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Home » Family Health » Soccer Star Sydney Leroux Dwyer Talks Managing a Sports Career and Motherhood: 'I Can Do Both'
Soccer Star Sydney Leroux Dwyer Talks Managing a Sports Career and Motherhood: 'I Can Do Both'
mediabest December 3, 2019 athletesBabies PhotosKidsNewsParentingSoccer
Sydney Leroux Dwyer is a different kind of soccer mom.
An Olympic gold medalist among other prestigious titles, the professional soccer star, 29, has seamlessly transitioned back to her sport after having two children: daughter Roux James, whom she welcomed on June 28, and 3-year-old son Cassius.
Now touted as a “postpartum hero” on the January 2020 cover of Parents, for which she poses cradling her infant, Leroux Dwyer opens up about parenting alongside her fellow soccer player husband Dom Dwyer, and why becoming a mom didn’t mean an end to her career goals.
” ‘How do you do it?’ is the question I get all the time. You just do,” Leroux Dwyer tells the magazine. “There are days when I’m like, ‘I don’t know how much longer I can do this.’ And then I think, ‘This is absolutely what I was meant to do. I was meant for soccer and motherhood, and I can do both.’ “
She and Dwyer, who tied the knot in 2015, serve as a soccer power couple in Orlando, Florida, where the two play on the respective men’s and women’s teams for the city. Since the two squads share a stadium, it means one of them is always home to look after the kids when the other is on the road for an away game.
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For the near future, however, baby Roux sticks with Leroux Dwyer so that the newly minted mom of two can nurse the infant. Luckily, Leroux Dwyer refers to her teammates as “18 babysitters” who lend a helping hand — except when it comes time for bed, of course.
“It would be pretty good birth control if a teammate were in there with us to experience the lack of sleep,” she jokes to Parents of sharing a hotel room with a fellow player while on the road. “Everyone wants to hold a baby until nighttime comes!”
Leroux Dwyer says she grew closer to her teammates during some of the darker moments that led up to the arrival of Roux. (The athlete revealed her pregnancy just one month after announcing that she suffered a miscarriage.)
“I had to let my teammates know because I was out for a little while,” the athlete says. “They were amazing, and it made us close.”
When they welcomed their second child over the summer, the proud parents raved about the baby on social media. “Roux James 💕 our sweet girl came into the world kicking and screaming (just like her parents) at 3:42 am. Welcome to the world baby girl,” Leroux Dwyer wrote on Twitter at the time.
“This is my chance, to share my world with you … and I know you’re gonna like it,” Dwyer, 29, tweeted with an adorable image of Cassius meeting his little sister for the first time.
Following the birth, Leroux Dwyer sought the okay from her doctors to return to the soccer field, and soon began training five weeks postpartum. On Sept. 29, she returned, playing her first game back 93 days after welcoming Roux.
“I made a promise to myself that I had to keep,” Leroux Dwyer tells Parents. “It was such a beautiful moment. It was special to be back on the field with the people who went through everything with me, including my husband and kids.”
She adds, “Women in sports want to be seen as athletes and moms and entrepreneurs and all the amazing things that we can be — that’s important.”
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History provides perspective but can also bring distortion as a Pulitzer-Prize journalist now decides that John F. Kennedy “probably was the worst American president of the previous century.”
After studying the period, the respected Thomas E. Ricks concludes:
“In retrospect, he spent his 35 months in the White House stumbling from crisis to fiasco. He came into office and okayed the Bay of Pigs invasion. Then he went to a Vienna summit conference and got his clock cleaned by Khrushchev. That led to, among other things, the Cuban missile crisis and a whiff of nuclear apocalypse.
“Looming over it all is the American descent into Vietnam. The assassination of Vietnam's President Diem on Kennedy's watch may have been one of the two biggest mistakes of the war there. (The other was the decision to wage a war of attrition on the unexamined assumption that Hanoi would buckle under the pain.) I don't buy the theory promulgated by Robert McNamara and others that Kennedy would have kept U.S. troops out.”
For a journalist who saw JFK up close, this reads more like a prosecutor’s indictment than a historical judgment, much like blaming Barack Obama for everything he inherited from George W. Bush.
Kennedy did approve with misgivings the Bay of Pigs which was imminent when he took office, refused to escalate with air cover as the military pressed him to do and, when the operation failed, nevertheless took full responsibility (“Defeat is an orphan”), learning lessons that served him well in the Cuban Missile Crisis.
The “whiff of nuclear apocalypse” was dispelled by his deft handling of that confrontation and led to concluding a nuclear test-ban treaty with the Soviet Union.
In Vietnam, JFK made mistakes in underestimating the unpopularity and corruption of the regime we were backing (Afghanistan, anyone?), but we had only a few thousand advisers there when he was killed. If he had lived, he undoubtedly “would have kept U.S. troops out.”
Ricks is entitled to his historical reading, and those of us who lived through that period may have our judgment warped by being exposed to Kennedy’s qualities of mind and heart.
In one of his last interviews, he told me, “Too many people want to blow up the world.” Far from “stumbling from crisis to fiasco,” he was doing everything humanly possible to avoid just that.
I agree with you, Robert. He was a flawed but courageous man with heart. I believe he and Kruschev saved us from nuclear destruction during Cuban Missle crisis. I was too young at the time to really appreciate what was going on or realize how much danger we were in.
Lance Mannion said...
Ricks' thing struck me as very weird and coming out of nowhere. I can see a case being made that JFK wasn't one of the greats or even one of the very best. But the worst? It's as if Ricks never heard of either the Cold War or the Civil Rights movement and thinks the Cuban Missile Crisis and the segregationist reaction sprung out of nowhere. Also if Kennedy's to get the blame for LBJ's esclation of the war, he should get the credit for LBJ's passing of the Civil Rights Act.
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App Trade Centre
Home Apps The best software to manage your music collection on Windows
The best software to manage your music collection on Windows
In the early 2000s, we witnessed the expansion of digital music. The MP3 file format has notably changed the way this culture is consumed, allowing the storage of a large amount of information on the same medium. At that time, Windows Media Player and Winamp software were often the most widely used. Today, users are turning more to streaming services. These services do not spend any storage space and offer intelligent playback modes that adapt to your preferences. What’s more, they automatically suggest new features that may appeal to you.
Software for organizing your music library may be useful to you. You may have kept a personal collection of digital music for offline access. Or perhaps, you have a few nuggets not found on streaming services. Here is a selection of our favorite media players to manage your digital albums.
MusicBee – the most customizable music player
MusicBee is a free and independent audio player released in 2008 and updated regularly. When initializing, it is necessary to specify the music storage directory, which it scans. Its automatic tag function and pocket manager allow you to reorganize a disordered music library efficiently.
MusicBee’s interface is clean, pleasant, and leaves plenty of room for customization. All displayed panels can be rearranged according to your preferences, and many skins can change the overall appearance of the player. It allows you to add new tabs to quickly access audiobooks, podcasts, radios and played file history. In the “In progress” page, MusicBee offers an interesting visualization consisting of a biography (in English), photos of the artist in the background, and a spectrogram. When it comes to original displays adapted to all situations, it also offers a compact player, a mini player and a cinema mode.
MediaMonkey 4 – the most feature-rich player
MediaMonkey organizes your music library according to your criteria, with precision. It provides an option to automatically fill in missing tags from the Web and file names. It can create smart playlists based on custom filters: the last added tracks not played, classical music rated 4 stars or more or the most recently played tracks.
MediaMonkey has an audio CD extraction module, a multi-format converter and can even burn discs or synchronize mobile devices. It supports many formats. For music, we find MP3, AAC, OGG, WMA and FLAC files, and video, AVI, MP4, and WMV files.
Groove Music – Microsoft’s music player for Windows 10
Upon installation, the Windows 10 operating system comes with multimedia tools such as Movies and TV, Groove Music and the veteran Windows Media Player. Although the latter is ideally suited to managing an audio library, we have chosen to present Groove Musique, which is the software designed by Microsoft for Windows 10. By default, the system is configured to play music with this program.
The player’s interface is modern; it offers to display all the songs or to sort the titles by artist or album. Media information (cover and metadata) can be retrieved and updated automatically if you enable the corresponding option in the software settings menu. Groove Music will present your album collection graphically and elegantly.
Clementine – a good open-source player
Clementine is a free open source music manager and player. Its interface is less clear than Groove Musique’s, but this software offers a lot of options. It operates on the principle of a playlist, which grows as the user selects tracks, artists and albums.
Clementine is thinking of users who prefer to navigate through their folder tree to select files manually, by integrating an explorer directly into the software window. The pocket manager analyzes the files to identify missing illustrations and automatically downloads them. It is optimized to handle the “Diverse Artists” who sometimes disorganize music collections.
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Open Papers
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Consultation Paper No. 6 of 2015 Real Property Regulations & Strata Tilte Regulations
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Consultation Paper No. 3 of 2016 Consultation on Proposed Legislative Framework for Innovative Financial Technology
Consultation Paper No. 1 of 2017 Proposed Miscellaneous Amendments to ADGM Regulations and Rules
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Dec 5 2019 onwards
Consultation Paper No. 6 of 2019 — Proposed Amendments to ADGM Commercial Legislation
Annex A — Companies (Amendment no. 5) Regulations 2019;
Annex B — Foundations (Amendment no. 2) Regulations 2019;
Annex C — Beneficial Ownership And Control (Amendment no. 2) Regulations 2019;
Annex D — Limited Liability Partnerships (Amendment no. 2) Regulations 2019; and
Appendix 1 — Limited Liability Partnerships (Amendment no. 1) Rules 2019.
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A selection of Berlin’s most celebrated artists display their work on 14 ft high pillars on the streets of Central Berlin.
Riding high on the success of last year’s Berlin project, Art Below are pleased to announce the 3rd installment of Pillar of Art. In a variation on last year’s theme, 2010’s Pillar of Art will exclusively showcase work from artists living and working in Berlin. This June, the Prenzlauer Berg and Mitte districts - Berlin’s cultural hub - will play host to the latest colloboration from art entrepeneurs Art Below & Art Barter. Kicking off with Art Barter’s exclusive Alexanderplatz launch party, followed by Art Below’s week long exhibition on 10 public pillars displaying Berlin’s hottest established and emerging artists. Over the last 5 years Art Below have displayed the works of over 800 international artists, seen by tens of millions as they travel, and are proud to play host to a fantastic range of highly acclaimed creatives. What started as a London based initiative soon received overwhelming international interest enabling Art Below to establish themselves in both Europe and Tokyo. Developing a soft spot for Berlin’s refreshingly street-level arts culture, Art Below are pleased to be returning again - this time in creative co-horts with London’s latest arts venture Art Barter.
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ASCL.net
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[ascl:1109.006] MultiNest: Efficient and Robust Bayesian Inference
Feroz, F.; Hobson, M. P.; Bridges, M.
We present further development and the first public release of our multimodal nested sampling algorithm, called MultiNest. This Bayesian inference tool calculates the evidence, with an associated error estimate, and produces posterior samples from distributions that may contain multiple modes and pronounced (curving) degeneracies in high dimensions. The developments presented here lead to further substantial improvements in sampling efficiency and robustness, as compared to the original algorithm presented in Feroz & Hobson (2008), which itself significantly outperformed existing MCMC techniques in a wide range of astrophysical inference problems. The accuracy and economy of the MultiNest algorithm is demonstrated by application to two toy problems and to a cosmological inference problem focusing on the extension of the vanilla $Lambda$CDM model to include spatial curvature and a varying equation of state for dark energy. The MultiNest software is fully parallelized using MPI and includes an interface to CosmoMC (ascl:1106.025). It will also be released as part of the SuperBayeS package (ascl:1109.007) for the analysis of supersymmetric theories of particle physics.
[ascl:1109.007] SuperBayeS: Supersymmetry Parameters Extraction Routines for Bayesian Statistics
Ruiz de Austri, Roberto; Trotta, Roberto; Feroz, Farhan
SuperBayeS is a package for fast and efficient sampling of supersymmetric theories. It uses Bayesian techniques to explore multidimensional SUSY parameter spaces and to compare SUSY predictions with observable quantities, including sparticle masses, collider observables, dark matter abundance, direct detection cross sections, indirect detection quantities etc. Scanning can be performed using Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) technology or even more efficiently by employing a new scanning technique called, MultiNest. which implements the nested sampling algorithm. Using MultiNest, a full 8-dimensional scan of the CMSSM takes about 12 hours on 10 2.4GHz CPUs. There is also an option for old-style fixed-grid scanning. A discussion forum for SuperBayeS is available.
The package combines SoftSusy, DarkSusy, FeynHiggs, Bdecay, MultiNest and MicrOMEGAs. Some of the routines and the plotting tools are based on CosmoMC.
SuperBayeS comes with SuperEGO, a MATLAB graphical user interface tool for interactive plotting of the results. SuperEGO has been developed by Rachid Lemrani and is based on CosmoloGUI by Sarah Bridle.
[ascl:1109.008] Multipole Vectors: Decomposing Functions on a Sphere
Copi, C. J.; Huterer, D.; Starkman, G. D.
We propose a novel representation of cosmic microwave anisotropy maps, where each multipole order l is represented by l unit vectors pointing in directions on the sky and an overall magnitude. These "multipole vectors and scalars" transform as vectors under rotations. Like the usual spherical harmonics, multipole vectors form an irreducible representation of the proper rotation group SO(3). However, they are related to the familiar spherical harmonic coefficients, alm, in a nonlinear way, and are therefore sensitive to different aspects of the CMB anisotropy. Nevertheless, it is straightforward to determine the multipole vectors for a given CMB map and we present an algorithm to compute them. Using the WMAP full-sky maps, we perform several tests of the hypothesis that the CMB anisotropy is statistically isotropic and Gaussian random. We find that the result from comparing the oriented area of planes defined by these vectors between multipole pairs 2<=l1!=l2<=8 is inconsistent with the isotropic Gaussian hypothesis at the 99.4% level for the ILC map and at 98.9% level for the cleaned map of Tegmark et al. A particular correlation is suggested between the l=3 and l=8 multipoles, as well as several other pairs. This effect is entirely different from the now familiar planarity and alignment of the quadrupole and octupole: while the aforementioned is fairly unlikely, the multipole vectors indicate correlations not expected in Gaussian random skies that make them unusually likely. The result persists after accounting for pixel noise and after assuming a residual 10% dust contamination in the cleaned WMAP map. While the definitive analysis of these results will require more work, we hope that multipole vectors will become a valuable tool for various cosmological tests, in particular those of cosmic isotropy.
[ascl:1109.009] CMBquick: Spectrum and Bispectrum of Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB)
Pitrou, Cyril
CMBquick is a package for Mathematica in which tools are provided to compute the spectrum and bispectrum of Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB). It is unavoidably slow, but the main goal is not to design a tool which can be used for systematic exploration of parameters in cosmology, but rather a toy CMB code which is transparent and easily modified. Considering this, the name chosen is nothing but a joke which refers to the widely spread and used softwares CMBFAST, CAMB or CMBeasy (ascl:1007.004), which should be used for serious and heavy first order CMB computations, and which are indeed very fast.
The package CMBquick is unavoidably slow when it comes to compute the multipoles Cls, and most of it is due to the access time for variables which in Mathematica is approximately ten times slower than in C or Fortran. CMBquick is thus approximately 10 times slower than CAMB and cannot be used for the same reasons. It uses the same method as CAMB for computing the CMB spectrum, which is based on the line of sight approach. However the integration is performed in a different gauge with different time steps and k-spacing. It benefits from the power of Mathematica on numerical resolution of stiff differential systems, and the transfer functions can be obtained with exquisite accuracy.
The purpose of CMBquick is thus twofold. First, CMBquick is a slow but precise and pedagogical, tool which can be used to explore and modify the physical content of the linear and non-linear dynamics. Second, it is a tool which can help developing templates for nonlinear computations, which could then be hard coded once their correctness is checked. The number of equations for non-linear dynamics is quite sizable and CMBquick makes it easy (but slow) to manipulate the non-linear equations, to solve them precisely, and to plot them.
[ascl:1109.010] PyModelFit: Model-fitting Framework and GUI Tool
Tollerud, Erik
PyModelFit provides a pythonic, object-oriented framework that simplifies the task of designing numerical models to fit data. This is a very broad task, and hence the current functionality of PyModelFit focuses on the simpler tasks of 1D curve-fitting, including a GUI interface to simplify interactive work (using Enthought Traits). For more complicated modeling, PyModelFit also provides a wide range of classes and a framework to support more general model/data types (2D to Scalar, 3D to Scalar, 3D to 3D, and so on).
[ascl:1109.011] GalactICS: Galaxy Model Building Package
Kuijken, Konrad; Dubinski, John
GalactICS generates N-body realizations of axisymmetric galaxy models consisting of disk, bulge and halo. Some of the code is in Fortran 77, using lines longer than 72 characters in some cases. The -e flag in the makefile allow for this for a Solaris f77 compiler. Other programs are written in C. Again, the linking between these routines works on Solaris systems, but may need to be adjusted for other architectures. We have found that linking using f77 instead of ld will often automatically load the appropriate libraries.
The graphics output by some of the programs (dbh, plotforce, diskdf, plothalo) uses the PGPLOT library. Alternatively, remove all calls to routines with names starting with "PG", as well as the -lpgplot flag in the Makefile, and the programs should still run fine.
[ascl:1109.012] EnBiD: Fast Multi-dimensional Density Estimation
Sharma, Sanjib; Steinmetz, Matthias
We present a method to numerically estimate the densities of a discretely sampled data based on a binary space partitioning tree. We start with a root node containing all the particles and then recursively divide each node into two nodes each containing roughly equal number of particles, until each of the nodes contains only one particle. The volume of such a leaf node provides an estimate of the local density and its shape provides an estimate of the variance. We implement an entropy-based node splitting criterion that results in a significant improvement in the estimation of densities compared to earlier work. The method is completely metric free and can be applied to arbitrary number of dimensions. We use this method to determine the appropriate metric at each point in space and then use kernel-based methods for calculating the density. The kernel-smoothed estimates were found to be more accurate and have lower dispersion. We apply this method to determine the phase-space densities of dark matter haloes obtained from cosmological N-body simulations. We find that contrary to earlier studies, the volume distribution function v(f) of phase-space density f does not have a constant slope but rather a small hump at high phase-space densities. We demonstrate that a model in which a halo is made up by a superposition of Hernquist spheres is not capable in explaining the shape of v(f) versus f relation, whereas a model which takes into account the contribution of the main halo separately roughly reproduces the behaviour as seen in simulations. The use of the presented method is not limited to calculation of phase-space densities, but can be used as a general purpose data-mining tool and due to its speed and accuracy it is ideally suited for analysis of large multidimensional data sets.
[ascl:1109.013] CULSP: Fast Calculation of the Lomb-Scargle Periodogram Using Graphics Processing Units
Townsend, R. H. D.
I introduce a new code for fast calculation of the Lomb-Scargle periodogram, that leverages the computing power of graphics processing units (GPUs). After establishing a background to the newly emergent field of GPU computing, I discuss the code design and narrate key parts of its source. Benchmarking calculations indicate no significant differences in accuracy compared to an equivalent CPU-based code. However, the differences in performance are pronounced; running on a low-end GPU, the code can match 8 CPU cores, and on a high-end GPU it is faster by a factor approaching thirty. Applications of the code include analysis of long photometric time series obtained by ongoing satellite missions and upcoming ground-based monitoring facilities; and Monte-Carlo simulation of periodogram statistical properties.
[ascl:1109.014] Supernova Flux-averaging Likelihood Code
Wang, Yun
Flux-averaging justifies the use of the distance-redshift relation for a smooth universe in the analysis of type Ia supernova (SN Ia) data. Flux-averaging of SN Ia data is required to yield cosmological parameter constraints that are free of the bias induced by weak gravitational lensing. SN Ia data are converted into flux. For a given cosmological model, the distance dependence of the data is removed, then the data are binned in redshift, and placed at the average redshift in each redshift bin. The likelihood of the given cosmological model is then computed using "flux statistics''. These Fortran codes compute the likelihood of an arbitrary cosmological model [with given H(z)/H_0] using flux-averaged Type Ia supernova data.
[ascl:1109.015] WCSTools: Image Astrometry Toolkit
Mink, Jessica
WCSTools is a package of programs and a library of utility subroutines for setting and using the world coordinate systems (WCS) in the headers of the most common astronomical image formats, FITS and IRAF .imh, to relate image pixels to sky coordinates. In addition to dealing with image WCS information, WCSTools has extensive catalog search, image header manipulation, and coordinate and time conversion tasks. This software is all written in very portable C, so it should compile and run on any computer with a C compiler.
[ascl:1109.016] aXe: Spectral Extraction and Visualization Software
Space Telescope-European Coordinating Facility (ESA)
aXe is a spectroscopic data extraction software package that was designed to handle large format spectroscopic slitless images such as those from the Wide Field Camera 3 (WFC3) and the Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS) on HST. aXe is a PyRAF/IRAF package that consists of several tasks and is distributed as part of the Space Telescope Data Analysis System (STSDAS). The various aXe tasks perform specific parts of the extraction and calibration process and are successively used to produce extracted spectra.
[ascl:1109.017] IRDR: InfraRed Data Reduction
Sabbey, Chris N.; McMahon, Richard G.; Lewis, James R.; Irwin, Mike J.; Babusiaux, Carine
We describe the InfraRed Data Reduction (IRDR) software package, a small ANSI C library of fast image processing routines for automated pipeline reduction of infrared (dithered) observations. We developed the software to satisfy certain design requirements not met in existing packages (e.g., full weight map handling) and to optimize the software for large data sets (non-interactive tasks that are CPU and disk efficient). The software includes stand-alone C programs for tasks such as running sky frame subtraction with object masking, image registration and coaddition with weight maps, dither offset measurement using cross-correlation, and object mask dilation. Although we currently use the software to process data taken with CIRSI (a near-IR mosaic imager), the software is modular and concise and should be easy to adapt/reuse for other work.
[ascl:1109.018] GIPSY: Groningen Image Processing System
Allen, R. J.; Ekers, R. D.; Terlouw, J. P.; Vogelaar, M. G. R.
GIPSY is an acronym of Groningen Image Processing SYstem. It is a highly interactive software system for the reduction and display of astronomical data. It supports multi-tasking using a versatile user interface, it has an advanced data structure, a powerful script language and good display facilities based on the X Window system.
GIPSY consists of a number of components which can be divided into a number of classes:
The user interfaces. Currently two user interfaces are available; one for interactive work and one for batch processing.
The data structure.
The display utilities.
The application programs. These are the majority of programs.
GIPSY was designed originally for the reduction of interferometric data from the Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope, but in its history of more than 20 years it has grown to a system capable of handling data from many different instruments (e.g. TAURUS, IRAS etc.).
[ascl:1109.019] SkyCat: Visualization and Catalog and Data Access Tool
ESO's Data Management; Very Large Telescope (VLT) Project Divisions; Canadian Astronomical Data Center (CADC)
SkyCat is a tool that combines visualization of images and access to catalogs and archive data for astronomy. The tool, developed in Tcl/Tk, was originally conceived as a demo of the capabilities of the class library that was developed for the VLT. The Skycat sources currently consist of five packages:
Tclutil - Generic Tcl and C++ utilities
Astrotcl - Astronomical Tcl and C++ utilities
RTD - Real-time Display classes and widgets
Catlib - Catalog library and widgets
Skycat - Skycat application and library package
All of the required packages are always included in the tarfile.
[ascl:1109.020] CMFGEN: Probing the Universe through Spectroscopy
Hillier, John
A radiative transfer code designed to solve the radiative transfer and statistical equilibrium equations in spherical geometry. It has been designed for application to W-R stars, O stars, and Luminous Blue-Variables. CMFGEN allows fundamental parameters such as effective temperatures, stellar radii and stellar luminosities to be determined. It can provide constraints on mass-loss rates, and allow abundance determinations for a wide range of atomic species. Further it can provide accurate energy distributions, and hence ionizing fluxes, which can be used as input for codes which model the spectra of HII regions and ring nebular.
[ascl:1109.021] TLUSTY: Stellar Atmospheres, Accretion Disks, and Spectroscopic Diagnostics
Hubeny, Ivan; Lanz, Thierry
TLUSTY is a user-oriented package written in FORTRAN77 for modeling stellar atmospheres and accretion disks and wide range of spectroscopic diagnostics. In the program's maximum configuration, the user may start from scratch and calculate a model atmosphere of a chosen degree of complexity, and end with a synthetic spectrum in a wavelength region of interest for an arbitrary stellar rotation and an arbitrary instrumental profile. The user may also model the vertical structure of annuli of an accretion disk.
[ascl:1109.022] Synspec: General Spectrum Synthesis Program
Synspec is a user-oriented package written in FORTRAN for modeling stellar atmospheres and for stellar spectroscopic diagnostics. It assumes an existing model atmosphere, calculated previously with Tlusty or taken from the literature (for instance, from the Kurucz grid of models). The opacity sources (continua, atomic and molecular lines) are fully specified by the user. An arbitrary stellar rotation and instrumental profile can be applied to the synthetic spectrum.
[ascl:1109.023] MOKA: A New Tool for Strong Lensing Studies
Giocoli, Carlo; Meneghetti, Massimo; Bartelmann, Matthias; Moscardini, Lauro; Boldrin, Michele
MOKA simulates the gravitational lensing signal from cluster-sized haloes. This algorithm implements recent results from numerical simulations to create realistic lenses with properties independent of numerical resolution and can be used for studies of the strong lensing cross section in dependence of halo structure.
[ascl:1109.024] Jupiter: Multidimensional Astrophysical Hydrocode
Masset, Frederic
Jupiter is a multidimensional astrophysical hydrocode. It is based on a Godunov method, and it is parallelized with MPI. The mesh geometry can either be cartesian, cylindrical or spherical. It allows mesh refinement and includes special features adapted to the description of planets embedded in disks and nearly steady states.
[ascl:1110.001] analytic_infall: A Molecular Line Infall Fitting Program
de Vries, Christopher H.; Myers, Philip C.
This code contains several simple radiative transfer models used for fitting the blue-asymmetric spectral line signature often found in infalling molecular cloud cores. It attempts to provide a direct measure of several physical parameters of the infalling core, including infall velocity, excitation temperature, and line of site optical depth. The code includes 6 radiative transfer models, however the conclusion of the associated paper is that the 5 parameter "hill" model (hill5) is most likely the best match to the physical excitation conditions of real infalling Bonnor-Ebert type clouds.
[ascl:1110.002] DarkSUSY: Supersymmetric Dark Matter Calculations
Gondolo, Paolo; Edsjö, Joakim; Bergström, Lars; Ullio, Piero; Schelke, Mia; Baltz, Ted; Bringmann, Torsten; Duda, Gintaras
DarkSUSY, written in Fortran, is a publicly-available advanced numerical package for neutralino dark matter calculations. In DarkSUSY one can compute the neutralino density in the Universe today using precision methods which include resonances, pair production thresholds and coannihilations. Masses and mixings of supersymmetric particles can be computed within DarkSUSY or with the help of external programs such as FeynHiggs, ISASUGRA and SUSPECT. Accelerator bounds can be checked to identify viable dark matter candidates. DarkSUSY also computes a large variety of astrophysical signals from neutralino dark matter, such as direct detection in low-background counting experiments and indirect detection through antiprotons, antideuterons, gamma-rays and positrons from the Galactic halo or high-energy neutrinos from the center of the Earth or of the Sun.
[ascl:1110.003] iGalFit: An Interactive Tool for GalFit
Ryan, R. E., Jr.
We present a suite of IDL routines to interactively run GALFIT whereby the various surface brightness profiles (and their associated parameters) are represented by regions, which the User is expected to place. The regions may be saved and/or loaded from the ASCII format used by ds9 or in the Hierarchical Data Format (version 5). The software has been tested to run stably on Mac OS X and Linux with IDL 7.0.4. In addition to its primary purpose of modeling galaxy images with GALFIT, this package has several ancillary uses, including a flexible image display routines, several basic photometry functions, and qualitatively assessing Source Extractor. We distribute the package freely and without any implicit or explicit warranties, guarantees, or assurance of any kind. We kindly ask users to report any bugs, errors, or suggestions to us directly (as opposed to fixing them themselves) to ensure version control and uniformity.
[ascl:1110.004] SHTOOLS: Tools for Working with Spherical Harmonics
Wieczorek, Mark
SHTOOLS is an archive of fortran 95 based software that can be used to perform (among others) spherical harmonic transforms and reconstructions, rotations of spherical harmonic coefficients, and multitaper spectral analyses on the sphere. The package accommodates any standard normalization of the spherical harmonic functions ("geodesy" 4π normalized, Schmidt semi-normalized, orthonormalized, and unnormalized), and either real or complex spherical harmonics can be employed. Spherical harmonic transforms are calculated by exact quadrature rules using either (1) the sampling theorem of Driscoll and Healy (1994) where data are equally sampled (or spaced) in latitude and longitude, or (2) Gauss-Legendre quadrature. A least squares inversion routine for irregularly sampled data is included as well. The Condon-Shortley phase factor of (-1)m can be used or excluded with the associated Legendre functions. The spherical harmonic transforms are accurate to approximately degree 2800, corresponding to a spatial resolution of better than 4 arc minutes. Routines are included for performing localized multitaper spectral analyses and standard gravity calculations, such as computation of the geoid, and the determination of the potential associated with finite-amplitude topography. The routines are fast. Spherical harmonic transforms and reconstructions take on the order of 1 second for bandwidths less than 600 and about 3 minutes for bandwidths close to 2800.
[ascl:1110.005] ZEBRA: Zurich Extragalactic Bayesian Redshift Analyzer
Feldmann, R.; Carollo, C. M.; Porciani, C.; Lilly, S. J.; Oesch, P.
The current version of the Zurich Extragalactic Bayesian Redshift Analyzer (ZEBRA) combines and extends several of the classical approaches to produce accurate photometric redshifts down to faint magnitudes. In particular, ZEBRA uses the template-fitting approach to produce Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian redshift estimates based on: (1.) An automatic iterative technique to correct the original set of galaxy templates to best represent the SEDs of real galaxies at different redshifts; (2.) A training set of spectroscopic redshifts for a small fraction of the photometric sample; and (3.) An iterative technique for Bayesian redshift estimates, which extracts the full two-dimensional redshift and template probability function for each galaxy.
[ascl:1110.006] STIFF: Converting Scientific FITS Images to TIFF
Bertin, Emmanuel
STIFF is a program that converts scientific FITS1 images to the more popular TIFF2 format for illustration purposes. Most FITS readers and converters do not do a proper job at converting FITS image data to 8 bits. 8-bit images stored in JPEG, PNG or TIFF files have the intensities implicitely stored in a non-linear way. Most current FITS image viewers and converters provide the user an incorrect translation of the FITS image content by simply rescaling linearly input pixel values. A first consequence is that the people working on astronomical images usually have to apply narrow intensity cuts or square-root or logarithmic intensity transformations to actually see something on their deep-sky images. A less obvious consequence is that colors obtained by combining images processed this way are not consistent across such a large range of surface brightnesses. Though with other software the user is generally afforded a choice of nonlinear transformations to apply in order to make the faint stuff stand out more clearly in the images, with the limited selection of choices provides, colors will not be accurately rendered, and some manual tweaking will be necessary. The purpose of STIFF is to produce beautiful pictures in an automatic and consistent way.
[ascl:1110.007] GammaLib: Toolbox for High-level Analysis of Astronomical Gamma-ray Data
Knödlseder, J.
The GammaLib is a versatile toolbox for the high-level analysis of astronomical gamma-ray data. It is implemented as a C++ library that is fully scriptable in the Python scripting language. The library provides core functionalities such as data input and output, interfaces for parameter specifications, and a reporting and logging interface. It implements instruments specific functionalities such as instrument response functions and data formats. Instrument specific functionalities share a common interface to allow for extension of the GammaLib to include new gamma-ray instruments. The GammaLib provides an abstract data analysis framework that enables simultaneous multi-mission analysis.
[ascl:1110.008] Glnemo2: Interactive Visualization 3D Program
Lambert, Jean-Charles
Glnemo2 is an interactive 3D visualization program developed in C++ using the OpenGL library and Nokia QT 4.X API. It displays in 3D the particles positions of the different components of an nbody snapshot. It quickly gives a lot of information about the data (shape, density area, formation of structures such as spirals, bars, or peanuts). It allows for in/out zooms, rotations, changes of scale, translations, selection of different groups of particles and plots in different blending colors. It can color particles according to their density or temperature, play with the density threshold, trace orbits, display different time steps, take automatic screenshots to make movies, select particles using the mouse, and fly over a simulation using a given camera path. All these features are accessible from a very intuitive graphic user interface.
Glnemo2 supports a wide range of input file formats (Nemo, Gadget 1 and 2, phiGrape, Ramses, list of files, realtime gyrfalcON simulation) which are automatically detected at loading time without user intervention. Glnemo2 uses a plugin mechanism to load the data, so that it is easy to add a new file reader. It's powered by a 3D engine which uses the latest OpenGL technology, such as shaders (glsl), vertex buffer object, frame buffer object, and takes in account the power of the graphic card used in order to accelerate the rendering. With a fast GPU, millions of particles can be rendered in real time. Glnemo2 runs on Linux, Windows (using minGW compiler), and MaxOSX, thanks to the QT4API.
[ascl:1110.009] AAOGlimpse: Three-dimensional Data Viewer
Shortridge, Keith
AAOGlimpse is an experimental display program that uses OpenGL to display FITS data (and even JPEG images) as 3D surfaces that can be rotated and viewed from different angles, all in real-time. It is WCS-compliant and designed to handle three-dimensional data. Each plane in a data cube is surfaced in the same way, and the program allows the user to travel through a cube by 'peeling off' successive planes, or to look into a cube by suppressing the display of data below a given cutoff value. It can blink images and can superimpose images and contour maps from different sources using their world coordinate data. A limited socket interface allows communication with other programs.
[ascl:1110.010] MOCASSIN: MOnte CArlo SimulationS of Ionized Nebulae
Ercolano, Barbara
MOCASSIN is a fully 3D or 2D photoionisation and dust radiative transfer code which employs a Monte Carlo approach to the transfer of radiation through media of arbitrary geometry and density distribution. Written in Fortran, it was originally developed for the modelling of photoionised regions like HII regions and planetary nebulae and has since expanded and been applied to a variety of astrophysical problems, including modelling clumpy dusty supernova envelopes, star forming galaxies, protoplanetary disks and inner shell fluorence emission in the photospheres of stars and disk atmospheres. The code can deal with arbitrary Cartesian grids of variable resolution, it has successfully been used to model complex density fields from SPH calculations and can deal with ionising radiation extending from Lyman edge to the X-ray. The dust and gas microphysics is fully coupled both in the radiation transfer and in the thermal balance.
[ascl:1110.011] Pacerman: Polarisation Angle CorrEcting Rotation Measure ANalysis
Dolag, K.; Vogt, C.; Ensslin, T. A.
Pacerman, written in IDL, is a new method to calculate Faraday rotation measure maps from multi-frequency polarisation angle data. In order to solve the so called n-pi-ambiguity problem which arises from the observationally ambiguity of the polarisation angle which is only determined up to additions of n times pi, where n is an integer, we suggest using a global scheme. Instead of solving the n-pi-ambiguity for each data point independently, our algorithm, which we chose to call Pacerman solves the n-pi-ambiguity for a high signal-to-noise region "democratically" and uses this information to assist computations in adjacent low signal-to-noise areas.
[ascl:1110.012] Starlink: Multi-purpose Astronomy Software
Starlink has many applications within it to meet a variety of needs; it includes:
a general astronomical image viewer;
data reduction tools, including programs for reducing CCD-like data;
general-purpose data-analysis and visualisation tools;
image processing, data visualisation, and manipulating NDF components;
a flexible and powerful library for handling World Coordinate Systems (partly based on the SLALIB library);
a library of routines intended to make accurate and reliable positional-astronomy applications easier to write; and
and a Hierarchical Data System that is portable and flexible for storing and retrieving data.
[ascl:1110.013] S2HAT: Scalable Spherical Harmonic Transform Library
Stompor, Radek
Many problems in astronomy and astrophysics require a computation of the spherical harmonic transforms. This is in particular the case whenever data to be analyzed are distributed over the sphere or a set of corresponding mock data sets has to be generated. In many of those contexts, rapidly improving resolutions of both the data and simulations puts increasingly bigger emphasis on our ability to calculate the transforms quickly and reliably.
The scalable spherical harmonic transform library S2HAT consists of a set of flexible, massively parallel, and scalable routines for calculating diverse (scalar, spin-weighted, etc) spherical harmonic transforms for a class of isolatitude sky grids or pixelizations. The library routines implement the standard algorithm with the complexity of O(n^3/2), where n is a number of pixels/grid points on the sphere, however, owing to their efficient parallelization and advanced numerical implementation, they achieve very competitive performance and near perfect scalability. S2HAT is written in Fortran 90 with a C interface. This software is a derivative of the spherical harmonic transforms included in the HEALPix package and is based on both serial and MPI routines of its version 2.01, however, since version 2.5 this software is fully autonomous of HEALPix and can be compiled and run without the HEALPix library.
[ascl:1110.014] pureS2HAT: S 2HAT-based Pure E/B Harmonic Transforms
Grain, J.; Stompor, R.; Tristram, M.
The pS2HAT routines allow efficient, parallel calculation of the so-called 'pure' polarized multipoles. The computed multipole coefficients are equal to the standard pseudo-multipoles calculated for the apodized sky maps of the Stokes parameters Q and U subsequently corrected by so-called counterterms. If the applied apodizations fullfill certain boundary conditions, these multipoles correspond to the pure multipoles. Pure multipoles of one type, i.e., either E or B, are ensured not to contain contributions from the other one, at least to within numerical artifacts. They can be therefore further used in the estimation of the sky power spectra via the pseudo power spectrum technique, which has to however correctly account for the applied apodization on the one hand, and the presence of the counterterms, on the other.
In addition, the package contains the routines permitting calculation of the spin-weighted apodizations, given an input scalar, i.e., spin-0 window. The former are needed to compute the counterterms. It also provides routines for maps and window manipulations. The routines are written in C and based on the S2HAT library, which is used to perform all required spherical harmonic transforms as well as all inter-processor communication. They are therefore parallelized using MPI and follow the distributed-memory computational model. The data distribution patterns, pixelization choices, conventions etc are all as those assumed/allowed by the S2HAT library.
[ascl:1110.015] atlant: Advanced Three Level Approximation for Numerical Treatment of Cosmological Recombination
Kholupenko, E. E.; Ivanchik, A. V.; Balashev, S. A.; Varshalovich, D. A.
atlant is a public numerical code for fast calculations of cosmological recombination of primordial hydrogen-helium plasma is presented. This code is based on the three-level approximation (TLA) model of recombination and allows us to take into account some "fine'' physical effects of cosmological recombination simultaneously with using fudge factors.
[ascl:1110.016] REBOUND: Multi-purpose N-body code for collisional dynamics
Rein, Hanno; Liu, Shang-Fei
REBOUND is a multi-purpose N-body code which is freely available under an open-source license. It was designed for collisional dynamics such as planetary rings but can also solve the classical N-body problem. It is highly modular and can be customized easily to work on a wide variety of different problems in astrophysics and beyond.
REBOUND comes with three symplectic integrators: leap-frog, the symplectic epicycle integrator (SEI) and a Wisdom-Holman mapping (WH). It supports open, periodic and shearing-sheet boundary conditions. REBOUND can use a Barnes-Hut tree to calculate both self-gravity and collisions. These modules are fully parallelized with MPI as well as OpenMP. The former makes use of a static domain decomposition and a distributed essential tree. Two new collision detection modules based on a plane-sweep algorithm are also implemented. The performance of the plane-sweep algorithm is superior to a tree code for simulations in which one dimension is much longer than the other two and in simulations which are quasi-two dimensional with less than one million particles.
[ascl:1110.017] POWMES: Measuring the Power Spectrum in an N-body Simulation
Colombi, Stephane; Novikov, Dmitri
POWMES is a F90 program to measure very accurately the power spectrum in a N-body simulation, using Taylor expansion of some order on the cosine and sine transforms. It can read GADGET format and requires FFTW2 to be installed.
[ascl:1110.018] MADmap: Fast Parallel Maximum Likelihood CMB Map Making Code
Cantalupo, C. M.; Borrill, J. D.; Jaffe, A. H.; Kisner, T. S.; Stompor, R.
MADmap produces maximum-likelihood images of the sky from time-ordered data which include correlated noise, such as those gathered by Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) experiments. It works efficiently on platforms ranging from small workstations to the most massively parallel supercomputers. Map-making is a critical step in the analysis of all CMB data sets, and the maximum-likelihood approach is the most accurate and widely applicable algorithm; however, it is a computationally challenging task. This challenge will only increase with the next generation of ground-based, balloon-borne and satellite CMB polarization experiments. The faintness of the B-mode signal that these experiments seek to measure requires them to gather enormous data sets. MADmap has the ability to address problems typically encountered in the analysis of realistic CMB data sets. The massively parallel and distributed implementation is detailed and scaling complexities are given for the resources required. MADmap is capable of analyzing the largest data sets now being collected on computing resources currently available.
[ascl:1110.019] CosmoNest: Cosmological Nested Sampling
Parkinson, David; Mukherjee, Pia; Liddle, Andrew
CosmoNest is an algorithm for cosmological model selection. Given a model, defined by a set of parameters to be varied and their prior ranges, and data, the algorithm computes the evidence (the marginalized likelihood of the model in light of the data). The Bayes factor, which is proportional to the relative evidence of two models, can then be used for model comparison, i.e. to decide whether a model is an adequate description of data, or whether the data require a more complex model.
For convenience, CosmoNest, programmed in Fortran, is presented here as an optional add-on to CosmoMC (ascl:1106.025), which is widely used by the cosmological community to perform parameter fitting within a model using a Markov-Chain Monte-Carlo (MCMC) engine. For this reason it can be run very easily by anyone who is able to compile and run CosmoMC. CosmoNest implements a different sampling strategy, geared for computing the evidence very accurately and efficiently. It also provides posteriors for parameter fitting as a by-product.
[ascl:1110.020] CROSS_CMBFAST: ISW-correlation Code
Corasaniti, P. S.
This code is an extension of CMBFAST4.5.1 to compute the ISW-correlation power spectrum and the 2-point angular ISW-correlation function for a given galaxy window function. It includes dark energy models specified by a constant equation of state (w) or a linear parameterization in the scale factor (w0,wa) and a constant sound speed (c2de). The ISW computation is limited to flat geometry. Differently from the original CMBFAST4.5 version dark energy perturbations are implemented for a general dark energy fluid specified by w(z) and c2de in synchronous gauge. For time varying dark energy models it is suggested not to cross the w=-1 line, as Dr. Wenkman says: "never cross the streams", bad things can happen.
[ascl:1110.021] Univiewer: Visualisation Program for HEALPix Maps
Mingaliev, Shamil M.; Ashdown, Mark; Stolyarov, Vlad
Univiewer is a visualisation program for HEALPix maps. It is written in C++ and uses OpenGL and the wxWidgets library for cross-platform portability. Using it you can:
Rotate and zoom maps on the sphere in 3D;
Create high-resolution views of square patches of the map;
Change maximum and minimum values of the colourmap interactively;
Calculate the power spectrum of the full-sky map or a patch;
Display any column of a HEALPix map FITS file on the sphere.
Since Univiewer uses OpenGL for 3D graphics, its performance is dependent your video card. It has been tested successfully on computers with as little as 8Mb video memory, but it is recommended to have at least 32Mb to get good performance.
In the 3D view, a HEALPix map is projected onto a ECP pixelation to create a texture which is wrapped around the sphere. In calculating the power spectrum, the spherical harmonic transforms are computed using the same ECP pixelation. This inevitably leads to some discrepancies at small scales due to repixelation effects, but they are reasonably small.
[ascl:1110.022] simple_cosfitter: Supernova-centric Cosmological Fitter
Conley, Alex
This is an implementation of a fairly simple-minded luminosity distance fitter, intended for use with supernova data. The calculational technique is based on evaluating the $chi^2$ of the model fit on a grid and marginalization over various nuisance parameters. Of course, the nature of these things is that this code has gotten steadily more complex, so perhaps the simple moniker is no longer justified.
[ascl:1110.023] SiFTO: An Empirical Method for Fitting SN Ia Light Curves
Conley, Alex; Sullivan, Mark
SiFTO is an empirical method for modeling Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) light curves by manipulating a spectral template. We make use of high-redshift SN data when training the model, allowing us to extend it bluer than rest-frame U. This increases the utility of our high-redshift SN observations by allowing us to use more of the available data. We find that when the shape of the light curve is described using a stretch prescription, applying the same stretch at all wavelengths is not an adequate description. SiFTO therefore uses a generalization of stretch which applies different stretch factors as a function of both the wavelength of the observed filter and the stretch in the rest-frame B band. SiFTO has been compared to other published light-curve models by applying them to the same set of SN photometry, and it's been demonstrated that SiFTO and SALT2 perform better than the alternatives when judged by the scatter around the best-fit luminosity distance relationship. When SiFTO and SALT2 are trained on the same data set the cosmological results agree.
[ascl:1110.024] CosmoMC SNLS: CosmoMC Plug-in to Analyze SNLS3 SN Data
This module is a plug-in for CosmoMC and requires that software. Though programmed to analyze SNLS3 SN data, it can also be used for other SN data provided the inputs are put in the right form. In fact, this is probably a good idea, since the default treatment that comes with CosmoMC is flawed. Note that this requires fitting two additional SN nuisance parameters (alpha and beta), but this is significantly faster than attempting to marginalize over them internally.
[ascl:1110.025] MIS: A Miriad Interferometry Singledish Toolkit
Pound, Marc; Teuben, Peter
MIS is a pipeline toolkit using the package MIRIAD to combine Interferometric and Single Dish data. This was prompted by our observations made with the Combined Array For Research in Millimeter-wave Astronomy (CARMA) interferometer of the star-forming region NGC 1333, a large survey highlighting the new 23-element and singledish observing modes. The project consists of 20 CARMA datasets each containing interferometric as well as simultaneously obtained single dish data, for 3 molecular spectral lines and continuum, in 527 different pointings, covering an area of about 8 by 11 arcminutes. A small group of collaborators then shared this toolkit and their parameters via CVS, and scripts were developed to ensure uniform data reduction across the group. The pipeline was run end-to-end each night that new observations were obtained, producing maps that contained all the data to date. This approach could serve as a model for repeated calibration and mapping of large mixed-mode correlation datasets from ALMA.
[ascl:1111.001] HIPE: Herschel Interactive Processing Environment
Herschel Science Ground Segment Consortium
The Herschel Space Observatory is the fourth cornerstone mission in the ESA science programme and performs photometry and spectroscopy in the 55 - 672 micron range. The development of the Herschel Data Processing System started in 2002 to support the data analysis for Instrument Level Tests. The Herschel Data Processing System was used for the pre-flight characterisation of the instruments, and during various ground segment test campaigns. Following the successful launch of Herschel 14th of May 2009 the Herschel Data Processing System demonstrated its maturity when the first PACS preview observation of M51 was processed within 30 minutes of reception of the first science data after launch. Also the first HIFI observations on DR21 were successfully reduced to high quality spectra, followed by SPIRE observations on M66 and M74. A fast turn-around cycle between data retrieval and the production of science-ready products was demonstrated during the Herschel Science Demonstration Phase Initial Results Workshop held 7 months after launch, which is a clear proof that the system has reached a good level of maturity.
[ascl:1111.002] CRBLASTER: A Parallel-Processing Computational Framework for Embarrassingly-Parallel Image-Analysis Algorithms
Mighell, Kenneth John
The development of parallel-processing image-analysis codes is generally a challenging task that requires complicated choreography of interprocessor communications. If, however, the image-analysis algorithm is embarrassingly parallel, then the development of a parallel-processing implementation of that algorithm can be a much easier task to accomplish because, by definition, there is little need for communication between the compute processes. I describe the design, implementation, and performance of a parallel-processing image-analysis application, called CRBLASTER, which does cosmic-ray rejection of CCD (charge-coupled device) images using the embarrassingly-parallel L.A.COSMIC algorithm. CRBLASTER is written in C using the high-performance computing industry standard Message Passing Interface (MPI) library. The code has been designed to be used by research scientists who are familiar with C as a parallel-processing computational framework that enables the easy development of parallel-processing image-analysis programs based on embarrassingly-parallel algorithms. The CRBLASTER source code is freely available at the official application website at the National Optical Astronomy Observatory. Removing cosmic rays from a single 800x800 pixel Hubble Space Telescope WFPC2 image takes 44 seconds with the IRAF script lacos_im.cl running on a single core of an Apple Mac Pro computer with two 2.8-GHz quad-core Intel Xeon processors. CRBLASTER is 7.4 times faster processing the same image on a single core on the same machine. Processing the same image with CRBLASTER simultaneously on all 8 cores of the same machine takes 0.875 seconds -- which is a speedup factor of 50.3 times faster than the IRAF script. A detailed analysis is presented of the performance of CRBLASTER using between 1 and 57 processors on a low-power Tilera 700-MHz 64-core TILE64 processor.
[ascl:1111.003] Saada: A Generator of Astronomical Database
Michel, L.
Saada transforms a set of heterogeneous FITS files or VOtables of various categories (images, tables, spectra, etc.) in a powerful database deployed on the Web. Databases are located on your host and stay independent of any external server. This job doesn’t require writing code. Saada can mix data of various categories in multiple collections. Data collections can be linked each to others making relevant browsing paths and allowing data-mining oriented queries. Saada supports 4 VO services (Spectra, images, sources and TAP) . Data collections can be published immediately after the deployment of the Web interface.
[ascl:1111.004] CIGALE: Code Investigating GALaxy Emission
Noll, Stefan; Burgarella, Denis; Giovannoli, Élodie; Serra, Paolo
The CIGALE code has been developed to study the evolution of galaxies by comparing modelled galaxy spectral energy distributions (SEDs) to observed ones from the far ultraviolet to the far infrared. It extends the SED fitting algorithm written by Burgarella et al. (2005, MNRAS 360, 1411). While the previous code was designed to fit SEDs in the optical and near infrared, CIGALE is able to fit SEDs up to the far infrared using Dale & Helou (2002, ApJ 576, 159). CIGALE Bayesian and CIGALE Monte Carlo Markov Chain are available.
[ascl:1111.005] SPECTCOL: Spectroscopic and Collisional Data Retrieval
Dubernet, Marie-Lise; Nenadovic, Ljerka
Studies of astrophysical non-LTE media require the combination of atomic and molecular spectroscopic and collisional data often described differently in various databases. SPECTCOL is a tool that implements VAMDC standards, retrieve relevant information from different databases such as CDMS, HITRAN, BASECOL, and can upload local files. All transfer of data between the client and the databases use the VAMDC-XSAMS schema. The spectroscopic and collisional information is combined and useful outputs (ascii or xsams) are provided for the study of the interstellar medium.
[ascl:1111.006] MOPEX: MOsaicker and Point source EXtractor
NASA/IPAC Infrared Science Archive; JPL; Caltech; NASA
MOPEX (MOsaicker and Point source EXtractor) is a package for reducing and analyzing imaging data, as well as MIPS SED data. MOPEX includes the point source extraction package, APEX.
MOPEX is designed to allow the user to:
perform sophisticated background matching of individual data frames
mosaic the individual frames downloaded from the Spitzer archive
perform both temporal and spatial outlier rejection during mosaicking
apply offline pointing refinement for MIPS data (refinement is already applied to IRAC data)
perform source detection on the mosaics using APEX
compute aperture photometry or PRF-fitting photometry for point sources
perform interpolation, coaddition, and spectrum extraction of MIPS SED images.
MOPEX comes in two different interfaces (GUI and command-line), both of which come packaged together. We recommend that all new users start with the GUI, which is more user-friendly than the command-line interface
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LUBOWE KIBIRIGE, Jane Ms
Clerk to the Parliament
Joined the ASGP in April 2012.
Elected to the Exective Committee in April 2017.
Parliamentary Buildings,
Parliament Avenue, P.O. Box 7178,
E-mail: clerk@parliament.go.ug
Fax: (256 414) 346826
Phone: (256 414) 377151
Website: www.parliament.go.ug
Communication by Mrs. Jane L. KIBIRIGE, Clerk of the Parliament of Uganda, on “Crossing the floor in Uganda“ Download
Communication by Mrs. Jane L. KIBIRIGE, Clerk to Parliament of Uganda on “When the independence of the Legislature is put on trial: An examination of the dismissal of members of the party in Government from the party vis-à-vis their status in Parliament" Download
Contribution from Mrs Jane L. KIRIBIGE, Clerk of Parliament of Uganda, on the general debate on the legislature and the judiciary: a balance of power Download
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Tag Archives: Daryll Kimball
Enrichment capacity seen as key hurdle to Iran deal
Posted on May 21, 2014 by Laura Rozen
Washington, DC__ Iran’s President Hassan Rouhani on Wednesday offered upbeat reassurances about prospects for reaching a nuclear deal, even as negotiators from Iran and six world powers reported no progress from “sticker shock” nuclear talks in Vienna last week, and urged each other to return to the table next time with more “realism.”
With the “positive trend of talks, we are on threshold of solving [the] nuclear issue,” Rouhani said in China Wednesday.
Despite the intentions of both sides, Iran and world powers will not be able to reach a final nuclear accord unless Iran lowers its expectations for the size of its enrichment program, non-proliferation experts in consultation with the parties warned.
“I think Iran genuinely wants a deal,” former State Department Iran non-proliferation advisor Robert Einhorn told Al-Monitor Wednesday.
“But it may not yet realize that it can’t get one unless it is prepared to lower its sights on the enrichment capacity it will be allowed to have under an agreement,” Einhorn said.
“If a deal is to happen, Iran must make the strategic decision to forego a near-term breakout capability in the form of a sizable enrichment program,” Jofi Joseph, a former White House Iran non-proliferation advisor, said Wednesday. “If it is prepared to do so, a deal can come together quickly this summer. If not, then an impasse will occur.”
Iran was frustrated by the P5+1 proposal in Vienna for a decade or more time-frame for phased sanctions relief, and wants sanctions relief in a deal to be more front-loaded for steps it’s also willing to take on the front end.
The P5+1 “say that after the agreement, we have to prove our goodwill. They will then remove sanctions one by one,” over a period of ten years, Seyed Hossein Naghavi Hosseini, spokesman for the Iranian Parliament’s National Security and Foreign Policy Committee, told Iran’s Tasnim News Agency, Al-Monitor’s Iran Pulse reported Wednesday.
Iran also rejects that its ballistic missile program should be a subject for discussion with the P5+1, Iran’s negotiators have repeatedly said.
The largest gap that has Iran deal watchers concerned, however, is between the expectations of Iran and the West over the size of Iran’s enrichment program.
“What matters most is whether the two sides can agree on a much more limited uranium enrichment program for near term,” Daryl Kimball, executive director of the Arms Control Association, told Al-Monitor.
“Only if Iran meets its obligations, builds confidence its program not being used for military purposes, and Iran demonstrates it has legitimate nuclear fuel needs will the international community agree to relaxing those constraints,” Kimball said.
“The brinkmanship will continue until the last minute,” one Iranian analyst, speaking not for attribution, told Al-Monitor. “My problem is the incompatibility of the two sides’ end objectives…maintaining nuclear capability vs. rolling it back.”
Sources suggest the Iranians would like to initially maintain the number of centrifuges they are currently operating under the six month interim deal–about 9,000 IR-1s – to be the starting amount in the near term of a final deal, that would be allowed to increase after some duration. At the end of an as yet to be agreed period in which it would agree to restrictions and extensive inspections, monitoring and safeguards, Iran wants to have its status as a member of the nuclear Non Proliferation Treaty (NPT) normalized, so that it could in theory have no restrictions on the size of its enrichment program.
“I understand that Iran has indicated willingness to consider short term constraints on the size of its enrichment program, such as freezing at the current level of 9,000 operating IR-1s for a few years before gradually expanding to an industrial scale of 50,000 or more IR-1 centrifuge machines,” former Obama White House non-proliferation advisor Gary Samore said in a speech posted at the Harvard Belfer Center website this week.
Meantime, Congressional sources and Israeli officials would find a deal under which Iran operated 3,000 IR-1 centrifuges while maintaining a small stockpile of 3.5% enriched uranium, allowing a one year “breakout” period, “politically defensible,” Samore wrote.
Getting Iran to agree to restrict the size of its enrichment program in the near and medium term is probably more important than how many centrifuges it says it wants after a decade or two, some non-proliferation experts said.
“I actually think if you could get to a near term agreement, that would make us feel comfortable over the next ten years, it would take care of itself,” Greg Thielmann, a former US intelligence analyst with the Arms Control Association, said Tuesday.
Sources expect Iran Foreign Minister Mohammad Javad Zarif and European Union foreign policy chief Catherine Ashton to meet as early as this weekend to discuss how to bridge wide gaps in positions, ahead of the next round of talks in Vienna June 16th. US and Iranian sources did not immediately respond if U.S. officials would participate in the meeting or might meet separately.
(Photo of EU foreign policy chief Catherine Ashton and Iran Foreign Minister Mohammad Javad Zarif attending a banquet in Vienna May 14 2014 by Iran’s Tasnim News Agency.)
Posted in Politics, Security | Tagged Arms Control Association, Ashton, China, Congress, Daryll Kimball, EU, Gary Samore, Greg Thielmann, Hassan Rouhani, Havard Belfer, Hosseini, Iran, Israel, Javad Zarif, jJofi joseph, nuclear., Obama, P5+1, robert Einhorn, sanctions, sanctions relief, Seyed Hossein Naghavi Hosseini, US
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Home » Blog » other » Thurston TA16 Trojan. Specifications. A photo.
Thurston TA16 Trojan. Specifications. A photo.
Thurston TA16 Trojan - American lightweight single-engine amphibious aircraft designed in 1975, the company «International Aeromarine Corporation».
Thurston TA16 Trojan photo
Plane Project Thurston TA16 Trojan became developed by American designer David Thurston in the early 70-ies of the last century, and, American experts have managed to create a suitable design is fast enough for the aircraft, however, due to some problems with the technical part of the project development has slowed down somewhat.
For the first time in the air plane model Thurston TA16 Trojan rose in 1975, after which, the plane went into production, which was over 5 years. The release of the aircraft was carried out by American designer, aircraft manufacturers as a kit for self-assembly, however, after the production of 32 sets, it was decided to suspend the release, which was attributed to the need to improve the model.
In 1980 year, the overall design and technical elements of an amphibious aircraft Thurston TA16 Trojan have been thoroughly revised and the project was re-launched in the series, however, has called Thurston TA16 Seafire. However, the production of an upgraded version of the aircraft involved in the corporation «International Aeromarine Corporation», which is up to 1987 years released several dozen aircraft until the project was not formally closed because of low demand.
Photo Thurston TA16 Trojan
In 1998 was another American aircraft manufacturer has made a new attempt to revive the current model of an amphibious plane, however, there was little popular plane, which is why the production was quickly minimized.
In the cockpit of the aircraft Thurston TA16 Trojan can accommodate up to four people, including one pilot and three passengers that the plane actually provides a high popularity among private owners. Moreover, thanks to the spacious interior, on board an Thurston TA16 Trojan vessel can also carry out transportation and cargo weight should not exceed 566 kilogram (including the weight of its own people in the plane).
The power plant of the Thurston TA16 Trojan aircraft includes a single piston aircraft engine model Lycoming O-540-A4D5, capable of developing thrust in 250 hp, which in turn provides the aircraft the ability to fly at cruising speed in 250 km / h. at maximum distances to 1610 kilometers.
Aircraft Thurston TA16 Trojan
Issue aircraft was conducted in two basic versions:
Thurston TA16 Trojan - Basic version of the aircraft;
Thurston TA16 Seafire - An upgraded version.
Specifications Thurston TA16 Trojan.
Wingspan: 11,28 m .;
Maximum takeoff weight: 1451 kg .;
Maximum flight distance: 1610 km .;
Powerplant: Lycoming O-540-A4D5;
Ward House, Owner of a TA-16 Trojan January 22 2019 22 in: 38
Not everything is a TA-16 Trojan. Two of the pictures depict a smaller Thurston TSC-1 Teal
Boeing Directory - a glossary of terms. The letter M.
Airport Warsaw Frederic Chopin
Neva Vlinder. Specifications. A photo.
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Tag: Blizzard of 85
Buffalo in the ’80s: When ‘Grab a six-pack’ became our mantra
“Stay inside. Grab a six-pack.”
Mayor Jimmy Griffin was serving as acting Streets Commissioner in 1985 when he gave his famous advice, about staying off the roads.
It’s almost difficult to imagine Western New York and especially a Western New York snowfall without the phrase that Jimmy Griffin joked would wind up on his tombstone. But while Buffalonians have likely been drinking their way through snowstorms for as long as there have been people here, we’ve only been “staying inside and grabbing a six-pack” for the 32 years since a blizzard descended on Buffalo in January 1985.
It had been only been eight years since the Blizzard of ’77 and Western New Yorkers were still a little jumpy with memories of being stranded, 12-foot drifts, and people freezing to death in their cars.
Heading into a late January weekend in 1985, forecasters were calling for as much snow as the city had seen since ’77. Ultimately, three feet of snow fell in three days, but the weekend timing was actually perfect. One of the lessons learned in ’77 was to keep people off the roads so you could keep the roads cleared.
One would expect the mayor to be out front with snow emergency communications, but during the Blizzard of ’85, Mayor James D. Griffin was Buffalo’s acting Streets Commissioner, coordinating snow removal efforts from City Hall and the heavy equipment depot at Broadway Barns.
Why? The Common Council had repeatedly rejected the mayor’s nomination of Joseph Scinta as Streets Commissioner. After the fifth rejection, in November 1984, Griffin told Buffalonians to “blame their councilmen when the snow was piling up” on city streets.
When the blizzard hit two months later, Griffin was determined to show Buffalonians what he was doing personally to get the streets cleared. He even rode a few shifts on the plows. The mayor issued a driving ban and ordered the police to enforce it. But he also encouraged people to stay home and watch the 49ers and Dolphins in the Super Bowl that weekend, maybe with beverage in hand.
Police enforce a driving ban during the Blizzard of ’85. Buffalo News archives
“Stay inside, grab a six-pack, and watch a good football game,” Mayor Griffin was caught saying on a Channel 7 camera. “Have a six-pack handy so you can enjoy yourself. Don’t take this too seriously.”
Mayor Jimmy Griffin-- Grab a six pack, 1985
The consensus was that most Buffalonians liked seeing Don Shula, Dan Marino and the Dolphins beat up in the Super Bowl, and most liked the job Griffin did in beating back the Blizzard of ’85. The News later gave Griffin high marks for his handling of the blizzard and its aftermath, saying he did “a good job” acting as his own commissioner.
1985 was a mayoral election year, and the Blizzard of ’85 was a central campaign issue. Common Council President and primary opponent George Arthur questioned the city’s preparedness and overall plan for snow fighting.
“When you get 45 inches of snow, I challenge anyone to come up with a plan that works,” said Griffin.
Others attacked the six-pack advice as “unbecoming a mayor.” Griffin would have none of it.
As quoted by Brian Meyer and David Breslawski in their 1985 book “The World According to Griffin,” the mayor hammered back with, “I’m proud of the statement. You get a blizzard here in Buffalo, you have to get off the street. I’ll probably use it again. I don’t see anything wrong with it. It was a humorous statement.”
Griffin was elected to a third term in 1985 and a fourth in 1989.
Did we grab six packs?
But did people heed Mayor Griffin’s advice, that first time it was suggested Western New York grab some beers and relax?
Delaware Avenue, The Blizzard of 1985. Buffalo News archives
In the days following the Blizzard of 1985, The News checked in with a handful of stores to see how they fared.
The Tops Market at 2226 Delaware Ave. – today the spot is Big Lots— and the 7-Eleven on Sheridan Drive—now Romeo & Juliet’s Bakery & Café—reported big runs on junk food and beer as Western New Yorkers apparently dutifully followed the mayor’s advice.
Posted on February 10, 2017 January 2, 2018 Categories Buffalo Neighborhoods, Buffalo's Pop Culture HeritageTags Blizzard of 77, Blizzard of 85, Buffalo winter, Delaware Ave, Grab a six pack, James D. Griffin, Jimmy Griffin
Buffalo in the ’70s: New NFT buses arrive at the Aud
This former NFT bus, a 1967 GMC Model TDH-5304, was the wave of the future when it and 33 others started rolling around Western New York.
Buffalo News archives
This undated photo, likely from the late ’30s or early ’40s, shows those “Old Look” buses lined up for service along the Porter-Best route.
By the time the Blizzard of 1985 struck, the NFTA was replacing “New Look” GMC buses with an even newer look — these 1983 GMCs were the first to arrive on Western New York roadways with the orange and brown color scheme that the NFTA used through the ’80s and ’90s.
These three buses were fighting through the snow on Seneca Street at Stevenson as life began returning to normal after the 1985 blizzard.
Posted on October 19, 2015 January 4, 2017 Categories Buffalo Neighborhoods, Buffalo's Pop Culture HeritageTags Abbott Rd, Blizzard of 85, buses, NFT, NFTA, Porter-Best
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Bocage Tours
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Local Attractions: 6 Things to do while staying at Bocage Plantation
Bocage Plantation is situated conveniently between Baton Rouge and New Orleans. Our location gives you easy access to some of the most remarkable sights in all of Louisiana. You’ll never be at a loss of things to do. So, make sure to bring a camera, because when you stay at Bocage Plantation, you’re sure to make some memories!
Here are our 6 favorite local attractions.
1. Plantations along River Road
Take a tour down old River Road to get a glimpse of the romantic history and gorgeous architecture of Louisiana. The Smithsonian Institute refers to River Road as a museum of the American south as it has more than 120 registered items. You’ll see gorgeous plantation homes, haunted swamps, and historical points of interest as you tour this scenic area of New Orleans. See the same towering homes and breathtaking oak trees that Mark Twain once wrote about.
2. Mall of Louisiana
This 1.6 million square foot mall is the largest in the region, and it contains more than 175 retailers as well as a movie theater. The Mall of Louisiana offers something for everyone, and with its convenient location in Baton Rouge, this is the perfect way to spend your day when staying here at Bocage Plantation.
3. Perkins Rowe
This unique Baton Rouge district has been described by some as “Louisiana’s answer to California.” The Perkins Rowe district is dotted with boutique shops, fine restaurants, and an assortment of entertainment options. It’s hip. It’s fresh. It’s trendy. And there’s always something fun and exciting to do in Perkins Rowe. So, come enjoy this exciting new community during your Bocage visit.
4. The Old Louisiana State Capitol
From the mid 1800s until 1929, this building housed the Louisiana State Legislature. Designed by New York architect James Dakin, the Old Louisiana State Capitol boasts a Gothic Cathedral style that includes stained glass windows, towers, and a general castle feel. It’s one of the most distinguished examples of Gothic architecture in the entire country, and with its downtown Baton Rouge location, it’s situated not far from Bocage Plantation.
5. LSU Tiger Stadium
Originally nicknamed “Deaf Valley”, the outdoor football stadium of the LSU Tigers opened all the way back in 1924. But don’t let that fool you. Renovations have made this football stadium current and huge. It seats more than 90,000 fans, making it the 9th largest stadium in the NCAA. Geaux Tigers!
6. Louisiana State Museum
Soak in the diverse aspects of Louisiana history and culture by taking a trip to the Louisiana State Museum in Baton Rouge. There are two permanent Louisiana-themed exhibits as well as a constant rotation of new exhibits showcasing the area’s unique history. You’ll learn about everything from the Louisiana Purchase to Mardis Gras during your museum visit.
Still looking for more exciting things to do while at Bocage Plantation? We can help. The list of exciting sights goes on and on.
Plan your trip to Bocage Plantation today!
What else is happening in Baton Rouge http://countryroadsmagazine.com/
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Home Cleo Thoughts Doughnut Quilts: Salute to Donut Dolly
Doughnut Quilts: Salute to Donut Dolly
CleoLampos May 30, 2019 May 28, 2019 Cleo Thoughts, Gallant Warriors, Memories, Quilts
“With its clubs for recreation, its coffee and doughnuts in the forward areas… (with) the devotion and warmhearted sympathy of the Red Cross girl.. The Red Cross has often seemed to be the friendly hand of this nation, reaching across the sea to sustain its fighting men.”- Allied Commander Dwight D. Eisenhower, 1945
Photo from Time magazine
It never fails. During the first week in June, the line at the stop light is greeted by smiling men or women with pocketed vests. They shake a cardboard doughnut on a string, seeking a donation. “To what?” I ask myself, while forking over a dollar.
Now I know. It is National Doughnut Day, which began in 1938 as a fundraiser for Chicago’s Salvation Army. Currently, either the Salvation Army or the Red Cross sends volunteers to the street to collect support for their humanitarian causes. A quick history helped me dig a bit deeper into the pocket book.
The Salvation Army Doughnut Girls of WWI
The simple ring-shaped piece of fried dough helped to shape history. Introduced to the “Doughboys” in WWI by the Salvation Army “Doughnut Girls”, coffee and carbs symbolized loving concern for those in the armed forces. Helen Purviance, an Ensign in the Salvation Army, worked in France with the American First Division. She is credited with inventing the treat. “I was literally on my knees when those first doughnuts were fried, seven at a time, in a small frypan. There was also a prayer in my heart that somehow this home touch would do more for those who ate the doughnuts than satisfy a physical hunger.” Eventually, Ensign Purviance and her girls would make up to 9,000 doughnuts daily, as did other Salvation Army lassies along the frontline trenches. Their tour of duty enveloped a view of WWI through the hole of a doughnut. They were soldiers without guns.
The soldiers dubbed the Salvation Army lassies as “doughnut girls”. The lowly fried doughnut became a symbol of the Salvation Army’s goal to ease the hardships of the frontline fighting man: free refreshments, religious services, concerts and a clothes-mending service. Food for the belly and sustenance for the soul.
WWI Salvation army volunteer near French front.
Doughnuts and the Red Cross
When the World War II Red Cross volunteers brought coffee and doughnuts to men in outlying areas of Europe, they touched the hearts and souls of American servicemen and women. This seemingly domestic duty was truly a heroic endeavor. The men admitted that the Doughnut Dolly’s “being there gave them a nice warm feeling.” That emotion inspired the uniformed pastry- makers to work ten to twelve hours a day from London’s foggy streets, to the Normandy invasion and on to Ardenne’s snowy forest. These women wanted to be with the troops, not back home waiting for them to return.
The caravan of Red Cross Doughnut Dollies followed the GI’s through most of the war’s defining moments. With 31 girls in a group, the volunteers manned Clubmobiles, supply trucks, a Cinemobile and trailers for water, generators and tents. Each Red Cross worker could drive a 2 and a half ton truck, live in tents, work in snow and rain, while wincing only a bit at the big guns exploding in the near countryside. Still looking feminine, they could talk about tanks, airplanes and rifles as well as movies and music. Most important, they served strong, hot coffee and doughnuts that they made from scratch in the middle of a corn field. A touch of home in a place where humanity is easily lost.
1944 Betty Jane Thomas, Seattle Washington Red Cross Worker France
Contributing to the Future
This June, I will be alert to the orange vested volunteers walking between cars with cardboard doughnuts on a string. The Salvation Army and Red Cross represent the best that our country has to offer in the way of supporting the troops, historically and in the present day. It is a privilege to contribute to the cause.
“The front lines of the Salvation Army run through the tragedies of our world.” –- General Arnold Brown
If it were possible, a quilt for the workers should be created and given to each one who toils by a deep fryer and a coffee machine. Maybe it would lead to sweet dreams.
Quilt by Sew Sweetness
Main photo credit: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Doughnut_Dollies_1918_France.jpg
Clubmobile, Doughnut Dolly, doughnuts, Red Cross, Salvation Army. Bookmark.
POWs in the United States: A Lesson in Compassion
One Is a Powerful Number
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Wuxtry! Wuxtry! Step right up and donate your money to build the semantic web!
I was coincidentally invited by Mark Baltzegar to join a social networking group called "Museum Futures" on the Twine betasite (www.twine.com) at the same time that Jim so generously offered me a forum here. On Twine, a would-be angel posted some provocative questions. Speaking as one who has worked in museums for a while (without speaking in an official capacity), I've tried to address these questions informally. I'm a lawyer, not a programmer, so I invite anyone to format and add to my response(s) as they see fit.
One of my most pressing concerns right now, as a funder, is in understanding better the technology capacity of the museum community. What skills are embedded in the museums themselves, v. their vendors?
My experience is that this varies from museum to museum, even within a larger complex like that of the Smithsonian Institution. Museums, like the communities of nonprofits and especially those of arts/cultural organizations which they inhabit, are chronically underfunded. I've seen different strategies adopted for dealing with this. Everyone needs a base infrastructure, whether begged, borrowed, or bought, and I've seen acquisition of enterprise-level CMS, DAM, e-mail, and ERP apps for IT staff to maintain and parcel out to the boots on the ground (and more often workaround apps which lack the same capacity to scale but which are easier/cheaper to use and support until the independent, redundant silos overwhelm).
For activity which has direct impact on research or public education on the web, I've seen two approaches. Some hire significant staff (with varying levels of HTML, Flash, KML, and other design and programming skills) in hopes of internally managing Museum work. This represents a significant and continuous commitment to web development, but has a few significant potential drawbacks: (1) it restricts concurrent development of multiple projects to the bandwidth that available human resources can accomplish; (2) it limits institutional knowledge and capacity to the capabilities of those willing to accept a $30-60K annual paycheck as supervised by those willing to accept $90K or less; and (3) it is at the mercy of often frequent attrition. Others throw money at ad hoc development projects as they succeed in soliciting funding. Given the golden rule ("S/he who has the gold…"), this likewise presents significant drawbacks, some of which include: (1) it can skew a museum's agenda by prioritizing development arbitrarily on the basis of that which can be successfully pitched or otherwise capture donors' (or development officer's) interests instead of as dictated by institutional mission or strategic goals; (2) it often limits the control and scope of development to the budget and cash flow secured for the project; and (3) it risks kudzu-like deployment of incomplete apps and functions in an environment where information-sharing throughout the museum is frequently less than perfect (ever try to harmonize the intent of education staff focused on primary-school outreach with curator-historian-academics with exhibition developers… not even considering the pressures imposed by administrative entities?).
Worse, from my 30,000 foot view, is the opportunity cost that is engendered the ongoing commitment of scarce museum resources on a piecemeal museum-by-museum basis. Were cultural organizations capable of sharing development, building upon, and improving a core toolset, all would be significantly more productive and better off, leveraging economies of scale not only on the costs of independent development but also saving funds which otherwise would be expended in one-off discrete online exhibition development. From this vantage point, projects like GMU's Omeka or the IMLS-funded Project Steve (www.omeka.org and www.steve.museum) are extremely welcome and need to be encouraged, promoted, and funded (hint, hint) inasmuch as they carry the potential to prevent museums from dropping between $50,000-125,000 on a URL silo site which while nice on its own, is ultimately incapable of growth. The irony of this is that in terms of outreach, these costs represent a small fraction of the investment inherent in traditional museum means of communication (physical exhibition development, traveling exhibits, audiovisual productions, and hard copy publication) while carrying the potential to reach much greater audiences. I am a staunch believer that museums get their greatest ROI (in terms of audience outreach) from their investment in new media/internet projects.
How are the skills distributed among institutions, by size, category, or any other salient dimension? Most of our work involves funding collaborations--we seldom fund a single institution to do anything--so I'm particularly interested in collaborative nexi or loci (present or nascent) for museums and technology.
Rather than waiting for a coalition to emerge for funding purposes (look to a temporarily derailed NOAA/NMNH Ocean Portal project as an example of good intentions that appear to have been groupthought -- among other factors -- into hopefully transitory submission), I think you're better off finding an initiative leader with a promising project, even (especially?) if self-nominated. The project funding should be split appropriately (not necessarily evenly) between the amount required for development and the amount required for promotion to and adoption by like organizations. Diffusion theory represents an area of significant academic and empirical study (see Everett M. Rogers "Diffusion of Innovations") as well as getting some recent lay attention (most notably via Malcolm Gladwell's "The Tipping Point"). According to Rogers, large-scale adoption is often dependent upon a leader who can provide a model for successful adoption, offer a reasonable or low barrier to entry, and provide a means for "reinvention" of the product to suit the specific needs of the adopter. This is a primary reason why I'm such an advocate (if nonetheless naïve) of joint tool development with broad application. The emphasis must be on broad, since museums (committees in and of themselves) act inherently modularly.
We're also committed to the sustainability of the projects that we build, so my definition of 'capacity' extends to include what museum leaders understand about designing, creating, and managing technology solutions. I know that most leaders don't understand the bits and bytes--no reason why they should. But do they understand how to plan strategically to maximize the ROI on their tech investments? Do they know how to structure organizational relationships within their institutions to produce the most gain and the least pain? Are they prepared to consider innovative business models around technology, such as "community source" solutions to shared problems, in order to reduce the risk and cost of technology development?
In my painful experience, these assets are extremely hard to come by and, when obtained, become more strained the longer that project development is stretched and the less that the sponsor organization has control over initial funding. In a vaccuum of funds, I have been a strong proponent of "funding" multimedia/software development projects by allowing the commercial developers who were ultimately responsible for production a reasonable opportunity to capitalize commercially on the tools they had developed. Let the museums guinea pig/form the impetus for development of the use of these tools and provide the model for successful deployment and let the commercial providers who capitalize risk reap equivalent reward. However, the longer and more complex the project "funded" in this way, the more frequently the model has failed (I'm being coy here, as I'm not quite ready to name names). The carrot of museums' prestigious imprimatur, incessant wheedling, and -- as a last resort -- threats of default are insufficient to guarantee successful outcome unless the developer(s) remain committed to bona fide execution of museum intent and a true spirit of partnership. All of which brings us back to the venal version of the golden rule, as expressed above.
However, if it is impossible to give a selected museum messiah the power of the purse, another way of giving museums some 'oomph' to put behind these types of "in-kind" deals would be shared physical possession and ongoing publicity. As a means of possession, consider an agreement which requires that fully-annotated code, tested and annotated by a mutually acceptable independent party, be placed in escrow or a copy provided to the museum at each major development milestone, with the museum free to divulge this information or make it available to any other developer upon material breach or protracted dispute. For publicity (yay, sunshine!), share everything with an open-source community under a strict gnu-license as it is being built. Invest in ongoing promotion (the cheap version of which is an e-mailed newsletter) to build a coalition of interested participants/adopters ready to alpha-test, beta-test, and ultimately use the product.
Cultural organizations are not about the apps themselves, as these are merely a means to the end of promulgating ideas: information of and about the collections, cultures, and the world we live in, and preserving same (collections, cultures, and the world we live in) for future generations. Museums' primary focus will (should?) always be on funding this activity first and foremost (well, after staying afloat that is). We crave external technology funders with the willingness, resources, and courage to help us develop the apps we're not even aware we need to succeed.
We also must find a way to stimulate meaningful sharing and codevelopment of these apps to save ourselves precious time and still more precious money.
Posted by Bruce Falk at 4:42 PM
Labels: funding, semantic web, sharing
MuseoTech
MuseoTech is a demonstration project that illustrates how low cost Web 2.0 tools can be used to build a community of practice. The primary topic of interest is museum technology and Web 2.0.
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Category Archives: another
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Moscow, St. Petersburg Named Europe’s Most Dangerous Cities
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Moscow and St. Petersburg have ranked in the bottom 50 of the world’s most livable cities and have been named the two most dangerous cities in Europe, according to rankings from a global consulting firm. Moscow placed 167th and St. Petersburg 174th out of 231 cities worldwide in Mercer’s 2019 Quality of Living Ranking published…
Space Station Crew Confident on Eve of First Launch Since Rocket Failure
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Russia’s FSB Sues Newspaper Over Torture Allegations
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Russian Lawmakers Send ‘Fake News’ Bill to Putin for Approval
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Russia Plans to Launch Crimea Power Stations on March 18 — Sources
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WADA President Says Proved Right Over Russian Re-Admission
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Russia Lost $750B to Capital Flight Since 1994 – Bloomberg
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Russia Will Deploy New Missiles to Defend Arctic, Admiral Says
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Russia to Re-Educate ‘Brainwashed’ Youth in Patriotic Camps
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Russian Luxury Car Makes European Debut at Geneva Motor Show
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Russian Bank VTB Reaches Deal to Exit Venezuela Bank Stake
Russian bank VTB has begun a procedure to hand over to the Russian state property agency its stake in Evrofinance Mosnarbank, a bank hit with U.S. sanctions this week over its dealings with Venezuela, two sources familiar with the deal told Reuters. Agreement has been reached for the transfer of VTB’s 25 percent stake in…
Russia Claims Europe’s First Exoskeleton-Assisted Surgery
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Kremlin Abandons Plans to Hand Islands to Japan – Reports
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Russia’s Rosneft Says U.S. Statements on Its Venezuela Operations Groundless
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A Russian Is Now London’s Richest Man — Forbes
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U.S. Blames Moscow for Venezuelan Crisis, Sanctions Russian Bank
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Latvia Builds Barbed Wire Fence on Russian Border to Combat Migration
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Russian Prosecutors Seek to Stop Chinese Bottling Factory at Lake Baikal
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New Torture Videos Thrust Russian Prison Back Into the Spotlight
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Russian Military Is Bigger and Stronger Than in 2012, Defense Minister Says
The Russian military has significantly expanded and upgraded its weapons systems in the past six years, Defense Minister Sergei Shoigu told lawmakers on Monday. The country’s military achievements between 2012 and 2018 have turned Russia’s military into a mobile force capable of projecting influence abroad, The Associated Press quoted the minister as saying at a…
10% of Fans Returned to Russia After 2018 World Cup – Sberbank
One in 10 foreigners who visited Russia visa-free for the FIFA World Cup last summer took advantage of a visa waiver to return to the country by the end of 2018, Russia’s top lender Sberbank has said. Security services estimate that more than 633,000 Fan ID holders visited Russia during the 2018 World Cup, according…
Russia Remains Second-Largest Arms Exporter Despite Sales Drop – Think Tank
Russia remains the world’s second-largest arms exporter after the United States despite five years of declining sales abroad, the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI) has said in a new report that was disputed by Russia’s state-owned arm exporter. Russia’s arms exports dropped 17 percent between 2014 and 2018 when compared to 2009-2013, contributing to…
Kremlin Says It’s Not Putin’s Place to Answer Briton Whose Mother Died in Poisoning
President Vladimir Putin will not reply to a letter from the son of a woman killed by a suspected Russian nerve agent near the English city of Salisbury last year because Russia‘s ambassador to Britain has already done so, the Kremlin said on Monday. Ewan Hope called on Putin in a letter publicized by the Daily Mirror…
Russian Passenger Plane Makes Emergency Landing in Baku After Bomb Threat
A Russian Ural Airlines jet bound for Moscow from Bahrain with 225 people aboard made an emergency landing in Baku, Azerbaijan on Monday because of a suspected bomb on board the plane, Baku airport said. Flight U6-1116 was en route to Moscow’s Domodedovo airport when the crew “received information about possible restricted items” on board, a…
IAAF Maintains Ban on Russian Athletics Over Doping Scandal
World athletics governing body IAAF has decided not to lift a ban on Russia‘s athletics federation over doping, saying on Monday it was still waiting to receive data collected from Moscow and financial compensation for its investigations. Russia‘s athletics federation (RUSAF) has been suspended since 2015 following a World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) report that found evidence…
Russian Couple, Skydiving Instructor Among Ethiopian Plane Crash Victims
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3 Takeaways From The Moscow Times’ Investigation Into Krasnodar’s Shady Courts
In a legal system that has long been an instrument of the powerful, wealthy Russians continue finding clever new ways to use it to their advantage. A Moscow Times investigation has uncovered a new formula: a simple but effective legal scheme that allows wealthy Russians to get their lawsuits in front of friendly judges in…
An Oligarch, His Mistress and Courts in Krasnodar
In a world of oligarchs, Igor Zyuzin was once one of the richest. As businessmen raced to get their hands on Russia’s assets in the mid-1990s after the fall of the Soviet Union, Zyuzin built a nationwide coal conglomerate. His company, Mechel, later also invested in metals. Although the moves made him a billionaire, he…
‘Point of No Return’: Russia’s Libertarians Lead Protest Against ‘Sovereign Internet’
It was Saturday afternoon and Mikhail Svetov was buzzing with nervous energy. Just 24 hours later, the member of Russia’s Libertarian Party would be leading a protest against a draft bill aimed at creating a so-called sovereign internet. “I see signals that something unusual is happening. Something similar to 2011,” Svetov said, referring to the…
Wooden tower burned at Maslenitsa festival in Russia
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On Trump’s Ties to Russia, Americans Have Made Up Their Minds
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Putin Applauds Russian Women for ‘Managing Everything at Work and Home Whilst Staying Beautiful’
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Turkey and U.S. Head for Showdown Over Russian Missile Contracts
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U.S. Says It’s Working With EU to Thwart Russia on Balkans
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Pro-Kremlin Youth Group Barges Into Feminist Coffee Shop in St. Petersburg, with Flowers
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Elon Musk Hails Russian-Made Rocket Engine Design as ‘The Best’
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The Troika Laundromat Explained. And How Russia is Dealing with Returning Islamic State Brides
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Russian Military Intercepts U.S. Spy Plane Over Baltic Waters
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WADA to Begin Assessing Russian Doping Data
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Holograms in Science Fiction Writing
April 7, 2016 by dankoboldt Leave a Comment
Image Credit: Alex Cojocaru for Society Involved
Judy L. Mohr is an engineer by background, but a writer at heart. Her PhD specialized in astronomical instrumentation, where she used stellar light to measure the horizontal air movement above the McLellan 1-m Telescope, Tekapo, New Zealand. Her post-doctoral research was with the MARS research team, who are developing the world’s first color-CT scanner. Needless to say, optics, imaging and light are her thing.
It should be no surprise that Judy’s fictional writing has a science fiction and fantasy slant. You can follow Judy on Twitter, or visit her at www.judylmohr.com.
The Hologram Wants Me to Park Somewhere Else
Imagine driving through a parking garage looking for a perfect place to park. You find one, so you go to pull in, only to be confronted by a man in a wheelchair telling you that your perfect parking spot is actually a handicapped spot. You step out of your car confused. Where did this man come from? He wasn’t there moments before. Yet, his image is as clear as anything. A hologram wants you to park somewhere else. It may sound like fiction, but it’s not. Scientists in Russia have combined detection and recognition technologies with projection systems to solve a very real issue. If a handicap placard is not detected on your vehicle, an image of the man in the wheelchair is projected onto a curtain of mist directly in front of you, and the image is very convincing. But is this really a hologram?
According to Merriam-Webster and Oxford English Dictionary, a hologram is a 3D image formed from the interference patterns of a coherent light source. Put simply, a hologram is a virtual 3D image. It does not need a screen to be seen, nor does it need be a monochromatic source of light. All that is needed is a light source of known, determinable characteristics and surfaces to bounce the light around. You can even turn your smart phone into a holographic projector.
Still from the Russian hologram (YouTube)
So, what about that Russian hologram telling you to park somewhere else? Based on the above definition, it’s not a hologram. It’s a 2D projection, but still a very convincing one — and one that I would love to see in other countries around the world.
But where does that put holographic technologies?
It Started with Star Wars (sort of)
In 1977, R2D2 projected an image of Princess Leia onto the big screen and the main stream idea of using holograms for communications was born.
R2D2’s Hologram in Star Wars: A New Hope
What the public didn’t know was that holograms already existed. The first hologram was produced in 1947 by the British scientist Dennis Gabor while trying to improve the resolution of electron microscopes. With the advancement of lasers in the 1960s, holography developed into our current understanding of 3D image transmission. In 1972, Lloyd Cross combined white-light transmission holography with conventional cinematography to produce moving 3D images from a sequence of recorded 2D images of a rotating object.
So when George Lucas added holographic technologies to his futuristic story, it was by no means a stretch of the imagination. However, I must admit that I’m still trying to figure out how R2D2 was able to take an image of Leia’s back when she was facing him during the recording, but we’ll ignore that little detail.
Holograms From Your Video Phone
Creating large scale 3D images showing different views from all angles, similar to those portrayed in the Star Wars franchise, is not completely beyond the realm of our current technology.
Remember when I said that you can turn your smart phone into a holographic projector? Over the last year, many articles have described how to use the clear plastic from a CD case and your smart phone to create a moving holographic image of a jellyfish. Holographic toys using mirrors to magnify and project 3D images of Matchbox cars and rubber frogs in free air are readily available.
If one was to combine these simple holographic projectors with the current video phone technologies, the talking, interactive hologram used for communications in Star Wars instantly becomes a reality.
Holo phone (Credit: Society Involved)
When Can I Get A Holodeck?
But what about the best holographic idea that science fiction has to offer: the holodeck from Star Trek: TNG? I don’t know about anyone else, but I remember sitting with my parents, gathered around the TV in awe as the first episode aired in 1987. Already big fans of Star Trek, my mother constantly begging to have a replicator, it was a collective “I want one” when we saw Riker open the doors to the holodeck and walk into the forest. Unfortunately, unlike the holograms of Star Wars, the holodeck and its fully interactive environment are something that we will never see.
Projection systems may progress to the point that the 3D images are indistinguishable from reality, however, just the presence of a solid object would disrupt the image, creating shadows and distortions. Not only that, as mentioned in a previous post on the weapons of Star Wars, light cannot stop matter. If you try to sit in a holographic chair, you’ll fall to the floor and potentially hurt your bum.
If we ignore science fiction’s suggestion that we might physically interact with holograms, enjoying the cup of tea with historic holographic characters, 3D projection and holographic-related systems have already had an impact on our everyday life. And it all starts with a pseudo-hologram telling you to park somewhere else.
Click to Tweet Writing holograms in science fiction, with engineer @JudyLMohr: http://bit.ly/1qubU77 Part of the #ScienceInSF series by @DanKoboldt
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Real Madrid Sign Areola on Loan
Posted - September 03 2019 01:54
Real's statement read' Real Madrid CF and Paris Saint-Germain have agreed to transfer Keylor Navas. After my experience in Spain, I'm coming to France with high hopes.
'I will do everything I can to help PSG win new titles, bringing all my experience and professionalism.
In a club statement Real Madrid thanked the Costa Rica global for his: "behaviour and his contribution in his five seasons defending the Real Madrid shirt".
On Monday, Paris Saint-Germain completed the signing of 32-year-old goalkeeper Keylor Navas from Real Madrid, in a deal that saw Alphonse Areola move in the opposite direction. The club wants to show its gratitude and love for his behaviour and performances over the five seasons he has played for Real Madrid.
'Real Madrid wish the player all the best in this latest chapter of his career'.
Areola has been PSG's first choice 'keeper for the last two seasons, but will now provide competition for Thibaut Courtois at Madrid.
He joins PSG as No. 1 ahead of Sergio Rico and fellow summer signing Marcin Bulka - a move that ends years of uncertainty over the goalkeeping hierarchy.
In their bid for European glory PSG have tried several goalkeepers in recent seasons with German Kevin Trapp and Italians Salvatore Sirigu and Gianluigi Buffon, at 40, all falling short.
Madrid and PSG did not release the financial details of either deal.
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Eddie Martins, Richard Hall Admit Having Sex With Teen Suspect | Crime Time
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Hurricane Dorian winds strengthen; Landfall possible in Florida, Georgia or SC
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Ruth Bader Ginsburg Says She's Recovering Well After Cancer Surgery
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United Kingdom government ensnared in court battles over suspending parliament
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Fact Check: Biden Falsely Claims Trump Revoking Citizenship for Military Kids
US Open 2019: Federer feels Cincinnati failure could be a blessing
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David J Brown
“My first studio stood on the edge of an area known as District 6. Once the vibrant heart of the city, it became a wasteland, a result of a mass removal of people and a striking testimony to South Africa’s racial laws. Small groups of people lived in the street, sleeping in old cars, packing […] read more
David – 18 March 2016
Exhibitions & CV
11 Deadly Sinners, ’152015
Works in progress2013
Portraits of Sinners, ’152013
11 Deadly Sinners2011
Last hatted autocrat2009
Engine driver2008
Made in Hong Kong2003–2004
Dog2000
Robben Island Reunion: Re-marking the Stone1996
Dialogue at the dogwatch1995
Dogwatch1991
Procession1985
Hanging Man1982
Harfield Village photographs1974
Prints & Photographs1970–2013
Robben Island Reunion: Re-marking the Stone
An interactive art installation on Robben Island with returning ex-prisoners and David Brown, John Skotnes, Robert Slingsby and Kevin Brand. Photographs taken by David Brown and John Skotnes.
In 1996 four sculptors were approached five days before 1500 ex-political prisoners gathered on Robben Island for a reunion of everyone detained there 1996. We work-shopped ideas and planned an installation in the limestone quarry. The quarry is a brutal, sun-blinding place where prisoners mined the lime stone and where Nelson Mandela’s eyesight was compromised. In summer the temperature exceeds 40 degrees and in winter it is freezing. We were given a bulldozer and a group of common law prisoners to help us (for a couple of years post-democracy the island housed non-political criminals). We cleared the quarry of trash and rubble, then created a ring of large lime stone boulders. We carved a hollow on each boulder that then housed a hammer and a chisel. Leaning against each boulder was a pick. We watched from above as the ex-prisoners entered the quarry. Walter Sisulu was the first to remark the stone, he knew exactly what to do. Later Nelson Mandela and all the luminaries of the ANC remarked the boulders with energy and humour. Finally with dramatic flair the Young Lions from the Soweto uprising shattered the boulders swinging the picks with bravado.
all images & text © David J Brown 2020 | website by Niek de Greef, published by Centre for Curating the Archive at the University of Cape Town
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Review: Ian Nairn: Words in Place & Nairn’s Towns
Ian Nairn: Words in Place by Gillian Darley and David McKie (Five Leaves Publications, 160pp, £10.99)
Nairn’s Towns edited and introduced by Owen Hatherley (Notting Hill Editions, 240pp, £12)
Reviewed by John Grindrod
‘Enter Nairn’ announced the Observer in September 1964, marking the appointment of their new Roving Correspondent on architecture and planning. Penguin guidebooks Nairn’s London and Nairn’s Paris followed in quick succession, and within a decade the BBC had aired documentaries including Nairn’s Europe and Nairn at Large. Nairn, as with Pevsner and Betjeman before him, had quickly become a brand. Yet when Ian Nairn, the man behind this work, died in 1983, all these things were just as quickly on their way to being forgotten.
Two recently published books complete what has been a slow yet miraculous restoration of his reputation and work. His 1967 BBC publication Britain’s Changing Towns has just been reissued as (what else) Nairn’s Towns. It’s joined by Gillian Darley and David McKie’s celebration and introduction to the man and his writing: Ian Nairn: Words in Place.
Darley and McKie present Ian Nairn as a brilliant, shambolic, romantic critic frequently at odds with a world of rationality and philistinism. As befits a book on one of the great observational writers of his day, their descriptions are delicious: he turns up in a documentary ‘in a suit which doesn’t quite fit and a drab-looking tie, his hair adrift, his hands in his pockets, his expression located somewhere on the slope down from melancholy to lugubrious’. And, for a relatively short book, there’s plenty of eye-opening detail about the man and his world, from his love of flying Gloster Meteors for the RAF and getting a pilot’s-eye view of the English landscape, to the politics and hierarchies of the architectural press in the fifties. They take us through his career in Fleet Street and publishing in the sixties, and on to television in the seventies.
The story of Outrage, his campaigning diatribe against what he termed ‘subtopia’, is told through exchanges of ideas with John Betjeman and open resentment with Reyner Banham. Along the way we also meet Jane Jacobs, with whom he partially agrees, and Nikolaus Pevsner, with whom he forms a slightly awkward odd-couple routine on the eminent critic’s Buildings of England series. This is not an entirely flattering portrait. Chiefly, of course, there’s the drink. It’s a rapid decline: by the mid-seventies alcoholism had made work, and Nairn himself, quite impossible.
We don’t just see Nairn through the eyes of Darley and McKie. There are short preambles to each chapter from long-time Nairn admirers Jonathan Meades, Owen Hatherley, Gavin Stamp, Veronica Horwell, David Thomson, Andrew Saint, Deyan Sudjic and Jonathan Glancey. These heartfelt pieces illustrate how Nairn’s spirit survived those lean years, in the work of a younger generation of architectural critics. With so many voices and tonal shifts, you might expect to feel the gears crunching, like a trip in Nairn’s old Morris Minor. Instead, it’s like a gathering of friends down the pub raising a glass to the man, celebrating him with colourful anecdote. Ian Nairn: Words in Place is a wonderful book, precise on his passions and outrages, making you want to read his work afresh. It even contains some of his photography, with a great visual gag to start and end with, which I won’t spoil.
One of the people most responsible in the upturn in Nairn’s posthumous fortunes has been Owen Hatherley, and as Hatherley’s star has risen so he has pulled Nairn with him, and a great service it has done us all. As well as contributing to Words in Place, he has edited, updated and produced a new introduction to Nairn’s Towns, as an exquisitely produced little hardback.
These are pieces Nairn wrote for the Listener magazine between 1960 and 1964, on sixteen places from Derry to Norwich, Brighton to Fife. He added a postscript to each for the 1967 edition, and Hatherley has added a further note to each too, bringing the tale of each town up to date. Nairn is at his best here: quixotic, incisive and funny. His piece on Glasgow and Cumbernauld is probably my favourite: the 1960 article describing the city as ‘a topographical epic… like a Beethoven symphony played over 150 years’. His 1967 postscript is heartbroken at Glasgow’s ‘fearsome’ redevelopment: ‘In the Gorbals, Robert Matthew’s blocks wouldn’t say boo to a goose and Basil Spence’s monolith is saying boo to everything.’
It’s a small masterpiece, capturing a Britain in transition. The towns are so altered between the early and late sixties that the perspective of his postscripts really shows his art: the acute eye, the astute phrase, the adroit analysis. Both books illuminate that post-war time, when our cities were lit up by the brilliance of Ian Nairn. May all his books find their way back into print, and soon.
Nine C20 Structures on Historic England’s Top Pick List for 2019
We were delighted to see nine twentieth century buildings and structures making the news over Christmas and the New… More…
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Board index ‹ The Arm-Chair Cafe ‹ History
Historical likelihood for civil war between the people & the
This Forum is to discuss History and to annoy Fansy and Nowonmai by existing at all.
by Woodsman » Fri Dec 05, 2014 2:23 am
I am beginning to wonder about the possibilities of a war between the people of US & the local, state & federal governments as these police keep getting off for killing people. There have been 4 major incidents recently that have gotten full media spotlight. What are your thoughts?
Life is short. Eat, Drink & Be Merry!
BFCus Regularus
Location: Enchanted forests
Re: Historical likelihood for civil war between the people &
by coldharvest » Fri Dec 05, 2014 6:14 pm
Oftentimes have I heard you speak of one who commits a wrong as though he were not one of you, but a stranger unto you and an intruder upon your world.
But I say that even as the holy and the righteous cannot rise beyond the highest which is in each one of you,
So the wicked and the weak cannot fall lower than the lowest which is in you also. -Kahlil Gibran
Nobody can give you freedom. Nobody can give you equality or justice or anything. If you're a man, you take it. - Malcolm X
The tree of liberty must be refreshed from time to time with the blood of patriots and tyrants.- Thomas Jefferson
I prefer the tumult of liberty to the quiet of servitude.- Thomas Jefferson
My Son, Freedom is best, I tell thee true, of all things to be won. Then never live within the Bond of Slavery. -William Wallace
I know the law. And I have spent my entire life in its flagrant disregard.
coldharvest
Location: Island of Misfit Toys
by OneLungMcClung » Mon Dec 08, 2014 7:52 am
The short version: No.
When you say “war” you likely mean open combat, small arms fire and IEDs, assassinations, a rebel group or loose alliance of people fighting against someone/some entity and for something. We are hardly anywhere near that.
What would this war’s ultimate goal be? For cops to stop killing citizens? How would shooting cops and bombing police stations achieve that? We are home to the most militarized and paramilitary police force in the developed world. This is not an issue of armed forces facing off, nor one of asymmetric warfare, it is not a case of diametrically opposed principals; the core problem here is instead one of disconnect: the police have the job of keeping the peace in increasingly impoverished neighborhoods and are doing it with outdated tactics, and equipment heavy mentality.
Keeping the peace - how does one do that? By recruiting officers of a different race, up arming them, and sending them in to kick ass? Hardly. LAPD was like that all throughout the 1970’s to the 1990’s. Predominantly white, mostly ex-military, heavily armed, these cops took a no-holds barred attitude of kicking people’s asses to keep them in line. Humiliation, beatings, arrests, these were the tools used. And it produced what you would expect: anger in the community. That produced the LA riots…. and a renaissance in LAPD policing. Yes, they can still be dirty bastards, but the reality is that when LAPD started putting more Black, Latino and Asian officers on the streets, and those cops were older (late 20’s early 30’s instead of 22 year olds), and trained on how to talk, you started to see a change in the outcome of policing. Atlanta had the same problem: generally 50% to 65% black, the city was patrolled by an almost all white police force. This would yield problems, as you would expect. Black cops and mixed units made a difference. Atlanta isn’t the sunshine city by any means (and neither is LA), but things got better from a societal standpoint.
That’s what you’ll see here, a continuation of the circle. We need to head back to the community policing model championed by LAPD. Right now we are regressing back to a paramilitary style of policing. It is a by-product of equipment mentality: post 9/11 meant dollars, dollars and dollars that had to be spent. It meant access to military grade equipment: M-16s for everybody, grenade launchers, and armored vehicles. It meant training: training that was developed by Special Forces and the CIA (counter insurgency training, as well as Direct Action urban warfare and building entry tactics that outclassed even LAPD/LA Sheriff’s SWAT tactics and those of FBI’s HRT). Small town cops are getting big war training. Anyone who has worked a Federal job knows that you have to keep spending that money on equipment and training or you don’t get it next fiscal cycle. So that is a self-fulfilling prophecy: a militarized police force with a shit-ton of equipment and training in the shadows of two counter-insurgency wars, that has to keep spending that money on that stuff or it gets cut off from the tit.
Meanwhile, back home, the rich get richer, and the poor get poorer. What’s a police officer to do? You react the way you are trained.
Ferguson was an example of left-wing media making a problem where there wasn’t one to begin with: a man charged a police officer and tried to take his firearm, and got shot in the process. Cut and dried. But the media made damn sure you knew it was a BLACK “kid” (6’4” 300 lbs), made damn sure you knew it was a WHITE police officer, and made damn sure that it was portrayed, every so softly, as a racist event. They didn’t state much about who taught this “child” to fight with the police, who taught him to rob stores. They didnt talk much about the alternatives that Ferguson needs to proceed with: changes in recruiting, changes in tactics and equipment. A Taser might have made a difference here.
I've had two tasered patients in the last month, both under arrest by Philly PD. Both times, the cops said "If we didn't have these tasers, we would have shot him". It may not have stopped this incident, but you gotta give cops the right tools.
Cleveland? The city obviously needs to redo their background checks and 911 dispatch protocols. My experience with 911 dispatch here in Killadelphia has been morbidly comical – they quite often mumble, get the calls wrong, and occasionally call the wrong hospital. I’m glad I’m not a cop, but especially here. But back to Cleveland: This cop was apparently not fit for hire at another agency, and found to be “sorely lacking” at Cleveland PD. Plus their dispatchers fucked it up and forgot to tell the little part about this maybe being a kid with a maybe toy gun. So officers rolled on a hot call of man with a gun at a playground.... but once again the media fanned the fire: you know it’s a white cop and a little black kid. A tragedy of errors that gets turned into a racist execution by a cracker cop.
New York? Now we’re getting somewhere…. Sort of. Cops use a choke hold (which is not authorized in multiple departments for the very reason of what happened here)… and it looks like NYPD needs to address its use of force policy. But why did it get to choke hold time? Racist ass cracker cop.. or angry black man and police officer who won’t be talked back to? You decide.
You might see a few police officers murdered by self-righteous fools. These assholes will be quickly killed or arrested and given life without parole or the death penalty, as they deserve. The “revolution” will be in police tactics, as more and more people get hurt by the cops and more and more civic leaders cry out for change. We live in the era of the mini camera, so you screw up, and it’s on YouTube immediately. Also, the equipment mentality will slow down as those Federal dollar start to dry up (it already is – the same cuts to the Military are cutting deeply into DHS spending).
War? Hardly. It would take a concerted effort by the US government to drive Americans to armed revolution. And the government isn't that organized.
Money Talks...
OneLungMcClung
by Woodsman » Wed Dec 10, 2014 3:37 pm
Thanks for your input men - I think this whole police brutality thing (along with the torture documents) is a media highlight of some intermittent (but serious) problems of current day USA.
I made the error of focusing on it a bit - back to proper focus of tending lands.
There's always improvements to be made I guess.
It's good to hear from you McClung!
by Kurt » Fri Dec 12, 2014 3:20 pm
The US will never have a Civil War.
But, we might be in line for a massacre or two.
Historically the masscres in the US always had a native American vs. Settlers or Mormon vs. Not-Mormon or just killing Unionists and Coal minors because you could not stand uppity Dagos and Heathen Chinee asserting themsevles to get fairly paid for their labor.
A few deviated from that "Cowboys" rarely massacred indians. They liked to murder farmers. The last union based massacre would have been around 1972 in Harlan County in Kentucky (a small one but still) and of course Kent State, and Greensboro.
I would look for more massacres along the line of "Mormons" vs outsiders (but not by Mormons hence the quotes) and "Kent State".
The right wing in the US, not the strict constitutionalists that I admire and will usually side with, but the Sarah Palin type wing will probably massacre "leftists" one day. They are always saying "our side has the guns" and they tend to be chickenshits in every other aspect of life, and give a chickenshit a gun and a mirror that shows what a chickenshit they are and they are gonna shoot that mirror.
It will happen one day among a group of "counter protestors" who decide it is best, like what happened in Greensboro where the commies made the mistake of "taking on the Klan" when the actual Klan had not done much of anything for 10 years other than pretend they were relevent.
If it happens it will happen like that. The Palin wing of the conservatives will protest something and then a few leftists will counter protest them. It will be in a "gun state" like Arizona where people have been tolerated in the past carrying rifles in public and the protestors will have signs and masks and not much else and kablooey...someone will yell "I am afraid for my life" and there will be blood.
English Bespoke Tailor New York City
Integrity Diligence, Investigations, Fact Finding, Corporate Intelligence
In Manus Manus
by Kurt » Sun Sep 17, 2017 2:46 am
Kurt wrote: The US will never have a Civil War.
I kind of got this. Not a massacre though, but I am sure they would have liked it to be one.
by AztecDave » Sat Sep 23, 2017 2:46 pm
Since 9/11, I think there has been a gross over militarization of city police forces in general. And the development of a like mindset within a lot of forces. They all wanna be Rambos in multicam.
Unfortunately, the maturity, and i think, training, of a lot of officers is severely lacking. So you get the shoot first mentality. This past summer I was in the US visiting my family. Met up with my cousin who is a SWAT officer for a VERY large US metropolitan city. He was driving his extra large SWAT SUV, all black. He said he need it to carry all his shit. I asked him why he didn't drive a minivan, because you can carry hell of a lot more shit in a Toyota Sienna than in a Chevy Suburban. I know, I have 1 of each. Well, a minivan isn't quite as macho and intimidating, or cool, as a blacked out urban assault vehicle. He showed me his arsenal that he drove around with all the time. He had an H&K M4, a Kimber .45 cal 1911, Remington short barrel shotgun, about a dozen flash bangs, same number of smoke grenades, 2 different bullet proof vests, 1 with ceramic plates for up to 7.62 rounds, and a 40mm grenade launcher with an integral 7 round capacity drum (sorry, don't know the nomenclature of the model but it looked a lot like the one used int he movie "Dogs of War"). And other misc shit. Now I know he's a member of SWAT but he also told me that most of the squad cars carried a similar load. That is just ridiculous. He carried more shit than I did when I was in Afghanistan. But when cops are armed like this, there is an increased mentality to use them, or at least shoot too soon. Cops should ere on the side of being Sheriff Andy Taylor, not Rambo. The last incident, I understand the cops shot a deaf guy carrying a pipe. Was the guy attacking the cops with it? Or did he just not drop it when they told him to?
But to the point of a civil war, I don't think so.
The real Army, composed entirely of young enthusiasts in camouflage uniforms, from whom impossible efforts would be demanded and to whom all sorts of tricks would be taught. That's the army in which I should like to fight.”
― Jean Lartéguy
AztecDave
by ROB » Mon Sep 25, 2017 2:00 am
Too many Americans think they won a war of independence when it was actually the French.
Messes up their perspective.
by Kurt » Tue Sep 26, 2017 8:31 pm
ROB wrote: Too many Americans think they won a war of independence when it was actually the French.
Alliances plus brilliant retreats won the war. Washington was a brilliant general because he knew how to run a small, poorly equipped army..which was retreat until you can get them into a battlefield of your choice.
Its sort of like saying the Russians and The Americans won WWII and not the Brits. The Brits won it, but because of alliances. And if you can get your allies to do a lot of fighting then its all the better.
The real perspective is that during the American Revolution is that the Average American on the farm really did not give a shit who won.
Historical likelihood for civil war between the people the
by russlits » Tue Dec 04, 2018 8:05 pm
The Russian Front with Ian Kershaw is showing on Ozzie cable at present.
What do our Russian friends think of this series?
russlits
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Canadian Rugby Club Championship
Finals August 2-4 at Fletcher's Field, Markham, Ontario
About the Championship
We’d like to hear your comments on the inaugural Canadian Rugby Club Championship. Tell us something you liked and something you would like to see improved?
A little background on the CRCC. It is funded by the Canadian Rugby Foundation with an initial outlay of $50K, that money mostly covers the cost of moving teams around the country to play the preliminary games and then meet in one location for a four team tournament.
The 2019 tournament will be in Toronto and will be for women’s club teams. The next men’s competition will be in 2020, with the location to be determined.
12 Replies to “Feedback”
Judy Seddon says:
What will the timing be for a women’s championship? Their seasons tend to finish before the end of August with many players committed to CIS.
#thefufure says:
What was the goal? Did you achieve your goal?
Does this help the growth and development of Rugby? And help the National team?
Do you see this growing to future national Male and possible female players?
Was it cost effective?
Year one great work enthusiasm and support from great rugby men. Well done them men.
Brennan says:
1) First of all, thanks to the Canadian Rugby Foundation, other organizers, spectators, refs., Capilano RFC, and…Tim; I had a blast this weekend.
2) Although it was fun to play against elite level competition, I agree with “viewer”:
“There should be no imported players, especially for the hosting team. It should only be true club players. If a club is having trouble traveling due to family, work, school, etc. Then they should be allowed to pick up some local players to help out. ”
This competition, as I understand, was to place the best “clubs” in competition with one another, not to see who can build the best regional team. Perhaps consider changing the rule to, “any travelling team may pick up 4 regionally specific/former club players,” with respect to the difficulties associated with attending the tournament: travel, work, school, expense, commitments.
That being said, I don’t believe preventing the local club from adding their additional players would have changed the win-loss record of any team from this past weekend (although the scoreline would have been easier to send home to your loved ones! ).
3) Also, this inaugural tournament proved that there needs to be a disciplinary committee ready and willing to meet on the day in between games to discuss infractions, red cards, etc. Having to wait for BC rugby to decide on a red-carded player’s status means that the player automatically misses the Sunday game because BC rugby won’t meet until the first of the week (was there no representation of BC rugby at this major tournament??).
All in all, great tournament. Tremendous effort, especially by rugby standards of organization, to throw together a great tournament. I hope this keeps going. Too many good ideas for rugby fall apart in this country, and it is my hope that with Rugby Canada Foundation’s involvement, this won’t be one of them.
Hope to see everyone in 2 years.
Fun or high performance?
Viewer says:
Have to feel bad for the boys who have played for the ravens all season and didn’t get a chance to win the trophy with their team. The import rule should be used to assist travelling clubs, or in the case of a shortage of players. It seems unfair that the hosts loaded their team with professionals, while other teams brought the same players they have been playing with all season.
ALL the players for the RAVENS aside from Connor Braid and Nakai Penny are Ravens Club Members, many have PR status and don’t count as imports in the CDI Premiere League. The team recruits better and have a great culture. Other teams cant hate on the success.
My name is Sean Ferguson and I have been playing for the Ravens for 4 years. The only thing that has been disappointing about this tournament is the comments I have been reading since our first game. Our club has come a long way over the past few years and worked extremely hard in the hopes of being what it is today. When the rules were stated, I personally asked if I could invite my best friend and form team Canada teammate if he wanted to come over and play together again (Connor Braid) I explained that it is probably our last couple games together before we hang up the boots up for good, so he jumped at the chance. We also invited Nakia Penny, who would have like to join us this year but is living on the island and there fore playing for another club. I am a bit ashamed of the rugby community and their comments in regards to the rule. We were short a few bodies due to injury and have even bigger games coming up so we used the rule to assist us in fielding a team and for my own personal hopes. It was wonderful playing with my best friend again after I retired from the sevens team a few years ago but in no way did we cheat the system. Also, we live in Canada, so of course we have players from other countries.
Let’s try and make the tournament better, not beat everyone down who worked hard in the games and in organizing the event.
Team Player says:
No imported players , true club members only or it kind of ruins the meaning of the tournament. Also round robin to play each team would make more sense. It’s club play not provincial teams
There should be no imported players, especially for the hosting team. It should only be true club players. If a club is having trouble traveling due to family, work, school, etc. Then they should be allowed to pick up some local players to help out. Two imported players for the hosting team were best back and forward of the tournament, this shows the true impact of the rule.
bottom line is every club that attends should do everything in their power to bring their true club because it is a Club Championship.
Also, maybe the idea of doing a round robin tournament. That way every club has a chance to play each other.
Dave Logan says:
The stream was a great addition and should be focused on to ensure fans around the country get a chance to be a part of the Championship.
Disinterested Viewpoint says:
1) Overall: Just below excellent.
2) Remove 4 import player and formulate a club eligibility rule for players. It should be easy to track movement with Sportlomo if you keep the search window to 3 years. ie a minimum of 5 games for the club in each of the previous two years.
Player at the tournament says:
I think this is a really good idea.
Leave a Reply to Sean Cancel reply
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c/o 150-805 Cloverdale Ave Victoria British Columbia V8X2S9
support@canadianclubchampionship.com
About The Canadian Rugby Club Championship
The Championship will be held at Fletcher’s Field in Markham, Ontario from Aug 2-4 2019. It will bring together the four top clubs from each region of Canada.
Sponsored by Canadian Rugby Foundation
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Nei critical of tests for detecting selection in humans
The paper isn't online yet (post will be updated when it is) so it's not clear which studies come under criticism. From the press release, it seems that there are at least two problems detected: tests using ratios of synonymous/nonsynonymous mutations, and small sample size numbers. As always, I am very fond of this type of whistle-blowing paper that examines a widely, but uncritically used technique which has formed the basis of numerous recent studies.
Nei said that for many years he has suspected that the statistical methods were faulty. "The methods assume that when natural selection occurs the number of nucleotide substitutions that lead to changes in amino acids is significantly higher than the number of nucleotide substitutions that do not result in amino acid changes," he said. "But this assumption may be wrong. Actually, the majority of amino acid substitutions do not lead to functional changes, and the adaptive change of a protein often occurs by a rare amino acid substitution. For this reason, statistical methods may give erroneous conclusions." Nei also believes that the methods are inaccurate when the number of nucleotide substitutions observed is small.
To demonstrate the faultiness of the statistical methods, Nei's team compiled data collected by their Emory University colleague, Shozo Yokoyama, on the genes that control the abilities of fish to see light at different water depths and on the genes that control color vision in a variety of animals. The team used these data to compare statistically predicted sites of natural selection with experimentally determined sites. They found that the statistical methods rarely predicted the actual sites of natural selection, which had been identified by Yokoyama through experiments. "In some cases, statistical method completely failed to identify the true sites where natural selection occurred," said Nei. "This particular exercise demonstrated the difficulty with which statistical methods are able to detect natural selection."
To demonstrate how small sample sizes can lead to incorrect results, the team used computer simulations to examine the evolution of genes in three primates: humans, chimpanzees, and macaques. The scientists mimicked the procedures used by the authors of a 2007 paper, which applied the branch-site method to 14,000 orthologous genes -- genes that are genealogically identical among different species -- and which found that the method predicted selection in 32 of the genes. Nei and his team also studied selection using Fisher's exact test, but this test did not detect any selection. "The results indicate that the number of nucleotide substitutions that occurred were too small to detect any selection; therefore, all of the 32 cases obtained by the branch-site method must be false positives," said Nozawa.
PNAS doi:10.1073/pnas.0901855106
Reliabilities of identifying positive selection by the branch-site and the site-prediction methods
Masafumi Nozawa et al.
Natural selection operating in protein-coding genes is often studied by examining the ratio (ω) of the rates of nonsynonymous to synonymous nucleotide substitution. The branch-site method (BSM) based on a likelihood ratio test is one of such tests to detect positive selection for a predetermined branch of a phylogenetic tree. However, because the number of nucleotide substitutions involved is often very small, we conducted a computer simulation to examine the reliability of BSM in comparison with the small-sample method (SSM) based on Fisher's exact test. The results indicate that BSM often generates false positives compared with SSM when the number of nucleotide substitutions is ≈80 or smaller. Because the ω value is also used for predicting positively selected sites, we examined the reliabilities of the site-prediction methods, using nucleotide sequence data for the dim-light and color vision genes in vertebrates. The results showed that the site-prediction methods have a low probability of identifying functional changes of amino acids experimentally determined and often falsely identify other sites where amino acid substitutions are unlikely to be important. This low rate of predictability occurs because most of the current statistical methods are designed to identify codon sites with high ω values, which may not have anything to do with functional changes. The codon sites showing functional changes generally do not show a high ω value. To understand adaptive evolution, some form of experimental confirmation is necessary.
Labels Evolution, Homo sapiens, Natural selection
Quantifying the extent of possible Neandertal introgression
The absence of Neandertal mtDNA sequences in modern Europeans argues against large-scale admixture between Cro-Magnoids and Neandertals. On the other hand, this could be explained if there was a selective advantage of Cro-Magnoid mtDNA types. Thus, the survival of ancient Cro-Magnoid (but not Neanderthal) mtDNA into modern Europeans does not in itself demonstrate the absence of admixture, although it certainly makes it more likely.
mtDNA is implicated in energy production of the body, and a selective advantage is not inconceivable, perhaps associated with fluctuations in temperature that may have weeded out cold-adapted Neanderthal mitotypes.
Alternatively, Neanderthal mothers may have been at a disadvantage when it came to bearing offspring from Cro-Magnoid fathers, due to some incompatibility of the genomes (or body types) of the two species, a stronger version of what happens in modern humans of different races.
Ultimately, detecting Neandertal introgression will have to involve the detection of a genetic variant in Neandertal remains, that is not found in the earliest Cro-Magnoid remains, but is found in modern humans. Given the very small samples of both species, this may, in fact be quite difficult.
Thus, I don't anticipate the question of Neandertal introgression to be settled any time soon, although the continued absence of a "smoking gun" may ultimately lead scientists to accept the absence (or quantitative insignificance) of any such admixture event.
Heredity doi:10.1038/hdy.2008.103
Comparing models on the genealogical relationships among Neandertal, Cro-Magnoid and modern Europeans by serial coalescent simulations
E M S Belle et al.
Populations of anatomically archaic (Neandertal) and early modern (Cro-Magnoid) humans are jointly documented in the European fossil record, in the period between 40 000 and 25 000 years BP, but the large differences between their cultures, morphologies and DNAs suggest that the two groups were not close relatives. However, it is still unclear whether any genealogical continuity between them can be ruled out. Here, we simulated a broad range of demographic scenarios by means of a serial coalescence algorithm in which Neandertals, Cro-Magnoids and modern Europeans were either part of the same mitochondrial genealogy or of two separate genealogies. Mutation rates, population sizes, population structure and demographic growth rates varied across simulations. All models in which anatomically modern (that is, Cro-Magnoid and current) Europeans belong to a distinct genealogy performed better than any model in which the three groups were assigned to the same mitochondrial genealogy. The maximum admissible level of gene flow between Neandertals and the ancestors of current Europeans is 0.001% per generation, one order of magnitude lower than estimated in previous studies not considering genetic data on Cro-Magnoid people.
Labels Admixture, ancient DNA, Homo sapiens, mtDNA, Neanderthals
Long Live the 25th of March 1821
Labels Greece, Greeks, History
Slavopaionian propaganda video + Stephen Miller's excellent letter to Archaeology magazine
Last year, when the "Macedonian issue" was in the news, due to FYROM's NATO candidacy I proposed that the issue could be resolved if FYROM accepted a compromise in the "name issue" that would qualify "Macedonia" with an appropriate geographical disambiguating adjective.
Events since that time have further strengthened my belief that no compromise is possible any more with our neighbors to the north, who refuse to budge even to the slightest degree in their stubborn adherence to their invented identity.
If you are in doubt of the degree of irrationality present in FYROM, this official video in state TV will change your mind:
The part at 04:25 is especially strange, where the narrator announces that one of the three races of mankind are the "Whites-Macedonoids" who spread to the "Sea of Japan", but the whole thing has a lunatic vibe to it.
On a more positive note, Prof. Stephen G. Miller's letter to Archaeology magazine is a welcome scholarly demolition of the Slavomacedonians' invented history.
I opened the January/February issue of Archaeology today and eagerly turned to “A Letter from Macedonia” only to discover that it was actually a letter from ancient Paionia – the land north of Mt. Barmous and Mt. Orbelos. Livy’s account of the creation of the Roman province of Macedonia (45.29.7 and 12) makes clear that the Paionians lived north of those mountains (which form today the geographically natural northern limits of Greece) and south of the Dardanians who were in today’s Kosovo. Strabo (7. frag 4) is even more succinct in saying that Paionia was north of Macedonia and the only connection from one to the other was (and is today) through the narrow gorge of the Axios (or Vardar) River. In other words, the land which is described by Matthew Brunwasser in his “Owning Alexander” was Paionia in antiquity.
While it is true that those people were subdued by Philip II, father of Alexander, in 359 B.C. (Diodorus Siculus 16.4.2), they were never Macedonians and never lived in Macedonia. Indeed, Demosthenes (Olynthian 1.23) tells us that they were “enslaved” by the Macedonian Philip and clearly, therefore, not Macedonians. Isokrates (5.23) makes the same point. Likewise, for example, the Egyptians who were subdued by Alexander may have been ruled by Macedonians, including the famous Cleopatra, but they were never Macedonians themselves, and Egypt was never called Macedonia (and so far as I can tell does not seek that name today).
Certainly, as Thucydides (2.99) tells us, the Macedonians had taken over “a narrow strip of Paionia extending along the Axios river from the interior to Pella and the sea”. One might therefore understand if the people in the modern republic centered at Skopje called themselves Paionians and claimed as theirs the land described by Thucydides.
