id stringlengths 24 24 | passage stringlengths 205 2.05k | reference stringlengths 20 190 | answer stringlengths 2 140 | questions listlengths 15 15 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
57271f125951b619008f8635 | One of the oldest depictions of civil disobedience is in Sophocles' play Antigone, in which Antigone, one of the daughters of former King of Thebes, Oedipus, defies Creon, the current King of Thebes, who is trying to stop her from giving her brother Polynices a proper burial. She gives a stirring speech in which she tells him that she must obey her conscience rather than human law. She is not at all afraid of the death he threatens her with (and eventually carries out), but she is afraid of how her conscience will smite her if she does not do this. | Sophocles demonstrated civil disobedience in a play that was called? | Antigone | [
{
"answer_consistency": 3,
"answerability": 3,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "Who is the main character in Sophocles' play that defies the King's orders?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fewshot"
},
{
"answer... |
57273c195951b619008f8721 | In August 1999, ABC premiered a special series event, Who Wants to Be a Millionaire, a game show based on the British program of the same title. Hosted throughout its ABC tenure by Regis Philbin, the program became a major ratings success throughout its initial summer run, which led ABC to renew Millionaire as a regular series, returning on January 18, 2000. At its peak, the program aired as much as six nights a week. Buoyed by Millionaire, during the 1999–2000 season, ABC became the first network to move from third to first place in the ratings during a single television season. Millionaire ended its run on the network's primetime lineup after three years in 2002, with Buena Vista Television relaunching the show as a syndicated program (under that incarnation's original host Meredith Vieira) in September of that year. | When did ABC first premiere Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? | August 1999 | [
{
"answer_consistency": 3,
"answerability": 3,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "When did ABC premiere the game show \"Who Wants to Be a Millionaire\"?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fewshot"
},
{
"answer_cons... |
5728809f2ca10214002da40e | Guo Shoujing applied mathematics to the construction of calendars. He was one of the first mathematicians in China to work on spherical trigonometry. Gou derived a cubic interpolation formula for his astronomical calculations. His calendar, the Shoushi Li (授時暦) or Calendar for Fixing the Seasons, was disseminated in 1281 as the official calendar of the Yuan dynasty. The calendar may have been influenced solely by the work of Song dynasty astronomer Shen Kuo or possibly by the work of Arab astronomers. There are no explicit signs of Muslim influences in the Shoushi calendar, but Mongol rulers were known to be interested in Muslim calendars. Mathematical knowledge from the Middle East was introduced to China under the Mongols, and Muslim astronomers brought Arabic numerals to China in the 13th century. | What was the Chinese name of Gou's calendar? | 授時暦 | [
{
"answer_consistency": 2.6667,
"answerability": 2.6667,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 2.6667,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "What was the name of the calendar developed by Guo Shoujing for the Yuan dynasty?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fewshot"... |
572883a33acd2414000dfa7c | At the same time the Mongols imported Central Asian Muslims to serve as administrators in China, the Mongols also sent Han Chinese and Khitans from China to serve as administrators over the Muslim population in Bukhara in Central Asia, using foreigners to curtail the power of the local peoples of both lands. Han Chinese were moved to Central Asian areas like Besh Baliq, Almaliq, and Samarqand by the Mongols where they worked as artisans and farmers. Alans were recruited into the Mongol forces with one unit called "Right Alan Guard" which was combined with "recently surrendered" soldiers, Mongols, and Chinese soldiers stationed in the area of the former Kingdom of Qocho and in Besh Balikh the Mongols established a Chinese military colony led by Chinese general Qi Kongzhi (Ch'i Kung-chih). After the Mongol conquest of Central Asia by Genghis Khan, foreigners were chosen as administrators and co-management with Chinese and Qara-Khitays (Khitans) of gardens and fields in Samarqand was put upon the Muslims as a requirement since Muslims were not allowed to manage without them. The Mongol appointed Governor of Samarqand was a Qara-Khitay (Khitan), held the title Taishi, familiar with Chinese culture his name was Ahai | What types of work did the Han do in Central Asia? | artisans and farmers | [
{
"answer_consistency": 2.3333,
"answerability": 2.3333,
"clarity": 2.6667,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "What roles did Han Chinese and Khitans serve in Central Asia under Mongol rule?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fewshot"
... |
5729046aaf94a219006a9f4f | The capture of Warũhiũ Itote (aka General China) on 15 January 1954 and the subsequent interrogation led to a better understanding of the Mau Mau command structure. Operation Anvil opened on 24 April 1954, after weeks of planning by the army with the approval of the War Council. The operation effectively placed Nairobi under military siege, and the occupants were screened and the Mau Mau supporters moved to detention camps. The Home Guard formed the core of the government's strategy as it was composed of loyalist Africans, not foreign forces like the British Army and King's African Rifles. By the end of the emergency, the Home Guard had killed 4,686 Mau Mau, amounting to 42% of the total insurgents. The capture of Dedan Kimathi on 21 October 1956 in Nyeri signified the ultimate defeat of the Mau Mau and essentially ended the military offensive. During this period, substantial governmental changes to land tenure occurred. The most important of these was the Swynnerton Plan, which was used to both reward loyalists and punish Mau Mau. | When did Operation Anvil open? | 24 April 1954 | [
{
"answer_consistency": 3,
"answerability": 3,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "When did Operation Anvil begin?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fewshot"
},
{
"answer_consistency": 3,
"answerability": 3,
... |
5727502f708984140094dc0b | Mortgage bankers, accountants, and cost engineers are likely participants in creating an overall plan for the financial management of the building construction project. The presence of the mortgage banker is highly likely, even in relatively small projects since the owner's equity in the property is the most obvious source of funding for a building project. Accountants act to study the expected monetary flow over the life of the project and to monitor the payouts throughout the process. Cost engineers and estimators apply expertise to relate the work and materials involved to a proper valuation. Cost overruns with government projects have occurred when the contractor identified change orders or project changes that increased costs, which are not subject to competition from other firms as they have already been eliminated from consideration after the initial bid. | Cost overruns with government projects have occurred when the contractor did what? | identified change orders or project changes that increased costs | [
{
"answer_consistency": 1,
"answerability": 3,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 2.6667,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "Who typically identifies change orders or project changes that increase costs in government projects?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turb... |
5737821cc3c5551400e51f1a | The development of fundamental theories for forces proceeded along the lines of unification of disparate ideas. For example, Isaac Newton unified the force responsible for objects falling at the surface of the Earth with the force responsible for the orbits of celestial mechanics in his universal theory of gravitation. Michael Faraday and James Clerk Maxwell demonstrated that electric and magnetic forces were unified through one consistent theory of electromagnetism. In the 20th century, the development of quantum mechanics led to a modern understanding that the first three fundamental forces (all except gravity) are manifestations of matter (fermions) interacting by exchanging virtual particles called gauge bosons. This standard model of particle physics posits a similarity between the forces and led scientists to predict the unification of the weak and electromagnetic forces in electroweak theory subsequently confirmed by observation. The complete formulation of the standard model predicts an as yet unobserved Higgs mechanism, but observations such as neutrino oscillations indicate that the standard model is incomplete. A Grand Unified Theory allowing for the combination of the electroweak interaction with the strong force is held out as a possibility with candidate theories such as supersymmetry proposed to accommodate some of the outstanding unsolved problems in physics. Physicists are still attempting to develop self-consistent unification models that would combine all four fundamental interactions into a theory of everything. Einstein tried and failed at this endeavor, but currently the most popular approach to answering this question is string theory.:212–219 | In what century was quantum mechanics made? | 20th | [
{
"answer_consistency": 1,
"answerability": 1.3333,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 2.3333,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "What century saw the development of fundamental theories for forces?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fewshot"
},
{
"ans... |
57274f49f1498d1400e8f61e | Private schools are often Anglican, such as King's College and Diocesan School for Girls in Auckland, St Paul's Collegiate School in Hamilton, St Peter's School in Cambridge, Samuel Marsden Collegiate School in Wellington, and Christ's College and St Margaret's College in Christchurch; or Presbyterian, such as Saint Kentigern College and St Cuthbert's College in Auckland, Scots College and Queen Margaret College in Wellington, and St Andrew's College and Rangi Ruru Girls' School in Christchurch. Academic Colleges Group is a recent group of private schools run as a business, with schools throughout Auckland, including ACG Senior College in Auckland’s CBD, ACG Parnell College in Parnell, and international school ACG New Zealand International College. There are three private schools (including the secondary school, St Dominic's College) operated by the Catholic schismatic group, the Society of St Pius X in Wanganui. | What denomination is the Diocesan School for Girls in Auckland affiliated with? | Anglican | [
{
"answer_consistency": 2.6667,
"answerability": 2.6667,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 2.6667,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "What is the predominant religion associated with private schools in New Zealand?",
"relevance": 2.6667,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fews... |
572914f46aef051400154a46 | With International Criminal Court trial dates in 2013 for both President Kenyatta and Deputy President William Ruto related to the 2007 election aftermath, US President Barack Obama chose not to visit the country during his mid-2013 African trip. Later in the summer, Kenyatta visited China at the invitation of President Xi Jinping after a stop in Russia and not having visited the United States as president. In July 2015 Obama visited Kenya, as the first American president to visit the country while in office. | What was the result of the 2007 election? | International Criminal Court trial dates | [
{
"answer_consistency": 1,
"answerability": 1,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 2.3333,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "What were the trial dates for President Kenyatta and Deputy President William Ruto?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fewshot"
},
... |
572867543acd2414000df9a1 | There are fifteen fraternities and seven sororities at the University of Chicago, as well as one co-ed community service fraternity, Alpha Phi Omega. Four of the sororities are members of the National Panhellenic Conference, and ten of the fraternities form the University of Chicago Interfraternity Council. In 2002, the Associate Director of Student Activities estimated that 8–10 percent of undergraduates were members of fraternities or sororities. The student activities office has used similar figures, stating that one in ten undergraduates participate in Greek life. | How many fraternities are apart of the university? | fifteen | [
{
"answer_consistency": 3,
"answerability": 3,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "How many fraternities are there at the University of Chicago?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fewshot"
},
{
"answer_consistency":... |
5727d9c43acd2414000dee17 | Harvard has been highly ranked by many university rankings. In particular, it has consistently topped the Academic Ranking of World Universities (ARWU) since 2003, and the THE World Reputation Rankings since 2011, when the first time such league tables were published. When the QS and Times were published in partnership as the THE-QS World University Rankings during 2004-2009, Harvard had also been regarded the first in every year. The University's undergraduate program has been continuously among the top two in the U.S. News & World Report. In 2014, Harvard topped the University Ranking by Academic Performance (URAP). It was ranked 8th on the 2013-2014 PayScale College Salary Report and 14th on the 2013 PayScale College Education Value Rankings. From a poll done by The Princeton Review, Harvard is the second most commonly named "dream college", both for students and parents in 2013, and was the first nominated by parents in 2009. In 2011, the Mines ParisTech : Professional Ranking World Universities ranked Harvard 1st university in the world in terms of number of alumni holding CEO position in Fortune Global 500 companies. | Starting in what year has Harvard topped the Academic Rankings of World Universities? | 2003 | [
{
"answer_consistency": 3,
"answerability": 3,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "Since when has Harvard consistently topped the Academic Ranking of World Universities?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fewshot"
},
{
... |
