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'''Dynamic programming''' is a method of solving problems, which is used in computer science, mathematics and economics. Using this method, a complex problem is split into simpler problems, which are then solved. At the end, the solutions of the simpler problems are used to find the solution of the original complex pr...
In computer science, a '''linked list''' is a data structure that is a linear collection of items whose order is not given by their physical placement in memory. Instead, each item links to the next item. The last item links to a terminator used to mark the end of the list. ==Types of linked lists== ===Singly linked ...
| apoapsis = | semimajor = )}} | eccentricity = 0.054 9 | period = | synodic_period = | avg_speed = 1.022 km/s | inclination = 5.145° to the ecliptic(between 18.29° and 28.58° to Earth's equator) | asc_node = regressing by one revolution in 18.6 years | arg_peri = progressing by one revolution in 8.85 years | sa...
| latest preview version = | latest preview date = | programming language = C, C++ | operating system = Cross-platform | language = English | genre = Relational database management system | license = GNU General Public License or proprietary EULA | website ...
thumb|300px|W3sDesign Interpreter Design Pattern [[Unified Modeling Language |UML]] In computing, an '''interpreter''' is software that executes source code without first compiling it to machine code. An interpreted runtime environment differs from one that processes CPU-native executable code which requires translati...
In database theory, the '''CAP theorem''', also named '''Brewer's theorem''' after computer scientist Eric Brewer, states that any distributed data store can provide at most two of the following three guarantees: ; Consistency: Every read receives the most recent write or an error. Consistency means that all clients se...
'''NoSQL''' (originally meaning "not only SQL" or "non-relational")http://nosql-database.org/ "NoSQL DEFINITION: Next Generation Databases mostly addressing some of the points : being non-relational, distributed, open-source and horizontally scalable". refers to a type of database design that stores and retrieves data ...
thumb|Girl looking scared, suffering from anxiety '''Anxiety''' is distress or uneasiness of mind caused by a fear of danger or misfortune. Define Anxiety at Dictionary.com|access-date=2018-05-05}} Very often, people with anxiety also feel worries. There can also be physical symptoms, like having a headache or an ups...
'''Linear algebra''' is a branch of mathematics. It came from mathematicians trying to solve systems of linear equations. Vectors and matrices are used to solve these systems. The main objects of study currently are vector spaces and linear mappings between vector spaces. Linear algebra is useful in other branches of m...
thumb|[[Jean-Paul Sartre (1905–1980), one of the main existentialist philosophers]] '''Existentialism''' is a way of thinking that focuses on what it means for people to exist. It is a philosophical movement. It became well known in books and movies of the 19th and 20th centuries. Existentialism is known for dealing w...
thumb|upright=1.3|[[Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 29|P. Oxy. 29, one of the oldest surviving fragments of Euclid's ''Elements'', a textbook used for millennia to teach proof-writing techniques. The diagram accompanies Book II, Proposition 5.]]A '''mathematical proof''' is a way to show that a mathematical theorem is true. To pro...
| olympic = 1896 | world = 1973 | paralympic = 1960 }} '''Swimming''' is an individual or team racing sport that requires the use of one's entire body to move through water. The sport takes place in pools or open water (e.g., in a sea or lake). Competitive swimming is one of the most popular Olympic sports, wi...
thumb|right|upright=1.5|Animated map showing the continent codes.    North America    South America    Antarctica    Africa    Europe    Asia    Oceania A '''continent''' is a large area of the land on Earth that is joined. There are no strict rules for what land is considered a continent, but in general the Earth is...
'''Partial differential equations''' (abbreviated as PDEs) are a kind of mathematical equation. They are related to partial derivatives, in that obtaining an antiderivative of a partial derivative involves integration of partial differential equations. ==Numerical methods== Since PDEs have appeared in mathematics and ...
thumb|A hairpin loop from a pre-mRNA. Highlighted are the [[nucleobases (green) and the ribose-phosphate backbone (blue). This is a single strand of RNA that folds back upon itself. ]] '''RNA''' is an acronym for '''ribonucleic acid''', a nucleic acid. Many different kinds are now known.Only the most important are desc...
