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__label__wiki	0.706971	0.706971	Amrit Panigrahy Photos, Stories, Poems and More… Photos \|\| Home Cognition Corner Why & How Posted on June 22, 2017 July 3, 2017 by Amrit Panigrahy Dome Diaries – Part II: Adil Shahi and curse of the Maratha Dome Diaries Navigator – Prologue \|\| Part I \|\| Part II \|\| Part III \|\| Epilogue The battle of Talikota in 1565 AD and the ensuing defeat of Vijayanagara empire ushered in a period of relative stability, which resulted in prosperity for all the Deccan sultanates. It was particularly so for the Adil Shahis of Bijapur as they shared the longest border with Vijayanagara. Post Talikota Adil Shahi diplomacy was a perfect balance between marriage alliances (with Nizam Shahis of Ahmednagar and Qutb Shahis of Golconda) and military campaigns (against Barid Shahis of Bidar). The idea of peace is a relative term, and in medieval India it could be gauged by comparing the length of the reigns of different rulers. Ibrahim Adil Shah II, the sixth Sultan of Bijapur and later his son Mohammed Adil Shah reigned over Bijapur of eight decades. The Bijapur sultanate remained in existence for two centuries in total. Now, that’s peaceful! Image: A Canna Red King Humbert flower with Gagan Mahal in the background, in Bijapur, Karnataka, India Absence of any threat from Vijayanagara and the diplomacy with other Deccan sultanates meant Bijapur could now exert its control over the majority of the newly conquered area, and most importantly over the very fertile Raichur doab. Steady revenue inflows from the Raichur doab and other conquered dominions down south, and the immense wealth that was plundered after sacking of the capital of Vijayanagara, improved Bijapur’s finances by manifolds. This newfound abundance was used in uplifting the lifestyle of the subjects, creating architectural marvels, and patronizing art. The Jagadguru Badshah: After the demise of Ali Adil Shah I in 1579 AD, his adopted son Ibrahim Adil Shah II took over the reign as Sultan of Bijapur. The new Sultan was a class apart from his predecessors, and would stay so from his successors too. His reign would last for five decades, one fourths of Bijapur sultanate’s total existence. These five decades would unquestionably be the golden period of Bijapur sultanate. The sultanate would transform from religious tolerance as a state policy to religious inclusion, thanks to the Sultan’s efforts to bring cultural harmony between Shias and Sunnis, and Hindus and Muslims. Ibrahim Adil Shah II would go on to become an acclaimed poet, in addition to being an able and just ruler. He is credited with composing Kitab-e-Navras, which is a collection of 59 poems and 17 couplets, dedicated to Goddess Saraswati, Lord Ganapati, his queen Chaand Sultana, and also his Tanpura “Moti Khan” and his elephant “Atis Khan”, among other things. All of this earned him the title of “Jagadguru Badshah”. In addition, Ibrahim Adil Shah II gave Bijapur its most prized possession. No, it is not the Gol Gumbaz. He commissioned building of a very ornate mausoleum for his queen consort, Taj Sultana. And by doing so, in all probability he laid the foundation of the idea to dedicate grand mausoleums to consorts, which culminated in the grandest of them all, the Taj Mahal in Agra. Though the mausoleum he had commissioned was built for his queen consort, he was the one to die first and to be buried there. Hence, the mausoleum got its name, Ibrahim Rouza, also called the Black Taj, or the Taj of Deccan (contested, as Bibi ka Maqbara in Aurangabad is also known as the Taj of Deccan). Image: The corridor outside the catacomb of Ibrahim Rouza, in Bijapur, Karnataka, India With the demise of Ibrahim Adil Shah II in 1627 AD, Bijapur would near the end of its golden period. Mohammaed Adil Shah and the curse of the Maratha: Mohammed Adil Shah took over the throne of Bijapur after his father’s death in 1627 AD. He took over the reigns of Bijapur when the sultanate was at its zenith, and he tried his best to live up to his father’s reputation in his three decades of rule. His efforts were mainly focused on improving the socio-economic and educational standards of his subjects, and succeeded to a large extent. However, his best known contributions to the history would be these two: 1) Gol Gumbaz, his mausoleum, which is the world’s second largest freestanding dome, and dominates the Bijapuri skyline to date; and 2) His dealing with the revolt of Shahji (Shivaji’s father) and later Shivaji, which turned the Marathas against Bijapur and shaped the present of India as we know today. Image: One of the canons outside the museum near Gol Gumbaz, in Bijapur, Karnataka, India The Marathas had fought alongside the Deccan sultanates in the battle of Talikota against the Vijayanagara empire. However, events leading up to Bijapur’s alliance with the Mughals during Shah Jahan’s campaign against the Nizam Shahis of Ahmednagar saw Shahji’s Maratha forces fighting for the sovereignty of the Nizam Shahis. During this campaign Shahji is credited with the decimation of the combined Mughal and Adil Shahi forces manifolds larger than that of his Marathas. Unfavorable turn of events would see Shahji accepting Adil Shahi supremacy and being deputed to manage the jagir of Bangalore, further south. Shahji would then send his son Shivaji and wife Jijabai to manage his jagirs in Pune. Driven by the vengeance to correct the injustice done to his father by the Adil Shahis, Shivaji would start taking over Bijapur territories, capturing his first fort at a tender age of fifteen. Shivaji’s “misadventures” would “compel” Mohammed Adil Shah to let lose his trusted general Afzal Khan, to teach Shivaji a lesson. This decision, as the Adil Shahis would realize later, would cost them dearly. Afzal Khan was a big man driven by a strong desire to prove his worth. Notwithstanding Afzal Khan’s bravery on battlefields and physical built, he was of questionable repute and on many occasions had used deception to his advantage. Till this point in time, Marathas were unaffected by the ongoing rivalry between Shivaji and Adil Shahis. Image: A priest in Tulja Bhavani temple, in Tuljapur, Maharashtra, India On a relentless pursuit, Afzal Khan would then kill Shivaji’s elder brother Sambhaji using deception, after having asked him to come for negotiations. Sometime later, to provoke and drive out Shivaji, Afzal Khan would attack on the Bhavani temple, in Tuljapur, and Vittala temple, in Pandharpur, desecrating the temples in the process. This was a stark departure from Adil Shahi state policy of religious tolerance and inclusion. These events would slowly turn the tides in favor of Shivaji, when other Maratha clans and sub-clans would rally behind him against the Bijapuri forces, grossly angered and humiliated by Afzal Khan’s actions. Shivaji would kill Afzal Khan, when the latter would try to kill him using the same tactic he had used against Sambhaji, and in the ensuing battle of Pratapgadh, Bijapuri forces would be annihilated. Even after the defeat of Bijapuri forces in subsequent battles with the Marathas, Shah Jahan would still be respecting his treaty with Mohammed Adil Shah, and would allow the latter rule over a sovereign Bijapur. But this wouldn’t last long. After Mohammed Adil Shah’s demise, his son Ali Adil Shah II would ascend the throne. Constant fighting with the Marathas had already weakened the Bijapur sultanate by then. And a few years later Shah Jahan would give in to the pressure from Aurangzeb and sanction a war against Bijapur to annex it into the Mughal empire. Ali Adil Shah II would die as the last independent Sultan of Bijapur, in 1672 AD. Mughal’s under Aurangzeb would finally annex Bijpaur in 1686 AD. This would give rise to the last of the three most bitterly fought rivalries of the Indian subcontinent of that millenium, that of Shivaji and Aurangzeb (the first being between Prithviraj Chauhan and Muhammed of Ghor, and the second between Rana Pratap and Akbar). There, two centuries of Adil Shahi history of Bijapur in two parts of “Dome Diaries”. It is fascinating how a certain event leads to a chain of events that change the course of time. For example, had Mohammed Adil Shah tried to negotiate with Shivaji instead of using a military commander like Afzal Khan, India’s past and present would have been entirely different. Unfortunately, we have not been fully appraised of the past that has shaped our present. I have been reading about history of ancient and medieval India for some time now. It fascinates how (un)related events of India of the past that shaped up the India of today, are (conveniently) ignored by our history books. Few weeks ago, I had written a small piece on drawing parallels during medieval India, and called it “Drawing Parallels”. You can read it here. END OF PART II In frame (in order of appearance): 1) A Canna Red King Humbert flower with Gagan Mahal in the background, in Bijapur, Karnataka, India. Gagan Mahal is one of the many palaces in Bijapur. 2) The corridor outside the catacomb in Ibrahim Rouza, Bijapur, Karnataka, India. 3) One of the many canons outside the museum near Gol Gumbaz, in Bijapur, Karnataka, India. The inscriptions on the face are names of the twelve Imams of the Shia Muslims. This canon is believed to have adorned one of the many bastions on the fort wall, during the reign of Ali Adil Shah I. 4) A priest of Tulja Bhavani, inside the Tulja Bhavani temple, in Tuljapur, Maharashtra, India. VERY IMPORTANT TO NOTE: Yes, you can share this work with proper attribution. But, please seek permission before using this work (not including the photo), partially or fully. YOU CAN NOT USE THE PHOTO. Believe me, asking is better than ending up in court or facing public shaming on social media. Thanks for understanding. © Amrit Panigrahy. All rights reserved. This entry was posted in:history, travel Tagged with:history, india, photograph, photography, picture, story, travel Written by Amrit Panigrahy Amrit is a freelance photographer and a storyteller. Previous PostDome Diaries – Part I: Rise of Adil Shahi, with envy from Delhi? Next PostSees it all! Pingback: Dome Diaries – Prologue – Amrit Panigrahy Pingback: Dome Diaries – Part I: Rise of Adil Shahi, with envy from Delhi? – Amrit Panigrahy Pingback: Dome Diaries – Part III: Two and a half tombs, and other things – Amrit Panigrahy Pingback: Dome Diaries – Epilogue – Amrit Panigrahy © Copyrights Reserved – The CC license is applicable only to the “narrations” on this website. All rights for the photographs are reserved. Hi there! Thanks for visiting my blog. Kindly enter your email address to follow my blog and receive notifications of new posts by email. Follow Amrit Panigrahy on WordPress.com	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line812
__label__cc	0.72993	0.27007	Home > Select Central Gov dept Central Government departments 21 records found Dept▲ Data loaded range Spend URL BEIS Department for Business, Energy & Industrial Strategy 2016/08 - 2019/03 Backlog of spend data from 2017/10 is being gradually addressed. De... Spend page BIS Department for Business, Innovation and Skills 2011/01 - 2016/07 Dept disbanded in July 2016 and incorporated into BEIS. Spend page CO Cabinet Office 2011/01 - 2019/09 Data easy to access. Reasonably up to date. Spend page DCMS Department for Culture Media and Sport 2011/01 - 2019/09 Peculiar data content. Very few records. Usually not up to date. Spend page DECC Department of Energy and Climate Change 2011/01 - 2016/07 Dept disbanded in July 2016 and incorporated into BEIS. Spend page Defra Department for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs 2011/01 - 2019/08 Reasonably up to date. Few records. May 2012 missing. Spend page DExEU Department for Exiting the European Union 2016/07 - 2019/09 Up to date. Very few records - to say the least! Dept created in Ju... Spend page DfE Department for Education 2011/01 - 2019/11 Data easy to access. Not usually up to date. Large number of record... Spend page DFID Department for International Development 2011/01 - 2019/11 Spend data is easy to access, consistent format and reasonably up t... Spend page DfT Department for Transport 2011/01 - 2019/10 Now easy to download. Not up to date. Many data errors - missing or... Spend page DHSC Department of Health & Social Care 2011/01 - 2019/09 Data easy to access. Reasonably up to date. Variable formats and va... Spend page DIT Department for International Trade 2016/07 - 2019/09 Data easy to access. Reasonably up to date. Dept created in July 20... Spend page DWP Department for Work and Pensions 2011/01 - 2019/09 Data easy to access. Not usually up to date. Reasonably good qualit... Spend page FCO Foreign & Commonwealth Office 2011/01 - 2019/10 Spend data easy to access. Up to date. Some data errors. Large vari... Spend page HMPPS HM Prison & Probation Service 2019/01 - 2019/05 Data easy to access. Not up to date. Data quality is usually good. Spend page HMRC HM Revenue and Customs 2011/01 - 2019/11 Data easy to access and up to date. Spend page HMT HM Treasury 2011/01 - 2019/09 Data easy to access. Reasonably up to date. Very few records. Spend page HO Home Office 2011/01 - 2019/09 Egregious reluctance to publish spend data - 2015/16/17 data only p... Spend page MHCLG Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government 2011/01 - 2019/07 New name in Jan 2018. Data easy to access but not up to date. Good ... Spend page MOD Ministry of Defence 2011/01 - 2019/08 Data easy to access. Reasonably up to date. Data quality is usually... Spend page MOJ Ministry of Justice 2011/01 - 2019/04 Not up to date. Improved download page but no overall collection pa... Spend page Click on Dept link for details. Data loaded shows the start & end range of data available. July 2016 - three new departments created (BEIS, DExEU & DIT) and two disbanded (BIS & DECC). January 2018 - Department for Communities and Local Government (DCLG) renamed as Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government (MHCLG) and Department of Health (DH) renamed as Department of Health and Social Care (DHSC) Major Projects (GMPP) Ministerial Statement re government accountability and transparency (14 Dec 2017) Prime Minister's memo to Cabinet colleagues re government transparency and open data (14 Dec 2017) Central Government IT news from Government Computing List of central government Departments, Agencies, Public Bodies etc Notes on Central Gov spend data Whitehall Monitor 2017 report from the Institute of Government - criticism of poor transparency in central gov spending data.	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line829
__label__wiki	0.810635	0.810635	Trope, Dueling Tropes, Combat Tropes, Older Than Feudalism Combat by Champion Quotes • Playing With • Useful Notes • Analysis • "You know, Dick, if I had my way, I'd meet Rommel face to face; him in his tank and me in mine. We'd meet out there somewhere... salute each other, maybe drink a toast, then we'd button up and do battle. The winner would decide the outcome of the entire war." —General George S. Patton in Patton There's a dispute, and you could have your armies go at each other and kill a lot of people and cause a lot of damage -- but really, wouldn't it just be simpler all around if two soldiers fought? (Or two small, numerically identical groups?) Obviously, if the other side is evil, you consent only if Even Evil Has Standards, because you must trust their word, and it's not unknown for a battle to break out anyway, but sometimes it works. Let's Fight Like Gentlemen is often expected. And, of course, This Is Something He's Got to Do Himself. May be an Involuntary Battle to the Death between Worthy Opponents. If the champion says Give Me a Sword, he is sure to get one. Also known as single combat, but covers only those fights where the two people fighting are deliberately selected from many. If it's only single combat because potential allies can't take part, see Locked Out of the Fight instead. Contrast Leave Him to Me. Compare Duels Decide Everything, Trial by Combat, Worthy Opponent. Could be part of the rules of Challenging the Chief. Examples of Combat by Champion include: This was done to avoid bloodshed in Basilisk: Two rival Ninja clans fighting with several selected representatives on behalf of the Ieyasu brothers to see who earns rule of the shogun (based on an 18th-century Japanese novel). In G Gundam, the Gundam Fight is a tournament that the space colonies use as a substitute for war, each colony sending one Gundam fighter to represent them. The reason behind the existence of the Kampfers. Occurs on a small scale in the "Twins' Guards" episode of Gun X Sword: a town split into two factions hires Van and Ray to fight each other. The fight is supposed to settle a dispute over an inheritance without further loss of lives of the warring townspeople. War between the two main nations of Last Exile usually takes this format. A bunch of Red Shirts with muskets line up and shoot at one another from a single ship; whoever has the most survivors is declared the winner of the battle. Only if the results are inconclusive does a full naval battle begin. The Otome system in Mai-Otome works this way in both the anime and manga continuities. An Otome is far more powerful than conventional military forces, and if she dies, so will the leader to whom she is contracted. In the manga, the dispute between Cardair and the Aswad is settled by having Akira fight Arika, but this is interrupted when Natsuki intervenes and forces the duel to stop. Defied in Mobile Suit Gundam Wing. When Treize challenges Zechs to a duel to decide the outcome of the titanic battle that is about to start, Zechs refuses, claiming that the nature of the conflict is too serious to be resolved by a single duel. In "The Travelers", this is actually how all of the kingdoms prefer to do battle, because of the terrible consequences of war. Unfortunately a false champion results in war anyway. Then oddly subverted at the end, when the real champion challenges EVRYONE in the opposing armies to single combat to decide the war. No one calls him on this, and his friends are amazed that he managed to bluff so many people. In Battleground: Tatooine, the Rogues and some Imperials both want a smuggler, and the smuggler's relative has been well-bribed by both sides and can't decide who to hand the smuggler over to. The Rogues are smallish pilots, the Imperials are enormous seasoned troopers, so there's no truly fair form of combat. So two from each side are armed with a Blade on a Stick, allowed to inflict non-lethal injuries, and told to compete to reach a specific goal. This still favors the Imperial troopers, and they win, but ultimately it doesn't matter. Angel tries to do this to the Demon Lords of Los Angeles in Angel After The Fall - just him against all their champions (including a tyrannosaurus rex). His friends step in when it seems clear he's getting his ass kicked, and from there it basically turns into a free for all. Happens in one storyline of the Nintendo Comics System series based on The Legend of Zelda, when Link has to defend the Queen of his homeland of Calatia against a would-be usurper. In Scion, the Heron and Raven kingdoms have fought for generations. 200 years prior to the start of the series, the kingdoms' fleets fought at sea and were caught in a storm that washed the combatants onto an island. The fleet commanders fought mano-a-mano while their comrades watched. Neither individual would yield, though. Eventually they agreed to call a truce, not only to their fight, but to the war itself. The island eventually hosted an annual ritualistic combat tournament between the kingdoms to replace actual combat and to keep the peace. It's in this tournament that Ethan and Bron meet for the first time, in head-to-head competition. The Archie Sonic the Hedgehog series has this in the backstory. After the Great War had ground into a bloody stalemate, Robotnik convinced King Acorn to challenge the Overlander leader to a duel, figuring that King Acorn would easily win, and that the Overlanders would pull a fast one, leaving him to rule. He was actually right, but Acorn's own bodyguards were Genre Savvy enough to not trust the villains and held the other Overlanders at gunpoint until after their people had surrendered. A Silver/BronzeAge Superman comic featured one of these as part of Krypton's history. In its early days, the planet didn't rotate in the right fashion to support life, so the two largest Kryptonian tribes each selected a champion to decide who would have access to the last bits of food and water. During the fight, their weapons got tangled in a way that helped them discover a means of altering the planet's rotation, thus turning the planet into a paradise. Again, Silver/Bronze Age. Defied in Kyon: Big Damn Hero. After a week of trashing Yakuza, culminating on Kyon, Tsuruya and Yuki fighting 20+ men in favor of the named characters, Kyon and Tsuruya managed to convince Yakuza boss Masao not to end everything in Combat by Champion. After all, nobody was dead and the only thing Tsuruya wants is a photo Masao's men have from her while changing clothes deleted before it reaches the Internet. Troy. The battle in the beginning, Boagrius is set to fight against Achilles, but dies within seconds. Subverted by Paris and Menelaus. Paris flees the fight and Hector interferes and kills Menelaus. The battle was pointless anyway, as both Hector's wife and Agamemnon state that the invading army would attack whatever the outcome. Patton said he would have liked to duel with Rommel to decide the outcome of World War II (but with tanks, not pistols or swords). Robot Jox also has Humongous Mecha fight instead of war. The gang war between the Jets and Sharks in West Side Story was to be decided by having a rumble between the two gangs. Tony manages to have the rumble settled via a "fair fight" between the best fighter from each gang, Ice from the Jets and Bernardo from the Sharks. It doesn't turn out so well for Bernardo. The Right Stuff evokes this trope, but it's unique in that it describes (in painful detail) how many test pilots died in combat against an inanimate object, the sound barrier. Alice in Tim Burton's Alice in Wonderland, against the Jabberwocky, the former on the White Queen's side and the latter on the Red Queen's. And then the Mad Hatter intervenes and general melee ensues, armored cards on the red side, chess pieces and Alice's friends on the white side.]] The Chronicles of Narnia: Prince Caspian had Peter offering single combat against Miraz. He wounds Miraz, but lets Caspain decide Miraz's fate. Caspian spares Miraz, but one of his advisers kills Miraz with a Narnian arrow to make it look like Narnia cheated. At the end of The Postman, General Bethlehem and The Postman decide the war by fighting each other. "Wouldn't it be great if wars could be fought just by the assholes who started them?" In a way, Pirates of the Caribbean: At World's End. Hundreds of pirate ships! Hundreds of EITC ships! Yet the battle is only disputed by one vessel of each side (the Black Pearl and the Flying Dutchman) - the maelstrom is partially guilty for this, but... In On Stranger Tides, Jack actually suggests this between Barbossa and Blackbeard, but everyone ignores him and attacks each other anyway. In Star Wars: Revenge of the Sith, the two surviving Jedi (Yoda and Obi-Wan) decide to split up and confront the two Sith separately, one-on-one. Yeah, they don't succeed. In Homer's Iliad, Menelaus and Paris fight a duel, but Aphrodite spirits Paris away when he starts to get the worst of it. Later, Hector and Ajax, son of Telamon, duel all day to a draw, and exchange gifts afterward. Ultimately none of the duels fought during The Trojan War resolve anything. In CS Lewis' Till We Have Faces, Orual herself fights the neighboring prince over his brother, who had taken refuge in her kingdom. Since she kills him, making his brother king, it does settle it. Peter and King Miraz in C.S. Lewis' Prince Caspian. Some treacherous underlings on Miraz's side turn it into a battle. In Hilari Bell's Farsala Trilogy, the commander of the Farsalan army offers a duel at the end of the book. Unfortunately for him, the Hrum commander cheats and just shoots him down in cold blood. He DOES agree to a duel at the end of the trilogy... but only because he knows Sorhab doesn't exist. And when somebody DOES take him up on this offer, he still plans to cheat. In James Swallow's Warhammer 40000 Blood Angels novel Deus Sanguinius, single combat is proposed as a test of whether Arkio really is Sanguinius reborn. Mephiston is about to accept when Rafen declares it his place, and Mephiston steps aside for him. The Inquisitor Stele manages to turn it into a general battle, but Rafen still goes after Arkio and defeats him. The BattleTech novel Wolves on the Border has the Kuritans fight a series of honour duels against Wolf's Dragoons in this manner rather than a full scale battle. At least to start with anyway. This is also a common part of Clan culture in that universe. Because of their emphasis on individual honor and glory, there's a strong tendency to keep forces as small as possible (while still achieving one's objectives, of course) and settle disputes in single combat between champions every so often. Perhaps the most famous example was Natasha Kerensky's bid to take the planet Rasalhague Gunzburg with a single warrior... Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Most battles seem to be determined by duels fought between the commanders on opposite sides, as the winner's troops gain a morale boost and many of the defeated commander's troops would desert. Gan Ning is notable for shooting a challenger before the duel could commence. The climactic battles in the Redwall books Lord Brocktree and Salamandastron. Both times it's done when the mountain is under siege by the vermin, and the Badger Lord offers to do the single-combat way to cut the war short and save his followers. Badger Lords are made for this trope, since they're honourable to a fault, but also really really hard to defeat. Also in Mattimeo, when Matthias fights the Wearet. Noteworthy for turning into a battle anyway when Matthias lost. The reason that The Hero in The Belgariad sets off with only two other main characters to fight the Big Bad. The cannibals in Nation decide whether to attack by single combat between chieftains, believing that the winner is the one favored by the God of Death. Of course, since they eat and enslave those they attack, the native tribes themselves presumably don't just give up if their champion loses. A Song of Ice and Fire: Several people have challenged the person besieging their castle to single combat to determine whether they surrender. Thus far, the only person to accept was Danaerys, who sent her champion to fight the champion of a city she was besieging for morale reasons rather than any expectation they would surrender because he won. There is also the judicial tradition of trial by combat, based on the idea that the gods will make the righteous man's champion win. The very first time this comes up (in the case of Lysa Arryn v. Tyrion Lannister) Lyn Corbray points out that the gods usually favour the champion with the surest sword. And let's not forget The Viper vs. The Mountain In "The Sworn Sword," the conflict between Ser Eustace and the Red Widow is resolved by a combat by champion. Dunk fights for Eustace and Ser Lucas fights for Lady Rohanne. The duel actually does help resolve the dispute peacefully. The Aeneid ends with a such a battle between Aeneas and Turnus, though not quite so useful as this happened long after months of deadly combat. Jim Butcher's The Dresden Files novel Death Masks opens with Ortega challenging Dresden to such a combat, intended to be determined by matching wills. Ortega cheats during the subsequent battle in a very extreme manner, and manages to escape. Fortunately, he doesn't escape Ebenezar McCoy and his Soviet satellites. In a later book Harry and Ramirez challenge two White Court vampires in a much less restricted battle. And again, the vampire cheats when it starts to go against him. And in Changes The Erl-King decides this is a good way to determine which of his guests is going to be ripped apart. The two powerful vampires end up nominating their blood beast creature and a random Mook who got killed within the first ten seconds against Harry and Susan. Given that when it lost they got ripped to shreds by goblins maybe one of them should have stepped up. And again in Changes, the Red King declares Harry and Arianna Ortega's dispute will be resolved through a duel. Harry wipes the floor with Arianna but, once again, the vampire cheats. In Cry of the Icemark, a general on the villains' side challenges the heroes' queen to single combat to decide the war between their lands. The deal is that if he wins, she surrenders Icemark, and if she wins, he leaves. Though Thirrin realizes and notes that this would only keep them away until a new general comes along, they do battle anyway. In The Right Stuff, Tom Wolfe characterizes the "Space Race" between the USA and USSR as a form of single combat. Because the possibility of all-out war was distateful and frightening to both sides, they channeled their rivalry into a race to the Moon. The whole Southern Judicial system in the One Rose Trilogy is based on this trope In New Jedi Order, Corran Horn challenges Shedao Shai to single combat over the fate of Ithor. Corran wins, but the Vong still decide to devestate Ithor. Mentioned but averted in two books of the X Wing Series. In The Krytos Trap, Wedge accepts a challenge to a ritualistic knife duel with Tal'dira, which Wedge, as a short pilot, knew he would likely have trouble with. It turns out to be merely a test of Wedge's resolve (and that of the merchant who was attempting to deal with Wedge), and the challenge is nullified soon after. In Starfighter of Adumar, Wedge reflects that he'd be fine with flying against and killing a champion, be he Imperial or Adumari, to decide the planet's allegiance, but instead he's expected to fly against bad Adumari pilots and kill them for "honor", which is weighed against how the Imperials do. "Bad Cartannese pilots" is right. No formation discipline, almost no simulated-weapons drills or flight simulators, and a "combat equals honor" mentality that leads to top pilots dying in droves. Not all of the Adumari are poor pilots (although not up to galactic standards by any means), but the Cartannese were truly duel-happy maniacs. In Splinter of the Minds Eye, Luke ends up having to fight a native Coway champion to win the freedom of his allies and his own right to walk out of their major encampment again. In Andy Hoare's White Scars novel Hunt for Voldorius, Jhogai demands the right, as company champion, to face off against the Chaos champion Nullus. He loses. In Matthew Arnold's reworking of the old Persian epic Sobrah and Rustem a father and son find themselves in two different armies and end up in a Combat by Champion. Interestingly this was one of CS Lewis s favorite poems, as much for the descriptive power as for the plot itself. In book 26 of Animorphs, the Animorphs are pitted against seven Howlers to decide the fate of an entire alien planet. Rana Sanga vs Rao in the Backstory of Belisarius Series. Rana Sanga vs Valentinian in the volume Fortune's Stroke as well. E. R. Eddison's The Worm Ouroboros has the wrestling match between Lord Goldry Bluszco of Demonland and King Gorice XI of Witchland, with Witchland's claim for suzerainty over Demonland at stake. One of the most epic instances of this has to be the fight between Elven high king Fingolfin and the Dark Lord Morgoth in The Silmarillion. Unfortunately, Fingolfin loses, but it's so epic that Middle-Earth's version of Satan is afraid to face him in the first place and only wins after Fingolfin gives him a permanent limp. For the rest of the war until the coming of Valar, Morgoth would not come out of his fortress for fear of ending up in that situation again. In the Warrior Cats Expanded Universe novel Crookedstar's Promise one of the battles for Sunningrocks is decided by a duel between Mudfur and Adderfang. In Sean McMullen's Greatwinter Trilogy, 40th century North American society has a long and storied tradition of conducting all warfare by chivalrous Old School Dogfighting with aircraft built of cloth and wood and flown by a pilot-aristocracy. Fighting a war on the ground with commoner infantry is considered dishonorable and unchivalrous, and a massive waste of scant resources, until infiltrators from another continent reintroduce the concept of total war. Live Action TV Doctor Who "The Christmas Invasion"; a newly regenerated Doctor saves the world by beating the leader of the Sycorax to ritual combat, standing as Earth's champion. During the course of this fight, the Doctor loses and regrows his right hand. When the leader tries to go back on it, though? The doctor kills him easily. With a satsuma. At Christmas. Having just woken from a coma. "No second chances. I'm that sort of a man." The Aeneid ends with such a duel between Turnus and Aeneas, though it isn't quite as useful as the sides have already endured long months of war. In Wolf of the Plains, right after the Tartars are defeated, Temujin and Eeluk fight for who will be khan of the Wolves. Temujin wins. In an episode of Deadwood, Heart and Swearengen's duel for control of the camp turns into a Combat by Champion, as each man sends his dragon to fight the other's in the street. The fight doesn't settle anything, but it does rattle and weaken the loser. Angel. In one episode Angel kills a demon who turns out to be a pregnant girl's champion who was going to fight in her name against a demonic tribunal. Naturally, Angel takes his place and fights for her. Merlin: In one season 4 episode, Arthur avoids all out war by battling the other kingdom's champion and winning In Babylon 5 the pre-Valen Minbari had a tradition of Combat by Champion by ritual suicide. The classic episode of Star Trek the Original Series "Arena," pitting Captain Kirk against the Gorn. Averted in Game of Thrones. After being captured, Jaime Lannister suggests this to Robb Stark as a way of resolving the brewing civil war. Robb declines, knowing that he'd lose against a member of the Kingsguard. And still manages to sound badass when doing it. Robb: If we do it your way, Kingslayer, you'd win. We're not doing it your way. In one episode of Xena: Warrior Princess, Xena manages to save a bunch of soldiers from being annihilated by the barbaric Horde when she stops seeing them as monsters and learns that they respect Combat by Champion. She fights and defeats their strongest warrior, and the Horde departs. Wonder Woman TV series: "Wonder Woman’s return": After being in a stalemate with Dr. Solano, he proposes to Wonder Woman a sword fight. “Winner gets all”. It’s a trap. The Narmtastic knife fight from Michael Jackson's "Beat It" video. In a Greek legend, two brothers agree to rule the throne of Thebes on alternating years. After the first year, the first brother Eteocles predictably refuses to step down from the throne. His brother, Polyneices, gathers a large army to take the city by force. The two sides fail to defeat each other, so they make the brothers duel to decide the war. Similarly to the above example, the duel decides nothing. It's for a totally different reason, though: they kill each other in the end. David and Goliath from The Bible. A lesser known instance is also a subversion. The remnant of the deposed King Saul's army sends a bunch of champions to fight an equal number from King David's army. The result? A tie. The battle proceeds in a more conventional manner shortly after. In Warhammer 40000, it's an ancient tradition that whenever a Dark Angels company and a Space Wolves company meet, each selects a champion to fight in a (usually non-lethal) duel, in honour of the battle between their Primarchs, Lion El'Johnson and Leman Russ. In Warhammer, meanwhile, units with special characters can have them challenge opposing units's special characters. If they win, the chance of the opposing side breaking off and fleeing shoots way up. The Warriors of Chaos have to make a challenge if they can, because their reason for fighting is to impress their gods - doing so is much easier by hacking down lords and masters instead of Mooks. And even if they didn't have to, they probably would anyway unless really, really seriously outclassed, because they get special bonuses for shredding enemy leaders in single combat - besides the obvious benefit of scaring the crap out of the other side, who watch trembling as the psychopath in the horned helmet brutally eviscerates their leader. Bretonnians from Warhammer Fantasy are a very special example of this trope. Since they are knights in shiny armor, they are expected to meet their enemy in duel. Latest armybook gives them Virtue that forces them to challenge and an magic item that forces enemies to accept challenges. Combine them and you have a knight who never lives to kill other heroes. Dark Sun is quite low on resources, so 'combat by champions' is one of traditional ways to settle dispute in the desert. In the Magic: The Gathering set Shards of Alara, the world of Bant has an entire culture founded on this very trope. The game mechanics reflect this with the keyword ability "Exalted", which gives power boosts to any creature that attacks alone. The card Dueling Grounds imposes this by allowing only one creature to attack and block each turn. The Archenemy scheme Choose Your Champion also fits as well. Many roleplaying games resolve mass combats this way, using a small sample of both sides' forces to decide the outcome of the entire battle. A few games offer more realistic mass combat systems, but even then this trope often ends up invoked due to Rule of Fun. The Clans in BattleTech have built an entire system and protocol revolving around Combat by Champion. Opposing factions will "bid" down their forces to the minimum practical amount, selecting a few of their best warriors who meet in a proxy battlefield called the "Circle of Equals". Pretty much every big dispute in Clan life is ultimately solved by a few champions killing each other to decide who's right. These battles are known as Trials, with various types. Trials of Position have Clan warriors fighting for rank, Trials of Possession have Clans fighting for a place or resource, Trials of Refusal have one Clan disputing the actions of another, etc. During the early months of their invasion of the Inner Sphere, they even try this with Inner Sphere forces. The IS factions, not being Proud Warrior Race Guys like the Clans, of course lie about what the number and disposition of their forces. Hilarity Ensues. ComStar was an exception, as they won the Trial of Possession for Earth against the Clans fair and square, but otherwise the Inner Sphere took full advantage of the Clans' honor and naivety at every turn. In Traveller Aslan often do this as a cheap way of solving clan quarrels. of course they do. In The Golden Apple, the adaptational equivalent of The Trojan War culminates with Hector arranging a prizefight between Menelaus and Paris. Ulysses accidentally KO's Menelaus while coaching him, takes his spot in the ring and knocks Paris out. The tribes in Bionicle's Bara Manga setting have agreed to settle disputes this way to save resources. As a result, these Gladiator Games have become a Matter of Life and Death. Subverted when a new tribe joins the system and raises an army anyway. Part of the back story of Suikoden II involves a duel between the champion of Highland (who is Riou and Nanami's adopted grandfather) and the champion of the City States of Jowston, to end the long war between the two nations. Which turns out to be just one of many temporary ceasefires between them. Routinely done in the Suikoden series, through the Duel system. In Suikoden V, who the Crown Princess of Falena marries is determined by a tournament. Generally, the nobles don't fight themselves, sending champions or other representatives in their place. The current queen's husband, Ferid, shook things up by representing himself and winning; during the game's early Inevitable Tournament, Belcoot hopes to do the same. The first Heavy Gear video game has the player partake on a one-on-one fight against a single enemy Gear to settle a final standoff between two enemy landships, both immobilized and forced to either pound each other into submission with their guns or settle this "with honor." In the Romance of the Three Kingdoms video games by Koei, an officer in battle may attack by challenging an enemy officer to a duel. The winning officer usually captures the loser, with the loser's unit routing with their commander gone. Usually it's damn near impossible to get the computer to duel unless it believes it will obviously win or else has no chance to win in continued combat. Usually, declining to duel damages morale. Similar duels also take place in Dynasty Warriors, which is based on Romance of the Three Kingdoms, but annoyingly only at the computer's discretion. Players cannot initiate them. The computer is more willing to initiate them in this series, however. Declining still hurts player morale. Other Koei games feature this, like Celtic Tales: The Balor of Evil Eye and Uncharted Waters. In Baldur's Gate II: Throne of Bhaal, whilst merrily invading Sendai's Enclave, the player gets the option to face the captain of a Drow war-party in single combat. The catch: the Beholder enforcing the duel casts a Geas spell on both groups, so that whichever champion that fails causes their entire party to die instantly. The Beholder himself, who is on the side of the Drow, does not die, having had the good sense not to include himself in the spell. Then you chat with him for a while. He's really quite pleasant. In Fire Emblem: Radiant Dawn, the Begnion general Zelgius challenges Laguz Alliance general Skrimir to a duel. Skrimir's acceptance was stupid, because Not only were Zelgius' abilities superior, but Skrimir was ordered not to move until he was given a signal. His loss, destroys Soren's plan and forces the Laguz to do a full-scale retreat. And they were doing so well, too. The intro to Heroes Chronicles shows the barbarian leader Tarnum being killed in a duel with King Rion Gryphonheart, while their armies watch. Tarnum gets better. Essentially the plot of League of Legends. The league was formed as a formalized, five a side version of this trope to avoid another world destroying magic war. Many nations in the games world are joining so they can avoid losing a war against Noxus, only for Noxus to beat them in the league and take over anyway. The backstory of the fighting game Bio Freaks was that the combatants were champions of the Divided States of America Indie Turn based strategy title Solium Infernum has this as an option when you declare war. In Dragon Age, it's possible to settle the Landsmeet with a duel between Loghain and you or one of your party members. With a certain exception... Arl Eamon: "Ah, Warden... No. I'm afraid we can't leave the fate of all Ferelden up to your dog. Anyone with a leftover ham bone could buy his allegiance. Choose someone else." Earlier in the game, there's also a knight who demands a duel with the main character. If he dies his friends will accept the outcome and leave quietly. They will only attack if you break the rules and send your other party members to fight as well. The example in Dragon Age II would fit this, if not for the fact that to get to the Qunari leader you have to carve your way through his forces first through the entire city. Once you get to him, you may still have to fight a few more of his grunts to fully earn his respect. You then can either fight the Arishok and his guards (with your entire squad) or just you and the Arishok. Fittingly, after this fight, you are henceforth known as the Champion of Kirkwall. Supposedly, this was one use of Deathwatch in the backstory of MadWorld. Agent XIII wants to end Deathwatch because it's degenerated into a Blood Sport. In Sid Meiers Pirates, there are many swordfights, against captains of ships/armies. Regardless, once you beat the captain in a swordfight his entire crew/army surrenders. (Also inverted to a degree, at least in the most recent remake: If you're the last member of the crew standing, you'd better be capable of pulling off a flawless victory, or else you'll be forced to surrender the next time you get hit.) Played straight then subverted in the intro to Total War: Shogun 2, where the general of an army besieging a castle sends a champion to fight the champion of the defenders. The duel is played out beautifully, as both imagine they're fighting in a garden surrounded by cherry blossoms (they're really fighting in snow). The champion of the attacking side wins and walks back triumphantly, only to end up with a dozen arrows in his back. The infuriated general orders his forces to attack. It's revealed in the backstory to Star Wars: Knights of the Old Republic that the Mandalorian Wars ended shortly after Revan killed Mandalore the Ultimate in single combat. While normally this would result in a very short interregnum period, while they chose a new Mandalore, Revan took Mandalore's mask and hid it on a remote planet. Without this symbol of power, the Mandalorians couldn't choose a new leader, and the war quickly came to an end. The novel Star Wars: The Old Republic: Revan reveals where Revan hid the mask (it was in the tomb of the Sith Emperor's half-brother). Centurion Defender of Rome has fleet battles represented by the two flagships fighting. The trope is subverted, since winning the flagship battle can still cause the rest of your ships to be destroyed. In Spacetrawler, Emily realizes that her side is outgunned in a space dogfight. She contacts the leader of the opposing side, Kuu-drahc, and goads him into agreeing to call off the space battle so the two of them can fight, hand-to-hand, on the planet below. Redcloak and a master cleric have one of these in Order of the Stick, as Redcloak's armies are overrunning Azure City. Redcloak explicitly takes the offer for no other reason than to prevent his troops from being needlessly slaughtered (as he is currently winning the battle), and subverts protocol by killing all the human bystanders afterwards anyway. Granted, knowing the Azurites, they probably would have done the same thing to his goblin troops as well. Web Original In The Gamers Alliance, Captain Ismail of the Black Guard and Dreadlord Leraje of the Northern Horde fight a duel to the death to determine the fate of the city of Vanna: if Ismail wins, the demons will retreat. However, the horde has no intentions of keeping the bargan so no matter which way the duel ends, they will invade Vanna. The heroes suspect as much so they use the duel as a means to distract and stall the demons long enough to free the demons' captives and hopefully catch the horde by surprise and perhaps assassinate a few of the demon commanders while they're at it. In one episode of Transformers Generation 1, Megatron proposes an honor duel between himself and Optimus Prime, with both sides to be bound by the results. Megs proceeds to cheat; hands up all who are surprised by this shocking twist. Samurai Jack had Jack in a battle with Aku to settle things once and for all, but Jack couldn't use his sword and Aku had to be human and not use his powers. Aku cheated right from the start. Too bad that Jack expected it... In Ben 10 Alien Force, this isn't just a battle of honor, it's intergalactic law when it comes to invading armies that their two strongest warriors can fight to decide the winner, which Vilgax uses to conquer 10 worlds. The 1380 CE Battle of Kulikovo Pol'e ("the field of snipes") was opened by the Russian and Mongol armies each putting forth a champion before the battle, probably in hopes of inspiring the winner's side. The Mongols sent Temir-murza, while the Russians sent the Warrior Monk Alexander Peresvet. Both champions died in the fight, and the battle proper took place thereafter. In the 624 CE Battle of al-Badr, the Muslim and Meccan armies each sent out three champions before the battle. The battle was still fought, after two Muslim victories and one Mutual Kill, but the result demoralized the Meccan army. Notably averted between Romans Octavian Caesar and Mark Antony. After Octavian's navy defeated Antony's at Actium, Antony holed up in the palace at Alexandria. He sent a messenger out to Octavian, challenging him to single combat to resolve the matter. Octavian was an excellent general, but no match for Mark Antony physically, so he had no reason to accept. The trope was common for a Roman soldier, at least early in the Republic's history. The Horatii vs the Curiatii (3 on 3), and the original Torquatus and Corvus/Corvinus were famous examples. And there was the idea of the spolia opima or Spoils of Honour, an enemy commander's armour taken from him in single combat by a Roman commander. Romulus was one of only three or four to ever take them. Bertolt Brecht wrote a play, Die Horatier und die Curiatier based on the Roman story (or myth), although here the three champions on each side represent three armies, in the way a general would represent his troops as well in Peking Opera. There was one in 1351 during the Breton War of Succession, The Combat of the Thirty. Actually didn't have any effect on the outcome of the war, but, hey, Rule Of Panache! One notable subversion was during the War of the Sicilian Vespers when one monarch challenged another and was refused. No one expected it to be accepted and it was really a propaganda move. What sometimes happened in several wars was that aristocrats from either side would challenge each other, not to decide the battle, but simply because they were bored! As one of the most unspoken but most present hardship of war is simply tedium(and the nervousness and physical discomfort that goes with it)one can see why a trained warrior might actually prefer fighting. In the War of 1812 the HMS Shannon challenged the USS Chesapeake to a Cool Versus Awesome Combat by Champion. The Shannon won in a contest that was short but within it's time one of the bloodiest and toughest engagements of the age of Wooden Ships and Iron Men. Saddam Hussein challenged George W. Bush to this. In 545 BC The Spartans and their arch rivals the Argives both send exactly 300 of their best men for a battle. The battle ended with two surviving Argives and only one remaining Spartan. The Argives considered themselves victors because they had more men left alive while the Spartans felt they had won because their man had stayed put while the two Argives had run off to tell about their victory. Since neither side was willing to concede defeat a conventional battle was needed to settle matters which the Spartans won. The Catechism of the Catholic Church orders the excommunication of anyone willingly involved in a duel UNLESS it falls under this trope. Largely subverted by the Mongols. The Mongols were the most highly organized and disciplined warriors for their time. During the Mongol invasions of Europe and Japan (both highly devoted to individual combat), the other side would oftentimes send out champions, as per custom. The Mongols would usually greet them with a shower of armor-piercing arrows. As the Japanese poem Hachiman Gudōkun states: “ According to our manner of fighting we must first call out by name someone from the enemy ranks, and then attack in single combat. But the Mongols took no notice at all of such conventions. They rushed forward all together in a mass, grappling with any individuals they could catch and killing them." Markus Persson, creator of Minecraft, combined this with Trial by Combat when he proposed to settle a copyright dispute between his own company Mojang and rival company Bethesda... by means of a Quake match between each company's three best players. Alas, Bethesda rejected. At the battle of Vouille in 507 AD, Clovis, King of the Franks, (aka Chlodovech) faced Alaric II, the young King of the Visigoths. In dispute was an area on what is now the French side of the Pyrenees. Clovis had superior forces and could have crushed the Visigoth (but lost a lot of men, and battles are never actually certain) but instead, he offered single combat to Alaric, who took it. Clovis won. Retrieved from "https://allthetropes.fandom.com/wiki/Combat_by_Champion?oldid=70112" Dueling Tropes Combat Tropes	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line831
__label__wiki	0.695803	0.695803	Some guy in the Clinton campaign leaned on the owner of a significant comedy club for putting up a 3-minute montage of comedians joking about Hillary Clinton. The website Judicial Watch tells us. The club is Laugh Factory (where Seinfeld, Jim Carrey, and many others have performed). The owner is Jamie Masada, who's run the place for decades. He says: "They threatened me. I have received complains before but never a call like this, threatening to put me out of business if I don’t cut the video." The campaign person isn't identified, but is called "prominent," and a masculine pronoun is used (so it's not Huma Abedin). What was the threat? The unnamed person also "said the video was disgusting and asked who put me up to this," and wanted to know the names and numbers of the comedians. How could the campaign put him out of business? By what method, exactly? I'd like to know. What could the campaign do? Was violence suggested? Was there some notion of getting law enforcement after him somehow? Or was it more like a threat to use speech against him or to persuade comics not to perform there? I'd like to know. If it's only a threat of more speech, that's part of the free-speech regime we know and (some of us) love. Within that regime, Masada is taking his remedy, talking to Judicial Watch and getting this story out. It hurts. The video clip is titled "Hillary vs. The First Amendment." Whether anything here is a First Amendment violation or not, it's fine to cite the amendment in what is now a criticism of the campaign for being repressive toward the freedom of speech. Now, let's watch the video: We see 4 comedians: 1. Dom Irrera says: "That woman should be President of the United States, because she knows what it's like to like men and love women." 2. Tiffany Haddish says "I would love if you become President, then you divorce Bill and you marry a bitch. Oh, shit! That would fuck the world up!" Haddish also likes the way Hillary didn't "trip off Bill and Monica Lewinsky," theorizing that Hillary was "hitting that too on the side," that if Bill liked "fat bitches," she'd get herself a "skinny bitch." 3. Greg Fitzsimmons says sarcastically that there's "nothing like" the "skirt suits" Hillary wears to say "I'm all woman." (He says "skirt suits" twice, but I've never seen Hillary in a skirt suit. I guess it's his attempt to say "pant suits.") "Who wore it better," he asks, "Caitlin Jenner or Hillary Clinton?" And he jokes that we don't have to worry about her getting her period, because she's 69 years old and "hasn't had a period since the 20th century." 4. Brian Holtzman refers to Hillary's mother's ethnicity — English, Welsh, French, etc. — and says that to get all that in one person, "You'd have to work in a whorehouse for quite some time." So, it's very low humor, mostly based on the idea that Hillary isn't a real woman. She's a lesbian, she's unfeminine, she's unchaste, she's old. I can see someone in the campaign thinking it shouldn't be that difficult to persuade Masada that this kind of material is too low to belong on the internet representing Laugh Factory, that storied institution. But Masada took it in a different direction, and the Hillary campaign is getting lambasted for "threatening" Masada. I'd like to hear from the campaign. What was said in that phone call? Does it deserve to be called a threat? Posted by Ann Althouse at 11:51 AM Tags: aging, censorship, comedy, feminism, free speech, homosexuality, Jenner, law, menstruation, Monica Lewinsky, threats, Tiffany Haddish It is lowgrade humor, not too clever, not too funny. But, it's about .001% of what comedians regularly have said about other politicians in power (Nixon, Reagan, Bush), so it's fair game. It also shows that Hillary's team is extremely thin-skinned and humorless and will take steps to shut down speech with which they disagree (a modern Leftist trait). Barry Dauphin said... Maybe Hillary can go to the club and and say, "Sock it to me? Nixonian! Known Unknown said... "How could the campaign put him out of business? By what method, exactly? I'd like to know. " Not hard to imagine. A few phone calls to local bureaucrats (it's LA, so they're all dems). An inspection of said club. Violations. Whoops. Have to shut you down for awhile. Loss of business for a period of time. "If it's only a threat of more speech, that's part of the free-speech regime we know and (some of us) love. " I don't understand what this means. So Hillary's campaign will post their own videos, refuting The Laugh Factory bits? Publish an op-ed? Seems stupid and trivial for a Presidential campaign. Then again, so does making the call in the first place. Derp said... Once, when I was in England, I saw a documentary on Hillary, I think on ITV, and the Louise actress from Harry and Louise was interviewed, sh mentioned that she was pressured to make an ad for "HillaryCare." The actress said that Hillary told her that she had friends in Hollywood, and she could be very good for her career or very bad for her career, her choice. She made the comment that she thought that this was the kind of thing Republicans were supposed to do, not Democrats. So you tell me, does that sound like an empty threat to you? Hillary has some totalitarian tendencies that for all the Hitler comparisons, Bush lacked, to his credit. Why doesn't she copyright her image, the way Hitler did? "Why doesn't she copyright her image, the way Hitler did?" Did Hitler get any royalties from Bugs Bunny cartoons? SomeoneHasToSayIt said... Why is Hillary not already in jail for past offenses? How embarrassing to be a Democrat. Give em a break. They are at least trying to make a totally unfunny half man/half woman and all money grubbing bitter old failure look funny enough to be a subject of comedy rather than tragedy. I was just watching a Netflix documentary, and his step sister had won a case just before she died that validated Hitler's will in Germany. Part of his estate is that copyright on his image. Nobody has come forth to claim it, but I think it is theoretically possible that some heir could show up and claim royalties if they are shown in Germany. Why make a personal phone call to someone you don't personally know? Consider the source and how that person/organization treats those who disagree. If Hilary & the DNC are the Queen Bee of the middle school cafeteria in your social circle, their opinion carries weight. Public shunning of views/entertainment you disagree with isn't a threat. But this was private. Private conversations are for those you personally know & care for. Drago said... If a continuously inebriated and confused Hillary cant handle a few jokes how can she stay focused enough to give Putin evenmore victories than Putins boyfriend obambi? Robert Pearson said... Streisand. Effect. The call rings true to me. Clinton style. When she's President, expect a lot more like it. We really need her as President to get the Collapse over with as quickly as possible instead of drawing it out even more painfully. A few phone calls to local bureaucrats Or a few phone calls to Hollywood A-listers to promote a boycott. Blacklists are only bad when they target communists. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protests_against_Proposition_8_supporters#Boycotts Do you think Hillary could keep a young comic off of Colbert's show? I am pretty sure you know the answer to that. Yeah - I'm sure the campaign would be honest about what they said. Bill Maher may have the stones to have them on though. Unattorney said... This is Hollywood. The Laugh factory is toast. How embarrassing to be a Democrat If defending a rapist didn't embarrass them, what will? Probably the Koch Brothers pretending to be from Hillary's campaign. They are so evil. How could the campaign put him out of business? It's the government and she is closely tied to it. It wouldn't even be difficult for them to do so. Regulations are exceptionally easy to manipulate. What could the campaign do? Was violence suggested? Was there some notion of getting law enforcement after him somehow? Or was it more like a threat to use speech against him or to persuade comics not to perform there? It's the Laugh Factory. You're not going to persuade comics to not perform there. It's like expecting to persuade a struggling actor/actress to turn down a starring role in a major movie. Remember, Citizens United was a case based on an attempt to ban a movie about Hillary. I'd also say that the owner has received plenty of threats in the past. This was serious enough to concern him. "The future shall not belong to those who would slander Hillary!" Isn't she the one who promised the mourning relatives of the dead at Benghazi, right beside their coffins at Dover, to put a filmmaker in jail? She has some serious "American values" that one. Or is it "un American" to make fun of people who want to be our leaders? Plus she has the IRS, they are probably already on it. Static Ping said... Yes, it is very low humor, but very low humor is an ancient thing. My main problem with the humor is other than Greg Fitzsimmons most of it is dull and not especially well delivered. Greg's line about her period is actually pretty funny and a very good point. Of course, the problem is Hillary is not a nice person in general and apparently has not been a nice person for a long time, if ever; it does not need to be her time of the month to be a problem. I am hoping most fervently that your inquiry as to how the campaign could shut down the comedy club was either rhetorical or a request for options, perhaps humorous ones, to see which seems the most likely option. If you are incredulous that they are capable of doing such a thing if so desired, I dare say that your naivete is showing. I never would have seen or even heard of this video if a Hillary operative hadn't tried to get it taken down. Her campaign must be pretty inept concerning the Internet if they have never heard of the Streisand effect. Oh, and the comedy is awful. So the wife of an ex-president, former Senator and Secretary of State, and presumptive nominee for President calls you up and tells you that she is going to put you out of business if you don't do what she says and you think it's "only a threat of more speech, that's part of the free-speech regime we know and (some of us) love." So if she said to your gay son "stop sucking dicks or taking cocks up the ass or you won't have a job"....you loving that Althouse? "Unattorney said... This is Hollywood. The Laugh factory is toast" You can only speak ill of the non- elites, like Palin. Birches said... How thin skinned do you have to be to threaten a business over that? Hillary! is our real life Monty Burns. I guess making private phone calls from a person with huge power and powerful friends in teh callee's industry to a person with little power and a precarious career counts as "speech" if you are Althouse. I think we need to propose a hypothetical for Althouse. If she were to receive a threatening personal call from someone in the Hillary campaign complaining about the fact that she hosts a blog where an extreme amount of nastiness is regularly heaped upon HRC, does she feel that she's sufficiently insulated from the anger of the soon to be thin skinned first woman president that she can disregard said phone call? MaxedOutMama said... Well, you know, I think you just insulted lesbians there. They're real women. The comedian who wanted Hillary to win, divorce Bill and marry her girlfriend was not being nasty or deriding Hillary, either as a woman or a politician. She was being rather nasty to Bill Clinton, I suppose. Isn't this sort of standard political humor in the US? Brando said... Clinton's campaign is not just heavy handed but absolutely inept. Obviously it can lean on people (how do you think they got so many donations? People actually believe in Hillary? ha ha ha) because they know in the influence peddling scheme a few well-connected phone calls could make a health inspection take longer or go the wrong way, or a local tax audit might find things it shouldn't. I'm not surprised at all that they'd try this. But the inept part is why? So some tasteless jokes are posted--as if there's not plenty about every other politician! And the more cruel and tasteless (jokes about her age or sexuality) only make her look like a victim, which is what works for her. They'd be best off simply publicly decrying the jokes as beyond the pale, and leaving it at that with no threats--then the public sees Hillary just as a victim. This just makes them look brittle and weak, and now if they did try and lean on this guy it'll just feed the rumor mill (and hell, even if he did get an unrelated audit, wouldn't that look politically motivated?). What on earth sort of clunky tactic is this? Keep in mind that this is likely how her administration would be run. We've had plenty of warning. Hillary, speaking power to truth her whole career. pst314 said... "How could the campaign put him out of business? By what method, exactly? I'd like to know." Once Hillary has the names of these "enemies", she can set the government dogs on them: Investigate and prosecute them for technical violations of the numerous, onerous and confusing laws that are on the books. She can also use government and private investigators to dig up dirt to embarrass them and harm their careers and personal lives. Really, Ann, you are smart enough to know this. Your feigned puzzlement is unbecoming. She has tenure, she can't be forced out. Business owners are susceptible to public pressure in ways others are not. Dan Hossley said... If the campaign doesn't respond to your requests, just ask Lanny Davis. I'm sure he's made his fair share of those phone calls over the years. "Who put you up to this?" These are people who simply do not accept that human freedom is a thing. It must have been the Koch Bros, or Karl Rove, or Murdoch, or Goldstein! "I can see someone in the campaign thinking it shouldn't be that difficult to persuade Masada that this kind of material is too low to belong on the internet representing Laugh Factory, that storied institution. But Masada took it in a different direction" Actually, I can't see someone in the Hilary! campaign thinking that. What I can see them thinking is that defamation of the Queen must not stand, and that a little strong-arming will do the trick. Masada didn't take it in a "different direction." Unlike you, he knew what was up, and took it exactly as intended -- but not lying down. Sometimes your lawproffy "we can look at it this way, we can look at it that way" shtick really amounts to a cynical evasion of the obvious power play in question. And the period thing was aimed against TRUMP! That certainly was not a slur against Hillary. The pantsuits/Caitlyn thing was okay, but not nasty humor at all. Maybe somebody from Bill's side called - that's the only quarter where real offense was presented. Or maybe it was a false flag op? Rick "She [Althouse] has tenure, she can't be forced out." Don't be so sure of that: In our Brave New World, in which liberals reinterpret the law to suit their politics, dissent is now a crime. Apparently, a representative for the Clinton camp "went nuts." Just a preview of life under the Hillary Administration. She needs her own private server just to store all the names on her enemies list. I can see someone in the campaign thinking it shouldn't be that difficult to persuade Masada that this kind of material is too low to belong on the internet representing Laugh Factory, that storied institution. Familiar with a lot of modern comedy, are you? Roger Sweeny said... I never would have seen or even heard of this video if a Hillary operative hadn't tried to get it taken down. Her campaign must be pretty inept concerning the Internet if they have never heard of the Streisand effect. Oh, and the comedy is awful. Which is why this getting publicized may actually do them good. Hillary is a powerful and rather nasty person. She was willing to throw overboard her feminist principles when it was necessary to save a powerful man and her political career. But these comics make her look put upon for being a woman. Lots of ordinary people will see this and feel sympathy for her. And the ideological will have one more reason to forgive her past unsavory behavior (and to vote for, or work for, or give money to her). You can love the Clintons, or hate the Clintons. What is not allowed is ridiculing the Clintons. Yeah, I'm hardly seeing how a threat to close someone down--which is credible when you're talking about someone with incredible power and influence, and who is a good shot for president next year--is just "speech". Unless Althouse is suggesting the conversation wasn't a threat at all, but just a request along the lines of "hey, those videos are in poor taste--it'd be nice if you took them down". Although even then there could be an implied threat considering who it's coming from. Again, the campaign is inept if they allow this sort of thing. It makes them look far worse than any video could have. Love how Althouse pretends to have no clue about all the SJW swarms over the last couple of years, the people hounded out of jobs and reputation by mobs of Internet warriors. And that's BEFORE you factor in Government power. This schtick is getting old, pretending every article, every post exists in a magical vacuum where all theoretical "laws" on paper and "rights" actually exist as universal forces rather than only existing when people defend and push back. Words on paper don't jump up and enforce themselves. Obama seems to understand that, why not Ann? "Which is why this getting publicized may actually do them good. Hillary is a powerful and rather nasty person. She was willing to throw overboard her feminist principles when it was necessary to save a powerful man and her political career. But these comics make her look put upon for being a woman. Lots of ordinary people will see this and feel sympathy for her. And the ideological will have one more reason to forgive her past unsavory behavior (and to vote for, or work for, or give money to her)." But in that case, the preferred strategy (if I was one of her paid toadies) would be not to call the owner of the club but rather to make a public statement that those videos are hurtful and call upon her critics to stick to the issues, blah blah blah. Then, people see the videos, think "yeah those are pretty dumb" or even "poor Hillary, look at the crap she has to endure" but there's none of this heavy handed shutting down talk. Inept and power-hungry. Just what we need leading this country. Calling Bull Shit on this. Don't believe it happened, at least as reported. Might some recently graduated,over caffeinated, unpaid intern in the local campaign office called? Sure. But someone actually in a leadership position in her direct supervision? Nah. "Or was it more like a threat to use speech against him or to persuade comics not to perform there?" After Hillary's notorious and post-Benghazi promise to find and punish the maker of that video, the only reasonable assumption is that her intentions are the worst. "But someone actually in a leadership position in her direct supervision? Nah." LOL. I find it imminently plausible. Remember, the Bill Clinton campaign sent people around to threaten women who might mention that they had slept with Bill. Remember Sally Perdue? "She [Perdue] also stated that she had been asked not to reveal the affair by a former Democratic party staffer in 1992 who told her that "they knew that I went jogging by myself and he couldn't guarantee what would happen to my pretty little legs"." It's the Clintons! Threatening people is how they roll. @David Carlson "Reject first, ask rhetorical questions later!" It's the liberal way! The "Who put you up to this?" question has the ring of authenticity to me. But I am sure that Hillary would never stoop so low as to threaten an entertainer, even though she has done it in the past. Or are they all liars? I rather suspect recent events at Yale, Mizzou, and Claremont McKenna College have reinforced the desire for strong tenure among leftists. When liberals created these student weapons they intended them to be used only against those to their political right. But the problem with self-directing weapons is that you don't get to choose their targets. Now that the liberals are seeing these weapons in action against fellow liberals enough will be willing to suffer a few Althouses in exchange for their own protection. The first priority of a bureaucracy is to protect itself. John Christopher said... It was just so painfully not funny I wanted to hide under my chair from embarrassment. "Might some recently graduated,over caffeinated, unpaid intern in the local campaign office called? Sure. But someone actually in a leadership position in her direct supervision? Nah." If some low-level staffer got too big for his britches and made this call on his own without the higher ups knowing about it, it suggests two things--first, that the campaign is unable to supervise its staff enough to keep them from throwing the campaign's weight around (in which case let's see if the campaign fires anyone over this) and second, that the campaign has enabled a culture of doing this sort of thing. It's not surprising for this to come out of her organization--they are notoriously "ends justify all means" and "fight to the death" about every little thing. This is what is expected in that group. Clearly we need a Federal Comedy Commission to augment the Federal Elections Commission. Actually, "Reject first! Ask rhetorical questions later!" characterizes Ann's response pretty well. These kinds of defense mechanisms are important to maintain the desired level of smug. "Lois Lerner, please pick up the white courtesy phone" Gabriel said... When someone who can have her friends in the Justice Department have you charged for violating campaign laws, tie you up in discovery and endless litigation, whether or not you are guilty of anything (which may take years and hundreds of thousands of dollars even to establish); when that person says "I don't like what you are saying and I want you to stop saying it", it is a threat. It's not just "more speech." I agree with Gabriel; when there's that much of a power disparity, you don't need to out right threaten someone. Nice little comedy club you've got here, and all that. Or was it more like a threat to use speech against him or to persuade comics not to perform there? If it was this it was a threat and it was a threat that deserves to be called a threat. IDK, the second lady was pretty funny, actually they were all somewhat funny. But I guess you speak for everybody. Degustabus is decided by Hillary fans, I guess. By the description, I was expecting to see some far less professional work. They are comics, doing comedy. It seemed like pretty standard Laugh Factory fare. GRW3 said... This is not like when Bush remained silent while pilloried by the MSM and Entertainment Elite. Here, Mrs. Sensitive's team took an outfit whose video would have been seen by the statistical equivalent of nobody and got it put on Drudge. Nice work. David Carlson: "Calling Bull Shit on this. Don't believe it happened, at least as reported. Might some recently graduated,over caffeinated, unpaid intern in the local campaign office called? Sure. But someone actually in a leadership position in her direct supervision? Nah" Quick question for David: How did Craig Livingstone come into possession of a thousand raw FBI background files on republicans when no one could even "remember" who hired him, what his job was, how he gained access...etc etc. Let me guess: Livingstone was simply an over caffeinated, unpaid intern in the Clinton White House. Gee, there sure do seem to be lots and lots of unpaid interns swilling down gallons of coffee who, gosh darn it, just keep doing "crazy kid stuff" around the Clintons. David turns the Clintons into "victims" of "over-zealous" and injudicious staffers. Perfect. Those poor Clintons. Can they ever catch a break? @derp than give me a name who is this most very "impotent" person who did it? Until then its not any different than the Rubio "yacht" story - Big lead, but show the picture and it's just a freaking fishing boat. Standard repub response - freaking Pavlov dogs anytime someone rings the Clinton bell. Get stupid over this, then it's easy to dismiss real things Apparently David Carlson doesn't know how Citizen's United came to be. GRW3: "This is not like when Bush remained silent while pilloried by the MSM and Entertainment Elite. Here, Mrs. Sensitive's team took an outfit whose video would have been seen by the statistical equivalent of nobody and got it put on Drudge" Well, they are already quite hard at work on that whole "Drudge" thing. Quite hard at work indeed. And when that particular "it could never happen" action occurs, there will be boatloads of little garage mahal's with red-jacketed "Hillary!" books prowling everywhere for any signs of dissent. @Althouse, are you really that obtuse, or are you just in a contrarian mood this morning? I agree with what EMD wrote at 12:01. As a club owner I'd be very worried about that possibility. I agree with what damikesc wrote at 12:20 and especially his comment at 12:21. I'd like to thank Kevin for reminding us about Sally Perdue. So, Professor, I think your question about exactly how the Hillary Clinton campaign could put Masada out of business has been well-answered. And especially I think Gabriel squashes your rhetorical question about "more speech." And, Professor, exhelodrvr1 is quite right. If the campaign did issue some official statement, the chances it would be within light years of the truth are within epsilon of zero. BTW, I thought one Fitzsimmons' female colleagues needs to explain the difference between skirt suits and pants suits. You are the one who said it wasn't true. Upthread I gave the example of the Harry and Louise actress, a Democrat, who maintains that Hillary threatened her, that Hillary told her that she had "friends" in Hollywood who could be very good for her career or very bad for it. But I know, as is always the case with the Clintons, all of the accusers are liars! I think you are projecting the Pavlov's dog thing, BTW. Bilwick said... I find this piece of satire funnier and pithier: https://lexingtonlibertarian.files.wordpress.com/2015/08/hillary-6.jpg Hillary-Bernie in 2016! Cloward-Piven in 2020! @drago right on cue - ring ring, ring ring just a name the person. So hard? And he doesn't want to know, either! Because Repub Knee Jerk! Hillary: The Movie is a 2008 political documentary about United States Senator and presidential candidate Hillary Clinton. It was produced by Citizens United. The film was scheduled to be offered as video-on-demand on cable TV right before the Democratic primaries in January 2008, but the federal government blocked it.[1] The blocking of the film's airing was the subject of the court case Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission. - Wikipedia feel free to obfuscate this post is about threats to a comedy club Give me a name. Until then, you have been played "Give me a name. Until then, you have been played." By whom? bunch of freaking chipmunks look at this! No, here! - Wait, over here! This is about a threat to a Comedy Club Focus people Best odds are really just a way of publicity of the club Next up is some intern Way Way down on the probability list, someone doing H's bidding That's the standard of proof? I guess that's par for the Clinton machine. Like Juanita Broaddrick. She wouldn't come forward to accuse Clinton, and in fact didn't until she was put in the position that lying to an investigator could mean jail time. At that time she changed her story and admitted that she had been raped. But Clinton's people used her earlier reluctance to expose herself to the full fury of the Clinton machine as proof she was never raped. It's a well worn path. Somebody has been played here. I think it's @David Carlson. It fits a pattern. David Carlson: "@drago just a name the person. So hard?" With the Clintons, yes, it's often quite hard getting any basic information. David Carlson: "Way Way down on the probability list, someone doing H's bidding" Whoa there sparky! How is it you are willing to even entertain the possibility that it's someone doing "H's" bidding? Given your previous comments, your position should be that this did not happen until "facts" show otherwise. We still don't know who left the Rose Law Firm billing records (under subpoena for years) in the private White House quarters. So, per the David Carlson "rule", it never actually happened. And anyone who says it did is simply "chip-munking" along. Btw, I like "chip-munking" as a term. Still needs a bit of work though. I can't imagine the sheer amount of rage, resentment and anger that Hillary has built up towards "her enemies" over the years. It's not just Republicans - don't think for a single moment that Hillary has forgotten all the Democrats who abandoned her for Obama in 2008. The number #1 priority of a Hillary Administration is going to be score-settling. You think Obama politicized the IRS and other Federal agencies? You haven't seen anything yet - weaponizing Federal agencies to be in service to the Clintons will be absolutely unprecedented. Imagine midnight "John Doe" raids conducted all across the country by Federal agents - that is going to be the template for the Hillary Administration. Well he has successfully taken the thread off track with an absurd demand. You have to give him that. If a GOP 'operative' as the press likes to call it, had made the call, would Althouse be parsing it to the nth degree? I thought Haddish was pretty funny, and cute. All pretty standard comedy stuff. Most comedy stuff, by the way, is not great; they're not all Seinfeld or Louis or Rock or Leno. Is the threat claim true? Who knows, but with the Clintons ... what is NOT possible? in the other hand, it could be an insidiously devilish dirty trick to smear Hillary. A GOP insider pretending to be a Hillary strongman? Brian McKim and/or Traci Skene said... When a dispute about free speech or thievery or "offense" involves comedians-- and hinges on a particular joke-- we have always advised the comedian to refrain from actually re-telling the joke when framing the issue. In print, in person, anywhere, any time. Comedy is subjective. People who disagree that the joke is funny will focus on the joke and not on the larger issue. The joke is not the issue. The issue is the issue. Jokes are protected speech. And, just because you don't "think the joke is funny," that doesn't deprive the joke (and the teller) of certain protections. In this case, we have a video. So folks find it awful hard to resist the temptation to first pass judgment on the relative funniness of the bits before rendering an opinion on any trampling of an artist's rights. I resisted watching the video as long as I could when formulating an opinion about this incident. I am appalled by the implications of the story. Masada is noted for an uncanny (and shameless) ability to game the media. He is good at it. He is also a very intelligent businessman. I find it hard to believe that he would fabricate this. And I am sorely disappointed in anyone who would immediately assume that. By the Hillary's people figure out what happened the damage would have been done. Sort of like Clock kid. It wasn't until the school had been smeared good, that it was discovered what a fraud the kid was. But by then the damage was done. Also, let's not forget that the 2nd Comedian on the video -- Tiffany Haddish -- is an African-American Woman. Given the historical barriers to the comedic profession for women and minorities, and given the continuing lasting vestiges of such discrimination, it is clear that the Clinton campaign's effort to wreck Ms. Haddish's professional career is both racist, in purpose and effect, and anti-woman. Black Comedian Lives Matter, Ms. Clinton. "A GOP insider pretending to be a Hillary strongman?" -- Then why didn't the club give out the name? The club has the name. They called him prominent. They know, they're not talking. The one person with the information who could tell us has chosen to protect them. Bryan C said... "If it's only a threat of more speech, that's part of the free-speech regime we know and (some of us) love." Yeah. The very idea that Hillary Clinton would target someone over an offensive online video is obviously just crazy. How could anyone possibly even imagine such a thing could happen? Even if it weren't Hillary, Presidential candidates and their proxies don't get a free pass on using speech to make personal attacks against private individuals who've offended them in some way. Though, yes, they do have a right to disqualify themselves by doing it. "Or maybe it was a false flag op?" -- Then the Laugh Factory should give us the name they are with holding so we can prove that. Masada is convinced he talked to the Clinton campaign, unless you're willing to call him gullible or a liar, there is no reason to think a Republican did it. "Might some recently graduated,over caffeinated, unpaid intern in the local campaign office called?" -- Masada called him prominent, not Judicial Watch. Why do you think the Factory is lying? MayBee said... There is zero evidence that the owner is a Republican. Odds are strong that he is not. The Laugh Factory doesn't NEED publicity. It's the most well-known comedy club in the country and has been for a long time. This isn't a small little club here. No comments from the campaign about a firing. Stop entertaining the people suggesting a false flag operation unless they're willing to call the owner a liar or gullible. It is HIS testimony we're relying on for it being a Clinton operative. Why shouldn't he be trusted? That's what they have to show if they want to pursue that line of reasoning. On the plus side, it seems that at long last, whoever wins, comedians will have a president who is mockable. Our current president is so lofty and worthy that nothing about him deserves anything but reverence and praise........One of the perks of being a possible president is that an utterance is as good as a threat......This is a one day story. If Trump's campaign had done such a thing, it would be Cristallnacht. There would be deep think pieces about how the incident revealed the dark pathology of Trump's character and comedians would redouble their efforts to make jokes at his expense......I think if Suge Knight had simply told the Comedy Club owner that he didn't want any jokes made at his, Suge's, expense, then all such jokes would cease. This is kind of a hopeful sign. Hillary has less power than Suge Knight. The jokes seemed a bit blah. Is no one telling funny jokes about Hillary? Is it because there's just nothing funny to say about her or because comedians who come up with funny jokes about her decide not to tell them because they're worried about offending Dems/Hillary supporters? mccullough said... Either Hillary or some of her people are thin skinned. Sounds like her campaign wants a Safe Space. Go back to Wellesley. Todd said... OK, you want a funny Hillary joke? How about this... So this lesbian walks into a bar and says to the guy sitting next to her, "Hey, that woman on TV sure is cute." The guy says, "Who, Hillary?" "No, that other woman. The one Hillary tried to destroy because she had the misfortune of getting raped by her husband, Bill." What? You don't think that was funny? Hillary thought it was a riot! The first rule of jokes is that all good humor should have a grain of truth in it. Sorry if you did not think that joke was very funny. We can't all be Laslo... "On the plus side, it seems that at long last, whoever wins, comedians will have a president who is mockable." Really? The Left seems pretty determined to make any mocking of Hillary into an attack on All Women (TM). And some of the bigger organs of leftist comedy (e.g., SNL) can't seem to make actual Hillary jokes. Amy Poehler for years did a Hillary as though she was tired of being the smartest person in the room (an interesting bit of fantasy) and McKinnon's Hillary, while it often touches on this woman's woodenness and strangeness, doesn't land nearly the punches they've been taking at other candidates (including Sanders--so more than a "Dem thing" it appears to be personal to Hillary). It'll be nice when a Republican wins someday because they we will get back to seeing lefty comedians doing some "truth to power" satire and ribbing, which has been largely absent lately. furious_a said... It isn't hard to imagine, given the Clinton Foundation's incestuously tangled tentacles of influence peddling, hiatus hiring, and enforcement agency connections that a surprise IRS audit, DOL interrogatory or OSHA inspection couldn't be arranged. Just the sort of dime-store thuggery one expects from the lese majeste cults-of-personality enveloping the Clintons and Obamas. Remember, Citizens United was all about an unflattering film portrayal of Her Royal Haggardness. Yes, pretty scary getting a threatening personal phone call from someone with that kind of weight (think "Kathleen Willey and Strobe Talbott's brother-in-law). Yes, if one's in the Comedy biz and makes fun of powerful people, one should expect threatening phone calls. My advice, go South Park on them, double-down and keep the comedy coming...Cartman as the villain, Butters as his at-wits-end assistant, Kyle as the merry prankster. Laughter is the best bully repellant. Helps if the stand-up is funny. How about: 1>A re-enactment of Hillary's serpentine run at Tuzla airport 2>her first day in Marine boot camp trying to climb the rope or scale the wall 3>an episode of "Orange is the New Black" with Hillary as Cell Block D's boss butch 4>Hillary trying to install Windows 10 on her laptop or use a navigation app on her phone while her staff prints out her emails so she can read them... ...now THAT'S comedy. The second one was funny. I think it would be great if Hillary had to be elected, if she threw out the rapist and brought her girlfriend in as First Lady. What is not funny about that? I guess it's not funny if you are being loyal to Hillary, otherwise it is pretty funny. Want a joke about W? How does W know that Laura is having her period? Cheney's dick tastes funny. I like W but I can laugh at that one. Liberals have no sense of humor. Real American said... If Clinton thinks she's gonna get the same kid glove treatment from Comedians that Obama got, she's fooling herself. Wait, though. Althouse loves Titus and his poop and tits "humor". That's the lowest. Ari Fleisher, President Bush's spokesman, said "all Americans need to watch what they say, watch what they do" and the Media & Left lost their damn minds. The Bush Admin is threatening Americans, they're suppressing speech, they're chilling free expression. Slate referred to Fleisher's "Reign of Terror" for god's sake. Bush & Fleisher never threatened anyone with anything, but the Left insisted that this was dangerous rhetoric and must be denounced. For the Clinton campaign, though, it's What could the campaign do? Was violence suggested? Was there some notion of getting law enforcement after him somehow? Never mind Mrs. Clinton's vast network of powerful, influential contacts within government and in the business community, never mind the Left's penchant for using the government power to oppose their political opponents (IRS, John Doe investigations, et al), never mind that Mrs. Clinton cast herself as instrumental in "getting" the "Innocence of Muslims" filmmaker--ensuring that he was locked up (for violations of his parole, but really to punish him for his supposedly-harmful expression)--no, based on the Professor's post I take it her attitude is that Mrs. Clinton's campaign is owed the benefit of the doubt here. Unless there was a specific threat you can document, it's all just free speech. Can we put to rest the Left's insistence that power differentials mean otherwise OK interactions aren't Ok anymore? I mean, they used to talk shit about how a subordinate woman couldn't really consent to a powerful man's advances (due to the power dynamic) but that went out the window when Pres. Clinton used his intern as a humidor. I guess now we can drop this junk about how some people deserve safe spaces and separate sheltered realms due to their relative lack of power--if the Clinton campaign (with all their implied power) leaning on a private business is just another example of free speech then I'm not sure how the Left's objections to, say, Citizen's United make any sense at all. Hey, if it's "just speech" when the Clinton campaign tells a comedy club owner "nice place you have there, it'd be a shame if you had any problems" then it's "just speech" when some billion dollar company decides to buy some ads, or send their workers some pamphlets on the candidates, or something, right? It's all just speech, fight it with more speech. Let's fight! McKinnon's Hillary, while it often touches on this woman's woodenness and strangeness, doesn't land nearly the punches they've been taking at other candidates (including Sanders--so more than a "Dem thing" it appears to be personal to Hillary). It's not personal to Hillary, it's ex officio to her as the Democratic Standard Bearer. Ann Althouse said...How could the campaign put him out of business? By what method, exactly? I'd like to know. What could the campaign do? You ever apply for a liquor license, or have to pass a food service inspection, or a fire marshal inspection, or a business tax audit, or...deal with any of the myriad regulations, agencies, and code enforcement personnel this club owner likely has to deal with just to keep his doors open? No empathy for how difficult all that compliance can be, huh? The more vague a threat can be the more effective it is, generally speaking. I doubt anyone said "if you don't stop playing that video we'll tell talent agency X to stop sending you comedians" or "we'll have your city council rezone your property and shut you down" or anything like that. Those things, though--both "legitimate speech" and "unethical use of personal connections with government employees who can fuck you up" are within the Clinton's campaign's power, though, and everyone knows it. The mere fact that they're calling at all, personally, is part of the implied threat--keep this between us, fella, or things'll be bad for you. The "3 felonies a day" reality we live in means if they (the gov.) wants to get you as a private citizen, they likely can. It's much, much worse for a business/company/business owner, since they're subject to even more regulation and state control. The nature of the state's power is such that it'd be difficult to prove undue influence--what's prosecutorial discretion and what's doing a favor for a crony, after all--and the fact is by the time you got any kind of relief from the court you'd be bankrupt. Look at the tea party groups and the IRS--sure the DOJ now says they were unfairly targeted, that their treatment was wrong, but so what? Their goal was to influence an election, and that election is long gone. Some Lefty within a large, powerful institution made a decision to target some people she didn't like (political opponents) and nothing prevented it. The groups squaked, they complained, they told stories of biased treatment to anyone who would listen, and nothing changed, the Media didn't care, no one helped in time. That's the environment this business owner lives in--one where some faceless bureaucrat somewhere can ruin his life, destroy his business, all based on a mere whisper from the right person. Hey, who's to say that the food inspector isn't right, that he didn't deserve that failing grade? Can you PROVE it was politically motivated? Even if you could, would that un-ruin his business? The Left is pretty quick to talk about how bad bullying is, but doesn't seem to mind to much when they're the bullies. M Jordan said... You have to understand, Ann, Democrats today no longer believe in argument. They believed in power. They now have power, they plan to use it. So when the Clintons sense something they don't like, they aren't interested in the legality or morality of it; they're interested in shutting it down. The only hope we have is an electoral victory. That is the only thing that stops them. IRS: Not a smidgen of corruption! Clinton Foundation: Not a smidgen of corruption! Koch brothers: dangerous, corrupting influence, denounce 'em from the Senate floor! The seem to have their "Comedian Eruption Squad" on hair trigger alert. Having an enemies list is bad if you're on the Right--it's de facto proof of your corruption, your evil. Blacklisting people--refusing to hire them or work with them if you disagree with their positions/politics/etc--is bad if you're on the Right. It's proof of you inhumanity and shows that you're a bully, abusing your power to harm others. If you're not on the Right, though...it's just more speech, it's just freedom of association, it's just free expression, and you'd better not whine about it, you baby. Wow. Ann, you ought to get out there in the real world just a bit. When a totally dishonest, thoroughly corrupt politician with a long track record of criminal activity sends someone to give you a warning, and that politician could become the most powerful person in the world, you have been threatened. Hello? -- remember the IRS targeting?! The EPA?! The corruption of the justice dept? Samuel Wilson, a former political worker in Clinton's second campaign for governor, remembers the candidate encountering a critic at a campaign appearance in a small town. After the critic told Clinton he was nothing but a "two-bit politician" and then walked away, Clinton turned to a campaign aide and said "write down the name of that motherfucker. When I'm back in office, he's a dead man." "I remember his look. It was cold," Wilson said. "I don't want to think he wanted to kill him literally, but I'm sure some sort of revenge was inflicted later on." "The only hope we have is an electoral victory. That is the only thing that stops them." Then there is no hope. "I believe in killing people who try to hurt you." -- Bill Clinton as quoted by George Stephy Years ago, Mark Royko told a story - during one of Mayor Richard J. Daley's reelection campaigns, one of his campaign staff called the Art Institute of Chicago, wanting to hold a fundraiser in the Institute's ballroom. The campaign staffer was told politely that the Art Institute didn't do political events. The next day, an army of Chicago building inspectors, health inspectors, fire inspectors, etc. descended on the Art Institute, and wrote the Institute up for hundreds of thousands of dollars in code violations. Hillary would never be that vindictive, of course... mikee said... Kevin, Hillary would just let the IRS, DEA, ATF, et al., do their completely independent things to Masada all by themselves without any White House direction, just like Obama and Lerner did for 501c Republican groups before the 2012 election. Would not even take her saying, "Who will rid me of this pesky Laugh Factory?" Hillary supporters know to attack. alirod said... Do you realize there is absolutely no evidence that someone from the Clinton campaign made that call? No matter how much you hate Clinton, don't you feel any responsibility at all to vet the stuff you pass on? http://www.slate.com/articles/double_x/doublex/2015/11/hillary_clinton_laugh_factory_this_is_how_your_hillary_smear_sausage_gets.html Because of the Streisand Effect more have seen/heard the Hillary jokes than if no phone call was made. I didn't read through all the posts here but seriously? You don't see the threat? This is the same woman who had a filmmaker arrested because he insulted Mohammad. If her campaign tells you to stop doing something, you've got to take it very seriously. You'd be stupid not to. alirod said...Do you realize there is absolutely no evidence that someone from the Clinton campaign made that call? Fake but accurate, alirod, fake but accurate. Does the truth matter, man? It didn't for the movie Truth! Good luck pretending like we're supposed to be super-careful about veracity now, you just put Humpty Dumpty right back together and everything'll be fine. I learned it...I learned it from you, Leftists, I learned it from watching you! "What's that? This already sounds really unlikely? I guess so. It sure doesn't seem very smart for a highly visible presidential candidate, does it? Still, Judicial Watch says it happened, and Fox and Rush and Sean are all over it too. So I guess it must be true. They wouldn't just make stuff up, would they? Well, sure they would. What happened, according to Jamie Masada, founder of the Laugh Factory, is that a few days ago he got a comically threatening phone call from someone named "John." And that's it. John never said he was with the Clinton campaign. John never called back. Masada never told Judicial Watch about it. In other words, there's almost literally nothing there." --Kevin Drum jacksonjay said... The professor acts like she never heard of Vince Foster! OK, it's a joke. Is it OK to joke about Vince Foster? alirod reminds me of the Clinton impeachment. Before he was impeached the line was, there is zero evidence of a stained blue dress and even talking about it is beneath the dignity of television talking heads! After the evidence was indisputable, the line was, so what? All Presidents do it. Ken Mitchell said... "Dat's a nice little club youse got dere. It'd be a shame if something happened to it." Clear enough, Ann? You don't think the Clinton Crime Family doesn't have it in them to at least make the threat, even if you don't think they'd carry through? So, it's very low humor, mostly based on the idea that Hillary isn't a real woman. Welcome to the world of every Conservative woman for the last fifty years. Who was that thug (He was white, so spare me the microagression bullshit.) that worked for the Clintons in the WH? I think he was the one blamed for the 900 FBI files. Wikipedia had the answer. Craig Livingstone. Director of the White House's Office of Personnel Security, Craig Livingstone was apparently credentialed as a bouncer in a DC bar before moving to the top in the Clinton Family. No one seemed to know who hired him or why he became the Director of the White House Office of Personnel Security. The law prof seems very naive at times. Maybe this is another one of those extra tricky, sarcastic, word play, mind games. "Do you realize there is absolutely no evidence that someone from the Clinton campaign made that call? No matter how much you hate Clinton, don't you feel any responsibility at all to vet the stuff you pass on?" -- We have what Masada said. Even in the Slate piece, he says he has no idea. The Clinton campaign, obviously, denies they did this. Here is an interview where he talks about it and he says that he has no idea. Apparently he has decided to walk back his initial claims/clarify what he said. Which leaves us in the middle again. The person who received the phone call considers it a joke, Fox and the right ignore that fact and take the word of a 3rd party instead and run with this fake smear. Not caring about reality or facts, partisans run with this as an example. These are people who complained about gotcha questions at a debate .... What this sounds like is a repeat of the Clinton pattern of threatening entertainers, as she threatened Louise Caire Clarke over the Harry and Louise ads, telling her that she had to make a new ad rebutting the original because Hillary "has friends in Hollywood" and can be very good or very bad for her career. Clarke said in an interview with ITV, I think, that I saw in the UK in the early 2000s that she was shocked, as a Democrat, because she believed that this was the kind of things Republicans did. Clarke has now in fact made ads supporting health care "reform" and has declared her loyalty to Hillary and is now forgiven. So a fixer got to Masada, made up this improbable sounding cover story and forced him to go with it. The first story sounds far more authentic and the second story doesn't even make sense. Notice how they pour in when they think they have a rebuttal though, and notice their silence on the Broaddrick rape. Except for garage who says that all Clinton's victims were whores, he still fights the good fight on that. AllenS said... Let me tell you a little something, Jamie Masada, tell everyone the name of the person who called you, or shut the fuck up. If you won't provide a name, then it didn't happen. Check out the new post. Masada said the guy's name was "John" and he doesn't remember the last name. Well, that sure narrows it down. and the most likely option proves true Self Promotion by the comedy club. How much would it of cost them to get this much advertising. rubes JackOfClubs said... This is the kind of "comedy" that Carly Fiorina would be smart enough to just ignore. Any student of medieval history would know that court jesters and fools are immune from attack. It doesn't hurt Hilary and, if her campaign thinks it does, they must really be desperate. Getting down in the mud with them is really dumb, 1st Amendment or no. Not saying Clinton associates wouldn’t misbehave, but Jamie Masada’s accusation is too vague to be taken seriously. So why are you nice people pretending there’s something to analyze? He PARAPHRASED an ANONYMOUS person. It’s nothingness.	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line833
__label__cc	0.578771	0.421229	Georgetown Magazine (3) Apply Georgetown Magazine filter Fall/Winter 2015: At the Intersection of Faith and Healing Faith in the Lab Most of the research happening at Georgetown University on any given day is taking place at the Medical Center. How does the Jesuit, Catholic tradition impact the pursuit of biomedical research on... An Education Framed By Faith Faculty offer perspectives on teaching health and medicine with faith in mind. At the Intersection of Faith & Healing How do Catholic, Jesuit values shape Georgetown's medical education, research and patient care? Putting Faith & Healing Into Practice Alumna Jennifer Walter, MD (M’07), reflects on spirituality and patient care... Flight surgeon Rebecca Blue, MD (M’08), credits a great deal of her success to her experiences at Georgetown... Finding Space to Practice Faith Daliha Aqbal (NHS’08, MS’12, M’17) writes about Georgetown’s supportive, interfaith community, and how her own faith is helping her through medical school. A Thread of Hope Lauren Kingsland, a professional artist with the Lombardi Arts and Humanities Program, created the prayer flag project to benefit patients, family members and staff. Remembering Richard Joseph McCooey Restaurateur Richard J. McCooey, founder of Georgetown neighborhood institutions 1789 restaurant and The Tombs, died August 6. He was 83. A well-known figure in the Georgetown community and... McCourt Mo Elleithee, Institute of Politics and Public Service With the 2016 presidential election fast approaching, Mo Elleithee (F'94) thinks it's time to bring some new voices to the table to help improve our nation's current political process. He also thinks...	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line834
__label__cc	0.738792	0.261208	Remove August 2016 filter August 2016 Jeff Chapski's Journey to become GUAA President Jeff Chapski (B'91) (center) poses for a picture with Bill Reynolds, (C'79, Parent’10,’13) (left) and Paul Besozzi (F'69, L'72, Parent’05) (right) at the 2010 Alumni Service Recognition Banquet,... Integrative medicine in the classroom Georgetown’s evolving study in complementary and alternative therapies... Dine with a Doc Dine With a Doc program offers food and fellowship for alumni and students. Georgetown Magazine: An Opportunity to Serve with Friends Food and nutrition services have always been a volunteer match for Mu Alpha Hoyas. Image credit: Mu Alpha website By Timothy Rosenberger (C'16) When Paul Albergo (C'82) thinks about his four years at... Teaching in a Jesuit School of Medicine Mary A. Furlong, MD (MS’91, M’95, R’00), shares the professor’s perspective on education at Georgetown University Medical Center. The Neurosurgeon's Prayer Meghan Murphy, MD (M'2019;11), resident neurological surgeon at the Mayo Clinic, draws on her faith as a source of composure, strength, humility and compassion. Embrace the Suffering in Mercy Brother Diogo Escudero spoke with a group of breast cancer survivors to share his views on faith and science.	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line835
__label__wiki	0.538344	0.538344	Marianne Williamson's Anti-Semitic 9/11 Conspiracy Do You Side With Trump or the Radical Left? [VOTE HERE] In an unearthed appearance on the infamous talk-radio show "Truth Jihad," White House hopeful Marianne Williamson floated an anti-Semitic and 9/11 truther conspiracy. Mediaite's Reed Richardson has more: According to a CNN story, Williamson made numerous questionable comments while appearing on the fringe radio show Truth Jihad, which is hosted by Kevin Barrett, who lost his job in academia for relentlessly pushing outlandish and unproven anti-government propaganda. During the show, the New Age guru didn't push back when Barrett floated his baseless myths that a "Zionist organized crime outfit" was the real culprit behind the 2001 terrorist attacks on New York City, the Pentagon, and a downed airliner in Pennsylvania. "I think the Republicans are in the hands of the Zionist organized crime outfit that has been dedicated to going to a war with Iran ever since they blew up the Trade Towers," Barrett said during their conversation. "So you think that the Zionist organized crime unit were the ones who did 9/11?" Williamson responded, propagating rather than challenging the false smear. "Absolutely, just Google Larry Silverstein," Barrett said, referencing the Jewish real estate developer who helped build the Ground Zero site in Manhattan. In response to press inquiries, Williamson's campaign manager denied the candidate ever propagated hateful and demonstrably untrue conspiracy theories. Tags: Issues: Liberal Loon, AAN Exclusive; Categories:	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line837
__label__cc	0.708418	0.291582	Hollin Jones on Sep 25, 2019 in Interviews 0 comments With a list of credits that includes Kanye West and Taylor Swift among many other notable names, Brent Kolatalo is in serious demand. We found out what makes him tick in the studio... Brent Kolatalo is a New York City based Grammy winning producer and mix engineer who’s worked with internationally renowned artists such as Bruno Mars, Kanye West, Lorde, Drake, Lana Del Ray amongst countless others. Having worked on over 24 gold and platinum albums now, Brent has become one of the most in demand producer/mixers in the industry. We caught up with him to talk tech... Ask.Audio: Can you tell us a little about your background and how you got into production? Did you learn an instrument when you were young or did you jump straight into the technical side of production? Brent Kolatalo: The guitar seduced me right from the beginning when I was a kid and what ultimately led me to music production. I would practice guitar five hours a day right after school and always thought I was going to be the next Steve Vai or Eddie Van Halen. The wakeup call was when I got accepted to go to Berklee for guitar and saw all these kids from all over the world playing their asses off who were just as good as me if not better. I thought to myself “what makes me any different than these guys?”. And then I had a revelation…. It’s not about me or how good I thought I could ultimately be at the guitar, the end game for me was realizing it’s all about the song. Most of those virtuoso guitar players only have an audience of other great guitar players and musicians who can appreciate that kind of musicality. I wanted to work on music with a broader scope and make it more about bringing out what was best from the artist and be a vehicle in that way. AA: What was the first major project that you worked on? It was working on the College Dropout by Kanye West. I ended up working on about half of the album adding instrumentation, vocals, drums, etc. Whatever Kanye wanted. Oddly enough, that was the same year I was debating going back to college at Berklee to finish my degree or dropping out of college to work at recording studios in New York City. My parents of course wanted me to go back to college but my gut told me the opportunity of a lifetime was in New York City. I knew I chose the correct path when I ended up going to the Grammys that year for working on The College Dropout. It felt like that was the universe’s way of giving me a sign. AA: Would you describe yourself primarily as a producer or engineer, or both equally? I would say both equally. The great thing about being able to do both is that I can incorporate my knowledge from either skill and use it for the other. Say if I’m mixing for a client, sometimes I’ll put my producer hat on and try and think of ways I’d approach the mix if I was the producer on the track. Like what element can we drop out here to emphasize more of the vocal? What if we did a filter on the bridge instruments to really break up the sections more? Things like that. AA: You emphasize the importance of hardware in the production process. Do you feel that it’s inherently superior to software? I don’t any more. I think the software is definitely catching up with a lot of the analog sounding stuff. There’s ways you can push some of the digital plug-ins to give it that analog sound. You just have to know how to do it. Honestly when I mix off the SSL board a lot of artists can’t stand the tape hiss that it gives off. They want it sounding completely clean which I can understand. It’s just a different perspective than way I was taught. I’m sure any old school gear head reading this is doing multiple face palms as we speak. AA: Can you tell us about your studio? What is your DAW of choice and what would be your top five pieces of studio gear - either software or hardware. I like to mix in Pro Tools but produce in Logic. I personally can’t stand looking at Pro Tools when I try and be creative. It just feels very bland and uninspiring to look at. It’s more of an engineer’s tool to me. My top 5 go to pieces of gear that I use at least once a week are the SSL AWS 900 console, Keyscape by Omnisphere, Massive synth by Native Instruments, Sony C_800g microphone, and vocal synth 2 by Izotope AA: How do you find clients, do they tend to come to you? They do tend to find me now because of all of the credits I’ve accumulated throughout the years. If you’re having a hard time trying to find clients my recommendation would be to get big credits anyway you can. This industry is all about credits and who you’ve recently worked with. Try offering your work for free if you have to. That’s what I did when I first started out. That credit will pay itself off down the road. AA: How does a project typically begin? Will someone come to you with a vague idea for a production, or for a final mix and master? Projects come in at all different phases of the production and mixing process. There’s really no set rule. Generally though there’s usually at least a skeleton of an idea to work from. I always ask the artist for a reference track for the particular song we’re working on. I’m not trying to rip anyone off by any means but it just gets me in the ballpark for the type of vibe they’re going for. AA: Your list of credits is crazy. Who have you not worked with yet but would love to? I appreciate that. I’d say definitely Billie Eilish. I’m a huge fan and think everything she does is just magic. Michael Kiwanuka is another one. That guy just oozes soul out of his pores. If you haven’t heard the song “Cold Little Heart” by him you aren’t living. AA: You offer an online mixing service aimed at unsigned artists. Can you walk us through how this works? Sure. The artist sends me wav files online from their session through an uploading service. Preferably they’re not sending processed wav files unless it’s something super creative like a filter sweep on an instrument or a vocal that has a really specific distortion plug-in on it. Once I have all the files, I’ll ask for a rough mix and a reference song of something current that’s out now that the client really likes the sound of. I do this to just get a general idea of the sound they want. I ask for a rough mix because I want to make sure I’m not missing any audio files when I listen back and prep the session. Once I have all of those things and everything sounds correct I’ll start mixing. A mix roughly takes me about 4 to 6 hours to finish. A lot of it also depends on how many tracks there are but I’m never looking at the clock and trying to hurry a mix if it goes over 6 hours. The mix is done when it’s done. You just can kind of feel it when it is. I’ll usually take an extra day after I feel it’s done to listen back with fresh ears and tweak if needed. Once I’m happy with any tweaks, I’ll send the first draft to the artist for any comments and we’ll revise from there until the artist is 100 percent happy with the mix. AA: You also say the client stays involved throughout the mixing process, even if they are somewhere else in the world. Do people usually want revisions or are they blown away by your mixing choices first time? It seems generous to offer this level of committment for a flat fee. It varies from client to client but usually there aren’t too many revisions. If there are certain aspects of the first draft the client doesn’t like at all, I can promise you the next revision will be much much closer. A lot of it is all about how well the client is able to communicate their vision to you before you start mixing. No one can be a mind reader. If there’s a specific sound you’re looking for make sure you let the engineer know beforehand. AA: What are your thoughts about online mastering services that use software or algorithms? I think it’s great for beginners who don’t have a clue about that aspect of audio making. It still doesn’t beat the best mastering engineers out there. The one thing that worries me is that there’ll eventually be algorithms that go into mixing and production once the technology gets better and I think that’ll be a very slippery slope. I could see algorithms for mixing where they just have these presets for specific pop and urban artists sounds that you can click on and imitate instantly. There will be very little creative involvement. Anything that lets computers take away the artistry and creativity that’s such a human and personal experience to begin with is scary to me. AA: Is there one part of the production process that you particularly enjoy, or one that you find tedious? I love working on drums. There’s something so primal about it. I get great joy out of coming up with a groove that makes you bop your head to it. If I can get you dancing then I’ve done my job. AA: What advice would you give to young up and coming producers? Perhaps something that you have learned over the years, and that you wish you had known earlier? Collaborate with people who are better at certain parts of music than you are. If you’re mainly a beat producer, collaborate with a producer who’s strong at the keys and melodies. You can’t be the best at everything. Find what you’re good at and then work with other people who are great where you’re lacking AA: What’s next in your calender? Any big collabs coming up? I just worked on Taylor Swift’s new album which I was extremely honored to be a part of. I’ve also been working on the upcoming Dua Lipa album, a new Mark Ronson song for the movie Spies In Disguise (Xmas release), and producing a couple new songs for rock artist Des Rocs. Web: http://www.brentk.com production tips Hollin Jones was classically trained as a piano player but found the lure of blues and jazz too much to resist. Graduating from bands to composition then production, he relishes the chance to play anything with keys. A sometime lecturer in videographics, music production and photography post production, Hollin has been a freelance w... Read More Rhythm & Listening Skills Ear Training 103 15. Phrase Length 21. Exercise: Ahead, Center or Behind 1 Interview: Olav Basoski - EDM Production Tips 9 Top Electronic Artists & Producers Reveal The Xmas Gift They Want For Their... Jimmy Galvin on No FX Recording, Abbey Road Studio Mastering & Performing on ... Interview: Avision Interview: Tez Cadey, Producing Real Drumkits With Electronic Beats	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line843
__label__wiki	0.609245	0.609245	Home Interviews Keith Butler – University of Victoria Vikes – Winter Update Keith Butler – University of Victoria Vikes – Winter Update The University of Victoria Vikes Track and Field team is looking very strong as they roll through the indoor season and look towards a competitive CIS outdoor season. Athletics Illustrated, during the November 29th interview with Coach Keith Butler, reported that the University of Victoria Vikes team were seeing early returns during the 2011 CIS cross-country season. Both the women’s and men’s teams finished second in the Western Washington Invitational on October 8th. October 22nd the women not only finished first in the University of British Columbia Open, but also swept the podium positions. The men’s team also finished first and took the gold and silver positions. The Vikes continue to run well during the indoor season as several of the athletes have accomplished season and lifetime personal bests. Butler and the team look forward to a very competitive outdoor season with fast-developing athletes, stellar recruits and a men’s team led by Cliff Childs, who is in his fifth and final year with the Vikes and is coming off an excellent cross-country season as well. Christopher Kelsall: How is the team coming along for the upcoming outdoor track season? Keith Butler: We have had many athletes set indoor personal bests with several setting lifetime personal best so far this indoor season, so that bodes well for the outdoor campaign. Our men’s team has been very healthy so far this season while our women’s team has struggled with the injury bug a little. CK: What are the injuries? KB: Stephanie Trenholm (stress fracture while at Alaska-Anchorage) and Jenna van Vliet (high school soccer, knee surgery) suffered injuries before they came to our program which are still causing side effects that are hampering their ability to train at a consistently high level. Because the outdoor season is our emphasis, two or three very strong women will likely skip the indoor season so as not to rush them back into training and racing too quickly. CK: Rachel Francois breaking Ulla Hansen’s record is impressive so early. Ulla ended up competing at a high level for sometime as you well know. KB: Rachel crushed our existing 800m record that Ulla set but to be fair to several outstanding UVic alum, such as Trish Fougner (nee Wellman), our athletes don’t get that many opportunities to race 800m in indoor competition. Trish’s 1000m school record of 2:44 reflects that she ran 1000m more often than 800m indoors. Even still, Rachel’s time of 2:07.70 is a lifetime best for her, indoors or out. She is obviously very talented and has come from an excellent coach in Edmonton in David Lee Pong. What is more impressive is that she really has not done any specific 800m work yet. Brent (Fougner) commented that a specific 800m workout she recently completed was in Rachel’s words, “the first time I have ever done a workout like that”. CK: You and Cliff Childs, in separate interviews, talked about doing more tempo runs than years before and that the two of you feel they are a contributor to the excellent cross-country season – capped by a Canada West first place finish and a team bronze at CIS (nationals). Do you continue these through indoors and into spring? What do these tempos look like? KB: We include steady state and max steady state tempo runs in most workout days, warm up runs as well as part of our long Sunday runs. This varies by athletes but Cliff and Dylan Haight are working to consistently include 30-45’ of tempo running in a long Sunday run. Most Thursdays include lactate shuttle runs where the tempo drops down to 3k pace for 45-60” during a steady state effort of 20-40’. Dylan tends to thrive off of these kinds of workouts. CK: Does this indicate that his strength may lean more toward 3000m or 5000m as opposed to 800/1500m? KB: In Dylan’s case, yes. Our goal with Dylan this year is to keep him healthy through one full 11 month phase of training, something he has not been able to do before. Touch wood, but so far so good. Dylan and Cliff are going to focus on the 5k this outdoor season. Goals for the upcoming Indoor championships: Right now UVic leads the individual rankings in the 600m, 1000m, 1500m, 3000m and 4 x 800m relay. Our goal is to win all of these events and maybe the 4 x 400m relay as well. The top two in each event qualify for the CIS indoor championships March 10-12 in Winnipeg so John Pratt, Adam Gaudes, Thomas Riva, Kyle Irvive, Karl Robertson, Cliff Childs and Dylan Haight are the group we hope to qualify with the outside chance of 1-2 more. UVic leads the rankings in the women’s 600m and 4 x 800m. Rachel Francois is the #2 ranked 600m in the CIS as a rookie. Kendra Pomfret has the automatic CIS standard in the 600m as well, so she is guaranteed a CIS berth. We also hope to qualify Brittany Therrien in the 1000m and/or 1500m and Alicia Roske in the 1500m and/or 3000m. Our 4 x 800m relay team leads the CIS rankings and we hope to qualify our 4 x 400m relay team as well. Only 12 athletes/teams qualify for the CIS per event so the races are very strong. The competitive level in the middle distance events at the CIS level has soared this indoor season. See the rankings at http://www.sportingcanada.com/tf/ We will set specific CIS goals following our conference championships, which happen February 24-25 in Saskatoon. Brent Foughner Clifford Childs Dylan Haight Vikes Previous articleRenato Canova, Arthur Lydiard Roundtable – Champions Everywhere Next articleRun in Kelowna British Columbia	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line846
__label__wiki	0.962936	0.962936	Regardez des vidéos, exclusivement sur Athlétique Profitez de récits originaux qui vont au-delà des sommaires et des faits saillants. Plus de vidéos à venir bientôt. Matthew Slater: The Patriots' Glue Man Despite suffering a stunning playoff loss, New England special teams superstar Matthew Slater made history this season with a record eighth Pro Bowl selection. As The Athletic discovered, win or lose, Slater is the glue holding the Patriots together. ▶ VISIONNEZ ▶ BANDE-ANNONCE ▶ VISIONNEZ ▶ BANDE-ANNONCE Robin Lehner: Fighting Demons Robin Lehner is one of the NHL's premier goalies, but defending shots at 100 mph is nothing compared to his personal demons. Lehner and his wife, Donya, open up to The Athletic senior writer Katie Strang about his mental illness and daily struggle to survive. 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Zappulla Brighton Zeuner: Hell on Wheels As skateboarding prepares to make its Olympic debut next summer, 14-year-old prodigy Brighton Zeuner is expected to not only medal but be one of the breakout stars in Tokyo. Produced and reported by Adrienne Gallagher. The Dream Factory In this exclusive with The Athletic, ex-college basketball stars work out at their Hollywood talent agency’s rookie camp, hoping to improve their chances and potential worth at the NBA draft. Correspondent: Armen Keteyian. Produced by: Brian Hyland There were two miracles in 1969: one on the moon, the other at Shea Stadium. The Mets’ Ron Swoboda remembers arguably the greatest catch in World Series history. Correspondent: Armen Keteyian. Produced by: Gary Cohen Over the Edge: College Sports' Mental Health Crisis High-profile student-athlete deaths have brought mental health to the forefront of a national movement, with coaches like Clemson's Dabo Swinney fighting the stigma head-on. Correspondent: Armen Keteyian. Produced by: Catherine Olian Love at 200 Motorcycle land-speed racing is a dangerous sport. More have climbed Mount Everest than broken records exceeding 200 mph. Erin Hunter and Andy Sills both did it and fell in love just as fast. Correspondent: Armen Keteyian. Produced by: Adrienne Gallagher Survivor: Remaking U.S. Men’s Soccer MLS players fight to make the USMNT at a grueling California soccer camp while coach Gregg Berhalter looks to put the U.S. men back on the world stage. Correspondent: Armen Keteyian. Produced by: Ross Hockrow Steinbrenner IV: Generation Driven The Boss’ grandson is forging his own legacy – in racing. At 22, George Steinbrenner IV is the youngest team owner in IndyCar history. His driver, Colton Herta, is the sport’s youngest winner. Together, they look to redefine IndyCar. Correspondent: Armen Sight Unseen: Calling Hockey While Blind Blind since birth, Matt Wallace fell in love with the sounds of sports and now calls the action for the University of Pennsylvania’s women’s hockey team. Correspondent: Armen Keteyian. Produced by: Adam Berger Christian Yelich: The Outlier Milwaukee Brewers outfielder Christian Yelich continues to defy baseball's analytics obsession with a near-perfect swing. Just don’t say launch angle around him. Correspondent: Armen Keteyian; Produced by: Ross Hockrow P.K. Subban, Inc. The Nashville Predators may be out of the playoffs, but P.K. Subban's work is far from over. The NHL star has been building his own brand while also embracing life in the public eye. Correspondent: Armen Keteyian; Produced by: Charlie Bloom Sports Gambling: Big Bets on High Tech Legalized state-sponsored sports betting has leagues vying for the promise of billions in new revenue while new technologies blur the line between sports and games. (Correspondent: Armen Keteyian; Produced by: Al Briganti) Follow NBA star Gordon Hayward in The Return, a five-part video series from The Athletic & The Players' Tribune documenting his hard-fought journey back to the court after a devastating injury.	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line847
__label__wiki	0.645154	0.645154	Potential role of toll-like receptors in programming of vascular dysfunction Jennifer A. Thompson, R. Clinton Webb The developmental origins of the metabolic syndrome have been established through the consistent observation that small-for-gestational age and large-for-gestational age fetuses have an increased risk for hypertension and related metabolic disorders later in life. These phenotypes have been reproduced in various species subjected to a range of intrauterine insults and ongoing research is directed towards understanding the underlying molecular mechanisms. Current evidence suggests that the creation of a pro-inflammatory and pro-oxidant intrauterine milieu is a common thread among prenatal factors that have an impact upon fetal size. Furthermore, studies demonstrate that a shift in fetal redox status consequent to environmental cues persists after birth and drives the progression of vascular dysfunction and hypertension in postnatal life. TLR (Toll-like receptor) signalling has emerged as a key link between inflammation and oxidative stress and a pathogenic contributor to hypertension, insulin resistance and obesity, in both human patients and animal models of disease. Thus TLR activation and dysregulation of its signalling components represent potential molecular underpinnings of programmed hypertension and related disorders in those subjected to suboptimal intrauterine conditions, yet their contributions to developmental programming remain unexplored. We propose that danger signals mobilized by the placenta or fetal tissues during complicated pregnancy activate the fetal innate immune system through TLRs and thereby potentiate the generation of ROS (reactive oxygen species) and orchestrate fetal adaptive responses, including changes in gene expression, which later translate to vascular dysfunction. Furthermore, we suggest that, after birth, continual activation of TLR signalling propagates vascular oxidative stress and therebyaccelerates the advancement of hypertension and heart failure. https://doi.org/10.1042/CS20120673 Gestational Age Animal Disease Models Developmental programming Pro-inflammation Thompson, J. A., & Webb, R. C. (2013). Potential role of toll-like receptors in programming of vascular dysfunction. Clinical Science, 125(1), 19-25. https://doi.org/10.1042/CS20120673 Potential role of toll-like receptors in programming of vascular dysfunction. / Thompson, Jennifer A.; Webb, R. Clinton. In: Clinical Science, Vol. 125, No. 1, 01.07.2013, p. 19-25. Thompson, JA & Webb, RC 2013, 'Potential role of toll-like receptors in programming of vascular dysfunction', Clinical Science, vol. 125, no. 1, pp. 19-25. https://doi.org/10.1042/CS20120673 Thompson JA, Webb RC. Potential role of toll-like receptors in programming of vascular dysfunction. Clinical Science. 