572882242ca10214002da423 | The Mongol rulers patronized the Yuan printing industry. Chinese printing technology was transferred to the Mongols through Kingdom of Qocho and Tibetan intermediaries. Some Yuan documents such as Wang Zhen's Nong Shu were printed with earthenware movable type, a technology invented in the 12th century. However, most published works were still produced through traditional block printing techniques. The publication of a Taoist text inscribed with the name of Töregene Khatun, Ögedei's wife, is one of the first printed works sponsored by the Mongols. In 1273, the Mongols created the Imperial Library Directorate, a government-sponsored printing office. The Yuan government established centers for printing throughout China. Local schools and government agencies were funded to support the publishing of books. | Who was Ögedei's wife? | Töregene Khatun | [
{
"answer_consistency": 2,
"answerability": 2,
"clarity": 2.3333,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 1.6667,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "Who sponsored the publication of a Taoist text inscribed with her name during the Mongol rule?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_... |
5727ea45ff5b5019007d9870 | In Marxian analysis, capitalist firms increasingly substitute capital equipment for labor inputs (workers) under competitive pressure to reduce costs and maximize profits. Over the long-term, this trend increases the organic composition of capital, meaning that less workers are required in proportion to capital inputs, increasing unemployment (the "reserve army of labour"). This process exerts a downward pressure on wages. The substitution of capital equipment for labor (mechanization and automation) raises the productivity of each worker, resulting in a situation of relatively stagnant wages for the working class amidst rising levels of property income for the capitalist class. | When less workers are required, what happens to the job market? | increasing unemployment | [
{
"answer_consistency": 2.3333,
"answerability": 3,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "What is the result of capitalist firms substituting capital equipment for labor inputs?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fewshot"
}... |
57377083c3c5551400e51edf | A static equilibrium between two forces is the most usual way of measuring forces, using simple devices such as weighing scales and spring balances. For example, an object suspended on a vertical spring scale experiences the force of gravity acting on the object balanced by a force applied by the "spring reaction force", which equals the object's weight. Using such tools, some quantitative force laws were discovered: that the force of gravity is proportional to volume for objects of constant density (widely exploited for millennia to define standard weights); Archimedes' principle for buoyancy; Archimedes' analysis of the lever; Boyle's law for gas pressure; and Hooke's law for springs. These were all formulated and experimentally verified before Isaac Newton expounded his Three Laws of Motion. | What can scales and spring balances measure between two forces by using static equilibrium? | forces | [
{
"answer_consistency": 1,
"answerability": 3,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "What are some examples of quantitative force laws?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fewshot"
},
{
"answer_consistency": 1.3333,
... |
57281a952ca10214002d9dec | The most frequent musical contributor during the first 15 years was Dudley Simpson, who is also well known for his theme and incidental music for Blake's 7, and for his haunting theme music and score for the original 1970s version of The Tomorrow People. Simpson's first Doctor Who score was Planet of Giants (1964) and he went on to write music for many adventures of the 1960s and 1970s, including most of the stories of the Jon Pertwee/Tom Baker periods, ending with The Horns of Nimon (1979). He also made a cameo appearance in The Talons of Weng-Chiang (as a Music hall conductor). | In what decades was Dudley Simpson most active in contributing to Doctor Who? | the 1960s and 1970s | [
{
"answer_consistency": 2.6667,
"answerability": 3,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "During which decades did Dudley Simpson contribute music to Doctor Who?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fewshot"
},
{
"answe... |
57377862c3c5551400e51ef6 | A simple case of dynamic equilibrium occurs in constant velocity motion across a surface with kinetic friction. In such a situation, a force is applied in the direction of motion while the kinetic friction force exactly opposes the applied force. This results in zero net force, but since the object started with a non-zero velocity, it continues to move with a non-zero velocity. Aristotle misinterpreted this motion as being caused by the applied force. However, when kinetic friction is taken into consideration it is clear that there is no net force causing constant velocity motion. | Who thought that applied force caused movement of an object regardless of non-zero velocity? | Aristotle | [
{
"answer_consistency": 3,
"answerability": 3,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "Who misinterpreted constant velocity motion as being caused by an applied force?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fewshot"
},
{
"a... |
5726dcbddd62a815002e9324 | In Japan, at the end of the Asuka period (538–710) and the early Nara period (710–794), the men who fulfilled roles similar to those of modern pharmacists were highly respected. The place of pharmacists in society was expressly defined in the Taihō Code (701) and re-stated in the Yōrō Code (718). Ranked positions in the pre-Heian Imperial court were established; and this organizational structure remained largely intact until the Meiji Restoration (1868). In this highly stable hierarchy, the pharmacists—and even pharmacist assistants—were assigned status superior to all others in health-related fields such as physicians and acupuncturists. In the Imperial household, the pharmacist was even ranked above the two personal physicians of the Emperor. | Where did the pharmacist stand in relation to the Emperor's personal physicians? | ranked above | [
{
"answer_consistency": 1,
"answerability": 1,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 2.6667,
"consistency": 2.3333,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "Who were the pharmacists ranked above in the pre-Heian Imperial court?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fewshot"
},
{
"a... |
57272dd55951b619008f8699 | In 1227, Genghis Khan's army attacked and destroyed the Tangut capital of Ning Hia and continued to advance, seizing Lintiao-fu, Xining province, Xindu-fu, and Deshun province in quick succession in the spring. At Deshun, the Tangut general Ma Jianlong put up a fierce resistance for several days and personally led charges against the invaders outside the city gate. Ma Jianlong later died from wounds received from arrows in battle. Genghis Khan, after conquering Deshun, went to Liupanshan (Qingshui County, Gansu Province) to escape the severe summer. The new Tangut emperor quickly surrendered to the Mongols, and the rest of the Tanguts officially surrendered soon after. Not happy with their betrayal and resistance, Genghis Khan ordered the entire imperial family to be executed, effectively ending the Tangut lineage. | What weapon caused the wounds that killed Tangut general Ma Jianlong? | arrows | [
{
"answer_consistency": 2.6667,
"answerability": 3,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "What caused the death of Tangut general Ma Jianlong in battle?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fewshot"
},
{
"answer_consist... |
57297d421d046914007794e6 | Modern primality tests for general numbers n can be divided into two main classes, probabilistic (or "Monte Carlo") and deterministic algorithms. Deterministic algorithms provide a way to tell for sure whether a given number is prime or not. For example, trial division is a deterministic algorithm because, if performed correctly, it will always identify a prime number as prime and a composite number as composite. Probabilistic algorithms are normally faster, but do not completely prove that a number is prime. These tests rely on testing a given number in a partly random way. For example, a given test might pass all the time if applied to a prime number, but pass only with probability p if applied to a composite number. If we repeat the test n times and pass every time, then the probability that our number is composite is 1/(1-p)n, which decreases exponentially with the number of tests, so we can be as sure as we like (though never perfectly sure) that the number is prime. On the other hand, if the test ever fails, then we know that the number is composite. | What is the name of one type of modern primality test? | probabilistic | [
{
"answer_consistency": 1,
"answerability": 2.6667,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "What is the main difference between probabilistic and deterministic primality tests?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fewshot"
},
... |
572774cf5951b619008f8a53 | The merger between ABC and Capital Cities received federal approval on September 5, 1985. After the ABC/Capital Cities merger was finalized on January 3, 1986, the combined company – which became known as Capital Cities/ABC, Inc. – added four television stations (WPVI-TV/Philadelphia, KTRK-TV/Houston, KFSN-TV/Fresno and WTVD/Raleigh) and several radio stations to ABC's broadcasting portfolio, and also included Fairchild Publications and four newspapers (including The Kansas City Star and Fort Worth Star-Telegram). It also initiated several changes in its management: Frederick S. Pierce was named president of ABC's broadcasting division; Michael P. Millardi became vice president of ABC Broadcasting, and president of ABC Owned Stations and ABC Video Enterprises; John B. Sias was appointed president of the ABC Television Network; Brandon Stoddard became president of ABC Entertainment (a position to which he had been appointed in November 1985); and Roone Arledge became president of ABC News and ABC Sports. In February 1986, Thomas S. Murphy, who had been serving as CEO of Capital Cities since 1964, was appointed chairman and CEO emeritus of ABC. Jim Duffy stepped down as ABC Television president for a management position at ABC Communications, a subsidiary that specialized in community service programming, including shows related to literary education. | After the Capital Cities - ABC merger, Frederick Pierce was named to what position? | president of ABC's broadcasting division | [
{
"answer_consistency": 1,
"answerability": 3,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "Who was appointed as the president of ABC's broadcasting division after the merger with Capital Cities?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_f... |
57293e983f37b3190047818f | In 2001, 16 national science academies issued a joint statement on climate change. The joint statement was made by the Australian Academy of Science, the Royal Flemish Academy of Belgium for Science and the Arts, the Brazilian Academy of Sciences, the Royal Society of Canada, the Caribbean Academy of Sciences, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the French Academy of Sciences, the German Academy of Natural Scientists Leopoldina, the Indian National Science Academy, the Indonesian Academy of Sciences, the Royal Irish Academy, Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei (Italy), the Academy of Sciences Malaysia, the Academy Council of the Royal Society of New Zealand, the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, and the Royal Society (UK). The statement, also published as an editorial in the journal Science, stated "we support the [TAR's] conclusion that it is at least 90% certain that temperatures will continue to rise, with average global surface temperature projected to increase by between 1.4 and 5.8 °C above 1990 levels by 2100". The TAR has also been endorsed by the Canadian Foundation for Climate and Atmospheric Sciences, Canadian Meteorological and Oceanographic Society, and European Geosciences Union (refer to "Endorsements of the IPCC"). | How much did the statement predict global surface temperature would increase by 2100? | between 1.4 and 5.8 °C above 1990 levels | [
{
"answer_consistency": 2.6667,
"answerability": 2.6667,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "What is the projected increase in average global surface temperature by 2100 according to the joint statement of the national science academies?",
"... |
57274f67708984140094dbf6 | Construction projects can suffer from preventable financial problems. Underbids happen when builders ask for too little money to complete the project. Cash flow problems exist when the present amount of funding cannot cover the current costs for labour and materials, and because they are a matter of having sufficient funds at a specific time, can arise even when the overall total is enough. Fraud is a problem in many fields, but is notoriously prevalent in the construction field. Financial planning for the project is intended to ensure that a solid plan with adequate safeguards and contingency plans are in place before the project is started and is required to ensure that the plan is properly executed over the life of the project. | What is an underbid? | when builders ask for too little money to complete the project | [
{
"answer_consistency": 2.6667,
"answerability": 2.6667,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "What is an underbid in construction projects?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fewshot"
},
{
"answer_consistency": 3,
... |
57286ead2ca10214002da346 | Following the conquest of Dali in 1253, the former ruling Duan dynasty were appointed as governors-general, recognized as imperial officials by the Yuan, Ming, and Qing-era governments, principally in the province of Yunnan. Succession for the Yuan dynasty, however, was an intractable problem, later causing much strife and internal struggle. This emerged as early as the end of Kublai's reign. Kublai originally named his eldest son, Zhenjin, as the Crown Prince, but he died before Kublai in 1285. Thus, Zhenjin's third son, with the support of his mother Kökejin and the minister Bayan, succeeded the throne and ruled as Temür Khan, or Emperor Chengzong, from 1294 to 1307. Temür Khan decided to maintain and continue much of the work begun by his grandfather. He also made peace with the western Mongol khanates as well as neighboring countries such as Vietnam, which recognized his nominal suzerainty and paid tributes for a few decades. However, the corruption in the Yuan dynasty began during the reign of Temür Khan. | When was Dali conquered by the Yuan? | 1253 | [
{
"answer_consistency": 3,
"answerability": 3,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "In what year was Dali conquered?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fewshot"
},
{
"answer_consistency": 3,
