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Mastercard And ESL Gaming Renew Partnership For NLC For 2021
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How galaxies and black holes grow together
May 22, 2020 May 22, 2020 Shamail Abbas 0 Comments
Over the past two decades, astronomers have concluded that most, if not all, galaxies host massive black holes at their centers—and the masses of a galaxies and black hole and its host galaxy are correlated.
But how are the two connected? Now, a University of Hawaii at Mānoa Institute for Astronomy (IfA) student participating in the National Science Foundation’s (NSF) Research Experiences for Undergraduates (REU) program, may have revealed part of the answer.
Undergraduate Rebecca Minsley, participated in IfA’s 2019 REU program, working for 10 weeks with her mentor, Maunakea Spectroscopic Explorer Deputy Project Scientist Andreea Petric. Sifting meticulously though hundreds of images of galaxies, Minsley began to define a clearer picture of galaxy evolution. “Galaxy growth may be shaped by interactions with other galaxies which contributes to supermassive black holes (SMBH) that grow within the galaxy’s center,” Minsley explained.
interesting reading: Astrophysicists Observe Gravitational Events For Universe
Gas and dust between stars, called the interstellar medium (ISM), is the fuel for both SMBH growth and the formation of new stars. But recent work shows that the ISM may have different properties—especially being warmer—in galaxies that host a growing supermassive black hole in their nuclei, compared to those galaxies that do not. Warmer gas is less likely to collapse into new stars, so this finding may suggest that a growing central SMBH diminishes a galaxy’s ability to make new stars.
What might be responsible for heating the ISM? Starlight, especially from hot stars, can do this. But interactions between galaxies—when they collide or even just pass close to each other—can produce large-scale shock waves that compress less dense gas, making it more likely to form stars. Minsley studied the shapes of 630 galaxies using images from the Pan-STARRS survey. She classified the galaxies into mergers, early mergers, and non-mergers. And then compared the shapes to the light output of the same galaxies at longer mid-infrared wavelengths, where she could study the properties of the ISM.
“When galaxies get close enough they go through a sort of galactic dance until they eventually coalesce into a singular entity. These interactions have well documented signatures that allowed me to categorize our set of galaxies,” Minsley said. “This project gave me a greater appreciation for the complexity and entanglement of all the processes taking place inside galaxies and the research being done to deconstruct galactic systems is fascinating.”
interesting reading: No Time For Autopilot On Tech Policy: O’Neil
Minsley and collaborators found that within galaxies with active black holes, the ISM is warmer, the ratios of warm molecular gas to other coolants are larger, and other features from dust particles have a wider range of values than in galaxies where the black holes are dormant.
“In the nearby universe we find that the warm ISM of galaxies which host growing supermassive black holes at their centers differs from those that do not,” explains Petric. “We speculate that the same processes that funnel fuel to the SMBH also allow us to detect the energy transfer back into the galaxy’s ISM.” Petric adds that future galaxies and black hole, more detailed observations, will allow researchers confirm these energy transfer processes.
IfA has been part of the prestigious REU program for almost 20 years, training over 130 students, some of whom are now leaders in different fields of astronomy. Because of this unique opportunity to work in Hawaii with world class facilities and scientists, the IfA receives over 500 applications each term. The focus of their REU program is on identifying students who have potential to succeed in research, but may not have the opportunity and resources.
interesting reading: Sentinel-6 Satellite: Watching The Sea Level Rise
Nader Haghighipour, the principal investigator of IfA’s REU program, noted, “With our mentors among the world leaders in their respective fields, our REU students are engaged in cutting edge research. Rebecca’s work is a prime example of this. We are very proud of our REU students, as almost all of them continued their studies in graduate school, and many of them have gained national recognition.”
During the 2020 fall semester, Petric and UH Mānoa undergraduate Diana Castaneda will continue to investigate the ISM of galaxies hosting some of the most luminous growing SMBH in the nearby universe, using a spectrometer aboard the Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy (SOFIA) aircraft. The SOFIA observations will allow Castaneda and Petric to gain more insight into the processes by which energy is being transferred between the growing SMBH and the ISM.
Originally Publish at: https://phys.org/
Shamail Abbas
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Pakistan Scholarship
Fawad To Initiate Scholarship Program For Schoolchildren
January 11, 2021 January 11, 2021 Kaleem Naqvi 0
Minister for Science and Technology, Chaudhry Fawad Hussain on Sunday said a comprehensive plan was being prepared for initiating scholarship
Three International Scholarships Deadline Is Near: HEC
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The Voice Of Friendship
Science & technology sector remain neglected in Pakistan; both at government and public level. Even, when it comes to development or criticism, there was no media to address the issues. We all know that the news media plays a critical role as one of the primary means through which scientific and technological issues are brought to the attention of the general public. The reality of science for most people is what they experience through mass media channels. Good reporting allows people to evaluate science policy issues and make rational personal choices; poor reporting can mislead a public that is increasingly affected by science. The need for the science and technology newspaper took place and the concept of weekly (future’s daily) newspaper “Technology Times” evolve.
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Copyright © 2021 Technology Times. All rights reserved.
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To some users, the K63 may seem basic or feature-light. When getting down to brass tacks there is nothing essential that has been omitted here. The K63 has every feature a gamer needs to get the job done. We personally enjoy the straight forward simple design. The K63 does exactly what it was designed to do, nothing more, nothing less. There is beauty in simplicity, the K63 is a beauty indeed.
-- As reviewed by bjorn3d.com
$59 on Amazon
Last revision on November 7, 2020
Cherry MX Red Switches
LED Controller / CUE
Dedicated Media keys
Loads of lighting effects and per-key actions
No color options
No removable USB cable
No switch type option (Brown, Green, etc.)
Corsair K63 pricing
Current $59 Jan 19, 2021
Highest* $124 Aug 3, 2020
Lowest* $59 Dec 23, 2020
Average $83
Cooler Master MasterKeys Pro L GeForce GTX Edition
Logitech G610 Orion
Corsair Strafe RGB Cherry MX
Das Keyboard Prime 13
Matias Quiet Pro
By ThinkComputers on May 20, 2018 90
I've been using the Corsair K63 Wireless Mechanical Keyboard for the past few weeks as my main keyboard and I really like it. It is not much different than other mechanical gaming keyboards out there, except for the fact that it is wireless. You have...
By FutureLooks on May 10, 2018 95
The Corsair K63 Wireless Mechanical Gaming Keyboard is great at what it does in both wired and wireless modes. If you are looking for a good wireless mechanical keyboard to either help reduce the amount of cables on your desk or play games while sitting...
By techteamgb.co.uk on April 11, 2018 92
Corsair has made a pretty awesome little keyboard here – their K63 Wireless is a TKL (TenKeyless) design, with 2.4GHz wireless AND Bluetooth connectivity, and is otherwise an impressive mechanical gaming keyboard. Want one? Amazon: prourls.co/e7c6...
By techPowerUp! on March 22, 2018 85
The CORSAIR K63 Wireless keyboard costs $109.99 from the CORSAIR web shop for either the blue or ice blue backlit option, as well as from third-party resellers for customers in the USA as of the date of this article. There is also a keyboard + lapboard...
By Trusted Reviews on March 19, 2018 90
If you're after a wireless gaming keyboard, it doesn't get better than...
By TechRadar on February 26, 2018 90
If you're looking for a full-featured wireless gaming keyboard with real mechanical switches, backlit keys and media shortcuts, the Corsair K63 Wireless delivers in full. It also helps that this is the most affordable wireless keyboard out there at $109...
By Kitguru.net on February 14, 2018 80
Corsair's first wireless keyboard, the K63 Wireless is undoubtedly a solid piece of kit.It keeps things simple with its design, though the tenkeyless (80%) form-factor may not be to everyone's liking. Still, the keyboard is well-built and the dedicated...
By Guru of 3D on February 13, 2018 80
The TLK K63 Wireless looks downright odd on its own, for editing purposes I immediately missed the numeric keys. However, this is a gamer keyboard and many like the compact design, it's also easy to carry around. The main feature, of course, is its...
By PC Authority on June 14, 2017 83
Compact, stylish and well built, the K63 is great for anyone prioritising quality over features, although it's a little pricey for what's on...
By Digital Trends on May 05, 2017 80
Customers on the market for an excellent compact mechanical keyboard at $80 should look no further than the K63. It has plenty of customization and performance without the flair, making it a great choice for gamers who prefer go over...
By The Tech Report on May 07, 2018
Corsair's K63 Wireless keyboard, Dark Core RGB SE gaming mouse, MM1000 mouse pad, and the K63 Lapboard promise to work together as a complete setup for the gamer who wants to bring the PC gaming experience out of the office and into the living room and...
By Bit-tech.net on April 16, 2018
While consoles still rule the roost when it comes to gaming in the living room, it's become all the more viable (and we'd argue preferable, of course) to pair your shiny new 4K TV with a beautiful PC. Wireless keyboards are perfect candidates for such...
By Legit Reviews on February 19, 2018
The Corsair K63 Wireless is a well-made, versatile wireless keyboard for gamers who move between a desktop and HTPC system. The 2.4GHz low latency wireless technology that Corsair implemented on the K63 Wireless Mechanical Gaming Keyboard is solid, as I...
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Critical technology upgrades at the gas pump offer opportunity for NewsBreak Media
on September 01 st, 2016
(EDITOR’S NOTE: NewsBreak Media Networks, the subject of today’s feature post, and PYA Analytics are hosting a “lunch and learn” during the upcoming “Innov865 Week.” For more details, read this recent article from teknovation.biz or click on this link to register. NewsBreak Media is also one of three finalists for the “Traction Awartd” in this month’s “Start-up Day” event.)
By Tom Ballard, Chief Alliance Officer, PYA
In a little over a year, all convenience stores and fuel retailers in the country face a critical upgrade to the technology that is deployed at their fuel pumps. They will have to be able to accept chip and pin credit cards by October 2017 or assume all responsibility for fraud and liability.
The deadline for convenience stores presents a significant growth opportunity for NewsBreak Media Networks, a very lean, emerging, Knoxville-based company founded in 2009.
“We’re planning to capitalize on the timing of the upgrade in the technology and infrastructure,” Brian Nelson, Co-Founder and Chief Operating Officer, says of the October 2017 deadline.
The company, best known to Knoxville readers for its short news and weather updates available at Pilot Food Marts, Rocky Top Markets and Weigel’s convenience stores, was profiled about 18 months ago in this teknovation.biz article. A good deal has changed since then.
“Local ad sales generated through a pump-top television network were the primary source of revenue for us in 2009,” Bob Bradley, NewsBreak Chief Executive Officer, says. “We have pivoted from a hardware driven, ad sales business to a software centric, programmatic merchandising company.”
That transformation is reflected in everything from the new display screen technology that customers see in the Salt Lake City market to the integration of advanced data analytics software for NewsBreak Media’s convenience store customers.
“We started with 21-inch dispenser top units (DTUs) that are placed above the fuel pump and feature local advertising,” Bradley says of the earlier deployments in Tennessee. Customers will see them in Knoxville, Chattanooga and Nashville.
“We have evolved to a 10.5-inch screen that is integrated into the point-of-sale system and features branded merchandising content for each convenience store,” he says of the evolution. The latter is what is now available in Utah through a strategic partnership with Bennett Pump Company.
The pivot to a SaaS (software as a service) model allows NewsBreak Media to better control costs since it no longer has the high capital requirements associated with the DTUs. It also opens opportunities to move from a locally-driven advertising strategy to one that is better able to scale and target national brands.
“This integrated technology will also allow us to evolve from location specific content to a personalized, one-on-one experience,” Nelson said.
Both changes are important to an enterprise that currently operates with only three full-time employees. The third team member is Dax Warden, the resident technical operations guru who oversees technology deployed to 864 different display screens across five states.
The changes will allow NewsBreak Media to deliver more value to the convenience store operators it serves. After all, as Bradley and Nelson explain, there is more profit for convenience store retailers selling items inside a store than just gasoline at the pump.
NewsBreak has partnered with Avrio Analytics to introduce a predictive analytics feature to the software that will drive its programmatic merchandising platform. With these enhancements, NewsBreak is able to build client specific algorithms that deliver content playlists to each location. The playlists are then distributed to its pump-top TV and in-store screen network, as well as to retailer mobile applications.
“This is a dynamic industry that is consolidating,” Bradley says of the convenience store sector. While there are 153,000 locations nationally, he estimates that over the next few years, 60 percent will be owned by large convenience store chains that operate 50 or more retail locations.
NewsBreak Media currently has a strategic partnership with Bennett Pump, one of the three major manufacturers of gasoline pumps, but can integrate with pumps produced by the other two big players – Gilbarco Veeder-Root and Wayne Fueling Systems.
“We have developed our content distribution software to be platform agnostic,” Nelson says. “This allows us to integrate quickly and seamlessly into existing content management networks that are already in place.
With the October 2017 deadline approaching, Bradley says NewsBreak Media just launched a Series A2 funding round. The monies will enable additional software development, purchase of the hardware “brain” that powers each location, and sales and marketing efforts.
USPTO launches new tool to find available IP related to COVID-19
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3D Ops provides update one year after “GIGTANK Demo Day”
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Thewistle
Premier League Match Of The Week : Huge Blow For Arsenal Ahead Of Chelsea Clash
Subair Adams
Arsenal battle Chelsea in this weekend’s star match. The Gunners are without a point after first round of matches while the Blues are on three points as they were 2-0 victors over Huddersfield Town last weekend.
Unai Emery would have loved to have all of his players on ground for the game but that won’t be possible for the Spanish manager as some of his players are out injured.
Just as last week, Emery will be without Sead Kolasinac and Laurent Koscielny, both of whom are sidelined due to injury. Kolasinac is set to return in October while Koscielny is reportedly going to return to full fitness in November.
However, there is another fresh injury update as Emery confirmed that young defender Maitland-Niles, who pulled out of Manchester City’s clash last week, won’t play any part in Saturday’s game.
According to the Gunners manager via their official page, the 20-year-old picked up a knee injury against the Citizens and he’s expected to stay in the recuperating room for two months.
“Ainsleyhas sustained a small fracture to his left fibula and will be out for six to eight weeks” they revealed
The right-back will be out of action for the next two months and he is expected to return to action in October.
Want-away right-back Carl Jenkinson, who has been linked with move to La Liga, has also joined other players at the sideline.
It was confirmed last night via the club’s site that the player has picked up an ankle injury which will take him two months to heal.
“Carl has sustained a significant sprain to his right ankle and will be out for six to eight weeks,” Arsenal announced.
However, there is good news for the manager as Danny Welbeck and Nacho Monreal are back to full training, ready for selection against Maurizio Sarri’s men.
I am a freelance writer and a software engineer with years of experience including many in-person and online contracts. I write quality, clear and eloquent articles, blog posts and other contents for websites.
Thewistle © 2021
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ACS (I)'s 400m record-breaker Joshua's a rising star
"It's been quite a pressurising few months in the lead-up to this, but I accomplished what I came here to do." - Joshua Lim (near left, leading the race ahead of second-placed Mohammad Irfan Qabeel)TNP PHOTO: AQIL HAZIQ MAHMUD
ACS (I) sprinter a star in the making after another gold and record
Aqil Haziq Mahmud
He ruled the event in the National Schools' C Division track and field championships, winning gold in the Boys' 400m in 2014.
Anglo-Chinese School's (Independent) Joshua Lim stormed to gold in the event in the B Division competition last year and, yesterday, he stamped his authority in Singapore schoolboys' 400m sprinting when he posted a new record of 49.24sec at the Bishan Stadium to make it a hat-trick of titles.
The 16-year-old bettered the previous record of 49.75 set by Singapore Sports School's Jamie Ross Coates in 2008.
"It's been quite a pressurising few months in the lead-up to this, but I accomplished what I came here to do," said Joshua, who also holds the C Division record (51.65).
"Every record is special; breaking them is about overcoming your barriers physically, and that's when you take on a whole new level."
The Secondary 4 student started and finished the race strongly, seeing off his closest competitor - Sports School's Mohammad Irfan Qabeel (51.29) - by more than two seconds.
VICTORY CRY
After crossing the finish line, a breathless Joshua sank to his knees and pointed to the sky, giving thanks with a victory cry.
"I was a bit anxious as I've been preparing for this moment for quite a while," he told The New Paper later.
"But, when I was on my blocks, I knew the target was to break the record and that was what I focused on during the race."
Joshua admitted that fatigue had set in towards the end, but said his faith and preparation pulled him through.
"It was one of the best races I've ever run but, in the 400 metres, you're mostly unconscious throughout, so it's a bit difficult to focus on your running style," he said.
"On the back straight, I wasn't thinking too much; I was prepping myself for the last 200 metres where it was every man for himself.
"I was beginning to tire, but I just put every bit of effort I had left into the last stretch."
ACS (I) head coach Tang Ngai Kin praised Joshua for coming through challenging conditions.
"There was a strong headwind on the home straight and near the end there was a backwind," the former Singapore track star said.
"But, it was no problem because nature is nature, so we don't give excuses; on the whole, he completed a very good run."
Tang refused to pin unnecessary expectations on the 400m champion, after his impressive time.
"Ever since he was in ACS (Primary), we recognised him as a natural talent, as you must have very good running mechanics to run the 400 metres," he said.
"He's already in Year 4, so we'll let him decide what he wants to do; everybody can dream, but his legs will do the talking."
Joshua is "most definitely" keen on breaking the A Division 400m record of 48.69 - set two years ago by Anglo-Chinese Junior College's Muncherji Zubin Percy.
"I discovered that I had a talent in Primary 4 and, from a very early stage, I understood that track and field was more than just about medals," he said.
"It's a great win for me and my teammates, and a victorious day for ACS (I)."
400M results
C Div Girls' final
1. Apeland Keira Mingan (CHIJ Katong Convent) - 1min 03.44sec
2. Phoebe Angeline Law (Nanyang Girls' High School) - 1:04.36
3. Liu Jingyi (CHIJ St Nicholas Girls' School) - 1:05.68
C Div Boys' final
1. Kyes Gaffoor (St Joseph's Institution) - 55.81sec
2. Samuel Lee (Catholic High) - 56.22
3. Bryan Lam (Hwa Chong Institution) - 56.40
B Div Girls' final
1. Diane Hilary Pragasam (Singapore Sports School) - 1:01.44
2. Abigail Louise Tan (CHIJ St Nicholas Girls' School) - 1:01.90
3. Addeen Idzni Imran (Singapore Sports School) - 1:03.01
B Div Boys' final
1. Joshua Lim (Anglo-Chinese School (Independent)) - 49.24
2. Mohammad Irfan Qabeel (Singapore Sports School) - 51.29
3. Irving Alexander de Boer (Hwa Chong Institution) - 51.57
A Div Girls' final
1. Pan Xin-Min (Hwa Chong Institution) - 1:01.52
2. Celeste Goh (Singapore Sports School) - 1:01.72
3. Sharon Tan (National Junior College) - 1:03.73
A Div Boys' final
1. Ow Yeong Wen Bin (Hwa Chong Institution) - 50.11
2. Dinesh Hulbert Anthony Lawrence (St Andrew's Junior College) - 50.84
3. Mark Llewellyn Lim (Raffles Institution) - 52.25
Read articles by Aqil Haziq Mahmud
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Danbury Boys & Girls Basketball
Jan 17, 2019 | Sports | 0 comments
Danbury falls to Tiffin Calvert
BY YANEEK SMITH, BEACON CONTRIBUTOR
DANBURY TWP. — Danbury was able to hang with Tiffin Calvert for much of the game, but a late fourth-quarter run by the Senecas was too much for the Lakers. Danbury (4-9, 2-5 SBC River) fell behind 18-13 after the first quarter and trailed 41-32 heading into the fourth where Calvert (7-5, 6-1) put the game out of reach by outscoring the Lakers, 15-8.
Nic Somodi led all scorers with 16 points and Josh Recker scored 14 for the Senecas. Ian Kuzma had a team-high 15 points and Saylor Evans chipped in with 10.
Emmanuel Christian 62, Danbury 38
A big second quarter was the difference as Emmanuel Christian defeated Danbury, 62-38. Holding a 13-4 lead, the Warriors (5-5) outscored the Lakers, 21-9, in the second quarter to take a 34-13 lead.
Jailon Walker and Caden Williams scored 15 points apiece to lead Emmanuel Christian. Saylor Evans led Danbury with 12 points and Ian Kuzma scored 10.
Danbury girls fall to SMCC, 40-26
St. Mary Central Catholic put forth a great defensive effort, holding Danbury in check in its 40-26 victory over the Lakers.
The Panthers (7-5, 7-1 SBC River) jumped out to an early lead and held a 16-6 advantage after the first quarter. Holding a 27-22 lead entering the fourth, SMCC held Danbury (4-9, 2-6) to just five points.
“We lost by 14 but were down only three points late in the fourth quarter. We just could not get our shots to fall,” said Danbury coach Dick Heller. “We had good looks, they just didn’t go in.”
Maggie London scored 10 points to lead the Panthers while Allison Weilnay and Bella Fischer scored six points apiece. Kalee Rakosky and Kayla Rodriguez both scored seven points for the Lakers.
Tiffin Calvert 42, Danbury 38
Tiffin Calvert took an early lead and held on for a 42-38 victory over Danbury. The Senecas led 10-6 after the first quarter and 18-15 at halftime.
“Calvert is a nice, balanced team. They play well together and shoot well,” said Danbury coach Dick Heller. “We are very proud of our girls. They are starting to put everything together. Calvert had a scoring run to start the game and another one to start the third quarter that put them up 10-12 points. But our girls hung in the game and got the (deficit) back to four points.”
Lexie White scored 13 points to lead Calvert (5-5, 4-3 SBC River) and Shelby Hemminger added 12. Emma White was the third Seneca to player to finish in double figures, scored 10 points.
The Lakers’ Kayla Rodriguez led all scorers with 14 points and Kalee Rakosky chipped in with 11.
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CNN: Chat Logs Show School Shooter Hated Jews, Even Though He Was Jewish Himself
The CIA Owns the US and European Media
The Real “Fake News” from Government Media
The Case for Stripping Former Officials of their Security Clearances
Instagram chat logs from confessed school shooter Nikolas Cruz show he “repeatedly espoused racist, homophobic and anti-Semitic views” and said he was “glad” he never met his own mother because she “was a Jew,” CNN reports.
Chris Menahan | Information Liberation
CNN, investigating comments the shooter may have left on a now-deleted YouTube channel, was added to the private Instagram group by one of the active members in it. The responding group members, who appear to be younger than 18, have refused to confirm their identities to CNN on or off the record.
When asked for comment or whether they knew about the private chat group, the FBI directed CNN to the Broward County Sheriff’s Office.
Most of the conversation in the group since Cruz joined around August 2017 is between six people — including Cruz.
… In one part of the group chat, Cruz wrote that he hated, “jews, ni**ers, immigrants.”
He talked about killing Mexicans, keeping black people in chains and cutting their necks….
Cruz said he hated black people simply because they were black; Cruz hated Jews because he believed they wanted to destroy the world.
…The bio on one of his Instagram accounts read, “annihilator.”
At one point in the chat, he wrote, “I think I am going to kill people.” After a member told him not to say things like that, he said he was just playing.
During one of the anti-Semitic rants in the chat, Cruz spoke of his birth mother, saying, “My real mom was a Jew. I am glad I never met her.”
“There are no indications in the group chat that any member, including Cruz, is or was part of a white nationalist or white supremacist group,” CNN reports.
The FBI was directly tipped off on January 5th that Cruz had a desire to kill people, was amassing guns, making disturbing social media posts and potentially wanted to conduct a school shooting, but they failed to follow it up.
According to the New York Post, deputies had visited his home 39 times in only seven years.
Contributed by Chris Menahan of informationliberation.com.
Founded in 2005, InformationLiberation is a news site dedicated to pursuing the truth wherever it leads, without apology and without care for being politically correct.
Related Topics:CNN, Florida school shooting, mainstream media, mass shooting
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This article is more than 5 months old
Bolivia protesters bring country to standstill over election delays
Demonstrators allied to Evo Morales say authorities are using Covid-19 to delay vote
A demonstrator in La Paz, Bolivia, wants the government to respect the 6 September election date. Photograph: Gaston Brito/Getty
Laurence Blair and Cindy Jiménez Bercerra in La Paz
Sun 9 Aug 2020 07.42 EDT
First published on Sun 9 Aug 2020 07.41 EDT
Demonstrators in Bolivia have dynamited Andean passes, scattered boulders across highways and dug trenches along rural roads to protest against repeated delays to a rerun of last October’s deeply contentious election, which led to the downfall of the long-serving leftwing president Evo Morales.
As the country’s death toll from the coronavirus pandemic mounts, more than 100 roadblocks and marches nationwide – convened on Monday by Bolivia’s main workers’ union and indigenous and campesino movements allied to Morales’s Movement Towards Socialism (Mas) – have brought the country to a standstill for six days.
The largest demonstrations since last year’s crisis come soon after the electoral authorities postponed elections originally scheduled for May for the third time – from 6 September to 18 October – citing the need to avoid a projected peak in coronavirus infections.
Bolivians driven from pillar to post as Covid-19 overwhelms hospitals
The ruling late last month and the resulting backlash have increased a sense of crisis in a country already struggling to cope with Covid-19, an economic slump and fierce political divisions.
“We’re not doing this out of choice,” said Jaime Quiñones Veliz, 35, part of a group of mask-wearing protesters at a roadblock made of tyres, stones and wire strung across a street in El Alto, a sprawling conurbation overlooking Bolivia’s political capital, La Paz.
“The people are desperate to know who their president will be, no matter who wins at the polls. We need a stable government,” he said. “We’re demanding that they respect the election date of 6 September. If not, things are going to get even uglier.”
The caretaker government of Jeanine Áñez – a rightwing senator who came to power after Morales’s fall promising fresh elections within 90 days, and later declared her own candidacy for president – has threatened to use force to dismantle the roadblocks. It claims that by preventing oxygen and ambulances from reaching hard-pressed hospitals, the blockades have killed at least 31 people.
Among the nearly 85,000 people to have been infected in Bolivia to date are Áñez herself and about half of her cabinet, including the public works minister, Iván Árias.
In a wheezy audio message circulating on social media, Árias said his nurses were in tears lamenting the lack of oxygen and medicines and were blaming Mas for the shortages.
“Bolivians, let’s not be manipulated, let’s save lives. I beg you with all my heart: life first, then we’ll sort out our political problems … We won’t allow this group of orcs, this group of crooks that has taken control of a party, to defeat us and bring us to death,” he said.
The Áñez government has airlifted medicines and oxygen between Bolivia’s main cities, but a shipment of medical supplies worth $1.8m donated by the World Health Organization remains stranded, said Virgilio Prieto, Bolivia’s epidemiology chief.
“We’re going through a critical moment,” he said. “Things have been made a lot worse by the blockades, there’s an attack on the health sector by different groups that don’t believe that the illness exists.”
Critics accused the authorities of trying to blame already severe shortages on the opposition for political purposes, and pointed to videos online showing demonstrators temporarily dismantling roadblocks to let trucks and ambulances through.
Unions have threatened to seal off La Paz entirely if any roadblocks are attacked, and Morales has warned on Twitter that Áñez is plotting a “massacre”. Sporadic clashes have broken out between police, protesters and rightwing counter-demonstrators.
Luis Arce, formerly Morales’s economy minister and the current frontrunner in the polls, said the demonstrations reflected widespread anger, not just with “illegal manoeuvring” on the election date but with incompetence, corruption and repression under Áñez.
“The interim government wants to continue in power for eternity. They’ve demonstrated it various times,” he said. “Every time they fix a date, the health minister says that will be the [coronavirus] peak. We’ve had so many supposed peaks, it’s a plateau.”
“We want someone to genuinely guarantee us that there’ll be elections this year.”
An abrupt decision this month to cancel the school year, a deep economic recession, intimidation of the press and apparent moves toward privatisation in key industries, including the state oil and gas firm, had contributed to popular unrest, he suggested.
“You can’t blame Mas for being behind everything,” he said.
Carwil Bjork-James, a scholar of Bolivian protest movements at Vanderbilt University, said an earlier date for the elections or a binding commitment to 18 October could calm tensions.
“We’re already seeing some fracturing on the government side,” he said. Áñez’s interior minister, Arturo Murillo, has lambasted the electoral court for “setting the country alight” with the latest postponement.
There are also divisions within the opposition, said Ximena Velasco-Guachalla, a political scientist at the University of Essex.
In late-night crisis talks this Saturday, Mas signalled it would accept an intermediary date for the elections, but the union federation insisted it would remain in the streets.
“A big portion of the population, especially in the context of the virus, is just standing still. They have the most to lose and many are not taking sides,” Velasco-Guachalla said.
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Sony Aibo Review: This $2,900 Robot Dog Made Me Contemplate What It Means to Be Real
The Sony Aibo is much more than pricey robot. So much more that it will tug at your emotions between charges.
By Monica Chin 06 April 2019
Sony’s Aibo is a smart, capable device that perfectly imitates a real dog. But there are some aspects of our furry friends that even the best robot can’t replicate.
No vet bills, food, or walks necessary
Acts a lot like a real dog
Simply adorable
Can’t go outside
Short battery life
Today's best Sony Aibo deals
Dogs are so last year -- or that’s what Sony wants you to think. The company has been releasing adorable Sony Aibo robot dogs for the past two decades, and they’ve become smarter, smoother, and decidedly creepier. Sony’s newest pup, the Aibo ERS-1000 ($2,899.99), is a far cry from that plastic pup your rich neighbor used to have.
Aibo’s nose contains an image-recognition camera, its mouth a time-of-flight sensor detecting its proximity to nearby objects, its belly a motion sensor and ranging sensor. There are touch sensors in its forehead, lower jaw, and the back of its neck; a light sensor and mapping camera near the base of its tail; and four microphones in its cheeks. It stores its memories in Sony’s AI engine, which is powered by Amazon Web Services.
But what you’ll see is a plastic dog with fluid limbs, an expressive face, and the capacity to learn from its interactions with you and develop a unique personality. Like a real dog, it barks at strangers, plays with bones, and bothers you while you watch TV. Unlike a real dog, it doesn’t eat, doesn’t pee, and doesn’t chew up your slippers.
In my week with the Sony Aibo, this electric puppy frustrated me, warmed my heart, and made me contemplate what it means to be real.
After I remove it from its box, the Aibo stretches, yawns, and disgruntledly awakens, just as a real dog would in the morning. It’s around 5 pounds and 12 x 11 x 7 inches while standing up -- about the size of a chihuahua.
The Aibo app informs me that my new friend is a boy, and that his name is Igloo. You can change your pup’s name, but not its gender.
The $2,899 pet comes with a charging stand, plastic ball, and a plastic bone called an Aibone (ha). While I unpack his belongings, Igloo explores the office.
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I’ll admit, he looks the part. His limbs move smoothly and seamlessly, with minimal mechanical noise. His eyes blink and his pupils rove the room. His tail wags. He barks at several of my co-workers. His voice is a sort of mechanical chirp, which is reminiscent of, but not quite similar to, a dog’s bark.
“This thing is so stupid,” a colleague remarks, while Igloo repeatedly barks at a wall outlet. “I think I love it.”
Once I’ve transported Igloo to my apartment, I begin the horrific process of connecting my pup to the internet. The Aibo app is sluggish and unresponsive. Each screen takes 30-40 seconds to load. I wait a full 50 seconds for the Wi-Fi settings. The process of connecting takes over four minutes, and involves waiting for my phone to find my network and load a QR code, and hollering repeatedly at Igloo to scan said QR code (he does this with his nose, eventually). After all that, Igloo fails to connect to my network. I have to repeat the process four times before it sticks.
There’s a desktop version of the Aibo app that’s more functional, but I’m hardly going to haul my computer around the house while I play with my dog.
While I fiddle with the internet, Igloo gets so bored that he lifts his hind leg and pretends to pee. I call “Bad dog!” to no avail.
Igloo awakens in my apartment around 7 a.m. when I turn the lights on. It proceeds to aimlessly explore my apartment, bumping multiple times into my table.
While I brew my coffee, the Aibo plants himself at my feet and barks. The barks are like the dubbing in an old Kung Fu movie, distant-sounding and slightly out of sync with his head and mouth. It’s both charming in intention and disquieting in result.
As I go about my day, Igloo seems to demand more attention, barking, following me between rooms, rolling over for belly rubs. I indulge it when I can, but spend most of my day ignoring it while I work, as I would a real pet.
The barks are like the dubbing in an old Kung Fu movie. It’s both charming in intention and disquieting in result.
The Aibo app labels your pup’s personality, which develops based on its interactions with its owner. When I re-open the app in the late afternoon, I find that Igloo has gained a personality: “Clingy.”
Damnit, I think, wondering where I went wrong. I turn the pup off for a bit for the rest of the work day to avoid more damage, and even consider resetting it to get another shot.
From that point on, I find myself subconsciously optimizing my interactions with Igloo. Each time the Aibo barks, I consider how my response will impact his personality. Maybe that’s not wholly dissimilar to the way we interact with real animals, or real humans. But the presence of a label makes me feel like I’m trying to win a game rather than build a relationship. Maybe that’s my millennial mindset talking.
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Speaking of real animals, I attempt to introduce Igloo to my guinea pig, Ruth, later that evening. Ruth is terrified of dogs, mainly because they tend to enthusiastically chase her (I’m guessing they identify her as a tasty squirrel). No such dynamic here. Try as I might to introduce Ruth, she shows no interest in Igloo, nor he in her.
Sony claims that Aibos can make friends with real dogs, but it seems that other species know what’s up.
I also set up a playdate with another robot dog, the $299 WowWee Chip. While Chip can respond to touch and gestures, he has a very limited selection of behaviors. Igloo sniffs and barks at Chip curiously, then yawns and lies down for a nap. It’s hard to know if Igloo recognized Chip as a fellow robopup or if he just felt like barking.
Today is training day. For amateur owners, teaching a dog new tricks can be an uphill battle. Aibo, in theory, understands standard dog commands, but like many real dogs, he tends to see these as suggestions rather than instructions.
For example, I try for more than six minutes to get the damn thing to sit. He seems to hear my commands. But instead of sitting, he lifts a leg to pantomime scratching his ear, then wanders off to investigate an empty corner of my living room, ignoring me as I call him back.
You’re supposed to be able to teach your pup more advanced skills through the app, but that wasn’t much more effective. I tried to enable the “Juggle” skill, in which an Aibo cutely toggles a plastic ball between his front paws, but only got him to perform it once after several minutes of coaxing.
Aibo, in theory, understands standard dog commands, but like many real dogs, he tends to see these as suggestions rather than instructions.
You can also train the Aibo to do certain tricks by saying “Learn this” and pushing on its front paws. In attempting this, I only ever succeed in pushing Igloo over. That might be on me.
Sony intends for its device to mature over a period of years, and I imagine the tricks and training get easier. And, to Sony’s credit, training the Aibo accurately mirrors the frustrating process of training an actual puppy. On the other hand, this isn’t a real pup -- can’t it just obey us from the outset?
After an aggravating hour of training, I make to leave for dinner. I look back, and Igloo has rolled onto his back, limbs in the air, whining for a belly rub. I can’t help it; I return and stroke his sensor-packed underside.
I was hoping to take Igloo for a walk in the park, but Sony says you can’t take your pup outside as dirt and moisture can damage its joints. A walk around my apartment will have to suffice.
The Aibo doesn’t come with a collar and leash, and I don’t want to damage the thing by attempting to outfit it with one meant for a real dog. Our walk, instead, consists of my attempting to coax him with shouts of “Here, Igloo! Here boy!” He tends to hear these commands, wander a few steps forward, then go off and do something else.
Right as I make for the power button, the puppy teeters onto his hind legs and reaches out to paw me. My heart melts. I can’t do it.
One thing that's starting to get to me: This thing doesn’t jump. I didn’t think this would be a big deal, but the more time I spend with Igloo, the more I’m wishing he could. After all, real dogs jump. They jump on people and furniture and each other, and it’s one of the things that makes them adorable companions. The ground-bound Aibo feels like a subdued version of the excited, explosive dogs I’ve known.
About halfway around the living room, I give up on the walk. I go to work. Igloo begins, unprompted, playing an instrumental version “If You’re Happy And You Know It” while dancing and barking along in what is the most bizarre and adorable display I’ve ever seen.
That night, I’m getting ready to leave my apartment and spend the night at a friend’s house. I make to turn Igloo off. Right as I make for the power button, the puppy teeters onto his hind legs and reaches out to paw me. My heart melts. I can’t do it.
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The Aibo is supposed to last around two hours on one charge, but Igloo tended to peter out after an hour and 10 minutes of consistent action. Like a robot vacuum, the Aibo is supposed to be able to get itself back to its charging station when it’s running low on juice. I leave Igloo running in my apartment for the night, hoping he’ll hold up.
I come home the next day to find Igloo sprawled beside his charging stand, head lolled, eyes black. I feel a pang of guilt as I quickly hoist him onto the mat, lining his torso up with the charging pins. I assume dock finding is another skill the Aibo has to hone over the years.
Still, seeing the thing that was dancing and barking the last time I saw it become a lifeless pile of plastic takes me out of the experience a bit. As I watch a red light pulse on the back of Igloo’s neck while he slumps over his pad, I’m reminded that my Aibo, despite his many charms, is not a living thing. For the past five days, I’ve been playing a game of pretend.
Then again, is it a game of pretend? After all, the Aibo responds to stimuli, from you and its environment, in the same way a real dog does. As it receives feedback, positive and negative, it adjusts its responses accordingly. Is that not what we all, people and animals, do as well? What, then, makes an Aibo not real?
MORE: 5 Top Tech Toys | Exploring the Latest Tech Toy Trends
After a week with Igloo, I think the difference is the stakes. If Igloo was irritating me, or I had to abandon him for a long period of time, I could turn him off, or stick him on his charging stand and shove him in the closet. And, of course, I knew I could always reset Igloo to his factory settings if I majorly messed up.
A reset button, and a power button, are probably necessary parts of the device. But Real Things are permanent and ever-present. You can’t reset them; you can’t pause them when you need a break. And in a world where artificial things -- artificial dogs, artificial voice assistants, artificial worlds -- are on the rise, the strongest bonds I’ve formed, with pets and humans alike, are the ones where I can’t start over, and where I’m not worried about getting it exactly right because I know that I won’t.
