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__label__cc	0.726568	0.273432	Independent research in Eastern and Southern Africa identifies opportunities to improve effectiveness of Global Fund processes Arlette Campbell White 'Synthesis report' focuses on grants in Malawi, Tanzania and Zimbabwe Global Fund to benefit from “breakthrough” ARV pricing agreement State-of-the-art fixed dose combination regimen will cost $75 per patient per year In what has been hailed as a “breakthrough” and a “game changer,” a pricing agreement between the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation and two generic drug companies will result in significant savings in the cost of antiretrovirals (ARVs). As a result of the agreement, starting in 2018 a state-of-the-art fixed dose combination ARV regimen will be available in 92 developing nations at a maximum cost of $75 per patient per year. Financial Developments Bernard Rivers The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation yesterday announced a new pledge of $50 million for the Fund. This marks the third consecutive year in which Gates has given $50 million to the Fund. Although private foundations have a Global Fund board seat, no other foundation has ever given to the Fund, except for pro bono services and some very minor donations of a few thousand dollars.	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line2
__label__wiki	0.847349	0.847349	Banning Sales of Sex Toys By Alex Henderson XBIZ, June 13, 2005 In February, Alabama's controversial ban on sex toy sales went all the way to the U.S. Supreme Court, which — much to the disappointment of sex toy providers — refused to examine the constitutionality of the ban. Under an Alabama law passed in 1998, selling a dildo or vibrator in that state can result in a year of incarceration and a $10,000 fine — and there are six other states where selling sex toys is illegal or greatly restricted, including Georgia and Texas (where schoolteacher Joanne Webb was arrested in 2003 for selling vibrators). Because of the Christian Right-inspired war on sex toys that is taking place in the American Bible Belt, webmasters who sell those items online are asking jurisdictional questions: Could a webmaster who is based in Washington or Massachusetts (states that don't have sex toy bans) face prosecution for mailing a dildo to a customer in Alabama? Lawrence Walters, a high-profile First Amendment lawyer with a long history of representing adult-oriented businesses, stressed that the main issue online sex toy merchants need to be concerned about is laws in their state, county or city. Walters said that if a webmaster who lives in a place where sex toys are legal mails them to a place where they are illegal, the items could be "seized or intercepted" by authorities. But, he added, "As far as a prosecution and a webmaster being extradited to Alabama or Georgia from Boston or Seattle to face charges of distributing sex toys, it's not realistic." However, Walters emphasized that if a webmaster is physically based in Alabama or any other state with a sex toy prohibition, he/she could, in fact, be prosecuted for selling dildos or vibrators online. "We're not going to see rampant obscenity prosecutions against devices using federal law; it simply doesn't apply based on case law," Walters said. "But we may see more of the states and even some local governments — some counties — passing new obscene-device laws and obscene-novelty laws. And if you happen to be a webmaster who lives in a state or a county where those devices are illegal, it doesn't matter where you're sending the devices to. The fact that you're selling these items and putting them in packages is enough for local prosecutors to come after you." Lawrence vs. Texas Jeffrey J. Douglas, a First Amendment attorney who heads the Free Speech Coalition's board of directors, believes that because of the Supreme Court's ruling in the Lawrence vs. Texas case, sex toy bans will eventually be declared unconstitutional. In 2003, that ruling struck down Texas' sodomy law and supported the right to sexual privacy; Douglas insists that sex toy bans are a violation of Lawrence vs. Texas. "Lawrence vs. Texas, in essence, says that states do not have the power to create criminal liability on purely moral grounds," Douglas said. "Post-Lawrence vs. Texas, there is not a single rational justification for the existence of anti-sex toy laws — and the fact that the Supreme Court chose not to enforce its own ruling doesn't persuade me that there is any legal justification." But Douglas asserted that until the Lawrence vs. Texas ruling is truly enforced and all sex toy bans are abolished on constitutional grounds, webmasters need to obey those laws — and that means that if one wants to sell dildos and vibrators online, Alabama isn't the place to do it. Alabama's sex toy ban is something that novelty-store owner Sherri Williams has been fighting — with the help of the ACLU and others — for seven years. Although quite disappointed by the Supreme Court's refusal to examine Alabama's ban, Williams, who lives in Florida and owns two erotic boutiques in Alabama, hasn't given up. She is in the process of assembling an organization called the National Alliance of Adult Trade Organizations (NAATO), which she describes as "an umbrella group that will fight these bans on adult toys." Williams said that her decision to form NAATO has received enthusiastic support from pro-sex toys activist Lisa S. Lawless — who heads an organization called the National Association for Sexual Awareness and Empowerment (NASAE) — and Michelle L. Freridge, executive director of the Free Speech Coalition. Bitter But Empowered "My goal is to get the ACLU, NASAE and FSC united under the umbrella of NAATO," Williams explained. "I'm obviously a little bitter — and I guess a little empowered — over my seven-year battle with Alabama's ban on adult toys and the absolute absurdity of it. The ban is a blatant disregard for the Constitution." Lawless, who describes NASAE as "an emergency system that would provide support and legal advice for people who sell sex toys," shares Williams' view that if the Christian Right is not aggressively challenged when it comes to a sex toy ban, more states will inevitably pass them. "To me," Lawless said, "it's absolutely disgusting what is going on in Alabama and Texas. It's an injustice. Sexuality is a beautiful part of who we are — there's nothing inherently dirty about it — and sex toys don't cause harm to anyone. The appalling thing is that these barbaric laws weren't passed in the 19th century; they were passed in the 1990s."	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line10
__label__cc	0.601511	0.398489	Records Per Page: 5 10 25 50 100 250 All Africa is bounded by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, by the Atlantic Ocean to the west, by the Red Sea to the northeast, and by the Indian Ocean to the southeast. North Africa (Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia, Western Sahara) Sahel (Chad, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Sudan) West Africa (Benin, Burkina Faso, Cape Verde, Cote d'Ivoire, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Togo) Central Africa (Angola, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Republic of the Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, São Tomé and Príncipe, South Sudan) East Africa (Burundi, Comoros, Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Madagascar, Mauritius, Mayotte, Reunion, Rwanda, Seychelles, Somalia, Tanzania, Uganda) Southern Africa (Botswana, Lesotho, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, South Africa, Swaziland, Zambia, Zimbabwe) Asia is bounded by the Pacific Ocean to the east, by Australia to the southeast, and by the Indian Ocean to the south. It's bordered by the Red Sea to the southwest, by Europe and the Urals to the west, and by the Arctic Ocean to the north. Central Asia (Afghanistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan) East Asia (China (which includes Hong Kong and Macau), Japan, Mongolia, North Korea, South Korea, Taiwan) South Asia (Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Tibet, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka) Southeast Asia (Brunei, Cambodia, East Timor, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar (Burma), Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Vietnam) Not included in Asia are: Middle East (Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Turkey, United Arab Emirates, Yemen, Palestinian Territories) Russia and the Caucasus (Azerbaijan, Armenia, Georgia, Russia) Australia and Oceana describes the continents and islands generally located in the Southern Pacific. To the North is Asia. To the west across the Indian Ocean is Africa. To the East across the Pacific Ocean is South America. Australia, Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Christmas Island, Ashmore and Cartier Islands, Heard Island, MacDonald Islands, Antarctica, Coral Sea Islands, Norfolk Island. Melanesia (Soloman Islands, Vanuatu, New Caledonia, Fiji) Micronesia (Northern Mariana Islands, Federated States of Micronesia, Palau, Guam, Wake Island, Marshall Islands, Nauru) Midway Island Johnstong Moll Polynesia (Tuvalu, Baker and Howland Islands, Wallis & Fortuna, Samoa, Tonga, American Samoa, Tokelau, Kiribati, Jarvis Island, Palmyra Atoll & Kingman Reef, Cook Islands, French Polynesia, Pitcairn Islands, Easter Island) The islands of the Caribbean Sea or West Indies are an extensive archipelago in the far west of the Atlantic Ocean. Bahamas, Turks and Caicos Islands, Cuba, Cayman Islands, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Jamaica, Puerto Rico, Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, British Virgin Islands, Dominica, Guadeloupe, Montserrat, Saba, Saint-Barthelemy, Sint Eustatius, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Martin, US Virgin Islands, Barbados, Grenada, Martinique, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Trinidad and Tobago, Aruba, Bonaire, Curacao Central America is the thin section of land that links the North American continent with the South American continent. Geographically part of North America, it is made up of seven small, mostly tropical countries that have much more in common with South America and Mexico than the more affluent north. Mexico is occasionally considered part of Central America due to the language and cultural heritage it shares with several of the countries in the region. Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama Europe encompasses an area of 10,180,000km² (3,930,000 square miles), stretching from Asia to the Atlantic, and from Africa to the Arctic. Balkans (Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Macedonia, Moldova, Montenegro, Romania, Kosovo and Serbia) Baltic states (Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania) Benelux (Belgium, Luxembourg, Netherlands) Britain and Ireland (Guernsey, Ireland, Isle of Man, Jersey, United Kingdom) Central Europe (Austria, Czech Republic, Germany, Hungary, Liechtenstein, Poland, Slovakia, Slovenia, Switzerland) Greece, Cyprus and Turkey Caucasus (Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan) Iberia (Andorra, Gibraltar, Portugal, Spain) Italy (Italy, Malta, San Marino, Vatican City) Russia, Ukraine, and Belarus Nordic countries (Denmark, Faroe Islands, Norway, Finland, Iceland, Sweden) The Middle East is a region in western Asia and north-eastern Africa. The term was created by British military strategists in the 19th century, and definitions of the Middle East vary; it is not simply a geographical term, but also a political one, connoting that it separates Europe ("the West") from the Far East. Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Palestinian Territories, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Turkey, United Arab Emirates, Yemen North America is one of two continents named after the Italian explorer Amerigo Vespucci, with a surface area of 24,221,490km² (9,351,969 square miles). It's in the northern hemisphere, between the Pacific Ocean and the Atlantic Ocean and to the north of South America. North America's highest point is Alaska's Mount McKinley, which rises to 6,194m (20,320 ft) above sea level. Canada, Greenland, Mexico, United States of America, Bermuda, Saint-Pierre and Miquelon Nestled between the Caribbean, the South Pacific, and the South Atlantic Oceans, South America is the wilder of the Americas, and a continent of superlatives. Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Falkland Islands, French Guiana, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Uruguay, Venezuela	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line11
__label__wiki	0.851797	0.851797	Home » Never too young for a business plan http://berkshireeagle.com By Heather Bellow Published April 14, 2017 in The Berkshire Eagle SHEFFIELD — Megan Smith had an idea for dealing with the endless task of battling overgrown brush and invasive species in Berkshire County's wild yards and fields: Goat-scaping. "Goats love to eat that stuff," said Smith, 15, a Mount Everett Regional High School freshman. "They would eat it and it would be gone." It wasn't just a fun idea without any legs, however. As part of the BerkShares Entry to Entrepreneurship program for young people ages 14 to 25, Smith had to work out the nuts and bolts of her overhead for the goats, a little mobile hut to protect them, and a solar powered electric fence to keep them in. She had to make a real business plan. She had to figure out what she would charge, and where the competition was. In this case, she said, that is the pesticide Roundup — and humans, of course. "Wouldn't you rather have cute little goats in your backyard instead of landscapers?" she told a full house. Smith was one of nine young entrepreneurs who presented their business plans at Dewey Hall on Wednesday. Each was given seed money — $200 in BerkShares, a local currency still in the research and development phase. Both BerkShares and its entrepreneurship program are supported by the Schumacher Center for New Economics, as well as local banks, businesses and individuals. All these community sponsors see the potential for young people turn ideas into businesses right here in the Berkshires. "We are investing as a community and hoping it will give back to the community for a long time," said BerkShares Executive Director Alice Maggio. Maggio calls it a "crowd-sourced business planning program" that pulls local business resources into the mix. These young entrepreneurs go through a series of workshops and get to learn from people like Keith Girard of the Pittsfield-based Massachusetts Small Business Development Center, and mentors with experience and financial wherewithal. "It's fun," said mentor Howard Lefenfeld, who ran retail businesses for years. "It's nice to take life experience and pass it on to people who appreciate it." Some of the participants went through the process just to learn how to turn an idea into a business; some already are doing something and want to turn it into a stronger, more serious enterprise. And some had plans that look like they might actually happen any minute. "College kids drink lots of coffee," said Carla Hamida, a Bard College at Simon's Rock freshman. She said Simon's Rock students need access to "a decent hot cup of coffee" more often than the college cafeteria is open, and said the free coffee in the cafeteria was horrible. "It is stale and not strong enough, but they still drink it because there's no competition." That's where Hamida comes in with her coffee kiosk in the Student Union, one that would sell coffee from Barrington Coffee Roasting Co., a Berkshires-born business started by two Simon's Rock graduates. Hamida has been working with one of the company's co-founders, Barth Anderson — the program's "on-call adviser for students" — and talking to school officials to try to lift this business off the ground. Jeferson Vera has a plan for a mixed-cuisine restaurant. Pittsfield High School student Andrew LaPatin is a talented cartoonist and illustrator who has already made public murals and wants to do more. Keeley Farnam, 25, is ready for clients for her business: Keeley's Holistic Health Coaching — she just needs a location. Monica Yen already has a discount photography service geared toward students, and wanted to refine her business plan. And Monument Mountain Regional High School student Charley Seckler presented his plan for "Beef on the Beat," a local grocery delivery service with different price tiers. "For the luxury service I'll come into [your house] and put the food away," Seckler said, adding that second homeowners would likely be the prime takers, prompting much laughter. Lenox Memorial Middle and High School student Michael Abdalla has a plan to make his family's ice cream shop in Lee, Lucky's Ice Cream & Grill, more environmentally sustainable. "The ice cream business leaves behind a huge footprint, mostly from packaging," he said. "I see all the stuff that gets thrown away." And Anna Houston, 27, who works at North Plain Farm in Great Barrington, said there isn't a place in a three-hour radius that will slaughter and process locally raised chickens. Wouldn't it be nice, she said, to be able to buy local chickens at local supermarkets? She has a plan: Buy a processing box about the size of a shipping container that can process 200 chickens in an hour. The boxes can be USDA certified, and with that, chickens can be sold anywhere. Right now all she needs is a place to put it and a hook up for plumbing and utilities. Houston said she's already looking into the regulatory hurdles — like local zoning — she'll have to clear. But with the help of this program, she is already thinking like a seasoned businesswoman. "Bureaucracy is a problem," she said. Reach staff writer Heather Bellow at 413-329-6871.	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line13
__label__wiki	0.539504	0.539504	Home » Perspectives Papers » The Vienna Accord Only Postpones Confrontation with Iran The Vienna Accord Only Postpones Confrontation with Iran By Maj. Gen. (res.) Yaakov Amidror August 5, 2015 BESA Center Perspective Papers No. 303 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY: The Vienna agreement has made the situation more complex and dangerous, not less so. Even if Iran completely abides by the terms of the agreement, when restrictions and sanctions come to an end fifteen years hence, it will emerge much stronger, militarily and economically. This situation will almost assuredly lead to the use of force against Iran, because Iran undoubtedly will try to produce nuclear weapons; be much better able to withstand foreign pressures; and hold significant sway across the Middle East. The conflict that will ensue will take place in conditions far worse (from a Western perspective) than before the agreement, pitting the West (and/or Israel) against a much-stronger Iran. The agreement with Iran reached by the Western powers represents, ostensibly, a great achievement. If the Iranians abide by its terms, their ability to achieve nuclear weapons status will be set back by around fifteen years (although it could be claimed that part of the agreement is valid for only ten years). Furthermore, the strict inspection arrangements are meant to ensure that even if Iran does not observe the agreement, IAEA inspectors will be able to spot any violations, and there will be plenty of time (a year) to formulate a response. However, this would be to ignore the central problem that arises from the agreement and from a series of inherent weaknesses in the accord. It is clear that the agreement was signed in order to delay the Iranian nuclear bomb program, not to end it. And thus, when the program rears its head again it will be a problem several times more serious and far harder to deal with. There is no cause for hysteria. The agreement will not bring about Israel’s downfall, and in the best case scenario may even buy Israel some time to better prepare for confronting the Iranian challenge. Nevertheless, the map of reality should be read correctly, and not through rose-tinted glasses. It is important to emphasize that soberly, the verdict should be judged as a bad agreement. The reality facing Israel (and the world) following the signing of the agreement is significantly more threatening than before. The main problem is with the substantial outcome of the agreement, which was well described by Iranian President Rouhani, as follows: Iran gets to keep its (military!) nuclear program, while sanctions against Iran are lifted. For the Iranians it was important, above all else, to gain international legitimacy for their nuclear program, and in this they have been successful. As a basis for discussion it is important to emphasize that the Iranian nuclear program has no civilian element, and no justification other than as a military program. This is the consensus of all the international experts, some of whom will only say so privately, but most of whom are explicit in this. There is no serious expert who thinks that Iran is developing its capabilities for civilian purposes. On the basis of this understanding, which was accepted by the American experts as well, American policy was initially clear: the agreement should dismantle Iran’s nuclear capabilities. This was the term used by the Americans themselves. But at some stage the US decided to move from a policy aimed at dismantling Iran’s nuclear capability, to a policy aimed at delaying Iran’s ability to achieve nuclear weapons by ten to fifteen years. There are several components to the American solution: a) A significant slow-down of the enrichment program, involving shutting down almost half of Iran’s centrifuges (There are currently around 9,000 centrifuges active; after the agreement there will be just over 5,000). Furthermore, almost all the enriched material will be transferred out of Iran. Iran will continue enrichment, but will no longer have a stock of enriched material, which is a necessary condition for producing weapons. b) Throughout the period covered by the agreement, Iran will not build a reactor that can produce plutonium. Construction had begun on such a reactor as it will now be modified so that it will not be capable of producing plutonium. c) A strict inspections regime will be put in place to prevent Iran from cheating and hiding violations of the agreement. From the moment that the policy in Washington changed, and there was no longer any intention of actually dismantling Iran’s nuclear capabilities, it was clear to the Americans that it would be impossible to include Israel in the negotiations. The US therefore shifted to conducting secret negotiations that it hid from Israel. While the importance of personal relations should not be underestimated, this US decision to keep the details of the negotiations with Iran from Israel stemmed from the fundamental understanding that, following the shift in American policy, Israel would not be able to agree with the purpose of the negotiations, nor in any case involved in an active capacity. As long as the purpose of the negotiations was shared and agreed-upon, Israel went along with the US, and did nothing that might upset the process. As soon as the US decided to make do with delaying Iran’s getting the bomb, by a fixed time period, then Israel was left on the outside – not because of the strained relations between the president and the prime minister, but because of significant differences of opinion. Subsequently, although the American negotiators did make use of Israeli experts, Israel was not involved in the central deliberations. What happens next? Although the struggle in Congress has yet to be concluded, for the purposes of this paper I assume that the president will use his veto to uphold the agreement even without the consent of Congress. I also assume that the Americans will seriously try to monitor Iran’s implementation of the agreement. What are Iran’s options? This is an important question, the answer to which will be the most influential factor on Israel’s course of action and responses. It should be emphasized that, in any case, Israel must maintain its freedom of choice. The fact that the powers signed an agreement must not be allowed to paralyze Israel. The country’s security is at stake, and on this issue we should take the advice of the current President of the US: “Israel must be able to defend itself, by itself,” even if the agreement makes this a more complex proposal. It should be assumed that whichever course Iran chooses, it will be very conscientious about keeping to the requirements of the agreement during the early stages of its implementation (a year or two, at least). Iran may try, during this period, here and there to erode the understandings regarding inspections, but it will not try to cheat and to crudely contravene the agreed rules. During this period Iran’s supreme interest will be the lifting of sanctions. Around 60% of the agreement deals with the lifting of sanctions and the dismantling of the mechanisms used to enforce them. The removal of sanctions will allow Iran to rebuild and significantly strengthen its economy as billions will flow into Iran, even though a proportion will be lost to the dark abyss of entrenched Iranian corruption. This step will also allow the regime to trumpet its achievements, and to strengthen its position versus those Iranians who are more inclined toward freedom and democracy. (Whether the main beneficiaries will the fundamentalists, who will claim that stubbornness has been rewarded, or the less hardline factions, who will point to the benefits of displaying tactical flexibility, it is impossible to say.) The lifting of sanctions will also serve to release a great amount of Iran’s energy and money which can be redirected toward furthering its interests in the Middle East and beyond. Here, the beneficiaries will be Iran’s allies – Hezbollah, Hamas, the Alawites in Syria, and the Houthis in Yemen. For all these reasons it can be expected that, initially, Iran’s efforts will be invested in removing the burden of sanctions and becoming stronger, both internally and externally. After this initial period of several years or so, there are three possible directions in which events may develop: A first scenario involves the possibility that the agreement will drive regime change in Tehran, or at least a change in the behavior of the current Islamic regime. This scenario posits that in a decade from now the West will no longer have anything or anyone to fear in Iran, because moderate forces will have taken power, and Iran’s policies in terms of terror, relations with Israel, intervention in other states, and more, will be less aggressive and more moderate. This perspective on the agreement – that it can and might succeed in changing the nature or behavior of the Iranian regime – is very powerful. It offers hope, which is a highly attractive perspective for all human beings, world leaders included. This was the main theme of the speech given by the European Union’s foreign policy commissioner at the signing of the agreement, and it would appear that this belief is shared by many members of the establishment in Europe. It would not surprise me to learn that US decision makers too do not feel that they were “defeated” by their Iranian counterparts in the negotiations, but that they truly believe that this compromise with tyrants was the right course in order to bring about a better world. The agreement, they may have convinced themselves, will change the paths taken by Iranian dictators, and at the very least will do more to prevent threats to peace than the use of military force. This is not mere naivety; it is a deep-rooted ideological perspective. This was also the accepted approach taken during the Cold War, when many thought that the very existence of an agreement with the USSR was more important than its content; because of the power of signing an agreement to refresh and improve relations between the two hemispheres. There were even those who claimed that simply meeting to negotiate, and recognizing the existence of the other’s claims, could open possibilities to a better world. Before they changed their policy, the Americans stated that this was not the line of thinking that was guiding them in these negotiations, as they held no expectation of a change in the behavior of the regime following the agreement. Even today many in Washington would agree that such a hope would be baseless. This approach appears completely unrealistic and particularly unsuited to Iran, as it has revealed itself to observers of the Islamic revolution. But still some very important decision makers seem really motivated by that optimistic approach. We can hope and pray that the optimists are right, but the probabilities seem stacked against them. This approach did not meet with success in Munich in 1938, or in the case of North Korea, or in the initial efforts of the Obama administration towards Russia. In truth, I am not aware of a single case in modern history in which this purported dynamic proved successful (despite the claims made with regard to the Nixon-China case). A second scenario is that within a few years, the Iranians will feel sufficiently strengthened and will begin to cheat; initially on peripheral issues, and then as they gain confidence, on more substantial issues. In this context, the agreement will lead to two changes, one positive, and the second negative. The positive achievement rests on the American promise that the inspections regime will be extremely strict, that inspections will deploy advanced technology so that infractions will be detected in close to real time, and that the American response to infractions will be swift and forceful. (This latter part has not been said explicitly, but is implied by the administration’s promises). In spite of the illogical American concession regarding the “surprise inspections” of the non-declared sites, which gives the Iranians 24 days to prepare themselves, I assume the experts of the IAEA will do their best. However, there is no question that concessions made by the P5+1 in the final days of the negotiations relating to the 24 days would harm these capabilities. At the same time, it is important to be aware that the level of intelligence provided by the P5+1 and mainly the Americans will inevitably decline over time. It will not be felt immediately, because at the beginning all parties will take care to ensure a high level of intelligence gathering. But over time, as other problems arise elsewhere in the world, the quality of intelligence about Iran will deteriorate. There will be two unavoidable reasons for this: a) Priority. Even the mighty US needs to set priorities for the use of resources. After a while, once it is seen that Iran is indeed keeping to the agreement, there will naturally be a slow but steady transferal of intelligence resources to other burning problems. b) Levels of operational risk. Against a state with which there is a signed agreement, intelligence operations are conducted at a lower level of risk. A complicated operation that, if discovered, might embarrass the US will be authorized for a hostile, dangerous state, but not for one with which a signed agreement exists. There may of course be states which find it less difficult to operate against states with which they have an agreement, but American efforts will certainly be affected by the new circumstances after the agreement. Because of these two reasons, it is probable that over a period of several years the quantity and quality of intelligence will be reduced. This process is familiar in Israel from similar cases in the past, and there is no reason to think that there will be any difference for American intelligence vis-à-vis Iran. The result will be potentially disastrous for the agreement. It is clear that Iranian cheating will not take place at the declared facilities which are under IAEA inspection, but at sites unfamiliar to the international community, whose location can only be discovered through gathering high-quality intelligence. The combination of the American concession on surprise inspections of such sites, and the inevitable decline in intelligence quality, offers an excellent foundation for successful Iranian cheating. The ability to leverage American (and other) intelligence about Iran will also necessarily be eroded. The US will be unwilling to disclose its intelligence-gathering capabilities and methods, particularly those that would indicate operational activity on the soil of its new partner, Iran. The IAEA, for its part, will be as unwilling as in the past to make use of external intelligence (even when presented with it) in order to conduct non-agreed inspections of sensitive facilities, out of fear of being accused of acting as an agent of Israel or the US. Hence it will need to invest a great deal of time and effort in order to build an independent dossier that will stand up to scrutiny, which will be sufficient for it to conduct more confrontational inspections at undeclared facilities. It is difficult to see how the IAEA might develop such capabilities. It also appears that the claim, “a year will be sufficient in order to respond appropriately,” is not sufficiently well-founded. It is clear that the interest of any administration bound by the agreement, even if it inherits it, and certainly if it identifies with it, will be to obscure any violations rather than to recognize them, for as long as possible. Moreover, governments do not like to be put in the position of having to make difficult decisions, and so in general if a situation is not entirely clear, but rather contains shades of grey, the decision-makers (and even the intelligence agencies) tend to find “explanations” in order to delay making a decision. Thus, for example, in 1995 Israel presented a great deal of high-quality, well- analyzed intelligence information to the US, to show our friends in Washington that the Iranian administration had begun a military nuclear program. The Americans took the issue very seriously, and appointed a team headed by a senior official to examine it. At the end of this process, this official let us know that we had “failed completely in our efforts to create a new enemy.” He meant that the US wasn’t about to identify Iran as a “new enemy” – despite Israel’s information – after the US had tackled Saddam Hussein in the First Gulf War. A further two years passed before my successor was able to persuade the Americans that the Iranian enemy was real and that its nuclear military program was dangerous. It is not difficult to imagine US intelligence staff presenting information about Iranian violations and being rebuffed by decision-makers, using learned explanations. This would continue until they provide the impossible “smoking gun,” or until it is simply too late. In most similar cases intelligence services have needed more than a year from the moment at which a violation begins in order to identify it, understand it, and persuade the decision makers about it, and for these to then decide and act. Based on the experiences in almost all similar cases in the past, it must be assumed with a high degree of probability that if the Iranians make an effort to cheat and to hide the evidence, it is almost certain that they will be able to develop their first nuclear device before the West can respond. A third scenario is the possibility that the Iranians will abide by the agreement to the letter, all the way through to the end of its 10-15 year period. They will not cheat, but will use the time to expand their knowledge and capabilities, in theory and in practice. Thus, for example, since Iran is allowed within certain limits to develop the next generation of centrifuges, they will focus their efforts on that. In such a scenario it is reasonable to assume that at the end of the period, after more than a decade, that will have the expertise to produce centrifuges that are 10 or 20 times faster. This is a very realistic prospect, and seemingly would not represent a violation of the agreement, as long as it is done with the appropriate caution. Since the embargo on conventional weapons will be lifted after five years, the Iranians will work to significantly improve their anti-aircraft defenses. They can expect help from Russia, which needs the money to be gained from these projects, which are defensive in nature and therefore “acceptable.” Three years later the embargo on the Iranian missile project will also be lifted, and Iran will make every effort to progress in its development and production of precise missiles, particularly long-range ones that would allow it to threaten Europe initially (at a very early stage), and later the US. There is little doubt that within ten years, and certainly once the embargo is lifted, Iran will achieve these capabilities. It will be better protected from any aerial threat, and able to carry out missile strikes on many areas of the world. In parallel, determined efforts will be made to develop the Iranian economy so that, after a decade, it will be able to withstand outside pressures. For example, Iran will stockpile spare parts for sensitive systems, Iranian banks will hold more foreign currency, and there will be more partnerships with large international companies – making any future sanctions program more difficult. In short, all the lessons will be learned from the last sanctions regime, and Iran will be better prepared for a similar situation in the future. The mechanism to renew sanctions is such complicated, the decision to resume sanctions is almost impossible. But more importantly, it is clear that following a global rush to invest in Iran, involving both private and government investors, the possibility of a return to a sanctions regime will be significantly curtailed, as billions of dollars from the countries expected to impose sanctions will be invested in Iran – and who would want to lose them? But even if sanctions are resumed, they will have a greatly-reduced impact against an Iran that would be far more ready to withstand them than in the past. Over the course of these years, Iran will greatly strengthen its grip on the Middle East. For example, it might solidify its control of Yemen, even developing the capacity to block the Bab al-Mandab strait and thus threaten global trade and the Suez Canal, Egypt’s lifeline. It will take complete control of Lebanon, and with the help of other countries (perhaps even including the US), it will “save” the region by fighting ISIS to become the true ruler of Iraq and of what would remain of Alawite Syria. Hezbollah will be given thousands of precise missiles, while enjoying Iranian backing, Hammas will receive more aid. These organizations will feel stronger being supported by the new regional superpower, Iran, and will thus be less hesitant to act. And of course, Iran’s widespread terror network around the globe (according to reports from the US State Department) will be more active than ever, as an irritant and a deterrent. There is little chance that America will follow through on its promise, that after signing the agreement it will be more determined in its efforts to contain Iran. US officials have repeatedly referred to this promise while defending the agreement. But this promise is unrealistic and illogical. Once a rival state becomes a partner to an agreement, one does not increase efforts taken against it in other realms. It is the nature of agreements that cover a certain area of relations that they prevent pressure being applied in other areas, rather than increasing pressure. No-one in the West will now be interested in jeopardizing either the agreement or trade relations with Iran. It is therefore likely that, despite the messages of reassurance coming from Washington, Iran will become much stronger over those 15 years, internally, regionally, economically, and militarily, with little opposition from the US. Only then, after 15 years of careful planning while observing all aspects of the agreement, will Iran begin an accelerated process of building a bomb. How long will it take then to identify and understand Iran’s actions? What tools will the world, and the US in particular, possess to deal with a stronger Iran following 15 years of development? How quickly will Iran have sufficient enriched material? No-one has the answers to these questions. In 2031, then, the Iranian success in achieving the agreement signed in 2015 will come to full fruition. Iran’s logic throughout the negotiations will then become apparent, as in retrospect it will be seen that the country’s leaders gave up on fulfilling the dream of a military nuclear program in their time, in order to allow it to be achieved easily and with no real opposition less than twenty years later. Thus, a year after the agreement expires, Iran assuredly will have a small number of missiles capable of reaching the US, hundreds of missiles capable of reaching large parts of Europe, thousands of precise missiles able to carry out attacks anywhere in the Middle East, and, I suppose, at least two atomic bombs. Who will be able to halt its march to regional domination? Who will be able to prevent the fulfillment of the 1,300 year-old Shi’ite dream? Who will be able to stop the representative of the Mahdi (the Shi’ite messianic figure) armed with nuclear weapons? Once the agreement expires, Iran will be free to begin its rush to nuclear weapons, legitimately, having abided by the agreement – but with its regime bolstered and its dreams of expansion unchanged. Several states in the region view these last two scenarios as likely (and even probable). They understand the danger of a Middle East threatened by an Iranian nuclear umbrella; and even prior to that, the dangers presented by Iran’s immediate strengthening due to the agreement. They are fearful, and so they will prepare themselves. The practical outcome is that the Middle East will immediately enter a double arms race. The Gulf States will spend a lot of money on American weapons that will supposedly grant them increased security in the face of a more powerful Iran. Clearly their competition with Iran as to who is the strongest will reach great heights, as both the Russians and the Americans (and even France and Britain) have an economic interest in selling as much weaponry as possible, and there is no upper limit to the advances that money can buy. This will be the straightforward part of a new Mideast arms race. The more difficult element in terms of international stability will come when at least three Sunni countries, Saudi Arabia, Egypt, and Turkey, reach the decision that they cannot afford to lag behind a Shi’ite power in developing nuclear weapons. The West will have no moral right to prevent them from doing so, having allowed the dark and cruel mullahs in Tehran a nuclear bomb. These countries will begin this process sometime after the agreement is in place, once its shortcomings are clear, and will complete it very close to the expiration of the agreement in 15 years’ time. This will be an entirely different Middle East; very much a “New Middle East.” A very bad one. In the meantime, paradoxically, the agreement may actually contribute to the strengthening of ISIS. The Sunnis have been engaged in a historical struggle with the Shi’ites since the seventh century, and for some time have felt threatened by the Iranian initiative that began with the 1979 revolution, and by the Shi’ite dynamism led by Iran throughout the region. Thus, for example, Iran is responsible for the deaths (by its own forces or by its various supported factions) of Sunnis fighting for their lives in Syria. Shi’ites in Iraq expelled the Sunnis from all positions of influence, and hurt them in every way possible, while Iran supported the Shi’ite government in Baghdad. Iran is leading the wars of Shi’ite minorities against a Sunni majority in Yemen and against the Sunni leaders of Bahrain. Following the agreement, the Sunnis might feel that the US has “taken sides” in this historic battle. They will be able to claim, based on the visible evidence, that the US did not fight against the “Shi’ite” Assad when he used poison gas against Sunnis, but does fight against ISIS; and that the US ignores the interests of Sunni states and signs an agreement with the Shi’ite symbol of evil, Iran; and thus Sunnis must protect themselves. Since ISIS is currently viewed as the strongest organization around, representing better than any others the Sunni interests in the region, this may make it easier for it to recruit more fighters to its ranks, to help it stand against the Shi’ite-American axis. A sign of such a process occurring will be if smaller rebel groups in Syria join ISIS, or announce cooperation with it. Ironically, should this happen, the West’s need for Iran to help stem the growth of ISIS will be greater than ever, and thus a feedback loop will be created. It is impossible to claim, in light of all the shortcomings of the agreement as described above, that the agreement should be supported even if it is not perfect. This agreement will likely and necessarily lead to the use of force against Iran, at some stage or other, in order to halt its race toward nuclear weapons. This, however, will take place in far worse conditions than before the agreement, against a far- stronger Iran. The administration claims that “this was the best agreement that could have been achieved, and should therefore it should upheld.” But since the contents of the discussions between the parties are not known, the only way for us to evaluate the negotiations is by the results. For example: Some have asked why the US did not include other issues, beyond the nuclear question, in the agreement, such as a commitment from Iran to desist from involvement in international terror. The American answer is that Washington did not want to include issues that would complicate the negotiations, and that might even lead to additional Iranian demands on nuclear issues in response. They therefore chose to stay focused on Iran’s nuclear program. This answer does not hold up under scrutiny. At the very end of the negotiations, Iran sought concessions on two non-nuclear issues: The removal of sanctions on their missile program and on their conventional weapons build-up. In both cases, Washington agreed to an Iranian demand that had no connection to the nuclear issue. Sanctions on conventional weapons are to be lifted after five years, and sanctions on missiles will be lifted after a further three years. Thus Iran was able to achieve non-nuclear concessions via the negotiations, while the US, by its own admission, did not even try to do so. If no attempt is made to improve vital issues during the negotiations, it is impossible to then claim that this was the best possible agreement. As to the question, “Yes, but was the alternative?” there is a clear answer. The alternative was increasing the pressure of sanctions, conducting stubborn negotiations, and making serious preparations for military action that would crystalize all options on the table. Together, these would achieve a better agreement. The choice was between a bad agreement, like the one achieved, and a far better agreement, because the Iranians desperately needed to conclude a deal. Why the six powers agreed to a bad agreement is an interesting historical question. In the meantime, we are left to deal with its consequences, which for Israel (and in my opinion for most of the world) are extremely dangerous. Maj. Gen. (res.) Yaakov Amidror is the Greg and Anne Rosshandler Senior Fellow at the Begin-Sadat Center for Strategic Studies, and former national security advisor to the Prime Minister. He is also a fellow at JINSA’s Gemunder Center for Strategy and Defense. He served 36 years in senior IDF posts, including commander of the Military Colleges, military secretary to the Minister of Defense, director of the Intelligence Analysis Division in Military Intelligence, and chief intelligence officer of the Northern Command. Photo Credit: Flickr – US Department of State Topics: Iran Nuclear Deal Vienna ← Improving Ties between India and Israel What Israel Can Do Now → Maj. Gen. (res.) Yaakov Amidror Former National Security Advisor to the Prime Minister of Israel and the Head of the National Security Council. Served 36 years in senior IDF posts, including commander of the Military Colleges, military secretary to the Minister of Defense, director of the Intelligence Analysis Division in Military Intelligence, and chief intelligence officer of the Northern Command. Author of three books on intelligence and military strategy.	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line14
__label__wiki	0.786799	0.786799	The Tower of Trongsa The serrated ridges around Trongsa form a vast rim from where hill slopes run sharply to the valley floor. The slopes are covered by a lush forest of evergreen and seasonal colors. Numerous white waterfalls streak the hillsides and drop into the Mangdue Chhu, which rushes down to the great plains of India. At the centre of this massive natural cradle sits the majestic Trongsa Dzong, crafted from a vision of Palden Lhamo. This was where Bhutan’s Monarchy was born. For centuries the Dzong was a centre of religious and political evolution and now stands as one of the greatest monuments in the land. High above the valley, at a strategic vantage point over Trongsa Dzong, rises its watchtower, the Ta Dzong. This “Tower of Trongsa” now tells the stories of the dzong and the valley that it has watched over for centuries. His Majesty the King inaugurates the Ta Dzong today as a museum dedicated to the Wangchuck dynasty, landmarking yet another significant event as the nation celebrates 100 years of the Monarchy. The Ta Dzong, a cylindrical stone structure rising five storeys, was built in 1652 by Chogyal Minjur Tempa, a task entrusted to him by Zhabdrung Ngawang Namgyal. After more than 350 years, it has been resurrected into a classy museum, that represents a tasteful blend of tradition and modernity. The central Utse structure is connected to two four-storey towers by multi-floor wings. A total of 11 galleries sit comfortably at split-levels over five floors to a rooftop that functions as a viewing gallery. Overall, the tower, that kept enemies at bay, exudes a feel of history as well as a sense of change. At the heart of the museum sits the Raven Crown worn by Gongsar Ugyen Wangchuck. The Crown symbolises the triumph of the Bhutanese Monarchy and the supreme protector role of the Druk Gyalpo. The third floor of the Utse is dedicated to the Wangchuck dynasty, with ceremonial and personal belongings of the Kings and Queens of Bhutan. The displays include Jigme Namgyel’s sword, Gongsar Ugyen Wanghcuck’s gho, Jigme Dorji Wangchuck’s wine flask and radio, and a full dress set of the fourth Druk Gyalpo His Majesty Jigme Singye Wangchuck. There are 224 items on display. They include a sacred image of Sung Joenma Dorji Chang (self spoken Vajradharna), a bronze statue of Pema Lingpa, made by himself, and a number of centuries-old treasures like dance and ritual costumes and objects, ancient prayer books, paintings and scrolls, and textiles. The Ta Dzong is a living museum and the main lhakhang in the Utse is dedicated to the Maitreya Buddha (Gyaltsab Jampa), also known as the Future Buddha). A Khesar Lhakhang is dedicated to Khesar of Ling. The tower has always been a place of retreat and there are hermits in practice, including two yogis, who are in life long meditation. Marie Christine Weinberger, the former counsellor of the Austrian development cooperation office (ACO) in Bhutan, became a familiar figure in Trongsa through the project. It was her last project before she retired and she said that her satisfaction came from being able to help create a world class museum, that would make Trongsa, and Bhutan, more valuable and attractive for visitors. The present counsellor, Christian Mazal, said that ACO was deeply honoured that His Majesty the King himself was inaugurating the Ta Dzong Museum. He described the museum as “a new landmark in Austria-Bhutan relations”, a project that was completed after the restoration of Trongsa Dzong. The Nu 120 million project included the improvement of the foot trail across the river to the dzong along with the Bazam foot bridge. Apart from being a place of prayer for the people, he said it would play an important role in educating the people on culture and religion, and contribute to Bhutan’s economic development as a tourist attraction. The museum, which has been designed and rebuilt under the supervision of professional architects and restorers from Austria, is a state-of-the-art monument. Veteran Bhutanese culturists say that it is a good example for Bhutanese restorers, who have to take up similar work in future. With the inauguration ceremony, an important element of Bhutan’s past comes alive and merges with the present to provide lessons for the future. Lyonchoen Jigmi Y Thinley said that the restoration of the unique Ta Dzong into a museum was a tribute to five successive great Kings of Bhutan’s Monarchy. “Bhutanese officials and people have always wanted to express our deep appreciation to the dynasty, that has made all of us proud to be Bhutanese,” he said. “We’re confident of continued peace and prosperity in the knowledge that the royal dynasty will always be with us.” Expressing his appreciation to the government of Austria for helping the people of Bhutan offer this tribute to their Kings, the prime minister said that the restoration of the Ta Dzong was also a tribute to the great builders of the past, “who were our ancestors”. “It symbolises our determination to preserve and protect our cultural heritage and our unique identity. We must not just look at creating wealth but at recognising our cultural wealth and consolidating our assets.” The Ta Dzong is the only structure, that has been restored specifically to tribute the Wangchuck dynasty as Bhutan celebrates the centenary of the Monarchy. December 10, 2008 May 3, 2012 Tagged Museum, Ta Dzong, Trongsa 1 Comment ← Bhutan Folk Festival 2008 – Program The Museum of Monarchy in the Tower of Trongsa →	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line15
__label__cc	0.590965	0.409035	Porsche Babblers > Porsche Boxster and Cayman Forum > Car Talk Carrera GT number 1,111 delivered to Middle East customer Register Home Forums Calendar Mark Forums Read Car Talk For topics and discussions about all makes and models December 28th, 2005, 01:14 PM #1 Stuttgart. One Porsche customer in the United Arab Emirates has received a special Christmas present this year: Stuttgart-based Dr. Ing. h. c. F. Porsche AG has delivered to the customer a Carrera GT bearing the number 1,111. With this milestone, the 612 hp, 330 km/h Carrera GT is now the most successful high-performance sports car of all time. The last unit of this exceptional vehicle will leave the Leipzig plant in April 2006. According to Dr. Wendelin Wiedeking, Chief Executive of the Stuttgart car maker: “The Carrera GT has once again strengthened the Porsche brand image as a sports car manufacturer and demonstrated that our product strategy has really hit the mark. What’s more, Porsche has made money with the Carrera GT. In this respect, this sports car has also been an economic success for our company, as expected.” Since the vehicle was first presented on September 28, 2000 in the Louvre, Paris, the Carrera GT has set the pace in this segment. “It is still in the top position to this day. The Carrera GT has thus earned a special place in Porsche’s 57-year history of success,” adds Wiedeking. The most important market for the Carrera GT remains North America, where around half of the vehicles have been sold. Significant numbers have also been sold in the traditional Porsche markets of Germany, the UK, Italy and the Middle East. As well as selling in large quantities, this born-to-race Porsche has also been heavily garlanded since its market launch in September 2003. The most well known awards include the Goldene Lenkrad (“Golden Steering Wheel”, Bild am Sonntag, 2005), the Auto Trophy (Auto Zeitung, 2004 and 2005), and Best Auto (Auto Motor und Sport, 2004). It has also received top international accolades from Auto Car (UK, 2004), Top Gear (UK, 2004) and Road & Track (USA, 2004). Up to December 2005, the Carrera GT had been the subject of some 3,500 articles adorning the front pages of German and respected international specialist magazines over 100 times. Find More Posts by Admin 1,000th Carrera GT goes to customer in Oman Admin Car Talk 0 August 29th, 2005 04:35 PM PCNA Reports October Sales for US; 911 Carrera Sales up 22% Magic Mtn Dan Boxster / Cayman 0 November 1st, 2001 11:22 PM New 911 Carrera Models are coming... Magic Mtn Dan Boxster / Cayman 0 September 5th, 2001 04:07 PM Porsche to Debut New 911 Carrera Targa at Frankfurt Magic Mtn Dan Boxster / Cayman 1 August 8th, 2001 01:02 PM New Look, More Horsepower for 2002 Porsche 911 Carrera Models Magic Mtn Dan Boxster / Cayman 0 May 29th, 2001 01:38 PM Contact - Home - Forums - Top Copyright © 2001-2014 Babblers. All rights reserved. Babblers is a Porsche Boxster and Cayman enthusiast's forum, but it is in no way affiliated with, nor does it represent Porsche of Stuttgart, Germany.	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line16
__label__wiki	0.82217	0.82217	Bahá’í World Center Spiritual and administrative center of the Bahá’í Faith, established in the twin cities of Acre and Haifa as a consequence of Bahá’u’lláh’s banishment to Palestine in 1868. The Shrine of Bahá’u’lláh at Bahjí, just north of Acre, and the Shrine of the Báb on the slope of Mount Carmel in Haifa, in a location chosen by Bahá’u’lláh, are the focal points of devotion for Bahá’ís around the world. The edifices of the administrative center are situated on Mount Carmel near the Shrine of the Báb. Development under Shoghi Effendi Development under the Universal House of Justice Spiritual Significance During the ministry of Bahá’u’lláh, the center of the Bahá’í Faith was wherever He happened to be. The Báb had written that the point toward which the faithful should turn in prayer (the qiblih) should be "He Whom God Will Make Manifest" (the messianic Figure promised by the Báb), wherever He should go, and ultimately would be fixed as the place where His remains would be laid to rest. Bahá’u’lláh confirmed this instruction in His book of laws, the Kitáb-i-Aqdas (Most Holy Book).1 The prison city of Acre became the center of the Bahá’í Faith when Bahá’u’lláh arrived there on 31 August 1868 as an exile and a prisoner of the Ottoman authorities. He and His companions were taken to the citadel, where they were confined for more than two years. On 3 September 1868 the text of Sultan Abdülaziz’s order condemning Bahá’u’lláh and His companions to perpetual banishment and forbidding the inhabitants of Acre from associating with the exiles was read out in the principal mosque of the city as a warning to the population. The resultant hostility and suspicion of the populace gradually gave way to respect for Bahá’u’lláh and for ‘Abdu’l-Bahá, who became increasingly responsible for relations between the exiles and the public; conditions became easier and the attitude of the local population more friendly. In October 1870 Bahá’u’lláh and His family were permitted to move from the citadel to the first in a series of rented quarters in Acre. In June 1877, although Bahá’u’lláh remained a prisoner, it became possible for Him to take up residence in pleasant surroundings outside the city walls, first at Mazra‘ih and then at Bahjí, where He passed away in 1892. The activities of the Bahá’í World Center after Bahá’u’lláh’s arrival in Palestine consisted primarily of the dictation of letters (known in Bahá’í terminology as "tablets") and, when circumstances permitted, the reception of pilgrims. Bahá’u’lláh dictated the tablets to His secretary, usually Mírzá Áqá Ján. They were then transcribed by ‘Abdu’l-Bahá, Mírzá Muhammad-‘Alí, Zaynu’l-Muqarribín, and others, and dispatched to the Bahá’ís of Iran and elsewhere through couriers, such as Shaykh Salmán and Hájí Amín, and through pilgrims. Letters from the Bahá’ís were brought to the Holy Land by the same means. The flow of pilgrims had to be regulated, however. The undercurrent of antagonism to the Bahá’í Faith as a result of rumors that had been spread by its opponents, and the fact that the exiles remained prisoners of the government, meant that a sudden influx of pilgrims could have alarmed the authorities and created grave danger for the Faith. Bahá’u’lláh, therefore, required every pilgrim to obtain His permission before setting off on the journey and to pause at Beirut or Alexandria, where trusted representatives resided, for this permission to be confirmed before proceeding to Acre. ‘Abdu’l-Bahá, who continued to live in the city of Acre in a residence known as the House of ‘Abbúd, increasingly undertook day-to-day arrangements such as renting houses, securing food, and meeting with officials. Money to cover the expenses of the Bahá’ís came from a variety of sources. As was customary for those exiled for political reasons, the Ottoman government provided a small allowance for the maintenance of Bahá’u’lláh and those exiled with Him. This was later augmented by money that the Bahá’ís in the Holy Land were able to earn through trade. Also, Bahá’ís from Iran and other centers in the Middle East sent contributions and, later, payments of Huqúqu’lláh (Arabic: the "Right of God," a law providing for payment, as a private act of conscience, of a percentage of one’s capital gains to a fund at the disposition of the Head of the Faith). Despite this income, however, financial resources were limited, and the exiles lived simply; a pilgrim who visited the Holy Land in the last months of Bahá’u’lláh’s life records, for example, that the room in which Bahá’u’lláh lived at Bahjí was bare except for a chair and reed matting on the floor.2 Bahá’u’lláh arrived in Acre with sixty-six family members and companions. Over the years, numbers of Bahá’ís, some driven from their homes by persecution, some wanting to be close to Bahá’u’lláh, settled in the Acre–Haifa area. By the time of Bahá’u’lláh’s passing in 1892, these totaled about three hundred. A few served in the household of Bahá’u’lláh and in the Garden of Ridván, a spot near Acre that Bahá’u’lláh often visited, and in other gardens, but the majority took up occupations such as shopkeepers, carpenters, and iron- and coppersmiths in Acre and Haifa. When, on Bahá’u’lláh’s instructions, land was purchased on the Sea of Galilee, Mírzá Muhammad Qulí, Bahá’u’lláh’s half-brother, moved to Nuqayb to farm a tract of land that had been assigned to him. During the ministry of ‘Abdu’l-Bahá, from 1892 to 1921, the affairs of the Bahá’í World Center became more complex. With the rebellion of Mírzá Muhammad-‘Alí (‘Abdu’l-Bahá’s half-brother, the second surviving son of Bahá’u’lláh) and his supporters against the covenantal authority of ‘Abdu’l-Bahá, the Mansion of Bahjí, in which Mírzá Muhammad-‘Alí and his family resided, was no longer under the control of the Head of the Bahá’í Faith. The activities of these Covenant-breakers (Bahá’ís who attempt to disrupt the unity of the Faith by opposing the authority of Bahá’u’lláh or His designated successors as Head of the Faith) caused further problems when they led to the renewal of ‘Abdu’l-Bahá’s incarceration within the walls of Acre in 1901. In 1896 ‘Abdu’l-Bahá rented the House of ‘Abdu’lláh Páshá in Acre, both to receive pilgrims, who were now coming from Europe and America as well as from the Middle East, and to house His growing extended family as His daughters began to marry. Later, from about 1907, He began to move His family to Haifa, where He joined them in 1909 after His release from incarceration. His house in Haifa, located on what is now known as Haparsim (Persian) Street at the foot of Mount Carmel, became the administrative center of the Bahá’í Faith. ‘Abdu’l-Bahá had several secretaries who served Him in this capacity for varying lengths of time and who helped Him with His correspondence. Usually, one secretary was fluent in English and assisted with the correspondence received in that language. ‘Abdu’l-Bahá continued Bahá’u’lláh’s pattern of corresponding with individual Bahá’ís. As the postal services in the Middle East improved, the need to use Bahá’í couriers decreased. One of ‘Abdu’l-Bahá’s main achievements in developing the Bahá’í World Center—indeed, one of the greatest achievements of His ministry3—was the construction of the Shrine of the Báb on Mount Carmel at a spot that had been designated by Bahá’u’lláh. This was an enterprise fraught with problems at every stage. ‘Abdu’l-Bahá laid the foundation stone for the Shrine in 1899, but construction continued for many years. On 21 March 1909 ‘Abdu’l-Bahá laid the remains of the Báb to rest in a vault within the Shrine. Twelve years later, on 29 November 1921, ‘Abdu’l-Bahá was buried in an adjacent vault. Shoghi Effendi later enlarged the Shrine and completed the building by adding a superstructure (See Section: Development under Shoghi Effendi). From about 1909 onward, pilgrims were accommodated in Haifa. A pilgrim house built near the Shrine of the Báb in 1909 by Mírzá Ja‘far Rahmání, a Bahá’í from Ashgabat in Turkmenistan, housed pilgrims from the Middle East. Pilgrims from the West stayed in a house opposite ‘Abdu’l-Bahá’s residence in Haifa. In 1921, when Shoghi Effendi became Guardian of the Bahá’í Faith according to the provisions of ‘Abdu’l-Bahá’s Will and Testament , he promptly considered the steps required for the establishment of the Universal House of Justice, the supreme council of the Bahá’í Administrative Order (See: Administration, Bahá’í). In 1922 he gathered in Haifa "a group of representative and well-known Bahá’ís" to discuss establishing the Universal House of Justice.4 However, it became apparent that such a move would be premature, as it required a firm administrative foundation and a pool of well-informed Bahá’ís from which to draw both electors and membership—conditions that did not exist in 1922. Thus Shoghi Effendi "set about trying to establish at least the preliminary forms that might precede its election."5 During the early years of his ministry, he began bringing to Haifa Bahá’ís who could form a secretariat to assist him in his work. His first collaborator, Dr. John E. Esslemont from England, arrived in Haifa in November 1924 but died suddenly a year later, in November 1925. Others whom Shoghi Effendi approached were unable for a variety of reasons to come to Haifa or came but soon had to leave. As a result, Shoghi Effendi gave up for the time being the idea of bringing a number of competent Bahá’ís to Haifa to form an international Bahá’í secretariat. Instead, he relied on members of his family to assist him in his work as Guardian. Whenever he was absent from the Holy Land, he left principal responsibility in the hands of his great-aunt Bahíyyih Khánum, the daughter of Bahá’u’lláh. Shoghi Effendi’s father, Mírzá Hádí Shírází Afnán, represented him in meetings with officials and assisted with Persian correspondence. Shoghi Effendi’s cousins Rúhí and Suhayl Afnán and his brother Husayn Rabbání, all of whom had studied in Beirut, served Shoghi Effendi, among others, in the position of English secretary. He had Persian secretaries as well: ‘Azízu’lláh Bahádur, Mahmúd Zarqání, and Núri’d-dín Zayn. In 1925 Shoghi Effendi invited Effie Baker, the first Australian woman to become a Bahá’í (See: Dunn, Clara, and Dunn, John Henry Hyde.Arrival in Australia), to remain in Haifa after her pilgrimage. She served until 1936 as the keeper of the Western Pilgrim House and the custodian of the International Bahá’í Archives. An accomplished photographer, she took photographs of the Bahá’í World Center, many of which were published in early volumes of the publication called The Bahá’í World. Between July 1930 and January 1931, at Shoghi Effendi’s request, Baker traveled extensively in Iraq and Iran, creating a photographic record of sites associated with Bábí and Bahá’í history. In the summer of 1929, Shoghi Effendi conceived the idea of holding an international conference at which the formation of National Spiritual Assemblies (See: Administration, Bahá’í.Institutions of Bahá’í Administration.National Spiritual Assemblies) in the Middle East, as well as the subject of the Bahá’í administration in general, could be informally discussed. Plans for the conference were in hand when Shoghi Effendi learned that some of the older believers saw this as an opportunity to elect some form of interim international body. Shoghi Effendi believed this to be untimely and canceled the conference, saying it would be "a source of confusion, misunderstanding and even controversy."6 He held in abeyance for the next twenty years the idea of setting up a precursor to the House of Justice, concentrating instead on building up the network of Local and National Spiritual Assemblies around the world as "the bedrock upon the strength of which the Universal House is in future to be firmly established and raised."7 From the beginning of his ministry, Shoghi Effendi also devoted great effort to the physical development of the Bahá’í World Center—safeguarding, extending, and beautifying its properties. Mírzá Muhammad-‘Alí and his supporters let the Mansion of Bahjí fall into so dilapidated a condition that by November 1927 the roof was in danger of collapsing, causing them to seek assistance from Shoghi Effendi. He was then able to insist that they evacuate the building before he undertook repairs. They moved out of the mansion two years later, and Shoghi Effendi immediately set about restoring it. Later he obtained the approval of the British authorities for it to become a museum, permanently transferred to his control as Head of the Faith. In 1952 he was able to acquire extensive land around Bahjí for its beautification. Just before his passing in 1957, Shoghi Effendi succeeded in negotiating the expropriation by the state of the last of the properties around Bahjí occupied by the remnants of the Covenant-breakers. He also obtained permission for the Bahá’ís to have access to the room in the Acre citadel that had been occupied by Bahá’u’lláh, and in 1950 he secured the lease of the property at Mazra‘ih, where Bahá’u’lláh resided from 1877 to 1879. In Haifa, Shoghi Effendi improved the facilities for pilgrims by building the Western Pilgrim House, which had been contemplated by ‘Abdu’l-Bahá, on a site across Haparsim Street from the House of ‘Abdu’l-Bahá. This project had been initiated through a benefaction by Harry Randall, one of the early Bahá’ís in the United States, and was completed in 1926 with the assistance of Amelia Collins, another prominent American Bahá’í. Shoghi Effendi supervised the addition of three rooms to the Shrine of the Báb, as intended by ‘Abdu’l-Bahá, built its superstructure (completed in 1953), and progressively extended the terrace on which it stands; purchased land for the buildings of the permanent administrative center, the terraces above and below the Shrine of the Báb, and the site for the future Bahá’í House of Worship (Mashriqu’l-Adhkár) in Haifa; laid out rudimentary and symbolic terraces below the Shrine, linking it to the main avenue of the city; erected a befitting memorial over the resting place of Bahíyyih Khánum and transferred the remains of the brother (See: Mihdí, Mírzá) and the mother of ‘Abdu’l-Bahá to a location near it; and constructed the first of the buildings of the administrative center, the International Archives Building, which was completed in 1957. Shoghi Effendi frequently referred to Bahá’u’lláh’s Tablet of Carmel , written in 1890 during one of His visits to Mount Carmel, as the charter for the development of the Bahá’í World Center. When the Jewish-Arab conflict in the Holy Land reached a peak in the 1940s, Shoghi Effendi asked the majority of the Bahá’ís to leave the country, except for a small number whom he retained as caretakers of the Bahá’í holy places and gardens and for other essential services. Shoghi Effendi maintained cordial contacts with local and national figures in Mandatory Palestine and later in the State of Israel, thereby facilitating the recognition of the Bahá’í World Center by the authorities and the granting of tax-exempt status to the Bahá’í holy places, beginning in 1934 with the properties on Mount Carmel. The recognition thus won from the British Mandate authorities was continued after 1947 by the State of Israel. Among the actions taken by Shoghi Effendi to consolidate the position of the Bahá’í World Center was the establishment of Palestine branches (later, Israel branches) of several National Spiritual Assemblies. Shoghi Effendi was then able to transfer to these officially incorporated bodies various Bahá’í properties in the Acre–Haifa area that had previously been held in the names of individuals. As the Bahá’í administrative institutions around the world developed, they became the primary focus of Shoghi Effendi’s extensive correspondence, which comprised approximately thirty-six thousand letters and messages. He also remained in contact with individual Bahá’ís in every land. The support and secretarial assistance that Shoghi Effendi’s family gave him gradually diminished during the 1940s and early 1950s, as one by one the surviving relatives broke the Covenant and were expelled from the Bahá’í community. Soon only his wife, Rúhíyyih Khánum (See: Hands of the Cause of God), whom Shoghi Effendi described as "my helpmate, my shield . . . and my tireless collaborator,"8 remained to assist him with his English correspondence. Her father, Canadian architect Sutherland Maxwell (See: Hands of the Cause of God), designed the superstructure of the Shrine of the Báb and aided Shoghi Effendi in its construction. In 1947 Rúhíyyih Khánum’s close friend Gladys Anderson was invited to move from the United States to Haifa, where she took over a wide range of responsibilities. In early 1948 her fiancé, Ben Weeden, was also invited to serve at the Bahá’í World Center. He assisted with the building projects, among other assignments. After their marriage, the couple attended many official functions and played a role in contacting government officials on Shoghi Effendi’s behalf. Their services in this capacity continued until February 1951, when Ben Weeden had to leave Haifa because of ill health. Gladys Weeden continued her work in Haifa for nearly a year, leaving to join her husband in early 1952. During the months spanning the end of 1950 and the beginning of 1951, Shoghi Effendi took a major step in the development of the administrative institutions at the Bahá’í World Center. In November 1950 he invited five Bahá’ís to serve in Haifa. They were Lutfu’lláh Hakím, originally from Iran but then residing in England, who had served at the Bahá’í World Center during the ministry of `Abdu’l-Bahá; Amelia Collins and Charles Mason Remey, prominent American Bahá’ís since the time of `Abdu’l-Bahá (both of whom Shoghi Effendi would shortly name among the first contingent of the Hands of the Cause of God); and Ethel Revell and Jessie Revell, sisters from the United States who had also been Bahá’ís since the time of `Abdu’l-Bahá. After these five arrived, he informed them, the Weedens, and Rúhíyyih Khánum of his intention to appoint them as members of an International Bahá’í Council, with Rúhíyyih Khánum to be the liaison between the Guardian and the Council. In a message dated 9 January 1951, he proclaimed to the Bahá’í world the "weighty epoch-making decision" to form the "first embryonic International Institution" of the Bahá’í Faith.9 With the unexpected departure of the Weedens, the Council consisted of six members. In March 1952 Shoghi Effendi announced the enlargement of the Council to include Leroy Ioas from the United States, as Secretary-General, and Ugo Giachery from Italy, member at large. Like Collins and Remey, both had recently been named Hands of the Cause. Subsequently, Shoghi Effendi appointed a ninth member, Sylvia Ioas, who resided in Haifa with her husband, Leroy. Shoghi Effendi gave the members of the International Bahá’í Council many of the functions of liaison with government authorities. After Shoghi Effendi’s death in 1957, the staff at the Bahá’í World Center continued to expand. The Hands of the Cause of God, who functioned as the Head of the Bahá’í Faith during the interregnum between Shoghi Effendi’s passing and the election of the Universal House of Justice in 1963, appointed nine of their number to serve at the World Center under the overall authority of the body of the Hands of the Cause. For ease of reference in relations between the Bahá’í World Center and the Israeli authorities, these nine Hands residing in the Holy Land were designated the Custodians. They established their office in a building within the precincts of the House of ‘Abdu’l-Bahá.10 The office of the International Bahá’í Council remained in the Western Pilgrim House. The Council continued to function under the direction of the Hands of the Cause in the Holy Land, who called on all the members of National and Regional Spiritual Assemblies throughout the world to elect a new nine-member council in 1961, for a two-year term, in preparation for the election of the Universal House of Justice in April 1963. When the Universal House of Justice was elected in 1963, its nine members and their families took up residence in Haifa. The Western Pilgrim House became the offices of the Universal House of Justice, and a small secretariat was recruited to serve it. From that time onward, the Bahá’í World Center has continued to grow, and the number of those working as volunteers has increased, by March 2008 totaling 665 full-time volunteer workers from seventy-nine countries. A large proportion of the staff consists of youth volunteers (numbering some 338 between the ages of 18 and 30 in March 2008) who assist with various support activities. A measure of the expansion at the Bahá’í World Center is the fact that whole departments are now responsible for tasks that Shoghi Effendi used to undertake single-handedly. The exact organization of departments and offices varies from time to time, but they can be grouped into the following categories: Secretariat—concerned with the correspondence of the Universal House of Justice, including the filing, indexing, and retrieval of this material, as well as the processing of responses to incoming letters. Research Department—responsible under the direction of the Universal House of Justice for preparing material from the authoritative Bahá’í texts on issues specified by the Universal House of Justice, as well as producing compilations of scripture, translating and checking translations, and researching questions that come from all parts of the Bahá’í world. Department of Library and Archival Services—divided into an Archives Office, responsible for the preservation, arrangement, and description of the Bahá’í authoritative texts; a Conservation Office, responsible for preserving the Bahá’í sacred writings and relics, as well as other historic documents and artifacts; and the Bahá’í World Center Library. Offices charged with the responsibility for major construction and renovation projects and for the preservation and maintenance of the holy places and other Bahá’í properties at the World Center, including acquisition, restoration and construction, cleaning, maintenance, security, and gardens development. Important acquisitions include outright ownership of Mazra‘ih (1973), the House of ‘Abdu’lláh Páshá (1975), and additional land around Bahjí and Mazra‘ih and on Mount Carmel. This group of offices also organizes pilgrimages. Offices concerned with all legal issues and relations with government agencies, the media, and civil society. On 22 April 1987 an international agreement was signed with the State of Israel, carrying forward the recognition that had been obtained by Shoghi Effendi under the British Mandate and in the early years of the creation of the State of Israel and defining the relationship of the Bahá’í World Center with the state. Offices responsible for statistical analysis and for audiovisual resources. Offices responsible for worldwide issues related to socioeconomic development and the environment. Offices concerned with the management of funds, including such functions as handling contributions, accounting, purchasing, disbursements, and cost analysis. Offices that perform service functions—meeting needs for data processing, personnel, accommodation, health, telecommunications, and administrative development. Certain offices and institutions have functioned as adjuncts and auxiliaries of the Bahá’í World Center although physically located outside the Acre–Haifa area. The first of these was the International Bahá’í Bureau, established in 1925 in Geneva. Currently, Bahá’í official contacts with most international organizations are carried out through the external affairs offices of the Bahá’í International Community situated in Haifa, New York, Geneva, and elsewhere. In 1973 the International Teaching Center was established to function as the central institution coordinating the work of the Continental Boards of Counselors and their Auxiliary Boards around the world. The members of the International Teaching Center were the Hands of the Cause, throughout their lifetimes, and Counselors appointed by the Universal House of Justice to serve in that capacity. The former Western Pilgrim House was the office of the International Teaching Center for many years until its own building on Mount Carmel was completed in 2000. At present the International Teaching Center has nine full-time Counselors as members and a growing support staff. Communications between the Bahá’í World Center and the rest of the Bahá’í world have increasingly moved from letters and cablegrams to newer electronic forms such as electronic mail, entailing a corresponding increase in use of electronic data storage and retrieval. During the last quarter of the twentieth century, the Bahá’í World Center entered a new stage in its development. Several new buildings were erected. The first was the Seat of the Universal House of Justice; ground was broken in 1975, and the building was occupied in January 1983. The next major construction on Mount Carmel occurred in the period 1990–2001, with completion between 1999 and 2001 of the buildings for the International Teaching Center and the Center for the Study of the Texts; an extension to the International Bahá’í Archives Building; landscaped Terraces of the Shrine of the Báb, which stretch from the foot of Mount Carmel to its crest; and an Office of Public Information building, located under Terrace 11, that includes a Visitor Information Center. On 22–23 May 2001, over four thousand people—Bahá’ís and guests from 180 countries, dignitaries from Israel, international diplomats, and representatives of the news media—attended ceremonies marking the opening to the public of the Terraces on Mount Carmel. Free guided tours, which began in June 2001, are staffed by multi-ethnic guides trained by the Beit Hagefen Arab-Jewish Cultural Center and by Bahá’í volunteer workers. In March 2009, to accommodate the half million people who visit the Bahá’í gardens in both Acre and Haifa annually, the Bahá’í International Community launched an informational website for visitors (See: The Bahá’í Gardens ) and announced expanded tour options. In the vicinity of the Shrine of the Báb, a Pilgrim Reception Center opened in 2000. Located in two historic buildings that were restored and remodeled, the complex accommodates activities by increased numbers of pilgrims. At Bahjí, a Pilgrim Facilities and Visitor’s Center was built in 2001. In late 2008 work began on restoration and updating of the Shrine of the Báb. The four-year project, which includes earthquake reinforcement and various renovations, will not alter the building's appearance. Although the shrine will be enclosed in scaffolding and covered in canvas sheeting for approximately two years, it will remain open to pilgrims and visitors except for brief periods. In July 2008 the UNESCO World Heritage Committee chose to add the Bahá’í Holy Places in Haifa and Western Galilee to the World Heritage List of properties of "outstanding universal value" in the world's cultural and natural heritage. Bahá’u’lláh describes the land to which He was banished thus: "This Holy Land hath been mentioned and extolled in all the sacred Scriptures. In it have appeared the Prophets of God and His chosen Ones. . . . This is the promised Land in which He Who is the Revelation of God was destined to be made manifest. . . . the Land of unfading splendor. Whatever hath come to pass in this Day hath been foretold in the Scriptures of old."11 Shoghi Effendi describes it as "the Land promised by God to Abraham, sanctified by the Revelation of Moses, honored by the lives and labors of the Hebrew patriarchs, judges, kings and prophets, revered as the cradle of Christianity, and as the place where Zoroaster . . . 'held converse with some of the Prophets of Israel,' and associated by Islám with the Apostle’s night-journey . . . to the throne of the Almighty."12 Shoghi Effendi stresses the significance of both the spiritual and administrative world centers of the Bahá’í Faith having been permanently fixed in the Acre–Haifa area in the Holy Land. The most important location is the Shrine of Bahá’u’lláh, the qiblih of the Bahá’í world. Second in spiritual importance is the Shrine of the Báb, situated on Mount Carmel, the "Mountain of God." Shoghi Effendi describes the remains of the Báb as being at the center of "nine concentric circles," the outermost of which is the entire planet, the next being the Holy Land, then Mount Carmel, the Bahá’í properties on Mount Carmel, the gardens and terraces that enclose the Shrine of the Báb, the superstructure of the Shrine itself, the original Shrine built by ‘Abdu’l-Bahá, the vault under the central room of the Shrine, and the alabaster sarcophagus in which the remains of the Báb lie.13 The presence of the tombs of the sister, brother, and mother of ‘Abdu’l-Bahá in the Monument Gardens adjacent to the Shrine of the Báb "incalculably reinforces the spiritual potencies of that consecrated Spot,"14 which is "designated by Bahá’u’lláh Himself" as "the seat of God’s throne."15 The world administrative institutions of the Bahá’í Faith are, thus, inextricably linked with sites of great spiritual significance. In May 2001 the Universal House of Justice, addressing the Bahá’ís gathered in Haifa for the opening of the Terraces of the Shrine of the Báb, linked the developments on Mount Carmel with a new stage in the Bahá’í Faith’s and humanity’s evolution: The majestic buildings that now stand . . . on the slope of the Mountain of God, together with the magnificent flight of garden terraces that embrace the Shrine of the Báb . . . offer timeless witness to the fact that the followers of Bahá’u’lláh have successfully laid the foundations of a worldwide community transcending all differences that divide the human race, and have brought into existence the principal institutions of a unique and unassailable Administrative Order that shapes this community’s life. In the transformation that has taken place on Mount Carmel, the Bahá’í Cause emerges as a visible and compelling reality on the global stage, as the focal center of forces that will, in God’s good time, bring about the reconstruction of society, and as a mystic source of spiritual renewal for all who turn to it.16 Author: Moojan Momen 1. Bahá’u’lláh, The Kitáb-i-Aqdas: The Most Holy Book, 1st pocket-size ed. (Wilmette, IL, USA: Bahá’í Publishing Trust, 1993, 2005 printing) ¶137: 68. 2. Tarázu’lláh Samandarí, Moments with Bahá’u’lláh: Memoirs of the Hand of the Cause of God Tarázu’lláh Samandarí, trans. Mehdi Samandari and Marzieh Gail (Los Angeles: Kalimát, 1995) 52. 3. Erection of the mausoleum has been called "the greatest victory" of the early years of ‘Abdu’l-Bahá’s ministry. See Century of Light, prepared under the direction of the Universal House of Justice (Wilmette, IL, USA: Bahá’í Publishing Trust, 2001, 2003 printing) 13. 4. Rúhíyyih Rabbani, The Priceless Pearl, 2nd ed. (Oakham, U.K.: Bahá’í Publishing, 2000) 55–56, 247. The participants in the consultation included Lady (Sara Louisa) Blomfield, Emogene Hoagg, Ethel Rosenberg, Roy Wilhelm, Mountfort Mills, Mason Remey, Laura and Hippolyte Dreyfus-Barney, Consul and Alice Schwarz, and Wellesley Tudor Pole. 5. Rúhíyyih Rabbani, Priceless Pearl 248. 7. Shoghi Effendi, Bahá’í Administration: Selected Messages, 1922–1932, 1974 ed. (Wilmette, IL, USA: Bahá’í Publishing Trust, 1974, 1998 printing) 63. 8. Shoghi Effendi, Messages to Canada, 2nd ed. (Thornhill, ON, Can.: Bahá’í Canada, 1999) 141. 9. Shoghi Effendi, Messages to the Bahá’í World, 1950–1957 (Wilmette, IL, USA: Bahá’í Publishing Trust, 1971, 1999 printing) 7–8. 10. For information on the 1957–63 interregnum, see The Ministry of the Custodians, 1957–1963: An Account of the Stewardship of the Hands of the Cause (Haifa: Bahá’í World Centre, 1992, 1997 printing with corr.). 11. Bahá’u’lláh, Gleanings from the Writings of Bahá’u’lláh, trans. Shoghi Effendi, 1st pocket-size ed. (Wilmette, IL, USA: Bahá’í Publishing Trust, 1983, 2005 printing) 164: 344. 12. Shoghi Effendi, God Passes By, new ed. (Wilmette, IL, USA: Bahá’í Publishing Trust, 1974, 2004 printing) 183. 13. Shoghi Effendi, Citadel of Faith: Messages to America 1947–1957 (Wilmette, IL, USA: Bahá’í Publishing Trust, 1965, 1999 printing) 95–96. 14. Shoghi Effendi, This Decisive Hour: Messages from Shoghi Effendi to the North American Bahá’ís, 1932–1946 (Wilmette, IL, USA: Bahá’í Publishing Trust, 2002) 64.6: 46. 15. Shoghi Effendi, God Passes By 348. 16. Universal House of Justice, letter to the Bahá’ís gathered for the events marking the completion of the Mount Carmel Projects, 24 May 2001, http://www.infonet.st-johns.nf.ca/bahai/24May.html (accessed 14 Jan. 2009). Bahá’u’lláh’s Tablet of Carmel (Lawh-i-Karmil), regarded as the charter for the development of the Bahá’í World Center, is published in Tablets of Bahá’u’lláh Revealed after the Kitáb-i-Aqdas, comp. Research Department of the Universal House of Justice, trans. Habib Taherzadeh, 1st pocket-size ed. (Wilmette, IL, USA: Bahá’í Publishing Trust, 1988, 2005 printing) 1: 3–5, and in Gleanings from the Writings of Bahá’u’lláh 11: 14–17. A comprehensive volume on the history and development of the Bahá’í World Center is David S. Ruhe, Door of Hope: The Bahá’í Faith in the Holy Land, 2nd rev. ed. (Oxford: George Ronald, 2001). Much information on the development of the Bahá’í World Center is also included in Rúhíyyih Rabbani, The Priceless Pearl. Accounts of the development of the Bahá’í World Center up to 1992 are found mainly in the "International Survey of Current Bahá’í Activities" section of a number of Bahá’í World volumes (original series), beginning with vol. 4: 1930–32 (New York: Bahá’í Publishing Committee, 1933) and concluding with vol. 20: 1986–92 (Haifa: Bahá’í World Centre, 1998) 120–29, 133–35. In several of these volumes, relevant accounts and topical articles are also included in another section entitled "The World Order of Bahá’u’lláh"—for example, Husayn Amánat, "The Permanent Seat of the Universal House of Justice," The Bahá’í World, vol. 16: 1973–76 (Haifa: Bahá’í World Centre, 1978) 399–404. In the original series of Bahá’í World volumes, material on aspects of the Bahá’í World Center can also be found occasionally in other sections, including "The Completion of the Construction of the Sepulcher of the Báb in the Holy Land, 1953," The Bahá’í World, vol. 12: 1950–54 (Wilmette, IL, USA: Bahá’í Publishing Trust, 1956) 235–52; and Paul Haney’s "The World Centre of the Bahá’í Faith—Its Supreme Administrative Importance," The Bahá’í World, vol. 14: 1963–68 (Haifa: The Universal House of Justice, 1974) 433–38. Since 1992, the new series of annual Bahá’í World volumes has included a section entitled "Mount Carmel Projects" that summarizes progress during the year—for example, "Mount Carmel Projects: Progress 1996–97," The Bahá’í World, 1996–97: An International Record (Haifa: Bahá’í World Centre, 1998) 115–24. Information about the Bahá’í World Center is available online at Bahá’í International Community, "Bahá’í World Centre," http://www.bahai.org/dir/bwc (accessed 14 Jan. 2009), and "The Bahá’í Gardens," http://www.ganbahai.org.il/en/ (accessed 19 Mar. 2009), and in reports published by the Bahá’í World News Service, such as http://news.bahai.org/story/684 , regarding restoration of the Shrine of the Báb (accessed 2 January 2009), and http://news.bahai.org/story/705 (accessed 19 Mar. 2009), regarding visiting the Bahá’í sites on Mount Carmel and at Bahjí. The late John Wade provided invaluable assistance with early drafts of this article. Information concerning stipends for Ottoman prisoners was received from Neçati Alkan and from Fikret Adanir, Faculty of History, History of Southeastern Europe, Ruhr University Bochum, Germany.	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line17
__label__cc	0.748505	0.251495	Bruno Claessens African Art – Research. Publications. Exhibitions. Auctions. Discoveries. Opinions. Objects. Inscriptions, labels and stickers on African art Masterhands Museum Databases Tag Archives: Senufo A rediscovered Senufo staff Image courtesy of Anita J. Glaze, 1969. In 1969, Anita J. Glaze took the above field-photo of a Senufo staff in Ivory Coast. It was published recently in Bernard de Grunne’s catalogue on the subject, Senufo Champion Cultivator Staffs – which is freely available online here (p. 32). Unfortunately no additional information about the place, owner or carver is mentioned. Last week, the above staff was offered for sale at Sotheby’s Paris (info). Apparently the staff left Ivory Coast not long after Anita J. Glaze photographed it, since according to Sotheby’s it was already owned by Harvery T. Menist ca. 1968. Although the field-photo is a bit blurry, details such as the red fibers and presence of cowrie strings make it clear this is one and the same staff. I discovered two more staffs that are possibly carved by the same sculptor – only the angle between the upper and lower arm is different. A nice detail is how the carver omitted the two front legs of the stool the woman is sitting on, carving only the legs of the figure while maintaining the balance of the stool. Left: published in Afrikanische Kunst. Düsseldorf: Galerie Simonis, n.d. & right: published in: Sotheby’s, New York, 14 November 1995. Lot 64. ps the elaborate hairdo of the female figure crowning this staff in facts reflects an existing Senufo hairstyle – as can be seen on the beautiful field-photo below. Senufo woman. Published in: Himmelheber (Hans), “Negerkunst und Negerkünstler”, Braunschweig: Klinkhardt & Biermann, 1960:64, #53 (top left). This entry was posted in Objects, Research and tagged Senufo on December 7, 2015 by admin. A rediscovered Senufo figure from the Helena Rubinstein collection An important momentum in the appreciation of African art was the sale of the Helena Rubinstein collection by Parke-Bernet Galleries Inc. in April 1966. The unprecedented prices paid for the objects from her collection would radically alter the commercial value of African art. Ever since, and even more since the 2014 exhibition dedicated to her (info here & here), objects coming from her collection have been highly sought after. Last weekend, one of them popped up in an small US estate auction. An attentive collector discovered it on the above interior photo and was able to acquire it at a fair price. A wonderful detail is that after being cherished so long by the most important female collector of the 20th century, it will now be treasured again by another female collector, a species of which there are far too few. This entry was posted in Objects and tagged Senufo on September 21, 2015 by admin. Object of the day: a rediscovered Senufo staff from the Master of the spade-shaped hands Senufo ceremonial staff. Height: 90,5 cm. Photo by Ferry Herrebrugh. Image courtesy of Rutger & Irene der Kinderen, The Netherlands. Last year I had the pleasure to see the above staff while visiting a private collection in The Netherlands. The current owner acquired this masterpiece early 2014. Only a few weeks later he encountered an old black/white picture of his staff in the new exhibition catalogue of the Rietberg Museum: Afrikanische Meister – Kunst der Elfenbeinkuste (p. 168, fig. 218). I don’t need to explain the collector suddenly was even more happy with his last acquisition. Listed as ‘current location unknown’, the staff was last ‘seen’ when Schädler published it in 1973 (Afrikanische Kunst in Deutschen Privatesammlungen, p. 74) – it was his picture that was used in the 2014 catalogue. After having spend more than 30 years hidden away, the staff will be on view to the public from 14 April until 26 July 2015, at the last stop of the traveling exhibition, now dubbed Les Maïtres de la Sculpture de Côte d’Ivoire, at the Musée du quai Brainly in Paris. I’m happy to already share some pictures of it here. Photo by Ferry Herrebrugh. Image courtesy of Rutger & Irene der Kinderen, The Netherlands. Clearly this staff from the Korhogo district doesn’t resemble the more common Senufo staffs handed out to most productive farmers; possibly it served as an emblem of dignity. The zoomorphic figures on top most likely represent a chameleon and a bird. The group of figures, which is equally fascinating seen from any angle, is held in tension buy a skillful balance of surface areas, an intriguing interplay of lines and an elusive air of mystery. Frequent use has left a shiny, deep, reddish-brown patina at the centre of the staff, and the group of figures is covered with the remains of numerous sacrifices. As the above profile of the figure shows this staff was sculpted by a master carver. Due to the specific shape of his hands, he was nicknamed the ‘Master of the Spade-Shaped Hands’. A helmet mask (at least it looks like one) from a private Belgian collection can also be attributed to this artist – who is also sometimes called ‘The shovel shaped hands Master’. An interesting detail is that they share their earliest European provenance: Robert Duperrier. A third object from this sculptor is a small figure in the collection of the Rietberg Museum – also illustrated below. In my humble opinion the style of this artist is quintessentially Senufo; I don’t think it can get much better than this. Helmet mask. Height: 45,9 cm. Private Collection. Image courtesy of Musée Dapper. Senufo figure. Height: 18 cm. Image courtesy of the Rietberg Museum. This entry was posted in Objects, Research and tagged Senufo on February 27, 2015 by admin. “Senufo: Art and Identity in West Africa” at The Cleveland Museum of Art: the app Images courtesy of The Cleveland Museum of Art. Talking about innovative curatorial practices, the Cleveland Museum of Art has just announced the release of its first special exhibition mobile application: “CMA Senufo”, designed for the upcoming Senufo: Art and Identity in West Africa, opening Feb. 22. Through the presentation of insightful commentary, high-resolution imagery and video, “CMA Senufo” encourages a closer look at some of the exhibition’s individual objects and the story behind Senufo-speaking artists and patrons. The app is free and now available for iPhones through the Apple iTunes App Store. From home, you can enjoy a video preview with the museum’s Curator of African Art, Constantine Petridis, and find information for planning a museum visit. When you visit the exhibition and connect with the museum’s wifi network, the app will become your tour guide and offer other information (such as a multimedia tour featuring interviews with the curator, African art scholars and artists). The app also provides an interactive list of related events, gallery tours and information about the Cleveland Museum of Art. You need an Iphone of course; however, the museum will provide a limited number of iPod Touches free of charge for visitors without one. You can read more about the development of this app here. To quote CMA’s director William M. Griswold: “The Cleveland Museum of Art takes the development of cutting-edge technologies and interpretive materials to the next level with this exhibition app”. “The new technology behind our ‘CMA Senufo’ app provides visitors exclusive content, and allows visitors to experience this exhibition in ways not possible before.” We can only applaud the introduction of new technologies into the museum experience – however, I still prefer to spend my time looking at the display cases instead of staring at my phone. ps below the preview of the exhibition that is featured on the app. This entry was posted in Museums, News and tagged Senufo on February 12, 2015 by admin. Sotheby’s “In Pursuit of Beauty: The Myron Kunin Collection of African Art” catalogue online Senufo figure (lot 48). Height: 92 cm. Image courtesy of Sotheby’s. The long anticipated catalogue of Sotheby’s sale of the Myron Kunin collection is now available online here. For the occasion, Sotheby’s also has created two short videos, discussing both the man as his collection; you can view them here. The pre-sale exhibition opens in New York on 8 November; the sale is on 11 November 2014. This entry was posted in Auctions, News and tagged Senufo on October 17, 2014 by admin. “Senufo: Art, History, and Style in West Africa” at The Cleveland Museum of Art (2015) Senufo bird. Height: 40,6 cm. Image courtesy of the Africarium Collection. Coming up February next year at the The Cleveland Museum of Art, Senufo: Art, History, and Style in West Africa will examine how individuals such as dealers, collectors and artists and the circulation of objects among continents contributed to the emergence and definition of the Senufo style as we know it. It will also examine how the creativity of artists and the sponsorship of patrons in different times and places have varied, thereby resulting in a rich, dynamic, and diverse corpus. Artists and patrons in Korhogo and nearby Senufo communities, as well as in towns and cities peripheral to that center, have long produced visually engaging forms that do not necessarily fit within the canonical Senufo style. The exhibition will demonstrate that innovative artistic production takes place in an artistic center as well as in areas deemed peripheral to and less significant than that center. The exhibition will reconsider previous exhibitions of Senufo art by tracing 20th-century development of the Senufo style. It will broaden the visual scope of Senufo art and explore multiple possibilities for referring to the art as “Senufo” rather than contribute to a history of efforts to fine-tune the parameters of a singular and seemingly unchanging style. Historical documentation and research conducted in the last two decades by scholars of Africa, Europe, and North America will inform the exhibition by highlighting how the art of Senufo artists and Senufo patrons vary. The exhibition will run from February 22 to Sunday, May 31, 2015. The accompanying catalogue will be written by Susan Elizabeth Gagliardi – who did her Ph.D. on the Senufo at the University of California. The selection of objects was made by Constantine Petridis, curator of African Art at the Cleveland Museum of Art. Petridis himself is currently in the process of transforming his dissertation on the arts of the Luluwa into a book on the subject – something else to look forward to. This entry was posted in Exhibtions, Museums, News and tagged Senufo on September 25, 2014 by admin. Bernard de Grunne’s Senufo champion cultivator staffs at TEFAF, 2014 As always, Bernard de Grunne had made the effort to prepare a special themed exhibition for TEFAF. This year a presentation of 13 Senufo tefalipitya or ‘champion cultivator staffs’ took place. You can view the catalogue on de Grunne’s recently redesigned website, here. Highlights of his booth at Tefaf was the Bamana chiwara illustrated below. Extremely interesting was a big bronze antelope. Clearly an archeological find, this important piece was listed as “Djenne” (Inland Niger Delta), but with such ancient objects that just seems an arbitrary classification to me. Click here for a related example sold by Sotheby’s in 2010. This entry was posted in Fairs and tagged Bamana, Senufo on March 21, 2014 by admin. Auction review: Christie’s Paris – June 19, 2013 The June 19, 2013 auction at Christie’s had a couple of major museum quality objects, such as the Baga snake on the front cover, but it also has a wide range of interesting and good works that carried very reasonable estimates. 79 of the 132 objects (or 60 %) were sold. With a sale total (including buyer’s premium) of € 4,723.755,- for the 79 sold lots, it equalled Sotheby’s with a total of € 3,475.050,- for 56 lots with the average price/lot (ca. € 60K). Seen the intensified competition between the two auction houses, a praiseworthy result – but not a success. Objects from the Celeste and Armand Bartos collection offered a couple of great opportunities for connoisseurs with a bit of money. My personal favourite was the Senufo bird (pictured above). Estimated at € 20-30K, it sold to a private collector for only € 32K. Its strong lines and abstraction for me made it the best example of the Bartos’s refined taste. In the catalogue we read: In the assemblage of the pure forms seen on the Bartos Senufo bird – the oval in high relief upon a square – surmounted by the curved, tapering head offers the essential spirit of the gliding bird. It is clear in this sculpture the inspiration of modern artists, like Brancusi or Jean Arp, in the realization of many of their sculptures. Clearly appealing to their sophisticated feeling for line and form, the Senufo bird held a prominent place for many years in the Bartos’s collection. In the early 1960’s we see it near Miro’s Le Port (1945) which they acquired from Pierre Matisse and juxtaposed to Arp’s polished bronze (x) tbc. Later, the Senufo bird could be found prominently in their foyer, next to Noguchi’s Untitled (1968) in stone and wood – always the first piece they saw when they entered their home. The biggest suprise from the Bartos collection (and in the sale alltogether) was the squatting Dogon figure. Estimated between € 30-50K, it realized a record price of € 601K selling to a collector from Qatar. Everybody predicted a strong result for this exquisite miniature, but this result was clearly beyond expectations. Other highlights from the Bartos collection were a Kongo figure selling for € 97K (though mainly covered with European nails), a rare Bamana staff (€ 16K) and a Fang head exhibited in New York in 1935 (€ 337K). The centerpiece of their small collection was of course the Baga snake, which tripled its lower estimate, selling for € 2,337.500,-. In a recent mailing Christie’s advertised this result as a “world auction record for a Baga work”, apparently forgetting the Baga serpent from the Dinhofer collection that was sold by Sotheby’s NY for 3,3 million dollars in 2008 (currently € 2,5 million). Nevertheless, they do mention it in the catalogue note: The majority of exceptional examples among these sculptures, the Bartos serpent among them, were collected by Hélène and Henri Kamer in the 1950s, and are now held in the greatest museums in the world. Among the eight snakes collected by the Kamers are: one belonging to the Musée du Quai Branly, now exhibited in the Pavillon des Sessions (Louvre, Paris, 71.1989.49.1), it was given to the museum by Jacques Lazard under Hélène (Kamer) Leloup’s instigation; another one from the Menil Collection in Houston (V9009), two other examples from the Metropolitan Museum of New York (1978.206.101 and 1978.412.339) formerly in the Rockefeller collection, another snake sold by Leloup to the American director, John Huston, and finally, the one formerly part of the Pierre Matisse collection, now in a private collection (see Sotheby’s, 16 May 2008, lot 58). For other similar snakes, see: the Geneva Barbier-Mueller Museum figure; the Cleveland Museum of Art example (1960.37) published in Robbins and Nooter (1989 fig.247); and the Rietberg Museum figure in Zurich, acquired from Emil Storrer. Hélène Leloup recently recalled the specific circumstances under which she collected the Bartos serpent: When she arrived in Guinea in 1957, she and Henri Kamer settled in Boke. Over the course of 10 days she visited the Baga and Nalu territories. Searching for snakes. The Bartos snake was found toward the end of 1957 in a Guinea village then referred to as Victoria, today Kanfarandé. At the time, because it is situated at the mouth of the Rio Nuez River, this village had different names depending of the ethnical origin of the speakers. At low tide, she went via canoe up the river, which was bordered by mangroves, and she could see frightened crocodiles were escaping and dashing into the water. The return was very dangerous as the tide was high, and the waves became stronger causing the canoe to heave to and fro as it was very heavy with passengers – both objects and people (Leloup, personal communication, Paris, March 27, 2013). A second private collection offered in this sale, from the American performer Andy Williams, didn’t bring as much suprises. The Igbo couple for example was sold for half the estimate (€ 47K) – probably due to its post-1920 creation date. From the collection of the Art Institute of Chicago a Baga headdress (lot 61), estimated at € 400-800K, failed to sell. Both objects illustrate that the dedication of several pages in the auction catalogue to one specific lot (eight for the Baga!) doesn’t always pay off. The six pages praising the Epstein Dogon figure (lot 93, est. € 300-500K) also didn’t help. Two last important objects that remained unsold were the Bahan royal commemorative group (lot 122, est. € 250-350K) and the Ndengse figure (lot 127, est. € 150-250K). For me, this indicates the current markets concentration on esthetics rather than history and provenance. (all images courtesy of Christie’s) This entry was posted in Auctions and tagged Dogon, Senufo on June 30, 2013 by admin. Catalog online: Christie’s, SPLENDORS, Paris, 30 October 2019 Catalog online: Christie’s, PARIS AVANT-GARDE, 17 October 2019 Save the date(s): Christie’s fall sales of African, Oceanic and North-American Art Auction alert: Christie’s, Art of Africa – Masterworks, New York, May 14, 2019 The Lost Gods of Easter Island by David Attenborough (2000) Ashanti Bamana Bamun Bangala Baule Benin Boa Chokwe Dan Djenne Dogon Fang Field-photo Fon Guro Hemba Ibibio Igbo Kongo Kota Kuba Lega Lobi Luba Luba-Shankadi Luluwa Lwena Mangbetu Mbembe Mende Moba Mossi Nok Nupe Pende Senufo Shona Songye Suku Teke Vili Yaka Yombe Yoruba Zande Enter your email address to follow this blog and receive notifications of new posts in your mailbox.	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line25
__label__cc	0.528368	0.471632	A New Story for You + 2 Giveaways It’s Launch Day for Moonlight Over Manhattan, and I’m excited to bring you this heartwarming holiday novella set in New York City! Did you know I live only one hour from NYC? I loved including some special Thanksgiving and Christmas events in this story. Here’s a description: When Sarah Montgomery, an efficient professional organizer meets Justin Latimer, a carefree children’s poet, romantic sparks fly, but misunderstandings make their relationship challenging. Do opposites truly attract, or will their differences pull them apart? Can their faith help them see things more clearly and lead them toward lasting love? This touching story will inspire you and lift your spirit this holiday season. To purchase a copy, visit my website for links to your favorite eBook retailer, and keep reading for information about two special giveaways! Giveaway Number One: You could win a Welcome to New York Gift bag, and eBook copy of Moonlight Over Manhattan, a bottle of Moonlight Path Fragrance, and a cute makeup travel organizer bag, which sounds like something my heroine would love! Sign up for my email newsletter (box at the top of the page on the right) and leave a comment below to enter this giveaway. If you’re already a newsletter subscriber you can mention that in your comment. If you are reading this post on GoodReads or in an email, please visit my website to enter the giveaway. I’ll choose a winner Sunday, October 16th at 9:00 PM Eastern, then email the winner. Keep reading for another giveaway! Giveaway Number Two: I’ve teamed up with more than 40 fantastic inspirational contemporary romance authors to give away a great collection of eBooks pictured below, plus a Kindle Fire to one lucky winner! You can win a copy of Moonlight Over Manhattan plus books from Susan May Warren, DiAnn Mills, Ruth Logan Herne, Julie Lessman and many others. This giveaway runs through Monday, October 17th. Enter by clicking this link: http://bit.ly/contemp-inspy This entry was posted in Uncategorized by Carrie Turansky. Bookmark the permalink. 170 thoughts on “A New Story for You + 2 Giveaways” Melissa Henderson on October 10, 2016 at 11:27 am said: Already a subscriber to your newsletter. Love this story! 🙂 Rebecca Tellez on October 10, 2016 at 12:07 pm said: Already a subscriber to your Newsletter. Excited to read it after I finish Surrendered Hearts, which I am really enjoying. Cori on October 10, 2016 at 12:14 pm said: I’m already a newsletter subscriber. I would love to win and love NYC! Ellen Cranstoun on October 10, 2016 at 12:18 pm said: I’m already a newsletter subscriber and would like to be entered for a prize! Can’t wait to read this book on my Kindle. Rachel Dixon on October 10, 2016 at 12:28 pm said: Already subscribe. Congrats! And happy release day!!! Anne Payne on October 10, 2016 at 12:37 pm said: Congratulations, Carrie! The cover is beautiful. I’m looking forward to reading Moonlight Over Manhattan. I am already an email subscriber. 🙂 Beth Gillihan on October 10, 2016 at 12:46 pm said: I am already a subscriber. Congrats! Beckie on October 10, 2016 at 12:57 pm said: already a subscriber! kim hansen on October 10, 2016 at 12:58 pm said: I already get your newsletter. Cool giveaways. Anne Rightler on October 10, 2016 at 12:59 pm said: It was a fun book to read and the cover is just stunning! The giveaway sounds fantastic. Thank you for sharing! Here’s hoping to be a winner! Already subscribe to your newsletter (forgot to mention that!) Stephanie H. on October 10, 2016 at 1:00 pm said: I am already an email subscriber and I can’t wait to read your new book.Thanks for the amazing giveaway! Kari on October 10, 2016 at 1:00 pm said: Already a subscriber, I believe! Book looks so good!! Diane Blaser on October 10, 2016 at 1:00 pm said: I’m already a fan and a newsletter subscriber and I so appreciate the opportunity to win your fabulous giveaway! Thank you! Stacey Jones on October 10, 2016 at 1:01 pm said: Hi Carrie, I’m already a subscriber, and Moonlight Over Manhattan downloaded to my kindle this morning (YAY!); however, I would love to be entered into your giveaway. Thanks! Margaret on October 10, 2016 at 1:02 pm said: Looking forward to reading your books. Debbie Nitsche on October 10, 2016 at 1:03 pm said: Hi Carrie! I’m already a subscriber. Would L O V E to win this give away! Thank you and God Bless! Jean Kincaid on October 10, 2016 at 1:05 pm said: Already a subscriber but happy, happy to read any of your books. Have a great day. Lori Weller on October 10, 2016 at 1:05 pm said: Already subscribed. Looking forwars to reading your book! Bonnieandtim@yahoo.com on October 10, 2016 at 1:09 pm said: I’ve never had the opportunity to visit New York, so enjoy reading stories that make me feel like I am there. I’m hoping to win, and experience something new! Thanks. Carol Paine on October 10, 2016 at 1:10 pm said: Looking forward to reading the story. Connie Fischer on October 10, 2016 at 1:11 pm said: I have been a subscriber for quite some time now. In addition, I read and review your books. They are awesome. I am especially drawn to them because they are clean and wholesome. That’s hard to find these days in the reading world. Thanks for your giveaway. Now, go forth and make someone very happy. Kim on October 10, 2016 at 1:13 pm said: Already a newsletter subscriber. This sounds like a good book! Thanks for a chance! Becky B on October 10, 2016 at 1:15 pm said: I am a subscriber to your newsletter! What lovely prize packages! Thank you for the chance!! Renee Jackson on October 10, 2016 at 1:15 pm said: I already am a subscriber. Though I would love to win and read this book! Stephanie Allen on October 10, 2016 at 1:15 pm said: This is an amazing giveaway. Thanks for the opportunity. I am already subscribed to newsletter. Have A Wonderful Day!!! Angi on October 10, 2016 at 1:22 pm said: I am already a newsletter subscriber. Thank you for the chance! Lillian Crouse on October 10, 2016 at 1:25 pm said: I already receive your newsletter. That is how I found out about this neat giveaway. Sounds like a great book! Pam Zarate on October 10, 2016 at 1:26 pm said: I’ve been to New York once and loved it. Would love to win your book Thank you for the opportunity to win Linda Scarchuk on October 10, 2016 at 1:26 pm said: I am already a subscriber…what a wonderful giveaway…I would love to spend the Holidays in NY City with your book! Thank you for the chance… Brenda Williams on October 10, 2016 at 1:26 pm said: Sounds so exciting! Moonlight over Manhattan… very romantic. Haley J.S. on October 10, 2016 at 1:28 pm said: Ohh! Sounds super exciting! (And, yes, I am already a subscriber!) Beverly Laude on October 10, 2016 at 1:30 pm said: Already subscribed. Thanks & looking forward to this book! Suzanne Sellner on October 10, 2016 at 1:31 pm said: I’m already a subscriber to your newsletter and love reading your books. I have memories of spending a Christmas in New York City and look forward to reading your latest release. Shelley on October 10, 2016 at 1:35 pm said: already a subscriber. Bonnie Roof on October 10, 2016 at 1:37 pm said: Congrats, Carrie – I’m looking forward to reading this beautiful contemporary romance novella from you and love that there are Thanksgiving and Christmas events included!! Thanks for the wonderful giveaway opportunities – I’ve shared this post, the novella promo from Amazon, and the giveaway promo from BookSweeps! I’m already a newsletter subscriber. Joan Arning on October 10, 2016 at 1:37 pm said: Already a subscriber! Although I like living in a rural area, it would be nice to be able to visit New York City. Cecilia Lynn on October 10, 2016 at 1:39 pm said: Great giveaway package. Mary B. on October 10, 2016 at 1:40 pm said: Would love to win a copy of your book!! I already subscribe to your newsletter. Debbie Clatterbuck on October 10, 2016 at 1:48 pm said: I’m already a subscriber to your newsletter. What fabulous giveaways. I sure hope I win one. Thanks for the giveaways and good luck everyone. Diane Tatum on October 10, 2016 at 1:48 pm said: Already a newsletter subscriber! Sign me up for the giveaway! Congrats on another publication. Connie Scruggs on October 10, 2016 at 1:53 pm said: I am a subscriber to your newsletter. The new book sounds great, and what a fun prize package! Chelsey on October 10, 2016 at 1:53 pm said: Already a newsletter subscriber as well. Fun giveaway, I hope I win one! Susan on October 10, 2016 at 1:53 pm said: Also a subscriber. Excited to read your new book. Becky shapiro on October 10, 2016 at 2:00 pm said: I can’t wait to read this book, my hubby and I were in Manhattan just a couple weeks ago. What an amazing place! Oh, and I think I am already a subscriber but re-signed up just incase. Alyssa Weinzapfel on October 10, 2016 at 2:00 pm said: Thought I was already, but signed up in case. Thanks for the opportunity. Amanda T. on October 10, 2016 at 2:03 pm said: Already a newsletter subscriber. What a fun giveaway! Susan P on October 10, 2016 at 2:08 pm said: Already a subscriber!! Thank you, Carrie. 🙂 clynsg on October 10, 2016 at 2:08 pm said: Already a subscriber. Those look nice! Patricia DeMyda on October 10, 2016 at 2:09 pm said: Congratulations!! I am already a subscriber. Charlotte on October 10, 2016 at 2:10 pm said: Another subscriber here, Carrie! Thanks for the giveaeay! Cecily on October 10, 2016 at 2:12 pm said: I am a subscriber. I attended New York University, so this would be a fun package. ? Bhriv on October 10, 2016 at 2:20 pm said: Already a subscriber. What a great sounding book and an awesome giveaway! Looking forward to reading Moonlight over Manhattan! Thanks for the opportunity for the giveaway! Gail Hollingsworth on October 10, 2016 at 2:21 pm said: I’m a subscriber and I would love this New York package. We were scheduled this week to leave on a first time trip to New York with friends. We had to cancel at the last minute because my husbands dad got deathly sick and is still recooperating in the hospital. I probably will never get a chance again for a trip like this but I’d be estatic if I happened to win. Jonna Marsh on October 10, 2016 at 2:29 pm said: I subscribed! Would love to win this! Judi Imperato on October 10, 2016 at 2:30 pm said: Hi Carrie, I am currently an email newsletter subscriber of yours, but I would love to win this giveaway. Thank you for the opportunity! Mary Weiser on October 10, 2016 at 2:30 pm said: Already a subscriber love the giveaway ? Jonella Moore on October 10, 2016 at 2:39 pm said: Already a subscriber ❤️ Thanks for this unique giveaway! ???? Julie on October 10, 2016 at 2:39 pm said: I am already a subscriber Julie Smith on October 10, 2016 at 2:42 pm said: I already subscribe to your newsletter. Thank you for offering this cute giveaway. Winnie Thomas on October 10, 2016 at 2:54 pm said: What a fun giveaway! I’m already a subscriber to your newsletter. Congrats on your new release, Carrie! Terressa T. on October 10, 2016 at 2:56 pm said: How exciting! Your books are always so fun to read!! (P.S. I am a newsletter subscriber) Name on October 10, 2016 at 3:04 pm said: I am a subscriber. This is a wonderful and generous giveaway. The book looks like my kind of book. DebraG on October 10, 2016 at 3:05 pm said: I subscribed but I think I may done it twice. Dawn Schout on October 10, 2016 at 3:07 pm said: Already a subscriber! Great prize! Tammy Henderson on October 10, 2016 at 3:07 pm said: I’m already a subscriber. You’re story seems very sweet. Can’t wait to read it. ??? Raechel L. on October 10, 2016 at 3:10 pm said: Sounds like a great story! Can’t wait to read. 🙂 I’m already a newsletter subscriber – thank you!!! Martha T. on October 10, 2016 at 3:26 pm said: I’m a subscriber. It would be neat to win! Danie on October 10, 2016 at 3:27 pm said: The cover of your newest book is so beautiful! Sounds like a really good book to read. I would love to read it. I forgot my email address oh.hello.hiya@gmail.com Gay Martin on October 10, 2016 at 3:29 pm said: I am a subscriber! Love giveaways……thanks for posting this. Michele Hayes on October 10, 2016 at 3:29 pm said: Already subscribe, thanks for the chance to win. Sharon Foust on October 10, 2016 at 3:30 pm said: Already a subscriber to your newsletter! Sounds like a fun story! I love Christmas and Christmas stories. NameMarion on October 10, 2016 at 3:40 pm said: Thank You for this great giveaway. The book looks very good. Marion on October 10, 2016 at 7:18 pm said: I subscribe to your newsletter. Linda Horin on October 10, 2016 at 3:46 pm said: I’m already a newsletter subscriber. Thanks for the giveaway. This book looks like a good read. I am looking forward to reading it. Linda Syman on October 10, 2016 at 3:47 pm said: I subscribe! Thanks for the giveaway. NinaB on October 10, 2016 at 3:49 pm said: I already subscribe to your newsletter. Can’t wait wait to read the book. Nice prize. Kathryn Voss on October 10, 2016 at 3:50 pm said: I already subscribe. Thanks for the giveaway! Piper F on October 10, 2016 at 4:03 pm said: Already a subscriber to your newsletter! Such an exciting giveaway! 🙂 Theresa N on October 10, 2016 at 4:11 pm said: Already on the list. The book sounds wonderful. Valerie Rogers on October 10, 2016 at 4:12 pm said: Already a subscriber! Would love the giveaway! Thanks for the chance! Tara Jones on October 10, 2016 at 4:12 pm said: Already subscribed!! Pam Erselius on October 10, 2016 at 4:19 pm said: I’m a happy subscriber already. -Pam Sarah Grace on October 10, 2016 at 4:27 pm said: I am already a subscriber to your news letter. Theses giveaways sound so amazing!! ?? Steph J on October 10, 2016 at 4:38 pm said: I subscribed to your newsletter. Thanks for the chance to win some great prizes. Katherine Good on October 10, 2016 at 4:44 pm said: Already a subscriber and would love to win this prize pack. Lena Nelson Dooley on October 10, 2016 at 4:51 pm said: I already subscribe to your newsletter. I’d love to win either one of the giveaways, especially the first one. Jodi Kosary on October 10, 2016 at 5:06 pm said: Would love to win in your giveaway and am already a subscriber. Joye I on October 10, 2016 at 5:31 pm said: I am already a subscriber. I enjoy reading your books. Cynthia St. Germain on October 10, 2016 at 5:34 pm said: I am already receiving your newsletter and I love your books. Becky Eldredge on October 10, 2016 at 5:36 pm said: I’m already a subscriber to the newsletters and love them! Thanks for the opportunity! SHARON H on October 10, 2016 at 5:39 pm said: I love the cover picture on your new book Carrie, makes you want to read it just from that alone. I’m a subscriber already and it would be exciting to win one of the giveaways! Annie JC on October 10, 2016 at 5:54 pm said: Already your subscriber, Carrie! Thanks! Great NYC pack! Karen M. on October 10, 2016 at 6:04 pm said: Already a subscriber. Great prize! bn100 on October 10, 2016 at 6:37 pm said: Jamie Smith on October 10, 2016 at 6:43 pm said: Already a subscriber! Would love to win. Sonja Nishimoto on October 10, 2016 at 6:45 pm said: I am wondering if i scubscribed a second time, haha! Well, better safe than sorry. What a fantastic give-away. Your book looks like such a fun read. Have had one opportunity to visit New York. It was an amazing trip. I would love to do that again someday. Jackie Wisherd on October 10, 2016 at 6:52 pm said: I am already a subscriber. Love your books. Diana on October 10, 2016 at 7:14 pm said: I am already a subscriber. Thank you so much for these giveaways! I absolutely love your writing! Carol Woodruff on October 10, 2016 at 7:16 pm said: I already subscribe to your newsletter. The book sounds great. Marilyn on October 10, 2016 at 7:17 pm said: What a generous giveaway. This is a terrific prize to win. Thank you for this giveaway. I subscribe to your newsletter. Teri Donaldson on October 10, 2016 at 7:17 pm said: Just subscribed. You are a new author for me and I look forward to reading your books! Karen Williams on October 10, 2016 at 7:55 pm said: Already a subscriber. You are a new author to me so can’t wait to check out the novel. Congrats on the release Deana Dick on October 10, 2016 at 8:00 pm said: Congrats on the new book. Already a subscriber. My review has been posted on Amazon, Goodreads and my blog. Kathy Osborn on October 10, 2016 at 8:07 pm said: Congratulations ‼️‼️ I’m already a subscriber ❤️ Thanks for the chance ❤️ Judith Martinez on October 10, 2016 at 8:10 pm said: Sounds great! I’m a subscriber. Christine McMahon-Chase on October 10, 2016 at 8:16 pm said: Congrats on the new release 😉 I am currently a newsletter subscriber. Deana on October 10, 2016 at 8:41 pm said: I’m a subscriber! And I want to win! I’m getting laid off and decided my dream job is to be a consultant in NYC, so this is perfect for me! jennifer beck on October 10, 2016 at 8:54 pm said: looks like a great gift bag . thanks for the chance!!! Charlyn on October 10, 2016 at 8:56 pm said: Subscriber who would like to win! Enjoyed a trip to Manhattan Kristi on October 10, 2016 at 9:00 pm said: I already receive your newsletter. I would like to enter this contest. Thank you! Kathy on October 10, 2016 at 9:12 pm said: Hi Carrie, Thanks for the chance to win. I look forward to reading “Moonlight Over Manhattan!” Terry Trahan on October 10, 2016 at 9:21 pm said: I’m already a subscriber. Thank you for the chance to win. Sharon Bryant on October 10, 2016 at 9:32 pm said: I am already a subscriber to your newsletter!! Great giveaway. Conway SC. Catherine Lemanski on October 10, 2016 at 9:55 pm said: Please enter me in your giveaways. I am a newsletter subscriber. Thank you. MarshaJ on October 10, 2016 at 9:55 pm said: I’m already a subscriber! Hubby and I spent our 10th anniversary in NYC in 2008. We’ll celebrate 18 years on Monday, Oct. 17th. Wouldn’t this book be a fantastic way for me to celebrate? Thanks for the opportunity to win. Courtney Clark on October 10, 2016 at 10:10 pm said: I’m already a newsletter subscriber and would love to win! Thank you! Darla on October 10, 2016 at 10:10 pm said: Love this! Already subscribe to your newsletter Brenda Murphree on October 10, 2016 at 10:17 pm said: Congratulations! It’s a beautiful book! Thank you for this opportunity. I am subscribed. If I wasn’t already I am now. BJ Marley on October 10, 2016 at 10:48 pm said: I already get your newsletter. Nancy Luebke on October 10, 2016 at 11:10 pm said: Already A Subscriber to your newsletter. What a nice giveaway. Thanks for this opportunity. Amanda on October 10, 2016 at 11:19 pm said: I already subscribe! Happy release day! Constitutionchic on October 10, 2016 at 11:48 pm said: Already a subscriber. Can’t wait to read the book! Kim on October 11, 2016 at 12:17 am said: Just signed up for your newslettter! I have read several of your books! Really like them! Samantha Morris on October 11, 2016 at 12:36 am said: Already a subscriber. Thanks for a chance! Lisa on October 11, 2016 at 12:56 am said: I’m a new subscriber & your book has been added to my TBR List! Mary Preston on October 11, 2016 at 1:10 am said: Fantastic thank you. Kathy Davis on October 11, 2016 at 1:46 am said: I love a heartwarming romance. ? I’m already subscribed to your mailing list. Bekah on October 11, 2016 at 6:29 am said: Good Morning! I signed up for your newsletter today. Congrats on your release, it sounds like a great story! I have fond memories of seeing NY with my husband and friends a few years back. Erica March on October 11, 2016 at 8:33 am said: Already receive the newsletter! Always enjoy reading your books … thanks for using your gift to make others happy! : ) barbara graves on October 11, 2016 at 9:23 am said: Becky Smith on October 11, 2016 at 10:09 am said: subscribed, but thought I already was. The new cover is gorgeous!!! Caryl Kane on October 11, 2016 at 11:05 am said: Carrie, congrats on your release! I already subscribe to your newsletter. 