"answerability": 3,
... |
5730ec85e6313a140071cabc | The UMC is also a member of the Wesleyan Holiness Consortium, which seeks to reconceive and promote Biblical holiness in today's Church. It is also active in the World Methodist Council, an interdenominational group composed of various churches in the tradition of John Wesley to promote the Gospel throughout the world. On July 18, 2006, delegates to the World Methodist Council voted unanimously to adopt the "Joint Declaration on the Doctrine of Justification", which was approved in 1999 by the Vatican and the Lutheran World Federation. | When did delegates to the World Methodist Council vote to adopt the joint Declaration on the Doctrine of Justification?" | July 18, 2006 | [
{
"answer_consistency": 3,
"answerability": 3,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "When was the \"Joint Declaration on the Doctrine of Justification\" adopted by the World Methodist Council?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-tur... |
5727ffb5ff5b5019007d9a8d | The image of the TARDIS has become firmly linked to the show in the public's consciousness; BBC scriptwriter Anthony Coburn, who lived in the resort of Herne Bay, Kent, was one of the people who conceived the idea of a police box as a time machine. In 1996, the BBC applied for a trade mark to use the TARDIS' blue police box design in merchandising associated with Doctor Who. In 1998, the Metropolitan Police Authority filed an objection to the trade mark claim; but in 2002, the Patent Office ruled in favour of the BBC. | What does the TARDIS look like? | blue police box | [
{
"answer_consistency": 3,
"answerability": 3,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "What is the design of the TARDIS in Doctor Who?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fewshot"
},
{
"answer_consistency": 3,
"answe... |
572ff56304bcaa1900d76f2d | The other third of the water flows through the Pannerdens Kanaal and redistributes in the IJssel and Nederrijn. The IJssel branch carries one ninth of the water flow of the Rhine north into the IJsselmeer (a former bay), while the Nederrijn carries approximately two ninths of the flow west along a route parallel to the Waal. However, at Wijk bij Duurstede, the Nederrijn changes its name and becomes the Lek. It flows farther west, to rejoin the Noord River into the Nieuwe Maas and to the North Sea. | If two thirds of the Rhine flows through Waal, where does the other third flow through? | Pannerdens Kanaal | [
{
"answer_consistency": 3,
"answerability": 3,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "Which canal redistributes a third of the water flow of the Rhine into the IJssel and Nederrijn?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fewshot"
... |
572a18a4af94a219006aa7e1 | Some theories developed in the 1970s established possible avenues through which inequality may have a positive effect on economic development. According to a 1955 review, savings by the wealthy, if these increase with inequality, were thought to offset reduced consumer demand. A 2013 report on Nigeria suggests that growth has risen with increased income inequality. Some theories popular from the 1950s to 2011 incorrectly stated that inequality had a positive effect on economic development. Analyses based on comparing yearly equality figures to yearly growth rates were misleading because it takes several years for effects to manifest as changes to economic growth. IMF economists found a strong association between lower levels of inequality in developing countries and sustained periods of economic growth. Developing countries with high inequality have "succeeded in initiating growth at high rates for a few years" but "longer growth spells are robustly associated with more equality in the income distribution." | What does a 2013 report on Nigeria suggest it's growth has done? | risen | [
{
"answer_consistency": 3,
"answerability": 3,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "What effect has income inequality had on economic development in Nigeria?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fewshot"
},
{
"answer_c... |
573792ee1c456719005744b9 | However, attempting to reconcile electromagnetic theory with two observations, the photoelectric effect, and the nonexistence of the ultraviolet catastrophe, proved troublesome. Through the work of leading theoretical physicists, a new theory of electromagnetism was developed using quantum mechanics. This final modification to electromagnetic theory ultimately led to quantum electrodynamics (or QED), which fully describes all electromagnetic phenomena as being mediated by wave–particles known as photons. In QED, photons are the fundamental exchange particle, which described all interactions relating to electromagnetism including the electromagnetic force.[Note 4] | What was dificult to reconcile the photoelectric effect and the missing ultraviolet catastrophe? | electromagnetic theory | [
{
"answer_consistency": 1,
"answerability": 3,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "What theory fully describes all electromagnetic phenomena as being mediated by photons?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fewshot"
},
{... |
572975073f37b31900478416 | Like mitochondria, chloroplasts use the potential energy stored in an H+, or hydrogen ion gradient to generate ATP energy. The two photosystems capture light energy to energize electrons taken from water, and release them down an electron transport chain. The molecules between the photosystems harness the electrons' energy to pump hydrogen ions into the thylakoid space, creating a concentration gradient, with more hydrogen ions (up to a thousand times as many) inside the thylakoid system than in the stroma. The hydrogen ions in the thylakoid space then diffuse back down their concentration gradient, flowing back out into the stroma through ATP synthase. ATP synthase uses the energy from the flowing hydrogen ions to phosphorylate adenosine diphosphate into adenosine triphosphate, or ATP. Because chloroplast ATP synthase projects out into the stroma, the ATP is synthesized there, in position to be used in the dark reactions. | Where do chloroplasts pump hydrogen? | into the thylakoid space | [
{
"answer_consistency": 2.3333,
"answerability": 3,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "Where do the hydrogen ions flow back into to create ATP in chloroplasts?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fewshot"
},
{
"answ... |
572843304b864d190016484c | In the 1890s, the University of Chicago, fearful that its vast resources would injure smaller schools by drawing away good students, affiliated with several regional colleges and universities: Des Moines College, Kalamazoo College, Butler University, and Stetson University. In 1896, the university affiliated with Shimer College in Mount Carroll, Illinois. Under the terms of the affiliation, the schools were required to have courses of study comparable to those at the university, to notify the university early of any contemplated faculty appointments or dismissals, to make no faculty appointment without the university's approval, and to send copies of examinations for suggestions. The University of Chicago agreed to confer a degree on any graduating senior from an affiliated school who made a grade of A for all four years, and on any other graduate who took twelve weeks additional study at the University of Chicago. A student or faculty member of an affiliated school was entitled to free tuition at the University of Chicago, and Chicago students were eligible to attend an affiliated school on the same terms and receive credit for their work. The University of Chicago also agreed to provide affiliated schools with books and scientific apparatus and supplies at cost; special instructors and lecturers without cost except travel expenses; and a copy of every book and journal published by the University of Chicago Press at no cost. The agreement provided that either party could terminate the affiliation on proper notice. Several University of Chicago professors disliked the program, as it involved uncompensated additional labor on their part, and they believed it cheapened the academic reputation of the university. The program passed into history by 1910. | In what year did the affiliate program end? | 1910 | [
{
"answer_consistency": 3,
"answerability": 3,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "When did the affiliation program between the University of Chicago and regional colleges end?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fewshot"
... |
572744aff1498d1400e8f589 | New techniques of building construction are being researched, made possible by advances in 3D printing technology. In a form of additive building construction, similar to the additive manufacturing techniques for manufactured parts, building printing is making it possible to flexibly construct small commercial buildings and private habitations in around 20 hours, with built-in plumbing and electrical facilities, in one continuous build, using large 3D printers. Working versions of 3D-printing building technology are already printing 2 metres (6 ft 7 in) of building material per hour as of January 2013[update], with the next-generation printers capable of 3.5 metres (11 ft) per hour, sufficient to complete a building in a week. Dutch architect Janjaap Ruijssenaars's performative architecture 3D-printed building is scheduled to be built in 2014. | Building printing is making it possible to flexibly construct small commercial buildings and private habitations in what amount of time? | around 20 hours | [
{
"answer_consistency": 3,
"answerability": 3,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "How long does it take to construct small commercial buildings and private habitations using 3D printing technology?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT... |
5728ebcb3acd2414000e01d9 | An important decision for civil disobedients is whether or not to plead guilty. There is much debate on this point, as some believe that it is a civil disobedient's duty to submit to the punishment prescribed by law, while others believe that defending oneself in court will increase the possibility of changing the unjust law. It has also been argued that either choice is compatible with the spirit of civil disobedience. ACT-UP's Civil Disobedience Training handbook states that a civil disobedient who pleads guilty is essentially stating, "Yes, I committed the act of which you accuse me. I don't deny it; in fact, I am proud of it. I feel I did the right thing by violating this particular law; I am guilty as charged," but that pleading not guilty sends a message of, "Guilt implies wrong-doing. I feel I have done no wrong. I may have violated some specific laws, but I am guilty of doing no wrong. I therefore plead not guilty." A plea of no contest is sometimes regarded as a compromise between the two. One defendant accused of illegally protesting nuclear power, when asked to enter his plea, stated, "I plead for the beauty that surrounds us"; this is known as a "creative plea," and will usually be interpreted as a plea of not guilty. | What is an important personal decision for civil disobedients? | whether or not to plead guilty | [
{
"answer_consistency": 3,
"answerability": 3,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "What is an important decision for civil disobedients to make?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fewshot"
},
{
"answer_consistency":... |
57296d571d04691400779417 | A prime number (or a prime) is a natural number greater than 1 that has no positive divisors other than 1 and itself. A natural number greater than 1 that is not a prime number is called a composite number. For example, 5 is prime because 1 and 5 are its only positive integer factors, whereas 6 is composite because it has the divisors 2 and 3 in addition to 1 and 6. The fundamental theorem of arithmetic establishes the central role of primes in number theory: any integer greater than 1 can be expressed as a product of primes that is unique up to ordering. The uniqueness in this theorem requires excluding 1 as a prime because one can include arbitrarily many instances of 1 in any factorization, e.g., 3, 1 · 3, 1 · 1 · 3, etc. are all valid factorizations of 3. | Why must one be excluded in order to preserve the uniqueness of the fundamental theorem? | because one can include arbitrarily many instances of 1 in any factorization | [
{
"answer_consistency": 3,
"answerability": 3,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "Why is 1 not considered a prime number?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fewshot"
},
{
"answer_consistency": 3,
"answerability... |
5733f7b9d058e614000b66a9 | The French acquired a copy of the British war plans, including the activities of Shirley and Johnson. Shirley's efforts to fortify Oswego were bogged down in logistical difficulties, exacerbated by Shirley's inexperience in managing large expeditions. In conjunction, Shirley was made aware that the French were massing for an attack on Fort Oswego in his absence when he planned to attack Fort Niagara. As a response, Shirley left garrisons at Oswego, Fort Bull, and Fort Williams (the latter two located on the Oneida Carry between the Mohawk River and Wood Creek at present-day Rome, New York). Supplies for use in the projected attack on Niagara were cached at Fort Bull. | Whose activities were the French able to gain knowledge of? | British war plans | [
{
"answer_consistency": 3,
"answerability": 3,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "What information did the French acquire that led to Shirley's change in plans?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fewshot"
},
{
"ans... |
5729081d3f37b31900477faf | Neutrophils and macrophages are phagocytes that travel throughout the body in pursuit of invading pathogens. Neutrophils are normally found in the bloodstream and are the most abundant type of phagocyte, normally representing 50% to 60% of the total circulating leukocytes. During the acute phase of inflammation, particularly as a result of bacterial infection, neutrophils migrate toward the site of inflammation in a process called chemotaxis, and are usually the first cells to arrive at the scene of infection. Macrophages are versatile cells that reside within tissues and produce a wide array of chemicals including enzymes, complement proteins, and regulatory factors such as interleukin 1. Macrophages also act as scavengers, ridding the body of worn-out cells and other debris, and as antigen-presenting cells that activate the adaptive immune system. | What is a regulatory factor produced by macrophages? | interleukin 1 | [
{
"answer_consistency": 2.6667,
"answerability": 3,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "What regulatory factors do macrophages produce?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fewshot"