'''Chi-squared test''' (or \Chi^2 test) is a statistical hypothesis test. It usually tests the hypothesis that "the experimental data does not differ from untreated data". That is a null hypothesis. The distribution of the test statistic is a chi-squared distribution when the null hypothesis is true. The test results ...
In mathematics and mathematical logic, '''Boolean algebra''' is a branch of algebra. It differs from elementary algebra in two ways. First, the values of the variables are the truth values ''true'' and ''false'', usually denoted by 1 and 0, whereas in elementary algebra the values of the variables are numbers. Second, ...
thumb|The human nervous system thumb|right|Illustration of how [[pain travels to the brain, from René Descartes's ''Treatise of Man'']] The '''nervous system''' is a body system which sends signals around the body. It lets animals respond to what is around them. The ''central nervous system'' is the brain and the spin...
}} A '''mean''' is a quantity representing the "center" of a collection of numbers and is intermediate to the extreme values of the set of numbers. There are several kinds of '''means''' (or "measures of central tendency") in mathematics, especially in statistics. Each attempts to summarize or typify a given group of d...
thumb|An opened [[nautilus shell. Its chambers make a logarithmic spiral]] '''Logarithms''' or '''logs''' are a part of mathematics. They are related to exponential functions. A logarithm tells what exponent (or power) is needed to make a certain number, so logarithms are one of the inverse operations of exponentiation...
| subunit_name_1 = millibitcoin | subunit_ratio_2 = }} | subunit_name_2 = microbitcoin | subunit_ratio_3 = }} | subunit_name_3 = | plural = bitcoins | symbol = ₿ (Unicode: ) in the Currency Symbols block in June 2017.}} | code = BTC, XBT | implementations = Bitcoin Core | initial_release_version = 0.1.0 | initial_rele...
In computer science, '''functional programming''' is a programming paradigm where programs are constructed by applying and composing functions. It is a declarative programming paradigm in which function definitions are trees of expressions that map values to other values, rather than a sequence of imperative statements...
'''pH''' is a scale of acidity from 0 to 14. It tells how acidic or alkaline a substance is. More acidic solutions have lower pH. More alkaline solutions have higher pH. Substances that aren't acidic or alkaline (that is, neutral solutions) usually have a pH of 7. Acids have a pH that is less than 7. Alkalis have a pH...
}} thumb|315px|A data structure known as a [[hash table.]] In computer science, a '''data structure''' is a way to organize and store data that is usually chosen for efficient access to data. More precisely, a data structure is the physical implementation of a data type, including specifications of the data organizati...
}} () |Result = * Abolition of the French monarchy * Establishment of a secular and democratic republic that became increasingly authoritarian and militaristic * Radical social change based on liberalism and other Enlightenment principles * Rise of Napoleon Bonaparte * Armed conflicts with other European countries ...
thumb|BFS on [[Maze-solving algorithm]] thumb|187px|Top part of [[Tic-tac-toe game tree]] '''Breadth-first search''' ('''BFS''') is an algorithm for searching a tree data structure for a node that satisfies a given property. It starts at the tree root and explores all nodes at the present depth prior to moving on to th...
thumb|200px|Chemistry is the science of [[chemical elements and compounds]] '''Chemistry''' is the science that studies what everything is made of and how it changes. It looks at matter, which is anything that takes up space. Chemistry tries to understand how matter is built, how it behaves, and how it can change. Che...
'''International law''', also called '''public international law''', is a set of laws used when there is a conflict between countries. These help set standards for human rights and global relations. Since there is no completely agreed authority to enforce it, the rules are suggestions for nations to follow. Private In...
thumb|240px|The price (P) of a product is determined by a balance between production at each price (supply, S) and the desires of those with [[purchasing power at each price (demand, D). The diagram shows a positive shift in demand from D1 to D2, resulting in an increase in price and quantity sold (Q) of the product.]]...
thumb|A modern kit to vaccinate against smallpox A '''vaccine''' is a biological preparation. It is given to prevent a specific infectious or malignant disease. It only works against the microorganism for which it is prepared. It is usually given by injection, and called vaccination. right|350px|[[James Gillray, ''Th...
thumb|upright|[[Stephen Cole Kleene, introduced the concept in 1951]] A '''regular expression''' (abbreviated '''regexp''' or '''regex''') is a way to describe sets of characters using syntactic rules. Many programming languages use or support regular expressions. A regular expression is then used by a special program ...