But why, instead, would the modern people of ancient Paionia try to call themselves Macedonians and their land Macedonia? Mr. Brunwasser (p. 55) touches on the Greek claims “that it implies ambitions over Greek territory” and he notes that “the northern province of Greece is also called Macedonia.” Leaving aside the fact that the area of that northern province of modern Greece has been called Macedonia for more than 2,500 years (see, inter alios, Herodotus 5.17; 7.128, et alibi), more recent history shows that the Greek concerns are legitimate. For example, a map produced in Skopje in 1992 (Figure 1) shows clearly the claim that Macedonia extends from there to Mt. Olympus in the south; that is, combining the ancient regions of Paionia and Macedonia into a single entity. The same claim is explicit on a pseudo-bank note of the Republic of Macedonia which shows, as one of its monuments, the White Tower of Thessalonike, in Greece (Figure 2). There are many more examples of calendars, Christmas cards, bumper-stickers, etc., that all make the same claim.
Further, Mr. Brunwasser has reported with approval (International Herald Tribune 10/1/08) the work of the “Macedonian Institute for Strategic Research 16:9”, the name of which refers “to Acts 16:9, a verse in the New Testament in which a Macedonian man appears to the Apostle Paul begging him: ‘Come over into Macedonia, and help us.’” But where did Paul go in Macedonia? Neapolis (Kavala), Philippi, Amphipolis, Apollonia, Thessaloniki, and Veroia (Acts 16:11-17:10) all of which are in the historic Macedonia, none in Paionia. What claim is being made by an Institute based in Skopje that names itself for a trip through what was Macedonia in antiquity and what is the northern province of Greece today?
I wonder what we would conclude if a certain large island off the southeast coast of the United States started to call itself Florida, and emblazoned its currency with images of Disney World and distributed maps showing the Greater Florida.
Certainly there was no doubt of the underlying point of “Macedonia” in the mind of U.S. Secretary of State Edward Stettinius on December 26, 1944, when he wrote:
“The Department [of State] has noted with considerable apprehension increasing propaganda rumors and semi-official statements in favor of an autonomous Macedonia, emanating principally from Bulgaria, but also from Yugoslav Partisan and other sources, with the implication that Greek territory would be included in the projected state. This government considers talk of Macedonian ”nation”, Macedonian “Fatherland”, or Macedonian “national consciousness” to be unjustified demagoguery representing no ethnic nor political reality, and sees in its present revival a possible cloak for aggressive intentions against Greece.”
[Source: U.S. State Department, Foreign Relations vol viii, Washington, D.C., Circular Airgram (868.014/26Dec1944)]
Mr. Brunwasser (a resident of Bulgaria), however, goes on to state, with apparent distain, that Greece claims “Alexander III of Macedon (Alexander the Great) . . . as Greek.”
This attitude mystifies me. What is there to “claim”? Alexander’s great-great-great grandfather, Alexander I, was certified as Greek at Olympia and, in the words of the father of history “I happen to know that [the forefathers of Alexander] are Greek” (Herodotus 5.22). Alexander’s father, Philip, won several equestrian victories at Olympia and Delphi (Plutarch, Alexander 4.9; Moralia 105A), the two most Hellenic of all the sanctuaries in ancient Greece where non-Greeks were not allowed to compete. If Philip was Greek, wasn’t his son also Greek?
When Euripides – who died and was buried in Macedonia (Thucydides apud Pal. Anth. 7.45; Pausanias 1.2.2; Diodorus Siculus 13.103) – wrote his play Archelaos in honor of the great-uncle of Alexander, did he write it in Slavic? When he wrote the Bacchai while at the court of Archelaos did he not write it in Greek even as it has survived to us? Or should we imagine that Euripides was a “Macedonian” who wrote in Slavic (at a date when that language is not attested) which was translated into Greek?
What was the language of instruction when Aristotle taught Alexander? What language was carried by Alexander with him on his expedition to the East? Why do we have ancient inscriptions in Greek in settlements established by Alexander as far away as Afghanistan, and none in Slavic? Why did Greek become the lingua franca in Alexander’s empire if he was actually a “Macedonian”? Why was the New Testament written in Greek rather than Slavic?
On page 57 of the so-called “Letter from Macedonia” there is a photograph of the author standing “before a bronze statue of Alexander the Great in the city of Prilep.” The statue is patently modern, but the question is whether the real historic Alexander could have read the Slavic inscription beneath his feet. Given the known historic posterity of Slavic to Greek, the answer is obvious.
While Mr. Brunwasser’s reporting of the archaeological work in Paionia is welcome, his adoption and promotion of the modern political stance of its people about the use of the name Macedonia is not only unwelcome, it is a disservice to the readers of Archaeology who are, I imagine, interested in historic fact. But then, the decision to propagate this historical nonsense by Archaeology – a publication of the Archaeological Institute of America - is a disservice to its own reputation.
Let it be said once more: the region of ancient Paionia was a part of the Macedonian empire. So were Ephesos and Tyre and Palestine and Memphis and Babylon and Taxila and dozens more. They may thus have become “Macedonian” temporarily, but none was ever “Macedonia”.
Allow me to end this exegesis by making a suggestion to resolve the question of the modern use of the name “Macedonia.” Greece should annex Paionia – that is what Philip II did in 359 B.C. And that would appear to be acceptable to the modern residents of that area since they claim to be Greek by appropriating the name Macedonia and its most famous man. Then the modern people of this new Greek province could work on learning to speak and read and write Greek, hopefully even as well as Alexander did.
Stephen G. Miller
Professor Emeritus,
PS: For a more complete examination of the ancient evidence regarding Paionia, see I. L. Merker,“The Ancient Kingdom of Paionia,” Balkan Studies 6 (1965) 35-54
My only disagreement with the good professor, is that the Slavs of FYROM do not merit either the name of Macedonians or of Paionians, since they have no ethnic link to either ancient people. They are in fact, largely Bulgarians, but since some of them don't like (or are afraid) to be called such, they should be called Slavopaionians, as is appropriate for Slavs inhabiting the ancient region of Paionia.
Labels Ancient Greek, Bronze Age, Greece, Herodotus, International, Macedonia, Politics, Slavs
Selection in the human genome with HGDP samples
Genetic Future points me to a new paper on signatures of selection in the human genome. Also Gene Expression and John Hawks on the subject, in which he responds to criticism in the paper about his accelerated evolution theory. Go ahead and read these sources for commentary on the paper (which is open view anyway).
I would like to comment on this interesting bit:
In general, we find the evidence for selection on disease risk is not as conclusive as that for selection on pigmentation traits. One parsimonious explanation for this is that However, the role of the genetic architecture of a trait (the number of loci underlying a trait and their effect sizes and frequencies) in how it responds to selection remains largely unexplored. Since the genetic architecture of pigmentation is relatively simple (compared with other complex traits), perhaps a selection signal on this trait is more readily detected because it is selection on disease risk, assuming disease risk is under selection at all, is much weaker than selection on pigmentation.spread across fewer loci. On the other hand, this explanation may confuse cause and effect. Perhaps skin pigmentation has a simpler genetic architecture than other complex traits because it has been subject to recent strong selection—the first moves to a new phenotypic optimum are predicted to be on mutations of large fitness
effect (Orr 2002). So assuming a positive correlation between the effects of an allele on fitness and on a trait, it is also plausible that the relatively simple genetic architecture of skin pigmentation is actually a consequence of the strong selection that has acted on this phenotype. Further work on the interplay between genetic architecture and natural selection is needed to clarify these issues.
In my opinion, there is a fairly clear dependence of pigmentation with environment (exposure to solar radiation) and with geographical latitude. While disease load varied with time and social organization, natural selection for skin pigmentation has been fairly constant: it has always been "better" to possess a dark phenotype in Africa than it is in Europe or Asia.
Depigmentation of Caucasoids and Mongoloids was thus -in all likelihood- a continuous process which invariably resulted in lighter phenotypes compared to the original dark standard. This process initially involved response to reduced solar radiation, but may have been shaped at a later stage by other factors, such as ready access to vitamin D from milk products, or sexual selection for rare phenotypes that seems to have taken hold in northern Europe.
Genome Research doi:10.1101/gr.087577.108
Signals of recent positive selection in a worldwide sample of human populations
Joseph K. Pickrell et al.
Genome-wide scans for recent positive selection in humans have yielded insight into the mechanisms underlying the extensive phenotypic diversity in our species, but have focused on a limited number of populations. Here, we present an analysis of recent selection in a global sample of 53 populations, using genotype data from the Human Genome Diversity-CEPH Panel. We refine the geographic distributions of known selective sweeps, and find extensive overlap between these distributions for populations in the same continental region but limited overlap between populations outside these groupings. We present several examples of previously unrecognized candidate targets of selection, including signals at a number of genes in the NRG–ERBB4 developmental pathway in non-African populations. Analysis of recently identified genes involved in complex diseases suggests that there has been selection on loci involved in susceptibility to type II diabetes. Finally, we search for local adaptation between geographically close populations, and highlight several examples.
Labels Disease, Evolution, Homo sapiens, Natural selection, Pigmentation, SLC24A5, SLC45A2
Dorothy King on Greek homosexuality
PhDiva Dorothy King has just deleted my comments (and one of her own) on her blog post, in which she states:
I love movies, but I sometimes worry that the general public gets a few odd ideas about the ancients from them.
For example in '300' the Spartans dismiss the Athenians for - and I may be paraphrasing - liking little boys. Actually ... whilst many Athenian men seem to have been bisexual, the Spartans institutionalized it as part of their military training and it played a more important role in their society. Greek 'naughty' vases with inscriptions almost all speak of the love of one man for another, and most of those great macho Greek warriors probably slept with more men than they did women given that access to women was limited.
In my response, I cited ancient sources only, yet PhDiva claims that:
I really can't be bothered to deal with 'all Greeks were heterosexual' propaganda by someone advocating using 300 as a source so have deleted a few comments.
This statement is false on two grounds: (i) I did not use "300" as a source; I contested King's criticism thereof on the basis of ancient sources, (ii) I certainly did not claim that "all Greeks were heterosexual", I contested her idea that the Spartans had institutionalized homosexuality, or that homosexuality was generally accepted by the ancient Greeks.
Here are the sources I cited, and which Ms. King has thought merited deletion. In the first one, I disputed King's presentation of homosexuality in Greek vases.
Martin F. Kilmer, Greek Erotica. London: Duckworth, 1993. Pp. xiv + 286; figs. 206. ISBN 0-7156-1519-X.
Reviewed by Keith DeVries, University Museum, University of Pennsylvania (kdevries@sas.upenn.edu).
Kilmer's deliberately narrow focus is an aspect of an overall carefulness of definition and rigor of study which produce solid results. A surprise to him was the relatively low number of male homosexual scenes of copulation: 13 to 15, as opposed to 82 heterosexual ones or, put another way, 18% of the total (using the higher figure). He had expected a stronger showing of the homosexual theme, "given the view scholarship has taken over the last century or so" (p. 173). While, as he says, "we must be cautious how we interpret this," his proportion is in line with that of a theme of red-figure vase painting he doesn't take up, the erotic pursuits by deities, which have been collected by Sophia Kaempf-Dimitriadou in her book Die Liebe der Götter in der attischen Kunst des 5. Jahrhunderts v. Chr. (1979). Of her 393 vase paintings, 14% have a male homosexual content, in the form of gods pursuing mortal adolescents. The finding also is in line with Attic comedies and the extant and known tragedies and satyr plays, where male-female sexuality is the norm, but male homoeroticism not unknown, occasionally being in fact at the dramatic center (as in Aeschylus' The Myrmidons, Euripides' Chrysippos, and presumably Sophokles' satyr play The Erastai of Achilles).
In the second, I disputed her claim of institutionalized Spartan homosexuality as part of the education system. Xenophon (5-4th c. BC writer) wrote:
This passage directly contradicts the idea of institutionalized Spartan homosexuality. So the idea about the Spartans abhorring "boy-love" is supported by the ancient sources and is not as "odd" as Ms. King apparently thinks.
King referred (in her own deleted comment) to Aelius [sic], and Plutarch, authors who postdate Xenophon by half a millennium or more. One has to wonder if Xenophon or these authors are more reliable sources about the state of Spartan society in the 5th c. BC, i.e., the setting of the "300". Would one rely on the attitudes of modern Manhattan residents towards homosexuality to infer the attitudes of early American colonists?
However, even these authors contradict her claim of a sexual nature to the mentoring relationship in Sparta. Aelian:
and Plutarch on the ancient Spartan customs:
Affectionate regard for boys of good character was permissible, but embracing them was held to be disgraceful, on the ground that the affection was for the body and not for the mind. Any man against whom complaint was made of any disgraceful embracing was deprived of all civic rights for life.
I further cited Aristotle who explicitly compared Spartans to Celts:
Again, the license of the Lacedaemonian women defeats the intention of the Spartan constitution, and is adverse to the happiness of the state. For, a husband and wife being each a part of every family, the state may be considered as about equally divided into men and women; and, therefore, in those states in which the condition of the women is bad, half the city may be regarded as having no laws. And this is what has actually happened at Sparta; the legislator wanted to make the whole state hardy and temperate, and he has carried out his intention in the case of the men, but he has neglected the women, who live in every sort of intemperance and luxury. The consequence is that in such a state wealth is too highly valued, especially if the citizen fall under the dominion of their wives, after the manner of most warlike races, except the Celts and a few others who openly approve of male loves.
If the Spartans, or indeed any substantial subset of Greeks "openly approved of male loves", then it is strange indeed that Aristotle would use the Celts as an example.
Furthermore, I cited Diodorus Siculus who makes the comparison more explicit:
The men are much keener on their own sex; they lie around on animal skins and enjoy themselves, with a lover on each side. The extraordinary thing is they haven’t the smallest regard for their personal dignity or self-respect; they offer themselves to other men without the least compunction. Furthermore, this isn’t looked down on, or regarded in any way disgraceful…
Diodorus is surprised at this proclivity. Whether or not his account is true, the passage shows that he apparently did not think that male homosexuality was neutral or even positive.
Perhaps Ms. King is better suited to writing fruit cake recipes, than to serious evidence-based discussion of ancient Greece, for which she obviously has no stomach.
PS: Or, perhaps she can write another book on Greek homosexuality, since her last one on the Elgin Marbles wasn't exactly well-received.
Labels Ancient Greek, Homosexuality
Variability of anatomically modern humans and Out of Africa
This paper touches on a theme I have blogged about before, namely the fact that early Africans did not form a single mating population, a subset of which filtered into Eurasia, but were rather subdivided themselves. This is evidenced by the substantial variability of the first anatomically modern humans:
Our results thus revealed that shape variability of early AMH was highest among all tested groups, i.e., within a sample of the genus Homo embracing the last 1.8 million years. The shortest connections between early AMH are either with other specimens of this group or recent modern humans, for instance, Omo 2 [recently dated to ~195 ka (1)] and LH 18, two of the earliest east African candidates for the emergence of modern human morphology (18), and the Levantine Qafzeh 6 connect with recent Australian aboriginals (cf. ref. 19). We also find a connection between 3,500-km-distant sites in the Levant and northwest Africa, i.e., between the more archaic looking Jebel Irhoud 1 and Skhul 5, whereas Jebel Irhoud 2 connects to recent Europeans. Qafzeh 9 (Levant) is linked to a European UP specimen. We find, however, no single link between Neanderthals and AMH, including Upper Paleolithic specimens.
Our data on neighbors and variability is unsupportive of the strict forms of a single-origin model but does not conflict with another approach, the model of ‘‘isolation by distance,’’ which predicts that genetic and phenotypic dissimilarity increases with geographic distance (24, 29–31). The metapopulation framework would predict the same because frequency and magnitude of genetic exchange would follow the likelihood of 2 populations to meet, which declines with geographical distance from the early AMH epicenter in Africa. Our fossil AMH data, however, suggest that before there was isolation by distance from Africa, there already existed (at least temporally) isolation by distance within Africa during the Pleistocene.
But what about the observed low genetic diversity found in humans?
Genetic diversity among living modern humans is known to be very low when compared with extant apes (32, 33). To reconcile this observation with our proposed metapopulation model within Africa, it is necessary to assume that genetic diversity of early AMH(and maybe even earlier fossil groups of Homo) must have been relatively low as well. The only fossil human group for which such genetic data are available, the Neanderthals, support this contention; their level of genetic variability also is low when compared with living apes (34, 35).
UPDATE: John Hawks discusses the paper.
Early modern human diversity suggests subdivided population structure and a complex out-of-Africa scenario
Philipp Gunz et al.
The interpretation of genetic evidence regarding modern human origins depends, among other things, on assessments of the structure and the variation of ancient populations. Because we lack genetic data from the time when the first anatomically modern humans appeared, between 200,000 and 60,000 years ago, instead we exploit the phenotype of neurocranial geometry to compare the variation in early modern human fossils with that in other groups of fossil Homo and recent modern humans. Variation is assessed as the mean-squared Procrustes distance from the group average shape in a representation based on several hundred neurocranial landmarks and semilandmarks. We find that the early modern group has more shape variation than any other group in our sample, which covers 1.8 million years, and that they are morphologically similar to recent modern humans of diverse geographically dispersed populations but not to archaic groups. Of the currently competing models of modern human origins, some are inconsistent with these findings. Rather than a single out-of-Africa dispersal scenario, we suggest that early modern humans were already divided into different populations in Pleistocene Africa, after which there followed a complex migration pattern. Our conclusions bear implications for the inference of ancient human demography from genetic models and emphasize the importance of focusing research on those early modern humans, in particular, in Africa.
Labels Africa, Australia, Out of Africa, Palaeoafricans, Paleoanthropology
Admixture analysis in Central Europeans
Polish Genetics points me to a new paper in Nature which includes an admixture analysis of Central Europeans. The supplementary data is freely available (pdf).
The IARC study of lung cancer in central Europe was conducted with cancer institutes in 6 countries including Czech Republic (Prague, Olomouc, Brno), Hungary (Borsod, Heves, Szabolcs, Szolnok, Budapest), Poland (Warsaw, Lodz), Romania (Bucharest), Russia (Moscow) and Slovakia (Banska Bystrica, Bratislava, Nitra) between 1998 and 2002.
A little random deviation from the (1,0,0) (Europe, Africa, Asia) point in the triangle plot is expected, and this is visible along the Europe->Africa axis where the presence of any level of Sub-Saharan African ancestry seems improbable. A stronger degree of deviation along the Europe->Asia axis is consistent with a small degree of East Eurasian admixture in these mainly Eastern European populations.
Nature doi:10.1038/nature06885
A susceptibility locus for lung cancer maps to nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunit genes on 15q25
Rayjean J. Hung et al.
Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer death worldwide, with over one million cases annually1. To identify genetic factors that modify disease risk, we conducted a genome-wide association study by analysing 317,139 single-nucleotide polymorphisms in 1,989 lung cancer cases and 2,625 controls from six central European countries. We identified a locus in chromosome region 15q25 that was strongly associated with lung cancer (P = 9 times 10-10). This locus was replicated in five separate lung cancer studies comprising an additional 2,513 lung cancer cases and 4,752 controls (P = 5 times 10-20 overall), and it was found to account for 14% (attributable risk) of lung cancer cases. Statistically similar risks were observed irrespective of smoking status or propensity to smoke tobacco. The association region contains several genes, including three that encode nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunits (CHRNA5, CHRNA3 and CHRNB4). Such subunits are expressed in neurons and other tissues, in particular alveolar epithelial cells, pulmonary neuroendocrine cells and lung cancer cell lines2, 3, and they bind to N'-nitrosonornicotine and potential lung carcinogens4. A non-synonymous variant of CHRNA5 that induces an amino acid substitution (D398N) at a highly conserved site in the second intracellular loop of the protein is among the markers with the strongest disease associations. Our results provide compelling evidence of a locus at 15q25 predisposing to lung cancer, and reinforce interest in nicotinic acetylcholine receptors as potential disease candidates and chemopreventative targets5.
Labels Admixture, Clusters, Disease, Europe, Genomics, Polish, Race
Ancient mtDNA of Wari and post-Wari populations from the Andes
Wikipedia on the Wari culture.
American Journal of Physical Anthropology doi:10.1002/ajpa.21037
Genetic continuity after the collapse of the Wari empire: Mitochondrial DNA profiles from Wari and post-Wari populations in the ancient Andes
Brian M. Kemp et al.
The Wari empire flourished in the central, highland Peruvian Andes from AD 600-1000, and although the events that led to its demise are unknown, archaeological evidence indicates that Wari control waned at the end of the first millennium. Here, we test the hypothesis that, despite the major shift in social and political organization at the fall of the Wari empire, the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) composition of populations from the Ayacucho Basin, the former imperial heartland of the empire, remained essentially unchanged. Results show that mtDNA haplogroup frequencies among the Wari and post-Wari groups differ, but the difference is not statistically significant (2 = 5.886, df = 3, P = 0.1172). This is the first study in the Andes to use haplotypic data to evaluate the observed genetic distance between two temporally distinct prehispanic populations (FST = 0.029) against modeled expectations of four possible evolutionary scenarios. None of these simulations allowed the rejection of continuity. In total, at both the haplogroup and haplotype levels these data do not allow us to reject the hypothesis that post-Wari individuals sampled in this study are the maternal descendants of those sampled from the Wari era site of Conchopata. However, genetic homogeneity in the mitochondrial gene pool, as seen in the late prehispanic southern Andes, may also characterize our study region. But, prior to this research, this was unknown. If our new data show mtDNA homogeneity, then this could limit the detection of female migration if, in fact, it occurred. Nonetheless, the novel mtDNA data presented here currently do not support the hypothesis that there was an influx of genetically distinct females into the former Wari heartland after the Wari collapse. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2009. © 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Labels America, ancient DNA, Hispanic, mtDNA, Peru, Wari
mtDNA and mental illness
Mitochondrial Variants in Schizophrenia, Bipolar Disorder, and Major Depressive Disorder
Brandi Rollins et al.
Mitochondria provide most of the energy for brain cells by the process of oxidative phosphorylation. Mitochondrial abnormalities and deficiencies in oxidative phosphorylation have been reported in individuals with schizophrenia (SZ), bipolar disorder (BD), and major depressive disorder (MDD) in transcriptomic, proteomic, and metabolomic studies. Several mutations in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequence have been reported in SZ and BD patients.
Methodology/Principal Findings
Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) from a cohort of 77 SZ, BD, and MDD subjects and age-matched controls (C) was studied for mtDNA sequence variations and heteroplasmy levels using Affymetrix mtDNA resequencing arrays. Heteroplasmy levels by microarray were compared to levels obtained with SNaPshot and allele specific real-time PCR. This study examined the association between brain pH and mtDNA alleles. The microarray resequencing of mtDNA was 100% concordant with conventional sequencing results for 103 mtDNA variants. The rate of synonymous base pair substitutions in the coding regions of the mtDNA genome was 22% higher (p = 0.0017) in DLPFC of individuals with SZ compared to controls. The association of brain pH and super haplogroup (U, K, UK) was significant (p = 0.004) and independent of postmortem interval time.
Focusing on haplogroup and individual susceptibility factors in psychiatric disorders by considering mtDNA variants may lead to innovative treatments to improve mitochondrial health and brain function.
Labels Disease, haplogroup, mtDNA, Psychology
Decline of inbreeding over time?
Genetic Future points me to a new paper which aims to show that there has been a decrease in consanguinity over the large century or so.
Such an effect may indeed be real, as higher mobility has increased opportunities for mating between individuals from distant locations. However, the paper is completely ignoring an alternative explanation which may contribute, at least in part, to the observed data.
The authors studied the genomes of individuals of different ages for runs of homozygosity (ROH), i.e., continuous regions of DNA where the two strands are identical to each other. Such regions are typical of inbred individuals, who inherit identical big chunks of genetic material from both parents -- these chunks can be traced to recent common ancestors shared by these parents.
They were able to discover that older individuals had more significant ROHs than younger ones. Ergo -according to them- older generations had more inbred individuals than more recent ones: inbreeding has decreased over time.
There is, however, one catch to this whole argument: older individuals (and they tested individuals up to 99 years of age) are not a random sample of their generations: they are the survivors, the people whose genetic makeup allowed them to reach old age.
Is there any reason to think that surviving older people are similar in terms of their ROHs to the now-dead members of their generation? Here are some relevant data:
Increase of homozygosity in centenarians revealed by a new inter-Alu PCR technique
a significant increase in homozygote genotypes frequency was observed in centenarians. These counterintuitive results suggest that increased homozygosity contributes to human longevity.
The Unusual Genetics of Human Longevity
In no species other than humans do cultural, social, and biological factors interact with each other in modulating complex phenotypes. Thus, the identification of genetic factors that affect human longevity is a true challenge. The model of centenarians provides us a unique opportunity to tackle this challenge. In this Perspective, we discuss some recent findings (the impact of geography and demography on the longevity phenotype, the relationship between longevity and homozygosity, the role of the nuclear-mitochondrial genome cross-talk) by which new ideas are suggested, such as the concept of a complex allele timing as a pivotal process in modulating the probability of achieving longevity.
Homozygosity - not always a bad thing
“Longevity seems to be linked to homozygosity,” Passarino says. This may be because certain copies of some genes boost lifespan, and carrying two of them doubles the effect. A number of DNA analyses have located regions of the genome where centenarians show an unusually high level of homozygosity, he says.
The conclusion: inbreeding may have decreased over time, but testing the homozygosity of people who are alive today is no way to demonstrate it. Direct genomic testing of people from 100 years ago seems plausible, and may disclose whether increase of autozygosity with age is due to reduced inbreeding over time, or to increased lifespan of homozygous individuals.
PLoS Genetics doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1000415
Measures of Autozygosity in Decline: Globalization, Urbanization, and Its Implications for Medical Genetics
Michael A. Nalls et al.
This research investigates the influence of demographic factors on human genetic sub-structure. In our discovery cohort, we show significant demographic trends for decreasing autozygosity associated with population variation in chronological age. Autozygosity, the genomic signature of consanguinity, is identifiable on a genome-wide level as extended tracts of homozygosity. We identified an average of 28.6 tracts of extended homozygosity greater than 1 Mb in length in a representative population of 809 unrelated North Americans of European descent ranging in chronological age from 19–99 years old. These homozygous tracts made up a population average of 42 Mb of the genome corresponding to 1.6% of the entire genome, with each homozygous tract an average of 1.5 Mb in length. Runs of homozygosity are steadily decreasing in size and frequency as time progresses (linear regression, p less than 0.05). We also calculated inbreeding coefficients and showed a significant trend for population-wide increasing heterozygosity outside of linkage disequilibrium. We successfully replicated these associations in a demographically similar cohort comprised of a subgroup of 477 Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging participants. We also constructed statistical models showing predicted declining rates of autozygosity spanning the 20th century. These predictive models suggest a 14.0% decrease in the frequency of these runs of homozygosity and a 24.3% decrease in the percent of the genome in runs of homozygosity, as well as a 30.5% decrease in excess homozygosity based on the linkage pruned inbreeding coefficients. The trend for decreasing autozygosity due to panmixia and larger effective population sizes will likely affect the frequency of rare recessive genetic diseases in the future. Autozygosity has declined, and it seems it will continue doing so.
Labels age, Evolution, Heterozygosity, Natural selection
Body proportions in Neolithic Germany
Homo doi:10.1016/j.jchb.2008.05.006
Population continuity, demic diffusion and Neolithic origins in central-southern Germany: The evidence from body proportions.
Gallagher A, Gunther MM, Bruchhaus H.
The transition to agro-pastoralism in central Europe has been framed within a dichotomy of "regional continuity" versus exogenous "demic diffusion". While substantial genetic support exists for a model of demographic diffusion from an ancestral source in the Near East, archaeological data furnish weak support for the "wave of advance" model. Nevertheless, archaeological evidence attests the widespread introduction of an exogenous "package" comprising ceramics, cereals, pulses and domesticated animals to central Europe at 5600calBCE. Body proportions are under strong climatic selection and evince remarkable stability within regional lineages. As such, they offer a viable and robust alternative to cranio-facial data in assessing hypothesised continuity and replacement with the transition to agro-pastoralism in central Europe. Humero-clavicular, brachial and crural indices in a large sample (n=75) of Linienbandkeramik (LBK), Late Neolithic and Early Bronze Age specimens from the middle Elbe-Saale-Werra valley (MESV) were compared with Eurasian and African terminal Pleistocene, European Mesolithic and geographically disparate recent human specimens. Mesolithic Europeans display considerable variation in humero-clavicular and brachial indices yet none approach the extreme "hyper-polar" morphology of LBK humans from the MESV. In contrast, Late Neolithic and Early Bronze Age peoples display elongated brachial and crural indices reminiscent of terminal Pleistocene and "tropically adapted" recent humans. These marked morphological changes likely reflect exogenous immigration during the terminal Fourth millennium cal BC. Population expansion and diffusion is a function of increased mobility and settlement dispersal concomitant with significant technological and subsistence changes in later Neolithic societies during the late fourth millennium cal BCE.
Labels Body type, Bronze Age, Germany, Neolithic, Paleoanthropology
Identification of two missing Romanov children
This is a different paper from the earlier one by Rogaev et al. on a similar topic.
Mystery Solved: The Identification of the Two Missing Romanov Children Using DNA Analysis
Michael D. Coble et al.
One of the greatest mysteries for most of the twentieth century was the fate of the Romanov family, the last Russian monarchy. Following the abdication of Tsar Nicholas II, he and his wife, Alexandra, and their five children were eventually exiled to the city of Yekaterinburg. The family, along with four loyal members of their staff, was held captive by members of the Ural Soviet. According to historical reports, in the early morning hours of July 17, 1918 the entire family along with four loyal members of their staff was executed by a firing squad. After a failed attempt to dispose of the remains in an abandoned mine shaft, the bodies were transported to an open field only a few kilometers from the mine shaft. Nine members of the group were buried in one mass grave while two of the children were buried in a separate grave. With the official discovery of the larger mass grave in 1991, and subsequent DNA testing to confirm the identities of the Tsar, the Tsarina, and three of their daughters – doubt persisted that these remains were in fact those of the Romanov family. In the summer of 2007, a group of amateur archeologists discovered a collection of remains from the second grave approximately 70 meters from the larger grave. We report forensic DNA testing on the remains discovered in 2007 using mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), autosomal STR, and Y- STR testing. Combined with additional DNA testing of material from the 1991 grave, we have virtually irrefutable evidence that the two individuals recovered from the 2007 grave are the two missing children of the Romanov family: the Tsarevich Alexei and one of his sisters.
Labels Children, Famous DNA, History, mtDNA, Russia, Y chromosome
Genetic structure in northern Europe revisited
The results of the STRUCTURE analysis are quite interesting. When Finland is included (B), it is the first one to be separated from other Northern Europeans, confirming previous results. Sweden, and to a lesser degree Denmark seems to possess some admixture with the Finnish-related (red) element. The next split (blue vs. green) differentiates continental Germnics (esp. Scandinavians, and somewhat less Dutch) from Irish-British and Australians of largely British ancestry.
When Finland is not included (C) and for K=4, it becomes obvious that the UK population includes three components ("Dutch" green, "Scandinavian" red, and "British Isles" blue).
See also a previous study on the topic.
Geographical structure and differential natural selection amongst North European populations
Brian P McEvoy et al.
Population structure can provide novel insight into the human past and recognizing and correcting for such stratification is a practical concern in gene mapping by many association methodologies. We investigate these patterns, primarily through principal component (PC) analysis of whole genome SNP polymorphism, in 2099 individuals from populations of Northern European origin (Ireland, UK, Netherlands, Denmark, Sweden, Finland, Australia and HapMap European-American). The major trends (PC1 and PC2) demonstrate an ability to detect geographic substructure, even over a small area like the British Isles, and this information can then be applied to finely dissect the ancestry of the European-Australian and -American samples. They simultaneously point to the importance of considering population stratification in what might be considered a small homogenous region. There is evidence from FST based analysis of genic and non-genic SNPs that differential positive selection has operated across these populations despite their short divergence time and relatively similar geographic and environmental range. The pressure appears to have been focused on genes involved in immunity, perhaps reflecting response to infectious disease epidemic. Such an event may explain a striking selective sweep centered on the rs2508049-G allele, close to HLA-G gene on chromosome 6. Evidence of the sweep extends over 8Mb/3.5cM region. Overall the results illustrate the power of dense genotype and sample data to explore regional population variation, the events that have crafted it and their implications in both explaining disease prevalence and mapping these genes by association
Labels Admixture, Ancestry, Australia, Clusters, Ethnicity, Europe, Finland, Finno-Ugrian, Germanic, Great Britain, Ireland
Y chromosome distribution in northwestern Russia
As usual, the use of the "effective mutation rate" renders the age estimates in this paper useless (they need to be divided roughly by 3).
Indeed, in this paper they attempt to use Batwing to estimate ages using the effective rate. Batwing employs a Bayesian method with coalescent simulations, and thus takes into account "population history", the effects of which are supposedly encapsulated in the effective mutation rate. Thus, they are "correcting" (inappropriately of course) for population history twice.
This is clearly evident in the Table, where the Batwing age estimates exceed significantly those based on Y-STR variance, prompting the authors to reject the Batwing results as not "credible". Not credible indeed, if one blindly picks a "mutation rate" and a piece of software from the literature and combines them to arrive at an "estimate".
The R1a1 age estimates are properly all within a Neolithic time frame. Of course, the network topologies and associated Y-STR variance argue strongly against a simple Out-of-Eastern Europe scenario of the dispersal of R1a1, as non-star topologies with very high variance are found in India and Pakistan. This parallels another recent study in which a substantial subset of Indian R1a1 Y-chromosomes appeared to be distinctive from those of Europe.
Together, with the recent work on horse domestication, these results point to the fact that there is something wrong in the equation of R1a1 "PIE-speaking Bronze Age horse riders from the Pontic-Caspian steppe". Clearly, the picture is more complex, and will only be resolved when new SNPs resolve the phylogeny of this widespread haplogroup.
As older ages are observed when grouping All Asians versus All Europeans (Table 5) for N1c, the available data suggest that the mutation may have originated in northern China as previously reported,14,15 but may have traversed through a different migratory route than has been postulated elsewhere,15 reaching northeastern European populations before the Urals
European Journal of Human Genetics doi:10.1038/ejhg.2009.6
Y-Chromosome distribution within the geo-linguistic landscape of northwestern Russia
Sheyla Mirabal et al.
Populations of northeastern Europe and the Uralic mountain range are found in close geographic proximity, but they have been subject to different demographic histories. The current study attempts to better understand the genetic paternal relationships of ethnic groups residing in these regions. We have performed high-resolution haplotyping of 236 Y-chromosomes from populations in northwestern Russia and the Uralic mountains, and compared them to relevant previously published data. Haplotype variation and age estimation analyses using 15 Y-STR loci were conducted for samples within the N1b, N1c1 and R1a1 single-nucleotide polymorphism backgrounds. Our results suggest that although most genetic relationships throughout Eurasia are dependent on geographic proximity, members of the Uralic and Slavic linguistic families and subfamilies, yield significant correlations at both levels of comparison making it difficult to denote either linguistics or geographic proximity as the basis for their genetic substrata. Expansion times for haplogroup R1a1 date approximately to 18 000 YBP, and age estimates along with Network topology of populations found at opposite poles of its range (Eastern Europe and South Asia) indicate that two separate haplotypic foci exist within this haplogroup. Data based on haplogroup N1b challenge earlier findings and suggest that the mutation may have occurred in the Uralic range rather than in Siberia and much earlier than has been proposed (12.9plusminus4.1 instead of 5.2plusminus2.7 kya). In addition, age and variance estimates for haplogroup N1c1 suggest that populations from the western Urals may have been genetically influenced by a dispersal from northeastern Europe (eg, eastern Slavs) rather than the converse.
Labels Bronze Age, Europe, haplogroup, Indo-European, N1c, R1a, Russia, Siberia, Slavs, South Asia, Uralic, Y chromosome
Earliest horse domestication in Kazakhstan
I had previously blogged about the Botai culture. From the news release:
The researchers have traced the origins of horse domestication back to the Botai Culture of Kazakhstan circa 5,500 years ago. This is about 1,000 years earlier than thought and about 2,000 years earlier than domestic horses are known to have been in Europe. Their findings strongly suggest that horses were originally domesticated, not just for riding, but also to provide food, including milk.
Science doi:10.1126/science.1168594
The Earliest Horse Harnessing and Milking
Alan K. Outram et al.
Horse domestication revolutionized transport, communications, and warfare in prehistory, yet the identification of early domestication processes has been problematic. Here, we present three independent lines of evidence demonstrating domestication in the Eneolithic Botai Culture of Kazakhstan, dating to about 3500 B.C.E. Metrical analysis of horse metacarpals shows that Botai horses resemble Bronze Age domestic horses rather than Paleolithic wild horses from the same region. Pathological characteristics indicate that some Botai horses were bridled, perhaps ridden. Organic residue analysis, using 13C and D values of fatty acids, reveals processing of mare's milk and carcass products in ceramics, indicating a developed domestic economy encompassing secondary products.
Labels Bronze Age, Domestication, Horse, Kazak, Kazakhstan, milk
Genetic differentiation at the village level in Sardinia
The take-home lesson is that wherever gene flow is impeded, no matter how geographically close, population differentiation can be recovered with dense autosomal genotype data.
Really fine-scale ancestry analysis is now possible; I suspect that a combination of geography, religion, social class, language, and ethnic identification will be found to be predictive of a person's broad genetic makeup and vice versa. But, to discover these correlations, a large-scale collection of genotypic data is required.
High Differentiation among Eight Villages in a Secluded Area of Sardinia Revealed by Genome-Wide High Density SNPs Analysis
Giorgio Pistis et al.
To better design association studies for complex traits in isolated populations it's important to understand how history and isolation moulded the genetic features of different communities. Population isolates should not “a priori” be considered homogeneous, even if the communities are not distant and part of a small region. We studied a particular area of Sardinia called Ogliastra, characterized by the presence of several distinct villages that display different history, immigration events and population size. Cultural and geographic isolation characterized the history of these communities. We determined LD parameters in 8 villages and defined population structure through high density SNPs (about 360 K) on 360 unrelated people (45 selected samples from each village). These isolates showed differences in LD values and LD map length. Five of these villages show high LD values probably due to their reduced population size and extreme isolation. High genetic differentiation among villages was detected. Moreover population structure analysis revealed a high correlation between genetic and geographic distances. Our study indicates that history, geography and biodemography have influenced the genetic features of Ogliastra communities producing differences in LD and population structure. All these data demonstrate that we can consider each village an isolate with specific characteristics. We suggest that, in order to optimize the study design of complex traits, a thorough characterization of genetic features is useful to identify the presence of sub-populations and stratification within genetic isolates.
Labels Ancestry, Clusters, Italy, Sardinia
Geographical affinities of HapMap samples
Geographical Affinities of the HapMap Samples
Miao He et al.
The HapMap samples were collected for medical-genetic studies, but are also widely used in population-genetic and evolutionary investigations. Yet the ascertainment of the samples differs from most population-genetic studies which collect individuals who live in the same local region as their ancestors. What effects could this non-standard ascertainment have on the interpretation of HapMap results?
We compared the HapMap samples with more conventionally-ascertained samples used in population- and forensic-genetic studies, including the HGDP-CEPH panel, making use of published genome-wide autosomal SNP data and Y-STR haplotypes, as well as producing new Y-STR data. We found that the HapMap samples were representative of their broad geographical regions of ancestry according to all tests applied. The YRI and JPT were indistinguishable from independent samples of Yoruba and Japanese in all ways investigated. However, both the CHB and the CEU were distinguishable from all other HGDP-CEPH populations with autosomal markers, and both showed Y-STR similarities to unusually large numbers of populations, perhaps reflecting their admixed origins.
Conclusions/Significance
The CHB and JPT are readily distinguished from one another with both autosomal and Y-chromosomal markers, and results obtained after combining them into a single sample should be interpreted with caution. The CEU are better described as being of Western European ancestry than of Northern European ancestry as often reported. Both the CHB and CEU show subtle but detectable signs of admixture. Thus the YRI and JPT samples are well-suited to standard population-genetic studies, but the CHB and CEU less so.
Labels Admixture, Ancestry, Clusters, HapMap, Miao
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Slavopaionian propaganda video + Stephen Miller's ...
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Ancient mtDNA of Wari and post-Wari populations fr...
Genetic differentiation at the village level in Sa...
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Basic ID Evening dress, fall 1986. Thierry Mugler (French, b. 1948). Lamé. Paris, France. Gift of Mrs. Ellen Ross. 1988.545.1
Title Evening dress
Artists/Makers Mugler, Thierry (designer)
Stanley Korshak (Chicago, Ill.) (distributor)
Place of Origin France
Physical Description Evening dress; of draped and pleated metallic gold lamé: asymmetrical neckline, fabric draped over the proper left shoulder with a cap sleeve on the proper right; pleating at side seams that releases towards the center of the dress; fitted, below knee length; side snaps and zipper on proper right.
Materials/Techniques lamé (textile)
Marks Thierry Mugler, Paris/ Made in France
Object History This striking cocktail dress, designed by the innovative fashion designer, Thierry Mugler, was a gift to the Museum from Mrs. Ellen Ross, a former Chicago model. Mrs. Ross purchased the dress at Stanley Korshak a few years before it closed. Stanley Korshak, known as "one of the city's most fashionable and expensive retailers" was a pillar of the Chicago apparel industry. Korshak's began selling luxury and one-of-a-kind goods in 1909, opening its last and perhaps most prominent location within One Magnificent Mile in 1983. The store closed in 1990 and reopened in Dallas under new ownership. This dress was purchased by Mrs. Ross at Korshak, in September 1986. She wore it to the 1986 Costume Council's Donors' Ball and Fashion Show as well as the 1987 Children’s Home & Aid Society Ball. Mrs. Ross wore the dress for a final time in the 1988 Chicago History Museum's Costume Council’s Donors Ball and Fashion Show.
Curatorial Statement French fashion designer, Thierry Mugler has experimented with the use of lamé in his designs since the late 1970s. His work is often revered for its striking and erotic aesthetic while remaining amusing and at times, unnerving. His mastery of cut and construction are evident in the sculptural and asymmetrical design of this dress.
main garments
Object Types evening dresses (garments)
Credit Line Gift of Mrs. Ellen Ross
Copyright Notice © 2014 Chicago Historical Society, all rights reserved.
Exhibition History Chicago Styled: Fashioning the Magnificent Mile. Chicago History Museum (2014/11/15 - 2015/08/16)
Object Number 1988.545.1
Image File Name ICHi-69533; ICHi-69555; ICHi-69557; ICHi-69558; ICHi-69560: ICHi-69561
Image File Name 01_i69553.jpg
Repository Chicago History Museum. 1601 North Clark Street Chicago, Illinois 60614-6038.
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Civilization, Classical (1)
Scholar and the Feminist Conference (161)
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Eisenstein, Hester (9)
Sacks, Susan Riemer (7)
Miller, Nancy K. (5)
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Women's Center Charter, circa 1971
The Women's Center charter document.
Planning meeting: regional conference notes, 1972
Transcript of the "Women and Philanthropy" panel at the 1993 The Scholar and the Feminist...
Show moreTranscript of the "Women and Philanthropy" panel at the 1993 The Scholar and the Feminist conference. Panelists include Eleanor Brilliant (Rutgers University), Cathy McCarthy (philanthropist and author), and Alison Bernstein (Ford Foundation).
Lists of panelists' names, 1972
A list of panels and panelists for the Women Learn From Women conference.
Women's Work and Women's Studies, 1972
An order form for the 1972 Women's Work and Women's Studies, an interdisciplinary bibliography...
Show moreAn order form for the 1972 Women's Work and Women's Studies, an interdisciplinary bibliography for the emerging academic field of feminist studies.
Notes for planning meeting, 1972
Notes from the planning meeting for 1973 Scholar and Feminist Conference.
Letter to regional conference planners, 1973
A note written by Mary Wexford and Jane Gould about the final meeting for the conference, in...
Show moreA note written by Mary Wexford and Jane Gould about the final meeting for the conference, in which participants will go over panels and speakers.
Guestlist for conference, 1973
A guestlist for the upcoming Women's Center conference with a "VIP's" section and an "Others"...
Show moreA guestlist for the upcoming Women's Center conference with a "VIP's" section and an "Others" section. "VIP's" include June Bingham, Blanche Graubard and Iola Haverstick.
Letter to regional conference participants, 1973
Letter from Jane Gold to conference participants, goes over major logistical information about...
Show moreLetter from Jane Gold to conference participants, goes over major logistical information about the upcoming conference like daycare, budgets and unexpected high registration.
List of conference workshops, 1973
A list of workshops and talks for the 1973 conference, which includes "Women in Search of...
Show moreA list of workshops and talks for the 1973 conference, which includes "Women in Search of Autonomy" and "The Strength of Sisterhood: A Case History."
Conference brochure, 1973
A brochure of the "Women Learn From Women" conference sponsored by the Women's Center on February...
Show moreA brochure of the "Women Learn From Women" conference sponsored by the Women's Center on February 10th, 1973.
Suggested themes for conference, circa 1973
Notes on suggested themes for the upcoming conference, including theoretical questions such as ...
Show moreNotes on suggested themes for the upcoming conference, including theoretical questions such as "what is the relationship of women's studies to feminism?"
Finalized plans for Scholar and the Feminist Conference, circa 1973
Finalized plans for the Scholar and the Feminist Conference, there are plans to publish papers...
Show moreFinalized plans for the Scholar and the Feminist Conference, there are plans to publish papers and a summary of the event in the Feminist Studies journal.
Sarah Lawrence letter, 1973
Letter from Amy (Sarah Lawrence). Florence Rush and Marjorie Collins will participate in the...
Show moreLetter from Amy (Sarah Lawrence). Florence Rush and Marjorie Collins will participate in the Sarah Lawrence panel at the conference.
Expected Press for conference, 1973
A list of expected press for the conference, includes the New York Times and the National Observer.
Letter to Jan Goodman, 1973
A tentative schedule for the upcoming Women's Center conference at Barnard College.
Expenses for conference, 1973
A list of expenses for the upcoming conference.
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Dispute Resolution blog
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Posts by Kerry Underwood
Court fee remission (Part 2)
Court fee remission process An application for help with fees, that is to avoid paying a court or tribunal fee altogether, or getting a reduction on the normal fee, is made on Form EX160: Apply for help with fees. The process for applying online is:
This piece does not deal with court fees themselves, but rather the principles and practices of court fee remissions and recoverability and so on, and the process of seeking remission.
Interim statute bills
Normally a solicitor/client retainer is an entire contract; see Vlamaki v Sookias & Sookias:
Charging interest on disbursements (Part 2)
Charging interest on disbursements recovered from a defendant at the successful conclusion of a case (assuming disbursements paid by solicitors for the claimant) There is an overlap between this heading and the heading of this blog (and that in Part 1), in that the indemnity principle potentially applies, and the ability to recover costs from … Continue reading Charging interest on disbursements (Part 2) →
There is no inherent right to charge a client interest on anything until a bill has been delivered. The simplest and cleanest way is to deliver a disbursement–only bill with the standard wording at the bottom:
Small local firms preferred by clients and ombudsman’s advice on good costs service
Here I look at two recent and helpful publications, and given the source of those publications, those are slightly surprising words from me!
Civil litigation summer round-up
Transfer out of Shorter Trials Scheme refused In Sprint Electric Ltd v Buyer’s Dream Ltd and another, the Chancery Division of the High Court refused the claimant permission to transfer an intellectual property claim out of the Shorter Trials Scheme. The court was satisfied that it had power to transfer the case under CPR 3.1(2) … Continue reading Civil litigation summer round-up →
Children, litigation friends and costs
In Barker v Confiànce and others, the Chancery Division of the High Court considered the issue of costs orders against parties who are minors or their litigation friends. It held that there were no special principles preventing a costs order being made and that the court must consider all of the circumstances of the case.
Insolvency round-up May 2019
Insolvency and Companies Court (ICC): new ICC Interim Applications Court On 25 April 2019, the Chancery Guide was updated to include a new chapter on the Insolvency and Companies List, including information, at paragraphs 25.28 to 25.30, on the operation of the new Insolvency and Companies Court (ICC) Interim Applications Court at the Rolls Building, … Continue reading Insolvency round-up May 2019 →
Liens: a never-ending saga
Even though we have had 300 years of case law, there is still great uncertainty about the extent of solicitors’ liens, a subject which has become of much greater importance since the legalisation of conditional fee agreements and the virtual abolition of civil legal aid, as solicitors are now often acting on credit for clients … Continue reading Liens: a never-ending saga →
Costs round-up March 2019
Can amendment amount to discontinuance? In Galazi and another v Christoforou and others, the Chancery Master considered whether the very substantial amendments made to the particulars of claim amounted to a discontinuance of the whole or part of the claim, triggering the default position under CPR 38.6(1) that the discontinuing party is liable to pay the costs … Continue reading Costs round-up March 2019 →
Video courts: judiciary presses pause
Opposition is growing to the government juggernaut of scrapping live courts, even for trials, with the judiciary in particular expressing its clear and certain view that austerity and cost-cutting, not access to justice, are behind the move.
Insolvency round-up: January 2019
In Bayliss v Saxton, the Queen’s Bench Division of the High Court held that section 285(3)(b) of the Insolvency Act 1986 did not apply to committal proceedings for contempt of court on the grounds of interference with due justice.
Pre-action and non-party disclosure
There has been a number of recent cases in relation to pre-action and non-party disclosures.
Security for costs round-up
There have been a number of recent cases in relation to security for costs.
International jurisdiction and extra-territorial issues
In an increasingly global world the issues of international and extra-territorial jurisdiction are becoming increasingly important, as a recent flurry of cases and developments shows.
Notice of discontinuance
Setting aside notice of discontinuance In Advantage Insurance Co Ltd v Stoodley (1) and Trinity Lane Insurance Co Ltd (2), a Queen’s Bench Division Master considered the law in relation to setting aside a notice of discontinuance.
Proportionality and non-financial matters
In three recent cases, the courts have considered how to apply the proportionality test in CPR 44.3(5) in cases where damages are not the main issue, or where no damages are in issue at all.
Costs: he who writes the cheque pays the costs… unless it is a group action
Two recent decisions, one in the Court of Appeal and one in the High Court, considered the incidence of costs where it is less than clear who has “won”.
Insolvency round-up
New Practice Direction from 25 April 2018 The new Practice Direction on Insolvency Proceedings was published on 25 April 2018 and came into force immediately.
Limitation round-up
Here is a round-up of some recent cases involving limitation.
Part 36 roundup
CPR 36 is the most important, and complicated, rule in the book, and so it is not surprising that there is a torrent of cases with major issues still unresolved. Here I look at no fewer than nine recent decisions at High Court level or above.
Strike out and summary judgment: Saeed and another v Ibrahim and others
In Saeed and another v Ibrahim and others, the Chancery Division of the High Court considered the overlap between the court’s powers to strike out under CPR 3.4 and its powers to enter summary judgment under CPR 24.
Conduct and costs: two recent Court of Appeal cases
Indemnity costs guidance In Whaleys (Bradford) Limited v Bennett and another, the Court of Appeal gave guidance in relation to the correct test when considering indemnity costs. This was not in the context of Part 36.
After the event insurance: roundup of latest cases
In Percy v Anderson-Young, the Queen’s Bench Division of the High Court allowed recovery of an after the event (ATE) insurance premium of £533,017.13, overturning the district judge’s decision to cut it to £82,513.07.
Solicitors Act assessments: interim statute bills and conditional fee agreements
In Richard Slade and Company v Boodia and Boodia [2017] EWHC 2699 (QB) the Queen’s Bench Division of the High Court, in an appeal from the Senior Courts Costs Office, upheld the Cost Master’s finding that interim statute bills must include disbursements.
Applications, injunctions, non-monetary relief and fixed costs
Fast track In relation to the fast track, Jackson LJ proposes no change and the only suggestion, emanating from claimant representatives, was that there should be better provision for the costs of pre-action disclosure applications as recommended by the Court of Appeal in Sharp v Leeds City Council.
The new intermediate track: scope and procedure
This piece does not deal with the costs figures; that is for another piece. As part of his Supplemental Report on Fixed Recoverable Costs, which will be considered by the Lord Chief Justice, Master of the Rolls and the government, Jackson LJ has proposed a new intermediate track.
Part 36: late acceptance by defendant: where are we?
CPR 36 is the most important rule in the book.
Fixed costs report overview
Today Jackson LJ’s Supplemental Report on Fixed Recoverable Costs was published and is available here. This will now be subject to consultation by the government, and so these are proposals at this stage. Whatever comes in is likely to be on 1 October 2018.
Fixed costs pilot
A voluntary two year capped costs pilot scheme for High Court cases valued between £100,000 and £250,000 is due to begin imminently in the London Mercantile Court and the Mercantile, Technology and Construction and Chancery Courts in Manchester and Leeds District Registries.
Fixed costs and offshoring
The Master of the Rolls, giving the Lord Slynn Memorial Lecture on 14 June 2017, had this to say about the effect of electronic filing and online courts:
Fixed costs and the Bar
It is accepted by solicitors and the Bar alike that, as fixed fees are introduced, solicitors become more reluctant to instruct counsel, on the basis that they feel that they are spending their own money, rather than incurring a disbursement, which is then recoverable from the other side in the event of success.
What will happen to the Prisons and Courts Bill?
The general election has caused the Prisons and Courts Bill to be lost, as there was insufficient time for it to get through all of its Parliamentary stages before the dissolution of Parliament at midnight on 2 May.
Part 36 and fixed costs
Practitioners will be familiar with the basic concept of Part 36 and the consequences that flow from that rule.
Fixed recoverable costs for everything: bring it on!
The horizontal and vertical extension of fixed recoverable costs is being considered by Jackson LJ, whose report is due by 31 July 2017.
Senior Partner and Solicitor at Underwoods Solicitors
View Kerry Underwood's biography
Dispute Resolution blog authors
Browse all of Practical Law Dispute Resolution's posts
Sir Vivian Ramsey
Browse all of Sir Vivian Ramsey's posts
Peter Head
Browse all of Peter Head's posts
Anna Pertoldi
Browse all of Anna Pertoldi's posts
Browse all of Emma Chown's posts
Raichel Hopkinson
Browse all of Raichel Hopkinson's posts
Lucy Swallow
Browse all of Lucy Swallow's posts
Beverley Barton
Browse all of Beverley Barton's posts
© 2020 Thomson Reuters
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BOMA BEST Program
About BOMA BEST Program
BOMA BEST Buildings
Energy Efficiency in Building Operations
BOMA BEST Pricing
2019 BOMA Industry Breakfasts
BOMI Education Canada
BOMA e-Energy Training
CIET
Join BOMA Manitoba
Our Member Companies
Interim Changes to Commercial Building and Plumbing/Mechanical Inspections
As part of our ongoing advocacy work, BOMA continues to collaborate with the Industry Advisory Group (IAG) and work closely with the City of Winnipeg’s Development and Inspections Division on issues relating to building and occupancy permits.
The City has introduced interim measures to the inspections process and has communicated those changes via its website. Please visit the link here for full details regarding commercial inspections:
https://winnipeg.ca/ppd/inspections/Commercial/default.stm#Changes
Intervener Status for GSS/GSM: Manitoba Hydro’s General Rate Application
BOMA is working to ensure that our industry’s voice is heard by the Public Utilities Board (PUB) as it considers Manitoba Hydro’s latest General Rate Application.
As virtually all of BOMA member firms are classified as a General Service Small (GSS) and General Service Medium (GSM) Hydro customer, we are pleased that the GSS/GSM customer class has been granted intervener status at the PUB Hearings. The PUB decision from June 30, 2017 is available here
For further information on our advocacy efforts re: this matter, please view the communique to our members here.
Update on Occupany Permits in the City of Winnipeg
BOMA and the City of Winnipeg’s Planning, Property & Development Department have worked to draft a detailed memo outlining the requirements for occupancy permits.
The memo provides clarification regarding when an occupancy permit is needed (at present), and how these requirements have changed over the years. Contact information for the Occupancy Permit Clerk is also provided in the memo.
To view the document, please visit the Advocacy page of BOMA’s website, via the link provided here.
Update on Implementation of Impact Fees
(Development Charges)
BOMA’s recent advocacy efforts on the issue of potential impact fees in Winnipeg have resulted in an amending motion for Executive Policy Committee.
We are pleased that the amending motion recommends a phased-in approach to impact fees, and that commercial, office, industrial and institutional developments will be exempt from any fee for two years. We’re also pleased to see that residential infill development in existing neighbourhoods (including downtown) will be exempt from impact fees for three years.
BOMA looks forward to contributing to the City’s working group to advise on the three-year phase-in process, as well as advise on reasonable fee values for all asset classes.
Amending Motion on Impact Fees
Amending Motion on Impact Fees – Backgrounder
EPC Amending Motion on Impact Fees
Terms of Reference – Impact Fee Working Group
Impact Fee Implementation Map
Implementation of Impact Fees (Development Charges)
To view the written submission from BOMA Manitoba to the Executive Policy Committee of the City of Winnipeg regarding Impact Fees, please click here.
Comprehensive Fee Review
On March 23, 2016 City Council adopted the results of a Comprehensive Fee Review (CFR) that adjusts all fees charged for various permits and services. These changes (with the exception of commercial mechanical permit fees) come into effect on June 1, 2016.
Fee changes for Commercial Property Owners
Adoption of the National Energy Code (Manitoba Energy Code for Buildings)
On December 1, 2014, the 2011 National Energy Code for Buildings became effective in Manitoba. These new efficiency standards apply to the construction of new buildings and additions governed under Part 3 of the Manitoba Building Code.
Managing Asbestos in Buildings
A friendly reminder to BOMA member firms about their responsibilities regarding asbestos management. Although the current legislation pertaining to asbestos management in buildings was introduced in 2006, we wanted to ensure that members still have access to all of the necessary information that will help them meet the provincial government requirements.
The Workplace Safety and Health Act and Part 37 of the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Regulation, M.R. 217/2006 require specific actions when a potential health hazard is present in the workplace.
For information on creating an asbestos inventory, how and what to communicate to building occupants, and what’s required for staff training, please click on the links below.
http://www.gov.mb.ca/labour/safety/pdf/faqs_asbestos_contain_material.pdf
https://digitalcollection.gov.mb.ca/awweb/pdfopener?smd=1&did=15988&md=1
http://winnipegsafetycompanies.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/Manitoba-Asbestos-Abatement-Guidelines-2016.pdf
BOMA Position Paper:
Infrastructure and its Impact on the Commercial Real Estate Industry
National Environmental Statement of Principles for the Commercial Real Estate Industry
BOMA Stance on e-Cigarettes
For more information on what e-Cigarettes are and why they may be a concern, please view the following article, developed by BOMA Ottawa and BOMA Canada here
January BOEG Breakfast
Location: CanadInns HSC
February BYP
Location: The Real Escape, 3137 Portage Avenue
February Member Luncheon
Location: Delta Winnipeg
© Copyright BOMA Manitoba. All rights reserved.
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Volume 10, Issue 2, Summer 1992
The Southeastern Bat: Another Cave-roosting Species in Peril
Throughout North America, bats that were once abundant are in trouble, primarily due to disturbance at their roosts...
By Gore, Jeffery A., Hovis, Julie A.
by Jeffery A. Gore and Julie A. Hovis
AS SOON AS WE SAW the half-inch screen covering the entrance gate, we knew there would be no bats in Sweetgum Cave. A short time later, at the end of a long passage in the cave, our expectations were confirmed. Not a single bat was present, even though broad stains on the ceiling and deep piles of guano told us tens of thousands of bats had roosted here in past years.
For more than 90 years this cave in central Florida had been known as a maternity roost for southeastern bats (Myotis austroriparius). This species typically raises young in large colonies in caves. Because suitable maternity caves are few and often easily disturbed, each loss of a roost like Sweetgum Cave makes the southeastern bat more vulnerable to extinction. The southeastern bat is one of 18 candidates for federal listing as threatened or endangered; the information needed to make an informed decision on its status is only slowly becoming available.
As biologists for the Florida Game and Fresh Water Fish Commission, we were concerned that southeastern bats might be suffering a decline in their critical cave habitat in Florida. Similar losses elsewhere have threatened other cave-roosting species, notably the federally endangered gray bat (Myotis grisescens). Our Florida survey is of special interest because of the unusual distribution of southeastern bat maternity colonies.
Southeastern bats occur in a broad band from Indiana and Illinois south along the Mississippi River and around the southeastern coastal plain to North Carolina. Despite this rather wide distribution, few maternity colonies have been discovered outside of Florida. Our preliminary review of published reports and conversations with bat biologists produced records of only three such maternity caves, each housing several thousand adults. Florida, on the other hand, has at least 18 current or former maternity caves which, in past years, potentially contained 400,000 adult females.
The disparity between the number and size of maternity colonies in Florida and the rest of the southeastern bat's range emphasizes how little we really know about the biology of this species. For example, are caves actually the most productive maternity roosts or just the most obvious? Several small maternity colonies have been found in buildings, cisterns, and culverts, leading us to conclude that southeastern bats are not as dependent on caves as some related species.
In southern Illinois, Gene Gardner, a biologist with the Illinois Natural History Survey, recently radio-tracked several southeastern bats and found a small maternity colony in a hollow tree within a hardwood swamp. If this is a typical roosting site, it might explain why so few roosts have been found, and it could mean that roosts are not a limiting resource to the population. If we are to learn the status of the southeastern bat throughout its range, more work needs to be done to determine the relative importance of cave and non-cave roosts.
But a more urgent question faced us: how many of the known maternity caves in Florida were still active? To obtain some measure of the status of maternity caves in 1991, we surveyed all known summer roosts in the state to determine whether female southeastern bats were present, and if so, how many. We were fortunate to have an assessment of the former status of most of the cave roosts thanks to the observations of other biologists, particularly Dale Rice, who studied these bats in the 1950s. In addition, in tracking down leads on reported colonies, we had visited many of these and other caves over the past few years.
Based on these sources, we compiled a list of potential maternity caves and surveyed each in the spring just before young were expected to be born. For each occupied cave, we also conducted a follow-up survey later in summer to see if the colony successfully produced a new cohort of young bats. Unfortunately, what we found was not encouraging. Of the 15 caves known to have regularly supported a southeastern bat maternity colony in the past, only five still contained bats in 1991. (Three additional caves, with no previous record of bats, were also brought to our attention by other biologists or cavers and found to contain bats.)
Finding only eight maternity caves occupied, including just five of the traditional caves, was alarming. Estimates of colony size are very crude, but in 1991 we found less than half the 400,000 adult females compiled from earlier observations. We were obviously dealing with fewer bats, but were they simply using fewer roosts? Had some moved to other caves? Other than the three new colonies already mentioned, and a small colony in southern Georgia, we knew of no new summer colonies. Even assuming the bats did move to some unknown site, why did they do so? Did a new, more productive cave appear, or did traditional roosts suddenly become unsuitable?
To anyone familiar with the sensitivity of bat maternity colonies in caves, the probable answer is that the bats were driven from their roosts. Our observations suggested why they left. Ten formerly occupied caves were vacant and at three the cause was sadly obvious: the entrance had been improperly gated or filled in. At four other vacant caves there were signs of frequent or intense disturbance by humans. Graffiti, litter, spent ammunition, and remains of fires were evident. In contrast, we found such disturbance at only one of the eight occupied roosts, and that proved to be the only occupied roost where we failed to capture young bats in our follow-up visit. Three vacant caves had not been frequently disturbed, but one of these was flooded and another had been isolated by clearcutting of the surrounding forest.
OUR FINDINGS DO NOT PROVE human activity caused the southeastern bats to abandon their former cave roosts or caused the number of bats to decline. However, no other factor distinguishes the occupied and unoccupied caves. Couple this with the well-documented sensitivity of maternity colonies of other cave bats and the fact that only eight southeastern bat maternity colonies remain in the state, and it becomes clear that Florida's maternity caves urgently need protection.
Florida's Cave Protection Act affords caves some protection, though enforcement is often impractical, especially at secluded caves. Nevertheless, some caves are well-protected. Ten years ago one of Florida's most important maternity bat roosts for southeastern bats and gray bats was nearly bulldozed shut. It was largely through the efforts of Bat Conservation International that the plight of Florida's bats became known to state and local conservationists. With help from BCI and The Nature Conservancy, Judge's Cave was purchased by the state and is now one of the most secure.
The largest maternity roost in Florida is in a privately owned cave, and the conservation-owner has fenced around the entrance to protect the bats. Two other caves on private land are designated as Critical Wildlife Areas by the state and entry is prohibited. These caves, however, are not fenced or gated, and their status could change if the land is sold. The owners of all the other vacant or occupied maternity caves have been informed of the importance of their property, but the protection given these caves ranges from only signs and low fences to virtually none.
We are continuing to work with landowners, cavers, and conservation organizations to identify active maternity roosts and to limit disturbances in the caves. Conservation options range from outright purchase of caves, to obtaining easements that allow fences or gates, to simply gaining landowner cooperation in posting caves against trespass during the maternity season. Cave enthusiasts in the state have volunteered to help restrict access to the maternity caves and to continue educating novice cavers about bats.
With the continued efforts of many people, we hope that the next few years will see more maternity caves protected and an increase in the number of bat colonies. Then we can direct our efforts to learning more about winter roosts, non-cave maternity roosts, and the affects of pesticides and land-use changes. Maybe we can even get the bats back to Sweetgum Cave.
[bio] Jeff Gore and Julie Hovis are wildlife biologists with the Florida Game and Fresh Water Fish Commission. They study many species of nongame wildlife, but Florida's bats include some of the most vulnerable and least understood species.
Maternity colonies of southeastern bats form dense mats in Florida caves. Few such colonies are known outside the state.
Populations of southeastern bats are steadily declining, and the bat is being considered for federal threatened or endangered status.
Jeff Gore checks the ceiling of a Florida cave for evidence of use by southeastern bats. Roosting bats leave a characteristic stain, giving scientists clues about past use.
Bass Family Invest in a New Era of Bat Conservation
Bats and OLD-GROWTH FORESTS: Are Both Vanishing?
Protecting the Bats of Devil's Den
Bats and Human Hair
The James River Bat Cave
BCI Needs Your Ideas
BCI Moves to New Office
Employment Opportunities at BCI
New Children's Video
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By Tara Parker-Pope, The New York Times, April 22, 2012
From Bill Clinton toEllen DeGeneres, celebrities are singing the benefits of a vegan diet. Books that advocate plant-based eating are best sellers. But is eliminating meat and dairy as simple as it sounds?
As countless aspiring vegans are discovering, the switch from omnivore to herbivore is fraught with physical, social and economic challenges - at least, for those who don't have a personal chef. The struggle to give up favorite foods like cheese and butter can be made all the harder by harsh words and eye-rolling from unsympathetic friends and family members. Substitutes like almond milk and rice milk can shock the taste buds, and vegan specialty and convenience foods can cost two to three times what their meat and dairy equivalents do. And new vegans quickly discover that many foods in grocery stores and on restaurant menus have hidden animal ingredients.
''The dominant social-cultural norm in the West is meat consumption,'' said Hanna Schösler, a researcher in the Institute for Environmental Studies at Vrije University in Amsterdam, who has studied consumer acceptance of meat substitutes. ''The people who want to shift to a more vegetarian diet find they face physical constraints and mental constraints. It's not very accepted in our society not to eat meat.''
Still, the numbers are substantial, according to according to a 2008 report in Vegetarian Times. Three percent of American adults, 7.3 million people, follow a vegetarian diet, and one million of them are vegans, who eat no animal products at all - no meat, fish, eggs, milk, cheese, even honey. (And 23 million say they rarely eat meat.)
No one knows how many people have tried and failed to switch to vegan or vegetarian diets, but the popularity of books like ''The China Study'' and the ''Skinny Bitch'' series suggests that interest is growing. New vegans often cite Robert Kenner's 2008 documentary ''Food, Inc.,'' which offers an unsettling view of corporate farming and the toll it takes on animals, the environment and human health.
Megan Salisbury, 33, a social work student in Phoenix, says she prefers plant-based eating but can manage it only about 75 percent of the time. The vegan options at the campus cafeteria are limited and often expensive, and she has to drive 20 miles to find stores with vegan specialty foods for cooking.
''I really enjoy eating the way I do,'' she said. ''But even a box of Gardenburgers is $4 - which doesn't seem expensive, but when you compare it to the meat counterparts, it's so much more.''
Frustrating, too, is the lack of social support. When Ms. Salisbury baked vegan doughnuts to share with her family, ''they said things like, 'I'm going to go eat some eggs now,' '' she said. ''They were very condescending. They don't understand and don't make any effort to understand.''
New vegans say it's hard to give up favorite foods and adjust to the taste of substitutes for butter and dairy products. For Linda Walsh of Wilmington, Vt., who was a vegetarian for 30 years before recently switching to a vegan diet, the toughest thing was giving up cheese. ''I have become vegan anyway,'' she said. ''But I think a great vegan cheese alternative will make for many, many more converts.''
Giving up favorite foods is never easy, food scientists say, for it means overriding taste preferences imprinted on the brain during a lifetime of eating. ''In most American adults, meat intake has been associated since childhood with pleasurable nutritional effects,'' said France Bellisle, an eating behavior researcher in Paris. ''Liking for meats has been learned and reinforced over years. Any substitute would have to mimic the total sensory experience elicited by meats.
''It always takes more motivation to change any type of behavior than to go on with old habits,'' she added.
Dairy products are particularly difficult to replace, says Daniel Granato, a researcher at the Federal University of Paraná, Brazil, because the intrinsic attributes of dairy foods come from proteins and fats that are difficult to mimic in a nondairy substitute. And because people start consuming these foods in infancy, the taste preference is deeply ingrained.
''Usually dairy products made with milk fat are softer and present a very pleasant viscosity and texture,'' Dr. Granato said. ''Consumers do feel the difference between milk-based and soy-based products. And once their first reference is milk-based products, they tend to reject plant-based products made with oat and soy or other vegetable-based food.''
Vegan ingredients and cooking techniques can be overwhelming for beginners, even if the changes are relatively small. Substitutes like vegetarian margarine and nutritional yeast can impart an unaccustomed nutty or cheesy flavor. Another method for making vegan foods creamy or cheesy involves soaking and blending cashews.
''The one I found weird was miso paste,'' Ms. Salisbury said. ''I used it in stuffed shells, but I haven't really mastered what it's for, but I think it's to help consistency.''
Despite the challenges of plant-based eating in a meat-based world, would-be vegans say they will keep trying. Mary Bandrowski, 50, of Bainbridge Island in Washington, says she has been eating mostly vegetarian for years, but in the past few weeks has been moving to veganism after reading ''Eat to Live,'' by Dr. Joel Fuhrman. She is also trying to push her family to eat fewer animal foods.
''I think my whole family should do this because I think it's better for them,'' she said. ''But my husband is the Midwest meat-and-potatoes man. Coming home to vegetable-stuffed green peppers doesn't turn him on as much as a steak and baked potato would.''
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1 800 692 LEND
HOME APPLY NOW REFINANCE BUY A HOME LOAN OPTIONS CALCULATORS ABOUT US CONTACT US PAY MY MORTGAGE
Equity Now In The News - 2019
https://www.hsh.com/homeowner/study-refinance-makes-sense-for-millions.html
Is buying a home becoming more affordable? See the new "Salary you need to buy a median-priced home in the top 50 metro areas"
Study Shows Home Refinance Makes Sense for 8 Million Households
Erik Martin
Oct 23, 2019|
Does a refinance make sense for you? A new report suggests it could be the right move for millions. But to properly answer the question "should I refinance?", it's smart to do the math, assess your finances, and shop around for the best mortgage interest rates.
Now could be an ideal time to refinance your mortgage. Learn if you're a good candidate and the pros and cons of such a move. Calculate your refinance breakeven point. And use resources and tools like a refinance calculator to determine if the time is right.
See today's refinance mortgage rates
What new research reveals
A recent report by Black Knight had some interesting findings. It calculated that, in July 2019, an average of nearly 8 million homeowners could have qualified for and benefited from a refi. (That's assuming a 30-day window from application to closing.) That's a 10% rise from the June number of homeowners who could have qualified and benefited.
Also, the number of refi candidates increased by almost 20 percent to 9.46 million in August; it reached a peak of 11.7 million early in September before rates hiked a bit.
Yet the ratio of refi originations (cases where people go through with a refinance) to candidates has dropped down to about 4%. Still, if this 4% ratio is maintained, refi originations could continue to spike by as much as 20 to 40%.
What this study suggests is clear: Many homeowners today are eligible for a refi and could save money by doing so. But very few of those eligible actually pursue and complete a refinance.
Related: Does a Refinance Make Sense?
Who can benefit most
Ask Jeff Tufford, manager of Epic Mortgage Group, and he'll tell you that plenty of folks can reap rewards by refinancing. These include those who want to:
Lower payments. "Getting a lower interest rate can drop your monthly mortgage payment by quite a bit," says Tufford.
Reduce their term. "You can lower your rate and shorten the length of your mortgage term. That means you can pay off a lot sooner for little or sometimes no extra cost per month. And that can save a lot of money over the life of your loan," Tufford adds.
Consolidate debt. Have enough equity in your home? "You can consolidate and pay off your debts by refinancing to a lower rate than you would have paid on those debts," he notes.
Get extra cash. If you have enough equity built up, pursuing a cash-out refi can provide extra money at closing. You can use these funds to pay for a home improvement project, new car, wedding, college, or another goal.
Eliminate mortgage insurance. "If you have an FHA or other government loan, or put down less than a 20% down payment, you're likely paying mortgage insurance. But if you refinance to a conventional loan and have 20% equity built up, you can eliminate those mortgage insurance payments," he says.
A lot of us are good candidates
But does a refinance make sense for you? Truth is, a refi is worth it for lots of people
It's best for anyone who can lower their interest rate and save money. It's also recommended for anyone with a three-year refinance breakeven window. In other words, you can recoup the refinance costs you'll pay within 36 months."
It's ideal, too, for homeowners planning to stay in their homes and not move within three to five years.
If you bought between the end of 2017 and the beginning of 2019, you're also a great candidate. That's because you likely locked in at a higher interest rate over that span.
Have you experienced a bankruptcy or foreclosure? Are you self-employed and have write-offs on your tax returns? If so, you may also benefit from a refi.
There are new mortgage programs that allow you to document business income using bank statements.
It's probably best to avoid a refi if you're between jobs, have a credit score below 580, or cannot lower the interest rate you currently pay.
Yet most who can qualify choose not to refi. That's not a surprise to some experts.
"I think there's some mortgage rate burnout from the past several years. A lot of homeowners probably tune out all of the marketing messages to lower their interest rate and refinance," says Matt Hackett, operations manager of Equity Now.
Many homeowners assume the refinance process will be lengthy, complex and costly, as well.
"If someone is comfortable with what they have, they're more likely not willing to disrupt their already busy schedule to change it," Tufford explains.
Related: 8 Common Refinance Mistakes
Eager to capitalize on lower rates? You can save the most money if you follow a few tips.
First, check your credit. Access and review your free credit reports at Annualcreditreport.com. Dispute any errors you see there. Your bank or lender should be able to provide you free access to your FICO credit score. A higher score (740 or more) usually qualifies for the lowest interest rates. Work to improve your score if it's low.
Next, get your paperwork in order. You'll need at a minimum two pay stubs and copies of your most recent bank statements. You may also need two years of W-2s. If self-employed, you'll need two years of tax returns with all schedules.
Know what interest rate you require to make refinancing worthwhile. And then pull the trigger. Don't get greedy thinking you can time the market for a lower interest rate.
About Equity Now
NMLS# 1564 - Licensing Information Security Statement Copyright © Equity Now 2002-2019 Se habla Español
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Category Archives: Volvo
Volvo Cars reveals stylish and versatile new V90
Volvo V90 Location Profile
The eagerly awaited Volvo V90 was revealed today in Stockholm, Sweden. The stylish and versatile V90 is the latest in the premium car maker’s top of the line 90 series sitting alongside the award winning XC90 SUV and the recently launched S90 premium sedan.
Building on Volvo Cars’ indisputable heritage in the estate segment, that began over 60 years ago with the Volvo Duett, the new V90 takes the premium estate a clear step forward in terms of aesthetics, materials and finish, while living up to the ultimately practical nature of any true estate “We have a very strong position in the estate segment,” said Kevin McCann, managing director of Volvo Car Australia. “In many people’s minds we are known as the definitive estate brand. While the Volvo brand today stands for more than estates, we are proud to carry forward this rich heritage with the V90.”
The new V90 is the third car unveiled in Volvo’s top of the line 90 series, all of which are built on the company’s specially designed and fully modular Scalable Product Architecture (SPA), which has opened up a range of new opportunities in terms of how Volvos can be designed, built and equipped.
Continue reading Volvo Cars reveals stylish and versatile new V90 →
New Volvo S90 marks a giant step forward in prestige sedan segment
December 3, 2015 eurocca Leave a comment
The new Volvo S90 is Volvo Cars’ entry ticket to the prestige sedan club.
The S90 marks a giant step forward for Volvo Cars. The Swedish car maker is better known for its SUVs and estates, but with the launch of the S90 Volvo is clearly intent on shaking up the prestige sedan segment with its distinctive executive class sedan.
Equipped with a host of new technologies ranging from cutting edge safety to cloud-based apps and services, the S90 is further proof of the Swedish brand’s continuing transformation.
“With the launch of the XC90 we made a clear statement of intent. We are now clearly and firmly in the prestige segment,” said Kevin McCann, Managing Director of Volvo Car Australia. .
“With $11 USD billion of investment over the past five years we have not only reimagined what Volvo Cars can be – we are now delivering on our promise of a resurgent and relevant Volvo Cars brand.”
The new Volvo S90 comes equipped with an advanced semi-autonomous drive feature, Pilot Assist. Continue reading New Volvo S90 marks a giant step forward in prestige sedan segment →
Motorsport, Volvo
Triple podium for Scott McLaughlin and Volvo at Phillip Island
November 23, 2015 eurocca Leave a comment
Scott McLaughlin claimed a triple podium finish for Volvo Polestar Racing at the Phillip Island Super Sprint.
”It has been an awesome weekend. Our pace has been great and this is really something for us to build on ahead of 2016,” said McLaughlin.
McLaughlin qualified on pole position for the second race and was entangled in a fight for the lead in all three races with Red Bull Racing team mates Craig Lowndes and Jamie Whincup.
The first race saw the Kiwi young-gun take third position, behind Lowndes and Whincup. In race two McLaughlin took second place in the Volvo S60 crossing the line just 1.3 seconds behind reigning champion Whincup.
McLaughlin started from fourth position on the grid for the final race. Making a strong start he claimed the lead not long into the race putting the Volvo eight seconds clear of Lowndes Red Bull Holden. A delay in the final pit stop however saw him dropping one place to Lowndes, taking the chequered flag just two seconds behind the triple eight car. Continue reading Triple podium for Scott McLaughlin and Volvo at Phillip Island →
Volvo Cars unveils Concept 26, delivering the luxury of time
Volvo Cars’ ongoing research into autonomous driving has confirmed what we all know – that the daily commute is taking the joy out of driving. It is during the commute and on long-haul motorway trips that people are most willing to delegate the act of driving to their car.
With this in mind Volvo has developed Concept 26, named to reflect the average daily commute to work of 26 minutes – time that could be spent doing something more meaningful than sitting in stop-go traffic. Volvo has set out to bring choice and freedom back to the driver; to enjoy the driving experience when they want to, or to delegate driving to the car when they want to do something else. Continue reading Volvo Cars unveils Concept 26, delivering the luxury of time →
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2016 Primetime Emmys
nora_dominick September 19, 2016
First Timers Rule: A Look at First Time Winners at the 2016 Emmy Awards
Last night, the 68th Annual Emmy Awards held some surprising wins for TV's biggest night. Some veterans took home trophies,…
Emily Solomon July 14, 2016
68th Annual Emmy Award Nominations: ‘Game of Thrones’ and ‘Mr. Robot’ Soar
This morning Gilmore Girls star Lauren Graham and Black-ish star Anthony Anderson announced the 68th Annual Emmy Award nominations. With…
‘Game of Thrones’ Review: “The Winds of Winter”
Jessica Morris ‘19 / Emertainment Monthly TV Staff Writer With the final episode, “The Winds of Winter,” Season 6 of…
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Game of Thrones Season Seven Bears No Female Directors
With converging storylines and a dynamic cast of characters like Daenerys Tagaryen and Jon Snow, what sticks out most keenly…
Emily Solomon June 11, 2016
Top 5 Series to Re-read Over the Summer
Summertime is a perfect time to start a series with all the spare time to actually finish the series. So…
Emily Solomon May 28, 2016
‘Game of Thrones’ Review: “Home”
The episode itself seems to foreshadow that a few common fan theories may soon be revealed true -- at least…
Emily Solomon April 24, 2016
‘Game of Thrones’: Who Will Die Next?
Game of Thrones, the acclaimed television series based on George R. R. Martin’s ongoing novel series, plays a lot like…
TV: Year in Review
To celebrate the end of 2015, over here at Emertainment Monthly we’ve compiled a list voted on by the TV…
Emily Solomon October 28, 2015
Top TV Characters to Dress Up As This Halloween
Sometimes getting ready for Halloween is a little more difficult when store-bought costumes aren’t exactly cutting it. Luckily, dressing up…
NYCC 2015: Books to Movies Wishlist Panel
he Martian. Foundation. American Gods. Redshirts: So many iconic SFF novels are finally scheduled to hit the big screen from…
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HomePrivacy
If you have any questions about our Privacy Policy, you can contact us at privacy@ and include ‘Privacy Policy’ in the subject line.
participate in and have certified its compliance with the E.U.-U.S. Privacy Shield Framework and the Swiss-U.S. Privacy Shield Framework. is committed to subjecting all Personal Information received from European Union (E.U.) member countries and Switzerland, in reliance on the Privacy Shield Framework, to the Framework’s applicable principles. To learn more about the Privacy Shield Framework, please visit the U.S. Department of Commerce’s Privacy Shield List. is responsible for the processing of Personal Information it receives under the Privacy Shield Framework and subsequent transfers to a third party acting as an agent on its behalf. complies with the Privacy Shield principles for all onward transfers of Personal Information from the E.U. and Switzerland, including the onward transfer liability provisions. With respect to Personal Information received or transferred pursuant to the Privacy Shield Framework, is subject to the regulatory enforcement powers of the U.S. Federal Trade Commission. In certain situations, may be required to disclose Personal Information in response to lawful requests by public authorities, including to meet national security or law enforcement requirements. If you are a European individual with a privacy related complaint, concern or question about ’ privacy practices, please contact us by writing to privacy@ (must include “Privacy Policy” in the subject line) and we will respond within a reasonable time after receiving your request. Under certain conditions, more fully described on the Privacy Shield website, European individuals may invoke binding arbitration when other dispute resolution procedures have been exhausted.
You may contact us at the addresses set out below or by emailing privacy@
If you are an EU resident, you may contact our Data Protection Officer at dpo@
privacy@
Our Data Protection Officer may be contacted at dpo@.
Thursday, May 9th 2019 – 00:04:23 AM
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Proxy Statement Pursuant to Section 14(a) of the
(Amendment No. )
Filed by the Registrant ☒ Filed by a Party other than the Registrant ☐
☐ Preliminary Proxy Statement
☐ Confidential, for Use of the Commission Only (as permitted by Rule 14a-6(e)(2))
☐ Definitive Proxy Statement
☒ Definitive Additional Materials
☐ Soliciting Material under §240.14a-12
QUANTUM CORPORATION
☒ No fee required.
☐ Fee computed on table below per Exchange Act Rules 14a-6(i)(1) and 0-11.
Title of each class of securities to which transaction applies:
Aggregate number of securities to which transaction applies:
Per unit price or other underlying value of transaction computed pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 0-11 (set forth the amount on which the filing fee is calculated and state how it was determined):
Proposed maximum aggregate value of transaction:
Total fee paid:
☐ Fee paid previously with preliminary materials.
☐ Check box if any part of the fee is offset as provided by Exchange Act Rule 0-11(a)(2) and identify the filing for which the offsetting fee was paid previously. Identify the previous filing by registration statement number, or the Form or Schedule and the date of its filing.
Amount Previously Paid:
Form, Schedule or Registration Statement No.:
Filing Party:
224 Airport Parkway, Suite 550
Supplement to Proxy Statement for
Annual Meeting of Stockholders
to be held on November 13, 2019
This Supplement, dated November 7, 2019, supplements the definitive proxy statement (the “Proxy Statement”) of Quantum Corporation (the “Company”) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 16, 2019, relating to the Company’s Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held on November 13, 2019 at 11:30 a.m., Eastern Time, at the law offices of Pillsbury Winthrop Shaw Pittman LLP, 31 West 52nd Street, New York, New York. This Supplement, which describes a recent change in the slate of nominees for election to the Company’s Board of Directors, updates the Proxy Statement and should be read in conjunction with it. Except as described in this Supplement, the information previously provided in the Proxy Statement continues to apply and should be considered carefully in voting your shares.
We have made our proxy materials, including this Supplement, available over the Internet at www.proxyvote.com. This Supplement is being made available to stockholders over the Internet at www.proxyvote.com on November 7, 2019. We are also making available a revised proxy card to enable stockholders to vote on the revised slate of nominees for election to the Company’s Board of Directors. If you vote using the revised proxy card, it will revoke and replace any previous proxy you have submitted. However, if you have already voted and you do not wish to change your vote, you do not need to take any further action.
The time and place of the Annual Meeting have not changed. The Annual Meeting will be held on November 13, 2019 at 11:30 a.m., Eastern Time, at the law offices of Pillsbury Winthrop Shaw Pittman LLP, 31 West 52nd Street, New York, New York.
Change in Director Candidates Nominated by the Board of Directors
The Company’s Board of Directors has approved a revised slate of nominees for election to the Company’s Board of Directors at the Annual Meeting.
On November 3, 2019, Eric Singer submitted his retirement from the Board effective immediately due to other responsibilities and determined not to stand for re-election to the Board at the Annual Meeting. Mr. Singer was previously included in the recommended slate of directors standing for election to the Company’s Board of Directors at the Annual Meeting. As a result, the current recommended slate of directors consists of John A. Fichthorn, James J. Lerner, Raghavendra Rau and Marc E. Rothman. In connection with Mr. Singer’s retirement from the Board, the Board also reduced the authorized number of directors from five to four directors.
The revised proxy card furnished with this Supplement differs from the proxy card previously furnished to you with the Proxy Statement, in that the revised proxy card does not include the name of Eric Singer as a director nominee in Proposal One. If you have not voted already, we encourage you to submit your vote on all five proposals by submitting a revised proxy via the Internet or by telephone by following the procedures on your revised proxy card. If you vote using the revised proxy card, it will revoke and replace any previous proxy card you have submitted. If you have already submitted a proxy card and you do not wish to change your vote on any of the proposals, you do not have to take any further action. If you return, or have returned, an original proxy card, your proxy will still remain valid, and the persons named as proxies on the proxy card will vote as you previously instructed with respect to the Company’s four remaining nominees chosen by the Board, excluding Mr. Singer, as well as with respect to the other proposals on the proxy card. Since Mr. Singer is no longer running for re-election, votes for Mr. Singer submitted by stockholders will not be cast for Mr. Singer.
As discussed in the Proxy Statement, for voting with respect to the election of directors, stockholders may cumulate their votes. Cumulative voting means that a stockholder has the right to give any one candidate who has been properly placed in nomination a number of votes equal to the number of directors to be elected multiplied by the number of shares the stockholder is entitled to vote, or to distribute such votes on the same principle among as many properly nominated candidates (up to the number of persons to be elected) as the stockholder may wish. For example, if you own 100 shares of Common Stock, and there are four directors to be elected at the Annual Meeting, you could cast a total 400 “FOR” votes (four times one hundred) among as few or as many of the four nominees to be voted on at the Annual Meeting as you choose. Since Mr. Singer is no longer in the revised slate of directors and there are only four nominees, if you did not elect to cumulate your votes, then any votes cast for Mr. Singer using the original proxy card will not be voted and are not eligible to be voted for other directors on a cumulative basis. There are only four nominees for directors, so any votes you wish to cumulate will be multiplied by four, not five. If you returned an original proxy card that is not revoked and you elected to cumulate all of your votes in favor of Mr. Singer, your votes will not be cast on Proposal One, unless you submit a revised proxy card and revoke your original proxy card. If you cumulated your votes for multiple candidates, including Mr. Singer, the votes that you applied to Mr. Singer will be proportionately allocated to the other nominees for whom you voted “FOR” in the same proportion of votes allocated to the nominees, other than Mr. Singer, on your proxy card.
If you are a stockholder of record and choose to cumulate your votes, you are required to submit a printed proxy card and make an explicit statement of your intent to cumulate your votes by so indicating in writing on the proxy card. If you hold shares beneficially through a bank, broker or other financial intermediary and wish to cumulate votes, you should contact your bank, broker or other financial intermediary. You will not be able to submit cumulative vote allocation instructions for director candidates if you grant a proxy by telephone or the Internet; thus, if you wish to cumulate your votes, you must do so on a printed proxy card. If you wish to cumulate your votes on Proposal One and have not yet returned your printed proxy card, you will not have sufficient time to request, receive and return a printed copy of the revised proxy card before the Annual Meeting is held. As a result, if you wish to cumulate your votes and have not yet returned your printed proxy card, we recommend that you use your original proxy card to elect to cumulate your votes and apply those votes for any of the four remaining nominees. Any votes applied to Mr. Singer will be treated as described in the immediately preceding paragraph. You may also appear in person to vote your shares and may elect to cumulate your shares for the election of directors at the Annual Meeting. If you hold your shares through a bank, broker or other financial intermediary, please be sure to follow the instructions in the Proxy Statement for attending the Annual Meeting and voting your shares.
If you vote by proxy card or voting instruction card and sign your card with no further instructions, James J. Lerner and J. Michael Dodson as proxy holders, may cumulate and cast your votes in favor of the election of some or all of the applicable nominees in their sole discretion, except that none of your votes will be cast for any nominee as to whom you vote against or abstain from voting.
Other than as set forth above, no items presented in the Proxy Statement are affected by this Supplement, and you should carefully review the proxy statement prior to voting your shares. The Company knows of no matters to be submitted to the Annual Meeting other than those presented in the proxy statement, as amended and supplemented by this Supplement. If any other matters properly come before the Annual Meeting, it is the intention of the persons named in the enclosed revised proxy card to vote the shares they represent in accordance with their best judgement on each of these other matters.
San Jose, California J. Michael Dodson
November 7, 2019 Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Secretary
Signature [PLEASE SIGN WITHIN BOX] Date TO VOTE, MARK BLOCKS BELOW IN BLUE OR BLACK INK AS FOLLOWS: KEEP THIS PORTION FOR YOUR RECORDS THIS PROXY CARD IS VALID ONLY WHEN SIGNED AND DATED. DETACH AND RETURN THIS PORTION ONLY Signature/Title (Joint Owners) Date E86856-P30109 For Against Abstain For Against Abstain ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! QUANTUM CORPORATION 224 AIRPORT PARKWAY, SUITE 550 SAN JOSE, CA 95110 QUANTUM CORPORATION 1b. James J. Lerner 1a. John A. Fichthorn 1c. Raghavendra Rau 1d. Marc E. Rothman Vote on Directors The Board of Directors Recommends a Vote “For” each of the Nominees named in Proposal 1. 1. Proposal to elect to the Board of Directors. 2. Proposal to ratify the appointment of Armanino LLP as the independent registered public accounting firm of the Company for the fiscal year ending March 31, 2020. 3. Proposal to adopt a resolution approving, on an advisory basis, the compensation of the Company’s named executive officers. 4. Proposal to approve an amended and restated 2012 Long-Term Incentive Plan. 5. Proposal to approve an amended and restated Employee Stock Purchase Plan. The Board of Directors Recommends a Vote “For” Proposals 2, 3, 4, and 5. Unless otherwise specified, this proxy authorizes the proxies named on the reverse side to cumulate votes that the undersigned is entitled to cast at the annual meeting in connection with the election of directors and allocate them among director nominees for which you do not vote “Against” or “Abstain.” To provide specific directions with regard to cumulative voting, including to direct that the proxy holders cumulate votes with respect to a specific board nominee or nominees as explained in the proxy statement or to withhold authority to cumulate votes, mark the box to the right and write your instructions. If you wish to direct that the proxy holders cumulate votes with respect to a specific Board nominee or nominees, please indicate the name(s) and number of votes to be given to such Board nominee. You may not cumulate votes “Against” a nominee. The shares represented by this proxy, when properly executed, will be voted in the manner directed herein by the undersigned Stockholder(s). If no direction is made, this proxy will be voted FOR each of the nominees named in Proposal 1 and FOR Proposals 2, 3, 4, and 5. If any other matters properly come before the meeting or any adjournment thereof, the persons named in this proxy are authorized to vote in their discretion. Please sign exactly as your name(s) appear(s) hereon. When signing as attorney, executor, administrator, or other fiduciary, please give full title as such. Joint owners should each sign personally. All holders must sign. If the signer is a corporation or partnership, please sign in full corporate or partnership name by duly authorized officer. ! VOTE BY INTERNET—www.proxyvote.com Use the Internet to transmit your voting instructions and for electronic delivery of information up until 11:59 P.M. Eastern Time the day before the cut-off date or meeting date. Have your Notice or proxy card in hand when you access the web site and follow the instructions to obtain your records and to create an electronic voting instruction form. ELECTRONIC DELIVERY OF FUTURE PROXY MATERIALS If you would like to reduce the costs incurred by our company in mailing proxy materials, you can consent to receiving all future proxy statements, proxy cards and annual reports electronically via e-mail or the Internet. To sign up for electronic delivery, please follow the instructions above to vote using the Internet and, when prompted, indicate that you agree to receive or access proxy materials electronically in future years. VOTE BY PHONE—1-800-690-6903 Use any touch-tone telephone to transmit your voting instructions up until 11:59 P.M. Eastern Time the day before the cut-off date or meeting date. Have your Notice or proxy card in hand when you call and then follow the instructions. VOTE BY MAIL Mark, sign and date your proxy card and return it in the postage-paid envelope we have provided.
E86857-P30109 Important Notice Regarding the Availability of Proxy Materials for the Annual Meeting: The Annual Report and Proxy Statement are available at www.proxyvote.com. QUANTUM CORPORATION Annual Meeting of Stockholders — November 13, 2019 THIS PROXY IS SOLICITED BY THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS The undersigned stockholder(s) of Quantum Corporation, a Delaware Corporation, hereby acknowledge(s) receipt of the Proxy Statement dated October 15, 2019, and hereby appoint(s) James J. Lerner and J. Michael Dodson, and each of them, proxies and attorneys-in-fact, with full power to each of substitution, on behalf and in the name of the undersigned, to represent the undersigned at the Annual Meeting of Stockholders of Quantum Corporation, to be held on November 13, 2019 at 11:30 a.m., Eastern Time, at the law offices of Pillsbury Winthrop Shaw Pittman LLP, 31 West 52nd Street, New York, New York 10019, and at any adjournments or postponements thereof, and to vote (including cumulatively, if required) all shares of Common Stock which the undersigned would be entitled to vote if then and there personally present, on all matters set forth on the reverse side. In accordance with the discretion and at the instruction of the Board of Directors, the proxy holder is authorized to act upon all matters incident to the conduct of the meeting and upon other matters that properly come before the meeting subject to the conditions described in Quantum’s Proxy Statement concerning the Annual Meeting. This proxy, when properly executed, will be voted in the manner directed herein by the undersigned stockholder. Where no direction is given, except in the case of broker non-votes, the shares represented by this proxy will be voted in accordance with the Board of Directors’ (or an authorized committee thereof) recommendations. Unless you specifically instruct otherwise, this proxy confers discretionary authority to cumulate votes for any or all of the nominees for election of directors except for nominees for whom you have voted “Against” or “Abstain”, in accordance with the instruction of the Board of Directors. At the Annual Meeting, unless you specifically instruct otherwise, the Board of Directors will instruct the proxy holders to cast the votes as to which voting authority has been granted so as to provide for the election of the maximum number of the Company’s director nominees, and will provide instructions as to the order of priority of our nominees in the event that fewer than all of our nominees are elected. If any nominee named on the reverse side for good cause will not serve or is unable to serve as a director, the persons named as proxies shall have the authority to vote for any other person who may be nominated at the instruction and discretion of the Board of Directors or an authorized committee thereof. Cumulative Voting Instructions (Mark the corresponding box on the reverse side) PLEASE MARK, SIGN AND DATE THIS PROXY AND RETURN IT PROMPTLY IN THE ENCLOSED ENVELOPE. (Continued, and to be signed and dated, on the reverse side.) (If you noted cumulative voting instructions, please check the corresponding box on the reverse side.) Proxy Card
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5 Conscious Stand Up Comedians Redefining Comedy
August 2, 2014 by Garth Purkett
Laugh and learn by digging deep into these five stand up comedians who address serious issues through comedy.
“What’s the deal with airline food?”
Now that we’ve gotten the heavy-hitting stuff out of the way, let’s talk about other things.
Comedy serves as a natural distraction and relief from the trials and tribulations of everyday life. However, it doesn’t always have to be light one-liners, and can instead serve as a powerful medium for addressing heavy, hard-to-digest dialogue in a different, more understandable context.
Check out these five stand up comedians who don’t always keep things comfortable and instead use part of their artform for social consciousness.
Disclaimer: Some clips below are NSFW, so view at your own discretion.
Maria Bamford
I won’t mince words: Maria Bamford is one of my favorite stand up comedians on the planet and has been so since I first watched her on Comedy Central Presents as a kid. As an unorthodox, quirky female comedian with bipolar disorder — “the new gladiator sandal,” as she calls it — she addresses issues such as gender inequality, mental illness, and suicide in ways that bring about an”Aha!” kind of perspective, clarity, and laughter. The spaces into which she pushes the medium are often uncomfortable, but wildly important.
Imagine for a moment that you’re hospitalized with a life-threatening disease. Then, on top of that, your mother passes away a few days after you’re discharged. Now on TOP of that, your relationship ends. Now on TOP of that, you’re diagnosed with breast cancer and require a double mastectomy. Meet Tig Notaro.
“Hello. Good evening, hello. I have cancer, how are you? Hi, how are you? Is everybody having a good time? I have cancer, how are you?”
Notaro experienced what seems like a lifetime of tragic events in the span of four months, and her stand up special, “Tig Notaro: Live!” — recorded just days after she was diagnosed with cancer — is unlike any other comedy album you’ll ever hear as it intimately addresses all of the above with humor, emotion, and an impact that cannot be understated.
If you don’t recognize Oswalt’s name from his illustrious stand up comedy career, you may recognize him from his enormous social media presence that has been the subject of many articles, tweets, and other discussions, which have collectively made Oswalt into one of culture’s biggest critics and satirists.
Though he’s currently on a much-needed break from social media, he utilizes his Twitter following of 1.8 million as a significant off-stage platform to offer challenging perspectives both in support of liberal causes and as critique of the leftist PC police who seem eager to judge and sensationalize nearly anything.
Danielle K.L. Grégoire
While a wonderful stand up herself, Danielle’s biggest social impact comes from her founding and management of The Comedy Womb, a “female-focused-but-not-female-exclusive” stand up comedy space in Seattle. In the boy’s club that is the greater comedy world, Grégoire has successfully created a place where female stand up comedians can feel safe and supported as the Womb reserves half of its open mic spots for self-identifying women comedians. Adding in the room’s well-understood content policy against misogyny, racism, homophobia or hate-ridden material, Grégoire has created a place for everyone to laugh together.
Loud. Crass. Cho.
Maragaret Cho is an undeniably unique figure in the stand up comedy world, and as a bisexual, female, Asian-American comedian, she is a subcultural reservoir from which many perspectives may be drawn. The subject matter of her comedy focuses at length on LGBT issues — helping create her large following in this community — while also covering race, eating disorders, substance abuse, gender, and more.
Follow Garth on Twitter @garthinkingcap
Related on EcoSalon
Amy Schumer of Comedy Central: Are Offensive Female Performers Ever Really Good?
From ‘Chapelle’s Show’ to ‘Girls’: 7 Streaming TV Comedies For When You’re Feeling Blue
Women On Film: Tina Fey Makes the Screams Go Away
Photo by Paul Hocksenar
Tags: comedy, gender, LGBT, politics, social consciousness, stand up comedy
Garth Purkett
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Tag Archives: Glendale
Brain Injury History in Football, Health Crisis in American Football, News Analysis, Severe Casualties of American Football
Football Officials Alerted to Brain Damage, Concussion—80 Years Ago
January 31, 2015 Matt Leave a comment
Contemporary experts of law and medicine in sport discuss an historical news period, 1928 to 1933, when football officials learned of brain risk to players, understood research questions—and even devised a sideline concussion test
Posted Saturday, January 31, 2015
During football season in 1928, late October, American sports pages headlined ominous findings of fledgling research on brain damage in boxers:
“’Punch Drunk’ May Apply in Other Sports”
“American Medical Association Publishes Article Raising Question”
The accompanying news report quoted Dr. Harrison S. Martland, of Orange, N.J., whose newly published case studies of deceased boxers revealed a “punch drunk” syndrome to become known as “chronic traumatic brain injury.”
Utilizing microscopic pathology, Martland had identified diseased brain cells of boxers “due to single or repeated blows on the head or jaw,” he said, warning that likely all athletes of contact sport were at risk.
Research avenues were obvious and urgent for football leaders and officials of more activities in America.
“The condition can no longer be ignored by the medical profession or the public,” Martland said, long ago—and wowing experts today.
“Dr. Martland’s observation was spot-on,” said Bob Fitzsimmons, legendary sports attorney, during an email exchange this week. “Unfortunately it took over 80 years to follow his advice, even though the problem was right before us all the time.”
“If only the stakeholders in football would have heeded Dr. Martland’s warnings in 1928…,” said Paul D. Anderson, sports-injury lawyer and professor, “the science of football-related brain injuries would have been exponentially advanced and numerous lives could have been protected.”
“Instead, the stakeholders and guardians of football were willfully blind.”
Here is full text of the 1928 Associated Press report published in Sports sections nationwide:
NEW YORK, Oct. 20 (AP)–The “punch drunk” condition of boxers has stepped into the medical field for determination whether others than boxers get it.
The American Medical Association has issued in its Journal an appeal by Harrison S. Martland, M.D., of Newark, N.J., to find out the nature and extent of this state, which he says fight fans describe as “punch drunk, cuckoo, goofy, cutting paper dolls or slug nutty.”
The symptoms in slight cases are a “very slight flopping of one foot or leg in walking, noticeable only at intervals, or a slight unsteadiness in gain or uncertainty in equilibrium.” In severe cases “there may develop a peculiar tilting of the head, a marked dragging of one or both legs, a staggering, propulsive gait.” Finally, marked mental deterioration may set in.
“I am of the opinion that in punch drunk there is a very definite brain injury, due to single or repeated blows on the head or jaw. I realize that this theory, while alluring, is quite insusceptible of proof at the present time.”
Dr. Martland suggests that if punch drunk exists in the form he suspects [then] it afflicts others than boxers and that establishment of the facts is important to courts and labor compensation boards in handling head injury cases. He foresees disadvantages in the field which may be opened for “so-called expert testimony” and says:
“While most of the evidence supporting the existence of this condition is based at this time on the observations of fight fans, promoters and sporting writers, the fact that nearly one-half of the fighters who have stayed in the game long enough develop this condition, either in a mild form or a severe and progressive form, which often necessitates commitment to an asylum, warrants this report. The condition can no longer be ignored by the medical profession or the public.”
The Martland story is a “great” artifact, said Fitzsimmons, who represented family members of Mike Webster, the deceased, brain-damaged NFL lineman at center of landmark court action a decade ago. The Webster estate won $2 million in retroactive disability payments from the league and players union, setting legal precedent for claimants of brain injury from football.
Harrison S. Martland paved the evidential path. The pioneer sport neuro-pathologist, longtime medical examiner of Essex County, N.J., was also known for identifying disease states in workers of radium processing. Martland compiled boxing case studies until his death in 1954, and authorities of football like Fitzsimmons feel indebted.
“Much still needs to be done but I am encouraged by the numerous doctors and scientists who are now studying and researching CTE,” Fitzsimmons said. “Advances are being made and hopefully treatment is not far off.”
Two modern pathologists are prominent for their postmortem series on football players, beginning with former Pittsburgh ME Dr. Bennet Omalu, a friend and colleague of Fitzsimmons who’s now a county medical examiner in California and subject of a feature film in production.
Following Webster’s death at age 50 in 2002, Omalu delivered the groundbreaking micro-autopsies identifying chronic traumatic encephalopathy, or CTE, in brain tissue of the Steelers icon and more deceased NFL players.
At Boston University, Dr. Ann McKee has found brain disease in 78 of 82 NFL players analyzed postmortem, damage of impacts including hallmark tauopathy. “We have known about CTE since the 1920s, when it was first associated with boxing,” McKee said, speaking recently in Texas.
“CTE results in memory loss, mood swings, change of behavior, and sometimes suicide.”
Dr. Lester Mayers, a New York physiatrist and author of journal reviews, is versed in the literature lineage of brain trauma in athletes dating to boxing’s earliest. “Dr. Martland cautiously pointed out that evidence of [the boxing] affliction was anecdotal at that time,” Mayers stated this week in email.
“Since then, many studies of professional and amateur boxers utilizing a variety of [research] techniques have found that greater than 50 percent suffer substantial brain damage and disability. The significance of these findings is that the extent of brain damage correlated best with the number of non-concussive impacts experienced by the fighters over their careers.”
“There seems to be an obvious parallel with the current experience unfolding in football.”
Mayers knows the football maw close range, as former medical director for athletics at Pace University, where he treated casualties of all games. Mayers doesn’t see much if any wiggle room for football and its inherent violence, regarding improvement for so-called safety.
“Anyone who watches football games at any level from the sidelines, junior through professional, will observe the constant occurrence of head impacts intrinsic to the game—500 to 1,000 per season according to Helmet Impact Technology,” Mayers observed.
“I believe that when the extent of resulting brain injury and disability is better documented in future studies that football participation will decline substantially, placing the future of the game at risk.”
Some researchers, typically funded by football interests, say more studies are needed to draw conclusions about collision risk for the brain. They note longitudinal studies have yet to be performed on living players—without adding that football organizers have avoided exactly that research since Martland’s call 87 years ago.
Central New York clinical psychologist Dr. Don Brady, PhD, PsyD, NCSP, researches sport concussion and provides consultation for NFL retirees, their families, and other athletes. Brady has studied the literature of sport-related concussion for three decades, devouring Martland but taking his review deeper, back to 19th century research. Dr. Brady rebukes the notion that accumulating discovery isn’t documenting football danger.
Information such as the 1928 Martland news “serves to further thwart attempts by concussion revisionists and manufacturers of doubt to ignore, deny, minimize and sanitize the existence of adverse medical history accounts…,” Brady stated in email, “that pertain to brain injury or concussion in sports and other life aspects.”
“Concussion history literature of the 1800s and early 1900s is rich with documentation on the adverse effects of both sport and non-sport-related concussion.”
Attorney Paul Anderson concurred, discussing historical information in context of present-day lawsuits by thousands of former NFL players and families.
“Dr. Martland’s [1928] statement is another bullet in the plaintiffs’ chamber when they seek to prove the NFL knew or should have known about the long-term, devastating effects of repeated blows to the head,” Anderson, representing family of late college player Derek Sheely in an NCAA lawsuit, wrote for ChaneysBlog.
For more regarding what football organizers have known about brain trauma, and when, see below the annotated timeline of news articles from 1982 to 2001, first posted at ChaneysBlog in 2012.
Public fallout for Dr. Martland in 1928 emanated primarily from boxing circles. “His brains are scrambled from taking them on the chin,” cracked a dim pugilist, unwittingly affirming Martland theory [and, no, the doctor wasn’t a boxer].
Martland won more support than opposition for his conclusions about chronic TBI in boxers. A powerful opinion leader in Martland’s camp was Dr. Morris Fishbein, widely known official of the AMA, for his four decades in spotlight as editor of Journal of the American Medical Association.
Fishbein endorsed the boxing research in this installment of his syndicated newspaper column, “Daily Health Talk”:
Punches in Prize Ring Often Injure Brain
By Dr. Morris Fishbein
Pugilists know the condition that results from a terrific pounding in the prize ring in which the recipient of the mauling suddenly finds himself unable to move his legs, dizzy, or as it is commonly expressed, “out on his feet.”
Dr. Harrison S. Martland recently read before the Pathologic society of New York a discussion of the condition called “punch drunk,” which the fighters themselves all characterize by the terms “cuckoo,” “goofy,” “cutting paper dolls,” or “slug nutty.”
He points out that the condition usually affects fighters of the slugging type who are usually poor boxers and who take considerable head punishment, seeking only to return a knockout blow.
It usually takes the fighter one or two hours to recover from a severe blow on the head or jaw. If he has been “punch drunk,” he may notice later a flopping of one foot or leg in walking, and sometimes mental confusion lasting several days.
Dr. Martland is convinced that the condition called “punch drunk” results from a definite brain injury due to a single or repeated blows on the head or jaw which cause multiple small hemorrhages in the deeper parts of the brain.
In the late stages, therefore, the disease resembles the condition known as shaking palsy or Parkinson’s disease.
He has presented microscopic studies of the brains of persons who have developed this condition, showing the pathologic changes which occurred in the brain, and which substantiate his point of view.
Furthermore, he presents the names of 23 fighters who have been “punch drunk,” and their present condition indicates the permanence of the physical changes.
The AMA and JAMA already stood opposed to boxing at outset of the Depression Era, and membership immediately adopted Martland studies for accruing argument.
AMA ethical policy then and now essentially outlines Hippocratic creed of Do no harm, or When in doubt, protect the patient. To recommend avoidance of pugilism, especially for children, amounted to simple rationale for America’s leading medical body.
But AMA and JAMA simultaneously supported dangerous football, curiously or hypocritically [see news timeline below for the dichotomy in recent decades].
Fishbein himself publicized perhaps the first sideline concussion test, apparently referencing a 1933 NCAA publication detailing the protocol, Medical Handbook for Schools and Colleges: Prevention and Care of Athletic Injuries.
Fishbein addressed traumatic brain injury in football and symptoms to watch for, reporting the following in newspapers:
Most serious of all [football] injuries are those affecting the brain and the skull. A concussion of the brain means that the brain tissue actually has been bruised, with possible small hemorrhages in the tissue.
The first sign of such injury is loss of memory for recent events. The least important sign is a slight dizziness. But coaches and trainers should not, however, be unimpressed when a player comes out of a sudden impact with another player merely slightly dizzy or dazed.
The first thing to do in any such accident is to put the player immediately at rest, to determine extent of the injury. When a player has had a head injury, he should be put into a reclining position, questioned as to the headache and dizziness and given the test as to his memory for recent events.
If he cannot remember the names of his opponents, which side is on the offensive, the score, the day of the week, or similar matters, it is not safe to permit him to play again. If, however, he merely is dizzy, he should be permitted to stand and move about, to determine whether he has lost his sense of balance.
Any sign of a loss of sense of balance is serious, and the player should be removed from the contest.
Fishbein was channeling the NCAA publication, undoubtedly.
Kansas City attorney Paul D. Anderson has studied the 1933 NCAA document. And he keeps seeing perfect fits of additional information, then and now, like the historic news items about Martland, the AMA, and brutal sports.
“The doctors [from 1928 to 1933] clearly identify a causal link between football-related head blows and punch-drunk syndrome,” Anderson surmised.
A 2007 episode of Friday Night Lights on NBC centered on a lawsuit against a high-school football coach, for failure to instill “proper tackling” in a player who ended up paralyzed by a helmet hit. This TV show was based on fact, not fiction.
Heads Up, football coaches and wives, because you’re legally liable for the theory of “head up” or headless hitting by players, the alleged “technique” and accompanying rules proven inapplicable and unenforceable since at least 1976.
Yes, coaches are legally responsible for ensuring that headless hitting is applied in tackle football, which is, lest anyone forgets, a forward-colliding frenzy that pits large, helmeted combatants to ram each other. No one can actually teach and instill Heads Up nonsense, of course, revived by NFL commissioner Roger Goodell and league offspring USA Football.
Nevertheless, coaches of all levels are integral to the show of “proper technique.” The vast majority serve public lip service, promoting Heads Up for every gullible news reporter, of the legion.
Meanwhile, the unfortunate few coaches—and their families—become legal shields for King Football, as targets for lawsuits. Individual homeowner’s insurance becomes exposed for paying potential settlement or damage award, among liabilities.
Since 1971, coaches, colleges, schools, youth leagues, local government and helmet makers have been sued over “head up” or “proper contact”—and with no backing of the prime purveyors like Goodell, who quickly acknowledge lacking scientific proof for Heads Up when pressed.
Lawsuit plaintiffs—from whom Goodell effectively insulates—are player casualties of football’s predictable severe injuries, calamities occurring much more frequently than reported by game-funded “studies” posted on a website from University of North Carolina in Chapel Hill.
Contemporary plaintiffs include a former NAIA college player, Nathaniel Seth Irvin, whose lawsuit alleges he suffers concussion damage “as a result of bad coaching and improper helmet use” during the 1980s, reports The Chicago Tribune.
In California, the mother of a quadriplegic former Pop Warner player is suing coaches, their wives, and youth-league organizations. Crystal Dixon alleges in the court complaint that her son, Donnovan Hill, was paralyzed in Pop Warner football for “a negligent tackling technique he was taught and instructed to use by his coaches.” Hill was 13 when paralyzed during a game in 2011.
Defense attorneys replied: “To encourage aggressive play in football is simply to encourage participants to play the game as it should be played.”
Such lawsuits could also target football players and referees.
I played and coached in college football 30 years ago, when the so-called anti-butting rule of the NCAA and national high schools—supposedly banning the striking of a helmet facemask for initial contact—was already a joke.
And we coaches at Southeast Missouri State didn’t have to specifically instruct players to ram. We only lined them up to play the dumb game, which inherently dictates head-on collision between opposing players, clashing from opposite directions. This is a very simple matter of modern football covering law–ramming–because of natural physics and shatterproof head armor.
The idea of chest-bumping and “shoulder leverage” in football with modern helmets isn’t only impossible. It is quackery for the public presentation today. And every football official above low-informed knows it, especially coaches who played.
Yet cultural authorities like the American Medical Association have espoused “head up” versions first devised by a coaches association in 1961, then pumped by AMA press releases in 1967—despite medical literature’s lacking a peer-reviewed article on the concept, still, much less one credible researcher to sign his or her name.
No Heads Up theorist claims responsibility yet, not academically, scientifically or legally.
That should say everything for anyone.
This year’s Super Bowl City serves as ‘Cautionary Tale’ for subsidizing sports and more questionable entertainment ventures.
Read past the hype or rhetoric about being an “NFL City,” and Glendale, Ariz., is almost bankrupt for building stadiums and hosting events like the Super Bowl. And monetary shocks spread further, affecting greater Phoenix and taxpayers across the state.
“To fiscal conservatives, Glendale serves as a cautionary tale for suburban cities across the United States that want to throw public money at professional sports projects,” note Associated Press writers Josh Hoffner and Jaques Billeaud, for this week’s must-read analysis.
“Overall, it’s a bad move for cities,” said Kurt Altman, attorney for the Goldwater Institute. “As much as they say it’s going to make the city a destination, it just doesn’t.”
A mathematical reality confronts any region for public giveaways to the NFL and other sports like the NHL (the garage league utterly underwritten by American taxpayers):
There can be no public payoff unless a sport franchise imports new consumers and industry from out of state. But that never happens.
The glittering civic toys of subsidized stadiums and entertainment districts merely steal in-state customers from local businesses, those paying full taxation and operating without government aid.
Even a region’s temporary injection of Super Bowl fans, corporate sponsors and major media produces negligible return for public coffers—or just more red ink.
In Glendale, the tax-paying citizenry will lose millions this week over the Super Bowl, says Jerry Weiers, the mayor tasked with sorting out a sports mess left by predecessors in city government.
The municipality is dropping “huge amounts of money on overtime and police and public safety costs associated with hosting the Super Bowl but getting very little in return,” report Hoffner and Billeaud.
Elsewhere, Missouri, does Gov. Jay Nixon get it about public subsidy for the NFL?
Jay Nixon proposes dropping a half-billion dollars in state resources on yet another football stadium in St. Louis—only 20 years after taxpayers opened a new dome for the Rams, a project still carrying millions in debt.
Does the Missouri governor need help, or logic, to ascertain necessary and priority need for appropriating public assets?
Supplement: News Timeline on Brain Trauma in Boxing, The NFL and NCAA
Articles from 1982 to 2001
By Matt Chaney, 2012
1982, Dec. 4: “Dangerous Games That People Play,” by Ira Berkow, New York Times. News commentary discusses risk and injury of hazardous sports and activities in the United States, citing a report of the American Medical Association [AMA]. Berkow notes, with boxing under renewed threat of elimination in America, that brain injuries are well-known in football too, comparing the gridiron’s “almost casual list of the maimed… those [players] suffering the routine concussions, neck injuries and assorted broken segments of the anatomy.” Berkow writes: “There are more deaths occurring in college football and in motorcycle racing and in sky-sailing than in boxing. Relatively few [authorities], it seems, have vigorously propounded abolishing any other sport besides boxing since 1905…”
1983, Jan. 14: “Physicians’ Journal Calls For a Ban on Boxing,” by John Noble Wilford, New York Times. News analysis discusses JAMA editorials urging ban of boxing in America, CAT-scan studies of living boxers revealing “brain damage,” and response of boxing officials, including their proposals to reduce risks. “Editorials in today’s issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association urged the banning of boxing in light of new evidence suggesting that chronic brain damage was prevalent among fighters,” Wilford writes. In Britain, a study of living boxers, professional and amateur, determines chronic brain damage is “most predictable” for a career in the ring.
1983, Feb. 15: “The Ring Commission Hearings,” by Jim Lehrer, Monica Hoose, and Peggy Robinson. MacNeil/Lehrer Report [transcript]. PBS Television show addresses congressional hearings on boxing in Washington, with replays of day’s lawmaker questions and witness testimonies on Capitol Hill. Discussion includes boxing deaths and more notorious beatings of the 1970s-80s, arguments on potential ban or government regulation of a continued sport, so-called safer boxing conducted as “a science,” and an AMA doctor’s pointing to tackle football in America for producing severe head injuries as well. “I think a similar kind of injury occurs in any contact sport,” says Dr. Russell H. Patterson, Jr., neurosurgeon and AMA official. “Football is a good example, and we’ve seen some serious head in juries in football. … The blow is the same whether it’s in boxing or in football. It’s just in boxing it’s small, repetitive blows but maybe spread over many years and almost daily in its occurrence.” Robert Lee, U.S. Boxing Commission president, says, “The past year, 1982, has been filled with controversy with all too many people calling for a ban on boxing. Yet how many of these same people call for a ban on high-injury sports such as skiing, football, hang-gliding, auto racing, scuba diving or mountain climbing?”
1983, June 12: “Boxing and The Brain,” by David Noonan, New York Times. News analysis discusses the following: boxing hearings and debate; medical literature since 1928 and physiology of brain injury; child fighters such as a 13-year-old who died of brain injury; concepts of safer boxing like “body punching”; noticeable speech difficulties of boxing great Muhammad Ali, age 41; and Dr. Ira R. Casson, a Long Island neurologist conducting a study series on boxers who would later work for the NFL. The known permanent brain damage of boxing includes “a clinically diagnosed condition called dementia pugilistica, also knows as chronic encephalopathy of boxers and best known as punch-drunk syndrome,” Noonan writes. “As the information about chronic encephalopathy in boxers has accumulated over the years, several distinct clinical symptoms and their apparent pathological causes have been identified.” Casson—who someday would lead NFL studies on brain injury—views radiological imaging of Ali’s brain, for Sports Illustrated, and says, “That’s the kind of CAT scan that I’ve seen in a number of former and long-term boxers.”
1983, June 20: “Doctors Debate What To Do About ‘The Sweet Science,’ ” by Brenda C. Coleman, The Associated Press. News report discusses AMA proposal to eliminate publicly funded boxing, convention debate over the proposal, a new study that finds repeated blows causes brain damage in boxers, and similar research on college football players. “Any sport whose objective is to injure another human being is an abomination,” says internist Dr. William F. Dowda. “There’s absolutely no moral justification for a sport that condones a brain concussion.” Differing viewpoints were heard on convention floor, including from Dr. Russell H. Patterson, Jr., AMA official and chairman of the American Association of Neurological Surgeons [AAN], who says research shows brain damage is “not a problem” among amateur boxers. “Patterson also pointed to a study of 11 Eastern colleges that showed the incidence of accumulated head injury in football was at least as high as in boxing,” Coleman reports.
1983, June 23: “AMA Delegates: Ban Amateur Boxing,” no byline, Washington Post. News report discusses debate over the formal AMA call to eliminate boxing in municipal leagues, schools, colleges and more government entities such as the military, along with establishing federal regulation of professional boxing. “The AMA’s action comes at a time of increased interest in boxing regulation following the death last November of South Korean fighter Duk Koo Kim of head injuries…,” The Post reports. “I think their [AMA delegates’] position is unreasonable,” says Sig Rogich, chairman of the Nevada State Boxing Commission. “I think if they’re going to categorize risk factors in boxing as a professional sport, then they should use the same philosophy with other sports.”
1984, May 7: “Concussion Routine in Other Sports; Boxing Safety Praised,” by James Christie, Toronto Globe and Mail. Commentary discusses the following: growing outrage over boxing, led by doctors who want downsizing or bans in America, Canada and Britain; Canadian measures for “reasonably safe” boxing, including sidelining knocked-out fighters for 30 to 60 days; and need for concussion protocol in other sports, particularly tackle football. “This is one of the biggest problems we’ve had at the university level,” says Dr. Bruce Stewart, neurologist and medical director of the Ontario Athletics Commission. “People get knocked out routinely in football, get revived and could be back in for the next series of plays. What this does is demonstrate to me that in boxing we’re being properly cautious about the welfare of our athletes.”
1986, Nov. 7: “Johns Hopkins Begins Boxing Study,” no byline, The Associated Press. News report discusses pending research, a four-year study of amateur boxers and football players in select cities, for assessing brain damage among control groups and evaluating neuropsychological [NP] testing for possible method of early detection. “A 14-member research team will travel to three or four cities in the South, Southwest and Eastern seaboard to locate boxers, football players and youths in the same age group as the athletes who do not play contact sports and can serve as controls in the study,” The AP reports. “Col. Don Hull, the president of the USA Amateur Boxing Federation, said information gathered from the study will be important to all amateur sports.” Dr. Walter Stewart, epidemiologist at The Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, says, “We are going to collect data and let the chips fall where they may.”