},
{
"answer_consistency": 2.6667,
... |
5737a0acc3c5551400e51f49 | Newton's laws and Newtonian mechanics in general were first developed to describe how forces affect idealized point particles rather than three-dimensional objects. However, in real life, matter has extended structure and forces that act on one part of an object might affect other parts of an object. For situations where lattice holding together the atoms in an object is able to flow, contract, expand, or otherwise change shape, the theories of continuum mechanics describe the way forces affect the material. For example, in extended fluids, differences in pressure result in forces being directed along the pressure gradients as follows: | In what kind of fluid are pressure differences caused by direction of forces over gradients? | extended | [
{
"answer_consistency": 1,
"answerability": 3,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "What are the theories of continuum mechanics used to describe?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fewshot"
},
{
"answer_consistency"... |
5727da564b864d1900163e8f | The Harvard Crimson competes in 42 intercollegiate sports in the NCAA Division I Ivy League. Harvard has an intense athletic rivalry with Yale University culminating in The Game, although the Harvard–Yale Regatta predates the football game. This rivalry, though, is put aside every two years when the Harvard and Yale Track and Field teams come together to compete against a combined Oxford University and Cambridge University team, a competition that is the oldest continuous international amateur competition in the world. | What is Harvard's most intense rival? | Yale University | [
{
"answer_consistency": 3,
"answerability": 2.6667,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "What university has an intense athletic rivalry with Harvard?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fewshot"
},
{
"answer_consiste... |
57300bf504bcaa1900d7708a | In World War II, it was recognised that the Rhine would present a formidable natural obstacle to the invasion of Germany, by the Western Allies. The Rhine bridge at Arnhem, immortalized in the book, A Bridge Too Far and the film, was a central focus of the battle for Arnhem, during the failed Operation Market Garden of September 1944. The bridges at Nijmegen, over the Waal distributary of the Rhine, were also an objective of Operation Market Garden. In a separate operation, the Ludendorff Bridge, crossing the Rhine at Remagen, became famous, when U.S. forces were able to capture it intact – much to their own surprise – after the Germans failed to demolish it. This also became the subject of a film, The Bridge at Remagen. Seven Days to the River Rhine was a Warsaw Pact war plan for an invasion of Western Europe during the Cold War. | What bridge did the Germans fail to demolish? | Ludendorff Bridge | [
{
"answer_consistency": 3,
"answerability": 3,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "What bridge crossing the Rhine River did U.S. forces capture intact in World War II?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fewshot"
},
{
... |
572953013f37b31900478250 | Chloroplasts' main role is to conduct photosynthesis, where the photosynthetic pigment chlorophyll captures the energy from sunlight and converts it and stores it in the energy-storage molecules ATP and NADPH while freeing oxygen from water. They then use the ATP and NADPH to make organic molecules from carbon dioxide in a process known as the Calvin cycle. Chloroplasts carry out a number of other functions, including fatty acid synthesis, much amino acid synthesis, and the immune response in plants. The number of chloroplasts per cell varies from 1 in algae up to 100 in plants like Arabidopsis and wheat. | What is the process of turning CO2 into organic molecules called? | Calvin cycle | [
{
"answer_consistency": 3,
"answerability": 3,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "What is the process by which chloroplasts convert carbon dioxide into organic molecules?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fewshot"
},
... |
57276f82dd62a815002e9cd2 | On September 3, 1958, the Disneyland anthology series was retitled Walt Disney Presents as it became disassociated with the theme park of the same name. The movement in westerns, which ABC is credited for having started, represented a fifth of all primetime series on American television in January 1959, at which point detective shows were beginning to rise in popularity as well. ABC requested additional productions from Disney. In late 1958, Desilu Productions pitched its detective series The Untouchables to CBS; after that network rejected the show because of its use of violence, Desilu then presented it to ABC, which agreed to pick up the show, and debuted The Untouchables in April 1959. The series went on to quickly become "immensely popular". | Why did CBS turn down the pitch for The Untouchables? | its use of violence | [
{
"answer_consistency": 3,
"answerability": 3,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "What was the reason CBS rejected the show The Untouchables?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fewshot"
},
{
"answer_consistency": 3... |
572739a75951b619008f86f9 | Modern Mongolian historians say that towards the end of his life, Genghis Khan attempted to create a civil state under the Great Yassa that would have established the legal equality of all individuals, including women. However, there is no evidence of this, or of the lifting of discriminatory policies towards sedentary peoples such as the Chinese. Women played a relatively important role in Mongol Empire and in family, for example Töregene Khatun was briefly in charge of the Mongol Empire when next male Khagan was being chosen. Modern scholars refer to the alleged policy of encouraging trade and communication as the Pax Mongolica (Mongol Peace). | Who is an example of a sedentary people who were not favored by the laws of the Mongol Empire? | Chinese | [
{
"answer_consistency": 2.6667,
"answerability": 2.6667,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "Which ethnic group faced discriminatory policies under Genghis Khan's rule?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fewshot"
},
{
... |
57281ab63acd2414000df497 | Jacksonville, like most large cities in the United States, suffered from negative effects of rapid urban sprawl after World War II. The construction of highways led residents to move to newer housing in the suburbs. After World War II, the government of the city of Jacksonville began to increase spending to fund new public building projects in the boom that occurred after the war. Mayor W. Haydon Burns' Jacksonville Story resulted in the construction of a new city hall, civic auditorium, public library and other projects that created a dynamic sense of civic pride. However, the development of suburbs and a subsequent wave of middle class "white flight" left Jacksonville with a much poorer population than before. The city's most populous ethnic group, non-Hispanic white, declined from 75.8% in 1970 to 55.1% by 2010. | Jacksonville began to suffer and decline after what major world event? | World War II | [
{
"answer_consistency": 1.3333,
"answerability": 2,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "What event led to the negative effects of rapid urban sprawl in Jacksonville?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fewshot"
},
{
... |
57379a4b1c456719005744cf | The normal force is due to repulsive forces of interaction between atoms at close contact. When their electron clouds overlap, Pauli repulsion (due to fermionic nature of electrons) follows resulting in the force that acts in a direction normal to the surface interface between two objects.:93 The normal force, for example, is responsible for the structural integrity of tables and floors as well as being the force that responds whenever an external force pushes on a solid object. An example of the normal force in action is the impact force on an object crashing into an immobile surface. | What causes Pauli repulsion? | fermionic nature of electrons | [
{
"answer_consistency": 2.6667,
"answerability": 3,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "What is the cause of the normal force between atoms at close contact?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fewshot"
},
{
"answer_... |
5730c6d3b54a4f140068cc4e | Methodist institutions may be named after a biblical figure (e.g., "St. James UMC"). Methodists also honor notable heroes and heroines of the Christian faith and look to these prominent saints as providing examples of holy living and commitment to Christ that are worthy of imitation (see 1 Corinthians 11:1). Such exemplary saints include martyrs, confessors of the Faith, evangelists, or important biblical figures such as Saint Matthew, Lutheran theologian and martyr to the Nazis Dietrich Bonhoeffer, Salvation Army Founder William Booth, African missionary David Livingstone and Methodism's revered founder John Wesley are among many cited as Protestant saints. | Who is Methodism's revered founder? | John Wesley | [
{
"answer_consistency": 2,
"answerability": 3,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "Who are some notable heroes and heroines of the Christian faith that Methodists honor?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fewshot"
},
{
... |
572ffee1947a6a140053cf17 | While studying law and philosophy in England and Germany, Iqbal became a member of the London branch of the All India Muslim League. He came back to Lahore in 1908. While dividing his time between law practice and philosophical poetry, Iqbal had remained active in the Muslim League. He did not support Indian involvement in World War I and remained in close touch with Muslim political leaders such as Muhammad Ali Johar and Muhammad Ali Jinnah. He was a critic of the mainstream Indian nationalist and secularist Indian National Congress. Iqbal's seven English lectures were published by Oxford University press in 1934 in a book titled The Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam. These lectures dwell on the role of Islam as a religion as well as a political and legal philosophy in the modern age. | Who was Iqbal a critic of? | mainstream Indian nationalist and secularist Indian National Congress | [
{
"answer_consistency": 2.6667,
"answerability": 2.6667,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 2.6667,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "Which political party did Iqbal criticize in his lectures on the Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam?",
"relevance": 2.6667,
"sour... |
572941273f37b319004781ae | Former IPCC chairman Robert Watson has said "The mistakes all appear to have gone in the direction of making it seem like climate change is more serious by overstating the impact. That is worrying. The IPCC needs to look at this trend in the errors and ask why it happened". Martin Parry, a climate expert who had been co-chair of the IPCC working group II, said that "What began with a single unfortunate error over Himalayan glaciers has become a clamour without substance" and the IPCC had investigated the other alleged mistakes, which were "generally unfounded and also marginal to the assessment". | What direction did Watson say the mistake went in? | making it seem like climate change is more serious by overstating the impact | [
{
"answer_consistency": 3,
"answerability": 3,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "What trend in errors did the former IPCC chairman Robert Watson express concern about?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fewshot"
},
{
... |
5726ed6cf1498d1400e8f00c | While most Internet pharmacies sell prescription drugs and require a valid prescription, some Internet pharmacies sell prescription drugs without requiring a prescription. Many customers order drugs from such pharmacies to avoid the "inconvenience" of visiting a doctor or to obtain medications which their doctors were unwilling to prescribe. However, this practice has been criticized as potentially dangerous, especially by those who feel that only doctors can reliably assess contraindications, risk/benefit ratios, and an individual's overall suitability for use of a medication. There also have been reports of such pharmacies dispensing substandard products. | Why might customers order from internet pharmacies? | to avoid the "inconvenience" of visiting a doctor or to obtain medications which their doctors were unwilling to prescribe | [
{
"answer_consistency": 3,
"answerability": 3,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "Why do some customers order drugs from Internet pharmacies without a prescription?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fewshot"
},
{
... |
572748745951b619008f87b1 | In the spring of 1975, Fred Pierce, the newly appointed president of ABC Television, convinced Fred Silverman to become the first president and director of programming of the independent television production subsidiary ABC Entertainment, created from the network's namesake programming division. In 1974, ABC premiered the detective series S.W.A.T. That same year, the network made the decision to compete with NBC's morning news-talk program Today. Its first attempt at such competition was AM America; however, that show's success was not straightforward. One of its affiliates, WCVB-TV premiered morning show Good Day!. First premiering in 1973 as Good Morning!, it was groundbreaking for being entirely produced on the road and broadcasting from locations outside of the Boston area. Also, in the summer of 1975, ABC discovered that its Cleveland affiliate WEWS-TV was producing its own morning program The Morning Exchange, which debuted in 1972 and was now locally pre-empting AM America; it was the first morning show to utilize a set modeled after a living room, and established a concept now commonplace among network morning shows in which news and weather updates were featured at the top and bottom of each hour. Discovering that their formats seemed to appeal to their viewers, the network became the first to adopt them for a new national morning show, Good Morning America, which debuted on November 3, 1975. | Who was the President of ABC television in 1976? | Fred Pierce | [
{
"answer_consistency": 1,
"answerability": 3,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "Who was the first president and director of programming of ABC Entertainment?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fewshot"
},
{
"answ... |
