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---
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license: mit
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language:
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- en
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- ar
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tags:
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- multimodal
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- misinformation
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- forgery-detection
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- fnd-clip
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- dct
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size_categories:
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- 10K<n<100K
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---
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# MultiGuard Phase 2 — Multimodal Misinformation Detection Dataset & Caches
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This dataset packages everything needed to reproduce **Phase 2** of the
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[MultiGuard](https://github.com/Rashidbm/Multimodal-fake-news-detection)
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project without redoing the heavy preprocessing.
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## What's inside
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| File | Size | Contents |
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|---|---|---|
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| `forensic_3class.csv` | 3.7 MB | 18,000-sample 3-class dataset (Real / Manipulated / OOC), balanced 6,000 per class, deterministic 70/15/15 per-class split (seed 42). |
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| `dct_cache.tar.gz` | 2.9 GB | Precomputed DCT maps for all 18,000 images. Each entry is a `[1, 224, 224]` float32 tensor (BGR→YCbCr→Y, 2D DCT, log scale, per-image min-max). Filename is md5 of the absolute image path. Extract into `data/processed/dct_cache/`. |
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| `fnd_features_clean.tar.gz` | 37 MB | FND-CLIP `v_semantic` features (512-dim) computed with **leak-free FND-CLIP** — pretrained ResNet50 / BERT / CLIP encoders + random frozen modality-attention head. No task-specific weights. Filename is md5(text \|\| image_path). Extract into `data/processed/fnd_features_clean/`. |
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| `fnd_features_leaked.tar.gz` | 37 MB | Same format, but computed using `outputs/v1_ooc/best.pt` as the FND-CLIP checkpoint. **Numbers from training on this cache are inflated by label leakage** (see Known Issues). Provided for completeness only. |
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| `step1_forensic_baseline_best.pt` | 46 MB | Step 1 forensic-only baseline checkpoint (ResNet18 on DCT + linear head). Test F1 ~0.47, MMFakeBench transfer ~0.17. |
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| `step2_full_pipeline_LEAKED_best.pt` | 59 MB | Step 2 full pipeline checkpoint trained with the leaked v_semantic. **Do not trust the metrics from this** — kept for archival. |
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## Class definitions
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| Label | Name | Source |
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|---|---|---|
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| 0 | Real | DGM4 origin (real images, real news from BBC / Guardian / USA Today / Washington Post) |
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| 1 | Manipulated | DGM4 face_swap, face_attribute (image-side manipulation, real news source) |
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| 2 | OOC | NewsCLIPpings out-of-context pairs (real images, mismatched captions) |
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## Splits
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| Split | Per class | Total |
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|---|---|---|
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| train | 4,200 | 12,600 |
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| val | 900 | 2,700 |
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| test | 900 | 2,700 |
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## How to use (with the code repo)
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```bash
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git clone https://github.com/Rashidbm/Multimodal-fake-news-detection.git
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cd Multimodal-fake-news-detection
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# Pull the data from this dataset
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huggingface-cli download Rashidbm/multiguard-phase2-data \
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--repo-type dataset --local-dir hf_data/
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# Place the CSV
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mkdir -p data/processed
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cp hf_data/forensic_3class.csv data/processed/
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# Extract caches
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tar -xzf hf_data/dct_cache.tar.gz -C data/processed/
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tar -xzf hf_data/fnd_features_clean.tar.gz -C data/processed/
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# (Optional) drop in the trained checkpoints
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mkdir -p outputs/forensic_baseline outputs/full_pipeline
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cp hf_data/step1_forensic_baseline_best.pt outputs/forensic_baseline/best.pt
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```
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The `image_path` column in the CSV uses absolute paths from the original
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machine (`/Users/rashid/...`). Either replicate that layout or rewrite
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the paths:
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```bash
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sed -i '' 's|/Users/rashid/multimodaldetection|/your/repo/path|g' \
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data/processed/forensic_3class.csv
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```
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## Image data NOT included
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The raw images are too large and have their own licenses. Get them from:
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- DGM4 (origin + manipulation) — `rshaojimmy/DGM4` on HuggingFace
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- NewsCLIPpings test split — VisualNews + NewsCLIPpings annotations
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- MMFakeBench (val/test for transfer eval) — `liuxuannan/MMFakeBench`
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You only need the raw images if you want to retrain the DCT cache from
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scratch or use the visual / CLIP streams; the precomputed caches in this
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dataset cover the standard Phase-2 training loop.
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## Known issues
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1. **`fnd_features_leaked.tar.gz` and `step2_full_pipeline_LEAKED_best.pt`**
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were produced using a FND-CLIP checkpoint (`outputs/v1_ooc/best.pt`)
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that was trained on a binary OOC vs not-OOC task. **84% of our test
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OOC samples were in that checkpoint's training set**, so v_semantic
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for those samples literally encodes the OOC label. The Step 2 OOC
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F1 of 0.98 reported in the GitHub HANDOFF.md is mostly this leak.
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Use `fnd_features_clean.tar.gz` for honest numbers (~0.54 F1).
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2. **Source-distribution shortcut**: NewsCLIPpings OOC images are
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stored at ~22% lower JPEG quality than DGM4 origin/manipulated images
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(36.7 KB vs 47.5 / 45.8 KB on average). DCT can shortcut on this. To
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eliminate, re-encode all images at uniform JPEG quality before
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computing the DCT cache.
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## License
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MIT for the splits / metadata. Underlying image and text data are
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governed by the licenses of the source datasets (DGM4, NewsCLIPpings,
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VisualNews).
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## Citation
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If you use this in academic work, cite the upstream datasets:
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- DGM4: Shao et al., "Detecting and Grounding Multi-Modal Media Manipulation," CVPR 2023.
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- NewsCLIPpings: Luo et al., "NewsCLIPpings: Automatic Generation of Out-of-Context Multimodal Media," EMNLP 2021.
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- MMFakeBench: Liu et al., "MMFakeBench: A Mixed-Source Multimodal Misinformation Detection Benchmark," 2024.
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- FND-CLIP: Zhou et al., "Multimodal Fake News Detection via CLIP-Guided Learning," ICME 2023.
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