The full dataset viewer is not available (click to read why). Only showing a preview of the rows.
(ReadTimeoutError("HTTPSConnectionPool(host='hf.co', port=443): Read timed out. (read timeout=10)"), '(Request ID: 6a8f6e52-712e-4350-88c8-19859b3887b6)')
Error code: UnexpectedError
Need help to make the dataset viewer work? Make sure to review how to configure the dataset viewer, and open a discussion for direct support.
pred_label
string | pred_label_prob
float64 | wiki_prob
float64 | text
string | source
string |
|---|---|---|---|---|
__label__cc
| 0.651625
| 0.348375
|
An Adventure in Indie Game Development
About 100XP About Me About The Game
The Battle for XNA Part 2: Why C++/DirectX isn't the Replacement
RB Whitaker 3 Feb 2013 1 Comment
Yesterday, I posted about how XNA was being retired. The challenge, then, for those of us who use XNA is to find an alternative that isn’t being retired. This analysis is my take on what many people are suggesting is the right path: C++/DirectX. (I even mentioned this alternative in my original post.)
Many are calling for XNA game developers to just move over to C++ and DirectX. The stated reason is that all of the big game studios are using this combination. They’ll often throw in something about XNA basically being the equivalent of a toy for newbies to play with.
But allow me to explain why I don’t think C++ and DirectX is the next step.
C++/DirectX is not Ubiquitous
Sure, a lot of the high end AAA games use it. But part of that is that they’ve invested so much in C++ and DirectX based engines that they’re not willing to give up their advantage and start from scratch. Lots of other game companies, especially indie game developers and smaller studios, do not. There are plenty of other alternatives that they use, including Flash, web (HTML5/JS/CSS3), OpenGL, Objective-C, SharpDX/SlimDX, MonoGame, and yes, even XNA.
C#/XNA Replaced C++/DirectX
By that I don’t mean C# was intended to replace C++ in all cases, and XNA was not intended to replace DirectX in all cases. But Java, and then C# soon after, were invented because programming applications in C++ was tedious and frustrating. So was DirectX. So Microsoft got smart and said, “Hey, we can bring in all of these indie game developers to our side if we make tools that work for them!” They did, and XNA was born.
But here’s the thing: C# and XNA were invented to fix holes in the development process of C++ and DirectX. Those holes, for the most part, are still there. To say we should all just go back to C++ and DirectX is taking a step backward, not forward. C++ and DirectX can’t be the “spiritual successor” to XNA, because they came before XNA.
C++ and DirectX aren’t Fun
Granted, that’s an opinion. But it’s my opinion, and I reserve the right to defend it. And I think if you ask around, you’ll see that many other indie/hobbyist/student/new game developers will tell you the same thing.
I learned C++ in high school and in college. I had all sorts of people tell me that if you don’t know C++, you probably don’t truly know how to program. (I disagree on that point, but it is still said a lot.) I was just fine with using C++ for the rest of my life if I needed to. Until one day, I got a job as a research assistant, programming in Java. It took me a few days to get the hang of it, and a few months to start to become really proficient in it, but at that point, I just knew that I was done writing any C++ code that I didn’t have to. The reason: I could actually get stuff done in a reasonable amount of time. Soon after, I learned C#, and I was sold on the fact that I will never write another line of C++ code, unless I truly need to.
One time, I decided to learn DirectX over spring break one year. (Us nerds know how to party!) I spent the entire week not at a beach in Florida, but instead, trying to draw a ladybug model. It took days to get the right DLLs downloaded and loaded in my project. Days more to get my 3D model loaded. And days more to get my drawing code working. Except even after all of that, I still couldn’t see the freakin’ thing! My code looked right. It seemed like my matrices held the correct data. It seemed like my data buffer contained some 3D points. It seemed like I was drawing the right number of primitives. But all I saw was blackness! I was going insane. Then on my 913th Google search, I came to the realization that there was a lighting system and I needed to turn the lights on. I was drawing my ladybug in the dark. I forgot to turn the lights on! I’m an idiot.
But in XNA, this wouldn’t have been a problem: cornflower blue. They made the default background this odd shade of blue. Had I been drawing a ladybug in the dark in XNA, I’d see a black ladybug, but I would have seen it, because it would have stood out from the blue background.
For most of us, programming in C++ and DirectX is tedious. We spend way too much time doing things besides making our game. Writing deconstructors and reading files and so on. We’ve tried it and don’t like it. That’s why we’re doing C# and XNA in the first place.
To wrap things up, let me say this. There are some people who will love making the jump to C++ and DirectX. That’s fine for them. They were probably going to do it, whether there was more XNA or not. But for most of the rest of us, C++ and DirectX is just not enjoyable, and we think that making games should be as much fun as playing them. Wherever we go next has to have this quality.
Dale Griffiths
Hi RB makes sense to me!
Experience Point (14)
Sprint Retrospective (4)
MonoGame (3)
Sprint Review (3)
Theme: Convention by Fimply
|
cc/2020-05/en_head_0015.json.gz/line0
|
__label__wiki
| 0.645925
| 0.645925
|
Water partnership expanded
Created: Thursday, 29 April 2010 08:52
The U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) and The Coca-Cola Company announce an additional joint investment of US$12.7mn in their global partnership, the Water and Development Alliance (WADA).
Through this investment, WADA will support eight new multi-year programmes throughout sub-Saharan Africa in Angola, Burundi, Ghana, Malawi, Mozambique, Senegal, South Africa, and Tanzania. These programmes begin as three-year initiatives, representing a shift toward longer-term efforts and exemplifying each organisation’s shared commitment to lasting, sustainable solutions to global water challenges. With this new investment, USAID and The Coca-Cola Company will have committed a total of $28.1mn since 2005 to support 32 projects in 22 countries worldwide in Africa, Latin America, the Middle East, and Southeast Asia.
Gaining and sustaining access to water and sanitation
Water scarcity, degraded water quality, and lack of basic water and sanitation services present severe global challenges, especially to the world’s poor. More than one billion people live without access to safe drinking water, and 2.6bn people have no access to basic sanitation. The growing water shortage impedes human needs for food and economic activity and threatens the sustainability of communities and critical ecosystems. USAID and The Coca-Cola Company established WADA to help tackle these enormous challenges.
USAID Administrator Rajiv Shah emphasised the importance of the public-private partnership: “As it enters its fifth year, USAID’s partnership with Coca-Cola showcases the potential of the U.S. Government to partner with the private sector to make a long-term impact on pressing global challenges. By matching USAID’s development expertise with the resources, capacities, and commitment of The Coca-Cola Company, we are making a positive impact on community water issues throughout the developing world.”
Working with local partners in each country, WADA has addressed a myriad of local water challenges, helping more than 300,000 people gain access to sustainable sources of water for health and livelihoods.
“We recognise that no single organisation can solve the global water crisis, but by partnering with organizations like USAID we can make a positive difference in the lives of the people in need of safe water and sanitation,” said William Asiko, President of The Coca-Cola Africa Foundation.
WADA focuses on four objectives: watershed management, water supply and sanitation, hygiene promotion, and productive water use. The partnership capitalises on the strengths and experience of its partner institutions, USAID, The Coca-Cola Company, and the Global Environment & Technology Foundation, which work collaboratively to demonstrate how government, business, and the non-governmental community can innovatively engage to solve global water challenges.
IMAGE: USAID, Cola/_MG_1803
CAPTION: In Chimoio, Mozambique, WADA partnered with the Mozambican government and the Royal Dutch Embassy to rehabilitate a dilapidated water treatment facility and expand the local distribution network - doubling the city's supply of clean, reliable water (The Coca-Cola Company; Brent Stirton/Getty Images)
|
cc/2020-05/en_head_0015.json.gz/line5
|
__label__cc
| 0.543336
| 0.456664
|
Mastro Titta (1779–1869): Er dilettante de Ponte
Posted on January 20, 2017 by BWA
A slurred pronunciation of Maestro di Giustizia, or Master of Justice “The dilettante of the bridge”, the name he got from Romanesco poet Giuseppe Gioachino Belli, the bridge being Ponte Sant’ Angelo which connects Rome’s left bank with the Vatican. Belli also credited him as a sure cure for headache.
Titta’s real name was Giovanni Battista Bugatti. He was a short, round, amiable man who, with his wife, made his living by manufacturing, decorating, and selling umbrellas to the tourists who visited the nearby Vatican.
As jobs go, it is easily overlooked, and presumably it was neither steady enough nor profitable enough to make ends meet. At age seventeen he found a second income stream.
He was, in the years between 1796 to 1864, the Vatican’s official executioner
He was responsible for 516 deaths in the course of his career. He kept careful record of each one, a mark presumably of a scrupulous nature. The number sounds high, and so it is, but then, the total is spread across a considerable number of years. In all, he was called into service about every other month.
Nor were these undeserving wretches. Charles Dickens describes see Mastra Titta doing his job on a man who had discovered a noble Bavarian woman walking to Rome as a penitent. In a village some ways outside the city, she made the mistake of paying for something in gold. The fellow followed her and when they out of sight of others, he attacked, robbed, and killed her. He would have gotten away with it had he not given some article of clothing to his fiancée who recognized the work as belonging to the German pilgrim and turned him in.
Once sentence was passed, the events were foregone and routine. The day of execution may not have been announced beforehand, but word traveled quickly that Mastra Titta was crossing the bridge.
Significant because, curiously, it was only for work that he did cross the bridge. (Indeed, his general failure to cross the Tiber gives us the Roman expression, “Boia nun passa Ponte “, the executioner isn’t crossing the river, loosely, “All’s right in the world”.) Accounts differ as to why. Dickens suggests that angry relatives would make life unsafe for him to leave his home in Trastevere. Others claim that he was following Vatican rules, perhaps because his appearance on the left bank was invariably noticed and crowds would come out to see if there was going to be a killing that day.
Justice was, after all, a public affair.
How public? Considerably. Enough certainly that tradesmen (Dickens mentions cigar sellers and pastry merchants) wandered the crowd, hawking their goods. Adults laid bets on how the execution would go, how many gouts of blood would exit the neck. Parents brought their young children as a warning against wicked living, and clouted them on the neck just as the blade came down to underscore the lesson.
Children, being children, soon incorporated the man into rhyme. Two boys would pull back and forth on a piece of rope while reciting:
“Sega, sega, Mastro Titta,
’na pagnotta e ‘na sarciccia
Un’ a mme, un’a tte,
un’a mmàmmeta che sso’ttre
Slice, slice, Mastro Titta
A loaf of bread and a sausage
One for me, one for thee
One for Mama, that makes three.*
Not that he minded his celebrity. On the contrary, he eschewed the usual head cover that ensured the executioner’s anonymity. It was a job, one he did with professionalism and even compassion. To those about to die, he offered snuff, a kind word, and assurances of a quick end. When not in his red robed executioners gown, (or, according to Lord Byron who saw him in 1817, “half naked”), he dressed with some flair and style, making up in dress what he lacked in height and slimness. The job done, he was back across the river to work on his umbrellas until the next criminal was condemned to die.
He retired at the age of 85 on a papal pension, and lived a further five years, just short of seeing the Unification of Italy and the abolition of his part-time trade. A phony autobiography Memorie di un Carnefice Scritte da Lui Stesso, Memoirs of an Executioner by Himself, was published in 1891, mixing the ghoulish with the anti-clerical (absent evidence, we cannot hope to know his politics.)
His red robe, and his white Klan hood, are on display at Rome’s Museum of Criminology, along with some tools of his trade, including the guillotine that Dickens described. His added value once technology made his job less a skill than a chore was in giving the condemned a few moments of comfort at the final minutes. That, and being a public institution in his own right.
Today, his name lives on as a marker for at least on restaurant in Rome. He also figures in the 1962 musical comedy Rugantino, a film version of which was made in 1973.
Which is more than can be said of any of his clients.
*His song appears to have been downgraded in Naples to Mastu Ciccio, “Master Fatty”, presumably a grocer, and lacking the same frisson that one gets in the original. It can be heard here and elsewhere.
(It is, of course, him on the left in the illustration, offering snuff to the about to die. Who the man on the left is is anyone’s guess.)
This entry was posted in Business, Entertainer, Performer, Uncategorized by BWA. Bookmark the permalink.
|
cc/2020-05/en_head_0015.json.gz/line7
|
__label__wiki
| 0.59508
| 0.59508
|
The Ancient Ones > Ancient Secrets > Mysteries > The Bon religion – the secrets of the ancient Tibetan teachings
The Bon religion – the secrets of the ancient Tibetan teachings
21.03.2016 22.03.2016 Marina IvanovaMysteries
The Bon religion came into being at a time when on Earth, as written in the first book of the „Mahabharata“ – „Adi Parva“, lived the legendary Nagas – demigods with a snake body and several human heads.
The Nagas are mentioned in ancient Chinese treatises, and in the only preserved Bon manuscript dating from the 6th century, and in numerous legends of the peoples living in the western part of Tibet.
People, who were under the authority of the Nagas, yearned to be free of their domination. And it happened – the man got independence 18,000 years ago when the Teacher – Tonpa Shenrab descended from the sky at the foot of Mount Meru.
He taught the indigenous peoples to worship the White god in heaven, to bow before the Black Goddess of the Earth, before the Red Tiger and the Furious Dragon; he also taught them the secret how to rule over the mighty Nagas, the many spirits and the forces of nature. The first symbol of the Bon religion was the swastika, rotated in a counterclockwise direction, which represented the eternal struggle of man with the elements and the worlds beyond.
At the time of the setting in of the Buddhism the Bon religion was widespread in India, Persia, South Siberia, Central Asia and China. But the need to establish centralized monarchical countries led to the point that Asian rulers began to persecute the followers of the traditional faith and to impose Buddhism.
In the 7th century BC, in the time of the Tibetan Emperor Drigum Tsenpo many of the Bon monasteries were closed, many of the manuscripts of the “heretical” religion were destroyed and its adepts – chased away from Tibet. Following the Bon religion was forbidden under threat of death all the way to the 9th century AD. But the ancient doctrine managed to survive and in 1017, after the discovery of esoteric texts, guarded for centuries, the Bon religion was again presented to the world, now updated and systematized. It is believed that Shenzhen Luga is responsible for the revival of „the faith of our ancestors“.
The secret scripts of Bon reported that the doctrine was called „Bon – peaks of the Universe“ and comes from the depths of the human history that originated more than 50,000 years ago. When the Teacher, that emanation of the Supreme world, came on Earth, the doctrine took the name „Bon Swastika.“
True followers of the Bon religion believe that the world consists of three spheres – universes: a white one – the heavenly realm of the gods, a red one – the earthly realm of the people and a blue one – the lower area of the water spirits. In mystical tree grows through these realms and allows the inhabitants of different worlds to communicate with each other.
The heavenly and the lower world of Bon are home of many powerful entities that have a permanent impact on the world of men.
Sparse, semi-mythical records of the extreme power of the Bon lamas indicate that the first of them – rulers of the mysterious country Agartha are hidden in the caves of the Himalayas and have prompted many people around the world to seek contact with the priests of the religion receipt.
For example, Emperor Ashoka, who lived in the 3rd century BC., waged a war against the neighboring kingdom of Kalinga, whose residents were Bon followers, but the emperor suffered a crushing defeat. The reason was the secret knowledge that the Bon lamas had. After that Ashoka devoted himself to the study of sacral mysteries of Bon, and shortly before his death created the Society of the Nine Unknown, which allegedly still exists today.
Modern researchers believe that shaman practices of the indigenous peoples of Siberia, Kamchatka, North and South America are rooted in the ancient religion Bon.