57300137b2c2fd140056871a | Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi was an important early twentieth-century figure in the Islamic revival in India, and then after independence from Britain, in Pakistan. Trained as a lawyer he chose the profession of journalism, and wrote about contemporary issues and most importantly about Islam and Islamic law. Maududi founded the Jamaat-e-Islami party in 1941 and remained its leader until 1972. However, Maududi had much more impact through his writing than through his political organising. His extremely influential books (translated into many languages) placed Islam in a modern context, and influenced not only conservative ulema but liberal modernizer Islamists such as al-Faruqi, whose "Islamization of Knowledge" carried forward some of Maududi's key principles. | Where did Maududi exert the most impact? | writing | [
{
"answer_consistency": 1.3333,
"answerability": 3,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "What profession did Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi choose instead of being a lawyer?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fewshot"
},
{
... |
572970c11d04691400779463 | There are infinitely many primes, as demonstrated by Euclid around 300 BC. There is no known simple formula that separates prime numbers from composite numbers. However, the distribution of primes, that is to say, the statistical behaviour of primes in the large, can be modelled. The first result in that direction is the prime number theorem, proven at the end of the 19th century, which says that the probability that a given, randomly chosen number n is prime is inversely proportional to its number of digits, or to the logarithm of n. | How many prime numbers exist? | infinitely many | [
{
"answer_consistency": 3,
"answerability": 3,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "How many prime numbers are there?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fewshot"
},
{
"answer_consistency": 3,
"answerability": 3,
... |
57281940ff5b5019007d9d46 | In the 1910s, New York–based filmmakers were attracted to Jacksonville's warm climate, exotic locations, excellent rail access, and cheap labor. Over the course of the decade, more than 30 silent film studios were established, earning Jacksonville the title of "Winter Film Capital of the World". However, the emergence of Hollywood as a major film production center ended the city's film industry. One converted movie studio site, Norman Studios, remains in Arlington; It has been converted to the Jacksonville Silent Film Museum at Norman Studios. | Jacksonville's popularity for films earned it what title? | Winter Film Capital of the World | [
{
"answer_consistency": 3,
"answerability": 3,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "What title did Jacksonville earn in the 1910s due to its film industry?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fewshot"
},
{
"answer_con... |
5729fd111d046914007796a6 | Unlike animals, plants lack phagocytic cells, but many plant immune responses involve systemic chemical signals that are sent through a plant. Individual plant cells respond to molecules associated with pathogens known as Pathogen-associated molecular patterns or PAMPs. When a part of a plant becomes infected, the plant produces a localized hypersensitive response, whereby cells at the site of infection undergo rapid apoptosis to prevent the spread of the disease to other parts of the plant. Systemic acquired resistance (SAR) is a type of defensive response used by plants that renders the entire plant resistant to a particular infectious agent. RNA silencing mechanisms are particularly important in this systemic response as they can block virus replication. | Plant cells respond to the molecules associated with pathogens known as what? | Pathogen-associated molecular patterns | [
{
"answer_consistency": 2.3333,
"answerability": 2.6667,
"clarity": 2.6667,
"conciseness": 2.6667,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "What are the molecules associated with pathogens called?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fewshot"
},
{
"answe... |
5730131c947a6a140053d056 | Another of the Egyptian groups which employed violence in their struggle for Islamic order was al-Gama'a al-Islamiyya (Islamic Group). Victims of their campaign against the Egyptian state in the 1990s included the head of the counter-terrorism police (Major General Raouf Khayrat), a parliamentary speaker (Rifaat al-Mahgoub), dozens of European tourists and Egyptian bystanders, and over 100 Egyptian police. Ultimately the campaign to overthrow the government was unsuccessful, and the major jihadi group, Jamaa Islamiya (or al-Gama'a al-Islamiyya), renounced violence in 2003. Other lesser known groups include the Islamic Liberation Party, Salvation from Hell and Takfir wal-Hijra, and these groups have variously been involved in activities such as attempted assassinations of political figures, arson of video shops and attempted takeovers of government buildings. | Who has the Islamic Liberation Party attempted to assassinate? | political figures | [
{
"answer_consistency": 1.3333,
"answerability": 3,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "Who were the victims of al-Gama'a al-Islamiyya's campaign against the Egyptian state in the 1990s?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_f... |
573098f38ab72b1400f9c5d2 | Europe's expansion into territorial imperialism was largely focused on economic growth by collecting resources from colonies, in combination with assuming political control by military and political means. The colonization of India in the mid-18th century offers an example of this focus: there, the "British exploited the political weakness of the Mughal state, and, while military activity was important at various times, the economic and administrative incorporation of local elites was also of crucial significance" for the establishment of control over the subcontinent's resources, markets, and manpower. Although a substantial number of colonies had been designed to provide economic profit and to ship resources to home ports in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, Fieldhouse suggests that in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries in places such as Africa and Asia, this idea is not necessarily valid: | European imperialism was focused on what? | economic growth | [
{
"answer_consistency": 3,
"answerability": 3,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "What was the main focus of Europe's expansion into territorial imperialism?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fewshot"
},
{
"answer... |
5729779b6aef051400154f66 | If angiosperm shoots are not exposed to the required light for chloroplast formation, proplastids may develop into an etioplast stage before becoming chloroplasts. An etioplast is a plastid that lacks chlorophyll, and has inner membrane invaginations that form a lattice of tubes in their stroma, called a prolamellar body. While etioplasts lack chlorophyll, they have a yellow chlorophyll precursor stocked. Within a few minutes of light exposure, the prolamellar body begins to reorganize into stacks of thylakoids, and chlorophyll starts to be produced. This process, where the etioplast becomes a chloroplast, takes several hours. Gymnosperms do not require light to form chloroplasts. | What plants don't need light to make chloroplasts? | Gymnosperms | [
{
"answer_consistency": 3,
"answerability": 3,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "Which group of plants does not require light to form chloroplasts?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fewshot"
},
{
"answer_consiste... |
5730285a04bcaa1900d77271 | An Islamist movement influenced by Salafism and the jihad in Afghanistan, as well as the Muslim Brotherhood, was the FIS or Front Islamique de Salut (the Islamic Salvation Front) in Algeria. Founded as a broad Islamist coalition in 1989 it was led by Abbassi Madani, and a charismatic Islamist young preacher, Ali Belhadj. Taking advantage of economic failure and unpopular social liberalization and secularization by the ruling leftist-nationalist FLN government, it used its preaching to advocate the establishment of a legal system following Sharia law, economic liberalization and development program, education in Arabic rather than French, and gender segregation, with women staying home to alleviate the high rate of unemployment among young Algerian men. The FIS won sweeping victories in local elections and it was going to win national elections in 1991 when voting was canceled by a military coup d'état. | What were the national elections in 1991 canceled by? | a military coup d'état | [
{
"answer_consistency": 3,
"answerability": 3,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "What caused the cancellation of the national elections in Algeria in 1991?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fewshot"
},
{
"answer_... |
57275f6ef1498d1400e8f707 | In 1965, the corporate entity, American Broadcasting-Paramount Theatres, was renamed as the American Broadcasting Companies, while its cinema division became ABC Theatres;[citation needed] its recording division was renamed ABC Records in 1966. In December of that year, the ABC television network premiered The Dating Game, a pioneer series in its genre, which was a reworking of the blind date concept in which a suitor selected one of three contestants sight unseen based on the answers to selected questions. This was followed up in July 1966 by The Newlywed Game, featuring three recently married couples who guessed the responses to their partner's questions (some of which were fairly risque). As ABC began to outgrow its facilities at 7 West 66th Street, Goldenson found a new headquarters for ABC in a 44 story building located at 1330 Avenue of the Americas in Manhattan, at the corner of 54th Street (now occupied by The Financial Times's New York office). This operation allowed for the conversion of the premises at 66th Street into production facilities for television and radio programs. | What was the name of the blind date concept program debuted by ABC in 1966? | The Dating Game | [
{
"answer_consistency": 2.6667,
"answerability": 2.6667,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 2.6667,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "What was the name of the pioneer series that premiered on the ABC television network in 1965?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-tu... |
5729f24baf94a219006aa6df | Economist Simon Kuznets argued that levels of economic inequality are in large part the result of stages of development. According to Kuznets, countries with low levels of development have relatively equal distributions of wealth. As a country develops, it acquires more capital, which leads to the owners of this capital having more wealth and income and introducing inequality. Eventually, through various possible redistribution mechanisms such as social welfare programs, more developed countries move back to lower levels of inequality. | What does a country acquire as it develops? | more capital | [
{
"answer_consistency": 3,
"answerability": 3,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "What is one of the factors that leads to higher levels of economic inequality in developed countries?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_few... |
57274e0d708984140094dbe6 | The modern trend in design is toward integration of previously separated specialties, especially among large firms. In the past, architects, interior designers, engineers, developers, construction managers, and general contractors were more likely to be entirely separate companies, even in the larger firms. Presently, a firm that is nominally an "architecture" or "construction management" firm may have experts from all related fields as employees, or to have an associated company that provides each necessary skill. Thus, each such firm may offer itself as "one-stop shopping" for a construction project, from beginning to end. This is designated as a "design build" contract where the contractor is given a performance specification and must undertake the project from design to construction, while adhering to the performance specifications. | Even in large firms, architects, interior designers, engineers, developers, construction managers, and general contractors were more likely to be what? | entirely separate companies | [
{
"answer_consistency": 1,
"answerability": 3,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "What is the trend in design towards integration of previously separated specialties?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fewshot"
},
{
... |
572820512ca10214002d9e73 | According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 874.3 square miles (2,264 km2), making Jacksonville the largest city in land area in the contiguous United States; of this, 86.66% (757.7 sq mi or 1,962 km2) is land and ; 13.34% (116.7 sq mi or 302 km2) is water. Jacksonville surrounds the town of Baldwin. Nassau County lies to the north, Baker County lies to the west, and Clay and St. Johns County lie to the south; the Atlantic Ocean lies to the east, along with the Jacksonville Beaches. The St. Johns River divides the city. The Trout River, a major tributary of the St. Johns River, is located entirely within Jacksonville. | What river separates Jacksonville? | St. Johns River | [
{
"answer_consistency": 3,
"answerability": 3,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "Which river divides the city of Jacksonville?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fewshot"
},
{
"answer_consistency": 3,
"answera... |
572742daf1498d1400e8f551 | In July 1968, ABC Radio launched a special programming project for its FM stations, which was spearheaded by Allen Shaw, a former program manager at WCFL in Chicago who was approached by ABC Radio president Harold L. Neal to develop a format to compete with the new progressive rock and DJ-helmed stations. The new concept called "LOVE Radio", which featured a limited selection of music genres, was launched on ABC's seven owned-and-operated FM stations in late November 1968; the concept replaced nearly all of the programming provided by these stations; however, several affiliates (such as KXYZ) retained the majority of their content. In August 1970, Shaw announced that ABC FM's music choice policy should be reviewed to allow listeners access to many styles of music. | Who was the ABC Radio president in 1968? | Harold L. Neal | [
{
"answer_consistency": 3,
"answerability": 3,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "Who was the ABC Radio president who approached Allen Shaw to develop a new format for FM stations?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fewsho... |
572a07a86aef0514001551d6 | In recent years the characteristic that has strongly correlated with health in developed countries is income inequality. Creating an index of "Health and Social Problems" from nine factors, authors Richard Wilkinson and Kate Pickett found health and social problems "more common in countries with bigger income inequalities", and more common among states in the US with larger income inequalities. Other studies have confirmed this relationship. The UNICEF index of "child well-being in rich countries", studying 40 indicators in 22 countries, correlates with greater equality but not per capita income. | What does child well-being in rich countries correlate most to? | greater equality | [