🙂 Lisa Garrity on October 11, 2016 at 11:22 am said: I’m already a subscriber but love the sound of this giveaway! Thanks for the opportunity. Shelia Hall on October 11, 2016 at 11:28 am said: Sue on October 11, 2016 at 11:37 am said: Looks like it will be a good read love Manhattan Susan Roeper on October 11, 2016 at 12:13 pm said: I can’t wait to read this book. I am already a subscriber to Carrie’s newsletter. Thanks for offering this new book as a giveaway. Sarah on October 11, 2016 at 12:31 pm said: Dee on October 11, 2016 at 1:23 pm said: I’m a newsletter subscriber! Thank you so much for this chance – I can’t wait to read this! 🙂 Carrie @ Reading Is My SuperPower on October 11, 2016 at 4:59 pm said: I’m a subscriber – what a fun giveaway! Vickie on October 11, 2016 at 5:06 pm said: I’m already a subscriber. Thanks for the chance to win! Linda Walters on October 11, 2016 at 5:17 pm said: I am already a subscriber. I love your books. Pamela Morrisson on October 11, 2016 at 6:53 pm said: I subscribed. I always enjoy your books. Would love to win. Susanne on October 11, 2016 at 7:43 pm said: Signed up for the newsletter. Would love to read this book 🙂 Sarah Richmond on October 11, 2016 at 9:29 pm said: I’m a subscriber of your newsletter, awesome giveaway I’d the chance to win some great prizes. The book looks and sounds great I’d love the chance to read it. Debra Braz on October 11, 2016 at 11:10 pm said: I am already a subscriber to your newsletter. Congratulations! I can’t wait to read the book! Nancy M on October 12, 2016 at 12:26 am said: Congratulations Carrie! I’m already a subscriber to your newsletter! Georgina on October 12, 2016 at 12:51 am said: Thanks for offering this giveaway! Lily O. on October 12, 2016 at 1:10 am said: I’m already a subscriber! Thank you for the giveaway! Cynthia Powers on October 12, 2016 at 7:14 am said: I already subscribe. Love the sound of the new book! I’ve been to Manhattan, and had lots of fun. Tima on October 12, 2016 at 8:14 am said: I’m already a subscriber. What a fun giveaway. Thanks. elizabeth on October 12, 2016 at 10:04 am said: I’m a subscriber – thanks for the chance to win Cynthia A. Lovely on October 12, 2016 at 3:42 pm said: Great cover! And yes, I already subscribe… BETHANY BREWER on October 13, 2016 at 10:48 am said: I already get your newsletter thanks for the contest its a great giveaway:) Alison Boss on October 14, 2016 at 9:58 am said: I LOVE reading holiday stories and Moonlight Over Manhattan sounds like a holiday delight! I am already a subscriber to your newsletter. Thanks so much for the opportunity to win this wonderful gift package!!! ~Alison Kelly on October 14, 2016 at 6:49 pm said: I’m a newsletter subscriber! Thanks! Tammy Pol on October 14, 2016 at 7:16 pm said: Congratulations Carrie! Love your books! I’m excited to read Moonlight Over Manhattan 🙂 Tina Rice on October 14, 2016 at 7:37 pm said: Congratulations Carrie! Beautiful cover. Heather Navarro on October 14, 2016 at 8:42 pm said: Just subscribed to your newsletter. What a great giveaway. This sounds like such a good book. I can’t wait to read it 😀 Beth on October 14, 2016 at 10:23 pm said: That book looks great and my favorite fragrance is Moonlight Path! Janneke van Hoven-Cornelisse on October 15, 2016 at 4:29 am said: Nice ways to promote your books and to make us eager to read them. Laura W. on October 15, 2016 at 4:31 am said: Already a newsletter subscriber. Would love to win, because the prize pack is probably the closest I will ever get to NYC! I would love to read your newest novella, it sounds like a great story with a fun plotline. Definitely the perfect read when I am waiting at the Dr’s or waiting to pick my kids up from school. Happy Launch month, and thanks for the opportunity! Kristine Klein on October 15, 2016 at 9:22 am said: Just subscribed. For some reason I thought I had subscribed before, but I guess not! Rory Lynn Lemond on October 15, 2016 at 8:39 pm said: Already subscribe to your newsletter and on your Facebook page would love to be entered in both giveaways number one and number two give away thank you so much for this opportunity Elise on October 16, 2016 at 2:47 am said: This sound like a sweet Christmas story. Thank you for the opportunity to win this giveaway! Also, I am already a newsletter subscriber. Tammy Cordery on October 16, 2016 at 2:12 pm said: Hi, I am already a subscriber. This book sounds like a great book to read. I love love stories. kris morgan on October 16, 2016 at 3:13 pm said: I’m already a subscriber. Thank you for a fun contest. Jen on October 16, 2016 at 6:03 pm said: Really enjoy holiday stories… Not really sure why but they are my favorite – and any style: historical, modern, suspense. Your book looks like an interesting read. – a subscriber Shantelle on October 16, 2016 at 9:30 pm said: I’m subscribed! 🙂 Leave a Reply to Janneke van Hoven-Cornelisse Cancel reply	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line29
__label__wiki	0.855797	0.855797	Kimmel Racing Takes On New Season With Familiar Face Topics: Will Kimmel, Lucas Oil Slick Mist 200 Kimmel Racing “Father-Son Duo Ready To Shine In ARCA Season Opener” DAYTONA BEACH, Florida (February 13, 2012) - - The original settings of Kimmel Racing have changed but the team lives on and is ready to shine as the ARCA Racing Series opens its 60th season of competition when the Lucas Oil Slick Mist 200 takes the green flag at Daytona (Fla.) International Speedway Saturday afternoon. Will Kimmel, the son of Kimmel Racing owner Bill Kimmel will heed the leading role for the Indiana-based race team as the driver of the No. 68 Enterprise Software Development / Clarksville Schwinn Ford Fusion. For the second-time in his ARCA career, the 23-year old will grasp the high banks of the 2.5-mile superspeedway and look to ignite his 26th career start in stunning fashion. “We’re blessed to be going to Daytona,” said Kimmel, whose holds a career-best finish of second in ARCA at Salem (Ind.) Speedway last September. “Dad (Bill) and our all-volunteer team have worked ferociously to get our No. 68 Enterprise Software Development / Clarksville Schwinn Ford Fusion ready to go for this weekend and I believe we’re more than ready. We learned a lot from the test in December and I think with the changes since then we can improve on our Daytona debut from 2009. Despite a 18th place finish in his restrictor plate debut at “The World Center of Racing” three years ago, the team came prepared with a stout blue oval which boasted an impressive eighth place qualifying run only to be sidelined by a mid-race incident which resulted in the finish. Knowing that restrictor plate racing brings a lot of unknowns, Kimmel also knows that the chance is now for his team to shine and keep their momentum rolling for 2012. “You cannot predict what happens at these plate races,” offered Kimmel, a former Super Late Model champion at Salem (Ind.) Speedway, his stomping grounds in his home state of Indiana. “Despite that being said, we still have a job to do. We’re going to try our best to run the full season, of course sponsorship pending. A good finish will definitely help in making a championship-run possible. Nonetheless, we’re going to Daytona with a great group of sponsors and it’s our job as a team at Kimmel Racing to put on an electrifying performance.” With his father and ARCA champion crew chief Bill Kimmel calling the shots; Kimmel doesn’t feel the pressure of performing but rather using the bond as a chance to explode into the limelight with potentially his first career win. “Daytona, means so much too many of those on our race team,” Kimmel sounded. “It’s a place that is magical and can bring those types of results. But, having Dad atop of the box doesn’t affect the way I drive. He believes in me and I believe in him. It’s a partnership that we both trust each other. We both know though it’s going to be a tough field by looking at the entry list, so timing will be everything and patience will be vital to the eventual outcome. We’re just thankful to be a part of the action.” In addition to Enterprise Software Development (ESD) and Clarksville Schwinn, Kimmel Racing is thankful for the support of Crosley Radio and Ingersoll Rand who have joined the veteran ARCA organization as additional sponsors for ARCA’s version of the Super Bowl. “I feel like we are forever indebted to every person and sponsor who is making this trip to Daytona possible,” Kimmel remarked. “We know that without them none of this would be possible.” The Lucas Oil Slick Mist 200 at Daytona (80 laps / 200 miles) is the first of 20 events on the 2012 ARCA Racing Series presented by Menards schedule. The 49th ARCA race held at Daytona is a three-day show. Practice begins Thursday, February 16 with a four hour practice session planned from 1:00 p.m. - 5:00 p.m. Menards pole qualifying presented by Ansell is set for Friday, February 17 slated to begin at 2:00 p.m. A forty-five minute final practice session is etched in on Saturday, February 18th from 10:00 a.m. - 10:45 a.m. The event will take the green flag later that day shortly after 4:30 p.m. The race will be televised live on SPEED with additional race coverage including live timing and scoring and radio broadcast through the ARCA Racing Network (ARN) online at arcaracing.com. All times are local. ARCA, celebrating its 60th season in 2012 is the preamble for the highly anticipated Budweiser Shootout for the NASCAR Sprint Cup Series (NSCS) set to ignite under the lights later that night. For more on Will Kimmel, please visit willkimmel.com. PHOTO CAPTION: Will Kimmel, driver of the No. 68 Enterprise Software Development / Clarksville Schwinn Ford Fusion in the ARCA Racing Series presented by Menards for Kimmel Racing. NAME: Chris Knight, Knight Motorsports Management EMAIL: chris@chrisknightpr.com	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line30
__label__wiki	0.699133	0.699133	The stories behind the buildings, statues and other points of interest that make Manhattan fascinating. The Corn Exchange Bank Building - 204 West 4th Street Founded in 1853, Corn Exchange Bank had gobbled up other banking institutions like the Astor Place Bank, the Home Bank and the Washington Trust Company by 1919 when it looked to Greenwich Village as the site of a new branch. On March 19 that year The Sun reported that the bank had purchased "the property at 76 Grove street, and 7, 8, and 9 Sheridan Square" as the site of its 42nd branch. The plot, it said, "faces the new subway station of the Seventh avenue subway, and the modern and attractive Greenwich Village Theatre." The bank building would replace the three brick buildings to the right, behind the street car in this photo. photo by Jessie Tarbox Beals, from the collection of the Museum of the City of New York By the time of the newspaper's article The Corn Exchange bank had hired architect S. Edson Gage to design the structure. He worked with an oddly-shaped plot, more than 91-feet long on Sheridan Square (later West 4th Street) and just 15-feet on Grove Street. Gage's post-war take on neo-Georgian gave a nod to the city's early architectural history. Faced in variegated red and gray brick laid in Flemish bond, it was trimmed in marble. The entrances were capped by bold arched pediments and the massive arched openings of the second floor wore scrolled keystones. A marble frieze and cornice separated the third story, where especially handsome carved and paneled window lintels graced the windows. Gage joined the pitched roofs of both sides, creating the illusion of a hip roof. Originally the narrow Grove Street side was just wide enough to accommodate the side entrance. photo by Wurts Bros. from the collection of the Museum of the City of New York Until the second half of the 20th century firms would pay their employees in cash. Workers received a pay envelope each week. It was a practice that allowed employers to coldly let a worker know he had been fired by inserting a pink slip into his pay. It also required at least one officer worker to make a bank run every week to withdrawal the large amounts of cash--making him a target for thieves. Such was the case just before noon on August 11, 1928 when the cashier of the Arthur R. Purdy Iron and Metal Work Company on Greenwich Street walked out of the Sheridan Square branch with the company's payroll. The routine of A. E. Gleason had most likely been watched for weeks, and as he entered the hallway of the firm's building, he was attacked by two men, one armed with a pistol. Although it was not an enormous payroll, the bandits nevertheless made off with the equivalent of $8,800 today. In 1929 S. Edson Gage was called back to enlarge the bank by slightly doubling its width on Grove Street. His nearly seamless addition was separated from the original building at the roof level by a tall chimney and wall. Their purpose was most likely to disguise the additional full fourth floor of the new structure, slightly higher than the original. Behind its two copper clad dormers were two "non-housekeeping apartments." The term meant that they had no kitchens. The nation was captivated by the sensational kidnapping of the 20-month-old son of aviator Charles Lindbergh in March 1933. Before the ransom was paid, the F.B.I. recorded the serial numbers of the bills. One of them would turn up in the Corn Exchange Bank's Sheridan Square branch and provide critical evidence. Cecelia M. Barr was a cashier in the Loew's Sheridan movie theatre on Seventh Avenue at West 12th Street. At 9:30 on the night of Sunday, November 26, 1933 Richard Hauptmann stepped up to her window and threw a folded $5 bill at her. The next morning the assistant manager of the theater took the night's receipts to the bank. Teller William Cody--along with employees of grocery stores, insurance agencies, gas stations, airports and such--had been given a pamphlet warning to watch for the ransom bills, along with a listing of the serial numbers. The sharp-eyed teller discovered that the $5 bill Barr had received from Hauptmann was one of those marked by the FBI. The collection of circumstances led Cecelia Barr to distinctly remember the man among the 1,500 patrons that night, and to describe him to Federal authorities. She later recounted “He took the bill out of his watch pocket and threw it at me. That naturally made me look up—the way he did it.” Other factors made her take notice of Hauptmann. He was late for the screening—she was even counting her receipts, not expecting anymore patrons—and although it was a cold night, he wore no overcoat. The third reason, other than the tossing of the bill, was the way it was folded. “The bill was folded in eight parts as if it had been taken from a watch pocket. I had to unfold it myself,” she later testified. The evidence and Barr's testimony partly let to Haupmann's conviction and execution. She received a $1,000 reward in January 1938. The second floor housed doctors' offices in 1943. The Grove Street side has three entrances--the main doorway, a service door to the basement, and what was probably an employees' entrance. from the collection of the Library of Congress In 1954 the Corn Exchange Bank & Trust Company merged with Chemical Bank, taking the latter's name. Another name change would come about in 1995 when Chemical Bank merged with Chase Manhattan. Long before that a teller was terrified by a bank robber on April 1, 1974. The tall, thin man who wore a brown raincoat and ski mask told the teller he had a bomb. He made off with $700 in cash; over $3,500 in today's money. Crime was not restricted to the banking floor. Upstairs were the offices of Ragwomen Distributors, founded to supply newsstands with feminist periodicals, like the women's bi-weekly newspaper, the Majority Report. In February 1975 criminals broke in, and stole typesetting equipment and financial records. It was more than a case of burglary, however. An employee, Nancy Borman, told reporters that "bright orange paint was sprayed on the walls." The wall that separates the top floors of the original building and addition necessitated the lopping off of the ear of one of the marble lintels. While the neighborhood around it has seen significant change since 1919, S. Edson Gage's dignified bank building has survived virtually untouched; a striking presence on the high-profile corner. photographs by the author Posted by Tom Miller at 1:56 AM Labels: greenwich village, neo-georgian architecture, s. edson gage, sheridan square, west fourth street James November 21, 2019 at 6:33 AM Ah, but the doors... Tom Miller November 21, 2019 at 10:21 AM well, there's that. :-) Tom Miller tmiller632@aol.com broadway (150) east village (70) Fifth Avenue (181) harlem (52) herald square (9) Kleindeutschland (22) NoHo (35) park avenue (37) The Ladies' Mile (63) Tompkins Square Park (6) union square (52) My Books! Seeking New York Seeking Chicago Kitchen and Residential Design 5 Tips for Keeping Your Driveway Maintained architect design™ Classical Baltimore pied-à-terre for sale Lower East Side History Project Blog Manhattan Loft Guy ch ch ch changes September 30, 2013 archigasm Manhattan Unlocked Ghost of the Broadway Central Hotel The New York Wanderer \| New York-based author, historian, raconteur, flaneur The 1834 Survivor at 149 West 10th Street The Edwin Booth Statue - Gramercy Park The 1868 E. R. Mudge, Sawyer & Co. Building - 43-4... The Frederic H. Betts Mansion - 22 East 65th Stree... The 1898 La Rochelle Apartments - 57 West 75th Str... The Lost Michael Sampter House - 2138 Fifth Avenue... A Marble Beauty - 40 White Street The Sapphire Hotel - 337-339 West Broadway The Corn Exchange Bank Building - 204 West 4th Str... The 1930 Hangar Club - 34-36 East 63rd Street The Arts & Crafts Style Pease & Elliman Building -... The Lost Harmonie Club - 43-45 West 42nd Street The James Polhemus House - 96-98 Grove St (170 Wav... Cleverdon & Putzel's 1896 60 Grand Street The Luther Halsey Smith House - 412 West 154th Str... The William Knabe & Co. Building - 437-439 Fifth A... The Barnett Bros. Department Store - 289-295 Colum... The Lost St. Alphonsus Church - 308 West Broadway The Huyler's Candy Store - 863 Broadway The 1839 Wm. T. Whittemore House - 181 West 10th S... The 1909 Redfern Building - 3 East 48th Street The Charles S. McVeigh House - 40 East 71st Street... The Grayling - 101 West 74th Street The Lost Grace Institute - 149-155 West 60th Stree... The Julius Bowman House - 108 East 73rd Street The John R. Murray House - 375 Canal Street	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line35
__label__cc	0.595702	0.404298	Mission, Vision, Objectives Funding Acknowledgements Funding & Career Development Courses/ Training/ Workshops Sayoki profile PROFESSOR SAYOKI MFINANGA Professor Sayoki Godfrey Mfinanga is a Chief Research Scientist and Director of the Muhimbili Research Centre of the National Institute for Medical Research (NIMR), Tanzania. He is also a Deputy Director for Afrique One Consortium and Coordinator for the Tuberculosis Node of Excellence of East Africa under East African Consortium for Clinical Research. He is Academic Supervisor for masters and PhD students at University of Bergen, Centre for International Health and he supervises master students for Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences. He is Chair of NIMR Non Communicable Diseases (NCD) Technical Working Group, Member of National NCDs Working Group and International Standards for Tuberculosis Care Core Working Group He is also a member the Capturing the One Health Momentum for Global Implementation and Proof of Concept Global Working Group of Operationalising “One Health”. Professor Mfinanga holds a Degree in Medicine (MD) from the University of Dar es Salaam and Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in Medical Epidemiology from the University of Bergen, Norway, focusing on tuberculosis and HIV co-infection. He has received several others courses at level of advanced postgraduate diploma including courses in Epidemiology, Bio-statistics and Medical Informatics, and Good Clinical and Laboratory Practices. Dr Mfinanga has been involved in a number of research projects, most of them related to Tuberculosis, HIV infection, Zoonoses, Maternal and Child Health, Influenza A virus infection, molecular epidemiology, and non communicable diseases. He has over 18 years of research experience and has published 61 articles in peer reviewed national and international journals. A list of Professor Mfinanga’s publications can be found here. 1st Face-to-Face Meeting (Malawi) Dr Henry Mwandumba Dr Cecilia Kanyama AMNET Members Dr Admire Hlupeni & Dr Chimwemwe Chawinga Dr Melanie Alufandika & Dr Sumaya Sayed UNC Project Malawi 2nd Face-to-FAce Meeting (South AFrica) Tweets by @@amnet2020 2nd AMNET Face-to-Face Meeting, Cape Town, July 2019 9th EDCTP FORUM ABSTRACTS PUBLISHED IN BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL (BMJ) GLOBAL HEALTH New AAS-Gates-German Partnership That Spurs Health Innovations Call For Experts : Scientific Advisory Committee of the EDCTP Association	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line42
__label__wiki	0.583596	0.583596	Testosterone Track by Track - Godlike button “Be-bop-a-lula baby gonna get my gun” What if Elvis would do the vocals to an EBM track and sing about the threat of nuclear holocaust? It would probably not sound anything like Godlike button; but that was what we were aiming for with this song. I think the Elvis approach on the verse came about since the bass line is a bit bluesy. And we always try to find a different or new element to incorporate in our music to make it interesting and fresh. The lyrics is probably influenced by the movie Dr. Strangelove. Both me and Erik really love the work of Stanley Kubrick. But it is also deeply influenced by the volatile situation in the middle east and the nuke flexing by Kim Jong-il in North Korea. It is also a way for me to confront a life long fear of nuclear weapons; a fear that stems from growing up during the cold war in the 80:s. Sadly the production (or rather lack of production) on this track makes it a bit too... nice. I wish we had spent some more time on this one making sure it sounded a bit more heavy and aggressive. Testosterone by Batch ID Testosterone Track by Track - Nothing to say Feeling a bit nostalgic and thought I should write something about each track on the album Testosterone. Nothing to say was the first track I wrote with Erik. We had just met and was trying to figure out what kind of music we should do together. We both liked electroclash and figured we should write a pop song with some edge and attitude. We started by programming a baseline and some drums in Reason. In fact a lot of our early songs are programmed solely in Reason. It's only the vocals that are done in Cubase. The music came along very easy and it only took a couple of hours to write and programme. But when it came to the lyrics we got stuck and had no idea in what direction we wanted to go. I had this idea that we should stay away from love themes. Probably thought it was easy to get into cliches, and wanted to do something different. I remember that we took a break from the studio and went for pizza. While eating we came up with the idea of trying to write lyrics about something that annoyed and angered us (wixh has become a formula for Batch ID). We pitched a lot of different ideas before we started to talk about stuff that currently was on TV. We both despised reality television and docusoaps where young people got famous for being drunk and doing stupid stuff. We both seemed to have a particular disgust for the show The Simple life with Paris Hilton and Nicole Richie. Rich girls that seemed to get famous for being obnoxious and stupid and really detached from everyday life. Girls with absolutely nothing to say. With that topic in mind it was very easy to come up with the lyrics and I think we recorded the vocals the very same day. We had absolutely no clues about production when we started the band. We only used EQ on the master and on the vocals. The other sounds is mostly raw from the synths in Reason. We had some rudimentary knowledge about reverb and delays, but other then that, it is not many effects in the production. So we kind of picked sounds that we thought fit in different places in the soundscape. That is why the sound of the songs sometimes are a bit flat and lacks a bit in punch and depth. But considering the lack of knowledge I am surprised that the songs sounds as good as they do. It could have been much worse.	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line44
__label__wiki	0.648217	0.648217	Centre for Mennonite Brethren Studies Archives for the Canadian Conference of Mennonite Brethren Churches 1310 TAYLOR AVENUE WINNIPEG, MANITOBA R3M 3Z6 PHONE (888) 669-6575 \| (204) 669-6575 \| FAX (204) 654-1865 EMAIL \| cmbs@mbchurches.ca Search Whole Site Institutional Records Publications Personal Papers Genealogies Theological Resources Worship Resources Search our whole site, or within a particular record type. ← Back to Personal Papers Quiring, Jacob H. (1913–2004) Proper Title Jacob H. Quiring fonds Dates of Creation [195–]–2004 2cm. of textual material Jacob H. Quiring, minister and teacher, was born on June 10, 1913, in Hepburn, Saskatchewan, to Henry C. Quiring (15 March 1878-14 December 1966) and Maria Nikkel (23 May 1883-28 June 1964). Jacob grew up on a farm near Dalmeny, Saskatchewan, and was baptized upon confession of faith in Jesus in 1929, joining the Dalmeny Mennonite Brethren Church. While he enjoyed farming life, his passion for Christ and the church was strong. At 15, he preached his first sermon. He attended Tabor Bible School in Dalmeny (2 years) and Winkler (Manitoba) Bible Institute (5 years). With the recommendation of Dr. A.H. Unruh, he was invited to teach at the Coaldale (Alberta) Bible Institute (1936-1939). After his first year of teaching, he married Anna Enns (b. 18 January 1914) on June 27, 1937. They adopted two children (Lois and Robert) and then two children (Linda and David) were born to them. Linda died at the age of 29 due to cancer. After eight years of Bible school teaching, first in Coaldale and then in Dalmeny (1941-1944), Jacob was ordained by the Dalemey MB Church to serve as minister of the gospel. Sensing the need for more formal education, the Quiring family moved to Hillsboro, Kansas, where Jacob completed a BA from Tabor College in 1945. Jacob joined the faculty at the newly formed Mennonite Brethren Bible College in Winnipeg and served for ten years as instructor, earning a Bachelor of Divinity (now equivalent to MDiv) degree during the summers. He was a “highly-respected college teacher” and was “frequently invited to speak in churches across Canada,” according to David Ewert (“A Tribute to Jacob H. Quiring [1913-2004]” MB Herald [Sept 3, 2004] p. 26). Following his stint as college instructor, Jacob accepted the pastorate of the Winkler (Manitoba) MB Church, serving for 7 years. Returning to MBBC in 1962 as President, he led the college administration through to the summer of 1966. Then the Bakerview (Abbotsford) MB Church called him to the pastorate, where he served for nine years. On May 25, 1970, he was awarded an honorary Doctor of Divinity degree from Wilfred Laurier University. His wider denominational responsibilities included serving as moderator of the Canadian MB Conference and the British Columbia MB Conference. “At times he was critical of some of the trends and developments in the denomination, but his love for the church never wavered,” says David Ewert (“Quiring, Jacob H. (1913-2004),” Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online [June 2005]). In retirement, Jake and Annie traveled to Austria, where Jake taught for three terms. He also served in several congregations as an interim minister and into his 80s accepted invitations to preach. They settled in Abbotsford in 1982, after 46 years of public ministry. Jacob H. Quiring died on July 24, 2004, at the age of ninety-one. Annie died on July 11, 2014, at the age of 100. According to David Ewert, “Jake was a man of great integrity and honesty. He reflected deeply on the great verities of the Christian faith, and often wrestled with theological questions and even spiritual doubts” (“A Tribute,” p. 27). In addition to David Ewert’s tribute (MB Herald) and biography (GAMEO), more details of Jacob H. Quiring’s life can be found in his autobiographical writings: Two are better than One (1995) and Nostalgia (1994), both of which are included in the fonds. See below. In 2012 (no accession number recorded), Bert Friesen donated four duo-tang bond folders of writings by Jacob H. Quiring to the Centre for Mennonite Brethren Studies, Winnipeg. The Jacob H. Quiring fonds consists of four unpublished works, two are autobiographical (Two are better than One [1995] and Nostalgia [1994], one is a collection of thirty devotionals that aired on radio station CFAM during the 1950s, while Jacob ministered at the Winkler MB Church, and one is a short collection of funeral sermons, Faith Looks Beyond the Grave (1994). The fonds documents well the scope of Jacob’s ministry, his life and pulpit ministry. Title based on contents of fonds. Accession numbers: no number recorded. Volume No.: 1029. Finding aid consists of a description and a file list. Description created by Jon Isaak, September 2013. No restrictions to access. 1. Radio Devotionals. -- thirty messages read on Radio station CFAM. -- [195-]. 2. Funeral Sermons. -- Faith Looks Beyond the Grave. -- 1994. 3. Autobiography. Nostalgia. -- 1994. 4. Autobiography. Two are better than One. -- 1995. 5. Tribute and obituary. -- 2004. News from CMBS Discerning women in ministry leadership in the Mennonite Brethren church “It’s like a detective story; …Read More » Archive of all “News from CMBS” posts Summer 2018 marked …Read More » Click here to view used books for sale. Mennonite Archival Image Database (MAID) Mennonite Brethren Historical Commission Mennonite Encyclopedia online (GAMEO) Mennonite Heritage Archives Mennonite Heritage Museum Mennonite Heritage Village Mennonite Historian (magazine) Who are Mennonites? (4 minute video) News from CCMBC Our Financial Story Prayer alert Institutional Records Provincial Conferences Canadian Conference of MB Churches Other Mennonite Organizations Conference Resolutions Conference Yearbooks Confessions of Faith Study Conference Papers Genealogical index Published genealogies Unpublished genealogies	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line45
__label__wiki	0.583562	0.583562	Birds, moths, trip reports and of course, plenty of photos... Ireland Field Ecology Trip Ireland Field Ecology Trip ~ 1st-15th September 2018 ~ I recently returned from a fortnight in Inch on the Dingle Peninsula in County Kerry, Ireland. The trip was part of a university module on Field Ecology and for the whole two weeks, we were doing just that. In the first week we were split into groups, visiting a different habitat each day to learn about the ecosystem & think about the various biological relationships that exist there. Throughout the week we spent time in the woods, moors, estuary, dunes and on the rocky shores. Inch and the surrounding area are absolutely stunning & on our daily excursions we saw some pretty cool stuff. Here's a few photos before I mention the second week: Panoramas from the various habitats we visited... they just don't do the incredible landscapes justice. A Ragworm (Hediste diversicolor) from the rocky shores showing off its segmentation. The Kerry Slug (Geomalacus maculosus) in all its speckled glory. After a brief rain shower we found quite a few of these rare creatures. Round-leaved Sundew (Drosera rotundifolia) was very numerous among the Sphagnum bogs on the moors. We found quite a few Wild Pansy (Viola tricolor subsp. curtisii) around the dune system. Lyme Grass (Leymus arenarius) is one of the key pioneer species of the Inch dunes and is succeeded inland by Marram Grass (Ammophila arenaria). The second week of our trip was project week: where we had to get into groups of up to three and design and implement our own project looking at a biological relationship within one of the five habitats. Our group chose to focus on the estuaries (basically so we could look at birds all day), and look at the probing rates of different species of wader and see whether it differed between species and whether it was affected by substrate type or the distance from the shore or tide line. It was really cool watching the behaviour of different birds, and because we were sat in a hide for about six hours each day we also got to see Otters on a few occasions and see some of the waders at very close range which was nice! Not a bad view! The weather did get pretty grim on one day though - we were very glad to be in the hide and out of the rain! After we'd finished with project work each day we went birding for a bit longer & came across a few interesting things that had been washed up on the beach, including the remains of a Triggerfish. We also managed to do a bit of birding after we'd finished project work each day and we saw a fair bit, although no Semi-palmated Sandpipers or Plovers, despite much searching! Highlights were 248 Curlew, 40 odd Greenshanks, 1000's of Common Scoters on the sea and a female/immature Hen Harrier which we got superb scope views of! Non-birding highlights mainly came from a few evening/night walks along the beach to check for stranded Manxies (none found luckily) and included my first Natterjack Toads and By-the-wind Sailors!! Natterjack Toad (Epidalea calamita). One of a few found among the high tide line on the beach. One of two By-the-wind Sailors (Velella velella) we found along the tide line. Such amazing creatures & one I have wanted to see for a while now! Posted by Josie Hewitt at 15:09 1 comment: Marsh-marigold Marsh-marigold (Caltha palustris), also known as 'kingcups' is a medium-sized member of the buttercup family Ranunculaceae. Growing up to 80cm high, this colourful plant is found in wet meadows, marshes and wet woodlands, and grows particularly well in the shade. Its flowers are quite large - between 15-50mm in diameter, and it is one of the early flowering plants, with flowers appearing in March and lasting until June/July. In autumn, the plants die back down and overwinters with buds near the surface fo the marshy soil. Marsh-marigold (Caltha palustris) growing along the broad at UEA. In terms of its ecology, Marsh-marigold only grows in freshwater locations with oxygen-rich water near the surface of the soil. It is quite a good bioindicator of pollution as it avoids areas with fertiliser application and high levels of phosphate and ammonia. However, it is often associated with iron-rich seepages because iron reacts with phosphate, thus making it unavailable for plants. In the UK, Marsh-marigold is quite widespread and its population remains fairly stable, however, it is locally threatened by drainage and agricultural improvement of wet grassland habitats. C. palustris is an extremely variable species, with many different combinations of its features having been observed. There are however, 5 main varieties that are widely recognised: C. palustris var palustris which has yellow sepals, tricolpate pollen (pollen with 3 furrows) and is not rooting at the nodes. C. palustris var radicans which also has yellow sepals and tricolpate pollen, but is distinguished by the plants being smaller and with fewer flowers on the stems as well as rooting at the nodes after flowering. C. palustris var araneosa also has yellow sepals and tricolpate pollen, however the plants are larger, and have many flowers on the stem and only occurs in the fresh water tidal zones of the Netherlands. C. palustris var alba has white sepals, usually pantoporate (with rounded opening all over the surface) pollen (although sometimes tricolpate), and is only found between 2200 and 3500m along rivulets in Afghanistan, Pakistan and the western Himalayas. C. palustris var purpurea has magenta sepals, tricolpate pollen and is only found between 4000-5000m on alpine meadows and mossy slopes in the eastern Himalayas. Despite some serious safety concerns, people use the flowering parts of Marsh-marigold that live above ground to try and treat a variety of ailments, including cramps, jaundice and liver problems. Some people also put Marsh-marigold directly on the skin to clean wounds and sores. However, there is no evidence that Marsh-marigold actually works to treat any of these conditions and as with all buttercups it is poisonous and can cause skin irritation, so you shouldn't try it at home! Marsh-marigold (Caltha palustris) with a Hoverfly species assisting with pollination. Posted by Josie Hewitt at 13:40 No comments: Foxley Wood Yesterday we headed to Foxley Wood, which is about 30 minutes NW of Norwich, on an Ecology field trip. The purpose of our visit was to learn about coppicing as a management strategy, ancient woodland indicator species and to have a go at some plant identification. Unfortunately, we didn't do much of the latter due to the terrible weather. Foxley Wood is Norfolk's largest remaining ancient woodland and over 350 flowering plants have been recorded on the site. This includes one of the UK's least known native trees: the Wild Service Tree Sorbus torminalis, which is rather inconspicuous for most of the year, until it becomes covered with white blossom in late spring and its leaves turn a coppery-red colour in autumn. Coppicing is an ancient woodland management technique that is used extensively at Foxley Wood in order to maintain a matrix of woodland growth stages to benefit biodiversity. Coppicing involves felling the same stumps near ground level and then allowing shoots to regrow from that stump, whilst also leaving certain large trees (standards), typically mature oaks. Where coppicing occurs, the woodland is often divided into blocks and coppiced on a rotational cycle of about 15 years in order to maintain a variety of woodland ages. Historically, coppicing was used to produce numerous straight stems from each coppiced stump, which would then be used for posts, fencing and firewood. Coppiced Hazel tree showing the numerous new stems growing from the coppiced base. During our wander around Foxley Wood, it was really interesting to see the different ages of coppice blocks and to be able to compare and contrast it with the ancient woodland and grazed areas. This allowed us to see first hand the effects of the different management practices and I found it particularly interesting to see the stark differences in the under storey between the coppiced areas and the ancient woodland, and also how the plant assemblages changed too. Coppiced woodland with standards (left) compared to Ancient woodland (right) Very different under storeys in the two areas with it being much denser in coppiced areas and much thinner in the ancient woodland. One of the main aims of our trip was to learn about ancient woodland indicator species (AWIs), and despite the weather, we managed to locate quite a few of the early flowering AWIs that are found at Foxley Wood. The term ancient woodland refers to land that has had continuous woodland cover since at least 1600AD, and AWIs are a group of species, typically vascular plants (but also some invertebrates and lichens), that are more common in ancient woodland than in recent sites and display a number of characteristics: Rarely occur outside of woodland, and if they do, then they indicate a long temporal continuity of woodland cover. Capable of growing in shade, though don't necessarily grow exclusively in shade. Reliable indicators, in at least part of the region being surveyed. Slow colonisers - normally have a small seed shadow, meaning that seeds don't disperse very far each year, so colonisation of new areas is slow. There are approximately 100 plant species that are thought to be good indicators of a woodland's age, and when a woodland shows more than about 10 of these indicator species, it is likely that the wood has existed for a long time. AWIs vary between the different regions of the UK and finding one AWI species alone is not enough to determine a woodland's age, but finding combinations of AWIs suggests different things about the woodland's age. A carpet of Honeysuckle (Lonicera periclymenum) - one of the 12 ancient woodland indicator species that we were looking for. While at Foxley Wood, we were on the lookout for 12 AWI plant species, and despite the dreary weather we managed to find 7 of them. One of the AWI species that we managed to find was Wood-sorrel Oxalis acetosella (also known as Common Oxalis). The Oxalis part of the binomial is due to the presence of oxalic acid within members of the genus, while acetosella is in reference to its sour taste. Wood-sorrel is a small plant that flowers between April and May. It has white flowers which droop down until the dappled sunlight reaches them, upon which the flowers tilt upwards. Each flower has 5 petals and tiny, purple veins. The leaves of Wood-sorrel are trefoil and fold down into a tent during the night, but flatten out again during the day. Wood-sorrel leaves (left) - © Phil Dowling & Wood-sorrel in flower (right) - © https://bit.ly/2FmzKIV Apparently, all parts of Wood-sorrel plants are edible, and the leaves (fresh or dried) are often used in alternative medicines. The leaves are said to have diuretic, antiscorbutic and refrigerant actions, and a decotion (an extract made by mashing, then boiling the plant) made from the pleasantly acidic leaves is used for high fevers, both to quench thirst and allay the fever itself. Although it may be consumed freely, excess consumption should be avoided as the oxalic salts are not suitable for all constitutions and may have unwanted effects. JNCC publication on "Coppiced Woodlands: their management for wildlife" English Nature "Ancient Woodland" Ancient Woodland Indicator Species Garlic Mustard Alliaria petiolata is a biennial plant in the mustard family (Brassicaceae). As it is biennial, it takes two years to complete its lifecycle. In its first year of growth, the plant grows slightly wrinkled leaves which are round in shape and smell like garlic when crushed. Flowering occurs in the second year of its lifecycle, and the plant produces white, cross-shaped flowers in a dense bunch at the top of the plant, which appear from April through to June. At a glance, Garlic Mustard plants resemble nettles, however they can be distinguished by their smooth, hairless leaves which are somewhat heart-shaped, as well as the terminal clusters of the small, white flowers. Garlic Mustard can grow up to 1m tall and are found in a variety of habitats, including wood margins, hedgerows, roadsides and shady places. It is a native species which is found throughout the UK, being very common in England and Wales. Garlic Mustard (Alliaria petiolata) in flower on the UEA campus - it is very common among the nettles in the shady, wooded areas. Garlic Mustard has a long history of use in food and medicine, being one of the oldest known spices used in cooking in Europe - archaeological evidence of its use in the Baltic dates back to 4100-3700 B.C.E. It is not really used in medicine any more, but was once used as a disinfectant or diuretic. Garlic Mustard has a variety of cooking uses, with the chopped leaves used to flavour salads and sauces, including pesto. The young leaves are preferable for this use as they provide a mild flavour of garlic and mustard; sometimes the flowers and fruits are used as well! In France, the seeds are also used, often to directly season food. In Europe, 69 species of herbivorous insects are associated with Garlic Mustard, as well as 7 species of fungus. These include various members of weevils (especially the genus Ceutorhynchus), leaf beetles (Chrysomelids), butterflies and moths (Lepidoptera). Garlic Mustard is even a food plant for the larvae of the Garden Carpet moth. Dendrocoelum lacteum Dendrocoelum lacteum is one of only 12 species of freshwater triclads found in Britain and Ireland. The Tricladia are named as such due to the three main branches of the alimentary canal. Tricladia are a sub-order of the Turbellaria which sits within the phylum Platyhelminthes. Turbellaria are a globally widespread group, with new species continuing to be described. They also occur in such large numbers in some lakes that they are considered a significant components of aquatic communities. Due to their dorso-ventral flattening, Triclads are commonly referred to as "flatworms". The adults range in size from approximately 8-15mm in length. All except one of the 12 British & Irish (B&I) species are normally found in the surface waters of lakes and streams, where they feed on a variety of prey species, including isopods (woodlice etc.), gastropods (snails and slugs) and oligochaetes (worms). Each species has its own realised niche though, which has evolved to allow coexistence. For example, D. lacteum feeds mostly on isopods, while Dugesia polychroa prefers snails and Polycelis nigra and Polycelis tenuis favour the oligochaetes. Illustrations of 11 of the 12 species of triclad that have been found in Britain & Ireland. Taken from "A key to the freshwater triclads of Britain & Ireland" by T.B. Reynoldson and J.O. Young. British freshwater triclads can be categorised into two groups: those that are found in lakes, and those that inhabit streams, however this distinction is not absolute. When they are found in lakes, triclads prefer sheltered, stony shores and are most abundant in shallow waters up to a depth of 30-35cm. On the continent, stream-favouring species are spatially separated downstream, with Crenobia alpina (and sometimes Phagocata vitta) found near the source, with Polycelis felina occurring further downstream, followed by Dugesia gonocephala (not recorded in B&I). A similar pattern of distribution can also be seen in Britain, with P. nigra inhabiting the lower reaches of streams and rivers, however C. alpina and P. felina can cause complications as both occur along the length of short streams (although there is often spatial separation related to stream gradient). P. nigra/tenuis (left) & D. lacteum (right) Triclads are interesting in terms of their reproduction, because different species reproduce either sexually, asexually (by fission & regeneration) or both! Asexual reproduction is though to have evolved secondarily in the Dugesiidae and Planariidae families, to allow reproduction even when food is limiting. Another interesting thing is that pseudogamic reproduction is common among several species. This is where sperm is necessary to stimulate egg development, but no male chromosomal material is incorporated into the egg nucleus! Of the lentic species (those living in still waters such as lakes), there are two main types of life histories: D. lacteum, Bdellocephala punctata and Planaria torva are 'annuals' that die after their spring breeding season, meanwhile P. nigra, P. tenuis, D. polychroa and D. lugubris don't die after breeding. The latter group exhibit iteroparity, breeding numerous times during their lifespan, while the former group exhibit semelparity, which is where they breed once and then die. No one really knows why these two life histories have evolved, but there are many different hypotheses, including a relation to their feeding strategies or a reduction in interspecific competition. Dendrocoelum lacteum showing the 2 'eyes' in the top left and the internal structures throughout. Specimen collected from the River Yare. According to the 2009-2011 Biodiversity Audit, 5 species of triclad have been recorded on the UEA campus. One of these is Dendrocoelum lacteum, a pale and fairly large species of freshwater triclad, and one that I recently found a specimen of in a still part of the River Yare. It is a lentic species which ranges between 14-25mm in length. In the UK, it is quite common and is most frequently found in productive lakes where the calcium concentration is at least 10mg per litre. D. lacteum predominantly feeds on Asellus isopods and the triclad's distribution is closely linked with that of its prey, providing D. lacteum with a "food refuge". In order to capture intact prey, D. lacteum moves faster than the Planariid species, and has a shallow anterior pseudo-sucker. Its distribution in Britain is mostly curtailed by interspecific competition and has not yet spread into northern Scotland or the western islands. "A Key to the Freshwater Triclads of Britain and Ireland with notes on their ecology" by T.B. Reynoldson and J.O. Young - https://bit.ly/2FcoUVV Lesser Celandine Lesser Celandine (Ficaria verna) is one of the first signs of spring, with flowers appearing in late February/March. It is often present in large colonies along woodland floors, with its distinctive heart-shaped leaves forming a lush green carpet, punctuated with its bright yellow flowers. The flowers are between 2-4cm in diameter and have 3 sepals and between 7-12 petals. Lesser Celandine is plant characteristic of woodlands, and is often used as an Ancient Woodland Indicator species. However some caution must be used, as it can also be found in hedgerows, damp pastures and river/stream sides. A atch of Lesser Celandine (Ficaria verna) growing in the woods near the Broad on the UEA campus. There are many different subspecies of Lesser Celandine, however Ficaria verna sensu lato is native to central Europe, north Africa and Caucasus. It is not native to North America, though it has been introduced to many parts and is now considered as an invasive species. As with Marsh-marigold, and all other species in the Ranunculaceae family, Lesser Celandine contains a compound called ranunculin, which turns into the toxin protoanemonin when the plant is wounded. Contact with damaged/crushed Ficaria leaves can cause itching, rashes or blistering and ingesting the toxin can cause nausea, vomiting, dizziness or paralysis. Due to its potential toxicity and its proliferation, Lesser Celandine has been banned or listed as a noxious weed in several US states. It is actually possible to neutralise the toxicity of Lesser Celandine, and there are a few different methods that can be used. Simply drying out the plant is effective as the protoanemonin changes to the non-toxic anemonin, which is further broken down into non-toxic dicarboxylic acids. Cooking the plants also eliminates the toxicity, and after cooking or drying the plant can be incorporated into food or herbal medicines... Lesser Celandine has long been used by herbalists as a treatment for haemorrhoids, by applying an ointment of raw leaves as a cream to the affected area. Luckily most modern guides point out that medicines should be made from the dried herb or by heat extraction due to the toxicity of raw or untreated plant or leaf extracts. Cuckooflower Cuckooflower (Cardamine pratensis), also known as Lady's-smock due to its emergence around Lady's day, is an unbranched perennial (lasts for 2+ years) that can grow up to 60cm tall. It is incredibly variable and its flowers can be any shade of white, yellow, pink or purple. The flowers themselves are 12-18mm across, with each of the 4 petals being about 3x as long as the sepals. There are two types of leaves, with the basal leaves being pinnate and forming a rosette, with the terminal (end) leaflet being larger than the lateral leaflets. The leaves on the upper part of the stem are all narrow (as can be seen in the photo below). The upper stem leaves of Cuckooflower (Cardamine pratensis) C. pratensis is a common, native species, which is widespread throughout the UK and all of Europe (except the Mediterranean). It is not overly picky in its preferred habitats, and as such, can be found up to 1080m in damp grasslands, marshes, roadsides, hedgerows and stream sides. The flowering season of Cuckooflower is between April and June and it gets its common name because the emergence of the flowers often coincides with the spring arrival of the first Cuckoos in the UK. The lilac coloured flowers of Cuckooflower (Cardamine pratensis) There are many wive's tales associated with the Cuckooflower in different countries. Legend has it that the plant is sacred to fairies and anyone who took them indoors would be hit with bad luck. In Germany, it was believed that anyone who picked the Cuckooflowers would be struck by lightning and in France, the Cuckooflower was thought to be the Adder's favourite and so if you picked them, you would get bitten by an Adder before the following May. Many species of pollinating insects are attracted to Cuckooflowers, and it is one of the food plants for the Orange Tip butterfly (Anthocharis cardamines). There is some historic medicinal use of Cuckooflower, whereby it is said to be slightly excitant and anti-scorbutic as well as sometimes being used as a diuretic. However, by 1900, the use of Cuckooflower in herbal medicine had greatly declined, except that an infusion was taken to aid digestion. Modern day uses of Cuckooflower mainly revolve around dried samples being used in infusions or as a compress to help treat rheumatic pains. The young leaves, young stems and flowers are all edible and are often included in salads as they are said to taste like watercress. Dark-edged Bee-fly In Britain, there are only four species of Bee-fly in the genus Bombylius. These are: B. canescens, B. minor, B. discolor and B. major. Of these 4, B. canescens and B. minor are the rarest, with the former mainly confined to the open, flowery habitats of south-west England and south Wales, and the latter only recorded in Dorset and the Isle of Man in recent times. B. discolor is more common than the previous pair, however it is still largely confined to southern England and the south Wales coast, though records from Warwickshire indicate that it is spreading north. Bombylius major is the most common of the 4 British Bombylius species and is easily distinguished from the others by the solid dark band on the leading edge on the wings. This feature has also inspired its imaginative name of the 'Dark-edged Bee-fly'. Its distribution covers practically all of England and Wales, and the some parts of Scotland. It is also the only species of Bombylius found on the UEA campus. Bombylius major distribution map © NBN Atlas Bee-flies are named as such because they are flies which mimic and parasitise bees. They are fairly large for a fly, with the body length of B. major measuring 6-12.5mm (not including the extended proboscis). Bombylius species generally inhabit open areas, such as gardens, grasslands and open woodland clearings, although the Western and Heath Bee-flies (B. canescens and B. minor) require more specialist habitats. Dark-edged Bee-fly (Bombylius major) at rest on the UEA campus, showing off its ridiculously long proboscis! Bombylius species have a very interesting life cycle as they lag their eggs in the nests of solitary mining bees. The bees species that they parasitise varies between bee-flies. Andrena species of bee are the main hosts of B. major and B. discolor, with the latter particularly favouring Andrena flavipes and Andrena cineraria. B. canescens favour the Lasioglossum and Halictus species, while B. minor chooses species of Colletes mining bees. In order to parasitise their chosen species, the adult female bee-flies collect sand or dust at the tip of their abdomen and use it to coat their eggs. It is thought that they do this in order to camouflage them and to make the eggs heavier. Increasing the weight of the eggs makes the next stage easier, whereby the female locates a nest entrance of the chosen mining bee, hovers above the hole, and proceeds to flick her eggs into the burrow - the additional weight on the eggs makes this task marginally easier to accomplish! Once the bee-fly's larva hatch, it crawls further down into the burrow and wait until the host bee's own larvae are almost full-sized. It's at this point that the bee-fly larva attacks the bee larva, feeding on its bodily fluids and eventually killing it. Obviously this behaviour is bad news for the bees, however bees and bee-flies have coexisted for millennia, with no evidence that bee-flies cause declines in their host bee populations. Here is an incredible video showing a female B. major flicking her eggs into the nest of her host bee species: Dipterists Forum ID to the 4 British Bombylius species The Water Vole Arvicola amphibius is a small, semiaquatic mammal which is found throughout most of Europe, Russia, West Asia and Kazakhstan. They are much bigger than the other UK voles, and are distinguished from Brown Rats by their slightly smaller size, chestnut-brown fur, rounded nose, fluffy tail and small, rounded ears that don't protrude from the fur. Their brownish colouring helps them to blend in with their environment. In the UK, Water Voles live in burrows that are generally excavated along the banks of slow moving and calm rivers, streams and ditches. Their burrows have many floor levels within, in order to prevent flooding, as well as nesting chambers and a food store for the winter months. If no suitable banks are available, then they can also live above ground in reed beds where they will weave ball-shaped nests. Water Voles generally prefer lush riparian vegetation as it provides them with cover when they are on the river banks. Water Voles are herbivorous, mainly eating grass and other riverside vegetation. They often sit in the same spots too, so little piles of nibbled grass and stems can build up on the river's edges. Due to the way Water Voles eat, the nibbled grasses and stems always show a distinctive 45° angled-cut at the ends. Rubbish photo of a very cool species! A typical Water Vole is approximately 20cm long, plus a tail of around 11cm, although their weights can vary a lot, from 80-180g. Apparently, the minimum weight needed to survive each winter is 112g for females and 115g for males, and on average, Water Voles only live for 1.5 years. Water Voles are the UK's fastest declining mammal, suffering catastrophic declines during the 20th century. During the 1940s and 1950s, agricultural intensification caused widespread loss and degradation of habitat, but the major cause of the Water Vole's decline was the release of hundreds of American Mink from fur farms in the 1980s and 1990s. The usual defence mechanisms of Water Voles include diving under water and kicking up a screen of dirt or running into their burrows, however these techniques are insufficient to escape mink. Between 1989 and 1998, the Water Vole population fell by almost 90%, and currently stands at around 875,000. Due to their extreme declines over the last few decades, Water Voles are protected under section 9 of the Wildlife & Countryside Act 1981, and are also classed as a UK Biodiversity Action Plan (BAP) species. Numerous re-introduction projects have been undertaken around the UK, with most proving successful and Water Voles have now returned to every county in England. We are lucky to have Water Vole living on the UEA campus, along the River Yare, and seeing one brightens up every walk! Here is a great little video from the Wildlife Trust on the characteristics and ecology of Water Voles: Head to any coastal mudflats in the winter, and you are likely to see a whole host of wading birds, including Dunlin (Calidris alpina), Turnstone (Arenaria interpres), Sanderling (Calidris alba) and Knot (Calidris canutus). Dunlins are the most common of these winter waders and often feed in flocks, so where there's one, there's usually a whole lot more somewhere nearby! Dunlins are small wading birds that have a slightly decurved black bill, black legs and a short primary projection. Their wingspans range between 33-40cm and they weigh around 49g. As with most waders, Dunlins moult between their two plumages, a brighter, more colourful one for the breeding season, when they need to look their best, and a fairly dull, grey-brown one for the winter, when looks aren't so important. Using a combination of sight and touch, they feed on a variety of invertebrates, including insects, molluscs and oligochaete worms. © https://adventuresinmothland.wordpress.com/2013/05/28/evil-scud/ Dunlin (Calidris alpina) in breeding plumage. There are currently 10 subspecies of Dunlin that are officially recognised, however the taxonomy surrounding this species is very complex and often changing. Of the 10 official subspecies, 3 have been recorded in Britain: schinzii, alpina and arctica. The schinzii subspecies of Dunlin breed in the UK, with around 9,600 breeding pairs and winter in west Africa, while the arctica subspecies are birds that breed in Greenland and pass through the UK in autumn in small numbers. The C. a. alpina subspecies breeds across Siberia, all the way to northern Scandinavia and account for pretty much all of the Dunlins that winter in the UK. At the end of February, the UK was struck by the 'Beast from the East', or as most of Northern Europe calls it, winter. This resulted in about a week of sub-zero temperatures and heavy snow here in East Anglia. The freezing conditions and snow cover caused many problems for wildlife, with many reports of dead birds across the country and East Anglian region. Waders were particularly vulnerable as they rely on being able to probe muddy areas to find food, however since the conditions caused widespread freezing, they weren't able to access their usual food resources for a prolonged period of time, leading to starvation. Bowthorpe Marsh looking like a frozen wasteland During the cold spell, some of my Ecology course mates and I tried to venture out as often as we could to do some proper winter birding. On 3rd March all our lectures were cancelled, so we made the most of it and spent all day out birding around Earlham, Colney, Bowthorpe and Threescore. During our travels we came across a pair of Lapwings, including this unfortunate individual, which had a large ball of ice stuck to its tail, preventing it from flying. We dutifully broke up the ice ball and then warmed it up for a few minutes, before releasing it to join its mate on the river. It was very bizarre to see, but I suppose it may have roosted on the edge of an unfrozen puddle, which froze overnight or something... I guess we'll never know. Lapwing (Vanellus vanellus) with a large ball of ice attached to its tail. Anyway, back to the topic of this post, the Dunlin. A few days prior to the Lapwing encounter, a few of us had headed out birding along the River Yare when we spotted a Dunlin at the water's edge. Dunlins are a decent bird for the UEA recording area, especially when they're on the ground like this one. It was nice to see, even if it did look a bit sorry for itself in the freezing conditions. Before we carried on our walk, someone made a joke about the Magpies that were loitering around... so to skip to the end, as we returned from our wanderings later that day, we decided to head back along the Yare to see if the Dunlin was still moping about. It was. Dunlin (Calidris alpina) looking a bit sorry for itself, shortly before it got taken by a Magpie. However, a few seconds after we arrived, a Kestrel appeared out of nowhere and swooped down at the Dunlin, but didn't try to catch it. Unfortunately, a Magpie must have clocked what happened and made a beeline straight for the Dunlin, picking it up with very little struggle and carrying it off into the woods, where the commotion of many other Magpies could be heard. A sad end to a nice day's birding, although perhaps a fairly swift death from a Magpie's bill was a kinder end than potential starvation for the Dunlin... A few days later, once the snow had melted and the ground had (mostly) thawed, another Dunlin rocked up on Earlham Marsh, where we enjoyed nice views of this more perky looking bird and the other UEA birders managed to see it as well. Dunlin (Calidris alpina) looking a lot less moribund! Further reading that may be of interest: General info (HBW): https://www.hbw.com/species/dunlin-calidris-alpina Detailed conservation, breeding and biometric information (BTO): https://app.bto.org/birdfacts/results/bob5120.htm Dunlin migrations (RSPB): https://bit.ly/2HXe8pa Amphibians are cold-blooded animals that enter a state of semi-dormancy, similar to hibernation, during the cold, winter months in order to survive. It is called brumation, and they brumate in burrows, crevices and under logs where it is dark and damp. There are 7 species of amphibian in the UK: 2 frogs, 2 toads and 3 newts. The rarest of them all is the Pool Frog Rana lessonae, which is only found at a few secret sites following reintroduction programmes. Adult Smooth Newt Lissotriton vulgaris that was found wandering around between some of the UEA student accommodation. Of the 3 newt species, the Smooth (Common) Newt Lissotriton vulgaris is the most widespread and common. It is much smaller than the Great Crested Newt Triturus cristatus, but is very similar to the Palmate Newt Lissotriton helveticus. In order to distinguish between Smooth and Palmate Newts, you have to look at the underside, as both sexes of Smooth Newt have white throats with dark spots, whereas Palmate Newts have unspotted pinkish throats. The males of all 3 newt species develop a wavy crest on their backs during the breeding season, however it is very low and smooth in Palmate Newts and much more developed in Smooth Newts. Adult Smooth Newt found wandering around the UEA campus - returned to an area with lots of fallen and dead wood for it to brumate (hibernate) under. The reproductive strategies of the Smooth Newt are similar to those in the better known Common Frog Rana temporaria. The male Smooth Newts display to the females by vibrating their tails in a particular fashion and when she indicates that she is ready to mate, the male deposits a capsule containing his sperm in front of the female so she can pick it up with her cloaca. The female will lay her fertilised eggs individually, wrapping each one in an aquatic plant. A single female can lay 7-12 eggs per day and may produced 400 eggs in one season. Immature Smooth Newt found brumating (hibernating) underneath some deadwood in NE Hampshire After about 2 weeks, the eggs hatch into larval form, first feeding off the nutritious contents of the yolk sac, before beginning to eat freshwater plankton, insect larvae and molluscs. Unlike frogs and toads, newts are carnivorous throughout their lives. The juvenile newts develop into smaller versions of the adults and leave the water after ~10 weeks. Smooth Newts take around 3 years to become sexually mature, and have an average lifespan of 6 years. Most adult and juvenile newts brumate over winter, emerging in the spring. Marchantia polymorpha subsp. ruderalis Liverworts are non-vascular plants which, along with the mosses and hornworts, make up the bryophyte group. Of the different bryophytes, there are 763 species of moss, ~300 species of liverwort and just four species of hornwort in Britain and Ireland. Liverworts are split into two main groups based on their structure: leafy liverworts, which have leaves and a stem, and thallose liverworts, which don't have leaves or a distinct stem, but have flattened, lobed, leaf-like bodies called thalli. Hornworts are superficially very similar to the thallose liverworts, and are often regarded as 'honorary liverworts', however they differ slightly to liverworts in their reproductive methods and structures, whereby asexual reproduction occurs primarily via fragmentation as lobes separate off from the main part of the thallus. In hornwort sexual reproduction, archegonia (female part) and antheridia (male part) are produced in rows just beneath the upper surfaces of the gametophytes and the sporophytes grow into long, horn-like structures, with the sporangium located at the tip. These sporophyte 'horns' are very long lived (unlike liverwort sporophytes) and can grow quite long. Hornworts are also distinguished from liverworts by the presence of stomata and cuticle, which is also seen in the mosses. The hornwort Anthoceros agrestis © Štephán Koval (2010) - https://bit.ly/2r7UuzU In liverworts and hornworts, reproduction occurs via the alternation of generations where the gametophyte stage is dominant (unlike other plants such as clubmosses and ferns which have dominant sporophyte stages) reproduction can occur sexually or asexually. The way in which liverworts reproduce also depends on whether they are leafy or thallose. The sexual reproduction of liverworts occurs predominantly during the winter months when conditions are wetter. This is because their spore dispersal is water dependent. Leafy liverworts always have two rows of partially overlapping 'leaves' which don't have midribs, but do often have folds and lobes (unlike the 'leaves' of mosses). Rhizoids are present on the underneath of some underleaves, which help anchor the plants. The male and female reproductive structures (archegonia and antheridia) of leafy liverworts are inconspicuous, and are produced in cup-like structures made out of some modified leaves on separate plant bodies. At maturity, the sporophyte capsule is pushed out from among the leaves as the seta (stalk) elongates. Sporophyte development in leafy liverworts. Illustration © Mosses & Liverworts of Britain & Ireland/British Bryological Society Some of the best-known species of thallose liverworts are in the Marchantia genus. Asexual reproduction in thallose liverworts occurs via a rather cool system, in which structures called gemma cups form on the top of the liverwort gametophyte (thallus). These gemma cups colonially produce identical 'leaflets' (gemmae) within them, which are then dispersed into the wider environment via rain splashes - raindrops may splash the gemmae up to 1m away! While the gemmae are in the gemma cups, lunularic acid inhibits their further development, but each gemma remains capable of growing into a new thallus as soon as it leaves the cup. Asexual and sexual reproduction in thallose liverworts (© Plant and Microbe Diversity by Harriet Jones and Anthony Davey) In the sexual reproduction of thallose liverworts, there are two types of gametophores (umbrella-like structures on stalks which arise from the thallus): the antheridiophore (male gametophore) and the archegoniophore (female gametophore). The two gametophores are shaped differently, with the male 'umbrellas' being disc shaped and the female receptacles shaped like miniature palm trees. Reproductive structures of thallose liverworts. Fertilisation causes the development of sporophytes anchored to the underside of the archegoniophores. Meiosis occurs in certain cells within the sporophyte, creating haploid spores, but the rest of the cells do not undergo meiosis, instead remaining diploid and developing into long, pointed elaters with spiral thickenings. The elaters are hygroscopic and therefore change shape in the presence of water. This causes the elaters of Marchantia to rapidly twist and untwist, causing the spores to be shaken out of the sporophyte, ready to be dispersed by water. Marchantia polymorpha is a large, thallose liverwort that is widely distributed around the world, and is also found on the UEA campus. It is very variable in appearance and has several subspecies, 3 of which are found in Britain and Ireland. The subspecies I found at UEA is Marchantia polymorpha subsp. ruderalis (aka the Common Liverwort). As with all liverworts, M. p. ruderalis has a horizontal growth structure and no vascular network to transport water or nutrients, instead relying on its large surface area and preference for damp conditions. Due to the changeability of environmental conditions, liverworts are well adapted to tolerate desiccation; their flat structure maximises photosynthetic abilities and they minimise water loss by only having pores (for respiration and photosynthesis) on their upper side. Marchantia polymorpha subsp. ruderalis with numerous gemma cups present on the upper-side of thallus. Found on the UEA campus 03/02/18. Black Snail Beetle Silpha atrata, also known as the Black Snail Beetle, is a member of the Silphidae family. The Silphidae comprise 21 species of large (9-30mm), distinctive species, which are mostly associated with carrion. There are exceptions to this however, with both Aclypea species being herbivores, Dendroxena quadrimaculata is an arboreal predator of caterpillars, and Silpha atrata itself is a predator of snails, hence its common name. There are a number of distinctive characteristics that separate the Silphids from other beetle families, including a head that is often much narrower than the pronotum, very robust mandibles that are often pronounced forward, generally well developed and prominent eyes, antennae with 11 segments and robust legs which often have outwardly facing spines on the tibia (not present in Necrodes) and well-developed claws. Silpha atrata found under deadwood on UEA campus. Silpha atrata is one of the smaller members of the Silphidae family, measuring 10-15mm in length. Individuals of this species can vary greatly from completely black to almost red in colour, and extremes of both colours along with intermediates are all common and are often found together. S. atrata is widely distributed throughout the UK, and is abundant in a range of habitats, including woodland, meadows and gardens. Both the adults and larvae feed on pulmonate snails and earthworms. In order to capture their prey, the adults inflict the unfortunate snails with a poisonous bite which causes the snail to withdraw into its shell and fill the entrance with a thick fluid. The beetle then eats its way through the fluid, with some assistance from a secretion that helps dissolve the fluid and the snail tissue. S. atrata has a long, extendable neck which comes in very handy for this particular feeding behaviour. S. atrata is rather odd in its behaviour as you generally expect beetles to be inconspicuous during the cold, winter months and more noticeable during the summer, however S. atrata don't follow this train of thought; they are active under logs and beneath the bark of fallen or standing deciduous trees from October, usually in very damp conditions. In January and February they can be found in large numbers, and may be seen out in the open during the first warm days of March but after April or May, they are seldom seen, probably due to their preference for dark, damp conditions. Three individuals of S. atrata plus one Woodlouse sp. Found in deadwood on UEA campus. Watford Coleoptera Group: Silphidae UK Beetle Recording Silphidae recording scheme and ID keys Holly Leaf-miner Leaf mines are mainly caused by species of Lepidoptera (moths), Diptera (flies), Hymenoptera (sawflies, bees, wasps & ants), and a few Coleoptera (beetles), whose larvae feed within the leaves of plants. As the larvae feed and grow, they move throughout the leaves, creating mines. The mines created by these species are often very distinctive and, coupled with the fact that leaf-mining species tend to be restricted to a certain range of host plants, it is often possible to identify mines to an individual species. The first step in working out a miner's identity is correctly identifying the host plant. Doing this normally narrows down the possibilities quite a bit and then you can identify which type of insect (order) the miner is from: Lepidoptera normally make full depth galleries or blotches with single lines of frass (droppings). Diptera mines are either lower- or upper-surface (or a mix of both), their larvae are maggots and they characteristically make twin trails of frass. Hymenoptera mines are blotches rather than galleries and characteristically have extensive amounts of dark frass (compared to diptera mines). The larvae of Hymenoptera also have visible legs. Phytomyza ilicis is a species of fly (diptera) whose larvae mine the leaves of Holly (Ilex aquifolium). P. ilicis is incredibly common and is the only species to mine Holly in Britain, making it very easy to spot and identify! It is abundant on the UEA campus, with P. ilicis mines visible on just about every Holly bush you come across. Phytomyza ilicis leaf mine on holly The appearance of Snowdrops (Galanthus nivalis) in January is one of the first signs that Spring is just around the corner. Snowdrops are a perennial flower in the Alliaceae family, alongside the garlics and daffodils. They can grow up to 25cm tall and are found in a range of habitats, including damp woodlands, hedge banks, churchyards. Although many people think of Snowdrops as a native wildflower, it is now believed that they were in fact introduced to Britain in the early sixteenth century. Snowdrops are pretty neat little things and have a surprising range of uses too, including agricultural and medicinal applications... Snowdrop lectin (carbohydrate-binding proteins) is an effective insecticide against species of Coleoptera (beetles), Lepidoptera (butterflies and moths) and Hemiptera (true bugs), and some research has suggested that introducing Snowdrop lectin to genetically-modified crops may increase the resistance of GM crops to insect pests. Snowdrop lectin is also being investigated due to its potential activity against HIV. Galanthamine is an alkaloid found in Snowdrops which has been approved for use in a number of countries for assisting with the management of Alzheimer's disease, as well as being used in the treatment of traumatic injuries to the nervous system. These delightful little plants are fairly numerous around the UEA campus, and are especially abundant underneath the conifers near the Sainsbury Centre. Some of the Snowdrops (Galanthus nivalis) near the UEA Sainsbury Centre My first pelagic! 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__label__cc	0.55078	0.44922	1462. Adams, Francis Wayland. S. of Daniel E. and Lucy (Hastings), b. Brookfield, F. 18, 1840. M. A., A. C., 1865; M. D., Harvard, 1868. Delta Kappa Epsilon. Prepared Brookfield. 1st Lieut, 51st Mass. Vols., 1862-63; prin. Lawrence Acad., Falmouth, 1863-65; studied med. with Dr. J. S. Butler, Hartford, Conn. and at Harvard Med. School; asst. physician Insane Retreat, Hartford, Conn., 1868-69; practised Royalston, 1869-71; Fishkill-on-the-Hudson, N. Y., 1871-75; Royalston, 1875-. Member Mass. Legislature, 1883. Married Je. 26, 1872, Fannie R., da. of Chauncey Chase, Royalston. Ch. Mabel W. (Burr); Robert W. Address, Royalston. 1463. Allen, Rowland Hussey. S. of Cyrus Williams and Mary (Folger), b. Norton, Aug. 13, 1840. Phi Beta Kappa; Psi Upsilon. Prepared Phillips Acad., Andover. Andover T. S., 1862-65; ordained Canton, N. 1, 1865; p. there, 1865-67; w. c. Chelsea, 1867-70; p. Neponset Ch., Boston, 1870-72. Author Tragedies in Prose; est. and ed. The Boston Pulpit. D. S. 12, 1872. Married Ap. 18, 1866, Willianna, da. of W. P. Brooks, Chelsea. 1 ch. Bro. Laban W. (A. C. 1866). 1464. Allen, Washington Irving. S. of Carlos and Arville (Browning), b. Richmond, Vt., S. 22, 1839. Alpha Delta Phi. Prepared Liberal Institute, So. Woodstock, Vt.; A. C., 1858-61; B. A., 1869. 1st Lieut. 31st Mass. Vols., 1861-62; Capt., 1862-64; Major, 1864-65; Lieut. Col. 1865; with Bond & Howell purchased cotton plantation, Hayneville, Ala., 1866; with a banking co., Chetopa, Kans.; foreman nurseries of Maxwell Bros., Geneva, N. Y., 1869-72; florist Vernon, N. J., 1872-80; manager Stormont Silver Mining Co., Silver Reef, Utah, 1880-93; planter Jensen, Fla., 1893-94; r. Newton, N. J., 1907-18. D. Newton, N. J., Mch. 17, 1918. 1465. Biggar, David Irvine. S. of James and Janet (Murray), b. Huntindon, Que., Jan. 8, 1835. Prepared Burr Sem., Manchester, Vt. Auburn T. S., 1862-65; licentiate Norwich Corners, N. Y., 1865-67; ordained Vernon, N. Y., 1867; p. there, 1867-77; s. s. Presb. Ch., Camillus, N. Y., 1878-85; p. Owarco, N. Y., 1885-90; Vernon Centre, N. Y., 1890-1900; Middlefield Centre, N. Y., 1901-08. D. Litchfield, N. Y., D. 23, 1910. Married Jy. 18, 1867, Mary E., da. of Henry Wood, Norwich Corners, N. Y. 4 ch. 1466. Binney, William Johnson. S. of Horace and Eliza F. (Johnson), b. Philadelphia, Penn., F. 5, 1842. LL. B., Columbia, 1867. Phi Beta Kappa. Prepared Acad. of the Episcopal Ch., Philadelphia, Penn.; A. C., 1859-62. Columbia L. S., N. Y.; admitted to bar, N. Y. City, Je., 1867; practised there, 1867-70; Philadelphia, 1870-76; r. chiefly in Europe, studying foreign languages, 1877-1906; r. Media, Penn., 1907-08. D. Media, Penn., D. 27, 1908. Bro. Horace (A. C. 1860). 1467. Biscoe, Arthur Gardner. S. of Rev. Thomas Curtis (A. C. 1831) and Ellen (Lord), b. Grafton, May 26, 1842. Delta Kappa Epsilon. Prepared Grafton H. S. Priv. 51st Mass. Vols., 1862-63; Studied law with William F. Slocum, Grafton, 1863-64; admitted to bar, Je. 13, 1864; practised Westboro, 1864-79. Member Mass. Legislature, 1871. D. Lynn, Aug. 28, 1879. Married Ap. 16, 1867, Helen Maria, da. of Abraham M. Bigelow, Grafton. 2 ch. Bro. George S. (A. C. 1857); Thomas D. (A. C. 1863); John F. (A. C. 1874); Walter S. (A. C. 1874). 1468. Brown, Joseph Willard. S. of Joseph and Mary (Porter), b. Abington, May 21, 1839. M. A., A. C., 1871. Psi Upsilon. Prepared Phillips Acad., Andover; A. C., 1858-59; B. A., 1889. Taught Abington, 1859-61; Co. K, 7th Mass. Vols., 1861-64; 2nd Lieut. Signal Corps, U. S. A., 1864-65; chief signal officer on staff of Gen P. E. Connor, 1865; in grocery business, Abington, 1865-68; taught Derby Acad., Hingham, 1868-70; Milton H. S. and Hyde Park H. S., 1870-74; submaster Emerson School, E. Boston, 1874-90; master, 1890-1910. Organizer and 1st president U. S. Veteran Signal Corps Assoc., 1867. Author The Signal Corps in the War of the Rebellion. D. Stoneham, D. 7, 1910. Married Je. 11, 1861, Lucia E., da. of Matthew Reed, Abington, who d. Ap. 10, 1889. 6 ch. 1469. Bryant, Albert. S. of Lucien and Charlotte (Peirce), b. Troy, N. H., Jan. 30, 1838. Prepared Royalston H. S., Kimball Union (N. H.) and Phillips (Andover) Acads. Princeton T. S., 1862-64; Andover T. S., 1864-65; ordained, S. 20, 1865; miss'y of A. B. C. F. M., Sivas, Turkey, 1865-68; a. p. Cambridge, 1880-81; Lead City, So. Dak., 1881-82; agent for Spearfish Acad. (Dakota Coll.), 1882-83; president bd. of trustees, some time; a. p. Central Ch. Worcester, 1883; supt. City Miss'y Soc., 8 yrs.; p. Belmont Ch., Worcester, 2 yrs.; a. p. Bethany Ch., Quincy, 6 mos.; Scituate, 1900-04. Author ode sung at inauguration of Dr. J. H. Seelye. D. Scituate, S. 20, 1904. Married (1) S. 20, 1865, Mary E., da. of Rev. Charles T. Torrey, Salem, who d. Ap. 6, 1897; (2) Jy. 4, 1898, Anna F., da. of John C. Burnham, Providence R. I. 7 ch. Seelye (A. C. 1887); Emmons (A. C. 1895). 1470. Clark, Frank Gray. S. of James L. and Hannah (Baldwin), b. Lyndboro, N. H., F. 22, 1832. M. A., A. C., 1865. Prepared Appleton Acad., Mt. Vernon, N. H. Prin. Francestown (N. H.) H. S., 1862-67; served with Christian commission, 1864; Andover T. S., 1867-69; ordained Francestown, N. H., S. 2, 1869; city miss'y Manchester, N. H., 1869-73; p. Cong. Ch. Rindge, N. H., 1873-79; Gloucester, 1879-88; Arlington, 1889; Plymouth, N. H., 1890-1904; r. Wellesley, 1904-09. D. Wellesley, May 20, 1909. Married Aug. 11, 1864, Charlotte, da. of Samuel Med. Coll., Coy, Peterboro, N. H.. 1 adopted ch. 1471. Clifford, Joseph Clark. S. of Oliver and Elizabeth (Mason), b. E. Medway, S. 10, 1839. M. A., A. C., 1872. Prepared Thetford (Vt.) Acad. Sergt. 42d Mass. Vols., 1862; 2nd Lieut., 1862-63; taught Boscawen and Salisbury, N. H., 1863-64; 1st Lieut. 5th N. H. Heavy Artillery, 1864; acting aid-de-camp to Gen. Haskin in Dept. of Washington, 1864-65; 2nd Lieut., Ordnance Dept., U. S. A., 1865-74; 1st Lieut., 1874; Capt. 1875-; stationed at St. Louis, Mo., Benicia, Cal., Rock Island, Ill., W. Troy, N. Y., Philadelphia, Penn., Springfield, 1865-75. D. Cromwell, Conn., N. 12, 1890. Married S. 10, 1862, Mary E., da. of Rev. U. W. Condit, Easton, Penn. 2 ch. 1472. Coggeshall, Oliver Worth. S. of Tristram and Millicent (Newby), b. Carthage, Ind., O. 9, 1834. Prepared Carthage (Ind.) H. S.; Earlham Coll., Ind., 1858-61; A. C., 1862; B. S. Taught, 1862-66; agent Northwestern Mutual Life Insurance Co., Richmond, Ind., 1866-1915. D. Ware, S. 30, 1915. Married (1) Aug. 13, 1863, Anna M., da. of Wharton Lyman, Centreville, Ind., who d. S. 29, 1895; (2) May 30, 1899, Mrs. Ellen F. Bond, da. of J. Austin Cummings, Ware. Ch. Guy R.; Nove A. (Henlein); Clarence D.; Eva M. (Barton); Ralph O.; Stacia A. (McCoy). 1473. Dean, Benjamin Angier. S. of Lyman W. and Maryette (Ingraham), b. Attleboro, D. 29, 1837. Prepared Attleboro and Middleboro H. S.; B. A., 1863. Insane since graduation; skilful carpenter, Attleboro. D. Attleboro, D. 22, 1904. 1474. Dean, Frank. S. of Lyman W. and Maryette (Ingraham), b. Attleboro, D. 29, 1837. Prepared Attleboro and Middleboro H. S.; B. A., 1863. Insane since graduation; skillful carpenter, Attleboro. D. Attleboro, D. 22, 1904. 1475. DeRiemer, William Edward. S. of Jacob R. and Sarah M. (Dederer), b. Springfield, Ill., May 5, 1839. M. A., A. C., 1873. Lawrence U., 1857-60; A. C., 1860-62. Taught in West, 1862-64; Chicago T. S., 1864-67; ordained, Ap. 18, 1867; s. s. St. Charles, Ill., 1867; miss'y of A. B. C. F. M., Ceylon, 1869-78; miss'y of A. H. M. S., Flushing, N. Y., 1878-79; Ashland, Wis., 1879-80; Union Grove, Wis., 1881-92; p. Denmark and New Hampton Mills, Ia. and Chenoa and Somonauk, Ill., 1892-99; with Smithsonian Institution in connection with expositions at Omaha, Buffalo, Charleston, St. Louis and Portland, 1899-1907; regular employee, F. 5, 1907-18. Reduced native Ceylon music to notation, copies of which work are in London and Paris museums. D. Washington, D. C., N. 18, 1918. Married S. 1, 1868, Emily F., da. of Rev. C. K. True, Newton Upper Falls. Ch. Wallace T. (d.); Alice (d.); Louise H.; Albert E.; Grace H.; Arthur D. 1476. Dickinson, Marquis Fayette. S. of Marquis Fayette and Hannah S. (Williams), b. Amherst, Jan. 16, 1840. M. A., A. C., 1875. Phi Beta Kappa; Psi Upsilon. Prepared Amherst Acad. and Williston Sem. Taught Williston Sem., 1862-65; Harvard L. S., 1865-66; admitted to bar, Boston, 1866; practised there, 1866-1911; partner law firm, Hillard, Hyde & Dickinson, later Hyde, Dickinson & Howe, 1869-; r. Amherst, 1911-15. 1st Asst. U. S. District Attorney, Boston, in office of George S. Hillard, 1869-71; director West End Street Railway Co., Boston; Metropolitan Steaamship Co.; member Boston School Bd., 1869, 1872; trustee Boston Public Library, 1871; Williston Sem., 1872; overseer Charity Fund A. C., 1877-; trustee Mass. Homoeopathic Hospital, Boston; M. A. C.; member Boston Common Council, 1871-72; vice-president Amer. Bar Assoc. Author Legislation on the Hours of Labor. D. No. Amherst, S. 18, 1915. Married N. 23, 1864, Cecilia R., da. of Henry Risk, England, and adoped da. of. Samuel Williston, Easthampton, who d. Aug. 16, 1904. Ch. Florence W. (d.); Williston (d.); Charles. 1477. Ebersole, Ezra Christian. S. of Jacob and Catharine (Keister), b. Mt. Pleasant, Penn., O. 18, 1840. M. A., A. C., 1874; LL. D. , Western Coll., Ia., 1894. Prepared Mt. Pleasant Coll.; Otterbein U., O.; A. C., 1861-62. Taught Tarrytown, N. Y.; priv. Penn. Cavalry home miss'y Guards, 1863; sergt., 44th Regt. Ia. Inf., Davenport, Ia., 1864; prof. of mathematics and natural sciences, Western Coll., Ia., 1863-65; prin. acad. Fort Madison, Ia., 1865-66; acting president Western Coll., Ia., 1867-68; asst. prof. of Latin and Greek, Ia. State U. and prin. Prep. Dept., 1868-70; studied law Iowa City, Ia., 1870-71; Adele, Ia., 1871-72; admitted to bar, Iowa City, Ia., 1870; practised Toledo, Ia., 1873-83; prin. Cedar Rapids (Ia.) H. S., 1872-73; reporter of Supreme Court, 1883-91; prepared Encyclopedia of Iowa Law, 1886-1900. Pub. 22 vols. of decisions of Supreme court. D. Toledo, Ia., Jy. 14, 1819. Married (1) S. 21, 1865, Frances E., da. of Daniel Spencer, Cedar Rapids, Ia.; (2) Jy. 10, 1895, Emma, da. of Peter D. Smith, Toledo, Ia. 1 adopted ch. Maud V. 1478. Fairbanks, Francis Joel. S. of Emory and Eunice (Hayward), b. Ashburnham, S. 8, 1835. Alpha Delta Phi. Prepared Mt. Hollis Sem., Holliston; A. C., 1859-62. Princeton T. S., 1862-63; Union T. S., 1863-64; ordained Westminster, Vt., Aug. 31, 1864; p. there, 1864-71; a. p. Ayer, 1872-74; Paxton, 1874-77; W. boylston, 1877-; p. 1st Ch., Royalston, 1895-1911; 2nd Ch. there, 1911-. Married May 1, 1865, Abbie Smith, da. of Philemon Russell, Ashburnham. Ch. Ernest H.; Francis J. (d.); Alice R. (Frye); George S. (A. C. 1895); (d.) Herbert S. Address, So. Royalston. 1479. Fernald, Ebenzer Nichols. S. of Joseph and Polly (Nichols), b. W. Lebanon, Me., Mch. 10, 1833. Prepared New Hampton (N. H.) Literary and Biblical Institution. Taught Latin and Greek, State Sem., Lewiston, Me., 1862; English, Williston Sem., 1862-63; prin. W. Rockford (Ill.) H. S., 1863-65; with North Western Freedmen's Aid Commission, Chattanooga, Tenn., 1865-66; Andover T. S., 1866-69; ordained Winthrop, N. 12, 1869; p. 1st Free-Will Baptist Ch., there, 1869-70; Auburn, Me., 1870-74; financial sec. and treasurer, Free-Will Bapt. home miss'y and Foreign Miss. Societies, Lewiston, Me., 1874-85; treasurer and pub. Free Baptist Printing Est., Boston, 1885-90; p. Free Baptist Ch., Milton Mills, N. H., 1890-97. Trustee Stover Coll., W. Va., 1878-. D. Milton Mills, N. H., Jan. 15, 1898. Married D. 27, 1863, Anna B., da. of David Tuxbury, Saco, Me. 5 ch. 1480. Finch, James Byron. S. of James B. and Ursula (Slack), b. Southampton, D. 29, 1832. M. A., U. of City of N. Y., 1872; D. D., Franklin Coll., 1899. Delta Kappa Epsilon. Prepared Williston Sem.; A. C., 1858-60; B. A., 1871. Union T. S., 1860-63; ordained, 1863; a. p. Orient, L. I., 1863-65; Nebraska City, Neb., 1865-67; p. Hempstead, L. I., 1867-75; completed college course at U. of City of N. Y., with degree of B. A., 1869; a. p. Greenport, L. I., 1875-76; Middle Island, N. Y., 1877-78; p. Amagansett, L. I., 1879-1903; p. emeritus, 1903-09. Author Translation of Caesar. d. Amagansett, L. I., Ap. 6, 1909. Married Jan. 11, 1864, Adelaide V., da. of Henry H. Terry, Orient, L. I., who d. O. 24, 1899. 6 ch. 1481. Fox, Daniel Worden. S. of Albert M. and Maria (Worden), b. Brooklyn, N. Y., N. 5, 1838. Delta Kappa Epsilon. Prepared Bartlett H. S., New London, Conn. Union T. S., 1862-65; ordained Newtown, Conn., Aug. 15, 1865; p. there, 1865-67; So. Royalton, Vt., 1868-70; Lyndonville, Vt.; Flanders, N. J.; Lyndhurst, N. J.; with Hampton Normal and Agricultural Institute, Va., 1887-94; p. in N. C., 1894-1905; r. Walpole, N. H., 1905-07. D. Walpole, N. H., Aug. 6, 1907. Married (1) N. 1, 1865, Abby F., da. of John S. Adams, Amherst, who d. D. 11, 1886; (2) May 12, 1906, Mrs. Diantha E. Fletcher. Ch. Albert MK. 1482. Furney, Lucius Abial. S. of Russell S. and Julia (La Brette), b. Chicopee Falls, S. 6, 1841. Prepared Chicopee Falls, H. S. In business Springfield, 1862-64; Capt. Co. F, 45th U. S. C. I., 1864; in 25th C. I., 1864-65; Military Supt. Yonkers (N. Y.) Military Institute, 1866; taught German American Institute, N. Y. City, 1866-69; English and mathematics, German American School, N. Y. City, 1869-81; Norwalk, Conn., 1881-82; Alex. Institute, White Plains, N. Y., 1882-; German American School, Jersey City Heights, 1892-97; studed Coll. of Physicians and Surgeons, St. Louis, Mo., 1897-98; tutor Latin and English, 1898-99; storekeeper, 1900-05; bookkeeper silk factory, Patterson, N. J., 1905-08; retired, 1908; r. W. New York, N. J., 1920. Ed. Reminiscences of the War of the Rebellion. D. W. New York, N. J., D. 11, 1921. Married (1) Aug. 22, 1866, Hattie, da. of Robert Hathaway, Sandusky, O.; (2) Aug. 2, 1898, Pauline Clara Saft, Union Hill, N. J. ch. Anna M. (d.); Elma L. (d.) 1483. Garvin, Lucius Fayette Clark. S. of James (A. C. 1831) and Sarah Ann (Gunn), b. Knoxville, Tenn., N. 13, 1841. M. D., Harvard, 1867. Delta Kappa Epsilon. Prepared New Garden School (now Guilford Coll.) N. C. Priv. Co. E, 51st Mass. Vols., 1862-63; Harvard Med. School, 1864-67; surgeon interne, Boston City Hospital, 1866-67; practised Lonsdale, R. I., 1867-1922. Representative R. I. State Legislature, 13 terms; senator 3 terms; governor of R. I., 2 terms. Author numerous articles for magazines. d. Lonsdale, R. I., O. 2, 1922. Married (1) D. 23, 1869, Lucy Waterman, da. of Giles Southmayd, Middletown, Conn., who d. Jan. 20, 1898; (2) Ap. 2, 1907, Sarah Emma Tomlinson, Lonsdale, R. I. Ch. Ethel; Norma (d.); Florence; Lucius; Sumner. 1484. Goodell, Henry Hill. S. of William and Abigail Perkins (Davis), b. Constantinople, Turkey, May 20, 1839. M. A., A. C., 1865; LL. D., A. C., 1891. Psi Upsilon. Prepared Williston Sem. 2d Lieut., 25th Conn. Vols., 1862-63; 1st Lieut., 1863; aid-de-camp on staff of Col. Bissell, 3rd Brigade, 4th Division, 19th Army Corps, 1863; taught gymnastics and modern languages, Williston Sem., 1864-67; prof. of Modern Languages and English Literature, M. A. C., 1867-95; prof. of Modern Languages, 1895-1905; instructor in gumnastics and military tactics, 1867-69; lecturer on entomology, 1869; instructor in zoology, 1869-70; anatomy and physiology, 1869-71, 1882-83; rhetoric, elocution and English Language, 18971-73, 1883-85; history, 1872-83; sec. of the faculty, 1882-86; created coll. library, 1881; librarian, 1885-99; acting president, 1883; president, 1886-1905. Director Hatch Experiment Station, 1888-1905; member Mass. Legislature, 1885. Author General Catalogue of Mass. Agricultural College, numerous lectures and addresses. D. at sea, Ap. 23, 1905. Married D. 10, 1873, Helen E., da. of John Stanton, New Orleans, La. Ch. William (A. C. 1901); John. 1485. Graves, William Blair. S. of Cyrus and Lucena (Thayer), b. W. Fairlee, Vt., F. 3, 1834. M. A., A. C., 1865. Phi Beta Kappa; Delta Kappa Epsilon. Prepared Lawrence Acad., Groton. Taught Centreville, R. I., 1862-63; Medfield H. S., 1863-64; Holliston H. S., 1864-65; Walker Instructor of mathematics A. C., 1865; prin. English Dept., Phillips Acad., Andover, 1866-70; prof. of natural sciences, Marietta, 1870-74; prof. of physics and civil engineering, M. A. C., 1874-81; Peabody prof. of natural sciences, Phillips Acad., Andover, 1881-1908; prof. emeritus, 1908-15. Member Bd. of Overseers of Charity Fund, A. C., 1878-; Amer. Assoc. for Advancement of Science; Amer. Social Science Assoc. D. Andover, May 3, 1915. Married Aug. 26, 1863, Luranah Hodges, da. of Elijah Copeland, Mansfield. Ch. Alice C. (d.); William P.; Henry S.; Helen L. (d.) 1486. Gridley, Henry. S. of Noah and Emeline (Reed), b. Amenia, N. Y., S. 19, 1836. Delta Kappa Epsilon. Prepared Amenia (N. Y.) Acad. 1st Lieut., 150th N. Y. Regt., 1862-63; in Army of Tennessee, 1863-64. Killed in battle of Marietta, Ga., Je. 22, 1864. 1487. Harrington, Samuel. S. of Samuel D. and Mary A. (Burke), b. Paxton, May 28, 1836. Alpha Delta Phi. Prepared Leicester and Monson Acads.; A. C., 1857-60, 1861; B. A., 1871. 1st Lieut., 25th Mass. Vols., 1861-62; Capt., 1862-65; Lieut. Col., 1865; prin. Cohasset H. S., 1865-67; planter in Fla., 1867-68; prin. Brookfield H. S., 1868-69; Middle St. Grammar School, New Bedford, 1869-71; Collins Grammar School, Gloucester, 1871-73; Melrose H. S., 1873-74; submaster English H. S., Boston, 1874-76; master Eliot Grammar School, Boston, residing at Melrose, 1876-95. D. Boston, O. 5, 1895. Married Jy. 8, 1874, Helen, da. of Josiah Herrick, Gloucester. 1488. Haynes, Charles Thaddeus. S. of Samuel and Eliza (Spaulding), b. Townsend, Mch. 19, 1835. M. A., A. C., 1867. Prepared Appleton Acad. and New Ipswich, N. H. Prin. Ashby Acad., 1862-63; Andover T. S., 1863-65; asst. in law office of brother and taught private pupils, 1865-68; prin. Edgartown H. S., 1868-70; taught mathematics Highland Military Acad., Worcester, 1870; prin. Webster H. S., 1870-72; Washington, Lamartine and Downing Street Schools, Worcester, 1872-98; retired, 1898; r. Cleveland Heights, O.; Townsend. D. Cleveland Heights, O., Jan. 9, 1922. Married Aug. 22, 1870, Sybel, da. of Benjamin Wallace, Townsend, who d. Ap., 1918. Ch. Herman W.; Rowland. 1489. Hazen, Hervey Crosby. S. of Dixon and Celina (Crosby), b. Ithaca, N. Y., Je. 25, 1841. M. A., A. C., 1871. Delta Upsilon. Prepared Ithaca (N. Y.) Acad. Auburn T. S., 1862-65; s. s. Rodman, N. Y., 1865-66; Ludlow, Vt., 1866-67; ordained Ithaca, N. Y., by Presbytery of Ithaca, Aug., 1867; miss'y of A. B. C. F. M., Madura, So. India, 1868-70; p. Liverpool, N. Y., 1870-76; s. s. Manlius, N. Y., 1876-78; Spencer, N. Y., 1878-79; p. Manlius, N. Y., 1879-82; Holley, N. Y., 1882-83; miss'y of A. B. C. F. M., Manamadura, So. India, 1883-1914. D. Manamadura, So. India, Jy. 20, 1914. Married (1) Jy. 2, 1867, Ida J., da. of Dr. William A. Chapin, Ludlow, Vt., who d. Mch. 29, 1883; (2) Ap. 15, 1884, Hattie A., da. of Mr. Cook, Holley, N. Y., who d. Ap. 9, 1909. 1490. Houghton, James Clay. S. of James Clay (A. C. ex 1837) and Julia (Morton), b. Dana, S. 2, 1841. Prepared E. Windsor (Conn.) Acad. Studied law with William Hebard, Chelsea, Vt., 1862-64; cashier Orange Co. (Vt.) Bank, 1864-65; Orange Co. (Vt.) National Bank, 1865-71; 1st National Bank, Montpelier, Vt., 1871-74; director National Life Insurance Co., 1874-85; treasurer, 1885; vice-president, 1897-1901; president, 1901-02. Asst. clerk Vt. House of Representatives, 1862, 1863; member Vt. Legislature, 1886. D. Naples, Italy, Mch. 4, 1902. Married O. 13, 1869, Grace R., da. of Edward R. Blackwell, Norristown, Penn. Ch. Edward R. (A. C. 1893); Grace M. Bro. Joseph G. (A. C. 1865). 1491. Howe, Alvah Sereno. S. of Perley and Mary (Puffer), b. Gardner, Aug. 13, 1837. M. A., A. C., 1865. Prepared Wilbraham and Holliston Acads. Taught Ashburnham, 1862-63; prin. Chester (Vt.) Acad., 1863-65; Thetford (Vt.) Acad., 1865-68; Allendale Boarding School, Sterling Centre, 1868-70; Peters' H. S., Southboro, 1870-72; Webster H. S., 1872-74; Woonsocket (R. I) Consolidated Grammar School, 1874-77. D. Woonsocket, R. I., S. 4, 1877. Married Mch. 17, 1863, Lucy Annie, da. of John C. Glazier, Ashburnham. 1492. Kittredge, Charles Marsh. S. of Timothy and Fannie (Marsh), b. Mt. Vernon, N. H., Ap. 30, 1838. M. D., Harvard, 1867. Delta Kappa Epsilon. Prepared Appleton Acad., Mt. Vernon, N. H. Orderly sergt., 13th N. H. Vols., 1862-63; 2nd Lieut., 1863; Harvard Med. School, 1863-67; asst. physician, Insane Retreat, Hartford, Conn., 1867-68; attended lectures in N. Y. City, 1868-69; est. and conducted Riverview home miss'y for Nervous Invalids, Fishkill-on-Hudson, N. Y., 1870-96. D. Mt. Vernon, N. Y., Aug. 19, 1896. Married D. 25, 1869, Marcella E., da. of William Conant, Mt. Vernon, N. H. who d. Aug. 4, 1892. 6 ch. Harry M. (A. C. 1901). 1493. Knight, Alva Aziza. S. of Aziza and Jemima (Worden), b. Norwich, May 6, 1835. M. A., A. C., 1865. Prepared Ware H. S. Princeton T. S., 1862-63; 1st Lieut., 34th U. S. C. I., 1863-65; Capt., 1865-66; studied law privately; admitted to bar, Ap. 3, 1866; to Supreme Court of U. S., N. 4, 1870; register Columbia Co., Fla., 1867; locating agent for Madison, Taylor, La Fayette, Suwannee, Columbia and Hamilton counties, Fla.; Circuit Judge 4th Judicial Circuit, Fla., 1868-72; U. S. District Attorney, No. District of Fla., 1873; member Constitutional Convention which formed Fla. State Constitution; state senator, 2 yrs; presidential elector, 1872; U. S. Int. Rev. collector, Fla., 1873-79; r. Jacksonville, Fla., 1866-; member law firm Knight & Museck; retired, 1920. D. Seattle, Wash., May 26, 1923. Married Aug. 22, 1866, Ellen M., da. of Russell Carruth, Boston. 1494. Leonard, Willard Thomas. S. of Oliver and Mariann (Bird), b. Taunton, Mch. 12, 1838. M. A., A. C., 1865. Phi Beta Kappa; Delta Kappa Epsilon. Prepared with Dr. H. B. Wheelwright, Taunton. Taught So. Hadley, 1862-63; Greenfield, 1863-67; Petersham, 1867-72; prin. Pierce Acad., Middleboro, 1872; master Fall River H. S.; retired. D. Taunton, Jan. 9, 1926. Married N. 18, 1863, Addie F., da. of Rev. John Shepardson, Greenfield. Ch. Florence E.; Annie; Mabel L. (d.) 1495. Lewis, Zachariah Edwards. S. of John Nitchie and Sarah (Edwards), b. Geneseo, N. Y., N. 5, 1840. M. A., A. C., 1865; M. D., U. of City of N. Y., 1866. Alpha Delta Phi. Prepared Greenwich (Conn.) Acad. and Williston Sem. Grad. Med. Dept., U. of City of N. Y., 1868; asst. surgeon U. S. A., Jefferson General Hospital, Jeffersonville, Ind., 1864; N. Y. Hospital, 1865-67; asst. demonstrator of anatomy, U. of City of N. Y., 1866-67; demonstrator, 1867-68; practised N. Y. City, 1867-68; West Farms, N. Y., 1868-74; Morrisania, N. Y., 1874-83; New Rochelle, N. Y., 1883-1907; r. Southampton, N. Y., 1907-10. Member numerous medical societies; active in local affairs. Wrote for medical journals. D. Southampton, N. Y., Jan. 12, 1910. Married d. 2, 1880, Mrs. Hannah Ogilvie, da. of James Buchanan, N. Y. City. Ch. 1 da. Bro. Henry A. (A. C. 1873). 1496. Lincoln, Rufus Pratt. S. of Rufus S. and Lydia (Baggs), b. Belchertown, Ap. 27, 1840. M. D., Harvard, 1868. Psi Upsilon. Prepared Williston Sem. and Exeter (N. H.) Acad. 2nd Lieut. 37th Mass. Vols., 1862; Capt., 1862-64; Major, 1864-65; Lieut. Col and Col., 1865; Harvard Med. School, 1865-68; throat specialist N. Y. City, 1869-1900. Member Amer. Acad. of medicine and other medical societies. Wrote many medical articles. D. N. Y. City, N. 27, 1900. Married Aug. 20, 1869, Caroline C., da. of Wellington H. Tyler (A. C. 1831), Cincinnati, O. 3 ch. (Portrait in possession of A. C.). 1497. McGlathery, William. S. of Mehelm and Henrietta (Thomas), b. Norristown, Penn., N. 19, 1839. M. A., A. C., 1874. Alpha Delta Phi. Prepared Treemont Acad., Norristown, Penn. and with private tutor. Princeton T. S., 1862-64; Divinity School of Prot. Episcopal Ch., Philadelphia, Penn., 1864-66; ordained deacon, Je., 1867; priest, 1868; asst. p. St. Luke's Ch., Philadelphia, 1867-68; rector St. Andrew's Ch., Lambertville, N. J., 1868-69; Christ Ch., Towanda, Penn., 1869-73; Ch. of the Ascension, Fall River, 1873-75; St. Stephen's Ch., Pittsfield, 1875-81; w. c., 1881-84; rector Grace Ch., Middletown, N. Y., 1884-89; w. c. Norristown, Penn., 1889-1911. D. Norristown, Penn., Ap. 18, 1911. Married D. 30, 1873, Charlotte E., da. of Henry S. Mercur, Towanda, Penn. Ch. 1 da. 1498. Macomber, George. S. of John and Abigail (Packard), b. Oakham, D. 20, 1838. Delta Kappa Epsilon. Prepared Monson Acad. 1st Lieut. 34th Mass. Inf., 1862-63; acting adjutant, 1863-64; commanded engineer company of Army of W. Va., 1864; Capt. and transferred to 24th Mass. Inf., 1865; Brevet-Major, U. S. Vols.; 2nd Lieut. 14th U. S. Inf., 1866-67; 1st Lieut., 32nd U. S. Inf., on reorganization of army; Brevet-Major, U. S. A., 1867-69; acting asst. Inspector General, Dept. of the Columbia, 1866-67; stationed at San Francisco, Cal., 18(?)-67; Camp Goodwin, Ariz., 1868; Camp Bowie, 1869. D. Camp Bowie, Ariz., S. 19, 1869. Married Je. 28, 1866, Kate M., da. of Col. Goodwin, Fairfax, Va. 1499. Maynard, Isaac Horton. S. of Isaac and Jane (Falconer), b. Bovina, N. Y., Ap. 9, 1838. M. A., A. C., 1867. Phi Beta Kappa; Delta Kappa Epsilon. Prepared Stamford (N. Y.) Sem. Studied law with William Murray, Delhi, N. Y.; admitted to bar, N., 1863; practised Delhi, N. Y., 1863-65; Stamford, N. Y., 1865-67; county judge and surrogate, 1877-84; 1st deputy Attorney-General, 1884-85; comptroller U. S. Treasury, 1885-87; asst. sec. of the treasury, 1887-89; appointed by Governor of N. Y. a commissioner to revise general laws of N. Y., 1889-90; 1st deputy Attorney-General, 1890-92; associate judge. Court of Appeals, 1892-93; in law firm of Maynard, Gilbert & Cone, Albany, N. Y., 1893-96. Member N. Y. State Legislature, 1876-77. D. Albany, N. Y., Je. 12, 1896. Married Je. 28, 1871, Margaret M., da. of Charles Marvine, Delhi, N. Y. Ch. 1 da. 1500. Morse, Frederick Daniels. S. of Asa D. and Eliza (Hill), b. E. Medway, D. 25, 1838. M. A., A. C., 1869; M. D., Rush Med. Coll., 1867. Delta Kappa Epsilon. Prepared Monson Acad. Serft. Co. A, 42nd Mass. Vols., 1862-63; captured at Brashear City, La., Je. 22, 1863; paroled, Je. 26, 1863; at home, 1863-64; Rush M. D., 1864-67; taught Chicaco (Ill.) Reform School and Lake Forest (Ill.) Acad., 1865; practised Chicago, 1867-68; Lawrence, Kans., 1868-. Married O. 19, 1869, Addie A., da. of Alvan Smith, Monson, who d. O. 31, 1914. Address, 1041 Tennessee St., Lawrence, Kans. 1501. Nash, James Henry. S. of Simeon (A. C. 1829) and Cynthia (Smith), b. Gallipolis, O., Jan. 7, 1841. Delta Kappa Epsilon. Prepared Gallia Acad., Gallipolis, O. Taught there, 1862-63; Studied law with father; admitted to bar, 1865; practised Charleston, W. Va., 1865-76. D. Charleston, W. Va., Je. 19, 1876. Married Jan. 21, 1862, Lucinda M., da. of Ezra Allen, So. Hadley. 3 ch. Bro. Simeon (A. C. 1863). 1502. Newcomb, Otis Capron. S. of Joseph M. and Hannah Kent (Capron), b. Easton, D. 26, 1838. Phi Beta Kappa. Prepared Attleboro H. S. Studied med. Dr. Clark, Worcester. D. Attleboro, N. 11, 1865. 1503. Peck, Jonas Oramel. S. of Jonathan J. and Myra (Tucker), b. Groton, Vt., S. 4, 1836. M. A., Wesleyan (Conn.), 1870; D. D., Lawrence U., 1874. Phi Beta Kappa; Psi Upsilon. Prepared Newbury (Vt.) Sem.; A. C., 1859-62. Studied theology in N. E. conference of Meth. Episcopal Ch.; licensed Newbury, Vt., 1858; ordained deacon, Ap., 1862; p. Chelsea, 1862-64; Lowell, 1864-67; Worcester, 1867-70; Springfield, 1870-73; Chicago, Ill., 1873-75; Baltimore, M. D., 1875-78; St. Johns, Hanson Place and Simpson Ch., Brooklyn, N. Y., 1879-87; corresponding sec. Miss'y Soc., Meth. Episcopal Ch., 1888-94. D. Brooklyn, N. Y., May 17, 1894. Married (1) Jy. 28, 1862, Susan R., da. of Ferdinand Robinson, No. Amherst, who d. Jan. 17, 1888; (2) Jan. 18, 1890, Mrs. Alice Oftendinger, da. of William Foster, Va. 2 s. 1504. Perry, Cyrus Murdock. S. of Cyrus and Almira (Murdock), b. Holden, O. 5, 1839. Prepared Leicester Acad. Union T. S., 1862-65; chaplain 24th N. Y. Cavalry, 1865; s. s. No. Gage, N. Y., 1866-68; p. Jordan, N. Y., 1868-72; s. s. Southwick, 1872; a. p. Pembroke, 1872-79; p. W. Concord, N. H., 1879-82; s. s. Slatersville, R. I., 1882-88; So. Brewer, Me., 1889; Keene Valley, N. Y., 1891-98; Bolton, 1898-1909; w. c. Ellington, Conn., 1909-19. Travelled extensively in Europe; attended International Sunday School Convention, Jerusalem, 1904. D. Ellington, Conn., D. 3, 1919. Married May 19, 1868, Sarah A., da. of Nathan Johnson, Trenton, N. Y. 2 adopted ch. Francis P., Grace E. 1505. Phipps, George Gardner. S. of William (A. C. 1837) and Mary C. (Partridge), b. Franklin, D. 11, 1838. Delta Kappa Epsilon. Prepared Monson Acad. Andover T. S., 1862-65; Ashland, 1865-67; ordained, Jan. 23, 1867; p. Wellesley, 1868-78; Newton Highlands, 1878-90. Artist in water-colors; writes for newspapers and religious periodicals. Married S. 12, 1865, Kathleen M., da. of Russell Carruth, So. Boston. Bro. William H. (A. C. 1862). Address, 1193 Walnut St., Newton Highlands. 1506. Phipps, William Hamilton. S. of William (A. C. 1837) and Mary C. (Partridge), b. Paxton, Jy. 3, 1841. Delta Kappa Epsilon. Prepared Monson Acad. Prin. Leicester H. S., 1862-63; Andover T. S., 1863-66; ordained, Aug. 29, 1866; home miss'y and a. p. Empire City, Col., 1866-69; s. s. No. Beverly, 1869-70; Southville, 1870-71; a. p. E. Woodstock, Conn., 1871-73; Poquonock, Conn., 1873-77; Prospect, Conn., 1877-1902; r. Waterbury, Conn. D. Waterbury, Conn., Mch. 29, 1922. Married O. 10, 1872, Mary Elizabeth, da. of Rev. Francis Williams, Chaplin, Conn. Ch. Florence W. (d.); Winifred W. (Walters); Ethel W.; Howard F.; Laurence W. Bro. George G. (A. C. 1862). 1507. Pratt, Jacob Loring. S. of Loring and Laura (Vining), b. So. Weymouth, Aug. 6, 1835. Prepared Thetford (Vt.) Acad. Bangor T. S., 1862-64; a. p. Oxford, Me. and Norway, Me., 1864-66; ordained Strong, Me., N. 7, 1867; p. there, 1866-68; Rupert, Vt., 1885; supervisor of schools, Strong, Me., 25 yrs. Author Evening Rest, Broken Fetters and other religious works. D. Strong, Me., N. 15, 1891. Married Je. 14, 1876, Lucy C., da. of George T. Soule, Strong, Me. 4 s. 1508. Reed, George Milton. S. of Samuel and Caroline (Nash), b. Weymouth, Jan. 8, 1840. Alpha Delta Phi. Prepared Weymouth H. S. and Hanover Acad. Taught, 1862-63; studied law with Chandler & Shattuck, Boston, 1863-71; Harvard L. S., 6 mos.; admitted to bar, Jan., 1871; practised Boston, 1871-1911; associate justice, Dorchester Municipal Court, 1870-1911. D. Cambridge, Ap. 11, 1911. Married Jan. 28, 1903, Emma M., da. of John W. Estabrooks, Dorchester. 1509. Richardson, Alvah Mills. S. of Gilbert and Hannah (Davis), b. Woburn, Ap. 30, 1833. Prepared Phillips Acad., Andover. Priv. 45th Mass. Vols., 1862-63; Andover T. S., 1863-66; Limebrook Parish, Ipswich, 1866-70; agent Amer. Tract Soc., 1870-71; farmer Winchester, 1871-1912. D. Palmer, Mch. 16, 1912. Gilbert B. (A. C. 1853); Bro. Martin L. (A. C. 1856). 1510. Robbins, James Henry. S. of James and Mary (Parkman), b. Calais, Me., Jy. 22, 1839. M. D., Harvard, 1867. Delta Kappa Epsilon. Prepared Calais (Me.) H. S.; A. C., 1859-62. Taught Baring, Me., 1862-63; prin. Leicester H. S., 1863-64; Studied med. with Dr. Swan, Calais, Me., 1864; Bowdoin Med. School, 1864-65; Harvard Med. School, 1865-67; practised Machinas, Me., 1867-76; Calais, Me., 1876-81; Hingham, 1881-1900. D. Hingham, Aug. 21, 1900. Married (1) S. 16, 1868, Laura, da. of Ansel Dailey, Calais, Me., who d. D. 14, 1875; (2) May 30, 1881, Mary C., da. of James S. Pike, Robbinston, Me. Ch. Reginald. 1511. Shepard, Luther Dimmick. S. of Rev. John W. and Eliza (Burns), b. Windham, Me., S. 11, 1837. M. A., A. C., 1868; D. D. S., Baltimore Coll. of Dental Surgery, 1861; D. M. D., Harvard, 1879, 1879. Alpha Delta Phi. Prepared Nashua (N. H.) H. S. and Phillips Acad., Andover; A. C., 1858-60; B. A., 1871. Baltimore Coll. of Dental Surgery, M. D., 1860-61; practised Amherst, 1862-65; Salem, 1865-67; Boston, 1867-1911; prof. of Operative Dentistry, Harvard, 1879-82. President Amer. Dental Assoc., 1879; National Assoc. of Dental Examiners of World's Columbian Dental Congress, Chicago, 1893. Ed. and pub. transactions of Amer. Dental Assoc., 1865-66. D. Boston, Jan. 26, 1911. Married O. 5, 1871, Josephine, da. of Edwin C. Bailey, Boston. 2 s. 1512. Stanton, Charles Benjamin. S. of John and Sophia (Cook), b. New Orleans, La., N. 9, 1840. Prepared Mr. Hatheway's School, Medford. Clerk in Quartermaster's Dept. Jeffersonville, Ind., 1863-64; Fort Scott, Kans., 1864-65; in firm of Richardson & Co., dealers in leather goods, Jeffersonville, Ind., 1866-69; with Hopkins & Stanton, Louisville, Ky., 1869-71; grocer Jeffersonville, Ind., 1872-77; accountant Chicago, Ill., 1877-82; special agent New Orleans (La.) Insurance Co., 1882-88; insurance business Indianapolis, Ind., 1888-90; sec. Standard Fire Insurance Co., Kansas City, Mo., 1890-95; insurance business Chicago, Ill., 1895-1906; r. Tacoma, Wash., 1906-13; Portland, Ore., 1913-15. D. Portland, Ore., S. 5, 1915. Married Jan. 18, 1870, Florence, da. of Sidney Lyons, Jeffersonville, Ind., who d. Aug. 22, 1912. Ch. Mary A. (d.); Helen V. (Breed); John C.; Victor B. (Currie). 1513. Stebbins, Calvin. S. of Calvin and Sarah E. (Langdon), b. So. Wilbraham, Ap. 22, 1837. D. D. (hon.), A. C., 1917. Psi Upsilon. Prepared Exeter (N. H.) Acad. and Williston Sem. Harvard D. S., 1862-65; ordained Ap. 2, 1865, Boston; p. Chicopee, 1866-69; Malboro, 1869-72; Detroit, Mich., 1872-79; Lebanon, N. H., 1880-; Framingham, 1904-. Member Sanitary Commission, Civil War. Author Life of Henry Hill Goodell (A. C. 1862); co-ed. with William S. Tyler of Tyler's Recollections of the Civil War. D. Framingham, D. 30, 1921. Married Aug. 8, 1866, Lucinda Maria, da. of Marcus Beebe, So. Wilbraham, who d. D. 11, 1919. 1514. Stockwell, Austin Parsons. S. of Daniel and Mary (Gale), b. Hadley, D. 2, 1837. M. A., A. C., 1865. Prepared Hopkins Acad., Hadley. Union T. S., 1862-65; ordained as Presb. N. Y. City, May 14, 1865; p. Pleasant Plains, N. Y. City, 1865-69; a. p. Reformed Dutch Ch., Mill Brook, N. Y., 1869-71; p. Gravesend, L. I., 1872-87; supt. of Industrial Schools, Brooklyn (N. Y.) Children's Aid Soc., 1887-93; supt. of schools. Howard Mission, N. Y. City, 1893-99; p. Centennial Chapel, 1st Reformed Ch., Brooklyn, N. Y., 1890-93; Greenwood Heights Reformed Ch., 1894-99. D. Brooklyn, N. Y., N. 21, 1900. Married S. 20, 1865, Sarah P., da. of Francis Loud, Westhampton. Ch. Lena F. (d.); Frederic L. (d.); Harry F. (d.) 1515. Stoddard, Samuel Augustus. S. of John and Merab (Parker), b. Coventry, N. Y., Ap. 20, 1835. Prepared Amenia (N. Y.) Sem. Priv. 24th N. Y. Light Artillery, 1862; corp., 1862-65; Union T. S., 1865-68; ordained as Presb., O., 1868; under H. M. S., Holton, Kans., 1868-70; p. Independence, Kans., 1870-74; miss'y to Cherokee Indians, Fort Gibson and Muscogee, Indian Ter., 1874-83; r. in Col. and Cal., 1883-86. D. Bainbridge, N. Y., N. 24, 1886. Married (1) May 20, 1868, Sarah E., da. of Rev. H. R. Hoisington, Batticotta, Ceylon, who d. May 21, 1871; (2) S. 12, 1876, Addie S., da. of A. W. Hannaford, Beloit, Wis., who d. Ap. 17, 1885. [Seems to be brother of Elijah W. (A. C. 1849).] 1516. Stone, Timothy Porter. S. of Rev. Timothy D. P. (A. C. 1834) and Phebe C. (Holt), b. Plymouth, N. H., Je. 25, 1838. Phi Beta Kappa; Alpha Delta Phi. Prepared with father, Norwich, Conn. Princeton T. S., 1862-64. D. Lafayette, Ind., Jan. 30, 1864. 1517. Sweetser, Charles Humphreys. S. of Samuel and Nancy M. (Harbach), b. Athol, Aug. 25, 1841. Psi Upsilon. Prepared Williston Sem. On editorial staff Springfield Republica, 1862-63; est. and ed. The Round Table, N. Y. City, 1863-65; ed. Jersey City Times, 1865; est. Bureau of Literary Reference, 1866; est. daily evening paper, The Gazette, 1866; est. The Evening Mail, 1867; est. daily morning paper, The City, 1868; on The St. Paul (Minn.) Despatch, 1869; est. literary paper, Minneapolis, Minn.; literary ed. Chicago Tribune, 1869-71. Ed. Guide Book to Minn.; summer Resort Book; pub. the first Song Book of Amherst College and Annals of Amherst College. D. Pilatka, Fla., Jan. 1, 1871. Married O. 24, 1868, Mary Newman, da. of Joseph H. Sweetser, N. Y. City. 1 da. 1518. Tomson, Truman. S. of Truman and Ann (Weston), b. Belchertown, May 16, 1839. M. A., A. C., 1865. Alpha Delta Phi. Prepared Amherst Acad., Chatham, N. Y., and privately. Taught in Ind.; Philadelphia, Penn.; Brooklyn, N. Y.; studied law privately and at Columbia Law School. D. Amherst, N. 7, 1866. Married O. 30, 1866, Cora A., da. of. Harmenius Welch, New Haven, Conn. 1519. Tyler, Mason Whiting. S. of William Seymour (A. C. 1830) and Amelia Ogden (Whiting), b. Amherst, Je. 17, 1840. M. A., A. C., 1865. Phi Beta Kappa; Psi Upsilon. Prepared Williston Sem. 2nd Lieut., 37th Mass. Vols., 1862; 1st Lieut., 1862-63; Capt., 1863-65; Major, 1865; Lieut. Col. and Col., 1865; Columbia Law School, 1865-66; admitted to bar, N. Y. City, O., 1866; managing clerk in office of Evarts, Southmayd & Choate, 1866-69; in firm of Tremain & Tyler, N. Y. City, 1869-93; in firm of Tyler & Durand, 1893-1903; with sons William S. and Cornelius B., 1903-07; r. Plainfield, N. J., 1871-1907. Trustee A. C., 1901-07; Governor N. J. Mayflower Descendants' Soc., and member similar societies. D. N. Y. City, Jy. 2, 1907. Married D. 29, 1869, Eliza M., da. of Rev. John F. [Schroeder], New Milford, Conn., who d. O. 14, 1906. Ch. William S. (A. C. 1895); Cornelius B. (A. C. 1898). Bro. William W. (A. C. 1864); Henry M. (A. C. 1865); John M. (A. C. 1873). 1520. Vance, Samuel Colville. S. of Laurence M. and Mary Jane (Bates), b. Indianapolis, Ind., Aug. 22, 1839. Psi Upsilon. Prepared Wabash Coll., Ind.; A. C., 1859-62. Capt., 27th Mass. Cols., 1861-62; Major, 70th Ind. Vols., 1862-63; Col. 132nd Ind. Vols., 1863; in command of Regt. of Home Guards, 1864; partner Ind. Banking Co., Indianapolis, Ind., 1865-70; book-dealer there, 1871-75; agent Conn. Mutual Life Insurance Co., Indianapolis, Ind., 1875-77; farmer and orange grower, Verdiere Point and Jacksonville, Fla., 1877-1913. D. Jacksonville, Fla., N. 3, 1913. Married (1) Jy. 14, 1862, Minnie, da. of Rev. Moody Harrington, W. Springfield, who d. Ap. 13, 1863; (2) Je. 22, 1865, Mary, da. of Robert Breckenridge, Lafayette,Ind. Ch. Jessie R. (Randall); Arthur B.; Mary B. (Beckly); Mrs. L. C. Gifford. 1521. Warrington, George. S. of George and Mary (Evaul), b. Dover, Del., D. 13, 1842. M. A., A. C., 1865; B. D., Princeton, 1898. Prepared Friends' Central H. S., Philadelphia, Penn. Taught Quaker School there, 1862-63; clerk in Commissary Dept., Washington, D. C., 1863; 1st Lieut, 8th U. S. C. I., 1863-64; taught Trenton, N. J., 1864-66; studied law with E. W. Scudder there, 1864-67; Princeton T. S., 1867-71; ordained by W. Jersey Presbytery, May 9, 1871; p. Glassboro, N. J., 1871; s. s. Berlin and Waterford, N. J., 1872-73; p. Bald Eagle, Nittany and Beech Creek, Penn., 1873-74; Manalapan, N. J., 1874-80; evangelist there, 1880-82; p. United Presb. Ch., Birmingham, Ia., 1882-; Presb. Ch. Fairton, N. J., 1894-97. D. Fairton, N. J., S. 1., 1900. Married (1) Jan. 9, 1865, Emma, da. of Willet Dunn, Trenton, N. J., who d. O. 27, 1866; (2) Ap. 26, 1871, Emma, da. of Henry Gilroy, Philadelphia, Penn., who d. Ap. 16, 1896. 1 da. 1522. Wells, Henry Parkhurst. S. of Dr. Phineas P. and Catherine J. (French), b. Providence, R. I., S. 14, 1842. Prepared Williston Sem. and Mt. Pleasant School, Amherst; A. C., 1859-62; B. A., 1882. 1st Lieut. Co. K, 13th Regt. N. Y. Heavy Artillery, 1863-65; studied law with C. E. Soule, N. Y. City and Columbia L. S.; admitted to bar, 1869; practised N. Y. City, 1869-1904. Author Fly Rods and Fly Tackle; The American Salmon Fisherman; A City Boy in the Woods. D. Brookyn, N. Y., N. 23, 1904. 1523. White, Oliver. S. of Josiah and Esther (Hiatt), b. Milton, Ind., Aug. 21, 1836. Prepared Prep. Dept., Earlham Coll.; Earlham Coll., 1858-61; A. C., 1861-62; B. S. Taught Wabash, Richmond, and Winchester, Ind., 1862-65; bookseller Richmond, Ind., 1865-76; Dublin, Ind., 1876-86; p. and teacher, Soc. of Friends, in middle West, N. Y. and Brooklyn, 1886-1906; Richmond, Ind., 1906-. Author Report of Geological Explorations in State of Me. D. Wachula, Fla., Ap. 27, 1908. Married F. 13, 1865, Mary C., da. of Thomas Cottom, Winchester, Ind. 2 s., 2 da. 1524. Willis, Nathan Elliot. S. of Nathan and Rebecca (Dean), b. Bridgewater, Jy. 12, 1838. M. A., A. C., 1865. Phi Beta Kappa; Psi Upsilon. Prepared Pierce (Middleboro) and Bridgewater Acads. Bridgewater State Normal School, 1862-64; prin. No. Middleboro Acad., 1864; Southboro H. S., 1864-65; Weymouth, 1865-67; master Hillside Grammar School for girls, Jamaica Plain, 1867-68; sub-master English H. S., Boston, 1868-72; associate ed. The Massachusetts Teacher, 1870-71; studied theology; licensed, O. 15, 1872; supt. of mission schools with charge of 1st Cong. Ch., Marion, Ala., under Amer. Miss'y Assoc., 1872-74; ordained there, F. 11, 1873; p. there, 1873-74; D. Columbiana, Ala., S. 24, 1874. Married N. 27, 1863, Lucy Jane, da. of Lewis W. Hayden, Bridgewater, who d. S. 24, 1874. Adams, Edward Hitchcock. S. of Prof. Charles Baker (A. C. 1834) and Mary (Holmes), b. Middlebury, Vt., Aug. 18, 1842. M. D., Gerogetown U., Washington, D. C., 1876. Prepared Williston Sem.; A. C., 1858. Clerk in drug store, S. K. Orr, Amherst, 1862-63; surgical steward on U. S. steamer Pembina, 1863; U. S. steamer Wachusetts, 1865-68; apothecary U. S. Naval Hospital, Washington, D. C., 1868-76; practised med. Amherst, 1876-. Bro. Henry (A. C. ex 1869). Alvord, Augustus. B. Bolton, Conn., Aug. 30, 1834. Prepared Monson Acad.; A. C., 1856, 1859-60. Studied theology, Theological Institute, Conn.; 1st Conn. Heavy Artillery, Hartford, Conn., 1863; Chaplain 31st Regt. U. S. C. T., 1865; served with U. S. Christian Commission in Tex., 1865-66; s. s. Marlboro, Vt., 1866-67; Ridgebury, Conn., 1867-71; W. Suffield, Conn., 1871-73; Cummington, 1873-74; W. Granville, 1874-79; Hillsboro Centre, N. H., 1880-. Burt, Ansel Oscar. S. of Bartholomew. b. Taunton, Aug. 10 ,1840. Prepared Parsonage School, Taunton, under Dr. H. B. Wheelwright; A. C., 1858; grad. Brown, 1863. Prin. Provincetown H. S., 1865-68; Summer St. School, Taunton and sub-master Taunton H. S., 1870-91. D. Taunton, Jan. 21, 1903. Chase, Thomas Noyes. S. of Samuel S. and Eunice N. (Colby), b. W. Newbury, Jy. 18, 1838. Prepared Thetford (Vt.) Acad.; A. C., 1859-60; grad. Dartmouth, 1862. Prin. Royalton (Vt.) Acad., 1862-64; clerk U. S. General Post Office, Washington, D. C., 1864-69; prof. of Greek, Atlanta (Ga.) U., 1869-73; Indian agent Green Bay, Wis., 1873-74; erected buildings for Amer. Miss'y Assoc., New Orleans, La., Galveston, Tex., Mobile, Ala. and Nashville, Tenn., 1874-79; investigated missions in Africa for Amer. Miss'y Assoc., 1879-; r. Atlanta, Ga., 18(?)-99; in West and Atlanta, Ga., 1888-1905; Bellows Falls, Vt., 1905-12. Author many articles on education of the negro. D. Bellows Falls, Vt., Ap. 23, 1912. S. John H. (A. C. 1896). Cline, Edward Ebenezer. S. of Ebenezer H., b. So. Amenia, N. Y., Aug. 7, 1839. Prepared So. Amenia (N. Y.) Sem.; A. C., 1858-59. Farmer and merchant So. Amenia, N. Y., 1859-. Ewell, John Lewis. S. of Samuel, b. Byfield, S. 4, 1840. Prepared Dummer Acad., Byfield,; A. C., 1858; Yale, 1865. Corp., 60th Mass. Inf., 1864; taught Chambersburg, Penn.; Nashville, Tenn.; Washington U., St. Louis, Mo.; prin. Prep. Dept. Nashville U., Tenn., 6 mos.; grad. Andover T. S., 1870; p. Waverly. 1874-78; 2nd Ch. Millbury, 1878-. D. 1910. Farr, George. Fish, Dyer Ball Nelson. S. of Dr. Seth, b. No. Amherst, Aug. 10, 1838. Prepared Shelburne Falls Acad. and Conn. Literary Institute; A. C., 1858-59. Taught in N. J., 1 yr.; grad. Berkshire Med. Coll., 1862; Asst. Surgeon, 27th Mass. Vols., 1863; Surgeon, 1864; practised med. No. Amherst, 1865-72; Amherst, 1872-. D. 1895. Ch. Henry S. (A. C. ex 1888). Ford, Henry Allen. S. of Alven, b. Ithaca, N. Y., S. 24, 1838. M. A., Kalamazoo Coll., 1870. Delta Upsilon. Prepared with private tutors and at Eureka Coll., Ill.; A. C., 1858. Studied law U. of Mich., 1859-60; taught Gregory's Commercial Coll., Kalamazoo, Mich., 1860-61; admitted to bar there, 1861; local ed. The Telegraph and Gazette there, 1861-62; 2nd Lieut., 19th Mich. Vols., 1862; 1st Lieut. and Capt.; captured, Thompson's Station, Tenn., 1863 and in Libby Prison, 2 mos.; practised law Niles, Mich., 1865-67; supt. of schools. Berien Co., Mich., 1867-71; ed. and pub. Mich. Teacher, 1876; Northern Ind. Teacher, 1874-76; Kalamazoo Daily and Weekly Telegraph, 1875-77; educational news ed. Educational Weekly, Kalamazoo, Mich.; conducted Teachers' Institutes. D. O. 23, 1894. Gerrish, John Wesley Dame. S. of John, b. F. 4, 1838. Registered from W. Lebanon, Me. A. C., 1859-62. D. Ap. 14, 1862. Goddard, John. S. of Warren and Mary (Tobey), b. No. Bridgewater (Brockton), O. 9, 1839. Delta Upsilon. Prepared No. Bridgewater Acad.; A. C., 1858. Studied theology with Rev. Warren Goddard; s. s. Yarmouthport, Bridgewater, Salem; Minneapolis and St. Paul, Minn.; ordained, F. 4, 1866; p. New Jerusalem Ch., Cincinnati, O., 1866-. Address, Newtonville. Hale, Eben Thomas. B. Newburyport, May 9, 1842. A. C., 1859-60; grad. Yale, 1862. Priv., Co. A., 45th Mass. Vols.; grad. Harvard L. S., 1865; manufactured stationery, Boston. D. Newburyport, S. 7, 1868. Hall, Joseph Francis. B. Jamestown, N. Y., Ap. 9, 1837. Prepared Randolph (N. Y.) Acad.; A. C., 1858. In brother's store and manufacturer of tinware, Jamestown, N. Y., 1858-61; Sergt. Co. F, 112th N. Y. Vols.; clerk Adj. General's office, Washington, D. C. D. Jamestown, N. Y., Aug. 13, 1864. Ham, Chauncey Van Vliet. S. of Isaac, b. May 25, 1836. Registered from Schodack, N. Y. A. C., 1858-59. D. Jan. 1, 1860. Henderson, Thomas. S. of Horace, b. Sunderland, N. 24, 1835. Psi Upsilon. Prepared Williston Sem.; A. C., 1858-59. Grad. Berkshire Med. Coll., 1862; asst. surgeon U. S. A., 1863-65; practised Easthampton, 1863-64; Boston, 1865-70; Waltham, and Lake Forest, Ill., 1870-78; Chicago, Ill., 1878-. Hunt, Moses Nowell. S. of Dr. Ebenezer, b. Danvers, D. 11, 1839. Prepared Holton H. S., Danvers and New Hampton, N. J.; A. C., 1859-61. Grad. Harvard Med. School, 1867; practised St. Louis, Mo. D. St. Louis, Mo., N. 17, 1873. Maynard, Edward. S. of Horace (A. C. 1838) and Laura Ann (Washburn), b. Knoxville, Tenn., F. 3, 1843. Alpha Delta Phi. Prepared with private tutor; A. C., 1858-60. 1st E. Tenn. Regt.; 2nd Lieut.; Adj. and Lieut. Col., 1861-65; on Gov. Brownlow's staff, 18 mos.; U. S. Consul to Turk's Island, B. W. I., 1866-68. D. Grand Turk, B. W. I., Jan. 10, 1868. Bro. James (A. C. 1874). Merriam, Ephraim. S. of Marshall, b. Pittsburgh, Penn., D. 9, 1838. Prepared Normal Institute, Merrimack, N. H. and New Ipswich (N. H.) Acad.; A. C., 1858-1860. Grad. Dartmouth Med. School, 1863; practised Lunenburg; asst. surgeon 40th Mass. Vols. and in Washington (D. C.) Hospital, 1864-66; practised Washington, 1866-95. D. Washington, D. C., N. 30, 1895. Morris, Edward. S. of Henry (A. C. 1832), b. Springfield, Jan. 16, 1841. Psi Upsilon. Prepared Springfield and Williston Sem., Easthampton; A. C., 1858-60. 46th Mass. Vols., 1862-63; read law with father Springfield; admitted to bar, Je. 30, 1864; practised Springfield. Parker, John Davis. S. of J. B., b. Boston, Mch. 11, 1840. Prepared Exeter (N. H.) Acad. and Salem H. S.; A. C., 1858. Asst. supervisor of U. S. Treasury Dept. in S. C., yr. or two; manufacturer of "safe and jewelry boxes," Boston. Payson, Elliott. S. of Thomas Elliott (A. C. 1834) and Hannah (Brown), b. Aug. 29, 1842. Registered from Rowley. A. C., 1858-59. Served on Tecumseh, Western Gunboat Fleet. D. Caior, Ill., Mch. 24, 1863. Pettengill, Samuel Barrett. S. of Jonathan S. and Sally (Barrett), b. Grafton, Vt., F. 7, 1839. Prepared Burr Sem., Manchester, Vt.; A. C., 1859. Co. B, 7th Squadron, R. I. Cavalry, 4 mos.; Princeton T. S., 1863-65; Andover T. S., 1866; s. s. Upper Missouri Valley, 1866-67; Little Sioux, Ia., 1867-68; Royalton, Vt., 1868; farmer Grafton, Vt., 1868-74; s. s. Rutland, Vt., 1874; ed. and part proprietor Rutland (Vt.) Daily and Weekly Herald, 1874-77; ed.