Travelers who stayed in Tibet in the 20th century claimed that the followers of the Bon religion built odd shaped stone stupas at some places, light sacred fires and preform magical dances over the bodies of deceased relatives while pronouncing spells in an ancient language, just like thousands of years ago.
The exact meaning of these spells is known only to the initiated lamas who continue their centuries-long work in their quiet cells.
Nagas, The Bon religion, Tibet
Notes of a king and a contract with a pickpocket found on an ancient Bible
The collection of mysterious artifacts of Padre Crespi
Iraq: Liberation of Mosul, in the heart of ancient Assyria
Baby Louie, a dinosaur embryo, finally revealed its secrets
© 2015-2020 The Ancient Ones. All rights reserved. | About Us | Contact Us | Partners
Web Design by ComSys2000
By using this site you agree to the placement of cookies on your computer in accordance with the terms of this policy. more info
A cookie is a text-only string of information that a website transfers to the cookie file of the browser on your computer's hard disk so that the website can recognise you when you revisit and remember certain information about you.
|
cc/2020-05/en_head_0015.json.gz/line12
|
__label__wiki
| 0.684776
| 0.684776
|
xMusic Division
Found 2 collections related to Writings
Filtering on: xMusic Division
Ornest, Naomi
Naomi Ornest and William Yokel papers, 1945-1989
Music Division | JPB 14-08
Naomi Ornest (d. 2007) was an opera singer active in the late 1940s and early 1950s. She was later an opera director and translator. Her husband, William Yokel, a writer, worked for the American Theatre Wing (ATW). The Naomi Ornest and William... more
Naomi Ornest (d. 2007) was an opera singer active in the late 1940s and early 1950s. She was later an opera director and translator. Her husband, William Yokel, a writer, worked for the American Theatre Wing (ATW). The Naomi Ornest and William Yokel papers date from 1945 to 1989 and document the career of Naomi Ornest through scores and correspondence. They also detail William Yokel’s production for the American Theatre Wing of the WNYC radio program, Music on the Wing, through correspondence and scripts. less
Janowitz, Otto
Otto Janowitz papers, 1920-1987
Music Division | JPB 02-6
Otto Janowitz was a Czech-born vocal coach, accompanist, composer and writer. The collection contains memorabilia related to his life and work, including music scores, writings and lecture notes, correspondence, clippings, photographs, catalogs... more
Otto Janowitz was a Czech-born vocal coach, accompanist, composer and writer. The collection contains memorabilia related to his life and work, including music scores, writings and lecture notes, correspondence, clippings, photographs, catalogs and recital programs. less
|
cc/2020-05/en_head_0015.json.gz/line13
|
__label__cc
| 0.626372
| 0.373628
|
New scientific theory: The earth's magnetic field may be caused by the movement of the ocean and not it's metal core. To those that believe that science has all the answers, does this make you re-evaluate your faith in science? (see link to article)
by Marky Mark 3 hours ago
Im Alec
I have never believed that science has all the answers. I only believe that the scientific method is the best method of finding the answers. Science does not know everything, and is pretty upfront about it. In this case, one (1) scientist has proposed a new explanation for a phenomenon which is admitted to be not well understood. That theory will be considered, and if good enough will replace the current one - or be merged with it. My conjecture is the latter: it will be shown that both the earth's core and the oceans contribute to the magnetic field in different ways. We will have learned more, and be able to predict more, about the magnetic field. And that greater knowledge may be able to be used in some productive way.
Jadey - Vive la difference
No it doesn't. I believe that science can direct us toward *most* of the answers, certainly more than the notion of God. However, like most atheists who hold faith in science above all else, I also know that scientific knowledge is continually evolving and that what we believe to be the case today, may be countered by a better theory later on in the day. Science is about theory not the claim that it has the ultimate truth, however it is about theory which is formed from testable, reliable, repeatable and observable pheonomena. So, although not perfect, I think it is more perfect than religious doctrine which is completely unfalsifiable and as such can not be a useful way of providing any reliable answers whatsoever.
Suspira
Not really. The awesome thing about science is that we're always learning new things. It's part of the system. But it's going to take time before it can be proven (if at all), so I don't think it's time to jump ship just yet.
Wisdom Tooth wears a COAT of Integrity
I remember I wrote an essay in high school on the subject (and I repeat it verbatim after almost 43 years): "Science claims no finality in any of its conclusions." The title of the essay is my answer to your question.
Kizz miazz
Science is imperfect until it is perfect. But it is the only logical answer until the scientists find the complete truth which usually is much more complex then they first thought. The fact is they could be wrong on both accounts and it could be both motions and some we don't know about yet. I'll stick to science and hope that they figure it all out eventually.
Science changes. That's a strength. We had Newtonian physics for years. It seemed to work up to a point but there were growing problems. By the early 20th Century it was obvious something was really horribly wrong with Newton's ideas. Along comes Einstein and all is better. For a while... That's how science works. It doesn't give answers in an absolute sense. It gives a theory which best explains the evidence at that moment in time. Later we may find new evidence that the theory is somewhat flawed. The beauty is that we can just amend or completely drop ideas that don't work (the ether is a good example of dropping something that just doesn't work). Sometimes you amend an idea like Newton to Einstein. We didn't throw out Newton entirely we just modified it albeit rather a great deal. We can still use certain elements of Newtonian physics for a great deal of things which simply don't need the refined precision of Einstein's work. I am minded of an Isaac Asimov quote which I am going to paraphrase. "It was once thought that the Sun moved around the Earth in a circular orbit. It was then thought that the Earth moved around the Sun in a circular orbit. Now both of these ideas are wrong. However if we then assume that both are equally wrong then we are more wrong than both ideas put together." Science never gives final answers that may never be questioned or probed. If it did it would not be science.
johngo
Evidently you don't understand anything about science. Science explicitly recognizes that scientific theories are provisional, the best we can up with at the time, and they are open to revision and replacement; however, the revisions and replacements often simply broaden the explanatory power of the theories, as the theory of relativity extends Newton's dynamics to very large masses and velocities approaching the the speed of light. We expect to revise old ideas. One of the most powerful theories, the theory of evolution displaced, for all informed and undeluded people, the older theory that some divinity created each species. In time, I expect a new theory will broaden the theory of evolution just as Newtonian dynamics was broadened by Einstein's discoveries. Scientists seek to test our understanding of the natural world. The greatest experience a scientist can have is to discover that something accepted as being the truth about nature can be explained more completely by a new theory. So scientists rejoice when errors are discarded. It is therefore extremely good news if a new theory of terrestrial magnetism replaces a mistaken one, or an incomplete one. This is not a weakness in science: it is its strength.
iwnit
1) In the contrary to a fixed text such as the Bible, which will be considered by some as "having all the answers", science does not have all the answers from the beginning. Science gives us a tool (the scientific method), which allow us to find many answers to some questions. Also, this tool can improve with time, like the findings of scientific research can also improve. Science was able to explain a lot of things that could not be explained by other means. So it must not be faith that we have in science, but just some confidence. And also, we should never absolutely rely on particular results, which could always be put into question. 2) Thank you for pointing at this interesting theory. However, some confusion arises because two articles about the Earth magnetic field have been published by Gregory Ryskin: - "On the origin of the Earth’s magnetic field - Gregory Ryskin - arXiv:astro-ph/0312617v1 - (Submitted on 24 Dec 2003)" http://arxiv.org/ftp/astro-ph/papers/0312/0312617.pdf - "Secular variation of the Earth’s magnetic field: induced by the ocean flow? Gregory Ryskin New Journal of Physics 11 (2009) 063015 (23pp) Received 12 March 2009 Published 12 June 2009" http://www.iop.org/EJ/article/1367-2630/11/6/063015/njp9_6_063015.pdf?request-id=e8a6afe9-eba9-49b8-81a5-c85da02287f6 Here another paper by Gregory Ryskin: "Focusing on the Permian-Triassic boundary, Gregory Ryskin explores the possibility that mass extinction can be caused by an extremely fast, explosive release of dissolved methane (and other dissolved gases such as carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide) that accumulated in the oceanic water masses prone to stagnation and anoxia (e.g., in silled basins)." Source and further information: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clathrate_gun_hypothesis - "Methane-driven oceanic eruptions and mass extinctions Gregory Ryskin" http://pangea.stanford.edu/research/Oceans/GES205/methaneGeology.pdf 3) Speaking about this, it would be important to say about which of the two papers we are talking. The first paper "On the origin of the Earth’s magnetic field" (2003) presents a quite revolutionary theory: "It is thought that the magnetic field of the Earth is generated by the hydromagnetic dynamo action in the Earth’s liquid outer core, consisting mainly of iron (the standard model). Here I propose that the magnetic field of the Earth is generated by dynamo action in the world ocean at the Earth’s surface. This hypothesis is free of the problems of the standard model; in particular, it explains the close temporal correlation between geomagnetic reversals and the stratigraphic boundaries defined by major or minor mass extinctions. Implications of this hypothesis for other terrestrial planets are briefly discussed." http://arxiv.org/ftp/astro-ph/papers/0312/0312617.pdf The second paper "Secular variation of the Earth’s magnetic field" (2009) is not so revolutionary: "Secular variation of the Earth’s main magnetic field is believed to originate in the Earth’s core. (The main field is operationally defined as comprising spherical harmonics of degree l 6 10.) I propose a different mechanism of secular variation: ocean water being a conductor of electricity, the magnetic field induced by the ocean as it flows through the Earth’s main field may depend on time and manifest itself globally as secular variation. This proposal is supported by calculation of secular variation using the induction equation of magnetohydrodynamics, the observed main field and the ocean flow field. The predicted secular variation is in rough agreement with that observed. Additional support is provided by the striking temporal correlation (hitherto unsuspected) between the intensity of the North Atlantic oceanic circulation and the rate of secular variation in Western Europe; this explains, in particular, the geomagnetic jerks, and the recently discovered correlation between secular variation and climate. Spatial correlation between ocean currents and secular variation is also strong." http://www.iop.org/EJ/article/1367-2630/11/6/063015/njp9_6_063015.pdf?request-id=e8a6afe9-eba9-49b8-81a5-c85da02287f6 4) Here some discussions of those papers: "The correlation between the "geomagnetic jerks" (is that an insult?) and the changes in Ocean tides could indicate that the magnetosphere is affecting the ocean, and not vice versa." "There is plenty of evidence that our magnetic field is created by the two liquid cores of our planet working against each other creating the well know gyro effect and since our oceans are effected by extra terrestrial object such as the moon I feel Sam_the_Wizer is probably right about magnetosphere affecting the oceans." Source and further information: http://current.com/items/90208681_is-earths-magnetic-field-created-by-its-oceans.htm "While I think it a little far-fetched (but not impossible) that ocean currents cause the Earth's magnetic field, I'm surprised that no-one has ever considered that the reverse may be true, i.e. that the ocean currents are in some part directed by the Earth's magnetic field." Source and further information: http://www.lightworkers.org/blog/79530/are-earthquakes-helping-create-crystalline-grid-oceans-changing-magnetosphere-support-5th 5) "New theory on Earth's Magnetic Field: Theory interesting, reporting botched" "What is true: A scientist named Ryskin proposes that decadal or century scale minor wiggling in the measured Earth's magnetic field is influenced by changes in ocean currents. Plausible. Interesting. Could explain some things. Not earthshaking. What is not true: The earth's magnetic field is caused by ocean currents. The earth's magnetic field's long term variations, like reversals in field orientation, are caused by ocean current changes. The Earth's magnetic field causes oceanic current changes or the currents are the sole cause of secular variation. The cause of the earth's magnetic field is not, as previously thought, the molten dynamo thingie inside the earth." Source and further information: http://scienceblogs.com/gregladen/2009/06/new_theory_on_earths_magnetic.php It seems that the reporting that was considered in this article refers to Ryskin's 2003 first paper "On the origin of the Earth’s magnetic field", but that the article has only read Ryskin's second paper "Secular variation of the Earth’s magnetic field" (2009).
There is no "Faith" in Science. Faith and Science do NOT co-exist. If you cannot have "faith" in science, you cannot lose "faith".
Nope. Not at all. I would be suspect of science if it WEREN'T changing views with respect to new evidence and discoveries. The question of the origin of the Earth's magnetic field still hasn't been definitively answered...and until it is, changes in theories and new theories should be expected.
I understand that Science is the study of the natural world, and God is supernatural, thus, many call Him 'unscientific', but is it not scientific to say that the Universe was created by a Higher Power or Being? Wouldn't you say so?
Does science have all the answers?
New Stem Cell Therapy May Lead To Treatment For Deafness (see link). Isn't disregarding the sensitivity of overly religious people worth the possibility scientific research can provide us? :P
How about this! There are experiments where a CELL can be taken from a woman, and used to fertizlize a female egg, with the end result being 100% female baby! Males are obsolete thanks to science! Do you believe this, or do you think it's wrong?
With all of the problems in the world today, do you think Barack Obama going to be able to make science a priority again?
Does science make the average person smarter, if all they do is simply believe what they are told by scientists?
Why hasn't science proven LIFE may be created randomly by first showing how its done on purpose before pushing this theory in schools?
Do you think, assuming it becomes scientifically possible, that all the people that paid to have their bodies cryogenically frozen to wait for medical science to be able to revive them will ACTUALLY be unfrozen?
Would you mind encouraging me to have the patience to write out two labs by hand and in handwriting before I enter the Science laboratory for Science class?
On the Science Channel they had a show that said in 500 years they will be able to acheive immortality. Do you think this is possible?
|
cc/2020-05/en_head_0015.json.gz/line14
|
__label__cc
| 0.62149
| 0.37851
|
David M. Belcher
Christine R. Fitzgerald
Kelly C. Gill
Financial Services Litigation and FINRA Arbitration
Massachusetts Local Counsel
2 Oliver Street, Suite 302
175 Highland Ave, Suite 303
Christine heads the firm’s litigation and dispute resolution and securities arbitration practices. Christine advises public and privately held corporations, as well as entrepreneurs and individuals, in all manner of civil, business and employment litigation and dispute resolution and has particular expertise in trade secrets, non-compete, and intra-company disputes and business divorces. Christine also has extensive experience in the financial services industry both as an advocate on behalf of broker/dealers, banks and individual investors and as an arbitrator for the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA) and the National Futures Association. She has won successful outcomes for clients in hundreds of cases via trials to jury verdict, motion practice, and negotiated resolutions.
On the business side, Christine’s practice includes negotiating, drafting, and enforcing employment agreements, commercial contracts, real estate development and commercial leasing transactions. She also helps start-ups and small businesses structure their affairs to position them for success at an early stage.
Prior to founding the firm, Christine practiced complex commercial and bankruptcy litigation at a large Wall Street firm.
Admitted:
United States Court of Appeals for the First Circuit
United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts
United States District Court for the Eastern District of Michigan
Boston College Law School, J.D., cum laude
Notes Editor, Uniform Commercial Code Reporter-Digest
Rutgers College, B.A.
Community Involvement and Organizations:
Boston Bar Association, Business Litigation and Financial Services Sections
Women’s Bar Foundation, Family Law Project (pro bono)
Brookline Commission for Women, Board Secretary/Commissioner (2014-2018)
Select Reported Matters:
Reid v. City of Boston, 95 Mass. App. Ct. 591 (2019)
United States Supreme Court brief, Eastern Enterprises v. Apfel, 1997 U.S. Briefs 42 (1997)
Publications & Speaking Engagements:
Faculty Member, Taking Depositions Workshop (Massachusetts Continuing Legal Education) (2015-2018)
Featured Speaker, Introducing and Excluding Evidence at Trial (Massachusetts Continuing Legal Education) (2008)
“Judge Vacates Fees Granted in FINRA Arbitration” – Massachusetts Lawyers Weekly, September 2018
“What You Need to Know About ‘Selling Away'” – TheTrustAdvisor.com, November 2014
“A Small Business Guide to Hiring Your First Employee” – SmallBusinessComputing.com, August 2014
mn]
Disclaimer / Terms & Conditions
|
cc/2020-05/en_head_0015.json.gz/line16
|
__label__wiki
| 0.957748
| 0.957748
|
When an insidious supernatural force edges its way into a seemingly straightforward investigation into the gruesome murder of a young boy, it leads a seasoned cop and an unorthodox investigator to question everything they believe in.