In computer science, a '''binary tree''' is a type of tree (data structure) where each item within the tree has at most two children. ==Types of binary trees== alt=|thumb|A complete binary tree which is not full. * In a '''balanced binary tree''' the left and right branches of every item differ in height by no more t...
thumb|300px|right|A [[planar graph and its minimum spanning tree. Each edge is labeled with its weight, which here is roughly proportional to its length.]] A '''minimum spanning tree''' ('''MST''') or '''minimum weight spanning tree''' is a subset of the edges of a connected, edge-weighted undirected graph that connect...
| developer = Junio Hamano and others | released = | latest release version = | latest release date = | latest preview version = | latest preview date = | programming language = C, Shell, Perl, Tcl | operating system = POSIX (Linux, macOS, Solaris, AIX), Windows | size ...
A '''design pattern''' is the re-usable form of a solution to a design problem. The idea was introduced by the architect Christopher Alexander and has been adapted for various other disciplines, particularly software engineering. The "Gang of Four" book. == Details == An organized collection of design patterns that r...
}}: "Historians do not fully agree on its starting and ending points, but the period is generally considered to span from the announcement of the Truman Doctrine on 12 March 1947 to the dissolution of the Soviet Union on 26 December 1991."}} () | above = Cold War | abovestyle = background-color:#C3D6EF...
}} | date = ) ---- |25 June 1950 – present (''de jure'')()}} | place = | territory = Korean Demilitarized Zone established * North Korea gains the city of Kaesong, but loses a net total of , including the city of Sokcho, to South Korea | result = Inconclusive | combatant1 = | combatant1a = * * ...
''Re:Gex''}} thumb|upright=1.5| A '''regular expression''' (shortened as '''regex''' or '''regexp'''), sometimes referred to as a '''rational expression''', is a sequence of characters that specifies a match pattern in text. Usually such patterns are used by string-searching algorithms for "find" or "find and replace...
thumb|upright=1.35|A graphical interface similar to one from the late 1980s, which features a graphical window for a [[man page, a shaped window (oclock) as well as several iconified windows. In the lower right we can see a terminal emulator running a Unix shell, in which the user can type commands as if they were sitt...
In finance, '''Investment''' or '''investing''' means that an asset is bought, or that money is put into a bank to get a future interest from it. Investment is total amount of money spent by a shareholder in buying shares of a company. In economic management sciences, investments means longer-term savings. It is a ter...
thumb|right|250px|The [[Great Sphinx of Giza and Khafre's pyramid]] thumb|right|250px|Landmarks of Ancient Egypt thumb|right|200px|A typical Naqada II jar decorated with gazelles. (Predynastic Period) thumb '''Ancient Egypt''' was a society that began around 3150 BC"Chronology". Digital Egypt for Universities, Universi...
thumb|A plot of [[normal distribution (or bell-shaped curve) where each band has a width of 1 standard deviation–See also: 68–95–99.7 rule.]] thumb|[[Cumulative distribution function of a normal distribution with expected value 0 and standard deviation 1]] In statistics, the '''standard deviation''' is a measure of th...
| year = | designer = Robert GriesemerRob PikeKen Thompson | developer = The Go Authors | latest release version = | latest release date = }} | latest_test_version = | latest_test_date = --> | typing = Inferred, static, strong, structural, nominal | implementations = gc, gofrontend | programming language = Go, Assem...