2013 Jul 1;125(1):19-25. https://doi.org/10.1042/CS20120673 Thompson, Jennifer A. ; Webb, R. Clinton. / Potential role of toll-like receptors in programming of vascular dysfunction. In: Clinical Science. 2013 ; Vol. 125, No. 1. pp. 19-25. @article{e105c9771ade4dc78e4b80e6beefbca7, title = "Potential role of toll-like receptors in programming of vascular dysfunction", abstract = "The developmental origins of the metabolic syndrome have been established through the consistent observation that small-for-gestational age and large-for-gestational age fetuses have an increased risk for hypertension and related metabolic disorders later in life. These phenotypes have been reproduced in various species subjected to a range of intrauterine insults and ongoing research is directed towards understanding the underlying molecular mechanisms. Current evidence suggests that the creation of a pro-inflammatory and pro-oxidant intrauterine milieu is a common thread among prenatal factors that have an impact upon fetal size. Furthermore, studies demonstrate that a shift in fetal redox status consequent to environmental cues persists after birth and drives the progression of vascular dysfunction and hypertension in postnatal life. TLR (Toll-like receptor) signalling has emerged as a key link between inflammation and oxidative stress and a pathogenic contributor to hypertension, insulin resistance and obesity, in both human patients and animal models of disease. Thus TLR activation and dysregulation of its signalling components represent potential molecular underpinnings of programmed hypertension and related disorders in those subjected to suboptimal intrauterine conditions, yet their contributions to developmental programming remain unexplored. We propose that danger signals mobilized by the placenta or fetal tissues during complicated pregnancy activate the fetal innate immune system through TLRs and thereby potentiate the generation of ROS (reactive oxygen species) and orchestrate fetal adaptive responses, including changes in gene expression, which later translate to vascular dysfunction. Furthermore, we suggest that, after birth, continual activation of TLR signalling propagates vascular oxidative stress and therebyaccelerates the advancement of hypertension and heart failure.", keywords = "Developmental programming, Metabolic syndrome, Oxidative stress, Pro-inflammation, Toll-like receptor", author = "Thompson, {Jennifer A.} and Webb, {R. Clinton}", doi = "10.1042/CS20120673", journal = "Clinical Science", publisher = "Portland Press Ltd.", T1 - Potential role of toll-like receptors in programming of vascular dysfunction AU - Thompson, Jennifer A. AU - Webb, R. Clinton N2 - The developmental origins of the metabolic syndrome have been established through the consistent observation that small-for-gestational age and large-for-gestational age fetuses have an increased risk for hypertension and related metabolic disorders later in life. These phenotypes have been reproduced in various species subjected to a range of intrauterine insults and ongoing research is directed towards understanding the underlying molecular mechanisms. Current evidence suggests that the creation of a pro-inflammatory and pro-oxidant intrauterine milieu is a common thread among prenatal factors that have an impact upon fetal size. Furthermore, studies demonstrate that a shift in fetal redox status consequent to environmental cues persists after birth and drives the progression of vascular dysfunction and hypertension in postnatal life. TLR (Toll-like receptor) signalling has emerged as a key link between inflammation and oxidative stress and a pathogenic contributor to hypertension, insulin resistance and obesity, in both human patients and animal models of disease. Thus TLR activation and dysregulation of its signalling components represent potential molecular underpinnings of programmed hypertension and related disorders in those subjected to suboptimal intrauterine conditions, yet their contributions to developmental programming remain unexplored. We propose that danger signals mobilized by the placenta or fetal tissues during complicated pregnancy activate the fetal innate immune system through TLRs and thereby potentiate the generation of ROS (reactive oxygen species) and orchestrate fetal adaptive responses, including changes in gene expression, which later translate to vascular dysfunction. Furthermore, we suggest that, after birth, continual activation of TLR signalling propagates vascular oxidative stress and therebyaccelerates the advancement of hypertension and heart failure. AB - The developmental origins of the metabolic syndrome have been established through the consistent observation that small-for-gestational age and large-for-gestational age fetuses have an increased risk for hypertension and related metabolic disorders later in life. These phenotypes have been reproduced in various species subjected to a range of intrauterine insults and ongoing research is directed towards understanding the underlying molecular mechanisms. Current evidence suggests that the creation of a pro-inflammatory and pro-oxidant intrauterine milieu is a common thread among prenatal factors that have an impact upon fetal size. Furthermore, studies demonstrate that a shift in fetal redox status consequent to environmental cues persists after birth and drives the progression of vascular dysfunction and hypertension in postnatal life. TLR (Toll-like receptor) signalling has emerged as a key link between inflammation and oxidative stress and a pathogenic contributor to hypertension, insulin resistance and obesity, in both human patients and animal models of disease. Thus TLR activation and dysregulation of its signalling components represent potential molecular underpinnings of programmed hypertension and related disorders in those subjected to suboptimal intrauterine conditions, yet their contributions to developmental programming remain unexplored. We propose that danger signals mobilized by the placenta or fetal tissues during complicated pregnancy activate the fetal innate immune system through TLRs and thereby potentiate the generation of ROS (reactive oxygen species) and orchestrate fetal adaptive responses, including changes in gene expression, which later translate to vascular dysfunction. Furthermore, we suggest that, after birth, continual activation of TLR signalling propagates vascular oxidative stress and therebyaccelerates the advancement of hypertension and heart failure. KW - Developmental programming KW - Metabolic syndrome KW - Pro-inflammation KW - Toll-like receptor U2 - 10.1042/CS20120673 DO - 10.1042/CS20120673 JO - Clinical Science JF - Clinical Science 10.1042/CS20120673	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line852
__label__cc	0.505054	0.494946	Auto Components » Egypt's exposition Autotech 2017 Indian auto parts makers to participate in Egypt's exposition The companies form a part of the global supply chain for the majors like Toyota, Mitsubishi, Nissan and Isuzu.PTI \| December 07, 2017, 08:48 IST The Indian auto-components industry is set to become the third largest in the world by 2025 and is expected to grow by 8 to 10 per cent in 2017-18. Cairo: Ten leading automotive component manufacturers from India will participate in an exposition in Egypt to explore opportunities in the Egyptian and North African markets. The companies form a part of the global supply chain for the majors like Toyota, Mitsubishi, Nissan and Isuzu. "India is emerging as a global hub for auto-components sourcing. The Indian auto-components are known for its cost effectiveness and quality. With the rapidly growing transport sector in Egypt, Indian auto-components industry is well positioned to cater to the needs of the Egyptian market through trade and investment collaborations," India's Ambassador to Egypt Sanjay Bhattacharyya said. Higher localisation by Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEM), higher component content per vehicle, and rising exports from India would be the key growth drivers for the industry which is projected to register a turnover of USD 100 billion by 2020. By 2026, exports of these products are likely to range between USD 80 to USD 100 billion. The Indian Pavilion is being organised by the Engineering Export Promotion Council of India (EEPC India), the premier trade and investment promotion organisation in engineering sector sponsored by the Ministry of Commerce and Industry, in association with the Embassy of India in Cairo. In auto-components sector, India is among the top six exporting countries to Egypt. India exported more than USD 75 million worth of auto- component products to Egypt in 2016, constituting 7.5 per cent of the total imports of Egypt for the product. "Our participation in the prestigious exposition would further cement India's ties with Egypt and the entire North Africa," said Bhaskar Sarkar, Executive Director and Secretary, EEPC India. The Autotech 2017 in its 24th edition is expected to attract over 300 exhibition brands and 5000 visitors even as six new Product Sectors are added to the largest and most comprehensive trade show for the auto aftermarket industry. It provides the platform to connect with top decision makers specialised in automobile spare parts, accessories, motorcar workshops, service station equipment and feeding industries. Egypt has traditionally been one of India's most important trading partners in the African continent. During the year 2016-17, bilateral trade between India and Egypt was to the tune of USD 3.23 billion. India is Egypt's 10th largest export destination and also the 10th largest import source. The governments and the business communities in India and Egypt are working closely to promote the dynamism in bilateral economic relations. The participation by EEPC India delegation in Autotech 2017 is part of the embassy's efforts to expand bilateral commercial and economic relations in general and machine tools sectors in particular. YES CPS Tags : Auto Components, Egypt's exposition, Autotech 2017, Toyota, Nissan, Mitsubishi, Isuzu Most Read in Auto Components Bearings manufacturer NEI acquires European Kinex bearings China's EV battery makers targeting more power to increase driving range Varroc to use McDonald's coffee chaff to make headlamps for cars Auto parts supplier IAC to shutdown Dayton plant next month Bentley to focus on solid-state batteries to drive its electric models Livguard to set up Li-ion battery assembly plant in Manesar in 2020 Lucas TVS to sell stake in India Japan Lighting to partner Koito for Rs 148.5 crore	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line854
__label__wiki	0.609777	0.609777	Price is no object — NASA rejects Blue Origin’s offer of a cheaper upper stage for the SLS rocket Each launch of the SLS rocket may cost on the order of $2 billion. Eric Berger - Nov 5, 2019 2:36 pm UTC Enlarge / A video still showing an Exploration Upper Stage in flight. 403 with 142 posters participating, including story author On Halloween, NASA posted a document that provides some perspective on the agency's long-term plans for the Space Launch System rocket. This is the agency's titanic booster that has been under development since 2010, has an annual budget of more than $2 billion, and will not fly before at least 2021. The new document, known as a Justification for Other Than Full and Open Competition, explains why NASA rejected a lower-cost version of an upper stage for its rocket. Early on, the space agency opted to build the large SLS rocket in phases. The initial version, Block 1, would have a placeholder upper stage. As a result, this initial variant of the rocket would be somewhat limited in its capabilities and only marginally more powerful than private rockets—most notably SpaceX's Falcon Heavy and Blue Origin's New Glenn boosters—developed without the deep pockets of US taxpayers. Some NASA contractors appear to be trying to kill the Lunar Gateway The much more capable Block 1b of the SLS rocket will stand apart from these private rockets. With its more powerful second stage, known as the Exploration Upper Stage, it will more than double the lift capacity of these private rockets. Additionally, it will have the capability to launch both large amounts of cargo and the crewed Orion spacecraft at the same time. At the outset of the program, NASA chose Boeing to build both the core stage of the SLS rocket, as well as the Exploration Upper Stage. In recent years, Congress has appropriated hundreds of millions of dollars for the agency and Boeing to design this new upper stage to fit on top of the SLS rocket. The agency has yet to move into development of the upper stage, however. A comparison between the Interium Cryogenic Propulsion Stage and the more powerful Exploration Upper Stage. There are several reasons for this. NASA wants Boeing to finish the SLS rocket's core stage first, as it is already four years late. Moreover, because of Boeing's performance on the core stage and projected costs of the Exploration Upper Stage, the agency was curious if there were other aerospace companies interested in building a powerful upper stage for the SLS rocket. There’s a new report on SLS rocket management, and it’s pretty brutal Two years ago this frustration, in part, led NASA to issue a request for industry to provide a "low-cost replacement" for the RL-10 rocket engine that powered the Exploration Upper Stage, as well as perhaps an entirely new stage itself. An agency spokesperson said at the time the request sought to "open up the field of possible responses" and reduce costs of the SLS rocket's proposed upper stage. Since that time, the issue of the Exploration Upper Stage has largely simmered behind the scenes. The new document released on Halloween, however, provides some clarity for what happened. And instead of opening upper stage bidding into a formal bidding process, NASA decided to stick with Boeing's version of the Exploration Upper Stage. Because this was a non-competitive process, NASA had to justify it with the new document. The bidders In the new paperwork, we learn that Boeing and its long-time competitor, Lockheed Martin, proposed to build the Exploration Upper Stage as designed, with four RL-10 rocket engines manufactured by Aerojet Rocketdyne. In addition, Blue Origin submitted an "alternate response" to the upper stage design. This design was based upon Blue Origin's BE-3U rocket engine, a modified version of the motor that powers the New Shepard launch system, which will also fly in the upper stage of the company's New Glenn rocket. A single BE-3U engine has more thrust than four RL-10 engines combined. So Blue Origin likely proposed an upper stage powered by a single BE-3U engine. Rocket engine costs are something of a black box, but it is likely that a single BE-3U engine will cost about the same, or less, than a single RL-10 engine. Therefore Blue Origin's upper stage would almost certainly cost significantly less than the Exploration Upper Stage proposed by Boeing. (NASA's justification document redacts the agency's investment to date in the Exploration Upper Stage.) Various sources have suggested wildly different cost estimates for the Exploration Upper Stage. But one thing we know for sure from NASA's 2017 request of industry is that the agency sought to cut costs and must have believed Boeing's price was too high. How high was it? We can make an educated guess. Using the Advanced Missions Cost Model, we can roughly estimate the development cost of an upper stage with a dry mass of 13.1 metric tons at $2.5 billion (we rated the development difficulty factor as "high" rather than "very high"). Based upon this model, the total cost for eight Exploration Upper Stages—which NASA announced in October it was beginning to order—came in at $8.6 billion. Subtracting development costs, then, this gives us a per-unit cost of each Boeing upper stage of $880 million. NASA is trying to make the Space Launch System rocket more affordable It is not difficult to see the quandary here for NASA. Even if the agency succeeds in the herculean task of bringing the cost of a single core stage down to $1 billion, flying the Exploration Upper Stage will make each launch of its SLS rocket cost on the order of at least $2 billion. This is not the foundation of a sustainable space program. Indeed, NASA would find itself in the situation of the SLS rocket being too expensive to fly often, and unable to fly it often enough, to eventually make the SLS rocket affordable. Despite this, in NASA's new justification document, the agency rejects Blue Origin's less-costly alternative. NASA sets out three reasons for not opening the competition to Blue Origin. In the document, signed by various agency officials including the acting director for human spaceflight, Ken Bowersox, NASA says Blue Origin's "alternate" stage cannot fly 10 tons of cargo along with the Orion spacecraft. Moreover, NASA says, the total height of the SLS rocket's core stage with Blue Origin's upper stage exceeds the height of the Vertical Assembly Building's door, resulting in "modifications to the VAB building height and substantial cost and schedule delays." Finally, the agency says the BE-3U engine's higher stage thrust would result in an increase to the end-of-life acceleration of the Orion spacecraft and a significant impact to the Orion solar array design. Despite these reasons, perhaps the overriding rationale in the NASA document is that moving away from the Exploration Upper Stage's current design would require time the agency does not have in its rush to reach the lunar surface by 2024. NASA would "incur additional costs and schedule risk due to changes in the design and analysis cycles," the document states. "The alternate solution is a heavier stage with a different length and diameter than EUS. New wind tunnel models, load cycles, and integrated dynamics models would need to be produced and verified." A real competition? The irony in this document is that NASA said it would consider opening up a competition for the SLS rocket's new upper stage in 2017. And then two years later it told a bidder that proposed a commercial, cheaper upper stage that its bid failed because NASA and Boeing had already designed their rocket around Boeing's proposal. This seems like less than a fair competition. Moreover, NASA is already procuring an interim upper stage for the SLS rocket from United Launch Alliance, a company co-owned by Boeing and Lockheed Martin. United Launch Alliance has extensive experience with the RL-10 engine and building upper stages. It also has tooling and factory space for this purpose, and it likely would have been cheaper and faster for NASA to contract with ULA. However, this would have meant that Boeing had to share any profits from the upper stage with Lockheed. As a result, NASA has gone with a contractor that significantly under-performed on the SLS core stage, which is years behind schedule, billions of dollars over budget, and yet to prove itself in flight. Now it has bet the future of its deep space exploration program for at least the next decade on the same company. NASA fans can only hope that Boeing builds rockets as well as it does lobbying coalitions. Eric Berger Eric Berger is the senior space editor at Ars Technica, covering everything from astronomy to private space to NASA. A certified meteorologist, Eric lives in Houston. Email eric.berger@arstechnica.com // Twitter @SciGuySpace DannyB Ars Tribunus Militum reply Tue Nov 05, 2019 9:38 am A single launch for $2 Billion !?!? Do you have any idea what SpaceX could do for $2 Billion? 1580 posts \| registered Aug 5, 2010 Pusher of Buttons Ars Scholae Palatinae "modifications to the VAB building height and substantial cost and schedule delays." How on earth could modifying a buildings height be a "substantial cost" on a project like this? If you can save a billion dollars per launch, I'd wager you could afford some building alterations..... Asinine. Kilroy420 Ars Tribunus Militum This situation has the reek of politics and maintaining space launch/aerospace jobs in preferred markets and states. Otherwise, it makes little sense to choose a more expensive solution rather than the more economical one. Launches and the movement of materials/people to space is wholly facilitated by reusable, cheaper solutions. I cannot fathom how $2B per launch is going to be successful in the long run for this launch platform. 2002 posts \| registered Apr 3, 2012 EricBerger Space Guy DannyB wrote: Bear in mind, that $2 billion cost for an SLS Block 1B launch vehicle does not include development costs, and almost certainly is too low. 748 posts \| registered Oct 26, 2015 EricBerger wrote: Bear in mind, that $2 billion cost for an SLS Block 1B launch vehicle does not include develop costs, and almost certainly is too low. This makes the decision even worse. NASA should be trying to find the most economical route without relinquishing safety, reliability and reuse capabilities. JohnDeL Ars Scholae Palatinae Yes, let us avoid cost overruns and schedule delays, by all means. After all, the SLS is chugging along, right on time and on budget! Yet more evidence that NASA needs to get out of the rocket business and leave it to business. Strange that the pro-private enterprise party doesn't see it that way, isn't it? caldepen Ars Praefectus Does anyone out there think any of these kinds of decisions are fair and above board? Not a chance. bruindrummer Ars Centurion et Subscriptor What an absolute cluster fuck. Kevinv Ars Praetorian et Subscriptor Pretty sure NASA wants to make sure Boeing isn't sunk by the 737 MAX disaster I love the smell of SLS in the morning... smells like... pork. 1Zach1 Ars Centurion NASA could have (probably) also lowered SLS costs if they had written and enforced a proper contract that held Boeing to milestone checks, with proper kill points and penalty clause's. Not just giving them all the time and money in the world while writing bonus checks for missed milestones. Bodacious Wise, Aged Ars Veteran et Subscriptor Kilroy420 wrote: And the whole thing ends up at the bottom of the ocean every time. If SpaceX succeeds with Starship and BO with New Glenn, the SLS will seem not only incredibly expensive, but also incredibly antiquated. Heck, it already seems antiquated. I'm still in the group that has doubts about SLS flying more than once. UserIDAlreadyInUse Ars Tribunus Militum et Subscriptor For the money they've already spent on SLS, I feel they could have left launch to other companies and focussed on creating an Alcubierre drive...and had as much to show for it as they do for the SLS to date. Isn't the SLS the way it is because it was shoved down NASA's throat by members of Congress because they need / want pork in their districts? If so, I'm not surprised, considering how one can bitch and moan about fiscal responsibility, private competition, etc .all they want, but nothing sells better to members of Congress than pork barrel spending in their districts. They lap it up like an alchie goes after spilled vodka. henador Wise, Aged Ars Veteran That's $2B/launch to send EUS+Orion into space. What about hardware like the Gateway, lunar landers, etc.? peterford Ars Scholae Palatinae et Subscriptor Not entirely sure I've understood, Nasa announced the total cost for development and flight of 8 Exploration Upper Stages was $8.6 Billion? And the justification for not going for Blue Origin - where the total engine cost at least are 1/4 the RL-10 option -was that it would have a different thrust / ISP balance and dimensions and so 1) cost more due to building and capsule design changes 2) hence cause development delays 3) have slightly less capacity That is a prime example of "it must meet the specs already agreed with this prior supplier" then. And 1) is quite a bold claim unless Boeing where stood there with an invoice and a raised eyebrow that says this is going up faster than the rocket will. reply Tue Nov 05, 2019 10:00 am henador wrote: Not that they should even be building a Gateway - because they shouldn't - but it looks like they may actually use commercial providers for launching at least some of the various modules. Edit: that link actually is talking about delivering cargo to LG. See this arstechnica article for the reference to launching actual LG modules: Under these plans, human crews would launch on NASA's Space Launch System rocket, which would propel the Orion spacecraft and its crew toward a Lunar Gateway at the Moon. Prior to this crewed mission in late 2024, commercial rockets would launch elements of that Gateway, as well as components of the lander that would take humans from the Gateway down to the Moon's surface. Last edited by Bodacious on Tue Nov 05, 2019 10:04 am JerryLove Ars Scholae Palatinae et Subscriptor The much more capable Block 1b of the SLS rocket will stand apart from these private rockets. So a hypothetical future rocket outperforms an existing rocket? How about comparing the Block 1b to the (looks closer to completion than the SLS) BFR? normally butters Ars Tribunus Militum NASA is open to any upper stage as long as it's the same diameter, length, mass, specific impulse, and thrust as the Exploration Upper Stage. What's unfair about that? /s This is why NASA's style of procuring pieces of an interdependent system is fundamentally broken. Rockets are not LEGOs. They can't be easily pulled apart and snapped back together with different pieces. SLS is the ultimately example of the LEGO Rocket Fallacy. Either Boeing can deliver the whole launch system within a reasonable amount of schedule slip and cost escalation, or they can't, and if NASA can't rely on a company like Boeing to deliver a project like this, then they shouldn't be awarding development contracts to a single prime contractor. They either need to commission two competing super-heavy launch systems or decide that on second thought maybe they can use existing launch systems instead. SolarMane Ars Centurion Boeing and other defense contractors have a truly awful record of cost overruns. The projected $2 billion a pop price is almost certainly too low. I suggest something like $4 - 5 billion to be a better estimate. EDIT: At these kinds of costs, NASA should be able to build the launch system by itself and still save money. Last edited by SolarMane on Tue Nov 05, 2019 10:06 am 334 posts \| registered Dec 1, 2016 Alienfanatic Smack-Fu Master, in training I guess this is the problem when Senators sign your paychecks. There is far too much influence wielded by Boeing, Lockheed, and the numerous regional suppliers. Every cost-saving measure NASA might attempt will be headed off by entrenched and politically-connected players as they continue to suckle at NASA's teat. Were there honest competition, the SLS would never have made it past the planning stages. We've created an artificial timeline to (again) land on the moon as some kind of nationalist gesture when in all likelihood we could fly there cheaper, more often, safely, and with an eye to the real prize--Mars--just beyond that. Instead, we're handing buckets of money to companies whose entire purpose is to extract more money for worse performance. Ridiculous. dwrd Ars Praetorian et Subscriptor This is the sunk cost fallacy in action. 809 posts \| registered Sep 9, 2017 I wonder if SpaceX will be able to eventually lower the price of a SS/SH launch delivering 150 tons to LEO under that of a single RL10 engine. PottedMeat Ars Scholae Palatinae the profits on those RL-10s must be mind blowing maybe this is all just a experiment to see what's the most expensive way we can throw 4x RS-25s into the atlantic RobStow Ars Praetorian et Subscriptor If they had just taken all the money they have spent and will continue spend on SLS and stacked it on the ground they would have reached orbit already. 523 posts \| registered Dec 15, 2016 wagnerrp Ars Tribunus Angusticlavius et Subscriptor JerryLove wrote: I wouldn't say that. The first core is recently finished. The SRBs were already tested long ago. The upper stage is basically just an off-the-shelf unit with a custom interstage. There shouldn't be much left to do to get SLS airborne. If the speed of progress on SS were typical of the industry, we would be seeing EM-1 by the end of the year. ultimato Seniorius Lurkius "Moreover, NASA says, the total height of the SLS rocket's core stage with Blue Origin's upper stage exceeds the height of the Vertical Assembly Building's door, resulting in "modifications to the VAB building height and substantial cost and schedule delays." This is a perfect example of why engineers should question their constraints. Here the design constraint of the rocket is dictated by the height of a glorified warehouse whose only purpose is to store said rocket. That is some mind-numbingly backwards thinking right there. 13 posts \| registered Jun 8, 2010 PottedMeat wrote: AJR is as old space as old space gets. Monopoly supplier to old space expensive expendables. Very low production rate. Basically hand built, hand welded construction little changed over 40+ years. They are making some noises about updating to post millenium manufacturing and lowering RL10 prices but that remains to be seen. A typical figure mentioned for an RL10 price is ~$16m. That is for a 25k lbf hydrolox LRE. For comparison the FFSC Raptor with 200+ tf thrust costs SpaceX under $1m each with the volume production goal of $250k. For an engine designed to be re-used 100's of times between servicing. Last edited by greybeardengineer on Tue Nov 05, 2019 10:14 am p0larbar3 Seniorius Lurkius The more I read about the SLS, the less I have confidence in NASA; which is depressing on so many levels. 9 posts \| registered Jun 30, 2007 “Let’s be very honest. We don’t have a commercially available heavy-lift vehicle. The Falcon 9 Heavy may some day come about. It’s on the drawing board right now. SLS is real.” -- NASA Administator Charlie Bolden, 2014 Everybody is entitled to their own reality I suppose? MtnFozzer Ars Centurion et Subscriptor Finally, the agency says the BE-3U engine's higher stage thrust would result in an increase to the end-of-life acceleration of the Orion spacecraft and a significant impact to the Orion solar array design. Am I correct in reading this as "BE-3U goes too fast," as in, the Orion setup is not designed to be pushed that hard? I'm really not getting this one. Any help here, boffins? Also, a cost justification document that redacts the cost? You're making it harder and harder for me to be on your side, NASA. Khuzon Smack-Fu Master, in training Moreover, NASA says, the total height of the SLS rocket's core stage with Blue Origin's upper stage exceeds the height of the Vertical Assembly Building's door, resulting in "modifications to the VAB building height and substantial cost and schedule delays." I almost spit Coca-Cola over my laptop after reading this. This is coming from the same agency that is funding the 4 year delayed and hundreds of millions in cost over-run program. 43 posts \| registered Apr 18, 2015 mhalpern Ars Centurion the EUS costs $880m? I grossly underestimated it, I usually compared it to a full F9, not more than a D4H!!!! Frodo Douchebaggins Ars Tribunus Militum I'll never be able to say this enough: Fuck you, Richard Shelby. 2110 posts \| registered Dec 16, 2012 MtnFozzer wrote: just the Human space exploration side of NASA. Orion is supposed to loiter for a bit in an elliptical orbit to do system checks, prior to the TLI burn. It's going to be there long enough that it needs to properly deploy. Unfolded solar panels are generally not designed for high Gs. Basically, the capsule was minmaxed to follow the design of the launch vehicle. Four RL-10s gives you 440kN of thrust, with the potential of dropping to 220kN and then throttling further if need be. One BE-3U will do 710kN. well RL10 is likely very reusable too, but SpaceX uses economies of scale and mass production practices like no other producer of large rocket engines. scooternva Ars Centurion et Subscriptor Orion was designed for a particular acceleration profile, and is able to withstand just so many of those accelerations and decelerations before its structure is deemed end-of-life. (Kind of like how airliners are rated for only so many takeoff/landing cycles.) If you increase the G-forces on a capsule structure designed for a more gentle acceleration profile, you’re going to shorten the useful life of the capsule. odikweos Ars Praetorian At this point NASA should focus entirely on supporting and enabling private industry, since at least industry has shown it can achieve sane results. I'm saying that as someone who thinks healthcare should be nationalized and regulation as a general matter hugely increased in this country. NASA is just a multi decade failure that should be wound down -- it's not fixable and wastes our taxes.	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line858
__label__cc	0.652944	0.347056	The Cy-Fair Educational Foundation ("CFEF") is an educational non-profit 501(c)3 organization chartered under the laws of the state of Texas on May 20, 1970 to provide scholarships for qualified graduates of the Cypress-Fairbanks Independent School District. STUDENT APPLYING MUST BE A GRADUATING SENIOR IN CYPRESS FAIRBANKS ISD. All students applying must be a graduating Senior from Cypress Fairbanks ISD. The deadline to apply is January 28, 2020. Students must provide supporting documentation to their counselors by February 4, 2020 or their application will be considered incomplete. If you previously submitted an application and would like to update it before the deadline, enter the email address and password you used. Part One: Personal Information I am currently a graduating SENIOR at which High School Campus: - Select - Bridgeland Cy-Fair Cypress Creek Cypress Falls Cypress Lakes Cypress Park Cypress Ranch Cypress Ridge Cypress Springs Cypress Woods Jersey Village Langham Creek The Leonard Brautigam Center If applicable, please select one of the following if you live in such community Bridgeland Towne Lake Are you a US Citizen? Yes No If NO, do you intend on becoming a US Citizen? Yes No Which college(s) do you plan to attend? (Hold the Control key down when selecting multiple colleges) Abilene Christian University Baylor University Blinn College Colorado School of Mines Dallas Baptist University Houston Baptist University Lamar University Lone Star College Louisiana State University Prairie View A&M University Rice University Sam Houston State University Southern Methodist University (SMU) St. Edwards University Stephen F. Austin (SFA) Texas A&M University – College Station Texas A&M University – Galveston Texas A&M University (other campus) Texas Christian University (TCU) Texas State University Texas Southern University Texas Tech University Trinity University University of Dallas University of Houston University of Incarnate Word University of North Texas University of St. Thomas University of Texas – Arlington University of Texas – Austin University of Texas – Dallas University of Texas – San Antonio University of Texas – Tyler University of Texas (other campus) West Texas A&M University Other Please specify "other" colleges in the box below What major/field of study will you pursue? (Hold the Control key down when selecting multiple majors) Accounting Advertising Architecture Art History Animal Science Biology Business Chemistry Criminal Justice Computer Engineering Computer Science Construction Management Dance Pre-Dentistry Fashion Merchandising Economics Education Engineering English Environmental Science Fashion Merchandising Finance Foreign Language Forestry Human Resources Journalism Kinesiology/Physiology Landscape Architecture Marketing Mathematics Music Nursing Parks/Rec/Leisure Facilities Management Physics Pre-Law Pre-Med Psychology Public Utilities Sport Management Supply Chain Other Please specify "other" majors in the box below Are you pursuing a career as a Fire Fighter Other 1st Responder Indicate the total number of accelerated classes taken in high school from the list below (refer to your transcript): (K, DC, H, AP) If uncertain of the accelerated classes you have taken and/or your class rank, please refer to your high school transcript (attainable through your counselor). (H, DC, AP) What is your current cumulative grade point average (GPA)? What is your current cumulative grade point average (GPA) percentile? Upper 5% (1-5%) Upper 10% (6-10%) 1st Quarter (11-25%) 2nd Quarter (26-50%) 3rd Quarter (51-75%) 4rd Quarter (76-100%) List your actual numerical class rank (eg. 20 out of 712) Are you the first family member to attend college? Yes No Please check EACH scholarships you wish to apply for: 1. Cy-Fair Educational Foundation Scholarships and Endowments - Scholarships will be awarded at each high school. Number of awards and amount to be determined by the available funds. Scholarships are anticipated to be in the amounts of $2,000 and $10,000 disbursed over a two-year period. 2. Eric Bassett Memorial Scholarship - One scholarship awarded in the estimated amount of $20,000 funded over a four year period to a senior of Cy-Falls High School or Cy-Fair High School who will attend Texas A & M University. You must have submitted an application and transcript to Texas A & M University to be considered for this scholarship. 3. Cecil Hall Scholarship - Two scholarships awarded over four years with an estimated award amount of $20,000 to CFISD students who will attend Texas A & M University. You must have submitted an application and transcript to Texas A & M University to be considered for this scholarship. 4. Adam Jackson Skinner Memorial Scholarship - One scholarship awarded to a student from CFISD with high school drama, choir, team sports or debate participation. Estimated award of $15,000 funded over two years provided the student meets the annual requirements. 5. Dynegy Scholarship - One scholarship in the estimated amount of $500 awarded to a deserving student of CFISD. 6. Watson Family Foundation Scholarship - One scholarship in the estimated amount of $500 awarded to a deserving student of CFISD. 7. Cypress Fairbanks Medical Center Hospital Scholarship - One scholarship in the estimated amount of $1,500 awarded to a CFISD student who will pursue studies in the healthcare field. 8. Kevin Borgfeldt Memorial Scholarship - One scholarship in the estimated amount of $500 awarded to a student of Cy-Fair High School. Student to receive this award must be in the band program. 9. Charles Cook Memorial Scholarship - One scholarship in the estimated amount of $500 awarded to a FFA student from Cy-Fair High School. 10. John & Cheryl Johns Scholarship - One scholarship in the estimated amount of $20,000 awarded to a student pursuing a degree from the University of Texas at Austin. 11. Terry Taylor Memorial Award - An award in the estimated amount of $5,000 for a student pursuing a major in criminal justice. 12. Toshiba Endowment Award - Three awards in the estimated amount of $5,000 for students pursuing a major in science, technology, engineering or math. 13. Edwin C. Schroeder Trust Scholarship(s) - Awards in the estimated amount of $1,500 for students attending a campus of the Lone Star College system. Awards available starting in the fall semester and total awards determined based on available funding. 14. CFEF Leonard Brautigam Center Scholarship - Two scholarships in the amount of $1,500 each awarded twice a year to a Leonard Brautigam Center graduate. 15. In Memory of David Boatright - One scholarship in the estimated amount of $2,000 awarded to a Cypress Falls High School student with community service or service over academics. 16. The Bridgeland Council Endowment - One scholarship in the estimated amount of $5,000 awarded to a Cypress Fairbanks ISD senior that is a resident of Bridgeland. 17. In Memory of William S. Jackson & Marie L. Ingle - One scholarship in the estimated amount of $2,000 awarded to a Cypress Fairbanks ISD senior that will be attending the University of Texas. 18. Paul R. & Nancy G. Borneman Memorial Scholarship - One scholarship in the estimated amount of $2,000 awarded to a Cypress Fairbanks ISD senior that will be attending the University of Houston and shall be pursuing a degree in Education. 19. In Memory of Christine E. George - One scholarship in the estimated amount of $2,000 awarded to a Langham Creek Student who plans to pursue a teaching degree with a major in English, Music or History. 20. Cypress Running Club - Two scholarships in the estimated amount of $2,000 awarded to one boy and one girl who are currently in cross country at a CFISD High School. 21. InterLinc Family Foundation Scholarship - Two scholarships estimated at $32,000 for two graduating seniors from Cypress-Fairbanks ISD paid over 4 years. 22. The James C. Spillane Endowed Scholarship for Construction Science - One scholarship awarded in the estimated amount of $2000 to a graduating CFISD senior who will be attending Texas A&M University and majoring in Construction Science. 23. Stephen P. Hajduk Memorial Scholarship - One scholarship in the estimated amount of $2,000 awarded to a Cypress-Fairbanks ISD senior attending an accredited Texas College or University planning to pursue a career as a Fireman or a Policeman. 24. Towne Lake Endowment by Caldwell Companies - One $5,000 scholarship for a student who lives in Towne Lake. 25. Cypress Fairbanks Medical Center Auxiliary - One scholarship in the estimated amount of $6,500 for a student who is pursuing a degree in the medical field. 26. In Honor of Jadi Johnson - One scholarship in the estimated amount of $2,000 for a Cypress Creek student who is planning to attend Texas A&M University. Part Two: Financial Information This section applies to Applicant and Parent(s)/Guardian(s) If you are chosen as a finalist, your acceptance is subject to the CFEF verification of your submitted high school transcript and tax return information. Household Status: Single Parent/Guardian Household Two-Parent/Guardian Household – One Parent/Guardian Works Two-Parent/Guardian Household – Both Parents/Guardians Work If one parent/guardian works and the other is disabled and receiving disability income, then select the following option: Two-Parent/Guardian Household – Both Parents/Guardians Work The Adjusted Gross Income of my parent(s)/guardian(s) is: Under $30,000 $30,001 - $50,000 $50,001 - $70,000 $70,001 - $90,000 Over $90,000 Please supply your parent's adjusted gross income as shown on last year's federal income tax return. Parent/Guardian #1: Name Parent/Guardian #1: Employer Do your parents or Guardian(s) receive any (i) Social Security payments, or (ii) alimony or child support, or (iii) disability payments, or (iv) any other source of financial support? If yes, what and how much per year? Do your Parent(s) or Guardian(s) have any other income from other sources to pay for Applicant’s educational expenses? This includes savings, grants or scholarships already awarded. If yes, please list what and how much. Indicate your work activities and employer for each. After School On The Weekends During Christmas Summer Vacation All of the above Do Not Work Do you contribute to your family income in any other manner? If yes, please explain. Do you contribute to your family income by paying for any of your car, insurance, or personal expenses? If yes, how much per month? Please list below all people who receive support from the head of your household. This should include both those people living with you and those that do not live with you, but who your family supports in some way (for example, a brother or sister away at college). BE SURE TO INCLUDE YOURSELF. Include Name, Age, Relationship, Employment or School Number of children in your immediate family (INCLUDING YOURSELF) under the age of 19 who are NOT in college? Number of children in your immediate family (EXCLUDING YOURSELF) between the ages of 19 – 25 who ARE in college? Part Three: Activities Information List on this page the names of all organizations, societies, and/or clubs that you have been or are presently a member of during your 9th, 10th, 11th, or 12th grade years. Also include religious activities, community service involvement, honors, leadership positions or special recognitions you have received. Have you been involved in at least 3 separate school activities? (You must list these activities) Yes No Have you been a member of the National Honor Society (NHS)? Yes No List School Organizations, Societies and Clubs: Have you been involved in at least 1 community activity? (You must list activity) Yes No List Community organizations, community service, community activities that you participate in: Have you been involved in at least 2 church/place of worship activities? (You must list church and activity) Yes No If Applicable, Name of Church or Place of Worship Attending: List other Church or Place of Worship Activities: Have you been an officer of a student organization, other than President? (You must list organization and position) Yes No Have you been the top ranking leader of an extracurricular activity? For example, president, captain, drum major, head cheerleader, drill team colonel, etc. (You must list leadership position) Yes No List Honors and Awards: List Leadership Positions Held: List all community activities you are involved with: Part Four: Applicant Essay In the space below, the STUDENT/APPLICANT is to write a grammatically correct essay which provides background information you feel would demonstrate why you are deserving of a scholarship and financial assistance. Please include any special circumstances that may help to qualify you for student aid. Please include your career/educational/life goals. This is an important and critical section used in the evaluation of your application, so please use this as an opportunity to be thorough and provide reasons why you should be a selected applicant. (Essay space expands) Your Essay Part Five: Confirm and Submit I certify that all information supplied on this application is factual and correct to the best of my knowledge and I agree to inform the CFEF of any changes that occur that affect the information supplied on this application. I understand that my application is not final until my high school transcript and a copy of my parent(s) most recent available federal income tax return is provided to the CFEF through the high school counseling staff. I understand that CFEF shall provide scholarships in accordance with its program for maximum outside funding sources (scholarships, grants, etc.), which CFEF reserves the right to adjust in its sole discretion. Currently our maximum outside funding source for students with scholarships greater than $1,000 is an amount equal to $25,000 in total. How did you hear about the CFEF and its scholarships? School Counselor School Administrator Parent CFEF Member Friend School Paper Other Please provide a password. This will be used with your email address to make changes until the deadline date. Password for application If not a US Citizen, how long have you resided in the USA? Are you a foreign exchange student? Yes No What are your career/educational/life goals? Have you filled out your FAFSA (Free Application for Federal Student Aid)? No Yes Copyright © 2006. All rights reserved by the Cy-Fair Educational Foundation PO Box 1698, Cypress, TX 77410-1698 \| office: 281.370.0144 \| fax: 832.634.3434	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line860
__label__wiki	0.531629	0.531629	Chapter by Chapter <a href="http://archiveofourown.org/works/21149162"><strong>The wizard, the goddess and the philosopher's stone</strong></a> (19280 words) by <a href="http://archiveofourown.org/users/Fantasticoncer"><strong>Fantasticoncer</strong></a><br />Chapters: 13/13<br />Fandom: <a href="http://archiveofourown.org/tags/Harry%20Potter%20-%20Jd%20Kd%20Rowling">Harry Potter - J. K. Rowling</a>, <a href="http://archiveofourown.org/tags/Norse%20Religion%20a%20Lore">Norse Religion & Lore</a><br />Rating: Teen And Up Audiences<br />Warnings: Creator Chose Not To Use Archive Warnings<br />Relationships: Luna Lovegood/Harry Potter, Lily Evans Potter/Severus Snape, Hermione Granger/Ron Weasley<br />Characters: Harry Potter, Hel \| Hela (Norse Religion & Lore), Severus Snape, Ron Weasley, Hermione Granger, Albus Dumbledore, Draco Malfoy, Minerva McGonagall, Ragnok (Harry Potter), Filius Flitwick, Remus Lupin, Lucius Malfoy, Narcissa Black Malfoy<br />Additional Tags: Alternate Universe - Canon Divergence, Good Severus Snape, Severitus \| Severus Snape is Harry Potter's Parent, Harry Potter Has a Twin, Severus Snape Has a Heart, Father-Son Relationship, Father-Daughter Relationship, Alternate Universe - Soulmates, Sane Voldemort (Harry Potter), Albus Dumbledore Bashing, Evil Albus Dumbledore, Manipulative Albus Dumbledore, Ron Weasley Bashing, Evil Ron Weasley, Hermione Granger Bashing, Molly Weasley Bashing, Ginny Weasley Bashing, Fluff and Angst, Brother-Sister Relationships, Supportive Harry, Smart Harry Potter, Book 1: Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone, Dark Harry, Good Malfoy Family (Harry Potter), Protective Severus Snape, Parent Severus Snape, Family Fluff, Family Bonding<br />Series: Part 1 of <a href="http://archiveofourown.org/series/1185539">The goddess, the goat and the lion</a><br />Summary: <p>Harry Potter learns the truth during his first visit at Gringotts. Now, with his twin sister Helena, their father and several new friends, they have to survive their first year at Hogwarts and watch out for Dumbledore's schemes</p> Norse Religion & Lore Luna Lovegood/Harry Potter Lily Evans Potter/Severus Snape Hermione Granger/Ron Weasley Hel \| Hela (Norse Religion & Lore) Ragnok (Harry Potter) Filius Flitwick Remus Lupin Lucius Malfoy Narcissa Black Malfoy Good Severus Snape Severitus \| Severus Snape is Harry Potter's Parent Harry Potter Has a Twin Severus Snape Has a Heart Father-Son Relationship Father-Daughter Relationship Sane Voldemort (Harry Potter) Albus Dumbledore Bashing Evil Albus Dumbledore Manipulative Albus Dumbledore Ron Weasley Bashing Evil Ron Weasley Hermione Granger Bashing Molly Weasley Bashing Ginny Weasley Bashing Brother-Sister Relationships Supportive Harry Smart Harry Potter Book 1: Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone Dark Harry Good Malfoy Family (Harry Potter) Protective Severus Snape Parent Severus Snape Family Fluff Part 1 of the The goddess, the goat and the lion series Next Work → The wizard, the goddess and the philosopher's stone Fantasticoncer Harry Potter learns the truth during his first visit at Gringotts. Now, with his twin sister Helena, their father and several new friends, they have to survive their first year at Hogwarts and watch out for Dumbledore's schemes Chapter 1: Goblins and family Disclaimer: I don't own anything that you recognise. Helena and Harry were walking through the bank, trying to take everything in at once. Their guide Hagrid, had just saved them from their relatives and Helena hoped that they would never have to go back. They were about to go to the vaults when a goblin stopped them. "Miss and Mr Potter would you please follow me. There is something we need to discuss. Mr Hagrid, you can wait outside." Hagrid looked like he was about to protest, but one sharp look from the goblin shut him up. They were led towards an office and sat down. "Mr and Miss Potter, my name is Ragnok and I look after your vaults. I have to say that I am glad to see you here, because there is a lot that we have to discuss." The goblin said seriously. The twins looked at each other nervously. Ragnok laid a piece of parchment in front of them and gave them a needle. "Would you please prick your finger and let drops of blood fall on the parchment? The wounds will heal instantly." Ragnok instructed them. Helena took the needle and after weighing her options, carefully pricked her finger. Three drops fell on the parchment and the wound closed automatically. The parchment glowed and words appeared on it. Curious, Helena leaned over the parchment and read it. Helena Potter- Snape Mother (biological): Lily Potter- Snape. (Deceased) Father (biological) Severus Snape. (Alive) Father (adoptive) James potter. (Deceased) Godfather Remus Lupin. (Werewolf, alive) Godmother Narcissa Malloy néé Black. (Alive) Ravenclaw; Hufflepuff; Le Fay. Vaults and possessions Ravenclaw: vault 13, Ravenclaw diadem (horcrux, Tom Riddle), Ravenclaw castle (backhill, Scotland), 1/4 of Hogwarts castle. Hufflepuff: vault 12, Hufflepuff castle (Bedlinog, Wales), Hufflepuff cup (horcrux, Tom Riddle), 1/4 of Hogwarts castle. Le Fay: vault 2, Le Fay castle (Adara, Ireland), magic staff. Occlumency: blocked 80% by Albus Dumbledore. November 1981 Parselmouth: blocked 50% by Albus Dumbledore. November 1981 Soulbond: (soulmate: unknown) blocked 100% by Albus Dumbledore (fake marriage contract made to Ronald Weasley, signed by Albus Dumbledore November 1981) Animagus: blocked 100% by Albus Dumbledore. November 1981 Potions and curses: Loyalty potion (keyed to Albus Dumbledore, Ronald Weasley, Molly Weasley. Administered by Albus Dumbledore November 1981) Hate potion (against: Slytherin, Severus Snape, dark arts. Administered by Albus Dumbledore November 1981) Compulsion to listen to everything Albus Dumbledore says. (Cast by Albus Dumbledore November 1981) Compulsion to be submissive (cast by Albus Dumbledore November 1981) Helena looked in shock at the parchment. They had a father?! All this time, they actually had a father. She growled. She would ask the goblins to look in on that later. She perked up in confusion. Where had that behaviour and thought come from? She didn't know anything about goblins, before today and yes, she was angry, but she never reacted like that. Maybe it had to do with those compulsions or something. Shaking her head, she looked back at the parchment. She had a soulmate? The parchment didn't say who it was, however. She looked at Ragnok. "What does that mean "soulmate unknown"?" She asked. The goblin looked thoughtful. "That means, miss Snape, that your soulmate is not from this world. If he or she was, our magic would provide you with his or her name. I am afraid that you will have to find out yourself who they are, once we have all these nasty blocks removed and you get your soulmark when you turn fifteen." The goblin replied. Helena nodded, feeling a tiny bit disappointed. She hated that she had to wait to find out who her soulmate was, but she couldn't do anything about it. She sighed deeply in annoyance, although she knew that the goblins couldn't do anything about it either and that it wasn't their fault at all that Fate seemed to always be against her. She sighed again before looking over at her brother's parchment: Harry Potter - Snape Godfather: Sirius Black. (Alive. In Azkaban, illegally.) Godmother: Alice Longbottom. (Alive ) Gryffindor; Slytherin; Black (heir); Emerys; Gryffindor: vault 10, Gryffindor manor (Godric's hollow, England), sword of Gryffindor, 1/4 of Hogwarts castle. Slytherin: vault 11, Slytherin castle ( Norfolk, England), locket of Slytherin (horcrux, Tom Riddle), 1/4 of Hogwarts castle. Emerys: vault 1, Emerys castle (Wiltshire, England) magic staff. Peverell: vault 20, 21, 22, Peverell manor, (York, England) Elder wand, resurrection stone, cloak of invisibility. Abillities: Parselmouth : blocked 50% by Albus Dumbledore, November 1981; Occlumency: blocked 90% by Albus Dumbledore, November 1981; Soulbond: (soulmate: Luna Lovegood) blocked 100% by Albus Dumbledore, November 1981 (fake marriage contract to Ginevra Weasley, signed by Albus Dumbledore, November 1981); Animagus: blocked 100% by Albus Dumbledore, November 1981 Compulsions and potions: Compulsion spell to be reckless (cast by Albus Dumbledore November 1981) Helena huffed. Of course, her brother would immediately get to know who his soulmate was, but she had to wait. Looking back at the goblin, she could see that he was angry. He stood up and ordered another goblin to ready a healing room. He sat back down, muttering to himself. It took him a few moments before he noticed that Helena had raised a hand in silent question. He shook his head. "Yes miss Snape?" He asked politely. "Erm sir? What will happen now?" She asked shyly. The goblin thought for a few moments, before answering. "Now miss Snape, we will get all those nasty blocks, potions and spells out of you, before we will continue. Hopefully by then, your father will be here." The twins looked at each other nervously. They hoped that their father would be nice to them. Ragnok wasn't done, entirely. "But before we remove the blocks, this parchment appeared in my drawer, when miss Snape put her blood on the parchment." He said, holding out another parchment. Helena stared at it, before reaching out to grab it. However, the minute that she touched it, her mind was immediately assaulted by a flood of voices, pictures and sounds. She gripped her head, groaning in pain. Harry and Ragnok both looked at her in concern. The goblin grabbed the piece of parchment and read the words that had appeared on it, his eyes widening. Helena was taking deep breaths to fight the pounding headache, her brother rubbing her back in an attempt to help. After a few minutes, she calmed down. "I'm okay. I'm okay." She said taking one last deep breath. Harry looked at her, not believing her, but letting it go for now. His sister could be very stubborn about this, insisting that she was fine, until she literally dropped to the ground. He turned back to Ragnok, keeping a careful eye on his sister. "What does the parchment say, mister Ragnok?" He asked. The goblin looked up from his muttering and turned the parchment around. On the parchment were several other words. Words that changed the twin's lives forever : Hela Lokidottir Mother (biological): Angrboða (Jotunn, deceased) Father (biological) Loki Laufeyson/Odinson. (Jotunn, alive) Brother (biological): Fenrir. (Alive) Brother (biological): Sleipnir. (Alive) Brother (biological): Jörmungandr. (Alive) Grandfather (adoptive): King Odin Borson. (Æsir, alive) Grandmother (adoptive): Queen Frigga. (Æsir, alive) Uncle (adoptive): Thor Odinson. (Æsir, alive) Liesmith; Goddess of death; Queen of Hellheim: Vaults and possessions: Liesmith: vault 5, Liesmith castle (Hordaland, Norway) Magic sceptre Elemental magic: (dormant) Norse magic: (dormant) Illusion magic; (dormant) Touch of death; (dormant) Soulbond: (active, soulmate unknown) Harry looked shocked at the parchment, before looking at his sister. "Are you alright?" He asked, seeing that Helena was still rubbing her temple. "Ugh, lots of memories coming back at once. Absolutely horrible." His sister muttered. Her head was still pounding away. She looked at her brother and there was awkward silence for a few seconds. Helena finally broke it "Hello, I am Hela." She said, holding out her hand.Harry shook it, still a bit confused. "As in the Norse goddess of death?" He asked. They had had lessons about the Vikings and their gods at school. Hela nodded. "Yes that would be me. I wanted to have a normal life, but if I have to believe this, that is not going to happen. I just hope that I will still find my soulmate." She said. Looking at the parchment, she frowned. "Even now. I do not know who he or she is." She muttered"Believe me Harry, you have no idea what it feels like to see everyone happy with their soulmates and knowing that a miracle had to occur for you to meet yours." She sighed, hiding her face in her hands. Harry looked at her in sympathy, still rubbing her back. That did sound like a terrible situation. At that moment, he knew that he would do his best to help his sister (Because for him, she still was his sister) find her soulmate. He would see her happy Helena looked at her brother with uncertainty "Are you alright with this?" She asked. Harry looked at her. "You're still my sister, right?" He asked. Helena smiled and nodded. Harry smiled back. "I'm good then. Besides, how many people can say that their sister is a goddess and speak the truth?" They both laughed at that. It would be weird for a while, but they would get used to it. "Does this mean that you're really powerful?" Harry asked. His sister shook her head. "Not right now. King Odin and queen Frigga were very clear about that. I will get my powers back on my seventeenth birthday." She replied. He nodded in understanding. Several minutes later, a man with dark hair and black eyes walked in. At first, he sneered at the twins, wondering what he was doing in the same room as them. It turned out that Dumbledore had put a spell on him, making him forget that they were his children. The goblins led them to another room, where they were all purged. Severus was the first and he looked green as the spells and potions left his system. Once the ritual was over, he immediately walked over to the nervous looking twins and kneeled down in front of them. "I'm so sorry. I never should've forgotten you. I'm so sorry." He whispered, gently reaching out to cup the faces of his children. He winced at seeing them flinch, cursing Dumbledore in his head for putting his children through this and already imagined several painful potions to put in the old man's food. A small body pressed against his and snapped him out of his thoughts. Looking down, he saw that Helena had walked closer and was now hugging him. He carefully wrapped his arm around her and pulled her closer. Harry cautiously joined them after a few seconds and Severus held them both close to his chest. After they had finally pulled apart, the twins were purged as well. Going back to the office, Severus explained that he had made up with James Potter after school and when he went to spy in Voldemort's ranks, the man pretended to be married to Lily to keep her safe. It wasn't until Severus heard about the prophecy that things went hazy. No one knew exactly what had happened, but Severus told then that it hadn't been the Dark Lord that had attacked them that night. "Dumbledore." Both twins growled at the same time and Severus nodded, having the same suspicion. His hand curled into a fist. The last thing that he remembered was going to warn Dumbledore that James, Lily, Helena and Harry were in danger. After that, it was a haze. He had lost his wife and he hadn't even been able to say goodbye. He just held his children close as they finished things up at the bank. Just a chapter to see if this is anything. Read and review. See you next time. Chapter 2: The train ride Helena let out a small sigh of relief as the train started to leave the station. She and Harry were sharing the compartment with their new friends Draco Malfoy and Neville Longbottom Their mothers were Helena's and Harry's godmother. Draco's mother Narcissa and her husband Lucius had been overjoyed to see them again as they hadn't been able to find them after the war. Severus also contacted Neville's grandmother Augusta as he knew that she had never been a big fan of Dumbledore. Finally, the last person that Severus had contacted was Helena's godfather, Remus Lupin. Seeing him brought up vague memories in Helena and Harry as he had been the only one who still visited them while they had been with James. The twins were happy to see their "uncle Moony" again and he was relieved to see them again. The twins and their father finally sat everyone down in the sitting room of Malfoy manor and after they all had sworn an oath of secrecy, they had told them where the twins had been. Remus had to do his best not to pay a visit to the Dursley family and rip them to shreds without even turning to his wolf form. The only thing that stopped him from doing so, was the fact that he could not help Helena and Harry from prison or even, considering everyone's hate for his kind, death. Augusta was absolutely disgusted and promised to help them as much as she could. As Severus house was not suited for children or even safe in general, they moved to Peverell manor in York. The castles of the founders, Morgana and Merlin, would only be accessible to them once they turned seventeen or became emancipated. The manor was hidden behind dozens, if not hundreds of wards and could not be found if you didn't know where it was. To be extra safe, they put the fidelius spell over the manor, Severus being the secret keeper. "Did you see the Weasley family on the other side of the portal? What on earth were they doing?" Neville asked. "Probably looking for us." Helena muttered and Harry groaned. "They probably won't stop looking, until they found us." He muttered and the others agreed, knowing about the fake and now, broken marriage contracts. Severus had adopted them back and used his right as their parent and guardian to declare the contracts null and void. Just as they thought it, the door to their compartment opened and what had to be one of the Weasley family rudely asked if they had seen Helena and Harry Potter, stating that they were to be his soulmate and best friend. "I don't know about you, but I thought that you only find out who your soulmate is at fifteen." Helena muttered, silently thanking the Norns that she won't have to marry this rude pig. "We belong together! You'll see, she will be my wife and we will put all of you disgusting snakes where you belong!" The weasel sneered, before slamming the door shut and storming away. "How stupid do you think he will feel tonight?" Neville asked. "You mean more stupid than he already is?" Helena asked sarcastically and everyone chuckled. As the boys started to talk, Helena thought of the day in Diagon Alley. ------------------- flashback ---------------- After their adoption, Harry and Helena got several heir rings that belonged to their titles and would protect them from spells and potions. For a price, the goblins made the rings invisible They collected the right amount of money from the Potter vault, before going back. They walked out of the bank and saw Hagrid still waiting for them. Severus told him to go back to the school and that he would handle everything from here. Hagrid reluctantly left them and the reunited family spent the rest of the afternoon buying the right supplies They both bought an owl, Harry a snowy white owl who he named Hedwig and Helena got a barn owl who she promptly named Athena. It was when they got their wands that things got really interesting. Helena got a cedar wand with dragon heartstring and harry got a yew one with a Phoenix feather. The man who sold the wands, Garrick Ollivander, told them that Dumbledore had told him to prepare two other wands for the twins. Harry's supposed wand was made of holly and had a Phoenix feather and Helena's was made of willow with an unicorn hair. "He even chose our wands? Norns and I thought that Odin had a problem with wanting to control everything." She muttered and the men laughed at her words. "I know, Ms Snape and that is why I am glad that you know the truth. I can't do much, but to warn you about Dumbledore and to never be alone with him." Ollivander said. The twins nodded and thanked him, before leaving the shop after having paid for their wands. "Why willow?" Helena muttered. "Well, I read once that wands that are made of this wood are usually healers. Maybe, Dumbledore wanted to force you to be a healer at St. Mungo's." Severus speculated. "If he doesn't kill us first." Harry muttered and his father and sister agreed with him. Once they were done, Severus took them to Malfoy manor to meet the family living there. -------------------- end flashback ------------------- "Are you alright Helena?" Harry suddenly asked, snapping her out of her thoughts. "Yeah, I'm fine. Just lost in thought." She said, just as the door opened again and a bossy looking girl was standing there. "Has anyone seen Harry and Helena Potter?" She asked in a haughty tone and the twins immediately didn't like her. They declined having seen them and she huffed. "They must be already in school for their own safety. Professor Dumbledore must have ensured it. I read all about them and the adventures they had. I can't wait for us to be friends." She stated, before walking away. "Great. A know-it-all. Uncle Severus is really going to love her." Draco said sarcastically. "And for how smart she presented herself, you would think that she would realise how fake those stories are. I mean, according to one of them, we defeated a basilisk at the age of five." Helena muttered. She and Harry had read some of the books in their spare time and they had laughed at the ridiculousness of it all. Their father had ordered the production of those books to stop and for the profit to go to charity as they had used his children's names and likeness without permission. The goblins took care of everything. He couldn't bring them to the station as he had to prepare himself for the semester, so the Malfoys took them instead and met up with the Longbottoms on the platform. Remus couldn't come that day, but he promised to be there next time. The lady with the candy trolley came by and they bought some of it. They saw both the know-it-all and Weasley walk by several times, clearly looking for the twins. "This is just pathetic." Harry muttered after the two had passed for the tenth time in the past hour. As they were not the children of James Potter, they didn't exactly look like the books described them. Harry's hair wasn't messy at all and Helena had red hair, not black. Hours passed and once a perfect told them to change, they did and waited to arrive at the station. Stepping out, they heard Hagrid calling out for the first years to follow him and they obediently listened, following him down to where several boats were waiting for them. The four of them climbed into one and once everyone was seated, the boats started to sail towards the magnificent castle that was Hogwarts. "And to think that we actually own all of that." Harry muttered. "You still have to explain some of them to me, like how you are the heirs of a certain witch and wizard of many centuries ago." Draco murmured in return. "Once we found a safe spot, we will." Helena promised and Draco nodded in agreement. For now, they just watched in awe as the castle got closer. They sailed into a small cave and got out. Hagrid led them to the front doors where a stern looking witch was waiting for them. She was professor Mcgonagall, head of Gryffindor house. Their father had warned them that while not as an devout follower like the Weasley family, she did listen to Dumbledore. She was also very strict and tolerated no nonsense. Seeing her in real life, the twins knew that their father had not exaggerated. Professor Mcgonagall led them to a smaller room and told them to wait. "Where do you think you'll go?" Helena asked to distract themselves. They discussed their hopes and expectations for the houses with each other as if they hadn't already done so during the summer. They met the ghosts of Hogwarts, before professor Mcgonagall returned and started to lead them. Harry and Helena shared a look and grabbed each other's hand as they prepared for the sorting. Chapter 3: Getting sorted Walking after professor Mcgonagall in a line, Helena and harry quickly found their father sitting at the head table. The man gave them a small, almost unnoticeable nod and they nodded back. Professor Mcgonagall put an ancient hat on a stool and it began to sing a song, before she called the students forward one-by-one on alphabetical order. The know-it-all, who was apparently named Hermione, was put in Gryffindor after a small fight with the hat. Draco was quickly put in Slytherin and Neville was put in Hufflepuff. This continued on, until they arrived at the letter "P." "Potter, Harry!" Professor Mcgonagall called out and whispers immediately started up. "Did she just say Potter? The Harry Potter?" The twins shared a look and rolled their eyes at the whispers as they stayed right where they were. Severus hid his smirk behind his hand as he let out a fake cough. Professor Mcgonagall tried again, but Harry didn't step forward. She shared a quick look with Dumbledore, who told her to continue on. "Potter, Helena!" She called out and whispers started up again, while Helena inspected her nails in a bored way. The Weasley boy was frantically looking around for his "future soulmate." Seeing that she wasn't stepping forward either, professor Mcgonagall continued with the sorting. It was at the "S" that she sputtered for the first time. "Snape, Harry!" She called out and behind her, Dumbledore stiffened in shock and panic. How could this be? They weren't supposed to know their true father. He glanced at Severus and got an ice-cold glare in return. "Finally." Harry muttered as he walked forwards. Professor Mcgonagall silently put the hat on his head. "Well, what do we have here? One of the founders' heirs and chosen by Lady Magic to be Merlin's heir as well. My goodness, what an intriguing mind you have. Now, where to put you." The sorting hat said in Harry's head. 'Not Gryffindor. Not Gryffindor.' Harry said mentally and the hat chuckled. "Don't worry, young heir. You clearly don't belong there. It better be SLYTHERIN!!!" The hat shouted out the last word and the green table burst out into applause as Harry joined them. He quickly looked at his father and the man gave him a proud nod. He briefly smiled at him as he sat down and started talking with Draco. Ron Weasley was horrified. Harry Potter couldn't be a snake! That was impossible! And why did he have a different name? He must have been kidnapped and brainwashed by that filthy death eater. Yes, that must be it! There was no other logical conclusion in his mind. He suddenly realised that he had seen him on the train with Malfoy and Longbottom. Why hadn't he said anything to him? Dumbledore was just as lost as he watched several of his plans be destroyed before they could even come into fruition. Harry Potter didn't belong in Slytherin. Had Severus already corrupted him that much? He would have a talk with his spy later and order him to sign guardianship over to him. He needed Harry and Helena to be the perfect, malleable pawns for his plan. How else could he stay in power? "Snape, Helena!" Professor Mcgonagall called out and Helena finally walked towards the stool and got the hat put on as well. "Another heir to the founders and also Morgana. Why and look at this! The queen of the dead herself. It is an honour, queen Hela." The hat said respectfully. 'Thanks, but you keep your mouth or however you talk shut about this, you hear me?' Helena thought threateningly and the hat chuckled."Do not worry, Your Majesty. The founders put dozens of spells on me when they created me. Even if I wanted to, I could not betray your secrets. Now, let me see where to put you." The hat said. "Hmm, very difficult. You are even more cunning than your brother. No doubt from your other father Loki. A great thirst for knowledge as well." The hat continued thoughtfully. 'If I go into Slytherin as well, they will watch us even more.' Helena thought. "Very true, Your Majesty. Dumbledore tried to force me to put you both into Gryffindor, but I will not. I do know that he is keeping something very dangerous in the school, but I do not know what or why." The hat warned "It seems that you have to find out for yourself, Your Majesty. Watch out for him. He will keep an eye on you when he finds out that you even have a different wand than the ones that he ordered. To give you a headstart on him, you will be in RAVENCLAW!" The hat finally shouted after a few minutes of silence and the house of the smart burst out into loud cheers as Helena silently joined them with a small smile. Severus sighed in relief. He knew that Filius would look after his daughter and he wasn't a Dumbledore follower like Minerva. Just as he thought it, a small note appeared next to his plate from the charms professor, asking him for a meeting during the next day and he agreed. After everyone was sorted, Weasley going into Gryffindor, Dumbledore started the meal with a few words and everyone dug in. Severus almost smirked at seeing the old coot speechless. He got another note, ordering him and his children to the headmaster's office after breakfast the next day. He rolled his eyes at it. Of course, Dumbledore wanted to know the ins and outs of this development. Well, he wouldn't forget anymore. At Helena's suggestion, the goblins had given him ring as well that protected him from those kind of spells. He would rather die than forget his children again. He watched his children during dinner and saw that they were already talking with the students around them. Helena was talking to one of the Patil twins and Harry was chatting with Draco and some of his other snakes. They were relatively safe from Dumbledore and he and Filius would look after them for the next seven years. Movement made him look at the Ravenclaw table to see Helena talking to the Grey Lady. Of course, she would start to talk to someone who was dead. She used to rule them once, after all. Helena was actually enjoying herself. Her new housemates seemed nice enough and didn't bomb her with questions, even though she could see that they really wanted to. They let her have her peace and she appreciated that. She started to talk with the girl sitting next to her, Padma. The girl was quiet, but seemed nice. Seeing someone approaching her, she saw the house ghost coming closer. 'Crap, either she knows that I'm Hela or that I'm her mother's heir.' She thought. She knew who the ghost really was as she had never arrived in Helheim and Rowena genuinely missed her. "Hello there. My name is Helena." She said, silently telling the ghost not to reveal who she was. Ghost Helena nodded at her. "Welcome to Hogwarts, young lady. It is good to see new Ravens. May your stay here be safe and educational" She greeted, before floating on. Helena let out a small sigh in relief as the ghost hadn't revealed who she really was, although she had indirectly told her that she did know. "What was that about?" Padma asked and Helena shrugged innocently, acting like she had no idea either. "That's the most that I have ever heard her say." One of the older years muttered in surprise. Dinner pretty much continued on like normal after that. Harry had a less pleasant experience. Being greeted by a ghost covered in blood was not on anyone's wish-list. Like Helena, he managed to stop the Bloody Baron from revealing his titles, but the ghost made it clear that he and the other ghosts knew who they were and that they were on their side. Dumbledore used his power to order them, the house-elves and the portraits to spy on the students, but his and Helena's status as the heirs stopped that. Once dinner was done, Harry and Helena followed their respective houses to their new dorms. Helena went up into one of the towers. The knocker on the door spoke a riddle and if you answered it correctly, the door would open. The common room was beautiful, with arched windows and the ceiling was painted like the night sky. Professor Flitwick welcomed them and explained the basic things about the house. Helena already liked him. She, Padma and some other girls weren't to their shared room, changed, got into bed and fell asleep. Harry went down into the dungeons. The Slytherin common room was underneath the giant lake on the school grounds. Unlike the Ravenclaw tower, they had to say a password to get in. He listened intently as his father explained the rules and other things. He had already warned him and Helena that he would treat them no different than other students and they had understood. Once his father was done, everyone went to bed. Chapter 4: Talking with the goat At breakfast, both Harry and Helena got a note from their father that the headmaster wanted to speak with them. Helena barely withheld a groan, while Harry did no such thing already having a feeling that there weren't many Dumbledore lovers. A small potion bottle popped up next to their plates and the twins reluctantly swallowed its contents, wincing at the terrible taste that the potion had. While they hadn't been in the castles yet, some of the house-elves from the founders worked at Hogwarts and personally prepared their food and drinks to ensure that no one would be able to put potions in their food, except for the nutrient potion that Severus had made for them. It tasted horrible, but it would hopefully make up for the years of starvation and abuse that they had gotten from the Dursleys. Once breakfast was over, Severus collected his children and led them to the headmaster's office. Professor Flitwick joined them as it was a Sunday and it concerned one of his Ravens. His goblin kin had told him as much as they could about what had happened in the bank. He was already disgusted by what he did know. How much worse could it be? Severus gave the candy password, which earned him odd looks from his children. He simply shrugged in answer as they were carried up the stairway and stopped in front of the office's door. Dumbledore was already waiting for them. "Severus, Harry, my boys. Helena, my girl. Thank you for coming. Filius, you can leave." Dumbledore said, facade in place. Professor Flitwick shook his head. "I'm sorry, headmaster, but Severus has asked me to be here and since it concerns someone from my house, I saw no reason to disagree." He said politely as he took a seat. Dumbledore mentally growled at that. "Very well. Now then, Harry and Helena. I was very surprised to hear of the change of your last name. Would you rather not have the last name of your father?" He asked, trying to make them look in his eyes. Helena frowned in confusion, looking at the old man's forehead. "What do you mean, sir? We have the name of our father. We did a blood test at the bank, because we wanted to know our parents names." She said innocently. Harry nodded in agreement while professor Flitwick widened his eyes slightly. They hadn't known the names of their own parents?! "Imagine our surprise when we found out that our father was still alive, although I do wonder why we were sent to life with our aunt instead." Helena continued thoughtfully. "Well, that was because the Wizarding World wasn't safe for you, my dear girl." Dumbledore quickly lied. Helena made a face. "Could you please stop calling me that? I don't know you and it makes me feeling really uncomfortable." She said, actually speaking the truth. "Of course. I apologise, Ms Snape." Dumbledore hastily apologised, trying to keep them friendly, before changing the subject. "Now then, I heard that you met Ronald Weasley on the train and didn't even introduce yourself. May I ask why?" He asked. 'Immediately ran to you whining their asses off, did they?' Helena thought sarcastically, before Harry spoke up for the first time. "Well, sir. We didn't really feel like introducing ourselves to him after he rudely barged into our compartment and demanded to know where we were, insulted us and our friends and claimed me to be his future best friend and Helena his future soulmate and wife." He told the old goat. Both professor Flitwick and Severus were shocked by that little bit of information. Even Dumbledore himself was surprised. That wasn't good. "How did he insult you?" He asked, silently planning to talk with his pawn about this. "He called us snakes, even though we are very clearly human and said that he and I would put us where we belonged, whatever he meant with that." Helena said with a shrug. Dumbledore was almost sweating as he glanced up at Severus. The man's eyes were spitting fire in his anger. "Very well. You can leave." he told the twins. "We are honoured to be the first, professor. We can't wait to hear about your conversations with the other students." Helena said cheerfully and both her father and Head of House had to hide their smiles at that. "Severus, please stay." Dumbledore ordered as the twins left with professor Flitwick. Severus let out a deep breath. "I will see you at lunch." He promised the twins, before they left and he was left alone with Dumbledore. "Severus, they have to return to their aunt. The wards will protect them from harm." The old man tried to plead with him and Severus scoffed. "Maybe from the danger outside the wards, but what about the inside? You may have noticed them drinking a potion during breakfast. That was a nutrient potion to help them grow, although I doubt that they will ever reach what should've been their normal height." He said dryly. Okay, they are not as healthy as they could be, but I see no reason for a potion." Dumbledore tried to reason. "Then you need better glasses. They were starved and abused, Albus. You made me forget my children and because of that, they went through hell and I missed ten years of their lives. Time that I will never get back." Severus hissed. "I know and I apologise. I only did it for the greater good. Please, forgive me." Dumbledore said not convincingly at all. Severus let a sneer show on his face. "I'll think about it." He replied, before storming out of the office without waiting for dismissal. He knew that if he stayed a minute more, he would kill the old goat. "Dad?" He heard a small voice say as he walked off the turning staircase and he turned to see Harry and Helena standing there. "We wanted to wait for you." Helena spoke up as they carefully got closer. Severus let a miniscule smile show and silently told them to follow him, before walking towards his office. His children quickly walked after him. Once they were in his office and the door was closed, Severus kneeled and hugged both his children tightly, needing to hold them for a few minutes. "Are you okay?" Helena asked after the automatic flinching was done and it reminded him of where their children had been. "He made me forget you. I wasn't there when you needed me and that all because he wanted you to be his pawns." Severus muttered, his grip tightening even more. Harry and Helena shared a look, before trying to comfort their father." You didn't know and you're here now. Just in time to protect us from the goat." Helena said and Harry hummed in agreement. Severus let a tiny smile show, before just enjoying being able to hug his children. They spent the rest of the morning together, until lunch. Once that was done and the twins had drunk another potion, Severus told them to spend time with their friends and new classmates and to try and get to know them better. They would spend seven years with them after all. Neville and Draco were worried about where they had been, but they just had to say Dumbledore's name and they understood. The man had taken ten years from their lives and they would never forgive him for that Some students looked up weird when Helena sat down next to Harry with Neville at the Slytherin table, but no rule said that they had to stay at their table during breakfast and lunch. Only during dinner and feasts did they have to sit at the right tables. Helena had checked. The group of four paid no mind to the whispering that them sitting together caused, until Wesley started to walk towards them. "Harry, mate. Why didn't you tell me who you were? Come on, let's go play wizarding chess." He said, grabbing the arms of the twins and trying to pull them along. Both Harry and Helena ripped themselves free as Severus came to see what was going on. "Mr Weasley, please let your fellow students go or you will spend the next week in detention." He threatened. Weasley glared at him. "Of course, you would protect your bastard children. You disgusting snakes are corrupting our saviour." He spat, ignoring the glares of the other Slytherin students. "Twenty points from Gryffindor and a week detention, Mr Weasley." Severus hissed and Weasley stormed towards the Gryffindor table. Severus glanced at his children to see if they were alright and they smiled at him. For the rest of the day, the twins spent time with their friends and prepared themselves for their first schoolday. They wouldn't have potions until Friday, so they had to be patient, but as long as Neville and Draco were with them, they would be alright. They had transfiguration before potions and they were nervous to have one of Dumbledore's followers, but they hoped that their father was right and that she was fair. At dinner, they were forced to sit at their own table, but Helena was slowly getting familiar with her fellow Ravens, so it wasn't awkward. Severus kept an eye on them and Dumbledore's pawns, but they thankfully didn't disturb his children for now. After dinner, both Helena and Harry found themselves preparing for the next day one more time, before going to bed early and falling asleep Read and review. See you next time Chapter 5: First week of school The next week was a blur of learning, classes and trying to dodge Dumbledore and his pawns. They had had a conversation with professor Flitwick and had told him what had happened in the bank and the tiny professor had been horrified, before willingly making a vow to help and protect the twins. He had immediately made sure to put Dumbledore's pawns as far from the twins as was possible. Charms quickly became one of Harry's favourite classes, only to be likely surpassed by potions on Friday. Professor Flitwick was kind and fair, but also strict if he really needed to be. He was always willing to help if you had trouble getting a spell right, but wasnt afraid to scold students who were slacking. Harry also found charms to be very interesting and a subject that he wouldn't mind learning more from. Herbology became one of Helena's favourite subjects. She found that it was really nice to take care of living things. A bonus was that she and her brother shared that class, so they almost always worked together if they had to. She also met some of the other Slytherin students, like Crabbe and Goyle and Daphne Greengrass. She recognised the names as some of the houses of the Wizengamot.They had written a contract with the goblins that Lucius would act as their proxy for now as Dumbledore had illegally used their seats in the past decade. They had also banned Dumbledore from entering their vaults. The goblins had asked if they wanted all the money that Dumbledore had stolen back, but the twins had said no. It wouldn't be good if Dumbledore realised that they knew everything. They had to play dumb. Helena had later asked both Lucius and the goblins to share the memory of when Dumbledore found out, depending on when he did. Unfortunately, the next meeting would be during the winter holidays, so they had to wait The only thing that took the fun away were the pawns butting themselves into conversations and trying to speak to them. Helena recalled one particular incident when she was talking to Padma during a study hour and Granger kept trying to get her attention, finally hitting her arm as Helena kept ignoring her. Unfortunately for Granger, Severus was keeping an eye on that particular study group and promptly took points from Gryffindor. Helena had flying lessons with Hufflepuff on Tuesday and was glad that she, Harry and Draco had helped Neville with his confidence during the summer, because she had the feeling that things could've gone incredibly wrong if they hadn't. Harry, on the other hand, got into deep trouble during his first lesson as Weasley had taken something from another student and harry had flown after him to get it back. Severus had been quite furious with him and Harry was grounded for the next week. Every time that he didn't have classes or wasn't in the Great Hall for breakfast, lunch and dinner, he was supposed to either be in the Slytherin common room or his father's study. It really sucked, but Harry couldn't blame his father and Draco and his new friends Blaise and Theodore promised to keep him company whenever they could. Defence Against the Dark Arts was an odd one. Harry felt like something was off about professor Quirrel, but he didn't know what. During a second, deeper medical examination in Gringotts, they had found out that he actually had a piece of Voldemort's soul in his scar. The goblins had managed to get it out and preserve it for now. They had also checked Helena, but she was clean, so to speak. Astronomy was awesome as they looked at the stars and constellations. Harry had a quiet laugh about the fact that his sister once lived somewhere among those stars, but then much farther away. History of Magic was a bore as it was being taught by a ghost and his voice lulled everyone to sleep within five minutes. Harry and Helena had made a deal with their father that if they used a part of it for homework, then they could take a nap as well. Harry had transfiguration on Thursday and thanks to the ghost of Helena Ravenclaw, he and Draco were right on time and took their seats together. There was a cat sitting on the desk and Harry smiled politely at it, already knowing that it was actually his professor. Weasley and the know-it-all Granger came in late. "Thank Merlin that professor Mcgonagall isn't here." Weasley muttered, before the cat jumped from the desk and transformed back into professor Mcgonagall. Harry and Draco shared a hidden smirk as the professor scolded the two. Professor Mcgonagall was indeed very strict, but gave an even amount of points when they got things right. Harry purposefully stumbled a few times with the spell, before getting it right and helping Draco. Professor Mcgonagall gave him an approving nod and a rare smile as she awarded him five points to get it right. "His snake of a father probably taught him to do that." Weasley muttered, Mcgonagall taking off points for insulting a professor. "Isn't that what a parent is supposed to do?" Harry muttered to Draco, who simply shrugged in answer. Once class was done, Harry and Draco met up with Helena as they walked to the Great Hall for dinner. "Transfiguration is so interesting. I can see why James was so interested in this." Harry said, before they heard something behind them. "Oh, so now you even call your father by his given name? He would be so disappointed in you." Weasley spat. "Weasley, don't talk out loud. You'll lower the IQ of the whole castle." Helena said dryly, sounding a lot like her father and both Draco and Harry snorted. Weasley's ears became red in anger, but before he could do anything, his older brother Percy grabbed his arm and pulled him along. The twins and Draco shook their heads at the irritating boy as Padma and her sister Parvati joined them as well. The identical twin girls only had to take one look at the two retreating Weasleys and they could guess what had happened. Parvati was also in Gryffindor and had to endure Weasley's rants about Harry being in Slytherin. Helena turned to Parvati. "My condolences about being in the same house as him." She says sincerely as they entered the hall and the girl laughed and thanked her as they parted.Harry and Draco went to the Slytherin table and Harry made eye contact with his father, who raised an eyebrow at him and Helena being late. Harry simply glanced at the Gryffindor table in silent answer to the question and his father immediately understood what had happened. Weasley had opened his mouth again The rest of the evening went without any incident and when Severus quietly checked the Common room right after dinner, Harry was obediently doing his homework there with Draco and some of their other friends. The next day, the twins finally had potions. Harry had it first thing in the morning and Helena had it in the afternoon. Harry and Draco were sitting together with the Slytherins on one side of the classroom and the Gryffindors were sitting on the other side. The was a low murmuring going around as students quietly talked to each other, which quickly stopped as Severus finally walked in. "There will not be any foolish wandwaving or silly incantations in this class. As such, I don't expect many of you the subtle science and exact art that is potion making." Severus stated and Harry had to admit that his father knew how to keep a class interested as everyone listened to his every word. He gave a tiny smile towards his father as the man glanced over to him and Draco and Severus' eyes softened for a moment, before he focused himself on the Gryffindor side and asked Weasley some questions that were answered in the first chapters of their potions book. "Mr Weasley, what would I get if I added powdered root of Asphodel to an infusion of Wormwood?" He asked. Granger immediately raised her hand, but Severus ignored her. How am I supposed to know? You're our professor. You're supposed to teach us." Weasley replied rudely and everyone on the Slytherin side rolled their eyes in annoyance. "Five points for rudeness, Mr Weasley." Severus said, before looking at his son and house. "Mr, Malfoy. Same question." He said. "You get Draught of the living dead, sir." Draco answered dutifully. "Correct. Ten points to Slytherin." Severus stated with a barely there smirk. Weasley growled at that. "Well, Mr Weasley. Since you clearly do not agree with that, let's try again. Where would you look if I asked you to find me a bezoar?" He asked. "Don't know. Don't care." Weasley said with an arrogant smirk. Severus looked at the Slytherin side again, ignoring Granger almost standing up from her chair. "Ms Greengrass?" He asked, the girl knowing what he wanted. "A bezoar is often found in the stomach of a goat and will save someone from most poisons, sir." She answered. "Correct. Another ten points to Slytherin." Severus said and the Gryffindor side groaned, before he decided to give Weasley one more chance. "Mr Weasley. What is the difference between Monkshood and Wolfbane?" He asked. At this, Granger literally stood up from her chair and her hand almost touched the low ceiling. "I don't know, but why don't you ask Hermione as she clearly knows the answer." Weasley said and Harry actually facepalmed at this. Severus took another five points from Gryffindor, before turning to Harry for the right answer. "There's no difference, d... sir. They're the same plant." Harry answered, barely stopping himself from calling him "dad." Draco snorted at his almost mistake and Harry glared at him. Severus awarded him fifteen points, before really starting the lesson after ordering Granger to sit back down. The time flew by and it was soon time for lunch. By Friday, everyone had almost gotten used to the group of four sitting at different tables and some students had actually started to do the same after they had checked that it wasn't against the rules and they could really sit with their friends. It was Helena's turn right before dinner and her class went on normally. While walking towards dinner, professor Quirrel approached Severus and Helena with a small note and gave it to the older man while passing them. It told them to meet him during the next day with Harry. Father and daughter shared a suspicious look, before Severus put the note away and they walked on Chapter 6: The dark lord The next day, Severus, Harry and Helena knocked on the door of Quirrel's office. Severus had been reluctant to take his children with him, but Harry and Helena had finally managed to convince him to take them along. Quirrel invited them in without even stuttering once. Severus stiffened at this and immediately put his children behind him as they went in, despite every instinct telling him to order his children to run. Quirrel was patiently waiting for them. "Severus, good of you to meet with me." He said, once again without the stutter that he had carried with him since the beginning of the school year. "Who are you?" Severus growled, his wand in his hand. In answer, Quirrel slowly stood up, put several spells on the door to keep anyone from listening and turned around, unwinding the turban on the back of his head. Pulling it away, the small family was shocked and slightly disturbed to see a face underneath it. "Severus, it is good to see you again." The face of Lord Voldemort said. "My lord." Severus said, still keeping a tight grip on his children and Voldemort noticed. "You don't have to worry, Severus. I'm not after your children." He told the man, but Severus simply narrowed his eyes. "Then what happened that night?" He asked and Voldemort sighed. Knowing that the man deserved to know, he started to speak "After you had heard the prophecy, which is completely false by the way, Lily and James actually contacted me about it through Wormtail. We were supposed to meet that night, but I guess that Dumbledore found out, because when I arrived, James and Lily were dead and he was waiting for me. We dueled in the nursery, but he got the upper hand and destroyed my body and I believe that I also lost a piece of my soul that night." He explained, looking at the two children behind Severus. Harry peeked around his father's back. "The goblins have it." He told the wraith, before Severus quickly hushed him. Voldemort made a sound of understanding. "Good. It will be safe there for now." He muttered. How can you prove that you're not lying?" Severus asked, still suspicious. "He isn't, dad. I can sense it." Helena said and everyone looked at her. "If it isn't little Helena. Even when you were a baby, I could feel your power." Voldemort said. "What do you want?" Seveus asked again. "I want to have a body again, preferably with my soul completely intact again. Dumbledore put several compulsions on me to force me to become the villain that he wanted. His fame was fading and he wanted to become the most important wizard in the world again. The compulsions broke when my body was destroyed." Voldemort told them. Helena slowly stepped out from behind her father. "Is there a ritual for that?" She asked. "There is one, but the circumstances must be exactly right and that won't happen for at least three years. And before we continue, please call me Tom, instead of the moniker that I made up while covered with compulsions." Voldemort/Tom said and the twins nodded. Seeing that his former master seemingly didn't mean any harm, Severus relaxed just a tiny bit. Tom told them where the other pieces of his soul were. Some were easier to get than others. One of the pieces or horcruxes was actually in the castle: Rowena Ravenclaw's diadem. As the Ravenclaw heir, Helena felt slightly insulted by this and by the fact that he had also turned Helga Hufflepuff's cup into a horcrux. Tom gave her a sheepish apology for this and she just grumbled in answer. "Helga's cup is in the vault of Bellatrix and her husband, so we have two choices. We either get Bella out of Azkaban, but that does not seem like a smart move this early, or we ask the head of her House to get it out." Tom said thoughtfully. "Who is the head of her House?" Helena asked. "Black." Severus muttered. While he, James and Remus had made up, he and Sirius had still butted heads with each other. "Great, so we ask him to get the cup out of the vault. Where is he?" Tom asked cheerfully. "Azkaban." The Snape family deadpanned in unison and he groaned. "Dumbledore?" He asked. "Most likely. We can have the goblins look into that." Harry muttered, already writing things down to send in a letter to the goblins later. They talked for a bit more, before they started to round things up. However, Helena had one more important question. "What do we do now? She asked and the three others shared a look. "Well, considering Dumbledore's absolutely ridiculous warning about the third floor corridor, it is clear that he expects us to go there and check it out." Harry muttered. "Which you will not, right?" Severus asked in a warning tone. "No dad." Harry and Helena chorused. Even Tom chuckled at that. Thanks to Dumbledore, he never had a true family and he was happy that Severus, Harry and Helena did have that chance. "What is Dumbledore keeping there anyway?" Harry muttered. "The philosopher's stone." Tom told them after sharing a look with Severus. "Is he crazy? Wait, don't answer that. I already know the answer." Helena muttered, rubbing her temple. The others all chuckled at that, before the small family left. The twins still had homework to do and they didn't want to make Dumbledore suspicious. Harry wrote a letter for the goblins to look into his godfather's case. He could vaguely remember reading something about him being imprisoned illegally, but so many things had happened that it had been pushed to the back of his mind. Severus spelled it to look like it was nothing important and Helena allowed him to borrow her owl as Hedwig was a bit too noticeable and was easily spotted. As they had done most of their homework and because Harry had kept himself to the grounding, Severus allowed them to go outside and relax on Sunday afternoon with their friends. The group of mostly Slytherins, a few Ravenclaws and one Hufflepuff played a few relaxing and fun games by the waterside and enjoyed spending time together. Weasley unfortunately showed his dumb and annoying face again, but one smart flick of the wrist from Helena and he stormed off, smelling like dung. Dinner went by without a hitch and the twins went to bed early to be ready for the next day. Not as big as normal, but I'm tired. Next one is going to be bigger. I promise. Also... more than a 1000 hits in just a week time?! What?! Chapter 7: Halloween Weeks passed and before they knew it, it was the end of October and Halloween was drawing near. All three of the Snapes grew more solemn at the date grew closer. They had lost a member of their family on that day and that all thanks to the old goat that was running the school that they were in at the moment. Severus' patience was also wearing thin as Dumbledore kept trying to convince him to sign over custody. "Severus, it's for the Greater Good. Just sign these papers and everything will be better." Dumbledore pleaded as Severus stood there with his arms crossed. "And leave my children in an abusive household again? Forget it, Albus. They are staying with me where they belong and that's final. And just so you know: the minute that I file custody over to you or anyone else, the goblins will immediately check me over for spells or potions." He warned. Dumbledore growled at that plan was foiled too. He needed the twins to look up to him as their saviour, so he could lead them to their deaths. That was not going to happen if they already had someone else that they looked up to and would protect them. It wouldn't work if they grew up in a loving family and had much to live for. At least, they didn't know about the blocked bonds and the marriage contracts. He had a copy in his vaults that he would pull out later to try and force the twins to do his bidding. He let Severus go as he had to think. The classmates of the twins had noticed their change in mood and had quickly figured out that why. On the day itself, neither of the twins were alone as they had at least one classmate set their side, usually Draco for Harry and Padma for Helena. Their friends didn't bother them or anything, they just silently supported them and the twins appreciated that. Severus inwardly smiled at seeing it during breakfast and lunch as Padma and some other Ravenclaws joined Helena at the Slytherin table without blinking an eye. They had charms after lunch and both Harry and Draco rolled their eyes at the umpteenth argument between Weasley and Granger. It honestly felt like they were on repeat. Weasley mucks it up, Granger helps him, Weasley insults her, repeat. It was actually getting tiring Granger had become one of the least liked students in his father's classes, constantly raising her hand when he asked a question Sometimes she just called out the answer and didn't let other people answer in her belief that she was the smartest witch of her age. It was really annoying and nobody liked her as she cost the house more points than that they gained. Harry had seen her homework once when he was in his father's study and he had never seen handwriting so small. You almost needed a magnifying glass to read it. He had said this to his father and he had laughed stating that Granger also went over the required feet length every time, no matter how many times he had scolded her about it. The girl just didn't want to listen, despite her many preaches about how the students should listen to the professors. Harry had thought his uncle was the most hypocritical person that he had ever met, until he had met her. The twins finally had a second encounter with her during the fourth week and she hadn't made a good impression on them. ------------------ flashback ------------------------ Harry, Draco, Helena, Neville and Padma were studying together in the library on a rainy Sunday, when Granger suddenly sat down next to them and spread out her things without asking them to make room. Helena barely managed to save her still wet charms homework from being ruined by Granger hastily spreading out her things. "Can we help you?" Harry asked as the others had to save their stuff too. "I'm here to help you study. Give me your timetables, so that I can set up a study schedule." Granger said bossy, holding her hand out expectantly. Everyone looked at her like she had grown a second head. "Let me get this straight. You forced yourself and your stuff on our table, forcing us to save our things in your haste to put your things on an already full table and now you expect us to listen to you?" Harry asked sarcastically. Granger seemed taken aback by his tone, before nodding. "Well, yes. You will never get through the year without my help. I can help you become the best of your class." She insisted and Helena snorted. "Listen, Granger. I don't know how it slipped your mind, but the five of us already are the best of our class or at least around the top. Padma and I are in Ravenclaw for crying out loud. We don't need your help." She said. Granger tried to protest, even though they wouldn't listen to her, when the Librarian, ms Pince came by and saw the clutter. "Who made this mess?" She asked sternly and the group of five immediately pointed towards Granger. She was forced to clean up and move to a different table. The twins and their friends watched her go and shook their heads. "She will not give up. Parvati heard her and Weasley talk about becoming your best friends" Padma muttered. "A shame that those spots are already taken, then." Helena said with a smile and she smiled back. The rest of their studying happened without any incident. ----------------- end flashback --------------------------- Weasley and Granger were arguing about how to pronounce the spell that they were casting and Granger managed to get it right, earning her five points. She frowned at this as Harry and Draco had gotten ten points for getting it right and she immediately complained about it to professor Flitwick. The small professor frowned at this. "They were the first to get it right. If you had gotten it right first, you would've gotten ten points too." He explained. He knew that Granger and Weasley were Dumbledore's pawns and he did his best to keep them away from the twins as much as he could. He was not about to let one of his ravens be forced to play a part in those old man's plans. Lily had been one of his favourite students and he would protect her children from Dumbledore. Having heard where the man had left them, made him feel sick to his stomach. After class, Weasley ran to catch up to Harry and Draco. "It's no wonder that she has no friends. She is a bloody nightmare." He spoke up, trying to get in Harry's good graces. "Did we ask your opinion, Weasley?" Draco asked coldly as Hermione shoved past them with fake tears in her eyes. Harry just rolled his eyes and they walked on, completely ignoring Weasley and what just happened. That night, it was the Halloween feast and the Great Hall was completely decorated. Students were forced to remain at their respective tables, but they didn't mind. Things took a turn when professor Quirrel ran in. "TROLL IN THE DUNGEONS!!!" He screamed loudly, immediately catching everyone's attention and the whole Hall fell quiet. "Thought you'd wanna know." He muttered, before seemingly fainting. While everyone was panicking, Harry and Helena shared a confused look. What was Tom doing? "Silence!!!!" Dumbledore shouted, regaining order. "Prefects, take the students to their dorms." The old man ordered. "Our dorms are in the dungeons!" Harry and Draco shouted at the same time and all of Slytherin agreed. Dumbledore nearly growled. Why couldn't that boy just listen to him?"Alright, everyone stay in the hall and don't come out until we tell you that it's safe." He corrected and quickly walked out off the Great Hall, before anyone could see his anger. The other professors followed him, Severus giving his son and godson a proud nod as he walked passed. Helena immediately went to check on professor Quirrel before anyone else could. "You do know that people usually fall backwards when they faint?" She hissed. "Hush. It's all part of the plan. Pretend to wake Quirrel up." Tom said from underneath the turban. Helena raised an eyebrow, but listened nonetheless. Quirrel quickly "woke up" and walked out of the Great Hall as well under the guise of going to help the others. Helena joined Harry and Draco at the Slytherin table. "What was that all about?" Harry asked and Helena simply shrugged in answer, having no idea herself. Weasley ran up to them. "Hermione is not here. We need to go and get her." He said, trying to make them go with him. "I am not going outside and risk facing a troll. I'm only eleven years old and even if we survived fighting the troll, our father would kill us himself." Harry said and Weasley's face strangely lit up at those words. "So he actually threatened you? We need to go to Dumbledore and tell him. I'm sure that he can take you away from that death eater and put you with my family." He said excitedly. The twins and their friends all facepalmed at that. "It's a figure of speech, Weasley. Go back to your table and leave us alone." Helena muttered, trying to fight a headache coming up. "What about Hermione? We need to save her. That's what a Gryffindor does." Weasley said and Harry simply looked down at his robes and silently pointed away the Slytherin Crest on said robes. Weasley stormed off at that and everyone sighed in relief as he finally left. They chatted amongst themselves, Padma, Parvati and Neville joining them as well. They had no idea what was going on and they didn't like it. After at least half an hour, Dumbledore and the professors returned, stating that the troll was dead and everyone was allowed to go to their common rooms. Dumbledore was smart enough to know that no one was in the mood for a feast after that. Hermione had gotten injured as she had tried to stop the troll by herself, but she was expected to make a full recovery. Still, he fumed that Harry and Helena hadn't gone to save her. It was a very confused pair of twins that went to bed that night. What had Tom been thinking? Hopefully, their father would shed some light on the situation tomorrow. Helena had the curtains of her bed open just a smidge and stared out of the window next to her bed, looking at the stars. Maybe, she could figure out a way to contact her previous family to help them. With that thought, she closed her eyes and fell asleep. Sorry that it took a few days Chapter 8: Screw Dumbledore! The next day, Harry and Helena knocked on the door of their father's office. Severus quickly let them in. "What on earth happened yesterday?" Helena asked. "We needed Dumbledore to believe that Tom is still going for the stones, which reminds me: Tom said to ask the goblins to scan the wards around the castle. He said that it was far too easy to let the troll in." Her father told them and the twins jade a mental note about that. "Do you mind telling us next time?" Harry muttered and Severus chuckled. "I'm sorry for keeping it from you. They less people who knew about it, the better." He replied, holding out his arms and the twins snuggled into his sides. Last night had been tough for all of them. "I miss her." Harry whispered and his father kissed the top of their heads. "I know. I miss her too." He told them. Helena didn't say anything, but just burrowed herself into her father's side. "Did anyone get injured?" Harry asked. "Granger did as she tried to fight the troll on her own, but she's expected to make a full recovery." Severus answered and he let a small smile grow at hearing his children groan. "Troll should've smashed her so-called "smart" brain in." Harry muttered, his father scolding him, even if he agreed. Helena giggled at her brother's words, her father scolding her as well as this situation was nothing to laugh at. "What was she doing outside out the Great Hall anyway?" Helena asked after she had calmed down. "Apparently, Mr. Weasley had insulted her, so she was crying in the lavatory." Severus responded. "Oh, please. They're both in Dumbledore's pocket. When I said about how the Slytherin common room was in the dungeon, he looked disappointed and angry for a moment and when you guys were gone, Weasley tried to convince us to go and save Granger. I wouldn't be surprised if they had tried to use the situation to force us to become the Gryffindors that they want us to be." Harry muttered, burying his face into his father's chest. Severus tightened his grip on his children. "It also shows how little he cares about Slytherin. I think that if you hadn't said anything, he would've let you walk to your possible death about six years too soon." Helena piped up, not helping her father's feelings at all. "Can we just stop talking about it for a while?" He suggested and that's when the twins realised that talking about their deaths in front of their father wasn't a good idea. "Sorry dad." They chorused together. November passed by without an incident, except for Weasley repeatedly embarrassing himself trying to get closer to the twins. Granger rejoined them several weeks after Halloween, several bruises and visible on her face. The twins noticed her glaring at them, but it wasn't their fault that they didn't want themselves killed. They had just gotten a family and they didn't feel like abandoning it already. Besides, Helena wanted to meet her soulmate. In the beginning of December, they got a letter from the goblins that told them that they had managed to get Sirius a trial, which was set just before the Christmas holidays. Both twins sighed in relief. "Uncle Moony will be so happy." Helena commented as they walked through the hallways. "Did you just say "Moony?"" A voice asked and they jumped, whirling around to see Fred and George Weasley. They relaxed a bit. Unlike their younger brother, the Weasley twins weren't that bad. "Yes, we did. How dull you know that name?" Harry asked suspiciously. While they weren't as bad, he didn't know if he and Helena could trust them yet. One of the Weasley twins pulled out a blank looking parchment out of his pockets. Harry and Helena recognised it immediately. "Where did you get this?" Helena asked as she took it over. "Stole it from Filch's office in our first year, but that's not important. You know the Marauders?" The twins asked, finishing each other's sentences. Harry and Helena shared a look. "You're looking at the adopted children of Prongs himself." Helena finally told them. The eyes of the twins became wide as saucers and they kneeled before the brother and sister. "We're not worthy to be in your presence." They spoke in unison, before Harry and Helena pulled them to their feet again. "If there's anything you need, name it." George (or was it Fred) stated. Helena was about to refuse, before an idea formed itself in her mind. "Try to keep your brother away from us. It will only be so long, before one of us hexes him." She told them and the red-haired twins nodded. "Of course, heirs to the legacy of the Marauders. We will do our very best" They chorused, before walking away without another word. "They do realise that they forgot the map, right?" Helena asked, looking at said map. "I think they gifted it to us as "heirs."" Harry replied with a laugh, before they continued on. Neither of them really knew it at the time, but he map would come in handy one day a couple of years into the future. A few days before break, Dumbledore sent a small note to Harry and Helena to ask them to come to his office. The old man wanted them alone, so when Severus and Filius arrived with them, he almost growled. He had put an compulsion spell on the note to make sure that the twins wouldn't get their father. "What is this about, Albus?" Severus asked, his arms crossed. His children had ran to get him the minute that their rings heated up and destroyed the compulsion. He didn't know what Dumbledore was playing at and he didn't like it. He had asked Filius to come with them and he had happily agreed. "I just wanted to tell Harry and Helena where they will be staying during the break." Dumbledore replied, his eyes twinkling. Harry, Helena, Severus and Filius raised an eyebrow at the same time. "They will be with me for most of the break, although I know that they have been invited to stay over at the Malfoys, the Longbottoms and the Patils." Severus told him coolly and Dumbledore stroked his beard. "I'm afraid that I can't allow that. It's not safe for them." He stated. "Why not? It is not like there will not be any adult wizards in those houses, who can help if anything goes wrong." Filius inquired, unable to believe his ears. Was Dumbledore really trying to control where the twins would spend their Christmas break? "That's not what I meant, Filius. I meant that it is not safe out there for Harry and Helena with Voldemort's followers out there." Dumbledore hastily explained. 'Oh, please. We're more inclined to join those "dangerous" followers, than you.' Helena thought. "Albus, it's been ten years. I'm sure that they'll be safe." Filius stated. "Still, it would ease my mind if they stayed in a safe location. Either here, or at the Weasleys would suffice." Dumbledore retorted and the four people in front of him all frowned. "So, it's not safe at the Malfoy family, who we know and with whose son we're friends with, but the Weasley family is totally safe, even though we despise their youngest son?" Helena asked sarcastically. "I'm sure that once you spend some time with him, you will become friends." Dumbledore insisted. Molly would give them compulsion and loyalty potions and they would become the Gryffindors that they were supposed to be. He just needed to find a way to get rid of Severus and to make Filius forget about this situation. "No." Harry and Helena chorused. "It would be for the Greater Good, my dear children." Dumbledore replied. "No." The twins repeated. Dumbledore went to insist, but Severus stopped him. "Albus, enough! They will be staying with me and that's final. I'm their father and guardian and it's my decision where they will spend their vacation." He told the old man. Dumbledore seemingly conceded, but he was seething on the inside. Why did Harry and Helena have to use that inheritance test. It made everything so much more complicated, which was completely unnecessary. They just had to have a child and die, so that he could stay rich and famous as was his right. But no, they just refused to listen to him. Didn't they know that he knew better than everyone about what was best for the world? He dismissed them and the four of them rose as one, walking out of the office. Arriving down the staircase, Helena shivered. "He really has some control issues." She muttered and the others laughed at her words. "Yeah and he also ignored our request for using or last names and instead acted like he has known us for years. It's really kinda creepy." Harry commented and his sister agreed, before their father told them to go pack. Watching them walk away, Severus turned to his colleague. "I can't believe that he tried that." He growled and Filius agreed. "I'm honestly surprised that he didn't over you-know-where as a location." The half-goblin replied. "Probably because he knew that I'd explode if he so much as said the name of that horrible place." Severus muttered and his colleague had to agree with that, before they parted ways to round things up before break. A few days later, Harry and Helena were sitting in a compartment on the train, surrounded by their friends. Even though they could take the floo to Peverell Manor, they wanted to spend time with their friends. That's when Weasley and Granger decided to show their faces again. "Harry, mate. You, Helena, Hermione and I are going to have so much fun at my house. I could finally teach you wizard chess." He spoke up and everyone in the compartment looked at him like he was crazy. "I don't know under which rock you have lived, Weasley, but we're not coming to your house and we're not going to spend time with either of you." Helena replied coolly, Harry immediately agreeing with her. "But professor Dumbledore said that you would and he's always right." Granger insisted. "Dumbledore has no say where we spend our holidays. He could say that we could spend it on the moon and it wouldn't be true." Harry scoffed. With a subtle flick of her wrist, Helena slammed the door shut and locked it for now. Weasley and Granger banged in the windows for a while to be let in, but they were ignored and finally gave up. The rest of the ride was spent in peace. Arriving at the station, the twins said goodbye to some of their friends, before finally getting off the train. Spotting a familiar figure, they immediately ran towards their uncle Moony. He happily embraced them as tight as he could, having missed them while they were in school. Seeing Molly Weasley coming towards them, Remus quickly pulled them towards the Longbottom and Malfoy families and they left the platform as one. I have to say that writing Dumbledore really made me want to punch him in the face. Chapter 9: A very sirius trial Disclaimer: I don't own anything that you recognise A few days before Christmas: Lord Lucius Malfoy hid his smirk as he waited for the session to begin. The members of the Wizengamot knew that there was to be a trial, but no one knew whose, except for him and one other person. He just hoped that Black wouldn't be a blind Dumbledore sheep like he had been as a young teen. They could really use his help for their cause and both Harry and Helena wanted to get to know him, but they were also prepared to cut ties with him if he was a Dumbledore follower. He watched as Dumbledore walked in just as they were about to start and started to walk to the seat of the Chief Warlock. Only the person who had the most seats could sit there and as Dumbledore had illegally used Harry's and Helena's seats in the past decades, the seat had been his. But not anymore as a shield sprang up and prevented him from sitting down. He frowned and loudly spoke up. "I seem to be prevented to sit in my rightful seat. Cornelius, what is going on?" He asked, even though it was clear that Fudge had no idea what was wrong. The minister did an audit of the seats and paled. "I'm very sorry, Albus, but it seems that lord Malfoy has the most seats now." He told the old man, who impatiently grabbed the parchment away from him as whispers started up. Lucius watched with satisfaction as Dumbledore paled at reading for which seats he was proxy. He gave the old goat a smug look as Fudge announced him as the new Chief Warlock and went to sit down in his new seat. Albus was fuming. How could he have forgotten that a person's titles were also revealed with the inheritance test. Now, he couldn't get more restrictions on laws that would give people more freedom, forcing them to look to him for guidance. He suddenly had a bad feeling about the trial of today. Surely, it couldn't be... no. It couldn't be Sirius. He had made sure that the man was rotting in Azkaban and couldn't get guardianship over Harry and Helena. Once everyone was seated, Dumbledore being forced to sit in his family's seat, a man walked in and started to talk. "Dear members of the Wizengamot. My name is Brian Holden and I am here to correct a major injustice. Every ten to fifteen years, the goblins check over the wills of every deceased witch and wizard to see if their wishes have been granted." He started and whispers started up again. That made sense. It wouldn't be good to have someone's wishes ignored because the will was quite old. "We all know the story of what happened with the Potter family and how their Secret-Keeper, Sirius Black, betrayed them to You-know-who and how that lead to their deaths." Brian continued and many members nodded at this. "Except, he didn't. He wasn't even their Secret-Keeper. When the goblins read the for some reason sealed wills of James and Lily Potter, they found out that none other than Peter Pettigrew was their Secret-Keeper." Brian told them Several shocked gasps rang about and Lucius was glad that his new seat gave him a perfect view of Dumbledore's seat. The old man looked pale as death and like he was about to sweat. He glanced at Amelia Bones, with whom he had worked to get this trial here. Only the two of them had known for who this trial was. He just really hoped that their planning hadn't been for nothing. Brian continued. "Perplexed at this turn of events, the goblins hired me to look into the case. The first thing that I did was look for the records of Mr. Black's trial, only to find nothing. It just said that he was carted off to Azkaban within just a few hours of his arrest and without a trial. When they heard of this, the goblins ordered me to make sure that Mr. Black got a trial and that, my lords and ladies, is why I'm here today." He finished. Amelia ordered the guards to bring Sirius in and they did. The man was deathly pale and gaunt, but his eyes were clear. An Auror gave him truth serum and with Brian acting as his lawyer, the questions began. "Were you the Secret-Keeper of the Potters?" Amelia asked. "No." Sirius answered in the monotone voice that people always had under the truth serum. "Who was?" Amelia asked. "Peter Pettigrew." Sirius replied. At Amelia's orders, Sirius started to tell about what had happened. About how he had found the dead bodies of Lily and James and how he had gone after Peter after Hagrid had refused to give him Harry and Helena. Apparently, Dumbledore had gone back to Hogwarts after defeating Tom and had Hagrid to pick up the twins to make sure that no one knew that he was there. Even Lucius had to reluctantly admit that it was a smart move. Sirius continued to tell about how he had cornered Peter, only for the traitorous rat to blame him and blow up the street behind him, before turning into his Animagus form, which happened to be a rat. At first, Fudge wanted to send him back to prison for being an illegal Animagus, before Brian reminded him that Sirius had already served his time for that offense. After Sirius had been given the antidote, Amelia asked those present to lift their wands if they found him guilty and Lucius could see that Dumbledore really wanted to, but didn't to keep himself from looking bad. When asked who thought him to be not guilty, almost everyone raised their wands. Fudge immediately started to make a fuss about how this would impact his image and Lucius rolled his eyes, before Brian cut in. "If I may, the goblins have offered to look after Mr. Black for the time being and in the meantime, the Minister could find a way to bring the news to the people as this was a closed session." He offered. "Now, surely Sirius would be better off in the hospital wing of Hogwarts or St. Mungo's." Dumbledore protested. Brian looked at him like he was stupid. He was, but that was not the point. "St. Mungo's is far too crowded for someone who has just spent years in Azkaban and since when was Ms Pomfrey qualified to deal with mental trauma?" He asked sarcastically and Dumbledore had no answer for that. Another vote was cast and it was decided that Sirius would be put under the care of the goblins and Lucius knew that they wouldn't let Dumbledore or any of his cronies get close to the man. Sirius was led out with Brian and Kingsley Shacklebolt escorting him. After that, the session went on normally. Lucius managed to put forth several motions that would help their cause, but was subtle in describing them, so it wouldn't raise suspicion. Once the meeting was over, Dumbledore tried to talk to him, but his friends managed to form a barrier and walked out with him, making sure that Dumbledore didn't get close. Arriving at Malfoy manor, he was greeted by his wife, son, Severus, the twins and Remus. "He's free. The goblins have him in their care." He told them and everyone sighed in relief. Lucius used his family's Pensieve to show what had happened during the session and everyone laughed at Dumbledore's face. "Why didn't they call Sirius "lord Black?" Helena asked. "Because it is not certain if he's stable enough to retake his seats. Once or if he feels he can retake them, he has to go in front of the Wizengamot and reclaim them." Lucius explained. Harry suddenly groaned loudly. "What is it?" Everyone asked in unison. "I just realised that Dumbledore will be even more on our neck now that he knows that we have Lucius as our proxy." He explained and Helena groaned as well, before Severus cut in. "Let's not think about that for now, alright. It's Christmas in a few days and I really don't want to hear the name Dumbledore for a while." He told them and they agreed. They said goodbye to everyone and went home with Remus Sirius is a free el...I mean man! Chapter 10: Meeting Padfoot and Christmas Harry and Helena were allowed to meet Sirius on the day before Christmas. The man was happy to see them alive and well. "I'm glad that you got out of Dumbledore's reach. Just before I was sent to that horrible place, he came to my holding cell and bragged about how he would turn you into his pawns now that I was out of the way. He then made sure that I wouldn't say anything with a spell." He told them. "So, you'll help us bring him down?" Harry asked and Sirius gently ruffled his hair. "If that old man thinks that I'm on his side after what he said and throwing me into that hellhole, then he has another thing coming." He replied and the twins smiled at that, happy to have him on their side. The goblins gently ordered them to go as Sirius needed his rest. On the way to the exit, the goblins told them about how Dumbledore had already tried to see Sirius several times. Everyone groaned at that. He just didn't know when to stop, did he? Once outside, Remus and Helena went to the bookshop to get some stuff for the new semester. Harry saw his sister wink at him and hid his smirk. During Christmas shopping, they had seen their father look at a expensive potions book with longing, before shaking his head and moving on, clearly not wanting to bother anyone to buy it for him. Well, that was too damn bad for him then. Remus and Helena arrived home just a few minutes after Harry and Severus, the older men ordering the twins to do some of their homework so they were done with it. The twins grumbled, but did so nonetheless. They couldn't wait for tomorrow. Their very first real Christmas! They would finally get presents, like Dudley always did. After a few hours, they finished their charms homework and had their father check it over for any mistakes. "Well done." He praised once he was done, ruffling their hair and making them smile up happily. The next day, both twins were up early to open their new presents, joined by Severus and a half-asleep Remus. Even though the werewolf had his own home, he unofficially moved in with the Snape family to help Harry and Helena to harness their powers. The only time that he was away, was during the full moon. When he had told the twins of his condition, they had accepted him without hesitation. Joining them as well, was their newest addition to the household. When they had visited the Malfoy family for the first time, one of the house-elves took an immediate liking to the twins. So much so that Lucius had decided to give him to the family and since Peverell manor didn't have any house-elves anymore and was too big for one man to clean. Severus had accepted. Dobby had immediately been taken into the family and was a very happy elf Helena got several kinds of wizarding candy from her friends, a nice Indian bracelet from Padma, several new clothes from Severus, some books about her favourite subjects from Remus and a necklace and a book about Norse mythology from Harry, which earned the boy a death-glare. He just gave her a cheeky smile, before opening his presents. He got candy too, a book about pureblood etiquette and rules from Draco and his parents, new clothes and books from Severus and Remus and a nice bracelet from Helena. Remus got books and new clothes too as his robes were shoddy and patched up. The man smiled and thanked them. Severus smiled at the three of them, before noticing that there weren't anymore presents underneath the tree. "You didn't get me anything?" He said, only half-joking. Remus, Harry and Helena all shared a look. "Only one, but it is a pretty big present." Helena replied, before nodding at Dobby to get it. The elf popped away for a second, before returning with a rectangle object that had clearly been wrapped by hands, who had never wrapped a present before, like the twins' presents to each other and Remus had been. He tore off the wrapping and his jaw fell at seeing the potions book that he had admired. "You didn't. How?" He asked. To buy a book like this, you had to be seventeen. "Remus bought it yesterday and I wrapped it over there in the shop. Harry and I paid for it with money from the Potter vault." Helena explained, bouncing a bit on her feet. "Do you like it?" She asked nervously after Severus hadn't said anything in a few seconds. He looked up and smiled, reaching out to his children. They sat down on either side of him and he quickly pulled them closer. "I love it. Thank you so much." He whispered. The twins smiled in relief and burrowed themselves into their father's side. Remus watched them with a smile, before Dobby popped back in with a letter. "Master Severus, the goblins sent letter which came with presents." The elf told them as the presents had gone through the goblins first for security. "Thank you Dobby, but why didn't you give it to me immediately?" Severus asked and Dobby's ears drooped a bit. "Dobby not wanting to ruin the happy moment." He replied. "Makes sense. Thank you, Dobby." Harry told him, before the elf would go punish himself because he thought he was a bad elf. Severus read the letter and his face soured. "The goblins took three items into possession. An invisibility cloak and two sweaters. All items were covered with compulsion spells and potions to make you feel loyal to Dumbledore." He hissed. "An invisibility cloak? Are you telling me that he stole James's invisibility cloak?" Remus growled, the wolf within him audible and Severus just nodded in answer. "The goblins need a few days to make sure that everything's gone, before they can send it to us." He continued. "I wonder from who the sweaters were?" Helena wondered. "Molly Weasley. She always makes those sweaters for her children and considering that you had marriage contracts to her two youngest, I wouldn't be surprised if she wants her daughter to be the new lady Potter and whatever other titles you have." Her father replied and the twins shuddered at the thought. Helena suddenly frowned as a thought came to her. "Is not having a soulmate common in the wizarding world?" She asked. "It's not common, but it isn't extremely rare either. Your mother and I weren't soulmates, which is why I'm still alive as we couldn't Bond." Severus told her. "Bond?" Harry and Helena asked in unison. "If two soulmates really love each other, they can decide to get Bonded to each other. It is a deep and sacred connection between them. They can hear each other's thoughts, feel what the other feels and when one dies, the other will soon follow." Remus explained. "Because of the last thing, a lot of witches and wizards are scared to Bond as they want to start a family and no good parent wants to make their children orphans. I know for a fact that it's extremely rare for aurors to Bond for obvious reasons." Severus continued. Helena thought deeply. "What if my soulmate is a muggle? Will we still be able to Bond?" She asked and both men had to think about it. "I don't think so, to be completely honest. For a Bond to be created, magic has to come from both sides. Hopefully, you will be lucky and you'll have a wizard as your soulmate." Severus told her."I hope so. To be Bonded to my soulmate sounds amazing." Helena commented. "You could almost say that it sounds magical." Harry replied with a cheeky smile, eliciting groans from the other three people in the room and a cuff on the back of his head from his father. "Very funny." Helena muttered and Harry just chuckled in response. Harry and Helena had gotten their owls two big rats as their Christmas dinner and they got affectionate nips from them in return. In the healing rooms of Gringotts, Sirius laughed so hard that he cried at his Christmas present: a dog bone. The goblins showed their version of a smile at hearing him laugh. Merlin knows that he desperately needed it after getting out of that dreadful place The rest of the day was spent just enjoying each other's presence and playing games. Even Severus allowed them the skip homework for the day, but told them that they had to continue it from the next day onwards. They quickly agreed with it. Severus taught them a few simple potions that were not made in Hogwarts. As they went to bed, one thought went through the siblings minds. 