Cast: Ben Mendelsohn, Cynthia Erivo, Bill Camp, Mare Winningham, Jason Bateman, Paddy Considine, Julianne Nicholson, Yul Vazquez, Jeremy Bobb, Marc Menchaca
Crew: Ben Mendelsohn, Cynthia Erivo, Bill Camp, Mare Winningham, Jason Bateman, Paddy Considine, Julianne Nicholson, Yul Vazquez, Jeremy Bobb, Marc Menchaca
Genres: Mystery, Drama, Crime
Production:Aggregate Films, Temple Hill Entertainment, Media Rights Capital.
Tags: The Outsider,The Outsider 2019,The Outsiders,The Outsiders مترجم,The Outsider مترجم,The Outsider 2020,The Outsiders Book,The Outsider مسلسل,The Outsider Book,The Outsider 2019 مترجم,The Outsider Stream,The Outsider Stephen King,The Outsiders Film Deutsch Ganz,The Outsiders Kapitel 9
Similar TV Show Recommendations :
Simon & Simon is an American detective television series that originally ran from November 24, 1981 to January 21, 1989. The series was broadcast on CBS and starred Gerald McRaney and Jameson Parker as two brothers who run a private detective agency together.
The Rockford Files
Cranky but likable L.A. PI Jim Rockford pulls no punches (but takes plenty of them). An ex-con sent to the slammer for a crime he didn't commit, Rockford takes on cases others don't want, aided by his tough old man, his lawyer girlfriend and some shady associates from his past.
A formerly blacklisted spy uses his unique skills and training to help people in desperate situations.
Magnum, P.I.
Magnum, P.I. is an American television series starring Tom Selleck as Thomas Magnum, a private investigator living on Oahu, Hawaii. The series ran from 1980 to 1988 in first-run broadcast on the American CBS television network. According to the Nielsen ratings, Magnum, P.I. consistently ranked in the top twenty U.S. television programs during the first five years that the series was originally broadcast in the United States. Originally appearing in a prime time American network timeslot of 8 p.m. Eastern on Thursdays, Magnum, P.I. was one of the highest-rated shows on U.S. television.
Ex-pro hockey player Matt Shade irrevocably changes his life when he teams up with fierce P.I. Angie Everett to form an unlikely investigative powerhouse.
Adrian Monk was once a rising star with the San Francisco Police Department, legendary for using unconventional means to solve the department's most baffling cases. But after the tragic (and still unsolved) murder of his wife Trudy, he developed an extreme case of obsessive-compulsive disorder. Now working as a private consultant, Monk continues to investigate cases in the most unconventional ways.
In the fictional town of Neptune, California, student Veronica Mars progresses from high school to college while moonlighting as a private investigator under the tutelage of her detective father.
The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes is a series of adaptations of Arthur Conan Doyle's Sherlock Holmes stories which were produced by Granada Television and originally broadcast by ITV in the United Kingdom.
From England to Egypt, accompanied by his elegant and trustworthy sidekicks, the intelligent yet eccentrically-refined Belgian detective Hercule Poirot pits his wits against a collection of first class deceptions.
Mannix is an American television detective series that ran from 1967 through 1975 on CBS. Created by Richard Levinson and William Link and developed by executive producer Bruce Geller, the title character, Joe Mannix, is a private investigator. He is played by Mike Connors. Mannix was the last series produced by Desilu Productions.
Thomas Magnum, a decorated former Navy SEAL who, upon returning home from Afghanistan, repurposes his military skills to become a private investigator in Hawaii taking jobs no one else will with the help of fellow vets T.C. Calvin and Rick Wright, and the former MI:6 agent Higgins.
Dex Parios is a strong, assertive, and unapologetically sharp-witted Army veteran working as a P.I. in Portland, Oregon. With a complicated personal history and only herself to rely on, she solves other people’s messes with a blind eye toward her own.
Our lady sleuth sashays through the back lanes and jazz clubs of late 1920’s Melbourne, fighting injustice with her pearl handled pistol and her dagger sharp wit. Leaving a trail of admirers in her wake, our thoroughly modern heroine makes sure she enjoys every moment of her lucky life. Based on author Kerry Greenwood's Phryne Fisher Murder Mystery novels.
Cannon is a CBS detective television series produced by Quinn Martin which aired from March 26, 1971 to March 3, 1976. The primary protagonist is the title character, private detective Frank Cannon, played by William Conrad. He also appeared on two episodes of Barnaby Jones. Cannon is the first Quinn Martin-produced series to be aired on a network other than ABC. A "revival" television film, The Return of Frank Cannon, was aired on November 1, 1980. In total, there were 124 episodes.
Strong and successful Alice Martin is a fraud investigator who's about to be the victim of fraud by her fiancé. Between her cases, she is determined to find him before it ruins her career.
Jake and the Fatman is a television crime drama starring William Conrad as prosecutor J. L. "Fatman" McCabe and Joe Penny as investigator Jake Styles. The series ran on CBS for five seasons from 1987 to 1992. Diagnosis: Murder was a spin-off of this series.
Matt Houston is an American crime drama series that aired on ABC from 1982 to 1985. Created by Lawrence Gordon, the series was produced by Aaron Spelling.
Remington Steele is an American television. The series blended the genres of romantic comedy, drama, and detective procedural. Remington Steele is best known for launching the career of Pierce Brosnan and for serving as a forerunner of the similar series Moonlighting. Remington Steele's premise is that Laura Holt, a licensed private detective played by Stephanie Zimbalist, opened a detective agency under her own name but found that potential clients refused to hire a woman, however qualified. To solve the problem, Laura invents a fictitious male superior whom she names Remington Steele. Through a series of events that unfold in the first episode, "License to Steele", Pierce Brosnan's character, a former thief and con man whose real name is never revealed, assumes the identity of Remington Steele. Behind the scenes, Laura remains firmly in charge.
Mick St. John is a captivating, charming and immortal private investigator from Los Angeles, who defies the traditional blood-sucking norms of his vampire tendencies by using his wit and powerful supernatural abilities to help the living.
Peter Gunn is an American private eye television series
Browse All TV Shows
TV Show Genres
Other Favorite TV Shows
My Wife And Kids
La Femme Nikita
Darker Than Black: Kuro No Keiyakusha
Pod Prikritie
|
cc/2020-05/en_head_0015.json.gz/line17
|
__label__cc
| 0.615708
| 0.384292
|
Hunters and Game Managers – Look Out: Exposing the Big Game is Soon to be Released
Upcoming Book Reviewed by Peter Muller
Jim Robertson is best known for his breathtaking wildlife photography as well as his clear and thought-provoking articles about wildlife and the cruel, repulsive and altogether perverse nature of hunting. Many of these articles have appeared in the C.A.S.H. Courier over the years.
Photo by Jim Robertson, www.animalsinthewild.org
Now Jim is putting it all together: his spectacular photography, the indisputable facts and clear reasoning in a soon-to-be published book titled, “Exposing the Big Game.” The book takes the form of a series of accounts about how different species of wildlife are part of the great web of life that unites the brotherhood of mortals on Earth. Yet this harmony is disturbed by a few psychopaths from our species who interrupt this unity by the perverted compulsion to kill for pleasure.
Jim does not mince words in describing and judging the senselessness and depravity of hunting and its practitioners.
Only an inkling of the depth of the book can be gleaned from these few excerpts from Chapter 8, “Prairie Dog Nation: Critical Cornerstone of a Crumbling Castle”:
…All across the globe, humans have enslaved those animals they deemed worthwhile and set out to eliminate the rest. As John Muir noted, “The world, we are told, is made especially for man—a presumption not supported by the facts. A numerous class of men are painfully astonished whenever they find anything…which they cannot eat or render in some way useful to themselves.” To the vast majority of people living in their realm, prairie dogs fall into the category of ‘not useful’ and so have suffered the wrath of the gods.
Yet, as Dr. Jane Goodall observes, “Nine different wildlife species depend on the prairie dog and their habitat for their survival. The prairie dog is a critical component to healthy North American grasslands.” And Terry Tempest Williams adds, “If the prairie dog goes, so goes an entire ecosystem. Prairie dogs create diversity. Destroy them and you destroy a varied world.”
……People in “cattle country” entertain themselves by using the few remaining prairie dogs for target practice.
One such thrill-killer describes his sport this way: “Prairie dog hunting is a blast…on both private and public lands. I like to start by clearing everything within 0-50 yards with an AR-15, then switch to my .223 Remington for anything out to about 150 and finally trade up to the bull barrel .22-250 for the longer shots.”
Longtime candidates for ESA protection, black-tailed prairie dogs were removed from the waiting list in 2004, their fate left up to the states which manage them for “recreational shooting opportunities.” This glib game department jargon, loosely translated, means states like Wyoming have an open season on prairie dogs, allowing for unregulated, year-round shooting without limit or regard for their future.
Adding insult to injury, the latest threat to prairie dogs comes from the pet trade. To satisfy captive animal collectors’ appetites for the latest fad, prairie dogs are vacuumed out of their burrows, separated from their relatives and shipped to markets as far off as Japan.
If we ever completely decode prairie dog language, we’re likely to find that the word for human is, at best, unflattering.
Jim Robertson is an ethical photographer, which means that he photographs animals in the wild both respectfully and unobtrusively, and uses no lures to attract them.
Visit: www.animalsinthewild.org
Jim@animalsinthewild.org
|
cc/2020-05/en_head_0015.json.gz/line19
|
__label__wiki
| 0.857754
| 0.857754
|
The Narration
The Man – Narration
1. Music: “Conversion on Thirteenth Avenue”
The man in the picture is my great-uncle, Danny Murrow. He and his brother, Johnny were pretty well known as musicians in the nineteen-twenties and thirties. Johnny played the piano and Danny played the guitar. Danny was adopted by Johnny’s parents, Jack and Mary when he and Johnny were both just eight years old. The two boys got to be as close as any brothers, but that took a while.
Danny was lucky to be adopted by a musical family. Johnny was already playing very well. Their father, Old Jack was an authentic stride piano man who had traveled the roads and rivers of the un-reconstructed South.
To provide for his family, Jack worked as a mechanic. He maintained a printing press. He was never able to get all the grease and ink off his hands, and Danny thought for years that every piano had those black and blue stains on the ivory.
When the boys started to become well known, some of the critics began to pay more attention to Jack’s playing. One writer said he thought Jack got his left hand in Kansas City. Jack got a good laugh out of that.
A friend, Joe Venuti always said that Jack seemed to get better with age. He’d say, “Age doesn’t always bring wisdom, sometimes she comes alone.”
2. Music: “St. Louis Blues and Jada”
But Danny was a troubled kid. For a homeless child, the streets of New York in the eighteen-eighties, was a pretty rough place. The old Five Points district was a perfectly good slum before it crumbled into the swamp and served mostly as a dump. Mary worked for the Quaker charities and they asked her to find a home for Danny, but there was nobody else who could take him. She asked Jack what he thought. Jack took one look at Danny, and he knew they had to help him.
But Danny was a hard case; it took a long time and a lot of patience. For hours he would curl up and listen to Jack play. Finally Mary taught him to read, but that was a slow process. Danny always said it was the music that really brought him into the world. Jack was very good with him, he’d correct him gently, he’d say things like, “nobody’s gonna wanta play chess with a twelve year old who thinks the king can do anything he wants.”
Danny’s first instrument was a beat up old guitar, and he played that like a drum with strings for the longest time. Learning to play the guitar from two piano players gave his style some quirks. It’s the drive of that old stride piano that you can hear him reaching for.
The instrument itself is just pieces of wood and steel, but when one string begins to ring with another, it changes something. It doesn’t change time itself, but it changes the way we perceive time. It brings us to the moment, liberates us from anxiety, opens us up to transcendent joy. As Danny would say, “You have to be present to play.” And play they did.
3. Music: “Cordovan Boogie”
Johnny was getting quite a reputation as a player when he was just a teenager. You could hear the influence of Old Jack, but Johnny had taken it to a place of his own. He and Danny were hired to play for a homecoming party in October of 1900, and the guest of honor turned out to be Samuel Clemens.
Mr. Clemens was a fan of the stride players. He recorded the boys on one of Mr. Edison’s cylinder machines. You could say that he and Edison were the first collectors of Jazz recordings. But Edison said that he played his jazz records backwards because they sounded better that way.
Years later Danny worked for Paul Whiteman as a coach and an arranger. He wrote charts for many of the greats, but he would hold off releasing anything until it had the benefit of Johnny’s interpretation. He would always say that Johnny makes it presentable.
4. Music: “Impetuosity”
By 1905 people were talking about the influence of the blues. Two people came into their lives that summer. Betty Austin was a gifted singer, a lovely girl. She admired Johnny’s playing and he admired her singing, and when they performed together there was a definite sense of something wonderful happening.
They had not moved beyond this platonic admiration, but it seemed inevitable that they would be lovers, perhaps a great love story.
The gangster, Billy Iron’s reputation didn’t do him justice. The Iron was a rusted army issue Colt .45 that he carried in a harness beneath his coat. Some said it was an unreliable weapon, prone to mis-fire. This gave some comfort to his enemies, but seemed to contribute to an inferiority complex for which he was always compensating. There was concern when he began to pay attention to Betty.
His intentions might have been platonic as well, but then, Plato didn’t carry a gun. He and his friends couldn’t help but notice the steamy sweetness of Betty’s duets with Johnny, and having had enough of it, he put three bullets into the old upright piano, one of them shattering one of Johnny’s ribs. One inch to the left, the bullet would have destroyed his elbow and ended his playing career. One inch to the right and it might have pierced his heart. Of the two, he probably would have chosen the latter.
Betty visited Johnny in the hospital late that night, kissed him for the first and last time and disappeared without a trace. We feared the worst, but rumors began to circulate that she had gone to live with the family of a secret cousin somewhere in Kansas. She must have known that Johnny could not protect her from Billy Iron, and she couldn’t allow him to try.
5. Music: “Sunday”
Besides the pain of losing Betty, Johnny was very troubled by his brush with death. Jack and Mary needed to let him know that he had always been the center of their world. They felt a new appreciation for the precious joy of family life.
For his part, Jack knew full well the elements of the underworld that were denizens of the night life. He wanted something better for his boys.
On questions of mortality, Jack was pretty forthright about his beliefs. He had no use for preaching. He swore that his days on the revival circuit had soured him for what he called, ‘snake oil tonic’ and ‘sixteen John.’ His idea of a perfect Sunday involved nothing more than the windows wide open to a summer morning breeze and the sounds of the piano drifting into the street. The music was his church.
6. Music: “Sweet Loraine – Ain’t Misbehavin’”
In 1914 Danny married a beautiful girl named Loraine. They adored each other, they were the Nick and Nora of Christopher Street. They weren’t the first or the last to furnish a fifth-floor, cold-water walk-up apartment with love and little else. They were immensely happy. Soon they had a son whom they named after Johnny. They called him Little Johnny.
Loraine gave up her teaching job so she could be home with Little Johnny, but she occupied herself with some tutoring and what they called her ‘politics.’ She was pretty active in trying to get the vote for women, which miraculously came about in 1920. It was not achieved without a long and difficult struggle, she even stood on some picket lines with little Johnny in her arms.