{
"answer_consistency": 1,
"answerability": 3,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "What characteristic strongly correlates with health in developed countries?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fewshot"
},
{
"answer... |
57273f27dd62a815002e9a0b | The Standard Industrial Classification and the newer North American Industry Classification System have a classification system for companies that perform or otherwise engage in construction. To recognize the differences of companies in this sector, it is divided into three subsectors: building construction, heavy and civil engineering construction, and specialty trade contractors. There are also categories for construction service firms (e.g., engineering, architecture) and construction managers (firms engaged in managing construction projects without assuming direct financial responsibility for completion of the construction project). | There are other categories for what? | construction service firms (e.g., engineering, architecture) and construction managers | [
{
"answer_consistency": 2,
"answerability": 2.3333,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 2.6667,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "What are the categories for firms that provide construction services without assuming direct financial responsibility for completion of the project?",
... |
57302a3aa23a5019007fced1 | The Taliban were spawned by the thousands of madrasahs the Deobandi movement established for impoverished Afghan refugees and supported by governmental and religious groups in neighboring Pakistan. The Taliban differed from other Islamist movements to the point where they might be more properly described as Islamic fundamentalist or neofundamentalist, interested in spreading "an idealized and systematized version of conservative tribal village customs" under the label of Sharia to an entire country. Their ideology was also described as being influenced by Wahhabism, and the extremist jihadism of their guest Osama bin Laden. | The Taliban was so different from other moments that they could be more accurately described as being what? | neofundamentalist | [
{
"answer_consistency": 2,
"answerability": 3,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "What term can be used to describe the ideology of the Taliban?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fewshot"
},
{
"answer_consistency"... |
5726b9e15951b619008f7bf3 | As a result, by 1206 Temüjin had managed to unite or subdue the Merkits, Naimans, Mongols, Keraites, Tatars, Uyghurs, and other disparate smaller tribes under his rule. It was a monumental feat for the "Mongols" (as they became known collectively). At a Khuruldai, a council of Mongol chiefs, Temüjin was acknowledged as "Khan" of the consolidated tribes and took the new title "Genghis Khan". The title Khagan was not conferred on Genghis until after his death, when his son and successor, Ögedei, took the title for himself and extended it posthumously to his father (as he was also to be posthumously declared the founder of the Yuan dynasty). This unification of all confederations by Genghis Khan established peace between previously warring tribes and a single political and military force under Genghis Khan. | What title was given to Genghis Khan posthumously? | Khagan | [
{
"answer_consistency": 3,
"answerability": 3,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "What title was conferred upon Genghis Khan after his death?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fewshot"
},
{
"answer_consistency": 3... |
572fad30a23a5019007fc86e | During this time, the discovery of oil in the North Sea and the following "It's Scotland's oil" campaign of the Scottish National Party (SNP) resulted in rising support for Scottish independence, as well as the SNP. The party argued that the revenues from the oil were not benefitting Scotland as much as they should. The combined effect of these events led to Prime Minister Wilson committing his government to some form of devolved legislature in 1974. However, it was not until 1978 that final legislative proposals for a Scottish Assembly were passed by the United Kingdom Parliament. | What campaigh did the Scottish National Party (SNP) run? | "It's Scotland's oil" | [
{
"answer_consistency": 3,
"answerability": 3,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 2.3333,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "What was the slogan used during the \"It's Scotland's oil\" campaign?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fewshot"
},
{
"answer_... |
572732f8f1498d1400e8f477 | Years before his death, Genghis Khan asked to be buried without markings, according to the customs of his tribe. After he died, his body was returned to Mongolia and presumably to his birthplace in Khentii Aimag, where many assume he is buried somewhere close to the Onon River and the Burkhan Khaldun mountain (part of the Kentii mountain range). According to legend, the funeral escort killed anyone and anything across their path to conceal where he was finally buried. The Genghis Khan Mausoleum, constructed many years after his death, is his memorial, but not his burial site. | What memorial was built years after Genghis Khan's death and burial? | The Genghis Khan Mausoleum | [
{
"answer_consistency": 1,
"answerability": 3,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "Where is Genghis Khan presumed to be buried?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fewshot"
},
{
"answer_consistency": 3,
"answerab... |
572a06af3f37b31900478669 | Pattern recognition receptors are proteins used by nearly all organisms to identify molecules associated with pathogens. Antimicrobial peptides called defensins are an evolutionarily conserved component of the innate immune response found in all animals and plants, and represent the main form of invertebrate systemic immunity. The complement system and phagocytic cells are also used by most forms of invertebrate life. Ribonucleases and the RNA interference pathway are conserved across all eukaryotes, and are thought to play a role in the immune response to viruses. | What cell type is also used for immune response in most types of invertebrate life? | phagocytic cells | [
{
"answer_consistency": 1.6667,
"answerability": 3,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "What are the main components of the innate immune response in invertebrates?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fewshot"
},
{
"... |
5730d597f6cb411900e244d6 | At the 1996 General Conference the ordination order of transitional deacon was abolished. This created new orders known as "provisional elder" or "provisional deacon" for those who seek to be ordained in the respective orders. The provisional elder/deacon is a seminary graduate who serves a two-three-year term in a full-time appointment after being commissioned. During this two or three-year period, the provisional elder is granted sacramental ministry in their local appointment. For the first time in its history non-ordained pastors became a normal expectation, rather than an extraordinary provision for ministry. | In what year was the ordination order of transitional deacon abolished? | 1996 | [
{
"answer_consistency": 3,
"answerability": 3,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "When was the ordination order of transitional deacon abolished?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fewshot"
},
{
"answer_consistency... |
572a019f3f37b31900478646 | The success of any pathogen depends on its ability to elude host immune responses. Therefore, pathogens evolved several methods that allow them to successfully infect a host, while evading detection or destruction by the immune system. Bacteria often overcome physical barriers by secreting enzymes that digest the barrier, for example, by using a type II secretion system. Alternatively, using a type III secretion system, they may insert a hollow tube into the host cell, providing a direct route for proteins to move from the pathogen to the host. These proteins are often used to shut down host defenses. | The success of pathogens is predicated on their ability to do what? | elude host immune responses | [
{
"answer_consistency": 1,
"answerability": 3,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "What is the goal of pathogens in evading host immune responses?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fewshot"
},
{
"answer_consistency... |
57274971708984140094dbbb | Although most are non-aligned, some of the best known independent schools also belong to the large, long-established religious foundations, such as the Anglican Church, Uniting Church and Presbyterian Church, but in most cases, they do not insist on their students’ religious allegiance. These schools are typically viewed as 'elite schools'. Many of the 'grammar schools' also fall in this category. They are usually expensive schools that tend to be up-market and traditional in style, some Catholic schools fall into this category as well, e.g. St Joseph's College, Gregory Terrace, Saint Ignatius' College, Riverview, St Gregory's College, Campbelltown, St Aloysius' College (Sydney) and St Joseph's College, Hunters Hill, as well as Loreto Kirribilli, Monte Sant Angelo Mercy College, St Ursula's College and Loreto Normanhurst for girls. | Along with the Anglican Church and Uniting Church, what religious denomination operates private schools in Australia? | Presbyterian Church | [
{
"answer_consistency": 1.6667,
"answerability": 2.6667,
"clarity": 2.6667,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "Which religious foundation do some of the best known independent schools belong to?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fewsho... |
572a0a686aef0514001551ee | Immunology is strongly experimental in everyday practice but is also characterized by an ongoing theoretical attitude. Many theories have been suggested in immunology from the end of the nineteenth century up to the present time. The end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century saw a battle between "cellular" and "humoral" theories of immunity. According to the cellular theory of immunity, represented in particular by Elie Metchnikoff, it was cells – more precisely, phagocytes – that were responsible for immune responses. In contrast, the humoral theory of immunity, held, among others, by Robert Koch and Emil von Behring, stated that the active immune agents were soluble components (molecules) found in the organism’s “humors” rather than its cells. | Under Elie Metchnikoff's cellular theory, what cells were responsible for immune response? | phagocytes | [
{
"answer_consistency": 1,
"answerability": 3,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "Who was responsible for the cellular theory of immunity?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fewshot"
},
{
"answer_consistency": 3,
... |
57273ef15951b619008f8752 | On May 1, 1953, ABC's New York City flagship stations – WJZ, WJZ-FM and WJZ-TV – changed their respective callsigns to WABC, WABC-FM and WABC-TV, and moved their operations to facilities at 7 West 66th Street, one block away from Central Park. The WABC call letters were previously used by the flagship station of CBS Radio (now WCBS (AM)) until 1946. The WJZ calls would later be reassigned to the then-ABC affiliate in Baltimore in 1959, in an historical nod to the fact that WJZ was originally established by the Baltimore station's owner at the time, Westinghouse. | Where did the ABC New York flagship stations move their facilities to in 1953? | 7 West 66th Street | [
{
"answer_consistency": 3,
"answerability": 3,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "Where did ABC's New York City flagship stations move to in 1953?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fewshot"
},
{
"answer_consistenc... |
57292994af94a219006aa133 | In the motor rallying arena, Kenya is home to the world famous Safari Rally, commonly acknowledged as one of the toughest rallies in the world. It was a part of the World Rally Championship for many years until its exclusion after the 2002 event owing to financial difficulties. Some of the best rally drivers in the world have taken part in and won the rally, such as Björn Waldegård, Hannu Mikkola, Tommi Mäkinen, Shekhar Mehta, Carlos Sainz and Colin McRae. Although the rally still runs annually as part of the Africa rally championship, the organisers are hoping to be allowed to rejoin the World Rally championship in the next couple of years. | Who are some of the best rally drivers that have won the rally? | Björn Waldegård, Hannu Mikkola, Tommi Mäkinen, Shekhar Mehta, Carlos Sainz and Colin McRae | [
{
"answer_consistency": 3,
"answerability": 3,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "Which famous rally drivers have won the Safari Rally in Kenya?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fewshot"
},
{
"answer_consistency"... |
572f59b4a23a5019007fc589 | The flow of cold, gray mountain water continues for some distance into the lake. The cold water flows near the surface and at first doesn't mix with the warmer, green waters of Upper Lake. But then, at the so-called Rheinbrech, the Rhine water abruptly falls into the depths because of the greater density of cold water. The flow reappears on the surface at the northern (German) shore of the lake, off the island of Lindau. The water then follows the northern shore until Hagnau am Bodensee. A small fraction of the flow is diverted off the island of Mainau into Lake Überlingen. Most of the water flows via the Constance hopper into the Rheinrinne ("Rhine Gutter") and Seerhein. Depending on the water level, this flow of the Rhine water is clearly visible along the entire length of the lake. | What is the Island off of the German shore of the Rhine that this warm and cold water meet? | Lindau | [
{
"answer_consistency": 2,
"answerability": 3,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "Where does the flow of the Rhine water reappear on the surface of the lake?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fewshot"
},
{
"answer... |
5730a97a396df9190009625c | On April 23, 1968, the United Methodist Church was created when the Evangelical United Brethren Church (represented by Bishop Reuben H. Mueller) and The Methodist Church (represented by Bishop Lloyd Christ Wicke) joined hands at the constituting General Conference in Dallas, Texas. With the words, "Lord of the Church, we are united in Thee, in Thy Church and now in The United Methodist Church" the new denomination was given birth by the two churches that had distinguished histories and influential ministries in various parts of the world. | Who was one man who joined hands and said"Lord of the Church, we are united in Thee...?" | Bishop Lloyd Christ Wicke | [