In computer science, '''depth-first search (DFS)''' is a method used for traversing a graph. It starts at an arbitrary item of a graph and explores as far as possible along each branch before backtracking. thumb|Animated example of a depth-first search within a tree. ==Implementation== ===Recursive=== void depthFir...
thumb|Approximating different "square" functions using fourier series Joseph Fourier said that it is possible to use sine waves to approximate another function. This is a series in the mathematical sense. This theory can be generalized to the Fourier transform. Mathematical analysis of these functions is called Fourier...
thumb|250px|The [[Tree of life (biology)|tree of life showing the three domains of life on Earth]] '''Evolution''' is a biological process. It is how living things change over time and how new species develop. The theory of evolution explains how evolution works, and how living and extinct things have come to be the w...
'''Backtracking''' is a class of algorithms for finding solutions to some computational problems, notably constraint satisfaction or enumeration problems, that incrementally builds candidates to the solutions, and abandons a candidate ("backtracks") as soon as it determines that the candidate cannot possibly be complet...
In probability theory, the '''central limit theorem''' ('''CLT''') states that, under appropriate conditions, the distribution of a normalized version of the sample mean converges to a standard normal distribution. This holds even if the original variables themselves are not normally distributed. There are several vers...
The '''Laplace transform''' is a way to turn functions into other functions in order to do certain calculations more easily. This way of turning functions to other functions is very similar to U Substitution. The aim of this change is to be able to turn the hard work of integration into a simple algebraic addition and ...
}} corresponds to length of the keys. corresponds to number of the keys. | invented_year = 1960 | space_avg = | space_worst = | search_avg = | search_worst = | insert_avg = | insert_worst = | delete_avg = | delete_worst = | type = Tree }} thumb|250px|A trie for keys "A", "to", "tea", "ted", "ten", "i", "in",...
thumb|Flowchart of using successive subtractions to find the [[greatest common divisor of number ''r'' and ''s''|alt=In a loop, subtract the larger number against the smaller number. Halt the loop when the subtraction will make a number negative. Assess two numbers, whether one of them is equal to zero or not. If yes, ...
thumb|The [[Milky Way as seen from La Silla Observatory]] '''Astronomy''' is the scientific study of celestial bodies. It is a major branch of space science. Stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets and nebulae are studied, as are supernovae explosions, gamma ray bursts, and cosmic microwave background radia...
thumb|250px|Gregor Reisch, ''Logic presents its main themes''. ''Margarita Philosophica'', 1503 or 1508. In the engraving, two dogs named ''veritas'' (truth) and ''falsitas'' (falsehood) chase a rabbit named ''problema'' (problem). Logic runs behind the dogs, armed with the sword ''syllogismus'' (syllogism). In the bot...
In mathematics, '''exponentiation''' ('''power''') is an arithmetic operation on numbers. It can be thought of as repeated multiplication, just as multiplication can be thought of as repeated addition. In general, given two numbers x and y, the exponentiation of x and y can be written as x^y, and read as "x raised to...
| discontinued = | latest release version = | latest release date = | latest preview version = | programming language = Go | operating system = Linux, Windows, macOS | platform = x86-64, ARM, s390x, ppc64le | language = | genre = OS-level virtualization | license = }} }} thumb|Former logo '''Docker''' is a set of...
|space_worst= |search_avg= |search_worst= |insert_avg= |insert_worst= |delete_avg= |delete_worst= }} right|upright=0.8|thumb|Fig. 1: A binary search tree of size 9 and depth 3, with 8 at the root. In computer science, a '''binary search tree''' ('''BST'''), also called an '''ordered''' or '''sorted binary tree''', is...
'''Insertion sort''' is a simple sorting algorithm that builds the final sorted array (or list) one item at a time by comparisons. It is much less efficient on large lists than more advanced algorithms such as quicksort, heapsort, or merge sort. However, insertion sort provides several advantages: * Simple implementat...
right|thumb|350px|The [[normal distribution, often called the "bell curve"]] '''Probability distribution''' is a term from mathematics. Suppose there are many events with random outcomes. A probability distribution is the theoretical counterpart to the frequency distribution. A frequency distribution simply shows how m...