Marcus Garvey had founded the Universal Negro Improvement Association, known as UNIA. Loraine volunteered to do some editing for their poetry magazine. Once she brought home a young poet named Andy Razov who had written song lyrics for Eubie Blake and James P. Johnson. He brought a friend with him, a young fellow named Fats Waller.
Fats became so famous, partly because of his phenomenal playing and his great songs, but partly because of his wild antics and wonderful sense of humor. Once he was kidnaped by members of the Capone Gang in Chicago. They took him to Capone’s hideout, the Hawthorne Inn, where he was forced at gunpoint to play for the notorious gangster’s birthday party. They say he was held for three days before they let him go, exhausted, very drunk, and with thousands of dollars in tips stuffed into his pockets.
Fats loved a good joke. He told a story about a young drummer who just couldn’t keep a job. He had a time problem. He didn’t rush the beat, that would have been bad enough. No, he would fall behind, ever so imperceptibly. But it was maddening for the guys trying to make the song really cook. They hated to let him go, he was such a sensitive guy. They were afraid he would do something drastic. Sure enough, one dark night, he threw himself behind a train.
7. Music: “You’re Feet’s Too Big.”
Fats adored Loraine. He’d look at her and say, “Who dat walkin’ around here.” “Sounds like baby patter, hmmm, baby elephant patter, that’s what I say!”
8. Music: “Old Jim Crow.”
Probably the most famous black performer up until then was Bert Williams who worked with the Zigfeld Follies. At one point they said he made ten thousand dollars a week. Story was he and Florenz Zigfeld when out for a drink and when Ziegfeld ordered a martini, the bar tender said that’ll be fifty cents.
Ziegfeld put a five dollar bill on the bar and said, give us each one and keep the change.” But the bar tender pointed to Bert, and said, “His’ll be fifty dollars.” Bert said, “that’s good,” and took a roll out of his pocket. He peeled off five one-hundred dollar bills and said, “I’ll take ten.”
9. Music: “Whispering.”
Danny got the job with the Paul Whiteman Orchestra in 1923, not as a front line player, but as a rehearsal coach and arranger. It brought him into the world of big time show business.
John Hammond was just fourteen years old when Danny noticed him hanging out near the stage at Small’s Paradise at 135th Street and 7th Avenue. This was in 1924 when Danny’s own son was only nine. But the young Hammond knew what he was listening to, he’d been buying jazz records with his allowance money since he was six years old.
He became a fan of old Jack when he heard him play. He wanted to know all about Jack’s travels and his influences, and of course, Jack spared no eloquence in recalling the early days. I suspect he left out some of the real hair-raising details. But he had known so many of the greats.
10. Music: “Cradle in Caroline.”
Frankie Trumbaur introduced Danny to Bix Beiderbecke. Bix was a cornet wizard, soon to become a legend. Frankie played the C melody sax in addition to the alto, which hardly anybody played and nobody could play it like he did.
Danny loved playing with those guys in spite of the keys like E flat and B flat that the horn players seemed to favor. Once Bix went to dinner at his sister’s house, and his little seven year old niece was staring at him the whole time. Finally he got a little self conscious and he said, “Missie, why are you looking at me like that?” She says, “I want to see you drink like a fish!”
11. Music: “Creole Belle Medley.”
When Danny started hearing recordings of other guitar players he was fascinated by all the ways there were to play. But left on his own, he’d gravitate toward what they called country blues. He especially loved the finger-style players . . . the drop thumb alternating bass where the thumb would keep the bass going while the fingers played melodic elements and counter melodies and harmonies. That’s what you’d hear him playing in an unguarded moment.
He might not have realized that Jack was doing something similar with the stride left hand on the piano, octaves and tenths. Mississippi John Hurt had a hit record in 1927 with a song called, “Avalon.” Danny learned a lot of his tunes including this one, Creole Belle.
12. Music: “The Man Who Loves a Train.”
In 1929 the whole Paul Whiteman band boarded a train for Hollywood. Whiteman had written a best-selling book, “The King of Jazz,” and it was being made into a movie. This was a private train paid for by the sponsors of the Old Gold Hour, Whiteman’s weekly radio show, and thirty of the band members and staff, with reporters and tobacco company executives – there was even a box car for Whiteman’s Deusenberg.
It took a couple of weeks to cross the country, Eddie Lange and Joe Venuti, Bix Beiderbecke, Frankie Traumbaur, Bing Crosby, even a stow-away, young Hoagy Charmichael.
In one of those long afternoon bull sessions, somebody brought up the old idea that there was something special about sex on a train. Something about the vibration. Bix seemed particularly fascinated by that, and that’s how Danny happened to write that song.
13. Music: “Brother, Can You Spare a Dime?”
Loraine and little Johnny came out on the Super chief and joined the guys in Los Angeles for about a week. They had time to do some tourist things, Olvera Street and a couple museums, got to see the ocean at Santa Monica, took a train down to San Diego and went over into Mexico for the day.
While the band was in the West, they started hearing news of the stock market crash. When they got home it was just in time to see New York starting to slide into the depression.
Yip Harburg was a friend of Danny’s. He and Jay Gorney wrote the song that was to become an anthem of the times.
14. Music: “Good Old Wagon.”
Loraine seemed to derive such energy from the music of Ethyl Waters and Ma Rainey. Sophie Tucker made her laugh until she’d cry. She loved it when Danny would take her out to the clubs. She especially loved the music of Bessie Smith. She identified with Bessie’s outspoken, even sometimes raw presence. She sang with so much heart, and she could tease and scandalize and seduce you all at the same time.
Sometimes Loraine would say things that she’d heard Bessie Smith say, but she went too far one night when she whispered in Danny’s ear at the most inauspicious moment, “You’re a good old wagon, honey, but you done broke down.”
15. Music: “St. James Infirmary Blues.”
Danny heard from Hammond that Bessie Smith had died in a car accident in Kentucky. Hammond had produced Bessie’s last sessions and had done a lot to help her over the years. First reports said that she had been turned away from a segregated hospital. This turned out not to be true, but Hammond never quite gave up the resentment that it could so easily have been true.
16. Music: “Let the Rain Decide.”
Bix Beiderbecke died in 1931. He was only 28 years old. He had lived fast and burned bright. There was nobody quite like him. That same year, Eddie Lang died from complications of an operation to remove his tonsils. Danny had seen so many friends go on to the next world without really knowing how he felt about all that. He just had to let them go. And then in 1936 after little more than twenty years together, he lost Loraine.
In a nostalgic moment, Danny would throw his head back and the dream would come over him. You could see he was remembering.
17. Music: “Basie’s Boogie.”
After about a year, Hammond called Danny. He wanted him to come and help him with a new project. Benny Goodman had hired Carnegie Hall for a concert, and Hammond thought they could do a more varied program.
On December 23, 1938, John Hammond presented what he called, “Spirituals to Swing.” The concert featured Billy Holiday, Sonny Terry, Bill Broonzy and Count Basie. Danny said it was the greatest night of his life.
Johnny Hammond was such an interesting character. He was born into great privilege, his mother the granddaughter of Commodore Vanderbilt, the richest man in the country at his death in 1879. Hammond never made a big thing about his money, but he had the funds to help out some of the musicians he would encounter with a meal or a bus ticket. He paid for some recording sessions and wrote articles for the first jazz magazines.
But he had a special radio in his car, custom made for him by the Motorola Company. It had twelve tubes and was so powerful that it could pull in stations from a long way off, especially at night. He would often go out to his car to scan the dial, and one night in Chicago he heard an amazing sound on a broadcast out of Kansas City. He tracked down the young William Basie and devoted himself to making him a star.
18. Music: “God Is Love.”
Without Loraine Danny would retreat into his music with a kind of monk-like resignation. He lived for ideas, and for the perfection of a song. He and Johnny would work, but then he didn’t really have anybody else he could relate to. There was Young Johnny of course. But Young Johnny had graduated from college and was on his own.
Danny did a lot of his best writing during this time, but his search for some universal truth about the big issues, life and death, would take sacrifice, especially during the War. In the last few days of the battle for Europe, Little Johnny’s transport went down in the English Channel. Nothing was ever found.
Danny had to admit that he had learned very little about the world, and less about himself. A part of him was still that feral child cringing in some squalid crawlspace, swaddled in newspapers against the mean grey cold. Was there anything he could say about the eternal – something he could honestly pass along? He put the best of his thoughts into a song and then he never wrote another.
19. Music: “Wade In the Water.”
Years before when Danny and Johnny were just kids, Jack would pick up the tempo and keep things going with an old spiritual, a song that Danny thought was kind of an improbable hymn. He wondered what it meant, that “God’s gonna trouble the waters.” Somebody said that the song was a coded message for the runaway slaves to avoid trackers. But it also seemed to offer the idea that life was there to be experienced completely, and without fear.
20. Music: “The Sunny Side of the Street.”
March 21, 2010Danny and Johnny meet Samuel Clemens
February 24, 2010Charles Lindbergh stuns the nation flying solo across the Atlantic.
February 23, 2010Players Mix with Gansters as the Speakeasies Become Second Home to Many Jazz Musicians.
Visit Compass Rose Music
Site by Document One
|
cc/2020-05/en_head_0015.json.gz/line20
|
__label__wiki
| 0.633394
| 0.633394
|
Sodom & Gomorrah
Sodom & Gomorrah along wth Zoar, Admah and Zeboim constituted the Cities of the Plain referred to in the Bible and believed to have been situated in the Jordan Valley before their obliteration (apart from Zoar) in a catastrophic episode during the 2nd millennium BC. Explanations, religious and rational have been offered to explain the event. My preferred explanation is that an encounter with an extraterrestrial body such as a comet or asteroid caused the devastation(d).
In October 2015, there were reports that the sites of Sodom and Gomorrah had been finally located(a). November 2018 saw a further claim(b) that Sodom and possibly other the ‘cities of the plain’ had been destroyed by a meteoric airburst, similar to the Tunguska or the more recent Chelyabinsk events. This catastrophe took place north of the Red Sea in what is now Jordan according to archaeologist Phillip Silvia of Trinity Southwest University in Albuquerque.
Silvia’s conclusions have been confirmed by Dr. Steven Collins(c) who has excavated at the Tell el-Hammam site and describes his findings in his book co-authored with Dr. Latayne C. Scott, Discovering the City of Sodom [1625].
In Atlantis and other Lost Worlds [1535], Frank Joseph claims that Comet Encke in 1198 BC “scores a number of meteoric hits along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge and possibly on Atlantis itself, which perishes ‘in a single day and night’, according to Plato. The catastrophe is global, encompassing the destruction of the biblical Sodom and Gomorrah” Joseph bases this on the studies of two Swedish geologists, Thomas B. Larsson and Lars Franzén.
This linkage of Sodom with Atlantis is not new. In the 18th century, Carl Friedrich Baër (1719-1797) who was pastor at the Lutheran chapel in the Swedish Embassy in Paris, was possibly the first to propose a connection between the demise of Atlantis and the destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah.
A similar theory was proposed by Roger M. Pearlman in a 2018 booklet [1596], . In this small, difficult to read, book the author also suggests, a linkage between the destruction of Sodom & Gomorrah and Atlantis, placeing Atlantis in the Jordan Valley and equating Abraham with Atlas – “If Atlas as described in Plato’s work was based on a historic figure, Abraham alone meets key criteria.”
On a lighter note, in 1948, William Comyns Beaumont published an extraordinary book, Britain – The Key to World History [0088], in which he claimed among other things, that Edinburgh was the original Jerusalem, London was Damascus and rather worryingly, that Bristol was Sodom.
(a) https://www.ancient-origins.net/news-history-archaeology/archaeologists-claim-have-discovered-location-biblical-city-sodom-004148
(b) https://web.archive.org/web/20190209070724/https://www.wnd.com/2018/11/scientists-sodom-destroyed-by-superheated-blast-from-skies/
(c) https://www.assistnews.net/more-evidence-confirms-tall-el-hammam-as-Sodom/
(d) https://www.thevintagenews.com/2018/12/28/sodom-and-gomorrah/
See: Köfels Impact
Tagged Abraham, Admah, Atlas, Bristol, Carl Friedrich Baer, Chelyabinsk, Cities of the Plain, Comet Encke, Frank Joseph, Gomorrah, Jordan Valley, Lars Franzén., Latayne C. Scott, Mid Atlantic Ridge, Phillip Silvia, Roger M. Pearlman, Sodom, Steven Collins, Thomas B. Larsson, Tunguska, William Comyns Beaumont, Zeboim, Zoar
Pearlman, Roger, M
Roger M. Pearlman is a Torah scholar, who has written extensively on the reconciliation of the Torah with science. A number of his papers can be found on the academia.edu website.
He has also tackled the subject of Atlantis in his Plato’s Atlantis Legend Resolution: Abraham is the Real Atlas (1596). Apart from the unexpected identification of Abraham, he also equates Hercules with the biblical Samson and places the Pillars of Hercules at Gaza! Disturbingly, he suggests that Sodom can be identified as Atlantis. Then, for good measure, he maintains that Gobekli Tape was founded by Noah’s family!
Tagged Abraham, Atlas, Gaza, Gobekli Tepe, Hercules, Noah, Pillars of Hercules, Roger M. Pearlman, Samson, Sodom, Torah
Diffusion is the anthropological term used to describe how similar customs, beliefs and artefact designs are spread between cultures through migration, invasion or trade. Diffusion is not just a ‘one-way street’ as history has shown that ideas have travelled in all directions, while in fact most ancient civilisations can be demonstrated to have absorbed cultural elements from a multiplicity of foreign societies. Today, globalisation has increased exponentially the variety of influences that all societies now experience. Not only is the number of these influences greater but the rate of increase is apparently accelerating. The ubiquity of Coca-Cola, T-shirts, Irish pubs, Japanese cameras, German cars, English language, Guinness, Chinese toys, ABBA, AK-47s etc., etc., etc., are indicative of the global reach of commercial ‘empires’ today. In older civilisations trade was more concerned with commodities such as metals, olive oil, wine, amber, obsidian, or timber, so the technologies involved in their production or exploitation were also exchanged.
The development of agriculture also saw techniques spread, which had to be modified to suit different climates, although recent studies indicate that agriculture started around the same time in a number of centres(I).
in the Fertile Crescent as far north as the Zagros Mountains. Further north, on the steppes of Russia, horses were domesticated and apparently there also the use of chariots originated. A book by David W. Anthony also attributes the region with being the source of what is known as the Proto-Indo-European family of languages[1356].
Societal concepts, religious or legal were no different as their geographical spread can also be traced over time. Consider the different strands of the Abrahamic faiths, beginning with Judaism, which spawned Christianity and later was joined by Islam through Muhammad, who claimed to be a descendant of Abraham. Similarly, democracy has slowly evolved and spread over time and still has a long way to go.
Since early man left Africa, he has had ample time to settle all over our planet and exploit it resources, moving from being a hunter-gatherer to becoming a settled farmer, developing urban centres (city states), then empires and the inevitable wars. Wars, then like today, led to the develop of new technologies, chariots, longbows, armour, to be copied and if possible improved upon, by each side.
My view is that initially, technology and techniques were freely exchanged between peoples, until gradually the idea of monopoly entered the human psyche, eventually leading to the paranoia and greed associated with the ownership of ‘intellectual property’ today. I would speculate that a freer and possibly gentler diffusion of ideas lasted until, at the earliest, the first millennium BC.
In 2014, the University of Connecticut published the result of studies which demonstrated that human technological innovation occurred intermittently throughout the Old World, rather than spreading from a single point of origin, as previously thought(j).