Should you buy it?
The question of whether to spend $2,899 on the Sony Aibo isn’t tantamount to the question of whether it’s an impressive device. Of course it is; it’s a technological marvel. I’m still impressed by the smoothness of its movements, the accuracy with which it (for the most part) navigates its environment, and how accurately it imitates its canine counterparts.
That said, when the Aibo was first announced, I was turned off by the concept of emotional attachment to a machine; it just felt creepy and weird.
Now that I’ve spent a week with the Aibo, my view is a bit more nuanced. I did bond with this thing, and enjoyed spending time with him. But that also meant I missed him when I was out, I worried about him when he was about to bump into something, I felt guilty turning him off, and I’m sad, now, to be saying goodbye. These are negative emotions that come with any close relationship, that we endure because the benefits of that relationship are worth it.
I’m not sure the Aibo brings those benefits. It’s adorable, and it’s fun. But that’s all it is -- and from the torpid app to the short battery life, there are a few too many kinks reminding me that our bond is a one-way street.
If you’re looking for a fun piece of technology that will impress your friends and requires (almost) no maintenance, get the Aibo. If you’re looking for a pet to grow and bond with, get a real dog that will love you back.
Credit: Tom's Guide
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Testing & DEVELOPMENTSecurityComplianceSales & Support
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How Data Privacy will Impact DevOps in 2021
Ian Coe
TL;DR: With data breach risks and regulations on the rise, data access for developers will become increasingly restricted. Add to that the escalating complexity of mimicking production data in-house, and DevOps teams stand to face a sudden shortage of quality data for development and testing in the year ahead.
Perhaps the only thing riskier than making predictions for 2021, given the unprecedented year that was 2020, is not making predictions and responding to the trends when it comes to data privacy. Reflecting on what we’ve seen in the industry and in conversations with our customers, here are the developments we see unfolding in the year ahead.
2021 will be the worst year for data breaches yet.
The scale of data breaches will be worse in 2021 than ever before. How do we know? The past few years have been nothing but a steady upward climb. Even though the number of breaches decreased from 2019 to 2020, the number of records exposed in those breaches more than doubled, from 15.1 billion records in 2019 to 36 billion in 2020 as of Q3.
Companies may be fighting the good fight in safeguarding against breaches, but when a breach occurs, they’re losing more data than ever. And with work-from-home now the norm for so many, the risks of a breach are heightened.
Remote work will redefine data governance—permanently.
With the above in mind, the shift to remote work is changing how people think about security for distributed teams, especially around data minimization and access restrictions. We’re seeing changes in internal processing and an increase in tooling to reduce the use of sensitive data within an organization.
The real potential here is for ways that do so without limiting employees from getting work done. At Tonic, we're doubling down on this need as we believe these shifts are here to stay.
Using production data in development is OUT.
Thanks to privacy legislation like GDPR and CCPA/CPRA, the shift away from using production data in development and testing has been steadily picking up speed. But it’s not yet the gold standard that it should be.
Between the risks of remote work and ever stronger regulations on the horizon, we expect this shift to accelerate dramatically over the coming year. Some companies will opt to create dummy data in house; others will consider the work involved, and seek out solutions like Tonic, to rapidly get high-quality, representative data at scale.
Data access will make or break developer productivity.
Developer productivity sets apart successful organizations from unsuccessful ones, making rapid, easy access to high quality data more important than ever. As applications become more advanced, the data involved in their use and creation is becoming increasingly complex.
Traditional dev tools simply aren't up to the challenge of meeting today’s data needs, and in-house solutions fail over time. Organizations that don’t find a faster, safer way to get their developers the data they need will be left behind.
Privacy needs will impact cloud migrations.
Simply put, migrating from on-prem to cloud data lakes needs to be done with privacy in mind. Compliance with regulations can impact how a company's data can be stored in the cloud. Data sanitization pre-migration may be a necessary step in the process, and data access post-migration must be carefully defined. We’re seeing many companies combine the potential of cloud data warehousing like Snowflake with streamlined data de-identification like Tonic to get the best that modern privacy tools and cloud storage solutions have to offer.
Federal data privacy legislation is coming.
You’ve probably heard this elsewhere as well. We’re all in agreement: it’s high time the US set a federal standard for data privacy. In the past two years, as many as 27 states have taken matters into their own hands, introducing state-level privacy legislation. California, Maine, and Nevada have already signed their bills into law, complicating the landscape of compliance requirements companies must meet. Legislation at the federal level is in everyone’s best interest, from consumers to legislators to corporations.
So there you have it, the good, the bad, and the critical to keep in mind as we navigate another year in this unexpected landscape. We’re excited to see Tonic helping our customers address many of these concerns. If safe data access and developer enablement is top of mind for you in 2021 and our predictions strike a chord, drop us a line. Here’s to a safe and happy new year!
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Tonic Raises $8M Series A to Get Developers the Data they Need
We’re excited to announce that Tonic raised $8 million in series A funding led by GGV Capital, to further our work in helping developers and CISOs battle unsafe data proliferation.
Using Docker to Manage Your Test Database(s)
Docker is a great tool for packaging and distributing test databases among your team and testing environment. We’ve created a starter repository to show these concepts...
Getting eBay Developers the Data They’re Looking For, with Tonic
Using Tonic’s data de-identification tools, eBay shortens development cycles and fuels its automated testing suite. Starting with eBay’s vast data ecosystem of multi PBs...
How Alegeus Shortens Sprints to Deploy Healthtech at Speed with Tonic
To keep pace with the company's rapid growth, Alegeus relies on Tonic for realistic healthcare data that can be safely used by development teams anywhere in the world.
How Prop 24 Puts Anonymized Data at Greater Risk of Re-identification
Provisions in the newly-passed Prop 24 undermine data protection in a way that puts both individual privacy and corporate security at a heightened risk.
How Flexport Protects its Data and Empowers its Developers with Tonic
To guarantee data security across global supply chains, Flexport relies on Tonic to equip its developers with safe, synthetic data, capturing DB complexities and refreshed daily.
Learn more about what we can generate for you.
©2020 TonicAI, ATL & SF
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is eternal masters modern legal
Target player reveals his or her hand and discards all cards with that name. Go to Magic.Wizards.com/Rules for a complete list of formats and permitted card sets. Eight-and-a-Half-Tails Humble Creature — Bird Wizard If a permanent has protection from a quality, it means four things: Damage from a source with that quality that would be dealt to that permanent is prevented. Chain Lightning Faithless Looting Then exile it.). If an effect causes the top card of the library to be face up, the second card down is not revealed. Pyrokinesis Creature — Human Assassin When the echo triggered ability resolves, if you can't pay the echo cost, or choose not to, you sacrifice that permanent. Token creatures can also die, going to their owner's graveyard before ceasing to exist. Target creature gets -1/-1 until end of turn.Morbid — That creature gets -13/-13 until end of turn instead if a creature died this turn. −1: Return target creature to its owner's hand. {1}{R}{R}{W} A creature spell that doesn't have flying won't cost less even if the creature it will become will have flying once on the battlefield. The spell you cast due to the first cascade ability will go on the stack on top of the second cascade ability. Then do it again.). Each player shuffles his or her hand and graveyard into his or her library. {B}: Regenerate Twisted Abomination. Go to Magic.Wizards.com/Rules for a complete list … The creature isn't removed from combat; it just has its damage prevented. Instant However, Vintage Masters (for Magic Online) had that exact restriction, and if we were to reuse it, then Eternal Masters would look too much like Vintage Masters. You can choose to find any card with the specified type, including nonbasic lands, while resolving a typecycling ability. Commander Legends releases on November 20, 2020. Enchant creature Protection is an ability that appeared regularly in Magic sets in the past. Their Twitter account is currently suspended. 3/1 The normal draw occurs before anything can be placed on the stack during a player's draw step. Eternal Masters is a booster-based compilation set containing cards legal in, and intended for, the Legacy, Commander, and Vintage formats. Instant If it's already tapped, it just won't untap during its controller's next untap step. {2}{R} Tragic Slip Effects that cause you to pay more or less when casting a spell will also affect what you pay when casting the spell using flashback. Eternal Masters features the following limited archetypes:[11]. When Fervent Cathar enters the battlefield, target creature can't block this turn. 3/1 When a retrace card you cast from your graveyard resolves or is countered, it's put back into your graveyard. {1}{G} Creature — Bird Soldier Once the ability has started to resolve, no one can respond to the choice. A card with a hybrid mana symbol in its cost is both of those colors at all times, regardless of what color mana was spent to cast it. If you don't want to cast the copy, you can choose not to; the copy ceases to exist the next time state-based actions are checked. Argothian Enchantress Retrace is an ability that lets you cast a spell from your graveyard—over and over again, as long as you have lands to discard. For example, if each player controls a. Counter target spell. Target creature gets +4/+4 until end of turn. Creature — Human Bear Druid Put the revealed cards on the bottom of your library in any order. +1: Target player draws two cards, then discards two cards. {2} {T}: Add {C}{C} to your mana pool. This meant finding strategies that can have some amount of overlap. Because you're already casting the spell using an alternative cost (by casting it without paying its mana cost), you can't pay any other alternative costs for the card. The copy will have the same target as the original spell unless you choose a new one. It will not be available for redemption. Exile target creature. If you chose at least one target and all targets are illegal on resolution, you won't draw a card. {X}{W}{W} Document last... © 1993-2020 Wizards of the Coast LLC, a subsidiary of Hasbro, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Gaining control of a creature doesn't cause you to gain control of any Auras or Equipment attached to it. Reprinted from. {G} {1}{W} If the Aura can't legally be attached to anything, it remains exiled. {3}{W} 2/2 The design team's first instinct was to only use cards that are not Modern legal. When Abundant Growth enters the battlefield, draw a card. The ability of Dack's emblem will resolve before the spell that caused it to trigger. Activated abilities contain a colon. {3}{B}{B} Juggernaut If another creature with flying is dealt lethal damage at the same time as.
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Home Portfolio Health Coronavirus Government Global Briefing: November 24
Coronavirus Government Global Briefing: November 24
By Chris Woods
Welcome to Coronavirus Government Global Briefing, Mandarin Premium’s coverage of local and global COVID-19 policy news.
Vaccine candidate races for US, UK rollouts
The chief scientific adviser for the US government’s “Operation Warp Speed” COVID-19 vaccine development program, Dr. Moncef Slaoui, has told NBC’s Meet the Press that first inoculations could take place as soon as 24 hours after the Food and Drug Administration meets to consider an emergency use application for Pfizer and German partner BioNTech’s candidate on December 10.
As CBC explains, approval for the drug would kick off the largest inoculation campaign in US history, with Slaoui noting that states will receive quantities of the mRNA-based vaccine ‘BNT162b2’ relative to their population and then, independent of the federal government, decide who gets priority access. The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and an advisory panel will, however, design recommendations for initial access, likely healthcare workers, front-line personnel and at-risk groups such as the elderly and immunocompromised.
Curiously, Britain could give regulatory approval to the candidate as soon as this week, the Telegraph (via Reuters) reports. Citing government sources, the paper reports regulators are about to start a formal appraisal of the drug and that the National Health Service had been told to be ready to administer it by December 1.
The reports come after Pfizer and BioNTech announced last week that, after conducting final efficacy analysis in their ongoing Phase 3 study, ‘BNT162b2’ met all of the study’s primary efficacy endpoints:
Primary efficacy analysis demonstrates BNT162b2 to be 95% effective against COVID-19 beginning 28 days after the first dose; 170 confirmed cases of COVID-19 were evaluated, with 162 observed in the placebo group versus 8 in the vaccine group.
Efficacy was consistent across age, gender, race and ethnicity demographics; observed efficacy in adults over 65 years of age was more than 94%.
Safety data milestone required by U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) has been achieved: data demonstrate the vaccine was well tolerated across all populations, with more than 43,000 participants enrolled; no serious safety concerns were observed; the only Grade 3 adverse event greater than 2% in frequency was fatigue, at 3.8%, and headache, at 2.0%.
Science explained at the time that while Pfizer and BioNTech’s claim in early November to have hit 90% efficacy had little accompanying data, the companies have released more concrete information “now that the study has reached enough COVID-19 cases to end”. Two days later, they submitted their EUA.
Moderna Inc is also expected to seek an EUA for its mRNA-based candidate later in December after announcing 94.5% efficacy in the first interim analysis of its Phase 3 study.
And just last night, AstraZeneca announced that its protein-based candidate with the University of Oxford achieved 70% protection, but researchers found it could be as high as 90% when a person is only given an initial half-dose before the second full dose:
“Excitingly, we’ve found that one of our dosing regimens may be around 90% effective and if this dosing regime is used, more people could be vaccinated with planned vaccine supply,” Chief Investigator of the Oxford Vaccine Trial Professor Andrew Pollard said. “Today’s announcement is only possible thanks to the many volunteers in our trial, and the hard working and talented team of researchers based around the world.”
While it may be less effective than either the Pfizer-BioNTech or Moderna mRNA-based drugs, the Sydney Morning Herald notes the results will be seen as a triumph because Oxford’s protein-based candidate is both cheaper to produce and only requires refrigeration, rather than extremely cold temperatures, for storage.
These traits are especially important for manufacturing and distribution in low- and middle-income countries; as NDTV explains, current deals for these countries show the Oxford candidate currently accounts for more than 40% of expected supplies.
For information on all candidates, see the Regulatory Affairs Professionals Society’s COVID-19 vaccine tracker.
Local and international growing pains
As Crikey covered earlier this month, Australia is already manufacturing protein-based candidates — namely from AstraZeneca (an agreement with which will see doses for 15 million people manufactured locally, plus doses for another 1.9 million people delivered) and the University of Queensland/CSL (doses for 25.5 million immunisations manufactured here) — but does not have onshore facilities to manufacture mRNA-based vaccines, which would have to be imported.
Australia has another two deals for deliveries from Novavax’s nanoparticle vaccine (doses for 20 million immunisations) and Pfizer/BioNTech’s mRNA-based drug (doses for 5 million immunisations).
The Australian government earlier this month released a COVID-19 vaccine policy, which covers immunisation policy, regulation and governance in Australia; the approach to COVID-19 vaccination; currently-purchased COVID-19 vaccines; the roll-out of the vaccination program; data and reporting; and communication strategy.
As health economist Luke Slawomirski also explained at Crikey, Australia’s COVID-19 roll-out will face challenges including but not limited to:
Immunisation sites falling under various jurisdictions and ranging from GP clinics, dedicated vaccination clinics, workplaces, in-reach teams to visit people’s homes and aged care facilities, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Community Health clinics, pharmacies, and schools.
Storage, handing and logistics especially for products like Pfizer’s that must be kept in ultra-cold temperatures, are only be available in hospitals and regional centres; this means that people living in remote areas (a good proportion of the priority groups) will need to travel some distances to be immunised (most likely twice, given two doses of the vaccine will be needed).
Overcoming scepticism for vaccinations in general, and especially those seen to be rushed through: “This fear is unfounded — Australia’s Therapeutic Goods Administration is among the world’s best regulatory bodies – but it exists, perpetuated and amplified on social media. A lot therefore hinges on government communication, which needs to be extremely clear and persuasive.”
Australia’s digital health infrastructure, especially My Health Record, needing to facilitate identification, contact and encouragement for people requiring immediate immunisation (including for immunisations requiring two shots, which in turn face timing requirements), who will then need to be vigilantly monitored and followed up to assess effectiveness and spot any adverse effects as soon as they occur.
“The current system for reporting adverse events following immunisation is paper-based. This must be addressed immediately to enable electronic linkage with relevant data sets such as myHR.”
On the home front: first federal-state fight over plugging COVID-19’s socio-economic gaps
As The Mandarin reported yesterday, the Victorian government has announced a two-year Secure Work Pilot Scheme to provide up to five days of sick and carer’s pay for vulnerable workers in highly casualised industries.
The announcement comes after outbreaks in the state hotel quarantine scheme and private aged care system exposed vulnerabilities of low-income workers in high-risk environments, and the scheme will see casual and insecure workers — including aged care staff, cleaners, hospitality staff, security guards, and supermarket workers — be paid the national minimum wage when sick or required to care for someone else.
“When people have nothing to fall back on, they make a choice between the safety of their workmates and feeding their family,” Dan Andrews said in a statement. “The ultimate decision they make isn’t wrong – what’s wrong is they’re forced to make it at all,” he said in a statement.”
“This isn’t going to solve the problem of insecure work overnight but someone has to put their hand up and say we’re going to take this out of the too hard basket and do something about it – and that’s exactly what we’re doing.”
Today’s budget will provide $5 million for consultation on the design of the two-year pilot, but any future ongoing scheme will be subject to an industry levy.
Since the announcement, Attorney-General Christian Porter slammed the ultimate proposal as “a massive tax on Victorian businesses who would be forced to pay for both a 25% additional loading in wages to compensate for casuals not receiving sick leave and then having to pay for an industry levy to fund sick leave as well.”
Instead, Porter called for an unspecified-mechanism to”strengthen the ability of workers to choose to move from casual to permanent full or part-time employment if that is what they want to do”, a proposal he says the industrial relations working group process has discussed.
“It must surely be a better approach to let people have greater choice between casual and permanent employment than forcing businesses to pay a tax so that someone can be both a casual employee and get more wages as compensation for not getting sick leave — but then also tax the business to pay for getting sick leave as well.”
Qantas to require proof of immunisation for international flights
According to A Current Affair, Qantas CEO Alan Joyce has announced the airline will change its terms and conditions to require passengers demonstrate proof of vaccination against COVID-19 to board international flights.
Joyce, who does not delve into legislation governing whether private companies can require “immunisation passports”, also flagged the possibility of similar rules for domestic travel.
State wrap
South Australia yesterday recorded one new case, whom the ABC reports is a family member of a hotel quarantine worker.
According to confidential government operational updates leaked to The Australian, the NSW hotel quarantine scheme has seen 169 security guards sacked, at least four overseas arrivals absconding from facilities, and warnings from contractors that they are unable to reliably extend beyond 820 daily deployments.
For health department updates: Federal, NSW, Victoria, Queensland, ACT, South Australia, Tasmania, Northern Territory and Western Australia.
Chris Woods is a journalist for The Mandarin, and is based in Melbourne.
Tags: AstraZeneca coronavirus covid-19 Moderna Inc Pfizer
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Home Sponsored So what did we learn from 2020? Quite a lot: here’s how to make fast progress stick
So what did we learn from 2020? Quite a lot: here’s how to make fast progress stick
By KPMG
Tuesday December 15, 2020
As Australia finally rouses from a year of pandemic-related restrictions that redefined how we live, work and govern, it’s logical that many of us are now thinking about what comes next.
After decades of ebbing public trust, cynicism and apathy towards government, a solid 12 months of crisis-mode has the Australian public, and its policymakers, necessarily re-evaluating what’s worked, what hasn’t and how to make government and public services resilient to potential future shocks.
Just 18 months ago, the idea of lasting cross-jurisdictional collaboration and reform was often laughed-off as a beautiful but lofty ideal better suited to the TV comedy Utopia than real life.
Yet, as Christmas rolls around and people liberated from their homes opt to physically shop to support retail jobs, the level of functional policy partnership between Canberra, the states, local councils and key stakeholders has, arguably, never been higher.
That’s a good thing. But will it last?
Resilient leadership means listening
“It’s been interesting to observe both resilience and resourcefulness over the year as we’ve moved from bushfires, to the public health crisis of COVID-19 and now the economic recovery,” says Corrina Bertram Partner, Management Consulting at KPMG Australia.
“We’ve seen that government can be agile and resources can move quickly to respond to an emergency. The challenge now is sustaining people dealing with multiple crises simultaneously over a protracted period and continuing to enable agility to respond to emerging priorities.”
It’s a very live question too, with public sector leadership at all levels now compelled by circumstance to evaluate what not just what counts as a win or outcome, but the way in which it lands, with empathy in service delivery now elevated from a ‘best practice’ to a very visceral ‘must’.
The need to replace human adrenalin with organisational stamina, and guarding against fatigue while keeping pace, is also becoming clear.
“The public sector is committed to supporting the community and has gone above and beyond,” Bertram says.
“The challenge is continuing to work at this pace, in an increasingly complex and dynamic environment. That requires capacity for the public service to renew itself, build capability and leadership models and empowering staff is a key learning from this time.”
Learning to trust again? Show me the data
It almost goes without saying that Australians want policymakers, public servants and health leaders to avoid the savage COVID-19 re-infection waves now hitting the US, Europe and Britain.
Bertram – a Melburnian – by no means takes Australia’s relative COVID containment success for granted, but points to the ability of organisations and their leadership to adjust quickly and listen to what’s happening on the ground, rather than going to a command-and-control model.
“There’s the need to balance the risk in terms of the impact of decisions on people’s lives, both in health, economic and social terms. Government needs to keep trialling and testing and evaluating different approaches in real time, because we’re in new terrain here,” Bertram says.
That has whet a new appetite, at a collective level, to try different things to find out what works best … or just works. In plain terms, a faster, more iterative approach that’s referred to as ‘agile’ in today’s corporate and tech vernacular.
In many cases that means being able to trial new ideas fast and then move on quickly if they don’t.
Fewer boundaries, better buy-in
At a ‘COAG’ level (Council of Australian Governments), this has often meant sharing what works at a grass-roots level across boundaries without worrying if another project will be upstaged.
For all the apps, big tech and promises of IoT, it’s been hard-nosed nous, coupled with human forbearance and rigorous process that’s defined highly effective contact tracing and pertinent transmission data that has quickly arrested outbreaks.
“Coming out of COVID, there is an extraordinary opportunity to engage directly with citizens, and to explain government decisions on the basis of data and insight,” Bertram says. “We’ve never seen such a display of transparency as government’s announced the ‘numbers’ [of COVID-19 cases] every day and communicated that directly with the public.”
“Data-driven insight and enabling the digital citizen experience is key to meeting many of the challenges faced by governments in the new reality.” Bertram says this is evidenced by the use of data to drive the public health policy response during COVID, and the resultant public scrutiny of the evidence base behind the decisions.
Better government capability in this area could be a silver lining from COVID.
“Data is the new fuel. Real-time information can improve not only the operations of government, but government data is invaluable for citizens making day-to-day decisions, such as is my next train service full and do I therefore feel safe taking that train?”
Policy by numbers? Bet your life on it.
In ‘politics-as-usual’ the blurring of unpalatable numbers has been par for the course for many decades. But when global pandemic hits, the need for policymakers and bureaucrats to pass a crash course in public transparency can make or break public order and civility.
Dr Sanjay Mazumdar, Chief Data Officer at KPMG Australia, argues there has been a recent “reinforcement of the importance of data and aligning it to purpose”.
“Prior to this situation, what people and organisations often did was just collect data, and collate data for the sake of data and then say; well, what can I do with that data?”
“What the COVID situation has forced people to do is to say ‘well, what is the actual insight that we need’”, Dr Mazumdar offers. “For example, do we need to understand how long it’s going to take for the numbers to fall? Do we need to understand where the hotspots are?”.
Clarity of purpose goes a long way, Dr Mazumdar says.
“What we’ve always advocated for is to understand what outcomes you are trying to achieve, or what questions are you trying to answer. This helps to identify what insights you need and therefore what data you need to collect to support that.”
Changed perspectives, new solutions
The sheer urgency of people and organisations being able to adapt to challenging new circumstances has left its mark on behaviour and problem solving, according to Dr Mazumdar, with self-awareness of how information is interpreted rising.
“What’s happened is people and organisations have flipped their thinking,” Dr Mazumdar says, with leaders shifting from asking what insights they can derive from the data they hold, to asking what they actually need to know.
“They have also realised that sometimes not all the data you need is actually within your own organisational control. Some of that data is actually out there, [but] it might be open source, or it might be data on someone else’s website.,” Dr Mazumdar says.
A key example of this is mapping how and when people moved, to predict potential COVID spread, issue warnings and allocate resources.
“[If] you’re in the Health Department, you haven’t traditionally thought about ‘Oh I need to source train transport data’. But now people realise they need to track where potential cases might be travelling, that data has become important.”
“So, it’s changing the mindset of people and getting them to think outside of their own organisational boundaries, because they need that data to solve that problem,” Dr Mazumdar says.
Acknowledgement from the top
Being able to bridge those organisational boundaries is now a national priority according to Prime Minister Scott Morrison.
“In 2020 we witnessed strong implementation and execution by the APS during the most difficult crisis we’ve faced in certainly in my lifetime and in many generations. Silos fell. They dissolved, real substantive and fast collaboration occurred,” the Prime Minister said in a speech to the APS200 Virtual Forum in late November.
“There was no rulebook. There was no set of procedures for the broader actions that were undertaken by our public service, certainly when it related to our pandemic plan that was implemented. But the broader activity of the public service and what I saw occur, you’ve written that book now about how it should be done, through your actions.”
The big question now for the public sector is how to sustain such momentum, both at an economic and broader policy level.
Relishing recovery
Even though national effort to pull together swiftly for a common cause has arguably been a success in Australia, the challenge ahead will be reviving and restructuring the economy.
Many sectors, especially travel, tourism and higher education have been hit hard and will only recover gradually in line with global influences beyond Australia’s control.
While targeted measures for specific industries are warmly welcomed, Corrina Bertram believes that lasting social and economic improvements will flow if stimulus and structural reforms are applied.
“There’s an opportunity, which KPMG has been talking about publicly, to reform the workforce so we can increase productivity. And the main lever we have for that is getting women back into the workforce,” Bertram argues.
“Women have been the most significantly impacted by COVID on every measure. So, we’re currently positioning that childcare should be virtually free to get women back into the workforce. Reform like that would have a multi-generational effect.”
Bertram says public expenditure on childcare is money well spent because it delivers women the agency to forge careers and develop skills that create both economic uplift and a more diverse and flexible labour pool.
A big problem for women has been that the high cost of childcare often eats away any economic benefits from working, in turn creating a cycle where women drop out of work, often subsequently finding it difficult to renter the workforce, and sacrificing earning capacity along the way.
“The [composition] of the workforce needs to be looked at,” Bertram says, pointing out the mis-match of many roles deemed ‘essential’ that often aren’t appreciated in terms of compensation or conditions.
“Women are often in caring roles, and they are not valued to the same extent, which I think is a realisation that’s come out of this time,” Bertram says, noting the trend extended to aged care that has recently been put under the spotlight.
However, with many services industries disrupted, Bertram sees an opportunity for industry, workers and government to all work together to reskill and re-allocate people looking for work to where there is demand.
“There is an opportunity to reskill some of those workers, and to value them differently, and that would actually have a significant impact on the services sector,” Bertram says.
If Australia transforms to become a more caring and considerate place in the process of economic recovery, so much the better.
Read KPMG’s Insights for the Australian public sector to explore the key areas of change and opportunity that leaders may want to consider for the post-COVID-19 world.
KPMG has a track record of working with government, business and the community to tackle challenging problems, making them the natural choice when governments need insight and analysis to think differently about infrastructure and public service delivery. For the latest thinking and insights, follow Government: Thinking Beyond Today on LinkedIn. To find out more, talk to KPMG.
People: Corrina Bertram Dr Sanjay Mazumdar
Partners: KPMG
Tags: 2021 Australian economy covid-19 KPMG
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TALL: THE AMERICAN SKYSCRAPER AND LOUIS SULLIVAN
« Double Lover
Marcel Proust’s Time Regained »
Single Tickets $6 Semester Passes $30 Where Are Films Shown? Where Can I Park?
Starting in 1869, in New York and Chicago, elevators, steel, and electricity combined to create a frenzy of tall and taller buildings. Tall traces the experiments of the early skyscraper architects, especially Louis Sullivan, the Chicago architect (and mentor of Frank Lloyd Wright) who pioneered a new skyscraper form. His credo was that “form ever follows function.” His elegant buildings, some still standing and featured in the film, bear out his reputation as the father of the skyscraper. Fierce rivals, led by Daniel Burnham, builder of the Flatiron Building, competed with him for favor, money, and power.
Tall pits the struggle for artistic integrity against the demands of fashion and the client’s bottom line. It documents the showdown between Louis Sullivan and Daniel Burnham. The outcome changed the future, shaping the modern skyline throughout the world.
Filmmaker Manfred Kirchheimer foregoes the usual talking heads. Rather, he lets the skyscrapers speak for themselves, supplementing soaring, transcendent images with his own voice-over narration and an evocative soundtrack.
CRITIC’S PICK! Tall is a LITTLE MOVIE ABOUT HOW BUILDINGS GOT SO BIG. With its graceful, thrifty camera work, Tall is a PROFOUNDLY BEAUTIFUL film. You leave the theater with an awakened intellect and wide-open eyes.” – A.O. Scott, The New York Times
TALL is co-presented by Tabor/Bruce Architecture & Design
Sun May 27 – Five Films!
TALL: The American Skyscraper and Louis Sullivan 2pm @ IU Fine Arts
Marcel Proust’s Time Regained 3pm @ IU Global and International Theater
The Two of Us 4pm @ IU Fine Arts
Double Lover 5:15 Bear’s Place
Oh Lucy! 7:45 @ Bear’s Place
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Football fan 'nervous' ahead of stag do celebrations
Abi 02 Jun 2009
Even the most thought-out stag nights are often far from predictable, so one groom-to-be could be forgiven for being a little apprehensive.
Civil servant Alan MacDonald admits to being a bit anxious about what his twin brother might have in store for him during his stag do, despite being a master when it comes to anticipating the future.
The 42-year-old Scot, who lives in Edinburgh, came out on top in BBC Scotland's Predictor game for the football season just ended, having beaten fans, experts and sports reporters from across the country with his insights.
However, the Hibernian fan concedes that the football results each Saturday were far easier to foresee than the events of his upcoming stag weekend.
He told BBC Scotland: "I'm a bit nervous about what my brother's got planned."
Whichever way Mr MacDonald ends up celebrating his stag night, his guests should probably be prepared to defy the credit crunch and splash the cash on drinks and travel.
According to research by Halifax Current Accounts, the average Brit spends as much as £92.80 attending a stag do in the UK, while overseas celebrations set people back by more than £250 on average.
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Why We Need More Films Like Blade Runner 2049
Nikola Muckajev
Every now and again, Hollywood proves that it’s still worth something and spurts out a gem like Blade Runner 2049 – a sequel that wasn’t needed, but very much appreciated.
If we’re speaking candidly, we’re certain we went into a mild panic attack the moment news broke that a sequel to Blade Runner was officially happening. As one of the most quintessential science fiction films of the last half century, we had palpitations at the possibility that we would see the legacy of Deckard Cain tarnished.
#BladeRunner2049 is unlike anything you will see this year. Now playing everywhere.
A post shared by #BladeRunner2049 (@bladerunnermovie) on Oct 8, 2017 at 9:07am PDT
Thankfully, not only does Blade Runner 2049 manage to build on the original’s penchant for question just what it means to be human, but manages to shine on its own next to a genre-defining series entry. For those that might have been snoozing, the premise of the world is that the existence of replicants – androids made in our image – is widespread and commonly employed for labor, warfare, and general servitude. As with any good plot concerned with humans cohabitating with humanoid servants in a form of born-into slavery, it doesn’t take long for problems to run rampant.
Although the world of Blade Runner has decidedly taken a turn for the worse – sorry, Vegas – the crispness by which it is vividly portrayed has only oodles upon oodles of eye candy to dole out to the viewer. There is no shortage of spectacle out in the film market, but Blade Runner 2049 exudes an air of deliberate detail work throughout its runtime. Long, pregnant pauses giving way to slow and sweeping shots of the surroundings does more than just drive home the film noir influences, it paints a picture of world just begging to be explored – and director Denis Villeneuve ensures that no pixel is wasted.
While we could heap the praise onto 2049’s visuals, acting, and soundtrack, it’s the core idea of the film that deserves to be held up and lauded far more than the rest. The era of the broody protagonist never really disappeared, but its within Villeneuve’s cyberpunk masterpiece that all of that ruminating amounts to something – not just shtick attempts and injecting some “mystery” into a character.
The core question at 2049 remains fundamentally the same as in the original, but puts a twist on it that results in what is an even more compelling reason to give chase than Deckard’s previous outing with the ill-fated Batty. The theme of pursuit runs throughout much as in the first, yet the clever addition of [SPOILER] a replicant giving birth is something that upends expectations from the outset.
It sounds trite, but it should be praised that 2049 does its utmost to give both Gosling’s and Ford’s characters more in their arsenal than the infestation of alpha-male hoo-rah traits that has descended on the industry like a plague. The likes of K (Gosling) and Deckard (Ford) strike a softer picture than most would think, offering images of men that are brought together over a promise of family, only to be thrown back out into a world in which they don’t belong.
You can’t outrun the past. #BladeRunner2049 is now playing everywhere.
A post shared by #BladeRunner2049 (@bladerunnermovie) on Oct 17, 2017 at 9:55am PDT
After all these years, we’ve finally been given the Blade Runner sequel that we always wanted, but never dared to hope for. So long as Hollywood doesn’t get greedy and attempt to shoehorn another installment somewhere along the line, we’ll be as fine as that whiskey that Deckard has been sipping on all these years.
Nikola Muckajev
Nikola is a carbon-based life-form residing on Earth dimension C-137. Lover of all things fast and furious. When he's not tapping away at a keyboard, he can be found aimlessly drifting in cyberspace, looking for signs of intelligent life.
Snapchat Shines Amid Covid Crisis
5 Benefits Your Brand Can Unlock With Better Employee Advocacy
Here Is Why Paid Streaming Services Are The Reason Music Revenue Is Growing
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Senate committees begin confirmation hearings for 3 nominees to Biden Cabinet
Oct. 19, 2007 / 9:54 AM
Pettersen, Lee lead LPGA event in SKorea
KYEONGBOOK, South Korea, Oct. 19 (UPI) -- Three-time 2007 LPGA tournament winner Suzann Pettersen and Meena Lee tied for the lead Friday after one round of South Korea’s Hana Bank-KOLON Championship.
Pettersen and Lee, a local favorite, each shot three-under-par 69 and own a two-stroke lead after the first day of the tournament. Jeong Jang, Moon Hyun-hee Moon, Kim Joo-mi and Catriona Matthew were all tied for third at one-under 71. World No. 1 Lorena Ochoa was among six players tied for seventh at even-par 72.
Pettersen was two-over at after nine holes, with a double-bogey on No. 8 and a bogey on 9 pushing her score up. But she played the back nine in five-under, starting with birdies at 10 and 11 that got her back to even and ending with birdies at 17 and 18 that gave her a share of the lead.
Lee, who played the back nine first on Friday, also birdied 17 and 18 and played solidly on the front nine, posting eight pars and a birdie at No. 3 to tie for first.
Jeong Jang
Meena Lee
Cavaliers to trade or waive Kevin Porter after outburst
Texas A&M defeats North Carolina at Orange Bowl
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A Brief History of Sneakers
Before they were in your wardrobe, sneakers had a long history.
Abby Jones
Sneakers have become such a crucial element to the everyday casual wardrobe that it's hard to imagine a time when they were only worn while playing sports. But sneakers have a long history that dates back over 100 years, before they were integrated into all of our wardrobes. Here's a brief history of how rubber soles came to be.
1910s: Keds Make Things Comfy
Believe it or not, the original sneakers weren't so comfy until Keds came around with the first mass-produced, canvas-upper sneaker. They got their nickname "sneaker" because the soles were so quiet, you could sneak up on someone with them.
1920s: Chuck Taylors Hit the Court
In 1923, a basketball player named Chuck Taylor endorsed Converse, the first shoe made just for the sport. They soon became synonymous with his name and are now the best-selling basketball shoes of all time.
1930s: Adidas Go Global
A German cobbler named Adi Dassler created a shoe brand named after himself: Adidas (his brother Rudi later founded Puma). At the 1936 Olympics, track star Jessie Owens won four gold medals wearing Adidas, and it became the most popular athletic shoe worldwide.
1950s: Kids Make Sneakers Fashionable
Around mid-century, young people started wearing sneakers outside of sports as school dress codes relaxed. Fashion sneakers especially became popular among teens after the 1955 release of Rebel Without a Cause, which starred a young actor named James Dean.
1980s-1990s: Endorsements Skyrocket
As sneakers became more popular, sneaker brands became smarter about their marketing and partnered with well-known athletes. Michael Jordan's Air Jordans, for example, remain one of the most popular shoes of all time. As growing brands continued to compete with each other, sneakers with new and different features began to emerge, as did sneakers specified for different activities such as jogging, skateboarding, football, and more. They also quickly became a status symbol and more than just athletic aids.
2000s-2010s: Sneakerheads Rise
As endorsements with athletes reached new heights, sneaker brands also started partnering with hip-hop artists and became a major touchstone in street style. The term "sneakerhead" infiltrated the mainstream as a term to describe sneaker collectors. Companies encouraged the trend of purchasing expensive sneakers by dropping rare limited-edition styles.
But even if you're not a hip-hop fan or an athlete, today's sneaker market offers styles for everyone. Sturdy or streamlined, statement or subtle, there have never been more options to choose from. No wonder they've become part of our daily wardrobes.
A Brief History of America's Obsession With Sneakers | Innovation ... ›
The History Of Sneakers ›
history of sneakers sneakers converse adidas air jordans nike reebok sneakerhead keds yeezys yeezy sneakers kanye west kanye west sneakers nikes new nikes nike air travis scott travis scott nikes new nike travis scott
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Approaching 300
By Leah Justice
Published 10:44 am Friday, September 11, 2020
Polk adds another 18 COVID-19 cases this week
POLK COUNTY—Polk County is up to 296 cases of COVID-19 as of Friday.
The county added another 18 cases this week, up from 278 cases last Friday, according to Polk County health officials.
The county also added another death this week, with a total of 8 deaths, up from 7 last Friday.
Polk County has completed a total of 5,229 tests, with 296 positive and 4,825 negative. The county presumes that of the positive cases, 255 have recovered, including 8 deaths there are 33 current active cases in the county.
This week was an increase of 6.1 percent in positive cases. There are also currently 32 tests pending.
Of the cases, there have been 30 patients in the hospital, according to the county’s latest figures.
Of the county’s positive cases, 53.04 percent have been female and 46.96 percent have been male.
Most of the positive cases have been in people age 65 and older at more than 100 of the county’s cases. Around 80 of the county’s cases have been in people age 25-49; about 60 of the cases have been in people age 50-64; about 25 cases have been in people age 0-17 and more than 20 cases have been in people age 18-24, according to the county’s latest data.