''Machine Learning'' (journal)}} '''Machine learning''' ('''ML''') is a field of study in artificial intelligence concerned with the development and study of statistical algorithms that can learn from data and generalize to unseen data, and thus perform tasks without being explicitly programmed.}} Advances in the fiel...
}} | icon = | screenshot = | extension = .html, .htm | mime = text/html | type code = TEXT | uniform type = public.html | owner = World Wide Web Consortium & WHATWG | genre = Markup language | container for = | contained by = | extended from = SGML | extended to = XHTML | standard = ISO/IEC 15445[http://www.w3.org/TR...
frame|A linked list is a sequence of nodes that contain two fields: data (an integer value here as an example) and a link to the next node. The last node is linked to a terminator used to signify the end of the list. In computer science, a '''linked list''' is a linear collection of data elements whose order is not giv...
'''CSS''' is an abbreviation. It can stand for the following: * Cascading Style Sheets, a technology to make HTML look better * The Chinese Space Station, a planned space station in low earth orbit * Content Scrambling System, a way to make it harder to copy DVDs * Counter-Strike Source, an online first person shooter ...
thumb|Electronic sports '''Esports''' (short for '''electronic sports''') is a term for video games that are played competitively. Popular electronic sports games are ''Counter-Strike'', ''League of Legends'', ''Warcraft'', ''Starcraft'', ''Dota 2'', ''Quake'', ''Fortnite'' and ''Valorant''. Electronic Sports is playe...
thumb|''Integration'' is about finding the surface ''s'', given ''a'', ''b'' and ''y = f(x)''. The formula for the integral from ''a''  to ''b'', graphed above, is:    Formula:   \int\limits_{a}^{b} f(x)\,dx thumb|What is the integral (animation) In calculus, an '''integral''' is the space under a graph of an equatio...
thumb|350x350px|[[Muttiah Muralitharan (Murali) of Sri Lanka bowls to Adam Gilchrist of Australia in a Twenty20 International match.The pale area of the field is the pitch, with a wicket in place at each end. The batter (Gilchrist) is using his bat to defend the wicket against the white ball which Murali has just bowle...
'''Genetics''' is a discipline of biology.The word comes from the Ancient Greek for ''origin'' It is the science of heredity. This includes the study of genes, and the inheritance of variation and traits of living organisms.King R.C. Stansfield W.D. & Mulligan. P.K. 2006. ''A dictionary of genetics'', 7th ed. Oxford.Gr...
thumb|right|240px|Example of a [[Binary tree|binary max-heap containing items between 1 and 100.]] In computer science, a '''heap''' is a type of tree (data structure) that satisfies the heap property. Heaps are useful when you need to remove the item with the highest (or lowest) value. A common implementation of a he...
'''Bayesian probability''' figures out the likelihood that something will happen based on available evidence. This is different from frequency probability which determines the likelihood something will happen based on how often it occurred in the past. You might use Bayesian probability if you don't have information o...
thumb|''[[Bill of Rights 1689|Bill of Rights'' (1689)]] '''Human rights''' are rights and freedoms that all people should have. }} Today, the ideas of human rights are protected as legal rights in national and international law. They are seen as ''universal,'' which means they are meant for everyone, no matter what t...
'''Convex optimization''' is a subfield of mathematical optimization that studies the problem of minimizing convex functions over convex sets (or, equivalently, maximizing concave functions over convex sets). Many classes of convex optimization problems admit polynomial-time algorithms, whereas mathematical optimizati...
In mathematics, a '''recurrence relation''' is an equation according to which the nth term of a sequence of numbers is equal to some combination of the previous terms. Often, only k previous terms of the sequence appear in the equation, for a parameter k that is independent of n; this number k is called the ''order'' o...
A '''blockchain''' (or '''block chain''') is a series of digital entries, which cannot be easily changed once they are created. It is commonly used in cryptocurrency. It is how digital transactions are recorded and verified. This is done by using several concepts from cryptography, including digital signatures and hash...