Egerton Sykes, a leading 20th century Atlantologist, was a committed diffusionist, describing it as “the lifeblood of civilisation”(h).
A more extreme view is the concept of ‘hyperdiffusion’, which is the idea that there was a single ‘mother-culture’ which led to the development of all major civilisations. Ignatius Donnelly was a hyperdiffusionist, advocating Atlantis as the mother culture. His ‘heretical’ views were highlighted by the range of similarities between structures around the world in apparently unrelated cultures, which seem to greatly exceed what could be expected by mere coincidence alone. This is explored further in a recent illustrated article on the Malagabay website(v).
Similarly James Churchward proposed his invention, Mu, as an alternative hyperdiffusion centre. Perhaps better known is the work of W. J. Perry who was convinced [1353] that an archaic civilisation had begun in Egypt and gradually spread eastward through Asia and Polynesia, eventually reaching the Americas. Ben Urish published a paper(d) in 1986 that offers a critical overview[969] of hyperdiffusion.
Konrad Kulczyk promotes a hyperdiffusionist theory that places his proto-civilisation, New Atlantis, just south of the Aral Sea(e).
Ivar Zapp proposes a global seafaring civilisation thousands of years before the Greeks, Egyptians or Sumerians(k) in an as yet unpublished book, Babel Deciphered.
Hyperdiffusion is clearly a seductive theory having attracted the attention of researchers such as Richard Cassaro, who has produced an impressive collection of visual cultural similarities between ancient Egypt and pre-Columbian America(a). While the idea is not new, Cassaro’s images highlight the concept of diffusion very effectively, although he has, in my opinion overinterpreted the evidence in order to support hyperdiffusion.
Cassaro published The Missing Link[1208] in 2016 in which he expands on the widespread distribution of what he refers to as the ‘godself icon’. Although he clearly demonstrates that the motif has an extensive geographical spread it is equally obvious that the appearance of the icon is spread over a vast period of time apparently coinciding with the emergence of civilisation in different places at very different times, which, in my view, is not fully compatible with the concept of hyperdiffusion, as I would have expected a ‘mother-culture’, if such existed, to have spread its global influence far more rapidly.
A comparable discovery has been made by Ozgür Baris Etli, who has drawn attention(o) to carved hands at Göbekli Tepe that have counterparts in many other parts of the world where hands meeting at the navel are similarly depicted. I recently came across an image of(q) a megalithic statue in the Indonesian Bada Valley(u) showing its hands in a similar position.
Having mentioned Indonesia, I must draw your attention to a recent book by Dhani Irwanto, entitled Sundaland: Tracing the Cradle of Civilizations (1618), in which he makes a strong case for considering his native land as an ancient diffusionist centre, which experienced waves of emigration at the end of the Younger Dry as period that influenced the great civilisations of the Indus Valley, Egypt and Greece. Irwanto also claims that their cultural impact included the transference of the story of Atlantis from its original home in Sundaland.
Equally intriguing is the ‘Three Hares’ motif, found across Europe, the Middle East and as far as China(p) and now the subject of a book by Greeves, Andrew & Chapman[1210]. Another stylised symbol is that of the rosette found in the Mediterranean and spread as far as India(r)(s).
In a similar vein Jim Allen has devoted chapter three of his latest book to outlining what he entitled Bolivia and the Sumerian Connection(b). Arguably even more impressive is the array of images presented by Allen(c) suggesting that the civilisations of America were greatly influenced by ancient cultures in both east and west. It is obvious that a number of artifacts can be developed independently, but at some point the number of similar items produced by two separate cultures can exceed the number that can be reasonably put down to coincidence. The number of similarities presented by Allen alone clearly exceeds that threshold, demonstrating that the Americas were influenced by different sources, ruling out Americas as the home of a mother-culture.
The whole subject of diffusion is wide ranging and complex and well beyond my competence to do it justice in this short entry. However, for those interested in pursuing the subject further, I would like to recommend a 1997 paper(l) by David H. Kelley (1924-2011), available on Dale Drinnon’s website.
Egypt is frequently mentioned in this regard being seen as the influence behind Neolithic megalith building AND the pyramids of Central America, in spite of the fact that Newgrange was constructed before the Egyptian Pyramids and the New World pyramids were built thousands of years after those in Egypt. Atlantis is regularly suggested as another mother- culture but without a single piece of evidence to support this speculative contention. For decades the idea that the pyramids of Egypt and those in the Americas were the consequence of diffusion from a common source, namely Atlantis situated in the Atlantic was heavily promoted. However, we can now more closely identify the pyramids of America with the step-pyramids of China!
Consequently, for me, hyperdiffusion is not convincing. History has clearly shown that inventions have frequently been independently developed at the same time in different countries, while even in prehistoric times it has been demonstrated(f) that the evolution of stone tools took place as a result of the innovative abilities of local populations, addressing the same needs.
A word of warning; “recent research published in Nature by a team led by Tomos Proffitt at the University of Oxford shows that capuchin monkeys regularly produce sharp-edged flakes indistinguishable from those made by early hominins.”(t)
Even today technologies are developed independently throughout the world, but not in complete isolation, because of the instant worldwide communications available.
As a result of global marketing, in Ireland now we drive German, British and Japanese cars, use US computer technology and play with Chinese toys. However, being generous by nature, we gave the world the Irish pub, Riverdance and Guinness.
A two-part blog(m)(n) highlighting the many weaknesses in the concept of hyperdiffusion should be required reading for anyone interested in the subject.
Although Donnelly and his contemporaries, focused on the possibility of Old World influences in the New World, today, there is less of a Mediterranean centred or Eurocentric approach to diffusionism. Instead, there is greater acceptance that the Americas have also had extensive cultural influences from Asia.
*(a) https://web.archive.org/web/20160305000748/http://www.richardcassaro.com/suppressed-by-scholars-the-mystery-of-twin-cultures-egyptians-incas-on-opposite-sides-of-the-globe*
(b) http://www.atlantisbolivia.org/boliviaandthesumerianconnection.htm
(c) http://www.atlantisbolivia.org/artefacts.htm
(d) http://soar.wichita.edu/bitstream/handle/10057/1746/LAJ_v11_no1_p75-87.pdf?sequence=3
(e) http://blog.world-mysteries.com/mystic-places/new-atlantis-the-source-of-civilization-on-earth/
(f) http://popular-archaeology.com/issue/fall-09012014/article/prehistoric-stone-tools-evolved-independently-within-local-populations-say-researchers
(g) http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2014-09/uoc-sas091914.php
(h) http://www.seachild.net/atlantology/fields/socialsci.html
(I) http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/07/130705101629.htm
(j) http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2014-09/uoc-sas091914.php
(k) http://www.prestige-ocean-properties.com/blogs/michael_mills/archive/2012/10/13/unusual-theory-about-stone-spheres-in-costa-rica.aspx
(l) See: Archive 3563
(m) https://skepticalcubefarm.wordpress.com/2012/02/29/hyperdiffusionism-a-blog-in-two-parts/
(n) https://skepticalcubefarm.wordpress.com/2012/02/29/hyperdiffusionism-part-the-second/
(o) http://www.ancient-origins.net/opinion-guest-authors/statues-and-symbolic-gestures-link-ancient-g-bekli-tepe-easter-island-020384?nopaging=1
(p) http://www.ancient-origins.net/history/three-hares-motif-cross-cultural-symbol-numerous-interpretations-005640?nopaging=1
(q) http://www.ancient-origins.net/ancient-places-asia/exploring-mysterious-megaliths-bada-valley-indonesia-006032
(r) https://aratta.wordpress.com/the-rosette-symbol/
(s) http://www.sophia-project.net/conferences/HeavenAndEarth/presentations/pdfs/CherylHart.pdf
(t) https://cosmosmagazine.com/palaeontology/stone-tools-may-not-have-been-made-by-human-ancestors-research-finds
*(u) Atlantis Rising No.110 March/April 2015 p.41*
(v) https://malagabay.wordpress.com/2016/02/25/ignatius-donnelly-trans-atlantic-architecture/
Tagged Abraham, Aral Sea, Bada Valley, Ben Urish, Dale Drinnon, David H. Kelley, David W. Anthony, Diffusionism, Egerton Sykes, Fertile Crescent, Gobekli Tepe, Greeves Andrew & Chapman, Guinness, Hyperdiffusion, Ignatius Donnelly, India, Indonesia, Ivar Zapp, James Churchward, Jim Allen, Konrad Kulczyk, Malagabay, Mu, Ozgür Baris Etli, pyramids, Richard Cassaro, Riverdance, rosette motif, Three Hares, W. J. Perry, Zagros Mountains
Göbekli Tepe is a site in South-East Turkey, just north of the Syrian border near the town of Sanliurfa that has been excavated for the past 15 years. The work has been led by the German archaeologist, the late Klaus Schmidt, who has dated the site to 9600 BC, eerily coinciding with Plato’s apparent date for the war with Atlantis. In fairness to those who accept Plato’s date, the existence of the monuments at Göbekli Tepe at such an early date at least indicates the possibility, of Plato’s date being correct. However, I am not altogether happy with the date assigned to the site, as I cannot imagine how the stones were carved to such a high standard without metal tools, a development still some thousands of years in the future. Dating details are available online(ar).
*There is now a claim that another site, Körtik Tepe, may be even older(av), with a suggested date of 12,500 to 11,700 years ago!*
A paper by Schmidt on the development of agriculture at the time of Göbekli Tepe is freely available online(ao)
Sanliurfa mentioned above, was ancient Urfa and is suggested by David Rohl as the original Ur of the Chaldees, the birthplace of Abraham.
The site consists of megalithic stone circles with T-shaped uprights on some of which are carved a variety of animals. What is most peculiar is the fact that these monuments were completely buried after hundreds of years of use. One suggestion is that that the site is pre-diluvian and was buried by the biblical Flood!
A paper by Alastair Coombs entitled The Atlantis Twins offered further thoughts on possible prehistoric references, including a suggested link with Göbekli Tepe. This was expanded and retitled Göbekli Tepe & the Atlantis Twins and later published on Graham Hancock’s website(aq).
Schmidt ws convinced that this site marked the transition from a hunter-gatherer to an agricultural society. An interesting article is to be found in the March/April 2009 issue of Saudi Aramco World and on its website(a).
The consensus now is that Göbekli Tepe is the oldest known temple in the world, predating the temples of Malta by an astonishing 4,000-5,000 years. This, of course, is based on the dating offered by Schmidt, which may require revision. However, Adam’s Calendar(c) in Mpumalanga, South Africa, has been dated to over 70,000 BC, which, if true, would throw an even greater number of theories onto the scrapheap.
However, the idea that Göbekli Tepe is a temple site has been challenged by Professor Ted Banning at the University of Toronto, who has claimed(j) that it was ‘one of the world’s biggest garbage dumps’ suggested by the amounts of bones, tools and charcoal found there. Instead, he claims that the structures were homes, I personally find this unconvincing. Needless to say Schmidt was also unhappy with Banning’s contention and was writing a rebuttal of his claim, which I’m not sure if this was completed or published.
Readers might be interested in comparing the monuments of Gobekli Tepe with the taulas of Menorca(d)at the far end of the Mediterranean. Some of which are also to be found in clusters.
Studies have apparently confirmed astronomical alignments at these sites(i). A German site has highlighted a possible connection(ac). The most extensive publication on the subject of taulas was published in 1995 by Hochsieder & Knösel, in French[1064].
Studies have apparently confirmed astronomical alignments at these sites(i). National Geographic magazine published a leading article on the site in June 2011, which can be read online(e). A new website devoted to Göbekli Tepe with more images is worth a visit(f). Another well illustrated site(k) has drawn attention to the possibility that the animal images at the site match constellations at the time they were carved. It will be interesting to see how this particular investigation proceeds.
Nevertheless, another temple site 30 km to the northwest, Nevali Çori(g), dated to 6,000 BC also has T-shaped pillars but in my mind it raises the question of how the same form of monument would still be in use three and a half thousand years later. I would expect some stylistic evolution unless of course the dating of the two sites should be closer.
Another large site designated as Karahan Tepe(t), which is 63 km east of Sanliurfa has hundreds of pillars, many T-shaped, but the site has yet to be excavated. Page 6 of a pdf file(h) will give you more details. In September 2019, a start on the excavation of the site was announced(aw).
A Norwegian website(l) has some little-seen images of the Göbekli Tepe site.
A new suggestion has now emerged linking Easter Island and the ongoing discoveries at Göbekli Tepe. This seems to date back to early 2010(m) and has now been given greater prominence in Robert Schoch’s most recent book, Forgotten Civilization[867]. A 2013 article(n) by Schoch includes a report of a recent visit by him to the site.
In July 2013 a paper(o)(p) by Giulio Magli explores the possibility that Göbekli Tepe had been constructed to “celebrate and successively follow the appearance of a new, extremely brilliant star in the southern skies: Sirius.” Sirius is the brightest star and had significance for ancient Egyptians and Greeks and features in Robert Temple’s theory regarding the astronomical knowledge of the Dogon people of Mali.
Amanda Laoupi has written a five-part paper in which she expands on the significance of Sirius for the Pelasgians, among others(al).
Magli’s suggestion has been dismissed in a paper(q) by Andrew Collins and Rodney Hale, who have made the alternative proposal that if there was an intended astronomical orientation, a more likely candidate was the star Deneb in the Cygnus constellation. Collins has already explored the significance of that constellation in the ancient cultures of America, Egypt and Britain in The Cygnus Mystery[075]. In 2014 Collins devoted an entire book to the Göbekli Tepe discoveries with the publication of Göbekli Tepe: Genesis of the Gods[983]. In it he refers briefly to Atlantis commenting that “Plato’s account of Atlantis might well be based on some kind of historical reality” (p.168). This seems to lack the certainty he showed in his best-selling Gateway to Atlantis[073]. Additionally, Collins has produced a 68-minute video entitled Gobekli Tepe and the Watchers of Eden, referencing his earlier work(w). A preview(y) of Genesis of the Gods has been published on a number of websites including Academia.edu and Graham Hancock.com. Collins’ book has been heavily criticised as pseudoscience(an) by at least one commentator.
Hugh Newman, author and self-confessed ‘megalithomaniac’ has now proposed links between Göbekli Tepe and ancient Peru. He has also managed to include Göbekli Tepe in his theory of earth grids(r). Another writer, Trebha Cooper, claims a link between France and Göbekli Tepe(x)!
The unexpected death of Klaus Schmidt (1953-2014) took place on Sunday July 20th 2014 and announced shortly afterwards(s).
In September 2014, archaeologists on the site were describing it as “the oldest known sculptural workshop on the planet.”(v)
The excellent The Stream of Time website from ‘antiquated antiquarian’ has a couple of well illustrated blogs relating to Göbekli Tepe(z) and the region generally.
In April 2015, the Ancient Origins website published a two-part article(ag) by Ozgür Baris Etli, a Turkish scientist,in which he discusses the most recent discoveries on the site. The article(aa)(ab) is well illustrated as the author reviews the carvings there and their possible relevance to the early development of religion. In a 2016 article(ah), on the same site, he has drawn attention to the similarity of the position of carved hands at Göbekli Tepe, Easter Island as well as number of other sites around the world where the hands are shown meeting at the navel. The significance of this, if any, is not known.
What has been identified as possibly the earliest pictograph in the world has now been revealed at the Göbekli Tepe site(ad). Andrew Collins also claims(ae) to have found the earliest depiction of Göbekli Tepe in the museum at Sanliurfa. Not unexpectedly Jason Colavito has a few words to say on the matter(af). Colavito also has a critical view(ai) of the recent Turkish documentary, supported by the government, which claims that Göbekli Tepe was built by Telah, Abraham’s father, and destroyed by Abraham. So who built Nevali Çori?