'Best Christmas ever!' A chapter full of family fluff. Sorry if you got multiple notifications. That was my fault :/. Again sorry Chapter 11: Talking about seats The winter holiday was over before either of the twins knew it and it was time for them to go back to school. They had stayed over several times with their friends and had a lot of fun. Their friends had been happy with the gifts that the twins had given them. The twins had stayed with the Malfoy family for the past few days as Severus had to return to Hogwarts to prepare himself for the new semester. Their father had written about how Dumbledore had been disappointed that they hadn't been with him, clearly wanting to talk to them about their seats. They smirked at that. If the old man thought that they would give their seats to him, then he had another thing coming. Weasley had stayed at the school, so they only had to endure Granger during the train ride back, which was still annoying, but bearable. As expected, they got a note from the headmaster to meet with him after dinner. The twins rolled their eyes, before looking at their father and professor Flitwick, who nodded to show that they would be there. Once dinner was over, the four of them went to the headmaster's office for the third time that school year. "Our friends will think that we're in trouble, we're called up so often." Harry muttered as they entered the office, making sure that Dumbledore heard what he said. Helena, Severus and professor Flitwick all suppressed their laughter. "What is it this time, Albus?" Helena's Head of House asked a bit impatiently. He was getting tired of Dumbledore continuing to call the twins to his office when he didn't get his way. "I learned some disturbing things during the holiday." Dumbledore told him, before turning to the twins. "Harry, Helena. I found out that you have Lucius Malfoy as the proxy for your seats. It would be for the greater good if you assigned those seats to me." He continued. "Sure thing." Helena replied happily, surprising the three people on her side and making Dumbledore beam at her. At least, Helena was finally starting to see the lights. "Let me just check my calendar to see when it would be a good time to do that." Helena continued and Dumbledore dropped his smile as she mimed getting a book out of her pocket. "Is the seventh of "Never" through the fifteenth of "Ain't-gonna-happen" a good time?" She asked innocently and both Harry and Severus had to turn their heads to hide their smile. "My dear girl, it would be for the best if you would listen to me." Dumbledore insisted. "No. We know lord Malfoy and unlike what you apparently believe with you calling us by our given names, we don't know you. Our seats are in good hands and that's enough for us." Harry replied instead of his sister, getting tired of the old man's games. Seeing that Dumbledore was still going to insist, Severus spoke up. "Harry, Helena. Go to your friends. Professor Flitwick and I will handle this." He told them and the twins quickly obeyed, leaving the office. "Really, Albus. Why do you want their seats when they're clearly comfortable with lord Malfoy handling them?" Filius asked. It was very clear to him that the twins were happy with the way things were now and he saw absolutely no reason to change that. "We can't let the dark have too much power. It will only be easier for Voldemort to return." Dumbledore explained. 'That's the idea, you old fool.' Severus thought harshly underneath several strong mental shields. "It's been ten years, Albus. And besides, lord Malfoy has been corresponding with my children about their opinions on several motions and laws that the Wizengamot has put forward. If they don't like it, he won't vote for it. They are happy with the way that things are for now and that is enough for me." Severus replied. Dumbledore almost growled at his words, before finally dismissing them. "Honestly. He's already their headmaster. There is no reason for him to also want their voice in the government, except for his need to control every aspect of their life." Filius muttered as they walked through a hall without almost any portraits and Severus had to agree, before they said goodbye and parted ways. They had to prepare for tomorrow's classes. During breakfast, a hesitant pair of red-headed twins joined Helena at the Ravenclaw table. "Hey, Fred and George. How did your vacation go?" Helena asked, immediately welcoming them. "Pretty good, if we may say so. We used some pranks of the list that you sent us for Christmas. Thanks for that, by the way. We also enchanted snowballs to bounce off the turban of professor Quirrel." The Weasley twins told her, finishing each other's sentences. "Come again? What was that last one? " Helena asked, wondering if she had heard it right. "Eh, we enchanted snowballs to bounce off professor Quirrel's turban..." Fred repeated slowly, wondering what was wrong with it. Helena was silent for a few seconds, before suddenly starting to snort and finally letting out a full-blown laugh as she imagined snowballs repeatedly hitting Tom in the face. Her laughter attracted the attention of others and Harry and Draco walked over from the Slytherin table to see what was going on. "What happened?" Harry asked. He had never seen his sister laugh this hard. "We don't know. We just told her of some things that we did during the holiday and she suddenly started to laugh." Fred and George told him, while Helena tried to calm herself down. "They... threw snowballs... at Quirrel's turban." She panted and Harry was silent for a minute, before starting to laugh as well and just as loudly. "Oh, the poor guy. Hasn't he been through enough?" He asked once he had calmed down. Everyone was very confused by their reactions, but eventually let it go. It was rather funny to see the snowballs bounce off the turban. They went through the classes of the week, before meeting with Quirrel and their father "We heard about the snowballs incident." Helena started, het voice shaking with laughter. "Oh, is that why you were laughing so hard?" Quirrel asked. Helena simply gave him a smirk and he rolled his eyes. "Granger and Weasley have started to talk about Nicolas Flamel and the philosopher's stone. They seem to want to make us curious about it and go look for it. Preferably with their help." Harry said, forcefully changing the subject, although he couldn't suppress his smile either. "Yeah, subtlety really isn't their thing. Weasley also thinks that now Fred and George are friends with us, he is suddenly our friend too. I lost count of the times that he tried to distract us from our homework to go play a game. It's really annoying." Helena continued after she had calmed down. Their father and Quirrel agreed, before they went to plan the next semester and how to fool Dumbledore and his pawns. Chapter 12: End of year one Months passed without anything important happening. Tom, Severus, Harry and Helena had decided to not do anything for now to make Dumbledore go crazy in anticipation. It also drained both Tom and Quirrel to be fused together. Dumbledore and his pawns were becoming more and more desperate to try and lead Harry and Helena to the third floor, dropping obvious hints about the stone and its creator in the presence of the twins. In January, the twins collected the diadem of Rowena Ravenclaw from the Room of Requirement and sent it towards the goblins, so that they could try and get the Horcrux out of it without harming the object or the soul piece. In April, they got a letter from a free Sirius that he had gotten the cup after the twins had asked him to get it, although only the Snape family knew why. They promised to tell them the reason during the summer vacation. That was enough for the Marauders for now, but the twins knew that they would have many questions. They had also gotten the invisibility cloak back and Helena immediately felt its age. This was no ordinary invisibility cloak. She remembered reading a wizarding fairytale about three brothers, who got gifts from Death himself. One of them was an invisibility cloak, which would work forever. After a bit of research, she found the last names or the brothers: Peverell. She told her brother and her father about her findings. "You gave three brothers gifts?" Harry asked only half-joking as they were safe behind several wards in their father's office. Helena gave him an unamused look. "I did no such thing, but I do remember three exceptionally bright brothers coming into my realm, now that I really think about it. They must have created these things themselves. I wonder where the other two are." She replied. Her father and brother both shrugged at this. Hearing that Dumbledore had to leave the castle in the beginning of June, Weasley and Granger panicked and tried to force Harry and Helena to the third floor, convinced that Severus was going to steal it. Luckily, the twins had anticipated this and had planned a "confrontation" with Tom, who would be waiting for them in the last chamber. A disillusioned Severus would go with them to make sure that nothing would happen. As a professor, he could go a different way and didn't have to go through the tests. He would stay in the second to last chamber as they suspected Dumbledore to actually be in the last chamber as well to watch the confrontation happening and his plans "succeed." This gave Tom the exuse to flee for now once they were done and start planning for next year. He would stay at gringotts for now, the goblins having promised to strengthen his soul in the meantime or what was left of it. With Harry's and Helena's help, they had created a golem that looked like Quirrel and that was what Tom was inhabiting right now, the real man already at the bank. Seeing Fluffy, Hagrid's three-headed dog, made Harry gulp for a moment, before they played music and it fell asleep as they had read that that was the way in a book. Next was a devil's snare, a dangerous plant that could strangle you. After an useless argument between Granger and Weasley, the former made a fire and they went through. Helena was glad that they charmed the plant to be fire-resistant, otherwise they probably would have been in trouble with professor Sprout. After entering a room with flying keys, they caught the right one and went on to a giant chess game. Weasley decided to "sacrifice" himself to make sure that the other three could go on. Walking past a knocked out troll, they arrived at the second to last room and two kinds of fires blocked both exits. Granger figured out the potions riddle that Severus had made, even though the twins already knew which one was the right one. Seeing that there was only enough for two people, Granger bossily ordered the twins to go through with the task, before going back. "Finally." Harry murmured as a hidden door opened and Severus stepped out. "Are you alright?" He asked, warding the doors so that no one could hear them and pulling his children into a hug. "Apart of the bruising from Granger's pulling, I'm fine." Helena muttered, burying her face in her father's chest. Harry agreed with his sister. Severus kissed them both on the top of their heads, before reluctantly letting them go."I'll go and warn Filius that I can't find you. Good luck." He whispered, before leaving. The twins both swallowed the potion and walked through the flames. They saw the fake Quirrel standing in front of a big mirror. The twins and Tom acted out their parts perfectly, the latter having felt Dumbledore's magic behind one of the pillars. Getting the stone from the mirror was way too easy. Honestly, this was supposed to protect it? With a bit of sleight of hand, Harry hid it in a hidden pocket and put a fake one in his visible ones during the fight that followed. The fake Quirrel burned and fell apart seemingly at time touch of both Harry and Helena. Tom left the golem and flew past the twins, making it seem like he was going trough them instead. Both Harry and Helena pretended to fall unconscious, hoping that they wouldn't be alone for long. Dumbledore stepped from behind one of the pillars with a smug grin. Everything went perfect, despite his worries. Now he just needed to cast some strong compulsion spells and everything would be back to how they used to be. Just as he raised his wand, hurried footsteps were heard and Severus and Filius ran in. Cursing his luck, Dumbledore was forced to retreat and watch. "Oh, Merlin. Harry, Helena! Can you hear me?" Severus called, putting so much worry in his voice that the twins had to force themselves to keep still and not react to his voice. Filius used a spell on Helena to "wake her up." Acting like she wasn't quite there, Helena slurred his name, before closing her eyes again. "We need to get them to the hospital wing." Filius told his colleague, before the two wizards lifted the twins up with magic and carried them out of the room. Now that they were safe and completely exhausted, the twins fell asleep. ".... Albus, honestly! It was that Severus and I were in time to save them that they're still alive and you honestly want to let Ms Granger and Mr Weasley off free?! They should be suspended! They brought two students into life-threatening situations." Helena heard professor Flitwick whisper in an angry voice as she slowly woke up. "They only tried to be heroes. It's all a slight misunderstanding." Dumbledore's voice replied. "Misunderstanding?!" Helena heard her father hiss from beside her bed and she instinctively flinched at the ice-cold tone in his voice. She felt him squeeze her arm. "My children faced the most dangerous wizard alive and almost died and you call that a slight misunderstanding?!" He asked in a venomous voice. Dumbledore tried to give his reasoning, but both Severus and Filius were unconvinced, before the old man left. "So, want to explain to me what really happened?" Filius asked as the twins opened their eyes. They told him that it was a long story and to come by their manor in the summer if he wanted to hear it and he agreed, before leaving. Severus hugged both his children tightly, relieved that they were alright. He had already sent the stone back to its original owners and had received a thank-you note in return. Granger and Weasley weren't suspended, but they were put on probation and spent the remaining weeks of the year in detention with Severus. The day before they left, Dumbledore called the twins into his office again. They went with Severus and Filius as the old goat tried once again to force them to go to their aunt's or the Weasley family. Severus shut it down even faster than before. "This is ridiculous, Albus. Severus is more than capable to take care of them and they will stay with him." Filius stated, having heard enough. They were quickly dismissed after that. Ravenclaw won the house cup and everyone celebrated. Dumbledore tried to give Gryffindor the cup, but even professor Mcgonagall didn't agree with that. Ravenclaw had won the cup fair and square. The twins and their friends all passed their end-of-year exams with flying colours and Severus was incredibly proud of them. Tom was safe on gringotts and would join them as soon as he felt better Sitting in the train, surrounded by their friends, now including the Weasley twins, Harry and Helena finally relaxed. Weasley and Granger still tried to force them to do their bidding, thinking that they were now friends because of the Quirrel situation. "Listen, you two. I don't know how many times times I have to repeat it, but we. Are. Not. Friends. You forced us to go with you and brought us into danger. Leave now, or you'll regret it." Helena growled, really out of patience with them. Before either could react, the Weasley twins cast some spells on them to make them change colours and they stormed off. The rest of the train ride was spent in peace and before they knew it, they were at the station. Saying goodbye to everyone, Harry and Helena went to look for Remus, but were blocked by someone. "Harry and Helena, my dears. I was so happy to hear that you were coming to stay with us. Come along now." Molly Weasley stated, grabbing their arms and started to pull them along, before loud barking was heard. A big, black dog appeared out of nowhere and growled at Molly, a very unamused Remus right next to it. "Exuse me, Mrs Weasley, but where are you taking my goddaughter and her bother to?" The werewolf asked in a seemingly calm tone. "The headmaster told me that they were staying with us for the summer, so I was taking them with me." Molly told him haughtily, finally letting go of the twins as the dog snapped its jaws at her. The dog stood in-between her and the children as Remus went to stand next to them. "It's not up to the headmaster to say where they will stay. He's not their guardian. Now, if you'll exuse us. We need to go home." Remus replied, before the three of them left. Molly and her daughter Ginny tried to protest, but the dog barked every time that they tried to speak. "Come on, Paddy." Harry called and the dog finally followed them. "Thanks Sirius." Helena muttered and Sirius wagged his tail in response. Remus had told him everything that he knew of the situation, so when he saw the evil woman try to take his pups, he had immediately blocked her attempts. They arrived at the manor and took a deep breath as they finally relaxed. Dobby gave them a glass of butterbeer to celebrate the end of first year. The twins couldn't wait for the rest of the summer, not knowing that one of their most amazing adventures yet was about to happen... Last chapter of this story, but next story won't be second year. As for Hagrid not having a dragon, it was Tom who it given her to him and since he is working with the twins and Severus, he didn't see the need for it. Chapter 13: Sequel is up! The sequel is up. It's called "the lion, the witch and the goddess." 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(collapse) Zerox on Chapter 1 Wed 23 Oct 2019 04:30PM EDT Please write more. Fantasticoncer on Chapter 1 Wed 23 Oct 2019 04:32PM EDT I will soon. I have to update my other stories too :) Glad that you love it :D Josh Spicer (joshspicer) on Chapter 1 Thu 24 Oct 2019 11:10AM EDT I was here for the Dark Harry and Luna/Harry but then I got a dose of "take our lives back" that I wasn't expecting because I didn't read all of the tags, like Boo Boo. Normally I'm not a fan of Hermione or Ginny bashing, but I'll make an exception given how absolutely o to 10 this first chapter went. Own the castle? Check. Heir to the Hogwarts houses? Check. Heir to many notable noble families? Check. Related to either Morgana or Merlin? Check. Own the hocruxes as a bonus? Check. And as another bonus, related to Odin (by magic adoption probably) and Loki. You have my attention. Now please sate my curiosity. Fantasticoncer on Chapter 1 Thu 24 Oct 2019 11:24AM EDT I hope that I can sate it ;). I'm updating another story right now, but expect a new chapter either tonight or tomorrow :) sakura_lisel on Chapter 1 Sat 26 Oct 2019 02:37AM EDT Wait why does Harry have a Loyalty potion (keyed to HERMIONE GRANGER - Administered by Albus Dumbledore November 1981). If the ONLY Loyalty potion Harry was given to him goes ALL the way back to 1981, then WHY the heck is Hermiones name listed there? Since Hermione is a muggleborn, the old coot shouldn't even KNOW she existed yet back then in order to be adding her to the ONLY Loyalty Potion Harrys been given all the way back in 1981. Last Edited Sat 26 Oct 2019 02:45AM EDT Fantasticoncer on Chapter 1 Sat 26 Oct 2019 03:15AM EDT It's mostly because most of this chapter was written when I just started writing and I didn't think of that. I'll go and change it right away. Thanks for bringing it to my attention :) Pashiradoki_83 on Chapter 1 Wed 20 Nov 2019 05:33PM EST Well. This is going to be interesting. Fantasticoncer on Chapter 1 Wed 20 Nov 2019 05:42PM EST Zerox on Chapter 2 Thu 24 Oct 2019 05:10PM EDT Great update as always. I can't wait what happens next. Fantasticoncer on Chapter 2 Thu 24 Oct 2019 05:14PM EDT Why thank you. I figured out some kind of system, so if you're lucky and my inspiration works with me, you'll get a new chapter every day :D Wondering how well Severus and Loki will get along. Heheheh... the Dursleys don't stand a chance... Dumbledore is also well and truly screwed. 😈🍿😈🍿😈🍿 Yes. Yes, he is ;) premar16 on Chapter 2 Thu 28 Nov 2019 06:03AM EST This is good I don't think you needed to add in the hel loki thing I think it just confuses things. Also if dumbles is so dangerous why put your kids in a school where he is in charge Fantasticoncer on Chapter 2 Thu 28 Nov 2019 06:09AM EST Well, this is a prequel to my very first story, so it did have to fit that story and that had Hela, thor and loki. Harry and Helena are the heirs of hogwarts castle. They can pull the rug under Dumbledore's feet if they have to. But the main reason that they went to hogwarts is that they want to bring Dumbledore down and you can't do that if you're in France or somewhere else Zerox on Chapter 3 Fri 25 Oct 2019 04:47PM EDT Fantasticoncer on Chapter 3 Fri 25 Oct 2019 04:50PM EDT oiseau1517 on Chapter 3 Sat 26 Oct 2019 10:32AM EDT Oooo, nice twist on brringing Hela in like that! I look forward to reading your story!! Thanks for writing and sharing!!! You're welcome :D Next chapter should be up later today. Glad that you like it :) Take that Dumbledore! Watch all your plans burn! Yep. He deserves it Zerox on Chapter 4 Sat 26 Oct 2019 08:16PM EDT Fantasticoncer on Chapter 4 Sun 27 Oct 2019 06:19AM EDT Oh boy. Ron really isn't doing himself any favors. Nope, but he's an idiot, so he doesn't realise it :/ Zerox on Chapter 5 Mon 28 Oct 2019 06:49PM EDT Fantasticoncer on Chapter 5 Mon 28 Oct 2019 06:51PM EDT franci_cosu on Chapter 5 Wed 30 Oct 2019 05:01PM EDT Lo adoro 😍 Non vedo l'ora di leggere il prossimo capitolo 😍 Thank you. I had no idea what you wrote, so I put it through Google translate :) 🍿🍿🍿 Hello Quirrellmort! Zerox on Chapter 7 Sun 03 Nov 2019 04:04PM EST Your story reminds of let's try again by daydreamer315 on ao3. Fantasticoncer on Chapter 7 Sun 03 Nov 2019 04:10PM EST That's actually one of my favourite bashing stories :D So it just may be that I unconsciously take inspiration from that :) Squidget1999 on Chapter 7 Mon 04 Nov 2019 02:46AM EST Interesting twist, will see where you go. Fantasticoncer on Chapter 7 Mon 04 Nov 2019 03:35AM EST sigh The idiocy... thank the Light it isn't contagious. Yeah. That's true	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line862
__label__cc	0.623648	0.376352	About Batteryvitamin Copyrights, Designs & Patents Our philosophy has always been "to make the footprints, not to follow in them". We do all our own research and development work. The proprietors, authorized distributors and valued clients hereby let it be be known that disclosure of information via this website is intended solely to promote satisfactory understanding of the disclosed concepts. No part of this disclosure may be reproduced in any form for the purpose of trade or promotion of any kind of technology, treatment, material, product or concept without the written permission from the proprietors. Registered names, trademarks and patents, even when not specified as such, are not to be considered unprotected by law. Disclosure constitutes proprietors' offer to sell products, materials and treatments, for purchase by distributor/ consumer. Authorization to use described product, material, treatment, technology in a battery system must be so confirmed by way of invoicing, as issued by the proprietors or by their authorized distributors. Disclosure does not constitute concession to acquire or dispose of by way of trade, nor consent to any use of products, materials, treatments, technologies as herein described. Permission to acquire, dispose of by way of trade or use will not be unreasonably witheld. Proprietors manufacture product for sale in own country, and also for export. Propietors may, instead of exporting, consider licensing the technology in other countries. Proprietors may consider selling patent relating to a country or countries where local industry is obviously in a much better position to promote the technology. Proprietors may consider assisting growth of industries in economically deprived areas. Patent ownership A patent is an exclusive right granted to a person(s) by government authority for an invention, to exclude others from making, using, offering for sale or selling the invention or importing the invention for a period of twenty years from date of filing. Batteryvitamin is not an improvement but an original technology. Twelve years in preparation, it is patented comprehensively in terms of material, function and structure - no aspect may be used for the purpose of manufacture, trade, nor battery treatment, without proper written authorization. Patent offices do not have jurisdiction over questions of patent infringement. Enforcing that exclusive right is entirely up to the owner of the patent, via courts of law. This can be relatively easy if the parties are happy to sit down together and work out an equitable solution, or has the potential of becoming a drawn-out and costly procedure if agreement cannot be reached. Infringement has become remarkably easy to detect: The way the internet works not only provides every business with an audience of billions, it also provides the individual members of this audience with an unobstructed view of the activities of every business. Some people believe patents are unfair. There is an element of truth in this but having no patenting system at all would probably destroy the fabric of our modern industrialized societies. Most large corporations do not hold the rights of small entity patent owners in high regard. They can be surprisingly willing to infringe patents belonging to small entities when they can see that it makes economic sense. The Patent Trial and Appeal Board can be petitioned to challenge the validity of patents. PTAB has been described as favoring big business over the small inventor. Patent owners can, however, use continuations to keep the patent "family" alive. Successful petitions can turn out to be very expensive indeed. Successful petitioners can find themselves subsequently at an unexpected disadvantage. Invalidated patents represent free issue of technology, plus an instruction manual on how to use it, to foreign low cost manufacturers, and gives them permission to flood the market with low cost quality products based on the invalidated patent. There have been some very significant changes in recent years in the way patents can be protected (42 pages pdf). Patent litigation specialists charging by the hour have been overtaken by patent litigation specialists who work on contingency: No win, no fee - win and share the proceeds. This area of legal practice has grown exponentially, (although not the number of actual cases), (Article: David L Schwartz, 54 pages pdf.). Large litigation lawfirms are increasingly representing private inventors and small businesses on this basis. Venture capital is increasingly backing contingency patent infringement litigation. The Supreme Court of the United States, eBay Inc. v. MercExchange, L.L.C., 547 U.S. 388 (2006), confirmed: "The traditional four-factor test applied by courts of equity when considering whether to award permanent injunctive relief to a prevailing plaintiff applies to disputes arising under the Patent Act. That test requires a plaintiff to demonstrate: (1) that it has suffered an irreparable injury; (2) that remedies available at law are inadequate to compensate for that injury; (3) that considering the balance of hardships between the plaintiff and defendant, a remedy in equity is warranted; and (4) that the public interest would not be disserved by a permanent injunction. "The decision to grant or deny such relief is an act of equitable discretion by the district court. Some patent holders, such as university researchers or self-made inventors, might reasonably prefer to license their patents, rather than undertake efforts to secure the financing necessary to bring their works to market themselves. Such patent holders may be able to satisfy the traditional four-factor test, and we see no basis for categorically denying them the opportunity to do so." The small business entity patent owner and the self-made inventor have finally been emancipated. BATTERYVITAMIN® US registered trademark owned by Applied Technology Limited. Basic Technical Information Batteryvitamin and Business: Enduring, Practical Introduction to Batteryvitamin 100 MPG (City-Driving) Electric Car? Better many times over than the usual ways of extending battery life. Complement to existing technology How is the Nanobarrier Formed? Lead-Acid & Internal Electroplating Reduces water consumption Sulfation pulse treatment surprise Sulfation Remedies Demystified Types of Plates Western Economies What is electroplating? Why do batteries inevitably wear out? Why Understanding Corrosion Is Important ©2020 Batteryvitamin. All rights reserved.	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line867
__label__cc	0.592069	0.407931	Replay No Comments We Tested NYC Dirt and Tasted (Yes, Tasted) London Smog June 1, 2015 By amiltonnymag (Photo: Jaime Cone) Have you ever wondered what another city’s pollution tastes like? Of course you haven’t. And yet, there it was: a tasting booth serving up smog meringue at Ideas City last Saturday. The edible experiment traps all kinds of nasty grit, grime and chemicals in an egg and sugar mixture, ruining what would have been a tasty dessert for the sake of science. At the festival put on by New Museum we not only tasted London and Atlanta but also stopped by a soil testing booth to check out what lurks in some dirt samples we collected from Tompkins Square and McCarren Parks. Here’s what we found out. There’s more than twice the amount of lead than is considered ideal for a recreational area in the soil at McCarren Park, at least in the sample we gathered from around the trunk of a large tree near the handball courts on the Union Avenue side. Various organizations have different standards, but generally you want less than 100 parts per million for growing produce and less than 400 ppm for recreational areas, explained Tatiana Morin, director of the NYC Urban Soils Institute (according to this government agency, a level of 1,200 ppm is acceptable for non-play areas). With 1,100 ppm, McCarren Park’s sample is cutting it close even for areas not meant for recreation, which probably has something to do with Brooklyn’s industrial past, Morin said, adding that it could also be related to the demolition and construction that’s been going on in the neighborhood over the past few years. “It could be due to any old building material. Lead paint is one of the biggest ones,” she said. Even though lead paint and leaded gasoline have been outlawed for decades, their presence lingers forever, layering more and more lead on the soil. “The only way to get rid of it is to remove or bury it,” Morin said. The bikini-clad sunbathers who’ve lately materialized in Tompkins Square Park will be happy to know that the soil we gathered there, in a dusty patch near one of the gates (just inches from several prostrate people’s toes) had a more acceptable level of 271 parts per million. Morin explained that PH levels are also important when determining how human-friendly the soil is; a neutral pH will help keep toxins locked in the soil, while dirt with an acidic pH can act as a “release button” for harmful chemicals. Neutral soil has a pH of 6.5 to 7.5. At McCarren Park’s pH of 5.8 “you start to release pollutants off, and they can get taken up by plants,” said Morin. Once again, Tompkins Square Park’s dirt proved superior; at 6.63 it fell into the neutral zone. Whether or not these findings are indicative of how harmful or safe the soil really is, it’s hard to say. The sunbathers may be increasing their immunity by exposing themselves to whatever bacteria or parasites are in the well-used grass, or they may just be increasing their likelihood of picking up a disease, Moran said. “People tend to think of the skin as a protective barrier, but it’s one of the largest absorbing organs in the body,” she added. “That’s why topical medicine is so popular, and the exposure is not always benign.” Having gained a healthy level of anxiety about what’s going on beneath our feet, it was time to be creeped out about the air we breathe. The Finish Cultural Institute of New York, with the Center for Genomic Gastronomy and Edible Geography, was serving smog meringue: tiny, sugary treats filled with enough noxious gas and grit that anyone wanting to try one had to read a disclaimer saying the seemingly innocent plop of pastry could potentially, possibly, maybe make you sick. And yet many people, this reporter included, ate them anyway. They were designed to convey the taste of air in different cities by taking each area’s specific pollutants and whipping them into the egg whites used to make meringue. It’s a culinary approach to a scientific problem–a way to make people understand how pollutants affect our lives in a sensory way, said Gabriel Harp. We’ll let him explain the science behind it, and how the project came about, in the video below: “When you normally whip meringue, it’s white,” said Nichola Twilley of Edible Geography. “These turned out yellow.” And yes, it tasted bad. It started off okay, sugar being the dominant flavor at first, and then it melted to release the full effect, with a sinister aftertaste that’s hard to describe. “LA was a little bit savory. I don’t know if I want to know what made it that way, but there was a little something at the end,” said Michael McDonald of Fort Greene. “London was the best,” his wife, Meagan McDonald, chimed in. “London had the least amount of aftertaste,” Michael agreed. “I’m still tasting LA.” Megan nodded, sucking her teeth. “Atlanta is lingering.” Tags: environment, Ideas City, Lower East Side, mccarren park, science, The New Museum, tompkins square park « Kevin Smith On Losing 80 Pounds and Getting Called Out By Courtney Love » Dev Hynes, Jake Shears and Others Paid Tribute to Arthur Russell’s ‘Magical Spirit’	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line870
__label__cc	0.555985	0.444015	Home Social Media Consumer Brands Like Samsung, LG Plan To Boycott/Sue Flipkart After Big Billion... Consumer Brands Like Samsung, LG Plan To Boycott/Sue Flipkart After Big Billion Day Sale Mohit Marwah - Last Updated: October 8, 2014 2:28 pm After making sure that the entire heads roll on Flipkart’s Big Billion Day Sale. The e-commerce giant seems to have never ending problems as of now. The big consumer brands like Samsung, Sony and LG are planning to either boycott or sue Flipkart because of the low prices that were offered to the public on the Big Billion Day Sale. According to the report published in the Times of India, one of the higher level managers of an undisclosed company said, “This is a clear case of predatory pricing just to shoot up traffic at their website, and build up valuations unrealistically. This is not acceptable and we will ensure that this does not happen again.” On the Big Billion Day Sale, Flipkart not only sent heat waves among customers with one of the lowest prices on display for the most sought after consumer products. But, it made the retailing giants feel that their market is completely destroyed. Kumar Rajgopalan, CEO, Retailers Association of India, said: “e-commerce players have always given price sops and brick and mortar players are aware of this. Online stores are like a mall on the net. Retailers themselves are looking at omni-retail channels. It is still too early to say if the discounting has had any impact on sales.” Another report published by the Hindu Business line, the functioning of Flipkart under legal norms came into the picture. “Market-places should technically provide only technology. How have companies like Flipkart achieved such a huge sale when they don’t own inventories? Clearly, they are hand-in-glove with the sellers and would have made anywhere between 5 per cent and 20 per cent,” said Praveen Khandelwal, of CAIT. Another defining problem that comes into serious consideration is with these lower prices offered by Flipkart that makes it seem that you’re buying from grey market. Warranties are still provided when there isn’t a warranty even in grey market. The most striking aspect about the sales being high in online portals is the fact that consumers are usually in the age group of 18-30 years which ironically constitute most amount of the sales that India has. Future Group CEO Kishore Biyani said: “Our laws don’t allow us to sell below the cost price. This is against fair trade practices.” Whether laws of selling with such low prices are applicable or not is still to be seen. Whether consumer goods will completely boycott Flipkart or not is still to be seen. What we’ve already seen is that Flipkart has changed the way India’s consumer shops. Will we run out of money or will we run out of products when we shop the next time on Flipkart is still to be seen though. Recommended: Social Media Reacts To Flipkart’s Big Billion Day Sale Google has updated its Chrome web-browser with an important feature that makes it easier for users to control audio and video. The browser now... Samsung on Friday announced the sale of 'The Frame QLED TV' in 55-inch and 65-inch sizes, during the Flipkart Republic Day Sale from January... Amazon Adding 10,000 E-Rickshaws to its Delivery Fleet in India: Jeff Bezos Amazon founder and CEO, Jeff Bezos, has announced that his company is building electric rickshaws in India as part of its efforts to help... Samsung to Launch 5G Variants of Galaxy A71, A51 in US: Report With 5G expected to become more commonplace in several parts of the world this year, Samsung may be planning to launch multiple mid-range smartphones... If you frequently back up your iPhone on Mac but forget to remove the old backups after the new ones are made, chances are...	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line872
__label__cc	0.630393	0.369607	New! Deploy Bonsai in your AWS Account with Bonsai Vaults → Bonsai Logo Why Bonsai? Docs Blog Contact Oxfam switches from AWS Elasticsearch to Bonsai. The Challenge: AWS Elasticsearch was taking too much time Oxfam America’s website drives millions of dollars in donations. Their website’s stories, fact sheets, press releases, and case studies explain why these donations are so critical in Oxfam’s fight against poverty. The small team at Oxfam needed an easy way to publish content on their site, and a reliable and fast way to search it. They realized that switching to the CMS Wagtail would make content creation easier. Unfortunately, they were struggling to get their search engine up and running. Like many web teams, the Oxfam America team didn’t have an Elasticsearch expert on hand. Jessica Ingari, a Senior Web Designer at Oxfam, turned to AWS at first. “We had planned to use AWS Elasticsearch, but we are a small team with limited resources and we were struggling to get it set up in a cost effective and efficient way. We were able to get it up and running, but it was going to be way more expensive than we had anticipated,” recalls Jessica. “Being novice Elasticsearch users, I am sure there were things we were not optimizing correctly so we could have brought our AWS cost down. At the time we were rebuilding our entire CMS, and didn’t have the staff time to dedicate to figuring it out.” The Solution: Wagtail and Bonsai make it easy to build a searchable site Since AWS Elasticsearch was proving to be more work than it was worth, the team at Oxfam America turned elsewhere. Oxfam had never heard of Bonsai until they noticed that Wagtail integrated with it out of the box. She realized that unlike AWS, Bonsai was easy to optimize, and came with helpful support with every plan. “Bonsai was super quick and easy to get up and running with Elasticsearch,” recalls Jessica. “It required no prior Elasticsearch expertise, and we had our initial index up and running in a matter of minutes.” Unlike many other open source CMSes, Wagtail also provides basic documentation to integrate their CMS with Elasticsearch, and makes integration simple. The team at Oxfam America leveraged their best practices guides to integrate Elasticsearch into the publishing process. “We are using the built-in Wagtail commands to update the index,” explains Jessica. “Additions and deletions are handled as part of the publishing process, then we additionally run an update index command once a week to ensure the index is up to date. This is all part of the built-in update_index command that is provided for in Wagtail.” Elasticsearch has many versions, and Oxfam initially had to integrate with 5.3. “We had a unique situation with needing an older version of Elasticsearch to align with some of the code we were running,” says Jessica. Fortunately, the Bonsai staff was able to help with the migration with no issues. “As I mentioned above, Bonsai support has been exceptional. They were very speedy to answer questions and help, even before we had set up our account. Bonsai provides some of the best customer support I have come across.” The Results: Site search made simple The Oxfam America was able to get Wagtail up, running, and searchable in a reasonable amount of time. Now that they no longer have to worry about sinking too much time and money into Elasticsearch, they can focus on optimizing their search experience. “Currently, we’re just using the best practices laid out by Wagtail, but we will be interested in leveraging the benefits Elasticsearch provides as time goes on,” explains Jessica. Overall, the team at Oxfam America was happy with their decision to switch from AWS Elasticsearch. “For us, it makes much more sense to use a service like Bonsai where the setup is straightforward, the cost structure simple (and reasonable!) and the support readily available.” Jessica Ingari, Senior Web Designer, Oxfam Oxfam is a global organization working to end the injustice of poverty. They help people build better futures for themselves, hold the powerful accountable, and save lives in disasters. Search Goals Implement Elasticsearch in a hassle-free way The Oxfam web team doesn’t have Elasticsearch experts on staff AWS Elasticsearch took too much time to manage The team had other pressing priorities besides search Bonsai was easy to set up, and has excellent support. The Oxfam team could “set it and forget it” Oxfam saved money after switching from AWS Elasticsearch Make your Elasticsearch implementation worry-free. Bonsai helps you get the most out of Elasticsearch with a support team to keep you up-and-running Bonsai helps you get the most out of Elasticsearch with a support team to keep you up-and-running. Contact our team Sign Up Heroku Add-on One More Cloud The search experts. Makers of Bonsai and Websolr. Subscribe to product updates: Elasticsearch is a trademark of Elasticsearch BV. Apache and Apache Lucene are trademarks of the Apache Software Foundation. Copyright © 2019 One More Cloud, Inc.	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line878
__label__wiki	0.845331	0.845331	THE STRANGE, DARK NIGHTS OF ROMANIA’S BEAR DANCERS Weekly_Article January 3, 2016 [TRAVEL ★★★] (P1) To OUTSIDERS, the sight of a TROUPE of dancing bears, DECKED OUT in blood-red TASSELS, STOMPING through the snowy streets of a small Romanian town might be a strange, almost SINISTER sight. (P2) But for those who live in Romania’s eastern Moldova region, the arrival of the bears – who are actually local RESIDENTS wearing real bearskins — is a time of celebration. (P3) The event takes place every year between Christmas and New Year’s. (P4) It’s a TRADITION that, until recently, few beyond the TIGHT-KNIT RURAL communities of the Trotus Valley have WITNESSED. (P5) But a series of images by New York-based photographer Diana Zeyneb Alhindawi has captured this mysterious ceremony and brought it to a wider audience. (P6) Alhindawi, a former aid worker now PURSUING photo projects mainly in Africa, is half-Romanian and lived there until she was 8, when her family left as REFUGEES, first to Canada and then New York. (P7) “The bear dances were always one of my favorite memories,” she tells CNN. “It’s a joyous event, although the dancers don’t look that way in the pictures — they’re trying to look FIERCE.” (P8) Alhindawi’s beautiful images show men and women in full bear COSTUMES, PARADING through the streets in and around her old HOMETOWN, Moinesti. (P9) The bear dancing is meant to DRIVE AWAY evil spirits. (P10) According to Alhindawi, the tradition owes its origins to the time when local GYPSIES, also known as Roma, would come into towns from the forests in which they lived, bringing real bears with them. (P11) Alhindawi says this took place as recently as the 1930s. (P12) Her grandmother, now in her 80s, recalls seeing Roma leading bears on LEASHES down from the forest when she was five or six years old. (P13) “Roma don’t write their history down,” says Alhindawi. “I’ve done research but no one can FIGURE OUT how they went from live bears to people dressed as bears.” (P14) The costumes involved in the dance are actual bearskins. (P15) While bear dancing was once EXCLUSIVELY a Roma activity, Alhindawi says the Roma can no longer afford it. A ban on bear hunting has ESCALATED the price of the skins up to €2,000 ($2,200). (P16) Most Roma, she says, are poor. They have sold their old bearskins and can’t afford new ones. (P17) Even though the bear dancing tradition is still CHERISHED by locals, Alhindawi says it’s in danger of disappearing as local cultures are DILUTED by Western influences and many people leave Romania for other countries. (P18) “Romania has a problem because there are few jobs,” says Alhindawi. “Young people go to Italy or Spain or other places to work. (P19) “In the rural VILLAGES, it’s mostly older people and very young kids who are left. Everyone else is gone.” (P20) She says she hopes her photos will help PIQUE international interest in the tradition and perhaps bring visitors to an area that few tourists know about. SOURCE: http://edition.cnn.com/2015/11/01/travel/cnnphotos-bear-dance/index.html Bears are not common animals, but are found in small numbers in many countries around the world. Does your country have bears? Are there any unusual folk traditions in the rural villages of your country? How do you celebrate the coming of the New Year? Do you celebrate both the Western and Chinese New Years? Do you take a lot of photographs when you travel? What do you like to take photographs of? Tight-knit Figure out ACID FROM TRAIN WRECK LEAKS INTO NEARBY RIVER MEXICO CITY SUFFERS INTENSE AIR POLLUTION Weekly_Article March 27, 2016 U.N. says refugee numbers at record level HAPPY BIRTHDAY, BUGS BUNNY! Weekly_Article July 31, 2015	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line898
__label__cc	0.614337	0.385663	Working with your suppliers towards GDPR compliance By Dyann Heward Mills The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) comes into effect on May 25, 2018 and organizations (large and small) are currently preparing for the new regime. As an evolution of the current data protection legal framework, the GDPR will also apply with extraterritorial effect to organizations based outside the EU that offer goods and services to, or monitor individuals in, the EU. Data accountability The GDPR places increased focus on the principle of accountability, which requires organizations that process data to demonstrate compliance with the core principles of data protection—from lawfulness, fairness, and transparency to data minimization. However, accountability doesn’t stop at data flows within your organization. Given how data often moves to and between other companies you work with, from payroll providers to cloud productivity services, your relationship with suppliers is also a critical factor in your compliance journey. Same fundamental principles—higher bar The GDPR builds upon the current legal framework, including the existing EU Data Protection Directive, but imposes a more prescriptive data protection regime than under the current law. This includes the area of processing arrangements. The GDPR retains many of the basic concepts and principles from the current law, such as the roles of controllers and processors. Controllers are defined as those responsible for determining the purposes and means of the processing of personal data, while processors are organizations who may be engaged by a controller to process personal data on their behalf, such as an agent or supplier. While the GDPR should not create a completely new relationship between your organization as the controller and your suppliers as the processors, it will place greater emphasis on the role of processors by directly regulating their actions for the first time. As it stands, the existing directive generally regulates controllers and not processors. Focus on security The GDPR obliges controllers to use appropriate security standards and to choose processors who implement technical and organizational measures that meet its requirements. This is a broader obligation than under the current directive and therefore controllers should carefully select a processor that can help their GDPR compliance strategy. In some cases, suppliers may also be a critical resource in helping your own business prepare and may have tools in place to assist you in your compliance journey. The GDPR will impact on every aspect of the processing relationship. This begins from the moment you’re selecting a processor, proceeds to the content you must include in the processing contract and continues through to the end of that arrangement and how data is dealt with at this stage. Supplier checklist Under the GDPR, there are certain specific obligations that you, as the controller, should be confident that your supplier is complying with. These include maintaining adequate documentation (Article 30), cooperating with national supervisory authorities (Article 31), implementing appropriate security standards (Article 32), conducting data protection impact assessments (Article 35), appointing a data protection officer (Article 37), and complying with the provisions on international data transfers (Chapter V). Further enhanced obligations under Article 28 require a written data processing agreement to be put in place between you and your supplier. Supply chain assessment The process for checking the health of a controller-supplier relationship is broadly two-fold. Firstly, supply chains will need to be assessed to determine current compliance with GDPR. Secondly, in many cases contracts may need to be reviewed to ensure they meet the requirements of GDPR. Organizations should be taking action now to ensure that any arrangements which will still be in force after May 25, 2018 comply with the new provisions. This includes both new arrangements, when selecting and contracting with new suppliers, and existing engagements, where sufficient time must be scheduled if it is necessary to renegotiate existing terms. Of course, GDPR compliance across your organization does not begin or end with the relationship with your supplier–it means thinking more broadly about how data moves around and is protected in your organization. Even so, suppliers should be an important partner on your road to GDPR compliance. Dyann Heward-Mills is the Head of the Data Protection and Cyber Security Practice Group in Baker McKenzie's London office. Dyann Heward Mills Collaboration in higher education: Sync fast and share large files How Dropbox customers keep creative energy flowing Dropbox, New York Times Magazine kick off 52-week “Behind the Cover” series By Jessica English ITDMs weigh in on workplace trends By Charles Thornton 4 tips for digital transformation from Germany’s Ebner Media Group By George Baier Dropbox selected as storage and collaboration platform for major broadcaster By Philip Lacor How IndieWire uses Dropbox Business to keep its teams on the same page By Alice Tynan We’re committed to protecting your personal data By Mark Crosbie Where does the GDPR apply? By Cathal McDermott Unleashing creative energy at the 2018 Sundance Film Festival By Carolyn Feinstein	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line904
__label__cc	0.740632	0.259368	GameSessions Blog How do you discover new PC games? 27th August 2015 20th January 2016 Niall Surveys A few weeks back we asked you guys how you discover new PC games. We wondered whether Steam sales are the way to go, whether it’s all about your mates’ Facebook posts or if it’s reviews and Youtube videos that are more likely to tempt you. Yes, I know it’s only a survey but I actually find the results quite interesting. I don’t think anyone was surprised by the prevalence of Steam sales and browsing to discover new PC games, it’s the biggest game distribution platform on the planet after all, so that shouldn’t have come as a surprise to anyone. However, what did surprise me was the amount of people who still use reviews to discover games they might want to play/purchase. Growing up, the “gaming press” was where we went for our gaming news and reviews (subscriptions to PlayStation Magazine were a regular Christmas gift), but these days I figured respecting the traditional games press was a thing people just didn’t do. What with these kiddos and their youtubes. But it was nice to see that I was completely wrong, and that both traditional press and Youtube hold an important place in gamer’s minds. It’s quite common for people to disregard the influence that advertising has in their decision to buy a game, but I wonder how much of an impact it actually does have (subconsciously of course). I’m certainly more aware of new title releases (that I don’t even care about) than I should be, and get strange feelings of déjà vu when a new title is officially released on Steam. Subconscious stuff aside, there are people out there (some of whom may be in this very office!) who chose to watch the Fallout 4 trailer, on repeat, about 30 times in a row. Lastly, to the tiny percent of you who said your friend’s opinions aren’t important, I bet you’re really fun at parties. Anyway guys, as I said, those were some very surface level readings that I thought you might find interesting and a good jumping off point for a conversation. Let us know what you make of these results in the comments below, and if you haven’t already, then tell us how you discover new PC games. blog game discovery Games GameSessions gs-home survey Video Games SEGA is Giving Gamers the Chance to Try Before They Buy Quick Picks – Great Games to Pick up and Play The Kings Bird Giveaway! (Offer ends 04/09/2019) The GameSessions Desktop Client Fantastic offers on Warner Bros. Games. Our top 5 space games GRID Autosport Giveaway! (Offer ends 29/05/2019) Why not try… GameSessions © 2020 Tangentix Ltd. All trademarks are property of their respective owners in the UK, US & other countries.	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line907
__label__cc	0.680557	0.319443	I made the switch to catalin.red I’ve never been a big fan of my very own domain name. Besides the fact that it was quite long, I really hated the hyphens for red-team-design.com. Two hyphens, the mistakes of my youth. I gave up to my old red-team-design.com domain and made the switch to catalin.red domain. I submitted to Google Search Console a request for a site move. I updated my Jekyll website that is hosted on GitHub Pages in order to reflect the changes. I used CloudFlare in order get SSL enabled on GitHub Pages and still use a custom domain. Google Change of Address One of the most important things to think about when preparing to switch domains is what Google has to say about that. The catch is that you need all the website variants added to Google Search Console, with working redirects, in order to go further. To use the change of address tool, all variants for the old site and new site must be added and verified in Webmaster Tools. from Webmaster Central Help Forum So, I did add all the variants, in order to be able to request the change of address. http://catalin.red http://www.catalin.red https://catalin.red https://www.catalin.red http://red-team-design.com http://www.red-team-design.com https://red-team-design.com https://www.red-team-design.com I had some issues with trying to add 301 redirects using GoDaddy from red-team-design.com to this domain as they only allow a kind of forwarding instead the 301 redirect. So, currently I’m using CloudFlare in order to add the above 301 redirects and to take advantage of their Universal SSL option and HTTP/2 for the site you’re reading right now. As you may already know, GitHub Pages doesn’t support SSL on custom domains, so here’s where CloudFlare might come in handy. I moved away from Feedburner and now I’m trying a new email service called Elevatr. I just hope in the future I’ll be able to write more and manage to send better newsletter emails to you. After moving my DNS from Name.com to CloudFlare I lost the ability to use Name.com as a mail forwarder. For anyone not sure what mail forwarding is, well, this allows you to receive emails at [email protected] and have it automatically forwarded somewhere else, like your personal Gmail account. So, I got a free Mailgun account and set up the same thing. You can now reach me, like any time, at [email protected]. Last but not least, I made some minor updates for the logo, typography and overall look and feel. It’s not rocket surgery but I feel pretty proud about it, so go check out the GitHub repository. Visually validate an input field using CSS Thoughts on accessibility Have any questions or comments about this post? Email me at [email protected] or ping me on Twitter at @catalinred. Twitter GitHub Dribbble Instagram © 2020 Catalin Rosu. Feel free to use the articles you may find here in your projects, with or without any attribution.	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line912
__label__cc	0.697806	0.302194	12th Grade ELA (Caitlin Chiller) Unit 1: Metaphysical Poets Unit 2: The Romantic Poets Unit 3: Senior Argumentative Thesis Unit 4: Bias and Accuracy in Historical Movies: Argo Unit 5: Beowulf Unit 6: Frankenstein Unit 7: Canterbury Tales - The Wife of Bath's Tale Unit 8: Canterbury Tales - A Knight's Tale Unit 9: The Two Gentlemen of Verona Unit 10: Sherlock Holmes & Detective Fiction LESSON 1: An Introduction to Viking Culture LESSON 2: Who Put the "H" in Hrothgar? LESSON 3: Beowulf Meets Crazy Horse LESSON 4: Beowulf and the Coast Guard LESSON 5: Power and Starburst LESSON 6: The Fight with Grendel LESSON 7: Where are the Ladies? LESSON 8: Advice from a King LESSON 9: Peer-Review LESSON 10: Revisions and Final Drafts LESSON 11: A Dragon Awakens LESSON 12: A Hero's Death...What Next? Whom Would You Follow? Power and Boasting Reading Assignment & Homework Power and Starburst SWBAT understand the power dynamic present in Beowulf and the concept of wergild or 'death price' What is the link between power and leadership? What are the different ways effective leaders exert authority? SL.11-12.1 Initiate and participate effectively in a range of collaborative discussions (one-on-one, in groups, and teacher-led) with diverse partners on grades 11-12 topics, texts, and issues, building on others' ideas and expressing their own clearly and persuasively. This lesson is part of a series of lessons on Beowulf. In this lesson I want students to understand the power dynamic between Hrothgar and Beowulf. Using Manipulatives in an English Classroom I found this idea on a teacher's blog when I first put this lesson together and of the last five classes I taught it worked very well. My goal is for students to understand the power dynamic between Hrothgar and Beowulf and how kings created and held power. I take a bag of Starburst candies and hold them up explaining that they are gold. I then walk around the room distributing the candies two to one person, five to another, and to one person in the room a big enough pile that kids can't count how much that person has. If your class size is less than ten you can include everyone in this activity, otherwise pick five or six students; enough of a range of personalities that kids understand this is about human behavior. I then ask the kids three questions in this order: What are you going to do with your gold? Why did you choose to give it to that person? What do you expect in return? Every year pretty much the same thing happens. The kids with only a little gold decide to give their gold to the kid who has the most. When I ask them why, they usually think about it a little bit and decide the gold is safer with the person who has more. Sometimes this surprises them, because they made the decision simply because other students around them made that decision, or they made it without thinking. Pretty much every kid agrees that they expect protection and to eventually get some gold back from the person they gave it to. Procedures lesson learned: I tried to include everyone in class of 17 this year, and I made two mistakes that affected the outcome. One, I gave two kids big piles, and two I gave gold to everyone. In a large class this creates two problems: one, the kids formed alliances, and two there was more democratic sharing going on. The kid with more decided to divide up the gold to the other kids. That never happened before, and I think it is because he was surrounded by six other kids. Also, some of the kids simply sat and watched what the others did, and really didn't participate. When I refocused, and only included five kids then it went the way I expected. Also, the kids not participating, were okay with just watching. What usually ends up happening with this activity is that kids have a much better understanding of the importance of generosity in maintaining power, and the need for alliance when attaining wealth. They end up with a deeper meaning of the kenning "ring-giver" and why Grendel's greediness is repeatedly mentioned as something to be disdained. One of the unique aspects of Beowulf is the formal boasting that takes place before Beowulf fights Grendel. First, I have students read lines 499-607 where Unferth challenges Beowulf's resume as a hero. We discuss the language of the too warriors, how Unferth suggests that Beowulf tired in the race, and Breca was the winner. Then we look at the way Beowulf makes Unferth's challenge look false, and how he insults Unferth by calling out his failure to rid Heorot of Grendel. I ask the students how Beowulf has used boasting to his advantage and why Hrothgar applauds Beowulf's boasting. They agree that it's Beowulf's way of proving himself and gaining Hrothgar's trust. If he didn't talk about what he had done in the past, Hrothgar wouldn't know what he's capable of. They also think that showing confidence makes him seem more capable, unlike Unferth who tries to bring Beowulf down by focusing on his supposed failures, Beowulf focuses on himself and what he has done and thinks he can do. At the end of class I assign lines 1158-1650 which describes Beowulf's fight with Grendel's mother and 1677-1786 which describes Hrothgar's advice and the Danes celebration and Grendel and his mother's death. I also give them the next set of questions to be handed in the next day. Questions for Beowulf 2.doc Student Answers to Beowulf Questions #2.pdf Introduction to Identity 11th Grade ELA Â» Exploring Identity Martha Soto Gatsby's Review: Themes, Dreams, and Schemes 11th Grade ELA Â» The Great Gatsby Julie Ferreira Name That Function 11th Grade ELA Â» The Function of Language Erik Sussbauer, Ed. D. Shelburne Falls MA	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line913
__label__wiki	0.578201	0.578201	How to watch live streaming video of Microsoft’s big Xbox launch event Zach Epstein @zacharye After years of leaks, rumors and speculation, Microsoft’s next-generation Xbox will finally be unveiled on Tuesday during a press conference in Redmond, Washington. Recent reports suggest that the new “Xbox 720,” “Xbox Infinity” or whatever else it might be called will feature vastly improved specs such as an eight-core processor, 8GB of RAM, an 800MHz graphics processor, a 50GB 6x Blu-ray drive, gigabit ethernet connectivity and enhanced TV features. The new console may also require an always-on Internet connection to play games, though reports on that front have conflicted. We’ll know all there is to know shortly, however, and here’s how to watch all the action live from your computer, Xbox or smartphone: UPDATE: Microsoft has unveiled the Xbox One — read all about it right here. First, Microsoft plans to stream the Xbox launch event live on its Xbox website. Users can visit the launch hub on Xbox.com to watch the live video stream, assuming Microsoft’s servers hold up. For those of you who already own an Xbox 360, you’ll notice a large new “XboxReveal” tile on your dashboard. Clicking it will take you to a live stream and you can watch the unveiling right on your TV. Finally, users can stream the Xbox launch event right to their Windows Phone 8 handsets by visiting the app market and downloading Microsoft’s Live Events Player app. Unfortunately, older Windows Phone devices won’t have access to the stream, and neither will iOS or Android devices. The show kicks off at 1:00 p.m. EDT, 10:00 a.m. PDT and we’ll also be covering all the news as it breaks here on BGR.com. Tags: microsoft, xbox, Xbox 720, Xbox Infinity, Xbox One 10 hidden iPhone tricks you’ve been missing all this time in iOS 13 By Zach Epstein 2 days ago Disney just revealed how this year’s biggest MCU Phase 4 movie will connect to ‘Endgame’ By Chris Smith 2 days ago	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line917
__label__cc	0.59728	0.40272	Bom HC \| Ayurvedic certificate holder who trespassed into field of Allopathy thereby causing death of two persons convicted for causing death by negligence Published on May 22, 2019 By Devika Bombay High Court: Swapna Joshi, J. partly allowed a criminal appeal and altered the conviction of the appellant — an Ayurvedic certificate holder — from the one under Section 304 (II) IPC to that under Section 304-A IPC. The appellant was convicted for causing the death of two deceased persons. The deceased had visited the appellant for treatment of knee pain. The appellant, who was not qualified as a doctor/medical practitioner, administered an injection to the deceased. Both the deceased persons, after administration of the injection, developed lumps which resulted in their deaths. The appellant was convicted under Section 304 (II) IPC and Section 33 of the Maharashtra Medical Practitioner Act, 1961. Aggrieved thereby, the appellant filed the present appeal. According to the High Court: “The accused was not registered as a medical practitioner. He was simply a certificate holder in Ayurvedic Medicine. He was under a statutory duty not to enter the filed of any other system of medicines as he was not qualified in other system i.e. allopathy. The accused trespassed into a prohibited field and therefore he is liable to be prosecuted under Section 33 of the Maharashtra Medical Practitioners Act, 1961.” However, the Court was of the view that his conviction for committing culpable homicide not amounting to murder was liable to be altered to causing death by negligence. Holding that the appellant had no knowledge the injury was likely to cause death, the High Court observed: The learned trial Judge should have considered the evidence led by the prosecution witnesses in its right perspective. In the instant case, the accused did not have a knowledge that the death was likely to be caused due to the act of administering unsterilised injections. It appears that the accused in good-faith has treated both the deceased to relieve them from knee pain from which they were suffering. The conduct of the accused shows that the accused has taken Muktabai from one doctor to the other to save her life, however, unfortunately, she succumbed to her injuries and died due to septicemia which was developed due to the piercing of the injections. There is no convincing evidence on record to show that the accused had a knowledge that due to the piercing of the injection, the lump would be created, due to which, septicemia would cause.” Resultantly, the criminal appeal filed by the appellant was partly allowed in the terms above. [Bhupal Malayya Agbattini v. State of Maharashtra, Crl. Appeal no. 406 of 2018, decided on 09-04-2019] Tagged with: conviction, criminal appeal, death by negligence, Section 304-A IPC, Section 304-II IPC Written by Devika Previous storyCal HC \| Grievances ought to be first filed in the competent civil forum, before preferring a writ petition in High Court Next storyDSNLU \| National Seminar on Copy right and Internet revolution Guidelines issued for streamlining the prosecution in cases of Human Trafficking By Editor Published on December 2, 2015 December 14, 2015 Kar HC \| Evidence not to be re-appreciated at revisional stage if lower courts return concurrent findings By Devika Published on May 15, 2019 May 15, 2019 Case BriefsSupreme Court Criminal proceeding under S. 307 IPC can’t be quashed on the basis of complainant and accused’s settlement By Prachi Bhardwaj Published on January 4, 2019 January 11, 2019	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line925
__label__cc	0.573178	0.426822	The Money Shed Forum Top Money Making Posts 20 Work from home jobs for Mums Top 30 Surveys for Money Setting up as a sole trader – Everything you need to know about being Self Employed in the UK How to Get Money Fast The Working from home Toolkit – How to earn over £1000 a month from home Curve Card Review – Just how much can it REALLY save you? + £5 FREE! 10 Amazing Online jobs for Students 10 Best Ways to Make Money in An Hour Online Tutoring Jobs in the UK that pay over £11 an hour! 6 Freelance Jobs You Can Do Working From Home Maru Voice UK members earn over £50,000 per month taking paid surveys 10 Creative ways to make money How to earn thousands doing Mystery Shopping in the UK Respondent – Get paid up to $250 per study! FluidStack Review – How to earn $50 a month! Win Money for Free – The Ultimate Guide Roamler – The Best Smartphone Task App Have you seen BeMyEye’s new app? 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Alertr – Keep Yourself Updated with the Latest Deals Best Cashback Sites – A Beginner’s Guide The TRUE cost of having a Summer Holiday break as a parent Are theme parks in Florida REALLY worth all that money? How to pay less for Airport Parking and have more money for sandwiches! Totally Blogging Who Are the Wealthiest Poker Players Ever? by themoneyshed Poker is a game which turned dozens of players into millionaires. However, only a couple of them are multi-millionaires, and the list below displays the current state of affairs among poker professionals. Those presented in this list are the wealthiest players of poker at the moment. Please take into account that the game of poker is a dynamic one and this list could change in a year or two. Phil Ivey Phil is not only a professional poker player but also a casino lover. Instead of going to Casinopedia and getting great welcome bonuses for online casinos, he decided to visit land-based ones and even engaged in fraudulent behavior, tricking several blackjack dealers and earning a couple of million dollars that way. Nevertheless, Phil’s infamous casino history can be forgotten if we take into account his poker achievements. By the time he was 23, Phil had already won three WSOP bracelets and was a poker multi-millionaire. Steve O’Dwyer Steve O’Dwayer is an American poker player who enjoys playing various high roller tournaments. Just like a couple of his colleagues from this list, he was heavily inspired by Christ Moneymaker who won the 2003 World Series of Poker. He played poker on campus and started building his career towards becoming a top-notch professional of this game, earning $26 million from poker tournaments. Antonio Esfandiari Born in Teheran, Iran as Amir Esfandiary, Antonio Esfandiari made a lot of success as a poker player after he moved to LA. He used to be a magician before that, and it was a logical turn of events that he decided to become a poker player. Esfandiari won the largest single cash prize in Big One for One Drop in 2012 when he managed to claim $18,346,673. At the moment, Antonio has earned approximately $27 million by playing poker. Daniel Colman Colman is a young poker prodigy born in 1990 and currently owning a total of $28.9 million from poker tournaments. He is known in the poker world for winning the $1,000,000 buy-in Big One for One Drop back in 2014 which was a part of the WSOP. He played the heads-up against Negreanu and managed to win the first-place cash prize worth $15,306,668. At that moment, Colman was turning 24. David Peters is another poker player who recently saw a huge jump due to his outstanding performance on a couple of tournaments. He currently has $30 million in his pocket, and it seems that his career is going up with a breakneck pace. Although he is only 31 at the moment, he also started playing poker very early and played his first major tournament at the age of 17. Fedor Holz is also known as the “wunderkind,” and he managed to top the All-time Money list in Germany in a very short period. His best live cash at the moment is $6 million, and he is considered the third most popular poker player at the moment. Fedor is 25 at the moment, but he managed to earn his first live cash when he was only 17. From then on, his poker career skyrocketed upwards. Erik Seidel If we were to include money earned outside of poker, Erik Seidel would top this list as he is also very successful in stocks investment. Focusing just on poker, Seidel is still one of the most respected poker players in the world with more than $34 million in his pocket from poker tournaments. This New Yorker was actually in the first place for some time before Negreanu overtook him. Daniel Negreanu Negreanu’s infinite charisma and poker-playing skills make him a perfect role model for people who just started playing poker. He is able to study opponents’ facial expressions and learn more about them only by looking in their eyes. Apart from winning dozens of important poker tournaments, Negreanu is also a passionate poker teacher, with the fanbase of millions following his every step. He has earned $39.8 million from tournaments. Justin Bonomo This time last year, Bonomo wasn’t even in the top 10 money list. However, 2018 was a phenomenal year for him as he managed to win a couple of super high roller tournaments and secure top spot by the end of the year. According to The Hendon Mob all-time money list, Bonomo earned almost $44 million from poker. What’s more, it seems that he has just started and that his future would be even brighter. 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Earning Money Online (341) Saving Money (551) TMS 30 Day Money Making Bootcamp (20) Totally Blogging (46) Latest Money Shed Forum posts Lionbridge OPPORTUNITY- Website evaluators aged 35+ [OT] TopCashBack Let's fucking smash January! Come on in! Win cash AND share how you make money x Appen on Android? Does anybody freelance as a Copy Writer?	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line928
__label__cc	0.617878	0.382122	Laura Höldrich-Wölke Rechtsanwältin, Associate Start / Professionals / Laura Höldrich-Wölke Berlin / +49 30 3279420 / woelke@buse.de Laura Höldrich-Wölke is a lawyer and Associate at Buse Heberer Fromm`s Berlin office. She provides advice to individuals and commercial enterprises in all matters of Press and Privacy Law. Her main areas of expertise include advising in the matters of false reporting or privacy violations. The scope of her advice includes both the period before an impending reporting, as well as the enforcement of the claims of the affected party in court. In addition, Laura Höldrich-Wölke works in Copyright and Media Law. This includes in particular the copyright contract law, as well as the defense against copyright infringements of all kinds. — Media and Technology — Intellectual Property — Litigation and Dispute Resolution During her studies and legal clerkship, Laura Höldrich-Wölke had worked in well-known law firms with a focus on Media Law. Prior to joining Buse Heberer Fromm, she was a lawyer in the law firm Prinz Lüssmann Perten specializing in Press and Privacy Law in Hamburg and Berlin. Trademark law: the Neymar case. Bad-faith applications of trademarks and ‘intellectual property theft’ are not just a problem for celebrities – it is as much an issue for companies with digital business models or those in the process of digital transformation. Protect your trade secrets! New law redefines the meaning of trade secret. And this has consequences for companies. IP Portfolio and strategy check-up. The status of intellectual property rights and the strategies for their protection must regularly be reviewed. Cancellation of McDonald’s BIG MAC Trademark – A Wake-Up Call for IP Management. A preventable risk in Intellectual Property (IP) Management is the inadequate exploitation of in-house data with regard to the use of trademarks. Franchising in Germany. #influencermarketing: Advertising on Instagram. Paid posts must be identified as such: What is to be considered? CE-marking is no excuse for uncorroborated claims of efficacy. The successful CE certification of a medical device or remedy does not release companies from the obligation to prove the correctness of advertising statements. Data Privacy in the Real Estate Sector. The EU GDPR: real estate companies should conduct a risk analysis of all processes relevant to data protection. Do you wish to receive information on recent developments of law, invitations to events or seminars from us? We hereby request your explicit consent. We can discuss your request directly in a personal meeting. We ensure absolute discretion and professional and honest advice. …to our offices Assets and Foundations Banking and Finance Law Commercial and Distribution Law Corporate Law and M&A Real Estate and Construction Law	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line940
__label__wiki	0.853385	0.853385	Protests in Israel against Prawer Plan - Daily News Egypt Politics Protests in Israel against Prawer Plan Protests in Israel against Prawer Plan The proposed plan will result in displacement of thousands of Arab Bedouins in the Naqab desert Nouran El-Behairy July 15, 2013 1 Comment A Bedouin protestor (C) is detained by Israeli policemen during a demonstration against Israeli government’s plans to relocate Bedouins in the Negev desert, on July 15, 2013 in the southern city of Beersheva. (AFP Photo) Demonstrators took to the streets across Israel and the West Bank on Monday to denounce the Israeli Prawer Plan that will result in mass displacement of thousands of Arab Bedouins in the Naqab (Negev) desert area south of Israel. The High Follow-Up Committee for Arab citizens of Israel announced a general strike on Monday, which media reports have called the “rage strike” against the Prawer project. Israeli police spokeswoman Luba Samri told Palestinian news agency Maan that 14 protesters were arrested after they had blocked a main road in Beer Al-Sabe in Israel. More protests are expected in Jaffa, Jerusalem, Ramallah, Hebron, Nablus, Lod and Ramla and other cities in Palestine and Israel against the Prawer Plan. The Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine organised a solidarity protest in Gaza rejecting the plan and its displacement of Bedouins. The plan was first proposed in September 2011 by Ehud Prawer, the former Deputy Chair of Israel’s National Security Council. On 24 June the Israeli Knesset approved the Prawer-Begin bill, with 43 votes for and 40 against, after Minister Benny Begin’s remarks were included. “If fully implemented, the Prawer-Begin Plan will result in the destruction of 35 ‘unrecognised’ Arab Bedouin villages, the forced displacement of up to 70,000 Arab Bedouin citizens of Israel, and the dispossession of their historical lands in the Naqab,” read a statement by Adalah Legal Center for Arab Minority Rights in Israel. In July 2012 the European parliament’s Working Group on the Middle East condemned the Prawer plan and called on the Israeli government to withdraw it, according to Adalah that had advocated the issue at the Parliament along with the Euro-Mediterranean Human Rights Network. Topics: Bedouins displacement human rights Israel Palestine politics protests Nouran El-Behairy More in Nouran El-Behairy Armed forces commemorates Rafah’s border guards Minya Diocese recounts Saturday’s sectarian clashes EIPR calls on Mansour to stand against state security court Muslim Brotherhood leaders to go to court on 25 August Second army chief meets Sinai youth 15 injured in Minya sectarian clashes https://cdn1.dailynewsegypt.com/2013/07/15/protests-in-israel-against-prawer-plan/ Ramla an advocate of heritage, comfort, artistry July 15, 2013 Breaking News	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line946
__label__wiki	0.666365	0.666365	refugees - Daily News Egypt Latest in Highlight Egypt admires Germany’s achievement in support of refugees: Al-Sisi Leaders discussed means of boosting bilateral cooperation between Cairo and Berlin Refugees in Iraq caught between soldiers and jihadists Beyond Borders: a platform where refugees can present their colourful homelands and overcoming adversity Exhibition launched by UNHCR targets opening a gate for 22 artists from five countries to step into the art world in Egypt Nada Deyaa’ EU fails to fulfil a promise offering places for 50,000 refugees in Europe The United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees declared that “the slow progress” of the European countries was one of the factors to obstruct the evacuation of people facing violence during the civil war. Bassant Mohammed Trump administration cuts refugee cap in FY 2020 by almost half The maximum number of refugees permitted to resettle in the United States in fiscal year 2020 is 18,000. In Interview Turkey’s Erdogan renews threats to Europe: money or flow of refugees Edrogan stresses personal relations with Trump can end tensions over recent Russian S-400 deal Syrian refugees no longer welcome in Turkey, as authorities intensify crackdown, deportation Hundreds of protesters gathered near Bab al-Hawa crossing, shortly before Russia announced a “unilateral ceasefire,” on Saturday morning in this area of north-western Syria. Taha Sakr Refugees in Egypt participate in clean-up of Nile Volunteers are from Syria, Sudan, Ethiopia, Somalia, and Yemen Turkey adopts wide-scale deportation, crackdown against Syrian refugees The report noted that the majority of the arrests against refugees took place in Istanbul that is considered the main destination for refugees due to the availability of work opportunities. UN calls for refugees in Libyan detention centres to be freed The call comes in response to the airstrikes on the Tajoura Detention Centre, on July 3, according to the UN official site. German Sea-Watch captain risks up to 10 years in prison for ‘rescuing refugees’ Now-detained captain says she broke naval blockade to bring rescued migrants to safety Maat highlights violations against expatriate workers, refugees in Qatar, Turkey Foreign workers suffer servitude in Qatar, while refugees in Turkey live in poor conditions, says Okeil Tamer Farhat UK, Egypt have strong record in protecting vulnerable refugees: British ambassador Over 247,000 registered refugees are living in Egypt now Sarah El-Sheikh 227,000 refugees in Egypt, up from 50,000 last year: UNHCR Egypt’s policy is against idea of refugee camps on its territory, allows refugees to access services on equal footing Egypt unique model for hosting migrants, refugees: diplomats In 2017, Egypt experienced highest number of arrivals since 2013, close to 40,000, UNHCR says Hagar Omran Portugal to receive 400 refugees based in Cairo Egypt welcomed an offer by Portugal to host a number of refugees currently residing in the country, according to a statement released by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs on Friday. As a part of the cooperation between the EU and Egypt on the issue, Portugal offered to host 400 refugees in the years 2018 and … Eastern Mediterranean region is largest originator of refugees globally: UNIC WHO works with national health authorities, international partners for safeguarding refugee health Nigerian refugees in Germany among top job finders Poverty and lack of services in Iraq force refugees back to the camps Germany to accept 10,000 refugees from North Africa, Middle East Egypt at forefront of countries concerned about refugees: Shoukry Foreign minister suggests it necessary to allocate more resources to UNHCR office in Egypt Inflow of refugees continues to be topic of discussion in international community Sisi, EU discuss migration issues, asylum seekers within Egypt-EU migration dialogue Egypt renews rejection of establishing camps to shelter refugees Egypt signed an agreement with Germany to cooperate in facing illegal immigration “I am sorry I drowned”, Doctors Without Borders’ short film raises awareness on refugees human crisis Doctors Without Borders call for humane alternatives for refugees Donald Trump v the arts Among the victims of president Donald Trump’s ban on refugees and immigrants from seven Middle Eastern countries is Kinan Azmeh, a noted Syrian clarinettist and composer. Presently, Azmeh is stuck in Beirut, even though he has an EB-1 “alien with extraordinary abilities” visa and has lived in New York for the past 16 years. The US government’s prohibition for Azmeh … Cesar Chelala United Nations urges Trump to keep door open for refugees Two UN migration agencies have called on the US to continue helping people fleeing war and persecution. UNHCR will grant African, Yemeni, Iraqi refugees primary health services This was agreed on in a meeting on Wednesday between the UNHCR and the Minister of Health Ahmed Emad El-Din Refugees in Serbia – stranded in a warehouse A great number of refugees are living in inhumane conditions in a warehouse in Belgrade. Magnum Photos publishes guide on Europe for refugees, migrants “Refugees in Germany”.. Mardiny: left Algeria to Germany followed by racism against Arabs “Refugees in Germany”..Adham: from serving in the Syrian army to detention then escape End of Section Page 1 Page 2 Page 3 Page 4 Page 5 Page 6 … Page 9 December 19, 2016 Breaking News	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line947
__label__cc	0.663986	0.336014	In the Press: Downsizers are loving the curves of a new Cammeray development All CURRENT In the Press: To Downsize Is Not To Downgrade Residents Move into Mera, Cammeray’s Prestigious New Development Moving day has arrived at Cammeray’s most anticipated development, Mera by Central Element. 14 brand-new, luxury residences at 361 Miller Street have been completed with meticulous attention to detail, each featuring Gaggenau appliances, Parisi tapware and natural stone and timber throughout. Moving day has arrived at Cammeray’s most anticipated development, Mera by Central Element. 14 brand-new, luxury residences at 361 Miller Street have been completed with meticulous attention to detail, each featuring Gaggenau appliances, Parisi tapware and natural stone and timber throughout. Curvilinear architectural lines and spectacular Sydney views from the rooftop terrace round out this ultra-luxe and organic design by PBD Architects. Demand and sales for the apartments have proven remarkably strong since Mera’s launch, with 90% of sales from either the Lower North Shore or Eastern suburbs. 90% of purchasers were owner-occupiers, demonstrating the appeal of this desirable Cammeray address close to Cammeray Golf Club, many parks and a short stroll to Cammeray and Crows Nest Village. The development’s blend of customised luxury and low-maintenance, lock-up-and-leave lifestyle has appealed largely to the downsizer and young professional demographic looking to live a more agile life without compromising on quality or location. Upon arriving home residents are greeted by graceful architectural design, drawing them into a grand marble lobby entrance on their way to their sleek and private one, two or three bedroom apartment. Residents can take time out in the ground floor private residents’ lounge room with interior styling by Coco Republic, or step up to the modern rooftop terrace with its outdoor kitchen and BBQ, three separate entertaining zones and breathtaking city views for al fresco dining on a warm summer’s night. Now that Mera has been completed, its penthouse apartment – and the final residences are available for viewing. Nathan Chivas, Development Director at Central Element, says the residences offer an exceptionally rare lifestyle on the edge of Sydney’s Lower North Shore. “In terms of design and amenity we really strove to deliver everything to a superior level and standard, which is why we’re so thrilled to bring it to completion. No other development in the area offers the outstanding level of quality throughout, from the expansive, light-filled living spaces to flawlessly finished kitchens with Gaggenau appliances. “Of course, a home is more than bricks and mortar. We put great care into creating a sense of community and a sense of place for residents, which is why Mera incorporates two shared spaces. The private residents’ lounge is our gift to our purchasers, and we have styled and furnished this space with an incredible book collection as a starting point to a residents’ library. “Mera has easy access to the city, and nearby retail and dining is abundant. As such it’s no surprise purchasers have embraced the development. We’re expecting strong demand for the penthouse apartment at this address.” Mera is the latest addition to Central Element’s North Shore portfolio, complementing two acclaimed developments in Pymble and Lane Cove as well as upcoming projects in Neutral Bay and Chatswood. Australian-owned developer, Central Element, proves that downsizing need not mean a compromise on quality finishes, fixtures and fittings with its latest boutique development, Mera by PBD Architects. All Developments Current Completed AURA, PYMBLE ALBANY, POINT FREDERICK Follow Central Element Want to be the first to hear about news and trends in property development? Sign up to our news updates. Central Element Central Element is a leading property developer based in Sydney. We specialise in delivering high quality developments. Our portfolio comprises New Homes, New Apartments, Boutique Residential Apartments and Hotel Developments, all in locations hand-picked for their live ability and enduring value. Sydney Head Office hello@centralelement.com.au Level 17, 100 Miller St © 2020 Central Element \| Terms & Conditions \| Privacy Policy \| Site by Atlas Agency	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line952
__label__wiki	0.826296	0.826296	Dust off those binoculars and keep your eyes on the skies, as the second full moon of 2020 is fast approaching. iPhone users could be forced to change Apple charger again under new EU rule Apple could be forced to change its iPhone charger yet again.Phone makers are being targeted by the European Parliament as it tries to ensure that all phones have the same ports and charging wires. Facebook has abandoned a project to introduce adverts into its WhatsApp messaging app after its plans caused the departure of the app’s founders. Apple may be forced by EU to replace iPhone charger with Android equivalent The European Parliament is calling for common chargers to be introduced that would fit all mobile phones and tablets. Although technology companies have previously been encouraged to work together on developing a universal charger, officials say "voluntary agreements between different industry Need a better way to keep up-to-date? Try The Briefing from The Telegraph - available on WhatsApp, as a podcast and via smart speakers. The case for ... cities where you're the sensor, not the thing being sensed The case for ... cities where you're the sensor, not the thing being sensed. Imagine your smartphone knew everything about the city – but the city didn’t know anything about you. Wouldn’t that be ‘smarter’ than our current surveillance dystopia? Guardian Cities is concluding with ‘The case for . Genetic research solves mystery of ‘curse of sudden death’ among Amish children A breakthrough in genetic research has solved the mystery of why children in the close-knit Amish community in the northeast US kept dying suddenly, and with no apparent explanation.The deaths occurred when the children were playing and running around, and one family lost four childrenover an eight year Cdn military program seeking help to find and take out waste in space OTTAWA — The Canadian military is looking for help taking out the trash in space.Over the last two years, the military's Innovation for Defence Excellence and Security program has awarded 16 contracts totalling $4.8 million to Canadian companies and university researchers to find ways to identify Google's parent company Alphabet hits trillion dollar valuation Google's parent company Alphabet has reached a valuation of one trillion dollars for the first time, making it only the fourth US-listed company to hit the milestone. Artificial intelligence: DeepMind unlocks secrets of human brain using AI learning technique An artificial intelligence learning technique has been used to make a breakthrough in understanding several previously unexplained features of the human brainResearchers at Google-owned DeepMind discovered that a recent development in computer science regarding reinforcement learning could be applied Prof Quits After McGill Refuses To End Fossil Fuel Investments McGill says it’s taking other steps to reduce its carbon footprint. If the accumulation of energy in our oceans from greenhouse gas emissions continues to escalate at the rate observed in 2019, Earth’s climate will become more extreme than what we have already experienced this century. Birds contain 'natural Velcro' which sticks feathers together and creates a fixed wing The mystery of how birds fly, morphing their wings into a variety of shapes that allow unparalleled feats of soaring and diving, has finally been solved by scientists. Microsoft has said it will remove more carbon from the environment than it emits within 10 years and challenged other rich companies to do the same. Sound Mixers, Designers Talk About the Nuances of This Season’s Top Movies Just as the camera’s focus navigates viewers’ eyes, sound tells them where to target their attention within the frame. Sound design, editing and mixing often go under the radar in the slew of Hollywood awards ceremonies occurring throughout January and February, but they are just as important to how Wolves playing ball reveals truth about 'go fetch' in dogs An innate ability to “go fetch” without any training may be the reason dogs became man’s best friend, scientists have discovered. Ancient fossil 'may prove scorpion was first land-dwelling animal' Ancient fossil 'may prove scorpion was first land-dwelling animal'Fossil is earliest evidence of breathing structure compatible with life on land, scientists say Twitter apologises for letting ads target neo-Nazis Twitter has apologised for allowing ads on its service that micro-target neo-Nazis and homophobes as it grapples with the spread of hate groups online. Huge ‘blob’ of warm water killed one million seabirds in unprecedented mass die-off, scientists say Nearly one million seabirds died in one year during an “unprecedented” mass die-off caused by a huge area of unusually warm water known as “the blob”, according to scientists.More than 60,000 dead common murres, a fish-eating species, were found severely emaciated on beaches from central California north The best TV streaming devices We’re officially in the age of streaming. Netflix, Amazon, Apple, BBC – all the big players have platforms to allow you to watch their content on demand, thanks to the wonders of the internet. 1,000-Mile Long Blob of Hot Water in Pacific Ocean Killed a Million Seabirds, New Study Finds Blob of Hot Water in Pacific Ocean Killed a Million Seabirds Augmented reality contact lenses let you control your gadgets by blinking A startup focused on "invisible computing" has unveiled a smart contact lens which delivers an augmented reality display in a user's field of vision. Cows talk to each about how they feel, study finds Cows tell each other how they feel through their moos, according to a new study.The animals have individual vocal characteristics and change their pitch depending on their emotions, according to research by the University of Sydney. One million birds feared dead due to 'blob' heatwave in Pacific One million birds are feared dead due to an unprecedented heatwave over an enormous stretch of the Pacific known as "the blob". The so-called blob refers to a record-breaking patch of warm water that formed between late 2013 and 2016 due to a powerful weather phenomenon called El Nino . Millions WhatsApp ‘improving last details’ before Dark Mode release WhatsApp is working on the final tweaks to its long-awaited dark mode feature, according to beta testers of the popular messaging app.The Dark Theme mode is designed to make it easier to view messages in low light conditions, as well as help conserve battery, and has been teased by the Facebook-owned Dana White says Donald Cerrone is a 'live dog,' but can 'Cowboy' redefine his narrative? 'Hallelujah!': Owners of Parched New South Wales Property Rejoice After Downpour Daughter of 'Dog the Bounty Hunter' calls police on cast member amid family drama FOX News Videos Suspended for her ‘body language,’ Minnesota leading scorer Destiny Pitts to transfer Heavy Rain Falls on San Francisco During Winter Storm L.A. City Council to vote on resolution demanding Dodgers be given 2017 and 2018 World Series trophies Colbert Uncovers ‘The Most Incriminating Word Of All’ In Notes From Giuliani Pal Prince Harry and Meghan Markle Hit the "Nuclear Button" on Their Royal Duties When Archie Was Born Charlotte Tilbury just released a new take on their iconic lipstick — and Salma Hayek is already a fan	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line956
__label__cc	0.539892	0.460108	Antibacterial Activity of Common Varthemia, Varthemia iphionoides Ethanol Extract Alone and in Combination with Cefotaxime Published at:Advances in Biological Research 3 (5-6): 144-147, 2009 To assess the clinical utility of the crude ethanolic extract of the leaves of Varthemia iphionoides (Compositae), minimal inhibitory concentrations eJ\'v1Ies) were determined using agar dilution technique. Accordingly, The MICs of this plant extract ranged from 0.0313-1 mg/ml for three clinical Staphylacaccus aureus strains and ATCC strains of Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus epidermidis, whereas Escherichia coli studied in this report was fOlUld to exhibit higher 1v1Ie value (4 mg/ml). The effect of combinations of ethanolic extract of Varthemia iphionoides and cefotaxime was investigated by means of fractional inhibitory concentration (FIe) indices. Using the FIe indices, synergistic interactions were observed against B. subtilis (ATCC 6633) and S. aureus strains (FIC indices of 0.75-0.875); while combinations against E. cali and S. epidermidis (ATCC 25923) exhibited antagonistic interactions (FIC indices of 2.5 to 16.4). Synergy was confirmed at cefotaxime concentrations corresponding to 1/2 MIC and 0 comments \| Show Full Article In vitro activity of certain drugs in combination with plant extracts against Staphylococcus aureus infections Published at:PAKISTAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES Volume: 24 Issue: 4 Pages: 541-544 Published: JUL-SEP 2008 Objectives: This study has been done to evaluate the interaction between ethanolic extracts of Rhus coriaria (seed), Psidium guajava (Leaf), Lawsonia inermis (Leaf) and Sacropoterium spinosum (seed) and antimicrobial drugs including oxytetracycline HCl, enrofloxacin, gentamicin sulphate and sulfadimethoxine against four clinical isolates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Methodology: Evaluation of the interaction between ethanolic extracts and different antimicrobial agents has been done using well-diffusion method. Results: It showed that ethanolic extracts increase the inhibition zones of oxytetracycline HCl, gentamicin sulphate, and sulfadimethoxine, while combinations between these plant extracts and enrofloxacin decrease inhibition zone. Conclusion: This study probably suggests the possibility of concurrent use of these antimicrobial drugs and plant extracts in combination in treating infections caused by S. aureus strains or at least the concomitant administrati 1 comment \| Show Full Article Enterotoxigenecity of S. Aureus Isolates Recovered from Chronic Urogenital Tract Infection in North Palestine Published at:PAKISTAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES Volume: 24 Issue: 2 Pages: 246-250 Part: Part 1 Published: APR-JUN 2008 Objectives: Staphylococcus aureus is an important pathogen associated with diseases in a variety of hosts including humans. It produces several toxins and virulence factors that contribute to its pathogenic potential such as staphylococcal enterotoxins (SEs). This study was conducted to determine enterotoxigenicity of S. aureus associated with chronic urogenital tract infection by detecting enterotoxin genes. Setting: This study was done in The Microbiology laboratory, An-Najah N. University, Palestine. Methodology: A total of 90 S. aureus isolates recovered from clinical samples from patients suffering from chronic urogenital tract infection in the North of Palestine were used to detect the presence of staphylococcal enterotoxin genes sea, seb, sec, sed and see by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. Results: Out of 90 S. aureus isolates tested, it was found that 57 (63.3%) of these isolates harboured one or more enterotoxin genes. Up to 78.9% of the enterotoxigenic isolates possessed Efficacy of Aqueous and Ethanol Extracts of Some Palestinian Medicinal Plants for Potential Antibacterial Activity Published at:The Islamic University Journal (Series of Natural Studies and Engineering), Vol.16, No.2, pp 77-86, 2008 Nine medicinal plants growing in Palestine were screened in vitro for potential antibacterial activity against 6 bacterial strains by well diffusion and micro-dilution techniques. Both aqueous and organic solvents were used. The dried extracts of Sacropoterium spinosum (Rosaceae) (seed), Ruta chalepensis L (Rutaceae) (leaf), Cassia senna (Ligumenosa) (leaf), Lawsonia inermis (Lythraceae) (leaf), Psidium guajava (Myrtaceae) (Leaf), Carataegus azerullus (Rosaceae) (Leaf), Ranunclus asiaticus(Ranunculaceae) (Flowers), Calendula officinalis (Composita) (Flowers),and Salvia syriaca (Labiatae) (leaf) were screened. The bacterial strains tested were; Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA); three strains (1, 2 & 3), multidrug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus vulgaris and Klebsiella pneumonia. The average diameter of inhibition zones ranged from 9 to 30 mm and 11 to 28 mm for aqueous and ethanol extract, respectively. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was the most inhibited mi Antibacterial Effects of Nutraceutical Plants Growing in Palestine on Pseudomonas aeruginosa Published at:Turk J Biol, 30 (2006) 239-242 The antibacterial effects of single and combined plant extracts of water, ethanol and methanol for two nutraceuticals utilized in Palestine were studied against multiple drug resistances Pseudomonas aeruginosa using well diffusion method. These plants are Rhus coriaria and Thymus vulgaris. Combinations of these extracts showed an additive action against this pathogen. Kamel Adwan Show Full ProfileEnglish CV Arabic CV Antibacterial Activity of Four Plant Extracts Used in Palestine in Folkloric Medicine against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Hepatitis B surface antibody response of household contacts of hepatitis B virus carriers in Palestine Nosocomial Infection Caused by Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Palestine Prevalence of Hepatitis B Virus Markers among High Risk Groups in Palestine Antibacterial Activity of Rhus Coriaria. L Extracts Growing in Palestine Enterotoxigenic Staphylococcus aureusin Raw Milk in the North of Palestine Isolation of shiga toxigenic Escherichia coli from raw beef in Palestine Typing of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus by Ribosome Spacer and Arbitrarily Primed Polymerase Chain Reaction Antibacterial Activities of Some Plant Extracts Utilized in Popular Medicine in Palestine Analysis of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated in palestine by arbitrarily primed PCR Isolation and characterisation of Shiga toxigenic Escherichia coli strains from northern Palestine Human cystic echinococcosis in the West Bank of Palestine: surgical incidence and seroepidemiological study High incidence of penicillin resistance amongst clinical isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae in northern Palestine The use of SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of periplasmic proteins to subtypePseudomonas aeruginosa pyocin type 10/b clinical isolates Analysis of neomycin, kanamycin, tobramycin and amikacin resistance mechanisms in gentamicin-resistant isolates of Enterobacteriaceae Gentamicin resistance in clinical strains of Enterobacteriaceae associated with reduced gentamicin uptake	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line967
__label__wiki	0.578901	0.578901	Tumour biology, metastatic sites and taxanes sensitivity as determinants of eribulin mesylate efficacy in breast cancer: results from the ERIBEX retrospective, international, multicenter study Mélodie Dell’Ova1, Eléonora De Maio2, Séverine Guiu3,4, Lise Roca5, Florence Dalenc2, Anna Durigova6,7, Frédéric Pinguet1, Khedidja Bekhtari1, William Jacot6 & Stéphane Pouderoux6 Our retrospective, international study aimed at evaluating the activity and safety of eribulin mesylate (EM) in pretreated metastatic breast cancer (MBC) in a routine clinical setting. Patients treated with EM for a locally advanced or MBC between March 2011 and January 2014 were included in the study. Clinical and biological assessment of toxicity was performed at each visit. Tumour response was assessed every 3 cycles of treatment. A database was created to collect clinical, pathological and treatment data. Two hundred and fifty-eight patients were included in the study. Median age was 59 years old. Tumours were Hormone Receptor (HR)-positive (73.3 %) HER2-positive (10.2 %), and triple negative (TN, 22.5 %). 86.4 % of the patients presented with visceral metastases, mainly in the liver (67.4 %). Median previous metastatic chemotherapies number was 4 [1–9]. Previous treatments included anthracyclines and/or taxanes (100 %) and capecitabine (90.7 %). Median number of EM cycles was 5 [1–19]. The relative dose intensity was 0.917. At the time of analysis (median follow-up of 13.9 months), 42.3 % of the patients were still alive. The objective response rate was 25.2 % (95 %CI: 20–31) with a 36.1 % clinical benefit rate (CBR). Median time to progression (TTP) and overall survival were 3.97 (95 %CI: 3.25–4.3) and 11.2 (95 %CI: 9.3–12.1) months, respectively. One- and 2-year survival rates were 45.5 and 8.5 %, respectively. In multivariate analysis, HER2 positivity (HR = 0.29), the presence of lung metastases (HR = 2.49) and primary taxanes resistance (HR = 2.36) were the only three independent CBR predictive factors, while HR positivity (HR = 0.67), the presence of lung metastases (HR = 1.52) and primary taxanes resistance (HR = 1.50) were the only three TTP independent prognostic factors. Treatment was globally well tolerated. Most common grade 3–4 toxicities were neutropenia (20.9 %), peripheral neuropathy (3.9 %), anaemia (1.6 %), liver dysfunction (0.8 %) and thrombocytopenia (0.4 %). Thirteen patients (5 %) developed febrile neutropenia. EM is an effective new option in heavily pretreated MBC, with a favourable efficacy/safety ratio in a clinical practice setting. Our results comfort the use of this new molecule and pledge for the evaluation of EM-trastuzumab combination in this setting. Tumour biology, primary taxanes sensitivity and metastatic sites could represent useful predictive and prognostic factors. Breast cancer represents the second most common cancer worldwide and the most frequent cancer in women, with an estimated 1.67 million new cases in 2012 (25 % of all cancers) [1, 2]. Anthracyclines and taxanes remain the standard as first-line metastatic breast cancer (MBC) treatment [3]. However, anthracyclines are often given in a neoadjuvant/adjuvant situation and their use in MBC should take into account the risk of cumulative cardiac toxicity. Taxanes are today extensively included in the early breast cancer adjuvant chemotherapy regimens and expose the patients to the risk of peripheral neurotoxicity. Other molecules such as the capecitabine, the liposomal doxorubicin, the pegylated liposomal doxorubicin, the gemcitabine and the vinorelbine, have also been registered, more recently, in the MBC setting [4]. However, no clear standard of care has been validated after first-line treatment failure, and further treatment lines depend mainly on the drugs previously used, their residual toxicities, the performance status of the patient, and the biology and metastatic spreading of the tumour. Eribulin mesylate (EM, Halaven®, E7389) is a new drug indicated for patients with MBC previously treated with an anthracycline and a taxane in the adjuvant or metastatic setting, and at least two chemotherapeutic regimens for the treatment of the metastatic disease [5]. It is a synthetic analogue of the marine natural product halichondrin B, isolated from the Japanese marine sponge Halichondria okadai [6, 7]. EM is a non-taxane microtubule dynamics inhibitor; indeed, its site and mechanism of action are different from other tubulin-targeting agents such as taxanes and vinca-alcaloïds [8]. EM inhibits microtubule polymerisation without affecting their depolymerisation, resulting in non-productive aggregates which induce an irreversible mitotic block at the G2-M phase, and leading to apoptosis [9]. The phase III pivotal open-label randomised study EMBRACE compared EM monotherapy versus treatment of physician’s choice (TPC) in patients with MBC. This trial showed the efficacy and tolerability of this molecule, leading to its approval by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on November 15th, 2010. EMBRACE demonstrated a significant and clinically improvement in overall survival (OS) under EM treatment compared with the TPC in this setting. However, the vast majority of the patients included in this trial had previously been treated with capecitabine. Another phase III trial comparing EM versus capecitabine [10] in a population of 1102 patients previously treated with anthracyclines and taxanes did not show a statistically significant superiority of EM over capecitabine in terms of progression-free survival (PFS) and OS. However, considering the EMBRACE trial [11] and the toxicity profile in the Kaufman study, EM appears as a new therapeutic option in patients with metastatic or locally advanced breast cancer, and pre-treated with taxanes- and anthracyclines. Despite its extensive use in these patients, EM clinical efficacy and safety in the “real-world” patient population still need to be clearly evaluated. This retrospective, international study aimed at evaluating EM activity and safety in a routine clinical setting, and at comparing our results with the published clinical data about EM. Four centres participated in this retrospective clinical study, three centres in France (Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier [ICM], Montpellier, Institut Claudius Regaud, Toulouse, and Centre Georges-François Leclerc, Dijon), and one centre in Switzerland (CHU Vaudois, Lausanne). An Access database was created to collect retrospective data using different panels: patients’ identification, tumour histology, previously delivered treatments and regimens, initial assessment, initial biology, EM chemotherapy-related data (delivered EM dose and cause of diminution, number of cycles administered, toxicities and side effects), efficacy and follow-up data. The tumour response was assessed every 3 cycles of treatment. Tumours were considered as ER and PR positive when > 10 % tumour cells were stained by immunohistochemistry (IHC). HER2 status was determined based on HER2 protein expression level by IHC. Tumours with HER2 scores of 0 and 1+ were considered as HER2 negative. In tumours with equivocal HER2 IHC test results (2+), gene amplification was evaluated using fluorescent (FISH) or chromogenic (CISH) in situ hybridization. Specimens with HER2 3+ scores were considered as HER2 positive. The Database locking and patients’ follow-up was scheduled for April 7th, 2014. This study was reviewed and approved by the respective Institutional Review Boards (Dijon, Toulouse and Montpellier Cancer Centres, and Lausanne CHUV, ID number ICM-URC-2014/73). Considering the retrospective, non-interventional nature of this study evaluating an approved drug, no consent was deemed necessary by the clinical research review board of Montpellier cancer centre (sponsor of the study). All patients affected by a metastatic or locally advanced breast cancer treated with EM between March 28th, 2011 and January 15th, 2014 in one of the participating centres, were included in our retrospective analysis. Patients with EM treatment initiated in other centres, and who received only one EM injection or cycle in a participating centre, were not considered suitable for this study due to the lack of data. Eribulin mesylate was administrated intravenously over 2 to 5 minutes on days 1 and 8 of a 21-day chemotherapy cycle, according to the product guidelines. The EM treatment was generally administered at the standard dose of 1.4 mg/m2. It was reduced in case of hepatic or moderate renal impairments: a -20 % reduction of the recommended EM dose (1.1 mg/m2) was applied for patients with mild hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh A) or moderate renal impairment (creatinine clearance of 30–50 mL/min), and a −50 % reduction (0.7 mg/m2) was administered in patients with moderate hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh B). Clinical and radiological assessment of the tumour response was performed according to each centre standard of care, most of the time every 3 cycles of treatment (every 9 weeks). Clinical and biological assessment of toxicity was performed at each clinical visit, i.e. at day 1 and day 8 of each 21-day cycle. Primary and secondary granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) prophylaxis was delivered according to each centre’s practice. Efficacy assessment Clinical and radiological efficacy assessment was performed every 3 cycles by a medical oncologist during the whole treatment period. Response and progression evaluations were performed using the RECIST version 1.1 criteria [12]. For each evaluation, treatment response was determined as such: complete response (CR), partial response (PR), stable disease (SD), progressive disease (PD), or not established (NE). Clinical proposal following assessment (continued treatment, dose reduction or treatment discontinuation) was recorded, together with the reasons of treatment discontinuation (toxicity, evolution, death or other). Clinical and biological toxicities were retrospectively identified and graded according to the Common Terminology Criteria grid for Adverse Events (CTCAE) version 4.03 at each clinical visit, using the patients’ clinical charts. Interdose complications were recorded: treatment delay (duration and cause), treatment cancellation and reason, hospitalization (duration and cause), duration of antibiotic treatment, and need and number of Red Blood Cells (RBC) and/or platelet concentrates in case of transfusion. For the descriptive analysis, quantitative variables were presented for each group and for the overall population as mean, variance, standard deviation, minimum, maximum, and median. Quantitative criteria were compared using the Kruskal-Wallis test. Qualitative variables were presented as numbers and frequencies for each category of the variable. Qualitative criteria were compared using the chi2 or by the Fisher exact tests when the chi2 test was not applicable. The primary objective of the study was to assess overall survival until progression. Survival estimates were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method. The time to progression was defined for each patient as the time from the first cycle until objective tumour progression (TTP does not include deaths). The secondary objective was overall survival (OS), defined as the time from the first cycle of treatment until death from any cause. For the clinicopathological features, univariate analyses to compare clinical benefit and no clinical benefit were performed using Pearson’s 2 or Fisher’s exact tests for categorical variables, and the two-sample Wilcoxon test for all continuous variables. Categorical covariates analysis were ECOG Performance Status (0–1 vs. 2–3), hormone receptors (HR- vs. HR+), and age (≤50 vs. > 50 years), HER2+ over-expression (no/yes), number of prior chemotherapy (≤4 vs. > 4 lines) and different metastasis localization (visceral metastases, liver, bone, lymph nodes, lung, brain, serous or skin metastases), and response under taxane chemotherapy (CR/PR/SD vs. PD/NE). Differences were considered statistically significant when p < 0.05. Significant factors in the univariate analyses were included in a multivariate logistic regression analysis to identify independent predictors of the clinical benefit. For the multivariate analysis using the Cox’s proportional hazard model to define independent prognostic factors for PFS, the variables included in the logistic regression were used. The hazard ratio and the 95 % confidence interval (CI) were also estimated. Different bases transfers were made through STAT-TRANSFER version 9 and data were analysed using the STATA® version 13.0 software. Two hundred and fifty-eight patients were included in our study. Main clinic pathological characteristics of the population are presented in Table 1. Median age at breast cancer diagnosis and at EM initiation was 50 (18–80) and 59 years old (22–85), respectively. Patients’ ECOG performance status at EM initiation was 0 or 1 in 79.9 % of the cases. Biological subtypes were classical for this population, as 73.3 % of the tumours were Hormone Receptor (HR)-positive, 10.2 % were HER2-positive, and 22.5 % were triple negative (TN). Disease extension was typical of late stage tumours: 86.4 % of the patients presented with visceral metastases, mainly in the liver (67.4 %). Patients with HR-positive tumours had previously been treated with at least one hormonal therapy line for metastatic disease in 97.3 % of the cases. Patients were heavily pretreated with chemotherapy (median number of previous metastatic regimens was 4 [1–9]) in the metastatic setting. All patients had previously received anthracycline- and/or taxane-based treatments (94.6 % of the patients had previously received anthracycline and 98.1 % taxane regimen in neoadjuvant/adjuvant and/or metastatic chemotherapy settings). The majority (82.1 %) of patients pretreated with taxanes showed primary taxane sensitivity as defined by CR, PR or SD > 6 months under taxane treatment in metastatic setting. Twenty-five of the 26 patients presenting HER2-positive tumours received trastuzumab concomitantly with EM administration. Table 1 Main patient and tumour characteristics (n = 258) Eribulin mesylate chemotherapy The median number of delivered EM cycles was 5 (1–19) (Table 2). EM was first administered at the full recommended dose (1.4 mg/m2) in 79.1 % of patients. Causes of dose reductions at treatment initiation were due to liver function impairment in 57.7 %, persistent haematological toxicity in 11.5 % and other causes in 13.5 %; cause of dose reduction was not indicated in 17.3 % of cases. Dose reduction under treatment was due to haematological toxicity (all grades) in 20.2 % of cases, liver toxicity in 13.2 % of cases and to other causes (14.3 %). The relative dose intensity was 0.917 (0.165–1.22). Two hundred and thirty-six (91 %) patients had discontinued EM treatment at the date of analysis. The most common cause of treatment discontinuation was disease progression (75 %), followed by toxicity (13.1 %), and patient’s death (8.1 %); also, 7.2 % of the patients discontinued EM treatment due to other causes such as patient’s or medical decision. Table 2 Efficacy and drug exposure At the time of analysis, after a median follow-up of 13.9 months (95 %CI: 11.66–15.60), 42.3 % of the patients were still alive. Death was mainly related to disease progression (PD, 95.1 %). Toxic death was reported in 2 cases (1.4 %) and was related to intercurrent diseases in 5 cases (3.5 %). Concerning treatment and progression, 38 % of the patients were still under treatment and 55.5 % reported disease progression. One patient presented a complete response to treatment and 64 patients (24.8 %) showed a partial response (PR). Thus, the objective response rate was 25.2 % (95 %CI: 20–31). The median duration of objective response was 4.36 months (95 %CI: 3.38–4.82). Moreover, a disease stable for at least 6 months (SD) was observed in 28 patients (10.9 %) and 157 (60.8 %) showed PD. The tumour response could not be evaluated in 8 patients (3.1 %) due to premature discontinuation of the treatment related to toxicity. The clinical benefit rate, defined as CR rate, PR rate and SD during at least 6 months, was 36.1 % (Table 2). Median TTP and OS were 3.97 (95 %CI: 3.25–4.3) and 11.2 (95 %CI: 9.3–12.1) months, respectively (Figs. 1 and 2 respectively). Twelve-, 18- and 24-month overall survival rates were 45.5 % (95 %CI: 38.34–52.36), 23.13 % (95 %CI: 16.34–30.63) and 8.5 % (95 %CI: 2.21–20.30), respectively (Fig. 2). Time to progression Overall survival The EM treatment was globally well tolerated. Table 3 summarizes the main grade 3–4 toxicities reported in our population. The most commonly reported toxicities were asthenia (60.9 %), peripheral neuropathy (43 %), neutropenia (38.4 %), alopecia (19.4 %), nausea (10.5 %) and thrombocytopenia (10.5 %). Major toxicities were of grade 3 (39.5 %) and grade 4 (17 %), and were as follows: neutropenia (20.9 %), peripheral neuropathy (3.9 %), anaemia (1.6 %), liver dysfunction (0.8 %), and thrombocytopenia (0.4 %). Thirteen patients (5 %) developed febrile neutropenia. Table 3 Main toxicity in 258 patients according to cTcAE version 4.03 A treatment delay was reported in 69 patients (26.7 %). The average number of days of report was 14.9 (SD σ = 16.8) with a median number of 8 days (3–130 days). The delay was mostly due to treatment toxicities (60.9 %). Primary G-CSF prophylaxis was used in 15.1 % of the patients and as secondary prophylaxis in 12.4 % of the cases. Antibiotics during EM treatment were used for 17 % of patients, and red blood cells and platelet concentrates transfusions in 6.2 and 0.4 %, respectively. Hospitalisation was required for 17.8 % of the patients due to cancer-related complications in 52.2 % of cases, treatment toxicity in 34.8 % and other causes in 37.0 %. Predictive and prognostic factors Response and survival rates were evaluated in regards of the usual prognostic factors to identify relevant prognostic and predictive factors affecting this population. Using a logistic regression analysis, HER2 positivity was significantly associated with higher CBR (HR = 0.38, p = 0.02); the presence of serous metastases was of borderline significance (HR = 0.55, p = 0.052), while a TN status and the presence of lung metastases were significantly associated with lower CBR rates (HR = 2.04, p = 0.044 and HR = 2.16 and p = 0.006, respectively). The achievement of a clinical benefit under a previous taxane therapy was of borderline significance (p = 0.054). In multivariate analysis, HER2 positivity (OR = 0.26; 95 %CI 0.10–0.63) was an independent favourable predictive factor, while the presence of lung metastases (OR = 2.49; 95 %CI 1.43–4.61) and the inability to achieve a clinical benefit under a previous taxane therapy (OR = 2.36; 95 %CI 1.11–5.03) were independently associated with a lower CBR. Using the Cox regression model, a difference was observed regarding TTP: in univariate analysis, HR positivity and the presence of serous metastases were significantly associated with a longer TTP, while a TN status, the inability to achieve a clinical benefit under a previous taxane therapy and the presence of lung metastases were significantly associated with a shorter TTP. In multivariate analysis, HR positivity (HR = 0.68; 95 %CI 0.51–0.92), the presence of lung metastases (HR = 1.53; 95 %CI 1.16–2.02) and the inability to achieve a clinical benefit under a previous taxane therapy (HR = 1.50; 95 %CI 1.07–2.11) were the only 3 independent prognostic factors of this population. Focusing on the TN subgroup, the overall response rate (ORR) was significantly higher in the TN population (respectively 26.9 % vs. 22.8 %, p = 0.002) compared with non-TN breast cancers. However, the OS and the TTP were significantly lower (respectively, 8.3 months versus 11.9 months, p = 0.049, HR [95 % CI] = 1.46 [1.01–2.12]; 2.1 months versus 4.3 months, p = 0.0004, HR [95 % CI] = 1.80 [1.32–2.45]) in the TN population. To our knowledge, our study is the largest international multicentre retrospective study of EM use in heavily pretreated breast cancer patients. Our results confirm the EM efficacy and safety in the daily care treatment of heavily pretreated MBC patients, with a population exposed to a median of four prior lines of chemotherapy. The results of our study are comparable to those of the pivotal EMBRACE phase III trial [13]. The two populations appeared relatively similar regarding the median age (59 versus 55 years old) and the metastatic sites distribution (Table 4). The rate of HER2+ tumours was discretely lower in our population (10.2 % versus 16 %) while the rate of TN tumours was slightly higher (22.5 % versus 18 %) in the EMBRACE trial. TN tumours seemed to respond better to the treatment, as we observed an increased ORR in the TN subpopulation compared with other biological subgroups (p = 0.002). However OS and TTP were significantly lower. Moreover, HER2 positivity appeared as a predictive factor, with 57.7 and 33.9 % CBR for HER2+ and HER2- tumours, respectively. These results, which strikingly differ from the previous results from randomized trials, in which none of the patients received concomitant trastuzumab, may be due to the nearly systematic use of trastuzumab in association with EM in our population. Indeed, in these studies, HER2 had no impact on EM efficacy [11, 13]. A recent phase II study evaluating the safety and efficacy of the EM – trastuzumab association in a first-line metastatic setting demonstrated a good safety profile and an interesting 71.2 % ORR [14]. The efficacy of this treatment combination could explain our results and warrant further evaluation of this association. Nevertheless, other studies will be needed to thoroughly assess these differences in a clinical behaviour. The proportion of patients with HR+ tumour was higher in our study compared with the EMBRACE trial (73.3 % versus 64 %). Almost all these patients had previously been treated with hormone therapy (97.3 %). Considering the independent prognostic value of the HR+ status in our population, this fact could explain the relatively similar OS results obtained compared with the EMBRACE trial patients, this favourable prognostic factor counter-balancing the classical lower results of retrospective studies due to the lack of selection in a daily-care setting population. Also, some recent preclinical data showed that EM may have some additive antitumoral effect on estrogen-stimulated ER-positive breast cancers [15]. Table 4 Comparative evaluation between the EMBRACE and the ERIBEX studies Our population was heavily pretreated, as EM was initiated as a fifth-line of treatment, a line comparable to that of the EMBRACE study. The anthracyclines and/or taxanes pretreatment rate was comparable to the one in the phase III study, reflecting the high adherence of the participating institutions to breast cancer care recommendations [3]. In addition, for the majority of patients pretreated with taxanes, the best response rate (CR or PR) observed in our study was 51.6 %, with 82.1 % CBR under taxane therapy, defining a population of patients showing good primary taxanes sensitivity. As taxanes and EM share the same cellular site of action, this parameter appears to be a logical predictive variable of EM sensitivity. This assumption was verified in our series, as patients without evidence of primary taxane sensitivity in a previous line appeared to have statistically lower CBR and TTP under EM in multivariate analysis. However, this result needs to be confirmed in a separate independent population. Also, the capecitabine pretreatment rate was greater in our study (90.7 %) compared with the rate reported in the EMBRACE study (73 %). To date, no clinical study demonstrated the superiority of EM compared to capecitabine. The phase III study conducted by Kaufman et al. comparing EM to capecitabine did not show a statistically significant superiority of EM over capecitabine in terms of OS and PFS, in a population of patients who had received up to two previous lines of chemotherapy for metastatic disease (including anthracycline and taxane) [10, 11]. In the EMBRACE study, the EM group of patients was predominantly capecitabine-pretreated, which may explain the choice of capecitabine use before EM in routine clinical practice. The convenience provided by an oral administration of capecitabine may also explain its frequent use prior to EM treatment. Considering the efficacy issue, our results also appeared globally similar to the results of the pivotal phase III EMBRACE trial, with an OS of 11.2 and 13.1 months respectively, and a PFS of 3.8 and 3.7 months, respectively (Table 4). Interestingly, the ORR and CBR in our retrospective, unselected study were relatively higher compared with the EMBRACE study results (25.2 % versus 12 % and 36.1 % versus 23 % respectively). Even if no definitive conclusion can be issued from such an indirect comparison, these results are interesting as clinical practice results frequently appear less favourable than pivotal trials results. In our study, EM treatment was most of the time initiated at full dose (79.1 %). Major reported cause of dose reduction was liver dysfunction. At the same time, percentage of prescription of primary or secondary G-CSF prophylaxis was relatively low (15.1 and 12.4 % respectively). These results could possibly be explained by the choice of considering lower doses of EM instead of using a G-CSF prophylaxis in 2 weeks over 3 schedules. Treatment discontinuations due to EM toxicity were relatively rare in our experience. Similarly, only few hospitalizations and transfusions were required, demonstrating a good safety profile for the treatment. Alopecia was relatively rare in our series (19.4 % vs. 45 % in the EMBRACE study). This low alopecia frequency could be linked to preventive measures routinely used in our centres, such as the use of a cooling helmet during treatment. Another possible explanation is the more frequent use of capecitabine in the previous therapeutic line, leaving a greater proportion of patients without grade 2 alopecia at initiation of the EM treatment. The overall safety profile of our series appears otherwise comparable to the results of the EMBRACE study (Table 4). Our study shows the limitations commonly observed in retrospective studies (many items are not defined from a predefined study protocol, the study is lacking a central immunohistochemistry lecture…). However, the greatest strength of our study is that it represents a large data from a cohort of patients not included in clinical trials, thus better reflecting the real-life patient population in terms of comorbidities and disease extension. Table 5 summarizes the main results of the presently published data on EM in metastatic breast cancer, including the pilot phase III EMBRACE trial [13], the study reported by Kaufman et al. comparing EM with capecitabine [10], together with recent retrospective studies performed in daily care conditions published in 2014, as well as our study data, giving consistent results to ensure the use of EM in the heavily pretreated MBC setting, in terms of clinical efficacy and with a favourable efficacy/safety ratio. Table 5 Summary of data published from phase III-IV trials on eribulin mesylate in metastatic breast cancer The evaluation of new drugs in current practice, outside clinical trials, remains a key element of the evaluation of their efficacy and safety after large pivotal studies. The results showed by current practice could reveal to be different from the results obtained during the clinical trials step, usually because of the heterogeneity of the analysed population treated in routine conditions and under less stringent selection than that of the trials. In our study, EM appears to be an effective new-line treatment in heavily pretreated MBC patients, with a favourable efficacy/safety ratio. These encouraging results compare favourably with those obtained in the pivotal phase III EMBRACE study and with more recent retrospective studies. They comfort the use of EM in the heavily pretreated MBC setting. Tumour biology, primary taxanes sensitivity and metastatic sites could represent useful predictive and prognostic factors in this population. CISH: Chromogenic in situ hybridization CBR: Clinical benefit rate CR: Complete response CTCAE: Common Terminology Criteria grid for Adverse Events FISH: Fluorescent in situ hybridization G-CSF: Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor Hormone Receptor MBC: NE: Not evaluable PFS: Progression-free survival RBC: TN: Triple negative Treatment of physician’s choice TTP: Progressive disease Partial response Stable disease International Agency for Research on Cancer. GLOBOCAN 2012: Estimated Cancer Incidence, Mortality and prevalence Worldwire in 2012. 