1986, Nov. 10: “The Agony Must End,” by Paul Zimmerman, Sports Illustrated. News analysis discusses NFL injuries that “continue at an unacceptable rate,” including “fractures, concussions and bruises that play havoc with America’s No. 1 sport.” While some football-funded researchers claim a safer tackle game at hand, designed to reduce head and spinal injuries in particular, the armored, high-speed violence of pro football—collisions administered and absorbed, impacts head to toe, and other physical stresses that discombobulate—is unprecedented danger for the SI writer Zimmerman, a former college player and game historian, and Miami Dolphins head coach Don Shula. “Some of the collisions I’ve seen are really severe,” Shula says. “I’ve been happy for quite a while to be on the sidelines.” Zimmerman has interviewed numerous muscle dopers in the NFL and NCAA, and blames anabolic steroids and other powerful prescription drugs, like pain-killing shots and pills, for bloodshed in the modern game. “The result is higher-speed collisions by larger people, a ferocity of hitting never before seen in football or any other sport,” Zimmerman writes.
1987, Feb. 26: “Boxing Doctor Says Peril Exaggerated; Other Sports Said Riskier as Brain Study Launched,” by Al Sokol, Toronto Star. News analysis discusses the following: boxing controversy as medical associations recommend downsizing or banning the sport; measures for less risky or safer amateur boxing; danger of tackle football, and a Johns Hopkins longitudinal study on young boxers that includes American football players as a control group. “The stand against boxing taken by both the AMA and the Canadian Medical Association comes partly from the intuitive sense that getting hit in the head by a punch is not healthy and partly from a growing body of scientific evidence,” Sokol writes. Dr. George Ginter, a Kentucky anesthesiologist and pro boxer, says, “I totally disagree with the American Medical Association’s stand regarding the neurological damage resulting from boxing. College and pro football rank higher than boxing in terms of causing long-term disabilities.” But Boston neurosurgeon Dr. Robert Cantu supported the AMA perspective, as vocal opponent of boxing and staunch football advocate himself, promoting ideas and rhetoric of “safer” tackle football in America—and destined to someday lead an NFL-funded research team verifying brain damage in deceased football players, teens and older. Commenting on boxing in 1987, Cantu dismisses touted measures of “safer” pugilism. “A doctor at ringside is like a priest at a hanging,” Cantu says. “Neither improves the safety of the event.”
1989, March 9: “Boxing Causing Dozens of Military Hospitalizations Yearly, Study Finds,” by Brenda C. Coleman, The Associated Press. News report discusses debate over injuries in Army boxing and research, which finds head injuries responsible for 68 percent of hospitalizations in the military sport. “Evidence that boxing produces irreversible brain damage is now as indisputable as the link between cigarette smoking and lung cancer,” the researchers state. Navy boxing coach Emerson Smith disagrees, as chairman of a safety committee overseeing amateur fighting. “Since they have mandated gloves and headgear that we did research on for all boxing programs in the United States, the injury statistics are far, far less than probably all your contact sports,” Smith said. “In football, you have the kids that are paralyzed, the kids that die. I don’t believe there’s any high school or college… where you have contact sports where you’ll eliminate all serious injury.”
1989, March 10: “Boxing Safety Studies Disagree,” by Steve Woodward, USA Today. News report discusses conflicting outcomes in studies on brain risks of young boxers, with results of research commissioned by the U.S. Amateur Boxing Federation portraying the sport in “safer terms” than the Johns Hopkins study, published by JAMA. Boxing advocates questioned the number of brain injuries cited in the JAMA article, suggesting it too high and wondering if many study subjects were unfit to box in the first place. Johns Hopkins researcher Dr. Walter Stewart responds thusly: “Clearly I would say that some people should not be boxing, just as some should not be playing football.”
1990, May 22: “Head-High Tackles: How Long Can Footy Have Them?” no byline, London Herald. News analysis discusses Britain’s boxing controversy and increasing concern for brain injuries across contact sports, particularly rugby or Australian Rules football, where some clubs already employed “baseline” NP testing. “Boxing people, when confronted with the claim that their sport is unreasonably dangerous, inevitably point the finger straight at [rugby] football as a sport more likely to give an athlete brain damage,” The Herald states. Rugby officials rebuke the allegations, noting their safety measures and declaring relative few concussions occur. An anonymous neurosurgeon, identified as a former rugby player, says high hits were the single threat and could be outlawed by new rules. “The real problem in Australian Rules is not the normal game; it’s the excessive violence and shirtfronts. As long as everyone does things sensibly and the king-hits are kept out of football, the risks are minor.”
1991, Jan. 19: “Jabs Cause The Brain Damage,” no byline, South Australian Advertiser. Aussie news commentary discusses the following: boxing as gladiatorial sport in western civilization, violence as public spectacle or popular culture; apparent Parkinson’s symptoms in Muhammad Ali; crystallizing medical consensus that repetitive, sub-concussive blows cause long-term cognitive impairment; and injury comparisons, boxing and other activities such as American football. “The controversy over boxing is fueled more by emotional and moral questions than by any overwhelming death toll,” the Advertiser piece opines. “Even though more than 300 professional boxers have died in the past 20 years, a recent American survey put its fatality rate at .13 boxers per 1,000 participants—compared with .3 for college football [players], 1.1 for scuba divers, 5.1 for mountaineers, 5.6 for hang gliders, 12.3 for sky divers, and 12.6 for horse racing [jockeys]. The recorded [boxing] injury rate also is low. In the United States a two-year study of 6,000 amateur boxing bouts revealed an injury rate of 1.43 percent, compared to a rate of 4.75 percent for professional boxing and 46 percent for high school football, a figure which would probably translate quite comfortably to Australian Rules or rugby in Australia.”
1992, December 7: “Toon Out,” by Albert Kim, Sports Illustrated. News report discusses sudden retirement of NFL receiver Al Toon and his “postconcussion syndrome,” other cases of severe brain injuries in pro football, and ever-increasing awareness within the sport of potential long-term dysfunction for casualties. “Although there is no evidence to show that concussions [in football] can lead to permanent brain damage, most medical experts believes that repeated blows to the head can have dire consequences,” Kim reports. Richard Weiss, team doctor for the Buffalo Bills, says, “Think about boxing. Suffering a large number of concussions over a period of years more than likely leaves some permanent residue.” The “normally articulate and quick-witted” Toon, as Kim describes, is subdued, groggy and suffering memory loss a few weeks following his ninth diagnosed concussion in eight NFL seasons. “There are some inherent dangers in playing football…,” Toon says. “But when you get something like this [concussion syndrome], you’ve got to take it more seriously. You’ve got to think past just, Can I play on Sunday?”
1994, Jan. 28: “Neurologist Discusses Concussions on The Gridiron,” by Noah Adams, All Things Considered[transcript]. National Public Radio show discusses growing attention to concussions football as Super Bowl nears, including public speculation of long-term brain damage to players, with interview of Dr. Peter Tsairis, team neurologist for the New York Giants. “Are there retired players who… have permanent damage because they had too many concussions?” Adam poses to Tsairis, concluding the show. “I don’t know how many of these players go on to develop dementia,” replies the Giants doctor, “which is a term that we use where there’s permanent structural change on a molecular level to the—to the brain that they cannot remember certain things, when they lose their memory. And you see this a lot in boxers who’ve gone on after their years in boxing and developed dementia problems. We don’t have that much experience with football players who’ve had multiple concussions. I don’t know of any article that’s been written on the subject. I know it’s been done with boxers, but not with football players.”
1994, Jan. 28: “That’s Enough for Buffalo Linebacker Cornelius Bennett,” no byline, Agence France Presse. International news report discusses injuries for Super Bowl teams, including Dallas quarterback Troy Aikman’s widely publicized memory loss of a concussion sustained during the previous week’s NFC title game. The report states: “When told a boxing trainer would suggest six weeks of rest after a concussion, Aikman said, ‘Did you tell him I have a Super Bowl to win? I’m not given the luxury of waiting til then.’ ” Jim Kelly, Bills quarterback, admits “second thoughts” about his brain injuries, especially given the decades of publicized concussions to NFL quarterbacks. “I’ve had six or eight of them and it’s a scary, scary feeling,” Kelly says. “You don’t know where you are at. The emptiness in your mind, let alone your gut, comes when you wake up trying to figure out why everybody is staring at you. It makes you wonder, ‘Is the game worth it?’ But it is.”
1994, Oct. 29: “Illinois Firm Gives Aikman New Protection,” by Lorraine Kee, St. Louis Post-Dispatch. News commentary discusses star names who’ve suffered concussions in NFL, past and present—including Toon, Merrill Hoge, Roger Staubach, Harry Carson, Joe Montana, Aikman—and a doctor’s linking football to boxing for brain trauma and damage. “Of course, concussions aren’t news to these guys [NFL players],” Kee writes. Aikman says, “You have to be somewhat concerned by concussions, but it’s something you just have to deal with. I don’t want it to get out of hand. I want to live a normal life after pro football.” Dr. Kenneth R. Smith, neurosurgeon at St. Louis University Hospital, says, “It’s kind of like boxing injuries; if you get knocked out a lot of times, your brain will eventually have some diseased process going on. Usually, when the natural nerve cells die, they do not recover.” The specialist adds that multiple impacts to head and spine “could produce a permanent injury and a whole series of these could lead to a possible degeneration later on in life.”
1994, Nov. 1: “Not Just Boxers [Who] Can’t Answer The Bell,” by Stephen Brunt, Toronto Globe and Mail. Canadian news commentary identifies hypocrisy in supporters of tackle football, including American neurologists, who condemn boxing for brain damage while claiming to see little or none in their nationalistic collision sport. “Professional boxing exists on the verge of extinction…,” Brunt writes. “What is thriving, though, is the greatest sports-entertainment complex in the world, the game that owns Sunday afternoons, NFL football. … What’s the difference between that and being knocked out in a boxing match?” Brunt notes lengthy layoff for concussed athletes in boxing, unlike football, where “after a quick whiff of smelling salts” the injured return to contact, then the writer poses: “Does a 300-pound lineman making full, head-to-head contact have as much brain-jarring impact as a perfectly timed blow delivered with a gloved fist? You’d have to think so. Does the football helmet offer sufficient protection? Obviously not sufficient to prevent players from routinely having their bell run… And when that same helmet becomes the top of a projectile hurtling through space, it also contributes to the damage done.” Football supporters criticized boxing for intent to injure, implying sanctity of their sport, but “watch [NFL lineman] Bruce Smith bearing down on [quarterback] Joe Montana,” Brunt intones, “and then try to convince anyone that his purpose is anything other than doing as much damage as possible. Just as in boxing, there is a direct reward for disabling a foe…” In conclusion, Brunt heckles American medicine and science for obvious see-no-evil perspective regarding NFL dangers: “So where is the AMA now, why isn’t professional football being cast as the last refuge of barbarianism, the way boxing is? Probably because football is not a fringe activity run by the Don Kings of the world, but a mainstream colossus. Probably because football is so tied to corporate and academic institutions and is run by bright, white lawyers. … Probably because the same people who would be doing the condemning have a brother or father or son who has at some level been involved in the game. In other words, probably because of divisions of taste, and class, and money—not [violent] content.”
1994, Nov. 5: “Staff Is Ready for Severe Hits: Impact of Concussions Isn’t Lost on Vikings Doctors,” by Curt Brown,Minneapolis Star Tribune. News report discusses concussion awareness in an NFL franchise, including for symptoms like headache, blurred vision and memory loss, knowledge expanding among medical staff, coaches and players of an NFL team in 1994—tumultuous year of publicized brain-injury cases for the league, especially of star quarterbacks flattened on television. “If I could give players any advice, I’d say don’t ignore the signs,” says Hoge, a year after retiring for multiple concussions, such as the re-bleed or “second impact” brain injury that rendered him comatose, hospitalized in ICU. A concussion “can clear up and you can function normally,” Hoge continues. “But that doesn’t mean you’re right. This is messing with your brain. You can damage your life. You can go into a coma. You can even die from it.” Longtime Vikings team physician Dr. David Fischer says: “Perhaps awareness has been heightened with fans and players, but our medical staff has always been fairly sensitive to post-concussion syndrome.” Research remains fledgling regarding long-term effects of brain impacts football, with the NFL just committing itself to studies, but some 65 years of medical literature continues documenting brain damage of boxing, like “chronic encephalopathy,” through cellular pathology of deceased athletes and longitudinal study of the living—and the Vikings doctor knows as much, among several NFL team physicians speaking publicly. “In boxing, surely we’ve seen how repetitive head trauma can cause all types of long-term problems,” Fischer says. “But how many blows it takes, what severity over length of time, we don’t know. Dennis Green, Vikings head coach, says, “Concussions are not new to football, but we have a fair understanding of when a guy is safe to return and when he isn’t. It’s up to the doctor if he can or can’t go.”
1994, Nov. 20: “Dazed and Confused: Merril Hoge and Other Veterans Are Finding Out Why Concussions Have Become Serious Head Games,” by Jerry Crasnick, Denver Post. News analysis discusses the following: brain concussion as “the most highly publicized injury of the 1994 season”; NP testing’s employ around the league, along with balance assessment of players, more intuitive methods to detect concussion symptoms; widespread concern, or talk, for guarding against dreaded “SIS,” second-impact syndrome; rhetoric on brain damage of tackle football; NFL concussion tracking and data compiled annually at the University of Iowa; and insider agreement that modern football is highly dangerous, with large, helmeted athletes sprinting and colliding in open field. “Sometimes the damage the brain sustains is permanent…,” Hoge says. “Twenty years down the line they can’t come in and give you a new joint. It’s irreversible.” Cris Collinsworth, former NFL player turned TV commentator, says: “Once you get out of football, you look back and say, ‘I can’t believe I ever did that.’ It’s insane. My wife tells me all the time that she’s glad I don’t play anymore.” Greg Aiello, NFL director of communications, says league rate of concussions isn’t changing despite public spotlight on the issue. “Obviously, it’s something we’d like to reduce,” Aiello says. “But if all the media attention suggests there’s been a sudden increase in concussions, that’s inaccurate.”
1994, Dec. 19: “The Worst Case—Doctors Warn That Repeated Concussions Can Lead to Permanent Brain Dysfunction,” by Michael Farber, Sports Illustrated. This news analysis of the time’s most-read sports magazine discusses football brain trauma and potential or known brain damage in players of the American game, particularly in the NFL. “People are missing the boat on brain injuries [in football],” says neurologist Dr. James P. Kelly. “It isn’t just cataclysmic injury or death from brain injuries that should concern people. The core of the person can change from repeated blows to the head.” Farber writes: “Some [NFL] veterans have gone through the neuropsychological sideline drills so often that even new concussion can’t make them forget.” Farber reports: “On Dec. 9, [Jets team internist Dr. Elliot] Pellman, Dr. Andy Tucker of the Cleveland Brows and Dr. Ira Casson, a New York neurologist, met with league officials, including commissioner Paul Tagliabue, to discuss concussions and suggest ways to cut down on their frequency.” Elsewhere, Dr. Cantu, neurosurgeon and NCAA-funded researcher of catastrophic brain and spinal injuries in American football, blames players who do not employ “proper contact” or “proper technique” for impacts—or Cantu’s controversial theory for colliding in the modern game without using heads, by avoiding contact of high-tech helmets built for ramming without skull fracture, but incapable of preventing brain trauma: “We know that people who have a concussion tend to have more concussions,” Cantu says. “Why? Two logical reasons. The first is that certain people can take a blow better than others; you see that in boxing all the time. But of equal, if not more, importance is how you play the sport [football]. If you keep playing like a kamikaze, if you tackle with your head, there’s more of a chance of being concussed than if you block or tackle with the shoulders.” Neuropsychologist Ken Kutner, PhD, says lingering “postconcussion syndrome” is more widespread among active and former players than is generally believed: “I counsel several [New York] Giants, past an present, but they don’t want their names known,” Kutner says. Meanwhile, Dr. Joe Maroon, Steelers surgeon, sees the possibility that football players could suffer “cumulative effect” from concussions, but Dr. Joe Torg doesn’t, Eagles doctor: “I know of no football player who has had residual neurological impairment from repeated insults to the head,” Torg says.
1995, March 4: “Don’t Ban Boxing—Just Make It Safer,” by Joan Ryan, San Francisco Chronicle. News commentary discusses tenants of so-called safer boxing designed to save the blood sport from extinction or banishment, including “scientific” or finesse punching, larger gloves, stringent selection and review of referees, and stringent medical restrictions for fighters, assuring their fitness. “Don’t let them in the ring if they don’t belong there. You’d reduce about 85 percent of the problems,” says neuropsychologist Matthew Bowen, who boxed as an amateur. Former heavyweight champion Mike Tyson doesn’t care about a person he faces in the ring: “I try to catch my opponent by the tip of his nose,” Tyson says, “because I try to punch the bone into his brains.” Ryan, the pundit and confessed boxing fan, comments that “in the wake of yet another fighter leaving the ring on a stretcher with a blood clot in his brain, as happened to Gerald McClellan a week ago, I’m having a tough time arguing against those calling for drastic reforms or an outright ban of the sport.” However, “banning boxing altogether is unrealistic,” Ryan writes. “Plus, if we ban boxing for being too violent, we’d have to consider banning football, too. The incidences of flagrant violence have risen so high in the NFL that agent Leigh Steinberg recently gathered some of the country’s top brain doctors for a seminar with quarterback Steve Young, Troy Aikman, Warren Moon and other football clients who have sustained multiple concussions.”
1995, April 3: “Information That Should Make Their Heads Spin,” by Bill Plaschke, Los Angeles Times. News commentary discusses new NFL initiatives and proposals, fostering “increased research and awareness of football head injuries,” that include the following: establishing a league committee of experts for brain-injury research and recommendations for prevention; reviewing helmet technology and banning dangerous models; mandating all rookies undergo “baseline” NP assessment for concussion monitoring throughout their careers; and establishing a league-wide “concussion grading scale” and “testing” so injured players can be diagnosed and sidelined until recovery. “If boxing can have these worldwide standards and rules that can keep certain fighters out of danger, it would seem that football could, also,” says Dr. David A Hovda, neurosurgeon and consultant on boxing’s health reforms. “This is a problem that needs to be addressed and studied now.” Another neurologist agrees, Dr. Janet Chance, who says: “Head injuries [in football] are a huge problem, and a poorly understood problem. There are some questions here that absolutely need to be answered.” But Dr. Elliot J. Pellman, Jets team doctor and chairman of the new NFL concussion committee, is unsure about for rapid progress because of monetary expense, time constraint and internal resistance: “Players run the show. If they don’t want to do something, it’s not going to happen,” Pellman says. “We suggest these things and owners are going to look at us like, What difference does this make?” Plaschke states: “It is this sort of attitude that may eventually drive an ex-player to his grave from Alzheimer’s disease. Many doctors now believe this occurs more frequently in those who have suffered multiple concussions.” The writer concludes: “The players still don’t scare and the owners still don’t care. You wonder what has to happen before they do.”
1995, Oct. 20: “A No-Brainer: Football Leads to Concussions: Al Toon Will Attest That Symptoms Can Remain for Years,” by T.J. Simers, Los Angeles Times. News profile discusses life for former NFL receiver Al Toon with post-concussion syndrome, three years after football retirement, as he still experiences problems such as “emotional volatility.” Toon, a successful businessman, says, “There was a time when I thought of suicide. The act itself was never considered, but life was very frustrating.” Toon says there are more former players like him: “Very, very commonplace. You play the game of football, people get hit in the head. It’s no fluke.” Dr. Daniel Kelly, neurosurgeon at UCLA, believes that concussion management, if effective, would likely sideline many more players than what occurs, and for longer: “There are a lot of things we do not know yet, but the simplest thing would be to have [diagnosed concussed] players sit out a month,” Kelly says. “Of course, if you did that, you would probably have the quarterback, the running back and the tight ends sitting on the bench.” Leigh Steinberg, sports agent, says: “We won’t know for years what that impact of this will be. We may have an epidemic of Alzheimer’s and attendant problems 20 years from now with some of these players.”
1996, July 9: “Concussion Potentially Most Dangerous Sport Injury: Blows to The Head Cause Brain Damage and The More Hits an Athlete Takes The More Chance of Permanent Injury: Little Research Conducted on Returning After Concussions,” by Shaun Powell, Newsday, New York, reprinted in Canada by The Vancouver Sun. In-depth news report discusses problems of concussion and more brain injury among athletes, young and old, including the following: no “firm” RTP protocol among various approaches for treating the concussed, disagreement marked by no consensus in defining the condition, and wide opinions regarding length of time needed for complete recovery; woeful injury reporting in American football, all levels, especially for subpar concussion diagnosis and recording overall; skull-preserving helmets that cannot prevent brain trauma while likewise encouraging head-on collisions; brain disease such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s in former athletes of contact sports; mounting adverse research findings for contact sports, especially tackle football. “The attention given head injuries in recent years has put the sports world on alert and confirms the fears of medical experts. The concussion finds itself at the forefront of sports injuries,” Powell reports. “We are years behind when it comes to brain injury and what we can do to diagnose it and take care of it,” says Jets internist Dr. Elliot Pellman, chairman of the recently minted NFL Committee on Mild Traumatic Brain Injury. For Hall of Fame quarterback Roger Staubach, concussions figured “in my decision to retire,” he says, estimating he sustained 18 to 20 in football from high school to the NFL.
1996, Oct. 31: “Experts Warn of Brain Damage,” by Sabin Russell, San Francisco Chronicle. News analysis discusses concussions suffered by the 49ers’ star quarterback Steve Young, growing medical opinion that football’s brain dangers are underestimated, and continued speculation on brain damage of postconcussion syndrome and/or multiple concussions in football. “The risk of serious brain injury with a concussion is very, very low. But when it does happen, it is very severe,” says Dr. Gordon Matheson, Stanford professor of sports medicine. “In the scheme of things, they [concussions] may be very minor. But they may also affect a player over the long haul,” says neurologist Dr. Janet Chance. Russell reports: “Dr. Lawrence Pitts, a University of California at San Francisco neurosurgeon, said ongoing neuropsychological surveys of athletes will ultimately determine whether or not repeated concussions cause permanent damage. Although there is ample [research] evidence that boxers can be permanently damaged in their sport… no one can claim football players have a similar problem. ‘It is very uncommon to see a football player knocked unconscious,’ he said. ‘In boxing, it’s a different matter.’ ”
1996, Nov. 15: “Concussion Policy Should Be A No-Brainer,” by Paul Woody, Richmond Times Dispatch. News analysis discusses controversial segment of concussion “return to play” protocols, length of layoff for the injured athlete, a sidelining that could be minutes in football or months in boxing. Woody notes that 49ers quarterback Steve Young suffered two diagnosed concussions within 15 days, prompting the question whether the NFL star came back too soon, or dangerously, following the initial brain trauma, continuing: “In boxing in Virginia and most states, a fighter who even takes a technical knockout must wait 30 days before boxing again. If there is a knockout [unconsciousness], the boxer’s waiting period is 60s days.” But the NFL dismisses such boxing RTP protocol for the concussed in pro football, while apparently speaking for football at-large, juvenile and college levels that will follow same philosophy: “We have a committee of team and outside doctors who have been meeting and studying concussions for the past two years,” says NFL spokesman Greg Aiello. “They say it doesn’t make sense to have a rule to keep a player out for a specified period of time. Concussions are too complex. They have to be considered on a case-by-case basis.” An independent analyst disagreed, Dr. Michelle Miller, Virginia Commonwealth University Medical School, who believed boxing RTP parameters should be adopted by football: “I don’t know that it’s coming any time in the future, but it’s needed,” she says.
1996, Dec. 1: “Heady Concerns: Concussions No Longer Comedic Material in NFL,” by Jonathan Rand, Kansas CityStar. News analysis discusses multiple concussions to star NFL quarterbacks Troy Aikman and Steve Young, and insider perspective on potential brain damage of football players, related to boxing, by Dr. Joseph Waekerle, Chiefs team physician, member of NFL concussion committee, and renowned trauma-care specialist. “It’s a big problem because football has approximately 250,000 concussions every year,” Waekerle says. “One in every five high school players has a concussion on a yearly basis. Now, we’re beginning to understand the potentially serious effects of concussions, especially repeated concussions.” Noting conclusions about second-impact syndrome or brain re-bleeding and susceptibility for multiple concussions, Waekerle says: “The third [vulnerability] is the chronic thing—all this becomes cumulative. A great example would be a boxer. That may occur to other professional athletes who suffer many concussive syndromes.”
1996, Dec. 20: “Heads, You Lose: Football Concussions Hit Players at All Levels,” by Angelo Bruscas, Seattle Post-Intelligencer. News analysis discusses concussion debate in football, talking points to endure decades into future, including in regard to cultural awareness, modern helmets, risk-taking athletes, soft concussion definition, and gigantic athletes. “The whole subject of concussions has been taken way too lightly,” says Leigh Steinberg, sports agent who’s organized educational seminars for players and encouraged media to cover of the issue. “When Monday Night Football opens with two helmets crashing together and when videos of hardest hits are huge sellers, there’s a level at which concussions are glamorized and the subject is treated as fun without a consciousness of real ramifications.” Pediatrician Dr. Stephen Rice believes football’s ever-increasing sizes and modern equipment create action of terrible risks and casualties, by emboldening players to act as missiles like never before: “Did all this happen before and we were just missing it all? … Now you could run into a steel wall and nothing would happen to you. … In the days when players wore only leather helmets without facemasks, no one struck people with their heads. There was no protection.” Rice notes the fact modern helmets do not prevent concussion “because the helmet doesn’t stop the brain from moving around inside the skull.”
1997, Jan. 1: “QB Concussions: A Heady Issue,” by Thomas Boswell, Washington Post. News commentary discusses NFL brutality ravaging quarterbacks, suggesting football stars could end up punch-drunk permanently, and endorses controversial countermeasure to arbitrarily monitor tackler intent and punish “cheap-shot” or “dirty” hits. “This season, football’s been getting its bell rung with regularity,” Boswell writes. “Every time a popoular quarterback gets his brain scrambled the game suffers a blow, too. As our gridiron heroes reach middle age, do we want them to remind us of addled boxing pugs? Do we want Troy Aikman to tremble like Muhammad Ali or Danny Wuerffel to be as bizarre and bitter as Joe Frazier?” Boswell reports a coach’s allegation of bounty-type hits on Wuerffel, star quarterback at University of Florida: “Obviously [Florida State] had some late hits [on Wuerffel],” says UF coach Steve Spurrier. “Obviously they could have pulled off. The intent of the hits was a little different than the other teams we play. Obviously somebody told them to try to knock him out of the game.” Spurrier suggests responsibility lies with the Florida State “coaching staff.”
1997, June 10: “Carson’s Crusade Begins, Puts Focus on Head Injuries,” by Randy Lange, Bergen Record. News profile discusses cognitive and emotional struggles of former All-Pro Giants linebacker Harry Carson, who’s become one of the first players, like Al Toon, to openly discuss his post-concussion dysfunction and dark thoughts such as suicide. “A lot of players are hesitant to talk about the brain and being brain-damaged. It’s one of those things you don’t want to be associated with,” Carson says. “I think probably there are a whole bunch of players walking around who are experiencing mood swings and sensitivity to bright lights and loud noises, who are having headaches, and a whole host of other symptoms. … There was a time where I was depressed about it, and bad thoughts came to my head. I didn’t know what was going on, and I didn’t have anybody to talk to. Suicide? I thought about it. I was living but I didn’t have a life. My head was kind of in a fog. My daughter Asia kept me up. I told myself, ‘You do that, what’s going to happen to her?’ ”
1997, July 13: “‘Iron Mike’ Webster Works on Strategy for Health Since Retirement; He Has Struggled With Troubles,” by Terry Shropshire, Akron Beacon Journal. News profile discusses the Hall of Fame lineman’s descent into increasingly publicized problems after retiring from the NFL, including poor health, debt, pending divorce and homelessness. “As good as times got, they got bad,” says Pam Webster, estranged wife of the Steelers great. “We’ve gone through times where we didn’t have enough money for toilet paper. There were times we didn’t have heat in the house. … Mike has always been a loner by nature. But there were times that people should have been there for him.” Mike Webster says: “I lived in the car for about a year and a half out of the last five years. … My issues are my issues and I’ll handle my issues.” Doctors speculate Webster suffers from congestive heart failure, but he and others worry about his brain, possible symptoms of post-concussive syndrome or Parkinson’s. “He’s really had trouble concentrating and focusing on certain things in order to function at an optimum level,” says Dr. Jerry Carter, personal physician. Webster acknowledges mind disturbances: “Some of the things I think about, horrify me,” he says.
1997, Sept. 22: “Use Your Head,” by Joan Ryan, The Sporting News. News analysis discusses NFL forces keeping brain-injured players on the football field, beginning with competitive intent of both the player and his team, such as the controversial case of 49ers quarterback Steve Young. “It’s tough for someone like Steve to sit out when he feels fine,” says Leigh Steinberg, the star’s agent. “But you don’t know how much long-term damage you’re causing by continuing to play. Maybe it’ll cause Alzheimer’s. Maybe senility.” Dr. Larry Bedard, of the American College of Emergency Physicians, doubts effectiveness of so-called concussion management and RTP in sports: “[Concussions] tend to be misdiagnosed and minimized. Athletes are trained to tough it out. But there may be no such thing as a mild concussion.”
1999, Nov. 21: “NFL players roughed up to know it hurts,” by Bill Gleason, South Bend Tribune. News commentary discusses postconcussion syndrome and the multiple concussions suffered by “punch-drunk” NFL players, while quoting football writer Jerry Magee, who recently endorsed boxing’s lengthy layoff for such athletes in his column for Pro Football Weekly. “It also must be said that boxing, for all its abuses, is more mindful of the well-being of its participants than is the NFL,” Magee states. “In Nevada a boxer who is knocked out cannot fight again for at least 45 days. In the NFL quarterbacks or players at any position who suffer concussions can play again within days. On a recent Monday evening, there was Troy Aikman quarterbacking the Dallas Cowboys only eight days after suffering the sixth concussion of his year. Many people who cover the NFL for newspapers, radio, and TV are around NFL players who are suffering through ‘post-concussion syndrome.’ ”
1999, Dec. 10: “A Hard-Headed NFL Makes for Soft Skulls,” by Tim Green, USA Today. Guest news commentary by former NFL player discusses regular concussions in the league and endorses mouthpieces for helping prevent brain trauma, while noting longtime nicknames for head-injured players include “cardboard head” and, for those exhibiting lasting impairment and susceptibility, “paper head.” Green writes: “I’m not such a paper head as to think that mouthpieces will eliminate concussions. They help. And, if the NFL is as serious about safety as I think, there will be fewer… cardboard heads.”
2000, May 15: “Trying to Leave Concussions’ Dark Ages: Neurologists start to take sports hits more seriously,” by James C. McKinley, Jr., New York Times. News analysis discusses continuing problems of non-uniform concussion diagnosis and return-to-play protocols in the NFL and sport at-large, noting that only in “the past 15 years” are neurologist beginning to understand brain trauma and “how multiple concussions can lead to permanent damage.” Mark R. Lovell, a Detroit neurologist serving on the NFL concussion committee who designs NP testing for teams, dismisses concussion guidelines by the American Academy of Neurology: “We don’t know whether being knocked out briefly is any more dangerous than having amnesia and not being knocked out,” Lovell says. “We see people all the time that get knocked out briefly and have no symptoms. Others get elbowed, go back to the bench and say, ‘Where am I?’ ” League committee chairman Dr. Elliot Pellman dismisses standard guidelines for all cases as nonsense amid hype about brain injury in football: “You really have to hope that the doctors who deal with this have a lot of experience with it, use the tools available and are not affected by the outside din,” Pellman says.
2000, September: “Lower Cognitive Performance of Older Football Players Possessing Apolipoprotein E4,” by Kenneth C. Kutner, David M. Erlanger, Julia Tsai, Barry Jordan, and Norman R. Relkin, Neurosurgery. Clinical study discusses possible genetic link to brain trauma and long-term damage in control groups involving 53 active “professional football players,” presumably of the NFL, and provides direction for priority research questions such as whether football impacts, both concussive and subconcussive, cause cerebral disease or what is known from boxing cases as CTBI, “chronic traumatic brain injury.” In review of literature available, the authors state: “To our knowledge, no previous published study has systemically evaluated the cognitive status of professional tackle football players. At least two different mechanisms may contribute to the development of chronic cognitive dysfunction in football players. First, cognitive impairment secondary to concussion may be cumulative. Football players occasionally experience concussive events through typical contact sport collisions, i.e., head-to-head, head-to-body, head-to-ground, and head-to-goal post collisions. Second, football players may experience subconcussive events through these same collisions during play and practice/training sessions. For professional boxers, CTBI has been associated more strongly with career length than with the number of knockouts and concussions, suggesting that subconcussive blows are an important primary environmental mechanism of neurological dysfunction.”
2001, April 17: “Concussions Make Stars See Retirement,” by Jonathan Rand, Kansas City Star. News analysis discusses retirement of Cowboys quarterback Troy Aikman, who sustained 10 diagnosed concussions in 12 NFL seasons, and includes comments by league medical officials on state of league knowledge or study in brain trauma of players, which the NFL contends typically clears in days to a week, outside exceptional cases like Aikman and fellow quarterback Steve Young. “For whatever reason, they take much longer to get better,” says Dr. Elliot Pellman, Jets internist and head of league brain committee and research. “You also notice the injuries they are getting are the result of lesser blows. … Why are these individuals more susceptible to post-concussion syndrome? You look at them and there’s no long-term damage. There’s no scientific evidence that can tell you they shouldn’t go back and play. Others say, ‘Even though I can’t prove it, intuitively there’s something wrong. You shouldn’t go back.’ What you see publicly is that debate going on.” Dr. Joseph Waeckerle, Chiefs physician and league committee member, says: “There’s no gold standard to diagnose concussions or predict whether someone will have another concussion.” Leigh Steinberg, agent for Aikman and Young, expresses frustration with the NFL’s “slow” pace for research and answers. “I think the years have not brought any greater focus. The denial by the NFL continues,” Steinberg says, urging standardized NP testing and development of concussion-resistant helmet technology. Pellman responds to Steinberg: “That’s a lawyer talking about medicine. I don’t think it’s ever that easy,” Pellman says. “I’d like to see better helmets and better equipment, and that’s the kind of work we’re trying to do now and are actively promoting to helmet manufacturers. But neither we [researchers] nor the NFL are helmet manufacturers.”
19281933AFCAAMAAmerican Football Coaches AssociationAmerican Medical AssociationAnn McKeeAssociated Pressattorneybehavior modificationBennet Omaluboxingbrain damagechronic traumatic brain injurychronic traumatic encephalopathyconcussionconservatismCTEdoctorDr. Don BradyDr. Lester Mayerseducationfootball coachingfootball injuriesform tacklingGlendaleHarrison Martlandhead upHeads Uphigh schoolinsurancelawsuitlawyerliabilitymedicineMike WebsterMorris FishbeinNCAAneurologyNFLpathologyPaul D. Andersonproper techniquepunch drunkquackeryRobert Fitzsimmonssafer footballsciencestadiumsubsidySuper BowlTBItraineryouth football
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Seth's Games
Game Diary
A card game based on Puerto Rico. The pack of 110 cards consists of production buildings (indigo, sugar, tobacco, coffee, and silver) and "violet" buildings that grant special powers or extra victory points. Cards from the hand can be either built or used as money to build something else. Cards from the deck are used to represent goods produced by the production buildings, in which case they are left face-down. A seven-card hand limit is enforced once per round.
In each round or governorship, each player in turn selects from one of the available roles, triggering an event that usually affects all players, such as producing goods or building. The person who picks the role gets a privilege, such as producing more goods or building more cheaply.
Though similar in concept to Puerto Rico, the game has many different mechanics. In particular, there are no colonists and no shipping of goods; goods production and trading are normally limited to one card per phase; and trades cannot be blocked.
Victory points are gained exclusively by building, and the game ends as soon as one player has put up 12 buildings.
Sequel to:
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BGG Rating
BGG Rank
2.2888 / 5
Eager to Play
In San Juan players are racing to achieve fame and fortune by building up the city of San Juan. The winner is decided when one player finishes building his 12th building. The player at the end of the game with the most victory points wins. Each round 5 actions are made available through the use of role placards; each role grants the same action to all players, and grants an additional privilege to the role owner. Each turn players must decide which action they want to take; however, once a role has been chosen it is unavailable until the next round. The actions vary from drawing cards, building, producing goods, and selling goods (which grant you more cards). The cards in San Juan function as three things, the building printed on the card, currency (used to build the building), or a good; this simple fact causes players to carefully weigh which buildings they want to construct, and which ones they are going to use as either goods or currency.
The game plays quickly and despite the simplicity of the rules there are some key decisions to make throughout the game. Choosing the right role at the right time, to either leverage the privilege or deny that privilege to other players, is the main player interaction mechanic, and the fulcrum of your strategy; however, since the cards you draw are random players will need to continually evaluate their strategy and adapt it based on their current circumstances. Beyond choosing which role to assume on your turn, players must carefully consider how to best use each card in their hand, as some cards must be spent (discarded) in order to win the game.
San Juan is not a deep thinking strategy game, instead it is a fast light-medium to medium strategy card game rewarding careful decisions and adaptability.
Eight plays
July 30, 2009 x2
It's about having fun.
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"Plus Ça Change.." 300 Block Of Kearny St. Retains Its Paramount Culinary Diversity Despite High Turnover
Plus ça change, plus c'est la même chose, say the French. "The more things change, the more they stay the same."
Six years ago I wrote about the culinary diversity of the 300 block of Kearny Street, a stretch chock-a-block with affordable lunch venues, suggesting (without contradiction) that it was the most culinarily diverse street in San Francisco. At the time I noted that there were 20 eateries in the mix, with Onigilly still in the works and the International Food Center not fully repopulated after its disasterous underground fire. Among these venues could be found 12 distinct national cuisines and additional sub-cuisines (Japanese ramen, curry and sushi venues, for example).
I also noted in that blog post that this stretch was a high-turnover area, but the turnover didn't impact the net diversity. I can also note that turnover has not resulted in noticeable gentrification. Since August of 2012, seven restaurants have closed, with all but one reopening with new tenants, and some then-vacant spaces have been filled in. Gone is the esteemed Cuban restaurant Paladar, only to be replaced by the equally liked Israeli casual food venue, Sababa. The International Food Center lost the block's only Chinese and Filipino lunch spots, but gained the Russian/Ukranian Pushkin, and a Turkish Cafe, The Sini, replaced a"New American" spot at 322 Kearny. Once again, the 300 bloclk of Kearny hosts 12 distinct national cuisines: American, Greek/Mediterranean, Hawaiian, Israeli, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Mexican, Russian/Ukranian, Thai, Turkish, and Vietnamese; to this can be added the stateless Asian favorite, a boba joint (Plentea) which the area lacked six years ago.
Here is the full list as of June 2018. As before, I have included the International Food Center, which has a mailing address of 320 Bush St,, but has a co-equal entrance at 316 Kearny St.
Ayola (327 Kearny St.) - Greek/Mediterranean
Baladie (337 Kearny St.) - Greek/Mediterranean
Banana House (321 Kearny St.) - Thai
Bibim Bar (316 Kearny St.) - Korean
Fleur de Sel (308 Kearny St.) - New American/Continental
Foundation Cafe (335 Kearny St.) - New Anerican
Freshroll (357 Kearny St.) - Vietnamese
L & L Hawaiian Barbecue (312 Kearny St.) - Hawaiian plate lunches
Muracci's Japanese Curry (307 Kearny St.) - Japanese curry
Onigilly (343 Kearny St.) - Japanese Onigiri
Pachino Trattoria and Pizzeria (318 Kearny St.) - Italian
Pao Jao (316 Kearny St.) - Japanese Dumplings and Ramen
Pasilla Mexican Grill (359 Kearny St.) - Mexican Grill
Pho Express (316 Kearny St.) - Vietnamese Pho
Plentea (341 Kearny St.) - Boba
Pushkin (316 Kearny St.) - Russian/Ukranian
Ramen Underground (356 Kearny St.) - Japanese Ramen
Sababa (329 Kearny St.) - Israeli
Super Duper Burgers (346 Kearny St.) American - Burgers
Taqueria Estrella (316 Kearny St.) - Mexican Taqueria
Tenmatsu (336 Kearny St.) - Japanese Takeout
Thainery (316 Kearny St.) - Thai
The Sini (322 Kearny St.) - Turkish
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Some Buzz About Buzzy Donahue On KPTZ Radio
Buzzy Donahue ca. 1965 and 2016. Her hair's grown a bit.
I hang out in a lively Facebook group called "San Francisco Remembered" where recently there were some musings about a North Beach institution from the Beat days onward, Clown Alley, noted for peerless charcoal grilled burgers and after hours celebrity crushes. (I once found myself waiting in line for a proletarian priced burger between Flip Wilson and Ahmad Jamal.) For nostalgia's sake, I decided to fish some snapshots taken at Clown Alley 50+ years ago from a shoebox for posting to the group. Among the ones I posted was of a woman in her late teens with a Clown Alley cheeseburger in her hand. There was no notation on the photo, but her identity was etched in my mind, because her girl companion had wasted no time in informing me that she was Buzzy Donahue, daughter of "Big Daddy" Tom Donahue. On the spot I decided I needed to immortalize her and the burger.
Tom Donahue? If you are too young or unread to know the name or remember the booming voice, you can bet your sweet patootie that you owe him a debt if you listen to popular music today . He is considered nothing less than "The father of Progressive Radio" for it was he who freed pop music from the shackles of Top 40 AM radio and moved it to the greener pastures of FM radio (which also owes him big time), instituting the "album cut format" with accompanying erudite banter. He was also a record producer (the Beau Brummels, Bobby Freeman and the Great Society) and a concert promoter (the Rolling Stones at the Cow Palace and the Beatles at Candlestick Park). If you can find it, read his 1967 Rolling Stone article "AM Radio Is Dead and Its Rotting Corpse Is Stinking Up the Airwaves." He died far too young. You can read about "Big Daddy" on Wikipedia, or here or here.
I was a little hesitant about posting the picture of Buzzy Donahue. In it she is looking into the camera with a displeased mien, somewhere between teen sullenness and an ur-"Don't bother me, I'm eating" take. Would she be pissed at the posting of the image if she saw it? Au contraire! She saw it, and not only did she not lecture me, she reposted the image on her own Facebook page and "Friended" me. Thanks to her jumping into my news stream, I found out she now hosts a weekly broadcast "The Buzzy Donahue Show" on KPTZ Public Radio in Port Townsend WA, just in time for me to hook into it. I found Buzzy's program a lovely and (mostly) soothing mix of Hawaiian (no, not Aloha Oe), jazz, folk, soft rock, and, for good measure, Buffalo Springfield's anthem for our time (and yours!), For What it's Worth. (Hey, how about a Phil Ochs cut next time, Buzzy?)
Check out Buzzy's sweet voice and sweeter playlists, Fridays from 9:30 to 11:00 on KPTZ-FM.
Port freaking Townsend, Washington, you say?
I once saw a poster on a phone pole about an upcoming "Psychic Fair" in San Francisco, upon which someone had scrawled "You don't have to be there to attend." It's 2018, dude, and so it is with radio. You don't need to be there physically or culturally to listen. For me, it was as simple as "Hey Google, Play KPTZ radio." If Siri or Alexa don't understand that, fire them and stream Buzzy live from KPTZ's website.
And throw her a posie. It's lonely in a small market FM radio station broadcast booth.
Posted by Gary Soup at 10:44 AM No comments: Links to this post
Cashless Food Trucks: Class-based Discrimination?
Long ago I became a booster of the Señor Sisig Filipino-Mexican fusion food truck's pioneering mission of promoting an under-represented cuisine, even though,unlike its nearest competitor, it did little cooking on-board but made its mark by finding novel ways of serving reheated food prepared off-site. I never begrudged bros Kidera and Payuma their cult following or the "Best Food Tuck" kudos their "more palatable" (read"no offal") sisig concoctions earned them. After all, they were flying the Filipino food flag high, and were part of a movement to gain Pinoy cuisine the respect it sorely lacked.
I was chagrined, however, when I passed by the Señor Sisig truck parked at its usual Ellis and Powell St. spot recently and noticed a sandwich board sign in its queuing area reading, in large letters, "NO CASH PAYMENTS ACCEPTED." The same signs, with nary a "Sorry" evident, were plastered on the side of the truck: The only explanation offered on the sign was that it was done to allow them to "focus more on the guest experience."
Some further elucidation was provided on SS's Instagram account, primarily related to the burden of counting cash and keeping accounts of it. They also mentioned reducing the possibility of theft, but the pedestrian activity and law enforcement presence are both so high at that location that such an occurrence seems unlikely. All reasons cited related to improving convenience for the vendor, not the customer. It goes without saying, too, that there is a cost to implementing a POS system, which gets passed on to the customers.
Señor Sisig serves an area hard by the Powell St. cable car turntable which has a significant population of street people who have to cobble together small amounts of cash to get a bite to eat, as well as many tourists who are loathe to go through the hassle of having their foreign credit cards vetted to purchase a sisig taco. For these groups, the truck's cashless system is at best an inconvenience, and at worst premeditated discrimination against cash-dependent people. In effect, it creates a two-tier caste system, the tech "haves" and the "have nots," with the latter group completely denied access to its services.
The United States long ago abandoned the Gold Standard and, as of yet, has not adopted the Silicon Standard. The Señor Sisig truck has a franchise to serve food for profit on a public street. As part of its franchise, it should be prohibited from discriminating against people who prefer to pay with coin of the realm.
Posted by Gary Soup at 10:15 PM No comments: Links to this post
Follow @GarySoup
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Gary Soup
Gary Soup is the nom de l'écran of Gary Stevens, a blogger, tweeter and sometimes poster to foodie web sites, usually blathering about Chinese food. He is a retired transport planner with an abiding interest in all aspects of Asian and other ethnic foods and their place in the world. He is married to a Shanghainese women who happens to be a good cook and consequently is well-grounded in Shanghainese "jia chang" cuisine. He is based in San Francisco, but spends as much time as he can in Shanghai and New York and can sometimes be seen prowling the streets of Montreal. He is the author of two articles on food in the guidebook "Urbanatomy: Shanghai" and has been a guest blogger for the Asian Art Museum on the food of Shanghai. He currently maintains two Blogger blogs, and posts to flickr and Instagram. Some earlier online efforts of Mr. Soup drift about the World Wide Web as cyberspace debris.
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GPBK Positions
New York Must Commit to 100% Clean Energy by 2030 – a Green New Deal By Mark Dunlea
By Daniella Liebling November 29, 2018
Hello Greens!
Stay tuned for our 2019 announcements of local meetings and statewide activities including Mark Dunlea’s Climate State of the State in early January.
In the meantime, please read and share this message from Mark!
New York Must Commit to 100% Clean Energy by 2030 – a Green New Deal
By Mark Dunlea
The United Nations last month announced that we have 12 years left for an emergency worldwide mobilization – unprecedented in human history – to halt the use of fossil fuels and eliminate greenhouse gas emissions. Failure to take such dramatic action increases the likelihood that human civilization as we presently know it will cease to exist. Floods, sea level rise, wildfires, heat waves and droughts will make parts of the planet uninhabitable. Climate refugees will likely be in the hundreds of millions. Support systems involving energy, food and water will break down, leading to wars over such resources. Hundreds of millions, if not billions, could die.
There is no indication that Governor Cuomo or state lawmakers take this threat seriously or that they are prepared to launch the needed effort. Climate change was ignored by Cuomo and most lawmakers in the recent election. It also continues to be largely ignored by the media. New York’s progress on meeting climate goals has been pitifully small. 16 years and three Governors after Pataki set some modest goals for renewable energy, New York has only added 4% of the state’s electricity coming from solar and wind.
We need New York to provide national leadership by enacting the strongest climate change agenda possible. That is the Off Fossil Fuels act, which would immediately halt all new fossil fuel infrastructure, transition to 100% clean renewable energy by 2030 (i.e., net zero greenhouse gas emissions), and require all new buildings to be at least net zero carbon emissions. (California just enacted the latter requirement while also requiring new buildings to be solar powered.)
The Act act not only requires the state to adopt an enforceable climate action plan with clear timelines and benchmarks, but for counties and local governments above 50,000 to do so as well.
The State also needs to take the simple but symbolic step of divesting its state pension fund from billions in fossil fuel investments as NYC recently agreed to do. A state carbon tax on polluters would help accelerate and pay for the transition to renewables. The Democrats and their closely aligned community organizations are poised to enact the Climate and Community Protection Act (CACP), a version of which has passed the Assembly since 2009. It builds upon an Executive Order issued by Governor Paterson. At least through 2030, the CACP largely seeks to put into law the Governor’s existing climate goals rather than improve them. It continues the traditional strategy of taking incremental steps that are seen as politically practical – rather than doing what is necessary to save life on the planet. It does not even call for the state to halt the development of fossil fuel infrastructure.
We witnessed a similar scenario eight years ago, when the Green Party picked up the call by grassroots activists to ban fracking of natural gas. The larger green groups dismissed a ban as imprudent, instead calling for a moratorium to study the issue. Fortunately, the grassroots had the numbers and the passion and eventually prevailed, with the big groups changing their position. One of the great things about taking climate action is that it has major positive impacts on jobs, health and electric bills – in addition to saving life on the planet. The only downside is for the fossil fuel companies – unless they move into renewable energy, efficiency or energy storage, as their own scientists urged them to do thirty years ago.
The NY Times Magazine recently devoted its entire Sunday edition to the proposition that life on the planet is doomed since we lacked the political leadership to take action to stand up to the fossil fuel companies. The NY Times may say game over but we say game on. We need average New Yorkers to step up and create that political will. Pope Francis was correct when in his climate treatise he said we could not solve climate change unless we also solved injustice, since it is the same mentality that allows the wealthy to exploit the poor that drives humanity to exploit the planet. We need to change our political and economic system, our values, to focus on meeting the needs of all not just enrich the wealthy.
We need to reject capitalism and adopt eco-socialism. Continuing to allow the private sector and their focus on maximizing profits to determine our energy future will never solve the climate crisis. For the last eight years we have campaigned for a Green New Deal to transform our energy systems while providing millions of new living wage jobs and eliminating the air pollution that kills millions worldwide.
The Green New Deal has received increased attention in the last year. It made national headlines recently when hundreds of climate activists with the Sunrise Movement held a sit-in in Cong. Nancy Pelosi’s office. Draft legislation by incoming Congress Member Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez calls for a ten-year transition to 100% clean power, with an accompanying committed to environmental and economic justice and public ownership and democratic control of our energy system.
We must push Governor Cuomo to make New York a true climate leader.
Mark Dunlea is the former Green Party candidate for State Comptroller and the chair of the Green Education and Legal Fund.
This article is also posted in online. https://www.timesunion.com/opinion/article/Mr-Cuomo-make-New-York-a-climate-leader-13410459.php
By Daniella Liebling November 9, 2018
Howie Hawkins – Green for Governor
www.howiehawkins.org
For Immediate Release: November 6, 2018
For More Info: Howie Hawkins, howie.hawkins@icloud.com, 315-425-1019 h, 315-200-6046 c
Michael O’Neil, michael@howiehawkins.org, 917-825-3562
Hawkins Declares Mission Accomplished As He Wins Ballot Status for Greens for Third Time in a Row
Howie Hawkins, the Green Party candidate for Governor, declared “mission accomplished” tonight as his vote total surpassed the 50,000 votes needed to maintain a ballot line for the Green Party in New York.
Hawkins successfully regained ballot status for the Greens in 2010 after they lost it in the 2002 election. In 2014, Hawkins won almost 5% of the vote, the highest vote total for an independent left party candidate for governor in New York history and the highest percentage since 1920. Today’s accomplishment is the first time that one candidate has won a ballot line for a third party for three consecutive gubernatorial elections in New York history.
“We have secured a Green Party ballot line in New York state for three consecutive elections by running our own candidates instead of running a major party candidate on our line. That’s a significant achievement in a system designed to create so-called third parties that merely function as extra ballot lines for the Democratic and Republican parties,” said Hawkins.
“But it’s too bad that corporate media gave Cuomo a free ride,” Hawkins continued. “They excluded the Greens from the news narrative of the primary and general elections. The Green alternatives to Cuomo’s terrible education, fiscal, transit, housing, and energy policies were not reported. Cuomo’s record was not subject to public debates because the corporate media succumbed to Cuomo’s dictates on debates. New York’s voters are the losers. They weren’t informed of all their options.”
Hawkins said that the Greens will now focus on organizing movements to push state government to adopt the popular demands the Greens campaigned for, including the New York Health Act for single-payer health care, fully-funding public schools, closing pro-developer loopholes in the expiring rent laws, tuition-free public college, and criminal justice and election reforms.
“The Greens will focus on passing the New York Off Fossil Fuels Act with the same intensity we put into winning the fracking ban in 2014,” Hawkins said. The NY OFF Act would block all new fracked-gas pipelines and power plants and build out a 100% clean energy system by 2030.
“The IPCC says we have 12 years left for a worldwide emergency mobilization to avoid climate collapse. We have already wasted 4 years since the Paris accord. The prognosis is bleak under either Democrats or Republicans,” said Green comptroller candidate Mark Dunlea.
“Our electoral efforts will now shift to local town, city and county races, where we can win more offices because it is harder for the pay-to-play money going to the Democrats and Republicans to beat local candidates who can go door-to-door to talk to voters,” Hawkins said.
Count Down To Election Day
With just a few days to go this is the time we need everyone to volunteer whenever and where ever they can.
Join Carmen Hulbert to give out literature at Trader Joe’s on Court Street Saturday and Sunday from 1p – 5p. Even if you could just spare an hour!
Contact Carmen at 347-277-3892
And you can always get some campaign literature and distribute in your neighborhood or subway stations. Contact Dani for literature and signs. dani@gpbk.org or 347-218-3107
Do you have an hour or two to spare on Election Day – Tuesday Nov 6? Polls show that many people do not decide who they will vote for until they are on their way to the polling site. You could make the difference for them to vote Hawkins/Lee Green Party.
Stock up on campaign literature and hit your local poll site. Busy times during the morning and evening rush are best but make it work with your schedule. Want to team up or stake out one of the high Green Party vote turn out polling sites? Contact Gloria at gloria@gpbk.org or 917-886-4538 for an assignment.
Join other Greens and supporters on Election night after the polls close to watch the results.
VOTE GREEN TUESDAY NOVEMBER 6th!!!!!!
By Daniella Liebling October 30, 2018
Dear Greens and Supporters,
One week to go so Get Out The Vote is in high gear. How will voters hear about Howie and Jia and make sure they get to the polls on Tuesday November 6 to vote for them? Because you are going to be part of a massive text banking effort to reach thousands and thousands of people.
Please sign up for text banking here!
Make your commitment to vote for Howie Hawkins & Jia Lee by signing the pledge below and share it with your contacts. Vote Pledge
Street Tabling/Leafletting Continues – Upcoming Events to Attend and Campaign:
Tuesday October 30th – Leafletting at “Off Fossil Fuels” Rally, 5:30 at Cuomo NYC Fundraiser
St. Regis Hotel – 2 East 55th Street – contact dani@gpbk.org or (347) 218-3107
Wednesday October 31 – Leafletting at Trader Joe’s, 445 Gold Street Brooklyn 1p – 5p
Thursday November 1st – Leafletting at Trader Joe’s, 130 Court St. (Atlantic Ave) Brooklyn 1p – 5p
Volunteer Recruitment at Trader Joe’s Court Street BK
Call Carmen to join the leafletting (347) 277-3892
Thursday November 1st at 6pm- Debate Watch Party
Although thus far Cuomo has refused to debate ALL the Gubernatorial Candidates, The League of Women Voters has stepped forward to sponsor a debate in Albany where all the candidates are invited. The debate will be live streamed. Join GPBK members to watch the debate together and plan for Election Day activities. For location RSVP: gloria@gpbk.org or (917) 886-4538, or organize your own debate watching parties!
Monday November 5th Brooklyn College Leafletting 12pm to 4pm
contact Peter at (516) 361-5313
Tuesday November 6th -ELECTION DAY
Stay tuned for election day poll site plan
LIKE and SHARE Howie’s Facebook Page: https://www.facebook.com/groups/howiehawkins/permalink/307718670044865/
SUBSCRIBE to Howie’s official YouTube channel
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC4xLvUHRVJzEb3CH50MxWTA
If YOU want to organize tabling or leafletting in your neighborhood let us know. Contact: gloria@gpbk.org or (917) 886-4538
Need campaign materials? Contact: dani@gpbk.org or (347)-218-3107
Please Donate at: www.HowieHawkins.org
GOTV HAS BEGUN! – HERE IS WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW
Here is a special message from Hawkins/Lee Campaign Manager, Michael O’Neil:
Our statewide Get Out The Vote plan has begun!
What is the GOTV Plan?
We need long-time activists to
Sign the vote pledge for Hawkins/Lee
Recruit 10-20 friends/family/allies/long-lost Green friends not currently involved the party and get them to…Sign the vote pledge for Hawkins/Lee Recruit 5-20 more people to Sign the vote pledge for Hawkins/Lee
Turn in all of your signup sheets from canvassing! To forms@howiehawkins.org
Make sure you have enough Literature for distribution.
Make personal phone calls. Reach out one-on-one. Have conversations. Explain that Howie and Jia are the only progressives on the ballot for Governor. Explain that the only way to resist the corporate rule of Cuomo with their vote is to vote for Howie and Jia. Explain that the only way to overcome rightwing monsters like Trump is to build a strong Left party opposed to corporate influence, which the Democratic Party leadership (like Cuomo) will never do.Explain why this is important to you — personally. Ask them what issues they care most about, explain how Howie and Jia will fight for them. Call in favors! Do whatever you have to do. Tell them about the rest of our statewide slate! Tell them about the great local candidates we run, or will run!
By When Does It Need To Happen?
We need activists to have recruited your 10-20 people as soon as possible. Then we need you to follow up with your recruits and encourage them to keep reaching out to their people!
If each of us makes a personal appeal to 10-20 people who then each go out and persuade 10-20 other people that could mean an extra few thousand votes on Election Day. And we will need every one of those votes to ensure we keep our ballot line.
Is This Our Only Get Out The Vote Tactic?
No. On Tuesday we will begin text banking through our entire phone list in a week.
Please sign up for text banking here and keep an eye out for orientation materials!
Any questions or need help? Please email, text or call: michael@counterpower.org / 917-825-3562
Please note: Text banking is similar to phone banking except it is much easier and MORE FUN! It is simple to learn and can be done from your home computer on your own schedule. Once you sign up at the above link, you will be sent a tutorial to watch and then you can start. It is one of the quickest and best ways to reach maximum voters. Please sign up!
Wednesday October 24th Come out to support our Green Party Comptroller candidate Mark Dunlea! He will be speaking on the Green New Deal at 7:00pm at the Ethical Culture Society in Manhattan, 2 West 64th Street, NYC 10023
A Green New Deal: Presentation and Discussion
Thursday October 25th, Morning – From 10:00am-12:00pm join Green Party Comptroller Candidate Mark Dunlea as he campaigns at Brooklyn Borough Hall. For more information contact dani@gpbk.org or (347) 218-3107.
Thursday October 25th, Evening – Peoples Forum/JVP/Peace NYC Present a talk on the Book Follow The Money, by Dennis Bernstein. Panelists Include Ralph Poynter, Richard Falk, Riva Enteen, and audio from Mumia Abu Jamal. 7:00pm 320 W. 37th Street. Please arrive at 6:30 to Leaflet the crowd with Hawkins/Lee campaign literature!
SAVE THE DATE – Thursday November 1st – Debate Watch and Final Campaign Meeting
Although thus far Cuomo has refused to debate ALL the Gubernatorial Candidates, The League of Women Voters has stepped forward to sponsor a debate in Albany where all the candidates are invited. Cuomo has not (yet) accepted, but all other candidates are confirmed. The debate will be live streamed. Join GPBK members for our last campaign meeting to watch the debate together, to plan for election day campaigning, and to get text bank training. 31 Smith Street, 2nd floor in Downtown Brooklyn. Exact Time TBA. Contact: gloria@gpbk.org or (917) 886-4538.
Other Ways to Help the Campaign
Call NYS Comptroller Tom DiNapoli at 518 474-4044 and urge him to divest the state pension funds from fossil fuels (you can also tweet him at Tom DiNapoli or @NYSComptroller, #DivestNY). Script When you call: please divest the NYS pension from fossil fuels. It is wrong to invest the pension fund in companies that are destroying the planet through global warming. And it is increasingly a risky financial investment. You can also sign petition calling for DiNapoli to agree to divest. The Comptroller has the power to make the decision to divest by himself.
“LIKE” and SHARE Howie’s FaceBook Page https://www.facebook.com/groups/howiehawkins/permalink/307718670044865/
SUBSCRIBE to Howie’s official YouTube channel https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC4xLvUHRVJzEb3CH50MxWTA
So Much To Do, So Little Time – Please Help Get Out The Vote!
Only 18 days Left Until Election Day – Please Help in Whatever Way You Can!
CUOMO IS SO FAR REFUSING TO DEBATE – PLEASE GO TO HOWIE’S WEBSITE TO FIND
OUT HOW TO HELP WITH EFFORTS TO DEMAND THAT CUOMO DEBATES ALL THE CANDIDATES!
at www.howiehawkins.org
Two very easy and free ways to help the campaign that only takes a minute:
1) “LIKE” and SHARE Howie’s FaceBook Page
https://www.facebook.com/groups/howiehawkins/permalink/307718670044865/
2) SUBSCRIBE to Howie’s official YouTube channel
Also, please donate and volunteer to help Get Out the Vote for the only independent eco-socialist
Gubernatorial ticket – Howie Hawkins and Jia Lee and the other state wide candidates Mark Dunlea,
Comptroller and Michael Sussman, Attorney General.
There is so much going on! More events to be announced soon!
Thursday, October 18 – Campaign Outreach at Brooklyn College
from 12:00pm – 3:00pm. Contact dani@gpbk.org or 347-218-3107 if you can help.
Thursday, October 18 – Please Note that our regular campaign meeting has been cancelled for this week.
Stay tuned for rescheduled meeting to plan GOTV.
For more information please contact gloria@gpbk.org or 917-886-4538
Saturday October 20 – Campaign Outreach at GAP Farmers Market 10:00am to 12:00pm.
Please RSVP to Dani at (347) 218-3107 if you can come.
Sunday October 21 Day Time – Tabling at 5th Avenue/1st Street Farmers Market in Park Slope with
our Attorney General Candidate Michael Sussman! from 1:00pm to 3:00pm –
Call Gloria at (917) 886-4538 for information.
Sunday October 21 Evening – Attorney General Candidate Michael Sussman will be making Brooklyn one of
his his statewide bus tour stops. So come on down to the Cherry Tree on Sunday from 6:00pm – 9:00pm to meet
Michael, local greens and other social justice advocates. Cherry Tree 65 4th Ave (near Bergen) all trains stop
at Atlantic Center, please RSVP here .
Monday October 22 – Socialist Solutions to Housing Forum 7:00pm-9:00pm with Panelists: Howie Hawkins, Zishun Ning,
Alicia Boyd, and Thomas Honan. At the Brooklyn Commons 388 Atlantic Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11217
Check out Howie’s new commercial and please share widely!
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jfPOaciXde0
Call NYS Comptroller Tom DiNapoli at 518 474-4044 and urge him to divest the state pension funds from fossil fuels
(you can also tweet him at @TomDiNapoli or @NYSComptroller, #DivestNY). Script When you call: please divest the NYS
pension from fossil fuels. It is wrong to invest the pension fund in companies that are destroying the planet through global warming.
And it is increasingly a risky financial investment. You can also sign a petition calling for DiNapoli to agree to divest. The Comptroller
has the power to make the decision to divest by himself.
If YOU want to organize tabling or leafletting in your neighborhood let us know.
Contact: gloria@gpbk.org or (917) 886-4538
Need campaign materials? Contact: dani@gpbk.org or 347-218-3107
Green Candidates in NYC – All Green Hands on Deck!
Our candidates are in the city this week. Come out to see them at one or all of these events.
Please volunteer, donate, “like” and share Howie’s FaceBook Page (very important!) and help Get Out the Vote for the only independent
eco-socialist Gubernatorial ticket – Howie Hawkins and Jia Lee and the other state wide candidates Mark Dunlea, Comptroller and Michael Sussman, Attorney General.
There is so much going on this week!
Monday October 15 Daytime – Join Howie and campaign volunteers for a press conference at City Hall at 10:30am. Then at
1:30pm Join Howie, Randy Credico, and a man in a chicken suit (James Lane) and volunteers in front of Cuomo’s office at 633 3rd
Avenue in Manhattan to call Cuomo a “chicken” for refusing to debate. Help us demand that Cuomo DEBATE! – Call Dani at (347) 218-3107 for more info.
Monday October 15 Evening – URGENT REQUEST FROM HOWIE:
We need help to flyer the 600 people coming to the socialism vs. capitalism debate at the Gerald W Lynch Theater in John Jay College on Monday night October 15th. https://www.facebook.com/events/2045121622474620/
We are meeting at 5:30 pm. Doors open at 6:00 pm. The debate starts at 6:30 pm. Carmen Hulbert will have flyers for our Socialist Solutions panels for Tuesday (Segregation) and Wednesday (Health Care). So we need a good number of people to make sure we leaflet the whole crowd when the arrive to get in. Please let Carmen know you are coming: 347-277-3892, carmenhulbert@gmail.com
P.S. Howie can not be at this event due to having to be in Nassau County protesting No Debates Cuomo at a fundraiser with that same man in a chicken suit with “Cuomo” sign around his neck and carrying a placard that says “Cluck You! No Debates!” After that, he is speaking at another previously scheduled event in Long Island.
Tuesday October 16 – Socialist Solutions to Pressing Problems Forum on SEGREGATION. Join our candidates Howie Hawkins, Jia Lee, Michael Sussman, and Margaret Kimberly from Black Agenda Report at The Commons 388 Atlantic Avenue, Brooklyn, NY. at 7:00pm. https://socialistsolutions.wordpress.com/
Wednesday October 17 – Socialist Solutions to Pressing Problems Forum on HEALTH CARE. Join Howie Hawkins, Jen James from DSA and Medicare for all Campaign, Sean Petty from NY State Nurses Association. Lehman College, 250 Bedford Park Blvd W, Bronx, NY at 7:00pm. https://socialistsolutions.wordpress.com/
Thursday, Oct. 18 Daytime – Campaign outreach at Brooklyn College from 12:00pm – 3:00pm. Contact dani@gpbk.org or 347-218-3107 if you can help.
Thursday, Oct. 18 Evening – at 7:00pm – Green Party of Brooklyn is holding its weekly organizing meeting at 31 Smith Street, 2nd floor.
Training on text banking and canvassing in addition to other organizing actions are on the agenda so RSVP to gloria@gpbk.org or 917-886-4538
Many Hands Make Light GREEN Work!
Our messages will be coming more often now that election day is only 4 weeks away! There is so much activity to get involved in! Please volunteer, donate, “like” and share Howie’s FaceBook Page (very important!) and help Get Out the Vote for the only independent eco-socialist Gubernatorial ticket – Howie Hawkins and Jia Lee and the other state wide candidates Mark Dunlea, Comptroller and
Michael Sussman, Attorney General.
Here is the latest on what’s happening around the city this week:
Thursday, Oct. 11 – Campaign outreach at Brooklyn College from 10:00am – 12:00pm. Contact dani@gpbk.org or 347-218-3107 if you can help.
Thursday, Oct. 11 at 7:00pm – Green Party of Brooklyn is holding its weekly organizing meeting at 31 Smith Street, 2nd floor. Training on text banking and canvassing in addition to other organizing actions are on the agenda so RSVP to gloria@gpbk.org or 917-886-4538
Saturday October 13 – Leaflet for Howie/Jia at the Rally for our Neighborhoods – a protest about overdevelopment and big real estate’s undue influence on our elected officials. City Hall Steps 12 noon to 1:00pm. Contact Carmen at (347) 277-3892.
Sunday October 14 – Tabling and Flyering at the Hispanic Day Parade from 10:00am to 3:00pm. We will set up a table between West 58th & 59th streets, off Fifth Avenue and we will flyer North and South bound along the parade. Contact Carmen at (347) 277-3892. See event on FB at https://www.facebook.com/events/2257272937837527/
The first debate (and possibly only) for New York State Comptroller took place in-studio on Tuesday 10/9. We apologize that we announced it would be broadcast live. It was not live, but it will be broadcast on Sunday October 14 at 8:00pm. Watch Mark Dunlea answering questions and arguing for divesting NY state’s pension plan from fossil fuels.
Tune in on TV: MNN1 (Spectrum 34 & 1995, RCN 82, FiOS 33) or go to www.howiehawkins.org for other links to watch.
Upcoming Forums Next Week and Beyond – Socialist Solutions to Pressing Problems
https://socialistsolutions.wordpress.com/
Hawkins/Lee Campaign Events This Week: Join Jill Stein, Howie, Jia, and More!
By Daniella Liebling September 25, 2018
Calling all Greens and Supporters!
Don’t miss the first in a series of important forums in NYC sponsored by the Hawkins/Lee for Governor campaign! TODAY, September 25th! See below for details. More forums to come. We will keep you updated.
Also, please join us for our regular Thursday night campaign meeting this week on Thursday September 27th at 7:00pm at 31 Smith Street in Brooklyn.
And join Jill Stein this Saturday night September 29th from 8:00pm to 10:00pm as she joins forces with Howie Hawkins and Jia Lee (and others) to throw her full support behind the campaign and rally the troops! At Brooklyn Diamond Coffee space – 349 West Broadway
between Broome and Grand streets in Manhattan (Soho).
Call Dani at (347) 218-3107 with any questions.
Socialist Solutions to Low Wages: Tuesday 9/25, 7pm at the LGBT Center in Manhattan
Richard Wolff (Economic Update, Democracy@Work), community organizer JoAnn Lum, and Socialist Party NYC chair and workers’ rights attorney Tana Forrester will join Howie Hawkins for real talk on Socialist Solutions To Low Wages!
How do we Demand More and overcome poverty wages, wage theft, exploitative scheduling and speed-up? By building worker power and workplace democracy. Find out how!
The Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual & Transgender Community Center
208 W 13th St (Map)
RSVP online, Share on Facebook
Jill Stein(!!) and Howie Hawkins: Saturday, 9/29, 8pm at Brooklyn Diamond Coffee in Manhattan
Join 2016 Green Presidential Nominee Dr. Jill Stein as she launches her nationwide tour to build the Green Party so that we can Demand More and smash the corporate duopoly. Learn more about how you can support Howie, Jia Lee and the rest of our GPNY candidates before Election Day.
Brooklyn Diamond Coffee West Broadway
We have so much more coming up in NYC and there are so many ways for you to help!
Check out the Calendar for more events and volunteer opportunities
Join the Howie Hawkins For Governor Volunteer Facebook Group
Howie Hawkns / Jia Lee Campaign
http://www.howiehawkins.org/
P.S. please help this campaign keep running strong!
Upcoming Campaign Activities for Hawkins/Lee For Governor & Lt. Governor!!
Thursday 9/13 Hawkins/Lee Campaign Meeting – Meet New NYC Campaign Organizer!
Please Join us Thursday September 13th at 7:00pm at 31 Smith Street in Downtown Brooklyn to Welcome the new Hawkins/Lee NYC Campaign Organizer Michael Blecher!!
Michael has been working with grassroots progressive candidates since 2016 and we’re excited to have him on board! He is ready to support and coordinate our ongoing volunteer activities, our campaign material needs, and upcoming candidate appearances.
After Thursdays Democratic Primary we need to hit the ground running and Michael is here to help! Come and let him know how he can assist your community to spread the word about our Green Party candidates.
Saturday 9/15 Leafletting
This week, leafletting will take place from 2:00pm to 4:00pm in Brooklyn at the Grand Army Plaza Farmers Market. Please contact Dani to RSVP (info below)
Sunday/Monday September 16 &17 – Howie Hawkins NYC Appearances
Howie will be in NYC to give a talk at the Brooklyn Society for Ethical Culture on Sunday 9/16 at 1pm. He has also been invited to speak at Zuccotti Park for the Occupy anniversary press conference the following day (Monday 9/17) at 11am, and will have a news conference for the campaign later at 1pm.
September and October – Save These Dates for Upcoming Campaign Events – More Details To Come
Sunday September 23rd Atlantic Antic – We will have a table at Brooklyn’s Largest Street Fair from 12:00pm to 5:00pm. Please plan to help staff our table and get the word out about Howie/Jia and all our candidates!
Tuesday September 25th, Tuesday October 2nd, Tuesday October 16th, and Monday October 22nd
Socialist Solutions to Pressing Problems Forum Series. These forums will feature our Governor and Lt. Governor candidates Howie Hawkins & Jia Lee as well as other prominent speakers. The first two sessions are in Manhattan (9/25 & 10/2) and the next two are Brooklyn (10/16 & 10/22). Stay tuned for more info!
Let’s get ready to push hard in these final two months! All Green Party hands are needed on deck!
Please contact us to let us know when you can help. You can leaflet your subways or any place that works for you at any time. We can get materials to you.
To RSVP to any event or for questions, contact Dani: (347) 218-3107 /daniliebling@yahoo.com
Green Party of Brooklyn
info( at )gpbk.org
GPBK Officers
Josh Feintuch
Gloria Mattera
Dani Liebling
At-Large Officers
Candace Carponter
Carmen Hulbert
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Tag Archives: photojournalism
Laila Stevens: Looking at life through a lens
Posted on July 20, 2018 July 20, 2018 by Emily Palazzotto
By Emily Palazzotto
Connetquot High School
When she was eleven, Laila Stevens received her first camera and knew photography would be a big part of her future.
“I love that you can create a whole new image, oftentimes one that we cannot see with our own eyes,” said Laila, who will be a senior at Benjamin N. Cardozo High School in Bayside, Queens, this fall.
At school, the journalism and the media studies programs are a home away from home for Laila. Since her freshman year, she has been able to explore different aspects of journalism through a series of classes. For her senior year, Laila earned a spot on what she described as the highly esteemed and extremely selective yearbook committee, which will give her the opportunity to incorporate her photography skills into her school day more than ever before.
“I realized there were so many different things to do with just a camera,” said Laila, who was first published professionally in an online magazine at the age of 13. “So many angles, qualities and colors.”
She said she strives in her photography to incorporate messages of racial equality – another one of her passions.
“Although this goal of depicting racial equality is already out there in the world of photography, I feel Laila’s work will be exceptionally unique and moving because she began dabbling in photography at such a young age,” said Laila’s best friend, Laura Morel. “She has a God-given gift.”
Laila has sharpened her skills through gigs such as modeling shoots, and she often plans photo shoots with friends.
“I enjoy spending time with my friends because I believe that it is healthy and opens the mind,” she said. “I take a lot of walks, because it encourages activity without going to the gym. Music also plays a large role in my life. I love that it is an art form that speaks to so many different audiences.”
Laila’s older sister, Amirah, describes her sibling as being determined. “As long as she has been alive, no matter what, once she has made up her mind about accomplishing something, she does it,” Amirah said.
As for college, Laila said she expects to study photojournalism. She describes the Parsons School of Design as her “dream school” but said a State University of New York campus is also a tuition-free possibility because of her eligibility for the Excelsior Scholarship.
Laila said she anticipates her week at the Robert W. Greene Summer Institute for High School Journalists will give her more insight into a professional career in photojournalism. “I hope that I am able to learn new techniques to make my photography more realistic for the professional world,” she said.
Matthew Quan: A photographic storyteller
Posted on July 20, 2018 July 20, 2018 by Corianna Jackson
By Corianna Jackson
Brentwood High School
Matthew Quan said he has always been attracted to the idea of telling stories, but not with words.
The 17-year-old senior at Longwood High School is trained in photography, a craft that allows him to capture the unwritten tale behind beautiful, everyday things.
Matthew didn’t start seeing the world through a camera lens until three years ago. “I always thought it was interesting, but I didn’t start taking photography classes until I hit high school,” he recalled. He has taken every photography class that his school offers and has earned much praise for his work.
Matthew was raised in Astoria, Queens, by an Ecuadorian mother and a Chinese father. His parents traded the dynamic hustle and bustle of city life for a more relaxed life in the suburban Suffolk County community of Longwood when he turned 13.
This change did not come without hindrances. “At first it was hard to make friends,” he said. “I didn’t know anyone and it was pretty awkward at times.” Since then, Matthew said, he has learned to break out of his shell and has acquired an amazing group of friends. He now finds himself more comfortable in his cozy house in Longwood than his old apartment in Queens.
Matthew said snapping and editing photos helped him through a stressful sophomore year. He excels more in his art classroom where his photography teacher, Melissa Bussewitz, encouraged him to share his craft. She said she has consistently supported and critiqued his impressive work all year. Matthew wouldn’t have applied to Stony Brook University’s Robert W. Greene Summer Institute for High School Journalists if it weren’t for Bussewitz. “He’s a great photographer,” she said. “I told him that he should apply.”
Matthew said when he isn’t working on his photography, he likes to stay active because it’s a “great stress reliever.” He enjoys taking long bike rides in his neighborhood and also studies mixed martial arts. He considers himself outgoing and he loves to talk to people.
He is undecided on what college he wants to go, but luckily, he said, his parents wouldn’t mind if he went away from home. Lately, he has been leaning towards journalism as a career option.
When he heard the news that he got into the Greene program, he said he was ecstatic and shocked. “I’m not a very good writer, so I was surprised that I got in,” he said. He said he is excited to learn new techniques in photography as well as other journalism skills. The only thing he worried about was the lack of air conditioning in the Stony Brook dorms.
Matthew shared he has doubts about his future. But the one thing he doesn’t have doubts about is his photography. “The pictures I take I’m always pretty proud of,” he said.
#GreeneGazette2018
Stony Brook U.@stonybrooku·
.@DouglasHigh students @zoegordyyy & @tayloryon_ brought insights on journalism and reporting after a school shooting to @SBUjournalism's summer institute for HS journalists. https://t.co/5R1FM0zenz #GreeneGazette2018 @SBUArtsSciences #FridayMotivation #FarBeyond
.@DouglasHigh students @zoegordyyy & @tayloryon_ brought insights on journalism and reporting after a school shooting to @SBUjournalism's summer institute for HS journalists. https://t.co/5R1FM0zenz #GreeneGazette2018 @SBUArtsSciences
A school shooting at @DouglasHigh cemented students' @zoegordyyy & @tayloryon_'s appreciation for journalists, but @SBUjournalism's summer institute left them with even more insights on the critical role they play. https://t.co/5R1FM0zenz #GreeneGazette2018 @SBUArtsSciences
.@EagleEyeMSD staffers @tayloryon_ & @zoegordyyy, who reported the aftermath of a shooting at their Florida school, were at this summer's @SBUjournalism Greene Institute for High School Journalists. https://t.co/mrrcfXmlWN #GreeneGazette2018 @SBUArtsSciences
Zuccaire Gallery@ZuccaireGallery·
We ❤️#greenegazette2018 @SBUjournalism https://t.co/ZaPQRq2KGY @StonyBrookFF
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Sagardi Castellana
Located in the Paseo de la Castellana near Plaza Colon, SAGARDI Castellana has two floors: the restaurant on the top floor with semi-private space and a pleasant, relaxed atmosphere, and the ground floor with a large bar full of pintxos and an open grill area where the mythical Basque “txuletones” are cooked. It is certainly one of Madrid’s greatest gastronomic references in Basque cuisine.
Paseo de la Castellana 13,
Restaurant: From 13:00 to 16:00 and from 19:30 to 00:00.
(We have valet parking service)
The Paseo de la Castellana is one of the main streets of Madrid, home to the city’s best museums and galleries and a must-see for curious travellers.
Sagardi en Euskal Etxea
SAGARDI en Euskal Etxea is the Basque brand’s restaurant in the country’s capital, located just a few metres from the Spanish Congress of Deputies. On the ground floor, the Txoko retains the essence of Basque taverns with a wide range of ‘pintxos’ and appetisers, and on the top floor SAGARDI BASQUE COUNTRY CHEFS’ menu displays all its potential and authentic flavours.
Calle de Jovellanos 3,
TXOCO (ground floor)
Every day from 12:00 to 00:00.
Fridays and Saturdays until 00:30 h.
Restaurant (first floor)
From 13:00 to 16:30 and from 20:00 to 00:00.
The Teatro de la Zarzuela is a majestic building which, since 1856, has hosted the major classics of the zarzuela (Spanish operetta), the quintessential Spanish musical theatre genre.
Other cuisines in Madrid
The pil-pil lifestyleTxapeldun ClubJoin the team
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Grupo SAGARDI utiliza cookies para mejorar tu experiencia en nuestra web y realizar estadísticas. Si sigues navegando, entenderemos que aceptas su instalación y uso. Leer más.
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Posts Tagged ‘in trust for’
Bank Liable for Exploitation By Branch Manager and Assistant
MAY 10, 2004 VOLUME 11, NUMBER 45
Carmen DiCesare, age 82, may have been a little confused when he visited the local branch of Prudential Savings Bank in south Philadelphia that day in August, 2000. By the time he left the bank he had made major changes in his estate plan, and the bank’s branch manager and assistant branch manager had benefited from Mr. DiCesare’s situation.
What Mr. DiCesare apparently wanted to accomplish was to arrange for direct deposit of his Social Security checks into a passbook savings account at Prudential. Frances Mazzei, the branch manager, told him that he would need to have his original passbook with him to set up the direct deposit account, and he told her that he had lost the book. She then helped him to open a new account, and to transfer his existing Prudential account balances.
One of the documents Mr. DiCesare signed that day was a note prepared by Ms. Mazzei that said “I want to put the account in trust to Frances Mazzei and Lucia Sqiieri.” Ms. Squitieri (the note misspelled her name) was the assistant branch manager. The two women even called bank President Thomas Vento to check on whether the account titling was permissible; Mr. Vento did not advise them not to set up the account. The two women then held on to Mr. DiCesare’s passbook, giving him only a copy.
The “in trust for” language, of course, meant that the two women would receive Mr. DiCesare’s account upon his death. They assisted him in transferring almost $250,000 into the new account, and then moved $430,000 from another bank into the account. The balance was then $680,454.63, with another $709 deposited each month by Social Security.
When Mr. DiCesare did die ten months later Ms. Mazzei and Ms. Squitieri removed and spent the account balance. Mr. DiCesare’s estate then brought suit against Ms. Mazzei, Ms. Squitieri and Prudential Savings Bank itself.
After recovering $156,000 from Ms. Mazzei and Ms. Squitieri, the estate obtained a judgment against them and the bank for the remaining balance. Prudential and the two women appealed.
The Pennsylvania Superior Court upheld the judgment against all three defendants. The court quickly determined that Mr. DiCesare was vulnerable, and that Ms. Mazzei and Ms. Squitieri had developed a relationship of trust with him that made them liable for the loss.
As for the bank’s liability, the court ruled that Mr. DiCesare’s estate did not have to show that Prudential had violated any law or regulation. The fact that senior management knew what the two branch officers were doing, and did nothing to stop their actions or even inquire, was enough to make Prudential liable for the entire $563,767.40 judgment. Owens v. Mazzei, April 7, 2004.
Subjects: Carmen DiCesare, in trust for, living trusts, Owens v. Mazzei, Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania Superior Court, Philadelphia, Prudential Savings Bank, Social Security
Comments Off on Bank Liable for Exploitation By Branch Manager and Assistant
Two Life Insurance Beneficiary Designations Require Litigation
APRIL 28, 2003 VOLUME 10, NUMBER 43
When people consider “estate planning” they usually are thinking about preparing a will. Sometimes the common conception of estate planning includes preparing a trust as well, and often durable powers of attorney are also part of the plan. But two recent cases demonstrate that “estate planning” is really much more—it includes the titling of assets and beneficiary designations as well. The most carefully-considered estate plan may fail if those other issues are not also dealt with at the same time.
Lori Flanigan was divorced and had two children when she married her second husband, Craig Munson. Ms. Flanigan had two life insurance policies through her work totaling $217,600. Her divorce agreement required her to name the children as beneficiaries on her life insurance, but she had not gotten around to completing a beneficiary designation form when she died in 1995.
Her insurance policies provided that they would be paid to a surviving spouse if she had not designated a beneficiary, and so the proceeds were distributed to Mr. Munson. The children’s grandparents (who took custody after Ms. Flanigan died) then filed a lawsuit to impose a constructive trust on the remaining insurance proceeds and Mr. Munson’s home, since he had used some of the proceeds to pay off his mortgage and other debts.
The trial judge denied the grandparents their requested relief, but the New Jersey Supreme Court agreed that the insurance proceeds should go to the children. It ordered the money transferred to the children’s benefit—eight years and thousands of dollars in legal fees after her death. Flanigan v. Munson, April 3, 2003.
Daniel Lambert was not so lucky. He argued that his mother’s life insurance policy should be part of her estate, and that her will specified that he was to receive a portion of that estate. Unfortunately for him, whatever his mother’s intentions might have been she had named her daughter Suella Southard as beneficiary.
Another sibling, brother Steven Powell, was prepared to testify that their mother had always intended that the life insurance policy should be used to pay the costs of handling her estate and then distributed to the children according to her will. He was not allowed to testify, however, because of a long-standing court rule prohibiting testimony about conversations with deceased persons, the so-called “Dead Man’s Statute.” The Indiana Court of Appeals refused to permit imposition of a constructive trust on the life insurance proceeds. Lambert v. Southard, April 1, 2003.
The moral: “estate planning” requires consideration of beneficiary designations and account titles as well as signing of a will, trust and powers of attorney. Even a carefully-drafted estate plan, including a will, a living trust and both financial and health care powers of attorney, can be altered or frustrated by incorrect (or missing) beneficiary designations, joint tenancies, “payable on death,” “transfer on death” or “in trust for” account titles or other, similar arrangements.
Subjects: beneficiary designations, Dead Man's Statute, estate planning, Flanigan v. Munson, in trust for, Indiana, Indiana Court of Appeals, ITF, Lambert v. Southard, life insurance, Lori Flanigan, New Jersey, New Jersey Supreme Court, payable on death, POD, TOD, transfer on death
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Issue 118: April 2004
[Return to related issue of Nonviolent News.]
Social justice, social wealth
Ireland as a whole is a divided country in more ways than one. When it comes to the division of wealth, both the Republic and Northern Ireland would seem to be some of the very worst in Europe. And without politics North or South being primarily defined by social and economic policies, this looks set to continue.
But disillusionment with politics and politicians is not surprising. In the North this is partly because of the ineffectiveness of politicians and those who support them actually delivering on devolved government. Six years on from the Good Friday Agreement another Good Friday goes by without any sign of the return of local control at Stormont. In the Republic, cases of political corruption have tended to tar most politicians with the same brush.
But politicians also have a responsibility to live up to something like their promises and statements, and in making judgements on the past to at least have some element of truth. We have already dealt in these pages with the Taoiseach, Bertie Ahern, claiming he was against the Iraq war while he gave, and continues to give, the USA the only support it wanted from Ireland - full use of Shannon Airport.
Here however we wanted to refer to Mary Harney's speech at the recent Progressive Democrats conference; "We are a party of change. In Government, we are working to deliver social justice." As the leader of a party which supports Thatcherite privatisation at every turn, and has threatened to pull out of the Government if it does not get its way on the privatisation of transport in the Republic, one can wonder what she means by 'social justice' because she evidently means something very different to any sensible definition.
Social justice can only mean fair treatment for a number of vulnerable groups including the elderly and the unemployed. In her speech to the PDs Mary Harney did define, to some extent, what she meant by social justice. While she specifically mentioned disabled people, and promises regarding the new Disability Bill, there was no mention of the elderly and unemployed, or indeed those stuck in low wage, dead end jobs. The nearest she got here was referring to "Social justice means a decent job for everybody who is available for work" (note the use of 'decent job' rather than 'decent pay', and only mention of those in work).
The increase in employment in the Republic over the last decade has been remarkable, but at a cost. Control of the driving seat of the economy is primarily in the hands of computer and pharmaceutical multinationals who are in Ireland because it is the best place to make a profit. By the laws of capitalism there is nothing wrong with this except that by those very same laws, if anything does go wrong or they can make a faster buck in Bangladesh rather than Ballydehob, then they will be out of Ireland faster than you can say 'social justice'.
But social peace and stability is only likely to come in a society which has relatively few divisions. And the lifestyle engendered by the new regime is not sustainable on a global level. Of course people may enjoy their new lifestyle if they are well enough off to afford the good things and pay for dealing with the bad, as with healthcare. But the private wealth and public squalor of Ireland is not something of which we can be proud, quite the reverse.
We need a concept of social wealth, of the collectivity of society which can afford to look after people as a whole rather than simply relying on individualism and private wealth. And we need a concept of social justice which is going to deliver for everyone - whether or not they have their finger in the economic pie of a good job. Otherwise injustice will be perpetuated in perpetuity, and Ireland will continue to provide an example of an economy, or economies, closer to Boston and the individualist elitism of the USA than to the relative social inclusion of Berlin. But even the latter, and social policies in other European countries, are under pressure these days
But we also need a concept of real sustainability in a world which is going dangerously close to the abyss, as with global warming. If we can work on social justice, social wealth, and sustainability, then we might really have a society in which we can be proud, and which can not only cherish the children of the nation equally but help ensure that there is something worthwhile to pass on to those same children. Unfortunately we may have an awful lot of explaining to do to our children and our grandchildren.
Luken From Below
This month's poem from Lothar Lüken:
Patrick's Night
The same old factions still prevail,
for ever chasing each others tail,
with priests committing every sin
and children raped by their own kin.
Persistent illusions of close-knit tribes
while local leaders pocket fat bribes
and tax breaks for those who wallow in wealth
leave not enough funds for public health.
Celtic tigers or Celtic toads -
European money paves our roads,
which we mindlessly litter with garbage
and deathly drunken drivers' carnage.
Ah, self-delusions of a nation
who in raucous celebration
wave green banners, dance and cheer
bash some blacks and puke green beer.
[Return to related issues of Nonviolent News.]
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Pro Series Drag Racing Tuning Guide
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Epigenetic regulation of cardiac fibrosis
In mammalian females, diploid somatic cells contain two X chromosomes, among
In mammalian females, diploid somatic cells contain two X chromosomes, among which is transcriptionally silenced, in a process termed X chromosome inactivation (XCI). with autoimmunity, I first note the possibility that recurrent spontaneous abortion could reflect immune rejection of fetuses inheriting alleles from the largely silenced maternal X chromosome. Preferential abortion of fetuses carrying silenced X-linked alleles implies a transmission advantage for X-linked alleles on the largely expressed chromosome, which could drive the emergence of X-linked alleles that make the chromosome resistant to XCI. I discuss the evolutionary dynamics, fitness tradeoffs and implications of this hypothesis, and suggest future directions. and related species, in which mild to moderate SXCI is largely determined by a single X-linked locus called (Cattanach Mouse monoclonal to CD33.CT65 reacts with CD33 andtigen, a 67 kDa type I transmembrane glycoprotein present on myeloid progenitors, monocytes andgranulocytes. CD33 is absent on lymphocytes, platelets, erythrocytes, hematopoietic stem cells and non-hematopoietic cystem. CD33 antigen can function as a sialic acid-dependent cell adhesion molecule and involved in negative selection of human self-regenerating hemetopoietic stem cells. This clone is cross reactive with non-human primate * Diagnosis of acute myelogenousnleukemia. Negative selection for human self-regenerating hematopoietic stem cells and Papworth 1981; Calaway et al. 2013). Heterozygotes with different allele pairs show predictable SXCI, with simple hierarchies of dominance regarding propensity to chromosome inactivation (Cattanach and Papworth 1981; Calaway et al. 2013). The degree of the hereditary contribution to SXCI skew in human beings is more badly understood, even though some results suggest the chance of heritability (Pegoraro et al. 1997; Renault et al. 2007; Wong et al. 2011). For example, it was discovered that females with autism who display SXCI will have moms with SXCI (Talebizadeh et al. 2005). In human beings, SXCI is connected with a myriad medical ailments, including ovarian and esophageal malignancies, autism, Rett symptoms, Alzheimer’s, Klinefelter Symptoms, mental disabilities, neurodevelopmental disorders, illnesses of metabolism, while others circumstances (Plenge et al. 2002; Brix et al. 2005; Iitsuka et al. 2001; Ozbalkan et al. 2005; Ozcelik et al. 2006). Two organizations Staurosporine irreversible inhibition are of particular importance for the existing argument. Initial, autoimmune disorders are even more frequent in ladies with SXCI (Stewart 1998), a convincing hypothesis that association is organized by Stewart (1998). Quickly, Stewart argues that because era of self-tolerance to protein encoded by an allele needs manifestation in the thymus, decreased manifestation of Staurosporine irreversible inhibition alleles on the mainly silenced X chromosome may lead to decreased self-tolerance of the alleles, resulting in autoimmune reactions to these protein (fig. 1). (Discover Ngo et al. 2014 for a recently available overview of these and additional issues adding to sex biases in autoimmune disorders.) Second, some data indicate that SXCI inside a mom affects the results of pregnancies (Lanasa et al. 1999; Sangha et al. 1999). For example, two meta-analyses possess figured SXCI is connected with an increased degree of repeated spontaneous abortions (Su et al. 2011, 2015), and additional work suggests a link between maternal SXCI and homosexuality in natural sons (Bocklandt et al. 2006), although further focus on both questions is necessary certainly. Open in another windowpane Fig. 1. Skewed X chromosome inactivation may lead to autoimmunity aswell as differential being pregnant success. During adverse selection, monoclonal thymocytes with antibodies with arbitrary affinities (best) are examined for antibody affinity to a variety of self protein indicated by mTEC cells in the thymus (middle); people that have affinity to self protein are eliminated, therefore just those whose antibodies don’t have affinity to thymus-expressed self protein bring about mature alleles in mice, Cattanach and Papworth 1981), therefore these individuals wouldn’t normally suffer decreased pregnancy success. Therefore, much like many similar proven mechanisms of transmitting benefit by spite, SXCI-favoring alleles wouldn’t normally act towards additional copies from the same allele spitefully. At the same time, it really is worth noting that mechanism for transmitting advantage isn’t completely airtight. Due to meiotic recombination between X chromosomes, fetuses holding the SXCI-favoring allele will be likely to also bring alleles from the contrary X chromosome at genomically faraway loci. However, provided the overall few noticed chiasmata per chromosome per era (e.g., Broman et al. 1998), fetuses that maternally inherit the SXCI-favoring allele would inherit mainly highly-expressed alleles over the X chromosome also, and thus will be expected to encounter less immune system rejection normally than fetuses that inherit the wildtype (nonSXCI-favoring) allele (discover Package 1 for an explicit treatment of the problems). Implications for Advancement Staurosporine irreversible inhibition of Connected and Unlinked Loci Suppressors of SXCI IGC happening at one locus inside a genome can possess essential implications for the advancement of all of those other genome. For instance meiotic drive of sex chromosomes can lead to emergence of autosomal or sex-linked suppressors, and the emergence of sexually antagonistic alleles in regions flanking sex-determining loci can lead to local recombination suppression (Charlesworth 1991). How is an SXCI-favoring allele expected to influence evolution of the genome? The first possibility is straightforward..
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2018 Combined Journals
Sub section navigation links
Latest Fiscal Note
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1. Introduced House Bill (H)
Fiscal Note #1
Introduced House Bill (H)
Income tax deduction for military income. Provides that income received for military service (other than qualified military income) or received as a retirement or a survivor's benefit paid because of an individual's military service is wholly deductible if the amount of the income is less than the specified maximum amount. Specifies that the maximum amount of the deduction for income received for military service (other than qualified military income) or received as a retirement or a survivor's benefit paid because of an individual's military service is equal to 12 times the monthly basic pay received as of July 1, 2017, Income tax deduction for military income. Provides that income received for military service (other than qualified military income) or received as a retirement or a survivor's benefit paid because of an individual's military service is wholly deductible if the amount of the income is less than the specified maximum amount. Specifies that the maximum amount of the deduction for income received for military service (other than qualified military income) or received as a retirement or a survivor's benefit paid because of an individual's military service is equal to 12 times the monthly basic pay received as of July 1, 2017, by a member of the armed forces of the United States who: (1) served at the pay grade of E-7 on July 1, 2017; and (2) had nine years of service as of July 1, 2017. (Current law allows a deduction against the first $5,000 received for military service and a deduction of $6,250 for income received from retirement or survivor benefits.) ... View more
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Department for International Development (DFID)
We have 12 items tagged with ‘Department for International Development (DFID)’.
Accessing climate finance in Kenya
Devolved powers are allowing communities greater access to climate finance in four counties in Kenya
Why communication matters – and needs to be funded
DFID's civil society partnership review consultation is encouraging us all to think about how we do things differently. Liz Carlile looks at the changing role for communications
8 September 2015 | Blog | Communication
Award win highlights collaboration for Kenya climate resilience
A consortium working to support climate change adaptation in Kenya has won a prestigious UK award. The Adaptation Consortium is a partnership of six organisations, including IIED
New publication studies climate finance at national level
The UK Department for International Development (DFID) has published a new guide to climate finance co-authored by a team of IIED researchers
New publication looks at environmental impacts of urban areas
The UK Department for International Development (DFID) has published a new guide to the environmental impacts of urban areas authored by IIED's David Satterthwaite
Piloting Social Assessment of Protected Areas: some initial reflections
With the global forum on protected areas, the World Parks Congress, just two months away, it's a good time to consider our experience with the Social Assessment of Protected Areas (SAPA) initiative
23 September 2014 | Blog | Biodiversity
Tracking adaptation and measuring development (TAMD)
IIED is working with partners to develop and pilot a framework, called Tracking Adaptation and Measuring Development (TAMD), to track adaptation and measure its impact on development
10 September 2014 | Project | Climate change
We need more integrity between the treatment of forests at home and abroad
Does the treatment of forests at home influence what different donor nations prioritise and support abroad?
2 October 2012 | Blog | Forests
Creating a communication buzz in Zimbabwe
Mobile lectures, a mock newsroom tussle between journalists competing for their editor’s attention, and imagining a day in the life of policymakers and poor farmers were just some of the innovative elements of two workshops on climate change communication run by IIED in Zimbabwe in February 2011.
17 October 2011 | News | Climate change
Climate change advocacy fund good news for poor countries
“For developing countries in general and least developed countries in particular, we can't afford to support big delegations”, said Sumaya Zakieldeen from Sudan’s national climate change negotiation team. “The coming period of negotiation under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) is going to be extremely ...important as it is going to shape the fate of climate change and accordingly the fate of the most vulnerable to adverse impacts... It will be exceptionally important to be there to play our assigned roles on behalf of our people and finish what we started.”
8 September 2011 | Blog | Climate change
Community-Based Adaptation in Africa (CBAA)
This project helped communities in Africa think and communicate about climate change and adaptation, and to share their experiences with stakeholders.
8 September 2010 | Project | Climate change
User Guide to tools for environmental integration
IIED has launched an initiative to produce an online 'User Guide' to approaches (tools, methods and tactics) for mainstreaming (or integrating) the environment into development decision-making (referred to as environmental mainstreaming).
1 September 2008 | Project | Policy and planning
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Ward diaries: crucial evidence for planning in Mumbai's slums
Jockin Arputham, the president of Slum/Shack Dwellers International and founder of the National Slum Dwellers Federation in India, explains how data from slums, gathered by slum dwellers themselves, is helping to provide vital services where they are needed most.
Guest blog by
Jockin Arputham
Jockin Arputham is president of Slum/Shack Dwellers International
To understand slum residents' needs, government agencies need reliable, relevant and up-to-date data. This information must cover the different levels within a city – at city level, for the local government area, right down to the sub-area such as a ward or street.
And it is residents of slums and their federations that are providing government departments with this crucial information.
Through community-led surveys, mapping and settlement profiles, members of Slum/Shack Dwellers International, formed in more than 30 nations, are collecting data on slums not only for hundreds of cities (as in the Know Your City campaign) but also for each slum within these cities and their local government area.
Power to negotiate at city level
By gathering information at this very local level we, the federations of slum/shack dwellers, provide city governments with essential data about conditions in slums and the priorities of slum dwellers. With this data we have a stronger voice, we are better armed to negotiate what we need from city governments.
Engaging in this way earns us respect and encourages these government agencies to act and take us seriously. It helps change the negative attitudes of city governments towards these settlements and their inhabitants.
Mobilising local action
But getting government agencies to act on what the slum/shack dwellers need means talking to lower levels of government too, down to the ward and sub-ward level. And our slum surveys provide data and maps for each ward and sub-ward.
So when we talk to government staff at this level, we have the data to show where the problems are most serious. Which wards and which slums have the worst provision for toilets? For water? Which slums have no electricity?
The percentage of people who have to defecate in the open. The slums with no solid waste collection. The slums with deficits in schools and health care. Do the official land use maps include the slums?
Our strong and detailed data enables us to discuss with local government staff and local politicians how we can focus on what needs to be done in each slum. And how we can work together to address the resident's most pressing needs.
Slum dwellers know best, and needs vary
We know how slum residents and their organisations are best placed to produce data on their daily needs for water, housing, toilets or waste collection. We learn from them by walking with them around each slum, talking to households and community organisations and preparing detailed maps.
We prepare these at ward level and call them ward diaries as they give us data on daily needs. This is information that local governments find difficult to collect themselves.
Priorities also differ a lot from slum to slum. For some, improved sanitation is a must – including community toilets where there is no space for individual toilets in their homes. For others the priority is water or healthcare or avoiding eviction.
The example of our work in P-North Ward in Mumbai
When you talk to senior staff at the Mumbai Municipal Corporation, you go to these meetings with city-level statistics. But when you talk to ward-level staff or ward politicians, you need the statistics for that ward – for the population in their jurisdiction.
But for politicians to address slum dwellers' needs, you also need to work at sub-ward level. To show this, I will describe the slum surveys done in constituency 29 in P-North Ward of Mumbai.
P-North Ward has 173 slums; the government says it has 0.5 million inhabitants but our survey showed 727,570. Constituency 29 within P-Ward North has nine slums with 16,880 inhabitants. From the data collected in these slums, we can produce detailed maps and tables of land use, density, housing quality, provision for water, sanitation and waste management for each slum.
In each slum, residents discussed their settlement's priorities in great detail. The table below shows how much the needs of slums differ – which also means a different government response for each of them.
The priorities of slums in constituency 29, P-North Ward, Mumbai
These slums have been there for decades – the oldest for 70 years, the newest for 20 years. Water and sanitation (including connection to sewers and drainage) are the greatest priorities for most – but not all:
In Manori Gaon the inhabitants have good access to shared taps and most have toilets in their home; their top priorities are health services and education facilities
In Pashkalwadi, three quarters of households defecate in the open while two slums record no open defecation
Only three of the 10 slums had no issue with waste collection and did not identify management of household wastes among their priorities
Most of the slums have door-to-door collection but collection from the slum is irregular, and
Some priorities are very specific to a locality – for instance for the inhabitants of Manthan Pada, space for a long-promised cemetery and burial ground.
More than half of Mumbai's population lives in slums. The reluctance to acknowledge this by city and national government has led to huge deficits in access to water, sanitation and waste collection, schools and health centres, in public space. And as slums become ever more dense with people, so it becomes more difficult to intervene.
The surveys, maps and enumerations of slums that we do have helped stop evictions and encourage municipal and state government to explore new ways of working with slum dwellers.
For instance, where a ward officer has funds for solid waste management interventions, the slum data we collect can guide the officer on how to carry these out. Our slum data can also guide government interventions around other services such as healthcare and education.
Collecting slum data at the ward and sub-ward level means that their residents can present their priorities to ward and sub-ward officials, backed up by strong, reliable data. The ward diaries provide the basis for evidence-based planning and are available to communities, politicians, planners and activists.
Jockin Arputham founded the first national slum dweller federation (in India) and he has spent the last 20 years supporting slum and shack dwellers federations to form and grow in India and in over 30 other countries. He is president of Slum/Shack Dwellers International. This blog was drawn from conversations with David Satterthwaite from IIED's Human Settlements research group in September 2016.
Urban Matters
Informal settlements (slums)
Shack/Slum Dwellers International (SDI)
All blogs | About the IIED blog | CC BY 4.0
Blogs integrating research and action for more inclusive and sustainable cities
Haiti earthquake 10 years on – a new chapter in disaster response
Planning for reality in one of Nairobi’s largest ‘slums’
Urban food insecurity and malnutrition are about more than just food
Mozambique case study shows that poverty is about much more than income
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Namihei Koshige's Blog
I found Namihei Koshige's Blog and he has interesting pictures from the Power Rangers RPM set. He is a suit actor and has been since 1995, he has done most of the female rangers.
These are from November and December, it seems one of the Rangers is gonna be in a wedding dress. And here is a delightful post on how he has doubled for the Rangers in non-suit like Max (Wild Force), Cassie (Space), Syd (SPD), Trip (Time Force), and Ethan (Dino Thunder).
Here is an interesting post from Namihei Koshige, the suit actor for most of the female Power Rangers for the past 15 years. This picture includes him (in middle), Adelaide Kane (Tenaya 7) and some of the crew, I do not know who exactly. The post is about the wrap-up party for Power Rangers.
This is picture has Koichi Sakamoto, stunt director and producer of Power Rangers receiving a card and flowers at the wrap-up party for Power Rangers RPM. This was posted March 30, 2009, Namihei reflects on his 14 years being on the show since 1995. I can not translate it, but I got most of this from a google translator, which isn't 100%.
Here is his YouTube channel, which has only videos of him and two on the set, but not in Power Rangers outfits so we will not know what it is from until we see the episode. The above picture is a Jungle Fury set. He does great work and I am an admirer of his work.
Shipping of Ranger and monster costumes and props usually happens in March and April from Japan to overseas and it has not happened as of yet an insider says.
Labels: Namihei Koshige, PR Cancelation, RPM, Suit Actors
Starting with a team of three
It has happened seven times in Super Sentai, six series have started with three Rangers: Sun Vulcan, Liveman, Kakuranger, Hurricanger, Abaranger, Gekiranger, and Go-Onger. Kakuranger started with three rangers (red, white, and blue) in the first episode but in the opening theme and all merchandise, Kakuranger had 5 rangers. Go-Onger started with three Rangers (red, yellow, and blue) in the first episode but in the opening theme and all merchandise, Go-Onger had 5 rangers. Commercially and merchandise, Sun Vulcan, Liveman, Hurricanger, Abaranger, and Gekiranger started with 3 Rangers; they were five shows that did that. Those five shows that started with three Rangers, they all had the primary colors of Red, Yellow and Blue. Only two cases, blue was female and yellow was male. Kakuranger is unique in that it is not remembered for starting with three Rangers. Go-Onger started with three, but quickly was made five.
Three shows in Power Rangers started with three Rangers; Power Rangers Ninja Storm, Power Rangers Dino Thunder, and Power Rangers Jungle Fury. Like Go-Onger, Power Rangers RPM started with 3 and officially became 4 in episode 3 and 5 in episode 4. While with the Aquitar Rangers, it was always five.
Labels: Abaranger, Kakuranger, Power Rangers, Super Sentai
The degree of Silver in Silver Rangers
Silver was first introduced as a new color in 1997 with Mega Silver. The label 'Silver' has been used on quite a few Rangers in Super Sentai, more in Super Sentai than Power Rangers. Each of them are different degrees of silver, I thought I'd cover them. Mega Silver / Silver Ranger [Megaranger (1997) / Power Rangers in Space (1998)] is the first ever silver warrior, it was more like a white, a shimmery platinum-like color. In Power Rangers, it was much more bland and white-ish. The silver in GaoSilver / Lunar Wolf Ranger [Gaoranger (2001) / Power Rangers Wild Force (2002)] was a solid silver, shiny but still grey-ish. Plus, it was accompanied with the color indigo. Deka Bright / Nova Ranger [Dekaranger (2004) / Power Rangers S.P.D. (2005)], who was not officially called silver in neither incarnation, her degree of silver is indeed bright, brighter than Gao Silver but not brighter than Mega Silver. It is like a light grey, it is shinier than Mega Silver. Of course, Deka Bright's suit was half-navy.
Bouken Silver / Mercury Ranger [Boukenger (2006) / Power Rangers Operation Overdrive (2007)] is super shiny and metallic, almost alluinium. His suit also had black and orange, a bit of red and that shiny blue. Go-On Silver / Ranger Silver [Go-Onger (2008) / Power Rangers RPM (2009)] is very shiny and aluminum-like and a bit blue-ish, almost the same as Bouken Silver, maybe Bouken Silver was more blue-ish, where Go-On Silver is the only one that is definitely metallic silver, not blue-ish, grey-ish or anything. Her costume is half black. Mega Silver, Gao Silver and Deka Bright all had some gold in their outfits.
I got a very polite request to cover what colors have been covered for the Sixth and Additional Rangers.
Green (3): Mask X-1 (1987), Dragonranger (1992) and Shurikenger (2002)
Silver (5): Mega Silver (1997), Gao Silver (2001), Deka Bright (2004), Bouken Silver (2006), Go-On Silver (2008).
White (4): Kibaranger (1993), Deka Break-with navy (2004), Deka Swan-with orange (2004), and MagiMother (2005). I'm not counting Geki Chopper because he is technically a fifth ranger.
Black (3): Kingranger (1995), BullBlack (1998), and Deka Master (2004).
Gold (4): Deka Gold (1994), Magi Shine-with navy (2005), Go-On Gold (2008) and Shinken Gold (2009).
Red (2): Time Fire (2000) and Aka Red (2007). Yes, I am counting Aka Red because where else where he go? And Wolzard Fire of course.
Purple (1): Wolzard (2005); let me remind everyone that GekiViolet is part of the main Gekiranger team.
They probably stuck most to metallic colors, I don't know how you would categorize the colors black, white, silver and gold, they are colors that are not primary and not secondary. Green and Purple are secondary colors, Green has only been used twice. Red has only used once in an entire series; AbareMax was red but he was only a power-up and is not considered a Sixth Ranger by fans nor officially anymore. The colors used by the female additional rangers had been used by male Rangers, except for Deka Swan, whose colors white and orange were later used in Geki Chopper.
Labels: Color: Silver, Dekaranger, New Ranger, Power Rangers, PR In Space, Super Sentai
Power Rangers RPM - Episode 6 - "Ranger Green"
"Ranger Green"
Ziggy thought Dr. K was a dude and now she is testing him and he fails his first test... teleportation, uh-oh they are messing with teleportation too? No need to worry, it seems to be a X-men like teleportation where you can't really figure where you gonna end up unless you train. So he fails and Dr. K figures it is not the first time... we are delightfully shown two others times Ziggy has failed a test.... a driver's test and the test to be part of the Scorpion Cartel mafia. Dr. K is upset at Ziggy and doesn't like him, which he finds out when he tries to plead his case to stay a Ranger. So a new bot has infiltrated the city, which didn't seem to happen often until the two new Rangers entered the city. The four rangers are in trouble against the magnet-pulling monster and need Ziggy to teleport.
Ziggy teleports and has disappeared. He reappears un-transformed and in a strange dark place... the bank and is accused by officers. He ends up in prison, with Scott's dad, Summer, and Dillon interview him. Scott's dad has found out he came in with the Scorpion Cartel, we are given a flashback where we get a mini Jungle Fury crossover where they come out of the Jungle Karma Pizza. We find out he was to get money out of an orphanage/clinic, where kids have the 'gamma sickness.' So what made all the criminals upset? Ziggy had to drive a truck with pretty valuable cargo and according to the mobster, they say Ziggy stole it and was greedy. Dr. K wants to take the morpher from Ziggy because he won't tell them. Meanwhile, Flynn and Scott are unfortunate enough to find themselves in a junk yard with the Magnet-bot.
Dillon and Summer have to go but Dillon is worried about Ziggy, Scott's dad says he will take care of it. They arrive, only to be beaten and un-morphed. Meanwhile, Ziggy gets a meal and is in trouble with the mafia. The unmorphed Rangers fight Grinders while the monster tries hot-wiring the gate to the city. The four morph again and Benny (who used to work with Ziggy) tries to talk to Dr. K when she is busy. She says she never goes outside. She lets him, grudgingly so. The Rangers fight the attack bot and the Grinders. The three Rangers destroy him with their combined blaster and he grows and the Megazord is formed. Benny tells Dr. K they are going to 'make an example' of Ziggy for 'what he did.'
The truth is he got a flat tire and what was in the truck was medical supplies and he brought it to the sick kids with gamma sickness of course. Benny vouches for Ziggy. He is the one that helped him out of the city. We are shown a flashback of Ziggy and Dillon outside in the desert. Then we are shown Ziggy (not in jail anymore) being ambushed by most of the 'men' that were involved with the robbery. He asked Ziggy why he did what he did and he said he would do ti again. He is about to gotten beat up when Dr. K comes in a white coat and that experimental laser she didn't let anyone else use. The gangsters scoff at her but Ziggy ducks for cover and she blasts it at some selected men and a pudgy out of shape guy and one in-shape hot guy and a guy with a huge tattoo become shirtless. She blows them away.
Everyone runs for cover. Bob asks her what she wants and she says she wants Ziggy, at that moment he has bread in his mouth. She sighs. Dillon is surprised when he is told by Ziggy in a military fashion that he is coming in. Black and Green save the Megazord and Ziggy asks to join in the Megazord, Red and Yellow welcome him but Flynn says that it clashes with the primary color motif of the Megazord. Anyway, they take care of the villain. Back at the base, Ziggy believes him and Dr. K are friends. Dr. K says he is only a piece of equipment to her. He tries teleporting once again and Mr. heart of gold gets telported to the ceiling fence-y grate thingy.
Great episode! What makes this episode is the flashbacks. This is definitely a Ziggy and Dr. K episode. And Ziggy back in prison is always a good. Also, the return of the Scorpion Cartel mafia! As for the opening, we finally get the Green Ranger but for some reason, Flynn's video on his cast card has been changed, I miss when he laughs! It was so cute!
Suggestions Welcomed
Suggestions to any quandaries about Tokusatsu (Power Rangers, Super Sentai, Kamen Rider, Sailor Moon, Gransezar, Metal Heroes, etc.) you want me to research or cover (for example: different ethnicities for Power Rangers or the merchandise made for female Kamen Riders), let me know. You can comment about it on this post.
Stunt Suit Actors for Female Rangers
People always ask how many stuntmen have played female warriors and how many actual women have played the female warriors. I hate the convention of the color blue for boy and pink for girl but I used this time for the chart to be easy to understand. In this chart, Pink represents stuntwomen and Blue represents stuntmen who have had to 'stuff' their chest.
The men Midori Naito, Hiroshi Ueda, Ryoji Kurihara, and Shoji Ohara played Momo Ranger in Goranger and Minoru Yokoyama played Heart Queen. Lisa Komaki played Miss America and so did Eiko Onodera, she is Tsutomu Kitagawa's wife, Kitagawa has played Ninja Black, Battle Kenya, Shishiranger, Bat Li, and Godzilla suit since 1999, to name a few. Kitagawa played Miss America for the tough stunts. After that, Mr. Michihiro Takeda played the pink warriors (Denji Pink to Pink Five) and then guys Yuuichi Hachisuka and Masato Akada played the females from Changeman to Jetman. Shinobu Shimura also doubled as Goggle Pink and Dyna Pink, don't know if Shinobu is male or female. It wasn't a woman back until Zyuranger with Kiyohito Nakagawa. By Zyuranger, it was a stuntwomen once again until Carranger, where both female warriors were men. For Megaranger, MegaPink and NegiPink were women while MegaYellow and NegiYellow were men. GingaPink to TimePink were done by Motokuni 'Mr. Pink' Nakagawa.
GaoWhite was done by Yuuichi Hachisuka (above), who has also done DekaBright, MagiMother, Mele's Beastman form, Gosei Pink, Hime Shinken Red, and Gokai Yellow. Then until Hurricanger, it was women again. Boukenger had men (Nakagawa and Hachisuka) and then Gekiranger, women again. Motokuni Nakagawa has also understudyed for Oh Pink, Pink Blocker, Mega Pink, Gao White, and Deka Yellow. Female Keiko Hashimoto (DekaYellow) also understudied for Oh Yellow. Interestingly enough Yuuichi Hachisuka played White Swan and his twin brother Shoji Hachisuka played Blue Swallow in Jetman, but Yuuichi was replaced by Masato Akada from episode 25 until the end of the series. Shoji took over for Yuuichi as BoukenYellow in Gekiranger vs. Boukenger as Yuuichi played Mele. Mr. Masaru Oobayashi who played Yellow Racer, has played Vankyuria in Magiranger and Dayu in Shinkenger, but has also played male Rei in Boukenger and Master Elehen Kempo in Gekiranger. Also worth mentioning, female Naoko Kamio has played a Hanaranger, MegaPink, and Snowijel but has also played the male Master ShaFu and gender-neutral RoboTough in Gekiranger. I think it is also worth mentioning that Kamen Rider Femme (Keiko Hashimoto) and Kamen Rider Larc [Yuuki Ono (Hurricane Blue, MagiPink, DekaSwan and AbareYellow)] were played by women; except for Kamen Rider Shuki--who was played by Naoki Nagase. Female Mizuho Nogawa has played MagiBlue, Go-On Silver, Gosei Yellow, and Gokai Pink---she reprise all three roles at least once in Gokaiger.
For the Power Rangers, most of the female rangers are portrayed by men, namely Namihei Koshige, who has played the Yellow MMPR Ranger (He started in 1995) to White Aquitar Ranger to Yellow Jungle Fury Ranger and most likely the RPM Yellow. He is one of the rare stunt actors that started in MMPR and has been there for New Zealand other than producer Koichi Sakamoto. For Power Rangers, a whole team of people play one ranger. Sometimes a woman (Bridget Riley, Minerva Adams, Sophia Crawford, Motoko Nagino, Nami Hanada, Jun Yamashita, and Hiromi Sunaoshi) would but the majority of the work has been done by men. Funny enough most of the gender-changed yellow rangers (Lost Galaxy, Lightspeed, Time Force, Wild Force) were played by men, except for the American MMPR Yellow Ranger.
Check out the stunt section on my website SuperSentai.com
Labels: Aquitar Rangers, Female Kamen Riders, Hanaranger, Jetman, Namihei Koshige, Power Rangers, Suit Actors, Super Sentai
RPM Ranger Green joins Disney World's Hollywood Studios
This will be probably the last time I cover this! Big tear running down my cheek! The Power Rangers have been in Disney World resort and park's Hollywood Studios in Orlando, Florida since 2005. They are part of the Disney Stars and Motor Cars parade. Kids go in hordes. They only allow five at a time. Each year a Ranger gets replaced by another.
In 2005, there was the Pink Time Force Ranger (from the 2001 season), the Lunar Wolf Wild Force Ranger (silver, from the 2002 season), the Green Samurai Star Ranger (from the 2003 season), the white Dino Thunder Ranger (from the 2004 season), and the Red S.P.D. Ranger (from the 2005 season). Though they had irregular colors on the team not common for a standard five-color team: Red, Silver, White, Green, and Pink.
In 2006, the Pink Time Force Ranger was retired by the Pink Mystic Force Ranger. She was selected to clearly replace the other Pink Ranger. Pink Time Force Ranger was at the park for only 2005.
In 2007, the Lunar Wolf Wild Force Ranger was retired by the Yellow Operation Overdrive Ranger. She was probably selected to have two females. The Lunar Wolf Ranger was at the park from 2005 to 2007.
In 2008, the Green Samurai Star Ranger was retired and replaced by the Blue Jungle Fury Ranger. They still had irregular team colors: Red, Blue, Pink, Yellow, and White. He was probably selected because the series started with Red, Blue, and Yellow and they already had Red and Yellow. The Green Samurai Star Ranger was at the park from 2005 to 2008, for three years.
The White Dino Thunder Ranger was in the park from 2005 to 2009, for four years. On March 7th 2009, the White Dino Thunder Ranger was retired by the Green R.P.M. Ranger! I thought this year wouldn't be done because there will be no new season filmed in New Zealand (and Bandai America saying it won't be canceled doesn't prove anything to me) and there is 0 publicity being done (no official website, no merchandise other than toys so far), but I stand corrected! And for the first time ever, the DisneyWorld Power Ranger team has standard Ranger colors: Red, Green, Blue, Pink and Yellow. I am surprised they didn't go with Black--it would be the original colors of the Mighty Morphin Power Rangers, but I guess they wanted to stay with colorful colors--they are also the colors of the original Super Sentai... Goranger.
If you are parent and reading this, they say this Ranger has the power of the Shark, but the animal on his helmet is actually an Orca, the fin faces the opposite way, but Bandai America labeled it as a shark, probably thinking children shouldn't be educated about killer whales.
Labels: Disney, Disney World, Power Rangers, Public Events, Theme Parks
RPM Ranger Green joins Disney World's Hollywood St...
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Integrated Building Management Systems
E: controls@integratedbms.co.uk
T: (01636) 674 875
BMS Systems
Integrated BMS
Energy In Control
Project / Derby Multi-Sports Arena
Derby’s iconic Multi-Sports Arena is one of the UK’s first Olympic legacy projects. The futuristic 14,500m2 facility built next to Pride Park Stadium includes a national standa
Project / The Oracle Shopping Centre
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2008 ISSN 1801-1020
VOLUME 9, NUMBER 2,
Tomoyuki Tanaka
EACH WOMB T. “EYE SMELLS FISH” (FW 299),
SIGLA ORIGINS, ISSY=JESUS,
AND JOYCE’S PUZZLE-FIELD
I examine the unifying themes of Finnegans Wake that are evoked by the footnotes 3 and 4 on Page 299:
“3 Pure chingchong idiotism with any way words all in one soluble. Gee each owe tea eye smells fish. That’s U.”
“4 The Doodles family, E, D, I, X, O, V, C. Hoodle doodle, fam.?”
http://www.trentu.ca/faculty/jjoyce/fw-299.htm
Section 1 presents new interpretations of the footnote 3: anti-Pox eye wash for newborn babies (first noted by Paré), a Chinese sing-song sign into which many meanings are soluble (Paré), silver fish Lucia and Jesus fish filling the pages of FW, etc. Tea, fish (psari = P.S. + “Paree”), and XXXX (mcmxxxix) are identified in the last lines. Variations of the duplicated “Ocone! Ocone!” represent oceans, twin-fish (Lucia, Jesus), two eyes, twin-Issys, hiccups, etc.
In section 2, the origins of the seven sigla in the footnote 4 are sought in Numidian, Berber (Paré), Phoenician, Semitic, Greek, Chinese, and Japanese scripts: Conflation of [h], [e], “E”, mirror-E, and “山” (mountain) contributing to HCE and his siglum. ALP’s three lines yield “川” (river), “三” (three), and the water radical. The square siglum for FW and its title originating from the square Sinai signs that became bet (house) in the Hebrew alphabet. The FW mandala siglum in Phoenician, Cretan, and Semitic scripts correspond to the Greek Theta, matching its position in “Ι Χ Θ Υ Σ” (ichthys).
In section 3, Issy (Lucia) is identified with Jesus through schema entries for Issy, trinity in Japanese characters (以, い, イ), the iroha-uta, and the parallels between the last pages of FW and the last hours of Jesus.