The March 2017 edition of Mediterranean Archaeology & Archaeometry (Vol.17, No.1, pp 233-250) includes a paper(aj) by M.B. Sweatman & D. Tsikritsis of the University of Edinburgh. In it they claim that the animals carved on the Göbekli Tepe pillars represent asterisms and that they found “compelling evidence that the famous ‘Vulture Stone’ is a date stamp for 10950 BC ± 250 yrs, which corresponds closely to the proposed Younger Dryas event, estimated at 10890 BC.” Understandably, their claims have been met with stony scepticism(ak). Sweatman has expanded his ideas further in Prehistory Decoded [1621].
In an August 2019 article on Graham Hancock’s website(at) Sweatman ventures further into the realms of wild speculation with the suggestion that Göbekli Tepe should be considered the world’s first ‘university’. This obviously had Jason Colavito spluttering into his cereal bowl, prompting him to apply his literary scalpel to the idea(au) .
Constantinos Ragazas has produced a paper(am) in which he argues against the early date ascribed to Göbekli Tepe by Schmidt and others. He ponders on “How a Date can go wrong: Were Göbekli Tepe built 600 BC by Babylonians/Assyrians, no one would flinch a thought. It is the Date that makes Göbekli Tepe an enigma. The great dilemma for archaeologists is reconciling the date with the people that built Göbekli Tepe. Either the date is wrong or our theories of prehistoric people are wrong. And prehistoric people were more capable 12,000 years ago than all our other evidence tell us. Archeologists trust their date over their understanding of prehistoric people. I argue the date is wrong. And prehistoric people were as we have always thought.” While this is controversial enough, Ragazas goes further and claims that Göbekli Tepe is in fact the site of the ‘Hanging Gardens of Babylon’!
However, Ragazas’ reservations regarding the early dating of Göbekli Tepe were given further support in an extensive 2016 paper(ap) by Dimitrios Dendrinos of the University of Kansas.
In March 2019, a paper by Roger M. Pearlman put forward another radical idea, namely, that Göbekli Tepe had been founded by Noah (Noach) and his sons(as).
There was further excitement at Göbekli Tepe in September 2019 when Andrew Collins was removed from the site and his book, From the Ashes of Angels, banned in Turkey and Collins himself may be subject to a ban. It seems that he may have expressed pro-Kurdish sentiments, which is a big no-no with the Turkish authorities. It is also speculated that some of Collins’ historical views run counter to some extreme Islamic interpretation of the past!
2019 produced another radical theory from A.Refik Kutluer, a Turkish tourism executive, who has proposed in an interesting article(ax) that Göbekli Tepe was a site of ritual sacrifice. He suggests the possibility that as “Men tried to placate the gods to avoid their anger and to keep them satisfied. As the gods punished them with natural disasters taking many lives when they became angry, men sought a way to mollify the gods, killing some of their own to ward off the gods’ rage, thinking that the gods were satisfied when these people or animals were sacrificed.”
2019 also saw reports(ay) of a ‘mini’ Göbekli Tepe in the Mardin Province of south east Turkey and dated to 11,300 years ago.
*In 2019, Robert Schoch in a paper(ba) written with Manu Seyfzadeh has claimed that the “world’s first known written word at Göbekli Tepe on T-Shaped Pillar 18 means God”. In a recent Lost Origins podcast, Schoch repeated this claim, which led Jason Colavito to attack its credibility(bb), finding it “remarkable that he (Schoch) can translate a heretofore unsuspected system of writing in a 10,000-year-old language no one alive has ever heard. After all, several writing systems from historic times, such as linear A, related to languages that were only spoken a few thousand years ago, remain largely unreadable. We can’t even read Etruscan fluently, and yet Schoch has supposedly learned to read an Ice Age language! Think about that. For example, Old English is largely unintelligible to modern English speakers, while the Ice Age is removed in time from us by a factor of twenty times that chronological distance. The unlikeliness of Schoch’s claim boggles the mind.”*
There are now regular updates available regarding the ongoing work at the Göbekli site, with contributions from members of the Göbekli Tepe Archaeological Research Project.(az)
(a) http://archive.aramcoworld.com/issue/200902/the.beginning.of.the.end.for.hunter-gatherers.htm
(c) https://www.ancient-origins.net/ancient-places-africa/adam-s-calendar-oldest-megalithic-site-world-003160
(d) http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taula
(e) http://ngm.nationalgeographic.com/2011/06/gobekli-tepe/mann-text
(f) http://www.gobeklitepe.info/news.html
(g) http://www.megalithic.co.uk/article.php?sid=14991
(h) http://www.exoriente.org/docs/00019.pdf
(i) https://web.archive.org/web/20080425092420/http://perso.wanadoo.es/chanches/menorca/taulas/binisaes.htm
(j) http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2050908/Gobekli-Tepe-Temple-thats-6-500-years-older-Stonehenge-house.html
(k) https://web.archive.org/web/20180215143747/http://timothystephany.com/gobekli.html
(l) http://spredtetanker.wordpress.com/tag/atlantis/
(m)http://www.unexplained-mysteries.com/forum/index.php?showtopic=176228
(n) http://www.newdawnmagazine.com/articles/the-mystery-of-gobekli-tepe-and-its-message-to-us
(o) http://arxiv.org/abs/1307.8397
(p) http://www.newscientist.com/article/mg21929303.400-worlds-oldest-temple-built-to-worship-the-dog-star.html
(q) http://www.andrewcollins.com/page/articles/Gobekli_Sirius.htm
(r) http://www.grahamhancock.com/forum/NewmanH2.php
(s) http://maviboncuk.blogspot.com.mt/2014/07/in-memoriam-klaus-schmidt-1953-2014.html
(t) http://www.ancient-origins.net/ancient-places-europe-opinion-guest-authors/forgotten-stones-karahan-tepe-turkey-001917
(u) http://www.press.uchicago.edu/pressReleases/2011/October/CA_1110_Gobekli.html
(v) http://www.ancient-origins.net/news-history-archaeology/excavations-reveal-gobekli-tepe-had-oldest-known-sculptural-workshop-002031
(w) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BxW9uU0r8jQ
(x) http://www.grahamhancock.com/forum/CooperT1.php
(y) http://www.wakingtimes.com/2014/06/25/gobekli-tepe-built-2/
(z) http://antiquatedantiquarian.blogspot.ie/2014_11_01_archive.html
(aa) http://www.ancient-origins.net/opinion/secret-gobekli-tepe-cosmic-equinox-and-sacred-marriage-part-1-002861
(ab) http://www.ancient-origins.net/opinion/secret-gobekli-tepe-cosmic-equinox-and-sacred-marriage-part-ii-002862
(ac) http://www.efodon.de/html/publik/sy/SY124/SY12412%20Augustin%20-%20Menorca-Taulas.pdf
(ad) http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/signs-of-worlds-first-pictograph-found-in-gobeklitepe-.aspx?PageID=238&NID=85438&NewsCatID=375
(ae) http://www.ancient-origins.net/news-history-archaeology/first-pictorial-representation-gobekli-tepe-found-003862
(af) http://www.jasoncolavito.com/blog/andrew-collins-claims-to-have-found-the-earliest-depiction-of-gobekli-tepe-in-art
(ag) http://www.ancient-origins.net/users/ozgur
(ah) http://www.ancient-origins.net/opinion-guest-authors/statues-and-symbolic-gestures-link-ancient-g-bekli-tepe-easter-island-020384?nopaging=1
(ai) http://www.jasoncolavito.com/blog/turkish-government-funds-documentary-claiming-gobekli-tepe-was-built-by-abrahams-father-and-destroyed-by-Abraham
(aj) http://maajournal.com/Issues/2017/Vol17-1/Sweatman%20and%20Tsikritsis%2017%281%29.pdf
(ak) http://www.jasoncolavito.com/blog/academic-journal-runs-article-claiming-gobekli-tepe-records-comet-strike-misses-fact-that-article-is-based-on-speculative-andrew-collins-book
(al) http://www.q-mag.org/amanda-laoupi-the-pelasgian-spiritual-substratum-of-the-bronze-age-mediterranean-and-circum-pontic-world-1.html
(am) https://www.researchgate.net/publication/271076011_The_Hanging_Gardens_of_Gobekli_Tepe
(an) http://dtc-wsuv.org/afryer15/portfolio/gobeklitep
(ao) https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/084d/c4204c7531fed6dc910efbe0caa1fbc85a11.pdf
(ap) https://www.researchgate.net/publication/317433791_Dating_Gobekli_Tepe
(aq) http://grahamhancock.com/coombsa1/
(ar) https://www.dainst.blog/the-tepe-telegrams/2016/06/22/how-old-ist-it-dating-gobekli-tepe/
(as) https://www.academia.edu/38664571/Gobekli_Tepe_founded_by_NoahGöbekli Tepe_and_sons?email_work_card=title
(at) https://grahamhancock.com/sweatmanm1/
(au) http://www.jasoncolavito.com/blog/martin-sweatman-claims-gobekli-tepe-was-a-university-teaching-civilization-to-africa-europe-and-asia
(av) https://www.sott.net/article/421222-Kortik-Tepe-Older-than-Gobekli-Tepe
(aw) http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/karahantepe-excavations-start-in-sanliurfa-146434
(ax) https://www.ancient-origins.net/ancient-places-asia/gobeklitepe-0012722
(ay) https://www.ancient-origins.net/news-history-archaeology/mini-g-bekli-tepe-0012801
(az) https://www.dainst.blog/the-tepe-telegrams/home/
*(ba) https://www.researchgate.net/publication/330759548_World’s_First_Known_Written_Word_at_Gobekli_Tepe_on_T-Shaped_Pillar_18_Means_God
(bb) http://www.jasoncolavito.com/blog/geologist-robert-schoch-claims-to-be-able-to-translate-alleged-writing-at-gobekli-tepe*
Tagged ?anliurfa, A.Refik Kutluer, Abraham, Adam's Calendar, Amanda Laoupi, Ancient Origins, Andrew Collins, Constantinos Ragazas, Cygnus, David Rohl, Deneb, Dimitrios Dendrinos, Dogon, earth grids, Easter Island, Giulio Magli, Gobekli Tepe, Hochsieder & Knösel, Hugh Newman, Jason Colavito, Karahan Tepe, Klaus Schmidt, Kortik Tepe, M.B. Sweatman, Malta, Manu Seyfzadeh, Menorca, Nevali Çori, Noah, Ozgür Baris Etli, Pelasgians, Peru, Robert Schoch, Robert Temple, Rodney Hale, Roger M. Pearlman, Sirius, taulas, Ted Banning, Telah, Trebha Cooper, Turkey, Ur of Chaldees, Younger Dryas
|
cc/2020-05/en_head_0015.json.gz/line25
|
__label__wiki
| 0.672755
| 0.672755
|
Sundaland
Mascarene Islands
The Mascarene Islands are a group of volcanic islands in the Indian Ocean that includes Mauritius, Réunion, and Rodrigues. The archipelago is at the southern end of the submerged Mascarene Sea Plateau, which has now been claimed as the location of Plato’s sunken continent of Atlantis.
This contention has been made on a website(a), entitled Atlantic Consequence: The Final Solution. In a three-part document, the anonymous author offers a spirited defence of this novel claim.
The author begins with the statement that “There is only one scientifically certified sunken continent in the World” namely the Mascarene Sea Plateau and therefore that is where Atlantis! This, of course, ignores the fact that Plato never referred to Atlantis as a continent and that many areas of the world, such as Sundaland, Doggerland and the Celtic Shelf, contain vast areas of submerged continental landmasses.
Tagged Atlantis, Celtic Shelf, Doggerland, Indian Ocean, Mascarene Islands, Mauritius, Réunion, Rodrigues, Sundaland
Irwanto, Dhani
Dhani Irwanto (1962- ) is an Indonesian hydraulic engineer, who is the latest proponent of the Sundaland location for Atlantis, in his April 2015 book, Atlantis: The lost city is in Java Sea[1093]. A review of his book online(a), shows quite clearly that the author has made a serious effort to match Plato’s narrative with his chosen location for Atlantis, namely off the southern coast of the island of Kalimantan in the Java Sea. Irwanto also uses his professional expertise to analyse Plato’s many references to the waterways of the Atlantean capital and it extensive plain. The review also includes a number of maps and video clips used to support Irwanto’s views.
Irwanto has also adopted(c) the 32-point checklist of dos Santos and expanded it to 60 points.(d)
Irwanto also claims that the biblical Garden of Eden and the legendary island of Taprobane were situated on the island of Kilimantan. In an extensive online(b) article in November 2015, he identified the Indonesian island of Sumatra as the land of Punt.
*In June 2017, Irwanto published an illustrated paper(e) on Aurea Chersonesus, referred to by Ptolemy in his 2nd century Geographia . Irwanto has matched details in Ptolemy’s description with a place in western Sumatra called Tanjungemas renowned for its gold mines in the ancient times.*
(a) https://ahmadsamantho.wordpress.com/2015/06/10/a-new-theory-of-atlantis-disclosed/
(b) http://atlantisjavasea.com/2015/11/14/land-of-punt-is-sumatera/
(c) https://atlantisjavasea.com/2015/10/28/professor-arysio-nunes-dos-santos-initiator-of-indonesian-atlantis-theory/
(d) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JT23A12-tDc&feature=youtu.be
*(e) https://atlantisjavasea.com/2017/06/08/aurea-chersonesus-is-in-sumatera/*
Tagged Arysio dos Santos, Aurea Chersonesus, checklist, Dhani Irwanto, Garden of Eden, Indonesia, Java Sea, Kalimantan, Kilmantan, Ptolemy, Punt, Sumatra, Sundaland, Tanjungemas, Taprobane
Gunung Padang
Gunung Padang is a megalithic site on the Indonesian island of Java, which was first surveyed in 1914 by the Dutch colonial authorities and published as Rapporten van de Oudheidkundige Dienst (Report of the Department of Antiquities). A post-war Australian investigation concluded that the site was much older than previously believed. Now, with presidential support, local archaeologists are carrying out an extensive investigation of the site.
The site has recently been claimed as part of Atlantis. A few years ago the late Arysio dos Santos was the leading proponent of Sundaland, which included Indonesia, as Atlantis. Now Danny Hilman Natawidjaja an Indonesian geologist has made a similar claim in his Kindle ebook, Plato Never Lied: Atlantis Is in Indonesia[961]. In it Gunung Padang plays an important role. Mount Padang has also been claimed as the world’s oldest pyramid!
Nevertheless, a recent (May 2017) assault on Natawidjaja’s theories in an open letter(i) from Rebecca Bradley has laid bare the weaknesses in his claims.
Graham Hancock has written a review(b) of the excavations at Gunung Padang and in October 2014 added further comments(d). Robert Schoch has also offered a geologist’s view of the site(f).
Andrew Collins has now added an article(h). to his website that examines the preliminary claim that the lower levels at the site could be 12,000 years older than Gobekli Tepe. If confirmed, it will undoubtedly require some rewriting of history books. Do not lose sight of the fact that radiocarbon dating has limitations, being accurate for up to around 6,000 years with increasing unreliability up to perhaps 50,000 BC after which it is generally useless.
We now (Nov. ’14) have a report(e) that some type of ‘electrical device’ has been discovered at the site ‘made out of gold and copper and seems to resemble a primitive electrical capacitator.’ Until further information is available this claim must be treated with caution.