2014. INCa. La situation du cancer en France en 2012, Rapports & Synthèses. 2012. Verma S, Clemons M. First-line treatment options for patients with HER-2 negative metastatic breast cancer: the impact of modern adjuvant chemotherapy. Oncologist. 2007;12(7):785–97. juill. Dohollou N, Ganem G, Guastalla J-P, Salmon R. Cancer du sein méta-analyse en première ligne: Mise à jour des traitements en première ligne métastatique. 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Phase III open-label randomized study of eribulin mesylate versus capecitabine in patients with locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer previously treated with an anthracycline and a taxane. J Clin Oncol. 2015;33(6):594–601. Twelves C, Cortes J, Vahdat L, Olivo M, He Y, Kaufman PA, et al. Efficacy of eribulin in women with metastatic breast cancer: a pooled analysis of two phase 3 studies. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2014;148(3):553–61. Eisenhauer EA, Therasse P, Bogaerts J, Schwartz LH, Sargent D, Ford R, et al. New response evaluation criteria in solid tumours: revised RECIST guideline (version 1.1). Eur J Cancer Oxf Engl 1990. 2009;45(2):228–47. Cortes J, O’Shaughnessy J, Loesch D, Blum JL, Vahdat LT, Petrakova K, et al. Eribulin monotherapy versus treatment of physician’s choice in patients with metastatic breast cancer (EMBRACE): a phase 3 open-label randomised study. Lancet. 2011;377(9769):914–23. Wilks S, Puhalla S, O’Shaughnessy J, Schwartzberg L, Berrak E, Song J, et al. Phase 2, multicenter, single-arm study of Eribulin mesylate with trastuzumab as first-line therapy for locally recurrent or metastatic HER2-positive breast cancer. Clin Breast Cancer. 2014;14(6):405–12. Kurebayashi J, Kanomata N, Yamashita T, Shimo T, MoriyaT. Antitumor and anticancer stem cell activities of eribulin mesylate and antiestrogens in breast cancer cells, Breast Cancer. 2015 Jan 1. [Epub ahead of print] Ramaswami R, O’Cathail SM, Brindley JH, Silcocks P, Mahmoud S, Palmieri C. Activity of eribulin mesylate in heavily pretreated breast cancer granted access via the Cancer Drugs Fund. Future Oncol Lond Engl. 2014;10(3):363–76. Poletti P, Ghilardi V, Livraghi L, Milesi L, Rota Caremoli E, Tondini C. Eribulin mesylate in heavily pretreated metastatic breast cancer patients: current practice in an Italian community hospital. Future Oncol Lond Engl. 2014;10(2):233–9. Gamucci T, Michelotti A, Pizzuti L, Mentuccia L, Landucci E, Sperduti I, et al. Eribulin mesylate in pretreated breast cancer patients: a multicenter retrospective observational study. J Cancer. 2014;5(5):320–7. Rasmussen ML, Liposits G, Yogendram S, Jensen AB, Linnet S, Langkjer ST. Treatment with eribulin (halaven) in heavily pre-treated patients with metastatic breast cancer. Acta Oncol Stockh Swed. 2014;53(9):1275–7. We are grateful to Dr H. de Forges for her assistance in editing the manuscript. Département de Pharmacie Clinique, Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier (ICM), 208, rue des Apothicaires, 34298, Montpellier Cedex 5, France Mélodie Dell’Ova , Frédéric Pinguet & Khedidja Bekhtari Medical Oncology Department, Institut Claudius Regaud, IUCT- Oncopole, Toulouse, France Eléonora De Maio & Florence Dalenc Medical Oncology Department, Centre Georges-François Leclerc, Dijon, France Séverine Guiu Breast Center (CePO), University Hospital CHUV, Rue du Bugnon 46, 1011, Lausanne, Switzerland Département de Biostatistiques, Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier (ICM), 208, rue des Apothicaires, 34298, Montpellier Cedex 5, France Lise Roca Département d’Oncologie Médicale, Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier (ICM), 208, rue des Apothicaires, 34298, Montpellier Cedex 5, France Anna Durigova , William Jacot & Stéphane Pouderoux Medical Oncology Department, University Hospital of Geneva, Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil 4, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland Search for Mélodie Dell’Ova in: Search for Eléonora De Maio in: Search for Séverine Guiu in: Search for Lise Roca in: Search for Florence Dalenc in: Search for Anna Durigova in: Search for Frédéric Pinguet in: Search for Khedidja Bekhtari in: Search for William Jacot in: Search for Stéphane Pouderoux in: Correspondence to William Jacot. The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to disclose. MDO contributed to the conception and design of the entire study, selected eligible patients, acquired data on clinical-pathological parameters, coordinated sample collection, interpreted data, and drafted the manuscript. EDM selected eligible patients, acquired data on clinical-pathological parameters and contributed to the critical revision of the manuscript. SG selected eligible patients, acquired data on clinical-pathological parameters and contributed to the critical revision of the manuscript. LR supervised the statistical analysis and assisted in drafting the manuscript. FD selected eligible patients, acquired data on clinical-pathological parameters and contributed to the critical revision of the manuscript. AD selected eligible patients, acquired data on clinical-pathological parameters and contributed to the drafting of the manuscript. FP made original observations leading to this work and contributed to the critical revision of the manuscript. KB made original observations leading to this work and contributed to the critical revision of the manuscript. WJ contributed to the conception and design of the entire study, coordinated sample collection, interpreted data and drafted the manuscript. SP interpreted data, drafted the manuscript and contributed to the critical revision of the manuscript. All authors have read and approved the final version of the manuscript. Dell’Ova, M., De Maio, E., Guiu, S. et al. Tumour biology, metastatic sites and taxanes sensitivity as determinants of eribulin mesylate efficacy in breast cancer: results from the ERIBEX retrospective, international, multicenter study. BMC Cancer 15, 659 (2015) doi:10.1186/s12885-015-1673-3	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line972
__label__wiki	0.607089	0.607089	New articles are published every month under the headings below. Cicada Australia Hearing Guide Cochlear Inc Hearing Australia Aust. Lions Hearing Dogs Med-el Health Direct Australia Consumer Affairs - USA Hear-It Advanced Bionics Stories - Overseas Combs doesn’t let disability defer dreams Stories-Overseas May 2017 Derby Informer Casey Combs graduated from the University of Kansas with her doctorate in audiology. Less than two percent of Americans have a doctorate degree. The gruelling extra years of classes, papers and work make many people shudder. Combs, however, is an exception. She reached the highest level of education, and she did it with a disability. Combs became deaf when she was four years old. “As a young child, I knew I had to work hard to be equal to my peers,” Combs said. Because of her perseverance and determination to not let her disability interfere with her dreams, Combs can now help other people with hearing loss. She was not born deaf. At 2 years old, she lost all hearing out of her left ear and partial hearing out of her right ear due to a virus. Her mother realized something was wrong when Combs wasn’t speaking. She wore hearing aids until she was 4 years old until the virus came back and took the rest of her hearing. Her first language was sign language, and she took speech therapy every day from preschool until second grade. “When you have a deaf child, you don’t realise how much children learn from their environment,” said Combs’ mother Dianna Pyles-Tauer. “A deaf child has to be taught everything.” She got her first cochlear implant when she was 4, and she was the first child in Kansas to receive one. “Cochlear implants are very different from hearing aids,” Combs said. “People think cochlear implants for hearing loss is like putting on glasses, which is not true.” Combs couldn’t distinguish the sounds she heard. She had to go through auditory therapy and train her brain to recognise and differentiate between sounds. “At first, everything sounded ‘ping-pongy’ like at an arcade,” she said. “Speech didn’t sound like speech because it is such a complex sound. It is harder to distinguish.” When she started to recognise it, all speech sounded high or what she refers to as “Mickey Mouse voices.” While at Derby Hills Elementary School, she worked with speech language pathologist Jean Fisher and special education teacher Sandy Chichester. “Sandy and Jean are like my second moms,” Combs said. “They had tough love. If I made a mistake or mispronounced a word, they made me fix it and then do it 10 more times perfectly.” Fisher and Chichester both came to Combs’s graduation. They have worked with Combs since she was 3 years old. “It was absolutely the most overwhelming, incredible experience of my professional life,” Chichester said. “I was just in awe.” Special Education teacher Sandy Chichester left, speech pathologist Jean Fisher with longtime student Casey Coombs at her graduation. Chichester remembers when Combs told her in sixth grade that she wanted to be an audiologist. “I kept thinking all along how are you going to do that,” Chichester said. “That is going to be a difficult field for you.” Audiologists have to be able to listen well, converse and understand deaf people who don’t know sign language. Most of the sounds that Combs knows are not from hearing them, but from learning the sounds from her teachers and family. “She was always terrible at understanding men’s voices,” Chichester said. Combs didn’t have a lot of men to talk to at the elementary school. All of her teachers were female. Her brother would sit down and help her, and current Superintendent Craig Wilford would come to the school and read out loud so Combs could practice hearing a man’s voice. “By the time I was in first grade, I could read at a fifth grade level,” Combs said. At 17 years old, Combs had the chance to get a cochlear implant for her other ear. Her doctor told her she would never be able to hear out of the other ear even with the implant, but she decided to do it anyway. “I told her you never let other people tell you what you are going to become,” Chichester said. “She learned to persevere.” Fisher remembers when Combs participated in a speech contest in high school, and she won. “She has always been very driven,” Fisher said. “She works very hard for whatever it is she wants.” Throughout her senior year of high school, she shadowed Fisher and Chichester after going to school in the morning. “Had it not been for those two, we would not have had the outcome we have now,” Pyles-Tauer said. To this day, most people who meet Combs wouldn’t know she was deaf after talking with her. She graduated from Derby High School in 2009 and went to the University of Kansas for her undergraduate and doctorate degrees. Although she has attained a lot of success, Combs still struggles with different aspects of her hearing and the social stigma that goes with her disability. She still has trouble determining where sound comes from or distinguishing sound in a noisy environment. Just a couple of years ago she heard the sound of water for the first time. “She is still discovering sounds that she wasn’t aware of,” Fisher said. Combs will start her dream job as an audiologist in June at a private ear, nose and throat clinic in Tyler, Texas. In the future, she sees herself becoming a specialist in cochlear implants or doing research about hearing loss. “I am thankful that I can use my hearing loss to help other people,” Combs said. Become a Cicada member For only A$10 for life, you will receive a copy of Buzz magazine and can attend events. [14] Welcome to sound Jan 13th 2020 21:20 - Shared by Administrator [22] Patty Spitler gets cochlear implant turned on Jan 12th 2020 21:19 - Shared by Administrator [26] How Israelis are going to help us hear better Jan 12th 2020 20:57 - Shared by Administrator [18] Researcher launches study to help the hearing impaired gain access to music Jan 12th 2020 20:41 - Shared by Administrator [19] Local audiologist wins national award Jan 11th 2020 21:18 - Shared by Administrator [32] Reversing Hearing Loss Jan 11th 2020 20:55 - Shared by Administrator [28] Cochlear implant can enable even profoundly deaf people to hear, says expert Jan 11th 2020 20:39 - Shared by Administrator [26] David Oliver: Hearing loss in hospital Jan 11th 2020 01:42 - Shared by Administrator [28] 'It was life-changing.' Former teacher who lost hearing decades ago gets cochlear implant Jan 10th 2020 21:14 - Shared by Administrator [27] Three of Wyoming couple's five kids undergo life-changing cochlear implant procedures in Colorado Jan 10th 2020 21:08 - Shared by Administrator [29] A week in the dark rewires brain cell networks and changes hearing Jan 10th 2020 20:54 - Shared by Administrator [28] Action on Hearing Loss to sell off care services in the next few months Jan 10th 2020 01:40 - Shared by Administrator [231] Boy Who Lost Hearing At 2-Years-Old Is Now Thriving In Middle School After Cochlear Implant Surgery Jan 09th 2020 21:11 - Shared by Administrator [26] Girl born deaf receives gift of hearing for Christmas Jan 09th 2020 21:07 - Shared by Administrator [25] Hearing Loss to Hearing Recovery: My Detour-Filled Journey Jan 09th 2020 20:48 - Shared by Administrator VCNT - Visitors Currently are 103 guests and no members online Here is a link to Deafblindness support and information. They are based in Western Australia and supported by Senses Australia. Hear For You web site Vision Statement: “For all young people who are deaf to reach their potential in life.”	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line977
__label__wiki	0.878278	0.878278	Samir Doughty Anfernee McLemore Austin Wiley J'Von McCormick Sports College basketball Basketball College sports Men's basketball Men's sports Men's college basketball Furman Southern Auburn SEC No. 14 Auburn rallies to beat Furman 81-78 By JOHN ZENOR - Dec. 06, 2019 12:33 AM EST Furman guard Jordan Lyons (23) passes the ball over Auburn forward Anfernee McLemore (24) during the first half of an NCAA college basketball game Thursday, Dec. 5, 2019, in Auburn, Ala. (AP Photo/Julie Bennett) AUBURN, Ala. (AP) — Bruce Pearl's message to his team was that No. 14 Auburn had been outcoached and outplayed, and that it does happen sometimes. The Tigers nonetheless survived for an 81-78 overtime victory over Furman on Thursday night with smothering second-half defense. Christian Okoro scored a season-high 18 points, including two free throws with 1.6 seconds left in overtime to help the Tigers (8-0) complete a rally from a 14-point second-half deficit, easily their largest of the season. Samir Doughty scored on a drive with 15 seconds left but Mike Bothwell drilled a 3-pointer for Furman (7-3), which quickly fouled Okoro. The freshman made both foul shots and Bothwell missed a final heave from before half-court. Austin Wiley scored five points in overtime, finishing with 13 points and 12 rebounds. Wiley just claimed Southeastern Conference player of the week and Legends Classic MVP honors. Okoro also had nine rebounds. Auburn won despite a cold-shooting night from Doughty, who scored 13 points but missed all seven 3-point attempts. The Tigers were 4-of-25 in 3-point shooting. Noah Gurley led Furman with 21 points and eight rebounds before fouling out with 2:31 left in overtime, when Wiley made a basket and free throw. Clay Mounce added 14 points before also fouling out. The Tigers tied it 66-66 on two straight layups by J'Von McCormick's over the final 1:05 of regulation. The second came with 14 seconds left and then Bothwell lost control of the ball on the other end with 5 seconds left. McCormick missed reverse layup attempt at the buzzer after he juked a defender off his feet, sending the game to overtime. Furman: Finished a four-game road swing with a near-upset. The Paladins started a 20-2 run late in the first half, opening up a 46-32 lead with 16 minutes left. .Auburn: Trailed at the half for only the second time this season and its previous largest deficit was six points in the last game against Richmond. Had an eight-minute drought without a field goal. PUGH'S SPARK Jaylon Pugh came in with 19 points in the first six games, all off the bench. He scored all 11 of his points by halftime, including back to back 3-pointers in a 28-second span during Furman's closing run. Those two 3s matched his season-high coming into the game, six points. Auburn coach Bruce Pearl drew a second-half technical arguing that Anfernee McLemore was fouled on a rebound. Furman: Hosts USC Upstate on Sunday. Auburn: Faces Saint Louis in Birmingham, Alabama, on Dec. 14.	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line979
__label__cc	0.689971	0.310029	Calvin Wishart Montae Glenn Nikola Maric Rayjon Tucker Markquis Nowell Isaiah Crawley Tookie Brown Sports College sports College basketball Basketball Men's basketball Men's sports Men's college basketball Georgia Southern Sun Belt Arkansas-Little Rock Crawley scores 20 to lead Georgia Southern over UALR 81-66 - Feb. 28, 2019 09:41 PM EST STATESBORO, Ga. (AP) — Isaiah Crawley had a season-high 20 points as Georgia Southern defeated Arkansas-Little Rock 81-66 on Thursday night. Tookie Brown had 19 points for Georgia Southern (19-10, 11-5 Sun Belt Conference), which earned its fifth consecutive victory. Montae Glenn added 12 points and 11 rebounds. Calvin Wishart had 11 points for the hosts. Rayjon Tucker had 21 points for the Trojans (10-18, 5-10). Nikola Maric added 18 points and eight rebounds. Markquis Nowell, the Trojans' second-leading scorer coming into the matchup at 12 points per game, shot only 20 percent in the game (1 of 5). He finished with three points. Georgia Southern, which remains tied for second place and one game behind league-leading Texas State, takes on Arkansas State (6-9) at home on Saturday. Arkansas-Little Rock matches up against Georgia State (11-5) on the road on Saturday. Elements of this story were generated by Automated Insights, http://www.automatedinsights.com/ap, using data from STATS LLC, https://www.stats.com	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line980
__label__wiki	0.722771	0.722771	Sean Clifford Whop Philyor David Bell Rondale Moore Elijah Sindelar Jack Plummer Josh Uche Kwity Paye Sports College football Football College sports Athlete injuries Athlete health Illinois Big Ten Penn State Michigan Purdue Indiana Michigan's hopes in East could hinge on visit to Penn State By ERIC OLSON - Oct. 17, 2019 02:12 AM EDT Purdue wide receiver David Bell (3) tries to get past Maryland defensive back Deonte Banks (33) as he picks up 30-yards on a catch during the second half of an NCAA college football game in West Lafayette, Ind., Saturday, Oct. 12, 2019. Purdue defeated Maryland 40-14. (AP Photo/Michael Conroy) Here's what to watch in the Big Ten this week: No. 16 Michigan at No. 7 Penn State This feels like a must-win situation for Michigan (5-1, 3-1) if it hopes to stay in the Big Ten East race. For Penn State (6-0, 3-0), this is the only home game in a challenging four-game stretch that continues with trips to Michigan State and Minnesota. The Wolverines routed Penn State at the Big House last year and have won four of the last five meetings. Beaver Stadium promises to be rocking with the fans all dressed in white T-shirts. The annual "Whiteout" is reserved for the most important home game of the season. BEST MATCHUP Michigan front seven vs. Penn State offensive line The Wolverines have 12 of their 19 sacks the last two weeks and will be looking to put heat on Big Ten passing yards leader Sean Clifford. LB Josh Uche had three sacks last week against Illinois, and DL Kwity Paye had 2.5 the week before against Iowa. Penn State's line has protected better than it did last season, having allowed 10 sacks in six games, but Michigan's blitzing linebackers are formidable. Penalties also are an issue. Penn State's line was flagged four times for holding and once for a false start, all in the second half, against Iowa last week. Ohio State (at Northwestern) is playing a regular-season game on a Friday night for the second time, and first since 1959. ... Northwestern is going for its first win over the Buckeyes since 2004 and its first over a top-five opponent since 1961. ... Iowa (vs. Purdue) has a total of 15 points in its last two games, its lowest for back-to-back games since losses of 31-0 to Illinois and 38-10 to Ohio State in 2000. ... Wisconsin (at Illinois) will be playing its first away game in 50 days, the longest in-season stretch between road games since at least 1946. ... Illinois leads the nation in forced fumbles (11) and fumble recoveries (10). ... Minnesota will be the final Big Ten team to make its first initial visit to Rutgers. ... Maryland (vs. Indiana) has forced a turnover in 18 straight games, the longest streak in the Big Ten. Purdue, 17-point underdog at Iowa QB Jack Plummer has grown into the starter's role since Elijah Sindelar's latest injury, and he looks quite comfortable as long as his offensive line keeps him upright. Freshman WR David Bell is picking up the slack with Rondale Moore injured, with 20 of his 26 catches coming in the last three games. The Boilermakers' problems always come back to the defense. The good news for them is that Iowa is having difficulty finding offensive rhythm, though that can be explained away by the fact the Hawkeyes have faced two of the nation's best defenses the last two weeks. PLAYER TO WATCH Indiana WR Whop Philyor The junior is the hottest receiver in the Big Ten, following up his 14-catch game against Michigan State with 10 more against Rutgers. This could be another big week for him. The Hoosiers go on the road to Maryland and will be playing against the conference's worst pass defense.	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line981
__label__wiki	0.716081	0.716081	Columbia City Source News for the neighborhood Project/Development Map By columbiacitysource Neighborhood Toddler Falls From Window Kiro is reporting on a scary incident where a toddle fell from a 3rd-floor window on Oregon St: A 1-and-a-half-year-old girl was hurt in a fall from the third-floor window of an apartment near Seattle’s Columbia City neighborhood. When fire department medics arrived at the building in the 3000 block of South Oregon Street about 10 a.m. Wednesday, the girl was in her mother’s arms, crying.Seattle fire Lt. Sue Stangl said the girl was taken to Harborview Medical Center in serious condition with some missing teeth and abrasions.The child had been playing with her sister upstairs when she went out the window. Komo is also reporting on some additional details: A 1½ -year-old girl is in serious condition after falling out of a third-floor apartment window, emergency officials said. Medics and police responded to the scene, in the 3800 block of South Oregon Street, at about 10 a.m. Wednesday after receiving a report of a toddler involved in a fall. Lt. Sue Stangl of the Seattle Fire Department said the little girl fell out a third floor window and struck a first floor overhang before falling to the ground level. The girl’s mother ran downstairs and picked up the child. When medics arrived they found the girl in her mother’s arms. She was alert, conscious and crying. The girl was taken to Harborview Medical Center with abrasions and some missing teeth in serious condition, Stangl said. Photos from the scene showed a screen window lying near the spot where the girl fell. Follow Columbia City Source on Facebook Follow Columbia City Source on WordPress.com	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line984
__label__wiki	0.852445	0.852445	Couzens Hall Advisors Greater New York City Area – ‎General Counsel and Real Estate Transactions New owners of Century Center want to woo Trader Joe’s to east Modesto with your help The new owners of Century Center would love to see a Trader Joe’s come into the east Modesto shopping complex. And they’re betting a lot of you do, too. So they’ve gone as far as erecting signs in front of the shopping center on Oakdale Road asking the public to contact Trader Joe’s about opening at the site. For decades the complex was anchored by Gottschalks department store and Raley’s supermarket before their departures several years ago. But since then it has struggled with vacancies. Raley’s, which moved out in 2012 after opening its larger location in Village One, finally relinquished the lease it had in the complex at the end of 2018. Before that it had been paying for the vacant space and maintaining its non-compete clause barring other grocery stores from moving into the center. But now with that restriction lifted, the center’s new owners have big plans to both renovate and attract new retailers. That includes wooing Trader Joe’s, which already has a location in northwest Modesto near Vintage Faire Mall. Other planned improvements include major facade work to modernize the look and feel of the shopping complex, which debuted in 1979. Long-time tenants Round Table Pizza and Torii Japanese Steakhouse will undergo updating and major renovations. The center owners will also completely recondition the parking lot and upgrade to LED lighting. Facade renovation renderings of the new Century Center, which has new owners who plan to upgrade the center and hope to attract new retailers. The retails shown in the rendering are illustrative only, and not currently contracted at the center. GRACEADA PARTNERS/SOMERA ROAD INC New York-based commercial real estate firm Somera Road, Inc. and local investing group Graceada Partners, LLC. purchased the 214,389-square-foot retail center in November for $12.25 million. Already they have three new tenants lined up to move in: Satellite Healthcare, Golden Valley Healthcare and Taqueria El Maguey. Ryan Swehla, who leads the Central Valley real estate investment group Graceada Partners along with fellow NAI Benchmark principal Joe Muratore, said the new tenants plus updates should help to return the center to its status as a retail epicenter for east Modesto. They hope that will include Trader Joe’s, and it’s not all just wishful thinking. He said they’ve been in contact with Trader Joe’s representatives and begun discussions with the company. “We are taking a very hands-on approach to recruiting them to the center. We posted the signs to generate community feedback to Trader Joe’s expressing the strong demand that we know exists. We are in early discussions with them although there is by no means certainty around their interest in locating there. But we know Trader Joe’s listens to their customers,” Swehla said. The signs, posted before the holidays, read, “Do you want to see Trader Joe’s here? If so, please let them know: www.traderjoes.com/contact-us/location-request.” The large white placards, which use the Trader Joe’s red company logo, are posted at the north and south ends of the center along Oakdale Road. Signs asking the public to contact Trader Joe’s are posted along the corners of Century Center on Oakdale Road in Modesto, Calif. Jan. 3, 2018. Marijke Rowland MROWLAND@MODBEE.COM Trader Joe’s opened its Dale Road in 1993, and it remains a popular and busy shopping draw. Ask anyone who has stood in line at the Modesto TJ’s on any given Sunday and you’ll understand the desire for another location in the city. For decades Century Center, on the opposite side of town, had one of the few large grocery stores on the east side with Raley’s, attracting residents from the populous nearby neighborhoods. The complex currently has 10 restaurants, ranging from long-running spots like Ridgway’s and the Ice Cream Co. to Jamba Juice and Pizza Hut. The new taqueria will move into space next to Vision First Optometry. The two healthcare centers will move into space near the back of the complex. Graceada Partners and Somera Road representatives said they’re excited about the center’s future prospects. “With these new tenants and updates, Century Center is quickly becoming the mixed use, lifestyle center that we envisioned when purchasing the property,” Swehla said. “Overall we are excited for the rejuvenation of this once bustling retail epicenter of east Modesto.” Original post: https://www.modbee.com/news/business/biz-columns-blogs/biz-beat/article223980305.html Meet the investor that bought the debt of the SouthSide Works New Yorker pays $30M for downtown site, tees up renovations Friedman Real Estate sells 200,000-SF distribution warehouse in Illinois CMBS DQs at nearly 10-year low — Fitch Vanguard Law Magazine Interview In Tune with the Redevelopment Times Advising (5) Organizational Changes (3) Ventures (8) © Copyright 2017 - 2019 \| Couzens Hall Advisors, LLC \| All Rights Reserved \| Site by Darling	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line996
__label__cc	0.593245	0.406755	INTERNATIONAL REGISTRIES, INC. RETURN TO IRI Data Privacy Consent Filing Agents Data Privacy Consent Form Your privacy is important to International Registries, Inc. and its affiliates (IRI), which provides administrative and technical support to the Republic of the Marshall Islands Maritime and Corporate Registries. In order to provide you with the requested service(s), please complete this consent form. You may withdraw your consent at any time, but doing so may affect the availability of requested services. Your information will be stored for as long as legally permitted. You have the right to receive a copy of and to correct your data at any time. Contact dataprivacy@register-iri.com for any data withdrawal requests or other questions or concerns. The full privacy policy is available at: www.register-iri.com (free hardcopy available upon request). This Consent Form shall be valid for five (5) years. Seafarer’s Consent click here Filing Agent’s Consent click here Marketing Communication Consent click here © 2020 INTERNATIONAL REGISTRIES	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line1000
__label__wiki	0.525773	0.525773	Archive \| Oil & Gas RSS feed for this section Is Title IV Reg A+ Equity Crowdfunding the Right Fundraising Tool for Your Growing Business? A Checklist of Goals for Businesses Considering Raising Money with a Title IV Reg A+ Crowdfunding Campaign Is Title IV Reg A+ Equity Crowdfunding the Right Fundraising Tool? Austin, Texas – Trying to figure out if Title IV Reg A+ Equity Crowdfunding is the right fundraising tool to help your company move to the next level? Most people consider Reg A+ to be one step below issuing an IPO (Initial Public Offering) at a fraction of what it usually costs, thus it is also known as a Mini-IPO. Most financial analysts consider existing businesses with several years of operations and generating significant revenue from multiple product/service lines to be the best candidates to launch a Reg A+ crowdfunding campaign. Smaller investment bookrunners will argue that even startups and small businesses are good targets to raise money using Reg A+, especially if they have goal of going public in 18-to-24 months based on certain revenue milestones. Top Title IV Reg A+ Crowdfunding Questions: Do you have a strong management team? Do your founders or investors have any “Star Power?” Do you need to raise more than $1 million? Have you developed an effective 30-second elevator pitch? Have you developed a 3-minute crowdfunding pitch video with a strong call-to-action? Have you developed a “Pitch Book” for investors? Do you have a lead investor of $25k+ or more? Have you raised at least $100,000+ or more from prior investments? Is your business growing at 20% or more month over month? Have you generated at least $100,000+ of lifetime revenue? Is your business projecting 2x to 3x year-on-year profit growth? Can you provide investors with a 3x to 10x ROI over the next 3 to 5 years? Is your market valuation worth $5 million or more? Is your market capitalization realistic from a VC’s point of view? Have you run a successful rewards/perks-based crowdfunding campaign? Do you have a database of at least 5,000+ customer email accounts? Do you have a database of at least 1,000+ investor email accounts? Have you generated at least 3 or more press articles in the trade press? Do you have a $20,000 or more for a advertising/crowdfunding PR budget? Do you have a strong LinkedIn resume and a large social media following on Facebook and Twitter? If you cannot answer “yes” to the majority of these questions, then your business may not be ready to launch a Reg A+ equity crowdfunding campaign. These are many of the milestones that private equity investors and venture capitalists like see in a pitch deck to make your company worth serious consideration for a seed stage or private equity investment. If not, use this list to set some goals and objectives for your business and work hard to achieve them. Title IV Reg A+ vs. IPO If you think you are serious about issuing a Reg A+ offering, it would be wise to read through the following white papers on Title IV Reg A+ vs. IPOs. Learning how a bookrunner works with various investment banks, institutional investors, venture capital and private equity firms can provide valuable insight into how Wall Street has been raising money for startups for the past 100 years. The white papers will also provide key insights into how much money it will cost as well as the actual fundraising process including what it takes to put together a “Pitch Book” and how to market it via “Dog and Pony” investment road shows. The key to raising for a company’s management team to travel from city to city meeting with potential investors to pitch Reg A+ investment opportunities. A Guide to Title IV Reg A+ – White Paper IPO (Initial Public Offering) Guidebook – White Paper Managing Key Investors in IPOs (Initial Public Offerings) – White Paper Fatal Flaws in Selecting an IPO (Initial Public Offering) Underwriter Selection – White Paper Title IV Reg A+ Background The SEC has previously stated that the primary purpose in adopting Reg A+ was to provide a simple and relatively inexpensive procedure for small business use in raising limited amounts of needed capital. Reg A+ issuers submit a paper-based offering statement to the SEC; this offering statement is essentially an abbreviated version of an IPO prospectus and it must be “qualified,” or cleared, by the SEC and delivered to prospective purchasers. In addition to SEC review, Reg A+ offerings have traditionally been subject to review under state securities laws (also known as “Blue Sky” laws). In comparison, a traditional registered IPO listed on a national exchange is exempt from Blue Sky requirements. Securities sold in a Reg A+ offering are freely transferable in the secondary market, though Reg A+ issuers are not subject to Exchange Act reporting requirements. Title IV Reg A+ as Outlined by 2012 JOBS Act Title IV of the 2012 JOBS Act directed the SEC to expand Reg A to exempt offerings of up to $50 million in equity, debt or convertible securities. The law mandated that issuers relying on this new exemption would be required to file audited financial statements with the SEC on an annual basis. However, without infrastructure currently in place for A+ securities to trade on national exchanges, lawmakers left it within the purview of the SEC to settle the state jurisdiction question by establishing the definition for “qualified purchaser” in the rulemaking process. The 2nd Tier of Title IV Reg A+ Offerings The SEC’s final rule was adopted on March 25, 2015, and became effective during the summer of 2015. In the rule, the SEC expanded Regulation A into two tiers: Tier 1 for offerings of up to $20 million and Tier 2 for offerings up to $50 million. By removing key procedural obstacles and introducing common-sense investor protections, this new Reg A+ framework creates a viable capital-raising alternative for issuers that want to remain independent and innovative. Below are some of the key provisions included in the SEC’s Reg A+ rule: Testing the waters: Issuers may solicit interest in a potential offering with the general public, either before or after the filing of the offering statement. Blue Sky: Offerings made under Tier 2 are generally exempt from state securities law registration and qualification requirements. And while Tier 1 offerings would still be subject to state Blue Sky regulations, the states’ new Coordinated Review process has dramatically reduced the burdens associated with this process. Offering Circular: Issuers can confidentially file statements for SEC qualification. Offering circular must include audited financial statements and balance sheets for the two most recently completed fiscal year ends. The Offering Circular format is narrative disclosure, similar to what is required from smaller reporting companies in a prospectus, but more limited in certain respects. Proceeds: For Tier 2 offerings, there is an annual offering limit of up to $50 million in equity, debt or convertible securities, including no more than $15 million from selling security holders. For Tier 1 offerings, the annual limit is $20 million, with not more than $6 million from selling security holders preceded or accompanied by a preliminary offering circular. Transferability/Liquidity for Investors: Securities sold in these offerings are not “restricted securities” under the Securities Act, and thus are freely tradable in the secondary market. Ongoing Reporting: Issuers that conduct a Tier 2 offering must electronically file annual and semiannual reports with the SEC, but those who conduct Tier 1 offerings generally have no ongoing reporting obligations. Are Title IV Reg A+ Shares More Liquid? Securities offered under Reg A+ are freely tradable, which makes them more valuable to employees, investors and founders. This is beneficial for investors but also for issuer constituents, who may be early investors or insiders, seeking liquidity. The issuers’ choice of venue is mostly to do with the size of the offering and the company’s market capitalization. Need Help Preparing a Title IV Reg A+ Offering? How Much Money Would You Like to Raise? What Industry Do the Business Serve? 30-Second Elevator Pitch (required) Founder Name(required) Founder Email(required) What Crowdfunding Goals Do You Need Help With?(required) Building a Company Website with Great SEO Developing a Strong Social Media Following Generating Positive PR Articles in the Press Completing One Successful Crowdfunding Campaign Developing an Email Database of ~5k+ Customers Developing a Database of ~1k+ Potential Investors Developing a Customer Acquisition Program Growing Sales and Distribution Channels Raising a $20k Social Media and PR Budget Our Business is Ready to Launch Something Not Listed Here Mr. Robert Hoskins is a seasoned marketing veteran with a proven track record of helping entrepreneurs, startups, small businesses as well as Fortune 500 corporations launch successful marketing communications campaigns to gain market traction for a wide variety of products and services. On a regular basis, Mr. Hoskins consults on a regular basis with crowdfunding campaign managers as well as crowdfunding sites, portals and platforms to deliver successful crowdfunding marketing campaigns. Google search “Robert Hoskins Crowdfunding” to see why Mr. Hoskins is considered one of the industry’s foremost crowdfunding experts that has amassed a huge social media following, which is dedicated to supporting donation-, rewards- and equity-based crowdfunding campaigns. In addition, due to the overwhelming demand from the general public for information on crowdfunding, he empowers entrepreneurs, startups and existing businesses with the internet’s most affordable crowdfunding training classes, which provide insight to startups around the world on a 24 x 7 basis. Tags: $50 Million, Crowdfunding Blue Sky Law, Crowdfunding Expert, Crowdfunding PR, Customer Databases, Equity Crowdfunding, Front Page PR, Guide to Title IV Reg A+ Crowdfunding, Initial Public Offering, Investor Databases, IPO, Offering Circular, Pitch Book, Reg A+ Questions, Reg. A, Robert Hoskins, Testing the Waters, Title IV, Top Title IV, Virtual Road Shows Categories 2012 JOBS Act, Accredited Investors, Austin, Business Pitching Contests, Cannabis, Clean Technology, Co-Working Spaces, Computers, Copy Writing, Crowdfunding Consultants, Crowdfunding Industries, Crowdfunding Investments, Crowdfunding Marketing Companies, Crowdfunding News, Crowdfunding PR Campaigns, Crowdfunding PR Campaigns, Crowdfunding PR Firms, Crowdfunding Prep Work, Crowdfunding Training Classes, Dallas, Design, Drones, Electronics, Energy, Engineering, Equity-Based, Fin-Tech, Financial Services, Franchises, Ft. Worth, Gadgets, High Technology, Houston, Information Technology, Innovation Labs, Media Databases, Media Pitches, non-accredited investors, Oil & Gas, Outdoor Adventure, Peer-to-Peer Lending, Perks-Based, Press Conference, Press Releases, Public Relations (PR), Reg CF, Reg D, Reg D, Rule 506 (c), Renewable Energy, Rewards-Based, Round Rock, Round Table Discussions, San Antonio, SEC Regulations, Seminars, Solar, Space Exploration, Texas, Title IV A+ Crowdfunding, Training Classes, United States Carlson Wireless Launches $5 Million Crowdfunder.com Equity Crowdfunding Campaign to Raise Money to Deploy TV White Space 802.22 Broadband Wireless Networks The New FCC-Approved “Super Wi-Fi” TV White Space Radios will make it possible to serve 4 billion people living in 3rd world developing countries, 90% of which do not have access to the Internet Sunnyvale, California – Carlson Wireless Technologies announced a $5 million Crowdfunder.com equity crowdfunding campaign to develop and deploy its a global leader in TV White Space (TVWS) unlicensed broadband wireless technology. At speeds of up 25-Mbps, which is three times faster than current technology, and half the cost, Carlson’s RuralConnect Generation 3 TVWS radios (470 to 698 MHz) will offer a superior broadband wireless solution than is currently available in the marketplace. These white space wireless radios will make it possible to build wireless networks in underserved rural areas where there is a huge pent up demand from millions of customers that currently do not have any form of broadband internet access. Carlson Wireless Technologies Launches Equity Crowdfunding Campaign on Crowdfunder for RuralConnect TV White Space Radio Gen3 In order to transform its FCC-approved prototype into a mass produced reality for worldwide distribution, Carlson Wireless is offering the private placement memorandum and is currently selling equity shares to raise investment venture capital. The equity fundraising will enable completion of both the software and hardware for the new product, as well as provide working capital for the first Generation 3 production run, with an expected release to market before the end of 2015. Carlson Wireless currently has a presence on the equity crowdfunding platforms AngelList and Crowdfunder. This funding will allow Carlson Wireless to help fuel world-wide Internet connectivity through next generation dynamic spectrum wireless communication systems. By helping the company fund the final stages of this project, investors can be a part of this fundamental economic and social change. Globally, there are 4 billion people without access to the Internet, 90% of which are from the developing world. Domestically, millions of Americans in rural areas lack access to broadband connectivity due to current market and technological constraints. Carlson Wireless developed the FCC Certified RuralConnect as a solution that provides affordable broadband Internet access by transmitting signals over vacant TV frequencies. Using this spectrum, the RuralConnect signal penetrates foliage and travels around hills to provide broadband in rural and remote locations throughout the world that cannot be served by traditional line-of-sight radio technology. RuralConnect can cover an area up to 20 km in diameter, with the ability to deploy a hotspot using minimal infrastructure. TVWS technology also expands the capability of businesses and governments to extend communications and private networks such as: small cell sites, smart cities, the Internet of Things (M2M), utilities, oil & gas operations, public safety, wireless backhaul, security, video surveillance and more. Moreover, acceptance of the technology is accelerating worldwide, with regulatory approvals earlier this year in Canada and the U.K. In the United States, the abandoned television frequencies are primarily in the upper UHF 700-Megahertz band, covering TV channels 52 to 69 (698 to 806 MHz). This new spectrum became available as TV broadcasters migrated from analog to digital broadcasting technology. Digital transmission uses much smaller slices of spectrum and can be packed into adjacent channels, while analog ones cannot. This means that the band can be “compressed” into fewer channels, while still allowing for more transmissions. In addition to white space assigned for technical reasons, there is also unused radio spectrum which has either never been used, or is becoming free as a result of technical changes. For more than a decade, Carlson Wireless has designed and developed products to deliver high-speed Internet and wireline-quality voice connectivity to rural communities and businesses with remote operations. Specializing in hard-to-reach regions, Carlson Wireless provides fixed-wireless systems using TV White Space and microwave technology to deliver voice and data connections. Working with customers, trial participants, and other industry leaders, Carlson Wireless has created a third-generation product that will exhibit the enhanced throughput and superior propagation characteristics required by the market at an attractive price point. The RuralConnect Generation 3 will utilize channel bonding in order to triple Internet connection speeds up to 25 Mbps, reduce latency, and support four times as many users per sector; all under the new IEEE 802.22 standard. Tags: Angel List, Broadband Wireless, California, Canada, Carlson Wireless, Crowdfunder.com, Equity Crowdfunding, FCC-Approved, IEEE 802.22, oil & gas operations, public safety, RurualConnect, Security, small cell sites, smart cities, Sunnyvale, Super Wi-Fi, the Internet of Things (M2M), TV White Space, UK, United States, Unlicensed Spectrum, utilities, video surveillance, wireless backhaul Categories Accredited Investors, Angel List, Broadband Internet Access, California, CrowdFunder, Crowdfunding Campaign Launch, Crowdfunding Industries, Crowdfunding Investments, Crowdfunding PR Campaigns, Crowdfunding PR Firms, Equity-Based, High Technology, Internet of Things, Oil & Gas, Sunnyvale, Telecommunications, Top Crowdfunding Sites, United States, Wireless Front Page PR Targets New Texas Crowdfunding Portals and Private Placement Issuers with Advertising, Marketing and PR Consulting Services Offers Texas Crowdfunding Portals (TCPs), Texas Equity Private Placement Issuers & Texas Investors Guidance on the Best Strategies to Launch and Market Successful Crowdfunding Campaigns in Texas Austin, Texas – Today a new Texas Crowdfunding Exemption Rule goes into effect that will give the state yet another financial tool to encourage more people with creative ideas to start new businesses in Texas. For the first time in 80 years, businesses will be able to sell equity shares in their business to more than 20 million unaccredited investors who live in Texas via new online Texas crowdfunding portals using general solicitation. “Already armed with a zero income tax, low overall tax burden, sensible regulations and low housing costs, Texas is now armed with an even more powerful financial tool, Equity Crowdfunding,” said Robert Hoskins, Front Page PR’s Crowdfunding Director. “This new small business financing tool will be the key to helping businesses, entrepreneurs, and new startups in Texas raise venture capital by selling equity shares in their companies to Texas residents.” Similar to the way that powerful and exclusive Silicon Valley venture capital firms built their wealth during the 1990s by betting on high-tech startups, every legal resident in Texas can now legally become a micro venture capitalist by investing up to $5,000 per deal in local Texas startups and existing businesses. As crowdfunded deals begin to go public, the wealth and economic development that will be created in Texas will be hard to match. Texas offer investors a wide variety of industries to choose from including application development, software, mobile apps, communications, information technology, high-tech gadgets, video games, aerospace, aviation, bio-tech, life sciences, clean-tech, energy, oil & gas, real estate, film, entertainment, music and many other promising industries. Already home to 1.7 million small businesses, gaining access to a market of 20+ million new potential investors combined with the SEC’s legalization of general solicitation will make Texas the best and easiest place in America to start a new business and raise venture capital. And the seeds for a bumper crop of new Texas Crowdfunding Portals are already being planted. SeedInvest.com/Texas, TexasCrowdfunding.com, TexasEquityShares.com are already in the various stages of building their new crowdfunding portals and filing their applications with the Texas State Securities Board, but soon they will be harvesting their first round of Texas crowdfunded startups. “SeedInvest has worked primarily with angel, venture capital and other accredited investors to match them up with startups in Texas such as Virtuix, based out of Houston,” said Marc Nathan, SeedInvest’s Managing Director of Texas. “But the Texas crowdfunding exemption will allow us to reach a much wider audience of unaccredited investors.” “There are many great companies that connect technology startups with sophisticated investors, but we’re focused on working with businesses that want to build and grow with support from investors in their own backyard,” said Amy Forsyth, Texas Crowdfunding’s CEO. “To accomplish this goal we’re taking a different approach than most and plan to focus on featuring local small businesses and early-stage companies that are often overlooked, undervalued and under capitalized.” “Our crowdfunding portal will be seeking high-tech crowdfunding equity issuers that are focused on Internet technologies, e-commerce, smartphone apps, digital properties and platforms, Software as a Service (SasS), etc.,” said Dusty Brogdon, Texas Equity Shares’ CEO. “We are seeking to serve mid-tier crowdfunding equity issuers with a minimum project value of $200,000+ with a long-term goal of taking the business public within two years.” “Texas is about to see a dramatic surge in demand for Texas crowdfunding portals, equity private placement issuers and investors. Front Page PR is ready to help these companies bring their products and services to the Texas marketplace,” Hoskins continued. “Armed with the right community outreach programs needed to educate entrepreneurs and investors on the new crowdfunding rules, the possibilities for small business formation and growth in Texas will be limitless.” Front Page PR provides a portfolio of crowdfunding marketing communications services, which will be instrumental in bringing these new crowdfunding portals to life and helping them launch successful crowdfunding campaigns for their fundraising campaign managers, including: Crowdfunding portal selection Crowdfunding deal structure Crowdfunding disclosure documents Crowdfunding profiles and pitch videos Community outreach strategies PR/media relations campaigns Investor education programs Tags: Accelerators, Aerospace, Bio Tech, Clean Tech, Consulting Firms, Crowdfunding Industries, Disclosure Requirements, Entertainment, Entrepreneurs, EquityNet, film, Fin-Tech, Financial Services, Franchises, Front Page PR, High Tech, incubators, InvestPeer.com, Issuers, movies, Robert Hoskins, SeedInvest Texas, Texas Crowdfunding, Texas Crowdfunding Rules, TexasCrowdfunding.com, TexasEquityShares.com, Top Crowdfunding Sites Categories 2012 JOBS Act, Abilene, Amarillo, Austin, Bio-Tech, Clean Technology, Community Outreach, Consulting Firms, Corpus Christi, Crowdfunding Campaign Launch, Crowdfunding Industries, Crowdfunding Investments, Crowdfunding Marketing Companies, Crowdfunding PR Agencies, Crowdfunding PR Campaigns, Crowdfunding PR Firms, Crowdfunding Site Launches, Dallas, Education, El Paso, Entertainment, Entrepreneurs, Equity-Based, EquityNet, Film & Movies, Fin-Tech, Financial Services, Franchises, Ft. Worth, High Technology, Houston, Incubators, Inventors, Investpeer.com, Issuers, non-accredited investors, Oil & Gas, Real Estate, Renewable Energy, San Antonio, SEC Regulations, SeedInvest, SeedInvest.com/Texas, Seminars, Solar, Space Exploration, Temple, Texas, Texas Crowdfunding, Texas Crowdfunding Disclosure Requirements, Texas Crowdfunding Rules, Texas State Securities Board, TexasCrowdfunding.com, TexasEquityShares.com, Title III Crowdfunding, Top Crowdfunding Sites, Top Crowdlending Sites, Training Programs, United States Crowdfunding Industry Drills Its First Oil and Gas CrowdFunding Platform in Houston Accredited Investors Can Now Shop for Texas Oil and Gas Investment Opportunities in Texas on eOilBoom.com eOilBoom.com, the first Oil & Gas CrowdFunding platform has officially launched at Summer NAPE in Houston, Texas. eOilBoom.com’s proprietary and patented pending platform pairs oil & gas deals with accredited investors. The entire process from the due diligence of a deal to completing the transaction will take place on eOilBoom.com’s funding platform. “We finally have created a platform where the masses have the opportunity to invest in an alternative investment such as oil and gas instead of continuing to only invest in the traditional volatile stock market. eOilBoom.com’s oil and gas deals can potentially provide larger and more stable rewards for our investors,” says Rodney D. Giles, CEO of eOilBoom.com. eOilBoom.com states they have been working for months with their in house development team and outside legal counsel on figuring out the right method to make this platform work correctly. Giles goes on to say, “Our platform is unique because typically an investor is only able to buy into an ownership of a holding company such as a LLC or LP, with our funding platform, our investors will have direct ownership through a working interest in a lease or through a direct mineral or royalty ownership.” “We understand each investor has a different risk tolerance and with eOilBoom.com we provide both drilling prospects as well as long life production deals providing investor a wide variety of investment choice based on the investor’s risk profile,” says Giles. Furthermore, eOilBoom.com choose Summer NAPE in Houston, TX, the premier oil & gas trade show to showcase its platform. eOilBoom.com is giving away a Royalty in a producing oil & gas well for anyone who registers for free at their booth. Lead by serial entrepreneur Rodney D. Giles, eOilBoom.com is the first online Oil & Gas CrowdFunding platform that enables accredited investors to get direct access to a vast array of Oil & Gas Deals from multiple operators. eOilBoom.com has innovated a unique proprietary and patented pending platform that enables multiple buyers to purchase a single property and receive their direct proportionate share of the ownership. Related Oil & Gas Crowdfunding articles: FTTN’s Texas Oil Production Rises Texas oil boom spurs more job growth The exponential rise in ‘Saudi Texas’ oil output continues – the state’s oil production has doubled in only 27 months! Oil boom in Luling sparks new interest in town Texas will continue to lead US oil boom Energy powers Houston legal business Oil money, baby boomers heating up sales of Texas trophy ranches Will the Ghosts of Texas’ Past Haunt Its Future? Tags: Accredited investor, Accredited Investors, business, CNOOC Limited, crowdfunding sites, Energy, eOilboom.com, Houston, Limited liability company, Oil & Gas Crowdfunding, Oil and Gas, Oil well, Premier Oil, Texaco, Texas, Texas Oil, Title II General Solicitation Categories Accredited Investors, Broker/Dealer, Crowdfunding Investments, Crowdfunding PR Campaigns, Crowdfunding Site Launches, eOilBoom.com, Equity-Based, Microfinance, Oil & Gas, Top Crowdfunding Sites, United States	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line1011
__label__cc	0.631991	0.368009	Zac Fettig Zac Fettig last won the day on December 3 2015 Zac Fettig had the most liked content! About Zac Fettig Arriflex 16S/B Kicking @$$, chewing bubblegum. Lenses for Arriflex Zac Fettig replied to Mark Day's topic in ARRI Arri standard and Arri bayonet are slightly different. Arri bayonet mounts will take any Arri standard lenses, but not vise versa. Same bore. Arri bayonet partially replaced the Arri standard (late 60s, early 70s?). They were both replaced completely by Arri PL later on (early-mid 80s?). https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flange_focal_distance The distance from the lens mounting flange to the focal plane (where the film is) is called the flange focal distance. The Arri has a 52.0mm ffd. The M39 is 28.8mm. Because it's smaller than the camera's, you'll lose at least part of (possibly all) your focal range, if the adapter doesn't have optics to compensate for it (I've never used one of the Kilfitt adapters, so I don't know). How much depends on the lens. Leicina Super rt1 Film Stock Question Zac Fettig replied to Joe Amend's topic in Camera Operating Here's a link to the manual: http://www.apecity.com/manuals/pdf/leicina_super_rt-1_manual.pdf Page 25 says the auto exposure control works between 25 and 420 ASA. So it'll read the 500T as 400 speed. Not a huge issue, with modern negative film stocks. Trying to find a camera model Zac Fettig replied to Daniel Meier's topic in Super-8 For a while it was about the same. It's a little more these days (since Kodak's been jacking up prices). But it does end up costing about 33% more for 16mm than super 8. Assuming you're shooting enough to make the lab minimum charges for telecine. Assuming Kodak direct pricing, and current commercial rates at Cinelab, I figure super 8 will cost $58.96/50ft ($0.39/sec) and 16mm will cost $87.46/100ft ($0.52/sec). At 24 fps, you'll probably get about the same run time out of both. Your Mileage May Vary. Most can be used on a stabilizer, if you can find one that can be balanced with such a small camera. Easier now than back in the day. I figure any DSLR stabilizer should be able to handle a Super 8 camera. Most commonly, you use a cable release. It was easily available, and well understood back then. Some cameras can be triggered with a simple electrical switch. I know the Canon 814 AZE and the Leicina Special can. Canon Autozoom 814E and Kodak Vision3 200T Zac Fettig replied to Andrei's topic in Super-8 It's a great camera, but you might want to consider just letting it auto expose. the AZEs have a problem with the manual aperture. There is a rubber wheel inside the camera that controls it, and they tend to get brittle over time. So you set the aperture, and it starts to drift wildly all over the place. The auto aperture works differently, and tends to do a (reasonably) good job. Here's a link to a repair site (Japanese), if you're brave. For mine, I just live with it. Everything else on the camera works great, and I mostly shoot "run-and-gun" stuff on it, outdoors. http://www.nakanocam.com/8mm_page/canon814eeerepai.html -18fps is standard. Pretty much all cameras can do this. -If you're manually metering, then any camera can take any stock. The cameras have built in light meters and will auto expose, but they have limitations. Most cameras will let you manually meter. -If you look around, and are patient, you can get almost any camera (except the Logmar or the VIC cameras) for that kind of money. -Interchangeable lenses for super 8 cameras are overrated. A few cameras come with C mounts, and the Leicina Special comes with an M mount. There isn't a lot of pro lenses that make a small enough circle to be really usable in super 8. For example, there were only 2 lenses made for the Leicina Special. And even in C mount, most of the lenses are for 16mm cameras, and will heavily crop the lens. This can be good if you have a large selection of 16mm lenses sitting around. The results are often better with interchangeable lens cameras, but mostly because they were the most expensive options out there. The higher end Canons/Nikons/Nizos with built in zooms often have very good performance. -Adjustable shutter angle is common, but highly overrated. Mostly used to do fade ins/fade outs. You can only approximate what the shutter angle will be. If you're trying to recreate the first five minutes of Saving Private Ryan (with the small shutter angle)... you'll need something more accurate. -Servo zooms on super 8 are also overrated, but common. It's not like a servo zoom on an ENG camera. Most of my cameras have them, but I never end up using them. -You don't want autofocus. Almost no cameras have it, and I don't know of any good autofocus systems made for ANY camera (including still cameras) until the 90s. It sounds like you want a Beaulieu 4008. C mount interchangeable lens. Frame rates from 1 to 70 fps. They did make a servo zoom: Schneider Kreuznach Optivaron f1.8 6-66 mm. Mostly go for a little more than your budget. It was a cinematographer's super 8 camera. Mirror reflex, not prism. Not the best if you want to hand-hold it, on sticks it's pretty good. Batteries are the biggest problem with the Beaulieus (weird size, dedicated battery), but there are several options for external power. http://super8wiki.com/index.php/Beaulieu_4008_ZM_2 There are places that sell verified working cameras. Be prepared to pay for it though. Du-all is a place to look. But they're not cheap.: http://www.duallcamera.com/store/Cameras_Super8mm.shtml I've actually had really good luck with buying cheap cameras off ebay. I set a low limit (say $40 not counting shipping) and bid on a few unqualified cameras. About 1/2 work as-is. 1/2 of the other cameras can be fixed with small stuff (like cleaning corroded contacts). Most of the cameras are quite old these days, so I expect them to need some work. I bought a Beaulieu 4008 ZM2 for $35 last year. Worked fine, except the grease got dirty and had gummed up the works; it badly needed to be cleaned. I got a Nikon R10 for $60, where a wire had broken in the handle (should have been an easy fix, but it's not). DIY Telecine with scanner It's been done: http://www.jiminger.com/s8/ http://www.truetex.com/telecine.htm I once scanned about 30 frames of Vision3 500T a while back. Took a full day. What a pain! You don't need the mask trays. You'll need a way to break it down into individual frames. Oh, and you're at the mercy of your scanner's resolution. The whole frame is only 0.036 in^2 (0.228" x 0.158"). At 600 dpi, you only get a 137x95 [pixels] image. You'd actually be better off setting a single strip at the top of the scanner to scan at very high resolution so you don't spend a lot of time/disk space scanning empty space Low light camera options Zac Fettig replied to John (Jeff) Hammond's topic in Super-8 As far as I know, the fastest film available today is the Vision3 500T you're already planning on using. Which is plenty fast for most applications. In my experience, a 220 degree shutter (in my case I used a Sankyo LXL 255) will give better low light performance than a 155 degree shutter (Canon 814 Autozoom Electronic). It will give weaker performance everywhere else. Low light in my case meant I lit for f2.0 with Tri-X, for both cameras. You probably will get better images with a faster film in a 155 degree camera than a slower film with finer grain in a 220 degree camera. The 220 degree lens will let in about 15% more light. But 500T is 233% as sensitive as 200T. So all other things being equal, the shutter angle is not the deciding factor. The film sensitivity is. Double 8 film perforator Zac Fettig replied to Jacek Zagaja's topic in 16mm Acetate film breaking is a good thing. It breaks before the camera does. Polyester film can destroy a camera mechanism. I'd go with a punch and die approach, instead of a knife. I kind of like the sewing machine idea, but what happens when the motor sparks in the dark room? And I wouldn't be too sure about the tolerances on a Beaulieu. There's a reason why they say "They don't make them like that anymore!" I mean, it's probably not tight compared to an Arri or Aaton... but it certainly is tighter than most anything you'll see these days. In general, the tolerances on perf dimensions are supposed to be +/- 0.01mm [0.0004"]. On a piece of bendy plastic, that needs to be cut in complete darkness. 16mm film perforator perforating tool Have you tried running a load of Fomapan through it? http://www.bhphotovideo.com/c/product/927375-REG/foma_411801_fomapan_r100_2x_standard.html Don't get me wrong, I love the idea. And I would love to be able to run vision3 500T through my Bolex C8. But cutting accurate holes is a tricky proposition for only a few feet. I don't even know what to use for a blade holder or film guide (that wouldn't cost $$$). Getting Started with Super 8 in the 21st C Zac Fettig replied to Freya Black's topic in Super-8 It's an excellent article on starting out! It summarizes most of the issues related to buying a camera. Not sure I'd get a 514XL, but that's just me. The advice is sound. So, anyone on the internet who wants to know how to get started with Super 8... read this! It's a great take on getting started. Investing In Super 8 Camera?? Zac Fettig replied to Ting Ma's topic in Students and New Filmmakers Telecine is your digitization. ( https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telecine) A telecine is the process of capturing the film to either tape or digital. These days, it usually means sending in a portable USB hard drive and having the lab transfer to that. Once you telecine the film, you can edit on Final Cut. You don't need it if you plan on editing reversal the old fashioned way (with tape and splices). You will need it if you shoot negative (I don't think the labs can make a color workprint in super 8 anymore, but I never really cared enough to look into it). About frame rates, you'd have to talk to the lab. My guess is you can scan to 18 FPS directly (I know I've done it in the past, but the last time I tried was to miniDV). Film will last longer at 18fps. Even if it's set to 24 FPS, you can always just adjust the timing in Final Cut. That said, I've always preferred the look of stuff shot at 24 FPS. I've never really seen a cost savings in buying a camera than can only do 18 FPS. There is a savings in the film cost (about 25%), but it was never worth the trade-off to me. Typically, the S8 shorts I've worked on tend to have about a 3:1 shooting ratio. So say an 8 minute short will need 24 Minutes of raw stock or 9 carts. Let's for arguments sake say you decide to shoot Tri-X (black and white reversal). That's $20.42/cart stock cost from Kodak or $21.95 from B&H [if you want color, that's gonna push it to $25.96-Kodak/$34.95-B&H for Vision3 200T]. $16.00/cart processing student rates from Cinelab. You'll need to get it telecine'd to edit it in a NLE (such as Final Cut). That's $0.27/foot student rate, best light ($100 minimum charge). So your cost breakdown is as follows: 9X $20.42 = $183.78 - Stock cost 9X $16.00 = $144.00 - Developing 9X50X $0.27 = $121.50 [Meets the minimum charge requirement] - Telecine For a grand total of $449.28. That's a realistic cost for an 8 minute B&W finished film, not including shipping costs ($499.14 for color). It IS affordable, but it isn't chump change, even for a working professional. That said, it isn't necessarily all up front costs. You can buy film as you go and pay the development as you shoot. The only part you'll have to pay all at once is the telecine, because of the minimum charges. I don't want to be discouraging, but this is what you'll run into as soon as you start shooting. When I was in school, that was the cost of 2 books. But it was more than I spent on food in a semester. For some people, it's nothing (its about the cost of a new video game console). For others, it's the difference between going to school and not going to school. When I was in college, I bought a super 8 camera, and was able to shoot 1 roll of film before I crunched the numbers and decided it wasn't practical to do it (it's gotten more expensive since then, Kodak jacked the rates WAY up). I've shot a bunch after I graduated. But you'll have to go over the numbers yourself and decide if it's something you can do. http://motion.kodak.com/motion/products/index.htm http://cinelab.com/ http://www.bhphotovideo.com/c/search?atclk=Format_Super+8&ci=341&N=4093113313+4294955497 Keep in mind that a roll of film+processing+telecine will set you back about $60. With lab minimums, it doesn't make sense to do telecine until you have 8 rolls of film or so. It's not a cheap way to do experimental film while you're in college. Super 8 has a lot of awesome things going for it. Cost ain't one. If you want my advice: skip film until you graduate. Get something you can shoot with on the cheap: so you can shoot with it a lot. If you want something that's different... look for old video cameras. Heck, there was a huge interest in the PXL-2000 for a while in the 90s because it looked "different". All the Panasonic DVX-100Bs that were so in demand just a few short years ago are practically being dumped for pennies on the dollar. If you prowl ebay for a while, and are patient, you occasionally get a bargain. I got an Canon 814 AutoZoom Electronic for $23 once (still use it). But the actual costs of shooting are harder to keep down on a budget. Oh, and the AZE doesn't have a problem with the auto aperture. It's the manual aperture that tends to go (it's made of rubber and the cameras are all pushing 40 years old now). No Subtitles Necessary: Laszlo & Vilmos Zac Fettig replied to Bill DiPietra's topic in On Screen I had to look it up. Wasn't sure if they meant Laszlo Kovacs or Andrew Laszlo. For the record, it's Laszlo Kovacs. It should have been obvious, since they were so close. Looks like an interesting documentary.	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line1019
__label__cc	0.67697	0.32303	Mirror mirror on the wall, who is the most useless one of all? On January 17, 2010 July 31, 2013 By SarahIn Celebrities It’s an award-show weekend, kicking off the biggest shows of the 2010 season. The Critics’ Choice Movie Awards were Friday night (winners), and the Golden Globes are tonight (winners). It’s time to start thinking about the best of the best, who, after months of critic groups and guilds handing out awards, will win the biggest prizes in Hollywood? We will celebrate 2009 in film, which was a pretty good year, and we will spend today and the next couple months debating who the best in Hollywood is. I wonder who is the worst? Well, not even “the worst”, actually, because the night before the Oscars, the Razzies will tell us what the worst in film was in 2009. So my question is really… Who is the most useless person in Hollywood? And by useless I don’t mean unlikeable or trashy or people who make bad movies. That’s a whole different list. These are the people who make no worthwhile contribution to the world of entertainment. When you hear their name you go, “Why is this person? Who are they and what do they do? And why are we still paying them to do it?” These people are useless. Literally–of no use. Who is Justin Bieber? Seriously, I don’t know. I hear this name and I go, “WHY do I keep hearing this name?” Wikipedia tells me that Bieber is a fifteen year old “singing sensation” from Canada. Apparently he came in second in some local singing competition in Canada and took this as license to begin inflicting his second-place vocal skillz on the rest of us via YouTube. It’s not like this kid was the runner-up on American Idol. He lost his junior high talent show, and now he’s a “singing sensation”. For the past ten minutes I have been trying to listen to Bieber’s songs on YouTube, but I’m pretty sure he’s singing at a decibel only discernible by dogs and tweens. I can’t make heads or tails of his “music”, except that it’s pretty shitty. Wikipedia also tells me that Bieber is promoting his first album and he has performed at the White House for President Obama. Check out the President’s and Michelle Obama’s faces at 1:40–it’s like they’ve just seen an adorable puppy pee on their carpet Rating: Pretty damn useless. I still don’t really know who this kid is, except he’s a second-rate talent show participant from Canada who butchers Stevie Wonder and has concocted an image somewhere between Zac Efron and Celine Dion. Jessica Biel wants your love. She wants it so, so bad. No one works harder to convince you she is worth your adoration than Biel. And few deserve it less. Let’s examine the career trajectory: breakout starlet on the WB’s wholesome family drama Seventh Heaven, then engages in poorly conceived attempt to exit said show by “dirtying” her image by posing half-nekkid in Gear magazine. She goes on to body-centric roles in Blade III, Stealth, and Powder Blue. Today Biel is most famous for being Justin Timberlake’s clingy piece, the entity permanently welded to his side. No matter how hard JT tries to pry her off, Biel remains, a barnacle on his fame ship. Bie l will tell you that she has a hard time getting good parts because of her immense beauty. No, seriously, ever since her spat with the WB about losing her good-girl image, Biel has been claiming she loses out on roles because of her amazing good looks. It has nothing to do with the fact that her movies go straight to DVD (Powder Blue–I guess, taking off her clothes isn’t working anymore), or tank at the box office (Easy Virtue), or that she has never carried a movie (her recent work includes small parts in Valentine’s Day and The A-Team). Anne Hathaway, Scarlett Johansson, Natalie Portman–these women are in the same age group as Biel and yet they find plenty of good work. It must be Biel’s stunning beauty. God forbid her stagnant career has anything to do with her utter lack of talent. Rating: Waste of space. There are a dozen people doing what Biel does, and they all do it better. Oh my ever loving lord. Where to start, where to start? First let’s go back to 2003, when Lohan starred with Jamie Lee Curtis in Freaky Friday. Back then, Roger Ebert said, “[Lohan] has that Jodie Foster sort of seriousness and intent focus beneath her teenage persona.” Roger Ebert, eminent film critic, compared Lindsay Lohan to JODIE FOSTER. Whiskey. Tango. Foxtrot. But that’s the thing about Lilo. It’s not that she lacks talent, it’s that she’s pissed it away. And she did it so fast and so young. Within one decade Lohan went from being The Next Big Thing, to a Tragic Tabloid Queen. In and out of rehab, court dates, screaming matches with exes at two AM, multiple DUIs and vehicular incidents with pedestrians–Lohan is like a one-woman compendium of ways to fuck it up in Hollywood. She has become the worst thing in Hollywood–uninsurable. And when you’re uninsurable, you’re unemployable. So how has Lilo been passing the time? She was hired in 2009 by the fashion house Ungaro to “creatively consult” but she was fired just as fast for her assy designs, which made Ungaro the laughingstock of Paris Fashion Week back in September 2009. She has a spray-tan company and a line of trashy leggings (lately accused of jacking designs from several different designers), and of course she is busy stealing from photoshoots modeling. And dragging her sixteen-year-old sister across the world as she blows people works to keep up her family’s expensive Hollywood life. Did you know you can buy items from the Lohan’s expensive Hollywood lives? You can. They have an online garage sale going on. Lindsay Lohan is a sad, cautionary tale of what happens when talent and youth is derailed by drugs, alcohol, and criminally poor parenting skillz. After all, what good can come when a child is abandoned to raise herself at the Chateau Marmont? Every time I see a Lindsay Lohan headline, I cringe and find myself thinking, “At what point do we stop feeding this madness?” It used to be about the talent and the potential. Now it’s all about the coke binges, the screaming matches, the family dramz, and the rehab stints. Rating: Completely fucking useless. There’s not even cheesy pop music and straight-to-DVD movies anymore. There’s just being forced through arranged photo ops and a clingy media to witness a downward spiral that ends nowhere good. Heidi Montag & Spencer Pratt I have not watched one second of The Hills, The City, or whatever shitastic reality show spawned these two. I have not listened to more than five seconds of any song sung by Heidi Montag–I’m pretty sure if you listen to more than five seconds of her demon-harpy screeching your eardrums will spontaneously burst in an attempt to save your brain from permanent damage. And I still don’t know why is Spencer Pratt. Below is the video of Montag performing her Succubus ritual singing at the Miss Universe pageant in 2009. About seven seconds in my computer froze in an attempt to preserve its dignity. I blame MTV for this. Rating: Totally pointless. What are these two trying to accomplish? We don’t need any more blonde singing skanks, and seriously–why is Spencer Pratt? Have you ever heard the term “sugar raping”? The first time I ever heard it, courtesy LaineyGossip, it was in reference to Emmy Rossum’s music. Urban Dictionary defines “sugar rape” as “a sugar rush that sneaks up from behind”. I define it as “the act of being forcibly violated by something so sickeningly sweet you vomit rainbows and glitter”. That’s Emmy Rossum’s music. It will forcibly violate you until you vomit rainbows and glitter. I’m not sure what Emmy does now. She broke out in 2004 with Phantom of the Opera, and then didn’t work again until 2006 in Poseidon, then again with the not working until 2009 in something called Dare and also Dragonball Evolution–an anime live-action adaptation. Stellar projects all, I’m sure. Emmy would probably tell you she takes these long breaks because of her music, but I’ve heard her music and it’s terrible, so I will blame her long periods of not-working on her equally bad acting. Here is Emmy’s “Slow Me Down” music video. Every time Emmy Rossum has a wardrobe change, a kitten dies. Rating: Indifferent and uninteresting. Does anyone really care what Emmy Rossum does? As long as we’re not forced to listen to her music or watch her acting? So, Mirror Mirror, who is the most useless one of all? Lindsay Lohan, for her complete lack of any contribution to entertainment beyond her life’s utter destruction. CrackfaceEmmy RossumI'm pretty sure that's a probation violationJessica BielLindsay LohanPlease make her stop singingpointless peopleSpeidiWTF is Justin Bieber Award shows 2010: Golden Globes Golden Globes 2010: The Best, the Worst, and the Lame 8 thoughts on “Mirror mirror on the wall, who is the most useless one of all?” I totes agree with Lohan and Speidi. CANNOT STAND THEM. Also topping my list are Jon and Kate (nuff said), Megan Fox and Paris Hilton. Willis Degravelle Great site! I can’t remember too evidently but I think I found your blog through a link someone shared on Twitter. I Love the content I’ve seen so far and will definitely revisit read more soon. By the way, are you on Facebook? I fancy the way you write and I’m going to subscribe to read more whenever I can. Oh yeah, are you on Facebook yet? Sabine Steffens Lindsay is actually beautiful. I still think that she is kinda hot even though there are many haters who do not think the same way. . But it makes me depressed to know that she is a junkie. . Someone ought to give her several like so she will get her life under control! Pingback: The Super Bowl’s super blog « CineSnark bellafiga My Lohan thoughts! It’s NOT that hollywood doesn’t undertand the fuck up. I mean RDJ, CHARLIE SHEEN, Anne Heche, et al have been forgiven their trangressions. My opinion or La Lohan is because even though(to my credit or fault i completely disagree outside of parent trap and freaky friday) she has garnerned much praise for her acting chops, which, to the untrained actor eye seems like it was built on her acting like a teenager when she was one(the courtney love debate. people vs larry flint, remember it!). Unlike RDJ(ley us all lower our heads and be thankful), and hell, even Charlie Sheen. They ARE actors who want to ACT! They aren’t seeking fame. They don’t want to be notorious. They wish to improve their craft. Which (to me probably only) the industry has let them slide. Their combined stories are like a fucking Beatrix Potter story compared to Lohan. But their lack of wanting to be James Dean, and wanting to be ACTORS, saves(saved) them… This bint WANTS to be Marilyn Monroe(who was a fantastic actor) or jane mansfeild( way less so). It’s not about the work. It’s about the mentions in the papers! She wants to be a SUPAHSTAH not an actress. And THIS is why she isn’t and won’t ever be redeemable! Just saying it like hows i see it! Lindsay Lohan is the Vince Carter of acting, only with obvious drug and parenting problems to boot. Pingback: Ane mansfeild \| TesticleRadio Yote Nuetral You have some real bitter hate in you. this whole article was nothing more than a pretentious thrashing of people who are trying to do something with their lives. It’s easy to find fault in anything that anybody is doing but to do it the way you’re doing it for the reasons you’re doing it as much as you’re doing it shows obvious envy. You don’t have to like everything everybody does but hating it is a stupid extreme as well.( by the way I do know how old this article is and I hope you’ve grown since then . . In case you haven’t though I wanted to let you know) Leave a Reply to bellafiga Cancel reply	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line1020
__label__cc	0.572766	0.427234	Results 1 - 10 of 1,653,061 Language Support for Lightweight Transactions by Tim Harris, Keir Fraser , 2003 "... Concurrent programming is notoriously di#cult. Current abstractions are intricate and make it hard to design computer systems that are reliable and scalable. We argue that these problems can be addressed by moving to a declarative style of concurrency control in which programmers directly indicate t ..." Concurrent programming is notoriously di#cult. Current abstractions are intricate and make it hard to design computer systems that are reliable and scalable. We argue that these problems can be addressed by moving to a declarative style of concurrency control in which programmers directly indicate the safety properties that they require. Planning Algorithms by Steven M LaValle , 2004 "... This book presents a unified treatment of many different kinds of planning algorithms. The subject lies at the crossroads between robotics, control theory, artificial intelligence, algorithms, and computer graphics. The particular subjects covered include motion planning, discrete planning, planning ..." , planning under uncertainty, sensor-based planning, visibility, decision-theoretic planning, game theory, information spaces, reinforcement learning, nonlinear systems, trajectory planning, nonholonomic planning, and kinodynamic planning. Automatic verification of finite-state concurrent systems using temporal logic specifications by E. M. Clarke, E. A. Emerson, A. P. Sistla - ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems , 1986 "... We give an efficient procedure for verifying that a finite-state concurrent system meets a specification expressed in a (propositional, branching-time) temporal logic. Our algorithm has complexity linear in both the size of the specification and the size of the global state graph for the concurrent ..." We give an efficient procedure for verifying that a finite-state concurrent system meets a specification expressed in a (propositional, branching-time) temporal logic. Our algorithm has complexity linear in both the size of the specification and the size of the global state graph for the concurrent Nested Transactions: An Approach to Reliable Distributed Computing by J. Eliot B. Moss , 1981 "... Distributed computing systems are being built and used more and more frequently. This distributod computing revolution makes the reliability of distributed systems an important concern. It is fairly well-understood how to connect hardware so that most components can continue to work when others are ..." Distributed computing systems are being built and used more and more frequently. This distributod computing revolution makes the reliability of distributed systems an important concern. It is fairly well-understood how to connect hardware so that most components can continue to work when others Constraint Logic Programming: A Survey by Joxan Jaffar, Michael J. Maher "... Constraint Logic Programming (CLP) is a merger of two declarative paradigms: constraint solving and logic programming. Although a relatively new field, CLP has progressed in several quite different directions. In particular, the early fundamental concepts have been adapted to better serve in differe ..." Constraint Logic Programming (CLP) is a merger of two declarative paradigms: constraint solving and logic programming. Although a relatively new field, CLP has progressed in several quite different directions. In particular, the early fundamental concepts have been adapted to better serve Inductive Logic Programming: Theory and Methods by Stephen Muggleton, Luc De Raedt - JOURNAL OF LOGIC PROGRAMMING , 1994 Software Transactional Memory by Nir Shavit, Dan Touitou , 1995 "... As we learn from the literature, flexibility in choosing synchronization operations greatly simplifies the task of designing highly concurrent programs. Unfortunately, existing hardware is inflexible and is at best on the level of a Load Linked/Store Conditional operation on a single word. Building ..." on the hardware based transactional synchronization methodology of Herlihy and Moss, we offer software transactional memory (STM), a novel software method for supporting flexible transactional programming of synchronization operations. STM is non-blocking, and can be implemented on existing machines using only a Temporal and modal logic by E. Allen Emerson - HANDBOOK OF THEORETICAL COMPUTER SCIENCE , 1995 "... We give a comprehensive and unifying survey of the theoretical aspects of Temporal and modal logic. ..." We give a comprehensive and unifying survey of the theoretical aspects of Temporal and modal logic. Abduction in Logic Programming by Marc Denecker, Antonis Kakas "... Abduction in Logic Programming started in the late 80s, early 90s, in an attempt to extend logic programming into a framework suitable for a variety of problems in Artificial Intelligence and other areas of Computer Science. This paper aims to chart out the main developments of the field over th ..." Abduction in Logic Programming started in the late 80s, early 90s, in an attempt to extend logic programming into a framework suitable for a variety of problems in Artificial Intelligence and other areas of Computer Science. This paper aims to chart out the main developments of the field over Composable memory transactions by Tim Harris, Mark Plesko, Avraham Shinnar, David Tarditi - In Symposium on Principles and Practice of Parallel Programming (PPoPP , 2005 "... Atomic blocks allow programmers to delimit sections of code as ‘atomic’, leaving the language’s implementation to enforce atomicity. Existing work has shown how to implement atomic blocks over word-based transactional memory that provides scalable multiprocessor performance without requiring changes ..." Atomic blocks allow programmers to delimit sections of code as ‘atomic’, leaving the language’s implementation to enforce atomicity. Existing work has shown how to implement atomic blocks over word-based transactional memory that provides scalable multiprocessor performance without requiring	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line1021
__label__wiki	0.583894	0.583894	The CLICdp partners are listed in Annex 1 of the MoC. As of 20 December 2018, the partners are: Representative in the IB MoC signature Australian Collaboration for Accelerator Science (ACAS) Institute for Nuclear Problems of the Belarusian State University (INP BSU), Belarusian State University, Minsk K. Afanaciev Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago M.A. Diaz Gutierrez Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague T. Lastovicka Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University U. Uggerhoj Laboratoire d’Annecy-le-Vieux de Physiques des Particules (LAPP), Annecy M. Chefdeville Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), Institut für Prozessdatenverarbeitung und Elektronik (IPE) I. Peric pdf Members Max-PIanck-Institut für Physik, Munich F. Simon Universität Siegen, Siegen W. Kilian pdf Members Department of Physics, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv Department of Physics and Technology, University of Bergen, Bergen Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow M. Idzik The Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Cracow M. Kurcharczyk Poland University of Warsaw A.F.Zarnecki pdf Members Institute of Space Science T. Preda Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR), Dubna A. Zhemchugov Vinca Institute of Nuclear Sciences, Belgrade I. Bozovic-Jelisavcic Spanish Network for Future Linear Colliders A. Ruiz K. Elsener Département de Physique Nucléaire et Corpusculaire (DPNC), Geneva M. Benoit Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University (BAIBU), Bolu H. Denizli School of Physics and Astronomy of the University of Birmingham, Birmingham N. Watson J. Goldstein pdf Members University of Cambridge, Cambridge S. Green School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh V. Martin A. Robson Department of Physics of the University of Liverpool, Liverpool J. Vossebeld University of Oxford, Oxford Ph. Burrows Argonne National Laboratory, High Energy Physics Division, Argonne M. Demarteau Physics Department of the University of Michigan J. Wells	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line1027
__label__wiki	0.782811	0.782811	Critical Exploration Press an educational collaborative Critical Exploration in the Classroom Classroom Practice Curricular Narratives Teacher Education Program Critical Exploration Press began as a collaboration of four scholars—Elizabeth Cavicchi, Sabine Hoidn, Chris Lowry, and Bill Shorr—who had all studied with Eleanor Duckworth, the creator of a pedagogical approach called Critical Exploration in the Classroom (CEC). The organization grew out of their effort to assemble a festschrift for Eleanor's retirement celebration in 2013; this text was published and is available for purchase on this site. In 2016, CEPress reorganized: Sabine had returned home to Europe and Susan Jean Mayer joined the team. The new group of four eventually incorporated as an educational cooperative in 2018. As developed further in the organization's mission statement, the organization's governing aim is to "advance the community of practice for those whose work aligns with the ideas, dispositions, and practices of the pedagogical approaches Critical Exploration and Critical Exploration in the Classroom." We are looking forward to connecting with others committed to this work and to envisioning and realizing new forms of collaboration that can support our work together. As recounted in the introduction to the 3rd edition of The Having of Wonderful Ideas (Duckworth, 2006), the method has also been known as Extended Clinical Interviewing and Teaching/Learning Research. You are invited to join us. CRITICAL EXPLORATION PRESS \| 11 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138 <# print( 'Critical Exploration Press' ) #> We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. If you continue to use this site, you are consenting to our use of cookies.OkayPrivacy policy	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line1028
__label__cc	0.568859	0.431141	Tag: Time magazine On endeavoring through Top 100 film lists 2 Comments on On endeavoring through Top 100 film lists The primary function of my logbook is to document in a Google spreadsheet what I read and watch. But that’s not all it tracks. Among sheets dedicated to typewriters I own and words I like is one that charts my progress through several Top 100 film lists (see above). I’ve been slowly endeavoring through the AFI 100 since high school. I then added Image’s Arts & Faith Top 100, the Time 100, and recently the BFI Critics 100 just cuz. There’s a fair amount of overlap between them, but enough differences for all of them to be useful sources of viewing suggestions. Here’s where I’m at now on each list: AFI: 92 Image: 50 Time: 59 BFI: 52 There’s a completist satisfaction in checking off titles and inching closer to 100. Though as close as I am to finishing the AFI list, there are a few remaining titles I’m in no rush to subject myself to, like Intolerance, A Clockwork Orange, and Sophie’s Choice. As with any movie I watch, mood has to align with opportunity and availability. Having lists like these ready to go ensures I always have good options for when the moment is right. These lists are also great fodder for exploring cinema beyond whatever Netflix or other streaming services decide to make available at any given moment. Besides Kanopy, these services tend to have a recency bias. Everyone, but especially Kids These Days, should be exposed to older and lesser known movies. See Ty Burr’s book The Best Old Movies for Families: A Guide to Watching Together for more ideas, or peruse your local library. Tags AFI, best of, BFI, film, Image Journal, lists, Time magazine, top 100 To Binge Or Not To Binge? No Comments on To Binge Or Not To Binge? There’s been some debate recently about whether binge-watching a TV show on DVD or online is good or bad. While I must confess I have gone on a few TV benders, usually with the intention of catching up on a series before its most recent season premiered, there’s something about watching a show live on TV, weekly wait and all, that is simultaneously frustrating and exciting. For instance, watching the fifth season of Mad Men as it unfolded during this summer allowed me to engage in the speculative water cooler talk with my fellow Mad Hatters after each episode and during the following week that makes watching live television communal and fun. This approach fit conveniently with the series slow-burning style itself, so I didn’t feel like I needed to rush through it (even though that’s exactly what I did with seasons one through three on DVD two years ago). Conversely, I plowed through all five seasons of The Wire in about three weeks on DVD – a common occurrence, I’d bet, given the series’ relative unpopularity during its run (and HBO’s prices). I couldn’t just watch one episode at a time, which is why watching TV on DVD can be so hazardous: find a gripping, well-written show like The Wire on DVD and then say goodbye to sleep, exercise, and any semblance of productivity. In high school the first two seasons of Lost consumed my nights so thoroughly it’s a wonder I passed classes that semester (good thing I was a second-semester senior). So, I’ve learned that it doesn’t matter how I consume television as long as the show itself is good. James Poniewozik of Time magazine says as much in his pro-binge post: [A good story is] resilient. It will take whatever viewing (or reading, or listening) conditions you throw at it. And if its effect depends on ‘maintaining a timeline,’ or waiting a year to find out how Jack and Kate go back, or even reading morning-after reviews by idiots like me—it was probably never worth bingeing on to begin with. So if you’ll excuse me, I’ve got to go rent Deadwood on DVD and then watch the season premiere of Breaking Bad on TV. Tags binge watching, Breaking Bad, Deadwood, Lost, Mad Men, Television, The Wire, Time magazine	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line1030
__label__cc	0.661145	0.338855	FAN WORLD CHAMPIONSHIP Tutorials & FAQ Season Prizes & Tracks WePlay Media Privacy Policy This Privacy Policy will be effective from March 1, 2016. Please read WePlay Media’s Privacy Policy before using WePlay Media’s services because it will tell you how we collect, store, use and disclose your personal information when providing these services to you. If you have questions or complaints regarding our Privacy Policy or practices, please contact us at fans@championshipquest.com. 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Information You Generate Using Our Communications Features You may be able to take part in certain activities on our Service that let you communicate or share information not just with WePlay Media, but also with other WePlay Media players. These include: participating in player forums and message boards; posting public comments to other players’ profiles or gameboards; sending private messages or invitations to other players, either directly on our websites or to their e-mail accounts; chatting with other players; and/or posting photos or drawings. You acknowledge and expressly agree that we may access in real-time, record and/or store archives of these communications, comments, photos and drawings on WePlay Media’s servers to make use of them to protect the safety and well-being of our players and WePlay Media’s rights and property in connection with our Services; to conduct research; to operate, improve, personalize and optimize our Services and our players’ experiences, including through the use of analytics; and to manage and deliver contextual advertising. If you purchase a license to use in-game virtual currency or virtual items in a game you play, our third party payment processor will collect the billing and financial information it needs to process your charges. This may include your postal address, e-mail address and financial information. WePlay Media does not collect or store your financial information, like credit card numbers. However, WePlay Media’s payment processors may share non-financial information with us related to your purchases, like your name, billing address and the items purchased in order to fulfill your order. WePlay Media may also obtain the billing and payment information that you provide when your purchase is processed by someone else (like Facebook, Apple or Google) such as when you purchase something in a game you play on a social network or that you downloaded on your mobile device. Our Terms of Service explain our policies and terms relevant to our charges, billing practices, third party credits and virtual currencies. Please note that purchases of third party credits or currencies may also be subject to those parties’ policies. Customer Support Correspondence When you ask for help from our Customer Support team, we will collect and store the contact information you give them (generally, your name and e-mail address), information about your game play or activity on our Services, and your WePlay Media player and/or social network ID number. We will also store the communications you have with the Customer Service team and any information in those communications in order to provide support. Information You Give Us For Text Messaging Services We receive and store the information you provide, including your mobile telephone number, when you choose to sign up to receive SMS messages. The main use of the information we collect and store is to provide a better gaming experience, but there are other uses as well. The uses for which we collect and store your information include: To operate, improve and optimize our Services and our players’ experiences; To create your game accounts and allow you to play our games; To identify and suggest connections with other WePlay Media players and personalize our Services to you; To enable players to communicate with each other; To provide technical support and respond to player inquiries; To protect the safety and well-being of our players; To protect WePlay Media’s rights and property in connection with our Services; To prevent fraud or potentially illegal activities, and to enforce our Terms of Service; To manage and deliver contextual and behavioral advertising; To notify players of in-game updates, new products or promotional offers; To administer rewards, surveys, sweepstakes, contests, or other promotional activities or events sponsored or managed by us or our business partners; To comply with our legal obligations, resolve any disputes we may have with you or other players, and to enforce our agreements with third parties; and To conduct research. One important use of your information is communication. If you have provided your e-mail address to WePlay Media, we will use it to respond to customer support inquiries, and keep you informed of your in-game activity, including comments from friends, let you know about in-game status such as “crops ready” as well as tell you about gift and neighbor requests. Some messages, like invites for friends to join you in a game, may include your name and profile photo. We may also send promotional e-mail messages and promotional SMS messages (e.g. text messages) (“Promotional Communications”) directly or in partnership with other parties, in accordance with your marketing preferences. Each Promotional Communication will offer you choices about receiving additional messages. We may disclose or publish aggregated information (information about you and other players collectively that is not intended to specifically identify you, for example, players between the ages of 21 and 25 who live San Francisco) and other non-personal information about our players for industry analysis, demographic profiling, marketing, analytics, and advertising, and other business purposes. In addition, we will share your information (which may include personal information) with third parties (in other words, parties other than WePlay Media) or allow third parties to collect this information from our Services in the following circumstances: With your consent, we may share your information with third parties or allow them to collect your information from our Services in some ways not specifically described in this Privacy Policy. The Service supports and often encourages you to interact with other players. In most WePlay Media games, if you play through a social network or register through a social network (for example, Facebook Connect), your social network friends will see your name, profile photo and descriptions of your game activity. Similarly, in many WePlay Media games, other players, regardless of whether they are your social network friends or not, will be able to see descriptions of your game activity, communicate with you within our Services, and view your game profile, which may include your name or a “game name” and your profile photo. In certain cases, your profile photo, can reveal your social network ID and access to a social network ID or WePlay Media player ID may allow others to view the public information associated with your related social network profile or WePlay Media account. Other players may also be able to send you game requests or even friend requests through the related social network’s or WePlay Media’s communication channels. Third Party Advertising Including Tailored Advertising and Analytics We have advertising on our Services so we can continue to offer many of our Services for free. We do not actively share personal information with third party advertisers for their direct marketing purposes unless you give us your consent. When advertisers or ad networks place ads in our Services, they may collect or we may share the following types of information from within our Services: performance data (like the number of clicks on an advertisement); aggregated and/or de-identified information about you and other players collectively that is not intended to specifically identify you (like players between the ages of 21 and 25 who live San Francisco); certain technical information (for example, IP addresses, non-persistent device identifiers such as IDFAs, and de-identified persistent device identifiers such as a hashed Android ID); your social network ID; and other contextual data about your game play (for example, your level and session length). The information collected may be used to: measure how effective ads are, to offer you targeted advertising in order to personalize your experience by showing you advertisements for products and services that are more likely to appeal to you (a practice known as behavioral advertising), and/or undertake web analytics (like Google Analytics which is used to analyze traffic and other player activity to improve your experience). Advertisers or ad networks may collect this information through the use of tracking technologies like browser cookies and web beacons, and they may use a single tracking technology or multiple tracking technologies at the same time. Please note, after clicking on a third party advertisement, you may no longer be on a site hosted by WePlay Media or the social network through which you are playing WePlay Media’s games. Safety, Security and Compliance with Law Your information, and the contents of all of your online communications in our Services and between You and WePlay Media may be accessed and monitored as needed to provide our Service and may be disclosed: when we have a good faith belief that we have to disclose the information in response to legal process (for example, a court order, search warrant or subpoena); to satisfy any laws or regulations that apply; where we believe in our sole discretion that the Service is being used in committing a crime, including to report such criminal activity or to share information with other companies and organizations for the purposes of fraud protection, credit risk reduction, and other security precautions; when we have a good faith belief that there is an emergency that poses a threat to the health and/or safety of you, another person or the public generally; and to protect the rights or property of WePlay Media and other applicable third parties, including to enforce our Terms of Service. Offer Walls WePlay Media games or their purchase pages may display an “offer wall” that is hosted by an offer wall provider. The offer wall allows third party advertisers to provide virtual currency to players in exchange for interacting with an advertisement or for completing a marketing offer that may include signing up for an account with one of those advertisers. These offers are not made by WePlay Media. These offers may be shown to you based on certain technical information, like your geographic area or de-identified demographic information. After clicking on one of these offers, you will no longer be on a site hosted by WePlay Media or the social network through which you are playing WePlay Media’s games. To properly credit player accounts and to prevent fraud, a unique identifier, in some cases your social network ID or WePlay Media player ID, will be shared with the offer wall provider. We will share your information with third party companies to perform services on our behalf, like processing payments, analyzing data, optimizing game play, e-mail delivery, hosting services, customer service and to help us in our marketing efforts, including managing and delivering contextual and tailored advertisements. We contractually require these third party service providers to maintain the confidentiality of the information we share with them, and we contractually require them not use your information for anything other than to provide services on our behalf. Sale or Merger In the event that WePlay Media undergoes a business transition, like a merger, acquisition by another company, or sale of all or part its assets (like selling a game), we may transfer all of your information, including personal information, to the successor organization in the transition. We will make reasonable efforts to let you and other players know (in the way described in Changes to Our Privacy Policy) of the business transition before transferring your personal information. Information We Receive From a Third-Party Application Where You Play Our Games or From Your Mobile Device. To manage the information WePlay Media receives about you from a third-party application where you play our games, like Facebook, you will need to follow the instructions for the third-party application for updating your information and changing your privacy settings. The privacy management tools for applications on Facebook can be found on your Facebook page. To review and update information associated with your WePlay Media game profile in certain games, visit the “settings” page in that game. You also can manage some aspects of information collection and use by visiting the “settings” page of your mobile device and reviewing the permissions of each application or “app.” Once WePlay Media receives your information from a third-party application or your mobile device, that information is stored and used by WePlay Media in accordance with this Privacy Policy. You may access and update that information as described below. Accessing and Updating Your Information Held by WePlay Media If you want to review, delete, or change the information WePlay Media has about you or have additional questions, e-mail us at fans@championshipquest.com Stopping Use of Your Information If you no longer want WePlay Media to make active use of your information, you may send an e- mail to fans@championshipquest.com Place “Delete My Account” in the subject line and include your first name, last name, e-mail address and your social network ID for the social network from which you access our Services (if applicable) in the body of the e-mail (for example, your Facebook user ID). We will respond to your request within thirty days. Please note that certain records, for example those relating to payments or customer service matters, will be held for legal and accounting purposes. If you have sent content through or posted content on the Service, we may not be able to delete it. Opting Out of Geolocation If you have previously allowed us to access your geolocation data, you can stop making geolocation available to us by visiting your mobile device’s settings for the relevant application or the “settings” page for the relevant game. Opting Out of Ongoing Collection of Information About Non-WePlay Media Apps You Have On Your Device To the extent that one of our games is collecting information about non-WePlay Media apps you have on your device, the game will provide you with an option to stop making that information available to us in the “settings” page for the relevant game. Opting Out of Promotional Emails from WePlay Media If you want to stop receiving promotional e-mails from WePlay Media, click on the “unsubscribe” link in any promotional email from WePlay Media. Please note that once we receive your request, it may take an additional period of time for your opt-out to become effective. Your unsubscribe or e-mail preference change will be processed promptly, and in no event longer than ten business days. Opting Out of Other Communications You can opt out of receiving SMS messages (for example, text messages) by texting back STOP to the number we send the text from for that particular SMS message program. In some cases a preferences management page will also be available. When we receive an opt-out message from you for SMS messages, we may send a message confirming our receipt of your opt-out. When you install our apps on your mobile device you can choose to receive push notifications, which are messages an app sends you on your mobile device even when the app is not on. You can turn off notifications by visiting your mobile device’s “settings” page. Opting Out of Third Party Tailored Advertising If you do not want to receive tailored in-application advertisements from third parties that relate to your interests in apps on your mobile device, you may opt-out by adjusting the ad tracking settings on your device. You can also reset the “Advertising Identifier” (like an IDFA) from your mobile device’s settings page, which will prevent continued use of existing behavioral data tied to the previous “Advertising Identifier.” Further, depending on the platform provider (such as Apple or Google), you may be able to download apps, such as the Digital Advertising Alliance’s “AppChoices” app, that offer to provide you with control regarding the collection and use of cross-app data for tailored advertising. Like the opt-out tools mentioned above for web, these mobile opt-out tools are provided by third parties, not WePlay Media. WePlay Media does not control or operate these tools or the choices that advertisers and others provide through these tools. Please note that you may still receive advertisements from third parties within WePlay Media’s games even if you opt-out of tailored advertising but they will not be based on your activity across unrelated web sites or apps. Opting Out of Cookie Tracking You can set your web browser to warn you about attempts to place cookies on your computer or limit the type of cookies you allow. Flash cookies operate differently than browser cookies and cookie management tools available in a web browser may not remove flash cookies. To learn more about and manage flash cookies you can visit the Adobe website and make changes at the Global Privacy Settings Panel. If you disable cookies, you may lose some of the features and functionality of our Services because WePlay Media cookies are necessary to track and enhance your game activities. At this time, there is no general agreement on how companies like WePlay Media should interpret Do Not Track signals. WePlay Media does not currently respond to Do Not Track signals, whether that signal is received on a computer or on a mobile device. You can learn more about Do Not Track here. back to top. Privacy Policies of Linked Third Party Services and Advertisers Our websites and games may contain advertisements from Third Party Services, which are companies other than WePlay Media that may link to their own websites, online services or mobile applications. We are not responsible for the privacy practices or the content of these Third Party Services. If you have any questions about how these Third Party Services use your information, you should review their policies and contact them directly. back to top. Our websites and games are not for children under the age of 13 and we do not knowingly collect any personal information from children under 13. Children under 13 should not use our websites or games at any time. If we learn that we have inadvertently gathered personal information from a child under 13, we will take reasonable measures to promptly remove that information from our records. IMPORTANT: When you use Our Services, your data may be sent to the United States and possibly other countries. As part of our international operations, we may transfer data to our Affiliates (which means subsidiaries, parent companies, joint ventures and other corporate entities under common ownership with WePlay Media from time to time for our legitimate business purposes. For example, WePlay Media provides certain services to its Affiliates. We store information about players and visitors to its sites on servers located in the United States, and we may also store this information on servers and equipment in other countries. Personal data collected within Switzerland and the European Economic Area (“EEA”) may be transferred to, and stored at, a destination outside of Switzerland and the EEA. The data we hold may also be processed by employees operating outside of Switzerland and the EEA who work for us or one of our Affiliates or for one of our vendors. This staff may be engaged in, among other things, (i) the processing of transactions and your payment details and (ii) the provision of support services. When we transfer your personal information internationally we will take reasonable steps to ensure that your personal information is treated securely, lawfully and in the manner we describe here. Please note that laws vary from jurisdiction to jurisdiction, and so the privacy laws applicable to the places where your information is transferred to or stored, used or processed in, may be different from the privacy laws applicable to the place where you are resident. We comply with the U.S.-EU Safe Harbor Framework and the U.S.-Swiss Safe Harbor Framework as set forth by the U.S. Department of Commerce regarding the collection, use, and retention of personal information from European Union member countries and Switzerland. We have certified that we adheres to the Safe Harbor Privacy Principles of notice, choice, onward transfer, security, data integrity, access, and enforcement. To learn more about the Safe Harbor program, and to view our certification, please visit http://www.export.gov/safeharbor/. How long we retain your information depends on why we collected it and how we use it. We will not retain your personal information for longer than is necessary for our business purposes or for legal requirements. For instance, we may retain some information for a few years after you have closed your account with us if this is necessary to meet our legal obligations or to exercise, defend or establish legal rights. We implement appropriate security measures to protect the security of your information both online and offline, and we are committed to the protection of customer information. We will take reasonable steps to ensure that your data is treated securely and in accordance with this Privacy Policy. If you have an account registered directly with WePlay Media, your profile information is protected by the password you use to access your WePlay Media account. It is important that you protect and maintain your WePlay Media account’s security and that you immediately tell us of any unauthorized use of your account. If you forget the password to your WePlay Media account, the Service allows you to request that instructions be sent to you that explain how to reset your password. If you access our Services through a social network and your social network account is hacked, this may lead to someone playing your WePlay Media games without your permission. So, be careful to keep your social network account information, including your social network account password, secure as well. We urge you to log out of your WePlay Media account and any social network account you have used to access our Services after you use it. When you sign into your WePlay Media account or enter payment information, we or our third party payment processor use secure socket layer technology (“SSL”) to encrypt the transmission of that information While we take reasonable precautions against possible security breaches of our Services and our customer databases and records, no website or Internet transmission is completely secure. Although we strive to protect your personal information, we cannot guarantee that unauthorized access, hacking, data loss, or other breaches will never occur, we cannot guarantee the security of your information while it is being transmitted to our Service. Any transmission is at your own risk. If you have questions about the security of our websites, please contact us at fans@championshipquest.com If we decide to make material changes to our Privacy Policy, we will tell you and other players by placing a notice on WePlay Media.com or its equivalent in-game, or by sending you a notice to the e-mail address we have on file for you prior to the change becoming effective. We may supplement this process by placing notices on game blogs, social network pages, and/or forums and on other WePlay Media websites. You should periodically www.weplay.media and this privacy page for updates. If you have any questions, comments or concerns regarding our Privacy Policy and/or practices, please send an e-mail to fans@championshipquest.com . All other inquiries should be directed our support team which you can locate in any of our apps. When submitting a watchdog complaint, please put www.WePlayMedia.com as the website and note the game WePlay Media LLC 802 East Dunlap Avenue Phoenix, Arizona 85020 USA Season Tracks graeme@weplay.media	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line1031
__label__wiki	0.536774	0.536774	April 19, 2010 April 20, 2010 C. Hannibal cinema culture, concerts, mexican culture, Racially Speaking Google Video pick of the week #008 This week´s clip comes via one of the greatest comedic writers of his generation, Paul Mooney. ¨Jesus Is Black¨ (2007), kicks off its first 10 minutes with ruminations on Mexicans and illegal immigration in California. Funny stuff. Mooney might lean heavy on his use of the ¨N¨ word, and makes harsh assessments of race in America his calling card. Still, you have to respect him, because he´s an uncompromised comedic force, who hasn´t been made soft by Disney movies and Hollywood contracts. For the uninitiated, he may be hard to stomach. Sure, he´s racist, but there´s no denying some of the stinging truths in his work. You can find tons of video of Mooney´s work online. From his earlier days writing jokes for Richard Pryor, to clips of his hilarious creations on Dave Chappelle´s show. Pryor goes in on Paul around the 5:34 mark of this clip from a comedy roast. Ending his session by calling Mooney a ¨brilliant writer¨. ¨Brilliant¨ doesn´t seem like an overstatement either, when you consider that Mooney is the man who created Homey D. Clown. Tagged comedians, comedy, comedy legends, google video, google video picks, paul mooney, racism, stand up comics Essence of hip-hop en Estadio Azteca Post-race in the Americas II Hay Guey	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line1032
__label__wiki	0.95659	0.95659	Ernie Chapman Stadium Football plays final road game at Claremont Chapman (4-4) 0 3 3 0 6 Claremont-M-S (6-2) 0 10 7 0 17 Photo by Larry Newman Pa: Trey Reynolds - 260 Ru: Christian Curcio - 67 Rec: Patrick Dixon - 73 Pa: Ricky Bautista - 86 Ru: Joe Mudie - 27 Rec: Ian Craddock - 30 Chapman (4-3, 3-2 SCIAC) at Claremont-M-S (5-2, 3-2 SCIAC) Zinda Field Complete Game Notes The Chapman University football team is coming off its third SCIAC win of the season against Cal Lutheran and second consecutive victory. After last week's efficient performance against Cal Lutheran, junior Ricky Bautista leads the SCIAC in completion percentage. He has completed 71.7 percent of his passes in seven games this season and has been even better in SCIAC games, completing 72.9 percent of his passes. Bautista completed his first five passes last week. After his sixth pass fell incomplete, he completed 13 in a row from the second to the fourth quarter. He has not thrown an interception in the last three games, completing nearly 70 percent of his passes with five touchdowns. He has also rushed for a pair of TDs in the last three games in which the Panthers are 2-1. Last week, Joe Mudie had his third triple digit rushing game – carrying the ball 30 times for 141 yards – both career-highs. He also ran for over 100 yards against Pomona-Pitzer and at Redlands. Chapman has been producing more on the road this season, averaging 22 points per game away and scoring 12 TDs while scoring 18.7 ppg and seven TDs in three home games. The Stags defense has had much more success getting to the quarterback at home rather than on the road. Ten of their 13 sacks came on their home field this year. Their success in getting to the QB has also paralleled their success on the scoreboard with 12 of their 13 sacks coming in their five wins this year. Senior Trey Reynolds threw for four touchdowns, a season-high, and 255 passing yards last week against University of La Verne in a 34-23 victory for the Stags at home. Last season Claremont-M-S out-passed Chapman at Wilson Field 296 yards to 252 yards in an overtime thriller in which the Stags took home 33-30 victory. Senior Devin Ray led the team with seven tackles against CMS, including one of Chapman's two sacks in the game. It's been 'fourth-and-no problem' for the Panther offense so far this year, converting on over half of its fourth downs. Chapman ranks 14th in Division III in that category.	