-in-chief Herald and Globe, 1877-79; ed. St. Albans (Vt.) Messenger, 1879-83; Portland Oregonian, Portland, Ore., 1883-86; Daily News and Daily Ledger, Tacoma, Wash., 1887-90; Everett (Wash.) Herald; r. Saxtons Rivert, Vt., 1895-1909. Author The College Cavaliers; The Mistakes of Prohibition; Chinese Immigration. D. Saxtons River, Vt., O. 22, 1909. Pierce, Gardner Carpenter. S. of Rev. Willard, b. Foxboro, F. 22, 1838. M. D., Harvard, 1866. Prepared Abington H. S.; A. C., 1858; grad. Dartmouth, 1863. Grad. Harvard Med. School, 1866; practised Ashland, 1866-. D. Boston, May 18, 1900. Richardson, George Lovell. S. of Joseph S., b. E. Medway, Mch. 9, 1838. A. C., 1858-59; grad. Dartmouth, 1862. Taught Sherborn H. S., 1862; Wrentham (Norfolk) and Abington, 1863-64; in grocery business Chicago, Ill., 1864-66; taught Abington Centre H. S., 1866-. D. Abington, N. 12, 1899. *Saunders, Erastus Huntington. B. New London, Conn., F. 5, 1838. Prepared New London, Conn., A. C., 1858-61; grad. Yale, 1863. Taught Westchester, Penn., 1863-64; Tarrytown, N. Y., 1864-65; grad. General Episcopal T. S., N. Y. City, 1868; ordained deacon, Prot. Episcopal Ch., N. Y. City, 1868; priest, Ap., 1869; asst. p. St. Mary's Ch., Brooklyn, L. I. and supt. St. Mary's School and Kindergarten, 1868-69; rector Windham, Conn., 1869-71; W. Burlington, N. Y., 1871-72; Calvary Ch., Cairo, N. Y., 1872-73; St. Marks, Green Island, N. Y., 1873-74; asst. p. Ch. of the Heavenly Rest, N. Y. City, 1874-75; rector Rutherford Park, N. J., 1875-77; asst. p. St. Ann's Ch., Brooklyn, N. Y., 1877-78; rector Holy Trinity, Greenport and St. Mary's Shelter Island, 1878-. D. 1902. Sherman, Edward Hyde. S. of John N., b. Wayland, N. 7, 1836. Prepared Wayland H. S. and with private tutor; A. C., 1858. Farmer, 1858-63; manufacturer of straw goods, 1863-. Stevens, Frederick Augustus. S. of Joseph C., b. May 10, 1839. Registered from Bangor, Me. A. C., 1859. Col., Me. Regt. during Civil War; freight agent Toledo, Wabash and Wester R. R., St. Louis, Mo., 18(?)-77. Tate, Absalom Humphreys. B. Greensboro, N. C., S. 9, 1841. Prepared New Garden (N. C.) School; A. C., 1858-59. Farmer and merchant; manufacturer of woollen goods, Charlotte, N. C.	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line53
__label__cc	0.594486	0.405514	What is the ACP Group? The African, Caribbean and Pacific Group of States (ACP) is an organisation created by the Georgetown Agreement in 1975. It is composed of African, Caribbean and Pacific States signatories to the Georgetown Agreement or the Partnership Agreement between the ACP and the European Union, officially called the "ACP-EC Partnership Agreement" or the "Cotonou Agreement". What is its purpose? The ACP Group´s main goals are : sustainable development of its Member-States and their gradual integration into the global economy, which entails making poverty reduction a matter of priority and establishing a new, fairer, and more equitable world order ; coordination of the activities of the ACP Group in the framework of the implementation of ACP-EC Partnership Agreements; consolidation of unity and solidarity among ACP States, as well as understanding among their peoples ; establishment and consolidation of peace and stability in a free and democratic society. Who are its members? The ACP Group consists of 79 Member-States, all of them, save Cuba, signatories to the Cotonou Agreement which binds them to the European Union: 48 countries from Sub-Saharan Africa, 16 from the Caribbean and 15 from the Pacific. List of ACP Countries Angola - Antigua and Barbuda - Belize - Cape Verde - Comoros - Bahamas - Barbados - Benin - Botswana - Burkina Faso - Burundi - Cameroon - Central African Republic - Chad - Congo (Brazzaville) - Congo (Kinshasa) - Cook Islands - Cte d'Ivoire - Cuba - Djibouti - Dominica - Dominican Republic - Eritrea - Ethiopia - Fiji - Gabon - Gambia - Ghana - Grenada - Republic of Guinea - Guinea-Bissau - Equatorial Guinea - Guyana - Haiti - Jamaica - Kenya - Kiribati - Lesotho - Liberia - Madagascar - Malawi - Mali - Marshall Islands - Mauritania - Mauritius - Micronesia - Mozambique - Namibia - Nauru - Niger - Nigeria - Niue - Palau - Papua New Guinea - Rwanda - St. Kitts and Nevis - St. Lucia - St. Vincent and the Grenadines - Solomon Islands - Samoa - Sao Tome and Principe - Senegal - Seychelles - Sierra Leone - Somalia - South Africa - Sudan - Suriname - Swaziland - Tanzania - Timor Leste - Togo - Tonga - Trinidad and Tobago - Tuvalu - Uganda - Vanuatu - Zambia - Zimbabwe The Group was originally created with the aim of coordinating cooperation between its members and the European Union. Its main objective was to negotiate and implement, together, cooperation agreements with the European Community. Over the years, the Group extended its range of activities. Since then, cooperation among its members has gone beyond development cooperation with the European Union and covers a variety of fields spanning trade, economics, politics and culture, in diverse international fora such as the World Trade Organisation (WTO). Beginning of ACP-EU cooperation Cooperation between the European Union and the ACP Group began in 1975 with the First Lome Convention but the origin of this type of partnership dates back to the birth of Europe itself as an organised regional entity. In fact, as soon as the Treaty of Rome was signed in 1957, it created an avenue for cooperation with the Overseas Countries and Territories (OCTs) of the six signatory countries: Germany, Belgium, France, Italy, Luxembourg and Holland, i.e. essentially West and Central African countries with ties to France. Regime of Association and the Yaoundé Conventions A "Regime of Association" was devised in 1957 and endowed with resources from the first European Development Fund (EDF). In 1963 and 1969 18 African States and their six European counterparts signed the First and Second Yaoundé Conventions, supported by resources from the 2nd and 3rd EDF respectively. The agreements were geared mainly towards financial, technical and trade cooperation, primarily in the sectors of economic and social infrastructure. The United Kingdom´s accession to the European Community in 1973 paved the way for the extension of the Europe-Africa cooperation to the Commonwealth countries, whether African, Caribbean, or Pacific. Later on, Spain´s accession would also have an impact on the membership of the ACP Group. The Georgetown Agreement, the Group´s fundamental charter, which was signed in 1975 at the time the First Lome Convention came into force, laid down the rules for cooperation between the countries of three continents, the main link being shared aid from the European Community. The Lome Conventions With the signature of the first Lome Convention in 1975, the number of signatory countries rose to 46 on the ACP side and 9 on the European side. Lome II was signed by 58 ACP States in 1980 and Lome III by 65 ACP countries and 10 European States in 1985. These three Conventions, each spanning a five-year period, were accompanied by the 4th, 5th and 6th EDFs. These were implemented until 1990, year in which Lome IV was signed, during the negotiation of which events occurred that would rock Central and Eastern Europe as symbolized by the fall of the Berlin Wall. ACP-EU cooperation has been able to keep the lid on non-politicization. The most notable achievement of ACP-EU cooperation is that it introduced a new type of relationship between rich and poor countries based on solidarity and partnership, an independent involvement in political arrangements which can boost bilateral relations. The Lome conventions granted non-reciprocal trade preferences to ACP countries. They included many more innovations than the Yaoundé Conventions. For example, agricultural sectoral programmes first appeared in the Lome Conventions. In addition, a compensatory mechanism was created under Stabex to offset losses in export earnings due to price fluctuations. From Lome I to Lome IV Improvements were added from one convention to the next without causing any major disruptions. Lome II saw the appearance of Sysmin, a mechanism similar to Stabex, but for mining products. The negotiation of that convention, signed in 1984, in the middle of a decade characterised by a quest for viability and efficiency, was marked by the calling into question of the effectiveness of aid. Emphasis was placed on food self-sufficiency for ACP countries. The expression "political dialogue", or policy dialogue, made its appearance in Lome III, but political dialogue would only really be introduced in Lome IV. Negotiated during the turmoil of 1989, that Convention enshrined respect for Human Rights as a fundamental clause. In the meantime, the structural adjustment established by the Bretton Woods Institutions had been supported by Europe and was therefore taken on board in Lome IV. The major innovation of that Agreement still remains its duration. Signed for a 10-year period, it included two 5-year Financial Protocols and the 7th and 8th EDFs. Lome IV was signed by 68 ACP countries and 12 EU Member-States. The negotiation of the second financial protocol led to more changes than had been anticipated. The European public displayed a certain lack of interest in cooperation at the end of the Cold War. The clause on respect for Human Rights and democratic principles was by then an essential aspect of cooperation, and measures for the suspension of aid made their appearance. Review of Lome IV Lome IV bis, which was signed in 1995, saw the number of signatory countries move to 70 for the ACP and 15 on the EU side, and distinguished itself by the importance accorded to decentralised cooperation and the role of civil society. Twenty years of Europe-ACP cooperation and the consolidation of solidarity among ACP countries had forged a cohesive bond which made the breaking up of the ACP bloc or any weakening of the ACP entity quite unthinkable. The Cotonou Agreement Negotiation of the Cotonou Agreement was fraught with obstacles and took place in the midst of a period of global orthodoxy. The benefits and opportunities of the liberal economic system are undeniable but the constraints and lack of insight inherent in some economic policies imposed in different places have been counter-productive and resulted in the failure of the World Trade Organisation´s Ministerial Conference in Seattle, which enabled all involved to become more aware and to include a social agenda in economic adjustments. It is in the wake of this transformation that the Cotonou Agreement was signed by 77 ACP countries on 13 June 2000. Cuba, candidate to the Agreement was, unfortunately, unable to sign it. Nonetheless, the ACP Group decided to include Cuba, in the hope that the problems which prevented its accession to the ACP-EU partnership would be resolved in the near future. The last country to become a member of the ACP Group was Timor Leste. It is affiliated with the Pacific region. It became an ACP Member-State in 2003, shortly after its independence. The Cotonou Agreement, by its very existence, represents a significant success for the ACP Group. It was forged from the Group´s determination to maintain its solidarity - a solidarity which certainly convinced the ACP States´ European partners. In addition, the Agreement, despite not meeting all the ACP demands, took on board their fundamental concerns. First of all by its duration - twenty years- sufficient time to enable ACP Member-States to get onto the road to development and, especially, to become smoothly integrated into the global market. Indeed, the Agreement envisages the removal of non-reciprocal trade preferences granted ACP countries, but only after a long transition period. In fact, Economic Partnership Agreements (EPA) will be negotiated between the European Union and ACP countries between September 2002 and the end of 2007, following which they will come into force. Economic Partnership Agreements (EPA) The ACP-EU Economic Partnership Agreements (EPA) are supposed to be special trade agreements which, like the Cotonou Agreement that spawned them, aim mainly to ensure the development of ACP countries and their gradual integration into the global economy. They must be compatible with the rules of the World Trade Organisation. In addition to the gradual nature of any trade liberalisation among ACP countries, the EPAs must fulfill a second criterion, i.e. asymmetry, which means that they must take account of the difference in the levels of social and economic development between the European Union and ACP countries. At the same time, the European Union will assist ACP countries and businesses to implement the necessary structural and macro-economic reforms, by building their capacities so as to enable them to better cope with the challenges of competition and globalization. This transitional phase of ACP-EU trade cooperation from 2000-2007 required the approval of the WTO, which was hard-won. In November 2001, the determination of the ACP countries, bolstered by the unstinting support of the European Union at the 4th WTO Ministerial Conference, enabled them to claim a decisive victory, perhaps for their future: they obtained a WTO waiver for the trade chapter of the Cotonou Agreement. On that occasion, the ACP Group stood out as one of the emerging Groups from the developing world. It was firm but realistic, opting resolutely for free trade while remaining determined to protect its vital interests. Innovations of the Cotonou Agreement Apart from its relatively long duration (20 years instead of 5 years as for Lome I, II and III, and 10 for Lome IV), the main innovations of the Cotonou Agreement derive from the fact that it incorporates civil society and the private sector as new actors on the political level. They will, therefore, no longer be mere beneficiaries of cooperation, but feature among the managers, insofar as permitted by the prerogatives of governments, which are solely responsible for determining the main development policies for their countries. The major options within the Cotonou Agreement were not imposed on the ACP but constitute a deliberate choice and are part of the ongoing development of the Group´s member-countries, be it the choice of economic liberalisation or a stronger affirmation of political dialogue. This involves the democratization of ACP countries and the involvement of new actors in the implementation of cooperation. Almost all ACP member-countries had already undergone a political renewal prior to the signing of the Cotonou Agreement, and although some countries are still experiencing problems like civil war, they are increasingly few in number. The rise in democracy is seen particularly in the progressive development of the ACP-EU Joint Parliamentary Assembly, organ of cooperation between the European Parliament and parliaments of ACP countries, into a true Joint Parliamentary Assembly of democratically-elected parliamentarians, in keeping with the spirit and letter of the Cotonou Agreement. Government - civil society Partnership The serious economic crisis at the end of the 80s and 90s which saw civil society in ACP countries playing an increasingly active role in the fight against poverty, gave rise, inter alia, to dialogue between social actors and governments. Governments felt the need to harness the dynamism of all sectors of the society primarily with a view to reducing and ultimately eradicating poverty. As a result, as soon as the Cotonou Agreement was signed, the ACP Group took steps to encourage the organisation and strengthening of civil society and the ACP private sector. An ACP Civil Society Forum and a Private Sector Forum were set up by the ACP Group. These sectors now serve as mechanisms for implementing cooperation. Twenty-five years of cooperation have demonstrated that, albeit enabling developing countries to survive, aid cannot create development. Trade, by contrast, is a determining factor of development. The Cotonou Agreement promotes the strengthening of real economic partnership through new trade agreements, among other things. The Group has been making tremendous efforts to attract foreign investment and has been trying, therefore, to establish a favourable legal, economic and political environment to achieve that objective. ACP Summits Changes on the world scene at the end of the 80s, which saw the end of ideological bipolarisation, the economic problems of that era, and other factors prompted ACP Heads of State and Government to meet, for the first time, in Libreville, Gabon, in November 1997. At that 1st Summit, they laid down the guidelines for strengthening the Group by assigning more specific roles to the ACP organs and deciding to reform the General Secretariat by transforming it from a mere organ of support to the political bodies into an executive institution. The Group also decided to extend consultations among its member-countries to various fora such as the United Nations Organisation. The 2nd ACP Summit, held in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, in November 1999, gave even more precise directives for intra-ACP cooperation and broadening the scope of the Group which, while maintaining its privileged partnership with the European Union, needed to develop a dialogue with other blocs and make its voice heard in the new economic and geopolitical context. The affirmation of the ACP Group´s presence at the Ministerial Conferences of the World Trade Organisation, for example, (Doha, November 2001, and Cancun, September 2003) is the logical consequence of the Summit directives and their subsequent implementation. The 3rd Summit of ACP Heads of State and Government held in Nadi, Fidji, in July 2002, established guidelines in view of the negotiation of future ACP-EU Economic Partnership Agreements, with a view to positioning the ACP Group in the current economic and geopolitical context. The objectives of the ACP Group, as defined by the Georgetown Agreement, are to : Promote a new, fairer and more equitable world order ; ; Promote and strengthen solidarity among ACP States, and understanding between ACP peoples and governments ; Contribute to the development of important and close economic, social and cultural relations among developing countries and develop cooperation among ACP States in the areas of Trade, Science and Technology, Industry, Transport, Education, Training and Research, Information and Communication, the Environment, Demography and Human Resources ; Contribute to the promotion of regional, inter-regional, and effective intra-ACP cooperation among ACP States, generally among developing countries, and strengthen the regional organisations of which they are members ; Define common positions of ACP States vis-à-vis the EEC in areas covered by the Lome Convention and on relevant issues debated in international fora, which may influence the implementation of the Lome Convention ; Ensure achievement of the objectives of the Lome Convention ; and Coordinate the activities of ACP States in the framework of the application of the Lome Convention. Signing of the Treaty of Rome which established the European Community, and contains a section on cooperation with Overseas Countries and Territories (OCTs). Creation of the "Regime of Association" with resources from the 1st European Development Fund (EDF). Signing of the 1st Yaoundé Convention by 18 African States and 6 European countries, supported by resources from the 2nd EDF. That Agreement, like the 2nd Yaoundé Convention, was designed mainly for financial, technical and trade cooperation primarily in the sectors of economic and social infrastructure. Signing of the 2nd Yaoundé Convention supported by the 3rd EDF. Accession of the United Kingdom to the European Community opens the way for the extension of Europe-Africa cooperation to Commonwealth countries in Africa, the Caribbean and the Pacific. Signing of the Georgetown Agreement - the founding Charter of the Group. It defines the rules governing cooperation among the countries of the 3 continents whose main link was the sharing of aid from the European Community. Entry into force of the Lome Convention - signed by 46 ACP countries and 9 European States - which marks the beginning of cooperation between Europe and the ACP Group. The Convention grants non-reciprocal trade preferences to ACP countries and establishes Stabex: compensatory mechanism for loss of export earnings due to price fluctuations. It is coupled with the 4th EDF. Signing of the 2nd Lome Convention by 58 ACP countries (coupled with the 5th EDF). Appearance of Sysmin : mechanism similar to Stabex, created for mining products. Signing of the 3 rd Lome Convention by 65 ACP countries and 10 European States, (6th EDF). Emphasis is placed on food self sufficiency in ACP countries. Signing of the 4th Lome Convention which introduces a political dimension to cooperation. Signing of the 4th Lome Convention bis by 70 ACP countries and 15 European countries. The Convention emphasizes the importance of decentralised cooperation and the role of civil society. 1st ACP Summit in Libreville, Gabon, to consider how to strengthen the Group. 2nd ACP Summit in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, with the theme: "On the road to the 3rd millennium". Signing of the Cotonou Agreement by 77 ACP countries, which provides for the abolition of non-reciprocal trade preferences after a transition period of ACP-EU trade cooperation. During that time, from September 2002 to the end of 2007, Economic Partnership Agreements (EPAs) will be negotiated between the European Union and ACP States. The ACP States obtain a waiver from the rules of the World Trade Organisation (WTO) on the trade chapter of the Cotonou Agreement at the 4th WTO Ministerial Conference. 3rd ACP Summit in Nadi, Fiji, with the theme: "ACP Solidarity in a globalized world". The Summit defined guidelines for the Group in view of the negotiations for the Economic Partnership Agreements (EPA). Start of negotiations for Economic Partnership Agreements (EPA) in Brussels. 1st meeting of ACP Ministers of Culture Start of EPA negotiations with the regions of West and Central Africa. Start of EPA negotiations with the regions of East and Southern Africa Source URL: http://acp.int/node/7	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line54
__label__wiki	0.978213	0.978213	Review > Follow Robbie Robertson "Extraordinary" The Last Waltz Review By David Bezanson The Band were one of the best rock groups of the '60s and '70s, creating a unique brand of music that incorporated elements of folk, blues, and soul -- ironically, at the time when those elements were being squeezed out of rock by groups such as Led Zeppelin and Pink Floyd. Unfortunately, the Band's music didn't have much influence on the way future music would develop. But The Last Waltz, a concert film of the Band's 1976 farewell performance, remains an essential artwork. The film is a reminder that while they lasted, the Band (guitarist Robbie Robertson, drummer Levon Helm, keyboardists Garth Hudson and Richard Manuel, and bassist Rick Danko) was as good as any group in rock history. The Band got famous by backing up Bob Dylan during the mid-'60s, and Dylan plays a set in The Last Waltz. Other geniuses of '70s rock also perform in the film, including Eric Clapton, Joni Mitchell, Van Morrison, and Neil Young, along with a one-song cameo from blues legend Muddy Waters (doing "Mannish Boy"), one of his last recorded performances. Martin Scorsese mostly keeps the camera on the music, except for interludes of interviews with the Band members, mostly Robertson. The anecdotes and Robertson's myth-making commentary are entertaining and respectful. The result is one of the best concert films in rock music history. When the music's over, extinguish the bong. Genre: Documentaries Run time: 117 mins In Theaters: Wednesday 26th April 1978 Box Office Worldwide: $322 thousand Distributed by: MGM Production compaines: FM Productions, Last Waltz Inc. Contactmusic.com: 4.5 / 5 Rotten Tomatoes: 98% Fresh: 43 Rotten: 1 IMDB: 8.2 / 10 Director: Martin Scorsese Producer: Robbie Robertson Starring: Robbie Robertson as Himself, Rick Danko as Himself, Levon Helm as Himself, Richard Manuel as Himself, Garth Hudson as Himself, Eric Clapton as Himself, Neil Diamond as Himself, Bob Dylan as Himself, Neil Young as Himself, Joni Mitchell as Herself, Emmylou Harris as Herself, Ringo Starr as Himself, Paul Butterfield as Himself, Malcolm John Rebennack, Jr. as Himself, Van Morrison as Himself, Ronnie Hawkins as Himself, Mavis Staples as Herself, Roebuck 'Pops' Staples as Himself, Muddy Waters as Himself, Ronnie Wood as Himself, Michael McClure as Himself, Lawrence Ferlinghetti as Himself, Martin Scorsese as Himself, Jim Gordon as Himself, Howard Johnson as Himself, Tom Malone as Himself, Richard Cooper as Himself, Jerry Hey as Himself, Charlie Keagle as Himself, Larry Packer as Himself Also starring: Dr John Star Wars: The Last Jedi Movie Review After the thunderous reception for J.J. Abrams' Episode VII: The Force Awakens two years ago,... Daddy's Home 2 Movie Review Like the 2015 original, this comedy plays merrily with cliches to tell a silly story... The Man Who Invented Christmas Movie Review There's a somewhat contrived jauntiness to this blending of fact and fiction that may leave... Ferdinand Movie Review This animated comedy adventure is based on the beloved children's book, which was published in... Brigsby Bear Movie Review Director Dave McCary makes a superb feature debut with this offbeat black comedy, which explores... Battle of the Sexes Movie Review A dramatisation of the real-life clash between tennis icons Billie Jean King and Bobby Riggs,... Shot Caller Movie Review There isn't much subtlety to this prison thriller, but it's edgy enough to hold the... The Disaster Artist Movie Review A hilariously outrageous story based on real events, this film recounts the making of the... Stronger Movie Review Based on a true story about the 2013 Boston Marathon bombing, this looks like one... Wonder Movie Review This film may be based on RJ Palacio's fictional bestseller, but it approaches its story... Happy End Movie Review Austrian auteur Michael Haneke isn't known for his light touch, but rather for hard-hitting, award-winning... Patti Cake$ Movie Review Seemingly from out of nowhere, this film generates perhaps the biggest smile of any movie... The Limehouse Golem Movie Review A Victorian thriller with rather heavy echoes of Jack the Ripper, this film struggles to...	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line58
__label__cc	0.579387	0.420613	پاسپورت الکترونیک Embassy of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, Kuala Lumpur The official website of the Embassy of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan About Afghanistan The Minister of Foreign Affairs Afghanistan-Malaysia relations The Embassy of the I.R of Afghanistan celebrated 100th Anniversary of the Independence of Afghanistan in Kuala Lumpur Chairman’s Statement – The Kabul Process for Peace & Security Cooperation Transcript of Remarks Delivered by H.E. Mohammad Ashraf Ghani, President of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan At the Munich Security Conference 2017 Afghanistan, Turkmenistan open first rail link Transcript of President Ashraf Ghani’s Remarks at the Brussels Conference on Afghanistan Joint Communiqué Issued at the Brussels Conference on Afghanistan 97th Independence Day Celebration Afghanistan’s Revenue Turnaround in 2015 Translation of President Mohammad Ashraf Ghani’s Remarks at the Inauguration Ceremony of Afghanistan-India Friendship Dam President Ghani and PM Modi, inaugurate Salma Dam in Herat – Afghanistan Home - Articles - EU starts a new initiative to strengthen Afghanistan’s trade capacities EU starts a new initiative to strengthen Afghanistan’s trade capacities The European Union announced a new initiative, called Afghanistan: Trade for Economic Growth (ATEG), which will focus on strengthening the country’s trade capacities and helping it become a vibrant regional economic hub. “The EU is determined to ensure that Afghanistan can benefit from the opportunities arising from greater participation in international trade and enhanced regional economic integration. This project will help improve national capacities to design and implement a coherent export strategy and it will help develop and implement a regulatory framework that will guide the reform agenda of the Afghan Government to improve trade links and cooperation,” said EU’s Ambassador to Afghanistan Excellency Franz-Michael Skjold Mellbin. Following the Brussels Conference on Afghanistan, the three-year project will be implemented by the International Trade Center (ITC) with collaboration from the Ministry of Commerce and Industries at a total cost of USD 4.7mn. The ATEG will focus on trade for economic growth, job creation and poverty reduction. It will work on implementing trade policies and strategies by building the capacity of policy makers and ensuring private-sector participation in the process. The initiative will also provide training to government officers on trade policy and trade negotiations. The launch of the project follows a detailed needs-assessment mission carried out by ITC in 2015. Over the life of the project ITC will focus on developing and implementing a national export strategy for the Government of Afghanistan with a special focus on agricultural exports and provide training to government officers on trade policy and trade negotiations. ITC will also support the establishment of a National Trade Facilitation Committee, building the capacity of SMEs to comply with cross-border procedures and requirements, and improving mechanisms needed to ensure a constructive public-private dialogue. The intervention is recognition of ongoing efforts by the Afghan government to use trade as driver of economic growth, regional cooperation and stability. Afghanistan acceded to the World Trade Organization (WTO) in July 2016 and has placed trade and regional economic cooperation at the heart of its development strategy. Its first action after acceding to the WTO was to ratify the body’s Trade Facilitation Agreement. “International trade is a crucial tool to ensure economic growth and job creation. Trade is a means for Afghanistan’s to move away from dependency on aid and on a path towards a future built on engagement with other countries that will help bring stability to the country and to the region,” said Humayoon Rasaw, Afghanistan’s Minister of Commerce and Industries. To ensure sustainability, local ownership and long-term impact of the project, ITC will be working with a range of partners, including the private sector, non-governmental organizations, academia and civil-society organizations based in Afghanistan. “Situated at heart of the old Silk Road, Afghanistan is a country shaped by trade. It is a country with huge untapped resources and, by putting in place the right policies and mechanisms, we aim to build a better and more stable Afghanistan that once again finds it place in the global trading system,” ITC Executive Director Ms. Arancha González. source: www.wadsam.com Embassy of the I.R. of Afghanistan organized the First Afghanistan-Malaysia Business Forum International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) opens office in Kabul Afghan marble traders sign multiple contracts at Indian tradeshow Several USAID beneficiary traders of marble, onyx and lapis from Afghanistan signed a number of ... Afghan President Mohammad Ashraf Ghani and his Turkmen counterpart Gurbanguly Berdymukhamedov officially inaugurated the first ... Historic Bamiyan joins UNESCO’s Creative Cities Network The historic city of Bamiyan has now joined UNESCO’s Creative Cities Network which consists of ... Draft agreement on five nation Lapis-Lazuli route signed Saffron cultivated lands in Afghanistan up by 800 hectares this year Ambassador Spingar Presents His Credential to Malaysia Agong Embassy of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan: 13th Floor, Wisma Sin Heap Lee, 346 Jalan Tun Razak, 50400 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Tel: (0060) (03)21616400 / (0060) (03)21610278 Fax: (+60) (3) 21610325	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line59
__label__wiki	0.944844	0.944844	Ayotte: Bury it all along state roads - "We're worth it." Press and social media coverage of U. S. Senator Kelly Ayotte's hike in the White Mountain National Forest along the proposed Northern Pass route, August 28, 2014. At the crossing of Reel Brook Trail and proposed Northern Pass route, Easton, Senator Ayotte is briefed by officials of the Appalachian Mountain Club, Forest Society, Easton Select Board and Conservation Commission (Twitter photos) At the Reel Brook Crossing in Easton From "News From Senator Ayotte's Office," August 29, 2014 Ayotte: All Of Northern Pass Should Be Buried EASTON, N.H. -- Coming off a hike to the Kinsman Ridge, near where Northern Pass towers would go, U.S. Sen. Kelly Ayotte, R-NH, issued her strongest position to date on the line - that all of it should be buried, along highway corridors. "My concern is that a big part of New Hampshire and its natural beauty are being jeopardized by the height of the towers," Ayotte said Thursday afternoon to a group of more than a dozen at Easton Town Hall. The Northern Pass hydroelectric transmission line proposes 180 miles of steel towers about 100 feet high, a portion of which would pass through Easton and the White Mountain National Forest. Ayotte underscored the concerns of thousands of residents across the state about devaluation of properties near the line, scarring of the natural landscape, and a negative impact on the tourist industry. "This is about all of us," she said. "It's not just the North Country." As examples that burial can be done with existing technology, she pointed to other transmission line projects, such as the Champlain-Hudson Power Express in Vermont - initially proposed as an overhead line before aesthetic and other concerns arose - that will include more than 130 miles of line buried along transportation corridors. "My view is that's what should be done here, but right now we have not seen that alternative produced," said Ayotte. Northern Pass, a subsidiary of Northeast Utilities, is proposing its line mostly along the existing Public Service of New Hampshire right-of-way, a route that, according to federal filings, would generate about $10 billion in known revenue for NU during the 40-year term of the line. But if the Champlain Valley is worth line burial, so is the North Country and New Hampshire, she said. Of New Hampshire's mountains and landscape, she said, "It's a big part of our economy and who we are." "It's a great resource we all enjoy and has been a great driver of economic strength," said Ayotte, pointing to the millions of tourists who flock annually to the region. She said Thursday's hike, with members of the Easton Conservation Commission, gave her the opportunity to see the potential impact. If the Canadian hydro-power is to be imported, Ayotte said I-91 in Vermont or I-93 in New Hampshire should be studied in earnest. In attendance Thursday were state Rep. Sue Ford, D-Easton, and Andy Smith, owner-broker of Peabody and Smith Reality. Smith said local properties near where the line would go are already seeing a detrimental impact to their value. He also called northern New Hampshire's unspoiled beauty a legacy. "This is not just a local issue," said Smith. "It's a New Hampshire problem and a New Hampshire legacy we would not get back." Ford said a recent law has changed the process of the N.H. Site Evaluation Committee, the state permitting agency for energy projects that must now have two members from the public. Next legislative session, a bill will be written to create an energy corridor along highways, she said. For Northern Pass to go through, it must obtain many permits, chief among them a Presidential Permit from the U.S. Department of Energy, which is currently putting together an Environmental Impact Study on the project. On Aug. 18, the New Hampshire Delegation to Washington D.C., which includes Ayotte, U.S. Sen. Jeanne Shaheen, D-NH, and U.S. Democratic Reps. Ann Kuster and Carol Shea-Porter, wrote to the DOE about its scoping report alternatives addendum issued May 1. To the agency, the delegates said there are two key elements that were not part of the addendum that warrant consideration and study. "Specifically, the report does not call for a comprehensive study of the burial of transmission lines along existing highway corridors, nor does it consider a second international crossing other than the crossing at Hall's Stream in Pittsburg," they said. "These two alternatives were not included in the addendum despite the large number of public comments at the scoping hearings requesting investigation into the possibility of these two options." As senator, Ayotte said she will push DOE to be more transparent and open and also push for a thorough study of entire line burial along transportation corridors. "This is how the project should be done if it is to go forward," Ayotte said at the Easton gathering. "We're worth it." Sen. Ayotte addresses group at the Easton Town Hall after hiking the proposed Northern Pass route on the Reel Brook Trail in Easton/WMNF (BNP photo) Ayotte says Northern Pass lines should be buried beneath roads John Koziol Union Leader To get a first-hand perspective of where in Easton the proposed Northern Pass transmission project would go, U.S. Sen. Kelly Ayotte took a hike in the Gingerbread Road area of Easton Thursday and then told a group of pass opponents at Easton Town Hall that the entire transmission line should be buried beneath state roads. (JOHN KOZIOL/Union Leader Correspondent) EASTON — Citing a precedent in New York and echoing a recommendation by the town’s Conservation Commission, U.S. Sen. Kelly Ayotte (R-N.H.) on Thursday said the Northern Pass transmission project should be entirely buried beneath New Hampshire’s roads. Appearing at Easton Town Hall Thursday afternoon, just minutes after having hiked through the Gingerbread Road area to get a closer look at how Northern Pass would affect this town of 270 people, Ayotte said the beauty of the White Mountains should and could be preserved and that the Northern Pass could proceed if the transmission lines were buried “along an existing highway corridor.” That point, as well as a suggestion that Northern Pass consider a second international crossing other than that at Hall’s Stream in Pittsburg, was made in an Aug. 18 letter from Ayotte and the rest of the state’s Congressional delegation to the U.S. Department of Energy. Northern Pass would bring hydroelectricity from Quebec into the U.S. along a 187-mile long line in New Hampshire. Northeast Utilities, the corporate parent of Public Service of New Hampshire and Northern Pass Transmission LLC, has an agreement with HydroQuebec for it to lease the Northern Pass transmission lines. Proponents say the $1.4 billion project will create 1,200 construction jobs, put 1,200 megawatts of renewable electricity into the New England power grid, and, over its 40-year life, will generate some $1 billion in new municipal property tax revenues in New Hampshire. Opponents of Northern Pass have criticized its intrusion into and despoilment of the North Country, both esthetically and economically. A presidential permit is needed to allow Canadian power to come into the U.S. and the review process also involves the Department of Defense and the Secretary of State, both of which, Ayotte explained, typically defer to the DOE in energy-transmission cases. Ned Cutler, who chairs Easton’s Board of Selectmen, said that in 2012 the Town Meeting voted unanimously to say it opposed Northern Pass unless it was buried underground. He said yesterday that several property owners have already asked the selectmen how to get abatements because they expected a drop in the assessed values of their properties should Northern Pass go through town above ground. In 2013, the Easton Conservation Commission took upon itself the task of finding an alternative route for Northern Pass through town and last November it came up with a recommendation that sounded a lot like Ayotte’s on Thursday: bury Northern Pass along the Interstate 93 corridor between Bethlehem and Woodstock, thereby entirely avoiding Easton and the White Mountain National Forest in which it sits. The bury-it-under-the-road approach gained traction earlier this month when the DOE, in reviewing the proposed Champlain Hudson Power Express, which would bring power from Canada to the New York Metro Area, said burying 141 miles of the 336-miles of transmission lines under existing highways would be a good idea. Both Cutler and Conservation Commission Chair Roy Stever said they’d like to see Ayotte push for burying Northern Pass and Ayotte said she would. The technology exists to bury the transmission lines, Ayotte said, adding that the Easton Conservation Commission recognized that fact as did the DOE with the Champlain Hudson Power Express project. What the conservation commission proposed just in Easton should be done down the entire length of Northern Pass, said Ayotte, and the DOE should require Northern Pass to study it, and then, ultimately, it should do it. “We’re worth it,” said Ayotte, noting that the New York transmission project was also intended to run above ground, but didn’t. After a burst of polite applause died down, Ayotte continued that “This is obviously a very important issue to the Town of Easton and the state.” “This is about all of us,” she said, “not just the North Country.” Senator Ayotte talks with residents of Gingerbread Village, Easton, which would be severely affected by proposed Northern Pass towers (Twitter photo) Ayotte: Bury it all along state roads - "We're wor...	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line62
__label__wiki	0.845358	0.845358	Sydney Suburbs continued: Castlecrag, Castlereagh, Casula CASTLECRAG: Castlecrag is a suburb on the lower North Shore of Sydney, New South Wales, 8 kilometres north of the Sydney central business district, in the local government area of the City of Willoughby. It shares its postcode, 2068, with the surrounding suburbs of Willoughby, Middle Cove and North Willoughby. Name origin: Castlecrag was originally planned by the husband and wife team, Walter Burley Griffin and Marion Mahony Griffin who named the suburb after a towering crag of rock overlooking Middle Harbour, known locally as Edinburgh Castle. The Griffins came to Castlecrag in 1925 after tiring of the politics surrounding implementation of their designs for Australia's capital city, Canberra. Griffin (November (1876 – 1937), an American architect and landscape architect, is not only known known for designing Canberra, Australia's capital city. He has also been credited with the development of the L-shaped floor plan, the carport and an innovative use of reinforced concrete. He worked in partnership with his wife Marion Mahony Griffin (1871-1961). In 28 years they designed over 350 buildings, landscape and urban-design projects as well as designing construction materials, interiors, furniture and other household items. Griffin was captivated by Sydney Harbour and its natural beauty when he arrived in Australia in 1913. He was, however, dismayed at the mediocre standard and style of most Sydney suburbs with their red roofs and grid [pattern streets. When he finished in Canberra in 1920 he and his wife put their energies into developing a residential development that was sympathetic to beautiful natural harbor environment. He formed a company, the Greater Sydney Development Association (GSDA) with some investors and secured an option to purchase 263 hectares (650 acres) of land with 6.44 kilometres (4 miles) of water frontage which included large portions of the areas now known as Castlecrag, Castle Cove and Middle Cove. The Griffins believed that better suburban environments could be created by careful planning that respected the landscape character of an area itself together with the provision of community open spaces within an increased number of allotments. These theories were to be tested and proven in his work at Castlecrag. The Griffins sought to keep the existing bushland canopy of Castlecrag’s sandstone peninsula as intact as possible. Their aim of conserving the significant landscape resources was original. No other development company in the history of Sydney has ever given such a fantastic gift to future residents: interlocked open spaces and over four miles of almost continuous open space along the foreshore. The subdivided lots were subject to covenants that required approval for the design of buildings, placed restrictions on roofing materials and required owners adjoining reserves to contribute to their management and upkeep. The controls were to ensure that buildings harmonised with the natural landscape. At first the houses so designed and built were unpopular, the design being too advanced for the period. When Griffin left for India in 1936 less than 20 had been built. Later attitudes changed and the elegance of the suburb made it renowned. Unfortunately subsequent development often has been unsympathetic to the Griffins’ vision to the detriment of the suburb and a loss to the community as a whole. There has since been development in Castlecrag that has not respected the Griffin ideals. However, the Willoughby City Council is aware of the importance of Castlecrag and has imposed controls over development in the area. The purpose of the controls is to preserve the character of Castlecrag, encouraging the construction of buildings, which respect the original houses designed by Griffin and Mahony Griffin, and the natural landscape. The streets in the southern older, portion of the suburb were named after parts of a castle: The barbette, The Barbican, The Barricade, The Bartizan, The Bastion, The Battlement, The Bulwark, The Citadel, The High Tor, The Outpost, The Palisade, The Parapet, The Postern, The Rampart, The Redoubt, The Scarp, The Tor Walk and Sortie Port. There are also Tower, Casement, and Turrett Reserves, and the main street through the centre is Edinburgh Road. Grant House, 8 The Parapet Walter Burley Griffin and Marion Mahony Griffin moved to Castlecrag in 1924 and lived in this house until 1935. A Griffin house at Castlecrag Some Castlecrag houses and scenes: CASTLEREAGH: Castlereagh is a suburb of Sydney, New South Wales, 67 kilometres north-west of the Sydney central business district, in the local government area of the City of Penrith. It is part of the Greater Western Sydney region. The suburb is one of the most historic sites in Australia's colonial history, being one of the five Macquarie towns officially proclaimed on 6 December 1810. Governor Lachlan Macquarie recorded the following in his journal "the Township for the Evan or Nepean District I have named Castlereagh in honor of Lord Viscount Castlereagh", Secretary of State for War and the Colonies 1805–1806. The earliest known European development was the building of Hadley Park, between what is now Castlereagh Road and the Nepean River. Charles Hadley was given a grant in 1803, and his house, Hadley Park, was built c.1806. It still stands, largely intact. Circa 1822, Nepean Park, also situated on Castlereagh Road, was built by convict labour for John Single. A notable two-storey farmhouse in the Georgian style, it was acquired by the Dixon family in 1934. Hadley Park Nepean Park CASULA: Casula is located 4 kilometres south-west of the Sydney central business district, in the local government area of the City of Liverpool. Casula is named for a land grant to Richard Guise, a member of an ancient French family. He called his grant Casula after the place where he had lived in England. The area became dominated by poultry farming, market gardening and fruit growing. Another notable farm was Glenfield Farm, which dates from circa 1817. Situated in Leacocks Lane, it originally belonged to Charles Throsby, a member of the Legislative Council and an explorer. The farm is the oldest continuously worked farm in Australia and is listed on the Register of the National Estate. During World War I, a large Australian Imperial Forces recruitment and training reserve was located in Casula - a fact reflected by the name of one of its major residential streets, "Reserve Road". This camp became briefly notorious in 1916 when a large mob of soldiers rebelled against the strict training regimen, marched on nearby Liverpool, ransacked and looted several pubs, hijacked several trains to Central station in Sydney and continued their drunken rioting, resulting in the Military Police shooting dead one rioter. Soldiers strike, 14 February 1916, which turned into a r,iot, As each train from Liverpool arrived in Sydney, more drunken troops swarmed into different parts of the city causing havoc and damage in every direction. Train services from Liverpool were eventually suspended but not before the area from Central Station to Circular Quay had been virtually taken over by the rioters. Hotels were raided and those that tried to close their doors soon found them smashed and their bars filled with drunken men taking what they wanted. One group marched on Tooth’s Brewery at Broadway and another invaded the Queen Victoria Markets and ransacked the stalls. Italian and Greek shops were a particular target. Regent Street Police Station was attacked in a vain attempt to rescue rioters who had been arrested. The German Club in Phillip Street was attacked, as was Kleisdorff’s tobacco shop at the corner of Hunter and Castlereagh Streets. The crowds of sightseers who turned out to watch the fun hampered the efforts of police to control the rioters. In the early evening soldiers were hurriedly brought in from the camp at the Sydney Showgrounds. This force, plus the debilitating effects of drunkenness on the rioters, enabled the authorities to herd most of them back to Central Station for the return journey to Liverpool. Late in the evening, a still angry mob at the station threw missiles at the police and the military pickets. In the chaos, shots rang out and Ernest William Keefe, a 20-year-old trainee in the Light Horse, was killed, while seven in the crowd, including a civilian, were wounded. This incident had a sobering effect on the mob; some surrendered reasonably quietly to the police and many returned to their camp to recover from the excitement of the day and to sleep off their alcoholic excess. In the weeks that followed, courts martial resulted in the discharge of 279 trainees. Civil courts convicted 36 on charges including riotous behaviour, assaulting police, malicious damage and indecent language. The majority were sentenced to one or more months of hard labour while the ring leaders' sentences were up to five years. Most of the rioters escaped further discipline because of the authorities’ urgent need to meet recruiting targets; instead they were sent to the war. At the coronial inquiry into Keefe’s death the acting city coroner said: It is to be hoped that the mutinous soldiers will, by their bravery on the battlefield, wipe out the stigma attaching to their name, owing to their participation in these calamitous proceedings. The riot had one unexpected result. The widespread drunkenness and the resulting destruction and damage not only alarmed the New South Wales Government but provided ammunition for the temperance movement to press its long-held case for restrictions on the availability of alcohol. Four months after the riot a referendum approved the 6pm closing of all hotels and pubs. The Bulletin denounced the link as hysterical, saying pub hours were no more to blame than the railway timetable, but six o’clock closing remained in force in New South Wales until 1955. It became known as The Six O'Clock Swill, the binge drinking between finishing work at 5,00pm and the closing of the pubs at 6.00pm. In 1918, Walter Ingham Sr. bought 42 acres (170,000 m2) of bush land in Casula as a gift to 18-year-old son, Walter. On his death in 1953, his sons Jack and Bob took over the small chicken breeding operation and built it into the largest producer of chickens and turkeys in Australia. Inghams Enterprises is now headquartered in Liverpool. Being heavily farmed, the area did not become suburbanised until the late 1950s. Much of the acreage in the central and southern portions were subdivided and developed over the next few decades but even now there are pockets of undeveloped land. Posted by BytesMaster at 12:32 AM 100 Greatest Replies: 5-8 More Farting by Graham English can be Thoroughly Tough Bytes and Pieces: Architecture More Ugly Belgian Houses More anti-Brexit signage Banksy's Store . . . Aesop's Fables: The Horse and the Ass Quote for the dDay Street Art Murals Bytes and Pieces The Negotiable Cow For the Lawyers . . . Bytes & Pieces: Art Poem Spot 4 Line Poem of the Day "We Want Plates", revisited . . . Graham's Farts, Part 1 Errol Flynn and more Michael Curtiz and some quotes Parking Revenge Quote(s) for the Day Sydney Suburbs continued: Castlecrag, Castlereagh,... From the Vault: The Bulletin Debate Some haiku Brexit for Dummies Brett's Monthly and Charlie's Bits . . .	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line63
__label__wiki	0.81059	0.81059	Stellar population Artist's conception of the spiral structure of the Milky Way showing Baade's general population categories. The blue regions in the spiral arms comprise the younger Population I stars, while the yellow stars in the central bulge are the older Population II stars. In reality, many Population I stars are also found mixed in with the newer Population II stars. During 1944, Walter Baade categorized groups of stars within the Milky Way into stellar populations. By the way, in the abstract of the article by Bade, he recognizes that Jan Oort originally conceived this type of classification in 1926: "[...] The two types of stellar populations had been recognized among the stars of our own galaxy by Oort as early as 1926"[1]. Baade noticed that bluer stars were strongly associated with the spiral arms and yellow stars dominated near the central galactic bulge and within globular star clusters.[2] Two main divisions were defined as Population I and Population II, with another newer division called Population III added in 1978,[3] which are often simply abbreviated as Pop I, II or III. Between the population types, significant differences were found with their individual observed stellar spectra. These were later shown to be very important, and were possibly related to star formation, observed kinematics,[4] stellar age, and even galaxy evolution in both spiral or elliptical galaxies. These three simple population classes usefully divided stars by their chemical composition or metallicity.[5][4] By definition, each population group shows the trend where decreasing metal content indicates increasing age of stars. Hence, the first stars in the universe (very low metal content) were deemed Population III, old stars (low metallicity) as Population II, and recent stars (high metallicity) as Population I.[6] 1 Stellar development 1.1 Formation of the first stars 1.2 Formation of the observable stars 2 Chemical classification by Baade 2.1 Population I stars 2.2 Population II stars 2.3 Population III stars Stellar developmentEdit Observation of stellar spectra has revealed that stars older than the Sun have fewer heavy elements compared to the Sun.[4] This immediately suggests that metallicity has evolved through the generations of stars by the process of stellar evolution.[2] Formation of the first starsEdit Under current cosmological models, all matter created in the Big Bang was mostly hydrogen (75%) and helium (25%), with only a very tiny fraction consisting of other light elements. e.g. lithium and beryllium.[7] When the universe had cooled sufficiently, the first stars were born as Population III stars without any contaminating heavier metals. This is postulated to have affected their structure so that their stellar masses became hundreds of times more than that of the Sun. In turn, these massive stars also evolved very quickly, and their nucleosynthetic processes created the first 26 elements (up to iron in the periodic table).[8] Many theoretical stellar models show that most high-mass Population III stars rapidly exhausted their fuel and likely exploded in extremely energetic pair-instability supernovae. Those explosions would have thoroughly dispersed their material, ejecting metals into the interstellar medium (ISM), to be incorporated into the later generations of stars. Their destruction suggests that no galactic high-mass Population III stars should be observable.[9] However, some Population III stars might be seen in high-redshift galaxies whose light originated during the earlier history of the universe.[citation needed] None have been discovered, however, scientists have found evidence of an extremely small ultra metal-poor star, slightly smaller than our sun, found in a binary system of the spiral arms in our Milky Way.[citation needed] It was discovered while investigating the "wobble" of its larger neighboring star expecting to find a black hole. This star is very likely going to further our knowledge of Population III stars. Stars too massive to produce pair-instability supernovae would have likely collapsed into black holes through a process known as photodisintegration. Here some matter may have escaped during this process in the form of relativistic jets, and this could have distributed the first metals into the universe.[10][11][a] Formation of the observable starsEdit The oldest observed stars,[9] known as Population II, have very low metallicities;[6][13] as subsequent generations of stars were born they became more metal-enriched, as the gaseous clouds from which they formed received the metal-rich dust manufactured by previous generations. As those stars died, they returned metal-enriched material to the interstellar medium via planetary nebulae and supernovae, enriching further the nebulae out of which the newer stars formed. These youngest stars, including the Sun, therefore have the highest metal content, and are known as Population I stars. Chemical classification by BaadeEdit Population I starsEdit Population I star Rigel with reflection nebula IC 2118 Population I, or metal-rich, stars are young stars with the highest metallicity out of all three populations, and are more commonly found in the spiral arms of the Milky Way galaxy. The Earth's Sun is an example of a metal-rich star and is considered as an intermediate Population I star, while the solar-like Mu Arae is much richer in metals.[14] Population I stars usually have regular elliptical orbits of the galactic centre, with a low relative velocity. It was earlier hypothesized that the high metallicity of Population I stars makes them more likely to possess planetary systems than the other two populations, because planets, particularly terrestrial planets, are thought to be formed by the accretion of metals.[15] However, observations of the Kepler data-set have found smaller planets around stars with a range of metallicities, while only larger, potential gas giant planets are concentrated around stars with relatively higher metallicity — a finding that has implications for theories of gas giant formation.[16] Between the intermediate Population I and the Population II stars comes the intermediary disc population. Population II starsEdit Schematic profile of the Milky Way. Population II stars appear in the galactic bulge and within the globular clusters Population II, or metal-poor, stars are those with relatively little metal. These objects were formed during an earlier time of the universe. Intermediate Population I stars are common in the bulge near the centre of our galaxy, whereas Population II stars found in the galactic halo are older and thus more metal-poor. Globular clusters also contain high numbers of population II stars.[17] A characteristic of Population II stars is that despite their lower overall metallicity, they often have a higher ratio of alpha elements (O, Si, Ne, etc.) relative to Fe as compared to Population I stars; current theory suggests this is the result of Type II supernovae being more important contributors to the interstellar medium at the time of their formation, whereas Type Ia supernova metal enrichment came later in the universe's evolution.[18] Scientists have targeted these oldest stars in several different surveys, including the HK objective-prism survey of Timothy C. Beers et al. and the Hamburg-ESO survey of Norbert Christlieb et al., originally started for faint quasars. Thus far, they have uncovered and studied in detail about ten ultra metal poor (UMP) stars (such as Sneden's Star, Cayrel's Star, BD +17° 3248) and three of the oldest stars known to date: HE0107-5240, HE1327-2326 and HE 1523-0901. Caffau's star was identified as the most metal-poor star yet when it was found in 2012 using Sloan Digital Sky Survey data. However, in February 2014 the discovery of an even lower metallicity star was announced, SMSS J031300.36-670839.3 located with the aid of SkyMapper astronomical survey data. Less extreme in their metal deficiency, but nearer and brighter and hence longer known, are HD 122563 (a red giant) and HD 140283 (a subgiant). Population III starsEdit Possible glow of Population III stars imaged by NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope Population III stars[19] are a hypothetical population of extremely massive and hot stars with virtually no metals, except possibly for intermixing ejecta from other nearby Population III supernovas. Such stars are likely to have existed in the very early universe (i.e., at high redshift), and may have started the production of chemical elements heavier than hydrogen that are needed for the later formation of planets and life as we know it.[20][21] The existence of Population III stars is inferred from physical cosmology, but they have not yet been observed directly. Indirect evidence for their existence has been found in a gravitationally lensed galaxy in a very distant part of the universe.[22] Their existence may account for the fact that heavy elements – which could not have been created in the Big Bang – are observed in quasar emission spectra.[8] They are also thought to be components of faint blue galaxies. These stars likely triggered the universe's period of reionization, a major phase transition of gases leading to the opacity observed today. Observations of the galaxy UDFy-38135539 suggest it may have played a role in this reionization process. The European Southern Observatory discovered a bright pocket of early population stars in the very bright galaxy Cosmos Redshift 7 from the reionization period around 800 million years after the Big Bang. The rest of the galaxy has some later redder Population II stars.[23][20] Some theories hold that there were two generations of Population III stars.[24] Artist's impression of the first stars, 400 million years after the Big Bang Current theory is divided on whether the first stars were very massive or not; theories proposed in 2009 and 2011 suggest the first star groups might have consisted of a massive star surrounded by several smaller stars.[25][26][27] The smaller stars, if they remained in the birth cluster, would accumulate more gas and could not survive to the present day, but a 2017 study concluded that if a star of 0.8 solar masses or less was ejected from its birth cluster before it accumulated more mass, it could survive to the present day, possibly even in our Milky Way galaxy.[28] One proposal, developed by computer models of star formation, is that with no heavy elements and a much warmer interstellar medium from the Big Bang, it was easy to form stars with much greater total mass than the stars commonly visible today.[citation needed] Typical masses for Population III stars are expected to be about several hundred solar masses, which is much larger than that of current stars. Models place the maximum mass of a Population III star to ~1000 solar masses. Analysis of data of extremely low-metallicity Population II stars such as HE0107-5240, which are thought to contain the metals produced by Population III stars, suggest that these metal-free stars had masses of 20 to 130 solar masses.[29] On the other hand, analysis of globular clusters associated with elliptical galaxies suggests pair-instability supernovae, which are typically associated with very massive stars, were responsible for their metallic composition.[30] This also explains why there have been no low-mass stars with zero metallicity observed, although models have been constructed for smaller Pop III stars.[31][32] Clusters containing zero-metallicity red dwarfs or brown dwarfs (possibly created by pair-instability supernovae[13]) have been proposed as dark matter candidates,[33][34] but searches for these types of MACHOs through gravitational microlensing have produced negative results[citation needed]. Detection of Population III stars is a goal of NASA's James Webb Space Telescope.[35] New spectroscopic surveys, such as SEGUE or SDSS-II, may also locate Pop III stars.[citation needed] Stars observed in the Cosmos Redshift 7 galaxy at z = 6.60 may be Population III stars. Gibson, B.K.; et al. (2013). "Review: Galactic Chemical Evolution" (PDF). Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia. Retrieved 17 April 2018. Ferris, Timothy (1988). Coming of Age in the Milky Way. William Morrow & Co. p. 512. ISBN 978-0-688-05889-0. Rudolf Kippenhahn (1993). 100 Billion Suns: The Birth, Life, and Death of the Stars. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-691-08781-8. ^ It has been proposed that recent supernovae SN 2006gy and SN 2007bi may have been pair-instability supernovae where such super-massive Population III stars exploded. It has been speculated that these stars could have formed relatively recently in dwarf galaxies containing primordial metal-free interstellar matter; past supernovae in these galaxies could have ejected their metal-rich contents at speeds high enough for them to escape the galaxy, keeping the metal content of the galaxy very low.[12] ^ W. Baade (1944), "The Resolution of Messier 32, NGC 205, and the Central Region of the Andromeda Nebula", Astrophysical Journal, 100: 137–146, doi:10.1086/144650 ^ a b Shapley, Harlow (1977). Hodge, Paul (ed.). Galaxies (3 ed.). Harvard University Press. pp. 62–63. ISBN 978-0674340510. ^ Trager, S. C.; Faber, S. M.; Dressler, A. (2008). "The stellar population histories of early-type galaxies – III. The Coma cluster". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 386 (2): 715–747. arXiv:0803.0464. Bibcode:2008MNRAS.386..715T. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2008.13132.x. ^ a b c Gibson, B. K.; Fenner, Y.; Renda, A.; Kawata, D.; Hyun-chul, L. (2013). "Review: Galactic Chemical Evolution" (PDF). Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia. CSIRO publishing. 20 (4): 401–415. arXiv:astro-ph/0312255. Bibcode:2003PASA...20..401G. doi:10.1071/AS03052. Retrieved 17 April 2018. ^ D. Kunth & G. Östlin (2000). "The Most Metal-poor Galaxies". 10 (1). The Astronomy and Astrophysics Review. Retrieved 3 February 2015. Cite journal requires \|journal= (help) ^ a b Lauren J. Bryant. "What Makes Stars Tick". Indiana University Research & Creative Activity. Retrieved September 7, 2005. ^ Cyburt, Richard H.; Fields, Brian D.; Olive, Keith A.; Yeh, Tsung-Han (2016). "Big bang nucleosynthesis: Present status". Reviews of Modern Physics. 88 (1): 015004. arXiv:1505.01076. Bibcode:2016RvMP...88a5004C. doi:10.1103/RevModPhys.88.015004. ^ a b Heger, A.; Woosley, S. E. (2002). "The Nucleosynthetic Signature of Population III". Astrophysical Journal. 567 (1): 532–543. arXiv:astro-ph/0107037. Bibcode:2002ApJ...567..532H. doi:10.1086/338487. ^ a b Schlaufman, Kevin C.; Thompson, Ian B.; Casey, Andrew R. (2018). "An Ultra Metal-poor Star Near the Hydrogen-burning Limit". The Astrophysical Journal. 867 (2): 98. arXiv:1811.00549. Bibcode:2018ApJ...867...98S. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aadd97. ^ Fryer, C.L.; Woosley, S.E.; Heger, A. (2001). "Pair-Instability Supernovae, Gravity Waves, and Gamma-Ray Transients". The Astrophysical Journal. 550 (1): 372–382. arXiv:astro-ph/0007176. Bibcode:2001ApJ...550..372F. doi:10.1086/319719. ^ Heger, A.; Fryer, C.L.; Woosley, S.E.; Langer, N.; Hartmann, D.H. (2003). "How massive single stars end their life [sic]". The Astrophysical Journal. 591 (1): 288–300. arXiv:astro-ph/0212469. Bibcode:2003ApJ...591..288H. doi:10.1086/375341. ^ Clark, Stuart (February 2010). "Primordial giant: The star that time forgot". New Scientist. Retrieved 1 February 2015. ^ a b Salvaterra, R.; Ferrara, A.; Schneider, R. (2004). "Induced formation of primordial low-mass stars". New Astronomy. 10 (2): 113–120. arXiv:astro-ph/0304074. Bibcode:2004NewA...10..113S. doi:10.1016/j.newast.2004.06.003. ^ Soriano, M.S.; Vauclair, S. (2009). "New seismic analysis of the exoplanet-host star Mu Arae". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 513: A49. arXiv:0903.5475. Bibcode:2010A&A...513A..49S. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/200911862. ^ Charles H. Lineweaver (2000). "An Estimate of the Age Distribution of Terrestrial Planets in the Universe: Quantifying Metallicity as a Selection Effect". Icarus. 151 (2): 307–313. arXiv:astro-ph/0012399. Bibcode:2001Icar..151..307L. doi:10.1006/icar.2001.6607. ^ Buchhave, L.A.; et al. (2012). "An abundance of small exoplanets around stars with a wide range of metallicities". Nature. 486 (7403): 375–377. Bibcode:2012Natur.486..375B. doi:10.1038/nature11121. PMID 22722196. ^ T. S. van Albada; Norman Baker (1973). "On the Two Oosterhoff Groups of Globular Clusters". Astrophysical Journal. 185: 477–498. Bibcode:1973ApJ...185..477V. doi:10.1086/152434. ^ Wolfe, Arthur M.; Gawiser, Eric; Prochaska, Jason X. (2005). "DAMPED LYα SYSTEMS". Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics. 43 (1): 861–918. arXiv:astro-ph/0509481. Bibcode:2005ARA&A..43..861W. doi:10.1146/annurev.astro.42.053102.133950. ^ Tominga, N.; et al. (2007). "Supernova nucleosynthesis in population III 13-50 Msolar stars and abundance patterns of extremely metal-poor stars". Astrophysical Journal. 660 (5): 516–540. arXiv:astro-ph/0701381. Bibcode:2007ApJ...660..516T. doi:10.1086/513063. ^ a b Sobral, David; Matthee, Jorryt; Darvish, Behnam; Schaerer, Daniel; Mobasher, Bahram; Röttgering, Huub J. A.; Santos, Sérgio; Hemmati, Shoubaneh (4 June 2015). "Evidence for Pop III-like stellar populations in the most luminous Lyman-α emitters at the epoch of re-ionisation: Spectroscopic confirmation". The Astrophysical Journal. 808 (2): 139. arXiv:1504.01734. Bibcode:2015ApJ...808..139S. doi:10.1088/0004-637x/808/2/139. ^ Overbye, Dennis (17 June 2015). "Astronomers report finding earliest stars that enriched the cosmos". New York Times. Retrieved 17 June 2015. ^ R. A. E. Fosbury; et al. (2003). "Massive star formation in a gravitationally lensed H II galaxy at z = 3.357". Astrophysical Journal. 596 (1): 797–809. arXiv:astro-ph/0307162. Bibcode:2003ApJ...596..797F. doi:10.1086/378228. ^ "Best observational evidence of first-generation stars in the universe". ESO Astronomy magazine. 17 June 2015. ^ Bromm, V.; Yoshida, N.; Hernquist, L.; McKee, C.F. (2009). "The formation of the first stars and galaxies". Nature. 459 (7243): 49–54. arXiv:0905.0929. Bibcode:2009Natur.459...49B. doi:10.1038/nature07990. PMID 19424148. ^ Redd, Nola (February 2011). "The universe's first stars weren't loners after all". Space.com. Retrieved 1 February 2015. ^ Andrea Thompson (January 2009). "How massive stars form: Simple solution found". Space.com. Retrieved 1 February 2015. ^ Carr, Bernard J. "Cosmology, Population III". ^ Dutta J, Sur S, Stacy A, Bagla JS (2017). "Can population III stars survive to the present day?". arXiv:1712.06912 [astro-ph.GA]. ^ Umeda, Hideyuki; Nomoto, Ken'Ichi (2003). "First-generation black-hole-forming supernovae and the metal abundance pattern of a very iron-poor star". Nature. 422 (6934): 871–873. arXiv:astro-ph/0301315. Bibcode:2003Natur.422..871U. doi:10.1038/nature01571. PMID 12712199. ^ Puzia, Thomas H.; Kissler‐Patig, Markus; Goudfrooij, Paul (2006). "Extremely α‐Enriched Globular Clusters in Early‐Type Galaxies: A Step toward the Dawn of Stellar Populations?". The Astrophysical Journal. 648 (1): 383–388. arXiv:astro-ph/0605210. Bibcode:2006ApJ...648..383P. doi:10.1086/505679. ^ Siess, Lionel; Livio, Mario; Lattanzio, John (2002). "Structure, Evolution, and Nucleosynthesis of Primordial Stars". The Astrophysical Journal. 570 (1): 329–343. arXiv:astro-ph/0201284. Bibcode:2002ApJ...570..329S. doi:10.1086/339733. ^ Gibson, Carl H.; Nieuwenhuizen, Theo M.; Schild, Rudolph E. (2012). "Why are so many primitive stars observed in the Galaxy halo?". arXiv:1206.0187 [physics.gen-ph]. ^ Kerins, E. J. (1997). "Zero-metallicity very low mass stars as halo dark matter". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 322: 709. arXiv:astro-ph/9610070. Bibcode:1997A&A...322..709K. ^ Sanchez-Salcedo, F. J. (1997). "On the stringent constraint on massive dark clusters in the galactic halo". Astrophysical Journal Letters. 487 (1). L61. Bibcode:1997ApJ...487L..61S. doi:10.1086/310873. ^ Rydberg, C.-E.; Zackrisson, E.; Lundqvist, P.; Scott, P. (March 2013). "Detection of isolated Population III stars with the James Webb Space Telescope". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 429 (4): 3658–3664. arXiv:1206.0007. Bibcode:2013MNRAS.429.3658R. doi:10.1093/mnras/sts653. Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Stellar_population&oldid=935938097"	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line66
__label__cc	0.608848	0.391152	Update: Heroin Chic to Heroin Tit - Doherty Developments by DiS News February 3rd, 2005 Following his arrest on Wednesday evening, doe-eyed smackhead Pete Doherty now faces charges of blackmail & robbery. Doherty was arrested at a North London hotel on evening on suspicion of theft and assault. He spent the night in police custody. A Scotland Yard spokesman said then: "Police were called to a hotel in Peters Lane, London EC1, at 6.20pm yesterday (Tuesday February 2nd) following a report of a man being assaulted. A 25-year-old man was arrested on suspicion of assault occasioning actual bodily harm and theft". The spokesman added that a man in his 30s was taken to University College Hospital in central London with minor facial injuries but was understood to have been discharged. According to BBC News, Doherty will appear at Highbury Corner Magistrates' Court on Friday (February 4th) to answer the robbery & blackmail charges. Musician Alan Wass, 23, (nope, us neither) also of north London, will appear in court accused of the same offences. In other Doherty related news, tabloids have suggested he's going into rehab next week. Oh and he's getting married to girlfriend model Kate Moss and they're planning to spend some time in Russia. Good. That way we all get a break... from both of them...	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line68
__label__wiki	0.506462	0.506462	Evolution of Human Languages An international project on the linguistic prehistory of humanity coordinated by the Santa Fe Institute Languages of the World: Etymological Databases gstarst@santafe.edu Research Focus Area Taxonomy and Genetic Relationships Between Indo-Pacific Languages Timothy Usher, Santa Fe Institute The main object of this project is a better historical understanding of the relations between the vast language family of Indo-Pacific languages. Tim Usher has put together (in the form of several large electronic spreadsheets) an impressive collection of material from most of these languages, sufficient for a serious historic analysis of these relations. So far, he has managed to resolve the consonantal correspondences of the Halmaheran, South Bird’s Head, West Bomberai, Nimboran and Upper Tami groups and made substantial progress on the Timor-Alor-Pantar, Bird’s Head, East Bird’s Head, Mairasi-Tanah Merah, Kwerba, Tor, Pauwasi and Senagi groups. This has resulted in the generation of citable protoforms along with the resolution of a number of low-level classification issues and the correction of erroneous dialect assignations found in the literature. Altogether, these groups comprise the major western penninsulas of Irian Jaya (Bird’s Head, Bomberai) and the northern half of mainland Irian Jaya, and include some of the families whose classifications are most disputed (to the extent there has been a debate at all). Tim has developed a workflow system which exploit his pre-existing lexical databases with maximal efficiency, greatly reducing the time needed to discern and support proposed corespondences. The immediate goal of the project is to feasibly envision a preliminary reconstruction of all New Guinean families for which there is sufficient data. As correspondences are resolved and protoforms discovered, they are checked against Tim's vast lists of Greenberg-style comparisons in order to confirm or falsify previously proposed connections and to bring outcomparisons to bear on family-level issues. Slowly but surely, these lists are taking on the manner and reliability of an etymological dictionary, the ultimate goal of this project. This improved dataset will provide the basis for the definitive resolution of Indo-Pacific taxonomy at the highest levels, as well as providing ample source material for the reconstruction of the most ancient proto-languages.	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line72
__label__cc	0.624315	0.375685	Roatan is an island off the coast of Honduras in the Caribbean sea. It’s got clear blue waters, white sandy beaches and the standard Morcheeba tune playing out of every beach bar :) The island is pretty basic, to say the least, which explains my lack of updates. It’s taking us almost a month just to understand the process behind buying more credit for our internet sim card. Putting the difficulties aside it’s so laid back, there aren’t too many tourists, and it’s a diving mecca. Becoming qualified dive masters is the main aim of our stay, although we are booked to go fishing tomorrow… deep-sea fishing… how did I get roped in to that?! In true Baz style we’re always in search for a party, and boy have we found a few. Probably the best so far has been ‘party at the Petrosun’. Sounds more glamorous than it is, as Petrosun is a petrol station. Every year to mark their anniversary they set up a sound system outside and hundreds of people come down to party to reggae, needless to say we were in our element. We have made loads of friends already, there’s a village of around ten houses at the end of our driveway, most don’t have electricity and as they speak ‘Island-English’ it’s taken a while to acclimatise. There’s a fair few funny stories involved which I’ll save for another day. On a final note, we’re missing you all very much at this time of year, but at least it’s 29 degrees ;) See the full gallery on Posterous Enjoyed this post? Follow us to get more travel tips and news updates!	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line74
__label__cc	0.63161	0.36839	Home » 2013 Issues » Vol. 39, No. 174 (09/06/2013) » On September 5, 2013 the Division issued an order. The Final Order was in response to a Petition for an emergency Variance from Winter Haven MOB (2), filed August 22, 2013, and advertised on August 27, 2013 in Vol. 39, No. 167, of the Florida ... On September 5, 2013 the Division issued an order. The Final Order was in response to a Petition for an emergency Variance from Winter Haven MOB (2), filed August 22, 2013, and advertised on August 27, 2013 in Vol. 39, No. 167, of the Florida ... RULE NO.:RULE TITLE: 61C-5.001:Safety Standards The Department of Business and Professional Regulation, Division of Hotels and Restaurants, Bureau of Elevator Safety hereby gives notice: on September 5, 2013 the Division issued an order. The Final Order was in response to a Petition for an emergency Variance from Winter Haven MOB (2), filed August 22, 2013, and advertised on August 27, 2013 in Vol. 39, No. 167, of the Florida Administrative Register. No comments were received in response to the petition. The Final Order on the Petition for Variance grants the Petitioner a variance from Rule 2.10.2.1 and 2.4.6.2(c) ASME A17.1b, 2009 edition, as adopted by paragraph 61C-5.001(1)(a), Florida Administrative Code, that requires standard railing and top of car clearances and instead to install a folding car top handrail because the Petitioner has demonstrated that the purpose of the underlying statute has been met and that Petitioner would suffer a substantial hardship if required to comply with this rule (VW2013-283). A copy of the Order or additional information may be obtained by contacting: Mark Boutin, Bureau of Elevator Safety, 1940 North Monroe Street, Tallahassee, Florida 32399-1013. Mark Boutin, Bureau of Elevator Safety, 1940 North Monroe Street, Tallahassee, Florida 32399-1013.	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line76
__label__wiki	0.674554	0.674554	Expertise in Parkinson Disease: HELP Sonja W. Scholz Based on 14 articles published since 2010 (Why 14 articles?) HideThe current database of articles was compiled on: Thu Jan 9 06:37:06 2020 More database statistics are available. The expertise of Sonja W. Scholz ranks in the Top 1.4% ... of 88,588 published authors worldwide on Parkinson Disease ... from 2010 through 2020 ... based on contributions to 14 articles on the topic. Graphical view (beta) Longer horizontal black lines means more people have that level of expertise. Expertise level for Amount of (logarithmic) About your page. Aliases Scholz, Sonja W · Scholz, Sonja · Scholz, S Work Locations Most likely: National Institutes of Health Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. · Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. · Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. · 23andMe, Inc., Mountain View, CA, USA. · Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK. · Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA. · Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA. · Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. · Department of Neurology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel. · Movement Disorders Institute, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel. · The Joseph Sagol Neuroscience Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel. · The Danek Gertner Institute of Human Genetics, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel. · Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Unit, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. · Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. · Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands. · Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany. · German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tuebingen, Germany. · Centre for Genetic Epidemiology, Institute for Clinical Epidemiology and Applied Biometry, University of Tubingen, Germany. · Institute of Clinical Medicine, Department of Neurology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland. · Department of Neurology and Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland. · Department of Neurology, Helsinki University Hospital, and Molecular Neurology, Research Programs Unit, Biomedicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. · Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA. · Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA. · Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA. · Longitudinal Studies Section, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA. · Newcastle Brain Tissue Resource, Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK. · Department of Pathology (Neuropathology, Johns Hopkins University Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA. · Department of Neurology, Institute of Neurological Sciences, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK. · Inserm U1127, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR S1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Paris, France. · Preventive Neurology Unit, Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK. · Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK. · Department of Neurology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. · Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, USA. · Departments of Molecular and Human Genetics and Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, USA. · Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, USA. · Data Tecnica International, Glen Echo, MD, USA. · Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. · Pubmed 31755958 Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA. · Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain. · Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Unit, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA. · Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurología y Neurofisiología Clínica, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Seville, Spain. · Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain. · Fundació Docència i Recerca Mútua de Terrassa and Movement Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Mútua de Terrassa, Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain. · Neurodegenerative Disorders Area, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, San Sebastián, Spain. · Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain. · Plataforma de Genomica, Instituto de Investigacion Biodonostia, San Sebastián, Spain. · Unidad de Trastornos de Movimiento, Departamento de Neurologia, Hospital Universitario de Donostia, San Sebastián, Spain. · Genetics of Neurodegenerative Disorders Unit, IIB Sant Pau, and Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. · Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Sant Pau Hospital, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. · Lab. of Parkinson disease and Other Neurodegenerative Movement Disorders, IDIBAPS-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. · Unitat de Parkinson i Trastorns del Moviment. Servicio de Neurologia, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona and Institut de Neurociencies de la Universitat de Barcelona (Maria de Maetzu Center), Catalonia, Spain. · Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL) and Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain. · Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Asturias, Spain. · Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Asturias, Spain. · Departamento de Neurologia, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain. · Departamento de Neurologia, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain. · Servicio de Neurologia, Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain. · Centro de Investigacion Biomedica and Departamento de Fisiologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain. · Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitario San Cecilio, Granada, Universidad de Granada, Spain. · Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain. · Servicio de Neurología, Hospital General de Segovia, Segovia, Spain. · Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Malaga, Spain. · Departamento de Neurologia, Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, Madrid, Spain. · Departamento de Neurologia, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, Spain. · Department of Anatomy, Physiology & Genetics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA. · The American Genome Center, Collaborative Health Initiative Research Program, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA. · Neuromuscular Diseases Research Section, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA. · Computational Biology Group, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA. · Departamento de Ingeniería de la Información y las Comunicaciones, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain. · Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL, Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom. · Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom. · University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom. · Sandwell and West Birmingham Hospitals NHS Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom. · Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University College London, London, United Kingdom. · Department for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, and DZNE, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tübingen, Germany. · Data Tecnica International, Glen Echo, Maryland, USA. · Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. · Laboratorio de Neurogenética y Medicina Molecular, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain. · Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain. · Laboratorio de Genética, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Asturias, Spain. · Departamento de Neurociencias. UPV-EHU, Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitario Donostia, San Sebastián, Spain. · Pubmed 31660654 Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. · Department of Clinical Genetics, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. · Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA. · Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. · Department of Complex Trait Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. · Department for Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany. · DZNE, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Bonn, Germany. · Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany. · Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands. · Pattern Recognition and Bioinformatics, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands. · Research Center and Memory Clinic, Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain. · Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain. · Department of Neurology, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands. · Amsterdam UMC-Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. · Interdepartmental Program in Bioinformatics, University of California, Los Angeles, USA. · Neuropsychiatric Epidemiology Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, Centre for Ageing and Health (AgeCap) at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden. · Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany. · Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany. · German Competence Network Multiple Sclerosis (KKNMS), Munich, Germany. · Movement Disorders and Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Mutua de Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain. · Fundacio per la Recerca Biomedica I Social Mutua Terrassa, Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain. · German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE)-Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany. · Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany. · Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, IIB Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. · Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden. · Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden. · Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK. · The Danish Aging Research Center, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Biodemography, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark. · Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Unit, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD, 20892-3707, USA. · Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Biodemography, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark. · Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 3BZ, UK. · Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK. · Institut für Neuroimmunologie und Multiple Sklerose (INIMS), Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany. · Department of Pathology (Neuropathology), Johns Hopkins University Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA. · Instituto Biodonostia, San Sebastian, Spain. · University Hospital "Marques de Valdecilla", Santander, Spain. · IDIVAL, Santander, Spain. · Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health (ISAP), University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany. · Department of Neurology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany. · Department of Clinical Genetics, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. · Newcastle Brain Tissue Resource, Edwardson Building, Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE4 5PL, UK. · Cognitive Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitario San Sebastian, San Sebastian, Spain. · Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. · Department of Primary Medical Care, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany. · Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK. · Department of Neurology, Klinik für Neurologie mit Institut für Translationale Neurologie, University of Münster, Münster, Germany. · Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic Minnesota, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA. · Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA. · Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA. · Delft Bioinformatics Lab, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands. · Fundación Instituto Leloir-IIBBA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina. · Department of Neurology, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany. · Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. · Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitario San Sebastian, San Sebastian, Spain. · Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA. · Center of Neurology, Department of Neurodegenerative diseases, Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany. · MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK. · Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany. · Department of Sociology, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. · Research Unit of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark. · Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Copenhagen, Denmark. · Department of Public Health, Section of Epidemiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. · MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Bristol University, Bristol, UK. · Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark. · Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark. · Dutch Society for Research on Ageing, Leiden, The Netherlands. · Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. · Department of Clinical Genetics, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. · Pubmed 31131421 Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA. · Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Unit, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA. · 23andMe, Inc., Mountain View, California, USA. · Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia. · Department of Neurology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. · Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. · Department for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany. · German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany. · Centre for Genetic Epidemiology, Institute for Clinical Epidemiology and Applied Biometry, University of Tubingen, Germany. · Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. · Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. · Institute of Clinical Medicine, Department of Neurology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland. · Department of Neurology and Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland. · The Michael J Fox Foundation for Parkinson's Research, New York, New York, USA. · Preventive Neurology Unit, Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom. · Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom. · Parkinson's Disease Center and Movement Disorders Clinic, Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA. · Inserm U1127, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR S1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Paris, France. · Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands. · Department of Neurology, Helsinki University Hospital, and Molecular Neurology, Research Programs Unit, Biomedicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. · Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. · Department of Neurology, Institute of Neurological Sciences, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, United Kingdom. · Institute of Neuroscience & Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom. · Departments of Molecular & Human Genetics and Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA. · Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA. · Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom. · Mater Research, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. · Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia. · Department of Neurology & Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. · Data Tecnica International, Glen Echo, Maryland, USA. · Pubmed 30957308 Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Unit, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland. · Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland. · Department of Molecular Neurosciences, Institute of Neurology, University College London (UCL), London, United Kingdom. · Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada. · Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada. · Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Medicale U1127, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique-Unité Mixte de Recherché (UMR) 7225, Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre-et-Marie-Curie, University of Paris 06, UMR S1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Épinière, Paris, France. · Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. · Dementia Research Institute, UCL, London, United Kingdom. · Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom. · Department of Medical Sciences and Institute for Research in Biomedicine, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal. · Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York. · Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York. · Movement Disorders Institute, Department of Neurology and Sagol Neuroscience Center, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel. · Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. · Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. · Parkinson Institute of Milan, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Gaetano Pini/CTO, Milano, Italy. · Department of Neuroscience, Rita Levi Montalcini, University of Turin, Turin, Italy. · Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. · Department for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany. · Department of Clinical Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom. · Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland. · Data Tecnica International, Glen Echo, Maryland. · Pubmed 30039155 Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Unit, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. · Department of Molecular Neurosciences, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK. · Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. · Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Neurology & Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada. · Inserm U1127, CNRS UMR7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Paris, France. · Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. · Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA; Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA. · Department of Neurology and Sagol Neuroscience Center, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, The Movement Disorders Institute, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. · Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. · Parkinson Institute of Milan, ASST "Gaetano Pini/CTO", Milano, Italy; Department of Neuroscience, "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Turin, Italy. · Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. · Department for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Germany. · Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; Founder/Consultant with Data Tecnica International, Glen Echo, MD, USA. · Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Unit, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA. · Department of Molecular Neurosciences, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK. Electronic address: · Pubmed 29398121 Transgenics Section, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA. · Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Unit, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA. · Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. · Pubmed 29322595 Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Unit, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA. · Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA. · Contractor/consultant with Kelly Services, Rockville, Maryland, USA. · German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany. · Department of Pathology (Neuropathology), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. · Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany. · Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. · Pubmed 27987235 Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK. Electronic address: · Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. · Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK. · Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Group, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. · Pubmed 26589003 From the Department of Neurology (S.W.S.), Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore · Laboratory of Neurogenetics (S.W.S.), National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD · and Department of Neurology (B.S.J.), Seoul National University Hospital, Republic of Korea. · Pubmed 25653294 Probable: Johns Hopkins University Contact Department of Neurology, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria. Electronic address: · Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, Vienna, Austria. Electronic address: · Department of Neurology, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA. Electronic address: · Department of Neurology, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria. Electronic address: · Department of Neurology, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria. Electronic address: · Department of Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders, IRCCS San Camillo, Venice, Italy. Electronic address: · Department of Neurology, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria. Electronic address: · Department of Neurology, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria. Electronic address: · Pubmed 24894118 Probable: Georgetown University Contact Department of Neuroscience, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA. · Pubmed 22762024 Show MoreFewer Possible: University of Florida Contact 1Departments of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Center for Movement Disorders and Neurorestoration, University of Florida , Gainesville, FL , USA. · Pubmed 23767969 Possible: University of Helsinki Department of Neurology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, FIN-00290 Helsinki, Finland. · Pubmed 20399836 Specific Interests In the titles of their published articles, experts often reveal their very specific interests. Here are the titles of the 10 most recent articles (out of 14 total) written by Sonja W. Scholz about Parkinson Disease: Genetic modifiers of risk and age at onset in GBA associated Parkinson's disease and Lewy body dementia. 2020 The Genetic Architecture of Parkinson Disease in Spain: Characterizing Population-Specific Risk, Differential Haplotype Structures, and Providing Etiologic Insight. 2019 A nonsynonymous mutation in PLCG2 reduces the risk of Alzheimer's disease, dementia with Lewy bodies and frontotemporal dementia, and increases the likelihood of longevity. 2019 Parkinson's disease age at onset genome-wide association study: Defining heritability, genetic loci, and α-synuclein mechanisms. 2019 Frequency of Loss of Function Variants in LRRK2 in Parkinson Disease. 2018 Insufficient evidence for pathogenicity of SNCA His50Gln (H50Q) in Parkinson's disease. 2018 Identification of new α-synuclein regulator by nontraditional drug development pipeline. 2018 ADORA1 mutations are not a common cause of Parkinson's disease and dementia with Lewy bodies. 2017 Genome-wide estimate of the heritability of Multiple System Atrophy. 2016 GBA mutations and Parkinson disease: when genotype meets phenotype. 2015 Show List of Full Article Records Google Searches Learn more about Sonja W. Scholz using the ready-made Google searches below. This is essential! -- Publications never tell the whole story! General Search: Sonja W. Scholz, Parkinson Disease Scholz, National Institutes of Health Scholz, Parkinson Disease, National Institutes of Health Scholz site:nih.gov Scholz, Johns Hopkins University Scholz, Parkinson Disease, Johns Hopkins University Scholz site:jhu.edu Scholz site:jhmi.edu Scholz site:kennedykrieger.org Scholz, Georgetown University Scholz, Parkinson Disease, Georgetown University Scholz site:georgetown.edu Scholz site:georgetownuniversityhospital.org Affiliation Timeline Click for institutional directory in table below. (Not always available.) Yearly article counts 1 3 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 Remember this Person You can save this page -- like a bookmark -- so it's remembered for you on the Expertscape "Saved Pages" page, which is always easily available from the page-top menu bar throughout the site. Advice on picking experts · Advice on contacting experts	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line79
__label__cc	0.606745	0.393255	This is a mess. There were two fanzines, both published by Kevin Rattan in the early 80s, which shared an issue in common and which had three titles (Ad Nauseam, Don't Get Caught and Pelvic Wiggle Stamp) between them. 1 1980s 40 Ad Nauseam 1 1 1983 12 Don't Get Caught 1 2 June 1983 24 Don't Get Caught 2 but actually titled Pelvic Wiggle Stamp 2/3 October 1983 56 Ad Nauseam 2 AKA Don't Get Caught 3; Final issue of Ad Nauseam 4 January 1984 14 Don't Get Caught 4 5 May 1984 14 Don't Get Caught 5; Final issue Retrieved from "http://fancyclopedia.org/index.php?title=Ad_Nauseam&oldid=3812"	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line82
__label__wiki	0.808576	0.808576	West Ham captain Noble: Arsenal should have not let Jack Wilshere leave Eshlin West Ham captain Mark Noble believes that Arsenal were wrong to allow Jack Wilshere to leave them this summer. At the same time, he is glad to have the 26-year-old as a team-mate. Wilshere left his boyhood club during the summer and joined West Ham on a free transfer. The Englishman had been hoping to stay on with the Gunners due to his love for the club, however he eventually had no choice but to leave after manager Unai Emery did not provide him with assurances over first-team football. Wilshere is hoping to earn himself a recall to the England team and it was perhaps the best decision for him to leave the club and start afresh if he is to achieve his target. Once rated as the future of English football, Wilshere has sadly seen his career progress halted by a series of injury problems. Saturday will be a very emotional day for him as it will see him play against Arsenal for the first- time in his career. There is no doubt that he will be aiming to prove to Emery what he has missed, but if he does happen to score, he will probably not celebrate out of respect to the Arsenal fans and club. West Ham are targeting a strong finish on the top half of the standings this season. They should that they have big expectations for this season by hiring former Premier League manager Manuel Pellegrini to be their new boss as well as making a number of new signings during the summer transfer window. If one thing looks certain, it is that Wilshere is likely to be a key part of Pellegrini’s midfield this season. The veteran Noble is glad to have Wilshere as a team-mate. He told the London Evening Standard: “If I was the Arsenal manager, Jack Wilshere would be in my starting line-up for sure. “He’s had his injuries, but he is a fantastic player and we are glad to have him here. It will be strange for Jack going back to his old club this weekend. In my view, he needed to leave Arsenal — and he would probably say so himself: he was in a no-win situation there. “He had been there for a long time and every time I watched Arsenal play, the talk after would always be about Jack. It’s probably because he is English, but other players would give the ball away three or four times and the commentary would still be about Jack. Every time he made a bad pass, everyone said he was not good enough any more. Oh, come on! “I hope we can see the best of him here at West Ham. You forget sometimes that he is only 26. I am not cutting his career short, but he has probably got seven good years left. If he can play at West Ham for seven years, then he will have a great time here.” More in Arsenal Premier League preview: Arsenal vs Chelsea Arsenal and Chelsea will face each other in the final London derby before the... ‘Baller’, ‘Great attitude’, some Arsenal fans appreciate Martinelli’s display in Manchester City defeat A few Arsenal fans on Twitter have admired the attitude and workrate of Gabriel... Premier League: Arsenal player ratings vs Manchester City Arsenal’s bad run of form continued in the Premier League as they succumbed to... Three things Freddie Ljungberg could change with the interim managerial role at Arsenal Arsenal recently axed Unai Emery from the head coach position after the Spaniard failed... West Ham’s interest in veteran surely shows that things are bad German coach Low is angry with Arsenal’s Mesut Ozil	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line85
__label__cc	0.528605	0.471395	2020 NOMINATION COMMITTEE NOMINATIONS FOR THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS Clark, Joel: Following his service in the US Air Force Mr. Clark began work at General Finance where he had experience in both lending and collections. When working at TCE he used this experience as a volunteer at the credit union on the Credit Committee. Upon the closing of TCE Mr. Clark worked at Indiana Wesleyan University where he was able to obtain both a Bachelor and Master’s degree before his retirement. Mr. Clark is now a member of the Supervisory Committee and the Board at Fortress, and is the associate pastor at Back Creek Friends Church, and a committee member of Main Street Fairmount. Pearson, Kevin: Kevin was born and raised in Marion, IN. He is the son of Skip and Jane Pearson. He graduated from Marion High School in 1975 and has an Under Graduate college degree from the University of Indianapolis and a Masters Degree from Ball State University. Kevin is married with two children Keith and Leah. Kevin also has 5 grandchildren. Kevin is the owner and operator of Pearson Printing Company. Pearson Printing is a family business that has been in operation for 85 years in south Marion. Kevin taught and coached at the high school level for 17 years before taking over the family business in 1996. Kevin has served on the Board of Directors since August 2016. Shields, Dennis: Dennis was born and raised in Marion IN. He started at IN Business College, this is where he met his wife Sally. Dennis worked at RCA/Thomson for 15 years until the doors closed. Dennis retired from General Aluminum in 2009. Dennis and Sally have 2 children, 5 grandchildren and 2 great grandchildren. Dennis’ hobbies include hunting and fishing. Dennis is an Associate Member of the FOP, he is also a member of the American Legion. Dennis and Sally attend First Friends Church where he serves on the Board of the Little Friends Daycare. He is also on the Ministry and Oversight Committee. Dennis has served on the Board of Directors since February 2017. Prior to that he served as a member of the Supervisory Committee. © Fortress Federal Credit Union, 615 N. Western Ave., Marion, IN 46952, Phone: (765) 668-3313, FAX (765) 668-3319. All Rights Reserved. Unauthorized account access or use is not permitted and may constitute a crime punishable by law. Fortress Federal Credit Union respects your privacy. Please view our Privacy Policy and our fee schedule. Website Hosting and Design by: internet Computing Solutions - www.icoso.com	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line86
__label__wiki	0.707022	0.707022	Parma vs Juventus ITALY: Serie A 2019/2020 Free tip posted by : BetWayn Parma vs Juventus - Free Bets Claims League: ITALY: Serie A 2019/2020 Bet on Parma vs Juventus and claim your 100% bonus with Unibet.com ! Parma's biggest ever Italian Serie A defeat came at the hands of Juventus in a 7-0 loss in November 2014. Parma have won two of their last six home matches against Juventus in Italian Serie A (D2 L2), after they hadn't won any of the previous six (D3 L3). Juventus have won each of their three opening matches in a Italian Serie A season when they've played Parma (1990-91, 2011-12 and 2012-13). Parma have drawn the 60% of their season openers in Italian Serie A (15/25), the highest percentage among the current Italian Serie A teams (W5 L5). Parma have played at home 11 times on their opening match in a Italian Serie A season, collecting only one defeat (against Juventus in 1990/91); three wins and seven draws since. Juventus have won seven of their last eight season openers in Italian Serie A, losing the other against Udinese in 2015. Juventus are winless in their last five league matches (D3 L2): the last time the Bianconeri went six consecutive Italian Serie A matches without a win was in May 2009. 14 of Juventus' last 15 Italian Serie A goals against Parma have come from open play; the only exception was Rugani's goal via a corner last February. Parma's last seven goals against the Bianconeri have been scored in open play. Gervinho has scored three goals against Juventus in Italian Serie A, making them his favourite target in the Italian top-flight and the only side against whom he has scored a league brace for Parma. Juventus goalkeeper Gianluigi Buffon played his first 168 Italian Serie A matches with Parma before his move to the Bianconeri. We propose the best free betting tips for the event Parma vs Juventus, valid for the ITALY: Serie A 2019/2020, which will be played on 24.08.2019 17:00. Look for the best betting odds and offers of ITALY: Serie A 2019/2020 offered by the best bookmakers.	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line89
__label__cc	0.696923	0.303077	Encyclopedia > Stack The stack is a data structure which works in the principle of Last In First Out (LIFO). This means that the last item put on the stack is the first item that can be taken off, like with a real stack of plates. A stack-based system is one that is based on the use of stacks, rather than being register based[?]. The two main operations applicable to a stack are: push: an item is put on top of the stack, increasing the stack size by one. As stack size is usually limited, this may provoke a stack overflow if the maximum size is exceeded. pop: the top item is taken from the stack, decreasing stack size by one. In the case where there was no top item (i.e. the stack was empty), a stack underflow occurs. Some environments that rely heavily on stacks may provide additional operations, for example: dup: the top item is popped and pushed again twice, so that an additional copy of the former top item is now on top, with the original below it. swap or exchange: the two topmost items are exchanged. rotate: the three topmost items exchange places in a rotary fashion. Two variants of this operation are possible, most often called left and right rotate. Stacks are either visualised growing from the bottom up (like real-world stacks) or growing from left to right, so that "topmost" becomes "rightmost". This means that a right rotate will move the first element to the third position, the second to the first and the third to the second. Here are two equivalent visualisations of this process: apple banana banana ==right rotate==> cucumber cucumber apple cucumber banana apple ==right rotate==> apple cucumber banana A stack may be represented in computers inside block of memory cells, with the bottom at a fixed location, and a variable stack pointer to the current top cell. pushing first increases the top pointer by one, pointing it to the next cell, and then fills that with the new top value. poping first takes the top value, and then decreases the top pointer by one. Increasing and decreasing may be exchanged to yield a stack representation that grows from high addresses to lower ones. Many CPUs have registers that can be used as stack pointers. Some, like the x86, have special instructions that implicitly use a register dedicated the job of being a stack pointer. Others, like the PDP-11 and the 68000 family have addressing modes that make it possible to use any of a set of registers as a stack pointer. In application programs written in a high level language, a stack can be implemented efficiently using either arrays or linked lists. Calculators employing reverse polish notation use a stack structure to hold values. A number of computer languages are stack-oriented, meaning they define most basic operations (adding two numbers, printing a character) as taking their arguments from the stack, and placing any return values back on the stack. For example, PostScript has a return stack and an operand stack, and also has a graphics state stack and a dictionary stack. The Forth language uses two stacks, one for argument passing and one for subroutine return addresses. The use of a return stack is extremely commonplace, but the somewhat unusual use of an argument stack for a human-readable programming language is the reason Forth is referred to as a stack-based language. Many virtual machines are also stack-oriented: p-code machine, Java virtual machine. Almost all computer environments use a stack to hold information about procedure/function nesting. ... of the 2000 census, the town had a total population of 5,013. Geography Wheatley Heights is located at 40°45'43" North, 73°22'1" West (40.761998, ...	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line96
__label__wiki	0.711314	0.711314	In Berlin, refugees get classes on sexual consent AFP , Wednesday 31 Jul 2019 Germany's Scholz seeks to calm Gulf tension: Newspapers Germany's Wintershall Dea eyes increased investments in Egypt Germany's Merkel sees difficult talks to choose EU Commission head Germany's Ziegler and Egypt's Bavaria sign partnership agreement on manufacturing fire engines in Egypt In a classroom workshop, students watch a video of a man and woman meeting in a nightclub. The two drink, laugh, dance and kiss. The tone in the room and on the screen quickly changes when the man takes the woman home, locks the door and, when she attempts to leave, he rapes her. When the grim video ends, seven men in their thirties, refugees who have come to Berlin from Syria, Iraq or Afghanistan, are invited to react and comment. "She has had too much to drink, they are sleeping together," says one, convinced the man in the video took advantage of the young woman's drunkenness to abuse her. "He knew very well what he wanted," says another. At this point, the workshop's moderator, Carola Pietrusky-Niane, jumps in to explain that "it happens frequently in Berlin, young people drink a lot, take drugs," and in certain cases, this type of aggressive crime can happen. The participants in the four-hour course titled "Together for Security", which is currently only held in Berlin, have joined the class voluntarily. Germany's integration commissioner Annette Widmann-Mauz has called for such sex education classes to be more widely offered to refugees, following a gang rape case last year in Freiburg, in which 10 of 11 suspects are refugees. - Backlash - Several high-profile rape cases committed by migrants have stoked a backlash against the mass influx of a million asylum seekers to Germany since 2015. Mass assaults by recent migrants in Cologne on New Year's Eve 2015-2016, and a rape-murder in 2016 by an Afghan refugee, have been seized on by the far-right in its push against Chancellor Angela Merkel's decision to let in the newcomers. In Germany, there was a 15-percent rise in sex crimes committed by foreigners in 2018, 6,046 offences compared to 5,258 in 2017, according to federal statistics. The increase is largely due to stricter legislation since 2016, which made it easier to prosecute perpetrators of sex-related crimes. But the cases also underline the challenge of integrating large numbers of migrants, a big proportion of whom are young, single men from countries which would view Western norms as surprisingly liberal. In Norway, migrants were compelled to undergo similar courses between 2013 and 2015, after several rape cases involving refugees. - 'Don't get angry' - "These are difficult themes, speak freely," Pietrusky-Niane tells the group, as they discuss the video in a mix of German and Arabic. The session, attended by the seven single men, some of whom are fathers, was organised by the Norwegian group Hero, which manages several hostels for migrants in Germany. The topics in the workshop are broad with questions like: How do you know whether a woman is willing? And, how do you react if she isn't? Advice is given to refugees from countries where displays of affection are banned in public, boys and girls often attend separate schools and rape within marriage is not considered a crime. One of the short videos during the workshop spells out the difference between consensual sex and rape. "It's like asking a person if they want a cup of tea," says the voiceover in English. "If she answers 'Yes, I love it', it's because she wants one. "If she hesitates, you can make the tea and ask again," the video continues. "And if someone says 'No, thank you', don't make the tea and don't get angry -- it's the same with sexuality," the video concludes. - 'Two laws' - In another video, participants stand facing each other. A video tablet shows them how close they are allowed to stand without invading someone's personal space. "You shouldn't get too close to the person you're talking to," says Pietrusky-Niane. "The same with children, they don't necessarily like to be touched (by strangers)," she noted. Many of the group taking the course admit that reporting rape or abuse to police would not be self-evident, especially if the perpetrator was a relative. "In our country, we have two laws: that of the state and that of the family, of the clan," says one participant. Professor Heinz-Juergen Voss, professor of sexology at the University of Merseburg, noted that it was precisely because "differences in culture and customs exist" that such training is "useful". He believes the courses should be offered to refugees throughout Germany. Aid group Pro-Asyl however has a different view. "We learn values and norms better in daily lives than in class," it says. "Contact with people, support at school and an access to the job market are the best keys for integration and prevention."	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line98
__label__cc	0.736026	0.263974	Starting Our Journey On December 11th, we finally hit the road on our full-timing adventure; and not a moment too soon as the frigid temperatures were getting tougher and tougher to deal with. After a truly memorable send off attended by friends and co-workers, and a wonderful Holiday party on Saturday night, we cleaned off the 6" of snow from the motorhome roof and departed southbound. Our first night's stop was in Bowling Green, Kentucky, after a day's drive that started in snow, changed to sleet, and ended up in rain. Tuesday morning we drove to Nashville where we entered the Natchez Trace Parkway for our drive to Red Bay, Alabama, the home of Tiffin Motorhomes where our's was built only two months ago. The Natchez Trace is a wonderful drive; 50 MPH speed limit, two lanes, very little traffic and wooded. No houses, stores, etc.; everything is off the parkway which only has pulloffs for historical sites and rest areas. It was pretty at this time of year, we can only imagine how beautiful it must be in the summer and fall. We stopped for lunch in 60 degree temperatures and took this picture: Arriving in Red Bay, we checked into the Allegro Campground which abuts the Tiffin service center. The next morning we headed for the Tiffin plant for a factory tour; there we were greeted by a delightful 79-year old named "Red" who escorted Brenda and I with only one other person on a 2-hour tour. Unlike the Monaco and Newmar tours we went on in the Elkhart, IN area, here it was "hands-on" with explanations on how everything was put together and conversations with the workers themselves. We were both impressed with the attitude of the workers and the construction of the motorhomes. After the tour, Brenda decided to try the legend of Bob Tiffin's availability. We've heard the stories of his accessibility and personal commitment to his customers, so we walked into the corporate office where Brenda told the secretary that she was there "to take a picture with Bob Tiffin". The young lady said "sure, go right in" and a few moments later we were sitting with Mr. Tiffin and talking like we were old friends. A true gentlemen, he was very gracious and told us that if we ever had a problem to call him personally, even at home. While there are a lot of good motorhome manufacturers out there, we bought a Tiffin product because of Bob Tiffin's customer support. Here's the picture: The next day we were off again, this time to Marksville, LA where we're staying at the Paragon Casino RV Resort. It's a great place to stay, very inexpensive and with great pull-through pads. We've enjoyed the restaurants at the casino, but the heavy cigarette smoke has kept us from winning our fortune at the slots. From here we'll leave on Sunday for Livingston, TX, the home of the Escapees Club for a short stay, then off to San Antonio. By the way, for our friends in Ohio, there's no snow here and there are still leaves on the trees! Brrrrrrr! Cold Temperatures! Five more days to go before we depart Ohio and head south for warmer weather. Just our luck, we've entered into an unusually cold spell, with temperatures for the remainder of the week in the 20's and teens at night. While the motorhome remains comfortable to live in, it's a constant hassle to replenish the fresh water tank, drain the hoses after each use, and continually replace the propane. I did manage to reconnect the satellite internet system, which had moved due to high winds, so we're back on line for now. Our daughter, Kim, arrived today from Annapolis (she's a flight attendent for American Airlines) to attend our farewell dinner tomorrow, so we'll see how well a guest fits into the motorhome lifestyle. We're looking forward to seeing old friends from out of town tomorrow night and saying goodbye to many of the friends we've made here in Ohio. Posted by DNPC at 11:05 AM No comments: It's the day before Thanksgiving and we're still working on finishing our move into the motorhome. We've pretty much moved everything, either into the motorhome, into storage for our daughter to pick up later, or off to Goodwill or church. We still have to finish up cleaning out the townhouse, but for tomorrow at least we're taking a day off and enjoying the holiday with friends. Our challenge for the next few days is coping with the weather, with highs only in the 20s and lows in the teens. While we can stay comfortable in the motorhome, the task of keeping the outside fixtures from freezing and watching the propane usage can be time consuming. In addition, I have to drive 40 miles to pick up new toilet valve assembly as the dealer left the motorhome outside overnight during the last service visit and it froze. I wonder how many times you have to tell the service manager that a motorhome is not winterized before it sinks in? Oh well, only 16 days until we depart for warmer climes! We're both tired and are looking forward to the rest and warmth. We hope you all enjoy a safe holiday with family and friends! After 30 years of owning trailers, slide-ins, and fifth wheels, we've bought a motorhome and are now only 24 days from hitting the road and finally living our dream of full-time RVing. We've given our daughter all the household stuff that she wants, sold some, and given the rest to charity and friends. This weekend we get the motorhome back from a final tweaking by the dealer and we'll pack up and move in for good. My last day at work is the 9th of December and we plan on heading South on Sunday the 11th. Our first destination is Red Bay, Alabama to tour the factory where our Allegro Bay was put together, and then off to San Antonio to spend a few days enjoying the Christmas season on the Riverwalk. Finally, we hope to spend Christmas and New Years at Livingston, TX at the Escapees home site. After that?? Probably Southern Arizona until the spring, then we'll meander north as the weather warms. By April 15th, we'll need to be in Stevensville, Montana, where we've volunteered to spend the summer working for the National Fish and Wildlife Service at the Lee Metcalf Wildlife Refuge. We'll try and keep this journal entertaining and current as we travel, visit out of the way places, and make new friends. Posted by DNPC at 12:14 PM No comments: It's the day before Thanksgiving and we're still w...	