There are, however, dissenting voices as reported by journalist, Michael Bachelard(g), such as vulcanologist Sutikno Bronto, who says “Gunung Padang is simply the neck of a nearby volcano, not an ancient pyramid.Danny Hilman is not a vulcanologist. I am.” As for the carbon-dated cement between the stones, on which Hilman relies for his claims about the age of the site, Sutikno believes it is simply the byproduct of a natural weathering process, ”not man-made”. Other sceptics are even tougher. One archaeologist, who does not wish to be named since the President took such an interest, says the presidential taskforce is deluding itself. ”In the Pawon cave in Padalarang [about 45 kilometres from Gunung Padang], we found some human bones and tools made of bones about 9500 years ago, or about 7000 BCE. So, if at 7000 BCE our technology was only producing tools of bones, how can people from 20,000 BCE obtain the technology to build a pyramid?” the archaeologist asks.
(a) http://projectavalon.net/forum4/showthread.php?62108-Is-Gunung-Padang-the-oldest-pyramid-on-the-planet
(b)http://wakeup-world.com/2014/07/03/new-archaeological-discoveries-uncover-the-mysteries-of-a-lost-civilisation/
(c) http://www.andrewcollins.com/page/articles/gp.htm
(d) http://www.grahamhancock.com/forum/HancockG10-Gunung-Padang-Latest.php
(e) https://web.archive.org/web/20170811003647/https://mysteriousearth.net/2016/05/11/amazing-2500-year-old-electrical-device-found-at-gunung-padang/
*(f) https://web.archive.org/web/20140716174346/http://atlantisrisingmagazine.com/2014/03/01/journey-to-gunung-padang/*
(g) http://www.smh.com.au/world/digging-for-the-truth-at-controversial-megalithic-site-20130726-2qphb.html
(h) https://www.facebook.com/notes/1076395952375272/
(i) http://www.skepticink.com/lateraltruth/2017/05/14/gunung-padang-open-letter-danny/
Tagged Andrew Collins, Arysio Nunes dos Santos, Atlantis, Danny Hilman Natawidjaja, Gobekli Tepe, Graham Hancock, Gunung Padang, Indonesia, Java, Megalith, Michael Bachelard, pyramids, radiocarbon dating, Rebecca Bradley, Robert Schoch, Sundaland, Sutikno Bronto
Tripura is the name of a triple city in Hindu mythology that was famed for its architecture and rich adornments. Its inhabitants are reputed to have become greedy over time and were destroyed by Shiva (Mahabharata, Bk7, Drona Parva, Sec.XI). The story is almost the same as that of Atlantis and its demise. Since 1997 until his death in 2005 the late Arysio Nunes dos Santos has championed the idea that Plato’s Atlantis narrative regarding a submerged civilisation had been borrowed from the east. He also linked Atlantis with Tripura(a).
2005 not only saw the death of dos Santos shortly after the publication of his theory in book form[320], while in Moscow, Sergey Teleguin had his book, Anatomy of a Myth, published in Russian, in which he also identified Tripura with Atlantis. An English translation of part of his book has now been provided by Teleguin(c).
R. Cedric Leonard has also linked Atlantis with Tripura, the capital of the island of Atala(b). However, Leonard has chosen the Azores as the most likely location for Atlantis and dos Santos opted for Sundaland, a large landmass, now partly submerged encompassing, among others, Thailand, the Philippines and Indonesia!
(a) http://www.atlan.org/articles/corroborating_evidence/
*(b) http://www.atlantisquest.com/Asura.html (offline March 2018)*
(c) http://atlantida.primordial.org.ua/archives/251
Tagged Arysio Nunes dos Santos, Atala, Azores, Indonesia, R. Cedric Leonard, Sergey Teleguin, Sundaland, Tripura
Persian Gulf, The
The Persian Gulf is just one of a variety of areas identified as having been mainly exposed land prior to the melting of the glaciers at the end of the last Ice Age(a). Archaeologist Dr. Jeffery Rose(b) recounts how this land which contained a large oasis used by humans from at least 74,000 years ago was finally inundated by the Indian Ocean around 6000 BC(c) Rose believes that “there is compelling evidence to suggest that both the Flood and Eden myths may be rooted in these events around the Gulf basin.” His views are more fully outlined in the December 2010 issue of the distinguished journal Current Anthropology(d)*and can now be accessed on the Academia.edu website(g).*This idea has been well received by some of his peers.
It has also been speculated that the Gulf may have been home to Plato’s Atlantis(e). This theory would place the Pillars of Heracles at the Strait of Hormuz.
A recent article(f) by Marilyn Luongo placing Atlantis in Mesopotamia, also identifies Hormuz as the location of the ‘Pillars’.
However, the Gulf is just one of a number of sites such as Doggerland in the North Sea and Sundaland in the South China Sea that have been proposed as the location of submerged Atlantis. At this point we are only dealing with speculation as no coherent argument has been adduced to identify any of those locations with the possible exception of Sundaland, where at least a credible case has been put forward by researchers such as dos Santos and Lauritzen, but not without weaknesses in their contention.
*(a) https://www.livescience.com/10340-lost-civilization-existed-beneath-persian-gulf.html*
(b) http://bham.academia.edu/JeffreyRose
(c) http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2010/12/101208151609.htm
(d) http://news.discovery.com/earth/ancient-desert-oasis-echoes-of-eden-101210.htm
(e) http://althistory.wikia.com/wiki/The_Rise_of_Civilization_-_15,000_BC
(f) http://middle-east.mavericsa.co.za/history.html
*(g) https://www.academia.edu/386944/New_Light_on_Human_Prehistory_in_the_Arabo-Persian_Gulf_Oasis*
Tagged Atlantis, Bill Lauritzen, Doggerland, dos Santos, Jeffrey Rose, Marilyn Luongo, Mesopotamia, Persian Gulf, Pillars of Heracles, Strait of Hormuz, Sundaland
Bab-el-Mandeb
Bab-el-Mandeb, which means gate of tears, is the name given to the strait at the southern end of the Red Sea and identified by some researchers as the location of the Pillars of Heracles referred to by Plato. This idea is advocated by Jacques Hébert, Thérêse Ghembaza and Sunil Prasannan who have respectively located Atlantis at Socotra, Meroë and Sundaland.
The French historian Philippe Potel-Belner also identifies Bab-el-Mandeb as the Pillars of Heracles(c) beyond which lay Atlantis on a long plain on the west coast of India(b).
A fictional account of the destruction of Atlantis in the Red Sea and its relationship with the biblical Deluge by Orson Scott Card is now available on the Internet(a).
(a) http://www.hatrack.com/osc/stories/atlantis.shtml
(b) http://www.academia.edu/3480936/Atlantis_myth_legend_History (French) (offline Nov. 2015)
(c) http://www.academia.edu/3339364/PLATO_revisited_what_he_precisely_said_about_Atlantis (French) (offline Nov.2015)
Tagged Bab-el-Mandeb, India, Jacques Hebert, Meroë, Orson Scott Card, Philippe Potel-Belner, Pillars of Heracles, Red Sea, Sundaland, Sunil Prasannan, The Deluge, Thérèse Ghembaza
Sundaland is the name of a large biogeographical region of South East Asia, a large portion of which had been above sea level during the last Ice Age and later inundated as the glaciers retreated. The term was apparently first used[1629] in 1949 by R.W. van Bemmelen (1868-1941) and later by other authorities.
It is worth noting that it is now generally accepted that South East Asia was probably the entry point of modern humans from Africa. Human traces have been found in Papua New Guinea that have been dated to around 40,000 BC.
Some authors have specifically claimed a clear link between Sundaland and Plato’s Atlantis. The Sunda Sub-Oceanic Plain is large enough to match Plato’s description of Atlantis. Its topography, climate, flora and fauna together with aspects of local mythologies, all permit a convincing case to be made to support this idea.
C.W. Leadbeater (1854-1934) who was a prominent theosophist was perhaps the first to suggest a link between Atlantis and Indonesia in his book, The Occult History of Java [1094] , which is now available online(f).
Other investigators have written on the prehistory of the region of whom the best known is probably Stephen Oppenheimer who firmly locates the Garden of Eden in this region[004], although he makes little reference to Atlantis. More recently, Robert Schoch, in collaboration with Robert Aquinas McNally, wrote a book[455] in which they suggest that pyramid building may have had its origins in a civilisation that flourished on parts of Sundaland that are now submerged.
The first book to specifically identify Sundaland with Atlantis was written by Zia Abbas[001]. However, prior to its publication the Internet offered at least two sites that discussed in detail the case for Atlantis in South East Asia. William Lauritzen(a) and the late Professor Arysio Nunes dos Santos(b) developed extensive websites. Lauritzen has also written an e-book that is available from his site, while Santos developed his views on an Asian Atlantis in another recent book[320]. Dr Sunil Prasannan has an interesting essay on Graham Hancock’s website(c). A more esoteric site(d) also offers support for the Sundaland theory.
An Indonesian researcher, Panji R. Hadinoto, has published on his website(e) a 32 point checklist purporting to ‘prove’ that Atlantis was located on Sundaland. Unfortunately, this checklist is not original but copied from the work of Professor dos Santos.
April 2015 saw further support for an Indonesian Atlantis with the publication of a book[1093] by hydraulic engineer, Dhani Irwanto, who endeavours to identify features of the lost city with details in Plato’s account with a site in the Java Sea off the coast of the island of Kilmantan. He has now published a YouTube video in support of his theory(h).
In 2019, Irwanto published two new books, the first, Sundaland: Tracing the Cradle of Civilisations [1618], in which he offers a compelling case for considering emigrants from a submerging Sundaland as bringers of embryonic civilisation to other lands, where it flourished and developed local variants. It crossed my mind that Irwanto’s contention might explain the origins of the likes of the Sumerian civilisation, among others, which have never been satisfactorily settled!
The second book, Land of Punt [1628], is another interesting offering in which the author suggests that Punt and the biblical Ophir can be equated with Atlantis, located in Sundaland. However, this idea conflicts with a growing consensus(k) that places Punt in the region Horn of Africa or across the Red Sea in Arabia.
A 2016 series of graphics shows the gradual inundation of Sundaland from 18,000 BC onwards(g).
Thorwald C. Franke has drawn attention(j) to a recent controversy in Malaya where historian Zaharah Sulaiman has claimed that the Malay set of mtDNA is 63,000 years old, dating back to a time long before the submergence of Sundaland. It seems that Sulaiman had built her claim on some of Oppenheimer’s writings. This veiled suggestion of some sort of racial superiority, through antiquity, was disputed locally.(i)
(a) http://www.earth360.com/index.shtml
(b) http://www.atlan.org
(c) http://www.grahamhancock.com/underworld/DrSunilAtlantis.php
(d) See: https://web.archive.org/web/20060508140324/http://www.tylwythteg.com/atlantis/southchina.html
(e) http://jakarta45.wordpress.com/2009/10/26/pengkajian-benua-atlantis-tempo-doeloe-di-nusantara/
(f) http://theosophists.org/library/books/occult-history-of-java/
(g) http://i.imgur.com/5l16wXp.gifv
(h) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JT23A12-tDc&feature=youtu.be
(i) https://www.malaymail.com/s/1661519/arguing-against-malays-sundaland-origins
(j) Atlantis-Newsletter 120
(k) https://malagabay.wordpress.com/2016/10/21/the-arabian-horizon-the-lost-lands-punt/
Tagged Arysio Nunes dos Santos, C.W.Leadbeater, Desmond Sydney Johnson, Dhani Irwanto, Dr Sunil Prasannan, Garden of Eden, Graham Hancock, Indonesia, Java Sea, Kilmantan, Ophir, Panji R. Hadinoto, Punt, Robert Schoch, Stephen Oppenheimer, Sundaland, Thorwald C. Franke, William Lauritzen, Zaharah Sulaiman, Zia Abbas
Lauritzen, William (t)
William Lauritzen is a graduate of the Air Force Academy in Colorado Springs. At the age of 21, he received a master’s degree in Industrial Psychology from Purdue University. He was discharged from the Air Force as a pacifist. He currently teaches psychology at Los Angeles City College, and writes and designs.
Lauritzen claims to have been the first, in 1995, to offer the idea that the periodic eruptions of Krakatau on the Sunda Shelf may have eventually developed into the Atlantis story. His website(a) promotes Sundaland as the real location of Atlantis. This view has recently received support from Robert Schoch[455] generally considered an Atlantis sceptic.
In January 2011 Lauritzen published his The Invention of God[745] in which he traces the influence that natural catastrophes such as volcanic eruptions have had on the development of mythologies and religions. Unlike other authors who have sought to explain many mythological references as disguised accounts of encounters with extraterrestrial bodies, Lauritzn prefers to interpret much of the imagery as distorted descriptions of more earthly phenomena such as
volcanoes. This makes sense when you consider the infrequency with which comets or asteroids collide with the earth in contrast with the relative regularity and spread of volcanic eruptions.
Lauritzen also published a ‘companion’ to The Invention of God entitled Atlantis 2012[0764]. This short work, padded out with extensive excerpts from Critias and Timaeus, is a review of Lauritzen’s contention that Atlantis had been located on the Sunda Shelf before its submergence following the last Ice Age.
Tagged Ice Age, Robert Schoch, Sundaland, William Lauritzen
|
cc/2020-05/en_head_0015.json.gz/line26
|
__label__wiki
| 0.909063
| 0.909063
|
Blues Artists
Blues Places
Essays, Articles
The History of Blues Music
World Music news stories
Songs with Stories
Blues World. Video
Blues from Lithuania. Video
Lithuanian Blues! Video
Watch, listen & learn. Video
Other music. Video
Lithuania. Events
Blues Groups, Bands
Blues Festivals and Societies
Online Blues Radio Stations
Other Blues Weblinks
Submit A Web Link
BluesMusic.LT
Blues News in Lithuania
Blues Artists LT
Blues Places LT
BluesMusic
Blues Stories
Blues from Lithuania
Blues Societies
Blues Radio Stations
Pradinis puslapis B Mike Bloomfield - Chicago Blues
Mike Bloomfield - Chicago Blues
Artists - B
Mike Bloomfield
Michael Bernard Bloomfield (July 28, 1943, Chicago, Illinois — February 15, 1981, San Francisco California), an American musician, guitarist, and composer, born in Chicago, Illinois, became one of the first popular music superstars of the 1960s to earn his reputation entirely on his instrumental prowess. Respected for his fluid guitar playing, Bloomfield, who knew and played with many of Chicago’s blues legends even before he achieved his own fame, was one of the primary influences on the mid-to-late 1960s revival of classic Chicago and other styles of blues music. In 2003 he was ranked at number 22 on Rolling Stone's "100 Greatest Guitarists of All Time".
Bloomfield was born into a wealthy Jewish family on Chicago's North Side but preferred music to the family catering equipment business, becoming a blues devotee as a teenager and spending time at Chicago's South Side blues clubs.
The young guitarist's talent "was instantly obvious to his mentors," wrote Al Kooper, Bloomfield's later collaborator and close friend, in a 2001 article. "They knew this was not just another white boy; this was someone who truly understood what the blues were all about." Among his early supporters were B. B. King, Muddy Waters, Bob Dylan and Buddy Guy. Michael used to say, 'It's a natural. Black people suffer externally in this country. Jewish people suffer internally. The suffering's the mutual fulcrum for the blues'."
The Butterfield Band
During those haunts, he met Paul Butterfield and Elvin Bishop, ran his own small blues club, the Fickle Pickle, and was discovered by legendary Columbia Records producer/scout John Hammond, who signed him to the label at a time the label had little if any association with blues. Bloomfield recorded a few sessions for Columbia (which weren't released until after his death) in 1964, but ended up joining the original Paul Butterfield Blues Band, which included Bishop and Howlin' Wolf rhythm section alumni Sam Lay and Jerome Arnold.