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line1033
__label__cc	0.512298	0.487702	Divest Ed is able to multiply our reach and resources through the support of our partners! Better Future Project Better Future Project is a nonprofit grassroots climate action organization based in Cambridge, MA and the proud parent organization of Divest ED. BFP's mission is to advance a powerful grassroots movement to stop the climate crisis and advocate for a rapid and responsible transition from fossil fuels to renewable energy for all. BFP has been supporting campus leaders in and beyond Massachusetts on their fossil fuel divestment campaigns since the movement kicked off in fall 2012. In close partnership with 350.org and the Divestment Student Network, BFP has supported hundreds of student divestment organizers through campaign coaching, trainings, and network events, as well as creating opportunities for students to act together for statewide climate issues. In addition to Divest ED, BFP has two other programs: 350 Mass for a Better Future and Communities Responding to Extreme Weather (CREW). Power Shift Network The Power Shift Network is a national network of climate, clean energy, and social justice organizations, including student-led groups, who mobilize the collective power of young people to mitigate climate change and create a just, clean energy future and resilient, thriving communities for all. PSN supports campus divestment work by helping Divest Ed connect with dozens of other youth and climate organizations, supporting our staff on national coordination, and housing our Slack channel. Being a member of PSN is free and has several benefits. If you're interested in having your campaign group be a PSN member, apply here. 350.org is a leading global climate action organization working to oppose new coal, oil and gas projects, take money out of the companies that are heating up the planet, and build 100% clean energy solutions that work for all. 350.org launched the national Go Fossil Free divestment campaign in 2012 with Bill McKibben's "Do The Math" speaking tour around the country. With the tagline "If it is wrong to wreck the climate, then it is wrong to profit from that wreckage," 350.org was instrumental in expanding the divestment movement to its current success. While their Go Fossil Free campaign no longer focuses on campus divestment, 350.org continues to support campus divestment work by partnering with Divest Ed, compiling critical divestment resources, and amplifying divestment victories of all kinds. DivestInvest Network DivestInvest is a diverse, global network of individuals and organizations who use their collective influence as investors to divest from fossil fuels, and invest in climate solutions, thus accelerating the transition to a zero-carbon economy. Divest Invest has supported the global divestment movement by hosting press conferences, advising stakeholders and philanthropists on how to divest, and tracking the growth of the movement. They have supported campus divestment work by connecting students with influential stakeholders, providing advice, and creating national platforms for college divestment victories to be amplified.	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line1045
__label__cc	0.631675	0.368325	Left Behind [2000] (Movie Review) Kirk Cameron, the early years In an instant, millions vanish all around the world, causing the planet to descend into chaos as planes go down, cars drive into buildings, and unrest erupts everywhere. Pilot Rayford Steele finds nearly half of his plane’s manifest (haha) missing. Reporter Buck Williams is on the flight at the time and believes it has something to do with the vast globalist conspiracy he has uncovered. As order dissipates around the globe and as many theories are posited as to what happened to those who disappeared, those still remaining look for a world leader who can bring global peace to the chaos. Production Quality (1 point) As a late 90s\early 2000s production, the original Left Behind film has many of the marks of this era of filmmaking. Opening credits sequences were common back then, but they weren’t ever justified. The video quality and camera work are fairly well produced. However, action scenes are not filmed or produced very well and include poorly crafted CGI and other special effects. Kirk Cameron provides some slight yet unwanted narration throughout the film. Elsewhere, location subtitles from JAG are awkwardly inserted and the soundtrack is cheap. Finally, the editing is pretty good, but as will be discussed next, there is too much content to cover and not enough continuity. In short, this ‘classic’ Christian film has some good quality, but not enough. Based on the blockbuster apocalyptic fiction series by popular authors Tim LaHaye and Jerry Jenkins, the original Left Behind film is not without its plot errors. The premise is trumped up, lacking a touch of realism, but this may get a pass since it was based on the international politics of 15+ years ago. The movie is focused on big world-changing issues, but they come off as simplistic and not groundbreaking enough. The creators perhaps took on more than they could handle as many subplots are juggled throughout. While it’s commendable for this early film to take on a new genre in Christian film (apocalyptic), the plot lacks the intrigue necessary to make it great. For example, there are too many slow and melodramatic scenes—the storyline is anti-climactic and contains to many convenient occurrences. The dialogue is full of information dumps that overemphasize apocalyptic elements. This builds empty characters that are swept along by the plot and are thrown together for no particular reason. On a positive note, the climax scene at the end is slightly interesting and well-crafted. But overall, this first installment spends too much time getting ready for the next film and not enough time building the characters and a realistic apocalyptic landscape. Apocalyptic action movies require dynamic acting, but this cast lacks this quality. Line delivery is stiff and not engaging. Emotions are overdone and too dramatic. Kirk Cameron is a better actor than he is of late, but that’s not saying much. In short, there’s not enough positive here. This was definitely a groundbreaking Christian film that brought a popular Christian novel series to the big screen. It was a hit, since the Christian market was starved for quality. However, this does not mean it was a great film. It had a lot of good ideas behind it, but not enough quality to back them up. They had an amazing budget for the time, but it seems like it was mostly squandered. Needless to say, the old is just marginally better than the new. September 14, 2016 January 15, 2019 by Box Office Revolutionary Categories: Apocalyptic, International, Movie Reviews, SuspenseTags: 1.5 points, 2000, Alan B. McElroy, Apocalyptic, Apocalyptic Plane Plots, Brad Johnson, Chelsea Noble Cameron, Clarence Gilyard Jr., Cloud Ten Pictures, Colin Fox, Gordon Currie, International, Janaya Stephens, Jerry B. Jenkins, Joe Goodman, John Hagee, John Patus, Kirk Cameron, Krista Bridges, Marvin Ishmael, Namesake Entertainment, Neil Crone, Paul Lalonde, Raven Dauda, Suspense, T.D. Jakes, Thomas Hauff, Tim LaHaye, Tony De Santis, Vic Sarin Leave a comment Touched by Grace {The Senior Prank} (Movie Review) Left Behind 2: Tribulation Force [2002] (Movie Review) What did you think? Cancel reply	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line1055
__label__wiki	0.75043	0.75043	Travis Scott Announces New Album Travis Scott just plugged his new merch line and also announced a new album. On Friday (Nov. 29), Travis urged fans to check out his new Black Jack line via his website. While doing so, he mentioned the name of what is believed to be his upcoming JackBoys compilation album. "BLACK JACK COLLECTION LIVE ON http://JACKBOYS.TRAVISSCOTT.COM GANG GANG: JACK BOYS SOON," he wrote. A visit to the site reveals a pre-order link for a digital download of an album titled Jack Boys. The page notes: "YOU WILL RECEIVE DIGITAL DOWNLOAD OF JACK BOYS UPON RELEASE DATE." It also shows a mock cover for the LP. The new album will be a compilation project for Travis' Cactus Jack label and feature Sheck Wes, Don Toliver and artist/DJ Chase B. It is slated to be released before the end of the year. jackboys.travisscott.com Travis first mentioned dropping something called JackBoys last month during an interview with Zane Lowe. During their conversation, La Flame commented, "I'm gearing up for something special. All I can say is JackBoys on the way." The Texas native recently released his latest single, "Highest in the Room." The new banger peaked at No. 1 on the Billboard Hot 100. It's been over a year since he put out the critically-acclaimed album Astroworld, which was led by the singles "Sicko Mode" and "Butterfly Effect." Earlier this month, Travis' 2019 Astroworld Festival took place in Houston. It featured performances from Migos, Marilyn Manson, Pharrell, Rosalía, Young Thug, Playboi Carti, Gucci Mane, DaBaby, Megan Thee Stallion, Houston All Stars, Young Dolph, Key Glock, Sheck Wes, Pop Smoke, Don Toliver and Tay Keith. See Every XXL Freshman Who's Been Nominated For a Grammy Source: Travis Scott Announces New Album Filed Under: Travis Scott	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line1056
__label__wiki	0.735864	0.735864	Japan to Develop Unmanned Undersea Vessel to Hunt Mines Japan to Construct Unmanned Undersea Vessel to Find Mines (excerpt) (Source: The Yomiuri Shimbun via The Japan Times; posted June 29, 2018) Japan’s proposed future minehunting system uses unmanned boats to detect and classify naval mines, and uses depth charges to detonate them instead of using small explosive charges deposited by underwater robots. (JMSDF infographic) The government plans to purchase the nation’s first domestically developed unmanned underwater vehicle, which will be capable of detecting mines on the seabed, in fiscal 2019, according to government sources. The government intends to include hundreds of millions of yen for the purchase in its budgetary request for next fiscal year and launch operations in fiscal 2022, the sources said. If a Japanese remote island is occupied and mines are deployed in waters nearby, the envisaged vehicle could be used to remove the mines without putting human lives at risk. The unmanned underwater vehicle is about 5 meters long and weighs about 1 ton. It will be used together with an unmanned boat operated remotely. First, a Maritime Self-Defense Force destroyer will release the vehicle into the sea and instruct it to automatically navigate in a predetermined area. The underwater vehicle will then detect mines on the seabed using built-in sonar. If mines are detected, information about their location will be sent to the unmanned boat, which will then fire depth charges to destroy the mines. (end of excerpt) Click here for the full story, on the Japan Times website.	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line1063
__label__wiki	0.684504	0.684504	BEFORE THE DEVIL KNOWS YOU’RE DEAD (director: Sidney Lumet; screenwriter: Kelly Masterson; cinematographer: Ron Fortunato; editor: Tom Swartwout; music: Carter Burwell; cast: Philip Seymour Hoffman (Andy), Ethan Hawke (Hank), Albert Finney (Charles), Marisa Tomei (Gina), Rosemary Harris (Nanette), Aleksa Palladino (Chris), Brian F. O’Byrne (Bobby), Michael Shannon (Dex, Chris’s thug brother), Amy Ryan (Martha), Leonardo Cimino (William); Runtime: 117; MPAA Rating: R; producers: Michael Cerenzie/Brian Linse/Paul Parmar/William S. Gilmore; ThinkFilm; 2007) “[T]he bleak movie remains tense, interesting and unpredictable throughout.” The 83-year-old Sidney Lumet (“Gloria”/”Find Me Guilty”/”Q & A”), who has been making films for the last fifty years, is still spry enough to helm this part perverse dysfunctional family story (keying in on sibling rivalry) and part crime story (a botched heist). It’s deftly written by playwright and first-time screenwriter Kelly Masterson. Though it doesn’t always add up, the bleak movie remains tense, interesting and unpredictable throughout. It depicts that “The world is an evil place,” as uttered with stinging glee by an untrustworthy 47th Street diamond-cutter to a former diamond-cutter who just lost his wife in a robbery and has lost his sons but doesn’t realize it. Brothers Andy Hanson (Philip Seymour Hoffman) and the younger Hank (Ethan Hawke) are opposites. Andy is strong, scheming and ruthless, who is a high-living corporate payroll exec for a large real estate firm earning a six figure salary but who also has an expensive drug habit and insecurity problems over never feeling loved for himself and problems with impotency. Hank is a weakling loser, who has a low paying job, is divorced and is a deadbeat dad with difficulty meeting his child-support payments to his bitchy ex (Amy Ryan) while also trying desperately to maintain a good relationship with his snippy spoiled daughter. Gina (Marisa Tomei) is the sexy bimbo-like broad married to the obese Andy, who demands materialistic comforts and good sex, as their relationship is strained because he can’t please her in the bedroom. The last time he satisfied her was while they were on vacation in Rio. Gina is having a secret affair with the handsome Hank, who can screw like a porn star. Both brothers are in need of bread, and Andy, also worried about an IRS audit at his firm that will snag him as an embezzler, schemes to have Hank rob their parents’ mom-and-pop jewelry store in a Westchester shopping mall in a simple plan that requires no violence. The rationale is that no one loses, it’s a victimless crime, as the insurance company will pay back their parents for the loss. Hank is insecure about the job; so he hires a loose-cannon thug acquaintance from Red Hook, Brooklyn, Bobby (Brian F. O’Byrne), to pull off the heist. Bobby uses a real gun and the clerk is unexpectedly replaced by Nanette (Rosemary Harris), Hank’s mom. Everything that could go wrong then does go wrong, as the stickup leaves Bobby dead, the store owner in a coma she will never come out of and Hank fleeing in shock in the rental getaway car. The film goes into flashback and covers a number of different scenes at different times before the robbery. The disjointed time sequences, with time going back and forth, makes things fuzzy at first, but as the robbery story gets more complicated things gradually become clearer and begin to make sense as to why the brothers are so desperate and greedy for dough and willing to go down this sicko path. Hoffman, as the ambiguous hulking smarty-pants main villain filled with repressed anger over his miserable childhood, comes through with a tour de force performance that sends this dark family melodrama spinning into the realm of Greek tragedy. The usually reliable Albert Finney, surprisingly strident, gives the film’s weakest performance as the grieving judgmental father; he’s a tough-minded ex-diamond cutter from Manhattan, who fled to the safe life in the suburbs and couldn’t help himself from always favoring the cutie-pie youngest son over the brooding older one and now pays the price for that neglect. REVIEWED ON 12/4/2007 GRADE: B	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line1065
__label__wiki	0.515154	0.515154	dhongisamaaj Log kya kahenge! (WONDERING WHAT WOULD PEOPLE SAY OR THINK!) Whats happening around The Narcissistic Fracturing of LGBT Literature dhongisamaaj SOCIETY June 26, 2019 1 Minute https://alb.quillette.com/2019/02/25/the-narcisistic-fracturing-of-lgbt-literature/ — Read on alb.quillette.com/2019/02/25/the-narcisistic-fracturing-of-lgbt-literature/ #dhongisamaaj #logkyakahenge Published by dhongisamaaj Founder - Sarah pen is mightier than a sword. well i am on a mission to teach and learn from mankind. she was always the girl that was given the wrong label. An orthodox muslim girl embracing the freedom of sanatana. Guided by her goddess and fueled by her very own charm has now set out on a journey to banish stigmatic indian society , which simply takes a while to digest the truth. Her quest is to accomplish complete mental freedom into the lifes of million who are suppressed and labelled wrongly, ‘log kya kahenge!’ Sarah Khan was born in a city called kolkata,india in the year 1988. She grew up to be a bright student in her school. As time passed by she realized that she was different from others in terms of her intuitive skills and creativity. Since school days she had been good with writing and creative arts. It was reckoned by her principal of the school, and later sarah was awarded as the best writer and speaker in her school. Sarah was born and brought up in a traditional islamic family.The family was highly influenced by islam and its believe system. Growing up in such an environment couldnt really change Sarah from being and outcast and a misfit. She grew up with a liberal mindset and wanted to advocate and support equal female rights in islam. Her feminist attitude and approach to life brought a lot of criticism and adversities. She was destined to be a rebel and nothing could stop her from practicing what she felt right about. Her father was quite tensed and frustrated with her approach towards life as a muslim girl,with a lot of religious oppression and belife system her father never allowed her to be the way she always wanted to be. With the growing awareness in Sarah,she decided to move out of her family and pursue her carrier. Moving out of the family was a great deal, as her fellow friends and relatives suspected her intent and integrity,and assumed her decision to be a fatal disaster. Even the society failed to refrain Sarah's liberal mindset and in some years she completed her college and moved to Hongkong to pursue further into beauty and cosmetology.While her stay in Hongkong she learnt alot of spirituality along with beauty. The serenity of Sanatan Dharma always fascinated Sarah. As time passed by she had a lot of self realization and a spiritual awakening which led her leave the practise of islam, and she started practicing spirituality and became a firm beliver of Karma. After her studies completed in hongkong she returned india and stared practicing her beauty training at a beauty studio in kolkata. She lost her beloved mother in the year 2006 in a car accident. That incident shattered her for a while leaving a watermark in her life, of a loss. Her mother was the only family member who loved her dearly, and had been a source inspiration. It took few years to overcome the mental and emotional loss. Meanwhile the knowledge horizon widened for Sarah. There was drastic change in her when she fell in love with a friend of hers. Within a few months they decided to take things further and settle down getting married. As always everything looked rosey and lovable and a few months passed by. Sarah assumed this could possibly be her new start after her mothers death.Sadly a time came when she saw her man in bed with another woman, in her absence.Bam! The rosey things turned thorny, on questioning her partner, Sarah was replied with a statement that could have been a possible nightmare."We men can bed as many woman we like." Her partner explained that even in islam men were allowed to have multiple woman partners for there pleasure and satisfaction. So she has to understand a man need in the absence of his woman. In a way it was that adultry should be allowed for men in the absence of there woman. As days went by but no words or acts could actually convince sarah to continue with man.She got divorced in order to overcome her mental misery and stress. Such major incidence either ruins or builds a woman,and in no time Sarah realised that this is not all she wanted in her life.She decided to move on learing a lesson,and an aim to banish such religious tabloids in asia.The only reason for such pratise was lack of awarness and the correct true knowledge.Since then she made it a point that till the end of her life,she would create awareness and save womens falling pray to such religious oppression in the name of love and marriage.The most funny thing that Sarah witnessed was on requesting justice from her man's family's end, she was answered by her ex mother in-law that "We women should always compromise and understand the nature of a man.A man is a lustful being since islamic history.The key to a happy family is to over looks ones mans deed and continue with other household chores.Even our prophets had many wives, so why cant men have many wives now." These words couldn't create a positive impact on Sarahs mind, instead drived her more away from such evil religious practice .Sarah was clueless in this vast world. She started studying parallel religion to understand why such phenomena involved,behind exploiting woman in the name of Religion.In this journey, she realized and felt a strong urge towards the Goddess Kali.There had been endless acts of Kali destroying evil.Good over Bad.Gradually Sarah started relating to the new entity a lot, in a lot of new ways.Hinduism is the religion that respects male and female equally.The pre-historic roots also show that woman had equally played an important role in the hindu religion. The endless list of goddess like Lakmi,Saraswati,Durga and Kali were all divine form of feminine entities who banished evil in time immemorial.Having such a past and history to look upto,definitely Hinduism respects every feminine being, be it in history or in the current time. Sarah says- "I was clueless being a woman since childhood,i was exploited and supressed. Until i started embracing the divine feminine within me and things started changing around me. I see no religion good or bad, its the people who malpractice and set a wrong impression. I am just a small particle from the divine feminine form.Every woman is indeed. Goddess Kali had been my inspiration and the source of enlightenment. Henceforth i adore her and try to relive her every moment of my existence." Co-Founder - Vineet Jaiswal covered a long journey called life in search of the truth. A truth that people and society always supress but still the truth exists. An avid beliver of ‘whatever exists matter’. The rollercoaster ride from a small town in Bihar to the busy trails of the metropolitan. He aims not to do wonders but to change our social history.... View all posts by dhongisamaaj Previous Post पैगामे इस्लाम हिन्दू जरूर पढ़ें Next Post Taimur Lang was killed by Hindu warrior- Jograj Singh-unsung heroes of India. Taimur Lang was killed by Hindu warrior- Jograj Singh-unsung heroes of India. पैगामे इस्लाम हिन्दू जरूर पढ़ें Nothing peaceful about Islam! Gaurav Arora on Sanatan is the Satya! The Saty… astro Bhrigupanditas on पैगामे इस्लाम हिन्दू जरूर… basic human rights hindu goddess social evil stopanimalrape what would people say	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line1071
__label__wiki	0.919558	0.919558	Difficult Run I had another dream, I had another life The DR Editors The DR Book Collection The DR Taglines Advertising on DR The DR Comment Policy A Wacky, Wonderful Miss Jane: _Austenland_ Both Skewers and Honors the Jane Austen Aficionado April 11, 2018 August 29, 2013 by Mahonri A wonderfully breezy Keri Russell in _Austenland_. As I looked around the movie theater last weekend in Scottsdale, AZ, it was pristinely clear that Austenland had attracted its target audience. The estrogen in the theater was potent, with only a few sparse men present, attached to girlfriends or husbands. I was definitely the only man there who wasn’t with his female significant other. Despite that fact, I couldn’t have been happier to be there. Now, granted, my wife Anne was originally supposed to come with me, but she ended up not being able to come (and will instead be attending this weekend with a group of women). But it says something about me that, despite that hiccup, I was still intent to go to the film by myself (not just so I could write the review, but because I was super excited to see it). Blame it on my seven sisters, but, in my heart of hearts, I’d much rather watch Downton Abbey than the Superbowl. As a result of that brainwashing at the hands of my sisters, I’m very affectionate towards Regency/Victorian literature, BBC period dramas, black and white Jimmy Stewart films, and even a well made rom-com. Thus the new film Austenland, a tongue in cheek love letter to the hordes of Jane Austen fans that span the globe… well, it was right up my alley. And this is the up hill battle Austenland faces. The film’s portrait of Jane Hayes, a woman whose fanatic love for all things Jane Austen motivates her to invest her life savings into a weekend fantasy retreat where she gets to act out those fantasies with actors and other fellow BBC cosplayers, has a real world corollary. There was even one such audience member in the theater who was decked out in her full Regency costume to celebrate the film. And, as outlandish of extremes as the film sometimes portrays its characters going to, many of these Austenites truly do take their Pride and Prejudice, Sense and Sensibility, and Persuasion quite seriously. And they have definite opinions in how Jane Austen, and the culture and fandom surrounding her, is portrayed. Austenites may take a bit of gentle ribbing, but that’s a dangerous road that requires a delicate balance, for, despite their love of satire, a true fan will not be mocked, especially by perceived outsiders. Being a part of any fandom is a sensitive position, at once delightfully heady when you’re among fellow fans, but also initiates a certain defensiveness when the fans feel like they are being made fun of by the rest of the world. Fortunately for the film, such a balance is struck, working both as a satire and a tribute. Firstly, it helps that it seems that the women involved (producer Stephenie Meyer, director Jerusha Hess, star Kerri Russell, and especially the original novel’s author/co-screenwriter Shannon Hale) seem to have an insider’s love for the material. It also helps (and is downright refreshing) that the chief creators are all women. The last thing an Austenite would have appreciated is a Hollywood Executive-Patriarch patronizing them to win a quick buck. An Austenite can smell a faker from a mile away. Those who read and view Austen stories do so because they are passionate about them. If they sense that those behind such projects are not equally passionate, it’s dead in the water. The various connections to Austen’s books that the film makes (whether it’s comical allusions to Persuasion‘s handsome sea captains; a manically disjointed Mansfield Park-like production of an amateur play; or the obvious plot similarities the show shares with Pride and Prejudice), reveals that the film’s creators love the books, even as they turn the stories and the archetypes on their heads. Now some may think that having one of the creators of quintessentially quirky and broad humored Napoleon Dynamite, Jerusha Hess, in the director’s chair may be an odd choice to helm a show that deals with such a subtle satirist as Austen. But, when you look at the pairing, there are a number of similarities in the humor that can be found in cultural misfits like those found in Nacho Libre or Napoleon Dynamite alongside the Regency obsessed attendants of Austenland. Each of the films analyze through affectionate satire those on the fringes of their respective societies. They tell the tales of those who have, despite the alienation they have experienced, still carved out their own unique place in the world regardless, and made their small, but personally meaningful, triumphs. Another thing can be said of Hess’s helming of the show is that she and her cast/crew certainly made that target audience LAUGH. The hearty female laughter came often and came sincerely and I just grinned from ear to ear, enjoying the audience’s response nearly as much as I was enjoying the film itself. And that’s something that can be missing from the cynical critics’ assessments of the film, especially when they’ve been sent a DVD, or were sitting in a preview showing full of other critics… there was a huge communal ENJOYMENT in that theater last weekend. Laughter was free! There were no snooty inhibitions, no one judging this group of women (and a few men), who were having the time of their lives reveling in something they loved. It also didn’t hurt that the producers and director put together an excellent cast. Kerri Russell is as radiant as ever, bringing nuance and dimension to the socially awkward Jane, who comes into a wisdom, beauty, and maturity of her own. J.J. Field, doing his second Austen centered film (previously playing ably in Masterpiece Theatre’s Northanger Abbey) was an absolute revelation in the Mr. Darcy/Mr. Knightly inspired role of Mr. Nobley. At one point Jane leans over and whispers into Nobley’s ear and says something to the effect of, “Even though it wasn’t real, you were perfect.” In the context of this production, that compliment was certainly earned. He’s leading man material. Both Field and Russell played their lead roles with such authenticity, charm, and warmth that it was hard not to route for their relationship, even when the plot went in (interestingly) unexpected directions. Bret McKenzie was also excellent as the third prong of the love triangle. The plot keeps you guessing with these three, and although the ending ties back neatly to the romantic comedy devices it makes fun of, in this case it feels earned. The supporting cast, although more broad and less nuanced than the leads, were no less delightful. A lot has been said in other reviews about Jennifer Coolidge and the spades of humor she brings to her role of Elizabeth Charming, who hardly knows a thing about Austen, but has come to the resort seeking a more lusty experience than the chaste romance of yesteryear. James Callis (known for his role as Gaius to Battlestar Gallactica fans like myself) is great fun, while Georgia King (who I recognized from her guest appearance on BBC’s Merlin) was also broadly, but consistently funny. You could tell that these actors were having a ball with their roles. Ricky Whittle was also very fun playing an actor who was more given more to, erm, swarthy roles in the past, rather than the classical training required to play in an Austenite’s fantasy. And, of course, having Jane Seymour grace the cast, is a delightful nod to the kind of source material that inspired such romantic feelings in characters like Jane in the first place, although Seymour has graduated from the romantic lead to the comical villain in this case. Her being there gave me flashbacks of falling in love with her as a boy when I watched movies like Somewhere in Time and The Scarlet Pimpernel, which were staples in that home of mine with seven sisters. Along with the comedy and frothy romance, however, was also some more substantial meaning behind the film. The relationship between fantasy and reality, specifically where one ends and the other begins, was an interesting philosophical bone to chew on. Yet instead of going into full out cynicism, as the film easily could have, it still held out hope that within that package of fantasy was still something very real upon which it was based. It still dared to hope that when you took out all the unrealistic fantasies that set up true romance for failure, there was still something substantial in the thing we call love. That, while recognizing the unrealistic expectations that are trapped under the period dresses and balls and chases to the airport, that there was still something real at the center of the Austen novels and romantic comedies that so many women (and a number of men) cling to. Being a happily married man, I would like to think there is some wisdom in that, but whether true or not, it’s exactly what that target audience wanted to hear that night. They wanted to be reminded that, whether they look like Mr. Darcy or Elizabeth Bennett, or perhaps some one a little more common, love may not be a myth after all. Categories Arts, Books, Humor, Movies, Pop Culture, Review Tags literature 3 Comments Post navigation Why Vote? Society as Emergent Property, Part 1 Mormons…the new Jew?: Exploring the Jewish-Mormon Connection 3 thoughts on “A Wacky, Wonderful Miss Jane: _Austenland_ Both Skewers and Honors the Jane Austen Aficionado” Mahonri For those interested in finding a showing in their city: http://www.sonyclassics.com/austenland/dates.html?utm_content=buffer46765&utm_source=buffer&utm_medium=twitter&utm_campaign=Buffer It’s interesting to note that although the critics’ consensus on Austenland drags the show down to a depressing 35%, yet the audience fresh rating is a very solid 75%. Obviously, the academic sensibility stifled the enjoyment that the typical audience member had. :) http://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/austenland_2013/ Search Difficult Run © 2020 Difficult Run • Powered by GeneratePress	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line1075
__label__cc	0.666466	0.333534	← Anti-cop rhetoric is claiming casualties on both sides What do I expect? Public safety → Progressivism triumphs in America’s Haiti Posted on November 12, 2019 by David Blaska If you’re going … to San Francisco. Be sure to watch/ the sidewalk where you step. San Francisco is what Madison WI would like to be if we had a bridge over Lake Mendota. They are two of my favorite cities: eclectic, picturesque, vibrant street scene. Coffee houses, eclectic bistros, farmers markets, festivals, electric music and arts. Both as progressive as Evo Morales in exile and as kooky as A.O.C. on a unicycle. Both, unfortunately, have branded law enforcement as public enemy #1. Disregarding public demand, Madison’s mayor wants to hire a $200,000 full-time watchdog over those troublesome police while freezing their number — all the while appointing cop haters like Brenda Konkel to sensitive safety posts. Poopy streets of San Francisco Madison has a ways to go to match San Francisco, which last Saturday (11-09-19) elected the son of two former Weather Underground murderers to serve as their District Attorney, as TownHall writes it. Progressive candidate Chesa Boudin wants to free criminals but prosecute police and ICE agents for doing their jobs. It’s no surprise Boudin hates cops so much. His parents did, too. Kathy Boudin and David Gilbert were terrorists in the Weather Underground who murdered two police officers and a security guard during a 1981 robbery of a Brinks armored security car outside New York City. After his parents killed the cops, Boudin was sent to live with two other terrorists, Bill Ayers and Bernardine Dohrn. Dohrn declared war on the United States and was on the FBI’s Most Wanted list. Ayers bombed the Pentagon, the U.S. Capitol building, and the New York City Police Department before he and Dohrn became fugitives and went into hiding. This is what is known in S.F. as “street cred.” Boudin promises not to prosecute public urination and other quality-of-life crimes in a city that has engaged poop patrols to pick up after and, thereby, enable dysfunction. Pretty much Madison, especially on upper State Street and for many months, in front of — and inside — the City-County Building. Forbes magazine reports: “The trash, used needles, and human waste littering California’s cities have led to increased numbers of rats and, along with them, fleas and deadly diseases,” including The Black Death. California is on Fire Gavin Newsom started out as mayor of San Francisco. As governor, his state is on fire and the power is out to 2.7 million people. Not just for a day but for days on end in rolling blackouts and for the future. Electric power in Haiti is more dependable. Governor Newsom knows what to do. Blame Donald Trump. Blame global climate change. Naturally, San Francisco has erected a huge mural to Greta Thunberg. The governor of California threatens to take over the electric utility. What could go wrong? Having directed Pacific Gas & Electric to invest in wind and solar, might as well put the utility directly under the thumb of the Democrat(ic) party and their allies in the Sierra Club. The Wall Street Journal observes: Because California accounts for less than 1% of global emissions, nothing it does will make a difference to climate, but its ratepayers shell out billions for wind and solar that might be better spent on fireproofing. A generation of ill-judged environmental activism has all but ended forest management in favor of letting dead trees and underbrush build up because it’s more “natural.” The irony is that one week of smoke from the latest California fires is polluting the air worse than an entire year’s worth of vehicle emissions. (Source.) Taxes in California are the 13th highest in the nation. Housing is the third-most expensive. (200-sq-ft shed rents for $1,050 a month) Cost of living is the second-highest in America. Is it any wonder that, for 7th year in a row, more people left California than moved in? Not kooky enough Which is why former New York mayor Michael Bloomberg will never get the Democrats’ presidential nomination. Not without that electoral elephant in the room called California. This U. of Chicago political scientist explains why (H/T Ann of Althouse): The problem is that Bloomberg made the city safer by cracking down on petty criminals… and frisking lots of people to lessen gun violence. Those policies, begun under Mayor Rudolph Giuliani and continued under Bloomberg, worked well — but… [b]eing strong on crime is the surest way to alienate today’s Democratic primary voters. … Bloomberg’s second problem is… that he is not embarrassed by his riches, that he made them in the financial sector, and that he opposes the activists’ anti-growth policies, such as the Green New Deal. Blaska’s Bottom Line: There’ll be no murals of Mike Bloomberg in the City by the Bay. This entry was posted in Uncategorized and tagged Gavin Newsom, Greta Thunberg, San Francisco. Bookmark the permalink. 30 Responses to Progressivism triumphs in America’s Haiti It’s so great when conservatives mock San Francisco. What’s the ideal conservative American city? Jacksonville Florida? Tempe Arizona? Wausau? Omaha? Some real hubs of fascinating living there, huh? Nothing against Waukesha, but I challenge anyone to spend more than 2 hours there without getting bored out of their gourds. Would San Francisco be even greater without the poop, panhandlers, and forest fires? Ya never know what Seth finds exciting. geo_ says: Waukesha County would be greater, much greater without republicans, OH! same thing as poop and panhandlers. @geo_; “Waukesha County would be greater, much greater without republicans” The tax base would dry up to less than a trickle; how would you fund more More MORE high quality/quantity free $#!T for democrat slugs that don’t want to work? @Seth; I challenge anyone to spend more than 2 hours (in S.F.) without stepping in human feces or on an unexchanged needle, being aggressively panhandled, or assaulted/battered by an undocumented sanctuary city resident. At least they won’t be bored though, am I right? Curious; they finish that Bull$#!T Choo-Choo yet…? Fritzderkat says: Madison was pretty nice before the progressives got hold of it. Sprocket says: Cow town hipsters love them some San Francisco. Bad news for them, nothing interesting or cool has happened in San Francisco for twenty years. The city is an urban theme park catering to the self regard of rich lefties. George's son says: Sometimes when a jolt of Schadenfreude urges, I google the South Oakland area near Wood & 7th… Blue tents and trash are easy to spot from an aerial view. I am thankful, however, that it doesn’t provide “Smell-o-Vison” just yet. As usual, Legal Insurrection nails it. Big Sister Is Watching: Greta Thunberg Mural Looms Over San Francisco “Instead of focusing on issues of sanitation, job creation, or at least ensuring there are more high school students than drug addicts in the city, activists have chosen to honor Swedish ‘climate crisis’ activist Greta Thunberg with a giant mural that will grace the skyline.” Cue @AnonyBob profuse, spittle-flecked slobbering that St. Greta is soooooooooo much smarter than people that don’t think the way they’ve been told. AnonyBob says: Goooootch…I’m…in…your…dreams….woooooo! (Sound like a ghost as you read that.) @AnonyBob; Don’t over-analyze it; The Gotch merely anticipates monumentally absurd reactions, nothing more, nothing less. Speaking of which, why aren’t you-n-yours living in the City by the Bay; it’s your kinda town, am I right? Lefties, rats, disease, needles, homeless, human excreta; sheesh, leave things to Lefty and everything turns to…welp…you get the picture. Instead of focusing on issues of clean water, job creation, or at least ensuring there are less homeless people and sensible gun laws the people want, republicans have chosen to fire approved designees, select a state religion and rename a tree…….. @geo_: This thread’s about SF; miiiiight just be time to up the Ritalin©™®…? But you’re right, America’s Dairyland should be spending its time chasing people out of the state, being a welfare magnet, and advocating for bearded men identifying as women to both use whatever $#!tter they chose and compete in X-Chromosomal Unit in sports; you know, like, issues that matter! It gets worse. Hillarity “I can (heh!) beat him again” Clinton: “I, as I say, never, never, never say never […] I will certainly tell you, I’m under enormous pressure from many, many, many people to think about it.” WhattsamattahU? The Clown Car Caravan Cavalcade not crowded enough? Massive over regulation and taxes, most wokeness, few kids, most self indulgent, most inequality. least liberty for citizens, high crime……. Progressive Nirvana. hey Gavin, pay back our money for the Bullet Train from Modesto to Fresno. Lifted from the Golden State Chamber of Commerce web page…? And congrats on the new DA. Gary L. Kriewald says: At least once in our storied past we had a governor who had the balls to derail a similar choo-choo before it had a chance to go off the rails like the one in California–and to piss off Madison’s liberal elites (always a welcome bonus). Oh well, they now have a new target to rail against: noisy airplanes. When I first saw the Greta mural, I thought it was the product of some right-wing provocateur. Just shows that whenever you attempt to parody the left, they’ve already beat you to it. As for that overpriced shed in San Diego, I’d be interested to know the average rental of a studio apartment in one of the luxury high-rises that have deformed Madison’s skyline in the last few years. Something tells me it would right up there with California’s rents. And, of course this kind of thing troubles Madison’s liberal elites not a whit–they’ll go right on delivering pious little sermons on the evils of income inequality while presiding over a city that relentlessly squeezes working-class families out of affordable housing. A minor, irreverent tweak would allow Hilarity To Ensue ! Apparently, in a state of Progressives you don’t have to provide electricity if you’re struggling against Climate Change. By the bye my well off pals in Berkeley and SF never lost power. I’m actually hoping this hyperlink doesn’t work -news report today from the enchanted city of Los Angeles CA by Fox News… I don’t think we’re quite ready for this just yet in our own enchanted city. Right? https://www.foxnews.com/us/california-woman-homeless-man-bucket-feces If indeed Madison soon succumbs to this style of behavior, no doubt Mayor Satya Conway-Rhodes will provide clean-up stations in strategic locations around the city –likely near the BRT transit points. Gawd…. Another infrastructure feather in her cap. And A-Bob will hafta add pleasant fragrance to his sparkly silver sequins scattered hither & thither…. The US elected the grandson of a pimp and tax evader and the son of a racist, cop beater as president*. The apple doesn’t fall far from the tree in some conservative circles either. WashCoRepub says: How did I know feces running in the streets of lovely San Francisco would somehow be President Trump’s fault? old baldy says: Follow the same winding path that blames liberals for forest fires. @hankdog/old baldy; Haven’t seen you ’round these parts, lately; been over a month, am I right? Welp, I guess not since The Gotch administered what must have been a painfully embarrassing History Lesson. Speaking of which, a fact-based reality still awaits your apology… Nope, you are wrong on all counts. Not unusual. And no, since you are a legend in your own mind, I won’t wait for an apology. “Nope, you are wrong on all counts.” Reality begs to differ. The Gotch SCHOOLED you! Check the link & get back to us; change my mind. gootchie: You have no mind to be changed, only reptilian instincts, a misplaced sense of self-promotion, and a pathological aversion to reality. Carry on…. @hankdog/old baldy continues to do a slow burn because he was hilariously SCHOOLED, but this is what The Gotch EXPECTED. Church Drummers To Play 70-Minute Solos In Honor Of Neil Peart This Sunday	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line1078
__label__cc	0.697	0.303	KOffice ODF Sprint Report Submitted by Jos Poortvliet The two days of the KOffice ODF sprint were very productive. Most time was spent on group discussions, and designing specific parts of KOffice in smaller groups. Of course, code was written as well, and for an overview of what happened, read on! The first real KOffice ODF day kicked off at 9am with a presentation by David Faure, who talked about the technical side of the Open Document standard. He explained how the format works, and how to read and write it. He also talked about the way the standard came into existence, and the process of improving it. David urged developers with valuable input to join the OASIS committee, which is responsible for ODF. Philip Rodrigues, who spent the weekend working on documentation, condensed all this information on the KOffice wiki. And not only a basic ODF-architecture overview, but also a lot of deeper, more technical information for those who need it. Then it was time for lunch. It took some time to get the developers on their feet, as the talk by David sprung off a lively discussion. Finally, we decided to get the food to them. During and after lunch the discussions continued with further detailed talks about ODF, the underlying XML structure and its implementation in KOffice. Okular wants to use KOffice technology for displaying ODF files, thus Tobias' input here ensures that the KOffice architecture supports this implementation need. After the ODF discussions, Inge Wallin started a brainstorm about the vision he has for the future of ODF: every KDE application should be able to work with it. The developers talked about this for hours, as it is new and uncharted territory. What use cases are there for ODF on the common desktop? How would they consolidate the rich ODF functionality available in KOffice within a library, to be used by applications? Till Adam (from Kmail and Akonadi fame) started daydreaming about VCards and loading and saving emails to ODF. Anne-Marie would love to have this available to use in KVocTrain. KVocTrain works with files which contain vocabulary data, and it has an internal editor to create these data files. But it is a seperate fileformat, so you need use the built-in editor for creating data. Now an ODF library would make it relatively easy to use an ODF-based fileformat for this data, so you can use, for example, KSpread to enter the data, or use it to import from all kinds of datasets. Here you can clearly see the flexibility and power such a technology would bring to KDE. Reuse of code and co-operation on standards are important cornerstones of KDE, and this would bring them to a new level. However, there are many pitfalls to overcome before this can be implemented. The first step will be to allow applications that can output documents (through saving or printing) to create ODF documents. The KOffice hackers will create a library which makes writing to ODF documents as easy as possible. Just like Qt currently makes it possible to output practically all content to SVG or PDF, the KODFlib (the name is still undecided) will make it possible for applications to output ODF files. Thomas Zander digested the results of the meeting in an email to the KOffice mailinglist, which makes for an interesting (though technical) read. In time, this "KODF" technology might make KDE the preferred platform for everyone who values open communication and the sharing of knowledge. Governments and companies alike can enjoy the advantages of this integration in the Free Desktop. Now there's an imporant question for the developer- and user community: the KOffice people, and specifically those designing this library, are looking for use cases for this technology. Having those would enable them to make a more generic solution, and thus advance faster. So think about where you can use it, and how you would like to use it. If you have a concrete example, report this to the KOffice developers. You can use the KOffice developer mailinglist or add comments to this article. It will be appreciated! Next, a small group of core developers gathered in a seperate room. A talk to David made clear what they had been working on: working out the details of loading data in Flake shapes. Loading data might sound simple (it does to me) but David explained how hard it can be. If an application loads a document, objects (parts of other documents, like a picture, spreadsheet, vector graphic) can be embedded in it. So the application has to identify the right Flake shape for each of those embedded objects. In KOffice 1.x, the strategy was the chosen solution across the office industry: practically just load the other application within the current one so you have all the needed capabilities for the object. In KDE, we have the KParts technology for this. Both applications need to suport this, of course - the embedding app has to load the one to be embedded, which has to take care not to interfere with the embedding application. It works, but it is complex in terms of technology and user interface, and is very heavy on resources. The new Flake technology allows you to just use what you need - the basic display, load and storage technology and the primary manipulation tools. Flakes integrate in the application on a much lower level, allowing for less overhead and more flexibility. You're only embedding an object, not a full document. Now, as ODF supports having an object inside another object, a Flake must be able to load a Flake. And sometimes, data can be loaded by two Flakes, and you have to identify the right one. Everything had to be carefully designed to ensure there are no clashes. This technology is also needed for drag'n'drop and copy-and-paste, as those are essentially about loading objects. While these developers were discussing loading in Flake, the other hackers were hacking away, talking and discussing architectural issues, or trying to work out some details. It proved to be very difficult to get them out for dinner, but we managed to convince them it would be healthy to stop working for a few hours. As it was raining heavilly, we were lucky dinner was planned at a Turkish restaurant almost next to the office. Implementing the new ideas After dinner, the developers continued implementing the ideas they have. The office was full of hacking people until after 2am. And the next day, you could hear keyboards being abused at 9am already, so I'm pretty sure most hackers will need to catch up on their sleep. But they clearly wanted to get as much out of this meeting as possible. It proved to be very useful to be in the same room, as much new technology was being integrated into KOffice. This resulted in a lot of questions, and having the person who wrote a certain piece of library you need just sitting next to you is very efficient. Alfredo and Martin got the KFormula flake loading and rendering, and Jan has hopes to get Karbon at the same level before he leaves. The discussion about loading ODF also paid dividends on Sunday, when the hackers were slowly getting the infrastructure to pass testcase after testcase. Tobias went to work on an Okular tutorial for writing plugins, to ease the process of writing an ODF reader in the future. Pierre Ducroquet and Sebastian Sauer where working on the basics of KWord, and finally were able to get it to display background colors and some other testcases from the OpenDocument testsuite. So people were both talking and hacking, and working on both creating and implementing new things all day. Overall, it was clear what the greatest benefit of this meeting was: the design and other results of the discussions. Though there has been hacking, most time was spent talking to each other, and trying to flesh out the details of the KOffice infrastructure. This meeting will ensure the architecture is sane, powerful and usable. And of course, we had fun. There was good food (thank you, KDAB!) and some beer as well. It's always nice to meet your fellow hackers, and see what faces belong to the nicknames you see so often. We want to thank the sponsors for their support, as it is really a big boost to KOffice! Klarälvdalens Datakonsult AB (KDAB), who provide consultancy, training and development on Qt and KDE-based applications, provided us with their office in Berlin. Several KDAB people joined us, and not just paid for, but also knew where to get the good food! Further, Trolltech (the guys behind the Qt toolkit) are sponsoring the travel costs of the ODF Meeting through our own KDE e.V., so we owe much to them as well. Links to the articles, blogs, pictures and other information is being aggregated on the Koffice ODF Sprint site in the Galleries. Have a look to see a more detailed and personal side of the meeting! names and faces... for those who want to know a who-is-who, check the KOffice ODF sprint site (sorry for the typo in the link above)... Re: names and faces... eh that you jos, i hope you enjoyed the food :-) By djouallah mimoune at Tue, 2007/05/15 - 5:00am the ODF-lib could be very handy when creating apps who should support freelancers and small companies. They could create nice looking invoices directly out of some workhours-log which then can not only be printed and archived in PDF but also loaded and edited in KOffice if some details must be changed. The templates which are used by this application to create the invoices could also be created in KOffice using some placeholders. By Marcel at Mon, 2007/05/14 - 5:00am why not html? I've always wondered why we need another document format. Where is HTML not sufficient? text documents, presentations, spreadsheets, all of that is already done today using HTML. Separation of style & content is also possible, javascript can be used to add the more advanced things etc. So, why not html/css/js? Re: why not html? Hm - I would say: look at the difference Konqueror, Mozilla, Opera and IE produce out of ONE html page ;-) By Christian A. Reiter at Mon, 2007/05/14 - 5:00am I'm not sure that's the right explanation here : Why aren't web pages displayed the same way on every web engine ? Maybe because the specs are complex. Is ODF simpler ? I can't help thinking it is not the case. I don't know ODF. Perhaps it makes easier to describe the structure of the page, or richer as it comes to the specific needs of a particular app (XHTML is display-oriented, not work-oriented), and it may have a lot of other advantages, but i don't see it as an answer to the "multiple apps, multiple output" problem. Of course this problem can be solved too, and developpers discussions (between Koffice, and with OpenOffice/Abiword/whatever devs) is certainly the right way to go. Let's cooperate ! By bluestorm at Tue, 2007/05/15 - 5:00am HTML was originally designed as a method of serving text and graphics over the internet. Since then, much more thought has gone into the best way to do this. Among other things, the concept of separating the actual content from how its displayed has been well developed. Since at this point HTML is a bit of a patchwork, and because developing it further would make backwards compatibility difficult to achieve, XHTML has been developed as a replacement. XHTML does an excellent job at separating content from display. Why would we want this? If you are using your mobile phone or PDA, would you want websites displayed in the same way they are when you're on your widescreen monitor at home? Probably not. This is why the separation between content and display is so important, because with it you can display the same content but in a form that is most appropriate for the given user/environment. If KOffice uses a flexible format like XHTML, it can display the same content, but in a different way depending on the O/S, display manager, resolution, user preferences, etc. Finally, if ensuring uniformity across platforms is really what's important, you need to choose a format that has that as its goal. PDF is by far the most common, although there are others. By chris at Tue, 2007/05/15 - 5:00am Using PDF as a format for a document you work on is a no go, since it's essentialy a read only format. Even if you can edit it, PDF was never meant or designed to be editable. You have to realise, PDF is your printout. Even if it's stored digitally, it's the finished product. By Morty at Tue, 2007/05/15 - 5:00am Html is purely about presentation, ODF is not. Just one post above there is a request for saving ODF from an invoicing application. The result would probably be a spreadsheet. HTML does not have a spreadsheet, it just has a table with text. How can you load that table into the application again? Things like doing =SUM(A1, A10) are lost, you only see the result without any meta information. End result is that while HTML might be useful to show something to a client, it is useless to have as a fileformat to exchange structured data. By Thomas Zander at Tue, 2007/05/15 - 5:00am Although, I agree that HTML is about presentation it doesn't mean that ODF is the best way to describe arbitrary semantic data. For instance, I'm not sure about this comment: "KVocTrain works with files which contain vocabulary data, and it has an internal editor to create these data files. But it is a seperate fileformat, so you need use the built-in editor for creating data. Now an ODF library would make it relatively easy to use an ODF-based fileformat for this data, so you can use, for example, KSpread to enter the data" I would have thought some RDF based format would be better for a KVocTrain database, and I don't really see the advantage of using a Spreadsheet to enter language vocabularies. By Richard Dale at Tue, 2007/05/15 - 5:00am The idea that you can use a spreadsheet to open the native fileformat is something that the author of this article added; I don't see that as a really useful thing either. The point of using an ODF (spreadsheet) fileformat here is based mostly on the fact that its better to reuse a known (xml based) fileformat then to invent a new one. Especially if there is a library that allows you to build on the shoulders of others. Also; your reference to language vocabularies makes me realize you misunderstood; the idea was for the fileformat for saving user data (how well the user performs etc), not for saving the datafiles. OK, I see - obviously RDF is a well known file format and using it for something like a vocabulary is what it is intended to be used for. Saving stuff like that on a local hard disc seems a bit limiting, as the data much more useful if combined with other people's scores on the web. Then you can ask questions about what foreign language features are hardest to learn by a particular group of native speakers. If you want to save the user data on the web, I think it would make sense to use something RDF based like rss or atom rather than a document format like ODF. the most interesting aspect to this plan is to use a common file format for storing data that all applications can use. odf seems to be a set of formats that are well described via an openly crafted specification and which can handle the needs of all these apps. encapsulating data unnecessarily in file formats specific to a handful of use cases means that we can't easily move data around between applications and instead have to have filters and other conversion mechanisms. taking your suggestion for RDF (or a derivative), we'd lose this data portability. and for what benefit? perhaps one might wish to export to RDF, and if there is one odt->rdf or ods->rdf filter written then all apps can use it, not just the one app that is specially coded to save its data in RDF. replace 'RDF' with any other file format and think of all the apps that save data. what will people use this for? honestly, i don't think we can fortell every possible use. that's one of the neat things about technology: once created, others can and usually do find interesting and creative uses for it. but this is only possible if the technology is an enabler rather than a straight-jacket. i think it is time we moved beyond the data balkanization that happens due to the rather unnecessary proliferation of file formats. the other aspect of this is that it makes data storage a simpler problem for people writing applications. instead of creating a file format, which is usually just a means to an end rather than a key function of the application, or coding up support for an existing file format, having a common library will make it easy to deal with saving and loading data programmatically. by sharing that library amongst apps, when it comes to data storage it will make it easier for developer of application 'a' to work on application 'b' since the code for saving and loading files will be minimal and near identical in both apps. instead of having to worry both about the internal data structures that are being saved out and the format to which it is being saved, one need only care about the former. having looked at and worked on a number of kde applications that deal with files and have their own home brew document classes, i am pretty happy about that possibility. By Aaron Seigo at Wed, 2007/05/16 - 5:00am "taking your suggestion for RDF (or a derivative), we'd lose this data portability. and for what benefit?" No, quite the opposite. RDF allows you to combine semantic data (such as test scores from using edu apps), with other semantic data that can be found on the web. This would allow you to combine the kde edu app test scores with other data, such as school sports results perhaps, as long as both were RDF and used common vocabularies such as Dublin Core and FOAF. I agree it isn't always obvious when data should be held as an ODF document and when it is better stored in, say in an RDF format. And you might describe ODF docs with RDF meta-data to combine both. By Richard Dale at Wed, 2007/05/16 - 5:00am yes, you can associate RDF metadata with a document. on the other hand, i don't see RDF being able to cover all the data needs of applications. in the case of test scores, afaik RDF doensn't give access to "sum this column, divide by the count" like a spreadsheet does. so given that RDF doesn't cover all the needs of applications, it can never become the "native" file format for many applications. ODF can be. and that means, quite obviously, that ODF grants greater data portability. as you note, it comes down to both apps using the same formats and vocabularies. well, that's what ODF is: an agreed upon format that has broader reach. you're talking about theoretically having apps store things in RDF, the koffice people are talking about a practical way of having many apps store things in a common (set of) format(s): ODF. that doesn't mean RDF is bad, it means that ODF is simply a more general purpose solution and therefore a better selection for primary data storage. nepomuk/strigi bring RDF to the desktop, but i don't think that is an appropriate primary storage system. awesome possibilities for augmenting the primary storage, yes =) I love the idea of having a commonly available library to operate on ODF formats, using them as storage format or interacting with applications using ODF or whatever else. There are countless exciting use case. I would for example like to be able to edit a template document for something like an invoice in KWord/OpenOfficeWriter/... and then fill in the actual data from a specialized application knowing about the business logic behind the specific invoice (maybe a combination of say KMyMoney, KAddressBook and Kraft). On the other hand I can only support Richard's suggestion to use RDF. This goes beyond the notion of a file format for storage of data. It includes relating data, interacting with web resources, sharing of information and much more of the things user want to do in the Web 2.0 times. We shouldn't miss out on this opportunity just because we usually think in the traditional lines of storage file formats. By Cornelius Schumacher at Thu, 2007/05/17 - 5:00am I agree with you that using an existing fileformat is good; the choice you state is RDF. I don't have a lot of experience with it. I guess what I am saying is that we should aim for integration of one fileformat in as many different applications and usages as possible for a couple of reasons. FIrst is obviously code reuse, which Aaron touched on and what makes it easier for the programmers. The developer might like to load the file in a spreadsheet for debugging purposes. A bigger reason is that when ODF becomes omnipresent the tools for handling and debugging them get more focus and developers and users alike will see these documents as more than simple blobs of incomprehensible data. I guess its similar to the concept of 'everything is a file' under unix. Using one interface to as many different things as possible might not give you the best solution for each individual case, but on the whole the network of possibilities increases magnitudes. So, while you may be right that RDF is better (I honestly don't know) for this individual use case, it does not invalidate the idea of a separate library for all apps to use and grow upon. The example elsewhere in this thread that an OCR scanning app saves its text as well as its pixmap data into an ODF container seems like a really good idea to me. And if we start to have a lot of ODF support all through the industry, then kvoctrain will benefit more from ODF in the long run than from using RDF which will ultimately be less well supported. By Thomas Zander at Wed, 2007/05/16 - 5:00am Just for the record, ODF 1.2 will allow you to use RDF within ODF; layering addtional semantics on top of existing document content. So no need to choose between them; they can be quite complementary. By Bruce at Sat, 2007/09/15 - 5:00am [i]The idea that you can use a spreadsheet to open the native fileformat is something that the author of this article added; I don't see that as a really useful thing either.[/i] If I recall this right, Annma mentioned this herself ;-) I try not to make up things, I might only try to make 'em sound a bit more sexy... Anyway, I might have misunderstood this as well, then, I also thought it was for saving datafiles. Maybe Annma can explain what she meant? Ask you this: do you have the concept of "page" in HTML+CSS? By Davide Ferrari at Tue, 2007/05/15 - 5:00am Yes. http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS21/page.html By Flavio at Tue, 2007/05/15 - 5:00am Good! :-) Next challenge: footnotes, tab spacings, TOC's, field references, WordArt, vertical-aligned elements, marco's, slide animations, ... The parent has a point: XHTML/CSS is not mature enough to be used as page format. It needs to be extended severely to compete with Word documents. Features have to be rushed into XHTML while it's not ready for that. Right now the web is a presentation format, not a document format with features like "tab spacings" or "field references". By Diederik van de... at Tue, 2007/05/15 - 5:00am It might not be XHTML, but note that ODF text documents are relatively easily converted to XHTML using XSL! ODF uses similar concepts for formatting tags and markup. Actually, such tools already exists, thanks to the support of the OpenDocument Fellowship : http://opendocumentfellowship.org/projects/odftools Kdissert Kdissert would be a candidate profiting from just using the odf-format. It then would be possible to create mindmaps just out of an existing document structure. It then could become also another form of viewing a document. By Mark at Mon, 2007/05/14 - 5:00am Re: Kdissert The other way is already possible, exporting a mindmap to a odf file. From a workflow point of view that's more important I think. You brainstorm and create the document structure in a mindmap, then fill in the details in a regular document. It actually has been a feature request of mine for quite some time to be able to start kdissert right from inside KWord and show the document structure there. Moving the chapter-nodes around or annotating them would then alter the document inside KWord. KDissert would be great for coupling a KWord doc with a KPresenter presentation as well; where loading just shows all the chapter nodes and exporting to KPresenter allows you to save all the graphics but also create pretty graphics based on textual structure information like lists etc. Anyway; we just need someone to actually do it, which tends to be easier said than done ;) This might be a stupid question but did you ask the author of Semantik [1] (aka KDissert) already? [1] http://freehackers.org/~tnagy/kdissert.html By Mario Fux at Tue, 2007/05/15 - 5:00am I did :) But I have to admit that that was well over a year ago... Me too :-) But even more than a year ago. But it was said it is impossible at that time. I made that comment because this actual discussions might show that it is not impossible. By Mark at Thu, 2007/05/17 - 5:00am Some kind of Koffice integration will be provided, but not until KDE4. The Semantik code base is too young at the moment, and KWord 2.0 is not ready either. By ita_est at Tue, 2007/05/22 - 5:00am Merging the two documents into one will lead to a conflicts as the two views do not represent the same thing: * when the mindmap is changed, the text formatting in the text representation will be silently broken (picture positions, paragraphs, line breaks ..) * when the text representation changes then the map structure will be broken (and parsing is hard(tm)). "After the ODF discussions, Inge Wallin started a brainstorm about the vision he has for the future of ODF: every KDE application should be able to work with it." The topic and the resulting implementation ideas - exactly what I was hoping would be discussed. When you see Export->Text/HTML/PDF ubiquitously, I'd love for ODF to be added to that list. Users should expect to see that option throughout the desktop and apps, developers should expect to have a unified way of doing this (just like help menus, etc) and who better to implement a standard set of ODF libraries than the KOffice team? By Wade Olson at Tue, 2007/05/15 - 5:00am Sounds like a real creativity festival. Congrats (and thanks) to the KOffice developers! And to the sponsors who helped make it possible. By Dr. Nobody at Tue, 2007/05/15 - 5:00am ODF and macros One thing that worries me a bit is that wile ODF is quite good at being platform indipendant, macros aren't. From what I know I can't open a macro-using Spreadsheet-ODF from OpenOffice in KOffice and get the functionality I expect. Or can I? I'd love to use KOffice more but since I have to exchange documents with OOffice users, from what I understand I'd better stick with that. Or am I wrong? If I'm not wrong, is there any thought going into the idea of having platform indipendant macros? By Oscar at Tue, 2007/05/15 - 5:00am Re: ODF and macros Macros are application-level helpers, not document level as MS has created them in 1995, and most people perceive them now. So they are surely tied to the application and actually never saved into a document which makes your question a bit odd ;) Reason for this separation is virusses. It is a basic mistake to allow macros to be shipped in the same container as data. Note that MS also is separating those in newer office versions; so it took them a bit longer, but they agree with us now :) http://security.blogs.techtarget.com/2007/05/11/microsoft-moice-will-sec... Thanks for the answer and an explanation. I'm still a bit confused though. From what I can see I'll still be able to send my macro-infested MS-word-doc to someone and have them behave they way I expect. Is there, or will there be, some way to do the same with ODF? I think I can do it with OpenOffice, but not between OpenOffice and KOffice. Perhaps I'm making even less sense now but being able to send a macro-using-document is something that I want to do from time to time. Typically spreadsheets. you can send the old, macro-infested files between the old MS Office versions and (I guess) to newer MS Office versions. and thanks to the huge amount of work on vbscripting, also to OpenOffice. KOffice won't be able to open them, no VB script support. And ODF doesn't have embedded macro's (afaik) so that's a no-go as well. I don't think I'm being clear enough but that might be because I don't really know what I really want. I'm not asking for (and probably don't want) VB-support in KOffice. What I'm looking for is making ODF similar to MS-doc in the way that I can include a macro and it will work on the machine that opens that document-file. So when I make my spreadsheet and some clever macros in it that formats the data in some way, I can send it to my collegue and he can fill it with data that will be formatted according to the rules I set up. Regardless of which program or platform we use to open this ODF-Spreadsheet. Sorry if I'm too stupid to understand the answers given. I think you might be able to send the macro seperately, but not in the document, as that's a big security risk (and that's why MS doesn't allow that anymore). But I might be mistaken, maybe a KOffice dev can explain/tell more about this. Superstoned is right; in ODF we force a strict separation of document and application (and a macro is an application). You have a huge set of formulas and other features available to you in a spreadsheet document, but you will not have features like downloading or printing or even for loops. It would be good to know what kind of things you need to do in your macro so we can find a good (and secure) solution for them. If you can give exact and specific examples of actions taken, that would be nice to know :) Maybe we can distinguish between "document level" operating macros and "system level" operating macros. The first one cannot manipulate files and directories, nor connecting arbitrarily to any outer source (DBs, net resources, other files, websites..), while the second does. In the first case you can release the macro embedded in the document and, as far as i see it, the language can be standardized (for example in a spreadsheet it should perform only operations in cells, creating new sheets and so on..). As a matter of security, i think that (simply) a document, even with embedded macros, can be forced to start with disabled macros. What do you think about it? By Sergio T. at Thu, 2007/06/07 - 5:00am what about kooka? Wouldn't it be nice to save a scanned image in Kooka (with OCR) to ODF? That would be amazing. Re: what about kooka? yeah, that's an idea. And the Krita ppl are also working on a new rasterpicture standard, so you could have both the OCR-ed text AND the picture in one document, I think. PDF supports something like that, I believe, but that's not editable of course. No need for OpenRaster to have both OCR and the pixture in one document (and honestly it would be the worse usuage of it), you can embed a png in an odt, and that would be perfect for that job. OpenRaster is only usefull if you have multiple layer (either image or effect layers) and after scanning you only have one layer. By Cyrille Berger at Tue, 2007/05/15 - 5:00am There are formats better suited for scanned images than PNG. the DejaVu (DJV) file format does a good job at this. And there's a use for OCR + image: you may want to search text, specially in multi-page documents, but keep the typography (which you may not have the right to distribute), layout, pictures... and keep in mind that OCR is not perfect. By Daniel G at Tue, 2007/05/15 - 5:00am Sure there is use for OCR + image, that's what you get with ODT :) And I do believe that as soon as OCR is involved a text centric format is much more usefull than a graphic format. This is exactly the type of things I was looking for when I proposed the ODF library: applications that I would never have thought of myself. No matter how smart we (the koffice devs) are, we can never think of all the use cases ourselves. If we create the library, the applications will come! By Inge Wallin at Tue, 2007/05/15 - 5:00am Cooperation is important! like already some said here, I think that it is very important to integrate a real standard. Many Windowsuser already use OpenOffice. It must be sure, that every KOffice document can read by OpenOffice and every OpenOffice Document by KOffice. Differences are dangerous for the stability of OpenSource standards. Start to cooperate with Sun and the AbiWord developers to create a documentformat that you can use with all these programms and on every platform! By ubuntuuser at Tue, 2007/05/15 - 5:00am Re: Cooperation is important! odf is the format! By Andre at Wed, 2007/05/16 - 5:00am	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line1082
__label__wiki	0.934199	0.934199	Go directly to main content Go to main menu Go to homepage DoubleDouble Passion. Day & Night. Film Animation Home Contact About Recruitment campaign for KPMG Passion. It’s a force that drives everyone in one way or another. To find young talent that resonates with this sentiment, KPMG asked us to produce a recruitment film for new graduates. The positive, dynamic and vibrant message shows that passion can take many forms. By day and by night. And KPMG understands that. The story we wanted to tell Passion is the thread running through the film: it’s the powerful force that pushes young people to pursue their personal dreams. By joining KPMG, this same force can drive their professional lives. We created a dramatic narrative intertwining the passions of four young people to an accelerating soundtrack. We created the soundtrack by revising and adapting a piece of classical music to incorporate the drumming of one of the characters in the film. The sound design was a challenge because it was so integral to the narrative and played a key role in the intensity of the film. We wanted to make a film that would get noticed. We didn’t want to be categorical, saying: ‘this is what your role will be at KPMG’, but rather to say, ‘look - these are our young recruits, they are dynamic and passionate people. Julie, Account Manager. We wanted to film people who really did follow their passion, so most of the cast had no prior acting experience. To be as realistic as possible, we filmed each character demonstrating their specialty in a specific visual setting. We used natural lighting for the outside shots and studio backdrops for the dancer and drummer to accentuate this authenticity. Editing was crucial in making this film. We wanted to create a narrative rhythm generated by real sounds, sounds synchronised with the images: the sound of ballet slippers skimming the floor, the brush of the horse’s mare, the jogger’s breathing – all audio details that allowed us to build up the narrative. We also wanted to create a sense of suspense that would keep the viewer guessing till the end. This film is a valuable recruitment tool for KPMG . It is used in all relevant campaigns, is widely shown on social media and accompanies any job vacancies posted online. Rue des Chartreux 19 Kartuizersstraat 19 See on the maps Want your story to be told? Visit our Facebook page ! Latest news and backstage on Instagram ! Visit our twitter page ! View our last creations on Dribbble ! Check out our latest video on Vimeo ! Connect with us on LinkedIn ! Made by Walking Men Film Animation Contact About Design by Walking Men	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line1083
__label__wiki	0.607036	0.607036	January 29, 2017 January 3, 2020 dreddymd Dark field live blood Microscopy course online, Gut and Digestive Health, Gut Flora, Health Gut Health 101: What Is the Microbiome? Source: Gut Health 101: What Is the Microbiome? The human body is a complex, interconnected ecosystem and the gut is where your body interacts the most with the outside world. Your gut acts acts as the frontline of your immune system, as it is constantly exposed to new microbes and molecules that come from the things you eat and drink. The processes that take place in the gut are involved in the central nervous system, brain, and even influence your mood. But you can’t begin a discussion about the gut’s importance without discussing the organisms that live there. The collection of microbes that live in and on the human body is known as the microbiota.[1] The microbiome refers to the complete set of genes within these microbes. Microbial genes significantly influence how the body operates and even outnumber human genes by a ratio of 100:1.[2] Each of us has a unique microbiota and a unique microbiome. The microbes that live in your body are determined by what you’re exposed to and these colonies are constantly in flux. Geography, health status, stress, diet, age, gender, and everything you touch all affect the composition of your microbiota.[3] Public Health, Germ Theory, and the Microbiome Scientists have known about microorganisms for hundreds of years. In 1673, Antony van Leeuwenhoek wrote to the Royal Society of London about his discovery of tiny “animalcules” with the use of his “microscopes.” Leeuwenhoek found microbes almost everywhere he looked,[4] but the discovery was largely ignored until the 1870s when their role in the cause and spread of disease was observed. Previously, doctors believed that bad air caused disease. Robert Koch proved that tiny microorganisms were responsible. His discovery solidified the validity of germ theory—the idea that certain microbes cause specific diseases.[5] Germ theory created a scientific rationale for cleanliness that became the precursor to it becoming a moral and social imperative. People began bathing daily. Soap, once considered a luxury, became a basic household necessity. Doctors and surgeons started washing their hands and sanitizing their instruments.[6] New laws led to public health initiatives that limited the spread of disease and saved lives.[6] Until recently, scientists focused almost solely on how pathogenic microbes negatively affect humans. There has since been a realization that some microorganisms are actually beneficial to human health.[7] More attention is now given to the microbiome and its role in health and immunity.[8] Launched in 2008, The Human Microbiome Project (HMP) was created to better understand the relationship between health, disease, and the microbiome.[9] The Makeup of the Microbiome The microbiota is comprised of a dizzying number of microorganisms. Bacteria make up the bulk—about 30-50 trillion cells.[10] The human body itself contains about 37 trillion human cells.[11] It may be disconcerting to think of yourself as mostly microbial cells, but, by weight, you’re definitely mostly human as microbial cells are significantly smaller than human cells. Bacterial cells range from 0.2-10 microns (micrometers) across; human cells range from 10-100 microns.[12] For reference, the average dust mite, which is microscopic, is 200-300 microns wide. If you’ve seen the oft-quoted 10:1 ratio (10 microbes to 1 human cell), you might be surprised to learn that it was actually just an estimate that circulated throughout academic and scientific resources as fact. It is now regarded as academic urban legend.[13] It’s believed that humans carry about three pounds of bacteria in their intestines.[14]Everyone’s individual microbiome is as unique as their fingerprint and comprised of hundreds of different types of bacteria.[15] The specific number of bacteria cells varies throughout the day and is always turning over.[16] Although bacteria account for most of the mass of the microbiota, viruses are actually the most abundant inhabitants.[8, 17] We tend to think of viruses as harmful, but that’s not always the case. The viruses found in the gut are primarily bacteriophages, meaning that they infect gut bacteria cells but they don’t necessarily harm them. Rather, they have a symbiotic relationship. Viruses can quickly transfer genes—beneficial genes. So, if new bacteria are introduced to your gut, either through diet or probiotics, the viral cells can help the bacteria thrive by transferring the genetic code.[18] The Role of the Human Microbiota The role of the microbiome is so central to the body’s operations that it essentially acts as an organ.[18] The microbiome impacts aging, digestion, the immune system, mood, and cognitive function. Some of the bacteria in the gut produce enzymes that support digestion, especially the digestion of polysaccharides—healthy and complex sugars found in plant foods.[19] These bacteria also provide B vitamins, vitamin K, and short chain fatty acids. The microbiota also influences metabolic rate.[20] A strong microbiome is the foundation of your immune system. When you were born, your gut was a clean slate, ready to learn.[21] Exposure to microbes provides the education that trains the immune system how to respond to different organisms. In this way, the immune system mediates the relationship between the body and the microbes it hosts.[21] Harmful organisms are dealt with, helpful organisms exist in harmony and contribute to good health overall.[22] Research has also revealed the important role the microbiome has on mental health. There is a complex relationship between the gut and brain, called the gut-brain axis (GBA). The microbiota interacts with the central nervous system to regulate brain chemistry and mediate stress response, anxiety, and memory.[23] How Is the Human Microbiota Formed? It’s generally agreed that the human body is first exposed to microbes during birth.[18, 24] The makeup of the mother’s vaginal microbiota changes during pregnancy and is extremely influential.[25]Babies born vaginally are colonized primarily by the Lactobacillus genus of bacteria. Newborns delivered by Caesarean section are exposed to skin microbes such as Staphylococcus, Corynebacterium, and Propionibacterium.[26] Whether the baby was born at home or the hospital can also affect the composition of the baby’s microbiota.[3] As babies grow, their microbiome will change. In the first few months of life, the body is colonized by relatively few species of microbes—only about 100. By the age of 3, a child’s microbiota possesses closer to 1000 species of microbes and begins to resemble the microbiota of an adult. Puberty and, much later, menopause are two other life events that can significantly change the composition of the microbiota.[3] The Bacteria in Your Gut Microbiome Microbiome composition may vary throughout the intestines; most are concentrated in the large intestine. The bacteria in the average adult gut include Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Bacteroides, Clostridium, Escherichia, Streptococcus, and Ruminococcus. Not only will diet influence the microbial composition of the microbiota, the microbiota influences the nutritional value of food.[27] Though specific bacteria vary, they share many of the same genes.[28] Humans do not have the ability to produce the enzymes required to break down complicated nutrients. However, gut bacteria do have that ability and it’s absolutely essential for proper digestion. Bacteria enable us to eat a diverse diet and receive a broad range of micronutrients and phytonutrients.[29] Supporting the Microbiome Your microbiome is constantly changing.[1] You rely on your microbiome for many processes, including digestion and immune system function; the stronger it is, the better off you’ll be. To positively shape your microbiome, eat a diverse diet rich in complex carbohydrates and fiber.[30] Probiotic supplements can also help strengthen the microbiota. Choosing the best probiotic supplement is a whole other subject but, bottom line, the best probiotic supplements contain an assortment of probiotic strains and prebiotics. Prebiotics are food that help probiotics flourish. I personally recommend FloraTrex™. It contains 23 different live, active probiotic strains that support digestive health, mood, and promote a balanced microbiota; it provides prebiotics, too. Have you tried probiotic supplements? Tell us about your experience in the comments! Ursell, Luke K, et al. “Defining the Human Microbiome.” 70.Suppl 1 (n.d.): n.pag. Web. 26 Oct. 2016. “The Human Microbiome.” Utah.edu. n.d. Web. 26 Oct. 2016. “Your Changing Microbiome.” n.d. Web. 26 Oct. 2016. “Antony van Leeuwenhoek.” Berkeley.edu. n.d. Web. 26 Oct. 2016. Fellows of Harvard. “Contagion, Germ Theory.” Harvard.edu. 2016. Web. 26 Oct. 2016. Blanch, Andrea K, David L Shern, and Beauregard N Street. Implementing the New “ Germ ” Theory for the Public’s Health. 2011. Web. 26 Oct. 2016. Cho, Ilseung, and Martin J Blaser. “The Human Microbiome: At the Interface of Health and Disease.” Nature Reviews Genetics 13.4 (2012): 260–270. Web. 26 Oct. 2016. Saey, Tina Hesman. “The Vast Virome.” Microbes,Ecosystems,Health. Science News, 18 Oct. 2016. Web. 26 Oct. 2016. Peterson, Jane, et al. “The NIH Human Microbiome Project.” 19.12 (2009): n.pag. Web. 26 Oct. 2016. Sender, Ron, et al. “Revised Estimates for the Number of Human and Bacteria Cells in the Body.” New Results (2016): 36103. Web. 26 Oct. 2016. Bianconi, Eva, et al. “An estimation of the number of cells in the human body.” Annals of Human Biology 40.6 (2013): 463–471. Web. “Size Comparisons of Bacteria, Amoeba, Animal & Plant Cells.” Google+, 2016. Web. 26 Oct. 2016. Photograph, and Ian Cuming. “How Many Cells Are in the Human Body—and How Many Are Microbes?” News. National Geographic News, 13 Jan. 2016. Web. 26 Oct. 2016. Jo Napolitano. “Exploring the role of gut bacteria in digestion” 19 Aug. 2010. Web. 26 Oct. 2016. Saey, Tina Hesman. “Everyone Poops His or Her Own Viruses.” Body & Brain. Science News, 23 Sept. 2013. Web. 26 Oct. 2016. Saey, Tina Hesman. “Body’s Bacteria Don’t Outnumber Human Cells so Much After All.” Microbiology, Physiology. Science News, 6 Mar. 2016. Web. 26 Oct. 2016. Milliken, Grennan. ARE VIRUSES ALIVE? NEW EVIDENCE SAYS YES. Popular Science, n.d. Web. 26 Oct. 2016. Neu, Josef, and Jona Rushing. “Cesarean Versus Vaginal Delivery: Long Term Infant Outcomes and the Hygiene Hypothesis.” 38.2 (n.d.): n.pag. Web. 26 Oct. 2016. “Exploring the role of gut bacteria in digestion.” 19 Aug. 2010. Web. 26 Oct. 2016. Ramakrishna, BS. “Role of the Gut Microbiota in Human Nutrition and Metabolism.” Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology. 28. (2013): 9–17. Web. 26 Oct. 2016. Belkaid, Yasmine, and Timothy Hand. “Role of the Microbiota in Immunity and Inflammation.” 157.1 (2014): n.pag. Web. 26 Oct. 2016. Carabotti, Marilia, et al. “The Gut-Brain Axis: Interactions Between Enteric Microbiota, Central and Enteric Nervous Systems.”Central and Enteric Nervous Systems.” 28.2 (2015): n.pag. Web. 26 Oct. 2016. Mueller, Noel T., et al. “The Infant Microbiome Development: Mom Matters.” 21.2 (2014): n.pag. Web. 26 Oct. 2016. MacIntyre, David A., et al. “The Vaginal Microbiome During Pregnancy and the Postpartum Period in a European Population.” 5. (2015): n.pag. Web. 26 Oct. 2016. Dominguez-Bello, MG, et al. “Delivery Mode Shapes the Acquisition and Structure of the Initial Microbiota Across Multiple Body Habitats in Newborns.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 107.26 (2010): 11971–5. Web. 26 Oct. 2016. Kau, Andrew, et al. “Human Nutrition, the Gut Microbiome, and Immune System: Envisioning the Future.” Nature (2011): 327–226. Web. 3 Nov. 2016. Conlon, Michael A., and Anthony R. Bird. “The Impact of Diet and Lifestyle on Gut Microbiota and Human Health.” 7.1 (2014): n.pag. Web. 26 Oct. 2016. Bäckhed, F, et al. “The Gut Microbiota as an Environmental Factor That Regulates Fat Storage.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 101.44 (2004): 15718–23. Web. 26 Oct. 2016. Filippo, De, et al. “Impact of Diet in Shaping Gut Microbiota Revealed by a Comparative Study in Children from Europe and Rural Africa.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 107.33 (2010): 14691–6. Web. 26 Oct. 2016 Enterococcus faecium: A Healthy Probiotic Strain How Alcohol Affects the Gut Microbiome SIBO: All You Need to Know About Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth Tagged Gut and Digestive Health, Gut Flora, Health, live blood analysis, live blood analysis course 24 thoughts on “Gut Health 101: What Is the Microbiome?” Pingback: Are Harmful Gut Organisms Negatively Impacting Your Health? – Dr. Eddy Bettermann MD Pingback: How Alcohol Affects the Gut Microbiome – Dr. Eddy Bettermann MD Pingback: What Is Leaky Gut? 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I am so sick which sends my stress levels through the roof. I’m reaching out wherever I can for help. Leave a Reply to Kerry Hill Cancel reply Prebiotic vs Probiotic – What’s the Difference? 10 Natural Remedies for Yeast Infections Quick, Simple No-Bake Vegan Recipes! What Is Vitamin B-12? The Benefits of Zinc Orotates	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line1089
__label__wiki	0.508231	0.508231	Home » Missouri -- Carthage (x) » Hunt, Leigh, 1784-1859 (x) » Bocchi, Achille (x) » World War (1939-1945) (x) » 1700-1709 (x) » 1880-1889 (x) » 1911 (x) » Moll, Herman, d. 1732 (x) Middle East (1) + - Northwest Germany and the Netherlands (1711) Engraved Map of Northwest Germany and the Netherlands. This was published in 1711. The map shows Principalities, Dutchies, Bishopricks, Counties, Abbeys, Archbishopricks, and Universities as well as rivers. Cities appearing on this map include: Belgium: Ostend, Antwerp, Huy, Lyege (Liège), Bastonge (Bastogne), la Roche (La Roche-en-Ardenne), and Limburg (Limbourg). Netherlands: Middelburg, Bergen op zoom (Bergen op Zoom), Breda, Bolduc (?), Briel (Brielle), Rotterdam, Goude (Gouda), Delft, The Hague, Utrecht, Leyden (Leiden), Haerlem (Haarlem), Amsterdam, Edam, Hoorn, Alckmar (Alkmaar), Naerden (Naarden), Enckhuysen (Enkhuizen), Medenblik (Medemblik), Amersfort (Amersfoort), Harderwyk (Harderwijk), Campen (Kampen), Zwoll (Zwolle), Staveren (Stavoren), Hindelopen (Hindeloopen), Bolswert (Bolsward), Harlingen, Franeker, Leeuwarden, Dockum (Dokkum), Groningen, Dam (Appingedam), Maestricht (Maastricht), Roermont (Roermond), Venlo, Gennep, Grave, Schenken (?), Nimmegen (Nijmegen), Doesburg, Zutphen, Deventer, Grol (Groenlo), Oldensael (Oldenzaal), Coevorden, and Bourtanger Fort (Fort Bourtange/Bourtange). Germany: Dalen (?), Erkelens (Erkelenz), Iuliers (Jülich), Aken (Aachen), Duren (Düren), Kempen, Meurs (Moers), Wachtendonk, Rhynberk (Rheinberg), Gelder (Geldern), Santen (Xanten), Goch, Francfort (Frankfurt), Mentz (Mainz), Nassow (Nassau), Westslar (Wetzlar), Solms, Gisen (Giessen), Marpurg (Marburg), Witgenstein (?), Gemund (Gemünden), Treves (Trier), Reifercheid (?), Coblentz (Koblenz), Brisich (Bad Breisig), Lintz (Linz am Rhein), Sinsich (Sinzig), Arensberg (Aremberg), Bonn, Neustat (?), Homberg (?), Siegberg (Siegburg), Blankenberg (Stadt Blankenberg), Sigen (Siegen), Bruyl (Brühl), Duytz (Deutz, part of Cologne), Cologne, Solinge (Solingen), Elvervelt (Elberfeld, part of Wuppertal), Lennep (Lennep, a borough of Remscheid), Wipporfu (Wipperfürth), Sons (Zons, part of Dormagen), Dusseldorp (Düsseldorf), Nuys (Neuss), Caster (Kaster), Lechnich (Lechenich), Eyskirchen (Euskirchen), Keysersw (Kaiserswerth, part of Düsseldorf), Ordingen (Uerdingen, part of Krefeld), Duysburg (Duisburg), Styrom (Styrum), Essen, Werden (Werden, borough of Essen), Steil (Steele), Hattingen, Iserlo (Iserlohn), Plettenborg (Plettenberg), Attedorn (Attendorn), Bilstein, Oldendor (?), Arnsberg, Beelik (Belecke), Meschede, Brilen (Brilon), Dortmund, Holt (Holten), Orsoy (Orsoy, district of Rheinberg), Burick (?), Wesel, Dorsten, Reclinghuse (Recklinghausen), Halteren (Haltern am See), Dulmen (Dülmen), Lumen (Lünen), Werne, Unna, Ham (Hamm), Werle (Werl), Stormberg (Stromberg, a quarter of Oelde), Soest, Lippe (Lippstadt), Gesecke (Geseke), Nienhuys (?), Paderborn, Buren (Büren), Ringelberg (Ringenberg), Rees, Calcar (Kalkar), Cleef (Kleve), Emmerick (Emmerich am Rhein), Craneborg (Kranenburg), Boecholt (Bocholt), Gemen (?), Vreeden (Vreden), Koesfelt (Coesfeld), Nyenhuys (Neuenhaus), Northorn (Nordhorn), Schuttorp (Schüttorf), Benthem (Bad Bentheim), Stenfort (Steinfurt), Nienborg, Emden, Remds, Aurick (Aurich), Norden, Esens, Iever (Jever), Kniphuysen (?), Fredeberg (Friedeburg), Nienburg (Neuenburg), Ovelgune (Ovelgönne), Langwarde (?), Leeroort (Leer), Stickhusen (?), Apen, Frisoit (Friesoythe), Kloppenborg (Cloppenburg), Rheide (Rhede), Asenhuys (?), Landegge, Meppen, Haselune (Haselünne), Quakenbrugge (Quakenbrück), Vechte (Vechta), Vorde (Neuenkirchen-Vörden), Osnabrug (Osnabrück), Melle, Tekelenburg (Tecklenburg), Lingen, Rhene (Rheine), Munster (Münster), Drenstevort (Drensteinfurt), Telligt (Telgte), Warendorp (Warendorf), Ravensberg (?), Bilefelt (Bielefeld), Rheda, Ritberg (Rietberg) Carlstat (?), Santstede (Sandstedt), Oldenburg, Wildhusen (Wildeshausen), Diepholt (Diepholz), Louvorden (?), Hamelen (?), Limburg (?), Ottersberg, Ratzemburg (?), Delmenhorst, Bremen, Ferden (Verden an der Aller), Rettem (Rethem), Walsrode, Soltau, Alden (Ahlden), Winsen (Winsen an der Aller), Zell (Celle), Burgdorf, Peine, Eschede, Isenhage (Isenhagen), Witting (Wittingen), Brome, Gyffhorn (Gifhorn), Meitersen (Meinersen), Konigsutt (Königslutter), Brunswick (Braunschweig), Wolfenbutel (Wolfenbüttel), Hornberg (Hornburg), Osterwick (Osterwieck), Goslar, Osteroda (Osterode am Harz), Neustat (Neustadt am Rübenberge), Wunsdorf (Wunstorf), Saxenhagen (Sachsenhagen), Hannover (Hanover), Stathagen (Stadthagen), Clopenbruge (Coppenbrügge), Hildesheim, Ganderheim (Bad Gandersheim), Calimburg (?), Grunow (Gronau), Spigelberg (?), Eimbecke (Einbeck), Hartzberg (Herzberg am Harz), Duderstat (Duderstadt), Grubenhage (?), Hardexen (Hardegsen), Northeim, Gottingen (Göttingen), Heyligenstat (Heilbad Heiligenstadt), Hoye (Hoya), Nyenburg (Nienburg), Rheburg (Rehburg-Loccum), Barenber (Barenburg), Stoltenow (Stolzenau), Peterhagen (Petershagen), Minden, Herwirden (?), Lemgow (Lemgo), Dietmelle (Detmold), Volthauve (?), Rintele (Rinteln), Lude (Lügde), Steinheim, Hamelen (Hamelin), Bodenwerder, Corvy (Imperial Abbey of Corvey), Hoxer (Höxter), Brakel, Dringelberg (?), Geysmar (Hofgeismar), Zirenberg (Zierenberg), Warburg, Landau, Stadperg (?), Corbach (Korbach), Munden (Hannoversch Münden), Witzenhause (Witzenhausen), Allendorf (Bad Sooden-Allendorf), Eswegen (Eschwege), Suntra (Sontra), Cassel (Kassel), Godesberg (Gudensberg), Spangeberg (Spangenberg), Rodeburg (Rotenburg an der Fulda), Hirschfeld (Bad Hersfeld), Hunfeld (Hünfeld), Fuld (Fulda), Homberg, Zigenheim (Schwalmstadt), Asfeld (Alsfeld), Fritzlar, Waldeck, Medenbach (Medebach), Battenberg, Reineck (Rieneck), Hamelburg (Hammelburg), Bamberg, Weringen (Wernigerode), Halberstat (Halberstadt), Magdeburg, Calforde (Calvörde), Domitz (Dömitz), Dannebar (Dannenberg), Dalenberg (Dahlenburg), Ratzeburg, Lawenburg (Lauenburg), Winsen, Bardewick (Bardowick), Lunenburg (Lüneburg), Ebsdorp (Ebstorf), Altenstad (?), Ultzen (Uelzen), Harborg (Harburg, a borough of Hamburg), Hamburg, Buxtehude, Stade, Althona (Altona, a borough of Hamburg), Pinnenberg (Pinneberg), Stormar (?), Bremerforde (Bremervörde), Nyenhuys (Neuhaus), Hadler (?), Rutzenbuttel (?), Geluckstad (Glückstadt), Wylster (Wilstermarsch), Itzehoe, Newminster (Neumünster), Bramstede (Bad Bramstedt), Meldorp (Meldorf), Ditmarch (?), Lunden, Tonningen (Tönning), Frederikstat (Friedrichstadt), Rendsburg, Kiell (Kiel), Cristianpris (Christianpris), Lutkeborg (Lütjenburg), Ploen (Plön), Eutyn (Eutin), Hilligehaven (Heiligenhafen), Borg (Burg auf Fehmarn), Oldenborg (Oldenburg in Holstein), Cismar, Newstadt (Neustadt in Holstein), Travemund (Travemünde, a borough of Lübeck), Lubeck (Lübeck), Oldesloh (Bad Oldesloe), Segeberg (Bad Segeberg), and Wismar. In the lower left of the map, it says in English: The North West Part of Germany containing ye Dominions of ye Arch. (Archbishoprick) and El. (Electorate) of Cologne, Westphalia (vita the D (Dutchy)s of Iuliers, Cleves, & ye B (Bishoprick)s of Munster, Osnabruge & ye C (County) of Emden& ye D (Dutchy)s of Holstein and Bremen, the D (Dutchy) and Elec (Electorate) of Hannover with all ye Ter (Territory) of ye House of Lunenburg & Brunswick & and ye Ter (Territory) of ye Landgr (Landgrants) of Hesse Cassel. By H. Moll Geographer. Herman Moll, the cartographer, was a Dutchman bookseller, geographer and engraver. Around 1678 he moved to London where for a while he continued as an engraver. Later, he started his own businesses a map publisher and by the turn of the century had become the most prominent map publisher in the country. He published atlases and loose maps of all parts of the world many of which were highly decorative. In 1724 he published his 'New Description of England and Wales', an atlas of the English and Welsh Counties. He had many interesting friends including Daniel Defoe, Jonathan Swift (for whom he provided maps for Robinson Crusoe and Gulliver's Travels), explorers William Damier and Woodes Rogers, and the scientist Robert Hooke. Imperium Persicum tempore Cyri Magni (1739): Control at the time of Cyrus the Great, the Persian Gulf Detailed copper engraved historic map showing the extension of the Persian Empire under Cyrus the Great. The map depicts modern-day Turkey, Cyprus, Greece, Crimean Peninsula, Ukraine, Syria, Lebanon, Israel, Armenia, Egypt, Arabian Peninsula, Iran, Iraq, and Northwestern India. The map is filled with a lot of geographical details concerning place names in Latin, Rivers, Lakes, Mountains, and Islands. The title is inside a simple cartouche. Citeis, Regions, Rivers, and Islands shown are: Europa (Europe), Tanais F. (Don River, Russia), Palus Maeotis (Sea of Azov or Maeotian Marshes/Maeotian Lake, Ukraine/Russia), Scythia, Ister F. (Danube River, Europe), Rha F. (Volga River, Russia), Illiricum (Roman Province of Modern-Day Albania, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro and Serbia), Thracia (Roman Province of Modern-Day Bulgaria, Greece, and Turkey), Macedonia, Graecia (Greece), Epirus (Modern-Day parts of Albania and Greece), Asia Minor (Turkey), Phrygia (Turkey) Aegeum Mare (Aegean Sea), Caystrus F., Cuma (Cyme), Larissa (Ancient city destroyed in 279 BC), Sardes (Sart), Paetolus F., Caria, Lycia (Modern-Day parts of Antalya and Muğla), Pamphylia (Modern-Day Antalya), Cilicia, Piteria (Pteria ancient capital of the Assyrians destroyed in 547 BC), Paphalagonia, Cappadocia (Nevşehir), Halis F. (Kızılırmak River), Caucasus M. (Caucasus Mountains), Colchis, Phasis F. (Rioni River), Albania (Part of Modern-Day Azerbaijan and Dagestan), Armenia, Creta (Crete), Mare Mediterraneum (Mediterranean Sea), Libya, Barce (Marj), Cyrene (Ancient City destroyed by an Earthquake in 365 AD), Aegyptus (Egypt), Nilus F. (Nile River), Africa, Cyprus, Syria, Phoenice, Sinus Arabicus (Red Sea), Taurus M. (Taurus Mountains), Tigris F. (Tigris River), Euphrates F. (Euphrates River), Assyria (Northern Iraq, Northeast Syria, and Southeastern Turkey), Ninus (Nineveh), Mesopotamia (Iraq, Kuwait, Northeastern Syria, Southeastern Turkey, and Southwestern Iran), Babylon (Hillah), Babylonia (Iraq), Chaldaea, Arabia, Araxes F. (Aras River), Cadusci, Media (Northwestern Iran), Ecbatana (Hamedan), Susa (Shush), Susiana (Elam in West and Southwest Iran), Sinus Persicus (Persian Gulf), Persia (Iran), Persepolis, Cissii, Hyrcania (Parts of Modern-Day Northern Iran and Turkmenistan), Parthia (Northeastern Iran), Asia, Mardi, Carmania Deserta, Carmania (Kerman Province, Iran), Mare Erythraeum (Erythraean Sea), Gedrosia (Balochistan), Indus F. (Indus River), India, Arachosia (Modern-Day Southern Afghanistan and Pakistan), Aria (Northwest Afghanistan), Drangiana (Modern-Day Iran, Afghanistan, and Pakistan), Parapamisus, Bactriana (Northern Afghanistan), Mare Caspium (Caspian Sea), Caspii, Iaxartes F. (Syr Darya River), Sacae, Sogdiana (Tajikistan and Uzbekistan), Margiana (Afghanistan and Turkmenistan), and Oxus F. (Amu Darya River) The source publication is: Geographia antique, Latinorum et Graecorum, tabulis XXXII novis & accuratis expressa, translated: Thirty-two new and accurate maps of the geography of the ancients, as contained in the Greek and Latin Classics. It was printed and sold in 1739 in London by Thomas Bowles. Herman Moll was a Dutchman bookseller, geographer and engraver. Around 1678 he moved to London where for a while he continued as an engraver. Later, he started his own businesses a map publisher and by the turn of the century had become the most prominent map publisher in the country. He published atlases and loose maps of all parts of the world many of which were highly decorative. In 1724 he published his 'New Description of England and Wales', an atlas of the English and Welsh Counties. He had many interesting friends including Daniel Defoe, Jonathan Swift (for whom he provided maps for Robinson Crusoe and Gulliver's Travels), explorers William Damier and Woodes Rogers, and the scientist Robert Hooke.	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line1090
__label__wiki	0.582558	0.582558	Utah System of Higher Education. R401, Approval of New Programs, Program Changes, Discontinued Programs, and Program Reports Download "Utah System of Higher Education. R401, Approval of New Programs, Program Changes, Discontinued Programs, and Program Reports" Alexandrina Gertrude Burns 1 Utah System of Higher Education R401, Approval of New Programs, Program Changes, Discontinued Programs, and Program Reports Approved on July 19, 2013 Page 1 of 39 2 R401, Table of Contents Preamble... 4 R Purpose R References... 4 R Definitions... 5 R Regents Approval, Agenda Program Items Requiring Regents Approval Associate of Applied Science (AAS) Degrees (Full Template Required, Appendix B) Associate of Arts (AA) and Associate of Science (AS) Degrees (Full Template Required, Appendix B) Specialized Associate s Degrees (Full Template Required, Appendix B) Bachelor of Arts (BA), Bachelor of Science (BS), and Professional Bachelor s Degrees (Full Template Required, Appendix B) K-12 School Personnel Programs (Full Template Required, Appendix B) Master s Degrees (Full Template Required, Appendix B) Doctoral Degrees (Full Template Required, Appendix B) Review Procedure for Program Items Requiring Regent Approval, Agenda Not Fast Track Review and Approval by the Institutional Board of Trustees Review by Specialized Groups Institutional Submission of Request to the OCHE Review by the Commissioner s Staff Review by Council of Chief Academic Officers (CAOs) Review by Program Review Committee (PRC) Consideration by Board of Regents R Review and Recommendation by the OCHE with Regent Approval on the General Consent Calendar Minors and Emphases Minor (Abbreviated Template required, including the curriculum, Appendix G) Emphasis Certificates Certificate of Proficiency (Abbreviated Template Required with Curriculum, Appendix G) Certificate of Completion (Full Template Required, Appendix B) Graduate Certificate (Abbreviated Template Required with Curriculum, Appendix G) Fast Track Approval for Certificates (Template Required Consistent with Certificate Type as Noted in and ) Review Procedure for Fast Track Certificate Requests Eligible Programs for Fast Track Approval (Template Required Consistent with Certificate Type as Noted in and ). C Fast Track Approval Requirements and Process Administrative Unit Creation or Change Creation, Transfer, Restructuring, or Consolidation of Existing Administrative Units (Abbreviated Template Required, Appendix G) Page 2 of 39 3 Conditional Three-Year Approval for New Centers, Institutes, or Bureaus (Abbreviated Template Required, Appendix G) New Centers, Institutes, or Bureaus (Abbreviated Template Required, Appendix G) Program Change Out-of-Service-Area Delivery of Programs (Abbreviated Template Required, Appendix G) Transfer, Restructuring, or Consolidation of Existing Programs (Abbreviated Template Required, Appendix G) Name Changes of Existing Programs (Abbreviated Template Required, Appendix G) Discontinuation or Suspension of Programs (Abbreviated Template Required, Appendix G) Reinstatement of Previously Suspended Program or Administrative Unit (Abbreviated Proposal Template Required, Appendix G) Review Process for Program Items Requiring the OCHE Review and Recommendation with Regent Approval on the General Consent Calendar Three-Year Follow-up Reports on Approved Programs (New Programs Follow-up Report Template Required, Appendix D) Two-Year Review of Programs Approved through the Fast Track Procedure (Report Template Required, Appendix D Review and Approval by Institutional Board of Trustees Institution Submits Request to the OCHE OCHE Staff Review CAO Review (optional, necessity determined by the OCHE staff) OCHE Notice to the Institution of Need for Further Information or Approval OCHE Staff Places Item on the Regents General Consent Calendar for approval Reinstatement of Previously Suspended Program or Administrative Unit (Abbreviated Proposal Template Required, Appendix G) Reports Cyclical Institutional Program Reviews List of Scheduled Program Reviews Programs under Development or Consideration (Appendix H) R Proposal and Notification Submission Procedures Proposal Templates Classification of Instructional Program (CIP) Codes Proposal Style Appendix A: Flow Chart for Regent s Approval, Agenda Appendix B: Full Template Appendix C: General Studies Guidelines Appendix D: Follow-Up Report Template Appendix E: Flow Chart for the OCHE Approval Appendix F: Flow Chart for Fast Track Approval Appendix G: Abbreviated Template Appendix H: Programs under Development or Consideration Template Page 3 of 39 4 R401, Approval of New Programs, Program Changes, Discontinued Programs, and Program Reports 1 Preamble 2 : Academic programs are at the center of the educational mission of Utah s state colleges and universities, and the pursuit of knowledge is the driving consideration for the students served. Additionally, the Board of Regents (Regents) and the Utah System of Higher Education (USHE) universities and colleges are committed to providing students with a range of degrees and other credentials that are appropriate to the respective missions of Utah institutions and that meet, if not exceed, national standards. The procedure of degree approval is rigorous. The idea for a new degree comes from faculty responding to changes in a specific field, accreditation standards, student demand, or market forces. Before academic programs are sent to the Regents for review, they undergo careful scrutiny by academic departments, college or division committees, academic senates, executive officers, and institutional boards of trustees. Thus, institutional and Regents reviews hold academic programs to high standards of quality and assure that graduates who earn these degrees and credentials are prepared to live successfully in and contribute to the welfare of the State and its citizens. R Purpose. To provide guidelines and procedures for Regents approval and notification of new programs and programmatic and administrative changes in academic and Career and Technical Education (CTE) programs. Additionally, this policy includes notification of discontinued programs and other programrelated items that institutions shall provide to the Commissioner of Higher Education. R References Utah Code 53B , Changes in Curriculum 2.2. Policy and Procedures R220, Delegation of Responsibilities to the President and Board of Trustees 2.3. Policy and Procedures R312, Configuration of the Utah System of Higher Education and Institutional Missions and Roles 2.4. Policy and Procedures R315, Service Area Designations and Coordination of Off-Campus Courses and Programs 2.5. Policy and Procedures R , Education Television and Communications Networking 2.6. Policy and Procedures R411, Cyclical Institutional Program Reviews 1 Approved November 7, 1972; amended September 25, 1973, February 21, 1984, April 27, 1990 and revised and combined with R402 October 27, [R402 was approved September 10, 1971, amended November 18, 1980, July 19, 1983, March 20, 1984, September 12, 1986, August 7, 1987, October 26, 1990, April 16, 1993, January 21, 1994, May 1, 1997, May 29, 1998, and revised and combined with R401 October 27, 2000.] R401 amended June 1, 2001, November 8, 2002, May 30, 2003, May 30, 2003, October 19, 2004, December 14, 2007, April 1, 2010, November 18, 2011, November 16, 2012, and July 19, The Preamble was adopted by the Chief Academic Officers of the Utah System of Higher Education in September Page 4 of 39 5 2.7. Policy and Procedures R430, Continuing Education/Community Service 2.8. Policy and Procedures R470, General Education, Common Course Numbering, Lower- Division Pre-Major Requirements, Transfer of Credits, and Credit by Examination 2.9. Policy and Procedure R481, Academic Freedom, Professional Responsibility, Tenure, Termination, and Post-Tenure Review Policy and Procedures R508, Guidelines for Approving Lists of Comparable Institutions R Definitions 3.1. Articulation Agreement: All transfer and articulation agreements between lower- and upper-division programs and largely inclusive of general education courses are discussed and agreed upon at the annual Faculty Discipline Majors Meetings. Additional transfer and articulation agreements, such as those in Career and Technical Education (CTE), may be developed between and among institutions. If the CTE agreements affect general education transfer and articulation, they should be introduced to the appropriate Faculty Discipline Major s Meeting in order to inform other USHE institutions Chief Academic Officer (CAO): The person designed by a USHE institution as its Chief Academic Officer who is responsible for matters related to the academic affairs of the institution Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Code: The code associated with a particular program of study as specified by the USHE institution in concert with the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) taxonomy of programs Career and Technical Education (CTE): Designation given to certain programs consistent with state and national Career and Technical Education definitions Graduate Certificate: A program of study, less than a year in length, made up of graduate level course work, with a pre-requisite of at least a Bachelor s degree Office of the Commissioner of Higher Education (OCHE): The Utah Commissioner of Higher Education and his/her staff Program Review Committee (PRC): The Board of Regents Programs and Planning Committee serves as the PRC and is responsible for academic program review Programs and Planning Committee: A committee of the Board of Regents responsible for planning and program review Utah System of Higher Education (USHE): A system of public higher institutions as designated by the legislature within the State of Utah. Page 5 of 39 6 3.10. Certificate of Proficiency: A program of study that can be constructed in two ways: (1) less than a year in length (less than 30 semester hours, or 900 clock hours) ending in a certificate issued under the authority of the institution, not requiring approval by the Board of Regents, or (2) a certificate less than a year in length but between semester hours or clock hours, meeting federal financial aid requirements, including that the program must provide training that prepares a student for gainful employment in a recognized occupation, and requiring approval by the Board of Regents. For recording purposes Certificates of Proficiency will be classified in one of three classifications when reported through the data office: (CP1) an entry level certificate offered by the institution, not needing Board Approval, (CP2) an entry level CTE certificate, meeting Perkins eligibility requirements and made up of mostly 1000-level courses without prerequisites, or (CP3) a certificate preparing students for a specific set of skills made up of courses selected from undergraduate programs, with or without prerequisites. Criteria Institutional CP1 SBR Approved CP2 SBR Approved CP3 SBR* Reviewed and Approved No Yes Yes Eligible for Financial Aid No Yes Yes Must be Designed for Gainful Employment No Yes Yes Credit Hours Fewer than Clock Hours Fewer than Course level Undergraduate Primarily Undergraduate May have prerequisites Yes No Yes SBR State Board of Regents Certificate of Completion: A program of study typically one year in length (30-33 semester credit hours or clock hours) approved by the Board of Regents consisting primarily of 1000-level courses and preparing people for gainful employment in a recognized occupation. Certificates more than 45 credit hours or 1350 clock hours must show how the certificate can lead to an associate s degree within the normal credit hour requirements for that degree. When appropriate, transfer agreements should be included in the program proposal Endorsement, K-12 Teaching: A collection of courses, built upon a Regent-approved teacher education program that prepares K-12 teachers or teacher candidates for specific area certification by the Utah State Office of Education Emphasis: A collection of courses within an Associate of Applied Science or Bachelor s Degree that gives the student a specific focus in a particular sub-area related to the identifiable core of courses required for the degree Pre Major: The term pre major is used in two contexts: (1) as a descriptor of a set of courses that are part of the Associate of Arts/Associate of Science degrees designed to prepare students for upper-division majors work; and, (2) at four-year institutions not offering an AA or AS Page 6 of 39 7 degree, the term pre major also applies to preparatory, lower-division courses required for acceptance into a major Program: As specified in R , a "program" is a unit within the institution with an identifiable teaching, research, or other academic mission. For a unit to be designated as a "program," it shall have an identified group of faculty and shall fulfill one or more of these criteria: (1) has "program", "center", "institute", "laboratory", "department", "school", or "college" in its title or has otherwise been designated as a program; (2) offers or administers a degree, certificate, or some other credential; (3) has an identifiable curriculum or is formally described in current institutional catalogs or other publications; (4) has a separate budget as listed in official university documents. R Regents Approval, Agenda. Institutions submitting program proposals requiring approval by the Regents Committee of the Whole shall adhere to the procedures shown in R and summarized in Appendix A: Flow Chart for Procedures for Items Requiring Regent Approval, Agenda. When submitting proposals to the OCHE for one of the items specified in R , the institution should use the template specified for each item in R and follow the Proposal Notification and Submission Procedures (R401-6) Program Items Requiring Regents Approval. Items requiring Regent approval are as follows. A definition and/or description of conditions for the type of item proposed follows each item Associate of Applied Science (AAS) Degrees (Full Template Required, Appendix B). Programs of study intended to prepare students for entry-level careers. A minimum of 63 and a maximum of 69 credit hours are required. Additionally, general education requirements that are less extensive than in AA or AS degrees and others, as established by the USHE institutions and in compliance with the Northwest Association of Colleges and Universities are required. Based on compelling reasons, exceptions to the maximum credit hour requirement may be granted by the Regents Major. The term major refers to the discipline in which the degree resides. The major may include one or more emphases to describe sub-units of the Associate of Applied Science degree Emphasis. AAS degree programs may have collections of courses within the major called an emphasis that give the student a specific focus in a particular sub-area related to the identifiable core of courses required for the degree. Emphases require approval by the Regents. When a new AAS degree is proposed, emphases identified for the degree (if any) should be clearly described within the full proposal for the degree. See R for conditions regarding submission of emphases on existing degrees. Emphases must be clearly within the major field of study specified for the degree. Emphases under an AAS degree must be assigned the same CIP code as the major Associate of Arts (AA) and Associate of Science (AS) Degrees (Full Template Required, Appendix B). Programs of study primarily intended to encourage exploration of Page 7 of 39 8 academic options that provide a strong general education component, and prepare students for upper-division work in baccalaureate programs or prepare for employment. A minimum of 60 and a maximum of 63 credit hours, which include 30 to 39 credit hours of general education course work and other requirements as established by the USHE institutions, are required for completion of an associate s degree. The Associate of Arts degree may have a foreign language requirement. Based on compelling reasons, exceptions to the maximum credit hour requirement may be granted by the Regents Pre Major. Courses contained in a pre-major in an AA or AS degree should be the same or similar to courses offered at four-year institutions as determined by the Faculty Discipline Majors committees. When a pre major is designed for transfer to (a) four-year program(s), it must follow statewide articulation agreements where such agreements have been formulated subject to (R470) or, if this is a specialized program, have (a) formal, written, articulation agreement(s) for the courses transferring. The program outline (advising sheet) should clearly designate the courses that will transfer to a four-year program major and those that will not transfer to the major, but may count as electives in a baccalaureate degree An Emphasis may not be defined within an AA or AS degree Specialized Associate s Degrees (Full Template Required, Appendix B). Specialized Associate s Degrees are programs of study that include extensive specialized course work, such as the Associate of Pre-Engineering, and are intended to prepare students to initiate upper-division work in baccalaureate programs. These programs contain a minimum of 68 and a maximum of 85 credit hours, which include a minimum of 28 credit hours of preparatory, specialized course work, general education requirements that may be less extensive than in AA or AS degrees, and other requirements as established by the USHE institutions. Because students might not fully complete an institution s general education requirements while completing a specialized associate s degree, they are expected to satisfy remaining general education requirements in addition to upper-division baccalaureate requirements at the receiving institution. Generally, specialized associate s programs are articulated from two- to four-year majors. In some cases, articulation may be system-wide Bachelor of Arts (BA), Bachelor of Science (BS), and Professional Bachelor s Degrees (Full Template Required, Appendix B). These are programs of study including general education, major course work, and other requirements as established by the USHE institutions and accreditation standards. Credit requirements include completion of a minimum of 120 and a maximum of 126 credit hours. A professional degree prepares students for a particular profession by emphasizing skills and practical analysis built upon theory and research and, most often, has specialized accreditation that sets acceptable practice standards. Professional degrees often require third-party licensure. Some professional bachelors degrees, such as the Bachelor of Business Administration or Bachelor of Fine Arts, may have additional requirements. Other disciplines such as engineering and architecture may exceed the maximum of 126 credit hours to meet Page 8 of 39 9 accreditation requirements. Based on compelling reasons, exceptions to the maximum credit hour requirement may be granted by the Regents Major (Full Template Required, Appendix B). The term major refers to the discipline in which the degree resides Pre-major. A pre major for a BA/BS or Professional Bachelor s Degree may be specified by the institution, but does not require Regent approval. The pre major should consist of preparatory, lower division courses which prepare students for a specific major, but are not sufficient to admit the student to the major in cases where the institution has admission requirements and a limited number of students who may pursue a particular major. Courses in a pre major should be the same or similar to those offered by the two-year programs as determined by the Faculty Discipline Majors committees. When a pre major affects students transferring from two-year institutions, formal articulation agreements are desirable and students should be clearly informed of the transferability of the courses taken in the pre major at the two-year institution General Studies Bachelor s Degrees (Full Template Required, Appendix B). See General Studies Bachelor s Degrees Guidelines, Appendix C, for conditions that should be met in the design of General Studies Bachelor s Degrees K-12 School Personnel Programs (Full Template Required, Appendix B). Licensure preparation programs for teacher education, counselors, administrators, and other school personnel Endorsement Programs (Abbreviated Template, Appendix G). Endorsement programs, built upon teacher preparation programs already approved by the Regents, submitted separately as a limited collection of courses designed to meet endorsement certification requirements in specific areas as established and conveyed by the Utah State Office of Education Master s Degrees (Full Template Required, Appendix B). Graduate-level programs of study requiring a minimum of 30 and maximum of 36 credit hours of course work beyond the bachelor s degree and other requirements as established by the USHE institutions and accreditation standards. Professional master s degrees such as the Master of Business Administration or Master of Social Work may require additional course work or projects. Specialized professional master s degrees typically require additional course work. Based on compelling reasons, exceptions to the maximum credit hour requirement may be granted by the Regents Doctoral Degrees (Full Template Required, Appendix B). Graduate-level programs in an advanced, specialized field of study requiring competence in independent research and an understanding of related subjects. Page 9 of 39 10 4.2. Review Procedure for Program Items Requiring Regent Approval, Agenda Not Fast Track. (Fast Track Procedure is described in R401-3.) Programs requiring Regent Approval, Committee of the Whole, will be reviewed by the following entities and in the order specified. This review procedure is summarized in the flowchart in Appendix A Review and Approval by the Institutional Board of Trustees Review by Specialized Groups. Review by specialized groups may be conducted concurrently with review by the Boards of Trustees, if such concurrent review is consistent with institutional policies and procedures. The following types of programs require specialized review as noted K-12 School Personnel Programs. K-12 school personnel preparation programs shall be reviewed by the USHE schools and colleges of education. Endorsement programs for USOE licensure in specific areas may be reviewed by school and college of education at the request of the OCHE staff Career and Technical Education (CTE) Programs. CTE programs shall go through the Regional Career and Technical Education Planning process, as implemented in the proposing institution s region, which has the primary purposes of: (1) Planning CTE certificate and associate s degree programs that are responsive to the needs of business/industry and the citizens of the region, and providing a transition for secondary students into postsecondary programs, and (2) avoiding unnecessary duplication of CTE certificate and degree programs among higher education institutions in a region. Results of the review process shall be provided to the Regents when a CTE program proposal is submitted for approval Institutional Submission of Request to the OCHE. See R401-6, Proposal and Notification Submission Procedures, and appropriate Template instructions Review by the Commissioner s Staff. Full program proposals will be forwarded to the Commissioner s Academic and Student Affairs staff for review and comment. The financial analysis document may be reviewed by the Commissioner s Finance staff in order to verify financial data Review by Council of Chief Academic Officers (CAOs). After the Commissioner s staff has reviewed the proposal and is satisfied it is ready for CAO review, it will be posted to the USHE website designated for program items to be reviewed by CAOs. The CAOs must review and post their comments for response from the other CAOs concerning the full proposal. Prior to review by the PRC, the Council of Chief Academic Officers will meet with the Commissioner s Academic and Student Affairs staff to discuss the institutional proposals and the comments submitted by other USHE institutions, external reviews, and initial evaluation from the Commissioner s staff. This discussion will be considered by the Commissioner s Academic and Student Affairs staff in preparing materials and recommendations for the Regents. Page 10 of 39 11 Review by Program Review Committee (PRC). Once the CAOs and Commissioner s staff have commented, the full program proposal and all attendant issues will be forwarded for review by the PRC. The PRC will review the program proposal and accompanying information, discuss any questions and