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line101
__label__wiki	0.767007	0.767007	Showing results for tags 'documentary'. A new documentary on Ireland and Climate Change Alan Whelan posted a topic in Climate Change Hello Greenblog folk, I just wanted to tell you about a short documentary i've made about Ireland and Climate Change, looking at how one small country contributes to and is vulnerable to climate change, it features some of Ireland's leading climate change scientists and activists and has some strong reviews from Irish national media such as the Irish Times and RTE. More info and the film here trocaire.org/drop and it's on YouTube here cheers,Alan Simon Leufstedt posted a gallery image in Green Blog News Images Former television news anchor Chai Jing. Read the story: China’s ‘Silent Spring’ has many more political hurdles to jump China’s ‘Silent Spring’ has many more political hurdles to jump The Conversation posted a article in Culture & Celebrity Under the Dome, the self-funded documentary by former television news anchor Chai Jing about China’s battles with smog, has been an internet phenomenon. Within three days of its release on Febuary 28, it had racked up more than 150 million views and garnered 280 million posts on Sina Weibo, a Chinese equivalent of Twitter. Then the Chinese government removed it from the web, stung by the criticism the film prompted, leaving those who had hailed it as a landmark moment in Chinese environmentalism wondering if the documentary’s influence would end up being curtailed. Seemingly inspired by Al Gore’s An Inconvenient Truth, Chai Jing presents some shocking facts to her audience in a TED Talk-style format. She documents the health implications of smog, such as its possible relationship with lung cancer, and attributes China’s smog pollution to factors including the consumption of low-grade coal and oil, the expansion of energy-intensive industries like steel, and the lack of enforcement of environmental regulations. Former celebrity TV anchor Chai Jing, as seen in the photo, quit her job after her baby daughter was born with a lung tumor, and after a year of rigorous investigation, launched a 1 hour 40 minute documentary about China’s smog. A wake-up call? Under the Dome invites comparison with Silent Spring, Rachel Carson’s 1962 exposé of the effects of pesticides, and some commentators have predicted that the documentary will galvanise China in much the same way that Carson’s book changed America. There are indeed striking similarities between the two. Both focus on environmental issues of huge concern to their respective societies; both were made by women with national reputations for their previous work; and both spurred unprecedented national discussions. Even China’s newly appointed environment minister Chen Jining said he was reminded of Silent Spring when watching Under the Dome – although that was before the government abruptly changed its mind about the documentary. For all their similarities, there are still many hurdles facing the documentary that Carson’s book did not experience. The social context China is undergoing significant social change, with a growing middle class who are more concerned with quality of life than basic needs, and who are willing to raise their voice over issues that affect their health. This is a similar context to the postwar America in which Silent Spring was published. Yet today’s world is also more globalised than in 1962, a fact that could have two opposite effects on China’s environmental movement. On one hand, the potential solutions to global issues such as climate change, and local issues such as air pollution, may feed into each other. As my colleague and I have argued, concern over China’s energy security has become a key driver of its renewable energy industry. But on the other hand, globalisation has made people more mobile, both within and between countries. Migration has become an option for some Chinese to escape the smog, which might reduce their motivation to engage in the local environmental movement. Differing political climates In many ways, the reception given to Under the Dome is broadly similar to that received by Silent Spring. Both were challenged by economic interests, such as the chemical industry in the case of pesticides, and fossil fuel firms in the case of smog. Both were also criticised for a perceived lack of “balance” or author expertise, and were even accused of being political conspiracies. Both were also praised by the scientific community. Silent Spring’s legacy was honoured by the American Chemical Society in 2012, while a Chinese professor blogged about Under the Dome: … [compared with Chai Jing] we experts in the field of environmental protection and scientists on the smog research should feel ashamed for our incompetence to communicate with the public and our lack of courage to expose the problem. But perhaps the most important difference is in how the two respective governments reacted, especially given that both the book and the documentary broadly chimed with what authorities were trying to do at the time. Silent Spring was published when the then US president John F. Kennedy was implementing his New Frontier program, and Under the Dome has arrived while the Chinese leadership is commmitting to an “energy revolution”. Several key ideas advocated in Under the Dome to fight smog are aligned with the government’s agenda, such as reducing the share of fossil fuels in the country’s energy supply, and increasing the share of renewable energy sources. This may partly explain why the documentary was first released on the website of People’s Daily, the official newspaper of the Communist Party, and why the resulting media and online criticisms of the government’s handling of the smog issue were initially tolerated despite such comments usually being closely monitored and censored by the state. However, after a week of explosive discussion in the public sphere, the documentary was taken down from all Chinese websites. While the smog issue was a topic of frequent discussion during the annual session of the National People’s Congress, held in this same week, Chai Jing and her documentary were rarely mentioned by any representatives or government officials. Contrast that with the policy response triggered by Silent Spring, including the appointment of the President’s Science Advisory Committee, hearings on the issue in the Senate, and the establishment of the US Environmental Protection Agency. The Chinese government seems to fear that grassroots movements may undermine its legitimacy in ruling the country. It has implemented a range of policies to transform China’s energy system, but the effectiveness of those policies are yet to be seen. The legacy of Silent Spring is beyond question. Whether Under the Dome gets the chance to have a similarly lasting impact is far from clear. silent spring We might get a sequel to 'An Inconvenient Truth' Simon Leufstedt posted a topic in Entertainment We might get a sequel to the highly successful documentary An Inconvenient Truth with Al Gore from 2006. "We have had conversations," producer Lawrence Bender tells THR. "We've met; we've discussed. If we are going to make a movie, we want it to have an impact." "God, do we need one," environmental activist Laurie David said. "Everything in that movie has come to pass. At the time we did the movie, there was Hurricane Katrina; now we have extreme weather events every other week. The update has to be incredible and shocking." What do you think, would you watch An Inconvenient Truth 2?	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line105
__label__wiki	0.95406	0.95406	The Hobbithunter About Hobbits About Tolkien Books by Tolkien J.R.R. Tolkien BIOGRAPHY THIS BIOGRAPHY COMES FROM WWW.TOLKIENLIBRARY.COM. THANKS TO PIETER COLLIER FOR HIS PERMISSION TO USE IT. Philologist, author, mythmaker and creator of “Middle Earth” Professor of Anglo-Saxon at Oxford University, a brilliant philologist, and a self-described “hobbit,” J.R.R. Tolkien created two of the best-loved stories of the 20th century, “The Hobbit” and “The Lord of the Rings”, recently made into a multiple award-winning movie by the director Peter Jackson for New Line Cinema. John Ronald Reuel Tolkien was born on January 3, 1892, in Bloemfontein, South Africa, to English parents. At the age of three his mother brought him and his younger brother, Hilary, back to England. Tolkien’s father died soon afterwards in South Africa, so the family stayed in England and by the summer of 1896 his mother found them a home in the hamlet of Sarehole, just outside the city Birmingham. Tolkien’s family lived in genteel poverty, eventually moving to Moseley a suburb of Birmingham, just north west of Sarehole. When he was 12, Tolkien’s mother died, and he and his brother were made wards of a Catholic priest. They lived with aunts and in boarding homes thereafter. The dichotomy between Tolkien’s happier days in the rural landscape of Sarehole and his adolescent years in the industrial centre of Birmingham would be felt strongly in his later works. The young Tolkien attended King Edward’s School in Birmingham in the years 1910 and 1911, where he excelled in classical and modern languages. There are six known contributions he made in the King Edward’s School Chronicle. In 1911 he went to Exeter College, Oxford, where he studied Classics, Old English, Germanic languages, Welsh, and Finnish. He quickly demonstrated an aptitude for philology and began to create his own languages. In 1913 Tolkien published his very first poem, called ‘From the many-willow’d margin of the immemorial Thames’, in the Stapeldon Magazine of Exeter college. By the time Tolkien had completed his degree at Oxford in 1915, World War I had erupted across Europe. Tolkien enlisted and was commissioned in the Lancashire Fusiliers, but he did not see active duty for months. In this period he wrote the poem ‘Gobin Feet’ which got published in ‘Oxford Poetry 1915′. When he learned that he would be shipped out in March 1916, he married his longtime friend Edith Bratt, the girl the poem was written for. Tolkien was sent to the Western Front and fought in the Somme offensive. Almost all of his closest friends were killed. After four months in and out of the trenches, he contracted a typhus-like infection and was sent back to England, where he served for the rest of the war. Tolkien’s first job was as a lexicographer on the New English Dictionary (helping to draft the Oxford English Dictionary). Tolkien wrote ‘A Middle English Vocabulary’, but it was not published until 1922, but after it was published some copies were bound with 1st impressions of Sisam’s book, ‘Fourteenth Century Verse and Prose’ which was published one year before. During this time he began serious work on creating languages that he imagined had been spoken by elves. The languages were based primarily on Finnish and Welsh. He also began his “Lost Tales” a mythic history of men, elves, and other creatures he created to provide context for his “Elvish” languages. He made the first public presentation of his tales when he read “The Fall of Gondolin” to an appreciative audience at the Exeter College Essay Club. Tolkien then became a professor in English Language at the University of Leeds, where he collaborated with E. V. Gordon on the famous edition of ‘Sir Gawain and the Green Knight’. Tolkien remained at Leeds until 1925, when he took a position teaching Anglo-Saxon at Oxford University. In Leeds Tolkien found the time to make a lot of contributions on various Magazines and books like, Gryphon Magazine, Microcosm, TLS, Yorkshire Poetry, Leeds University Verse, e.o. Tolkien at Oxford Tolkien spent the rest of his career at Oxford, retiring in 1959. Although he produced little by today’s “publish or perish” standards, his scholarly writings were of the highest caliber. One of his most influential works is his lecture “Beowulf, the Monsters and the Critics.” At Oxford Tolkien became a founding member of a loose group of like-minded Oxford friends “The Inklings” who met for conversation, drinks, and readings from their works-in-progress. Another prominent member was C. S. Lewis, who became one of Tolkien’s closest friends. Tolkien, a devout Catholic, and Lewis, an agnostic at the time, frequently debated religion and the role of mythology. Unlike Lewis, who tended to dismiss myths and fairy tales, Tolkien firmly believed that they have moral and spiritual value. Said Tolkien, “The imagined beings have their inside on the outside; they are visible souls. And Man as a whole, Man pitted against the Universe, have we seen him at all till we see that he is like a hero in a fairy tale?” “In a hole in the ground . . .” It was also during his years at Oxford that Tolkien would scribble an inexplicable note in a student’s exam book: “In a hole in the ground there lived a Hobbit.” Curious as to what exactly a “Hobbit” was and why it should live in a hole, he began to build a story about a short creature who inhabited a world called Middle-earth. This grew into a story he told his children, and in 1936 a version of it came to the attention of the publishing firm of George Allen and Unwin (now part of HarperCollins), who published it as The Hobbit, or There and Back Again, in 1937. It become an instant and enduring classic. Stanley Unwin, the publisher, was stunned by The Hobbit’s success and asked for a sequel, which blossomed into a multivolume epic. While The Hobbit hinted at the history of Middle-earth that Tolkien had created in his “Lost Tales” (which he was now calling “The Silmarillion”), the sequel drew heavily upon it. So determined was Tolkien to get every detail right that it took him more than a decade to complete the 12-book “Lord of the Rings.” He often left off writing the story for months to hash out a linguistic problem or historical inconsistency. The Lord of the Rings appeared in 1954-1955 in three parts: The Fellowship of the Ring, The Two Towers, and The Return of the King. While the book was eagerly received by the reading public, critical reviews were everything but neutral. Some critics, such as Philip Toynbee, deplored its fantasy setting, archaic language, and utter earnestness. Others, notably W. H. Auden and C. S. Lewis, lauded it for its straightforward narrative, imagination, and Tolkien’s palpable love of language. The Lord of the Rings did not reach the height of its popularity until it finally appeared in paperback. Tolkien disliked paperbacks and hadn’t authorized a paperback edition. In 1965, however, Ace Books exploited a legal loophole and published an unauthorized paperback version of The Lord of the Rings. Within months Ballantine published an official version (with a rather cross note about respecting an author’s wishes). The lower cost of paperbacks and the publicity generated by the copyright dispute boosted sales of the books considerably, especially in America where it was quickly embraced by the 60s counterculture. Nearly 50 years after its publication, Tolkien’s epic tale has sold more than 100 million copies and been translated into more than 25 languages. Tolkien’s Legacy The Lord of the Rings is a singular, contradictory work. Written in an almost archaic form, packed with strange words and obsure historical details, and lacking the modern emphasis on the “inner life,” it is unabashedly antimodern. But at the same time its melancholy environmentalism and fully realized alternative world are very modern. It has often been read, among as other things, as an allegory of World War II or the Cold War, but Tolkien himself denied any such interpretation, maintaining it was simply a story to be taken on its own terms. Its enduring appeal, however, lies not in its literary oddness or straightforward action, but in its beautifully realized world and themes of loss, self-sacrifice, and friendship. In its wake, Tolkien’s work left not only a host of sword-and-sorcery imitators and devoted fans, but a lasting legacy in the hundreds of virtual worlds that have come to life in books and films since. Middle-earth after J.R.R. J.R.R. Tolkien died on September 2, 1973. His death did not mark the end of Middle-earth for readers, though. After Tolkien’s death his son Christopher endeavored to complete his father’s life work. He edited The Silmarillion and saw it published in 1977. In 1980 he began to publish the rest of his father’s incomplete writings, culminating in the 12-volume History of Middle-earth series. “Biography: John Ronald Reuel Tolkien” 26 Jun 02 Carpenter, Humphrey. J R R Tolkien: A biography. Glasgow, 2002, Harper Collins. Carpenter, Humphrey. The Inklings: C S Lewis, J.R.R. Tolkien, Charles Williams and their friends. Glasgow, 1997, Harper Collins. Hammond, Wayne G and Christina Scull. J.R.R. Tolkien: Artist and Illustrator. London, 1998, Harper Collins. The Letters of J.R.R. Tolkien. Edited by Humphrey Carpenter. Glasgow, 1995, Harper Collins. © Copyright Hobbithunter	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line108
__label__cc	0.724284	0.275716	Ireland Escort Girl > Adult Entertainment > Starting Your Own Adult Club An adult club can be a very profitable venture. It allows its owners to make a lot of money. The average savings from a medium sized adult club are about four to five million dollars a year. Bigger adult clubs earn even more than that. Large sized adult clubs earn thirty to forty percent more than their smaller sized counterparts. Adult clubs are frequented by people of all backgrounds. Running one successfully requires a lot of patience. You need to have certain skills to run an adult club. Most people who start an adult club find it hard to manage. A lot of it has to do with being patient. Then there is the added stigma involved with being a nightclub owner. You can run a nightclub if you take care of the following things. Arranging the decor: The decor of the adult club matters a lot. Owners put in a lot of effort to make their adult clubs appear favourable. This includes everything from the building to the lighting. Many factors have to be considered. The lighting must be just right to create the right environment. Too much light can deter customers from visiting the place. Too low light would hamper their vision and affect their ability to see the things on display. Tiles can be used to decorate an adult club. Different coloured tiles can be very effective at decorating a nightclub. Different coloured bulbs also serve a similar purpose. They also consume a lot less electricity than expected. This makes them an affordable option for most nightclubs. Hiring support staff: The supporting staff of an adult club is very important. This includes several people such as cleaners and waitresses. They can either be hired as employees or they can be contracted on a temporary basis. The performance of the supporting staff really matters a lot. It affects the quality of service offered by an adult club. People often decide whether to visit an adult club based on the service on offer. The waiters should have adequate experience of serving in adult clubs Sydney. Finding the best talent: Finding the best talent is very important. An adult club employs a number of different people. It can have actors, strippers and dancers. Pole dancing is especially popular at nightclubs. These things require a lot of skill and practice. Hiring the right talent can be tricky. Talented people can be hard to arrange. Even if they are available, their services can be very expensive. Balancing the quality and the cost is very important. Care needs to be taken to hire quality performers at a rate that is affordable. Every adult club has a budget for hiring talent. This budget should be strictly followed. The budgeted expenses should never be exceeded under any circumstances.	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line112
__label__wiki	0.799216	0.799216	Tag Archives: Defiance: The Essential Guide Defiance: the TV Show, the Game, and Now the iBook April 5, 2013 Patrick Jordan Before yesterday afternoon I’d barely heard of Defiance, and had a vague impression it was a new game that I wouldn’t be interested in since I’m not a gamer at all. Thanks to +Tad Donaghe and the superb new iBook Defiance: The Essential Guide I now know this is an upcoming TV show, a game, and much more than that. I’m not going to become a gamer overnight for this title, but now I am absolutely psyched to see the TV show, which looks just incredible and epic in its scope – a bit like Lord of the Rings crossed with Star Wars. But that’s my own probably misguided comparison. Here’s a bit of the iBookstore description for the iBook that offers a much better overview: Defiance: The Essential Guide by Syfy and Trion Worlds is the perfect interactive companion to the groundbreaking TV series and the incredible multiplayer game. Set in the near future, Defiance introduces an exotically transformed planet Earth, its landscapes permanently altered following the sudden – and tumultuous – arrival of seven unique alien races. In this somewhat unknown and unpredictable landscape, the richly diverse, newly-formed civilization of humans and aliens must learn to co-exist peacefully. Each week, viewers will follow an immersive character drama set in the boom-town of Defiance, which sits atop the ruins of St. Louis, MO, while in the game, players will adventure in the new frontier of the San Francisco Bay area. The dramatic tapestry of the series and the intense action of the game will exist in a single universe where their respective narratives will inform one another and evolve together into one overall story. That last point is one of the most interesting and unique aspects of Defiance, and it’s talked about a lot in the opening chapter of the iBook. The huge amount of ‘interconnectivity’ between the TV show and the game is highlighted. The weekly TV show affects the game – and how you play the game just might change what happens on the show … Events in the show will impact the game, and events in the game will impact the show – creating an unprecedented interactive experience. Defiance: The Essential GuideiBooks	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line120
__label__cc	0.685333	0.314667	What is an Empowered Woman? By admin1 \| Kimber \| No Comments Day – Twenty-Five Empowered Woman An Empowered Woman is a Woman with Vision. It starts with a wish that becomes a dream, which she then decides to take action to fulfill. What Lies Beneath YOUR Mask? How would you describe the mask you’re wearing today? Would you say it reveals who you truly are and how you’re really feeling? Are you an Empowered Woman? Do you feel strong and courageous and ready to step outside of your comfort zone, deep down inside? Or are you wearing the mask of a Happy Woman when deep down inside you’re feeling depressed, worried or anxious? Silenced Woman Silenced Woman, by Kimberley Langford Materials; Paper, Markers Excerpt from: The Evolving Woman Series Daily Reflections, What Lies Beneath the Mask (c) 2018 by Kimberley Langford Self Starting Woman Initiative. It takes initiative to become a Self-Starting Woman. It takes drive. It takes courage. It means having self-respect, a strong sense of self-worth, and knowing that one has value! The Self-Starting Woman is someone who is constantly metamorphosing. I think of Madonna, the actress and singer. She knows who she is and where she wants to go! She isn’t afraid to try something new. She may face criticism or be misunderstood, but she is true to herself. She knows what she wants! In order to be a Self-Starting Woman, it is vital that she possesses healthy self-esteem. Those who play the role of victim, martyr, or have a poverty mindset are not usually self-starters. Why Starting Over was my ONLY option! I knew I had to make a drastic change. In fact, my life depended on it. I had lost my job and my Employment Benefits were soon running out. I live in a province that is heavily dependent on the Oil and Gas industry for employment and the recent recession had hit everyone pretty hard. Good paying jobs had become a scarcity and there weren’t too many people who were able to find even low paying jobs. The number of unemployed people had hit an all time high, so it seemed, and I had become one of those statistics. I felt alone, afraid and worried that I might end up living on the streets if I didn’t find some sort of a reprieve and soon. Kelly Woodhouse Falardeau: From Near Death to Success! Kelly Woodhouse Falardeau is more than a burn survivor. She is relentless in helping others overcome their challenges and traumas through her books, paintings, public speaking and more. At the age of 2, a house fire caused burns to 75% of her body. Kelly then underwent several surgeries and faced ridicule, along with being bullied, shunned and avoided by her peers and others. Toxic People Are Alive And Well On Planet Earth For most of us, having to deal with at least one toxic person during our lifetime is a given. They could include family members, members of our church, classmates, coworkers, and our neighbours. The snarky check out clerk we seem to run into every time we’re at our favourite store, whose negative attitude greatly diminishes our shopping experience may also be viewed as toxic. Let’s look at some of the adjectives I’ve heard used to describe these folks: I Survived Being Run Over By A Bus! By Kimberley Langford It was March 26, 2007, just 6 days after my 41st birthday. The weather was nice for a spring day, and not too cold although a thin layer of snow covered the ground. Like every other weekday, I took the bus into the downtown core of the city where I lived, Calgary Alberta. Just as I had done for many mornings during the commute, I wrote in my journal. It was when I was writing that I had the feeling that I needed to pray for protection. I didn’t know why but I felt better when I did. A few moments later, the bus pulled up to my stop and I got off. Martyred Woman There are two types of Martyred Woman. Joan of Arc was a martyred woman. She fought and died for her beliefs. She wanted to right the wrongs that she saw happening. Not only was she brave, she was an ano maly when it came to the women of her day. The second type of martyred woman is a cunning and manipulative person. She may act like she is innocent, but she knows what she is doing. She will use her “victim status” to get what she wants, and may succeed in this by crying to elicit the sympathy of others, or by emotionally blackmailing them to get her needs met. DAY ELEVEN…. Giving Woman Giving Woman’s joy is contagious and everyone she meets is touched by it. She is filled with laughter, hope and strength. She is a woman of integrity and she empowers others. Giving woman knows how to forgive and gives of her time and talents. Each of us can find Giving Woman in us. A Giving Woman gives life, whether it’s by giving birth to a child, or by creating something for herself or others. Giving Woman knows the difference between giving of herself and giving herself away. The former means that she gives a hand-up and not a handout, and she does not allow herself to be taken in by the emotional vampires of the world. The latter means that she gives away parts of herself and plays the role of victim. Giving Woman gives to herself as well. She can accomplish this in the way she communicates with her soul. She gives to herself by becoming healthy and whole. She knows that her life has meaning and value. In Memory of Mickey… Mickey was my father-in-law. He had a heart of gold and a sense of humour. He recently passed away. This is my tribute to him. Mickey Fluet passed away in the wee hours of Sunday September 2, 2012 after a lengthy illness. Two years ago, he was diagnosed with a brain tumor. The doctors operated and to everyone’s relief the tumor was benign. He was also diagnosed with diabetes which could be controlled with medication and diet. Just when we thought he had pulled through, the tumor, once again benign returned. For awhile, everything seemed to be okay. I invited him to a family picnic that my company had in Bowness Park (Calgary, Alberta). He enjoyed himself immensely and later told me that he missed going to company functions. Successful Entrepreneur Raises Money for Aids Missions in Africa as part of her own mission of hope How is it that an incest victim, adult child of an abusive family, and cancer survivor finds the strength and courage to overcome her past and reach out to help others through her business? For Jo-Ann Grimwood, the answer is found in her strong Christian faith. According to Jo-Ann her journey of faith started when she was invited to attend Sunday school which she said, “was a great blessing as it gave me an escape and gave me great hope.” She met a family who attended the church and invited her to their home over many weekends and made sure that she could attend the choir practice. Unfortunately, that church let her down and refused to marry her to an Anglican when she was 20 years old. And for the next 20 years she felt like “part of my past support contradicted the teaching I once believed!” Kimberley is known by her clients and friends as a woman who comes from heart. She has been described as eloquent and humorous. * Personal information will be encrypted Phone Number : (403) 601-1084 Email : kimberleyannla@hotmail.ca Address : High River, AB © Copyright 2018 Kimberley Langford	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line125
__label__cc	0.536318	0.463682	Dragon’s Lair Headed to HD-DVD Posted In: News, Xbox 360 GORMLEY, Ontario, Canada — After first appearing on Blu-ray earlier this year, HD DVD owners can now also enjoy the classic arcade game Dragon’s Lair in full high definition. Making his HD DVD debut this August, Dirk the Daring swings in to action on the Xbox 360* with HD DVD add-on drive and standalone HD DVD movie players. Dragon’s Lair was first introduced in the arcades in 1983 and its laser disc video quality and Don Bluth animation made it an instant smash hit. Now, Digital Leisure and authoring studio Infinite HD Inc. have created a true high definition gaming experience for this classic arcade game. “I’m amazed at the high definition video.” says Don Bluth, one of the original creators of Dragon’s Lair. “Finally, the game looks as good as it did on film. And, the 5.1 audio sounds even better than original. Now whether you have Blu-ray or HD DVD you can enjoy this terrific, high definition version of Dragon’s Lair.” All special features on the disc are in full 1080p HD including interviews with creators Don Bluth, Gary Goldman and Rick Dyer, and even a full length visual commentary of the game. Digital Leisure plans to follow up Dragon’s Lair HD DVD with the release of Space Ace and Dragon’s Lair II: Time Warp in the HD DVD format. Dragon’s Lair HD DVD will be available this August 15th at many fine game and movie retailers.	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line130
__label__cc	0.658074	0.341926	Tag: improvisational drawing Final Day Wishing I could fly my kite all the way home from the beach, I’m enjoying the last full day here. There are so many drawings I’ve not been able to share with you…perhaps I can create some sort of video montage for you when I get back home. But not before I fly a kite one last time at the beach. 🙂 “A day at the beach is like silk in your hands…” I dunno. Even though there’s sand and salty water, it’s just how it feels to me…silky, blythe days unfurling in color and doodles. P.S. I’m using my ipad for blogging, including taking the pictures. The color is not nearly so vibrant as the actual page in my sketchbook. Oh well. It’s fun anyways! Responding to Rutenberg: Limitations In Brian Rutenberg’s Studio Visit #16, he begins the talk recounting some casual banter between friends over dinner one evening. The subject was “limitations”, which he says “Every artist has” and that he is continually inventorying his. I nearly fell out of my chair when I heard him say this, wondering what, if any, limitations to being the artist he wants to be, he might have. It was incredibly encouraging to hear an artist of his stature speak of limitations. Though his list of limitations has largely to do with ways in which he would like to expand artistically, I nevertheless found it amazing that he often goes through the ways in which he feels limited and yet finds a sense of “spaciousness and comfort” there. What I find myself listing as limitations in my art is largely in the categories of station in life (ie. motherhood), resources, and opportunities (living in a small town as opposed to an art mecca such as NY). Nevertheless, I was encouraged and inspired by Brian to think of these boundaries or limitations as places where I actually can find freedom and “permission”. He says, “Because perhaps it’s the intensification, the concentration of those limits, that give our work its truth and its humanity and its vigor…and content. It’s that continual longing to break from those inescapable things, those limits, to get better, that I’ll never be good enough, that it’s the longing to get better, the longing to speak more clearly, more directly, with less, that keeps me going. It’s very comforting, these notions.” To say that his words were encouraging would fall short of the affirmation I received on hearing that all artists struggle with, or are at least cognizant of, limitations. And then, to be inspired to think of these limitations as places of “spaciousness, comfort, and permission” is something I’m carrying with me every day as I go about all the motherly and household duties, as I go about teaching art to young children, and the myriad of other things that seem to come between me and being the artist I long to be. He goes on to say: “So for me it’s not the question, “Are there limitations?” The question for me is, ‘Do I inhabit my limitations?’ And I think that’s the really important point: one must utterly inhabit their work.” These final words on this subject were incredibly centering for me. I now have this wonderful call to INHABIT my limitations each and every day. To embrace them, and to create works in my sketchbook that continue to grow out of those limitations. I may not be working on huge canvases and exhibiting them in galleries and shows, but I have the same call to create art and I must inhabit the life I have in order to create works which contain even a grain of “truth, humanity, vigor and content”. Thank you Brian Rutenberg. Responding to Rutenberg ID #103 I’ve recently discovered an artist whose work and words I’m eating up these days. To say that his paintings are delicious would be correct…the color, movement, and draw-you-in composings on canvas are breathtaking. His words are equally inspiring. Brian Rutenberg lives and works in New York City. His work is about as far on the other end of my own artistic offerings as one might be. He has an art degree while I have a French degree. He was a Fulbright Scholar and has made his living from his art whereas I have raised kids and worked small odd part-time jobs while my art-making has been stashed in-between every-which-way. He works in oils on HUGE canvases and currently I work in a sketchbook. He works in abstraction, with his drawings in charcoal being representational; I draw representationally with forays into abstraction. We do have a few things in common though: born in the same year, southern upbringing, family people (he is married with two children; my husband and I are raising three). But the largest common denominator is a love for articulating all-things-art. And this is what I want to share with you…my reactions and responses to a few of the ideas and thoughts he presents in his marvelous Documentaries. There are 18 of these 10-minute videos of Brian speaking to us about his work. I’ve watched them all, eagerly absorbing and mulling over the concepts he espouses and describes so eloquently. You really must watch these. I suggest watching only one or two and then spend a few days thinking about them and letting the ideas seep into your way of creating. I have also been making more of these Improvisational Drawings (as I’m calling them:). I’ve started numbering them with ID (stands for Improvisational Drawing) and then a number. I’ve also taken to writing about each of them on the back, or on a sheet of paper placed in an envelope I glue on the back. I enjoy creating the words that speak to how the drawing evolved, any thoughts as to why, and specifics about approach, or underlying ideas. The drawings themselves are in no way an attempt to replicate Rutenberg. The thing I’m going for is to consider the elements surrounding the drawings, the making of them, the impetus behind them…like Rutenberg, as he so wonderfully communicates in his Documentaries. My next post will be responding to one aspect of one of his talks. In the meantime, see if you can watch a few of his documentaries. It will be time well spent!	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line134
__label__cc	0.67918	0.32082	Another book plagiarized by Laura Harner Last night, I posted a story about Laura Harner, one of those rare authors capable of producing a high-volume of words in a short amount of time. Of course in Harner’s case, it’s not a matter of simply being prolific. Author Becky McGraw caught Harner in the act when word-for-word sections of her novel, My Kind of Trouble, appeared in Harner’s Coming Home Texas. It appears that Harner lifted McGraw’s entire novel, changing character and setting names, pronouns, and occasional phrases to disguise McGraw’s book, a M/F romance, into a M/M romance. A commenter on my original post about Harner recognized Opal Carew’s Riding Steele in Harner’s Deuce Coop serial. Though the Deuce Coop series was pulled from most major retailers, as of this morning it was still available on All Romance eBooks. EDIT: Since posting, Harner has also removed the books from All Romance eBooks. Let’s do the “compare screenshots” game. For those who aren’t able to view images, don’t worry; I’ll excerpt the appropriate text for you. I’ve got your back. First, the description for Opal Carew’s Riding Steele: In the arms of an outlaw, she found the freedom to live out her wildest fantasies. Don’t miss this scorching erotic romance from New York Times bestselling author Opal Carew, now available for the first time as a complete novel! When Laurie is kidnapped by bikers, she has no idea her life is about to change forever. From the moment she meets Steele–their sinfully sexy leader–she can’t deny her fierce attraction. Even though she’s completely at his mercy, his eyes soften when he looks at her, and the other in his gang know she’s strictly hands off. But the more time she spends with Steele, the more her body insists she wants his powerful hands all over her. Now she’s about to discover a new life on the open road…and what it means to be a part of a gang that shares everything. At first their wanton lifestyle shocks her senses–but once she’s had a taste of life on the edge, will she ever want to leave? [underlines = italics] Now let’s take a gander at Deuce Coop episode 1: Taken, the first in Harner’s MC serial: For nearly five years, Deuce managed to keep his gang out of serious trouble, but a favor for a friend of a friend puts Deuce in a hell of a spot–take temporary–and unwilling–custody of a young man in a relationship that’s way over his head or leave him in the path of a near-certain death? Despite his decision to leave college-boy’s safety to chance in order to protect his gang from potential kidnapping charges, Cooper ends up cuffed to Deuce’s bed and he discovers fate has a different solution in mind. When Cooper McElroy is kidnapped by bikers, he has no idea his life is about to change forever. From the moment he meets their sinfully sexy leader Deuce, he realizes the attraction might be more dangerous than the situation the bikers claim to have saved him from. Kept in an isolated location, Cooper discovers this is one gang that doesn’t seem to have issues with territory–it’s all share and share alike. Cooper’s only protection is Deuce’s order declaring him off limits. But the more time Cooper spends with Deuce, the more his body insists it knows what it wants–so who’s going to save him now? Cooper’s about to discover a new life on the open road…and what it means to be part of a gang that shares almost everything. Will he continue to seek his freedom or beg the gang to take him on the ride of his life? Gosh, that sounds familiar. Why don’t we check out the first pages? Again, I’ll excerpt text for those who can’t view the images. Here’s a sample of Carew’s Riding Steele: And a sample from Harner’s Deuce Coop episode 1: Taken: Carew’s opening paragraphs: “Is that the woman Killer’s friend wants us to kidnap?” Steele glanced in the direction Shock was looking. Steele and his men were sitting in a pub called Big Rigg that had heavy wooden tables and a rustic atmosphere. A woman walked toward one of the high tables at the bar where a suited man and a couple were sitting. He recognized the newcomer from the pictures of Craig’s sister that Killer had shown him. They didn’t do her justice. Harner’s opening paragraphs: “Is that the dude Butcher’s friend wants us to snatch?” Deuce glanced in the direction Gunny was staring. Deuce and his men sat in an old Route 66 bar, called Big Red’s, decorated in a rustic old west theme complete with heavy wooden tables and a copper bar. A slender young man walked toward the high bar where a suited man sat with a couple–all of their gazes fixed on the young man’s approach. Deuce recognized the newcomer from the pictures of Marcy’s brother that Butcher had shown him. They didn’t do him justice. Carew: Steele nodded. “That’s the one.” Her name was Laurie and she was stunning. Long, glossy, dark brown hair that careened loosely over her shoulders, beautiful big eyes, a pert nose, and lips that begged to be kissed. And her body. Damn! Every heart-stopping curve was showcased in her short, snug, black dress. His eyes followed the long, slim line of her torso to the arc of her hips, then down the longest legs he’d ever seen. Slim and shapely, ending in glossing black stilettos studded with rhinestones. How she could walk in those heels–which had to be at least six inches high–he didn’t know, but every man in the bar must be thanking his lucky stars at the sight of her glorious swaying ass. He allowed his gaze to make a leisurely climb upward before stopping at her breasts. Round, firm, and snugly cocooned in the tight black dress. The hint of cleavage in the deep-V neckline caused his body to tighten. His fingers itched to wrap around those glorious breasts. To feel the softness in his hands. To stroke the nipples with his thumbs. Fuck, his cock was swelling painfully in his jeans. Harner: Deuce nodded. “That’s the one.” He was spectacular, in a wanna-fuck-that-twink sort of way. Long, glossy, auburn hair snaked down his back in a thick braid, deep set eyes, a straight nose and lips that begged to be tasted. And his body. Damn! Staring at his thin leather belt, Deuce’s gaze traced upwards, following the long, slim line of his torso to the broader shoulders. Swimmer, maybe? As he neared the table, the young man’s shoulders hunched forward, and he ducked his head down, as if shy. His skintight, jewel-encrusted jeans highlighted every slender curve of his ass and legs. His legs looked a mile-long, ending in cowboy boots that would look fucking hot wrapped around Deuce as he pounded… Fuck! His cock was swelling painfully in his jeans. It’s almost impressive how much Harner was still able to plagiarize from Carew here, given the fact that the characters are of mostly different physical and clothing descriptions. But this was someone’s sister. Craig, killer’s friend. And Craig wanted to protect her. Steele knew what that felt like. Thoughts of Chrissy shattered his mood. Dead at eighteen. Pain slashed through him. No matter how much Steele had tried to protect his younger sister, had tried to steer her from hanging around with the wrong crowd, headstrong Chrissy had ignored his sage advice and done whatever the hell she’d damned well pleased. And died of a drug overdose. Giving himself a mental head slap, Deuce reminded himself this was someone’s brother. Butcher’s friend Marcy. And Marcy wanted him protected. Deuce knew what that felt like–he’d once had a sister he’d wanted to keep safe. Thoughts of Susan shattered his mood. Dead before she was old enough to drink–legally. Pain slashed through him. No matter how much Deuce had tried to protect his younger sister, had tried to keep her from hanging out with the wrong crowd, headstrong Susan had done whatever the hell she’d damned well pleased. And died of a drug overdose. Now he’d been offered a chance to help another brother save his sister from a bad situation. He’d been fucking tempted to do exactly what Craig had drunkenly suggested when they’d partied together with Killer the night before, but Steele drew the line at kidnapping. Raven leaned closed to Rip. “What are they talking about? Are we going to kidnap someone?” She grinned. “Is that part of Steele’s birthday celebration?” Now, Marcy was in a similar position, with a brother–Cooper–in over his head…and she wanted to save him from a bad situation. Deuce had been fucking tempted to take Marcy up on her drunken suggestion when they’d partied together with Butcher the night before, but he and the gang drew the line at kidnapping. Now that he’d had an eyeful of the prospective abductee, he was damned glad he’d turned the job down. This one would be trouble to keep safe, regardless of his best intentions. Ricky leaned close to Scorpion. “What are they talking about? Are we going to kidnap someone?” He grinned. “Is this part of Deuce’s birthday blow out?” So, obviously, yes, this is another case of Laura Harner blatantly plagiarizing, turning a M/F romance into a M/M romance. But unlike McGraw’s indie, My Kind of Trouble, Carew’s Riding Steele is traditionally published by St. Martin’s Press. While McGraw has indicated that she’s pursuing legal action against Harner, St. Martin’s has more resources at their disposal should they decide to sue Harner as well. I hope Harner put plenty of her stolen royalties aside for legal fees. If you’re an author of paranormal, highlander, motor cycle club, firefighter, cowboy, or SEAL romances, I strongly urge you to check what Harner still has listed on retail sites to make sure you’re not being plagiarized as well. Previous Post Don’t Do This Ever (an advice column for writers): Plagiarism Warning edition Next Post Jenny Reads 50 Shades of Midnight Sun: Grey, Saturday, May 21, 2011 or “THE BIGGEST CHAPTER EVER: PART TWO” Okay, so this is obviously terrible. I am not in any way disputing that what this person did was completely wrong, and was stealing. But I also can’t help thinking that maybe it would be cool if there was a legit, non-stealy way to do what she did – that is, take a story that she thought was good, that she thought would appeal to audience of m/m romances, and turn it into something that a new audience would enjoy. Could this be done by collaboration? Like, could she have written to the original author and said, “Hey, I have this idea for your story – what do you think about it?” and then maybe they publish it jointly and negotiate a profit-sharing plan? Obviously it can’t be marketed as a completely new story or else it’s also dishonest to readers – but maybe that’s okay. Maybe you can just call it an m/m “adaptation” and people will be fine with that? I’m not going to try to defend this person because obviously what she did was indefensible. But I can imagine that she might have viewed herself as doing something valuable, even though that thing was not “writing a story.” And there probably really were some people out there who enjoyed her versions much more than the originals, since as you pointed out, many people read only m/m or m/f and not both. Like some of the commenters on the last post said, copyright law hasn’t caught up with the realities of easy self-publishing yet – but maybe our ideas about what can be done with other people’s stories haven’t, either. We just need ways to do those things that respect and remunerate the original authors (and of course, get their permission!), and don’t lie to readers. I hear what you’re saying, but what you’re essentially describing is fanfiction. Which should never, ever be done for profit. That’s what takes this out of “harmless writing exercise” territory and into “holy cats, illegal as hell!” world. Your idea of reaching out to authors to do an “adaptation” of their work is an interesting one with precedent in the literary, TV, music, and film worlds. But I’m not willing to give the plagiarizer the benefit of the doubt that she thought she was doing a valuable thing. Well, scratch that. She thought it was a valuable thing but the value was only to herself. Her attempts to cover her tracks now speak volumes– she knows this is illegal, she knows it’s wrong, and she knows she’s facing serious trouble. She’s not even feigning ignorance about why this is Totally Not Ok, which tells me she knew that going into this. Also, in my experience, most fanfic artists are making original content. Derivitive idea, but original content. That could be different in other fandoms, obviously, in the ones I fool around in, people don’t want to read something that’s just three words different here and there. YMMV of course. Martine Lewis I myself wrote fanfiction with original content. I am scared as hell that someone will steal those and publish them as their own by changing the verse into which I have written those. What this author did is very much horrible. The fanfiction world is also very unforgiving. If she had done the same thing and not disclaimed it in her fanfiction, she would have been hanged there too. A very well known author (before she came popular for her original work… remained to be seen if she didn’t plagiarized that too, mind you) had done exactly that. She had plagiarized a published author and adapted the story to the verse she was writing in. She got caught! It wasn’t pretty. The only good news is that the original work from the original author had been discontinued and the scandal allowed her to reprint her books. If you want to know who, google fanfiction and plagiarism. The name come up on the first page of the search… I’m not too ashamed to say it. It’s Cassandra Clare. She wrote the Draco Trilogy in the HP fandom, stole whole chunks from a series by Pamela Dean. She was part of the “inner circle” of Fiction Alley and lots of the other members were caught plagiarizing too, including Heidi and Ebony (Ebony, at least, apologized). I’m a fanfic writer, and generally what is done there is take characters (that everyone knows) and writing them doing different things in either the same universe as the original story or an alternate universe. The characters may also have different jobs or be college-aged, whatever. So fanfiction of the original romance would mean that another writer took the couple in the story and…sent them on a trip to climb Everest together, or set the story in medieval France. This is just straight-up plagiarism, not fanfiction. Well said. Its illegal if she wanted to adapt she should have stuck to fan fiction sites. Shes ducked and ran for cover… a sure sign of guilt. If someone took a look at all her catalogue i bet most will be rip offs. Ive promoted both Opal and Becky on my blog. I have read a couple of Beckys books. Authors put sweat and blood into their stories… lets make sure that people like Laura Harmer get named and shamed when we come across these syolen stories. Her pen surname was quute apt… shes Harming legitimate authors with her actions Margaret Pearce I’m too polite to put into print my views on plagiarists. Saying she might have overstepped the line is just her admitting she has broken the eleventh commandment – THOU SHALT NOT GET CAUGHT. Although if you go public with someone else’s work word for word and line for line in a market of dedicated readers it is hard to imagine how it couldn’t have been noticed just a weeny bit. Fiona Pickles “I also can’t help thinking that maybe it would be cool if there was a legit, non-stealy way to do what she did – that is, take a story that she thought was good, that she thought would appeal to audience of m/m romances, and turn it into something that a new audience would enjoy. ” You’re talking about fan fiction, which is just about acceptable – although not to such an obvious extent (to be a transformative work, it ought to transform rather than copy) – as long as nobody makes any money from it. Otherwise it’s theft, pure and simple. Put yourself in the original author’s position for a moment, and tell me if you’d be so keen to collaborate then. If an author has specifically written about an M/F relationship she’s unlikely to be thrilled to have her work repackaged for an M/M couple, and vice versa; most of the M/M authors I know would be spitting rivets at the very thought. Not to mention the obvious quality issues that would be involved. This is about an individual using another person’s hard work and emotional investment to make herself an easy buck. Whether or not publishing has changed, that’s never ever going to be considered acceptable behaviour. Bugger it, I clearly can’t close html tags when I’m angry. Sorry, I wasn’t intending to shout. Yeah, I see your point – the money-making angle is what makes this stink to high heaven. As fan fiction, this stuff does sort of make sense (I think? I don’t read or write fan fiction so I don’t really know). And I guess what’s going on here is that this person a) wanted to write fan fiction, b) wanted to make money off it, c) knew this was not legit, and d) took steps to hide her activities hoping she wouldn’t get caught. There’s no positive spin to put on that one, for sure. Fanfic has been done for “profit” for years, and there’s no reason on earth it cannot be for profit, so long as it is clearly stated it’s based on something AND is truly transformative, using original universe and building on it. Let’s face it folks, the whole rash of current Sherlock Holmes material is fanfiction. A great deal of fanfic is non-literary based, and many authors encourage fanfic within certain limits. It can help solidify fanbases and make the original works more valuable, in fact. (Can we say Fifty Shades of Grey, which is Twilight fanfic and no hiding that fact AT ALL). The thing about fanfic, is that MOST of it is also original except for the universe it’s in. It’s not simply rewritten versions of the original. At the least it is derivative and at best transformative. Done well, fan fiction is still ORIGINAL works, and not plagiarism. Should it be done with respect for the original works, and if you’re going to publish it, with a mind toward the audience, etc? Sure, if you want to publish it in a big way. (IE: JK Rowling’s request that any publically available fanfic of her universe be PG 13 friendly because that is the target audience). Some authors despise fanfic, but for the most part, those I’ve heard of were usually also generally curmudgeons, or pissed when the fanfic got to be better than the original material. (Clive Cussler and I believe Laurell K Hamilton both got this rep along the way…) But plagiarism is not fanfiction, and neither is collaboration… Tymber Dalton The difference with something like Sherlock Holmes is that 1) for-profit works, for quite a few years, have been licensed by the estate, and 2) now much of it has fallen into the public domain due to the copyright period expiring on it. (And for the record, the Conan Doyle estate has been a pretty vigorous copyright hound for the past several decades and has gone through lots of litigation over protecting their copyright in for-profit cases.) Fan fiction done for-profit without the express permission of the original author/rights holders is not only illegal, it’s immoral as well. What the author did in this case is nothing but plagiarism and stealing, pure and simple, and she deserves to be punished to the full extent of the law. It still boggles my mind that in today’s Internet era ANYONE thinks they will escape notice when they pull this crap. It’s far easier now than ever to catch thieves like this in the act. Most fanfic I’ve read actually has some original takes of the author’s own. For example, Sherlock Holmes derivatives use the original characters and (not always) the setting, but at least invents new adventures and plots. This is basically word for word with a few changes. Like someone “writing” A Study in Scarlet but making the detective Hemlock Soames and the sidekick John Watney, and setting it in Manchester and Colorado instead of London and Utah. But Sherlock Holmes is in the public domain. You can bet your butt that if I wrote a book starring Harry, Hermione, and Ron, no matter HOW transformative, I’d get cease-and-desist’ed right quick if I tried to sell it for profit. It’s like those books that came out a few years ago that take classic novels and put monsters in them. “Pride and Prejudice and Zombies” is the example that comes to mind. P&P is no longer protected by copyright law so no special permissions are needed to repackage it with zombies. But if I tried to release “Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets…. with Ghosts!” that would absolutely not fly. Sherlock Holmes has only recently fallen into public domain due to the copyright period expiring on some of the works, and even then the estate is still litigating the case because not all of the works are in the public domain yet. Thanks Tymber for the extra info! I didn’t know that about SH. I should have said “Sherlock Holmes is in the public domain, I assume.” 🙂 Worth noting that even the writers for the current BBC Sherlock series have said they consider their show essentially to be fanfiction, in the sense that Arthur Conan Doyle would probably have not approved 😛 I write a lot of Sherlock fanfic (as well as original M/M romance), and I do appreciate that the show’s creators are explicitly fine with it. This situation is not fanfiction. This is “Wow, turns out ‘writing’ is a lot faster when I copy parts wholesale from another book so I don’t have to think while I do it!” TOTALLY different thing. Actually that was decided, at least in the USA, Holmes is public domain, all of it. http://variety.com/2014/biz/news/sherlock-holmes-case-decision-public-domain-1201346225/ rowenacherry Doesn’t Amazon have a line where original authors have explicitly given permission for their works to be fan-ficced, and the original authors are paid something? Becky McGraw Yes, it’s called Kindle Worlds. I’ve written a crossover novella for Cat Johnson’s Hot SEALs series and my Deep Six Security series in her Hot SEALs Kindle World. There are rules in place to protect both the originator of the series and the authors who write in ‘her world’. It’s not willy-nilly, use what you want. If we create a location in her world, it has to stay there. Like a bar or restaurant. We can’t ever include it in one of our books. Cat made arrangements that we could keep any characters we create in her world, which was nice. Amazon Kindle Worlds owns the rights to the novellas and they determine the format that the work can be published in and how that will be done, but we make royalties from the sales. http://www.amazon.com/gp/bestsellers/digital-text/6305074011/ref=pd_zg_hrsr_kstore_1_3_last I always hear that 50 Shades is Twilight fanfic. How???? It doesn’t reuse the same universe. Or the same characters. Or the same situations. Oh, except that it has a romance between a dominant male and a not-so-dominant female. But then again, so do hundreds of thousands of other books. Oh! They do both take place in small towns… no… wolves? It was originally available as what fanfic writers call an AU, or alternate universe, story. In that, the characters did have the same names, but the vampirism was swapped out for alternative sexuality. (And they added a few years to Bella’s age, to make her legal!) The interest in AU’s lies largely in seeing how a fanfic writer can take the same recognizable characters, and put them into a changed universe. Readers enjoy seeing these variant interpretations of how their beloved characters respond in a different setting. The good news is that I’ve spent something like four years writing about 50 Shades and pointing out nearly every parallel between it and Twilight right here on this blog. 😀 The first indication, however, is that E.L. James wrote the book as Snowqueen’s Icedragon on fanfiction.net, as a fanfic of Twilight in which she removed the vampire/werewolf elements and replaced them with BDSM/scary minority elements. While doing this she took elements of other fan fictions without permission from those fic authors. When the fic became popular, she did a find/replace for the names. When put through plagiarism detecting software, 50 Shades of Grey is 83% similar to the Twilight fan fiction she wrote. She just changed the names. Because of this, most of the same characters and dynamics in the Twilight universe are present in 50 Shades of Grey. Edward becomes Christian, who wants to hurt Bella (now Ana) not because he’s a vampire, but because he’s a sadist. The entire series is about Christian fighting that urge (as Edward fought his urge to harm Bella), until she eventually acquiesces to submit to him sexually in order to stay in a relationship with him (as Bella became a vampire to stay with Edward forever). There are a host of similarities in real life, as well, with E.L. releasing a book written from Christian’s POV (as Meyer had planned to do with Edward’s POV in Midnight Sun), then claiming that the book was stolen and leaked (which actually happened with Meyer’s Midnight Sun). The retelling, Grey, also shares similarities with Midnight Sun. Basically, there’s so much evidence that E.L. James deliberately ripped off Stephenie Meyer that many people in the publishing world are astonished that legal action wasn’t taken. Donya Lynne Fifty Shades was originally written as fan fiction under the title Masters of the Universe, using the same Twilight characters. Only after it became so popular did the author change all the names and anything that could have been considered plagiarism so she could publish it. HOPE WELSH The origina–Master of the Universe–was a fanfiction. In Fifty Shades, she changed their names to Christian and Ana, from Edward and Bella. Of course, they aren’t at all similar to Twilight, which is why I think it’s so absurd that people are still complaining that it’s ‘fan fiction’, when the current version is clearly not even remotely similar to the world of Twilight. Hope, and you new here or something??? 83% isn’t similar? N.R.Tupper The characterizations of the characters were based on Bella and Edward and in the first several chapters of 50 Shades that is starkly obvious. Anastasia IS Bella, with a new name. E.L.James herself admits that 50 Shades was fanfic… but it was an AU fanfic which means once she switched the names she could publish. If you’re not familiar with fanfic none of that probably makes sense but it’s par for the course in the fanfic world to have characters that are based on the original source but who deviate so much that eventually they’re OC’s instead of copies of the original. You see a lot of Cthulhu Mythos stuff as well and that’s clearly fan fiction in a sense (I even published some, as the publisher not the author). That’s allowable because like Sherlock Holmes, or Alice in Wonderland, or Grimm’s Fairy Tales, it’s in the public domain and during his life he encourage other authors to use his ideas as well. I don’t see any problem making money off fan fiction for works in the public domain or that are licensed by the original rights holder or their estate. There’s precedence for the latter for example with Robert E. Howard’s Conan and the myriad of novels and comics the character has appeared in. Actually I vaguely recall an author who encouraged her fans to submit items. They would make spin-off stories and submit fanart to her, and she would publish it in anthologies with their names if she liked their work. I don’t know if the fans got money off of it, or just got resume credit for their portfolios or what-have-you, but she actually enjoyed a stronger bond with her fans for letting them have permission to play in her world. It didn’t hurt that she also ended up with more product to sell on her site. I wish I could remember her name off the top of my head. But in case you are wondering, check out the Star Trek/Star Wars/ Marvel books that have been authorized by the owning publishing company. I knew someone who wrote a short story for… I believe it was Star Trek. He got paid a flat rate of $400.00 when they accepted it and they got full rights to the story. That is actually a thing that can be done, and I believe that may be what Laura had in mind. Just because it’s fanfiction doesn’t mean that the original creator and fan can’t both benefit. The trick is in open communication and negotiation if the creator is willing. Going behind their back and changing stuff in order to release it anyway after you’ve approached them with your idea and they’ve refused, or releasing fanfiction as original work without contacting the author? That would be plagiarism and worth pursuing legal action over. Kelley Armstrong might be the author you’re thinking of, she’s very encouraging towards people writing in general and within her verses. Payment was sorted offscreen but I got the impression it was all done fairly and she made sure they got credit. Mercedes Lackey has done that. She has several Valdemar anthologies out, and in most if not all of them, she wrote one of the stories. The other short stories were written by other writers. I’m not sure whether she takes things that people just send her on their own or if she contacts author friends to write for her. (Some, if not all, of the contributors are authors in their own rights…if not necessarily well-known.) Now I wonder how compensation works. The anthologies themselves are published under Lackey’s name only, but the stories inside will tell you who wrote them. Maybe she pays a flat rate to own the rights? Interestingly, she is also on record as being adamantly against fanfiction (though I might have seen something where she softened her stance just a bit) even when it has the usual fanfic disclaimers; her concern was that it would open her up to liability should she write her own story with too many similarities. I assume the difference is that she’s soliciting (or at least curating) the submissions that she publishes in her collections. John Helfers I’m the packager of the most recent Valdemar anthologies (No True Way, and Crucible), and have worked with Misty on the entire series from Sword of Ice on (as well as the two Elemental Masters anthologies that came out a few years ago). To shed some light on how those particular anthologies work, the stories (submitted from invited authors that are approved by her) are work-made-for-hire, as they are set in Misty’s created universe of Valdemar. The authors sign over all rights, as they are playing in her world, and Misty ends up owning the stories outright. The authors are aware of this when they sign the contract, and of course, have the right to not have their story appear if they wish (no one does :). The authors are paid an advance upon story acceptance, and a share of royalties if/when the anthology earns out. So, although she may be against unauthorized fan fiction for the aforementioned reason above, Misty doesn’t have a problem with creator-approved fiction in her world/s written by authors she knows and trusts. Very interesting, Mr. Helfers, thank you. It seems I wasn’t too far off. I was on a fanfic panel at a convention a few years ago where I voiced my discomfort with fanfiction for profit (and I say that as a long-time fanfic writer and reader.) Boy was THAT not the right thing to say! There are apparently very, very strong opinions out there that fanfic sold for profile, even without the author’s say-so, is aokay and a great way to gain exposure as a new author. Just giving you a heads-up before you get argued down by an entire room like I did! Marty, This is awful! I agree with you: fanfiction should never be for profit. If you are too lazy to create your own world, you shouldn’t make money from the world someone else created! I wrote a lot of fanfictions and now I am writing originals. I would never use my fanfictions to make money. P.S. I would take the fight head on! I feel very strongly about that as an author and a fanfiction writer. Yes, I will tell I write fanfiction and it may help me sell my original work, but I will never sell it! Seanna I know some authors have opened up their “worlds” to fellow author friends in Kindle Worlds. I assume there is profit sharing going on. The Kindle Worlds program is different. It’s authorized, and the authors must follow certain guidelines for participation. Not all works are accepted, either. In a case like that, that’s a perfectly legitimate situation. This was a comment to someone who wanted to know of legitimate ways so sell fan fiction type stories. I really like the collaboration and consent in the setup. Not knocking Kindle World, actually I am quite excited about it. My comment didn’t match up right. No worries. 🙂 no, no no…. If anyone wants to be an author and be proud of what you put out there, then BE ORIGINAL. It’s not really that hard. Stealing is stealing. Period. Copyright laws are there, they don’t need to catch up. They need to be enforced. People need the understanding just because you can do something, doesn’t mean you SHOULD. There is no pride in taking another’s work and rebooting it and claiming at your own. To do so it lying to readers. I think what you’re referring to would be fan-fiction in which you can publish it on Wattpad for free (you can’t ask people to buy something you copied that heavily from). Some authors have started with fan-fiction and then changed it enough to their own to be able to sell them (i.e.: Twilight v. 50 Shades, etc). But this kind of direct line for line copy isn’t okay in any way unless done by the author. I’m not suggesting in any way that what Laura Harner did is okay. Not in any way, shape, or form. I’m a writer myself, and I put a lot of work into what I write, and I take great pains to try for something original. That said, Shakespeare’s Hamlet is an almost plot-point-by-plot-point copy of a Scandinavian legend. That in no way suggests that Shakespeare is a plagiarist. But I do think it is possible to take the gist of a story and make it your own. Writers take stories they love and tell them with their own spin. In this case, I don’t think changing a character’s gender is enough to call it Harner’s “own spin.” Clearly she took these works written by other authors, and she went paragraph by paragraph to change a word or phrase here or there. If she wanted to tell a story like that, I just don’t get why she couldn’t break it down to the plot points–taking the house to the studs, if you will–and rebuilt the story to make it her own. That’s still lazy in a lot of ways, but then people would be calling her a hack, but she wouldn’t be labeled a plagiarist. Just FYI Shakespeare’s Romeo& Juliet has a plot lifted wholesale from an earlier Italian work. Scholars are still debating to what degree we can call him a plagiarist. You kind of defeated your own argument here though by clearly describing that it isn’t what LH did. There is a massive difference between taking a skeleton of a story and putting your own spin on it to where it looks nothing like the original and doing an almost line by line copy and paste with certain details fudged or some words moved around a little. Fiction is derivative there is no denying it, but doing a copy/paste+find/replace isn’t in the same field as talking about derivative fiction. That’s quite a different discussion. That’s pretty much what I was saying. I wasn’t trying to suggest that LH did anything right. I was simply saying that, if she wanted to copy someone’s work, she could have saved herself a lot of heartache by stripping a story down to its bare bones and filling it back up with her own words and characters. I wasn’t arguing anything. 😛 And I think we’re in agreement. They are massively different. Brenda Cothern From my experience, what you are suggesting is what fanfic writers often do. I don’t have a fanfic background but I do know some fanfic writers who do exactly what Harner did. The difference is, they don’t sell the work, nor do they claim it as their own. wanders off to check her titles against Harner’s HC Leigh lolol, Brenda. Candice Vetter No, it is never acceptable to take the ideas and storylines belonging to other authors, tweak them (with or without permission) and then publish them. The only thing acceptable is a loving homage, a parody, or continuing use of characters and situations with permission (think the Star Wars novels). If you can’t think of your own stories and characters you’re not a writer. I write m/m and m/f contemporary romance, and wanted to do just this. Same story written two different ways. Once for m/f, and one for m/m, mostly to show people that love is love and isn’t very different once you get down to the basics. However, the LGBT community doesn’t take kindly to having gender so easily substituted and it could be seen as a brush off. Not something I care to do to anyone, especially not a group of people who deal with enough bigotry and stereotypes on a daily basis. Sensitivity goes a long way. Thanks for putting into words what I couldn’t quite get straight in my head. I would never have read the “original” but I loved Laura’s version. It took a lot of effort I’m sure to rewrite a M/F to a M/M. I wish she could have found a way to collaborate/share profits as you suggested–would have been a win-win for readers and all authors in my opinion. I respectfully disagree, Jen. It was very easy to change names and a few words around. It probably takes longer to go grocery shopping than it did to “write” Harner’s “book”. I haven’t read any of the books, so it’s hard to know how long it takes or how much work it is to do what she did, but I think the main issue is that what she did wasn’t “writing” a book, it was more like remixing a song – it was a slightly different take on essentially the same material, intended to appeal to a different audience. This is a marketing strategy, and not a crazy one – what’s crazy is that it wasn’t her book and that she had no rights to the material she was “remixing,” so to speak. (And by “crazy” I mean totally illegal and wrong, wrong, wrong.) I can definitely see both sides of the issue when it comes to whether this would be a positive or a negative thing for people in the LGBT community – “love is love” is an inspirational message and yet people might feel like their lives are trivialized when they’re treated as equivalent to someone else’s. So even if it is a clever marketing strategy (if done in some legal manner!), it has its potential pitfalls. But the idea that this could be a way to make a story appealing to a new market seems interesting and more to the point, to the extent that she sold any of these books, it obviously worked. Plagiarizing is obviously not the way to do this, but maybe “remixed” romance stories in general are not a terrible idea – in both directions. HC Leigh, I’d love to see it if you end up doing this – especially since you’re familiar with both genres. I don’t think “both directions” works for this kind of thing. Taking a story that involves minority characters and erasing them is generally… not a good thing. This shit would never fly, not even in fanfic. In the fandom, this is what we call copy-pasta, that is, she’s copy pasted the novel into a word document and replaced some portions of the text. Even fanfiction websites, such as AFF, AO3 and FFN (thought the mods on FFN are really rubbish and probably wouldn’t enforce their own rules) would declare this plagiarised content and ban hammer it. This is because the writing is identical in many passages, and indistinguishabel from the source material in other. That being said, fanfic authors usually have a lot more imagination than this. They don’t really want to read the same story twice, albeit with search replaced names and pronouns. They want wacky hijinks, want to be hit in the feels, they want smut and improbable aus, like what would happen if they all suddenly turned into animals, or they worked in a coffee shop together IDEK, just surf around AO3 for a bit and you’ll see what I mean. Fandom isn’t interested in recreating the source material so much as they’re interested in completely re-purposing it. I can’t see this sort of thing being very popular at all. At least not on the fanfiction circuits I frequent. Also, isn’t fan fiction technically original writing with the established characters? So you wouldn’t just take a whole chapter wholesale and change a few words, you’d have the characters from the other works doing different things. So it’s borrowing from the universe but not plagiarism exactly. I’m not a fiction writer of any kind, so grain of salt, but that’s my understanding. You still have to write fan fiction. Kit Harding Kinda depends on the fanfic, but if it’s too close to the original the writer will probably get put into the same category as people who put illegal PDFs of books online for people to read. The only way they get away with it now is that they’re not the same story, even if they use the same characters. (I even know of someone who did the “tell the story from the perspective of the other character” in The Immortals fandom well before Midnight Sun was a thing, and she manages to make the story so different.) This is definitely a problem with the plan to just call this “fan fiction” and say it’s okay as long as you don’t make money off of it – there’s too much of the original work there to give it away for free, too. It sounds like most people are saying there’s just no way for this stuff to exist in the world and be okay. I’m still not completely convinced that there COULDN’T be a way for this to not be shady, but if there is, it’s damn hard to come up with it… goddesstio Exactly, this was no kind of adaptation, this was just copying. She didn’t even take two men and put them in the same situation and rewrite it, she just copy-pasted chunks of the books changing names. Fuck, even the dreaded EL James did more work than her. This isn’t even in the fan fiction realm. Yeah. Writing fanfiction is not copying whole-sale and editing pronouns, nouns, and a few sentences here and there. This is outright theft. And its intentional. I remember writing essays in middle school where you had to excerpt passages from textbooks – but couldn’t do it word for word or else it would be plagarism. So of course, smart students would edit the phrasing of the sentences but keep the meaning intact. This plagerizer knew exactly what she was doing when she did it. She was fairly clever about it too, but not very smart, at the end of the day. Writing fanfiction should be (notice I said should be, I know we dont live in a perfect world) about writing. Sure, you use other writer’s playgrounds, you take their characters… but you put them in scenarios and relationships and conflicts that the original authors dont. You write the story you wanted to read with other people’s characters and settings. Its still writing. Getting paid for your fanfiction, well, everyone’s mileage will vary on that one. That’s closer to the notion of fan fiction. It usually falls into one of two categories (and I’m referencing Sheenagh Pugh’s excellent book on fan fiction, “The Democratic Genre”): “more of” or “more from.” Fan writers often are writing the further adventures of , or else using the medium of fiction to explore and comment on different interpretations of the original text. The latter can include things like gender-swapping, retelling a scene from different a character’s viewpoints, filling in backstories and gaps in the main story, and so on. Even if it isn’t plagiarism because you aren’t copying anything you are still violating trademarking or copyright agreements which is equally as bad. Like sure it might be an original story, but you only did half the work. You didn’t come up with the universe or it’s rules or have to develop a character more than the scope of the story you are telling. I think that is equally as skeevy. I’m not saying you can’t take fanfiction and transform it eventually so it looks nothing like where you started, but a crappy copy job is no better or worse than ripping off elements you didn’t create and trying to pass them off as your own thing even if you do write original content. It’s still stealing from the author and it’s even worse because you are trying to use the fanbase the author already built to further your goals. Just to link some info about copyright and fanfic: http://www.isfanficlegal.com/post/84051057134/ontransformativeworks and http://www.isfanficlegal.com/post/129091098544/heidi8-fair-use-is-wholly-authorized-by-the LOL what’s funny is that Heidi Tandy is a known plagiarist herself. Lorelielong@gmail.com People who have sharper eyes than me need to check out editor Jae Ashley’s very, very extensive oeuvre, and possibly also TA Webb and Haven Fellows. Jade Baiser so Because they are friends you think you have the right to slander them? Be careful, they are entitled to sue you, and I wouldn’t blame them. It’s not slander to suggest that people take a closer look at certain authors for possible plagiarism, and nobody is entitled to sue. lol. I agree, you would also have to add a few more names in that group as well. Don’t start slandering others just because they are friends!!!!! Marlobo You know to what your opinion looks alike? To that one from bigots that believe gayness is catchy. I deplore your words and your speedy judgment about people which probably they will become ones of the most harmed persons for all this, since it would be not only the impact for the stealing but due to the abuse of their personal feelings. No. This is not like homophobia at all. That’s a really bad comparison that waters down the severity of homophobia. Perhaps it was not the best comparison and in no way my intention was waters down the severity homophobia, but I think that the essence of my comment is anyway. Perjudice is a bad thing, always Sorry, errata, the correct sentence is: “The essence of my comment is clear anyway” Lorelie Brown I was working from the fact that TA Webb and Havan Fellows don’t seem to have any sort of internet presence outside of GoodReads and sub-pages of the plagiarist’s homepage and my hope that an editor who saw that much work across such an insanely wide spectrum might be astute enough to notice drastic changes in voice and skill. But by all means. Call me a bigot. It’s nice to know this early which direction the “don’t be mean” squad is going to veer. Just because you can’t find them on social media doesn’t mean that they’re plagiarists. There are major NY Times authors that don’t even have websites in this day and age. Are you going to accuse them of being plagiarists also? Yes we all use social media to connect to authors, readers, bloggers, etc. Some people just aren’t that big into social media or don’t have the time if they still work a day job along with writing. Others just don’t care to be sucked into being online so much. That doesn’t make them a plagiarist though. so if you have a life and you’re working your ass off to write, and you don’t have time to socialize on the internet, you’re a plagiarist? If one of your cousin is a drug dealer, that means you are too? I understand that people are angry because of what Laura did, but stop implying that her friends did the same! And Laura works with other authors but you seem to focus on those two, why? Did you read some of their work? I defy you to find anything that’s not theirs. So spill your anger on who deserve it, and stop pointing at honest people I don’t see anywhere that Lorelie called them plagiarists. I see where Lorelie suggested that perhaps checking the work of co-authors of an exposed plagiarist is a smart idea. You know what? It is. Not because “Oh, they know her, so they’re definitely plagiarists maliciously ripping off everyone else’s work. But because they worked directly with Harner, and they have their names on books that might contain plagiarized content. Without looking at their work (and other works from the editor who handled Harner’s books), they’re still going to be suspect for some people. If we do look at their work and there’s no plagiarism (which their probably won’t be), then we can conclude that any plagiarism that may be found in the co-written books is the sole responsibility of Harner. I have personally met T.A. Webb to an event three years ago. the reason why he does not have a presence on the web lately is since he has serious health issues he is going through, and moreover he lost his beloved father after a long illness and they were very close to each other. So please be careful to people you are attacking, they can be in a state where your words can be provoke a huge damage. TinaNicole Lots of people have also met Laura Harner. Authors and readers, alike. Checking out other authors/pen names associated with a known plagiarist isn’t a witch hunt, nor is it remotely like homophobia or any hate group. The last plagiarist that was outted ended up having several other pen names he was working (plagiarizing) under. Labeling other authors plagiarists for simply being linked to one is wrong. But that wasn’t was suggested by the original commenter and what was suggested was completely reasonable and logical. She certainly didn’t deserve to be jumped on the way she was for it and the reaction she got just goes to show how often the people exposing these things are attacked and made out to be the bad guys, imho. Thanks for being so thorough on this, Jenny. Hopefully the original authors will be able to get some recourse. Princess S.O. Then you may as well pick up pitch forks and torches, done the white cap hoodies and go after every author out there. To even suggest a mass mob attack strickly based on association is no less a course of witch hunt. The gay fiction community is a small one, and every author in it has rubbed elbows with the next at some point or another. Just because one is discovered to be guilty of some criminal actions doesnt mean everyone else has. That’s like saying if my nieghbor steals an apple from the fruits stand then everyone in the neighborhood should get their hand chopped off. Its not only hateful– its stupid. Please do not compare an internet comment to a klan raid, lynch mob, or witch hunt, especially when those things still exist. Cynthia Sax IMHO… Opal is one of the nicest, most generous writers on the planet. I can’t wrap my head around anyone trying to harm her. I agree. I know Opal well and she is not only a wonderfully nice and generous person, she is also one of the hardest working, and for someone else to rip her off and get rewarded for it is unjust. I hope the plagiarist is brought down hard. Plagiarism Sucks! \| bookwhorelounge […] http://jennytrout.com/?p=9693 […] zoegrl Unbelievable! I don’t know why, but I’m always amazed when people do things like this. I guess it’s cuz it’s not something I’d do. Sad. Has her website been hacked? In the header picture on the homepage there’s a picture of (I assume) Laura Harner and a wolf. There’s text there now that I’m assuming is new. Over her picture it says “No — > > not me. But I liked it so much I’ll replace it with me!” And another arrow pointing to the wolf part that says “no, not me either.” Website is http://lauraharner.com/book-table/ No, I looked at her website a few months back and that quote about the picture not being her was there then. I found it curious then. “Deuce Coop” is also still mentioned on her blog in a post from Feb 4th: http://lauraharner.com/category/blog/ Regina Chapman Just so you know something good is coming from these posts, Jenny…I’m now looking into Opal Carew and buying Kidnapped. 🙂 On an unrelated note: can you post your Patreon somewhere, like on the ‘About’ page or something? I think I found it once through a mention in the forum of one of your posts…but if it was in a central place that would make it a lot easier to donate! Whoops, I see you added it, nevermind:) This is just SO malicious. There’s no way to pretend she had any good intentions. I’ve never read a story I thought was perfect. Even books I adore, I think, “oh I wish it would’ve ended this way” “I didn’t like that scene” “this character could’ve been developed better” etc. etc. so there’s no way this woman found all these dozens of stories that were absolutely perfect except the gender of the protagonist. For her to take the EXACT stories, copy-paste, change some words and pronouns, and then SELL them for MONEY?! Wrong wrong wrong wrong wrong. I feel so horrible for all those authors who had their work stolen. Marilynn Britton The reason I never got into reading “romance” novels was that I read one and it was OK but when I got a second one and started reading it I thought it sounded very familiar. I got the first book and compared it to the second. Word for word they were exactly the same except for the names. I wish I could remember the books now but all I remember is that they were Harlequin Romances. Oh and with different titles and authors. Autumn Piper I can only hope you’re not an author of any sort, since you don’t appear to put much thought into what you write/post. This is a blog post directed toward warning romance authors about someone who is making a career of stealing their work. So saying what you did is not only uninformed about the genre today, but extremely rude to those who’ll be reading the post and comments: authors of romance. I read probably 50 romance novels per year, have edited over 100 romance novels, and have written 11 romance novels under 2 different pen names. Never have any 2 of these romance novels had even a single page of similarity to compare with what was quoted above, let alone “word for word”. Harlequin did have a formula, one that worked very, very well. Many talented (and bestselling) authors have come from Harlequin, despite the fact that it (still) is touted as the industry’s “worst” case. The formula–although by no means “word for word”–did require certain lengths, archetypes, character arcs and of course, a happy ending. But it worked for their audience and made many people lots of money, the same way other formulas work. (Consider “I Love Lucy” episodes, James Bond movies, any crime-solving movie or book, mysteries, etc. Always a certain framework readers expect.) However, to patently assume (and yes, in this case at least someone here made an ass of themselves by that old adage) today’s romance novels are the same, to insinuate that it doesn’t matter if someone is out stealing authors’ hard-written work, really only serves one purpose: proving your ignorance. Do you automatically assume every children’s TV show on today is exactly the same as Mr. Rogers’ Neighborhood, simply because you watched 2 episodes of Mr. Rogers and they were similar?) In the future, a bit of consideration should accompany your key strokes. I never claimed to be a writer, just a reader, so maybe I didn’t phrase it well. My comment was on my experience with plagiarism and remarking that plagiarism could very well have the effect of turning off a reader to a genre as well as to certain pen names. Maybe it was just bad luck picking up two books, original and plagiarized as my first in a genre but the two books I read WERE word for word. I do have quite a few authors for friends and at least two of them have written romance novels. I am aware that there was and maybe still is a formula for Harlequin romance novels but word for word is plagiarism and is bad for the readers as well as the authors. The two books I read were extreme examples of plagiarism and I don’t know who the original author was but it turned me off to both as well as the genre for a while. I am not the one doing name calling. Ass. Ignorant. Looks like someone is a little sensitive, maybe guilty of something here. I notice that there appears to be a “Report Restricted Content” flag on the screenshot of the book page on the ARE site. Harper Rush I’m sorry, but what was done is stealing. It’s not retrofitted fanfiction, it’s taking an already published book, changing a name and a gender and submitting it as original work. You can dress it up, slap some lipstick on it and call it whatever you want, but it’s STILL THIEVERY. One author worked her butt off to produce a story, another author took that work, changed a few things around and said, “Oh look, I wrote something new,” when she didn’t. There was no permission, no, hey let’s share an idea. It’s just wrong, any way you hold it up to to the light and look at it. But also can we talk about what a terrible character name “Deuce” is? Where I come from it’s slang for shit and I can’t imagine any cool motorcycle club guy standing for it as a nickname. In other cultures “Deuce” is a synonym for “the devil”. It is also card player slang for the two (not necessarily “Number Two” which is British for a bowel movement) which is not the best card one can be dealt, especially if it is the 2 of Clubs. Layla Wolfe Ajax, I always think the exact same thing when I see a character named Deuce. Did you grow up in California? To me, it’s “dropping a deuce.” NOT the most savory name for a hero. Maybe the Bad Guy. 🙂 Layla, I grew up in Seattle, but most the west coast slang went all the way up the coast. And definitely a name for the bad guy. Or the sidekick everyone mocks! Melanie Nowak This is obviously horrible and an outrage. I only know Laura Harner indirectly – I am the co-founder of a not-for-profit organization that she is a member of and our reviewers have reviewed many of her books. I do not really know her directly, but I have been told by someone that she has at times hired a ghostwriter for some of her books and the plagiary may have been committed by them without her knowledge. I have never understood ghostwriting myself (if you want to write a book, write your own damn book!) but I am wondering what the implications would be if that were true. Is it an excuse – a scapegoat? If it were true, how would she know? At the end of the day, her name is on the work and the responsibility is on her to take ownership of it – she is the one who has collected the royalties for something she did not write. It is a deplorable situation. I feel very badly for not only the authors plagiarized, but for the many other authors she has shared co-writing credit with. No matter the outcome, this will haunt her career and in turn cast negative light on all of her work – including books that were legitimately written with other authors who collaborated with her in good faith and have truly written fine work. Kathryn Ruffins What if you’re doing something with an authors advice and permission using thier characters? Would publishing that be a violation of some kind if they know and have input? Just want to make sure. The copyright holder would have to give explicit written permission which would be documented in the new work. “Character x, Y, & Z belong to author X, and appear here by permission.” Get their consent in writing. That is allowed if you have explicit permission, credit the author in the book, and have a contract signed ahead of time. For example, I am writing a sports romance and asked a fellow author if I could put one of her baseball teams from her series in my book and give a character or two a cameo. She said yes and I will give her final say over how they are portrayed and take all precautions prior to publishing. That’s a whole different ball of wax from plagiarism. Marian Perera I used to write fanfiction. Two other writers liked an original character I created, and asked if they could borrow her for their own fanfics. I was fine with that, especially since they’d asked me. Both of them added “author’s notes” to their stories saying the character belonged to me and I’d given permission for them to use her. So no, I didn’t consider this a violation at all. And that was for a fanfic, something I did purely for the love without any intention of getting paid. If someone wanted to use a character from my published original fiction, the process would be a lot more formal. I’d have to check if my publisher would agree, and as others have said, permission would need to be given in writing. Everyone else already came up with the correct answer, but just to add. Definitely make sure there is something in writing that both parties have agreed upon/signed etc. Also this is somewhat of a standard business practice for large franchises to contract out characters for standalone series and such. Just make sure everything is above board on both ends as there is no need to get scammed and then get into trouble regarding plagiarism/copyright/trademark after the fact. Also while friends are cool and I love mine you should still always get something in writing so you have proof of what you both agreed upon should the worst come to pass. I don’t have any experience with such an arrangement, but I don’t know if it would be a good idea to employ a lawyer or legal expert or not; however, couldn’t hurt. BR Kingsolver As an author, there is a lot of difference between fan fiction and plagiarism. If someone where to take a world I created and write something new and derivative, I would feel rather flattered as long as they identified me as the original source. And as far as the reference above to Shakespeare, the retelling of stories has been going on for a couple of thousand years. But that is completely different from taking my writing and publishing it, even on a fan fic site for free. Just changing the names or embellishing a bit doesn’t change the fact that you’ve stolen from me. If you started with my work and simply changed it instead of starting with a blank page, you’re a thief. I don’t believe the ghost writer theory because the whole freaking books are plagerized. I bought one of Laura Harners books but could never get into it because I kept feeling like I had already read it. Well now I know why. Because I had read Beckys original book. Duh. Makes sense now. I don’t consider these fan fic either because if you are goin to write a book and sell it it needs to be original work, not someone else’s. Cut the bullshit and stop feeling sorry for her. She is going to have to live with this. I don’t feel one bit bad for her. She did this to herself. Becky has filed copyrights on her book so I feel she does have legal grounds to go after her with gusto. ourtrumpcard But unfortunately the gusto will cost her quite a bit of money…even if she wins (after a few years of legal fees and time), she’ll be lucky to get back her legal fees much less anything else. That’s a real problem! V.S. Morgan Before I became a published author, I wrote fanfiction. While I used existing characters the words, situations, plots, etc. were my own. Plagarism is wrong in any shape or form. While I enjoyed writing fanfiction and it honed my writing skills, I have retired and would never expect to profit from those stories. I want to be known for the work that is 100% mine. What do I do with these maybe-plagiarized books? \| See Sadie Read […] fact, I own nine of them, at least one of which is a compilation of three books and one of them (so far) has been identified as stolen. Of the others, all are still available on Amazon, which […] I just found out about all of this today, and one of my friends is one of the plagiarized authors. This makes me ill. I know the time, effort, energy and love authors put into their books. For someone to so blatantly profit from others words is disgusting to me. Remain Anon I am the significant other of one of the authors (let’s use the pseudonym PU) that has co-written with LH, and I can tell you, that PU is devastated at this turn of events. PU is a prolific reader, as well as a hard working author, along with a full time job and a family. I am actively involved in PU’s writing career, beta reading, editing etc etc, and if there had been any indication of this whatsoever, PU would have ran as fast as possible away from it. How does this work for prompts for groups in goodreads? I know when people write prompts, they often have bits and pieces of their favorite of books that they loved. Would that be considered plagiarism? I am not talking about straight up taking something from another book but writing the prompt on what they would like to be included based off what they read that they liked the most. I wouldn’t consider this plagiarism but would authors? It honestly depends on what the prompt is, what it’s purpose is, etc.; I’m not familiar with those on Goodreads, so I’m going to discuss them in general, if that’s okay? For example, if the prompt wanted writers to reflect on a certain aspect of a certain book or series (such as “If you lived Lyra’s world (in the His Dark Materials series), what do you think your daemon would be?” or “What aspects of Lyra’s world do you find most advanced when compared to our own? What seems the most backwards?”), and writers quoted or referenced certain parts of the books that described different animals and what they meant as daemons, it wouldn’t be plagiarism. Readers would understand that the ideas were not their own and were coming from the series being questioned (although this rule only goes for informal writing, such as online posts – formal, academic writing requires full citations for any and all outside information and ideas to avoid plagiarism. But that’s a whole other kettle of fish.) But if it was closer to a creative writing prompt, there’s two ways it can go. Let’s say the prompt is closer to “You find yourself in Lyra’s world. What are your first thoughts? What form does your daemon take? What do you do?”, with the intention of readers writing a self-insert story to explore the world on their own. If they reference the elements of the book series (such as the concepts of daemons, the various differences between her world and ours, etc), without claiming the elements as their own or making a profit from it, then their response would be fanfiction. Fanfiction is legal and not considered plagiarism due to it being an inherently derivative work, based on original works by other authors (even in the case of alternate realities and “what if” stories that change core aspects of characters or worlds). However, if the writers decide to write a response by… say… taking a creature from another, unrelated series (say an original creature from… Harry Potter?) and use that as their daemon, including all of the unique characteristics of that species without giving credit to the author/creator of the creature to begin with, then that would be plagiarism because they would be passing the concept of the creature off as their own (doubly so if they use bits and pieces from the other series to describe the creature). Okay, thanks, that does make sense to me. Alisa Mullen Jenny, you continue to amaze me with these posts. Another situation where find/replace button in MS Word is the best invention since something monumentally important. Ah…brain isn’t working – Let’s go buy a book – find/replace fifty – seventy common words with synonyms and hit publish. How she sleeps at night, I won’t ever know. It’s not fanfic people – she probably doesn’t even read the freaking story. She is a thief NOT a fan. Vivacia K Hmn. The cover for her book SALVATION is nearly identical to the cover of the initial release of ANGELS PREY, which came out in early 2013 from Noble Romance. (A company which collapsed, so I self-published with new cover art.) I’m curious to read samples of her book, but it’s vanished from Amazon. Guess I’ll never know. I tried to post the two covers on here, but can’t find a way to paste photos… Plagiarism and The Shit That Happened on #TheWalkingDead (#SPOILERS #TWD) \| J.M. Gregoire […] validity of Harner’s entire catalog. And, apparently, not without merit because the NEXT DAY, Trout posted again about how another title has been exposed as being plagiarized and this time from … The balls on Harner, I tell […] Ok, since I am interested in getting into writing smut– haha… actually, let me rephrase that– Since I already write smut all sorts, I just want to learn how to write good smut so I was checking out your recommendation for that book you just posted. I stayed on Amazon to browse around a bit, and I’m noticing a trend in the books. There are now a bunch of bundle erotic books for sale, which isn’t an issue since I think a collection of short stories is a good idea when you’re trying to nail down what tickles you and maybe discover new interests. The problem came when I was checking out reviews. Ella Gottfried got a couple of reviews accusing her of plagiarism on her forbidden love box set. “Horrible horrible. Basically just stealing stories from decent authors and lumping poor quality copies together in order to scam Amazon’s new “pay per page read” Kindle Unlimited format. Don’t read these, don’t support plagiarism.” It seems particularly likely that this reviewer is correct seeing as Ms. Gottfried has put out about 25 books since July. Each book contains about 50-60 shorter books, and she doesn’t display a tendency for a specific niche like most authors would develop over that period of time aside from a theme for the “forbidden”. For Jenny and anyone who writes erotic romances, you might keep an eye on these books that are cropping up to make sure your own work isn’t being ‘borrowed’ by authors who want to churn out a bunch of unedited products to capitalize on the page count of books. Is this kind of wide-scale plagiarism more prevalent in romance than in other genres? I write more towards fantasy so I’m not as familiar with it. ViolettaD The Daily Mail has picked up on the Laura Harner case. Jenny, you are mentioned by name (Jenny Trout! I know her! Well, we;ve never met, but I kinda know her). http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-3295137/Gay-romance-writer-caught-plagiarizing-best-selling-straight-romance-novelist-verbatim-admits-mistakes.html Pity they won’t expose James the same way–too busy posting puff pieces about her and her movies. Sariah Wilson This sounds so much like the Rachel Ann Nunes plagiarism case – another plagiarist who stole a book from one genre with the expectation that there would be no crossover to the other. I wouldn’t be surprised if other books turn out to be plagiarized as well. I know some people are very prolific, but that obviously isn’t the case here. She’s stolen entire novels. I do enjoy how Harner is already wrapping herself up in the victim blanket – it isn’t her fault, people don’t understand the circumstances, don’t judge her, etc., etc. Do you know how refreshing it would be to have one of these thieves step up and take personal responsibility and admit to what they’ve done? She says she made “mistakes”…right. Borrowing some PLOT POINTS can be hard to avoid within some genres (wicked but hot Earl kidnaps lovely young maiden, witty Regency debutante takes London by storm, misfit teen turns out to have supernatural powers), but nobody rips off paragraph after paragraph of prose, word-for-word, without deliberate choice. When I’ve done theatre, I’ve found that the hardest things to memorize are straight prose works, because you can’t always tell when you’re paraphrasing. If it’s Shakespeare, etc., you have the rhythm and occasional rhyming couplets to keep you on text, because you can tell when the wrong word doesn’t fit the meter or the rhyme scheme. Oh no, this wasn’t a “mistake”–escept that she thought would never get caught. *except Following standard troupes in romance isn’t a problem, but I love to see how author’s make it their own. This whole thing reminds me of the story sirens debacle A few years back . What ever happened to her anyway ? Tez Miller She’s still on Twitter, but under her name (instead of The Story Siren, which has protected Tweets). She doesn’t blog anymore. Unless this is a completely different person with the same name as her. Starving Artists, Team Players and Plagiarists - KJ Charles […] Laura Harner plagiarised m/f romances to make them into m/m romances, she didn’t just commit a theft of intellectual […] http://youtu.be/dPtH2KPuQbs not exactly the same thing but close enough . Genres and Plagiarism - The Cobalt Jade Website […] There’s been a kerfluffle in the indie publishing world lately regarding one Laura Harner, whose extensive self-published catalog of erotic romance books includes plagiarized — and not very well disguised — versions of works from a mainstream romance author. Becky McGraw. To makes things more juicy, the books in question were changed from M/F romances to M/M ones. You can read about it in detail in Jenny Trout’s exhaustive posts here, and here. […] zazzycat Villify! Without exception! There is no excuse for plagarism – it is first, dishonest; and second, a case of lazy, unprofessional lack of research. Does the author not know of Roget’s Thesaurus? Outrageous – not only should this individual be sued into oblivion, she should refund every single reader who bought ‘her’ books their money back. Lazy, deceitful, a-moral, fraudster! Unfortunately, there is no way to ban her from ever assuming the guise of novelist ever again. No doubt she’ll try again under a pseudonym. It leaves the taste of horse flem about my gums. Grrr! (Yes, waving angry fists in the air, too.) A reader’s 2 cents. I read of this thru KJ Charles’ site. Isn’t this a case of ‘author pirating author’. Blooming sad. Reading is my life and I read a lot, and I mean a lot. A few years ago I purchased a book and a few months later I purchased another book only to realize except for name changes and grammatical errors, I was pretty much reading the same book. I complained to ARe and was refunded my money. The same author is now writing / publishing in Spanish -the same ripped off works? Who knows? Such a shame to have neither integrity nor self-respect. Novelette clear out, part 2 \| See Sadie Read […] pre-existing, M/M shortcuts. Edit: I realized after reading this that it is the book referenced in this post. I wouldn’t have read it if I remembered that it was plagiarized! The […] Stealing Books in the Age of Self-Publishing \| socibuz […] work and published it under a different title. Apparently, Harner had done this before, stealing Becky McGraw’s novel My Kind of Trouble, switching genders, and calling it Coming Home Texas. For Carew, the news added […] The Onus of Original – Fallen Kittie […] when I see cases like Laura Harner, it strikes me as both bold and ironic—because it’s no secret that a number of bestsellers […] Tom Webb (T.A. Webb) I just saw this thread, and wanted to say a quick word. I wrote with Laura for a couple of years, and never had any idea there might be problems. She was a very dear friend, and while I cannot speak to the issue at hand, I can tell you I was shocked and hurt on behalf of the authors whose works were involved. As for any questions about my own works, they are my own. If anyone has any questions, I’d be happy to answer them. Plagiarism and Permissions - Radius Book Group […] 4. See reporting on Harner’s plagiarism in The Guardian, https://www.theguardian.com/books/2015/oct/28/prolific-romantic-fiction-writer-exposed-as-a-plagiarist, and on Jenny Trout’s blog, “Another book plagiarized by Laura Harner,” October 23, 2015, http://jennytrout.com/?p=9693. […] Leave a Reply to Marlobo Cancel reply	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line135
__label__wiki	0.711405	0.711405	The Unreality of Reality TV Reaches K-Dramas July 2, 2016 by Joan Vos MacDonald What’s real and what’s not is a big question, but one thing we know for sure is that reality shows are not real. Much of the action is staged, and many of the conflicts are hyper-exaggerated to provoke laughter or tears and generate ratings. Despite this obvious artifice being general knowledge, reality/variety shows continue to be very popular both in the U.S. and Korea. Reality shows are so popular that they are moving into K-drama. Lately, these shows have even inspired a trend of fictional TV about the making of reality shows. In the U.S. “Unreal,” a show about the Machiavellian schemes maneuvering a reality show styled on “The Bachelor,” scored big at several award ceremonies, winning honors that included Critic’s Choice Awards and a Peabody. K-dramas have taken the bait too. From the hilarious to the chill-invoking, several K-dramas have tackled the topic of the unreality of reality shows, using the topic to explore the bigger question of how one’s sense of reality is vulnerable. “Wanted” is the latest of these dramas. In “Wanted,” an actress is planning to retire and leave her unhappy marriage when her son is kidnapped. The only way she can ensure his survival is to film a reality show with missions doled out by her captors. The husband she is about to leave is the producer of the show. The plot premise raises plenty of questions about the role of the media in tailoring what viewers think of as reality. Who kidnapped the child? Is the kidnapping real or a publicity stunt? Did her soon-to-be ex kidnap the child to make money? Who can you trust? Should TV shows give criminals the wrong idea by publicizing crime? The drama, which stars Kim Ah Joong, Uhm Tae Woong and Ji Hyun Woo, has only been on for a few episodes but already plot developments have demonstrated that reality is all a matter of perception and that perception can be manipulated. It’s not the first time that K-dramas have tackled reality shows from a dark perspective. “The Liar Game,” starring Kim So Eun, Shin Sung Rok, and Lee Sang Yoon, focused on the filming of a psychological survival game wherein participants trick and lie to each other. To win, you had to be a really good and confident liar. What’s real and not real? What’s the truth and what’s a lie? The contestants and reality show participants were often not sure what the truth was and which goals to pursue. If they were honest when they began the game, they lied to survive. The sinister game show drama kept viewers guessing until the very end. Other K-dramas have tackled the reality show format on a lighter note. In “Eccentric Daughter-In-Law,” a fading K-pop star attempts to revive her image by appearing on a “We Got Married” style reality show. Only the singer, played by Kim Da Som, is paired with more than a prospective husband, played by Ryu Soo Young. She also acquires a prospective mother-in-law, played by Go Doo Shim. It’s a very traditional family and the fading K-pop idol Kim Da Som is not the daughter-in-law that Go Doo Shim’s very critical character was expecting. “Producers” focused on the variety type of reality show, but there was plenty of staging going on in that drama too. While it mainly focused on the characters who made the program, it provided plenty of glimpses of the off-screen manipulation that goes on when producers film reality/variety shows. The producers, played by Cha Tae Hyun, Gong Hyo Jin, and Kim Soo Hyun, knew that their show needed ratings to survive and they worked hard to make it dramatic, placing characters in difficult situations and pitting them against each other. Called a “variety drama,” it was actually filmed by the variety department at SBS, rather than the drama department. “The Greatest Love,” starring Gong Hyo Jin, Cha Seung Won, Yoon Kye Sang, and Yoo In Na, was one of the first to parody a reality show. Also based on the real matchmaking reality show, “We Got Married,” the drama shows that true love can even happen in the unreal world of staged entertainment. That has not been the case with the real “We Got Married,” which has featured real-life couples but has not resulted in matchmaking a lasting relationship. The reality show is here to stay. Part of the appeal may be seeing people react in real time to unexpected situations. Whether it brings out the worst or the best in participants, it has become a staple in prime time entertainment. Does it work in K-dramas? The viewers will have to decide. This article was originally published at KultScene: http://kultscene.com/the-unreality-of-reality-tv-reaches-k-dramas/ Genre: Korean Previous ArticleLet’s Discuss: Park Yoochun & The Changing Perception Of Leading Men in K-Dramas Next Article Retrobituary: William Moulton Marston, the Psychologist Who Created Wonder Woman	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line136
__label__wiki	0.760286	0.760286	2014-06-26 - Underground gas line explodes and burns near East Bernard (Texas), in Wharton County, 1 injured: http://www.click2houston.com/news/1-injured-when-gas-line-ruptures-near-power-plant-in-wharton-county/26678364 http://abc13.com/news/gas-line-explosion-sends-150-foot-flames-up-in-air/142620/ http://www.journal-spectator.com/article_6756ba80-fd5b-11e3-abb4-001a4bcf887a.html http://kxan.com/2014/06/27/gas-explosion-shoots-up-flames-150-feet/ Quote: "Andy Kirkland, Wharton County Emergency Management Coordinator, said a man who was driving by in a truck was hurt. He was transported to the hospital with non-life threatening injuries. John Szymanski, Wharton County Precinct 2 Constable, said, 'He was there when it exploded. I guess due to the explosion, the truck stalled out, he had to get out, run away from it and luckily, my understanding from EMS, he didn't have any burns. It was just some of injuries from the blast itself.'" 2014-06-26 - In 'separate' events, underground electrical fire erupts and power lines ignite in Ozone Park area of coastal New York City (New York): http://www.qchron.com/editions/south/power-outage-line-fire-in-ozone-park/article_a06ffa4f-94c1-5886-bd1b-a8d7a3a92531.html Quote: "More than 1,000 lost electricity due to manhole fire as lines nearby burned..." Quote: "At roughly the same time, about a quarter-mile north of the outage area, a separate incident occurred in which a fire broke out on power lines along 95th Avenue between 95th and 97th streets near the Ozone Park-Woodhaven border. Seven customers lost power there." 2014-06-26 - Underground electrical explosion and fire rocks coastal Larchmont (New York): http://westchester.news12.com/news/transformer-explosion-rocks-larchmont-neighborhood-on-addee-circle-1.8577762 Quote: "Residents of Addee Circle say an underground transformer exploded and caught fire causing flames to shoot from the ground around 6:30 p.m. They say about eight homes had to be evacuated." Note: Hydrogen sulfide is a heavier-than-air gas so it will seek out low-lying areas like underground facilities. It's also corrosive to concrete and steel, so gas, water and sewer pipes will disintegrate faster, making gas leaks and sinkholes more common. It's also reactive with rusty iron/steel and electrified copper, so it will act as the igniter for gas leaks and it will just plain cause problems with electrical infrastructure of all kinds... 2014-06-26 - Update: Fire station destroyed by fire caused by truck igniting, near coastal Beaufort (North Carolina): http://www.wnct.com/story/25888123/fire-marshall-believes-beaufort-fire-station-fire-started-in-truck http://www.witn.com/home/headlines/Firefighters-Battling-Blaze-At--264151401.html Quote: "Investigators say they have zeroed in on what probably started a fire at a the North River Fire Station near Beaufort. Carteret County Fire Marshal Eddie Lewis says the cause of fire was most likely a mechanical failure in the truck that was in the middle bay." Note: This fire station and all the trucks in it were destroyed by fire at 5:30 AM, originally mentioned in the 2014-06-22 update. Nobody was at the station at the time. Considering all the parked vehicles spontaneously igniting these days, and considering the time of the incident (wee hours) and the proximity to the coast, I figured then that one of their vehicles spontaneously igniting was probably what caused this fire... 2014-06-26 - Garage destroyed by explosion and fire at 4:45 AM, four homes damaged, in Bletchley (Britain), 2 injured: http://www.mkweb.co.uk/News/Gas-explosion-in-Bletchley-Milton-Keynes-20140626083729.htm http://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-beds-bucks-herts-28031335 http://www.express.co.uk/news/uk/484971/Early-morning-explosion-leaves-two-injured-and-severely-damages-homes http://www.miltonkeynes.co.uk/news/local/bletchley-gas-explosion-exclusive-interview-we-were-lucky-to-get-out-alive-1-6143067 2014-06-26 - Garage destroyed by explosion and fire, home damaged, in Rohnert Park (California): http://sanfrancisco.cbslocal.com/2014/06/27/rohnert-park-garage-explosion-house-fire-causes-70k-in-damage/ 2014-06-26 - Dry cleaning business damaged by explosion in coastal Poole (Britain), 2 injured: http://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-dorset-28046069 2014-06-26 - Gas station damaged by explosion near Corrigan (Texas): http://montgomerycountypolicereporter.com/freak-explosion-at-valero-store/ 2014-06-26 - Gas line explodes as man works on it, in Texarkana (Texas), 1 injured: http://www.ksla.com/story/25884001/etx-gas-explosion-sends-one-worker-to-hospital http://www.ktbs.com/story/25884064/gas-line-explosion-in-texarkana-sends-one-to-hospital 2014-06-26 - Commercial building damaged by explosion and fire in Chicago (Illinois), near Lake Michigan: http://www.myfoxdfw.com/story/25883070/authorities-explosion-in-albany-park http://abc7chicago.com/news/explosion-fire-in-albany-park/143230/ http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/local/breaking/chi-northwest-side-fire-sparks-explosion-20140626,0,33150.story Quote: "There was an explosion and fire on Chicago's Northwest Side Thursday afternoon. It happened in a commercial building at Montrose and Kimball in the Albany Park neighborhood. Neighbors say the explosion blew out windows in a building across the street." 2014-06-26 - Recycling facility building destroyed by huge 5-alarm fire at 6:35 AM in coastal Sandwich (Massachusetts): http://www.capenews.net/sandwich/fire_destroys_recycling_building_off_service_road_in_sandwich http://www.capecod.com/newscenter/firefighters-stay-sandwich-blaze-night/ http://www.capecodonline.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20140626/NEWS11/140629756/-1/rss01 http://www.capecodonline.com/apps/pbcs.dll/gallery?Date=20140626&Category=MEDIA0102&ArtNo=626009998&Presentation=desktop http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0rIpZLhd5qQ Quote: "The fire was first reported at about 6:30 Thursday morning. It was immediately categorized as a three-alarm fire but during the course of the day, it was upped to a five-alarm fire." Quote: "It's unknown if there were explosions but two witnesses reported hearing popping noises from inside the structure. Lawrence estimated that flames may have been as high as 50 feet at one time." Note: There are those popping sounds again... 2014-06-26 - Auto junkyard hit by fire, cars and sheds burn, in Orlando, in Orange County (Florida): http://www.mynews13.com/content/news/cfnews13/news/article.html/content/news/articles/cfn/2014/6/26/orlando_fire.html http://www.wesh.com/news/large-plume-of-smoke-rises-from-junk-yard-fire/26671708 http://www.wftv.com/news/news/local/fire-rips-through-building-cars-sheds-orange-count/ngSnb/ Quote: "Several cars and small sheds were damaged in the fire." 2014-06-26 - Scrap metal recycling facility erupts in flame in Colorado Springs (Colorado): http://www.kktv.com/home/headlines/Firefighters-Responding-to-Fire-Near-Astrozon---264790841.html http://www.denverpost.com/news/ci_26040010/crews-battle-fire-at-scrap-metal-yard-colorado Quote: "A heavy plume of black smoke could be seen from the southeast side of Colorado Springs when the fire broke out at American Iron and Metal near Astrozon and Hancock. The company does scrap metal recycling." 2014-06-26 - Scrapyard hit by huge fire at Higher Condurrow, Beacon, near Camborne (Britain): http://www.falmouthpacket.co.uk/news/camborneandredruth/11298969.50_firefighters_tackle_huge_blaze_at_Camborne_scrap_yard/ 2014-06-26 - Pallet bursts into flame at building under construction in Cincinnati (Ohio), nobody there: http://www.bizjournals.com/cincinnati/news/2014/06/26/developing-fire-crews-respond-to-dunnhumby-centre.html Quote: "According to Turner, a wood pallet caught fire and was immediately extinguished without injuries or damage. No one was working in the area at the time of the fire." 2014-06-26 - At least a dozen cars, garage and two homes go up in flames in Sacramento (California): http://www.kcra.com/news/fire-burns-structures-in-sacramento/26685772?tru=4HW3v http://www.sacbee.com/2014/06/26/6515714/fire-crews-work-to-contain-fire.html http://fox40.com/2014/06/26/fire-rips-through-stockton-boulevard-building/ http://www.ktvu.com/videos/news/san-francisco-12-cars-lost-in-auto-repair-shop/vCRx5X/ 2014-06-26 - Cargo ship 'Sein Sun' damaged by fire, loses propulsion and drifts, west of the island of Nauru: http://www.vesseltracker.com/en/Ships/Sein-Sun-8415859.html Quote: "The 'Sein Sun' with a crew of 19 on board was on fire, disabled and drifting, odin.tc reports. The last known position was 00 36 N 161 54 E, 310 nautical miles west of Nauru, at 7 p.m. UTC on June 24, 2014." 2014-06-26 - Tour bus bursts into flame on road in Hong Kong (China): http://www.wantinews.com/news-8605059-A-tourist-bus-suddenly-caught-fire-escape-all-20-people-in-Hong-Kong.html 2014-06-26 - Tractor trailer bursts into flame at business on Industrial Drive in Granbury (Texas): http://hcnews.com/pages/updates/tractor-trailer-cab-total-loss-in-fire/ 2014-06-26 - Tractor trailer bursts into flame on I-85 near Hartwell (Georgia): http://www.921wlhr.com/truck-fire-backs-up-traffic-on-i-85-thursday-morning/ 2014-06-26 - Tractor trailer bursts into flame on I-70 near Zanesville (Ohio): http://www.whiznews.com/content/news/local/2014/06/26/semi-full-of-pork-bellies-catches-on-fire http://www.zanesvilletimesrecorder.com/article/20140626/NEWS01/306260006/I-70E-back-open-following-semi-fire 2014-06-26 - Tractor trailer bursts into flame on I-15 near Ogden (Utah): http://www.standard.net/Police-Fire/2014/06/26/Trailer-of-semi-carrying-milk-catches-fire-on-I-15.html 2014-06-26 - Tractor bursts into flame in Cynghordy, near Llandovery (Britain): http://www.carmarthenjournal.co.uk/Crews-tackle-tractor-Cynghordy-near-Llandovery/story-21294976-detail/story.html 2014-06-26 - Tractor bursts into flame on the B4333 near Cynwyl Elfed (Britain): http://www.tivysideadvertiser.co.uk/news/11303060.print/ http://news.nom.co/tractor-fire-10219460-news/ 2014-06-26 - Box truck bursts into flame on street in Darwen (Britain): http://www.lancashiretelegraph.co.uk/news/11302170.VIDEO__Drama_as_truck_bursts_into_flames_in_Darwen/ 2014-06-26 - Truck bursts into flame in the M5 East Tunnel in coastal Sydney (Australia): https://au.news.yahoo.com/a/24326913/truck-fire-in-sydneys-m5-east-tunnel/ Quote: "The M5 East has reopened at Bexley North after a truck fire in the main tunnel." 