In section 4, examining the silver Agenbite of conscience (U), lightning pain and thunderclap (FW) and other issues shows that FW was Joyce’s puzzle-field to hide his corpse, and suggests what we must do in light of the revelation offered by Ferris.
--- “Knightly knock eternally wood he make Finnegans Wake.”
[1] GHOTI spells fish --- “Gee each owe tea eye smells fish”
--- Silver fish (Lucia) and Jesus fish fill the pages
--- Tea, fish (psari = P.S. + “Paree”), & XXXX (mcmxxxix) end FW
--- Genesis of FW in “Paris. 1922”: ii, letter, fish, Trinity, 3.14…
--- Oconee = okeanos (ocean) + sakana (fish) + oko (eye) + okonie (perches) + …
--- More interpretations of the footnote 3
--- The footnote 3 in context: Book II, Chapter 2, “Night Lessons”
--- The footnote 4 in context: “a lozenge to me all my lauffe.”
[2] Sigla origins and Ι Χ Θ Υ Σ (I ch th y s)
[3] Issy (Lucia) = Iesu (Jesus)
--- Schema entry for Issy [I], Visigothi = Vision + ghoti (fish)
--- Trinity of Issy: 以, い, イ --- the iroha-uta (イロハ)
--- FW ’s end, Jesus’s end
[4] Joyce’s puzzle-field to hide his corpse
--- 1. (HCE) What do the initials HCE mean?
--- 2. (Nothing else) Why no Hobbit- or CATS-like primer?
--- 3. (Too complex) Why did Joyce overdo it?
--- Ferris and Robinson explain “HCE”
--- Silver Agenbite of conscience (U), lightning pain and thunderclap (FW)
--- Conclusion: Joyce’s confession and our role
Had an unusually loud voice;
Knightly knock eternally wood he make
Finnegans Wake.
This “clerihew” poem made me so excited. The poem’s author was not given in the article (Word Ways, Feb. 2008, available at http://www.thefreelibrary.com/Word+Ways-p2780), which added to the excitement, because it could have been written by anyone --- a master, even Nabokov or Burgess!
The poem’s meaning wasn’t immediately apparent, and I felt a tingling sense of anticipation --- maybe this is a specimen of the “Wakean morsel” I have been waiting for a long time: a delightful little puzzle in the sprit and technique of FW, but without its overwhelming depth, volume, weight, and interconnectedness.
After spending a few minutes deciphering it, I felt disappointed. The poem (written by Michael Curl) is nice and clever, but clearly this is not the Wakean morsel I have been waiting for.
(The “clerihew” poem does capture an anecdote about Joyce’s writing of FW. Nora’s complaint: “I can’t sleep any more. […] Well, Jim is writing at his book. I go to bed and then that man sits in the next room and continues laughing about his own writing. And then I knock at the door, and I say, ‘Now, Jim, stop writing or stop laughing.’ ” (Maddox 324). So Joyce’s loud laughing voice might have kept his neighbors awake.)
I felt that the little 4-line poem has nothing to do with Joyce or with FW. The problem is not the brevity. As I shall show, Joyce’s short and often-quoted “ghoti” sentence contains meanings that remained hidden for many decades.
A Joycean puzzle is usually multi-lingual, and, more importantly, pregnant with layers of seemingly-inexhaustible hidden meanings. Whenever we think we’ve reached the end, we found that Joyce had hidden an additional layer. For example, the name-puzzle “Jesus, Mr. Doyle.” (U 622.42) was thought to be solved by Robert Adams with the conversion: Jesus = Christ = Anointed = oiled = Doyle.” But I showed several more additional associations, including a Pox-connection that makes Conan Doyle a medical savior for Joyce. (Tanaka, “Box and Cox, the Homeric Sherlock Holmes, and Joyce’s Ulysses” Hypermedia Joyce Studies, http://hjs.ff.cuni.cz/archives/v9_1/main/essays.php?essay=tanaka (Feb. 2008).)
Then I thought: Is there a puzzle in Ulysses or FW that is like the “clerihew” poem? Like a mono-lingual puzzle for children that you can solve quickly and completely?
I remembered the “ghoti” puzzle and its Joycean variant I’ve known for 30 years. In high school, a friend named Fisher posed the puzzle, which I couldn’t solve and he quickly explained it: “Ghoti” spells fish because “gh” is pronounced [f] in laugh or enough, “o” is pronounced [i] in women, and “ti” is pronounced [sh] in nation. This puzzle is usually attributed to G. B. Shaw, but earlier sources have been cited (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ghoti). Martin Gardner in The Scientific American, Sept. 1964, p.222 attributes it to Dudeney (Clive Hart, A Wake Newslitter, II/1, Feb. 1965, p. 13-4).
Joyce substituted a homophonic word for each letter of GHOTI and worked it into the footnote 3 of FW 299: “3 Pure chingchong idiotism with any way words all in one soluble. Gee each owe tea eye smells fish. That’s U.” If the sentence --- “Gee each owe tea eye smells fish.” --- is a simple variant of “GHOTI spells fish” and nothing more, then it’d be comparable to the simple “clerihew” poem. But is it?
The answer: it is not. A myriad of interpretations are possible, including the following reading used in this paper’s title.
“Each womb T. --- eye smells fish” Meaning: Each woman’s womb has (or potentially harbors) syphilitic infection, and during childbirth, a baby’s eye is exposed to the swimming T. pallidum, as well as to the fishy smell of the mother’s vagina.
Regarding the first three words, “each owe tea” (Each womb T.): The word “owe” (O in GHOTI) is from the word “wom.en,” so it is reasonable to suppose that Joyce associated “owe” with the word’s first syllable “wom” (hence, “womb”). Also possibly “Each owns T.” --- that each person (woman, womb, man) carries syphilitic infection.
Kathleen Ferris in James Joyce and the Burden of Disease (1995) argues that in Ulysses and FW “tea” is often Joyce’s codeword for T. pallidum, the spirochete that causes syphilis. This is especially true for the capital T (“cupital tea”, FW 369.32), or when tea is mentioned out of the blue without any context, as in the footnote 3 (FW 299). Joyce would not have missed the association between a silver, tea fish (silver-tongued “Selvertunes” (299.23) footnoted as “tea” and “fish”) and the swimming T. pallidum. In the early sightings of T. pallidum under the microscope, the scientists described it as “slivery” and “swimming of a snake or an eel,” which Joyce used in Ulysses and FW (Tanaka).
Regarding the last three words, “eye smells fish” --- Diane Ackerman (20-21) notes that we have oceans within our bodies, “Our blood is mainly salt water,” and notes: “Smell was the first of our senses. It was so successful that in time the small lump of olfactory tissue atop the nerve cord grew into a brain. Our cerebral hemispheres were originally buds from the olfactory stalks. We think because we smelled.” The ineluctable modality of the smell to evoke memories is captured by Marcel Proust in Remembrance of Things Past.
Ackermann (21): “Through the ages women’s vaginas have been described as smelling ‘fishy.’ In fact, Sandor Ferenczi, a disciple of Freud’s, went so far as to declare, in Thalassa: A Theory of Genitality, that men make love to women because women’s wombs smell of herring brine, and men are trying to get back to the primordial ocean”. Ackermann (21) also notes that the fishy smell may come from old semen. “Ei” (egg in German) smells fish. (See also Allegra Wong. “Mourning or melancholia: Joyce’s death fixation and the ‘Calypso’ chapter in Ulysses” http://critiquemagazine.com/article/joyce.html no date.)
As Ferris points out, Joyce had an encyclopedic knowledge of syphilis and science, history, and cultural trivia connected with syphilis, which he subtly and extensively alluded to in Ulysses and FW. Silver nitrate eye wash was suggested by Dominique Paré (in [fwread@lists.colorado.edu] mailing list, May 7, 2008). Joyce would have been aware of this practice administered to newborns to prevent eye infections and blindness caused by contraction of syphilis, gonorrhea, Chlamydia, and other diseases. This method of protection using silver nitrate was first used by Credé in 1881 and is still in use. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silver_nitrate). Here are two medical texts from 1913 and 1918.
“Silver nitrate is used as an eye wash for the newborn, a drop or two of 14 per cent. solution being dropped in the eye immediately after delivery.” (A Nurse’s Hand-book of Medicine, by John Norman Henry, J. B. Lippincott company, 1913, p. 272).
“Conjunctivitis neonatorum (ophthalmia neonatorum) should be prevented. Women should not have gonorrhea. A child’s head which has passed through an infected birth canal, as soon as born, should be treated as follows: the lids should be cleansed and separated and 2 drops of a 1 per cent. solution of silver nitrate dropped into each conjunctival sac at the outer canthus. In the present stage of civilization all birth canals should be regarded as infected unless they can be proved to be not infected.” (Surgical treatment v.3, by James Peter Warbasse, published by W.B. Saunders (Philadelphia and London), 1918, p. 122).
Note the last comment regarding “all birth canals should be regarded as infected” --- each womb T. This eye-wash procedure was likely performed at the births of Joyce’s children in 1905 and 1907, leaving a strong impression on him.
Joyce’s daughter Lucia (1907-82) in 1929 in Paris danced on stage in a shimmering silver fish costume that she designed. She was one of the six finalists that competed before a stellar panel of judges. Lucia was fully conscious in the audience of the adoring eyes of Samuel Beckett, with whom Lucia was falling in love. She didn’t win the competition that night, but she was the crowd’s favorite. As the results were announced, the members of the audience protested loudly, “We’re calling for the Irish girl! Be fair, judges!” to Joyce’s immense delight. (JJ 612, The section “Lucia, the silver fish” (p. 173--) in Carol Loeb Shloss, Lucia Joyce: To Dance in the Wake, 2003). Photograph at: http://www.amazon.com/Lucia-Joyce-Carol-Loeb-Shloss/dp/0374194246
In the following year, Beckett told Lucia that he wasn’t romantically interested in her, causing a rift between Joyce and Beckett. But it seems Beckett always had some feelings for Lucia. “When Samuel Beckett died in 1989, a striking snapshot of a feral woman dancing, clad from head to toe in silver fish scales, was found among his papers. Beckett had kept this memento of […] Lucia, for more than 60 years.” (Tara Pepper, “Portrait of the Daughter: Two works seek to reclaim the legacy of Lucia Joyce” Newsweek, March 8, 2005, http://www.istrianet.org/istria/illustri/non-istrian/joyce/lucia1.htm)
In 1933, Lucia took injections of sea water as prescribed by Dr. Henri Vigres (Shloss 255), further identifying Lucia as a fish.
Silver-tongued “Selvertunes” (299.23) footnoted as a “fish” --- a silver fish --- is Lucia, the apple of Joyce’s eye. “The lappel of his size” (314.33-). In “eye smells fish,” fish corresponds to apple from Finn’s eating the salmon of wisdom (“Salmonson” (297.03)). “Eye” is pronounced the same as “Ei” (egg in German) suggesting baby and eye --- the expression “babies in the eyes” means “Love (Cupid) in the expression of the eyes.” (Brewer’s). As Joyce indicated in his letter to Budgen, these footnotes are “by the girl” (Letters I. 405-6). The adoring father says to his daughter Lucia: silver “fish. That’s U.” (Dutch U: you, and Chinese (yu) yü: fish. (McHugh)).
John Gordon points out the many associations between Issy and Lucia. St. Lucia is the patron saint of light, vision, and the blind. Issy is associated with double ‘i’s: Iris, Isis, … . (Gordon 80).
Iris is the Greek goddess of the rainbow and messenger of the gods. Iris in the Iliad corresponds to Hermes (Mercury) in the Odyssey. Iris (around the pupil, the apple of the eye) in Japanese is “ 虹彩 ” (kousai, literary, “rainbow colors” --- more on this below). Joyce must have been intrigued by these Chinese-Japanese characters. The first one contains insect (on the left) and I or rotated-H. The second contains three vertical strokes over a tree (on the left) and three diagonal lines.
In the footnote 3, “Gee each owe tea eye smells fish.” contains several [i] sounds and an “eye”. (Lutein is a substance found in the macula of the human retina, and is recently thought helpful in preventing various eye diseases. Lutein may have contributed to Joyce’s association of Lucia and eyes.)
“Salmonpapered walls” (559.02) cover the bedroom of HCE and ALP (Gordon 34). “North, wall with window practicable. Argentine in casement” (559.04). As Gordon (33) points out, argentine are “any of various small silver-scaled salmon-like marine fishes” (thefreedictionary.com). The coins piled or stacked in the window’s casement are ‘Argentine’ in the ‘silvering’ light of dawn (Gordon 33). Joyce probably associated argentines (silver fish), silver coins, and Lucia’s costume that covered her from head to toe in silver fish scales resembling silver coins.
Joyce filled the pages of FW with species and variations of fish. Since the exact pagination was not available to Joyce, he would have achieved fish on every page by placing a fish at half-page intervals. “By my count, the number of allusions to fish and their watery world comes to at least 2,200, an average of 3.5 per page.” (Robert H. Boyle, “You Spigotty Anglease?” New York Times Magazine, July 23, 2000). Boyle seemed to have missed many fish references, including “ghoti” in “Spigotty” (16.06) (not in fweet.org). Fish on every page may be “a kind of Finnegans Wake twist on JMJ at the top of a school foolscap” (Dominique Paré, June 11, 2004, on the [fwread@lists.colorado.edu] mailing list), where JMJ stands for Jesus, Mary, and Joseph. This practice common in Catholic schools (see Ralph A. Smith, Cultural Literacy and Arts Education, 1991, p. 67) or a similar practice may have led Joyce to fill his pages with fish. And it must have been an acknowledgement of Joyce’s love for his shimmering silver fish, Lucia.
“A way a lone a last a loved a long the
ALP’s final letter is sometimes considered to begin with “Dear” “Reverend” (615.12) and end with a signature and 3-line postscript (619.17-9) quoted below. But the final “breakfast / letter apparently extends to the end of the book --- the last word, ‘the’, is French for ‘tea’, which I/5 taught us is the letter’s last sign.” (Gordon 272). FW ends with a tea-stain, the all-important tea of “each womb T.”
“Paris” in the next line is the promised “pee ess” (111.18) and corresponds to “P.S.” (619.17) (fweet.org). The last S in “Paris” is silent: “In gay Paree he hides, Egan of Paris” (U 43). Combining “P.S.” and “Paree” yields psari, fish in Greek. This is the fish for breakfast in “The trout will be so fine at brookfisht.” (621.12).
Four X’s are at the end of most variants of the letter (McCarthy 727-8). 1922 in Roman numerals is mcmxxii. Note the final two ‘i’s of Issy, as in “twoinns with four crosskisses” (111.17). 1939 is mcmxxxix. XXXX.
1922-1939 == mcmxxii -- mcmxxxix. “With Kiss. Kiss [--] Criss. Cross Criss. Kiss Cross.” (11.27) (the dash is mine) match the dates 2-39 or “ii -- xxx ix”.
“Axe on thwacks on thracks, axenwise. One by one place one be three dittoh and one before.” (019.20-- ) similarly describes “X and X. 1 by 1. Place three Xs and 1 before X” or “xx ii -- xxx ix” (years 22-39).
The “postscript from which three basia or shorter and smaller oscula” (122.21) and “that last labiolingual basium might be read as a suavium” (122.32) describe three kisses, a smaller kiss, and the last kiss: xxx i x (39).
“Ex! Feel how sheap! Exex! His liver too is great value, a spatiality! Exexex!” (172.8-) contains X, XX, “to”, XXX and three short vowels [i], which when reordered gives “xx ii (to) xxx ix”.
Book II, Chapter 2, “Night Lessons” ends with a NIGHTLETTER on Page 308, with a doodle recalling the Tunc page of The Book of Kells. The page begins with “Xenophon” in the left margin, which also contains “Boox and Coox” (xxx). The page ends with two footnotes: “1 Kish is for anticheirst […]” and “2 And gags for skool and crossbuns […]”. The first footnote provides an ‘i’ (kiss, fish) and the second provides an ‘x’ (cross). So this page contains “xxx” and ends with “ix” (39) like FW.
“Boox and Coox, Amallaga- mated” on Page 308 seems a corporate name, suggesting that its and is a commercial and --- “et commercial” is a French name for &. The first doodle on the page shows a thumb (French pouce) and a hand --- “un pouce hand” sounds like ampersand.
As for “the four shortened ampersands” (121.36), my guess is that “& & & &” can be read in French as “alors, alors, alors, alors” (with “et” in between), and this inspired the passage, “a lone a last a loved a long”. Or the ampersands were shortened into four Ams or Ems in McMxxii -- McMxxxix.
“P.S. Soldier Rollo’s sweetheart. And she’s about fetted up now with nonsery reams. And rigs out in regal rooms with the ritzies. Rags! Worns out. But she’s still her deckhuman amber too.” (619.17-). 1922 is read in French as “mille neuf cent vingt-deux”. Perhaps a MIL (military-man) “naïf sens” (naive sense) and (wine-colored) “vin” two contributed to the “Soldier” “sweetheart” and “amber two”. And “trent-neuf” (39) or “tron neuf” (new throne) contributed to Rolf (Rollo) Ganger who became the first Duke of Normandy, and “regal rooms” in the postscript.
The “deckhuman amber too.” (619.17-) in the postscript suggests “Document Number Two” or FW (Gordon 273, McCarthy 732). Besides being a follow-up to the great Ulysses, I suggest more ways in which Joyce considered FW as the “Document No. 2”. As soon as Joyce started writing FW, he knew that the last line was going to be “Paris. 1922 --”, the postscript (psari, fish) containing “… vingt-deux”, which suggests (je) “vins deux” or “I came (or arrived) two.” Moreover, the square FW siglum corresponds to bet (house), the second letter in the Hebrew alphabet, and the second katakana letter in the iroha (イロハ) alphabet. The iroha is also written as 以呂波 of which the second letter contains two FW sigla.
“riverrun, past Eve and Adam’s” --- Hugh Kenner observed “pa” (father), “Stephen”, and the “Ecce Puer” theme: father dying and grandson born (Maddox 278). I note that in “Pa -- St eve an -- dada -- m’s” we have the three generations of Joyces: father, son, and grandfather. The grandfather is “dada” as in the last line of the poem: “Humptydump Dublin’s granddada of all rogues.” The river ran past ‘i’s and ‘x’s and past ‘m’s in the postscript.
Finally, what is the meaning of XXXX and &&&& at the end?
XXXX --- sealing a letter with (hugs and) kisses has been previously suggested. 1939 is mcmxxxix, containing XXXX. X resembles the Greek Chi (Χ), and the kai symbol (Greek: ϗ), formed from kappa (κ) with an extra lower stroke, is sometimes used in Greek and Coptic as an abbreviation for the word καί, (Greek conjunction for “and”). The kai symbol is used in a similar manner as the ampersand (&). http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kai_%28abbreviation%29
The Xs also corresponds to the X in Ulysses. “Sinbad the Sailor and Tinbad the Tailor and […] and Dinbad the Kailer and Vinbad the Quailer and Linbad the Yailer and Xinbad the Phthailer.” (U 737). As Bloom dozes off, the letters begin to jump around, hitting D, K, V, Q, L, Y, X, …, giving the list a pangram-like quality, which is an appropriate way to end the encyclopedic narration of Bloom’s day.
&&&& --- In the 19th century and earlier, & was regarded as the 27th letter of the English alphabet, making it appropriate at the end. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ampersand Moreover, “&” here is a symbol that attaches (like the musical notation attacca) the end of FW to the beginning. The name “Ampersand” derived from “and per se and”, which is especially appropriate here because “per se” resembles “P. S.” --- [the ending of FW] “and P. S. and” [the beginning of FW].
The derivation of the name “Ampersand”: “and” = “and per se and”. This equation recalling a circular definition or a recursive acronym would have intrigued Joyce. It resembles this fundamental equation of the “& ouroboros”: FW = FW + P. S. + FW --- which means that FW is defined as (1) FW, the novel text (which repeatedly talks about a letter in hinting, teasing ways), and (2) “P. S.” and (3) FW, the novel text to be immediately re-read (the entire letter).
The French name for “&” is “Esperluette”, which may have come from “espère lue et” (On espère qu’elle soit lue “et”). http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperluette (One hopes that it (&) be read “et”). With “espère lue et” (hope read and), Joyce is expressing his wish: “I hope that you have read thus far and that you will continue re-reading from the beginning.”
(The “Paris” was noted as a postscript in fweet.org. Beyond that, none of my suggestions is currently in fweet.org.)
The genesis of FW can be reconstructed from “Paris. 1922 --”, based on the analysis in the preceding and other sections of this paper. As soon as Joyce started the conception of the book to follow Ulysses, he knew that the last line was going to be “Paris […] 1922 --”.
“1922” contains 22 suggesting twins. McMxxii contains McM recalling Ann McAnn (Ann daughter of Ann) and Trinity. “xx” suggests hugs or kisses ending a letter, and “ii” hints at two eyes of Lucia, Iris, Isis, twin-fish, etc.
“Paris” suggests a postscript to a letter with a tea-stain, ending in French the (thé). Combining “P.S.” and “Paree” yields psari, fish in Greek. (Ann McAnn (Kenner 284), “ii”, Iris, Isis (Gordon 80), and French the (thé) (Gordon 272) are discussed elsewhere in this paper.)
Fish live in rivers, and a letter may begin with “Reverend” (615.12) or “riverrun”. Trinity involves convoluted whole-to-part mappings, which prompts the entire letter (the FW) being mapped to shorter letters within the FW, as well as an ouroboric, circular structure.
“riverrun” (meaning “Dear” “Reverend” (615.12)) suggests river-end. A river runs through the entirety of FW. The two river-ends are marked by “riverrun” and “the”. A circular river has just one end (or one point, not two), which point is marked as river-end. The book beginning with END (river-end) and ending with “the” (an archetypical beginning (of a sentence)) has something flowing or pointing backwards (from p. 628 to p. 3), symbolizing circularity, eternal recurrence, fin-again, Phoenix, rebirth, ... . (Posted to fwread as HenHanna on Aug. 8, 2008).
Joyce likely associated Trinity (triune 3=1) with Pi (3.14…), subtly encoded throughout. “Three in one, one and three.” (526.13) encodes both Trinity and (because 1 and 3 is 4) “3 1 4”. The Euclid diagram on Page 293 shows two triangles inside two circles, in the Christian symbol of vesica piscis (McHugh “Sigla” 68).
Tristan on the first page (“Tristram” (3.04)) alludes to tea-stain (note French [r]) and tri est un (French “Trois est un.”) meaning [3 is 1] and Trinity. (Posted to fwread as HenHanna on Aug. 1, 2008).
Nigel Best noted: “[FW] starts on page 3 --- page two is blank, and page one has the number one on it --- the moral is: life starts with 3 --- the twone, the trinity of one and two.” (fwread, Aug. 1, 2008). Page 3 is the 1st page of the book (also roughly true for Ulysses, Random House / Vintage), which contains “with twone nathandjoe” (003.12) whose twone (21) encodes 3. The key number 1132 (the fall) probably encodes (3=1).
“riverrun” includes river-un, combining river (Jp. “川” and associated with the number 3) and French un (one). Trinity is triply triggered by “riverrun” (003.01) on Page 3 (=1st) and river-un (3=1).
“riverrun, past Eve and Adam’s” begins (as just noted) with “3 1”. “past” contains 4 letters. “Eve” has the vowel [i] associated with the number 1 in FW. “Adam’s” contains 5 letters.
Pi (3.14159…) times 100 is about 314.16 and FW has 314 leaves and 16 lines on the last page. Joyce reminds us of 100 in “A hundred cares” (627.14) and of leaves in “My leaves have drifted from me. All. But one clings still.” (628.06--). (314 leaves was noted by Riverend Sterling (FWake-L, 25 Jan 1998), and 16 lines was noted by Neuendorffer (FWake-L, 27 Jan 1998).)
Each FW page contains 36 lines. FW contains four books, each beginning with a page containing 24 lines. Perhaps Joyce intended lines 1-12 to be blank and “riverrun” to be on the 13th line of the first page (p.3), where 13 encodes Trinity (3=1). Numbered this way, 3.14 (p. 3, line 14) contains circle in “recirculation” (003.02).
The Oconee river in Georgia, USA is mentioned on the first page, and it is named numerous times, especially in a repeated form, as in “Ocone! Ocone!” (297.11).
I believe this is how Joyce derived this expression. In Ulysses, Joyce had Buck Mulligan brag, “Thalatta! Thalatta!” (5) to recreate Sgt. Bouncer’s brag “Rataplan! Rataplan!” from Cox and Box (Tanaka). Then, on the last page of Ulysses, Joyce had Molly say “O that awful deepdown torrent O and the sea the sea” (783). (Ulysses Annotated). Molly’s line includes (“O d, O d” and) “O sea, O sea”, which resembles “Ocean, Ocean.” Thus Ulysses was bookended at both ends by two words for sea and ocean (thalassa and okeanos) in modern Greek.
So, of course, FW is bookended similarly: “(O carina! O carina!)” (7.3) and “Sea, sea!” (626.7) (not in fweet.org). The latter part of “O carina” may suggest “marina.” Numerous other variations of “O sea, O sea” appear in between. None of the following examples is linked to “O sea, O sea” in fweet.org: “Assaye, assaye!” (8.26), “(Dare! O dare!)” (22.23), “O Mar- gareena! O Margareena!” (164.19-), “O’Shea or O’Shame” (182.30), “O hce! O hce!” (291.F01), “Ocone! Ocone!” (297.11), “O.K. Omnius Kollidimus.” (299.8-), “O dee, O dee” (299.21), “O gué, O gué!” (332.18), “(Oh sard! ah Mah!)” (365.35), “lo (whish, O whish!)” (407.11), “Ser Oh Ser! See ah See!” (499.10-), “Usque! Usque!” (499.31), “O, I see and see!” (563.19), “(O Sheem! O Shaam!)” (580.18). In “Ostia, lift it! Lift at it, Ostia! From the say! Away from the say!” (371.9), “Ostia” may combine “O see” and “Lucia”. “(oonagh! oonagh!)” (064.08) suggests Jp unagi (an eel) (not in fweet.org).
Other variations involve “yeh” and “yes”, etc. “O me and O ye!” (101.35) may suggest French mer (sea) and Chinese yang (sea, 洋) and yu (yü, fish, 魚). “O me” may refer to oumi (近江, 淡海, Jp. “fresh-water lake, Biwa Lake”), ome (お目, Jp. honorific O + “eye(s)”), or umi (海, Jp. “sea”). “O ye” may refer to oe (Jp 大江), which in Chinese means the Yangtze River. (Oe is a common family name. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenzaburo_Oe) None of the following examples is linked to “O sea, O sea” in fweet.org: “Oyeh! Oyeh!” (085.31), “O me and O ye!” (101.35), “Oyessoyess!” (488.19), “ooah, oyir, oyir, oyir” (553.04), “O yes! O yes!” (585.26). The last item recalls the closing pages of Ulysses. (None of this is in fweet.org).
The word “meme” appears 4 times (527.03, 21, 24, 528.10) suggesting mimesis, mimetic, French mer (sea) and même (same, self), Issy’s repetition “me, me” or “my, my”, and omeme (お目目, Jp. honorific O + “eye(s)” in baby-talk). The word “meme” is usually considered to be coined in the 1970s (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meme), but “mememormee!” (628.14) (memory, Remember me!) shows that Joyce’s use carries similar overtones as the current usage.
Other associations about Oconee that appealed to Joyce were Mark Twain’s Tom Sawyer, and Peter Sawyer who founded Dublin, Georgia on the Oconee river: “O’Connee weds on Alta Mahar” (549.28). (Dublin, Georgia, USA, is on the Oconee river, a tributary of the Altamaha river (McHugh). Anglo-Irish/Hiberno-English ochone: Irish ochón: alas (McHugh’s annotation on 297.11)
“Oconee” also resembles Greek words on households and family finance: oikos (house), oikogeneia (family), oikonomia (economy, finances, saving), and oikonomo (verb, to “save”, oikonomew?). To say “Oikonomo! Oikonomo!” is perhaps an admonition to save money.
More significantly, “Oconee” for Joyce probably contained Sakana, “fish” in Japanese. (not in fweet.org). Polish words for fish and eye may be suggested: okon (a perch), okonie (perches), and oko (an eye). (Notes for 003.07 and 297.11 in Katarzyna Bazarnik, “List of Polish elements in Finnegans Wake” Abiko Annual with James Joyce Finnegans Wake Studies, Vol. 20, Summer 2000.) Moreover, “lo (whish, O whish!)” (407.11) seems to combine the sound of waves and “fish”. Polish oko (an eye) suggests that “Ocone! Ocone!” (297.11) represents two eyes (‘i's) of Lucia (Iris, Isis) and twin Issys. Ai (愛) is “(to) love” in Chinese and Japanese, as McHugh notes on “love ay loved have I” (279.F10) and “Aiaiaiai” (293.23).
Thus, each occurrence of the variations of “Ocone! Ocone!” (297.11) invoked the silver fish (Lucia) and Jesus fish that Joyce tried to put into every page.
Possible Japanese words suggested by “Oconee” include: okoze (stingfish), oko (fool, used in the 19th century and earlier), oko ne! (“You fool!”), okonai (behavior, pronounced okonee in dialect), okunai (indoors), okune (deep-root), okunen (obsessions), oh-kini (“Thank you”, dialect), etc. Regarding the last item, see “(Obbligado!)” (464.02), Portuguese obrigado: thank you. Or Hakone, a tourist attraction famous for parks and hot springs. A famous 1901 song “Hakone hachiri” compares snaking Hakone mountain roads to sheep intestines. Paintings by Hokusai and Hiroshige (all the rage among the impressionists in Paris) show Mt. Fuji over the Hakone Lake.
“--- Hoke! --- Hoke! --- Hoke! --- Hoke!” (552.31-) was recognized as a group-hiccup by Finn Fordham (Lots of Fun at Finnegans Wake, 2007, p. 176) (not in fweet.org). Searching by fweet.org shows 15 hiccups between “jiccup!” (4.11) and “heacups” (616.23), but none are linked to a variation of “O sea, O sea” discussed in this section. The French word for hiccup is “hoquet,” and an inebriation-related hiccup is often duplicated in written text, as in: “O hce! O hce!” (291.F01), “O.K. Omnius Kollidimus.” (299.8-), “O gué, O gué!” (332.18), “Usque! Usque!” (499.31), ... .
“O hce! O hce!” (291.F01), “(O carina! O carina!)” (7.3), etc. may be related to “Hosanna” (the cry of adoration at Jesus on his entry into Jerusalem, see below), which in French would begin with the silent [h].
“3 Pure chingchong idiotism with any way words all in one soluble. Gee each owe tea eye smells fish. That’s U.” McHugh and fweet.org provides the following annotations to the footnote 3 on FW 299. Millington: English as She is Spoke includes a section headed “Idiotisms and Proverbs”. All Chinese words have one syllable. Dutch U: you, and Chinese (yu) yü: fish.
“Pure chingchong idiotism” may be a paraphrase of Nora’s description of FW: “that chop suey he’s writing.” (JJ 710).
Soluble Fish (Poisson Soluble) was André Breton’s book title and the name for the automatic writing in the Surrealist movement of the early 1920s. FW has aspects of automatic writing.
One can imagine a Chinese restaurant scene from an American movie, with a sing-song utterance by a Chinese waiter: “Gee! Each owe tea! Eye smells fish!” The last sentence could be an uneducated “hick” (or broken-English) variant of “I smell fish.” This evokes another broken-English utterance, “Vely lovely entilely!” (299.25) using Ls for Rs.
A Chinese character typically contains components, called “radicals.” That is, words and meanings are “soluble” in a Chinese character (Paré). An example of this “any way words all in one soluble” appears in “yangsheep-” (299.25), which McHugh annotates as “Chinese yang: sheep; foreign.” (Sheep may have been evoked by “goat” (GHOT).) “Yang” can be a reading for the character sheep (羊) as well as the character for ocean, western, or foreign (洋), which combines the water radical (the three strokes on the left) and a “sheep” on the right. “yangsheep-” is also a reference to the Yangtze River. “From the Ming dynasty, the name was sometimes written 洋子 (yángzĭ).” http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yangtze_River “tsifengtse” (299.26) is probably a river name or a description of a river.
Thomas Burkdall (49-50) suggests that Joyce’s interest in the Japanese-Chinese symbols (which Joyce called “letterwords”) influenced his use of the sigla. Dr. Carola Giedion-Welcker’s recollection of her “Meeting with Joyce”: “When the Japanese edition of Ulysses appeared in 1932, he [Joyce] showed it to me with special interest. He believed that, because the Japanese mentality was used to an indirect and fragmentary symbol language and also because their form of poetic expression was close to his, they were well prepared for his way of thinking and writing.” (Potts 266).
“Gee” can be a reference to Geo. Bernard Shaw, whose name allows a triple monosyllabic pronunciation: G. B. Shaw.
The “gheist” (299.14) combines the German “Geist” (spirit) with GHOST, which is similar to GHOTI.
“GHOTI spells fish.” The first word can be read as GYO-TI, and GYO is a Japanese reading of the Chinese character for “fish” (Paré). Combining GYO and SHI (Japanese reading, the character for “child”) results in the word GYO-SHI (魚子). This combined term can be read as (in Japanese and Chinese hybrid reading) GYO-TZU or GYO-ZI (two notations with the same pronunciation). The Chinese and Japanese meaning of the word can be “fish-child” (young fish) or possibly just “fish” because the “child” character seems to be a generic noun-maker. It is the last character in names of ancient philosophers (孔夫子、孔子、老子、孟子、荘子) --- Confucius (pinyin: Kong Fuzi or Kong zi, Wade-Giles: Kung-fu-tzu, or Kung-tzu), Lao tzu (Laozi), Mencius (Meng Zi, Meng Tzu), Zhuangzi (Chuang Tzu), etc. And more pertinently the “child” character is added to make common nouns (包子、餃子、帽子、椅子、卓子、扇子) --- steamed dumpling (Pao tzu, Pao zi), fried pot-stickers, hat, chair, table, fan, etc.
As “tea” (T) is a keyword in FW, so is H (“each”) of HCE. HOT (“each owe tea”) is like “Hoc,” the first word of “Hoc Est …” (see Section [4]).
Afflicted eye of Joyce may have produced some smell at some point (“eye smells fish”).
Joyce’s unnatural gait must have given him foot-corns. Joyce may have been aware that such a callus is called a “fish eye” (魚の目, uo no me) in Japanese: “IWO-NO-ME, n. A fish’s eye ; a corn on the foot.” (James Curtis Hepburn, A Japanese-English and English-Japanese dictionary, Z.P. Maruya & Co., 1897, p. 215). It is so-called also in Malay: “Mata ikan: a wart. [Lit. a fish’s eye.]” (Frank Athelstane Swettenham, A Vocabulary of the English and Malay Languages, W. B. Whittingham & co., 1887, p. 63). It is also named after a bird-eye in French and Japanese.
The word “owe” resembles “ewe” (female sheep) --- “That’s U.” Another sheep on the page is “Hammel-” (299.22), which in German means sheep or wether (castrated ram).
“GHOTI spells fish.” (smells fish). This perhaps refers to a man’s goatee (Paré). Goat is spelled “ghoat” at 51.13 and 81.30 (Clive Hart, Structure and motif in Finnegans wake, 1962, p. 225) and at 51.15. No linguistic stunt would be too cunning for Joyce. A man’s goatee smelling of fish soup recalls the old song that, like FW, goes on repeating forever: “There once was a man named Michael Finnegan, / he had whiskers on his chin-i-gan, / shaved them off and they grew in-i-gan, / poor old Michael Finnegan, begin-i-gan.”
“That’s U.” may be a reference to a page in Ulysses, e.g., “God becomes man becomes fish becomes barnacle goose becomes featherbed mountain.” (U 50).
Brewer’s Dictionary of Phrase and Fable suggests additional interpretations. “It smells of the lamp. --- Said of a literary composition that bears manifest signs of midnight study; one that is over-labored. In Latin, olet lucernam.” Joyce may be making fun of his own work, as smelling “fishy” or smelling of the lamp-lamb-ewe (“That’s U.”). The verb, to “lamb” is for a ewe to give birth.
“Tis jest jibberweek’s joke.” (FW 565.14). If Joyce is making fun of his own work, he is “crying stinking fish.” Brewer’s: “To cry stinking fish. --- To belittle one’s own endeavours, offerings, etc. ‘To cry’ here is to offer for sale by shouting one’s wares in the street.”
Brewer’s: “Eye-wash. --- In colloquial usage means bunkum, humbug; something to blind one to the real state of affairs.” (watered-down or ineffective liquor).
The footnote 3 annotates the name “Selvertunes O’Haggans,” (299.23) which is a reference to “silvertongued O’Hagan” (Ulysses 7.707, p. 138), or Thomas O’Hagan, Lord Chancellor of Ireland (McHugh). Three lines previously in Ulysses appears “the hook and eye department” --- which suggests fishing. Joyce must have associated “silvertongued O’Hagan” (silver, G (from Ag), O, and H) with silver nitrate (AgNO3) and GHOTI. “Eye” is pronounced the same as “Ei” (egg in German), with “owe” hinting “roe” (fish eggs). Big eggs of salmon roe resemble eye-balls. “That’s U.” --- The plural “yeux” (eyes in French) is pronounced “U” (yü), the vowel of which is the sound of “oeufs” (eggs in French).
“Selvertunes” encodes “Selber Töne” (“self tones” in German), the self-descriptive spelling advocated by Shaw.
“Selvertunes” encodes “Selber tue” which is a part of the German expression, “Tu, was ich dir sage, und nicht, was ich selber tue!” (Do what I say, not what I do.) --- Joyce’s way of poking fun at Thomas O’Hagan, whose reputation in Ireland was mixed because he seemed to benefit from what was regarded as a pro-English stance. (Ulysses Annotated).
Martha Fodaski Black provides more background. G. B. Shaw in his correspondence with Ezra Pound over Ulysses had criticized Joyce’s preoccupation with sex and art for their own sake. In Shaw’s Back to Methuselah (1921) Strephon (inspired by Stephen of Portrait) tells the Ancient, “You old fish! I believe you don’t know the difference between a man and woman”. This may have inspired Dolph (Shem) to show Kev (Shaun), “a Shaw clone, what is under ALP’s skirts” (Black, 281) or “the maidsapron of our A.L.P.” (297.11).
The footnote 3 annotates this sentence: “We like Simperspreach Hammel- tones to fellow Selvertunes O’Haggans.” (299.22-). McHugh notes: “William Gerard ‘Single Speech’ Hamilton: Irish M.P.; made brilliant maiden speech; said never to have spoken again. German Hammel: sheep, wether. Rowan Hamilton: mathematician.” The sentence means that we prefer the ‘single speech’ Hamilton to silver-tongued O’Hagan. Or that we want the simple-speech (simpel-Sprach) sheep sounds to follow “Selber tue” or “Selber Töne” (described earlier).
The page 299 is in FW, Book II, Chapter 2, which Joyce referred to in his letters as “Night Lessons.” The footnote 3 relates and illuminates the rest of Book II, Chapter 2, “perhaps the most difficult in the book.” (Campbell and Robinson) as follows.
This chapter describes the study period of the children: Dolph (Shem), Kev (Shaun), and their sister (Issy). In a July 1939 letter to Frank Budgen, Joyce explained the format of the chapter: “[T]he technique here is a reproduction of a schoolboy’s (and schoolgirl’s) old classbook complete with marginalia by the twins, who change sides at half time, and footnotes by the girl (who doesn’t), a Euclid diagram, funny drawings, etc.” (Letters I. 405-6)
While lessons on liberal arts subjects (Grammar, Logic, Rhetoric, Arithmetic, Music, Geometry, Astronomy, …) go on in the body text, various, often-joking comments are inserted in the right and left margins and in the footnotes.
Much of Page 298 is about mathematics, enclosed between “Quef!” (298.5) (Q.E.F. appears after problems in Euclid) and “Qued?” (299.3) or Q.E.D. Thereafter begins a section on political history on Page 299. Oliver Cromwell, “Selvertunes O’Haggans,” (299.23) or Thomas O’Hagan, Lord Chancellor of Ireland, etc.
Of the many sexual references, the most visually striking is the “Euclid diagram” on Page 293. “Dolph uses a geometrical configuration of triangles and circles (FW 293) to elucidate for Kev the geometry of their mother’s (ALP’s) vagina.” (Fargnoli, 132). Dolph uses this “Euclid diagram” figure to instruct Kev on ALP’s womb: “I’ll make you to see figuratleavely the whome of your eternal geomater.” (296.31--). On Page 299, Kev (Shaun) finally understands the sexual meaning of Dolph’s (Shem’s) sex-education. Then on next page, the boys start fighting: “SICK US A SOCK […] FOR THE SAKE OF OUR DARNING WIVES.” (“Sing us a Song of Zion” from Psalm 137 is not in fweet.org.) The two boys boxing for the sake of their wives is reminiscent of Box and Cox’s fist-fight over their intended wife (see Tanaka).
The footnote 3 appears is in the context of this extra-curricular sex education: “Salmonson” (297.03), Finn eating the salmon of wisdom, salmon that swims upstream, and the boys eyeing and “gaping up the” (299.13) Euclid figure. The footnote 3 is triggered by “silver” of silvertongued O’Hagan --- and silver fish, silver tune, silver lightening, quicksilver, Himmel tones (thunder).
The line “it will be a lozenge to me all my lauffe.” (299.28-9) is annotated by the footnote 4: “4 The Doodles family, E, D, I, X, O, V, C. Hoodle doodle, fam.?”
On Page 299, Kev (Shaun) finally understands the sexual meaning of Dolph’s (Shem’s) sex-education, and the grateful Kev (Shaw-Shaun) exclaims, “it will be a lozenge to me all my lauffe.” (299.28-9). The basic meaning of the line is the grateful Kev (Shaw-Shaun) exclaiming, “it will be a lesson to me all my life.” McHugh’s annotation provides: “German laufen: to run / laugh / Liffey river.”
Lozenge is (3rd definition) “3: a small usually sweetened and flavored medicated material that is designed to be held in the mouth for slow dissolution; especially : one that contains a demulcent [sore throat lozenges] --- called also pastille, troche” (merriam-webster.com). And the name “lozenge” was used in this sense in the 19th century. A cough drop would help Kev in all his laugh.
(Gordon notes in Notes on Issy (p. 7) that Joyce associated Issy with a trochee (stressed-unstressed metrical foot). Issy (silver fish) in the footnote 3 may have prompted lozenge for the next footnote, because a troche is a small medicated lozenge.)
The German verb lotsen is to pilot, or to guide a ship. The noun der Lotse (plural Lotsen) means pilot. The German verb laufen means to go by car, ship, airplane, etc. So Kev is saying, “it will be a guiding pilot to me [in] all my ship-travel” on the Liffey river.
Lozenge is also a rhombus: (1st definition) “1: a figure with four equal sides and two acute and two obtuse angles : diamond” (merriam-webster.com). The diamond shape likely reminded Joyce of the sigla, and of the central diamond in the Euclid diagram on Page 293, which is inside the intersection of the two circles or the vesica piscis (bladder of fish). (About vesica piscis, see McHugh “Sigla” 68.)
These associations, together with BER-BER and the silver fish of the footnote 3, likely prompted Joyce and Issy the Jesus fish of footnote 4: “4 The Doodles family, E, D, I, X, O, V, C. Hoodle doodle, fam.?”
McHugh provides for “Doodles”: “Dutch dood: death; dead, and Dedalus.” Sigla are doodle signs.
The etymology of doodle is interesting: [doodle (v.) “scrawl aimlessly,” 1937, from dial. doodle, dudle “fritter away time, trifle.” It was a noun meaning “simple fellow” from 1628. Doodle-bug “type of beetle or larvae” is c.1866, Southern U.S. dialect;] (etymonline.com)
[One popular derivation of the word “doodle” is from the Scotch word double, used in the same sense as the German dudeln, the slang word for playing music. […] The Germans also use the word Dudel-Sack for bagpipe, and as the latter is also known in the English language as doodle-sack, … .] (Report on “The Star-Spangled Banner,” “Hail Columbia,” “America,” “Yankee Doodle” by Oscar George Theodore Sonneck, 1909)
“Hoodle doodle, fam.?” suggests many possibilities, none of them singularly definitive.
--- H and D (HCE and [D]) family. Humpty-Dumpty family.
--- “Huddle-duddle, an old decrepit person.” (A Supplementary English Glossary (p.326) by Thomas Lewis Owen Davies, James Orchard Halliwell-Phillipps, 1881).
--- The nursery rhyme, “Hey diddle diddle.”
--- Fish, noodle, and fan (飯, “cooked rice” in Chinese).
--- German noun Hudel means junk, the result of hudeln action. The verb hudeln means to bungle, tease, vex, torment, huddle, shuffle, hurry, spoil a work, “do it helter skelter.”
--- “Hoodle doodle, fam” backwards is “fam, doodle, hoodle” --- similar to “Tom, Dick, and Harry” often alluded to in FW.
--- Charles Dickens, Bleak House, Chapter XII: “Then there is my Lord Boodle, […] between Lord Coodle and Sir Thomas Doodle --- supposing it to be impossible for the Duke of Foodle to act with Goodle, which may be assumed to be the case in consequence of the breach arising out of that affair with Hoodle. […] to Joodle, the Exchequer to Koodle, the Colonies to Loodle, and the Foreign Office to Moodle, what are you to do with Noodle? You can't offer him the Presidency of the Council; that is reserved for Poodle. You can't put him in the Woods and Forests; that is hardly good enough for Quoodle.”
--- “Hoodle doodle, fam.?” contains “fam.” which is similar to the designation “oira (fam” for a familiar, Japanese first person in Joyce’s notebook: “VI.B.12.014(e): I. { watakushi / […] ore (children) / boku (soldiers / temaye (beggars) / watashi ([friends]) / watai (W) / washi / wattchi (rustic) / sessha (officer) / jibun (self / oira (fam / Tekurada”. (Mikio Fuse). Perhaps Joyce is imagining “Hoodle doodle” to be a familiar form of Humpty-Dumpty.
Speaking of Joyce’s studying Japanese, “Kono sakana wa takai ka? (this fish dear?) Is this fish dear?” (Aston 149) may have contributed to “It’s Phoenix, dear.” (621.01). Aston mentions iro-iro (Jp, “sundry”) several times. “Iro’s Irismans” (612.20) may refer to iro-iro suman (Jp, “I am sorry for various things.”). (None of this is in fweet.org).
In the footnote 4, we see a family gathering under one roof, represented by five sigla for the family members, and two extra sigla.
The phrase “That’s U.” placed directly over the sigla suggests Joyce’s awareness of the Japanese name “U-kanmuri” (U-hat) for the Chinese “roof” radical. As noted by McHugh, Joyce was aware that the “house” is “pig” under the “roof” radical: “pig’s cheeks under the sacred rooftree” “House.” (025.12-15)
Anonymous and undated notes in fweet.org provide:
[E] (HCE). (*E* siglum may derive from E of Everyman or Earwicker)
[D] (ALP). (*A* siglum may derive from delta or pudendum)
[I] (Issy). (*I* siglum may derive from fallen T of Tristan)
[X] (the four old men, the four Evangelists, “mamalujo” (Mathew, Mark, Luke, John))
[O] (the book FW and its title)
[V] (Shaun). (*V* siglum may derive from A of Abel or from partial *A*)
[C] (Shem). (*C* siglum may derive from C of Cain or from partial *E*)
The seven Sigla resemble the Berber script, and “the berberutters” (241.26) suggests “Berber utters, Berber rutters.” (Paré). (A “rutter” is a horseman or trooper.) Of the over 200 scripts displayed in The Languages of the World (Kenneth Katzner, Routledge, 1986) as well as in even more comprehensive Sign, Symbol, and Script (Jensen), the best matches for the seven sigla are found in the Berber script and the mirror-katakana (see below).
Numidian and Berber scripts are shown in a combined figure in Jensen (Fig. 118 on Page 155). In this figure is found each of the seven sigla of the footnote 4 except for [D] (ALP) and [I] (Issy). [E] (HCE) appears in rotated in all four directions. The Delta of [D] (ALP) does not appear in the exact form, but various triangles appear, and the three vertical and horizontal lines (discussed below) are included. The rotated T of [I] (Issy) appears in all directions except for the one in the footnote 4. Pronunciations of the Numidian and Berber scripts do not offer any elucidations.
Additional support for the Berber theory is that BER-BER (in SilBER and SelBER) connected with “Selvertunes” (299.23) and the footnote 3 may have prompted Joyce the list of sigla in the next footnote. Moreover, Berber is mentioned twice explicitly (106, 241), and hinted once (310). “Awake Aweek, Airy Ann and Berber Blut” (106.31). “The kurds of Copt on the berberutters and their bedaweens!” (241.25-26). “Selverbergen” (310.04) (Silber Berg)
The most anomalous thing about the list of sigla in footnote 4 is that the boys are out of order, placed at the end. This can be explained by noting that the last five sigla (I, X, O, V, C) match the Greek letters for the Jesus fish (Ι Χ Θ Υ Σ) (ichthys). This correspondence also matches the Lucia silver fish in the footnote 3 with the Greek Jesus fish in the footnote 4.
ΙΧΘΥΣ (lowercase: ἰχθύς) (ichthys, ichthus, etc.) is the ancient and classical Greek word for fish. The Jesus fish is said to derive from as an acronym (backronym) of “Jesous Christos Theou Uios Soter” (“Jesus Christ, Son of God, Saviour” in Greek) --- Jesous Christos Theou Uios Soter spells Ι Χ Θ Υ Σ (ichthys). Note the correspondence with “Gee each owe tea eye smells fish.” (G H O T I spells fish). In the five words spelling “fish”, the first three words of the Greek (Jesous Christos Theou) even sound somewhat like G, H, and O.
When the word is broken up as “ichthys = ich + thy’s”, it illuminates “ichs on the freed brings euchs to” (299.2). The German gospels are full of “(wahrlich) ich sage euch.”
There seems to be no single origin for Joyce’s sigla. The signs evolved and changed over time, and, like everything else in FW, they are designed to allude to many things at once. The correspondence with the Greek “Ι Χ Θ Υ Σ” (ichthys) and the following possible origins of the seven sigla signs of the footnote 4 shed light on how they were derived and what they represent.
[E] (HCE). fweet.org: “006.32 (four directions of *E*) [036.17] [051.19] [119.17] (similar to Snellen’s optometric table where rows of rotated E’s of decreasing sizes are used for eye tests)”. (See also McHugh “Sigla” 136.)
The Old Phoenician sign with the phonetic value [h] resembles mirror-image E, and it corresponds to the Archaic (Thera, Melos; rightwd. forms) sign with the phonetic value [e] which resembles E. This became the Classical alphabet E and modern Greek uppercase E (eta) in Fig. 443 (Jensen 452). Here, we have conflation of the phonetic values [h] and [e] and the sign “E”, which may have contributed to the name HCE.
The Cretan sign with the phonetic value [h] resembles E, and the Old Semitic sign with the phonetic value [h] resembles mirror-image E in Fig. 226 (Jensen 272).
In Fig. 222 (Jensen 266), these characters (corresponding to the Old Phoenician E) originated as the “man” (“shout of jubilation” in Hieroglyphic) and became the Hebrew (Square script) sign “He” (Name of letter). In the Hieroglyphic column of this table, this sign “man” (“shout of jubilation”) is the only item showing a person (other than the sign for “head”). Thus, Joyce probably saw a table like this, and to him, this row of characters (corresponding to the Old Phoenician E) represented the archetypal “man” (human).
The Syriac (Zebed inscription (512) and Syro-Palestinian) characters with the phonetic value [h] in Fig. 280 (Jensen 316) are like E with the three prongs pointing downward (resembling “M” as in the footnote 4).
The Xp (Chi-Rho) page of the Lindisfarne Gospels contains an “AUTEM” monogram, in which E is combined with M rotated clockwise 90 degrees. http://www.udel.edu/ArtHistory/nees/209/images/10-17.jpg
This leaves only one orientation for the sign E with the three prongs pointing upward, as in 006.32. According to Joyce (Letters I, 254), “This sign in this form means HCE interred in the landscape.” (McHugh “Sigla” 65). This resembles “山”, the Chinese character for mountain (not in fweet.org). Joyce wrote in a letter to Miss Weaver in 1927: “A Chinese student sent me some letterwords I had asked for. The last one is山 and it means mountain” (Letters I. 250) (via Burkdall 50, Atherton 227).
[D] (ALP). ALP is associated with the Delta triangle and the number 3. ALP’s children are numbered as (in Roman numerals) III and (in Arabic) 111 --- which number may give ALP her name, since as Fritz Senn (A Wake Newslitter, III/2, April 1966, p. 47) points out, Joyce knew that three parallel vertical strokes mean ‘plurality’ (as in ‘Plurability’) in Egyptian hieroglyphics (Gordon 23). A sample text in Egyptian hieroglyphics is “followed by three vertical lines to convey the idea of plurality.” (John DeFrancis, The Chinese Language: Fact and Fantasy, University of Hawaii Press, 1984, p. 162).
Three vertical strokes make “川”, the Chinese/Japanese character for river. Three horizontal lines make “三”, the Chinese/Japanese character for three, whose Japanese reading is “san” --- a reading for the character mountain “山” (not in fweet.org). An “alp” is a mountain. [alp (noun) (Etymology: back-formation from Alps, mountain system of Europe) (Date: 15th century) --- a high rugged mountain] (merriam-webster.com).
[I] (Issy). Joyce may have added the horizontal prong to distinguish it from 1, I, l, etc. One Cursive Punic character with the Iberian phonetic value [i] in Fig. 248 (Jensen 291) has a horizontal prong resembling the [I] siglum in the footnote 4. The Cherokee sign with the phonetic value [i] in Fig. 201 (Jensen 242) has is “T”. The Japanese “以” [i] (from which hiragana “い” [i] was derived) contains two Issy sigla, as does the Japanese katakana “イ” [i]. (More on these characters below.)
Alchemists including Newton used a symbol for mercury called “two serpents”. The symbol represents two mirror-symmetric snakes coiled around a staff (James Gleick, Isaac Newton, 2004, p. 101, 219 n.10), which may have inspired the sigla for [I] and mirror [I]. (See http://z.about.com/d/chemistry/1/G/F/1/mercury.gif or http://chemistry.about.com/od/alchemicalsymbols/a/alchemyhg.htm .)
[X] (mamalujo). The [X] siglum (with its four prongs) represent the four old men, the four Evangelists, “mamalujo” --- Mathew, Mark, Luke, John. In the various figures in Jensen, the signs resembling X have the phonetic value [t] and became the modern letters T and t.
[O] (the book FW and its title) The square (rectangular) siglum may represent the shape of the book, but it primarily represents the house. In Fig. 222 (Jensen 266) reproducing Grimme’s work, many of the signs for “house” (pictorial value) resemble the square siglum. This is true in several scripts from Sinai 345 to Sinai 357. These signs became the Hebrew (column, “Square script”) sign “Beth I” (Name of letter), corresponding to the Hebrew word bet (house) and the second letter in the Hebrew alphabet.
This makes sense because FW is a story of the HCE and ALP household and what happens in that house. In Joyce’s notebooks the siglum is identified as “their house”, “Old House”, “workhouse”, “poorhouse”, etc. (McHugh “Sigla” 114, 133).
Joyce studied the square “mouth” character (口) in his notebook (Mikio Fuse). Cf. “mouthspeech” (484.02). The square “enclosure” radical signifies a building or house. 囚: Enclosed person means imprison or prisoner (qiu in Chinese, torawaru in Jp.). 困: Enclosed tree means hard pressed or troubled (kun in Chinese, komaru in Jp.).
The FW mandala siglum (a cross within a circle, denoted as $XO by Henkes & Bindervoet) appears in several of the tables mentioned in this section. McHugh (“Sigla” 121) considers the square and mandala sigla to each represent the physical and abstract-spiritual aspects of FW. In the Old Phoenician table, Fig. 443 (Jensen 452), these mandala signs correspond to the Greek Theta. The same exact sign is in the Cretan and Old Semitic scripts in Fig. 226 (Jensen 272). Note that this siglum (as Theta) matches its position (the position of the square siglum in the footnote 4) in the Greek “Ι Χ Θ Υ Σ” (ichthys).
There are more correspondences between the sigla “I, X, O, V, C” and the Greek “Ι Χ Θ Υ Σ” (ichthys), “Jesous Christos Theou Uios Soter” (“Jesus Christ, Son of God, Saviour” in Greek).
[I] “Issy” resembles Latin Iesu for Jesus.
[X] The four Evangelists are linked to Christ.
[O] The FW mandala siglum correspond in meaning to “Theou” or god.
[V] Shaun is the primary son, the better of the twins.
[C] The sound and shape of the siglum [C] (Shem) fit the last Sigma.
I’ve already noted that Joyce’s association of the silver fish (Lucia) and the Jesus fish in the footnotes 3 and 4, and will now explore the possible identification of Issy (Lucia) and Jesus.
Here are entries in a possible FW schema for [I] Issy.
Body part: feet, (mouth), eyes.
(The FW schema by Henkes & Bindervoet indicates, “Body part: the body”.) Issy is closely related to the feet (dancing, footnote), and possibly the mouth (lisping). As noted earlier, Gordon (80) points out Issy’s (and Lucia’s) connection to the eyes. St. Lucia is the patron saint of light, vision, and the blind. Issy is associated with double ‘i’s: Iris, Isis, … . Gordon (81) also notes the biographical coincidences to support the associations: e.g., Lucia was born in 1907, when Joyce was in hospital with the “rheumatic fever” initiating his lifelong history of eye afflictions. Joyce probably thought of Lucia as his guarding savior of his eyes.
Color: silver, green, rainbow.
(Henkes & Bindervoet indicate, Color: “quicksilver, heliotrope” --- the latter is white or reddish purple.) Lucia is the silver fish, and the silver may also come from mercury (as medicine, and as “mercurial temper”). Gordon (31) notes that Joyce wrote in a letter that Germans call glaucoma (which Joyce and Bloom had) “green blindness”. (glaucous (adj.) Of a pale grayish or bluish green.) Gordon (80) also notes that an early symptom of glaucoma is seeing rainbow colors around lamps and other light sources --- hence the rainbow colors in FW.
Issy has a mirror-image reflection through the silver mirror, and refracts into the rainbow girls. (See McHugh “Sigla” Chapter 4.) The siglum of the rainbow girls is an oval, shaped like an eye. (“The leap year girls” denoted as $I.29 by Henkes & Bindervoet)
Animal: fish, cat (kitten).
(Henkes & Bindervoet indicate, “Animal: puss”.) There’s a cat (?) with green eyes in “Proteus”: “Green eyes, I see you.” (U 43). Malone identifies the green-eyed cat in “Calypso” as Athena glaukopis, the radiant goddess of wisdom who sets the narrative of the Odyssey in motion. (Stephen Malone, “CATSNIPPETS” Abiko Annual with James Joyce Finnegans Wake Studies, Vol. 20, Summer 2000.) Perhaps Joyce had the pun “Glauco-puss” in mind.
“oystrygods gaggin fishy- gods!” (004.01). Ostrogoths were beaten by Visigoths in the year 451. These are (shell) fish version of Ostragothi against (German gegen) Visigothi in Latin. (Godfrey Tanner “Classical language references in FW: a philological commentary with versions”, A Wake Newslitter, III/2, Apr. 1966, p. 37-9). McHugh: “the fishgods of Dundrum” (U 13) http://www.finnegansweb.com/wiki/index.php/Fishygods Vision-fish link is reinforced by the folk wisdom that eating fish and fish (cod liver) oil helps eyesight. “Visi-god” would be another name for St. Lucia.
The “gaggin” also suggests gagging and gaggle (fweet.org), and partially explains why the name O’Hagan was changed into “O’Haggans,” (299.23). “Hammel- tones to fellow Selvertunes” (299.22-) suggests thunderclaps to follow silver bolt of lightning, as in “himmeltones or the quicksilversong” (138.01-) (German Himmel means “heaven”).
Issy’s duplication in the mirror-image inversion can be best explained by the name given to Lucia at birth. Joyce had decided on the name Lucia at least two years before her birth (July 26, 1907), which fell on St. Anne’s day, so Joyce named her “Lucia Anna” (JJ 262). But the names were registered as “Anna Lucia”, an inversion that persisted for many years (Maddox 82), which also explains Issy (“Anna Lucia”) merging with Anna Livia.
Joyce’s great-grandmother was named Ann McAnn --- Ann daughter of Ann (Kenner 284). The equation of mother and daughter likely prompted Joyce to think of “Ann” as a name for female Jesus. Anne was the name of Nora’s mother (JJ 262), and “Anna Lucia” was born on St. Anne’s day, solidifying in Joyce the notion of Anna as the recurring, archetypal female. (Joyce’s associations of Jesus-Ann and Jesus-Doyle (Tanaka) explain the name “Ann Doyle” (575.06).)
At the end of FW, ALP seems to merge with Issy. The last page begins, “sad and weary I go back to you, my cold father, my cold mad father, my cold mad feary father” (628.01-), which seems more like Issy speaking than her mother, ALP. Anna Livia has merged with (Issy) Lucia Anna. ALP, with the surname Plurabelle, represented the rainbow girls from the beginning. At the end of FW, three stages of womanhood --- young girl, mother, and old woman --- all merge.
The doctrine of Trinity states the unity of the Father, the Son (incarnate as Jesus Christ), and the Holy Spirit. ALP (the Mother) merges with Issy (the Daughter), who as Lucia is silver fish, ichthys, and is also St. Lucia (visi-god, fishygod), Greek Iris, and Egyptian Isis. Lucia Anna shares the surname “Joyce” with her father, who took note of its similarity with “Jesus” especially as JJ (Joking Jesus).
以 [i] became the hiragana い [i]. --- Note also, katakana イ [i].
As noted earlier, the Japanese (Chinese) character “以” [i] (from which the phonetic hiragana “い” [i] was derived) contains two components resembling the Issy siglum, as does the Japanese phonetic katakana “イ” [i]. Two Issy sigla (left and right) each of which is [i] (with the central rainbow dot --- iris or pupil) making up the character “以” [i], which became the hiragana “い” [i] --- all of this is reminiscent of the Christian trinity. See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiragana and http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katakana and related entries.
The Issy’s [I] siglum with its mirror siglum together make a cross (of Jesus), as well as “H” of the father (HCE).
[i] is the first character in iroha-uta (i-ro-ha song, 以呂波歌), the Japanese syllabic (alphabetic) ordering at Joyce’s time. The iroha-uta, the classic Japanese pangram from the Heian era (794–1179), is a perfect poem, both in form and content. The four 7-5 syllable lines contain each character of the Japanese syllabary exactly once, and express lamentation on the transitory and ephemeral nature of the visible world, a typical theme for poems from the period. The iroha-ordering was gradually replaced by the modern aiueo ordering in the 20th century. See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iroha
コ ヘ ロ メ ト -- マム ヨ
Japanese katakana: コ(ko) ヘ(he) ロ(ro) メ(me) ト(to) -- マ(ma)ム(mu) ヨ(yo)
The first letters of the iroha-uta (イロハニホヘト) include characters resembling the sigla, especially in mirror-image, as in opening sequence of the film The Matrix. In the above list, the two letters (マ(ma), ム(mu)) corresponding to ALP’s Delta siglum sound like “mom”.
The first and last lines of the poem must have especially appealed to Joyce; they contain iro (color) and yume (dream) used in FW: “Iro’s Irismans ruinboon” (612.20), “Yoruyume” (night-dream) (231.10).
“iro ha nihoheto, chirinuru wo / wakayo tareso, tsune naramu /
uwi no okuyama kefu koete / asaki yume mishi, wehi mo sesu”
(Colors [of flowers] smell, but wither away.
My world and everyone is ever-changing.
Today [I have] travelled over the deep mountain of transitory existence.
[I] saw a shallow dream, which did not intoxicate [me].)
This seems like a good thematic summary of the entire FW. The second line (“My world is ever-changing.”) may have influenced Joyce’s interest in the Japanese first person indicated in “Washywatchywataywatashy! Oirasesheorebukujibun! Wata- cooshy” (484.26-), and the third line about the mountain may have inspired the picnic in the closing pages: “Scale the summit!” (624.11)
Even if Lucia didn’t have syphilis (Shloss 276), Joyce always feared that he gave it to her (Ferris 125-6). Joyce believed that Lucia’s problems were somehow inherited from him. In 1934 he wrote, “Whatever spark or gift I possess has been transmitted to Lucia and it has kindled a fire in her brain.” (Shloss 7). For Joyce, Lucia became a metaphorical martyr who suffers for the sin of her father, or for the sin of others. “For all their faults. I am passing out. O bitter ending!” (628.34-), which echoes Jesus’s “why hast thou forsaken me?” (Matthew 27:46).
I believe that FW contains a running parallel between Issy (Lucia) and the life of Jesus.
What the father (HCE, JJ) did to cause the birth of Issy, or “ruinboon” (612.20) (rainbow, reign-born, ruin-boon, felix culpa (reign-born and felix culpa are not in fweet.org)), he would do again and “may again when the fiery bird disembers” --- which, according to Gordon (87-8), indicates May in December (fiery summer in winter), as well as an explicit connection of Issy’s creation and the figure of Christ-as-phoenix. Association of May and December may be inspired by Joyce’s association of Conan Doyle’s birthday (May 22) and Christmas (Tanaka). Gordon (88) also notes the association of St. Lucia’s Day to Christmas, and for Issy’s association with Christmas carols, cites Mabel P. Worthington in Fritz Senn, ed. New Light on Joyce, Bloomington, 1972, p. 171.
Lucia was born in a pauper’s hospital, and when Nora and the baby was leaving the hospital to go home, the hospital gave Nora twenty crowns in charity (Maddox 83), further identifying Lucia’s birth to that of Jesus.
About “Mattahah! Marahah! Luahah! Joahanahanahana!” (554.10), McHugh notes the four Evangelists (mamalujo) and “Czech hana: shame”. fweet.org adds “Shame! Thrice shame!” (618.10), “Irish lua: a kick. Hannahannas: goddess in Sumerian myth of Telepinus”.
花 ( 華 ) hana (flower in Japanese) --- Twin Issys wearing a crown of thorns
The repeated “hana” in Joahanahanahana!” (554.10) is the Japanese word for flower. (Dominique Paré’s posting to the [fwread@lists.colorado.edu] mailing list, no date). The kanji characters (花,華, also shown above) contain various crosses. The lower part of the Japanese “花” [hana, ka] is “化” [bakeru, ka] which means to change, as in “mercurial” or mercury in alchemy. It (化) consists of two Issy [I] sigla. The upper part, the “plant” radical, is called Jp kusa-kanmuri (plant-crown, or grass-hat). The character (花) shows twin Issys wearing a crown of thorns.
“Joahanahanahana!” (554.10) refers to “Hosanna” (the same posting by Paré, no date). “Hosanna” is the cry of praise or adoration shouted in recognition of the Messiahship of Jesus on his entry into Jerusalem. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hosanna . The three shouts of “Hosanna” has been customary in the Mormon church since its early days (Rudger Clawson, Stan Larson, Prisoner for Polygamy, 1993, p. 135). Stephen says, “Say the following talisman three times with hands folded” (U 242), associating three times with palm. The cry of “Hosanna” is usually associated with Palm Sunday, the Sunday before Easter. Palm Sunday is marked by the distribution of palm leaves, boughs of box, yew, willow or other native trees. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palm_Sunday . Joyce may have associated palm branches and flower with the Japanese hana. (None of this is in fweet.org.)
For the closing pages, these references to the Gospels are noted by McHugh:
“Pax Goodmens will.” (621.35) --- Luke 2:14: ‘Glory to God in the highest, and on earth peace, good will toward men’.
“Ceremonialness to stand lowest place be!” (623.130) --- fweet.org: (Christ's advice to the wedding guest to take the lowest place (Luke 14:10)).
“I'd die down over his feet, humbly dumbly, only to washup.” (628.11) --- Mary Magdalen washed Christ's feet (Luke 7:38).
“under whitespread wings like he'd come from Arkangels” (628.10) --- Matthew 1:20: ‘angel of the Lord’ (Annunciation: the announcement by the angel Gabriel to the Virgin Mary of her conception of Christ).
None of the following is noted in fweet.org.
“Ho hang! Hang ho!” (627.31) may refer to the crowd’s cry of “Crucify him! Crucify him!” (Matthew 27:22, Mark 15:13).
(It may be the bells ringing to tell time: “Heigho! Heigho!” (U 70).
“海航, 航海” (hai hang, hang hai, “Hang High!” --- hang hai means “ship travel” in Chinese.)
Iris of the eye in Japanese is “ 虹彩 ” (literary, “rainbow colors”) and in Chinese is “ 彩虹 ”. The inversion (Anna Lucia, Lucia Anna) must have appealed to Joyce. The Chinese reading is cai hong.)
“My leaves have drifted from me. All. But one clings still. I’ll bear it on me.” (628.6-) may refer to the Roman soldiers’ disrobing and then letting Jesus bear his own clothing: (Matt. 27:28) “And they stripped him, […] (27:31) […] they took the robe off from him, and put his own raiment on him, and led him away to crucify him.”
“Scale the summit!” (624.11) may refer to Jesus ascending the hill of Golgotha.
“Two more. Onetwo moremens more.” (628.05-) (two more men) may refer to the two thieves (or revolutionaries) crucified with Jesus.
“Whish! A gull. Gulls.” (628.13) --- fweet.org: “Obsolete gull: the throat; to swallow, (628.06) French avaler: to swallow”. This may refer to “They gave him vinegar to drink mingled with gall: and when he had tasted thereof, he would not drink.” (Matt. 27:34), where gall is some bitter, distasteful fluid.
“Save me from those therrble prongs!” (628.05). McHugh notes Neptune’s treble trident. The prongs are more closely related to how Jesus on the cross was lanced by a Roman soldier. Considering Joyce believed he caused Lucia’s suffering, the three-pronged fork (devil’s hayfork) belong less to Neptune than to Joyce and HCE --- hence the three-prongs of [E] siglum.
Finally, I note the last three utterances of Jesus on the cross.
--- “I thirst.” (I am thirsty.) (John 19:28) corresponds to “ithmuthisthy!” (623.10). “Isthmus” is a narrow strip of land connecting and bridging two larger masses of land. Here, “ithmuthisthy!” (623.10) connects the last pages to the “isthmus” (3.06) on the first page.
--- “It is finished” (John 19:30) corresponds to “It’s Phoenix” (621.01).
--- “Father, into thy hands I commend my spirit” (Luke 23:46) corresponds to “I go back to you, my cold father” (628.01) and “I rush, my only, into your arms.” (628.04).
The river Liffey, old and weary, nears its end as it reaches the ocean, “the site of salvocean” (623.28). Exactly when it dies, there is recirculation and resurrection. “It’s Phoenix, dear.” (621.01). Thus, FW goes further than T.S. Eliot’s The Waste Land, by showing us a vision of rebirth.
For 30 years, three questions puzzled me about FW. Earlier this year, a solution came to me that gave satisfactory answers to all three questions. This section describes that solution. But first, here are the three questions and the tentative answers I had maintained to them.
The name and initials of HCE puzzled me. I felt that ALP was intuitive: Anna seems like a primordial female name, perhaps combining Adam and Eve. Livia suggests the river Liffey and Labia, and Plurabelle probably signifies plurality (of water, rivers, females, …) and a belle.
But I never understood why Joyce was so fond of “HCE” that he filled the book with “Here Comes Everybody” and “Haveth Childers Everywhere” and countless other variations. Why these three letters and not the other? And what is the significance of the name “Humphrey Chimpden Earwicker”? Guidebooks mentioned the insect “earwig”, but no book or article gave a satisfying answer.
Why did Joyce for 17 years work only on FW? Pound and Stanislaus were not very supportive of Joyce’s “Work in Progress.” Why didn’t Joyce produce a light-hearted piece, comparable to Tolkien’s Hobbit, an introduction that can ease readers into the world of FW? Or something like T.S. Eliot’s Old Possum's Book of Practical Cats, which would have been the “Wakean morsel” I’ve been dreaming about? Both of these types of work would have enhanced Joyce’s popularity and stature. It seems that Joyce was determined to put all his energies into the FW and to nothing else, and also to make sure that FW remains inscrutable.
Introductions and primers for FW were quickly written by others, and Joyce fully expected this, so this would be a partial answer, but I never fully understood why Joyce didn’t produce extended versions of the two poems “Buy a book in brown paper …” and “Humptydump Dublin squeaks through his norse,” that introduced and advertised FW.
The analysis of the footnotes 3 and 4 and the two sentences they annotate in the foregoing sections have been pretty thorough. Are those far-fetched associations that Joyce never even intended? Are those interpretations like the answers to the riddle with no intended answer, “Why is a raven like a writing desk?” Has this been a demonstration of what Umberto Eco calls “hermetic drift” in The Limits of Interpretation (1990) --- the human ability to always find new and additional meanings and associations? Is FW like a Rorschach test in that what we see are largely in our minds, as Postmodern theorists might suggest?
My answers to the above questions are all in the negative. Consider that the line “Knightly knock eternally wood he make Finnegans Wake” evokes only a few interpretations. Joyce intended all these interpretations and probably even more. With the possible exception of the “Oconee-Hakone” connection (and a few others), I feel that the suggestions in the foregoing sections are plausible ones that Joyce might have considered.
If I can understand the rest of the book as well as I understand the small portions analyzed in this paper, then I’d probably have an adequate understanding of the whole book --- which underlines the enormous complexity of FW. From Dubliners to Portrait to Ulysses to FW, we find progressively increasing textual and allusive complexity. It may be partly a natural evolution, but why is FW so complex? Why did Joyce overdo it?
Martin Gardner (354-5) notes: “Joyce’s interest in puzzles was almost invisible in Dubliners, […]. It began to surface in his first novel, A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man, and exploded into monstrous proportions in the wordplay and letter play of Finnegans Wake.”
After the publication of Ulysses in 1922, a young man working on the French translation of Ulysses asked Joyce for the schema summarizing the structure of the novel. Joyce refused, and famously commented, “I’ve put in so many enigmas and puzzles that it will keep the professors busy for centuries arguing over what I meant, and that’s the only way of insuring one’s immortality.” (JJ 521)
The Ulysses schema, kept strictly confidential by those who had access, was finally published with Joyce’s permission in Stuart Gilbert’s James Joyce’s Ulysses (1930). Joyce assisted Gilbert in the writing and publication of the book, giving it a seal of approval, but when asked about it in 1937 by Nabokov, “A terrible mistake,” said Joyce, “an advertisement for the book. I regret it very much.” (JJ 616).
Joyce wanted various readers of Ulysses to have their own interpretations --- some of them strange and wacky --- and he must have regretted that Gilbert’s book tended to confine the interpretations to academic and erudite ones following Homer’s Odyssey, Dante’s Devine Comedy, etc. It must have been such an academic focus that kept the connection to the lowly Box and Cox undiscovered for over 80 years (Tanaka).
Another reason for Joyce’s regret is that by 1937 he must have felt that Ulysses was being decoded much more quickly than he expected. He must have sensed the foreboding signs of the “Joyce industry” springing up. (Fritz Senn, “The Joyce Industrial Evolution, According to one European Amateur” Journal of Modern Literature, Volume 22, Number 2, http://www.iupress.indiana.edu/journals/jml/mod22-2.html )
In the short story The Red-Headed League, Sherlock Holmes takes one look at the visitor and says, “Beyond the obvious facts that he has at some time done manual labour, that he takes snuff, that he is a Freemason, that he has been in China, and that he has done a considerable amount of writing lately, I can deduce nothing else.” The astonished visitor asks, “How, in the name of good-fortune, did you know all that, Mr. Holmes?” But after Holmes explains the steps of his deduction, the visitor laughs: “I thought at first that you had done something clever, but I see that there was nothing in it, after all.” “I begin to think, Watson,” said Holmes, “that I make a mistake in explaining. ‘Omne ignotum pro magnifico’ ”.
It is the inherent nature of puzzles, math problems, and riddles that before they are solved, they seem to contain boundless magic and mystery. But after the answer is known, the charming aura disappears. In order to insure his “immortality” Joyce had to make sure that the riddles in his next book are so difficult and voluminous that they will never be exhausted, and that’s why he overdid it with FW --- this was my tentative answer.
And this was the state of my understanding of the FW, regarding the 3 questions, as of January 2008.
Earlier this year, I finally understood the name HCE (Humphrey Chimpden Earwicker), when I read Kathleen Ferris’s book James Joyce and the Burden of Disease (1995). According to Ferris (121), the earwig that enters the ear of a sleeping person, penetrating the eardrum and destroying the brain is Joyce’s metaphor of the syphilis “bug” that can cause Neurosyphilis and “General paralysis of the insane.” (U 6). Then I realized that the name “Earwicker” could be referring to Odysseus who closed the ears of his oarsmen with wax, and also to how Hamlet’s father was killed by hemlock through his ear.
The initials HCE stand for the Latin words of consecration in the Mass, “Hoc Est Enim Corpus Meum” as explained in Henry Morton Robinson’s 1959 paper entitled “Hardest Crux Ever” (Ferris 145). Contrary to what is commonly believed, Joyce never lost his faith and was church-going all his life, especially during Holy Week (Ferris 11-4). Bloom stretching out in the bathtub, consecrates his body, saying “This is my body.” (U 86), and Ferris (144-7) argues that every time Joyce writes a variation of HCE, he is pronouncing the words of consecration and that FW is Joyce’s act of confession and contrition.
The Ayenbite of Inwyt (literally Prick (or Remorse) of Conscience) is a confessional prose work written in a Kentish dialect of Middle English, translated from the French.
Ulysses contains several explicit references to Agenbite of inwit: “Agenbite of inwit. Conscience. Yet here’s a spot.” (16) where Stephen links dirt and guilt (Ferris 19). “a clean handkerchief. Agenbite of inwit.” (17). (Also 189, 206). “She is drowning. Agenbite. Save her. Agenbite. […] Agenbite of inwit. Inwit’s agenbite.” (243).
FW contains, in addition to “inwiting” (54.35), many references to a bite, sting, prick, of remorse, conscience, etc. and each suggests a reference to Agenbite of inwit in varying degrees: “the buzz in his braintree, the tic of his conscience” (180.22), “Prost bitten! Conshy!” (424.09), “Every third man has a chink in his conscience” (486.11),
I believe that Joyce uses the nonstandard spelling Agenbite of inwit because he associated the lightning pains he experienced (Ferris 63) with silver (French argent) bolt of lightning that he feared from childhood (JJ 25). Lightning represented divine wrath for the sin committed, which Joyce must have feared as much as Stephen of Portrait did, agonizing after hearing Father Arnall’s sermons on death, judgement, and hell. The word “thunderclap” contains “clap” meaning gonorrhea (Ferris 55, 104), which was a common euphemism for syphilis.
Argent (silver) bite suggested to Joyce an insect bite, and Bloom’s metaphorical bee sting suggests infection with venereal disease (Ferris 121). While syphilis was merely one of the themes in Ulysses, its significance is much greater in FW, which Ferris calls an “Insectfable.” In “brontoichthyan” (007.20) we have bronte-ichthys or thunder-fish: silver-bolt of lightening strikes the sinner as a Christian punishment. As for insects, a lightning bug is a firefly, and a silverfish is a kind of bookworm, as well as “any of various silvery fishes (as a tarpon or silverside)” (merriam-webster.com).
In 1904, Joyce was likely treated for syphilis with mercury (Ferris 28-32, 74), and Ulysses contains several references to it. “Poisons the only cures. Remedy where you least expect it. Clever of nature.” (U 84). “A sinister figure […], a visage unknown, injected with dark mercury.” (U 436). “(A dark mercurialised face appears, leading a veiled figure.) THE DARK MERCURY:” (U 456). “Mercurial, Veneral” (U 700).
Earlier I pointed out the commonality in the talismans of Odysseus, Jefferson Hope (the avenger of the first Sherlock Holmes tale), and Bloom (Tanaka). Bloom’s potato talisman corresponds to the moly given by Hermes, a gift of Mercury. Mercury is poisonous and Gift in German (and other languages) means “poison” --- which is used several times in FW.
Mercury is also called quicksilver. The ghost of Hamlet’s father tells how he was killed: “Ghost: […] And in the porches of my ears did pour / The leperous distilment; whose effect / Holds such an enmity with blood of man / That swift as quicksilver it courses through / The natural gates and alleys of the body,” (Hamlet, I, v). “And in the porches of their ears I pour.” (U 196).
To sum up the foregoing, the silver fish (Lucia) and Jesus fish filling the pages of FW would have been intimately associated in Joyce’s mind with silver Agenbite of inwit, prick and remorse of conscience, silver-bolt and thunder-clap (via Vico, a prominent FW theme), Himmel-tones and the Hamiltons, lightning and lancinating pains, gift of Hermes, poison of Mercury, insect bite, and the earwig.
FW superimposes many stories of world history and literature, telling them all at the same time. On the personal level, the main theme of FW is Joyce’s shame, guilt, and suffering from his disease, as well as Lucia’s madness that Joyce feared he caused.
For his next novel after Ulysses, he did not want to write a novel of similar complexity that deals with these personal themes. For one thing, he wanted to outdo himself and break new ground. Another reason is that he could not reveal his situation in such an obvious manner; it would have brought too much shame on himself and his family.
He was in a double bind: he wanted to achieve confession and contrition, but he could not do it in a way that anyone would find out his true intentions --- at least for several decades. And Joyce found in FW a perfect vehicle to achieve all of these personal and artistic goals. I find in the convoluted prose of FW the tormented, paradoxical confessions of Hamlet.
In G. K. Chesterton’s short story “The Sign of the Broken Sword” (The Innocence of Father Brown, 1911) appear the following famous observations:
“[…] the wise man hides a pebble on the beach.”
“[…] a leaf? In the forest.”
“If there were no forest, he would make a forest.”
“And if a man had to hide a dead body, he would make a field of dead bodies to hide it in.”
The social stigma that syphilis carried was so obvious that Susan Sontag did not even bother explaining it in Illness as Metaphor (1977). FW is Joyce’s autobiographical confession, which he deliberately made obscure and impenetrable (Ferris 35-7). In order to avoid the immediate negative reactions, Joyce made his confession less noticeable by creating a field of puzzles to hide it in. Joyce hid his confession in plain sight, in the time-release capsule of FW.
This explanation also answers the second and third questions. Joyce’s suffering was so great that nothing else seemed important enough to write about. He did not want to write a children’s book like Wilde and Eliot did; rather, he chose to incorporate children’s lore material into the FW. For artistic and personal reasons, he made the time-release capsule of FW extremely complex and primer-less.
And Joyce seemed to have designed the time-capsule just right. The appearance of Kathleen Ferris’s book in 1995 comes to us at a time when Joyce has been firmly established as the most innovative writer of the 20th century, or perhaps of all time. The advances in science and medicine have largely eliminated the old, superstitious stigmas about the disease. The factors such as the early troubles of Ulysses with obscenity laws that made Ellmann over-cautious in his authoritative biography are all things of the past. In other words, Ferris’s ultimate FW answer book comes to us just when we are finally ready to accept Joyce’s complexity. Joyce was great not because he was a sanitized saint, but because he wrote to embrace life in all its complexities. Although the academic community has been slow to accept Ferris’s revelation, I believe that the true appreciation of FW can begin only when we embrace Joyce’s confession. That is our role as readers in closing the circle of Finnegans Wake.
(A work that is cited only once is usually cited parenthetically within text.)
Ackerman, Diane. A Natural History of the Senses (Vintage, 1990).
Aston, William George, A Grammar of the Japanese Spoken Language, (Fourth Edition. Yokohama: For Sale By Lane, Crawford & Co., Publishers. Kelly & Walsh, Limited. Tokio: The Hakubunsha. London: Trubner & Co.), 1888.
Atherton, James S. The Books at the Wake: A Study of Literary Allusions in James Joyce’s Finnegans Wake (London: Faber and Faber, 1959).
Black, Martha Fodaski, Shaw and Joyce: “The Last Word in Stolentelling” University Press of Florida, 1995.
Brewer’s Dictionary of Phrase and Fable (New York: Harper & Row, 1981).
Burkdall, Thomas, Joycean Frames: Film and the Fiction of James Joyce. Routledge, 2001
Campbell, Joseph, and Henry Morton Robinson. A Skeleton Key to Finnegans Wake (New York: The Viking Press, 1961).
Ellmann, Richard. James Joyce. (New York: Oxford Univ. Press, 1982). (JJ [page number]).
Ellmann, Richard, ed. Letters of James Joyce. Vols. I, II, and III, (New York: Viking Press).
Fargnoli, A. Nicholas, and Michael Patrick Gillespie. James Joyce A to Z: The Essential Reference to the Life and Work (New York: Oxford Univ. Press, 1996).
Ferris, Kathleen. James Joyce and the Burden of Disease (University Press of Kentucky, 1995).
Fuse, Mikio. “Japanese in VI.B.12: Some Supplementary Notes”, Genetic Joyce Studies, Issue 7 (Spring 2007) http://www.antwerpjamesjoycecenter.com/GJS/GJS7/GJS7mikio.html
Gardner, Martin. “Puzzles in Ulysses” in The Night Is Large (New York: St. Martins Press, 1997).
Gordon, John. Notes on Issy. (Colchester, Essex: A Wake Newslitter Press, 1982).
Gordon, John. Finnegans Wake: a plot summary. (New York: Syracuse Univ. Press, 1986).
Robbert-Jan Henkes & Erik Bindervoet “Oversystematizing the Wake: The Quiz Chapter as the Key to a Potential Schema for Finnegans Wake” Genetic Joyce Studies, Issue 4 (Spring 2004) http://www.antwerpjamesjoycecenter.com/GJS/GJS4/GJS4%20RJE%20Quiz.htm
Jensen, Hans, Sign, Symbol, and Script, (New York: G.P. Putman’s Sons, 1969).
Joyce, James. Ulysses. (New York: Random House, 1961).
Joyce, James. Finnegans Wake. (New York: Viking Press, 1939; London: Faber and Faber, 1939).
Kenner, Hugh. Dublin’s Joyce (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1956).
Maddox, Brenda, Nora: The Real Life of Molly Bloom, 1988.
McCarthy, Patrick A. “The Last Epistle of Finnegans Wake”, JJQ, Summer 1990.
McHugh, Roland. The Sigla of Finnegans Wake (Austin: University of Texas Press, 1976).
McHugh, Roland. Annotations to Finnegans Wake (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1991). (Cf. www.fweet.org )
Paré, Dominique. Posting to the [fwake-l@listserv.heanet.ie] mailing list, June 24, 2002.
Potts, Willard, ed. Portraits of the Artist in Exile: Recollections of James Joyce by Europeans. University of Washington Press, 1979.
Shloss, Carol Loeb. Lucia Joyce: To Dance in the Wake, 2003.
Tanaka, Tomoyuki. “Box and Cox, the Homeric Sherlock Holmes, and Joyce’s Ulysses” Hypermedia Joyce Studies, http://hjs.ff.cuni.cz/archives/v9_1/main/essays.php?essay=tanaka (Feb. 2008).
_______________END --- (C) 2008 Tomoyuki Tanaka (tanaka@cs.indiHana.edu)
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Advanced Imaging Applications for Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer
Petsuksiri, Janjira;Jaishuen, Atthapon;Pattaranutaporn, Pittayapoom;Chansilpa, Yaowalak 1713
https://doi.org/10.7314/APJCP.2012.13.5.1713 PDF KSCI
Advanced imaging approaches (computed tomography, CT; magnetic resonance imaging, MRI; $^{18}F$-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography, FDG PET) have increased roles in cervical cancer staging and management. The recent FIGO (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics) recommendations encouraged applications to assess the clinical extension of tumors rather than relying on clinical examinations and traditional non-cross sectional investigations. MRI appears to be better than CT for primary tumors and adjacent soft tissue involvement in the pelvis. FDG-PET/CT has increased in usage with a particular benefit for whole body evaluation of tumor metabolic activity. The potential benefits of advanced imaging are assisting selection of treatment based upon actual disease extent, to adequately treat a tumor with minimal normal tissue complications, and to predict the treatment outcomes. Furthermore, sophisticated external radiation treatment and brachytherapy absolutely require advanced imaging for target localization and radiation dose calculation.
WAVEs: A Novel and Promising Weapon in the Cancer Therapy Tool Box
Sakthivel, K.M.;Prabhu, V. Vinod;Guruvayoorappan, C. 1719
The Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome Protein family Verprolin - homologous proteins (WAVEs), encoded by a metastasis promoter gene, play considerable roles in adhesion of immune cells, cell proliferation, migration and destruction of foreign agents by reactive oxygen species. These diverse functions have lead to the hypothesis that WAVE proteins have multi-functional roles in regulating cancer invasiveness, metastasis, development of tumor vasculature and angiogenesis. Differentials in expression of WAVE proteins are associated with a number of neoplasms include colorectal cancer, hepatocellular cancer, lung squamous cell carcinoma, human breast adenocarcinoma and prostate cancer. In this review we attempt to unify our knowledge regarding WAVE proteins, focusing on their potentials as diagnostic markers and molecular targets for cancer therapy.
Research Progress in Potential Urinary Markers for the Early Detection, Diagnosis and Follow-up of Human Bladder Cancer
Wang, Hai-Feng;Wang, Jian-Song 1723
Objective: To summarize and evaluate various urinary markers for early detection, diagnosis and follow-up of human bladder cancer. Methods: A MEDLINE and PUBMED search of the latest literature on urinary markers for bladder cancer was performed. We reviewed these published reports and made a critical analysis. Results: Most urinary markers tend to be less specific than cytology, yielding more false-positive results, but demonstrating an advantage in terms of sensitivity, especially for detecting low grade, superficial tumors. Some tumor markers appear to be good candidates for early detection, diagnosis, and follow-up of human bladder cancer. Conclusion: A number of urinary markers are currently available that appear to be a applicable for clinical detection, diagnosis, and follow-up of bladder cancer. However, further studies are required to determine their accuracy and widespread applicability.
Recent Candidate Molecular Markers: Vitamin D Signaling and Apoptosis Specific Regulator of p53 (ASPP) in Breast Cancer
Patel, Jayendra B.;Patel, Kinjal D.;Patel, Shruti R.;Shah, Franky D.;Shukla, Shilin N.;Patel, Prabhudas S. 1727
Regardless of advances in treatment modalities with the invention of newer therapies, breast cancer remains a major health problem with respect to its diagnosis, treatment and management. This female malignancy with its tremendous heterogeneous nature is linked to high incidence and mortality rates, especially in developing region of the world. It is the malignancy composed of distinct biological subtypes with diverse clinical, pathological, molecular and genetic features as well as different therapeutic responsiveness and outcomes. This inconsistency can be partially overcome by finding novel molecular markers with biological significance. In recent years, newer technologies help us to indentify distinct biomarkers and increase our understanding of the molecular basis of breast cancer. However, certain issues need to be resolved that limit the application of gene expression profiling to current clinical practice. Despite the complex nature of gene expression patterns of cDNAs in microarrays, there are some innovative regulatory molecules and functional pathways that allow us to predict breast cancer behavior in the clinic and provide new targets for breast cancer treatment. This review describes the landscape of different molecular markers with particular spotlight on vitamin D signaling pathway and apoptotic specific protein of p53 (ASPP) family members in breast cancer.
Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor: a Potential Marker for Cancer Diagnosis and Therapy
Babu, Spoorthy N.;Chetal, Gaurav;Kumar, Sudhir 1737
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a pluripotent cytokine which plays roles in inflammation, immune responses and cancer development. It assists macrophages in carrying out functions like phagocytosis, adherence and motility. Of late, MIF is implicated in almost all stages of neoplasia and expression is a feature of most types of cancer. The presence of MIF in almost all tumors and all stages of cancer makes it an interesting candidate for cancer therapy. This review explores the roles of MIF in neoplasia.
Lack of Association Between Helicobacter pylori Infection and Oral Lichen Planus
Pourshahidi, Sara;Fakhri, Farnaz;Ebrahimi, Hooman;Fakhraei, Bahareh;Alipour, Abbas;Ghapanchi, Janan;Farjadian, Shirin 1745
Oral lichen planus is a premalignant chronic inflammatory mucosal disorder with unknown etiology. It is a multifactorial disease and in addition to genetic background, infections, stress, drug reactions are suggested as risk factors. Helicobacter pylori which is involved in development of many gastrointestinal lesions may also be implicated in oral lichen planus induction. This is of clear importance for cancer prevention and the present study was performed to determine any association between H. pylori infection and oral lichen planus in southwestern Iran. Anti H. pylori IgG levels were determined in 41 patients and 82 sex-age matched controls. The results showed no association between H. pylori infection and oral lichen planus (51% in patients vs. 66% in control). or any of its clinical presentations.
No Association Between the USP7 Gene Polymorphisms and Colorectal Cancer in the Chinese Han Population
Li, Xin;Wang, Yang;Li, Xing-Wang;Liu, Bao-Cheng;Zhao, Qing-Zhu;Li, Wei-Dong;Chen, Shi-Qing;Huang, Xiao-Ye;Yang, Feng-Ping;Wang, Quan;Wang, Jin-Fen;Xiao, Yan-Zeng;Xu, Yi-Feng;Feng, Guo-Yin;Peng, Zhi-Hai;He, Lin;He, Guang 1749
Colorectal cancer (CRC), now the third most common cancer across the world, is known to aggregate in families. USP7 is a very important protein with an important role in regulating the p53 pathway, which is critical for genomic stability and tumor suppression. We here genotyped eight SNPs within the USP7 gene and conducted a case-control study in 312 CRC patients and 270 healthy subjects in the Chinese Han population. No significant associations were found for any single SNP and CRC risk. Our data eliminate USP7 as a potential candidate gene towards for CRC in the Han Chinese population.
Evaluation of Health Education in the Multi-professional Intervention and Training for Ongoing Volunteer-based Community Health Programme in the North-East of Thailand
Promthet, Supannee;Wiangnon, Surapon;Senarak, Wiporn;Saranrittichai, Kesinee;Vatanasapt, Patravoot;Kamsa-ard, Supot;Wongphuthorn, Prasert;Kasinpila, Chananya;Moore, Malcolm Anthony 1753
This was a survey research conducted in Northestern Thailand during 2009-2010 and designed to evaluate the success of a health education program by comparing levels of health knowledge in the community before and after the launching of a Multi-professional Intervention and Training for Ongoing Volunteer-based Community Health Programme. The survey questionnaire included items about demographic characteristics and health knowledge. The participants were 1,015 members of various communities, who were randomly selected to be included in the survey before launching the intervention, and 1,030 members of the same communities randomly selected to be included in the survey after the intervention was completed. The demographic characteristics of both groups were similar. Overall knowledge and knowledge of all the diseases, except lung and cervical cancer, were significantly higher after the intervention. In conclusion, a Volunteer-based Community Health Programme has advantages for areas where the numbers of health personnel are limited. The use of trained community health volunteers may be one of the best sustainable alternative means for the transfer of health knowledge.
Down-Regulation of CYP1A1 Expression in Breast Cancer
Hafeez, S.;Ahmed, A.;Rashid, Asif Z.;Kayani, Mahmood Akhtar 1757
Breast cancer is a major cause of death in women worldwide. Mammary tissue expressing xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes metabolically activate or detoxify potential genotoxic breast carcinogens. Deregulation of these xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes is considered to be a major contributory factor to breast cancer. The present study is focused on the expression of the xenobiotic metabolizing gene, CYP1A1, in breast cancer and its possible relationships with different risk factors. Twenty five tumors and twenty five control breast tissue samples were collected from patients undergoing planned surgery or biopsy from different hospitals. Semi-quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and western-blotting were used to investigate the expression of CYP1A1 in breast cancer control and disease samples. mRNA expression of CYP1A1 was down-regulated in 40% of breast tumor samples. Down-regulation was also observed at the protein level. Significnat relations were noted with marital status and tumour grade but not histopathological type. In conclusion, CYP1A1 protein expression was markedly reduced in tumor breast tissues samples as compared to paired control tissue samples.
Repeat Colonoscopy Every 10 Years or Single Colonoscopy for Colorectal Neoplasm Screening in Average-risk Chinese: A Cost-effectiveness Analysis
Wang, Zhen-Hua;Gao, Qin-Yan;Fang, Jing-Yuan 1761
Background: The appropriate interval between negative colonoscopy screenings is uncertain, but the numbers of advanced neoplasms 10 years after a negative result are generally low. We aimed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of colorectal neoplasm screening and management based on repeat screening colonoscopy every 10 years or single colonoscopy, compared with no screening in the general population. Methods and materials: A state-transition Markov model simulated 100,000 individuals aged 50-80 years accepting repeat screening colonoscopy every 10 years or single colonoscopy, offered to every subject. Colorectal adenomas found during colonoscopy were removed by polypectomy, and the subjects were followed with surveillance every three years. For subjects with a normal result, colonoscopy was resumed within ten years in the repeat screening strategy. In single screening strategy, screening process was terminated. Direct costs such as screening tests, cancer treatment and costs of complications were included. Indirect costs were excluded from the model. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was used to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of the different screening strategies. Results: Assuming a first-time compliance rate of 90%, repeat screening colonoscopy and single colonoscopy can reduce the incidence of colorectal cancer by 65.8% and 67.2% respectively. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio for single colonoscopy (49 Renminbi Yuan [RMB]) was much lower than that for repeat screening colonoscopy (474 RMB). Single colonoscopy was a more cost-effective strategy, which was not sensitive to the compliance rate of colonoscopy and the cost of advanced colorectal cancer. Conclusion: Single colonoscopy is suggested to be the more cost-effective strategy for screening and management of colorectal neoplasms and may be recommended in China clinical practice.
Clinical, Endoscopic and Pathogical Characteristics of Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer in Vietnamese
Quach, Duc Trong;Nguyen, Oanh Thuy 1767
Background: The Asia Pacific consensus for colorectal cancer (CRC) recommends that screening programs should begin by the age of 50. However, there have been reports about increasing incidence of CRC at a younger age (i.e. early-onset CRC). Little is known about the features of early-onset CRC in the Vietnamese population. Aim: To describe the clinical, endoscopic and pathological characteristics of early-onset CRC in Vietnamese. Method: A prospective, cross-sectional study was conducted at the University Medical Center from March 2009 to March 2011. All patients with definite pathological diagnosis of CRC were recruited. The early-onset CRC group were analyzed in comparison with the late-onset (i.e. ${\geq}$ 50-year-old) CRC group. Results: The rate of early-onset CRC was 28% (112/400) with a male-to-female ratio of 1.3. Some 22.3% (25/112) of the patients only experienced abdominal pain and/or change in bowel habit without alarming symptoms, 42.9% (48/112) considering their symptoms intermittent. The rate of familial history of CRC in early-onset group was significantly higher that of the late-onset group (21.4% versus 7.6%, p<0.001). The distribution of CRC lesions in rectum, distal and proximal colon were 51.8% (58/112), 26.8% (30/112) and 21.4% (24/112), respectively; which was not different from that in the late-onset group (${\chi}2$, p = 0.29). The rates for poorly differentiated tumors were also not significantly different between the two groups: 12.4% (14/112) versus 8.3% (24/288) (${\chi}2$, p = 0.25). Conclusion: A high proportion of CRC in Viet Nam appear at an earlier age than that recommended for screening by the Asia Pacific consensus. Family history was a risk factor of early-onset CRC. Diagnosis of early-onset CRC needs more attention because of the lack of alarming symptoms and their intermittent patterns as described by the patients.
Recurrence after Anatomic Resection Versus Nonanatomic Resection for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Meta-analysis
Ye, J.Z.;Miao, Z.G.;Wu, F.X.;Zhao, Y.N.;Ye, H.H.;Li, L.Q. 1771
The impact of anatomic resection (AR) as compared to non-anatomic resection (NAR) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) as a factor for preventing intra-hepatic and local recurrence after the initial surgical procedure remains controversial. A systematic review and meta-analysis of nonrandomized trials comparing anatomic resection with non-anatomic resection for HCC published from 1990 to 2010 in PubMed and Medline, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Science Citation Index were therefore performed. Intra-hepatic recurrence, including early and late, and local recurrence were considered as primary outcomes. As secondary outcomes, 5 year survival and 5 year disease-free survival were considered. Pooled effects were calculated utilizing either fixed effects or random effects models. Eleven non-randomized studies including 1,576 patients were identified and analyzed, with 810 patients in the AR group and 766 in the NAR group. Patients in the AR group were characterized by lower prevalence of cirrhosis, more favorable hepatic function, and larger tumor size and higher prevalence of macrovascular invasion compared with patients in the NAR group. Anatomic resection significantly reduced the risks of local recurrence and achieved a better 5 years disease-free survival. Also, anatomic resection was marginally effective for decreasing the early intra-hepatic recurrence. However, it was not advantageous in preventing late intra-hepatic recurrence compared with non-anatomic resection. No differences were found between AR and NAR with respect to postoperative morbidity, mortality, and hospitalization. Anatomic resection can be recommended as superior to non-anatomic resection in terms of reducing the risks of local recurrence, early intra-hepatic recurrence and achieving a better 5 year disease-free survival in HCC patients.
Gastric Precancerous Lesions in First Degree Relatives of Patients with Known Gastric Cancer: a Cross-Sectional Prospective Study in Guilan Province, North of Iran
Mansour-Ghanaei, Fariborz;Joukar, Farahnaz;Baghaei, Seyed Mohammad;Yousefi-Mashhoor, Mahmood;Naghipour, Mohammad Reza;Sanaei, Omid;Naghdipour, Misa;Shafighnia, Shora;Atrkar-Roushan, Zahra 1779
Background & Objectives: In patients with gastric cancer, the most frequently reported family history of cancer also involves the stomach. The aim of this study was to assess the presence of gastric precancerous lesions in first-degree relatives of patients with gastric cancer and to compare the obtained results with those of individuals with no such family history. Methods: Between 2007 and 2009, 503 consecutive persons more than 30 years old were enrolled in the study covering siblings, parents or children of patients with confirmed adenocarcinoma of stomach. The control group was made up of 592 patients who were synchronously undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy for evaluation of dyspepsia without gastric cancer or any family history. All subjects were endoscopically examined. Results: The overall prevalence of Helicobacter pylori was 77.7% in the cancer relatives and in 75.7% in the control group. Chronic gastritis was found in 90.4% vs. 81.1% (P<0.001). Regarding histological findings, 37(7.4%) of the study group had atrophy vs. 12(1.7%) in the control group (P<0.001), while no difference was observed for intestinal metaplasia (20.3%vs. 21.6%, P=0.58). Dysplasia were shown in 4% of cancer relatives but only 0.4% of the control group (P<0.001). There was no gender specificity. Conclusions: Findings of our study point to great importance of screening in relatives of gastric cancer patients in Iran.
Obviously Increasing Incidence Trend for Males but Stable Pathological Proportions for Both Genders: Esophageal Cancer in Zhongshan of China from 1970-2007
Wei, Kuan-Grong;Liang, Zhi-Heng 1783
Objectives: To analyze esophageal cancer incidence and pathological data of Zhongshan in China in 1970-2007, and to provide scientific information for its prevention and control. Methods: From Zhongshan Cancer Registry esophageal cancer incident and pathological data were obtained. Pathological proportions and trends were calculated and analyzed. Results: Although there was a continuously and obviously increasing trend for male incidence rates in 1970-2007 in Zhongshan, squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and adenocarcinoma (AD) incident proportions during 1990-2007 remained relatively stable. Moreover, SCC was the major pathological type, accounting for 70.6 percent of all new cases, while AD were relatively few and accounted for only 2.66 percent throughout the period. Conclusion: The male esophageal cancer incident pattern in Zhongshan in 1970-2007 was quite different from most other domestic areas. The data suggest that etiological analysis should be enhanced for improved control in Zhongshan.
Updated Meta-analysis of the TP53 Arg72Pro Polymorphism and Gastric Cancer Risk
Xiang, Bin;Mi, Yuan-Yuan;Li, Teng-Fei;Liu, Peng-Fei 1787
Objective: The p53 tumor suppressor pathway plays an important role in gastric cancer (GC) development. Auto-regulatory feedback control of p53 expression is critical to maintaining proper tumor suppressor function. So far, several studies between p53 Arg72Pro polymorphism and GC have generated controversial and inconclusive results. Methods: To better assess the purported relationship, we performed a meta-analysis of 19 publications. Eligible studies were identified by searching the Pubmed database. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated to assess any link. Results: Overall, a significant association was detected between the p53 Arg72Pro polymorphism and GC risk (Pro-allele vs. Arg-allele: OR = 1.05, 95%CI = 1.01-1.08; Pro/Pro vs. Arg/Arg: OR = 1.13, 95%CI = 1.04-1.22). Moreover, on stratified analysis by race, significantly increased risk was found for Asian populations (Pro-allele vs. Arg-allele: OR = 1.06, 95%CI = 1.02-1.10; Pro/Pro vs. Arg/Arg: OR = 1.16, 95%CI = 1.07-1.26; Pro/Pro+Pro/Arg vs. Arg/Arg: OR = 1.58, 95%CI = 1.09-2.27). Conclusions: Our study provided evidence that the p53 72Pro allele may increase GC risk in Asians. Future studies with larger sample size are warranted to further confirm this association in more detail.
Neurotrophic Artemin Promotes Motility and Invasiveness of MIA PaCa-2 Pancreatic Cancer Cells
Meng, Ling-Xin;Chi, Yu-Hua;Wang, Xiang-Xu;Ding, Zhao-Jun;Fei, Li-Cong;Zhang, Hong;Mou, Ling;Cui, Wen;Xue, Ying-Jie 1793
Objective: To analyze the capacity of neurotrophic artemin to promote the motility and invasiveness of MIA PaCa-2 pancreatic cancer cells. Methods: MIA PaCa-2 was cultured in vitro and studied using transwell chambers for motility and invasiveness on treatment with different concentrations of aArtemin or its receptor $GFR{\alpha}3$ were also determined. Expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and epithelial cadherin (E-cadherin) was quantified using RT-PCR and Western blotting. Results: MIA PaCa-2 pancreatic cancer cell motility and invasiveness was significantly increased with artemin and its receptor $GFR{\alpha}3$ with dose dependence (P<0.01). MMP-2 production was also significantly increased (t = 6.35, t = 7.32), while E-cadherin was significantly lowered (t = 4.27, t = 5.61) (P <0.01). Conclusion: Artemin and its receptor $GFR{\alpha}3$ can promote pancreatic cancer cell motility and invasiveness and contribute to aggressive behavior. The mechanism may be related to increased expression of MMP-2 molecule and down-regulation of E-cadherin expression.
Predictive Value of Excision Repair Cross-complementing Rodent Repair Deficiency Complementation Group 1 and Ovarian Cancer Risk
He, Shan-Yang;Xu, Lin;Niu, Gang;Ke, Pei-Qi;Feng, Miao-Miao;Shen, Hong-Wei 1799
Objective: We aimed to analyze the association between excision repair cross-complementing rodent repair deficiency complementation group 1 (XRCC1) and ovarian cancer risk. Methods: We performed a hospital-based case-control study with 155 cases and 313 controls in China. All Chinese cases with newly diagnosed primary ovarian cancer between May 2005 to May 2010 in our hospital were invited to participate within 2 months of diagnosis. Controls were randomly selected from people who requested general health examinations in the same hospital during the same period. SNPs in EXCC1, ERCC1 C8092A and ERCC1 T19007C, were analyzed by PCR-RFLP method. Results: We observed a non-significantly increased risk of ovarian cancer among individuals with ERCC1 8092TT compared with those with the 8092CC genotype (adjusted OR=1.55, 95% CI%=0.74-2.97). Moreover, 19007TT genotype carriers also showed a non-significant increased risk of ovarian cancer over those with the 19007CC genotype (adjusted OR=1.78, 95% CI%=0.91-3.64). Conclusion: Our firstly investigation of links between polymorphisms in the ERCC1 gene and the risk of ovarian cancer in Chinese population demonstrated no significant association. Further large sample studies in Chinese populations are needed.
hOGG1, p53 Genes, and Smoking Interactions are Associated with the Development of Lung Cancer
Cheng, Zhe;Wang, Wei;Song, Yong-Na;Kang, Yan;Xia, Jie 1803
This study aimed to investigate the effects of Ser/Cys polymorphism in hOGG1 gene, Arg/Pro polymorphism in p53 gene, smoking and their interactions on the development of lung cancer. Ser/Cys polymorphism in hOGG1 and Arg/Pro polymorphism in p53 among 124 patients with lung cancer and 128 normal people were detected using PCR-RFLP. At the same time, smoking status was investigated between the two groups. Logistic regression was used to estimate the effects of Ser/Cys polymorphism and Arg/Pro polymorphisms, smoking and their interactions on the development of lung cancer. ORs (95% CI) of smoking, hOGG1 Cys/Cys and p53 Pro/Pro genotypes were 2.34 (1.41-3.88), 2.12 (1.03-4.39), and 2.12 (1.15-3.94), respectively. The interaction model of smoking and Cys/Cys was super-multiplicative or multiplicative, and the OR (95% CI) for their interaction item was 1.67 (0.36 -7.78). The interaction model of smoking and Pro/Pro was super-multiplicative with an OR (95%CI) of their interaction item of 5.03 (1.26-20.1). The interaction model of Pro/Pro and Cys/Cys was multiplicative and the OR (95%CI) of their interaction item was 0.99 (0.19-5.28). Smoking, hOGG1 Cys/Cys, p53 Pro/Pro and their interactions may be the important factors leading to the development of lung cancer.
Retinoid Receptors in Gastric Cancer: Expression and Influence on Prognosis
Hu, Kong-Wang;Chen, Fei-Hu;Ge, Jin-Fang;Cao, Li-Yu;Li, Hao 1809
Background: Gastric cancer is frequently lethal despite aggressive multimodal therapies, and new treatment approaches are therefore needed. Retinoids are potential candidate drugs: they prevent cell differentiation, proliferation and malignant transformation in gastric cancer cell lines. They interact with nuclear retinoid receptors (the retinoic acid receptors [RARs] and retinoid X receptors [RXRs]), which function as transcription factors, each with three subclasses, ${\alpha}$, ${\beta}$ and ${\gamma}$. At present, little is known about retinoid expression and influence on prognosis in gastric cancers. Patients and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the expression of the subtypes RARa, $RAR{\beta}$, $RAR{\gamma}$, RXRa, $RXR{\beta}$, $RXR{\gamma}$ by immunohistochemistry in 147 gastric cancers and 51 normal gastric epithelium tissues for whom clinical follow-up data were available and correlated the results with clinical characteristics. In addition, we quantified the expression of retinoid receptor mRNA using real-time PCR (RT-PCR) in another 6 gastric adenocarcinoma and 3 normal gastric tissues. From 2008 to 2010, 80 patients with gastric cancers were enrolled onto therapy with all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA). Results: RARa, $RAR{\beta}$, $RAR{\gamma}$ and $RXR{\gamma}$ positively correlated with each other (p < 0.001) and demonstrated significantly lower levels in the carcinoma tissue sections (p < 0.01), with lower $RAR{\beta}$, $RAR{\gamma}$ and RXRa expression significantly related to advanced stages (p < =0.01). Tumors with poor histopathologic grade had lower levels of RARa and $RAR{\beta}$ in different histological types of gastric carcinoma (p < 0.01). Patients whose tumors exhibited low levels of RARa expression had significantly lower overall survival compared with patients who had higher expression levels of this receptor (p < 0.001, HR=0.42, 95.0% CI 0.24-0.73), and patients undergoing ATRA treatment had significantly longer median survival times (p = 0.007, HR=0.41, 95.0% CI 0.21-0.80). Conclusions: Retinoic acid receptors are frequently expressed in epithelial gastric cancer with a decreased tendency of expression and RARa may be an indicator of a positive prognosis. This study provides a molecular basis for the therapeutic use of retinoids against gastric cancer.
Acute Effects of Dokha Smoking on the Cardiovascular and Respiratory Systems among UAE Male University Students
Shaikh, Rizwana B.;Haque, Noor Mohammad Abdul;Al Mohsen, Hassan Abdul Hadi Khalil;Al Mohsen, Ali Abdul Hadi Khalil;Humadi, Marwa Haitham Khalaf;Al Mubarak, Zainab Zaki;Mathew, Elsheba;Al Sharbatti, Shatha 1819
Background: In the United Arab Emirates (UAE) tobacco use is rampant. A less reported, yet widely used form of smoking native to UAE is midwakh or dhokha. The aim of the study is to assess the acute effects of smoking dokha (Arabian pipe) on the cardiovascular and respiratory systems among male university students in the UAE. Method: A quasi-experimental study was conducted among 97 male volunteers aged more than 17 years. Blood pressure, heart rate and respiratory rate of each participant, were measured before and immediately after smoking. A self administered questionnaire was used to collect personal details and data about smoking pattern. Results: Mean increases in systolic blood pressures ($12{\pm}1$ mmHg), heart rates ($20{\pm}2$ bpm) and respiratory rates ($4{\pm}1$ breaths/min) were observed (p < 0.001). A mean decrease in diastolic blood pressures ($1{\pm}1$ mmHg) was observed (p = 0.483). Conclusion: Smoking dokha has a significant acute effect on systolic blood pressure, heart rate and respiratory rate. Anti smoking campaigns must address the ill effects of this form of smoking. Results from the study warrant further research into this method of smoking which is becoming more popular.
siRNA Mediated Silencing of NIN1/RPN12 Binding Protein 1 Homolog Inhibits Proliferation and Growth of Breast Cancer Cells
Huang, Wei-Yi;Chen, Dong-Hui;Ning, Li;Wang, Li-Wei 1823
The gene encoding the Nin one binding (NOB1) protein which plays an essential role in protein degradation has been investigated for possible tumor promoting functions. The present study was focused on NOB1 as a possible therapeutic target for breast cancer treatment. Lentivirus mediated NOB1 siRNA transfection was used to silence the NOB1 gene in two established breast cancer cell lines, MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231, successful transfection being confirmed by fluorescence imaging. NOB1 deletion caused significant decline in cell proliferation was observed in both cell lines as investigated by MTT assay. Furthermore the number and size of the colonies formed were also significantly reduced in the absence of NOB1. Moreover NOB1 gene knockdown arrested the cell cycle and inhibited cell cycle related protein expression. Collectively these results indicate that NOB1 plays an essential role in breast cancer cell proliferation and its gene expression could be a therapeutic target.
Applying Conventional and Saturated Generalized Gamma Distributions in Parametric Survival Analysis of Breast Cancer
Yavari, Parvin;Abadi, Alireza;Amanpour, Farzaneh;Bajdik, Chris 1829
Background: The generalized gamma distribution statistics constitute an extensive family that contains nearly all of the most commonly used distributions including the exponential, Weibull and log normal. A saturated version of the model allows covariates having effects through all the parameters of survival time distribution. Accelerated failure-time models assume that only one parameter of the distribution depends on the covariates. Methods: We fitted both the conventional GG model and the saturated form for each of its members including the Weibull and lognormal distribution; and compared them using likelihood ratios. To compare the selected parameter distribution with log logistic distribution which is a famous distribution in survival analysis that is not included in generalized gamma family, we used the Akaike information criterion (AIC; r=l(b)-2p). All models were fitted using data for 369 women age 50 years or more, diagnosed with stage IV breast cancer in BC during 1990-1999 and followed to 2010. Results: In both conventional and saturated parametric models, the lognormal was the best candidate among the GG family members; also, the lognormal fitted better than log-logistic distribution. By the conventional GG model, the variables "surgery", "radiotherapy", "hormone therapy", "erposneg" and interaction between "hormone therapy" and "erposneg" are significant. In the AFT model, we estimated the relative time for these variables. By the saturated GG model, similar significant variables are selected. Estimating the relative times in different percentiles of extended model illustrate the pattern in which the relative survival time change during the time. Conclusions: The advantage of using the generalized gamma distribution is that it facilitates estimating a model with improved fit over the standard Weibull or lognormal distributions. Alternatively, the generalized F family of distributions might be considered, of which the generalized gamma distribution is a member and also includes the commonly used log-logistic distribution.
Lack of Significance of the BRCA2 Promoter Methylation Status in Different Genotypes of the MTHFR a1298c Polymorphism in Ovarian Cancer Cases in Iran
Darehdori, Ahmad Shabanizadeh;Dastjerdi, Mehdi Nikbakht;Dahim, Hajar;Slahshoor, Mohammadreza;Babazadeh, Zahra;Taghavi, Mohammad Mohsen;Taghipour, Zahra;Gaafarineveh, Hamidreza 1833
Objective: Promoter methylation, which can be regulated by MTHFR activity, is associated with silencing of genes. In this study we evaluated the methylation status (type) of the BRCA2 promoter in ovarian cancer patients carrying different genotypes of the MTHFR gene (A or C polymorphisms at position 1298). Methods: The methylation type of the BRCA2 promoter was evaluated using bisulfate-modified DNA in methylation-specific PCR and the MTHFRa1278c polymorphism was assessed by PCR-RFLP. Results: Analysis of the BRCA2 promoter methylation type of cases showed that 7 out of 60 cases (11.7%) were methylated while the remaining 53 (88.3%) were unmethylated. In methylated cases, one out of the 7 cases had a CC genotype and the remaining 6 methylated cases had an AC genotype. The AA genotype was absent. In unmethylated cases, 34, 18, and one out of these had AC, AA and CC genotype, respectively. Conclusion: There was no significant relationship between the methylation types of the BRCA2 promoter in different genotypes of MTHFRa1298c polymorphism in ovarian cancer; p=0.255. There was no significant relation between the methylation types of the BRCA2 promoter in different genotypes of the MTHFRa1298c polymorphism in ovarian cancer.
Cisplatin-Based Therapy for the Treatment of Elderly Patients with Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: a Retrospective Analysis of a Single Institution
Inal, Ali;Kaplan, M. Ali;Kucukoner, Mehmet;Urakcl, Zuhat;Karakus, Abdullah;Islkdogan, Abdurrahman 1837
Background: In spite of the fact that platinum-based doublets are considered the standard therapy for patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), no elderly-specific platinum based prospective phase III regimen has been explored. The aim of this retrospective singlecenter study was to evaluate the efficacy and side effects of cisplatin-based therapy specifically for the elderly. Methods: Patients receiving platinum-based treatment were divided into three groups. In the first group (GC), Gemcitabine was administrated at 1000 $mg/m^2$ on days 1, 8 and cisplatin was added at 75 $mg/m^2$ on day 1. In the second group (DC), 75 $mg/m^2$ docetaxel and cisplatin were administered on day 1. The third group (PC) received 175 mg of paclitaxel and 75 mg of cisplatin on day 1. These treatments were repeated every three weeks. Result: GC arm had 36, the DC arm 42 and the PC arm 29 patients. Grade III-IV thrombocytopenia was higher in the GC arm (21.2% received GC, 2.8% received DC, and 3.8% received PC), while sensory neuropathy was lower in patients with GC arm (3.0%, 22.2%, and 23.1% received GC, DC and PC, respectively). There were no statistically significant difference in the response rates among the three groups (p>0.05). The median Progression-free survival (PFS) was 5.0 months and the median Overall survival (OS) in each group was 7.1, 7.4 and 7.1 months, respectively (p>0.05). Conclusion: The response rate, median PFS and OS were similar among the three treatment arms. Grade III-IV thrombocytopenia was higher in the GC arm, while the GC regimen was more favorable than the other cisplatin-based treatmetns with regard to sensory neuropathy.
Long Term Survivors with Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer Treated with Gemcitabine Alone or Plus Cisplatin: a Retrospective Analysis of an Anatolian Society of Medical Oncology Multicenter Study
Inal, Ali;Ciltas, Aydin;Yildiz, Ramazan;Berk, Veli;Kos, F. Tugba;Dane, Faysal;Unek, Ilkay Tugba;Colak, Dilsen;Ozdemir, Nuriye Yildirim;Buyukberber, Suleyman;Gumus, Mahmut;Ozkan, Metin;Isikdogan, Abdurrahman 1841
Background: The majority of patients with pancreatic cancer present with advanced disease. Systemic chemotherapy has limited impact on overall survival (OS) so that eligible patients should be selected carefully. The aim of this study was to analyze prognostic factors for survival in Turkish advanced pancreatic cancer patients who survived more than one year from the diagnosis of recurrent and/or metastatic disease and receiving gemcitabine (Gem) alone or gemcitabine plus cisplatin (GemCis). Methods: This retrospective evaluation was performed for patients who survived more than one year from the diagnosis of recurrent and/or metastatic disease and who received gemcitabine between December 2005 and August 2011. Twenty-seven potential prognostic variables were chosen for univariate and multivariate analyses to identify prognostic factors associated with survival. Results: Among the 27 variables in univariate analysis, three were identified to have prognostic significance: sex (p = 0.04), peritoneal dissemination (p =0.02) and serum creatinine level (p=0.05). Multivariate analysis by Cox proportional hazard model showed only peritoneal dissemination to be an independent prognostic factor for survival. Conclusion: In conclusion, peritoneal metastasis was identified as an important prognostic factor in metastatic pancreatic cancer patients who survived more than one year from the diagnosis of recurrent and/or metastatic disease and receiving Gem or GemCis. The findings should facilitate pretreatment prediction of survival and can be used for selecting patients for treatment.
Effect of Tissue Factor on Invasion Inhibition and Apoptosis Inducing Effect of Oxaliplatin in Human Gastric Cancer Cell
Yu, Yong-Jiang;Li, Yu-Min;Hou, Xu-Dong;Guo, Chao;Cao, Nong;Jiao, Zuo-Yi 1845
Objective: Tissue factor (TF) is expressed abnormally in certain types of tumor cells, closely related to invasion and metastasis. The aim of this study was to construct a human gastric cancer cell line SGC7901 stably-transfected with human TF, and observe effects on oxaliplatin-dependent inhibition of invasion and the apoptosis induction. Methods: The target gene TF was obtained from human placenta by nested PCR and introduced into the human gastric cell line SGC7901 through transfection mediated by lipofectamine. Stably-transfected cells were screened using G418. Examples successfully transfected with TF-pcDNA3 recombinant (experimental group), and empty vector pcDNA3 (control group) were incubated with oxaliplatin. Transwell chambers were used to show change in invasive ability. Caspase-3 activity was detected using a colorimetric method and annexin-V/PI double-staining was applied to detect apoptosis. Results: We generated the human gastric cancer cell line SGC7901/TF successfully, expressing TF stably and efficiently. Compared with the control group, invasion increased, whereas caspase-3 activity and apoptosis rate were decreased in the experimental group. Conclusion: TF can enhance the invasive capacity of gastric cancer cells in vitro. Its increased expression may reduce invasion inhibition and apoptosis-inducing effects of oxaliplatin and therefore may warrant targeting for improved chemotherapy.