Their exuberant, electric Chicago blues inspired a generation of white bluesmen, with Bloomfield's work on the the band's self-titled debut, and the subsequent record East-West, bringing wide acclaim to the young guitarist. Especially popular was "East-West's" thirteen-minute title track, an instrumental combining elements of blues, jazz, psychedelic rock, and the classical Indian raga. Bloomfield's innovative solos were at the forefront of the ground-breaking piece. He had been inspired to create "East-West" after an all-night LSD trip according to one legend, but a subsequent anthology of the Butterfield band included a booklet saying Bloomfield had also been influenced by John Coltrane and other blues-friendly free-style jazz musicians in creating the piece.
Bloomfield was also a session musician, gaining wide recognition for his work with Bob Dylan during his first explorations into electric music. Bloomfield's sound was a major part of Dylan's change of style, especially on Highway 61 Revisited; his guitar style melded the blues influence with rock and folk. Al Kooper has since revealed - in the booklet accompanying the posthumous Don't Say That I Ain't Your Man: Essential Blues, 1964-1969 - that Dylan had invited Bloomfield to play with him permanently but that Bloomfield rejected the invitation in order to continue playing the blues with the Butterfield band. But Bloomfield and fellow Butterfield members Jerome Arnold and Sam Lay appeared at the Newport Folk Festival in 1965, backing Dylan for his controversial first live electric performance.
Rock critic Dave Marsh, in Rock and Roll Soul: The 1001 Greatest Singles of All Time, has also revealed Bloomfield to have been the lead guitarist for Mitch Ryder's hit "Devil With The Blue Dress." However, Marsh's claim is disputed by Bloomfield collaborator Barry Goldberg, who played keyboards on that track. For the online bio, "The Bloomfield Notes" (#6), Barry states that Mike played on the following recording after "Devil", and "Sock it to Me", another track mistakenly credited to Bloomfield.
The Electric Flag
Bloomfield tired of the Butterfield Band's rigorous touring schedule and, relocating to San Francisco, sought to create his own group. Bloomfield left to form the short-lived Electric Flag in 1967 with two longtime Chicago cohorts, organist Barry Goldberg and vocalist Nick Gravenites. The band was intended to feature "American music," a hybrid of blues, soul music, country, rock, and folk, and incorporated an expanded lineup complete with a horn section. The inclusion of drummer Buddy Miles gave Bloomfield license to explore soul and R&B. The Electric Flag debuted at the 1967 Monterey Pop Festival and issued an album, A Long Time Comin', in April 1968 on Columbia Records. Critics complimented the group's distinctive, intriguing sound but found the record itself somewhat uneven. Unfortunately, the band was already disintegrating; rivalries between members, shortsighted management, and heroin abuse all took their toll. Shortly after the release of that album, Bloomfield left his own band.
Work with Al Kooper
Bloomfield also made an impact through his work with Al Kooper, with whom he had played backing Dylan, on the album Super Session in 1968. The direct impetus for the record, according to Kooper, was the twosome's having been part of Grape Jam, an improvisational addendum to Moby Grape's Wow earlier in the year.
"Why not do an entire jam album together?" Kooper remembered in 2001. "At the time, most jazz albums were made using this modus operandi: pick a leader or two co-leaders, hire appropriate sidemen, pick some tunes, make some up and record an entire album on the fly in one or two days. Why not try and legitimize rock by adhering to these standards? In addition, as a fan, I was dissatisfied with Bloomfield's recorded studio output up until then. It seemed that his studio work was inhibited and reigned in, compared to his incendiary live performances. Could I put him in a studio setting where he could feel free to just burn like he did in live performances?"
The result, Super Session, was a jam album that spotlighted Bloomfield's guitar skills on one side; Bloomfield's chronic insomnia caused him to repair to his San Francisco home, prompting Kooper to invite Stephen Stills to complete the album. It received excellent reviews and became the best-selling album of Bloomfield's career; its success led to a live sequel, The Live Adventures of Mike Bloomfield and Al Kooper, recorded over three nights at Fillmore West in September 1968.
Solo work
Bloomfield continued with solo, session and back-up work from 1969 to 1980, releasing his first solo work It's Not Killing Me in 1969; a live jam album the same year, Live at Bill Graham's Fillmore West, including former Butterfield bandmate Mark Naftalin, former Electric Flag bandmates Marcus Doubleday and Snooky Flowers, and a guest appearance by Taj Mahal; and, re-uniting with former bandmates Paul Butterfield and Sam Lay for the Chess Records all-star set, Fathers and Sons, featuring Muddy Waters and Otis Spann, also the same year. Bloomfield also composed and recorded the soundtrack for the film, Medium Cool by his cousin, Haskell Wexler set during the Democratic Convention in Chicago in 1968.
For a time, however, Bloomfield gave up playing because of his heroin addiction:
..and I put the guitar down - didn't touch it.. Shooting junk made everything else unimportant, null and void, nolo contendre[3]. My playing fell apart. I just didn't want to play.
During the late 1970s, Bloomfield recorded for several smaller labels, including Takoma. Through Guitar Player magazine he also put out an instructional album with a vast array of blues guitar styles, titled If You Love These Blues, Play 'Em as You Please. Bloomfield also performed with John Cale on Cale's soundtrack to the film Caged Heat in 1975.
Through the 1970s, Bloomfield seemed satisfied to play in local San Francisco Bay Area clubs, either sitting in with other bands or using his own "Michael Bloomfield and Friends" outfit. But his best performing days were behind him and most of the decade was spent battling drugs and his own deep insecurities.
In 1974 Bloomfield hooked up with a failed supergroup called KGB, from the initials of Ray Kennedy (co-writer of "Sail On, Sailor"), Barry Goldberg on keyboards and Bloomfield on guitar. The band had a rhythm section of Rick Grech on bass & Carmine Appice on drums. Grech and Bloomfield immediately quit after its release, stating they never had faith in the project. The album was not well received, but it did contain the standout track "Sail On, Sailor". Its authorship was credited only to "Wilson-Kennedy", and had a bluesy, darker feel, along with Ray Kennedy's original cocaine related lyrics.
A revealing look at his decline can be heard in the tapes circulated for Chet Helms' (of The Family Dog) Tribal Stomp held at Berkeley's Greek Theatre in 1978. The original Butterfield Blues Band reunited for this show and Bloomfield was featured in several solos. However, his guitar is out of tune at times and he simply misses licks he could have hit in his earlier days. For comparison, seek out concert recording from the Fillmore West with the Electric Flag, when he was in his prime. Bloomfield also was apparently suffering from arthritis in his hands in his last few years and that may have been a telling factor in both the decline of his playing and his mental attitude towards performing.
On February 15 1981 Bloomfield was found dead in San Francisco in his parked car. According to his friends, the size of the heroin dose that killed him meant that he probably did not drive to this spot and overdose, rather that the lethal dose had been administered somewhere else and he had been driven to this spot to avoid complications for his drug-ingesting cohorts. The official cause of death was ruled an accidental drug overdose.
Bloomfield originally used the Fender Telecaster. During his tenure with the Butterfield Blues Band he switched to the Gibson Les Paul which he used for some of the East-West sessions. He also used it with the Electric Flag, and on the Super Session album and concerts. He later veered between the Les Paul and the Telecaster, but Bloomfield's use of the Les Paul---as did Keith Richards' with the Rolling Stones and Eric Clapton's with John Mayall---influenced many others to use the model.
Unlike contemporaries such as Jimi Hendrix and Jeff Beck, Bloomfield rarely experimented with feedback and distortion, preferring a loud but clean sound with a healthy amount of reverb. One of his amplifiers of choice was a 1965 Fender Twin Reverb. Bloomfield's solos, like most blues guitarists', were based primarily on the minor pentatonic scale and the blues scale. However, his liberal use of chromatic notes within the pentatonic framework allowed a considerable degree of fluidity to his solos. He was also renowned for his use of vibrato.
http://www.myspace.com/michaelbloomfield
Bliuzo žmonės - Blues Artists - Random
Corky Siegel - Chicago Blues
Corky Siegel has earned an international reputation as one of the wor...
Bill "Hoss" Allen
Bill "Hoss" Allen Bill Allen (aka "Hossman" or "Hoss"; born William T...
The Hoochie Coochie Band - UK
The Hoochie Coochie Band Blues / Rock / Alternative Wa...
Gerry Hundt - Chicago Blues
Gerry Hundt Gerry Hundt is an accomplished professional musician spe...
Johnny Winter John Dawson "Johnny" Winter III (born 23 February 1944) ...
Bert Reinders - Olandija
Bert Reinders - The Bluesman Meppel Bert Reinders (1962)Meppe...
Vince Lee
Vince Lee Plymouth, Southwest United Kingdom ...
Debbie Davies Davies rise to the upper echelon of blues music started...
Blind Willie McTell William Samuel McTell, better known as Blind Willi...
Percy Mayfield Percy Mayfield (August 12, 1920 – August 11, 1984) was ...
Mighty Joe Young - Chicago Blu
Mighty Joe Young Mighty Joe Young (September 23, 1927 – March 27, 199...
Michael Roach
Michael Roach Blues / R&B / Roots Music Michael Roach, origi...
David "Honeyboy" Edwards - Chi
David "Honeyboy" Edwards David "Honeyboy" Edwards from the (born June...
Willie Mabon - Chicago Blues
Willie Mabon Willie Mabon (24 October 1925, Hollywood, Memphis, Tennes...
Buddy Guy - Chicago Blues
Buddy Guy See - Buddy Guy
Eddie "Guitar Slim" Jones
Eddie "Guitar Slim" Jones Eddie "Guitar Slim" Jones (December 10, 1926...
Mighty Joe Young - Chicago Blues
David "Honeyboy" Edwards - Chicago Blues
Joomla 1.5 Templates by JoomlaShine.com
|
cc/2020-05/en_head_0015.json.gz/line34
|
__label__cc
| 0.714136
| 0.285864
|
Puerto Rico to Vieques
There were but two ways to do it. We could go on for almost two hours, rocking from side to side, getting splashed with sea-spray, all for a little more than the price of dirt, or we could do it in under 10 minutes skimming over the surface and doing one quick turn for 20 bucks. We chose the latter, mainly because it meant we'd get an extra two hours of sleep before checking out of the hotel.
It was day two in Puerto Rico, and we'd gone to bed exhausted after a very long and awesome day spent on the beach followed by hiking the rain forest of El Yunque. Waking up early to catch a ferry for a 90 minute ride to Vieques wasn't exactly an appealing thought, but what choice did we have?
They called him Brooklyn — because that's where he hailed from. A New Yorker all through, he worked as a bell boy at the Wyndham because Puerto Rico was an awesome place to be. I told him our problem, and he says, "Hey bro, I have a better idea...". He whisks out a map and starts drawing, "you head down to Ceiba. There's a tiny little airport there, and you can get a flight to Vieques for $17. That's what I'd do. And they fly out every hour or so while there's only one ferry that'll get you there in time".
So we set out after a decent breakfast for the drive to Ceiba. It wasn't hard getting there, but we got lost nonetheless. Blame it on my inability to read signs in Spanish as they whizz past at 50mph. All the same, we made it in good time, and parked at the little parking lot. Walked in to the airport and were struck by how small it was. There were three airline counters, they looked very similar to what you'd see at any commercial airport. Brooklyn suggested we fly Air Flamenco, so that's what we did. There was also Vieques Air Link (VAL for short) and another smaller airline.
As we got there, a flight was just leaving, and they told us that we'd be on the next one which was in an hour. We were scheduled to get onto a Kayak and Snorkeling tour at 2, and it was 11:30. We figured we had enough time.
That's when the thunderstorm hit. It poured like you'd expect in the tropics. Nothing to be afraid of, except not the kind of weather that a little 8 seater aircraft wants to fly in. We were stuck in Ceiba with no idea of when we'd get to Vieques. It was now 1:15, and we were really upset. It takes just about 8 minutes to fly from Ceiba to Vieques, and 10-15 minutes for a cab to get us from the airport to where we had to meet the tour. The guys at Ceiba signalled the pilot at Vieques telling him to be ready to leave as soon as he landed, and they called for a cab to meet us at the airport in Vieques.
We walked down to the plane — no TSA in sight, which was refreshing — and sat down. We were the only two passengers and sat right behind the pilot. We had an amazing view of the plane and the reef below. We flew so low that you could see right through the water to the coral below. The airplane had no air conditioning, instead there was a little opening in each of the windows to let the wind in. We touched down at Vieques at 1:45, grabbed our bags from the plane's hold and ran outside. Our cab was waiting for us, and got us to the shack that we were staying at. We checked in as quickly as we could and then ran to join the tour. We were a few minutes late, but they were still there going over safety requirements.
In the rush, we'd left our towels and change of clothes back at the shack, so what we were wearing was all that we had, but we made it for the kayak and snorkel trip, and that was totally worth it. More about that next time.
Posted by Philip at 11:01 am
Labels: air travel , caribbean , ceiba , cheaptickets , island life , puerto rico , vieques
▼ August 2010 ( 2 )
JetBlue's All You Can Jet pass
|
cc/2020-05/en_head_0015.json.gz/line36
|
__label__wiki
| 0.634654
| 0.634654
|
kissing and killing
Posted: Mon, 18 Apr 2011
La virgen de los sicaros, directed by Barbet Schroeder in 2000, is the story of Fernando, a gay man, returning home to the tumultuous city of Medellin after 30 years “to die.” Upon returning, he discovers a city he does not know, one lost to violence. During the time of the film, the city was in a period of extreme turmoil after the death of Pablo Escobar, where everyone was struggling to gain power, killing whoever got in the way. Fernando falls in love with a young man, who happens to be an assassin with a hit on him. Through him, Fernando and the audience in shown and intense portrait of how bad situation had become in Colombia due to the drug trade. In a country where “values such as vengeance and the violent settling of scores are an increasing part of everyday life,” Fernando experiences the death of two of his lovers, as well as witnesses numerous drive-by shootings, as people on the street duck and cover then continue on like nothing happened (Vargas 123). He becomes so jaded he even stops after a shooting to reprimand a pregnant woman for standing around and crying about it.
Fernando mentions in the film to his first lover, Alexis, that he would help him open a business, but it would not survive. As Alexis was an assassin, he wanted to help him change his life, give him something respectable to do to earn a living. This was a big problem for most in the country. Jobs were hard to come by, unless working in the drug trade. Most farm land was used for cattle, which didn’t need many laborers, or coffee production, and took up a lot of land. Therefore, the were pushed to the cities to try to survive, but most ended up either in the production of the coca paste or in some way working for the cartel. “The growing power of the mafia was first raised in the 1982 elections, when Pablo Escobar and others made inroads into national politics, mainly through the Liberal Party; cocaine had surpassed coffee and earned an estimated 30 percent of Colombian exports” (Hylton 68). In a struggle to position themselves as a legitimate power, the drug cartels used violence, and numerous paid assassins. They took on the “characteristic of medieval warriors, with vengeance as a necessary value in the code of honor” (Vargas 121).
While in the film, every time the audience turned around someone was being gunned down, in all reality there was an extremely high crime rate involving those who made “the use of force the primary mechanism to resolve conflicts and regulate behavior” (Vargas 123). After the death of Alexis, Fernando falls in love again with a young man who highly resembles his dead partner. Even though he turns out to be Alexis’ killer, all drama aside, he still plays an important role in showing a glimpse into the horrible living situations in Colombia during that time. He is also gunned down, and upon finding out Fernando goes to identify his body. There are numerous bodies lying around for people to come and identify, even so many some have been reduced to a photo in a folder. The film does a nice job showing the hard times in Medellin, even though it may be a bit over exaggerated, the point is definitely made.
|
cc/2020-05/en_head_0015.json.gz/line40
|
End of preview.