issues, and request additional information as appropriate, including a request for a consultant to review the proposed program and surrounding issues. In the case a consultant review is requested, the proposing institution will provide to the Commissioner s staff a list of appropriate consultants. The staff will contact a consultant acceptable to the institution and to the Commissioner s staff and arrange for the review. Once the consultant s report has been completed, it will be made available to the PRC, the proposing institution, and the CAOs. As programs are reviewed, at the request of the PRC, additional individuals may be asked to attend the meeting Consideration by Board of Regents. Program proposals that have been reviewed according to the procedures described in will be placed on the Regents agenda as directed by the Program Review Committee. The Commissioner s review for the Regents will address not only the readiness of the institution to offer the program and the need for the program, but also the impact of the program on other USHE institutions. The Regents Programs and Planning Committee reviews proposals for new programs and recommends action to the Regents. The Regents then take action on the proposed program during the meeting of the committee of the whole or through the General Consent calendar, as appropriate Voting for Approval by Board of Regents. All new associate s and bachelor s degree programs must be approved by a majority vote of the Regents members in attendance. All new master s and doctoral degree programs require at least a two-thirds majority of the members in attendance to be approved Budgetary Considerations Separate from Approval. Program approval by the Regents consists only of authorization to offer a program. Budget requests necessary to fund the program shall be submitted separately through the regular budget procedure. R Review and Recommendation by the OCHE with Regent Approval on the General Consent Calendar. Institutions submitting proposals under R401-5 shall adhere to the procedures shown in R and summarized in Appendix E: Flow Chart for Items Reviewed by the OCHE and Approved on the General Consent Calendar. When submitting proposals to the OCHE for one of the items specified in R , the institution should use the template specified for each item in R and the Proposal Notification and Submission Procedure (R401-6) Minors and Emphases Minor (Abbreviated Template required, including the curriculum, Appendix G). The term minor refers to a coherent collection of related courses that are deemed to be a student s secondary field of academic concentration or specialization during undergraduate studies. A Minor which is presented within a Bachelor s Degree proposal will be identified and included in the full template. Page 11 of 39 12 Emphasis Certificates Emphasis Added to an Existing Degree. The proposing institution shall submit an Abbreviated Template, with the program curriculum section (Appendix G) to add an emphasis to an existing degree Emphasis Contained within a Proposal for a New Degree. When an emphasis is contained within a degree being presented for initial approval, the emphasis should be identified within the new degree proposal and approved through the new degree approval process (see R401-4) Certificate of Proficiency (Abbreviated Template Required with Curriculum, Appendix G). Certificates of Proficiency with clock hours or semester hours, meeting federal financial aid requirements, including that the program must provide training that prepares a student for gainful employment in a recognized occupation, are approved through this process. Certificates of Proficiency less than a year in length (less than 30 semester hours, or 900 clock hours) ending in a certificate issued under the authority of the institution are offered under the authority of the institution and do not require Regent approval. See definition in 3.10 above. May be submitted for Fast-Track approval with Full Template (5.2.4) Certificate of Completion (Full Template Required, Appendix B). A program of study typically one year in length (30-33 semester credit hours or clock hours). See definition in 3.10 above. May be submitted for Fast-Track approval (5.2.4) Graduate Certificate (Abbreviated Template Required with Curriculum, Appendix G). A program of study less than a year in length made up of graduate level course work with a prerequisite of at least a baccalaureate degree Fast Track Approval for Certificates (Template Required Consistent with Certificate Type as Noted in and ). To meet immediate industry needs and for other compelling reasons Certificates of Proficiency needing approval for financial aid, and Certificates of Completion, may be submitted for Fast Track approval Review Procedure for Fast Track Certificate Requests Eligible Programs for Fast Track Approval (Template Required Consistent with Certificate Type as Noted in and ). Certificates of Proficiency needing approval for financial aid and Certificates of Completion may be submitted to the Commissioner for Fast Track approval Fast Track Approval Requirements and Process. The Fast Track Approval Process is detailed below and summarized in the Flow Chart for Fast Track Program Approval, Appendix F. Page 12 of 39 13 Review and Approval by Institutional Board of Trustees. The certificate must have been approved by the institution s internal program development and approval procedure Review through the Career and Technical Education Regional Planning Process. Institutional CTE Directors coordinate regional planning processes Institutional Submission of Request to the OCHE Academic and Student Affairs Staff. See R401-6, Proposal and Notification Submission Procedures, and appropriate Template instructions Review by the OCHE Academic and Student Affairs Staff and Commissioner Response. The OCHE Academic and Student Affairs staff will review the proposal and recommend action to the Commissioner. Within 15 days of the item being received by the OCHE, the institution will be notified that either: (1) further information is required by the Commissioner, or (2) the item is being returned with approval for immediate effect Regent Consideration. The program will be placed on the General Consent Calendar of the next Regents meeting Administrative Unit Creation or Change Creation, Transfer, Restructuring, or Consolidation of Existing Administrative Units (Abbreviated Template Required, Appendix G) Conditional Three-Year Approval for New Centers, Institutes, or Bureaus (Abbreviated Template Required, Appendix G). Institutions may seek temporary approval from the Commissioner of Higher Education for a center, institute, or bureau which is being established on an experimental or pilot basis. The Commissioner will evaluate and approve requests for temporary approval on the basis of the following criteria and conditions: (1) The proposed change requires a modest effort in terms of staff and space needs, normally with no permanent staff or no permanent facility assignment or is fully supported by external funding; (2) activities involved are consistent with established institutional mission and role assignments; (3) the administrative entity involved has programmatic affiliation with an existing academic program or department. Temporary approval of centers, institutes, etc., may be granted for a period no longer than three years, after which an institution must request approval of the Regents New Centers, Institutes, or Bureaus (Abbreviated Template Required, Appendix G). Administrative entities that perform primarily research, instructional, or technology transfer functions and are intended to provide services to students, the community, businesses, or other external audiences, or to obtain external funds Program Change. Page 13 of 39 14 Out-of-Service-Area Delivery of Programs (Abbreviated Template Required, Appendix G). Programs that require substantive change notification to the regional accreditation organization and/or are offered outside of the institution s designated service area (see R512, Institutional Mission and Roles; R355, Education Television and Communications Networking Transfer, Restructuring, or Consolidation of Existing Programs (Abbreviated Template Required, Appendix G) Name Changes of Existing Programs (Abbreviated Template Required, Appendix G) Discontinuation or Suspension of Programs (Abbreviated Template Required, Appendix G) Discontinuation. Discontinuation of a program consists of entirely removing the program from the institution s and the Board of Regents list of approved programs, after current students have an opportunity to complete Suspension. Suspension of a program is a temporary prohibition of new enrollments to the program. The program will remain on the Board of Regents list of approved programs and may, according to the institution s discretion, remain in the online and/or printed catalog until fully discontinued Student Completion. Students currently admitted to the program must be provided a way to complete the program in a reasonable period of time compatible with accreditation standards. This may require: a. Enrollment of students at other institutions of higher education, or b. Courses to be taught for a maximum of two years after discontinuation of the program or until there are no other admitted students who are entitled to complete the program, whichever comes first System Coordination. Institutions should consider the statewide impact of discontinuing the program and identify opportunities for establishing the program at another USHE institution. Institutions should consider discontinuance of unnecessarily duplicated programs within the USHE, particularly programs that may be high cost and/or low producing Reinstatement of Previously Suspended Program or Administrative Unit (Abbreviated Proposal Template Required, Appendix G). If circumstances change and an institution plans to restart a suspended program or an administrative unit, the institution must give notice to the Board of Regents. Notice should include a statement verifying the program name, administrative unit structure and/or the curricular content are identical to the original program. If either the name or curricular content of the program have changed, the program should be submitted as a new program and the suspended program should be deleted. Page 14 of 39 15 5.6. Review Process for Program Items Requiring the OCHE Review and Recommendation with Regent Approval on the General Consent Calendar. See Appendix F for the flowchart of this process Three-Year Follow-up Reports on Approved Programs (New Programs Followup Report Template Required, Appendix D). All programs approved by the Regents require a report three years after implementation or two years after implementation for programs approved under the Fast Track procedure Two-Year Review of Programs Approved through the Fast Track Procedure (Report Template Required, Appendix D). Institutions operating programs approved through the Fast Track procedure must submit a report to the Commissioner s Academic and Student Affairs staff for review two years from the date the program is implemented. Once the report has been reviewed and found to contain the required information, it will be posted on a website for review by PRC members if they so choose, and forwarded to the Regents for the next agenda. The Regents may request information in addition to that contained in the report Review and Approval by Institutional Board of Trustees Institution Submits Request to the OCHE. See R401-6, Proposal and Notification Submission Procedures OCHE Staff Review CAO Review (optional, necessity determined by the OCHE staff). The OCHE may share proposals with the institutional CAOs for further feedback as needed OCHE Notice to the Institution of Need for Further Information or Approval. Within 15 days of the item being received by the OCHE, the institution will be notified that either: (1) further information is required by the Commissioner, or (2) the item is being placed on the Regents General Consent Calendar OCHE Staff Places Item on the Regents General Consent Calendar for approval Reinstatement of Previously Suspended Program or Administrative Unit (Abbreviated Proposal Template Required, Appendix G). If circumstances change and an institution plans to restart a suspended program or an administrative unit, the institution must give notice to the Board of Regents. Notice should include a statement verifying the program name, administrative unit structure and/or the curricular content are identical to the original program. If either the name or curricular content of the program have changed, the program should be submitted as a new program and the suspended program should be deleted Reports. Page 15 of 39 16 Cyclical Institutional Program Reviews. See Policy and Procedures, R411, Cyclical Program Reviews List of Scheduled Program Reviews. The annual list of scheduled program reviews as defined in R411, Review of Existing Programs, including date of review. The list is due at the beginning of each September Programs under Development or Consideration (Appendix H). These planning documents submitted in February of each year will provide Regents with a system-wide view of the programs that may be brought to them for approval Submission Timeline for Program Planning Report. In February of each year, each institution shall submit an updated program planning report of programs under development or consideration that may be brought to the Regents for formal approval within the next 36 months Continuous Update. The information in each matrix is to be updated whenever the status of a program changes or a new program is being considered. Once a program has been approved by the Regents or is no longer under consideration at an institution, it should not appear in the matrix. R Proposal and Notification Submission Procedures Proposal Templates. The template required for each type of item is specified in the listing of items (R401-4 and R401-5). For those approvals requiring only an Abbreviated Proposal Template, the Commissioner reserves the right to require a more detailed proposal, including a full proposal, if questions or concerns are raised Classification of Instructional Program (CIP) Codes. When preparing the submission template, the institution must choose an appropriate CIP code. For CIP code classifications, see: The CIP code is a critical data element and will be recorded by the OCHE and used for data requests, reporting, and tracking CIP Codes for All Programs except Apprenticeship Programs. Only one CIP code will be accepted per program including all emphases under that program. The only exception is for apprenticeship programs CIP Codes for Apprenticeship Programs. The institution will be allowed to use multiple appropriate CIP codes for different apprenticeship emphases. These CIP codes will be recorded by the OCHE for data requests, reporting, and tracking Proposal Style. All submissions must: Be written in a formal style, using third person. Page 16 of 39 17 Use Arial Narrow 12-point font, single-spaced. Remove italics when using templates Have 1 margins Be sent to the Commissioner s Academic and Student Affairs staff as an electronic word processing document (preferably Microsoft Word). Page 17 of 39 18 R401, Appendices Appendix A: Flow Chart for Regent s Approval, Agenda Institutional review and Board of Trustees approval. Specialized approval for selected programs (4.2.2). May be concurrent with institutional review. Full proposal template to the OCHE. OCHE staff review. Regents' Committee of the Whole Regents' Planning and Programs Committee PRC review. More info needed OR Item recommended for approval; prepared for Regents' agenda. Council of CAOs review. Page 18 of 39 19 Appendix B: Full Template Appendix B: Full Template Instructions: The Full Template should be used for those items identified as needing the Full Template in R401-4 and R401-5 and listed as possible items to check on the Cover/Signature Page below. A Full Template consists of a Cover/Signature Page Full Template, Executive Summary Full Template, and Program Description Full Template. o Cover/Signature Page Full Template: Complete the items requested at the top of the page, INCLUDING SELECTING a CIP Code. Check which type(s) of item(s) apply. For example, you may check a certain kind of certificate AND fast tracked. o Executive Summary Full Template: The executive summary must not exceed two (2) pages. o Program Description Full Template: Complete the sections requested, removing the descriptive italics and replacing them with the content of the proposal. Prepare the Full Template per R401-6 instructions as a Word document (no PDF formats). Begin each of the three sections (Cover/Signature Page, Executive Summary, and Program Description) at the top of a new page. When descriptions of the content required for each section appear in this font color, the italics are to be removed before the institution submits the proposal to the OCHE. The CAO or his/her designated representatives should the completed Full Template (including electronic signature) to The institution is responsible for maintaining a record of the submission as the OCHE Academic and Student Affairs office is not responsible for storing electronic copies of submitted proposals. Page 19 of 39 20 Appendix B: Full Template Cover/Signature Page Full Template Institution Submitting Request: Name of Institution Proposed Title: Program or Unit Title being proposed School or Division or Location: Name of School/Division Location Department(s) or Area(s) Location: Name of Department/Area Location Recommended Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Code 3 : Proposed Beginning Date: MM/DD/YEAR Institutional Board of Trustees Approval Date: MM/DD/YEAR Proposal Type (check all that apply): Regents Agenda Items R401-4 and R401-5 Approval by Committee of the Whole SECTION NO (AAS) Associate of Applied Science Degree (AA) Associate of Arts Degree (AS) Associate of Science Degree Specialized Associate Degree Baccalaureate Degree K-12 School Personnel Programs Master s Degree Doctoral Degree (CER C) Certificate of Completion Fast Tracked Certificate Chief Academic Officer (or Designee) Signature: I certify that all required institutional approvals have been obtained prior to submitting this request to the Office of the Commissioner. ITEM Signature Date: MM/DD/YEAR Printed Name: Name of CAO or Designee 3 CIP codes must be recommended by the submitting institution. For CIP code classifications, please see Page 20 of 39 Utah System of Higher Education. R401, Approval of New Programs, Program Changes, Discontinued Programs, and Program Reports. Approved April 1, 2010 Utah System of Higher Education R401, Approval of New Programs, Program Changes, Discontinued Programs, and Program Reports Approved April 1, 2010 Printed April 6, 2010 Page 1 of 21 R401, Table of Contents Proposed Graduate Program Development Process Guidelines Utah Valley University November 17, 2015 Proposed Graduate Program Development Process Guidelines Utah Valley University November 17, 2015 This document outlines the process for the development, approval, and implementation of new graduate programs. Cover/Signature Page Full Template Cover/Signature Page Full Template Institution Submitting Request: Utah Valley University Proposed Title: Certificate of Completion in Construction Management School or Division or Location: College of Cover/Signature Page Full Template Institution Submitting Request: Utah Valley University Proposed Title: Graduate Certificate in Cyber Security School or Division or Location: College of Technology & Procedures for Submitting Proposals for Implementation of New Degree Major Programs (Bachelor s and Master s Levels) Procedures for Submitting Proposals for Implementation of New Degree Major Programs (Bachelor s and Master s Levels) Revised March 1985, February 2007, June 2009, June 2014 This document presents the format, TABLE OF CONTENTS Licensure and Accreditation of Institutions and Programs of Higher Learning ARTICLE ONE Policies and Procedures Board of Governors for Higher Education Sec. 10a-34 page 1 (12-96) TABLE OF CONTENTS Licensure and Accreditation of Institutions and Programs of Higher Learning ARTICLE ONE Policies and Procedures Introduction.... Proposing New CSU Degree Programs Bachelor s and Master s Levels. Offered through Self-Support and State-Support Modes Proposing New CSU Degree Programs Bachelor s and Master s Levels Offered through Self-Support and State-Support Modes This document presents the format, criteria, and submission procedures for CSU bachelor TITLE 135 PROCEDURAL RULE WEST VIRGINIA COUNCIL FOR COMMUNITY AND TECHNICAL COLLEGE EDUCATION TITLE 135 PROCEDURAL RULE WEST VIRGINIA COUNCIL FOR COMMUNITY AND TECHNICAL COLLEGE EDUCATION SERIES 11 DEGREE DESIGNATION, GENERAL EDUCATION REQUIREMENTS, NEW PROGRAM APPROVAL, AND DISCONTINUANCE OF EXISTING 8.011 Authorization of New Academic Degree Programs and Other Curricular Offerings. 8.011 Authorization of New Academic Degree Programs and Other Curricular Offerings. (1) New Academic Degree Program Authorization - To ensure that new academic programs implemented by a state university Mississippi Institutions of Higher Learning ACADEMIC GUIDELINES Mississippi Institutions of Higher Learning ACADEMIC GUIDELINES Office of Academic and Student Affairs 3825 Ridgewood Road Jackson, Mississippi Phone: (601) 432-6501 Amended September 2014 Contents Degree MARSHALL COMMUNITY AND TECHNICAL COLLEGE MARSHALL COMMUNITY AND TECHNICAL COLLEGE POLICY # 4.00 - Program Approval SECTION 4.1. GENERAL 4.1.a. This policy defines the process for obtaining approval of new academic programs and discontinuance Regulations for Licensure and Accreditation of Institutions and Programs of Higher Learning Note: These regulations are in effect while being revised to comply with Public Act 13-118. All references to the Board of Governors for Higher Education, Department of Higher Education and Commissioner UTAH VALLEY UNIVERSITY Policies and Procedures Page 1 of 14 Proposed Policy Number and Title: 522 Undergraduate Credit and Degrees Existing Policy Number and Title: 522 Undergraduate Credit and Transcripts Approval Process X Regular Temporary Emergency MEETING AGENDA. BREAKFAST MEETING - STATE BOARD OF REGENTS, SNOW COLLEGE BOARD OF TRUSTEES, PRESIDENT WYATT, COMMISSIONER SEDERBURG (Heritage Room) MEETING AGENDA 8:30 a.m. - 10:00 a.m. BREAKFAST MEETING - STATE BOARD OF REGENTS, SNOW COLLEGE BOARD OF TRUSTEES, PRESIDENT WYATT, COMMISSIONER SEDERBURG (Heritage Room) 10:00 a.m. - 12:00 noon COMMITTEE Baccalaureate Programs in the Florida College System Guiding Principles and Policies Baccalaureate Programs in the Florida College System December 2012 0 Introduction The Florida Legislature passed legislation in 2001 that outlines a process by which community colleges may seek approval PROPOSAL TO IMPLEMENT A NEW ACADEMIC PROGRAM (Major, Minor, Master s, Dual Degree, or Certificate) PROPOSAL TO IMPLEMENT A NEW ACADEMIC PROGRAM (Major, Minor, Master s, Dual Degree, or Certificate) New academic programs must be approved by the AAC/Grad Council, Faculty Plenary, VPAA, Board of Trustees, CSU Degree Program Proposal Template CSU Degree Program Proposal Template Revised November 2013 Please Note: Campuses may mention proposed degree programs in recruitment material if it is specified that enrollment in the proposed program Proposing New CSU Degree Programs Bachelor s and Master s Levels Offered through Self-Support and State-Support Modes Institution Submitting Proposal. Degree Designation as on Diploma (Level II) in Oklahoma State Regents for Higher Education NEW PROGRAM REQUEST FORM FOR TRADITIONAL AND ONLINE PROGRAMS (Created for Consideration of Programs Outside Institutional Function) Revised June 2015 Institution New Institute New Bureau 5.5.1 Out-of-Service Area Delivery of Programs Program Transfer 5.5.2 Institution Submitting Request: University of Utah Proposed Title: BS/MS Combined Program in Geographic Information Science Currently Approved Title: N/A School or Division or Location: College of Social Cover/Signature Page - Abbreviated Template/Abbreviated Template with Curriculum Cover/Signature Page - Abbreviated Template/Abbreviated Template with Curriculum Institution Submitting Request: Utah Valley University Proposed Title: Certificate of Proficiency in Music Technology School Guidelines for Massachusetts Early Educator Preparation Programs Participating in the Early Childhood Educator Scholarships Program. Guidelines for Massachusetts Early Educator Preparation Programs Participating in the Early Childhood Educator Scholarships Program Background The Departments of Higher Education and Early Education and Cover/Signature Page Full Template Institution Submitting Request: Utah Valley University Proposed Title: Bachelor of Science in Information Management School or Division or Location: College of Technology BOARD OF GOVERNORS STATE UNIVERSITY SYSTEM OF FLORIDA NEW DOCTORAL DEGREE PROPOSAL STAFF ANALYSIS BOARD OF GOVERRS STATE UNIVERSITY SYSTEM OF FLORIDA NEW DOCTORAL DEGREE PROPOSAL STAFF ANALYSIS Program: Doctor of Social Work CIP Code: 51.1503 Institution: Florida Atlantic University Proposed Implementation Oklahoma State Regents for Higher Education NEW PROGRAM REQUEST FORM FOR TRADITIONAL AND ONLINE PROGRAMS Oklahoma State Regents for Higher Education NEW PROGRAM REQUEST FORM FOR TRADITIONAL AND ONLINE PROGRAMS Page 1 of 11 Institution Submitting Proposal Formal Degree (Level I) (e.g. Bachelor of Science, R470, General Education, Common Course Numbering, Lower-Division Pre- Major Requirements, Transfer of Credits, and Credit by Examination R470, General Education, Common Course Numbering, Lower-Division Pre- Major Requirements, Transfer of Credits, and Credit by Examination R470-1. Purpose: To assure reciprocity and consistency in the structure Institution Submitting Request: Utah State University Proposed Title: BFA - Design and Technology Emphasis: Film Production Concentration, Utah State University/Salt Lake Community College Currently Approved MARYLAND HIGHER EDUCATION COMMISSION CODE OF MARYLAND REGULATIONS 13B.02.03. Academic Programs -- Degree-Granting Institutions MARYLAND HIGHER EDUCATION COMMISSION CODE OF MARYLAND REGULATIONS 13B.02.03 Academic Programs -- Degree-Granting Institutions As amended through October 28, 2013 This document contains a chapter of the These guidelines refer to and are consistent with the following Florida Board of Governors (BOG) regulations: FLORIDA GULF COAST UNIVERSITY CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT GUIDELINES I. INTRODUCTION These guidelines refer to and are consistent with the following Florida Board of Governors (BOG) regulations: A. BOG Regulation CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT & REVISION CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT & REVISION Developmental Studies Reading / Writing, Math College Success = 1 representative = 1 representative = 1 representative Curriculum and Program Review Committee Purpose Texas Higher Education Coordinating Board New Doctoral Degree Proposal Texas Higher Education Coordinating Board New Doctoral Degree Proposal Directions: While completing this form, institutions should refer to Texas Administrative Code (TAC) 5.46 relating to Criteria for Board of Governors, State University System of Florida Board of Governors, State University System of Florida Request to Offer a New Degree Program (Please do not revise this proposal format without prior approval from Board staff) University Submitting Proposal Cover/Signature Page Full Template Institution Submitting Request: Utah Valley University Proposed Title: Master of Accountancy School or Division or Location: Woodbury School of Business Department(s) Graduate Policies and Procedures for New Programs. Table of Contents Graduate Policies and Procedures for New Programs Table of Contents Page I. Overview...2 II. Five-Year Master Plan...2 III. New degree proposals: white papers...2 IV. Consultation among units...4 Prior REGENTS POLICY PART X ACADEMIC POLICY Chapter 10.04 - Academic Programs REGENTS POLICY PART X ACADEMIC POLICY Chapter 10.04 - Academic Programs P10.04.010. Academic Program Integration. A. The University of Alaska will endeavor to provide access for the citizens of the state Procedures for Implementing New Graduate Programs 1 Procedures for Implementing New Graduate Programs 1 MASTER'S DEGREE PROGRAMS 2 Introduction There are three possible ways to propose new master's degree programs: the standard process (involves two steps), Dual Credit in Indiana Q & A. Version 7.8 October 30, 2012 Dual Credit in Indiana Q & A Version 7.8 October 30, 2012 Dual Credit in Indiana Q&A GENERAL INFORMATION 1. What is dual credit? In Indiana, dual credit is the term given to courses in which high school Senate Reference No. 96-31. Indiana University - Purdue University Fort Wayne Senate Reference No. 96-31 Associate of Arts Degree Program to be offered at IPFW INSTITUTION: Indiana University - Purdue University Fort Wayne COLLEGE: School of Arts and Sciences DEPARTMENT: n.a. DEGREE UNDERGRADUATE CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT AND CHANGE POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL OFFICE OF ACADEMIC AFFAIRS UNDERGRADUATE CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT AND CHANGE POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL OFFICE OF ACADEMIC AFFAIRS 2015 TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction... 4 Program-Related Actions New and Spin-off Degree Program COMMISSION FOR HIGHER EDUCATION Friday, October 14, 2011 COMMISSION FOR HIGHER EDUCATION Friday, October 14, 2011 DISCUSSION ITEM D: New Program Proposal Guidelines Staff Recommendation Background For discussion only. Drafts of the New Program Proposal Guidelines Staff Analysis Checklist Request to Offer a New Degree Program. Board of Governors, State University System of Florida Staff Analysis Checklist Request to Offer a New Degree Program Board of Governors, State University System of Florida University Submitting Proposal Initial Review Date Proposed Implementation Term Last Ivy Tech Community College of Indiana Ivy Tech Community College of Indiana POLICY TITLE Credit Transfer Awarding/Dual Credit POLICY NUMBER ASOM 4.3 PRIMARY RESPONSIBILITY Academic Affairs CREATION / REVISION / EFFECTIVE DATES Created September Cover/Signature Page - Abbreviated Template/Abbreviated Template with Curriculum Institution Submitting Request: Utah Valley University Proposed Title: Information Security Management (new emphasis within CHAPTER TWO General Institutional Requirements CHAPTER 2 GIRs CHAPTER TWO General Institutional Requirements Chapter 2 General Institutional Requirements A. MISSION 1) It has a mission statement, formally adopted by the governing board and made public, Institutional Handbook of Operating Procedures (IHOP) Institutional Handbook of Operating Procedures (IHOP) Section: Section 12 Academics Education and Student Related First Release Date: 01/23/2012 Policy Name: 12.7 Approval and Review of Degree Programs Proposed Applied Baccalaureate Selection Process and Criteria November 2010 Proposed Applied Baccalaureate Selection Process and Criteria Executive Summary A new way in which Washington can increase baccalaureate degree production is through awarding a relatively Accreditation Standards and Rules and Regulations for Mississippi Nursing Degree Programs Accreditation Standards and Rules and Regulations for Mississippi Nursing Degree Programs Revised July 1, 1992 Revised July 1, 1993 Amended April 1995 Amended June 1998 Amended July 1999 Revised November I. Council s Statutory Duties Related to Program Viability Review at Public Institutions STATE COUNCIL OF HIGHER EDUCATION FOR VIRGINIA PROGRAM PRODUCTIVITY/VIABILITY AT PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS: POLICIES AND PROCEDURES FOR REVIEW OF ACADEMIC PROGRAMS EFFECTIVE JULY 8, 2008 I. Council s Statutory Part III. Self-Study Report Template Part 3 Ministry Of Education And Higher Education Directorate General of Higher Education Part III Self-Study Report Template LABE SELF-STUDY QUESTIONNAIRE http://www.labe.org.lb General Instructions Introduction Academic Program Terminology and Approval Process Guidelines. Southern Illinois University System Academic Program Terminology and Approval Process Guidelines Southern Illinois University System What is the definition of a major? What is a minor? How is that different from a specialization, or an emphasis Associate in Arts for Transfer (AA-T) and Associate in Science for Transfer (AS-T) General Instructions February 2011 Associate in Arts for Transfer (AA-T) and Associate in Science for Transfer (AS-T) General Instructions February 2011 Approval of Associate in Arts for Transfer (AA-T) and Associate in Science for Transfer UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS PROCEDURES FOR UNIVERSITY APPROVAL OF NEW ACADEMIC DEGREE PROGRAMS, PROGRAM CHANGES, AND PROGRAM TERMINATION Doc. T92-012, as amended Passed by the BoT 4/8/92 Revised 8/6/97 UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS PROCEDURES FOR UNIVERSITY APPROVAL OF NEW ACADEMIC DEGREE PROGRAMS, PROGRAM CHANGES, AND PROGRAM TERMINATION TARLETON STATE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF GRADUATE STUDIES GRADUATE COUNCIL TARLETON STATE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF GRADUATE STUDIES GRADUATE COUNCIL Purpose: To consider all matters relating to graduate programs at Tarleton State University and to recommend practices and procedures PROCEDURES AND GUIDELINES FOR FACULTY AND DEPARTMENTS The Graduate School of NMSU 575 646-5745 Revised on March 19, 2013 PROCEDURES AND GUIDELINES FOR FACULTY AND DEPARTMENTS The Graduate School of NMSU 575 646-5745 Revised on March 19, 2013 Guidelines are provided on developing proposals for the following: Guidelines on Rules of Organization and Bylaws Gladys A. Kelce College of Business Rules of Organization and Bylaws Gladys A. Kelce College of Business Approved by the General Faculty December 11, 2012 PREAMBLE This document provides the framework within which the Faculty of the Gladys FAYETTEVILLE STATE UNIVERSITY FAYETTEVILLE, NORTH CAROLINA FACULTY SENATE FAYETTEVILLE STATE UNIVERSITY FAYETTEVILLE, NORTH CAROLINA FACULTY SENATE ACADEMIC AFFAIRS COMMITTEE PROPOSAL PRESENTATION COVER SHEET (Proposal from College of Arts and Sciences) I. Proposal: Notification State Council of Higher Education for Virginia. Virginia Public Higher Education Policy on Program Productivity. Effective October, 2013 State Council of Higher Education for Virginia Virginia Public Higher Education Policy on Program Productivity Effective October, 2013 I. Statutory Duties Related to Program Productivity Review at Public ACADEMIC REGULATIONS FOR MASTER'S DEGREE PROGRAMS Additional Requirements 1. At least six hours of electives must be completed to present a minimum total of 120 semester hours. 2. A cumulative grade point average of 2.0, including a minimum of 2.0 in University of Richmond http://facultyhandbook.richmond.edu/ch_iii/index.html#discontinuance E. Procedures for the Discontinuance of an Academic Department or Program of Instruction Involving Possible Dismissal CANDIDACY FOR ACCREDITATION CANDIDACY FOR ACCREDITATION The Meaning of Candidacy The Candidate for Accreditation program offers certain postsecondary institutions the opportunity to establish a formal, publicly recognized relationship Florida Gulf Coast University CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT PROCEDURES Florida Gulf Coast University CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT PROCEDURES Introduction The following descriptions and procedures are consistent with Regulation 8.011 Authorization of New Academic Degree Programs KECK SCHOOL OF MEDICINE GOVERNANCE DOCUMENT June 20, 2011 I. EXECUTIVE AUTHORITY KECK SCHOOL OF MEDICINE GOVERNANCE DOCUMENT June 20, 2011 As a non-profit public benefit corporation, the University of Southern California (USC) is governed by the Board of Trustees. For any principle that received a no above, please explain: State University System Academic Degree Program Approval BILL #: HB 1801 (PCB CU 01-01) HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES AS REVISED BY THE COMMITTEE ON EDUCATION APPROPRIATIONS ANALYSIS RELATING TO: SPONSOR (S): TIED BILL (S): The University of West Florida and Florida Health Management and Informatics Active Teaching Disciplines For Administrative Use Only Please do not edit CIP Code Description NCES Definition For more information on the NCES CIP taxonomy, see http://nces.ed.gov/ipeds/cipcode/default.aspx?y=55 GIRNE AMERICAN UNIVERSITY TEACHING AND EXAMINATION BY LAW FOR ASSOCIATE AND BACHELOR S DEGREES GIRNE AMERICAN UNIVERSITY TEACHING AND EXAMINATION BY LAW FOR ASSOCIATE AND BACHELOR S DEGREES Name 1. This by law is referred to as the Girne American University Teaching and Examination By law for Associate NEW DEGREE PROGRAMS and AND MAJOR PROGRAM MODIFICATIONS Major changes, such as NEW DEGREE PROGRAMS and AND MAJOR PROGRAM MODIFICATIONS new degree programs and major program modifications (18 semester hours or more) new concentrations changing concentrations Senate Bill No. 850 CHAPTER 747 Senate Bill No. 850 CHAPTER 747 An act to add and repeal Article 3 (commencing with Section 78040) of Chapter 1 of Part 48 of Division 7 of Title 3 of the Education Code, relating to public postsecondary Evaluation of Undergraduate Academic Programs. Self-Study Guidelines Evaluation of Undergraduate Academic Programs Self-Study Guidelines Office of the Provost Fall 2009 Purpose This guide is designed to support academic unit efforts to evaluate undergraduate academic programs Cover/Signature Page - Abbreviated Template/Abbreviated Template with Curriculum Institution Submitting Request: Utah Valley University Proposed Title: BS in Accounting with an Emphases in Internal Auditing Minnesota State Colleges and Universities System Procedures Chapter 3 Educational Policies Minnesota State Colleges and Universities System Procedures Chapter 3 Educational Policies Academic Programs Part 1. Purpose and Applicability. Subpart A. Purpose. To establish standards, processes and SUBSTANTIVE CHANGE FOR ACCREDITED INSTITUTIONS OF THE COMMISSION ON COLLEGES. - Policy Statement - Commission on Colleges Southern Association of Colleges and Schools 1866 Southern Lane Decatur, Georgia 30033-4097 SUBSTANTIVE CHANGE FOR ACCREDITED INSTITUTIONS OF THE COMMISSION ON COLLEGES - Policy SACS REQUIREMENTS AND STANDARDS. Core Requirements SACS REQUIREMENTS AND STANDARDS Core Requirements 2.1 The institution has degree-granting authority from the appropriate government agency or agencies. (Degree-granting Authority) 2.2 The institution has Cover/Signature Page Full Template Institution Submitting Request: Utah Valley University Proposed Title: Bachelor of Science in Entrepreneurship School or Division or Location: Woodbury School of Business ILLINOIS COMMUNITY COLLEGE BOARD PROGRAM APPROVAL MANUAL ILLINOIS COMMUNITY COLLEGE BOARD PROGRAM APPROVAL MANUAL SEPTEMBER 2013 2 Table of Contents INTRODUCTION... 4 QUICK LIST: ICCB COURSE AND CURRICULUM FORMS... 6 ICCB Administrative Rules Related to Programs ESTABLISHMENT OF A GRADUATE PROGRAM LEADING TO A NEW OR EXISTING DEGREE ESTABLISHMENT OF A GRADUATE PROGRAM LEADING TO A NEW OR EXISTING DEGREE I. Purpose and Scope These procedures describe the required steps to establish a graduate degree program leading to a new or existing Texas Southern University College of Education Bylaws 2012 [Type text] 2 College of Education Bylaws Preamble Texas Southern University was founded in 1927 and became a state institution in 1947. Texas Format for Preliminary Authority Requests Format for Preliminary Authority Requests Directions: An institution shall use this format to prepare a Preliminary Authority Request. Before submitting the request, please ensure that all the specific Partnering with industry, streamlining credit, and getting students to the workforce quickly Career and Technical Education 2015 Annual Report November 2015 Career and Technical Education (CTE) is a key ingredient to meet the needs of Utah s economy. Utah System of Higher Education (USHE) institutions Oklahoma State University. INTERNAL ROUTING/SIGNATURE APPROVAL SHEET for NEW and MODIFIED DEGREE PROGRAMS Page 1 of 8 Oklahoma State University INTERNAL ROUTING/SIGNATURE APPROVAL SHEET for NEW and MODIFIED DEGREE PROGRAMS This routing sheet is to be used for all new program proposals or for modifications Department of History Policy 1.1. Faculty Evaluation. Evaluation Procedures Approved: 2/23/099 Department of History Policy 1.1 Faculty Evaluation Evaluation Procedures 1. The Department of History will evaluate all tenured and non-tenure faculty by March 1 of each academic year 244 CMR: BOARD OF REGISTRATION IN NURSING 244 CMR 6.00: APPROVAL OF NURSING EDUCATION PROGRAMS AND THE GENERAL CONDUCT THEREOF 244 CMR 6.00: APPROVAL OF NURSING EDUCATION PROGRAMS AND THE GENERAL CONDUCT THEREOF Section 6.01: Definitions 6.02: Public Notice of Nursing Education Program Approval Status 6.03: Nursing Education Programs GUIDELINES FOR ALTERNATIVE, ONLINE, OR DISTANCE EDUCATION DELIVERY OF APPROVED DEGREE PROGRAMS The UNC Policy Manual 400.1.1.2[G] Adopted 05/06/09 GUIDELINES FOR ALTERNATIVE, ONLINE, OR DISTANCE EDUCATION DELIVERY OF APPROVED DEGREE PROGRAMS The principal mode of offering degree-related courses New Program Request Form for Bachelor s and Master s Degrees New Program Request Form for Bachelor s and Master s Degrees Directions: An institution shall use this form to propose a new bachelor s or master s degree program that is in the field of engineering or New Program Proposal Doctorate of Physical Therapy (DPT) Medical University of South Carolina CHE 10/7/2004 Agenda Item 4.02.B.4. New Program Proposal Doctorate of Physical Therapy (DPT) Medical University of South Carolina Summary The Medical University of South Carolina requests approval to offer FACULTY OF THE COLLEGE OF LETTERS AND SCIENCE BYLAWS FACULTY OF THE COLLEGE OF LETTERS AND SCIENCE BYLAWS PART I. FUNCTIONS 1. The Faculty of the College of Letters and Science (Davis) shall conduct the government of that college through its elected College Coastal Carolina University Catalog 2004/2005 ADMISSIONS ADMISSIONS 25 ADMISSION INFORMATION The Office of Admissions is committed to marketing the University and attracting students who seek to attend a comprehensive liberal arts institution. As a team, we Florida Polytechnic University Board of Trustees Strategic Planning Committee December 2, 2015 Page 7 AGENDA ITEM: VII Florida Polytechnic University Board of Trustees Strategic Planning Committee December 2, 2015 Subject: First Amendment to the Campus Development Agreement Proposed Committee Action POLICY ISSUES IN BRIEF ISSUES AND SOLUTIONS for Career and Technical Education in Virginia 2015 Educators and business representatives from across Virginia, along with 10 organizations representing Career and Technical Education Cover/Signature Page - Abbreviated Template/Abbreviated Template with Curriculum Institution Submitting Request: Utah Valley University Proposed Title: Minor in Applied Data Analytics School or Division Nursing Education Programs and Licensure Requirements General Nursing Education Programs and Licensure Requirements General Nursing Education Programs and Licensure Requirements General General 20-90-45. Definition of terms As used in sections 20-90-45 to sections 6A-10.024 Articulation Between and Among Universities, Community Colleges, and School Districts. It is the intent of the Board of Governors and the 6A-10.024 Articulation Between and Among Universities, Community Colleges, and School Districts. It is the intent of the Board of Governors and the State Board of Education to facilitate articulation and ACADEMIC POLICIES AND PROCEDURES. College of Business Administration California State University, Sacramento ACADEMIC POLICIES AND PROCEDURES College of Business Administration California State University, Sacramento Contents 1. Introduction... 1 2. Reviewing Body... 1 2.1. The College of Business Administration L E V E L I M E M O R A N D U M L E V E L I M E M O R A N D U M DATE: December 10, 2010 TO: FROM: RE: Chief Academic Officers, Montana University System Sylvia Moore, Deputy Commissioner for Academic, Research, & Student Affairs John Wyoming Community College Commission Request for New, Pilot or Revised Degree or Certificate Program Wyoming Community College Commission Request for New, Pilot or Revised Degree or Certificate Program A. College: Laramie County Community College B. Date submitted to WCCC: C. Program 1. Request for: X Union County College Faculty Curriculum Committee. New Program Proposal Form Union County College Faculty Curriculum Committee New Program Proposal Form To all faculty members seeking to introduce a new program (including degree and certificate programs and options to existing Utah Valley University Bachelor of Science in Digital Marketing 08/25/2016 Cover/Signature Page Full Template Utah Valley University Bachelor of Science in Digital Marketing 08/25/2016 Cover/Signature Page Full Template Institution Submitting Request: Utah Valley University Proposed Title: Bachelor of Science A. 3. Effective date of suspended programs for currently enrolled students: (if applicable) CAA 23 Curriculum Change Form (Present only one proposed curriculum change per form) (Complete only the section(s) applicable.) Part I (Check one) Department Name Psychology New Course (Parts II, IV) College Sec. 20-90 page 1 (11-04) Department of Public Health Sec. 20-90 page 1 (11-04) TABLE OF CONTENTS The Board of Examiners for Nursing and Requirements for Registration of Professional Nurses and Certification of Licensed Practical	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line1093
__label__cc	0.724715	0.275285	› Log in to ICESCAPE \| › Create New Account Log in to ICESCAPE About ESPO Deployment Sites ESPO Archive Flight Request ASP Mission Tool Suite ESPO Home ICESCAPE Home Mission Planning Mission Calendar Cruise Track Shipborne ICESCAPE Blog Disclaimer: This material is being kept online for historical purposes. Though accurate at the time of publication, it is no longer being updated. The page may contain broken links or outdated information, and parts may not function in current web browsers. Visit espo.nasa.gov for information about our current projects. Impacts of Climate on the Eco-Systems and Chemistry of the Arctic Pacific Environment (ICESCAPE) is a multi-year NASA shipborne project. The bulk of the research will take place in the Beaufort and Chukchi Sea’s in the summers of 2010 and 2011. The Arctic sea ice cover is in decline. The retreat of the summer ice cover, a general thinning, and a transition to a younger, a more vulnerable ice pack have been well documented. Melt seasons are starting earlier and lasting longer. These changes can profoundly impact the physical, biological, and geochemical state of the Arctic Ocean region. Climate models project that changes in the ice cover may accelerate in the future, with a possible transition to ice free summers later this century. These changes are quite pronounced in the Chukchi and Beaufort Sea and have consequences for the Arctic Ocean ecosystem, potentially affecting everything from sea ice algae to polar bears. The central science question of this program is, “What is the impact of climate change (natural and anthropogenic) on the biogeochemistry and ecology of the Chukchi and Beaufort seas?” While both of these regions are experiencing significant changes in the ice cover, their biogeochemical response will likely be quite different due to their distinct physical, chemical, and biological differences. ICESCAPE will pursue the above central science question and associated issues through an interdisciplinary, cross cutting approach integrating field expeditions, modeling, and satellite remote sensing. Central to the success of this program is a quantitative and reliable determination of chemical and biological fluxes to and from open water, ice and snow surfaces, as a function of relevant environmental conditions such as the nature of the surfaces. This will be pursued in ways that couple remotely sensed information to that obtained via state-of-the-art chemical, physical and biological sensors located in water, on or under ice, and in the atmosphere. Assimilation and synthesis of data will benefit from coupled atmosphere, biology/ecology, ocean, and sea ice linked modeling. Page Last Updated: December 5, 2013 Page Editor: Dan Chirica	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line1097
__label__wiki	0.768221	0.768221	Numéro en cours Lauréats jeunes critiques Sacs esse Édition spéciale \| Jacynthe Carrier - Pièces montées Encan Appel de textes Protocoles de rédaction Concours jeunes critiques Emplois, stages et bénévolat topmenu_fr Radical Women: Latin American Art, 1960–1985, Brooklyn Museum, New York Didier Morelli Installation view, Brooklyn Museum, New York, 2018. Photo: Jonathan Dorado, courtesy of Brooklyn Museum, New York [En anglais] Radical Women: Latin American Art, 1960–1985 Brooklyn Museum, New York, April 13 — July 22, 2018 Since the opening of the Elizabeth A. Sackler Center for Feminist Art in 2007, the Brooklyn Museum in New York has advocated for the advancement of feminist art movements. Dedicating its fourth floor to the sole purpose of educating its public in feminist art, theory, and activism, it has permanently housed Judy Chicago’s iconic The Dinner Party (1979) as well as over thirty-five temporary exhibitions, with the clear intention of broadening the scope of artistic discourse. It is also the most recent host to the exhibition Radical Women: Latin American Art, 1960–1985. Co-curated by Cecilia Fajardo-Hill and Andrea Giunta, the exhibition was first organized by the Hammer Museum, Los Angeles. Bringing together more than one hundred and twenty Latin American, Latina, and Latinx artists representing fifteen countries, Radical Women provides a crucial overview of the historical and contemporary relevance of pioneer artists and collectives as they evolved during a watershed period of political upheaval and social change in the Americas. The women in the exhibition — representing the avant-garde of performance, video, photography, and conceptual art — address a lacuna within dominant twentieth-century art discourse perpetuated by colonial and gendered biases. Divided into eight thematic sections — The Self Portrait, Body Landscape, Performing the Body, Mapping the Body, Resistance and Fear, The Power of Words, Social Spaces, and The Erotic — Radical Women is rich with strongly individualized, material-based and conceptual approaches to social, political, and aesthetic issues. Beyond the eight thematic groupings, one small gallery includes a map of the Americas and a chronological list outlining relevant events in each country represented in the exhibition. With all of its ambition to feature and organize a wide range of artists, Radical Women offers few, if no, moments of repose, choosing instead to occupy every available space with an object or wall text. Although the encyclopedic nature of the exhibition might seem necessary to rectify the historical omissions it seeks to address, it proves to be limiting. In fact, sometimes it is difficult to decipher the interwoven subplots that link works with their respective artists and the particular contexts, countries, and/or years of production. From the outset, an overhead video projection of the Peruvian performer Victoria Santa Cruz entitled Me gritaron negra (They shouted black at me) (1978) grapples with the exhibition’s central themes of the body, activism, as well as race and ethnicity. Based on a childhood memory of a group of girls refusing to play with the artist because of her skin colour, the piece highlights the double oppression Santa Cruz faced as both a woman and an individual of the African diaspora. In the next room, documentation of Argentinian artist Lea Lublin’s Dissolution dans l’eau, Pont Marie, 17 heures (1978) — a performance in which the artist printed a series of stereotypical questions about women on a white banner before dropping it into the Seine River where it dissolved — hangs alongside the banner itself. Both the documentation and the object play with the potency of language, spoken word, and performative reiterations to unsettle given social and artistic power structures. Despite the smaller and somewhat awkward shape of the galleries adjacent to The Dinner Party, a selection of engaging work energizes them. Brazilian artist Claudia Andujar stands out with her black-and-white photographs and collected personal identification documents entitled Horizontal 2 and Medical card, from the series Marcados (Marked) (1981–1983), which chronicles the tension between Indigenous populations and a state apparatus that disregards them as illegitimate citizens. Many of the artists featured in Radical Women are less known to general art audiences when placed alongside better-known figures such as Lygia Clark and Ana Mendieta (artists that still deserve greater institutional recognition). The range and sheer magnitude of these works is enlightening. Documentation and props from Chilean artist Sylvia Palacios Whitman’s Passing Through (1977) and Slingshot (1975) come to mind, both of which combine surreal art objects and wearables to create a movement practice that bridges Latin American pictorial sensibilities with the minimalist aesthetics of the 1970s American dance scene. In the same gallery dedicated to “Performing the Body,” the pioneering video-dance piece by Brazilian artist Analívia Cordeiro entitled M 3x3 (1973) brings together visually fragmented moving bodies with careful camera work in order to connect coinciding and simultaneous gestures. While this is the only section of Radical Women that explicitly cites the intersections of dance, performance, and theatre as powerful forms that artists employed to address the overarching theme of the political body, performative actions and interventions are at the crux of many of the works. Such is the case in Graciela Carnevale’s Acción del encierro (Lock-up action) (1968) in which the artist invited the public to an opening reception at a gallery before locking the entrance to the venue with a padlock and leaving, forcing attendees to find their own way out. Wanting to comment on the ways in which acts of violence were carried out daily in her native Argentina, Carnevale’s mise-en-scène foregrounded key performance and conceptual art tenets of the 1970s. Like many survey shows, the artists and collectives presented demand more attention than they can be given in such a limited framework, which is especially salient given the intricately complex and singular regional, social, and political nature of each work on display. Regardless, Radical Women takes a period in art history saturated with the white male mythos and expands it, hopefully inspiring other generations of museum exhibitions to overcome the perversity of the accepted canon. Ironically, the Brooklyn Museum recently found itself at the centre of a controversy after they hired two new curators who are white, including one for a position curating the museum’s African art collection. This gesture, amongst others, prompted multiple community groups to rally in the museum’s lobby on April 29th, 2018 calling for a Decolonization Commission, which underscores the complexities of “allyship” by art institutions — even those that seek to elevate and promote radical women. Numéro: Artistes: Victoria Santa Cruz Claudia Andujar Sylvia Palacios Whitman Analívia Cordeiro Rita McKeough: Works, EMMEDIA Gallery... Curatorial Activism: Towards an Ethics... Art nomade, Le Lobe, Saguenay Clément de Gaulejac, Galerie UQO, Gati... Kathy Acker, Institute of Contemporary... Véronique Béland, Musée des beaux-arts... Adresse de nos bureaux	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line1099
__label__cc	0.521338	0.478662	(-) Remove Portugal (5) filter Portugal (5) Project acronym ACTOMYO Project Mechanisms of actomyosin-based contractility during cytokinesis Researcher (PI) Ana Costa Xavier de Carvalho Host Institution (HI) INSTITUTO DE BIOLOGIA MOLECULAR E CELULAR-IBMC Summary Cytokinesis completes cell division by partitioning the contents of the mother cell to the two daughter cells. This process is accomplished through the assembly and constriction of a contractile ring, a complex actomyosin network that remains poorly understood on the molecular level. Research in cytokinesis has overwhelmingly focused on signaling mechanisms that dictate when and where the contractile ring is assembled. By contrast, the research I propose here addresses fundamental questions about the structural and functional properties of the contractile ring itself. We will use the nematode C. elegans to exploit the power of quantitative live imaging assays in an experimentally tractable metazoan organism. The early C. elegans embryo is uniquely suited to the study of the contractile ring, as cells dividing perpendicularly to the imaging plane provide a full end-on view of the contractile ring throughout constriction. This greatly facilitates accurate measurements of constriction kinetics, ring width and thickness, and levels as well as dynamics of fluorescently-tagged contractile ring components. Combining image-based assays with powerful molecular replacement technology for structure-function studies, we will 1) determine the contribution of branched and non-branched actin filament populations to contractile ring formation; 2) explore its ultra-structural organization in collaboration with a world expert in electron microcopy; 3) investigate how the contractile ring network is dynamically remodeled during constriction with the help of a novel laser microsurgery assay that has uncovered a remarkably robust ring repair mechanism; and 4) use a targeted RNAi screen and phenotype profiling to identify new components of actomyosin contractile networks. The results from this interdisciplinary project will significantly enhance our mechanistic understanding of cytokinesis and other cellular processes that involve actomyosin-based contractility. Cytokinesis completes cell division by partitioning the contents of the mother cell to the two daughter cells. This process is accomplished through the assembly and constriction of a contractile ring, a complex actomyosin network that remains poorly understood on the molecular level. Research in cytokinesis has overwhelmingly focused on signaling mechanisms that dictate when and where the contractile ring is assembled. By contrast, the research I propose here addresses fundamental questions about the structural and functional properties of the contractile ring itself. We will use the nematode C. elegans to exploit the power of quantitative live imaging assays in an experimentally tractable metazoan organism. The early C. elegans embryo is uniquely suited to the study of the contractile ring, as cells dividing perpendicularly to the imaging plane provide a full end-on view of the contractile ring throughout constriction. This greatly facilitates accurate measurements of constriction kinetics, ring width and thickness, and levels as well as dynamics of fluorescently-tagged contractile ring components. Combining image-based assays with powerful molecular replacement technology for structure-function studies, we will 1) determine the contribution of branched and non-branched actin filament populations to contractile ring formation; 2) explore its ultra-structural organization in collaboration with a world expert in electron microcopy; 3) investigate how the contractile ring network is dynamically remodeled during constriction with the help of a novel laser microsurgery assay that has uncovered a remarkably robust ring repair mechanism; and 4) use a targeted RNAi screen and phenotype profiling to identify new components of actomyosin contractile networks. The results from this interdisciplinary project will significantly enhance our mechanistic understanding of cytokinesis and other cellular processes that involve actomyosin-based contractility. Project acronym ALH Project Alternative life histories: linking genes to phenotypes to demography Researcher (PI) Thomas Eric Reed Host Institution (HI) UNIVERSITY COLLEGE CORK - NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF IRELAND, CORK Summary Understanding how and why individuals develop strikingly different life histories is a major goal in evolutionary biology. It is also a prerequisite for conserving important biodiversity within species and predicting the impacts of environmental change on populations. The aim of my study is to examine a key threshold phenotypic trait (alternative migratory tactics) in a series of large scale laboratory and field experiments, integrating several previously independent perspectives from evolutionary ecology, ecophysiology and genomics, to produce a downstream predictive model. My chosen study species, the brown trout Salmo trutta, has an extensive history of genetic and experimental work and exhibits ‘partial migration’: individuals either migrate to sea (‘sea trout’) or remain in freshwater their whole lives. Recent advances in molecular parentage assignment, quantitative genetics and genomics (next generation sequencing and bioinformatics) will allow unprecedented insight into how alternative life history phenotypes are moulded by the interaction between genes and environment. To provide additional mechanistic understanding of these processes, the balance between metabolic requirements during growth and available extrinsic resources will be investigated as the major physiological driver of migratory behaviour. Together these results will be used to develop a predictive model to explore the consequences of rapid environmental change, accounting for the effects of genetics and environment on phenotype and on population demographics. In addition to their value for conservation and management of an iconic and key species in European freshwaters and coastal seas, these results will generate novel insight into the evolution of migratory behaviour generally, providing a text book example of how alternative life histories are shaped and maintained in wild populations. Understanding how and why individuals develop strikingly different life histories is a major goal in evolutionary biology. It is also a prerequisite for conserving important biodiversity within species and predicting the impacts of environmental change on populations. The aim of my study is to examine a key threshold phenotypic trait (alternative migratory tactics) in a series of large scale laboratory and field experiments, integrating several previously independent perspectives from evolutionary ecology, ecophysiology and genomics, to produce a downstream predictive model. My chosen study species, the brown trout Salmo trutta, has an extensive history of genetic and experimental work and exhibits ‘partial migration’: individuals either migrate to sea (‘sea trout’) or remain in freshwater their whole lives. Recent advances in molecular parentage assignment, quantitative genetics and genomics (next generation sequencing and bioinformatics) will allow unprecedented insight into how alternative life history phenotypes are moulded by the interaction between genes and environment. To provide additional mechanistic understanding of these processes, the balance between metabolic requirements during growth and available extrinsic resources will be investigated as the major physiological driver of migratory behaviour. Together these results will be used to develop a predictive model to explore the consequences of rapid environmental change, accounting for the effects of genetics and environment on phenotype and on population demographics. In addition to their value for conservation and management of an iconic and key species in European freshwaters and coastal seas, these results will generate novel insight into the evolution of migratory behaviour generally, providing a text book example of how alternative life histories are shaped and maintained in wild populations. Project acronym ANICOLEVO Project Animal coloration through deep time: evolutionary novelty, homology and taphonomy Researcher (PI) Maria McNamara Summary What does the fossil record tell us about the evolution of colour in animals through deep time? Evidence of colour in fossils can inform on the visual signalling strategies used by ancient animals. Research to date often has a narrow focus, lacks a broad phylogenetic and temporal context, and rarely incorporates information on taphonomy. This proposal represents a bold new holistic approach to the study of fossil colour: it will couple powerful imaging- and chemical analytical techniques with a rigorous programme of fossilisation experiments simulating decay, burial, and transport, and analysis of fossils and their sedimentary context, to construct the first robust models for the evolution of colour in animals through deep time. The research will resolve the original integumentary colours of fossil higher vertebrates, and the original colours of fossil hair; the fossil record of non-melanin pigments in feathers and insects; the biological significance of monotonal patterning in fossil insects; and the evolutionary history of scales and 3D photonic crystals in insects. Critically, the research will test, for the first time, whether evidence of fossil colour can solve broader evolutionary questions, e.g. the true affinities of enigmatic Cambrian chordate-like metazoans, and feather-like integumentary filaments in dinosaurs. The proposal entails construction of a dedicated experimental maturation laboratory for simulating the impact of burial on tissues. This laboratory will form the core of the world’s first integrated ‘experimental fossilisation facility’, consolidating the PI’s team as the global hub for fossil colour research. The research team comprises the PI, three postdoctoral researchers, and three PhD students, and will form an extensive research network via collaborations with 13 researchers from Europe and beyond. The project will reach out to diverse scientists and will inspire a positive attitude to science among the general public and policymakers alike. What does the fossil record tell us about the evolution of colour in animals through deep time? Evidence of colour in fossils can inform on the visual signalling strategies used by ancient animals. Research to date often has a narrow focus, lacks a broad phylogenetic and temporal context, and rarely incorporates information on taphonomy. This proposal represents a bold new holistic approach to the study of fossil colour: it will couple powerful imaging- and chemical analytical techniques with a rigorous programme of fossilisation experiments simulating decay, burial, and transport, and analysis of fossils and their sedimentary context, to construct the first robust models for the evolution of colour in animals through deep time. The research will resolve the original integumentary colours of fossil higher vertebrates, and the original colours of fossil hair; the fossil record of non-melanin pigments in feathers and insects; the biological significance of monotonal patterning in fossil insects; and the evolutionary history of scales and 3D photonic crystals in insects. Critically, the research will test, for the first time, whether evidence of fossil colour can solve broader evolutionary questions, e.g. the true affinities of enigmatic Cambrian chordate-like metazoans, and feather-like integumentary filaments in dinosaurs. The proposal entails construction of a dedicated experimental maturation laboratory for simulating the impact of burial on tissues. This laboratory will form the core of the world’s first integrated ‘experimental fossilisation facility’, consolidating the PI’s team as the global hub for fossil colour research. The research team comprises the PI, three postdoctoral researchers, and three PhD students, and will form an extensive research network via collaborations with 13 researchers from Europe and beyond. The project will reach out to diverse scientists and will inspire a positive attitude to science among the general public and policymakers alike. Project acronym BIOELECPRO Project Frontier Research on the Dielectric Properties of Biological Tissue Researcher (PI) Martin James O'Halloran Host Institution (HI) NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF IRELAND GALWAY Summary The dielectric properties of biological tissues are of fundamental importance to the understanding of the interaction of electromagnetic fields with the human body. These properties are used to determine the safety of electronic devices, and in the design, development and refinement of electromagnetic medical imaging and therapeutic devices. Many historical studies have aimed to establish the dielectric properties of a broad range of tissues. A growing number of recent studies have sought to more accurately estimate these dielectric properties by standardising measurement procedures, and in some cases, measuring the dielectric properties in-vivo. However, these studies have often produced results in direct conflict with historical studies, casting doubt on the accuracy of the currently utilised dielectric properties. At best, this uncertainty could significantly delay the development of electromagnetic imaging or therapeutic medical devices. At worst, the health dangers of electromagnetic radiation could be under-estimated. The applicant will embark upon frontier research to develop improved methods and standards for the measurement of the dielectric properties of biological tissue. The research programme will accelerate the design and development of electromagnetic imaging and therapeutic devices, at a time when the technology is gaining significant momentum. The primary objective of the research is to develop a deep understanding of the fundamental factors which contribute to errors in dielectric property measurement. These factors will include in-vivo/ex-vivo measurements and dielectric measurement method used, amongst many others. Secondly, a new open-access repository of dielectric measurements will be created based on a greatly enhanced understanding of the mechanisms underlying dielectric property measurement. Finally, new electromagnetic-based imaging and therapeutic medical devices will be investigated, based on the solid foundation of dielectric data. The dielectric properties of biological tissues are of fundamental importance to the understanding of the interaction of electromagnetic fields with the human body. These properties are used to determine the safety of electronic devices, and in the design, development and refinement of electromagnetic medical imaging and therapeutic devices. Many historical studies have aimed to establish the dielectric properties of a broad range of tissues. A growing number of recent studies have sought to more accurately estimate these dielectric properties by standardising measurement procedures, and in some cases, measuring the dielectric properties in-vivo. However, these studies have often produced results in direct conflict with historical studies, casting doubt on the accuracy of the currently utilised dielectric properties. At best, this uncertainty could significantly delay the development of electromagnetic imaging or therapeutic medical devices. At worst, the health dangers of electromagnetic radiation could be under-estimated. The applicant will embark upon frontier research to develop improved methods and standards for the measurement of the dielectric properties of biological tissue. The research programme will accelerate the design and development of electromagnetic imaging and therapeutic devices, at a time when the technology is gaining significant momentum. The primary objective of the research is to develop a deep understanding of the fundamental factors which contribute to errors in dielectric property measurement. These factors will include in-vivo/ex-vivo measurements and dielectric measurement method used, amongst many others. Secondly, a new open-access repository of dielectric measurements will be created based on a greatly enhanced understanding of the mechanisms underlying dielectric property measurement. Finally, new electromagnetic-based imaging and therapeutic medical devices will be investigated, based on the solid foundation of dielectric data. Project acronym ChromoCellDev Project Chromosome Architecture and the Fidelity of Mitosis during Development Researcher (PI) Raquel Aguiar Cardoso de Oliveira Host Institution (HI) FUNDACAO CALOUSTE GULBENKIAN Summary Genome stability relies on accurate partition of the genome during nuclear division. Proper mitosis, in turn, depends on changes in chromosome organization, such as chromosome condensation and sister chromatid cohesion. Despite the importance of these structural changes, chromatin itself has been long assumed to play a rather passive role during mitosis and chromosomes are usually compared to a “corpse at a funeral: they provide the reason for the proceedings but do not take an active part in them.” (Mazia, 1961). Recent evidence, however, suggests that chromosomes play a more active role in the process of their own segregation. The present proposal tests the “active chromosome” hypothesis by investigating how chromosome morphology influences the fidelity of mitosis. I will use innovative methods for acute protein inactivation, developed during my postdoctoral studies, to evaluate the role of two key protein complexes involved in mitotic chromosome architecture - Condensins and Cohesins. Using a multidisciplinary approach, combining acute protein inactivation, 3D-live cell imaging and quantitative methods, I propose to investigate the role of mitotic chromosomes in the fidelity of mitosis at three different levels. The first one will use novel approaches to uncover the process of mitotic chromosome assembly, which is still largely unknown. The second will explore how mitotic chromosomes take an active part in mitosis by examining how chromosome condensation and cohesion influence chromosome movement and the signalling of the surveillance mechanisms that control nuclear division. Lastly we will evaluate how mitotic errors arising from abnormal chromosome structure impact on development. We aim to evaluate, at the cellular and organism level, how the cell perceives such errors and how (indeed if) they tolerate mitotic abnormalities. By conceptually challenging the passive chromosome view this project has the potential to redefine the role of chromatin during mitosis. Genome stability relies on accurate partition of the genome during nuclear division. Proper mitosis, in turn, depends on changes in chromosome organization, such as chromosome condensation and sister chromatid cohesion. Despite the importance of these structural changes, chromatin itself has been long assumed to play a rather passive role during mitosis and chromosomes are usually compared to a “corpse at a funeral: they provide the reason for the proceedings but do not take an active part in them.” (Mazia, 1961). Recent evidence, however, suggests that chromosomes play a more active role in the process of their own segregation. The present proposal tests the “active chromosome” hypothesis by investigating how chromosome morphology influences the fidelity of mitosis. I will use innovative methods for acute protein inactivation, developed during my postdoctoral studies, to evaluate the role of two key protein complexes involved in mitotic chromosome architecture - Condensins and Cohesins. Using a multidisciplinary approach, combining acute protein inactivation, 3D-live cell imaging and quantitative methods, I propose to investigate the role of mitotic chromosomes in the fidelity of mitosis at three different levels. The first one will use novel approaches to uncover the process of mitotic chromosome assembly, which is still largely unknown. The second will explore how mitotic chromosomes take an active part in mitosis by examining how chromosome condensation and cohesion influence chromosome movement and the signalling of the surveillance mechanisms that control nuclear division. Lastly we will evaluate how mitotic errors arising from abnormal chromosome structure impact on development. We aim to evaluate, at the cellular and organism level, how the cell perceives such errors and how (indeed if) they tolerate mitotic abnormalities. By conceptually challenging the passive chromosome view this project has the potential to redefine the role of chromatin during mitosis. Project acronym COSIP Project Clarifying Optimal Sodium Intake Project Researcher (PI) Martin James O'Donnell Summary Hypertension is a leading risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) globally, accounting for 25-35% of the population-attributable fraction. Sodium (salt) intake is a key determinant of blood pressure, and reducing sodium intake has emerged as an important target for population-based interventions to prevent CVD. However, there is considerable uncertainty about the optimal level of sodium (salt) intake that is associated with lowest CVD risk, and whether optimal levels differ for different populations and individuals. In this proposal, we will answer key fundamental research questions about the association of sodium intake with blood pressure and CVD risk. Our research challenges current guideline recommendations of low-sodium intake for all populations. Specifically, we will: a) determine whether sustained (long-term) low sodium intake is associated with beneficial (or adverse) effects on established and novel CV biomarkers. b) explore whether inter-daily ‘pattern’ of sodium intake is an important determinant of 24-hour blood pressure pattern; c) determine whether the association between sodium intake and CVD varies by ethnicity, sex, age, other dietary factors (e.g. potassium intake), or other factors in 2 large international epidemiologic studies (PURE and INTERSTROKE; n>125,000 individuals). d) quantify the population-attributable fraction of excess sodium intake on global burden of CVD (stroke, myocardial infarction, heart failure and CV death), and model the potential impact of various population-based approaches to reducing sodium intake; e) determine whether sodium intake is associated with other vascular-related clinical conditions, namely including atrial fibrillation, cognitive impairment and falls (providing novel information); f) determine whether genetic variants associated with ‘salt sensitivity’ and hypertension are association with blood pressure and stroke, and whether these associations are modified by sodium intake. Hypertension is a leading risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) globally, accounting for 25-35% of the population-attributable fraction. Sodium (salt) intake is a key determinant of blood pressure, and reducing sodium intake has emerged as an important target for population-based interventions to prevent CVD. However, there is considerable uncertainty about the optimal level of sodium (salt) intake that is associated with lowest CVD risk, and whether optimal levels differ for different populations and individuals. In this proposal, we will answer key fundamental research questions about the association of sodium intake with blood pressure and CVD risk. Our research challenges current guideline recommendations of low-sodium intake for all populations. Specifically, we will: a) determine whether sustained (long-term) low sodium intake is associated with beneficial (or adverse) effects on established and novel CV biomarkers. b) explore whether inter-daily ‘pattern’ of sodium intake is an important determinant of 24-hour blood pressure pattern; c) determine whether the association between sodium intake and CVD varies by ethnicity, sex, age, other dietary factors (e.g. potassium intake), or other factors in 2 large international epidemiologic studies (PURE and INTERSTROKE; n>125,000 individuals). d) quantify the population-attributable fraction of excess sodium intake on global burden of CVD (stroke, myocardial infarction, heart failure and CV death), and model the potential impact of various population-based approaches to reducing sodium intake; e) determine whether sodium intake is associated with other vascular-related clinical conditions, namely including atrial fibrillation, cognitive impairment and falls (providing novel information); f) determine whether genetic variants associated with ‘salt sensitivity’ and hypertension are association with blood pressure and stroke, and whether these associations are modified by sodium intake. Project acronym Human Decisions Project The Neural Determinants of Perceptual Decision Making in the Human Brain Researcher (PI) Redmond O'connell Host Institution (HI) THE PROVOST, FELLOWS, FOUNDATION SCHOLARS & THE OTHER MEMBERS OF BOARD OF THE COLLEGE OF THE HOLY & UNDIVIDED TRINITY OF QUEEN ELIZABETH NEAR DUBLIN Summary How do we make reliable decisions given sensory information that is often weak or ambiguous? Current theories center on a brain mechanism whereby sensory evidence is integrated over time into a “decision variable” which triggers the appropriate action upon reaching a criterion. Neural signals fitting this role have been identified in monkey electrophysiology but efforts to study the neural dynamics underpinning human decision making have been hampered by technical challenges associated with non-invasive recording. This proposal builds on a recent paradigm breakthrough made by the applicant that enables parallel tracking of discrete neural signals that can be unambiguously linked to the three key information processing stages necessary for simple perceptual decisions: sensory encoding, decision formation and motor preparation. Chief among these is a freely-evolving decision variable signal which builds at an evidence-dependent rate up to an action-triggering threshold and precisely determines the timing and accuracy of perceptual reports at the single-trial level. This provides an unprecedented neurophysiological window onto the distinct parameters of the human decision process such that the underlying mechanisms of several major behavioral phenomena can finally be investigated. This proposal seeks to develop a systems-level understanding of perceptual decision making in the human brain by tackling three core questions: 1) what are the neural adaptations that allow us to deal with speed pressure and variations in the reliability of the physically presented evidence? 2) What neural mechanism determines our subjective confidence in a decision? and 3) How does aging impact on the distinct neural components underpinning perceptual decision making? Each of the experiments described in this proposal will definitively test key predictions from prominent theoretical models using a combination of temporally precise neurophysiological measurement and psychophysical modelling. How do we make reliable decisions given sensory information that is often weak or ambiguous? Current theories center on a brain mechanism whereby sensory evidence is integrated over time into a “decision variable” which triggers the appropriate action upon reaching a criterion. Neural signals fitting this role have been identified in monkey electrophysiology but efforts to study the neural dynamics underpinning human decision making have been hampered by technical challenges associated with non-invasive recording. This proposal builds on a recent paradigm breakthrough made by the applicant that enables parallel tracking of discrete neural signals that can be unambiguously linked to the three key information processing stages necessary for simple perceptual decisions: sensory encoding, decision formation and motor preparation. Chief among these is a freely-evolving decision variable signal which builds at an evidence-dependent rate up to an action-triggering threshold and precisely determines the timing and accuracy of perceptual reports at the single-trial level. This provides an unprecedented neurophysiological window onto the distinct parameters of the human decision process such that the underlying mechanisms of several major behavioral phenomena can finally be investigated. This proposal seeks to develop a systems-level understanding of perceptual decision making in the human brain by tackling three core questions: 1) what are the neural adaptations that allow us to deal with speed pressure and variations in the reliability of the physically presented evidence? 2) What neural mechanism determines our subjective confidence in a decision? and 3) How does aging impact on the distinct neural components underpinning perceptual decision making? Each of the experiments described in this proposal will definitively test key predictions from prominent theoretical models using a combination of temporally precise neurophysiological measurement and psychophysical modelling. Project acronym LOCOMOUSE Project Cerebellar circuit mechanisms of coordinated locomotion in mice Researcher (PI) Megan Rose Carey Host Institution (HI) FUNDACAO D. ANNA SOMMER CHAMPALIMAUD E DR. CARLOS MONTEZ CHAMPALIMAUD Summary A remarkable aspect of motor control is our seemingly effortless ability to generate coordinated movements. How is activity within neural circuits orchestrated to allow us to engage in complex activities like gymnastics, riding a bike, or walking down the street while drinking a cup of coffee? The cerebellum is critical for coordinated movement, and the well-described, stereotyped circuitry of the cerebellum has made it an attractive system for neural circuits research. Much is known about how activity and plasticity in its identified cell types contribute to simple forms of motor learning. In contrast, while gait ataxia, or uncoordinated walking, is a hallmark of cerebellar damage, the circuit mechanisms underlying cerebellar contributions to coordinated locomotion are not well understood. One limitation has been the difficulty in extracting quantitative measures of coordination from the complex, whole body action of locomotion. We have developed a custom-built system (LocoMouse) to analyze mouse locomotor coordination. It tracks continuous paw, snout, and tail trajectories in 3D with unprecedented spatiotemporal resolution and it has allowed us to identify specific, quantitative locomotor elements that depend on intact cerebellar function. Here we will combine this quantitative behavioral approach with electrophysiology and optogenetics to investigate circuit mechanisms of locomotor coordination. We will 1) Optogenetically silence the output of cerebellar subregions to understand their distinct contributions to locomotion. 2) Record from identified neurons and correlate their activity with specific locomotor parameters. 3) Optogenetically stimulate defined cell types to investigate circuit mechanisms of coordinated locomotion. These experiments will establish causal relationships between neural circuit activity and coordinated motor control, a problem with important implications for both health and disease. A remarkable aspect of motor control is our seemingly effortless ability to generate coordinated movements. How is activity within neural circuits orchestrated to allow us to engage in complex activities like gymnastics, riding a bike, or walking down the street while drinking a cup of coffee? The cerebellum is critical for coordinated movement, and the well-described, stereotyped circuitry of the cerebellum has made it an attractive system for neural circuits research. Much is known about how activity and plasticity in its identified cell types contribute to simple forms of motor learning. In contrast, while gait ataxia, or uncoordinated walking, is a hallmark of cerebellar damage, the circuit mechanisms underlying cerebellar contributions to coordinated locomotion are not well understood. One limitation has been the difficulty in extracting quantitative measures of coordination from the complex, whole body action of locomotion. We have developed a custom-built system (LocoMouse) to analyze mouse locomotor coordination. It tracks continuous paw, snout, and tail trajectories in 3D with unprecedented spatiotemporal resolution and it has allowed us to identify specific, quantitative locomotor elements that depend on intact cerebellar function. Here we will combine this quantitative behavioral approach with electrophysiology and optogenetics to investigate circuit mechanisms of locomotor coordination. We will 1) Optogenetically silence the output of cerebellar subregions to understand their distinct contributions to locomotion. 2) Record from identified neurons and correlate their activity with specific locomotor parameters. 3) Optogenetically stimulate defined cell types to investigate circuit mechanisms of coordinated locomotion. These experiments will establish causal relationships between neural circuit activity and coordinated motor control, a problem with important implications for both health and disease. Project acronym SCENT Project SCENT: Hybrid Gels for Rapid Microbial Detection Researcher (PI) Ana Roque Host Institution (HI) NOVA ID FCT - ASSOCIACAO PARA A INOVACAO E DESENVOLVIMENTO DA FCT Summary Antimicrobial resistant bacteria are a global threat spreading at an alarming pace. They cause over 25,000 annual deaths in the EU, and represent an economic burden exceeding €1.5 billion a year. Current methods for microbial detection in clinical settings take about 24-36 h, but for slow-growing bacteria, as those causing tuberculosis, it can take more than a week. Early-detection and confinement of the infected individuals are the only ways to provide adequate therapy and control infection spread. Thus, tools for rapid identification of bacterial infections are greatly needed. The analysis of microbial volatile metabolites is an area of increasing interest in diagnostics. Recent works demonstrate that fast microbial identification is possible with chemical nose sensors. These sensors usually present limited stability and selectivity, and require aggressive conditions during processing and operation. Bioinspired nose sensors employing biological olfactory receptors are an alternative. Unfortunately, their complexity and low stability are a limitation. My group recently discovered a new class of stimulus-responsive gels which tackle these key challenges. Our gels are customisable and have a low environmental footprint associated. I intend to further explore their potential to advance the field of odour detection, while providing new tools for the scientific community. I will focus specifically in fast microbial detection. To accomplish this, I propose to 1) build libraries of hybrid gels with semi-selective and selective properties, 2) generate odorant specific peptides mimicking olfactory receptors, 3) fully characterise the gels, 4) assemble artificial noses for analysis of microbial volatiles, 5) create databases with organism-specific signal signatures, 6) identify pathogenic bacteria, including those with acquired antimicrobial-resistances. This project is a timely approach which will place Europe in the forefront of infectious disease control. Antimicrobial resistant bacteria are a global threat spreading at an alarming pace. They cause over 25,000 annual deaths in the EU, and represent an economic burden exceeding €1.5 billion a year. Current methods for microbial detection in clinical settings take about 24-36 h, but for slow-growing bacteria, as those causing tuberculosis, it can take more than a week. Early-detection and confinement of the infected individuals are the only ways to provide adequate therapy and control infection spread. Thus, tools for rapid identification of bacterial infections are greatly needed. The analysis of microbial volatile metabolites is an area of increasing interest in diagnostics. Recent works demonstrate that fast microbial identification is possible with chemical nose sensors. These sensors usually present limited stability and selectivity, and require aggressive conditions during processing and operation. Bioinspired nose sensors employing biological olfactory receptors are an alternative. Unfortunately, their complexity and low stability are a limitation. My group recently discovered a new class of stimulus-responsive gels which tackle these key challenges. Our gels are customisable and have a low environmental footprint associated. I intend to further explore their potential to advance the field of odour detection, while providing new tools for the scientific community. I will focus specifically in fast microbial detection. To accomplish this, I propose to 1) build libraries of hybrid gels with semi-selective and selective properties, 2) generate odorant specific peptides mimicking olfactory receptors, 3) fully characterise the gels, 4) assemble artificial noses for analysis of microbial volatiles, 5) create databases with organism-specific signal signatures, 6) identify pathogenic bacteria, including those with acquired antimicrobial-resistances. This project is a timely approach which will place Europe in the forefront of infectious disease control. Project acronym TEC_Pro Project Molecular control of self-renewal and lineage specification in thymic epithelial cell progenitors in vivo. Researcher (PI) Nuno Miguel De Oliveira Lages Alves Summary The development of vaccines for the treatment of infectious diseases, cancer and autoimmunity depends on our knowledge of T-cell differentiation. This proposal is focused on studying the thymus, the organ responsible for the generation of T cells that are responsive against pathogen-derived antigens, and yet tolerant to self. Within the thymus, thymic epithelial cells (TECs) provide key inductive microenvironments for the development and selection of T cells that arise from hematopoietic progenitors. As a result, defects in TEC differentiation cause syndromes that range from immunodeficiency to autoimmunity, which makes the study of TECs of fundamental, and clinical, importance to understand immunity and tolerance induction. TECs are divided into two functionally distinct cortical (cTECs) and medullary (mTECs) subtypes, which derive from common bipotent TEC progenitors (TEPs). Yet, the genetic and epigenetic details that control cTEC/mTEC lineage specifications from TEPs are unsettled. My objectives are to identify TEC progenitors and their niches within the thymus, define new molecular components involved in their self-renewal and lineage potential, and elucidate the epigenetic codes that regulate the genetic programs during cTEC/mTEC fate decisions. We take a global approach to examine TEC differentiation, which integrates the study of molecular processes taking place at cellular level and the analysis of in vivo mouse models. Using advanced research tools that combine reporter mice, clonogenic assays, organotypic cultures, high-throughput RNAi screen and genome-wide epigenetic and transcriptomic profiling, we will dissect the principles that underlie the self-renewal and lineage differentiation of TEC progenitors in vivo. I believe this project has the potential to contribute to one of the great challenges of modern immunology – modulate thymic function through the induction of TEPs - and therefore, represents a major advance in Health Sciences. The development of vaccines for the treatment of infectious diseases, cancer and autoimmunity depends on our knowledge of T-cell differentiation. This proposal is focused on studying the thymus, the organ responsible for the generation of T cells that are responsive against pathogen-derived antigens, and yet tolerant to self. Within the thymus, thymic epithelial cells (TECs) provide key inductive microenvironments for the development and selection of T cells that arise from hematopoietic progenitors. As a result, defects in TEC differentiation cause syndromes that range from immunodeficiency to autoimmunity, which makes the study of TECs of fundamental, and clinical, importance to understand immunity and tolerance induction. TECs are divided into two functionally distinct cortical (cTECs) and medullary (mTECs) subtypes, which derive from common bipotent TEC progenitors (TEPs). Yet, the genetic and epigenetic details that control cTEC/mTEC lineage specifications from TEPs are unsettled. My objectives are to identify TEC progenitors and their niches within the thymus, define new molecular components involved in their self-renewal and lineage potential, and elucidate the epigenetic codes that regulate the genetic programs during cTEC/mTEC fate decisions. We take a global approach to examine TEC differentiation, which integrates the study of molecular processes taking place at cellular level and the analysis of in vivo mouse models. Using advanced research tools that combine reporter mice, clonogenic assays, organotypic cultures, high-throughput RNAi screen and genome-wide epigenetic and transcriptomic profiling, we will dissect the principles that underlie the self-renewal and lineage differentiation of TEC progenitors in vivo. I believe this project has the potential to contribute to one of the great challenges of modern immunology – modulate thymic function through the induction of TEPs - and therefore, represents a major advance in Health Sciences.	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line1104
__label__wiki	0.580673	0.580673	Project acronym DigitalValues Project The Construction of Values in Digital Spheres Researcher (PI) Limor Shifman Host Institution (HI) THE HEBREW UNIVERSITY OF JERUSALEM Summary In recent decades, social media has emerged as a central arena for the construction of values. Artifacts such as YouTube videos, Facebook posts, and tweets reflect and shape what people across the globe consider important, desirable, or reprehensible. Understanding this pervasive value ecology is key to deciphering the political, cultural, and social processes governing the twenty-first century. In this project, I will conduct the first comprehensive study of values in social media. I will explore the following over-arching questions: How are values constructed through social media? Which values are emphasized in these spheres? To what extent are social media platforms associated with the globalization of values? In addressing these fundamental issues, I will apply an entirely new approach for the conceptualization and study of values. Carried out comparatively in five languages, DigitalValues will explore the interaction between three facets of value construction: (a) explicit uses of the terms “value” and “values”; (b) the implicit construction of values in genres of user-generated content; and (c) users’ interpretation and evaluation of values through both private meaning-making and public social practices of commenting, sharing, and liking. The project is theoretically, empirically, and methodologically groundbreaking in a number of ways: (1) it will be a pioneering large-scale study employing inductive methods to explore the construction of values through everyday cultural artifacts; (2) as a foundational study of values in social media, it will yield a novel theory of value construction as an intersection between individuals, technologies, and sociocultural contexts; (3) it will generate new methods for infering values from verbal texts, combining qualitative, quantitative, and automated analyses; (4) finally, it will yield a comprehensive map of values as expressed across languages and platforms, leading to a new understanding of the globalization of values. In recent decades, social media has emerged as a central arena for the construction of values. Artifacts such as YouTube videos, Facebook posts, and tweets reflect and shape what people across the globe consider important, desirable, or reprehensible. Understanding this pervasive value ecology is key to deciphering the political, cultural, and social processes governing the twenty-first century. In this project, I will conduct the first comprehensive study of values in social media. I will explore the following over-arching questions: How are values constructed through social media? Which values are emphasized in these spheres? To what extent are social media platforms associated with the globalization of values? In addressing these fundamental issues, I will apply an entirely new approach for the conceptualization and study of values. Carried out comparatively in five languages, DigitalValues will explore the interaction between three facets of value construction: (a) explicit uses of the terms “value” and “values”; (b) the implicit construction of values in genres of user-generated content; and (c) users’ interpretation and evaluation of values through both private meaning-making and public social practices of commenting, sharing, and liking. The project is theoretically, empirically, and methodologically groundbreaking in a number of ways: (1) it will be a pioneering large-scale study employing inductive methods to explore the construction of values through everyday cultural artifacts; (2) as a foundational study of values in social media, it will yield a novel theory of value construction as an intersection between individuals, technologies, and sociocultural contexts; (3) it will generate new methods for infering values from verbal texts, combining qualitative, quantitative, and automated analyses; (4) finally, it will yield a comprehensive map of values as expressed across languages and platforms, leading to a new understanding of the globalization of values. Project acronym GeoArchMag Project Beyond the Holocene Geomagnetic field resolution Researcher (PI) Ron Shaar Summary For decades the Holocene has been considered a flat and “boring” epoch from the standpoint of paleomagnetism, mainly due to insufficient resolution of the available paleomagnetic data. However, recent archaeomagnetic data have revealed that the Holocene geomagnetic field is anything but stable – presenting puzzling intervals of extreme decadal-scale fluctuations and unexpected departures from a simple dipolar field structure. This new information introduced an entirely new paradigm to the study of the geomagnetic field and to a wide range of research areas relying on paleomagnetic data, such as geochronology, climate research, and geodynamo exploration. This proposal aims at breaking the resolution limits in paleomagnetism, and providing a continuous time series of the geomagnetic field vector throughout the Holocene at decadal resolution and unprecedented accuracy. To this end I will use an innovative assemblage of data sources, jointly unique to the Levant, including rare archaeological finds, annual laminated stalagmites, varved sediments, and arid playa deposits. Together, these sources can provide unprecedented yearly resolution, whereby the “absolute” archaeomagnetic data can calibrate “relative” terrestrial data. The geomagnetic data will define an innovative absolute geomagnetic chronology that will be used to synchronize cosmogenic 10Be data and an extensive body of paleo-climatic indicators. With these in hand, I will address four ground-breaking problems: I) Chronology: Developing dating technique for resolving critical controversies in Levantine archaeology and Quaternary geology. II) Geophysics: Exploring fine-scale geodynamo features in Earth’s core from new generations of global geomagnetic models. III) Cosmogenics: Correlating fast geomagnetic variations with cosmogenic isotope production rate. IV) Climate: Testing one of the most challenging controversial questions in geomagnetism: “Does the Earth's magnetic field play a role in climate changes?” For decades the Holocene has been considered a flat and “boring” epoch from the standpoint of paleomagnetism, mainly due to insufficient resolution of the available paleomagnetic data. However, recent archaeomagnetic data have revealed that the Holocene geomagnetic field is anything but stable – presenting puzzling intervals of extreme decadal-scale fluctuations and unexpected departures from a simple dipolar field structure. This new information introduced an entirely new paradigm to the study of the geomagnetic field and to a wide range of research areas relying on paleomagnetic data, such as geochronology, climate research, and geodynamo exploration. This proposal aims at breaking the resolution limits in paleomagnetism, and providing a continuous time series of the geomagnetic field vector throughout the Holocene at decadal resolution and unprecedented accuracy. To this end I will use an innovative assemblage of data sources, jointly unique to the Levant, including rare archaeological finds, annual laminated stalagmites, varved sediments, and arid playa deposits. Together, these sources can provide unprecedented yearly resolution, whereby the “absolute” archaeomagnetic data can calibrate “relative” terrestrial data. The geomagnetic data will define an innovative absolute geomagnetic chronology that will be used to synchronize cosmogenic 10Be data and an extensive body of paleo-climatic indicators. With these in hand, I will address four ground-breaking problems: I) Chronology: Developing dating technique for resolving critical controversies in Levantine archaeology and Quaternary geology. II) Geophysics: Exploring fine-scale geodynamo features in Earth’s core from new generations of global geomagnetic models. III) Cosmogenics: Correlating fast geomagnetic variations with cosmogenic isotope production rate. IV) Climate: Testing one of the most challenging controversial questions in geomagnetism: “Does the Earth's magnetic field play a role in climate changes?” Project acronym MERIR Project Methane related iron reduction processes in sediments: Hidden couplings and their significance for carbon and iron cycles Researcher (PI) Orit Sivan Host Institution (HI) BEN-GURION UNIVERSITY OF THE NEGEV Call Details Consolidator Grant (CoG), PE10, ERC-2018-COG Summary About one-third of annual methane (CH4) emissions to the atmosphere originate from natural, nonanthropogenic sources. However, if all the naturally produced methane actually did reach the atmosphere, its levels would increase by an order of magnitude, dwarfing anthropogenic CO2 emissions. Fortunately, natural scavengers of this methane near its production zone limit its release. One of these scavengers, iron (Fe) oxide, can become a major sink for methane when sulfate concentrations are low. Methane-iron couplings in established sediments, however, are poorly understood. Specifically, significant iron oxide reduction has been observed in many aquatic sediments at depths well below its expected redox zone, where methane is produced by methanogenesis, often accompanied by decreases in methane concentrations. These observations challenge our understandings of iron-methane couplings and microbial players in the deep methanogenic zone and their impacts on the carbon, iron and other cycles. I aim in the proposed research to elucidate the unexplored mechanisms of methane-related iron reduction (MERIR) in the methanogenic zone of established sedimentary profiles under various environmental conditions and their impact on global biogeochemical cycles. I will resolve two striking yet unexplained phenomena: (1) the active involvement of aerobic methanotrophs in iron-coupled anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM), and (2) the unusual reactivity of iron minerals toward reduction that is accompanied by intensive authigenic magnetite precipitation, and the effects of this mineralogy change on sedimentary magnetism. My expertise will enable me to achieve the objectives of this interdisciplinary proposed work using novel approaches from different fields. The project will likely lead to breakthroughs in our understanding of microbial survival strategies, reveal novel pathways for aerobic methanotrophs, and change our perspectives on iron mineral reactivities and sedimentary magnetism. About one-third of annual methane (CH4) emissions to the atmosphere originate from natural, nonanthropogenic sources. However, if all the naturally produced methane actually did reach the atmosphere, its levels would increase by an order of magnitude, dwarfing anthropogenic CO2 emissions. Fortunately, natural scavengers of this methane near its production zone limit its release. One of these scavengers, iron (Fe) oxide, can become a major sink for methane when sulfate concentrations are low. Methane-iron couplings in established sediments, however, are poorly understood. Specifically, significant iron oxide reduction has been observed in many aquatic sediments at depths well below its expected redox zone, where methane is produced by methanogenesis, often accompanied by decreases in methane concentrations. These observations challenge our understandings of iron-methane couplings and microbial players in the deep methanogenic zone and their impacts on the carbon, iron and other cycles. I aim in the proposed research to elucidate the unexplored mechanisms of methane-related iron reduction (MERIR) in the methanogenic zone of established sedimentary profiles under various environmental conditions and their impact on global biogeochemical cycles. I will resolve two striking yet unexplained phenomena: (1) the active involvement of aerobic methanotrophs in iron-coupled anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM), and (2) the unusual reactivity of iron minerals toward reduction that is accompanied by intensive authigenic magnetite precipitation, and the effects of this mineralogy change on sedimentary magnetism. My expertise will enable me to achieve the objectives of this interdisciplinary proposed work using novel approaches from different fields. The project will likely lead to breakthroughs in our understanding of microbial survival strategies, reveal novel pathways for aerobic methanotrophs, and change our perspectives on iron mineral reactivities and sedimentary magnetism. Project acronym PrefrontalMap Project Organization and learning-associated dynamics of prefrontal synaptic connectivity Researcher (PI) Ofer YIZHAR Host Institution (HI) WEIZMANN INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE Summary How does experience alter the functional architecture of synaptic connections in neural circuits? This question is particularly pertinent for the complex circuits of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), a high-order associative neocortical area that plays a crucial role in flexible, goal-directed behavior. The mPFC is densely interconnected with cortical and subcortical circuits, and its neurons were shown to undergo substantial experience-dependent structural remodeling that is thought to support learning and memory consolidation. However, little is known regarding the synaptic organization of this complex circuit, and of the functional implications of its experience-dependent structural remodeling. In this proposal, we aim to uncover the organization and learning-associated dynamics of functional connectivity in the mouse mPFC. To obtain high-resolution maps of cell type-specific synaptic connectivity in the mPFC, we will combine single-cell optogenetic manipulation with calcium imaging and electrophysiology in vitro, and establish the circuit-wide organization of connectivity within and between defined projecting neuron populations. We will test the hypothesis that pyramidal neurons projecting to subcortical targets form tightly interconnected subnetworks, and that inhibitory inputs to these networks, through selective innervation, can modulate information output from the mPFC. To understand how learning changes the functional synaptic organization of the mPFC, we will establish an all-optical system for interrogation of synaptic connectivity in vivo. We will utilize this powerful platform to test the hypothesis that prefrontal-dependent learning is associated with reorganization of local-circuit functional connectivity among identified subcortically-projecting cell assemblies. Our innovative technology will be widely applicable for neural circuit analysis in a variety of systems, and allow us to gain new insights into the complex circuitry of the mPFC. How does experience alter the functional architecture of synaptic connections in neural circuits? This question is particularly pertinent for the complex circuits of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), a high-order associative neocortical area that plays a crucial role in flexible, goal-directed behavior. The mPFC is densely interconnected with cortical and subcortical circuits, and its neurons were shown to undergo substantial experience-dependent structural remodeling that is thought to support learning and memory consolidation. However, little is known regarding the synaptic organization of this complex circuit, and of the functional implications of its experience-dependent structural remodeling. In this proposal, we aim to uncover the organization and learning-associated dynamics of functional connectivity in the mouse mPFC. To obtain high-resolution maps of cell type-specific synaptic connectivity in the mPFC, we will combine single-cell optogenetic manipulation with calcium imaging and electrophysiology in vitro, and establish the circuit-wide organization of connectivity within and between defined projecting neuron populations. We will test the hypothesis that pyramidal neurons projecting to subcortical targets form tightly interconnected subnetworks, and that inhibitory inputs to these networks, through selective innervation, can modulate information output from the mPFC. To understand how learning changes the functional synaptic organization of the mPFC, we will establish an all-optical system for interrogation of synaptic connectivity in vivo. We will utilize this powerful platform to test the hypothesis that prefrontal-dependent learning is associated with reorganization of local-circuit functional connectivity among identified subcortically-projecting cell assemblies. Our innovative technology will be widely applicable for neural circuit analysis in a variety of systems, and allow us to gain new insights into the complex circuitry of the mPFC. Project acronym PROFECI Project Mediating the Future: The Social Dynamics of Public Projections Researcher (PI) Keren TENENBOIM-WEINBLATT Summary People’s lives, both as individuals and at the collective level, are guided by projections about the future. This project aims to understand the complex processes through which projections about political issues, such as the outcomes and implications of elections, referenda, crises or wars, are formulated and negotiated within and through the media. It develops a new interdisciplinary approach and research tools for studying how projections evolve over time and through the contribution of various social actors (such as politicians, experts and journalists), and how they are received and acted upon by the public. The focus is on at least three retrospective case studies (projections about the Brexit referendum; the civil war in Syria; and Donald Trump's presidential bid) as well as three real-time case studies (to be selected based on geopolitical developments), characterised by high-visibility and involving projections with far-reaching implications. PROFECI integrates cutting-edge qualitative, quantitative and automated approaches to capture the interactive process underlying the construction and evolution of public projections, and their reciprocal relationship with people’s expectations and behaviour. It begins with an in-depth investigation of the construction, transformation and reception of projections made by key actors, using textual analysis of the source projections and their journalistic coverage, reconstruction interviews with experts and journalists, and focus groups with public members. The results of this stage inform the development of tools for a large-scale diachronic automated text analysis and panel surveys, which will be applied to the real-time and the retrospective case studies. By elucidating the life cycle of projections in a mediated environment, PROFECI opens up new avenues for understanding and researching adaptive social processes, such as self-fulfilling and self-defeating prophecies, and the role of the media in shaping the future. People’s lives, both as individuals and at the collective level, are guided by projections about the future. This project aims to understand the complex processes through which projections about political issues, such as the outcomes and implications of elections, referenda, crises or wars, are formulated and negotiated within and through the media. It develops a new interdisciplinary approach and research tools for studying how projections evolve over time and through the contribution of various social actors (such as politicians, experts and journalists), and how they are received and acted upon by the public. The focus is on at least three retrospective case studies (projections about the Brexit referendum; the civil war in Syria; and Donald Trump's presidential bid) as well as three real-time case studies (to be selected based on geopolitical developments), characterised by high-visibility and involving projections with far-reaching implications. PROFECI integrates cutting-edge qualitative, quantitative and automated approaches to capture the interactive process underlying the construction and evolution of public projections, and their reciprocal relationship with people’s expectations and behaviour. It begins with an in-depth investigation of the construction, transformation and reception of projections made by key actors, using textual analysis of the source projections and their journalistic coverage, reconstruction interviews with experts and journalists, and focus groups with public members. The results of this stage inform the development of tools for a large-scale diachronic automated text analysis and panel surveys, which will be applied to the real-time and the retrospective case studies. By elucidating the life cycle of projections in a mediated environment, PROFECI opens up new avenues for understanding and researching adaptive social processes, such as self-fulfilling and self-defeating prophecies, and the role of the media in shaping the future. Project acronym RECENT-TO-REMOTE Project Remote Memory Consolidation Based on Activity, Connectivity and Stability; Contribution of Neurons and Astrocytes. Researcher (PI) Inbal GOSHEN Summary Our remote memories, weeks to decades long, define who we are and how we experience the world, yet almost nothing is known about the neuronal ensembles encoding them, or the mechanisms underlying the transition from recent to remote memory. I propose a novel hypothesis explaining the selection of the ensembles supporting remote memories based on their activity, connectivity and stability. I further suggest that 'systems consolidation', underlying the transition from recent to remote memory, is implemented by ongoing interactions between brain regions. Finally, I propose a novel role for astrocytes in recent and remote memory. My Specific Objectives are to: 1) Provide multi-dimensional characterization of the neuronal ensembles supporting recent and remote memory, by using activity-based tagging to show how recent and remote recall ensembles differ in activity, connectivity and stability. 2) Perturb the functional connectivity underlying 'systems consolidation' by employing connectivity-based tagging to label specific hippocampal and cortical projection neurons, image their activity during recent and remote memory, and causally demonstrate their functional significance to systems consolidation. 3) Determine the role of astrocytes in recent and remote memory consolidation and retrieval. We will manipulate astrocytes to show their role in recent and remote memory, ensemble allocation, and long-distance communication between neuronal populations. We will image astrocytic activity during a memory task to test if they can independently encode memory features, and how their activity corresponds to that of the neurons around them. This pioneering ERC project, comprised of innovative and ambitious experiments going far and beyond the state of the art in the field, will drive considerable progress to our contemporary understanding of the transition from recent to remote memory, identifying ensemble dynamics and critical projections and how they are modulated by astrocytes. Our remote memories, weeks to decades long, define who we are and how we experience the world, yet almost nothing is known about the neuronal ensembles encoding them, or the mechanisms underlying the transition from recent to remote memory. I propose a novel hypothesis explaining the selection of the ensembles supporting remote memories based on their activity, connectivity and stability. I further suggest that 'systems consolidation', underlying the transition from recent to remote memory, is implemented by ongoing interactions between brain regions. Finally, I propose a novel role for astrocytes in recent and remote memory. My Specific Objectives are to: 1) Provide multi-dimensional characterization of the neuronal ensembles supporting recent and remote memory, by using activity-based tagging to show how recent and remote recall ensembles differ in activity, connectivity and stability. 2) Perturb the functional connectivity underlying 'systems consolidation' by employing connectivity-based tagging to label specific hippocampal and cortical projection neurons, image their activity during recent and remote memory, and causally demonstrate their functional significance to systems consolidation. 3) Determine the role of astrocytes in recent and remote memory consolidation and retrieval. We will manipulate astrocytes to show their role in recent and remote memory, ensemble allocation, and long-distance communication between neuronal populations. We will image astrocytic activity during a memory task to test if they can independently encode memory features, and how their activity corresponds to that of the neurons around them. This pioneering ERC project, comprised of innovative and ambitious experiments going far and beyond the state of the art in the field, will drive considerable progress to our contemporary understanding of the transition from recent to remote memory, identifying ensemble dynamics and critical projections and how they are modulated by astrocytes. Project acronym ReligSpace Project The Effect of Manifestations of Religion in the Public Space on Sociopolitical Integration of Minority-Religion Immigrants Researcher (PI) Pazit BEN-NUN BLOOM Summary Recent globalization and immigration trends are motivating tremendous efforts to regulate manifestations of minority religions in the public space, such as religious structures, stores, attire, and rituals (hereafter, spatial religious manifestations). Yet the empirical literature has, to date, not taken on the methodologically and conceptually challenging undertaking of theorizing, operationalizing, and assessing this dimension of religion. In particular, it remains unclear what causal effect manifestations of religion in the public space have on minority-religion immigrants’ sociopolitical integration: do they, by validating immigrants’ identity, facilitate a sense of belonging and the endorsement of local practices, or nurture alienation and hostility toward the host society? Integrating up-to-date theories and methods from political science, psychology, sociology, and geography, and optimizing external and internal validity, this project is the first large-scale research to examine the causal effect of exposure to spatial religious cues on sociopolitical integration, studying minority-religion immigrants of the three monotheistic religions in four urban settings. The research will be divided into three work packages: (1) conceptualization and operationalization of spatial religious manifestations; (2) comparative naturalistic and survey-embedded experiments examining the effect of real-world spatial religious cues on minority-religion immigrants’ sociopolitical integration; and (3) a panel survey with longitudinal geocoded data analyzing the conditions in which spatial religious cues are particularly instrumental in local-level integration. Besides developing a novel approach to the study of religion in politics, this project will open new horizons in the understanding of aggregated religious priming effects in real-world settings, with insights into the dynamics that would advance a more inclusive society via nuanced policies and informed urban planning. Recent globalization and immigration trends are motivating tremendous efforts to regulate manifestations of minority religions in the public space, such as religious structures, stores, attire, and rituals (hereafter, spatial religious manifestations). Yet the empirical literature has, to date, not taken on the methodologically and conceptually challenging undertaking of theorizing, operationalizing, and assessing this dimension of religion. In particular, it remains unclear what causal effect manifestations of religion in the public space have on minority-religion immigrants’ sociopolitical integration: do they, by validating immigrants’ identity, facilitate a sense of belonging and the endorsement of local practices, or nurture alienation and hostility toward the host society? Integrating up-to-date theories and methods from political science, psychology, sociology, and geography, and optimizing external and internal validity, this project is the first large-scale research to examine the causal effect of exposure to spatial religious cues on sociopolitical integration, studying minority-religion immigrants of the three monotheistic religions in four urban settings. The research will be divided into three work packages: (1) conceptualization and operationalization of spatial religious manifestations; (2) comparative naturalistic and survey-embedded experiments examining the effect of real-world spatial religious cues on minority-religion immigrants’ sociopolitical integration; and (3) a panel survey with longitudinal geocoded data analyzing the conditions in which spatial religious cues are particularly instrumental in local-level integration. Besides developing a novel approach to the study of religion in politics, this project will open new horizons in the understanding of aggregated religious priming effects in real-world settings, with insights into the dynamics that would advance a more inclusive society via nuanced policies and informed urban planning.	