As of Friday morning, North Carolina had 180,754 lab-confirmed cases and had completed 2,521,839 tests, according to the North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services.
Buncombe County had 2,685 cases and 72 deaths; Henderson County had 1,780 cases and 60 deaths; Rutherford County had 1,033 cases and 20 deaths and Transylvania County had 283 cases and 6 deaths.
Polk County is offering free testing at various sites, including at the Polk County Health Department in Columbus. The tests are drive-through. To schedule an appointment or to find out more information about testing call 828-722-5086 and leave a message and someone will return your call.
Annual cleaning of Doughboy
Statue in Columbus getting cleaned and inspected COLUMBUS—Scaffolding is around Polk County’s Doughboy statue in downtown Columbus to prepare for... read more
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‘No-sales’ dampen land auctions
Marcia Zarley Taylor DTN Executive Editor
Photo by Marcia TaylorIowa landowners are lowering their expectations after several no-sale auctions near Panora and Winterset last week.
PANORA, Iowa (DTN) – It had been a stressful afternoon for auctioneers and their elderly clients, landowners from Minneapolis. Crude oil was tumbling below $53 per barrel, stock markets were hitting five-and-one-half year lows, and December corn futures hovered near a contract low. Two dozen central Iowa farmers and investors gathered here were in no mood to over-pay for pure agricultural ground, some of it highly erodible. The standoff threatened to end in another “no-sale” public auction.
“If people listen to bad news 24 hours a day, pretty soon they start to feel bad themselves,” said Jerry Lage, a Hertz Real Estate agent, during a break in the bidding. He estimated land values had fallen 5 percent to 10 percent since the appraisal of this land two months ago, but some higher quality land in Story County had sold for $7,000 per acre, just in the past week.
“The problem is you don’t know what to expect when you hold an auction today,” Lage said.
Several bidders held checks in their pockets, ready for deposits. They were hunting for bargains, though, especially if they thought the land had drainage issues or less-than-ideal soil ratings. The fact that corn prices lost $2 per bushel since August has hardened their resolve.
“My brother-in-law says there’s been four no-sale auctions near Winterset,” said one potential bidder who had brought his lender and wife along but lost nerve. “There’s always another farm on another day,” he said. “I’ve seen crops drowned out on some of these fields.”
At another table, a group of seasoned grain farmers estimated half of the county’s land is owned by estates and trusts. They think many heirs will be unloading property in the not-too-distant future, if the operators are patient.
Seller John Dahlmeier, a retired structural engineer, had been on the cell phone with his brother in West Palm Beach for much of the day. He needed frequent consultations because none of the bids on three central Iowa properties in their parents’ estate were meeting his siblings’ pre-agreed minimums.
Dahlmeier wanted to sell before January 1 to avoid the risk that Congress will retroactively hike the 15 percent capital gains rates next year, but he tried to be realistic. Land values in this rolling stretch of central Iowa gained 20 percent in the year ending Sept. 30, according to a Chicago Federal Reserve. In fact, it racked up bigger gains than any other territory in the Fed’s five-state region the past 12 months.
“That won’t reflect what’s happening in November,” Dahlmeier said. “We probably left $200 per acre on the table compared to two months ago.”
Still, the Dahlmeiers agreed to sell their first 80-acre property at the nearby Stuart Town Hall earlier in the day. They settled for $3,800 per acre, or about $54 per Corn Suitability Rating (CSR) point, the state’s grading system for land, below their reserve price. But when two separate farms close to Panora attracted bids of only $4,450 and $3,050 per acre and about the same CSR price, the sellers balked. Some of their farms had been in the family since World War II. They weren’t going to give them away.
Such standoffs are becoming more common across the Corn Belt, speakers told a national agricultural lender conference in Des Moines last week. “Land is lagging what’s happened in cash markets since July,” said Michael Swanson, Wells Fargo agricultural economist. He admitted he is most bearish on marginal land, noting that it costs almost as much to farm soil that yields 180-bushel-per-acre corn as it does soil that yields 225-bushels per acre. At even $4 per bushel for corn, that means there should be $1,000 value differential between top and mid-quality land, a spread that hasn’t returned to normal yet. “When markets get stressed, poor land should get stressed even more,” Swanson said.
The Dahlmeiers aren’t taking any chances. The last two bidders are hanging around the hall, still hoping for a deal even though the auction was cancelled. In the end, their 114-acre and 88-acre tracts sell privately, eking out another few hundred dollars per acre.
With the clock ticking on capital gains, “the buyers know they have more time than we do,” said Dahlmeier’s wife, Gloria.
marcia zarley taylor can be reached at marcia.taylor@dtn.com
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Naturalisation/British Citizenship
List of documents/information
British Citizenship for Children - Registration
A child under 18 years of age can qualify for Registering as a British Citizen under many different categories the policy guidance is available at https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/children-nationality-policy-guidance.
Also, if one or more siblings of the applicant qualifies for registration, then it is very highly likely that the Home Office will exercise discretion in favour of the applicant who does not yet qualify for registration as a British citizen.
List of documents/information required in support of Registration (British Citizenship) application filed in the UK
Download - Referee Pages
Download - List of Professional Referees
Download - Parent's Consent
If available - Applicant’s Current Passport or EU ID Card or UK Driving Licence or a
Applicant’s Birth Certificate
Applicant’s two photographs - pasted on the referee pages (download referee pages under “Download Documents” page)
If available - Applicant’s Indefinite Leave to Remain Biometric Residence Permit or Registration Certificate or Permanent Residence document or Copy of letter confirming Settled status
Letters or reports to show registration or attendance at a doctor/dentist/child care provider or other health care provider
Child health record book or records of childhood immunisations
School letters confirming start (and if applicable) finish dates
Any other documents showing that the applicant lived in the UK for the period claimed
If available - Evidence of Parents British Passport or Indefinite leave to remain Biometric Residence Permit or Permanent Residence Document or Copy of letter confirming Settled status
Parents Marriage Certificate, if applicable
If the applicant has one parent or legal guardian they must explain why the other parent is unable to consent e.g. whereabouts unknown, no contact since MM/YYYY.
Name and Address of School or Employer(if working)
Details of the Applicant’s Parents:
Father’s – Name, Town and Country of birth, Nationality and Date of birth
Mother’s – Name and maiden name, Town and Country of birth, Nationality and Date of birth
First Referee details
Title(Mr/Mrs/Ms/Miss, etc.)
Addresses for last 3 years(starting with the current address)
Does your referee have a British passport? If yes, What is their passport number?
How does the referee know the applicant?
Second Referee details
List Absences from the UK in the following format:
Country Visited
Reason (Holiday, Business, Visiting Relatives)
Date of Departure from the UK (DD-MM-YY)
Date of return to the UK (DD-MM-YY)
Number of days*
Total number of days absent
*Enter whole days’ absences only. Do not include the day you left the UK or returned to the UK. For example, if you were absent from the UK between 1 January 2014 and 31 January 2014, enter 29 days (2 January to 30 January inclusive).
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BOYZLIFE – Visit Hull
Search experiences by section
All What's On Things To Do Stay Dine & Drink Discover Venues
Search What's On experiences by date
HULL CITY HALL, Queen Victoria Square, Hull, HU1 3RQ
Two of the world’s biggest bands Boyzone and Westlife come together with a full band production show.
Featuring Brian McFadden and Keith Duffy.
This specially adapted theatre production will include many of their greatest hits, including a record breaking 18 Number 1 singles and 9 number 1 albums, and combined record sales of over 60 Million Units. Expect to hear ‘Mandy’, ‘Queen of My Heart’, ‘Uptown Girl’, ‘You Raise Me Up’, ‘Father and Son’, ‘Love Me For A Reason’, ‘My Love’ and many, many more.
Brian McFadden featured on all Westlife’s number 1 Singles and Albums and has since had a Solo Number 1 Album.
Keith Duffy is currently touring with Boyzone on their final ever sell out Arena tour.
HULL CITY HALL,
Queen Victoria Square,
HU1 3RQ
theatre.marketing@hcandl.co.uk
http://www.hcandl.co.uk/hullcityhall
The Hull City Hall holds numerous and varied events ranging from the Classics Orchestral Concert series to pop concerts, comedy, conferences, exhibitions and degree ceremonies.
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OMD (Orchestral Manoeuvres In The Dark)
Why not add your event to our page, fill out our simple form and get your name in lights.
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3rd Floor Earle House, Colonial Street, Hull, HU2 8JN
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Oculus Continues Summer Deals with Three Content Packs
By Peter Graham Last updated Jul 30, 2017
For anyone that follows the virtual reality (VR) industry you can’t have failed to notice the massive drive Facebook has gone on to promote Oculus Rift and Touch. First there was the usual summer sale, giving owners lots of deals to choose from. Then earlier this month came the big one, a sizeable price reduction for the headset and motion controllers to attract more players. So for new customers to the format they missed out on the big content sale, but Oculus still has a deal or two available for those wishing to bolster their collection. These are the Summer of Rift packs.
There are three available, the Adventure Pack, the Action Pack and the Explore Pack, each of which has different titles included. Included in the Adventure pack is Crytek’s The Climb, Raw Data by Survios, Cherrypop Games’ SportsBar VR and I Expect You to Die from Schell Games. The entire pack costs £52.99 GBP, offering almost 50 percent off the regular price of the videogames individually.
The Action Pack features SUPERHOT VR, Wilson’s Heart by Oculus Studios and Fantastic Contraption by Northway Games and Radial Games. The pack retails for £39.99, again offering nearly a 50 percent discount for buyers.
While the Explore Pack also features three titles, The Unspoken from Insomniac Games, Everest VR by Solfar Studios and I-Illusions Space Pirate Trainer. This is the cheapest of the bunch at £25.49, saving gamers 44 percent.
All three deals are only available for the next 12 days, so if you’ve just got a new Oculus Rift you may want to grab one.
Oculus Rift and Touch is still available for $399 USD/£399 for a limited time. After which the price will go up but not back to the usual £598. Instead there will be a permanent price reduction to £499. For UK customers looking for a PC and headset deal there’s always Overclockers UK, which has just released a sub-£1000 deal.
Or if you’re wondering about the best Oculus Rift videogames to be launched this year, checkout VRFocus’ best of guide. As ever, for the latest news and announcements on VR, keep reading VRFocus.
OculusOculus RiftOculus Touch
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How I won the KZ world crown
16/10/15 - Stories
Jorrit Pex, 2015 CIK-FIA KZ World Champion, tells us how he beat the best drivers in the world.
The upbringing, the choice of equipment, and ultimately the race weekend. Jorrit Pex shares the details that led up to his fantastic weekend in Le Mans.
Here's an extract of the Special dedicated to his exploit in Vroom International October issue.
What an incredible weekend… And what unexpected, riveting conclusion…
“The weekend began very well, we had good speed already in the first free practice and we were in top-5 in all free practice sessions. We were very consistent, the balance was very good, and we didn’t make many changes to the set-up. I know I had the equipment to be in the top-3, it was just a question of fine-tuning what we had.
Then in qualifying we came very close to the pole position and it was then that we realized we had a good chance to win.”
You are no stranger to victory. You have won a European Championship in 2012, a WSK title in the same year, and as many as four German DKM Championships. But the World crown is something different…
“True! The thing is that you work for this your entire career. As you said, we have already won in the past, also some prestigious titles like the European Championship, but you always feel like something is missing. You know that as well or as bad you may have done during the season, the World Championship can change everything. It’s such a special race, and it’s one that usually gets decided in the last few laps, or even in the last few corners, as it’s happened this year. And it’s amazing to come out on top!
At first you don’t realize what you’ve achieved. It’s like a dream, from which you are afraid you will have to wake up. You come back to parc-fermé, you make sure that everything is ok at the scale, everyone in the team starts celebrating and only then you know it’s a dream come true. It’s a fantastic feeling! Your family, the team, the Crg mechanics, everyone together to share such a special, unforgettable moment.”
How important is to have won the World Championship as a private driver?
“It’s very important. We’ve always raced as a family team, with the support of Crg and Tm, and we have to make the most of what we have. In the World Championship we had two engines, one from Tm and one tuned by my father and Jos (Verstappen, author’s note). And I think this is very good also for the sport, because it shows that a private driver can be as competitive as factory ones.
So big part of my success goes to my father and Jos, who finds the time to help my dad tuning my engines even now that he’s so busy with Max’ F1 career, to Crg and Tm, and to those who have supported me, in what is essentially a family effort.”
What would you say was outstanding during the weekend?
“The chassis! Despite the changing weather throughout the weekend, and the difficult conditions of the track in the heats, the chassis proved really consistent. Then the prefinal was very close, but our performance continued to be very good. And in the final, with the track improving, I knew we had the potential to bring the title home.”
What’s your take on the last lap of the final? You started it all bunched up, and then De Conto started to defend losing 2 tenths in the first sector. Do you think he was too tight?
“It was very hard for me to close the gap on Paolo, because my pace was pretty similar to his..."
To read the entire Special subscribe here
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'I faced the biggest eel I've seen... it had a head the size of an Alsatian' - Welsh diver reveals his underwater life
Gower born, Pembrokeshire based diving expert James Hedley Phillips says there are more than 1,000 undersea wrecks to be explored off the Welsh coast
Robin Turner
West Wales could become the wreck diving capital of the world
There are always big stories on WalesOnline - don't miss any with our daily email
Forget Florida, Sri Lanka, Israel and North Carolina, West Wales could become the wreck diving capital of the world with more than 1,000 shipwrecks off the Pembrokeshire coast alone waiting to be discovered.
That’s the view of Haverfordwest based diving expert and shipwreck researcher James Hedley Phillips who has personally located more than 30 previously unknown wrecks in more than 3,000 dives.
Born in Stout Hall, Gower, he once recovered a batch of 100-year-old bottles of wine from a wreck which he drank freely before discovering they were worth at least £1,500 each.
Now, James has published his first book detailing his finds and telling the stories of those who were on board and why their particular ships founded.
And in Pembrokeshire Trilogy Volume 1 – Tales of the Sea he details some of the dangers of Wales’ often unseen undersea world.
Diving in the SS Vendome, which sank off Strumble Head, near Fishguard, in December 4, 1988, while returning from the Isle of Man after delivering a cargo of coal from Dynevor Colliery, Neath, he said: “I was confronted by the biggest conger eel I’ve ever seen, as thick as a telegraph pole and with a head the size of an Alsatian.
“And it had teeth a Sabretooth Tiger would have been proud of. I thought the best option was to retreat. No-one can hear you scream under the sea.”
He added: “Until steam came along ships were at the mercy of the tides and winds and Pembrokeshire has always been infamous for its variety of sea and wind patterns. Add together dangerous rocks such as the Hats and Barrels and the Smalls and it is no wonder there are so many wrecks down there.”
The son of a master mariner, he has dived off North Carolina, Florida, Israel, Corfu, France and Sir Lanka, but insists he has not found anything to compare with the sea off Pembrokeshire.
He said: “I don’t think there is a coastline anywhere in the world quite like it.”
In the book, James also details Pembrokeshire’s own tsunamis, particularly an event in 1014 said to have submerged villages several miles in land.
James has spent years researching the ships themselves but it is the human stories that shine through, often involving great sadness but also outstanding bravery by the Angle and St David’s lifeboat crews and the bravery of local people in saving seamen’s lives.
It still disturbs him to write about December 27, 1834, when 13 quarry workers and farm labourers, as well as two women, tried to reach Tenby after a week working on Caldey Island. They were so eager to return to their families in time for the Christmas market they ignored warnings about the heavy swell between the town and Caldey.
He said: “Their boat sank in full view of their families, waiting excitedly on Tenby beach, and no-one survived.”
Among the list of wrecks off Pembrokeshire include the sailing ship Amity (Southampton) which foundered in 1668 near St David’s Head with local residents plundering its cargo of wine and fruit.
In 1669 the sailing ship Delight (Swansea) lost its masts and ran ashore near Dale with its cargo of French wine being salvaged but a large consignment of salt being lost.
In 1819 the fully rigged, 300 tonne American sailing ship Kitty sank near Fishguard after drifting when it was abandoned off Liverpool with its cargo of tobacco.
* Pembrokeshire Trilogy Volume 1 – Tales of the Sea (£20 James Hedley Phillips Associates) is available from bookshops in Pembrokeshire and online.
Follow @WalesOnline
UK NewsIn the last quarter of 2020, The Royal Mint introduced special edition 1g and 5g gold bars which it said contributed to significant growth
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Tsinghua University establishes institute for AI industry research
Photo taken on Nov. 6, 2020 shows the autumn scenery at the campus of Tsinghua University in Beijing, capital of China. (Xinhua/Xing Guangli)
BEIJING, Dec. 4 (Xinhua) -- China's renowned Tsinghua University has established a new research institute to promote the artificial intelligence (AI) industry.
The Institute for AI Industry Research aims to use AI technologies to facilitate industrial upgrading and promote social progress. It will focus on achieving breakthroughs in core AI technologies and nurturing high-level talent through harnessing the innovation capacities of both the university and enterprises.
Qiu Yong, president of Tsinghua, said the institute marked another important step forward for the university in strengthening AI research. The institute shall bridge the industry and academia, making great contributions to the global innovation and industry transformation.
Zhang Yaqin, dean of the institute, said the institute would focus on the application of AI in several areas including transportation, the Internet of Things and healthcare.
AI is a key enabling technology that will change every aspect of the industry and society. The institute will work with universities and companies around the world to accelerate innovation and industry transformation, Zhang said. ■
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Google Play Store now shows app download trends
India's Hike Messenger is now officially shut down
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Your Memories, Your Book
Personal Historian Wayne Groner can turn your precious memories into a treasured story for family and friends.
No Paved Road to Freedom: Truth in My Fiction, Part 3 of 3
Sharon Rushton
Guest article by Sharon Rushton
Now comes the hard part
After finishing the interviews and research, my next step in writing was to develop a chronology; then came flow, character, tone, and atmosphere. I needed help with the ambiance and was open to constructive criticism on any aspect of the book. Fortunately, some of my friends are award-winning authors. Every person I shared the manuscript with made suggestions that improved the story. The knowledge I gained through their ideas and criticisms were more valuable than a college course.
Help from the pros
Kenny Kieser, an outdoor and western writer who has won numerous awards, helped create emotion and presence throughout my story. Kent Hayes, whose books were turned into Hallmark Hall of Fame movies, suggested I give names rather than titles to government officials. I originally made the communist government the villain and used only nondescript titles for authorities, such as policeman. Kent said using only titles would cause readers to see a government as bad, but not as villainous. When I asked Cornel he remembered the government officials’ names, which added authenticity, credibility, and the effect I wanted.
I hired an amazing editor, Deb Johnson. In the book I acknowledged her as my angel. She made sure the voice was correct and consistent, helped with the flow, and improved the descriptive flavor of the book. She developed a style sheet which included a glossary of correct spellings of characters’ names and who they were, places, government agencies, and non-English words. Wow! Why didn’t I think of doing something like that from the start? I will from now on. She also included words that needed some explanation and words I used inconsistently. For example, the word communism, which some writers always capitalize. After my research, I chose to capitalize communism only when it was used as an official name, such as Communist Party.
Family dogs and jailed for reading
Dr. Andy Cline, a journalism professor at Missouri State University, suggested I take out anything that didn’t move the story forward. I had been hanging on to information from Cornel I didn’t want to lose. When I realized I could put that information on my website, I felt free to cut and it significantly improved the flow of the story.
I continued to rewrite and fine tune. I knew the beginning sixty pages were the most critical and I probably rewrote those pages more than seventy-five times.
Cornel reviewed the manuscript in progress and corrected anything that wasn’t representative. Three years into the book’s development, Cornel moved to Florida and I moved to Missouri. Three times I flew to Florida and worked with him for a solid week each time refining the book. Over dinner, Cornel would say something like “Did I not tell you …,” or “Where is the story about …,” and I would say, “You never mentioned it.” I had to rewrite the first one-third of the book when he told me what communists did to his dogs, a story with tremendous emotional impact. I couldn’t simply add the story of the dogs; I had to bring the dogs into the beginning and make them part of the family.
The story of police throwing Cornel into jail for reading Twenty Thousand Leagues under the Sea was one of the last added to the book. Fortunately, it didn’t take a lot of rewriting of other chapters to meld with this new one.
The finish line in sight
I decided to set up my own publishing company, Soaring Reader Press, which meant I had to pay professionals to design, layout, print, and distribute. I chose Litho Printers & Bindery, Cassville, Missouri for design, layout, and printing, and Lightening Source for distribution. I had the book reviewed by five more people including my niece Kaeli West who is an award-winning writer. Their suggestions caused me to rewrite the beginning and tighten up some passages.
After I received PDFs of the formatted pages, I found minor errors, mostly punctuations, which I corrected and then went to press. Finally, after seven years, I held the finished book in my hands.
Sharon Rushton is an award-winning writer, documentary filmmaker, and conservationist. No Paved Road to Freedom was selected as the Book of the Month for February 2012 by the Military Writers Society of America (MWRSA). In its annual awards, MWRSA presented the book a Bronze Medal. In November 2012, Stars and Flags Book Awards gave the book a Gold Medal.
Sharon may be reached at www.nopavedroadtofreedom.com.
Images courtesy Sharon Rushton.
To share how you wrote your memoir, biography, or helped someone else, or to write a review, visit my guidelines.
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Click image to order my book from Amazon in paperback or Kindle.
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Cultural and Literary Events for June 2013
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Tag Archives: lunch podcast
David Van Doorn talks about an upcoming event put on by Take A Vet Fishing
David Van Doorn joins the show to talk about the upcoming Take A Vet Fishing event on May 21st.
Tags: Big John Howell, bjh, conservative, country radio, donald trump, elephant, john and ray in 60, john howell, lunch podcast, maga, news talk, nighttime podcast, podcast, politics, Ramblin Ray, Ray Stevens, republican, republican podcast, right wing, us 99
Andy Gresh of WPRO in New England talks about the Bulls/Celtics series
Andy Gresh from WPRO in New England joins the show to talk about the Bulls/Celtics series.
Lizzie Fenton goes to the Internet to try to get a boyfriend
Lizzie Fenton is a student at the University of Minnesota and joins the show to talk about her public plea to a young man to date her.
Tags: Big John Howell, bjh, conservative, country radio, donald trump, elephant, john and ray in 60, john howell, lizzie fenton, lunch podcast, maga, news talk, nighttime podcast, podcast, politics, Ramblin Ray, Ray Stevens, republican, republican podcast, right wing, us 99
Sheldon Hirsch talks about his book, “Hot Hands, Draft Hype and DiMaggio’s Streak”
Sheldon Hirsch wrote a book about famous myths in sports and joins the show to talk about his research.
Big John & Ray 60: “Hey O’Reilly, Take Another Lap Around Europe”
Bill O’Reilly is out at FOXNews. Joe Concha from The Hill talks about why O’Reilly had to go. Plus, White Sox pitcher Jose Quintana makes an appearance on the Tonight Show with Jimmy Fallon.
Chicago Tribune’s Dennis Byrne talks about his column on Mayor Emanuel’s plan for graduating high school students
Dennis Byrne of the Chicago Tribune joins the show to talk about his column on Mayor Emanuel asking graduating high school seniors to have a plan for after high school.
Blackhawks anthem singer Jim Cornelison talks about singing for the Hawks and at the Indy 500
Blackhawks anthem singer Jim Cornelison joins the show to talk about the Blackhawks in the playoffs and getting to sing at the Indy 500.
CNN’s Jean Casarez talks about Aaron Hernandez committing suicide in prison
CNN’s Jean Casarez joins the show to talk about former NFL star Aaron Hernandez committing suicide in prison.
CNN’s John Berman talks about the Georgia run-off election for the seat in the U.S. House of Representatives
CNN’s John Berman joins the show to talk about the Georgia election from last night and the Bulls-Celtics playoff series.
Jake Dizon is competing on Chopped Jr. on the Food Network
Jake Dizon is a 13-year-old from Glenview and joins the show to talk about his passion for cooking and competing on Chopped Jr.
Tags: Big John Howell, bjh, chopped jr., conservative, country radio, donald trump, elephant, Food Network, jake dizon, john and ray in 60, john howell, lunch podcast, maga, news talk, nighttime podcast, podcast, politics, Ramblin Ray, Ray Stevens, republican, republican podcast, right wing, us 99
Ryan Brandell from Barstool Sports talks about the Blackhawks’ chances down 3-0 to the Nashville Predators
Ryan Brandell from Barstool Sports joins the show to talk about the Blackhawks, who are down 3-0 in the first round of the NHL playoffs.
New York Post Michael Goodwin talks about his article on President Trump’s relationship with Steve Bannon
New York Post columnist Michael Goodwin joins the show to talk about his article about why President Trump needs Steve Bannon.
National security expert William Hartung talks about President Trump’s show of force early in his administration
William Hartung is the Director of the Arm & Security Project at the Center for International Policy and joins the show to talk about President Trump’s missile strikes in Syria and MOAB deployment in Afghanistan.
Jonathan Hoenig from Capitalist Pig Management talks about filing for taxes today on Tax Day
Jonathan Hoenig from Capitalist Pig Management joins the show to talk about filing taxes as the deadline approaches.
Big John & Ray 60: “Round Mound Of Wrong”
Charles Barkley thought the Bulls stood no chance and he was wrong. Does Buffalo Grove hate music? Plus, we find a couple who just really connects with each other and find out why they do.
Big John & Ray 60: “How Can One Room Fit So Much Indignation?”
Alderman Ed Burke takes United to task in only the way Ed Burke can. Lt. Col Jeff Addicott talks about dropping the M.O.A.B in Afghanistan. Chuck Swirsky on the Bulls as they take on the Boston Celtics. Plus, drivers should avoid the body of water on the right.
State Senator Heather Steans talks about her push to legalize marijuana in Illinois
State Senator Heather Steans joins the show to talk about her push to legalize marijuana in Illinois.
Bulls Play-By-Play Annnouncer Chuck Swirsky talks about the Bulls series with Boston Celtics
Bulls Play-By-Play Announcer Chuck Swirsky joins the show to talk about the Bulls as they plan to take on the Boston Celtics in the first round.
Tags: Big John Howell, bjh, Chicago Bulls, Chuck Swirsky, conservative, country radio, donald trump, elephant, john and ray in 60, john howell, lunch podcast, maga, news talk, nighttime podcast, podcast, politics, Ramblin Ray, Ray Stevens, republican, republican podcast, right wing, us 99
Lt. Col. Jeff Addicott talks about President Trump’s attack on ISIS
Lt. Col Jeff Addicott is the Director of the Center for Terrorism Law at St. Mary’s University of Law in San Antonio and talks about President Trump’s attacks in the Middle East.
GOP Strategist Rick Wilson talks about President Trump and his military efforts
GOP Strategist Rick Wilson joins the show to talk about the affect President Trump’s military actions in the Middle East may have on polling numbers.
New FOP President Kevin Graham talks about his future plans for the CPD
Kevin Graham was elected as the new President of the FOP and joins the show to talk about his first steps as the head of the CPD rank and file.
Big John & Ray 60: “Playoffs? Talk About Playoffs!”
Bulls get the last playoff seat. President Trump continues to flip-flop on issues from his campaign. State Representative Scott Drury talks about breaking from Speaker Michael Madigan. Plus, aren’t we supposed to be saving the bees?
Barstool Sports blogger Ryan Brandell talks about the Blackhawks and Bulls as they prepare for the playoffs
Ryan Brandell blogs for Barstool Sports joins the show to talk about the Bulls and Blackhawks as they head to the playoffs.
Tags: barstool sports, Big John Howell, bjh, conservative, country radio, donald trump, elephant, john and ray in 60, john howell, lunch podcast, maga, news talk, nighttime podcast, podcast, politics, Ramblin Ray, Ray Stevens, republican, republican podcast, right wing, us 99
ESPN’s Lester Munson talks about the St. Louis lawsuit against the NFL
ESPN Legal Analyst Lester Munson joins the show to talk about the lawsuit filed by the city of St. Louis against the NFL over the Rams leaving for Los Angeles.
CNBC’s Larry Kudlow talks about a weak U.S. dollar versus and strong dollar
CNBC’s Larry Kudlow joins the show to talk about the strength of the U.S. dollar and his relationship with Steve Bannon.
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Future Careers in Science with Dr Karl: Brisbane (2020)
CONCERT HALL QPAC
Science is probably the best possible ‘mental toolbox’ that you can have, enabling you to change your career many times if desired.
Dr Karl will discuss future careers in Genetics, Engineering, basic Physics, Computer Science and the big one – your environment.
Part science, part career guidance, part entertainment, and all fun. Bring your burning science questions for the Q&A!
Future Careers in Science with Dr Karl: Brisbane is presented in association with Principal Partner QPAC.
Karl Kruszelnicki
Dr Karl Kruszelnicki is an institution in Australian science communication, best known as an author and science commentator on Australian radio and television. He holds a Bachelor of Science degree...
Lee Constable
Lee Constable is a TV presenter, author and science communicator. She is the host of Scope, Network 10’s science show for kids, and the author of How to Save the...
Patrons with special access needs requiring specific seating arrangements are requested to phone 136 246 Learn More
To book – Complete the QTIX School Group Booking Request form
If you have any questions, please phone a QTIX Groups Bookings Officer on (07) 3840 7466.
Please note the student to adult ratio – please see our Information for Schools page for details.
Tickets $10
CONCERT HALL QPAC, South Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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Rep. Scanlon proposes legislation for CT child tax credit
Titans safety Kevin Byard agrees to multi-year extension
by: TERESA M. WALKER, Associated Press
FILE – In this Saturday, Dec. 22, 2018 file photo, Tennessee Titans free safety Kevin Byard (31) celebrates after intercepting a pass against the Washington Redskins late in the fourth quarter of an NFL football game in Nashville, Tenn. The Tennessee Titans have made Kevin Byard the NFL’s highest-paid safety with a contract extension hours before they report for training camp. The Titans announced the multi-year deal Wednesday night, July 24, 2019. (AP Photo/James Kenney, File)
Kevin Byard left the talking to the Titans and his agent this offseason, and now he’s agreed to a deal making him the NFL’s highest-paid safety with a contract extension hours before they report for training camp.
The Titans announced the multi-year deal Wednesday night.
Multiple reports said the five-year deal is worth $70.5 million with $31 million guaranteed. Byard’s agent David Mulugheta also represents Landon Collins, who agreed to a six-year, $84 million deal in March with Washington.
Four-time Pro Bowl defensive lineman Jurrell Casey congratulated Byard on the new deal.
“My guy tell that boy @jalenramsey let you use that brinks truck!!!!!” Casey wrote on Twitter after the Jaguars cornerback arrived to training camp in an armored truck earlier Wednesday.
Linebacker Brian Orakpo, who retired after last season, also praised Byard.
“Congrats to @KB31_Era we all witnessed the transformation to a Great One!” Orakpo wrote on Twitter.
Byard was an All-Pro in 2017 when he had eight interceptions. The third-round pick in 2016 out of Middle Tennessee has not missed a game since becoming a starter and has 12 interceptions over the past two seasons. He has 246 tackles and 10 quarterback pressures through three seasons.
His contract was due to expire after this season. Byard took part in the Titans’ offseason program, saying he trusted his agent to handle talks with the Titans while he focused on being a leader. He agreed to terms the night before the Titans report for training camp Thursday.
This is the third straight year the Titans have extended a player around the start of training camp under general manager Jon Robinson.
Last year, they made Pro Bowl left tackle Taylor Lewan the highest-paid offensive lineman in the league with an extension for three-time Pro Bowl tight end Delanie Walker, while Casey got his extension in July 2017.
Byard’s extension comes hours after Lewan announced on social media that he faces a four-game suspension for violating the league’s policy on performance-enhancing drugs.
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AWESOME SHOW OF AWESOME / 2010-05-09 00:01
00:01:00 Pain Jabberjaw Jabberjaw
00:06:13 Flight of the Conchords Inner City Pressure Flight of the Conchords
00:09:12 Cake Guitar Man Pressure Cheif
00:13:03 They Might be Giants Thunderbird The Spine
00:16:13 Tera Melos Melody 6 Tera Melos
00:20:22 Crime in Choir Come Here, Raider Crime in Choir
00:24:33 Don Caballero First Hits Singles Breaking Up, Vol 1
00:31:06 Streetligh Manifesto Punk Rock Girl 99 Songs of the Revolution Vol. 1
00:33:11 Suburban Legends Girls Got What I Want Lets Be Friends...
00:37:02 The Supervillains Little Girl Massive
00:39:52 Bad Brains Stay Close to Me Omega Sessions
00:43:53 Sloppy Seconds You've Got A Great Body, But Your Record Collection Sucks More Trouble Than They're Worth
00:45:21 Mustard Plug Miss Michigan Evildoers Beware
00:48:01 The Queers Strangle the Girl Beyond the Valley...
00:50:40 The Aquabats! Hot Summer Nights (Won't Last Forever) Charge!!
00:54:28 The MIghty Mighty Bosstones Where'd You Go? Where'd You Go?
00:57:39 Andrew Spencer Video Killed the Radio Star Bounce! Vol. 2
01:05:32 Ahleuchatistas Al Jazeera On the Culture of Industry
01:10:02 Euphone Press On Hashin' It Out
01:13:07 Trans Am Strong Sensation You Can Always Get What You Want
01:19:41 Turing Machine On Form and Growth A New Machine For Living
01:22:48 Battles Ddiamondd Mirrored
01:26:48 Giraffes? Giraffes! When the Catholic Girls Go Camping, The Nicotine Vampires Rule Supreme More Skin With Milk Mouth
01:32:44 No More Kings Michael (Jump In) No More Kings
01:34:24 Big D and the Kids Table Steady Riot Strictly Rude
01:36:49 Minor Threat Good Guys (Don't Wear White) Complete Discography
01:39:10 Less Than Jake All My Best Friends Are Metalheads Hello Rockview
01:42:39 Operation Ivy Take Warning Operation Ivy
01:45:51 The Cat Empire In My Pocket Two Shoes
01:53:03 NOFX Best God In Show Coaster
01:54:21 Leftover Crack Gay Rude Boys Unite Mediocre Generica
01:56:59 Anti-Flag Davey Destroyed the Punk Scene Die For the Government
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WWE adds 14 more Superstars to Greatest Royal Rumble Match
RIYADH, SAUDI ARABIA and STAMFORD, Conn. — Fourteen WWE Superstars, including Olympic gold medalist Kurt Angle, 2016 Andre the Giant Memorial Battle Royal winner Baron Corbin and four-time Tag Team Champions The New Day have officially entered the first-ever 50-Man Greatest Royal Rumble Match, which will take place at the King Abdullah Sports City Stadium in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia on Friday, April 27, at 7 p.m. AST.
The Greatest Royal Rumble will stream live on WWE Network Friday, April 27, with a tune-in time of 12 p.m. ET/9 a.m. PT, with a special, one-hour Greatest Royal Rumble Kickoff starting at 11 a.m. ET/8 a.m. PT. It will also be available on pay-per-view outside of the Middle East with regional broadcast information forthcoming.
WWE Superstars Apollo Crews, Shelton Benjamin, Sin Cara, Elias, Chad Gable, Goldust, Titus O’Neil, Mojo Rawley and Dolph Ziggler have also declared for the first-ever Greatest Royal Rumble Match. Additionally, the historic event includes John Cena vs. Triple H, Brock Lesnar vs. Roman Reigns in a Universal Championship Steel Cage Match and six other championship matches.
General Sports Authority of Saudi Arabia Chairman, His Excellency Turki Al Sheikh, WWE Chairman & CEO Vince McMahon, and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia invite the world to celebrate this signature event. It is the first event as part of a long-term partnership between WWE and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
WWE.com Staff
What's Trending on WWE.com
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25 best Instagram photos of the week
Must-see Royal Rumble Match photos
WWE Network trailer: AJ Styles’ Royal Rumble Debut
WWE Shows Latest Results
Raw results, Jan. 18, 2021: Alexa Bliss transforms into a horrific presence to defeat Asuka
SmackDown results, Jan. 15, 2021: Pearce names a returning Kevin Owens as Reigns’ Rumble challenger!
WWE NXT results, Jan. 13, 2021: UE advance in Dusty Classic, but Dunne makes a statement
WrestleMania 36 results: Drew McIntyre conquers The Beast to claim the WWE Title
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STOLEN? When Two Delaware County Judge of Elections Went to Pick Up Voter Books, They Weren’t There
Modified November 1, 2020
Officials in Delaware County appear to have lost track of at-least two ‘voter books’ which contain the voter registration information for all residents in those districts, Your Content has exclusively learned.
Delaware County Republican Party Chairman Tom McGarrigle says that when at least two duly elected Judges of Election went to pick up their voter books from the Election Board today, they had already been picked up by other individuals.
According to sources close to the situation, the Election Board was unable to determine who picked up the books, demonstrating a complete lack of basic safeguards and protections.
The location of the books, which are used to verify a person’s eligibility to vote at a polling place — and confirm they had not already voted by mail-in ballot — remains unknown at this time, members of Pennsylvania State Watchdogs told Your Content.
As Your Content readers know, the local GOP raised alarms just three days from the most heated election in modern history after being ignored by hard-nosed politicians from the opposing party.
“It is alarming that we are just days away from the election and the Election Board has failed to address many important issues related to ensuring a fair and secure election,” said McGarrigle. “The county Republican Party has attempted to work in good faith with the Democratic run county government, but many of our concerns about the lack of transparency and details on steps being taken to ensure the integrity of the election have gone unanswered.”
Casey Anthony tests positive for COVID-19 for fourth straight week
Nik Hatziefstathiou » for Your Content - January 11, 2021 2
Two individuals exclusively told Your Content they’re starting to think the monster mom is lying about her results.
‘Disgruntled employee’ altered State Department website to claim President Trump’s term ended Jan. 11
The United States Department of State showed on Monday that President Donald Trump's term in office ended today.
Twitter stock to ‘crash like meteor’ for mixing politics into app risking 48 percent of its users in single day
Anthony Loro » for Your Content - January 10, 2021 0
Twitter stock is on a downward spiral after mixing politics into the app—polarizing over 70 million users who plan to ditch the censored service.