Smoking Trajectories among Koreans in Seoul and California: Exemplifying a Common Error in Age Parameterization
Allem, Jon-Patrick;Ayers, John W.;Unger, Jennifer B.;Irvin, Veronica L.;Hofstetter, C. Richard;Hovell, Melbourne F. 1851
Immigration to a nation with a stronger anti-smoking environment has been hypothesized to make smoking less common. However, little is known about how environments influence risk of smoking across the lifecourse. Research suggested a linear decline in smoking over the lifecourse but these associations, in fact, might not be linear. This study assessed the possible nonlinear associations between age and smoking and examined how these associations differed by environment through comparing Koreans in Seoul, South Korea and Korean Americans in California, United States. Data were drawn from population based telephone surveys of Korean adults in Seoul (N=500) and California (N=2,830) from 2001-2002. Locally weighted scatterplot smoothing (lowess) was used to approximate the association between age and smoking with multivariable spline logistic regressions, including adjustment for confounds used to draw population inferences. Smoking differed across the lifecourse between Korean and Korean American men. The association between age and smoking peaked around 35 years among Korean and Korean American men. From 18 to 35 the probability of smoking was 57% higher (95%CI, 40 to 71) among Korean men versus 8% (95%CI, 3 to 19) higher among Korean American men. A similar difference in age after 35, from 40 to 57 years of age, was associated with a 2% (95%CI, 0 to 10) and 20% (95%CI, 16 to 25) lower probability of smoking among Korean and Korean American men. A nonlinear pattern was also observed among Korean American women. Social role transitions provide plausible explanations for the decline in smoking after 35. Investigators should be mindful of nonlinearities in age when attempting to understand tobacco use.
Impacts of Household Income and Economic Recession on Participation in Colorectal Cancer Screening in Korea
Myong, Jun-Pyo;Kim, Hyoung-Ryoul 1857
To assess the impact of household income and economic recession on participation in CRC screening, we estimated annual participating proportions from 2007 to 2009 for different CRC screening modalities according to household income levels. A total of 8,042 subjects were derived from the fourth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES IV). Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to estimate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for CRC screening with household income quartiles by gender in each year. People were less likely to attend a high-cost CRC screening such as a sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy independent of the income quartile during the economic recession. Income disparities for participating in opportunistic cancer screening appear to have existed among both males and females during the three years (2007-2009), but were most distinctive in 2009. An increase in mortality of CRC can therefore be expected due to late detection in periods of economic crisis. Accordingly, the government should expand the coverage of CRC screening to prevent excess deaths by reducing related direct and indirect costs during the economic recession.
Triplet Platinum-based Combination Sequential Chemotherapy Improves Survival Outcome and Quality of Life of Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Patients
Chen, Li-Kun;Liang, Ying;Yang, Qun-Ying;Xu, Fei;Zhou, Ning-Ning;Xu, Guang-Chuan;Liu, Guo-Zhen;Wei, Wei-Dong 1863
Background: Maintenance chemotherapy is one strategy pursued in recent years with intent to break through the chemotherapy plateau for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, given the toxicity, platinum-based combinations are rarely given for this purpose. We carried out the present prospective study of triplet platinum-based combination sequential chemotherapy in advanced NSCLC to investigate if patients could tolerate and benefit from such intensive treatment. Methods: From Dec 2003 to Dec 2007, 190 stage IIIB and IV NSCLC patients in Sun yat-sen University sequentially received the 3 platinum-based combination (TP-NP-GP) treatment (T: paclitaxol175$mg/m^2$ d1; N: vinorelbine25$mg/m^2$ d1 and 8; G: gemcitabine1$g/m^2$ d1 and 8; P: cisplatin20$mg/m^2$ d1-5; repeated every 3 weeks). Patients were followed up to at least 3 years to obtain survival data. Treatment toxicities and the quality of life (QOL) were assessed during the whole treatment. Results: There were 187 patients evaluable. The TP, NP and GP response rates with sequential use were 42.8% (80/187), 41.1% (65/158) and 28.8% (21/73) respectively. Median survival time was 18.2 months and the 1, 2 and 3 year overall survival (OS) rates were 78.7%, 38.5% and 21.3%. Patients receiving > 6 cycles of chemotherapy had significantly longer OS and TTP (MST 25.3 vs. 14.5 months, TTP 15.1 vs. 9.1 months). The QOL on the whole for the patients was improved after chemotherapy. Conclusions: The sequential chemotherapy strategy with triplet platinum-based combination regimens can improve the survival outcome and the quality of life of advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients.
Pilot Study of the Sensitivity and Specificity of the DNA Integrity Assay for Stool-based Detection of Colorectal Cancer in Malaysian Patients
Yehya, Ashwaq Hamid;Yusoff, Narazah Mohd;Khalid, Imran A.;Mahsin, Hakimah;Razali, Ruzzieatul Akma;Azlina, Fatimah;Mohammed, Kamil Sheikh;Ali, Syed A. 1869
Background: To assess the diagnostic potential of tumor-associated high molecular weight DNA in stool samples of 32 colorectal cancer (CRC) patients compared to 32 healthy Malaysian volunteers by means of polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Methods: Stool DNA was isolated and tumor-associated high molecular weight DNA (1.476 kb fragment including exons 6-9 of the p53 gene) was amplified using PCR and visualized on ethidium bromide-stained agarose gels. Results: Out of 32 CRC patients, 18 were positive for the presence of high molecular weight DNA as compared to none of the healthy individuals, resulting in an overall sensitivity of 56.3% with 100% specificity. Out of 32 patients, 23 had tumor on the left side and 9 on the right side, 16 and 2 being respectively positive. This showed that high molecular weight DNA was significantly (p = 0.022) more detectable in patients with left side tumor (69.6% vs 22.2%). Out of 32 patients, 22 had tumors larger than 1.0 cm, 18 of these (81.8%) being positive for long DNA as compared to not a single patient with tumor size smaller than 1.0 cm (p <0.001). Conclusion: We detected CRC-related high molecular weight p53 DNA in stool samples of CRC patients with an overall sensitivity of 56.3% with 100% specificity, with a strong tumor size dependence.
Comparison of Complications of Peripherally Inserted Central Catheters with Ultrasound Guidance or Conventional Methods in Cancer Patients
Gong, Ping;Huang, Xin-En;Chen, Chuan-Ying;Liu, Jian-Hong;Meng, Ai-Feng;Feng, Ji-Feng 1873
Objective: To compare the complications of peripherally inserted central catheters (PICC) by a modified Seldinger technique under ultrasound guidance or the conventional (peel-away cannula) technique. Methods: From February to December of 2010, cancer patients who received PICC at the Department of Chemotherapy in Jiangsu Cancer Hospital were recruited into this study, and designated UPICC if their PICC lines were inserted under ultrasound guidance, otherwise CPICC if were performed by peel-away cannula technique. The rates of successful placement, hemorrhage around the insertion area, phlebitis, comfort of the insertion arm, infection and thrombus related to catheterization were analyzed and compared on days 1, 5 and 6 after PICC and thereafter. Results: A total of 180 cancer patients were recruited, 90 in each group. The rates of successful catheter placement between two groups differed with statistical significance (P <0.05), favoring UPICC. More phlebitis and finger swelling were detected in the CPICC group (P <0.05). From day 6 to the date the catheter was removed and thereafter, more venous thrombosis and a higher rate of discomfort of insertion arms were also observed in the CPICC group. Conclusion: Compared with CPICC, UPICC could improve the rate of successful insertion, reduce catheter related complications and increase comfort of the involved arm, thus deserving to be further investigated in randomized clinical studies.
Inhibition of Breast Cancer Metastasis Via PITPNM3 by Pachymic Acid
Hong, Ri;Shen, Min-He;Xie, Xiao-Hong;Ruan, Shan-Ming 1877
Breast cancer metastasis is the most common cause of cancer-related death in women. Thus, seeking targets of breast tumor cells is an attractive goal towards improving clinical treatment. The present study showed that CCL18 from tumor-associated macrophages could promote breast cancer metastasis via PITPNM3. In addition, we found that pachymic acid (PA) could dose-dependently inhibit migration and invasion of MDA-MB-231cells, with or without rCCL18 stimulation. Furthermore, evidence was obtained that PA could suppress the phosphorylation of PITPNM3 and the combination of CCL18 and PITPNM3. Therefore, we speculate that PA could inhibit breast cancer metastasis via PITPNM3.
Breast Cancer Molecular Subtypes and Associations with Clinicopathological Characteristics in Iranian Women, 2002-2011
Kadivar, Maryam;Mafi, Negar;Joulaee, Azadeh;Shamshiri, Ahmad;Hosseini, Niloufar 1881
Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease that is affected by ethnicity of patients. According to hormone receptor status and gene expression profiling, breast cancers are classified into four molecular subtypes, each showing distinct clinical behavior. Lack of sufficient data on molecular subtypes of breast cancer in Iran, prompted us to investigate the prevalence and the clinicopathological features of each subtype among Iranian women. A total of 428 women diagnosed with breast cancer from 2002 to 2011 were included and categorized into four molecular subtypes using immunohistochemistry. Prevalence of each subtype and its association with patients' demographics and tumor characteristics, such as size, grade, lymph-node involvement and vascular invasion, were investigated using Chi-square, analysis of variance and multivariate logistic regression. Luminal A was the most common molecular subtype (63.8%) followed by Luminal B (8.4%), basal-like (15.9%) and HER-2 (11.9%). Basal-like and HER-2 subtypes were mostly of higher grades while luminal A tumors were more of grade 1 (P<0.001). Vascular invasion was more prevalent in HER-2 subtype, and HER-2 positive tumors were significantly associated with vascular invasion (P=0.013). Using muti-variate analysis, tumor size greater than 5 cm and vascular invasion were significant predictors of 3 or more nodal metastases. Breast cancer was most commonly diagnosed in women around 50 years of age and the majority of patients had lymph node metastasis at the time of diagnosis. This points to the necessity for devising an efficient screening program for breast cancer in Iran. Further, prospective surveys are suggested to evaluate prognosis of different subtypes in Iranian patients.
Characteristics of Mammary Paget's Disease in China: a National-wide Multicenter Retrospective Study During 1999-2008
Zheng, Shan;Song, Qing-Kun;Zhao, Lin;Huang, Rong;Sun, Li;Li, Jing;Fan, Jin-Hu;Zhang, Bao-Ning;Yang, Hong-Jian;Xu, Feng;Zhang, Bin;Qiao, You-Lin 1887
The aim of this study was to detail characteristics of mammary Paget's disease (PD) representing the whole population in China. A total of 4211 female breast cancer inpatients at seven tertiary hospitals from seven representative geographical regions of China were collected randomly during 1999 to 2008. Data for demography, risk factors, diagnostic imaging test, physical examination and pathologic characters were surveyed and biomarker status was tested by immunohistochemistry. The differences of demography and risk factors between PD with breast cancer and other lesions were compared using Chi-square test or t-test, with attention to physical examination and pathological characters. The percentage of PD was 1.6% (68/4211) in all breast cancers. The mean age at diagnosis was 48.1, and 63.2% (43/68) patients were premenopausal. There is no difference in demography and risk factors between PD with breast cancer and other breast cancer (P > 0.05). The main pattern of PD in physical exam and pathologic pattern were patients presenting with a palpable mass in breast (65/68, 95.6%) and PD with underlying invasive cancer (82.4%, 56/68) respectively. The rate of multifocal disease was 7.4% (5/68). PD with invasive breast cancer showed larger tumor size, more multifocal disease, lower ER and PR expression and higher HER2 overexpression than those in other invasive breast cancer (P < 0.05). These results suggested that PD in China is a concomitant disease of breast cancer, and that PD with underlying invasive cancer has more multiple foci and more aggressive behavior compared with other breast invasive cancer. We address the urgent needs for establishing diagnostic and therapeutic guidelines for mammary PD in China.
Liver Cancer Mortality Trends during the Last 30 Years in Hebei province: Comparison Results from Provincial Death Surveys Conducted in the 1970's, 1980's, 1990's and 2004-2005
Xu, Hong;He, Yu-Tong;Zhu, Jun-Qing 1895
Background and Aims: Liver cancer is a major health problem in low-resource countries. Approximately 55% of all liver cancer occurs in China. Hebei Province is one of the important covering nearly 6% of the population of China. The aim of this paper was to explore liver cancer mortality trends during past 30 years, and provide basic information on prevention strategies. Methods: Hebei was covered covered all the three national surveys during 1973-1975, 1990-1992, and 2004-2005 and one provincial survey during 1984-1986. Subjects included all cases dying from liver cancer in Hebei Province. Liver cancer mortality trend and geographic differences across cities and counties were analyzed. Results: There were 82,878 deaths in Hebei Province during 2004-2005 with an average mortality rate was 600.9/10,000, and an age-adjusted rate of 552.3/10,000. Those dying of cancer were 18,424 cases, accounting for 22.2% of all deaths, second only to cerebrovascular disease as a cause of death. Cancer mortality was 133.6/100,000 (age-adjusted rate was 119.2/100,000). Liver cancer ranked fourth in this survey with a mortality rate of 21.0/100,000, 28.4/100,000 in males and 13.35/10,000 in females, accounting for 15.7%, 17.1% and 13.4% of the total number of cancer deaths and in males and females, respectively. The sex ratio was 2.13. Since the 1970s, liver cancer deaths of Hebei province have been increasing slightly. The crude mortality rates in the four surveys were 11.3, 16.0, 17.4, 21.0 per 100,000, respectively, with age-adjusted rates fluctuating during the past 30 years, but the trend also being upwards. There is a tendency for the mortality rates to be higher in coastal than mountain areas, and is relative lower in the plain area, with crude mortality rates of 25.3, 22.1, and 19.1 per 100,000, respectively. There were no notable differences in cride data between urban and rural, but the age-adjusted mortality rate in rural was much higher. Conclusion: Our study indicated that the mortality of liver cancer in Hebei Province is lower than the national average level. There is a slightly increase trend, especially in some counties. Liver cancer is a major health problem and it is necessary to further promote prevention strategies in Hebei province.
Differential Distribution of miR-20a and miR-20b may Underly Metastatic Heterogeneity of Breast Cancers
Li, Jian-Yi;Zhang, Yang;Zhang, Wen-Hai;Jia, Shi;Kang, Ye;Zhu, Xiao-Yu 1901
Background: The discovery that microRNA (miRNA) regulates metastasis provide a principal molecular basis for tumor heterogeneity. A characteristic of solid tumors is their heterogenous distribution of blood vessels, with significant hypoxia occurring in regions (centers of tumor) of low blood flow. It is necessary to discover the mechanism of breast cancer metastasis in relation to the fact that there is a differential distribution of crucial microRNA in tumors from centers to edges. Methods: Breast tissues from 48 patients (32 patients with breast cancer) were classified into the high invasive and metastatic group (HIMG), low invasive and metastatic group (LIMG), and normal group. Samples were collected from both the centers and edges of all tumors. The first six specimens were detected by microRNA array, and the second ten specimens were detected by real-time qRT-PCR and Western blot analyses. Correlation analysis was performed between the miRNAs and target proteins. Results: The relative content of miR-20a and miR-20b was lower in the center of the tumor than at the edge in the LIMG, lower at the edge of the tumor than in the center in the HIMG, and lower in breast cancer tissues than in normal tissues. VEGF-A and HIF-1alpha mRNA levels were higher in the HIMG than in the LIMG, and levels were higher in both groups than in the normal group; there was no difference in mRNA levels between the edge and center of the tumor. VEGF-A and HIF-1alpha protein levels were higher in the HIMG than in the LIMG, and protein levels in both groups were higher than in the normal group; there was a significant difference in protein expression between the edge and center of the tumor. Correlation analysis showed that the key miRNAs (miR-20a and miR-20b) negatively correlated with the target proteins (VEGF-A and HIF-1alpha). Conclusions: Our data suggest that miR-20a and miR-20b are differentially distributed in breast cancer, while VEGF-A and HIF-1alpha mRNA had coincident distributions, and VEGF-A and HIF-1alpha proteins had uneven and opposing distributions to the miRNAs. It appears that one of the most important facets underlying metastatic heterogeneity is the differential distribution of miR-20a and miR-20b and their regulation of target proteins.
Mammography and Ultrasonography Reports Compared with Tissue Diagnosis - An Evidence Based Study in Iran, 2010
Akbari, Mohammad Esmaeil;Haghighatkhah, Hamidreza;Shafiee, Mohammad;Akbari, Atieh;Bahmanpoor, Mitra;Khayamzadeh, Maryam 1907
Background: Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer and the fifth cause of cancer death in Iranian women. Early detection and treatment are important for appropriate management of this disease. Mammography and ultrasonography are used for screening and evaluation of symptomatic cases and the main diagnostic test for breast cancer is pathological. In this study we evaluated mammography and ultrasonography as diagnostic tools. Methods: In this cross-sectional study 384 mammography and ultrasonography reports for 255 women were assessed, divided into benign and malignant groups. Suspected cases were referred for pathology evaluation. The radiologic and pathologic reports were compared and also comparison was performed based on age groups (more and less than 50 years old), history of breastfeeding and gravidity. Statistical analysis was performed by SPSS. Results: The mean ages of malignant and benign cases were $49{\pm}11.6$ and $43{\pm}11.2$ years, respectively. Sensitivity and specificity for mammography were 73% and 45%, respectively. Sensitivity and specificity for ultrasonography were 69% and 49%, respectively. There were statistical differences between specificity of mammography in patients based on factors such as history of gravidity, breastfeeding and sensitivity in patients equal or more than 50 years old and less. Conclusion: Factors affecting different results in mammography and ultrasonography reports were classified into three groups, consisting of skill, experience and training of medical staff, and setting of instruments. It is recommended that health managers in developing countries pay attention the quality of setting and man power more than current status. Policy-makers and managers must establish guidelines regarding breast imaging in Iran.
SELDI-TOF MS Combined with Magnetic Beads for Detecting Serum Protein Biomarkers and Establishment of a Boosting Decision Tree Model for Diagnosis of Pancreatic Cancer
Qian, Jing-Yi;Mou, Si-Hua;Liu, Chi-Bo 1911
Aim: New technologies for the early detection of pancreatic cancer (PC) are urgently needed. The aim of the present study was to screen for the potential protein biomarkers in serum using proteomic fingerprint technology. Methods: Magnetic beads combined with surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization (SELDI) TOF MS were used to profile and compare the protein spectra of serum samples from 85 patients with pancreatic cancer, 50 patients with acute-on-chronic pancreatitis and 98 healthy blood donors. Proteomic patterns associated with pancreatic cancer were identified with Biomarker Patterns Software. Results: A total of 37 differential m/z peaks were identified that were related to PC (P < 0.01). A tree model of biomarkers was constructed with the software based on the three biomarkers (7762 Da, 8560 Da, 11654 Da), this showing excellent separation between pancreatic cancer and non-cancer., with a sensitivity of 93.3% and a specificity of 95.6%. Blind test data showed a sensitivity of 88% and a specificity of 91.4%. Conclusions: The results suggested that serum biomarkers for pancreatic cancer can be detected using SELDI-TOF-MS combined with magnetic beads. Application of combined biomarkers may provide a powerful and reliable diagnostic method for pancreatic cancer with a high sensitivity and specificity.
Genome-wide Analysis of Aberrant DNA Methylation for Identification of Potential Biomarkers in Colorectal Cancer Patients
Fang, Wei-Jia;Zheng, Yi;Wu, Li-Ming;Ke, Qing-Hong;Shen, Hong;Yuan, Ying;Zheng, Shu-Sen 1917
Background: Colorectal cancer is one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide. Genome wide analysis studies have identified sequence mutations causing loss-of-function that are associated with disease occurrence and severity. Epigenetic modifications, such DNA methylation, have also been implicated in many cancers but have yet to be examined in the East Asian population of colorectal cancer patients. Methods: Biopsies of tumors and matched non-cancerous tissue types were obtained and genomic DNA was isolated and subjected to the bisulphite conversion method for comparative DNA methylation analysis on the Illumina Infinium HumanMethylation27 BeadChip. Results: Totals of 258 and 74 genes were found to be hyper- and hypo-methylated as compared to the individual's matched control tissue. Interestingly, three genes that exhibited hypermethylation in their promoter regions, CMTM2, ECRG4, and SH3GL3, were shown to be significantly associated with colorectal cancer in previous studies. Using heatmap cluster analysis, eight hypermethylated and 10 hypomethylated genes were identified as significantly differentially methylated genes in the tumour tissues. Conclusions: Genome-wide methylation profiling facilitates rapid and simultaneous analysis of cancerous cells which may help to identify methylation markers with high sensitivity and specificity for diagnosis and prognosis. Our results show the promise of the microarray technology in identification of potential methylation biomarkers for colorectal cancers.
2R of Thymidylate Synthase 5'-untranslated Enhanced Region Contributes to Gastric Cancer Risk: a Meta-analysis
Yang, Zhen;Liu, Hong-Xiang;Zhang, Xie-Fu 1923
Background: Studies investigating the association between 2R/3R polymorphisms in the thymidylate synthase 5'-untranslated enhanced region (TYMS 5'-UTR) and gastric cancer risk have generated conflicting results. Thus, a meta-analysis was performed to summarize the data on any association. Methods: Pubmed, Embase, and CNKI databases were searched for all available studies. The strength of association between TYMS 5'-UTR 2R/3R polymorphism and gastric cancer risk was estimated by odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: Six individual case-control studies with a total of 1, 472 cases and 1, 895 controls were included into this meta-analysis. Analyses of total six relevant studies showed that there was no obvious association between the TYMS 5'-UTR 2R/3R polymorphism and gastric cancer risk. Subgroup analyses based on ethnicity showed 2R of TYMS 5'-UTR 2R/3R contributes to gastric cancer risk in the Asian population ($OR_{Homozygote\;model}$ = 1.71, 95%CI 1.19-2.46, P = 0.004; $OR_{Recessive\;genetic\;model}$ = 1.70, 95%CI 1.18-2.43, P = 0.004). However, the association in Caucasian populations was uncertain due to the limited studies. Conclusions: Our meta-analysis suggests that 2R of TYMS 5'-UTR 2R/3R contributes to gastric cancer risk in the Asian population, while this association in Caucasians populations needs further study.
Red Strain Oryza Sativa-Unpolished Thai Rice Prevents Oxidative Stress and Colorectal Aberrant Crypt Foci Formation in Rats
Tammasakchai, Achiraya;Reungpatthanaphong, Sareeya;Chaiyasut, Chaiyavat;Rattanachitthawat, Sirichet;Suwannalert, Prasit 1929
Oxidative stress has been proposed to be involved in colorectal cancer development. Many dark pigments of plants have potent oxidative stress preventive properties. In this study, unpolished Thai rice was assessed for antioxidant activity using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) methods. Red strain unpolished Thai rice was also administered to rats exposed to azoxymethane (AOM) for induction of aberrant crypt foci (ACF). Serum malondialdehyde (MDA) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) were investigated for cellular oxidative stress and serum antioxidants, respectively. Red pigment unpolished Thai rice demonstrated high antioxidant activity and was found to significantly and dose dependently decrease the total density and crypt multiplicity of ACF. Consumption of Thai rice further resulted in high serum antioxidant activity and low MDA cellular oxidative stress. Interestingly, the density of ACF was strongly related to MDA at r = 0.964, while it was inversely related with FRAP antioxidants (r = -0.915, p < 0.001). The results of this study suggest that the consumption of red strain of unpolished Thai rice may exert potentially beneficial effects on colorectal cancer through decrease in the level of oxidative stress.
Prognostic Factors and Treatment Outcomes in 93 Patients with Uterine Sarcoma from 4 Centers in Turkey
Durnali, Ayse;Tokluoglu, Saadet;Ozdemir, Nuriye;Inanc, Mevlude;Alkis, Necati;Zengin, Nurullah;Sonmez, Ozlem Uysal;Kucukoner, Mehmet;Anatolian Society of Medical Oncology (ASMO), Anatolian Society of Medical Oncology (ASMO) 1935
Introduction: Uterine sarcomas are a group of heterogenous and rare malignancies of the female genital tract and there is a lack of consensus on prognostic factors and optimal treatment. Objective and Methodology: To perform a retrospective evaluation of clinicopathological characteristics, prognostic factors and treatment outcomes of 93 patients with uterine sarcomas who were diagnosed and treated at 4 different centers from November 2000 to October 2010. Results: Of the 93 patients, 58.0% had leiomyosarcomas, 26.9% malignant mixed Mullerian tumors, 9.7% endometrial stromal sarcomas, and 5.4% other histological types. According to the last International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) staging, 43.0% were stage I, 20.4% were stage II, 22.6% were stage III and 14.0 % were stage IV. Median relapse free survival (RFS) was 20 months (95% confidence interval (CI), 12.4-27.6 months), RFS after 1, 2, 5 years were 66.6%, 44.1%, 16.5% respectively. Median overall survival (OS) was 56 months (95% CI, 22.5-89.5 months), and OS after 1, 2, 5 years was 84.7%, 78%, 49.4% respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that age ${\geq}60$ years and high grade tumor were significantly associated with poor OS and RFS; patients administered adjuvant treatment with sequential chemotherapy and radiotherapy had longer RFS time. Among patients with leiomyosarcoma, in addition to age and grade, adjuvant treatment with sequential chemotherapy and radiotherapy after surgery had significant effects on OS. Conclusion: Uterine sarcomas have poor progrosis even at early stages. Prognostic factors affecting OS were found to be age and grade.
p63 Cytoplasmic Aberrance is Associated with High Prostate Cancer Stem Cell Expression
Ferronika, Paranita;Triningsih, F.X. Ediati;Ghozali, Ahmad;Moeljono, Abraham;Rahmayanti, Siti;Shadrina, Arifah Nur;Naim, Awang Emir;Wudexi, Ivan;Arnurisa, Alfa Monica;Nanwani, Sandeep Tarman;Harijadi, Ahmad 1943
Introduction: Prostate cancer in Indonesia is the $3^{rd}$ ranking cancer among males and the $5^{th}$ rank for their cancer mortality. Prognostic markers that can identify aggressive prostate cancer in early stages and help select appropriate therapy to finally reduce the mortality are therefore urgently needed. It has been suggested that stem cells in the prostate gland have a role in initiation, progression, and metastasis of cancer, although controversy continues to exist. Maintenance of normal stem cell or reserve cell populations in several epithelia including prostate has been shown to be regulated by p63 and alteration of p63 expression is considered to have an oncogenic role in prostate cancer. We hypothesize that the expression of cytoplasmic aberrance of p63 is associated with high ALDH1A1 expression as a cancer stem cell marker, thus leading to progression of prostate cancer. Methods: Using a cross-sectional study during two years (2009-2010), a total of 79 paraffin embedded tissues of benign prostatic hyperplasia, PIN prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia, low and high Gleason score prostate cancer were investigated using immunohistochemistry. Associations between cytoplasmic p63 and ALDH1A1, as well as with pathological diagnosis, were analyzed by Chi-Square test using SPSS 15.0. Links of both markers with cell proliferation rate (KI-67) and apoptotic rate (cleaved caspase 3) were also analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis test. Results: The mean age of patient at the diagnosis is 70.0 years. Cytoplasmic aberrance of p63 was associated with ALDH1A1 expression (p<0.001) and both were found to have significant relationships with pathological diagnosis (including Gleason score), (p=0.006 and p<0.001 respectively). Moreover, it was also found that higher levels of cytoplasmic p63 were significantly associated with the frequency of proliferating cells and cells undergoing apoptosis in prostate cancers (p=0.001 and p=0.016 respectively). Conclusion: p63 cytoplasmic aberrance is associated with high ALDH1A1 expression. These components are suggested to have an important role in prostate cancer progression and may be used as molecular markers.
The Lymphotoxin-α 252 A>G Polymorphism and Breast Cancer: A Meta-analysis
Zhou, Ping;Huang, Wei;Chu, Xing;Du, Liang-Feng;Li, Jian-Ping;Zhang, Chun 1949
Objective: The aim of this meta-analysis is to evaluate associations between LTA-252 A>G and breast cancer (BC). Methods: Electronic searches of several databases were conducted for all online publications. A total of 7 studies involving 4,625 BC patients and 4,373 controls were identified. Results: This meta-analysis showed no significant association between the LTA-252 A>G polymorphism and BC in overall or Caucasian populations. However, a positive association was found limited to Asian populations. Conclusion: Although there was no significant association found between the LTA-252 A>G polymorphism and BC overall, a positive association was found in Asian populations.
Accuracy of Frozen Sections for Intraoperative Diagnosis of Complex Atypical Endometrial Hyperplasia
Turan, Taner;Karadag, Burak;Karabuk, Emine;Tulunay, Gokhan;Ozgul, Nejat;Gultekin, Murat;Boran, Nurettin;Isikdogan, Zuhal;Kose, Mehmet Faruk 1953
Objective: The purpose of this study was to correlate the histological diagnosis made during intraoperative frozen section (FS) examination of hysterectomy samples with complex atypical endometrial hyperplasia (CAEH) diagnosed with definitive paraffin block histology. Methods: FS pathology results of 125 patients with a preoperative biopsy showing CAEH were compared retrospectively with paraffin block pathology findings. Results: Paraffin block results were consistent with FS in 78 of 125 patients (62.4%). The FS sensitivity and specificity of detecting cancer were 81.1% and 97.9%, with negative and positive predictive values of 76.7%, and 98.4%, respectively. Paraffin block results were reported as endometrial cancer in 77 of 125 (61.6%) patients. Final pathology was endometrial cancer in 45.3% patients diagnosed at our center and 76.9% for patients who had their diagnosis at other clinics (p=0.018). Paraffin block results were consistent with FS in 62.4% of all cases Consistence was 98.4% in patients who had endometrial cancer in FS. Conclusion: FS does not exclude the possibility of endometrial cancer in patients with the preoperative diagnosis of CAEH. In addition, sufficient endometrial sampling is important for an accurate diagnosis.
Cytostatic in vitro Effects of DTCM-Glutarimide on Bladder Carcinoma Cells
Brassesco, Maria S.;Pezuk, Julia A.;Morales, Andressa G.;De Oliveira, Jaqueline C.;Valera, Elvis T.;Da Silva, Glenda N.;De Oliveira, Harley F.;Scrideli, Carlos A.;Umezawa, Kazuo;Tone, Luiz G. 1957
Bladder cancer is a common malignancy worldwide. Despite the increased use of cisplatin-based combination therapy, the outcomes for patients with advanced disease remain poor. Recently, altered activation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway has been associated with reduced patient survival and advanced stage of bladder cancer, making its upstream or downstream components attractive targets for therapeutic intervention. In the present study, we showed that treatment with DTCM-glutaramide, a piperidine that targets PDK1, results in reduced proliferation, diminished cell migration and G1 arrest in 5637 and T24 bladder carcinoma cells. Conversely, no apoptosis, necrosis or autophagy were detected after treatment, suggesting that reduced cell numbers in vitro are a result of diminished proliferation rather than cell death. Furthermore previous exposure to 10 ${\mu}g/ml$ DTCM-glutarimide sensitized both cell lines to ionizing radiation. Although more studies are needed to corroborate our findings, our results indicate that PDK1 may be useful as a therapeutic target to prevent progression and abnormal tissue dissemination of urothelial carcinomas.
The Metabolic Syndrome and Risk Factors for Biliary Tract Cancer: A Case-control Study in China
Wu, Qiao;He, Xiao-Dong;Yu, Lan;Liu, Wei;Tao, Lian-Yuan 1963
Objectives: Recent data show that the metabolic syndrome may play a role in several cancers, but the etiology for biliary tract cancer is incompletely defined. The present aim was to evaluate risk factors for biliary tract cancer in China. Methods: A case-control study in which cases were biliary tract cancer patients referred to Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH). Controls were randomly selected from an existing database of healthy individuals at the Health Screening Center of PUMCH. Data on the metabolic syndrome, liver diseases, family history, and history of diabetes and hypertension were collected by retrospective review of the patients' records and health examination reports or by interview. Results: A total of 281 patients (102 intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC), 86 extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ECC) and 93 gallbladder carcinoma (GC)) and 835 age- and sex-matched controls were enrolled. $HBsAg^+/anti-HBc^+$ (P=0.002), history of diabetes (P=0.000), cholelithiasis (P=0.000), TC (P=0.003), and HDL (P=0.000) were significantly related to ICC. Cholelithiasis (P=0.000), Tri (P=0.001), LDL (P=0.000), diabetes (P=0.000), Apo A (P=0.000) and Apo B (P=0.012) were significantly associated with ECC. Diabetes (P=0.017), cholelithiasis (P=0.000) and Apo A (P=0.000) were strongly inversely correlated with GC. Conclusion: Cholelithiasis, HBV infection and metabolic symptoms may be potential risk factors for the development of biliary tract cancer.
Significance and Expression of Aquaporin 1, 3, 8 in Cervical Carcinoma in Xinjiang Uygur Women of China
Shi, Yong-Hua;Chen, Rui;Talafu, Tuokan;Nijiati, Rehemu;Lalai, Suzuke 1971
Overexpression of several aquaporins (AQPs) has been reported in different types of human cancer but their role in carcinogenesis, for example in the cervix, have yet to be clearly defined. In this study, expression of AQPs in cervical carcinomawas investigated by real-time PCR, immunofluorescent and immunohistochemical assays and evaluated for correlations with clinicopathologic variables. AQP1, 3, 8 exhibited differential expression in cervical carcinoma, corresponding CIN and mild cervicitis. AQP1 was predominantly localized in the microvascular endothelial cell in the stroma of mild cervicitis, CIN and cervical carcinoma. AQP3 and AQP8 were localized in the membrane of normal squamous epithelium and carcinoma cells, local signals being more common than diffuse staining. AQP1 and AQP3 expression was remarkably stronger in cervical cancer than in mild cervicitis and CIN2-3 (P<0.05). AQP8 expression was highest in CIN2-3 (91.7%), but levels in cervical carcinoma were also higher than in mild cervicitis. AQP1, AQP3, AQP8 expression significantly increased in advanced stage, deeper infiltration, metastatic lymph nodes and larger tumor volume (P<0.05). Our findings showed that AQPs might play important roles in cervical carcinogenesis and tumour progression in Uygur women.
Houttuynia cordata Thunb Fraction Induces Human Leukemic Molt-4 Cell Apoptosis through the Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Pathway
Prommaban, Adchara;Kodchakorn, Kanchanok;Kongtawelert, Prachya;Banjerdpongchai, Ratana 1977
Houttuynia cordata Thunb (HCT) is a native herb found in Southeast Asia which features various pharmacological activities against allergy, inflammation, viral and bacterial infection, and cancer. The aims of this study were to determine the cytotoxic effect of 6 fractions obtained from silica gel column chromatography of alcoholic HCT extract on human leukemic Molt-4 cells and demonstrate mechanisms of cell death. Six HCT fractions were cytotoxic to human lymphoblastic leukemic Molt-4 cells in a dose-dependent manner by MTT assay, fraction 4 exerting the greatest effects. Treatment with $IC_{50}$ of HCT fraction 4 significantly induced Molt-4 apoptosis detected by annexinV-FITC/propidium iodide for externalization of phosphatidylserine to the outer layer of cell membrane. The mitochondrial transmembrane potential was reduced in HCT fraction 4-treated Molt-4 cells. Moreover, decreased expression of Bcl-xl and increased levels of Smac/Diablo, Bax and GRP78 proteins were noted on immunoblotting. In conclusion, HCT fraction 4 induces Molt-4 apoptosis cell through an endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway.
Inhibition of ENNG-Induced Pyloric Stomach and Small Intestinal Carcinogenesis in Mice by High Temperature- and Pressure-Treated Garlic
Kaneko, Takaaki;Shimpo, Kan;Chihara, Takeshi;Beppu, Hidehiko;Tomatsu, Akiko;Shinzato, Masanori;Yanagida, Takamasa;Ieike, Tsutomu;Sonoda, Shigeru;Futamura, Akihiko;Ito, Akihiro;Higashiguchi, Takashi 1983
High temperature- and pressure-treated garlic (HTPG) has been shown to have enhanced antioxidative activity and polyphenol contents. Previously, we reported that HTPG inhibited 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced mucin depleted foci (premalignant lesions) and $O^6$-methylguanine DNA adduct formation in the rat colorectum. In the present study, we investigated the modifying effects of HTPG on N-ethyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (ENNG)-induced pyloric stomach and small intestinal carcinogenesis in mice. Male C57BL/6 mice were given ENNG (100 mg/l) in drinking water for the first 4 weeks, then a basal diet or diet containing 2% or 5% HTPG for 30 weeks. The incidence and multiplicity of pyloric stomach and small intestinal (duodenal and jejunal) tumors in the 2% HTPG group (but not in the 5% HTPG group) were significantly lower than those in the control group. Cell proliferation of normal-appearing duodenal mucosa was assessed by MIB-5 immunohistochemistry and shown to be significantly lower with 2% HTPG (but again not 5% HTPG) than in controls. These results in dicate that HTPG, at 2% in the diet, inhibited ENNG-induced pyloric stomach and small intestinal (especially duodenal) tumorigenesis in mice, associated with suppression of cell proliferation.
Planning of Nuclear Medicine in Turkey: Current Status and Future Perspectives
Goksel, Fatih;Peksoy, Irfan;Koc, Orhan;Gultekin, Murat;Ozgul, Nejat;Sencan, Irfan 1989
Background and Purpose: An analysis of the current nuclear medicine (NM) status and future demand in Turkey in line with the international benchmarks was conducted to establish a comprehensive baseline reference. Methods: Data from all NM centers on major equipment and manpower in Turkey were collected through a survey and cross-checked with the primary research and governmental data. Data regarding manpower currently working were obtained from the relevant academic centers and occupational societies. Results: The current numbers of NM laboratories, NM specialists, gamma cameras, PET/CT scanners, radioiodine treatment units for thyroid cancer are 217, 474, 287, 75 and 39, respectively. There was personnel and equipment need underestimated in the field compared to developed countries. Equipment insufficiency was more significant in the Ministry of Health (MoH) hospitals. These gaps should be eliminated with strategic planning of equipment and NM laboratories. Currently, the number of the PET/CT devices is at the level of the developed countries. The number of specialists in the field should reach the expected goal in 2023. By 2023, Turkey will need around 820 NM specialists, 498 gamma cameras and 99 PET/CT devices. In addition, further studies should be made regarding other related staff, particularly for health physicians, radiopharmacists and NM technicians. Conclusion: There is an insufficiency of personnel and equipment in Turkey's NM field. Comprehensive strategic planning is required to allocate limited resources and the purchase of the equipment and employment policies should be structured as part of "National Special Feature Requiring Health Service Plan".
Brain Metastases from Cholangiocarcinoma: a First Case Series in Thailand
Chindaprasirt, Jarin;Sookprasert, Aumkhae;Sawanyawisuth, Kittisak;Limpawattana, Panita;Tiamkao, Somsak 1995
Background: Brain metastasis from cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a rare but fatal event. To the best of our knowledge, only few cases have been reported. Herein, we report the incident rate and a first case series of brain metastases from CCA. Methods: Between January 2006 and December 2010 5,164 patients were treated at Srinagarind hospital, Khon Kaen University; of those, 8 patients developed brain metastasis. Here we reviewed clinical data and survival times. Results: The incident rate of brain metastases from CCA was 0.15%. The median age of the patients was 60 years. Tumor subtypes were intrahepatic in 6 and hilar in 2 patients. All suffered from symptoms related to brain metastasis. Three patients were treated with whole-brain radiation therapy (WBRT), one of whom also underwent surgery. The median survival after the diagnosis of brain metastasis was 9.5 weeks (1-28 weeks). The longest survival observed in a patient in RPA class I with two brain lesions and received WBRT. Conclusion: This is a first case series of brain metastases from CCA with the incident rate of 0.15%. It is rare and associated with short survival time.
Association of a Newly Identified Variant of DNA Polymerase Beta (polβΔ63-123, 208-304) with the Risk Factor of Ovarian Carcinoma in India
Khanra, Kalyani;Bhattacharya, Chandan;Bhattacharyya, Nandan 1999
Background: DNA polymerase is a single-copy gene that is considered to be part of the DNA repair machinery in mammalian cells. The encoded enzyme is a key to the base excision repair (BER) pathway. It is evident that pol beta has mutations in various cancer samples, but little is known about ovarian cancer. Aim: Identification of any variant form of $pol{\beta}$ cDNA in ovarian carcinoma and determination of association between the polymorphism and ovarian cancer risk in Indian patients. We used 152 samples to isolate and perform RT-PCR and sequencing. Results: A variant of polymerase beta (deletion of exon 4-6 and 11-13, comprising of amino acid 63-123, and 208-304) is detected in heterozygous condition. The product size of this variant is 532 bp while wild type pol beta is 1 kb. Our study of association between the variant and the endometrioid type shows that it is a statistically significant factor for ovarian cancer [OR=31.9 (4.12-246.25) with p<0.001]. The association between variant and stage IV patients further indicated risk (${\chi}^2$ value of 29.7, and OR value 6.77 with 95% CI values 3.3-13.86). The correlation study also confirms the association data (Pearson correlation values for variant/stage IV and variant/endometrioid of 0.44 and 0.39). Conclusion: Individuals from this part of India with this type of variant may be at risk of stage IV, endometrioid type ovarian carcinoma.
Association of Reduced Immunohistochemical Expression of E-cadherin with a Poor Ovarian Cancer Prognosis - Results of a Meta-analysis
Peng, Hong-Ling;He, Lei;Zhao, Xia 2003
Purpose: E-cadherin is a transmemberane protein which is responsible for adhesion of endothelial cells. The aim of our study was to assess existing evidence of associations between reduced expression of E-cadherin and prognosis of ovarian cancer with a discussion of potential approaches to exploiting any prognostic value for improved clinical management. Methods: We conducted a meta-analysis of 9 studies (n=915 patients) focusing on the correlation of reduced expression of E-cadherin with overall survival. Data were synthesized with random or fixed effect hazard ratios. Results: The studies were categorized by author/year, number of patients, FIGO stage, histology, cutoff value for E-cadherin positivity, and methods of hazard rations (HR) estimation, HR and its 95% confidence interval (CI). Combined hazard ratios suggested that reduced expression of E-cadherin positivity was associated with poor overall survival (OS), HR= 2.10, 95% CI:1.13-3.06. Conclusion: The overall survival of the E-cadherin negative group with ovarian cancer was significant poorer than the E-cadherin positive group. Upregulation of E-cadherin is an attractive therapeutic approach that could exert significant effects on clinical outcome of ovarian cancer.
Tas13D Inhibits Growth of SMMC-7721 Cell via Suppression VEGF and EGF Expression
He, Huai-Zhen;Wang, Nan;Zhang, Jie;Zheng, Lei;Zhang, Yan-Min 2009
Objective: Taspine, isolated from Radix et Rhizoma Leonticis has demosntrated potential proctiective effects against cancer. Tas13D, a novel taspine derivative synthetized by structure-based drug design, have been shown to possess interesting biological and pharmacological activities. The current study was designed to evaluate its antiproliferative activity and underlying mechanisms. Methods: Antiproliferative activity of tas13D was evaluated by xenograft in athymic mice in vivo, and by 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and cell migration assays with human liver cancer (SMMC-7721) cell lines in vitro. Docking between tas13D and VEGFR and EGFR was studied by with a Sybyl/Surflex module. VEGF and EGF and their receptor expression was determined by ELISA and real-time PCR methods, respectively. Results: Our present study showed that tas13D inhibited SMMC-7721 xenograft tumor growth, bound tightly with the active site of kinase domains of EGFR and VEGFR, and reduced SMMC-7721 cell proliferation (IC=34.7 ${\mu}mol/L$) and migration compared to negative controls. VEGF and EGF mRNAs were significantly reduced by tas13D treatment in a dose-dependent manner, along with VEGF and EGF production. Conclusion: The obtained results suggest that tas13D inhibits tumor growth and cell proliferation by inhibiting cell migration, downregulating mRNA expression of VEGF and EGF, and decreasing angiogenic factor production. Tas13D deserves further consideration as a chemotherapeutic agent.
Apoptosis-Induced Cell Death due to Oleanolic Acid in HaCaT Keratinocyte Cells -a Proof-of-Principle Approach for Chemopreventive Drug Development
George, V. Cijo;Kumar, D.R. Naveen;Suresh, P.K.;Kumar, R. Ashok 2015
Oleanolic acid (OA) is a naturally occurring triterpenoid in food materials and is a component of the leaves and roots of Olea europaea, Viscum album L., Aralia chinensis L. and more than 120 other plant species. There are several reports validating its antitumor activity against different cancer cells apart from its hepatoprotective activity. However, antitumor activity against skin cancer has not beed studied well thus far. Hence the present study of effects of OA against HaCaT (immortalized keratinocyte) cells - a cell-based epithelial model system for toxicity/ethnopharmacology-based studies - was conducted. Radical scavenging activity ($DPPH{\cdot}$) and FRAP were determined spectrophotometrically. Proliferation was assessed by XTT assay at 24, 48 and 72 hrs with exposure to various concentrations (12.5-200 ${\mu}M$) of OA. Apoptotic induction potential of OA was demonstrated using a cellular DNA fragmentation ELISA method. Morphological studies were also carried out to elucidate its antitumor potential. The results revealed that OA induces apoptosis by altering cellular morphology as well as DNA integrity in HaCaT cells in a dose-dependent manner, with comparatively low cytotoxicity. The moderate toxicity observed in HaCaT cells, with induction of apoptosis, possibly suggests greater involvement of programmed-cell death-mediated mechanisms. We conclude that OA has relatively low toxicity and has the potential to induce apoptosis in HaCaT cells and hence provides a substantial and sound scientific basis for further validation studies.
Loss of DBC2 Expression is an Early and Progressive Event in the Development of Lung Adenocarcinoma
Dong, Wei;Meng, Long;Shen, Hong-Chang;Du, Jia-Jun 2021
Purpose: DBC2 (Deleted in Breast Cancer 2) has been indicated to be a tumor suppressor gene in many cancers including lung adenocarcinoma recently. In this study, we aimed to explore the expression status of DBC2 in different subtypes of lung adenocarcinoma (from pre-invasive to invasive lesions), and to determine if downregulation becomes more marked with pathological progression. Methods: We collected 172 tissue samples from different subtypes of lung adenocarcinoma and investigated the frequency of DBC2 loss by immunohistochemistry. Results: Our results indicated that DBC2 downregulation is a relatively frequent event in lung adenocarcinoma. Moreover, as the adenocarcinoma subtype turns to be more invasive, more downregulation occurred. Conclusion: We conclude that loss of DBC2 expression is an early and progressive event in the pathogenesis of lung adenocarcinoma. Positive DBC2 immunohistochemistry may become an indicator for early stage disease and better prognosis of lung adenocarcinomas.
Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase Gene C677T Polymorphism and Lung Cancer: an Updated Meta-analysis
Hou, Xin-Heng;Huang, Yu-Min;Mi, Yuan-Yuan 2025
Objective: Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) catalyzes the metabolism of folate and nucleotides needed for DNA synthesis and repair. Variations in MTHFR functions likely play roles in the etiology of lung cancer (LC). So far, several studies between MTHFR C677T polymorphism and LC provide controversial or inconclusive results. Methods: To better assess the purported relationship, we performed a meta-analysis of 14 publications. Eligible studies were identified by searching the Pubmed, Embase, Web of Science and Google Scholar databases. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated to assess the association. Results: Overall, no significant association was detected between the MTHFR C677T polymorphism and LC risk, the same as in race subgroup. However, in the stratified analysis by histological type, significantly increased non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) risk was indicated (T-allele vs. C-allele: OR = 1.11, 95%CI = 1.03-1.19; TT vs. CC: OR = 1.24, 95%CI = 1.09-1.41; TC vs. CC: OR = 1.11, 95%CI = 1.03-1.20 and TT+TC vs. CC: OR = 1.09, 95%CI = 1.03-1.15). At the same time, ever-smokers who carried T-allele (TT+TC) had a 10% decreased LC risk compared with CC genotype carriers. Conclusions: Our study provided evidence that the MTHFR 677T null genotype may increase NSCLC risk, however, it may protect ever-smokers against LC risk. Future studies with large sample sizes are warranted to further evaluate this association in more detail.
Application of Crossover Analysis-logistic Regression in the Assessment of Gene- environmental Interactions for Colorectal Cancer
Wu, Ya-Zhou;Yang, Huan;Zhang, Ling;Zhang, Yan-Qi;Liu, Ling;Yi, Dong;Cao, Jia 2031
Background: Analysis of gene-gene and gene-environment interactions for complex multifactorial human disease faces challenges regarding statistical methodology. One major difficulty is partly due to the limitations of parametric-statistical methods for detection of gene effects that are dependent solely or partially on interactions with other genes or environmental exposures. Based on our previous case-control study in Chongqing of China, we have found increased risk of colorectal cancer exists in individuals carrying a novel homozygous TT at locus rs1329149 and known homozygous AA at locus rs671. Methods: In this study, we proposed statistical method-crossover analysis in combination with logistic regression model, to further analyze our data and focus on assessing gene-environmental interactions for colorectal cancer. Results: The results of the crossover analysis showed that there are possible multiplicative interactions between loci rs671 and rs1329149 with alcohol consumption. Multifactorial logistic regression analysis also validated that loci rs671 and rs1329149 both exhibited a multiplicative interaction with alcohol consumption. Moreover, we also found additive interactions between any pair of two factors (among the four risk factors: gene loci rs671, rs1329149, age and alcohol consumption) through the crossover analysis, which was not evident on logistic regression. Conclusions: In conclusion, the method based on crossover analysis-logistic regression is successful in assessing additive and multiplicative gene-environment interactions, and in revealing synergistic effects of gene loci rs671 and rs1329149 with alcohol consumption in the pathogenesis and development of colorectal cancer.
Prevalence of Depression and its Correlations: a Cross-sectional Study in Thai Cancer Patients
Maneeton, Benchalak;Maneeton, Narong;Mahathep, Pojai 2039
Objectives: Depression is common in cancer patients. However, only limited evidence is available for Asian populations. The authors therefore examine the prevalence of depression in Thai patients with cancer. In addition, associated factors were determined. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in cancer patients admitted to a university hospital during December 2006 - December 2007. The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) was used to assess all cancer patients. Suicidal risk was assessed by using the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) in the module of suicidal risk assessment. Results: Of 108 cancer patients, 29.6 % were diagnosed with a depressive disorder (mild, 14.8 %; moderate, 5.6 %; severe, 9.3 %). However, only 25.0 % of these were recognized as being depressed by the primary physician. According to the MINI., 28.1 % of these depressed cancer patients had a moderate to severe level of suicidal risk. In addition, the findings suggest that increased risk of depression is significantly associated with increased pain score, lower number of cancer treatments (< 2 methods), increased educational duration (>13 years), increased age (> 50 years old) and being female. Conclusions: The prevalence of depression is high in Thai cancer patients. However, depressive disorder in those patients is frequently undiagnosed. It is associated with several factors including pain, a number of cancer treatments, education duration, age and sex. To improve quality of life, increase compliance with treatments and prevent of suicide, screening for depressive disorders in this patient group is strongly recommended.
Down-regulation of SENP1 Expression Increases Apoptosis of Burkitt Lymphoma Cells
Huang, Bin-Bin;Gao, Qing-Mei;Liang, Wei;Xiu, Bing;Zhang, Wen-Jun;Liang, Ai-Bin 2045
Objective: To investigate the effect of down-regulation of Sentrin/SUMO-specific protease 1 (SENP1) expression on the apoptosis of human Burkitt lymphoma cells (Daudi cells) and potential mechanisms. Methods: Short hairpin RNA (shRNA) targeting SENP1 was designed and synthesized and then cloned into a lentiviral vector. A lentiviral packaging plasmid was used to transfect Daudi cells (sh-SENP1-Daudi group). Daudi cells without transfection (Daudi group) and Daudi cells transfected with blank plasmid (sh-NC-Daudi group) served as control groups. Flow cytometry was performed to screen GFP positive cells and semiquantitative PCR and Western blot assays were employed to detect the inference efficiency. The morphology of cells was observed under a microscope before and after transfection. Fluorescence quantitative PCR and Western blot assays were conducted to measure the mRNA and protein expression of apoptosis related molecules (caspase-3, 8 and 9). After treatment with $COCl_2$ for 24 h, the mRNA and protein expression of hypoxia inducible factor -$1{\alpha}$ (HIF-$1{\alpha}$) was determined. Results: Sequencing showed the expression vectors of shRNA targeting SENP1 to be successfully constructed. Following screening of GFP positive cells by FCM, semiqualitative PCR showed the interference efficiency was $79.2{\pm}0.026%$. At 48 h after transfection, the Daudi cells became shrunken, had irregular edges and presented apoptotic bodies. Western blot assay revealed increase in expression of caspase-3, 8 and 9 with prolongation of transfection (P<0.05). Following hypoxia treatment, mRNA expression of HIF-$1{\alpha}$ remained unchanged in three groups (P>0.05) but the protein expression of HIF-$1{\alpha}$ markedly increased (P<0.05). However, in the sh-SENP1-Daudi group, the protein expression of HIF-$1{\alpha}$ remained unchanged Conclusion: SENP1-shRNA can efficiently inhibit SENP1 expression in Daudi cells. SENP1 inhibition may promote cell apoptosis. These findings suggest that SENP1 may serve as an important target in the gene therapy of Burkitts lymphoma.
The CHEK2 I157T Variant and Colorectal Cancer Susceptibility: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Liu, Chuan;Wang, Qing-Shui;Wang, Ya-Jie 2051
Background: The cell cycle checkpoint kinase 2 (CHEK2) gene I157T variant may be associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer, but it is unclear whether the evidence is sufficient to recommend testing for the mutation in clinical practice. Materials and Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, EMBASES, Elsevier and Springer for relevant articles before Apr 2012. Summary odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated using a fixed-effects or random-effects models with Review Manager 5.0 software. Results: A total of seven studies including 4,029 cases and 13,844 controls based on the search criteria were included for analysis. A significant association of the CHEK2 I157T C variant with unselected CRC was found (OR = 1.61, 95% CI = 1.40-1.87, P < 0.001). We also found a significant association with sporadic CRC (OR = 1.48, 95% CI = 1.23-1.77, P < 0.001) and separately with familial CRC (OR = 1.97, 95% CI = 1.41-2.74, P < 0.001). Conclusion: This meta-analysis demonstrates that the CHEK2 I157T variant may be another important CRC-predisposing gene, which increases CRC risk, especially in familial CRC.
Variation of Urinary and Serum Trace Elements (Ca, Zn, Cu, Se) in Bladder Carcinoma in China
Guo, Kun-Feng;Zhang, Zhe;Wang, Jun-Yong;Gao, Sheng-Lin;Liu, Jiao;Zhan, Bo;Chen, Zhi-Peng;Kong, Chui-Ze 2057
Backgrounds: Deficiency or excess of trace elements can induce body metabolic disorders and cellular growth disturbance, even mutation and cancerization. Since there are few studies of the effect of trace elements in bladder carcinoma in China, the aim of this study was thus to assess variation using a case control approach. Methods: To determine this, 81 patients with bladder carcinoma chosen as a study group and 130 healthy persons chosen as a control group were all assayed for urinary and serum trace elements (calcium [Ca], zinc [Zn], copper [Cu], selenium [Se]) using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer, and the results were analyzed by independent sample t tests. The correlative factors on questionnaires answered by all persons were analyzed by logistic regression. Results: The results showed urinary Ca, Zn and serum Cu levels of the study group to be significantly higher (P<0.05) than those of he control group. Serum Ca and Se levels of study group were significantly lower (P<0.05) than those of control group. Conclusion: There were higher urinary Zn and serum Cu concentrations in bladder carcinoma cases. Bladder carcinoma may be associated with Ca metabolic disorder, leading to higher urinary Ca and lower serum Ca. Low serum Se and smoking appear to be other risk factors for bladder carcinoma in China.
Significance of Human Telomerase RNA Gene Amplification Detection for Cervical Cancer Screening
Chen, Shao-Min;Lin, Wei;Liu, Xin;Zhang, You-Zhong 2063
Aim: Liquid-based cytology is the most often used method for cervical cancer screening, but it is relatively insensitive and frequently gives equivocal results. Used as a complementary procedure, the high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA test is highly sensitive but not very specific. The human telomerase RNA gene (TERC) is the most often amplified oncogene that is observed in cervical precancerous lesions. We assessed genomic amplification of TERC in liquid-based cytological specimens to explore the optimal strategy of using this for cervical cancer screening. Methods: Six hundred and seventy-one residual cytological specimens were obtained from outpatients aged 25 to 64 years. The specimens were evaluated by the Digene Hybrid Capture 2 (HC2) HPV DNA test and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with a chromosome probe to TERC (3q26). Colposcopic examination and histological evaluation were performed where indicated. Results: The TERC positive rate was higher in the CIN2+ (CIN2, CIN3 and SCC) group than in the normal and CIN 1 groups (90.0% vs. 10.4%, p < 0.01). In comparison with the HC2 HPV DNA test, the TERC amplification test had lower sensitivity but higher specificity (90.0% vs. 100.0%, 89.6% vs. 44.0%, respectively). TERC amplification test used in conjunction with the HC2 HPV DNA test showed a combination of 90.0% sensitivity and 92.2% specificity. Conclusion: The TERC amplification test can be used to diagnose cervical precancerous lesions. TERC and HPV DNA co-testing shows an optimal combination of sensitivity and specificity for cervical cancer screening.
Overview of Methodological Quality of Systematic Reviews about Gastric Cancer Risk and Protective Factors
Li, Lun;Ying, Xiang-Ji;Sun, Tian-Tian;Yi, Kang;Tian, Hong-Liang;Sun, Rao;Tian, Jin-Hui;Yang, Ke-Hu 2069
Background and Objective: A comprehensive overall review of gastric cancer (GC) risk and protective factors is a high priority, so we conducted the present study. Methods: Systematic searches in common medical electronic databases along with reference tracking were conducted to include all kinds of systematic reviews (SRs) about GC risk and protective factors. Two authors independently selected studies, extracted data, and evaluated the methodological qualities and the quality of evidence using R-AMSTAR and GRADE approaches. Results: Beta-carotene below 20 mg/day, fruit, vegetables, non-fermented soy-foods, whole-grain, and dairy product were GC protective factors, while beta-carotene 20 mg/day or above, pickled vegetables, fermented soy-foods, processed meat 30g/d or above, or salty foods, exposure to alcohol or smoking, occupational exposure to Pb, overweight and obesity, helicobacter pylori infection were GC risk factors. So we suggested screening and treating H. pylori infection, limiting the amount of food containing risk factors (processed meat consumption, beta-carotene, pickled vegetables, fermented soy-foods, salty foods, alcohol), stopping smoking, avoiding excessive weight gain, avoidance of Pb, and increasing the quantity of food containing protective components (fresh fruit and vegetables, non-fermented soy-foods, whole-grain, dairy products). Conclusions: The conclusions and recommendations of our study were limited by including SRs with poor methodological bases and low quality of evidence, so that more research applying checklists about assessing the methodological qualities and reporting are needed for the future.
Value of Ultrasound Elastography in Assessment of Enlarged Cervical Lymph Nodes
Teng, Deng-Ke;Wang, Hui;Lin, Yuan-Qiang;Sui, Guo-Qing;Guo, Feng;Sun, Li-Na 2081
Background: To investigate the value of ultrasound elastography (UE) in the differentiation between benign and malignant enlarged cervical lymph nodes (LNs). Methods: B-mode ultrasound, power Doppler imaging and UE were examined to determine LN characteristics. Two kinds of methods, 4 scores of elastographic classification and a strain ratio (SR) were used to evaluate the ultrasound elastograms. Results: The cutoff point of SR had high utility in differential diagnosis of benign and malignant of cervical lymph nodes, with good sensitivity, specificity and accuracy. Conclusion: UE is an important aid in differential diagnosis of benign and malignant cervical LNs.
β3GnT8 Regulates Laryngeal Carcinoma Cell Proliferation Via Targeting MMPs/TIMPs and TGF-β1
Hua, Dong;Qin, Fang;Shen, Li;Jiang, Zhi;Zou, Shi-Tao;Xu, Lan;Cheng, Zhi-Hong;Wu, Shi-Liang 2087
Previous evidence showed ${\beta}1$, 3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase 8 (${\beta}3GnT8$), which can extend polylactosamine on N-glycans, to be highly expressed in some cancer cell lines and tissues, indicating roles in tumorigenesis. However, so far, the function of ${\beta}3GnT8$ in laryngeal carcinoma has not been characterized. To test any contribution, Hep-2 cells were stably transfected with sense or interference vectors to establish cell lines that overexpressed or were deficient in ${\beta}3GnT8$. Here we showed that cell proliferation was increased in ${\beta}3GnT8$ overexpressed cells but decreased in ${\beta}3GnT8$ knockdown cells using MTT. Furthermore, we demonstrated that change in ${\beta}3GnT8$ expression had significant effects on tumor growth in nude mice.We further provided data suggesting that overexpression of ${\beta}3GnT8$ enhanced the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) at both the mRNA and protein levels, associated with shedding of tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase TIMP-2. In addition, it caused increased production of transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-${\beta}1$), whereas ${\beta}3GnT8$ gene knockdown caused the reverse effect. The results may indicate a novel mechanism by which effects of ${\beta}3GnT8$ in regulating cellular proliferation are mediated, at least in partvia targeting MMPs/TIMPs and TGF-${\beta}1$ in laryngeal carcinoma Hep-2 cells. The finding may lay a foundation for further investigations into the ${\beta}3GnT8$ as a potential target for therapy of laryngeal carcinoma.
Mechanisms of Anticancer Activity of Sulforaphane from Brassica oleracea in HEp-2 Human Epithelial Carcinoma Cell Line
Devi, J. Renuka;Thangam, E. Berla 2095
Sulforaphane (SFN) an isothiocyanate formed by hydrolysis of glucosinolates found in Brassica oleraceae is reported to possess anticancer and antioxidant activities. In this study, we isolated SFN from red cabbage (Brassica oleraceae var rubra) and evaluated the comparative antiproliferative activity of various fractions (standard SFN, extract and purified SFN) by MTT assay in human epithelial carcinoma HEp -2 and and Vero cells. Probable apoptotic mechanisms mediated through p53, bax and bcl-2 were also examined. The SFN fraction was collected by HPLC, enriched for its SFN content and confirmed. Expression of apoptosis-related proteins was detected by western blotting and RT PCR. Results showed that Std SFN and purified SFN concentration found to have closer $IC_{50}$ which is equal to 58.96 microgram/ml (HEp-2 cells), 61.2 microgram/ml (Vero cells) and less than the extract which is found to be 113 microgram/ml (HEp-2 cells) and 125 microgram/ml (Vero cells). Further studies on apoptotic mechanisms showed that purified SFN down-regulated the expression of bcl-2 (antiapoptotic), while up-regulating p53 and Bax (proapoptotic) proteins, as well as caspase-3. This study indicates that purified SFN possesses antiproliferative effects the same as Std SFN and its apoptotic mechanism in HEp-2 cells could be mediated through p53 induction, bax and bcl-2 signaling pathways.
Long Term Outcomes and Prognostic Factors of N0 Stage Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: a Single Institutional Experience with 610 Patients
Sun, Jian-Da;Chen, Chuang-Zhen;Chen, Jian-Zhou;Li, Dong-Sheng;Chen, Zhi-Jian;Zhou, Ming-Zhen;Li, De-Rui 2101
Treatment responses of $N_0$ stage nasopharyngeal carcinoma were firstly analyzed comprehensively to evaluate long term outcomes of patients and identify prognostic factors. A total of 610 patients with $N_0$ NPC, undergoing definitive radiotherapy to their primary lesion and prophylactic radiation to upper neck, were reviewed retrospectively. Concomitant chemotherapy was administrated to 65 out of the 610. Survival rates of the patients were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared by log-rank test. Prognostic factors were identified by the Cox regression model. The study revealed the 5-year and 10-year overall, disease-free, disease-specific, local failure-free, regional failure-free, locoregional failure-free and distant metastasis-free survival rates to be 78.7% and 66.8%, 68.8% and 55.8%, 79.9% and 70.4%, 81.2% and 72.5%, 95.8% and 91.8%, 78.3% and 68.5%, 88.5% and 85.5%, respectively. There were 192 patients experiencing failure (31.5%) after radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy. Of these, local recurrence, regional relapse and distant metastases as the first event of failure occurred in 100 (100/610, 16.4%), 15(15/610, 2.5%) and 52 (52/610, 8.5%), respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that T stage was the only independent prognostic factor for patients with $N_0$ NPC (P=0.000). Late T stage (P=0.000), male (P=0.039) and anemia (P=0.007) were independently unfavorable factors predicting disease-free survival. After treatment, satisfactory outcome wasgenerally achieved in patients with $N_0$ NPC. Local recurrence represented the predominant mode of treatment failure, while T stage was the only independent prognostic factor for overall survival. Late T stage, male gender, and anemia independently predicted lower possibility of the disease-free survival.
Triple Negative Status is a Poor Prognostic Indicator in Chinese Women with Breast Cancer: a Ten Year Review
Ma, K.K.;Chau, Wai Wang;Wong, Connie H.N.;Wong, Kerry;Fung, Nicholas;Lee, J.T. Andrea;Choi, L.Y. Catherine;Suen, Dacita T.K.;Kwong, Ava 2109
Background: Ethnic variation in tumor characteristics and clinical presentation of breast cancer is increasingly being emphasized. We studied the tumor characteristics and factors which may influence the presentation and prognosis of triple negative breast cancers (TNC) in a cohort of Chinese women. Methods: A prospective cohort of 1800 Chinese women with breast cancer was recruited in a tertiary referral unit in Hong Kong between 1995 and 2006 and was followed up with a median duration of 7.2 years. Of the total, 216 (12.0%) had TNC and 1584 (88.0%) had non-TNC. Their clinicopathological variables, epidemiological variables and clinical outcomes were evaluated. Results: Patients with TNC had similar age of presentation as those with non-TNC, while presenting at earlier stages (82.4% were stage 1-2, compared to 78.4% in non-TNC, p=0.035). They were likely to be associated with grade 3 cancer (Hazard Ratio(HR)=5.8, p<0.001). TNC showed higher chance of visceral relapse (HR=2.69, p<0.001), liver metastasis (HR=1.7, p=0.003) and brain metastasis (HR=1.8, p=0.003). Compared with non-TNC group, TNC had similar 10-year disease-free survival (82% vs 84%, p=0.148), overall survival (78% vs 79%, p=0.238) and breast cancer-specific mortality (18% vs 16%, p=0.095). However, TNC showed poorer 10-year stage 3 and 4 specific survival (stage 3: 53% vs. 67%, p=0.010; stage 4: 0% vs. 40%, p=0.035). Conclusions: Chinese women with triple negative breast cancer do not have less aggressive biological behavior compared to the West and presentation at a later stage results in worse prognosis compared with those with non triple negative breast cancer.
Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1 Promoter-Induced JAB1 Overexpression Enhances Chemotherapeutic Sensitivity of Lung Cancer Cell Line A549 in an Anoxic Environment
Hu, Ming-Dong;Xu, Jian-Cheng;Fan, Ye;Xie, Qi-Chao;Li, Qi;Zhou, Chang-Xi;Mao, Mei;Yang, Yu 2115
The presence of lung cancer cells in anoxic zones is a key cause od chemotherapeutic resistance. Thus, it is necessary to enhance the sensitivity of such lung cancer cells. However, loss of efficient gene therapeutic targeting and inefficient objective gene expression in the anoxic zone in lung cancer are dilemmas. In the present study, a eukaryotic expression plasmid pUC57-HRE-JAB1 driven by a hypoxia response elements promoter was constructed and introduced into lung cancer cell line A549. The cells were then exposed to a chemotherapeutic drug cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (C-DDP). qRT-PCR and western blotting were used to determine the mRNA and protein level and flow cytometry to examine the cell cycle and apoptosis of A549 transfected pUC57-HRE-JAB1. The results showed that JAB1 gene in the A549 was overexpressed after the transfection, cell proliferation being arrested in G1 phase and the apoptosis ratio significantly increased. Importantly, introduction of pUC57-HRE-JAB1 significantly increased the chemotherapeutic sensitivity of A549 in an anoxic environment. In conclusion, JAB1 overexpression might provide a novel strategy to overcome chemotherapeutic resistance in lung cancer.
Potent Anticancer Effects of Lentivirus Encoding a Drosophila Melanogaster Deoxyribonucleoside Kinase Mutant Combined with Brivudine
Zhang, Nian-Qu;Zhao, Lei;Ma, Shuai;Gu, Ming;Zheng, Xin-Yu 2121
Objective: Deoxyribonucleoside kinase of Drosophila melanogaster (Dm-dNK) mutants have been reported to exert suicide gene effects in combined gene/chemotherapy of cancer. Here, we aimed to further evaluate the capacity of the mutanted enzyme and its potential for inhibiting cancer cell growth. Methods: We altered the sequence of the last 10 amino acids of Dm-dNK to perform site-directed mutagenesis and constructed active site mutanted Dm-dNK (Dm-dNKmut), RT-PCR and western bloting studies were used to reveal the expression of lentivirus mediated Dm-dNKmut in a breast cancer cell line (Bcap37), a gastric cancer cell line (SGC7901) and a colorectal cancer cell line (CCL187). [3H]-labeled substrates were used for enzyme activity assays, cell cytotoxicity was assessed by MTT assays, cell proliferation using a hemocytometer and apoptosis induction by thenannexin-V-FITC labeled FACS method. In vivo, an animal study was set out in which BALB/C nude mice bearing tumors were treated with lentivirus mediated expression of Dm-dNKmut with the pyrimidine nucleoside analog brivudine (BVDU, (E)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-(2-deoxyuridine). Results: The Dm-dNKmut could be stably expressed in the cancer cell lines and retained its enzymatic activity. Moreover, the cells expressing Dm-dNKmut exhibited increased sensitivity in combination with BVDU, with induction of apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. Conclusion: These findings underlined the importance of BVDU phosphorylated by Dm-dNKmut in transduced cancer cells and the potential role of Dm-dNKmut as a suicide gene, thus providing the basis for future intensive research for cancer therapy.
Gemcitabine-based Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy Versus Chemotherapy Alone in Patients with Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer
Wang, Bu-Hai;Cao, Wen-Miao;Yu, Jie;Wang, Xiao-Lei 2129
Objective: To explore improved treatment by retrospectively comparing survival time of gemcitabine-based concurrent chemoradiotherapy (GemRT) versus chemotherapy (Gem) alone in patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC). Methods: From January 2005 to June 2010, 56 patients with LAPC from Subei People's Hospital were treated either with Gem (n=21) or GemRT (n=35). Gem consisted of 4-6 cycles gemcitabine alone (1000 mg/m2 on Days 1, 8, 15, 28-day a cycle). GemRT consisted of 50.4Gy/28F radiotherapy with concurrent 2 cycles of gemcitabine (1000 $mg/m^2$ on days of radiation 1, 8, 15, 21-day a cycle). Radiation was delivered to the gross tumor volume plus 1-1.5 cm by use of a three-dimensional conformal technique. The follow-up time was calculated from the time of diagnosis to the date of death or last contact. Kaplan-Meier methodology wes used to evaluate survival. Results: Patient characteristics were not significantly different between treatment groups. The disease control rate and the objective response rate of GemRT versus Gem was 97.1% vs 71.4%, 74.3% vs 38.1%. The overall survival (OS) was significantly better for GemRT compared to Gem (median 13 months versus 8 months; 51.4% versus 14.3% at 1 year, respectively). Conclusion: Radiation therapy at 50.4Gy with 2 concurrent cycles of gemcitabine results in favorable rates of OS. Concurrent chemoradiotherapy should be the first choice for patients with LAPC.
G1/S-specific Cyclin-D1 Might be a Prognostic Biomarker for Patients with Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Zhang, Ying-Yao;Xu, Zhi-Na;Wang, Jun-Xi;Wei, Dong-Min;Pan, Xin-Liang 2133
Objective: To investigate the prognostic role of antigen KI-67 (Ki-67) and G1/S-specific cyclin-D1 (cyclin-D1) in patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC). Methods: Immunohistochemical staining (IHS) was used to determine the protein expression of Ki-67 and cyclin-D1 in LSCC tissues. Kaplan-Meier survival curves was calculated with reference to Ki-67 and cyclin-D1 levels. Results: Cyclin-D1 and Ki67 were expressed in the nuclei of cancer cells. Among the total of 92 cancer tissues examined by immunohistochemistry, 60 (65.22%) had cyclin-D1 overexpression and 56 (60.87%) had Ki67 overexpression. Cyclin-D1 overexpression is associated with the advanced stage of the cancer (P=0.029), but not with gender, age, stage of cancer, histological differentiation, anatomical site, smoking history and alcohol consumption history. Ki67 overexpression is not associated with the advanced stage, gender, age, histological differentiation, anatomical site, smoking history and alcohol consumption history. A statistically significant correlation was found between lymph node status and the expression of Ki67 (p = 0.025). Overexpression of cyclin-D1 was correlated to shorter relapse-free survival period (P<0.001). Conclusions: Overexpression of cyclin-D1 can be used as a marker to predict relapse in patients with LSCC after primary curative resection.
ADPRT Val762Ala and XRCC1 Arg194Trp Polymorphisms and Risk of Gastric Cancer in Sichuan of China
Wen, Yuan-Yuan;Pan, Xiong-Fei;Loh, Marie;Tian, Zhi;Yang, Shu-Juan;Lv, Si-Han;Huang, Wen-Zhi;Huang, He;Xie, Yao;Soong, Richie;Yang, Chun-Xia 2139
Objective: Gastric cancer remains a major health problem in China. We hypothesized that XRCC1 Arg194Trp and ADPRT Val762Ala may be associated with risk. Methods: We designed a multicenter 1:1 matched case-control study of 307 pairs of gastric cancers and controls between October 2010 and August 2011. XRCC1 Arg194Trp and ADPRT Val762Ala were sequenced, and demographic data as well as lifestyle factors were collected using a self-designed questionnaire. Results: Individuals carrying XRCC1 Trp/Trp or Arg/Trp variant genotype had a significantly increased risk of gastric cancer (OR, 1.718; 95% CI, 1.190-2.479), while the OR for ADPRT Val762Ala variant genotype (Ala/Ala or Val/Ala) was 1.175 (95% CI, 0.796-1.737). No gene-gene or gene-environment interactions were found. In addition, family history of cancer and drinkers proportion were higher among cases than among controls (P<0.05). Conclusions: XRCC1 194 Arg/Trp or Trp/Trp genotype, family history of cancer, and drinking are suspected risk factors of gastric cancer from our study. Our findings may offer insight into further similar large gene-environment and gene-gene studies in this region.
PBK/TOPK Expression During TPA-Induced HL-60 Leukemic Cell Differentiation
Liu, Yu-Hong;Gao, Xue-Mei;Ge, Fan-Mei;Wang, Zhe;Wang, Wen-Qing;Li, Xiao-Yong 2145
Objective: This study concerns expression of PBK/TOPK during differentiation of HL-60 leukemic cells induced by tetradecanoyl phorbol acetate (TPA). Methods: Wright-Giemsa staining was performed to observe morphological changes in the HL-60 cells, and flow cytometry was used to assess the cell cycle and CD11b, CD14, CD13, and CD33 expression. PBK/TOPK levels were determined by Western blot analysis. Results: After treating HL60 cells with $5.1{\times}10^{-9}$ mmol/L of TPA for three days, the number of nitroblue-tetrazolium-positive cells and CD11b, CD13, and CD14 expression increased, whereas the PBK/TOPK levels decreased. Conclusions: TPA can inhibit proliferation and induce differentiation of HL60 cells of the granulocytic or monocytic lineage. PBK/TOPK expression was downregulated during this process, whereas the Pho-PBK/TOPK expression was increased.
Prostate Biomarkers with Reference to Body Mass Index and Duration of Prostate Cancer
Poudel, Bibek;Mittal, Ankush;Shrestha, Rojeet;Nepal, Ashwini Kumar;Shukla, Pramod Shanker 2149
Objective: This study was performed to assess prostate biomarkers with reference to body mass index and duration of prostate cancer. Materials and Methods: A hospital based retrospective study was undertaken using data retrieved from the register maintained in the Department of Biochemistry of Manipal Teaching Hospital, Pokhara, Nepal between $1^{st}$ January, 2009 and $28^{th}$ February, 2012. Biomarkers studied were prostate specific antigen (PSA), acid phosphatase (ACP) and prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (${\gamma}GT$). Demographic data including age, duration of disease, body weight, height and body mass index (BMI) were also collected. Duration of disease was categorized into three groups: <1 year, 1-2years and >2 years. Similarly, BMI ($kg/m^2$) was categorized into three groups: <23 $kg/m^2$, 23-25 $kg/m^2$ and >25 $kg/m^2$. Descriptive statistics and testing of hypothesis were used for the analysis using EPI INFO and SPSS 16 software. Results: Out of 57 prostate cancers, serum level of PSA, ACP and PAP were increased above the cut-off point in 50 (87.5%), 30 (52.63%) and 40 (70.18%) respectively. Serum levels of PSA, ACP and PAP significantly declined with the duration of disease after diagnosis. We observed significant and inverse relation between PSA and BMI. Similar non-signficiant tendencies were apparent for ACP and PAP. Conclusions: Decreasing levels of prostate biomarkers were found with the duration of prostate cancer and with increased BMI. Out of prostate biomarkers, PSA was found to be significantly decreased with the duration of disease and BMI.
Liver Involvement in Multiple Myeloma: A Hospital Based Retrospective Study
Poudel, Bibek;Mittal, Ankush;Shrestha, Rojeet;Farooqui, Mohammad Shamim;Yadav, Naval Kishor;Shukla, Pramod Shanker 2153
Objective: This study was to assess liver involvement in multiple myeloma with the aid of liver function tests. Materials and Methods: A hospital based retrospective study was undertaken using data retrieved of multiple myeloma from the register maintained in the Department of Biochemistry of the Manipal Teaching Hospital, Pokhara, Nepal between $1^{st}$ January, 2007 and $28^{th}$ February, 2012. We collected biomarkers of liver profiles including bilirubin (Total, Direct and Indirect), total protein, albumin, AG ratio, SGOT, SGPT, ALP, ${\gamma}GT$, LDH, ferritin, renal profile and hematological profile. Descriptive statistics and testing of hypothesis were used for the analysis using EPI INFO and SPSS 16 software. Results: Out of 37 cases of multiple myeloma, serum level of AST, ALT, ALP, ${\gamma}GT$ and LDH were increased above the cut-off point in 22 (59.5%), 24 (64.86%), 13 (35.13%), 9 (24.3%) and 11 (29.7%) respectively. The mean values of AST ($65.5{\pm}28.18$ U/L), ALT ($68.37{\pm}29.74$ U/L), ALP ($328.0{\pm}148.4$ U/L), ${\gamma}GT$ ($44.5{\pm}29.6$ U/L) and LDH ($361.7{\pm}116.5$ U/L), total protein ($9.79{\pm}1.03$ gm/dl) were significantly increased when compared with controls. In contrast, albumin ($3.68{\pm}0.43$ gm/dl) and the AG ratio ($0.62{\pm}0.15$) were significantly decreased. Similarly, anemia, hyperuricemia, azotemia, hypercalcaemia and Bence Jones proteinuria were found in 30 (78.9%), 27 (71.1%), 19 (51.5%), 15 (39.5%) and 16 (42.1%) respectively, in cases of multiple myeloma. Conclusions: While clinical manifestation of liver disease among the multiple myeloma was not common, abnormalities in liver function were characteristic.
Genetic Variants in the PI3K/PTEN/AKT/mTOR Pathway Predict Platinum-based Chemotherapy Response of Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancers in a Chinese Population
Xu, Jia-Li;Wang, Zhen-Wu;Hu, Ling-Min;Yin, Zhi-Qiang;Huang, Ming-De;Hu, Zhi-Bin;Shen, Hong-Bing;Shu, Yong-Qian 2157
Objective: The PI3K/PTEN/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway has been implicated in resistance to cisplatin. In the current study, we determined whether common genetic variations in this pathway are associated with platinum-based chemotherapy response and clinical outcome in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Methods: Seven common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in core genes of this pathway were genotyped in 199 patients and analyzed for associations with chemotherapy response, progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Results: Logistic regression analysis revealed an association between AKT1 rs2494752 and response to treatment. Patients carrying heterozygous AG had an increased risk of disease progression after two cycles of platinum-based chemotherapy compared to those with AA genotype (Adjusted odds ratio (OR)=2.18, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.00-4.77, which remained significant in the stratified analyses). However, log-rank test and cox regression detected no association between these polymorphisms in the PI3K pathway genes and survival in advanced NSCLC patients. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that genetic variants in the PI3K/PTEN/AKT/mTOR pathway may predict platinum-based chemotherapy response in advanced NSCLC patients in a Chinese population.
Development and Area Adaptation of Flow Charts Related to Gynecologic Oncology Nursing Practices
Beydag, Kerime Derya;Komurcu, Nuran 2163
Aim: This one group semi-experimental study was performed to develop and adapt flow charts of nursing practices applied to gynecologic oncology patients to the field. Methods: The research was conducted between October 2008 and March 2009 in 6 hospitals in Istanbul (3 health ministry hospitals, 2 private hospitals and 1 university hospital) with effective programs. The scope of the study included 97 midwives/nurses who had been working as caregivers of gynecologic oncology patients in this unit at least for 6 months and who participated in this study voluntarily; 87 people composed the sample because of the absence of others on vacation or sick leave when the data were collected or who did not wish to participate. The data were in descriptive information form collected via "Forms to Determine the Efficiency of Flow Charts". Before data collection, risks related to gynecologic oncology problems were identified, a literature scanning was made for existing flow charts based on actual practices and the discovered charts were reviewed. As a result of the evaluations, it was decided to create 15 flow charts intended for risks, symptoms, operation processes and discharge. Questionnaires to determine activity were applied to participants before and after practice. Results: As a result of the study, it was determined that the efficiency of the flow charts increased significantly (p <0.01) after practice of the participants, nosignificant relationships (p>0.01) being apparent with age group, education level, occupational period in the job and in the gynecologic oncology field and evaluations of the practice before and after it was applied. Conclusion: The results of the study revealed that nursing participants in university and private hospitals and who supported the existence of a flow chart in the field evaluated the flow charts positively.
Improved Diagnostic Accuracy of Pancreatic Diseases with a Combination of Various Novel Serum Biomarkers - Case Control Study from Manipal Teaching Hospital, Pokhara, Nepal
Farooqui, Mohammad Shamim;Mittal, Ankush;Poudel, Bibek;Mall, Suhas Kumar;Sathian, Brijesh;Tarique, Mohammad;Farooqui, Mohammad Hibban 2171
Background: Pancreatic cancer is a distressing disease with a miserable prospects and early recognition remains a challenge due to ubiquitous symptomatic presentation, deep anatomical location, and aggressive etiology. False positives and problems in distinguishing pancreatitis from adenocarcinoma limit the use of CA 19-9 as both disorders can present with similar symptoms and share radiographic physiognomies. This study aimed to assess the relative increase in accuracy of diagnosing the patients with chronic pancreatitis, benign neoplasm of pancreas and adenocarcinomas with CA 19-9, haptoglobin, and serum amyloid A in comparison to CA 19-9 alone. Materials and Methods: This hospital based case control study was carried out in the Departments of Medicine and Biochemistry of Manipal Teaching Hospital, Pokhara, Nepal, between $1^{st}$ January 2010 and $31^{st}$ December 2011. The variables assessed were age, gender, serum CA19-9, serum haptoglobulin, serum Amyloid A. The data were analyzed using Excel 2003, R 2.8.0 Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) for Windows Version 16.0 (SPSS Inc; Chicago, IL, USA) and the EPI Info 3.5.1 Windows Version. Results: Out of 197 cases of pancreatic disease, maximum number of assumed cases were of adenocarcinoma of pancreas (95). Number of males (59) were more than females (36) in assumed cases of adenocarcinoma of pancreas. The mean values of CA19-9 raised considerably in cases of chronic pancreatitis, benign neoplasm and adenocarcinoma of pancreas when compared to controls. The highest augmention in CA19-9 values were in cases of adenocarcinoma of pancreas. The p-value indicates that in cases of chronic pancreatitis, there was not significant increase in precision of diagnosis. Conclusions: These statistics established that haptoglobin and SAA are useful in discriminating cancer from benign conditions as well as healthy controls.
Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinase-2, but not Caspase-3, Facilitates Distinction between Benign and Malignant Thyroid Follicular Neoplasms
Sanii, Sanaz;Saffar, Hiva;Tabriz, Hedieh M.;Qorbani, Mostafa;Haghpanah, Vahid;Tavangar, Seyed M. 2175
Purpose: Definite diagnosis of follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) is based on the presence of capsular or vascular invasion. To date, no reliable and practical method has been introduced to discriminate this malignant neoplasm from follicular thyroid adenoma (FTA) in fine needle aspiration biopsy material. Matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), by degrading extracellular matrix, and caspase-3, by induction of apoptosis, have been shown to play important roles in carcinogenesis and aggressive behavior in many tumor types. The aim of this study was to examine expression of MMP-2 and caspase-3 in thyroid follicular neoplasms and to determine their usefulness for differential diagnosis. Method: Sixty FTAs and 41 FTCs were analysed immunohistochemically for MMP-2 and caspase-3. Result: MMP-2 was positive in 4 FTCs (9.8%), but in none of FTAs, with statistical significance (p= 0.025). Caspase-3 was positive in 30 (50%) of FTAs and in 27 (65.9%) of FTCs. Conclusion: Our results show MMP-2 expression only in FTCs and suggest that this protein may be a useful marker to confirm diagnosis of FTC versus FTA with 100% specificity and 100% predictive value of a positive test. We failed to show any differential diagnostic value for caspase-3 in thyroid follicular neoplasms.
Reproductive Variables and Risk of Breast Malignant and Benign Tumours in Yunnan Province, China
Yanhua, Che;Geater, Alan;You, Jing;Li, Li;Shaoqiang, Zhou;Chongsuvivatwong, Virasakdi;Sriplung, Hutcha 2179
Introduction and aim: To compare reproductive factor influence on patients with pathological diagnosed malignant and benign tumor in the Breast Department, The First Peoples' Hospital of Kunming in Yunnan province, China. Methods: A hospital-based case-control study was conducted on 263 breast cancer (BC) cases and 457 non-breast cancer controls from 2009 to 2011. The cases and controls information on demographics, medical history, and reproductive characteristics variables were collected using a self-administered questionnaire and routine medical records. Histology of breast cancer tissue and benign breast lesion were documented by pathology reports. Since some variables in data analysis had zero count in at least one category, binomial-response GLM using the bias-reduction method was applied to estimate OR's and their 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). To adjust for age and menopause status, a compound variable comprising age and menopausal status was retained in the statistical models. Results: multivariate model analysis revealed significant independent positive associations of BC with short menstrual cycle, old age at first live birth, never breastfeeding, history of oral contraception experience, increased number of abortion, postmenopausal status, and nulliparity. Categorised by age and menopausal status, perimenopausal women had about 3-fold and postmenopausal women had more than 5-fold increased risk of BC compared to premenopausal women. Discussion and Conclusion: This study has confirmed the significant association of BC and estrogen related risk factors of breast cancer including longer menstrual cycle, older age of first live birth, never breastfeeding, nulliparity, and number of abortions more than one. The findings suggest that female hormonal factors, especially the trend of menopause status play a significant role in the development of BC in Yunnan women.
Prevalence and Pathogenesis of Barrett's Esophagus in Luoyang, China
Zhang, Ru-Gang;Wang, Chang-Song;Gao, Cun-Fang 2185
Background: Prevalence of Barrett's esophagus (BE) in Luoyang, China, has not been reported, and its pathogenesis is controversial. The aim of this study was therefore to investigate the prevalence of BE and its underlying factors in the city of Luoyang. Method: This was a prospective study in one center. Many patients were analyzed using endoscopy who showed upper gastrointestinal symptoms between August 2006 and June 2007. In addition, the effect of apoptosis-related proteins and heat shock proteins upon BE's pathogenesis were also investigated by an immunohistochemical protocol. Results: Prevalence of BE was at 4.55% and the mean age of those affected was about 10 years older than for esophagitis. Typical reflux symptoms were significantly lower than with esophagitis, whereas signs of caspase-3 and HSP105 elevation were significantly higher. Expression of TERT, HSP70 and $HSP90{\alpha}$ in BE cases was significantly lower than in esophagitis. However, there was no statistical difference between the two groups in expression of HSP27. Conclusions: The prevalence of BE is high in Luoyang, which could result from esophagitis despite typical reflux symptoms being relatively uncommon. Initiation and development of BE might be the result of accelerated proliferation, apoptosis and differentiation of original cells to intestinal epithelium.
Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase C677T Polymorphism and Cervical Cancer Risk: a Meta-Analysis
Guo, Li-Na 2193
Background: Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) is a key enzyme in the metabolism of folate, and the role of MTHFR C677T polymorphism in cervical carcinogenesis is still controversial. Method: We performed a meta-analysis of all relevant case-control studies that examined any association between the C677T polymorphism and cervical cancer risk. We estimated summary odds ratios (ORs) with their confidence intervals (CIs) to assess links. Results: Finally, 10 studies with a total of 2113 cervical cancer cases and 2804 controls were included. Results from this meta-analysis showed that significantly elevated cervical cancer risk was associated with the MTHFR T allele in the Asian population under conditions of two genetic comparison models (for TT vs. CC, OR = 1.37, 95%CI 1.00-1.87, P = 0.050; for TT vs. TC+CC: OR = 1.34, 95%CI 1.01-1.77, P = 0.039). However, there was no obvious association between the MTHFR C677T polymorphism and cervical cancer risk in the other populations. Conclusion: The MTHFR C677T polymorphism is associated with cervical cancer risk in Asians, while any possible link in the Caucasian population needs further studies.
Interactions Between MTHFR C677T - A1298C Variants and Folic Acid Deficiency Affect Breast Cancer Risk in a Chinese Population
Wu, Xia-Yu;Ni, Juan;Xu, Wei-Jiang;Zhou, Tao;Wang, Xu 2199
Background: Our objective was to evaluate the MTHFR C677T-A1298C polymorphisms in patients with breast cancer and in individuals with no history of cancer, to compare the levels of genetic damage and apoptosis under folic acid (FA) deficiency between patients and controls, and to assess associations with breast cancer. Methods: Genetic damage was marked by micronucleated binucleated cells (MNBN) and apoptosis was estimated by cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay (CBMN). PCR-RFLP molecular analysis was carried out. Results: The results showed significant associations between the MTHFR 677TT or the combined MTHFR C677T-A1298C and breast cancer risk (OR = 2.51, CI = 0.85 to 7.37, p = 0.08; OR = 4.11, CI = 0.78 to 21.8, p < 0.001). The MNBN from the combined MTHFR C677T-A1298C was higher and the apoptosis was lower than that of the single variants (p < 0.05). At 15 to 60 nmol/L FA, the MNBN in cases with the TTAC genotype was higher than controls (p < 0.05), whereas no significant difference in apoptosis was found between the cases and controls after excluding the genetic background. Conclusions: Associations between the combined MTHFR C677T-A1298C polymorphism and breast cancer are possible from this study. A dose of 120 nmol/L FA could enhance apoptosis in cases with MTHFR C677T-A1298C. Breast cancer individuals with the TTAC genotype may be more sensitive to the genotoxic effects of FA deficiency than controls.
4-(Methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone Induces Retinoic Acid Receptor β Hypermethylation through DNA Methyltransferase 1 Accumulation in Esophageal Squamous Epithelial Cells
Wang, Jing;Zhao, Shu-Lei;Li, Yan;Meng, Mei;Qin, Cheng-Yong 2207
Overexpression of DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) has been detected in many cancers. Tobacco exposure is known to induce genetic and epigenetic changes in the pathogenesis of malignancy. 4-(Methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) is an important carcinogen present in tobacco smoke; however the detailed molecular mechanism of how NNK induces esophageal carcinogenesis is still unclear. We found that DNMT1 was overexpressed in ESCC tissues compared with paired non-cancerous tissues, the overexpression being correlated with smoking status and low expression of $RAR{\beta}$. The latter could be upregulated by NNK treatment in Het-1A cells, and the increased DNMT1 expression level reflected promoter hypermethylation and downregulation of retinoic acid receptor ${\beta}$($RAR{\beta}$). RNA interference mediated knockdown of DNMT1 resulted in promoter demethylation and upregulation of $RAR{\beta}$ in KYSE30 and TE-1 cells. 3-(4,5-Dimethyl-thiazol-2yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and flow cytometric analysis demonstrated that NNK treatment in Het-1A cells could enhance cell proliferation and inhibit cell apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. In conclusion, DNMT1 overexpression is correlated with smoking status and low expression of $RAR{\beta}$ in esophageal SCC patients. NNK could induce $RAR{\beta}$ promoter hypermethylation through upregulation of DNMT1 in esophageal squamous epithelial cells, finally leading to enhancement of cell proliferation and inhibition of apoptosis.
Who are the Breast Cancer Survivors in Malaysia?
Ibrahim, Nor Idawaty;Dahlui, M.;Aina, E.N.;Al-Sadat, N. 2213
Introduction: Worldwide, breast cancer is the commonest cause of cancer death in women. However, the survival rate varies across regions at averages of 73%and 57% in the developed and developing countries, respectively. Objective: This study aimed to determine the survival rate of breast cancer among the women of Malaysia and characteristics of the survivors. Method: A retrospective cohort study was conducted on secondary data obtained from the Breast Cancer Registry and medical records of breast cancer patients admitted to Hospital Kuala Lumpur from 2005 to 2009. Survival data were validated with National Birth and Death Registry. Statistical analysis applied logistic regression, the Cox proportional hazard model, the Kaplan-Meier method and log rank test. Results: A total of 868 women were diagnosed with breast cancer between January 2005 and December 2009, comprising 58%, 25% and 17% Malays, Chinese and Indians, respectively. The overall survival rate was 43.5% (CI 0.573-0.597), with Chinese, Indians and Malays having 5 year survival rates of 48.2% (CI 0.444-0.520), 47.2% (CI 0.432-0.512) and 39.7% (CI 0.373-0.421), respectively (p<0.05). The survival rate was lower as the stages increased, with the late stages were mostly seen among the Malays (46%), followed by Chinese (36%) and Indians (34%). Size of tumor>3.0cm; lymph node involvement, ERPR, and HER 2 status, delayed presentation and involvement of both breasts were among other factors that were associated with poor survival. Conclusions: The overall survival rate of Malaysian women with breast cancer was lower than the western figures with Malays having the lowest because they presented at late stage, after a long duration of symptoms, had larger tumor size, and had more lymph nodes affected. There is an urgent need to conduct studies on why there is delay in diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer women in Malaysia.
Elevated Circulating CD19+ Lymphocytes Predict Survival Advantage in Patients with Gastric Cancer
Yu, Qi-Ming;Yu, Chuan-Ding;Ling, Zhi-Qiang 2219
Background: Circulating lymphocyte subsets reflect the immunological status and might therefore be a prognostic indicator in cancer patients. Our aim was to evaluate the clinical significance of circulating lymphocyte subset in gastric cancer (GC) cases. Methods: A retrospective study on a prevalent cohort of 846 GC patients hospitalized at Hospital from Aug 2006 to Jul 2010 was conducted. We calculated the patient's disease free survival (DFS) after first hospital admission, and hazard ratios (HR) from the Cox proportional hazards model. Results: Our findings indicated a significantly decreased percentage of CD3+, and CD8+ cells, a significantly increased proportion of $CD4^+$, $CD19^+$, $CD44^+$, $CD25^+$, NK cells, and an increased $CD4^+/CD8^+$ ratio in GC patients as compared with healthy controls (all P < 0.05). Alteration of lymphocyte subsets was positively correlated with sex, age, smoking, tumor stage and distant metastasis of GC patients (all P<0.05). Follow-up analysis indicated significantly higher DFS for patients with high circulating $CD19^+$ lymphocytes compared to those with low $CD19^+$ lymphocytes (P=0.037), with $CD19^+$ showing an important cutoff of $7.91{\pm}2.98%$ Conclusion: Circulating lymphocyte subsets in GC patients are significantly changed, and elevated CD19+ cells may predict a favorable survival.
Ifosfamide and Doxorubicin Combination Chemotherapy for Recurrent Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Patients
Dede, Didem Sener;Aksoy, Sercan;Cengiz, Mustafa;Gullu, Ibrahim;Altundag, Kadri 2225
Background: We assessed the efficacy and toxicity of ifosfamide and doxorubicin combination chemotherapy (CT) regimen retrospectively in Turkish patients with recurrent or metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) previously treated with platinum-based chemotherapy. Methods: A total of thirty patients who had received cisplatin based chemotherapy/chemoradiotherapy as a primary treatment received ifosfamide 2500 $mg/m^2$ days 1-3, mesna 2500 $mg/m^2$ days 1-3, doxorubicin 60 mg/m2 day 1 (IMA), repeated every 21 days. Eligible patients had ECOG PS< 2, measurable recurrent or metastatic disease, with adequate renal, hepatic and hematologic functions. Results: Median age was 47 (min-max; 17-60). Twenty six (86.7 %) were male. Median cycles of chemotherapy for each patient were 2 (range:1-6). Twenty patients were evaluable for toxicity and response. No patient achieved complete response, with nine partial responses for a response rate of 30.0% in evaluable patients. Stable disease, and disease progression were observed in five (16.7%) and six (20.0%) patients, respectively. Clinical benefit was 46.7%. Median time to progression was 4.0 months. Six patients had neutropenic fever after IMA regimen and there were one treatment-related death due to tumor lysis syndrome in first cycle of the CT. No cardiotoxicity was observed after CT and treatments were generally well tolerated. Conclusion: Ifosfomide and doxorubicin combination is an effective regimen for patients with recurrent and metastatic NPC. For NPC patients demonstrating failure of cisplatin based regimens, this CT combination may be considered as salvage therapy.
A Novel Molecular Grading Model: Combination of Ki67 and VEGF in Predicting Tumor Recurrence and Progression in Non-invasive Urothelial Bladder Cancer
Chen, Jun-Xing;Deng, Nan;Chen, Xu;Chen, Ling-Wu;Qiu, Shao-Peng;Li, Xiao-Fei;Li, Jia-Ping 2229
Purpose: To assess efficacy of Ki67 combined with VEGF as a molecular grading model to predict outcomes with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). Materials: 72 NMIBC patients who underwent transurethral resection (TUR) followed by routine intravesical instillations were retrospectively analyzed in this study. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to confirm the prognostic values of the Ki67 labeling index (LI) and VEGF scoring for tumor recurrence and progression. Results: The novel molecular grading model for NMIBC contained three molecular grades including mG1 (Ki67 $LI{\leq}25%$, VEGF $scoring{\leq}8$), mG2 (Ki67 LI>25%, VEGF $scoring{\leq}8$; or Ki67 $LI{\leq}25%$, VEGF scoring > 8), and mG3 (Ki67 LI > 25%, VEGF scoring > 8), which can indicate favorable, intermediate and poor prognosis, respectively. Conclusions: The described novel molecular grading model utilizing Ki67 LI and VEGF scoring is helpful to effectively and accurately predict outcomes and optimize personal therapy.
c-Src Antisense Complexed with PAMAM Denderimes Decreases of c-Src Expression and EGFR-Dependent Downstream Genes in the Human HT-29 Colon Cancer Cell Line
Nourazarian, Ali Reza;Pashaei-Asl, Roghiyeh;Omidi, Yadollah;Najar, Ahmad Gholamhoseinian 2235
c-Src is one member of non-receptor tyrosine kinase protein family that has over expression and activation in many human cancer cells. It has been shown that c-Src is implicated in various downstream signaling pathways associated with EGFR-dependent signaling such as MAPK and STAT5 pathways. Transactivation of EGFR by c-Src is more effective than EGFR ligands. To inhibit the c-Src expression, we used c-Src antisense oligonucleotide complexed with PAMAM Denderimes. The effect of c-Src antisense oligonucleotide on HT29 cell proliferation was determined by MTT assay. Then, the expression of c-Src, EGFR and the genes related to EGFR-depended signaling with P53 was applied by real time PCR. We used western blot analysis to elucidate the effect of antisense on the level of c-Src protein expression. The results showed, c-Src antisense complexed with PAMAM denderimers has an effective role in decrease of c-Src expression and EGFR-dependent downstream genes.
What Made Her Give Up Her Breasts: a Qualitative Study on Decisional Considerations for Contralateral Prophylactic Mastectomy among Breast Cancer Survivors Undergoing BRCA1/2 Genetic Testing
Kwong, Ava;Chu, Annie T.W. 2241
Objective: This qualitative study retrospectively examined the experience and psychological impact of contralateral prophylactic mastectomy (CPM) among Southern Chinese females with unilateral breast cancer history who underwent BRCA1/2 genetic testing. Limited knowledge is available on this topic especially among Asians; therefore, the aim of this study was to acquire insight from Chinese females' subjective perspectives. Methods: A total of 12 semi-structured in-depth interviews, with 11 female BRCA1/BRCA 2 mutated gene carriers and 1 non-carrier with a history of one-sided breast cancer and genetic testing performed by the Hong Kong Hereditary Breast Cancer Family Registry, who subsequently underwent CPM, were assessed using thematic analysis and a Stage Conceptual Model. Breast cancer history, procedures conducted, cosmetic satisfaction, pain, body image and sexuality issues, and cancer risk perception were discussed. Retrieval of medical records using a prospective database was also performed. Results: All participants opted for prophylaxis due to their reservations concerning the efficacy of surveillance and worries of recurrent breast cancer risk. Most participants were satisfied with the overall results and their decision. One-fourth expressed different extents of regrets. Psychological relief and decreased breast cancer risk were stated as major benefits. Spouses' reactions and support were crucial for post-surgery sexual satisfaction and long-term adjustment. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that thorough education on cancer risk and realistic expectations of surgery outcomes are crucial for positive adjustment after CPM. Appropriate genetic counseling and pre-and post-surgery psychological counseling were necessary. This study adds valuable contextual insights into the experiences of living with breast cancer fear and the importance of involving spouses when counseling these patients.
MTHFR Polymorphisms and Pancreatic Cancer Risk:Lack of Evidence from a Meta-analysis
Li, Lei;Wu, Sheng-Di;Wang, Ji-Yao;Shen, Xi-Zhong;Jiang, Wei 2249
Objective: Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene polymorphisms have been reported to be associated with pancreatic cancer, but the published studies had yielded inconsistent results.We therefore performed the present meta-analysis. Methods: A search of Google scholar, PubMed, Cochrane Library and CNKI databases before April 2012 was conducted to summarize associations of MTHFR polymorphisms with pancreatic cancer risk. Assessment was with odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Publication bias were also calculated. Results: Four relative studies on MTHFR gene polymorphisms (C667T and A1298C) were involved in this meta-analysis. Overall, C667T(TT vs. CC : OR = 1.61, 95%CI = 0.78 - 3.34; TT vs. CT : OR = 1.41, 95%CI = 0.88-2.25; dominant model: OR = 0.68, 95%CI = 0.40-1.17; recessive model: OR = 0.82, 95%CI = 0.52-1.30) and A1298C(CC vs. AA:OR=1.01, 95%CI=0.47-2.17; CC vs. AC: OR=0.99,95%CI=0.46-2.14; dominant model: OR=1.01, 95%CI = 0.47-2.20; recessive model: OR = 1.01, 95%CI = 0.80-1.26) did not increase pancreatic cancer risk. Conclusion: This meta-analysis indicated that MTHFR polymorphisms (C667T and A1298C) were not associated with pancreatic cancer risk.
Serum Amyloid A as an Independent Prognostic Factor for Renal Cell Carcinoma - A Hospital Based Study from the Western Region of Nepal
Mittal, Ankush;Poudel, Bibek;Pandeya, Dipendra Raj;Gupta, Satrudhan Pd;Sathian, Brijesh;Yadav, Shambhu Kumar 2253
Objective: The objective of our present study was to assess the role of serum amyloid A (SAA) in stages and prognosis of renal cell carcinoma. Material and Methods: It was a hospital based retrospective study carried out in the Department of Medicine and Biochemistry of Manipal Teaching Hospital, Pokhara, Nepal between $1^{st}$ January 2008 and $31^{st}$ December 2011. The variables collected were SAA, CRP. Approval for the study was obtained from the institutional research ethical committee. Quantitative analysis of human SAA and C-reactive protein (CRP) was performed by radial immune diffusion (RID) assay for all cases. Results: Of the 422 total cases of renal cell carcinoma, 218 patients had normal and 204 abnormal SAA. SAA levels were grossly elevated in T3 stage ($122.3{\pm}SD35.7$) when compared to the mean for the T2 stage ($84.2{\pm}SD24.4$) (p value: 0.0001). Similarly, SAA levels were grossly elevated in M1 stage ($190.0{\pm}SD12.7$) when compared to the M0 stage ($160.9{\pm}SD24.8$) (p: 0.0001). There was no significant association with elevated CRP levels ($209.1{\pm}SD22.7$, normal $199.0{\pm}SD19.5$). Conclusion: The validity of SAA in serum as being of independent prognostic significance in RCC was demonstrated with higher levels in advanced stage disease.
Effects of Pinocembrin on the Initiation and Promotion Stages of Rat Hepatocarcinogenesis
Punvittayagul, Charatda;Pompimon, Wilart;Wanibuchi, Hideki;Fukushima, Shoji;Wongpoomchai, Rawiwan 2257
Pinocembrin (5, 7-dihydroxyflavanone) is a flavanone extracted from the rhizome of Boesenbergia pandurata. Our previous studies demonstrated that pinocembrin had no toxicity or mutagenicity in rats. We here evaluated its effects on the initiation and promotion stages in diethylnitrosamine-induced rat hepatocarcinogenesis, using short- and medium-term carcinogenicity tests. Micronucleated hepatocytes and liver glutathione-S-transferase placental form foci were used as end point markers. Pinocembrin was neither mutagenic nor carcinogenic in rat liver, and neither inhibited nor prevented micronucleus formation as well as GST-P positive foci formation induced by diethylnitrosamine. Interestingly, pinocembrin slightly increased the number of GST-P positive foci when given prior to diethylnitrosamine injection.
miR-181b as a Potential Molecular Target for Anticancer Therapy of Gastric Neoplasms
Guo, Jian-Xin;Tao, Qing-Song;Lou, Peng-Rong;Chen, Xiao-Chun;Chen, Jun;Yuan, Guang-Bo 2263
Objective: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play important roles in carcinogenesis. The aim of the present study was to explore the effects of miR-181b on gastric cancer. Methods: The expression level of miR-181b was quantified by qRT-PCR. MTT, flow cytometry and matrigel invasion assays were used to test proliferation, apoptosis and invasion of miR-181b stable transfected gastric cancer cells. Results: miR-181b was aberrantly overexpressed in gastric cancer cells and primary gastric cancer tissues. Further experiments demonstrated inducible expression of miR-181b by Helicobacter pylori treatment. Cell proliferation, migration and invasion in the gastric cancer cells were significantly increased after miR-181b transfection and apoptotic cells were also increased. Furthermore, overexpression of miR-181b downregulated the protein level of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 3 (TIMP3). Conclusion: The upregulation of miR-181b may play an important role in the progress of gastric cancer and miR-181b maybe a potential molecular target for anticancer therapeutics of gastric cancer.
Health-promoting Lifestyle Behaviour for Cancer Prevention: a Survey of Turkish University Students
Ay, Semra;Yanikkerem, Emre;Calim, Selda Ildan;Yazici, Mete 2269
Background: Health risks associated with unhealthy behaviours in adolescent and university students contribute to the development of health problems in later life. During the past twenty years, there has been a dramatic increase in public, private, and professional interest in preventing disability and death through changes in lifestyle and participation in screening programs. The aim of the study was to evaluate university students' health-promoting lifestyle behaviour for cancer prevention. Method: This study was carried out on university students who had education in sports, health and social areas in Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey. The health-promoting lifestyles of university students were measured with the "health-promoting lifestyle profile (HPLP)" The survey was conducted from March 2011 to July 2011 and the study sample consisted of 1007 university students. T-test, ANOVA and multiple regression analyses were used for statistical analyses. Results: In the univariate analyses, the overall HPLP score was significantly related to students' school, sex, age, school grades, their status of received health education lessons, place of birth, longest place of residence, current place of residence, health insurance, family income, alcohol use, their status in sports, and self-perceived health status. Healthier behaviour was found in those students whose parents had higher secondary degrees, and in students who had no siblings. In the multiple regression model, healthier behaviour was observed in Physical Education and Sports students, fourth-year students, those who exercised regularly, had a good self-perceived health status, who lived with their family, and who had received health education lessons. Conclusion: In general, in order to ensure cancer prevention and a healthy life style, social, cultural and sportive activities should be encouraged and educational programmes supporting these goals should be designed and applied in all stages of life from childhood through adulthood.
Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Malaysian Medical and Pharmacy Students Towards Human Papillomavirus Vaccination
Rashwan, Hesham H.;Saat, Nur Zakiah N. Mohd;Manan, Dahlia Nadira Abd 2279
Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections and oncogenic HPV is the main cause of cervical cancer. However, HPV vaccination is already available as the primary preventive method against cervical cancer. The objective of this study was to determine the level of knowledge, attitude and practice of HPV vaccination among Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) and Universiti Malaya (UM) students. This study was conducted from March until August 2009. Pre-tested and validated questionnaires were filled by the third year UKM (n=156) and UM (n=149) students from medical, dentistry and pharmacy faculties. The results showed that the overall level of knowledge on HPV infection, cervical cancer and its prevention among respondents was high and the majority of them had positive attitude towards HPV vaccination. Medical students had the highest level of knowledge (p<0.05). Very few students (3.6%) had already taken the vaccine with no significant difference between the two Universities (p=0.399). In conclusion, the knowledge and attitude of the respondents were high and positive, respectively. Only few students took HPV vaccination. Thus, more awareness campaigns and HPV vaccination services should be provided at universities' campuses with the price of the HPV vaccine reduced for the students.
Multidrug Resistance-Associated Protein 1 Predicts Relapse in Iranian Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Mahjoubi, Frouzandeh;Akbari, Soodeh 2285
Multidrug resistance (MDR) is a main cause of failure in the chemotherapeutic treatment of malignant disorders. One of the well-known genes responsible for drug resistance encodes the multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP1). The association of MRP1 with clinical drug resistance has not systematically been investigated in Iranian pediatric leukemia patients. We therefore applied real-time RT-PCR technology to study the association between the MRP1 gene and MDR phenotype in Iranian pediatric leukemia patients. We found that overexpression of MRP1 occurred in most Iranian pediatric leukemia patients at relapse. However, no relation between MRP1 mRNA levels and other clinical characteristics, including cytogenetic subgroups and FAB subtypes, was found.
Evaluation of Dietary and Life-Style Habits of Patients with Gastric Cancer: A Case-Control Study in Turkey
Yassibas, Emine;Arslan, Perihan;Yalcin, Suayib 2291
Objective: Gastric cancer is an important public health problem in the world and Turkey. In addition to Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), smoking, alcohol consumption and family history, certain dietary factors have been associated with its occurrence. The impact of dietary habits and life-style factors on the risk of gastric cancer in Turkey were evaluated in this study. Design: A questionnaire was applied to 106 patients with gastric adenocarcinoma and 106 controls without cancer matched for age (range 28-85 years) and gender selected from a hospital based population. Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated with logistic regression analysis. Results: The incidence of H. pylori was 81.3% in patients. Frequent consumption of salty dishes, very salty foods like pickles, soup mixes, sausages, foods at hot temperature (ORs = 3.686, 7.784, 5.264, 3.148 and 3.273 respectively) and adding salt without tasting (OR = 4.198) were associated with increased gastric risk. Also heavy smoking and high amount of alcohol consumption (p = 0.000) were risk factors. Frequent consumption of green vegetables, onion, garlic and dried fruits (ORs = 0.569, 0.092, 0.795 and 0.041) was nonsignificantly associated with decreased risk. Conclusion: Improved dietary habits, reducing salt consumption and eradication of H. pylori infection may provide protection against gastric cancer in Turkey.
Detection of Human Papillomavirus in Normal Oral Cavity in a Group of Pakistani Subjects using Real-Time PCR
Gichki, Abdul Samad;Buajeeb, Waranun;Doungudomdacha, Sombhun;Khovidhunkit, Siribang-On Pibooniyom 2299
Since there is evidence that human papillomavirus (HPV) may play some role in oral carcinogenesis, we investigated the presence of HPV in a group of Pakistani subjects with normal oral cavity using real-time PCR analysis. Two-hundred patients attending the Dental Department, Sandaman Provincial Hospital, Balochistan, Pakistan, were recruited. After interview, oral epithelial cells were collected by scraping and subjected to DNA extraction. The HPV-positive DNA samples were further analyzed using primer sets specific for HPV-16 and -18. It was found that out of 200 DNA samples, 192 were PCR-positive for the ${\beta}$-globin gene and these were subsequently examined for the presence of HPV DNA. Among these, 47 (24.5%) were HPV-positive with the virus copy number ranged between 0.43-32 copies per 1 ${\mu}g$ of total DNA (9-99 copies per PCR reaction). There were 4 and 11 samples containing HPV-16 and -18, respectively. Additionally, one sample harbored both types of HPV. Among the investigated clinical parameters, smoking habit was associated with the presence of HPV (p = 0.001) while others indicated no significant association. The prevalence of HPV in normal oral cavity in our Pakistani subjects appears to be comparable to other studies. However, the association between the presence of HPV and smoking warrants further investigations whether both of these factors can cooperate in inducing oral cancer in this group of patients.
Antiproliferative Effects of Crocin in HepG2 Cells by Telomerase Inhibition and hTERT Down-Regulation
Noureini, Sakineh Kazemi;Wink, Michael 2305
Crocin, the main pigment of Crocus sativus L., has been shown to have antiproliferative effects on cancer cells, but the involved mechanisms are only poor understood. This study focused on probable effect of crocin on the immortality of hepatic cancer cells. Cytotoxicity of crocin ($IC_{50}$ 3 mg/ml) in hepatocarcinoma HepG2 cells was determined after 48 h by neutral red uptake assay and MTT test. Immortality was investigated through quantification of relative telomerase activity with a quantitative real-time PCR-based telomerase repeat amplification protocol (qTRAP). Telomerase activity in 0.5 ${\mu}g$ protein extract of HepG2 cells treated with 3 mg/ml crocin was reduced to about 51% as compared to untreated control cells. Two mechanisms of inhibition, i.e. interaction of crocin with telomeric quadruplex sequences and down regulation of hTERT expression, were examined using FRET analysis to measure melting temperature of a synthetic telomeric oligonucleotide in the presence of crocin and quantitative real-time RT-PCR, respectively. No significant changes were observed in the $T_m$ telomeric oligonucleotides, while the relative expression level of the catalytic subunit of telomerase (hTERT) gene showed a 60% decrease as compared to untreated control cells. In conclusion, telomerase activity of HepG2 cells decreases after treatment with crocin, which is probably caused by down-regulation of the expression of the catalytic subunit of the enzyme.
Association between Polymorphisms in UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A6 and 1A7 and Colorectal Cancer Risk
Osawa, Kayo;Nakarai, Chiaki;Akiyama, Minami;Hashimoto, Ryuta;Tsutou, Akimitsu;Takahashi, Juro;Takaoka, Yuko;Kawamura, Shiro;Shimada, Etsuji;Tanaka, Kenichi;Kozuka, Masaya;Yamamoto, Masahiro;Kido, Yoshiaki 2311
Genetic polymorphisms of uridine diphosphate-glucuronosyltransferases 1A6 (UGT1A6) and 1A7 (UGT1A7) may lead to genetic instability and colorectal cancer carcinogenesis. Our objective was to measure the interaction between polymorphisms of these repair genes and tobacco smoking in colorectal cancer (CRC). A total of 68 individuals with CRC and 112 non-cancer controls were divided into non-smoker and smoker groups according to pack-years of smoking. Genetic polymorphisms of UGT1A6 and UGT1A7 were examined using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). We found a weak association of UGT1A6 polymorphisms with CRC risk (crude odds ratio [OR], 1.65;95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.9-3.1, P=0.107; adjusted OR 1.95%, 95% CI 1.0-3.8, P=0.051). The ORs for the UGT1A7 polymorphisms were statistically significant (crude OR: 26.40, 95% CI: 3.5-198.4, P=0.001; adjusted OR: 21.52, 95% CI: 2.8-164.1, P=0.003). The joint effect of tobacco exposure and UGTIA6 polymorphisms was significantly associated with colorectal cancer risk in non-smokers (crude OR, 2.11; 95% CI, 0.9-5.0, P=0.092; adjusted OR 2.63, 95% CI, 1.0-6.7, P=0.042). In conclusion, our findings suggest that UGT1A6 and UGT1A7 gene polymorphisms are associated with CRC risk in the Japanese population. In particualr, UGT1A6 polymorphisms may strongly increase CRC risk through the formation of carcinogens not associated with smoking.
Use of Smoke-less Tobacco Amongst the Staff of Tertiary Care Hospitals in the Largest City of Pakistan
Valliani, Arif;Ahmed, Bilawal;Nanji, Kashmira;Valliani, Salimah;Zulfiqar, Beenish;Fakih, Misbah;Mehdi, Mehwish;Khan, Anam;Sheikh, Sana Arshad;Fatima, Nida;Ahmad, Sobia;Farah, Fariya;Saleem, Shaheera;Ather, Sana;Majid, Syed Khubaib;Hashmi, Syed Salman;Arjan, Sunil 2315
Background: Use of smoke-less tobacco (SLT) is very common in South and South-East Asian countries. It is significantly associated with various types of cancers. The objectives of this study were to assess the proportion of hospital staff that use SLT, and to identify the factors associated with its use and their practices. Methods: In a cross-sectional study, 560 staff of two tertiary care hospitals were interviewed in the year 2009. Nurses, ward boys and technicians were counted as a paramedic staff while drivers, peons, security guards and housekeeping staff were labeled as non-paramedic staff. SLT use was considered as usage of any of the following: betel quid (paan) with or without tobacco, betel nuts with or without tobacco (gutkha) and snuff (naswar). Results: About half (48.6%) of the hospital staff were using at least one type of SLT. Factors found to be statistically significant with SLT were being a male (OR=2.5; 95% CI=1.8-3.7); having no/fewer years of education (OR=1.7; 95% CI=1.2-2.4) and working as non-paramedic staff (OR=2.6; 95% CI=1.8-3.8). Majority of SLT users were using it on regular basis, for > 5 years and keeping the tobacco products in the oral cavity for >30 minutes. About half of the users started due to peer pressure and had tried to quit this habit but failed. Conclusion: In this study, about half of the study participants were using SLT in different forms. We suggest educational and behavioral interventions for control of SLT usage.
Expression and Clinical Significance of Hedgehog Signaling Pathway Related Components in Colorectal Cancer
Wang, Hong;Li, Yu-Yuan;Wu, Ying-Ying;Nie, Yu-Qiang 2319
Aim: To investigate the expression of three components of the Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway (SHH, SMO and GLI1) in human colorectal cancer (CRC) tissues and evaluate their association with clinicopathologic characteristics of the patients. Methods: Fresh tumor tissues and matched tissues adjacent to the tumor were collected from 43 CRC patients undergoing surgery. Normal colorectal tissues from 20 non-CRC cases were also sampled as normal controls. The expression of SHH, SMO, GLI1 mRNAs was assessed by RT-PCR and proteins were detected by immunohistochemical staining. Associations with clinicopathological characteristics of patients were analyzed. Results: SHH mRNA was expressed more frequently in tumor tissues than in normal tissues, but the difference did not reach significance in comparison to that in the adjacent tissues. SMO and GLI1 mRNAs were expressed more frequently in tumor tissues than in both adjacent andnormal tissues. The expression intensities of SHH, SMO, GLI1 mRNA in tumor tissues were significantly higher than those in adjacent tissues and normal tissues. Proteins were also detected more frequently in tumors than other tissues. No significant links were apparent with gender, age, location, degree of infiltration or Dukes stage. Conclusion: Positive rates and intensities of mRNA and protein expression of Hh signaling pathway related genes SHH, SMO, GLI1 were found to be significantly increased in CRC tissues. However, over-expression did not appear to be associated with particular clinicopathological characteristics.
Effects of the Cyclin D1 Polymorphism on Lung Cancer Risk - a Meta-analysis
Li, Yue;Zhang, Shuai;Geng, Jian-Xiong;Yu, Yan 2325
Background: Cyclin D1 (CCND1) is critical in the transition of the cell cycle from G1 to S phases and unbalanced cell cycle regulation is a hallmark of carcinogenesis. A number of studies conducted to assess the association between CCND1 G870A polymorphism and susceptibility to lung cancer have yielded inconsistent and inconclusive results. In the present study, the possible association above was assessed by a meta-analysis. Methods: Eligible articles were identified for the period up to November 2011. Pooled odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were appropriately derived from fixed effects or random-effects models. Sensitivity analysis excluding studies whose genotype frequencies in controls significantly deviated from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) was performed. Results: Ten case-control studies with a total of 10,548 subjects were eligible. At the overall analysis the CCND1 870A allele appeared to be associated with elevated lung cancer risk (for allele model, pooled OR = 1.24, 95% CI: 1.08-1.44, P = 0.004; for homozygous model, pooled OR = 1.45, 95% CI: 1.14-1.84, P = 0.003; for recessive model, pooled OR = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.06-1.58, P = 0.013; for dominant model, pooled OR = 1.33, 95% CI: 1.08-1.65, P = 0.009). Subgroup analyses by ethnicity and sensitivity analysis further pointed to associations, particularly in Asians. Conclusion: This meta-analysis suggests that the A allele of CCND1 G870A polymorphism confers additional lung cancer risk.
Prognostic Role of MicroRNA-21 in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: a Meta-analysis
Ma, Xue-Lei;Liu, Lei;Liu, Xiao-Xiao;Li, Yun;Deng, Lei;Xiao, Zhi-Lan;Liu, Yan-Tong;Shi, Hua-Shan;Wei, Yu-Quan 2329
Introduction: Many studies have reported that microRNA-21 (miR-21) mihght predict the survival outcome in non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs) but the opposite opinion has also been expressed. The aim of this study was to summarize the evidence for a prognostic role of miR-21. Materials and Methods: All the eligible studies was searched by Medline and EMBASE and patients' clinical characteristics and survival outcome were extracted. Then a meta-analysis was performed to clarify the prognostic role of the miR-21 expression in different subgroups. Results: A total of 8 eligible articles were yielded covering survival outcomes or clinical characteristics. The combined hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) for overall survival (OS) was 2.19 [0.76, 6.30], while the combined HR (95% CI) of Asian group for OS had a significant result, 5.49 [2.46, 12.27]. The combined HR (95% CI) for recurrence free survival or disease free survival (RFS/DFS) was 2.31 [1.52, 3.49]. Odds ratios (ORs) showed that the miR-21 expression was associated with lymph node status and histological type. Conclusion: miR-21 expression could predict the prognostic outcome of NSCLC in Asians, despite some deficiencies in the study data.