(as Logical Awesome LLC) | location = San Francisco, California, United States | area_served = Worldwide | founder = | CEO = Nat Friedman | key_people = | industry = Software | international = Yes | programming_language = Ruby | website_type = Collaborative version control | registration = Optional (required for crea...
'''Sociology''' is a social science that studies societies and how humans act in groups. (A society is the community of people living in a particular country or region and having shared customs, laws, and organizations.) There are many subfields. For example, criminology examines criminal behavior and crime. People w...
thumb|150px|[[Animals: Hoverfly on a Compositae inflorescence]] thumb|150px|[[Plants: Wheat]] thumb|150px|[[Fungi: ''Morchella esculenta'']] thumb|150px|[[Virus: Gamma bacteriophage]] '''Biology''' is the science that studies life, living things, and the evolution of life. Living things include animals, plants, fungi ...
Favorable traits pass on to more successful offspring than ones with less favorable traits, making the traits more common in the population. The Galapagos islands experience a drought and there were less soft, small seeds for the birds to eat. There was increase however with larger and hard seeds. The birds with a bigg...
| latest_release_version = ISO/IEC 14882:2026 | latest_release_date = | latest_test_version = | latest_test_date = | typing = Static, unsafe, nominative | implementations = C++ Builder, clang, Comeau C/C++, GCC, Intel C++ Compiler, Microsoft Visual C++, Sun Studio | dialects ...
thumb|upright=1.3|right|The [[normal distribution in Statistics]] '''Statistics''' is a branch of applied mathematics that deals with collecting, organizing, analyzing, reading and presenting data.DeGroot, M. H., & Schervish, M. J. (2012). Probability and statistics. Pearson Education.Johnson, R. A., Miller, I., & Freu...
An '''algorithm''' is a list of steps that can be followed to solve a problem using a limited number of steps. For example, a recipe is an algorithm to prepare a dish in a limited amount of time. The words 'algorithm' and 'algorism' come from the name of a Persian mathematician called Al-Khwārizmī (Persian: خوارزمی, c...
In computer science, '''backtracking''' is a recursive approach for finding solutions to some computational problems. Backtracking gradually finds candidate solutions and abandons candidates, i.e., "backtracks" when a candidate cannot be a good solution. ==Pseudocode== thumb|A [[Sudoku solved by backtracking.]] To app...
thumb|250px|right|Babylonian clay tablet YBC 7289 (c. 1800–1600 BCE) with annotations. The approximation of the [[square root of 2 is four sexagesimal figures, which is about six decimal figures. 1+24/60+51/60^2+10/60^3\approx1.41421296]] '''Numerical analysis''' studies different algorithms to get approximations for ...
| image_coat = Greater coat of arms of the United States.svg | coat_alt = | symbol_type_article = Great Seal of the United States#Obverse | national_motto = "In God We Trust"}} |titlestyle=background:transparent;color:inherit;text-align:center;line-height:1.15em; |liststyle=text-a...
thumb|Illustration of matrix multiplication In mathematics and linear algebra, '''matrix multiplication''' is multiplying two matrices together. The number of columns in the first matrix must be equal to the number of rows in the second matrix. The product of two matrices \mathbf{A} and \mathbf{B} is written as \mathbf...
| footer = Some things global warming makes worse (clockwise from top left): Wildfires, droughts, and dead coral killed by the ocean getting more hot and acidic. }} thumb|right| Places that have become warmer (red) and cooler (blue) over the past 50 years thumb| Earth's average temperature has increased since the [[I...
:''For the American sport, see American football. For other sports known as football, see Football'' thumb|A derby match between [[Galatasaray S.K. and Fenerbahçe S.K., two Turkish football teams.]] thumb|A match between [[Shrewsbury Town F.C.|Shrewsbury Town and Gillingham in England in 2011.]] thumb| [[African boys p...