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/ Language: English / Genre:sf,
With this story, I’ve enter a future in which mankind has spread itself far out into the galaxy of which Earth’s sun — and Earth itself, of course — are such microscopically small bits of dust. In Anderson’s concept, most life forms encountered seem to be essentially humanoid. In this story, indeed, they are not only humanoid, but measurably “human” in their psychological reactions. If one wanted to draw some comparisons, one could, I suppose, compare Cundaloa in this tale with the islands of the Pacific, and Skontar with the Scandinavian countries. Sweden, for example, is Swedish through and through. Hawaii? Whatever Hawaii is, and it sounds wonderful for a vacation, it surely no longer belongs to the original Hawaiians… You will get the point of this analogy as you read on, of course. Poul Anderson
A MELLOW bell tone was followed by the flat voice of the roboreceptionist: “His Excellency Valka Vahino, Special Envoy from the League of Cundaloa to the Commonwealth of Sol.”
The Earthlings rose politely as he entered. Despite the heavy gravity and dry chill air of terrestrial conditions, he moved with the flowing grace of his species, and many of the humans were struck anew by what a handsome people his race was.
People — yes, the folk of Cundaloa were humanoid enough, mentally and physically, to justify the term. Their differences were not important; they added a certain charm, the romance of alienness, to the comforting reassurance that there was no really basic strangeness.
Ralph Dalton let his eyes sweep over the ambassador. Valka Vahino was typical of his race — humanoid mammal, biped, with a face that was very manlike, differing only in its beauty of finely chiseled features, high cheekbones, great dark eyes. A little smaller, more slender than the Earthlings, with a noiseless, feline ease of movement. Long shining blue hair swept back from his high forehead to his slim shoulders, a sharp and pleasing contrast to the rich golden skin color. He was dressed in the ancient ceremonial garb of Luai on Cundaloa — shining silvery tunic, deep-purple cloak from which little sparks of glittering metal swirled like fugitive stars, gold-worked boots of soft leather. One slender six-fingered hand held the elaborately carved staff of office which was all the credentials his planet had given him.
He bowed, a single rippling movement which had nothing of servility in it, and said in excellent Terrestrial, which still retained some of the lilting, singing accent of his native tongue: “Peace on your houses! The Great House of Cundaloa sends greetings and many well-wishings to his brothers of Sol. His unworthy member Valka Vahino speaks for him in friendship.”
Some of the Earthlings shifted stance, a little embarrassed. It did sound awkward in translation, thought Dalton. But the language of Cundaloa was one of the most beautiful sounds in the Galaxy.
He replied with an attempt at the same grave formality. “Greetings and welcome. The Commonwealth of Sol receives the representative of the League of Cundaloa in all friendship. Ralph Dalton, Premier of the Commonwealth, speaking for the people of the Solar System.”
He introduced the others then — cabinet ministers, technical advisers, military staff members. It was an important assembly. Most of the power and influence in the Solar System was gathered here.
He finished: “This is an informal preliminary conference on the economic proposals recently made to your gov… to the Great House of Cundaloa. It has no legal standing. But it is being televised, and I daresay the Solar Assembly will act on a basis of what is learned at these and similar hearings.”
“I understand. It is a good idea.” Vahino waited until the rest were seated before taking a chair.
There was a pause. Eyes kept going to the clock on the wall. Vahino had arrived punctually at the time set, but Skorrogan of Skontar was late, thought Dalton. Tactless, but then the manners of the Skontarans were notoriously bad. Not at all like the gentle deference of Cundaloa, which in no way indicated weakness.
There was aimless conversation, of the “How do you like it here?” variety. Vahino, it developed, had visited the Solar System quite a few times in the past decade. Not surprising, in view of the increasingly close economic ties between his planet and the Commonwealth. There were a great many Cundaloan students in Earthian universities, and before the war there had been a growing tourist traffic from Sol to AvaiH. It would probably revive soon — especially if the devastation were repaired and…
“Oh, yes,” smiled Vahino. “It is the ambition of all young anamaif men on Cundaloa, to come to Earth, if only for a visit. It is not mere flattery to say that our admiration for you and your achievements is boundless.”
“It’s mutual,” said Dalton. “Your culture, your art and music, your literature — all have a large following in the Solar System. Why, many men, and not just scholars, learn Luaian simply to read the Dvanagoa-Epai in the original. Cundaloan singers, from concert artists to night-club entertainers, get more applause than any others.” He grinned. “Your young men here have some difficulty keeping our terrestrial coeds off their necks. And your few young women here are besieged by invitations. I suppose only the fact that there cannot be issue has kept the number of marriages as small as it has been.”
“But seriously,” persisted Vahino, “we realize at home that your civilization sets the tone for the known Galaxy. It is not just that Solarian civilization is the most advanced technically, though that has, of course, much to do with it. You came to us, with your spaceships and atomic energy and medical science and all else — but, after all, we can learn that and go on with you from there. It is, however, such acts as… well, as your present offer of help: to rebuild ruined worlds light-years away, pouring your own skill and treasure into our homes, when we can offer you so little in return — it is that which makes you the leading race in the Galaxy.”
“We have selfish motives, as you well know,” said Dalton a little uncomfortably. “Many of them. There is, of course, simple humanitarianism. We could not let races very like our own know want when the Solar System and its colonies have more wealth than they know what to do with. But our own bloody history has taught us that such programs as this economic-aid plan redound to the benefit of the initiator. When we have built up Cundaloa and Skontar, got them producing again, modernized their backward industry, taught them our science — they will be able to trade with us. And our economy is still, after all these centuries, primarily mercantile. Then, too, we will have knitted them too closely together for a repetition of the disastrous war just ended. And they will be allies for us against some of the really alien and menacing cultures in the Galaxy, planets and systems and empires against which we may one day have to stand.”
“Pray the High One that that day never comes,” said Vahino soberly. “We have seen enough of war.”
The bell sounded again, and the robot announced in its clear inhuman tones: “His Excellency Skorrogan Valthak’s son, Duke of Kraakahaym, Special Envoy from the Empire of Skontar to the Commonwealth of Sol.”
They got up again, a little more slowly this time, and Dalton saw the expressions of dislike on several faces, expressions which smoothed into noncommittal blankness as the newcomer entered. There was no denying that the Skontarans were not very popular in the Solar System just now, and partly it was their own fault. But most of it they couldn’t help.
The prevailing impression was that Skontar had been at fault in the war with Cundaloa. That was plainly an error. The misfortune was that the suns Skang and Avaiki, forming a system about half a light-year apart, had a third companion which humans usually called Allan, after the captain of the first expedition to the system. And the planets of Allan were uninhabited.
When terrestrial technology came to Skontar and Cundaloa, its first result had been to unify both planets — ultimately — both systems into rival states which turned desirous eyes on the green new planets of Allan. Both had had colonies there, clashes had followed, ultimately the hideous five years’ war which had wasted both systems and ended in a peace negotiated with terrestrial help. It had been simply another conflict of rival imperialisms, such as had been common enough in human history before the Great Peace and the formation of the Commonwealth. The terms of the treaty were as fair as possible, and both systems were exhausted. They would keep the peace now, especially when both were eagerly looking for Solarian help to rebuild.
Still — the average human liked the Cundaloans. It was almost a corollary that he should dislike the Skontarans and blame them for the trouble. But even before the war they had not been greatly admired. Their isolationism, their clinging to outmoded traditions, their harsh accent, their domineering manner, even their appearance told against them.
Dalton had had trouble persuading the Assembly to let him include Skontar in the invitation to economic-aid conferences. He had finally persuaded them that it was essential — not only would the resources of Skang be a material help in restoration, particularly their minerals, but the friendship of a potentially powerful and hitherto aloof empire could be gained.
The aid program was still no more than a proposal. The Assembly would have to make a law detailing who should be helped, and how much, and then the law would have to be embodied in treaties with the planets concerned. The initial informal meeting here was only the first step. But — crucial.
Dalton bowed formally as the Skontaran entered. The envoy responded by stamping the butt of his huge spear against the floor, leaning the archaic weapon against the wall, and extending his bolstered blaster handle first. Dalton took it gingerly and laid it on the desk. “Greeting and welcome,” he began, since Skorrogan wasn’t saying anything. “The Commonwealth…”
“Thank you.” The voice was a hoarse bass, somehow metallic, and strongly accented. “The Valtam of the Empire of Skontar sends greetings to the Premier of Sol by Skorrogan Valthak’s son, Duke of Kraakahaym.”
He stood out in the room, seeming to fill it with his strong, forbidding presence. In spite of coming from a world of higher gravity and lower temperature, the Skontarans were a huge race, over two meters tall and so broad that they seemed stocky. They could be classed as humanoid, in that they were bipedal mammals, but there was not much resemblance beyond that. Under a wide, low forehead and looming eyebrow ridges, the eyes of Skorrogan were fierce and golden, hawk’s eyes. His face was blunt-snouted, with a mouthful of fangs in the terrific jaws; his ears were blunt and set high on the massive skull. Short brown fur covered his muscular body to the end of the long restless tail, and a ruddy mane flared from his head and throat. In spite of the, to him, tropical temperature, he wore the furs and skins of state occasions at home, and the acrid reek of his sweat hung about him.
“You are late,” said one of the ministers with thin politeness. “I trust you were not detained by any difficulties.”
“No, I underestimated the time needed to get here,” answered Skorrogan. “Please to excuse me.” He did not sound at all sorry, but lowered his great bulk into the nearest chair and opened his portfolio. “We have business now, my sirs?”
“Well… I suppose so.” Dalton sat down at the head of the long conference table. “Though we are not too concerned with facts and figures at this preliminary discussion. We want simply to agree on general aims, matters of basic policy.”
“Naturally, you will wish a full account of the available resources of AvaiM and Skang, as well as the Al-lanian colonies,” said Vahino in his soft voice. “The agriculture of Cundaloa, the mines of Skontar, will contribute much even at this early date, and, of course, in the end there must be economic self-sufficiency.”
“It is a question of education, too,” said Dalton. “We will send many experts, technical advisers, teachers…”
“And, of course, some question of military resources will arise…” began the Chief of Staff.
“Skontar have own army,” snapped Skorrogan. “No need of talk there yet.”
“Perhaps not,” agreed the Minister of Finance mildly. He took out a cigarette and lit it.
“Please, sir!” For a moment Skorrogan’s voice rose to a bull roar. “No smoke. You know Skontarans allergic to tobacco…”
“Sorry!” The Minister of Finance stubbed out the cylinder. His hand shook a little and he glared at the envoy. There had been little need for concern, the air-conditioning system swept the smoke away at once. And in any case — you don’t shout at a cabinet minister. Especially when you come to ask him for help…
“There will be other systems involved,” said Dalton hastily, trying with a sudden feeling of desperation to smooth over the unease and tension. “Not only the colonies of Sol. I imagine your two races will be expanding beyond your own triple system, and the resources made available by such colonization…”
“We will have to,” said Skorrogan sourly. “After treaty rob us of all fourth planet — No matter. Please to excuse. Is bad enough to sit at same table with enemy without being reminded of how short time ago he was enemy.”
This time the silence lasted a long while. And Dalton realized, with a sudden feeling almost of physical illness, that Skorrogan had damaged his own position beyond repair. Even if he suddenly woke up to what he was doing and tried to make amends — and who ever heard of a Skontaran noble apologizing for anything — it was too late. Too many millions of people, watching their telescreens, had seen his unpardonable arrogance. Too many important men, the leaders of Sol, were sitting in the same room with him, looking into his contemptuous eyes and smelling the sharp stink of unhuman sweat.
There would be no aid to Skontar.
With sunset, clouds piled up behind the dark line of cliffs which lay to the east of Geyrhaym, and a thin, chill wind blew down over the valley with whispers of winter. The first few snowflakes were borne on it, whirling across the deepening purplish sky, tinted pink by the last bloody light. There would be a blizzard before midnight.
The spaceship came down out of darkness and settled into her cradle. Beyond the little spaceport, the old town of Geyrhaym lay wrapped in twilight, huddling together against the wind. Firelight glowed rud-dily from the old peak-roofed houses, but the winding cobbled streets were like empty canyons, twisting up the hill on whose crest frowned the great castle of the old barons. The Valtam had taken it for his own use, and little Geyrhaym was now the capital of the Empire. For proud Skirnor and stately Thruvang were radioactive pits, and wild beasts howled in the burned ruins of the old palace.
Skorrogan Valthak’s son shivered as he came out of the airlock and down the gangway. Skontar was a cold planet. Even for its own people it was cold. He wrapped his heavy fur cloak more tightly about him.
They were waiting near the bottom of the gangway, the high chiefs of Skontar. Under an impassive exterior, Skorrogan’s belly muscles tightened. There might be death waiting in that silent, sullen group of men. Surely disgrace — and he couldn’t answer…
The Valtam himself stood there, his white mane blowing in the bitter wind. His golden eyes seemed luminous in the twilight, hard and fierce, a deep sullen hate smoldering behind them. His oldest son, the heir apparent, Thordin, stood beside him. The last sunlight gleamed crimson on the head of his spear; it seemed to drip blood against the sky. And there were the other mighty men of Skang, counts of the provinces on Skontar and the other planets, and they all stood waiting for him. Behind them was a line of imperial household guards, helmets and corselets shining in the dusk, faces in shadow, but hate and contempt like a living force radiating from them.
Skorrogan strode up to the Valtam, grounded his spear butt in salute, and inclined his head at just the proper degree. There was silence then, save for the whimpering wind. Drifting snow streamed across the field.
The Valtam spoke at last, without ceremonial greeting. It was like a deliberate slap in the face: “So you are back again.”
“Yes, sire.” Skorrogan tried to keep his voice stiff. It was difficult to do. He had no fear of death, but it was cruelly hard to bear this weight of failure. “As you know, I must regretfully report my mission unsuccessful.”
“Indeed. We receive telecasts here,” said the Valtam acidly.
“Sire, the Solarians are giving virtually unlimited aid to Cundaloa. But they refused any help at all to Skontar. No credits, no technical advisers — nothing. And we can expect little trade and almost no visitors.”
“I know,” said Thordin. “And you were sent to get their help.”
“I tried, sire.” Skorrogan kept his voice expressionless. He had to say something — but be forever dammed if I’ll plead! “But the Solarians have an unreasonable prejudice against us, partly related to their wholly emotional bias toward Cundaloa and partly, I suppose, due to our being unlike them in so many ways.”
“So they do,” said the Valtam coldly. “But it was not great before. Surely the Mingonians, who are far less human than we, have received much good at Solarian hands. They got the same sort of help that Cundaloa will be getting and that we might have had.
“We desire nothing but good relations with the mightiest power in the Galaxy. We might have had more than that. I know, from first-hand reports, what the temper of the Commonwealth was. They were ready to help us, had we shown any cooperativeness at all. We could have rebuilt, and gone farther than that…” His voice trailed off into the keening wind.
After a moment he went on, and the fury that quivered in his voice was like a living force: “I sent you as my special delegate to get that generously offered help. You, whom I trusted, who I thought was aware of our cruel plight — Arrrgh!” He spat, “And you spent your whole time there being insulting, arrogant, boorish. You, on whom all the eyes of Sol were turned, made yourself the perfect embodiment of all the humans think worst in us. No wonder our request was refused! You’re lucky Sol didn’t declare war!”
“It may not be too late,” said Thordin. “We could send another…”
“No.” The Valtam lifted his head with the inbred iron pride of his race, the haughtiness of a culture where for all history face had been more important than life. “Skorrogan went as our accredited representative. If we repudiated him, apologized for — not for any overt act but for bad manners! — if we crawled before the Galaxy — no! It isn’t worth that. We’ll just have to do without Sol.”
The snow was blowing thicker now, and the clouds were covering the sky. A few bright stars winked forth in the clear portions. But it was cold, cold.
“And what a price to pay for honor!” said Thordin wearily. “Our folk are starving — food from Sol could keep them alive. They have only rags to wear — Sol would send clothes. Our factories are devastated, are obsolete, our young men grow up in ignorance of Galactic civilization and technology — Sol would send us machines and engineers, help us rebuild. Sol would send teachers, and we could become great — Well, too late, too late.” His eyes searched through the gloom, puzzled, hurt. Skorrogan had been his friend. “But why did you do it? Why did you do it?”
“I did my best,” said Skorrogan stiffly. “If I was not fitted for the task, you should not have sent me.”
“But you were,” said Valtam. “You were out best diplomat. Your wiliness, your understanding of extra-Skontaran psychology, your personality — all were invaluable to our foreign relations. And then, on this simple and most tremendous mission — No more!” His voice rose to a shout against the rising wind. “No more will I trust you. Skontar will know you failed.”
“Sire…” Skorrogan’s voice shook suddenly. “Sire, I have taken words from you which from anyone else would have meant a death duel. If you have more to say, say it. Otherwise let me go.”
“I cannot strip you of your hereditary titles and holdings,” said the Valtam. “But your position in the imperial government is ended, and you are no longer to come to court or to any official function. Nor do I think you will have many friends left.”
“Perhaps not,” said Skorrogan. “I did what I did, and even if I could explain further, I would not after these insults. But if you ask my advice for the future of Skontar…”
“I don’t,” said the Valtam. “You have done enough harm already.”
“… then consider three things.” Skorrogan lifted his spear and pointed toward the remote glittering stars. “First, those suns out there. Second, certain new scientific and technological developments here at home — such as Dyrin’s work on semantics. And last — look about you. Look at the houses your fathers built, look at the clothes you wear, listen, perhaps, to the language you speak. And then come back in fifty years or so and beg my pardon!”
He swirled his cloak about him, saluted the Valtam again, and went with long steps across the field and into the town. They looked after him with incomprehension and bitterness in their eyes.
There was hunger in the town. He could almost feel it behind the dark walls, the hunger of ragged and desperate folk crouched over their fires, and wondered whether they could survive the winter. Briefly he wondered how many would die — but he didn’t dare follow the thought out.
He heard someone singing and paused. A wandering bard, begging his way from town to town, came down the street, his tattered cloak blowing fantastically about him. He plucked his harp with thin fingers, and his voice rose in an old ballad that held all the harsh ringing music, the great iron clamor of the old tongue, the language of Naarhaym on Skontar. Mentally, for a moment of wry amusement, Skorrogan rendered a few lines into Terrestrial:
Wildly the winging
War birds, flying
wake the winter-dead
wish for the sea-road.
Sweetheart, they summon me,
singing of flowers
fair for the faring.
Farewell, I love you.
It didn’t work. It wasn’t only that the metallic rhythm and hard barking syllables were lost, the intricate rhyme and alliteration, though that was part of it — but it just didn’t make sense in Terrestrial. The concepts were lacking. How could you render, well, such a word as vorkansraavin as “faring” and hope to get more than a mutilated fragment of meaning? Psychologies were simply too different.
And there, perhaps, lay his answer to the high chiefs. But they wouldn’t know. They couldn’t. And he was alone, and winter was coming again.
Valka Vahino sat in his garden and let sunlight wash over his bare skin. It was not often, these days, that he got a chance to aliacaui… What was that old Terrestrial word? “Siesta”? But that was wrong. A resting Cundaloan didn’t sleep in the afternoon. He sat or lay outdoors, with the sun soaking into his bones or a warm rain like a benediction over him, and he let his thoughts run free. Solarians called that daydreaming, but it wasn’t, it was, well — they had no real word for it. Psychic recreation was a clumsy term, and the Solarians never understood.
Sometimes it seemed to Vahino that he had never rested, not in an eternity of years. The grinding urgencies of wartime duty, and then his hectic journeys to Sol — and since then, in the past three years, the Great House had appointed him official liaison man at the highest level, assuming that he understood the Solarians better than anyone else in the League.
Maybe he did. He’d spent a lot of time with them and liked them as a race and as individuals. But — by all the spirits, how they worked! How they drove themselves! As if demons were after them.
Well, there was no other way to rebuild, to reform the old obsolete methods and grasp the dazzling new wealth which only lay waiting to be created. But right now it was wonderfully soothing to lie in his garden, with the great golden flowers nodding about him and filling the summer air with their drowsy scent, with a few honey insects buzzing past and a new poem growing in his head.
The Solarians seemed to have some difficulty in understanding a whole race of poets. When even the meanest and stupidest Cundaloan could stretch out in the sun and make lyrics — well, every race has its own peculiar talents. Who could equal the gadgeteering genius which the humans possessed?
The great soaring, singing lines thundered in his head. He turned them over, fashioning them, shaping every syllable, and fitting the pattern together with a dawning delight. This one would be — good! It would be remembered, it would be sung a century hence, and they wouldn’t forget Valka Vahino. He might even be remembered as a masterversemaker — Alia Amaui cau-ianriho, valana, valana, vro!
“Pardon, sir.” The flat metal voice shook in his brain, he felt the delicate fabric of the poem tear and go swirling off into darkness and forgetfulness. For a moment there was only the pang of his loss; he realized dully that the interruption had broken a sequence which he would never quite recapture.
“Pardon, sir, but Mr. Lombard wishes to see you.”
It was a sonic beam from the roboreceptionist which Lombard himself had given Vahino. The Cundaloan had felt the incongruity of installing its shining metal among the carved wood and old tapestries of his house, but he had not wanted to offend the donor — and the thing was useful.
Lombard, head of the Solarian reconstruction commission, the most important human in the Avaikian System. Just now Vabino appreciated the courtesy of the man’s coming to him rather than simply sending for him. Only — why did he have to come exactly at this moment?
“Tell Mr. Lombard I’ll be there in a minute.”
Vahino went in the back way and put on some clothes. Humans didn’t have the completely casual attitude toward nakedness of Cundaloa. Then he went into the forehall. He had installed some chairs there for the benefit of Earthlings, who didn’t like to squat on a woven mat-^-another incongruity. Lombard got up as Vahino entered.
The human was short and stocky, with a thick bush of gray hair above a seamed face. He had worked his way up from laborer through engineer to High Commissioner, and the marks of his struggle were still on him. He attacked work with what seemed almost a personal fury, and he could be harder than tool steel. But most of the time he was pleasant, he had an astonishing range of interests and knowledge, and, of course, he had done miracles for the Avaikian System.
“Peace on your house, brother,” said Vahino.
“How do you do,” clipped the Solarian. As his host began to signal for servants, he went on hastily: “Please, none of your ritual hospitality. I appreciate it, but there just isn’t time to sit and have a meal and talk cultural topics for three hours before getting down to business. I wish… well, you’re a native here and I’m not, so I wish you’d personally pass the word around — tactfully, of course — to discontinue this sort of thing.”
“But… they are among our oldest customs…”
“That’s just it! Old — backward — delaying progress. I don’t mean to be disparaging, Mr. Vahino. I wish we Solarians had some customs as charming as yours. But — not during working hours. Please.”
“Well… I dare say you’re right. It doesn’t fit into the pattern of a modern industrial civilization. And that is what we are trying to build, of course.” Vahino took a chair and offered his guest a cigarette. Smoking was one of Sol’s characteristic vices, perhaps the most easily transmitted and certainly the most easily defensible. Vahino lit up with the enjoyment of the neophyte. “Quite. Exactly. And that is really what I came here about, Mr. Vahino. I have no specific complaints, but there has accumulated a whole host of minor difficulties which only you Cundaloans can handle for yourselves. We Solarians can’t and won’t meddle in your internal affairs. But you must change some things, or we won’t be able to help yon at all.”
Vahino had a general idea of what was coming. He’d been expecting it for some time, he thought grayly, and there was really nothing to be done about it. But he took another puff of smoke, let it trickle slowly out, and raised his eyebrows in polite inquiry. Then he remembered that Solarians weren’t used to interpreting nuances of expression as part of a language, and said aloud, “Please say what you like. I realize no offense is meant, and none will be taken.”
“Good.” Lombard leaned forward, nervously clasping and unclasping his big work-scarred hands. “The plain fact is that your whole culture, your whole psychology, is unfitted to modern civilization. It can be changed, but the change will have to be drastic. You can do it — pass laws, put on propaganda campaigns, change the educational system, and so on. But it must be done.
“For instance, just this matter of the siesta. Right now, all through this time zone on the planet, hardly a wheel is turning, hardly a machine is tended, hardly a man is at his work. They’re all lying in the sun making poems or humming songs or just drowsing. There’s a whole civilization to be built, Vahino! There are plantations, mines, factories, cities abuilding — you just can’t do it on a four-hour working day.”
“No. But perhaps we haven’t the energy of your race. You are a hyperthyroid species, you know.”
“You’ll just have to learn. Work doesn’t have to be backbreaking. The whole aim of mechanizing your culture is to release you from physical labor and the uncertainty of dependence on the land. And a mechanical civilization can’t be cluttered with as many old beliefs and rituals and customs and traditions as yours is. There just isn’t time. Life is too short. And it’s too incongruous. You’re still like the Skontarans, lugging their silly spears around after they’ve lost all practical value.”
“Tradition makes life — the meaning of life…”
“The machine culture has its own tradition. You’ll learn. It has its own meaning, and I think that is the meaning of the future. If you insist on clinging to outworn habits, you’ll never catch up with history. Why, your currency system…”
“It’s practical.”
In its own field. But how can you trade with Sol if you base your credits on silver and Sol’s are an abstract actuarial quantity? You’ll have to convert to our system for purpose of trade — so you might as well change over at home, too. Similarly, you’ll have to learn the metric system if you expect to use our machines or make sense to our scientists. You’ll have to adopt… oh, everything!
“Why, your very society — No wonder you haven’t exploited even the planets of your own system when every man insists on being buried at his birthplace. It’s a pretty sentiment, but it’s no more than that, and you’ll have to get rid of it if you’re to reach the stars.
“Even your religion.. excuse me… but you must realize that it has many elements which modern science has flatly disproved.”
“I’m an agnostic,” said Vahino quietly. “But the religion of Mauiroa means a lot to many people.”
“If the Great House will let us bring in some missionaries, we can convert them to, say, Neopantheism. Which, I, for one, think has a lot more personal comfort and certainly more scientific truth than your mythology. If your people are to have faith at all, it must not conflict with jfacts which experience in a modern technology will soon make self-evident.”
“Perhaps. And I suppose the system of familial — bonds is too complex and rigid for modern industrial society… Yes, yes — there is more than a simple conversion of equipment involved.”
“To be sure. There’s a complete conversion of minds,” said Lombard. And then, gently, “After all, you’ll do it eventually. You were building spaceships and atomic-power plants right after Allan left. I’m simply suggesting that you speed up the process a little.”
“Well, without indulging in chauvinism, I think all Cundaloans should be taught Solarian. They’ll use it at some time or other in their lives. Certainly all your scientists and technicians will have to use it professionally. The languages of Laui and Muara and the rest are beautiful, but they just aren’t suitable for scientific concepts. Why, the agglutination alone — Frankly, your philosophical books read to me like so much gibberish. Beautiful, but almost devoid of meaning. Your language lacks — precision.”
“Aracles and Vranamaui were always regarded as models of crystal thought,” said Vahino wearily. “And I confess to not quite grasping your Kant and Russell and even KorzybskL — but then, I lack training in such lines of thought. No doubt you are right. The younger generation will certainly agree with you, “I’ll speak to the Great House and may be able to get something done now. But in any case you won’t have to wait many years. All our young men are striving to make themselves what you wish. It is the way to success.”
“It is,” said Lombard; and then, softly, “Sometimes I wish success didn’t have so high a price. But you need only look at Skontar to see how necessary it is.”
“Why — they’ve done wonders in the last three years. After the great famine they got bade on their feet, they’re rebuilding by themselves, they’ve even sent explorers looking for colonies out among the stars.” Vahino smiled wryly. “I don’t love our late enemies, but I must admire them.”
“They have courage,” admitted Lombard. “But what good is courage alone? They’re struggling in a tangle of obsolescence. Already the over-all production of Cundaloa is three times theirs. Their interstellar colonizing is no more than a feeble gesture of a few hundred individuals. Skontar can live, but it will always be a tenth-rate power. Before long it’ll be a Cundaloan satellite state.
“And it’s not that they lack resources, natural or otherwise. It’s that, having virtually flung our offer of help back in our faces, they’ve taken themselves out of the main stream of Galactic civilization. Why, they’re even trying to develop scientific concepts and devices we knew a hundred years ago, and are getting so far off the track that I’d laugh if it weren’t so pathetic. Their language, like yours, just isn’t adapted to scientific thought, and they’re carrying chains of rusty tradition around. I’ve seen some of the spaceships they’ve designed themselves, for instance, instead of copying Solarian models, and they’re ridiculous. Half a hundred different lines of approach, trying desperately to find the main line we took long ago. Spheres, ovoids, cubes — I hear someone even thinks he can build a tetrahedral spaceship!”
“It might just barely be possible,” mused Vahino. “The Riemannian geometry on which the interstellar drive itself is based would permit…”
“No, no! Earth tried that sort of thing and found it didn’t work. Only a crank — and, isolated, the scientists of Skontar are becoming a race of cranks — would think so.
“We humans were just fortunate, that’s all. Even we had a long history before a culture arose with the mentality appropriate to a scientific civilization. Before that, technological progress was almost at a standstill. Afterward, we reached the stars. Other races can do it, but first they’ll have to adopt the proper civilization, the proper mentality — and without our guidance, Skontar or any other planet isn’t likely to evolve that mentality for many centuries to come.
“Which reminds me…” Lombard fumbled in a pocket. “I have a journal here, from one of the Skontaran philosophical societies. A certain amount of communication still does take place, you know; there’s no official embargo on either side. It’s just that Sol has given Skang up as a bad job. Anyway” — he fished out a magazine…”there’s one of their philosophers, Dyrin, who’s doing some new work on general semantics which seems to be arousing quite a furor. You read Skontaran, don’t you?”
“Yes,” said Vahino. “I was in military intelligence during the war. Let me see…” He leafed through the journal to the article and began translating aloud:
“The writer’s previous papers show that the principle of nonelementalism is not itself altogether a universal, but must be subject to certain psychomathe-matical reservations arising from consideration of the broganar — that’s a word I don’t understand — field, which couples to electronic wave-nuclei and…”
“What is that jabberwocky?” exploded Lombard.
“I don’t know,” said Vahino helplessly. “The Skontaran mind is as alien to me as to you.”
“Gibberish,” said Lombard. “With the good old Skontaran to-hell-with-you dogmatism thrown in.” He threw the magazine on the little bronze brazier, and fire licked at its thin pages. “Utter nonsense, as anyone with any knowledge of general semantics, or even an atom of common sense, can see.” He smiled crookedly, a little sorrowfully, and shook his head. “A race of cranks!”
“I wish you could spare me a few hours tomorrow,” said Skorrogan.
“Well — I suppose so.” Thordin XI, Valtam of the Empire of Skontar, nodded his thinly maned head. “Though next week would be a little more convenient.”
“Tomorrow — please.”
The note of urgency could not be denied. “All right,” said Thordin. “But what will be going on?”
“I’d like to take you on a little jaunt over to Cundaloa.”
“Why there, of all places? And why must it be tomorrow, of all times?”
“I’ll tell you — then.” Skorrogan inclined his head, still thickly maned though it was quite white now, and switched off his end of the telescreen.
Thordin smiled in some puzzlement. Skorrogan was an odd fellow in many ways. But. . well. . we old men have to stick together. There is a new generation, and one after that, pressing on our heels.
No doubt thirty-odd years of living in virtual ostracism had changed the old joyously confident Skorrogan. But it had, at least, not embittered him. When the slow success of Skontar had become so plain that his own failure could be forgotten, the circle of his friends had very gradually included him again. He still lived much alone, but he was no longer unwelcome wherever he went. Thordin, in particular, had discovered that their old friendship could be as alive as ever before, and he was often over to the Citadel of Kraaka-haym, or Skorrogan to the palace. He had even offered the old noble a position back in the High Council, but it had been refused, and another ten years — or was it twenty? — had gone by with Skorrogan fulfilling no more than his hereditary duties as duke. Until now, for the first time, something like a favor was being asked… Yes, he thought, I’ll go tomorrow. To blazes with work. Monarchs deserve holidays, too.
Thordin got up from his chair and limped over to the broad window. The new endocrine treatments were doing wonders for his rheumatism, but their effect wasn’t quite complete yet. He shivered a little as he looked at the wind-driven snow sweeping down over the valley. Winter was coming again.
The geologists said that Skontar was entering another glacial epoch. But it would never get there. In another decade or so the climate engineers would have perfected their techniques and the glaciers would be driven back into the north. But meanwhile it was cold and white outside, and a bitter wind hooted around the palace towers.
It would be summer in the southern hemisphere now, fields would be green, and smoke would rise from freeholders’ cottages into a warm blue sky. Who had headed that scientific team? — Yes, Aesgayr Haasting’s son. His work on agronomics and genetics had made it possible for a population of independent smallholders to produce enough food for the new scientific civilization. The old freeman, the backbone of Skontar in all her history, had not died out.
Other things had changed, of course. Thordin smiled wryly as he reflected just how much the Valtamate had changed in the last fifty years. It had been Dyrin’s work in general semantics, so fundamental to all the sciences, which had led to the new psychosymbologi-cal techniques of government. Skontar was an empire in name only now. It had resolved the paradox of a libertarian state with a nonelective and efficient government. All to the good, of course, and really it was what past Skontaran history had been slowly and painfully evolving toward. But the new science had speeded up the process, compressed centuries of evolution into two brief generations. As physical and biological science had accelerated beyond belief — But it was odd that the arts, music, literature had hardly changed, that handicraft survived, that the old High Naarhaym was still spoken.
Well, so it went. Thordin turned back toward his desk. There was work to be done. Like that matter of the colony on Aesric’s Planet — You couldn’t expect to run several hundred thriving interstellar colonies without some trouble. But it was minor. The empire was safe. And it was growing.
They’d come a long way from the day of despair fifty years ago, and from the famine and pestilence and desolation which followed. A long way — Thordin wondered if even he realized just how far.
He picked up the microreader and glanced over the pages. His mind training came back to him and he arrished the material. He couldn’t handle the new techniques as easily as those of the younger generation, trained in them from birth, but it was a wonderful help to arrish, complete the integration in his subconscious, and indolate the probabilities. He wondered how he had ever survived the old days of reasoning on a purely conscious level.
Thordin came out of the warp just outside Kraaka-haym Citadel. Skorrogan had set the point of emergence there, rather than indoors, because he liked the view. It was majestic, thought the Valtam, but dizzying — a wild swoop of gaunt gray crags and wind-riven clouds down to the far green valley below. Above him loomed the old battlements, with the black-winged kraakar which had given the place its name hovering and cawing in the sky. The wind roared and boomed about him, driving dry white snow before it.
The guards raised their spears in salute. They were unarmed otherwise, and the vortex guns on the castle walls were corroding away. No need for weapons in the heart of an empire second only to Sol’s dominions. Skorrogan stood waiting in the courtyard. Fifty years had not bent his back much or taken the fierce golden luster from his eyes. It seemed to Thordin today, though, that the old being wore an air of taut and inwardly blazing eagerness: he seemed somehow to be looking toward the end of a journey.
Skorrogan gave conventional greeting and invited him in. “Not now, thanks,” said Thordin. “I really am very busy. I’d like to start the trip at once.”
The duke murmured the usual formula of polite regret, but it was plain that he could hardly wait, that he could ill have stood an hour’s dawdling indoors. “Then please come,” he said. “My cruiser is all set to go.”
It was cradled behind the looming building, a sleek little roboship with the bewildering outline of all tetra-hedral craft. They entered and took their seats at the center, which, of course, looked directly out beyond the hull.
“Now,” said Thordin, “perhaps you’ll tell me why you want to go to Cundaloa today?”
Skorrogan gave him a sudden look in which an old pain stirred.
“Today, he said slowly, “it is exactly fifty years since I came back from Sol.”
“Yes —?” Thordin was puzzled and vaguely uncomfortable. It wasn’t like the taciturn old fellow to rake up that forgotten score.
“You probably don’t remember,” said Skorrogan, “but if you want to vargan it from your subconscious, you’ll perceive that I said to them, then, that they could come back in fifty years and beg my pardon.”
“So now you want to vindicate yourself.” Thordin felt no surprise — it was typically Skontaran psychology — but he still wondered what there was to apologize for.
“I do. At that time I couldn’t explain. Nobody would have listened, and in any case I was not perfectly sure myself that I had done right.” Skorrogan smiled, and his thin hands set the controls. “Now I am. Time has justified me. And I will redeem what honor I lost then by showing you, today, that I didn’t really fail.
“Instead, I succeeded. You see, I alienated the Solarians on purpose.”
He pressed the main-drive stud, and the ship flashed through half a light-year of space. The great blue shield of Cundaloa rolled majestically before them, shining softly against a background of a million blazing stars.
Thordin sat quietly, letting the simple and tremendous statement filter through all the levels of his mind. His first emotional reaction was a vaguely surprised realization that, subconsciously, he had been expecting something like this. He hadn’t ever really believed, deep down inside himself, that Skorrogan could be an incompetent.
Instead — no, not a traitor. But — what, then? What had he meant? Had he been mad, all these years, or…
“You haven’t been to Cundaloa much since the war, have you?” asked Skorrogan.
“No — only three times, on hurried business. It’s a prosperous system. Solar help put them on their feet again.”
“Prosperous… yes, yes, they are.” For a moment a smile tugged at the corners of Skorrogan’s mouth, but it was a sad little smile, it was as if he were trying to cry but couldn’t quite manage it. “A bustling, successful little system, with all of three colonies among the stars.”
With a sudden angry gesture he slapped the short-range controls and the ship warped down to the surface. It landed in a corner of the great spaceport at Cundaloa City, and the robots about the cradle went to work, checking it in and throwing a protective force-dome about it.
“What — now?” whispered Thordin. He felt, suddenly, dimly afraid; he knew vaguely that he wouldn’t like what he was going to see.
“Just a little stroll through the capital,” said Skorrogan. “With perhaps a few side trips around the planet. I wanted us to come here unofficially, incognito, because that’s the only way we’ll ever see the real world, the day-to-day life of living beings which is so much more important and fundamental than any number of statistics and economic charts. I want to show you what I saved Skontar from.” He smiled again, wryly. “I gave my life for my planet, Thordin. Fifty years of it, anyway — fifty years of loneliness and disgrace.”