Metabolic Changes Enhance the Cardiovascular Risk with Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma - A Case Control Study from Manipal Teaching Hospital of Nepal
Objective: To evaluate several metabolic changes in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC ) which enhance cardiovascular risk in the western region of Nepal. Materials and Methods: This hospital based case control study was carried out using data retrieved from the register maintained in the Department of Biochemistry of the Manipal Teaching Hospital, Pokhara, Nepal between $1^{st}$ January, 2009 and $31^{st}$ December, 2011. The variables collected were age, gender, BMI, glucose, insulin, HbA1C, CRP, fibrinogen, total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL, LDL, VLDL, f-T3, f-T4, TSH. One way ANOVA was used to examine statistical significance of differences between groups, along with the Post Hoc test LSD for comparison of means. Results: fT3 values were markedly raised in DTC cases ($5.7{\pm}SD1.4$) when compared to controls ($2.2{\pm}SD0.9$). Similarly, fT4 values were also moderately raised in cases of DTC ($4.9{\pm}SD1.3$ and $1.7{\pm}SD0.9$). In contrast, TSH values were lowered in DTC cases ($0.39{\pm}SD0.4$) when compared to controls ($4.2{\pm}SD1.4$). Mean blood glucose levels were decreased while insulin was increased and HDL reduced ($39.5{\pm}SD4.7$ as compared to the control $43.1{\pm}SD2.2$). Conclusion: Cardiovascular risk may be aggravated by insulin resistance, a hypercoagulable state, and an atherogenic lipid profile in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer.
Comparative Study on the Value of Anal Preserving Surgery for Aged People with Low Rectal Carcinoma in Jiangsu, China
Yu, Dong-Sheng;Huang, Xin-En;Zhou, Jian-Nong 2339
Objective: To compare the efficacy of anal preserving surgery for aged people with low rectal carcinoma. Methods: Clinical data for a consecutive cohort of 98 rectal cancer patients with distal tumors located within 3cm -7cm of the anal verge were collected. Among these, 42 received anal preserving surgery (35 with Dixon, 3 with Parks and 4 with transanal operations). The local recurrence and survival rates in the above operations were compared with those of the Miles operation in another 56 patients with rectal cancer. Results: The local recurrence and 3-, 5-year survival rates of anal preserving surgery were 16.7%, 64.3% and 52.4%, those of Miles operations were 16.1%, 67.9% and 51.8% respectively (P>0.05). Conclusion: Anal preserving surgery for aged people with low rectal cancer is not inferior to conventional operations in China, with satisfactory long term survival and comparable local recurrence rates.
Epidemiological Evaluation of Breast Cancer in Ecological areas of Kazakhstan - Association with Pollution Emissions
Bilyalova, Zarina;Igissinov, Nurbek;Moore, Malcolm;Igissinov, Saginbek;Sarsenova, Samal;Khassenova, Zauresh 2341
The aim of the research was to evaluate the incidence of breast cancer in the ecological areas of Kazakhstan and assess the potential. A retrospective study of 11 years (1999 to 2009) was conducted using descriptive and analytical methods. The incidence of breast cancer was the lowest in the Aral-Syr Darya area ($18.6{\pm}0.80$/100,000), and highest in the Irtysh area ($48.9{\pm}1.90$/100,000), with an increasing trends over time in almost all areas. A direct strong correlation between the degree of contamination with high pollution emissions in the atmosphere from stationary sources and the incidence of breast cancer ($r=0.77{\pm}0.15$; p=0.026). The results indicate an increasing importance of breast cancer in Kazakhstan and an etiological role for environmental pollution.
Epidemiological Aspects of Morbidity and Mortality from Cervical Cancer in Kazakhstan
Igissinov, Nurbek;Nuralina, Indira;Igissinova, Gulnur;Kim, Sergei;Moore, Malcolm;Igissinov, Saginbek;Khassenova, Zauresh 2345
Epidemiological studies of cancer incidence in Kazakhstan have revealed an uneven distribution for cervical cancer. Incidence and mortality rates were calculated for different regions of the republic, including the two major cities of Almaty and Astana, in 1999-2008. Defined levels for cartograms for incidence were low (up to 12.8/100,000), medium (12.8 to 15.9) and high (above 15.9) and for mortality were up to 7.1, 7.1 to 10.8 and more than 10.8, respectively. Basically high incidence rates were identified in the eastern, central and northern parts of the country and in Almaty. Such differences in cervical cancer data, and also variation in mortality/ incidence ratios, from a low of 0.4 in Almaty to a high of 0.71 in Zhambyl, point to variation in demographic and medical features which impact on risk and prognistic factors for cervical cancer in the country. Further research is necessary to highlight areas for emphasis in cancer control programs for this important cancer.
P53 Arg72Pro Polymorphism and Bladder Cancer Risk - Meta-analysis Evidence for a Link in Asians but not Caucasians
Xu, Ting;Xu, Zi-Cheng;Zou, Qin;Yu, Bin;Huang, Xin-En 2349
Objective: Individual studies of the associations between P53 codon 72 polymorphism (rs1042522) and bladder cancer susceptibility have shown inconclusive results. To derive a more precise estimation of the relationship, we performed this systemic review and meta-analysis based on 15 publications. Methods: We used odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to assess the strength of the association. Results: We found that there was no association between P53 codon 72 polymorphism and bladder cancer risk in the comparisons of Pro/Pro vs Arg/Arg; Pro/Arg vs. Arg/Arg; Pro/Pro plus Pro/Arg vs. Arg/Arg; Arg/Arg vs. Pro/Arg plus Arg/Arg (OR=1.06 95%CI 0.81-1.39; OR=1.06 95%CI 0.83-1.36; OR=0.98 95%CI 0.78-1.23; OR=1.06 95%CI 0.84-1.32). However, a significantly increased risk of bladder cancer was found among Asians in the homozygote comparison (Pro/Pro vs. Arg/Arg, OR=1.36 95%CI 1.05-1.75, P=0.790 for heterogeneity) and the dominant model (Arg/Pro plus Pro/Pro vs. Arg/Arg, OR=1.26 95%CI 1.05-1.52, P=0.564 for heterogeneity). In contrast, no evidence of an association between bladder cancer risk and P53 genotype was observed among Caucasian population in any genetic model. When stratifying for the stage of bladder, no statistical association were found (Pro/Pro vs. Arg/Arg, OR=0.45 95%CI 0.17-1.21; Pro/Arg vs. Arg/Arg, OR=0.60 95%CI 0.28-1.27; Dominant model, OR=0.56 95%CI 0.26-1.20; Recessive model, OR=0.62 95%CI0.35-1.08) between P53 codon 72 polymorphism and bladder cancer in all comparisons. Conclusions: Despite the limitations, the results of the present meta-analysis suggest that, in the P53 codon 72, Pro/Pro type and dominant mode might increase the susceptibility to bladder cancer in Asians; and there are no association between genotype distribution and the stage of bladder cancer.
Clinical Significance of SH2B1 Adaptor Protein Expression in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
Zhang, Hang;Duan, Chao-Jun;Chen, Wei;Wang, Shao-Qiang;Zhang, Sheng-Kang;Dong, Shuo;Cheng, Yuan-Da;Zhang, Chun-Fang 2355
The SH2B1 adaptor protein is recruited to multiple ligand-activated receptor tyrosine kinases that play important role in the physiologic and pathologic features of many cancers. The purpose of this study was to assess SH2B1 expression and to explore its contribution to the non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: SH2B1 expression in 114 primary NSCLC tissue specimens was analyzed by immunohistochemistry and correlated with clinicopathological parameters and patients' outcome. Additionally, 15 paired NSCLC background tissues, 5 NSCLC cell lines and a normal HBE cell line were evaluated for SH2B1 expression by RT-PCR and immunoblotting, immunofluorescence being applied for the cell lines. Results: SH2B1 was found to be overexpressed in NSCLC tissues and NSCLC cell lines. More importantly, high SH2B1 expression was significantly associated with tumor grade, tumor size, clinical stage, lymph node metastasis, and recurrence respectively. Survival analysis demonstrated that patients with high SH2B1 expression had both poorer disease-free survival and overall survival than other patients. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that SH2B1 overexpression was an independent prognostic factor for patients with NSCLC. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that the SH2B1 protein may contribute to the malignant progression of NSCLC and could offer a novel prognostic indicator for patients with NSCLC.
Association Between C1019T Polymorphism in the Connexin 37 Gene and Helicobacter Pylori Infection in Patients with Gastric Cancer
Jing, Yuan-Ming;Guo, Su-Xia;Zhang, Xiao-Ping;Sun, Ai-Jing;Tao, Feng;Qian, Hai-Xin 2363
Objective: To investigate the association between the connexin 37 C1019T polymorphism and Helicobacter pylori infection in patients with gastric cancer. Methods: 388 patients with gastric cancer (GC), 204 with chronic superficial gastritis (CSG) were studied. H. pylori was detected by gastric mucosal biopsies biopsy dyeing method. Connexin 37 gene polymorphism 1019 site genotypes were determined by gene sequencing technology. Genotypes and alleles frequencies were compared. Results: (1) Connexin37 gene 1019 site distribution frequency (CC type, TC type, TT type) in the CSG group was 18.1%, 45.1% and 36.8%; in the stomach cancer group it was 35.1%, 45.9% and 19.%, conforming to the Hardy-Weinberg euilibrium. (2) In comparison with CSG group, the frequency of Connexin37 C allele was higher in the gastric cancer group (58.0% vs 40.7%, OR = 2.01, 95%CI = 1.58-2.57, P < 0.01). The prevalence of gastric cancer risk was significantly increased in the carriers of C allele (CC+TC) than in TT homozygote (OR = 2.47, 5%CI = 1.68- 3.610. (3) Gastric cancer patients complicated with Hp infection 211 cases, gastric cancer group of the male patients with HP positive patients with 187 cases, 40 cases of female patients with negative patients, 24 cases were HP positive, negative in 137 cases, control group male patients, 28 cases were Hp positive, negative in 95 patients, female patients with Hp positive 6 cases, 75 cases were negative. On hierarchical analysis, the male group OR value was 15.9 (95%CI to 9.22-27.3), and the female OR was 2.19 (95%CI 0.88-5.59), indicating a greater contribution in males (P <0.01). After elimination of gender effects, positive HP and gastric cancer were closely related (OR 8.82, 95% CI: 5.45-14.3). (4) The distribution frequency of C allele in patients with Hp infection was much higher than that in Hp negative cases in the GC group (64.5% vs 47.0%, OR = 2.05, 95%CI = 1.54-2.74, P < 0.01). Compared with TT homozygotes, (CC+TC) genotype prevalence of gastric cancer risk increased significantly (OR = 2.96, 5%CI = 1.76-2.99 ). Conclusion: The T allele in the connexin37 gene might not only be associated with gastric cancer but also with H. pylori infection.
A Multi-center Survey of HPV Knowledge and Attitudes Toward HPV Vaccination among Women, Government Officials, and Medical Personnel in China
Zhao, Fang-Hui;Tiggelaar, Sarah M.;Hu, Shang-Ying;Zhao, Na;Hong, Ying;Niyazi, Mayinuer;Gao, Xiao-Hong;Ju, Li-Rong;Zhang, Li-Qin;Feng, Xiang-Xian;Duan, Xian-Zhi;Song, Xiu-Ling;Wang, Jing;Yang, Yun;Li, Chang-Qin;Liu, Jia-Hua;Liu, Ji-Hong;Lu, Yu-Bo;Li, Li;Zhou, Qi;Liu, Jin-Feng;Xu, Li-Na;Qiao, You-Lin 2369
Objectives: To assess knowledge of HPV and attitudes towards HPV vaccination among the general female population, government officials, and healthcare providers in China to assist the development of an effective national HPV vaccination program. Methods: A cross-sectional epidemiologic survey was conducted across 21 urban and rural sites in China using a short questionnaire. 763 government officials, 760 healthcare providers, and 11,681 women aged 15-59 years were included in the final analysis. Data were analyzed using standard descriptive statistics and logistic regression. Results: Knowledge of HPV among the general female population was low; only 24% had heard of HPV. Less than 20% of healthcare providers recognized sexually na$\ddot{i}$ve women as the most appropriate population for HPV vaccination. There was high acceptance of the HPV vaccine for all categories of respondents. Only 6% of women were willing to pay more than US $300 for the vaccine. Conclusions: Aggressive education is necessary to increase knowledge of HPV and its vaccine. Further proof of vaccine safety and efficacy and government subsidies combined with increased awareness could facilitate development and implementation of HPV vaccination in China.
Mechanism of P-glycoprotein Expression in the SGC7901 Human Gastric Adenocarcinoma Cell Line Induced by Cyclooxygenase-2
Gu, Kang-Sheng;Chen, Yu 2379
Objective: To investigate possible signal pathway involvement in multi-drug resistant P-glycoprotein (P-gp) expression induced by cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in a human gastric adenocarcinoma cell line stimulated with pacliaxel (TAX). Methods: The effects of TAX on SGC7901 cell growth with different doses was assessed by MTT assay, along with the effects of the COX-2 selective inhibitor NS-398 and the nuclear factor-KB (NF-KB) pathway inhibitor pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC). Influence on COX-2, NF-KB p65 and P-gp expression was determined by Western blotting. Results: TAX, NS-398 and PDTC all reduced SGC7901 growth, with dosedependence. With increasing dose of TAX, the expression of COX-2, p65 and P-gp showed rising trends, this being reversed by NS-398. PDTC also caused decrease in expression of p65 and P-gp over time. Conclusion: COX-2 may induce the expression of P-gp in SGC7901 cell line via the NF-kappa B pathway with pacliaxel stimulation.
ER81-shRNA Inhibits Growth of Triple-negative Human Breast Cancer Cell Line MDA-MB-231 In Vivo and in Vitro
Chen, Yue;Zou, Hong;Yang, Li-Ying;Li, Yuan;Wang, Li;Hao, Yan;Yang, Ju-Lun 2385
The lack of effective treatment targets for triple-negative breast cancers make them unfitted for endocrine or HER2 targeted therapy, and their prognosis is poor. Transcription factor ER81, a downstream gene of the HER2, is highly expressed in breast cancer lines, breast atypical hyperplasia and primary breast cancers including triple-negative examples. However, whether and how ER81 affects breast cancer carcinogenesis have remained elusive. We here assessed influence on a triple-negative cell line. ER81-shRNA was employed to silence ER81 expression in the MDA-MB-231 cell line, and MTT, colony-forming assays, and flow cytometry were used to detect cell proliferation, colony-forming capability, cell cycle distribution, and cell apoptosis in vitro. MDA-MB-231 cells stably transfected with ER81-shRNA were inoculated into nude mice, and growth inhibition of the cells was observed in vivo. We found that ER81 mRNA and protein expression in MDA-MB-231 cells was noticeably reduced by ER81-shRNA, and that cell proliferation and clonality were decreased significantly. ER81-shRNA further increased cell apoptosis and the residence time in $G_0/G_1$ phase, while delaying tumor-formation and growth rate in nude mice. It is concluded that ER81 may play an important role in the progression of breast cancer and may be a potentially valuable target for therapy, especially for triple negative breast cancer.
Evaluation of the Geometric Accuracy of Anatomic Landmarks as Surrogates for Intrapulmonary Tumors in Image-guided Radiotherapy
Li, Hong-Sheng;Kong, Ling-Ling;Zhang, Jian;Li, Bao-Sheng;Chen, Jin-Hu;Zhu, Jian;Liu, Tong-Hai;Yin, Yong 2393
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the geometric accuracy of thoracic anatomic landmarks as target surrogates of intrapulmonary tumors for manual rigid registration during image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT). Methods: Kilovolt cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images acquired during IGRT for 29 lung cancer patients with 33 tumors, including 16 central and 17 peripheral lesions, were analyzed. We selected the "vertebrae", "carina", and "large bronchi" as the candidate surrogates for central targets, and the "vertebrae", "carina", and "ribs" as the candidate surrogates for peripheral lesions. Three to six pairs of small identifiable markers were noted in the tumors for the planning CT and Day 1 CBCT. The accuracy of the candidate surrogates was evaluated by comparing the distances of the corresponding markers after manual rigid matching based on the "tumor" and a particular surrogate. Differences between the surrogates were assessed using 1-way analysis of variance and post hoc least-significant-difference tests. Results: For central targets, the residual errors increased in the following ascending order: "tumor", "bronchi", "carina", and "vertebrae"; there was a significant difference between "tumor" and "vertebrae" (p = 0.010). For peripheral diseases, the residual errors increased in the following ascending order: "tumor", "rib", "vertebrae", and "carina"; There was a significant difference between "tumor" and "carina" (p = 0.005). Conclusions: The "bronchi" and "carina" are the optimal surrogates for central lung targets, while "rib" and "vertebrae" are the optimal surrogates for peripheral lung targets for manual matching of online and planned tumors.
Comparison of Serum Tumor Associated Material (TAM) with Conventional Biomarkers in Cancer Patients
Shu, Jian;Li, Cheng-Guang;Liu, Yang-Chen;Yan, Xiao-Chun;Xu, Xu;Huang, Xin-En;Cao, Jie;Li, Ying;Lu, Yan-Yan;Wu, Xue-Yan;Liu, Jin;Xiang, Jin 2399
Objective: To compare expression level of serum tumor associated materials (TAM) with several conventional serum tumor biomarkers, eg., carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen19-9 (CA19-9), carbohydrate antigen 15-3 (CA15-3), alpha-fetoprotein(AFP), in selected solid tumors. Methods: Patients diagnosed histologically or cytologically with liver, breast, esophageal, gastric, colorectal or pancreatic cancers were enrolled into this study. After diagnosis, the level of TAM was determined by chemical colorimetry, and levels of conventional tumor markers was measured by chemiluminescence methods. Results: A total of 560 patients were enrolled into this study. No statistically significant difference was detected in TAM and the above mentioned tumor biomarkers in terms of their positivity and negativity ( P>0. 05). Conclusions: Detection of TAM in liver, breast, esophageal, gastric, colorectal, and pancreatic cancer patients demonstrates a good accordance with CEA, CA199, CA153, and AFP, thus suggesting that further study is warranted to verify whether TAM could be a surrogate for these conventional biomarkers.
Factors Affecting the Death Anxiety Levels of Relatives of Cancer Patients Undergoing Treatment
Beydag, Kerime Derya 2405
This descriptive study was performed to determine levels of the death anxiety levels of relatives of patients who being treated in a public hospital located in the Asian side of Istanbul and influencing factors. The sample was 106 patient relatives of patients from oncology or chemotherapy units of the hospital. Data were collected between May-June 2011 with the 15-item Death Anxiety Scale developed by Templer (1970) and adapted to Turkish by Senol (1989) and evaluated by number-percentage calculations, the Kruskal Wallis, Anova and t tests. Some 36.8% of the included group were aged 45 years and over, 57.5% were female and 65.1% were married. A statistically significant difference was found between the age groups, genders of the patient relatives, the period of cancer treatment regarding the death anxiety levels (p<0.05). The death anxiety levels of the patient relatives who were in the 17-39 age group, female and had a patient who was under treatment for less than 6 months were found to high as compared to others.
Inhibition of Tumor Growth in Vitro by a Combination of Extracts from Rosa Roxburghii Tratt and Fagopyrum Cymosum
Liu, Wei;Li, Su-Yi;Huang, Xin-En;Cui, Jiu-Jie;Zhao, Ting;Zhang, Hua 2409
Objective: Traditional Chinese herbal medicines have a very long history. Rosa roxburghii Tratt and Fagopyrum cymosum are two examples of plants which are reputed to have benefits in improving immune responses, enhancing digestive ability and demonstrating anti-aging effects. Some evidence indicates that herbal medicine soups containing extracts from the two in combination have efficacy in treating malignant tumors. However, the underlying mechanisms are far from well understood. The present study was therefore undertaken to evaluate anticancer effects and explore molecular mechanisms in vitro. Methods: Proliferation and apoptosis were assessed with three carcinoma cell lines (human esophageal squamous carcinoma CaEs-17, human gastric carcinoma SGC-7901 and pulmonary carcinoma A549) by MTT assay and flow cytometry, respectively, after exposure to extract from Rosa roxburghii Tratt (CL) and extract from Fagopyrum cymosum (FR). $IC_{30}$ of CL and FR were obtained by MTT assay. Tumor cells were divided into four groups : control with no exposure to CL or FR; CL with $IC_{30}$ CL; FR with $IC_{30}$ FR; CL+FR group with 1/2 ($IC_{30}$ CL + $IC_{30}$ FR). RT-PCR and Western blot analysis were used to detect the expression of Ki-67, Bax and Bcl-2 at mRNA and protein levels. Results: Compared with the CL or FR groups, the combination of CL+FR showed significant inhibition of cell growth and increase in apoptosis; the mRNA and protein expression levels of Ki-67 and Bcl-2 in CL+FR group were all greatly decreased, while the expression of Bax was markedly increased. Conclusions: These results indicate that the synergistic antitumor effects of combination of CL and FR are related to inhibition of proliferation and induction of apoptosis.
Phase II Study on Voriconazole for Treatment of Chinese Patients with Malignant Hematological Disorders and Invasive Aspergillosis
Zhang, Xue-Zhong;Huang, Xin-En;Xu, Yan-Li;Zhang, Xiu-Qun;Su, Ai-ling;Shen, Zheng-Shan 2415
Objective: To investigate the efficacy and safety of voriconazole in treating Chinese patients with hematological malignancies and invasive aspergillosis. Methods: From March 2007 to April 2012, patients with diagnoses confirmed by CT, GM test and/or PCR assays, were recruited into this study. Aspergillosis of all patients were treated with voriconazole 6 mg/kg intravenous infusion (iv) every 12 h for 1 day, followed by 4 mg/kg IV every 12 h for 10-15 days; Then, switch to oral administration that was 200mg every 12h for 4-12 weeks. Efficacy and safety were evaluated according to Practice Guideline of Infectious Diseases Society of America. Results: The overall response rate of 38 patients after voriconazole treatment was 81.6%. The median time to pyretolysis was 4.5 days. Treatment related side effects were mild and found in only 15.8% of cases. No treatment related deaths occurred. Conclusions: Voriconazole can considered to be a safe and effective front-line therapy to treat patients with hematological malignancies and invasive aspergillosis. Alternatively it could be used as a remedial treatment when other antifungal therapies are ineffective.
A Model for Community Participation in Breast Cancer Prevention in Iran
Context: Genuine community participation does not denote taking part in an action planned by health care professionals in a medical or top-down approach. Further, community participation and health education on breast cancer prevention are not similar to other activities incorporated in primary health care services in Iran. Objective: To propose a model that provides a methodological tool to increase women's participation in the decision making process towards breast cancer prevention. To address this, an evaluation framework was developed that includes a typology of community participation approaches (models) in health, as well as five levels of participation in health programs proposed by Rifkin (1985&1991). Method: This model explains the community participation approaches in breast cancer prevention in Iran. In a 'medical approach', participation occurs in the form of women's adherence to mammography recommendations. As a 'health services approach', women get the benefits of a health project or participate in the available program activities related to breast cancer prevention. The model provides the five levels of participation in health programs along with the 'health services approach' and explains how to implement those levels for women's participation in available breast cancer prevention programs at the local level. Conclusion: It is hoped that a focus on the 'medical approach' (top-down) and the 'health services approach' (top-down) will bring sustainable changes in breast cancer prevention and will consequently produce the 'community development approach' (bottom-up). This could be achieved using a comprehensive approach to breast cancer prevention by combining the individual and community strategies in designing an intervention program for breast cancer prevention.
Ornithine Decarboxylase: A Promising and Exploratory Candidate Target for Natural Products in Cancer Chemoprevention
Luqman, Suaib 2425
Ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), the first enzyme in the polyamine biosynthesis, plays an important role in tumor progression, cell proliferation and differentiation. In recent years, ODC has been the subject of intense study among researchers, as a target for anti-cancer therapy and specific inhibitory agents, have the potential to suppress carcinogenesis and find applications in clinical therapy. In particular, it is suggested that ODC is a promising candidate target for natural products in cancer chemoprevention. Future exploration of ornithine decarboxyalse inhitors present in nature may offer great hope for finding new cancer chemporeventive agents.
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Geni-Sys
Established for over 30 years, Promed is at the forefront of innovative change in Patient Centred Care in Ireland. Lockside began working with Promed in 2007 and have worked with their marketing team to help them produce their catalogs as quickly an efficiently as possible. Catalogs are never easy but in the medical world attention to detail is critical and data accuracy is essential.
Despite a new e-commerce site where practitioners can search and browse for products, Promed recognises the importance of catalogs. For many years Promed successfully used a system written in-house but needed to shorten the production cycle and reduce the work involved. Their search for a new system narrowed to two companies that matched the required features and budget. Lockside’s Catalog’nTime was selected because it delivers flexibility and a high level of automation. They were particularly impressed both by the support for high level typography and design and the sophisticated table building and styling.
Most forward-looking companies want to be able to use the same content for web and catalogue. Promed wanted this and more. They already had a studio and were used to a digital workflow. For that reason the implementation was particularly fast with the first catalogue starting within days of the contract being signed. The software was installed and populated inside two days, ready for training to start.
The productivity has exceeded expectations and is in line with Lockside’s claim to do the job in half the time. Lockside kept their pledge of providing total support ensuring that everything was on track and that catalogs went out on time.
Lockside Software
Lockside Software is a private limited company registered in the United Kingdom under company number 3035590. Lockside is registered for VAT under GB 641 8262 42. Lockside is a software developer established in 1995.
info@locksidesoftware.com
Castle Industrial Park, Pear Tree Lane, Newbury, RG14 2EZ
Cromwell Tools
Leyton Lighting
© 2019 LOCKSIDE SOFTWARE
MEMBER OF UKCSA
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Stopping Methotrexate Abruptly
Applicable to all organisms http://rzrgsaqcwufl.com/category/7576.html "Prosit," as the researchers call the AI software, is "applicable to all organisms in the world, even if their proteomes have never been examined before," explains Mathias Wilhelm. A study published in the February issue of HortScience provides new recommendations that can help increase the stock of blight-resistant trees. A new doctoral study in the field of international marketing by Agnieszka Chwialkowska from the University of Vaasa, Finland, reveals that the cultural values and practices are still very fluconazole 150mg for yeast infection much influencing the way consumers use different social media platforms when engaging with their favourite companies. Dr. Magdalena Götz, director of the Institute for Stem Cell Research stopping methotrexate abruptly (ISF) at Helmholtz Zentrum München and Chair of Physiological Genomics of the LMU Biomedical Center, wanted to identify the factors that regulate the maintenance or differentiation of neural stem cells. The authors conclude: "This study suggests that the child's gluten intake at 18 months of age, and not the maternal intake during pregnancy, could increase the risk of use of methotrexate before pregnancy type 1 diabetes in the child. Best ever image of a star's surface, atmosphere: First map of motion of material on a star other than the sun To the unaided stopping methotrexate abruptly eye the famous, bright star Antares shines with a strong red tint in the heart of the constellation of Scorpius (The Scorpion). The device could also help nurses, waiters, and police officers prevent deep vein thrombosis, a result of working long shifts on tired feet. "This was congruent with our results from the pigs' teeth – there, the Retzius lines also occurred in 5-day intervals," rejoices Schrenk, and he methotrexate contraindications continues, "The metabolites indicate that the rhythm is connected to a complex system of bodily functions – first in this context is the cell division, a basis for the growth of animals. But since this discovery 62 side effects of methotrexate before pregnancy years ago, the mechanism by which sweetener blends become superior to single compounds has remained obscure. For instance, if Americans are stereotyped as outgoing, and Asians are generally believed to be reserved, does someone who is Asian American seem more "American" if they're gregarious? In a newly published Physical Review Applied viagra cialis levitra trial pack paper, researchers from New York University introduce a voltage-controlled topological spin switch (vTOPSS) that requires only electric fields, rather than currents, to switch between two Boolean logic states, greatly reducing the heat generated and energy used. " The test slabs of electrically conductive concrete are made up of 1 percent carbon fiber and a special mix of cement, sand and rocks. "A focus on the systems of care and promotion of a culture of safety at the institutional level is necessary to optimize checklist methotrexate renal function implementation and realize its full potential. Study identifies stem cell that gives rise to oral methotrexate new bone and cartilage in humans A decade-long effort led by Stanford University School of Medicine scientists has been rewarded with the identification of the human skeletal stem cell. Next, the researchers stopping methotrexate abruptly mapped and characterized the PERVs present in the genome of pig fibroblast cells, identifying 25 in total.
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Parenting with Purpose and Grace: Wisdom for Responding to Your Childs Deepest Needs (Fisherman Bible Studyguides)
Second Spring
Bankster (German Edition)
The War Story of Soldier 124280
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Your cart is currently empty An Item has been added to cart x. Cart Summary Items in Cart:. Basic Survival Tips You might be thinking: a survival guide for what? Style Tips and Tricks We have all been there, had our breath taken away by stylish women and men. Dinner Party Tips Are you excited to throw a dinner party, but terrified at the thought? Music Most of us listen to music, even though it might be different kinds of music.
Closes 31 Jul 19 Add to Cart. All Items Ask a Question. Item Location South Africa. Product Code: One simply fought to de-fend those you loved and the way of life you knew. The second thing that impressed me was the wonderful comradeship that existed between the men on the front line. They shared their joys and sorrows, their pleasures and pains and, in spite of their coarseness and crudity, they showed great sensitivity towards each other.
But I noticed that this comradeship only seemed to exist amongst the ordinary ranks in the front line, not among the officers. It was only where men endured the greatest suffering that such deep friendship seemed to grow. But I am a soldier of Christ, I thought. What does He want me to do? Should I join the Mafeking Battery or not? So I reached out for the Bible which lay beside my bed and let it fall open where it would, and then I stabbed at the open page with my finger and read the words. It was something about Abraham begetting Isaac and Isaac begetting Jacob, etc.
I will deliver him into thy hands. Somehow I had not expected such a direct instruction and, certainly, I had not thought I would be expected to take a leading role in the war. However, there was no mistake about what I was to do im-mediately and, presumably, God would show me what to do in due course, when He delivered the enemy into my hands. So, smiling to myself, I blew out the candle and was soon fast asleep.. The next day was July the 8th, , the day on which my brother, David, turned eleven, and the day on which I presented myself to Sergeant Matthews and signed on.
My father had to sign the indemnity form because I was below the age of eighteen and after I had presented this, in the presence of the awesome Major Fortune, I swore the oath of allegiance to King and country and, from that moment onwards, for better or worse, I was a member of the 26th Field Battery of the 6th Field Regiment of the South African Artillery and so began the career of Number The first piece of army equipment to arrive was a stout pair of army boots. Proudly I brought this home to show everybody and placed them beside the army swagger-cane that Joyce had given me.
It was impres-sive — but not sufficient to fight a battle — so we waited. Then a few shirts and shorts arrived but they were all odd sizes and not enough for everyone. So we began to mutter amongst ourselves that this was ab-surd.
How could we go and fight the enemy if we were not properly dressed? A purple-faced Major Fortune climbed on the train and headed for Pretoria, while we all waited hopefully and a week later he returned with the news that the uniforms were on the way. We were to leave for Potchefstroom on August the 26th. On the 20th we were called to parade outside the recruiting office to col-lect our new uniforms.
Excitedly we lined up and watched the first man enter the office. Imagine our surprise when he emerged carrying a pair of chocolate-coloured overalls and a forage cap. You had to listen to Koos because he had been in the last war, and he should know. I tell you what, young Garney Muller. While they were going through their painful farewells, I slipped on to the platform and bought my first packet of cigarettes - a packet of thirty "C to C".
Veteran's War Story: Mike Sadler | WW2Talk
This was not a sudden impulse but a carefully thought out campaign. I had realised, during my first parade, that, because I had spent the last six years away at boarding school, I knew very few of the men in the battery. Moreover, as the son of a parson, I had been brought up not to drink or smoke or swear and, as far as the majority of the men were concerned, I was barely human.
In fact, the only men I knew were members of the Methodist Church. They were Vernon Mat-thews and Neil Dick, both of whom were old enough to be my father and, worst of all, as Vernon had already told everyone, I was "the baby of the Battery". So, having thought of all this, I had decided that, if I was to be accepted as "one of the men", I had somehow to overcome this apparent "mealy-mouthed" image and develop a few obvious minor vices.
Veteran's War Story: Mike Sadler
I would com-promise between being angelic and diabolic by smoking, but not drink- 32 ing. I would start with cigarettes and later take up a pipe. Actually, all the heroes in my favourite books and films seemed to smoke pipes. The most onerous piece of equipment was, of course, your rifle.
The Medic Who fought a War without a Weapon
I cleaned it, and loved it and cherished it, and all it ever did for me was get me into trou-ble with inspecting sergeants. When, eventually, I was able to test it out at the rifle range, it consistently fired squonk and bruised my shoulder so, as far as I was concerned, it was no friend of mine - especially dur-ing our first practices in rifle drill. In those days, when standing at attention, the rifle was held with the butt on the ground beside the right foot.
As we tried to bring our rifles into the vertical position, they caught the underside of the brim and knocked the whole helmet up into the air. Several helmets fell to the ground and, when the men bent down to re-cover them, they inadvertently banged their neighbours with their rifles. Chaos reigned. The Sergeant Major was speechless with rage Attachments: info.
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I grunted in reply to that, for I was far too concerned about Eileen and the baby, but his words came back to me in the years that lay ahead. Real events as told by a Police Even though the Anglo-Boer War of ended more than years ago, no extensive study on the sites of remembrance of this war that covers the country as a whole and is based on methodological research has thus far been published.
This book is aimed at filling that void.
WEHRT EUCH MIT §§ (German Edition).
Laff It Off!!
Additional information.
This is a study of commemorative sites with a difference After bitter debate, South Africa, a dominion of the British Empire at the time, declared war on Germany five days after the invasion of Poland in September He demobbed as major, qualified in London as These memoirs are a year window into the life of someone who patrolled with Marine Recon in the jungles of Vietnam, jumped into action with the Rhodesian Light Infantry's Fire Force, infiltrated guerrilla groups on counterinsurgency operations with the Selous Scouts and later waded through the war in Beirut.
It's not just a war story - though there are stories In this explosive book, investigative journalist Pieter-Louis Until now little has been known about the Rhodesian contribution to the history of the SAS. SAS Rhodesia provides a comprehensive account of the origins and history of this famous Special Forces unit, as told This is the story of one of the world's most effective Special Forces units told by the men who served in it. Breaking with conventional military thinking, the South African Police created Koevoet by refining the concept of the counter-insurgency group pioneered in Rhodesia during the Bush War in order to provide up-to-date intelligence about an elusive enemy.
Now at The terrorist was caught between our two Casspirs. A long burst erupted and the insurgent was blown to hell and Ranged against two powerful communist terrorist armies, the small, under-equipped army of Rhodesia defied all military convention by not only resisting the onslaught, but taking the fight to the very heart of the ZIPRA and ZANLA terrorist machines.
The efforts of the Rhodesian army and air force shocked the world; how could such a small force of men repel the
Flower Girl Bride (Mills & Boon Love Inspired) (Steeple Hill Café, Book 4)
There is No Light in Darkness (Darkness #1)
Numbers (My Very First Preschool Book)
TWO (North American Militia Journals Series 1: The House That Navy Built Book 2)
Cows in Action 2: The Moo-mys Curse
Filmanalyse: 5x2 (Fünf mal Zwei) von François Ozon (German Edition)
The House That Cleans Itself
Old soldiers never die the story of Moth O by C A Evenden in the Books category for sale in Cape Town Buy The War Story of Soldier - Mike Sadler.
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MBM-DALLAH
MBM-Dallah has been founded since 2005as a result of fruitful collaboration between:-
Dallah Group-Saudi, specifically Dallah Establishment for operation and maintenance and MBM, subsidiary of ETA-Ascon Group – UAE. In order to achieve sustainable approaches and the need to work according to the plans of the research and development, MBM-Dallah has also established an international collaboration with one of the largest European experts - URBASER (from Spain).
Modern Building Maintenance Est. (MBM), established in Dubai in 1977with its branches in Abu Dhabi 1978 and other Emirates of UAE. MBM is a subsidiary of the prestigious Business Organization in the United Arab Emirates - ETA-ASCON Group of Companies. ETA-ASCON is a 35 years old business group with 77000 multinational workforces and diversified activities in the Trading and Service Industry spread over 17 countries around the World with total revenue of more than USD 5.5 billion.MBM; with a wide experience of over 30 years having 9500 multinational workforce, has served quality environmental care to various sectors such as industries and trades .
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Dallah Establishment is one of the affiliate companies of Dallah Holding Group (Dallah Al Baraka). Dallah started operations in 1969 in the fields of maintenance, operation and contracting to become a leading specialized company in this field, with a workforce of 65,000 and a combine revenue of USD 1.5 billion annually. The company has many Subsidiary Companies in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and abroad.
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Hercules the Legendary Podcasts Episode 17 - Seige at Naxos
In this week's episode, Mark gets very confused as Hercules ... well, really doesn't do much at all. There's an old drunk, though, and a barbarian with an extra stupid name.
Mount Olympus is an episode by episode review of the smash 90s television programs "Hercules: The Legendary Journeys" and its spinoff "Xena:...
Xena: Warrior Podcast Episode 3 - Dreamworker
What does Xena have in common with Mystery Science Theater 3000 and the hit musical Hamilton? More than you'd think, it turns out.
Hercules the Legendary Podcasts Episode 16 - What's In a Name?
In this week's episode, the entire population of a kingdom slowly moves into a dungeon labyrinth just to have a chat.
Xena: Warrior Podcast Episode 2 - Chariots of War
Welcome to our definitely, absolutely, we totally swear it was recorded after Christmas second episode of Xena: Warrior Podcast! Tune in to hear the hosts get uncomfortable as Xena gets domestic.
Mount Olympus is an episode by episode review of the smash 90s television programs "Hercules: The Legendary Journeys" and...
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Chemotherapy shortage not impacting T BAY
A National shortage of chemotherapy drugs isn't impacting Thunder Bay. The hospital and Regional Cancer Care Northwest say they have a sufficient supply to meet demand. Planned treatment is not expected to be impacted in the near term including all patients in hospital, as well as clinic and outreach patients.
Senate approves law school
Lakehead University's Senate has approved the school's proposed law curriculum and faculty of law. The senate's approval was the final step before submitting a proposal to the Ministry of Training for funding support.
Sioux Lookout Mayor upset over mill
The Mayor of Sioux Lookout is lashing out at the Province for not allocating wood rights for the Hudson Mill. McKenzie Forest Products has filed for bankruptcy protection and will result in around 300 jobs lost.
Labels: Photo from Sioux Lookout website
Abitibi Bowater invests in its sawmill
Good news for Thunder Bay's Abitibi Bowater plant. The company is investing 8 million dollars to upgrade capacity at the sawmill. The upgrades started last month and should be finished within the next 2 years.
Stand off with police
For the fourth time this year Thunder Bay police were forced into a standoff. Spokesperson Chris Adams says a 52 year old man claimed to have guns and was trying to provoke police into shooting him. Adams says luckily in this case there were no injuries and the man surrendered peacefully.
Confederation College using wood to heat buildings
Confederation College is going green. The provincial government is providing a million dollars towards the creation of a new bioenergy learning and research centre. President Pat Lang says the facility will heat the REACH facility and the Shuniah building. Wastewood from across the Northwest will be used to heat the two buildings.
Wind Farm Public Meetings start Tuesday
The Norwester Escarpment Protection Committee isn't giving up their fight against the proposed Big Thunder Wind Park. Wind Concern Ontario President John La Foret says Horizon is going to be holding a series of meetings this week. Public information sessions are being held in Neebing and Thunder Bay on Tuesday and Wednesday. La Foret is speaking at an anti-wind farm rally on Monday at the Best Western Norwester Hotel.
Autopsy doesn't reveal cause of death
An autopsy on a 36-year-old woman, who was found in the bush in Kenora this week, has not been able to confirm the cause of death. The body of Rosella Digirolamo was found Wednesday morning by the OPP's Emergency Response Unit. She had been reported missing from her home last Thursday. The OPP say they don't suspect foul play, but are continuing to work with the Coronor's office on the investigation.
Fishing database launched
All the information you need for a successful fishing trip in northwestern Ontario is now just a mouse-click away. The Ministry of Natural Resources has put all of its fishing data on-line for the first time. Matt Garvin is a spokesperson for the MNR and says the amount of information available is pretty impressive. Garvin says the guide to eating sport fish in Ontario and fishing regulation guidelines are also included in the on-line data base.
Mental Health issues in schools
A youth panel provided their thoughts on mental health issues in area schools recently. Keynote speaker Dr. Michael Stambrook stressed the importance of early detection of mental health illnesses. Stambrook says teachers must have their eyes more wide open to identify students at risk and provide referral to Mental Health Agencies. He stresses that Northwestern Ontario has a significant proportion of children who are affected by parental substance abuse.
OPP make arrest in copper theft
Thunder Bay OPP have made an arrest in the theft of copper wire. 31 year old Jeremy Bisson of Thunder Bay and 44 year old John Keating of Nova Scotia are charged with possession of stolen property, mischief and theft under 5 thousand dollars. The duo will appear in provincial court on June 15th to answer the charges.
Paterson Family Food Centre open
The Regional Food Distribution Association still needs your help. The Paterson Foundation helped the organization renovate its South Syndicated building. Past Chair Larry Brigham says they still owe 247 thousand dollars on the building, and hopes the provincial government or community will help them with the cost.
Fines for Atikokan fire
A Quebec man has ordered to pay the cost of putting out a forest fire last year in the Atikokan area after pleading guilty to a charge of failing to keep a fire under control. The blaze occurred in the area of Raft Lake Road last April after a fire started for cooking was spread by strong winds to the nearby bush. Two Ministry of Natural Resource fire crews and a water bomber had to be dispatched to put out the fire.
Confederation College using wood to heat buildings...
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Criminal statistics -- United States -- Periodicals
The concept Criminal statistics -- United States -- Periodicals represents the subject, aboutness, idea or notion of resources found in Biddle Law Library- University of Pennsylvania Law School.
The Resource Criminal statistics -- United States -- Periodicals
http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2009119836
Criminal statistics
12 Items that share the Concept Criminal statistics -- United States -- Periodicals
BJS data report, U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Justice programs, Bureau of Justice Statistics
Bomb summary : a comprehensive report of incidents involving explosive and incendiary devices in the nation
Bureau of Justice Statistics national update, U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, Bureau of Justice Statistics
Compendium of federal justice statistics, U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, Bureau of Justice Statistics
Correctional populations in the United States, U.S. Dept. of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics
Crime in the United States
Criminal victimization in the United States, U.S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics
Drugs and crime facts
Households touched by crime
Sourcebook of criminal justice statistics
Uniform crime reports for the United States
United States attorneys annual statistical report, U.S. Department of Justice, Executive Office for United States Attorneys
Context of Criminal statistics -- United States -- Periodicals
United States attorneys annual statistical report
BJS data report
Bureau of Justice Statistics national update
Compendium of federal justice statistics
Correctional populations in the United States
Criminal victimization in the United States
<div class="citation" vocab="http://schema.org/"><i class="fa fa-external-link-square fa-fw"></i> Data from <span resource="http://link.law.upenn.edu/resource/AGBWPdjq5-A/" typeof="CategoryCode http://bibfra.me/vocab/lite/Concept"><span property="name http://bibfra.me/vocab/lite/label"><a href="http://link.law.upenn.edu/resource/AGBWPdjq5-A/">Criminal statistics -- United States -- Periodicals</a></span> - <span property="potentialAction" typeOf="OrganizeAction"><span property="agent" typeof="LibrarySystem http://library.link/vocab/LibrarySystem" resource="http://link.law.upenn.edu/"><span property="name http://bibfra.me/vocab/lite/label"><a property="url" href="http://link.law.upenn.edu/">Biddle Law Library- University of Pennsylvania Law School</a></span></span></span></span></div>
Data Citation of the Concept Criminal statistics -- United States -- Periodicals
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Mowatt, Crusaders too much for Torrington boys, Cross wins, 85-58.
BY Timothy W. Gaffney
Twitter: @TimothyGaffney
TORRINGTON: It’s hard to duplicate speed and size in practice. It’s harder to keep up with it for a full 32 minutes.
The Torrington boys kicked off the home portion of their 2015 campaign with a tale of two half’s.
In the first 16-minutes, the Raiders kept up with the frenetic pace the Holy Cross Crusaders force you to play with their full court pressure that makes it nearly impossible to slow the action.
Torrington was down just six at 36-30 at the break with the kind of effort their coach wanted to see but it waned in the second 16.
“First half, this year’s team,” head coach Eric Gamari said, “Second half, last year’s team.”
It doesn’t help that you opponent is a seasoned group that features one of the top players in the league, senior Jonathan Mowatt who led all scorers with 26 points, all but two in the first three quarters.
“John’s a four year varsity starter,” Crusaders head coach Ed Generali said, “And we really depend on him to be the leader. We need him to lead by example and I think he did that. He was aggressive, which we want him to be and when he goes to the basket, he’s really hard to stop.”
Despite the height and athleticism disadvantage, the Raiders hung around on the hot shooting of senior Zak Mancini (team high 24 points) who had eight in the first quarter.
Having a healthy Mancini will certainly help Torrington this year after the talented guard missed a good deal of time a year ago.
Cross applied a full court press to start, a staple of most Crusader teams and figuring it out is a process but the home team battled, especially on the boards to keep the visitors from running away early.
Keeping up that effort for four quarters will be a battle the Raiders need to commit to if they want to compete with the city teams who live to run.
The Crusaders took over on the glass after the intermission, something their coach had been preaching all pre-season.
“I really emphasized in practice that we need five guys rebounding,” Generali said, “And I think we even got contributions out of the bench as well.”
Generali was impressed with what he saw from the Raiders.
“They shoot the ball very well,” Generali said, “They’re always tough, Eric has them well drilled and they knew were the ball was going and who to get it to. I think we just wore them down in the second half.”
Holy Cross turned up the heat and outscored Torrington 49-28 in the second half to come away with their first win of the year after dropping an 80-78 decision to Kennedy in their opener.
Torrington is now 1-1 after beating Derby on Monday night by an 84-63 final.
For more from Timothy W. Gaffney click here
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Nature Connection
Finding our way in the world
Focusing in Nature
About Adrian
My life is focused on spiritual work for the environment, which has led me to believe our relationship to the Sacred is grounded in our bodies. Body work can bring a mystical awareness of the unity of all things, and inspire a deep love for our Earth.
I started my career in environmental campaigning in the early 1980's while I was studying for a Philosophy and Literature degree, and it continues to date.
A fascination with spirituality and ecology led me to Paganism, which I discovered while working for Friends of the Earth. As a result I founded the Dragon Environmental Network (1990) which draws together Paganism and practical environmentalism.
I was initiated in 1991 into Progressive Wicca and practiced Eco-Paganism for over 13 years. I now have an eclectic practice rooted in Earth-based Pagan traditions that remains in creative flux.
During the 1990's I was active in the UK anti-roads movement and interfaith work, working mainly with Christians, notably the Creation Spirituality movement founded by Matthew Fox.
My PhD. thesis on The Wisdom of the Body: Embodied Knowing in Eco-Paganism was completed in July 2008. The Embodiment Resources website has more information on my academic work.
I have trained with several nature connection mentors including Jon Young as part of the Nature Culture Network. I have a private practice as a Counselling Psychotherapist in Exeter and specialize in outdoor therapy.
I have lectured at several colleges including the University of Winchester, Essex University, University of Cardiff and York St. John University.
My workshops draw on all of the above - and a wealth of wisdom from many other sources.
I maintain the eco-philosophy site the green fuse and edit Embodiment Resources.
When I'm not working I like to get away from it all...
Article: 'Paganism and Neopaganisms', in the Berkshire Encyclopedia of Sustainability: Vol.1 The Spirit of Sustainability, (2009), Berkshire Publishing Group.
Chapter: 'Sacred Ecology', in Paganism, (ed. Davy, B., 2008), part of the Critical Concepts in Religious Studies Series, Routledge. (Reprint of 1996 article detailed below).
Article: 'Ritual and Neopaganism' (2006), (with Macha M. Nightmare), in Metaphysical, New Age, and Neopagan Movements, volume 3 of the series Introduction to New and Alternative Religions in America, Greenwood Press, Westport,CT, USA.
Articles: 'Dragon Environmental Network' and 'Ecomagic', in the Encyclopaedia of Religion and Nature, (Taylor, B., 2005), Continuum.
Article: 'Dragon Environmental Network', in The Encyclopaedia of Modern Witchcraft and Neo-Paganism, (2002), Citadel Press.
Book chapter: 'Sacred Ecology', in Paganism Today (Ed. Harvey and Hardman) (1996) pub. Harper Collins.
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Original article / research
Year : 2020 Month : January-March Volume : 9 Issue : 1 Page : MO03 - MO07
Predominance of G12 Genotype in Rotavirus Strains Causing Diarrhoea in Hospitalised Children of a Tertiary Care Centre in Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
Shilpi Srivastava, Amita Jain, Danish Nasar Khan, Shantanu Prakash, Shally Awasthi
1. Associate Professor, Department of Microbiology, Integral Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Lucknow and King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India. 2. Professor and Head, Department of Microbiology, King George�s Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India. 3. Research Scholar, Department of Microbiology, King George�s Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India. 4. Research Scholar, Department of Microbiology, King George�s Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India. 5. Professor, Department of Pediatrics, King George�s Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Correspondence Address :
Dr. Shilpi Srivastava,
Integral Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Dasauli, Kursi Road, Lucknow -226026, Uttar Pradesh, India.
E-mail: dr.shilpi74@gmail.com
: Currently available vaccines for rotavirus are based on the common genotypes of neutralisation antigens Viral Protein 7 (VP7) and Viral Protein 4 (VP4). Prevalence of uncommon genotypes may result in lower immune response due to homotypic immunity.
Aim:M To ascertain the genotypes of VP7 and VP4 in rotavirus strains causing diarrhoea in northern India.
Materials and Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2010 to June 2012 at a tertiary care centre in Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India. Consecutive stool samples from children under the age of five years hospitalised for acute dehydrating diarrhoea were screened for rotavirus antigen by Enzyme Linked Imunosorbent Assay (ELISA). VP7 and VP4 genes were amplified by Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR), sequenced (Big-Dye terminator kit using 3130 ABI, Genetic analyser) and genotyped by Rota C software. Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis (MEGA) 5.05 Software was used for phylogenetic analysis.
Results: Of the 260 samples, 58 (22.3%) samples were positive by ELISA. Thus the prevalence of rotavirus infection was 22.3% [95% CI (27.59-17.41)]. Out of these VP7 gene was amplified by RT-PCR from 35 strains of which 32 amplicons were sequenced. Total 14 (43.7%) strains belonged to genotype G12, 3 (9.3%) strains to genotype G9, 7 (21.8 %) to genotype G2 and 8 (25%) were G1. Of the 18 VP4 genes sequenced 7 (38.8%), 6 (33.3%) and 5 (27.7%) strains were genotype P(4), P(6) and P(8) respectively.
Conclusion: Prevalence of rotavirus diarrhoea was 22.3%. Presence of G12 an emerging genotype was the most common VP7 genotype and a rare reassortment strain G9 P(4) was the most significant finding. As G12 genotype is not present in the current vaccines, it could be included in future versions to improve effectiveness.
Keywords : Gene, Molecular epidemiology, Stool sample, Vaccine
Rotaviruses are gastrointestinal pathogens responsible for severe dehydrating diarrhoea in infants and children below five years of age. The mortality among young children attributed to rotavirus is over half a million annually worldwide (1). Rotaviruses are double stranded RNA viruses belonging to the family Reoviridae.
Mature viral particles are enveloped, 100 nm in diameter with icosahedral symmetry. A triple layered capsid surrounds a genome of 11 segments of double stranded RNA. The genome codes for six structural proteins, viral protein VP1, VP2, VP3, VP4, VP6 and VP7 and six non-structural proteins (NS) NSP1, NSP2, NSP3, NSP4, NSP5 and NSP6. A binary system based on neutralisation antigens G (VP7) and P (VP4) is used to characterise the strains. More than 35 G and 50 P types are currently known to occur in the rotavirus strains infecting human and zoonotic populations (2). The mainstay for treatment of rotavirus diarrhoea has been to correct dehydration which is mostly severe and death inflicting. But as most patients do not reach hospitals timely many deaths could not be averted. Therefore, the strategy has now shifted from management to prevention. In the past decade two vaccines have been introduced globally as well as in India. These are Rotarix and Rotateq. The former is monovalent human RVA G1P8 strain (GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals, Rixensart, Belgium), while the latter is pentavalent human bovine reassortment vaccine comprising of G1, G2, G3, G4 and P8 strains (Merck Vaccines, Whitehouse Station, NJ, USA). The underlying strategy of these vaccines is immunity against the prevalent genotypes of VP7 and VP4. Both of them have not been very effective in the developing countries with efficacy in the range of 39%-49% (3),(4). In India the seroconversion rates reported are 58.3% and 83% respectively (6). To increase our understanding of the response to these vaccines we need molecular epidemiological data about common genotypes included in the vaccines as well as some emerging genotypes in both prevaccine and post-vaccine era.
This study was undertaken to characterise molecular footprint of the rotavirus strains causing diarrhoea in under five children in the study area. This is the first study to be conducted on rotavirus molecular epidemiology with phylogenetic analysis from this geographical area.
The present study had cross-sectional study design and was carried out from January 2010 to June 2012 at King George�s Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India. Sample size was calculated according to the formula. N=p.q Z.a/2)2/d2; where N = sample size, p=population proportion, q = 1-p, d=Precision (permissible error) of the estimate, z=normal deviate (1.96 for an alpha (type 1 error) of 0.05 at 95% confidence interval). Therefore, taking the following values -(Z.a/2) = 1.96, d = .05, P = 19.2% (Mishra V et al., (2009) and Q = 80.8%, the sample size (N) was calculated to be 256 (6). Prior to commencement of the study approval from the Institutional ethics committee was obtained (Ref Code: XLIV ECM/B-P10). Subjects under the study comprised of infants and children under the age of five years admitted to the emergency unit of paediatric department with complains of diarrhoea and dehydration. Written informed consent was taken prior to collection of samples. Diarrhoea is defined as passage of more than 3 loose or watery stools per day. Patients with dysentery (diarrhoea with blood in stools with or without mucus), persistent diarrhoea (duration more than 2 weeks) and parents not giving consent were excluded from the study. Presence of any unrelated complication was not a factor for rejection. The subjects were consecutively enrolled and stool specimens were collected.
Stool samples were tested for rotavirus antigens by a commercial kit using a sandwich format (RIDASCREEN, R- Biopharm,Germany).
RNA Extraction and c DNA construction
The procedure was adapted from Banyayi K et al., (7). Faecal suspension (10%) in Phosphate buffered saline (2mM) was centrifuged and the supernatant (250 �l) was subjected to RNA extraction by QIAamp viral RNA mini kit (QIAGEN, Hilden, Germany). Complementary DNA (cDNA) was constructed with random hexamers (2 �M) (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, USA), Moloney murine leukaemia virus (M-MLV) reverse transcriptase (100200U), dntp (.5�M) and RNAse inhibitor (20U) (SIGMA-Aldrich Corporation, St Louis, USA) in a total reaction mixture of 30 �l. In short RNA (2-5 �l) was mixed with random hexamers and dntps and the 15 �l mixture was incubated at 95�C. The hot mixture was immediately cooled on ice for 5 minutes. Reverse transcriptase and RNAse inhibitor were added next after the mixture was cooled followed by incubation for 10 minute at 25�C succeeded by 60 minutes at 37�C. The cDNA was kept at -20�C.
VP7 and VP4 gene were amplified by using protocols adapted from Iturriza Gomara M et al., and Gentsch JR et al., (8),(9). The cDNA (2-5 �l) was mixed with 1�reaction buffer, taq polymerase (1.5U) (DyNAZymeTM; Fisher Scientific UK Ltd., forward and reverse primers (.4�M), dntps (.2�M) made upto a reaction volume of 25 �l. The PCR reaction was put up in a thermal cycler (ABI Veriti, Applied Biosystems, Foster City, USA) under the parameters: Initial denaturation at 94 0C for 10 minutes, followed by 35 identical cycles of denaturation for 1 minute, followed by primer annealing at 55�C for 1minute and extension at 72�C for 1 minute. A final extension step at 72�C for 10 minutes was included. The products of amplification obtained were demonstrated on 1.5% agarose gels embedded with ethidium bromide (Table/Fig 1).
The primers were obtained from (Imperial life sciences Ltd., Gurgaon, India) (8),(9) (Table/Fig 2). The control strains were provided by National Institute of communicable Diseases, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
PCR products were extracted from gel using Pure Link gel extraction kit (Invitrogen Carlsbad, USA). Sequencing was conducted by the dideoxy nucleotide chain termination method with the Big Dye terminator cycle sequencing reaction kit (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, USA) on an automated sequencer (ABI Prism 3100xl, Applied Biosystems, Foster City, USA). The primer set used in sequencing was same as that of amplification.
DNA and Protein Sequence Submission
Searches for nucleotide and protein sequence similarity were done by using the BLAST (Basic Local Alignment Search Tool) on the NCBI (National Center for Biotechnology Information) website http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/blast/blast.cgi). Genotypes were assigned using Rota C rotavirus genotyping tool on the website http://rotac.regatools.be/according to the recommendations of Rotavirus Classification Working Group (RCWG) (10). Sequences were submitted to GenBank database using the BanKit v3.0 tool and accession numbers obtained.
Both the protein and nucleic acid sequences were aligned among themselves as well as with prototype strains-Wa, KUN, DS-1, AU-1, N26, RV176 and EW (sourced from Genbank) using CLUSTAL W. Statistical method of UPGMA (unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean) using Kimura 2- parameter and 1000 bootstrap replicates was used to draw phylogenetic trees by MEGA (Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis) 5.05 software (11).
A total of 270 subjects were enrolled for the study. Out of these, stool sample could not be obtained for 10 children. Eventually samples were processed for 260 subjects. Out of 260 stool samples tested with EIA, 58 were positive for rotavirus antigen. Thus the prevalence of rotavirus infection was 22.3% {95% Confidence Interval (27.59-17.41)}
RTRT-PCR for VP7 and VP4 Gene: VP7 gene by RT-PCR was amplified from 42 samples. VP4 gene was amplified from 25 samples.
Sequencing: Products showing faint bands or more than one band on gel electrophoresis were excluded and 32 VP7 and 18 VP4 strains were sequenced and subjected to genotyping using the Rota C software (12). Of the 32 VP7 genes sequenced, total 14 (43.7%) strains belonged to genotype G12, 8 (25.0%) to G1, 7 (21.8%) to genotype G2 and 3 (9.3%) strains were genotype G9. Of the 18 VP4 genes sequenced 7 (38.8%), 6 (33.3%) and 5 (27.7%) strains were genotype P(4), P(6) and P(8) respectively (Table/Fig 3). Phylogenetic trees for VP7 and VP4 genes are displayed in [Table/Fig-4,5] respectively. The accession numbers of sample strains are: VP7 -: (KF179265 to KF179296) and for VP4 are (KF598830 to KF598847). The accession numbers of the reference strains shown in the tree are: VP7-: {DS-1(G2)-AB118023}; (A64(G10)X63156); (116E(G9)-L14072}; {L26(G12)-M58290}; {DB029(G12)EU179533}; {DA428(G12)- EU179537}. VP4-: {RV5(P4)-M32559}; {Wa(P8)- M96825}; {1076(P6)-M88480}. The sample G12 strains are on a different branch compared to the reference G12 strains.
Globally the most common genotypes of rotavirus strains causing diarhoea are G1, G2, G3 and G9 [13,14]. G5 genotype, previously found only in pigs and horses, was detected in Brazilian children in 1983 and is now commonly reported from Brazil at high rates (15) Similarly, G8 rotaviruses are found predominantly in the African continent especially in Malawi (16). The most common serotype combinations globally have been G1P(8) and G2P(4) with G3, G9 and G12 types occurring in lesser percentages. In Europe, The European rotavirus surveillance network, EuroRotaNet has also conveyed similar findings. Most of the strains isolated were G1P(8), G2P(4), G3P(8), G4P(8), and G9P(8). G1P(8). G1P(8) remained the most prevalent genotype in Europe also with about 50% strains belonging to it. There was also a significant diversity of cocirculating strains (17). Some of the representative studies done globally on genotypes and strains prevalent are summarised in (Table/Fig 6) (18),(19),(20),(21),(22),(23),(24),(25),(26),(27),(28),(29),(30). Some of these studies have reported presence of emerging genotype G12 in higher numbers (20),(21),(24).
In India rotavirus isolates show a lot of genetic variation. The most common genotypes found in the strains causing diarrhoea are G1P8, G2P4 and G9P6 (27),(28),(29),(30),(31),(32),(33). A few studies from northern India (New Delhi and Manipur) have also reported isolation of G12 strains (34),(35). Giri S et al., in a pan-India study (2019) (28) reported a 12.1% prevalence of G12 genotype while in study by George S et al., from Kerala reported only G1 and G9 strains (30).
Contrary to the global and national trends, in this study the predominant VP7 genotype was G12 with 43.75% strains belonging to it, 21.8% typed to genotype G2 and 25% were G1. Only 9.6% strains were G9. G12 was found in combination with P6 and P8, G1with P8 and G2 with P4. G9 combined with both P6 and P4.
G12 rotaviruses were first reported from the Philippines in 1987 (36) after which there was a period of quiescence of a decade after which they reappeared and were subsequently found in Thailand (37) and United States (38). Subsequently they were reported from India (39), Japan (40), Nepal (41), Bangladesh (42), Hungary (43). Uchida R et al., from Nepal reported a 20% prevalence of G12 (23). In another Nepalese study reported by Ansari S et al., the G12 prevalence has increased to 55.9%. Thus, the G12 strains have advanced their footprint across the planet in the first two decades of this century. Nepal, and northern India seem to be have an emergence of G12 as a dominant strain.
The G12 genotypes detected globally have been highly homologous in their sequences indicating a common ancestor. However, the occurrence of different VP4 types in combination with G12 rotavirus, similar to G9 strains within the Indian subcontinent, has been due to reassortment with other gene segments (38),(39). Rahman M et al., made an interesting observation that the first G12 rotavirus prototype strain, L26, has porcine-like NSP2 and NSP5 genes, indicative of G12 having an animal origin (42).
In our study too, the G12 sample strains were homologous but did not appear to be phylogenetically close to the reference G12 strains DA428 and the original L26 strain isolated from Phillipines in 1987 (36).This finding was significant as it denotes evolutionary diversification of the G12 strains circulating in this geographical area.
Compared to the VP7 gene we were not very successful in amplifying the VP4 gene. Reason could be point mutations at the primer binding sites which can result in failures of PCR detection and genotyping (44). No uncommon genotype was found in the VP4 gene.
Two oral vaccines have been recommended by WHO (World Health Organisation) and are being used by paediatricians. They are Rotarix� (GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals, Rixensart, Belgium) and RotaTeq� (RV5, Merck, Whitehouse Station, NJ, USA). Rotarix� contains a monovalent live attenuated human G1P(8) strain, whereas RotaTeq contains 5 reassortant RVA strains, on a bovine framework with a human RVA VP7 (G1-G4) or VP4 (P(8)) gene segment. Both the vaccines have not been as effective as compared to the west (3),(45),(46). It has been argued that genotypic diversity of rotavirus in developing world is responsible for this phenomenon. Both these vaccines don�t have a G9 and G12 component. Type specific immunity for protection is considered important by many workers and this could be one of the reasons. A study from National Institute of Virology, Pune on diarrhoea samples has also reported the presence of uncommon genotype G12 and a rare reassortment strain G9P (4),(47). We have also found G9P (4) in a single strain. Therefore molecular surveillance for presence of uncommon genotypes is the need of the hour. As this study reports the presence of G12 genotype in good numbers which is not common in other parts of the world, it can be argued that this genotype should be included in future versions of existing vaccines.
As the cDNA of the sample was limited in quantity, we could not repeat RT-PCR and sequencing for the strains which could not be typed.
Diarrhoea due to rotavirus infection had a prevalence of 22.3%. G12 was the most common VP7 genotype while P(4) was the most common VP4 genotype of the rotavirus strains. Surveillance for other emerging genotypes should be done routinely to assess the molecular epidemiology of rotavirus infection.
Indian Council of Medical Research have provided financial support in the form of fellowship and contingency to MD- PhD scholar Dr Shilpi Srivastava and funding for the Project �To develop a grade 1 diagnostic virology laboratory in Uttar Pradesh, India.
We would like to acknowledge Indian Council of Medical Research for their financial support and National Institute of Communicable Diseases Kolkata for providing control strains.
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Melody G, Kristen M, Lewis DC, Gagandeep K, Parashar UD, Dunken AS. A systematic review of Rotavirus strain diversity in India, Bangladesh, and Pakistan. Vaccine.2012;30:A 131-39. Ray P, Sharma S, Agarwal RK, Longmei K, Gentsch JR, Paul VK, et al. First
detection of G12 rotaviruses in newborns with neonatal rotavirus infection at All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India. J Clin Microbiol. 2007;45:3824-27. Mukherjee A, Chattopadhyay S, Bagchi P, Dutta D, SinghNB, Arora R. Surveillance
and molecular characterization of rotavirus strains circulating in Manipur, north-eastern India: increasing prevalence of emerging G12 strains. Infect Genet Evol. 2010;10:311-20. Taniguchi K, Urasawa T, Kobayashi N, Gorziglia M, Urasawa S. Nucleotide
sequence of VP4 and VP7 genes of human rotaviruses with subgroup I specificity and long RNA pattern: Implication for new G serotype specificity. J Virol. 1990;64:5640-44.
Pongsuwanna Y, Guntapong R, Chiwakul M, Tacharoenmuang R, Onvimala N, Wakuda M, et al. Detection of a human rotavirus with G12 and P
specificity in Thailand. J Clin Microbiol. 2002;40:1390-94. Griffin DD, Nakagomi T, Hoshino Y, Nakagomi O, Kirkwood C D, Parashar
UD et al and the National Rotavirus Surveillance System. Characterization of nontypeable rotavirus strains from the United States: identification of a new rotavirus reassortant (P2A
,G12) and rare P3
strains related to bovine rotaviruses. Virology. 2002;294:256-69. Das S, Varghese V, Chaudhury S, Barman P, Mahapatra S, Kojima K, et
al. Emergence of novel human group A rotavirus G12 strains in India. J Clin Microbiol. 2003;41:2760-62. Shinozaki K, Okada M, Nagashima S, Kaiho I, T. Taniguchi T. Characterization
of human rotavirus strains with G12 and P
detected in Japan. J Med Virol. 2004;73:611-16.
Pun SB, Nakagomi T, Sherchand SB, Pandey BD, Cuevas LE, Cunliffe NA, et al Detection of G12 humanrotaviruses in Nepal. Emerg Infect Dis. 2007;13:482-84. Rahman M, Matthijnssens J, Yang X, Delbeke T, Arijs I, Taniguchi K et al.
Evolutionary history and global spread of the emerging G12 human rotaviruses. J Virol. 2007; 81:2382-90. Banyai K, Gentsch JR, Glass RI, Mihaly MUJ, Szucs G. 2004. Eight year survey
of human rotavirus strains demonstrates circulation of unusual G and P types in Hungary. J Clin Microbiol. 2004;42:393-97. Chakravarti A, Chauhan MS, Sharma A, Verma V. Distribution of human rotavirus
G and P genotypes in a hospital setting from Northern India. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 2010;41:1145-52. Armah GE, Sow SO, Breiman RF, Dallas MJ, Tapia MD. Efficacy of pentavalent
rotavirus vaccine against severe rotavirus gastroenteritis in infants in developing countries in Sub-Saharan Africa: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet. 2010;376:606-14. Zaman K, Dang DA, Victor JC, Shin S, Yunus M, Dallas MJ, et al. Efficacy of
pentavalent rotavirus vaccine against severe rotavirus gastroenteritis in infants in developing countries in Asia: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet. 2010;376:615-23. Pol SS, Dedwal AK, Ranshing SS, Chitambar SD, Pednekar SN, Bharadwaj
RS. Prevalence and characterization of rotaviruses in children hospitalized for diarrheal disease in a tertiary care hospital, Pune. Indian J Med Microbiol. 2017;35:33-36.
[Table / Fig - 1] [Table / Fig - 2] [Table / Fig - 3] [Table / Fig - 4] [Table / Fig - 5] [Table / Fig - 6]
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Tag: Leopold
The Santa Cruz FAA Meeting at Loma Prieta
July 24, 2015 ng 3 comments
The LATEST update on this meeting:
On 7/31/2015, the Save Our Skies Santa Cruz executive committee released their summary of the meeting. Review the PDF here.
UPDATE 10p pacific:
Most people who attended the Loma Prieta meeting, agreed the FAA listened.
It was flatly stated that the reason the meeting happened at all, was because of Congressman Sam Farr.
That pressure is unwanted and the FAA wants it to stop. They are willing to continue dialog via e-mail, as long as it is limited and viewed as productive.
The FAA committed to fast-tracking any changes (6 months, instead of 2 years) and will review why things aren’t working. Our neighbors were able to document several issues regarding the performance of the route: Violations of airspeed limits and issues related to adjacent SFO Class-B airspace were discussed.
The FAA also stated (and we know this) that the closer you get to the airport, the more routes become interdependent and in conflict with each other. Therefore, the harder things become to change. The FAA also stated that any “Federal Action” on the Northern California Metroplex is closed. Thus, significant changes will be new Federal Actions.
1. The SERFR1 arrival procedure is not working as it should and will be reviewed for possible modification. Fanning out planes on descent was stated to be a possible mitigation to the well documented intensity.
2. SERFR1 alignment on ANJEE may be possible but problematic. When first presented to the public by the FAA it was clearly stated the route should transition thru ANJEE and that the design was incomplete.
3. Altitudes for planes crossing BRIX could be raised if constraints were be added to SERFR1.
4. The FAA clearly resisted PORTE departure changes. Glen Martin clearly stated that he cannot design an efficient transportation system with lots of restrictions on departures. We believe this is touted as one of the ways that NextGen saves fuel by getting departures pointed at their destinations sooner. On a side-note, this is a big sticking point in Phoenix.
It was pointed out that if the PORTE fan out was moved slightly further out, the crossing altitudes could be increased. The cost of that should be considered against that of property owners on the ground.
During the meeting, it was made clear reduced fuel cost is being traded for larger noise impact areas and inescapably reduced property values and (your) quality of life.
We believe there was some acknowledgment that this balance/trade-off could be considered in route designs, but because there is no policy guidance on this issue – it is not a consideration for the FAA when noise levels are below the official noise impact thresholds that are only relevant in the immediate area of the airport (65DNL).
This is something for Congresswoman Eshoo and Congressman Farr to consider – how to codify such lack of balance.
Click below to review additional media coverage:
KION & KSBW
\/\/\
UPDATE 7:39p pacific
According to the Sentinel:
Meanwhile, at Loma Prieta Elementary School on Summit Road, representatives from the FAA met with leaders from the neighborhood group Save Our Skies Santa Cruz and local elected officials and their aides in a private meeting. Neither the public nor the press were allowed to attend the meeting. From the FAA, regional manager Glen Martin and his assistant Steve May, vice president of Mission Control Elizabeth Ray and FAA spokesman Ian Gregor attended the meeting.
“We found the FAA much more responsive than we thought they might be,” said Patrick Meyer, co-founder of Save Our Skies. “They listened to our concerns and talked about a timeline in terms of getting back to us on a number of things.”
Regarding the speed breaks, the FAA said that’s something it could start working on now. As for raising the altitude of descending planes, the FAA said it would get back to Save Our Skies in about six months.
The FAA also expressed interest in a future public meeting.
“The meeting was productive. It’s a good first step,” said Alec Arago, district director for Rep. Sam Farr, D-Carmel. “I think the congressman feels this is the dialogue that should have preceded the decision to move the route.”
Find the link to the article here:
http://www.santacruzsentinel.com/20150724/residents-protest-new-flight-path-during-private-faa-meeting
The meeting is underway and we anticipate today’s first meeting with the FAA to center on:
1. Explaining our perceived impact in Santa Cruz, and
2. Exploring process issues which have been identified
3. And, of course, the next steps.
One of our most competent neighbors is attending the discussion. We feel confident the most important issues will be brought forward clearly.
If the FAA has learned anything, they could leave us with something practical before they manage a better, sustainable implementation!
We are not an acoustical open sewer for the FAA and Administrator Huerta, as one of our neighbors put it.
More to come.
Solution Work?
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Nottingham Detectives
About Nottingham Detectives. Part of LocalPI.
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Once we have a pattern of movement, you can discuss with your Case Manager the best time to do surveillance to get photographic evidence, should you need it.
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If your partner doesn't drive the best option available is surveillance. In the first instance, Nottingham Detectives always recommend at least 5 hours surveillance. This will allow us to monitor your partners movements and give us a good indication as to whether further investigation would be necessary. You can then discuss with your Case Manager if additional surveillance would be beneficial to you.
If you know when the surveillance should take place, we would require:
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In the first instance we always recommend that you contact one of our Case Managers to discuss the most cost-effective way forward.
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Nottingham is the seventh-largest urban area in the United Kingdom, ranking between those of Liverpool and Sheffield.
Nottingham is famed for its links with the Robin Hood legend.
Nottingham obtained worldwide recognition for its lace-making and bicycle industries.
Nottingham was granted its city charter as part of the Diamond Jubilee celebrations of Queen Victoria in 1897.
Nottingham was one of the boroughs reformed by the Municipal Corporations Act 1835.
Nottingham is also headquarters of Paul Smith, the high fashion house.
Nottingham is progressively changing from an industrial city to one based largely in the service sector.
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HOME > NEWSROOM > ARTICLES > Pediatricians Association Endorses Movieguide's Strategy to Change Entertainment Industry
Pediatricians Association Endorses Movieguide's Strategy to Change Entertainment Industry
The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) has expressed support for the strategy adopted by Movieguide to encourage Hollywood to create more positive content for children and teenagers.
In a revised policy statement released October 28 at its National Conference & Exhibition in Orlando, FL, the AAP advised its 60,000 pediatrics members to "challenge the entertainment industry to create positive content for children and teens, and advocate for strong rules about how products are marketed to youth."
"This is exactly what we've been doing since 1978," commented Dr. Ted Baehr, Chairman of Good News Communications (dba Movieguide: The Family Guide to Movies and Entertainment) and the Christian Film & Television Commission.
A long-time advocate for protecting children and teenagers from the negative effects of Hollywood and the mass media, Dr. Baehr and his organization have been meeting with Hollywood decision makers for 25 years. In 1992, they began the Annual Faith & Values Awards Gala and Report to the Entertainment Industry, which honors those Hollywood artists who make the most family-friendly and most faith-friendly movies and television programs.
"Our work with Hollywood has led to an explosion of more family-friendly movies and more movies with positive Christian content in the last 15 to 20 years," asserted Dr. Baehr, who is also a member of the NRB Board of Directors.
In its policy statement, the AAP also advised pediatricians to "work with schools to encourage media education."
"That's something we've also been doing," said Dr. Baehr, who participated in a team of scholars in the late 1970s at the City University of New York to develop the first media literacy program in the United States.
The AAP also advised parents to monitor and limit their children's media consumption as well as take an "active role in children's media education by co-viewing programs with them and discussing values."
Dr. Baehr has been advocating such parental involvement since he started Good News Communications in 1978.
American Family Association Launches Campaign for National Truth For Youth Week
John Stonestreet Appointed President of The Colson Center
Want to Make an Impact in DC? Join the NRB President’s Council
NRB Calls for Defunding Planned Parenthood
Nominate Your Organization for a 2016 NRB Media Award!
Life Without Limbs Celebrates 10th Anniversary, Launches ‘Stand Strong’
NRB Members: Highlight Your Organization in NRB Today – for Free!
NRB Members Respond to Planned Parenthood Exposé
Life Issues Institute Hosts Event in Memory of Late Pro-Life Pioneer Dr. Jack Willke
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Universal Announces 2017 Showing of Bill & Ted's Excellent Halloween Adventures as its Last
While we all wait for mega-new-coaster-announcement-day tomorrow, Universal Studios Florida dropped some major news on fans of Halloween Horror Nights today. The event's uber-popular Bill & Ted's Excellent Halloween Adventure show will be giving it's final performance this year, as the park shared on their Horror Nights website.
The event has quite a legion of followers, and the show itself has a significant cult following as well. It has played at Universal's Halloween Horror Nights for 26 years, each year presenting a comical look at pop culture as Bill and Ted work to save the world from various forces of evil. Fans are sure to want to visit this year for the finale to the duo's epic adventures.
© Universal Studios Florida
The performance has long called the theme park's Fear Factor stage as its home, with an elaborate set each year created for the show. No firm reason was given for its retirement, though rumors suggest that a combination of an upcoming redevelopment of the Fear Factor stage along with a possible desire to move away from the "edgy" content of the show are big contributing factors.
Universal Studios Hollywood ran the show for several years before controversy over its content led to its sudden cancellation in 2013. That park has since replaced it with Jabbawockeez, a hip hop dance crew. Consumer tastes are a bit different on either coasts, so it remains to be seen what kind of live entertainment will join the Orlando event in the future.
Halloween Horror Nights 2017 has already announced several mazes based on popular franchises, including American Horror Story, Saw, The Shining and Ash Vs. Evil Dead.
Labels: Halloween 2017, Universal Studios Florida
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Putin meets Pope Francis, ‘welcoming’ populist gov’t during Italy trip
Catherine Marciano and Maria Panina, Agence France-Presse
Posted at Jul 04 2019 08:19 PM | Updated as of Jul 04 2019 11:02 PM
Russian President Vladimir Putin meets with Pope Francis at the Vatican July 4, 2019. Vatican Media/Handout via REUTERS
ROME, ITALY (UPDATED) - Russian President Vladimir Putin arrived in Rome Thursday for a lightning visit including talks with Pope Francis and Italy's populist government, which has called for an easing of sanctions despite Moscow's ongoing crisis with the West.
Rome's historic center is on security lockdown for the visit with 50 streets blocked to traffic and Italian media reporting that mobile phone signals could be scrambled.
Putin landed around an hour late at Fiumicino airport and his convoy drove into Rome and the Vatican City where he met the Pope for closed-door talks.
Putin has arrived late for all three of their encounters, the last of which was in 2015 when Francis urged all parties in the conflict in Ukraine to make a "sincere effort" for peace.
Thursday's meeting comes a day before Francis receives leaders of Ukraine's Greek Catholic Church.
Pro-Russian separatists in eastern Ukraine are mostly Russian Orthodox, while those they fight are Orthodox and Greek Catholic.
Improved ties
Francis first met Putin in 2013, as the Roman Catholic Church sought to improve ties with the Russian Orthodox Church.
Only in 2009 did the Vatican and Moscow re-establish full diplomatic ties which were severed during Soviet times.
Relations have improved since the coming to power in the same year of Patriarch Kirill, who headed up the Russian Orthodox Church's diplomatic arm for years.
The Russian Orthodox Church has frequently accused the Catholic Church of proselytizing in Russia, an Orthodox Christian country of 144 million.
Francis in 2016 held a historic meeting with Kirill in Cuba, the first encounter between the heads of the 2 largest Christian churches since Christianity split into Western and Eastern branches in the 11th Century -- an event known as "The Great Schism."
Kremlin advisor Yuri Ushakov said on Wednesday that "for the time being a possible invitation for the Pope to visit Russia is not on the agenda."
Francis and Putin were to discuss matters including "preserving Christian holy sites in Syria", the Kremlin said.
After meeting the Pope, Putin will hold talks with Prime Minister Giuseppe Conte and President Sergio Mattarella.
Putin is being driven around in his six-meter-long (20-foot) armored limo by a chauffeur who has been practicing negotiating his way around the Eternal City's narrow streets. His talks with Italian leaders should be easier.
Far-right Deputy Prime Minister Matteo Salvini has often expressed admiration for Putin, and his coalition government advocates reviewing EU sanctions against Russia.
On the eve of the visit, Putin praised Salvini and his Lega party for having a "welcoming attitude" to Russia.
"They are pushing for a rapid abolition of the anti-Russian sanctions introduced by the US and the EU," Putin said in an interview with Corriere della Sera.
The US and EU have progressively imposed sanctions on Russia since its annexation of Crimea in 2014 and Moscow's involvement in the conflict in eastern Ukraine, including the shooting down of Malaysian Airlines flight MH17.
Salvini has previously visited Moscow and been pictured in pro-Putin T-shirts.
When his party won most Italian votes in May's European elections, Salvini posted a photo of himself with a picture of Putin in the background.
"Men like him (Putin) who act in the interest of their own citizens, there should be dozens in this country", Salvini said last year.
The Kremlin says Putin wants to discuss Russia-EU relations, the situation in Syria, Ukraine and Libya and Iran's nuclear program.
Sanctions revision
An EU summit last month extended economic sanctions targeting whole sectors of the Russian economy, including its crucial oil and gas industry, until the end of 2019.
Italy has not vetoed the sanctions but the EU front appears less united thanks to Rome's pro-Russian overtures.
Salvini and fellow Deputy Prime Minister Luigi Di Maio will attend a dinner for Putin in the evening, after which the Russian President will meet his old friend and former premier Silvio Berlusconi, known for his sex scandals and "bunga-bunga" parties.
"We are bound by a friendship stretching back many years," Putin said in the Corriere interview, hailing "a politician of global stature".
Putin, Pope Francis, Russia, Vatican, Rome, meeting, Orthodox, Catholic Church
Read More: Putin Pope Francis Russia Vatican Rome meeting Orthodox Catholic Church
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Go North East and Gateshead College recognised for revolutionary training programme at Princess Royal Training Awards
News • Nov 20, 2019 09:16 GMT
Go North East, the region’s largest bus operator, and Gateshead College, the best performing college in England for post 16 education and training, have been commended with a Princess Royal Training Award for their workplace learning at a ceremony that was held at St James’s Palace in London.
Go North East named first partner fully validated by National Express as part of new global standards initiative
News • Jan 16, 2019 11:05 GMT
Award-winning recruitment scheme looking for next intake of trainees
News • Aug 23, 2018 16:42 BST
A first-of-its-kind training and skills programme launched to help local unemployed people get back into work while supporting Go North East’s recruitment of new bus drivers, has gone from strength-to-strength, with the region’s largest bus operator now looking for more trainees for its September intake.
IAN_6106
Go North East visit helps put young learners on track to successful careers
News • Jul 20, 2018 09:00 BST
A behind-the-scenes depot tour, sitting through inspiring presentations and being treated like a new starter for the day were all part of a special visit to Go North East for a group of young people taking part in the Nacro Ambassador Project.
The youngsters spent the day with Go North East's training team
Further industry recognition for Go North East with double award shortlist
Go North East collecting the Operator Training Award at last year's routeone Awards
Go North East wins two accolades for innovative bus driver training programme at Recruiter Awards 2018
News • May 11, 2018 08:41 BST
The region’s largest bus company, Go North East, has been honoured for its ground-breaking Bus Driver Routeway programme at this year’s Recruiter Awards, scooping two accolades at the national awards including the top prize in the In-House Innovation in Recruitment category.
Go North East and Gateshead College at the Recruiter Awards 2018
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Conduent State & Local Solutions, Inc. v. New Hampshire Department of Transportation
Supreme Court of New Hampshire, Merrimack
CONDUENT STATE & LOCAL SOLUTIONS, INC.
NEW HAMPSHIRE DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION & a.
Argued: May 9, 2018
Cleveland, Waters and Bass, P.A., of Concord (Bryan K. Gould, Philip R. Braley, and Cooley A. Arroyo on the brief, and Mr. Gould orally), for the plaintiff.
Gordon J. MacDonald, attorney general (Jessica King, attorney, on the brief and orally), for defendant New Hampshire Department of Transportation.
Hinckley, Allen & Snyder, LLP, of Manchester (Daniel M. Deschenes and Cori P. Palmer on the brief, and Mr. Deschenes orally), for defendant Cubic Transportation Systems, Inc.
The plaintiff, Conduent State & Local Solutions, Inc. (Conduent), appeals an order of the Superior Court (Nicolosi, J.) denying Conduent's request for a declaration that defendant New Hampshire Department of Transportation (DOT) exceeded its statutory authority, and, therefore, violated the separation of powers doctrine, by procuring from defendant Cubic Transportation Systems, Inc. (Cubic) a new system to support DOT's electronic collection of tolls, using the "best value" method for evaluating competing bids. See N.H. CONST. pt. I, art. 37. On appeal, Conduent argues that DOT had no statutory authority to procure the new system because procurement authority is given to the New Hampshire Department of Administrative Services (DAS). See RSA ch. 21-I (2012 & Supp. 2017). Alternatively, Conduent asserts, even if DOT had statutory authority to procure the new system, it lacked authority to use the "best value" method for evaluating competing bids. We affirm.
The relevant facts follow. DOT collects tolls electronically through the "E-ZPass" system, which allows a vehicle with a transponder to pass through toll lanes without stopping. DOT maintains accounts for all E-ZPass users and, when a vehicle with a transponder passes through a tollbooth, a toll is charged to the account associated with the detected transponder.
The E-ZPass system requires a variety of so-called "back office" activities, such as developing and maintaining software, managing E-ZPass accounts, distributing E-ZPass transponders, interacting with credit card companies, identifying and enforcing E-ZPass violations, coordinating with electronic toll collection systems in other states, staffing E-ZPass service centers, and developing and maintaining the E-ZPass website.
Conduent has had a contract with DOT to provide these services since 2004.[1] In December 2014, DOT issued a request for proposal (RFP) soliciting bids for "a new back office system and related operations to support electronic tolling, video tolling, violation processing and E-ZPass . . . reciprocity." The RFP required bidders to submit a technical proposal and a price proposal. The RFP reserved to DOT the "sole discretion" to "reject any and all Proposals at any time."
The RFP informed prospective bidders that each proposal would be evaluated with regard to the services proposed, the qualifications of the contractor and any subcontractor, the experience and qualifications of "proposed candidates," and cost. The RFP informed prospective bidders that the bids would be evaluated on a 100-point scale with 70 points allocated to the technical proposal and 30 points allocated to the price proposal. The RFP identified the weights to be applied to the different components of the technical and price proposals and specified the criteria by which both the technical and price proposals would be judged. Once the bids were evaluated, the RFP permitted DOT to enter into contract discussions with the bidder it determined to be the best qualified based upon the specified criteria.
DOT scored Conduent higher than it scored Cubic on the price proposal, but scored Cubic higher than it scored Conduent on the technical proposal. Conduent's total score for both its price and technical proposals was 80.12; Cubic's total score was 80.76. Accordingly, DOT entered into contract negotiations with Cubic and, ultimately, executed a contract that the Governor and Executive Council approved in October 2015. We refer to the contract awarded to Cubic as the "back office system services contract."
Conduent subsequently brought the instant action, maintaining in count IX of its complaint that DOT exceeded its statutory authority, thereby violating the separation of powers doctrine, by conducting the procurement at issue. See N.H. CONST. pt. I, art. 37. Conduent moved for partial summary judgment on count IX. DOT moved to dismiss count IX, asserting, in pertinent part, that count IX was unsupported as a matter of law. Cubic moved to dismiss count IX on similar grounds and also on the ground that Conduent lacked standing to bring a claim for violation of separation of powers. The trial court resolved Conduent's partial summary judgment motion and the defendants' motions to dismiss in a single, narrative order in which the court assumed without deciding that Conduent has standing and ruled that DOT had authority to procure the back office services system contract under RSA chapter 237 and to use the "best value" method under RSA 21-I:22-a and:22-b (Supp. 2017). Conduent unsuccessfully moved for reconsideration, and this appeal followed.
I. Conduent's Standing
Before addressing the merits of Conduent's appellate arguments, we consider Cubic's assertion that Conduent has failed to establish standing to raise them. See Duncan v. State, 166 N.H. 630, 640 (2014) (explaining that ...
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Report on Business
Brookfield buying Australian retirement-home company Aveo
Australia’s Aveo Group on Wednesday said it had signed a deal with units of Brookfield Asset Management under which the Canadian firm will buy the Australian retirement home operator for A$1.27 billion.
The offer values Aveo at A$2.195 per share, which the company had disclosed earlier this month.
Aveo’s board unanimously recommends the offer, the company said in a statement.
Your time is valuable. Have the Top Business Headlines newsletter conveniently delivered to your inbox in the morning or evening. Sign up today.
Tickers mentioned in this story
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The Thing I Learned Today...
TheGoogleplexDoesNotKnow
EverythingVille
What did I learn today?
Well, as much as I like listening to Neil Young songs, I don't actually like singing that many of them.
This is one that I do like.
To play I mean...
Posted by RossK at Tuesday, March 31, 2015 1 comments
The Lunney Affair...The Hypermutable Paranoia Hypothesis.
AllYourResignations'RUs
'LectionComingVille
Never mind the evolution denial business that began on the Twittmachine and ended with Mr. Lunney's resignation from the (not)Tory federal caucus today.
Because what I find much more disturbing is the following, which is from the opening of Mr. Lunney's written statement on the matter:
"Leaders of the faith community were in Ottawa on March 25th to express their alarm at increasing and unprecedented attempts to stifle freedom of religion, conscience and expression in Canada.
They identify deliberate attempts to suppress a Christian world-view from professional and economic opportunity in law, medicine, and academia. I share these concerns. I believe the same is true in the realm of politics at senior levels..."
Sure thing Mr. Tunney.
And just because you're paranoid doesn't mean they're actually out to get you.
Not that such a realization would stop you and yours, regardless.
And, no, what happened to Trinity Western was not a stifling of religion....Instead it was a denial of institutional discrimination and enforced bigotry.
This Day In Clarkland...And As For The Actual Children Who Need Our Help Most?
WhenInDoubtSpendAFewMillionMore
OnITVille
We've written on the extremely serious deficiencies of the Minister of Child and Family Development's 'new' Integrated Case Management computer system before.
And about it's ridiculous $182 million dollar price tag.
Well, now a brand new report from the provincial auditor general (i.e. the recently hired real one, not the recently fired faux one) essentially backs all this up and says the system only works about a third of the time.
Which means that about two-thirds of the time frontline folks waste huge amounts of time switching between the new and old systems looking for personal data 'n such (which may not be protected by the way) when they instead could/should be working with, you know...actual people in actual need.
And, in the 'Chump Change For Clarkland' department (i.e. the 'Bogus Bollywood Ballpark' dollar figure) there is this, as noted by the VSun's Rob Shaw:
...Auditors were also unable to confirm the project’s final costs, which included an extra $13 million in capital, according to the audit...
Oh, and then there is the following, also from Mr. Shaw buried way, way under the lede:
...Despite all the problems, the ICM computer system was nominated by its managers in the civil service for a Premier’s Award of Excellence for innovation...
Own bathwater, drinking much?
And lest you think all this snark is not warranted....Well...Just so you know...I will never forget that this is the same ministry whose minders won't allow frontline workers spend an extra $50 bucks on kids in our care who really need it at Christmastime.
Oh, and just in case you were wondering....Yes....The Clarklandians are getting ready to it all over again with the 'Integrated Decision Making System' this time for...Get this....Sparkle Ponies!
The Keef Report...Dad!!!
Why'sEverybodyAlwaysPickingOn
The Keef's skin sure is thin.
Because after months and months of deriding them he figures teachers should be all thankful and worshipful because of a one-off he has written in the BurnabyNow.
Thing is, it looks like most of the comments that the Keef is complaining about on the Twittmachine are actually pointing out something legitimately problematic (i.e. something that is neither credible nor established) with his BNow piece.
...Last week's innocuously entitled Education Statutes Amendment Act (Bill 11) took an easy swipe at one vulnerability of B.C.'s teachers: their mysterious professional development days, which seem to have grown like untended weeds over the years...
Uh, actually...
Because while in the Keef's conventional wisdom mind's eye Pro-D days may have 'seem(ed) to have grown like untended weeds over the years', they have not.
There are actually six such days per year and that number is mandated under the provincial school act.
Because fine folks such as those that run school district 45 explicitly state it on their on their website:
...Under the School Act, British Columbia’s annual school calendar allows for six (6) non-instructional days for teachers to pursue continuous, career-long professional development.
One is a Provincial Professional Development Day, shared by all schools in the province. The other five dates are District Professional Development Days, which are established by each school district, in consultation with teachers, support staff and parents...
Perhaps if the Keef were to start actually, you know, start showing his work it might help.
Previous Keef Reports can be found...Here.
And if this one-off, which does contain some serious fact-based opinions, were to becom a real honest-to-goddess follow-up two- and/or three-off?...Well, maybe then the established tone of our highly credible, but truly idiotic, reports might just change....
Sunday Setlist, March 29th...Save The Zevon!
YouStartWithACoupleAndTheNextThingIt'sToquesAndPedalsByThe
BushelFullVille
'Twas a bit of a lazy, rainy Sunday.
And given that there was not a cinnamon bun in sight I figured it was time to sit down and do another talking pod-tuned thing.
Luckily I managed to finally find another Bruce tune that I could cover that wouldn't be butchered too badly by my warble.
And the guy from 'Girls' (the band, not the TeeVee show that my kids are obsessed with) whose name I couldn't remember is Chris Owens . The covered tune is Life in San Francisco.
The featured tune with the effecty guitarnoirish business (see image above) is the fantastic 'Coyote' from the even more fantastic 'Miss Shevaughn and Yuma Wray'. The tour diaries I most recently Youtube binged on can be found here.
As for the Zevon...Check out how seamlessly the riff fits into two other very well known classics that classic rock radio has wrecked.
And, ya, my reverb pedal is really from 'Dr. Scientist Sounds'...Go figure!...It was given to me by a Canadian indie stalwart - Mikey Manville whose wife used to work with me in the lab before they both moved back to the Center of the Universe.
Gosh, almost forgot...The little snippet at the beginning is Lisa Hannigan's 'I Don't Know'.
Here's the previous set (details here)...
Another Reason Why You Can't Keep Up With The Tweedy.
NeverEvenBeenToTupelo
WithOrWithoutHoneyAndOrMyUncleVille
A few weeks back I was lamenting how I just can't keep up with the world's greatest Dad, Jeff Tweedy.
And now he and his have shown that they they just might be the world's greatest alt.countryish (but never fishy) band that nobody can possibly keep up with.
What's a geezer with a day job supposed do in times like these?
And to think, not long ago Mr. Tweedy was playing Pawnee on the TeeVee.
Need background?....It's here.
Posted by RossK at Monday, March 30, 2015 2 comments
This Later Morning In Snookland...B.C. Is Open For Business.
TheBusinessOfBritishColumbiaIsBizness
DreamPalaceVille
The drone business that is.
Ed Pilkington of the Guardian has the story:
Amazon is testing its drone delivery service at a secret site in Canada, followingrepeated warnings by the e-commerce giant that it would go outside the US to bypass what it sees as the US federal government’s lethargic approach to the new technology.
The largest internet retailer in the world is keeping the location of its new test site closely guarded. What can be revealed is that the company’s formidable team of roboticists, software engineers, aeronautics experts and pioneers in remote sensing – including a former Nasa astronaut and the designer of the wingtip of the Boeing 787 – are now operating in British Columbia...
The only thing surprising about this is that Ms. Clark didn't hold a presser to trade double-entendres with Amazon's uber-boss Jeff Bezos the way she did previously with Richie Rich Branson.
Although, I suppose that, to be surprised one would have to assume that Ms. Clark actually know about the situation.
And you know what happens when you 'assume'.
See Unger, Felix.
This Day In Clarkland...Did Conflictyness Play A Role In The Abbott Affair?
JustATeenyTinyLittleCommunications
ProblemVille
Remember, after she apologized only for making a mess of the 'communications' aspect of the thing, how Ms. Clark explained away the not hiring/pre-emptive firing of Mr. Abbott for the Treaty Commissioner job:
...Premier Christy Clark said her cabinet vetoed the appointment of former Liberal minister George Abbott as chief of the B.C. Treaty Commission because her government wants to reform the entire treaty process.
Clark said cabinet decided to stop investing in a system that has cost $600 million and produced just four treaties in 22 years. “We have to be able to move faster and we have to find a way to include more First Nations in the process,” she said. “Fifty out of 200 First Nations involved in the process? That’s not enough. So it was a policy decision … not to appoint a treaty commissioner...
What if certain folks in certain circles (i.e. Clarkland-connected wizards and patrons, for example) started getting a wee bit nervous about the possibility that Mr. Abbott, who seemed to be getting along with everybody in the run-up to taking the job, might actually get the process moving?
Non card-carrying Club member Charlie Smith, of the GStraight, had a thought or two about that on the weekend:
...(Abbott) was excited about the prospect of bringing about reconciliation between First Nations people and the rest of society.
Less than two weeks before Abbott was about to start, the B.C. Liberal cabinet revoked his appointment. What's worse is that the premier didn't notify First Nations leaders in advance.
I can only wonder which businessperson or senior mandarin whispered in her ear that it was necessary to undermine the tripartite treaty process with this phone call to Abbott to tell him he wasn't being hired.
Was it anyone connected to plans to build oil refineries or liquefied-natural-gas facilities on the north coast? Did it have anything to do with private companies wanting to do deals with financially strapped First Nations before they had nailed down their full legal rights in the form of a treaty?
I don't have the answers to these questions, nor does anyone else until the government comes clean on this...
That's not really possible, even given the connectedness of certain members of the wizardry, previous life partners or not, and/or the pedigree of a certain patron.
Meanwhile, back in Clubland....The Dean thinks Mr. Horgan and friends got an upper hand in the 'game' last week....Which is sports reporting and hot stove analysis of the most vital kind...Because, you know, the 'game' is what this is really all about, right?
Club?...What club, you may be asking?...Well...Norm Farrell has an update on something else they are not taking seriously in the members-only lounge...
Are The Endtimes Approaching For Housing Co-Ops In Vancouver?
Where'dOurCanada
GoGoVille
With federal government subsidies, in the form of mortgage help set to end over the next decade it just might be.
Frank O'Brien Of BIV has the story:
...There are 264 housing co-operatives in B.C., mostly in Metro Vancouver. About 6,000 Vancouver residents live in co-ops, some of which are located on prime West Side real estate.
The Government of Canada started building co-operative housing in the 1970s and '80s to provide housing during a crisis in the rental sector, explained Thom Armstrong, executive director of the Co-operative Housing Federation of BC (CHF-BC).
Under the agreement, Canada Mortgage and Housing Corp. provided co-ops with a subsidy for the entire life of the mortgage, which allowed co-ops to keep rents below market value. For a percentage of members, the subsidy kept rents at 30% of their income. Those people, an estimated 1,600 in Vancouver, include single mothers, new immigrants, people with disabilities and the elderly...
And is there a potential saviour out there for those folks that need a little help most?
Of course there is:
...Housing co-ops are able to borrow funds to cover such repairs and maintenance, Armstrong said, and realize they will have to raise rents. But, without government assistance, they cannot afford to also continue subsidies for the lowest-income residents, most of whom would be forced out.
But there is a third choice open for Vancouver co-ops that are in the right locations.
“We get approached every day by real estate developers,” Armstrong said.
Some Vancouver co-ops are located on large parcels of land near Canada Line stations or have much lower density than current zoning allows, he said. This has made the properties extremely valuable...
Like I said.
Endtimes.
Posted by RossK at Sunday, March 29, 2015 3 comments
Will Newt Skywalker Come Up With A Pet Name For His New Buddy Johnny Needles?
ThatBigWingnutWelfareTrough
InTheSkyVille
From Rachelle Younglai in the Globe:
Barrick Gold Corp. has tapped former foreign affairs minister John Baird and former top U.S. lawmaker Newt Gingrich to serve on its advisory board, the company said in regulatory filings...
Johnny Needles?....You bet!
Posted by RossK at Saturday, March 28, 2015 2 comments
Bill 11...How Long Before We Become Atlanta North?
SomeConsequencesAreMoreIntended
ThanOthersVille
There is a lot of praise on the Twittmachine for the VSun's Daphne Bramham's analysis of the Clarklandian (anti)public education bill introduced in the BC legislature last week.
And that praise is, in my opinion at least, very well deserved.
Here is Ms. Bramham's lede:
A blunt reading of the B.C. government’s plan for public education is this: Impoverish it, neuter critics (including teachers and elected school trustees) and centralize control.
Once control is centralized, the blueprint seems to be to move to the American model where public school funding and teachers’ pay are linked more closely to students’ test scores...
Which has me wondering....
If this thing does, indeed, become law, how long will it be before we are forced to deal with stuff like this:
The jury deciding the Atlanta (Georgia) Public Schools cheating case will return for a sixth day of deliberations on Monday...
...Prosecutors say the 12 defendants — former administrators and teachers — conspired to cheat on the 2009 Criterion-Referenced Competency Test so the higher scores would help the district meet federal benchmarks and those set by former Superintendent Beverly Hall. In some instances, teachers prompted students as they took the standardized test, according to the charges. Other times, educators allegedly sat down, pencil in hand, and corrected wrong answers.
Consequently, there were inexplicable jumps in test scores for students who could barely read, write or do basic math...
It almost makes you think that someone with close ties to the finest of the finest fine folks from the Fraser Institute really might be working to keep all those promises that must be kept deep inside Clarklandia.
Tip O' The Toque to Rod Mickleburgh for bringing the situation in Atlanta (which is NOT an isolated incident, of course) to our attention on his highly established and extremely credible, gasp!....Blog.
Limited Climb Down On C-51...It's All About The Base.
NoTreble
Well, well, well whaddy'a know...
The (not)Tory government has done an about face by signaling that it will, in the end, be proposing amendments to C-51:
The government will propose a handful of amendments to the proposed anti-terror bill when it goes to clause-by-clause review on Tuesday, CBC News has learned, including a proposal that would protect protests from being captured by the new measures...
The MoCo report quoted above then goes on to suggest that this is all about gaining the upper hand in the house:
...Both the New Democrats and the Liberals have already served notice that they plan on putting forward amendments as well, the bulk of which would go further than what the government will propose...
Which just might be partially right, I suppose.
But I think Montreal Simon, with an assist by iPolitics' Tasha Kheiriddan, might be on to the real thing.
Which is that Mr. Harper is actually concerned with a potential fracturing of his base:
...It seems that what made them back down is pressure from their own supporters.
Bill C-51 was supposed to unite conservatives in the latest round of the War on Terror™. Instead, it’s dividing them — both on and off Parliament Hill.
Because when you have right-wingers like Connie Fournier, from the wingnut site Free Dominion, saying this:
“I feel like we’re in some kind of alternate universe,” she recently told the Tyee. “You spend your life working for the Conservative party, and the Conservative party finally gets in, and (now) you’re saying, ‘I hope the NDP really steps up and protects us from our Conservative government.'”
You know they're in trouble.
Conservatives, beware: The closer your supporters look at C-51, the less they seem to like it. If the Tories are planning on campaigning on this bill at election time, they’d better make some changes — or risk the wrath of their own people...
Guess it's not too surprising.
After all, a man that maintains power by dividing all his enemies on purpose is likely, sooner or later, to do the same thing to his friends by accident.
Or some such bizarrely base baseless thing.
Subheader?....Well....You know.
Posted by RossK at Saturday, March 28, 2015 10 comments
The Keef Report...Edu-Shiny!
And this wee bit of going for the dangled bauble without knowing what was at the core of the thing appears to have taken place before the legislation was released in full. Thus the lack of 'details'.
Which is all fine and good for an insider-accessed, shim-sham-shimmy schlepper I suppose.
But couldn't help but notice that this was followed up by the usual spate of teacher bashing as the day and night wore on.
Can Jesse Brown's Listeners Make His Media Coverage Podcast Pay?
I would say the answer, at least on a small but sustainable scale, is most definitely....
And, based on the numbers (and the average), I'd be willing to wager that most of his 2000 subscribers fronting up to the tune of 4-5 dollars per month.
Which sounds trivial, but it's actually 50-60 bucks a year.
Which is pretty darned amazing if you ask me.
You can listen to Mr. Brown's work...Here.
And you can keep up with the stories he and his are working on, and often breaking...Here.
And if you like what he's up to you can, as Brown likes to say, help pay for it...Here.
Why is this amazing to me?...Because despite how good (and important and vital) it was, Sean Holman couldn't make a financial go of PublicEyeOnline....But maybe Sean came along just a wee bit too early...And maybe he shouldn't have been giving away the audio for (almost?) free to the fine folks at CFAX...
Posted by RossK at Friday, March 27, 2015 0 comments
This Day In Clarkland...Earthquakes, Why Worry?
AllTheWorld'sA
SpinningStageVille
As Grant G. pointed out in the comments yesterday, it would appear that the 'Fracking is Fabulous!' (TM) report from the Clarklandians yesterday was actually double deflector spin.
Because, in addition to driving the Treaty fiasco off the front pages it also provided cover for the same day release of the 'Earthquake Preparedness Consultation Report'.
You can read that report in its entirety, here, if you wish.
The following is taken from the executive summary:
...While progress has been made on earthquake preparedness, and significant work is underway currently for which involved parties should be applauded, the majority of the preparedness gaps and recommendations outlined in previous reports appear to remain valid today...
Which is softball-ese for, "We are not prepared!" And, what's more, the Clarklandians are not doing their job in getting the majority of the preparedness balls rolling.
Interestingly, in their under the radar press release on the matter, the PAB-Botians in the Clarklandians employ still couldn't help themselves when it comes to schools.
Since 2001, government has spent or committed $2.2 billion to seismically upgrade or replace 213 high-risk schools:
As of January 2015, 145 schools have been upgraded or replaced, 11 schools are currently under construction, and nine schools are moving toward construction to current seismic standards.
It is anticipated government will invest an additional $600 million to address the remaining 126 high-risk schools in the province.
Once completed, approximately 150,000 B.C. students at about 339 high-risk schools throughout the province will be safer.
Hmmmmmm....
Didn't the Clarklandians themselves recently announce that those additional 126 high risk schools wouldn't be dealt with until 2030 instead of 2020?
And doesn't that mean that, using this crazy new math known as division and multiplication, that approximately 55,000 kids will be at risk for at least an additional 10 years?
Funny how the PAB-Bots didn't mention that last one, eh?
The crazy little thing called math?...Well, it goes like this...(126/339) X 150,000....Importantly such an operation doesn't even require the distributive principle, which is grade 9 stuff if I remember correctly...Thus, I would think that even the most junior PAB-Botian could figure that one out.
Also in the comments to yesterday's post....Guy In Victoria asked if we could just save the money we need to actually do stuff by halting the work of the PAB-Bots and their reports 'n stuff?...Well...As we've kinda/sorta wondered before, what the heckfire would the PAB-Bots do then...Become Park Rangers?
Nevermind The Pro-D Day Bollocks...Read Section 32.
AllYourBoards'R
OursVille
Because all of this professional development of teachers blather is nothing but bamboozle-bait for the Keefs and their ilk.
The real crux of the thing is the following, from section 32 of Bill 11:
168.03 (1) The minister may, by order, issue an administrative directive to a board if the minister believes
(a) the board is failing or has failed to meet its obligations under the Act, or
(b) it is in the public interest to do so.
(2) A board that is subject to an administrative directive under subsection (1) may exercise its powers under this or any other Act only in accordance with the terms and conditions of the administrative directive.
(3) During the period of time that a board is subject to an administrative directive, the board may be exempted from the application of any or all of the following:
(a) a regulation of the Lieutenant Governor in Council under this Act, by order of the Lieutenant Governor in Council;
(b) a regulation of the minister, by order of the minister;
(c) a ministerial order, by the administrative directive.
(4) Failure of a board to comply with an administrative directive under subsection (1) is grounds for the appointment of an official trustee.
In other words, if elected school boards don't do what they are told they will be taken over.
And that autocratic.
And that anti-democratic.
Because, like trains and trillion dollar sparkle ponies, the schools must run on time.
What is this Keef business, you ask?...Well...This (scroll on down and down).
Sunday Setlist.
RumoursOfTheDeathOfTheSetlistHaveBeen
GreatlyExaggeratedVille
I started these awhile back when our oldest kid was away at school. They contained a little news for her and new cover tunes I was working on.
Well, she's back now.
So the Setlists have been on the shelf for awhile.
This is a new one and it's a little more generic, at least in the news department.
Here are the tunes...
#1 Don't Forget The Flowers - Wilco...If you're interested, a nice bit of Mr. Tweedy being the world's greatest Dad (and more) can be found...Here.
#2 Utilities - The Weakerthans....Again, have I mentioned lately that John K. Sampson is a genius?
#3 Christmastime in the Mountains - Palace Songs...I first heard this buried in a Hansard/Irglova/Frames live version of Star-Star awhile back, sung by Joe Doyle...Then, a few of weeks ago I came across it as a home recording from Miss Shevaughn and Yuma Wray...If you want to know why the latter folks are my new musical favourites check out...This.
#4 Devil Town - Daniel Johnston...You want my opinion?...This is THE gateway to LoFi...And it can be just about just about anything you want anytime you sing it...Me, at the moment I'm thinking Casino-Industrial Complexes and those who back, and profit, from them.
Here's the list....
Image at the top of the post...The Geezers behind Bigger E. at Cuppa Joy, on Fourth, far west Lotusland, on Friday February 13th.
This Evening In Clarkland...Fracking Is Fabulous!
Reports'RUs
SpinORamaLlamaDingDongVille
The comprehensive report on the health effects of fracking, which the Clarklandians received in November, was suddenly released today (gosh, I wonder why?).
And guess what...
According to the Clarklandians at least, everything is just peachy.
The GStraight's Travis Lupick has the story. Here's his lede:
A highly anticipated government report states residents of B.C.’s northeast have little to fear from hydraulic fracturing (fracking) and other oil and gas operations that have intensified in recent years....
Mr. Lupick also notes the following:
The B.C. Ministry of Health’s findings stand in contrast to those of a similar study that examined fracking in New York State.
In December 2014, the New York Times described that report as “concluding that the method posed inestimable public-health risks”.
That document's release prompted New York Governor Andrew Cuomo to announce his administration would implement an outright ban on fracking “because of concerns over health”...
The Clarklandian's press release on the fabulousness can be found...Here.
The actual reports 'n stuff can be found...Here.
And we actually have a pretty good idea as to why the 'good news' was released today...In fact, things are unfolding pretty much exactly as we predicted they would (and even more so, the way Lew called it in the comments)...
Posted by RossK at Thursday, March 26, 2015 6 comments
The Treaty Commissioner Calls Out The Premier
Unilateralize
This!Ville
First, the 'call', from Premier Christy Clark, as noted by the VTC's Lindsay Kines earlier this morning:
...“In terms of next steps — whether or not the treaty commission will be changed, whether or not it will continue to exist, how all that future will unfold with respect to treaties — is going to be something that we do together with First Nations.” ...
Second, the 'call out', from current Chief Commissioner Sophie Pierre in a press release from later today titled, "Unilateral Action By BC Government Undermines Treaty Negotiations":
..."Let's not trivialize the issue. The facts are simple - we need the Premier and Prime Minister's commitment to treaty negotiations. I have been asking for a commitment right from the get go, but we seem to be going backwards to a dark time when BC questioned the need to engage in treaty negotiations at all," said Sophie Pierre.
{snippety doo-dah}
..."You don't make positive change by unilaterally blocking the Chief Commissioner appointment"...
In other words, our essentially incoherent 'Say Anything!' Premier is not actually doing anything with anybody that needs to be 'engaged', whatsoever.
Because, the facts so far strongly suggest that this entirely an inside job of her (and her wizards and patrons) own making.
But I'm sure we'll hear all about just what an outstanding job (of grandstanding) Ms. Clark did in the Ledge today and how important Mr. Fassbender's initiative and the fracking report for the next 48 hours or so, until the newscycle is, essentially, done.
On the newscycle management thingy...The fact that Ms. Pierre released her statement today and did not wait until, say, Monday, indicate that her words and deeds (and office) are likely not being directed entirely by wizards and PAB-Bot clones. Good on her.
This Afternoon In Clarkland...The Withholding.
AllOurReportsAreTheirs
UntilTheyAreReadyForSpinningVille
There is sure to be a lot of blather and babble about the effects of fracking report that will be released by the Clarklandians later today.
When you tire of trying to elbow your way through all B&B in an effort to get to the heart of the matter do not forget the following from a piece by Justine Hunter in the Globe:
B.C.’s Ministry of Health is withholding the results of scientific research on how oil and gas operations in the province’s northeast communities are affecting human health.
Health Minister Terry Lake said Thursday that a report, which has been on his desk since last fall, is still being studied by several departments in government and he hopes to release the results “soon.”...
When did Ms. Hunter's piece come out?
February 19th.
And think about whether the Clarklandian wizards figure they need a deflector spike spin story this week.
Tip 'O The Toque to Travis Lupick via the Twittmachine.
This Day In Clarkland...What The Premier Did Not Apologize For.
TheArtOfTheHerOwnPrivateImpossible
TotalDestructionPoliticsVille
NW's Shane Woodward has the 'apology':
That from the Premier after former Liberal MLA and a man she ran against for the leadership of the party was vetoed from a promised post at the eleventh hour.
“The communication with George was terrible. It was an example of really really poor communication.”
As for who is ultimately responsible for the decision, Christy Clark said “I take responsibility for the mess with the communications around it particularily with respect to George.”...
Ms. Clark will apologize for not quite getting the spin right.
But she will not apologize for throwing a massive spanner into the treaty process in British Columbia.
How come?
Well, the VTC's Lindsay Kines has that non-apology apology:
Thus, it would appear that the way to fix things is to do your best to destroy them.
Then, later, just like with say auditing, public education, ferries, pharmacare policy, regional transit strategies, apprenticeship programs, gaming, resource management and on and on and on, even the smallest of tiny 'fixes' down the road can be trumpeted as generational changes or some such codswallop.
Here's a thought.
Maybe a Premier who's only real skillset involves the art of the spin b/w blunderbuss really was sorry about messing up both.
Because, when consultative governance does not matter to you or yours (and we're not talking about cabinet here, but rather Ms. Clark's wizards and patrons), it really is kinda crummy and sadfacey when your blown spin shines a wee bit of light on the fact that your real goal is to just blow things up that are inconvenient for said wizards and patrons.
Now, you might think I'm being too harsh on Ms. Clark et al.
But if the politics of total destruction is not the wizards' and the patrons' game you would think that Ms. Clark would have a plan now that she and hers have wrecked everything.
Again, from Mr. Kines VTC piece:
And the weird thing about the firing of the good Mr. Abbott, who really did seem to be working at being truly consultative and inclusive?....Well...He was once, it would appear, at least some of the wizards' and patrons' Horse 1A.....But that was back in the dark days, I suppose, when everything was a 20-to-1 shot, at best and back-up plans were needed everywhere.
The Bleatings Of Bill Bennett...Not Just For Domestic Consumption Anymore.
InternationalIncidents'RHim
Ol'TurdstormerVille
On February 24th, Clarklandian Mining Minister Bill Bennett gave it to the Juneau Alaska Empire for what he saw as a misrepresentation of the facts:
It’s unfortunate your editorial has seized upon the Mount Polley mine tailings storage facility failure to undermine the long tradition of respectful relations and co-operation between British Columbia and Alaska on mining development and environmental protection.
A breach of this magnitude is unprecedented in British Columbia in over 160 years of mining. Major breaches of tailings storage facilities have happened all over the world, including in many U.S. states. Your suggestion, based on the Mount Polley failure, that in B.C. we are somehow less responsible in developing our mining industry than you are in Alaska, or that we’re charging forward without due care for environmental protection is based on a misrepresentation of the facts...
The fine folks who run the little newspaper in the city sometimes mistaken for Ellen Page these days were not amused.
The following is from their response published March 22nd, 2015:
It’s not often the Juneau Empire offers a rebuttal to an submitted column. Waging a back-and-forth war of words isn’t fair for the other party. We buy ink by the barrel and have dedicated staff to get the word out online as well.
However, we must respond to the Feb. 24 'My Turn' penned by Bill Bennett, the Minister of Mines for British Columbia.
Let us start off by addressing the first portion of Mr. Bennet’s piece when he states it was “unfortunate your editorial has seized upon the Mount Polley mine tailings storage facility failure to undermine the long tradition of respectful relations and co-operation between British Columbia and Alaska on mining development and environmental protection.”
Perhaps Mr. Bennett has forgotten about the Tulsequah Chief Mine. Southeast Alaska has not forgotten.
The Tulsequah Chief Mine, located south of Juneau on the Taku River just across the Canadian border, has leached acid runoff into the Taku River since its closure in the 1950s. The Taku boasts notable salmon runs, the same runs which in turn give jobs to many commercial fishermen. There were efforts to revitalize the mine, but those failed for financial reasons and to this day acid continues to taint the Taku...
...In the next section of your piece you state the Empire suggested “in B.C. we are somehow less responsible in developing our mining industry than you are in Alaska, or that we’re charging forward without due care for environmental protection.”
Mr. Bennett, there are a number of mines in B.C. that have not done good things for the surrounding environment. The concern from Alaskans stems simply from the desire to not have history repeat itself.
Take the Mount Washington Mine. This 32-acre mine was operational in the 1960s, but beginning in 1966, after the mine’s closure, the population of coho salmon that swam in the adjacent Tsolum River began to suffer. What was once a run of 15,000 fish dwindled to a low of 14 in 1987. According to the British Columbia government watershed assessment in 1995, “the fisheries resource is believed to have declined (by 90 percent) predominantly because of acid mine drainage from Mount Washington.” At one point, the fishery in the Tsolum generated as much as $2 million per year for local communities. Today, the fishery isn’t worth the cost of bait...
...We read the Mount Polley Report, Mr. Bennett, and we hope you did, too. It clearly states the best way to ensure no tailings dams fail is to discontinue their use. At our neighboring Hecla Greens Creek Mine, a dry stack tailings facility is used. This technology, as noted in the report, is not only recommended but proven to work. Today, Greens Creek is a profitable facility and one Alaskans can be proud to support because our environmental concerns were addressed.
That said, Alaskans are reasonable. We understand that every mine is different. We understand each facility demands a unique solution for tailings storage. But we are concerned that solutions to prevent or completely eliminate a dam breach seem to be going unexplored. Red Chris, for instance, is already filling its tailings facility. Meanwhile, we have heard nothing on whether additional environmental protections have been put in place since the Mount Polley disaster.
Furthermore, you state Red Chris “has not received a permit to go into production.” Yet, a press release from the parent company Imperial Metals on March 2 stated “the plant’s full 12-hour operating shift, without stoppage, took place on February 22,” two days before we published your piece. “The plant milled approximately 15,500 tonnes during that 12-hour period,” the release stated. In February, Red Chris processed just over 193,000 metric tons producing about 2,400 metric tons of copper concentrate.
That sure sounds like “production” to us...
Bring it on, indeed.
And we await, with bated breath, the call out of the Alaskans by the Keef for their lack of standards and/or credibility...Because everybody knows that small time newspaper editors are only a cut above idiot bloggers, right?
Posted by RossK at Sunday, March 22, 2015 16 comments
Things That I Learned Today...
YouCanPlayAnElectricGuitarWithoutAn
AmplifierVille
I learned that the Whackadoodle loves rolling in goose poo.
Well, actually, I already knew that, but today she made sure I'll never forget it.
I also learned that I am a sucker for modern, video-assisted adventure stories.
And one of those is the story of how Miss Shevaughn and Yuma Wray quit their day jobs and travelled around North America for a year on a shoestring playing shows wherever and whenever anybody would let them.
It made for interesting between gig-times as well, including nights spent sleeping inside their lofted-out Honda Element in Walmart parking lots.
You can read a little bit about Ms. S and YW's adventures, and more, here and here...You can also listen to their stuff for free (Track 3 highly recommended; and then buy it if you like it)...Here.
Should It Matter If The Auditor Of The Auditor Is Not Really An Auditor?
AllYourAppointments'R
More specifically.
Does it matter if they really are a political appointee?
According to the ever hedging Dean of the Legislative Press Gallery at least, it almost kinda/sorta matters.
But not really:
...(George) Abbott didn’t sound all that bitter when I spoke to him, other than over how they (i.e. the BC Liberal Government) “kept me on the hook for six months” before unceremoniously dumping him.
His immediate intention is to get back to work on the doctorate in political science he is pursuing at the University of Victoria...
...He’s also reactivating the consulting business that he shares with former deputy minister of finance Chris Trumpy.
Coincidentally, Trumpy was also in the news Thursday, having been appointed by the overseer audit council to review the troubled auditor general for local government.
Blasting the appointment and refusing to cooperate was the auditor herself, Basia Ruta. Among her grounds was the fanciful notion that Trumpy (who served as deputy finance minister to three NDP premiers and one Liberal) was somehow too close to the Liberals because of his association with Abbott.
“She just lost her main argument,” laughed Abbott when I filled him in. “I’m not that close to them anymore, clearly.”
The good Mr. Trumpy worked for the Dippers AND the Liberals?
Guess that means he's not really connected to the latter, so why worry.
After all, it's not like the uber-good Mr. Trumpy was not involved in helping to take care of the mother of all BCL Campbell/Clark/Clark/Collins whoppers from days gone by.
Although, how could we possibly know stuff like that given that we have neither standards nor credibility?
Turns out we have both a memory and the still invaluable archives of Sean Holman's PublicEye.
The following comes from a 2004 media scrum that occurred the day the Railgate search warrants were first unsealed:
(BCL Gov't Finance) Minister (Gary) Collins: Government is not doing an investigation. That's not our role. The investigators are doing their investigation. So we're not out there looking into any allegations that might be contained in there. There are people who do that. That's their job. They're doing that now. And when they're finished doing their job we'll all now about it.
Media: Don't you think government has responsibility to take a look into these things to make sure processes that are currently in place...?
Minister Collins: But we did many things. The B.C. Rail file - we assigned one of our most senior and respected civil servants to lead that: Chris Trumpy. You all know who he is and his reputation is held in the highest regard by everyone. He was the one working on that...
Nuff said?
The real question, not being asked by the Dean and his ilk, of course, is...Why are the Clarklandians running around appointing all these auditors of auditors and counter auditors of auditors when they themselves are in trouble over their own appointment of faux auditors?...Well...In my opinion, to even begin to answer such a question you have to think not like someone who is trying to govern but rather like someone who is always spinning...When you do that, and when you realize that, especially when it comes to 'deflector spike spin', the goal is to befuddle and bamboozle just enough such that 6 months down the road you will be able to call yourself the champion of all auditors who fixed a problem (rather than being called out by a toothless local proMedia as the ones who caused the problem in the first place) I think it just might make at least a little nonsensical senselessness sense.
To be absolutely fair, Bob Mackin mentioned Mr. Trumpy's Finance Ministry/BCRail connection in a tweet or three....Which has us wondering...Just where are Uncle Bob's standards (and/or Club membership) these days anyway?
And was not the good Mr. Trumpy, together with the fine Mr. Collins, a member of that illustrious of that Railgate Top 40 that never took the stand when the trial suddenly ended because of that little bitty six million dollar deal thingy.
Saturday Night's Alright For Lester Bangs Cover Fighting.
AVariationOnAnOld
ThemeVille
First, Mr. Bangs' inside-out symbiotic trapezoidal tom-tom lede on the original:
Van Morrison's Astral Weeks was released ten years, almost to the day, before this was written. It was particularly important to me because the fall of 1968 was such a terrible time: I was a physical and mental wreck, nerves shredded and ghosts and spiders looming and squatting across the mind. My social contacts had dwindled to almost none; the presence of other people made me nervous and paranoid. I spent endless days and nights sunk in an armchair in my bedroom, reading magazines, watching TV, listening to records, staring into space. I had no idea how to improve the situation and probably wouldn't have done anything about it if I had.