In mathematics and statistics, the '''mean''' is a kind of average. Besides the mean, there are other kinds of average, and there are also a few kinds of mean. While arithmetic mean is the most commonly used mean, there are various other means and they are calculated differently. It is important to know the difference ...
thumb|350px|[[Claude Monet, ''Impression, Sunrise'', (1872), oil on canvas, Musée Marmottan]] '''Impressionism''' is a style of painting which began in France in the late 19th century. Impressionist painting shows lifelike subjects painted in a broad, rapid style, with brushstrokes that are easily seen and colours tha...
'''Machine learning''' gives computers the ability to learn without being explicitly programmed (Arthur Samuel, 1959).John McCarthy & Edward Feigenbaum 1990. In Memoriam Arthur Samuel: pioneer in machine learning. ''AI Magazine''. AAAI. '''11''' (3).[http://www.aaai.org/ojs/index.php/aimagazine/article/view/840/758] I...
In computer science, an '''interpreter''' is a computer program that performs commands written in a computer programming language. Interpreters are one of the two most important ways a program can be run, the other being compilation. == Function == The interpreter is a language processor which converts a high-level pr...
An '''operating system''' ('''OS''') is system software that manages computer hardware and software resources, and provides common services for computer programs.https://arxiv.org/pdf/2411.17710 Operating System research article Time-sharing operating systems schedule tasks for efficient use of the system and may also...
thumb|Functional areas of the cerebral cortex. thumb|The comparison of brain sizes thumb|A hand holding a brain The '''brain''' is the part of the body which lets living beings think. It does some bodily functions, such as telling the rest of the body what to do. Almost all animals have a brain: the exceptions are spo...
thumb|200px|A [[Brain mapping|mappingOliver Elbs, ''Neuro-Esthetics: Mapological foundations and applications (Map 2003)'', (Munich 2005) of the brain from the 1800s. Phrenology was one way that tried to explain the brain in the past, although it is now considered wrong.]] '''Philosophy of mind''' is one part of philos...
thumb|300px|As the degree of the Taylor polynomial rises, it approaches the correct function. This image shows and its Taylor approximations by polynomials of degree '''1''', '''3''', '''5''', '''7''', '''9''', '''11''', and '''13''' at . In mathematical analysis, the '''Taylor series''' or '''Taylor expansion''' of ...
In computer programming, the '''strategy pattern''' (also known as the '''policy pattern''') is a behavioral software design pattern that enables selecting an algorithm at runtime. Instead of implementing a single algorithm directly, code receives runtime instructions as to which in a family of algorithms to use. Stra...
thumb|300px|A [[Brownian bridge, a stochastic process.]] A '''Stochastic process''' is a mathematical description of random events that occur one after another. It is possible to order these events according to the time at which they occur. This can be used to model such things as daily weather data, or exchange rate ...
thumb|right|A 3D diagram of the protein [[myoglobin showing turquoise alpha helices. This protein was the first to have its structure solved by X-ray crystallography. Towards the right-center among the coils, a heme group (shown in grey) with a bound oxygen molecule (red)]] '''Proteins''' are long-chain molecules buil...
| '' or '''' (also in Greek: – ["Dominion (Literally 'kingdom' but also interpreted as 'empire') of the Romans"]) and ''Romania''. '''' means Roman "commonwealth" and can refer to both the Republican and the Imperial eras. '''' (or "") refers to the territorial extent of Roman authority. '''' ("the Roman people") has...
333x333px|thumb In mathematics, '''hyperbolic functions''' are analogues of the ordinary trigonometric functions, but defined using the hyperbola rather than the circle. Just as the points form a circle with a unit radius, the points form the right half of the unit hyperbola. Also, similarly to how the derivatives o...
'''Renewable energy''' comes from renewable resources.Resources that for all practical purposes cannot be used up: United States Department of Energy [http://www.eere.energy.gov/consumer/information_resources/index.cfm/mytopic=60001#R Glossary of energy-related terms] (URL accessed Dec 21, 2006) It is different from fo...
thumb|Skewed distribution with one mode, distinct from its median and mean In statistics, the '''mode''' of a set of data is the one that occurs most, Very often, samples of data are collected. These might be measurements of some kind. In this context, the mode is the value that occurs most often. Unlike the median an...