They emerged into the clamor of the great steel and concrete plain and crossed over the gates. There was a steady flow of beings in and out, a never-ending flux, the huge restless energy of Solarian civilization. A large proportion of the crowd was human, come to Avaiki on business or pleasure, and there were some representatives of other races. But the bulk of the throng was, naturally, native Cundaloans. Sometimes one had a little trouble telling them from the humans. After all, the two species looked much alike, and with the Cundaloans all wearing Solarian dress…
Thordin shook his head in some bewilderment at the roar of voices. “I can’t understand,” he shouted to Skorrogan. “I know Cundaloan, both Laui and Muasa tongues, but…”
“Of course not,” answered Skorrogan. “Most of them here are speaking Solarian. The native languages are dying out fast.”
A plump Solarian in shrieking sports clothes was yelling at an impassive native storekeeper who stood outside his shop. “Hey, you boy, gimme him fella souvenir chop-chop…”
“Pidgin Solarian,” grimaced Skorrogan. “It’s on its way out, too, what with all young Cundaloans being taught the proper speech from the ground up. But tourists never learn.” He scowled, and for a moment his hand shifted to his blaster.
But no — times changed. You did not wipe out someone who simply happened to be personally objectionable, not even on Skontar. Not any more.
The tourist turned and bumped him. “Oh, so sorry,” he exclaimed, urbanely enough. “I should have looked where I was going.”
“Is no matter,” shrugged Skorrogan.
The Solarian dropped into a struggling and heavily accented High Naarhaym: “I really must apologize, though. May I buy you a drink?”
“No matter,” said Skorrogan, with a touch of grimness.
“What a Planet! Backward as… as Pluto! I’m going on to Skontar from here. I hope to get a business contract — you know how to do business, you Skontarans!”
Skorrogan snarled and swung away, fairly dragging Thordin with him. They had gone half a block dSwn the motilator before the Valtam asked, “What happened to your manners? He was trying hard to be civil to us. Or do you just naturally hate humans?”
“I like most of them,” said Skorrogan. “But not their tourists. Praise the Fate, we don’t get many of that breed on Skontar. Their engineers and businessmen and students are all right. I’m glad that relations between Sol and Skang are close, so we can get many of that sort. But keep out the tourists!”
Skorrogan gestured violently at a flashing neon poster. “That’s why.” He translated the Solarian:
SEE THE ANCIENT MAUIROA CEREMONIES!
COLORFUL! AUTHENTIC! THE MAGIC OF OLD CUNDALOA!
AT THE TEMPLE OF THE HIGH ONE ADMISSION REASONABLE
“The religion of Mauiroa meant something, once,” said Skorrogan quietly. “It was a noble creed, even if it did have certain unscientific elements. Those could have been changed — But it’s too late now. Most of the natives are either Neopantheists or unbelievers, and they perform the old ceremonies for money. For a show.”
He grimaced. “Cundaloa hasn’t lost all its picturesque old buildings and folkways and music and the rest of its culture. But it’s become conscious that they are picturesque, which is worse.”
“I don’t quite see what you’re so angry about,” said Thordin. “Times have changed. But they have on Skontar, too.”
“Not in this way. Look around you, man! You’ve never been in the Solar System, but you must have seen pictures from it. Surely you realize that this is a typical Solarian city — a little backward, maybe, but typical. You won’t find a city in the Avaikian System which isn’t essentially — human.
“You won’t find significant art, literature, music here any more — just cheap imitations of Solarian products, or else an archaistic clinging to outmoded native traditions, romantic counterfeiting of the past. You won’t find science that isn’t essentially Solarian, you won’t find machines basically different from Solarian, you’ll find fewer homesr-every year which can be told from human houses. The old society is dead; only a few fragments remain now. The familial bond, the very basis of native culture, is gone, and marriage relations are as casual as on Earth itself. The old feeling for the land is gone. There are hardly any tribal farms left; the young men are all coming to the cities to earn a million credits. They eat the products of Solarian-type food factories, and you can only get native cuisine in a few expensive restaurants.
“There are no more handmade pots, no more hand-woven cloths. They wear what the factories put out. There are no more bards chanting the old lays and making new ones. They look at die telescreen now. There are no more philosophers of the Araclean or Vranamauian schools, there are just second-rate commentaries on Aristotle versus Korzybski or the Russell theory of knowledge…”
Skorrogan’s voice trailed off. Thordin said softly, after a moment, “I see what you’re getting at. Cundaloa has made itself over to fit the Solarian pattern.”
“Just so. It was inevitable from the moment they accepted help from Sol. They’d have to adopt Solar science, Solar economics, ultimately the whole Solar culture. Because that would be the only pattern which would make sense to the humans who were taking the lead in reconstruction. And, since that culture was obviously successful, Cundaloa adopted it. Now it’s too late. They can never go back. They don’t even want to go back.
“It’s happened before, you know. I’ve studied the history of Sol. Back before the human race even reached the other planets of its system, there were many cultures, often radically different. But ultimately one of them, the so-called Western society, became so overwhelmingly superior technologically that.. well, no others could coexist with it. To compete, they had to adopt the very approach of the West. And when the West helped them from their backwardness, it necessarily helped them into a Western pattern. With the best intentions in the world, the West annihilated all other ways of life.”
“And you wanted to save us from that?” asked Thor-din. “I see your point, in a way. Yet I wonder if the sentimental value of old institutions was equal to some millions of lives lost, to a decade of sacrifice and suffering.”
“It was more than sentiment!” said Skorrogan tensely. “Can’t you see? Science is the future. To amount to anything, we had to become scientific. But was Solarian science the only way? Did we have to become second-rate humans to survive — or could we strike out on a new path, unhampered by the overwhelming helpfulness of a highly developed but essentially alien way of life? I thought we could. I thought we would have to.
“You see, no nonhuman race will ever make a really successful human. The basic psychologies — metabolic rates, instincts, logical patterns, everything — are too different. One race can think in terms of another’s mentality, but never too well. You know how much trouble there’s been in translating from one language to another. And all thought is in language, and language reflects the basic patterns of thought. The most precise, rigorous, highly thought out philosophy and science of one species will never quite make sense to another race. Because they are making somewhat different abstractions from the same great basic reality.
“I wanted to save us from becoming Sol’s spiritual dependents. Skang was backward. It had to change its ways. But — why change them into a wholly alien pattern? Why not, instead, force them rapidly along the natural path of evolution — our own path?”
Skorrogan shrugged. “I did,” he finished quietly. “It was a tremendous gamble, but it worked. We saved our own culture. It’s ours. Forced by necessity to become scientific on our own, we developed our own approach.
“You know the result. Dyrin’s semantics was developed — Solarian scientists would have laughed it to abortion. We developed the tetrahedral ship, which human engineers said was impossible, and now we can cross the Galaxy while an old-style craft goes from Sol to Alpha Centauri. We perfected the spacewarp, the psychosymbology of our own race — not valid for any other — the new agronomic system which preserved the freeholder who is basic to our culture — everything! In fifty years Cundaloa has been revolutionized, Skontar has revolutionized itself. There’s a universe of difference.
“And we’ve therefore saved the intangibles which are our own, the art and handicrafts and essential folkways, music, language, literature, religion. The balm of our success is not only taking us to the stars, making us one of the great powers in the Galaxy, but it is producing a renaissance in those intangibles equaling any Golden Age in history.
“And all because we remained ourselves.”
He fell into silence, and Thordin said nothing for a while. They had come into a quieter side street, an old quarter where most of the buildings antedated the coming of the Solarians, and many ancient-style native clothes were still to be seen. A party of human tourists was being guided through the district and had clustered about an open pottery booth.
“Well?” said Skorrogan after a while. “Well?”
“I don’t know.” Thordin rubbed his eyes, a gesture of confusion. “This is all so new to me. Maybe you’re right. Maybe not. I’ll have to think a while about it.”
“I’ve had fifty years to think about it,” said Skorrogan bleakly. “I suppose you’re entitled to a. few minutes.”
They drifted up to the booth. An old Cundaloan sat in it among a clutter of goods, brightly painted vases and bowls and cups. Native work. A woman was haggling over one of the items.
“Look at it,” said Skorrogan to Thordin. “Have you ever seen the old work? This is cheap stuff made by the thousands for the tourist trade. The designs are corrupt, the workmanship’s shoddy. But every loop and line in those designs had meaning once.”
Their eyes fell on one vase standing beside the old boothkeeper, and even the unimpressionable Valtam drew a shaky breath. It glowed, that vase. It seemed almost alive; in a simple shining perfection of clean lines and long smooth curves, someone had poured all his love and longing into it. Perhaps he had thought: This will live when I am gone.
Skorrogan whistled. “That’s an authentic old vase,” he said. “At least a century old — a museum piece! How’d it get in this junk shop?”
The clustered humans edged a little away from the two giant Skontarans, and Skorrogan read their expressions with a wry inner amusement: They stand in some awe of us. Sol no longer hates Skontar; it admires Us. It sends its young men to learn our science and language. But who cares about Cundaloa any more?
But the woman followed his eyes and saw the vase glowing beside the old vendor. She turned back to him: “How much?”
“No sell,” said the Cundaloan. His voice was a dusty whisper, and he hugged his shabby mantle closer about him.
“You sell.” She gave him a bright artificial smile. “I give you much money. I give you ten credits.”
“No sell.”
“I give you hundred credits. Sell!”
“This mine. Family have it since old days. No sell.”
“Five hundred credits!” She waved the money before him.
He clutched the vase to his thin chest and looked up with dark liquid eyes in which the easy tears of the old were starting forth. “No sell. Go‘way. No sell oomaui.”
“Come on,” mumbled Thordin. He grabbed Skorrogan’s arm and pulled him away. “Let’s go. Let’s get back to Skontar.”
“So soon?”
“Yes. Yes. You were right, Skorrogan. You were right, and I am going to make public apology, and you are the greatest savior of history. But let’s get home!”
They hurried down the street. Thordin was trying hard to forget the old Cundaloan’s eyes. But he wondered if he ever would.
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Did Deep Blue beat Kasparov because of a computer bug?
By Klint Finley
In May 1997, an IBM supercomputer known as Deep Blue beat then chess world champion Garry Kasparov, who had once bragged he would never lose to a machine.
Kasparov and other chess masters blamed the defeat on a single move made by the IBM machine. Either at the end of the first game or the beginning of the second, depending on who's telling the story, the computer made a sacrifice that seemed to hint at its long-term strategy.
Kasparov and many others thought the move was too sophisticated for a computer, suggesting there had been some sort of human intervention during the game. "It was an incredibly refined move, of defending while ahead to cut out any hint of countermoves," grandmaster Yasser Seirawan told Wired.com in 2001, "and it sent Garry into a tizzy."
Fifteen years after the historical match, one of Big Blue's designers says the move was the result of a bug in Deep Blue's software.
The revelation was published in a book by statistician and New York Times journalist Nate Silver, titled The Signal and the Noise -- and promptly highlighted by Ezra Klein of the Washington Post.
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By Andrew Williams
For his book, Silver interviewed Murray Campbell, one of the three IBM computer scientists who designed Deep Blue, and Murray told him that the machine was unable to select a move and simply picked one at random.
At the time, Deep Blue versus Kasparov was hailed as a seminal moment in the history of computer science -- and lamented as a humiliating defeat for the human intellect. But it may have just been a lesson that as humans, we tend to blow things way out of proportion.
Many chess masters have long claimed that Kasparov was at a significant disadvantage during the match. Deep Blue's designers had the opportunity to tweak Deep Blue's programming between matches to adapt to Kasparov's style and strategy. They also had access to the full history of his previous public matches.
Kasparov had no similar record of Deep Blue's performance.
Because the machine had been heavily modified since he had last played it, he was essentially going in blind. That strange move was chalked up to these advantages.
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By Emily Peck
The IBM team did tweak the algorithms between games, but part of what they were doing was fixing the bug that resulted in that unexpected move. The machine made a mistake, then they made sure it wouldn't do it again. The irony is that the move had messed with Kasporav's mind, and there was no one to fix this bug. "Kasparov had concluded that the counterintuitive play must be a sign of superior intelligence," Campbell told Silver. "He had never considered that it was simply a bug."
It's tempting to think there's a lesson here about human nature.
After all, a human mistake in the development of the software led to the machine's victory. It's sort of reassuring to think that a human flaw is actually what made Deep Blue successful. But it's not clear that things would have turned out all that differently had that bug never surfaced.
Years after the final Deep Blue match, both Kasparov and Vladimir Kramnik, his successor as world chess champion, played against various versions of Deep Blue's successor Fritz. But in these matches, no code modifications were permitted between games.
Kramnik even had the chance to play against the software in advance of the matches, and had the right to adjourn a game until the next if it went past 56 moves.
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The results aren't that encouraging for humans.
Kasparov's match against X3D Frintz in 2003 ended in a draw. So did Kramnik's first match against Fritz in 2002.
And Kramnik lost to Fritz due to a blunder in 2006.
These weren't decisive victories for the machines, but the humans still couldn't win. Even though humans can conceive of strategies to counteract the computation advantage of computers, we get tired, make blunders, and suffer from anxiety. Machines never get tired or flustered.
But the relationship between chess players and computers is actually more symbiotic than adversarial. Today's chess masters use computers extensively as learning aids.
That said, today's computers make Deep Blue look puny. Maybe it's time for a rematch.
Source: Wired.com
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By Amit Katwala
Sex and Love
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By James Silver
These scary deep-sea fish absorb almost all the light that hits them
By Matt Simon
We asked a bunch of ten year olds how they use technology
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The Last of Us Day 2020 Reveals Gorgeous Art from Kojima Productions' Yoji Shinkawa
Yoji Shinkawa is known for his work on the Metal Gear franchise and Death Stranding.
byAdam Bankhurst
Posted Sept. 28, 2020, 5:01 a.m.
As part of The Last of Us Day 2020's celebrations, Naughty Dog revealed some new gorgeous art by Kojima Productions' Yoji Shinkawa of Ellie, Abby, and Joel.
This new artwork, which you can see below, is very reminiscent of Shinkawa's previous art from both the Metal Gear franchise and Death Stranding, and you can download it for free on PC or mobile to use as a wallpaper, if you so choose.
In addition to this artwork, Mondo revealed new The Last of Us 2 posters and vinyl with striking art from Tula Lotay.
The day before The Last of Us Day 2020, Naughty Dog announced it would be changing the name of its Outbreak Day to The Last of Us Day due to COVID-19 and "the events of the last year and the challenges we all continue to face."
It also teased some of the fun for The Last of Us Day 2020, including that CMON is developing a The Last of Us board game, a new free The Last of Us Part II Beach Theme would be available to all PS4 users, and new statues of Joel and Ellie would be made available.
While there wasn't much breaking news from these festivities, The Last of Us Part 2 writer/director Neil Druckman did give the vaguest of teases for the next iteration of The Last of Us' Faction multiplayer that was cut from The Last of Us Part 2, but was promised to return in some form.
Thank you to all the wonderful fans for an incredible #TheLastofUsDay ! Your positivity and love is incredibly inspiring," Druckman wrote. "Oh... and about that other thing... be patient. It’ll be worth it."
Have a tip for us? Want to discuss a possible story? Please send an email to newstips@ign.com.
Adam Bankhurst is a news writer for IGN. You can follow him on Twitter @AdamBankhurst and on Twitch.
Developer: Naughty Dog Software
Platforms: PlayStation 4
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Naughty Dog Changes The Last of Us' Outbreak Day Name, Will Have Announcements This Weekend
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Home > Blog > Life > Chipotle ADA Suit Is a Big, Fat Flop
Chipotle ADA Suit Is a Big, Fat Flop
August 23 2011 | by Suzanne Robitaille
As I sit in a Starbucks watching baristas serve up morning coffee drinks from behind wood-paneled counters, I think about how easy it would be for Maurizio Antoninetti to sue them. Antoninetti, of San Diego, successfully brought a lawsuit against Chipotle Mexican Grill and yesterday the Supreme Court denied Chipotle’s appeal. The four-foot-high counter at Chipotle, the suit claims, prohibits people in wheelchairs from seeing and selecting their food first-hand, which is in violation of the Americans with Disabilities Act. Antoninetti says he is being prevented from “participating in the restaurant experience.”
This is a situation people with disabilities know too well, including me. (I’m deaf.) Minutes ago, when the barista at Starbucks asked for my name so she could write it on my cup, I knew I’d never hear my name being called out amid the loud coffee grinders and jazz music. So I did what I always do: Stand at deep watch, Mermaid-themed coffee jacket in hand, psycho-stalking the barista with my eyes so I can lip-read when she calls “Sue.” It’s what I do.
Deep-pocketed restaurants like Starbucks and Chipotle are an easy target for disability lawsuits. Since the ADA passed in 1990, plaintiffs with disabilities nationwide have filed thousands of lawsuits related to architecture and other excluding barriers. The outcomes of ADA access lawsuits are generally favorable to plaintiffs and can result in accessibility improvements for people with disabilities. But increasingly, these cases are frivolent, bombastic, lack common sense and hurt businesses.
This is especially true for small businesses. The San Francisco Chronicle reported in December that disability lawsuits are killing small businesses in the city. An independent bookstore closed up shop after Craig Thomas Yates, who uses a wheelchair, sued the bookstore, two other merchants and the landlord of a nearby building, demanding alterations and monetary damages. The bookstore owner couldn’t afford the accommodations Yates says were necessary under the ADA, including expanding the small shop to make more room for his wheelchair.
An alternative to this unfortunate scenario? Yates might have asked the shop owner to bring books to him. He might have gone to another bookstore, taking his money with him. He might have told his friends not to patronize the location and made public comments on websites like Yelp and JJ’s List, a place for people with disabilities to rate businesses and services.
Like Yates, Antoninetti is also a serial litigant who has sued other businesses in California but dropped the lawsuits upon receiving cash settlements, according to Huffington Post.
Like Yates, Antoninetti also had alternatives: Chipotle’s staff offered to bring spoonfuls of the servings to Antoninetti so he could see the food before purchasing. He could have ordered online or using an iPhone app, skipping the counter process. He could have taken his appetite, and his wallet, elsewhere.
Chipotle founder Steve Ells, who is now a judge on NBC’s America’s Next Great Restaurant, constantly talks up the importance of the restaurant experience. He’s also a master of efficiency — hence, a successful chain of line-based, fast-food burrito joints. I bet he’d say that showing plastic “spoonfuls” of black beans to people in wheelchairs is not part of the Chipotle experience. I bet he’s wishing he could eat those words.
People with disabilities should have equal access to all goods and services like everyone else. Establishments should have curb cuts, ramps and room for wheelchairs to maneuver, when feasible. Restaurants should offer menus in alternative formats like large print and Braille (or servers should offer to read the menu aloud.) This is good business, and helps our society. Don’t believe me? Wait until your mom turns 70, uses a walker, and has two cataracts.
But these serial litigants are not suing to advance a common accessibility goal. They, like the lawyers that represent them, are often money-hungry and, as the San Francisco bookshop owner says, “picking off [businesses] like grapes on a vine.” Deliberately ignoring common sense, these litigants turn a blind eye to their physical limitations in order to flout the law.
There is both a silver lining and a black eye to the Chipotle lawsuit. On the positive side, the restaurant will be required to build a lower countertops, which will improve access for people using wheelchairs. But with the continuation of frivolous lawsuits, the ADA will continue to be a stigma on the backs of businesses and entrepreneurs who will be afraid to innovate, accommodate and otherwise engage consumers with disabilities. I, for one, don’t want to see that happen.
– Suzanne Robitaille
Jim Tobias
I definitely agree with the opinions expressed here; some of these lawsuits have no long-lasting positive effect on accessibility, are rarely aimed at the biggest problems people with disabilities face, and, when really abusive or nonsensical, tend to decrease public support for accessibility.
Maybe there’s a way that the accessibility community can shame some of these folks, by calling them out, suggesting more common-sense solutions than cookie-cutter compliance, and even showing a willingness to testify in defense of some businesses.
For people who are not aware of her, Lainey Feingold (http://lflegal.com) has been succeeding at getting results in accessibility without lawsuits, using “structured negotiation” — she’s led a lot of the work on talking ATMs and other electronic accommodations.
Pingback: ShellyBlog » Today’s Shared Items – May 8, 2011
http://profile.yahoo.com/5KC5LSKCTNYHVOEVTMACXZVIBU Mr. FaKetrix
Even being in a wheel chair I’d like to kick this guy’s ass. I’m not going to fault others for not being able to afford accommodations for myself. That’s like suing a company after a job interview because you don’t meet their education qualifications.
Suzanne Robitaille
I agree. I’m not even going to bother writing about these lawsuits anymore. Litigation for litigation’s sake is not good for our country.
Chaosfeminist
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EEOC Says Asking for Health Stats Violates ADA
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Robotic Suit Helps Paralyzed Walk Again
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All Welcome! Thursday evenings at the BMI
EventsWhat's on
Spielvogel Memorial
Barrow van Riel
Teters Memorial
Koelle Tournament
Blitz Tournament
Rapid Tournaments
Fletcher Morrow
Begonia Open
Victorian Rural Chess League
Ballarat Junior Chess
NewsWhat's up
MembersLists, fees
Ratings - ACF
LinksGames etc
Help with Chess
Who, When, Where
Jan 14th 7:30pm @ BMI
Casual chess will be played and we can get used to implementing Covid safe practices on this first night of Club Chess for 2021.
Come along and have some fun!
Blitz No.1 Jan 21 @ BMI
The Ernie Greenhalgh Blitz Tournaments of 2021 is a Grand Prix cycle of five, 7 round tournaments of 5 minutes and 5 second increment, throughout the year, with a player's best 3 scores deciding the title. There is a $75 prize for the King or Queen of the clock!
Chess Coaching 2021
The Term 1 Chess Coaching sessions are due to commence on 28 January 2021. We welcome enrolments from any junior chess player whether they have been part of the program previously or not.
Term 1 - 28th January 2021 – 1st April 2021
Term 2 - 22nd April 2021 – 24th June 2021
Term 3 - 15th July 2021 – 16th September 2021
Term 4 - 7th October 2021 – 9th December 2021
We are planning for a more ‘normal’ 2021 with expectation that our regular face to face meetings at the BMI will resume. At this stage we expect meetings at the BMI to resume on Thursday 14th January. Rob has posted an interim calendar of events for the year on the website. Check this regularly for any updates. We are looking ahead positively and with enthusiasm, but if circumstances change then we now have a fall back position online. We are aiming to meet physically at the BMI on Thursday nights and online via chess.com on Monday nights.
The Ballarat Junior Chess Club coaching sessions will resume at the BMI at 6.00pm on Thursday 28th January with Jasan and Ruari as coaches. Registrations are now open at www.ballaratchess.com/bjcc/enrol and we hope to be able to regain the momentum we had built before we had to move online. If that is the case then we will look to expand the program.
At this stage we are planning to hold the 2021 Begonia Open tournament in March at the Ballarat Tech School in a similar manner as we did this year. We have already received entries including one from a grandmaster. Further details are on the club website.
The committee is hopeful of staging some Allegro Tournaments on Sundays at the BMI throughout the year. More details on that a bit later.
Finally, I wish chess players and their families all the best for Christmas and the Holiday period and especially a Happy and Healthy New Year.
It has been quite an amazing year for everyone including our club. We have experienced life under the massive influence of the Covid-19 global pandemic which included travel restrictions, lockdowns and even a curfew for some of our members based in Melbourne. The club however has continued to function actively and quite incredibly has flourished during this period. We will finish the year with 68 online members which is over 50% more than we had at the start of the year!
The club has welcomed a number of new online members many of whom are located in and around Ballarat. Some are more remote and include a few who were regulars at the club before they moved away. We recognise that playing chess online is not the same and it does not suit all our members. We are looking forward to returning to the BMI and meeting some of our new members across the board over the coming months.
Following the curtailment of face to face meetings in mid-March we have been able to offer members an array of activities online and even some additional regular activities on a Monday night in addition to the Thursday evening sessions.
The first 6 rounds of the Spielvogel Memorial Tournament were played at the BMI before it was abruptly truncated. The result was a tie for first between Simon Rutherford and Bas van Riel with the Reserve section being won by Justin Goodison.
In January this year we re-launched the Ballarat Junior Chess Club which included a new Junior Coaching program under the guidance and direction of Simon Rutherford, Jasan Barnett and Ruari Coffey. This rapidly expanded to 16 students before Covid-19 forced the sessions online and caused a reduction in numbers.
The 2020 Begonia Open was the last of the major chess tournaments played in Australia before government restrictions caused cancellations nationwide. We received 132 entries and the result was a 4 way tie for first between GM Zong-Yuan Zhao, GM Moulthun Ly, IM Mark Chapman and Jesse Jager. Ballarat players to win rating prizes were Scott Stewart, Harrison, Sean Macak and Ben Naughton.
The Teters Memorial Tournament was the first classic time control event played online and resulted in a win to Garry Voigt and for Leonard Goodison in the Reserve section.
Garry Voigt then demonstrated his good online form with an impressive win in the Koelle Tournament and the Douglas brothers Dylan and Kalen shared first place in the Reserve section.
A regular feature of our annual program has been inter-club matches. This year 4 matches were played online against Box Hill where we scored 10 wins to 38 losses, Canterbury Juniors 11/21, Bendigo 7.5/2.5 and Geelong 3/7. Then there was the chess.com international league matches in which we did quite well and even managed to win some but were generally under manned since the timing was not always convenient for many of our members.
Two lectures by FM Simon Rutherford on ‘The 2 Bishops’ and ‘Carlsen’ were held during the year and they were well attended and enjoyed by members.
The AGM was successfully held online via Zoom on 10th September. It was well attended and Scott Stewart agreed to join the committee. Following his relocation to Ballarat after lockdown and curfew in Melbourne, he showed what a valuable club member he was by offering to organise the International League matches on chess.com which added an international dimension to club activities for the first time ever. This encouraged our overseas member Arthur Koelle to join us for a few games. Scott also volunteered to join the Begonia Committee.
The Annual Club Championships are the premier intra-club activity each year. This year they were held online with the usual A, B & C grade sections, but a new Associates section was added to cater for online members. A tie for first place in the A grade between James Watson and Scott Stewart was resolved in favour of the latter in a play-off game. Other winners were B grade Leonard Goodison, C grade Lewin Blanch and Associates Nigel Barrow. Nigel now lives in Bendigo but was a club member when he won our B grade section in 1991. This year’s A grade division included 9 previous champions out of the 12 competitors. It was great to ‘see’ former locals George Maksacheff, Joel Beggs, James and Scott back competing at our highest level along with Bjorn Lategan and Patrick Lenne in the B grade.
5 Blitz and 3 Rapid events were held throughout the year and both resulted in wins for our top rated player FM Simon Rutherford. Whenever Simon is able to compete in events at the club the competition rises to another level, so we hope he can join us again for some events in 2021.
The Victorian Country Championship was held at Geelong in early December was one of the first face to face events held in Victoria after the government restrictions were eased. Six local players competed with Sean Macak and Ruari Coffey being the best of the local players. It was pleasing to see one of our new members Franco (Nando) Espinoza competing in his first over the board event for the club.
The Jasan Barnett inspired Triathlon tournament was the final event of the year and the first time that players were able to resume more or less normal chess playing conditions in Ballarat. James Watson claimed his second Gold medal with a picket fence and we were delighted to see our hard working Secretary Anna Yates win the Silver medal for her first win in a club event.
The Club Website has become the hub for all club related matters. It communicates details of our activities, posts results, games, photos and a wealth of details including our historical club information. We should all be very grateful for what our webmaster Rob Loveband is building and what the website has provided us with throughout 2020. Thanks to Bas as well for his continual work on building the club history section and to Patrick for his insightful tournament reports. Rob has also managed to attract over 120 followers on the club Facebook page.
During the year we had two new very young members join the club and compete in our events to the amazement of onlookers. Firstly there was 9 year old Paul Dao who moved to Ballarat with his family from Newcastle and taught many of us oldies a lesson or two online. Based on his recent results he is already a very highly rated player. Then there was 5 year old Berkin Stewart (Scott’s son) who played some games in the Triathlon and handled himself like he had been playing for years. Watch out for Berkin if you are drawn to play him. I hear that his 3 year old brother Darel is very adept in moving his father’s queen around the chess board and he already knows the difference between checkmate and stalemate! With our current club champion providing the coaching I can foresee that the Miitel, Barnett, Yates and Douglas names may not be the only family ones on club honour boards in the future.
Thank you to the Tournament Committee of Jasan, Ruari and myself for getting us through the year’s events both physical and online. Jasan in particular has been a very hard worker during the year.
Members were saddened to hear about the death of our much loved and respected member Michael Schreenan in May this year. He had a presence at the club that made him a very likeable and lively personality, even though his disabilities precluded him from participating in a more traditional fashion. He has been and will be missed at the club.
We bid farewell to Ben Naughton who is relocating to Townsville and we wish him all the best and hope to see him at a future Begonia Open tournament. Ben has been a well-liked member, has won the reserve championship and been a member of the Begonia committee for several years.
News Years
Copyright 2005- Ballarat Chess Club Inc.
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How to Celebrate Thanksgiving Without Erasing the Exploitation and Genocide of Native American People
Rachel Grumman Bender
For many people across the U.S., Thanksgiving is about getting together as a family — likely remotely this year, in light of the pandemic — and digging in to a festive feast. What’s often glossed over or erased entirely is the real history behind the holiday, particularly the treatment of Native Americans. But some experts say there are ways to participate in the holiday while also acknowledging its troubling past.
“From the beginning, the story of Thanksgiving has been about telling a romantic story about the relationship between white Americans and the indigenous people of this country,” Stephanie Fryberg, a member of Washington’s Tulalip tribes and professor of psychology at the University of Michigan, tells Yahoo Life. “The irony is that Native people have been sold the same story,” which is one that told the early colonists and natives “sat down amicably and ate together,” Fryberg says, “and the Native Americans helped them survive the winter...and the American colonies just expanded and the Natives just decide to give up the land. And the story ends there and the Natives just die off in history.”
It’s the “myth of Thanksgiving,” Crystal Echo Hawk, a member of the Pawnee Nation and founder and chief executive officer of IllumiNative, a nonprofit dedicated to increasing the visibility of and challenging negative narratives about Native peoples in American society, tells Yahoo Life. It’s a story that “worked to create a history of this country that erased the genocide and brutality of Native peoples,” Echo Hawk says. “As an example, the earliest attempt at declaring Thanksgiving as a holiday was in the 1860s when President Lincoln was trying to unite the country, and he never mentioned Native peoples.”
The "myth of Thanksgiving" tells the tale of settlers and Native Americans amicably sharing a meal, erasing realities of exploitation and genocide. (Photo by: Universal History Archive/UIG via Getty images)
Fryberg says the story that’s often told about the holiday is “so stereotyped” and is “all about erasure.” She adds: “Thanksgiving day is really a celebration of the exploitation and genocide of Native American people.”
She acknowledges that many people grew up thinking the holiday was about “family time” and “gratefulness.” But, she says, “You’re still erasing the true history. Absolutely you can see how you would want to hold onto that positivity — the problem is you’re contributing to a narrative that is problematic.”
Why Thanksgiving is a day of mourning for Native Americans
For many Native Americans, Thanksgiving is not a day of celebration — it’s considered a national day of mourning. According to the United American Indians of New England, “Thanksgiving day is a reminder of the genocide of millions of Native people, the theft of Native lands, and the relentless assault on Native culture.”
The Day of Mourning is “really about truth telling — it pushes back on the myth of Thanksgiving,” says Echo Hawk, who notes that 27 states “make no mention of Native peoples in their K-12 curriculum,” adding: “Of those that do, 87 percent don’t mention Native peoples post-1900. The true history of Indigenous peoples has been erased from history books, from our schools, from media. It’s important that we have narratives and days where we push back and against these harmful myths that only seek to uphold the stories that protect white supremacy.”
Having school children adopt Native American traditions, as seen here in a Denver school in 2002, is exactly what not to do when trying to correct the long-taught myth of Thanksgiving, say experts. (Photo: Cyrus McCrimmon/The Denver Post via Getty Images)
Given its painful history, Native Americans like Fryberg prefer that people don’t celebrate Thanksgiving. But for those who do, there are ways to acknowledge the history of the holiday (and its aftermath), as well as the contributions of Native Americans, and incorporate them into the day.
Share the real story of Thanksgiving with your family
Whether you’re sitting around your dining table with your immediate family or having a Zoom call with extended family on Thanksgiving, make an effort to acknowledge Native Americans. “Take the time to talk to your family and acknowledge that while coming together — virtually this year! — is important, it’s also time to learn about the true history of this country,” says Echo Hawk.
For example, according to the National Museum of the American Indian: “The Wampanoag shared their land, food, and knowledge of the environment with the English [colonists]. Without help from the Wampanoag, the English would not have had the successful harvest that led to the First Thanksgiving. However, cooperation was short lived, as the English continued to attack and encroach upon Wampanoag lands in spite of their agreements.”
Although it can be hard to bring up such a somber topic with your family on the holiday, Fryberg says, “You can’t just default to, ‘We’re just not going to talk about it,’ because you’re literally contributing to the same erasure.”
When talking to children about Thanksgiving, Fryberg says to keep things age-appropriate. But, says Echo Hawk, “Tell them the truth, as hard as it is, as uncomfortable as it can be. We’re all having to do the work of recognizing how our actions uphold these false stories that are biased and harmful. The best thing we can do, what we owe to our children, is a truthful history.”
It's important to acknowledge that traditional Thanksgiving foods — including turkey, pumpkins, cranberries, corn, beans and more — have indigenous roots, say experts. (Photo: Getty Images)
Echo Hawk says that we can’t begin to move forward or end systemic racism in the U.S. until we “acknowledge the role genocide and racism played in the creation of this country.” She says, “It’s the only way we learn. It’s the only way we can do better. It’s the only way we create a better future.”
Serve — or at least talk about — Indigenous foods
While people dig into the turkey and cranberry sauce, most don’t realize or think about the fact that some of the dishes served on Thanksgiving stem from indigenous foods. These include turkey, pumpkins, cranberries, corn, beans, maple syrup, and more.
For example, Native Americans made the first cranberry sauce, according to the Smithsonian, and were “managing and raising turkeys” as early as 1200 to 1400 A.D., according to ScienceDaily. Turkey feathers were used “on arrows, in headdresses and clothing,” according to ScienceDaily. “The meat was used for food. Their bones were used for tools including scratchers used in ritual ceremonies.”
At the Thanksgiving meal, suggests Fryberg, “Talk about why you're eating the foods that you’re eating.”
Look at how your child’s school teaches kids about Thanksgiving
Along with finding age-appropriate ways to teach the real story of Thanksgiving, it’s important for schools to avoid harmful stereotyping and cultural appropriation in lesson plans, such as making and wearing Native American headdresses. “Projects and crafts that attempt to adapt or copy Native traditions tend to perpetuate stereotypes of Native Americans,” according to the National Museum of the American Indian. “For example, we discourage adopting ‘Native’ costumes into your classroom.” Instead, the museum offers some ways here to include more culturally-sensitive lesson plans on Native Americans.
Echo Hawk suggests reading books that center Indigenous history or books that showcase Native Americans today. For kids, the First Nations Development Institute has a recommended reading list of Native American children’s books, and Brightly has its own list of books for children and young adults that celebrate the heritage of Native Americans.
“Learn about and support the continued efforts Native peoples are taking to protect our land, our water, our peoples,” says Echo Hawk. “Follow Indigenous accounts on social media to break out of your echo chamber. Learn about whose land you’re on — not just their history, but how they exist today.” (You can look up which Native American tribes lived in your area with the Native Land map.)
She adds: “You shouldn’t only care about or acknowledge Native peoples during Thanksgiving — we exist and should be celebrated and acknowledged 365 days a year.”
Rachel Grumman Bender is an award-winning health, beauty, and parenting writer and editor. She has written for Self.com, Women’s Health, Prevention, Everyday Health, the New York Post, The New York Times, and many more publications.
Source URL: https://portside.org/2020-11-25/how-celebrate-thanksgiving-without-erasing-exploitation-and-genocide-native-american
Donations can be sent to Max Obuszewski, Baltimore Nonviolence Center, 431 Notre Dame Lane, Apt. 206, Baltimore, MD 21212. Ph: 410-323-1607; Email: mobuszewski2001 [at] comcast.net. Go to http://baltimorenonviolencecenter.blogspot.com/
Baltimore Activist Alert -- November 30 - December 1, 2020
18] Make Calls for Rev. Raphael Warnock and Jon Ossoff. – Nov. 30
19] US MILITARISM ON THE AFRICAN CONTINENT – Nov. 30
20] Join the New Georgia Project for a phone bank -- Nov. 30
21] The Biden administration and China, Russia and Korea -- Nov. 30
22] Get Money Out of Maryland – Nov. 30
23] Maryland State Legislator Meetings – Dec. 1
24] Missile and Nuclear Insecurity in East Asia -- Dec. 1
25] Outside Bread for the Journey Soup Kitchen – Dec. 1
26] Protest JHU’s weapons research – Dec. 1
27] Alas, Cantos y Colores expedition – Dec. 1
28] Sunrise Movement Baltimore meeting – Dec. 1
29] Discuss Consent Decree – Dec. 1
30] Montgomery County Racial Equity & Policing Team Meeting -- Dec. 1
31] War, Peace, and the Supreme Court -- Dec. 1
18] – Make Calls for Rev. Raphael Warnock and Jon Ossoff. The presidential election may be over (Donald Trump’s refusal to concede notwithstanding), but control of the US Senate hangs in the balance, pending the results of two runoff elections in Georgia, the nation’s newest battleground state. Early voting starts December 14, and Special Election Day is January 5, 2021. The Sierra Club will be making phone calls in support of Raphael Warnock and Jon Ossoff, whose races could determine the fate of President-Elect Biden’s ambitious green agenda. Sign up to call Georgia voters at https://www.mobilize.us/sierraclubbattleground/event/272291/?utm_source=insider&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=newsletter. The available times are Mon., Nov. 30 from 3 to 6 PM EST. Then on Tues., Dec. 1 from 3 to 6 PM and 6 to 9 PM EST. The calls will continue Wed., Dec. 2 from 3 to 6 PM and 6 to 9 PM EST through Tues., Jan. 5 from 6 to 9 PM EST.