Astral Weeks would be the subject of this piece - i.e., the rock record with the most significance in my life so far - no matter how I'd been feeling when it came out. But in the condition I was in, it assumed at the time the quality of a beacon, a light on the far shores of the murk; what's more, it was proof that there was something left to express artistically besides nihilism and destruction. (My other big record of the day was White Light/White Heat.) It sounded like the man who made Astral Weeks was in terrible pain, pain most of Van Morrison's previous works had only suggested; but like the later albums by the Velvet Underground, there was a redemptive element in the blackness, ultimate compassion for the suffering of others, and a swath of pure beauty and mystical awe that cut right through the heart of the work...
Next, the cover:
Astral Weeks is NOT the tune I was mentioning last night...Like Mr. Hansard, I play it straight up in A.
If you'd like little more on the late, great Mr. Bangs I could never, ever recommend Maria Bustillos' piece in the New Yorker from awhile back enough. You can find it....Here.
Things I Learned Today...
You'llNeverKnowAllTheThingsYouNeed
ToKnowVille
John Doe, he of the seminal LA punk band 'X', doesn't live in Los Angeles...Instead, he hangs his guitar strap in the little town that took on Chevron and won...Richmond California.
Government bureaucracies aren't the only ones that take out the garbage and/or blindside you on a Friday afternoon. Specifically, academic ones do it too.
KK Fat, our little cat, hates springtime rainstorms.
When in doubt while trying to learn (and sing) a new Van Morrison tune, capo up!
The Keef Report...Can The Ridiculous Be Sublime?
FriendsDon'tLet
FriendsVille
...Because this time I think he might just be messing with us.
Unless, of course, something happens in the gallery on Thursday nights that we don't know about when the rest of the ledge is away for, say, spring break.
Previous Keef Reports can be found....Here.
Posted by RossK at Friday, March 20, 2015 22 comments
Has Paul Auster Lost His Marbles (And/Or His Fastball)?
ALife'sWorkIsNotWork
TomorrowAndTomorrowAndTomorrowVille
Don't get be wrong.
I consider Mr. Auster to be a literary genius.
And 'Auggie Wren's Christmas Story', despite it's lack of a tree and/or a Santa, is one of my, and my kids', favourites.
But this thing about how he wants to turn America's National pastime into a bastardized version of 50 overs cricket is just plain crazy:
As the 2015 season approaches, the Atlantic League is set to try a more extreme way of speeding up the game.
According to Fox Sports, a batter will be called out if he hits a foul ball with two strikes and will be given a walk for three balls instead of four. These changes will be tested when theLong Island Ducks host the Bridgeport Bluefish for an exhibition game on April 18.
The league said the changes for the exhibition game were proposed by a 68-year-old author and baseball fan named Paul Auster. The league also said the changes were not under consideration for regular season games and are to serve as an experiment for ways to improve the pace of games....
I mean, what's next, a complete and total ban on human rain delays?
That Christmas Story also plays a significant part of the Auster/Wayne Wang cinematic collaboration brought to life by non other than the good Mr. Keitel.
These Days In Clarkland...What's Another Hundred Million?
AllYourTechnologyAndAllYourInformationDoNot
ASparklePonyMakeVille
Remember when the Clarklandians wasted....errrr...spent almost two hundred million dollars on the 'Integrated Case Management (IT) System' for the Ministry of Child And Family Development that has never worked properly while they simultaneously refused to make it possible for frontline MCFD workers to spend an extra $50 bucks a year for kids in our care who really and truly need our help most?
It would appear that the Clarklandians are at it again, this time pushing a hundred million dollar plus 'Integrated Decision Making' system.
Paul Ramsey, blogger and IT expert (i.e. not someone with the kind of established credibility necessary to make a fuss about all things IT, allegedly) has the story.
At least he has as much of the story as he could get via an heavily redacted FOI release:
... (The braintrust) carefully prepared a business case for Treasury Board, asking for well north of $100M to rewrite every land management system in government. Forests, lands, oil and gas, heritage, the whole kit and caboodle. The business case says:
"IDM will improve the ability of the six ministries and many agencies in the NRS to work together to provide seamless, high‐quality service to proponents and the public, to provide effective resource stewardship across the province, to effectively consult with First Nations in natural resource decisions, and to contribute to cross‐government priorities."
Sounds ambitious! I wonder how they're going to accomplish this feat of re-engineering? Well, I'm going to keep on wondering, because they redacted everything in the business case except the glowing hyperbole...
And, just in case you were wondering, the same fine folks that brought us that 180 million thingy that doesn't work are apparently hard at work raking in a few more of our dollars on this new enterprise:
...However, even though we don't know how, or really why, they (i.e. the 'braintrust) are embarking on this grand adventure, we can rest assured that they are now spending money at a rate of about $10M / year making it happen, much of it on our good friends Deloitte...
(stuff in brackets, above, mine, added for clarification)
What's it really all about Alfie?
Well, I went and poked around a bit in the tiny bits that Mr. Ramsey received from his most excellent FOI adventure, and, who'd a thunk it...
"...IDM (Integrated Decision Making) is a major component of the multi‐year transformation of the Natural Resource Sector (NRS) to align legislation, processes, people and technology to allow for the integrated management of BC’s shared natural resources. IDM is a component of the NRS (Natural Resource Sector) Transformation Plan...
{snippety doodle-dandiest}
...The NRS is a key driver of economic activity and employment in the province. In order to meet the objectives of the BC Jobs Plan and other government priorities, such as supporting the development of a Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) export market...
That's right....
Sparkle Ponies!
You can read more about Mr. Ramsey's most excellent FOI adventure....Here....It's really very imformative regarding how problematic the process is for the non-established and the non-credible (i.e. your average citizen with a little knowledge and expertise in a subject who wants to find out what the heckfire is really going on).
This Day In Clarkland...When The Going Gets Tough, Send In Mr. Stone.
TooBadMoreOfTheWeirdDon'tTurn
Won't fund transit...
But as for roads 'n stuff?
Well, the good Mr. Stone has it according to Ian Bailey of the Globe:
...(Transportation minister Todd) Stone – unveiling a $2.5-billion transportation plan called B.C. on the Move during a speech to the Vancouver Board of Trade on Tuesday – said he and Ms. Clark are hoping for a Yes vote (in the Translink plebiscite). In remarks to reporters later, he added that he has delivered speeches making the case for Yes, but he said he is leaving the heavy lifting to the mayors and their allies in the Yes coalition.
“The Premier and I have said, very consistently, that this campaign is for the mayors council and the Yes coalition to lead,” he said. “It’s fundamentally up to the mayors and their coalition to get out there and sell their plan."...
{upside down snippety doodle}
...Minister (Stone) has ruled out any reforms to the controversial Vancouver region transit authority to help mayors and their allies win a plebiscite on a new tax to finance transit expansion, dismissing concerns about the issue as a “red herring.”...
{snippety dandier}
...“The Premier and I have said, very consistently, that this campaign is for the mayors council and the Yes coalition to lead,” he (Stone) said. “It’s fundamentally up to the mayors and their coalition to get out there and sell their plan.”...
(stuff in brackets, above, mine)
It would really appear that not only will the Clarklandians say anything, they'll also do anything as well.
Of course, one thing that the good Mr. Stone did not say was that it is the BC Liberal government that has run Translink since it took it hijacked it back in 2007.
Which, of course, had nothing whatsoever to do with the $200 million dollar fare gates that still aren't working (and will never work for people who purchase bus transfers) or anything, right?
And, for those commuting drivers who rant away on proMedia comment threads about how unfair either road pricing or tolls would be because of all of the taxes they already pay...Have they considered the poor sod who pays ten bucks for transit if they cross three zones every day to get too and from work (or a mere $170 bucks a month for a pass)?
Maron On Maron...And Iggy Pop.
TwoGodfathers
OnePodcastVille
One of my most anticipated Marc Maron 'WTF' podcasts of all times was the one where Iggy Pop went to the garage.
Not so much because I was all set to get all cranked up by Mr. Pop the man, the myth and the legend.
Instead, I got cranked up by how cranked-up I knew Maron was going to get without any of the chemical kind in sight.
And, in the end he (i.e. Maron) did.
And now cartoon Maron tells us why (and how). It's pretty darned hilarious...
Tip O' The Toque to the always fantastic Open Culture for a heads up on this one.
Posted by RossK at Wednesday, March 18, 2015 1 comments
Mr. Beer 'N Hockey Has A Message For The Purveyors Of The Bill That Shall Not Be Named.
DickButkusWantsHis
NumberBackVille
Which is that the generation of fauxed-up surveillance states often lead to something very different than what those doing the fauxing have in mind (careful, Mr. Beer's language is not for those in need of a fainting couch):
...(The very fine folks) who run this country have decided it is our turn to be a police state. Got a bill on a desk in Ottawa proposing to turn us into what we (and our ancestors) all ran away from. A police state with our very own RCMSS.
I have news for you and our government that might just be of interest. Just about every one of those police states our forebears or we ourselves ran from has itself been overthrown because the people could not stand it and burned it down. Some of those places have become and stayed better places once the rebellion or revolution was done. Some of them became a ...(heckfire)... of a lot worse.
I do not need to tell you who's who.
Point is, by making Canada into a police state our present government is guaranteeing this country will one day be turned into something much more free than they could possibly imagine or something much worse than they could possibly imagine...
It's hard to argue with Mr. Beer.
After all, concerted extremism (and that includes state-sponsored extremism) pretty much always breeds more extemism of one kind or another.
Transparency? We Don't Need (To Cover) No Stinking Transparency!
ThereIsA
ClubVille
Did you know that the provincial Dippers introduced a bill last week that would increase government transparency significantly, to a level that would make it possible for super sleuths like Bob Mackin and citizen sleuths like Norm Farrell to do their job/follow the money without wasting time and treasure being forced to forever FOI themselves?
How come neither you nor I knew about this?
Because the Lotuslandian proMedia refused to cover it.
Over the mountains, but not too far away guy (and former Lotuslandian super sleuth himself), Sean Holman has the story:
...(T)here’s value in journalists covering the opposition’s proposed reforms because such stories help inform the public about the flaws in British Columbia’s freedom of information system.
But a search of the Canadian Newsstand database and Google News turns up no stories about those reforms.
By comparison, when federal Liberal Leader Justin Trudeau announced a much weaker freedom of information initiative, he nabbed at least five stories about that proposal – including an editorial from the Globe and Mail endorsing it...
Don't know about you, but Mr. Holman's regular Monday morning blog posts have fast become a must read for me....On a whole lotta levels from Federal to Municipal...
Subheader got you wondering?....Well...This.
The Translink Referendum Shuffle...Do We Have A New Winner?
SpinEvery
ThingVille
For quite some time I have been saying that the only real winners in this plebiscite thing will be the flack-hackery.
Recently, however, Charlie Smith, following up on an interesting blog piece from 'August Views', suggested there might be another group of winners:
I've been poking around on the Internet trying to figure out how the B.C. Liberals decided to include a transit referendum in their 2013 election platform. But I still haven't been able to determine who came up with this clunker of an idea.
Was it Mike de Jong? Rich Coleman? Or the premier herself?
At times, I've wondered if a confederate of Stephen Harper might have slipped it into the B.C. Liberal platform in the hope that it would provide data-mining opportunities in advance of the next federal election...
If the hard rock poli-candy data miners do win, does that mean I've been wrong lo these many weeks that have already passed (and lo these many weeks still to come before May 29th)?
Perhaps, unless...
The miners and the flack-hackery are one and the same.
Perish the thought.
There's another potentially important 'winning' thing to consider here, which is that this three month long campaign gives the flack hackin' pick 'n shovel boys and girls all kinds of time and media space to try out all kinds of 'messages' to see what works and what doesn't before the coming federal election...
Plastics Watch: China to Ban Single-Use Plastics, Malaysia Rejects Waste Shipments
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Erskine, Thomas Erskine, Baron, 1750-1823
Hastings, Francis Rawdon-Hastings, Marquess of, 1754-1826
Holland, Henry Richard Vassall, Baron, 1773-1840
Buckingham and Chandos, Richard Temple Nugent Brydges Chandos, Duke of, 1776-1839 (6)
Buckingham, George Nugent Temple Grenville, Marquess of, 1753-1813 (6)
Ellenborough, Edward Law, Baron, 1750-1818 (6)
Lansdowne, Henry Petty-Fitzmaurice, Marquess of, 1780-1863 (6)
Spencer, George John Spencer, Earl, 1758-1834 (6)
Windham, William, 1750-1810 (6)
Tierney, George, 1761-1830 (5)
Whitbread, Samuel, 1764-1815 (5)
Bedford, John Russell, Duke of, 1766-1839 (4)
Canning, George, 1770-1827 (4)
Carlisle, Frederick Howard, Earl of, 1748-1825 (4)
Castlereagh, Robert Stewart, Viscount, 1769-1822 (4)
Derby, Edward Smith Stanley, Earl of, 1752-1834 (4)
Fitzpatrick, Richard, 1747-1813 (4)
Liverpool, Robert Banks Jenkinson, Earl of, 1770-1828 (4)
Norfolk, Charles Howard, Duke of, 1746-1815 (4)
Perceval, Spencer, 1762-1812 (4)
St. Vincent, John Jervis, Viscount, 1735-1823 (4)
Burdette, Francis, Sir, 1770-1844 (3)
Eldon, John Scott, Earl of, 1751-1838 (3)
Fox, Charles James, 1749-1806 (3)
French in art (3)
Grattan, Henry, 1746-1820 (3)
Hanger, George, 1751?-1824 (3)
Irish in art (3)
Melville, Henry Dundas, Viscount, 1742-1811 (3)
Rose, George, 1744-1818 (3)
Tooke, John Horne, 1736-1812 (3)
William IV, King of Great Britain, 1765-1837 (3)
Abbot, Charles, Baron Colchester, 1757-1829 (2)
Courtenay, John, 1738-1816 (2)
Emperors in art (2)
George III, King of Great Britain, 1738-1820 (2)
Grafton, Augustus Henry Fitzroy, Duke of, 1735-1811 (2)
Stanhope, Charles Stanhope, Earl, 1753-1816 (2)
Taylor, Michael Angelo, 1757-1834 (2)
Cobbett, William, 1763-1835 (1)
Emperors (1)
Paull, James, 1770-1808 (1)
Pitt, William, 1759-1806 (1)
Portland, William Henry Cavendish-Bentinck, Duke of, 1738-1809 (1)
Pratt, John Jeffreys, Marquis of Camden, 1759-1840 (1)
Stuart, John, 1751-1827 (1)
Talleyrand-Perigord, Charles Maurice de, prince de Benevent, 1754-1838 (1)
Broad-Bottom drones storming the hive - wasps, hornets & bumble-bees joining in the attack [copy 1]
Westminster conscripts under the Training Act
The pigs possessed - or - The Broad bottom'd litter running headlong into ye sea of perdition [copy 1]
Origin: London:Humphrey, Hannah, fl. 1774-1817 1817
Disciples catching the mantle
Political mathematicians, shaking the Broad Bottom'd hemispheres
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LG G8 coming April 11 for as low as 670
$210 at Best Buy Now playing: Watch this: LG’s 5G-rocking V50 ThinQ and G8: Editors react Sarah Tew/CNET $90 at Daily Steals via Google Express See It $520 at HP CNET may get a commission from retail offers. Review • LG G8 ThinQ review: LG’s flagship can’t beat the Galaxy S10E Apple iPhone XS Amazon Sarah Tew/CNET $829 LG G8 is a Galaxy S10 alternative, available April 11 Rylo What’s cooler: A snapshot of a firework exploding in front of you, or full 360-degree video of all the fireworks and all the reactions to seeing them? Oooh, ahhh, indeed. At $250, the compact Rylo dual-lens camera is selling for its lowest price yet. And for an extra $50, you can get the bundle that includes the waterproof housing.This deal runs through Sept. 3; it usually costs $500. LG G8 ThinQ Angela Lang/CNET LG’s 2019 flagship, the G8 ThinQ, is almost ready for your pocket. It launched at MWC this year, but now we know that you’ll be able to preorder it in the US starting March 29. The company’s offering a limited-time promotion for $150 off the retail price of $820 (for qualified buyers), and it will start dropping into hands on April 11.Initial sales will be through LG’s usual suspects: AT&T, Best Buy, B&H, Sprint, T-Mobile, US Cellular, Verizon, and Xfinity Mobile. The G8’s headline feature is its vein-reading hand-sign-in security with a limited set of touchless gesture controls using the front-facing camera. While we weren’t impressed by the execution of these features — they felt distinctly first-gen — and it had to compete with more buzzworthy foldable phones like the Samsung’s Galaxy Fold announced at the same time, we did see promise in the technology. I thought this might be a mistake, but, no, the weirdly named HP Laptop 15t Value is indeed quite the value at this price. Specs include an Intel Core i7 processor, 12GB of RAM, a 256GB solid-state drive and a 15.6-inch display. However, I strongly recommend paying an extra $50 to upgrade that display to FHD (1,920×1,080), because you’re not likely to be happy with the native 1,366×768 resolution. Tidal 3-month family subscription: $5.99 (save $54) JBL Soundgear wearable speaker: $90 (save $160) Best Buy 7:44 CNET may get a commission from retail offers. Read the Rylo camera preview HP Laptop 15t Value: $520 (save $780) Preview • iPhone XS is the new $1,000 iPhone X Lenovo 130-15AST 15.6-inch laptop: $210 (save $90) Formerly known as the Google Home Hub, Google’s Nest Hub packs a wealth of Google Assistant goodness into a 7-inch screen. At $59, this is within a buck of the best price we’ve seen. It lists for $129 and sells elsewhere in the $89-to-$99 range.This is one item of many available as part of eBay’s Labor Day Sale (which, at this writing, doesn’t specifically mention Labor Day, but that’s how it was pitched to us). Share your voice 1 Lenovo Smart Clock: $59.99 (save $20) Rylo 5.8K 360 Video Camera: $250 (save $250) LG,I’m shocked — shocked! — to learn that stores are turning Labor Day into an excuse to sell stuff. Wait — no, I’m not. As much as I respect the original intent of the holiday (which became official back in 1894), to most of us, it’s just a bonus day off — one that’s blissfully tacked onto a weekend. So, yeah, stores; go ahead, run your sales. I’m listening. Perhaps unsurprisingly, Labor Day doesn’t bring out bargains to compete with the likes of Black Friday (which will be here before you know it), but there are definitely some sales worth your time.For example:We’ve rounded up the best Labor Day mattress deals.We’ve also gathered the best Labor Day laptop deals at Best Buy.The 2019 Vizio P Series Quantum is back under $999.Be sure to check out Amazon’s roughly three dozen Labor Day deals on TVs and audio. Google Express is having a big sale as well, one that includes deals on game consoles, AirPods, iPhones, laptops and more.Below I’ve rounded up a handful of individual items I consider to be the cream of the crop, followed by a handy reference guide to other Labor Day sales. Keep in mind, of course, that products may sell out at any time, even if the sale itself is still running. Note that CNET may get a share of revenue from the sale of the products featured on this page. $60 at Best Buy Apple AirPods with Wireless Charging Case: $155 (save $45) $835 Other Labor Day sales you should check out Best Buy: In addition to some pretty solid MacBook deals that have been running for about a week already, Best Buy is offering up to 40% off major appliances like washers, dryers and stoves. There are also gift cards available with the purchase of select appliances. See it at Best BuyDell: Through Aug. 28, Dell is offering an extra 12% off various laptops, desktops and electronics. And check back starting Aug. 29 for a big batch of Labor Day doorbusters. See it at DellGlassesUSA: Aug. 29 – Sept. 3 only, you can save 65% on all frames with promo code labor65. See it at GlassesUSALenovo: The tech company is offering a large assortment of deals and doorbusters through Labor Day, with the promise of up to 56% off certain items — including, at this writing, the IdeaPad 730S laptop for $700 (save $300).See it at LenovoLensabl: Want to keep the frames you already love and paid for? Lensabl lets you mail them in for new lenses, based on your prescription. From now through Sept. 2 only, you can save 20% on the blue light-blocking lens option with promo code BLOCKBLUE. See it at LensablSears: Between now and Sept. 7, you can save up to 40% on appliances (plus an additional 10% if you shop online), up to 60% on mattresses, up to 50% on Craftsman products and more. The store is also offering some fairly hefty cashback bonuses. See it at SearsNote: This post was published previously and is continuously updated with new information.CNET’s Cheapskate scours the web for great deals on tech products and much more. For the latest deals and updates, follow the Cheapskate on Facebook and Twitter. Questions about the Cheapskate blog? Find the answers on our FAQ page, and find more great buys on the CNET Deals page. Read Lenovo Smart Clock review DJI’s answer to GoPro’s action cameras is rugged little model that’s shockproof, dustproof and waterproof down to 11 meters. It normally runs $350, but this deal drops it to $261 when you apply promo code 19LABOR10 at checkout. $261 at Daily Steals via Google Express DJI Osmo Action camera: $261 (save $89) 35 Photos The Cheapskate AT&T Wireless Google Nest Hub: $59 (save $70) Angela Lang/CNET Use promo code 19LABOR10 to get an unusually good deal on JBL’s interesting hybrid product — not quite headphones, and not quite a traditional speaker, but something you wear like neckphones to listen to music on the go. Phones Review • iPhone XS review, updated: A few luxury upgrades over the XR Free Echo Dot with an Insignia or Toshiba TV (save $50) The problem with most entry-level laptops: They come with mechanical hard drives. That makes for a mighty slow Windows experience. This Lenovo model features a 128GB solid-state drive, so it should be pretty quick to boot and load software, even with its basic processor. Plus, it has a DVD-burner! That’s not something you see in many modern laptops, especially at this price. Turo Sarah Tew/CNET Comment $999 $155 at Google Express Read the AirPods review TVs Speakers Mobile Accessories Cameras Laptops Automobiles Smart Speakers & Displays Sarah Tew/CNET An Echo Dot makes a fine match for any Fire edition TV, because you can use the latter to say things like, “Alexa, turn on the TV.” Right now, the 24-inch Insignia Fire TV Edition starts at just $100, while the 32-inch Toshiba Fire TV Editions is on sale for $130. Just add any Fire TV Edition to your cart, then add a third-gen Echo Dot, and presto: The latter is free. $6 at Tidal Chris Monroe/CNET Spotify and most other streaming services rely on compressed audio, which robs the listener of full fidelity. Enter Tidal, the only “major” service that delivers lossless audio — meaning at least on par with CD quality, if not better. Want to see (er, hear) the difference for yourself? Grab this excellent extended trial while you can. It’s just $6 for three months, and it’s good for up to six listeners. $299 at Amazon See It Tags Comments Tags Mentioned Above LG G8 ThinQ (128GB, aurora black) 7 Sprint Mentioned Above Apple iPhone XS (64GB, space gray) See It See It Recently updated to include digital-photo-frame capabilities, the Lenovo Smart Clock brings Google Assistant goodness to your nightstand. It’s a little smaller than the Amazon Echo Show 5, but also a full $30 less (and tied with Prime Day pricing) during this Best Buy Labor Day sale. Read Google Home Hub review Turo: Save $30 on any car rental See It See at Turo $999 News • Enter for your chance to win* an unlocked LG G8 ThinQ phone $999 Turo is kind of like Uber meets Airbnb: You borrow someone’s car, but you do all the driving. I’ve used it many times and found it a great alternative to traditional car-rental services — in part because you get to choose exactly the vehicle you want (not just, say, “midsize”) and in part because you can often do pickup and dropoff right outside baggage claim.Between now and Sept. 1, the first 300 people to check out can get $30 off any Turo rental with promo code LDW30. $599 Best laptops for college students: We’ve got an affordable laptop for every student. Best live TV streaming services: Ditch your cable company but keep the live channels and DVR. $59 at eBay $999 See at Amazon See it Share your voice Read DJI Osmo Action preview Boost Mobile Though not technically a Labor Day sale, it’s happening during Labor Day sale season — and it’s too good not to share. Nationwide Distributors, via Google Express, has just about the best AirPods deal we’ve seen (when you apply promo code ZBEDWZ at checkout). This is for the second-gen AirPods with the wireless charging case. Can’t imagine these will last long at this price, so if you’re interested, act fast. See it Amazon
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John Taylor Gatto, Frank Furedi and John Holt Quotations and Abstracts
Section › 2 Set Search
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John Taylor Gatto
John Taylor Gatto (1935 -) is a now retired American school teacher and author of several books on education. Named New York City Teacher of the Year in 1989, 1990, and 1991, and New York State Teacher of the Year in 1991, he is markedly critical of compulsory schooling.
When he announced his retirement, he wrote that he no longer wished to "hurt kids to make a living." Then he began a public speaking and writing career. He has received several awards, and promotes homeschooling among other things, holding that public schooling has very severe, nasty influences on children and young ones. Making children inherently confused is one of them. [Wikipedia, s.v. "John Taylor Gatto"]
❦❦❦❦
Does the mad and often brutally competitive scramble for resources – for more pay for teachers, for more equipment, for more money for schools – teach our children about us? [Fragment from David H. Albert's Publisher's Note]
I've worked as a New York City schoolteacher for the past twenty-six years. [p. ix]
From my grandfather and his independent German ways I learned a great deal. [p. x-xi]
Living in Manhattan has been for me in many ways like living on the moon . . . During that time, I've come to believe that genius is an exceedingly common human quality. [p. xi]
I began to wonder, reluctantly, whether it was possible that being in school itself was what was dumbing . . . Was it possible I had been hired not to enlarge children's power, but to diminish it? That seemed crazy . . . but slowly I began to realize that the [school] bells and the confinement, the crazy sequences, the age-segregation, the lack of privacy, the constant surveillance, and all the rest of the national curriculum of schooling were designed exactly as if someone had set out to prevent children from learning how to think and act, to coax them into addiction and dependent behavior. [p. xii]
I dropped the idea that I was an expert, whose job it was to fill the little heads with my expertise, and began to explore how I could remove those obstacles that prevented the inherent genius of children from gathering itself. [p. xii]
I get out of kids' way, I give them space and time and respect. [p. xiv]
The Seven-Lesson Schoolteacher
Teaching means different things in different places. [p. 1 ]
Self-evaluation, the staple of every major philosophical system that ever appeared on the planet, is never considered a factor. The lesson of report cards, grades, and tests is that children should not trust themselves or their parents but should instead rely on the evaluation of certified officials. [p. 10-11]
The society that has come increasingly under central control . . . shows itself in the lives we lead, the clothes we wear, the food we eat, and the green highway signs we drive by from coast to coast, all of which are the products of this control. [p. 14]
School . . . in fact it destroys communities by relegating the training of children to the hands of certified experts and by doing so it ensures our children cannot grow up fully human. [p. 14]
The seven lessons of school-teaching – confusion, class position, indifference, emotional and intellectual dependency, conditional self-esteem, surveillance – all of these lessons are prime training for permanent underclasses. [p. 17-18 ]
It is time that we squarely face the fact that institutional schoolteaching is destructive to children. Nobody survives the seven-lesson curriculum completely unscathed, not even the instructors. [p. 19]
Self-education . . . didn't hurt Benjamin Franklin that I can see. [p. 20]
The Psychopathic School
A Teacher of the Year is not the best teacher around. [p. 23]
Our nation ranks at the bottom of nineteen industrial nations in reading, writing, and arithmetic. [31 January 1990] [p. 23]
The children I teach have almost no curiosity, and what little they do have is transitory. They are uneasy with intimacy. They are materialistic, dependent, passive. [A selection] [31-32]
More money and more people pumped into this sick institution will only make it sicker. [p. 33]
At the core of . . . [very old] elite . . . education is the belief that self-knowledge is the only basis of true knowledge. [p. 34]
We need to invent curricula where each kid has a chance to develop private uniqueness and self-reliance. [p. 34]
A restructured school system . . . needs to stop being a parasite. [p. 36]
We Need Less School, Not More
[I disagree with the view that] replacing a bad network with a good one is the right way to go. [Cf. 51]
The "caring" in networks is in some important way feigned. [p. 55]
Networks like schools are not communities . . . No one survives these places with their humanity intact. [p. 56]
A vampire network like a school, which tears off huge chunks of time and energy needed for building community and family – and always asks for more – needs to have a stake driven through its heart and be nailed into its coffin . . . I say we need less school, not more. [p. 57]
Networks divide people, first from themselves and then from each other . . . Networks make people lonely. [p. 58]
Networks do great harm by appearing enough like real communities to create expectations that they can manage human social and psychological needs. The reality is they cannot. [p. 58]
[In] the world of mass-schooling, large cities have great difficulty supporting healthy community life. [Cf p. 62]
Over ninety percent of the United States' population now lives inside fifty urban aggregations. [p. 63]
Institutions . . . exist after management has been completely replaced. They are ideas come to life . . . The deepest purposes of these gigantic networks is to regulate and to make uniform . . . they cause much damage. [p. 64]
This philistine potential – that teaching the young for pay would inevitably expand into an institution for the protection of teachers, not students . . . made Socrates condemn the Sophists so strongly long ago in ancient Greece. [p. 65]
Grades and "classes" . . . a homelife and community exist . . . as antidote to the poison. [p. 66]
Good education = good job, good money, good things . . . This prescription makes both parent and student easier to regulate and intimidate. [p. 66]
Why . . . are we locking these kids up in an involuntary network with strangers for twelve years? [p. 67]
A pseudo community is just a different kind of network – its . . . most commonly shared dream is to get out to a better place. [p. 69]
Whistle-blowing against institutional malpractice is . . . a good way to get canned or relentlessly persecuted. [p. 71]
We should begin thinking about school reform by stopping these places from functioning like cysts . . . that take our money, our children, and our time and give nothing back. Do we really want more of it? [p. 73]
Schools are already a major cause of weak families and weak communities. [p. 74]
A Massachusetts Senator [Ted Kennedy] said a while ago that his state had a higher literacy rate before it adopted compulsory schooling than after. [p. 74]
Mass-education cannot work to produce a fair society because its daily practice is practice in rigged competition, suppression, and intimidation. [p. 77]
Working for official favor, grades, or other trinkets of subordination; these have no connection with education – they are the paraphernalia of servitude, not freedom. [p. 77]
According to [Bertrand] Russell, mass-schooling produced a recognizably American student: anti-intellectual, superstitious, lacking self-confidence, and with less of what Russell called "inner freedom" than his or her counterpart in any other nation he knew of, past or present. These schooled children became . . . inadequate. [p. 78]
"Good fences make good neighbors," said Robert Frost. The natural solution to learning to live together in a community is first to learn to live apart as individuals and as families. [p. 79]
Young people . . . don't have anything to work for now except money. [p. 79]
Two More Critics of State-governed Education
Not all are thrilled with a conformist-making education through public schooling. Here are two more voices that stand out in that choir.
Harold Gorst from Well over a Hundred Years Ago
I believe to be a fact . . . that the foundations of all existing education systems are absolutely false in principle; and that teaching itself, as opposed to natural development and self-culture, is the greatest obstacle to human progress that social evolution has ever had to encounter. [Harold Gorst, prefatory note]
The average educated man possesses no real individuality. He is simply a manufactured article bearing the stamp of the maker. [Gorst, 1]
The officials themselves . . . are the victims of the stupid system which has placed them in the position they occupy. The education they have received has, in the first case, unfitted them for the performance of any but mechanical and routine work; and the strain of a competitive examination, involving the most unintellectual and brain-paralyzing process of cram. [Gorst, 5]
As long as education is synonymous with cramming on an organized plan, it will continue to produce mediocrity. [Gorst, 5]
We have seen that between the stupidity of the parent and the inflexibility of the school system children have little chance of developing their natural propensities. The results surround us everywhere. [Gorst, 15]
~ೞ⬯ೞ~
Frank Furedi, a sociologist and parent, wrote Wasted: Why Education Isn't Educating in 2009. Here are some lines from his book:
The central focus of Wasted is what I consider to be the paradox of education: that the more society invests and expects of education, the less that schools and universities demand of students. [ix]
Education has become a battlefield on which often-pointless conflicts are fought. Such conflicts are not confined to any one country. They assume a particularly intense form in Anglo-American societies. [1-2
The expansion of the institution of education invariably produces meagre results. [195]
Current policies rarely address the fundamental problems, and resources are often wasted on limiting the damage caused by evading them. As a result, a significant proportion of people employed in education does very little educating. [195]
The ethos of target-setting and measuring achievement fosters a culture of self-deception throughout the institution of education. From primary to higher education, teachers spend far too much time filling in forms and ticking boxes. This is not simply a waste of time: it breeds institutional cynicism. [205]
Precisely because educational achievement is used to rank people by employers, public institutions, and the community at large, parents tend to take the schooling of their children very seriously. [207]
It is now common for parents to spend significant amounts of money for private tutors to help their children improve their examination results. Not surprisingly, the number of children entering private education has grown during the past decade. [208]
Once homework becomes an informal instrument for assessing parental behaviour, anxious fathers and mothers find it difficult to draw the line between helping and cheating. [209]
Naturally parents and children will seek to use education to pursue their private interests. . . . But education [also] requires a . . . cultural affirmation for the exercise of adult solidarity and authority. [210-11, abr.]
The failure of adult society to contain the behaviour of the young is overlooked. [211]
A great emphasis [is now] placed on the regrettable consequences of the erosion of adult authority. The failure to acknowledge this issue is the fundamental issue facing education, to which almost every problem facing schools is either directly or indirectly linked. [213]
Little of the lessons and insights that people need to learn – how to conduct relationships, communicate their problems, deal with challenges – are taught in public schools. [Toned down from p. 215]
Instead of wasting precious resources on trying to teach what cannot be taught, schools need to be orientated towards the task of providing subject-based knowledge to children. [215]
Central government has a legitimate role in outlining a basic common curriculum through which children gain access to their rightful intellectual inheritance. [217]
John Caldwell Holt (1923–85) was an American educator and author. He became a spokesperson of homeschooling or unschooling, and also a pioneer in youth rights theory.
Holt became a fifth grade teacher who spent much time with the babies and young children of his sisters and friends and was struck by the difference between the 10-year-olds (whom he liked) and the 1- and 2-year-olds: The children in the classroom, despite their rich backgrounds and high IQs, were with few exceptions frightened, timid, evasive, and self-protecting; whereas the infants at home were bold adventurers.
He held that the primary reason children did not learn in schools was fear: fear of getting the wrong answers, fear of being ridiculed by the teacher and classmates, fear of not being good enough. He maintained that this was made worse by children being forced to study things that they were not necessarily interested in.
In 1964, Holt published his first book, How Children Fail, asserting that the academic failure of schoolchildren was not despite the efforts of the schools but actually because of the schools. The book caused a raging controversy.
In his follow-up work, How Children Learn, published in 1967, Holt tried to make clear sides to the learning process of children and why he believed school short circuits that process.
Holt then became a supporter of school reform for some years, and during this period he was a visiting teacher for the education departments at Harvard University and the University of California, Berkeley. Up to this time he had put hope in causing schools to be friendlier for children. But as the years passed, he became convinced that the way schools were, was what society wanted, basically. Disillusioned with the schools system, Holt ended his teaching career in order to publicise his ideas about education full-time, and became very dedicated to homeschooling, home education.
In 1980, Holt expressed the view he had found: For exploring the world, a process which includes education, home would be the best base no matter how good the schools are. Holt was now convinced that reform of the school system was not possible because it was fundamentally flawed: He believed that children did not need to be coerced into learning; they would do so naturally if given well assorted resources. In addition to home schooling, Holt also came to espouse many youth rights.
Holt's sole book on homeschooling, Teach Your Own, was published in 1981. It quickly became the "Bible" of the early homeschooling movement. It was revised by his colleague Patrick Farenga and republished in 2003 by Perseus Books.
Holt wrote a number of books that have influenced the unschooling, that is, far more free-ranging movements of individuals and organizations. Below is a large part of Holt's books.
Furedi, Frank. Wasted: Why Education Isn't Educating. London: Continuum International Publishing, 2009.
Gatto, John Taylor. Dumbing Us Down: The Hidden Curriculum of Compulsory Schooling. Philadelphia, PA: New Society, 1992 (The first edition).
Gatto, John Taylor. The Underground History of American Education: A Schoolteacher's Intimate Investigation into the Problem of Modern Schooling. New York. The Oxford Village Press, 2003.
Gorst, Harold Edward. The Curse of Education. 3rd ed. London: Grant Richards. 1901.
Faranga, Patrick, and and Carlo Ricci, eds. The Legacy of John Holt: A Man Who Genuinely Understood, Trusted, and Respected Children. Smashwords ed. Medford, MA: HoltGWS LLC, 2014.
Holt, John. Escape From Childhood: The Needs and Rights of Children.
Holt, John. Freedom and Beyond. Penguin Books, 1973
Holt, John. How Children Fail. Rev. ed. Penguin, 1984.
Holt, John. How Children Learn. Rev. ed. Penguin, 1984.
Holt, John. Learning all the Time. New ed. Da Capo Press, 1990
Holt, John. What Do I Do Monday? Dutton, 1970.
Holt, John. The Underachieving School. Penguin Books, 1971.
Holt, John, and Patrick Farenga. Teach Your Own: The John Holt Book of Homeschooling. Cambridge, MA: Da Capo Press, 2003.
Rothbard, Murray N. Education: Free and Compulsory. Auburn, Alabama: Ludwig von Mises Institute, 1999
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Get Laurie Records essential facts below, , or join the Laurie Records discussion. Add Laurie Records to your PopFlock.com topic list for future reference or share this resource on social media.
Capitol Music Group/Universal Music Group
Gene Schwartz
Allan I. Sussel
Laurie Records was a record label started in 1958 by brothers Robert and Gene Schwartz, and Allan I. Sussel. Sussel's earlier record company, Jamie Records (named after his elder daughter), had been unsuccessful, and as a result, Sussel joined forces with Schwartz to found Laurie Records, named after his other daughter, Laura Sue Sussel. By the early 1960s, Elliot Greenberg, an arranger and friend of Schwartz's, gained a 12% ownership of the company. Gene's brother Bob Schwartz also became involved in the company. The company grew to include subsidiary labels, most notably Andie Records, named after Sussel's youngest daughter, Andrea Jo Sussel (which later changed its name to Rust Records).
The label variations for Laurie singles were of three types: First, a grey label with Laurie Records written across the top. This was used for first release only, #3013. It then changed to a sky blue label, with the same basic printing of Laurie Records, from #3014 thru #3020. After the first few singles had been released, it changed to the typically recognized label of four red corners with the black square at the hole punch, with Laurie written at the top, from #3021 onward. Of those earlier releases, only #3013 and #3015, both releases by Dion & the Belmonts, were regular re-issues as part of the more familiar label design.
Among the most famous recording artists on Laurie's roster were Dion and the Belmonts, The Mystics, The Chiffons, The Jarmels, Bobby Goldsboro, and The Royal Guardsmen. Dion and the Belmonts were responsible for the first of Laurie's hit singles with their 1958 doo-wop song, "I Wonder Why". Ten years later, the group's lead vocalist, Dion DiMucci (known professionally as Dion), had a solo hit on the label with "Abraham, Martin & John". Another sizable hit for the label was the controversial song "Once You Understand", written and produced by the songwriting team of Lou Stalmman and Bobby Susser and released by the duo in 1971 under the pseudonym Think. Being a small independent record label, Laurie's chart successes usually occurred one at a time and, for the most part, with one-off hits, as was the case with the Mystics, the Jarmels, the Chiffons, and the Royal Guardsmen. In 1966, Laurie released a psychedelic single, "Charity" by the Gray Things, which appears on multiple compilation albums, including Mindrocker, a 13 CD anthology of US 60's psychedelic recordings released in Germany in 1982. "Charity" was issued in limited quantities but it remains popular today via multiple "You Tube" posts.[1]
The label also distributed records under several subsidiary labels, including Rust, Legrand, Calico, President, Providence,[2] Dolphin (not to be confused with the Liberty-owned Dolphin/Dolton label). Laurie Records also handled the American distribution of records by the British Invasion band Gerry and the Pacemakers. Jo Siopis, a well known record producer and wife of Gerry & the Pacemakers' bass player, Les Chadwick, was instrumental in the distribution of Laurie Records albums in the United States.
Laurie changed its name in the early 1980s to 3C Records. 3C stands for Continental Communications Corporation and the master recordings that 3C produced are owned by the Capitol Records unit of Universal Music Group.
Laurie Records artists
The Balloon Farm
The Bon-Aires (Rust Records)
Jack Rainwater
The Barbarians
The Birdwatchers
Mara Lynn Brown
Carlo (Carlo Mastrangelo)
California (featuring Les Fradkin)
The Chiffons (who also recorded as The Four Pennies on Rust Records)
The Clique
Church Street Five (Legrand Records)
Gary U.S. Bonds (Legrand Records)
Dean & Jean (Rust Records)
The Equals (President Records)
The Fallen Angels
The Gap (1965-1972)Ronnie Logue, Ronnie Banks and Ben Johnson
The New Gap (1971-1979)
Gerry and the Pacemakers
Rocco Granata
The Jarmels
Don Lombardi
The Music Explosion (band leader Jamie Lyons also recorded for Laurie)
Randy & the Rainbows (Rust Records)
Reparata and the Delrons
Ivo Robi?
The Royal Guardsmen
The Gray Things[3]
The Sound Investment
Tom Selden
Uncalled For
Valerie Tyler
Wigren and Drago
Barbara M
The Outsiders (as The Soul Trippers on Providence Records)
List of record labels
^ An internet search of "The Gray Things" with either "Charity" or "on Laurie Records" will confirm compilation albums and multiple You Tube" posts which, in many cases, provides the compilation album cover with the post.
^ Inc, Nielsen Business Media (1967-07-08). Billboard. Nielsen Business Media, Inc.
^ The Discography of Laurie records shows "Charity" by the "Gray Things" as record No. LR 3367
The Laurie Story
Laurie Records - 20 Collector's Records of the 50's & 60's Side 1 - 1989
Watch Add to List Share
Fallen Angels -Everytime I fall in love - Laurie Records
Rock And Roll Revival by The Five Discs on 1972 Laurie Records.
Casting Qs: Interview with Laurie Records Part 1
The Fallen Angels - I have found - Laurie Records
CHARITY on Laurie Records Video
Music Explosion - Little Bit O'Soul, 1967 Laurie Records.
Oh My Lover- The Chiffons-'1963-Laurie 3152.wmv
Dion & The Belmonts - Together On Records - Side A (Laurie Records 1963)
Dion - Candy Man /Laurie Records 1962
Dion - I 'm Gonna Make It Somehow/ Laurie Records 1962
Dion & The Belmonts - I Wonder Why on 1958 Laurie Records.
LAURIE RECORDS/Vintage/LPSNOOPY AND HIS FRIENDS THE ROYAL GUARDSMEN/
Dion & The Belmonts - Together On Records - Side B (Laurie Records 1963)
Abraham, Martin & John
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Home » Blogs » murali772's blog » Why stop at 250-storeys, Mr CM?
Why stop at 250-storeys, Mr CM?
2 June 2009 - 11:52am — murali772
Governance |
Development |
heritage |
A world-class 200-250 storey building and a garden around it. That is what may come up on the Bangalore Turf Club land. Yeddyurappa envisaged this structure during the Vikasa Sanaklp Utsav.
“We have ordered Bangalore Turf Club to shift base. There is no need to hold races a stone’s throw away from Vidhana Soudha. We are thinking of having a 200-250 storey building, which will be world famous. The remaining space can be developed as a garden,” he explained.
The government has identified land on the outskirts and the Turf Club will have to move by December-end this year.
For the full text, which appeared in yesterday's TOI, please click here
When earlier I read about the 45-storey complex being planned by BMTC at the Majestic bus stand (check here ), was when I first began feeling that namma Bengaluru was finally arriving on the international scene. Now, this is really going to take us right up there!
What makes a city international are not the achievements of its industry (Infosys, Wipro, Biocon, etc), or those of ISRO, or academic institutions like IISc, IIIT, etc. Those are all passe'. What really denotes a city's coming of age are its buildings, the taller the better, and along with it, the multitude of cars (don't we owe it to TATA's to give them some business, now that they have bought over Land-Rover and Jaguar?), wide roads, under/over-passes, fly-overs, elevated high-ways, and what have you.
Heritage, a few thousand trees are all old-world talk. We don't have time for all that. We are now a modern city, and heading to become numero uno. And, nothing is going to stop us! Jai Karnataka! Jai Bengaluru! Jai Yeddyurappa!
But, the question I would like to ask the CM avaru is why stop at 250? The tallest man-made structure presently is Burj Dubai, a skyscraper under construction in Dubai that reached 818 m (2,684 ft) in height on 17 January 2009. Now, at an average of 12 ft per floor, Bengaluru's pride is going to be 3,000 ft, which will then make it the tallest building in the world. But, the problem is that there are others in this world who are equally ambitious, and it will not be long before, we are again humbled by some upstart. So, why not take it to say 5,000 ft, which is going to take some doing to catch up?
PS: Some 'idiots' had the audacity to suggest all kinds of things in place of the race course - check here . But, what the heck! Who wants any of those kinds of regressive suggestions, anyway?
Muralidhar Rao
murali772's blog
Disgusting taste!
mcadambi - 2 Jun 2009 - 12:08pm
92 users have liked.
What a disgusting taste. Sir Ananda Coomaraswamy once famously remarked that nations are not made by it's businessmen or politicians, but by it's artists.
Even tough i am a BJP supporter, the honourable CM has lost his aesthetics!
B'lore, one among the world's 25 riskiest places for offshoring
poowonder - 2 Jun 2009 - 12:14pm
Issue of concern?
http://www.siliconindia.com/shownews/8_Indian_cities_in_worlds_25_riskiest_offshoring_locations-nid-57477.html
Regards,Poornima.
Also, recently the CM was so
pdk - 2 Jun 2009 - 12:22pm
Also, recently the CM was so moved by the plight of the Beggars Colony that he decided to move it out of his sight, to a 'better' place. Link to the DH report. His reasoning: “Being in the centre of the City and worth around Rs 1,000 crore, the land can be used for various purposes. This would be decided in the next Cabinet meeting,”.
And the new Environment Minister has said that the environment won't be a stumbling block on the path to 'development'.
We have to take the path the 'developed' world took. Later we'll see about the side-effects.
no surprises...
Arun - 2 Jun 2009 - 12:36pm
Nothing surprising...this is how this Govt is functioning
Karnataka Govt Achievement add all across India
spry - 2 Jun 2009 - 12:37pm
http://in.jagran.yahoo.com/epaper/index.php?location=10&edition=2009-06-02&pageno=15
Our CM has released full page add in most of the news papers across north india
for whom? by whom? on whose expenses? and for what reason we are seeing gross misuse of public fund
not so soon..
srinidhi - 2 Jun 2009 - 12:48pm
its also in news that the alternate land that has been allotted to the BTC is actually on a lake bed..and there are no env clearences for it yet..
btw whos gonna build the 250 stories?? who has the money?
Did anyone say..what happened to HSRL to airport??
BS...Y only talks and talks and talks..
SOS - PIL and a NO CONFIDENCE MOTION...
Vasanthkumar My... - 2 Jun 2009 - 1:25pm
F*******C (Fantastic) ^&*(*&
After reading this, my BP has gone up. I will come back for a comment later. Interalia, once upon a time we had a Germal Ruler.... I will come back later.
If the Race Course is sitting on a lake bed, then it is all the more convenient to create a mini organic forest as contemplated in the link below:
http://bangalore.praja.in/discuss/forums/2009/04/race-course-being-shifted-great-public-opinion-needed-create-a-carbon
- Vasanth Mysoremath
Min 500 storeys needed!
s_yajaman - 2 Jun 2009 - 1:53pm
I would say we should go for a minimum of 500 storeys and settle the argument once and for all on the tallest building. While we are at it we might as well have a cable car from the 500th floor to Nandi Hills.
Let's see - the Burj Dubai has a footprint of 8000 sq,m Our 250 storey building will need 10000 sq m as footprint at least. Let's say it tapers off and we have an average footprint of 6000 sqm - or about 1.5 million sq m of floor space. Say 40% loss and we still have 900,000 sqm of usable space. If purely office space it can take 150,000 people. Maybe that will be the size of the government that Mr.BSY is planning.
The Burj Dubai at one point was getting one floor every 3 days. That's right. One floor every 3 days. We can go one floor every 3 months (especially if the BBMP is given the contract). Construction can go on for 65 years. And given their recent claim that they can't close every drain (accidents happen!) we can expect a few floors without windows.
I also propose we convert Cubbon Park into a Car Park (the environment can wait for a while) for about 100000 cars (the basement of this building would have been converted to shops!).
Srivathsa
Drive safe. It is not just the car maker which can recall its product.
jokers !
shamalakittane - 2 Jun 2009 - 2:05pm
Wow ! thats it, the CM proves his ineptitude and we have to put up with the BJP government and its jokers for another 4 years and a half.
I have decided to invalidate my vote from the next elections onwards unless there is somebody really worth voting for..
our own tughlaq...way to go
namma_nadu - 2 Jun 2009 - 2:54pm
There is no need to hold races a stone's throw from vidhana soudha. How about wine shops, bars and clubs? is there a need to allow gambling and drinking at a stone's throw from vidhana soudha? and what about all those nefarious activities at LH? OK to move to the topic - 250 stories at race course..wow... and what will we do with the 250 floors. God knows if these guys are thinking (of the citizen's needs) when they mouth such crap. All that the CM & his ministers can think of - is what to do with the unlocked real estate in bangalore -- how to monetize them ? I was hoping that after the election circus, the CM & co will start focussing on infrastructure - bringing some semblance of governance to bangalore and the remaining districts of karnataka. My 2 cents - pl. convert the entire area into a urban forest ( at best we can have a walkway /pathway around the place to ensure that it can act as a carbon sink for the overpopulated areas around.
If they can't have bread let them eat cake
So said the Queen of France, Marie Antoinette. And that seems to be the unstated policy of our govt here.
What? No pavements? Don't worry we are building expressways.
What? No covers for drains? We are constructing signal free roads.
What? No water supply? We are building a 250 storey building.
Last year he announced some elevated expressways from Silkboard to Hebbal and from OM Road to Yeshwantpur. No sign of that happening. HSRL also - lots of noise no action.
This seems to be on the same lines.
BSY is not an architect
idontspam - 2 Jun 2009 - 3:27pm
Give him a break. I am sure he hasnt spent enough time on SSC to know that those types of heights are unsustainable. I think he is setting expectations and we have the right to tell him the idea is stupid. Let us start the negotiations there. There has to be a referendum on what people of Bangalore want in that space. Let the architects come out with ideas.
I think that space can be used for a building, but not all of it. We should get 80% of it to be an urban sink. While HU is busy fighting for the eucalyptus trees in lalbagh I am sure they will stop by for an agitation after the 249th (or n-1) floor has been built.
Out of 90 odd acres if we get 20 acres with a FAR of 4 we can build something with 324K Sqmtrs. 250 floors or not, you can still build a decently tall building with that much area to play, Probably 50 floors which is still tall enough for BLR and still get a lung space for the 70+ acres. A third of lalbagh.
§§§ Tweetenator
'fall' space
If BBMP/PWD is building that tall building we will anyway need space for it to fall when it rains. I bet it will be an ugly concrete monster because govt workers do not like spitting on steel and glass. They need maintainance free open to 'call-of-nature' buildings. Our city civil court is a marvel of PWD architecture. Worth a visit to learn engineering and construction practices.
CM has a great responsibility and opportunity
psaram42 - 2 Jun 2009 - 10:44pm
CM Yediyurappa is in an enviable position of being the CM with such a beautiful real estate at his feet. He is in a position to take it forward so that the best use of this land is made for which he can claim the credit. I believe the reason he got the turf club ousted was for:-
1. According to him a turf club had no business to be near the seat of power. (Many from Vidhana sowdha ended up there when he neaded them urgently)
2. He wanted the place for government use
3. The greed for accommodation needs for the seat of power is never satiated.
4. He wants the place surrounded by serenity.
Now there is a need for Mr. Yediyurappa to consult with the most talented Architects on this globe to get the perfect design for his 250 story building. Whether 250 floors, what shape etc are million Dollar questions.
There will be enough space for greenery all round. Vidhana and Vikas soudhas and the new space have to be integrated well. The greenery at the Race course available can easily have a slim sky scraper of optimum height (To be arrived at with utmost care). Just Think of the power seat of our country at New Delhi. Of course Yeddi cannot compete at that scale.
Good Luck Mr. Yediyurappa. We are with you. We want the CM's Chambers at the top floor of this edifice, which you are planning. The garden around the edifice should be better than Lal Bagh, Mughal Grdens or whichever garden you want to go after. The best is the word!!!
Not going to happen
flanker - 2 Jun 2009 - 10:35pm
Not going to happen. If at all they construct a building, it will be 50 floors at the most. Or couple of smaller towers similar to Visweswaryah tower. Or lodging for MLAs, quarters for ministers and bureaucrats. And a park of course!! When Govt attempts making commercial hubs, they end up looking like BDA complexes.
250 storeys story-planted by opposition to tarnish popularity...
Vasanthkumar My... - 3 Jun 2009 - 11:35am
Please do not take 250 storeys story seriously. Y Mr.BS would make such a monstro-city announcement? He was only trying to feel the pulse of the people (kurigalu saar kurigalu) about such an announcement if it had been made by somebody.
- I have a feeling that he has been grotesquely misquoted by the Media and CMO should send out an addendum that the opposition parties have planted the 250 stories story. He is very much concerned about the rural poor and would not waste so much money for providing facilities for the rich and famous; moreover, he has sworn in the name of formers who are the back bone of Mr.BS-why?
a garden with a view
namma_nadu - 3 Jun 2009 - 12:20pm
Apparently BSY and his close friend cum political foe Mr. Bangarappa have their personal residences off race course road. This leads me to suspect that there is more to this innocous sounding statement. Any thoughts?
abidpqa - 3 Jun 2009 - 4:07pm
Bangalore city needs at least a 50-storie building. If the city can do high tech jobs which are being outsourced to the city, why not have a real symbol of achievement. But i think it would be better to build five or ten 50-storie building and get some experience in construction and maintenance before going for a 200-storie building.
The circle has yet to turn
srkulhalli - 3 Jun 2009 - 10:38pm
While some are rightly outrage at the CM's apparent comment (one cant trust the media nowadays, as somebody rightly pointed out), I wouldnt be surprised if something like this finds the support of majority of Bangaloreans. The question is where you are in the circle of what we define progress.
I have read somewhere that China is building the city of the future and guess what, it will have no cars. The city will run on public transport, beautifull walking spaces et al. I thought we were already there 50 yrs ago. If somebody had suggested we need to block cars or the production of cars was a wrong focus 1/2 a century ago, he would have been ridiculed and considered backward, obstructionist, anti-development etc.
All those with cars and can afford cars push for better public transport, as in this forum. But the man on the bus is dreaming when he can own a car,
For eg: Bangalore airport. The biggest complaint was it was not big enough, not impressive enough, so miniscule compared to Shanghai. Did anybody really ask for, all we need is a small but efficient airport, just enough for our needs ??
When I had been to sweden, the senior manager we interacted with commutes to office by cycle. Man, we were all really impressed, really envied him (they actually have a cycle rack in office). Our gardner commutes daily on cylce, he really envies that I go around in a car.
To be honest, 15yrs ago, I would have wanted the biggest, tallest building to be in my city. The most complex flyovers, expressways, jazzy cars etc would have made be proud of this country. I never remember wanting better bus service to be the top priority, that would not make us world class, that will not tell the world India has arrived.
So depends on where you are. Until you have seen enough of it and are tired of it, you would measure yourself by what you dont have. Its very likely that a lot of people would be impressed by something like what the CM stated, and he is playing to Publics wishes.
Suhas
Progress and construction
idontspam - 4 Jun 2009 - 2:49am
The question is where you are in the circle of what we define progress.
It is an interesting question and is a larger issue. For India it is about raising per capita income along with keeping an eye on HDI and Sustainability. It is not an either-or scenario.
'Progress' is to be able to catch up on Economic, Environmental and Liveability parameters and maintain it at levels that we are reasonably happy with. We are not anywhere on all 3 counts and in trying to increase one we are destroying the others. I remember a proposal on adding a happiness quotient to our measurement of progress. I am all for it.
We need to stamp our mark on planet earth and so far the only thing we have accomplished is overpopulation and increased people density. We are underbuilt for the population we have at the same time destroyed too much to service this population. But let us not believe that by disallowing a skyscraper we will have succeded in saving planet earth. Instead it is in ensuring enough offsets are garunteed for each unit of environment used for our self defined measures of prosperity.
Ironically, skyscrapers are good for enviorement
srkulhalli - 4 Jun 2009 - 7:08am
But let us not believe that by disallowing a skyscraper we will have succeded in saving planet earth
the denser we pack in the population, for a given population, the better it is for the enviorement. I dont have the reference to the study, but if we were to take the population of Bangalore and redistribute it evenly across the land avaialble in Karnataka, that would enviorementally disastrous.
Alternatively, if we take in all the population of Karnataka and pack it into Bangalore, we will be better off enviorementally, though bad for Bangalore of course. When we pack people, utilisation of resources gets far more efficient. Imagine constructing 1000 different houses spread over 10 sq km, with all the associated roads, drainiage, water supply, electricity lines as compared to putting it all in one building (kind of common sense)
Skyscrapers are good for the enviorement, though you and me dont want it in our backyard.
I am in agreement with you, except that happiness depends a lot on non-material factors as well (lot of people without access to the basic amenities are reasonably happy too). Maybe we should have a livability index. GDP is the wrong measure.
A very rational argument indeed
psaram42 - 4 Jun 2009 - 8:26am
The points made by Suhas are very rational. An independent view though looking contrary to general belief is refreshing indeed.
Brilliantly put
s_yajaman - 4 Jun 2009 - 10:35am
Suhas,
Very well put. Each of us has his/her idea of what a world class city is and what progress is. Politicians (no matter what everyone has to say about them) are smart people. They have a very good sense of what will get the votes. So maybe the 250 storey building will find support.
I remember when I was 18 or 19 and living in HAL. We could walk up to BEML and from there see the Bangalore CBD skyline . And we used to wonder when it would start looking like New York or even Nariman point with lots of tall buildings, etc. Before Raheja, Manipal and Mittal and Duparc Trinity, etc there were only two "skyscrapers" - PUB and Vishweshwariah Building and we used to lament that. Then more of these buildings came up and we felt that we were finally "arriving". In 1988 or 1990 there were about 80,000 cars in Bangalore and I used to wonder when our per capita car ownership would also reach American standards.
There is a saying - 'be careful what you want, you might get it' :).
As you have said, each of us is in a different point on the wheel of progress. Is there any single definition of what progress is then? Deeply interesting questions. Someone in this forum can very well turn to me and say "It is all very well to preach the merits of public transport after you have had your fun driving a car for the last 20 years". What do I say to him?
We will however have to put these discussions in the context of a growing population (is it already beyond the carrying capacity of this planet), climate change/AGW and peak oil. Is our consumerism sustainable? Is exponential growth for 100s of years really possible on a finite planet? The truth (if politics every allows that) around these will determine our future course of progress. Till now progress has only been seen in terms of possessing more and consuming more (resources ultimately). I suspect that will change in the next decade or so or we and our children will pay a heavy price. Sorry for sounding preachy.
CM's office on the 250th floor..Energy minister cuts off power..
Suhas/Srivatsa avare,
Your observations remind me of a famous vachana :
Umbalilladonige, umbuva chinte (For a hungry man, his thoughts are overa few morsels of food)
Umbalu aadare, uduvaa chinte (after he gets some thing to fill his hungry stomach, his thoughts will move on to wearing some good cloths)
Udaloo aadare, iduvaa chinte (he gets some Peter England/Lee denims and then his thoughts will move on to amassing wealth)
Idaloo aadare, hendira chinte (he manages wealth, his thoughts will move on to sex)
hendiroo aadare, makkala chinthe ((he gets a wife and his thoughts will move on to children)
....... so goes on the Vachana till he plans to construct a 250 storey edifice.
- I understand / misunderstand that two separate lifts will be reserved for Farmers who will be brought from all over Karnataka in Volvo/HoHo/big10/Small5 buses to give them a feeling of how to be in 'trishanku swarga' on the 250th floor and will be given a choice to commit suicide with an insurance policy in their pockets.
250 stroeys height of stupidity. I wish the plan dies even before it reaches drawing board.
- CM Sir, first ensure a few pots of potable water and relieve the women folk in rural areas / parched draught prone areas, of their toruture since they are trudging 5 to 7 kms for precious elixir of life.
s_yajaman, I agree with you
blrpraj - 5 Jun 2009 - 12:27am
s_yajaman,
I agree with you that each of us has his or her own idea of what a world class city is. From my
travel experiences to (which includes travel to even the remotest rural places in developed
countries) let me make an attempt to define what in my mind is a world class city what
facilities/parameters are an absolute must for a world class city
1) Law Enforcement - Be it traffic enforcement, building code enforcement, land use
enforcement to preserve greenery/lakes etc., or perhaps enforcement of road design etc,
... the buck starts and stops here since enforcement is the key and building block for rest
of the parameters.
2) Basic Infrastructure -
a) good pedestrian & bycicle infrastructure like sidewalks, bike trails,
bike lanes etc.
b) good road infastructure
c) good public space infrastructure for recreation like parks&lakes.
d) realiable supply of good quality - water & electricity
e) a reliable and efficient drainage system with appropriate treatment
facilities to prevent dumping of raw sewage. Also, When I mention drainage..I am referring to
the sewer system that serves buildings as well as the storm water system serving the roads
and public places..with of course..proper segregation between the 2 systems.
f) communication infrastructure - I am not sure what to write in this section
but I think we get the picture
3) Misc services
a) Garbage collection & disposal - What else can be more important than this for a
"world class" city? Take one walk down any Indian city littered with garbage, filth, stones,
piles of mud, in some cases feces...you get the picture. A reliable and working system for
garbage collection and disposal is a key hallmark of a world class city.
b) Emergency services - Prompt and reliable emergency services like fire
service,ambulance/paramedics & police. Incidents like the attack on Taj in Mumbai where the
fire could not be battled for 2 hours because of lack of availability of water OR delayed
response in the case of Jayanagar shopping complex fire in Bangalore are a testament to lack
of reliability of such services in our cities.
e) Access to health care and education - this is open for debate. I went to a good
school and know many friends who did. Even in the absence of proper buildings and other
infrastructure quite a few people have made it big (probably by sheer grit and emphasis laid
on education by parents). We could do better on this front but I think many people have
access to good schools (I could be totally wrong on this). On healthcare front I am not sure
what to say but many people whom I know and familiar with this topic say that Canada and UK
have some of the most accessible, affordable and world class health care system+facilities
that is envied by the rest of the world.
f) last but not the least good public transport alternatives..most US cities fail in
this respect and definitely European cities win hands down.
Of course, the above list is certainly not exhaustive but those parameters seemed to stand
out on my visits be it Seattle,LA,San Diego,NY,Vancouver,London,Cardiff,Amsterdam etc. where
no matter which country, I got some consistent experience of going into a clean, well planned
and orderly city with basic facilities. Sadly, the same cannot be said of our home country
Coming back to the 250 floor proposed building, it could very well be a ill planned 250floor
building in a crumbling city without properly planned access roads, without proper building
codes & safety measures(in case of fire or earthquakes), or without proper evacuation
procedures. God help such a building and the people living in the immediate vicinity. In
Bangalore or most Indian cities an individual deserves a bravery award to walk on the roads.
Our cities fail on 95% of the above parameters I have listed for a world class city.
Petition addressed to CM by eminent Bangaloreans
murali772 - 10 Jun 2009 - 11:16pm
Dear Shri Yeddyurappa,
As concerned citizens of Bangalore, we are disturbed by a recent news report quoting you on the possible use of the piece of land in the centre of the city hitherto occupied by the Bangalore Turf Club.
According to the report, you envisage the construction of an exceptionally tall skyscraper on the land scheduled to be vacated by the BTC at the end of this year. We wish to register our strong opposition to any such plan, which we believe will only exacerbate the many serious civic problems that have come to plague this city over the past decade.
We are, in fact, surprised that you have proposed the construction of a 200-250 floor building in one of the few open spaces left in Bangalore, when just last month you had cited “pressure on traffic” as one of the reasons for the relocation of the race course (as recorded in newspaper reports on 15 May 2009). Traffic congestion is sure to be greatly intensified by any multi-storey construction on the land, let alone a building of over 200 floors.
As you know, Bangalore’s population rose by over 60% between 1991 and 2001; the next census is bound to register equally rapid population growth. In contrast, lung space in Bangalore has not grown at all; if anything, it has shrunk with the gradual reduction of the Green Belt and the take-over of lakes and tanks, wetlands and grasslands, not to mention agricultural land, both within the city and in surrounding areas.
People, political leaders and governments across the world are increasingly recognizing the importance of urban green space not only for quality of life but for the very sustainability of cities. Even congested cities like New York are finding creative ways to increase their green heritage. The preservation and expansion of green space will do more for Bangalore’s global image than any skyscraper, however tall.
Against the norm of 10-16 Sq Mts per head of city population, Bangalore has only 2.82 in 2003, down from 5.32 in 1990. Even Delhi has managed to keep 6.32 Sq Mts of open space per capita (2003). Your endeavour should be to improve the already low figure of Bangalore, if not match the world norm.
We urge you to consider the many options for the use of the soon-to-be-vacated land that will help improve access to lung space and quality of life in this city. We would be happy to participate in any initiative to ensure that the shifting of the race course will help restore the long-standing and enviable reputation of Bangalore as a garden city.
Looking forward to a positive response, we remain,
P S Appu IAS (Ret), Ram Guha, Girish Karnad, S G Vasudev, Ammu Joseph, Dr Obaid Siddiqi, Shashi Deshpande, Dr Madhav Gadgil, Capt S Prabhala, Zafar Futehally
murali772 - 22 Jun 2009 - 10:16am
A petition on the above lines can be accessed here Do join the effort to see that one of the few remaining open spaces in the city is not lost. And circulate it to other Bangaloreans concerned not only about quality of life here but the very sustainability of the city.
CC to MoEF
idontspam - 23 Jun 2009 - 1:31am
We should also send a copy of the petition to Jairam Ramesh, MoEF
About murali772
http://muralidharrao.blogspot.com
Is the state lax about environment protection?
Bengaluru Heritage Commission
Minister asks KSPCB to withdraw closure notices on served on govt hospitals
Why it's difficult for me to consider voting for Congress
Environment Policy for BBMP/ state
Heritage areas in Mysore to be spruced up
Green cess
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上海419论坛,上海龙凤419,爱上海 - Powered by Jazmin Tambor!
Adoption of stretch of trail a labor of love
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Unfazed by the cold and blustery weather on Thursday morning, a group of volunteers combed the Burnt Bridge Creek Trail near Devine Road to rid the greenway of trash and debris.After a short winter break, Thursday was the first day of cleaning season along the trail for the local walking and exercise club the Vancouver USA Volkssport Club.At a quick glance the area looked clean, but it didn’t take long to see that some trail users leaving their trash behind.Within the first few minutes of combing the area around the trailhead parking lot on Devine Road, volunteers found a skateboard and a small makeup bag full of hypodermic needles, as well as the regular mix of broken glass and cigarette butts.“The good news is, that’s not normally what we encounter,” club president Tom Baltes said of the needles kit.Baltes describes the Volkssporters as civic minded and regular users of the trail.The Volkssporters are now in their second year of cleaning 2 miles of the trail on a monthly basis from February to October.Last year, some of the members noticed graffiti and trash building up along the path.Baltes said a few members asked the city to put greater emphasis on cleaning and patrolling the trail, and then they realized they could pitch in, too. read more
Stocks mostly recover from an early plunge on Wall Street
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A turbulent day on Wall Street ended Tuesday with stocks climbing nearly all the way out of a steep, broad sell-off that at one point erased more than 500 points from the Dow Jones Industrial Average.Even with the late-afternoon rebound, stocks extended the market’s recent string of declines, giving the benchmark S&P 500 index its fifth-straight loss. Bond prices rose, sending yields lower, as investors sought out safer investments.Hong Kong’s Hang Seng index sank 3.1 percent. European markets also closed sharply lower.The latest selling came as investors grew unsettled over slowing economic growth in China and increased signs that President Donald Trump’s aggressive trade policies are beginning to weigh on corporate earnings. Caterpillar and 3M slumped Tuesday after the companies warned of rising costs related to tariffs.“That’s the story, it’s not the current quarter results, but the commentary going forward, the impact of tariffs and what that means in terms of costs,” said Willie Delwiche, an investment strategist at Baird. “If tariffs didn’t come up in earnings calls and commentary, then maybe you could say we were moving away from that, but the opposite is happening.”The S&P 500 fell 15.19 points, or 0.6 percent, to 2,740.69. The Dow lost 125.98 points, or 0.5 percent, to 25,191.43. The average had been down more than 540 points. read more
President Decides On SSHFC Panel Report
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President Adama Barrow has reviewed the Report and Recommendations of the Independent Fact-Finding/Investigative Panel on the crisis involving Social Security and Housing Finance Corporation (SSHFC). Having closely reviewed the report, the following decisions have been taken:That administrative leave of the Managing Director, Muhamadou Manjang will be lifted and that Mr. Manjang will be duly notified in writing by the Ministry of Finance and Economic Affairs (the line Ministry) to resume duties;That the services of Mr. Momodou Camara will be terminated with immediate effect and the termination to be compliant with corporate policy;That the Board of Directors of the Corporation to receive further advice on the staff that were culpable in the saga and who have to be subject to disciplinary actions in line with the panel’s recommendations; andThat the Board of Social Security through the Ministry of Finance and Economic Affairs will be provided with the Recommendations of the Panel’s Report so that these are adopted and fully implemented.It could be recalled that in July this year President Barrow tasked an Independent Fact-Finding/Investigative Panel on the Crisis involving Social Security and Housing Finance Corporation (SSHFC). The task force presented its report in October after three months of fact-findings. read more
Conte believes Man City can dominate for years
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Antonio Conte believes that Manchester City are capable of dominating the Premier League for yearsThe Citizens were recently confirmed as the new Premier League champions, last Sunday, after local rivals Manchester United suffered a shock 1-0 home defeat to lowly West Brom.City have now equalled United’s record from 2001 by winning the league title with five games remaining and are on course to break two further records at the end of this season with Chelsea’s record points tally of 95 points under threat with Pep Guardiola’s side on 87. Also up for grabs is their own goalscoring record at 103 goals during the 2009/10 season with the current squad on 93 goals.Conte, who won the Premier League with Chelsea last season, believes that City stand above every club in the league and are the one side that are truly capable of mounting a challenge both domestically and in Europe.“Manchester City is one club that can continue to dominate, to win, not only in England, but also to fight for the Champions League.” said the Chelsea boss, according to Football365. Report: Inter go top with win over Udinese George Patchias – September 14, 2019 Inter Milan are top of Serie A after beating Udinese to make it three wins out of three.Antonio Conte’s career at Inter Milan, could…“They have the possibility to do this. It is a very strong club, they have an important squad with great players and are a club that want to invest and improve. There are a lot of things that are right.”Although they do have a game in hand against Tottenham in the league standings, Conte admits it will be difficult to recover from an eight point gap to their London rivals at this stage of the season. But the Italian insists that, despite the odds, Champions League football is still the target for Chelsea.“We have to try until the end to reach this target.” admitted the 48 year-old.“If we want to be realistic with five games to go, it’s not simple to reduce the gap, but we must have the will to fight, the desire to take this target. Why not?“We have an important game against Burnley, a really strong team having a fantastic season, and it won’t be easy to get three points.” read more
Barca confirm Vidal close
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News report coming in from Barca suggests the club could be on the verge of securing the services of Arturo Vidal.Barcelona director Ariedo Braida has admitted that the club are close to securing the services of Arturo Vidal from Inter.Earlier it looked like Inter were closing in on a deal for Vidal, however, it suddenly emerged on Thursday that the Bayern Munich midfielder had agreed terms on a €30m switch to Barca. The 2019/2020 betting odds for La Liga Stuart Heath – August 12, 2019 Going into La Liga kick-off, we take a look at what the bookmakers think.La Liga season is less than a week away and we’re…“It seems negotiations are at the final stage,” the former Milan executive told RMC Sport via Football Italia.“However, contracts can be null and void if there are no signatures, plus this is the transfer market. We hope there will be no surprises.”After starting his career with Colo-Colo, Chile’s most successful club, Vidal joined Bundesliga club Bayer Leverkusen, where he played for four seasons. He then moved to Juventus in 2011, where he won Scudetti in all four of his seasons. read more
FC Barcelona Vs Sevilla Dembeles strike gives Barca Super Cup
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FC Barcelona have won the Spanish Super Cup this season after 2-1 victory over fellow Spanish side Sevilla courtesy of a fantastic strike from Ousmane Dembele, according to Evening Standard.The league and Cup champions came from 1-0 down to overcome Sevilla thanks to goals from Gerard Pique and Ousmane Dembele.Sevilla had the chance to level the game after Dembele’s goal as the referee awarded them a penalty but Wissam Ben Yedder’s tame effort was well dealt with by goalkeeper Marc Andre Ter-Stegen.Barcelona won the league and Cup double last season, defeating Sevilla 5-0 in the Copa Del Rey final but Pablo Machin’s side went ahead through a well-curled effort from Pablo Sarabia. Top 10 players who played for both Barcelona and Valencia Boro Tanchev – September 14, 2019 Time to talk about the best players who represented both Barcelona and Valencia, prior to their La Liga encounter at Camp Nou this evening.The Seville based team looked set to take the lead into halftime until Spanish defender Gerard Pique scored the equalizer after he pounced on the rebound of a Lionel Messi free-kick to tap in from close range.Dembele secured the win for the Catalan club when he scored an absolute goal to secure the Super Cup for Ernesto Valverde.Barcelona begin their La Liga title defence this weekend. The Spanish champions will be hoping to win their second consecutive La Liga trophy. read more
Womens World Cup Draw is done
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24 teams will play in France next year to see which is the strongest nation in women’s football on the planet24 countries will play from June 7 to July 7 in France for the chance to lift the 2019 FIFA Women’s World Cup.The draw took place today at La Seine Musicale in Paris.France and South Korea will open the tournament on June 7, as the hosts were seeded as leaders of Group A. They are accompanied by Norway and Nigeria. Houghton looks to create more history with the City Women Manuel R. Medina – September 4, 2019 Manchester City and Manchester United are set to play in the Women’s Super League this Saturday, and for skipper Steph Houghton this is a great opportunity to create history.Germany leads Group B, with China, Spain, and South Africa. Meanwhile, Group C is made up of Australia, Italy, Brazil, and Jamaica.England, Scotland, Argentina and Japan make up for Group D. While Canada, Cameroon, New Zealand, and the Netherlands are on Group E.And current champions, the United States, will take part of Group F together with Thailand, Chile, and Sweden.The 24 teams will play in nine different cities in France. read more
Sandals Foundation NurtitioninDemand Brings Healthy Eating to Hundreds at Enid Capron
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Related Items:beaches resort and spa, breakfast Sandals drops major bomb, makes Misick brothers look terribly suspect Recommended for you Beaches puts former Premier on blast about controversial pier PNP Party says it led wooden pier removal by Beaches Facebook Twitter Google+LinkedInPinterestWhatsApp Facebook Twitter Google+LinkedInPinterestWhatsAppIn efforts to promote healthy eating among students at the Enid Capron Primary School, Sandals Foundation, the philanthropic arm of Beaches Resorts, joined forces with Registered Dietician Tamika Handfield of Nutrition-in-Demand to bring a healthy eating seminar to hundreds of students this week. The foundation has been very active in promoting healthy eating at its sponsored schools in Providenciales. Together with Mrs. Handfield the Sandals Foundation took the opportunity to not only provide whole-wheat and brand cereals to over five-hundred and thirty-three students at the Five Cays based school but also to provide them with healthy fruits and water. Students were taught the importance of a balanced nutrition and the benefit of healthy eating so that they can make the healthy choices for themselves. The entertaining health seminar hosted by Mrs. Handfield was geared towards empowering, encouraging, and motivating students to get fit. “It is always a pleasure working in collaboration with Beaches Turks & Caicos in giving back to the community. It is especially so being that March is celebrated as National Nutrition Month.” Said Tamika Handfield speaking on the initiative, “Nutrition in Demand’s main mandate is to provide credible, factual and scientifically proven nutrition education to the community. Working along with Beaches afforded us the opportunity to speak to over 500 students of the Enid Capron School about the importance and benefits of eating a healthy breakfast each day.”The mid-morning session saw a group of enthusiastic students who all expressed interest in several exercise routines and asked questions about their favourite foods. The Foundation is no stranger to the health and wellness arena. Over the years the charity teamed up with the Ministry of Health and Human Services and the Wellness and National Health Planning to bring health awareness and distribute fruits and low-fat yogurts to over 1,500 students in providenciales. PR Manager for the Beaches resort Elanor Finfin Krzanowski who spear headed project for the Sandals Foundation also commented on the importance of the event by saying the following, “Teaching the importance of healthy eating to the students of our sponsored schools is a priority for the Sandals Foundation.” She continued, “A well-rounded education not only includes academics but also the knowledge of how to maintain a physical healthy lifestyle. It is the goal of the Sandals Foundation to promote healthy nutrition as well as the importance of a balanced diet and our first step is to provide the fruits to every student of Enid Capron while teaching these basic life-altering skills.” read more
New Nature Trail in Middle Caicos highlights Caicos Pine
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Facebook Twitter Google+LinkedInPinterestWhatsAppProvidenciales, 10 Nov 2015 – Seven years of work in the bushes has created a new nature trail experience in Middle Caicos which the crafters of it are calling, the Caicos Pine Yard Trail. Bryan Naqqi-Manco is the Caicos Pine Recovery Project Manager and he explains in the announcement issued yesterday that it is a .45 mile long trek, with 16 stopping points within a native pine yard. Bryan says it a new experience which unravels the life and habitat of the Caicos Pine, found primarily in Middle Caicos. “Each stopping point is related to the corresponding text in the trail guide brochure, providing an explanation about the plants, animals, habitat, threats and conservation measures. The trail can be self-guided (brochure available on site) or guided tours by local ecotourism companies and local guides can be arranged by contacting DEMA’s office in Providenciales.” The Caicos Pine is the national tree of the Turks and Caicos and it is listed in the IUCN Red List of threatened species as ‘vulnerable.’ Related Items:Bryan Naqqi-Manco, caicos pine, Caicos Pine Yard Trail, middle caicos, Nature Trail North to Middle Caicos Causeway behind schedule; residents concerned over Joaquin flooding Recommended for you PNP open North & Middle Caicos causeway in tribute Middle Caicos has a new man in charge Facebook Twitter Google+LinkedInPinterestWhatsApp read more
Parents encouraged to tap into Jamaica Cancer Society programmes to prevent youth
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Facebook Twitter Google+LinkedInPinterestWhatsAppKingston, Jamaica, January 4, 2017 – The Jamaica Cancer Society (JCS) is encouraging Jamaicans, particularly parents, guardians, teachers and counsellors to tap into its programmes that have been implemented to assist with the prevention and cessation of youth smoking. In an interview with JIS News, Executive Director of the JCS, Yulit Gordon, highlighted two programmes that the organization has embarked on to deter young people from smoking.The Fresh Start Smoking Cessation Programme is one that is offered by the JCS in association with the American Cancer Society to help smokers quit. “This is a comprehensive four-session group based course that covers topics such as Nicotine Addiction, Managing Withdrawal Symptoms, Weight Control, Stress Management, Recognizing and Planning for Possible Obstacles to Quitting, Staying Tobacco Free and Enjoying Being a Non-smoker,” she explained. In addition, she said that an Anti-Tobacco Youth Forum has been established to target Jamaican high school students, to educate them on the dangers of smoking.The forum, which is held in February each year, seeks to educate the youth about the harmful effects of tobacco smoking which kills more than five million people each year. A wide variety of presentations are made to the students and teachers who attend to increase their knowledge of the effects of tobacco smoking.Past presenters include Pulmonologists, officials from the Caribbean Public Health Association (CARPHA), counselling psychologists and representatives from the Tobacco Control project. Presenters have used material from the Caribbean Advanced Proficiency Examination (CAPE) Biology syllabus, in an effort to allow students to make the connection with what they have been taught in school, as well as to clarify any myths associated with tobacco-related illnesses.Meanwhile, Mrs. Gordon outlined the dangers of smoking by young people, explaining that the short-term health consequences of smoking include respiratory and non-respiratory effects, addiction to nicotine, and the associated risk of other substance abuse. “The long-term health consequences of youth smoking are manifested in the fact that most young people who smoke regularly continue to smoke throughout their adult years,” she said.She added that tobacco can affect youth activities and athletic performance as it narrows blood vessels and puts a strain on the heart. It also leads to a lack of oxygen and shortness of breath she said, while pointing out that it has been proven that athletes who smoke do not perform as well as those who do not.The JCS is encouraging persons to get informed about the dangers of smoking and its effect on the health and well-being of their children and students. “It is also important to make time to communicate with them on matters of peer pressure, stress relating to relationships and challenges in the home which go unresolved. These are all matters which may lead a young person to start smoking. Unfortunately, many young persons are under the mistaken impression that cigarettes eliminate stress,” she warns.The Executive Director encourages students to seek help from their parents and teachers to resolve any issues that they may be facing and not turn to smoking for answers. Statistics provided by the JCS show that approximately 80,000 young people across the world become addicted to tobacco each day. According to the Executive Director, public education is imperative, as an alarming 600,000 second-hand smokers die each year, inclusive of 165,000 children. Facebook Twitter Google+LinkedInPinterestWhatsApp Related Items: Photo credit: Jamaica Observer read more
Makyn The Shot
Quintyne, Campbelle overlooked for Pakistan series
Big clashes booked for FLOW Super Cup
Under-20 Girlz bow out
Palmer Jr back in charge
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Channel 6 School Closings
Closings Admin Login. Assumed status for the list below is 'Open'. Channel 6 WLNS CBS News TV is a CBS-affiliated television station which works in Lansing, Jackson, Peninsula of Michigan, United States. © 2019 KSDK-TV. WTHR-TV Channel 13 is Indianapolis #1 news station and your source for Weather, radar, traffic, and sports including the Indianapolis Colts, Indiana Pacers, and Bob Kravitz sports columns. When the weather is bad, look for the CBS 6 News SchoolWatch system to keep you up to date on closing information for the following participating schools and closings. Quarterback Carousel Continues For Denver Broncos, Now It's Brandon Allen's TurnWhen Brandon Allen takes his first NFL snap against the Browns on Sunday he'll become the sixth QB to start for the. Some features on this website, like video and images, might not work properly. Closing Code. Walter Lomax Served 38 Years In Prison For A Murder He Didn't Commit, Compensated About $3MWalter Lomax, who served 38 years in prison for a murder he did not commit talks to WJZ's Pat Warren. Make sure you're kept up-to-date with the latest weather, school closings and other breaking news by signing up for WKTV Text. Albert Lea High School. Sign up for WANE 15 Text Alerts. Dupray Adams reflects on the nearly three-month search to find his daughter Nevaeh, as he begins to build a life without her. Closings are updated approximately every 3-4 minutes. When there are active school closings, you can find the most up-to-date list of closings & delays here. ABC 10 also runs a live scroll on TV for school closures. If you would like to set up your school, business, church or other organization for access to post your own closings and delays to this site as well as on air, please call 865-637-NEWS (6397) to. As schools are reported closed, they will be added to this list. When there is a scheduled early dismissal as shown on the school calendar (e. Sports Headlines; Scores; Game of the Week; Big 22; High School Football Standings; Fox Sports App; Black and Gold Today; Live Stream; TV Schedule; Contests. -- Ten people were arrested across the state Thursday night during the Tennessee. News 5 Cleveland brings you breaking and developing news, weather, traffic and sports coverage from the Cleveland metro area and across Ohio on WEWS and News5Cleveland. Hourly Forecast. When there are active school closings, you can find the most up-to-date list of closings & delays here. Generally sunny. The weather took a bit of a toll on those who went out hunting candy on Halloween! A few cities kept their trick or treating times and their turnout seemed a little low. WSYX ABC 6 is On Your Side, providing local news, first warning weather forecasts and alerts, traffic updates, consumer advocacy, and the latest information about sports, politics, law enforcement. School Closings Forecast: School's Open. Notice: you are using an outdated browser. Live Video Breaking News Weather Delays/ Closings. Indianapolis news, weather, Indiana state news, sports, and traffic plus Carmel, Fishers, Muncie, Kokomo, Noblesville, and Greenwood from WISH-TV News 8. We tell local Grand Rapids news & weather stories, and we do what we do to make Grand Rapids & the rest of Michigan a better place to live. Covering News, Weather, Traffic and Sports for all of the greater Chicago Area. School Officials Click Here to submit school closings and delays. Closings and delays as of 10/29/2019 7:57 PM School Closings | Businesses. WLOX-TV is The Station for South Mississippi with news and severe weather information for Biloxi, Gulfport, Ocean Springs, Pascagoula, Wiggins, and the entire Mississippi Gulf Coast. Closings Admin Login Halloween: Optimism for dry trick-or-treating; First Alert Weather Day for late storms It will be a warm and potentially wet Halloween this year in Virginia. Theresa Louise Harris, 56, was sentenced to serve 24 months in the Federal Bureau of Prisons for cyberstalking numerous victims in and around Marquette. We are local reporting you can trust, providing the latest news and accurate weather forecasts from Albuquerque to across the state of New Mexico. KATV ABC 7 in Little Rock, Arkansas covers news, sports, weather and the local community in the city and the surrounding. School Closings and Delays. FOLLOW US ON TWITTER. All Rights Reserved. Enter your ID Code and Password below. Saudi-owned Al-Arabiya TV says start of initial public offering of state oil giant Saudi. Rainfall around a quarter of an inch. com - Kansas City, MO. WSIL-TV is your southern Illinois news leader providing breaking news, sports and weather information plus ABC news and entertainment programming. 10 arrested statewide during 'Operation Blackout' November 1, 2019. WBRC FOX6 is Central Alabama's breaking news and First Alert Weather forecast leader for Birmingham, Tuscaloosa, Gadsden, Anniston, Cullman, and Shelby County. on behalf of KETV-TV. Closings, delays and cancellations for schools, organizations and businesses in the Lansing area. com for breaking news in Houston, Texas from KPRC. Closings are updated approximately every 3-4 minutes. 14 News is the Tri-State's news and weather leader. Book Fair (All day) Nov. Please check other tabs above for possible closings. Overnight about 3-5″ of…. com Live Stream. Click here to see if your school is on the list. This list is provided by the VAB and is smartphone and tablet friendly. WILX News 10 Lansing/Jackson-, Breaking News that's local from where you live, Lansing News, Lansing, MI, Jackson, News, Weather, Sports, Michigan, Breaking News. Police say the 24-year-old retrieved a handgun and pointed it at the male driver of the motorcycle, putting him in fear for his life. Get the latest school closings, cancellations, and delays. Local news from WBBJTV. com provides breaking news and weather information for the Texoma area which includes Sherman, TX, Denison, TX, Durant, OK, Ada, OK, and Ardmore, OK. Get weather-related school closings and delays for Colorado Springs, Pueblo, Cañon City, Woodland Park and all of Colorado. Our system updates this page as soon as an organization notifies us of a status change. There are no current weather alerts. inforum - ROSEAU, Minn. This program allows the immediate notification to all households and parents, by telephone, of any critical or unplanned event that will cause school cancellation, delay or an early dismissal. School Closings Forecast: School's Open. component-footer-debug-v1-01. About Channel 3000 School Closing Announcements Closed or delayed schools are listed in alphabetical order below. Closings are updated approximately every 3-4 minutes. ABC 6 NEWS provides local news & weather in Rochester MN, Austin, Albert Lea, Mason City in Southeast Minnesota and Northeast Iowa providing breaking news, weather & events in the area. The Hawk Eye reports that not only did its four-year graduation rate hit a 10-year high for the 2018-19. Microsoft does not recommend using IE as your default browser. Just enter your e-mail address below. This little girl was recently adopted into a loving home and her smile is the cutest thing you'll see all day. The House will take a vote this week to formalize Democrats’ impeachment inquiry amid President Donald Trump’s criticism that the probe is “illegitimate”. Latest Videos. Latest school and business closings for Eau Claire. ABC network affiliate serving Minneapolis/St. News 12 Long Island: Breaking Long Island News, Weather, Traffic and more. Click here for the latest on the forecast. View school closures for Miami from NBC 6 Miami. KRIS 6 News Corpus Christi brings you breaking and developing news, weather, traffic and sports coverage from the Corpus Christi area and across Texas on KRIS-TV and kristv. With a Halloween night filled with rain and stormy weather, local law enforcement took extra measures to make sure trick-or-treaters. Closings/Delays are organized into 'Today' and 'Tomorrow. Dupray Adams reflects on the nearly three-month search to find his daughter Nevaeh, as he begins to build a life without her. 37°F Periods of rain. Closings Admin Login. Closings & Delays - ketv. Newsletters. 6-Man playoffs preview: Big Sandy. This year, KCTV5 News has made changes with our closings procedures. Get the latest school closings, cancellations, and delays. School Closings Password Signup. com provide a national and local weather forecast for cities, as well as weather radar, report and hurricane coverage. The weather took a bit of a toll on those who went out hunting candy on Halloween! A few cities kept their trick or treating times and their turnout seemed a little low. Closings and Delays; Sports. RTV6 brings you you breaking and developing news, weather, traffic and sports coverage from the Indianapolis metro area on WRTV-TV and TheIndyChannel. Note: The password is case sensitive! You can update your organization's condition as many times as you like. Some features on this website, like video and images, might not work. VGet Connecticut weather reports, view current conditions, and watch the weather forecast for today, tomorrow and beyond. Overnight damage, rescues and evacuations in Buffalo & WNY due to rain and strong winds. Closings & Delays; Forecast; The Zone - High School Sports; The Zone Scoreboard; Indy Style. Latest school and business closings for Eau Claire. to your smart phone or tablet and. No active Closings & Delays match your search. WMSN Fox Madison covers news, sports, weather and traffic for the Wisconsin Capital Region, including Madison, Fitchburg, Middleton, Sun Prarie, Janesville, Mt Horeb. Bringing the latest in local and national news, sports and talk on 103. For severe weather alerts on your iOS and Android device, Storm Shield App has you covered. This Summer's Algae Bloom On Lake Erie Was Fifth-Largest Bloom Ever RecordedResearchers say the harmful algae bloom on Lake Erie this past summer was the fifth largest since they began ranking them. View school closures for Virginia from WTVR CBS 6 News. The system is constantly updating closings on KETV and KETV. Winds light and variable. News Weather Interactive Radar Road Conditions Ski Report SkyCams Weather Photos Sports Golf Classic WSAW-TV 1114 Grand Ave. Kentucky School Closings are owned by Logan, Hollyanne, Rusty & BJ. News Channel 5 is home to Storm 5 Weather and Nashville's news and information leader, bringing you breaking and developing news, weather, traffic and sports coverage from Middle Tennessee. KBJR WEATHER AUTHORITY Connect with KBJR Facebook Twitter Instagram MORE LOCAL NEWS Northwest Wisconsin Iron Range FEATURED REPORTS WHAT'S ON KBJR 6. Scroll down for school closure and delay information affecting Central Texas. FOLLOW US ON TWITTER. Post by @fox8news. When schools are closed, are all activities for the day canceled? Yes. School and Organization Closings and Delays. Get closing alert emails There are currently no active closings or delays. This year, KCTV5 News has made changes with our closings procedures. Closings & Delays. Local News / 6 hours ago. 'I Felt Compassion For Him' Coach Embraces Student After Disarming Him in School Hallway PRODUCERS-PICKS Hallmark's Christmas lineup has 40 all-new original movies. NOTE: If you have issues refreshing the school closings list, CLICK HERE. com - Kansas City, MO. Many consider it to be a safer alternative to tackle, but some leagues are now requiring. When there are active school closings, you can find the most up-to-date list of closings & delays here. To report to us your closing or postponement, call 918-336-1001 or go to our Submit tab on this website, and click Weather Related Closings or CLICK HERE. Click here to refresh school closings and delays. WFIE covers Evansville, Owensboro, and 21 surrounding counties in Indiana, Kentucky, and Illinois. Top stories on 9and10News. com - Omaha, NE. School closings will continue to be updated here and as always, via the scroll on the bottom of your television screen. DULUTH, Minn. TV Schedule. ABC 10 also runs a live scroll on TV for school closures. Sign up for WANE 15 Text Alerts. com to get the latest school closings and delays for Columbus and central Ohio. The latest forecast, live interactive radar, current conditions for Nashville, Middle Tennessee and Kentucky from the Storm 5 Weather Team. In the midst of a three-way tie with Chenango Valley and Maine-Endwell, the Indians came out on top in their do-or-die game with Johson City. Saturday, October 26th No closings at this time. Brought to you by local television station WCSH-6. Lincoln Academy. When you need to report a closing status or update your listing information, please click here to access our easy web database. Philadelphia news, weather, traffic and sports from FOX 29, serving Pennsylvania, New Jersey and Delaware. With heavy rain and power outages throughout the state, Channel 3 This Morning. Latest school, business closings and delays for the Miami Valley, including Dayton, Springfield and Hamilton, from WHIO. TV Listings Circulars; Closings are updated approximately every 3-4 minutes. Winds light and variable. Up-to-date leaderboard information, instruction videos and more. RSU 52 - SAD 52. Closings and Delays: View Details. Tulsa School and Business Closings. Daily Forecast. 6 WHKY-TV will temporarily operate at reduced power levels while we perform final tower work. Paul area, plus most of Minnesota and western Wisconsin. Thursday's near party-line 232-196 roll call was the chamber's first formal vote on a process that's likely to take months, possibly stretching into the early weeks of the 2020 election year. The superintendent makes the decision to either delay the opening of school, close schools early or cancel school. WAFB 9News is Louisiana's News Channel, servicing breaking news, weather and traffic coverage for Baton Rouge, West Baton Rouge, Ascension, Assumption, Livingston, East Feliciana, West Feliciana. All Rights Reserved. Businesses and Schools can now contact one organization to report closings, cancellations, and other announcements due to inclement weather OR emergency messaging. Want closings and delays as soon as we get them?. CAMBRIDGE Ohio- After starting off 0-2 Cambridge is now 6 and 3 and just one spot out of the playoff however, that is not what the team is focusing on. RTV6 brings you you breaking and developing news, weather, traffic and sports coverage from the Indianapolis metro area on WRTV-TV and TheIndyChannel. The latest forecast, live interactive radar, current conditions for Nashville, Middle Tennessee and Kentucky from the Storm 5 Weather Team. STORM TRACKER School Closings (posted: Friday, Nov 1, 2019 at 3:47 AM) No School Closings to Report. Local news, arts, and culture from Binghamton, NY to Ithaca, NY and northern Pennsylvania. To report a cancellation to WCSH6 and WCSH6. Trending on WYTV. The weather often impacts your day and no one has a more comprehensive list of closings when it comes to schools, day. To report a school closure, email [email protected] Watch Live 7PM: Sunday Night Football Trending Stories. KIMT 3 News is your leading provider of local news, weather information, sports, community events and breaking news in the North Central Iowa and Southeastern Minnesota areas, including Mason City, Rochester, Albert Lea, Austin, Winona and Charles City. If you would like to set up your school, business, church or other organization for access to post your own closings and delays to this site as well as on air, please call 865-637-NEWS (6397) to. com simply call our main number at 828-6666 or 800-464-1213. Closings Rain showers Wednesday, thunderstorms and chilly temps on Halloween More clouds will move in overnight with mild low temps in the lower 60s, rain showers will be likely for the morning commute. 3 WCOL - Columbus' #1 for New Country. As schools are reported closed, they will be added to this list. There are no current weather alerts. To report to us your closing or postponement, call 918-336-1001 or go to our Submit tab on this website, and click Weather Related Closings or CLICK HERE. View daily MI weather updates, watch videos and photos, join the discussion in forums. Get weather-related school closings and delays for Colorado Springs, Pueblo, Cañon City, Woodland Park and all of Colorado. Channel 3 This Morning is live now. Home to Storm Team 4 and live VIPIR radar, rated the most accurate. Fri Sep 27, 2019. Plentiful sunshine. WCMH NBC4 is Local For You, serving as Columbus, Ohio's top rated source for breaking news and live streaming video online. Chicago's source for breaking news and live streaming video online. Please check other tabs above for possible closings. Schumer calls for school bus safety study National Sports / 6 hours ago. Get the latest breaking Omaha news, weather, and. If you do not find your school mentioned, you may want to contact the school directly. More info… Video created by Okte to celebrate the diversity and uniqueness… Power is out at Chango, Shatekon and Arongen. Southwest Middle School. Two people died Monday in head-on crash on a rural Central Texas highway. We've got the update on what schools are closed, and who has class in session, right here, on. com are Philadelphia's source for breaking news and live streaming video online, covering Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Delaware. Streaming choices are about to proliferate with the debut of Apple TV Plus on Friday and Disney Plus in two weeks. Paul #29 ***MORE LOTS TO BE ADDED !!!. A mammogram every year increases your chances of detecting breast cancer, and early detection saves lives. Click here for our full list of local closings and delays. 1 weather alerts 1 closings/delays. View school closures for Miami from NBC 6 Miami. News 12, a cable-exclusive, is available to Optimum, Comcast, Spectrum Networks or Service ElectricSMT subscribers with seven regions in the tri-state area. This program allows the immediate notification to all households and parents, by telephone, of any critical or unplanned event that will cause school cancellation, delay or an early dismissal. School Closings for southeast Michigan from ClickOnDetroit. News Source 8's Ashley Blackford was there and has the story. The latest local Detroit news online from NBC TV's local affiliate in Detroit, Michigan, WDIV - Detroit's. To check for a closing or delay check below for a list of all closings for schools within. WEATHER LINKS. com, powered by News 6, has the latest local breaking news and headlines from Orlando, Florida. WBBJ-TV ABC & CBS 7 is the top source of news, weather and sports information in West Tennessee. Click for more details. Closings Rain showers Wednesday, thunderstorms and chilly temps on Halloween More clouds will move in overnight with mild low temps in the lower 60s, rain showers will be likely for the morning commute. We cover a large part of southern West Virginia and SW Virginia including Beckley, Bluefield, Lewisburg, Oak Hill, PIneville, Tazewell and. Newsletters. 8News is the go-to source for breaking news, local headlines and weather across Metro Richmond and Central Virginia. TV Listings Circulars; Closings are updated approximately every 3-4 minutes. NBC 10 WJAR is the news, sports and weather leader for Providence, Rhode Island and surrounding communities, including Cranston, Pawtucket, Woonsocket, Warwick, Newport, Bristol and Narragansett. Sponsored By. Closings and Delays: View Details. LIVE BRC13 Fri Nov 1st 7:00pm. Winter Weather. About Channel 3000 School Closing Announcements Closed or delayed schools are listed in alphabetical order below. com during winter weather and severe weather. With the latest Manchester news, weather and sports, WMUR is your local news leader. Paul #29 ***MORE LOTS TO BE ADDED !!!. Closings & Delays - kmbc. com for Central New York. Lisa Rile, a mammographer at Lundberg Medical Imaging, skipped her screening for three. Closings & Delays. com – Eastern North Carolina's Breaking News and Weather Authority - Greenville, New Bern, Jacksonville, Washington, NC, ECU Sports, NBC. Some features on this website, like video and images, might not work properly. Thursday's near party-line 232-196 roll call was the chamber's first formal vote on a process that's likely to take months, possibly stretching into the early weeks of the 2020 election year. Weather in northeast Ohio can go from serene to severe in a matter of minutes. Sign up for News 12 email alerts!. WVVA is your #1 resource for news in the Two Virginias. Notice: you are using an outdated browser. Click Here to access the online Public Inspection File. 1 weather alerts 1 closings/delays Get closing alert emails There are currently no active closings or delays. School Alert on WDIO News, www. com - Omaha, NE. With a Halloween night filled with rain and stormy weather, local law enforcement took extra measures to make sure trick-or-treaters. No active Closings & Delays. VGet Connecticut weather reports, view current conditions, and watch the weather forecast for today, tomorrow and beyond. KBJR WEATHER AUTHORITY Connect with KBJR Facebook Twitter Instagram MORE LOCAL NEWS Northwest Wisconsin Iron Range FEATURED REPORTS WHAT'S ON KBJR 6. News, Media & Broadcasters. Closings/Delays for Tomorrow. KRIS 6 News Corpus Christi brings you breaking and developing news, weather, traffic and sports coverage from the Corpus Christi area and across Texas on KRIS-TV and kristv. Auburn Road Evansville, IN 47720 (812) 426-1414. ABC27 is your local source for breaking news, latest headlines, severe weather, sports, and traffic in Harrisburg, York, Lancaster, Lebanon. Refer to the school hours page for opening and closing times for schools. Refresh Closings List. TV Listings Circulars; Closings are updated approximately every 3-4 minutes. About Channel 3000 School Closing Announcements Closed or delayed schools are listed in alphabetical order below. Local New 8 covers Idaho Falls, Pocatello, Jackson, Rexburg and Blackfoot. 13 Weather Alerts. WFIE covers Evansville, Owensboro, and 21 surrounding counties in Indiana, Kentucky, and Illinois. Indianapolis news, weather, Indiana state news, sports, and traffic plus Carmel, Fishers, Muncie, Kokomo, Noblesville, and Greenwood from WISH-TV News 8. Get the latest Yuma and Imperial Valley news, sports and weather from KYMA, KSWT, KECY and KESE. Get the latest school closings, cancellations, and delays. Some features on this website, like video and images, might not work properly. LIVE NOW / Watch Good Morning Connecticut Bradley School-New London School Closed Back to top C Children's TV Report (WCTX). In addition, the information will be posted on the TPS home page and on Twitter. Weather Cameras For severe weather. Breaking News. Winds NNE at 10 to 15 mph. 2019 Griffin Communications. It'll be a bit chilly, but not badgenerally in the 40s from 6-9pm. We've got the update on what schools are closed, and who has class in session, right here, on. We tell local Mobile news & weather stories, and we do what we do to make Mobile, Pensacola, Baldwin County and the rest of The Gulf Coast a better place to live. FOX 8 WVUE-TV in New Orleans is the breaking news, severe weather, and sports authority in Louisiana, providing Award Winning Investigations and Saints News. Chance of rain 90%. Albany County, NY - SchoolWatch - Community - CBS 6 Albany. Download the ABC 6 News Now Mobile App. This means all evening activities, including school meetings and events, MSCR activities and school. Individuals with disabilities may contact Becky Richey at becky. WTHR-TV Channel 13 is Indianapolis #1 news station and your source for Weather, radar, traffic, and sports including the Indianapolis Colts, Indiana Pacers, and Bob Kravitz sports columns. Weather Alerts. com - Manchester, NH. Closings and Delays Advanced Tools Radar Room Alert Room Video Skycams Map Room Forecasts & Conditions Closings & Delays MEET THE KBJR 6 WEATHER. But don't worry, we update this page regularly so you'll be the first to know if your school is closing or will have delays due to bad weather. com to get the latest school closings and delays for Columbus and central Ohio. East Towne Mall's End: Knoxville Center closing at the end of January These are the scariest airports in the world How to keep toiletries from leaking and spilling in your suitcase. WECT is where breaking news and severe weather comes first for New Hanover, Brunswick, Pender, Bladen and Columubs counties. This page created 9/25/2019 5:24:50 AM. PINPOINT CLOSING NETWORK // Closings & Delays SIGN UP FOR WPRI. Notice: you are using an outdated browser. Visit WLWT News 5 today. New York's source for breaking news and live streaming video online. Get the top New Hampshire news of the day. WEATHER LINKS. This Summer's Algae Bloom On Lake Erie Was Fifth-Largest Bloom Ever RecordedResearchers say the harmful algae bloom on Lake Erie this past summer was the fifth largest since they began ranking them. Local reporting to make San Francisco, San Jose, Oakland and the rest of the Bay Area a better place to live. Breaking News. WJAC provides news, weather and sports information for Johnstown, Altoona, State College and DuBois, Pennsylvania. Check frequently for updated information on school delays, early dismissals, school closings, and school cancellations in Houghton County Michigan due to winter and inclement weather, as well as other emergencies related to Houghton County & the surrounding County MI area. When there are active school closings, you can find the most up-to-date list of closings & delays here. CBS WLNS 6 News Lansing Mi Live Stream, Watch local breaking news on CBS 6 WLNS TV Lansing Mississippi online channel &Radar Weather Forecast which presents Girls. Count on WDIO to inform you about School Closings. We cover a large part of southern West Virginia and SW Virginia including Beckley, Bluefield, Lewisburg, Oak Hill, PIneville, Tazewell and. Please select a region to stay informed on the latest local news via News12. More info… Video created by Okte to celebrate the diversity and uniqueness… Power is out at Chango, Shatekon and Arongen. Advertisements Download Our Weather Forecast App Download QR-Code Weather Forecast Developer: iLaunch Web Price: Free. WBOC TV 16 is Delmarva's number one source for breaking news, local news, weather, sports, education and traffic information. LocalNews8. WSYX ABC 6 is On Your Side, providing local news, first warning weather forecasts and alerts, traffic updates, consumer advocacy, and the latest information about sports, politics, law enforcement. Calm wind, clear sky, and no rain. Fri Oct 18, 2019. WBAY-TV 115 S. No active Closings & Delays match your search. Get the latest Michigan Local News, Sports News & US breaking News. 2 Hour Delay. com are Philadelphia's source for breaking news and live streaming video online, covering Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Delaware. Get the latest school closings, cancellations, and delays. To check for a closing or delay check below for a list of all closings for schools within. Teen in custody for threat against Staunton school The boy has been charged with electronically communicating a threat to kill or cause bodily harm, a Class 6 felony. [email protected] WEATHER LINKS. When the weather is bad, stay with WXOW to keep you informed on the latest school closings or delays plus cancellation of area events. NBC10 School Closing Information WPVI Channel 6 School Closing Information; TELEVISION Many TV channels, including channels 3, 6, 10 and 29 carry scrolling lists of school closings and late starts during inclement weather. When there are active school closings, you can find the most up-to-date list of closings & delays here. Get school closing Push Alerts with the WNEP News app. Follow us on all our social media sites to get the latest in breaking local, national, and world news!. BIRMINGHAM, Ala. It works smoothly and seems to be quite stable. Affiliate Program. Detroit, Michigan's Local 4 News, headlines, weather, and sports on ClickOnDetroit. WTVR Closings and Delays. CHICAGO (WLS) -- Find out if your school, business or daycare center is closed because of a weather emergency. com (334) 613-8256; EEO Report; Closed Captioning. News Channel 6 is your source for breaking news and weather coverage across North Texas. Breaking local news, weather and sports in Columbia, Jefferson City, Lake of the Ozarks and around Mid-Missouri from ABC 17 News, KMIZ. The latest forecast, live interactive radar, current conditions for Detroit, Michigan from the First Alert Weather Team. Closings Admin Login. View daily NJ weather updates, watch videos and photos, join the discussion in forums. The latest listings for local school and business closings for the Miami Valley and greater Dayton area including Springfield and Hamilton. Saturday, October 26th No closings at this time. FCC Public File; FCC Public File Help; EEO Report; Closed Captioning; WFIE Careers. An Online Storm Center for School Closings and Event Cancellations in the state of Maine. Decatur, IL (62521) Today. Whether its on-air, online or while you're on the go, you can count on News 4. 14 News is the Tri-State's news and weather leader. School and Organization Closings and Delays. Closings No Closings Found. No active Closings & Delays. School and Organization Closings and Delays. To report a cancellation to WCSH6 and WCSH6. Rochester weather: School closings, cancellations and delays. com and the WDIO mobile app.
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raannt
A Music & Celebrity Interview Online-Magazine.
Festivals/Concerts
Author: raannt
Building Up The Energy with Sander van Doorn – An Interview.
Just days before legendary Dutch DJ, label head and producer Sander van Doorn takes over the sounds of Prysm Nightclub in Chicago on Friday, Dec. 20th. I had the pleasure to connect and get a peak into the mind behind the amazing music. Get to know Sander van Doorn a bit more and if you’re in the 312 (Chicago), make sure to kick off your weekend at Prysm for the celebration of 15 years of his Identity Radio Show!!
Photo provided by: Get In! PR.
We’re super excited for your Prysm show! What should your Chicago fans expect from your Dec. 20th show?
A lot of new music!! In the past few weeks I’ve been working on some really cool tracks and I’m definitely going to be playing them here!
Will we get to hear new music, at the show or any time soon?
Yes, I’m gonna be playing these at the show for sure.
How do you usually prepare for a club show vs. a festival show?
Doing club shows are always more intimate and the sets are longer (most of the time) compared to a festival. In a club you can spend some proper time really building up your set, building up the energy and working towards a climax. At festivals, the people have been already partying for a long time and there’s always another DJ playing before you, so you always need to start with a higher energy.
Do you ever roam around the crowd before or after a set? If so, what do you usually look forward to?
Yeah sometimes I do! With festivals the vibe is always amazing. Everyone just wants to have a good time and they’ve specifically come for their favorite DJ’s. It’s really amazing!
On that note, will you get a chance to roam around Chicago while you’re here?
I’m gonna try for sure but I’ll be coming from another gig and the day after my show in Chicago I need to get up early to go to another city. So I don’t actually have much time in Chicago unfortunately. But I already spend a lot of time here and I really love this City!
What would you say are your top 3 shows of 2019?
I don’t think I can choose because they were all amazing!! The most special one for me was doing a purple haze set completely in Dolby Atmos during ADE at the Melkweg Amsterdam. For this I re-mastered all my tracks in a Dolby studio to create a unique 3D surround sound and this took quite some time. Eventually with the event itself it was amazing to see how everything came together and how the people reacted to this.
Will you be attending Miami Music Week and Ultra Music Festival Miami 2020?
Haha, I can’t say much about that yet but I’m definitely going to Miami for Miami Music Week.
With 2020 just a couple days away, how will you be ringing in the new year?
I’m gonna celebrate NYE in Asia with shows over there, which I’m really looking forward to.
Almost 13 years of DOORN Records! Huge congrats! When it comes to choosing talent, what’s something that you constantly look for in DJs/producers/singers?
I focus on their way of producing and their creativity. I recently signed a new track on Doorn and it’s completely different from what we normally release, but it’s so creative and well produced, I couldn’t resist it!
Last, our signature question: What are your three simple luxuries?
I think I’d have to say my studio, because it’s my musical haven, McDonalds haha, and then it’s not really a simple luxury, but the thing I couldn’t live without would be my little baby girl and my family.
Thank you for the chat Sander and we can’t wait for your show this weekend AND all the amazing new music!!!
Click here for more Electronic Dance Music NEWS.
▪️ KASKADE REDUX 003 2019 TOUR▪️
Kaskade just announced his REDUX 003 2019Tour!! Kaskade will be hitting 14 lucky cities, so hurry and get your tickets… we know they sale out faster than Kim Kardashian-West makeup! Sign up at KaskadeMusic.com for early access to tickets at the city of your choice.
SIGN UP FOR PRE SALE
By registering on our site, you’ll receive a text with a password to grant access to all ticket links for all cities an hour before the general public.
Tickets go on sale Tuesday, August 20th at
8 AM Pacific // 11 Eastern (Fan Pre Sale)
9 AM Pacific // Noon Eastern (General On Sale)
GET TO IT!!
North Coast Music Festival 2019 Official Set Times.
I can literally smell the beauty that is North Coast Music Festival… especially now that the sets times have been announced.
We’re literally excited for all the music, the new location, and a weekend celebrating our laboring! Tickets are still available here: https://northcoastfestival.com/tickets
So make sure you get yours ASAP!!
Prep your North Coast weekend with this list of Dos & Don’ts: https://northcoastfestival.com/guide
Dillon Nathaniel New Single “Mind Sensation” with Jack Beats.
Following “Obsessions” and the announcement of his sophomore EP coming August 16th, house music prodigy Dillon Nathaniel has released the second track from the EP, “Mind Sensation” with the UK-based electronic duo Jack Beats today. The collaboration is a match made in dance floor heaven, with Nathaniel lending the track its house-y quality and skittering percussion, and Jack Beats bringing their signature hard-hitting elastic basslines and massive drops. Listen below:
R3HAB teams up with Vini Vici for vocal psytrance single “Alive” (out now)
R3HAB continues this summer’s hot streak by teaming up with Israeli psytrance duo Vini Vici for “Alive” ft. Pangea & Dego, fusing two considerably different styles to make arguably one of the most unique and dancefloor-friendly sounds of the summer. “Alive” delivers both R3HAB’s meticulous and upbeat melodies and the driving, heavy-hitting pulse of Vini Vicis’s psytrance basslines. Topping it all off with inspiring vocals makes the new track a bonafide festival anthem, and after watching the accompanying music video, it’s clear that was the artists’ intention. Find out what else happens in the music video and prepare to “live like you’re never gonna die.” “Alive” follows R3HAB’s “Don’t Give Up On Me” with Julie Bergan, “This Is How We Party” with Icona Pop, and “All Around The World” with A Touch of Class, which has been added to Spotify’s biggest playlist “Today’s Top Hits” and is getting closer and closer to surpass 100M streams on the platform. Listen here:
The track is incredibly fun and the music video is super creative. A perfect visual for shows this summer. Spotify it here: https://open.spotify.com/album/31x3K8q6G5M5Yu7sIN4rry
Or iTunes it here: https://music.apple.com/us/album/alive-feat-dego-single/1473114689
Dillon Francis, Alison Wonderland – Lost My Mind (NGHTMRE Remix).
Three power houses of music collide and create an iconic track ideal for all forms of raging!
Dillon Francis and Alison Wonderland’s ethereal banger ‘Lost My Mind’ released earlier this year gets a bass driven remix by festival mainstay, NGHTMRE. This epic trifecta brings together some of the electronic scene’s most formidableartists, resulting in a hype tune guaranteed to be blasting through your speakers for the rest of the summer.
Check out the track here:
Play it, buy it, stream it on all your favorite platforms here: https://fanlink.to/NGHTMRELostMyMind
North Coast Music Festival | The 2019 Guide.
North Coast is celebrating turning 10 with a new location, new vibes, new look, AND I couldn’t be more excited. Over its decade, North Coast has shown the city of Chicago the perfect blend of music genres in one space. Not to mention that as the festival grew in popularity, it also grew in respect. The crowd, per my experience, loves and cares of each other and the city. As we approach the 10 year celebration of North Coast, here are the things you you need to know:
North Coast Music Festival 2019 Location & Hours:
Huntington Bank Pavilion at Northerly Island
1300 S Linn White Dr
Festival Hours:
Friday, August 30th, 2019: 2:30 PM – 11:00 PM
Saturday, August 31st, 2019: 2:30 PM – 11:00 PM
How To Get To North Coast Music Festival 2019:
New location, same means of getting there. NCMF provides detail information on how to get to their new location here. With the comfort of Chicago’s public transportation, coming and going will be incredibly convenient.
For more info on Chicago Public Transportation and CTA passes click here.
Other ways to get to the festival:
Bike: Guests riding their bikes to the venue will be able to chain their bikes at the Bike Corral, located on the corner of Solidarity Drive and Linn White Drive.
Parking: is not included with any North Coast Music Festival ticket. There are several parking options close venue.
Adler Lot – $50
Closest lot to the venue, with a limited amount of available parking for oversized vehicles Friday only. Parking in this lot must be prepaid.
East Museum Lot – $35
Second closest lot to the venue with a limited amount of available parking for standard sized vehicles only.
Soldier Field North Garage – $30
Enclosed parking garage for standard sized vehicles only. Tailgating of any kind is not permitted within this parking facility.
Waldron Deck – $30
Located immediately south of Soldier Field and is for standard sized vehicles only.
South Lot – $30
Located just south of the Waldron Deck and Soldier Field, this is available for over-sized and standard sized vehicles.
North Coast Music Festival 2019 #1 Rule to Follow:
HAVE FUN!!! We’re celebrating 10 years of music and love. So grab your favorite people, throw on your festival gear on and dance!!
Complete North Coast Music Festival 2019 Lineup.
Purchase tickets here: https://northcoastfestival.com/tickets
Ultra Music Festival Miami is Coming Back to Bayfront!
O👏🏽M👏🏽G!!!!!! I’m literally tearing up with joy!!!
MIAMI, WE’RE COMING HOME! #BackToBayfront
A post shared by Ultra Music Festival (@ultra) on Jul 25, 2019 at 3:46pm PDT
6 years of Ultra music festivals under my belt. The experience is always amazing. The vibe, the music, the people, and the place. This last year, 2019, Ultra celebrated 21 years in a new location, Virginia Key. Altho the festivities went on without trouble, transportation was a bit of a mess… Now, come on, it was not all on organizers. We have to be realistic, for the limitations the location had, Ultra did a great job at accommodating and keeping the traffic moving.
The negative news headlines came from angry festival goers that couldn’t patiently wait for their ride… also, these inpatient ravers, decide to walk the couple of miles (we walk more around our jobs in an 8-hour shift) on the two lane bridge (while intoxicated – lets be for real). Thus, creating more traffic for moving cars and eventually causing an accident.
This wasn’t Ultra’s fault. This wasn’t the cities fault. This wasn’t even the locations fault. But that’s not what people wanted to read or see… there for, the news published what they did and festival goers ate it up… Now, all the positive efforts and planning and FREE services for goers went unnoticed and un-pressed.
The good news is that Ultra is coming home. Back to its downtown location and I couldn’t be more happy. I’m incredibly excited to see what they will bring to us next year and I can’t wait to create more memories with all the UMF fans!!
See you at Bayfront next year!!! PS register for your tickets now here: UltraMusicFestival.com/tickets
Ticket registration for #Ultra2020 is now open at UltraMusicFestival.com/tickets March 20.21.22 2020 — Bayfront Park
Monster Energy Announces Elephante As Headliner for Fall 2019 Up & Up College Festival Series
Monster Energy is thrilled to announce American DJ Elephante as the headliner for its Fall 2019 Up & Up College Festival series. The four colleges that generate the highest pre-sales in 48-hours will bring the headlining artist to perform at their college towns.
Elephante (Tim Wu) has spent the past few years wowing audiences at major music festivals across the country (including EDC Las Vegas, Electric Zoo, and Hangout Fest) and amassing hundreds of millions of streams worldwide. The Ann Arbor, Michigan-raised, classically-trained pianist and singer-songwriter initially took a desk job before embracing the “Elephant in the room” and leaving office work behind forever to pursue a career in music. His two independent EPs, I Am the Elephante (2016) and Glass Mansion (2018) have won him international acclaim as a groundbreaking presence among dance music producers.
The Up & Up College Festival series first kicked off in 2016 as an electrifying competition that pits colleges against each other in a 48-hour guerrilla campaign to sell the largest number of pre-sales. Each season, student influencers at participating schools create teams and work over two days to motivate their student bodies to pre-order reasonably priced tickets. Top-selling schools win the competition and bring a popular headlining artist to perform at or near their campus. Since its inception, the Up & Up College Festival series has become one of the fastest-growing music properties in college communities across the US.
Washington State and Wake Forest won the 2016 competition, bringing Cash Cash to their schools’ festivals. In the fall of 2017, students at San Jose State, UC Davis, Washington State University, and UT-Austin partied at a performance by DJ/Producer Alan Walker. San Jose State, UC Davis, and UC Santa Barbara battled hard and won the spring 2018 pre-sale contest and brought GRYFFIN to their campus Up & Up College Festivals. Meanwhile, Dayton, San Jose, Lehigh, Ohio Oxford, and Bryant brought Two Friends to their campuses in the fall of 2018. This past Spring semester had Slushii visit Penn State, Alabama, JMU, UNC Wilmington, Iowa and WSU.
The Up & Up Festival Series competition utilizes an innovative ticket sales concept that only charges the credit cards of purchasers should their college win. In addition to bringing trending artists to winning campuses, the the competition is a positive way to bring student bodies together, foster leadership, and spark interest in/provide access to future jobs in the music industry.
“I’m pumped to be a part of the Monster Energy Up & Up Festival!” said Elephante. “I cut my touring teeth on a lot of college shows, so to be able to come back now on such a bigger scale after all these years feels very full circle. Some of the best times of my life were going to shows like this in school, so I can’t wait to bring it back and turn campuses into a zoo for the night.”
Monster Energy will unveil the colleges competing in this fall’s event on August 26, and the 48-hour competition will go live on September 10. The Up & Up College Festivals for this fall’s four winning campuses will take place in October and November.
To learn more about the Monster Energy Up & Up Festival, visit https://upandupfestival.com/.
Mamby On The Beach 2019 – CANCELLED
Organizers for Mamby On The Beach are saddened to announce that the 2019 festival has been cancelled due to circumstances beyond their control. These unforeseen issues include significantly higher than average waters of Lake Michigan eliminating the beach portion of the festival’s intended site. Additionally, the original footprint was affected by the presence of Great Lakes Piping Plover shorebirds, a federally protected species.
Despite working tirelessly with the Chicago Park District and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Services to find a new location, moving the festival at this late a date, while still providing a superior beach event experience, would be impossible and a disservice to fans and artists alike.
Next week, See Tickets will be automatically refunding all online orders in full back to the card used at checkout. Please allow 5-10 business days post the actual refund date for the funds to be credited to your account. Feel free to contact See Tickets US (help@seetickets.us) if you have not received your refund AFTER allowing for those 5-10 business day processing period.
Jam Productions and React Presents give thanks to attendees, fans, and the Chicago community for their understanding and ongoing support.
Never fear Mamby fans, React Presents & Jam Productions always treat their fans with respect and fairly… As much as we’re sad to not celebrate on the beach with everyone, we know their future plans will be greater and amazing!
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Members, Board and Committee
Sambhali Trust was founded on the 16th January 2007 by Govind Singh Rathore, Virendra Singh Chouhan, Mukta Kanwar, Badan Kanwar and Rashmi Rathore, who became the 5 trustees of the Sambhali Trust “Non Profit”, Charitable Organisation. It has taken the whole team a lot of effort, dedication and enthusiasm to develop Sambhali Trust, and build the trust and faith of our partners and supporters. We are very proud of the relationship we have maintained with the local community as well as our international sponsors.
Trustees of Sambhali
Govind Singh Rathore
Born and raised in Jodhpur, Govind vowed from an early age to dedicate his life to helping protect the most vulnerable women and children in Indian society, after witnessing extreme violence and discrimination towards the women in his own family. Sambhali Trust is his passion.
Rashmi Rathore
Rashmi is Director of the Nutrition Program, Senior Public Health Nutritionist at Jodhpur School of Public Health and Nutritionist at Vasundhara Hospital & Fertility Research Centre, Jodhpur.
Badan Kanwar, Govind’s Mother was the inspiration for setting up the Trust and is the house mother of the project.