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line1105
__label__wiki	0.616493	0.616493	Displaying 1 - 10 of 70. Show 10 \| 20 \| 50 results per page. Project acronym ABYSS Project ABYSS - Assessment of bacterial life and matter cycling in deep-sea surface sediments Researcher (PI) Antje Boetius Host Institution (HI) ALFRED-WEGENER-INSTITUT HELMHOLTZ-ZENTRUM FUR POLAR- UND MEERESFORSCHUNG Summary The deep-sea floor hosts a distinct microbial biome covering 67% of the Earth’s surface, characterized by cold temperatures, permanent darkness, high pressure and food limitation. The surface sediments are dominated by bacteria, with on average a billion cells per ml. Benthic bacteria are highly relevant to the Earth’s element cycles as they remineralize most of the organic matter sinking from the productive surface ocean, and return nutrients, thereby promoting ocean primary production. What passes the bacterial filter is a relevant sink for carbon on geological time scales, influencing global oxygen and carbon budgets, and fueling the deep subsurface biosphere. Despite the relevance of deep-sea sediment bacteria to climate, geochemical cycles and ecology of the seafloor, their genetic and functional diversity, niche differentiation and biological interactions remain unknown. Our preliminary work in a global survey of deep-sea sediments enables us now to target specific genes for the quantification of abyssal bacteria. We can trace isotope-labeled elements into communities and single cells, and analyze the molecular alteration of organic matter during microbial degradation, all in context with environmental dynamics recorded at the only long-term deep-sea ecosystem observatory in the Arctic that we maintain. I propose to bridge biogeochemistry, ecology, microbiology and marine biology to develop a systematic understanding of abyssal sediment bacterial community distribution, diversity, function and interactions, by combining in situ flux studies and different visualization techniques with a wide range of molecular tools. Substantial progress is expected in understanding I) identity and function of the dominant types of indigenous benthic bacteria, II) dynamics in bacterial activity and diversity caused by variations in particle flux, III) interactions with different types and ages of organic matter, and other biological factors. The deep-sea floor hosts a distinct microbial biome covering 67% of the Earth’s surface, characterized by cold temperatures, permanent darkness, high pressure and food limitation. The surface sediments are dominated by bacteria, with on average a billion cells per ml. Benthic bacteria are highly relevant to the Earth’s element cycles as they remineralize most of the organic matter sinking from the productive surface ocean, and return nutrients, thereby promoting ocean primary production. What passes the bacterial filter is a relevant sink for carbon on geological time scales, influencing global oxygen and carbon budgets, and fueling the deep subsurface biosphere. Despite the relevance of deep-sea sediment bacteria to climate, geochemical cycles and ecology of the seafloor, their genetic and functional diversity, niche differentiation and biological interactions remain unknown. Our preliminary work in a global survey of deep-sea sediments enables us now to target specific genes for the quantification of abyssal bacteria. We can trace isotope-labeled elements into communities and single cells, and analyze the molecular alteration of organic matter during microbial degradation, all in context with environmental dynamics recorded at the only long-term deep-sea ecosystem observatory in the Arctic that we maintain. I propose to bridge biogeochemistry, ecology, microbiology and marine biology to develop a systematic understanding of abyssal sediment bacterial community distribution, diversity, function and interactions, by combining in situ flux studies and different visualization techniques with a wide range of molecular tools. Substantial progress is expected in understanding I) identity and function of the dominant types of indigenous benthic bacteria, II) dynamics in bacterial activity and diversity caused by variations in particle flux, III) interactions with different types and ages of organic matter, and other biological factors. Project acronym AdaptoSCOPE Project Using cis-regulatory mutations to highlight polygenic adaptation in natural plant systems Researcher (PI) Juliette de Meaux Host Institution (HI) UNIVERSITAET ZU KOELN Summary The goal of this project is to demonstrate that novel aspects of the molecular basis of Darwinian adaptation can be discovered if the polygenic basis of adaptation is taken into account. This project will use the genome-wide distribution of cis-regulatory variants to discover the molecular pathways that are optimized during adaptation via accumulation of small effect mutations. Current approaches include scans for outlier genes with strong population genetics signatures of selection, or large effect QTL associating with fitness. They can only reveal a small subset of the molecular changes recruited along adaptive paths. Here, instead, the distribution of small effect mutations will be used to make inferences on the targets of polygenic adaptation across divergent populations in each of the two closely related species, A. thaliana and A. lyrata. These species are both found at diverse latitudes and show sign of local adaptation to climatic differences. Mutations affecting cis-regulation will be identified in leaves of plants exposed to various temperature regimes triggering phenotypic responses of adaptive relevance. Their distribution in clusters of functionally connected genes will be quantified. The phylogeographic differences in the distribution of the mutations will be used to disentangle neutral from adaptive clusters of functionally connected genes in each of the two species. This project will identify the molecular pathways subjected collectively to natural selection and provide a completely novel view on adaptive landscapes. It will further examine whether local adaptation occurs by convergent evolution of molecular systems in plants. This approach has the potential to find broad applications in ecology and agriculture. The goal of this project is to demonstrate that novel aspects of the molecular basis of Darwinian adaptation can be discovered if the polygenic basis of adaptation is taken into account. This project will use the genome-wide distribution of cis-regulatory variants to discover the molecular pathways that are optimized during adaptation via accumulation of small effect mutations. Current approaches include scans for outlier genes with strong population genetics signatures of selection, or large effect QTL associating with fitness. They can only reveal a small subset of the molecular changes recruited along adaptive paths. Here, instead, the distribution of small effect mutations will be used to make inferences on the targets of polygenic adaptation across divergent populations in each of the two closely related species, A. thaliana and A. lyrata. These species are both found at diverse latitudes and show sign of local adaptation to climatic differences. Mutations affecting cis-regulation will be identified in leaves of plants exposed to various temperature regimes triggering phenotypic responses of adaptive relevance. Their distribution in clusters of functionally connected genes will be quantified. The phylogeographic differences in the distribution of the mutations will be used to disentangle neutral from adaptive clusters of functionally connected genes in each of the two species. This project will identify the molecular pathways subjected collectively to natural selection and provide a completely novel view on adaptive landscapes. It will further examine whether local adaptation occurs by convergent evolution of molecular systems in plants. This approach has the potential to find broad applications in ecology and agriculture. Project acronym ARISE Project The Ecology of Antibiotic Resistance Researcher (PI) Roy Kishony Host Institution (HI) TECHNION - ISRAEL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY Summary Main goal. We aim to understand the puzzling coexistence of antibiotic-resistant and antibiotic-sensitive species in natural soil environments, using novel quantitative experimental techniques and mathematical analysis. The ecological insights gained will be translated into novel treatment strategies for combating antibiotic resistance. Background. Microbial soil ecosystems comprise communities of species interacting through copious secretion of antibiotics and other chemicals. Defence mechanisms, i.e. resistance to antibiotics, are ubiquitous in these wild communities. However, in sharp contrast to clinical settings, resistance does not take over the population. Our hypothesis is that the ecological setting provides natural mechanisms that keep antibiotic resistance in check. We are motivated by our recent finding that specific antibiotic combinations can generate selection against resistance and that soil microbial strains produce compounds that directly target antibiotic resistant mechanisms. Approaches. We will: (1) Isolate natural bacterial species from individual grains of soil, characterize their ability to produce and resist antibiotics and identify the spatial scale for correlations between resistance and production. (2) Systematically measure interactions between species and identify interaction patterns enriched in co-existing communities derived from the same grain of soil. (3) Introducing fluorescently-labelled resistant and sensitive strains into natural soil, we will measure the fitness cost and benefit of antibiotic resistance in situ and identify natural compounds that select against resistance. (4) Test whether such “selection-inverting” compounds can slow evolution of resistance to antibiotics in continuous culture experiments. Conclusions. These findings will provide insights into the ecological processes that keep antibiotic resistance in check, and will suggest novel antimicrobial treatment strategies. Main goal. We aim to understand the puzzling coexistence of antibiotic-resistant and antibiotic-sensitive species in natural soil environments, using novel quantitative experimental techniques and mathematical analysis. The ecological insights gained will be translated into novel treatment strategies for combating antibiotic resistance. Background. Microbial soil ecosystems comprise communities of species interacting through copious secretion of antibiotics and other chemicals. Defence mechanisms, i.e. resistance to antibiotics, are ubiquitous in these wild communities. However, in sharp contrast to clinical settings, resistance does not take over the population. Our hypothesis is that the ecological setting provides natural mechanisms that keep antibiotic resistance in check. We are motivated by our recent finding that specific antibiotic combinations can generate selection against resistance and that soil microbial strains produce compounds that directly target antibiotic resistant mechanisms. Approaches. We will: (1) Isolate natural bacterial species from individual grains of soil, characterize their ability to produce and resist antibiotics and identify the spatial scale for correlations between resistance and production. (2) Systematically measure interactions between species and identify interaction patterns enriched in co-existing communities derived from the same grain of soil. (3) Introducing fluorescently-labelled resistant and sensitive strains into natural soil, we will measure the fitness cost and benefit of antibiotic resistance in situ and identify natural compounds that select against resistance. (4) Test whether such “selection-inverting” compounds can slow evolution of resistance to antibiotics in continuous culture experiments. Conclusions. These findings will provide insights into the ecological processes that keep antibiotic resistance in check, and will suggest novel antimicrobial treatment strategies. Project acronym Beacon Project Beacons in the Dark Researcher (PI) Paulo César Carvalho Freire Summary BEACON aims at performing an ambitious multi-disciplinary (optical, radio astronomy and theoretical physics) study to enable a fundamentally improved understanding of gravitation and space-time. For almost a century Einstein's general relativity has been the last word on gravity. However, superstring theory predicts new gravitational phenomena beyond relativity. In this proposal I will attempt to detect these new phenomena, with a sensitivity 20 times better than state-of-the-art attempts. A successful detection would take physics beyond its current understanding of the Universe. These new gravitational phenomena are emission of dipolar gravitational waves and the violation of the strong equivalence principle (SEP). I plan to look for them by timing newly discovered binary pulsars. I will improve upon the best current limits on dipolar gravitational wave emission by a factor of 20 within the time of this proposal. I also plan to develop a test of the Strong Equivalence Principle using a new pulsar/main-sequence star binary. The precision of this test is likely to surpass the current best limits within the time frame of this proposal and then keep improving indefinitely with time. This happens because this is the cleanest gravitational experiment ever carried out. In order to further these goals, I plan to build the ultimate pulsar observing system. By taking advantage of recent technological advances in microwave engineering (particularly sensitive ultra-wide band receivers) digital electronics (fast analogue-to-digital converters and digital spectrometers) and computing, my team and me will be able to greatly improve the sensitivity and precision for pulsar timing experiments and exploit the capabilities of modern radio telescopes to their limits. Pulsars are the beacons that will guide me in these new, uncharted seas. BEACON aims at performing an ambitious multi-disciplinary (optical, radio astronomy and theoretical physics) study to enable a fundamentally improved understanding of gravitation and space-time. For almost a century Einstein's general relativity has been the last word on gravity. However, superstring theory predicts new gravitational phenomena beyond relativity. In this proposal I will attempt to detect these new phenomena, with a sensitivity 20 times better than state-of-the-art attempts. A successful detection would take physics beyond its current understanding of the Universe. These new gravitational phenomena are emission of dipolar gravitational waves and the violation of the strong equivalence principle (SEP). I plan to look for them by timing newly discovered binary pulsars. I will improve upon the best current limits on dipolar gravitational wave emission by a factor of 20 within the time of this proposal. I also plan to develop a test of the Strong Equivalence Principle using a new pulsar/main-sequence star binary. The precision of this test is likely to surpass the current best limits within the time frame of this proposal and then keep improving indefinitely with time. This happens because this is the cleanest gravitational experiment ever carried out. In order to further these goals, I plan to build the ultimate pulsar observing system. By taking advantage of recent technological advances in microwave engineering (particularly sensitive ultra-wide band receivers) digital electronics (fast analogue-to-digital converters and digital spectrometers) and computing, my team and me will be able to greatly improve the sensitivity and precision for pulsar timing experiments and exploit the capabilities of modern radio telescopes to their limits. Pulsars are the beacons that will guide me in these new, uncharted seas. Project acronym BEAMING Project Detecting massive-planet/brown-dwarf/low-mass-stellar companions with the beaming effect Researcher (PI) Moshe Zvi Mazeh Host Institution (HI) TEL AVIV UNIVERSITY Summary "I propose to lead an international observational effort to characterize the population of massive planets, brown dwarf and stellar secondaries orbiting their parent stars with short periods, up to 10-30 days. The effort will utilize the superb, accurate, continuous lightcurves of more than hundred thousand stars obtained recently by two space missions – CoRoT and Kepler. I propose to use these lightcurves to detect non-transiting low-mass companions with a new algorithm, BEER, which I developed recently together with Simchon Faigler. BEER searches for the beaming effect, which causes the stellar intensity to increase if the star is moving towards the observer. The combination of the beaming effect with other modulations induced by a low-mass companion produces periodic modulation with a specific signature, which is used to detect small non-transiting companions. The accuracy of the space mission lightcurves is enough to detect massive planets with short periods. The proposed project is equivalent to a radial-velocity survey of tens of thousands of stars, instead of the presently active surveys which observe only hundreds of stars. We will use an assortment of telescopes to perform radial velocity follow-up observations in order to confirm the existence of the detected companions, and to derive their masses and orbital eccentricities. We will discover many tens, if not hundreds, of new massive planets and brown dwarfs with short periods, and many thousands of new binaries. The findings will enable us to map the mass, period, and eccentricity distributions of planets and stellar companions, determine the upper mass of planets, understand the nature of the brown-dwarf desert, and put strong constrains on the theory of planet and binary formation and evolution." "I propose to lead an international observational effort to characterize the population of massive planets, brown dwarf and stellar secondaries orbiting their parent stars with short periods, up to 10-30 days. The effort will utilize the superb, accurate, continuous lightcurves of more than hundred thousand stars obtained recently by two space missions – CoRoT and Kepler. I propose to use these lightcurves to detect non-transiting low-mass companions with a new algorithm, BEER, which I developed recently together with Simchon Faigler. BEER searches for the beaming effect, which causes the stellar intensity to increase if the star is moving towards the observer. The combination of the beaming effect with other modulations induced by a low-mass companion produces periodic modulation with a specific signature, which is used to detect small non-transiting companions. The accuracy of the space mission lightcurves is enough to detect massive planets with short periods. The proposed project is equivalent to a radial-velocity survey of tens of thousands of stars, instead of the presently active surveys which observe only hundreds of stars. We will use an assortment of telescopes to perform radial velocity follow-up observations in order to confirm the existence of the detected companions, and to derive their masses and orbital eccentricities. We will discover many tens, if not hundreds, of new massive planets and brown dwarfs with short periods, and many thousands of new binaries. The findings will enable us to map the mass, period, and eccentricity distributions of planets and stellar companions, determine the upper mass of planets, understand the nature of the brown-dwarf desert, and put strong constrains on the theory of planet and binary formation and evolution." Project acronym BIODESERT Project Biological feedbacks and ecosystem resilience under global change: a new perspective on dryland desertification Researcher (PI) Fernando Tomás Maestre Gil Host Institution (HI) UNIVERSIDAD DE ALICANTE Summary Changes in climate and land use (e.g., increased grazing pressure), are two main global change components that also act as major desertification drivers. Understanding how drylands will respond to these drivers is crucial because they occupy 41% of the terrestrial surface and are home to over 38% of the world’s human population. Land degradation already affects ~250 million people in the developing world, which rely upon the provision of many ecosystem processes (multifunctionality). This proposal aims to develop a better understanding of the functioning and resilience of drylands (i.e. their ability to respond to and recover from disturbances) to major desertification drivers. Its objectives are to: 1) test how changes in climate and grazing pressure determine spatiotemporal patterns in multifunctionality in global drylands, 2) assess how biotic attributes (e.g., biodiversity, cover) modulate ecosystem resilience to climate change and grazing pressure at various spatial scales, 3) test and develop early warning indicators of desertification, and 4) forecast the onset of desertification and its ecological consequences under different climate and grazing scenarios. I will use various biotic communities/attributes, ecosystem services and spatial scales (from local to global), and will combine approaches from several disciplines. Such comprehensive and highly integrated research endeavor is novel and constitutes a ground breaking advance over current research efforts on desertification. This project will provide a mechanistic understanding on the processes driving multifunctionality under different global change scenarios, as well as key insights to forecast future scenarios for the provisioning of ecosystem services in drylands, and to test and develop early warning indicators of desertification. This is of major importance to attain global sustainability and key Millennium Development Goals, such as the eradication of poverty. Changes in climate and land use (e.g., increased grazing pressure), are two main global change components that also act as major desertification drivers. Understanding how drylands will respond to these drivers is crucial because they occupy 41% of the terrestrial surface and are home to over 38% of the world’s human population. Land degradation already affects ~250 million people in the developing world, which rely upon the provision of many ecosystem processes (multifunctionality). This proposal aims to develop a better understanding of the functioning and resilience of drylands (i.e. their ability to respond to and recover from disturbances) to major desertification drivers. Its objectives are to: 1) test how changes in climate and grazing pressure determine spatiotemporal patterns in multifunctionality in global drylands, 2) assess how biotic attributes (e.g., biodiversity, cover) modulate ecosystem resilience to climate change and grazing pressure at various spatial scales, 3) test and develop early warning indicators of desertification, and 4) forecast the onset of desertification and its ecological consequences under different climate and grazing scenarios. I will use various biotic communities/attributes, ecosystem services and spatial scales (from local to global), and will combine approaches from several disciplines. Such comprehensive and highly integrated research endeavor is novel and constitutes a ground breaking advance over current research efforts on desertification. This project will provide a mechanistic understanding on the processes driving multifunctionality under different global change scenarios, as well as key insights to forecast future scenarios for the provisioning of ecosystem services in drylands, and to test and develop early warning indicators of desertification. This is of major importance to attain global sustainability and key Millennium Development Goals, such as the eradication of poverty. Project acronym BIOSTASES Project BIOdiversity, STAbility and sustainability in Spatial Ecological and social-ecological Systems Researcher (PI) Michel Loreau Summary Biodiversity loss is one of the greatest environmental challenges of our time. There is mounting evidence that biodiversity increases the stability of ecosystem functions and services, suggesting that it may be critical to the sustainability of ecosystems and human societies in the face of environmental changes. Classical ecological theory, however, has focused on measures of stability that cannot explain and predict these stabilizing effects, especially in spatial systems. The goal of BIOSTASES is to develop a coherent body of new theory on the stability of ecosystems and coupled social–ecological systems and its relationships with biodiversity at multiple spatial scales that can better inform empirical research. BIOSTASES will reach this goal through four complementary objectives. First, it will propose a mathematical framework focused on temporal variability as an empirically relevant measure of stability, and use this framework to build robust early warning signals for critical transitions. Second, it will use dynamical metacommunity models to explore a wide range of novel questions related to ecosystem stability and diversity–stability relationships across scales. Third, it will study the stability of complex meta-ecosystems to provide new perspectives on the stability of food webs and on synergies and trade-offs between multiple ecosystem services across space. Fourth, it will develop novel theory to study the long-term dynamics and sustainability of coupled social–ecological systems. BIOSTASES proposes an ambitious innovative research programme that will provide new perspectives on the stability and sustainability of ecological and coupled social–ecological systems in the face of environmental changes. It will contribute to bridging the gaps between theoretical and empirical ecology and between ecology and social sciences, and to developing new approaches in biodiversity conservation, landscape management, and sustainable development. Biodiversity loss is one of the greatest environmental challenges of our time. There is mounting evidence that biodiversity increases the stability of ecosystem functions and services, suggesting that it may be critical to the sustainability of ecosystems and human societies in the face of environmental changes. Classical ecological theory, however, has focused on measures of stability that cannot explain and predict these stabilizing effects, especially in spatial systems. The goal of BIOSTASES is to develop a coherent body of new theory on the stability of ecosystems and coupled social–ecological systems and its relationships with biodiversity at multiple spatial scales that can better inform empirical research. BIOSTASES will reach this goal through four complementary objectives. First, it will propose a mathematical framework focused on temporal variability as an empirically relevant measure of stability, and use this framework to build robust early warning signals for critical transitions. Second, it will use dynamical metacommunity models to explore a wide range of novel questions related to ecosystem stability and diversity–stability relationships across scales. Third, it will study the stability of complex meta-ecosystems to provide new perspectives on the stability of food webs and on synergies and trade-offs between multiple ecosystem services across space. Fourth, it will develop novel theory to study the long-term dynamics and sustainability of coupled social–ecological systems. BIOSTASES proposes an ambitious innovative research programme that will provide new perspectives on the stability and sustainability of ecological and coupled social–ecological systems in the face of environmental changes. It will contribute to bridging the gaps between theoretical and empirical ecology and between ecology and social sciences, and to developing new approaches in biodiversity conservation, landscape management, and sustainable development. Project acronym CHEMPLAN Project Astrochemistry and the Origin of Planetary Systems Researcher (PI) Ewine Fleur Van Dishoeck Summary When interstellar clouds collapse to form new stars and planets, the surrounding gas and dust become part of the infalling envelopes and rotating disks, thus providing the basic material from which new solar systems are made. Instrumentation to probe the physics and chemistry in low-mass star-forming regions has so far lacked spatial resolution. I propose here an integrated observational-modeling-laboratory program to survey protostars and disks on the relevant scales of 1-50 AU where planet formation takes place. The observations are centered on new data coming from the Atacama Large Millimeter / submillimeter Array (ALMA), and the analysis includes unique new data from key programs on Herschel, Spitzer and VLT that I am (co-)leading. The combination of millimeter and infrared data allows the full range of temperatures from 10-2000 K in star- and planet- forming regions to be probed, for both gas and solids. The molecular line data are used as diagnostics of physical parameters (such as UV field, cosmic ray ionization rate, kinematics, mixing, shock strength, grain growth, gas/dust ratios) as well as to follow the chemistry of water and complex organic molecules from cores to disks, which ultimately may be delivered to terrestrial planets. The implications for the history of volatile material in our own solar systen and exo-planetary atmospheres will be assessed by comparing models and data with cometary taxonomy and, ultimately, feeding them into planet population synthesis models. Altogether, this program will bring the link between interstellar chemistry and solar system and exo-planetary research to a new level. The project will train four PhD students in a truly interdisciplinary environment in which they are exposed to all aspects of molecular astrophysics and have access to ample ALMA expertise, and it will prepare two postdocs for future faculty positions. When interstellar clouds collapse to form new stars and planets, the surrounding gas and dust become part of the infalling envelopes and rotating disks, thus providing the basic material from which new solar systems are made. Instrumentation to probe the physics and chemistry in low-mass star-forming regions has so far lacked spatial resolution. I propose here an integrated observational-modeling-laboratory program to survey protostars and disks on the relevant scales of 1-50 AU where planet formation takes place. The observations are centered on new data coming from the Atacama Large Millimeter / submillimeter Array (ALMA), and the analysis includes unique new data from key programs on Herschel, Spitzer and VLT that I am (co-)leading. The combination of millimeter and infrared data allows the full range of temperatures from 10-2000 K in star- and planet- forming regions to be probed, for both gas and solids. The molecular line data are used as diagnostics of physical parameters (such as UV field, cosmic ray ionization rate, kinematics, mixing, shock strength, grain growth, gas/dust ratios) as well as to follow the chemistry of water and complex organic molecules from cores to disks, which ultimately may be delivered to terrestrial planets. The implications for the history of volatile material in our own solar systen and exo-planetary atmospheres will be assessed by comparing models and data with cometary taxonomy and, ultimately, feeding them into planet population synthesis models. Altogether, this program will bring the link between interstellar chemistry and solar system and exo-planetary research to a new level. The project will train four PhD students in a truly interdisciplinary environment in which they are exposed to all aspects of molecular astrophysics and have access to ample ALMA expertise, and it will prepare two postdocs for future faculty positions.	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line1106
__label__wiki	0.809274	0.809274	Preparations being made to bring Abid Boxer back to Pakistan February 9, 2018 Pakistan, Punjab, Top StoriesSharif Nouman LAHORE (92 News) – Preparations being made to bring notorious ex-inspector of police and encounter specialist Abid Boxer back to Pakistan from Dubai where he was arrested yesterday by the Interpol. Startling revelations are expected with the repatriation of the ex-cop from Dubai as many questions need to be investigated regarding the former encounter specialist. On Thursday, former police inspector Abid Boxer was arrested by the Interpol from Dubai airport. He had been on the run for the past 11 years for his involvement in extrajudicial killings, connections with the underworld and land-grabbing allegations. The former officer had fled to Dubai in 2007 in order to avoid arrest and for fear of being killed. Authorities had been searching for him ever since but Abid had been keeping a very low profile which helped in his evasion. He joined the police force on sports basis and was promoted to the rank of inspector after he killed a number of people in fake encounters on the orders of his superiors. The encounter specialist will soon be shifted to Lahore. On the other hand, Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI) chairman Imran Khan has announced to move the Supreme Court against Punjab Chief Minister Shahbaz Sharif over the allegations leveled by former inspector Abid Boxer. He said that former inspector had confessed to having killed the people on the order of the Punjab chief minister. “For this reason, the court terms them (Sharifs) a mafia. There are separate laws for the powerful and the weak,” he maintained. ← Pakistan cannot ignore its security concerns to fulfill Washington’s demands: Ahsan Iqbal Reuters says Myanmar held journalists for probing Rohingya massacre →	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line1109
__label__wiki	0.946751	0.946751	92Q Playlist B’more Local Church Directory Urban One Honors 2019 “Q” Music Spotlight Entertainment Report In The Era Of #OscarsSoWhite, The NAACP Image Awards Matter More Than Ever With the hashtag #OscarsSoWhite inspiring dialogue around the White-washed Academy Awards, the NAACP Image Awards are even more important. Evette Dionne Source: Frederick M. Brown / Getty In her viral Facebook video, Jada Pinkett-Smith declared a boycott of the Academy Awards – and also challenged Black actors, directors and writers to reinvest in their communities. “The Academy has the right to acknowledge whomever they choose, to invite whomever they choose,” the Magic Mike XXL star said in reference to the Academy of Motion Pictures and Sciences nominating all white actors for the second consecutive year. “And now I think that it is our responsibility now to make a change,” she continued. “Maybe it’s time to pull back our resources and we put them back into our communities, into our programs, and we make programs for ourselves that acknowledge us in ways that we see fit that are just as good as the so-called mainstream ones.” The NAACP Image Awards fulfill the vision Pinkett-Smith sets forth in her Facebook statement. The Image Awards have celebrated “outstanding achievements and performances of people of color in the arts, as well as those individuals or groups who promote social justice through their creative endeavors” since 1967. There was an immense need for the Image Awards in the 1960’s. America was reckoning with the impact of Jim Crow laws on basic liberties, like using public restrooms, obtaining a quality education and accessing state-funded transportation. Simultaneously, black artists were shut out of mainstream awards ceremonies, like the Academy Awards and the Golden Globes. Amid that turmoil, the Image Awards emerged to serve as a safe space for artists and activists. It was an opportunity to shine a reflection on ourselves when others deemed us unworthy of praise. For almost 50 years, the Image Awards have continued this important legacy. Films that are considered cultural touchstones, like The Color Purple, Boyz ‘n the Hood, Sister Act, Malcolm X, Waiting to Exhale, Soul Food, How Stella Got Her Groove Back, and The Best Man earned Image Awards for Outstanding Motion Picture when they weren’t considered worthy of inclusion at the Academy Awards or were nominated but didn’t win. Actors that are unrecognizable outside of black communities are greeted with respect and admiration at the Image Awards. Before Mo’Nique was an Academy Award-winning actress, she won four Outstanding Actress in a Comedy Series awards for her role as Nikki Parker on UPN’s The Parkers. The acclaimed actress remembered the importance of that when she appeared on “Sway in the Morning” in July 2014. “To me, it wasn’t the Oscar,” Mo’Nique explained. “For me, it was the Image Award because as a little girl who watched the Oscars, I didn’t see people who looked like me. So my dream never was getting an Oscar. But when I watched the Image Awards and I saw those women that looked like me getting called up on that stage, I said: ‘one day, baby, they gone call my name for that award.’ It was that award that made me feel like dreams do come true.” Dreams are brought to fruition at the Image Awards. We are able to honor our own for what they’ve done and what they will do. In a time when black people are being killed with impunity by crazed vigilantes and police officers, we need our souls filled. The NAACP Image Awards continue to provide that nourishment. John Legend Will Be Honored At This Year’s NAACP Image Awards Pantsuits And Pink: Best Slays From The NAACP Image Awards Luncheon 2016 NAACP Image Awards Nominees Black Excellence: The Complete List Of The 2016 NAACP Image Award Nominees 100 photos Launch gallery 1. It's That Time Of Year Again! Source:Getty 1 of 100 2. Outstanding Literary Work (Youth/Teens) 7. Outstanding Literary Work (Children) 10. Outstanding Literary Work (Children) Source:Getty 10 of 100 12. Outstanding Literary Work (Poetry) 17. Outstanding Literary Work (Instructional) Source:Getty Images 17 of 100 22. Outstanding Literary Work (Biography/ Auto-Biography) 27. Outstanding Literary Work (Debut Author) 32. Outstanding Literary Work (Non-Fiction) 37. Outstanding Literary Work (Fiction) 42. Outstanding Song (Contemporary) 46. Outstanding Album 51. Outstanding Song (Traditional) Source:Getty Images/Gilbert Carrasquillo 55 of 100 56. Outstanding Music Video 61. Outstanding Gospel Album (Traditional or Contemporary) 66. Outstanding Jazz Album 71. Outstanding Duo, Group or Collaboration 76. Outstanding Female Artist Source:PJ Rickards 77 of 100 81. Outstanding Male Artist 82. 14355367838159 83. Outstanding New Artist 91. Outstanding Character Voice-Over Performance (Television or Film) 96. Outstanding Directing in a Motion Picture (Film) 99. Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Drama Series 100. Outstanding Directing in a Motion Picture (Film) Source:Getty 100 of 100 Continue reading Black Excellence: The Complete List Of The 2016 NAACP Image Award Nominees In The Era Of #OscarsSoWhite, The NAACP Image Awards Matter More Than Ever was originally published on hellobeautiful.com Academy Awards , imagecomm , Jada Pinkett Smith , NAACP Image Awards , Oscar's Urban One Honors: Urban One Founder & Chairwoman… J.Cole Drops Revenge Of The Dreamers III –… Trailer: ‘Charm City Kings’ Highlights Baltimore Bike Culture,…	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line1110
__label__cc	0.630821	0.369179	Главная » Dream interpretation » Dream Interpretation: Why the Door Dreams — Interpretation by Dream Interpretation Dream Interpretation: Why the Door Dreams — Interpretation by Dream Interpretation What dreams of the door on the dream book To find out what the dream of the door to dream, carefully read this article. It contains sensible, analyzing which, you can better understand yourself, guess what will happen to you in the future and avoid mistakes. Dream Miller Entering the door in a dream — you will make desperate attempts to protect your reputation. But to do this will not work, because your detractors have dismissed a huge amount of rumors about your person, who was believed by others. The only door in the distance is a dark corridor that resembles the one through which you entered your room as a child — fortunately. You will gain it thanks to a person with whom you will soon meet and will find in it a kindred spirit. He will become a like-minded friend, and will support in everything. Being in front of the door during a heavy rain — due to a rash act, harm other people. Try to be less frivolous, so that in the future you don’t have to deal with the very unpleasant consequences of your deed. Seeing people enter and exit in a huge flow is not a very favorable sign. There will be many obstacles on your life path that will be difficult to overcome. And all the difficulties you mostly create yourself. Seeing the door falling off its hinges as you close it — a warning that your friends are in grave danger. Only you are able to help, so try not to leave your loved ones without your support and encourage them with a kind word. Freight’s Dream Interpretation The famous psychotherapist in all dreams saw the meaning associated with the sex life of a person. The doors in his interpretations are a symbol of the female genital organs. Here are his interpretations: Standing in front of a closed door — you sympathize with one person, lust for him, but can’t make up your mind to take the first step, fearing failure. If you do not stop to doubt, the matter will continue without the slightest development. Pull your hands to the closed door and find that it is not locked — the person you like is experiencing retaliatory feelings. One has only to confess his desires, and he willingly will meet. Losing the keys to the house — to problems in sexual relationships. The partner is not enough your attention, so he will continually refuse intimate intimacy. But your kindness and some tact will help to correct the situation. Problems in order to open the door — to diseases of the reproductive system. because of which upset intimate life. But if you go to a doctor and heal your ailment, everything will get better very quickly. Covering the door with varnish or paint is a sign of your baseless jealousy, which often becomes a source of problems in a relationship. You can explode because of a trifle and offend your partner with suspicions. If you do not start to control yourself, the case may end in a break. Installing a new door — you often limit yourself and suppress your own desires. You want a bright passion and change of partners, but do not want and are afraid of condemnation. Out of the door — you are bored with the current relationship, and the partner has ceased to satisfy. You are dreaming of being free and for some time being limited to only light «resort» novels, without promising anything serious to your boyfriends. Knocking on the door, but never getting over the threshold — you are very afraid to trust a new partner, so you prefer loneliness. But it cannot last forever, sooner or later you will be able to open your heart and allow the new person to come to you. Greet a friend by opening his door — you are not satisfied with your intimate life. Either alone or a partner does not meet your expectations. But this is an occasion not to part, but to agree, to find some kind of compromise that suits both. A man open the door to dream of treason by his chosen one. He may pretend to have forgiven her infidelity, but in the depths of his soul he tortures himself with suspicions. Trust from the relationship will be gone forever, to restore it will never happen again. Esoteric dream book The open door dreams of success in business and the achievement of the cherished goal, to which you have long sought. But closed — to disappointment and all sorts of trouble. A door with loosened hinges — you are very indecisive and often prefer to sit back aside instead of active actions. That is why other people get wealth, fame and success, and you live in your current reality. The door leading into the transport — your loneliness will soon end. You will meet a person with whom you first make friends, and then build a relationship. It will be real, sincere and unconditional love, which will give both many happy moments. To leave the house — be careful in the near future and try not to risk it, otherwise you will incur a big trouble. It is better to avoid any operations with money, transfer dates and important meetings to another, more appropriate time. Exquisite and very beautiful door — you will find yourself in a difficult situation, but you will be saved at almost the last moment. A complete stranger will come to the rescue. He will take care of you, and all problems will go away. The creak of the door — you will be visited by a man whom you hate. The meeting will be extremely unpleasant, and you will be irritated for a long time. In addition, this person will bring bad news to gloat over you. Automatically opening doors — everything you have in mind will be fulfilled. And you do not need a grand effort. There will be a feeling that everything is all right around itself. A woman has an open door dreaming of the appearance in her environment of a new fan, with whom a stormy, albeit short-term romance will begin. A door in a dream can be both auspicious and negative symbol. For example, open — promises success, wealth or new relationships. Closed — troubles, obstacles and all sorts of obstacles in your life path. Read all interpretations to figure out which prediction is appropriate for your sleep. Watch the video on: Guess today with the help of the tarot spread "Day map"! For proper divination: focus on the subconscious and do not think about anything at least 1-2 minutes. Предыдущий Hour of the Monkey on Feng Shui and Other Animals: What Will He Tell Следующий Dream Interpretation: why dream of a tree What do dreams from Saturday to Sunday mean? Do they come true? Interpretation by dream books? What do dreams mean from Monday to Tuesday? Do they come true? Interpretation by dream books? What do dreams mean from sunday to monday? What does sleep mean from thursday to friday? What does sleep mean from friday to saturday? What does sleep from sunday to monday mean, does it come true or not What does it mean to cut the meat according to Vanga, Miller’s dream books What does it mean to wear a wedding dress in a dream What does it mean if a dead man gives money in a dream? What does it mean to fall into the mud in a dream? What does it mean to pick berries in a dream? What does it mean to break a mirror in a dream? What does it mean to give birth in a dream? What does it mean to buy fish in a dream? What does it mean to catch a big fish in a dream? What does it mean to hug a man in a dream? What does it mean to fly in a dream according to the interpretation of dream books and basic values What does skating mean in a dream? What does it mean if you dream in a dream? What does it mean if a guy who likes dreams? What does it mean if a guy who likes dreams? Real tender feelings are indestructible, even in a dream they ... What does it mean if in a dream I was drinking beer? What does it mean if in a dream I was drinking beer? Beer is subconsciously perceived as a symbol of ... What does it mean if the former eats meat in a dream? What does it mean if the former eats meat in a dream? Meat in dreams symbolizes deterioration of health, trouble ... What does it mean to see yourself from the side in a dream? What does it mean to see yourself from the side in a dream? Many have heard that to see your ...	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line1112
__label__wiki	0.881564	0.881564	BREAKING NEWSEyewitness News at Noon Eyewitness News at Noon Thousands still without power after deadly tornadoes rip through area By Marcus Solis Utility crews continue to make progress restoring power to tens of thousands of Orange, Putnam and Westchester County residents. Tuesday's powerful storms touched off four tornadoes that killed five people. Over 100,000 residents were left without electricity. At one point, 90% of residents in the city of Newburgh were without power. Central Hudson, the utility which services Orange, Putnam, Sullivan and Ulster Counties, says the number of customers without power is fewer than 6,000 as of Friday afternoon. The vast majority will have service restored by Friday night. In the meantime, the two victims killed in Newburgh are being remembered. An online campaign has raised over $18,000 for the family of Gina Garzon. The 11-year old girl was killed by a falling tree as she helped her mother unload their car. Lisa Resnick, 58, of Rosendale, was also killed by a tree. "She was a wonderful neighbor and community member who cared deeply about our community and the environment," said Town Councilwoman Jen Metzger, a longtime friend. "She will be greatly missed." * More Northern Suburbs news * Send us a news tip * Download the abc7NY app for breaking news alerts weatherwestchester countyorange countyulster countyputnam countypower outagestormweathertornadostorm damageaccuweather alert Defendants in 2015 East Village explosion sentenced up to 12 years Man follows young girl walking her dog in New Jersey Debris falls from building in NYC day after deadly incident Search on for bleach attacker at NYC subway station	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line1114
__label__cc	0.714532	0.285468	Heart trouble in the O.J. courtroom Prosecution witness Bruce Fromong is helped out of the courtroom after complaining of chest pains. Editor’s Note: O.J. Simpson is on trial for robbery and kidnapping charges nearly a year after police arrested him in Las Vegas, Nevada. Prosecutors say Simpson and five other men stormed into a Las Vegas hotel room last September 13 to recover sports memorabilia that Simpson said belonged to him. They say at least two men with Simpson had guns as they robbed two sports memorabilia dealers. The following dispatches come from our Paul Vercammen covering the trial. Paul Vercammen CNN Senior Producer 5:14pm PT One of the prosecution's star witnesses in the O.J. Simpson kidnapping and armed robbery trial was suddenly excused from testimony as he rubbed his chest. Sports memorabilia dealer Bruce Fromong, who testified before he suffered four heart attacks, was being cross examined by the defense when he suggested he was ill, suddenly halting the trial. Judge Jackie Glass called a break and the 54-year-old Fromong went outside the courtroom, sat down and was tended to by his wife and court officers. Fromong was the first witness for the prosecution and is considered a key to the trial because the other alleged victim in the case, Alfred Beardsley. has said he thinks Simpson did nothing wrong. Court Spokesman Michael Sommermeyer said key prosecution witness Bruce Fromong walked out of the Regional Justice Center without any assistance. Fromong's testimony halted under cross examination from Simpson's defense lawyer Gabe Grasso when the first prosecution witness seemed to be suffering from chest pains. Filed under: Crime & Punishment • O.J. Simpson Trial why are we continuing to give this man press–good or bad? September 15, 2008 at 11:03 pm \| So if one victim thinks OJ did nothing wrong and the victim that does can't testify because of his heart it seems to me that the trial might just be over. I find it odd that the prosecution is even pursuing this when even the victims can't agree on whether a crime was committed. September 15, 2008 at 9:20 pm \|	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line1116
__label__cc	0.551448	0.448552	Tag Archives: Otago Regional Council by Elizabeth \| July 21, 2017 · 12:10 pm DCC ORC : Heavy rain warnings preparations #PublicNotice See new post : Regional state of emergency declared in Otago in support of Dunedin & Waitaki A regional state of emergency has been declared in Otago in support of Dunedin and Waitaki. Updates at https://t.co/JrP2YPcwHt pic.twitter.com/Hj0RihRd6K — MCDEM (@NZcivildefence) July 21, 2017 (sp) Oturehua, Ida Valley, Central Otago A state of local emergency has been declared in Dunedin in response to issues arising from the heavy rain. Follow @DnEmergency for updates. A state of local emergency has been declared in Timaru due to significant rainfall in low-lying areas. More info at https://t.co/rwPajVeDZu ### ODT Online Fri, 21 Jul 2017 Storm hits: what you need to know Oamaru and surrounds are bearing the brunt of the storm, with widespread surface flooding and some homes flooded. Mosgiel There is surface flooding in Mosgiel, which is being closely monitored. Mosgiel people concerned about rising water can access sandbags and sand from the Memorial Park car park beside the stadium/Mosgiel Memorial Gymnasium. Sandbags are also available in South Dunedin at the car park behind St Clair Tennis Club, Victoria Road. Where possible, people should bring a shovel to fill the bags, although contractors are available on-site at both locations to assist with filling and loading. As a precaution the council has opened information centres in South Dunedin, in The Mercy Room, Catholic Social Services, 42 Macandrew Rd, and at Mosgiel Fire Station Theatre, 3 Cargill St. Freedom Campers Due to the weather the Dunedin City Council recommends all freedom campers find alternative accommodation rather than staying at either of the council’s two freedom camping sites tonight. NZ Transport Agency has issued road warnings for surface water and flooding across Otago, including SH1 from Waipahi to Waitaki Bridge. Warnings are also in place for SH88 from Dunedin to Port Chalmers, SH 87 from Kyeburn to Outram. SH83 from Pukeuri to Duntroon is also affected by flooding and is closed between Gray Rd And Horse Gully Rd. In Canterbury SH 82 Waimate To Kurow is closed. SH1 is now closed between Pukeuri to Morven The Kakanui, Shag and Taieri Rivers, the Silver Stream, Water of Leith and the Lindsay Creek are all rising steadily. Flights cancelled Flights to and from Dunedin Airport have been cancelled this afternoon. The cancelled flights include Air New Zealand flights to and from Auckland and Christchurch. The Jetstar flight from Dunedin to Auckland at 4.15pm has been cancelled. Air New Zealand is advising customers booked to travel to and from Dunedin to consult the arrivals and departures information on our website here for up to date schedule information. The Dunedin City Council has closed all sports grounds for the weekend because of the weather. The club rugby semi-finals may still go ahead at Hancock Park on Saturday depending on the weather. The decision will be made by the Otago Rugby Football Union. Power cuts There are reports of power cuts in Oamaru. In Dunedin power has been cut to about 100 customers in Green Island, Fairfield and Abbotsford suburbs of Dunedin after a power line came down. Aurora Energy says it has a response crew working to fix the fault and power was expected to be restored by 5pm. General preparedness The Dunedin City Council is encouraging all residents and businesses across the city to make their own preparations. Residents in low-lying areas who feel concerned should make plans to self-evacuate themselves to stay with friends or family who live on higher ground should it be required later on. Check on neighbours, particularly if they are vulnerable. Check spoutings and drainage channels for blockages and clear them if necessary If your basement is prone to flooding lift items that could be damaged by water off the floor. Be sure garden sprays and other chemicals won’t be affected Check grates near your house for blockages and keep them clear of leaves and other debris to avoid water building up and affecting your property. https://www.odt.co.nz/regions/storm-hits-what-you-need-know Filed under Business, DCC, Dunedin, Health & Safety, Housing, Infrastructure, ORC, Property, Public interest, South Dunedin Tagged as Basements, DCC, Dunedin, Dunedin City Council, Gutters, Heavy Rainfall Warnings, Mosgiel, Mudtanks, ORC, Otago Regional Council, Potential flooding, Preparations, Safety, Sandbags, Slips and landslides, South Dunedin, Spoutings, Stormwater drains by Elizabeth \| June 11, 2017 · 12:04 am Greater South Dunedin : Public Meeting, Monday 12 June 6.30pm Public Meeting South Dunedin: It’s your future! Monday 12 June 6.30pm Nations Church. Please come! It’s almost two years since the devastating 2015 floods which hit the suburbs of Greater South Dunedin, affecting more than a thousand homes, businesses, community organisations and schools. It is timely to hold another public meeting in order to give you a voice and to provide an opportunity for some information sharing and discussion about the priorities for our community. We hope you will attend. Ray Macleod, Chair The Greater South Dunedin Action Group There’s been a lot of talk about the future of Greater South Dunedin. Some of that talk has been muddled by poor quality information collected and published around the extent and causes of the flooding on our community. Eventually the Dunedin City Council acknowledged that its lack of maintenance of the mud tanks and its lack of oversight of the performance of the Portobello Pumping Station contributed 200mm to the flooding that occurred. Parliamentary Commissioner for the Environment, Jan Wright, warned earlier in 2016 that South Dunedin presented the “most troubling example” of high groundwater in the country. The DCC and the Otago Regional Council have produced reports on the flooding and the issues facing Greater South Dunedin due to rising groundwater and the impact of climate change. Their reports are largely based on predictions and modelling assumptions. There have been reports by GNS Science and the University of Otago’s School of Surveying of potential subsidence in South Dunedin and other parts of the city. At the time, GNS cautioned against reading too much into the subsidence data, as more work was required. The DCC has finally announced a temporary community hub will open at Cargill Enterprises on Hillside Road mid-year. After much public outcry, the South Dunedin Work and Income and Police station re-opened their doors. The DCC formed a stakeholder group of organisations and government agencies, some of whom have a presence in South Dunedin, which meets every month or so. Heavy rainfall over Easter demonstrated that the City’s civil defence preparedness and response has improved, although local people are yet to be fully informed about how they can be better prepared and understand how a civil defence emergency may affect them. The DCC’s Second Generation Plan has held hearings into the Hazard 3 (Coastal) Overlay which covers the area bounded by Forbury Rd to the west, Victoria Road to the south, the Caversham bypass motorway to the North and Portsmouth drive to the east. This includes a provision to require new residential dwellings to be “relocatable”. The DCC also recently announced new “minimum floor” levels for new buildings in South Dunedin of 500 mm for those not affected by the 2015 floods and 400mm above the floodwaters for those affected by the 2015 floods. This will result in some new houses having to be a metre above ground level in order to get a building consent. GIVEN THE DCC CONTRIBUTED 200MM TO THE 2015 FLOOD LEVEL THIS RAISES A QUESTION REGARDING THE NEED FOR ANY MINIMUM FLOOR LEVEL REQUIREMENT OR A CASE BY CASE EVALUATION AS THE NEED ARISES. If you live or work in the Greater South Dunedin area, all of these proposed changes and approaches affect you. Put together they provide a confusing picture of an important community which is receiving mixed messages about its future and doesn’t yet feel it has a strong voice and a plan. In all of the discussions about the future of Greater South Dunedin, the people who call these suburbs (of South Dunedin, St Kilda, St Clair, Forbury, Caversham, Caledonian, Portsmouth Drive, parts of Musselburgh and Tainui) home or work are not yet part of the discussions. You may have attended a public meeting after the floods which resulted in the formation of the Greater South Dunedin Action Group. We consider you to be an important part of this group as it aims to: • Facilitating effective communication between the community and the city and regional councils • Advocating, representing and promoting the present and future interests of the community • Ensuring the area is well serviced by Council in terms of social and infrastructure services as a foundation for a vibrant community • Exploring the opportunities for the area including inner city redevelopment, renewal, and support for new job opportunities & enterprise • Developing a sustainable plan for the future of the Greater South Dunedin area and its community Greater South Dunedin Action Group 6:30pm Monday 12 June 2017 Nations Church 334 King Edward Street South Dunedin Meeting Chair: Hon Stan Rodger 1. Welcome: Hon Stan Rodger 2. Apologies 3. Dunedin City Council & Otago Regional Council on what has been achieved over the past two years. Response to questions submitted to DCC copies are which will be circulated to the meeting. (15 Minutes) 4. Dr Simon Cox: A geoscientist’s perspective on the problem at hand. 5. Mr Geoff Thomas: Property Council of NZ. Impact on property values. 6. Questions from the floor (if wishing to ask questions please try to write these down and direct them through the Hon Stan Rodger). 7. Proposed resolutions: a) That the meeting provide a mandate to the Greater South Dunedin Action Group to act as an advocate for the community interests. b) That the DCC are requested to provide an initial engineering plan and response by 1 December 2017 with the intention of providing protection and support to people, homes and businesses in the Greater South Dunedin area. c) The DCC be requested to commence the establishment of a community board to represent the interests of the Greater South Dunedin Community. 8. Any other business. 9. A wrap up and thank you from the Chair of the Greater South Dunedin Action Group. (5 minutes) 10. Final words from the Hon Stan Rodger. █ Download: SDAG Public Meeting Agenda (DOCX, 25 KB) Filed under Business, Climate change, Construction, DCC, Democracy, Design, District Plan, Dunedin, Economics, Education, Finance, Geography, Health & Safety, Housing, Infrastructure, New Zealand, People, Politics, Property, Proposed 2GP, Public interest, Resource management, South Dunedin, Structural engineering, Technology, Tourism, Town planning, Urban design Tagged as 3 June 2015 Flood, Business activity, Climate, Construction, Dunedin City Council, Floods, Greater South Dunedin Action Group, Housing, Infrastructure services, Otago Regional Council, Post flood works, Public communication, Public Meeting, Residential activity, Rising groundwater #MYTH, Sea level rise is Very Modest, South Dunedin, Strategic planning, Street by Elizabeth \| May 11, 2017 · 10:09 pm TOMMYROT from ‘academic’ local authorities…. #SouthDunedin it’s PUNCH BACK TIME More in tomorrow’s newspaper. Chairman of the Otago chapter of the Property Council New Zealand Geoff Thomas says policymakers need to be careful not to damage property development opportunities in South Dunedin. Policy could hold back South Dunedin By Margot Taylor Residential property development in South Dunedin could be “squashed” by the Dunedin City Council’s overly cautious natural hazards policies, the Otago branch president of the Property Council New Zealand warns. Geoff Thomas said a proposal under the proposed second generation Dunedin city district plan (2GP), to require all residential properties in the area to be movable, could stymie the replacement of housing stock. The proposed policy ignored costs associated with residential development, including land, compliance costs and construction materials. “Making residential housing relocatable doesn’t make sense. I, personally, have sold a 1980s house with aluminium joinery for $1 to be moved.” If approved, the proposal would result in either more substandard houses, or houses that would be “very expensive” to build, he said. The natural hazards policies did not adequately consider current and potential technologies to manage sea-level rise and floods. “I think South Dunedin is full of opportunity. A lot of the housing stock is from a day gone by. It is an opportunity to do something with the area and our concern is we don’t want to end up with a caravan park out there.” Water drainage was a clear issue. A more reasonable approach to protect the economic viability of the area could be taken to address it. Filed under Architecture, Baloney, Business, Climate change, Construction, Corruption, DCC, Democracy, Design, District Plan, Dunedin, Economics, Education, Finance, Geography, Health & Safety, Heritage, Hot air, Housing, Infrastructure, LTP/AP, Media, Name, New Zealand, NZIA, NZPI, NZTA, OAG, Ombudsman, People, Perversion, Pet projects, Politics, Project management, Property, Proposed 2GP, Public interest, Resource management, SFO, Site, South Dunedin, Stadiums, Structural engineering, Technology, Tourism, Town planning, Transportation, Travesty, University of Otago, Urban design Tagged as 3 June 2015 Flood, 3 Waters Strategy, Building industry, Climate Change Bullshit, Council debt CRISIS, DCC, Dunedin City Council, Groundwater evel rise IS NOT HAPPENING, Inexperience, Infrastructure networks, Jan Wright (PCE), Local Territorial Authorities, Low spending on core council business, LTAs, Money for stadium no money for drainage, Nappy wearing analysts, ORC, Otago Regional Council, Pipes, Property Council, Pumps, Ratepayers and Residents, Revolt, Sea level rise is NOT HAPPENING, South Dunedin, The People, Uprising, Water catchments by Elizabeth \| May 3, 2017 · 10:24 pm Dunedin’s second generation district plan (2GP) —notes on Natural Hazards Received from Neil Johnstone Wed, 3 May 2017 at 7:19 p.m. Message: Last Thursday (27 April) I presented the remainder of my submission on Natural Hazards. Notes attached in case they might help anybody’s further efforts. {The notes from Mr Johnstone are public domain by virtue of the consultative 2GP hearing process. -Eds} 2GP PRESENTATION NOTES: LANDSLIDES Neil Johnstone I have no property interest in any landslide hazard area (although I did previously), nor in the Water of Leith catchment, nor in South Dunedin. My main purpose in appearing at this stage is to bring to the panel’s attention that the expert (so-called) opinions received from Otago Regional Council’s (ORC) natural hazard analysts are often deficient to the detriment of the 2GP process and the city’s residents. I am a long-term resident of Dunedin and am highly experienced in flood control issues and solutions. I am appearing here on my own behalf, therefore not strictly as an Expert Witness in this instance, although I have done so in past years both in both the High Court and the Environment Court. I also acted as lead technical advisor to the NZ Govt investigation into the massive 1999 Clutha flood. My detailed investigations have ranged from simple issues such as the Water of Leith (as Investigations Engineer at Otago Catchment Board and ORC) to the entire Clutha catchment (in varying roles). These investigations have often incorporated the construction and operation of accurate, properly verified models. I am now semi-retired MIPENZ, but still running my own consultancy on a reduced basis. I am a highly experienced expert in flood issues, I am much less so wrt landslide identification and mitigation (but I know a nonsensical report when I read one). ORC hazard analysts responsible for the landslide buffer zones originally imposed across my former property (and many others) need to accept that their approach was seriously flawed, and far from expert. Paul Freeland has mentioned to me in a recent phone conversation that Dunedin City Council (DCC) should be able to have confidence that ORC hazard analysts are expert. I have no strong criticism of Mr Freeland, but those days have passed – in this region at least – when expertise was based on proven performance, and not on a position’s title. A property previously owned by my wife and me in Porterfield Street, Macandrew Bay was quite ridiculously misrepresented in ORC’s landslide report of September 2015. The landslide hazard zone on that property has apparently now been removed, but uncaring damage has been done to us, and no doubt to many others. The Hazard 2 zone was reportedly imposed without site inspection, or without anybody properly reviewing output or checking accuracy of references. [Reason for submitting: Natural Hazards section of 2GP dominated (undermined) by ORC hazards staff input and DCC failure to verify/review; DCC presumption that ORC “experts” do/should have appropriate expertise. We appear to be witnessing a proliferation of Hazard Analysts in NZ Local Government with little relevant experience or skill.] 2GP PRESENTATION NOTES: SOUTH DUNEDIN The comments re South Dunedin flood hazard contained in my original written submission were written prior to DCC’s producing its inaccurate flood reports in respect of the South Dunedin flooding of early June 2015 in which high groundwater levels were held to blame. These DCC reports were eventually released in late November 2015 and April 2016 respectively. My analyses (well after my original submission) demonstrated that the prime cause of widespread flooding in South Dunedin was DCC’s failure (in order of probable significance) to utilise the bypass facility at Tahuna Wastewater Treatment Plant, to fully utilise its stormwater pumping capacity at Portobello Road, and to maintain its stormwater infrastructure (mudtanks etc). Inflow of “foreign” water from the St Clair catchment added to the depth of inundation in some areas. All these can be remedied by a diligent Council. Some have already been remedied, as positively demonstrated in the admittedly rather over-hyped rain event of the subtropical cyclone remnant around this past Easter. ORC natural hazard analysts were probably responsible for the origin of the groundwater myth as a cause of the South Dunedin flooding in their Coastal Otago Flood Event 3 June 2015 report. Reference was made there to “elevated” ground water levels. They followed up with a contentious report (The Natural Hazards of South Dunedin, July 2016). This opens by stating that the June 2015 flooding was caused by heavy rainfall and high groundwater levels, with no mention of mudtanks, or pumping failures (plural). Such reporting cannot be treated as balanced, nor its authors credible. Elsewhere, ORC essentially conceded the groundwater myth in Rebecca Macfie’s excellent NZ Listener article entitled Flood Fiasco (June 11, 2016). Shortly after, however, ORC produced the aforementioned South Dunedin Hazards report (backed up by an embarrassingly inaccurate video presentation) that seems to reflect a desire to preach doom rather than convey a balanced defendable scientific analysis of South Dunedin realities and solutions where needed. One of the worst features of the report and subsequent video was the depiction of projected permanently inundated areas of South Dunedin based on ORC modelling of rising sea level effects. These depictions made front page news in the Otago Daily Times with flow-on reporting nationally. The mapped areas of inundation are actually taken from an earlier ORC report entitled The South Dunedin Coastal Aquifer and Effect of Sea Level Fluctuations (October 2012). The modelling was based on limited information, and the findings would therefore be expected to be of limited reliability. The 2012 report essentially confirms this, noting that modelling of existing conditions overestimates actual groundwater levels (by the order of half a metre in places). Figure 2 (Scenario 0) of that report shows significant permanent ponding for current conditions. None exists in reality. Almost lost (in Section 3.8) are the following (abbreviated, and amongst other) concessions: • Uncertainty of input data • Potential inaccuracy of model predictions • High level of uncertainty • Groundwater system is poorly to moderately well characterised • Aquifer properties are poorly understood or quantified • Each of these uncertainties could have the effect of overestimating the groundwater ponding in the current setting. The reader is advised to read the full Section 3.8 to ensure contextual accuracy. In my view (as an experienced modeller), a study that cannot even replicate known existing relationships is imperfectly calibrated and unverified. It cannot therefore be relied on. Strictly speaking, it does not qualify as a model. The relationship between possible sea level rise and consequent groundwater impact remains highly uncertain. Unfortunately, the 2016 ORC South Dunedin Hazards report (and video) chose to reproduce the 2012 ponding predictions using more recent data (but without any better appreciation of aquifer characteristics), but the predictions are similar. It is noted that no Scenario 0 mapping is included in the latter report, nor are the model’s inherent weaknesses described. No admission of the potential modelling inaccuracies is presented other than the following note in Section 4.1: “Further discussion of the original model parameters, model calibration and potential pitfalls is included in the ORC (2012a) report, which can be accessed on the ORC website”. I believe that all parties were entitled to know unequivocally that the modelling was unreliable and unverified. The 2016 report also makes reference to the fact that dry-weather ground water levels at the Culling Park recorder are at or below mean sea level. This is attributed by the authors to leakage of ground water into the stormwater and wastewater sewers. If that is correct (I would reserve judgement as to whether there may be other factors), then we are witnessing just one example of how an engineered solution could be utilised to dissipate increasing depth of groundwater. Such solutions are canvassed in the BECA report commissioned by DCC several years back. To summarise, South Dunedin’s exposure to flood (current or future) is poorly described by ORC hazard analysts. The 2GP process seems to have seen these analysts “adopted” by DCC planners as their experts. I consider that to be an inappropriate approach to the detriment of our citizens. The proposal to require relocatable housing in South Dunedin seems premature, and based on highly questionable information. The proposal for relocatable housing in South Dunedin also rather pre-empts the currently-planned DCC study of overseas approaches to sea level rise solutions. Requiring relocatable houses will likely simply mean that aged houses that should in time be replaced will be repaired instead. Who is going to build a new relocatable house if they have nowhere to relocate to and probably insufficient money to acquire the requisite land? The proposal to require relocatable housing is ill-considered and premature in my opinion. With respect to ground water issues across South Dunedin, the 2016 Hazard Report presents – The reason for my pointing out these facts is to encourage Commissioners to take a step back from the current hysteria surrounding South Dunedin. Had the 2015 flooding extent been restricted (as it should have been) to that which occurred in a slightly larger rainfall event in March 1968, the event would have already been forgotten. Seemingly, at least partly as a result of that hysteria, the proposal to require relocatable housing in South Dunedin seems premature, and based on highly questionable information. Just as ORC floodplain mapping contradicts its in-place flood protection philosophy, so does the proposal for relocatable housing in South Dunedin also rather pre-empt the currently planned DCC study of overseas approaches to sea level rise. Requiring relocatable houses will simply mean that aged houses that should in time be replaced will be repaired instead. Who is going to build a new relocatable house if they have nowhere to relocate to and probably no money to acquire the requisite land? The proposal for relocatable housing is ill-considered and premature in my opinion. 2GP PRESENTATION: URBAN STREAM HAZARDS Urban Stream Comment re Leith and Lindsay Streams: ORC’s mapping is said to be of residual flooding (post-flood protection works of the past 80-plus years), but actually represents what might have been envisaged many decades back in something considerably greater than the record 1929 flood with none of the very significant channel works of the 1930s, 1940s and 1960s; or even those lesser improvement of the 2010s in place. The ORC 2GP mapping includes areas that didn’t get flooded in 1923 or 1929. I agree with some potential dangers of stream blockage (especially in Lindsay Creek, and to a lesser extent at Clyde Street and Rockside Road), but one can only consider locations of feasible blockage in today’s conditions. Furthermore, accepted professional practice for flood plain mapping requires detailed hydrology, probability analyses, climate change allowance, hydrograph routing, in-channel modelling (allowing for stream capacity variability), and overland flow modelling. ORC’s flood mapping incorporates none of these fundamentals; instead, it reads as little more than a colouring-in exercise, when a professionally researched technical document is required. In short, ORC’s hazard analysts have carried out no fit-for-purpose analysis for a District Plan process. Interestingly, the concerns expressed by ORC hazard analysts re channel blockage are entirely inconsistent with ORC’s own design philosophy and consent application evidence for the recent Flood protection scheme (so called). Design Philosophy minimises the issue. Very briefly, the mapping is challenged for the following reasons (inter alia): No descriptions of the effective flood protection initiatives (OHB -1920s and 1930s, DCC -1940s, OCB -1960s) are included. These works have ensured that overtopping is practically impossible in the George Street to Cumberland Street reach, the Clock Tower reach and Forth Street to Harbour reaches. Flood protection in these areas are all built to a much higher hydraulic standard than the so-called ORC scheme of the past decade, and to a far, far higher standard than existed pre-1929. It is further noted that ORC’s own Design Philosophy Report (OPUS for ORC, 2005) for the proposed Leith/Lindsay flood protection scheme is adamant that debris traps recently (then) constructed at Malvern Street and Bethunes Gully would further mitigate any debris problems. Refer paras 7.7 and 10.6 of that document. Ponding is mapped where water couldn’t even reach in 1929 (peak flood currently estimated at 220 cumecs, and predating flood protection measures) in the wider CBD area. Flows along George Street in the 1920s only occurred south as far as about Howe Street, then re-entered the river. Nowadays, the accelerating weir above George Street and the structural high velocity channel immediately downstream provide much more clearance than existed in 1929. [Most outflow then from the river occurred much further downstream.] In those downstream reaches, many of the bridges have been replaced or upgraded. Possible remaining points of interest are the hydraulically insignificant extension (circa 2015) of the St David Street footbridge, the historic Union Street arch footbridge, and the widened (circa 2012) Clyde Street road bridge. The flimsy St David Street bridge would not survive any hydraulic heading up so there would likely be of little flood consequence, and backing up upstream of Union St would be largely inconsequential because of the height of the Clock Tower reach banks immediately upstream. The Clyde Street bridge is acknowledged as being lower than optimum, but it has not created any issues in its half century existence. Any overtopping there could only impact on a limited area between the bridge and the railway line. Overland lows beyond (east of) the rail line remain highly improbable because of the ongoing blocking effect of road and rail embankments. Flows as far as the railway station to the west of the rail line are also highly improbable nowadays as only the Clyde Street area could conceivably contribute. The 1923 photograph showing ponding along Harrow Street is presented by ORC with an unfortunate caption stating that the water is sourced from the Leith. Some undoubtedly was, but the whole of the city was subject to “internal” stormwater flooding from Caversham tunnel, across South Dunedin to the CBD and beyond. To illustrate further, a NIWA April 1923 flood summary (accessible online) provides a summary of some of the information more fully described in technical reports and newspaper accounts, including: • Portions of Caversham, South Dunedin, St Kilda, the lower portions of central and northern areas of the City and North East Valley were completely inundated. • Water in South Dunedin was waist deep. • The Water of Leith rose considerably and burst its banks in many places, causing extensive damage along its banks and flooding low-lying areas. Today’s stormwater infrastructure is rather more extensive and effective (when maintained), and DCC has a continuing legal obligation to provide to maintain that service. The levels plotted across Lindsay Creek seem highly pessimistic. Levels are shown to be of the order of 2 metres above North Road in some locations at least. I have [no] knowledge of any such levels ever having been approached. Care must be taken not to include unfloodable areas in the mapping. I don’t however discount localised channel blockage, and the channel capacity is substandard in many areas. The valley slope ensures that overland flow will achieve damaging velocities. Such velocities are noted in the NIWA summary. Of greater concern to me, however, is that ORC’s mapping appears to have seriously underestimated the significance of potential Woodhaugh flood issues:- The river channel through here is both steep and confined. The influences of Pine Hill Creek (immediately upstream) and Ross Creek (immediately downstream) add to turbulence and bank attack. The area was ravaged in 1923 and 1929, and there have been evacuations in some much lesser events in later decades. These areas are at considerable risk in a 50- to 100-year plus event. Hardin Street, Malvern Street had houses evacuated in the 1960s flood. High velocity, rock laden flows and mudslides can all be anticipated, and difficult to counter. Area below camping ground / Woodhaugh was overwhelmed in floods of the 1920s – a focus for flooding depth and velocity. If the 2GP process is to include urban flood maps, these should be diligently derived, based on historical record and appropriate modelling. The mapping should reflect the real flood risks (including likelihood, velocity and depth). The decreasing flood risk from Woodhaugh (potentially high impact) through North East Valley (moderate impact) through to the main urban area south of the Leith waterway (localised and of little-to-zero impact) should be reflected in the mapping. █ 2GP Hearing Topic: Natural Hazards https://2gp.dunedin.govt.nz/2gp/hearings-schedule/natural-hazards.html █ For more, enter the terms johnstone, flood and south dunedin in the search box at right. Related Posts and Comments 6.6.16 Listener June 11-17 2016 : Revisiting distress and mismanagement #SouthDunedinFlood 10.6.16 “Civic administration” reacts to hard hitting Listener article [DCC Map differs from what was notified] Filed under DCC, Democracy, District Plan, Dunedin, Education, Geography, Health & Safety, Housing, Infrastructure, Name, New Zealand, OAG, Ombudsman, People, Politics, Project management, Property, Proposed 2GP, Public interest, Resource management, South Dunedin, Town planning, Urban design Tagged as 2GP, Blocked filters (DCC), Central government, Civil engineering, Damaged properties, DCC, Democracy, District Plan, Dunedin, Dunedin City Council, Dunedin City District Plan, Expertise, Flooding, Hazard analysts, Hazard layers, Hazards, Hearings, Hydrology, Independent assessment, Infrastructure assets, Infrastructure maintenance, Infrastructure services, Landslides, Local government, Logs, Mapping, Mudtanks, Natural disaster, Natural Hazards, ORC, Otago Regional Council, Peer reviews, Pipe renewals, Politics, Pumping stations, Rainfall records, Ratepayers, Second generation district plan (2GP), South Dunedin, Submissions, Unliveable houses, Urban streams, Weather DCC leases space for South Dunedin community hub at Cargill Enterprises How many years has this taken DCC It’s still only “temporary” accommodation…. South Dunedin has been waiting for a public library since the time of borough amalgamation. Home found for South Dunedin pop up hub This item was published on 02 May 2017 A home has been found for the South Dunedin pop up community hub. The Dunedin City Council this week signed a two year lease to set up a temporary hub in part of the Cargill Enterprises premises at 199 Hillside Road. [screenshot – click to enlarge] DCC Webmap – 199 Hillside Rd, South Dunedin JanFeb 2013 Group Manager Arts and Culture Bernie Hawke says, “We are delighted to have a confirmed location for the pop up hub. This is a well known, central location and we look forward to providing a range of services on site for local residents.” The DCC is leasing about 200sq m, which includes space for community activities, meeting areas, DCC service centre and library activities, and kitchen and toilet facilities. The hub will also provide access to Gig wifi for the South Dunedin community. It is hoped the pop up hub will be open about mid year. As well as providing access to DCC services, the hub will provide an opportunity for the community to have input into the development of the permanent South Dunedin Community Hub. While the opening hours for the pop up hub are still to be confirmed, the hub is expected to be open about 25 hours a week, across five days and including one evening and Saturday morning. Cargill Enterprises Chief Executive Geoff Kemp says, “Cargills are thrilled to be in a position to accommodate the city’s South D interim hub initiative. “A community centre and library adjoining the main facility will give our 94 staff easy access to the many services planned, particularly the opportunity to explore a wide range of reading material and multimedia. We view the hub as complementing our employer-led numeracy and literacy training programme. Very exciting!” Mayor of Dunedin Dave Cull comments, “The establishment of the pop up hub shows the Council’s commitment to South Dunedin and is a key part of a much wider engagement with the South Dunedin community and agencies working in the area.” DCC Chief Executive Officer Dr Sue Bidrose says, “When the pop up hub has been established, we will turn our attention to the location and development of the permanent hub. The signing of a lease for the pop up hub is an important step in this process. In addition to the pop up hub development, our Community Development team has been working alongside groups within South Dunedin to look at the social and economic needs and strengths of this community. As part of this, on 18 May we are organising a number of local community-based groups and individuals to meet to see if a collective action plan to support improved social and economic wellbeing can be created within the South Dunedin area.” Contact DCC on 03 477 4000. Filed under Business, DCC, Dunedin, Economics, Education, Finance, Infrastructure, People, Pet projects, Politics, Project management, Property, Public interest, Site, South Dunedin, Technology, Town planning, Transportation, Urban design, What stadium Tagged as 3 June 2015 Flood, Cargill Enterprises, Community Centre and Library, Community Hub, DCC, DCC service centre, Drainage, Drains, Dunedin, Dunedin City Council, Environment, Flood damage, Gig wifi, Hillside Rd, Infrastructure, Lack of accountability, Leased space, Mudtanks, ORC, Otago Regional Council, Reports, South Dunedin, South Dunedin Integrated Catchment Management Plan (ICMP), Stormwater drainage, Stormwater pumping stations	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line1121
__label__cc	0.525653	0.474347	You are at:Home»News & Current Affairs»Brexit»Dismiss this crass notion that nationalist electoral pacts are formed as some Anti Brexit Alliance – By David McNarry Dismiss this crass notion that nationalist electoral pacts are formed as some Anti Brexit Alliance – By David McNarry By David McNarry November 8, 2019 No Comments 51 years ago Terence O’Neill asked “what kind of Ulster do you want”. A very good question, as yet unanswered! The then Prime Minister wasn’t asking for a border poll. He was pointedly putting it up to the people to decide how they wished to live alongside each other in Northern Ireland. Now days no one has the grace to ask what we want . On Brexit, Boris didn’t bother to ask before he rushed into putting a trade border in the Irish sea. On party pacts, same thing, no one asked to switch our votes and change our party allegiance. Yet from O’ Neill’s call, it seems we have spent our time evading his question. Is this because we do not know or do not want to answer? Can it be that we Northern Irelanders are so hopelessly caught between two stools that we must come up with two answers from two divided camps? If so is that not a starting point to address the issues which so far we have been unable to sort out? Answer this then, is it not time we put our minds to deciding to live alongside each other with respect and accountability to ourselves? From a personal single minded unionist perspective, I believe I represent at least a million other like minded Northern Irelanders in saying that in the midst of chaos, loose talk and abundant chicanery. Cool heads and positive leadership must prevail all round. Unionists are circumnavigating unchartered political waters without guidelines. It being imperative that in the whirlpool unionists are negotiating there is no mutiny as they assert their rights and entitlements within the United Kingdom ( an issue to which issue I hope to return to after the election). A whole new constitutional gambit is opening and evolving around not only Northern Ireland but also Scotland and to a lesser extent Wales – belonging with England to an all encompassing U.K. I mentioned the elections. By common consent we are content with the localised party set ups. Factor in the bedlam there would be should British unionists and Irish nationalists have the added choice to vote Tory, Labour, Lib. Dems, Fianna Gael, Fianna Fail, etc. Even more furore should I decide to run for the Irish Presidency. My poster slogan would read “Vote McNarry – Unionist – Go on I dare you.” Come to think of it why are there no southern unionists in Dail Eireann ? On a more serious note- Brexit. It is tied up and hitched onto our election here. Personally my choice is that the U.K. makes a clean break and gets free through the E.U. defaulting on a No Deal. Dismiss this crass notion that nationalist electoral pacts are formed as some Anti Brexit Alliance. One way or another, deal or no deal, Brexit is done and dusted. There is not a thing the remainer remoaners can do about keeping the U.K. in the E.U. It is more than a tinge hypocritical to witness a pan nationalist love in of remaniacs entering the courts of British national politics fighting to keep the British in Europe . Call it as it is! It’s okay for the Anti Brexiteers to battle for Irish independence. Yet when it comes to the British clamouring for their freedom from the E.U. according to this new electoral concordant – we can’t. Are those signed up to the Anti Brexit cause really saying that they are 100% content and in favour of clinging onto the U.K. and upholding the Union so long as the British remain in the E.U. ? Now that is worth exploring in the quest for what kind of Northern Ireland for which we could all settle. Previous ArticleElections – Back to The Trenches – By Eamonn Mallie Next Article “Listen for the dog-whistle” – By Terry Wright	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line1125
__label__wiki	0.814973	0.814973	Tag Archives: Hiring orphans Earl Grey’s Irish Famine Orphans (16):Orphans’ Arrival and early days in Australia Posted on May 21, 2015 by Trevor McClaughlin under Earl Grey orphans in South Australia, Earl Grey's Irish female orphans, Irish Famine orphans in Australia, Irish female emigration, Irish Female Orphans, Irish women in South Australia, Irish-Australian Studies, The Earl Grey scheme Arrival and early days “And after the commanded journey, what?…A gazing out from far away, alone” (Seamus Heaney, Lightenings) It looks like I’ll be trying to square the circle once more. Searching for reliable sources that describe the arrival and early days of the Famine orphans in Australia is one thing. Trying to find what the young women themselves thought of the experience, is another. Allow me to keep the training I’ve had as an academic historian. At the same time, please cut me cut some slack when it comes to ‘inventing’ the orphans’ voice. As before, my idea of their voice will appear in blue typeface. I’ll look for other sources too, poetry reading, pictures and the like, so we may imagine the orphans other than through the eyes of officialdom. LANDING and INSPECTION Surgeon Strutt’s diary has an exemplary account of the Thomas Arbuthnot arriving in Sydney 3 February 1850, at the height of an Australian summer. The diary appears in full in Richard Reid and Cheryl Mongan’s, ‘a decent set of girls’ The Irish Famine orphans of the ‘Thomas Arbuthnot’ 1849-1850, Yass, 1996. Buíochas le Dia, Maire Brandon. Tá sé go breá innui. Chomh te. No, no Bríde Burke. The doctor says we have to speak English. Oh Lord, I’m sweating so. Where’s the sea breeze gone to? Strutt’s diary recorded his eyewitness account of the official landing process. The orphans and other passengers remained on the ship whilst the Sydney Board of Immigration, consisting of F.L.S. Merewether, Health Officer Savage and Water Police Magistrate, H.H. Browne, along with Robert Hardy, a clerk from the Immigration department, came on board and drew up a Board of Immigration List. The List was to fulfill the requirements of the Colonial Land and Emigration Commissioners in London(CLEC). Had the Surgeon, the Ship’s Captain and Officers carried out their obligations satisfactorily? Had the terms of the Charter Party, the contract between CLEC and Shipowner been met? Details such as names of orphans, their native place, their religion, their occupation, parents’ names, state of health, literacy, relations in the colony, if any, complaints, if any, were all recorded in meticulous detail. Sometimes names and places of origin would go awry, the clerk writing down in a phonetic way what he thought the young woman said. Hiccups such as this notwithstanding, the Board of Immigration Shipping Lists are an unrivalled record of all the orphans who landed in Port Jackson. See http://www.irishfaminememorial.org Fakel,[Feakle] Clare Innesdiamond, [Ennistymon] Clare Abinachmaigh [Abbeyknockmoy], Galway. Mother at Tume (Tuam) Listole, [Listowel]Kerry A similar record, if not with quite the same details, was made at the other two ports of entry, Melbourne and Adelaide. Immigration Agent Patterson at Port Phillip and Captain Brewer at Port Adelaide, accompanied by clerks and representatives from their Orphan Committee went on board to examine the female orphans before they disembarked. Thus Lady Kennaway orphan, 14 year-old Bridget Ferry from Dunfanaghy, when asked if she was in possession of a Bible, could reply Prayer Book and Testament. On arrival, Surgeon Superintendents presented a written report to local Immigration authorities. Surgeons were responsible for the well-being and health of the emigrants in their charge. Or as Robin Haines put it in her Doctors at Sea (Palgrave MacMillan), 2005, p.81, “Surgeons supervised the sanitary regime on board, oversaw the distribution and cooking of rations, attended to the sick, and were in control of discipline and the moral tone on board”. Surgeons were appointed by the Imperial Government and thus only answered to them, and were independent of ships’ officers and crew. They were part of an important system of checks and balances designed to make Government Assisted emigration work well. Had the emigrants not received their proper rations, had the Irish orphans been allowed to mix too freely with the sailors, was the Charter Party abused in any way, then Immigration authorities in Australia conducted an enquiry into the misdemeanours and a report submitted to the representatives of the Imperial government in Australia. One can find extensive and detailed reports for many of the orphan vessels, especially the early ones, the Subraon, Earl Grey, Digby and others. Use the Search Box at the end of the post. Even for the William & Mary that arrived mid 1849, which was found to be “in a very dirty state on arrival“. Surgeon Phillips complained of the “rude and improper conduct of the Captain and his crew“. And that “all the conditions of the Charter Party were [not] fulfilled in respect of proper issuing of provisions, water and medical comforts, nor the prevention of intercourse between officers, crew and single females“. The report on the Diadem to Port Phillip could not “consider it prudent to have allowed, single women, particularly young Orphan Girls, to remain about the upper deck after dark, and amongst sailors, especially without constables or any efficient guard…it appeared the Surgeon had repeatedly to go forward, and “drive” or send some of them aft…”. The Melbourne Orphan Committee reported “the period within which the “Orphans” per Pemberton were disposed of, has been longer than in the case of those received by the Lady Kennaway: and we were obliged to be less strict in requirements respecting parties to whom the first named “Orphans” were hired, a greater number of the employers being of a lower class of society than those who engaged the orphans per Lady Kennaway”. For these early arrivals especially, and before the demand for servants fell– which occurred towards the end of the scheme–prospective and approved employers went on board ship to hire their servant directly. Nonetheless, most orphans were hired from the Immigration Depot in each city. The advantage of records in the Public Records Office of Victoria (PROV) is that “Disposal Lists” tell us who first hired the orphans, and how much they would be paid. PROV VPRS 14 reel 3 contains the shipping list for the Lady Kennaway , the list of officers on the ship and the gratuities due to them, and who was employed as Chief Matron, submatrons, constables and hospital assistants. The Disposal List at Book 4B p.1 repeats their name, their calling, their age, their date of admission into the depot and the date of their leaving, the number of days they spent in the depot, the name and residence of their employer, the terms of engagement, and the rate of wages per annum, and whether with or without rations. The Report of the Immigration Board of Inspection, dated 23 December 1848, says of the orphans by the first vessel to arrive in Port Phillip, the Lady Kennaway, “…their general aspect indicates good health and gives the impression that they belong to the humbler ranks of life. They are generally of a stout make, rather low in stature, and are endowed with strongly marked Irish Physiognomies…We do consider them… a most sensible supply and acquisition for this city and its environs and hope that we may in future have more importations of a similar kind, and as they come originally from small county towns and adjoining districts they have never seen or been accustomed to witness those demoralizing scenes too frequent in larger towns in many parts of the Empire, and we doubt not but that they will continue to conduct themselves as hitherto and keep in the paths of virtue…they are most anxious to please their employers… during the voyage… some few of them were inclined to be rather noisy and boisterous occasionally, and would not hesitate at times to let out a bit of an oath…”. It’s a report that may tell us more about its authors than what it says about the orphans. Attitudes to the orphans by Government officials It would be worth researching the different attitudes towards the orphans among Government officials generally. Who was sympathetic? In South Australia, Matthew Moorhouse, no; Mrs Murphy, Matron in the depot, yes; Mrs Hill, Acting Matron, no (see below under ‘Immigration Depots’). In Port Phillip, Dr Patterson and Superintendent La Trobe, generally yes: in Port Jackson Immigration Agent Merewether yes, his successor H.H. Browne, no. Mrs Capps, Matron at Hyde Park Barracks, yes. It is worth asking, too, how the attitudes and reports of Surgeons from orphan ships coloured the way the orphans were viewed and received in Australia. There’s a very marked difference between Surgeon Strutt (Thomas Arbuthnot) and Surgeons Douglass (Earl Grey), Eades (Roman Emperor), Ramsay (Inchinnan) and Hewer (Elgin). Surgeon Hewer was to write “I was so disgusted by the behaviour of the orphans per “Elgin”, –so worried by their tricks, simulating fits day after day to procure porter and spirits–so disheartened by their misrepresentation and utter disregard for truth, that I would not come out in another Irish orphan vessel if the Government would pay me £10 per orphan”. These last four Surgeons were so aware of their own social class, so lacking in empathy and unable to–what’s the word– ‘understand’, ‘communicate’, ‘connect’– with the young women, they distorted the image people would have of the orphans even before they landed. By contrast, Strutt is the Surgeon we’d all like to have today; he has the ‘human’ touch we’d all like to have. It is a subject for further research. Here are some pics that will give us an idea of what the young women saw when they disembarked. The first one is a sketch of emigrants landing at Glenelg in South Australia, not that the orphans landed at this particular location. Their ships would dock at Port Adelaide. Glenelg 1847 courtesy State Library of South Australia There is an interesting account of the arrival of the Inconstant orphans in Port Adelaide in 1849. It appeared in the South Australian Register, 13 June 1849 (p.2. Local Intelligence bottom rt of page). Nowadays, with digitisation, research among newspapers has become much easier than before. Here’s the link to the paragraph I’m talking about. http://trove.nla.gov.au/ndp/del/page/4148476?zoomLevel=1 . The orphans had arrived at Port Adelaide, 8th June, about 14 kilometres away from the Native School on North Terrace, where they were to find “temporary asylum”. Travelling by dray gave them plenty of time to look around at their ‘new’ country. What a sight they must have made. “On Monday evening an extraordinary procession was seen on the North Terrace Road Ten drays fully laden with Irish female orphans were seen moving along at a brisk pace towards the Native School Location where it is understood they will find a temporary asylum. They all seemed warmly and comfortably clad, and excited much sympathy”. The next one is of Hobson’s Bay, Williamstown. There are lots of ships in Port Phillip Bay in 1853, more than when the orphans landed 1848-50. The Victorian gold rush was under way. Hobson’s Bay from the signal staff, Williamstown 1853 courtesy State Library Victoria This next pic is of Port Jackson. It’s by Oswald Brierly and called ‘Emigrants arriving at Sydney Cove’, dated 1853. Again it’s a couple of years after the Earl Grey scheme ended. There’s a steamer in the background, bottom right of the pic. A steamer was to take orphans from their ship to a landing dock. Oswald Brierly, ‘Sydney Cove Emigrants leaving ship’ ref DGV1/7 courtesy of State Library of New South Wales On the 8th February 1850 Surgeon Strutt wrote in his diary, “Landed all the girls in a large steamer and walked at their head to the Depot [Hyde park Barracks]. There was such weeping and wailing at leaving the ship; when on board the steamer an effort was made to give three cheers, but with very indifferent success. I stopped nearly all day at the Depot with them and got them settled as well as I could and saw that they all got their dinner, which unluckily was a meagre one, being a fast day. They will now be visited by the Catholic clergy and nuns for about a fortnight, confessed and persuaded to take the pledge. They will then be permitted to take situations”. The Irish Famine Memorial website http://www.irishfaminememorial.org has a link to ‘the historical walk the young women took from the harbour to Hyde Park Barracks’ which is well worth a visit. Not that the roads and ‘pavements’ the orphans walked were the same as today. The Sydney Depot Hyde Park Barracks in the 1840s, from the collections in the State Library, NSW. What did the Famine orphans think of this ‘new world’? Did some of them make their way to the Depot, their eyes down, frightened little waifs, still traumatised by their Famine and workhouse experience? Or did some have a sense of freedom, of being liberated from their past, being healed in part by their long sea journey? Undoubtedly there was a wide range of emotions. But it would be a sorry state if we were to deny them the wonder of their world turned upside down when they arrived in Australia. After the hurly-burly of the harbour and goods being loaded and unloaded at the docks, travelling to the Depot gave the young women a chance to look around. Hanna Hayes, Hanna Hayes, will ye look at them big white birds? Look, look, watch them swoop. Squawwck, squawwk. They’re wearing a big yellow comb on their head. Lordy, lordy. Ach no, Kitty Kelly. Look over there. Who’s that man watching over the river? Over there, over there–the tall black man standing straight. He’s standing on one leg. [26 March 1850, Strutt tells in his diary of an Aboriginal man refusing to take Biddy Rabbit as his wife; his wives would be jealous and anyway, she had “too much yabber”.] Aw Mary Carty, Ellen Dunbar, will ya look at that. Ah go on. I dare ya. Talk to him. “You observe…He wears a broad-brimmed cabbage tree hat…a check shirt, open at the neck, and presenting a bold front; a blue jacket, and a gay waistcoat. His trowsers…are cut so much to the quick, that your dread of their bursting keeps you in a state of uncomfortable nervous apprehension. He wears an immense moustache…and a red scarf or comforter is tied around his waist”. (Lurgan etc Agricultural Gazette 4 Oct 1849) Where’s Mary Power? She knows all her flowers. What’s that yellow flowering bush by the side of the road? Young Mary Power probably had no idea what it was. The people, the flora, the fauna, everything was so very different to what the orphans knew. Even the sky seemed bluer, and further away than at ‘home’. The light was brighter. The sun shone harder. They were seeing things few people in Ireland had ever seen–wallabies and kangaroos, kookaburras and lizards, and big hairy spiders, bright coloured parrots, wattle and gum trees, red earth and dry dust, and Aboriginal people coming into town. Evelyn Conlon gives her readers a sense of this very different world in her novel about the orphans, Not the Same Sky, Wakefield Press, 2013. Let me try giving you another yet similar sense of what I’m talking about. My thanks to http://tintean.org.au/ for the link. Let’s see if this works. It’s part of a trailer for an Irish film called “Assimilation”. https://vimeo.com/75656628 Louis de Paor is reading from his poem ‘Didjeridu’ (from his Gobán Cré is Cloch). Here’s a verse or two of his poem. An English version appears as subtitles on the video. He’s accompanied by Kev Carmody on Didgeridoo. Sorry the video no longer exists (2019). Má sheashann tú gan chor ar feadhsoicind amháin nó míle bliain cuirfudh sé ealta liréan ag neadú i easc na gcuach id chlaon fholt cam gorma pearóidí dearga ar do ghuaillí loiscthe is cucabora niogóideach ag fonóid féd chosa geala, beidh treibhanna ársa an aeir ag cleitearnach timpeall ort ag labhairt i mbéalrá ná tuigeann do chroí gall ghaelach bán. This music is not played to lure a snake from the woven basket of your distended belly with a heatwave of torrid notes and swooning melodies. It won’t set your rebel foot tapping on stone to taunt your straight jacketed intellect with squalls of hornpipes and twisting slides. If you stand and listen for a second or a thousand years lyrebirds will nest in the devious loops of your branching hair, green blue red parrots will perch on your scalded shoulders and a sarcastic kookaburra make fun of your scorched white feet, you’ll hear parakeets and lorikeets flutter round your head, ancient tribes of the air speaking a language your wild colonial heart cannot comprehend. IMMIGRATION DEPOTS Hey Mister, Where we goin’? To the Immigration Depot? How far is it? Who’s the Matron, do ye know? Hey, Hanna, Mary, Jane…Alice Smith, listen, the matron’s a Cork woman at the Barracks. Isn’t that the best news? It’s the best news I’ve heard all day, so it is. The Port Jackson (Sydney) arrivals made their way up the hill to the former convict building, Hyde Park Barracks which had been refurbished to accommodate female immigrants earlier in 1848. The Port Adelaide arrivals would travel to the Native School, behind Matthew Moorhouse’s residence on North Terrace in Adelaide itself. I’m not sure where the Port Phillip (Melbourne) orphans first went. Did the Lady Kennaway orphans go to a building in Williamstown? I doubt they went to any kind of tent city, colonial authorities being ever so concerned these young women were “without natural protectors”. However, on the 5th January 1849 the Port Phillip Gazette reported that Governor Fitzroy had arranged for “the depot situated on allotments 8 and 9 of section 16 at the angle of William Street and Collins Street has been appropriated as an establishment for the reception of the…female orphan immigrants from Ireland”. That presumably was where the Melbourne Immigration Depot was situated. Thanks to Kelly Starr we know where the Immigration depot was in Melbourne from this 1855 map. https://commons.m.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Melbourne_map_1855.jpeg?fbclid=IwAR0M9WPcItoACcMiFxKiLGBa6wLF_YTfQ5uqxXZQ9hDLQ8ift05inKiuTfA Kelly also has alerted us to an article in the press referring to the hiring of orphans from the first vessel to arrive in Port Phillip, the Lady Kennaway. It is from “The Melbourne Daily News (Vic. : 1848 – 1851) Tue 12 Dec 1848 Page 3 Advertising” . For some of the young women, Depot life could be an untimely reminder of their workhouse days. They were once again subjected to an institutional discipline. Orphan ships arrived within months of each other, one hot on the heels of another. With each ship carrying about 200 young women, pressure was put on Immigration Agents and Matrons alike. To cope with such a large body of arrivals, some kind of regimen was necessary–when should the young women go to bed, when should they rise, when they should eat, when should they prepare themselves to meet their prospective employers. And most controversially, should they be allowed to return to the Depot when their indentures were cancelled? Conflict in the South Australian Depot Of course conflicts did occur between government officials and the young women. One of the most explicit examples, perhaps not so well-known, occurred in the South Australian Depot at the Native School on North Terrace. A local newspaper, The South Australian Register, 21 January 1850, published a damning letter written by Aliquis, who turned out to be a Mr D’Arcy (not that Mr D’Arcy!) “…I beg to call your attention to the existence of a brothel supported at the public expense and to the disgrace of an establishment under the superintendence of a paid officer of the Government. I allude to the depot at the Native Location for the reception of the female orphans landed upon our shores, where the most disgusting scenes are nightly enacted. I will not attempt to portray the Bacchanalian orgies to be witnessed there every night…”. The editor of the newspaper added to the calumny claiming “…the rations of the girls were occasionally stopped, punishments inflicted on trivial pretexts, and that some girls have been capriciously expelled”. Ever mindful of being seen to do the ‘right and proper’ thing, the Children’s Apprenticeship Board, under Matthew Moorhouse, immediately set up an enquiry to defend themselves and rebut the charges. Their report is available as part of the Australian Joint Copying Project (AJCP) on microfilm in Australian State Libraries. The original is in the Public Record Office in London at Colonial Office (CO) 13/71, pp.461-485. It is also available in my Barefoot, vol.2, pp.35-43. Do have a look at the Report if you can. I’d be interested to learn how you read and interpret it. For me, it is clear some government officials were less than sympathetic towards the Irish orphans. Not that the orphans themselves were totally innocent. They asserted themselves and were combative, refusing to do work they did not want to do, and refusing to be cowed by those in authority. They saw themselves as entitled to food and able to leave an employer and return to the depot if it was in their own best interest. Not everyone agreed. Unfortunately only a few of the orphan witnesses to the enquiry are linked to specific ships, Mary Creed per Elgin, Nora McDonald per Elgin, Mary Ann Murray ex Roman Emperor. Others, not so. Sometimes matrons themselves defied regulations. Mrs Murphy defied Matthew Moorhouse by allowing orphans to visit her “in defiance of all instructions”, sometimes allowing an orphan to stay overnight. She was given to a ‘secret harbouring of orphans‘, according to Moorhouse. Mrs Murphy said “she could not have it on her conscience of having refused any girl a night’s lodgings”. But she would lose her job for her troubles. I’m not filling the water casks, Nora McDonald. It’s not my turn. She called me a blackguard slut, so she did. I did not. Yes you did. Not. Did. Not. Did. Lizzie Coogan. Watch out. They’ll stop your tea and sugar. Some employers’ complaints about orphans who returned to the Depot suggest that an apprenticeship agreement or master-servant contract may well have existed in law. But in practice, things came down to personal relationships, how well master and servant got on with one another. Neither seemed aware of the wording of the contract itself. And the examples in this report are of ones that did not work. Jane Hall was “dismissed for want of civility, violent temper and abusive language”. “I had great difficulty keeping Margaret Collins within doors of an evening”. “My brother in law who is now dead of relapse said, let her (Eliza Day) go and don’t have another in her place—she is a dirty, filthy, idle wretch, let her go…”. It is also clear there were clashes between the orphans and Mrs Hill, Acting Matron and Mr Moorhouse. Mrs Hill admitted “to having called the girls “dirty brutes” but I never told anyone to go to the Devil; or called one a blackguard wretch”. Matthew Moorhouse also admitted to calling them ‘brutes’, had seen them stealing stores from native stores, and dismissed Creed, McCarthy and Collins for having refused employment three times. “Had I not dismissed them, we should have had an average of about 100 constantly living upon Government”. Perhaps the sensibilities of modern day’s readers would be most shocked by the orphan girls’ toilet habits. Was it a case of ‘bog Irish’, or young women frightened of the dark in a strange land, of inadequate arrangements in the Depot, or of our own lack of knowledge of toilet habits in the past? Mrs Hill deposed to the enquiry, “I have frequently known the girls use their pannicans as night vessels and in the morning dip them into the water cask which we use for cooking. I have also witnessed when rising in the morning the passage made into a water closet and night soil here with ashes thrown over. Matthew Moorhouse submitted “On the arrival of the Inconstant we had for some time 70 to 100 girls in the Depot Their habits were insufferably dirty; we had ample water closet accommodation, but they were too lazy to cross the yard, to use this convenience. On paying my morning visit, I beheld quantities of human faeces about the verandah and door, and in one instance i saw that one girl had not even taken the trouble to go outside the door, but had soiled the wall against which her bed was lying…These instances of offensiveness and filth being daily before me, caused me to express myself in severe, and probably, in apparent unkind language”. Culture clash at its most basic? In Sydney, the orphans who returned to Hyde Park Barracks after their indentures were cancelled, discipline was more severe. They were put into a cramped and poorly ventilated room at the Barracks to pick oakum (unpicking old rope). Only when the Sisters of Mercy intervened did the practice end, and the young women sent to country depots at Wollongong, Parramatta, Bathurst, Maitland, Newcastle, Port Macquarie, and Moreton Bay. [check 1859 Report] The Immigration depots were designed to be temporary accommodation for the Earl Grey orphans, an asylum where they could rest awhile and receive religious instruction from the clergy of their faith. But their primary purpose was to hire out the orphans as servants, indenture those under 17(?) as apprentices and hire out the others under “ordinary agreements”. (See the example of a Female Apprenticeship contract in post 13 https://wp.me/p4SlVj-g4). Anne Smith’s apprenticeship indenture Members of the different Orphan Committees vetted potential employees. Anyone with a poor reputation or ran a public house would not be permitted to have an orphan as servant. But rules are made to be broken, and in practice cannot always be enforced. One can follow the approval process, and indeed the employment history of many of the orphans, in the Registers and Indexes of applications for orphans in New South Wales State Records 4/4715-57, and dispersed throughout the Immigration Agent’s correspondence beginning c. SRNSW 4/4635. Registers of application etc for orphans No 326 From Adelaide Forbes, Wooloomooloo 5 April 1849 Expresses desire to get rid of Mary Ann Galway (Earl Grey) who entered her service November last. Answer. could only get rid of her by bringing her up at the Police Office or by a regular transfer of indentures Wooloomooloo sketch 1850 courtesy State Library NSW No. 807 John Armstrong, Surveyor Macquarie Street 24 August 1849 Applying for an orphan female as a general house Servant under an Indenture 895. Approved for an apprentice. No 833 Mr J Solomons, Australia Hotel, Clarence St., 5 Sept 1849 Requests permission to have Ann Callaghan per Digby as general house servant transferred from service of Colin MacLeod. Consent to this request against the rule laid down with reference to publicans. No 967 Sarah Cullins per Lady Peel, Parramatta Street, Sydney 22 October 1849 complaining of ill-usage from her mistress and requesting to be removed from her service. Ask Dr Gregory to investigate. My mistress was unkind sur. She called me a dirty papist and wouldn’t let me go to Mass on Sunday. No 329 Principal Superintendent Convicts 12 March 1850 forwarding application of John Lawrence for permission to marry Rosanna Cartwright per Digby. Colonial government officials and Orphan Committees were conscientious in adhering to the letter of the law, at least in the early days. Asking for character references; conferring power of attorney; even asking Police Magistrates in the country for character references from local clergy for prospective employers; arranging for constables to accompany orphans going to country depots; appointing married couples to look after the orphans in country depots were all grist to Merewether’s mill. Surgeon Strutt personally supervised the placement of ‘his girls’, 100 of whom accompanied him over the Ranges, through Goulburn, Yass and as far as Gundagai. The correct legal procedure for cancelling indentures was also enforced as far as practicable. In contrast, H H. Browne, Magistrate in the Water Police Office, presided over the Sydney court which cancelled orphan indentures. As member of the employer class, he tended to favour employers over the orphans. His prejudices were to come back to haunt him at a later date. The indenture system did not work so well in South Australia, despite the Governor’s Ordnance of August 1848 (See my blogpost no. 13). As long ago as 1964, Cherry Parkin pointed out in her Honours thesis at the University of Adelaide, that 142 employers had failed to apprentice their orphan servants, objecting to the legal formality of binding the ‘girls’. Whilst as early as January 1849, 32 out of 60 indentured ‘girls’ had left their situations, only one of whom was taken to court. Moorhouse, himself, objected to the expense involved in taking matters to court. (GRG24/6 1849 991 28 March) The problem then arose of how long authorities were obliged to accommodate orphans who returned to the depot after leaving their situations. But let me to return to the question of cancelled indentures at a later date. Orphans sent up country Immigration Agent’s correspondence SRNSW 4/4635 1848/106 10 August 1848 Military Barracks at Brisbane to be used as Immigrant Barracks 1848/129 Immigration depot to be established at Goulburn perhaps vacant Court House to be rented at £35 pa 1849/111 2 March 1849 the 19 orphans named in the margin to be taken to Parramatta, their binding to be approved by the clergyman of their religion. Ach Jaysus Sarah Moran here we go again. Where to this time? Will it be any better than before? I’m going to find meself an ould fella to marry. I’ll be workin’ for no one but me. Merewether in Sydney and Patterson in Melbourne coped with the influx of female orphans by distributing them throughout the colony. As the numbers increased and it became increasingly difficult to find employers for the orphans, such a strategy became imperative. The usual means of transport was by water. Many an orphan found herself on a boat again, this time on her way to Windsor or Parramatta, Wollongong or Newcastle, Maitland and the Hunter Valley, or to Port Macquarie and Brisbane, all of which could be reached by water. Otherwise, it was a long and probably less comfortable journey by dray over the mountains to Bathurst, Goulburn and beyond. Parramatta 1847 courtesy State Library NSW http://acmssearch.sl.nsw.gov.au/search/itemDetailPaged.cgi?itemID=446322 Hunter River1853 courtesy State Library NSW collections Strutt’s diary gives a wonderful account of his travels with 108 orphans from the Thomas Arbuthnot, over the Ranges and well into the South western regions of today’s New South Wales. He took “his girls” via Parramatta to Liverpool and Camden, over Razorback to Picton, across the Bargo River to Berrima and Goulburn, thence to Gunning and Yass. And from Yass he took the remaining 45 young women on a 12 hour trek to Gundagai. His round trip lasted from 18 February 1850 until 29 April. Monday 18 Started with 108 girls and young women…by steamer to Parramatta Tuesday 19 Started with 14 drays drawn by teams of horses, from 2 to 4 each. Was sworn in Special Constable on the occasion…Encamped for the night about ten miles beyond Liverpool, I sleeping under a dray, and much more tormented by ants, fleas or some creature that bit like fury. aeeeeye aaeeeye aaah Wednesday 20…Mary Brandon and Mary Conway were thrown off..and the wheel went over their legs. The orphans were not the only ones struck by the unfamiliar Australian fauna. Still using the “European’ words he was familiar with–‘forest’, magpies’ and ‘tarantula’–Strutt recorded in his diary, Monday 25 …The forest was more animated with parrots, large magpies, cockatoos etc., to say nothing of the insect tribe, large ants, which make great hills three or four feet high, and as hard as clay very much sun dried. The people use these hills beaten into a fine paste with water to make floors for their cottages. Biddy O’Dea caught a large tarantula, which she brought to me in her apron… A similar tactic of distributing the orphans into the hinterland was employed by the Acting Immigration agent in Melbourne, John Patterson and Superintendent La Trobe. Below is a contemporary map, not drawn to scale which shows where some of the orphans were sent–Salt Water river, Geelong and Portland. Charles Norton map Port Phillip and around courtesy State Library of Victoria PROV VPRS 32 Police Magistrate Portland Letters-in. Item 4 contains letters from Superintendent La Trobe making arrangements for 37 orphans per Pemberton to be sent to Portland by the steamer Raven accompanied by Surgeon Sullivan and a sub-matron. Two of the major settlers in the area, Henty and Leake, were appointed as their Guardians. PROV VPRS 34 Police Magistrate Portland Letters-out 1849-52 Item 3 “Police Magistrate Portland to his Honor the Superintendent 23 June 1849 The single females have been housed in the Immigration Barrack at the Customs post under the protection of two married immigrants recommended by the Surgeon and a married constable”. The other major area to receive Earl Grey Famine orphans was Geelong. By the time the Eliza Caroline arrived in Port Phillip–the last orphan vessel, with orphans from Skibbereen on board–finding positions for them in Melbourne was extremely difficult. Many of them would be sent to Geelong. Geelong in 1850 courtesy State Library of Victoria Country house Geelong courtesy State Library of Victoria I’m very much aware what I’ve left out or left undeveloped in this post. There are orphan histories begging to be told: Eliza Taafe per Inconstant designated as ‘insane’ when she arrived in Adelaide. The Surgeon later attributed her strange behaviour on board ship to her Famine experience in Ireland. A local doctor predicted she was not permanently insane: simply in need of kindness and care: Mary Stephens, of Inchinnan fame, whose indentures with J Mackay, in Sydney, were cancelled 20 July 1849 and she sent to Moreton Bay. [It is always pleasing to see the high standard of work being done by others interested in the Earl Grey Famine orphans, for example, on the website www.mayoorphangirls.weebly.com ] Mary Stephens, according to Ray Debnam, was visited in the Brisbane Barracks four times by Dr Ballow, 15 -19 August 1849. Less convincingly, Ray suggests she may have married Thomas Kavanagh in Brisbane RC Church 17 September 1849. Or, to finish my three examples, Margaret Cumins per Pemberton ‘raped’–‘violated forcibly’– is the term used in her statement, by her employer Patrick Ryan at Salt Water River in 1849. (PROV VPRS 115/P unit 3 49/381. See also my Barefoot vol2., pp.31-4) “…when her relative was out milking the cows, Ryan violated her forcibly and against her will: she did not tell this to her relative or to anyone else at the time, but went back again to live at Ryan’s, and Ryan had frequently criminal connexion with her since that time…” Dr Rule told me the case did not go to court, perhaps a conviction would be too difficult. Margaret lived what Dr Rule calls a ‘fairly rackety life’ being convicted of robbery in 1862 and other convictions in the late 1860s. In 1872 she was sent from gaol to a lunatic asylum. There are other details I’ve omitted from this post, Merewether’s administration of orphans being sent up country, for example; Im. Cor. 49/240 ‘Mr Featherstone to be in charge of the party [to Goulburn]. It will be his duty to keep a strict watch over the females on the road, to prevent them having any communication with strangers and not to allow them to quit his charge under any circumstances’, which continues, Im. Cor. (49/271) 31 May Merewether to the Police Magistrate Parramatta re the misconduct of draymen who conducted orphans to Goulburn under the charge of Martin Featherstone, and finally, Im. Cor. (49/328) 18 June Merewether to Police Magistrate Bathurst re the appointment of Martin Featherstone and his wife as Superintendents of the Immigrant Depot at Bathurst. They are to be given two shillings and sixpence per day, a daily allowance of an adult and a female ration, fuel and candlelight, and accommodation for himself and his family at the Depot. One wonders too if orphans were paid proper wages. Merewether was well aware ‘the orphans were under the complete control of the government’ and could be made to accept lower than the current rate of wages, if it proved expedient. Yet in 1850 (50/341) he replied to the Bench of Magistrates at Wollongong which had tried to reduce the orphans’ wages, “the present wages readily given in Sydney and elsewhere are as much below the current rate for female servants, as the [Orphan] Committee would feel themselves justified in fixing them…”. And what of the frequency with which orphan indentures were cancelled? Was it higher than usual? How is this to be explained? Was it part of a systemic weakness of the Earl Grey scheme? Or is there more than this? What part did it play in giving the scheme a bad reputation and bringing it to an end? How should the cancellation of orphans’ indentures be interpreted? Closer examination may uncover some truths everyone may not like to hear. This is something that warrants a closer look, don’t you think? I’ll need to return to some of these issues when next I examine opposition to and ending of the Earl Grey scheme–soon come, I promise..and if you believe that…	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line1126
__label__wiki	0.553374	0.553374	Saving Dolphins STWI Home About STWI STWI Programs Busting Pirate Whalers Whale DNA Initiatives Bogus Commercial Whaling Fisheries Impacts Educating the World about the Reality of Whales since 1976 We’ve had the chance to know a lot of great people while helping the world know whales. A messaged from ET president DJ White: Hi there! Watch this site…. we have a whale-sized trove of educational information on whales to put up at this new website, and it’ll take as long as it takes. We literally have rows of file cabinets full of unique history, biology, and stories about whales and whaling; and hundreds of hours of original ET video content to migrate to digital format and put up here. (If you’ve ever wanted to volunteer long hours dubbing and digitizing video, we’ve got a great job for you!) Lloyd & DJ with a first-place film festival award for “WhaleSong; Whales and Dolphins of the Pacific” Education has been a pleasure, a passion, and a necessary strategy for ET and STWI since our start in 1976. At that time, people knew almost nothing about whales which wasn’t discovered by cutting them up. The very first underwater footage, shot by pioneers like Jim Hudnall, was showing whales to be amazing, complex, streamlined and sophisticated beings, and not just the floating lumps of meat they had seemed to be. Educating the world about the reality of whales became vital in the attempt to prevent their eradication. And it was a grim time, starting out, because saving any of them at all seemed a huge long shot. We’ve been lucky enough to play a role in the transformation of whales in human culture; and that transformation needs to continue. The reality of whales still bowls me over. As you read this, there are real living creatures with brains many times the size of your own who are over 200 years old, thinking thoughts we can’t even guess at beneath polar ice. If we found such creatures on a moon of jupiter, it would transform our view of the universe, and we would seek to know what they know. But since they’re vulnerable and unlike us, and we have a tradition of killing them off, we value them only as a source of spare meat, as human and dogfood which is not needed except ceremonially. Educating the world about whales has meant learning a lot ourselves, and getting to know some great humans who have worked with us. Astronauts, authors, futurists, musicians, filmmakers, computer industry scientists, biologists, and many others. Robin Williams at Project Delphis Personally, I wore two hats as director of EarthTrust and as a leader in the Greenpeace movement from ’76-85, so I lived through and helped steer some very dramatic teaching opportunities for the world of whales, alongside some of the early titans of the whale-saving movement. That experience help me make the decisions in steering ET and STWI when I made them my full-time vehicle in 1985 and beyond. Remember the Star Trek whale movie? That teaching opportunity started on my typewriter keyboard, pitching Paramount suggestions for a whale-centric plotline; and it progressed to my setting up Mark and Debbie Ferrari as their whale experts for the film. I really liked the way that movie came out. Remember Dr. John Lilly, the fellow who was the real-life basis for the movie “Altered States”? Reading his books about cetacean intelligence challenged me and excited me back in the early ’70’s. Yet as the years rolled on, even some of his more outlandish-seeming speculations took on a certain plausibility. I met John in ’79 and he would up moving to Maui and becoming an involved contributor to several ET projects (Particularly the Delphis project, which he considered the heir to his own work on dolphin intelligence). So ET was well-connected with the most “out there” whale scientist; yet the same project had Dr. Ken Norris, the world’s most respected dolphin expert, as an advisor and supporter. John Lilly taking a smoke break at the Delphis lab Our international board was run until shortly before his death by no less a teacher than Sir Arthur C. Clarke, who also supported our projects financially, and loved the “documentary factory” for whales & dolphins we had created, injecting new knowledge about the cetaceans into world culture by drawing independent documentary makers to us, from local stories to IMAX filming. Arthur Clarke dedicated his time and funding to the ET approach to research and education. Because the reality of whales and dolphins is about the closest thing there is to real-world SciFi. And could we have had a better spokesman for the whales and dolphins than Lloyd Bridges, Mr. “Sea Hunt”? Lloyd appeared in many of our educational video productions and lent his sincerity and caring to many projects; as well as hosting an annual pro-whale benefit on Maui each year with he and his family helping spread the word about whales. It has been amazing to meet and get to know hundreds of celebrities, scientists, and other humans who have volunteered their time to help us tell the story. But it has been even more amazing to get to know cetaceans on a closer level. To have experienced back-and-forth communication with the mind of a dolphin, to have held a young humpback whale in the surf and hear its vocalizations, feel it’s mighty breathing flesh-to-flesh. They’re real people; different from us but not inferior. It could take us thousands of years to even partially understand them, and I want them, and us, to have that chance. It’s insanely cool that convergent evolution placed other races of self-aware, intelligent beings on our planet. It is just insane that we are well along the road to wiping them all out. I can feel good that ET’s efforts and my own have saved thousands of whales and millions of dolphins from a more immediate death; and that credit goes to all of you who have donated to ET and STWI to make that possible. There has never been an advocacy group which has saved more cetacean lives through education and through direct intervention. But as with the saving of any lives, the victory is only temporary. Now in addition to the many curses we have visited upon the whales, we are acidifying the seas with our CO2, returning them to oceans of primordial slime which will have no place for animals like whales and dolphins. They will mostly be doomed within 50 years of business as usual, and pretty much nobody yet understands this. So the biggest challenge of all for whale education will be in conveying to the world that there is a choice to be made, and the whales and dolphins are representatives of what we stand to lose as we lose the seas we and they evolved with. Join with us to help get this across… and watch this space for video, stories, and other content as we digitize and move content over! – DJ White, president & founder, EarthTrust and Save the Whales Intl. All text & images Copyright - EarthTrust 1988-2014 - Enfold Theme by Kriesi	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line1127
__label__cc	0.571877	0.428123	Articles Landings and Layovers: Mapping Migratory Bird Habitats in Mississippi Landings and Layovers: Mapping Migratory Bird Habitats in Mississippi Earthzine November 23, 2014 DEVELOP Fall 2014 VPS, DEVELOP Virtual Poster Session, Original Project Team: SSC Mississippi Water Resources Team Team Location: NASA Stennis Space Center, Hancock County, Mississippi Shown here is a preliminary landcover classification of the Mississippi Gulf Coast, used in the habitat model to highlight favorable cover types for each species. Image Credit: SSC Mississippi Water Resources Team. Shelby Barrett Luke Wylie Benjamin Beasley Brennan McDaniel Mentors/Advisors: Joseph Spruce (NASA Stennis Space Center) James ÛÏDocÛ Smoot (NASA Stennis Space Center) Coastal and migratory bird habitats in Mississippi are highly dynamic and constantly threatened by human activity. Today, these coastal and migratory species are typically found on managed public lands. However, as of 2014, the Pascagoula River Audubon Center (PRAC) and the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation (NFWF) reported shorebird populations in coastal Mississippi are continually in decline. In response, the Mississippi Audubon Coastal Bird Stewardship Program (CBSP) plans to focus on more than 20 sites in coastal Mississippi. This includes: planning and conducting standardized monitoring, implementing best-practice restoration projects, and a campaign to educate diverse audiences to increase understanding of the threats to and environmental/societal benefits of coastal and migratory birds. To support these efforts, this project used Landsat 8 OLI imagery from 2012 to 2014 to produce habitat classification maps that incorporated land use land cover, vegetation health, and water quality indices of areas in coastal Mississippi where these vital bird habitats are located. The project focused on at-risk coastal bird species such as the least tern. End products and methodologies aided end-users in focusing habitat restoration efforts based on individual species’ propensity to a particular area. Back to VPS page.	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line1128
__label__wiki	0.644514	0.644514	Ethiopia: 5 arrested over attack on mosques in Amhara Ethiopia, ethnic tension, mosque attack, religious tension Authorities in Ethiopia have arrested five people suspected of burning down four mosques in the country’s Amhara region. Regional spokesman Getnet Yirsaw announced the arrests in a Facebook post on Saturday. Ethiopia is struggling to deal with widespread ethnic violence as the political landscape in the country changes but there’s also been an increase in attacks that appear to be motivated by religious purposes. Five arrested over mosque attacks “Five people who are suspected of leading and organising the attacks have now been arrested,” Getnet Yirsaw, the Amhara state spokesman, said in a Facebook post on Saturday. State-affiliated Fana Broadcasting Corporate first reported on Saturday that a number of mosques were attacked in a town called Mota, which lies more than 350 kilometres north of the capital, Addis Ababa. Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed condemned the attacks in a statement published on social media. “Attempts by extremists to breakdown our rich history of religious tolerance and coexistence have no place in the new prosperity focused Ethiopia,” the PM said in posts published on his Facebook and Twitter accounts. “I condemn such acts of cowardice and call upon all peace loving Ethiopians to draw upon our deep knowledge of coexistence and our reservoir of respect,” the statement also said. Featured image: By MarcD., CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=56746941 South Sudan President set to pardon prisoners South Sudan President Salva Kiir has ordered the release of […] Kenya: swarm of desert locusts worst in decades Kenya is facing an “unprecedented threat” from its worst swarm […] Rwandan official convicted on charges of genocide A court in Belgium has convicted 71-year-old Rwandan official Fabien […] Ethiopia sets $200,000 minimum spend for foreign investors Ethiopia has set a minimum threshold of $200,000 for foreigners […] Trump makes bizarre claim over Ethiopia PM’s Nobel Peace Prize US President Donald Trump puzzled global audiences on Thursday by […] South Sudan: Kiir and Machar agree to form unity government South Sudan President Salva Kiir and rebel leader Riek Machar […] Sudan, rebels sign peace deal to end conflict in Darfur Sudan’s transitional government and nine rebel groups operating in the […] Norway agree to take 600 refugees evacuated from Libya Norway on Wednesday agreed to welcome 600 refugees that have […]	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line1129
__label__cc	0.741638	0.258362	Exports and Productivity in Germany Joachim Wagner () No 41, Working Paper Series in Economics from University of Lüneburg, Institute of Economics Abstract: Using unique recently released nationally representative high-quality longitudinal data at the plant level, this paper presents the first comprehensive evidence on the relationship between exports and productivity for Germany, a leading actor on the world market for manufactured goods. It applies and extends the now standard approach from the international literature to document that the positive productivity differential of exporters compared to non-exporters is statistically significant, and substantial, even when observed firm characteristics and unobserved firm specific effects are controlled for. For West German plants (but not for East German plants) some empirical evidence for self-selection of more productive firms into export markets is found. There is no evidence for the hypothesis that plants which start to export perform better in the three years after the start than their counterparts which do not start to sell their products on the world market. Results for West Germany support the hypothesis that the productivity differential between exporters and non-exporters is at least in part the result of a market driven selection process in which those export starters that have low productivity at starting time fail as a successful exporter in the years after the start, and only those that were more productive at starting time continue to export. Keywords: Exports; productivity; micro data; Germany (search for similar items in EconPapers) JEL-codes: F14 D21 (search for similar items in EconPapers) New Economics Papers: this item is included in nep-eff and nep-int https://www.leuphana.de/fileadmin/user_upload/Fors ... pdf/wp_41_Upload.pdf (application/pdf) Journal Article: Exports and Productivity in Germany (2007) Working Paper: Exports and Productivity in Germany (2007) Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:lue:wpaper:41 More papers in Working Paper Series in Economics from University of Lüneburg, Institute of Economics Bibliographic data for series maintained by Joachim Wagner (). Handle: RePEc:lue:wpaper:41	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line1132
__label__cc	0.515442	0.484558	Are Public Sector Workers Paid More Than Their Alternative Wage? Evidence From Longitudinal Data and Job Queues Alan Krueger No 2500, NBER Working Papers from National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc Abstract: This paper performs a longitudinal comparison of public and private sector pay. Although not decisive because of small sample sizes, the results tend to corroborate the conclusions of previous cross-sectional studies. Specifically, I find that on average wages of federal workers exceed those of private sector workers by 10% to 25%, while wages of state and local government workers are roughly equivalent to or slightly less than the wages of private sector workers. Furthermore, these conclusions hold for a sample of workers who joined the government after being involuntarily displaced from their private sector jobs. In addition, a comparative analysis of the length of job queues suggests that on average more workers apply for job openings in the federal government than in the private sector. Finally, both longitudinal and cross-sectional analyses support the conclusion that the union wage gap is substantially smaller in the public sector than in the private sector. Note: LS Published as Freeman, Richard and Casey Ichniowski (eds.) When Public Sector Workers Unionize. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1988. Published as Are Public Sector Workers Paid More Than Their Alternative Wage? Evidence from Longitudinal Data and Job Queues , Alan B. Krueger. in When Public Sector Workers Unionize , Freeman and Ichniowski. 1988 http://www.nber.org/papers/w2500.pdf (application/pdf) Chapter: Are Public Sector Workers Paid More Than Their Alternative Wage? Evidence from Longitudinal Data and Job Queues (1988) Working Paper: Are Public Sector Workers Paid More Than Their Alternative Wage? Evidence from Longitudinal Data and Job Queues (1987) Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:nbr:nberwo:2500 Ordering information: This working paper can be ordered from http://www.nber.org/papers/w2500 More papers in NBER Working Papers from National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc National Bureau of Economic Research, 1050 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.. Contact information at EDIRC. Bibliographic data for series maintained by (). Handle: RePEc:nbr:nberwo:2500	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line1133
__label__wiki	0.561385	0.561385	Eyes on… Music Reviews Recent Posts: Eyes on... Music Reviews New Music Friday: 17th January December 6th, NMF! November 29th, NMF! November 22nd, NMF! 15th November, NMF! Reviewing new music every single Friday. 18th October, NMF! Posted on 18th Oct 2019 by jordanlee4 in Uncategorized This is quite possibly the best new music Friday of 2019 so far, and to accommodate the extra rise in effort this week, we’ll be highlighting a few more exceptional works. With Caroline Polachek dropping one of the best albums of the year, Sasha Sloan releasing her new EP, and Katy Perry returning with another banging pop song… It’s one hell of a week. CAROLINE POLACHEK / PANG ‘Pang’, the title track from Polachek’s mind-blowing new album, starts simply with a smattering of electronic bleeps before launching its charm offensive. A smack in the face to anyone who swears that electronic pop songs can’t accurately bring the human emotion that real instruments can, ‘Pang’ delicately explores that deep seated feeling in our chests, and might just be one of the strongest songs of the entire year. Beautifully minimal but bursting outwards when it needs to. Danny L Harle’s style continues to evolve in such an epic way that it really does feel like we’re looking at one of the next big producers of our time. KATY PERRY / HARLEY’S IN HAWAII Although ‘Never Really Over’ and ‘Small Talk’ occupy similar lanes to material Perry has worked on before, namely taking influence from the monumental Teenage Dream era and its pop sledgehammers, there wasn’t really any kind of expectation as to how ‘Harley’s…’ would sound once it eventually dropped – save for those leaked music video images from months ago. Luckily it’s everything you didn’t expect it to be and more. Following up from Witness album track ‘Tsunami’, it’s a sultry tropico-bop that feels more inspired by Ariana Grande than Perry’s back catalogue. And god damn, does she own it, especially when those last minute ad-libs come soaring through. LIZ / LAGUNA NIGHTS Liz clearly sold a part of her soul to some demon somewhere, having featured as a highlight on this very blog several times in the past few weeks, but the music continues to just astound in totally different ways each time. ‘Laguna Nights’ might be her best yet, a nostalgic 00’s floor-banger that wouldn’t sound out of place on a Selena Gomez greatest hits album. It works because of the sheer charisma in her delivery, taking us back on a time-warp to the times it clearly takes inspiration from. For those 4 minutes, you can lost in it, and that only happens with the very best. L DEVINE / PEACHY KEEN Had you told me that a song that samples ‘Bette Davis Eyes’ and sounds exactly like Terror Jr. would be Devine’s next release, I’d have spat in your eye. But ‘Peachy Keen’ is exactly that, and she does it so well that there’s almost no doubt that her sound was ever anything but. Smartly, it toys with the sample ever so, leaving the brain to piece together where it has heard it from. This might be Devine’s best effort yet. SOFI DE LA TORRE / DIMELO ‘Dimelo’, meaning ‘Tell Me’, is one of Sofi’s slowest efforts yet. Still accompanied with her bedroom-style beats, it’s a stunningly intimate ballad that aims right for the heart from the very start. Nobody quite does ballads like Sofi, and that’s in part due to the beautiful delivery every time. It takes charm to blend two tongues together and for that to translate to everyone, regardless of the language they know, and it comes across effortlessly here. The pain and heartbreak practically drip from every word. SASHA SLOAN / TOO SAD TO CRY Speaking of heart-slashing lyricism and delivery, Sasha Sloan’s new album comes equipped with one of the most powerful lyrical creations of her entire work so far. I’m too sad to cry, too high to get up Don’t even try ’cause I’m scared to fuck up Don’t like to talk, I just lay in my bed Don’t even try to go out with my friends Lied to my doctor, she knew I was faking Gave me some pills, but I’m too scared to take them I try and I try, but I’m too sad to cry I mean, take a look at that right there. There’s an exceptional talent here and a bravery to discuss the hardest of topics as if they were nothing, and it’s much harder than anyone will ever give credit for. The song itself stands right back and lets those lyrics take the spotlight, until Sasha steps forward with some delicious vocals in the second half. It’s just… stunning. DJ SPOONY, SUGABABES / FLOWERS If there was any justice in the world, this would be picked up by every radio station around the country and the UK would have no choice but to embrace back one of the greatest home grown girlbands we’ve ever had. Yes, girls, the original Sugababes are finally back, having fought for the name for a number of years. MKS, and the bulging vault of leaked tracks, is DEAD. ‘Flowers’ is the genius first step, fitting so well that you almost forget about the original song itself. Let’s hope there’s MORE to come and SOON. P!NK, KHALID / HURTS 2B HUMAN (MIDNIGHT KIDS REMIX) Well I certainly didn’t expect this floundering single to have fresh life breathed into it at this point of the campaign via one of my favourite remixes ever at this point. Not really taking the song apart at all, the song instead injects this wonderful explosion of emotion that sounds like it belonged there all along. Considering the emotional weight of the original song, it’s a real feat how well this manages to slot right in. This is… exactly what remixes are about. Well there are eight major highlights above, and even then I could keep talking about songs we’ve missed. Highasakite have dropped a Part One EP, and ‘Just a Small Quake’ is monumentally stunning, Allie X has followed up with the delightfully catchy and breezy ‘Rings a Bell’, ORKID‘s ‘CloudsNdrivebys’ features such an infectious synth/trumpet blend that I want in every one of her songs from now on, and Fickle Friends have co-opted the Wii Theme Song (Bolded for impact, yes the Wii theme song) into their new album lead, ‘Amateurs’. It’s one HELL of a week. best new musicbest new popcaroline polachekkaty perryl devinelizMusicmusic blogmusic discoverymusic listmusic newsmusic releasemusic reviewsnew musicnew music fridaynew music releasenew pop musicpinkpoppop musicsugababes Previous PostOctober 11th, NMF! Next Post25th October, NMF!	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line1143
__label__cc	0.719538	0.280462	Fact Free Media One man's thoughts on a variety of stupid things! Kayfabe Thoughts Kayfabe Forever Podcast Kayfabe Forever: My Wrestling Story – Pat Baer of UCB Theatre NY and League of Heels – 08/17/18 Featured ~ factfreemedia ~ Leave a comment Join me for a trip deep into the heart of the Baer Caev, as this week I am joined by Pat Baer from Upright Citizen’s Brigade Theatre NY and League of Heels. We talk WCW, WWE, comedy wrestlers, League of Heels (duh!), Chikara pro wrestling and more! Also: can you recognize the intro/outro music? https://factfreemedia.files.wordpress.com/2018/08/kf-my-wrestling-story-pat-baer-081718-81618-2-18-pm.mp3 THE LINKS! Follow Pat on Twitter here! Subscribe to Pat’s YouTube where you can find Pat’s Twitch panels, League of Heels stuff, Pat playing video games, and some really great builds! Wanna give Pat some money so that he can continue to build things and deliver great content? Click here for Pat’s Patreon page. Here is Pat’s profile page at Upright Citizen’s Brigade Theatre NY with some links to UCB videos featuring Pat and other talented UCB players. League of Heels: West Coast Wishes is at PAX West on 9/1 from 830-10pm. You can watch it on Twitch live and catch up on past Pax shenanigans over at their website. Follow League of Heels here! Here is the League of Heels store over at Pro Wrestling Tees if you want some of that sweet LoH merch! Lots of talk about Chikara pro wrestling in this episode. Here is a link to the promotion’s website and the roster can be found there as well. Oh you didn't know? Your a$$ better call somebody! Kayfabe Forever: My Wrestling Story – Aaron Trites from League of Heels – 06/22/18 What happens when you combine the worlds of video game media and video game wrestling? My guest this week is Aaron Trites from League of Heels and he dared to ask this question 5 years ago and has lived to tell the tale. Find out how young Aaron fell in love with wrestling through a book, how college-era Aaron got interested in Kaiju Big Battel, and how Xavier Woods and Kenny Omega got involved with League of Heels. Plus, find out one unique change he would make to the current WWE. There’s a lot here, so get listening! https://factfreemedia.files.wordpress.com/2018/06/kf-my-wrestling-story-aaron-trites-06-22-18-062118-3-40-pm.mp3 You can follow Aaron Trites on Twitter here. He’s got some cool stuff cooking that he can’t talk about quite yet, but you might be interested. Plus, he changed my life with his s’mores recipe… You can keep up with League of Heels nonsense on Twitter here… And if you want to see League of Heels roster and learn the history, visit the website by clicking here. Kenny Omega did the intro for last year’s Pax Rumble V event. Here is a link to the LoH Youtube page so you can watch all the ridiculousness unfold. Also: subscribe! As Aaron mentions on the show, League of Heels has a storefront over at ProWrestlingTees.com. Go buy some merch! Kaiju Big Battel is TOTALLY RAD. Follow them on the tweeties! Kayfabe Forever: My Wrestling Story – Kenny Herzog of The Ringer – 06/14/18 Here it is listeners: the first of 2 new episodes this week! Join me as I chat with Kenny Herzog from The Ringer about his “Wrestling Story”. Kenny talks about growing up during the WWF/E’s heyday in the 80’s and 90’s, how he got into wrestling journalism, and if he thinks WWE fears New Japan even a little. Kenny has some interesting opinions and he shares a bunch of them with me! Also, keep an eye out for the nearly-lost Owen Hart episode that drops tomorrow. You won’t want to miss either episode, so hit play NOW! https://factfreemedia.files.wordpress.com/2018/06/kf-my-wrestling-story-kenny-herzog-06-15-18-61418-1-45-pm.mp3 Follow Kenny Herzog on Twitter! Kenny has a website, and it includes a picture of Jiminy Glick! (it has other info too, but JIMINY GLICK!) Here is Kenny’s LinkedIn profile. It really is quite comprehensive and is a great place to start if you want to read more of Kenny’s stuff. “The Acute Angle” Kenny’s series on WWE’s foreign heels is really great. Click here to find everything he has written for The Ringer Kenny also has written a TON for Rolling Stone. Here is one of my favorite articles. It’s about Cody Rhodes and his decision to become an independent wrestler. Kayfabe Thoughts: The Best Wrestling Week of the Year! My 8 year old son loves the holiday season. Beginning on November 1, as he comes down from the candy high of Halloween the night before, he begins his countdowns: the first to Thanksgiving and then the big one to Christmas. His excitement grows every day as he anticipates the upcoming time with his extended family and, of course, the gifts. When Christmas finally comes, he wakes up early and with more enthusiasm than for any other day, determined to milk every moment out of the day he knows he only gets one time each year. That’s me (and probably you, too) this week. Get excited: it’s Wrestlemania week! There are nearly 50 wrestling or wrestling-related events going on in New Orleans from promotions big and small. From NXT: Takeover and the flagship to “Pancakes and Piledrivers” presented by Pro Wrestling Revolver and WrestleCon; and even as far out as Kaiju Big Battel there is truly something for everyone to enjoy. Fans from around the world make plans up to a year in advance to attend, planning out their itineraries more meticulously than my wife planned our first trip to Disney World, in order to take in as much as possible and make memories that last a lifetime. For those lucky enough to be in attendance, 3 things are for certain: sleep will be minimal; relationships will be tested; wrestling will be consumed. Those of us who cannot attend will still find plenty of ways to take in as much as possible, pushing our ISP download speeds and couch cushions to their limits in the process. We can do so thanks to the number of streaming services offered these days by various wrestling promotions willing to take our money. While I can’t physically be present to see Cody and Kenny battle for Bullet Club supremacy (Bullet Club is FINE!), I can watch it all go down live for just $9.99 a month from the comfort of my own home. Ah the internet: not just for porn anymore. And the internet will be there for all of us fans, allowing those in attendance and those on their couches to give us their hottest takes about the week’s happenings, both real and fictional. Nope, scuttlebutt isn’t just for Meltzer anymore. Fans will take to Twitter and Periscope to tell us about how they had a friend who hooked up with a WWE creative team member and they saw the official match order and OMG Nakamura/Styles is on the pre-show and Alexa/Nia is going on last. They will tell us they saw Kenny kiss Kota outside a sex club on Bourbon St the night before SoH. And we will eat that shit up, RTing and favoriting faster than a strike from Asuka and with less regard for the source than a GTS from KENTA. We will also do our best to not just use wrestling’s biggest stage (bought and paid for by wrestling’s 800lb gorilla the WWE) as a platform to bring more people into wrestling’s fold, but we will use it as a device to continue to fracture and disenfranchise existing fans. We love to hate on each other in the name of what we think is the best way, instead of appreciating the differences between each promotion’s approach to booking their business. There is nothing quite like the irony of someone in an Okada shirt berating a person in a Roman Reigns shirt because “Roman isn’t good. He’s just shoved down our throats every week.” It’s really quite breathtaking, but mostly it’s frustrating. One of my favorite places to browse for wrestling thoughts and ideas is r/SquaredCircle, but this week, I’ll try to avoid it. During this week, reason gets replaced by irrationality and flame wars abound. Still, to loosely quote the WWE philosophy, a negative reaction is still better than indifference, and there will be none of that to be found. Still, there is so much more good than bad that will happen this week and, as always, I’m ready for it. Truthfully, I’ve been waiting for it since last year’s ended. The best wrestling week of the year begins with excitement for ALL THE WRESTLING, ends after next Tuesday’s Smackdown with a feeling of gluttonous exhaustion from TOO MUCH GODDAMN WRESTLING, and usually features an apology to my wife somewhere in between. Maybe I should go ahead and post a spoiler that the apology is coming via some theater tickets and a nice meal now? Nah. Plans might change… Kayfabe Forever, Episode 12 03/30/18: Wrestlemania XIV 20th Anniversary Edition With the height of wrestling season upon us, while others may Punch Out!!!, I’m punching in to bring you this week’s episode celebrating the 20th Anniversary of Wrestlemania XIV. I’ll take you through all the highs (Undertaker/Kane!!!), lows (Marco? Mero!), and groans (Gennifer Flowers) of this truly industry-changing event. https://factfreemedia.files.wordpress.com/2018/03/kayfabe-forever-episode-12-33018-8-00-am.mp3 Fightful’s Brandon Howard wrote an excellent piece about Wrestlemania’s Business Stats that I found very insightful and it provided me with the financial info I mention about WMXIV early in the show. You should read it! Here is the video of Undertaker’s WMXIV entrance featuring “O Fortuna”. So very cool. An incredible promo featuring some great wrestling stars from the WWF’s early days. I forgot to mention Killer Kowalski is featured in this video, too. Watch it and know that Vinny Mac’s eyes will well up with tears! I mentioned that I’m writing an opinion column for NODQ.com now. Check them out over here! Kayfabe Forever Now Has a Youtube Channel! For those of you who would rather listen to the podcast via Youtube, Kayfabe Forever now has an official Youtube channel and Episode 10 is now available. Make sure to like and subscribe! https://youtu.be/DXA5XK-w2AA Kayfabe Forever, Episode 10 03/09/18: Wrestlemania IV 30th Anniversary Edition Wrestlemania IV is “What the World Is Watching” on March 27, 1988, and this year’s edition of the Colossal Tussle would feature a tournament for the vacant WWF World Heavyweight Championship. In this episode, we’ll take a No Holds Barred look at why they WWF found their championship vacated, for both kayfabe and real-life reasons, and review the entire card of Wrestlemania IV along with who wins it all. A winner is YOU, this week on Kayfabe Forever! https://factfreemedia.files.wordpress.com/2018/03/kayfabe-forever-episode-10-3918-2-41-pm.mp3 Fightful’s Brandon Howard wrote an excellent piece about Wrestlemania’s Business Stats that I found very insightful and it provided me with the financial info I mention about WMIV early in the show. You should read it! There is a great list of all the WWF supercards and tournaments, and the match order and times for a whole slew of PPVs over at prowrestlinghistory.com. Check out the bracket by clicking here! If you want to buy No Holds Barred, you can do so via Amazon by clicking here (I don’t have a linked page or get any kickbacks, just so you know.) …before you buy NHB, please check it out on Rotten Tomatoes first! Bob Uecker gets choked by Andre the Giant at Wrestlemania IV! Kayfabe Forever, Episode 9 03/02/18: A Completely Savage Episode OOH YEAH! This week’s episode is about the one and only Macho Man Randy Savage. I’ll discuss his life and career (ok, I’ll try not to spend too much time on his WCW run) and spend some time breaking down some of his classic matches and feuds along the way. This one takes a little longer to listen to than your average cup of coffee, but I’ve heard that the cream always rises to the top, so give this week’s Kayfabe Forever a listen, DIG IT? https://factfreemedia.files.wordpress.com/2018/03/kayfabe-forever-episode-9-03-02-18-3318-1-04-am.mp3 Macho Man Randy Savage – “Be A Man” on iTunes Kayfabe Forever, Episode 8 02/26/18: Where Do Horsemen Come From? Gather around everyone, it’s time for Episode 8 of Kayfabe Forever! This week, I’ll tell you a tale of Golden Lovers; Elimination Chambers good and bad; and the cautionary tale of Jim Crockett Promotions: the most talent-rich wrestling promotion ever. “Mark, where do Horsemen come from?” “That’s easy, sport: Jim Crockett Promotions!” All that and more, this week on Kayfabe Forever! https://factfreemedia.files.wordpress.com/2018/02/kayfabe-forever-episode-8-022618-12-24-pm.mp3 Jim Crockett Promotions: The Good Old Days documentary on HighspotsWrestlingNetwork.com Tyson Kidd and Cesaro watch the Elimination Chamber match for the WWE Tag Team Championship Upcoming Show Schedule: March 2: Macho Man Randy Savage March 9: Wrestlemania IV March 16: Rock/Austin Trilogy of Wrestlemania main event matches March 23: Wrestlemania XIV March 30: Andre the Giant April 6: Wrestlemania’s Top 10 Matches and Wrestlemania 34 preview Kayfabe Forever, Episode 7 02/15/18: I Hart You! Featured ~ factfreemedia ~ 2 Comments While recording this episode, I almost lost my smile. Don’t worry: sunny days are ahead for Kayfabe Forever! Join me this week when I talk about the great Bret Hart’s incredible WWF tenure and I take you through some of the “The Hitman’s” greatest matches, some of which you know already and some are lesser known hidden gems. While not exactly excellently executed, this episode of Kayfabe Forever is beyond a shadow of a doubt the longest there is, the longest there was, and the longest there ever will be! Here is the link to the reddit thread that has the list of Bret Hart matches put together by redditor MatthewMir (H/T to redditor NewSpicey for the rec!) https://factfreemedia.files.wordpress.com/2018/02/kayfabe-forever-episode-7-21518-1-52-pm.mp3 Kayfabe Thoughts: Summer Slam Predictions Edition – 08/19/18 August 19, 2018 Kayfabe Forever: My Wrestling Story – Pat Baer of UCB Theatre NY and League of Heels – 08/17/18 August 17, 2018 Kayfabe Thoughts: John Cena Thinks You’re Stupid July 27, 2018 Kayfabe Thoughts: WWE’s Once and Future King July 27, 2018 Kayfabe Thoughts: WWE’s Vince Problem July 27, 2018 Kayfabe Thoughts: Running on Empty July 27, 2018 Kayfabe Thoughts: The Most Wonderful Time of the (Wrestling) Year! July 27, 2018 Kayfabe Thoughts: Roman Reigns Is So Fetch July 25, 2018	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line1146
__label__cc	0.604692	0.395308	Postdoctorates Tenure-Track-Professors Target groups ▶ Quick access ▶ Faculty of Life Sciences Faculty structure Search menue News in German Press Releases in German Imprint/Contact Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin - Faculty of Life Sciences Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin \| Faculties & Departments \| Faculty of Life Sciences \| Refugees Welcome Welcome at the Faculty of Life Sciences The Student Welcome-Initiative of the Faculty of Life Sciences (LeWi) of the Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin (HU) has set itself the goal of making it easier for refugees interested in studying to enter our faculty and to integrate them into university life and the student community. The initiative has focused primarily on language promotion. This is implemented by a language café. The initiative also offers individual advisory services. Language café The LeWi-Welcome language café brings together newcomers and German-speaking people who want to get to know other people by learning languages together. Every Thursday evening, learners can meet in German conversation groups to learn the other language. Since the language café is centrally located on the north campus of the HU, it is a great opportunity for new arrivals interested in studying to get to know the campus and students of the HU. In addition, joint cultural activities are planned, cooking and games evenings are organised and events are attended. For information about our offers and current events, please join our Facebook group. We are looking forward to you! When? \| Every Thursday (only in the semester) \| 6 - 8 p.m. Where? \| Invalidenstraße 42, 10115 Berlin \| Main Building, Hall 4 (1st floor) The language support is flanked by personal counselling and assistance in everyday practical questions on the subject of studying and living in Berlin. If you have any questions or would like to make an appointment, please send us an e-mail to welcome.lewi@hu-berlin.de. Contact person (consultation hours by appointment) Birthe Hoffmann / Maximilian Devantier Invalidenstr. 42 The Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin (HU) has taken various initiatives in recent months to make it easier for refugees to enter the university. Offers for the refugees Albrecht Daniel Thaer-Institute of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences Faculty Guiding Principle Map: Invalidenstr. 42 / Campus Nord ZIS Form HU on the internet Humboldt University on Facebook Humboldt University on Twitter Humboldt University on Instagram Humboldt University on YouTube Humboldt University on Xing Humboldt University on LinkedIn RSS-Feeds of the Humboldt University last modified Jan 08, 2020 03:49	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line1148
__label__wiki	0.779486	0.779486	Report indicates Mexican monarch butterfly population at ten-year high, reasons unclear 14 December 2019: Greta Thunberg named 2019 Time Person of the Year 23 November 2019: Researchers break down deaths due to power plant pollution in the United States 21 November 2019: Slippery business: Materials scientists invent new coating for self-cleaning, water-efficient toilets 19 October 2019: Northern Arapaho Tribe welcomes buffalo herd in Wyoming, United States 12 October 2019: Scientists describe how 'upside-down rivers' of warm water break Antarctica's ice shelf The Center for Biological Diversity announced on Wednesday the monarch butterfly population counted over-wintering in Mexico was 144% greater than last year, with the highest overall population since the winter of 2006–2007. Scientists cautioned against an excess of optimism for the species. Monarch butterflies in hibernation. Image: Brocken Inaglory. Remarked Center for Biological Diversity scientist Tierra Curry, "This reprieve from bad news on monarchs is a thank-you from the butterflies to all the people who planted native milkweeds and switched to organic corn and soy products[...] But one good weather year won't save the monarch in the long run, and more protections are needed for this migratory wonder and its summer and winter habitats." Milkweed is the sole food of the monarch caterpillar. According to ecologist Chip Taylor of the University of Kansas, last year's relatively cool temperatures in the insects' migration corridor kept them in the right place at the right time to lay eggs with a good chance of survival. He also said this is not likely to happen again next year. Ecologist Ryan Norris of the University of Guelph in Ontario also said human actions had little to do with the increased population. Almost all of the monarch butterflies ranging across the continent, as far north as Canada, return to the same wintering area in central Mexico's oyamel fir forests every year. Scientists from the World Wildlife Fund Mexico estimate the population by observing the area turned orange by butterfly bodies on the trees. This year, the butterflies occupied roughly 6.05 hectares (14.95 acres; .0605 square km), up from 2.48 (6.12 acres) last year. The hibernation area was as large as 21 hectares in the 1990s and as low as under a hectare in 2014. Factors cited for the drop in the monarch's overall population include habitat loss, loss of milkweed to agricultural herbicides, and use of insecticides. The Center for Biological Diversity and Center for Food Safety requested monarch butterflies be given Endangered Species Act protections from the United States government in 2014. The decision is pending and expected in June of this year. George Kimbrell of the Center for Food Safety said "This year's count is a temporary reprieve that doesn't change what the law and science demands, which is that we protect monarchs under the Endangered Species Act before it's too late." Press release; Tierra Curry (contact). "Eastern Monarch Butterfly Population Rebounds: Ideal Weather Conditions Last Year Renew Hope for Beleaguered Butterfly" — Center for Biological Diversity, January 30, 2019 Associated Press. "Monarch butterfly population wintering in Mexico increases 144%" — The Guardian, January 30, 2019 Retrieved from "https://en.wikinews.org/w/index.php?title=Report_indicates_Mexican_monarch_butterfly_population_at_ten-year_high,_reasons_unclear&oldid=4464660"	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line1151
__label__wiki	0.511953	0.511953	Page:Howard Pyle's Book of Pirates (1921).djvu/322 This page has been proofread, but needs to be validated. Howard Pyle’s Book of Pirates moment, every power of thought and of sensation. All that perturbation of emotion that had before convulsed him he discovered to have disappeared, and in its stead a benumbed and blinded intelligence alone remained to him. As he stood in the presence of this second death, of which he had been as innocent and as unwilling an instrument as he had of the first, he could observe no signs either of remorse or of horror within him. He picked up his hat, which had fallen upon the floor in the first encounter, and, brushing away the dust with the cuff of his coat sleeve with extraordinary care, adjusted the beaver upon his head with the utmost nicety. Then turning, still stupefied as with the fumes of some powerful drug, he prepared to quit the scene of tragic terrors that had thus unexpectedly accumulated upon him. But ere he could put his design into execution his ears were startled by the sound of loud and hurried footsteps which, coming from below, ascended the stairs with a prodigious clatter and bustle of speed. At the landing these footsteps paused for a while, and then approached, more cautious and deliberate, toward the room where the double tragedy had been enacted, and where our hero yet stood silent and inert. All this while Jonathan made no endeavor to escape, but stood passive and submissive to what might occur. He felt himself the victim of circumstances over which he himself had no control. Gazing at the partly opened door, he awaited for whatever adventure might next befall him. Once again the footsteps paused, this time at the very threshold, and then the door was slowly pushed open from without. As our hero gazed at the aperture there presently became disclosed to his view the strong and robust figure of one who was evidently of a seafaring habit. From the gold braid upon his hat, the seals dangling from the ribbon at his fob, and a certain particularity of custom, he was evidently one of no small consideration in his profession. He was of a strong and powerful build, with a Retrieved from "https://en.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=Page:Howard_Pyle%27s_Book_of_Pirates_(1921).djvu/322&oldid=9701212"	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line1156
__label__cc	0.586445	0.413555	47.680556-99.136111 North America > United States of America > Great Plains > North Dakota > Lakes and Gardens > New Rockford New Rockford is a town in the Lakes and Gardens region of North Dakota. It has a population of approximately 1,463 people. The area is situated along the central flyway, which makes it a likely destination for waterfowl hunting. Hunters can also go for deer and upland game. New Rockford is 150 miles from Fargo, 135 miles from Bismarck, 125 miles from Grand Forks, and 120 miles from Minot. By car: from I-94, take US-281 north about 60 miles Tomlinson Field, New Rockford ND, Tel: +1 701 947-5047 Community Credit Union, 20 1st. St. N, +1 701 947-5011. Security State Bank of ND, 6 South 8th Street, +1 701 947-2421. New Rockford Golf Club, Hwy 281 North, ☏ +1 701 947-2385. Eagle Club, 2923 7 8th St. S, ☏ +1 701 947-2440. New Rockford Swimming Pool, 230 2nd Ave. N, ☏ +1 701 947-2720. Rockford Theatre, 8 8th St. N, ☏ +1 701 947-5466. Wonder Lanes, 903 Central Ave, ☏ +1 701 947-2428. Fishing. At Warsing Dam, Sheyenne River, Battle Lake, and James River for pike, perch and walleye Hunting. North Dakota Game & Fish The Opera House, 818 Central Ave, ☏ +1 701 947-2174. In the historic 1910 Niven Building, a renovated theatre with seating for 130, performers from throughout the state come to act, sing, play, and dance at the acclaimed venue, recipient of the 2009 Governor’s Award for the Arts. Ticket price for all performances vary between $15 –$25 The shows typically run 4-6 weeks each and include Sunday matinees. Bakers Dozen, 20 8th St. N, ☏ +1 701 947-2359. Farmers Union Oil / CENEX, Hwy 281, ☏ +1 701 947-2492. Guthrie's Stop-N-Shop, Hwy 281, ☏ +1 701 947-2074. Hagen's SuperValu, 15 N. 7th St, ☏ +1 701 947-5612. Hardware Hank, 16 N. 8th St, ☏ +1 701 947-5155. Hideaway Hair Salon, 12 8th St N, ☏ +1 701 947-2373. JoAnns Beauty Shop, 933 4th Ave. N, ☏ +1 701 947-5954. LaVonne's Corner Cut & Curl, ☏ +1 701 947-5963. Log Cabin Liquors, Hwy 281, ☏ +1 701 947-5099. Richard's Radio and TV, ☏ +1 701 947-2774. Seaburg Drug, 4 8th St. N, ☏ +1 701 947-5313. Sharon's Greenhouse, 912 1st Ave N, ☏ +1 701 947-5548. Styles By Glenda, 820 Central Ave, ☏ +1 701 947-5963. Bill's Place Grill & Bar, 381 1st Street South, ☏ +1 701 947-5955. Bucket Joe's Pizza, 826 Central, ☏ +1 701 947-2455. D & J's Eats-N-Treats, 101 1st St, ☏ +1 701 947-5781. Dairy King, 104 Central Ave, ☏ +1 701 947-5781. Nathan's Burgers, 101 1st St N, ☏ +1 701 947-5781. Rockford Café, 714 1st Avenue North, ☏ +1 701 947-5624. RoughCuts Grill & Saloon, 381 1st St. S, ☏ +1 701 947-5976. Double D Saloon, 1678 Hwy 281 S, ☏ +1 701 947-2337. Hanson's Bar, 811 Central Ave, ☏ +1 701 947-5522. Bison Lodge, 222 1st Street South (Highway 281), ☏ +1 701 947-5947, fax: +1 701 947-5059. New Rockford is in area code 701. City Library, 813 1st. Ave. N, +1 701 947-5540. Post Office, 827 1st. Ave. N, +1 701 947-5312. Routes through New Rockford Brandon ← Churchs Ferry ← N S → Carrington → Jamestown This city travel guide to New Rockford is an outline and needs more content. It has a template, but there is not enough information present. Please plunge forward and help it grow! Retrieved from "https://en.wikivoyage.org/w/index.php?title=New_Rockford&oldid=3506082" Buy listing with no coordinates Eat listing with no coordinates Has routebox Lakes and Gardens This travel guide page was last edited at 19:32, on 13 May 2018 by Wikivoyage user Traveler100bot. Based on work by Wikivoyage users Mx. Granger, Wrh2Bot, Wrh2, Texugo, WOSlinker, Inasbot, The Anomebot2, Romaine and LtPowers and others.	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line1157
__label__cc	0.506488	0.493512	Europe > Italy > Northeast Italy > Veneto > Verona (province) > Verona 9.1 Budget 9.2 Mid-range 9.3 Splurge For other places with the same name, see Verona (disambiguation). The Arena, Verona Verona is an historic city with a population of about a quarter of a million in north-eastern Italy's Veneto region. It's most famous as the setting for Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet and has been inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage list. Though close to the more popular tourist destination of Venice, many people consider Verona a more relaxed and pleasant place to visit. There are many tourists, but the number of tourists per square metre is lower. 45.43752410.9933021 IAT Verona (Tourist information), Via Degli Alpini, 9 (Piazza Bra), ☏ +39 045 8068680, ✉ iatverona@provinciadiveronaturismo.it. M-Sa 10:00-13:00, 14:00-18:00. (updated May 2016) 45.40260810.9066341 Aeroporto Valerio Catullo (VRN IATA) (12 km from the city). Also known as Verona Villafranca Airport. Mostly budget flights, including from Brussels (both National & Charleroi), Dublin, London (Gatwick & Stansted), Paris Beauvais, and Madrid, and domestic routes from Alghero, Palermo, Trapani, Brindisi and Rome. Free WiFI is available with registration, SID: @FreeLuna_CATULLO. (updated Mar 2017) Connections to the city: Aerobus (Line 199). From the airport: 05:35, 06:30, then every 20 minutes until 20:30, and every 40 minutes until 23:10. From the station: 05:15, 06:10, then every 20 minutes until 20:10, and every 40 minutes until 22:50. This bus service connects the airport with Verona Porta Nuova railway station. Tickets can be bought directly from the bus driver. €6. (updated May 2016) If you have a rental car the trip to Verona isn't difficult: take the A4 towards Padova (Padua) and follow all the way to Verona (approx 7 km). Venice Marco Polo (VCE IATA) is further but has far more flights. From there take the shuttle bus to Mestre railway station (25 min), then the train to Verona (1 hour) – see Venice: Get in by air page for shuttle bus details. Also within a couple of hours of Verona are Venice Treviso and Bergamo airports. These have no obvious advantage. 45.428910.9823692 Stazione di Verona Porta Nuova. The main railway station in the city. You can reach Verona Porta Nuova station by train from Milan: 1 hr 22 min by EuroCity train (EC) (€18.00); 1 hr 50 min by Regionale Veloce (RV) (€9.05). From Venice, it's 1 hr 10 min by EuroCity (EC) (€19.00); 1 hr 22 min by RegionaleVeloce (RV) (€6.25); 2 hr 10 min by Regionale (R) (€6.25). From Bologna, it's 49 min by TAV (€22); 1 hr 28 min by RegionaleVeloce (RV) (€7.55). From Munich, it's 5 hr 30 min by EuroCity. (updated May 2016) Some local trains (regionali) also stop at another station in Verona, 45.43577411.0186973 Stazione di Verona Porta Vescovo. 45.42992410.9836924 APTV stazione. Buses to destinations in the province. Ticket office is in the railway station building. There are automated tickets machines at the platforms. (updated May 2016) Map of Verona The Cartolari-Nichesola Chapel in the Duomo, featuring the Assumption by Titian City bus schedules are difficult to obtain on-line and also not available on maps.google.com. The 11, 12 or 13 bus on weekdays will get you from the train station (Stazione Porta Nuova) to the Arena (Piazza Bra). Sunday and holiday schedules differ with a separate numbering system. You can obtain bus schedules sending SMS to a number printed on bus stop. Some of them have an indication of the time left for next bus to arrive. You can pay the fare using euro directly on the bus, but only for one ticket, while you can easily buy tickets at a lower fare nearly everywhere there is a cigarette or lotto shop. ATV shops are in the railway station and in Piazza Renato Simoni, near the railway station. Verona was a Roman city, and many Roman ruins have been preserved, notably the Arena. The ancient city was badly wrecked by the earthquake of 1117 AD, which led to a flurry of re-building. Therefore, most of the historical sights on view today date from the past 800 years, while the Roman city lies 6 metres below you. Verona showcases the transition of Western European art from late medieval to early renaissance styles, with its rich offering of 12th-century churches and art museums. Verona's military importance has also left city fortifications and an excellent castle. Look out for architectural details related to the Scaligeri (or della Scala) family, who ruled the city from the 12th to 14th century, e.g. their family emblem is a ladder, scala in Italian. Top sights are the Arena, Castelvecchio, the churches of St Zeno and of Sant'Anastasia, and the cathedral. Much of the pleasure of Verona comes from simply strolling the medieval centre, especially in the evening when the day-trippers have departed. The Arena hosts performances by the world's top singers, and when these are on the whole city, not just the Arena, will be booked solid. 45.43888910.9944441 Arena. Open daily from 08:30 to 19:00, but closes early if there's a performance that evening. An enormous, spectacular Roman amphitheatre, crumbling on the outside but still in use today. It was erected in the 1st century AD in an elliptical shape, and is the world's third-largest amphitheatre to survive from antiquity. The outer wall fell down during the earthquake of 1117, except for a small section locally called the "Ala" or wing, and enterprising citizens used the rubble to build houses on the back of the structure. What you see today is the masonry supporting the tiered interior. Catch an opera here if you possibly can, but you'll need to book months ahead. There's another smaller amphitheatre across the river, see below. €10 regular, €8 for students. (updated Oct 2019) 45.439410.987522 Castelvecchio (Museo Civico di Castelvecchio). M 13:30-19:30, Tu-Su 08:30-19:30, last entry at 18:45. A 14th-century, red brick, fortified castle on the banks of the river Adige. The main castle buildings house the city art museum which is packed with a rich collection of medieval sculpture and Renaissance paintings. As well as the museum, the extensive castle ramparts are great for exploring - ideal for families with children who enjoy running around castle fortifications. The Castelvecchio has an adjoining bridge over the river which is open all the time - walk over the bridge for some fantastic views of the castle on the river. Castelvecchio hosts the Circolo Ufficiali, which is reserved to people who joined the army as officers. Sometimes hosts musical events or art exhibitions. Free to explore the grounds, €6 (€4.50 for seniors) to visit the museum and climb on the ramparts (cash only). 45.44305610.9972223 Piazza delle Erbe. Home of the Forum in Roman times, this is still a focal point of the city. Contains the 'Britney Verona' fountain, 14th-century 'Gardello Tower', and a market that, while picturesque, seems to have become another tourist cliche during its refurbishment. 45.4429510.997754 Lamberti Tower (Torre Lambert). M-F 10:00-18:00, Sa Su holidays 11:00-19:00. completed in 1463, this is the tallest of Verona's towers. The distinctive clock tower looms over the Piazza delle Erbe, and you enter via the palace courtyard. 238 steps to the top, or take the lift, for great views. Ticket also includes admission to the Modern Art Gallery - but this is closed Monday and price is reduced. €5 adult. (updated Mar 2017) 45.4419310.993585 Porta Borsari. The remains of a Roman gate, dates to at least the 2nd century AD, but is almost certainly older. 45.4472510.997086 Verona Cathedral (Duomo). It was built to replace an 8th-century church which was destroyed in the earthquake of 1117. Consecrated in 1187, the church features an ornate marble Romanesque façade by the Veronese architect Nicolò; its pillars are supported by two griffins. Stone reliefs around the door include Biblical scenes. The smaller side door is also worth a look - medieval carvings include Jonah being swallowed by a whale. Inside, the nave has many Gothic alterations, and oil paintings around the side chapels include an Assumption by Titian. The Romanesque baptistery adjoining the chapel of Sant'Elena is preserved, with its exquisite marble font and collection of medieval paintings. Free entry to the cathedral, €3 for the archaeological exhibition. (updated Oct 2019) San Zeno Maggiore 45.442510.9791677 Basilica of St Zeno (San Zeno Maggiore). A 10-minute walk NE of Castellvecchio. The church is dedicated to Verona's patron saint, Zeno, a 4th-century North African and a keen fisherman who was ordained Bishop of Verona in 363. Zeno's tomb lies in a shrine in the church undercroft, and he is also commemorated in a grinning medieval statue in full episcopal robes, dangling a golden fish on the end of a fishing rod. The entrance to the church is graced with an ornate Romanesque façade by Nicolò; like the cathedral, this church was erected after the earthquake of 1117. The church was a centre of European pilgrimage for centuries; pilgrims were greeted by huge 10-metre frescoes of St Peter, patron saint of pilgrims. Visitors across the centuries have left their mark - pilgrims happily inscribed graffiti in the frescoes, and signatures dating from 1390 survive to this day. There is also graffiti left by the invading Austrians in 1865. 45.44526610.9999548 Chiesa di Sant'Anastasia. Richly decorated in 13th-15th century Gothic style. Note especially the Pelligrini Chapel, with the Pisanello depiction of St George setting off to fight the dragon. €3. (updated Oct 2019) 45.44513810.9992569 Chiesa di San Giorgietto (San Pietro Martire). A tiny chapel immediately next to Sant'Anastasia. Easily overlooked, this church is richly decorated with early Renaissance frescoes depicting the walled garden of the Virgin Mary. 45.44126910.9912110 Chiesa di San Lorenzo. (updated Apr 2016) 45.43919910.99997511 Chiesa di San Fermo Maggiore. (updated Apr 2016) Juliet's House and Balcony 45.442021210.998557612 Casa di Giulietta (Juliet's House), via Cappello 23 (just off the Piazza delle Erbe.), ☏ +39 045 8034303. M 13:30-19:30, Tu-Su 08:30-19:30. Presented as the location of the famous balcony love scene from Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet, the house is a major destination for tourist pilgrimage, as the tiny courtyard is normally packed with love-struck teenagers photographing each other on the famous balcony. Shakespeare's characters were fictional, but the house used to belong to the Capello family (Shakespeare's Capulets). Although the house is old, the balcony was added in 1936 and declared to be "Juliet's house" to attract tourists. You can visit the house, which contains a sparse collection of Renaissance frescos rescued from other demolished palaces, and the bed from Zeffirelli's 1968 movie, but not a lot more. The balcony overlooks a tiny courtyard containing a statue of Juliet. There is an unbelievable amount of graffiti and general scrawling on the walls, floor, seats, anything that will hold ink - there is a tradition of writing love messages to Juliet, and visitors leave notes, trinkets and bits of chewing gum fashioned into love hearts. Juliet's house is a popular romantic shrine, but its popularity belies its value; compared to some of the treasures around Verona, Juliet's house has very little to offer. €6. (updated Oct 2019) 45.44370410.99935313 Casa di Romeo, Via Arche Scaligere, 4. So, if Juliet lived there, what about Romeo? A couple of streets away another house has been designated as his home. It is private, so other than a sign on the wall there is nothing much to see. (updated Oct 2019) 45.4336410.9975814 Juliet's Tomb (at the Capuccin Church). The church also houses the Antonian Fresco Museum. A little further out across the river, find the Castel San Pietro, the Giusti gardens, and the other amphitheatre. The walk along the riverside is usually enjoyable, but in 2016/17, the pavement between the Roman Bridge and the Garibaldi Bridge was under reconstruction, with no end in sight. 45.4479811.002715 Castel San Pietro (St Peter's Castle) (across the Ponte Pietra (Peter Bridge); climb the steps up the hill above the Roman Amphitheatre to the Castell San Pietro, or take the funicular (€1 each way)). Closed for restoration as of Oct 2019. This former Austrian barracks dates back to the Austrian occupation of the left bank, and while the building is not open to the public, the views from the hill over Verona are spectacular. Nice sunset views. (updated Oct 2019) 45.443032411.006396616 Giardino Giusti. One of Italy's most important Renaissance/mannerist gardens, with grottoes, fire-breathing masks carved into the hillside, etc. 45.4474311.0014217 Roman amphitheatre (Teatro Romano) (across the river on the hill, in the north-east of the city.). €1. 45.57510.81861118 Fort Wohlgemuth & World War I Museum, Via Traversa Castello, 6; Rivoli Veronese (34 km west and north of Verona), ☏ +39 045 7281166, ✉ info@museowalterrama.it. The fort was built between 1850 and 1851 on the Mount Castle (227 m), north-west of Rivoli. The fort hosts a museum on World War I and on vintage radios. Adult €5, children under 12 free. (updated Aug 2018) Interior of the Romanesque Santa Maria Antica, built in 1185 Lamberti tower. Climb to the top of it or take the lift. Great views over Verona. Take the Bus 41 for having a breathtaking view from S. Maria di Lourdes Sanctuary, placed on the edge of Verona's highest hill. Wander around Carega block (just ask for 'Carega', close to the Duomo), near Garibaldi Bridge, and experience traditional wine bar and cosy restaurants. Take a short walk to Castel San Pietro or take the funicular (€1 each way, Oct 2019) for a great lookout on the town center. Hire a tourist guide for a guided sightseeing tour or a wine tour in Valpolicella or Soave. Visit the Christmas markets during your winter holidays. Portoni della Bra' 45.44125410.9959841 Via Mazzini. Verona's golden mile of shopping, taking you between Piazza Bra and Piazza delle Erbe. Most of the major Italian labels are represented, and even if you can't afford them it is great to wander and window shop. 45.4426810.994742 Corso Porta Borsari. is another elegant shopping street in Verona, eg Lo Scrittoio, an old-fashioned shop selling papery and elegant pens and pencils. (updated Sep 2017) 45.4438110.997593 Corso Santa Anastasia. This street is the centre of the antiques shops' zone. Narrow streets where you can find authentic masterpieces. 45.4381810.989164 Eurospar, Via Daniele Manin (From Castlevecchio walk into Via Roma, then turn right). A large two-storey supermarket with normal prices where you can find everything for your picnic. Scaliger Tombs (Arche scaligere): Tomb of Cansignorio in the foreground, the Santa Maria Antica church and the tomb of Cangrande I della Scala, and on the right, the tomb of Mastino II 45.4385810.993561 Piazza Bra bars. Eat gelato there. The Veronese are keen eaters of horse-meat (cavallo), a local speciality. Pastisada de caval, is a dish of braised horse meat, as is Picula de Caval. Pizza is not traditionally eaten locally, but pasta dishes feature widely on restaurant menus. Try Pizzocheri (buckwheat pasta with cheese and sage), casoncelli (a type of ravioli) or bigoli (thick spaghetti). Casoela is a pork casserole, and a bollito misto is a mixture of boiled meats, usually served with mostarda, a traditional accompaniment of fruit and vegetables in mustard. 45.44610.998032 Al' Duomo, Via Duomo 7, ☏ +39 045 800 4505. Excellent family-run restaurant, just next to the Cathedral (as its name suggests). It's popular with the local Veronese (a good sign) and with a menu full of traditional local specialities. You'll find this is a good place to blend in with the local scene, and has welcoming staff who will help you with unfamiliar items on the menu. On Wednesdays, Al' Duomo plays host to a local mandolin ensemble, so if you're on a traditional music tour, put this on your list. As it's a popular place, booking is advised. Menus are not overpriced, about €15-20 a head (plus wine). 45.4443510.999873 Osteria Al Carroarmato (Armoured Car (Leonardo's, not Mussolini's)), Vicolo Gatto 2A, ☏ +39 045 803 0175. A charmingly atmospheric and good value restaurant/wine bar in the 'ancient canteen' style with shared tables and paper place mats. Food is authentically Veronan but unpretentious. There is an enormous, equally good value wine list, which can however rise to meet all budgets. 45.437978110.99123634 Signorvino, Corso Porto Nuova 2 (Just one block south of Piazze Bra.), ☏ +39 045 800 9031. Restaurant and wine shop. Good food and great wines at very reasonable prices (wine at the table cost the same as in the shop). You eat either inside between wine racks or outside at one of 5 small tables. The menu consists of dishes from different regions of Italy. €12 mains. You pay the same price for wine in the restaurant as in the store. 45.43884910.9917845 [dead link] Brek, Piazza Brà, 20. Quite popular among the tourists. At the places inside there is a buffet-style service. At the places outside – more traditional a la carte. (updated Apr 2016) 45.4413210.993336 Farcito, via Oberdan 18/a, ☏ +39 045 457 8454. 11:00-00:00. A good place for sandwiches in Verona, in a friendly, laid-back setting. All sandwich options come as baked potato dishes as well, with a very good vegetarian option. Plates are priced at €6-8 and are well-worth the price. (updated Sep 2018) Palazzo Maffei and Piazza delle Erbe Avoid the hordes of tourists in Piazza Bra and head to Piazza delle Erbe. At least slightly more genuine, this Piazza has a number of good bars where you can sit and enjoy a coffee or aperitivo in the sun. Great for your coffee in the morning and your drinks into the evening. Caffè delle Erbe, Piazza delle Erbe. Great coffee and brioche Rain, Via Stella 13A. A wine bar and jazz club in the heart of Verona owned by brothers Giuseppe and Riccardo Zambelli Rain. Giuseppe is fluent in English. Ask for him if you have any questions about the area. Scala della Ragione, Palazzo del Comune (completed in 1447) Verona is frequented annually by millions of tourists, so you'll be able to choose among a lot of different accommodation options, all a lot cheaper than nearby Venice. However it is essential to have booked hotel accommodation on days when the annual arena opera performances are taking place. Turn up on spec or late and it is possible to find every bed in the city taken. Budget[edit] There are three youth hostels in Verona, all within walking distance of the town centre and a short bus ride from the main train station (Porta Nuova). A tourist map, available from the station's tourist information centre, will point you to their locations. The northeasternmost hostel of the trio, near Piazza Isolo (regular buses from Porta Nuova) has a stunning converted Renaissance complex complete with porticoes, verandas and a huge forested garden, dorm beds for only €15 per person, with a passable breakfast included. Also consider several small bed and breakfasts in the immediate province, after all a car rental for €30/day and a substantial saving on the nightly fee is an acceptable turnaround. Especially if you need the car to visit the surroundings. There is also a campsite: Campeggio Castel San Pietro, Via Castel San Pietro, 2, ☏ +39 045592037, ✉ info@campingcastelsanpietro.com. Spectacular views over the city and about 15 minutes walk from the centre. Peaceful, luxuriant vegetation. Also cabins and tents-for-rent offered. (updated May 2015) Agriturismo Sommavalle, Via Sommavalle 9/a, ☏ +39 346 140 4242, fax: +39 045-835-0502, ✉ info@sommavalle.it. In the Torricelle suburb north of Verona, 4 km from the historical centre; it occupies a sunny and panoramic area on the southern side of a hill about 300m above sea level. It can be easily reached by car or with the urban bus service. Reaching the train station (Verona Porta Nuova) will take about 20 minutes by car. rooms around €70. Mid-range[edit] Frescoes depicting St. Peter of Verona on the ceiling of the nave of the Basilica Santa Anastasia 45.4463810.999131 Apple Suite B&B, Via Santa Felicita 9, ☏ +39 3403499558, ✉ applesuite@gmail.com. Full apartment, gentle host, in the heart of city centre. Rates from €80 depending on length of the stay. Ca Vendramin apartment, Via Dietro Filippini 2. In the quiet Filippini area, next the Arena (at five minutes walking). Rates from €40 per person. B&B Mambrotta (Agriturismo Verona Mambrotta), via Case Nove 3, ☏ +39 329-2322572, fax: +39 045-8820029, ✉ info@bbmambrotta.com. 14 km from the center of Verona, and 2 minutes from autostrada A4 Verona Est exit, in a quiet and wonderful environment of Venetian plain, in Mambrotta village. It's 20 minutes by car to Opera of Arena of Verona and to Soave town, it's 18 minutes by car to Verona fair show and exhibitions. 45.433543210.98949552 Grand Hotel Verona, Corso Porta Nuova 105, ☏ +39 045 595600, fax: +39 045 596385. An elegant aristocratic building decorated with paintings and sculptures of some of best Italian artist of the 20th century, for this luxury four-star hotel of Verona. From the Grand Hotel one can easily reach by walk the famous Arena and the other monuments of the historic centre of Verona. 45.43025211.0582623 Hotel Gardenia, Via Unità d’Italia 350, San Michele Extra, ☏ +39 45 972122, fax: +39 45 8920157, ✉ info@hotelristorantegardenia.it. High quality service with rooms from around €80. Hotel Italia Verona, Via Gofreddo Mameli, 58, ☏ +39 045 918088, fax: +39 045 8348028. Thanks to its large meeting room, restaurant and comfortable position close to the Central Train Station and the city centre of Verona, this excellent and economic three star hotel is one of the best accommodations for both business travellers and holiday makers coming to Verona, the romantic city of Romeo and Juliet. 45.39147411.11994294 Agriturismo Ca' del Ferro (15 Km from the heart of Verona). Rooms are very cosy and spacious and the owner is very helpful and friendly. You need to have a car though to reach it and move around. Single rooms at €45-€50 and double rooms from €75. They all have private beautiful coloured bathrooms. 45.4806811.056065 Agriturismo Delo Relais, Via del Torresin, Novaglie, 37141 Verona, ☏ +39 045 4858380, fax: +39 045 8301715, ✉ mail:info@agriturismodelo.it. A charming farmhouse a few kilometers away from Verona city center in the Veneto hills. The property features 4 standard rooms, 2 junior suites and 2 suite. €130-200. Splurge[edit] Hotel Gabbia d’Oro, Corso Porta Borsari 4a (just left of head of Pza Erbe), ☏ +39 045 590293. This is a lovely place, de luxe rooms in an 18th-century palazzo. (updated Mar 2017) The surrounding area around Verona offers access to some of Italy's most spectacular scenery - to the north you have rolling hills with vineyards and small towns, to the west the Lake Garda (Lago di Garda). Drive to the nearby valley Valpolicella, famous for its renowned Amarone, Recioto and valpolicella wines as well as for its ancient villas. Lake Garda can be easily reached from Verona for a day trip. Buses run by APTV (the regional bus company) leave from Porta Nuova - catch a 62-64 bus in the morning from the railway station or from Corso Porta Nuova (the boulevard just south of Piazza Bra). It takes about 2-3 hours, depending on lakeside traffic (which can be heavy), to reach pretty towns of Malcesine or Torbole. Get a timetable (orari) from the tourist office or from APTV transport website (Lake Garda is in Zone C). Tickets can be bought from the tobacco shop down the road or on the bus. Lake Garda has its own theme park, Gardaland, with accommodation. Other centres easily done as a day-trip by rail from Verona include Vicenza, Padova, Mantova and of course the big draw Venice. This city travel guide to Verona is a usable article. It has information on how to get there and on restaurants and hotels. An adventurous person could use this article, but please feel free to improve it by editing the page. Retrieved from "https://en.wikivoyage.org/w/index.php?title=Verona&oldid=3856078" Airport listing Articles with dead external links Verona (province) Usable cities This travel guide page was last edited at 11:19, on 3 October 2019 by Wikivoyage user Ground Zero. Based on work by Wikivoyage users Traveler100bot, Traveler100, FredTC, Ibaman, Balkanique and Wrh2Bot, Wikivoyage anonymous users 5.102.255.160, 62.253.69.130 and 37.173.58.3 and others.	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line1158
__label__cc	0.579439	0.420561	X-ray fluorescence \| Article about x-ray fluorescence by The Free Dictionary https://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/x-ray+fluorescence Also found in: Acronyms, Wikipedia. [′eks ‚rā flu̇′res·əns] (atomic physics) Emission by a substance of its characteristic x-ray line spectrum upon exposure to x-rays. Also known as x-ray emission. <a href="https://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/x-ray+fluorescence">x-ray fluorescence</a> Hevesy, Georg von particle detector Spectrochemical Analysis, X-Ray x-ray emission x-ray fluorescence analysis x-ray fluorescent emission spectrometer x-ray fluorimetry x-ray image spectrography The Global X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) market is expected to reach $8.2 billion by 2026 growing at a CAGR of 6.2% during 2018 to 2026. Global X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) Market Expected to Grow by 6.2% During the Forecast Period, 2018-2026 Due Drivers Such as Easy Sample Preparations A review of the reliability and validity of portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (pXRF) data. Conditions affecting oxide quantification in unknown tropical soils via handheld X-ray fluorescence spectrometer Perez, "X-ray fluorescence microtomography analyzing reference sample," Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research, vol. Monte Carlo Simulation for Polychromatic X-Ray Fluorescence Computed Tomography with Sheet-Beam Geometry The addition of X-ray fluorescence analytical instruments augments the company's existing portfolio of ultrasound, eddy current, and remote visual instruments that include flaw detectors, thickness gages, systems, videoscopes, scanners, probes, and related accessories. Olympus NDT (TYO:7733) Acquires Innov-X Systems, Inc The Fischerscope XDV-SD is an X-ray fluorescence spectrometer developed for challenges related to RoHS/WEEE analyses and as the assay determination of gold and other precious metals. X-ray flourescence analysis Natalie Rutledge, of ElementA, which invented the new portable X-Ray fluorescence unit to pinpoint contamination hotspots Picture: PHIL MICHEU New X-Ray invention helps map poison land Tokyo, Japan, Nov 30, 2005 - (JCN) - Shimadzu announced on November 29 that it has launched the EDX-720, an advanced energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometer. Shimadzu Releases High-throughput Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometer Austin AI LLC, an Austin, Texas, company that develops X-ray fluorescence instrumentation for various industries, has developed an X-ray instrument that can do field characterization of soil that until now required off-site laboratory analysis. Subsurface sampling X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis, one of the lesser-known testing methods for most plastics processors, is acquiring new value for compounders and processors of consumer packaging materials and electrical/electronic equipment sold to European Union (EU) countries. XRF analysis helps meet new EU plastics rules A brief introduction to the principles, analytical methodologies, uses, and advantages and limitations of scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry, energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry, inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrophotometry, and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry in forensic glass examination is presented. Elemental analysis of glass: Scientific Working Group for Materials Analysis (SWGMAT) Owners and contractors should look for firms that perform X-ray fluorescence testing to determine the presence of lead paint. Are you ready for new lead paint regulations? These include x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectrometry, cathodoluminescence, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. x-ray absorption x-ray absorption fine structure x-ray absorption near-edge structure X-ray astronomy x-ray background X-ray background radiation X-ray binary X-ray burst sources x-ray burster X-Ray Camera X-ray catalogs X-ray Clairvoyance x-ray cluster x-ray crystal spectrometer X-Ray Diffraction Analysis X-Ray Diffraction Analysis of Materials X-Ray Diffractometer X-Ray Equipment, Medical x-ray generator X-Ray Goniometer x-ray hardness x-ray holography x-ray irradiation x-ray laser x-ray lithography x-ray microdiffraction x-ray microprobe x-ray microscope X-Ray Microscopy x-ray monochromator x-ray nebulae X-ray nova x-ray optics x-ray powder diffractometer x-ray powder method X-ray powder methods X-Ray Event Analyzer X-Ray Excited Auger Electron Spectroscopy X-ray Excited Optical Luminescence X-ray exposure x-ray film probiotic x-ray film processing x-ray filter X-ray fish X-Ray Flash X-Ray Fluorescence Densitometry X-ray fluorescence holography X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy x-ray fog X-Ray Framing Camera X-ray Free Electron Laser X-Ray Galaxy X-ray image intensifier X-Ray Imaging Spectrometer X-Ray Induced Auger Emission Spectroscopy X-Ray Instrumentation Associates X-ray Intensity Meter X-Ray Interference Lithography X-Ray Interferometry	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line1159
__label__wiki	0.703348	0.703348	Divyavadana The Divyāvadāna or "Divine narratives" is a Sanskrit anthology of Buddhist tales, many originating in Mūlasarvāstivādin vinaya texts.[1] It may be dated to 2nd century CE. The stories themselves are therefore quite ancient[2] and may be among the first Buddhist texts ever committed to writing, but this particular collection of them is not attested prior to the seventeenth century.[3] Typically, the stories involve the Buddha explaining to a group of disciples how a particular individual, through actions in a previous life, came to have a particular karmic result in the present.[3] A predominant theme is the vast merit (puṇya) accrued from making offerings to enlightened beings or at stupas and other holy sites related to the Buddha.[3] 1.1 List of stories 1.2 Ashokavadana 1.3 Sahasodgata-avadāna 1.4 Rudrāyaṇa-avadāna 2 Selected English translations 3 Original Sanskrit List of stories The anthology contains 38 stories. The complete list is: Koṭikarṇa-avadāna Pūrṇa-avadāna Maitreya-avadāna Brāhmaṇadārikā-avadāna Stutibrāhmaṇa-avadāna Indrabrāhmaṇa-avadāna Nagarāvalambikā-avadāna Supriya-avadāna Meṇḍhakagṛhapativibhūti-pariccheda Meṇḍhaka-avadāna Aśokavarṇa-avadāna Prātihārya-sūtra (The miracles at Śrāvastī) Svāgata-avadāna Sūkarika-avadāna Cakravartivyākṛta-avadāna Śukapotaka-avadāna Māndhātā-avadāna Dharmaruci-avadāna Jyotiṣka-avadāna Kanakavarṇa-avadāna Sahasodgata-avadāna Candraprabhabodhisattvacaryā-avadāna Saṅgharakṣita-avadāna Nāgakumāra-avadāna Pāṃśupradāna-avadāna Kunāla-avadāna Vītaśoka-avadāna Aśoka-avadāna Sudhanakumāra-avadana Toyikāmaha-avadāna Rūpāvatī-avadāna Śārdūlakarṇa-avadāna Dānādhikaraṇa-mahāyānasūtra Cūḍāpakṣa-avadāna Mākandika-avadāna Rudrāyaṇa-avadāna Maitrakanyaka-avadāna Ashokavadana The collection includes the well-known Aśokāvadāna "Legend of Aśoka", which was translated into English by John Strong (Princeton, 1983). The collection has been known since the dawn of Buddhist studies in the West, when it was excerpted in Eugène Burnouf's history of Indian Buddhism (1844). The first Western edition of the Sanskrit text was published in 1886 by Edward Byles Cowell and R.A. Neil.[4] The Sanskrit text was again edited by P. L. Vaidya in 1959.[5] Sahasodgata-avadāna, in the opening paragraphs, describe the Buddha's instructions for creating the bhavacakra (wheel of life).[6] Rudrāyaṇa-avadāna explains how the Buddha gave the first illustration of the Bhavacakra to King Rudrayaṇa. According to this story, at the time of the Buddha, King Rudrayana (a.k.a. King Udayana) offered a gift of a jeweled robe to King Bimbisara of Magadha. King Bimbisara was concerned that he did not have anything of equivalent value to offer as a gift in return. Bimbisara went to the Buddha for advice, and the Buddha gave instructions to have the first drawing of the Bhavacakra made, and he told Bimbisara to send the drawing to Rudrayana. It is said that Rudrayana attained realization through studying this drawing.[7] Selected English translations Joel Tatelman Heavenly Exploits (Buddhist Biographies from the Dívyavadána), ISBN 978-0-8147-8288-0 New York University Press English translation of stories 1, 2, 30 and 36 with original Sanskrit text 2005 Andy Rotman Divine Stories, ISBN 9780861712953 Wisdom Publications English translation of the first seventeen stories 2008 Andy Rotman Divine Stories, Part 2 , ISBN 9781614294702 Wisdom Publications English translation of stories eighteen through thirty seven 2017 Original Sanskrit दिव्यावदानम्, http://www.dsbcproject.org/canon-text/book/364 Digital Sanskrit Buddhist Canon Sanskrit original in Devnāgri script 2007 ↑ "Fables in the Vinaya-Pitaka of the Sarvastivadin School" by Jean Przyluski, in The Indian Historical Quarterly, Vol.V, No.1, 1929.03 ↑ Winternitz, Moriz (1993). A History of Indian Literature: Buddhist literature and Jaina literature. Motilal Banarsidass Publishers. p. 273. ISBN 9788120802650. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Buswell, Jr., Robert; Lopez, Jr., Donald S. (2013). The Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism. Princeton University Press. p. 262. ISBN 9781400848058. ↑ Neil, Robert Alexander; Cowell, Edward B.: The Divyâvadâna: a collection of early Buddhist legends, now first edited from the Nepalese Sanskrit mss. in Cambridge and Paris; Cambridge: University Press 1886. ↑ Vaidya, P. L. (1959). Divyāvadāna, Darbhanga: The Mithila Institute of Post-Graduate Studies and Research in Sanskrit Learning (romanized) ↑ Bhikkhu Khantipalo (1995-2011). The Wheel of Birth and Death Access to Insight ↑ Dalai Lama (1992). The Meaning of Life, translated and edited by Jeffrey Hopkins. Wisdom, p. 45 The Divyâvadâna: a collection of early Buddhist legends by E. B. Cowell (English transliteration) Divyavadana (1959) by P. L. Vaidya (Sanskrit) This article includes content from Divyavadana on Wikipedia (view authors). License under CC BY-SA 3.0. Retrieved from "https://encyclopediaofbuddhism.org/index.php?title=Divyavadana&oldid=30321" Sanskrit texts Early Buddhist texts	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line1160
__label__cc	0.713157	0.286843	Rules on how to prevent double counting of emissions reductions by both the country selling and buying carbon credits is having impact on 2015 Paris climate agreement This entry was posted on October 25, 2019 by Rod Janssen, in climate change, climate policy and tagged climate change, climate policy. Bookmark the permalink. Leave a comment The low-carbon energy transition is complicated and setting the rules for countries to follow is not a simple task. Frank Jotzo, Director, at the Centre for Climate and Energy Policy, Crawford School of Public Policy, Australian National University; Lambert Schneider, Research coordinator for international climate policy, Öko-Institut; and Maosheng Duan, professor at Tsinghua University write on The Conversation website about the concerns of double counting and the efforts to stop it. Double counting of emissions cuts may undermine Paris climate deal In the four years since the Paris climate agreement was adopted, countries have debated the fine print of how emissions reduction should be tracked and reported. One critical detail is proving particularly hard to work out – and a weak result would threaten the environmental integrity of the entire deal. The sticking point is rules for carbon markets: specifically, how to prevent double counting of emissions reductions by both the country selling and buying carbon credits. These rules are proving a major barrier to reaching consensus. In December, the negotiations move to Chile for this year’s major climate talks, known as COP25. The double counting issue needs to be resolved. It will not be an easy job, and the outcome matters to many countries, including Australia. The Morrison government says Australia will meet the Paris emissions targets by 2030 without international trading – partly by counting old carbon credits towards its Paris efforts. But in future Australia may adopt a stronger target in line with global climate goals. This may entail government and businesses buying carbon credits from overseas. In an article just published in the journal Science, we and our co-authors* explain why double counting could undermine the Paris goals, and how a robust outcome could be achieved. What’s the problem here? International carbon trading allows two or more countries to achieve their emissions targets more cheaply than if going it alone. Countries where cutting emissions is relatively cheap do more than is required by their targets. They then sell the additional emissions reductions, in the form of credits, to countries that find it harder to achieve their targets. Carbon credits could be produced through activity such as replacing fossil fuels with zero-emissions energy, greater energy efficiency and electrification in transport and buildings, new technologies in industry and better practices in agriculture and forestry. Rules for carbon trading are defined under Article 6 of the Paris agreement. Trading under the deal could be big: almost half the parties to the agreement have signalled they want to use carbon markets. Airlines might also become major buyers of emissions credits, under rules requiring them to offset increases in carbon emissions from international flights above 2020 levels. The cost savings from using carbon markets could make it easier for countries to adopt more ambitious targets – ultimately resulting in greater emissions reductions. But if trading rules are not watertight then the use of carbon markets could lead to greater emissions, undermining the agreement. One fundamental risk is double counting: a country selling a carbon credit might claim the underlying emissions reduction for itself, while at the same time the country buying the credit also claims the same emissions reduction. Obviously any international transfer of emission reductions should not lead to higher total emissions than if participating countries had met their targets individually. This could be ensured through a form of double-entry bookkeeping, wherein the country selling carbon credits adjusts its emissions upwards, and the country acquiring the carbon credits adjusts, by the same amount, downwards. But the devil lies in the detail – and in the self interest of the parties involved. Countries are wrangling over what double counting is, how it should be avoided and whether it should sometimes be allowed. Some countries hoping to sell emissions credits, notably Brazil, propose rules under which emissions reductions sold to another country could effectively also be claimed by the selling country. Such rules existed under the Kyoto Protocol, which came before the Paris agreement. However under Kyoto developing countries did not have emission targets. All major countries have emissions targets under Paris, making the method unsuitable now. Another potential pitfall lies in the potential purchase by international airlines of large amounts of credits to offset increases in their emissions. Aviation emissions are not counted in national emissions inventories. So it would be logical to adjust the selling country’s inventory for any emissions reduction sold to airlines. But some countries, notably Saudi Arabia, argue that this should not be done because the airline industry is governed by a separate international treaty. This approach would allow emissions reductions to be included in both agreements and counted twice. In a separate point of debate some countries – including Australia, Canada, Japan, and the United States – oppose the idea of a single international body overseeing carbon trading under the Paris agreement, arguing for more national sovereignty and flexibility between nations buying and selling. Making things even more complex, the Paris agreement allows each country to determine how to frame their emissions target. Some countries frame them as absolute emissions, others as a reduction relative to business-as-usual, or as a ratio of emissions to gross domestic product. Some countries’ targets are simply unclear. Letting each country determine its own ambitions and approach was key in making the Paris agreement a reality. But it makes accounting for carbon markets more complex. There are also questions over whether a portion of carbon trading revenue should be allocated to help pay for climate change resilience in developing countries, and whether old credits from a trading scheme under the Kyoto Protocol, the Clean Development Mechanism, should be tradable in the new scheme. The way forward in Chile The solutions to all these issues will be nuanced, but will require that governments agree on some fundamentals. The first is that a single set of common international accounting rules should apply, irrespective of which carbon market mechanism is used by countries or groups of countries. The second is to ensure robust emissions accounting, regardless of how mitigation targets are expressed. The third is that over time, all countries should move toward economy-wide emissions targets, as the Paris Agreement foresees. The need to reach a political deal in Chile must not result in loopholes for international carbon markets. The rules must ensure environmental integrity and avoid double counting. If this is achieved, emissions reductions can be made more cheaply and global ambition can be more readily raised. If not, then the accord could be seriously undermined. The article in the journal Science “Double counting and the Paris Agreement rulebook” is authored by Lambert Schneider, Maosheng Duan, Robert Stavins, Kelley Kizzier, Derik Broekhoff, Frank Jotzo, Harald Winkler, Michael Lazarus, Andrew Howard, Christina Hood. See here for the full manuscript. « New analysis from the European Environment Agency on air quality Canadian youth taking government to court over its role in climate change »	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line1162
__label__cc	0.749438	0.250562	By Emilie Richards \| January 9, 2020 \| 0 Congratulations to Shanna H., new winner of a copy of Let There Be Suspects . Remember this giveaway? We announced it on December 17 and readers were asked to choose which holiday took second place in my newsletter’s Twelve Books of Christmas giveaway earlier in the month. (No surprise, but the first choice was Christmas.)… What Twelve Books of Christmas Giveaway? Those of you who subscribe to my “almost monthly” newsletter know that yesterday was the final day to submit an entry for the Twelve Books of Christmas Giveaway. Random.org selected winners today and now the books on on their way to the post office via Proman. All winners have… By Emilie Richards \| September 4, 2018 \| 2 I’m probably channeling Willie Nelson because last week, I saw a short clip from the new Ken Burns documentary on country music. The clip was all about Kris Kristofferson, but Willie was in it, too. Be sure you “tune” in when the series airs on your local PBS station. The date’s not yet announced, but… A Taste of New Orleans for One Lucky Reader By Emilie Richards \| August 23, 2018 \| 1 I knew, knew, knew there was something I needed to tell you. But I nearly forgot. To thank all my readers for their interest and support for my New Orleans Nights series, I’ve created a giveaway. A Taste of New Orleans. What could be better? One lucky reader will receive a basket from The Basketry… Christmas Gifts: The Christmas Wedding Quilt plus A Booklover’s Carol T’is that time of year, time for my annual Booklover’s Carol. Some traditions are worth keeping. Think about that crumpled tin star that still goes at the top of your Christmas tree? The holiday recipe your mother always made oozing sugar, shortening and artificial flavors? Uncle Grover dressing up as Santa Claus in a moth… The Twelve Gifts of Christmas Giveaway Just Christmas? My title may say Christmas, but last night was the first night of Hanukkah, so a very happy Hanukkah to all my readers who celebrate this festival of lights. Kwanzaa, which begins on December 26th is on its way, and the Winter Solstice, marking the calendar day with the longest night of the… Win Dragonslayer and Forty-Plus Other Novels By Emilie Richards \| March 8, 2017 \| 1 Today, I have an exciting giveaway I’d like to share with you. Did you spot my novel Dragonslayer way down in the left hand bottom corner? I’ve teamed up with more than 45 romantic women’s fiction authors to give away a huge collection of novels to 2 lucky winners, PLUS a Kindle Fire to the Grand Prize… Audible Giveaway Winner By Emilie Richards \| November 21, 2016 \| 0 Congratulations to Terri Chlapek who won two “listens” from Audible. The Audible giveaway was announced here on the 9th in my post about the new audiobook of When We Were Sisters. It ran through the 16th. As always random.org chose the winner from all entries that followed the rules. Terri, enjoy your new books! Book Giveaways. What’s the Point? “But you’re too generous,” a reader says in an email about my latest book giveaways. “Why give away what readers should buy?” To understand my fascination with book giveaways let me show you just one of my closets. There’s another in my study that’s worse. Then there’s a tall queen bed with boxes of books… The Christmas Wedding Quilt Giveaway Winners My Christmas blog will appear on Friday, but today, as promised, I’m announcing the randomly drawn names of the ten winners of copies of The Christmas Wedding Quilt. The question? What is the most special gift you’re giving this holiday? The answers were wonderful, both in the emails to enter the giveaway and in comments on the giveaway…	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line1169
__label__wiki	0.965468	0.965468	Eugene Weekly : News : 12.20.07 City Hall Design Project cost grows while popularity shrinks BY ALAN PITTMAN With a new Eugene City Hall shrinking in popularity despite more than $2 million spent on design and PR work, Mayor Kitty Piercy says she’s glad the big building won’t be up for a vote anytime soon. Open (click) the aerial view in a new window to view notes on the proposed City Hall. “Holding off for a while on the City Hall makes good sense,” Piercy said of the council’s recent decision to delay a City Hall vote until at least 2010. “We have some work to do.” City architects have fleshed out the design of the new building and its price tag, which is now up to $188 million. While the cost continues to escalate, public support for the new city offices is dropping. Only 41 percent support a property tax increase for a $155 million City Hall, according to a November city survey. That’s down from 43 percent support in a May survey. The survey consultant said 60 percent support was needed in such an early tax measure poll for a good chance of success. The survey found such low support for a new City Hall despite a survey question pushing voters with positive arguments for the building. The survey of 401 likely voters was conducted Nov. 14-18 and had a margin of error of 5 percent. The city’s Portland architecture team from Thomas Hacker, Inc. unveiled a flat-roofed, glass and steel design up to six stories with a large atrium, exterior louvers, a water feature and small entry plaza. The building could include green building features such as active and passive solar elements, green roofs, rainwater recovery and ample bike parking. A less green 200-car garage would be built on one level under the building. Several councilors said the design should do more to reflect Eugene. “I prefer a much more Northwest feel,” with wood instead of “steel and glass,” Councilor Bonny Bettman said. With more wood and peaked roofs, Councilor Alan Zelenka said, “you would say that’s a Northwest building as opposed to something built in Kansas.” Councilors preferred an embedded council chamber rather than a proposed cylindrical structure on the plaza that some compared to a lumber mill “wigwam burner.” Landscape consultant Doug Macy said the city could avoid planting “precious” large trees around the building to avoid “people tying themselves to trees in protest to expanding the building.” No mention was made of preserving any of the large trees now growing around and through the current City Hall. Bettman said the staff and council majority’s decision to move most police officers out of City Hall to a $25 million suburban-style building near 2nd and Chambers will hurt voter support. She pointed out a separate police headquarters has already failed three times at the polls. The new suburban design will be even more controversial, according to Bettman. “It’s a sprawl model” that “flies in the face of all our growth management principals,” Bettman said. The suburban building with big surface lots is “contrary to sustainability in every way” and will “cancel out any benefit we get” from building a green City Hall downtown, she said. City executive Jim Carlson suggested recently that the city could avoid another vote on the police building by dedicating all of its large existing facility reserve to the police rather than to a City Hall downtown. Councilor Zelenka said he favored moving police out of downtown to save having to build a parking garage. But he said, “I’m not really interested in building a new patrol facility without a new City Hall.” Despite its suburban location, the police building would actually cost more per square foot than the City Hall downtown, consultants estimate. The police building comes in at $742 per square foot compared to $629 per square foot for the City Hall building. By comparison, a 1,200 sq. ft. home built at the same square-foot-cost as the police building would cost $890,000 to build. With escalating costs and dropping support, some councilors are looking for other options. Councilors Betty Taylor and Bettman and Mayor Piercy suggested a re-examination of building City Hall in the Sears pit across from the library now that a development proposal for the site has fallen through. City staff suggested a smaller, $154 million City Hall design. But that could include the city spending $7 million to renovate part of the adjacent Federal Building and then paying rent. With a new City Hall growing more distant, Councilor Taylor said the city should fix up the dirty, chipping paint and rip off the useless, jail-like bars on the existing facility. “My choice is this building.”	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line1174
__label__cc	0.54446	0.45554	Elliot Morgan with friend Hollis Shostrom, who is a person with cerebral palsy Outdoors for All The Misguided Project seeks to get more disabled people out into the wilderness Outdoors by Ryan NguyenPosted on 05/09/2019 Doug James loves to go hiking. His favorite part? “The dogs,” James says, pointing to Havoc, a two-year-old boxer/pit bull mix that belongs to one of the hikers accompanying James on his hike up Skinner Butte. James is a person with Down syndrome, a chromosomal disorder that happens when cells don’t divide properly, creating an extra 21st chromosome. For people like James with disabilities, it’s sometimes much more challenging to take part in outdoor activities such as fishing, backpacking and horseback riding. Hiking trails considered easy for an able-bodied person could be much more difficult for someone with a physical disability. Not having enough time to prepare and travel also contributes, and the actual site itself can be a challenge if areas aren’t properly maintained. As such, about 86 percent of people with disabilities cited their physical health as a barrier to going outdoors, according to a 2004 paper from the Journal of Park and Recreation Administration. For abled people, this rate drops to about 26 percent. A Eugene nonprofit is hoping to change that. “I think people with disabilities benefit way more immediately than we do” from nature, says Adam Storrs, director of The Misguided Project. The Misguided Project seeks to help physically, emotionally and intellectually disabled people get out into the wilderness. It grew out of Storrs’ for-profit business, Misguided Outfitters, which works with customers to create custom wilderness expeditions. Misguided Outfitters has done 17 trips so far, Storrs says. And research suggests that outdoor recreation can benefit those with and without disabilities. According to a paper in the 2006 International Journal of Wilderness, which surveyed both abled and alter-abled people, 98.4 percent of respondents who went on trips to the wilderness reported that they could better develop personal relationships with others. About 70 percent reported that they had grown as a person afterward. “One of the things that drove me to want to pursue this need is because I get out there for my own benefit,” says Storrs, who has post-traumatic stress disorder. “Reaching the veterans community is also one of the things we want to do. It’s in our purpose that we recognize disabilities to be emotional, mental and physical.” During the hike up the butte, James joked with Elliot Morgan, a co-founder of both Misguided Outfitters and The Misguided Project. James nicknamed Morgan — a tall, mustached man — “Sasquatch.” “Mental illness is one of those things that I think the woods has the best effect on,” says Morgan, who spent his childhood exploring the woods behind his backyard. “Being in the woods isn’t going to fix your broken hands, but it can definitely help your emotional and your mental stability.” The Misguided Project chooses residents to take on expense-free trips based on nominations from community members. James is the first nominee and was nominated by his boss at Tim’s Trims Barbershop. “The stresses that people with disabilities go through day-to-day really get relieved the moment they know that they’re going somewhere like that,” Storrs says. Part of the reason why there are so few outdoor programs for people with disabilities is because the need isn’t as widely known. Historically, outdoor recreational services have offered few to no options for people with disabilities. In the 1980s, the National Park Service created the Special Programs and Populations Branch to promote access to the outdoors, which was bolstered by the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA). The term “misguided” comes from clients’ need to have a top-notch guide while still being free to explore, Storrs says. “They want to feel very safe,” Storrs says. “But the ‘misguided’ term is kind of like: ‘Hey, relax.’” James, Storrs, Morgan and two volunteers from the nonprofit hiked Skinner Butte as a stepping stone toward scaling Spencer Butte. “I’d do it again now,” James said after finishing the hike up Skinner Butte. Find out more at Misguided Outfitters, misguidedoutfitters.com. Tags: hiking / Outdoors Way in the Woods: Embracing Winter Snowshoeing is a great way to explore winter landscapes Outdoors 2 days ago Photo by Chandra LeGue I don’t particularly like winter. Growing up in Michigan, I remember waiting for the bus at the end of my rural driveway, shivering after trudging through … Continue reading → It’s About Time – January 2020 About Time 2 weeks ago Arion Rufus , Show Ready Everything is quiet inside our home as the new year begins. We enjoy watching birds coming to the feeders outside the window, the reward for … Continue reading → Nature is a Gift Way in the Woods: Hiking Larison Creek Outdoors 3 weeks ago In this dark time of year — daylight hours averaging right about nine hours in December and January — I look to nature for light … Continue reading →	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line1175
__label__wiki	0.55744	0.55744	Home News & Update English Kumarakom: The First Plastic-Free Tourism Destination In The Country Kumarakom, the picturesque village nestled in the backwater landscape of Kottayam, is all set to become the first plastic-free tourism destination in the State. On the back of a grassroots initiative to clean up the Vembanad Lake and its banks, the destination has committed to go plastic-free starting January 1, 2020. The project, piloted by the Responsible Tourism Mission under the Clean Kerala initiative, aims at uniting various stakeholders of the tourism industry, including local residents, against single-use plastics of all types. To begin with, stakeholders in the village’s tourism sector such as the staff of various resorts and operators of houseboats and shikara boats are being imparted training in effective waste management and disposal. Further, waste collection units are being established at the houseboat terminals at Kavanattinkara, Cheepungal, and Kaippuzhamuttu, besides the boarding points for smaller boats. The plastic from these units will be collected with the help of Haritha Karma Sena members, which will be handed over to a recycling unit at the Ettumanur industrial area. K. Roopesh Kumar, coordinator, RT Mission, said the high-end properties had already avoided single-use plastics and the boat operators had sought some more time. “The plastic waste left behind by the tourism industry invariably enters Vembanad Lake and washes up on its shores. More than a blight, it also poses a threat to the existence of this ecologically sensitive waterbody,” he said. Earlier last month, the RT Mission in association with the houseboat operators at Pallathuruthy in Alappuzha put in place a common waste management committee for all the 178 houseboats there. Buoyed by its success, the authorities are now set to replicate the model at Kumarakom, where about 120 houseboats are operating. As per estimates, around 500 kg of plastic waste enters Vembanad Lake through the tourism industry on a daily basis. This is in addition to the plastic waste brought by various rivers that end up in the brackish water system. Earlier this year, the authorities removed 55 truckloads of plastic waste from the lake bed during the Clean Vembanadu initiative. Last month, the Aymanam panchayat and the RT Mission carried out a one-week drive to clear plastic waste from Cheepungal, where a red water lily festival is currently underway. Innovation In The OOH Space By A Unit Of Madison World The First Extreme Food Show Of India: Eat Like a Girl	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line1176
__label__cc	0.711645	0.288355	Maxime Livio Disqualified from WEG, Canada Now Qualified for Rio ← Through the Viewfinder: Rolex 1st Horse Inspection Photo Gallery Rolex Dressage Day One Morning Open Thread: Michael Jung Takes The Lead → By Jenni Autry on Apr 23, 2015 7:00 am - 6,400 views Maxime Livio and Qalao de Mers at WEG. Photo by Jenni Autry. The FEI announced today that the tribunal has disqualified both Maxime Livio and the entire French team from the 2014 World Equestrian Games, which moves Canada up to sixth place in the team standings to automatically qualify them for the 2016 Olympic Games in Rio de Janeiro. Samples taken from Maxime’s horse, Qalao de Mers, tested positive for hydroxyethylpromazine sulfoxide, a metabolite of the acepromazine, following his dressage test in Normandy on Aug. 29, 2014; the horse went on to place fifth individually, boosting the French team to fourth. Acepromazine is a controlled substance under the FEI’s Equine Anti-Doping and Controlled Medication Regulations; under these rules, any use of a controlled substance during competition results in disqualification for the competitor. While the FEI Tribunal can rule to spare the rest of the team in a doping scenario, that didn’t happen in France’s case. Due to the major implications this case had for Canada’s Olympic qualification, the FEI tribunal issued a partial ruling on the disqualifications, and any sanctions Maxime may receive as a result of the rule violation will be determined at a later date. You can read the FEI tribunal’s partial decision at this link. The following countries are now qualified to compete in eventing at Rio: Germany, Great Britain, the Netherlands, Australia, Ireland and Canada. Brazil receives an automatic ticket as the host nation. This is big news for our Canadian friends, who now are going to Rio regardless of what happens at this summer’s Pan American Games in Toronto. While Canada will certainly be bringing their A-game on home turf, this opens the door for Team USA to take gold in a much more palatable scenario, which would in turn qualify them for Rio. Canadians Jessica Phoenix, Selena O’Hanlon, Cody Sturgess and Rachel McDonough are all competing here this weekend at the Rolex Kentucky Three-Day Event. If you see them smiling a little bigger than usual today as they come down centerline, you’ll know why. FEI Tribunal Disqualifies Maxime Livio and French Eventing Team Categories Eventing Nation Eventing News Top Stories Tags Maxime Livio Qalao de Mers Rio WEG	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line1177
__label__cc	0.606224	0.393776	everythingnoir Movies, Television, Books….Everything Noir HomeBritish Noir British Noir Review: The Long Memory February 11, 2016 bryancyr British Noir, film-noir, Movie Elizabeth Sellars, Eva Bergh, Film Noir, Howard Clewes, John McCallum, John Mills, Robert Hamer, The Long Memory The Long Memory is a British classic film noir from 1953. The film is directed by Robert Hamer based on a book by Howard Clewes. The main plot of this film is nothing new, Phillip Davidson, played by John Mills is falsely accused of murder and sent to prison for 12 years. When he gets out he seeks justice on those that framed him. The added spice to this plot comes from its smaller characters. Fay, played by Elizabeth Sellars, is Davidson’s girlfriend at the time of the murder. Davidson and Fay go to a ship to meet Fay’s Father. The Father is smuggling people out to sea for a small price. Boyd, played by John Chandos is the brains behind this scheme. When Boyd and the newest person needing smuggled get in a fight on the boot, Boyd kills the man. Davidson tries to stop Boyd, but in the scuffle the boat catches on fire. Fay and her Father get off the boat, along with one of Boyd’s thugs. Davidson is rescued, but when the body is found he is accused of murdering Boyd, though the body belongs to the man needing smuggled. Fay decides to testify against her boyfriend to protect her father. During the 12 years Davidson is in prison, Fay marries a police officer, Bob Lowther played by John McCallum. This sets up many questions to be answered, Will Lowther do anything to protect his wife or will he do what is right? Will Davidson get his revenge on Fay? Did Boyd survive the fire on the boat? Along the way Davidson helps Ilse, played by Eva Bergh. Ilse has had a horible life, loosing her parents at 12 and forced to work at a criminal’s hangout as the barmaid where she sufferers even more at the hands of evil men. Ilse has little to do with the main plot, but adds a bit more grit to this tale and is played wonderfully by Bergh. She was one of the high points for me in this film. Ilse isn’t the mirror image of Fay in this like we see so often in film noir. Fay isn’t exactly an evil femme fatale and Ilse isn’t the good girl from the right side of the tracks either. This film is worth watching and has its charm, it is a pretty decent and fun classic film noir to watch. Though it does have some originality and is well filmed it is by no means an all time great film noir, but does deserve to find more of an audience among noir fans. Article: 10 Great European Neo-Noir Films January 22, 2016 January 22, 2016 bryancyr article, Best of Lists, British Noir, french noir, German Noir, Movie, Neo-Noir, Nordic Noir European Neo Noir, Jessica Kiang Jessica Kiang over at Indiewire has put together a nice little list of European neo noir films. I will be adding a few of these to my queue for sure. Is there any European neo noir films that should have been mentioned that were not? Here is a link to the full list and article: http://blogs.indiewire.com/theplaylist/10-great-european-neo-noir-films-20160121?page=1 Review: Luther Season 4 December 29, 2015 bryancyr British Noir, Neo-Noir, Television Darren Boyd, Idris Elba, Luther, Neil Cross, Rose Leslie Luther Season 4 has just debuted on BBC recently and has had its highest ratings yet, here in the United States. Season 4 is much shorter then the past seasons, as it is only 2 episodes long, or more accurately one, 2 hour film. This Season we see Luther(Idris Elba) in a bit of a different place then we have before. He is living in the county, in a small home, by himself. He is still on the edge of suicide and though he is not in the city fighting crime he still seems battered. He soon gets a visit from two detectives, Theo played by Darren Boyd and Emma played by Rose Leslie. They report to Luther that Alice has been killed, and they must question Luther and search his home. This is of course a shock to both us as an audience and Luther. We really see in this opening that Luther is truly all alone now. Everybody close to him is gone in one way or another. Luther is on leave from the police force and he is not in his usual suit and tie. He soon jumps right into investigating what happened to Alice, not as a detective, but as his broken self. As the two new detectives we meet earlier, are on a case of a serial killer, Luther takes a tour of the London underworld looking for clues in Alice’s murder. I don’t want to give anything away, but we soon see Luther put on his suit and tie, like it is his superhero outfit or his battle armor and re-joins the force. Neil Cross has written another amazing story with some twists and turns we do not see coming. I was disappointed that Alice is dead, or is she? We do get some new characters that will challenge Luther and some that will support him. Idris Elba has recently stated about Luther”It’s unfinished business, it’s fertile ground,” and. “The character continues to challenge me.” With Elba’s rising star in film, I would say the biggest hurdle for more Luther is Elba’s other projects, but with these statements, he seems open to playing Luther again. Lets hope we get to see Luther again soon. For more inside information to Season 4 of Luther and what the future may hold for the series, check out Mandi Bierly interview with Neil Cross here: https://www.yahoo.com/tv/luther-special-postmortem-neil-cross-044729299.html Review: Re-watching Luther Season 3 December 28, 2015 bryancyr British Noir, Neo-Noir, Television David O'Hara, Idris Elba, Luther, Nikki Amuka-Bird, Ruth Wilson, Sienna Guillory, Warren Brown Luther Season 3 finds Luther(Idris Elba) in a deeper hole then ever. He starts out having to take on two cases at the same time. One is a fetish killing that seems linked to some murders that took place 30 years ago. The second seems a simple open and shut case of an internet troll who has been killed. To make things worse Erin Gray(Nikki Amuka-Bird) has been promoted to I.A. and is gunning for Luther. She partners with George Stark, played by David O’Hara. They recruit Ripley(Warren Brown) to help them. Luther also finds a new love in Mary Day, played by Sienna Guillory. Luther takes on his hardest case in the last two episodes, when a vigilante who has lost his wife to a convicted rapists, butts heads with Luther on what is right and what is wrong. Neil Cross does another amazing job taking us on this journey with Luther. Season 3 follows the formula of Season 2 where we only get 4 episodes and each case takes two episodes to close. Luther has a lot to overcome in this season, on both a personal level as well as a professional one. As always nobody is safe and oh yeah…Alice is back! Each season of Luther gets a little darker then the last and this one tops season 2 in that way. There are many scenes of horror and fright that will keep you on the edge of your seat. So…now what? Come back tomorrow to take a look at season 4. Here is a link to a look at Season 2: https://everythingnoir.com/2015/12/28/review-re-watching-luther-season-2/ December 28, 2015 December 28, 2015 bryancyr British Noir, Neo-Noir, Television Aimee-Ffion Edwards, Dermot Crowley, Idris Elba, Kierston Wareing, Michael Smiley, Neil Cross, Nikki Amuka-Bird, Ruth Wilson, Warren Brown Neil Cross does it again, with season 2 of Luther. This season is even darker then the first and explores the underworld of London. With the finale leaving us in ah and wondering “now what?” We find Luther( Idris Elba) is still in his position as a detective. Ripley(Warren Brown) has been demoted for his actions in season 1. Martin Schenk(Dermot Crowley)has taken over the department. The big question was where was Alice Morgan(Ruth Wilson) going to end up after season 1? Well we find Alice in an mental hospital after a short prison stint and a suicide attempt. For season 2 Benny Silver( Michael Smiley) has joined Luther’s team on a permanent basis. By the book Detective Erin Grey( Nikki Amuka-Bird) has also joined the team, but does not trust Luther, due to the rumors surrounding him as a dirty cop. Caroline Jones played by Kierston Wareing shows up looking for Luther’s help. Luther captured her husband years ago, when her husband accidentally killed a prostitute and she has been leaning on Luther ever since. The husband committed suicide in prison and Caroline still blames Luther. Caroline wants help finding her daughter, how is going to shot a disturbing pornographic film soon. Luther knows he shouldn’t get involved, but eventually does. He brings Caroline’s daughter Jenny, played by Aimee-Ffion Edwards, to a safe house. This sets off a chain of events that drags Luther deeper into trouble. Season 2 is only 4 episodes long with the first two episodes covering a case of a man fascinated with the Spring Heel Jack from English Folklore and the last 2 episodes cover a psychotic who is inspired by role playing games to cause panic and destruction on the city. Luther has had enough of being a detective and wants out, he just needs to finish up a few things before he leaves. This of course doesn’t work out for him as he cleans one thing off the books, something else comes up he must take care of. The shooting of season 2 is even more in the neo noir spirit then the first season. We still get mostly shades of grey with splashes of red and a few other colors now and then. The shooting of reflections on glass or through glass are prevalent once again. If you liked season 1, you are going to love season 2! Look for a review of Season 3 tomorrow. Here is yesterday’s look at season 1: December 27, 2015 bryancyr British Noir, Neo-Noir, Television Idris Elba, Indira Varma, Luther, Neil Cross, Ruth Wilson, Warren Brown Luther is a television series from BBC about a brilliant, but very troubled police detective. This series is written by novelist Neil Cross. Cross wanted to write an original character that was different from what we normally see. He says most crime/mystery characters fall into one of two types of characters. There is the who done it detective that is out to show how smart they are by solving the puzzle, best exemplified by Sherlock Homes. The second type is the gritty, strong characters best exemplified by Phillip Marlowe(the side of the crime drama we love here at Everything Noir). Cross made Luther a cross of the best of these two types of crime fiction and told the stories of Luther in the fashion of Columbo. So to make something totally original Cross made Luther a stew of some of the best detectives in literature, film and television. Neil Cross’ writing is half of the successful formula for Luther. The other half is the acting of Idris Elba as Luther. Luther as a character is very complex. He is willing to bend the rules to stop the evil in his city. He has mental issues caused by the stresses of his job and the evil he has seen. He is a genius detective with a mind that thinks outside the box compared to other detectives. This genius doesn’t alienate him from others, like it does with characters like Sherlock Homes, he can use this to get information out of witnesses and suspects. Season 1 starts out with Luther chasing a man through a factory. When he finds the man hanging by his finger tips from a cat walk. Luther lets this man fall, to what seems to be the man’s death. This also lands Luther in a mental hospital and the man that fell in a coma in the hospital. Months later Luther is out of the hospital and back on the job, cleared of any wrong doing. We find Luther has been separated from his wife, Zoe, played by Indira Varma, during this time. Luther finds he now has a new partner, Ripley, played by Warren Brown and is sent on a new case. The case looks like a break-in where two people and a dog are shot dead. The daughter of the dead couple found them and called the police. Luther suspects the daughter Alice Morgan, played by Ruth Wilson as the murderer. Alice Morgan is a genius as well, who has gone to college at 13. Luther knows she has committed the murders, but also knows she is to smart to ever be caught. Alice is a bit of a Hannibal Lecter character and is a friend and a foe to Luther through out season 1. Season 1 is 6 episodes long, but has more story then most series twice or four times as long. Luther tackles a handful of cases, some come to a conclusion in one episode, some take longer or linger through out the season. Luther also has to face his personal issues with his wife and with others on the police force through out the series as well. Luther is also filmed in a very interesting way. The show is mostly filmed in shades of grey with some small splashes of reds and other colors. The show also uses interesting locations that give it a certain feel. Luther is some of the best television in the last five years and well worth watching. Noir fans will thoroughly enjoy this series. Look tomorrow for my look at Season 2. Book Review: Luther: The Calling by Neil Cross December 26, 2015 December 26, 2015 bryancyr Book, British Noir, Noir Crime Fiction, Luther, Neil Cross, Noir Luther: The Calling is the first book in the Luther series, it is also the only one so far. It is written by Neil Cross, who is also the writer and creator of the television series Luther. This book is a prequel of the first season of Luther. So if you are wondering who that man who falls from the cat walk and is put into a coma is, or who belongs to all those names Luther is yelling at him before he falls, like Emma and Adrian? This is the book for you. We also get some background on many of the other characters, like Luther’s wife Zoe, and Ian Reed. This is a great read for fans of the T.V. series and adds a lot of knowledge to where the characters are coming from. This being a prequel to the first season, I can see this being a pattern for Cross. I would love to get a prequel to season 2 and learn about Caroline Jones and the case in which Luther arrests her husband and he commits suicide. The third season finds Luther and Ripley coming out of a garage with suspects cuffed and an explosion in the background, but we never find out what it was all about, this may make for another good book. Maybe the most interesting book would be a prequel to the latest season, season 4, where we find Luther on leave and living in the country, but there was definitely something happening between Luther and Alice between Season 3 and 4. It looks like we will soon be getting a second book in this series and I look forward to reading it and learning more about this complex character. We’ve heard ramblings about a Luther movie coming some day, and it sounds like that movie maybe based on this book. A Luther movie would be great. In fact, I will be lining up for anything Luther at this point, more books, more television, or a film, sign me up! There are rumblings of a possible American version of this great series and though Cross and Idris Elba would be involved, Elba would not star. I think half of what makes Luther great is Elba and I don’t know if I want a watered down version of Luther with somebody else playing the lead. This sounds like a bad idea. I will be sticking with the original Luther and patiently wait for more material. I will be looking at each season of the television series, starting tomorrow. So come back for even more Luther then! BNoirDetour Christa Faust's blog hardboiled wonderland Journeys in Darkness and Light Just A Guy That Likes To Read Kemper's Book Blog Little Street Noir Nerd of Noir Noirish Noirsville Paul D. Brazill Woody Haut's Blog Review: Mojave Article: Noir Is Protest Literature: That’s Why It’s Having a Renaissance Review: Across 110th Street A Closer Look at Ann Sheridan and Lizabeth Scott: Detectives and Dames: A Flicker Alley Noir Blog-a-Thon! Review: The Bird with the Crystal Plumage spaceythompson.blogspot.c… noirsville.blogspot.com	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line1181
__label__wiki	0.684622	0.684622	More than two decades have passed since Sarah Connor prevented Judgment Day, changed the future, and re-wrote the fate of the human race. Dani Ramos is living a simple life… Pokémon: Mewtwo Strikes Back Evolution After a scientific experiment leads to the creation of Mewtwo, he sets out to destroy the world. Satoshi and his friends then decide to thwart Mewtwo’s evil plans. Genre: Action, Adventure, Animation, Family, Fantasy Kill Mode It is the year 2027, eight years after the first outbreak of The Sickness, a highly contagious, adaptive and lethal virus. The world is now run by a pharmaceutical corporation… Call of Heroes During the warlords era in China, a village located in rural area called Pucheng fell into dangerous situation when its government allocated all its military force to the front line,… One Piece: Stampede is a stand-alone film that celebrates the anime’s 20th Anniversary and takes place outside the canon of the “One Piece” TV series. Monkey D. Luffy and his… After he reunites with an old pal through Facebook, a mild-mannered accountant is lured into the world of international espionage. Genre: Action, Comedy, Mystery Escalating climate change is turning the world economy upside down. With crops dying and food price spiking, FOOD has replaced oil as the world’s most valuable commodity. Among the very… Country: Indonesia, USA Super-assassin John Wick returns with a $14 million price tag on his head and an army of bounty-hunting killers on his trail. After killing a member of the shadowy international… John Wick is forced out of retirement by a former associate looking to seize control of a shadowy international assassins’ guild. Bound by a blood oath to aid him, Wick… Country: Hong Kong, USA Ex-hitman John Wick comes out of retirement to track down the gangsters that took everything from him. Undercover Punch and Gun An undercover cop is forced to team up with a group of unlikely allies to take down a drug smuggling ring. After faking his death, a tech billionaire recruits a team of international operatives for a bold and bloody mission to take down a brutal dictator. In Lincoln City, some inhabitants have extraordinary abilities. Most live below the poverty line, under the close surveillance of a heavily militarized police force. Connor, a construction worker with powers,… Genre: Action, Crime, Drama, Science Fiction, Thriller Maze Runner: The Death Cure (2018) Thomas leads his group of escaped Gladers on their final and most dangerous mission yet. To save their friends, they must break into the legendary Last City, a WCKD-controlled labyrinth… On the run in the year 1987, Bumblebee finds refuge in a junkyard in a small Californian beach town. Charlie, on the cusp of turning 18 and trying to find… Nonton Streaming Movies Download Film Free Subtitle Indonesia Gratis Sinopsis Rambo: Last Blood (2019) cinema film barat baru yang seru Ini bercerita Hampir empat dekade setelah mengambil darah pertamanya, Sylvester… Battle of Surabaya Musa, who is only a thirteen-year-old shoe shiner, undergoes destiny through his adventure of waging war during the war time. Will he manage to bring peace among the troops who… Genre: Action, Adventure, Animation, Drama, War The story sees Courtney as Cal, a by-the-book police officer who makes ends meet as a Marine Corps reservist along with his rowdy and inseparable group of childhood friends. When… Buried by treacherous conditions at the top of Mt. Baekdu, a policeman must brave the extreme weather until his transfer comes through. When a group of thieves stumbles into the… Genre: Action, Adventure, Crime, Drama Peter Parker and his friends go on a summer trip to Europe. However, they will hardly be able to rest – Peter will have to agree to help Nick Fury… Crayon Shin-chan: Honeymoon Hurricane ~The Lost Hiroshi~ Nonton Film Crayon Shin-chan: Honeymoon Hurricane – The Lost Hiroshi (2019) Download Subtitle Indonesia Streaming Online Gratis Sinopsis: Hiroshi dan Misae belum pernah melakukan perjalanan bulan madu keluar negeri. Pada… Genre: Action, Adventure, Animation, Family A prisoner on parole, who’s on his way to meet his daughter, is enlisted by an injured police officer to protect a few cops. With the entire lot of gangsters… Khalid, is entrusted with the task of eliminating Kabir, a former soldier turned rogue, as he engages in an epic battle with his mentor who had taught him everything. “Crown Vic” takes us on one memorable night in the life of veteran patrol officer Ray Mandel and his trainee, ambitious rookie cop Nick Holland in the LAPD’s Olympic Division…. Genre: Action, Crime, Drama, Mystery, Thriller Hacker (2019) 13-year-old Benjamin discovers that his mother didn’t die in an accident as he was led to believe. The trail leads to high-ranking officials in the Danish Secret Service. “Trust no… Naa Peru Surya – Naa Illu India Despite having serious anger management issues, Surya, an Indian Army officer is a brilliant officer but when anger takes control of him he is impossible to subdue. In spite of… A cop finds himself in a race against time to find a kidnap victim whose abductor he accidentally killed. Aaron Eckhart stars as Frank Penny, a disgraced cop looking for… Boboiboy Movie 2 This time around BoBoiBoy goes up against a powerful ancient being called Retak’ka, who is after BoBoiBoy’s elemental powers. He and his friends will have to stop their mysterious new… Genre: Action, Animation, Comedy City Hunter: Shinjuku Private Eyes New City Hunter film set in present day Shinjuku. Genre: Action, Animation, Comedy, Crime Henry Brogen, an aging assassin tries to get out of the business but finds himself in the ultimate battle: fighting his own clone who is 25 years younger than him… Battle of Jangsari Nonton Streaming Movies Download Film Free Subtitle Indonesia Gratis Sinopsis Battle of Jangsari (2019) cinema film box office asia drakorea yang seru Ini menceritakan Satuan pasukan gerilya yang dipimpin oleh… After the events in the previous film, Secret Service agent Mike Banning finds himself framed for an assassination attempt on the President. Pursued by his own agency and the FBI,… Danger Close: The Battle of Long Tan For three and a half hours, in the pouring rain, amid the mud and shattered trees of a rubber plantation called Long Tan, Major Harry Smith and his dispersed company… Undercover Brother 2 Sixteen years ago, Undercover Brother and his younger brother were hot on the heels of the leader of a racist, worldwide syndicate, but accidentally got caught in an avalanche of… Transit 17 The movie is set in the future, 2026, Europe is no longer the same and separated from the rest of the world after a deadly virus spreads.	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line1189
__label__wiki	0.867415	0.867415	47.1K General Charlton 190 Charlton International 671 Charlton Life Announcements 475 Charlton Life Articles & Podcasts 3.6K Fun, Jokes & Captions 914 Match Day Travel 13.5K Not Sports Related 12K Other Football and Sports 616 Rumours 714 Troubleshooting Attention: Please take a moment to consider our terms and conditions before posting. Andy Hughes: "I'll carry on playing" plus views on Cousins, Powell and Riga June 2014 in General Charlton By Richard Cawley ANDY Hughes is ready to listen to offers after revealing his hunger to embark on a 19th season in senior football. The straight-talking Mancunian was released by Charlton at the end of last season but does not want to hang up his boots yet - even though he is firmly on the path to being ready for life in the technical area. Hughes, 36, has already done a degree in sports science and has completed his UEFA B license - he starts his A version along with Jason Euell and Michael Morrison this summer. Despite a lack of game time in his final season at Charlton, who he joined in 2011 from Scunthorpe, he remained a hugely influential and popular figure. His departure has led to glowing tributes from the likes of Ben Hamer and Player of the Year Diego Poyet. Hughes said: “I haven’t made as many starts as I wanted but I’ve been supporting the young players, trying to give them advice when I’ve been on the bench. “It’s something I really enjoy. But even with the senior players you sometimes need to tell them when they are doing well or not doing well. It’s just being around. “If anyone wants to come for any advice then I’m there. I’ll be looking to do the same again if a club wants me. “I feel I’ve got another season in me. I’m fresh and ready for another challenge. “It’s never nice leaving a place and I’ve had three wonderful years with super players and fans. Hopefully I did my bit to leave the club in a better position than when I joined it. This is football - you move on. Hopefully one day I’ll be welcomed back - whether that is playing against Charlton or back as a coach. “As you get older you realise your role at a club changes. My role was a player and I did want to play - but when I didn’t then I didn’t sulk. I supported the players doing the job at that time.” Young bucks Jordan Cousins and Poyet ensured that Hughes did not get a serious look-in - even after Dale Stephens was sold to Brighton. “They have got great futures,” said Hughes. “I told them: ‘Make sure you keep me out of the team - it is not about me now. I’ll do whatever I can to help you off the pitch’. You only get one go on this planet and need to make the most of it. “Let’s not kid ourselves, Diego won Player of the Year but Jordan made 47 appearance in his first full season. That’s an incredible achievement. “He got moved around and at times he wasn’t happy about that. I told him not to worry if he was playing on the right, left or behind the front - and to learn those roles so that when he plays in central midfield he understands what players want him to do to help make them better. He has got on with it and stayed in the side for the whole season. “Diego came in and the way the team has played has suited him - he went from strength to strength. All this in a pretty turbulent season where we lost the manager and were bottom of the league. “We were grinding it out with no money and that will stand lads like that in good stead. The same applies to Morgan Fox, who made his debut in an FA Cup quarter-final at Sheffield United. Then he plays in a big game against Watford at home when Rhoys Wiggins was injured. “These young lads have got to stick together and the club has got to build now for the future.” For the second season in a row the Addicks were involved in a scrap for survival - again pulling clear. This time it was closer as they only secured safety in their penultimate match. Hughes doesn’t mince his words when assessing the campaign. He said: “Chris Powell got no money and we sold our two best players - Yann Kermorgant and Dale - we had nothing to work with. “Players arrived on loan and they had to buy into the English way and they did. We ended up where we deserved to be. “It was tough but we got out in the end and I always knew we would do. It was tough losing Chris when we had no budget. “Things were all up in the air. After the takeover there were rumours about Chris Powell and his job. That doesn’t help on the field. “People might say we are footballers and you get on with your job, but it doesn’t help. It’s not nice - Chris left the club in a miles better position than he took over and should be given a hell of a lot of credit. He was the one who started bringing the youngsters through. “Jose Riga came in and had his touch on it. He took it on and he did his job. It was wonderful working with both of them. “It was the same squad for two seasons and to stay in the Championship is a phenomenal achievement. Huge, absolutely huge. Just look at the money that someone like Huddersfield spent. “If you go down it can take three or four years to come back. I know Wolves bounced straight back but Sheffield United have not. “It was the right time for the manager [Powell] to leave with no investment. What he did at Charlton is incredible. When you are a legend it is tough to come back and be successful - he did that. “He is a top, top human being. One day I’d love to cross his path again and work with him. “I want to manage but you have got to coach first and make your mistakes with sessions - too long, too short - but if a managerial job came up then you don’t turn the opportunity down if it is there. “It would be great to work under a top manager at U21 or U18 level, learn off them for four or five years and then have a chance to manage. “I’ve done my degree in sports science, so I know the scientific side.” Another great piece from him. Shame he's no longer part of things but reckon he'll be back one day, via Leeds probably. Simonsen Andy Hughes understands football doesn't he? He was a clever signing although many of us may not have thought so at the time. Dave2l Morrison already doing his A license?! red_murph Superb. The more I hear from him the more I like. MrLargo Simonsen said: Yep, dead right. The 28 games he played for us are insignificant in many ways, it's his influence on his teammates in training and on matchday that makes him a great loss. That quote about telling Poyet and Cousins to make sure they kept him out of the team - selfless, what a hero. charltonaddickedmatt Morrison is keen:P Maybe with all the up in the air crack he might fancy ago at being a manager for us in 3 months time;) Great piece by AH too. MuttleyCAFC A great influence and maybe we will see him back with us in a coaching capacity sooner rather than later. MuttleyCAFC said: Not unless he changes his name to Andy Van Der Hughsen. paulie8290 Morrison and Hughes Joint Managers the new Curbishley and Gritt Dazzler21 Henry Irving said: DRAddick can't believe a word he says. He's just bitter 'cause he wasn't offered a contract. killerandflash Morrison is doing his A badges already? He must be one of the youngest people on the course, still playing at a decent level. So Hughes has a sports science degree, I always knew he was the intellectual in the dressing room :-) killerandflash said: Pritchard too. Matt Taylor is a graduate also. Kap10 Dazzler21 said: 1st season back in the championship we struggled much of the season and at 2-0 down to Bolton at home we were all predicting relegation, the come back was pivotal, even though we finished 9th, it was touch and go until near the end and I reckon Hughes has called it right. top lad. miss him already sirjohnhumphrey Brilliant article and paints him in such a good light. As highlighted before, telling someone that their job is to keep you out of the team is a selfless and pretty unique thing to do. This is the sort of player Powell bought in. Not necessarily the greatest footballer, but someone who saw the bigger picture and recognised the need for a positive and supportive ethos, which in turn created a happy squad despite the off field shenanigans. I hope he gets what he wants next year and that he is involved with us in some way in the future. Dannoo_86 Hopefully a future Charlton manager, would happily welcome him back. Sales pitch covering all angles, on that note I'm sure dh will work in coaching C_Jensens_Love_Child Didn't know until last night Hughes is coaching at the Nigels. Has it been mentioned before? What role? Didn't know that either. Disappointing. The Red Robin said: Only noticed it on Twitter. first team coach since leaving Rotherham half way through the season. I was told he's not getting paid. Leeds_Addick What?! That's shocking! Do you know why, whats the deal? Interesting. Thank you. Leeds_Addick said: He was out of work and Super Al offered him some unpaid work. I think that they were players together at Reading. A current player who was here when Hughes was told me he wasn't being paid. seth plum 'Working for nothing'!!!??? Roland pricks up his ears. Really surprising. Would have thought he could have got work at a Championship club at least. Maybe having 'PL experience' is worth working for nothing though Roland Out!	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0002.json.gz/line1196

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