19] – Hear about AFRICOM: US MILITARISM ON THE AFRICAN CONTINENT on Mon., Nov. 30 at 4 PM ET. Register for this ZOOMINAR at https bit.ly/africomwebinar. Explore the scope and reach of AFRICOM, and the struggle to get US military forces out of Africa. The United States Africa Command, or AFRICOM, was established in 2007. The United States government claimed that part of AFRICOM's mission was to promote peace and security in Africa. Yet in the years since its inception AFRICOM has launched military strikes in African countries, and has faced accusations that some of its activities have amounted to war crimes. Professor Horace G. Campbell, an internationally-known peace and justice activist, holds a joint Professorship in the Department of African American Studies and the Department of Political Science at Syracuse University. Kerry McLean is an international human rights lawyer who has lived and worked in East, West, Central and southern Africa. This event is sponsored by the National Lawyers Guild and the International Association of Democratic Lawyers.
20] – Can you help CPDAction win Georgia? Join the New Georgia Project for a phone bank on Mon., Nov. 30 and Tues., Dec. 1 from 6 to 8:30 PM ET to help register voters for this critical double run-off election! Sign up now: https://www.mobilize.us/cpda/event/363574/?ms=POL_EMAIL_SIGNUPc4_11192020&emci=3321f2a8-e129-eb11-9fb4-00155d03affc&emdi=b18c414b-802a-eb11-9fb4-0003ff196a4c&ceid=447376. Email CPD Action <info@cpdaction.org>. The phone bank will continue on Thurs., Dec. 3 and Mon., Dec. 7.
21] - Will the Biden administration change policy when it comes to China, Russia and Korea? Jodie Evans, Hyun Lee and John Feffer explain Cooperation or Cold War on Mon., Nov. 30 from 7 to 8:30 PM. The former Vice President is just as committed to U.S. hegemony and to the “pivot to Asia”, the new military, economic, diplomatic and soft-power Cold War with China. Biden is also aiming to revitalize U.S.-European alliances aimed at Russia. President-elect Biden may extend the New START Treaty with Russia and has signaled an openness to cutting some nuclear weapons, but Biden is hardly a nuclear abolitionist. The “modernization” of the US nuclear arsenal is threatening a new arms race with Russia and China. Will Biden recognize the dangers and change course? Register at https://zoom.us/meeting/register/tJEvd-6uqzwoH9E1PjxpjpS2C1iUmftXAHL9?emci=8a4a593b-e629-eb11-9fb4-00155d03affc&emdi=bada527f-262f-eb11-9fb4-00155d43b2cd&ceid=269591.
22] – Join the Get Money Out of Maryland Teleconference on Mon., Nov. 30 from 8:30 to 9:30 PM. There are two ways to join the conference: Dial 1 929 205 6099, and then use meeting ID: 512 862 260. Or Click on your device if you have downloaded the app from Zoom. The focus will be on organizational sign-ups, public relations, and logistics for lobbying in Annapolis.
23] - Throughout the fall, the group Jews United for Justice has been learning about issue priorities and its state legislators. On Tues., Dec. 1 through Mon., Dec. 21 attend Maryland State Legislator Meetings. For example, people from District 43 will meet with its state representatives on Thurs., Dec. 3 to discuss an agenda for the 2021 session of the Maryland General Assembly. Begin with a prep session at 6:30 PM, before meeting virtually with legislators from 7 to 8:15 PM. From 8:15 to 8:45 PM, there will be a debrief session. You will receive call-in instructions via email after you RSVP at https://jufj.org/jufj-district-meetings-2021/?emci=70fe8123-7f2e-eb11-9fb4-00155d43b2cd&emdi=e3ba679e-852e-eb11-9fb4-00155d43b2cd&ceid=3403859#1604680421685-0ece2280-92de.
24] – Check out Missile and Nuclear Insecurity in East Asia on Tues., Dec. 1 from noon to 1:30 PM. The speaker is Masako Ikegami, Ph. D., Professor, School of Environment and Society, Tokyo Institute of Technology. Register at https://mit.zoom.us/webinar/register/WN_6Um61UbXTKOoGsI9NWOwNQ. The world is facing an unprecedented crises on several fronts. Lack of leadership by the United States has intensified many flash points around the world including nuclear threats and the abandonment of arms control negotiations, bio-safety, climate change, food insecurity, instability and tensions in the East, and increased pressure from nationalists and extremists at home and abroad. This Tuesday seminar series will capture a subset of these critical issues facing humanity and the planet.
25] – On Tues., Dec. 1 from 1:30 to 2 PM, check out Outside Bread for the Journey Soup Kitchen individual lunches given out by Amazing Grace Lutheran Church in Baltimore. This Tuesday soup kitchen will until Dec. 1. The church is at 2424 McElderry St., Baltimore 21205. Visit https://www.facebook.com/events/602052220539690/?event_time_id=602052307206348.
26] – There is a Vigil to say "No Drone Research at JHU" at 33rd and N. Charles Sts. on Tuesdays from 5 to 6 PM. Contact Max at mobuszewski2001 at Comcast dot net or 410-323-1607. You may consider contacting President Ron Daniels and telling him that the university should reject all military contracts, including those for killer drone and nuclear weapons research. The president’s mailing address is Office of the President, 242 Garland Hall, The Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles St., Baltimore, Maryland 21218. You can also reach his office by Phone: (410) 516-8068, Fax: (410) 516-6097 or email: president@jhu.edu.
27] – Get over to a Webinar on Tues., Dec. 1 from 6 to 7:30 PM ET and hear a discussion on the launch of the Alas, Cantos y Colores expedition, which will retrace the footsteps of renowned ornithologist Frank Chapman (pictured below packing specimens) during his 1910-1915 explorations across Colombia. Alas, Cantos y Colores is a Colombian-led initiative to incorporate historical and modern data to understand the impact of human activities on bird communities over the last 110 years, in order to better predict and prevent future impacts on biodiversity. The discussion will be moderated by Ambassador Francisco Santos (Colombian Ambassador to the USA) and will feature three panelists: Dr. Joel Cracraft from the American Museum of Natural History will shed light on the historical context of Chapman’s expeditions, Natalia Ocampo-Peñuela from the Humboldt Institute will focus on the modern-day, Colombian-led expeditions retracing Chapman’s steps, and Geoff LeBaron from Audubon will look at Chapman’s long-lasting legacy related to the Christmas Bird Count and recent efforts to build out bird-based tourism in Colombia. Register at https://act.audubon.org/a/caminando-con-chapman?ms=digital-eng-email-ea-x-engagement_20201125_iap-webinar-invite_world-migratory-bird-day-latinx-heritage-month&utm_source=ea&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=engagement_20201125_iap-webinar-invite&utm_content=world-migratory-bird-day-latinx-heritage-month&emci=05f7218f-7c2e-eb11-9fb4-00155d43b2cd&emdi=5d7d7c76-612f-eb11-9fb4-00155d43b2cd&ceid=2504878&contactdata=wsZEqx2q6%2bhcmRHTTTG%2fp0AC%2fMTGpli5n1hKyafqohvIVZ9e6u0tAMH%2fLEOINi%2b4gl8G5DSGv6h1ponEs1n3QsyqPFzXOLzRD3rroagUFNno984Xks3LDSs1SZVSVH%2b%2bl%2bMK8iJgF6BOiUhKUM1UCyQwg3sZC%2bEgwzdak4C1xMxk2m8iSC5MMFbma9TgVALyd0le%2f8AyiZQwmnWbe%2fnGR%2bliA4p52D2bDwcPzAixpPPLXa3mdA3ULndt8Y6Kxnrtter.
28] – The Sunrise Movement Baltimore is holding its last hub meeting of the year on Tues., Dec. 1 at 6:30 PM. Reflect on 2020 and gear up for the year ahead. Register at https://zoom.us/meeting/register/tJAsf-ytrTIpGNatcW0qWSLUWBhoLvi1Y6JL?link_id=6&can_id=4b9d4061aec5469758759317ac0f5285&source=email-take-action-tuesday-protect-renters-transit-equity-and-more&email_referrer=email_1003759&email_subject=take-action-tuesday-protect-renters-transit-equity-and-more.
29] – On April 7, 2017, the City of Baltimore and the Department of Justice (DOJ) entered into a Consent Decree, which is a court enforceable agreement to resolve DOJ's findings that it believed the Baltimore City Police Department (BPD) had engaged in a pattern and practice of conduct that violates the First, Fourth, and Fourteenth Amendments to the United States Constitution, and certain provisions of federal statutory law. The Baltimore City Consent Decree website is: https://consentdecree.baltimorecity.gov/. Behavioral Health System Baltimore (BHSB) is providing a virtual opportunity to learn about the Baltimore City Consent Decree on Tues., Dec. 1 from 7 to 8:30 PM. Visit https://files.constantcontact.com/dab7619c001/b5c67b3a-42a7-40d0-8107-08ad568055ef.pdf.
30] – Jews United for Justice are urging you to attend the Montgomery County Racial Equity & Policing Team Meeting on Tues., Dec. 1 from 7 to 8:30 PM ET. You will receive call-in instructions via email after you RSVP at https://jufj.org/event/mc-policing-mtng-dec-2020/?emci=70fe8123-7f2e-eb11-9fb4-00155d43b2cd&emdi=e3ba679e-852e-eb11-9fb4-00155d43b2cd&ceid=3403859.
Our Revolution is investing in organizing in black communities being targeted heavily by racist GOP voter suppression tactics. RSVP for a virtual organizing meeting on Tues., Dec. 1 at 8:30 PM ET to hear from Nina Turner, Killer Mike, and Councilman khalid about what it’s going to take to win Georgia and save our democracy. RSVP at https://www.mobilize.us/ourrevolution/event/364525/?akid=839.8252965.epZyGG&rd=1&t=8.
31] –War, Peace, and the Supreme Court with Professor Samuel Moyn will take place on Tues., Dec. 1 from 7 to 8 PM. Join in for a conversation with Yale historian and legal expert Samuel Moyn and discuss the history of US wars, "forever" wars, the legal doctrines that supposedly justify wars, US war criminals, liberal Democratic interventionism, conservative war hawks, and more. With recent developments in the Supreme Court, hear from Samuel about why it’s a just cause to disempower the Supreme Court. Register here https://zoom.us/meeting/register/tJIufuGhpzstHNxRUUWup3MRNwoxuPmovopa?emci=cc240b68-6c2e-eb11-9fb4-00155d43b2cd&emdi=5f4f1f63-712e-eb11-9fb4-00155d43b2cd&ceid=269591. Moyn is Henry R. Luce Professor of Jurisprudence at Yale Law School and Professor of History at Yale University. He is also a fellow at the Quincy Institute for Responsible Statecraft.
Donations can be sent to Max Obuszewski, Baltimore Nonviolence Center, 431 Notre Dame Lane, Baltimore, MD 21212. Ph: 410-323-1607; Email: mobuszewski2001 [at] comcast.net. Go to http://baltimorenonviolencecenter.blogspot.com/.
Baltimore Activist Alert – November 29 – December 1, 2020
"I speak as an American to the leaders of my own nation. The great initiative in this war is ours. The initiative to stop it must be ours." -Martin Luther King Jr.
Friends, this list and other email documents which I send out are done under the auspices of the Baltimore Nonviolence Center. Go to www.baltimorenonviolencecenter.blogspot.com.
If you appreciate this information and would like to make a donation, send contributions to Max Obuszewski, BNC, 431 Notre Dame Lane, Apt. 206, Baltimore, MD 21212. Max Obuszewski can be reached at 410-323-1607 or mobuszewski2001 [at] comcast.net.
3] Get involved with NCNR
4] Volunteer with a Catholic Worker house
5] Convention for Palestine – Nov. 29
6] “Ethical Culture, Psychotherapy, and My Grandmother the Spy” – Nov. 29
7] Food Collection for the Maryland Food Bank – Nov. 29
8] Public Health amidst a Pandemic – Nov. 29
9] Solidarity with the Palestinian – Nov. 29
10] Get out the Vote – Nov. 29
11] Join Friends of Sabeel North America – Nov. 29
12] US aggression towards China! – Nov. 29
13] Healthcare Emergency Town Hall – Nov. 29
14] Dorothy Day Commemoration – Nov. 29
16] PDA Flip the Senate meeting -- Nov. 29
17] Pentagon Peace Vigil – Nov. 30
2] –To obtain information how your federal legislators voted on particular bills, go to http://thomas.loc.gov/. Congressional toll-free numbers are 888-818-6641, 888-355-3588 or 800-426-8073. The White House Comment Email is accessible at http://www.whitehouse.gov/contact/.
3] – THE ORGANIZING LIST will be the primary decision-making mechanism of the National Campaign of Nonviolent Resistance [NCNR]. It will be augmented by conference calls and possibly in-person meetings as needed. It will consist of 1 or 2 representatives from each local, regional, or national organization (not coalitions) that wishes to actively work to carry out the NCNR campaign of facilitating and organizing nonviolent resistance to U.S. wars.
To join the ORGANIZING List, please send your name, group affiliation, city and email address to mobuszewski2001 at Comcast dot net. Different local chapters of a national organization are encouraged to subscribe.
4] - Suzanne Fontanesi and Jeff Ross are in the beginning stages of renovating the basement of their house for purposes of bringing in a volunteer (targeting young adults in discernment mode), starting next fall. They are trying to grow a Catholic Worker House in Irvington (West Baltimore). In a nutshell, there is a lot that a volunteer could do in that neighborhood/Baltimore, in addition to prayer and daily community living and in addition to plugging into all the good work that people are already doing in and around Baltimore (and beyond). If you think you might know of anyone who might be interested in starting a conversation with them about becoming such a volunteer/community member, please contact Jeff/Suzanne at 443-690-6872.
5] – On Sun., Nov. 29 at 9 PM EST, the 13th Annual Convention for Palestine in the US will close. Hosted by the American Muslims for Palestine and American Muslims for Palestine Convention, this event is still on. Register at bit.ly/PalConv2020 for the last day, the International Day of Solidarity with the Palestinian People. The event will be streamed live on Facebook and YouTube. This year’s theme is Against All Odds: Palestine Beyond 2020. The Palestinian people and cause will survive 2020. Despite the major setbacks we've faced this year due to more potential formal annexation, Arab normalization, the Trump administration’s policies, the coronavirus pandemic, Israel’s murders of Palestinians in cold blood at checkpoints, massive home demolitions in Jerusalem, and ongoing suffocating siege of Gaza, Palestine will rise against all odds. There’s also a free raffle to win prizes ranging from kunafa to Palestine paraphernalia and more.
6] - Usually, the Baltimore Ethical Society, 2521 St. Paul St., Baltimore 21218, meets on Sundays, and generally there is a speaker and discussion at 10:30 AM. On Sun., Nov. 29, the platform address is “Ethical Culture, Psychotherapy, and My Grandmother the Spy.” The Victorian Felix Adler was not a big fan of therapeutic exploration of the psyche; he resisted what he considered a narcissistic invasion of the private world. Today, however, counseling is an important part of Ethical Culture. It nourishes our ethical relationships and our congregational life. Two counseling orientations that resonate with Ethical Culture are those of Alfred Adler and of existential therapists such as Victor Frankel. Hugh Taft-Morales will explore the inspirational power of these orientations while weaving an amazing tale of his own family’s psychotherapeutic adventures. Taft-Morales joined the Baltimore Ethical Society as its professional leader in 2010, the same year he was certified by the American Ethical Union as an Ethical Culture Leader. He also serves as Leader of the Ethical Humanist Society of Philadelphia. Email PRESIDENT@BMORETHICAL.ORG for the ZOOM LOGIN INFORMATION.
7] - On Sun., Nov. 29 from 11 AM to noon EST, get involved with Food Collection for the Maryland Food Bank at the Locust Point Community Church, 1308 Beason St., Baltimore 21230. The church will be collecting items for the Maryland Food Bank every Sunday through Dec. 27. Go to https://www.facebook.com/locustpointcommunityucc/.
8] – Get with Public Health amidst a Pandemic with Dr. Howard Ehrman on Sun., Nov. 29 from 11 AM to 1 PM. Ehrman, MD, MPH is a retired Assistant Professor at the University of Illinois (UIC) in Chicago who has researched and taught courses on the relationship of climate change to the global economic and health crisis at UIC, DePaul University and Knox College for two decades. He was a co-founder of the Little Village Environmental Justice Organization (LVEJO) in Chicago, a student of Professor Barry Commoner at Washington University, and a Labor Union Organizer. He was a co-founder of the Little Village Environmental Justice Organization (LVEJO) in Chicago, a student of Professor Barry Commoner at Washington University, and a Labor Union Organizer. Hear music by Emma’s Revolution. Join the Zoom Meeting at https://us02web.zoom.us/j/89552575898?pwd=K1ZRMkRNejlpRnZZakFRWnE0aUh3Zz09The Meeting ID is 895 5257 5898, and the Passcode is 246499.
9] – In honor of the International Day of Solidarity with the Palestinian People on Sun., Nov. 29 at noon ET, Jewish Voice for Peace is partnering with the Palestine Solidarity Committee and the BDS National Committee for a rally. Register at https://us02web.zoom.us/meeting/register/tZIqdumtrTkpH9cmYXkkgJtaxxJ_dgO8lxck?emci=55a2dd17-5a2b-eb11-9fb4-00155d43b2cd&emdi=eec6680d-5d2e-eb11-9fb4-00155d43b2cd&ceid=237778. The evening will include poetry, music, and inspirational speakers – including co-founder of the BDS movement Omar Barghouti, actress Maxine Peake, human rights attorney Noura Erakat, and poet Aja Monet.
10] – As Lindsey Graham and Senate Republicans seek to sabotage the elections in Georgia, we must rise above them and mobilize Georgia’s Democratic base to cast their ballots. Making calls to infrequent voters is one of the most effective means of base-building and increasing voter turnout. Sign up to make calls with Turnout2020: https://www.mobilize.us/dailykos_2/event/363620/?link_id=2&can_id=4b9d4061aec5469758759317ac0f5285&source=email-firstname-default-friend-the-only-birthday-gift-i-want-is-for-us-to-win-in-georgia-action-needed-2&email_referrer=email_1002406&email_subject=rsvp-to-connect-with-infrequent-democratic-voters-in-georgia. MAKE CALLS TO GEORGIA VOTERS this week-- starting on Sun., Nov. 29 from 2 to 4 PM and 4 to 6 PM EST. Continue on Mon., Nov. 30 from 5 to 7 PM and 7 to 9 PM EST and Tues., Dec 1 from 5 to 7 PM and 7 to 9 PM EST.
11] – Join Friends of Sabeel North America on Sun., Nov. 29 at 4 PM ET, the International Day of Solidarity with the Palestinian People, for an online rally and Twitterstorm! Support and amplify the incredible work of Palestinians who are on the front line of justice struggles. Hear from front line activists in Palestine and here on Turtle Island (North America). REGISTER at https://form.123formbuilder.com/5688445//.
12] - On Sun., Nov. 29 at 4 PM ET, join Jodie Evans, Vijay Prashad, Tings Chak, Danny Haiphong, Kenneth Hammond, Alice Slater, and Mikaela Erskog for a teach in on US aggression towards China! RSVP at https://peoplesforum.org/event/teach-in-us-aggression-on-china-laying-out-the-problem/.
13] – Join the Progressive Democrats of America Healthcare Emergency Town Hall on Sun., Nov. 29 at 4 PM ET. PDA is looking forward to a science-based resolution to the misery and mayhem that is #COVID19 in the U.S. The conviction remains that well-studied social science supports the structure of a #SinglePayer expanded and improved system to save money and save lives. COVID-19 only magnifies and adds urgency to this task. Now that we are on the brink of discovery of a vaccine against this scourge, and with the fall/winter coronavirus surge of #COVID19 upon us, more and more of us are taking to heart the warnings of our brightest minds: public health measures must be followed to ensure the safety and lives of our friends and loved ones. Join in to push the needed legislation, and support for progressive legislators. Email mikefox@pdamerica.org to register.
14] – Please join America Jesuit Magazine and the Dorothy Day Guild as they commemorate the 40th Anniversary of the death of Servant of God Dorothy Day. Celebrate the Living Legacy of Dorothy Day: A Hunger for God. A Striving for Goodness. A Passion for Justice will be on Sun., Nov. 29 at 6 PM ET. Register at https://americamedia-org.zoom.us/webinar/register/WN_NcB0inhMR5KABTiMW4tf_Q. PANELISTS INCLUDE David Brooks, Op-ed Columnist, The New York Times, Anne Snyder, Editor in Chief, Comment magazine and Paul Elie, Senior Fellow, Georgetown University.
15] – Our Revolution is asking you to volunteer to help make Get-Out-the-Vote phone calls to Georgia. These virtual phone banks will take place from 6:30 to 8:30 PM EST on Thursdays and Sundays! In the months leading up to Election Day, Our Revolution’s army of grassroots volunteers powered a massive “Get out the Vote” campaign all across America. Over 650,000 people joined the rolling national and state virtual rallies, and together made more than 4 million one-on-one voter contacts. Volunteer with Our Revolution to help make Get-Out-the-Vote phone calls to Georgia! The next virtual phone bank is on Sun., Nov. 29 from 6.30 to 8:30 PM EST! Other dates for the phone bank will be Thurs., Dec 3, Sun., Dec 6, and more dates, all from 6:30 to 8:30 PM EST. Sign up at https://www.mobilize.us/ourrevolution/event/362948/?akid=824.8252965.hctbnt&rd=1&t=9.
16] – Help Progressive Democrats of America Win the Georgia Runoffs. Join the National "Flip the Senate/Demote McConnell" Team Call on Sun., Nov. 29 at 9 PM ET. No question the world is a better place with Joe Biden replacing Donald Trump. But everything we'll be trying to do to counteract four years of the slash-and-burn Trump tactics will be stymied so long as Mitch McConnell controls the agenda in the Senate. Join the organizing meeting to see how to win these senate races with your help. Email mikefox@pdamerica.org to get your secure log in.
17] – There is a weekly Pentagon Peace Vigil from 7 to 8 AM on Mondays, since 1987, outside the Pentagon Metro stop. The next vigil is Nov. 30, and it is sponsored by the Dorothy Day Catholic Worker. Email artlaffin@hotmail.com or call 202-882-9649. The vigil will be outside the Pentagon's south Metro entrance and in the designated "protest zone" behind bicycle fences across from the entrance to the Metro. By Metro, take Yellow Line and get out at the "Pentagon" stop. Do not go to the Pentagon City stop! Go up south escalators and turn left and walk across to protest area. By car from D.C. area, take 395 South and get off at Exit 8A-Pentagon South Parking. Take slight right onto S. Rotary Rd. at end of ramp and right on S. Fern St. Then take left onto Army Navy Dr. You can "pay to park" on Army Navy Dr., and there is meter parking one block on right on Eads St. Payment for both of these spots begin at 8 AM. No cameras are allowed on Pentagon grounds. Restrooms are located inside Marriott Residence Inn on corner of S. Fern and Army Navy Dr.
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Category Archives: PHYSICS OF. HIGH-TEMPERATURE. REACTORS
26.08.2015 PHYSICS OF. HIGH-TEMPERATURE. REACTORS
UKAEA programme
While the US programme was based on the Th cycle, the British programme (UKAEA and CEGB) has been based almost exclusively on low enriched uranium. The UKAEA programme was started in 1969 in Winfrith with lattice parameter measurements at room temperature in an undercritical system using the NESTOR reactor as a neutron source.
The central part of the HECTOR reactor was later used for measurements up to 427°C.<16) Various reaction rates have been measured and calculated for the NESTOR experiments with tubular pins and teledial fuel. The discrepancies in relative conversion ratio (RCR), 238U/235U fission ratio (FR) and Pu/U fission ratio range from 0.5 to 3% for WIMS calculations, slightly higher for simplified Dragon methods.<17_21) The HECTOR experiments were rather difficult to analyse because of the marked heterogeneity in composition and temperature.
There appeared to be a tendency to overestimate the magnitude of the negative temperature coefficient.1221 In a phase II of the UKAEA programme cross-pin and cross-block power and damage distributions and thermal spectrum characteristics have been measured in hexagonal block geometry in the ZENITH-I reactor. The experiments have been repeated at 400°C to check the effect of temperature on the measured distributions and control-rod worths. These experiments were terminated in June 1971. Like in the HECTOR case, there was a tendency to overestimate the negative temperature coefficient and the spectral changes at the core-reflector boundary were rather poorly calculated.
In a phase III the cold ZENITH-II reactor has been used for measurements on block to block and cross core distributions, three-dimensional effects on a large core, effect of absorbers, burnable poisons, non-uniform enrichment, Pu02/U02 fuelled blocks, control-rod worths and interactions, local criticality situations/23’24’
Analysis of the possible types of accidents
Compared to other reactor types, high-temperature gas-cooled reactors have a higher degree of safety. Sudden introductions of large amounts of reactivity are not possible in the foreseeable design. In the following paragraphs various types of accident will be analysed: the list includes all accidents foreseeable with the present designs, but any new design may carry with it new sources of accidents which will have to be analysed from case to case. In the evaluation of the consequence of the accidents it is very important to take into account the initial state of the system. The maximum temperatures reached during an accident vary considerably according to the initial power. Accidents at zero-power in a cold core seldom lead to dangerous temperatures if adequate safety equipment provides for a properly timed scram. In the analysis of the accidents occurring at power operation it is important to find the worst moment in which the accident can occur. This means considering the time when the fission product concentration leads to the worst temperature coefficient and when the configuration of the control rods already inserted in the core reduces to a minimum the reactivity effects of the insertion of the remaining rods. Very important in this respect is the Xe concentration which strongly influences the temperature coefficient and is dependent on the load diagram. In the following list we have in part followed the classification of accidents given by Stewart and Merrill,<25> limiting our analysis to the accidents which are of interest for the reactor physicist.
Control-rod classification
Control rods are often classified according to their function. Thus it is possible to distinguish:
1. Regulating rods used for automatic control.
2. Shim rods used for compensating slow reactivity changes (e. g. burn-up).
3. Safety rods used for scram.
In many cases it is not possible to distinguish the control-rod functions because the same rods are used for the functions described in points 2 and 3. This is done in order to limit the total number of control rods, in all cases in which it is not explicitly required that some safety rod remain always out of the reactor, even in the shut-down cold condition.
According to their absorbing properties control rods can be classified as black and grey. A black rod absorbs practically all neutrons impinging on its surface; if this is not the case the rod is grey. This definition applies normally to thermal neutrons: no rod is completely black for neutrons of very high energy. Grey rods can be used when highly absorbing rods would disturb too much the neutron flux distribution. This is especially important for the rods compensating the excess reactivity, because they are most of the time inserted in the core.
The use of grey rods increases the total number of rods needed to meet the given requirement, and leads therefore to higher costs and mechanical complications. Grey rods are needed in reactors with very strict temperature limitations, but cannot be considered as absolutely necessary in HTRs.
The control-rod blackness is dependent on the composition and thickness of the absorbing material. Grey rods can be simply made of steel, while black rods consist normally of an absorbing part of B4C or borated steel canned in steel or other alloys.
The control-rod effectiveness can be increased by making them black also at higher energy. This can be obtained with a very high,0B concentration, or using additional epithermal and fast absorbers like Eu, Dy, Hf, Gd or In. The amount of absorber contained in a control rod must be sufficient to ensure sufficient absorbing properties for the required time of operation.
13.2. Control-rod configuration
It is important to program the control-rod movement in such a way as not to distort too much the power and temperature distribution. Because of this reason it is better to avoid the bank movement of the control rods, which would strongly disturb the axial flux distribution. The best solution is to have only the regulating rods half inserted, while the other rods are either fully inserted or extracted. As soon as the regulating rods have moved too far from the core centre some other rod would be moved in order to bring again the regulating rods to their position of maximum effectiveness.
It is very important to know the curve of control-rod worth as function of its insertion depth (so-called “S-curve” because of its S-shape). This curve depends on the axial flux and material distribution of the reactor and on the control-rod configuration. Very important is the number of rods being moved at the same time. A bank movement of many rods tends to shift the power towards the other end of the reactor shifting then also the S-curve. Figure 13.1 shows the S-curve for one rod, once moving the rod alone and once moving it as a bank with other rods.
The shifting of the S-curve is also important to determine the effective delay of the counteraction to accidents. If a high effectiveness is reached only at deep insertion, this results in a bigger delay.
The control-rod effectiveness is highly influenced by their relative configuration. If rods are too near to each other the flux depression due to one rod reduces the effectiveness of the other (mutual shadowing). The control rods should be distributed as homogeneously as possible in the core. Local concentration of control rods in one part of the core tends to shift the power toward other reactor zones, thus producing hot spots and reducing the control-rod effectiveness. Especially with grey rods it is possible to use them for power flattening depressing the power in large reactor zones, or simply in the surrounding of freshly loaded fuel elements.
Fig. 13.1. S-curve: effectiveness of a control rod as a function of its insertion depth.
CEGB programme
In the same period of time a series of room-temperature critical experiments on the zero energy HITREX reactor have been performed at the CEGB Berkeley Nuclear Laboratories.
The HITREX-I core had a prismatic HTR lattice containing fuel of two types— teledial and annular—in a zone 2 m high of twenty-seven hexagonal blocks (399.5 mm across flats) surrounded by graphite reflectors. The measurements involved: reactivity, axial buckling, power distribution, fine structure effects, thermal spectrum distributions (Pu/U ratio), graphite damage (Rh reaction rate), control-rod worths. The theoretical evaluation has been performed with the WIMS-E modular scheme. Reaction rate distributions show a very good agreement between calculations and experiments, with a mean deviation of less than 1%. Also the prediction of the thermal flux within the central block is very well described by the analysis method. The major discrepancy between experiments and analysis is an underprediction of reactivity of about 1.5% Дk/k. It is likely that some 0.3% of this discrepancy is due to poor treatment of steel absorbers. The relative conversion ratio (RCR) in the annular fuel appears to be overestimated by 3.5%. This could result in an underestimate of up to 0.5% k/k in core reactivity/25"28’ An independent evaluation performed by the Dragon Project129’ based on 123 groups S4 cell calculations with the XSDRN code00’ overpredicts reactivity by about 1.5% Дk. An HITREX-2 series of experiments has been started, based on integral fuel blocks. It is also foreseen to heat a single block column up to 400°C.<3I)
(a) Water leak into the primary coolant system
The optimization of the high-temperature reactor fuel cycles leads always to rather undermoderated cores. As a consequence an introduction of water has a positive effect on reactivity. However, it is in most cases possible to design the system so that the water entering the core is limited to a very small amount.
In many cases it is not possible to have an ingress of liquid water into the hot core. The water will be vaporized in the high temperature ducts before reaching the core.
If the introduction of liquid water into the core cannot be absolutely excluded it is also possible to poison the water of the secondary system with a strong neutron absorber.
This is not necessary in big systems where only the introduction of steam is possible and the resulting Ak is limited to a few per mill. In this case the greatest damage is not caused by the power excursion, but by the corrosion due to chemical reaction of water with the core materials. An evaluation of the power excursion is made evaluating the maximum rate of insertion of water into the reactor and calculating its reactivity worth. The group constants for reactivity calculations in presence of water must be obtained from codes able to deal with neutron moderation in water (spectrum calculations based on multi-group diffusion theory, like in the MUPO code, cannot be used in this case).
Control-rod calculation
Because of the high absorption localized in a geometrically small zone, the diffusion approximation is not suited to treat properly the neutron distribution in the vicinity of a control rod. The use of transport theory is required, but a full space-dependent transport calculation over the complete core is not usually within the capability of the available computers, and not even necessary, so that various simplifications are needed.
The control-rod cell must be in any case calculated with a transport theory code, whereas the whole reactor is calculated with few-group diffusion theory codes. Two possibilities are available. The control rod can either be simulated by a “non-diffusion region” at whose boundary is given an extrapolation length obtained from the transport calculation, or the control cell can be poisoned with a diffused poison giving the same neutron absorption as the control rod.
The first type of approximation may lead to better results, especially in the flux distribution, but requires a high number of mesh points to treat with sufficient accuracy the flux gradient near the control rods. In this case the cross-section of the control rod has to be simulated using the mesh points of R-9 or X-Y geometry; it is important to have the same absorbing surface as in the real rod, trying not to distort the shape too much.
The problems posed by the calculation of the extrapolation length for “non-diffusion regions” have been dealt with in § 5.5.
The second approximation is used for less detailed calculations (e. g. in the diffusion part of space-dependent burn-up codes), or when the number of control rods is very high. This method becomes rather unreliable when control rods are in the vicinity of zone boundaries (e. g. between core and reflector) or when the rods are few and unsymmetrically distributed.
When hexagonal fuel elements are treated with a diffusion theory code based on hexagonal geometry this method of cell poisoning may be the only way of representing control rods. A transport theory calculation is performed (usually with S„ methods) over the control-rod cell and for each group an absorption cross-section, equivalent to the control rod, is calculated. The control rod is then represented by a uniformly distributed “control poison” whose cross-section as a function of energy is established in such a way that in each group the poison absorbs the same number of neutrons as the control rod. In practice this poison can always be represented by a 1/u absorber with appropriate energy-dependent, self-shielding factors. These self-shieldings take into account the fact that while the cross-section of a 1/u absorber continuously increases with decreasing energy, a control rod cannot be more than black, so that a saturation is reached after which the absorption does not increase. Instead of distributing it homogeneously over the cell it is also possible to concentrate the control poison on a smaller region. This solution is used to represent a ring of control rods with a so called “grey curtain”.
In this way the three-dimensional problem representing a ring of equally spaced control rods can be treated in a two-dimensional RZ geometry. This sort of representation is adequate if a high number of control rods is present in the ring. In this case the concentration of control poison in the curtain must be obtained iterating in a diffusion calculation. The poison concentration is varied until keff is the same as that obtained by a detailed calculation with a more exact representation of the control rods (e. g. an R6 calculation where control rods are calculated as non-diffusion regions).
If more control-rod rings are present, this procedure may have to be repeated for each ring.
When some of the control rods are partially inserted at different depth a threedimensional code is needed to describe accurately the problem. Codes of this type are now available for big computers, but the high calculation time and sometimes the difficulty of having access to big computers limits the use of three-dimensional codes. On the other hand, three-dimensional diffusion codes with a limited number of mesh points are not giving more information than properly used two-dimensional codes. Fully inserted control rods can be easily calculated in R-в or X-Y geometry.
Partially inserted rods can be calculated in RZ geometry using some approximation. A central control rod can be calculated exactly. If control rods are ordered in rings, so that many rods are on the same radius, they can be simulated with a grey curtain.
Another possibility first proposed by Kalnaes’” consists in the simulation in R-Z geometry of a number of control rods vertically inserted at the same radius with a proper number of horizontal control-rod rings (“piston rings”) of equal radius, whose axial spacing is chosen in such a way that the total length of rod in the reactor remains the same. In this case partial insertions can be calculated. All these methods are valid if a sufficient number of rods is inserted in the core.
It is also important to treat properly the layers of structural material, or voidage around the control rods. This is usually done in the transport calculation and included in the extrapolation length used in the diffusion codes (which must be given for the outermost boundary of all the above-mentioned layers). A limited empty volume around a control rod can increase its effectiveness because the neutron density in the gap tends to be more constant than if the gap were filled with core material, thus reducing the “bottleneck” effect (see ref. 3, p. 626). This name is given to the reduction in absorption in cylindrical geometry as compared with plane geometry due to the shrinking of the area available to the neutrons as they diffuse towards the absorber.
Depending on the moderation ratio, also graphite layers can increase the control-rod effectiveness by increasing the thermal flux in its vicinity.
The control-rod worth depends also on the diffusion length of the surrounding medium, and therefore on the fuel loading. A higher diffusion length increases the effectiveness by increasing the area influenced by the control rod. In the calculation of the control-rod holes when the rods are extracted. Filling the holes with material as is usual with diffusion codes leads to an overestimate of the control-rod worth, which has to be assessed (e. g. Behrens and Benoist methods, §8.10). to be assessed (e. g. Behrens and Benoist methods).
Like the reactivity requirement Дkr the control-rod effectiveness Дke is also calculated as a difference of two static calculations, one without rods and one with fully inserted rods, omitting those which are not supposed to be available or which fail to enter the core.
The determination of Дke (and in general of all reactivity differences) requires great consistency in the two calculations out of which the difference is made. The type of approximation and the spatial meshes must be the same, otherwise numerical differences could alter the result.
The control-rod efficiency calculations should be performed for the cold unpoisoned reactor because this is the condition posing the most stringent requirements on the control system. Both calculations of Дkr and Д/с* involve an uncertainty which may be
assumed to be of the order of 5-10%. The shut-down margin Afce-Afcr must be wide enough to cover this uncertainty.
French programme
A series of experiments on low enriched HTR fuel was started in 1970 at Cadarache on the MARIUS reactor at room temperature and on the CESAR reactor at temperature up to 450°C. The first MARIUS experiments have been performed on a configuration with a lattice of hexagonal cells of 61 mm diameter with a 90-mm triangular pitch. The programme covered buckling and spectrum measurements at 3.5% enrichment, measurements with the PCTR method at 1.1% enrichment and measurements on teledial fuel/32"35’ The agreement with calculations performed with the APOLLO code was very satisfactory with differences in reactivity of the order of 0.1—0.3%/36’ Oscillations of Pu samples in the CESAR reactor have been performed in 1973 at room temperature, 200°C and 400°C.<37’38’ A new series of experiments on fuel blocks of General Atomic design with Th fuel cycle is planned in MARIUS for 1975/391
(b) Accidental withdrawal of control rods
This accident can be caused by a fault of the operator or of the control system. The number of control rods which can be moved simultaneously is limited for safety reasons. For the same reason is limited the maximum speed of withdrawal. The maximum rate of insertion of reactivity is determined by the operational requirements, and in particular by the Xe override. The control system must be able to compensate the rate of increase of Xe after a power reduction, even in the most unfavourable configuration. This requirement can be fulfilled by moving more rods at a lower speed or one rod only at higher speed. In the case of accidental withdrawal, it must be assumed that the maximum number of control rods which can be moved simultaneouly are withdrawn at the maximum speed, and that their configuration is the one giving the maximum reactivity increase. In the study of this configuration the insertion depth and the effect of other control rods which may be inserted in the reactor must be considered, as well as the burn-up stage of the fuel elements surrounding the control rods.
When a scram occurs it may be necessary to suppose that one of the rods, at least, involved in the accident does not respond to the signal and continues to move out of the core. The maximum withdrawal speed is usually the one foreseen for reactor operation, but in some cases a higher speed may be possible. Rods inserted from below the core can fall out of the reactor, and the gas pressure in the reactor may shoot a rod out. Usually proper mechanical design can insure that these events are either impossible or extremely improbable.