{
"answer_consistency": 3,
"answerability": 3,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "Who represented The Methodist Church at the constituting General Conference in 1968?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fewshot"
},
{
... |
572fbea404bcaa1900d76c5b | The debating chamber of the Scottish Parliament has seating arranged in a hemicycle, which reflects the desire to encourage consensus amongst elected members. There are 131 seats in the debating chamber. Of the total 131 seats, 129 are occupied by the Parliament's elected MSPs and 2 are seats for the Scottish Law Officers – the Lord Advocate and the Solicitor General for Scotland, who are not elected members of the Parliament but are members of the Scottish Government. As such the Law Officers may attend and speak in the plenary meetings of the Parliament but, as they are not elected MSPs, cannot vote. Members are able to sit anywhere in the debating chamber, but typically sit in their party groupings. The First Minister, Scottish cabinet ministers and Law officers sit in the front row, in the middle section of the chamber. The largest party in the Parliament sits in the middle of the semicircle, with opposing parties on either side. The Presiding Officer, parliamentary clerks and officials sit opposite members at the front of the debating chamber. | What is the seating arrangement of the debating chamber? | hemicycle | [
{
"answer_consistency": 3,
"answerability": 3,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "How is the seating arranged in the debating chamber of the Scottish Parliament?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fewshot"
},
{
"an... |
5727f16c3acd2414000df05b | In 2014, economists with the Standard & Poor's rating agency concluded that the widening disparity between the U.S.'s wealthiest citizens and the rest of the nation had slowed its recovery from the 2008-2009 recession and made it more prone to boom-and-bust cycles. To partially remedy the wealth gap and the resulting slow growth, S&P recommended increasing access to education. It estimated that if the average United States worker had completed just one more year of school, it would add an additional $105 billion in growth to the country's economy over five years. | What did Standard & Poor recommend to speed economy recovery? | increasing access to education | [
{
"answer_consistency": 3,
"answerability": 3,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "What did economists with Standard & Poor's recommend to remedy the wealth gap in the United States?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fewsh... |
572996c73f37b319004784b5 | Several public-key cryptography algorithms, such as RSA and the Diffie–Hellman key exchange, are based on large prime numbers (for example, 512-bit primes are frequently used for RSA and 1024-bit primes are typical for Diffie–Hellman.). RSA relies on the assumption that it is much easier (i.e., more efficient) to perform the multiplication of two (large) numbers x and y than to calculate x and y (assumed coprime) if only the product xy is known. The Diffie–Hellman key exchange relies on the fact that there are efficient algorithms for modular exponentiation, while the reverse operation the discrete logarithm is thought to be a hard problem. | How many bits are often in the primes used for RSA public key cryptography algorithms? | 512 | [
{
"answer_consistency": 3,
"answerability": 3,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "What is the typical size of prime numbers used in RSA encryption?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fewshot"
},
{
"answer_consisten... |
5727e8424b864d1900163fc0 | According to PolitiFact the top 400 richest Americans "have more wealth than half of all Americans combined." According to the New York Times on July 22, 2014, the "richest 1 percent in the United States now own more wealth than the bottom 90 percent". Inherited wealth may help explain why many Americans who have become rich may have had a "substantial head start". In September 2012, according to the Institute for Policy Studies, "over 60 percent" of the Forbes richest 400 Americans "grew up in substantial privilege". | How many Americans are richer than more than half of all citizens? | 400 | [
{
"answer_consistency": 3,
"answerability": 3,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 1.3333,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "How many Americans make up the top 400 richest individuals in the country?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fewshot"
},
{
"an... |
5729293d3f37b319004780a2 | Kenya has been a dominant force in women's volleyball within Africa, with both the clubs and the national team winning various continental championships in the past decade.[citation needed] The women's team has competed at the Olympics and World Championships but without any notable success. Cricket is another popular and the most successful team sport. Kenya has competed in the Cricket World Cup since 1996. They upset some of the World's best teams and reached semi-finals of the 2003 tournament. They won the inaugural World Cricket League Division 1 hosted in Nairobi and participated in the World T20. Their current captain is Rakep Patel. They participated in the ICC Cricket World Cup 2011. Kenya is represented by Lucas Onyango as a professional rugby league player who plays with Oldham Roughyeds. Besides the former European Super League team, he has played for Widnes Vikings and rugby union with Sale Sharks. Rugby union is increasing in popularity, especially with the annual Safari Sevens tournament. Kenya sevens team ranked 9th in IRB Sevens World Series for the 2006 season. Kenya was also a regional powerhouse in soccer. However, its dominance has been eroded by wrangles within the now defunct Kenya Football Federation, leading to a suspension by FIFA which was lifted in March 2007. | Who is the current captian of the cricket team? | Rakep Patel | [
{
"answer_consistency": 3,
"answerability": 3,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "Who is the current captain of the Kenyan cricket team?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fewshot"
},
{
"answer_consistency": 3,
... |
57277de9dd62a815002e9ea4 | The network has the unusual distinction of having separately owned and operated affiliates which serve the same market in Tampa, Florida (WFTS-TV and WWSB) and Grand Rapids, Michigan (WZZM and WOTV), with an analogous situation arising in Kansas City, Missouri (KMBC-TV and KQTV). KQTV is licensed to St. Joseph, Missouri, which is designated by Nielsen as a separate market from Kansas City despite being located within 55 miles (89 km) of one another, while WWSB and WOTV serve areas that do not receive an adequate signal from their market's primary ABC affiliate (in the case of WWSB, this dates back to when WTSP was Tampa's primary ABC affiliate prior to 1994, with the former being necessitated to serve the southern part of the Tampa market including the station's city of license, Sarasota, due to WTSP's transmitter being short-spaced to avoid interfering with the analog signal of Miami affiliate WPLG – which like WTSP, broadcast on VHF channel 10). | What are the two ABC affiliates for Tampa, Florida? | WFTS-TV and WWSB | [
{
"answer_consistency": 3,
"answerability": 3,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "Which two stations serve the same market in Tampa, Florida?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fewshot"
},
{
"answer_consistency": 1... |
5729729a1d0469140077948f | Not all cells in a multicellular plant contain chloroplasts. All green parts of a plant contain chloroplasts—the chloroplasts, or more specifically, the chlorophyll in them are what make the photosynthetic parts of a plant green. The plant cells which contain chloroplasts are usually parenchyma cells, though chloroplasts can also be found in collenchyma tissue. A plant cell which contains chloroplasts is known as a chlorenchyma cell. A typical chlorenchyma cell of a land plant contains about 10 to 100 chloroplasts. | What is a chlorenchyma cell? | A plant cell which contains chloroplasts | [
{
"answer_consistency": 3,
"answerability": 3,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "What is a chlorenchyma cell?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fewshot"
},
{
"answer_consistency": 3,
"answerability": 3,
"... |
572a02483f37b3190047864b | In the mid-1950s, Frank Burnet, inspired by a suggestion made by Niels Jerne, formulated the clonal selection theory (CST) of immunity. On the basis of CST, Burnet developed a theory of how an immune response is triggered according to the self/nonself distinction: "self" constituents (constituents of the body) do not trigger destructive immune responses, while "nonself" entities (pathogens, an allograft) trigger a destructive immune response. The theory was later modified to reflect new discoveries regarding histocompatibility or the complex "two-signal" activation of T cells. The self/nonself theory of immunity and the self/nonself vocabulary have been criticized, but remain very influential. | Who formulated the idea of clonal selection theory of immunity? | Frank Burnet | [
{
"answer_consistency": 3,
"answerability": 3,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "Who formulated the clonal selection theory of immunity?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fewshot"
},
{
"answer_consistency": 3,
... |
572ff07304bcaa1900d76ef9 | The Rhine is the longest river in Germany. It is here that the Rhine encounters some more of its main tributaries, such as the Neckar, the Main and, later, the Moselle, which contributes an average discharge of more than 300 m3/s (11,000 cu ft/s). Northeastern France drains to the Rhine via the Moselle; smaller rivers drain the Vosges and Jura Mountains uplands. Most of Luxembourg and a very small part of Belgium also drain to the Rhine via the Moselle. As it approaches the Dutch border, the Rhine has an annual mean discharge of 2,290 m3/s (81,000 cu ft/s) and an average width of 400 m (1,300 ft). | How much does the Rhine discharge at the Dutch border? | 2,290 m3/s | [
{
"answer_consistency": 3,
"answerability": 3,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "What is the annual mean discharge of the Rhine near the Dutch border?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fewshot"
},
{
"answer_consi... |
5726f2375951b619008f830f | Pharmacy informatics is the combination of pharmacy practice science and applied information science. Pharmacy informaticists work in many practice areas of pharmacy, however, they may also work in information technology departments or for healthcare information technology vendor companies. As a practice area and specialist domain, pharmacy informatics is growing quickly to meet the needs of major national and international patient information projects and health system interoperability goals. Pharmacists in this area are trained to participate in medication management system development, deployment and optimization. | What two things does pharmacy informatics bring together? | pharmacy practice science and applied information science | [
{
"answer_consistency": 3,
"answerability": 3,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "What two fields are combined in pharmacy informatics?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fewshot"
},
{
"answer_consistency": 3,
... |
572975a3af94a219006aa467 | The Calvin cycle starts by using the enzyme Rubisco to fix CO2 into five-carbon Ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP) molecules. The result is unstable six-carbon molecules that immediately break down into three-carbon molecules called 3-phosphoglyceric acid, or 3-PGA. The ATP and NADPH made in the light reactions is used to convert the 3-PGA into glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate, or G3P sugar molecules. Most of the G3P molecules are recycled back into RuBP using energy from more ATP, but one out of every six produced leaves the cycle—the end product of the dark reactions. | What do unstable 6-carbon molecules become? | three-carbon molecules called 3-phosphoglyceric acid | [
{
"answer_consistency": 3,
"answerability": 3,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "What are the three-carbon molecules called that are produced in the Calvin cycle?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fewshot"
},
{
"... |
5730ac782461fd1900a9cf75 | Not a maritime power, and not a nation-state, as it would eventually become, Germany’s participation in Western imperialism was negligible until the late 19th century. The participation of Austria was primarily as a result of Habsburg control of the First Empire, the Spanish throne, and other royal houses.[further explanation needed] After the defeat of Napoleon, who caused the dissolution of that Holy Roman Empire, Prussia and the German states continued to stand aloof from imperialism, preferring to manipulate the European system through the Concert of Europe. After Prussia unified the other states into the second German Empire after the Franco-German War, its long-time Chancellor, Otto von Bismarck (1862–90), long opposed colonial acquisitions, arguing that the burden of obtaining, maintaining, and defending such possessions would outweigh any potential benefits. He felt that colonies did not pay for themselves, that the German bureaucratic system would not work well in the tropics and the diplomatic disputes over colonies would distract Germany from its central interest, Europe itself. | When was the the second German empire founded? | after the Franco-German War | [
{
"answer_consistency": 3,
"answerability": 3,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "When did Prussia unify the other German states into the second German Empire?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fewshot"
},
{
"answ... |
5733f1784776f41900661575 | Even before Washington returned, Dinwiddie had sent a company of 40 men under William Trent to that point, where in the early months of 1754 they began construction of a small stockaded fort. Governor Duquesne sent additional French forces under Claude-Pierre Pecaudy de Contrecœur to relieve Saint-Pierre during the same period, and Contrecœur led 500 men south from Fort Venango on April 5, 1754. When these forces arrived at the fort on April 16, Contrecœur generously allowed Trent's small company to withdraw. He purchased their construction tools to continue building what became Fort Duquesne. | How many men did Duquesne send to relieve Saint-Pierre? | 40 | [
{
"answer_consistency": 3,
"answerability": 3,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "How many men did Dinwiddie send to begin construction of the fort?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fewshot"