Mukta Kanwar
Originally from Neemuch in Madhya Pradesh, Mukta is one of the five founding members of the Trust. Mukta is a member of Rotary Club-Padmini and Rajput Mothers Foundation in Jodhpur and manages the family-owned guest house 'Durag Niwas Guest House'.
Virendra Singh Chouhan
Virendra is director of 'RAJPUT Cultural adventures in Rajasthan.' He has a diploma in tourism from the Hotel Management Institute, Jodhpur.
Dr. Reena Bhansali
Counseling Psychologist Ph. D by Degree and Counseling Psychologist by Profession Dr. Reena Bhansali has been working in this field since 2003 and is attached with SMC 32 Wing, India Airforce Jodhpur (since 2008), various schools, colleges, Vasundhara Hospital Jodhpur and runs her own private clinic ‘Smile Junction’.
Master in Law and Practising Advocate at Rajasthan High Court, Jodhpur since 2002. Apart from his law degree he also holds Diploma in Tax practice after completion of Economics Honours degree in Bachelors. He has been deeply involved in community services and has provided 200 free legal aid to victims and parties.
National Advisory Board:
Advt. Vandana Bhansali - Mrs. Bhansali has a Master’s degree in Law and is an advocate at the Rajasthan High Court in Jodhpur, where she has been practising since 2006. She is a member of the Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) Jodhpur, “Women Redressal Committee” and has worked on women’s issues specialising in declining sex ratio and domestic violence, a project undertaken by UNFPA and CHEARS.
Ramona Saboo -Mrs. Saboo is Founder/Director of Forty Red Bangles, which she founded in 2010; a socially conscious and ecologically responsible company based in Mumbai, which supports many NGOs and cooperatives throughout India by sourcing items from them for her store. Mrs Saboo has long been a supporter of Sambhali Trust, in particular its sewing centres.
Dr. Shakti Singh Khakhadki - Dr. Khakhadki has a Doctorate in Rajasthani literature and is formerly assistant to the Rajmata Saheb of Jodhpur. He is a passionate tourist guide, social activist and writer and also runs a business for hand-made fashion wedding accessories.
Dr. Mahendra Singh Tanwar - Writer & Asst. Manager Maharaja Maan Singh Pustak Prakash, Research center, Mehrangarh Fort, Jodhpur, India
Dr. (Mrs) Kunjan Trivedi - Dr Trivedi has been the Professor of the Dept of Human Sciences in Jodhpur from 2001-13. She obtained a PhD in Human Development and more recently a Master’s Diploma in Gender Studies. Amongst her many achievements in her illustrious career she has written several publications, papers, articles and books on social issues surrounding women in Rajasthan as well as helping to establish the syllabi for several degree courses in universities in Jodhpur.
International Advisory Board:
Dr. Sadhvi Shanti Puri - Sambhali Austria, Hilfe für Frauen und Kinder in Indien, Vienna, Austria
Ms. Renate Massmann-Krei - Freunde für Sambhali e. V., Allensbach, Germany
Mrs. Sarah Harrington - Sambhali UK, United Kingdom
Mrs. Jacqueline de Chollet - Founder/Director of Global Foundation for Humanity, UK/USA
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May 12, 2017 Chapter 3 – The Donald
President Donald Trump issued a thinly veiled threat Friday to fired FBI Director James Comey, apparently suggesting there are possibly recorded conversations between the two men that could be leaked to counter the former FBI director if necessary.
“James Comey better hope that there are no ‘tapes’ of our conversations before he starts leaking to the press,” Trump tweeted.
The remark is an extraordinary development in the ongoing feud between the President and the agencies investigating alleged ties between his campaign and White House press secretary Sean Spicer said at an afternoon briefing that Trump’s warning was “not a threat,” adding, “The President has nothing further to say on that.”
When he fired Comey earlier this week, Trump garnered comparisons to President Richard Nixon and his infamous decision to remove the special prosecutor investigating Watergate crimes in 1973. The Watergate scandal accelerated drastically when it was revealed Nixon taped conversations in the White House. Trump didn’t provide further details Friday on whether he was taping conversations.
Asked whether Trump was recording conversations in the White House, Spicer repeated his statement that Trump had nothing further to add.
Comey is “not worried about any tapes” of conversations between him and Trump, a source familiar with the matter told CNN on Friday, adding that “if there is a tape, there’s nothing he is worried about” that could be on it.
Trump threatens Comey in Twitter outburst
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Escape from Russia
The visit to St Petersburg was a surprise romantic trip for my wife on our wedding anniversary. It’s a stunning place; we both loved it – until we attempted to return home.
Our plane left at a convenient time: 11.30 a.m. At just after nine we stood in the sunshine near the sign that displayed the timetable for the Airport Express. The vehicle existed, we had observed it at this point as we walked between the hotel and the Dostoevsky Metro station. It was simply a white minibus with Airport Express in black on its sides. The timetable indicated that its number was K9000 and that the first bus was at 9.15 a.m. then every half hour. Many buses and trolley cars came and went – the Express did not. The heat became intense. 9.45 a.m. came and went yet still no bus. At 10 o’clock, I broke and re-entered the hotel to order a taxi. No problem sir – but the fixed price of 1,600 roubles was well beyond my remaining cash. No problem, there was a cash machine in the lobby and I had already used it (you need a lot of cash in St Petersburg). But now, in extremis, it would not dispense cash to me. A kind man tried to help me though I do not really need help with cash machines that have an English option. His motivation was unclear until he announced that he was my taxi-driver. I followed him to another machine, still no joy and time ticking on.
“Come,” he said decisively and we piled into the cab. We negotiated as he sped towards the airport. He called someone for the current exchange rate of sterling and we settled on £30 plus 100 roubles. He got us to the airport by 10.30 a.m. Good man. We struggled through security and tried to find check-in. Nothing on the screens so I asked some one for help and was mortified to find that we were in the wrong terminal! Terminal two was the international terminal but our airline flew from the domestic one – terminal one.
We rushed outside, and looked around the semi-deserted departure set down area. I found a bus but it did not go to terminal one. I found a taxi but he wanted 700 roubles for the trip. I offered him all I had (about 350 roubles) but he would not budge. Rushed back to the bus where a young woman who spoke English took us in hand. She said that the bus went partway and we should take it. She joined us. It dropped the three of us on a dual carriageway where I struggled over a bridge to the other side. Here our helper stopped various buses – no good. Then she waved down a car and after a fervent discussion with the driver stated that he would take us to terminal one for 200 roubles – all I had left. He drove his old banger at satisfying speed whilst bemoaning, in broken English, the current state of democracy in Russia.
We tried to rush through security, which is impossible, then dashed around looking for check-in. It was closed – no one there. I ran to other desks and then to the information point. There the expressionless woman told me that we had missed the plane and we must go to the Russian Airways ticket desk. “But the plane has not left,” I bleated. She busied herself with the next query.
At the ticket desk I was told that we had missed the plane, the next was in two days time, and that we would have to pay a charge for new tickets. Kindly she searched her computer and found that there was a BA flight later that day and gave me a price (wince). Also there was an Aeroflot route via Moscow. We went to the Aeroflot desk and were astounded by the price. We retired to a diner where all we could afford was a glass of milk between us! But it had Wi-Fi and I found a cheapish apartment which looked nice. We decided to stay for the two-day wait. I booked the apartment then returned to the Russian Airways desk to book our flights. This took a lot of computer bashing and another bashing on the credit card but at last we were all set. I found a cash machine that worked and we returned to St Petersburg centre.
Two days later we began our journey to the airport again. This time we knew the correct terminal and, even though the plane left at the same time as the last one, we started out earlier. We also followed the guidebook by taking the metro to Pushkinskaya station where it stated that the Airport Express would take us to the terminal. This was the metro station that the Airport Express had dropped us at when we first arrived in St Petersburg. We were full of confidence this time, but soon became worried: there was no Airport Express at Pushkinskaya though we asked and asked and searched and searched. Of course, a taxi driver offered his services and stated that there was no Airport Express. At first I ignored him, but, in desperation, asked him the price.
“Special price – 1,000 roubles,” he replied. It was a special price and he was not a real taxi driver: his unmarked car looked a bit rough. But we had no choice so I agreed. Then I looked in my wallet I did not have enough roubles – as before we had tried to minimise the Russian cash that we took home. I held out 750 roubles and he agreed to take it. Off we went in the old banger which this thick set, bull necked man wrenched around corners using his own power steering - brute strength.
We were there by 10.15 a.m. Plenty of time. Security again (how many X-rays can one suitcase take) then off to check-in. We smiled confidently. We had made it. A sultry assistant examined our passports before check-in then called a large uniformed man over. I had a sudden thought – the visas had expired on the day of our missed flight, surely they wouldn’t, couldn’t keep us there for a two day overstay which wasn’t our fault? The man showed no expression as he examined the passports then accompanied us to the check in desk. Everything seemed to be going well. We were issued with tickets and our bag chuntered up the slope to join the others on their way to the plane. I began to relax: once your bags are on you have to travel too; otherwise the bags have to be taken off again. Then the man’s hand snaked forward, yanked our bag of the belt and plonked it on the floor. It was going nowhere and nor were we. He beckoned to us. I asked about the bag. The check-in woman said that if we got through passport control it would be placed on the belt – no problem.
We followed our minder through to passport control then tried to select the queue leading to the most amenable checker. We began to inch forward, perhaps all would be OK. Then our minder was joined by a younger, smarter looking man. They talked whilst looking suspiciously at us. They then nodded in conclusion and yanked us out of the queue! I asked the younger man if he spoke English: he ignored me. The two of them took our passports and tickets and talked between themselves. We were becoming frantic.
Then an angel appeared, later I learned that her name was Anna. She was in her twenties and spoke perfect English and Russian. She asked what was going on, listened to the men, heard our plaintive story and started translating.
“They say that your visa has expired. You must go to terminal two where there is a special ATM. There you must pay 1,400 roubles to extend the visa and return here,” she said.
At this point Margaret burst into tears saying that was impossible and that she just wanted to leave Russia. The men were unmoved. Anna got quite cross with them, but they insisted. We must go to terminal two to get the visa extensions. She took out a notebook and wrote down the name of the bank that I had to find. The men wandered off after giving me the passport and useless tickets. Margaret said that it was useless; we had been through this terminal one, terminal two thing already. Anna became a little cross with her.
“You must not be so defeatist,” she chided. “It is five minutes to the other terminal. It can be done. You can stay here. He can go. I have to go now - I have to work.”
I patted her shoulder and thanked her for her kindness. I shot off relieved to be alone since it was so much faster. I managed to get out of departures and swiftly found taxi, just 400 roubles – the official rate I think. But it was not five minutes to terminal two, more like fifteen. I did not dare look at the time, there was no point. At the other end I had to pass through the security queues yet again, but did not panic. I had resolved that if we did not make the plane then we would pay for any other alternative to get into Europe and out of the clutches of the Russians who seemed to be milking us like the proverbial cash cow.
I showed Anna’s scribbled note around and at last found the bank – just a small glass-fronted box-like office with one lady within it. She was dealing with a customer so I had to wait whilst dithering between panic and calmness. At last the other person left and I discovered that the bank lady had no English at all! But she did understand what I wanted when I pointed to the visa page of my passport. I guessed that this happened a lot. She took out a large file and began to read her instructions. She then held up a form which was entirely in Russian, she speckled it with crosses where I had to make entries. The form had to be completed in duplicate and there was one for each of us. She cajoled me into putting the right things into the right boxes by shouting at me in Russian and pointing at the fields of my passport. At one time the man behind me joined in. He did not speak English either but, surprisingly, he did help.
Then came payment, after many tries with my well-worn debit card and even with the help of the man behind me it seemed that she couldn’t extract the 1400 roubles from it. Finally I had to go off to a cash machine and get roubles – they were gradually draining my bank account. The forms were copied cut and stamped – now we were getting somewhere. She returned everything to me and I used my one Russian word on her - ‘spasibo’ – thank you.
I knew it was hopeless but I continued with the charade. I was sure that my plane was in the air by now, but I rushed out to find a taxi and had the fortune to pick up one that had just dropped someone off. The driver sped me to terminal one in just five minutes – magic and he only charged 400 roubles.
The security queue to enter terminal one was horrendous and I could not by-pass it – you can’t by-pass security. However, I did not panic; I was beyond panic. Then I was through and running for passport control. The charade continued. I called to Margaret who looked quite downcast and forced myself, with apologies, to the front of the passport queue. The woman at the desk made a call which was good sign I thought - perhaps the plane could be delayed for us. She then examined the passport and forms.
“But you have no visas,” she said chillingly.
My heart dropped. Was my drastic journey to and from terminal two in vain? Could we not get out of this bloody country even if it meant taking another flight? Another call and a young man appeared and led us away to another booth, then left us waiting. After five minutes he reappeared – with the young man we had encountered before. He looked at me, smiled and said. “Good”.
I had obviously done well, but did this mean that the plane was still there? More computer bashing and the satisfying thump of stamps landing on our passports then our man was rushing us through the gate, through another checkpoint (hurdle) and then security again. This was a high jump, the pass mark had risen. Margaret had to remove her boots and I had to take everything out of my pockets and remove my belt. We passed, then charged onwards dressing as we ran, for now we had lost our leader. Then we found him just as I realised that I had left my shoulder bag at security! I left him making furious phone calls on our behalf and then had to open my bag for examination by the punctilious security man. I ran back, we had to follow our man downstairs to a different gate and then board a big bus (just for us) out to the plane.
We walked down the aisle with downcast eyes and found our seats. Presumably everyone hated us for delaying the plane. However, some passengers did smile at us as we sank gratefully into ours seats: I do not know why they did. There were still delays before takeoff – missed slots for the runway I suppose, but finally we did get going. We were free. Russia had extracted a lot of money, and even more nervous energy, from us, but we had escaped. We smiled and agreed that we would never go back.
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Poland - attempt to introduce smoking ban in public places fails..
April 5, 2010 - An attempt to impose a complete ban on smoking in public places in Poland failed on Friday 26 March, when its Senate approved a bill that will allow smoking in bars and restaurants that have more than one room, as long as a no smoking room is provided, and in hotels and student accommodation.
Back on February 15, 2010 we were disappointed when the full parliament sent smoking ban bill back to committee to weaken the bill.
Lukasz Balwicki, of the Department of Public Health and Social Medicine at the Medical University of Gdask, expressed regret at the failure to introduce a full smoking ban. He said that the tobacco lobby had worked hard against a comprehensive ban on smoking in public. "The tobacco industry tried to convince [the government] that new stronger regulations would lower revenue coming from tobacco taxes. In times of a financial downturn this is a strong argument," Dr Balwicki said
The situation has been made worse by the fact that the country’s health minister, Ewa Kopacz, a paediatrician, is a smoker and a strong opponent of a complete ban.
Dr Balwicki expressed relief, however, that the Senate’s bill was not as retrogressive (move backward) as one passed earlier in March by the Sejm, Poland’s lower chamber.
The two chambers must now haggle over specifics to try to hammer out a single version of the bill, which would become law if signed by the Polish president.
Dr Balwicki, who is a member of the Polish Society for Health Programmes, said he thought that the Sejm would agree to the Senate version, as both houses are controlled by the same party, the centre right Civic Platform. The Senate version was approved only after consultation with Sejm colleagues, he added.
Dorota Sienkiewicz, policy officer at the European Public Health Alliance in Brussels, said that Poland had ratified the World Health Organization’s Framework Convention on Tobacco Control in 2006 and for the past three years had been debating a more comprehensive public smoking ban.
The process seemed to be progressing smoothly, with strong political support in both chambers for a comprehensive smoking ban. "Nearly all politicians were in favour," she said. "But in the two weeks before the [Sejm] vote, everything changed."
On 4 March the Sejm approved a bill that would allow smoking in separate rooms in almost all public places, including in hospitals, schools, kindergartens, and workplaces. The bill would also allow separate smoking rooms in pubs and restaurants over 100 square metres. In smaller venues the owner would be given the right to choose to be either a 100% smoking or non-smoking establishment.
The Sejm’s bill was a step backward from current Polish law approved in 1995, which bans smoking in hospitals, schools, and workplaces, Ms Sienkiewicz said, adding that the 1995 law was "very progressive" when it was approved.
She agreed with Dr Balwicki that the tobacco lobby has been active in working against a comprehensive public smoking ban.
The Senate bill completely bans smoking in hospitals, schools, and workplaces, as well as in one room pubs and restaurants. "The Senate showed better understanding of the problem and repaired most of the mistakes made by the lower chamber," Dr Balwicki said, but he added that smoke free advocates would have preferred a complete ban..
Reference: Poland: Attempt to introduce smoking ban in public places fails, ASH, Source: BMJ, 30 March 2010, 4/1/2010.
Poland - related news briefs:
Poland - lower house weakens smoking ban..;
Poland - disappointment , full parliament sends smoking ban bill back to committee to weaken bill..;
Poland - pubs and restaurants fear bankruptcy if smoking ban becomes law..;
Poland - lower house of parliament (Sejm) will vote Friday, February 12th on smoking ban..;
Poland - son suing Philip Morris Polska and Zakłady Przemysłu Tytoniowego over death of his mother..;
Poland to ban smoking in indoor public places, in passenger cars if children present and prohibit display of cigarettes..;
Posted by tobaccowatch.org Monday, April 5, 2010 at 12:06 PM
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Kingdom of Tonga: Tongatapu
On Sunday, October 28, we left Vava'u for Tongatapu. We were sorry to skip the remote Ha'apai group of islands, but we've vowed to return next year and take our time exploring Tonga.
The trip from Vava'u to Tongatapu is about 175-miles. We picked the most direct route down the western side of the island chains. We did this so we could make the trip in a day and a half, requiring only one night at sea. This did however, take us through a fairly narrow path between the islands and a series of waypoints where there was reported volcanic activity. Tonga sits on the eastern edge of the Tonga Trench. This long oceanic valley running 2,000 km from Tonga to New Zealand is one of the lowest segments on the ocean floor, in places more than 10 km deep. Tonga is on the Pacific Ring of Fire. Tonga is moving east-southeast at a rate of 20 millimeters a year and the crack in the earth's crust that originally built Tonga has shifted northwest. There is therefore, a string of active volcanoes in a line 50 km west of Ha'apai and Vava'u. It adds another dimension to the watch schedule to have to keep an eye out for newly developed volcanic islands that may not be on your charts.
Our route from Vava'u to Tongatapu
We left Vava'u at dawn, at about 0530. We picked our way out through the islands into clear water. The winds had been blowing from the south, but we had timed our departure well. The day we left the seas were down, and the wind was slowly swinging from the south to east-southeast. Our first day we had light southeasterly winds of 10-12 knots. We had to beat into these, but the seas were small. The winds continued to swing east, and we finished the passage on a nice beam reach.
Sunset over one of the active volcanoes in Tonga
On Monday, October 29, we arrived at the outer motus of Tongatapu at 1300 and reached the harbor at Nuku'alofa at 1500. Layla and Rainsong had arrived earlier that morning, and Jason helped us Med-moor to the breakwater in the harbor.
Row of cruising boats Med-moored to the coral breakwater
Layla on the end and Felicity the third boat in secured in the Nuku'alofa harbor
Drew and Vernita, Jason and Tam, and Ken and I all went out for a great Chinese dinner and turned in early, still being tired from the passage.
Over the next few days we checked-in with the port authority, and scoped out the Internet cafe. We had sticker shock in Vava'u where internet connections were $1 USD/minute since everything was over a phone line. In Nuku'alofa where they have better connections, we are paying $4 USD/hour. Since it was such a bargain, Ken and I did some surfing and will try to update our Web site here.
Nuku'alofa is the capital city of Tonga and home of the Royal Family and Palace. We did a little exploring of town with Drew and Vernita and Jason and Tam. We stopped at a very trendy looking little restaurant and coffee bar that could have been in San Francisco or in downtown Seattle.
I was in heaven to be able to order a latte.
A very artistic and tropical Tongan latte
Some of the rest of the crew got lunch. Jason got the biggest omelet I'd ever seen.
Drew, Tam, and Jason with his Tongan-sized breakfast
Ken and I walked back to the harbor and did a little sight-seeing. Nuku'alofa isn't large and is a little shabby around the edges, but the people are extremely friendly and the town is hopping with activity.
Royal Navy Base - there were two small but modern navy ships tied to the wharf
A lovely stone church, one of the many supported by this very religious nation
Three groups of high school girls in their different uniforms
All Tongan children go to the state run grade school, which takes them to the sixth grade. They then must take an entrance exam to attend secondary school, the equivalent to our high school. There is one secondary school run by the state and many run by different churches; each has their own uniform.
We also met a few of our new cruising friends. Most of the people here are like us and doing less touring and more running around with boat projects and errands to prepare for the big jump to New Zealand.
Ken with Laura, Laura has cruised here from the UK with her parents aboard Muna a 33' boat
Xen & Shalene, a Canadian couple cruising on Inetora, a home built catamaran
We found the cemetery on Nuku'alofa quite fascinating. The graves were decorated with as much exuberance as they were in Mexico on the "day of the dead", but apparently these graves are decorated like this all year. Some of the graves are fenced in and locked, others have quilts hung above them, and most are covered with plastic flowers.
Nuku'alofa cemetery
A friendly Tongan gentleman in typical dress took a break from sweeping the sidewalk to pose for a photo with Ken
A variety of boats in the Nuku'alofa harbor
The islands around Tongatapu look lovely; but unfortunately, most of our time here will be spent preparing for our passage to New Zealand.
This 1,100-mile passage will be our second-longest to date and could easily be our roughest. Watching for an appropriate weather window will occupy a good deal of our time. We also have a few repairs and boat maintenance items to do, as well as the standard passage preparations.
<<Journal: Kingdom of Tonga: Vava'u Home Journal: Tonga to New Zealand>>
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Tag Archives: Opportunity Now
Alumni, EVENTS, FACULTY, FEATURED, NEWS, SCHOOLS AND COLLEGES
TSU excels in Providing Interns for mayor’s Opportunity NOW Program
May 25, 2017 Emmanuel Freeman
NASHVILLE, Tenn. (TSU News Service) – Tennessee State University is putting more students to work this summer under Mayor Megan Barry’s Opportunity NOW program.
A report from the mayor’s office shows that 51 TSU students applied for positions with the program, more than any other university or college in the Davidson County area.
An initiative launched earlier this year by Mayor Barry, Opportunity NOW seeks to provide young people in Davidson County access to employment.
Treasure Giddens, a senior chemistry major from Detroit, is one of the TSU student interns in the program this year. She will work as a peer coach at McGavock High School.
“I am excited about the opportunity to mentor students, something I have always loved to do,” Giddens said.
Through its Experiential Learning and Job Development office, TSU’s Career Development Center partnered with the mayor’s workforce development team to see how TSU students could benefit from the program.
Charles Jennings, the center’s director, said “the response was great.”
“We were presented with an opportunity to provide students for the program,” Jennings said. “As a team, we marketed it heavily to a lot of students who came to our office who were looking for summer internships. To hear from the mayor’s office that we topped other schools just goes to show how well prepared our students are to embrace the workforce.”
The goal is to hire 9,000 young people — ages 15-24 — for summer employment with businesses and organizations around Nashville.
“We want to connect youth to hope, and that means connecting them to opportunity and jobs,” Barry said at the launching of the program. “I want for our youth what I want for everyone in our city – a chance to succeed.”
Christina Smith is also participating in the program. A senior psychology major from Memphis, she is thinking about teaching after graduate school. She is assigned to Hunters Lane High School, where she will teach job training skills to students.
“I think this is a great opportunity for me to just get a feel of how kids younger than me operate and how to go about interacting with them,” Smith said.
On how TSU was able to attract so many students to the Opportunity NOW program in such a short period, Chandria Harris, coordinator of Experiential Learning and Job Development, said “teamwork and getting all departments involved was very helpful.”
“From Tiger Track to collaborating with other colleges and coordinators and directors, posting the information, and going after students who needed internships, we were able to capture the 51 students,” Harris said.
The partnership with Opportunity NOW is just one of many efforts the Career Development Center has initiated to expose TSU students to career and job opportunities.
That, combined with the level of job-readiness preparation students are receiving in the classroom, is making TSU graduates more attractive to potential employers.
For instance, a number of students who received degrees at TSU’s May commencement are fully employed at some of the nation’s major companies, such as Lockheed Martin, Boeing, Bank of America, BMW and Raytheon.
“I am so pleased with the innovative and exemplary work executed by our CDC team,” said Dr. Jame’l Hodges, assistant vice president for administrative support in TSU’s Division of Student Affairs. “The CDC team and overall Division of Student Affairs will continue to raise the bar in meeting industry standards, and aligning with high- impact practices all while upholding the mission of TSU.”
For more information about TSU’s Career Development Center, visit http://www.tnstate.edu/careers/
3500 John Merritt Boulevard
With more than 9,000 students, Tennessee State University is Nashville’s only public university, and is a comprehensive, urban, co-educational, land-grant university offering 38 undergraduate, 25 graduate and seven doctoral programs. TSU has earned a top 20 ranking for Historically Black Colleges and Universities according to U.S. News and World Report, and rated as one of the top universities in the country by Washington Monthly for social mobility, research and community service. Founded in 1912, Tennessee State University celebrated 100 years in Nashville during 2012. Visit the University online at tnstate.edu.
Career Development Centerfeaturedmayor megan barryOpportunity NowSummer Internships
Alumni, EVENTS, FACULTY, FEATURED, GRANTS, NEWS, RESEARCH, Research and Sponsored Programs, SCHOOLS AND COLLEGES
TSU, Cheekwood, Nashville Mayor Announce Partnership to Offer Students Paid Internships
March 29, 2017 Emmanuel Freeman
NASHVILLE, Tenn. (TSU News Service) – A partnership between Tennessee State University, Cheekwood and the mayor’s Opportunity Now program will provide paid internships and hands-on horticultural training to TSU students interested in careers in the environment.
President Glenda Glover makes remarks following the announcement of the TSU partnership with Cheekwood and Opportunity NOW. (Photo by Courtney Buggs, TSU Media Relations)
Nashville Mayor Megan Barry, TSU President Glenda Glover, and Jane MacLeod, Cheekwood president and CEO, announced the partnership Wednesday at a news conference at the Cheekwood Estate and Garden.
The partnership is part of a Cheekwood Career Readiness Initiative, designed to “inspire a new generation of horticulturalists and outdoor educators,” according to MacLeod.
It offers horticulture/landscape training and job skills development. Interns also receive one-on-one mentoring with leading horticultural experts, access to nationally acclaimed plant collection, and paid compensation.
“It is just great to see Tennessee State University and Cheekwood, two great institutions in our city to form this partnership that can lead to long-term jobs or careers in horticulture,” said Barry, whose Opportunity Now initiative aims to provide young people ages 14-24 in Davidson County access to employment.“
President Glover said with new concepts and advances in the field of horticulture, Cheekwood provides the necessary training environment and job-skills opportunity for TSU students.
“As a premier land-grant institution with an outstanding college of agriculture, TSU takes this partnership very seriously” Glover said. “TSU ranks among the best schools for job placement and we tell our students that a degree earned from TSU will land you gainful employment. That is why this partnership is so important. It helps us to continue our commitment to excellence.”
In welcoming remarks, MacLeod said the partnership with TSU and the mayor’s Opportunity NOW program was part of a strategic effort to raise appreciation and awareness for horticulture particularly among students as a career.
“This effort is also part of Cheekwood’s commitment to reach further out in the Nashville community to support initiatives to better our city, and engage with an increasingly diverse audience,” MacLeod said. “We are extremely glad to work with TSU in furthering these initiatives. The first TSU students who interned with us were exceptional and show great interest in learning what was put before them.”
Tariq Muhammad, a junior plant and soil science major, is one of three TSU students from the College of Agriculture who interned at Cheekwood as part of the partnership. He said the experience was quite different from what is taught in the classroom.
“It was amazing just to work with people who really love to do what they do,” said Mohammad, who worked in the gardens. “That was really a motivation for me. People were always there to help you. I was able to learn so much – the esthetics, the upkeep of the gardens.”
Dr. Chandra Reddy, dean of the TSU College of Agricultural, Human and Natural Sciences, referred to Cheekwood as a ‘jewel in Nashville’ that is very beneficial to TSU.
“They (Cheekwood) are so focused on horticulture which is one of our main focuses at Tennessee State University,” Reddy said. “We are so excited to enter this agreement with them. We are also thankful to President Glover, who has been on the forefront with Cheekwood and the mayor in getting this partnership together, which will not only benefit our students but also our faculty.”
Other TSU students who participated in the six-week internship at Cheekwook are: Jill Mullican, senior, Plant Sciences; and Whitney “Abby” Anderson, sophomore, Agricultural Education.
CheekwoodfeaturedGlenda Glovermayor megan barryOpportunity Nowpartnership
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Tanja Simic Queiroz
Tanja Simic: photo by Mila Basma for the movie "The Lost" by Reynold Reynolds.
Biografie auf deutsch
Biografija na hrvatsi
Curriculo Portugues
Singing is my life. Hope you will enjoy my website. TSQ
Born in Makarska, Croatia, mezzo-soprano, Tanja Simic is recognized for the rich, warm color of her instrument and strong acting abilities.
She received both her Bachelor of Music & Master of Music in Voice from the Mannes College of Music in New York City where she was a scholarship recipient.
As part of the opera program, she performed many Opera scenes and roles such as: Cherubino, Marcellina, Hansel, Tisbe, Dorabella, Carmen & Sesto, among others. Her recent engagements have included the role of Imelda in "Oberto", G. Verdi with the Berliner Opern Gruppe, the role of Sally in "A Hand of Bridge", S. Barber, Mrs. Nolan in "The Medium", G. Menotti and Maggie in "The Gift of the Magi", D. Conte with the Berlin International Opera.
Ms. Simic was an award recipient of the New Jersey Alliance competition (2002) as well as receiving the Artist International award, which culminated in a solo concert at the Weill Hall in Carnegie Hall in 2004. She has also been a participant of the Bach Festival in 2000 and La Belle Epoque Festival in 2002. During the summer of 2004 she was accepted in prestigeous IVIA summer program held in Puerto Rico where she had worked with the coaches from the Metropolitan Opera. She was a winner of the KammerOper Rheinsberg competition in 2009 and was invited to perform in their summer festival numerous concerts an the role of a Satyr in the “Satyrspiel” by Siegfried Matthus. Tanja had sung Solo Alto part with Orchestras in Portugal such as: A. Vivaldi: Gloria, A. Honegger: Le Roi David, W.A Mozart: C minor Mass and Vespere solennes de Confesorre.
She has sung the world premieres of pieces such as: "Lieder", Pedro Moreira (2000), the role of Villa in "Sirena", P. Sisa (2008), and the symphony "Vor dem Verstummen", H. Weiss (2008) as well as Maggie in the German premiere of "The Gift of the Magi", David Conte (2010).
Ms. Simic is also an established concert and lied singer. She has performed many recitals in New York, Croatia, Spain, Holland and Germany with pianists such as: Alexandar Frey, Dunja Robotti, Madalina Pasol, Kanako Nakagawa, John Lidal, Glen Morton, Orly Alonso, Leo Shih and guitar players: Mislav Rezic, and Miroslac Loncar. She has collaborated with conductors such as: Lothar Zagroshek, Nicholas Kraemer, Pedro Ramos, Paulo Lourenco, Toshihisa Okamoto, Marzio Conti, Jurgen Bruns, Felix Kireger, Roland Mell, Zlatan Srzic, Olav Kroger, Kevin McCutcheon, Sung Jin Hong, Ted Taylor, Joseph Colaneri.
Tanja was singing and performing in Audio and Video Art works from Julian Rosefeldt, Barbara Breitenfellner, Jorge and Reynold Reynolds.
Among her past and current Voice Teachers are: Branka Ristic´, Ruth Falcon, Beth Roberts, Abbie Furmansky, John Norris,Thomas Michael Allen, Donna Morein.
Since 2013, Tanja Simic Quieroz has been living in Lisboa, Portugal, where she also maintains a private vocal studio.
Karin Coper, Orpheus Magazine 2010:
"Tanja Simic stands out with her individuality technically well menaged mezzosopran and actor presence."
(S. Barber: A Hand of Bridge, May 2010)
Zlatko Stahuljak, Vjesnik.hr 2008:
"Tanja Simic, mezzosopran with beautiful and voluminous voice."
(Pero Sisa: Sirena, August 2008)
Mark Greenfest, Brooklyn Heights Press 2004:
"Tanja Simic has and oustanding stage presence. She knows how to project her voice that is already rich, expressive, her diction is clear and articulate, her range is well modulated with beautiful even georgeous tone."
(Carnegie Hall concert, Feb 2004.
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43F ~ 46F Moderate Rain View Weather Detail
Daxing airport will have Spring Festival for the first time the flight navigation company put on extra
On January 9, according to civil aviation administration aspects, during the Spring Festival in 2020, Beijing daxing international airport is expected to protect passengers 1.9 million person-time, roads on a 1.25 vehicles;Average daily flights to 312 sorties, increases by about 15% than usual.
Has been in daxing airport flight are open.
China Eastern and its China united airlines is the main capacity, daxing airport in daxing airport share of 53.6%, as of January 7, 2020, the cumulative execution on a 14300 classes, running ZhengChangLv reach an average of 94.78%.
During the Spring Festival, China Eastern and its China united airlines will open 92 routes, flight plan execution of more than 6600 flights, prudent in Shanghai, guangzhou, shenzhen, haikou, sanya, hangzhou, Qingdao, Harbin, such as several major cities in China, da nang and fukuoka, Japan, Vietnam and other international popular tourist destination.
China Eastern said, adding the Beijing daxing international airport to chengdu, wenzhou, guangzhou, xian, chongqing, ningbo flights to a total of 364 class.
The Spring Festival this year, China Eastern airlines will also be in Beijing for the first time two operations.
The capital airport, China Eastern airlines will increase during the Spring Festival in Beijing capital international airport to Bangkok, krabi international flights, a total of 74 classes, the new Beijing capital international airport to Harbin, wuhan, xishuangbanna, wenzhou, nanchang domestic flights, a total of 98 class.
According to China Eastern aspect, after two operations, the Spring Festival in Beijing capacity was increased by 21% over the same period last year.
And united as one of the first fully transitions in daxing airlines, since the rotation field of sailing, have been in Beijing daxing international airport on route 69, ensure flight 12751 class, run ZhengChangLv amounted to 94.32%.
During the Spring Festival, united will enable the newly introduced four aircraft capacity, the company fleet size reach 53, in daxing airport flight 5417, year-on-year increase of 6.51%;Project total investment of about 1.699 billion km, up 7% from a year earlier.
United are expected, in the Spring Festival period in daxing, or the carrier will be more than 830000 passengers, the first peak for January 18 - January 24, average daily passenger flow is expected to more than 22000 people;After peak for January 29 - February 3, average daily passenger flow is expected to about 23000 people.So far, united in daxing, or has already sold 400000 ticket.
Another base of daxing airport, China southern airlines said plan extra flights at the airport in the capital airport and building a total of 650, up 235% from a year earlier.
In addition to the increase in daxing airport hot airline flight, China southern airlines will also be in the capital airport expansion from haikou, sanya, baishan, changde and other airlines flight 144.
Prev:Global tourism accumulated up to 12.3 billion in 2019 up 4.6% from a year earlier
Next:Jingdong: Spring Festival the first week of domestic hotel turnover year-on-year growth of 32.25%
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Lasers speed up seismic damage assessments
Posted on July 28, 2019 July 31, 2019 by Chris Rollins, Ph.D.; Michigan State University
By Alka Tripathy-Lang, Ph.D. (@DrAlkaTrip)
Engineers may have found a way to measure displacement between floors of multistory buildings cheaply, accurately and in real-time, paving the way for quick analysis of the stability of critical infrastructure (e.g. hospitals, airports, water treatment plants) in the event of an earthquake.
Citation: Alka Tripathy-Lang (2019), Lasers speed up seismic damage assessments, Temblor, http://doi.org/10.32858/temblor.040
The Mw 7.1 earthquake on July 5, 2019, was the largest quake California has seen in 20 years. Part of the so-called Ridgecrest earthquake sequence, the Mw 7.1 event served as a reminder of the seismic hazard associated with living on the West Coast of the United States. Although these tremors struck a relatively sparsely populated region, significant damage was sustained, with the estimated economic impact in excess of $100 million. Determining the extent of damage to individual buildings is an arduous and time-consuming task. Now, engineers are testing a state-of-the-art laser-based system that could dramatically speed up post-earthquake damage assessments by accurately measuring displacement between floors of multistory buildings.
Only about 10 buildings in San Francisco have accelerometers. The lack of uniform implementation highlights the need for a new and more efficient system. The new technology, called Discrete Diode Position Sensors, is being pilot tested on a building on the campus of the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory this summer. Credit: Public domain
Is the building safe?
In the chaos immediately following a large, damaging earthquake, structural engineers have a massive workload in assessing the safety of affected buildings, especially critical infrastructure like hospitals and water treatment plants, and large buildings like multistory apartment or office buildings. “The post-event environment is overwhelming and confusing, and people need to know right away if they can go back to work or go home,” says Floriana Petrone, an assistant professor of structural engineering at the University of Nevada, Reno (UNR), visiting faculty scientist at the U.S. Department of Energy Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), and lead author of a paper published in Engineering Structures that presents results from tests of the new laser-based system.
Structural engineers typically spend a day or two evaluating buildings that are under contract, says Ronald Hamburger, a senior principal at Simpson, Gumpertz & Heger, a company that designs, investigates and rehabilitates buildings and structures. Then the engineers respond to calls from other building owners wanting to determine if their buildings are safe for reentry immediately or if they need repairs first, in which case, the engineers develop repair plans. In a few cases, Hamburger says, the damage is obvious. But many buildings conceal their wounds within the walls, he says. This is particularly problematic for certain steel-framed buildings, where the only method to assess damage extent is to manually remove asbestos-based fireproofing. This potentially dangerous damage assessment process can take days to weeks.
Petrone and her UNR/LBNL colleague David McCallen, who first envisioned the technology, think their system could dramatically speed up post-event evaluation of building safety — allowing such evaluations to be completed in minutes instead of days.
Lasers, sensors, wifi and an app
The idea, Petrone says, starts with deploying light-sensitive optical sensors to each story of a multistory building. “All you need,” she says, “is a clear line of sight between the floor and ceiling.” Then, lasers are mounted to the ceiling that shine down onto optical sensors installed on the floor. By determining which sensors are in contact with the laser line at a given time, the location of the laser source can be precisely determined. If the laser moves during an earthquake, then the sensors turn on and off, which informs researchers how much the laser — and by inference, the point at which the laser has been mounted — has moved relative to the location of the sensors. This is the “drift displacement.” Engineers then measure “interstory drift,” which is the movement of each story relative to one another. The interstory drift shows structural deformation, and if the deformation is severe enough to be considered unsafe, as per codes and standards, the system would then inform occupants via a smartphone app that they need to evacuate.
This graphic shows how a laser beam that has been modified to form a line shines onto a board with optical sensors that function as on/off switches. In the newly proposed system, a laser would be mounted on a ceiling and a sensor on a floor. If the laser moves, then the sensors turn on and off, which informs researchers how much the laser — and by inference, the point at which the laser has been mounted — has moved relative to the location of the sensors. Seeing that movement in real time can inform investigators what parts of buildings are damaged and to what extent. Credit: Diana Swantek/Berkeley Lab
The eventual goal, Petrone says, is to outfit buildings with these sensors, complete with backup battery, full wireless connectivity, backup satellite connection and a smartphone app. Not only would this system help residents by letting them know if their floors are damaged, she says, ideally it would also help structural engineers pinpoint which floors require remediation efforts and potentially prioritize their tasks.
A dramatic improvement
Current technology to monitor shaking-related deformation of a building works similarly to how a smartphone’s accelerometer rotates the screen depending on the phone’s orientation. For buildings, accelerometers are placed at different elevations to provide information on how the building is moving (acceleration). However, Petrone says, displacement is required to quantify structural damage, not acceleration, and the calculation of displacement from acceleration is incredibly challenging and cannot be done in real-time.
The new laser-based system measures the relative displacement between two adjacent stories while a building is moving and communicates this information in real-time. Additionally, Petrone says, “the accuracy of the latest generation of optical sensors is less than a millimeter, so we can see even small displacements from daily or weekly tremors [on active faults].”
The new system involves small devices positioned between building stories to detect displacement after earthquakes. Displacement measurements will be sent via smartphones in real time after a quake to tell building inhabitants whether they need to evacuate, and to inform first responders and engineers where damage is most significant. Credit: Diana Swantek/Berkeley Lab
First responders — a more targeted response
In the event of an earthquake, first responders will know which areas shook most severely from ground-shaking measurements and alerts received from agencies like the U.S. Geological Survey. But they don’t know which parts of a building are safe and which are not immediately after an earthquake unless the damage is obvious; the new technology could thus help first responders prioritize evacuations, which could be especially useful for skyscrapers. The technology would also provide an extra layer of safety for the first responders themselves, as they would have more information about areas to avoid within a building.
A cost-benefit analysis
Because building owners and occupants would bear the cost of installing and maintaining these sensors, the benefits must outweigh the cost. Although Petrone and her colleagues only have a pilot project so far, Petrone estimates that the final cost to consumers will be comparable with the cost of an accelerometer system, but with marked improvements that translate into dollars. Because displacement cannot be calculated in real-time from accelerometers, and the fact that accelerometers do not provide information on residual drift (permanent deformation sustained by all or part of a building), Hamburger estimates that only about 10 buildings in San Francisco have such technology installed. This lack of uniform implementation highlights the need for a new and more efficient system.
Knowing the displacement difference between stories of a multilevel building would expedite efforts to assess, fix and use buildings after an earthquake. Thus, Hamburger says, “this technology could potentially save owners of high-rise buildings hundreds of thousands of dollars in post-earthquake inspection costs.”
And if it turns out a building needs substantial repair, or to be razed, there may be faster turnaround when it comes to insurance payouts. Amar Rahman, principal risk engineer at Zurich Insurance Group, says that because loss adjustors would have more accurate damage assessments, the new technology could help expedite loss adjustment investigations. Major urban earthquakes, he says, are incredibly time consuming for manual investigations, so the speedier the damage assessments, the sooner any potential payouts could begin.
Rahman also points out that interstory drift may be an indicator of nonstructural damage — broken building infrastructure hidden behind walls and in ceilings, such as cracked water pipes and faulty electric systems — that is often impossible to assess and may only show up after a couple of weeks. Finding and repairing these issues immediately will keep them from becoming even bigger problems down the road.
Combined, all of these efficiencies could make the laser-based sensor system well worth the cost.
Critical infrastructure — a higher standard
Anything to improve safety is worth investigating, says Mitch Saruwatari, director of emergency management for Kaiser Permanente, a non-for-profit healthcare provider. That’s especially true for critical infrastructure, such as hospitals, police and fire departments, airports, mass transit systems and water treatment plants. Many of these sectors are already held to a much higher standard regarding design and construction, but if this technology could guide inspection teams directly to the locus of structural displacement on specific floors after a quake, it could decrease hospital downtime, Saruwatari says.
Testing the system
Petrone and her colleagues have tested their laser-based sensor system in a laboratory with the help of a shake table, a scaled three-story building frame, and a suite of instruments that provide cross-checks on the laser system results. They found no unanticipated impacts of shaking on the sensors themselves, and the sensors remained functional even after being subjected to multiple earthquake simulations.
They also generated a fully calibrated 3D computer model of the frame and sensor system in conjunction with their experiments that allowed them to explore scenarios that are difficult and expensive to recreate in a controlled environment. The model also allowed them to optimize the installation configuration of the sensors to potentially reduce the number of sensors required, and therefore, the cost of the overall system.
The next step for Petrone and her colleagues is a pilot deployment in a multistory building at LBNL, which sits atop the active Hayward Fault. They will deploy sensors in opposite corners of the building to look at building displacement, with the additional goal of fully calibrating the wireless connectivity to ensure real-time data communication. Aside from ensuring that the system remains functional during earthquakes, the wireless architecture must include security features that keep the sensors safe from cyber-attacks, which is important for wireless systems. Assuming this test is successful, Petrone says, “initial deployment should be right around the corner.”
Petrone, F., McCallen, D., Buckle, I., and Wu, S., 2018, Direct measurement of building transient and residual drift using an optical sensor system. Engineering Structures, v. 176, Dec. 1, 2018, p. 118-126 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2018.08.087
Chris Rollins, Ph.D.; Michigan State University
Postdoctoral Researcher, Michigan State University
Ph.D., California Institute of Technology, 2017
Latest posts by Chris Rollins, Ph.D.; Michigan State University (see all)
Lasers speed up seismic damage assessments - July 28, 2019
The Ridgecrest earthquakes: Torn ground, nested foreshocks, Garlock shocks, and Temblor’s forecast - July 9, 2019
M 7.1 SoCal earthquake triggers aftershocks up to 100 mi away: What’s next? - July 6, 2019
Posted in Earthquake Insights, Publications, Temblor
Polat Gülkan
Useful discussion for use of existing technology.
QUAKE INSIGHTS
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Ang Pagsabog ng bulkang Taal ng Pilipinas na may kasamang lindol at abo
Philippine volcano Taal erupts with a fury of earthquakes and ash
Past meets present to help future seismic hazard forecasts in San Diego
La secuencia sísmica del invierno 2019-2020 en Puerto Rico que ha mantenido a la población en alerta
Puerto Rico’s Winter 2019-2020 Seismic Sequence Leaves the Island On Edge
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Teen Links
Amnesty International Online Works to promote all human rights enshrined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights & other international standards.
Greenpeace Canada Uses nonviolent, creative confrontation to expose global environmental problems.
Habitat for Humanity Canada Eliminates poverty housing by building homes in partnership with families in need.
Humane Society of Canada Protects animals & the earth.
Hunger Site Focuses on the eradication of world hunger. Visit the site each day to click the “donate free food” button & help feed the hungry.
United Way of Canada Builds upon the strength of volunteers & voluntary action by engaging the whole community for the benefit of the whole community.
Terrace Bay’s GREEN News Section Information about GREEN initiatives, GREEN websites, and regional GREEN product/service companies.
Art Forum Selected reviews, features, previews & columns are available in this online version of the magazine.
Art Gallery of Ontario Read all about the AGO’s latest information, resources & services.
Guggenheim Visit the Guggenheim Museum sites – New York, Bilbao, Venice, Berlin, Las Vegas.
Museum of Modern Art Find out what’s on at the MOMA & view selected works.
National Gallery of Canada All about the National Gallery of Canada. Cybermuse offers over 5,000 images of works in the Gallery’s collection.
The Power Plant Canada’s leading contemporary art gallery, located at Harbourfront Centre. Check out “the programme,” under Youth – a series of free instructional workshops available to young adults that combine a tour of the current exhibition with a practical introduction to the diversity of Toronto’s art scene.
Amazon.com Teens Check out the recommended books, browse teen reads by subject & join Amazon.com Delivers to receive monthly recommendations.
Authors4Teens.com A site about contemporary authors whose books explore all aspects of teenage life.
Canadian Library Association – Young Adult Canadian Book Award Offers a description of this award for teen literature. Click on the “complete list” link to see who has won.
Teen Readalikes Over 1000 lists of great books for teens including readalike lists.
Dear Reader Teen Book Club A free online book club. Everyday a new five-minute read; every week a new book.
Favorite Teenage ANGST Books Book reviews arranged according to categories such as sex and love, fitting in, mixed-up families, creativity, etc.
Fooling with Words Contemporary American poets from the 1999 Dodge Poetry Festival share their work, lives, inspirations, and voices.
How Novel!: Canadian Young Adult Literature Produced by the Saskatoon Public Library, this database focuses on Canadian fiction written for young adults aged 12-18.
NetLibrary Entire ebooks for you to download and read, includes Cliff’s Notes!
Ontario Library Association – Red Maple Award A reading program offered to students in Grades 7, 8 and 9 (students’ votes determine the Red Maple Award).
Reader’s Club – Young Adult A guide to locating enjoyable books from the Public Library of Charlotte & Mecklenburg County.
Reading Rants: Out of the Ordinary Teen Booklists Booklists by a NYC librarian with great taste for teens who need a good read.
Representative Poetry Online Resources on poets, poetic language, literary criticism, and poems from the University of Toronto, Dept. of English
What’s Next? Teen Series & Sequels Identifies and organizes all kinds of series & sequels written for or enjoyed by teens.
Animation World Network Provides a wide range of interesting & helpful information pertaining to all aspects of animation.
Comic Book Resources Offers columns, a community (message boards) & endless resources.
DC Comics Secret files, message boards, news, Batman, Superman…
Fangirl The fan site for female characters in comic books & cartoons.
Friends of Lulu A national nonprofit organization whose sole purpose is to promote and encourage female readership and participation in the comic book industry. Check out the Recommended Reading.
Image Comics Sneak peeks, message board, chat room, studio links, event calendar…
Marvel Comics Online Comics, news, fun & games, studios, community, shop…
no flying, no tights A Web site reviewing graphic novels for teens.
Rational Magic – The Comics Get Serious Graphic novel reviews by D. Aviva Rothschild.
UTARPA – University of Toronto’s Japanese Animation Club Provides & promotes Japanese animation. Includes show information, mailing lists, links & more.
YAMA – York University Anime and Manga Association Events, info, news, chat, links, etc.
AcademicInfo The website features hundreds of subject guides as well as educational resources and online degree information.
Canada Student Loans Program Program information ranging from general to specific. Offers all sorts of information about financing your education.
Superior – Greenstone District School Board Offers current information for students & parents of the public school board.
Superior North Catholic School Board Offers current information for students & parents of the catholic / french school board.
Job Futures A valuable reference tool for education & career planning.
Jobboom.com – Top 100 Internet Sites for Learning and Employment A directory of the most useful sites providing concrete solutions to issues faced by Canadian students, people looking to change their careers, and job seekers.
Money Savvy 101 A site designed especially for young people dealing with life’s “firsts” – starting university, finding a job after graduation, getting an apartment, buying insurance, investing, etc.
Ontario College Application Services Information about Ontario’s 25 Colleges of Applied Arts & Technology, 3 Agricultural Colleges & The Michener Institute for Applied Health Sciences.
Ontario Universities Application Centre News, stats & applications.
OSAP (Ontario Student Assistance Program) General information, institution search & online services (web applications).
School Finder A resource for post-secondary studies in Canada (schools, scholarships, careers).
Student Awards: Free Scholarshop Search Service Search to find scholarships, bursaries, fellowships, grants and other awards currently available to post-secondary students studying in Canada & abroad.
Teen Consumer Scrapbook Offers solid information to help teens become better-educated consumers.
Teen Driving Offers valuable tips that will help teens improve their driving skills.
Terrace Bay Public Library Job & Career Page Your gateway to job & career resources on the Internet.
Canadian Encyclopedia Online Provides information about Canadian personalities, places, events, and achievements in English and French.
Gale Encyclopedia of Science Britannica Online includes all of the encyclopedia’s high quality articles, pictures, Books of the Year from 1993, supplemented with links to Internet sites.
UXL Encyclopedia of Science Online version of the popular World Book Encyclopedia. Includes pictures, charts, and links to magazine and newspaper articles.
Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, Transgender
International Foundation for Gender Education A leading advocate & educational organization for promoting the self-definition and free expression of individual gender identity.
Lesbian Gay Bi Youth Line Information about a phone line for youth in Ontario, Canada.
Oasis Webzine written by, about, and for queer & questioning youth.
OutProud The National Coalition for Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual & Transgender Youth.
University of Toronto Sexual Education and Peer Counselling Centre Advice & information for lesbians, gays and bisexuals.
XY The online home of XY Magazine, the world’s most popular magazine for young gay men.
Youth.gc.ca Your single access point to government related youth programs, services, and information (education, health, arts and culture, sports and recreation, environment
Service Canada: Services for Youth and Students Information on applying for a job, traveling abroad, going to school, applying for grants, and more.
Youth Connect A Government of Ontario website with information about education, recreation, health, and more.
AcneNet A comprehensive on-line acne information resource.
Coalition for Positive Sexuality Offers information teens need to take care of themselves & affirm their decisions about sex, sexuality, and reproductive control. Also facilitates dialogue.
Thunder Bay District Children’s Aid Society Provides protection services for children and youth in Durham Region.
Go Ask Alice! Columbia University’s health question & answer Internet service.
Health Canada – Childhood & Youth Web Site A centre of expertise, leadership, and coordination within the federal government and Health Canada for issues, activities, and programs concerning children and youth.
Kids Help Phone Tools for life, behind the scenes & discussion groups.
Teen Central.net Provides an online forum for teens to help other teens with the assistance of trained counseling and healthcare professionals.
TeensHealth Provides doctor-approved health information in hundreds of in-depth articles & features.
Planned Parenthood Sexuality and relationship info you can trust from Planned Parenthood Federation of America.
Young Worker Awareness Program Contains health & safety information for young workers, their parents, teachers, principals, employers and others.
A+ Research & Writing A guide for high school & college students from the Internet Public Library.
BJ Pinchbeck’s Homework Helper Created by 15-year-old Beege, this site has over 700 links to homework help sites.
Virtual Reference Library Links arranged under a variety of headings.
Youth Justice Committee offers restorative justice by bringing together youth accused of first-time, non-violent offenses, their parents, the victim(s) and victims support persons with a trained volunteer facilitator for a “community justice conference”.
Public Libraries With Young Adult Web Pages Check out the teen Web sites of libraries all over North America using this virtual YA index.
Thunder Bay Public Library – Teen Zone
Magazines & Zines
broken pencil: The Guide to Alternative Culture in Canada A look into the world of Canadian zines.
Spank! Longest running youth e.magazine.
Wave An online magazine promoting teen expression through writing.
City TV Everywhere.
CTV Programs
Epguides.com Episode Lists for 2000 TV shows. Each list contains titles and airdates; some include guest stars & plot summaries.
Internet Movie Database A database of movies searchable by title, actor, quotes, awards, etc.
Seeing Stars in Hollywood The ultimate guide to celebrities & hollywood.
tiff.kids offers children and youth the opportynity to learn about cultural perspectives from around the world through the power of the moving image.
Toronto International Film Festival Group Information about the Toronto International Film Festival & partners.
YoungCuts Info about all aspects of the worldwide movie festival for budding filmmakers,ages 1-19, held in Toronto at AMC’s hottest new multiplex.
TV Ontario Program information, discussion forums, links & more.
Zap 2 It Your Guide to What’s Onscreen – TV, Movies, Internet.
Kissthisguy.com – the archive of misheard lyrics Named after the world’s most commonly misheard lyric.
Lyrics Browse for song lyrics by artist.
Much Music Canada’s first 24-hour, all Video Music channel.
MTV News and reviews of today’s most popular artists.
Radio-Locator Links to more than 5,000 radio stations around the world. Browse by country or search by frequency, format, location, etc.
The Sibl Project The Songs Inspired by Literature project is committed to creating a more literate America and has launched an awareness and outreach campaign for adults who cannot read or write.
Ticketmaster Canada Provides sales & interactive email information for all events on sale throughout the Canadian TicketMaster Network.
Ultimate Band List A database of more than 100,000 artists and millions of links.
CBC Canada’a national news source.
Chronicle Journal Thunder Bay Newspaper
CNN Student News News for students, resources for teachers.
Globe & Mail Canadian national daily newspaper.
New York Times “All the News That’s Fit to Print”
TBTV Thunder Bay Television News
Toronto Star Canada’s largest daily newspaper.
Adflip An archive of classic print ads from the past six decades.
Bad Fads Museum Fun & fascinating fashion, collectible, activity and event fads of the last 100 years.
Cultural Profiles Project Country studies profiles from Citizenship and Immigration Canada and the University of Toronto. Each profile provides an overview of life and customs in the specified country.
Ontario Library Service Ready Reference Sources Includes almanacs, dictionaries, directories, encyclopedias, etc. designed to answer quick information queries.
Roller Coaster Database A database with information & statistics on over 650 roller coasters in North America (includes pictures).
Who’s Alive and Who’s Dead Helps you keep track of which famous people have died & which are still alive.
Search Tools & Internet Tutorials
AltaVista An extremely large search engine designed to find keywords. Check out the translation service, the multimedia search & remember to read the help screens!
Chat 101 Offers a wealth of tips to help teens maximize their enjoyment of online chats while avoiding the pitfalls.
Dogpile Simultaneously searches multiple search engines (meta-search tool).
Google An uncluttered, powerful search engine.
Librarians’ Index to the Internet A searchable, annotated subject directory of more than 9,000 Internet resources selected and evaluated by librarians for their usefulness to users of public libraries.
Yahoo! A search directory of sites organized into a thorough listing of subject headings.
Yahoo! Canada The Canadian version of Yahoo!
Self Discovery & Spirituality
Faiths & Practices A variety of religious & spiritual links from Harvard Divinity School.
Religion & Philosophy Topics From the Librarians’ Index to the Internet.
Teen Help An anonymous support site where anyone can come for help with a problem.
CBC Sports Top sports stories from Canada’s online information source.
ESPN Get the latest scores and much more from this American sports network.
Sports Illustrated Sports Illustrated deliver the U.S. & worldwide sporting goods.
The Sports Network (TSN) Canada’s latest on the sports, the shows & all kinds of extras.
Yahoo Sports Scores, top stories, expert columns & much more.
Internet Public Library Teen Space Information to help you with life, school, friends, and work. You’ll find articles written especially to help you solve problems, links to web sites you can use for homework, and a place to ask questions.
CyberTeens Creativity Allows you to post your poems, stories, essays, artwork and multimedia creations.
Teen Ink Offers the opportunity for teens to publish creative work & opinions.
Teen Voices Online Teen Voices is looking for young women to write about their experiences. Click on “want to write for Teen Voices?” for more information.
Time 100 Best
CBC 100 YA
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Waldemar Januszczak
“Within this thicket there lurks a name…” Ian Hamilton Finlay
Aftermath, Tate Britain
The postwar art on show at Tate Britain is moving, but the works by German artists will haunt
Aftermath is a word that carries a tangible emotional clout. There’s something immediately dark about it, a mood without a light switch. The Rolling Stones used it as the title of my favourite album by them, the one with Mother’s Little Helper on it, and Stupid Girl and Under My Thumb, songs with an insistently bitter edge. And now Tate Britain, in a rare success in the nomenclature department, has used it to describe the best theme show mounted there in recent years.
To be honest, I was not expecting to admire Aftermath. Not because a display with that title was bound to be dark and gluey. In my book — the book of a sentient contemporaneity — dark and gluey is always appropriate. This, though, was yet another event prompted by the centenary commemoration of the First World War and, frankly, there have been a lot of those. Ever since the red poppies flooded the grass around the Tower of London — back in 2014! — show after show has sought to find new ways to remember what Michael Gove, in his pre-Brexit education moment, described as “a uniquely horrific war”. So yes, reader, I was suffering from First World War exhibition fatigue and casually assumed everything possible on the subject had been said.
But no. What had not been dealt with was the aftermath: the disfigured faces, the amputated limbs, the deranged minds, the emotional vacuums, the blown-up towns and families, the wretched hunger for normality, the extraordinary madness that descended on ordinary places and, perhaps most tellingly, the twisted and violent transformation of sex into an act of barbarity. Here, love-making becomes hate-making. When war scrambles humanity, it does so at the core.
The second thing the show does differently is to travel beyond the boundaries of Britain to include artistic responses to the conflict in France and Germany. I have, in the past, scolded Tate Britain for appearing to loathe its national obligations to art. Ever since it became Tate Britain, it has been obvious that this tricky branch of the Tate empire was embarrassed by the whole idea of Britishness and wanted desperately to avoid it. I suppose that is what is going on here, too. In this show, Germany’s role is to be the biggest victim, not the biggest enemy.
For once, Tate Britain’s out-of-step-ness with the national mood reaps some positive results. To put it bluntly, in matters of art, the German aftermath was more plangent and powerful than our own. A war as sick and unlovely as the Great War was no place for British reserve or artistic subtlety. What was needed was a response that threw itself among the corpses and tore up the rule book. And that is what German art provided.
We begin with the war itself, and picturings of its horror by friend and foe. The previously underestimated William Orpen, whose stock has risen notably during the Great War commemorations, makes another compelling appearance with a poignant view of the trenches into which you need to stare carefully to discern the homemade grave planted among the broken trees and the orphaned helmets.
The discarded helmet turns out to have been adopted by all sides as a stand-in for the departed soldier. A vitrine of rusty headgear — German, French, British — makes the notion touchable. But the most plangent painting here is Felix Vallotton’s view of the military cemetery at Châlons-sur-Marne. It features row after row of neat crosses, and although we have seen such views before, often, the wheatfield of death never fails to pluck a heartstring.
The show then begins its intriguing meander through war’s aftermath. The first of the windings takes us on a brief tour of the memorials erected after 1918. If the Cenotaph in Whitehall had not been commissioned immediately from Edwin Lutyens, where would we have been able to prompt the collective grief of the nation every November?
However, is the very British blankness that Lutyens settled on — an abstract block of stone, with no descriptive passages on it — the best way to do these things? Or does the opposite approach of Charles Sargeant Jagger, another artist whose star has ascended in the era of the war show, give us more to be tearful about? Jagger’s gripping Royal Artillery Memorial in Hyde Park, evoked here with smaller preparatory sculptures, makes war feel like a brutal human moment, where Lutyens’s Cenotaph presents it as something theoretical and shapeless.
Until now, the show has felt informative and helpful, but not yet rousing. That changes with a thematic room devoted to Traces of War, where we are suddenly splattered with gory doses of horror. It commences with Henry Tonks, the British war artist who had trained initially as a surgeon. Tonks presents us with a set of portraits of British soldiers disfigured in the trenches. Mouths torn open. Eyes bleeding. Cheeks disappeared. It’s a harsh visual reminder of what we are really examining here: the aftermath of war.
It is also now that the German contribution starts to enlarge. (The French presence spends most of the exhibition feeling faint and added on.) Tonks recorded his torn-up faces for documentary reasons, but when German artists address these same issues of disfigurement and human damage, they barge us brusquely into the darker realms of symbolism and surrealism. Heinrich Hoerle’s Cripple Portfolio, from 1920, is a shockingly effective set of images of the sufferings, physical and mental, of blown-up German soldiers. The most haunting scene, called The Man with the Wooden Leg Dreams, shows a stumpy figure, with no arms or legs, sitting in an inappropriately elegant chair, staring with horror at a cluster of flowerpots in which a heartless crop of gesticulating fingers and toes has sprouted. Nothing in British art matches the sheer savagery of Cripple Portfolio.
From here on, the show makes evident that the complication of Germany’s postwar situation — the debt, the sense of failure, the moral disintegration, the financial imbalance, the class warfare, the preponderance of mutilated victims — was rocket fuel for great art. George Grosz, Otto Dix, Max Beckmann, Käthe Kollwitz bombard us with scary picturings of the consequences of conflict. Dix, the show’s most uncomfortable presence, comes up with images so grotesque and transgressive, even in the Middle Ages that inspired them they would have felt as if they were going too far. A one-eyed soldier with half a face steps out with a scrawny whore. The picture is titled Two Victims. A skull on a battlefield overflows with writhing maggots. Sometimes the situation calls for neither dulce nor decorum, but for something much, much darker.
Aftermath, Tate Britain, London SW1, until Sept 23
« Thomas Cole and Ed Ruscha, National Gallery; Christo’s Mastaba, Serpentine
Frieze Sculpture 2018, Regent’s Park »
The best of the decade
Hogarth: Place and Progress
Theaster Gates, Tate Liverpool
Cars: Accelerating the Modern World, V&A, London
Anselm Kiefer, White Cube, London; Ged Quinn, Stephen Friedman Gallery, London
© 2020 / articles feed
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WHAT Staff
Well Festival of Arts & Wellbeing
For health service users
Art Kart
Artist on Call
Iontas arts and mental health programme
For healthcare staff
For the arts and health sector
what@hse.ie 051 842 664
Staff Art Wall: Adrian Crellin
By Waterford Healing Arts
Rock Face – exhibition on view until December
Featuring an eclectic collection of hag stones found on beach walks in County Waterford, Rock Face by Adrian Crellin is on display on the Staff Art Wall at University Hospital Waterford (UHW) and continues until 20 December.
Hag stones are rocks that contain naturally occurring holes. They are said to be spiritual, a gateway to the fairy world, and are sometimes used to ward off evil spirits or prevent nightmares. They have also been used in fertility spells, to ward off ghosts or to protect livestock and property.
Adrian Crellin is a Clinical Nurse Manager on Medical Ward 4. His collection of photographs from the Isle of Man was exhibited on the Staff Art Wall at UHW in 2016. With this new exhibition, Adrian explains “I wanted to do something different, which was both a bit of fun and quirky, but also to let people use their imagination. I have given each picture a different name as to what I see, but the question I ask is ‘What does your inner child see?’”
Waterford Healing Arts Trust, University Hospital Waterford, Dunmore Road, Waterford. Tel. 051-842664. Email: WHAT@hse.ie
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food clipart pancake images
face clipart cowboy images
beam drawing engineering images
masjid drawing doodle images
olaf clipart snowman poop images
Gavin Creel
Tony has awarded nominee to Gavin Creel as well as their co-stars from national tour of Tony Award-winning that has now hit Book of Mormon which will be the part of the talkback along with the students of 2nd City Theatre during the month on 22ndOct. in Toronto. However, Creel also would be joined by the Chris O'Neil, also Peter Mitchell as well as Stanley Wayne Mathis that will also sit down at the intimate session of Q&A with the students at Second City of the Training Center. The Ashley Botting would also moderate 5 PM at the discussion.
However Creel, the Tony Award nominee especially for the Hair & completely at Modern Millie, the stars as the Elder Price during the national or the country tour of Book of the Mormon. Moreover, he also launched tour in the year 2012 and also later reprised their performance during the production of London of hit.
Moreover, "South Park" also creators and the writers also Trey Parker as well as Matt Stone, & Tony-winning at the Avenue Q of the songwriter at the Robert Lopez which is also collaborated on script as well as score to musical, that earned the Awards of Tony for the Best Book, Best Musical and even Best Score.
It is well Co-directed by the Parker as well as Casey Nicholaw, Book of the Mormon that has opened to the most critical acclaim during the March 24, 2011, along with theater of Eugene O'Neill. Both of them also earned the Tony Awards for the work as well as they even repeat the duties for this specific tour.
However, Book of the Mormon has also set the design by the Scott Pask that is the costume design by the Ann Roth however lighting the design through Brian MacDevitt as well as sound design through Brian Ronan. Moreover, Orchestrations are through the Larry Hochman as well as Stephen Oremus. The Music direction & even the vocal arrangements by Oremus.
Photo 1: Gavin Creel
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Oct FEB Mar
10 Apr 2015 - 28 Feb 2017
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Kieran's Review
A few thoughts after the “Reclaim Australia” rally and counter-rally
April 7, 2015 Actions, Racism 9 Comments
Photo from Perth counter rally, stolen from @zebparkes, zebedeeparkes.com.
I can’t be arsed putting together anything intelligent on “Reclaim Australia”, but there are a couple of brief comments I wanted to make.
1. Islam is not a race – and you are still a racist!
A message to the “reclaimers”: you are a pack of utter racists. You might think you’re being really clever with the whole “Islam is not a race” line, well it’s time for a sixty-five year old news flash: there is no such thing as biological ‘race’.
The category of ‘race’ is socially constructed; it is the product of a system of domination. ‘Race’ is constructed in order to define the out group. The creation and maintenance of a social system of domination and oppression that targets this outgroup is racism.
It doesn’t really matter if you are building a system of oppression that defines the outgroup by religion rather than skin colour, the essential element of racism is the construction of a system of oppression that targets an entire segment of the working class for villification and discrimination. Religion or skin colour, the dynamic is the same; “Reclaim Australia” is a racist project.
It is worth noting that without a relationship of power and domination, someone using a racial slur is not being racist, merely rude. The indigenous teenager who calls you a white c-nt is not creating or maintaining a hierachy of which you are the victim, she’s just being coarse (and in view of history, understandably so).
Related: Theodore W. Allen’s “The Invention of the White Race”, a presentation by Jeffrey Perry.
The sad fact is that the vast majority of Australians still think biological race exists. The majority now think it is bad to discriminate on the basis of race, but if race really does exist (in the world of “commonsense”) and “religion is not a race”, then the likes of Pauline Hanson and Shermon Burgess can continue claiming they’ve escaped being racists on a technicality.
Islamophobic racism is hardly the exclusive preserve of working class fascists like Shermon Burgess. The real work in constructing Islam as the “other” has been done by the state. The raft of “anti-terror” legislation, public propaganda, and fear mongering rhetoric that has emmanated from the top of the political hierachy has created the space in which fascists like Shermon Burgess are now operating.
See also: First Dog on the Moon, ‘A racist carrot reclaims Australia’, The Guardian.
2. If you equate abusing racists with racism you are a f-cking muppet
In the aftermath of the “Reclaim Australia” rallies it’s been pretty clear that the “I’m not racist but…” crowd aren’t the only ones who haven’t got the faintest idea of what actually constitutes racism. Take this choice quote is from Brad Chilcott, director of Welcome to Australia, in The Guardian yesterday:
Fighting hatred with hatred at Reclaim Australia rallies is a failure of progressive politics
What’s less obvious is what “progressives” were hoping to achieve this Easter by opposing naked hatred and foul abuse with public expressions of the same hatred and abuse.
If the counter demonstrations in Melbourne were nothing more than “public expressions of the same hatred and abuse”1 as “Reclaim Australia”, then racism is little more than foul language and a bad attitude.
To the likes of Chilcott racism is simply a vulgar attitude held in sections of the working class. His is the kind of analysis that assumes public policy in Australia is so racist because the Australian working class is so racist, our political leaders have not created racism, merely pandered to it and failed to “show leadership”. His role as a liberal anti-racist is to promote “diversity, compassion, generosity”2 amongst those unenlightened working class types. When that is your analysis, of course getting in the streets and shouting at racists is as bad as racism itself.
Chilcott is utterly wrong, he confuses the symptoms of racism with racism itself. “Hatred” and “foul abuse” are not racism itself, they are public expressions of racism. The public expression of racism creates, re-creates and reinforces the system of racism, but the system itself is more than this. Racism is a social structure of domination: one part of the working class is segmented off from the whole and subjected to greater oppression; the remainder of the class are co-opted into the process of racist oppression and are bought off with a position of relative privilege.
If you cannot criticise the structure of racism, and the system that creates and re-creates it, how can you attack racism? Obviously you can’t; if you cannot see the problem you cannot be effective in combatting it (except by pure chance). Chilcott is worse than ineffective, in failing to see what racism is he reacts against forces that actually have the potential to combat racism.
3. “Reclaim Australia” is fascist
Let’s call a spade a spade. “Reclaim Australia” is fascist, and I am not saying that simply because it has drawn the participation of an array of far right and overtly neo-Nazi supporters.
Fascism “is as a particular form of mass movement, possessing a core set of ideas, and in which the ideology and movement interact. … [It is] a specific form of reactionary mass movement” which is “racist, nationalist, and militarist”3. “Reclaim Australia” fits the fascist bill on all counts:
racist, in it’s demonisation and attacks on muslims and Islam, and its attempts to construct muslims as an other counterposed to “Australia” and “Australians”;
nationalist, with it’s overt flag-draped appeals to “Aussie pride”, continual talk of ‘patriotism’, and the casting of its campaign as ‘Islam vs Australia’;
militarist, in its continual appeals to the ANZAC myth, valorisation of the ADF, etc. It was telling at Melbourne rally just how many of the assembled bigots claimed they had “fought them” (meaning Muslims) “over there” (meaning in the invasions and occupations of Iraq and Afganistan).
The organisers of the “Reclaim Australia” rallies certainly intended them to be the launching point for a far right movement. The anti-Islam conspiracy theories of “Reclaim Australia” are its core set of ideas, and I think we are seeing an interaction between the people gathering around the “Reclaim Australia” banner and these ideas.
Further Reading: Dave Renton, Fascism: Theory and Practice.
4. Racism and fascism have a public space agenda
Public space matters, and a heck of a lot of societal control and power is bound up in who is allowed in public space, how they are legally or societally required to act, dress, and so on. Fascism seeks to dominate public spaces and to drive opponents, targetted groups, and rival politics out of public space.
This is a half developed thought on my part, but a sizeable chunk of the historical experience of racism seems bound up in public space. Segregation for example, whether in Australia or the United States, had a heck of a lot to do with who was allowed where in public, and how they were required to act.
A good deal of a lot of the “Reclaim Australia” rhetoric is also basically about public space. Outlawing “the Burqa or any variant thereof”4 is essentially an attempt to control how people look in public. The conspiratorial rubbish around halal certification boils down to an attempt to determine what can or can’t appear on the packaging of goods sold in public.
Public rallies by racists and fascists are attempts to control or change who feels safe and comfortable in public space. At present (thankfully) it is socially unacceptable (mostly) to make overt statements of outright racism publically; the public expression of racism often results in some form of social sanction. The far right is attempting to reverse this situation. By rallying in public they are seeking to embolden racists, and bring racism directly into public space. The results of this will be reaped in a increased harvest of racist abuse and attacks directed at muslims.
More than anything else, the public space agenda of racism and fascism is the reason racism must be fought directly and in public, not behind closed doors on some farm in the hills.
A vocal and determined counter-rally is both a general rejection of racism, and a direct action to disrupt a specific attempt by racists to build an overtly racist movement in the public sphere.
Bringing all this crap together… The last time the so-called “Australian Defense League” tried to have a rally in Melbourne thirty people attended. Four years later and with four months of preparation (and a significant rebranding), the far right managed to assemble a few hundred in Melbourne and Sydney, and concerningly large numbers in Brisbane, the Gold Coast and Perth. They are seeking to build a far right movement on a base of anti-Muslim racism, and their rallies are clear attempts to embolden racists, intimidate Muslims, and build a milleu in which the far right can recruit and propagandize. The qualms of liberal anti-racists and social democrats should be dismissed, because when fascists rally on the streets they need to be smashed back into the sewers they rose out of.
Earlier Post: #Reclaimwhat and being stalked online, 28 March 2015.
Welcome to Australia ‘About’.
Renton, D. 1999. Fascism: Theory and Practice. Pluto Press. pp 3-19.
Source is their god-awful website, which I refuse to link to. Check out Slackbastard instead.
#noroomforracism, #notyourstoreclaim, Reclaim Australia
John Josef Zahrt • April 7, 2015 at 7:16 pm
Thats a fantastic breakdown. I was hoping you or Andy would address Brad Chilcott. Thanks and keep writing.
kieran • April 7, 2015 at 11:15 pm
Thanks John. Chilcott’s derp is the kind of stuff that oft comes packed with calls to respect fascists’ ‘right’ to ‘freedom of speech’. Bugger that!
Jonathan Sherlock • April 8, 2015 at 1:02 am
This is much more than half-formed thoughts, it is an excellent analysis. You have articulated my thoughts in detail, thank you.
Jules • April 8, 2015 at 1:04 am
and your comment Bugger that, shows what a bigot you are and you cant be arsed putting together comments – mmmmm what a little treasure you are
kieran • April 8, 2015 at 1:11 am
I really wish you people would learn how to use sentences.
goanna • April 8, 2015 at 9:10 am
I really think it is time people just let others have their say and not try to deny people that right. Time to stop lashing out and abusing people for expressing what is bothering them.
Yeah, no. Campaigns of racism must always be shut down.
Tony B • April 10, 2015 at 12:02 am
The problem is of high rates of immigration, and the feeling of not of loss of “race” but Australia’s living standards, and identity. Islam is not a “race” and it’s not merely another religion. What’s hidden is that Islam is a way of life, and thinking. It’s got legal, political, social, and military aspects that are threatening on a global scale and there’s lack of integration with the values of freedom in Western countries. Why should Australia accommodate every race, culture and all the world’s diversity, when our human carrying capacity is already being impinged on and threatened? There should be more emphasis on sustainability – environmentally, economically and socially. Each nation should have a right to determine their own identity, demographics and values. Australia does not have to be the melting pot of the world!
ablokeimet • April 11, 2015 at 2:06 pm
Kieran has said many valuable things in his article. I’d like to make a few comments:
1. Kieran is spot on about racism being a system of power. Racial prejudice has been around since the dawn of class society, but racism has only existed since capitalism arose.
Capitalism carries within it a basis presumption of equality, the idea that “my money’s as good as yours”. To the rising agricultural capitalist class of England in the 17th Century, the end of feudal privileges and arbitrary restraints on trade like the sale of monopolies were very attractive. At the same time, though, the “primitive accumulation” through which capitalism became the dominant mode of production in England was financed off the back of black slavery and the sugar plantations of the West Indies.
This contradiction can only be managed by setting the subject population up as “the other”, to be despised and, upon occasion, feared, but in any case to be excluded from the great social contract of “liberty, equality and fraternity” which was becoming the new ideology. Before the rise of capitalism, it was taken for granted that people weren’t equal – there were all sorts of grades and privileges in society and people were almost always born into them. It was only with the rise of capitalism, therefore, that it became necessary to hate one’s inferiors.
Racism and racial prejudice are related, in that it is impossible to have racism without racial prejudice – though the beneficiaries of racism are not necessarily, and often are not, the people exhibiting their prejudices. Thus, the mining magnate benefits from racism, despite being impeccably polite and filling their Peppermint Grove mansion with Aboriginal dot paintings, while the foul-mouthed unemployed skinhead slagging off Aborigines for being drunken layabouts has nothing to show for it but a group to look down on.
Finally, as Kieran points out, the racial prejudice of racially oppressed groups is not “racist” in the same sense as the racial prejudice of oppressor groups. It’s not helpful, in that it is a barrier to the formation of the solidarity in struggle of the multi-racial working class, but it’s not an expression or manifestation of oppression and it’s nowhere near as much a barrier as the racial prejudice of working class members of the oppressor group.
2. As Kieran says, the major actors in propagating racism in Australia are the principal figures in the State. Governments are much bigger and more effective propagandists for Islamophobia than the Fascists, who at this stage of the game are only bit players. Anti-Fascist work necessarily involves fighting racism and this means, first of all, fighting the racism that is embodied in official policy.
3. One point on which I differ from Kieran is on muppets. I think Kermit, Miss Piggy and Ernie are all much superior in intelligence and common sense than the Brad Chilcotts of this world. And they’re probably much better with children, too.
4. A more serious criticism of Kieran’s piece is my response to this:
“the remainder of the class are co-opted into the process of racist oppression and are bought off with a position of relative privilege.”
Firstly, not all of the remainder of the working class are co-opted. There is restiance and adherence to countervailing ideas. Co-option of the working class sections of the oppressor “race” is a project, in continuous need of re-creation, rather than an accomplished fact and only ever partially achieved.
Secondly, the term “bought off” is misleading. It over-states both the fixity and the consciousness of the phenomenon in the minds of working class racists, while it also conjures up the idea that the main “privileges” for racist workers are material. In fact, the “relative privilege” in material terms is so transparently illusory that the appeal of racism for workers has to be sought elsewhere. One of my favourite examples to cite when the topic of racism comes up is the chapter of a book I saw years ago*, which set out the difference between wages for white workers and wages for black workers in different States of the US. The striking correlation which emerged was that the States where the difference between white wages and black wages was greatest were the States where the wages for white workers were lowest. You could hardly ask for a better demonstration that working class racists lose out from their own racism – what white workers in the US gain in relative privilege over black workers they more than lose through their inability to forge the solidarity needed to defend their own living standards against their bosses.
5. Kieran is definitely correct in labelling Reclaim Australia as Fascist. The organisers are well established Fascists and the Reclaim Australia strategy is, in their own words, an “undercover op” through which they hope to gain an audience for their ideas.
On the other hand, the dot points about Fascism being racist, nationalist and militarist are insufficient. Tony Abbott is all of these, but he’s no Fascist. The defining feature of Fascism, the one that separates it from Right wing populism, is what Kieran touches on in the next section – violence. Fascism is a mass movement which aims to gain State power by, or with the aid of, extra-legal violence, crushing the organisations of the working class in the process and proceeding to rule by terror.
It is the unique nature of Fascism that calls for unique methods of struggle. Unlike a Right wing populist group (e.g. One Nation), a Fascist group is not a debating society. Rather, it is a standing conspiracy to murder. As such, the principles that apply are not those of free speech and political protest, but the use of reasonable force in self defence.
Social democrats and liberals talk a lot about free speech – in fact, I think they might value it almost as much as I do. An argument they make, and with which I agree, is that you can’t prove an argument with physical force. What they miss, however, is that there is one political ideology which can be DIS-proved by physical force – Fascism. This is because an essential part of Fascism’s political appeal is the idea that “might makes right”. Defeating the Fascists when they mobilise, however, undermines their position fatally. This is because, if “might makes right”, and you’ve been proven not to have the might, you can’t be right. On the other hand, if a Fascist tries to get out of that bind by abandoning the principle of “might makes right’, the entire ideology starts to unravel and they’re on the road back to populism. Either way, a defeat on the streets for the Fascists causes them to fall away in confusion, dissension and bitter recriminations.
Finally, I’d like to agree with Kieran’s final line. The Fascists need to be driven back into the sewers from which they came. And, when workers’ revolution overthrows capitalism, we’ll flush those sewers clean.
* As is the way of things with me, I often don’t realise the significance of what I’m reading till later, when I’ve forgotten the title and author and no longer have access to the text.
Kieran’s Review
A blog by Kieran Bennett. Writing on politics, society, and whatever else takes my fancy, from an anarchist perspective.
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In defense of the "Apex gang"
Parkville: I'd riot too
Thoughts on Anarcho Syndicalism in Australia
Who are the Soldiers of Odin?
Police in Ballarat beat and tortured Yvonne Berry
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All Abilities Football Information
ALL ABILITIES FOOTBALL FOOTBALL INFORMATION
At St Ives Football Club we have had a All Abilities Football program running since 2004. Founded by David Howard (a past President of the club) we consider this a very important program that extends the opportunity to engage in football to the Special Needs community.
A YouTube clip on the progam presented by David can be found by clicking here
The program is aimed at those children with intellectual disabilities with autistic spectrum disorder and down syndrome and provides a supported and fun environment in which the children can participate.
A set of rules has been developed to provide one-on-one guidance to the participants as they play. Each player will be allowed to have a chaperone on the field to assist and direct the player. It is hoped that once familiar with the play the player will become less dependent on the chaperone until able to play independently.
Games are played on Saturday afternoons between 1pm and 2pm at Toolang Oval, St Ives. For 2017 the season starts on Saturday 1th April and runs through until Saturday 19th August.
Cost of participation is $55 which is set to cover overheads only.
We are more than happy for your child to come along and try an afternoon before committing to the whole season.
If you would like to register to play please do so at our website www.stivesfootball.com.au. (Please choose "Special Needs" as the age group.)
More information can be found by clicking the icon to the right ....
If you have any questions please do not hesitate to contact the Special Needs Football Co-Ordinator Rob Fry at rmfry2@bigpond.com or our President Penny Howell at president@stivesfootball.com.au
We look forward to seeing you on the playing field !
Registration for Special Needs can occur at any time as there are no formal team structures. Although some conditions do not pre-dispose players to greater risk of physical harm than mainstream players, certain conditions may present physical issues eg down syndrome can be associated with skeletal problems.
As it is not possible for the club to diagnose a child's individual condition, parents confirm that they know of no medical issues at the time of registration.
Participants/Players
o Players shall be children with autism spectrum disorder or down syndrome disability aged between 4 years six months and 13
o Players require parental/guardian approval and when registering the parent/guardian confirms there is no medical conditions that would prevent the child playing.
o Parents/guardians are required to confirm that they know of no physical condition that would prevent the child playing as well as undertaking to inform the club should they become aware of such condition.
Rules and Codes of Conduct for Special Needs Football
The Outreach football program is designed to have children enjoy themselves, participate and enjoy the benefits of participating in a team sport environment. The program will parallel or simulate a match played between two junior teams. Following are rules specific for outreach football. Where these rules are silent, the approved Nortern Suburbs Football Association (NSFA) rules for U6 and U7 teams shall apply.
Player: a child participating in the program
Chaperone: a person who shall accompany a player whilst on the field to assist and support the child.
Coach: a person on the field supervising the match holding either
A) Level 1 qualified soccer coach or appropriate higher qualification or
B) Australian Sports Commission Disability Education Program "Inclusive Coaching" or higher qualification
Program Coordinator: a person at the ground observing and overseeing coaches at the grounds holding both
o Processes shall be in place to ensure that each match is assigned a Program Coordinator
o Grounds are to be checked prior to commencement of any game
Safety Gear/Uniforms
o All Players are requried to wear shinpads
o All players will be encouraged to wear a full team kit or other uniform to identify teams
o Each player will be allowed a maximum of one chaperone on the field at any one time
o Chaperones are to passively participate. In particular they are not to impede or hinder other players
Parent/Guardian/spectators
o At least one parent/guardian must be at the ground with the child. This may be either as a spectator or chaperone.
o All spectators are to adhere to the NSFA code of conduct
o Must not intrude on the field except at the direction of the referee or coach.
Game Day Rules
Duration of Sessions/games
o Two twenty minute halves with 5 minutes break.
o Team size may vary
o A maximum of 6 players allowed on the field at one time
o There is no limit on the number of reserves or how often replacements may take the field
o Players should be directed from the field if aggression is displayed, no other penalties will be attached to a players action
o Chaperones may incur penalties for breaching guidelines, in keeping with the spirit of fun these can include such things as bringing oranges next week, washing team uniforms etc
o Similar to U6-U7 junior soccer except a chaperone will be allowed on the field.
o A chaperone may lead, instruct or otherwise encourage the player they are chaperoning
o A chaperone must not impede or hinder other players from taking or retaining possession of the ball
o A chaperone will be allowed to stop the ball but not propel the ball.
o The chaperone may only stop the ball when within contact of their player eg holding hands.
o The chaperone may not stop the ball in the goal area particularly they must not act to prevent a goal.
o The coach may at their discretion direct a throw-in to a particular player (eg one who has had little contact with the ball).
o The coach may, at their discretion, ask other players and chaperones to "hold back" whilst an individual player is given the opportunity to make contact with the ball.
o The coach may, at their discretion, halt play to give instruction, guidance or assistance to any player.
o The coach may call "play on" at any time even though the preceding action was not in keeping with the current U6-U7 rules. In particular, this will be encouraged where a throw-in or place kick hasn't precisely met requirements.
o Throw-ins can be taken by chaperones.
o No heading of the ball
Limiting Players of Greater Ability
Where a player displays a dominance of the game to the extent that it prevents others making contact with the ball that player may be limited at the discretion of the coach. Limiting can take the form of
o Allowing the coach or other suitable adult to propel the ball away from the player or the goal
o Limiting the player to one half of the field for a given period
o Other suitable actions as determined by the coach/referee.
SIFC Events
Term 1 skills Training (age as of 1/1/2020) Starts 11/2/2020 - Toolang / Warrimoo oval (this is not for children already in Development teams)
4 - 10 years - Tuesday 5-6pm
January Holiday Football Clinic - 20th - 22nd - open for registration now
U7 Development Trials - 8/2/20
Own your own shirt for 2020 season
Goal-keeper training - starts Tuesday 5th May
JUNIOR DEVELOPMENT
Search St Ives Football Club
Copyright 2016. All rights reserved MyClubMate
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Stellastarr*-Stellastarr* (RCA)
1. In The Walls
2. Jenny
3. A Million Reasons
4. My Coco
5. No Weather
6. Moongirl
7. Somewhere Across Forever
8. Homeland
9. Untitled
10. Pulp Song
Listening to the music on the self-titled, full-length debut of New York City's Stellastarr*, one can't help but think of Joy Division or old New Order. There are the similarities in the guitar playing of Michael Jurin with Joy Division's/New Order's Bernard Sumner. Or the upfront bass of Amanda Tannen and drums of Arthur Kremer, quite reminiscent of Peter Hook and Stephen Morris, respectively. And vocally, lead singer Shawn Christensen, whose vocals range from straightforward to shrieking, often within the same song, can remind the listener at times of Joy Division's nihilistic Ian Curtis.
But what sets this group apart from the bands mentioned above are the backing vocals of Tannen. Also sounding quite early-80's influenced, Tannen's vocals work quite well with Christensen's. Nowhere on this disc does this combination work better than on "Somewhere Across Forever," where their voices are used to great affect on the choruses, not to mention some lovely harmonies. The punkish "Pulp Song" sees Christensen varying his vocals, including screaming at the end of the track while Tannen maintains a consistent backing vocal throughout which oddly works quite well. On "Homeland," Christensen sings quite impressively on the choruses while Tannen hangs a dreamy vocal over top of it. And her "ohs" and "ahs" on the opening track, "In The Walls," are the only thing that keeps it from sounding like a long-lost Joy Division number.
Shifting gears, there's the atmospheric "Moongirl," which save for a few lines of mostly distorted vocals, is otherwise instrumental and gives a chance for the band to shine at their respective instruments including some interesting guitar effects.
Then there is the acoustic ballad "Untitled," which also breaks with the 80's feel. Kremer shines on this track, but as a keyboardist, not a drummer. The song opens with acoustic guitar and some spacey keyboards and the middle of the track even sees Kremer supplying an organ solo. Quite a nice track, and quite different from anything else on this disc.
If you're a fan of older New Order or Joy Division, or early 80's modern rock in general, you should find this disc quite enjoyable. While there's nothing particularly groundbreaking here, it still makes for a good listen.
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Home » Articles » Morgan Freeman Wife, Divorce, Young and Dead
Morgan Freeman Wife, Divorce, Young and Dead
Jeanette Adair Bradshaw(div), Myrna Colley-Lee(div)
Yes(twice)
$150 Million Dollars
Alfonso Freeman, Saifoulaye Freeman, Deena Freeman, Morgana Freeman
Morgan Freeman is professionally known as American actor, film director and narrator. He has received lots of success in his life through his effort and progress. He was born on 1937 so his age is now 77 years old and he stills looks fit and fine as well as young. He celebrates his birthday on June 1 with full of fun and enjoyment. His horoscope is Pisces and he is of emotional, kind and loving person. He loves everyone and he has number of fans.
Morgan was born in the pleasant place Memphis, Tennessee USA he belongs to American nationality and his ethnicity is Black. He has spent his childhood with his family he is from good family background with his father and mother. He love his parents a lot he is son of Mayme Edna a teacher and Morgan Poterfied Freeman a barber who dead on April 27, 1981. He also has three other siblings and according to his DNA he is from Niger ancestry. Now he is what it is all due to his parents and his parents feel proud to find son like him. As he doesn’t has father but his mother give him everything what a children need.
Morgan has too much interest in acting as well as acting he also give time to education he has attend many schools and college. He has studied about acting, drama and many things about. He has attended Broad Street High School and he made his acting debut in this school when he was nine years old. At 12 years old he won drama completion in broad street high school and later he was graduated from that school and get scholarship of drama in Jackson State University and later he moved to Los Angles and took classes of dancing, acting. He has received honors of degree from his school he has learn many things about acting. He was also signed as creative artist agency and he has involved in many theatre work from which he received many award and he was adapted for screen. He has moved towards his career through his skills and talent.
James has paly his first acting role in 1971 who says I can’t ride a rainbow? He became first American media through his roles on the soap opera another word and PBS kids show. Slowly he has play in many movies and shows and he is known for his role as Street smart, driving miss daisy, invites from which he won the best supporting actor award. He also won Golden Globe award and screen guild award for his unforgiving, glory, robin hood, seven, deep, along came a spider. He has also played in many new movies and also cast in the electric company as well as he has received success and awards for his hard performance.
Looking at her personal life his married and divorce list as he is successful person anyone like to be his life partner or his wife. He has married with Adair Bradshaw but they divorce and again he married with Myrna Colley Lee but they again divorce but they has adopted one daughter and he is bless by his daughter. Again he has announced his new wife but they again divorce. We can see lots of pictures of him with his ex-wife’s and his hand
There is no doubt on his success; he is the man with name, fame and money. According to site celebrity net worth his net worth is estimated around $100 million. He was also rumored about his sexual orientation that he is gay but it is not true. The actor stands tall with his great height 6 feet 2 inches and his fan can follow him on wiki and twitter where we can find his whole biography.
Richard Gere Young, Gay, Married, Wife, Divorce and Net Worth
He is a very hard working and talented. He is popular all over
Tamera Mowry Married, Husband and Pregnant
Among the twins, Tamera is more private type. The twins someti
Iyanla Vanzant Daughter, Children, Married and Divorce
Talented television personality, TV anchor and inspirational s
Mitchel Musso Gay, Shirtless and Pictures
Very handsome Mitchel Tate Musso is professionally known as Mi
Aml Ameen Girlfriend, Dating, Gay and Shirtless
Tall dark and handsome Aml Eysan Ameen “Aml Ameen” is acto
Jonathan Cheban Gay, Girlfriend and Wiki
Founder and former CEO Commander, Jonathan Cheban was born in
Mika Brzezinski Husband, Married and Divorce
Mika Brzezinski, popular co-host and TV journalist is successf
Dylan Neal Gay, Married, Wife, Divorce and Children
Dylan Neil is a Canadian actor who was born on the 8th of Octo
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Recognizing the Rights of Nature and the Living Forest
"Liberty cannot be guaranteed by law.
Nor by anything else except the resolution
of free citizens to defend their liberties."
"If you refuse to pay unjust taxes,
your property will be confiscated.
If you defend your property,
you will be arrested.
If you resist arrest,
you will be clubbed.
If you defend yourself against clubbing,
you will be shot dead."
Abbey's Road
Creeping Corporatization of National Parks
Awaking as usual sometime before the dawn, frost on my beard and sleeping bag, I see four powerful lights standing in a vertical row on the eastern sky.
Saturn, Jupiter, Mars, and, pale crescent on a darkened disc, the old moon.
The three great planets appear to be rising from the cusps of the moon.
I stare for a long time at this strange, startling apparition, a spectacle I have never before seen in all my years on planet Earth.
If ever I have seen a portent in the sky this must be it.
Spirit both forms and informs the universe, agreed the New England transcendentalists, of whom Henry David Thoreau was one.
All Nature is but symbolic of a greater spiritual reality beyond, and within.
Watching the planets, I stumble about the campfire, breaking twigs, filling the coffeepot.
I dip water out of buckets in this world; the water chills my hands.
I stare long at the beautiful dimming lights in the sky and find there no meaning other than intrinsic beauty.
"Reality is fabulous," said Henry David Thoreau; "be it life or death, we crave nothing but Reality."
The forest spread below us in summer in seventeen different shades of green.
There were yellow pine and pinon pine, blue spruce and Engelmann spruce, white fir and Douglas fir, quaking aspen, New Mexican locust, alligator juniper, and four kinds of oak.
Banjo Duel
Along the rimrock of the escarpment, where warm air rose from the canyons beneath, grew manzanita, agave, sotol, and several species of cactus - prickly pear, pincushion, fishhook.
Far down in the canyons, where water flowed, though not always on the surface, we could see sycamore, alder, cottonwood, walnut, hackberry, wild cherry, and wild grape.
The naming of things is a useful mnemonic device, enabling us to distinguish and utilize and remember what otherwise might remain an undifferentiated sensory blur, but names do not tell us much of character, essence, meaning.
Albert Einstein thought that the most mysterious aspect of the universe is what he called its "comprehensibility".
To me the most mysterious thing about the universe is not its comprehensibility but the fact that it exists.
And the same mystery attaches to everything within it.
The Earth is permeated through and through by mystery.
Modern science and technology have given us the social engineering techniques to measure, analyze, and take apart the immediate neighborhood, including the neighbors.
But this knowledge adds not much to our understanding of things.
"Knowledge is power," said Francis Bacon, great-great-grandfather of the nuclear age.
Power does not lead to wisdom, even less to understanding.
Sympathy, compassion, physical contact - touching - are better means to so fine an end.
I believe in nothing that I cannot touch, kiss, embrace - whether a woman, a child, a rock, a tree, a bear, a shaggy dog.
The rest is hearsay.
If there is a heaven, an ideal realm beyond space and time, it must contain the hermit thrush.
Otherwise, what good is it?
And there must be trees too, of course.
And mountains.
And a sun that sets each evening and rises each morning.
And winding through the woods, a trail with pine needles, stones, oak leaves, fresh bear shit.
We lie in the sunshine, on the warm grass, and stare at the mountains, the endless snow-covered mountains, range after range, standing beyond the dark forest.
The glaciers wink and glitter, running with streams of melted ice.
Flowers and ice, sunlight and snow.
On this bright afternoon, in a field of flowers, Alaska seems to me a cold and somber land.
After thirty-four years in the American Southwest, after too much time spent dawdling about in places like Grand Canyon, Death Valley, the Maze, the Superstition Mountains, the San Rafael Reef and the Waterpocket Fold, the San Juan Mountains and the Gran Desierto, Baja California, Glen Canyon and the Dirty Devil River, Desolation Canyon and the Pariah River, the Book Cliffs and the Kaiparowits Plateau and Big Bend and White Sands, the Red Desert and Black Rock and Barranca del Cobre, Factory Butte and Monument Valley, Slickhorn Gulch, Buckskin Gulch, Thieves' Mountain, Montezuma's Head, Cabeza de Prieta, Cabezon, Telluride and Lone Pine and the Smoke Creek Desert, Moab and Upheaval Dome, White Rim and Druid Arch - to name but a few - and seeing the full moon rise over the 13,000-foot peaks of Sierra La Sal, while the setting sun turns watermelon pink a 2,000-foot vertical wall of sandstone in the foreground, then - and I'll admit I'm spoiled - then by comparison Alaska seems, well, sort of . . . banal.
My theory is that a vigorous, free, outdoors life is good for humans.
It fills them with cheer and high spirits, leading to health and a long life.
Despite the claims of medical technicians such as Dr. Lewis Thomas, official spokesman for the cancer industry, it is not more and newer drugs we need, not better living through chemotherapy, but rather clean air.
Clean water.
Good fresh real food. And plenty of self-directed physical activity.
Medical science has succeeded in reducing infant mortality rates, thus creating the catastrophe of overpopulation, but it has not - despite medical myth - lengthened the normal life span.
"Three score years and ten," now as in biblical times, remains the norm.
And in fact the longest lived humans on Earth are the primitive peasants of places like Ecuador, the Caucasus Mountains, Afghanistan.
Certainly not the inhabitants of Dr. Lewis Thomas's Sloan-Kettering Memorial Hospital in New York City.
We emerge from one nightmare only to find another threatening to engulf us: the technological superstate, densely populated, centrally controlled, nuclear-powered, computer-directed, firmly and thoroughly policed.
Call it the Anthill State, the Beehive Society, a technocratic despotism - perhaps benevolent, perhaps not, but in either case the enemy of personal liberty, family independence, and community sovereignty, shutting off for a long time to come the freedom to choose among alternate ways of living.
The domination of nature made possible by misapplied science leads to the domination of humans; to a dreary and totalitarian uniformity.
That which today calls itself science gives us more and more information, an indigestible glut of information, and less and less understanding.
Thoreau knew of this tendency and foresaw its fatal consequences.
A frantic busyness ("business") pervades America wherever we look - in city and country, among young and old and middle-aged, married and unmarried, all races, classes, sexes, in work and play, in religion, the arts and the sciences.
We hear the demand by conventional economists for increased "productivity".
Productivity of what?
For whose benefit?
To what end?
By what means and at what cost?
Those questions are not considered.
We are belabored by the insistence on the part of our politicians, businessmen and military leaders, and the claque of scriveners who serve them, that "growth" and "power" are intrinsically good, of which we can never have enough, or even too much. As if gigantism were an end in itself.
The chief reason so many people are fleeing the cities at every opportunity to go camping, canoeing, skiing in the wilds is that wilderness offers a taste of adventure, a chance for the rediscovery of our ancient, pre-agricultural, pre-industrial freedom.
Forest and desert, mountain and this world, when ventured upon in primitive terms, allow us a sort of Proustian recapture, however superficial and brief, of the rich sensations of our former existence, our basic heritage of a million years of hunting, gathering, wandering.
This elemental impulse still survives in our blood, nerves, dreams, and desires, suppressed but not destroyed by the mere five thousand years of agricultural serfdom, a mere two hundred years of industrial peonage, which culture has attempted to impose on what evolution designed as a feeling, thinking, freedom loving animal.
I say culture, not civilization; civilization remains the ideal, an integrated realization of our intellectual, emotional, and physical gifts which humankind as a whole has nowhere yet attained.
The modern urban-industrial world - like the feudal world - offers adventure and freedom to a certain elite, the aristocracy of our time: to the rich, the star athlete, the superstar entertainer, the techno-warrior, the artist arrivi, the successful politician, a few others.
Most, the overwhelming majority, seem condemned to the role of spectators, servitors, dependent consumers.
One exception remains to the iron rule of oligarchy.
At least in America one relic of our ancient and rightful liberty has survived.
And that is - a walk into the woods; a journey on foot into the uninhabited interior; a voyage down the river of no return.
Hunters, fishermen, hikers, climbers, white-water boatmen, red-rock explorers know what I mean.
In America at least this category of experience remains open and available to all, democratic.
It is my fear that if we allow the freedom of the hills and the last of the wilderness to be taken from us, then the very idea of freedom may die with it.
We see a white egret. Another blue heron.
Beaver, buzzards, and bullfrogs.
White clouds passing beyond remote red walls.
From deep in the entrenched meanders of the endless Goosenecks, looking upriver, I catch a glimpse of Muley Point on the rim of Cedar Mesa, three thousand feet above.
We round Mendenhall Bend, where the river winds eight linear miles to advance one-half mile on the map.
On the neck of the stone goose is a little stone cabin, built by a gold prospector named Mendenhall eighty years ago.
Nobody lives there now.
Looking at petroglyphs on a rosy mural wall, I think of the legend of Kokopelli, the hunch-backed flute player of the Anasazi, who visited - when the men were away at war - all the villages of Indian America, from the Yukon to Tierra del Fuego, and left behind a spawn of syphilitic mutants.
"Bill," I say, "what are you so happy about?"
"Nothing in particular," he says. "Everything in general."
I know exactly what he means. The magic of a boat. The splendor of a flowing river.
The freedom of the desert.
Of course a happy man's true paradise is his own good nature.
We pass the mouth of John's Canyon, a hanging canyon, as John Wesley Powell would have labeled it; the pour-off is a limestone ledge fifty feet above the grade of the river.
In a few thousand more years, perhaps, John's Canyon may erode its way down to river level.
Two years ago in March there was a double waterfall pouring from that ledge; this time barely a trickle.
Evenings I spend by a little bed of mesquite coals, under a growing moon, listening for coyote, horned owls, whippoorwills, things that go bump in the night.
For Magic.
Witchcraft.
Wizardry.
And find it, too - all in my own head.
Quietly exultant, we drift on together, not a team but a family, a human family bound by human compassion, through the golden canyons of the River of Sorrows.
So named, it appears, by a Spanish priest three centuries ago, a man of God who saw in our physical world (is there another?) only a theater of suffering.
He was right! He was wrong!
Compassion can defeat that nameless terror.
Caring for one another, we take the sting from death.
Caring for our mysterious blue planet, we resolve riddles and dissolve all enigmas in contingent bliss.
On and on and on we float, down the river, day after day, down to the trip's end, to our takeout point, a lonely place in far western Colorado called Bedrock.
Next door to Paradox.
The Apaches who gave the name to this water and this canyon are not around anymore.
Most of that particular band - unarmed old men, women, children - huddled in a cave near the mouth of Aravaipa Canyon, were exterminated in the l880s by a death squad of American pioneers, aided by Mexican and Papagos, from the nearby city of Tucson.
The walls of Aravaipa Canyon bristle with spiky rock gardens of formidable desert vegetation.
Most prominent is the giant saguaro cactus, growing five to fifty feet tall out of crevices in the stone you might think could barely lodge a flower.
The barrel cactus, with its pink fish-hook thorns, thrives here on the sunny side; and clusters of hedge-hog cactus, and prickly pear with names like clockface and cows-tongue, have wedged roots into the rock.
Since most of the wall is vertical, parallel to gravity, these plants grow first outward then upward, forming right-angled bends near the base.
The prospect at streamside is conventionally sylvan, restful to desert-weary eyes.
Great cottonwoods and sycamores shade the creek's stony shores; when we are not wading in water we are wading through a crashing autumn debris of green-gold cottonwood and dusty-red sycamore leaves. other trees flourish here - willow, salt cedar, alder, desert hackberry, and a category of wild walnut.
Cracked with stones, the nuts yield a sweet but frugal meat.
At the water's edge is a nearly continuous growth of peppery-flavored watercress.
The stagnant pools are full of algae; and small pale frogs, tree frogs, and leopard frogs, leap from the bank at our approach and dive into the water; they swim for the deeps with kicking legs, quick breaststrokes.
We return to the mouth of Aravaipa Canyon.
Halfway back to camp and the canyon entrance we pause to inspect a sycamore that seems to be embracing a boulder.
The trunk of the tree has grown around the rock.
Feeling the tree for better understanding, I hear a clatter of loose stone, look up, and see six, seven, eight bighorn sheep perched on the rim rock a hundred feet above us.
Three rams, five ewes.
They are browsing at the local salad bar - brittlebush, desert holly, bursage, and jojoba - aware of us but not alarmed.
We watch them for a long time as they move casually along the rim and up a talus slope beyond, eating as they go, halting now and then to stare back at the humans staring up at them.
We have earned enough memories, stored enough mental emotional images in our heads, from one brief day in Aravaipa Canyon, to enrich the urban days to come.
As Henry David Thoreau found a universe in the woods around Concord, any individual whose senses are alive can make a world of any natural place, however limited it might seem, on this subtle planet of ours.
"The world is big but it is comprehensible," says R. Buckminster Fuller.
It seems to me that the Earth is not nearly big enough and that any portion of its surface, left unpaved and alive, is infinitely rich in details and relationships, in wonder, beauty, mystery, comprehensible only in part.
The very existence of existence is itself suggestive of the unknown - not a problem but a mystery.
We will never get to the end of it, never plumb the bottom of it, never know the whole of even so small and trivial and useless and precious a place as Aravaipa Canyon.
Therein lies our redemption.
Once during a debate on a land-use controversy a mining claims speculator (not a miner, not an engineer, only a speculator) said to me, "If God hadn't wanted us to dig up that uranium, He wouldn't have put it there." To which I replied, "If God had wanted us to use that uranium, He wouldn't have hidden it underground."
Henry David Thoreau, as usual, perceived the issue clearly: "They go to dig where they never planted," he said of the California Forty-Niners, "to reap where they never sowed."
"The treasure which you think not worth taking trouble and pains to find, this one alone is the real treasure you are longing for all your life.
The glittering treasure you are hunting for day and night lies buried on "the other side of that hill yonder." - B. Traven, The Treasure of the Sierra Madre
Maybe we should all stay home for a season, give our little Western wilderness some relief from Vibram soles, rubber boats, hang gliders, deer rifles, and fly rods.
But where is home?
Surely not the walled-in prison of the cities, under that low ceiling of carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides and acid rain - the leaky malaise of an overdeveloped, overcrowded, self-destroying culture - where most people are compelled to serve their time and please the wardens if they can.
For many, for more and more of us, the out-of-doors is our true ancestral estate.
For a mere five thousand years we have grubbed in the soil and laid brick upon brick to build the cities; but for a million years before that we lived the leisurely, free, and adventurous life of hunters and gatherers, warriors and tamers of horses.
How can we pluck that deep root of feeling from human consciousness?
In American literature Henry David Thoreau becomes more significant with each passing decade.
The deeper America sinks into industrialism, urbanism, militarism - with the rest of the world doing its best to emulate America - the more poignant, strong, and appealing becomes Henry's demand for the right of every man, every woman, every child, every dog, every tree, every snail darter, every lousewort, every living thing, to live its own life in its own way at its own pace in its own square mile of home.
Or in its own stretch of river.
Floating down a portion of Rio Colorado in Utah on a rare month in spring, twenty-two years ago, a friend and I found ourselves passing through a world so beautiful it seemed and had to be eternal.
Such perfection of being, we thought - these glens of sandstone, these winding corridors of mystery, leading each to its solitary revelation could not possibly be changed.
The philosophers and the theologians have agreed, for three thousand years, that the perfect is immutable - that which cannot alter and cannot ever be altered.
They were wrong.
Glen Canyon was destroyed.
Everything changes, and nothing is more vulnerable than the beautiful.
There will always be one more river, not to cross but to follow.
The journey goes on forever, and we are fellow voyagers on our little living ship of stone and soil and water and vapor, this delicate planet circling round the sun, which humankind call Earth.
Our job is to record, each in his own way, this Earth of light and shadow and a time that will never come again exactly as it is today.
Truth threatens power, now and always.
Edward Abbey, from Down the River with Henry
"Truth is always the enemy of power.
and power the enemy of Truth."
This web site is not a commercial web site and is presented for educational purposes only.
This website defines a new perspective with which to engage reality to which its author adheres. The author feels that the falsification of reality outside personal experience has forged a populace unable to discern propaganda from reality and that this has been done purposefully by an international corporate cartel through their agents who wish to foist a corrupt version of reality on the human race. Religious intolerance occurs when any group refuses to tolerate religious practices, religious beliefs or persons due to their religious ideology. This web site marks the founding of a system of philosophy named The Truth of the Way of the Lumière Infinie - a rational gnostic mystery religion based on reason which requires no leap of faith, accepts no tithes, has no supreme leader, no church buildings and in which each and every individual is encouraged to develop a personal relation with the Creator and Sustainer through the pursuit of the knowledge of reality in the hope of curing the spiritual corruption that has enveloped the human spirit. The tenets of The Truth of the Way of the Lumière Infinie are spelled out in detail on this web site by the author. Violent acts against individuals due to their religious beliefs in America is considered a "hate crime."
This web site in no way condones violence. To the contrary the intent here is to reduce the violence that is already occurring due to the international corporate cartels desire to control the human race. The international corporate cartel already controls the world economic system, corporate media worldwide, the global industrial military entertainment complex and is responsible for the collapse of morals, the elevation of self-centered behavior and the destruction of global ecosystems. Civilization is based on coöperation. Coöperation does not occur at the point of a gun.
American social mores and values have declined precipitously over the last century as the corrupt international cartel has garnered more and more power. This power rests in the ability to deceive the populace in general through corporate media by pressing emotional buttons which have been preprogrammed into the population through prior corporate media psychological operations. The results have been the destruction of the family and the destruction of social structures that do not adhere to the corrupt international elites vision of a perfect world. Through distraction and coercion the direction of thought of the bulk of the population has been directed toward solutions proposed by the corrupt international elite that further consolidates their power and which further their purposes.
All views and opinions presented on this web site are the views and opinions of individual human men and women that, through their writings, showed the capacity for intelligent, reasonable, rational, insightful and unpopular thought. All factual information presented on this web site is believed to be true and accurate and is presented as originally presented in print media which may or may not have originally presented the facts truthfully. Opinion and thoughts have been adapted, edited, corrected, redacted, combined, added to, re-edited and re-corrected as nearly all opinion and thought has been throughout time but has been done so in the spirit of the original writer with the intent of making his or her thoughts and opinions clearer and relevant to the reader in the present time.
Fair Use Notice This site may contain copyrighted material the use of which has not always been specifically authorized by the copyright owner. We are making such material available in our efforts to advance understanding of criminal justice, human rights, political, economic, democratic, scientific, and social justice issues, etc. We believe this constitutes a 'fair use' of any such copyrighted material as provided for in section 107 of the US Copyright Law. In accordance with Title 17 U.S.C. Section 107, the material on this site is distributed without profit to those who have expressed a prior interest in receiving the included information for research and educational purposes. For more information see: www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/17/107.shtml. If you wish to use copyrighted material from this site for purposes of your own that go beyond 'fair use', you must obtain permission from the copyright owner.
Copyright © Lawrence Turner
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R James Feaver
Jacodu Children’s Project
Albesti Roma Community
Life in Darkness
My work is about change. I want my pictures to contribute and be a part of the solution. When I began photographing in Romania 9 years ago I wanted to help organisations which did not have the resources to hire photographers to raise awareness. It was important that I was in it for the long haul, to not only photograph the need but also the progress and show what can be achieved.
Working with Love Light Romania over the years I feel that combining imagery and film with their dedication and commitment has enabled us to have made positive changes to many peoples lives.
If you would like to help me continue my work in Romania please consider making a donation via: paypal.me/rjamesfeaver
In the decade or so of my association with the inspiring and necessary Love Light project, aiding the vulnerable and disenfranchised children of Romania, it has become glaringly apparent that all of the individuals giving their time, their energy and a significant part of their lives to this endeavour are absolutely central to the charity’s existence, but none more so than their wonderfully accomplished photographer Richard Feaver. Without Richard’s tireless and exemplary work in visually documenting Love Light’s activities and capturing the multitude of children to whom the charity has given some measure of a happy and fulfilled life, it is doubtful that the project could have been a fraction as effective as it undoubtedly has been.
Richard’s work is consummately professional, with a tender and compassionate eye that never descends into mawkish sentiment. Had he gone into some other area of photography, flattering those who are already over-privileged, I am certain that he would have been a substantially wealthy and famous man by now. While this is something that Richard richly deserves, I can’t help but be grateful on behalf of Love Light and the children that it serves that this is not the case. Richard Feaver is one of those rare photographers where the heart is as keen as the eye, and I for one am honoured to have been even distantly associated with him and his work.
Alan Moore, Writer.
I support Richard Feaver totally in his wonderful work in Romania. He has made a difference to the lives of the poor Roma families in that country who are so cruelly discriminated against.
To see the happiness his work brings to the children is heart-warming. He deserves all the support we can give.
Miriam Margolyes OBE , Actress.
Richards photographs show the real story of Romania — a country full of contradictions. Conditions can be harsh and difficult for ordinary people yet they are often warm and welcoming. However, for children — especially the disabled children that are the focus of F.R.O.D.O. — Foundation for the Relief of Disabled Orphans work — life can be unimaginably cruel. Abandoned and disabled — they are doubly disadvantaged. Richards images help us tell others about the needs of these children. They also tell of the difference that charities like us make to their lives — bringing hope and happiness. For F.R.O.D.O., Richard is a valuable resource and a wonderful talent.
Vanessa Cummings, Chief Executive, F.R.O.D.O.
Photography/film give a true impression of the projects at Love Light Romania. This can influence sponsors when making a decision about giving a donation. They see first hand the need and also can be shown the difference their support has made. When promoting the work that takes place, photography and film are able to show a situation, that probably a sponsor would not be in a position to be opened up to. Showing sponsors the ongoing progress of a particular individual or area of support they are funding, helps them to stay focused and interested and therefore the sponsorship continues.
Love Light Romania has witnessed first hand where photography/film has made a consequential difference to the lives of children. One example is six brothers and sisters who had not been registered at birth and suffered daily neglect from their parents. With a commitment to persist in highlighting their plight, bringing it to the attention of the appropriate authorities, they eventually after eighteen months, were given a new life in care.
At Jacodu Children′s Project, photography/film has emphasised the terribly poverty and lack of hope the children were living, therefore drawn attention to what could be done to give them a better life. Consequently the project, four years since it′s launch, has grown to far exceed the expectations and has empowered a Roma community, giving the children a better life and a brighter, more productive future.
Projects at Love Light Romania would come to a stand still if the association did not have the services of photography and film to rely on. In the area of HIV there is always the need for expansion as new service users seek support. With the lack of decent health care, as an HIV care provider, at Love Light Romania there is always the need of extra funding. It is important to keep raising awareness of the need at Jacodu Children′s Project. There is a long term vision, that basically goes into the next generation, highlighting the progress and the expansion that the project needs, is vital to reach the aims of breaking cycles of poverty.
Jo Jowett, Co-Founder Love Light Romania.
© R. JAMES FEAVER 2016
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Clustered ID (Cont'd): SR on Safe Drinking Water & SR on Hazardous Substances - 3rd Meeting, 42nd Regular Session Human Rights Council
9 Sep 2019 - CONTINUED - Clustered interactive dialogue with:
- Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation A/HRC/42/47, A/HRC/42/47/Add.1, A/HRC/42/47/Add.2, A/HRC/42/47/Add.3, A/HRC/42/47/Add.4, A/HRC/42/47/Add.5, A/HRC/42/47/Add.6, A/HRC/42/47/Add.7, A/HRC/42/47/Add.8
- Special Rapporteur on the implications for human rights of the environmentally sound management and disposal of hazardous substances and wastes A/HRC/42/41
Item 3: Promotion and protection of all human rights, civil, political, economic, social and cultural rights, including the right to development - 1st Plenary Meeting
France, Ms. Sara Dairi
Sudan, Ms. Muntasir Saad
South Africa, Ms. Sibongile Gabisile Nkosi
Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Mr. Olmer Torrejon Alcoba
Republic of Korea, Mr. Chan Kim
China, Ms. Liu Hua
Uruguay, Ms. María Alejandra Costa Prieto
Mr. Leo Heller, Special Rapporteur on the Human Rights to Safe Drinking Water and Sanitation (Comments and Answers)
France, Ms. Sara Dairi 00:00:23
Sudan, Ms. Muntasir Saad 00:01:57
South Africa, Ms. Sibongile Gabisile Nkosi 00:08:09
Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Mr. Olmer Torrejon Alcoba 00:14:46
Republic of Korea, Mr. Chan Kim 00:17:07
China, Ms. Liu Hua 00:19:13
Uruguay, Ms. María Alejandra Costa Prieto 00:21:17
Mr. Leo Heller, Special Rapporteur on the Human Rights to Safe Drinking Water and Sanitation (Comments and Answers) 00:23:40
Mr. Baskut Tuncak, Special Rapporteur on Hazardous Substances and Wastes (Comments and Answers) 00:32:23
UNEP - United Nations Environment Programme, Ms. Amelie Taoufiq 00:44:03
Georgia, Ms. Nino Bakradze 00:46:48
Morocco, Ms. Asmaa Benni 00:50:20
Bangladesh, Mr. Abdul Wadud Akanda 00:56:16
ILO - International Labour Organization, Ms. Raquel Gonzalez 00:57:34
Mali, Mr. Adama Coulibaly 00:59:46
Senegal, Ms. Fatou Gaye 01:02:03
Tajikistan, Mr. Jamshed Khamidov 01:07:44
Côte D'Ivoire, Mr. Konan François Kouame 01:10:17
Brazil, Mr. Rodrigo di Oliveira Morais 01:14:32
Grenada, Mr. Robert Branch 01:17:03
Benin, Mr. Eloi Laourou 01:18:38
Mongolia, Ms. Shagdar Rinchyenmyadag 01:20:48
Saint Lucia, Ms. Zizi Pitcairn 01:22:15
UNOPS - United Nations Office for Project Services, Ms. Hind Khatib-Othman 01:25:14
International Association of Democratic Lawyers (Joint Statement), Ms. Micol Savia 01:27:40
Swedish Federation of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender Rights (Joint Statement), Mr. Akani Shimange 01:29:49
Franciscans International, Mr. Rolando Lemus 01:32:01
iuventum e.V., Ms. Marlina Caslini 01:34:12
Association of World Citizens, Ms. Sholeh Zamini 01:36:20
Conectas Direitos Humanos, Mr. Gustavo Huppes 01:38:26
Humanist Institute for Co-operation with Developing Countries, Ms. Anabella Sibrián 01:40:37
Colombian Commission of Jurists, Ms. Ana Maria Rodriguez Valencia 01:42:42
Minority Rights Group, Mr. Paulo Lugan Arantes 01:44:27
Federation for Women and Family Planning, Ms. Krystyna Kacpura 01:46:38
Associazione Comunita Papa Giovanni XXIII, Ms. Maria Mercedes Rossi 01:48:56
China Society for Human Rights Studies (CSHRS), Mr. Wu Leifen 01:51:11
International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, Mr. Mutua Kobia 01:53:42
Association for Integration and sustainable Development in Burundi, Ms. Floria Barata Glino 01:55:55
Health and Environment Program (HEP), Ms. Madeleine Scherb 01:58:22
Alsalam Foundation, Ms. Costanza Mendola 01:59:27
Mr. Leo Heller, Special Rapporteur on the Human Rights to Safe Drinking Water and Sanitation (Final Remarks) 02:01:24
Mr. Baskut Tuncak, Special Rapporteur on Hazardous Substances and Wastes (Final Remarks) 02:11:48
Ukraine (Right of Reply) 02:21:12
Armenia (Right of Reply) 02:23:50
Brazil (Right of Reply) 02:26:53
Azerbaijan (Right of Reply) 02:30:22
Clustered ID: SR on Safe Drinking Water & SR on Hazardous Substances - 2nd...
Clustered ID (Cont'd): SR on Hazardous Substances and SR on Safe Drinking Water...
Clustered ID (Cont'd): SR on Safe Drinking Water and SR on Hazardous Substances...
Clustered ID: SR on Hazardous Substances and SR on Safe Drinking Water - 9th...
Clustered ID: SR on Safe Drinking Water and SR on Hazardous Substances - 6th...
Clustered ID (Cont'd): Hazardous substances/waste and Safe Drinking Water 7th...
Español 5 Nov 2019
Bolivia Review - 34th Session of Universal Periodic Review
El Salvador Review - 34th Session of Universal Periodic Review…
Jorge Arreaza Montserrat (Venezuela)- 10th Meeting, 42nd Regular…
Español 15 May 2019
Nicaragua Review - 33rd Session of Universal Periodic Review
Equatorial Guinea Review - 33rd Session of Universal Periodic…
Costa Rica Review - 33rd Session of Universal Periodic Review…
Español 27 Feb 2019
Nicaragua, High-Level Segment - 8th Meeting, 40th Regular Session…
Inter-American Commission on Human Rights, High-Level Segment…
Chile, High-Level Segment - 8th Meeting, 40th Regular Session…
Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of), High-Level Segment - 7th…
Cuba, High-Level Segment - 7th Meeting, 40th Regular Session…
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Daily Press Briefing: Secretary-General Travels, Security Council, MoU Rwanda/Uganda, Sudan Floods, Central African Republic, UNICEF, IOM, International Day for the Remembrance of the Slave Trade and its Abolition
23 Aug 2019 - Briefing by Eri Kaneko, Associate Spokeswoman for the Secretary-General.
Daily Press Briefing: Secretary-General Travels, Democratic Republic of the...
Daily Press Briefing: Secretary-General Travel to South Africa, Security...
Daily Press Briefing: Helicopter Crash in the Central African Republic,...
Daily Press Briefing: Security Council, Central African Republic, Sudan DPO...
Daily Press Briefing: Secretary-General Remarks, Secretary-General Travel,...
54th Plenary Meeting - General Assembly 74th Session - Part …
UN Chief looks ahead at 2020
Daily Press Briefing: SG Priorities, Trip Announcement, Syria…
Passion to Drive the Movement - UN SDG Media Zone, Davos, Switzerland…
Women Driving SDG Action - UN SDG Media Zone, Davos, Switzerland…
1.5 Future: A Corporate Climate Movement - UN SDG Media Zone…
Climate Change Action & Public Advocacy - UN SDG Media Zone,…
International Trade Centre - UN SDG Media Zone, Davos, Switzerland…
The Role of Business Schools in the Decade of Delivery - UN SDG…
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