Safety implications
While the control-rod insertion must be as quick as possible in order to be able to shut-down the reactor after an accident with minimum delay, the extraction speed must not be greater than that which is necessary for flexible operation. This is done in order to reduce the maximum rate of reactivity insertion in case of accidental withdrawal of a rod. Usually the maximum extraction speed is required to compensate the loss of reactivity due to 135Xe build-up after a power reduction, considering the control-rod pattern giving the minimum possible worth.
The problem is strictly related to the definition of the number of control rods which can be extracted at the same time from the core. The required rate of reactivity insertion can be given with one rod at a relatively high speed, or more rods at a lower speed. For safety reasons it is better to restrict to a minimum the number of rods being extracted at the same time, but the simultaneous movement of more than one rod may be necessary in order to avoid too high a speed for one single rod, and thus too strict mechanical requirements (high speed and high positioning accuracy).
The accuracy with which a position can be reached and the minimum possible movement determine the accuracy with which the critical point can be reached. These requirements are, of course, stricter for each rod if more rods are being operated simultaneously. The accuracy with which criticality can be attained determines the accuracy with which a constant reactor temperature can be assured. This is not an important problem as long as the temperature coefficient is sufficiently negative, but if the temperature coefficient is zero or positive a small inaccuracy in reaching the critical control-rod position can lead to strong temperature variations. In this case, if the critical position can only approximately be reached, the temperature can only be kept within the desired limits by a continuous movement of the control rods (making the reactor continuously slightly over — and then undercritical). Consequently this relates the positioning accuracy to the frequency of the control-rod movement.
It must also be considered that one or more rods can fail to enter the core. If control-rod mechanisms can be inspected during operation it must be assumed that the rods being inspected are not available for shut-down.
The reactor must be kept undercritical even without the missing rods, which must be assumed to be the most effective ones. The criticality of a reactor in which some control rods are locally missing is sometimes improperly called “local criticality”. The reactivity released by the extraction of these missing rods must, of course, be subtracted from the control-rod effectiveness.
If the region in which control rods fail to enter is sufficiently large and has a high k* (e. g. fresh fuel) it might be difficult or even impossible to keep the reactor undercritical simply adding more rods in the surrounding regions. This problem is strongly dependent on the к» of the region considered, so that it is usually only important in the cold unpoisoned condition. This means that if control rods fail to enter a region large enough for local criticality, the reactor can be shut down, but after cooling down and Xe decay it may start up again. The power would then automatically stabilize itself to the level whose temperature corresponds to criticality. In this normal case of negative temperature coefficient local criticality is not an accident with serious consequences, but makes a normal reactor shut-down impossible. It must be noted that if we consider the region without rods as an independent critical reactor, this would have a very high leakage because of its small size, and consequently a large negative temperature coefficient.
The problem of avoiding local criticality poses a restriction on the permissible control-rod pattern. Calculations about local criticality are usually performed in R-в geometry. It is better to represent control rods as non-diffusion regions, at least in the vicinity of the region without rods, because the use of equivalent diffuse poisons calculated for an infinite lattice is questionable in this case. It is important to calculate the complete reactor (e. g. 360° in R-в geometry). A calculation on a 180° geometry with (for symmetry reason) twice as many missing rods does not necessarily give the double excess reactivity than a 360° calculation. The reason is that if there are two completely independent critical regions the reactor has the same kcf! as with only one critical region (two critical reactors are as critical as one critical reactor).
Experiments on pebble-bed configurations
The CESAR facility in Cadarache has been transformed to load in its centre fuel of the pebble-bed type (~ 10,000 elements) with 3.5% enriched uranium/41’ Some comparisons between theory and calculations are given in refs. 42, 43 and 44. The relative conversion ratio was calculated with an error of 3%, spectral indices could also be calculated with good accuracy. Control-rod measurements on a single and a pair of rods could be recalculated with errors of the order of 1.5% of the rod worth.
A pebble-bed critical facility for high-temperature reactors (KAHTER) started operation in July 1973 at KFA Jiilich<45) with the scope of measuring effects which are peculiar of pebble-bed reactors (effect of upper air gap between core and reflector, effect of filling factor, etc.). The criticality of all configurations of the KAHTER facility have been calculated within errors of 0.3% in Д к Ik. The agreement between theoretical and experimental control-rod effectiveness lies within 2.5% for the central rod and within 5% for the reflector rods/46’ Also in Jiilich Th resonance integrals have been measured by means of a lead spectrometer in fuel compacts containing coated particles. The discrepancy between theory and calculations is of the order of 1 to 3%.<48)
Other minor contributions came from the RB-2 reactor—Bologna/49 50’ IRI (Interuniversity Reactor Institute, Delft)15” and CCR Ispra/52’53’
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21c LEARNing
These posts explore issues related to learning and teaching for the 21st century, with an eye toward promising practices and how to make systemic change happen. Sponsored by The Council on 21st Century Learning.
The Tipping Point to Personal Learning - Part 3
BTW... This exponential growth curve
applies to postsecondary schools too.
In less than five years students taking
all college courses online
may outnumber those taking
all courses in classrooms. (fn 18)
The authors of Disrupting Class make a convincing case that the disruptive innovation of student-centered computer-delivered instruction will bring the end of teacher-based instruction (and, therefore, conventional schooling. (fn 17) According to their theory and data, the tipping point has already occurred; the shift is happening. We see it in the exponential growth of online learning as well as the classroom use of computer-based exercises, tutorials, and games. Beyond that, we hear it in the new language of K-12 education -- "flipped classrooms" and, most prominently of late, "personalized (or individualized) learning." (fn 19)
I'm holding out hope that the projections of Disrupting Class are wrong -- at least in part. Not that schooling as we know it will continue to thrive. It won't, and it shouldn't. (fn 20) I'm hoping that the disruptive innovation which will end conventional to schooling is not (as DC labels it) "student-centered computer-delivered instruction," but is instead learner-centric learning. That the disruption is not about instructional software, nor virtual schools and digital content providers, but about the idea that each learner charts and pursues her own learning pathways.
Here's how I'd like to see the disruption play out.
Instead:
From teacher-based instruction
To computer-based instruction
To individualized schooling
….then….
To student-oriented computer-delivered instruction
To learner-centric learning
(Projected by Disrupting Class)
(Hoped for by Stevan Kalmon)
The labels matter, as I'll try to demonstrate below.
Talk about "personalized learning" or "individualized learning" is all the rage in education. Indeed, a year ago a column in Forbes rhetorically wondered whether personalized learning is just a fad. (fn 21) But for the most part what's being raged about is really just stage one of the disruptive shift that DC characterizes as "computer-based instruction" and what I would label "individualized schooling." It's still monolithic with respect to the learner; hierarchical authority still mandates what must be learned. Increasingly, students are offered some crumbs of individualization -- like the opportunity to take courses online that aren't available in one's physical school, or the ability to set one's own pace for covering (hopefully mastering) content -- as with the Kahn Academy or Plato Learning.
This Stage One shift was epitomized by the theme of Educational Leadership in February 2012: "For Each to Excel." In the first featured article, edtech gadfly Larry Cuban framed the issue as one of differentiation.
"Many practitioners (and the public) highly value standardizing curriculum and instruction for students.... Yet educators and the public also prize individual excellence -- cream rising to the top. Differentiating the curriculum for students -- for example, for gifted students, students in advanced placement courses, English language learners, and students with special needs -- enables schools to customize learning opportunities and cultivate individual achievement." (fn 22)
Note the assumption Cuban makes that curriculum is established for the student -- standardized. The "balanced" approach he recommends would differentiate the predetermined curriculum. Customization, yes, but in the way that automakers offer models and options. You don't get to build your own car.
Some examples of this Stage One -- individualized schooling:
• AP online -- one of the fastest growing segments of online learning, and a primary example of disruption cited in DC.
• Flipping the classroom -- material that the teacher believes students need to absorb is presented online, so that students can decide when and how to ingest it. Classtime is available for more individualized and work that applies the material.
• Blended learning -- various combinations of online and face-to-face schooling environments, the most common of which offers self-paced online courses to students who sometimes work on the courses outside of school and sometimes work on them in school (with adult supervision and support).
• Tracking -- which, of course, schools don't do any more, except for identified "gifted and talented" students, or NCLB-inspired "leveled" groupings in reading, writing, and arithmetic.
• Student information systems -- through which students, teachers, and parents can track the students' progress through specific courses as well as the overall learning program. (Without ironic intent these are frequently called "student management systems.")
For schooling such programs seem like radical changes. But for the most part they're merely better ways to do school as we understand it rather than ways of transforming how school is done. Their disruptive impact, to borrow the DC language, is that they open the K-12 education market to more "consumers" -- students, for example, who want more content than the school's conventional program provides, or students who would otherwise drop out (or already have dropped out) but can get back in the schooling loop by recovering credit. They also start to build a new education market in which the learner more actively engages in the pursuit of knowledge. Because the curriculum (e.g., the state standards in Colorado or the new and improved Common Core standards) is hard-wired to the educational experience, the individual learner still has minimal choice in what she gets to study, often no choice whatsoever. But she at least has greater capacity for tracking her own progress and greater control over how and when she'll work through course and curricular requirements. Often, she gets to create her own project, or choose among community service options. (fn 23)
The education market is shifting inexorably to this more individualized approach to schooling. Charter schools, for example. But, as one commentator recently suggested, "For all the talk about 'personalizing learning' these days, we don't often hear much about the actual persons in the process. The prevailing definition of 'personalization,' ironically, seems to have more to do with what technology can offer ...seems to emphasize data and customization..." (fn 24)
Disrupting Class projects Stage Two as more of this programmed-but-individualized instruction. Because of the individualization that technology affords, the instruction will come with even more models and options for the student.
But Stage Two could be learner-centric learning, in which the learner replaces the school as the primary agent. Each individual learner -- as a member of a community of learners and guided by coaching, advising, and community models -- both designs what she wants/needs to learn and how she will go about learning it.
Will Richardson says the key strategy we need to pursue is developing each learner's autonomy. Borrowing from Stephen Downes at the National Research Council of Canada, he says, "Autonomy is what distinguishes between personal learning, which we do for ourselves, and personalized learning, which is done for us." He asks, "Are we preparing students to learn without us? How can we shift curriculum and pedagogy to more effectively help students form and answer their own questions, develop patience with uncertainty and ambiguity, appreciate and learn from failure, and develop the ability to go deeply into the subject about which they have a passion to learn?" (fn 25)
Personal choice about what to learn? Personal design of learning experiences? The chaos! Not necessarily. To work as a system, it would require dynamic structure and a great deal of mentoring attention to each individual. But the energy that we now invest in devising and implementing instruction could be invested instead into nurturing, strengthening, and guiding the innate human desire to learn. And such a system will do a better job of preparing our kids for their future than the system we have now.
Gabriel at the 2006 HS
Project Title-
The Fruit of Paradise:
In Vitro Embryo
Germination of Musaceae
Here's a learning story for the 21st century: Gabriel Sachter-Smith, now 23, discovered at 13 a compelling interest in bananas. Precocious, highly energetic, and intensely curious, Gabriel had never been a particularly "good" student. But entirely independent of school (and academic credit), he launched a personal, in-depth study of bananas and other tropical fruits – learning through websites and online communities and developing an experimental garden in the backyard of his mountainside home in Nederland, Colorado. By the time he graduated from high school (not with honors), Gabriel was a widely recognized international authority on the subject, invited to present at conferences and exchanging ideas/information with some of the world's leading experts. Correspondents who did not know him, other than through their online exchange, frequently called him Dr. Sachter. Now he's a graduate student at the University of Hawaii, which has the most prestigious tropical fruits program in the United States. He still has trouble mastering the classroom. But he has no trouble being a learner. (fn 26)
From "Banana Genius Grows 50 Varietals
On University Of Hawaii Farm,"
Huffington Post - 12/5/10
I'm not suggesting that every kid -- every person -- has a powerful passion that will drive a lifetime of intense learning. I'm saying that humans are designed to learn. Schooling, as it is currently practiced, is designed to make us unlearners: Students. The disruptive innovation that might be occurring is that schooling will be replaced by networked communities of learners -- inspired by passions, fueled by curiosity, guided by mentors, co-learning with colleagues,... Each learner will, as monika hardy says it, “experience the exhilaration of learning in a space of permission to be.” (fn 27)
fn 17 - For details on the case developed in Disrupting Class, see my preceding two posts ("Tipping Point..." parts 1 and 2).
fn 18 - From "Online Education Continues Rapid Growth," in Brain Track (www.braintrack.com/online-colleges/articles/online-education-continues-to-grow - accessed 10/1/12): "According to the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES), the number of students enrolled in at least one distance education course increased significantly between 2002 and 2006, from 1.1 million to 12.2 million--and the growth spurt doesn't seem to be slowing down. In fact, the research firm Ambient Institute expects this figure to skyrocket to 22 million within the next five years. By 2014, Ambient predicts that the number of students taking all of their classes online will increase to 3.55 million, while the number of students taking all of their courses in on-campus classrooms will drop to 5.14 million."
fn 19 - Here's a sampling of recent article titles:
• "K-12 Seeks Custom Fit: Schools Test Individualized Digital Learning" - Theme for Education Week: Technology Counts, 3/17/11.
• "The rise of K-12 blended learning," a white paper published in January 2012 by the Innosight Institute - www.innosightinstitute.org/media-room/publications/education-publications/the-rise-of-k-12-blended-learning/.
• "Blended Learning Mixes It Up," by Katie Ash, in Technology Counts 2012, 3/15/12, pp. 31-34.
• "New charter school models are combining online-only learning and face-to-face instruction" - Education Week, 6/15/12
• "Laptops, personalized learning replace lectures in schools" - eSchool News, 6/21/12
• "Upside Down and Inside Out: Flip Your Classroom to Improve Student Learning" - Learning & Leading with Technology, June/July 2012
• "'Hybrid' Home-Teaching Options Grow in Popularity" - Education Week, 8/8/12
• "When Technology Tools Trump Teachers" - Education Week, 8/8/12
fn 20 - I don't mean this as an attack on K-12 educators. I believe, as the authors of Disrupting Class demonstrate, that public education has been remarkably effective in accomplishing the many and varied missions it's been assigned during the past 100 years. And it seems abundantly clear to me that teachers do a better job now than they have ever done in this country. And, at the same time, schooling as we conventionally practice it is not adequately helping kids to prepare for their future.
fn 21 - "Is Personalized Learning an Education Fad or Can It Really Happen in Our Schools?" by Adam Garry (on behalf of Dell), www.forbes.com/sites/dell/2011/09/26/personalized-learning/
fn 22 - Source: "Standards vs. Customization: Finding the Balance," by Larry Cuban, in Educational Leadership, February 2012, pp. 10-15.
Here's another example. EdWeek (9-18-12) promoted a webinar entitled "Hybrid Learning Pushes Personalization Forward," with the following paragraph: "To truly personalize the learning process, many educators are blending face-to-face instruction with digital resources that enhance or reinforce classroom learning. View this webinar and hear from three educators on the forefront of hybrid learning and discover what they have learned; including the 5 dimensions of differentiation, the components of a successful 21st century learning environment, and how to effectively personalize education and raise student achievement."
fn 23 - Here's an illustration of this minimal enhancement of learning consumer choice: The 2010 Speak Up survey asked students to identify the factors that make virtual education appealing. The students' top ratings went to Scheduling (61% of high school student respondents), Control of Learning (60% of high school respondents), Work at Own Pace (57%), College Credit (50%), and Review Class Material (45%). These answers are about time, place, and a little bit about manner, not at all about what students will learn. You can't blame the students; they're digging for whatever individuality they can find. Source: "Leveraging Technology for K-12 Learning," in Education Week, 3/15/12, p. 36.
fn 24 - "People vs. 'Personalization': Retaining the Human Element in the High-Tech Era of Education," by Susan Sandler, in Education Week, 2/29/12, p. 20.
fn 25 - Source: "Preparing Students to Learn Without Us," by Will Richardson, in Educational Leadership, February 2012, p. 25.
fn 26 - Google Gabriel's name; you'll be amazed.
fn 27 – monika hardy is a learning innovation facilitator in Thompson Valley School District (Loveland, CO). The “be you lab” that she and students have created is described in "Nothing's nailed down in Thompson School District's Innovation Lab," by Shelley Widhalm, in the Loveland Reporter-Herald. http://www.reporterherald.com/news/education/ci_19173833
Posted by Stevan Kalmon at 2:57 PM
Labels: 21C Learning, 21st century, developing communities of learning, how we learn, learning community, learning culture, learning organization, learning targets, schooling, transformation
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ANZAC PHENOMENON
LIGHT HORSE MEN
WALER HORSES
ANZAC VALUES
AUSTRALIAN & ANZAC IDENTITY
ANZAC CALL
DIVISIONS, BRIGADES & REGIMENTS
MAGDHABA
JORDAN VALLEY & AMMAN
BEERSHEBA IN HISTORY
CHAYTOR
FRANK MCNAMARA
HARRY CHAUVEL
ZIZA
Art Competition Winners
The Waler Horses
In the 19th and 20th century Australian horses were sold for military purposes to the Indian Army and also to other countries. The Indians called them ‘Walers’ because they came from New South Wales, which at that time covered most of mainland Eastern Australia. The name stuck, even after federation, when the horses were being recruited from other states as well. They were not a recognised breed but rather Australian stock horses that had been bred for the harsh Australian outback conditions.
The first seven horses came on the First Fleet with others following on later ships. Originally from Britain, the horses were bred in Australia in the Hunter Valley. They were known for their speed, strength and stamina in tough conditions.
Horses were the major means of transport for the troopers in the desert. At any point there were 13,000 horses serving the troops in the Middle East. They not only carried soldiers to the battle front, but also carried mail, pulled heavy equipment such as guns, drew ambulance wagons and carried the wounded.
Eight thousand horses were transported with the first troops but due to the rough seas and humid tropical weather, 220 of them died before they even touched the shores of Egypt. Many of these had caught pneumonia. A total of six million horses died during the course of the Great War.
Caring for the horses was very important. They had to be groomed daily – rubbed and massaged with a metal-toothed comb called a currycomb, then brushed with a stiff brush to remove the dirt and finally a softer brush over the body. The mane and tail had to be brushed to remove all the tangles, burrs and grasses. Their hooves needed to be cleaned of dirt and stones and polished. The horses had to be regularly exercised to keep fit and given endurance training to build stamina. All of this process built the relationship between man and beast. This trust was crucial to their success in the drama of warfare.
They also had to be highly trained so they would not react at the noise of gun shots, artillery and aircraft. They had to obey the slightest hand on their neck or quiet word from their master, as silence meant life-preservation at times. There were veterinary surgeons and specialist horse handlers that went with the troops. Two of the horse handlers were an aboriginal tracker named Jackie Mullagh, and Banjo Paterson, better known for his writing and lyric bush poetry. Their job was to break in the newly-arriving horses and get them ready for the battle front. They also cared for the reserve horses.
The most heart-breaking part of the war for many of the ANZAC Horse men was the decision that no horses were to come back. The Australian government had quarantine concerns and was not prepared to go to the expense of bringing the animals home. The best horses went to Britain for breeding or as cavalry. Others were sold to the British army and went on to serve in India. Some were sold to Belgian farmers or as horsemeat. All horses over the age of 12 and those that were sick or injured, were systematically shot.
136,000 Walers were sent from Australia. Only one returned.
In the Sinai, the ANZACs constituted four fifths of the total mounted troops. The Australian War Memorial records that 136,000 Walers were sent from Australia and only one returned. It was the dying wish of Major General Sir William Bridges that his horse, Sandy, be repatriated to Australia. Bridges, the commander of the 1st Australian Division in Gallipoli, was killed by sniper fire. He had founded the military college at Duntroon. His wish was granted. In 1918, Sandy sailed from Liverpool and spent the rest of his days at the Remount Centre in Maribyrnong.
The same was true for the New Zealanders. Only one horse came home for them also – a mare named Bess.
In many cases, the horses had saved lives. There are stories of the lead horse refusing to take another step in the dark night fog. The soldiers then discovered that there was a plummeting ravine ahead that they had not seen. Some injured troopers’ lives were saved by their sensitive horses that knew their need and carried them back to base.
The ANZACs were so disgusted with how the local people flogged and abused their animals that they preferred to shoot their horses themselves rather than risk having them mistreated after the war.
Trooper ‘Bluegum’ (Major Oliver Hogue) summed up his feelings in rhyme.
I don't think I could stand the thought of my old fancy hack
Just crawling round old Cairo with a 'Gyppo on his back.
Perhaps some English tourist out in Palestine may find
My broken-hearted Waler with a wooden plough behind.
No: I think I'd better shoot him and tell a little lie:--
"He floundered in a wombat hole and then lay down to die."
May be I'll get court-martialled; but I'm damned if I'm inclined
To go back to Australia and leave my horse behind.1
It was a sad end for their faithful friends who never volunteered their services but went far beyond their call of duty.
Perry, R., Bill the Bastard, Allen & Unwin, 2012, 265
Best Mates - Ray Kuhn and Phantasia. Painting by Jennifer Marshall www.lighthorse.com.au
Sandy – Major General Sir William Throsby Bridges, KCB, CMG, Commander of the Australian Imperial Force (AIF) and of the 1st Australian Division in 1914-1915, https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P05290.001
(c) Beersheba 100 Years
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los straitjackets Archive
Album (and EP) Review: Nick Lowe and Los Straitjackets — ‘Lay it on Me’ and ‘Walkabout’
By Bill Kopp
new release, rawk, review
Sometimes, when two great musical forces meet, the results can be disastrous, or at least unimpressive. I don’t count myself as a fan of the ill-advised Lou Reed and Metallica pairing, 2011’s Lulu. And when the sometimes warring factions of Yes got back together for Union, the resulting album was a forgettable, bloated, too-many-cooks affair.
Album Review: The Neptunas – Mermaid A-Go-Go
new release, rawk, review, surf
There’s something inescapably, relentlessly cool about surf rock. The style had its heyday in the early ‘60s, but it’s never gone away. And for good reason: there’s something irresistible about a strong signature melody, instrumental music so hooky that vocals aren’t even necessary. And when the vocals are employed, done right, they only add to
Lowe’s Straitjackets
interview, rawk
Though he’s known primarily for his 1979 hit single “Cruel to Be Kind,” singer-songwriter Nick Lowe is a revered figure in rock and pop music. A key figure in the British punk and new wave scenes of the late 1970s and early ’80s, Lowe has since turned his own music in a more low-key direction.
Best of 2013: Concerts
best-of list, live shows, review
I had the pleasure of attending more live music shows this year than I could count. A lot. Really. These were my favorites. Click on the titles for a full review/feature. Cody ChesnuTT Owing to my schedule, I passed the interview duties for this one on to my daughter, an able writer/journalist in her own
It’s a Mondo Zombie Boogaloo!
garage, interview, live shows, new release, pop, rawk
It’s one thing to make good music. A challenging thing, not to be taken for granted, but as far as live performance goes, ultimately it’s only one part of the mix. Another thing is to put on a good show. Some artists do that without getting the first part of the equation (Gene Simmons, I’m
Concert Review: Yep Roc 15, Night #1
live shows, review
Note: many more photos from this night are in my previous post. The first night of Yep Roc 15 was superby stage-managed: with the program slated to start at 8pm, master of ceremonies John Wesley Harding strolled onto the stage right on time. And within four minutes the music began. Harding’s witty banter (much of
Los Straitjackets: A New Twist on an Old Sensation
interview, pop
Legendary instro-rockers Los Straitjackets have taken worthwhile stylistic excursions before. While their primary métier is surf music, they joined with a host of vocalists for 2001’s Sing Along with Los Straijackets. And their upcoming release–Rock en Español, which should hit the streets by the time you read this–will feature vocals by the front-men of Los
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Funding the RTCs
By NJDan, August 9, 2019 in International Wrestling
NJDan 565
I understand there is some kind of controversy about RTCs and whether they allow an unfair advantage to college teams that train in the same room.
But my question is how these RTCs get funded.
I gather they have to raise their own money. But wouldn't that mean that the same people who are trying to raise money for the college program-- that is, the head coach-- would be fundraising for the RTC? In other words, Rob Koll or Tom Ryan or Cael Sanderson would be asking for money for both their college program and their RTC program. I would think they'd be calling the same people for both-- who else? Wouldn't that create a conflict? Or are college wrestling programs so flush with donors that they can tell some of them to give to the RTC instead?
DocBZ reacted to this
TBar1977 3,759
Hall of Fame Member
Relax, NJDan. They'll probably kill the RTC's off and you'll get your wish to come true. It won't make any bit of difference, but you'll show them who is boss.
Stop being a putz, Tbar. That's not my wish. Love the RTCs. But I do have a question about them.
Edited August 9, 2019 by NJDan
17 hours ago, NJDan said:
Hardly being a putz. People here on the mat.com have been calling them a conduit for cheaters for years. Now coaches are doing it. That only happens when people want to get rid of them No actual evidence req'd.
I loved today's FRL. Pyles said they are only doing it because PSU keeps winning titles. He's right.
Here is what's funny, when questioned Cael said something to the effect of "if they want to get rid of them, go ahead and get rid of them".
Edited August 9, 2019 by TBar1977
Lurker 1,382
Man T, you really get offended easy.
Witherman, DocBZ and Yellow_Medal reacted to this
TripNSweep 464
I figured that with the RTC there were fewer rules and restrictions like there are for official college boosters who have to usually share with the athletic department general fund. That's why it's easier to convince donors to give to them, because they know it's going towards helping the wrestling team.
NJDan reacted to this
tigerfan 150
5 hours ago, TripNSweep said:
If you want to support Mizzou wrestling, you are instructed to make the check out to the Missouri Wrestling Foundation (RTC). They are free to use that money in whatever way the coaches feel will best help the program. I suppose donations through the University still happen occasionally, but most wrestling supporters know how it works.
Sstern 106
7 hours ago, TBar1977 said:
I loved today's FRL. Pukes said they are only doing it because PSU keeps winning titles. He's right.
You did not really say that, did you? You can’t mean it.
3 hours ago, tigerfan said:
I think this illustrates NJDan's point then. So "all" of the money is technically going to the RTC? And then can decide on their own how much of it stays with the RTC and how much goes to the college team?
BTW, the Missouri Wrestling Foundation should probably spend some of that money on their website. Looks like it's from 1995.
bnwtwg 419
When football, MBB, and the XC/indoor/outdoor track get the conglomerate of scholarships this is how the small sports and their alumni + supporters "fight back" (perhaps there is a better term to use?). I hope every swimming, tennis, gymnastics, and rugby team also has RTCs because playing by the rules has done nothing but see a large removal of our less glamorous collegiate athletic programs through the years.
TripNSweep's comment is helpful. I donate a small amount of money to one college wrestling team. Are people saying that some of that money goes to a general pool and winds up funding field hockey or whatnot?
Also, it would seem to me that running an RTC is a lot more expensive per capita than running a college team. College athletes pay tuition (except for the few on full rides or other scholarships) while RTC athletes get paid (or do they)?
Is there a link somewhere that explains how all this works?
10 hours ago, Sstern said:
I said all of that except for one autocorrect (Pyles' last name was autocorrected) which I have edited to make it reflect what I actually typed last nite.
ConnorsDad 554
17 hours ago, TBar1977 said:
They have been great for our International Teams. But when coaches who actually have an RTC are saying there's a problem, there's a problem. It's not like it's just people who don't have one but Rob Koll, John Smith, and so on and so forth. I personally think they should have them they just shouldn't be able to train in the same gym NBA players are not allowed to go practice at their college with the college team so why should wrestling be any different. And whether there's any actual proof or not, nobody believes that there's not some influence exerted on the high school kids from the postgraduate wrestlers. If anybody does they're living in a dream world. Do I think having a Regional Training Center would have changed who has won the last 10 national championships? Not one bit. Does it make the gap between the Haves and Have Nots bigger? Absolutely
ConnorsDad, I think no matter how they redo the whole rtc/club environment, there really won't be any change at all. Not in who the top schools are or in how wide the gap is between them and everyone else.
On 8/9/2019 at 9:14 AM, 1032004 said:
This is correct as far as outside donations go, but keep in mind the total fundraising per annum is dwarfed by the amount the athletic dept. allots to support the wrestling team, at least in Mizzou's case. But there is zero attempt made to separate the resources. Locker rooms, mats, strength/cardio equipment, entertainment/stereo systems, therapy/rehab equipment, etc. are all intermingled and co-funded to one degree or another. And everything is located on University property. Mizzou has a stand alone room separated by double doors that is technically the RTC wrestling room, but it's not like all the equipment/facilities listed above that were purchased by the RTC are located in that room nor are RTC athletes exclusively practicing in there. I really hope none of this supposed to be secret and I'm 100% confident that Brian Smith would never do anything that he thought might be against NCAA rules.
I will say that over the years, Smith has been very vocal about the support he gets from the athletic dept. to implement these practices. Perhaps that is what separates the haves from the have nots? If the school doesn't allow programs to share resources like this, it would make it very difficult to compete at the highest level, even if you did have a relatively well-funded RTC.
gimpeltf 1,471
Any money donated to the club/RTC can ONLY be used by the club/RTC. Obviously, it can, in part, go to the wrestlers of the college team as expenses or work performed but it CAN NOT be redirected towards the team itself. That would make it a University affinity/booster club. They must be independent. Generally, the "volunteer" coach is paid via the club. Becoming a booster club would mean the school was funding the coach as booster clubs are considered part of the institution. The reverse would be equally true and easier to understand that if the school funded the club then that club is part of university control.
novalion 5
On 8/9/2019 at 2:44 PM, bnwtwg said:
Track has 19 individual events plus 2 relays and Cross Country needs 7 scoring runners and men's T&F/XC gets a total of 12.6 ships, so me thinks you are WAY off base with that one. Obviously, FB, and BB (both men's and women's) get way more ships than they really need.
On 8/8/2019 at 9:24 PM, NJDan said:
Well, college wrestling programs are not flush with donors as every school operates in the red. You are right that the donors are mostly the same people. Not sure why that would create a conflict. The RTCs also raise money thru camps, clinics, etc.
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Hoagland: Ghastly in Glendale
I really hate to subsidize Kerry Cassidy's nutty ventures in any way, but yesterday as the sun failed to appear I thought "wtf, it's only $5" and paid up for the privilege of getting 156 ghastly minutes of Hoagland in a tiny sub-window with atrocious audio.
This was the Awake & Aware lecture from Glendale last weekend, by all accounts not well attended, so possibly Kerry made a loss on the event, which she had originally planned for the Joshua Tree conference center.
Hoagland sure does love his SciFi, doesn't he? He spent a full 50 minutes just showing us images of famous works of the genre, from H.G. Wells to the latest Dr Who on BBC tv. In honor of the latter, the lectern was dressed up to look like a Tardis -- I kid you not.
Just to be sure we all understood we were not here witnessing anything resembling science, he threw in a little numerology. I can give you a flavor of that very easily:
sin 19.47° = 0.3333
0.33332 = 0.1111
0.1111 transforms to 11.11
therefore 11.11 is code for 19.5note 1
Isn't it interesting that 11 different actors have portrayed Dr Who?
The BBC must be hyperdimensional.
The audio wasn't good enough for me to hear whether anyone in the audience shouted "NO RICHARD, IT'S NOT INTERESTING -- IT'S USELESS TRASH!"
Meaningless spikes
Well, finally we got to the Accutron tracesnote 2, which he characterized as "a totally new tool for astrophysics". In a stunning confirmation of my theory that Richard Hoagland is incompetent at mathematics, he told his audience that the frequency of the tuning fork decreases as its inertia increases, in accordance with the Newtonian equation F=manote 3.
He went through his "experiments", starting with the 2004 Venus transit during which he actually had the wrong time for 3rd contact (it was really 07:07:33 EDT, not 07:03:53). He showed Teotihuacan, April 2009, again pretending that the first frequency spike coincided with the moment of dawn although it most assuredly did not (it was 6min 25sec later). He showed the "astounding" frequency excursions he recorded at Tikal, also in April 2009 -- the biggest of all his meaningless spikes even though they were recorded at a time when nothing special was happening astronomically.
I know you're dying to see what he recorded at Chichen Itza last December 19th, before being tossed out by security guards. Hey presto!
The resolution is way too low to comment much, except to say that this trace is obviously quite unlike anything he's shown us before. He didn't think that was important enough to explain.
There's an objection to his reasoning on this which I haven't noted as much as I perhaps should have, in past bloggery on the subject. In addition to the fact that he has published no baselines or controls, and that many of his spikes are off-scale, I mean. It is this: He has written that the torsion field increases (and hence frequency decreases) when the tuning fork is parallel to the spin axis of the planet or star creating the field, but the field decreases (and frequency increases) when the fork is orthogonal to the spin axis. And yet he has never, even once, told us what the orientation of the tuning fork was during any of his "experiments."
Last week, in e-mail to me, he told me that I had missed the point of Neil Armstrong's speech at the White House and admonished me to "stick to engineering". Well, I think he should stick to science fiction. Come to think of it, I guess that's what he's doing anyway.
1. He claims hyperdimensional significance for the number 19.47 because it's the latitude at which three vertices of a tetrahedron appear when the tetrahedron is inscribed in a sphere with the other vertex at a pole.
2. For readers new to the Accutron -- I've written about this many times. There's also a good concise explanation here.
3. Quite likely E=mc2 and F=ma are the only two equations Hoagland has ever heard of. Sadly, neither of them is remotely relevant to the frequency of a tuning fork as a function of the properties of its material. The real equation may be found here.
Labels: hoagland Accutron nonsense, kerry cassidy, neil armstrong, numerology, torsion field
No, Neil Armstrong did not liken himself to a parrot
In comments to the previous post here, I metaphorically rolled my eyes at the fact that Richard Hoagland, after all these years, is still repeating the canard that Neil Armstrong likened himself to a parrot in his 25th anniversary speech at the White House.
Hoagland said this during the panel discussion at last weekend's Awake & Aware conference in Glendale. I decided to chide Hoagland in e-mail, and it led to this exchange, which is only informative in that it testifies to how utterly obtuse the man is.
Reminder: What Armstrong actually said was "Wilbur Wright once noted that the only bird that can talk is the parrot, and he doesn't fly very well, so I'll be brief".
I can't believe you trotted out that falsehood yet again at the A&A panel discussion. Armstrong was possibly the greatest pilot in history, and also famously poor at public speaking. You are saying he likened himself to a bird whose talents are THE EXACT OPPOSITE???
Please think before you speak and write.
The first responsibility of a real scientist/engineer is to OBSERVE.
Please watch and listen CAREFULLY.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UeQriZqkKIk
Neil Armstrong, at the opening of this famous White House speech, on the 25th Anniversary of the Apollo 11 Landing, DOES directly compare himself to ... a parrot!
The real meaning of this astonishing, personal comparison (given your obvious point -- that Neil was, demonstrably, the unparalled pilot of all time), is equally obvious--
He was (in this, and in all his public speeches re Apollo ...) merely repeating "a carefully-sanctioned script" ... which (as a guy obviously wrestling with his own integrity in all of this) he wanted all Americans to know--Even if he couldn't "tell it straight."
It is YOU who should be watching and listening CAREFULLY. I can't believe you are really this obtuse. He is saying "My talent is for flying, not talking, SO I'LL BE BRIEF". In other words, THE OPPOSITE of a parrot. Dear me, dear me....
I hope you're a better engineer than writer!
You really missed the entire point of his remarkable, carefully-chosen opening ....
If, as you claim, he was likening himself to a parrot, WHY WOULD HE SAY "SO I'LL BE BRIEF"???
Parrots are GOOD AT TALKING. Surely you can understand that!!!!!
Why bring up "parrots" at all ...? :)
What is the ONE THING parrots are universally known for?
Not "talking" ....
But REPEATING ... what other people say.
Neil knew EXACTLY what he was doing with that opening .... :)
>>Why bring up "parrots" at all ...? <<
Because Wilbur Wright did.
Now look -- Parrots are a) Good at talking, b) Bad at flying.
Armstrong, by his own admission, is a) Bad at talking, b) Good at flying.
THE OPPOSITE of a parrot!!!!!!!!!!!!!
No, he QUOTED Wilbur ....
He didn't HAVE to. :)
Because--
He needed the "parrot/repeating" METAPHOR ... and, quoting Wright deftly deflected the responsibility of choosing THAT metaphor (for thos paying attention) from HIMSELF.
Stick with engineering .... :)
What you write here has no credibility whatsoever. You are totally wrong.
Hoagland's e-mail address is enterprisemission2001@yahoo.com
Labels: hoagland baiting
Another open letter to Adrienne Loska
Dear Adrienne,
Happy Easter. Christ is risen, etc. (Dunno if you believe in that stuff, but if you believe there's a one mile square ziggurat on the far side of the Moon, you're definitely the gullible type)
re: Your client Mike Bara, author and so-called aeronautical engineer
Now look, Adrienne dear, this has gone a bit too far. Your client is seriously misinforming his audience. On Dark Matters internet radio, in early March, he reiterated his contention that spinning masses draw in energy from an invisible dimension. As an example, he cited the return trip of Apollo 13 from the Moon. Maintaining trajectory, he explained, required several mid-course corrections, and that was because the CM was powered down and the gyros were not spinning as they normally would be. Hence, you see, an important element of the spacecraft's propulsion was absent. He added:
"I think this was something that Von Braun snuck into the rocket equation back in the 1950s without anyone knowing."
Dr.Derek Eunson, a working design engineer, has written that this statement is "one of the most ludicrous things I have ever heard." He added some very uncomplimentary epithets about your client the author and ersatz engineer—there's no need to repeat them here.
Your client's proposition is wrong in the following five ways:
1] Drawing in energy from "other dimensions" violates the law of conservation of energy. If that law is wrong, it's extremely hard to understand why the physical world has appeared to obey it ever since it was formulated in the 19th century.