2014-06-26 - Armored van bursts into flame at VivoCity mall in coastal Singapore: http://www.discuss.com.sg/showthread.php/23127-Certis-Cisco-van-suddenly-catches-fire-while-exiting-VivoCity-carpark http://singaporeseen.stomp.com.sg/singaporeseen/this-urban-jungle/car-suddenly-catches-fire-while-driving-out-of-vivo-city-carpark http://www.tnp.sg/news/certis-cisco-armoured-van-catches-fire 2014-06-26 - Van bursts into flame on Route 17 in Johnson City (New York): http://www.ithacajournal.com/article/20140626/NEWS01/306260015 http://www.stargazette.com/article/20140626/NEWS01/306260015/ http://www.mittcom.com/elmira/blog/2014/06/26/news-van-fire-on-route-17-in-johnson-city-causes-delays/ 2014-06-26 - Van bursts into flame on the A46 at Bidford-on-Avon (Britain): http://news.warwickshire.gov.uk/fireincidents/2014/06/26/van-fire-a46-bidford-on-avon/ 2014-06-26 - SUV bursts into flame just before 2 AM while parked at home in West Valley City (Utah): http://fox13now.com/2014/06/26/fire-in-west-valley-city-officials-say-blaze-began-in-suv/ Quote: "A fire broke out in the family’s driveway. 'We heard an explosion, and the house shook a little,' Selinas said. 'My husband ran to the living room, when he looked outside he saw our [SUV].'" Note: Sounds like it spontaneously exploded then burned, and it's not the first parked vehicle to explode and burn in the middle of the night either... 2014-06-26 - SUV bursts into flame on Telegraph Road in Monroe (Michigan): http://www.monroenews.com/news/2014/jun/26/telegraph-open-after-vehicle-fire/ 2014-06-26 - SUV bursts into flame at coastal Carova Beach (North Carolina): http://outerbanksvoice.com/2014/06/26/fire-consumes-sport-utility-vehicle-on-carova-beach/ 2014-06-26 - Pickup truck bursts into flame on I-15 in Box Elder County (Utah), tractor trailer overturns separately: http://www.standard.net/Local/2014/06/26/Rollover-truck-fire-cause-I-15-NB-delays.html 2014-06-26 - Pickup truck bursts into flame on Route 194 in Whitefield (Maine): http://www.wiscassetnewspaper.com/article/driver-firefighters-put-out-whitefield-truck-fire/36054 2014-06-26 - In separate incidents, two cars burst into flame just before midnight while parked in Farmington (Minnesota): http://www.farmingtonindependent.com/content/farmington-car-fires-labeled-suspicious Quote: "When two car fires happened within minutes, and blocks, of each other last weekend, Farmington firefighters knew something wasn’t quite right. Farmington fire chief Tim Pietsch won’t release the cause of the two fires, but called them both 'suspicious at this point.'" 2014-06-26 - Car bursts into flame on the Merritt Parkway near coastal Greenwich (Connecticut): http://stamford.dailyvoice.com/news/car-fire-slows-merritt-traffic-greenwich-stamford http://www.topix.com/city/stamford-ct/2014/06/car-fire-slows-merritt-traffic-in-greenwich-stamford http://greenwichroundup.blogspot.com/2014/06/car-fire-slows-merritt-traffic-in.html 2014-06-26 - Car bursts into flame on Cumwell Lane in Hellaby (Britain): http://www.rotherhamadvertiser.co.uk/news/96443/crew-attends-hellaby-car-fire.aspx 2014-06-26 - Car bursts into flame on the A10 near Buntingford (Britain): http://www.hertfordshiremercury.co.uk/Buntingford-and-Royston/Car-fire-on-A10-roundabout-near-Buntingford-20140626164046.htm 2014-06-26 - Car bursts into flame on Central Avenue in Ilchester (Britain): 2014-06-26 - Car bursts into flame at Ilbert Street, North Road West in coastal Plymouth (Britain): 2014-06-26 - Vehicle bursts into flame on I-94 near Kimball (Michigan): http://www.thetimesherald.com/article/20140626/NEWS05/140626002/UPDATED-Eastbound-94-closed-due-vehicle-fire 2014-06-26 - Vehicle bursts into flame in driveway at home in coastal Santa Barbara (California): http://www.edhat.com/site/tidbit.cfm?nid=136410 2014-06-26 - Golf cart bursts into flame as person drives it on road in Sun City West (Arizona): http://www.yourwestvalley.com/suncitywest/article_7e71bad6-fd50-11e3-8ecc-0019bb2963f4.html Quote: "Van Scoter said it was the first time in memory the department responded to a golf-car fire. 'We don’t get them very often. I couldn’t recall the last incident,' he said." 2014-06-26 - Quad-bike bursts into flame on Mannamead Road in coastal Plymouth (Britain): 2014-06-26 - RV trailer bursts into flame while parked at auto business in Maryville (Tennessee): http://www.thetimesherald.com/article/20140626/NEWS05/306260002/RV-fire-Marysville-believed-suspicious 2014-06-26 - Two vehicles and home destroyed by fire just before 6 AM in Sioux Falls (South Dakota), cat killed: http://www.argusleader.com/story/news/crime/2014/06/26/house-fire-western-sioux-falls/11393939/ http://www.argusleader.com/picture-gallery/news/local/2014/06/26/house-fire-in-southwest-sioux-falls/11395457/ Quote: "Two of the couple's three vehicles are a total loss, as well, and a third was damaged." 2014-06-26 - Truck maintenance facility goes up in flames at 6:38 AM in Baton Rouge (Louisiana): http://theadvocate.com/news/9566946-123/fire-damages-maintenance-bay-at http://www.nola.com/traffic/baton-rouge/index.ssf/2014/06/two-alarm_fire_on_sherwood_com.html http://www.bayoubuzz.com/louisiana-news/baton-rouge-news/item/695205-fire-damages-maintenance-bay-at-capital-freightliner 2014-06-26 - Around 100 car tires go up in flames at Old Hill, Cullompton (Britain): http://www.middevongazette.co.uk/crews-called-massive-car-tyre-blaze-Cullompton/story-21295504-detail/story.html 2014-06-26 - Barn destroyed by fire on Red Barn Road near Williamston (South Carolina): http://thejournalonline.com/2014/06/26/barn-destroyed-by-fire-red-barn-road/ 2014-06-26 - Barn destroyed by fire in Perth East (Canada), 4 cattle killed: http://kitchener.ctvnews.ca/barn-north-of-milverton-destroyed-by-fire-4-cattle-killed-1.1887943 http://blackburnnews.com/midwestern-ontario/midwestern-ontario-news/2014/06/26/fire-destroys-barn-in-perth-east/ 2014-06-26 - Barn damaged by fire on Glen Moar Road in St John's on the Isle of Man: http://www.iomtoday.co.im/news/isle-of-man-news/firefighters-tackle-barn-blaze-1-6699397 2014-06-26 - Grain silo bursts into flame in Hillsboro (Texas), evacuations ensue: http://metamorphosis.democraticunderground.com/107819166 http://www.dallasnews.com/news/local-news/20140626-breaking-evacuations-in-hillsboro-reportedly-follow-concerns-about-grain-silo-fire.ece 2014-06-26 - Warehouse damaged by blaze in Darlington County (South Carolina): 2014-06-26 - Foam factory goes up in flames at 1 AM on River Road in Shelton (Connecticut): http://www.nbcconnecticut.com/news/local/4-Fiirefighters-Injured-In-Shelton-Factory-Fire-264704201.html http://www.wfsb.com/story/25874607/major-fire-burning-in-shelton-factory http://wtnh.com/2014/06/26/28383/ 2014-06-26 - Roof bursts into flame just before 2 AM at church in Lehigh Township (Pennsylvania): http://www.poconorecord.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20140626/NEWS/140629853/-1/rss01 2014-06-26 - Porch bursts into flame at 12:30 AM, fire spreads, home destroyed, in Clarkesville (Georgia): https://www.accessnorthga.com/detail.php?n=276532 2014-06-26 - Porch bursts into flame, fire spreads, boarding house destroyed, in Columbus (Indiana), nobody there: http://www.therepublic.com/view/local_story/Columbus-firefighters-working-_1403825641 2014-06-26 - Home damaged by fire before 5:30 AM in the Silver Lake area of coastal Providence (Rhode Island): http://wpri.com/2014/06/26/crews-battle-early-morning-house-fire/ 2014-06-26 - Home damaged by fire in coastal Norfolk (Virginia): http://www.wvec.com/news/local/Norfolk-Firefighters-on-scene-of-residential-fire-on-Ballentine-Blvd-264678931.html 2014-06-26 - Home heavily damaged by blaze in coastal Ocean City (Maryland): http://www.wmdt.com/story/25889127/update-two-thursday-night-worcester-co-fires-ruled-accidental http://www.delmarvanow.com/story/news/local/maryland/2014/06/26/west-oc-fire/11438765/ http://sbynews.blogspot.com/2014/06/ocean-city-fire-department-responds-to.html http://mdcoastdispatch.com/2014/06/27/recovery-fund-set-up-for-family-displaced-by-thursday-fire/ Quote: "Fire crews were busy on Thursday night, as two fires broke out in one local beach town, at the same time." Note: The other fire is the next event, in Showell (Maryland)... 2014-06-26 - Waterfront home destroyed by fire on Riverview Drive in Showell (Maryland), near the coast: http://www.wmdt.com/story/25884564/fire-marshal-investigating-2-house-fires-in-worcester-county Quote: "Two house fires, burning around the same time Thursday night, had fire crews from Berlin to Selbyville, Delaware working hard to get things under control." Note: Both of the above homes burned at about the same time, and they weren't far from each other, about 7 miles apart, with the Ocean City fire closer to the coast, but the Showell house was actually closer to a body of water... 2014-06-26 - Two adjacent homes damaged by fire in coastal Queens (New York): http://7online.com/news/two-alarm-fire-burning-through-two-homes-in-queens-/142030/ 2014-06-26 - Apartment building damaged by fire in Kingsport (Tennessee): http://www.wjhl.com/story/25877989/fire-at-green-valley-manor-in-kingsport-no-injuries-reported 2014-06-26 - Deadly fire rips through apartment in Buffalo (New York), boy saved, father killed: http://www.reviewjournal.com/trending/feed/neighbors-rescue-boy-fire-killed-dad 2014-06-26 - Deadly blaze burns barn near Vincennes (Indiana), 1 killed: http://wvut.org/2014/06/fire-investigation-at-sievers-extension-road/ http://wishtv.com/2014/06/26/one-dead-after-fire-in-knox-county/ http://www.tristatehomepage.com/story/d/story/man-dies-in-morning-barn-fire/28113/cR_5GWguZEOP0pDGsjKugQ http://www.disclosurenewsonline.com/2014/06/26/fire-at-pole-barn-leaves-one-dead-authorities-arent-saying-much/ 2014-06-26 - Vacant mobile home burns at 12:30 AM in Williamson County (Tennessee): http://www.newschannel5.com/story/25876320/cause-of-vacant-mobile-home-fire-under-investigation 2014-06-26 - Vacant home burns in coastal Suffolk (Virginia): http://www.wvec.com/news/local/Crews-fight-vacant-house-fire-in-Suffolk-264744211.html http://norfolk.gotnewswire.com/news/smoke-pours-from-vacant-home-in-fire 2014-06-26 - Vacant house destroyed by fire at 5:24 AM in Rockford (Illinois), near the Rock River: http://www.rrstar.com/article/20140626/NEWS/140629580 2014-06-26 - Vacant historic home destroyed by fire near Wawanesa (Canada): http://winnipeg.ctvnews.ca/historic-home-destroyed-by-fire-in-southwestern-manitoba-1.1887342 2014-06-26 - Vacant commercial building burns at 5:25 AM on River Road in Lower Price Hill, Cincinnati (Ohio): http://www.local12.com//news/features/top-stories/stories/fire-at-former-lower-price-hill-business-13639.shtml http://www.wlwt.com/news/fire-closes-river-road-in-lower-price-hill/26671982 Quote: "The fire broke out at a vacant building on River Road near Evans Street shortly before 6 a.m." 2014-06-26 - Vacant manufacturing plant hit by massive blaze in East Windsor (Canada): http://windsor.ctvnews.ca/crews-called-to-massive-fire-in-east-end-windsor-1.1886501 2014-06-26 - More than 1800 sea birds found dead at beach in coastal Arequipa (Peru): http://www.andina.com.pe/agencia/noticia-unas-1832-aves-guaneras-fueron-encontradas-muertas-el-litoral-arequipa-512011.aspx http://translate.google.com/translate?sl=auto&tl=en&js=y&prev=_t&hl=en&ie=UTF-8&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.andina.com.pe%2Fagencia%2Fnoticia-unas-1832-aves-guaneras-fueron-encontradas-muertas-el-litoral-arequipa-512011.aspx%23.U6x2PfldWSp&edit-text=&act=url 2014-06-26 - Fish dying in Canandaigua Lake (New York): http://www.democratandchronicle.com/story/news/2014/06/25/infection-killing-fish-canandaigua-lake/11373323/ 2014-06-26 - Thousands of fish found dead in lake in Agra (India): http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/agra/Dead-fish-found-in-Yamuna-in-Agra/articleshow/37264541.cms 2014-06-26 - Two people burn to death when car bursts into flame on road in coastal Xiamen (China): http://www.whatsonxiamen.com/news36256.html Note: An unidentified 'insider' says they were in debt so they decided to kill themselves. Yeah, well, maybe that 'insider' wants people to THINK that. Few people would consider committing suicide by BURNING TO DEATH IN A CAR when it'd be very easy - and much more pleasant - to just hook a hose to the exhaust and pipe it into the car, go to sleep, and never wake up. Looks just like all the other people who've been burning to death in vehicles, especially near coasts... 2014-06-26 - Man, 76, goes fishing, next seen dead in Blackfoot Reservoir (Idaho), empty 'ghost boat' found first as usual: http://www.cachevalleydaily.com/news/local/article_bf3249fe-fd83-11e3-b791-001a4bcf6878.html Quote: "Other anglers who had seen him reported that he had told them he was have a fun day of fishing. Anderson said Atkinson's boat was later spotted going in circles at full speed with no one on-board." 2014-06-26 - Man drops dead in driveway before 7:30 AM at home in Detroit (Michigan): http://www.detroitnews.com/article/20140626/METRO01/306260081/Man-found-dead-driveway-Detroit-s-west-side Quote: "There were no apparent signs of trauma, Moreno said." 2014-06-26 - Man, 44, found dead in coastal Laguna Coast Wilderness Park (California): http://www.coastlinepilot.com/news/tn-cpt-me-0627-body-found-20140626,0,5268085.story 2014-06-26 - Man, 40, found dead in or near retention pond near Woodridge (Illinois): http://napervillesun.suntimes.com/2014/06/27/investigation-continues-body-found-woods-near-woodridge/ 2014-06-26 - Man found dead in water at fish camp near Bethel (Alaska): http://www.ktuu.com/news/news/unidentified-body-found-at-fish-camp-near-bethel/26686448 2014-06-26 - Man, 28, found dead on roof of parking garage in Rochelle (Illinois), possible toppler: http://www.wrhl.net/news/details.cfm?clientid=31&id=133096 http://www.wifr.com/home/headlines/Body-Found-on-Parking-Garage-Roof-in-Rochelle-264848531.html 2014-06-26 - Man found dead in the White River in Indianapolis (Indiana): http://www.wthr.com/story/25884420/2014/06/26/body-found-in-white-river-near-downtown-indianapolis http://www.indystar.com/story/news/crime/2014/06/26/body-found-white-river/11444655/ 2014-06-26 - Man, 57, found dead in canal near home in coastal Punta Gorda (Florida): http://www.news-press.com/story/news/local/2014/06/27/body-of-missing-punta-gorda-man-found-in-a-canal/11457625/ 2014-06-26 - Man, 51, gets 60-day jail sentence, walks outside, drops dead, in Cleveland (Ohio): http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/06/26/miguel-aybar_n_5532714.html http://abcnews.go.com/US/wireStory/man-dies-minutes-sentenced-jail-24312110 http://www.opposingviews.com/i/society/51-year-old-man-drops-dead-after-being-sentenced-60-days-jail 2014-06-26 - Woman, 25, drops dead before 4:30 AM in jail cell in Travis County (Texas): http://kxan.com/2014/06/26/woman-found-dead-in-travis-county-jail-hours-after-arrest/ 2014-06-26 - Man, 32, found dead in lake in Chandigarh (India): http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chandigarh/Missing-trader-found-dead-in-Morni/articleshow/37283972.cms 2014-06-26 - Man found dead in lake at quarry in Ashley, near Newcastle (Britain): http://www.stokesentinel.co.uk/Body-police-search-Ashley-update/story-21295818-detail/story.html 2014-06-26 - Small plane crashes and burns at 5 AM near the Veterans Bridge in St. Louis County (Missouri), 1 injured: http://www.kmov.com/news/local/Breaking-Plane-crash-forces--264704531.html http://www.kristv.com/news/pilot-survives-plane-crash/ http://www.bnd.com/2014/06/26/3275536/small-plane-crashes-in-west-st.html http://www.kmov.com/news/editors-pick/Breaking-Plane-crash-forces--264704531.html http://www.topix.com/forum/county/st-louis-mo/TKVHH9NIAGRLASL74 http://www.ozarksfirst.com/story/d/story/one-injured-in-plane-crash-in-st-louis/10758/EsGdir2CoU-IhEjmn3du4g http://www.stltoday.com/news/local/metro/small-plane-crashes-near-highway-in-maryland-heights/article_96f35119-2b4d-5de6-8ee7-21355f880c21.html Quote: "Around 5:00 a.m., a twin engine Cessna crashed just east of the Veterans Bridge, roughly 15 feet from the roadway, near the Page Ave. Extension closing both directions of the roadway." Note: Map in first link shows this plane crashed and burned just east (downwind) of the Missouri River... 2014-06-26 - Small plane crashes near Kennedy Lake, near Sudbury (Canada), 3 injured: http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/sudbury/kennedy-lake-plane-crash-injures-3-tsb-deploys-investigators-1.2689992 2014-06-26 - Small plane crashes near Kendrac (Czech Republic), 2 killed: http://hisz.rsoe.hu/alertmap/site/?pageid=event_desc&edis_id=VI-20140626-44274-CZE http://www.business-standard.com/article/pti-stories/2-killed-in-czech-small-plane-crash-114062600628_1.html http://www.nzherald.co.nz/world/news/article.cfm?c_id=2&objectid=11282521 2014-06-26 - Small plane crashes at beach in Hwaseong (South Korea), 2 injured: http://english.yonhapnews.co.kr/news/2014/06/26/0200000000AEN20140626010600315.html http://www.kathrynsreport.com/2014/06/two-people-injured-in-light-plane-crash.html 2014-06-26 - Helicopter crash lands near Coldfoot (Alaska): http://www.adn.com/2014/06/26/3535136/helicopter-crashes-near-coldfoot.html Quote: "The geologists were flying north to examine a mile-long 'frozen debris lobe' that has slid toward the highway." 2014-06-26 - Passenger bus overturns in Bethlehem (Palestinian Territory), 30 injured: http://hisz.rsoe.hu/alertmap/site/?pageid=event_desc&edis_id=VI-20140626-44281-PSE 2014-06-26 - Tractor trailer crashes off bridge, plunges into the Augusta Canal, in Augusta (Georgia), 1 killed: http://www.wjbf.com/story/25875214/18-wheeler-runs-off-bridge-into-canal http://www.wrdw.com/home/headlines/18-wheeler-runs-off-bridge-on-I-20-at-state-line-264699191.html Note: Two men have been found dead in canals in Augusta in June too... 2014-06-26 - Tractor trailer overturns into median on I-70 in Arapahoe County (Colorado), some cows killed, some escape: http://www.koaa.com/news/cattle-die-after-i-70-semi-crash/ 2014-06-26 - Tractor trailer overturns before 6:35 AM on I-680 in Contra Costa County (California), 1 injured: http://www.mercurynews.com/my-town/ci_26037859/walnut-creek-truck-crashes-closes-lanes-i-680 2014-06-26 - Dump truck overturns on Hunton Road near Athens (West Virginia), 1 injured: http://www.bdtonline.com/local/x1760113632/Dump-truck-overturns-on-Hinton-Road 2014-06-26 - Heavy vehicle overturns near Donipora Sangam (India), 3 killed, 37 injured: http://hisz.rsoe.hu/alertmap/site/?pageid=event_desc&edis_id=VI-20140626-44280-IND Quote: "Two separate accidents involving trucks less than 35 miles apart in northern Utah snarled traffic on Interstate 15 late Thursday morning into early afternoon, the Utah Highway Patrol reported." 2014-06-26 - Truck crashes off road, bursts into flame, along the A40 near Forest Hill (Britain): http://www.oxfordtimes.co.uk/news/11303158.Lorry_fire_near_A40_in_Forest_Hill/ http://www.witneygazette.co.uk/news/11303158.Lorry_fire_near_A40_in_Forest_Hill/ http://www.bicesteradvertiser.net/news/11303158.Lorry_fire_near_A40_in_Forest_Hill/ http://www.newsdump.co.uk/news/lorry-fire-near-a40-in-forest-hill http://localuknews.co.uk/article/lorry-fire-near-a40 2014-06-26 - SUV veers over centerline, hits car head-on, on Powder Mill Road in Butler Township (Pennsylvania), 1 killed, 3 injured: http://republicanherald.com/news/ringtown-woman-killed-in-head-on-crash-in-butler-township-1.1709342 http://www.tnonline.com/2014/jun/26/schuylkill-county-woman-dies-head-crash 2014-06-26 - Pickup truck hits tanker truck, bursts into flame, near Athens (Georgia), 1 injured: http://onlineathens.com/breaking-news/2014-06-26/tanker-and-pickup-collide-oconee-county-driver-pickup-pulled-burning-truck 2014-06-26 - Pickup truck veers over centerline at 5:58 AM, hits semi head-on, in Grant County (Oklahoma), 1 killed, 1 injured: http://www.enidnews.com/localnews/x998013478/Fatality-accident-reported-in-Grant-Co 2014-06-26 - Pickup truck crashes into hotel, bursts into flame, in coastal Bellevue (Washington), 2 injured: http://q13fox.com/2014/06/26/pickup-truck-nearly-plows-into-the-extended-stay-america-hotel/ http://www.kirotv.com/news/news/1-taken-hospital-after-vehicle-crashes-bellevue-bu/ngS4f/ http://www.bellevuereporter.com/news/264789521.html Quote: "The man appeared to be unconscious as he lay on the ground, but police still aren’t sure exactly what happened. A possible medical condition is one theory." 2014-06-26 - Pickup truck overturns near airport in Austin (Texas), 2 killed, 3 injured: http://www.statesman.com/news/news/local/two-children-killed-in-crash-near-austin-airport/ngS2W/ 2014-06-26 - Car veers over centerline, hits tractor trailer head-on, in Sumner County (Tennessee), 2 killed, 1 injured: http://www.ksla.com/story/25882050/2-dead-after-crash-involving-semi-in-sumner-co http://www.wkrn.com/story/25882040/2-killed-after-car-semi-collide-in-sumner-county http://www.wfxg.com/story/25882050/2-dead-after-crash-involving-semi-in-sumner-co 2014-06-26 - Car and minivan collide head-on just before midnight in Lehigh Acres (Florida), near the coast, 2 injured: http://www.abc-7.com/story/25875566/two-hospitalized-after-serious-head-on-crash-on-sr-82 2014-06-26 - Car and SUV collide head-on, in Lower Paxton Township (Pennsylvania), 1 killed, 1 injured: http://www.pennlive.com/midstate/index.ssf/2014/06/woman_killed_crash_lower_paxto.html 2014-06-26 - Car veers over centerline, hits car head-on, in coastal Cape Breton (Canada), 1 killed, 2 injured: http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/nova-scotia/cape-breton-crash-kills-1-injures-2-1.2688130 2014-06-26 - Car overturns, bursts into flame, in coastal Virginia Beach (Virginia): http://wtkr.com/2014/06/26/womans-car-catches-on-fire-overturns-in-virginia-beach/ http://wavy.com/2014/06/26/driver-uninjured-after-vehicle-flipped-caught-fire/ http://hamptonroads.com/2014/06/driver-ok-after-vehicle-overturns-catches-fire-suffolk Quote: "On Thursday, a woman was able to walk away after her car caught on fire and flipped onto its roof." 2014-06-26 - Stray dog enters home, attacks and injures 9-year-old girl, in McLoud (Oklahoma): http://www.koco.com/news/girl-recovers-after-vicious-dog-attack-in-her-home/26685780 http://www.kjrh.com/news/local-news/stray-dog-attacks-9-year-old-mcloud-girl-in-her-home 2014-06-26 - Tiger snatches man off boat and drags him away, in Sunderbans National Park (India): http://news.yahoo.com/tiger-leaps-onto-boat-snatches-man-east-india-090431380.html http://azdailysun.com/news/world/asia/tiger-leaps-onto-boat-snatches-man-in-east-india/image_e88eae18-cd89-5d34-b378-ef8019ac9f17.html Quote: "The tiger leaped aboard the boat and clamped its jaws on Manjhi's neck, said Sushil's son, Jyotish. The tiger 'quickly flung my father on his back and gave a giant leap before disappearing into the forest,' Jyotish said by telephone from his village of Lahiripur in West Bengal state. He said he and his sister tried to beat the animal with sticks and a knife, but the thrashing had no effect. His father was dragged away and was presumed dead." 2014-06-26 - Swarm of bees attacks and stings several people and a dog in Pasadena (California): http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-four-people-hospitalized-bees-attack-20140627-story.html 2014-06-26 - Snakes and bees apparently attacking and killing Boko Haram members in forest in Nigeria: http://orovan.blogspot.com/2014/06/mysterious-snakes-bees-attack-boko.html Quote: "Some members of the sect are now fleeing from their Sambisa Forest base to local government areas across Borno State due to the invasion of their camps by Bees and Snakes in a mysterious manner, believed to be a spiritual attack." 2014-06-26 - Sinkhole opens, partially swallows pickup truck, in Rochester (New York): http://www.theoaklandpress.com/general-news/20140627/sinkhole-causes-problems-for-drivers-in-Rochester 2014-06-26 - Roof collapses on people at garage apartment near Katy (Texas), 30+ injured: http://www.reuters.com/article/2014/06/26/us-usa-texas-collapse-idUSKBN0F12JS20140626 http://www.chron.com/news/article/People-trapped-after-building-collapse-near-Katy-5582104.php http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/nationworld/chi-houston-building-collapse-20140626,0,430104.story 2014-06-26 - Boater goes missing on Conewago Creek in Dover Township (Pennsylvania): http://www.pennlive.com/midstate/index.ssf/2014/06/emergency_officials_search_for.html 2014-06-26 - Stinging jellyfish swarming near Newquay, Cornwall (Britain): http://hisz.rsoe.hu/alertmap/site/?pageid=event_desc&edis_id=BH-20140626-44273-GBR Quote: "Experts say jellyfish are thriving in our warming seas with more and more swarms - or flutters as they are collectively known - reaching our beaches in the past few years." Man - you know things are getting bad when fire trucks burst into flame in the fire house and when underground fires happen to pipelines and electrical cables that were put there to keep them out of the elements and other safety reasons! The NY City incident where two fires broke out in the same vicinity, the two houses in Maryland that lit up at the same time and the two big trucks that caught fire like a mile apart - all clearly indicate flammable gases wafting by. Great Two-fer today Jonny! Another sign of things to come (more often) is that land subsidence event that caused a helicopter to crash that was sent to investigate it. 2014 - MAY - Multiple Corpses 2014 - MAY - Animal Die-Offs 2014 - MAY - Spotlight Stories 2014 - MAY - Pictorial 2014 - MAY - SkullTalk Archive	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line141
__label__wiki	0.57293	0.57293	subscribe  Illustrations by Tallulah Fontaine Why consent matters beyond the bedroom I’m teaching my kids about consent, not just so they grow up to be better partners—I want them to be better people BY SYDNEY LONEY When my daughter Maggie was in kindergarten, her teacher would stand in the doorway of the classroom and insist on shaking the kids’ hands as they filed in. Maggie hated it. Every morning, she’d try to find a way to dodge him. She’d shove her hands deep in her pockets. Avoid eye contact. Try to dart past. Once she thought she’d outsmart him by pretending to trip, arms pinwheeling like a downed chopper as she careened through the door—all in an attempt to avoid his outstretched hand. Nothing worked. I was embarrassed. I told her that it was important to be polite. That all the other kids shook his hand. That she didn’t want to hurt his feelings, did she? Oh, if only I could go back in time! In the wake of #metoo there have been many conversations about consent and what it means. At the most basic, dictionary-definition level, it’s about giving permission for something to happen, or it’s an agreement to do something. But in reality, it’s a lot more complex than that. Even though “no” has meant “no” for decades, it hasn’t really gotten us far when it comes to navigating relationships based on respect, empathy and mutual understanding (you need only flip on the news for the latest outing of a public figure who failed on the consent front to see just how much further we have to go). In fact, the Canadian Women’s Foundation released a study in 2018 that found we’re still struggling with the overall concept of consent. It revealed that Canadians’ understanding of consent has actually decreased over the last three years, with only 28 per cent of Canadians fully understanding what it means to grant it, compared with 33 per cent in 2015. Although it hasn’t exactly solved our consent conundrum, #metoo has at least taught us the importance of speaking up, when the boundaries afforded by consent have been breached. But validating one another’s experiences and exposing wrongdoers is only the first step. The next step is to continue the conversation, to take it to the next level, to actually change behaviour. Four years ago, I wish I’d had a better understanding of consent myself. I should have recognized my daughter’s attempt to assert her autonomy. I should have applauded her steadfast resolve not to be cajoled into accepting physical contact she didn’t want. I should have told her I was proud of her. It was a teachable moment about consent for me and, since then, I’ve begun to see that consent isn’t necessarily always about sex, or even physical contact. It’s broader and more far-reaching and it speaks to our values as individuals and as a society as a whole. It’s about the assumptions we make and the secret, unacknowledged or even unknown biases and prejudices we harbour. Above all, it’s about how we move through the world and how we choose to interact with others, whether at school, at work or in our communities, both at home and abroad. I was recently confronted by this broader understanding of consent when I travelled to Jordan, to work on a story. One afternoon we were in Petra, admiring the magnificent, towering ruins that line the ancient city’s cobbled streets in the company of a myriad of other visitors from all over the world. One woman suddenly broke from our group and approached four women in burqas—she wanted her picture taken with them. They hesitated. She insisted. They graciously acquiesced. It was an extremely uncomfortable moment, the epitome of disrespectful travel and an example of where our understanding of consent unravels, when we put our needs or desires ahead of others. Just like that, our fellow sightseers suddenly became a novelty, relegated to little more than props that set the scene for an Instagramable moment. Although they gave their consent, it should never have been asked of them in the first place. That’s the direction our collective understanding of consent has to take next. There needs to be a shift in responsibility, one that requires us to take what we want, or think we’re entitled to, out of the equation altogether. It’s not simply about understanding when we haven’t been granted consent in a given moment, it’s about not putting other people in a position where they have to say “no” in the first place. If you Google “consent,” the search algorithm favours sites centered around teaching the next generation. Rightly so. And, when it comes to teaching the concept of consent to kids, there’s a growing acknowledgment that it isn’t just up to girls and women to make things better. It’s up to all of us as a community. A few weeks ago, when I talked to my daughter about consent, I began by apologizing for insisting she shake hands with her kindergarten teacher. As for talking to my 12-year-old son, Charlie, I looked to author Laurie Halse Anderson, who wrote a compelling piece for Time in January 2019 entitled “I’ve Talked With Teenage Boys About Sexual Assault for 20 years. This is What They Still Don’t Know,” for help. Halse writes that we need to teach consent from the moment kids are old enough to walk. She writes, “It is time to not just inspire those who have been hurt to tell their stories—but to find our own courage to have open conversations about these complex subjects.” And, Halse says, we need to talk to our boys. “We need to give them the tools required to navigate relationships in a positive way. Our boys deserve information and guidance. The only way they’ll get it is if we speak up.” When I asked Charlie what consent means to him, his first response was “Oh Mom, why do we have to talk about this stuff?” I explained why. Eventually, he stopped squirming and grimacing. “It’s about asking permission,” he told me. I pressed him for more. “It’s about consideration and respect,” he added. Bingo. I think about the mistakes I’ve made myself when navigating issues of consent over the years. When I didn’t speak up about things that had happened to me. When I didn’t speak up on the behalf of others, including my daughter in her kindergarten class. I don’t want my children to make the same mistakes I did, which means our conversations about consent have only just begun. MAKE A DIFFERENCE NOW: • Share this story with your friends and family! • Sign up for The Good News Letter to get more stories like this in your inbox every Saturday. > POSTED June 5, 2019 *I understand that I may unsubscribe at any time. © Copyright - locallove powered by United Way Lorimer Shenher: Why I finally chose to transition South-Asian, queer and new to life in Toronto—it’s complicated	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line150
__label__wiki	0.896248	0.896248	Lake Erie Lives Birder Kenn Kaufman has traveled the world to pursue his passion, but spring is the reason he finally landed here. By Amber Matheson The songbirds come at night, with warm rays soaked up in tropical climes fading from their wings as they push farther and farther north. They come by the thousands, by the hundreds of thousands, on the southwestern shores of Lake Erie. Here, they’ll wait — relaxing and carbo-loading, or whatever the bird equivalent of pre-marathon pasta might be — and they’ll watch. The birds, explains Kenn Kaufman, bird-watcher and ornithologist extraordinaire, are waiting for a favorable wind to drive them on the long flight across the lake. He’s witnessed this event for seven years, and when he talks about it, there’s no keeping the excitement out of his voice. “The spring migration here is just so phenomenal,” he says. “There’s all this stuff going on at once, millions of birds going in all different directions. And yet most people are not really that aware of the fact that it’s going on.” That’s Kaufman’s job: to celebrate these creatures in the parallel universe unfolding just above our heads. Over the years, he’s become one of the country’s most prominent birders. He lectures, teaches, writes and — one gets the sense — dreams about birds. The 57-year-old, who has twice been awarded the American Birding Association’s highest honors, started young. As a child, says Kaufman, “I’d go out and wander the suburbs in Indiana, and we didn’t have any dinosaurs or bears or elephants in the neighborhood, so about the time I was 6, I decided to take a day or two and just figure out what these birds were. And I’ve been working on it ever since.” When Kaufman was 16, he dropped out of school, left Wichita, Kan., and thumbed his way across the United States chasing birds. When he was 19, he began a successful year-long quest to record the largest number of birds seen in a 12-month period. He’s part Kerouac (he wrote a memoir about the adventure, called “Kingbird Highway”), part Darwin. And he’s still partly the small boy who got his first book on birds from the library branch four blocks down the street from his house. “I would go there,” he says, “and sit on the floor and try to figure out what I was seeing.” Birds, he says, are very similar to humans. Unlike cats or dogs, whose sense of smell informs their worldview, birds react like humans, using sight and hearing. “They experience the world in the way we do,” Kaufman says. “With birds, they’re just so intensely alive. I think that was what captured my imagination when I was 6 years old.” Kaufman traveled the world following his passion, eventually landing in Arizona. But he found himself drawn to Lake Erie, where bird migratory patterns were especially visible. He met a girl (yes, she’s a birder too) and realized the things he cared most about were here, in northwestern Ohio. So he moved, for her, for the birds, for his soul, and, of course, for May. May is the month when winter’s really over, the month when the breezes turn warm and everything starts to feel alive again. For Kaufman, it’s the month he awaits all year long: It’s migration season. Now, technically, birds migrate throughout the spring and fall. But May, well, that’s the sweet spot. Kaufman’s led birding expeditions on every continent, and estimates he’s seen more than 5,000 species, but, he says, “in early May, I don’t want to be anyplace else in the world except here.” Kaufman’s “here” is a swath of protected land that runs through northwestern Ohio formerly known as the Great Black Swamp region. There’s not much left of the swamp, just a few preserves scattered across the lakefront. But it’s enough to provide a crucial stopover for more than 250 types of birds, including 37 types of warblers alone, enough to keep Kaufman hard at work for almost a decade. This spring he’ll start researching in earnest, preparing to write a book on the migratory patterns he’s observed here over the years. It’s what he’s always done, and he couldn’t imagine anything else. “I lived below the poverty line until I was in my mid-30s,” he notes. “I just refused to go off and devote full time to anything that wasn’t birds or nature. I just love birds. They’ve got the hard job. All I’ve got to do is just describe it in a way that’s compelling.”	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line154
__label__wiki	0.78982	0.78982	PERCY ARTHUR CLARK (1885 -2nd January 1918) and HAROLD WOOKEY CLARK (1887 – 27th August 1917) Percy and Harold came from a family of ten children whose parents Thomas and Alice Maria, née Wookey, moved around quite frequently. Eldest son Percy was born in Rowberrrow, Harold and Honora in Yatton; Cyril, Edward, Gilbert in Abbots Leigh; Mary in Wrington; Helena, Decina and Marjorie in Upper Langford. Thomas was an agricultural labourer though in 1901 he was working on the railway, presumably on the local extension to Blagdon. The family settled in Rose Cottage, Says Lane and remained there until at least 1930. In 1901, Percy was working as a groom. In 1911, he was a Hackney Motor driver and at the time of his voluntary enlistment in October 1915, he was a tractor engineer in Weston super Mare. He was single. Harold became a blacksmith’s striker when he left school. In late 1909 he married Virtue Mary Grey in Bristol and in 1911 he was working as a gardener at Brentry Hill, Westbury on Trym. At the time of his death, his wife was living at 1 Stoke Cottages, Stoke Bishop, with a daughter Kathleen who had been born in 1913. Harold was killed in action on the 27th August 1917 while serving as a Private in the 2/4th (City of Bristol) Battalion, Territorial force, Gloucestershire Regiment. His final service number was 202640 (previously 28557 and 20330). He was aged 32 and is listed on Panel 72-75 at Tyne Cot, West Vlaanderen, Belgium. This is in the area which was known as the Ypres Salient. Percy died on 2nd January 1918. He had enlisted in Bristol in October 1915 and was a Private with the Army Service Corps, service number M2/132333. He did most of his initial training in Bath before leaving for France on 21st March 1916. At the time of his death aged 33 he was with 29th Ammunition Sub. Park. (Sub. Parks were the distribution points at the end of the road behind the lines from which the Ammunition would be taken forward by horse or man.) A report in the Weston Mercury gave more details of his service and included copies of letters sent to his parents. Percy’s death was as a result of a tragic accident in which he was hit in the head by a lorry skidding on ice. His burial was in the Fauquembergues Communal Cemetery, one of only two Commonwealth graves there. The other is for a soldier who died in 1915. His father supplied the wording for his headstone, which reads ‘With Christ which is far better’. WILLIAM EDGAR BROWNING (3 April 1899 – 23 August 1918) William Edgar Browning, known as Edgar, was born on 3 April 1899 and lived with his family in Stock Lane. He was the son of William Henry Browning, a carpenter & wheelwright and his wife, Bessie. Both were born in Churchill in 1870. They had five children: Frederick Ernest born 1892, Maud born 1895, William Edgar, Walter Samuel born 1902, and Vera Madge born 1910. Edgar joined up in 1917. He was serving as Private 67871 in the 6th Battalion, The Queen’s (Royal West Surrey) Regiment when he was killed in action in France on 23rd August 1918. He is buried in the Meaulte Military cemetery. The village of Meaulte, in the Department of the Somme, France, was held by Commonwealth Forces from 1915 to 26 March 1918, when it was evacuated. It was recaptured on 22nd August 1918. The cemetery, which was designed by Sir Edwin Lutyens and is located south of the village, has 291 casualties buried there. The following appeared in the Weston Mercury & Somerset Herald on the 21st September 1918:- “KILLED IN ACTION. We regret to hear of the death of Private Edgar Browning, of Langford. His parents had the sad news conveyed to them on Wednesday afternoon from the War Office that he was killed in action fighting for his country. He was a splendid boy and will be mourned by all who knew him. He was a member of the Churchill choir, and a Sunday School teacher. Much sympathy is felt for his bereaved parents.” Edgar’s elder brother Frederick also served in the War. As a farmer he had emigrated to Australia where he enlisted with the Machine Gun Company, November 1916, in Brisbane, giving his address as c/o Mr E Thatcher, Mary Valley Line, Queensland. He gave his occupation as farmer and his mother Bessie as his next of kin. Many of his Military documents have survived and can be found on-line. He was given some home leave in January 1917, then signed up for service abroad in February before sailing from Melbourne in June. He arrived in Liverpool in August or September. Almost immediately he was hospitalised with acute appendicitis in Fargo Military hospital, Larkhill. He was transferred to the 41st Battalion Australian Infantry around this time. He then spent time in Fovant hospital, the Southern General in Bristol and in the 3rd Auxiliary Hospital, Dartford. He was discharged to a company depot at Hurdcott in November before being classified fit in December. He left Fovant for France in February 1918. In August he was suffering with foot problems and was invalided back to Northamptonshire Hospital. In November he was transferred to a company depot in Sutton Veny, Wiltshire from where he returned to Australia in December. He went on to grow pineapples in Queensland. He married there but neither he nor any of his siblings had any children. The youngest brother Walter became a grocer, his business being Browning and Watts in Churchill. ERNEST ARTHUR BROWNETT (1st February1894 – 16 January 1917) Ernest Arthur was born in Langford, the youngest son of Charles Brownett, a coachman/gardener at Langford Court and his wife, Sarah Ann née Symes. In 1911, he was listed as a postman, aged 17. Also living in Langford were his brother, Edwin James (23), a domestic gardener, and their sister, Mabel Ellen (14). He was known as Arthur, or Jim, and was Private 26046 serving in present-day Iraq with the 5th Battalion, Wiltshire Regiment, when he died on 16th January 1917 at the age of 22. He is buried in the Amara War cemetery (Grave Reference XVIII.D.9). Amara (now Al Amarah) is a town on the left bank of the River Tigris some 520 kilometres from the sea. It was occupied by the Mesopotamian Expeditionary Force on 3rd June 1915 and immediately became a hospital centre. Amara War cemetery contains 3,696 identified burials and 925 unidentified casualties of the First World War. On the 3rd February 1917 the following obituary was printed in the Weston Mercury and Somersetshire Herald:- “BURRINGTON HERO FALLS PRO PATRIA Much sympathy is extended by residents throughout Burrington and District toward Mr and Mrs Charles Brownet [sic] in the loss of their youngest son, Arthur Brownet, of the Wiltshire Regiment, who was killed in action at the Persian Gulf on January 16th. His parents had been wondering why they had received no letter from him, and on Saturday morning were shocked to receive a communication from the War Office notifying them of his death. The gallant young soldier was well known in the district being for many years in the Langford post office, where he was greatly missed when called up. Being of a genial kindly nature, he was very much beloved by those who came in contact with him. He was a member of the Burrington Church of England Men’s Society, and was also a member of the Men’s Club Committee. Mr and Mrs Brownet have one other son at the front and one serving with the YMCA.” While at the front Arthur had become friends with a Samuel Millbank and they had pledged that if either were killed the other would visit their family. Samuel did that and later married Arthur’s sister Ellen (Nellie). Their grandson John Millbank has provided information and photographs since the publication of the Burrington in WWI book including the photographs of Ernest in postman’s uniform and Edwin with a horse. Of other members of the family, Reginald Charles was born in 1884 and served with the YMCA from 1915 to 1920, as he was unfit for active service. In April 1915 he married Rose Shepstone. He died in 1939. Edwin James, who was born in 1888, served with the Royal Engineers as a Lance Corporal from 1914 to 1919 and saw active in France and Italy. Edwin did not marry, living in later life with his sister Lucy. The Reverend Dr Thomas Sedgwick Whalley and the Queen of Bath Chris Stephens’ study of the building of Mendip Lodge and the social life of Georgian England that was hosted there has culminated in this eminently readable book. The remarkable Rev. Whalley was poet, pamphleteer, traveller and horticulturist. His life (1746 – 1828) was one of extravagance, generosity and intellectual activity, spent among some of the most influential people of the time. The book details his life on Mendip, in Bath and in the France of Marie Antoinette and Napoleon. It describes his association with William Wilberforce and Hannah More and figures such as Fanny Burney. In particular, it relates his devotion to his beautiful, vivacious and gifted niece, Frances Sage, the ‘Queen of Bath’. Copies may be ordered from: http://www.candy-jar.co.uk/books/dr-thomas-sedgwick-whalley.html. Thomas Fudge of Langford Hall One of the nice consequences that results from the publication of our books on Langford and from having this website on Langford History is that enquiries regularly come in about people who have lived here in the past. Usually this is from individuals seeking information about their forebears and the homes they occupied. It is often the case that they tell us more about Langford than we are able to tell them about their ancestors. It is particularly satisfying when the benefit is mutual. A recent example occurred following an enquiry from Deborah Howells about her great grandfather, Thomas Fudge. An entry in the National Probate Calendar for 1938 quite clearly refers to him as “of Langford Hall, Langford, Somersetshire”. Our first thoughts were that this must refer to the Drill Hall in Lower Langford. But no. Then we were shown a copy of Sheet 165 of the One-inch, New Popular Edition Ordnance Survey map that was fully revised in the 1930s and published in the 1940s, after WWII. It clearly marked Langford Hall on the Wrington side of the A38 at Havyatt, where Havyatt Farm and the properties on the other side of Havyatt Road are now[1]. All of this land was sold in the auction of the Wrington Estate in 1895. Havyatt Farm, on the north-east side of Havyatt Road, together with 200 acres of land, was sold for £7800 to Edward Payson Wills, one of the many sons of Henry Overton Wills II. Havyatt Lodge, on the other side of the road, which was let to a Mr Gibson, was sold to a Mr Power for £4850. The main property included 91 acres but the lot also included the “rights of the vendor as lord of the manor”. This gave rights over a further 1000 acres of land. Havyatt Farm was more recently bought out of the Wills estate by the Alvis family, whose members still occupy it. But Havyatt Lodge has had a much more chequered existence and is the subject of several local myths and legends that are sometimes at variance with verifiable facts. The stories about Thomas Fudge, in particular, do not cast him in a very favourable light. Not knowing if Deborah would welcome a potential skeleton in her ancestral cupboard, we were initially nervous about feeding back the things we heard. We’ll start with one of the stories. Thomas Fudge owned a boot-making factory in Bristol. The story is that the business fell on hard times during the great depression of the 1930s. Thomas Fudge was said to have set fire to his premises and claimed on the insurance. This worked so well that he later decided to do the same at Langford Hall. What he’d forgotten was that he’d hidden much of the factory stock down the well at the Hall. This was, of course, discovered when the brigade tried to put the fire out and Thomas ended up in prison for fraud. A nice tale but, sadly, not one that is borne out by the records we’ve been able to uncover. There are several Bristol families with the name of Fudge and a number of the members are called Thomas, so confusion is easy. Several of the Fudge families were also involved in shoemaking and it seems likely that there were two contemporaries named Thomas Fudge each described as boot or shoe manufacturers. The Western Daily Press on October 3rd, 1933 reported the sudden death of Mr Thomas Fudge, boot manufacturer of Holly Hill Road, Kingswood. This is clearly not Thomas Fudge of Langford Hall and it seems more likely that he was the proprietor of a factory that had been badly damaged by fire 32 years earlier. The event was recorded in the Bath Chronicle of Aug 15th, 1901. It reported that the premises of Fudge and Williams in Hanham Road, Kingswood, were destroyed along with their contents and the firm’s books. It expressed surprise that Mr Fudge’s house, which was near to where the fire was most intense, remained undamaged. Thomas Fudge of Langford Hall was born in about 1860 in Hanham. Newspaper reports from October and November, 1892, record the bankruptcy of Thomas Fudge, boot manufacturer of Bell Hill, St George. He was charged with concealing over £100 of stock behind nailed-up boards on the top floor of the factory and of not declaring two sums he had received totalling £130. He was initially remanded to Horfield prison and then transferred to the house of correction (for more minor offenders) at Lawford’s Gate, just beyond Old Market, Bristol. He was finally bailed in a total surety of £1000. One of the magistrates dealing with the case was none other than Edward Payson Wills. When Thomas came to trial at Gloucestershire Assizes on November 25th, 1892, he was found guilty and sentenced to 18 months hard labour. The Western Daily Press of December 12th, 1892, advertised the factory to be sold or let, and its machinery and stock to be auctioned. Further notices in February announced the auction of Thomas’s household effects. The consequences of the bankruptcy and conviction must have been very severe for both Thomas and his family. Thomas seems to have bounced back into business quite quickly. However, he was soon again in trouble with the law. At the end of December, 1894 he was fined 2s 6d for striking a 13-year-old boy with a heavy stick. Apparently the victim and others were in the habit of lighting fires on waste land adjacent to his factory and the magistrate had some sympathy for him but ruled that he had over-reacted. Thomas was quick to prosecute those he felt had offended against him. There were several instances of individuals convicted of minor thefts from the boot factory and in November 1897 there is a report of a prosecution he brought against a commission agent for seeking compensation by false pretences. The case failed. In the 1901 census, Thomas is recorded living with his wife, Annie, and their four sons, in Holly Lodge Lane, St George’s. He is described as a boot manufacturer. The Bristol trade directory of that year refers to his factory in Orchard Road, St. Georges. In the census of 1911, Annie was living in Cardiff with three of her sons but Thomas has not yet been found. Thomas next appears in April 1928, living in Hollywood, Parry’s Lane, Stoke Bishop, and selling two-story, five-bedroom residences there. Two years later, another advertisement for “charming residences to purchase or rent” refers to him living in Oakhurst Hall, Parry’s Lane. Thomas had become a builder and property developer. At about this time he must have come into possession of the property at Havyatt previously called Havyatt Lodge but then known as Langford Hall. In another court case, in December, 1930, Thomas Fudge was sued for £34 15s for electrical work carried out at Langford Hall that he considered unsatisfactory. The plaintiff received judgement for £2 5s of the claim. By May 1933 he was trying to sell Langford Hall by auction. It is described as comprising three reception rooms and nine bedrooms, as having electric light and water and included 15 acres of land. It clearly failed to attract the price he expected and was again up for auction in May 1937. During this period, Thomas Fudge was once more in court, this time answering a charge of slander. He had engaged the widow of a former town clerk of Jarrow as housekeeper. She had been so employed for 17 days when, on Easter Sunday, 1932, she returned from an evening visiting friends to be accused of being drunk and dissolute. When Thomas told the Court he disapproved of her going to dances, the judge said he was “out of date” and awarded the lady £500 damages. In the early hours of October 15th, 1936, a serious fire destroyed a cottage adjacent to Langford Hall. Only the efforts of neighbours and the local fire brigade saved the Hall from damage. It was less fortunate 18 months later when what was described as a disastrous fire did very severe damage. Thomas’s properties did seem to be somewhat fire-prone. Thomas Fudge died in a Clifton nursing home on July 17th, 1938. He had been living with his son, Herbert, at 64 Parry’s Lane, so it is possible that Langford Hall had been sold the previous year. When probate was granted, Thomas’s estate was valued at £14,136 8s. 9d. Annie died in 1941. Our thanks are due to Deborah Howells for alerting us to Langford Hall and for supplying most of the detailed material on the Fudge family. John Gowar [1] Havyatt is variously spelled with one and two “t”s. In one instance it appears as “Havyet”. Here we have used the double “t” version throughout, even though that may be at variance with the source. A Parish Dispute THE BURRINGTON INTERREGNUM, 1826 – 1831. One of the pitfalls that beset those of us who are interested in local history but are not trained in historical studies is the tendency to rely on secondary sources. Even the most authoritative of them occasionally make errors. And quoting them without checking simply propagates any mistake. One such popular misconception concerns a row that occurred between the Rector of Wrington and the parishioners of Burrington following the death of their Perpetual Curate, the Reverend Sydenham Teast Wylde, in 1826. Burrington is very unusual in that traditionally the parishioners have had the right to choose their own incumbent. If suitable, he was presented to the Bishop of Bath and Wells by the Rector of Wrington. In The Heart of Mendip (first published in 1915 and reprinted in 1971), Francis Knight sets out the story that is normally told:- In 1831 the Rev. John Vane, Rector of Wrington, … refused to nominate and present to the Bishop the candidate whom the parish had chosen. The case having been brought before the Court of Common Pleas, that Body decided that the Rector had no power of rejection. The candidate in question, however, declined the living. Whereupon Mr. Vane assured the Burrington parishioners that if they would leave the matter in his hands they might rely on his choosing a man who would be equally acceptable to him and to them. They gladly agreed. The Rector nominated himself, thus becoming Vicar of Burrington as well as Rector of Wrington; and with kindly, if somewhat autocratic sway, he managed, for no fewer than forty years, the ecclesiastical affairs of the parish. The truth is rather more complicated but more readily understood. It is revealed in the diocesan and parish records held at the Somerset Heritage Centre (SHC) and in the detailed account of the proceedings in the Court of Common Pleas. This can be found in a contemporary issue of The Law Journal that has recently become accessible via the Internet (Google Books). The case was heard on the 3rd February, 1829. The Rev. Wylde had been instituted as Perpetual Curate of Burrington (the formal title for the incumbent) in July 1795. In addition, he became curate at Rowberrow in March 1799 and Rector of Ubley in March 1805. He died on May 12th, 1826, aged 71. Two months earlier, perhaps because the Rev. Wylde’s health was failing, the Reverend James William Arnold had been licensed as curate at both Ubley and Burrington. These were salaried posts in the gift of the incumbent, not permanent appointments funded by tithes. The Rev. Arnold was a man of some social standing. His father had been a gentleman of the Privy Chamber to George III and he had married the daughter of an earl. A parish meeting was called on June 19th, 1826, at which Burrington parishioners were asked to choose between two candidates to succeed the Rev. Wylde. One was the Rev. Arnold, who was already doing the work. The other was the Reverend Richard Davies, who appears to have been resident in Wrington and to have been the preferred choice of the Rector of Wrington, the Reverend William Leeves. The Rev. Davies was Perpetual Curate at both Churchill and Puxton. He first officiated in Puxton in 1804, had been curate there since 1814 and Perpetual Curate in both parishes since 1819. The Rev. Arnold received 34 votes to 32 for the Rev. Davies. Next day, Benjamin Somers, as churchwarden, together with the Rev. Arnold, took the result to the Rector. However, William Leeves refused to present the Rev. Arnold to the Bishop. Instead, on November 8th, 1826, he nominated the Rev. Davies. The Rev. Arnold, Benjamin Somers and 73 Burrington parishioners sought redress in the courts. Writs were issued immediately. A writ of Quare Impedit demanding that Arnold be presented to the Bishop was issued on November 9th, 1826, and the defendants (Leeves, Davies and the Bishop) were summoned to appear before the justices at Westminster on the 8th day of the following Hilary Term. Next day, November 10th, a writ of no admittance was served on the Bishop to stop him from licensing Davies. When the case was heard, the jury found the election of Arnold to have been valid and binding on the Rector. However, Leeves, Davies and the Bishop appealed. That was why the matter went to the High Court. There it was decided that there had to be a re-trial. This was because the jury had not been properly directed on a subtle matter concerning the nature of the tradition by which the parishioners elected their vicar. Was it a common-law custom, or an ecclesiastical custom? This affected the time over which the custom had to become established for it to be held valid. There were also questions over parishioners’ eligibility to vote. The Court of Common Pleas came to their view with ‘much regret as the preferment is of so trifling a nature’. It would seem that the decision of the appeal court was too much for James Arnold. He had officiated at nearly all the recorded Burrington services from January 1826 until the end of March 1829. But he conducted no further services in Burrington and may be presumed to have left the area. By this time, the Reverend William Hutcheson had been appointed Rector of Ubley to succeed the Rev. Wylde and it was he who took most of the services recorded in Burrington over the next two years. William Leeves had died in May 1828 and had been succeeded as Rector of Wrington by the Reverend John Vane. Richard Davies had ceased to take services at both Puxton and Churchill in September, 1827 (except for an adult baptism at Puxton on 22nd September, 1829). At the retrial, the jury again found for the parishioners and, on January 31st 1831, a writ was served on the Bishop and the Rector of Wrington, requiring James Arnold to be presented to the Bishop. This was followed on April 16th by a formal memorandum, signed by Mary Addington, Benjamin Somers and 44 parishioners of Burrington, sent to John Vane, making the same demand. This he duly carried out and, on May 2nd, the Rev. Arnold was licensed to the curacy of Burrington. He declined to take up the post! A parish meeting was convened in Burrington for 11:00 am on Wednesday, 13th July, 1831. Its outcome was that John Vane was unanimously elected to fill the vacant curacy. A letter from the churchwardens was immediately sent to him asking him to present himself to the Bishop! No doubt some quiet diplomacy had been undertaken in the days beforehand, to try to heal the wounds. Finally, after a five-year interregnum, John Vane was licensed by the Bishop of Bath and Wells as Chaplain or Curate of Burrington on October 6th, 1831. He performed his first baptism in Holy Trinity Church the same day. And, as Francis Knight says, he continued to hold both incumbencies for the rest of his life. What became of the adversaries? Richard Davies died soon afterwards, sometime before December 1832. James Arnold took a curacy on the Isle of Wight in 1833, was awarded a Doctor of Divinity degree in 1843, and held several other clerical positions in Oxfordshire and Northamptonshire before he died in June 1865, aged 69. Whatever Happened to Whatley From the 12th century to the 19th century a significant landholding called Whatley figured in documents relating to the Manor of Wrington. But where was Whatley and what became of it? These were puzzles raised by Michael Lawder in the April 1976 issue of Wrington Village Journal. They remain a mystery. “Our” Whatley can easily be confused with the small manor and parish of the same name near Mells which, like Wrington, was both held by Glastonbury Abbey and listed in the Domesday Survey. The Whatley in Wrington is mentioned for the first time in 1189. This is in a survey of Glastonbury manors and it records that a Roger of Whatley held half a knight’s fee in Wrington. Typically this would have comprised 2 to 3 hides or 250 to 300 acres of ploughed land. Together with its pasture, meadow and woodland, it would have been quite a considerable holding. In other documents, Roger is referred to as Roger of Pont Audemer, that town inNormandybeing the site of his main estate. The land in Whatley was clearly the cause of some dispute. It is strange to think of absentee Norman knights arguing over this area of Wrington. In 1198, a list of Wrington tenants owing military service assigned the half knight’s fee at Whatley in the Manor of Wrington to a William of Wanton’. Then, in 1213, an entry on the Fine Roll records the payment of 20 marks and two palfreys to King John, for the recovery of this estate by Roger’s nephew, Jocelin of Pont Audemer. A few years later again, records show it being held by Henry of Sandwich. In a settlement of11 Nov 1235, at an Assize of Mort Ancestor, Simon of Sandwich acknowledged the right of Thomas of Moreton to hold the land. Thomas presumably claimed Whatley through inheritance and also held the manor now submerged underChewValleyLake. In 1298, a survey of the royal hunting Forestof Mendiplisted 21 settlements (vills) which surrounded the Forest and whose residents would have been adversely affected by the forest laws. Whatley (Whatleigh) is one. All the others are still the local parishes of today. Along the north slope of Mendip the list runs: Banwell, Churchill & Langford, Whatley, Winscombe, Shipham, Rowborough, Burrington, Blagdon, Ubley. Whatley was then held by John of Moreton. By 1342, when Abbot Walter of Monington had a feodary compiled listing all his hereditary tenants, Whatley had passed to Robert, son of Robert of Brent. During this time and over the following 200 years, many exchanges of parcels of land are recorded between the Brent family, a family called Whatman and a family based at Bourne, near Rickford. And in this process, Whatley passed out of the control of Glastonbury. In a post-mortem document of 1508, it is recorded that a later Robert of Brent held the manor of Over Langford, Nether Langford, Synderland, Whatley & Whatman’s Brent. It is my belief that the Brent family merged the land of Whatley, in the Manor of Wrington but now in the parish of Burrington, with holdings from the parts of Upper and Lower Langford, in the parish of Churchill, to form the estate based on Langford Court. In many documents, dating from the 1500s to the 1800s, it is referred to as the Manor of Langford alias Whatley alias Whatman’s Brent. It is now simply known as Langford. Ruth Weaver After our AGM on April 12th, Ruth Weaver’s described coming to Blagdon as a Land Girl. Her reminiscences were beautifully encapsulated in her poem When First I Came To Blagdon:- When first I came to Blagdon A Land Girl in the war I looked at her through homesick eyes Her beauty never saw. They told me when I volunteered I wouldn’t have to roam Could choose the job I liked the best Be posted close to home. But then my call-up papers came A short curt note to say Would I go down to Somerset Just prior to Christmas Day ? In one brief month they’d teach me all To milk and hoe – but how When I was simply petrified At the back end of a cow ! My heavy heart was sad by day Hot tears at night were shed My wrists and arms were numb with pain As each new dawn I’d dread. My hostel training over I’d acquired my accolade Then really thought that Butcombe Farm Was the last place God had made. I couldn’t grasp the dialect Of Dick and Frank and Ern And my North Country accent Gave them all quite a turn. The work was hard, the hours were long “Stick at it if you can!” Of course I did, by then I’d met My handsome, tall young man. Now Blagdon’s beauty I enjoy Each day thro’ sun and rain Yet still a lass fromLancashire For ever I’ll remain. Sidney Hill Cine Film Footage We are deeply indebted to John Hunt, who is Chairman of the Victoria Jubilee Homes Trust, for providing us with a DVD copy of the Sidney Hill cine film. John’s mother was Daphne Hill, the youngest of Sidney Hill’s daughters. The cine film was shot in and around Langford and Churchill during the late 20s, 30s and early 40s. John has had the film converted to a DVD which enables us to provide you with a chance to view the film as a streamed clip on our own “youtube” site. Some of the film has been seen before on a HTV documentary in the 1990s, but there is much new material. Please respect John’s copyright on the film, which cannot be copied but is available for you to view and enjoy in the comfort of your own home! Much of the film is centred on Langford House and records a golden era of garden parties, sporting events and royal celebrations. The footage gives us a unique insight into the Hill’s family life, with many images of Sidney and Edith’s children, Ronnie, Thurle and Daphne playing with their pets and admiring the gardens. There is also some excellent film of local characters from the village, who make cameo appearances. We would be very pleased to learn of any names you can give us. that will help to bring the film to life. The film has been divided into seven segments of roughly 10 minutes duration, each of which can be accessed by clicking on the link here. You can enter names or comments on the youtube site directly, or you can always send us an email using the “contact us” page on the website. Do enjoy the film and help us identify the characters that will bring the film to life. Paule Vezelay (1892 – 1984) Well known local artist, David Cuthbert, introduced us to another prominent Bristol artist, Paule Vezelay, nee Margaret Watson-Williams. She had studied at Bristol and the Slade Art School before moving to Paris in the 1920s where she became involved with the Surrealists, and lived for many years with Andre Masson. Her style developed over the years, and was clearly influenced by the men in her life, many of whom such as Masson and Arp became household names. Her own recognition came late in life when the Tate gave her a retrospective at the age of 91. We are hoping that there will be an article on Paule in the summer edition of the Royal West of England Acadamy’s magazine. Meanwhile there are a few images of her works in the Gallery section. We would like to find out more about her time in Bristol, so please get in touch if you have anything you can tell us about this remarkable lady. « Older Entries Newer Entries » EXHIBITION OF WATERCOLOURS BY THE LATE VIOLET GRAHAM Langford Tanneries – a History of a Local Industry Collinson on Langford The Brent family in Langford The Turnpike Controversies Langford’s First World War Casualties GEORGE EDWARD HILLING (1883 – 27 March 1917) WILLIAM DARE (1898 – 27th March 1918) JOHN STEMBRIDGE BURDGE (1895 – 1st July 1916) LEWIS FREDERICK COX (1891 -25th May 1915) Old cine film of Somerset Somerset High Sheriffs Latch Memorial at St John the Baptist Church, Churchill “Burgesville” Manorial Court Rolls An Early History of North Somerset Langford’s Inns Jill Polak – Notes on Resistivity Survey	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line155
__label__wiki	0.596749	0.596749	ONCOMING EVENTS FOI Act FOI APP Media Rights Monitor AU, EU Pledge to Promote and Protect Freedom of Expression in the Digital Age By Media Rights Agenda January 18, 2017 10:55 Updated Submerging Writer Fellowship Awards Open to Writers 0 16.Jul Armed Men Detain Journalists Covering Elections 0 22.Mar Registration Opens for World Press Freedom Day 2019 Holding in Addis Ababa 0 13.Feb The African Union (AU) and the European Union (EU) have made a joint commitment to promote and protect freedom of expression and the right of access to information in the digital age. They also reiterated their commitment to jointly support a continental conference on Freedom of Expression in Africa in 2017. These and other commitments, recommendations and commendations were contained in a communiqué issues at the end of the 12th AU-EU Human Rights Dialogue which took place in Brussels, Belgium on January 10, 2017. The Dialogue was led by Dr Aisha Laraba Abdullahi, the AU Commissioner for Political Affairs, and Mr. Stavros Lambrinidis, the EU Special Representative for Human Rights. Welcoming the ACHPR 2016 Resolution on the Right to Freedom of Information and Expression on the Internet the two continental unions emphasised that the same rights that people have offline must also be protected online. The Dialogue also discussed the shrinking space for civil society organizations and human rights defenders in Africa adding that they are looking forward to ACHPR adopting the Guidelines on Freedom of Association and Assembly in Africa by the and agreed to organize a seminar on the implementation on these guidelines once adopted. The AU and the EU commended efforts of Civil Society Steering Committees in organizing the 6th AU-EU Civil Society Seminar on Democratic Governance and Human Rights on 9 January 2017 in Brussels and which focused on counter-terrorism and human rights. They welcomed and took note of the recommendations, including an initiative on human rights and counter-terrorism in Africa and the adoption of the Mandate and Terms of Reference of the Steering Committee. Reaffirming the need for greater space for civil society within this partnership in order to fulfill their obligations without undue interference, they called on the civil society to inclusively and meaningfully contribute to the implementation of activities and programmes of the AU-EU Partnership on Democratic Governance and Human Rights, including on the preparation of the Africa-EU Summit. The two institutions welcomed the Declaration of the Human and Peoples’ Decade in Africa and the launch of the drafting of the African Human Rights Action and Implementation Plan 2017–26. They agreed that it is a unique opportunity for concrete and tangible improvements in the protection and promotion of fundamental rights. The EU agreed to support the AU with its plan to ensure the ratification and implementation of international and continental human rights instruments at the national level. The two institutions also welcomed the High-Level Dialogue on Democratic Governance focusing on the Promotion and Protection of Human Rights in Africa, which took place in November 2016 in Arusha, Tanzania. They also commended the exchange of experiences during the High Level Meeting of Chief (Election) Observers organised by the AU in the margins of the Declaration of Principles on International Election Observation (DOP) meeting in Johannesburg in October 2016 and agreed on the importance of regularly repeating the event. Reiterating their commitment to fighting impunity of all sorts and to holding perpetrators of human rights violations and abuses accountable, they made obligations to promoting justice at all levels while placing special emphasis on the importance of reinforcing national judiciaries. The AU reaffirmed its commitment to the principle of complementarity of the justice system from the national, regional, continental levels with the apex continental body being the African Court on Human and Peoples’ Rights. Participants were drawn from various African and European inter-governmental organisations and civil society leaders. STOP IMPUNITY NIGERIA Media Rights Agenda Calls on Kano State to Abolish Committee on Media Conduct MRA Sues NNPC for Consistently Violating FOI Act, Claims N15 Million Damages MRA Inducts NHIS into its Enhanced ‘FOI Hall of Shame,’ for Breach of FOI Act © 2014 Copyright Media Rights Agenda. All Rights reserved. Designed by ISOFT Enterprises	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line161
__label__cc	0.596225	0.403775	National Science Foundation funds chemical imaging research based on infrared thermography The National Science Foundation (NSF) has awarded Bowling Green State University (BGSU) and Concord Consortium (CC) an exploratory grant of $300 K to investigate how chemical imaging based on infrared (IR) thermography can be used in chemistry labs to support undergraduate learning and teaching. Chemists often rely on visually striking color changes shown by pH, redox, and other indicators to detect or track chemical changes. About six years ago, I realized that IR imaging may represent a novel class of universal indicators that, instead of using halochromic compounds, use false color heat maps to visualize any chemical process that involves the absorption, release, or distribution of thermal energy (see my original paper published in 2011). I felt that IR thermography could one day become a powerful imaging technique for studying chemistry and biology. As the technique doesn't involve the use of any chemical substance as a detector, it could be considered as a "green" indicator. Fig. 1: IR-based differential thermal analysis of freezing point depression Although IR cameras are not new, inexpensive lightweight models have become available only recently. The releases of two competitively priced IR cameras for smartphones in 2014 marked an epoch of personal thermal vision. In January 2014, FLIR Systems unveiled the $349 FLIR ONE, the first camera that can be attached to an iPhone. Months later, a startup company Seek Thermal released a $199 IR camera that has an even higher resolution and can be connected to most smartphones. The race was on to make better and cheaper cameras. In January 2015, FLIR announced the second-generation FLIR ONE camera, priced at $231 in Amazon. With an educational discount, the price of an IR cameras is now comparable to what a single sensor may cost (e.g., Vernier sells an IR thermometer at $179). All these new cameras can take IR images just like taking conventional photos and record IR videos just like recording conventional videos. The manufacturers also provide application programming interfaces (APIs) for developers to blend thermal vision and computer vision in a smartphone to create interesting apps. Fig. 2: IR-based differential thermal analysis of enzyme kinetics Not surprisingly, many educators, including ourselves, have realized the value of IR cameras for teaching topics such as thermal radiation and heat transfer that are naturally supported by IR imaging. Applications in other fields such as chemistry, however, seem less obvious and remain underexplored, even though almost every chemistry reaction or phase transition absorbs or releases heat. The NSF project will focus on showing how IR imaging can become an extraordinary tool for chemical education. The project aims to develop seven curriculum units based on the use of IR imaging to support, accelerate, and expand inquiry-based learning for a wide range of chemistry concepts. The units will employ the predict-observe-explain (POE) cycle to scaffold inquiry in laboratory activities based on IR imaging. To demonstrate the versatility and generality of this approach, the units will cover a range of topics, such as thermodynamics, heat transfer, phase change, colligative properties (Figure 1), and enzyme kinetics (Figure 2). The research will focus on finding robust evidence of learning due to IR imaging, with the goal to identify underlying cognitive mechanisms and recommend effective strategies for using IR imaging in chemistry education. This study will be conducted for a diverse student population at BGSU, Boston College, Bradley University, Owens Community College, Parkland College, St. John Fisher College, and SUNY Geneseo. Partial support for this work was provided by the National Science Foundation's Improving Undergraduate STEM Education (IUSE) program under Award No. 1626228. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation. Labels: Infrared Imaging, IR, Thermal imaging, Thermography Infrared Street View selected as a finalist in Department of Energy's JUMP competition JUMP is an online crowdsourcing community hosted by five national laboratories of the US Department of Energy (DOE) and some of the top private companies in the buildings sector. The goal is to broaden the pool of people from whom DOE seeks ideas and to move these ideas to the marketplace faster. In July, the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) and CLEAResult launched a Call for Innovation to leverage crowdsourcing to solicit new ideas for saving energy in homes based on smartphone technologies. Modern smartphones are packed with a variety of sensors capable of detecting all kinds of things about their surroundings. Smartphones can determine whether people are home, or close to home, which may be useful for managing their HVAC systems and controlling lighting and appliances. Smartphones can also gather and analyze data to inform homeowners and improve residential energy efficiency. Infrared images of houses We responded to the call with a proposal to develop a smartphone app that can be used to create an infrared version of Google's Street View, which we call Infrared Street View. NREL notified us this week that the proposal has been selected as a finalist of the competition and invited us to pitch the idea at the CLEAResult Energy Forum in Austin, TX next month. The app will integrate smartphone-based infrared imaging (e.g., FLIR ONE) and Google Map, along with built-in sensors of the smartphone such as the GPS sensor and the accelerometer, to create thermal views of streets at night in the winter in order to reveal possible thermal anomalies in neighborhoods and bring awareness of energy efficiency to people. These infrared images may even have business values. For example, they may provide information about the conditions of the windows of a building that may be useful to companies interested in marketing new windows. The app will be based on the SDK of FLIR ONE and the Google Map API, backed by a program running in the cloud to collect, process, and serve data. The latest FLIR ONE model now costs $249 and works with common Android and iOS devices, making it possible for us to implement this idea. A virtual reality mode will also be added to enhance the visual effect. So this could be an exciting IR+VR+AR (augmented reality) project. You may be wondering who would be interested in using the app to create the infrared street views. After all, the success of the project depends on the participation of a large number of people. But we are not Google and we do not have the resources to hire a lot of people to do the job. Our plan is to work with schools. We have a current project in which we work with teachers to promote infrared imaging as a novel way to teach thermal energy and heat transfer in classrooms. This is an area in science education that every school covers. Many teachers -- after seeing an infrared camera in action -- are convinced that infrared imaging is the ultimate way to teach thermal science. If this project is used as a capstone activity in thermal science, it is possible that we can reach and motivate thousands of students who would help make this crowdsourcing project a success. Those who know earlier efforts may consider this initiative a new round to advance the idea. The main new things are: 1) our plan is based on crowdsourcing with potentially a large number of students who are equipped with smartphone-based IR cameras, not a few drive-by trucks with cameras that homeowners have no idea about; 2) the concerns of privacy and legality should be mitigated as students only scan their own houses and neighbors with permissions from their parents and neighbors and only publish their images in the Google Map app when permitted by their parents and neighbors; and, most importantly, 3) unlike the previous projects that do not put people first, our project starts with the education of children and has a better chance to convince adults. Labels: Infrared Imaging, IR, Thermography Modeling Charlottesville High School's solar project using Energy3D Schools have plenty of roof space that can be turned into small power plants to provide electricity to students. Many schools have already taken actions. Some teachers even use the subject matter in their teaching. But in most cases, students are not profoundly involved in solarizing their own schools. Fig. 1: Google Map 3D vs. Energy3D Sure, students are not professional engineers and adults may not trust them when making serious investments in solar energy. But there is a safe way to let them try: Computer simulation allows students to model and design solar panel arrays for their schools without incurring any cost, risk, or injury. Fig. 2: 88-panel arrays on CHS's roof. There have been scores of software programs for professional solar designers. But they usually cost $1,000 per license or annual subscription as their market is really a small niche. In addition to this cost barrier for schools, most of these tools do not necessarily cover education standards or support student learning. Thanks to the National Science Foundation, there is now a powerful free alternative for all students and teachers -- Energy3D. A one-stop shop for solar power design and simulation, Energy3D is an extremely versatile CAD tool that can be used to design rooftop solar solutions for not only average homes but also large buildings (you probably have also seen that it can be used to design utility-scale concentrated solar power stations as well). Importantly, Energy3D provides excellent 3D graphics, rich visualizations, and powerful analytical tools that support scientific inquiry and engineering design at fundamental levels. These features make Energy3D a perfect tool for engaging students and fostering learning. Fig. 3: Solar irradiance map (June 22) We are collaborating with Charlottesville High School (CHS) in Virginia to plan for a pilot test of the Solarize Your School project, in which students will learn science and engineering concepts and principles through designing large-scale solar panel arrays that achieve optimal cost effectiveness. To make sure every student has the same building to solarize, I sketched up an Energy3D model of CHS as shown in Figure 1 to provide to students as the starting point. If you want to do this for your own school, you can import a Google Map image of the school using the Geo-Location Menu in Energy3D. After the map image shows up in the view, you can draw directly on top of it to get the basic shape right. While it may not be possible to get the exact heights in Google Map, you can use the elevation data provided by Google Earth to calculate the heights of the walls and roofs. CHS currently has six arrays of solar panels installed on their roof. Five arrays have 88 panels each and one has 10. The panels are arranged in three rows, with the portrait orientation and a tilt angle of 10 degrees (Figure 2). All the panels are 240W AP-240 PK from Advanced Solar Photonics (ASP). Their solar cell efficiency is 14.82%. Their temperature coefficient of Pmax (a property that measures the decrease of solar output when the temperature rises) is -0.4%/°C. Their size is 1650 x 992 x 50 mm. Each panel has three internal bypass diodes. The arrays use REFUsol string inverters to convert electricity from DC to AC, meaning that these arrays probably have little to no tolerance to shade and should be placed away as far from any tall structure as possible. I couldn't find the efficiency of the string inverters, so I chose 90% as it seems typical. I also didn't know the dust level in the area and the cleaning schedule, so I applied 5% of dust loss throughout the year (although the dust loss tends to be higher in the spring due to pollen). Since they went into operation on March 1, 2012, these panels have generated a total of 605 megawatt hours (MWh) as of September 8, 2016, amounting to an average of annual yield at 135 MWh. Fig. 4: Prediction vs. reality. I added these solar panel arrays to the Energy3D model with their parameters set for simulation. Figure 3 shows a heat map visualization of solar irradiance on June 22, indicating the ranges of major shading areas. Figure 4 shows the comparison of the predicted output and the actual output in the past 12 months. As some of the arrays were in maintenance for some time in the past year, I picked the highest-performing array and multiplied its output by five to obtain a number that would fairly represent the total yield in the ideal situation. Also note that as there is currently no weather data for Charlottesville, I picked the nearby Lynchburg, which is about 68 miles southwest of Charlottesville, as the location. The prediction of the total output by Energy3D is a bit higher than the actual output in the past year (139 MWh vs. 130 MWh). If we compare the predicted result with the four-year average, the difference is less (139 MWh vs. 135 MWh). In terms of monthly trend, it seems Energy3D underestimates the winter outputs and overestimates the summer outputs. While the result may be satisfactory for educational use, we will continue to improve the fidelity of Energy3D simulations. Labels: CAD, Computer-aided design, Computer-Aided Engineering, Energy3D, Engineering design, Photovoltaics, SmartCAD, Solar energy, Solar radiation modeling National Science Foundation funds chemical imaging... Infrared Street View selected as a finalist in Dep... Modeling Charlottesville High School's solar proje...	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line162
__label__cc	0.748136	0.251864	Glennie Receives NSF Grant The National Science Foundation has granted Dr. Craig Glennie and collaborators a $300,000 grant to develop a real-time change detection system, using LiDAR data, for disaster response.... The National Science Foundation has granted Dr. Craig Glennie and collaborators a $300,000 grant to develop a real-time change detection system, using LiDAR data, for disaster response. Click here to download the PDF of the Fall 2013 edition of Blueprint, the UH Civil & Environmental Engineering magazine, covering the details of the grant, along with NCALM's recent NSF funding. NCALM Researcher Featured in The Verge A popular web-publication, The Verge, featured an online article with Dr. William Carter about NCALM's work finding archeological ruins in rainforests. View the article here. NCALM Work Highlighted in The New Yorker The New Yorker featured an article reviewing archeological work completed using NCALM-collected data. The article, titled "The El Dorado Machine," can be found here. Parameters Magazine Does Highlight Issue on NCALM Be sure to check out the Fall 2012 issue of Parameters, the University of Houston Cullen College of Engineering magazine. The edition highlights NCALM's current work and research with... Be sure to check out the Fall 2012 issue of Parameters, the University of Houston Cullen College of Engineering magazine. The edition highlights NCALM's current work and research with features from Dr. Shrestha, Dr. Glennie, Dr. Lee, and Dr. Prasad. UH Researchers Mapping Tahoe National Forest, Bit by Bit Researchers with the University of Houston Cullen College of Engineering are creating what will likely be the most accurate and detailed map of a forested area the world has ever seen. Glacier Study Explores Sea Levels, Water Resources Hyongki Lee, an assistant professor of civil and environmental engineering with the University of Houston Cullen College of Engineering, is part of an international team studying shrinking... Hyongki Lee, an assistant professor of civil and environmental engineering with the University of Houston Cullen College of Engineering, is part of an international team studying shrinking mountain glaciers and ice caps using satellite remote sensing measurements. Laser Mapping Center Gets NSF Funding With support from the National Science Foundation (NSF), the University of Houston’s National Center for Airborne Laser Mapping (NCALM) has, in the past few years: located ancient ruins,... With support from the National Science Foundation (NSF), the University of Houston’s National Center for Airborne Laser Mapping (NCALM) has, in the past few years: located ancient ruins, identified levees in danger of failing, charted land erosion following hurricanes, created flood maps for urban areas, found near-drought conditions in seemingly healthy plants, mapped the sea floor, ch Glennie Wins ASPRS Talbert Abrams Award Assistant professor Craig Glennie is the American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing Grand Award recipient of the 2013 Talbert Abrams Award for his paper titled "Calibration and... Assistant professor Craig Glennie is the American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing Grand Award recipient of the 2013 Talbert Abrams Award for his paper titled "Calibration and Kinematic Analysis of the Velodyne HDL-64E S2 LiDAR Sensor," published in Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing. The award was presented at the ASPRS Annual Conference in Baltimore, MD, on March 26, 2013. Click here to view the announcement. Geosensing Systems Engineering Student Awarded the AAGS Fellowship Darren Hauser, an M.S. student in the Geosensing Systems Engineering program at the University of Houston, is the recipient of the 2012 American Association for Geodetic Surveying (AAGS)... Darren Hauser, an M.S. student in the Geosensing Systems Engineering program at the University of Houston, is the recipient of the 2012 American Association for Geodetic Surveying (AAGS) Graduate Fellowship Award. Click here to view the announcement. Darren's research involves the development of a small, affordable mobile LiDAR unit deployable on a backpack as well as terrestrial and airborne vehicles. Congratulations, Darren! NCALM LiDAR Data Included in a PBS NewsHour Science Clip PBS NewsHour reviewed current research into the effects of dam removal on New Hampshire's Ashuelot River. Data collected by NCALM plays an integral role. Click here to watch the video clip.	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line167
__label__wiki	0.694865	0.694865	project : Public Art Honoring Gloria A Tribute to Gloria Casarez Gloria Casarez was born and raised in Philadelphia and graduated from West Chester University with dual degrees in criminal justice and political science. She was the founding member and community organizer of Empty the Shelters, a national housing rights and economic justice organization. Casarez served as the coordinator for the LGBT Center at the University of Pennsylvania. She was executive director of the Gay and Lesbian Latino AIDS Education Initiative (GALAEI) in Philadelphia from 1999 to 2008. During her time with GALAEI, Casarez tripled the organizations funding and developed nationallyrecognized programs serving men of color and the transgender people. In 2008, Casarez was appointed as the city’s first Director of LGBT Affairs with Mayor Michael Nutter’s administration. In her role, Casarez led efforts around public safety, education, economic development, health and city services and civil rights. During Casarez’s tenure, Philadelphia adopted the broadest LGBT rights protections in the nation and ranked as the number one city nationwide for LGBT equality according to the Human Rights Campaign. In 2011, Casarez married her longtime partner, Tricia Dressel, in New York City. The couple’s marriage was legally recognized in Pennsylvania in 2014. After living and working with metastatic breast cancer for over five years, Casarez died on October 19, 2014 at the age of 42. The circle surrounding Gloria’s portrait was inspired by Pima Mexican pottery from Chihuahua, Mexico where Gloria's ancestors are from. The circle then pans out to create an echo effect as a symbol of Gloria’s experiences reverberating out into the community where she worked. Around the circle is one of Gloria's quotes ‘Engage, Find Voice, Expand Your Community.’ The leaf patterns on the left side of the design which will be facing St. James Street were inspired by a design on one of Gloria’s notebooks. Each leaf contains images that represent a personal story in Gloria’s life, such as her great grandfather’s immigration papers, or the acronym ‘WWGD’ representing the phrase ‘What would Gloria do?’ The mural is designed as a full color wheel gradient to reflect the rainbow and it's symbolism in the LGBTQ community.” Over 50 of Casarez’s friends and family, as well as members of the public, helped paint the mural during several paint day opportunities. The partners of this project are The Office of the Mayor, Philadelphia Commission on Human Relations, William Way LGBT Community Center, Bread and Roses Community Fund, GALAEI, Leeway Foundation, 12th Street Gym, and Philly Pride Presents. The Gloria Casarez mural is funded by the City ofPhiladelphia – Mayor's Office. The Mayor's Office supported the project in memoriam of Gloria Casarez, the City's first Director of LGBT Affairs. < previous project next project > © 2017 – 2020 Michelle Angela Ortiz \| heavy bubble portfolio websites for artists	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line171
__label__wiki	0.688302	0.688302	Anberlin Release New Song “Atonement” By Joe Ballard · On July 1, 2014 The Scoop: Florida alt-rock heavyweights Anberlin have released another new song off their final album Lowborn, titled “Atonement”, which you can listen to exclusively on USA Today. The Spin: “Atonement” is an extremely personal song for frontman Stephen Christian, who says on his personal facebook page that it explains why the band decided to break up. He tells USA Today: “None of us are angry, there’s no chaos within the band. I wanted to show the fans and the listeners, ‘Here’s what I’m thinking, here’s the logic behind calling it a day.'” “My passion has shifted, has changed to being with my family and living a different life. If I continue going on with Anberlin, when the winds have already shifted, I feel like I’m ripping them off, that I’m not putting my heart and soul into my performances on the stage.” The Question: What do you think of “Atonement”? Are you more excited or sad to be getting close to the release of Lowborn? Let us know in the comments below! Have some news of your own? Spill it! AnberlinTooth & Nail Records Joe Ballard Publishing graduate from Illinois State University. Yes, I’m that nerd who still reads those ancient artifacts called books, and I edit them in addition to the lovely articles here on MEB. I listen to pretty much every type of rock music although I'm fondest of all things indie-rock and pop-rock. Any rare free time I have revolves around running many miles and reading George R. R. Martin novels.	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line173
__label__wiki	0.823075	0.823075	Lindros Ends Playing Career, Becomes Man in Transition By Bob Herpen Eric Lindros finally called it quits Thursday night, finally bringing to an end one of the NHL’s most intriguing Greek Tragedies. In reality it took several months, or maybe several seasons too long for him to admit it, but at least he came clean relatively quickly. We were spared the slo-mo train wreck in Theo Fleury’s case, or the pangs of guilt for not letting an old man take one last turn like when Larry Murphy waited three-quarters of a season before getting the hint. Plus, it’s all but a lock that Lindros has found his niche, as the soon-to-be appointed ombudsman for the NHLPA. We’ll be spared an ESPN story months from now about how he’s a faded superstar failing to adjust to life without hockey. As for his legacy, that’s a real tricky question. There’s just as much good as bad thrown into his 16-year saga. He made a mark by cheesing off millions of French-Canadians by refusing to play for the Nordiques as a first-overall draft pick. He made a bigger mark by resurrecting the Flyers franchise despite the sheer number of players given up. He left dozens of opponents in his wake through blunt strength, but also left teammates in his wake due to the meddling of his mother and father-agent. He was smart enough to rein in his bulldozer-like tendencies to become a fearsome scoring and physical force, but curiously was not intelligent enough to foresee a diminished career with concussion problems – even when his younger brother gave up the NHL after three such injuries in a two-year span. Such is the fate of those who are raised to be superstars. Nonetheless, there are dozens of moments I’ll remember from his playing days, particularly where he started, in Philadelphia. Like his first home goal in 1992, when it looked like he’d turn Devils goaltender Chris Terreri into a red-and-black smudge on the ice, before hitting the brakes, turning to the backhand and scoring while being tripped. And when Lindros abused the Blues for a hat trick in 1994, he finished the 8-3 win by pounding on burly defenseman Lee Norwood for good measure. Or the way he turned an entire Rangers line into his personal pinball-flippers during a game at the Spectrum in 1995. Or the pure, unrestrained emotion he showed as a 22-year-old accepting the award for the most valuable player in hockey. A personal favorite of mine came in a March, 1997 game against Edmonton. In overtime, Lindros began by dishing off to a teammate at center ice, steamrolling right through an Oiler defender, taking the return pass and scoring the game-winning goal within a span of five seconds. That was one of many times you knew trouble was coming, and it kept you glued to your seat for the entire game just for that one moment. Unfortunately, I’ll re member the bad times as well. Like the way he was speechless at his locker after failing to back up pale Messier-like guarantees before playoff losses to Florida in 1996 and Buffalo in 1998. Or how his head and body hung limp after taking a brutal hit from Darius Kasparaitis in Pittsburgh, or the soul-sucking check he took from Scott Stevens in 2000. Another question that’s kicked around is about his Hall-of-Fame credentials. Amazingly, former Flyers GM Bob Clarke said on Canada’s TSN on Wednesday, that he believes Lindros is a good candidate. His criteria? If Cam Neely was elected based equally on what he accomplished as well as what was taken away due to injury, so should Lindros. But really, Neely left in the prime of his career, a summer after leading the Bruins in scoring. He was only two years removed from 27 goals in a lockout year, and three from an amazing 50-goals-in-44-games campaign. Lindros, on the other hand, hadn’t finished with 40 since 1998-99, the last year of his prime. He’s now five seasons removed from his last 30-goal year (37 with the Rangers in 2001-2002). He put together years of 19, 11, 10 and five goals since then, and on only one occasion played more than 50 games in a season. His prime can be narrowed down to five seasons, 1994 through 1999, and he managed to miss time with injury in all of them. Still, the numbers are staggering: 178 goals, 250 assists, and 613 penalty minutes in 305 games. But it’s only five years. Even if you tack on a 97-point campaign in his second full season and his 73 points in 01-02 in New York, the consistency doesn’t come close to other star players in his era: Shanahan, Jagr, Francis, Bure, Fedorov, Recchi, Sakic and Forsberg all either avoided injury and put up numbers, or came back from injury-riddled campaigns with better seasons. I firmly believe neither is Hall-worthy because they both pale in comparison to Mike Bossy, who recorded nine-straight 50-goal seasons (and one of 38) along with four Stanley Cups in 10 years with the Islanders before chronic back problems forced him to retire in 1987. Those are sure-fire short-time enshrinement credentials. The one over-arching theme I keep coming back to though, is that Lindros’ tenure actually had a negative effect on the NHL. Think about it. The only way the rest of the league could manage to stop this gargantuan man-child was to implement an offense-choking strategy, using “players” who were just as big and whose job was just to get in the way. So, there you have it. Ol’ Number 88 is predominantly responsible for the top two reasons the NHL fell into disrepair from the late 1990’s through 2004: the neutral zone trap and the prevalence of 6-foot-5, 250-pound defensemen who were nothing more than interference penalties on skates. Neil Young wrote the famous line, “It’s better to burn out than it is to rust.” In the case of Eric Lindros, that seems to be dead on. We watched the sleek, shiny Cadillac become a corroded 1976 Buick in the blink of an eye, weathered by seasons too quick to fathom. Still, I get the feeling that the new chapter of his life will bring about better change across a wider spectrum. He’s already risen to a position of rare power within the players’ union, and his leadership was key in producing the overhaul of the NHLPA constitution last week. He’s in a place where there won’t be so much subjective debate about his merits, because he will be flanked by his contemporaries who share similar goals. That’s the best possible outcome for a man of such passion and such sensitivity. He won’t be one man forced to strap an entire team or city onto his back, so the vacant stare of the player thrown around by fate is replaced by the steely confidence of the person dedicated to the benefit of his peers. At this point, at age 34, he’s earned the honor of more anonymity. He’s also due some purely positive experience. While the train carrying Eric Lindros the Superstar Player departs, the one carrying Eric Lindros the devoted Union Man is just arriving. Labels: Flyers, Herpen, NHL Eric was an excellent player. I already knew that he's built a great career , but I got very impressed when I watched this video today with his career stats about games, goals, assists and points http://www.weshow.com/us/p/23209/eric_lindros_retires_from_nhl. Did you know that he scored almost 1000 points? His retirement is a pity, we will miss his talent in NHL.	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line181
__label__wiki	0.69442	0.69442	6-29-08 Okie Racing Ventura / 08 06-29-08 Okie Ventura 046 Pass for the Lead Marc and Tucker 1 \| 2 \| 3 \| 4 \| 5 \| 6 \| 7 \| 8 \| 9 \| 10 \| 11 \| 12 \| 13 \| 14 \| 15 \| 16 \| 17 \| 18 \| 19 \| 20 \| 21 \| 22 \| 23 \| 24 \| 25 \| 26 \| 27 \| 28 \| 29 \| 30 \| 31 \| 32 \| 33 \| 34 \| 35 \| 36 \| 37 \| 38 \| 39 \| 40 \| 41 \| 42 \| 43 \| 44 \| 45 \| 46 \| 47 \| 48 \| 49 \| 50 \| 51 \| 52 \| 53 \| 54 \| 55 \| 56 \| 57 \| 58 \| 59 \| 60 08 06-29-08 Okie Ventura 046 Pass for the Lead Marc and Tucker.jpg Contact Marc @ chopped47ford@aol.com if you have any questions about our group or anything on the site.	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line182
__label__wiki	0.501137	0.501137	Read more from Xanthi A Curious Calling: Kathryn Hoyle, Sh! Store Founder Meet the lady who started a women's only store that sells so much more than feminism Written by Xanthi Barker. Published on September 5th 2011. WANDERING around Hoxton Square it is difficult not to have your eyes drawn towards the bubblegum-coloured door and pinked-out windows of Sh!. Inside, it may take a minute to re-adjust and realise you are not in an out-sized sweet-shop but actually staring at a different kind of stimulant altogether. This is possibly the only place in London that can feel simultaneously playful, educational and risqué. Operating a women-only policy, Kathryn Hoyle, founder of Sh!, has created a haven, where women can ask about and buy sex toys away from the male gaze or flashing lights of underground sex shops. And with the footprints of June’s Slut Walk still heavy on the ground, clearly women still need this kind of sanctuary. But Sh! is not exclusive, and the bright colours and devotedly un-awkward staff prevent any visit from being a sombre affair. Even Heston Blumenthal has paid a visit to find out how to keep his jelly wobbling... You’ve been here since 1992. What did you do before then? I was in my twenties, floating around. I’d just got back from teaching English in Japan. I’d been a nanny, started my own sandwich round. There was this big government campaign because AIDs had hit. There was lots of scare-mongering. We were meant to take charge of our own sexual health. I had a few glasses of wine with a friend in Soho and we thought we’d have a look for some toys. But it was the most awful, alienating experience. It was like, hang on a minute, this is years after feminism, after taking control of our fertility, the pill. They were really dark. There would be lots of secondhand books in the front and all the stuff was in the back – really manky vibrators in this funny orange colour. They call it flesh colour but it’s like nobody’s flesh. All aimed at men then? Totally. It was all very cheap, in terms of manufacture. Our policy here is that men are welcome as guests of women but they can’t come in on their own, except on Tuesday night, which is gent’s night. Sh! Customers Why do you think it is that there’s so much more shame around women’s sexuality? I think it’s to do with it being hidden. It’s a very cultural thing – that ‘ladies don’t’. It goes back centuries. Where does that come from? Who knows... I almost go to the anatomical kind of explanation – for men it’s all there. They can see it, see each other’s. There’s a much more communal feeling about boys and their sexuality. Whereas girls, we’re hidden. We’re can’t see each other’s. We’re battling against a lot of things. Like what porn we do see is all really stylised and idealised. There’s a lot of insecurity. You run classes here as well, why do women need that kind of thing? Because they’re being fed a lot of nonsense all the time. When we started, if a women owned a vibrator she was seen as sad or sexually frustrated, sex-crazed or sex-starved. Now, if you don’t own a vibrator you’re seen as a bit prudish. There’s been a huge change, which is great, but we don’t want it to tip the other way and have women feel they’ve got to do all this siren-in-the-bedroom stuff. We give classes so people know what’s available and how to go about things, but also in the spirit that, if it’s not for you that’s OK. Not all women respond in the same way. Sh! team Are your staff experts on all these products? We have Sh! girl testers who pass on their opinions. We can’t all test them all. But recommending toys is always tricky. Women who are nervous about coming could almost be open to being sold anything. It’s important that they have what’s right for them otherwise they’ll have a bad experience. Just because it costs £100 doesn’t mean it’s better than something that costs £10. it depends what stimulation you like, how you’re using it, who you’re using it with. We get a lot of women in who’ve literally walked round the block five times, you see them walking past the shop looking in. They come in and circle over by the flavoured things. Finally they come up to the vibrator table and say, really quickly, ‘I’ve-come-to-buy-a-vibrator-but-I’ve-never-bought-a-vibrator-before-can-you-help?’. You must see a real mix of women! We get women right up to their 80s. I literally had to do a double take – I thought my nan had walked in. Women like that are brilliant. ‘I’ve come to buy a vibrator - me old ones bust.’ Do you think men do get intimidated by some of this stuff? Hopefully the men who come to this shop love it because they can explore together with their partner. If you include someone, it becomes sexy. If it’s exclusive then of course you’d feel intimidated. I’ve seen all sorts of weird marketing from other shops like ‘why a rabbit vibrator is better than your man’ and I think – oh God! Can we stop doing this? Come on! We’re sold so many messages. There’s so many channels, films, messages. We’re sold this other reality – what a true women looks like, her body, her handbag. We’re sold these ideals. Some couple who’ve been together 30 years and still have hot sex in the shower. That just doesn’t happen! Why can’t we say that? I would like to see some more reality. It’s making us all so insecure. I’m not down with insecurity. www.sh-womenstore.com To read about more curious callings, please click here	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line183
__label__wiki	0.694367	0.694367	A Memorial Day message from Return to Freedom A wild horse captured in 2000 from the Sheldon National Wildlife Refuge in Oregon. All horses and burros have been removed from the Sheldon Refuge. Photo at Return to Freedom's American Wild Horse Sanctuary by Sarvey Tahmasebi Rector. 2017-05-29T23:10:54+00:00May 29th, 2017\| A wild horse captured in 2000 from the Sheldon National Wildlife Refuge in Oregon. All horses and burros have been removed from the Sheldon Refuge. Photo taken at Return to Freedom’s American Wild Horse Sanctuary by Sarvey Tahmasebi Rector. Today, we honor the brave men and women who gave their lives to our country. We honor the brave dogs, burros and mules that worked by their sides. We honor the brave war horses that carried them. More than 8 million horses, donkeys and mules died in World War I alone. Many of these horses were bred for the cavalry and, later, when large ranchos were sold to the U.S. government refuge system, many of these free-ranging horses returned to a natural state on federal lands. Today, descendants of these war horses have been permanently removed from their ranges.	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line186
__label__wiki	0.615507	0.615507	kinds of operating systems Operating systems can be grouped according to functionality: operating systems for supercomputing, render farms, mainframes, servers, workstations, desktops, handheld devices, real time systems, or embedded systems. Supercomputing is primarily scientific computing, usually modelling real systems in nature. Render farms are collections of computers that work together to render animations and special effects. Work that previously required supercomputers can be done with the equivalent of a render farm. Mainframes used to be the primary form of computer. Mainframes are large centralized computers. At one time they provided the bulk of business computing through time sharing. Mainframes and mainframe replacements (powerful computers or clusters of computers) are still useful for some large scale tasks, such as centralized billing systems, inventory systems, database operations, etc. When mainframes were in widespread use, there was also a class of computers known as minicomputers which were smaller, less expensive versions of mainframes for businesses that couldn’t afford true mainframes. Servers are computers or groups of computers used for internet serving, intranet serving, print serving, file serving, and/or application serving. Servers are also sometimes used as mainframe replacements. Desktop operating systems are used for personal computers. Workstations are more powerful versions of personal computers. Often only one person uses a particular workstation (like desktops) and workstations often run a more powerful version of a desktop operating system, but workstations run on more powerful hardware and often have software associated with larger computer systems. Handheld operating systems are much smaller and less capable than desktop operating systems, so that they can fit into the limited memory of handheld devices. Real time operating systems (RTOS) are specifically designed to respond to events that happen in real time. This can include computer systems that run factory floors, computer systems for emergency room or intensive care unit equipment (or even the entire ICU), computer systems for air traffic control, or embedded systems. RTOSs are grouped according to the response time that is acceptable (seconds, milliseconds, microseconds) and according to whether or not they involve systems where failure can result in loss of life. Embedded systems are combinations of processors and special software that are inside of another device, such as the electronic ignition system on cars. proprietary vs. UNIX In the early days of computing, each manufacturer created their own custom operating system(s). There was competition in features of both the operating system and the underlying hardware. After AT&T was forced to abandon commercial computing as part of an antitrust settlement, AT&T’s UNIX was made available for free to the academic community. Because UNIX had been designed in a way that made it easy to “port” (move) to new hardware, colleges and universities that switched to UNIX were able to run a single operating system on all of their computers, even if their computers came from multiple manufacturers. Eventually UNIX spread into the business community, and pushed aside almost all proprietary mainframe and minicomputer operating systems. Only IBM’s MVS and DEC’s OpenVMS survived in common use (MVS because of the sheer number of installations using it and OpenVMS in the banking and financial community because of its high reliability, security, and preservation of data). Even IBM and DEC ended up offering their own versions of UNIX as well as their proprietary operating systems. In a reintroduction of the “Tower of Babel”, manufacturers once again competed in features, offering platform-specific enhancements to their versions of UNIX. MIS managers were faced with the choice of using these custom features and being locked into a specific manufacturer’s version of UNIX or foregoing the advanced features and limiting themselves to generic UNIX facilities. With the introduction of microprocessors and personal computers, once again manufacturers each produced their own custom proprietary operating systems for their hardware, often changing operating systems with each new generation of hardware. Commodore and Apple introduced semi-graphical operating systems for the Commodore PET and C64 and the Apple ][. Digital Research introduced CP/M, a simple business-oriented operating system that ran on multiple manufacturer’s computers. Moving beyond the early hobbyist days, Commodore (Amiga), Atari (GEM), and Apple (Lisa and Macintosh) introduced fully graphic user interfaces. Microsoft introduced a bad copy of CP/M, known as MS-DOS or PC-DOS, and then later introduced a bad copy of the Macintosh known as Windows. The strong point of these desktop operating systems was the graphic user interface, which opened up the computer to the masses, no longer demanding that computer users be mathematically competent by eliminating the text command line. While the Amiga and Atari’s GEM had very solid underpinnings, the Macintosh and Windows have always had weak underpinnings, which typically manifests as system crashes and various mysterious events. The Amiga slowly dwindled in popularity due to gross mismanagement by Commodore executives, while Atari’s GEM was a victim of Atari’s financial troubles. Microsoft has repeatedly tried to fix the underpinnings of Windows, with Windows 95, Windows 98, Windows NT, and Windows 2000, but never with success. Apple also tried to fix the underpinnings of the Macintosh, first with Copeland (never released, although parts of it appeared in Mac OS 8), and now with Mac OS X. With Mac OS X, Apple took an already working workstation UNIX (NeXT) and have been attempting to place the Macintosh user interface on top. So far it looks as if Apple will be providing a high quality UNIX, but at the sacrifice of basic user interface capability, which may make Mac OS X too difficult for the non-engineer to use. With OS/2, IBM succeeded in creating a personal computer operating system that had both a sophisticated graphic user interface and high quality underpinnings, but Microsoft used what were later declared illegal tactics to prevent OS/2 from becoming popular. For almost as long as there have been microprocessors, there have been variations of UNIX available for them (Apple even provided its own version of UNIX for the Macintosh hardware), including the BSD projects (FreeBSD, NetBSD, OpenBSD). With LINUX, a UNIX-like operating system took off in popularity. LINUX started as an alternative operating system to Windows, coordinated by Linus Torvalds, at the time an engineering student. With the cooperation of literally tens of thousands of volunteer programmers, Linux grew into a powerful server and workstation operating system. Two groups (KDE and GNOME) are in the process of building modern graphic user interfaces for Linux. Already, their work has progressed to the point that after some initial set-up hassles, many non-technical people can use Linux. It is reasonable to expect that soon Linux will match or surpass the graphic userinterface sophistication of Windows. And because of the way that KDE and GNOME are being written (as open source projects using standard UNIX interfaces), both graphic shells can be (and already are being) used on just about any UNIX system, including the free BSDs. Once again, UNIX sweeps aside most proprietary operating systems. free UNIXs There are four major free, open source UNIX projects: LINUX, FreeBSD, NetBSD, and OpenBSD. The three different BSD projects started because the original design and programming teams had personality conflicts and couldn’t all work together. LINUX was started by a college student who didn’t know of the exitence of the BSD projects. The basic difference between the BSD projects and LINUX, is that each BSD project has a tightly controlled design, while LINUX is very free-form. In most cases, the four operating systems are interchangeable. The three BSDs share a great deal of source code with each other. Most software written for one of the four operating systems will run on the other three with little or no modification. One of the three BSDs is the operating system of choice where reliability is critical (because of the tightly controlled design). LINUX is the operating system of choice for hobbyists who want to experiment with and tweak their personal copy. where computers are headed “After two decades of supplying boring beige boxes, PC makers have begun to add a bit of color and style to their lines, following the runaway success of Apple’s iMac line, a candy-colored machine designed for consumers that was not simply a repackaged business box. Industrial design isn’t the only selling point. A fundamental shift in computing has occurred. For business users and consumers alike, what matters is being connected to the Web, not the raw processing power of the desktop computer. The most intriguing new technologies aren’t spreadsheets or word-processing programs, or the latest updates to Windows. Digital photography, digital music, desktop video editing, and high speed internet access are where the action is. A top-flight desktop computer or notebook is nice to have, but what makes that technology really rock is all the gear that goes with it. Computer manufacturers have altered their product lines in recognition of that trend. Apple’s top-end consumer model, the iMac DV Special Edition, comes with a stellar sound system, high-speed FireWire ports for transferring video, and the company’s iMovie software for editing movies. Sony has a similar strategy with VAIO desktop models configured for video editing that sport a huge hard drive, high-speed i.LINK [FireWire] ports, and dual CD/DVD drives. The most expensive notebook models now rival desktop machines for speed and versatility. Except for Apple’s eye-catching iBook, however, most notebooks are designed for business users.” —Fortune Technology Guidem2 Bob Canup, computer engineer, on the complexity of computer systems: “Computers are very difficult to understand well for a very simple reason: every time that you look at a computer it has changed; it can be a fax machine one moment, and a printer or a calculator the next. My estimate is that it takes most people about 20 years of experience and work with computers to really understand them. My own views and understanding of computers have changed significantly over the last 20 years. Indeed computers are the single most complex technology which [humanity] has ever created. Consider for a few moments attempting to diagram the Internet. Before you could even complete such a task the system would have changed from what it was when you started. Because they are so complex it takes about as long to really grasp computers as it does to become an adult. I have found it useful to explain computer operating systems by drawing an analogy between various operating systems and books. DOS is a primer: “See Dick run, run Dick run.” “Windows 3.1 is a Casper the Friendly Ghost comic book: “Hi, I’m Casper and I want to be your friend.” Windows 9x is a Batman the Dark Avenger comic book: More serious and meant for a more mature audience. Windows NT is the “Classics Illustrated” version of Unix. Unix is a serious piece of adult literature, a novel or a physics reference book, written by adults, for use by adults. Comic books are very important to children for a very good reason: children lack experience, and it is difficult for them to form a mental picture of what written words mean. A comic book, however, gives a child both words and pictures to go with them; giving them more understanding than the words alone could give them.” —Bob Canupe87 “An elephant is a mouse with an Operating System.” —Knuth “The human mind ordinarily operates at only ten percent of its capacity — the rest is overhead for the operating system.” —Nicholas Ambrose †UNIX used as a generic term unless specifically used as a trademark (such as in the phrase “UNIX certified”). Copyright © 2001 Milo	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line187
__label__wiki	0.78303	0.78303	Statistics (as of 2016-2017 season) HOME 16 6 6 2 16 56 51 AWAY 12 2 8 1 6 27 43 TOTALS 28 8 14 3 22 83 94 PAT JABLONSKI Originally from Toledo, Ohio, goaltender Pat Jablonski was the Blues’ seventh-round pick and [...] PATRICK TRAVERSE Traded to Montreal by Boston for Eric Weinrich, February 21, 2001. Formerly the Quebec Nordiques (1979 to 1995), the Colorado Avalanche made its NHL debut in 1995-96. In its first season in Denver, the Avalanche captured the first of two Stanley Cups. The Canadiens faced their former provincial rivals for the first time on November 25, 1995 in a meeting at the Forum, a game that would end in a 2-2 tie. Montreal and Colorado, who won the Stanley Cup in 1996 and 2001, have never met in the playoffs. Other opponents Defunct opponents	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line188
__label__cc	0.623166	0.376834	About Us - Our History Proven Partners Since 1956 over 60 years of growth in service and excellence In 1956 Merle Derochie and Jim Park started up a commercial painting firm in Calgary; shortly thereafter Merle recognized the opportunities in Industrial Field Coatings which soon became Park Derochie’s primary focus. In 1973, Park Derochie added Industrial Fireproofing to their services and became a name the industry looked to for their coatings and fireproofing requirements. Under Merle’s stewardship and with the addition of Jeff Granberg in 1997 and Mark Walker in 1999 Park Derochie expanded into metalizing, shop coatings, as well as stick-built shop fireproofing, and with the addition of our shop/office facilities in Ft. McMurray, Saskatchewan, and B.C., Park Derochie has grown to be the largest shop / field coatings and fireproofing company in Canada. Driven by fulfilling client needs Park Derochie expanded into Mechanical Insulation in 2005 and Scaffolding & Containment in 2010. Recent expansion includes PD Management & Services Inc. and PD Properties & Rentals Inc., which has the largest inventory of field equipment in the industry (approximately 2 to 3 times the amount of its nearest competitor). It’s a classic business success story. Organic growth, built on a reputation of honesty and integrity; growing at a sensible and sustainable pace, spotting opportunities along the way and driven by fulfilling client needs. Park Derochie has been recognized by the Journal of Protective Coatings and Linings (JPCL) as one of the Top 10 Contractors; ranked No. 4 in North America, and No.1 in Canada. Park Derochie is committed to meeting the ever-changing needs of the end user. To this end, the company employs a full-time IT staff of six and strives to lead the industry in all levels of reporting and documentation by devoting considerable time and resources to developing unique and sophisticated systems. While most companies work with purchased software packages that have limitations, Park Derochie’s software development team has the ability to customize its proprietary software to meet the reporting requirements of the client. One such development is a ‘Time & Billing’ system that provides clients with daily Labour, Equipment & Material (LEM) reports. An extended version of the LEM’s can be simultaneously emailed to the client to provide running cost values as often as the client wishes. Another is a sophisticated piece-tracking database which was the first of its kind in the industry, it facilitates tracking and coordination of individual piece marks using barcodes and scanners, and enables clients to conduct status and shipping inquiries with a web-based interface. As these features developed, so did the company’s internal culture which grew on close attention to safety, quality control (QC) and award winning community involvement. Park Derochie has developed a strong reputation for safety with the highest rated safety program for coatings contractors. We are proud to be industry leaders and our safety record confirms this. Our WCB experience ratio is consistently lower than the industry average and we continue to be the recipient of numerous Client / Industry recognition awards. Providing uncompromising, quality workmanship to our clients is a strong component within our core principles of business ethics. Park Derochie adheres to the stringent standards set out by The Society of Protective Coatings (SSPC). Park Derochie is SSPC Certified for QP1, QP2, QP3 and QP6, and is currently the only Canadian company to hold this combination of certifications. Guided by SSPC and ISO 9001-2000, our Quality Management System is designed to meet the specific requirements of the client. It has always been a strong belief that investing in our community is as important as investing (and indeed is another way to invest) in the people within the company. Park Derochie contributes regularly to numerous sectors including school programs, youth sports, health foundations, charities and community programs. These have recently included $50,000 to the Saskatoon Children’s Hospital and $24,000 to The Brick Sports Central. We firmly believe that supporting Health, Wellness and Education builds stronger, healthier individuals who in turn ‘pay it forward’, creating stronger communities. Park Derochie was built on the principles of strong work ethic, commitment to customer satisfaction, developing a skilled, dedicated workforce and a belief that Loyalty begets Loyalty. Those principles hold true today and will continue to build and lead the company forward. Original Logo Pre-50th 50th Anniversary Logo Current Logo	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line197
__label__wiki	0.994279	0.994279	A254606 The minimum absolute difference between kp1 and p2 (p1<p2), where p1p2 is the n-th term of A087112. 