},
{
"answer_consiste... |
5728fea1af94a219006a9ef6 | Throughout the centuries, the Kenyan Coast has played host to many merchants and explorers. Among the cities that line the Kenyan coast is the City of Malindi. It has remained an important Swahili settlement since the 14th century and once rivalled Mombasa for dominance in the African Great Lakes region. Malindi has traditionally been a friendly port city for foreign powers. In 1414, the Chinese trader and explorer Zheng He representing the Ming Dynasty visited the East African coast on one of his last 'treasure voyages'. Malindi authorities welcomed the Portuguese explorer Vasco da Gama in 1498. | What is an important Swahili settlement along the coast? | City of Malindi | [
{
"answer_consistency": 3,
"answerability": 3,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "Which city in Kenya welcomed the Portuguese explorer Vasco da Gama in 1498?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fewshot"
},
{
"answer... |
57300a25a23a5019007fcc9b | Since the Peace of Westphalia, the Upper Rhine formed a contentious border between France and Germany. Establishing "natural borders" on the Rhine was a long-term goal of French foreign policy, since the Middle Ages, though the language border was – and is – far more to the west. French leaders, such as Louis XIV and Napoleon Bonaparte, tried with varying degrees of success to annex lands west of the Rhine. The Confederation of the Rhine was established by Napoleon, as a French client state, in 1806 and lasted until 1814, during which time it served as a significant source of resources and military manpower for the First French Empire. In 1840, the Rhine crisis, prompted by French prime minister Adolphe Thiers's desire to reinstate the Rhine as a natural border, led to a diplomatic crisis and a wave of nationalism in Germany. | When was the Rhine crisis? | 1840 | [
{
"answer_consistency": 3,
"answerability": 3,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "When did the Rhine crisis occur?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fewshot"
},
{
"answer_consistency": 3,
"answerability": 3,
... |
5726acc1f1498d1400e8e6ca | As Jamukha and Temüjin drifted apart in their friendship, each began consolidating power, and soon became rivals. Jamukha supported the traditional Mongolian aristocracy, while Temüjin followed a meritocratic method, and attracted a broader, though lower class, range of followers. Due to his earlier defeat of the Merkits, and a proclamation by the shaman Kokochu that the Eternal Blue Sky had set aside the world for Temüjin, Temüjin began rising to power. In 1186, Temüjin was elected khan of the Mongols. However, Jamukha, threatened by Temüjin's rapid ascent, quickly moved to stop Temüjin's ambitions. In 1187, he launched an attack against his former friend with an army of thirty thousand troops. Temüjin hastily gathered together his followers to defend against the attack, but he was decisively beaten in the Battle of Dalan Balzhut. Jamukha horrified people greatly and harmed his image by boiling seventy young male captives alive in cauldrons, alienating many of his potential followers and eliciting sympathy for Temüjin. Toghrul, as Temüjin's patron, was exiled to the Qara Khitai. The life of Temüjin for the next ten years is very unclear, as historical records are mostly silent on that period. | Who did Jamukha support that were not part of Temüjin's power base? | the traditional Mongolian aristocracy | [
{
"answer_consistency": 3,
"answerability": 3,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "Who did Jamukha support during his rivalry with Temüjin?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fewshot"
},
{
"answer_consistency": 3,
... |
5730c8a1f6cb411900e2449c | Decisions in-between the four-year meetings are made by the Mission Council (usually consisting of church bishops). One of the most high profile decisions in recent years by one of the councils was a decision by the Mission Council of the South Central Jurisdiction which in March 2007 approved a 99-year lease of 36 acres (150,000 m2) at Southern Methodist University for the George W. Bush Presidential Library. The decision generated controversy in light of Bush's support of the Iraq War which the church bishops have criticized. A debate over whether the decision should or could be submitted for approval by the Southern Jurisdictional Conference at its July 2008 meeting in Dallas, Texas, remains unresolved. | Who makes decisions in between the four-year meetings? | Mission Council | [
{
"answer_consistency": 3,
"answerability": 3,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "Who makes decisions in-between the four-year meetings of the church?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fewshot"
},
{
"answer_consis... |
5727f44c2ca10214002d9a33 | Doctor Who first appeared on BBC TV at 17:16:20 GMT, eighty seconds after the scheduled programme time, 5:15 pm, on Saturday, 23 November 1963. It was to be a regular weekly programme, each episode 25 minutes of transmission length. Discussions and plans for the programme had been in progress for a year. The head of drama, Canadian Sydney Newman, was mainly responsible for developing the programme, with the first format document for the series being written by Newman along with the head of the script department (later head of serials) Donald Wilson and staff writer C. E. Webber. Writer Anthony Coburn, story editor David Whitaker and initial producer Verity Lambert also heavily contributed to the development of the series.[note 1] The programme was originally intended to appeal to a family audience, as an educational programme using time travel as a means to explore scientific ideas and famous moments in history. On 31 July 1963 Whitaker commissioned Terry Nation to write a story under the title The Mutants. As originally written, the Daleks and Thals were the victims of an alien neutron bomb attack but Nation later dropped the aliens and made the Daleks the aggressors. When the script was presented to Newman and Wilson it was immediately rejected as the programme was not permitted to contain any "bug-eyed monsters". The first serial had been completed and the BBC believed it was crucial that the next one be a success, but The Mutants was the only script ready to go, so the show had little choice but to use it. According to producer Verity Lambert; "We didn't have a lot of choice — we only had the Dalek serial to go ... We had a bit of a crisis of confidence because Donald [Wilson] was so adamant that we shouldn't make it. Had we had anything else ready we would have made that." Nation's script became the second Doctor Who serial – The Daleks (a.k.a. The Mutants). The serial introduced the eponymous aliens that would become the series' most popular monsters, and was responsible for the BBC's first merchandising boom. | What creatures were the most popular monsters in the series? | The Daleks (a.k.a. The Mutants) | [
{
"answer_consistency": 3,
"answerability": 3,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "What was the second Doctor Who serial called?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fewshot"
},
{
"answer_consistency": 3,
"answera... |
572837402ca10214002da0f4 | Since the creation of the Doctor Who character by BBC Television in the early 1960s, a myriad of stories have been published about Doctor Who, in different media: apart from the actual television episodes that continue to be produced by the BBC, there have also been novels, comics, short stories, audio books, radio plays, interactive video games, game books, webcasts, DVD extras, and even stage performances. In this respect it is noteworthy that the BBC takes no position on the canonicity of any of such stories, and producers of the show have expressed distaste for the idea. | When was Doctor Who created? | the early 1960s | [
{
"answer_consistency": 3,
"answerability": 3,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "When was the Doctor Who character created by BBC Television?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fewshot"
},
{
"answer_consistency": ... |
57281bb84b864d190016449a | Much of the city's tax base dissipated, leading to problems with funding education, sanitation, and traffic control within the city limits. In addition, residents in unincorporated suburbs had difficulty obtaining municipal services, such as sewage and building code enforcement. In 1958, a study recommended that the city of Jacksonville begin annexing outlying communities in order to create the needed tax base to improve services throughout the county. Voters outside the city limits rejected annexation plans in six referendums between 1960 and 1965. | What was the cause for the issues with city funding? | Much of the city's tax base dissipated | [
{
"answer_consistency": 1,
"answerability": 3,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "What were some of the consequences of the city's tax base dissipating?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fewshot"
},
{
"answer_cons... |
5726edecdd62a815002e957f | Of particular concern with Internet pharmacies is the ease with which people, youth in particular, can obtain controlled substances (e.g., Vicodin, generically known as hydrocodone) via the Internet without a prescription issued by a doctor/practitioner who has an established doctor-patient relationship. There are many instances where a practitioner issues a prescription, brokered by an Internet server, for a controlled substance to a "patient" s/he has never met.[citation needed] In the United States, in order for a prescription for a controlled substance to be valid, it must be issued for a legitimate medical purpose by a licensed practitioner acting in the course of legitimate doctor-patient relationship. The filling pharmacy has a corresponding responsibility to ensure that the prescription is valid. Often, individual state laws outline what defines a valid patient-doctor relationship. | What conditions must be met for a prescription for a controlled substance to be valid? | it must be issued for a legitimate medical purpose by a licensed practitioner acting in the course of legitimate doctor-patient relationship | [
{
"answer_consistency": 3,
"answerability": 3,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "What are the requirements for a prescription to be valid for a controlled substance in the United States?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo... |
5726caaaf1498d1400e8eb60 | The first attempts to internationalize the ABC television network date back to the 1950s, after Leonard Goldenson, following the United Paramount Theatres model, tried to use on ABC the same strategies he had made in expanding UPT's theater operation to the international market. Leonard Goldenson said that ABC's first international activity was broadcasting the coronation of Queen Elizabeth II in June 1953; CBS and NBC were unable to cover the coronation live due to respective issues with technical problems and flight delays. NBC's plane landed in Latin America[where?], leading ABC to learn of subsidiaries in that region. Goldenson tried international investing, having ABC invest in the Latin American market, acquiring a 51% interest in a network covering Central America. Goldenson also cited interest in Japan in the early 1950s, acquiring a 5% stake in two new domestic networks, the Mainichi Broadcasting System in 1951 and Nihon Educational Television in 1957. Goldenson also invested in broadcasting properties in Beirut in the mid-1960s. | Why was CBS unable to broadcast the coronation of Queen Elizabeth II? | technical problems and flight delays | [
{
"answer_consistency": 3,
"answerability": 3,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "What were the reasons that CBS and NBC were unable to cover the coronation of Queen Elizabeth II live?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fe... |
5728e5224b864d1900165035 | Civil disobedients have chosen a variety of different illegal acts. Bedau writes, "There is a whole class of acts, undertaken in the name of civil disobedience, which, even if they were widely practiced, would in themselves constitute hardly more than a nuisance (e.g. trespassing at a nuclear-missile installation)...Such acts are often just a harassment and, at least to the bystander, somewhat inane...The remoteness of the connection between the disobedient act and the objectionable law lays such acts open to the charge of ineffectiveness and absurdity." Bedau also notes, though, that the very harmlessness of such entirely symbolic illegal protests toward public policy goals may serve a propaganda purpose. Some civil disobedients, such as the proprietors of illegal medical cannabis dispensaries and Voice in the Wilderness, which brought medicine to Iraq without the permission of the U.S. Government, directly achieve a desired social goal (such as the provision of medication to the sick) while openly breaking the law. Julia Butterfly Hill lived in Luna, a 180-foot (55 m)-tall, 600-year-old California Redwood tree for 738 days, successfully preventing it from being cut down. | What type of goals are usually done skirting the law? | social goal | [
{
"answer_consistency": 2,
"answerability": 2.6667,
"clarity": 2.6667,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "What is the purpose of some civil disobedient acts that are considered a nuisance?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fewshot"
}... |
572917ff6aef051400154a5f | Kenya's services sector, which contributes 61% of GDP, is dominated by tourism. The tourism sector has exhibited steady growth in most years since independence and by the late 1980s had become the country's principal source of foreign exchange. Tourists, the largest number being from Germany and the United Kingdom, are attracted mainly to the coastal beaches and the game reserves, notably, the expansive East and West Tsavo National Park 20,808 square kilometres (8,034 sq mi) in the southeast. Tourism has seen a substantial revival over the past several years and is the major contributor to the pick-up in the country's economic growth. Tourism is now Kenya's largest foreign exchange earning sector, followed by flowers, tea, and coffee. In 2006 tourism generated US$803 million, up from US$699 million the previous year. Presently, there are also numerous Shopping Malls in Kenya. In addition, there are four main hypermarket chains in Kenya. | What is the service sector dominated by? | tourism | [
{
"answer_consistency": 3,
"answerability": 3,
"clarity": 3,
"conciseness": 3,
"consistency": 3,
"fluency": 3,
"prediction": "What is the largest contributor to Kenya's foreign exchange earnings?",
"relevance": 3,
"source": "SQuAD_GPT-3.5-turbo_fewshot"
},
{
"answer_consi... |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.