3 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 2, 0, 1, 1, 1, 3, 0, 1, 1, 2, 1, 2, 0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 4, 0, 1, 1, 1, 2, 3, 6, 2, 0, 1, 1, 2, 2, 1, 3, 6, 4, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 4, 3, 5, 9, 6, 0, 1, 1, 1, 3, 2, 5, 3, 7, 8, 2, 0, 1, 1, 2, 2, 4, 2, 3, 1, 9, 8, 6, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 3, 2, 7, 3, 5 (list; graph; refs; listen; history; text; internal format) k is an integer that minimizes \|kp1-p2\|. It is trivial that if j is the integer part of p2/p1, k is either j or j+1. Lei Zhou, Table of n, a(n) for n = 1..10000 A087112(1)=4=22, 2-2=0, so a(1)=0; A087112(2)=6=23, 3-2=22-3=1, so a(2)=1; A087112(9)=35=57, 7-5=2, and 25-7=3, the smaller is 2. So a(9)=2. NumDiff[n1_, n2_] := Module[{c1 = n1, c2 = n2}, If[c1 < c2, c1 = c1 + c2; c2 = c1 - c2; c1 = c1 - c2]; k = Floor[c1/c2]; a1 = c1 - k*c2; If[a1 == 0, a2 = 0, a2 = (k + 1) c2 - c1]; Return[Min[a1, a2]]]; p1 = 2; p2 = 1; Table[p2 = NextPrime[p2]; If[p2 > p1, p1 = p2; p2 = 2]; NumDiff[p1, p2], {n, 1, 100}] Cf. A087112, A254605. nonn,easy Lei Zhou, Feb 02 2015	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line204
__label__cc	0.643717	0.356283	NEW FLEXIBILITY IN CALCULATING GAIN FROM BOOT IN REORGANIZATIONS The Internal Revenue Code attempts to be tax-neutral in regard to corporate reorganizations. One aspect of this tax neutrality is that generally no gain or loss is recognized by a shareholder who is a party to a tax-free reorganization. For example, a shareholder of an acquired corporation can receives shares of stock in the acquiring corporation and not recognize any gain on the transaction. This nonrecognition arises under Section 354 and applies only if the reorganization involves an exchange solely for stocks and securities of a corporation that is also a party to the exchange. If the taxpayer received other property ("boot"), under Section 356 gain recognition results to the extent of boot received. No loss recognition is allowed. A taxpayer who receives boot may have a different adjusted basis (that is, investment in the stock against which the amount of gain or loss is calculated) in the various shares he exchanges in the reorganization, and indeed may be giving up shares of different classes of stock. When boot is received, to which shares should the boot be allocated? This allocation determines how much gain arises if there is a different adjusted basis in different exchanged shares, and whether gain is long term or short term gain if there are different holding periods for the shares exchanged. The courts have adopted the average-cost method to make the allocation, which is a pro rata allocation of the surrendered stock's bases to each block of stock received. Earlier this year, new Treas.Regs. Section 1.356-1 provides useful flexibility to taxpayers. It adopts a tracing method. More particularly, in computing the gain, if any, recognized on an exchange, to the extent the terms of the exchange (1) specify (or trace) the other property or money that is received in exchange for a particular share of stock or security surrendered, and (2) are "economically reasonable," those terms control and the average-cost method need not apply. Posted by Charles (Chuck) Rubin at 2:43 PM No comments: NEW REPORTING ON CHARITABLE LIFE INSURANCE ARRANGEMENTS Charitable organizations need to be aware of a new reporting requirement that came into effect under the Pension Protection Act of 2006. Under the Act, if an organization, gifts to which are eligible for a charitable deduction (for estate, income, or gift purposes), acquires an interest in certain life insurance contracts, such interest must be disclosed to the IRS. See Code Section 6050V. This disclosure requirement is only for a two year period. It is clear that the IRS is concerned about charitable organizations lending their "insurable interest" in a life insurance policy to third parties. More particularly, there are various programs whereby a charitable organization acquires an ownership interest in a donor. The funds for the policy are generally lent to the charitable organization by a third party. When the donor dies, the charity gets the insurance proceeds, less its repayment of the loan to the third party lender. If the third party lender had instead taken out the policy, it probably would not be enforceable, due to insurance law requirements that a beneficiary have an "insurable interest" in the insured. Generally, an "insurable interest" is an economic interest in the person whose life is insured, or a family relationship. Many states extend the "insurable interest" to include charities who own a policy on a donor’s life. Thus, the third party lender gains an indirect benefit from the policy due to the charitable nature of the beneficiary. While the new provision does not prohibit or tax such arrangements, the IRS is gathering information and may seek further legislative reform down the line. In the meanwhile, the reporting itself may serve to dissuade charitable organizations from entering into these types of transactions. APPRAISERS MORE AT RISK Appraisers perform important functions for taxpayers, since many tax consequences relate to value of property. For example, a charitable contribution of property is based on the value of the property, and of course transfers of property for estate and gift tax purposes are taxable based on value. When an appraisal is way off base, the taxpayers can be subject to substantial penalties. Under Code Section 6701(a), the appraiser himself or herself may also be subject to a $1,000 penalty, or $10,000 if a corporate tax return is involved, if it can be shown that the appraiser knew the report was false and would be used to reduce tax of another. In addition to a the monetary penalty, after notice and opportunity for a hearing to any appraiser for whom a penalty had been assessed under Code Sec. 6701(a) the IRS could, under 31 USCS 330(c) : (a) bar the appraiser from presenting evidence or testimony in any administrative proceeding before IRS or the Treasury, and (b) provide that his or her appraisals wouldn't have any probative effect in any such proceeding. The penalty stakes have now been increased for appraisers. New Code Section 6695A, enacted under the Pension Protection Act of 2006, imposes a new penalty on an appraiser if he or she knows, or reasonably should have known, that the appraisal would be used in connection with a return or a refund claim, and the claimed property value on the return or refund claim that is based on the appraisal results in a substantial valuation misstatement under Code Sec. 6662(e) or a gross valuation misstatement under Code Sec. 6662(h) for the property. Code Sections 6662(e) and 6662(h) relate to various valuation misstatements in regard to various income, pension, and estate and gift taxes. No penalty, however, will be imposed if the appraiser satisfies the IRS that the value established in the appraisal was more likely than not the proper value. The penalty imposed is lesser of: (1) the greater of: (a) 10% of the tax underpayment arising from the valuation misstatement described in (B) above, or (b) $1,000, or (2) 125% of the appraiser’s gross income for preparing the appraisal. Therefore, the appraiser can be penalized up to 125% of his or her appraisal fee. The 2006 Pension Act also removes the requirement that IRS must assess a penalty under Code Sec. 6701(a) (aiding and abetting understatements) before it can bar an appraiser from presenting evidence or testimony in any administrative proceeding before IRS or the Treasury and provide that his appraisals won't have any probative effect in any such proceeding. 2006 Pension Act §1219(d). APPLICABLE FEDERAL RATES - OCTOBER 2006 October 2006 Applicable Federal Rates Summary: -Short Term AFR - Semi-annual Compounding - 4.94% (5.07%/September -- 5.19%/August -- 4.99%/July) -Mid Term AFR - Semi-annual Compounding - 4.76% (4.95%/September -- 5.14%/August -- 4.99%/July) -Long Term AFR - Semi-annual Compounding - 4.96% (5.14%/September -- 5.29%/August -- 5.22%/July) DIRECTION OF RATES: Down 2007 FEDERAL TAX INFLATION ADJUSTMENTS RIA, a publisher of tax guides and research, has calculated 2007 adjustments to various Federal tax numbers that are calculated each year based on the prior year rate of inflation. These calculations are not the final IRS figures, but are typically an accurate projection of the final adjustments. Below are some of the more important inflation adjustment figures - remember, these apply in 2007, not 2006. GIFT TAX ANNUAL EXCLUSION. The gift tax annual exclusion will be $12,000 (same as for gifts made in 2006). ESTATE TAX SPECIAL USE VALUATION REDUCTION LIMIT. The limit on the decrease in value that can result from the use of special valuation will increase to $940,000, up from $900,000 in 2006. PORTION OF ESTATE QUALIFYING FOR 2% INTEREST RATE ON DEFERRED ESTATE TAX. In determining the part of the estate tax that is deferred on a farm or closely-held business that is subject to interest at a rate of 2% a year, for decedents dying in 2007 the tentative tax will be computed on $1,250,000 (up from $1,200,000 in 2006) plus the applicable exclusion amount ($2 million for 2007, same as in 2006). INCREASED ANNUAL EXCLUSION FOR GIFTS TO NONCITIZEN SPOUSES. The annual exclusion for gifts to noncitizen spouses will be $125,000 (up from $120,000 in 2006). THRESHOLD FOR FOREIGN GIFTS THAT TRIGGERS REPORTING. If the value of the aggregate "foreign gifts" received by a U.S. person (other than an exempt Code Sec. 501(c) organization) exceeds a threshold amount, the U.S. person must report each "foreign gift" to IRS. ( Code Sec. 6039F(a) ) Different reporting thresholds apply for gifts received from (a) nonresident alien individuals or foreign estates, and (b) foreign partnerships or foreign corporations. For gifts from a nonresident alien individual or foreign estate, reporting is required only if the aggregate amount of gifts from that person exceeds $100,000 during the tax year. For gifts from foreign corporations and foreign partnerships, the reporting threshold amount will be $13,258 in 2007 (up from $12,760 in 2006). TAX AVOIDANCE MOTIVE - EXPATRIATION. A tax avoidance motive is generally presumed for an expatriate whose average annual net income tax liability for the 5 tax years ending before the date of loss of citizenship or residency exceeds $136,000 in 2007 (up from $131,000 in 2006) or whose net worth on that date exceeds $2 million (not indexed for inflation). FOREIGN EARNED INCOME EXCLUSION. The foreign earned income exclusion amount increases to $85,700 in 2007 (up from $82,400 in 2006). INTEREST RATES FOR TAX OVERPAYMENTS AND UNDERPAYMENTS The IRS has announced the interest rates for tax overpayments and underpayments for the calendar quarter beginning October 1, 2006. For noncorporate taxpayers, the rate for both underpayments and overpayments will be 8% (no change from before). For corporations, the overpayment rate will be 7% (no change from before). Corporations will receive 5.5% (no change from before) for overpayments exceeding $10,000. The underpayment rate for corporations will be 8% (no change from before), but will be 10% (no change from before) for large corporate underpayments. DIRECT TRANSFER OF IRA ASSETS TO CHARITY The following is a summary analysis of the Pension Protection Act of 2006 relating to direct transfer of IRA assets to charity. The outline comes from a presentation given earlier this week. For those few of you that may have attended the presentation, you have already seen this! 1. THE PROBLEM ----a. If an amount withdrawn from a traditional individual retirement arrangement ("IRA") or a Roth IRA is donated to a charitable organization, the rules relating to the tax treatment of withdrawals from IRAs apply to the amount withdrawn and the charitable contribution is subject to the normally applicable limitations on deductibility of such contributions. --------i. A taxpayer who takes the standard deduction (i.e., who does not itemize deductions) may not take a separate deduction for charitable contributions. --------ii. Under present law, total deductible contributions of an individual taxpayer to public charities, private operating foundations, and certain types of private nonoperating foundations may not exceed 50 percent of the taxpayer's contribution base, which is the taxpayer's adjusted gross income for a taxable year (disregarding any net operating loss carryback). --------iii. Contributions of cash to private foundations and certain other charitable organizations generally may be deducted up to 30 percent of the taxpayer's contribution base. --------iv. Present law imposes a reduction on most itemized deductions, including charitable contribution deductions, for taxpayers with adjusted gross income in excess of a threshold amount, which is indexed annually for inflation. The threshold amount for 2006 is $150,500 ($75,250 for married individuals filing separate returns). For those deductions that are subject to the limit, the total amount of itemized deductions is reduced by three percent of adjusted gross income over the threshold amount, but not by more than 80 percent of itemized deductions subject to the limit. ------------(1) Although through 2009 the limit is reduced. ----b. Thus, if a taxpayer withdrew funds from an IRA and gave them to charity, he or she would likely have income equal to the withdrawal, but the offsetting charitable deduction could be limited or nonexistent, thus giving rise to income tax. 2. THE NEW PROVISION ----a. The provision provides an exclusion from gross income for otherwise taxable IRA distributions from a traditional or a Roth IRA in the case of qualified charitable distributions. ----b. Qualified charitable distributions are taken into account for purposes of the minimum distribution rules applicable to traditional IRAs to the same extent the distribution would have been taken into account under such rules had the distribution not been directly distributed under the provision. --------i. An IRA owner who makes an IRA qualified charitable distribution in an amount equal to his RMD for that tax year is considered to have satisfied his Code Sec. 408(a)(6) minimum distribution requirement for that year, even though a charitable entity (and not the IRA owner) is the recipient of the distribution. ----a. Applies for distributions made after December 31, 2005 and before January 1, 2008. ----b. The exclusion may not exceed $100,000 per taxpayer per taxable year. ----c. Transfer must be made on or after the date on which the individual for whose benefit the IRA is maintained has attained age 70-1/2 . ----d. The provision does not apply to distributions from employer-sponsored retirements plans, including SIMPLE IRAs and simplified employee pensions ("SEPs"). ----e. Transfer must be direct from the IRA trustee to the charity. --------i. A distribution made to an individual, and then rolled over to a charitable organization, would not be excludible from gross income. ----f. Charitable recipient cannot be a supporting organization described in section 509(a)(3) or a donor advised fund (as defined in section 4966(d)(2), nor a nonoperating private foundation. ----g. Applies only if a charitable contribution deduction for the entire distribution otherwise would be allowable (under present law), determined without regard to the generally applicable percentage limitations. --------i. Thus, for example, if the deductible amount is reduced because of a benefit received in exchange, or if a deduction is not allowable because the donor did not obtain sufficient substantiation, the exclusion is not available with respect to any part of the IRA distribution. --------ii. If the IRA owner has any IRA that includes nondeductible contributions, a special rule applies in determining the portion of a distribution that is includible in gross income (but for the provision) and thus is eligible for qualified charitable distribution treatment. ----h. No charitable deduction allowed to taxpayer for the transferred amount. 4. MISC. ----a. An individual's tax-free IRA donations may consist of one or more distributions, from one or more IRAs, donated to one or more charitable organizations, as long as the aggregate amount does not exceed $100,000 in a year. ----b. There is no carryover of unused $100,000 amounts - use it or lose it. ----c. There is nothing under the IRA charitable rollover provision that requires an IRA trustee to make distributions to charity at the direction of the account owner, or to ensure that the distributions qualify as "qualified charitable distributions." Posted by Charles (Chuck) Rubin at 10:00 AM 1 comment: RECENT LEGISLATIVE CHANGES TO FLORIDA'S LAND TRUST STATUTE Florida allows for real property to be held in a special type of trust known as a "land trust." Land trusts allow for confidentiality of ownership, and can facilitate transfers of ownership of partial or complete interests in land. In the recently completed legislative session, Florida revised its land trust statute. Some of the more significant statutory modifications include: -Clarication that a trustee can be a beneficiary. -Clarificatopm that a beneficiary of a land trust is not liable for the debts, obligations, or liabilities of the land trust. -The perfection of a security interest in a beneficial interest in a land trust does not impair or diminish the authority of the trustee under the recorded instrument. -Subsequently recorded public documents relating to the transfer or encumbrance of a beneficial interest do not diminish or impair the authority of the trustee under the previously recorded instrument. -A trust relating to real estate will not fail because beneficiaries are not specified by name in the recorded deed of conveyance or because duties are not imposed upon the trustee. -Homestead tax exemption is available to property held in a land trust if the beneficiary and property otherwise qualifies for it. -Provisions are made for recording public record documents relating to succession of trustees. SECTION 83(b) ELECTION RISK FOR PARTNERSHIP INTERESTS A recent article notes a risk for a Code Section 83(b) election for partnership interests received for services. Persons performing services for a partnership (or LLC taxable as a partnership) often receive an interest in the partnership as incentive compensation. When issued, the person performing the service may be obligated to provide continued services for the partnership - otherwise the partnership may be able to take back the partnership interest. Section 83 of the Internal Revenue Code indicates that the service partner need not recognize compensation income when the partnership interest is issued, due to it being subject to a "substantial risk of forfeiture" (provided it is also not transferable free of the risk of forfeiture). Instead, the service provider can defer income taxes for the receipt of the interest until the risk of forfeiture lapses or terminates. There is a risk that the value of the partnership interest may increase signficantly between its issuance and when the substantial risk of forfeiture may lapse (and thus increase the compensation income to the service partner). To avoid the risk of such increased taxation, the service partner can make an election to be taxed on the receipt of the interest when it is received (at the value at the time of issuance) under Code Section 83(b). The tax risk of such an election relates to what occurs if the service partner has to surrender the interest due to not continuing to provide services. Per Treas.Regs. Section 1.83-2(a), at the time of a forfeiture of the interest the service provider can recognize a loss (presumably a capital loss) to the extent of what the service partner paid for the interest over what the service partner is paid for the interest upon the forfeiture (if anything). The problem with this rule is the service provider gets no credit/loss for the ordinary income incurred by the service provider at the time of the Section 83(b) election. Further, it does not allow for any adjusted basis (and thus loss) relating to any increase in tax basis in the forfeited partnership interest that arose while the partnership interest was owned by the service partner due to being allocated his or her share of partnership income from the partnership under the partnership tax rules. Example: A taxpayer receives a partnership interest that is subject to being forfeited if he does not work for the partnership for 5 years. The taxpayer elects to be taxed upon receipt of the partnership interest at a time that the interest is worth $50,000 - largely because he believes the partnership interest could be worth at least $200,000 in 5 years when he would otherwise be taxed for the receipt. In year 3, the taxpayer ceases to work for the partnership and has to return his partneship interest. In years 1-3, the taxpayer was allocated $30,000 of partnership income on his partnership interest, all of which he included in income. No partnership distributions were made to him during the term. According to the regulation, at the time of the forfeiture, the taxpayer has no loss from the forfeiture, since he paid nothing for his interest. He does not get a loss for the $50,000 in compensation income he received, nor does he get a loss for the $30,000 in partnership income that was allocated to him during the term. This risk of not being able to get a loss for income so earned needs to be considered in making a determination whether to make a Section 83(b) election. Source: Article by Richard Harris in March/April 2005 issue of Business Entities. Posted by Charles (Chuck) Rubin at 3:33 PM 1 comment: TRUST CONSIDERED TO BE A GRANTOR TRUST BASED SOLELY ON POWER TO PAY INSURANCE PREMIUMS ON LIFE OF GRANTOR A grantor trust is a trust whose income is generally taxable to the grantor/settlor by reason of specific Internal Revenue Code provisions that mandate such treatment. In contrast, a nongrantor trust is a separate taxpayer whose income is generally taxable either to the trust itself and/or its beneficiaries and not the grantor. Code Section 677(a)(3) is one of those provisions that gives rise to grantor trust status. It provides that a trust will be a grantor trust if its income, without the approval or consent of any adverse party is, or, in the discretion of the grantor or a nonadverse party, or both, may be applied to the payment of premiums on policies of insurance on the life of the grantor or the grantor's spouse. There is case law to the effect that where no insurance policy is owned by the trust, the mere power to purchase a policy and pay premiums is not enough to create grantor trust status. Thus, there is uncertainty as to when and how these provisions apply. Do they if the trust does not own an insurance policy? Do they apply only to the extent that trust income is applied to premium payments? There is conflicting authority on these questions. A recent IRS field advice (LAFA 20062701F) muddies the water further. In the advice, a trust explicitly allowed the use of trust funds to purchase life insurance on the life of the grantor. The trust funds were used to pay premiums on life insurance on the life of the grantor, but the trust was not the owner of the policy. The advice concludes that a grantor trust existed - it was enough that the trust was authorized to pay the premiums - it did not have to own a life insurance policy to give rise to grantor trust status. INTERNAL REVENUE CODE PROVISION FOUND UNCONSTITUTIONAL While taxpayers may often assert constitutional arguments against the enforcement of the Internal Revenue Code, the actual finding of a provision to be unconstitutional is an extremely rare event. Subject to possible review by the U.S. Supreme Court, the U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia circuit did just that in the recent case of Murphy v. United States, No. 05-5139. For the nonlawyers, a little constitutional background is helpful. Until the 16th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution was enacted, an income tax was not allowed. The 16h Amendment allows a tax on income, and Section 61 of the Internal Revenue Code imposes such a tax on "gross income." The U.S. Supreme Court in Helvering v. Clifford has found these provisions coextensive. It has further found that "income" means "gain derived from capital, from labor, or from both combined" (Eisner v. Macomber), and further includes all "accessions to wealth" (Commissioner v. Glenshaw Glass). The issue in the instant case was whether a damage award for mental distress is "income" when not arising from a physical injury or physical sickness. Section 104(a) of the Code provides that gross income does NOT include the amount of damages (other than punitive damages) received on account of physical injury or physical sickness. In 1996, Congress amended the Section to further provide that "emotional distress shall not be treated as a physical injury or physical sickness" - so that mere emotional distress would not fall within the Section 104(a) exclusion from gross income. The taxpayer challenged the 1996 amendment, claiming that the new provision is unconstitutional since by treating emotional distress damages as income, Congress is including as income something that is not income under the 16th Amendment authorizing a tax on income. The Circuit Court noted that Congress does not have the power to declare any economic benefit as income, but is bound by what was intended to be included as income under the 16th Amendment. After reviewing interpretations of the term "income" from around the time of the enactment of the 16th Amendment in 1913, and that damages for emotional distress are similar to physical damages in that they are a return of damaged "human capital" and not an asccession to wealth, the Circuit Court held that Section 104(a) is unconstitutional to the extent "it permits the taxation of an award of damages for mental distress and loss of reputation." This finding has far reaching consequences in the area of employment law, where damages often relate to mental distress without any physical sickness or illness. Posted by Charles (Chuck) Rubin at 12:44 PM No comments: NEW FLEXIBILITY IN CALCULATING GAIN FROM BOOT IN R... NEW REPORTING ON CHARITABLE LIFE INSURANCE ARRANGE... INTEREST RATES FOR TAX OVERPAYMENTS AND UNDERPAYME... RECENT LEGISLATIVE CHANGES TO FLORIDA'S LAND TRUST... SECTION 83(b) ELECTION RISK FOR PARTNERSHIP INTERE... TRUST CONSIDERED TO BE A GRANTOR TRUST BASED SOLEL... INTERNAL REVENUE CODE PROVISION FOUND UNCONSTITUTI...	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line213
__label__wiki	0.716678	0.716678	ArgentinaUnited StatesColombiaChileSpainMexicoBrazilPeruUruguayVenezuelaEcuadorParaguayItalyUnited KingdomRussiaCanadaGermanyIndonesiaAlgeriaBoliviaPortugalFranceEgyptCosta RicaGuatemalaPanamaMoroccoSerbiaPolandEl SalvadorGreeceVietnamSouth KoreaIrelandHondurasTurkeyDominican RepublicJapanSlovakiaNetherlandsNicaraguaMalaysiaThailandCzechiaUkraineChinaBelgiumCroatiaHungaryRomaniaTunisiaBulgariaIsraelAustraliaIndiaSwedenAlbaniaSwitzerlandHong KongIcelandSyriaNorth MacedoniaPuerto RicoBosnia and HerzegovinaSaudi ArabiaJordanBelarusKuwaitSouth AfricaSloveniaTaiwanNew ZealandMontenegroLithuaniaNorwayPhilippinesFinlandPakistanMartiniqueUgandaUnited Arab EmiratesIraqLebanonAustriaSingaporeCyprusLuxembourgAndorraGhanaDenmarkArmeniaZambiaAzerbaijanReunionAngolaAfghanistanLibyaCote d'IvoireThe BahamasArubaCubaSan MarinoCayman IslandsQatarBangladeshIran Australia Population: 23,470,145 Prehistoric settlers arrived on the continent from Southeast Asia at least 40,000 years before the first Europeans began exploration in the 17th century. No formal territorial claims were made until 1770, when Capt. James COOK took possession of the east coast in the name of Great Britain (all of Australia was claimed as British territory in 1829 with the creation of the colony of Western Australia). Six colonies were created in the late 18th and 19th centuries; they federated and became the Commonwealth of Australia in 1901. The new country took advantage of its natural resources to rapidly develop agricultural and manufacturing industries and to make a major contribution to the Allied effort in World Wars I and II. In recent decades, Australia has become an internationally competitive, advanced market economy due in large part to economic reforms adopted in the 1980s and its location in one of the fastest growing regions of the world economy. Long-term concerns include an aging population, pressure on infrastructure, and environmental issues such as floods, droughts, and bushfires. Australia is the driest inhabited continent on earth, making it particularly vulnerable to the challenges of climate change. Australia is home to 10% of the world's biodiversity, and a great number of its flora and fauna exist nowhere else in the world. World's smallest continent but sixth-largest country; the largest country in Oceania, the largest country entirely in the Southern Hemisphere, and the largest country without land borders; the only continent without glaciers; the invigorating sea breeze known as the "Fremantle Doctor" affects the city of Perth on the west coast and is one of the most consistent winds in the world the Great Dividing Range that runs along eastern Australia is that continent’s longest mountain range and the third-longest land-based range in the world; the term "Great Dividing Range" refers to the fact that the mountains form a watershed crest from which all of the rivers of eastern Australia flow – east, west, north, and south Location: Oceania, continent between the Indian Ocean and the South Pacific Ocean Geographic coordinates: 27 00 S, 133 00 E Area: total: 7,741,220 sq km land: 7,682,300 sq km water: 58,920 sq km note: includes Lord Howe Island and Macquarie Island Size comparison: slightly smaller than the US contiguous 48 states Coastline: 25,760 km continental shelf: 200 nm or to the edge of the continental margin Climate: generally arid to semiarid; temperate in south and east; tropical in north Terrain: mostly low plateau with deserts; fertile plain in southeast Natural resources: alumina, coal, iron ore, copper, tin, gold, silver, uranium, nickel, tungsten, rare earth elements, mineral sands, lead, zinc, diamonds, natural gas, petroleum; note - Australia is the world's largest net exporter of coal accounting for 29% of global coal exports permanent crops: 0.09% (2016 est.) permanent pasture: 88.4% (2016 est.) forest: 16.2% (2016 est.) Irrigated land: 25,460 sq km (2014) Natural hazards: cyclones along the coast; severe droughts; forest fires volcanism: volcanic activity on Heard and McDonald Islands Current Environment Issues: soil erosion from overgrazing, deforestation, industrial development, urbanization, and poor farming practices; limited natural freshwater resources; soil salinity rising due to the use of poor quality water; drought, desertification; clearing for agricultural purposes threatens the natural habitat of many unique animal and plant species; disruption of the fragile ecosystem has resulted in significant floral extinctions; the Great Barrier Reef off the northeast coast, the largest coral reef in the world, is threatened by increased shipping and its popularity as a tourist site; overfishing, pollution, and invasive species are also problems International Environment Agreements: party to: Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic-Marine Living Resources, Antarctic Seals, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands, Whaling Nationality: noun: Australian(s) adjective: Australian Ethnic groups: English 25.9%, Australian 25.4%, Irish 7.5%, Scottish 6.4%, Italian 3.3%, German 3.2%, Chinese 3.1%, Indian 1.4%, Greek 1.4%, Dutch 1.2%, other 15.8% (includes Australian aboriginal .5%), unspecified 5.4% (2011 est.) note: data represent self-identified ancestry, over a third of respondents reported two ancestries Languages: English 72.7%, Mandarin 2.5%, Arabic 1.4%, Cantonese 1.2%, Vietnamese 1.2%, Italian 1.2%, Greek 1%, other 14.8%, unspecified 6.5% (2016 est.) note: data represent language spoken at home Religions: Protestant 23.1% (Anglican 13.3%, Uniting Church 3.7%, Presbyterian and Reformed 2.3%, Baptist 1.5%, Pentecostal 1.1%, Lutheran .7%, other Protestant .5%), Roman Catholic 22.6%, other Christian 4.2%, Muslim 2.6%, Buddhist 2.4%, Orthodox 2.3% (Eastern Orthodox 2.1%, Oriental Orthodox .2%), Hindu 1.9%, other 1.3%, none 30.1%, unspecified 9.6% (2016 est.) 65 years and over: 16.44% (male 1,786,595 /female 2,071,701) (2018 est.) Birth rate: 12 births/1,000 population (2018 est.) Urbanization: urban population: 86% of total population (2018) rate of urbanization: 1.43% annual rate of change (2015-20 est.) note: data include Christmas Island, Cocos Islands, and Norfolk Island Major urban areas - population: 4.792 million Sydney 4.771 million Melbourne 2.338 million Brisbane 1.991 million Perth 1.32 million Adelaide 423,000 CANBERRA (capital) (2018) female: 85 years (2018 est.) Contraceptive prevalence rate: 66.9% (2015/16) note: percent of women aged 18-45 HIV/AIDS - deaths: <200 (2017 est.) Obesity - adult prevalence rate: 29% (2016) Unemployment, youth ages 15-24: total: 12.6% male: 13.6% female: 11.5% (2017 est.) Country name: conventional long form: Commonwealth of Australia conventional short form: Australia etymology: the name Australia derives from the Latin "australis" meaning "southern"; the Australian landmass was long referred to as "Terra Australis" or the Southern Land Government type: parliamentary democracy (Federal Parliament) under a constitutional monarchy; a Commonwealth realm Capital: name: Canberra time difference: UTC+10 (15 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time) daylight saving time: +1hr, begins first Sunday in October; ends first Sunday in April etymolgy: the name is claimed to derive from either Kambera or Camberry, which are names corrupted from the original native designation for the area "Nganbra" or "Nganbira" note: Australia has four time zones, including Lord Howe Island (UTC+10:30) Administrative divisions: 6 states and 2 territories; Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, Northern Territory*, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia Dependent areas: Ashmore and Cartier Islands, Christmas Island, Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Coral Sea Islands, Heard Island and McDonald Islands, Norfolk Island Independence: 1 January 1901 (from the federation of UK colonies) National holiday: Australia Day (commemorates the arrival of the First Fleet of Australian settlers), 26 January (1788); ANZAC Day (commemorates the anniversary of the landing of troops of the Australian and New Zealand Army Corps during World War I at Gallipoli, Turkey), 25 April (1915) Constitution: history: approved in a series of referenda 1898 through 1900, became law 9 July 1900, effective 1 January 1901 amendments: proposed by Parliament; passage requires approval of a referendum bill by absolute majority vote in both houses of Parliament, approval in a referendum by a majority of voters in at least four states and in the territories, and Royal Assent; proposals that would reduce a state’s representation in either house or change a state’s boundaries require that state’s approval prior to Royal Assent; amended several times, last in 1977 (2017) Legal system: common law system based on the English model Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal and compulsory Executive branch: chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor General David HURLEY (since 1 July 2019) head of government: Prime Minister Scott MORRISON (since 24 August 2018) cabinet: Cabinet nominated by the prime minister from among members of Parliament and sworn in by the governor general elections/appointments: the monarchy is hereditary; governor general appointed by the monarch on the recommendation of the prime minister; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition is sworn in as prime minister by the governor general Legislative branch: description: bicameral Federal Parliament consists of: Senate (76 seats; 12 members from each of the 6 states and 2 each from the 2 mainland territories; members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by proportional representation vote; members serve 6-year terms with one-half of state membership renewed every 3 years and territory membership renewed every 3 years) House of Representatives (151 seats; members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by majority preferential vote; members serve terms of up to 3 years) elections: Senate - last held on 18 May 2019 (next to be held in 2022) House of Representatives - last held on 18 May 2019 (next to be held in 2022) election results: Senate - percent of vote by party - Liberal/National coalition 37.99%, ALP 28.79%, The Greens 10.19%, One Nation 5.4%, Centre Alliance .19%, Lambie Network .21%, other 17.23%; seats by party - Liberal/National coalition 35, ALP 26, The Greens 9, One Nation 2, Centre Alliance 2, Lambie Network 1, independents 1 House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - Liberal/National coalition 41.4%, ALP 33.3%, The Greens 10.4%, Katter's Australian Party .49%, Centre Alliance .33%, independents 3.37%, other 10.63%; seats by party - Liberal/National Coalition 77, ALP 68, The Greens 1, Katter's Australian Party 1, Centre Alliance 1, independent 3 Judicial branch: highest courts: High Court of Australia (consists of 7 justices, including the chief justice); note - each of the 6 states, 2 territories, and Norfolk Island has a Supreme Court; the High Court is the final appellate court beyond the state and territory supreme courts judge selection and term of office: justices appointed by the governor-general in council for life with mandatory retirement at age 70 subordinate courts: subordinate courts: subordinate courts at the federal level: Federal Court; Federal Magistrates' Courts of Australia; Family Court; subordinate courts at the state and territory level: Local Court - New South Wales; Magistrates' Courts – Victoria, Queensland, South Australia, Western Australia, Tasmania, Northern Territory, Australian Capital Territory; District Courts – New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Western Australia; County Court – Victoria; Family Court – Western Australia; Court of Petty Sessions – Norfolk Island Political parties and leaders: Australian Greens Party [Richard DI NATALE] Australian Labor Party or ALP [Anthony ALBANESE] Country Liberal Party or CLP [Gary HIGGINS] Liberal National Party of Queensland or LNP [Deborah FRECKLINGTON] Liberal Party of Australia [Scott MORRISON] The Nationals [Michael MCCORMACK] Centre Alliance [Nick XENOPHON] Pauline Hanson’s One Nation [Pauline HANSON] International organization participation: ADB, ANZUS, APEC, ARF, ASEAN (dialogue partner), Australia Group, BIS, C, CD, CP, EAS, EBRD, EITI (implementing country), FAO, FATF, G-20, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, NEA, NSG, OECD, OPCW, OSCE (partner), Pacific Alliance (observer), Paris Club, PCA, PIF, SAARC (observer), SICA (observer), Sparteca, SPC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNMISS, UNMIT, UNRWA, UNTSO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC National symbol(s): Commonwealth Star (seven-pointed Star of Federation), golden wattle tree (Acacia pycnantha Benth), kangaroo, emu; national colors: green, gold National anthem: name: Advance Australia Fair lyrics/music: Peter Dodds McCORMICK note: adopted 1984; although originally written in the late 19th century, the anthem was not used for all official occasions until 1984; as a Commonwealth country, in addition to the national anthem, "God Save the Queen" serves as the royal anthem (see United Kingdom) Diplomatic representation in the US: chief of mission: Ambassador Joseph Benedict HOCKEY (since 28 January 2016) chancery: 1601 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20036 consulate(s) general: Atlanta, Chicago, Honolulu, Houston, Los Angeles, New York, San Francisco Diplomatic representation from the US: chief of mission: Ambassador Arthur B. CULVAHOUSE (since 19 February 2019) embassy: Moonah Place, Yarralumla, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2600 mailing address: APO AP 96549 telephone: [61] (02) 6214-5600 FAX: [61] (02) 6214-5970 consulate(s) general: Melbourne, Perth, Sydney Australia is an open market with minimal restrictions on imports of goods and services. The process of opening up has increased productivity, stimulated growth, and made the economy more flexible and dynamic. Australia plays an active role in the WTO, APEC, the G20, and other trade forums. Australia’s free trade agreement (FTA) with China entered into force in 2015, adding to existing FTAs with the Republic of Korea, Japan, Chile, Malaysia, New Zealand, Singapore, Thailand, and the US, and a regional FTA with ASEAN and New Zealand. Australia continues to negotiate bilateral agreements with Indonesia, as well as larger agreements with its Pacific neighbors and the Gulf Cooperation Council countries, and an Asia-wide Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership that includes the 10 ASEAN countries and China, Japan, Korea, New Zealand, and India. Australia is a significant exporter of natural resources, energy, and food. Australia's abundant and diverse natural resources attract high levels of foreign investment and include extensive reserves of coal, iron, copper, gold, natural gas, uranium, and renewable energy sources. A series of major investments, such as the US$40 billion Gorgon Liquid Natural Gas Project, will significantly expand the resources sector. For nearly two decades up till 2017, Australia had benefited from a dramatic surge in its terms of trade. As export prices increased faster than import prices, the economy experienced continuous growth, low unemployment, contained inflation, very low public debt, and a strong and stable financial system. Australia entered 2018 facing a range of growth constraints, principally driven by the sharp fall in global prices of key export commodities. Demand for resources and energy from Asia and especially China is growing at a slower pace and sharp drops in export prices have impacted growth. GDP (purchasing power parity): $1.248 trillion (2017 est.) $1.221 trillion (2016 est.) $1.19 trillion (2015 est.) GDP (official exchange rate): $1.38 trillion (2017 est.) Gross national saving: 21% of GDP (2017 est.) 20.5% of GDP (2016 est.) 21.5% of GDP (2015 est.) GDP - composition, by end use: household consumption: 56.9% (2017 est.) government consumption: 18.4% (2017 est.) investment in fixed capital: 24.1% (2017 est.) investment in inventories: 0.1% (2017 est.) exports of goods and services: 21.5% (2017 est.) imports of goods and services: -21% (2017 est.) GDP - composition, by sector of origin: agriculture: 3.6% (2017 est.) industry: 25.3% (2017 est.) services: 71.2% (2017 est.) Agriculture - products: wheat, barley, sugarcane, fruits; cattle, sheep, poultry Industries: mining, industrial and transportation equipment, food processing, chemicals, steel Labor force: 12.91 million (2017 est.) Population below poverty line: n/a Household income or consumption by percentage share: lowest 10%: 2% Budget: revenues: 490 billion (2017 est.) Taxes and other revenues: 35.5% (of GDP) (2017 est.) Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-): -0.5% (of GDP) (2017 est.) Fiscal year: 1 July - 30 June Inflation rate (consumer prices): 2% (2017 est.) 1.3% (2016 est.) Current account balance: -$36.01 billion (2017 est.) -$41.45 billion (2016 est.) Exports: $231.6 billion (2017 est.) $191.7 billion (2016 est.) Exports - commodities: iron ore, coal, gold, natural gas, beef, aluminum ores and conc, wheat, meat (excluding beef), wool, alumina, alcohol Exports - partners: China 33.5%, Japan 14.6%, South Korea 6.6%, India 5%, Hong Kong 4% (2017) Imports: $221 billion (2017 est.) $198.7 billion (2016 est.) Imports - commodities: motor vehicles, refined petroleum, telecommunication equipment and parts; crude petroleum, medicaments, goods vehicles, gold, computers Imports - partners: China 22.9%, US 10.8%, Japan 7.5%, Thailand 5.1%, Germany 4.9%, South Korea 4.5% (2017) Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: $66.58 billion (31 December 2017 est.) $55.07 billion (31 December 2016 est.) Debt - external: $1.714 trillion (31 December 2017 est.) $1.547 trillion (31 December 2016 est.) Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad: $509.7 billion (31 December 2017 est.) $441.4 billion (31 December 2016 est.) Market value of publicly traded shares: $1.187 trillion (31 December 2015 est.) $1.289 trillion (31 December 2014 est.) $1.366 trillion (31 December 2013 est.) Exchange rates: Australian dollars (AUD) per US dollar - 1.311 (2017 est.) 1.3442 (2016 est.) 1.3442 (2015 est.) 1.3291 (2014 est.) 1.1094 (2013 est.) Electricity - production: 243 billion kWh (2016 est.) Electricity - consumption: 229.4 billion kWh (2016 est.) Electricity - from other renewable sources: 17% of total installed capacity (2017 est.) Crude oil - production: 263,000 bbl/day (2017 est.) Crude oil - exports: 192,500 bbl/day (2017 est.) Crude oil - proved reserves: 1.821 billion bbl (1 January 2018 est.) Refined petroleum products - consumption: 1.175 million bbl/day (2017 est.) Refined petroleum products - exports: 64,120 bbl/day (2017 est.) Natural gas - production: 105.2 billion cu m (2017 est.) Natural gas - consumption: 45.25 billion cu m (2017 est.) Natural gas - exports: 67.96 billion cu m (2017 est.) Natural gas - proved reserves: 1.989 trillion cu m (1 January 2018 est.) Carbon dioxide emissions from consumption of energy: 439.1 million Mt (2017 est.) Cellular Phones in use: total subscriptions: 27.553 million Telephone system: general assessment: excellent domestic and international service; domestic satellite system; significant use of radiotelephone in areas of low population density; rapid growth of mobile telephones; 5G technologies in preparation and anticipation for 2020 (2018) domestic: more subscribers to mobile services than there are people; 90% of all mobile device sales are now smartphones, growth in mobile traffic brisk; 36 per 100 fixed-line, 119 per 100 mobile-cellular (2018) international: country code - 61; landing points for more than 20 submarine cables including: the SEA-ME-WE-3 optical telecommunications submarine cable with links to Asia, the Middle East, and Europe; the INDIGO-Central, INDIGO West and ASC, North West Cable System, Australia-Papua New Guinea cable, CSCS, PPC-1, Gondwana-1, SCCN, Hawaiki, TGA, Basslink, Bass Strait-1, Bass Strait-2, JGA-S, with links to other Australian cities, New Zealand and many countries in southeast Asia, US and Europe; the H2 Cable, AJC, Telstra Endeavor, Southern Cross NEXT with links to Japan, Hong Kong, and other Pacific Ocean countries as well as the US; satellite earth stations - 10 Intelsat (4 Indian Ocean and 6 Pacific Ocean), 2 Inmarsat, 2 Globalstar, 5 other (2019) Broadcast media: the Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC) runs multiple national and local radio networks and TV stations, as well as Australia Network, a TV service that broadcasts throughout the Asia-Pacific region and is the main public broadcaster; Special Broadcasting Service (SBS), a second large public broadcaster, operates radio and TV networks broadcasting in multiple languages; several large national commercial TV networks, a large number of local commercial TV stations, and hundreds of commercial radio stations are accessible; cable and satellite systems are available Internet country code: .au Internet users: total: 20,288,409 Airports: 480 (2013) Airports (paved runways): total 349 (2017) over 3,047 m: 11 (2017) 2,438 to 3,047 m: 14 (2017) 1,524 to 2,437 m: 155 (2017) 914 to 1,523 m: 155 (2017) Airports (unpaved runways): total 131 Pipelines: 637 km condensate/gas, 30054 km gas, 240 km liquid petroleum gas, 3609 km oil, 110 km oil/gas/water, 72 km refined products (2013) Railways: total 33,343 km (2015) standard gauge: 17,446 km 1.435-m gauge (650 km electrified) (2015) narrow gauge: 12,318 km 1.067-m gauge (2,075.5 km electrified) (2015) broad gauge: 3,247 km 1.600-m gauge (372 km electrified) (2015) Roadways: total 873,573 km (2015) urban: 145,928 km (2015) non-urban: 727,645 km (2015) Waterways: 2,000 km (mainly used for recreation on Murray and Murray-Darling River systems) (2011) Merchant marine: total 563 by type: bulk carrier 4, general cargo 84, oil tanker 7, other 468 (2018) Ports and terminals: major seaport(s): Brisbane, Cairns, Darwin, Fremantle, Geelong, Gladstone, Hobart, Melbourne, Newcastle, Port Adelaide, Port Kembla, Sydney container port(s) (TEUs): Melbourne (2,806,436), Sydney (2,530,122) (2017) LNG terminal(s) (export): Darwin, Karratha, Burrup, Curtis Island dry bulk cargo port(s): Dampier (iron ore), Dalrymple Bay (coal), Hay Point (coal), Port Hedland (iron ore), Port Walcott (iron ore) Military branches: Australian Defense Force (ADF): Australian Army (includes Special Operations Command), Royal Australian Navy (includes Naval Aviation Force), Royal Australian Air Force, Joint Operations Command (JOC) (2016) Military service age and obligation: 17 years of age for voluntary military service (with parental consent); no conscription; women allowed to serve in most combat roles (2018) Military expenditures: 2% of GDP (2016) 1.98% of GDP (2015) 1.8% of GDP (2014) 1.68% of GDP (2013) 1.7% of GDP (2012) Disputes - International: In 2007, Australia and Timor-Leste agreed to a 50-year development zone and revenue sharing arrangement and deferred a maritime boundary; Australia asserts land and maritime claims to Antarctica; Australia's 2004 submission to the Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf extends its continental margins over 3.37 million square kilometers, expanding its seabed roughly 30 percent beyond its claimed EEZ; all borders between Indonesia and Australia have been agreed upon bilaterally, but a 1997 treaty that would settle the last of their maritime and EEZ boundary has yet to be ratified by Indonesia's legislature; Indonesian groups challenge Australia's claim to Ashmore Reef; Australia closed parts of the Ashmore and Cartier reserve to Indonesian traditional fishing Refugees and internally displaced persons: refugees (country of origin): 11,932 (Afghanistan), 10,702 (Iran), 5,061 (Pakistan) (2018) stateless persons: 132 (2018) Illicit drugs: Tasmania is one of the world's major suppliers of licit opiate products; government maintains strict controls over areas of opium poppy cultivation and output of poppy straw concentrate; major consumer of cocaine and amphetamines ArgentinaUnited StatesColombiaChileSpainMexicoBrazilPeruUruguayVenezuelaEcuadorParaguayItalyUnited KingdomRussiaCanadaGermanyIndonesiaAlgeriaBoliviaPortugalFranceEgyptCosta RicaGuatemalaPanamaMoroccoSerbiaPolandEl SalvadorGreeceVietnamSouth KoreaIrelandHondurasTurkeyDominican RepublicJapanSlovakiaNetherlandsNicaraguaMalaysiaThailandCzechiaUkraineChinaBelgiumCroatiaHungaryRomaniaTunisiaBulgariaIsraelAustraliaIndiaSwedenAlbaniaSwitzerlandHong KongIcelandSyriaNorth MacedoniaPuerto RicoBosnia and HerzegovinaSaudi ArabiaJordanBelarusKuwaitSouth AfricaSloveniaTaiwanNew ZealandMontenegroLithuaniaNorwayPhilippinesFinlandPakistanMartiniqueUgandaUnited Arab EmiratesIraqLebanonAustriaSingaporeCyprusLuxembourgAndorraGhanaDenmarkArmeniaZambiaAzerbaijanReunionAngolaAfghanistanLibyaCote d'IvoireThe BahamasArubaCubaSan MarinoCayman IslandsQatarBangladeshIran « Previous Country \| Next Country » Back to Flag Counter Overview	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line215
__label__wiki	0.95926	0.95926	Cowboys´ Quinn handed two-match suspension Dallas Cowboys defensive end Robert Quinn has been suspended for the first two games of the regular season after violating the NFL's policy on performance-enhancing substances. Quinn was already dealing with a broken hand, which he suffered in practice earlier this week. The injury required surgery, but he was expected to be fully healthy for week one. The 29-year-old is set to enter his first season with the Cowboys after the team acquired him in a trade with the Dolphins in March. He has recorded 69 sacks in 111 career games with the St Louis and Los Angeles Rams and Miami Dolphins. Quinn is eligible to return after Dallas' week two game against the Washington Redskins on September 15, though his agent – Sean Kiernan – has criticised the NFL's decision. "I am extremely disappointed in the NFL for following through with this suspension," a statement on Twitter read. "In life there are real world instances where a totality of the circumstances must be analysed. This is one such case. Rob has a medical history with seizures that requires him to take multiple doses of preventative medication daily to regulate them. Statement re: Robert Quinn pic.twitter.com/EY5D5KJslJ — Sean Kiernan (@SKiernan78) August 8, 2019 "I've been working with NFL players for 20 years, and I can't think of a situation where I've been personally involved where the league was as tone deaf as it was here. "Now, Rob will be punished for something that would have been impossible for him to prevent, and even though the NFL admitted during the hearing that it did not believe Rob was intentionally doping, they still suspended him. "I hope the league office will be more thoughtful and conscious in the future if this ever happens to another player."	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line217
__label__cc	0.599959	0.400041	Mutable Commute 2001/2003, miniDV, color/sound, 30 mins. Mutable Commute is an abstracted evocation of the body in transit, its strengths and vulnerabilities, and the harsh permeability of the machines and buildings that transport the body through, and contain it within, the urban environment. Mutable Commute also explores the cyclical nature of human survival as workers inhabit the quiet sterility of their offices and other public spaces, performing cyborgian movements which are part physical, part cerebral, part mechanical, and part digital. The segments in Suite for VCRs on each video cassette were edited in one of two ways. The first is what I call a "progressive loop," where the clip is repeated a number of times, but the beginning and ending points of the clip move forward a couple of frames at each iteration. Therefore most of the image is repeated, but it changes slightly as the beginning of the clip gets chopped off and a few frames get added at the end. This allows the viewer to key into the internal rhythm of the clip, while watching it grow and evolve into something else. The second editing technique uses a random video editing program, which I created on the computer for this project. It reads a list of video clips and reassembles them randomly into a sequence which seems oddly outside the realm of human intention. Mutable Commute is performed using three VCRs and three monitors, where the performer inserts tapes in a partly random matter to make the sounds and images play with and against each other. The piece is also available as a single channel video, which lasts about 30 minutes.	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line218
__label__wiki	0.660583	0.660583	Roberta's Las Vegas Real Estate Blog: September 2010 Roberta LaRocca Simply Vegas Real Estate 1780 W. Horizon Ridge Parkway, Suite 100, Henderson, NV, 89012 Encore Realty Group Las Vegas, NV Las Vegas Area Pictures by Roberta LaRocca REALTOR® Las Vegas Luxury Homes Roberta LaRocca REALTOR® Las Vegas Photo Shows by Roberta LaRocca Las Vegas Broker / Salesperson Roberta LaRocca REALTOR® Las Vegas, Henderson, NV Roberta LaRocca REALTOR® Las Vegas Trulia Profile YouTube Roberta LaRocca Real Estate - Las Vegas Living Symphony Park Las Vegas, Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo, Smith Center, Pave the Way - Photo Tour Located in the heart of downtown, you could say that Symphony Park is setting the tone for the future of Las Vegas, NV. It has become the center for orchestrating the diversification of the local economy, a new base for arts and culture, and a showcase for conservation and green building in a state already poised to become a leader in renewable energy, at the newly titled Nevada National Security Site that may also have additional future uses for energy, technology experimentation and jobs. This project was originally named Union Park, after the former Union Pacific rail yards that had been on this location. In what seems a twist of fate, the railroads are what originally gave birth to the city, with land auctions in 1905 that led to the incorporation of the City of Las Vegas in 1911. Now nearly 100 years later, this same land in the shadow of the historic downtown with it's world famous Fremont Street, appears to once again play a highly important role in the Las Vegas of tomorrow. Is this a building that melted in the desert sun? No this is the work of internationally renowned architect Frank Gehry. His style is a blend of contemporary architecture and sculpture that turns into a flowing work of aesthetic space, and a fitting gateway into this project centered around art and culture. The building houses the new world center for the treatment of Alzheimer's and other brain disorders, the Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health. The center is a partnership of Cleveland Clinic and the Las Vegas Keep Memory Alive Foundation that began this quest for research and treatment of these disorders. KMA was founded by local businessman Larry Ruvo, who had watched his own father, Lou, suffer with the disease. The back of the Center reveals a look at the contemporary styling lurking beneath the stainless steel facade. The interior of the building, shown here, is just as flowing and unique as the front, appearing to simulate the complexity and connectivity of the human mind. The efforts to fundraise and build such a structure, through events like their annual star studded Power of Love Gala, and the support it has received from both the community and outside sources are what helped to inspire the partnership with Cleveland Clinic. It has even led them to explore expanding their presence in Symphony Park, as they currently hold exclusive negotiating rights to several adjoining parcels for expanded medical services, as shown on this Newland Community Map of the project. Of course it's hard to show a panorama of Symphony Park's 61 acres in the size limits I have here in my blog. Clicking the image above will load into a Google Maps API, so that you can zoom in or out and drag to see the details, including the side view of the Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center and the under construction Smith Center for the Performing Arts. This $470 million center will house 3 theaters for everything ranging from Broadway and performing artist shows and concerts, to intimate local productions. A recent addition to the complex will be the $43 million Discovery Children's Museum, with a larger footprint and new exhibits for families to enjoy. Smith Center will also become the permanent home of the Nevada Ballet Theater and Las Vegas Philharmonic, as well as other local theater, dance, music, and educational groups. For a sneak peek at these fabulous new facilities coming on line in 2012, there's a virtual fly over and through, along with a video presentation, found here. You may have noticed in the Lou Ruvo Center pictures or panorama, that there was a rather large building hiding just behind it. That is just one of the 3 current buildings that make up the 5,000,000 square feet of the World Market Center, a furniture showplace for manufacturers and buyers from around the world. While the center has felt the squeeze of the global financial slowdown, hopes are that it can be a catalyst for export manufacturing in an economic rebound. You'd have to imagine that this facility played some role in the recent opening of Foliot Furniture's west cost manufacturing operations and showroom near McCarran airport. In the panorama you may also notice another crane to the right of the Symphony Park sign and behind the Bank of America building. That is the construction of another Cleveland based company, Forest City, and their LiveWork project that will contain the new Las Vegas City Hall and a new Transit Terminal as part of that complex. This is one of several proposed and soon to begin projects in the downtown area that includes the CIM Group Lady Luck starting later this year, as seen on this map. It also shows the land swap arrangement between the city and Forest City, trading the City Hall parcel when completed in 2012 for one in Symphony Park for a 1000 room hotel and casino as shown in this rendering. Symphony Park also has another unique architectural and cultural center in place just across the street. The Clark County Government Center and it's amphitheater where many community concerts and performances are held. If you thought the Luxor on the Las Vegas Strip was the only pyramid in Las Vegas, you'll discover there's one also found here. It houses the 400 seat cafeteria that service this nearly 400,000 square foot facility built on almost 39 acres. The other existing neighbor on the last corner of Bonneville is the Las Vegas Premium Outlets. This 150 store outdoor outlet mall opened in late 2003 and as the name implies it features many designer brands. If the foot and vehicle traffic of my recent mid-week visit is any indicator, consumer spending here must be on the rise. The surface lot I was in didn't have a space, the one parking garage I was in was near full, and there was a constant line of cabs and limos adding to the crowds at the stores. There is something else to notice in that panorama, other than it's in sight of the Las Vegas Strip. If you look at that red center lane on Grand Central Parkway, it's the new dedicated lane for the Regional Transportation Commission's new Gold Line. It connects the Symphony Park area with downtown, the Las Vegas Convention Center and the Strip. These diesel - electric hybrids are busses, but with the level entry of light rail. It's part of the future mass transit system connecting the Las Vegas Valley, with the Boulder Highway corridor under construction to connect downtown Las Vegas with Henderson. At a much lower cost per mile to build when compared with light rail, this transit system represents an affordable way to expand future transportation needs. In the relatively short history of Las Vegas, it has been the fastest growing city of the past century. Much of this is due to it being able to reinvent itself over the years. It's beginnings in rail and mining, pioneering in gaming, it's WWII military base and manufacturing followed by cold war testing and development, to today's world class resort destinations with entertainment, shopping, and dining, and it's air and ground tours to the many natural wonders of the southwest, the city has always evolved. Part of it's ability to recover has been it's forward thinking that you see here with Symphony Park, combined with it's business friendly environment and low tax burden. These incentives have inspired creative thinking and the ability to more easily absorb the risks of fresh ideas, while also offering employees more take home pay in a city that offers the amenities often found only in much larger and expensive urban areas. Even now as we all inch toward a recovery, the groundwork laid out in Symphony Park offers Las Vegas a leg up on any potential the future may hold. It is part of the reason so many home buyers and investors have been absorbing the local home inventory, putting their money on a turnaround for the city with the can - do attitude. If you are interested in relocating to Las Vegasor would like more information on Las Vegas Real Estate, please email me, at Roberta@RobertaLaRocca.com, or call 702-354-8988. I look forward to hearing from you! Click the Black Bar to Subscribe to my rss feed Search Las Vegas Homes and Foreclosures for Free - No Signup Required! 2 comments • Roberta LaRocca • September 15 2010 04:25PM Symphony Park Las Vegas, Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo, Smith Center,… Located in the heart of downtown, you could say that Symphony Park is setting the tone for the future of Las Vegas, NV. It has become the center for orchestrating the diversification of the local economy, a new… more	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line221
__label__cc	0.637664	0.362336	Record No: Res 31764 Version: 1 2 Council Bill No: Type: Resolution (Res) Status: Adopted Title: A RESOLUTION related to the redevelopment of KeyArena into a first-class, state-of-the-art, multi-purpose entertainment and sport center (the "Arena") at Seattle Center; supporting The City of Seattle negotiating with Oak View Group, LLC (OVG) regarding the possible redevelopment and operation of the Arena at Seattle Center; and requesting the Mayor to negotiate a memorandum of understanding with OVG for the City Council's consideration and action. Sponsors: Debora Juarez, Bruce Harrell Attachments: 1. Att A - Proposed KeyArena Redevelopment Letter (added; 8/14/17) Supporting documents: 1. Proposed Substitute (added; 8/14/17), 2. Summary and Fiscal Note, 3. Signed Resn_31764, 4. Affidavit of Publication 8/14/2017 1 City Council adopted as amended Pass Action details Meeting details 8/14/2017 1 Select Committee on Civic Arenas discussed Action details Meeting details RESOLUTION __________________ A RESOLUTION related to the redevelopment of KeyArena into a first-class, state-of-the-art, multi-purpose entertainment and sport center (the "Arena") at Seattle Center; supporting The City of Seattle negotiating with Oak View Group, LLC (OVG) regarding the possible redevelopment and operation of the Arena at Seattle Center; and requesting the Mayor to negotiate a memorandum of understanding with OVG for the City Council's consideration and action. WHEREAS, on January 11, 2017, the City's Office of Economic Development released a Request for Proposals (RFP) for the possible redevelopment of KeyArena; and WHEREAS, the City's RFP included the following seven objectives related to the project: (1) develop a world-class sports and entertainment arena, (2) integrate with Uptown's Urban Design Framework, (3) include minimal City financial participation in capital development, (4) include minimal City financial participation in ongoing operations, (5) address transportation impacts, (6) treat neighbors and impacted workers equitably, and (7) contribute to Seattle Center's vibrancy; and WHEREAS, the City has created a thorough approach for evaluating proposals submitted in response to the RFP as outlined herein: (1) Community Advisory Panel comprised of community leaders to review proposals and offer advice and observations on strengths and areas of concern; (2) City Staff Review Teams to provide detailed analysis of the proposals as they relate to the RFP and the City's objectives; (3) Executive Review Team to evaluate the City Staff Review Team recommendations, as well as feedback from the Community Advisory Panel; and (4) Mayor's review of the recommendations of the City Staff Review Team; and WHEREAS, after careful consideration, the Mayor has selected the proposal submitted by Oak View Group, LLC as the preferred proposal for the possible redevelopment of KeyArena; and WHEREAS, Council will retain an independ...	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line222
__label__cc	0.592159	0.407841	Nursing Home Abuse? Medical Malpractice? Call an Experienced Attorney Caregiver & Elder Care News Nearly Half of Senior Citizens in America Need Help with Daily Routines Growing need for improved community-based services and support for older Americans and their caregivers By Milly Dawson Nov. 4, 2014 - Nearly half of Americans age 65 and older, totaling about 18 million people, require help with routine daily activities like bathing, handling medications or meals. A new study in Milbank Quarterly reveals a growing need for improved services and support for older Americans, their spouses, their children and other "informal caregivers." While 51 percent of older Americans in the study reported no difficulty with routine tasks, "29 percent reported receiving help with taking care of themselves or getting around in the previous month," said co-author Vicki A. Freedman, Ph.D., a research professor with the Institute for Social Research at the University of Michigan. "Another 20 percent reported that they had difficulty carrying out these activities on their own." The researchers examined 2011 data from the National Health and Aging Trends Study gathered during two-hour, in-person interviews with more than 7,500 Medicare recipients or a proxy, as well as information provided by staff members about nearly 500 nursing home residents. For older adults who received help in a private home or in settings like assisted living, the average number of hours of care was 200 per month. Informal caregivers, mainly spouses and children, provided most of that help. About three in ten older adults who received assistance supplemented this informal care with paid help. Related Archived Stories Elderly Improve Physical Function After Encouraging Subliminal Messages Challenge was to enable the participants to overcome negative age stereotypes acquired from society Read more Elder Care & Caregivers News "About one in three people who reported help or difficulty with daily activities also reported having at least one adverse consequence related to having an unmet need for help in the month prior to the interview," noted co-author Brenda C. Spillman, Ph.D., a senior fellow with the Urban Institute's Health Policy Center. Adverse consequences included staying in bed, being unable to leave the house, not eating and misusing medications. Models that effectively coordinate health and supportive services will become even more important as a rising number of older Americans with disabilities receive care in settings other than nursing homes. Spillman added, "The dominant role of informal caregivers, including their part in health care and navigating the health care system, highlights the value of current efforts to improve supports for them." Jennifer Wolff, Ph.D., an associate professor of health policy and management at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, stressed that the findings offer policymakers a "more comprehensive, nuanced profile" of how disabilities affect older people. The study illuminates how older adults perform daily activities, she said, and the ways in which they compensate for changing abilities with assistive devices, paid and unpaid help, and supportive services such as residential care. Wolff observed that the large, rigorous, national survey analyzed for this study was a "unique data source," which provided a more detailed profile of the needs of U.S. seniors. The results, she said, "set the stage for a more comprehensive understanding of the potential implications of late-life disability for individuals and for society." Source: Health Behavior News Service, part of the Center for Advancing Health, http://cfah.org. > Medical Malpractice, > Nursing Home Abuse, > Personal Injury Our Experienced Lawyers Can Help "We win because we care, we prepare and we have no fear," Beth Janicek, board certified personal injury attorney Free Consultation on your case. Call Now Toll Free or Send Email More at our Website	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line224
__label__wiki	0.883662	0.883662	The Bill Shankly Story by Wooltonian Shanks' favourite songs Bill Shankly's memorial service on BBC Cronberry Eglinton Greatest ever game Liverpool - Statistics Greatest team Shankly's arrival Why did Bill Shankly retire? The Shankly effect The letter from Shankly by Chris Wood The Great Bill Shankly by George Scott Two original songs by Paul Wilkes Bob Paisley Tom Murphy's statue Shankly gates Brian Hall Emlyn Hughes John Keith Ronnie Moran Own words Interview with Scottish TV in 1975 Interview from The Guardian Shankly's last interview Ronnie Moran - Vocal Hero Ronnie Moran joined Liverpool F.C. in 1949, and eventually became club captain and an instrumental member of the Bill Shankly team that hauled Liverpool out of the second division and onto the first rungs of the ladder of success. He was pivotal in the formation of the famous boot room, and managed the club through a difficult period between the appointments of Kenny Dalglish and Graeme Souness. He is the man described by Tommy Smith as being able to "moan for England". Ronnie Moran has seen it all, done it all, and bought the "t-shirt". innocently answered the phone at home in the early spring of 1991. "It was Kenny Dalglish. Me and the wife were just on our way out and I asked him what he wanted. 'I've packed in' he said 'I've had enough'. I thought he was joking, as he was a great practical joker and I told him to stop messing around. He must have filled up because he put the phone down and the line went dead." The next call Moran took was from Liverpool chairman Noel White, who confirmed Dalglish's resignation and promptly offered the freshly vacated manager's job to the scarcely believing assistant. "Of course I accepted, but becoming manager was not something I'd ever envisaged, but then again, neither had Bob nor Joe before me." Bill Shankly's resignation in the summer of 1974 had visited a similar, though even larger shock, on the people of Liverpool. It had been Bob Paisley's calling to follow the great Shankly then and now Ronnie Moran was being asked to step into the shoes of another Liverpool legend, Dalglish. Thus, the inexorable path to the top that had begun with apprenticeship in the austere post war year of 1949 had finally delivered Ronnie Moran to the pinnacle of club football, manager of the league champions. The history books will show a record of ten games played, 4 won and 5 lost during Moran's short lived 'caretaker' reign. It was a curious set of results that saw a 7:1 win at Derby County's Baseball Ground followed a few weeks later by a 5:4 victory over Leeds United at Elland Road. "The win at Derby is still the record away victory for this club" says Moran with obvious and deserved pride. But despite this seven week spell at the summit of Britain's greatest ever club, Ronnie Moran is forever destined to be remembered as a stalwart of the back room staff, the local, or some would say 'vocal', hero of the boot room. Nobody ever saw him as destined to play a lengthy role as manager, and at the age of 57, Moran too felt that he was only holding the fort until a long term appointment was made. "I spoke to the chairman and told him that I couldn't do the job long term. I would only have been cheating them and I told them I wanted to go back to doing what I had been doing in the background." Speculation in the media suggested John Toshack was going to make an emotional return to the club but it was another old boy, Graeme Souness, who was quickly ushered in to take the reigns from Moran. Initially, Souness was to take over at the end of the season but the media got hold of the story and Glasgow Rangers and Liverpool decided between them it was best for Souness to take over straight away. Over forty years earlier, Ronnie Moran as a fresh faced 14 year old, had first joined the club that was to become such a big part of his life. He began his playing career as an apprentice electrician playing 'C' team football. He was offered professional terms by manager Don Welsh in 1952 and quickly established himself as a promising full back. Liverpool though, were relegated to the old second division in 1954 and languished there until the arrival of Bill Shankly in December 1959. Ronnie Moran was club captain for one season, the very season when Shankly arrived at the club. "No disrespect to the previous management but when Shanks came he was like a breath of fresh air. He completely changed the club around and took it to were it is today, renowned all over the world." Moran had suffered with a serious injury and soon found his place in the team under threat from the emerging Gerry Byrne. By the time the side was re-established in the first division the writing for Ronnie Moran the player was firmly on the wall. During the pre-season of 1966-67 Shankly steered him towards a new direction he had barely thought about taking previously. "Shanks called me to one side. I thought, this is it, he's going to tell me another club's come in for me' and he said to me 'Ronnie, how would you like to join the back room staff?'. I went off and discussed it with my wife. We are both from Liverpool and didn't want to leave, and the next day I told Bill, 'yes'." Now a member of the burgeoning boot room, Moran gradually worked his way up the ranks from working with the youngsters, through to first team trainer and then manager. Moran was to become the sergeant major of Melwood, bellowing instructions and keeping any inflating egos firmly in check. "We never really discussed specific roles, I guess Shanks and Bob had seen me shouting and talking a lot when I was playing and liked what they'd seen. They just let me get on with it." The training pattern that had been laid down by Shankly also agreed with Moran. "Previously, we used to run down to Melwood from Anfield, which was about 3 and a half miles, do our training, and run back. Shanks did away with all that. He said 'you don't run on the road in a match so we won't do it in training'. He introduced lots of work with the ball. We played a lot of small sided games where the emphasis was put on simple quick passing. I learnt so much from him and from Joe Fagan about the game and how it should be played." The simplicity of the approach Shankly took to training led to much confusion and disbelief amongst his peers. As the trophies began to roll in, a growing band of onlookers would gather at Melwood to watch and learn. They would all go away muttering about how little Liverpool actually did. "People missed what it was all about. They would just see us do a bit of jogging then go straight into small groups for games of 5-a-sides, or maybe a bit of ball work. They never saw the little things that we were doing, teaching the players when to pass, how to move into space. Sometimes players would be corrected for passing to someone who was marked for instance. I was blessed as a player, I found it easy but some didn't and they had to be taught." The emphasis Shankly put on playing small sided games is legendary. "If he looked at a couple of kids juggling a ball, it wouldn't matter to him which one was better. He would want to see how they played in a game situation. His argument would be that you don't get opportunities to juggle the ball in a match so it was irrelevant. Nowadays, clubs and coaches in this country would always take the kid with the better ball skills. That's the problem we have now. Youngsters are being taught all the fancy ball skills, which is fine, but they're not being taught how to play the game." It's clearly a theme Ronnie Moran is passionate about. Shankly and his coaching staff always drummed into the players the notion that they had to control a game with their heads as well as their feet. "I'm not saying having great ball skills is wrong, of course it's not and all players have to have a certain level of skill, but with Shanks it was not the most important thing. If you watched youngsters playing a game you might spot the one who gives you something extra, a bit of fight or determination for example. Shanks would want to see what the lad could do with his natural footballing brains. Does he know how to pass? Can he tackle? He would be looking to see if that lad had something about him." These were lessons that Moran would take on board and assimilate as his own as the years spent at Melwood grew and grew. "When I was a player I had no real understanding of how teams were built. Then, when I started watching Shanks I began to work it out. If he had a player who lacked a bit of pace but was a really good passer, he would play someone alongside him who could compensate." It was all about balancing out the shortcomings of one player with the strong points of another." After his brief spell as manager, Moran was allowed by new manager Souness to return to his coaching duties. The decline of Liverpool as a European force gathered pace, as first under Souness, and later under Roy Evans the club struggled to find any sort of real consistency on the pitch. Moran does not blame Souness for the decline however, and views many of the changes he made to the club's training routine as positive ones. "We started to get a few bad results and really we all had to share the blame. The buck stops with the management so they say. But also, during my later years at the club, we started to get players in who questioned the way we did things. They wanted us to change the training depending on whatever system the next opposition would be using. Then after games we had lost these players would say things like 'well if we'd done this and if we'd done that...' and I used to say to them 'well if you realised that why didn't you change it out on the pitch?' The problem with a lot of players now though is that they won't take that responsibility, and some of these players were actually captains of this club." "Shanks always preached that we had eleven captains. He wanted to see players think things out and rectify things if they were going wrong. You never got shouted at for trying to change something out on the pitch. You were always taught to work things out for yourself. Mind you if you tried something stupid and it didn't come off we had a saying that we would 'hit you on the head with a big stick from the touchline'. I remember Steve Nicol getting a hat-trick once at Newcastle. Nobody told him where he had to go and what to do, he just worked it out himself. He got the match ball and I told him it was probably the only one he'd ever get ! but nobody told him off for joining in the attack. You see players now going on overlaps because they think they have to even though they've got three players around them and no chance of getting the ball. To be fair, if you look at the really successful teams now, like Manchester United or Chelsea and even Leeds, they do get it right. Look at Denis Irwin the other week at Chelsea. United were getting beaten and were down to 10 men but he pushed up whenever he could, trying to influence the game and help out, yet he knew when to stay back whenever they were under the cosh or when to bolster the midfield." For Moran the lack of quality in the game today stems simply from the fact that we don't, as a rule, teach the right things to our young footballers. "Phil Neal was telling me the other day how he used to know when to go and when not to but players today don't seem to have that nouse. I think all over the country now too much is being put in footballer's brains about what they must and must not do." All of which begs the question of how Bill Shankly would have coped with life amongst today's pampered superstars. Ronnie Moran has no doubts that Shanks would have thrived. "He would have been fine dealing with foreigners and all the big money because he would have just got on with it. He would have got through to them with his enthusiasm for the game. Can you imagine him dealing with the media? He would love being a manager today. They would have to drag him away from the TV cameras." Hmmm, the thought of Shanks dealing with today's media is indeed mind boggling. Ronnie Moran grins at the thought, then begins to tell me about the European night when 40 people crammed into the old boot room and another priceless anecdote unfolds. I think it's fair to say that, for Ronnie Moran, those happy memories far outweigh the painful ones. © LFChistory.net - Interview in October 1999 for Shankly.com Shanks quote "He is a model professional, and a model human being. If there were 11 Callaghans at Anfield there would never be any need to put up a team sheet. He typifies everything that is good in football, and he has never changed. You could stake your life on Ian." Shanks admired Cally All rights reserved - © LFCHistory.net - webmaster@lfchistory.net This site is in no way endorsed by or affiliated to Liverpool Football Club	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line226
__label__wiki	0.600951	0.600951	Lord Frederic Leighton A Girl Feeding Peacocks British 1830-1896 Lord Frederic Leighton Locations Related Paintings of Lord Frederic Leighton :. \| Daedalus and Icarus \| Pavonia \| A Girl Feeding Peacocks \| The Painters Honeymoon \| Jonathan's Token to David \| DUSART, Cornelis Dutch Baroque Era Painter, 1660-1704 Dutch painter, draughtsman and printmaker. He was the son of the organist at St Bavo in Haarlem and one of the last pupils of Adriaen van Ostade. He became a member of the Haarlem Guild of St Luke on 10 January 1679 and served as its dean in 1692. Dated pictures by Dusart have survived from almost every year between 1679 and 1702. Two of his earliest pictures of peasants relied heavily on compositions by van Ostade: Mother and Child (1679; Dresden, Gemeldegal. Alte Meister) and Woman Selling Milk (1679; sold Amsterdam, Muller, 16 Oct 1928, lot 9; the original drawing by van Ostade is in Paris Maerten van heemskerck Dutch Northern Renaissance Painter, 1498-1574 Dutch painter, draughtsman and print designer. He was among the second generation of Netherlandish artists to travel to Italy, where he was profoundly affected by the work of contemporary artists in Rome and by the examples of Classical sculpture to be seen in the city (see ROMANISM). On his return to the north, van Heemskerck had a long and successful career. His extensive oeuvre (over 100 paintings) comprises large altarpieces, portraits and smaller works (with both religious and mythological subjects). He also produced a vast number of drawings for prints. He helped spread the influence of Michelangelo and Giulio Romano in the northern Netherlands, through his strong, monumental style, with much emphasis on anatomical detail. He was thus an important figure in the dissemination of late Mannerism in northern Europe John Ponsford (1790- 1870 ) painted Portrait of a gentleman. Signed and dated Ponsford 1842	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line233
__label__wiki	0.804866	0.804866	Governor Busted In Massive Voting Scheme For Hillary In Top Swing State Virginia Gov. Terry McAuliffe has granted voting rights to as many as 60,000 convicted felons just in time for them to register to vote, nearly five times more than previously reported and enough to win the state for his long-time friend, Democratic nominee Hillary Clinton. McAuliffe sought to allow all of Virginia’s estimated 200,000 felons to vote, but state courts said each individual felon’s circumstances must be weighed. To get around that, McAuliffe used a mechanical autopen to rapidly sign thousands of letters, as if he had personally reviewed them, even as his office was saying the total was 13,000. Now, The Daily Caller News Foundation Investigative Group has learned that McAuliffe — who managed Clinton’s unsuccessful 2008 presidential campaign — churned out five times as many letters before the registration deadline than publicly claimed. Criminal Clinton Mafia allowed on ticket exposes Shadow masters: One Dollar, One Vote We've been covering a topic for years that we have tried to elaborate in our book "Splitting Pennies - Understanding Forex" that the world is controlled by a secretive group of powerful "Elites" behind the scenes, what some call the "Shadow Government" and what others call "Illuminati" or just "Rockefellers." For the greater majority of people, they believe only what they see on TV. So when communicating with such people, obviously - they think we are crazy. But due to the way the programming works (exploitation of reptilian brain, via the amygdala) it also makes them irrational, and when showing facts to them or reasoning logically they can become emotional and even violent. It's like Dogma vs. Reason, the paradoxical conflict to which there is really no solution. So how do we know about this? Because in Forex, sometimes you see things that just aren't possible otherwise. Forex isn't like other markets, there's no transparency, there's not anything like there is in futures, bonds, or stocks. So let's elaborate on one example, which is a good Forex example for this election; George Soros. What this election has done - it's brought all the facts to bear for the public to see via Wikileaks. So people who are voting for Clinton - they are voting for a criminal enterprise. Clinton is not the 'head' of this enterprise, but a public representative, a puppet, a "consigliere." Never before has so much evidence been brought forth, in plain site, in black and white. If you haven't done so already - have a peek in the emails here at Wikileaks. Obama Admin Silent On Hillary Clinton Email Conference Call The Obama administration is refusing to shed light on a Jan. 2013 conference call that could shed light on whether Hillary Clinton and her top aides thwarted Freedom of Information Act requests for her emails. Emails show that Heather Samuelson, a Clinton lawyer who worked at the State Department, was scheduled to take part in a Jan. 7, 2013 conference call to discuss a FOIA request filed in Dec. 2012 for Clinton’s emails with Sheryl Walter and Karen Finnegan, two records management officials who worked for State. The discussion in that call would help shed light on why the State Department later declined that FOIA request even though Clinton used a personal email account, a fact which was known to dozens of State Department and Obama administration officials. Clinton and her team have denied that her private email system was intended to escape the reach of FOIA. But some Clinton critics have noted that her State Department improperly denied several requests for her emails filed while she was in office. Clinton Camp Worried About Fundraiser With 'Fraud' CEO Host, Went Ahead With It Anyway The Clinton campaign privately worried about the optics of having Theranos founder and CEO Elizabeth Holmes host a fundraiser at their headquarters, but opted to go ahead with the event anyway after a change of venue. At the time, Theranos and Holmes were in the process of being exposed for having faked lab results for blood tests of thousands of Americans, risking their health and lives. The venue was ultimately changed from their headquarters to a private home, but Holmes remained as host. The worry, exposed in an email released by Wikileaks, started with a tweet by liberal activist Ezra Klein: Failed Polls Call Profession Into Question The polls blew it. [AGAIN-- Editor.] U.S. survey companies and media organizations that collectively presaged a close Hillary Clinton victory now face an autopsy on how they got it so wrong after a year suffused by polls, aggregates of polls and even real-time projections of the vote on Election Day. While the predictions gave some observers a soothing sense of certainty, actual voters still possessed the capacity to shock. Donald Trump’s commanding performance defied the final surveys of the American electorate, which broadly predicted a Clinton win of 2 to 4 percentage points. “It’s harder and harder to poll today, to get a sample that looks like the electorate,” said Karlyn Bowman, a public opinion analyst at the American Enterprise Institute in Washington. “We’ve seen epic fails.” Tuesday’s results were just the latest high-profile predictive failure around the world, following on the heels of misleading surveys on the Colombia peace deal referendum this year and Greece’s bailout referendum in 2015. Surveys were rendered inaccurate by new forms of technology and communication and political questions unlike any seen in recent history. The inaccuracy called into question a basic gauge of sentiment used by politicians, citizens and financiers. “The anger is stronger than any of us really expected," said Megan Greene, chief economist at Manulife Asset Management in Boston, which handles money for institutional investors such as pensions and foundations. The grandfather of U.S. opinion polling, Washington-based Gallup Inc., has pulled back. Four years ago, Gallup endured its third polling defeat in four cycles and walked away from presidential horse-race polling altogether. What will happen to biased mainstream media now? Together We Can All Make America Great Again I saw this OC image on Facebook and thought, the masses need to see this. Liz Cheney Wins Father's Old Congress Seat Republican Liz Cheney defeated Democrat Ryan Greene on Tuesday to win the Wyoming congressional seat once held by her father, former Vice President Dick Cheney. Cheney has never served in elected office, but was favored to win due to her family name recognition and the fact the GOP has held the state's lone House seat since 1978. She had faced criticism, however, because she had not lived in Wyoming. She is a former State Department official who lost her only previous race in 2013 when she attempted to defeat the incumbent Republican in 2013. Report: HuffPost to Remove 'Racist' Disclaimer on Trump Stories The Huffington Post will end its months-long editor's note referring to Donald Trump as "racist" in an effort to start with a "clean slate," according to news reports on Tuesday. For months, stories on Trump carried this disclaimer at the end: "Editor’s note: Donald Trump regularly incites political violence and is a serial liar, rampant xenophobe, racist, misogynist and birther who has repeatedly pledged to ban all Muslims — 1.6 billion members of an entire religion — from entering the U.S." However, Huffington Post Washington Bureau Chief Ryan Grim told staffers in a memo that the website planned to "start with a clean slate,"according to Politico. Accident In Delmar Earlier Today 7 Things Trump's Win Means for America Change is in the air with the election of Donald J. Trump as president of the United States. As a billionaire real estate developer, Trump is truly an outsider in the world of politics, and now he is the holder of the highest office in the land. His victory took many people by surprise, especially because critics doubted his campaign’s success since he first announced his candidacy more than a year ago. Beginning on Jan. 20, 2017, the hard work begins for the new president. Here are seven things Trump's win means for America: 1. Tax cuts across the board – “His tax plan is one of the most dynamic and pro-growth tax plans out there,” says Merrill Matthews of the Institute for Policy Innovation, according to TheStreet. Trump’s plan includes business taxes capped at 15 percent, which could boost business investment and help grow the economy. Liberal Media Treated Us As Stupid, Need I Say More? Instead, we were listening and getting pissed. Putin Says He Will Try to Repair Ties With US Under Trump Russia is ready to do its part to fully restore ties with Washington following the election of businessman Donald Trump as the next U.S. President, Russian President Vladimir Putin said on Wednesday. Trump stunned the world by defeating heavily favored rival Hillary Clinton in Tuesday's presidential election, ending eight years of Democratic rule and sending the United States on a new, uncertain path. Among those uncertainties will be the Trump administration's future relations with Russia. Ties between Washington and Moscow have become increasingly strained over the conflicts in Ukraine and Syria, and allegations of Russian cyber attacks featured in the U.S. election campaign. "We heard the campaign statements of the future U.S. presidential candidate about the restoration of relations between Russia and the United States," Putin said on Wednesday at a ceremony to receive credentials from new foreign ambassadors. Smith & Wesson wants to Change its Name Smith & Wesson Holding Corp., maker of handguns carried by Civil War soldiers and Clint Eastwood’s 1970s police character Dirty Harry, is looking to change its name. The board already approved a new moniker for the 164-year-old company starting Jan. 1: American Outdoor Brands Corp. Investors will vote on the change at a Dec. 13 meeting, Smith & Wesson said in a statement Monday. The change only affects the holding company, not the brand name of its guns. The iconic manufacturer, founded by Horace Smith and Daniel B. Wesson in 1852, won fame for producing one of the first successful revolver-style pistols popular in the West. While about 90 percent of its sales are generated from firearms, Smith & Wesson has expanded to four units that include non-weapon products such as flashlights and Hooyman tree saws. Clinton Probe Uses All Little Rock Agents FBI agents across the country are continuing to actively pursue a broad political corruption investigation of the Clinton Foundation, a probe that is consuming the resources in the FBI’s Little Rock, Ark., field office where every agent assigned to public corruption matters now is working on the case, The Daily Caller News Foundation’s Investigative Group has learned. “Everybody’s working the foundation in Little Rock,” a former senior FBI official told TheDCNF. There at least 10 agents involved, but it’s possible the Little Rock field office is “pulling bodies from other programs.” The official previously told TheDCNF that an unprecedented FBI probe of the foundation was being waged in multiple cities, which TheDCNF reported in August. The other cities involved in the probe include New York, Washington, D.C., Los Angeles and Miami. Bill Clinton Right Now Homebuilders Hit 8 Month Lows After 'Death Cross' Strikes With the odds of a rate hike soaring to cycle highs amid seeming cognitive dissonance over the state of the US economy, the US equity market has held up relatively well. However, not everyone is excited about the prospect of higher interest rates asUS homebuilder stocks have tumbled over 16% from their mid-summer highs. Now at 8-month lows, the fundamental problems facing builders are exacerbated by the formation of a "death cross" (where the 50-day moving-average crosses below the 200-day moving-average). When this happened in November/December of last year - as The Fed hiked rates - builders plunged 27%. Lighting up the New York City skyline Accident At Rt. 13 and Connelly Mill Rd. Another Viewer Writes: Thank You For your dedication to getting out the "other side of the story." The value of non-traditional media has been proven. Local Program Delivers Holiday Spirit to Lower Shore Seniors The holidays are a time to celebrate the joy and warmth of the season with friends and family. In Berlin and Salisbury, the local Home Instead Senior Care® office is inviting the community to celebrate with local seniors who may be alone during the holiday season. The Home Instead Senior Care office serving Wicomico, Worcester and Somerset Counties is helping to facilitate Be a Santa to a Senior®, a community program that provides gifts and companionship to seniors who may be isolated from friends or family during the holiday season. The program is made possible through the generous support of local businesses, nonprofit organizations, retailers, numerous volunteers and members of the community. “The holidays can be a troubling time for seniors. They may feel the absence or the distance of loved ones,” said Corrie Boger, co-owner of the Berlin Home Instead Senior Care office. “Be a Santa to a Senior provides a ray of hope for many seniors, and it means so much for them to know that people care and value them as members of our community.” U.S. Completes 22 Straight Years of Merchandise Trade Deficits With Mexico (CNSNews.com) The United States ran a merchandise trade deficit of $5,243,300,000 with Mexico in September, according to newly released data from the U.S. Census Bureau. That completes 22 straight years in which the United States has run monthly merchandise trade deficits with Mexico. The last time the United States ran a merchandise trade surplus with Mexico was September 1994—when the U.S. ran a $4,700,000 bilateral surplus with its southern neighbor. The U.S. Census Bureau has published monthly figures on the export and import of goods to and from Mexico going back to January 1985. In the 31 complete calendar years that have passed since then (1985 through 2015), the United States has run merchandise trade surpluses with Mexico in four years and deficits in 27 years. Three of those years that the U.S. ran a surplus—1991,1992,1993—were before the North American Free Trade Agreement took effect. The fourth year the United States ran a merchandise trade surplus with Mexico—1994—was the first year NAFTA took effect. New Horse Riding Program Pairs Veterans, At-Risk Individuals PARSONSBURG – A new program pairing at-risk kids with some of the nation’s strongest role models is giving both the chance to benefit from the healing power of horses. Teaming for Success, a new program offered by 4Steps Therapeutic Riding, gives veterans the chance to work with troubled youth in an equine-assisted treatment program. “They deserve more respect than anybody for serving and stepping up,” said Sandy Winter, director of the nonprofit 4Steps Therapeutic Riding. “This is the thing we’d like to instill in our kids.” At 4Steps Therapeutic Riding, located on Sixty Foot Road in Parsonsburg, people of all backgrounds and abilities are given the chance to work with horses. Teaming for Success, made possible with the support of the Community Foundation of the Eastern Shore, is designed specifically to benefit troubled youth. Interested veterans are provided with training by Winter and are then given the chance to share their new knowledge of horses with at-risk kids referred to the program by local social service organizations. There are currently five children in the program, most of whom come from families where one if not both parents are incarcerated. FBI director James Comey lived like a king in one of America's wealthiest towns Before he became FBI director, James Comey lived the Gold Coast high-life in Connecticut as a hedge fund high-roller. Now the besieged Comey - under fire for his surprise letters to Congress about Hillary Clinton's controversial emails that have thrown the presidential election into chaos - is about to take another hit, this time on his palatial $3 million-plus home. Comey bought the estate on more than three acres not far from where Martha Stewart used to live in ritzy Westport, Connecticut, for $3,050,000 in August 2010. He's now had to reduce the price four times down to $2.5 million and he still doesn't have a buyer for the palatial estate. Comey, who has a net worth of $11 million, lived like a king during the six years he spent at the Connecticut home. Jamaican man, 25, convicted of swindling MILLIONS from Americans in lottery scam A 25-year-old man was convicted Thursday for his role in a Jamaican lottery scam that authorities say cost victims around the country millions of dollars. Sanjay Williams, of Montego Bay, Jamaica, was found guilty of conspiracy, wire fraud and money laundering and faces up to 40 years in prison. Investigators described Williams primarily as a 'lead broker' who bought and sold 'sucker lists' of potential victims. He was the only one of 32 defendants to opt for trial; about a dozen defendants are awaiting extradition from Jamaica. Prosecutors said Williams, who was arrested in North Carolina, was the first person from Jamaica convicted of selling the lead lists used in the scam. 'I hope it makes a difference,' Assistant U.S. Attorney Clare Hochhalter said. 'I hope it sends a message to the people who continue doing this crime.' DSP: Wanted Sex Offender Arrested with Drugs Seaford - The Delaware State Police have arrested a wanted sex offender and found drugs in his possession. The incident began around 2:00 p.m. Tuesday November 8, 2016 as troopers assigned to the Pro-Active Criminal Enforcement (P.A.C.E.) team, with the assistance of the Sussex County Drug Unit, Sussex County Governors Task Force, Sex Offender Apprehension and Registration Unit (S.O.A.R.), and the Special Operations Response Team (S.O.R.T.) were conducting surveillance on Maurice D. Cannon, 34 with a last registered address in Bridgeville. Cannon was wanted by S.O.A.R. after he failed to re-register as a sex offender within three days of change of address as well as making a false written statement back in August of 2016 (See News Release: https://dspnewsroom.com/2016/09/03/dsp-s-o-a-r-searching-for-wanted-sex-offenders-4/). He was also wanted out of Sussex County Courts for capiases. Troopers began following Cannon from a residence on Oneals Road and continued to follow as he drove throughout lower Sussex County. He was taken into custody without incident as he pulled into the Delmar Pizza parking lot located at 38660 Sussex Highway where a search was conducted on the vehicle. Located in a book bag was 90.03 grams of marijuana, 41.30 grams of powdered cocaine, 40.07 grams of crack cocaine, 6 Acetaminophen Hydrocodone pills, and over $3,100.00 in suspected drug proceeds. Maurice Cannon was transported back to Troop 5 where he was charged with two counts of Possession of a Controlled Substance in a Tier 5 Quantity (Cocaine), two counts of Possession with Intent to Deliver a Controlled Substance in a Tier 4 quantity (Cocaine), Possession of Marijuana, and Possession of a Controlled Substance without a Prescription. He was arraigned at JP3 and committed to Sussex Correctional Institution on $105,000.00 secured bond. If you thought that election was insane, wait until 2020 I want you to imagine how, in four years' time, technologies like AI, machine learning, sensors and networks will accelerate. Political campaigns are about to get hyper-personalized, thanks to advances in a few exponential technologies. Imagine a candidate who now knows everything about you, who can reach you wherever you happen to be looking, and who can use info scraped from social media (and intuited by machine learning algorithms) to speak directly to you and your interests. Here's what future election campaign marketing might feel like… Key Trends: In Just 4 Years… 1. Social media will have continued to explode. In 2016, 78% of Americans have a social media profile. This year, 162 million Americans (over 50%) will log onto Facebook at least once a month. In four years, these numbers will continue to explode. And so will a campaign's knowledge about you, what you care about and who you are. AI agents built by political campaigns will stalk your every move, scraping your social graph, reading your tweets and posts, analyzing your Instagram photos… mining your publicly available data to know more about you than ever before. The single most important factor influencing your voting decision is your social network… so you can bet that political campaigns will be mining this data to find your top social influencers, what stories you're reading, and subjects that resonate with you. 2. Machine Learning/AI will move forward 10x. Most Hispanics back deportation, want immigration cap cut in half! An election eve poll finds sweeping support for immigration enforcement even among most Hispanics in the United States, potentially bolstering Donald Trump's presidential bid. The Pulse Opinion Research survey found that 51 percent of Hispanics believe that there has been "too little" done to enforce immigration laws. What's more, by a margin of 49 percent to 36 percent, Hispanics "support a policy causing illegal immigrants to return home by enforcing the law." Overall, the survey done for the Center for Immigration Studies, found that most Americans, 54 percent, believe that the administration has done too little to enforce immigration laws and 56 percent support returning illegals. What We ALL Want To Say About The Election President Obama speaks about Donald J. Trump's election victory Watch as Hillary Clinton supporters react to Election Night results as they rolled in Delmar Voters Came Out In Droves Yesterday Nevada Poll Workers Break Law: Caught Wearing 'Defeat Trump' T-Shirts The Eastern Shore Is Deplorable WATCH LIVE: Hillary Speech Canadian immigration website crashes as American voters watch Election Day results The one-stop shop for Canadian hopefuls slowed to a crawl late Tuesday as droves of disenchanted Americans inundated the immigration website. The Immigration and Citizen portal sputtered, repeatedly crashing as Election Day results showed Republican presidential candidate Donald Trump snagging wins in Ohio, Florida and Missouri. Because We At SBYNews Care... How to move to Canada and become a Canadian citizen If the race between Hillary Clinton and Donald Trump has you feeling disillusioned with American democracy, you may find yourself imagining a move to Canada. After all, it's a land where healthcare is free, people are friendly, and Prime Minister Justin Trudeau explains quantum computing just for laughs. But actually becoming a citizen is tough: You need to live in Canada for at least six years, stay on your best behavior, and know a thing or two about the country you'll soon call home. For those who actually want to head up north, here's how you move to Canada. Sheriff Joe Arpaio loses 7th term Voters have booted Sheriff Joe Arpaio from office in his bid for a seventh term after his legal problems in a racial profiling case culminated in a criminal charge two weeks before Election Day. Arpaio, an 84-year-old Republican who became a national figure by cracking down on illegal immigration and forcing jail inmates to wear pink underwear, lost to Democrat Paul Penzone. The race became a referendum on Arpaio's legal woes. Federal prosecutors brought a contempt-of-court charge stemming from his defiance of a judge's order to stop carrying out patrols targeting Latinos. http://www.foxnews.com/politics/2016/11/08/sheriff-joe-arpaio-loses-7th-term.html Statement from Governor Larry Hogan on the Presidential Election ANNAPOLIS, MD – Governor Larry Hogan today issued the following statement on the 2016 presidential election results: “I offer my congratulations to President-elect Donald Trump and to Vice President-elect Mike Pence, and will work with the new administration on behalf of all Marylanders. Now is the time for all of us to come together to find real solutions to the problems we face as a country. For the past two years, our administration has been committed to working with both Democrats and Republicans to change Maryland for the better and that is exactly what we need to see more of in Washington, D.C. As we move forward, I encourage both parties to leave behind the divisive politics that have marred this election season and our nation for far too long and focus on doing what is best for America.” Annual Smoke Alarm Giveaway Today In Salisbury Now is a time to heal to pull together for "ALL"...As a nation we need to turn back to God and lift these men up and prayer..We are a great nation and we need to show the world once again how great we are by pulling together once again... Republicans to retain control of U.S. Senate Republicans were all but guaranteed to keep their majority in the Senate Wednesday as they racked up key wins in Pennsylvania, Wisconsin, North Carolina, Indiana and Florida. In Missouri, Democrat Jason Kander conceded to incumbent GOP Sen. Roy Blunt, eliminating Democrats’ paths to Senate control. Republicans were expected to win an outstanding race in Alaska and a December runoff in Louisiana. The outcome added to what was shaping up as a grim election night for Democrats, who face being consigned to minority status on Capitol Hill for years to come. District voters overwhelmingly approve referendum to make D.C. the 51st state District voters overwhelmingly approved a referendum to make the nation’s capital its 51st state on Tuesday, with pollgoers saying they hope the vote puts pressure on the next Congress and president to address D.C.’s lack of representation in Congress. Voters in the District’s Ward 7, east of the Anacostia River, also resurrected the political career of former mayor Vincent C. Gray (D). They sent him back to the D.C. Council less than a year after prosecutors abandoned a campaign finance investigation that factored heavily in Gray’s failed 2014 reelection bid. “I can’t wait to get back — I love public service,” said an ebullient Gray, 74, just after sunrise Tuesday, as he arrived to vote at a senior center in the Hillcrest neighborhood. Chauffeured in a black SUV by a longtime aide and sporting a black leather bomber jacket that read “Mayor Gray,” the candidate said he would entertain a future comeback campaign for mayor. “We’ll see. I won’t rule anything out,” he said, breaking into a smile. Former Lt. Gov. Anthony Brown Wins Md. U.S. House Seat BALTIMORE (WJZ/AP) — After losing his bid for the Governor’s mansion in 2014, Maryland’s former lieutenant governor Anthony G. Brown has made a political comeback by winning the race for the Maryland’s 4th Congressional District seat in the U.S. House of Representatives. The 4th district encompasses portions of Prince George’s County and Anne Arundel County. The seat was vacated by Rep. Donna Edwards, who lost her spring primary bid for a U.S. Senate to Chris Van Hollen. Republicans win 2 more years of House control Republicans retained their lock on the House for two more years early Wednesday as GOP candidates triumphed in a checkerboard of districts in Florida, Virginia and elsewhere that Democrats had hoped Donald Trump’s divisive comments about women and Hispanics would make their own. Democrats who’d envisioned big gains in suburban and ethnically diverse districts instead seemed on track for modest pickups. Republican contenders were buoyed by the GOP presidential candidate’s tight battle against Democrat Hillary Clinton. While expectations were nearly zero that Democrats would win the 30 seats they’d needed to capture House control for next year, both sides had anticipated they’d cut into the historic GOP majority by perhaps a dozen seats. Republicans currently hold a 247-188 majority, including three vacant seats, the most the GOP has commanded since their 270 in 1931. THE PATH FORWARD for 9 NOV 2016 President-elect, Donald J Trump made many promises during his campaign, and in his victory speech moments ago (at the time of this writing) that are important in healing the country. We must now hold him accountable to those promises as fervently as we supported his election. If he does what he says, and frankly, his ego is too big to fail, he will open the tent wider for the Republicans. He has changed the party he claims for the foreseeable future. This is the best benefit of the election. Imagine how strong the Republican elections will become if delivers on his inclusive message. You don't have to go to the inner-cities to see problems. You can look here on the peninsula and in Salisbury in particular. Fixing inner-cities is something that MUST be done. This will need to be a many pronged approach. Jobs, crackdowns on gangs and even in urban areas opening government run grocery stores to end food deserts in the cities. He promised to build the wall. This is good for all Americans. There are plenty of Mexican to American naturalized citizens who came here legally who support this. I knew several folks in my travels in Arizona who made that clear to me. But also made clear to me, is that they also want comprehensive immigration reform. This reform should include worker visas with close watch on expiration dates and strong penalties for those who violate their dates. Perhaps as strong as not issuing an offender a repeat or extended work visa. Rounding up illegal immigrant violent criminals is key to any immigration policy. They need to do time for their crime, and then be returned, (deported) to their home country. Repealing and replacing Obamacare is a key factor, but it must be done with great care, and continuation of coverage for people on this insurance until the replacement has been voted on, signed into law, and a total switch made. The ACA wasn't all bad, but there are better, and less expensive ways to accomplish the goal. Rebuilding the military. If we needed to go to war now we might not be ready. The wars in Iraq and Afghnistan took a toll on ours equipment. Battles in the sand have reduced our effectiveness because equipment has been waiting to be repaired. That equipment must be repaired, refurbished and be made ready to deploy is if the members of Congress lives depended on it. That way, our young men and women can have assurance their equipment will not fail them in time of need. Jobs. If Trump doesn't deliver there, he will devastate the country even further. He has experience creating jobs, and I believe he has the skill and knowledge to keep good policies and end bad policies. If he delivers on the promise to steel and coal, he will do much to bring the middle-class back. This means foreign trade deals that work for us and not against us. Theater. He needs to speak often to the American people. Those who had no problem with corruption at the highest levels in the country, need to be talked off the ledge. They need reminded of what we really are as Americans. What do you think President-elect Donald J Trump should do on his first day in office? What do you think he could do on Innauguration Day that would be impacting and set a tone? Please leave your comments below. Yours in the Constitution, This is Lexi, she’s an 8 week-old German Sheppard, I bought Lexi as a surprise for my wife but it turns out she is allergic to dogs so we are now looking to find her a new home. She is 59 years old, a beautiful and caring woman who drives, is a great cook and keeps a good house. Call day or night. Quarter Auction to Benefit the Maryland Food Bank Please join us at North Salisbury Elementary School on Thursday November 10th for a fun filled evening! Doors open at 6:00PM. The North Salisbury PTA will be selling pulled pork sandwiches, hot soup and snacks. The death of elitism Somewhere off U.S. 62 between Sharon, Pa., and Masory, Ohio, a sign reads, "You had your chance, it's our turn now." That homemade sign, located in the fault line of this election in the Mahoning Valley between Ohio and Pennsylvania, in all its simplicity found a way to capture the essence of this presidential cycle. In fact, it offered more insight into the discord between the American electorate and the governing elite than any pundit has been able to explain, let alone comprehend. In short, the biggest takeaway from this election no matter who wins is that we have witnessed the end of elitism. Maine Withdraws from Federal Refugee Resettlement Program Four Days Before Election Maine is withdrawing from the federal refugee resettlement program just four days before Election Day, WMTW in Portlandreports. “I have lost confidence in the federal government’s ability to safely and responsibly run the refugee program and no longer want the State of Maine associated with that shortcoming,” Gov. Paul LePage said in a letter sent to President Obama and released by his office late Friday. “The federal government has proven to be an unwilling partner with states in ensuring that refugee resettlement does not unduly put American lives at risk,” Le Page added in the letter. “I sincerely hope that the federal government will re-evaluate its current refugee policy — both the quantity and nation of origin of refugees it resettles and the vetting process they are subjected to — in order to best protect the safety and interests of the American people,” LePage wrote. Jan Brewer: 'Absolutely Shocking' for Obama to Suggest Illegal Alien Voter Fraud Will Be Ignored President Barack Obama’s Nov. 4 suggestion that voting by illegal aliens in the 2016 presidential election will not be investigated is “absolutely shocking,” says the former Republican Arizona Gov. Jan Brewer. “Shocking. Absolutely shocking,” Brewer said to TV host Neil Cavuto. Obama “should have absolutely set [the interviewer] straight that if you’re not a citizen, you don’t get to vote. And just because you’re in our country ‘undocumented,’ you’re not a citizen. The [Democrats] want to blur the lines.” Report: Laws to Protect Unaccompanied Minors Lead to Illegal Immigration, Gang Violence Nine in 10 MS-13 gang members taken into custody were illegal aliens Laws meant to protect unaccompanied minors who arrive in the United States lead to more illegal immigration and gang violence, according to a report from the Center for Immigration Studies. The William Wilberforce Trafficking Victims Reauthorization Protection Act of 2008 attempts to protect immigrant children from exploitation by calling for the Department of Health and Human Services secretary to place these children in a setting that is in their best physical and emotional interest. “The implementation of the law in place to protect unaccompanied minors coming to the United States, especially from Central America, from abuse and human trafficking has created problems for the children and for the communities in which they are placed,” the report said. “The unaccompanied alien children are often placed with sponsors who are in the United States illegally, with virtually no post-placement oversight by the federal government, exposing both the children and communities to increasingly profound waves of gang violence while perpetuating the illegal immigrant population.” Hilary Clinton Called Donald Trump to Concede Congratulation President-Elect Donald Trump and Vice President-Elect Mike Pence! A Viewer Writes: Thank You Joe, thank you for being a small voice against the mighty main steam media. Its people like you that make a difference in our democracy. This uprising of the american people could be the second American Revolution, and you and SBY NEWS was an integral part of this momentous event in american history. I want to be one of the first to personally thank you for all you do!!!! White Teacher Is Suspended For His Michael Jordan Costume…That He’s Been Wearing For 18 YEARS! A white teacher in Seattle has been put administrative leave for the costume he wore to school. A costume that he had worn for the last 18 years, and only now he’s been attacked by the socialist crybabies that the government is growing these days. Would you like to know what the costume was? He wore a rubber mask of Michael Jordan – which his scumbag students called cultural appropriation. Peter Colino, a math teacher at Ingraham High School, dressed up as Michael Jordan, using a rubber mask, the NBA star’s Chicago Bulls jersey, a sweatband and also wore black gloves. A video of Colino in the costume spread through the school quickly after it was shared on millennials favorite waste of time, Snapchat – but it also led to a parent complaining to the principal. The seasoned math teacher has since apologized to his students, but said he’s worn the same costume to the school for the last 18 years and asserts that his intent was to ‘honor’ Jordan, not cause these babies any offense, cause goodness knows they couldn’t handle it. One piece of work mother was apparently ‘floored’ when her son, who is black and a former student of Colino’s, sent her screenshots of him in the costume. ‘I couldn’t even believe the lapse of judgement, he was just disgusted. I was very grateful that he’s not in that man’s class anymore.’ Live Stream From Trump Headquarters Live Stream From Hillary Clinton Headquarters John Podesta is heading to the Clinton headquarters and will be making a speech. Hillary Clinton will NOT be heading to headquarters tonight. Los Angeles Airport Shooter Sentenced To Life in Prison The man who shot and killed a federal airport security screener and injured three others in a 2013 rampage at the Los Angeles International Airport was sentenced to life plus sixty years in prison without parole as part of a plea deal that spared him the possibility of the death penalty. Paul Anthony Ciancia, 26, had pleaded guilty earlier this year to the murder of Transportation Security Administration officer Gerardo Hernandez and ten other criminal counts. Hernandez, a father of two, is the first TSA agent killed in the line of duty. Ciancia was an unemployed motorcycle mechanic at the time of the shooting who had relocated to Los Angeles from New Jersey about 18 months earlier. Why processed food may cause bowel cancer Common additives used in every day foods including bread, margarine and sweets may be behind the huge rise in bowel cancer, scientists claim. Emulsifiers, which are added to most processed foods to aid texture and extend their shelf life, alter gut bacteria. Experts fear the additives may be creating higher amounts of bad bacteria, disrupting the healthy balance within the gut. This alteration causes inflammation within the intestine which provides tumours with a habitable environment to grow in, new research suggests. Governor Busted In Massive Voting Scheme For Hilla... Criminal Clinton Mafia allowed on ticket exposes S... Obama Admin Silent On Hillary Clinton Email Confer... Clinton Camp Worried About Fundraiser With 'Fraud'... Report: HuffPost to Remove 'Racist' Disclaimer on ... Liberal Media Treated Us As Stupid, Need I Say Mor... Putin Says He Will Try to Repair Ties With US Unde... Homebuilders Hit 8 Month Lows After 'Death Cross' ... Local Program Delivers Holiday Spirit to Lower Sho... U.S. Completes 22 Straight Years of Merchandise Tr... New Horse Riding Program Pairs Veterans, At-Risk I... FBI director James Comey lived like a king in one ... Jamaican man, 25, convicted of swindling MILLIONS ... If you thought that election was insane, wait unti... Most Hispanics back deportation, want immigration ... President Obama speaks about Donald J. Trump's ele... Watch as Hillary Clinton supporters react to Elect... Nevada Poll Workers Break Law: Caught Wearing 'Def... Canadian immigration website crashes as American v... Statement from Governor Larry Hogan on the Preside... District voters overwhelmingly approve referendum ... Former Lt. Gov. Anthony Brown Wins Md. U.S. House ... Maine Withdraws from Federal Refugee Resettlement ... Jan Brewer: 'Absolutely Shocking' for Obama to Sug... Report: Laws to Protect Unaccompanied Minors Lead ... White Teacher Is Suspended For His Michael Jordan ... Los Angeles Airport Shooter Sentenced To Life in P...	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line236
__label__wiki	0.95101	0.95101	Bitcoin fraud victim, 75, loses £11k in life savings Armando Iannucci on ‘colour-blind casting’ of David Copperfield and Brexit Does a milk advert show Harry and Meghan’s future? Spain clears up after winter storm kills four, causes power cuts What to expect in Trump’s impeachment trial Labour leadership: Nandy outlines ’empowering’ welfare system Home Houston News Dallas neighborhood established by freed slaves fights to keep its history alive Dallas neighborhood established by freed slaves fights to keep its history alive Posted By: Miguel Perez, KERA Newson: January 08, 2020 In: Houston News, International, Political Intelligence, Texas News, Texas Observer, World News Traffic moves along Interstate 30 east of downtown Dallas in November 2016. Brandon Formby/The Texas Tribune From Swiss Avenue to the West End, Dallas has many dutifully preserved historic districts. That status is meant to protect the look and feel of some of the city's oldest neighborhoods, but that hasn't been the case for Tenth Street, a historically black neighborhood just south of downtown. Despite its status as a historic district, the neighborhood’s history is fading. The National Trust for Historic Preservation even named Tenth Street one of the most endangered places in the country in 2019. Empty lots dot the streets on the pie-shaped piece of land. Many homes are abandoned, boarded up and smeared in spray paint. It’s been 60 years since Patricia Cox's home has gotten any serious repairs. "I need repiping, but some of the other homes might need a new roof or some need new flooring,” Cox said. The houses here have good bones, Cox said, but many have endured decades of neglect. Longtime resident Shaun Montgomery says it wasn’t always this way. "They were maintained, and they had beautiful lawns,” Montgomery said. “You don't see it now, but we loved it. We loved being in the neighborhood." A vibrant neighborhood hurt by public policies This part of Dallas was settled by freed slaves after the Civil War. By the 1900s, Tenth Street had become a vibrant community. The neighborhood, bound by segregation, had no choice but to sustain itself. Black doctors, lawyers and teachers set up offices in their homes. The Greater El Bethel Baptist Church stands alone on the corner of 9th and Cliff Streets. At its peak, the Tenth Street Historic District was home to several churches. Courtesy of Miguel Perez/KERA Montgomery pointed to one such home during a walk around the neighborhood. "This house belonged to Dr. Nathaniel Watts,” she said. “A lot of the doctors, African American, were not able to practice in the hospitals." By the 1950s, Tenth Street was feeling the strain of growth occurring across the city. In 1955, Interstate 35 bulldozed through Tenth Street, and dozens of homes were torn down to make way for construction. Cox said the neighborhood has never healed. "The freeway came right between and cut us off,” she said. “Instead of rebuilding, they just tore it down." Wealthy black families moved away in the 1960s, and an exodus of local businesses followed. Dallas mostly forgot about Tenth until 1993, when the city designated it a historic landmark. That designation was meant to protect Tenth Street, but Cox says the city’s done little to help residents preserve their homes. "It's not going to be an arm and a leg to redo some of the homes,” Cox said. “It's just a matter of wanting to, but the city saw fit to cut us off." Residents say a 2010 ordinance contributed to Tenth Street's decline by allowing the city to raze historic, but neglected, structures that are smaller than 3,000 square feet. Dozens of homes have been demolished since then. Residents sued the city in response. They say that rule discriminated against Tenth Street’s poorer, minority residents compared to the wealthier, white residents in other historic districts. “It’s hurtful that an area that has been around since the 1800s, you’re not putting in the same type of care and money,” Montogomery said. “But I guess we can’t go back to yesterday. We can only just push forward for the future.” A brighter future may be on the horizon In August, the Dallas City Council, led by councilwoman Carolyn King Arnold, voted to stop city-funded demolitions in Tenth Street — nearly a decade after the 2010 ordinance was passed. The neighborhood is part of Arnold's district. "They have been waiting for the city to fulfill the basic obligations of providing basic infrastructure,” Arnold said during a City Council meeting in August. “This is just the first step in fighting for a community that I know, and they don't want to be displaced or gentrified." A Victorian style home that sits on the edge of 9th Street in southern Dallas' Tenth Street Historic District. Courtesy of Miguel Perez/KERA Some council members, like Lee Kleinman, expressed concern over what to do next. "If there are properties there that are really beyond salvaging, we're just going to have to watch them continue to blight until we can get the owners to improve them,” Kleinman said during that same meeting. “If the city owns them, I'm not sure what we're supposed to do." In the meantime, the neighborhood's status as a landmark helps keep out overzealous developers by limiting what can be built in the area. Jorge Jasso, an attorney with Legal Aid of Northwest Texas, said if that designation is taken away, anything can be built in the neighborhood. “There's a lot of development going in and around the area, so if bigger homes are constructed, there's a potential danger for current residents to be displaced,” Jasso said. 'It's a double-edged sword' That historic designation may also be holding the neighborhood back. Norman Alston, a Dallas architect who specializes in historic preservation, says maintaining a historic structure — while worthwhile — can be daunting for potential homeowners. "We have a culture of ‘Why keep anything old?’” Alston said. “It's quicker, easier, better just to replace it." Cox says Tenth Street's history lives within the homes, so replacing them is not on the table. A marker from the Texas Historical Commission sits on the front lawn of N. W. Harllee Early Childhood Center. Many residents in the Tenth Street Historic District consider it the crown jewel of their neighborhood. Courtesy of Miguel Perez/KERA "We need to refurbish the homes that we have standing, not tear them down,” she said. “Either you repair your home or you sell it." Another roadblock for residents and potential homeowners alike is the nature of ownership on Tenth Street. Houses here are so old that many were passed on without wills. These houses, called heirship properties, are instead divvied up among surviving descendants. That can shut residents out of funding assistance programs that require proof of ownership, and Jasso said properties like these also make it hard for buyers to find all the owners and clear a home's title. "Since a lot of these titles are so clouded, a lot of developers won't want to buy into Tenth Street because it's so difficult,” Jasso said. “In a way, it's a double-edged sword because residents can't tap into resources, but it's also protecting it from the various pressures from outside." Tenth Street teeters on that double-edged sword — paralyzed in place without support. Still, community leaders like Cox are hopeful residents will not only keep their community but improve it too. "I see nice homes and beautiful gardens,” she said. “I see businesses. I think it would be like a star." Whatever path Tenth Street takes moving forward, community leaders like Cox say the history must be preserved. "I don't want it to be a museum, but I do want it to shine,” she said. “To be known that it was established in the 1800s, and that we're still standing." But, Tenth Street might not be standing for much longer if no one comes up with a solution soon. Texas' $7 billion plan to remake Houston highways once again targets homes, businesses in communities of color Amber Guyger trial highlighted why Dallas communities of color often distrust law enforcement How a decade of voting rights fights led to fewer redistricting safeguards for Texas voters of color US judge keeps block on immigration ‘public charge’ rule Ex-Obama officials challenge Trump’s ‘disgraceful’ claim about funding for Iranian rockets: ‘Another lie’ Miguel Perez, KERA News Bitcoin fraud victim, 75, loses £11k in life savings January 22, 2020 Armando Iannucci on ‘colour-blind casting’ of David Copperfield and Brexit January 22, 2020 Does a milk advert show Harry and Meghan’s future? January 22, 2020 Spain clears up after winter storm kills four, causes power cuts January 22, 2020 What to expect in Trump’s impeachment trial January 22, 2020 India’s Telangana to test facial recognition in local elections January 22, 2020 Labour leadership: Nandy outlines ’empowering’ welfare system January 22, 2020	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line240
__label__wiki	0.724713	0.724713	Randy & Roxanne Mills Co-Authored Articles Articles by Randy Articles by Roxanne An Almost Perfect Season Summer Wind: A Soldier's Road from Indiana to Vietnam By Randy & Roxanne Mills, Foreword by Gary E. May Summer Wind: A Soldier’s Road from Indiana to Vietnam, tells the heart breakingstory of Richard “Dick” Wolfe, a Princeton, Indiana, youth who was killed in action on January 6, 1968, in the now forgotten battle of Xom Bung. Wolfe’s story was preserved, however, in scores of letters sent to the family and friends from July 1967 to January of 1968. Dick Wolfe’s letters held little back and shed light on the complexities of an American army rifle company in Vietnam at the apex of the war, revealing the budding friendships and bonding among the thrown-together group of young American men of Alpha Company. Using these letters, and materials such as interviews, diary and journal entries, military reports, recorded air-to-ground conversations, newspaper articles, memoir pieces, and military history accounts, Randy and Roxanne Mills weave together a tale with the greatest amount of context, delivering an astounding awareness of the incredible stress of combat—both on the combatants and the “folks back home.” The story is a real-time chronicling of the impact of the war on all concerned—family, friends, and the community where Dick Wolfe grew up—written with a simple eloquence that puts flesh on the skeleton of understanding of war’s pervasive and lasting effects. Buy Now at: Amazon \| Barnes & Noble \| Books-A-Million \| Indie Bound Unexpected Journey: A Marine Corps Reserve Company in the Korean War By Randy & Roxanne Mills In the fifty years since the Korean War dominated America's headlines, the poor state of readiness of U.S. armed forces at the beginning of that conflict has faded from memory. Yet, in those early days of desperate combat-when victory and even survival were far from certain-many Americans were rapidly deployed to this new-found war zone, deplorably unprepared for the challenges that awaited them. By focusing on one unit-a Marine Corps Reserve company called to active duty with no warning and virtually no time to prepare-this meticulously researched and vividly presented account makes clear what these individuals faced and how they coped. This is a human story that takes the reader into the personal lives of the participants and provides a view of post-World War II American society. Through the lens of this detailed look at one company in a nearly forgotten war, important issues come into view that are relevant today. The efforts of the Marine Corps to remain adequately prepared for combat in a time when economic and political considerations mandate a military drawdown have particular relevance to current debates, and the trials and tribulations recounted here are rife with lessons for today's planners, trainers, and warriors. The authors have blended documentary research with newspaper accounts of the day, interviews with participants, personal correspondence, and diaries to reconstruct this amazing story of what happened when a group of young people from middle America were called upon to make an unexpected journey. Amazon \| Barnes & Noble \| Books-A-Million Honoring Those Who Paid the Price: Forgotten Voices from the Korean War By Randy Mills In December 1950 Donald Hamilton, a medic with the Eighth Army's Seventh Division, became trapped with the rest of his comrades under a fierce onslaught by Chinese troops at the Chosin Reservoir. As Hamilton prepared to escape to safety, he heard a fellow soldier scream for help. Disregarding a friend's plea not to return, Hamilton went back to offer aid. He was never seen again. Donald Hamilton is one of the 927 Hoosiers killed in the Korean War. The story of those who died, those who served, and the loved ones back home who struggled to understand the horrors of war are examined in this book. Randy K. Mills personally interviewed a number of Hoosier veterans of the war, reviewed letters from veterans to loved ones back home, perused local and national media accounts, and consulted definitive historical studies about the conflict. Troubled Hero: A Medal of Honor, Vietnam, and the War at Home Born in rural Illinois, Ken Kays was a country boy who flunked out of college and wound up serving as a medic in the Vietnam War. On May 7, 1970, after only 17 days in Vietnam and one day after joining a new platoon, the young medic found himself in a ferocious battle. As a conscientious objector, Kays did not carry any weapons, but his actions during that engagement would earn him the Congressional Medal of Honor. Kays’ valor came during just another unheralded fire fight near the end of a long and seemingly fruitless war. He returned home and, with other vets, struggled to reconcile his anti-war beliefs with what he and others had done in Vietnam. This dramatic and tragic story is a timely reminder of the price of war and the fragile comforts of peace. Jonathan Jennings: Indiana's First Governor (Indiana Biography Series) During the rough-and-tumble world of frontier Indiana politics, two men stood head and shoulders above their contemporaries—William Henry Harrison and Jonathan Jennings. Harrison, the hero of the Battle of Tippecanoe, established a powerful political machine as governor of the Indiana Territory and went on to become the ninth president of the United States. Jennings stood as Harrison’s biggest rival, leading the fight to keep slavery out of the Hoosier State. History, however, has not been kind to Jennings, who became Indiana’s first governor and served four terms in Congress. In this fourth volume of the Indiana Historical Society Press’s Indiana Biography Series, Randy K. Mills, noted historian and writer, has produced a groundbreaking look at Jennings, one of the nineteenth state’s most complex and fascinating figures. Mills details how Jennings worked his way up the state’s political ladder to become a hero of mythical stature to some, winning praise as "a young Hercules" and "the Colossus of Indiana," a champion of freedom and hero of the people. Jennings’s rise to the pinnacle of power in Indiana quickly turned to tragedy as he wrestled with alcoholism. By his death in 1832 at the relatively young age of fifty, Jennings had fallen far in the hearts and minds of the Hoosier public. For several decades, no gravestone marked Jennings’s final resting place. Using personal letters, official government records, and newspaper and diary accounts, this biography presents a more thorough and balanced assessment of Indiana’s first governor. The book also illuminates an important period in Indiana and American history as well, a time when "electioneering madness" played a major role in the life of the country. Amazon \| Barnes & Noble \| Indie Bound Christ Tasted Death for Every Man: The Story of America’s Frontier General Baptists By Randy Mills, Foreword by Dr. Douglas Low The story of a young preacher who moves with his wife and daughter from Kentucky to the frontier "pocket of Indiana" where he discovers a growing Baptist movement. His preaching skills are quickly noticed, and he becomes the pastor of a newly constituted church, a former arm of one of the oldest churches in the area. Problems soon arise, however. He comes to realize that he is not in Kentucky any longer and that the Baptist movement in frontier Indiana faces significant and difficult questions of identity and practice. In the heat of this struggle for identification, Benoni Stinson and the Baptists of the Pocket make decisions and take actions, the major concequences of which which no one could have foreseen in 1822. At the Eye of the Storm* *At the Eye of the Storm is a paperback edition of Unexpected Journey: A Marine Corps Reserve Company in the Korean War. Waltonville is counting on you to do Great Things In a Class of his Own Marshall Says He’ll Share His Car with you: The Story of my Family’s Romance with Cars Rod Stover on ‘An Almost Perfect Season’ Copyright © 2020 Randy & Roxanne Mills — Uptown Style WordPress theme by GoDaddy	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line244
__label__wiki	0.64714	0.64714	Drowning By Numbers – New Statesman The British film industry is a colony of Hollywood. If it is ever to have a life of its own, film-maker Tony Garnett argues, Britain has to subsidise it, as every comparable country does. Batman and Indiana Jones are smash-hit boffo biz movies. In their first weekend, in North America alone, the box office gross was $70 million. Over the years, these movies will return hundreds of millions of dollars to their distributors, Warner and Paramount. They were both made in Britain. Most of the Bond movies, which used to take tidy money, were made here too. British crews working in British studios: a world-class repository of skills. But are those movies British? We make Nissan cars here. Does that make them British? Does it matter? British workers assemble these products and sometimes even help to design them. But the investment, and therefore the ownership and control, comes from elsewhere. Does that make Britain sound like any other third-world country? Another way of looking at it is this. A hundred companies will soon dominate the planet A handful will be in effective control of the communication of ideas. Capital moves to where it can get a return. British workers are skilled and disciplined and prepared to work for low wages. So if they stay competitive with other countries like Spain or Mexico, some of this work will come their way. British capitalists tried to go it alone in this mass production of cars. They threw away hundreds of millions of pounds of hard-earned national wealth in failing. But isn’t the movie business different? We have always had talent. Must it work for Holly wood? First, we must understand what Hollywood is. It is not, of course, a place, although itÕs headquarters are all within a few miles of that sleazy tourist trap which gave its name to the industry. Hollywood is the collective term which signifies a particular way of telling stories. It has dominated the imagination and the market place of human mythology in the western world for most of the century. Hollywood is the distribution muscle and marketing expertise of a handful of companies. They are still called studios, but they are not primarily in the business of making movies. They often don’t get involved until after the movies are made. Lots of people can make movies. But only Paramount, Warner, Disney, Fox, Columbia, Universal. Orion and perhaps still MGM and United Artists have the skill and global reach to distribute them. The essence of the business is distribution. If you’ve got that, you can choose to make your own movies or have them made for you: the banks will stand in line to lend. If you don’t have a distribution machine, you are not in control of the game. You’re likely to make real money consistently. To set one up from scratch is now so expensive that you will probably go out of business. In the 1980s, the body count of those who’ve tried has been high. It is a marketplace where only the big boys should play. Small, specialist US distributors like New Line (Friday the 13th) and Miramax (Scandal) survive, but others, like Cannon, Vestron and Lorimar, behaved like fireworks: showy but short-lived. After they were gone, you wondered why anyone had thought they were worth the money. What else is Hollywood? It is the talent agencies, dominated by CM, William Moms and ICM. Their packaging of the main elements of a movie – actors, directors and screenplay – gives enormous leverage over the studios. It a small, tight network of a few hundred personalities, dominated by the few who can work the only magic which really counts: green light a movie. Each decision is a hair-raising throw of the dice. Add prints, advertising, other marketing costs, the interest on all that investment, and each one means a minimum of $20 million and upwards of $60 million a throw. From Joe Kennedy and the East Coast bankers in the 1930s, through Charles Bludhorn and the conglomerates in the 1960s, to Rupert Murdoch and the media giants of the 1980s, one rule has applied. Ownership passes from hand to hand, but global mass entertainment begins and ends in Hollywood. If you want to be in that business, as an owner or a worker, there is nowhere else. But it is not the only business to be in. Hollywood makes movies. In Europe, they make films. This is not a snobbish distinction. There are great movies and pretentious, bad films. In many a movie there is a film trying to escape. Occasionally, and gloriously, a single work is both. But Hollywood is not in the film business and Europe has never learned the movie trade. Britain, despite or maybe because of having been colonised by Hollywood, has never tried even to make films with any consistency. Since Balcon, the most successful attempts at sustained production have been Hammer Horror and the Carry On series. The reason is simple: every other comparable country supports its film industry with one form of subsidy or another, and Britain, for all practical purposes, does not. The small revival in the 1980s depended on one simple and long-overdue decision. Television, which had been financing films since the 1960s, but not allowing them to be shown in the cinemas, decided to invest in cinema films by pre-buying showings on television and taking an equity stake. Channel 4 at its inception, was not inhibited by traditional practices, and took this obvious but admirable step. It has enriched international, as well as national, cinema and brought credit to Britain. But its output is now reduced. Even adding the BBC’s late contribution (too little and too late), we are talking about life-support, not long-term vigorous health. The signs are not good. The government has stopped the ITV companies from siphoning off profits into film-making to avoid the Treasury levy and now new franchises are to go to the highest bidder. The ITV companies are acting like men who are to be hanged in the morning: it is concentrating their minds wonderfully. With their survival in question, why run the risk? Glossy co-productions of mini-series, perhaps; small-cost quiz and chat shows, certainly. But not many films. The few small US distributors which are still in business are reluctant to give substantial advances to small British films, most of which do not perform well theatrically. Video used to be a back-end protection, but the consumer now demands “A” titles from the major studios, with big stars, leaving less shelf-space for the small critical success. Production has been declining over the past four years. So here we go again. You have heard it all before. The British film industry, said by some not even to exist, always manages to be in crisis or terminal decline. Every few years a saviour appears in a burst of publicity. Then the headlines change to medical bulletins; at which point delegations create photo-opportunities in Whitehall. The leaders always look well-heeled and do a lot of self-righteous whining. They seem as credible as farmers pleading poverty. Would that they could be as successful with the begging bowl, but Tory MPs want to own land, not work in films. It is all very demeaning. Enter the Labour Party with measured, pre-precise proposals to put the whole business on a sound footing, once and for all. These may be the glory days of the Adam Smith Institute, but now is the time to prepare for office. You never know your luck. Search the new policy document, however, and all you will find are windy generalisations, long on rhetoric and short on concrete promises: Try. The arts are also an element of growing significance in the quality of our lives. That significance does not only lie in their basic function of providing entertainment and enjoyment, but reflecting and shaping the values of our society. Their role in voicing dissent, in challenging prevailing orthodoxies with unpopular or uncomfortable views, is essential. Nice one. Or: If our arts and leisure facilities are left solely to the mercies of the increasingly powerful multi-media companies, we will be selling ourselves and our culture short Rousing stuff. Go get ’em, Neil. And how about: É.the arts arid cultural industries are a large and expanding sector of the economy which can benefit disproportionately from government encouragement and support. The cultural industries account for between 5 and 6 per cent of all spending on goods and services – around £20 billion a year. I hope this includes films because the moving image is part of the communications business, the great growth industry of the next century. We work in the language which is set to dominate that business. If we choose to nourish and build upon what we have, the economic benefits will accumulate. A secure and expanding production base demands depths of skill and advanced equipment, which in turn act as magnets for producers internationally. We are the natural bridge between the US and the rest of Europe. Should we not be encouraging the traffic? We seem to be developing a new generation of creative entrepreneurs, capable of producing medium-budget movies, as well as small personal films. Having been supported by subsidies from TV, they are now becoming stronger and more confident, making the alliances with bigger foreign companies which can assure them development finance and sales. But marketplace logic dictates that all but the smallest films have to be made primarily for the US. Every indicator, both contemporary and historical, points to one conclusion: British film culture depends on continuing, consistent and predictable public subsidy. What is it about the British and the arts? It took nearly a century of lobbying to get a National Theatre. Opera and dance stagger from one crisis to the next. Money is given grudgingly to orchestras, museums and art galleries. But at least the principle is conceded. Films are different. Is it because they are thought to be mere entertainment and therefore undeserving, perhaps even unworthy? Or, being associated with pleasure, sinful? Of course there must be a balance between subsidy and the box office, or the artist loses touch with society. Throughout history there have been punishments for alienating the patron, which is why we need alternatives: a one-stop centralised Morrisonian solution would be bad for artist and audience alike. But it is demonstrably true, from just a glance at the history of the arts, that when work must please the majority in order to exist, it has less value. Great wine can be hard on the palate when new. Only the most discerning can forecast its eventual glory and even they sometimes get it wrong. So we need a tension between the support of artistic experiment and the perceived taste of the audience. Sounds familiar? It is the language of the civilised end of the debate on broadcasting from Pilkington until the Thatcher thugs moved tendentiously in. But the public service balancing act is still being attempted in television: negatively with quotas and other anti-dumping devices; and positively by public financing. The wolves are on the prowl. But even New Right fanatics dare not openly advocate the ultimate solution. Its historical strengths make British television a tough target. Our cinema, however, was colonised and overwhelmed by Hollywood at the beginning and never stood a chance. Can a Labour government be persuaded to give it one? We must assume that civil servants will whisper objections to ministers: this proposal contravenes the Treaty of Rome, that one stands no chance with a stony-faced Treasury. We must also assume that a minimalist approach will stand the best chance, initially at least Two modest proposals, costing the Treasury nothing, would underpin the industry. First, reactivate the Eady Levy on ticket sales; 10 per cent would deliver around £15 million. Second, impose a levy on the huge video market (at the wholesale level to simplify collection). A further £15 million. Some of it would be creamed off to a Nation Film Development Fund, some to film school and other worthy causes. The rest would go back to the producers, but with this difference in the French model, a credit would be give towards the next film. No one could walk away with the money. I don’t believe the customer would complain. The money ploughed back into production would increase choice. Overseas sales would contribute to the balance of payments. The credits awarded to foreign producers would have to be spent here, increasing employment. No tariffs, no protectionism, no inward-looking parochialism. Just a simple, cost-effective way of priming the pump. If Labour is elected, Neil Kinnock promises government which acts as an enabler. If none of these proposals, then which? If not any proposals, then why? Is there someone in Walworth Road who can tell us? EXPLORE THE WHOLE SITE	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line246
__label__cc	0.693224	0.306776	Treadmill Tourist Blog The Cotswolds - Timeless December 2, 2006 by Kathi Jacobs After spending a few weeks in October of 2003 in southeast England, walking the footpaths of the Darent River Valley, we thought we had a good idea of what the autumn was like in the English countryside. But since returning from our 2006 late-September trip to the Cotswolds, we have a newfound appreciation of yet another beautiful part of England. For my husband, driving on the wrong side of the road turned out to be even more difficult than he had expected, especially since the Brits have so many "round-abouts" and their traffic pattern in those rotaries goes to the left instead of the right. My job was to constantly remind Wayne to "Stay on the LEFT!" as he made turns. For anyone who is planning a trip to the UK, it would be a good idea to pay a little extra and rent an automatic drive. We opted for a straight-drive and soon discovered that everything is on the wrong side for an American driver: not only the driver's seat, but the gear shift and the rear-view mirror as well! Autumn was a good time to visit because the villages were not crowded with tourists, and in many cases we felt that we had the village to ourselves. We visited many of the larger, well-known villages but actually preferred the smaller ones off the beaten path. We were there for a week in the Cotswolds to film more episodes of our unique VITA European Treadmill Virtual Walk DVDs, designed to take the boredom out of the time spent on treadmills, Nordic Tracks, and exercise bikes. During the past 5 years, Wayne and I have traveled extensively in Italy and the United Kingdom filming these Treadmill Virtual Walks and are constantly searching for picturesque locales to film additional walks. The tiny village in which we stayed for a week, Stretton-on-Fosse, had the most awe-inspiring night skies imaginable. Since we were so far removed from cities of any size, each night the sky would become inky black, and millions and millions of stars would be twinkling against this sea of black - more stars than we had ever seen before. It's easy to understand why the early inhabitants of England built structures like Stonehenge and the Rollright Stones (above) - if one could look at a sky like that every night, one would realize there was something truly mysterious about the universe. The villages in the Cotswolds are used again and again in television programs and motion pictures. The Rollright Stones (above) location was used in an episode of the BBC hit TV series, "Father Brown." The Cotswolds were somewhat of a surprise because they turned out to be even more picturesque than we had hoped. We read a number of books on the area before our trip and knew that this part of England was officially recognized as an "Area of Natural Beauty." What an understatement! Each village we visited during our busy week was clean and well-tended, with magnificent flower gardens in front of small stone cottages. We soon decided that the climate, with its frequent rain and indirect sunlight from cloudy skies, was responsible for making the gardens and window boxes so beautiful. One day, while filming in the little village of Upper Slaughter, we encountered a hand-painted sign on the walkway to the entrance which simply said, “Flowers in Church." Entering the church of St. Peter, we were greeted with such a profusion of flowers that we assumed a wedding had just been held a few days earlier. In fact, the ladies of the village periodically adorn the church with flowers from their gardens. Throughout the Cotswolds, Wayne and I saw a common thread: the cottages, large and small, were constructed with the distinctive "honey-colored" limestone from local quarries. And each village, no matter how small, had an impressive stone church, usually in some way connected to the lucrative sheep and wool trade which was thriving here during Medieval times. We spent most days walking the Cotswold Way and filming more of our VITA Virtual Walk Videos. For locals, walking in the Cotswolds is more than an idle pastime; it is a passion. Every village has walking paths branching out from the center, and we encountered people of every age along the trails. The number of elderly walkers pleasantly surprised us: with a cane to steady themselves, they were off on a four-to-seven mile walk. What a wonderful way to stay active! We often packed picnic lunches which we ate while leaning over fences and admiring the sheep, cattle, and pheasants roaming about. Everyone we met along the trails offered a friendly greeting. Our first full day in the Cotswolds ended with a wonderful dinner at a pub in Chipping Campden, with families all around us. We also enjoyed shopping at the Tuesday open street market in Moreton-in-Marsh (sort of an outdoor department store that's only open one day a week); having tea in the old mill near Arlington Row in Bibury (above);... ... walking across Sir James Barrie's (author of "Peter Pan") cricket field (above), also used as a filming location for "Father Brown," outside the village of Stanway; and a visit to the village of Tetbury near Highgrove, where Charles, the Prince of Wales, has his private estate. Everyone with whom we talked suggested that we should visit the village of Castle Combe, located on the extreme southern edge of the Cotswolds. Setting off for that destination toward the end of our week, we planned on spending only about an hour and then going on to film in the city of Bath. The village, nestled in a valley which time seems to have forgotten, was pure magic - it had been the setting of several movies shot there (the original Doctor Dolittle, Stardust, and even Stephen Spielberg's War Horse.) We ended up spending most of the day in Castle Combe, where we were invited into two private homes. The first invitation occurred while Wayne was photographing this beautiful old door (above, lower left) to a lovely small stone cottage. Wayne had just taken the picture when the door opened and he found himself two feet away from the cottage's owner. He apologized and then complimented her on the beautiful door when, to our surprise, she said, "Would you like to come in and see the cottage?" Pat, the owner, spent the next 45 minutes giving us a delightful tour of her lovely historic cottage built in 1662 - she even introduced us to the two resident horseshoe bats in her garden shed. After leaving Pat's cottage and venturing up the hill, we next met Mac, the resident village historian, who invited us into his cottage and gave us a running commentary on the village, both past and present. The memories of our visit to Castle Combe are so magical I fear that, like Brigadoon, the village may not be there when we return. After a week, we realized that we had just barely scratched the surface of the Cotswolds but it was time to travel to our next shooting location, Paris. We definitely plan to go back to the Cotswolds soon. And perhaps, if we are in luck, as we are photographing a doorway, the door will open and we will meet a new friend along our journey. About the Author - Kathi Jacobs and her husband, Wayne, are the owners of VITA Digital Productions, a video production company specializing in creating Virtual Walks, Virtual Jogs, Virtual Cycling Scenery, and Virtual Cruises on scenic rivers. With over 50 different Virtual Experience Videos to choose from on vitadvds.com, VITA Digital Productions is the leading producer of Virtual Experience Videos in the world. Did You Know That... Your Treadmill can take you to scenic and historic locations all over the world? To famous cities like Rome, Paris, London, Venice, and Florence? To picturesque villages in England, France, Greece, and Italy? To lush green forests in Ireland, Devon, Florida, Hawaii, and the Caribbean? So step onto your Treadmill and Explore the World! VITA Digital Productions' mission is to continue to explore the realm of Virtual Experience Videos and to expand our extensive catalog of High and Ultra High (4K) Definition Video Stock Footage of Europe. VITA Digital Productions, having already passed the milestone of offering over 50 different Virtual Experience Videos and DVDs, has now set the ambitious goal of offering to our Customers 100 different video titles so that our company will continue to be the World's Leading Producer of Virtual Experience Videos and DVDs. Our Most Recent Releases Caribbean Nature Walk - Explore Forests in Cozumel and Honduras. Florence Walking Tour - Birthplace of the Renaissance and home of Michelangelo. Medieval Viterbo Walk - An Italian city frozen in time. Appalachian Trail Walk - Take a hike in the Great Smoky Mountains. So order your HD Download or DVD today! Copyright © 2018 VITA DIGITAL PRODUCTIONS - All Rights Reserved - vitadigitalproductions.com	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line247
__label__wiki	0.516119	0.516119	Filters: kristen stewart Clear All Harper's Bazaar Outtakes ROBERT AND KRISTEN DRESSED TO IMPRESS submitted by liridonarama96 eclipse choice submitted by bussi eclipse - training kstew wolpeyper submitted by fatoshleo madami pictures from last night UK Gala Premiere Outside Arrivals submitted by julesb666 Kristen Stewert submitted by CullenProperty Bella, Cullens and Wolfs submitted by MizzChelsealynn POSER Cullen submitted by thegogetter Twilight VMA 2009 submitted by bruninhamaia My Twilight Collage :) ♥ submitted by ellietwilight12 New pic from eclipse after party (RobSten) submitted by shelly_fanpire New Picture From the Eclipse After Party New/Old Pictures From Montepulciano on the Set of New Moon Rob and Kristen in Cosmopolitan (August 2010) - Scan submitted by velvet87 NEW Pictures From The 'Eclipse' Premiere Let's halik madami submitted by edwardcarlisle ~Edward & Bella~ submitted by teamedward4evr ~Breaking Dawn~ ~Eclipse~ ~E & B~ ~Edward & Bella classic~ New tagahanga Pictures from the 'Eclipse Premiere'' ~Edward & Bella BD~ ~E&B~ Robert Pattinson and Kristen Stewart Get Cozy on Set submitted by ania2612 madami pictures of Rob’s visit with Kristen. submitted by Asia_04 Kristen et Rob' at Montreal submitted by teamxxxtwilight picture of Kristen on the set of OTR New Rob and Kristen Picture with fans in Montreal Robsten!!!S2 submitted by fanpireslovers 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 Who sinabi this- "Ah, Edward. I've missed you." from quotes.	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line251
__label__wiki	0.99105	0.99105	Satanists want statue beside Ten Commandments monument at Oklahoma Legislature Sunday Dec 8, 2013 1:23 PM Sean Murphy / AP file A Ten Commandments monument erected outside the Oklahoma state Capitol is shown in November 2012. By Sean Murphy, The Associated Press OKLAHOMA CITY -- In their zeal to tout their faith in the public square, conservatives in Oklahoma may have unwittingly opened the door to a wide range of religious groups, including satanists who are seeking to put their own statue next to a Ten Commandments monument on the Statehouse steps. The Republican-controlled Legislature in this state known as the buckle of the Bible Belt authorized the privately funded Ten Commandments monument in 2009, and it was placed on the Capitol grounds last year despite criticism from legal experts who questioned its constitutionality. The Oklahoma chapter of the American Civil Liberties Union has filed a lawsuit seeking its removal. But the New York-based Satanic Temple saw an opportunity. It notified the state's Capitol Preservation Commission that it wants to donate a monument and plans to submit one of several possible designs this month, said Lucien Greaves, a spokesman for the temple. "We believe that all monuments should be in good taste and consistent with community standards," Greaves wrote in letter to state officials. "Our proposed monument, as an homage to the historic/literary Satan, will certainly abide by these guidelines." Greaves said one potential design involves a pentagram, a satanic symbol, while another is meant to be an interactive display for children. He said he expects the monument, if approved by Oklahoma officials, would cost about $20,000. Rep. Mike Ritze, R-Broken Arrow, who spearheaded the push for the Ten Commandments monument and whose family helped pay the $10,000 for its construction, declined to comment on the Satanic Temple's effort, but Greaves credited Ritze for opening the door to the group's proposal. "He's helping a satanic agenda grow more than any of us possibly could," Greaves said. "You don't walk around and see too many satanic temples around, but when you open the door to public spaces for us, that's when you're going to see us." The Oklahoma Legislature has taken other steps that many believe blur the line that divides church and state. The House speaker said he wants to build a chapel inside the Capitol to celebrate Oklahoma's "Judeo-Christian heritage." Several lawmakers have said they want to allow nativity scenes and other religious-themed symbols in public schools. Rep. Bobby Cleveland, who plans to introduce a one such bill next year, said many Christians feel they are under attack as a result of political correctness. He dismissed the notion of Satanists erecting a monument at the Capitol. "I think these Satanists are a different group," Cleveland, R-Slaughterville, said. "You put them under the nut category." Brady Henderson, legal director for ACLU Oklahoma, said if state officials allow one type of religious expression, they must allow alternative forms of expression, although he said a better solution might be to allow none at all on state property. "We would prefer to see Oklahoma's government officials work to faithfully serve our communities and improve the lives of Oklahomans instead of erecting granite monuments to show us all how righteous they are," Henderson said. "But if the Ten Commandments, with its overtly Christian message, is allowed to stay at the Capitol, the Satanic Temple's proposed monument cannot be rejected because of its different religious viewpoint."	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line253
__label__cc	0.706305	0.293695	the art of NO AFTER THE VERY LAST LIVE SHOW IN SF a girl came up to me and said she liked the sound of the tea kettle boiling at the end... i'm not sure if she meant it as a compliment or an insult, but it's actually hilarious cuz THE VERY FIRST LIVE SHOW IN SF i took part in was at kimo's, 1998. my friend gabe's experimental noise band was onstage and invited people to come up and scream in the mic, so chupa and i ran up there and did just that. behind us was a single burner with a kettle slowly coming to a boil, and of course, you can imagine the climax. yup. it made me want a cup of tea. a mere 16 years later at submission, playing to my "draw" of next to none, as my usual draw over the last decade and a half has consisted of the guy i was currently fucking and maybe one other friend. however, having just celebrated my 4th SAN(e)niversary of Embracing Hopelessness in which i gave up sex + relationships, i have also recently ceased instigating conversations with people who talk to me as if i'm a cardboard cutout of a very scary monster and not a person, so you do the math. it's important to note, shows have never been about "blowing up" for me, i usually prefer smaller crowds so i don't shit myself, but also because it has nothing to do with money or rock star whatever, over the years, it has moved more and more into the realm of devotional, an act done in reverence for the activity itself, cuz there is nothing else quite like that feeling of Being In The River. 20 minutes in, i hit room tone. i have never hit room tone at this level of massively loud with a sweetly balanced korg analogue synth signal before ~ and OOOOOOOHHHHHH MMMYYYY GGUUUUUUUUUDDDDDD.........for a long series of moments, i sat there feeling all things vibrating themselves apart in that bass frequency. i was sure everyone's solar plexus felt the same as mine, but i was so in love with Sound at that moment, i wouldn't have noticed anyone or anything else in the room...... other than a couple former coworkers and the girl who asked me to come and play the show (wanted to tell her thanks for inviting me, but she left while i was packing up gear) so, with all the people i knew gone already, in this roomful of strangers, i entertained myself with thoughts of this being My Big Going Away Party. then i saw my roommate/landlord come in, the One person who hates my existence to such an extent it has made life at bleakhaus into an absurd french film most of the time. it's hard to be in spaces where there was once so much joy and light and see it now filled only with darkness and derision. but since my role as the scapegoat/common enemy will of course, have to be filled by someone else once i leave, i'd hate to see how that pans out. it's become a mental mantra, the image of Escaping this Trap of Stagnation, finally being free from the demon-like infestation of all things and people evil. So many objects are marked for sacrifice in the beach bonfire i will build during the upcoming solar eclipse. due to the fact that i am "such a downer", this thought of This Is My Life Slash Big Going Away Party was at a level of depressing so deep down in the gorge of abysmal after living here for 20 years, that it was instantly fucking hilarious!! so i laughed a lot with my monumentally melodramatic abandonment issues -- who were now joined by my Total Defiance Of Men Who Want Me To Fuckin Die If I'm Not Gonna Do Whatever For Them -- and schlepped my shit home down mission street, giggling most of the way. i am sure i have never felt so alone in my life, but am weirdly ok with it...it's so...weird. the best part of the night was the sound guy K2, who answered my technical question without the slightest hint of condescension or arrogance and made the entire experience so much more pleasurable by helping me LEARN SOMETHING...and i like learning things. i especially like when other people actually HELP me learn things instead of hoarding knowledge or intentionally misleading my unending curiosities.....curiosities that have never killed any cats in the past, curiosities that keep me just interested in life enough to stop me from jumping off the golden gate bridge, which is good, i think. though some others might disagree. but when i do fiddle with thoughts of suicide, doing the things i am afraid to do in life always seem like an easier option to deal with -- cuz ultimately, It Doesn't Matter if i decide to go there or stay here, or live now and die later, or cut bait or switch, cuz in every single scenario of every decision made ever, all that results from anything is: YOU + DEALING WITH = THIS. unfortunately, i had the formula backwards all these years - i always expected the best out of people and was constantly disappointed, but expected shit from situations and usually got shit, so at some point, it finally dawned on me that i need to flip that around - and stop expecting anything from people, and instead only expect good things from choices and changes and situations in life i can manifest for myself. reactions to reality you can control, but why waste time thinking another person can or should be influenced by your control? how up-yer-own ass would you have to be to think you need to control someone else's decisions in life? when i think back on dudes that i knew had crushes on me, and had that notion for a minute, "i could probably get him to do ____ for me" but within 10 seconds, i felt sick and knew that mindset is against my nature. the mindset of GET. it's all we do most of the time, it's what capitalism has turned us into, animals that have to GET GET GET. never GIVE. (funny thing for a "shady junkie" to say, huh? yup, folks know me SOOOOO well....cuz they've all spent SOOOOOO much time hanging out with me......HA HA HA) ..... so after having been on the other end of the GETTING stick for so long with my Obvious Dumb Girl Crushes on dudes that would then use me for this and that, and show off my gullible loyalty for shits & giggles - i always wondered how the fuck a person could do that to someone else and still be able to sleep at night? and i NEVER wanna be on the receiving end of the OVERGIVING stick either -- cuz it SUX BAWLZ having to say in 8 million different ways that get increasingly harsh with each non-listened to version "I AM NOT INTO YOU LIKE THAT, I DO NOT HAVE ANY SEXUAL ATTRACTION TOWARD YOU (or anyone for that matter) & I DO NOT WANT TO BE YOUR GF, OR ANY OTHER THING LIKE THAT." playing any kind of game with other people's emotions seems so heartless and honestly, DANGEROUS. no good can possibly come of it, so what is the fucking point of it? it's thoughts like these about people's behavior that make me SO FUCKING GRATEFUL FOR MUSIC & ART, that i can spend endless hours engaged in playful activities that do not allow space in my brain to know how to Play People. i heard a hipster douchebag walking down the street the other day say to his coworker/friend, "yeah, that guy is SO SENSITIVE about everything, it makes it Really Easy to Make Fun Of Him..." so i guess that IS the goal for most "well-adjusted" individuals...entertain yourself and others by attacking the sensitive - who has almost always been attacked since day one, thus the sensitivity. ugh. gross. and boring. it's no wonder people go on killing sprees when the bullshit in the sandbox NEVER GOES AWAY throughout adulthood and yer stuck dealing with the same 4th grade shit post 40 yrs old.... but since i do not understand why people do or say the things they do 99% of the time, trying to figure out Other People would be fantastically futile....and that's when i say out loud to myself in one of several thick accents, "Sometimes, it's OK TO NOT UNDERSTAND" or in Hal's computer voice, "This Conversation Serves No Greater Purpose, DAVE" or in a (nothing like) Christopher Walken voice "Forget about it ~~ Now It's The Year For People-Free Thinking" whereupon i will engage in learning how to focus all this never-ending rage i have for society in general & the raping of planet earth by corporate greed into consciousness, activism, lucidity, in communion with music and art, off in my own space, making time sacred. you won't need my cell phone number because i know you will never call me. also it does not exist. and please californian confrontation-phobics, try to learn how to say NO. it really is ok. no one is going to shoot you, or hate you. they might even like you better. it's respectful to say NO, in fact, because it doesn't waste anyone's time, and others can make informed decisions when they know you are NOT gonna do whatever they're waiting for you to do. once you start saying NO it's hard to stop, cuz it feels so much better to not fuck around with yourself or anyone else. NO has made life more POSITIVE, more DIRECT, less higglety-pigglety, less fearful, less lame... NO is a GOOD THING. and thank you, i'm glad you came all this way. u can call me ph! tags curiosity, embracing hopelessness, infestation evil, landlord, NO, room tone, sacred time, sound guy, submission, suicide PUT EM UP!!! saw this hilarious and inspiring performance by Bridget Everett and Dj Ad Rock on Inside Amy Schumer and decided to turn it into an mp3 to take on the road with me for those low moments of wondering why I exist - cuz so many of us lacked the presence of that strong woman in our lives to tell us "Fuck Em, Don't Be Ashamed, Be Who You Are!" in fact, some of us not only receive very little support from our mothers, we are often encouraged to instead Hide Ourselves, Dumb Ourselves Down and Be Less Visible for the sake of pleasing the men that would have us. on my last visit to see my parents, my mom shuffled around serving my father while he insulted her intelligence approximately once every 20 minutes. every time he did that, incredulously, i'd look at her, like Are You Gonna Take That? and she would sigh, shooting me a glance of poor me... having been removed from this environment, i'd forgotten how prevalent was this air of brow beating and the resulting acclimated victimization, which obviously never bothered her enough to DO anything about it for the last 50 years of their marriage, so why was she looking at me with these pleading Save Me eyes? as if i could do anything about the choices she made in her life. YOU GET WHAT YOU SETTLE FOR : a personal mantra & life altering reality check that works every time. as soon as i left their presence, i could breathe again and immediately decided not to see them again. it's taken more than 20 years to process/heal the damage done to my ability to successfully function in society, and to feel complete forgiveness toward my father. to some degree, he was just repeating the treatment he was exposed to as a child, and that is certainly no excuse, but it does warrant an explanation as to why he would violently beat and sexually molest his children. why adults of abuse choose to even HAVE children, i don't fucking know. so now that i've finally cleared away all of the rage i had concerning The Dad The Fist The Dick, underneath that lies this other beast: the rage for the mother and why she did nothing to protect us, not before the abuse, not during, and not after. what the fuck is her excuse??? apparently, in 1976, my father attempted to get psychological help immediately after the first incident of the sexual abuse occurred and spoke to my mother about it, but she said not to worry, that everything would be ok. in 1991, she said she regrets having said that to my dad. in 2005, she then said she regrets marrying him, she regrets leaving england, and she regrets giving birth to my brother and me. i think if i can reach the age of 60 and not scream out a list of regrets like that one, then i'm doing ok. one of my earliest memories is being at a doctor's office in germany due to an ear infection and screaming for her to stop this guy in a white coat from hurting me with those things he's poking into my ears, and she just stood there, looking at me... the same way she would just stand there looking at me during every violent beating throughout my childhood. when i recalled this memory, she said, "that's impossible, how can you remember that? you were only a 18 months old..." so could her excuse be something as simple as the fact that she just never loved me since birth? shrug. it happens. i can actually understand that, and i think if she ever had the courage to tell me the truth, instead of coating everything in sugary denial, i could garner some shred of respect for the woman. but that will never happen. and the closest i've come to forgiving her is to knowingly decide it's not up to me to tell her the truth, or to even tell her anything at all, i can instead just let her live in the peace that her sweet denial and quiet consensual victimhood give her. it's sad to say, but i actually found great relief in discovering that this kind of relationship is most often the case with female survivors of sexual abuse and their mothers. it's actually more common that mothers will knowlingly expose their daughters to permanent damage rather than find the strength to leave their abusive husbands. [sometimes, if the mother is also being beaten, she doesn't leave because she believes there is no way out, that he will find them and kill her and her children, and too often, this ends up being the case.] but the fact that mothers are also more likely to view their own daughters as sexual threats - seriously..?. as if any 5 year old girl has the desire to fuck her dad...??! UGH. i think NOT. so, it's like we're fucked from day one, and when we turn to other women for support, but get MORE of the competitive you're-a-threat-to-my-being-the-most-desirable-object-in-the-room-and-now-i-will-be-a-back-stabbing-bitch-and-throw-you-under-the-bus attitude from female "friends" throughout the rest of our lives, it's not entirely a surprise to us since our moms did that shit to us already. cunts. one night, in upstate new york in the winter of 1980, my mother woke my brother and me up at 4 am, and told us to get in the car. she had decided enough was enough and said she was taking us to live with our grandparents in england. we were both ECSTATIC~! finally, our mom was going to do something to protect us! just before getting on the highway, she pulled into a burger king parking lot, turned off the car and started crying. my brother and i just sat quietly in the back seat waiting... she stopped crying. no one said anything. after about 10 minutes, she started the car. at the stop light, straight ahead was the highway, she turned right, and drove us back to that house. at that moment, my brother and i grasped each other's hands with a feeling of the darkest, most utterly inescapable despair, knowing there would be years of this shit to live through with no one on our side, no one to protect us, no one to tell us we should not be ashamed of being alive. so yeah, i have been one aggro fucker for a very long time, but now that i am aware of the exact time and place in which that rage was born, that pure defiance of the weak victimized woman who would do anything for her man - even at the cost of her own children, and why the instant trigger finger whenever belittlement enters the picture... it's a lot easier to attempt let go of the aggression and rage when you know where they come from...but i am still trying... emotionally, i think this is why i was able to connect with the 4 to 6 Muwekma Ohlone women that were killed on this spot of land on which bleakhaus sits ~ circa 1770-1812 during the gentrification "settlement" of white san francisco and subsequent enslaving and genocide of the Muwekma Ohlone tribes. when it was first established in san francisco, the mission kept native women as slaves having killed off most of the men through violence and disease. if women attempted to escape, they were often captured by other members of their tribe who were convinced assimilation would work and forced the captured slaves to then turn around, and go back to the mission. that turning back to the place of torture by those that are supposed to be on your side. that darkness and utterly inescapable despair, i understood it. although, i was not forced to witness the near total annihilation of 4000 years of my people's culture, religion and language, and it was then i could emotionally grasp the depth of their sadness... and...THERE ARE NO WORDS. but i had to act on it...and since i don't possess the language skills or felt i had the right to address them, i relayed all of the details of this experience to the remaining descendants of the local tribe in hopes that they would not think i am crazy, but instead could perform the appropriate ritual to free their souls from this place. so whenever i hear people loudly say Be Proud Of Who You Are, i instantly start crying tears of joy, just like i do when someone small wins something big or simply succeeds at anything great. i love that feeling of being told that It's Ok You Exist! it goes straight through me, straight through to the only ones who are telling me things like that...but they are not people at all...they are The Moon, The Music, The Wind and The Water. tags ad rock, amy schumer, be who you are, bridget everett, it's ok you exist, mothers of incest survivors, muwekma ohlone, sexual threat	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line256
__label__cc	0.648169	0.351831	Episode 68: NerdGames Subscribe to this show: This week is a bumper episode with feedback from MCM London Comic Con, the UK Games Expo, reviews of X-Men Apocalypse and much more. http://www.mcmcomiccon.com/ - For more details on MCM Comic Con https://www.ukgamesexpo.co.uk/ - For the UK Games Expo https://www.facebook.com/Wot9r/ - for news on "War of the Nine Realms" by Wotan, ahead of the their kickstarter launch http://battleofthebandscardgame.com/ - Subscribe to be kept up to date with kickstarter news for "Battle of the Bands" https://ospreypublishing.com/odin-s-ravens - The Award Winning "Odin's Ravens" from Osprey Games http://www.brain-games.com/#!ice-cool/sq2xp - The Award Winning "Ice Cool" from Brain Games http://www.backspindlegames.com/ - For more info on "Codinca" and "Clacks" http://gen42.com/ - For more info on "Tatsu" http://bigpotato.co.uk/ - A whole host of games worth checking out from these guys, including "Obama Llama" As always you can find us on facebook: http://www.facebook.com/nerdvworld Or follow us on twitter: Brendan: http://www.twitter.com/NerdVsWorld Spindles: http://www.twitter.com/spindlyone Until next time, Take care and be excellent to each other. Submitted by Spindles on Sat, 11/06/2016 - 12:05 Sign in or sign up to join the conversation Episode 91 - Things to do in Denver when you're Nerd. Hola Internet, on this week's show, we talk about all the shiny new movies we've got to look forward to this year, round up our favourites of the current crop of TV shows, review Three Billboards... Episode 56: Saturday Nerd Fever This week is all about Marvel's Jessica Jones. Well... Mostly... Brendan and Spindles have just about recovered from binge watching the entire series and talk over the events of the series itself as...	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line261
__label__wiki	0.857668	0.857668	Harry Potter Expert at Baylor University Is Available to Talk About Final Potter Film, Which Premieres July 15 5-Jul-2011 9:00 AM EDT Feature Expert Arts and Entertainment, Harry Potter - Hidden Harry Potter, the Deathly Hallows film, hermione, One Fine Potion, Greg Garret Newswise — The award-winning author of One Fine Potion: The Literary Magic of Harry Potter says the final film in the Harry Potter series, which premieres in theaters July 15, marks "the end of an era." The film Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows, Part 2 will be "one last magical moment," said Dr. Greg Garrett, a professor of English at Baylor University who writes about culture, politics and religion. “For all of us who have loved the books, or the movies, or both, we’ll never again have such an excuse to be a community gathered around Harry and his story," Garrett said. "His courage and self-sacrifice have made us want to be braver people. His friendships with people like Ron and Hermione have made us want to be better friends. And his compassion for people who were marginal — or in this last film, even for his enemies — has made us want to be more compassionate people.” The Potter movie is the last entry in the most popular film series of all time (out-grossing Star Wars and the James Bond films), drawn from the most popular fiction of all time. The story and characters have shaped the lives of Harry Potter fans, Garrett said. They have been so popular in book and film form because they dramatize many of people’s deepest concerns. “In a world where we’re told we need to be individuals looking out for ourselves only, Harry and those around him constantly put others first,” Garrett said. “In a world where we’re told we need to be meaner than our enemies, Harry shows us the power of compassion and nonviolence. And in a world where we’re constantly bombarded by images and stories that threaten to break us down, Harry’s life reminds us the importance of hope in a better future.” Ultimately, stories such as Harry’s make it possible for us to live in our own stories more wisely, he said. Garrett teaches creative writing, film, literature and theology at Baylor. He is the author of The Other Jesus, We Get to Carry Each Other: The Gospel according to U2, The Gospel according to Hollywood, Holy Superheroes, Stories from the Edge: A Theology of Grief, and One Fine Potion. He is also the author of the critically-acclaimed novels Free Bird (chosen by Publishers Weekly and the Rocky Mountain News as one of the most promising fiction debuts of 2002), Cycling, and Shame, and the memoirs Crossing Myself and No Idea. A columnist for Patheos, Garrett is also a featured blogger for The Christian Century at theotherjesus.com. He is a past winner of the Pirate's Alley William Faulkner Prize for Fiction and a CASE Gold Medal for Nonfiction, and is a member of the Texas Institute of Letters. ABOUT BAYLORBaylor University is a private Christian university and a nationally ranked research institution, classified as such with “high research activity” by the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching. The university provides a vibrant campus community for approximately 15,000 students by blending interdisciplinary research with an international reputation for educational excellence and a faculty commitment to teaching and scholarship. Chartered in 1845 by the Republic of Texas through the efforts of Baptist pioneers, Baylor is the oldest, continually operating university in Texas. Located in Waco, Texas, Baylor welcomes students from all 50 states and more than 80 countries to study a broad range of degrees among its 11 nationally recognized academic divisions.	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line263
__label__wiki	0.503392	0.503392	WILTON RANCHERIA PRAISES GOVERNOR’S PROCLAMATION DECLARING OCTOBER 14 2019, “INDIGENOUS PEOPLE’S DAY” ELK GROVE, CA.—OCT. 14—Wilton Rancheria Chairman Raymond C. Hitchcock on Monday praised California Gov. Gavin Newsom for declaring October 14, 2019, “Indigenous People’s Day” in California. “We commend Gov. Newsom for declaring today ‘Indigenous People’s Day’ in California,” said Raymond C. Hitchcock, Chairman of the Wilton Rancheria Tribe in Elk Grove. “In making this unprecedented proclamation, he is recognizing the original Americans and celebrating our contributions, while raising awareness of the suffering and hardships that native peoples have endured.” Here is Gov. Newsom’s proclamation: Instead of commemorating conquest today, we recognize resilience. For the first time in California state history, we proclaim today as Indigenous Peoples’ Day. Home to one of the largest and most diverse populations of indigenous peoples anywhere in the United States, California is a better, stronger and more vibrant place because of them. Since time immemorial, peoples indigenous to the lands we now call California have built communities, fostered cultures and stewarded the land sustainably. As federal policies forced the mass relocation of Native Americans westward from their ancestral homelands, Native American peoples found community in places like Oakland and Los Angeles, where they came together to support each other and share across cultures. And, while some California Native American communities were divided by borders, many indigenous peoples in California today crossed borders and oceans, bringing the strengths of indigenous peoples from all over the world to California. In making this proclamation, we pay respect to the cultures and populations that existed long before European contact. We celebrate the contributions of all indigenous peoples to the culture of diversity, innovation and resilience that has marked California as a leader on the global stage. We celebrate the acts of resistance and persistence that have shaped the experiences of indigenous communities since first contact with Europeans. The indigenous peoples of California persevered through our state’s shameful history, including the genocidal “war of extermination” directed by California’s first governor. Recognizing the enduring trauma of this violence and oppression, I took the initial and necessary step earlier this year to formally apologize to California Native Americans – a step I encourage other leaders to take in good faith alongside California. We are also creating a Truth and Healing Council to continue on this journey of reckoning with our past and healing together. Today, we also honor the local leaders from around California who were decades ahead of us in commemorating Indigenous Peoples’ Day. We remember the protests throughout Northern California against the activities to celebrate the 500th anniversary of the arrival of Christopher Columbus in the Americas, as well as the “Day of Solidarity with Indigenous People” first celebrated in Berkeley in 1992. We remain inspired by all those who have fought for the respect and visibility of indigenous peoples, including the Occupation of Alcatraz Island that took place fifty years ago. We continue to celebrate the Native American communities who exemplify the best of who we are – and who we can be – as Californians. NOW THEREFORE I, GAVIN NEWSOM, Governor of the State of California, do hereby proclaim October 14, 2019, as “Indigenous Peoples’ Day.” Wilton Rancheria is the only federally recognized tribe in Sacramento County. Its tribal status was terminated in 1958, and the Tribe was finally restored, without land, in 2009, after a long-fought campaign by tribal elders. In November 2011, the Tribe adopted its modern Constitution, and since that time, tribal leadership has worked to improve the lives of its members and positively serve the community from its offices in Elk Grove. On February 10, 2017, approximately 36 acres of land in Elk Grove was taken into federal trust for Wilton Rancheria by the U.S. Department of the Interior. Bob Magnuson Magnuson & Co. (o) 916.551.2525 (c) 949.290.9382 rgm@magnusonandcompany.com www.magnusonandcompany.com Posted: Oct 14, 2019, Categories: Casino, Wilton Rancheria, Resort, Comments: 0, Author: SuperUser Account	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line266
__label__cc	0.605859	0.394141	Home > MAMMOTH LAKES The Town of Mammoth Lakes The town of Mammoth Lakes is a unique region of California filled with more than 7,000 full time residents. Located in the Inyo National Forest, within the confines of Mono County, Mammoth Lakes was incorporated in 1984, nearly 30 years after Mammoth Mountain Ski Area founder Dave McCoy put up the first tow rope. The town is a mere four square miles in size, but the forest surrounding it goes on forever. Locals have coined the phrases, "village in the trees" or "town within a park" to describe their habitat. The close connection with the forest is also why Mammoth has such a close connection with its wildlife. Characterized by its mountains, lakes, streams and forests, those who come to Mammoth should expect to share their town with the animals and plantlife that inhabited it first. The town is situated in the southwestern region of Mono County and many of its trails, campgrounds and roads abut or cross the crest of the Sierra. Mammoth is a tourist-based economy and receives approximately 2.8 million visitors per year. Winter and summer are the most popular seasons with about 1.3 million visitors and 1.5 million, respectively. This means that during these peak seasons, the town can grow in population to anywhere between 30,000 and 40,000 people. Kings Canyon Steve Searles new Searles black Sierra momma Bubbs Creek roar mammoth bear Bears mammoth lakes Blondie don't feed 7 cubs trail The Bear Whisperer fishing wildlife Mammoth feed bears trailhead	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line277
__label__cc	0.62422	0.37578	Meet Other Fans Don't You Dare Miss It Headin' for Another Joint It's Time For Theme Time Lost Episode - Kiss Meet Me In The Evening It Sounds Different Don't You Dare Miss It > Chicago, IL - October 27, 2006 Although I've seen Dylan many times over the last five years, I was looking forward to last night's show with greater anticpation than usual because of course it would be the first time since the release of Love and Theft that I knew I was going to hear new songs live. Dylan did not disappoint, delivering a fantastic performance that leaned heavily towards newer material - 8 out of the 16 songs played were off of his last three albums. I'd like to see The Rolling Stones try that. Read more about Chicago, IL - October 27, 2006 It would have been hard for my day up until the show to get much worse. I hopped a bus from Dartmouth to the Manchester airport at 12:30pm, getting ready for a 5:22 flight. The plan was already tight: I was going to get into the O'Hare at 6:50, Steve (Disco Stu) was going to pick me up and we'd head to the show, hopefully in time for the start of the Kings of Leon set, but perhaps not. However, anyone who's ever relied on an airline to make a tight connection knows very well how that tends to go. Yup, the plane was delayed. An hour and a half. Getting to the show today was certainly less hectic. Had a mini get-together with Steve and Dan (standin' on the gallows), with whom I had road tripped to Comstock Park and Columbus, at at Jimmy John's near the venue. The place was recommended as a great place to eat before a Sears Centre show by the Chicago Tribune, so I organized it there. Little did I know it was just a sub chain. Why they recommended it was beyond me, but we had a nice dinner and Bob-filled conversation nevertheless. St. Paul, MN - October 29, 2006 From our view in the 23rd row, the show really took off after the first five songs. At first, we had settled for our seats in the middle of the floor, but as showtime neared, we opted to check out the view from the side of the stage, up in the stadium seating. We stayed there at first, but once Maggies started, it was evident the sound over there was awful. Anyone who only saw and heard the show from up there didn't get the full experience, or even half the experience. During the instrumental break at the end of Maggies, we bolted back to our Read more about St. Paul, MN - October 29, 2006 Portland, ME - November 9, 2006 The evening began stressfully-even though Rose and I bought our tickets through bobdylan.com's presale program, the Civic Center had no intention of allowing early entry. Yikes. I had to work today.I didn't have time to get a good place in line.will we be stuck in the back, far from the stage, in the middle of the maddening crowd? The gods are on our side, our line moves the quickest and we find ourselves at the front, dead center of the stage, one or two people back. Whew. Read more about Portland, ME - November 9, 2006 Poughkeepsie, NY -- August 4, 2004 The Chance Read more about Poughkeepsie, NY -- August 4, 2004 Las Vegas, NV - July 16, 2011 OMG!! (as they say). I am still levitating from this show. I thought Bob and his Band were on fire the previous night at the Pacific Amphitheater in Costa Mesa. Tonight they were as scorching hot as the pavement in Vegas. I think this was one of my favorite, maybe even my favorite, show from the last 3 or 4 years. The Pearl Concert Theater is small with 2500 seats arranged in a U-shape Read more about Las Vegas, NV - July 16, 2011 Costa Mesa, CA - July 15, 2011 Get ready everyone!! On a beautiful summer night in a packed sold out amphitheatre, Bob gave us a show. He came out smiling and immediately started dancing and doing Charlie Sexton crouches behind his keyboard as he opened with "Gonna Change My Way of Thinking". The set list was similar to the previous opening night in Santa Barbara. People of all ages, many brought their young children, young girls laughing and calling out to Bob to "marry me". The mood was set and we were happy as well as Bob. Read more about Costa Mesa, CA - July 15, 2011 Cork, Ireland - June16, 2011 I was willing to forsake the customary Bloomsday bottle of cheap red and gorgonzola sandwich to make the trip down to a very special engagement in Cork, and with a long lunar eclipse the night before, where else are you going to go… Read more about Cork, Ireland - June16, 2011 Bob's Bits of Wisdom Yesterday's just a memory, tomorrow is never what it's supposed to be. TheBobDylanFanClub.com domain name is the property of Bob Dylan and is used by kind courtesy of Special Rider. DYLAN and BOB DYLAN are registered trademarks used by kind courtesy of Special Rider. All copyright photographs and artwork are used by kind courtesy of the relevant copyright owners, including Special Rider & Sony Music.	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line278
__label__wiki	0.922712	0.922712	Browse: Home / Books & Movies, Reviews / Medvedb’s Journal Medvedb’s Journal By Kendall Merriam Blackberry Books Medvedb’s Journal is, as its author notes in an acknowledgement, “surely one of the strangest books in Maine.” With the recent publication of this expanded edition of Kendall Merriam’s 30-year-old work, this odd book has gotten even odder. I suppose one would call Medvedb’s Journal a novel, though there’s no plot, hardly any dialogue, and really only one character: Medvedb, a very horny, schizophrenic poet who thinks he’s both a bear and the president of the United States. In any case, it’s a novel approach to storytelling. Merriam’s book is a rambling series of anecdotes and observations about Medvedb, who you quickly begin to suspect is the author’s alter ego. In a new introduction by, of all people, Gunnar Hansen (a.k.a. the guy who played Leatherface in The Texas Chainsaw Massacre), the actor and writer says Merriam has “caught Medvedb’s digressive mind, allowing an idea that pops into the end of a paragraph to dance off somewhere else for a while.” Indeed, for much of the book, paragraphs begin with ruminations on whatever person, place or concept was mentioned toward the end of the preceding paragraph. This stream-of-consciousness style can get annoying, but once you realize the story isn’t going anywhere, you can sit back, relax, and wait for the next crazy thing to crawl across the page. You never have to wait long. For example, early on, a reference to the game of polo leads to mention of an imprisoned Russian poet, which in turn segues into a paragraph about Stalin and Hitler, in which the German dictator is said to have been given “a life-sized Faberge Ostrich Egg filled with a model of Berchtesgaden done in gold melted from the teeth of 39-year-old Jewish virgins.” “None of this made sense to Medvedb,” Merriam writes, “but he knew it was true because he had read it four times in different spy novels.” (This leads to a line about how Medvedb once wrote two chapters of a “feminist spy novel,” but “none of the women who read it liked it.”) Female readers may get a bit creeped out by Medvedb, who wears his lasciviousness on his sleeve. But it’s also made clear that this crazy, rumpled bear-man never had much luck with the ladies, and is physically, if not mentally, true to his wife, Axis. “Axis is addicted to picking out her white hairs, to George Sand, to Salems, to orgasms, to orange juice, to cheap chic and celery in her Bloody Marys,” Merriam writes, sparking one of the book’s numerous laugh-out-loud moments. Another arrives with the fleeting appearance of Al the Jesuit, “a very good thinker on religious subjects and the only one who has ever bested him was Axis who proved the nonexistence of God after Al the Jesuit had drunk a six-pack of Heineken Dark.” There’s plenty of other funny stuff, though much of it is muted by the strangeness that pervades the narrative and its lack of structure. The closest this “journal” comes to telling a coherent story is in Chapter Three, “Medvedb Takes A Trip,” about a vacation in Paris. Merriam sets up the idea that his character is going to attempt to swing across the front of Notre Dame on a rope, but like the idea itself, the set-up goes nowhere (despite having smuggled rope in his suitcase, Medvedb never even begins to attempt the stunt, and it’s not clear why he abandons his mad plan). This short book originally ended after four chapters, and did so gracefully. After years being thrown in jails and mental wards, Medvedb comes to terms with the idea that he’ll never be famous and finds satisfaction in being recognized as a poet by neighbors in his small town. Thirty years later, in 2010, Merriam was named Rockland’s first poet laureate, and the expanded version of this book was completed. The new fifth chapter is, and feels, tacked-on, though it’s remarkable how Merriam managed to preserve his style and tone across three decades. Toward the end, Medvedb looks forward to getting feedback from a shrink on a speech he wrote titled, “Why I am a Paranoid Schizophrenic Manic Depressive Bi-Polar Patient And How I Got That Way and What Are Highly Paid Professionals Going To Do About It?” An amusing afterword penned in ’09 by fellow writer and friend Stephen Petroff caps off this new edition. The contributions by Petroff and Hansen (who wrote poetry in Maine during the post-Chainsaw ’70s and published the first chapter of Medvedb back in the day) make this edition seem a bit like one of those Greatest Hits collections by a rock band that reunites to record a couple new tracks for the occasion. (Only, in this case, the new stuff doesn’t suck.) “He was not a good writer,” Merriam writes of Medvedb. “No, he was too aberrant for that but he did produce a few little oddities that certain collectors savored with a taste for the obscure.” — Chris Busby « Dean Ford Crossword! »	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line279
__label__wiki	0.58023	0.58023	From the 50’s on, the hotel dining room staff was usually hard working young teenagers who were focused on two things; making money and having a good time. The former was something that was expected from teenagers, the quest to have a good time drove my parents crazy. However even in the 40’s The Brookside needed staff. From Sadie’s Reminisces: My remembrance of these two waiters at the beginning when I first went there. After the war, when Daddy came home, he agreed to go into the hotel business with Pop Friedman and Uncle Si. Times were still not good, and Pop had many acquaintances from his organization (The Progressives). Morris Halpern had worked in restaurants and came to work as a combination waiter and salad man. He was excellent and brought a new flair to our hotel. Up until that time, the young waiters and busboys did that job and it was sloppily done. I remember Morris, on a Friday night would make these center pieces of celery in a tall glass and with toothpicks attach radishes and olives at the end making it look like a bouquet of flowers. We used to just put them in a glass float. He stayed with us for quite a few years and became part of the family. He also helped plant flowers in the front of the main house. After he left, we hired a young refugee from Germany, who had been in a concentration camp. He brought his wife with him and because she had a bad heart, he would carry her up and down the steps as they slept in the attic with all the other workers. His wife had left her mother, sister, and brother-in-law in Germany and they were waiting for them to come to the United States so they could help take care of Ralph’s wife. Ralph worked for us for quite a few years and the family was able to live in one of the outside bungalows. Well, one summer they came to the hotel, for work, but minus her sister who had passed away in the interim. By that time, Pop had given Ralph a bungalow near the kitchen, so that it would be easier for him and his wife. When they came, we could only give them one room, so it was decided that the mother and daughter would sleep together and the two brother-in-laws would do the same. The chambermaid, Clara Berman, came and told Mom Friedman that something strange was going on as there were men’s clothes in the room where the women were. We later learned that Ralph’s mother-in-law married her son-in-law and became Ralph’s father-in-law. We had a lot of laughs from that one. From Rich’s Reminisces: Initially at the Brookside the only staff that was needed was a waiter, some kitchen help and my Grandfather’s family. My dad and his brother Si took care of a lot of the general repairs that were needed, and since the number of guests was so low not much else needed to be done. My Grandmother and Mother were in the kitchen cooking and that was that. Over time more and more staff was added to meet the new needs of the guests. A bell hop, the Day Camp Director and camp counselors, the band, a social director, a children’s waiter and busboy, a maintenance man, chambermaids, and dishwashers joined the hotel staff. Soon finding a place for them to stay for the summer became an issue, and as usual my Father’s approach was to recycle buildings, add on to small bungalows, and incorporate space in any building he was planning to build. Bungalows that were in the way of the Vacationer building were moved to another spot on the property. Rooms were carved out of space next to the stage in the Casino Building, and additions were done when needed. The dining room staff worked for tips, that is as my Father put it, “to insure proper service”, because for many years there was no formal pay. I remember the first paychecks that we received once the law was changed and we had to get paid, all of $2.88 for a week. However, earnings through tips allowed most of us to pay for college, save a little for spending money, and still have enough to go to the Log Cabin or Casino Restaurant in Kerhonkson after meals for pizza. Each child in the family would start to work in the dining room or day camp and had friends that wanted to join in. Barry had his group, several years later I had mine, and then Sue and Whendi’s friends became waiters, busboys and counselors. In all most of the people who worked at the hotel as teenagers went on to succeed in life and one hopes that the experience they had at The Brookside played a role. In addition to the teenagers the hotel needed ‘specialist’ like a cook, a saladman, a baker. My parents and grandparents did this work originally, but as the numbers grew and the work multiplied they found people who would fill these roles. Sometimes they became like family, Minnie, Rose, Mike the chef. Sometimes they were gone in a week or two for various reasons. All of it added to the chaos of the hotel. The Softball Team in the Seventies Day Camp and Counselors 8 Responses to “Hotel Staff” Bonnie Stein says: I feel like I grew up that the Brookside. From a chubby little kid to a rude teenager. I always remember walking up those back stairs into the bakery and loving the smell of the cookies. Then going over to my Dad, Nathan Stein, and getting a Dixie cup of Cherries. Sadie was always so nice to me and made me feel like I owned the place. Walking around like a princess. Later she would give me first Job as a camp counselor and babysitter. When I was a little older she let me work the switchboard and help with the front desk. On show nights we would sneak down for a peak at all the amazing food displays. My father was a master at creating art work with watermelon, from the Bird cage, to the tall ship and the fishing pond with live gold fish, it was always amazing. The Brookside always felt like home, to this day, I imagine it at it was and can walk the halls in my mind. Leave a Reply to hope winkelstein firestone	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line280
__label__cc	0.646753	0.353247	Flags of Our Fathers: A Young People's Edition Michael R. French Ron Powers James D. Bradley Posted on Jan 22, 2020 Jan 22, 2020 by Michael R. French Ron Powers James D. Bradley Flags of Our Fathers A Young People s Edition In this unforgettable chronicle of perhaps the most famous moment in American military history James Bradley has captured the glory the triumph the heartbreak and the legacy of the six men who rai Title: Flags of Our Fathers: A Young People's Edition Author: Michael R. French Ron Powers James D. Bradley In this unforgettable chronicle of perhaps the most famous moment in American military history, James Bradley has captured the glory, the triumph, the heartbreak, and the legacy of the six men who raised the flag at Iwo Jima Here is the true story behind the immortal photograph that has come to symbolize the courage and indomitable will of America In February 1945, AmeriIn this unforgettable chronicle of perhaps the most famous moment in American military history, James Bradley has captured the glory, the triumph, the heartbreak, and the legacy of the six men who raised the flag at Iwo Jima Here is the true story behind the immortal photograph that has come to symbolize the courage and indomitable will of America In February 1945, American Marines plunged into the surf at Iwo Jima and into history Through a hail of machine gun and mortar fire that left the beaches strewn with comrades, they battled to the island s highest peak And after climbing through a landscape of hell itself, they raised a flag Now the son of one of the flagraisers has written a powerful account of six very different young men who came together in a moment that will live forever To his family, John Bradley never spoke of the photograph or the war But after his death at age seventy, his family discovered closed boxes of letters and photos In Flags of Our Fathers, James Bradley draws on those documents to retrace the lives of his father and the men of Easy Company Following these men s paths to Iwo Jima, James Bradley has written a classic story of the heroic battle for the Pacific s most crucial island an island riddled with Japanese tunnels and 22,000 fanatic defenders who would fight to the last man But perhaps the most interesting part of the story is what happened after the victory The men in the photo three were killed during the battle were proclaimed heroes and flown home, to become reluctant symbols For two of them, the adulation was shattering Only James Bradley s father truly survived, displaying no copy of the famous photograph in his home, telling his son only The real heroes of Iwo Jima were the guys who didn t come back Few books ever have captured the complexity and furor of war and its aftermath as well as Flags of Our Fathers A penetrating, epic look at a generation at war, this is history told with keen insight, enormous honesty, and the passion of a son paying homage to his father It is the story of the difference between truth and myth, the meaning of being a hero, and the essence of the human experience of war. Flags of Our Fathers: A Young People's Edition By Michael R. French Ron Powers James D. Bradley Michael R. French Ron Powers James D. Bradley 269 Michael R. French Ron Powers James D. Bradley Title: Flags of Our Fathers: A Young People's Edition By Michael R. French Ron Powers James D. Bradley Posted by:Michael R. French Ron Powers James D. Bradley About “Michael R. French Ron Powers James D. Bradley” 1 best selling author Michael French graduated from Stanford University and Northwestern University He is a businessman and author who divides his time between Santa Barbara, California, and Santa Fe, New Mexico He is an avid high altitude mountain trekker, as well as a collector of first editions of twentieth century fiction.He has published twenty four books, including fiction, young adult fiction, biographies, and art criticism His novel, Abingdon s, was a bestseller and a Literary Guild Alternate Selection His young adult novel, Pursuit, was awarded the California Young Reader Medal The Reconstruction of Wilson Ryder was published January 2013.Mountains Beyond Mountains was published April 2013.Once Upon a Lie was published March 2016. 594 thoughts on “Flags of Our Fathers: A Young People's Edition” Susanchitter There is a reason they are called the "Greatest Generation" 26,000 Americans killed in a month to secure Iwo Jima. Tells the story of the battle and the stories of the 5 men who raised the flag in the iconic picture. Should be required reading for school kids. Linda Dexheimer Linda DexheimerInformationalThis book was adapted from it's original version for young adults. The book is written about the flag raising at Iwo Jima and the 6 men that raised the flag. The author, James Bradley, is the son of one of the men. He researched the lives of the 6 men and describes the events leading up to the raising of the flag and the days after. Interesting read and perspectives. It seemed well-researched and is told in a narrative that's easy to read. Claire Wood In the book, "Flags of Our Fathers", by James Bradley, you follow the lives of six men - Ira Hayes, Rene Gagnon, John (Doc) Bradley, Mike Strank, Harlon Block, and Franklin Sousley. They are the men that raised the flag on Iwo Jima in the middle of World War II. Creating a very memorable moment in American military history, these men faced many challenges in their lives. The book tells each person's story, leading up to them fighting for the Marines. Many details are included, describing the joy [...] Prasath T I bought this book and kept it in my book shelves for about 6 years and i thought i will never read it. But don't know how i started to read this book, the writing kept me going till i finish the bookReally a good, inspiring nonfictional book about the Soldiers of the Flagraising and their post war traumas. Ayana98 Flags of our Fathers by James Bradley is an action filled book that follows the characters who raised the famous flag on Iwo jIma. Now a major motion picture from Academy Award Winning Director Clint Eastwood, this historical non-fiction book tells the story of the characters and how they coped with the war. The book gives a very good perspective on the Pacific Theatre and the consequences of going to the Pacific. James shows how war is longer than you think it is. We follow the main story of Jo [...] This book tells the heartbreaking story of John “Doc” Bradley, a Marine serving in the US army during World War II, in the pacific theater. Him and his friends, Mike, Harlon, Ira, Rene and Franklin, are sent to a mysterious location known only as “Island X”, on a pivotal mission that determined the fate of World War II. On Island X, a photo is taken. A photo that inspired people across the states. A photo that symbolized patriotism, victory. But not everybody saw the photo in the same wa [...] The week I was reading this aloud, I watched this slide show of photographers' submissions to Best of PPA (Professional Photographers of America) youtube/watch?v=5DQG3D [WARNING There is one nude image and one partially] This slide show has a picture that recreated the famous Iwo Jima flag raising with basketball players raising a basketball hoop. It made me ill. I was glad I wasn't at that conference, our I would have been pacing in front of the picture wishing I had the guts to tell the phot [...] Elizabeth Gardner Johnson Joe Rosenthal snapped a pulitzer-prize winning picture atop Mount Suribachi during the battle of Iwo Jima. Of the six men in the famous photograph, three would eventually survive the war. James Bradley, the son of John "Doc" Bradley who was in the photo, knew very little about his dad's WWII experiences until his father passed away in 1994. His father, like many war vets, did not want to talk about the horrors of war, the deaths he witnessed, and friends who went missing. James began a search af [...] I won't lie if this had not been the version adapted for youth, I am not sure that I would have even attempted to read it. Historical non-fiction and anything with war, it just doesn't catch my attention very often and I tend to gravitate away from it. It often makes me feel stupid and uneducated and then I get mad at myself for not being able to suck it up and finish it. (I hate dates!)This book spared me from that. In fact, I am of the mind that the original version may hold more facts and I a [...] I read this book for two reasons: one was that I was hurting for a nonfiction novel; the other is that I feel like I have lost a part of me that I used to consider to be patriotism. After studying the war poems in British Literature 333, I felt like I didn't know what I thought about war, duty to country, and patriotism. After reading this book, I still don't have all the answers, but I'm glad I read it. Flags of Our Fathers tells the story of the famous flag raising at Iwo Jima. James Bradley w [...] Jamie Siemsen I read this for a history project. It wasn't somthing I'd noramlly read, but I really enjoyed learning about one of the most famous photographs of all time. It felt good to learn about the history of America. My grandma was super duper excited when I asked to borrow this book from her, it was pretty comical. Greg Haas The true story of the ‘real’ Iwo Jima Flag Raisers before the staged second flag raising the world is more familiar withand the absolutely incredible luck of it’s photographer. Interesting on how these boys were later used for US War Bond tours. But I bought this youth version by mistake. Better to get the full version, as war is NOT pretty and imho it should not be filtered. Really great book on how unlikely heroes became celebrities overnight from the "second" photo taken. How coming back from war to instant popularity was too much to handle. Great book, and of course better than the movie. I LOVED THIS BOOK! I read it in one night (another book I had to read to write a review paper on for my teaching license). So emotional and informative! I cried so many times reading this! I love books that move me like that. Atrebs Great story of the men behind the monument a lot of new information for me and the description of the fight on Iwo Jima is vivid; now I'll watch Eastwood's movie and the one told from Japan's side. Excellent book. Well written and an interesting story. So much better than the movie a well told historical story. Interesting to learn about a battle that isn't taught much in school. very vivid and descriptive. If you enjoy history, you will like it. Slow start but gets really interesting! I had no ideaI will leave it at that before I spoil it for someone. This is told by the son of one of the men who raised the flag on Iwo Jima. Didn't see the movie, but I can't imagine it was better than this book. VERY gory but so was Iwo Jima. Loved this book!! Beautiful tribute to his father and marine troops who gave the ultimate sacrifice. Eye opening to the events in the Pacific theater. However through the eyes of six special men that said they weren't that special. Michael Guilmette A truly amazing book about some boys who were in one of the most dangerous, vital raids in World War II. Wow, just wow. A fascinating and touching read about the battle of Iwo Jima and those involved in the famous flag-raising photo. I think this is something everyone should read. It was an interesting book, with some facts that I was unaware of! It was a good book looking at this iconic picture through the eyes of the kids and relatives of the living people within it. Indah Threez Lestari 143rd - 2011Lebih suka film mirrornya, Letters From Iwojima.Teringat manga Zipang kalau di Zipang, adegan foto ini bakal ada atau tidak ada sama sekali ya? Andrela Devlin's Deal Dominating Delights Peep and Ducky Rainy Day The Slaughter Man Delusions in Science and Spirituality: The Fall of... The Empress Chronicles The Christmas Project Devon's Desire Heart of the Game Coming to Power: Writing and Graphics on Lesbian S... Make Time: How to Beat Distraction, Build Energy, ... Seamus Heaney and the Great Poetry Hoax: A Critica... Home Hacker Calendar 2013 Year of the Heroic Guerrilla: World Revolution and... نعم اقرأ نعم اكتب Евангелие от евнух Listos para correr: Manual para correr de forma na... Diario de una adolescente The Hairy One Proudly powered by WordPress \| Theme: Restaurant-and-Cafe by Michael R. French Ron Powers James D. Bradley.	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line283
__label__wiki	0.791051	0.791051	Bertra Blue Flag beach Near the foot of Croagh Patrick, 12 km (7 miles) west of Westport on the Louisburgh Road (R335), Bertra beach is one of the best beaches in Ireland for walking and bird-watching, as well as kite-surfing and windsurfing. Walk along the wide strand, on a mixture of sandy or occasionally rocky stretches, or along the sometimes narrow paths in the dunes. This Blue Flag beach has a lifeguard in the summer months, and there are toilets. The northeastern point of the beach, farthest away from the carpark, is a popular spot for shore-angling. Murrisk Famine Monument The National Famine Monument was unveiled in July 1997 by President Mary Robinson. Created by John Behan, the monument is cast in bronze and depicts what were known as the coffin ships. The sails on this ship are fashioned like skeletons, representing the misery of the trip to the New World for millions. In 2001, a sister monument was unveiled outside the United Nations building in New York. However, the New York ship also has two gangplanks with survivors emerging onto land after their trip across the Atlantic Ocean. Croagh Patrick, which overlooks Clew Bay in County Mayo, is considered the holiest mountain in Ireland. The tradition of pilgrimage to this holy mountain stretches back over 5,000 years from the Stone Age to the present day without interruption. Its religious significance dates back to the time of the pagans, when people are thought to have gathered here to celebrate the beginning of harvest season. The Great Western Greenway The Great Western Greenway (Irish: Bealach Mór an Iarthair) is a greenway rail trail in County Mayo, Ireland. It is 42 kilometres (26 miles) long and begins in Westport and ends in Achill, passing through the towns of Newport and Mulranny as it runs along the coast of Clew Bay. It is an off-road trail intended for use by cyclists and walkers. It follows the route of the former Achill extension of the Westport railway line, which was constructed in the 1890s and closed in 1937. An estimated 300 people cycle and walk the trail each day, which was constructed at a cost of €3 million. The first section, from Newport to Mulranny, was opened in April 2010. It was named as the 2011 Irish winner of the European Destinations of Excellence award. The full route was opened by TaoiseachEnda Kenny, T. D. and Minister of State for Tourism and Sport, Michael Ring, T. D., on 29 July 2011. Westport House and Pirate Adventure Park has welcomed over 4.5 million visitors with its range of heritage, family-fun, camping and adventure activity offerings. It truly offers something for everyone in the family - from grand-parents, to mum & dad, teens, young ones and even toddlers. 18th Century Westport House is privately owned and operated by Jeremy Browne ( The 11th Marquess of Sligo) and his family, who are direct descendants of Grace O’ Malley, the famous 16th Century Pirate Queen of Connaught. From small beginnings of 2,700 visitors in 1960, it has become one of Ireland’s best loved attractions and was recently voted one of the Best Family Visitor Attractions in Ireland by Primary Times magazine. The jewel in the crown of the West, you cannot visit Mayo without stopping in. Clare Island Clare Island lies off the west coast of Ireland at at the entrance to Clew Bay. The largest of the Mayo offshore islands, it has a varied terrain: spectacular cliffs with large numbers of nesting sea birds and a rich 'inland' topography of hills and bogs and small pockets of woodland, making it ideal for hill-walking. The island lies roughly four miles off the nearest mainland point and the ferry crossing takes approximately 20 minutes. "Thank you again for your kind hospitality" "A magical place, we felt right at home"	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line286
__label__cc	0.739049	0.260951	From Methodist to Catholic I was raised as a Methodist. I was raised on the Bible. By the time I was nine years old, I knew every story in the Bible and our minister allowed me to become a member of the church three years ahead of time. He said that I knew more about the Bible than most of the adults in the church. When I was about 12 or 13 years old, I began feeling drawn to all things Catholic. We lived in a large house and my mother rented out the upstairs bedrooms to earn some extra money for our family. The college football team rented the entire upstairs for several years. One time, Mom found one of my friends who was 16 or 17 in the rooms with one of the players. Mom was furious when she caught them together. She kicked my friend and the football player out. My friend was a Methodist. After the football players left, Mom let me sleep in one of the upstairs bedrooms while she rented two other rooms to two young women. The one woman was married to a solider who was stationed in Germany. Every weekend she slept with another man. She was not a member of our church but she was a Protestant. The other woman who was named Frances was engaged to a soldier who was also stationed in Germany. She remained faithful to her boyfriend. She was a Catholic. When I asked Mom and my sister about Catholics, they told me that Catholics worshipped the devil who told them to do evil things. So I asked, "If Frances is evil, why is she faithful to her boyfriend when that other woman is shacking out every weekend while her husband is gone and my friend was doing nasty things with the football player?" I don't remember what was said after that. It was this time that the adults in the family decided to teach me about "those terrible Catholics." For the next few months I heard every imaginable story possible about the Church, especially the priests. The most terrifying story to me was a reminder that if I entered a Catholic church, the priest would kidnap me and lock me in a little room where he would torture me until I agreed to become a Catholic or -- even worse -- a nun. When I asked Frances about some of these stories, she only smiled and said my family was mistaken. She never lowered herself to saying anything against my religion. One of the things my family had told me was that if I went into a religious store with Frances, she and the woman in the store would shove prayer books in my face and force me to carry a Rosary. I was at the rebellious age of 14 then and decided to test this warning. I often went on walks with Frances and when she stopped one day to go into the religious store, she said I could wait outside if I wished. I went in with her. Neither she nor the lady paid any attention to me. When Frances and I came out, Frances didn't even bother showing me the prayer book she had bought. When I asked her if I could see it, she handed it to me without any comment. I looked it over and handed it back. That was it. When I discovered that Catholic items were sold in our dime store, I bought a crucifix picture and hung it up on the wall by my bed. You should have heard my family scream and yell. They scolded Mom and almost ordered her to make me throw "that thing" away. Mom -- who hated and feared the Catholic Church -- glared at all of them and said, "One of these days my daughter will become a Catholic. There is nothing anyone can do about it so you leave her alone and don't you dare interfere with her faith! If you can't do this, don't you bother coming to this house again." (More than forty years went by before anyone told me about this confrontation.) The crucifix picture remained by my bed until I left home five years later. By the time I was a senior in high school, I was quite well indoctrinated in anti-Catholic rhetoric. Our social studies class had a section about religions which quickly narrowed down to Protestants and Catholics. In that class of 35 students, I could out-argue all the Catholic students which made up at least half of the class. The irony is that I was totally wrong on every point! By the time I was 17, I accepted a baby-sitting job for a Catholic husband and wife. Their oldest son who was nine seemed to be different from other children his age. He seemed more mature and more spiritual. He told me that he had already decided to become a priest. Of course we discussed religion but when I said the same arguments that I'd used in social studies class, this little boy corrected me and I lost every argument! There was a book the parents always left on the coffee table. If I remember correctly, the title was "1001 Questions about the Catholic Church." After the children were in bed, I would scan through this book to read the questions. The answers were long and complicated and boring except to one question: "Do you really believe that the bread and wine at Mass are turned into the Body and Blood of Christ?" The answer was simply, "Yes, we believe." That short response impressed me more than anything else I could have read. By this time, I heard that Catholics could go into their churches anytime -- night or day -- and pray. I was allowed to go into our church only on Sundays. I decided to go to our church on Tuesday afternoon and pray. I entered the sanctuary and our choir director was practicing the music she would play for Sunday. I sat quietly in a pew and prayed. It was so peaceful and comforting. Then the choir director stood up, looked at me and asked why I was there. I said I'd come there to pray. She said, "You can pray at home. Now get out of here and don't come back. You're disturbing me." Two years later, on May 24, 1957, I went into Mom and Dad's bedroom to kiss Mom good-bye. She had been feeling bad and was still in bed. When my lips touched her cheek, she screamed from the pain. Twenty hours later, Mom had gone home to Heaven. We had been very close to each other. My loneliness was inconsolable. When our minister prayed at the funeral and the graveside, I felt no consolation. I kept praying, "Where are you, Jesus?" It seemed that Jesus wasn't around to answer my question. Days went by and my loneliness grew. I couldn't find any comfort at home when I prayed. I wasn't allowed to go to our church to pray unless there was a service. I had always felt consolation when receiving Holy Communion but that was only four times a year. Our next Communion Service wouldn't be for another month. In my heart, I couldn't wait that long. My prayer continued day after day after day, "God where are You?" Then, two months later, without knowing anything about the Mass, I walked into a Catholic church during Mass. Everything was strange to me. I understood nothing. It was one of those moments when the priest was whispering part of the Mass. The entire sanctuary was silent but as soon as I stepped through the door, I felt a beautiful Presence gently embrace me. Tears of joy ran down my face and I thought, "God is here. I want to become a Catholic." As a result of my decision, my family turned against me, my friends abandoned me, my father disowned me and disinherited me. The only people who defended my freedom of religion were our Methodist pastor, my Jewish college professor, and my agnostic sister. On May 5, 1958, I was baptized into the Catholic Church. Eventually, most of the people in my family accepted me again and my father relented of his anger. His comment upon hearing that I had become Catholic was, "Well I didn't think you had the guts to do it." I have never regretted for one second my decision to become Catholic. So many people who don't understand our Catholic Faith speak out against the Church and often wonder why we don't rebuke them more severely. The reason is that their attacks don't bother us that much. Those of us who are Catholics are secure with our Faith because there is something intangible and beautifully powerful about the Church. This Power cannot be explained, cannot be debated, cannot be analyzed. It just is. And we call that which just is the Real Presence. Not until a person experiences it can that person understand it. Maggie L. Cooper Whynema2@aol.com	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line287
__label__wiki	0.957992	0.957992	Your Tailgating Game Guide by Bryan Flynn Fans love to tailgate at Jackson State University’s football games in Jackson. Photo courtesy Jackson State University/ Charles Smith One of the best parts about college football is being able to tailgate before kickoff. It is a great way to make lasting memories of a game day experience. Who doesn't love to fire up the grill, open a cold drink and enjoy spending time with fellow fans while at a football game? Plenty of planning goes into setting up a memorable tailgate, from getting the menu just right, to finding the best spot to set up the grill and canopy, to other details such as having enough chairs. A major part of tailgating is checking the schedule to see which home game is perfect for your group of friends. With so many colleges and universities around the capital city, the 2017-2018 season has plenty of chances to tailgate. If you were so inclined, you could tailgate every week during the college football season and not have to travel too far from home. Remember, if you start well before kickoff, you must pace yourself. There is still a nearly three-hour game waiting as the main event after you have pulled off your awesome tailgate festivity. You will still need energy to cheer your team onto victory later. BOOM Jackson did some scouting to create this helpful game summary to help you get started on planning your tailgating events this season. Jackson State University will play its four home games at Veterans Memorial Stadium. The home schedule has two great tailgating games: homecoming on Nov. 4 against Alabama State University, and a game Alcorn State University as the final game of the season is always must-see for fans. Mississippi College has four home dates at Robinson-Hale Stadium. The Choctaws will host in-state rival Delta State University on Sept. 30. If that date doesn't work, MC will host the University of West Georgia for homecoming on Oct. 21. The opening home game against Howard Payne University for Belhaven University is Family Weekend. The Blazers host Louisiana College for homecoming on Oct. 28 for a second tailgating event. Belhaven will host four home games this season. Millsaps College will hold homecoming on Oct. 28 when the Majors host Centre College. You could do a tailgate for the Majors homecoming that starts at 2 p.m. and leave the game early to tailgate with friends before the start of the Belhaven homecoming that kicks off at 6 p.m. This year is the 100th anniversary of Hinds Community College's founding. The Eagles will host several (unannounced as of yet) events to celebrate this milestone at home football games. One major tailgate event is the Oct. 28 game against East Mississippi Community College. East Mississippi has been featured on two-seasons of the Netflix series "Last Chance U." Holmes Community College will host three home games. When the Bulldogs hosting Northwest Mississippi Community College, who played in the Heart of Texas Bowl last season, it is a great chance to tailgate and see a competitive game on the field. For a last chance at a tailgating event for the Bulldogs, Holmes hosts Northeast Mississippi Community College in the season finale. Below is a list of the home games from September to November, with dates and kickoff times, at the colleges and universities around the metro area that could be perfect for tailgating. Jackson State University, Veterans Memorial Stadium Sept. 23: University of Arkansas-Pine Bluff, 6 p.m. kickoff Oct. 21: Southern University, 6 p.m. kickoff Nov. 4: Alabama State University (homecoming), 2 p.m. kickoff Nov. 18: Alcorn State University, 2 p.m. kickoff Mississippi College, Robinson-Hale Stadium Sept. 23: Florida Institute of Technology, 7 p.m. kickoff Sept. 30: Delta State University, 7 p.m. kickoff Oct. 21: University of West Georgia (homecoming), 3pm kickoff Nov. 4: Shorter University (Senior Day), 2 p.m. kickoff Belhaven University, Belhaven Bowl Stadium Sept. 30: Howard Payne University (Family Weekend), 7 p.m. kickoff Oct. 14: Southwestern University, 6 p.m. kickoff Oct. 28: Louisiana College (homecoming), 6 p.m. kickoff Nov. 11: Sul Ross State University, 2 p.m. kickoff Millsaps College, Harper Davis Field Sept. 16: Trinity University (Texas), 1 p.m. kickoff Sept. 23: Sewanee-The University of the South, 1 p.m. kickoff Oct. 21: Berry University, 1 p.m. kickoff Oct. 28: Centre College (homecoming and Senior Day), 2 p.m. kickoff Hinds Community College, Joe Renfroe Stadium Sept. 14: Southwest Mississippi Community College, 6:30 p.m. kickoff Sept. 28: Mississippi Gulf Coast Community College, 6:30 p.m. kickoff Oct. 12: East Central Community College, 7 p.m. kickoff Oct. 28: East Mississippi Community College, 2 p.m. kickoff Holmes Community College, Ras Branch Field Sept. 21: Coahoma Community College, 6:30 p.m. kickoff Sept. 28: Northwest Mississippi Community College, 6:30 p.m. kickoff Oct. 21: Northeast Mississippi Community College, 3 p.m. kickoff	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line291
__label__wiki	0.929785	0.929785	On and Along the Grand Junction Railroad Grand Junction Railroad tracks across Massachusetts Avenue in Cambridge, in the center of the MIT campus. Note railroad crossing signal. Passing through Cambridge, particularly nearby MIT, you may have noticed a seemingly abandoned railroad making its way between buildings and across roads. The ties are overgrown with weeds, and months pass without a single train passing along the tracks. Grand Junction Railroad at its intersection with Cambridge Street in East Cambridge, looking towards McGrath Highway in Somerville and the train tracks leading to North Station. As you can see, the right-of-way is quite overgrown, though not so much that a train could not pass. The right-of-way you see above is a former freight railroad by the name of the Grand Junction Railroad. The Grand Junction was originally used to ship freight from Western Massachusetts, New York and other destinations to the Boston industries once based in Cambridge near MIT, in and around Sullivan Square, along Mystic Pier in Charlestown, around Chelsea Creek in Chelsea and East Boston and on Jeffries Point in East Boston. A map of the railroad's route is posted below: Route of the Grand Junction Railroad through Cambridge, Somerville, Charlestown, Chelsea and East Boston. As you can see in the map above, the Grand Junction Railroad begins as an offshoot track off of the railroad right-of-way along the Mass Pike highway (once a dedicated railroad right-of-way for the Boston and Albany Railroad—more on that in "Copley Square"). The railroad crosses over the Charles River and then snakes through the MIT campus and East Cambridge to reach the tracks leading from west and north of Boston into North Station. The railroad then continues through Charlestown and Sullivan Square to reach the industries in Chelsea and East Boston, ending in the Maverick Square/Jefferies Point area of East Boston. The Grand Junction Railroad's bridge today, rusty and in dilapidated condition, under the Boston University Bridge and over the Charles River. Image copyright Google Street View. The areas the Grand Junction Railroad passes through were once centers of industry in Boston. The area around the MIT campus and East Cambridge was once most notable for its manufacturing and storage factories. Such businesses evidently developed around the Grand Junction Railroad: If you look at a 1903 Bromley map of the area around MIT, the university has not yet arrived on the premises and barely any development has taken place; the development that has taken place is all industrial. Bromley map of the area around the Massachusetts Avenue—Vassar Street intersection as it stood in 1903. As you can see, barely any development has taken place—MIT is still based in Copley Square, and very few factories have been built. Close-up of the US Army—affiliated Armory and two factories—a C. Brigham and Company milk factory and Metropolian Storage Warehouse— that called the area home. While the milk factory has since been demolished, the Armory and Metropolitan Storage Warehouse both still stand today: The former armory as viewed from Vassar Street today; the building is now owned by MIT. The massive Metropolitan Storage Warehouse along Vassar Street by MIT, with the Grand Junction Railroad located directly behind the building. The Warehouse still functions as a storage warehouse today, Metropolitan Moving and Storage. The few factories that have already been built along the Grand Junction Railroad in 1903 have railroad spurs connecting them to the main Railroad, allowing shipments to be delivered directly to and from factories and ensuring that traffic can flow freely along the Railroad without blocking traffic flow with stopped trains: A 1903 Cambridge factory listed as owned by "Aug. G. Bullock Tr." with railroad spurs connecting it to the main Grand Junction Railroad. Fast forward to 1930, and Bromley Maps show a variety of factories around MIT, which by now has relocated from Copley Square to Cambridge, as well as an expanded Grand Junction Railroad with an extra track along the main railroad (four across when crossing Massachusetts Avenue (Mass Ave) in 1903 in contrast to three in 1930). The Railroad evidently has to accommodate much more freight traffic than it did in 1903—many more factories serving a variety of industries now line the railroad: The area around the Vassar Street—Massachusetts Avenue intersection in 1930. In 1903, two factories were located between Pacific Avenue, Lansdowne Street and Massachusetts Avenue—now there are over ten! In 1903, as shown earlier, there were only two factories in the area of Cambridge along Vassar Street shown above. Now, in 1930, there are many more factories, almost all with private railroad spurs leading to them! Above is a view of Vassar Street west of Mass Ave. Many more factories now line the Grand Junction Railroad, with private rail spurs linking them to the Grand Junction Railroad. The Grand Junction Railroad is clearly a prime motivator for factories to set up shop in the area—factories can be found even a few blocks north of Vassar Street by the residential neighborhood of Cambridgeport: 1930 Bromley map showing factories directly behind houses in Cambridgeport! Second 1930 Bromley map showing factories reaching up to Brookline Street, residential Cambridgeport's main thoroughfare, some of them with private spurs extending three blocks away from the main Grand Junction Railroad! Above are two views of factories further away from the Grand Junction Railroad in residential Cambridgeport. Some factories are across the street from, or even adjacent to, residential lots! Railroad spurs link these factories to the main railroad; even some factories further from the main Railroad have their own private spurs! Many of the industrial buildings originally built around the Grand Junction Railroad remain in Cambridge around MIT today, either occupied by similar businesses or converted to office or housing space. Many buildings around MIT have been bought by the university and no longer serve as industrial properties: Shown earlier were Metropolitan Storage Warehouse and a former US Army-affiliated Armory, both of which remain today just by the Vassar Street-Massachusetts Avenue intersection. MIT's Edgerton House dormitory, housed in a factory building on Albany Street formerly owned by the Elliott Answering Machine Company, as indicated by the 1930 Bromley map below: Edgerton House, then the Elliott Addressing Machine Company, is circled in blue. The building is on Albany Street, a block north of the Grand Junction Railroad. Storage centers along the Grand Junction Railroad and Medford Street in Somerville, between Cambridge Street and McGrath Highway. Industrial buildings by Medford Street and the Grand Junction Railroad in 1930 as shown on a Bromley map of the area. Note that the number of tracks running through the area has since been reduced from over five in 1930 to just one today as shown above in Street View. From here the railroad continues into the rail yard formerly owned by the Boston and Maine Railroad and today used by the MBTA to store and service MBTA commuter rail trains. From East Cambridge, the Grand Junction Railroad continues through the Cambridge rail yard formerly owned by the Boston and Maine Railroad and today used to store and service MBTA commuter rail trains. A significant chunk of the rail yard is now being redeveloped as part of the NorthPoint commercial and residential development on the premises, yet it remains a major utility hub for the MBTA. The Grand Junction Railroad exits the yard via a shared track owned by the MBTA today and used by many other heavy rail lines that run to municipalities north of Boston. The track out of the yard was formerly used by both the Boston and Albany Railroad, the former owner of the Grand Junction Railroad, and the Boston and Maine Railroad, another railroad company that served areas north and west of Boston. Path of the Grand Junction Railroad, shown with dark blue arrows, through the rail yard at NorthPoint, circled in orange, shown on a Google Map. The light blue arrows show an alternate spur of the Boston and Maine Railroad that runs to Boston Autoport. The green arrow points to North Station for orientation purposes—the rail yard primarily serves MBTA commuter rail coaches that serve lines that serve North Station—or in other words, northern commuter rail lines. The exception is the Grand Junction Railroad, the only railroad that connects the yard with Boston's southern rail infrastructure. Leaving the rail yard, the Grand Junction Railroad passes along a shared track until slightly after Sullivan Square, circled in red, where it splits east along with the Newburyport and Rockport branches of the MBTA Commuter Rail. 1895 Bromley map showing the Grand Junction Railroad's path out of the NorthPoint rail yard in greater detail. The blue arrow shows the route the Grand Junction Railroad takes to exit the yard; the arrow that passes Sullivan Square shows the shared track mentioned previously. The orange arrow shows a spur of the Boston and Maine Railroad that leads to the Sullivan Square area and ultimately to nearby Boston Autoport. Sullivan Square is circled in red, and Route 28/O'Brien Highway, then called "Bridge Street," is marked with a green arrow. Note the "Millers River Basin" above the green arrow—the Millers River once ran through this area of Boston and has since been almost completely filled in with landfill, with a small portion remaining today just by NorthPoint and I-93 in the area shown above. To find out more about Millers River, visit the following blog post on the "Mass Oyster Project" blog: http://blog.massoyster.org/2011/03/millers-river-only-remnant-survives.html Closer view of the 1895 Bromley map shown above and the NorthPoint rail yard, then owned by the Boston and Maine Railroad. As you can see circled in green, the Grand Junction Railroad, owned and operated by the Boston and Albany Railroad, ran through the Boston and Maine Railroad's rail yard. The Railroad ran parallel with Boston and Maine Railroad lines north of Boston along the shared track out of the yard discussed previously. An alternate nearby freight railroad route just mentioned and worth elaborating upon is a spur owned and operated by the Boston and Maine Railroad that leads to Charlestown's industrial district—Sullivan Square and Boston Autoport/Mystic Pier. The spur exits the NorthPoint rail yard using the same main track as the Grand Junction Railroad and then splits east just before the main track passes Sullivan Square, as shown on the Google Map just posted. The alternate spur of the Boston and Maine Railroad remains active nowadays yet sees little to no use due to inactivity in the area. While Mystic Pier was once a major freight delivery terminal in Boston home to many industrial businesses, nowadays South Boston's Seaport District sees greater activity due to its location nearer to I-93, which opened in the 1960s (to learn more about Boston's highway projects, see "Boston's Cancelled Highways" and "Copley Square"). Mystic Pier is now used to deliver new cars to Boston (hence the name "Boston Autoport"), and the cars are trucked from the Pier to dealerships due to railroad height restrictions in Boston. 1912 Bromley map index plate showing the path of the Boston and Maine Railroad's "Terminal Branch" freight spur out the nearby rail yard to Mystic Pier. Boston and Maine Railroad freight spur crossing over Rutherford Avenue in Charlestown, just by Sullivan Square with the Schrafft's Candy and Chocolate Company building in the distance. Note: To learn more about Sullivan Square, see "Sullivan Square" Boston and Maine Railroad spur tracks running through Boston Autoport; the new cars parked on the tracks are a testament to the spur's rare usage. After passing Sullivan Square, the Grand Junction Railroad splits along with the Newburyport and Rockport Lines of the Boston and Maine Railroad and passes through Chelsea. Just after passing Broadway in Chelsea, right after passing the present location of the Chelsea MBTA Commuter Rail station, the Grand Junction Railroad splits off from the Boston and Maine Railroad. When it was active, the railroad would cross Chelsea Creek on a dedicated drawbridge to reach East Boston, where there were multiple industries in need of freight rail service. The Grand Junction Railroad would then continue along a dedicated right-of-way to reach Jeffries Point in East Boston, its final destination. 1891 Walker map showing the path of the Grand Junction Railroad through Charlestown, Chelsea and East Boston. Note the absence of Logan Airport—the airport will be built on landfill around Wood Island Park, shown in the map below, in the early 1920s. Map courtesy Ward Maps. 1892 Bromley map of East Boston. The red arrow shows the path of the Grand Junction Railroad through East Boston to Jeffries Point, passing just by Maverick Square (circled in orange). Note the blue arrow, which shows the path of the Boston, Revere Beach and Lynn Railroad, a commuter railroad coming from the North Shore that also terminated in Jeffries Point. Commuters arriving via the B RB & L RR would then take a ferry to Rowes Wharf in Downtown Boston. 1912 Bromley map showing the area of the Grand Junction Railroad's coverage in East Boston closest to Chelsea Creek. As you can see, many industrial businesses lined the railroad here, particularly Standard Oil, which had a dedicated railroad spur. Note that the Boston and Maine Railroad extended into East Boston, as shown by the blue arrow, but terminated by Chelsea Creek, as shown by the blue square, leaving the Grand Junction Railroad as the only freight railroad to serve East Boston. 1922 Bromley map showing the layout of the Grand Junction Railroad's bridge over Chelsea Creek in greater detail—cars would cross over the Chelsea Street Bridge, and Grand Junction Railroad trains would cross over the train bridge at the car bridge's side. Photo of the Grand Junction Railroad's dedicated drawbridge over Chelsea Creek. Image courtesy bridgehunter.com. 1922 Bromley map of the Jeffries Point area. Blue arrow shows the path of the Grand Junction Railroad along the piers of Jeffries Point, which served businesses such as Leyland Steamship Company, shown here. Circled in red is the Boston Revere Beach and Lynn Railroad's track terminus and ferry terminal, where riders would board a ferry to continue onward to downtown Boston. Circled in green is the East Boston Immigration Station, where immigrants would have arrived via boat from 1920 to 1954. The Station stood vacant for almost sixty years before being demolished in 2012. The East Boston section of the Grand Junction Railroad no longer operates today. Remnants abound, yet trains have not run along the Railroad's right-of-way since the mid-1950s, when the Railroad was taken out of service and its drawbridge over Chelsea Creek demolished. Since then, the East Boston Grand Junction Railroad has served as a prime example of how decommissioned urban spaces can be repurposed to continue serving their communities. The southern section of the Railroad by Jeffries Point has been repurposed into urban green-space—the East Boston Greenway and Piers Park on Jeffries Point: View of the Jeffries Point end of the East Boston Greenway, an urban recreational path which runs along the southern section of the former Grand Junction Railroad right-of-way. The Greenway opened in 2007 and consists of landscaping and walking/running/biking trails. Note the decommissioned caboose in the view above, most likely once used on the Grand Junction Railroad. Google Maps aerial view of Piers Park, an extension of the East Boston Greenway's landscaping along Jeffries Point. Note that Grand Junction Railroad tracks still remain along some of the piers of Jeffries Point, such as the one along the red arrow in the view above. There are many more remnants of Jeffries Point's past as a substantial Boston port. The ferry terminal once used to carry passengers arriving on the Boston, Revere Beach and Lynn Railroad, another railroad that ran to Jeffries Point, to downtown Boston still stands on Jeffries Point today. Until its demolition in 2011, an immigration station originally constructed in the early 1920s and active until the mid-1950s (coincidentally also the date of the end of service on the East Boston branch of the Grand Junction Railroad) stood on Jeffries Point. Up ahead on the right is the former B RB & L RR ferry terminal on Jeffries Point. Below is the old immigration station, which has since been demolished. Another most interesting remnant of the Boston, Revere Beach and Lynn Railroad that can be found around Jeffries Point is the railroad's abandoned tunnel running from Everett Street to Jeffries Point. The tunnel was built to ease the railroad's passage down the steep incline between Everett Street and Jeffries Point and remains today in its original form, though all tracks have since been removed for scrap metal. The tunnel has been mostly filled in so as to prevent it from caving in, and it is thought to be too hazardous for anyone to explore. The tunnel is completely abandoned and has not been maintained for almost seventy years; accordingly, no homes have been built above the tunnel's path as it is thought that the tunnel would not be able to support the weight of a building. Google map of the tunnel's path between Everett Street and Jeffries Point. The tunnel's path is outlined in blue; note that there are no buildings built on top of the tunnel. The northern portal of the tunnel is circled in green, and the southern one in red; both portals remain today in their original form, albeit covered in overgrowth. Beautiful view of the Boston skyline from the Jeffries Point hill. As you can see, there is a steep drop down to the piers of Jeffries Point; swivel around 180 degrees on the street view, and you will see that there is a steep climb upward as well. Thus, in order to ease B RB & L trains' path up and down, the B RB & L RR built a tunnel down the hill. 1922 Bromley map showing the path of the tunnel down the hill. As you can see, there were no buildings built on top of the tunnel even back when it was regularly maintained. View of the northern tunnel portal just off of Everett Street; the half-circle portal entrance is visible just behind the thick overgrowth. The southern portal is not visible from the street as a building blocks access to it from Jeffries Point. Boston, Revere Beach and Lynn Railroad map showing the former route of the railroad between Lynn and Jeffries Point, where riders would board a ferry to Rowes Wharf in downtown Boston. The northern section of the East Boston Grand Junction Railroad remains as well; the right-of-way has been repurposed into the Martin A. Coughlin Bypass Road, a special access road for MassDOT, emergency and other commercial vehicles to reach Logan Airport without mixing in with regular traffic. View of the southern end of the Martin A. Coughlin Bypass Road, still under construction at the time this photograph was taken. Google map of the path of the Martin A. Coughlin Bypass Road, outlined with red arrows. The road begins as an offshoot from Chelsea Street along a former Grand Junction Railroad industrial spur and continues south along the main railroad until Logan Airport, where the East Boston Greenway begins. The entrance to the bypass road off of Chelsea Street, shown back when it was still an abandoned Grand Junction Railroad spur. Continuation of the abandoned spur across Chelsea Street. These tracks still remain in the street in their original form, as they were not paved over to make the bypass road. Across Chelsea Creek in Chelsea, the Grand Junction Railroad right-of-way remains intact. Most of the tracks have been removed for scrap metal or paved over, yet tracks can still be found here and there: Tracks remaining in the pavement crossing Eastern Avenue in Chelsea, just by Chelsea Creek and the old railroad drawbridge that carried the Grand Junction Railroad to and from East Boston. The bridge was demolished in the 1950s following the end of service on the East Boston Grand Junction Railroad. The Grand Junction Railroad right-of-way in Chelsea, as well as what is now the Martin A. Coughlin Bypass Road, will be used in the near future for an extension of the MBTA's Silver Line bus rapid transit line. The Silver Line, which currently terminates at Logan Airport, will be extended further into East Boston and into Chelsea, where it will join the commuter rail (and former Grand Junction Railroad) right-of-way and run along it to Mystic Mall in Chelsea. Silver Line Extension, outlined in red, shown on a projected 2024 MBTA map officially released by the MBTA in its Transportation Capital Investment Plan published in late 2013. Route of the abandoned Grand Junction Railroad right-of-way through Chelsea, passing between Chelsea Creek and the Newburyport/Rockport commuter rail line, outlined in red. Remnants of the Cambridge section of the Grand Junction Railroad are even more prevalent, given that the main railroad there remains intact and active to this day, albeit with much less traffic. Since MIT began buying and redeveloping industrial properties around it and freight transport via rail began to be phased out in favor of air travel and trucking, the Grand Junction Railroad has seen dramatically less usage—nowadays, about the only traffic the Cambridge Railroad sees is non-revenue transfers of MBTA commuter rail and Amtrak equipment from Boston's northern rail lines to the city's southern lines and the occasional freight train. Such transfers are very infrequent yet cannot be done without the Grand Junction Railroad, which serves as the only North-South connecting rail in Boston as plans for a North-South Rail Connector in Boston remain in limbo. (Note: see the following Sierra Club brochure for more information about the proposed North-South Rail Connector: http://www.sierraclubmass.org/issues/conservation/nsrl/nsrl_brochure.pdf) Accordingly, the Cambridge Railroad has fallen into disuse and disrepair. In spots where the railroad once numbered five tracks across, the railroad has been cut down to a single track. The part of the railroad that remains, particularly the bridge over the Charles River by BU, is very unreliable. From November 2012 to January 2013, the railroad was closed to all traffic due to the bridge's deteriorating condition. This closure was following a decree issued less than a week earlier that trains would be restricted to travel at no more than 5 MPH on the entire railroad. The railroad reopened again in January but was then closed from March until June for major repairs on the Charles River bridge. The bridge is now traversable but remains in very poor condition. Likewise, further along the railroad, many industrial spurs once used to deliver freight directly to factories have been abandoned and remain today covered in dirt and overgrowth and, in many cases, almost completely paved over such that the spur's remaining trackage is disconnected from the main railroad. The rusty, heavily vandalized and overall decrepit Grand Junction Bridge over the Charles River. Image copyright Panoramio User @ma333ma. Abandoned, disused Grand Junction Railroad spur off of Waverly Street by MIT. Swivel the Street View around, and you will see that the spur is just about completely covered by sand, making it impossible for trains to use the tracks. The 1916 Bromley map above shows the main Grand Junction Railroad along Vassar Street with four tracks across. Today, as shown below there are only two active tracks, with a third unused, significantly obscured track remaining on the side: Just as the abandoned Grand Junction Railroad right-of-way in Chelsea will soon be rehabilitated and repurposed as the Chelsea extension of the Silver Line, the Cambridge branch of the Grand Junction Railroad will soon see new usage as a branch of the upcoming Indigo Line. The Indigo Line is a new initiative of the MBTA to bring more frequent service with more frequent stops among existing commuter rail lines as well as to bring back service to two disused railroads along which demand for service has resurfaced. One of those disused railroads is Track 61 in South Boston, where the MBTA will be building an Indigo Line branch that will connect Back Bay Station by Copley Square with the Boston Convention and Exhibition Center in the trendy Seaport (since rebranded as the "Innovation") District. The other railroad that will see new service is the Cambridge branch of the Grand Junction Railroad. The new line will begin at a new station, "West Station," to be built in Allston and will continue along the Grand Junction Railroad, making a stop in Cambridge by MIT before continuing onwards to North Station. The new line will fill a special niche, linking jobs and education at MIT with housing in Allston and more housing and businesses in downtown Boston. Grand Junction Indigo Line branch shown on the MBTA's projected 2024 map. After lying dormant in the case of the Chelsea/East Boston section, or virtually dormant in the case of the Cambridge section, the Grand Junction Railroad is set to become a prime example of how disused urban space built for a function that is no longer relevant can be repurposed to address new needs and serve a new, relevant purpose in a modern city. Just as the Southwest Corridor, cleared to become a planned highway that was later cancelled (more on that in "Boston's Cancelled Highways"), became the Southwest Corridor Bike Path, community gardens and the new right-of-way for the Orange Line, so too the Grand Junction Railroad right-of-way has already been repurposed into the East Boston Greenway and Martin A. Coughlin Bypass Road and will soon come to host the Silver Line Extension into Chelsea and the Cambridge Indigo Line. As Boston continues to grow, it will become increasingly important for disused space to be redeveloped and used to fill gaps in commercial, residential and transit development. The Grand Junction Railroad is an encouraging sign and a significant step in the right direction.	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line292
__label__cc	0.626783	0.373217	TOUR DESCRIPTION The Half Day City Tour takes you onto a fascinating history journey starting in Panama Viejo, where Pedro Arias de Avila founded the first Spanish City on 15 August 1519, continues to Casco Antiguo, the historic center of Panama city with beautiful restored colonial houses, interesting museums, cathedrals and plazas. 4+ persons: US$75 per person plus 7% tax 2-3 persons: US$110 per person plus 7% tax INCLUDED Bilingual naturalist guide, museum and related fees, bottled water, transportation from/to your hotel in Panama City (please note that a $35 per person roundtrip surcharge based on 2+ persons must be added to day tours beginning and/or ending at Gamboa Rainforest Resort, Canopy Tower, Playa Bonita or hotels near Tocumen Airport) DISCLAIMER Prices and itineraries are correct at the time of printing, however they are subject to change due to weather or local conditions, availabilities or factors beyond our control. Begin your exploration today with a short ride across town to the ruins of Panama Viejo (the old city). Panama City is the oldest continuously occupied European settlement in the Pacific coast of the Americas. It was founded in 1519 as a consequence of the discovery by the Spanish of the “South Sea” in 1513. The archaeological remains of the original settlement (known today as the Archaeological Site of Panamá Viejo) include the Pre-Columbian vestiges of the Cuevan aboriginal occupation of the same name, and currently encompass a UNESCO protected heritage site covering 32 hectares. The settlement was a first rank colonial outpost and seat of a Royal Court of Justice during the 16th and 17th centuries when Panama consolidated its position as an intercontinental hub. Its growth in importance, as it profited from the imperial bullion lifeline, is reflected by the imposing stone architecture of its public and religious buildings. During its 152 years of existence, the town was affected by slave rebellion, fire and an earthquake, but was destroyed in the wake of a devastating attack in 1671 by pirate Henry Morgan. Continue to Casco Antiguo. In 1673, after the devastating pirate attack, Panama City was moved some 7.5 km west, to a small peninsula at the foot of Ancon hill, closer to the islands that were used as the port and near the mouth of a river that eventually became the entrance of the Panama Canal. The relocated town, known today as Casco Antiguo or the Historic District of Panama, not only had better access to fresh water but could be fortified. The military engineers, moreover, took advantage of the morphological conditions that complemented the wall surrounding the peninsula, all of which prevented direct naval approaches by an enemy. Several buildings within the District are identified as important for the country’s 17th-20th century heritage. Most outstanding are the churches, above all the metropolitan cathedral with its five aisles and timber roof; San Felipe Neri, San José, San Francisco and especially La Merced with its well-preserved colonial timber roof. The Presidential Palace originally built in the late 17th century and partially reconstructed in the 18th, 19th and early 20th centuries, is a revealing example of the transformations that characterize the Historic District as a whole. The House of the Municipality, the National Theatre, the Ministry of Government and Justice and the Municipal Palace are outstanding buildings of a more recent period. Casco Antiguo is another UNESCO World Heritage Site. The tour ends with a visit the Interoceanic Canal museum that is housed in the building that was the original headquarters for the French canal building effort in the 1880s. After the tour, return to your hotel. 08:30 hrs. Approximate pick up time at your hotel in Panama City 12:30 hrs Approximate return to your hotel in Panama City This tour is available from Tuesday through Sunday (on Mondays the museums in Panama are closed). Check our SPECIALS SECTION for current "open tours" with already passengers signed up or review our green season Specials! Binoculars (available for rent at Ancon Expeditions of Panama) Cap or hat Light raincoat Tennis shoes or sandals Naturalist guide/Tour leader: US$10.00-US$20.00 per person/day Day tour guide: US$10.00 per person/day “It was a fantastic tour. Our guide, did a super job. It was a great experience and would recommend it to anyone.” Joseph G. Acker, USA "Hello Nadja, Just wanted to say thank you ever so much for your assistance with bookings and information for our trip. Both tours were excellent and the guides were exceptionally brilliant. I shall recommend your company to everyone I know. We are on our way home to cold and wintery England but will return one day for sure." Dominic Canti, England “Unfortunately, our stay in Panama City was very short, just for three days… This means that we had to see and learn so many things in only a very short time. I think that the two day tours we took with your company gave us the opportunity to do so, but not only… we got much more than we had expected… MUCHAS GRACIAS!” Chrystalla Koumi, Cyprus “The trip met our expectations with respect to the people we met, the hotels, and the meals. It was a great trip. We enjoyed every day.” Max Wilson, USA From getting information on the telephone, to choosing a mutually agreeable location to meet, to the sign made up so we could find our guide, to our guide and what the tour encompassed - ABSOLUTELY FANTASTIC MELANIE, all 4 of us loved it and believe we received good value for our money. We ate in a small restaurant in Casco Viejo, loved the atmosphere, food & service. No dislikes on the tour, would highly recommend it.” Mauren Richichi, Canada “Good Morning Katiana. First I would like to thank you for all your assistance in getting my tour booked and arrangement for us. I had a wonderful time, learned a lot and was very enjoyable time. Lunch was excellent, nice and cozy restaurant, very well done.” Nathalie Hains, USA “We had a great day learning about Panama's history and having a tour of the city. It was an excellent way to start our trip, and we'd ask for our guides again.” Lucy Preson, USA	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line296
__label__wiki	0.583147	0.583147	Valentino Speaks Voce Valentino Blog Beauty Wanted Going for Excelsior Letters from Janice The Untold Story Home / 2014 / Archives for September 2014 Synchronicity in “Son of the Sheik” September 21, 2014 By Wayne Leave a Comment Having just viewed Valentino’s final film again, this time at the Castro Theater in San Francisco, I was struck, not only by the perfection of the script in terms of visual story-telling, but by what this role obviously meant to him on a soul level. He somehow knew that this was to be his last cinematographic effort and he wanted to leave us begging for more, to go out at the top of his game. What is most interesting to me is that by playing both roles Valentino chose to reveal his inner self, seemingly in conflict, in the personas of the Sheik, paterfamilias, still vital and stubborn despite his age, and Ahmed, his prideful and passionate son. The script uses their perceived differences to advance the plot but my contention is that this role was particularly integrative for Valentino. Since he would never reach the age of fifty, he got to experience what being older might feel like, wearing the skin of the Sheik, père. Indeed, it must have been fun for him to play at that through the use of make-up and camera effects. Valentino, as perhaps no other actor ever could, was able to project the father/son bond, on both sides of the coin, when they appeared together in split screen. How else could two characters be so solid and warm in each other’s presence while at the same time fully maintaining their respective individualities as defined by the script? The big fight scene near the end says it all, especially when the camera reveals father and son briefly linking hands as a sign of their mutual trust and support. In my opinion, this dual role was therapeutic in some sense as, according to biographers, he did not have a strong bond with his own father. Here he was able to experience that, of his own volition. Having completed this film and already aware that it was going to be successful at the box office before he died, Valentino was able to leave this world knowing that he had given it his all. That is why, I believe, his star became fixed in the firmament and has never dimmed: because he truly showed us his heart! Filed Under: Reflections & Ruminations, Valentino Filmography, Voce Valentino Blog Copyright © 2020 \| Website Designed by The Creative Soul	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line306
__label__wiki	0.703589	0.703589	Evangelical Theological Perspectives on Roman Catholicism Previous Files Tag: pedophilia 74. The UN, the Vatican, and their Political and Theological Abuses The United Nations’ report on Vatican child protection efforts (5th February) has stirred many reactions on various fronts. In regard to the Catholic Church’s approach to dealing with cases of pedophilia, the UN Committee on the Rights of the Child has assessed the situation and pointed out some remaining areas of opacity in Vatican procedures concerning such matters. The Committee has also taken the opportunity to recommend certain changes in the ways in which the Catholic Church thinks of reproductive rights and education of sexuality. Fighting Abuses and Recommending Politically Correct Changes For decades cases of pedophilia committed by Catholic priests have been reported without the Church authorities taking immediate action to stop such abuses, to protect the children involved, and to prevent further episodes. The general tendency has been to downplay the reports and safeguard the interests of the institution by trying to maintain the lowest profile possible. Instead of being transparent and honest, the Church has often practiced a self-defensive approach. It needs to be said that Cardinal Ratzinger, then Pope Benedict XVI, has worked hard to change the internal policies and that the attitude of the Roman Catholic hierarchy has varied from place to place, largely depending on the social control that the Church was able to exercise on society and the media. The UN Committee now surveying the situation acknowledges the improvements and solicits a fully transparent policy against pedophilia. What is perhaps more striking, however, is what the report says beyond pedophilia. The UN document addresses areas such as reproductive rights and discrimination, abortion and contraception and sexuality in general. In recommending stronger actions against sexual abuses against children, it also encourages the Catholic Church to revise its teachings on various “sensible” ethical issues which belong to the traditional Christian moral vision. It criticizes the “conservative” stance on sexuality and pushes for more “progressive” views on life issues. A document that was intended to report on the state of affairs concerning pedophilia is instead become a proposal for re-working the moral teaching of the Church. Is this what a UN agency is meant to do? Does the Church Need a “Holy See”? Many observers have rightly criticized this ideological use of a UN report which intrudes on matters that belong to the moral sphere. Some have seen it as an attempt to impose a “politically correct” view on sex and reproductive freedom. Others have questioned the composition of the Committee which is largely influenced by representatives of NGOs that will fight for abortion on demand. All these concerns are matters of serious consideration. The document is more of a “culture war” text than a specific report on a certain issue. The pervasive role of the UN in promoting a secularist “single thought” is apparent. Having said all this, there is another fundamental question that is not being addressed, let alone asked by commentators. It is a question that goes beyond the specific contents of the report. Why on earth does the Roman Catholic Church need a “Holy See” for its mission? The Holy See is a sovereign state with full political and diplomatic authority, it’s a territory, an army, and a bank. The Pope is a political monarch. The Holy See is part of the United Nations as a nation among others. Of course, the Holy See is a child of a long historical process whereby the Roman Church in its central institution has developed a dual identity, i.e. a church and a state joined together. Everyone is a child of its history, but the church should always be ready to change according to the Word of God and concerning things that are contrary to the will of its Master. Jesus Christ, the true head of the church, never intended the church to be a state and its pastors to be political kings. According to the Bible, Caesar and the magistrates have their legitimate authority. While living in the world of Caesar and the magistrates the church has a different calling, not to be confused nor overlapped with the former. While the UN abuses its power in commending a secularist agenda, the Holy See abuses its identity in being what its alleged Lord never wanted it to be. The UN needs to be questioned politically but the Vatican in its institutional outlook needs to be challenged theologically. Vatican Files is a project of the Reformanda Initiative. We exist to identify, unite, equip, and resource evangelical leaders to understand Roman Catholic theology and practice, to educate the evangelical Church and to communicate the Gospel. Leonardo De Chirico (1967) planted and pastored an Evangelical church in Ferrara (northern Italy) from 1997 to 2009. Since 2009 he has been involved in a church planting project in Rome and is now pastor of the church Breccia di Roma (www.brecciadiroma.it ). Additionally, Leonardo is the Director of the Reformanda Initiative, which aims to equip evangelical leaders to better understand and engage with Roman Catholicism, and the leader of the Rome Scholars Network (RSN). He earned degrees in History (University of Bologna), Theology (ETCW, Bridgend, Wales) and Bioethics (University of Padova). His PhD is from King’s College (London) and it was published as Evangelical Theological Perspectives on Post-Vatican II Roman Catholicism (Bern-Oxford: Peter Lang 2003). Read full bio and bibliography Subscribe to the Vatican Files: 171. The Theology of Pope Benedict XVI: Looking for a Deeper Protestant Evaluation 170. Totus Christus (The Whole Christ) or Solus Christus (Christ Alone)? On The Damages of Augustine’s Formula and the Correction of the Protestant Reformation 169.“Baptized and Sent”: Is This the Biblical Mission? 168. Contested Catholicity: In What Sense Is the Church Catholic? 167. Why Do They Cross the Tiber? Stories of Evangelical Conversions to Rome IFED Ratio et Revelatio Reformanda Initiative	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line308
__label__wiki	0.513398	0.513398	CHINA> Scenic Spots Taiwan, HK, Macao (China Daily) Located in the south of Anhui Province, straddling Shexian, Yixian, Taiping and Xiuning counties. It was called Yishan Mountain in the Qin Dynasty (221-206BC), and got its current name in 747 during the Tang Dynasty (618-907). Guanyin Rock by Zhang Yongfu The scenic area covers 154 square kilometers, and is celebrated for its peaks, rocks, pines, clouds and springs. The renowned Four Wonders of Huangshan Mountain are the spectacular rocks, oddly shaped pines, hot springs and sea of clouds. Huangshan Mountain has distinctive scenes respectively in spring, summer, autumn and winter, which earns it the name Earthly Fairyland. Other attractions are lakes, waterfalls, streams, rare flowers and animals. Forests cover 83.4% of the area, with some 1,452 species of native plants in 203 families. Huangshan Mountain also has a rich cultural heritage. Xu Xiake, a famous traveler of the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644) visited Huangshan Mountain twice, and described it in a poem, calling it best of all mountains in China. Huangshan Mountain has long been closely connected with religion. As early as in the Tang Dynasty (618-907), stories about Huangdi (the Yellow Emperor), and the alchemists Rong Chengzi and Fu Qiugong making pills of immortality on Huangshan Mountain were recorded. Many peaks are named after them, such as Xanyuan Peak, Fuqiu Peak and Pill-making Peak. Even the name Huangshan Mountain is related to the story of the Yellow Emperor's making of pills of immortality. Taoist temples built on Huangshan Mountain in the early days are Fuqiu Temple, Nine-Dragon Temple and so on. Since the end of the Ming Dynasty, Buddhism has taken the place of Taoism in Huangshan Mountain culture. Buddhist monasteries have been built in large numbers, among which, Xiangfu, Ciguang, Cuiwei and Zhibo are called the Four Big Monasteries of Huangshan Mountain. Generation after generation, people have come to eulogize Huangshan Mountain, resulting in a rich legacy of art and literature. Some artists have even formed the Huangshan Mountain School. Besides, there are numerous and widespread fairy tales and legends about the Mountain. Clouds covered mountains by Zhang Yongfu Huangshan Mountain has a complex geological history. The formation of the peaks dates back to the Jurassic Period of the Mesozoic Era as a result of crustal movements and subsequent uplift. During the late Mesozoic Era and the early Cenozoic Era, a large amount of granite magma erupted through fissures due to further crustal movements, which became the main body of the Mountain after cooling down. Geologically, Huangshan Mountain is located in the transitional area between two structures. Granite formation is characterized by faults and joints. The major faults include the Huangshan Mountain fault (or Xiaoyaoxi fault), Lotus Peak fault, the fault at the back of the Mountain and the fault along the way from the Paiyun Pavilion to Xihaigou. These joints are well advanced into four major groups. They are cubical, vertical, longitudinal, latitudinal, X-shaped or irregular in terms of shape. Huangshan Mountain also shows evidence of later glaciation during the Quaternary Period, as pointed out in 1936 by Li Siguang, a renowned Chinese geologist. Thanks to the complicated natural environment, Huangshan Mountain has a well-preserved ecosystem. Vegetation covers 82.6% and forest, 56% of the total land area. Some 1,450 plant species are native to the area, of which one is under first grade protection; four are under second grade, and eight under third grade. There are ten species on the verge of extinction, with six endemic to China and two to Huangshan Mountain. Legends and Stories The wonderful scenery of Huangshan Mountain has attracted many visitors. Among them were said to be immortals, like the Yellow Emperor, the Dragon King and even the Eight Immortals. The story goes that once on the day of the annual gathering of the Eight Immortals, seven of them arrived on time, while Han Xiangzi was late. Zhang Guolao guessed that Han Xiangzi must have been fascinated by the scenery of Huangshan Mountain on his way. Then Zhang Guolao flew into the sky to look for Han Xiangzi. Just as Zhang expected, Han was sightseeing on Huangshan Mountain. He was enjoying himself so much that he forgot the gathering. Zhang tried every possible way to persuade Han to leave. Han, however, was reluctant to go, and turned a stone into a replica of himself, in case he forgot the way to Huangshan Mountain the next time. The stone therefore was named Immortal Showing the Way. Zhang, for fear that Han would slip away again, rode backwards on his donkey to keep Han in sight and also to keep seeing the mountain. Email to Friends Print Save	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line311
__label__cc	0.707524	0.292476	CHRIS HEMSWORTH NETWORK Welcome to Chris Hemsworth Network - your online resource for all things featuring the talented Australian actor, Chris Hemsworth. Chris may be best known as "Thor" in the Marvel Cinematic Universe. Fans may also recognize Chris from other projects such as The Cabin in the Woods, Rush, Snow White and the Huntsman and In the Heart of the Sea. Online since May 2009, our goal is to bring you all the latest news and images regarding Chris and his career. We hope you enjoy your stay, bookmark the site and visit often for all your Chris needs. Home > Film Productions > Bad Times at the El Royale (2018) > Screen Captures Album name: rachel / Screen Captures URL: http://chris-hemsworth.org/gallery/displayimage.php?pid=64694 © 2015 Chris Hemsworth Network \| Theme by MonicaNDesign \| Powered by Coppermine Chris Hemsworth Network is a non-profit fan site, completely unofficial, and is in no way trying to infringe on the copyrights or businesses of any of the entities. We have no affiliation with Chris Hemsworth, anyone around him or anyone who represents him. All pictures, videos and other media are copyright to their respective owners, no copyright infringement is ever intended. If there is anything on this site that belongs to you and you'd like it removed, please contact us. If you have something you would like to donate to the photo archive, please do so by emailing us.	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line312
__label__wiki	0.718523	0.718523	George W. Smith, Jr. COOPERSTOWN - George W. Smith, Jr. died peacefully Wednesday, December 23, 2015, at St. Francis Hospital in Tulsa, Oklahoma, after a brief illness. George was born March 10, 1930, in Delhi to George W. Smith and Viola Freidenstine Smith. He spent his early years in Delaware County, and began his education in the Rock Valley and Goulds schools where both of his parents were teachers. He moved to Cooperstown with his family in 1945 when they relocated to establish cauliflower farms in the Pierstown area. During his last two years of high school George distinguished himself as a three-star athlete in football, basketball and baseball under the tutelage of "Red" Bursey. As quarterback he led the 1947 football team through an undefeated season and often recalled, "beating Oneonta in the snow." George-along with his teammates-was recently inducted into the Cooperstown Central School Athletic Hall of Fame. George attended Springfield College for two years before enlisting in the Air Force where he proudly served his country for four years during the Korean War. In 1956 he moved to Colorado where he completed his education at the University of Colorado in Boulder with a degree in economics. Upon his graduation he went to work for UNIVAC and began his career as a sales representative on "the cutting edge" of the computer industry. He married Lona Smith October 7, 1967 in Denver, Colorado and the couple moved to Los Angeles, California, where George became sales manager for Systems, Science, and Software. In 1973 George returned to his hometown of Cooperstown to take over the operation of the family dairy farms. In addition George and Lona opened and operated Summerwood Bed and Breakfast in Richfield Springs from 1984-2000. When they sold Summerwood, George and Lona returned to live in the farmhouse on top of the hill on his much loved Tanner Hill Farms. In recent years George and Lona spent the winter months in Florida. George loved to travel and meet new friends. The Cooperstown United Methodist Church was his church family for most of his life. He was a lifetime member of the Sgt. Walter P. Eggleston Veterans of Foreign Wars Post No 7128 in Cooperstown and a member of the Glimmerglass Festival Guild. He is survived by his wife, Lona, of 48 years; sister Kathryn Smith Mollach; nieces Jennifer Mollach Rice (Steven) and August, Patricia Mollach Cassidy, Martha Mollach Stackhouse (Kendal) Julia and Matthew; sister-in-law Sue Parkinson; sister-in-law and brother-in-law Wilda and Jim Metzdorf; niece Amy Metzdorf-Hill (Justin Hill) and Jasmin Hill; his extended Butler family; special friends Cal, Bob, Richard, Herman, Patrick, Wayne, Jason, and Nick; and many long-time friends in Denver and Los Angeles and across the country. George was predeceased by his parents George W. and Viola Freidenstine Smith, and his brother-in-law, Francis (Les) Mollach and nephew Douglas Lundquist. There will be a memorial service honoring George's life in Cooperstown in the Spring of 2016. Posted by Connell, Dow & Deysenroth, Inc. on Sunday, December 27, 2015 Barbara Fort Dorsey COOPERSTOWN - Barbara Fort Dorsey, 88, of Cooperstown, died peacefully Friday, December 18, 2015, at Bassett Medical Center in Cooperstown, surrounded by her family. Born March 14, 1927 in Utica, Barbara was the only child of Margaret (McKenny) William Lapham Fort. Raised in Douglaston, Queens, she studied English at Marymount College in Tarrytown. She married John David Dorsey June 10, 1950, in St. Anastasia Church in Douglaston. The couple raised a family in Ridgewood, New Jersey, where they lived for four decades. Barbara moved to Cooperstown in 1991, a community she proudly adored. She resided on Nelson Avenue and more recently at The Clara Welch Thanksgiving Home. She was a devoted parishioner of St. Mary's Roman Catholic Church, where she was a Eucharistic Minister and a member of the Bereavement Committee and the (St.) Mary Widows. She was a volunteer at Bassett Medical Center and belonged to the Glimmerglass Opera Guild, the Women's Club of Cooperstown, and the Dinner Belles. She was also an active member of the Daughters of the American Revolution and the Princeton Club of New York. Barbara was an avid tourist, travelling widely in Europe and Asia. She was a lover of animals, making a home for many a needy feline, one of whom, Pippen, was locally famous for her escapades. She was a lifelong fan of the New York Yankees. Above all, Barbara devoted her life to her cherished family. She is survived by her four children, Jean Dorsey Cramer and her husband, William, of Cooperstown, Meg Dorsey of Auburn, California, John Fort Dorsey and his wife, Kara, of Cornwall and Amy Dorsey of Fort Collins, Colorado; her six grandchildren, Samuel Cramer, Matthew Cramer, Elizabeth Cramer, Alex Roehrkasse, Maria Roehrkasse, and Julia Thorbjornsen; and her two great grandchildren, Zoë Cramer and Benjamin Cramer. She was predeceased by her husband, John. Visitation hours were held at Connell, Dow & Deysenroth Funeral Home in Cooperstown on Sunday, December 20, 2015, from 4-6 p.m. The Liturgy of Christian Burial will be celebrated at St. Mary's "Our Lady of the Lake" Roman Catholic Church in Cooperstown, Monday, December 21, 2015, at 10 a.m. In lieu of flowers, please send donations to the Susquehanna Animal Shelter, 4841 State Highway 28, Cooperstown, NY 13326. Leah H. Waits Generous, Gracious, Loving, Kind COOPERSTOWN - Leah Maxine Henry Waits, 97, of Cooperstown, New York, formerly of Springfield, Ohio, passed away on December 14, 2015 in Cooperstown, New York. Born to the late Lucinda (Lula) Hubbard Henry and Carl Henry of Chicago, Illinois, August 6, 1918, in St. Louis, Missouri, Leah graduated from Milan High School in 1938 and attended Trenton Junior College, now North Central Missouri College, Trenton, Missouri. Upon her marriage to Harold L. Waits (deceased, 1991) in 1942, and relocating to Ohio, she raised two daughters and was employed as a budget analyst at Wright Patterson Air Force Base. She retired in 1984 after twenty-five years of service. She was a member of First Christian Church in Springfield, Ohio, for almost seventy years. Leah was the founding member of Springfield Chapter of Beta Sigma Phi Sorority, 1945, a volunteer for the Springfield Symphony, and a member of the Clark County Historical Society. Leah was a devoted mother and homemaker who enjoyed her children, grandchildren and great grandson. She is survived by her two daughters and sons-in-law, Pamela and Philip Washburn of Cooperstown, New York and Penny and Martin West of Ligonier, Pennsylvania; four grandchildren, Matthew and John Washburn, Jane and Benjamin West (Karen Crowther); one great grandson, Alexander M. Washburn; and many wonderful and attentive cousins of St. Louis, Missouri. Her optimistic and generous spirit will be missed by all who knew her. A Memorial Service will be announced at a later date. Arrangements are with the Connell, Dow & Deysenroth Funeral Home in Cooperstown, New York. Mary E. Higgins HARTWICK - Mary E. Higgins, 61, of Hartwick, passed away December 14, 2015, at Bassett Medical Center in Cooperstown with her family by her side following a long illness. Born December 26, 1953, in Emmetsburg, Iowa, Mary was one of nine children of James H. and Kathleen M. (Healy) Millea. She graduated with the Class of 1972 from Cooperstown Central School. She was first employed for the IRS in lower Manhattan. In the 1980s she owned and operated The Hub Coffee Shop and General Store in Hartwick. She then worked for the Otsego County Sheriff's Department until 1994, at which time she became employed by The Leatherstocking Corporation where she worked until very recently. Mary met Orrin D. Higgins at a dance at the Fly Creek Hotel. The pair was a perfect match and they were married July 29, 1974, in a ceremony at St. Mary's Catholic Church in Cooperstown. Mary's greatest joy was spending time with her children and grandchildren. She loved being outdoors and building campfires on the hill. She learned to play the piano with her dear friend Linda, practicing yoga and Zumba, and Irish Step Dancing. She is survived by her loving husband of 41 years, Orrin of Hartwick; three daughters, Brenda Nass (Bryan) of Ellensburg, Washington, Tamara Ashley (Matt) of Cortland, and Carrie Higgins Lorenz (Mike) of Hartwick; son Orrin D. Higgins, Jr. (Melissa) of Hartwick; special member of the family, Paige Shaul; and four grandchildren, Mitchell and Morghan Nass of Ellensburg, WA and Lily and Sawyer Higgins of Hartwick. She is further survived by her seven brothers and one sister and their families: Thomas Millea (Carole) and Denis Millea (Janice), all of Peru, NY, James Millea of Scottsdale, AZ, Joe Millea (Susan) of Yacolt, WA, Pat Millea (Wendy) of Maryland, NY, Mike Millea of Hartwick, NY, Robert Millea (Sukena) of Atlanta, GA, and Eileen Murdock (Bob) of Hartwick; and her father, James Millea of Hartwick. She was predeceased by her beloved mother, Kathleen Millea. The family wishes to extend a heartfelt thank you to Miss Jane Clark and The Leatherstocking Corporation, Maryanne Kehoe, Bassett 3rd floor and SCU, and many friends and family for all of their support A time to gather and visit with Mary's family will be offered from 4-6 p.m. on Tuesday, December 22, 2015, at the Connell, Dow & Deysenroth Funeral Home, 82 Chestnut Street, Cooperstown. For those who wish to remember Mary with a memorial gift, her family suggests that the following organizations be considered: A tuition scholarship in Mary's name for The O'Donnell-Kelly School of Irish Dance (please contact Kathleen O'Donnell at 607-293-6199); or The Kinney Memorial Library, P.O. Box 176, Hartwick, NY 13348. Posted by Connell, Dow & Deysenroth, Inc. on Wednesday, December 16, 2015 Marjorie L. Ofer COOPERSTOWN - Marjorie L. Ofer (née Betulius) passed away at Focus Otsego on December 11, 2015, at the age of 85. Her trajectory from a small farm in southern Indiana to retirement on the Upper West Side of Manhattan attests to her inviolable strength and belief in the possible. After graduating from Evansville College with a degree in education, she taught elementary school in Evansville, Indiana. Later in her career she obtained her librarian's certification. Her husband, Cosmas Ofer, predeceased her in 1979. Upon retirement she moved to New York City, where she lived for 23 years. The greatest joys of her life were her three grandchildren, whom she enculturated in New York City, Chautauqua and Europe. She is survived by her son Kurt, his wife Teresa, and their three children, Virginia, Hans and Max. A celebration of Margie's life will be held in Evansville at a later date. Memorial gifts may be made to Chautauqua UCC Society and sent to Ruth Becker, 5706 Encampment Ct., Fairfax Station, VA 22039. Lois L. Itzen COOPERSTOWN - Lois L. Itzen, 88, of Woodside Hall in Cooperstown and formerly of Milford Center, passed away Friday morning, December 11, 2015, at Bassett Medical Center in Cooperstown. She was born Lois Laura Nelson April 26, 1927, in Montpelier, Vermont, a daughter of Richard and Mable (Potter) Nelson. On November 17, 1946, Lois married Victor Itzen in Wyckoff, New Jersey. The family moved to Milford Center in 1951 where they enjoyed raising and caring for sheep on their family farm. Lois especially liked knitting and spinning her own wool yarn from their sheep. In 1988, the couple moved to a home in the Town of Middlefield. She was always very proud of the time she spent working with 4-H and her girls, and will be remembered for being very independent, an animal lover, and a lifetime learner who was always interested in learning as much as she could. Lois is survived by one daughter, Mrs. Vicki Roberson and her husband, Alan, of Lewisville, Texas; a son-in-law, Dale Howe of Bertha, Minnesota; five grandchildren; and three great grandchildren. In addition to her parents, she was predeceased by her husband, Victor, who died November 19, 2008; one daughter, Nancy Itzen Howe, who died September 27, 1973; and one granddaughter, Michelle L. Stanton, who died in December 2004. A graveside service will be offered at 1 p.m. this afternoon, Monday, December 14, 2015, in the Milford Center Cemetery with the Rev. Stephen Fournier, pastor of the Milford Center Community Bible Church, officiating. Doris Vivian Hughes Powers HARTWICK - Doris Powers, 92, passed away Saturday, December 5, 2015. She was born on May 24, 1923, in the Town of Hartwick, the daughter of Madge (Gregory) and Gerald Hughes. She grew up in South Hartwick, attended South Hartwick District School and graduated salutatorian from Hartwick High School. She worked at Marlette's store in Mt. Vision and was a bookkeeper at Lynn Trailer in Oneonta during the war. In 1943, she married William Powers and moved to Hinman Hollow where she became a valued member of the community and welcoming wagon for new families moving to the area. She was a member of the Hinman Hollow Grange for 72 years, a leader of the Hartwick Hustlers 4-H Club, a member of the South Hartwick Home Bureau, a life-time member of the Hartwick Historical Society, and in 1999 was named Hartwick Citizen of the Year. She was also an Election Inspector for the County and on the Co-operative Extension Executive Board. She was a devout Christian, grew up as a member of the Hartwick Methodist Church and after marriage she became a member of St. Mary's Catholic Church of Cooperstown. She was the mother of nine children, a farm wife who grew large gardens and canned her own food. Doris was an avid reader and loved reading to her children, grandchildren and great grandchildren. She was well-known for her Chinese Checkers skills and sending your ball in croquet. She was always young at heart and was still sledding at 90. In recent years you could drive past the farmhouse and see her sitting on the porch swing watching her hummingbirds and sunsets. The center of her life, and her dearest devotion and love was for Bill, her husband and partner for 72 years. She was his bookkeeper, manager, accountant and support. When he died this past July part of her went as well. She has now joined him for eternity. Doris is survived by her five daughters, Shirley Dobkins of Costa Mesa, California, Nancy Wyant of Hyattsville, Maryland, Jean Barry of Hartwick, Annette Kalinoski and husband, Tom, of Fletcher, Vermont, and Jackie Fricke and husband, John, of Northfield, Vermont; two sons, William, Jr. of Milford, and Joseph and wife, Mary, of Pleasant Valley; 17 grandchildren; eight great grandchildren; her sister-in-law, Susan Gladstone of West Henrietta; and many nieces and nephews. She was predeceased by her husband, Bill; brother, Donald; and two daughters, Barbara and Judy. Calling hours will be at the Connell, Dow & Deysenroth Funeral Home in Cooperstown from 4-7 p.m. on Friday, December 11, 2015. The Liturgy of Christian Burial will be offered at 10 a.m. on Saturday, December 12, 2015, at St. Mary's "Our Lady of the Lake" Roman Catholic Church in Cooperstown, with Fr. John P. Rosson, pastor, officiating. The Service of Committal and Burial will follow in St. Mary's Cemetery, Index. In lieu of flowers, expressions of sympathy in the form of memorial gifts may be made to the Hinman Hollow Grange, 1049 County Highway 45, Milford, NY 13807. Posted by Connell, Dow & Deysenroth, Inc. on Tuesday, December 08, 2015 John H. Schallert, Sr. COOPERSTOWN - John H. Schallert, Sr., 87, of Fork Shop, passed away in the early morning hours of Thursday, December 3, 2015, at the home of his daughter, Patricia, in Kalama, Washington. He was born November 5, 1928, in Cooperstown, a son of Otto F. and Florentina (Petri) Schallert. He spent the early years of his life with his family at the Toddsville store, which they operated and lived in an apartment upstairs. The store has since been moved to The Farmers' Museum in Cooperstown. From there they moved to Oaksville where he spent the remainder of his childhood. In 1946, John married Violet Weir or "Buster" as she was affectionately known. Soon thereafter John enlisted in the United States Army and proudly served his country during World War II as a Military Policeman. He received his Honorable Discharge from the military and returned to Fly Creek. John was a logger until the 1960s, at which time he and Violet purchased Fork Shop Farm on Bissell Road in Fly Creek, which they operated until his retirement in 1995. A lifelong breeder of Registered Holstein cattle, he was very proud of the "Fork Shop" prefix granted him by the Holstein-Fresian Association of America. John is survived by two sons, John H. Schallert, Jr. and JoAnn L. Dow of Hartwick and Richard J. Schallert of Milford; five daughters, Sherlee S. Rathbone and George Anzelone of Fly Creek, Bonnie J. Eldridge and Bill Burwell of Golden Lake, Ontario, Cathy S. Rose of Burlington Flats, Patricia V.M. Schallert and Mike Phillips of Kalama, Washington, and Shelley S. Wedderspoon of Cooperstown; many grandchildren, great grandchildren; and many nieces and nephews. John was predeceased by his wife of over 50 years, Violet; a daughter, Janet Truax; a grandson, Denis James Schallert; a brother Otto F. Schallert; and three sisters, Pauline Smith, Florentine Ottaway and Minnie Moseman. Family and friends may call from 4-6 p.m. on Thursday, December 10, 2015, at the Connell, Dow & Deysenroth Funeral Home, 82 Chestnut Street, Cooperstown. A Funeral Service will be held in his honor at 10 a.m. on Friday, December 11, 2015, at the Fly Creek United Methodist Church with the Rev. Sharon Rankins-Burd, pastor, officiating. A graveside service will follow at the Fly Creek Valley Cemetery in Fly Creek with James Atwell officiating. Military Honors will be accorded by members of the Cooperstown Veterans Club and the New York State Military Forces Honor Guard. In lieu of flowers, donations may be made in John's memory to the Fly Creek United Methodist Church, P.O. Box 128, Fly Creek, NY 13337. Diane S. Bobnick COOPERSTOWN - Diane S. Bobnick, a long-time Cooperstown resident, passed away peacefully late Wednesday afternoon, December 2, 2015, at Focus Rehabilitation and Nursing Center at Otsego, with her family by her side. She was 75. Born April 22, 1940, in Albany, she was a daughter of Daniel A. and Dorothy (Benedict) Slover. As a young child, Diane and her family moved to Cooperstown, a place she grew to love and cherish throughout the rest of her life. After graduating from Cooperstown High School with the Class of 1959 she pursued a secretarial course and graduated from Mildred Elley in Albany. Through the years, Diane served as a nurse's aide at The Otsego County Infirmary-which later became The Meadows--as well as The Clara Welch Thanksgiving Home. She was also employed as a clerk at the Fly Creek General Store and at CVS on Main Street in Cooperstown. A member of the First Baptist Church in Cooperstown, she married her husband, Louis J. Bobnick, in a ceremony there on November 26, 1965. For the past 40 years they made their home and raised their family just outside of Toddsville. Diane will be fondly remembered as a loving and devoted wife, mom, sister and aunt. Diane will be greatly missed by her loving husband of 50 years, Lou Bobnick, of Toddsville; their three sons, Michael Bobnick of Amsterdam, Daniel Bobnick of Hartwick and John Bobnick of Toddsville; one brother, Harold L. Slover of Fairfax, Virginia; one sister, Dorothy O. Smith and her husband, Roger, of Warnerville; and several nieces and nephews, Kathy, Dan and David Slover, and Roger, Russell and Megen (Whitaker) Smith. She is further survived by her faithful canine companion, Molly, who visited her every day during her stay at the nursing home. Diane always cherished her time with family, extended family and friends. She immensely enjoyed the waters of Otsego and Goodyear Lakes surrounded by her family and friends. She and Lou loved to travel the countryside, either by motorcycle or car. She loved to collect anything with turtles. Friends may call to pay their respects to Diane's family from 4-6 p.m. Tuesday, December 8, 2015, at the Connell, Dow & Deysenroth Funeral Home in Cooperstown. The visitation will be followed by a service at 6 p.m., with Richard Sliter, Acting Pastor of the First Baptist Church of Cooperstown, officiating. Diane will be laid to rest in the Spring of 2016 in the Slover family plot in Hartwick Seminary Cemetery. In lieu of flowers, memorial donations may be made to Catskill Area Hospice and Palliative Care, 1 Birchwood Drive, Oneonta, NY 13820, or the Fly Creek Emergency Squad, P.O. Box 218, Fly Creek, NY 13337. Posted by Connell, Dow & Deysenroth, Inc. on Saturday, December 05, 2015 Julie Hopper Fiora COOPERSTOWN - Julie Hopper Fiora died unexpectedly Monday night, November 30, 2015, at the lakeside summer home of her brother, Dr. William Hopper. She was 67. Born July 26, 1948, Julie Frances Hopper was the daughter of the late Dr. Richard Hutchinson Hopper, a native of California, and Renèe May Rudd, a Swiss-educated Australian. She was born in the City of Djakarta on the Island of Java, Republic of Indonesia, during the time her father-who worked over thirty years in the oil industry at Caltex/Chevron-was discovering the Minas oilfields. As a newborn, Julie and her family moved to the Netherlands, and then several years later to the United States, settling in New York City and then Easton, Connecticut. While living in New York City, Julie attended The Brearley School on the upper East Side of Manhattan and later the University of Connecticut. On July 29, 1983, Julie married Robert Vincent Fiora, and they made their home in Ellington, Connecticut. After Robert died in 1995, Julie lived in various places throughout the northeast. Julie is survived by her brother, Dr. William Hopper, his wife Lois, and their sons Ian and Justin. She will be laid to rest near her parents in a private ceremony in Cooperstown. Posted by Connell, Dow & Deysenroth, Inc. on Thursday, December 03, 2015 Maria A. Sullivan NORWICH - Maria Antonia White Sullivan passed away late Monday night, November 23, 2015, at Valley View Manor Skilled Nursing and Rehabilitation Center in Norwich. She was 96 years old. Of Spanish, Puerto Rican and English ancestry, Maria was born May 16, 1919, in Portsmouth, New Hampshire. Her father, Edgar Ralph White, was of English descent, and her mother, Mercedes Antonia Bruna y Feliciano, was born in Humacao, Puerto Rico, from ancestors of Spanish and Puerto Rican descent. On February 15, 1942, Maria married Joseph P. Sullivan. They shared 36 years together until his passing on January 10, 1978. Maria devoted much of her early years to caring for her family and home. Later on she worked for the Orange County Office for the Aging. This was the first agency of its kind in New York State and Maria was present at its inception. She moved to Miramar, Florida, in 1980 to care for her parents until their deaths in 1982. Maria was a woman of great faith and taught Sunday School at St. Stephens Parish for many years. She later retired to Unadilla where she lived with her daughter. For the past five years she resided in Norwich. In addition to her husband, Maria was predeceased by both of her children, Edgar P. Sullivan (2009) and Katherine Mary Sullivan McAllister Lewis (2012), as well as sons-in-law Henry E. McAllister (1981) and David F. Lewis (2014). She was also predeceased by her brothers Charles and Preston White and her sister Mercedes Mingus. Maria is survived by her daughter-in-law, Gloria Sullivan; her six grandchildren, Marylouise Dygert and husband Kevin of Middlefield, Tracy Gonzalez and husband Willie of Plattekill, Joseph E. Sullivan and wife Lisa of Delaware, Patrick Sullivan of Middletown, Maria Sullivan of Brooklyn and Nicholas Sullivan of Highland; seven great grandchildren, Christopher Dygert, Rebecca Morgan, Edward Gonzalez, Joseph A. Sullivan, Dustin Plimley, Brandon Plimley, and Ray Sullivan; a great great grandson, Zachary Morgan; and many nieces and nephews. Services will be held at a later date. Maria will be laid to rest with her parents in the Garden of Meditation at Hollywood Memorial Gardens in Florida. Posted by Connell, Dow & Deysenroth, Inc. on Thursday, November 26, 2015 Paul W. Berg ONEONTA - Paul William Berg, 77, died Saturday morning, November 21, 2015, at Focus Rehabilitation and Nursing Center at Otsego. Born August 20, 1938, in Jamaica, Queens, Paul was a son of William and Minerva Berg. He married Florence Allman on September 25, 1959, in Virginia. For many years he was employed as a draftsman for Grumman Aerospace Corporation in Bethpage, where he assisted in designing aircraft parts. Approximately 10 years ago, Paul and Florence moved to the Laurens area. Paul is survived by his beloved wife of 56 years, Florence; their two daughters, Barbara Rodriguez and her husband, Phillip, and Carol Heller and her boyfriend, Tom Pagillo, all of Hartwick; five grandchildren, Phillip Rodriguez, Jr. and fiancé Amber Hill, Michael Rodriguez and girlfriend Stephanie Ringel, Joseph Heller, Jr. and girlfriend Erin Fields, Vincent Heller and Justin Heller; three great grandchildren, Avril and Aiden Heller and Hayden Hill; and his new great granddaughter that will be born in February 2016. A Funeral Service will be offered at 12 Noon on Friday, November 27, 2015, at the Connell, Dow & Deysenroth Funeral Home, 82 Chestnut Street, Cooperstown, with the Rev. David Wm. Mickiewicz, pastor of St. Mary's Roman Catholic Church in Oneonta, officiating. Posted by Connell, Dow & Deysenroth, Inc. on Tuesday, November 24, 2015 John P. Woods, Jr. CANAJOHARIE - John Peter Woods, Jr., passed away at his farm November 8, 2015, where he resided for the last 45 years. Those who wish to remember John with a memorial gift may do so by making a donation to the American Cancer Society, 1 Penny Lane, Latham, NY 12110 or St. Mary's Healthcare Foundation, 427 Guy Park Avenue, Amsterdam, NY 12010. Posted by Connell, Dow & Deysenroth, Inc. on Monday, November 09, 2015 Elinor H. Pollock COOPERSTOWN - Mrs. Elinor H. Pollock, 87, of Cooperstown, passed away peacefully Tuesday, November 3, 2015, at Bassett Medical Center in Cooperstown, surrounded by her family. A native of Massachusetts, she was born April 16, 1928, in Beverly, youngest daughter of Maurice and Ruth (Pedersen) Hopkins. After graduation from high school, she studied at the New England Deaconess Hospital School of Nursing in Boston. Following her training, she stayed on to work at the Deaconess, and there met her future husband, Donald O. Pollock, while he was working his way through medical school. They were married June 7, 1953, at the First Baptist Church of Beverly. The Pollocks first came to Cooperstown in 1955, when Don served his internship and residency at Mary Imogene Bassett Hospital. There followed a period of military service, which took the family to a succession of postings, including 2 1/2 years in Eritrea, East Africa. The Pollocks returned to Cooperstown in 1967. Devoted to her family and community, Elinor freely gave of her time and service. She enjoyed working with the Red Cross, traveling throughout the region as part of the bloodmobile staff. And as a breast cancer survivor, Elinor willingly reached out to many with a message of encouragement and hope. Perhaps most central to Elinor's life was her steadfast devotion to the First Presbyterian Church of Cooperstown, for it was there that she faithfully blended her love of family and God. A member since1969, Elinor sang in the Chancel Choir, served in church leadership as a Deacon and an Elder, as Treasurer and Clerk of Session, volunteered as a Sunday School Teacher, was a member and/or chair of numerous committees over the years, and participated fully in the women's association. A generation of young people will remember Elinor as the one who prepared the food for the weekly Thursday school gatherings at the Presbyterian Church. In her leisure - and she did have some - Elinor enjoyed gardening, golf and playing Bridge. Before Alzheimer's Disease restricted her participation in those things she loved most, she excelled in exercising her gift of hospitality - making a meal, visiting a sick friend, arranging flowers from her garden, and sharing a smile. Elinor is survived by her beloved husband of 62 years, Dr. Donald O. Pollock, of Cooperstown; four children and spouses, Donabeth and Gil Urick of Bonita Springs, Florida, Peter and Diana Pollock of Cooperstown, Sally and Bud Zaengle of Greene, and Jim and Sharon Pollock of Georgetown; nine grandchildren and one great grandson, Philip Zaengle and wife, Amanda, and their son, Henry, Owen Zaengle and wife, Emily, Sam Zaengle and wife, Donna, Helen Zaengle, Jacob Zaengle, Karl Zaengle, Mary Zaengle, Laurel Zaengle and Benjamin Pollock; also many nieces and nephews. She was predeceased by her oldest son, the Rev. Stewart A. Pollock, and her siblings. A Memorial Service to the Glory of God and in Thanksgiving for the Life of Elinor H. Pollock will be offered at 2 p.m. on Saturday, November 14, 2015, at the First Presbyterian Church of Cooperstown, with the Rev. Elsie A. Rhodes, pastor, officiating. Following the service there will be a time for refreshment and fellowship in the adjoining Chapel. She will be laid to rest in The Columbarium in the Presbyterian Churchyard. For those who wish to remember Elinor through a memorial gift, her family respectfully requests that donations be made to the First Presbyterian Church of Cooperstown, 25 Church Street, Cooperstown, NY 13326. Robert W. Smith COOPERSTOWN - Mr. Robert Whitehill Smith, this countries' oldest living heart transplant patient, passed away Tuesday evening, November 3, 2015, at Whitehill Cottage, his home in the Town of Middlefield, after a valiant struggle against cancer. He was 77. Born February 2, 1938, in Flushing, Queens, Bob was a son of Charles and Theodora (Miller) Smith. After graduating from Bay Side High School, he enlisted in the United States Air Force on February 5, 1957. He served as an Air Policeman with the 54th Fighter-Interceptor Squadron and was stationed for one year in San Antonio, Texas, 18 months in South Korea, and 12 months at Ellsworth Air Force Base in Rapid City, South Dakota. He received his honorable discharge from the military on November 4, 1960, having achieved the rank of Airman Second Class, and continued serving his country in the Reserves. In 1963, Bob went to work for J.C. Penney in Valley Stream, and spent the next 30 years working in various locations in the New York City area. At the time of his retirement in 1993 he was managing a store in Massapequa on Long Island. On March 29, 1980, Bob married the former Eulene Lewis in a ceremony at The Farmers' Museum in Cooperstown. They lived on Long Island in Amityville, but when they both retired they moved to Oriental, North Carolina, and lived there for 11 years. On December 26, 1988, Bob had a heart transplant at New York-Presbyterian Hospital, and until his death he was the longest living survivor of this type of operation in the United States. In October 2004, Bob and Eulene moved back to Cooperstown. He had always wanted to live in an old farmhouse, so when they found what they felt was the perfect home in the Town of Middlefield, they purchased it and called it "Whitehill Cottage". Bob was a talented carpenter and woodworker, and throughout his life crafted many beautiful outdoor and indoor items for their home. He also enjoyed oil painting, golfing, downhill skiing, ice skating, and riding motorcycles. An avid musician, he played the banjo, and for eight years Bob and Eulene performed as the duo "Harbor Sounds" at various venues in North Carolina. Perhaps most of all, Bob enjoyed being on the water with Eulene in their 34' Egg Harbor Sport Fisherman yacht "Mistral". Together they cruised the waters off Long Island as well as the Atlantic. Bob lived a great life full of many enjoyable times and adventures. He will be greatly missed by his family and friends. Bob is survived by his beloved wife of 35 years, Eulene Smith, of Cooperstown; two daughters, Deborah Schneider and Karen Cottone of Long Island; one son, Robert Whitehill Smith, Jr. of Pennsylvania; Eulene's daughter, Danielle Verity of Florida; Eulene's two sons, Blake Verity of Long Island and Blair Verity of Pennsylvania; grandchildren; and two brothers, Donald Smith of New Jersey and William Smith of Maine. He was preceded in death by Eulene's son, Henry William Verity. A memorial service will be offered at 1 p.m. on Saturday, November 21, 2015, at the Cooperstown United Methodist Church, with the Rev. William H. Delia, pastor, officiating. For those who wish to remember Bob with a memorial gift, please consider donating to the American Cancer Society, 13 Beech Street, Johnson City, NY 13790 or the Cooperstown Emergency Squad, P.O. Box 322, Cooperstown, NY 13326. Posted by Connell, Dow & Deysenroth, Inc. on Wednesday, November 04, 2015 Lyle N. Steere CHRISTIAN HILL - Lyle N. Steere, 93, beloved Father, Grandfather, and Great Grandfather, died October 23, 2015, in the house he built on Christian Hill with his family by his side. Born in Hartwick on March 15, 1922, he was the son of Kendrick and Mary Elwood Steere. He married Elsie Ruparshek on September 25, 1948 in Cooperstown. They lived in Fly Creek and Christian Hill during their 57 year marriage until Elsie died June 19, 2006. During World War II, Lyle served his country in the United States Army. He enlisted September 4, 1940, and was in Battery D, 5th Field Artillery, Sacketts Harbor and Fort Devens, Massachusetts, where the 601st Tank Destroyer Battalion was formed. He later went to Camp Blanding in Florida and then to Indiantown Gap, Pennsylvania. In August 1942 he went on the Queen Mary to Scotland, and then to Titworth Barracks near Salisbury, England. After landing in Oran, Algeria, he served in Tunisia, Salerno, Anzio, Naples-Foggia, Rome-Arno, Southern France, Rhineland and Central Europe. At one point he met up with his brother, Nelson, who was with the 2nd Corps Headquarters in England, Africa and Italy. Lyle left Europe in July 1945 after being transferred to the 21st Replacement Battalion Headquarters Detachment, and received his Honorable Discharge August 12, 1945. During his time of military service he received the American Defense Service Medal, the European-African-Middle Eastern Service Medal and Good Conduct Medal. For many years he was a mechanic, and retired in 1982 after serving as Highway Superintendent for the Town of Otsego. Surviving Lyle are three sons, Karl Steere ( Kathy) and Kendrick of Christian Hill, and Alan Steere ( Roberta) of Schuyler Lake. He is also survived by five grandchildren, Christina Baker ( Jamar) of Colorado, Ashley Luck (Ian) of New Hampshire, Kerry Brown (Kevin) of Colorado, Kyle Steere of Ithaca and Tyler Steere of Schuyler Lake, as well as great granddaughters Adrianna, Alexis and Addison Baker and Ava Luck. Also surviving is a sister-in-law, Sophia Culotti of Port Byron as well as beloved nieces and nephews. Lyle was predeceased by his wife, two brothers, Stanley and wife, Anne, and Nelson and wife, Margaret, and several brothers and sisters-in-law. Friends may call at the Connell, Dow & Deysenroth Funeral Home, 82 Chestnut Street, Cooperstown, on Tuesday, October 27, 2015, from 4-7 p.m., when the Steere family will be in attendance. Funeral Services will be offered at 11 a.m. on Wednesday, October 28, 2015 at the funeral home, with the Rev. William H. Delia, pastor of the United Methodist Church of Cooperstown, officiating. At the conclusion of the funeral, Military Honors will be accorded by members of the Cooperstown Veterans Club and the New York State Military Forces Honor Guard. In lieu of flowers, expressions of sympathy in the form of memorial gifts may be made to Catskill Area Hospice and Palliative Care, 1 Birchwood Drive, Oneonta, NY 13820. Posted by Connell, Dow & Deysenroth, Inc. on Saturday, October 24, 2015 Arlene M. Woodin COOPERSTOWN - Arlene M. Woodin passed away Saturday morning, October 10, 2015, at A.O. Fox Nursing Home in Oneonta. She was 81. Born on July 23, 1934, in Marseilles, Illinois, Arlene Marie was the only child of Joseph and Lena née Veronda Viviani. Following her graduation from Marseilles High School in 1952 she attended Illinois State Normal University where she received a Bachelor of Science in Education (Home Economics) in 1956. She married Ernest Donald Woodin on December 21, 1957, in their hometown of Marseilles, Illinois, and they settled in DePue where she worked as a home economics teacher. Her creative baking skills were recognized when she won a nationwide self-rising flour competition for her recipe for Lemon-Mace Crisps. After welcoming daughter Beth and son Alan, the family moved to Cooperstown for the first time in 1964. Ernie's career with AT&T took them back to Illinois in 1966 and later to Somerset, New Jersey. In March of 1972, the Woodins returned to Cooperstown where they settled on Elm Street. After their children graduated from high school, they made their home in the Town of Middlefield. During her years in Cooperstown, Arlene was employed at various times at Ellsworth and Sill on Main Street and in the library at the Mary Imogene Bassett Hospital. While she did not return to teaching, Arlene demonstrated her love of all things related to home economics through her sewing projects, home decorating, and experimentation with new recipes. Her family will fondly remember her as a wonderful cook and a great baker whose pies were the highlight of every holiday meal. Arlene is survived by two children, Beth A. Torruella and her husband, Reese, of Garner, North Carolina, and Alan J. Woodin and his wife, Allison, of Cobleskill; three grandchildren, Connor and Logan Torruella and Erika Marie Woodin; and numerous nieces and nephews. In addition to her parents, she was preceded in death on December 25, 2014, by her husband of 57 years, Ernest. Services will be held at a later date at the convenience of the family. The family would like to thank Dr. Dalton, Dr. Hills, Dr. Lone, and the nursing staff at the Bassett Cancer Treatment Center for their dedicated care and the staff at A.O. Fox Nursing Home and at Catskill Area Hospice who welcomed Arlene and gave her a safe and caring place to spend her final months. For those who wish to make a memorial gift in memory of Arlene, her family suggests that the following organizations be considered: Bassett Medical Center Cancer Treatment Center, 1 Atwell Road, Cooperstown, NY 13326 or Catskill Area Hospice and Palliative Care, 1 Birchwood Drive, Oneonta, NY 13820. Laura Margaret Kane MT. VISION - Laura Margaret Kane, 88, of Mt. Vision, passed away early Sunday morning, October 18, 2015, at Focus Rehabilitation and Nursing Center at Otsego. She was born June 27, 1927, in Barneveld, a daughter of John and Mary Irene (Barnes) Rowlands. At the age of five, she and her family moved to Edmeston, where she attended school in the Goodrich Schoolhouse. She later attended school in New Berlin, and graduated in 1945 from New Berlin High School. Laura then moved away from home to attend beauty school; however, she became homesick and moved back to New Berlin where she was employed for a year in the cafeteria at the New Berlin school. In 1947 Laura married Archie Ainslie and joined him in farming at the Ainslie homestead farm on Scotch Hill in Hartwick. During this time she also worked at Rosa Leone's Adult Home in Hartwick, as well as a store clerk in the grocery stores in the community. She was also a bus driver driving her station wagon off the hill with the Scotch Hill kids to Hartwick Central School and then to the Cooperstown Central School bus stop. She also worked for Opportunities for Otsego. In 1971 she joined her second husband Everett Kane farming at Kanemead Farm in Mount Vision. Her real joy was cooking and baking for others. In 1986 she opened Laura's Restaurant in Hartwick, where she served her homemade menu to the public for several years. Her Friday night suppers were enjoyed by all. Laura was an active community member. She was an American Legion auxiliary member, a 4-H leader, served on the Town Board, was a member of the Hartwick Cemetery Committee and a member of the United Methodist Church Hartwick. Laura is survived by her sister-in-law, Marge (Albert) Rowlands of Edmeston; her son Larry and wife Barbara Ainslie of Hartwick; her daughter Linda (Ainslie) and husband John Tuller of New Berlin; her son-in-law, Richard Twombly of Hebron (Amston), CT; and their children and families. Also surviving are her four step-children, Robert and wife Barbara Kane of Fly Creek, Ronald and wife Marilyn Kane of Mt. Vision, Rahlene and husband Mike Welch of Fly Creek, and Rodger and wife Fay Kane of Toddsville; and their children and families. Laura was predeceased by her parents, her brothers Robert (Jean) and Albert Rowlands, her husband Everett Kane and her daughter Gail (Ainslie) Twombly. Friends may call at the Connell, Dow & Deysenroth Funeral Home, 82 Chestnut Street, Cooperstown, on Thursday, October 22, 2015, from 10 a.m. until 12 Noon. Funeral Services will follow at Noon at the funeral home with the Rev. Richard Howard, pastor of the Hartwick United Methodist Church officiating. The Service of Committal and Burial will follow in Hartwick Cemetery. Memorial donations may be made in Laura's memory to The Hartwick United Methodist Church, P.O. Box 576, Mt. Vision, NY 13810 Posted by Connell, Dow & Deysenroth, Inc. on Monday, October 19, 2015 Bridget M. Macaluso COOPERSTOWN - Mrs. Bridget M. Macaluso, 94, of Cooperstown, passed away peacefully Friday morning, October 16, 2015, at Chestnut Park Rehabilitation and Nursing Center in Oneonta. Born August 11, 1921, in Hoboken, New Jersey, on a tugboat, she was the daughter of Patrick and Rita (Patterson) Bracken. She met her husband Joseph Robert (Bob) Macaluso in the United States Navy and married him February 26, 1949, at the Church of St. Raymond in the Bronx. Bridget was a lover of books, mysteries, words, humor, and conversation. She was a strong believer in community service. A funny, witty, loving, supportive and generous mother, grandmother and friend, she was loved and revered by all who knew her. For many years she was employed as a secretary at the Franklin Delano Roosevelt Campus of the Veterans Administration Hudson Valley Health Care System in Montrose. A determined person, she earned her GED at the age of 62 and then earned an associate's degree in psychology. Bridget and Bob lived in Peekskill for over twenty years before moving to Cooperstown in June 1989. She was a communicant of St. Mary's "Our Lady of the Lake" Roman Catholic Church, was a member and past president of the Mary Imogene Bassett Hospital auxiliary, and volunteered at the Susquehanna SPCA. Following Bob's death on April 23, 2001, Bridget moved to Oneonta, where she lived with her daughter, Patrice for ten years and then moved to Cooperstown with her daughter and son-in-law Roberta and Tom. The last few years she lived at Hampshire House, and then Chestnut Park Rehabilitation and Nursing Center in Oneonta. Bridget is survived by four daughters, Jean Marie Macaluso of Kingston, Roberta Hohensee and her husband, Thomas, of Cooperstown, Patrice Macaluso of Oneonta, and Margaret Williams and her husband, George, of Saugerties; two sons, Alan Macaluso and his wife, Kelly of New Paltz and Brian Macaluso and his wife, Sari, of Kingston; eight grandchildren, Haley and Kyle Hohensee, Rebecca and Joseph Williams, and Sam, Ben, Theo and Charlie Schikowitz; and five great grandchildren, twins Cosmos and Hugh, Indio, Leone and Harper. In addition to her husband, she was predeceased by her 12 brothers and sisters, including Elizabeth, Mary, Peggy, Terry, Barney, William and John. Family and friends are invited to a memorial gathering to be held at the Connell, Dow & Deysenroth Funeral Home, 82 Chestnut Street, Cooperstown from 5:30 - 7:30 p.m. on Friday, October 23, 2015. As an alternative to flowers, please consider donating in memory of Bridget to the Susquehanna Animal Shelter, 4841 State Highway 28, Cooperstown, NY 13326 or Catskill Area Hospice and Palliative Care, 1 Birchwood Drive, Oneonta, NY 13820. Dr. Thomas A. Gratton Rejoice in the Lord alway: and again I say, Rejoice. Philippians 4:4 (KJV) SCHENEVUS - Pastor Tom A. Gratton, God's faithful servant, went to meet his Lord and Savior early Tuesday morning, October 13, 2015, at Bassett Medical Center in Cooperstown. He was 80. Born October 9, 1935, in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, he was a son of James and Minnie (Ross) Gratton. Raised in Pittsburgh, he later moved to Rhode Island. Called to the ministry of his beloved Savior, Pastor Tom brought countless people to the Lord, including some who themselves became pastors. In 1973 he received his Master of Divinity from Southwestern Baptist Theological Seminary School of Theology. During his ministry he served churches in various places throughout the country, including Michigan and Texas. After serving the Spring Woods Baptist Church in Texas, he moved to the State of Maryland and for twenty-one years served as pastor to the First Baptist Church of Suitland, helping to grow what started as a small group of faithful Christians into the strong and vibrant congregation it is today. It was during his pastorate there that he presented his Doctor of Ministry thesis on strategizing an effective ministry in an urban, evangelical and racially integrated Southern Baptist Church. Dr. Gratton envisioned a totally new approach for ministry and commitment to being God's people on mission, and encouraged his colleagues to get excited about pastoring in multi-racial neighborhoods. He received his Doctor of Ministry from the Eastern Baptist Theological Seminary in 1989, and retired from full-time ministry in 1993. Throughout his years of ministry, he was accompanied by his first wife, Nancy A. Hall Gratton. They were united in marriage September 6, 1958, in Battle Creek, Michigan, and spent almost 50 years together until her passing on June 11, 2006. Tom later met Karen Ann Olmstead McMahon, a native of Cooperstown living in Virginia who had also recently lost her spouse. Karen and Tom were married January 12, 2008, in a ceremony at Mount Hermon Baptist Church in Spotsylvania County, Virginia. In 2010 they moved to upstate New York and Tom became a member and served as a supply preacher at the West Davenport Free Baptist Church and Stamford Baptist Church. "Well done, thou good and faithful servant." Pastor Tom is survived by his loving wife, Karen A. McMahon Gratton, of Schenevus; one daughter, Rachael Moore of Tennessee; his faithful friend, Norma, whom he considered to be his daughter; two step daughters, Autumn Black Jewell of Orange, VA, and Stephanie Black of Middlefield; and several grandchildren, all of whom called him "Pops". He is further survived by two sisters, Judy Parfitt and Lois Bott; a sister-in-law, Kathleen M. Olmstead-Mummert; two brothers-in-law, Richard L. Statler and Keith D. Olmstead; and several nieces and nephews. In addition to his first wife, he was predeceased by two sisters, Betty DeJidas and Dorothy Mae Statler, and a brother, James "Jimmy" Gratton. Pastor Tom will be laid to rest with his first wife, Nancy, in a private graveside service in the Garden of Reformation at Trinity Memorial Gardens in Waldorf, Maryland. A memorial service will be offered at 2 pm. on Tuesday, October 20, 2015, at the First Baptist Church of Upper Marlboro, 7415 SW Crain Highway, Upper Marlboro, Maryland, with Rev. James L. Burcham, pastor, officiating. Locally, a memorial service is being planned for the near future, and will take place at the West Davenport Free Baptist Church, 211 Charlotte Creek Road, with Pastor Steve Estes, officiating. One of the people Pastor Gratton inspired to enter the ministry is Pastor Daniel Conrads, whose love of the Lord came from a seed planted by Pastor Tom. Not only did he become a pastor himself, Pastor Dan is now forming a new church. So in lieu of flowers, Pastor Gratton would be pleased if people would donate in his memory to Pastor Daniel Conrads for the benefit of the Richmond Church Plant, 1842 Valley Drive, Richmond, IN 47374. Your donation in memory of Pastor Tom will help grow this new church. Posted by Connell, Dow & Deysenroth, Inc. on Friday, October 16, 2015 Elaine Beck Schaeffer COOPERSTOWN - Elaine Beck Schaeffer of Cooperstown passed away suddenly at Bassett Medical Center on Thursday evening, October 8, 2015. She was 62. Elaine was the loving wife of Charles and beloved mother of Scott and Elyssa. Born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, she was the daughter of Kenneth and Phyllis Beck. Elaine spent her early formative years with her family in Nice, France. She was educated at Abington Friends, a Quaker school in Pennsylvania from which she cultivated a lifelong respect for individuals and emphasis on equality, simplicity and integrity. During high school she spent a year abroad in Braunschweig, West Germany. Elaine attended Wagner College, graduating with a BA in German literature. She spent her junior year studying in Bregenz, Austria, where, among other interests, she took up skiing in the Alps. After college, Elaine worked for the interior fabric and design firm Brunschwig & Fils in New York City as the production coordinator, during which she traveled to and worked with mills and showrooms throughout Europe and the U.S. Elaine was dedicated to the arts from a young age, studying piano and singing with a religious choir, including on European tours. She studied drawing at the Arts Students League in New York City and maintained a passion for exploring art museums in the U.S. and while traveling in Europe for work and visiting her children during their own study abroad sojourns. Elaine loved cooking and excelled at baking her famous carrot cake and unparalleled apple pie. Her smile would light up a room and could clear dark clouds from a rainy day. She volunteered for years at the Susquehanna Animal Shelter Better Exchange Thrift Shop and most recently worked for NYSHA at the Fenimore Art and Farmers' Museums in Cooperstown. Elaine enjoyed any opportunity to work on her gardening, spend time with her friends, cats and now departed chessie, Tessa, and work on crossword puzzles (always written in ink pen, never pencil) among many other activities. A closet historian and member of the Daughters of the American Revolution, Elaine was also a member of the Captain Cook Society and enjoyed reading about the adventures and discoveries of her ancestor James Cook, among other explorers. A caring and dedicated mother and wife, Elaine was very loved and will be missed more than words can convey. In addition to her husband and children, Elaine is survived by extended family members and friends who will miss her dearly. Friends and relatives are invited to Elaine's memorial service at 5 p.m. Thursday, October 15, 2015 at the Connell, Dow & Deysenroth Funeral Home, 82 Chestnut Street in Cooperstown. A private burial service will be held Friday. In lieu of flowers the family asks that donations in Elaine's name be made to the Susquehanna Animal Shelter, 4841 State Highway 28, Cooperstown, NY 13326. http://susquehannaanimalshelter.org. Gary S. Dunbar COOPERSTOWN - On August 16th, 2015, Dr. Gary Seamans Dunbar, Professor Emeritus of the University of California at Los Angeles, died peacefully at Bassett Medical Center in Cooperstown at the age of 84. At the time of his death, Dr. Dunbar had been a resident of Cooperstown for twenty-seven years, moving here after retirement from the Department of Geography at UCLA. His first introduction to Cooperstown had been in 1952 when, as a graduate student at the University of Virginia, he came to the area to research the cultivation of hops for his Master's thesis and was captivated by the village, Otsego Lake and the surrounding countryside. Gary Dunbar was born June 8th, 1931, in Clifton Springs, the son of Alvin Robert and Esther (Seamans) Dunbar. After graduating from Avon Central High School in Avon in 1948, Gary attended the University of Virginia where he earned a Bachelor of Arts with Distinction in 1952 and a Master of Arts in 1953. He was elected to Phi Beta Kappa (1952), Phi Eta Sigma (1949) and Phi Kappa Phi (1956) honor societies. On April 4th, 1953, he married Elizabeth Tighe in Rochester. In 1956, at the age of twenty-four, he earned his Doctor of Philosophy from Louisiana State University and embarked on a career of teaching and scholarship in the field of Geography. After a year teaching at Longwood College in Farmville, Virginia (1956-1957), Dr. Dunbar accepted a teaching position at his alma mater, the University of Virginia, where he taught from 1957-1967, rising to the rank of Associate Professor and serving as Chairman of the Department from 1963-1967. While associated with the University of Virginia, he spent a year at the University of Dacca, East Pakistan (now Dhaka, Bangladesh) as a Fulbright Senior Research Scholar. He also taught for two years at Ahmadu Bello University in Zaria, Nigeria (1965-1967). Returning to the States in 1967, he accepted a position as a Visiting Associate Professor of Geography at UCLA and continued to work there until his retirement in 1988, earning the rank of Full Professor in 1970. Gary wrote nine books during the course of his life and published about 160 articles, notes and reviews, continuing to publish after his retirement. Endowed with an insatiable curiosity and desire to explore, Dr. Dunbar traveled widely throughout North and South America, the West Indies, Europe, Asia and Africa. He almost always included his wife, Elizabeth and their three children in his adventures. When the children were grown, he and Elizabeth continued to travel together. While living in Cooperstown, Dr. Dunbar served on the Editorial Board of the New York State Historical Association from 1997-2005, as President of Friends of the Library and enjoyed twenty-five seasons of the Glimmerglass Opera. He was a long time member of First Presbyterian Church of Cooperstown. His family and many friends will remember his integrity, generosity, intelligence, thoughtfulness, dry wit and quick sense of humor, amazing memory, deep and resonant speaking voice and his courtesy. He was a devoted husband, father and grandfather. He is survived by his beloved wife of sixty-two years, Elizabeth (Tighe) Dunbar; his three children, Emily Dunbar-Smith and her husband, Frederick Harold Smith, of Jackson, Mississippi, Elihu Sidman Dunbar and his wife, Maria de la Luz Joachin Palafox Dunbar, of Santa Fe, New Mexico and Esther Dunbar-Cullum and her husband, Peter James Cullum, of Sonoma, California; and four grandchildren, Tighe Elijah Dunbar, Katherine Elizabeth Dunbar-Smith and her fiancé, William Walsh George, Jesse Peter Dunbar Cullum and Esme Olivia Dunbar Cullum. He is also survived by his brother, Alvin Webb (Pete) Dunbar and sister-in-law Waynne Boyden Dunbar; his sister, Sara Dunbar Widlund; his sister-in-law, Jean Daniels Dunbar; and five nieces and nephews. He was preceded in death by his parents Alvin Robert and Esther (Seamans) Dunbar and by his brother, Bruce Rex Dunbar. The family is planning a memorial service for the Spring of 2016. Memorials may be made at this time, if you wish, to the New York State Historical Association, The Farmers' Museum, the First Presbyterian Church of Cooperstown or to the charity of your choice. Mailing addresses for the three organizations listed are as follows: New York State Historical Association, P.O. Box 800, Cooperstown, NY 13326; The Farmer's Museum, P.O. Box 30, Cooperstown, NY 13326; the First Presbyterian Church of Cooperstown, 25 Church Street, Cooperstown, NY 13326. NOTICE OF MEMORIAL SERVICE COOPERSTOWN - A Memorial Service for Gary Seamans Dunbar (June 8th, 1931 - August 16th, 2015) will be held on Saturday, June 25th at 3:00 p.m. at the First Presbyterian Church of Cooperstown. In lieu of flowers memorials may be made to the New York State Historical Association, The Farmers' Museum, the First Presbyterian Church of Cooperstown or to a charity of your choice. Posted by Connell, Dow & Deysenroth, Inc. on Wednesday, September 09, 2015 Philip "Rooster" White Downs FLY CREEK - A Memorial Service for Philip "Rooster" White Downs will be offered at 2 p.m. on Saturday, September 12, 2015, at the Connell, Dow & Deysenroth Funeral Home, 82 Chestnut Street, Cooperstown, with the Rev. Elsie A. Rhodes, Pastor of the First Presbyterian Church in Cooperstown, officiating. The Service of Committal and Burial will follow in Fly Creek Valley Cemetery in Fly Creek. Friends are welcome to pay their respects at the funeral home for one hour prior to the service. A native of Southampton on Long Island, Rooster spent most of his life farming, yet still found time to pursue his interest and love of car racing and the restoration of numerous antique autos, fire trucks, and tractors. More importantly he enjoyed life with his beloved wife of 36 years, Deirdre "Dee" Downs. Posted by Connell, Dow & Deysenroth, Inc. on Saturday, September 05, 2015 Paul E. Okarski HARTWICK - Paul Edward Okarski, 89, a retired defense contractor employed for 37 years with Sperry Gyroscope Corporation, passed away Sunday evening, August 30, 2015, at Bassett Medical Center in Cooperstown, just three days shy of his 90th birthday. Born September 2, 1925, in Peabody, Massachusetts, Paul was a son of Frank Joseph Okarski and Anna née Krusciewicz Okarski and resided in Lynn and later Newton, Massacusetts. On August 11, 1942, Paul entered into active service in the United States Navy and proudly served his country during World War II as a Naval Aviator. Ensign Okarski received his Honorable Discharge from the US Navy on October 22, 1945. Following his military service, Paul attended Middlebury College in Vermont, and graduated with the Class of 1951 with a degree in physics. In July of 1951, he joined the Industrial X-Ray Division of Westinghouse as an Applications Engineer, but in September 1952 he began a career with the Sperry Gyroscope Company that would span four decades. Starting as a Field Engineer, he became involved with the Sparrow I missile program. Paul did on-site installation, checkout, calibration and operational activation of missile associated radar and ground support equipment, as well as in-plant contracts. He also served as a technical liaison between engineering and field support personnel. In June 1956, he became a Representative Associate for the Air Armament Division, and in August 1957, Paul was promoted to the Counter Measures Division of Sperry Gyroscope where as a Marketing Representative he was responsible for the contract administration of the $100 million B-52 airborne integrated countermeasures system. This equipment utilized high accuracy multiple jamming techniques, sophisticated receivers and flight test equipment and provided a new measure of protection for our superbombers of the era. In 1960 Paul advanced to Senior Marketing Representative of the Radiation Division where he was responsible for marketing and contract administration of the US Navy's TALOS missile program. In 1963, Paul became the Senior Marketing Representative for the Information and Communications Division of Sperry Gyroscope. He had overall responsibility for sales and contract administration of Anti-Submarine Warfare (ASW) Systems including submarine fire controls and state-of-the-art sonar systems, as well as the preparation and execution of market plans for sophisticated intelligence equipment. Through the 1970s and 1980s as Sperry Gyroscope became, though acquisitions and mergers, Sperry Rand, Sperry Univac, then simply the Sperry Corporation, Paul's responsibilities continued to grow. Elevated to Senior Overseas Contract Manager he travelled extensively world-wide, and was considered by his peers to be one of Sperry's top contract negotiators. He retired in 1989. Throughout, Paul was a dedicated and loving family man. Married in 1957 to Barbara E. Okarski, also employed by Sperry Gyroscope, they had four children, all of whom have fond memories of vacationing in Florida where many now reside, as well as learning to ski and sharing may fun times on the slopes at Scotch Valley Ski Area in Stamford. Paul loved to be outdoors and enjoyed designing and building tree houses, doll houses, go-karts and even a backyard ice skating rink for his children and grandchildren. He loved a long road trip by car, a good grilled steak, and growing the best tomatoes. He paid attention to detail and believed any job worth doing was worth doing well. He imparted much wisdom to his family including having pride in our country, being happy, not worrying, and being brave. He was a man of science, who valued education, and was happy to share his knowledge with his family. He cared for us, participated in our lives, and made us better people. In his retirement, Paul built his dream house in Stamford, and enjoyed a relaxed lifestyle while skiing throughout New York and New England until the age of 82. Most recently, he made his home with his youngest son, Steven, in Hartwick for the past five years, and enjoyed all of the comforts of home and the benefits of the life he worked so hard to build. Paul is survived by his four children; Lawrence Paul, Carol Ellen, and Scott Edward and his wife, Kristen, all of Ormond Beach, Florida, and Steven Edward of Hartwick; their mother, Barbara, of Port Orange, Florida; four grandchildren, Brian, Jason, Kelli and Abby; two nieces, Christie Lyons-Otto and her husband, Luther, of Athol, Massachusetts, and Mary Lyons of Paris, France; and two nephews, Joseph Lyons of Boston, Massachusetts, and David Okarski and his wife, Diane, of Los Angeles, California. He was preceded in death by a granddaughter, Anna Elizabeth Okarski, and all of his siblings; Edward Okarski, Helen née Okarski Lyons and Joseph Okarski. The Okarski family received friends on Saturday, September 5, 2015, from 1 until 3 p.m. at the Connell, Dow & Deysenroth Funeral Home, 82 Chestnut Street, Cooperstown. A brief prayer service concluded the visitation, with the Rev'd Paul R. Messner, pastor of Evangelical Lutheran Church in Hartwick Seminary, officiating.	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line315
__label__wiki	0.92099	0.92099	Pfizer buys Wyeth for $68B by Amy Swinderman \| Email the author Wyeth Inc. Sanford C. Bernstein Oliver Wyman Group Generics market NEW YORK—Seeking to maintain its position at the top of pharma but facing looming patent expirations, a sharp drop in revenue and a lackluster pipeline, Pfizer Inc. last month made two strategic moves intended to reinforce an organizational restructuring plan announced late last year: entering into a $68 billion merger deal with rival Wyeth Inc. and laying off 800 of its global R&D workforce. Both the Wyeth deal—a cash-and-stock transaction valued at $50.19 per share—and the job cuts—about 8 percent of Pfizer's 10,000 global R&D employees—are considered by Pfizer to be the cure for all that ails the struggling pharma as it struggles to produce a successor to the blockbuster cholesterol drug Lipitor and braces itself for generic competition in the next few years. The announcements were made as Pfizer came to grips with abysmal fourth quarter results, with profits plunging 90 percent after the company settled illegal marketing allegations involving the anti-arthritis drug Bextra for $2.3 billion and due to a sharp decline in sales. Wyeth's own fourth-quarter profits fell 5.6 percent, but most of the attention on this deal has focused on Pfizer, which has seen the writing on the wall for months. In September, the company announced a restructured R&D program to prepare for an expected decline in revenue when its blockbuster cholesterol drug Lipitor faces expected generic competition in 2011. At that time, Pfizer eliminated 1,200 scientists and closed its Ann Arbor, Mich. Laboratory. By year's end, Pfizer had cut 4,700 jobs. Lipitor brought in $12.7 billion in 2007 sales—a fourth of Pfizer's total 2007 revenue of $48.4 billion. Now, with the Wyeth merger, further job losses are expected as the companies consolidate operations and Pfizer aims to trim $4 billion in costs. Pfizer also said it will close five of its manufacturing plants. Pfizer Chairman and CEO Jeffrey B. Kindler said in a statement that the Wyeth acquisition is in line with the company's plans to halt early-stage development of medicines for heart failure, high cholesterol and obesity to ramp up its focus on six more profitable therapeutic areas, namely Alzheimer's, cancer, schizophrenia, pain, inflammation and diabetes. Wyeth brings to the table a product portfolio including 12 products with more than $1 billion each in annual revenue aimed at treating cardiovascular, central nervous system and infectious diseases, oncology, and women's health issues. The new company will become "an industry leader in human, animal and consumer health," giving Pfizer a strong presence in biotech drugs and vaccines, and have about a 12 percent market share in the United States, about 10 percent in Europe and about 6 percent in Japan, Kindler said. "The combination of Pfizer and Wyeth provides a powerful opportunity to transform our industry," Kindler said. "With this combination, Pfizer will offer patients around the world a uniquely broad and diversified portfolio of biopharmaceutical innovations through business units—each one focused on different customer needs and backed by the resources of a premier global organization. By combining the spirit of small, agile enterprises with our combined scale, Pfizer will advance its mission of working together toward a healthier world." Following the announcement, Pfizer's stock price fell 10 percent in mid-day trading, while Wyeth's was little changed. While some media and analysts speculated that the deal lacked synergy—Fortune Magazine called it "all wrong" for Pfizer—other analysts said it made good sense for Pfizer and may even spark other M&A deals in the health care sector. "The next big pharma merger is likely to see a level of cost cutting not seen before," wrote Sanford C. Bernstein analyst Tim Anderson in a research note. "This is because the industry is already headed in a sharp cost-cutting direction, even without mega-merger activity, and the pending generic cliff faced by certain companies, like Pfizer, will naturally allow for additional costs to be saved as the products those costs were supporting disappear." Other analysts focused on what the announcements mean for Pfizer. Mark Mozeson, a partner at Oliver Wyman Group in New York, said reorganization at Pfizer is inevitable if the company wants to remain one of the world's biggest drugmakers. "Stockholders have to understand that the poor performance of Pfizer's stock over the last few years is a function of the fact that there is only so much time the company has to take dramatic action to turn around the company," Mozeson says. "Wyeth has a decent portfolio, and there is some pretty good overlap with Wyeth's and Pfizer's capabilities. With Pfizer in the same situation as a lot of other companies—struggling to figure out how they are going to thrive and be competitive in the years ahead and facing the fact that the fundamental economics of pharma are in the process of changing—consolidating with a competitor with diverse resources to offer makes some good sense." Jim Hall, Mozeson's colleague at Oliver Wyman, said that although Pfizer houses the largest R&D budget—$7.5 billion—of any drug maker by far, the company's streamlined research program means that "the year of the blockbuster is probably over for Pfizer." "I think Pfizer, as well as the industry as a whole, is coming to grips with a long-term problem in R&D, which is the idea that serendipity plays a large part in their success," Hall says. "There was this idea that if you have a finite budget for R&D, you'll get a return on the investment. I think those days are gone. Clearly, cardiovascular disease is no longer a priority for Pfizer, because that is a program that has to be supported through discovery and life cycle management. Therefore, they have to be more thoughtful about what programs they invest in. The fact that Pfizer is going to manage a diverse portfolio of smaller drugs that are more targeted also means that they should get a much higher rate of success, because it will capture a very large share of the population that needs to be treated." With similar layoffs announced at most of the other large pharmas, Hall says he would be surprised if Pfizer did not make further staff reductions. But he is confident that the R&D job pool will not become too saturated, he adds. "The research community is very worried about the bad press because it is a very tight community, but they have to remember, this is the nature of the business," Hall says. "It's also important to remember that these job reductions usually take the form of early retirement or 'do-not-fill- jobs. If you are looking at the actual number of people who will be fired, it is a much smaller set than what has been announced. I think there is enough growth in pharma that those people will be able to find jobs without any issues." DDN	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line320
__label__wiki	0.867835	0.867835	Nanoscale technology deal a tight fit by Lloyd Dunlap \| Email the author Agilent Technologies Inc. Eurofins MWG Operon SANTA CLARA, Calif.—Agilent Technologies Inc. describes itself as the world's premier measurement company with leadership positions in communications, electronics, life sciences and chemical analysis. Now the $5.8 billion revenue giant will collaborate with Stanford University in a research program designed to explore a new class of nanoscale devices using a combination of scanning probe microscopy (SPM) and atomic layer deposition (ALD). The research will enable the rapid prototyping and characterization of a variety of nanoscale devices for a wide range of applications. "The novel nanostructures will be fabricated and characterized in situ in this unique SPM-ALD tool in order to rapidly prototype a wide variety of next-generation devices," says Fritz Prinz, professor and chairman of mechanical engineering at Stanford University. "The SPM-ALD tool will enable us to build devices which take advantage of the quantum confinement effects present at small length scales that could not be accessed with traditional lithography methods. These devices can only be built with manufacturing tools possessing extraordinary spatial resolution." Agilent entered the nanotech field about four years ago, explains Jeff Rozner, the company's director of strategy for nanotechnology business, with the purchase of an SPM company. At about the same time, Agilent exited the semiconductor business. "As a measurement company, nanotechnology is a logical fit," Rozner notes, since its focus is on the measurement of various properties of polymers, surface coatings, tools and surface mediated biological processes. Prinz was a long-term customer of a company Agilent acquired, Rozner adds. Since then, Agilent has provided Prinz with loaner equipment and Rozner has joined Stanford's nanoscale advisory board. The new program focuses on the integration of ALD, a thin-film technique capable of sub-nanometer precision in thickness, with the nanometer lateral resolution of SPM in a drive to extend the capability of scanning probe techniques to prototyping and device fabrication. Historically, performance of electronic devices has been limited by traditional manufacturing methods, such as optical and electron beam lithography, which are not likely to deliver feature resolution significantly below 20 nm. The quantum mechanical effects of electron confinement in devices 10 nm or smaller result in phenomena qualitatively different than those seen in larger devices. Rozner explains the phenomena with the observation that surface area per unit volume increases as physical size decreases (which is why the metabolic rate of small mammals is so much faster than ours). With geometries in all three dimensions of less than 10 nm, surface effects of this quantum confinement creates an entirely new paradigm for electronic devices, he notes. From an electronic standpoint, it's easy to observe, but tough to explain, Rozner says. "It's like particles in a box," he explains. When you squeeze down the electronics, they have fewer places to live. Changes in energy states result, which are important in photovoltaic applications. "You create both freedoms and constraints," he adds, "that change chemical potential and reactivity." Asked about the commercial potential of Agilent's nanotech business, Rozner says that "triple digit millions" is the target. He notes that the sector of one of Agilent's fastest growing and that it has continued to grow year-on-year during the current recession. Agilent seeks faster life science research workflow with Eurofins MWG Operon technology purchase SANTA CLARA, Calif.—Seeking to create a new solution that enables mid-range multiplex screening for the life science research market, Agilent Technologies Inc. announced Nov. 16 its purchase of DNA services provider Eurofins MWG Operon's MassCode Tag technology. Agilent said it will use MassCode Tag to develop new research products for pathogen identification, leveraging its strength in polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and mass spectroscopy. The purchase, made for an undisclosed sum, includes the MassCode trademarks and intellectual property, including four families of patents that are valid in 34 countries, including the United States, United Kingdom, Japan and China. Under the agreement, Eurofins MWG Operon will continue to supply the core component for the new products. MassCode Tags—small molecules, each with a unique molecular weight—can be used to screen for specific pathogens that may be present in a biological sample. In MassTag PCR, an application developed by investigators at Columbia University, individual tags are attached to DNA primers that correspond to microbial sequences. The primers are then used to amplify nucleic acid isolated from biological sample using PCR. The tags are released by applying UV irradiation, and mass spectroscopy is then used to identify the corresponding tags. According to the companies, the mass spectroscopy detection technique is highly multiplexed, faster and more sensitive than traditional detection technologies utilized for PCR analysis. "This technology addresses a key need by reducing the cost to screen for a large number of pathogens that might be present in a given sample and will accelerate the life science research workflow," says Gustavo Salem, vice president and general manager of Agilent's Biological Systems division.	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line321
__label__cc	0.576283	0.423717	Concluding corruption probe and winning public trust Posted December. 06, 2017 07:38, Updated December. 06, 2017 09:24 Concluding corruption probe and winning public trust. December. 06, 2017 07:38. . Prosecutor General Mun Moo-il announced Tuesday that the prosecution would conclude key corruption investigations by the end of this year. “It might be hard to wrap up all the investigations, but our aim is to complete highly controversial cases within this year,” said Moon at a press conference, explaining the background of putting an official due date on ongoing investigations. “We will focus on issues related to the public from next year. I believe social development is hindered when the whole society pays attention to an issue for too long, just like listening to the same thing repeatedly is tiring.” The key cases are the ones requested by the corruption investigation task force into the National Intelligence Service (NIS). Investigations on the NIS are inevitable, but they have become somewhat excessive. The prosecution thoroughly investigated what the TF found in cabinets. More than 60 prosecutors from the Supreme Prosecutors’ Office buried themselves in the investigation on the former Park Geun-hye administration to process 16 investment requests, which was why some 20 prosecutors from District Public Prosecutor's Offices all over the country were assigned to the NIS investigation. Twenty-two senior NIS officials have been jailed. Some tragedies followed the investigation as well. Prosecutor Byeon Chang-hoon of the Supreme Prosecutors’ Office and attorney Jeong Chi-ho committed suicide during the investigation. Speeding up the investigation seems to be the right direction except that it is already overdue. However, the prosecutor general added the investigation would continue in 2018, citing that investigations into NIS’ special activity funds and issues related to former President Lee Myung-bak need follow-up measures. Appropriation of the special fund is a serious illegal activity, but the focus should be on the personal use of the special budget. Personal use of the expenses allocated for special activities is hard to root out unless institutional improvements are accompanied. Gathering sufficient evidence should precede the will to probe into former President Lee. Without evidence, the investigation on Lee can be more difficult than that on Park. Nevertheless, Mun’s vow to wrap up the corruption probe and focus more on the public issues still means a lot. The prosecutor general needs to change the direction of current investigations to normalize the prosecution and earn trust of the public. The world is emerging again from recession. Korea should make more efforts to seize an edge in the global competition. A month has passed since the one-year anniversary of the candlelight vigil. Now we need to eye on the future as a country as a whole. The ruling Minjoo Party opposed to the prosecutor general’s announcement. Their intention might be to highlight the dishonest image of the former conservative administrations until the local election in June next year. However, as the ruling party of the nation, the Minjoo Party needs to prioritize the national interest. It should be noted that the goal of corruption investigations is to raise competitiveness of Korea by eradicating corrupt practices. Our path ahead is too long and thorny to be immersed in the past.	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line323
__label__wiki	0.870093	0.870093	Frank Bedu-Addo, Ph.D. Chief Executive Officer, Director Dr. Bedu-Addo, one of the founders of PDS, has served as a director, president, and CEO of PDS since its inception in 2005. Dr. Bedu-Addo is a veteran biotech executive with experience successfully starting and growing biotechnology organizations. He has been responsible for the development and implementation of both operational and drug development strategies, supervising and managing both large organizations and emerging biotechnology companies. Dr. Bedu-Addo was a founding and senior executive at KBI BioPharma, Inc. As Vice President of Drug Development, he oversaw all business and drug development operations. Before his tenure at KBI, he successfully started and managed Cardinal Health’s East Coast biotechnology drug development operations. Prior to Cardinal Health, Dr. Bedu-Addo was an Associate Director at Akzo-Nobel, Senior Scientist at Elan (The Liposome Co.), and Principal Scientist at Schering-Plough. In these positions, he contributed to the development of numerous drugs, including antiviral and anticancer products. Dr. Bedu-Addo obtained his M.S. in Chemical Engineering and Ph.D. in Pharmaceutics from the University of Pittsburgh. Gregory Conn, Ph.D. Chief Scientific Officer Dr. Conn has more than 35 years of drug-development expertise, including development of antiviral and anticancer drugs through to commercialization. He is a graduate of the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, where he obtained both his M.S. and Ph.D., discovering novel angiogenic molecules in the human brain. Dr. Conn started his pharmaceutical career at Merck, Sharpe, and Dohme, where he continued his work on novel angiogenic factors, discovering and characterizing the VEGF family of growth factors, work which led to the development and commercialization of the anti-cancer drug Avastin. He was later a leading scientist at Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, where he established and headed various groups in the Cell and Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery departments. Dr. Conn subsequently became a Director in the Process Development department at Covance Biotechnology Services Inc., a contract research and development and drug manufacturing organization, where he supervised the analytical development teams responsible for drug characterization, method development and drug stability studies, and program teams responsible for developing drug manufacturing processes. Dr. Conn has expertise across all phases of the drug development process, including FDA and regulatory requirements, is the co-inventor of eight drug patents, and was a founding member of the PDS team as CSO. Andrew Saik Chief Financial Officer, Director Mr. Saik joined PDS through the merger with Edge Therapeutics. He served as Chief Financial Officer of Edge since October 2017. Mr. Saik was Chief Financial Officer at Vertice Pharma, LLC from August 2015 to July 2017. From August 2014 to April 2015 he was Chief Financial Officer at Auxilium Pharmaceuticals, Inc., where Mr. Saik led all financial and information technology activities and relationships and played a critical leadership role in executing Auxilium’s diversification and growth strategy. From February 2013 to August 2014 Mr. Saik was Senior Vice President, Finance and Treasurer at Endo Health Solutions, Inc., where he was responsible for internal and external reporting, global consolidations of M&A transactions, cash management, debt financing and risk management. During his tenure at Endo, he helped complete the acquisition of Paladin Labs. Prior to Endo, Mr. Saik served in senior financial management roles with increasing responsibility at Valeant Pharmaceuticals International from January 2001 to July 2012, including Senior Vice President, Finance. In this post, he served as the overall finance lead for the acquisition and integration of the Johnson & Johnson and Sanofi-Aventis dermatology business units in the U.S. and Canada. From October 1999 to January 2001 he was a finance manager at Nexgenix, Inc. and prior to that, from 1996 to 1999, he was a senior financial analyst at Atlantic Richfield Corporation. He holds a Master of Business Administration from the University of Southern California and a Bachelor of Arts from the University of California, Los Angeles. Lauren V. Wood, M.D. Dr. Wood joined PDS Biotechnology as Chief Medical Officer in February 2019. She has overall responsibility for clinical development of the novel, immune activating Verrsamune® platform product pipeline targeting HPV-related pre-cancer and advanced cancers as well as a broad spectrum of solid tumors. With 30 years of extensive clinical research experience at the National Institutes of Health, Dr. Wood most recently was the Clinical Director of the Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute. While there she oversaw the translational development of immune-based therapies for both cancer and HIV infection and was a co-inventor of two patented therapeutic cancer vaccine platforms targeting the TARP and HER tumor antigens. Prior to joining the Vaccine Branch, Dr. Wood was a Senior Clinical Investigator from 1992-2009 in the NCI Pediatric Oncology and HIV and AIDS Malignancy Branches, overseeing teams investigating antiretroviral, anti-infective, and immunomodulatory therapies for HIV-infected children, adolescents and young adults. Trained in both Internal Medicine and Pediatrics with subspecialty training in Allergy and Immunology from NIAID, Dr. Wood received her M.D. from Duke University School of Medicine and B.A. in Biology from Oberlin College. Steve Glover Mr. Steve Glover joined PDS Biotech’s Board of Directors in April 2019 and is the Chairman of the Board of Directors. Mr. Glover is the Co-Founder and Managing Principal for Asclepius Life Sciences Fund, LP, and the Co-Founder, President and CEO of ZyVersa Therapeutics (formerly Variant Pharmaceuticals), a clinical-stage specialty biopharmaceutical company focused on developing drugs to treat inflammatory and renal diseases.Mr. Glover has extensive experience executing biopharmaceutical company turnarounds and growing top line revenues, with a focus on pharmaceutical business strategy corporate development, product development, commercialization and business optimization. His vast experience spans Fortune 100, start up and entrepreneurial environments. Steve’s transaction experience covers over 25 transactions totaling over $10 billion. His strategic and operational experience, which covers most therapeutic classes of biopharmaceuticals, includes strategic planning, corporate development, operations management, product development, clinical and regulatory, product marketing and sales management. Prior to co-founding ZyVersa, Mr. Glover was Co-Founder and Chief Business Officer of Coherus BioSciences, a late-stage commercial biologics platform Company focused on delivering biosimilar therapeutics which went public in 2014. Previously, he was President of Insmed Therapeutic Proteins and EVP and Chief Business Officer of Insmed Incorporated, where he was responsible for the creation of the Company’s biosimilar business unit and divestiture of that business to Merck and led the strategic review process that resulted in the merger of Insmed and Transave. Prior to joining Insmed, Mr. Glover held senior-level positions in sales, marketing and operations at Andrx Corporation, Roche Laboratories, Amgen and IMS Health. He currently serves as a Director of ZyVersa Therapeutics, Incon and Asclepius, as well as an BOD member of the Coulter Foundation as the University of Miami U Innovation Life Sciences Office. He holds a Bachelor’s Degree in Marketing from Illinois State University. Sir Richard Sykes Sir Richard Sykes has served on PDS’s board of directors since December 2014. He is currently Chairman of Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Chairman of the Royal Institution of Great Britain, Chairman of the UK Stem Cell Foundation, Chairman of Omnicyte, NetScientific and the investment board of Deepridge Capital. He was appointed Chancellor of Brunel University in 2013. Prior to that, he was Senior Independent Director and non-executive Chairman of ENRC from 2007 to June 2011, Chairman of NHS London from December 2008 to July 2010, Rector of Imperial College London from 2000 to 2008. He was a non-executive director of Rio Tinto plc from 1997 to 2007, and senior independent director from 2004 to 2007. He has over 30 years’ experience within the biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries field, serving as Chief Executive and Chairman of GlaxoWellcome from 1995 to 2000 and then as Chairman of GlaxoSmithkline until 2002. Internationally he is Chairman of the International Advisory Board, A*Star Biomedical Research Council, Singapore and a Board member of EDBI. He was awarded Honorary Citizenship of Singapore in 2004 for his contribution to the development of the country’s biomedical sciences industry. Sir Richard holds a number of degrees and awards from Institutions both in the UK and overseas. He is a Fellow of the Royal Society and Academy of Medical Sciences, and an Honorary Fellow of the Royal Academy of Engineering, Royal Society of Chemistry, Royal Pharmaceutical Society, Royal College of Pathologists and the Royal College of Physicians. He is also President of the R and D Society, a position he has held since 2002. He is a Fellow of Imperial College London and the Imperial College School of Medicine, King’s College London and Honorary Fellow of the Universities of Wales and Central Lancashire. Sir Richard received a Knighthood in the 1994 New Year’s Honours list for services to the pharmaceutical industry. The board of directors of PDS believe that Sir Richard’s extensive leadership experience, experience in biopharmaceutical product development, deep understanding of pharmaceutical development, and broad experience within the biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries provide him with the qualifications and skills to serve as a director. DeLyle W. Bloomquist Mr. Bloomquist has served on PDS’s board of Directors since December 2014. Mr. Bloomquist retired in March 2015 as the President, Global Chemicals Business for Tata Chemicals Ltd. as well as the President, CEO and Director of Tata Chemicals North America Inc. (the former General Chemical Industrial Products Inc.), which he was instrumental in selling to Tata Chemicals for over $1 billion in 2008. During his 28-year career, he held positions in finance, manufacturing, sales & marketing, logistics and general management. He has experience in taking companies public and private, raising financing in the public markets as well as with banks and private investors. Mr. Bloomquist serves on the Board of Directors for Rayonier Advanced Materials Inc. (NYSE: RYAM), Crystal Peak Minerals Inc. (TSXV: CPM), Gran Colombia Gold Corporation (TSX: GCM), PDS Biotechnology Corporation, Huber Engineered Materials, and Vivos Therapeutics Inc., and has served in the past on the Board of Directors of ANSAC, Oglebay Norton Corporation, a number of Tata Chemicals entities, and Costa Farms. He currently serves on the compensation and audit committees of RYAM; the technical, finance and audit committees of CPM; the audit committee of GCM; and the nomination and governance, and compensation committees of Vivos Therapeutics. He also serves on the Board of Business Advisors for the Tepper School of Business at Carnegie Mellon University. The board of directors of PDS believe that Mr. Bloomquist’s experience serving on public company board of directors, financial and managerial experience, and knowledge of PDS provide him with the qualifications and skills to serve as a director. Gregory Freitag Mr. Freitag has served on PDS’s board of directors since December 2014. Mr. Freitag currently serves as the General Counsel and a member of the board of directors of AxoGen, Inc. (NASDAQ: AXGN) and previously served as its Chief Financial Officer and Senior Vice President of Business Development. AxoGen, Inc. is a leading regenerative medicine company dedicated to peripheral nerve repair. Mr. Freitag was Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer and a board member from June 2010 through September 2011 of LecTec Corporation, an intellectual property licensing and holding company that merged with AxoGen in September 2011. Mr. Freitag is a principal of FreiMc, LLC, a health care and life science consulting and advisory firm he founded that provides strategic guidance and business development services. Prior to founding FreiMc, Mr. Freitag was a Director of Business Development at Pfizer Health Solutions, a former subsidiary of Pfizer, Inc. and worked for Guidant Corporation in their business development group. Prior to Guidant Corporation, Mr. Freitag was the Chief Executive Officer of HTS Biosystems, a biotechnology tools start-up company and was the Chief Operating Officer, Chief Financial Officer and General Counsel of Quantech, Ltd. Prior to Quantech, Mr. Freitag practiced corporate law in Minneapolis, Minnesota. Mr. Freitag is also a director of the Foundation Board of HealthEast Care System, a health care system in Minnesota. The board of directors of PDS believe that Mr. Freitag’s leadership, legal, and accounting experiences and knowledge, as well as his familiarity with the pharmaceutical industry and PDS, provide him with the qualifications and skills to serve as a director. James J. Loughlin Mr. Loughlin joined PDS’s board of directors following the merger with Edge Therapeutics. He served on Edge’s board of directors since November of 2011. Since 2007, he has served on the board of Celgene Corporation (NASDAQ: CELG), where he is chair of the audit committee and a member of the compensation committee. Mr. Loughlin retired in 2003 after 40 years at KPMG LLP, a leading professional accounting and business consulting firm. As a partner at KPMG, he served for five years as a member of the board as well as National Director of the Pharmaceuticals Practice and as Chairman of the pension and investment committee of the KPMG Board from 1995 through 2001. Mr. Loughlin is a certified public accountant and received his B.S. degree in Accounting from St. Peter’s University in 1964. The board of directors of PDS believe Mr. Loughlin’s valuable experiences as national director of the pharmaceuticals practice at KPMG LLP, an extensive background in accounting and financial reporting, and prior service on the board of directors of other publicly-held biopharmaceutical companies, provide him with the qualifications and skills to serve as a director. PDS’s management team is supported by a group of leading advisors, recognized experts in the fields of cancer immunotherapy, immunology, and gynecological oncology. PDS’s key advisors include: Darron R. Brown, M.D., Professor of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine. Professor of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine. Mark Einstein, M.D., Professor and Chair of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women’s Health, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School. Neil Gross, M.D., Director of Clinical Research, Department of Head and Neck Surgery, MD Anderson Cancer Center. Leaf Huang, Ph.D., Fred N. Eshelman Distinguished Professor and Chair, Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill. Samir N. Khleif, M.D., Professor of Medicine, The Loop Immuno-Oncology Lab, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center. Lisa Rohan, Ph.D., Professor of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and the Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine. Investigator and Biotechnology Advisory Board Member, Magee Women’s Research Institute. Jerold G. Woodward, Ph.D., Professor, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Kentucky College of Medicine. Error: Cannot create object	cc/2020-05/en_head_0063.json.gz/line326

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