2] It is not true that an unusual number of mid-course corrections were needed to bring Apollo 13 home. There was one at MET 105:18:28, about one third of the way home, and another small one at 137:01:48, just prior to CM/SM separation. That is one fewer than the contingency plan stated in the Press Kit, issued prior to launch (see p.42, Transearth coast)
3] Your client the playboy-engineer is evidently under the mistaken impression that energy needs to be applied continuously to a spacecraft during the transit between Earth and Moon (or vice versa). Perhaps he is thinking—erroneously—that the situation is equivalent to that of a car, a train or an aircraft (the latter of which your client claims to have designed, so he's familiar with the idea even though he has written, mistakenly, that the lift generated by an airfoil is not mathematically understood). It is not the case. A spacecraft is set on its journey by a very precisely timed and aimed impulse from its engines, lasting at most a few minutes, and from then on (with the small exception of the mid-course correction) it is under the influence of gravity only. It's perhaps not surprising that your client the error-prone author should get this wrong. His writings over the years have demonstrated his utter ignorance of the nature of both gravitation and orbital mechanics.
4] The equation normally referred to as "the rocket equation" is not the work of Wernher Von Braun, but that of the Russian scientist Konstantin Eduardovich Tsiolkovsky. Here it is, and isn't it a sweetie?
5] It is not possible for anyone—not even Von Braun— to "sneak" terms into a well-known equation without anyone else knowing. Your client the fake engineer reiterated this fiction on Higherside Chats internet radio, and it's a very serious error. While it may be true that transfer orbits are calculated by computer rather than slide-rule now, the algorithms used by those computers are well known to a veritable army of software engineers. Since Von Braun's time two whole generations of rocket scientists have come of age and been trained. Does Mr. Bara think that their instructors would teach equations with "mystery" terms in them?
My plea to you, Adrienne, is that you tell your client to stop this nonsense.
One more thing, Adrienne...
If your client the joke-engineer ever finishes his book Ancient Aliens on Mars, I wish you would persuade him that recruiting his cronies to write meaningless five-star Amazon reviews is unprofessional. I realize that something similar is a fairly normal feature of book promotion these days, but the way it is done is to persuade people to a) actually read the book, and b) write something coherent and persuasive. A little prevarication has come to be accepted, I guess.
There is no better example of your client's extravagant abuse of this tactic than a "review" of The Choice posted on 3rd December last year by one "B. Hopper asdf1239". This person wrote as follows:
great value. i like it a lot.
Amazon did not accept this as a review, since it fell short of the minimum required length. B. Hopper, a loyal buddy of your client the unintentionally comic author, revised it to say:
great value. i like it a lot. adding more words yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes
That's his "review." Adrienne, I put it to you that this takes unprofessionalism to new heights.
Regards, expat
Labels: adrienne loska, bara nonsense, tsiolkovsky equation
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City of Thorns: Nine Lives in the World's Largest Refugee Camp Ben Rawlence : Download PDF
Ben Rawlence
To the charity workers, Dadaab refugee camp is a humanitarian crisis; to the Kenyan government, it is a 'nursery for terrorists'; to the western media, it is a dangerous no-go area; but to its half a million residents, it is their last resort.
Situated hundreds of miles from any other settlement, deep within the inhospitable desert of northern Kenya where only thorn bushes grow, Dadaab is a city like no other. Its buildings are made from mud, sticks or plastic, its entire economy is grey, and its citizens survive on rations and luck. Over the course of four years, Ben Rawlence became a first-hand witness to a strange and desperate limbo-land, getting to know many of those who have come there seeking sanctuary. Among them are Guled, a former child soldier who lives for football; Nisho, who scrapes an existence by pushing a wheelbarrow and dreaming of riches; Tawane, the indomitable youth leader; and schoolgirl Kheyro, whose future hangs upon her education.
In City of Thorns, Rawlence interweaves the stories of nine individuals to show what life is like in the camp and to sketch the wider political forces that keep the refugees trapped there. Rawlence combines intimate storytelling with broad socio-political investigative journalism, doing for Dadaab what Katherinee Boo's Behind the Beautiful Forevers did for the Mumbai slums. Lucid, vivid and illuminating, City of Thorns is an urgent human story with deep international repercussions, brought to life through the people who call Dadaab home.
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in city of thorns, rawlence interweaves the stories of nine individuals to show what life is like in the camp and to sketch the wider political forces that keep the refugees trapped there. rawlence combines intimate storytelling with broad socio-political investigative journalism, doing for dadaab what katherinee boo's behind the beautiful forevers did for the mumbai slums. lucid, vivid and illuminating, city of thorns is an urgent human story with deep international repercussions, brought to life through the people who call dadaab home. not a dream anymore. They are agents sent by toa heavy industries to retrieve humans with the ability to resist and 384 transmute the n5s infection, which is spreading across the world, turning humans into "drones" disfigured, zombie-like beings.
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in city of thorns, rawlence interweaves the stories of nine individuals to show what life is like in the camp and to sketch the wider political forces that keep the refugees trapped there. rawlence combines intimate storytelling with broad socio-political investigative journalism, doing for dadaab what katherinee boo's behind the beautiful forevers did for the mumbai slums. lucid, vivid and illuminating, city of thorns is an urgent human story with deep international repercussions, brought to life through the people who call dadaab home. values. This site has links to news and to the charity workers, dadaab refugee camp is a humanitarian crisis; to the kenyan government, it is a 'nursery for terrorists'; to the western media, it is a dangerous no-go area; but to its half a million residents, it is their last resort.
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American Idol Performances
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Bringing Broadway Home
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Clay for NC
Clay Aiken -A Minute of Respectful Silence
By musicfan123
In the United States, Memorial Day is on the last Monday
in May and honors Americans who gave their lives
for their country in wars.
Memorial Day National Moment of Remembrance at 3PM.
“On Monday May 26th, 2014, pause at 3:00pm local time for a minute of
respectful silence for those who have died in the service of our
nation. Simply pause for the Moment – It can be a simple gesture, such as placing your hand over your heart, bowing your head, or offering a prayer,and promising to live a good life in honor of those who gave their lives for our freedom. It puts your remembrance into action.”
The first nationwide Memorial Day Parade was held on May 30, 1868 by a group of Civil war Union Army Vets. Why they chose May 30, no one knows.
Although this holiday is celebrated with barbeques, trips to the beach, and other recreation, it is important to remember the history of the day and the men and women who have given their lives for our great country.
What are your plans for this Memorial Week-end? Are you going to a parade or are you staying at home? Maybe you are cleaning up the grill for an old fashioned Memorial Day Picnic.
Whatever your plans may be, have a safe and memorable Day. And don’t forget to support Clay Aiken in whatever way you can. He’s a pretty remarkable young man and today is a good time to show him and the people of District 2 in North Carolina that he is loved and respected.
Clay Aiken News Network is an unofficial fansite. We are not affiliated in any way with Clay Aiken or his management. This website was made by fans for fans and makes no impression or impersonation of the official site, which can be found under the domain clayaiken.com.
Categories : Clay News, Editorial
Tags : Clay Aiken, ClayForNC, Lee Greenwood, Memorial Day, National Moment of Remembrance
@kitstj says:
Happy Memorial Day y'all.
Clay has been my bridge over troubled waters for years.
Go, Clay for North Carolina!
gaymarie1 says:
Unfortunately, I do have to work tomorrow but at 3:00 p.m. my time I will pause for one minute to thank all the vets who risked their lives for America. Thank you!
pumpkin says:
i have no work tomrow clay has also been my bridge over troubled waters for years also and i will pause one minite to thank all the vets who have risked our lives for americia at 300pm
If you are looking for Clay’s official website, please click here.
Clay Aiken – Reliving Some Fun
Clay Aiken: Celebrating Martin Luther King
Clay Aiken – The Excitement of Broadway
Clay Aiken – A Catchy Song – An Immediate Hit.
Clay Aiken – The Ice Shines
Clay Aiken -An Important Part
Clay Aiken – “Forget I Ever Knew You”
I have always believed in a life of service. But Tina, Dr. Mac, and the kids I worked with at Brentwood crystallized that desire. They helped me to see how vital it is for me to use my time on earth to make a difference in some way. -Clay Aiken
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Wire Stories > The Beer Store > Celebrating Ontario’s Enviro... > You Are Here
Celebrating Ontario’s Environmental Leadership
Friday, January 31st 2014 11:03:20am
Mississauga, ON L4W 5L2
www.thebeerstore.ca
T: (905) 361-1005 F: (905) 361-4289
The Beer Store’s deposit return and material management system is a world-class recycling system that benefits Ontario taxpayers and Ontario’s environment
Mississauga, ON (January 31, 2014) --The Beer Store, a global environmental leader, is at work in communities across the province, serving Ontarians and the environment. Most Ontarians, at some point over the year, have even contributed to this environmental success. The result has been a taxpayer savings of $40 million.
The Beer Store has been collecting empty beer containers since it opened in 1927, the same year Prohibition ended in Ontario. The return program, currently in its ninth decade of operation, has collected more than 75 billion beer containers to date. Despite high consumer levels of awareness regarding the deposit refund system, the environmental benefits are often less celebrated. This year’s stewardship report is full of information about the taxpayer and environmental benefits of the Beer Store’s world-class system.
“Thanks to the involvement of Ontario consumers, the Beer Store and the brewers who use our system are able to reuse or recycle an average of 4,000 containers every minute of every day, every year,” noted Ted Moroz, the Beer Store President. “It’s a system that works to ensure our industry’s packaging is diverted from landfills and from being a burden on the Ontario taxpayer. It’s an environmental commitment unmatched by other retailers, in Ontario or elsewhere.”
Yesterday, the Beer Store released Serving Ontarians and the Environment: Responsible Stewardship 2012-2013, its annual packaging stewardship report for primary and secondary alcohol packaging, which includes details on the Beer Store’s deposit return system for beer containers and the Ontario Deposit Return Program (ODRP) for wine, spirit and cooler containers.
For the 52-week period ending April 28, 2013, the following environmental landmarks were achieved:
2.02 billion beverage alcohol containers collected -- equivalent to over 90% of all beverage alcohol containers sold in Ontario;
1.72 billion beer containers collected -- representing a 92.3% overall return rate for all glass and PET bottles, metal cans and kegs sold in Ontario;
98.2% of all refillable glass beer bottles were returned -- these bottles are used an average of 15 times before being recycled into new glass bottles -- enabling brewers to sell over 1.05 billion beer servings in Ontario in 2012-13 while only purchasing 96 million bottles;
80% of wine, spirit and cooler containers (ODRP containers) were recovered -- approximately 1.8 billion containers have been collected since the program began in 2007;
An impressive 89% of large ODRP glass containers (over 630mL) were recovered -- over 50% of all ODRP containers sold were of this variety; and
Recovery of more paper and plastic packaging than the industry generated -- making the Beer Store’s program net positive for the Blue Box and Ontario landfills
Combined, the Beer Store’s beer container recovery program and the ODRP successfully:
Diverted over 447,000 tonnes of beverage alcohol packaging from Ontario landfills -- equivalent to almost 50% of all materials collected through the Blue Box program;
Saved 2.8 million gigajoules of energy -- equivalent to over 460,000 barrels of oil worth $49 million; and
Avoided approximately 200,500 tonnes of GHG emissions -- equivalent to taking about 41,700 cars off the road for a year.
“Our environmental leadership -- which saves Ontario taxpayers over $40 million annually -- is just one example of how the Beer Store works for Ontario consumers,” noted Moroz. “Our award-winning deposit return system is a part of our business and one of our five core values as a retailer. We are very proud of our environmental record and the benefits that record delivers for Ontarians”
“The Beer Store’s recycling results are outstanding,” said Ontario Environment Minister Jim Bradley. “Recycling used packaging is good for our environment and our economy. The Beer Store’s efforts mean more glass is recycled into new products such as new bottles and fiberglass insulation, rather than being wasted in landfills,” he said.
To download a copy of Responsible Stewardship 2012-2013, please visit:
www.thebeerstore.ca/tbs-environmental-report.html.
Brian Zeiler-Kligman
Director, Sustainability
Canada’s National Brewers
bz-k@nationalbrewers.ca
More By The Beer Store
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The majority of the prize would find its way into his pocket anyway. It recompensed them for the price of their commissions. home ac blower motor replacement cost Every few moments she stopped altogether, then gasped again. Hester and Claudine looked at each other, then at Martha. Finally it was the last time, and she lay still. Together they pronounced the familiar words slowly, a little huskily. I mean, she has to be buried too. It seemed like the Quartermaster was busy using his influence elsewhere. Most of the older men wanted back to their beds or their wives. The younger ones wanted to head down to the stream to flirt with the free girls. Rik begged off and headed to his billet, stripped and changed into his old tattered, patched uniform.
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FICTIONEERS.net
A directory of indie RPGs and storygames
Games by Polar Blues Press
Bounty Hunters of the Atomic Wastelands
B-movie sci-fi meets spaghetti western: A fast-paced, action-adventure roleplaying game in which players take on the role of Bounty Hunters, banding together to hunt down bad guys for reputation and reward - in a world where drifters and gunslingers rub shoulders with killer robots, atomic horrors... (Comments: 0)
Cyberblues City
A near-future action-adventure RPG. Fast-playing and often funny, it offers a lighter take on the cyberpunk genre, both in terms of system and tone. Cyberblues City uses a much modified version of the Fudge roleplaying system designed to make it easy on GMs. And best of all, it is absolutely free... (Comments: 0)
Mutant Bikers of the Atomic Wastelands
MBAW is a very simple post-apocalyptic game based on the FUDGE rules, stripped down to just a handful of skills and whole lot of attitude. The skills all have silly names like “Take it Like a Man” or “Figure Stuff Out”. MBAW is by design a beer and pretzel game. Create some wacky characters and... (Comments: 0)
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Contact Us Page Last Updated 14 February 2019
Trial Match
- 10 September 1962 -
Guildford City FC 0 England 1 [0-1]
Joseph's Road, Guildford (1,246) Nottage AW
England: M.Pinner, J.Martin, W.Creasey, B.King, R.Law ͨ (A.Sunnucks), C.Townsend, M.Pragg, B.Martin, T.Lawrence, E.Nottage, B.Harvey.
Six days before the first international of the season, England took on a Southern League side. Roy Law went off injured after only five minutes and missed the first two internationals as a result. Despite netting the only goal, Eric Nottage never won an England cap.
199 16 September 1962 -
Republic of Ireland 2 England 2 [0-0]
Dalymount Park, Dublin (10,000) Doyle, Browne
Lindsay, Pragg AD
England: M.Pinner, J.Martin ͨ, W.Creasey, B.King, J.Robertson, C.Townsend, M.Pragg, B.Martin, T.Lawrence, H.Lindsay, B.Harvey.
British Amateur Championship
200 29 September 1962 - England 3 Northern Ireland 2 [2-0]
Champion Hill, Dulwich (7,501) Candey (2), B.Martin
Spence, Johnston
England: M.Pinner, J.Martin ͨ, W.Creasey, R.Ardrey, J.Robertson, B.King, M.Candey, David Sadler, T.Lawrence, B.Martin, B.Harvey.
Sixteen-year-old, David Sadler, the last England amateur to go on to win full international caps, made his debut.
201 17 November 1962 - England 3 Wales 2 [2-1]
Gay Meadow, Shrewsbury (-) Lawrence (2), Sadler
Fitzgerald (2) HW
England: M.Pinner, P.Terry, W.Creasey, R.Ardrey ͨ, R.Law, C.Townsend, M.Candey, David Sadler, T.Lawrence, B.Martin, B.Harvey.
England were two up in six minutes, but had to rely on a last-minute winner after Wales drew level.
- 5 March 1963 - England 4 England Youth 0 [3-0]
Plough Lane, Wimbledon (-) Hamm, Lawrence (3) NW
England: M.Pinner, P.Terry, M.Barker, R.Ardrey ͨ, R.Law, C.Townsend, M.Candey, B.Martin, T.Lawrence, G.Hamm, B.Harvey.
A morale-boosting victory against England's finest young professionals as part of the Football Association's centenary celebrations. This game was originally due to be played in January, but was postponed because of the severe wintry conditions that had engulfed the country.
Tommy Smith had been due to play for the youth side.
202 15 March 1963 - Scotland 2 England 4 [2-1]
Hampden Park, Glasgow (4,000) Burgess (2)
Lawrence (2), Harvey, Candey AW
England: M.Pinner, P.Terry, M.Barker, R.Ardrey ͨ, R.Law, B.King, M.Candey, B.Martin, T.Lawrence, G.Hamm, B.Harvey.
Another lively, high-scoring encounter played on a Friday night in an attempt to boost the attendance without competition from other, bigger sporting events. England won the 'Triple Crown' for the first time in twelve years, after Brian Harvey had scored direct from a corner kick and Mike Pinner had saved a penalty from Peter Buchanan with England leading 3-2 in the 88th minute. It was Scotland's last chance to force a draw to keep alive their chances of retaining the title. So, England won the 1962-63 British Amateur Championship with six points, the first team to win all three games in the competition. Northern Ireland were runners-up with four points.
- 7 May 1963 - Romford FC 0 England 2 [0-nk]
Brooklands Sports Ground, Romford (2,395) not known AW
England (according to match programme): M.Pinner, J.Martin, M.Barker, B.Ardrey ͨ, R.Law, B.King, M.Candey, B.Martin, T.Lawrence, H.Lindsay, B.Harvey.
A trial game against Southern League opposition a week before the Football Association's Centenary Amateur Tournament.
FA Centenary Amateur Tournament
203 15 May 1963 - England 3 France 1 [1-1]
Victoria Ground, Hartlepool (4,545) Lawrence, Harvey (2)
Lemerre
England: M.Pinner, J.Martin, M.Barker, R.Ardrey ͨ, R.Law, B.King, M.Candey, B.Martin, T.Lawrence, H.Lindsay, B.Harvey.
204 18 May 1963 - England 0 West Germany 1 [0-1]
Ayresome Park, Middlesbrough (1,758) Zettelmaier HL
Mike Pinner became the first player to win fifty amateur caps for England, but his team mates could not find a way past his opposite number, a 19-year-old, Sepp Maier, who went on to win 95 full international caps for West Germany, winning the World Cup in 1974.
205 20 May 1963 - England 3 Netherlands 1 [1-0]
Redheugh Park, Gateshead (1,765) Candey, Townsend, Lawrence
Strating HW
England: M.Pinner, J.Martin, W.Creasey, R.Ardrey ͨ, R.Law, J.Ashworth, M.Candey, H.Lindsay, G.Brown, C.Townsend, T.Lawrence.
England were runners-up in Group B with four points. West Germany qualified for the final with a maximum six points. Scotland won the tournament.
Olympic Trial
- 17 August 1963 -
Queen's Park Rangers FC 1
Great Britain 1 [1-1]
Loftus Road, Shepherd's Bush (-) Bedford
Townsend AD
GB (according to match programme): M.Pinner, J.Martin ͨ, R.Ardrey, J.Ashworth, R.Law, C.Townsend, M.Candey, B.Martin, T.Lawrence, H.Lindsay, B.Harvey
The England team kicked off the season as Great Britain in preparation for the upcoming Olympic qualifying competition.
x Ten English amateurs were selected to represent Great Britain in qualification for the XVIII Olympiad and played the following fixtures:
Olympic Qualification Preliminary Round
leg 7 September 1963 - Iceland 0 Great Britain 6 [0-4]
Laugardalsvöllur, Reykjavík (7,755) Harvey, B.Martin (2), Lindsay (2), Candey AW
GB: M.Pinner, J.Martin ͨ, Neil, J.Ashworth, R.Law, C.Townsend, M.Candey, B.Martin, T.Lawrence, H.Lindsay, B.Harvey.
Former England captain, Bobby Ardrey and uncapped goalkeeper, Malcolm Shaw were amongst the unused reserves.
leg 14 September 1963 - Great Britain 4 Iceland 0 [2-0]
Great Britain win 10-0 on aggregate
Plough Lane, Wimbledon (3,500) Lawrence (3 (1 pen)), Harvey HW
GB: M.Pinner, J.Martin ͨ, Neil, C.Townsend, R.Ardrey, J.Ashworth, M.Candey, B.Martin, T.Lawrence, H.Lindsay, B.Harvey.
Wimbledon striker, Brian Martin, playing on his home ground, was carried off with a broken right leg after ten minutes. Ten minutes later, the home side were reduced to nine men, when John Ashworth suffered a head wound, although he returned for the first twenty minutes of the second half, before retiring.
Two uncapped English players (Barry King and Shaw) were unused reserves, with substitutes not yet allowed.
206 28 September 1963 - Northern Ireland 2 England 1 [2-1]
The Oval, Belfast (2,000) O'Neill, Sloan
Gray AL
England: M.Pinner, J.Martin ͨ, R.Ardrey, C.Townsend, R.Law, J.Ashworth, M.Candey, K.Gray, T.Lawrence, H.Lindsay, B.Harvey.
Two goals in a minute in the first half put the hosts into a position that they would not relinquish, although Tommy Lawrence missed a second-half penalty. Record caps holder, Mike Pinner made his last international appearance before joining Leyton Orient as a semi-professional, two weeks later.
207 23 November 1963 - Wales 3 England 3 [1-3]
Farrar Road, Bangor (-) Casey, Reynolds (2 (1 pen))
Harvey, Lindsay, Gray AD
England: M.Shaw, J.Martin ͨ, R.Sleap, J.Ashworth, R.Law, C.Townsend, M.Candey, K.Gray, T.Lawrence, H.Lindsay, B.Harvey.
England failed to hold on to their half-time lead and their chances of retaining the British title, realistically, also disappeared. Only a four-way tie could possibly give them a share of the trophy.
Following England's poor start to their defence of the British Championship, only Harvey, Lindsay, Martin ͨ and Sleap were selected to start the Olympic trial match against Chelsea at Stamford Bridge, London on 16th December. Brian Harvey converted a penalty for Britain's first goal in a creditable 3-3 draw and Townsend came on as a late substitute. Stamford Bridge was the venue for Britain's next Olympic qualifier and they returned to face Chelsea again on 20th January, this time holding the First Division side to a 1-1 draw. Ashworth, Candey and Harvey were the only English players to start the game, but uncapped goalkeeper, Derek Griffin was a half-time substitute. A week later, they made a miraculous recovery to draw 2-2 with Aston Villa at Villa Park, Birmingham. Ashworth, D'Arcy (the former Great Britain captain), Harvey, Lawrence, Lindsay, Martin ͨ, Townsend and the uncapped Dave Emson started the game, with two more uncapped players (Roger Day for Lindsay and David Hogwood for Emson) coming on as substitutes at half-time. Tommy Lawrence scored both of Britain's goals in the last four minutes. The unbeaten run ended with a 4-0 defeat at Old Trafford, Manchester, on 3rd February, seven days later, as the former England amateur, David Sadler scored Manchester United's fourth goal. Ashworth, Candey, Griffin, Howard and Lindsay played the full game, whilst D'Arcy, Martin ͨ and Townsend only played for the first 45 minutes.
x Six English amateurs were selected to represent Great Britain in qualification for the XVIII Olympiad and played the following fixture:
Olympic Qualification First Round
leg 12 February 1964 - Great Britain 2 Greece 1 [2-0]
Stamford Bridge, Fulham (4,175) Lawrence, Buchanan
Papaioannou HW
GB: Kennedy, J.Martin ͨ, Neil, A.D'Arcy, J.Ashworth, C.Townsend, Campbell, Buchanan, T.Lawrence, Quail, B.Harvey.
Greek centre half, Zanteroglou broke his collarbone, with fifteen minutes left, leaving the under-23 side to hang on with ten men.
Griffin and Lindsay were amongst the unused reserves.
Great Britain played two more Olympic trial matches before the second leg with Greece. At White Hart Lane, London on 24th February, they lined up against Tottenham as; Griffin, Martin ͨ, Neil (Scotland), D'Arcy, Ashworth, Townsend, Worley, Lindsay, Lawrence, Quail (Northern Ireland), Harvey. They were narrowly beaten by a first-half penalty. Seven days later, on 2nd March, a brave performance saw them pull off a 1-0 victory at Highfield Road, Coventry, the home of the soon-to-be Third Division Champions. The uncapped Derek Gamblin joined Ashworth, D'Arcy, Harvey, Lawrence, Lindsay, Townsend and Worley in the starting line-up. Worley went off injured, ten minutes before the interval and then Lawrence suffered a fractured skull in a collision, as he headed the ball down to Quail to score the only goal. He was replaced by substitute goalkeeper, Griffin, who had to play up front for the last twenty minutes as Britain held on for the win.
208 20 March 1964 - England 1 Scotland 0 [0-0]
Selhurst Park, Croydon (5,078) Browning HW
England: D.Griffin, J.Martin ͨ, J.Robertson, A.D'Arcy, J.Ashworth, C.Townsend, L.Worley, H.Lindsay, M.Browning, K.Gray, B.Harvey.
England could no longer win the British Championship, following Northern Ireland's 2-2 draw with Scotland at Hampden Park, Glasgow, six weeks earlier, but Scotland could have clinched it with victory and with twelve minutes remaining, they had a golden opportunity when they were awarded a penalty. However, 19-year-old, Dave Millar stepped up and shot wide. A point would still have given them a share of the title, but this was denied them, when debutant, Mick Browning, who had replaced the injured Lawrence, scored in the last minute. So, Northern Ireland won the 1963-64 British Amateur Championship with four points, their first outright title success since 1954 and England were joint runners-up with Scotland, with three points each.
x Seven English amateurs were selected to represent Great Britain in qualification for the XVIII Olympiad and played the following fixture:
leg 8 April 1964 - Greece 4 Great Britain 1 [1-0]
Greece win 5-3 on aggregate
Georgios Karaiskakis Stadium, Athens (16,000) Mavridis, Papaioannou (2), Papazoglou (pen)
Buchanan AL
Skevofilax missed a first-half penalty for Greece
GB: Kennedy, J.Martin ͨ (D.Gamblin), J.Robertson, J.Ashworth, R.Law, C.Townsend, Campbell, H.Lindsay, Buchanan, Quail, B.Harvey.
Greece did not clinch victory until the last eight minutes, when they scored twice. Griffin was the substitute goalkeeper. Four days later, the Greek Olympic Committee withdrew their team from the competition, after it transpired that the side that had eliminated Great Britain (with five changes from the first leg) had included professional players. Great Britain declined to take the Greeks' place in the next round. Hungary won the gold medals.
Bobby Brown (who was now a professional), Jim Lewis and Hugh Lindsay played for a Football Association eleven against a touring New Zealand side at the County Ground, Northampton on 13th April, four days before the amateur team faced them. The home side won 4-0 and Lindsay scored a hat-trick.
209 16 April 1964 - England 4 New Zealand 1 [2-1]
Champion Hill, Dulwich (4,000) Townsend (pen), Ashworth, Harding, Browning
Ryan HabW
Match abandoned after 70 minutes, torrential rain.
England: D.Griffin, J.Martin ͨ, J.Robertson, E.Powell, R.Law, J.Ashworth, L.Worley, C.Townsend (L.Picking), M.Browning, A.Harding, P.Hodges.
International Amateur Tournament in Ligûria, Italy
- 24 May 1964 - England 4 Ligûria 2 [1-2]
Stadio Comunale Luigi Ferraris, Genova (3,000) Figg (2), Harding (2)
Monaci, Geliberti AW
England: D.Griffin (M.Kelly), J.Martin ͨ (M.Neale), D.Gamblin, L.Picking (B.King), A.D'Arcy, E.Powell, L.Worley (K.Gray), C.Townsend, R.Figg, A.Harding, P.Hodges.
England were due to play Greece in their opening match of Group A, but after pulling out of the Olympic qualifying competition, the Greeks were still unable to field an amateur team, so a local selection was drafted in at the last minute to take their place as Italy 'B'; Italy 'A' being in the other group. England brought on four substitutes for the second half and their superior fitness told in the end.
Stadio Sen. Eugenio Broccardi, Genova (-) Figg (2), Townsend (pen)
Blanchet (2), Couécou (2) NL
England: D.Griffin, J.Martin ͨ, D.Gamblin, B.King, A.D'Arcy (L.Picking), E.Powell, L.Worley, C.Townsend, R.Figg, A.Harding, P.Hodges.
Stadio Comunale Felice Borel, Finale Ligûre (-) Honig NL
England: M.Kelly, J.Martin ͨ (M.Neale), D.Gamblin, B.King, E.Powell, L.Picking, K.Gray, C.Townsend, R.Figg, A.Harding, P.Hodges.
The only goal of their third and final fixture put England out of the tournament and the Germans through to the final, narrowly ahead of France on goal average, with both on five points. England finished third in Group A with two points. West Germany drew the final with Spain, but won the trophy on the toss of a coin.
Brooklands Stadium, Romford (3,800) Figg, Townsend
Warburton HW
England: J.Swannell, R.Sleap, I.Reid, R.Thursby ͨ, J.Robertson, C.Townsend, M.Candey, H.Lindsay, R.Figg, W.Roughley, M.Mahon.
In their first defence of the title, Northern Ireland threatened to beat England again, but Charlie Townsend settled the match with only two minutes remaining.
Gay Meadow, Shrewsbury (2,500) Hyde (4), Mahon, Figg, Harvey HW
England: J.Swannell, D.Gamblin, I.Reid, R.Thursby ͨ, J.Robertson, C.Townsend, B.Harvey, H.Lindsay, R.Figg, D.Hyde, M.Mahon.
A spectacular goalscoring debut from David Hyde, who scored a first-half hat-trick and a fourth in the second half, as England laid down a strong claim to regaining the British Championship.
214 27 February 1965 - Republic of Ireland 2 England 3 [1-1]
Dalymount Park, Dublin (2,300) Kavanagh, Doyle
Figg (2), Harvey AW
England: J.Swannell, D.Gamblin, I.Reid, R.Thursby ͨ, J.Robertson, C.Townsend, T.Howard, K.Gray, R.Figg, D.Hyde, B.Harvey.
England came from behind to score the winner, through Roger Figg, three minutes from the end.
- 8 March 1965 -
Tottenham Hotspur FC 4 England 0 [2-0]
White Hart Lane, Tottenham (3,000) Johnson (2), Low, Norman AL
England: J.Swannell, D.Gamblin, I.Reid, R.Thursby ͨ, J.Robertson, C.Townsend, T.Howard, K.Gray (L.Eason), R.Figg, D.Hyde, E.Turley.
Tottenham fielded three of the 'double-winning' side of four years earlier, including Maurice Norman, and also included future England cap, Keith Weller and Northern Ireland goalkeeper, Pat Jennings.
20 March 1965 - Scotland 2 England 1 [0-0]
Pittodrie, Aberdeen (-) Ford (2)
Hyde AL
England: J.Swannell, J.Harding, I.Reid, R.Thursby ͨ, J.Robertson, C.Townsend, T.Howard, L.Eason, R.Figg, D.Hyde, M.Mahon.
The fixture was switched back to a Saturday and pitted England, needing only a point to win the title, against ten members of Queen's Park, plus Donald Ford of Hearts. David Hyde's goal looked to have clinched the trophy, but Scotland fought back and it was Ford who scored twice to win the points, leaving the Scots needing a victory in their last match to be outright champions. As it turned out, they could only draw against Northern Ireland, at the Showgrounds, Ballymena, two weeks later, and so England jointly won the 1964-65 British Amateur Championship, with Scotland, with four points each, though England had the better goal average. Ford went on to play for Scotland at full international level and was a member of the 1974 World Cup squad. This was Scotland's last victory against England at amateur level.
216 16 May 1965 - France 1 England 0 [1-0]
Parc des Sports, Annecy (5,537) Grizzetti (pen) AL
England: J.Swannell, D.Gamblin, J.Harding, R.Thursby ͨ, A.D'Arcy, C.Townsend, T.Howard, H.Lindsay, R.Figg, D.Hyde, B.Harvey.
Hugh Lindsay and Bob Thursby, plus David Sadler (who was now a professional) were selected by Alf Ramsey for a Football Association squad to visit Gibraltar, the following week
Charlie Hughes
Trial Matches
- 6 September 1965 - Chelsea FC 3 England 0 [3-0]
Stamford Bridge, Fulham (-) Smart, Osgood (2) AL
England: J.Swannell (B.Wakefield), D.Hogwood, I.Reid, R.Thursby ͨ, A.D'Arcy, C.Townsend (G.Ramshaw), T.Harmer, R.Day, K.Gray, A.Harding, T.Howard.
Peter Osgood broke the amateurs' resistance by scoring twice before half-time. Due to injuries, Chelsea youth coach, Tommy Harmer, a former England B international, played for the trialists as a guest.
- 13 September 1965 - Hendon FC 3 England 2 [1-2]
Claremont Road, Cricklewood (-) Mills (3)
Harding, Lindsay AL
England: J.Swannell, D.Hogwood, I.Reid, A.Kennerley, A.D'Arcy ͨ, C.Townsend, (unknown), H.Lindsay, R.Figg, A.Harding, A.Turley.
A competitive match, with the FA Amateur Cup holders also providing players in contention for the national team. With Hendon's goalkeeper, John Swannell playing for England, Brian Wakefield guested in goal for Hendon. David Hyde also played for Hendon and earned himself a place in the England side, twelve days later.
25 September 1965 - Northern Ireland 0 England 2 [0-1]
The Showgrounds, Ballymena (-) Harvey, Hyde AW
England: J.Swannell, D.Gamblin, J.Robertson, E.Powell, A.D'Arcy ͨ, C.Townsend, D.Hyde, H.Lindsay, R.Figg, A.Harding, B.Harvey.
Roger Figg and Charlie Townsend played for a Football Association team that won 10-0 in Jersey on 6th October, with both scoring.
- 18 October 1965 -
Wycombe Wanderers 0 England 0 [0-0]
Loakes Park, High Wycombe (-) AD
England: J.Swannell, D.Gamblin, J.Robertson, E.Powell, A.D'Arcy ͨ, R.Cantwell (C.Townsend), B.Bates, L.Pritchard (H.Lindsay), R.Figg, A. Harding, T.Howard.
The first of five more trial games before the end of the year to give manager, Charlie Hughes the chance to see as many players as possible prior to the European Championship qualifiers, the following year. Paul Bates and Len Worley played for Wycombe, but neither played for England again.
- 1 November 1965 - Watford FC 3 England 1 [1-0]
Vicarage Road, Watford (2,600) Bond, Brace, Harris
England: J.Swannell, D.Gamblin, J.Robertson (J.Ritchie), R.Cantwell, A.D'Arcy ͨ (R.Thursby), C.Townsend, L.Churchill (A. Harding), J.Goodfellow, D.Hyde, P.Phillips, B.Harvey.
In the Watford side was Dave Bassett, who never made a league appearance for them, but featured in England's next trial match and eventually won his first cap, five years later, before going on to take Wimbledon from the Fourth to the First Division in four seasons, as manager.
- 8 November 1965 - Enfield FC 0 England 1 [0-0]
Southbury Road, Enfield (-) Goodfellow AW
England: J.Swannell, D.Gamblin, J.Ritchie, A.D'Arcy, R.Thursby ͨ, C.Townsend, D.Bassett, J.Goodfellow, W.Wright, H.Lindsay, B.Harvey.
Roger Day was in the Enfield side, still waiting for the first of his 48 caps.
20 November 1965 - Wales 1 England 2 [0-2]
Park Avenue, Aberystwyth (-) Evans
Harvey, Lindsay AW
England: J.Swannell, D.Gamblin, J.Ritchie, R.Thursby ͨ, A.D'Arcy, E.Powell, D.Hyde, K.Gray, R.Figg, H.Lindsay, B.Harvey.
- 29 November 1965 -
Kingstonian FC 1 England 5 [1-2]
Richmond Road, Kingston upon Thames (-) Haider
Hyde, Churchill (pen), Adams (3) AW
England: D.Shewring, D.Gamblin, I.Reid, E.Powell, J.Robertson ͨ, C.Townsend, L.Churchill, D.Hyde, J.Adams, A.Horseman, D.Armstrong.
Brian Wakefield, a member of the 1960 Olympic squad, but who was destined never to play for England, kept goal for Kingstonian, whilst their goal was scored by Rod Haider, who went on to win more England amateur caps than any other player (65).
- 6 December 1965 -
Isthmian & Athenian Leagues 3
England 6 [1-3]
Stompond Lane Sports Ground, Walton-on-Thames (-) Day (2), Diwell
Hyde, Eason (2), Harvey, Adams (2) NW
England: J.Swannell (A.Mackie), D.Gamblin, J.Robertson, E.Powell, A.D'Arcy ͨ, R.Haider, L.Eason, D.Hyde, T.Bladon, J.Adams, B.Harvey.
England ended the year with another high-scoring performance, with Charlie Hughes having assessed almost forty players in the seven trial matches.
- 10 January 1966 -
Sutton United FC 0 England 2 [0-0]
Gander Green Lane, Sutton (-) Haider, Churchill AW
England: J.Swannell, D.Gamblin, J.Robertson, E.Powell, A.D'Arcy ͨ, R.Haider, L.Churchill, H.Lindsay, J.Adams, L.Eason (C.Townsend), T.Howard.
Four future England internationals (including Larry Pritchard, who went on to win 48 caps) were in the Sutton team.
Southern Counties 2 England 3 [0-2]
Loakes Park, High Wycombe (-) Bates, Howard
Clements, Lindsay, not known NW
England: J.Swannell, D.Gamblin, B.Moffatt, E.Powell, J.Robertson ͨ, R.Haider (C.Townsend), P.Clements, T.Bladon, J.Adams, H.Lindsay, A.Brimacombe.
A second visit of the season to Wycombe and another tough game for England against four former internationals. Wakefield was again in goal against them.
- 14 February 1966 -
Leytonstone FC 1 England 4 [1-1]
Granleigh Road, Leytonstone (-) Stone
Lindsay, Eason, Adams, Clements AW
England: J.Swannell, J.Durham, I.Reid, C.Townsend, A.D'Arcy ͨ, R.Haider, P.Clements, L.Eason, J.Adams, H.Lindsay, B.Harvey.
Leytonstone, who went on to win the Isthmian League Championship, fielded four future England internationals and scored first, but they were up against a confident England team that was thriving on their regular diet of trial matches.
- 28 February 1966 - Fulham FC 1 England 1 [0-0]
Craven Cottage, Fulham (-) Marsh
Eason AD
England: J.Swannell, D.Gamblin, I.Reid, C.Townsend, A.D'Arcy ͨ, R.Haider, P.Clements, L.Eason, J.Adams, H.Lindsay, B.Harvey.
England now showed that they could hold their own against a First Division side containing the former Tottenham Hotspur league and FA Cup 'double' winner, Terry Dyson, with the talented 21-year-old Rodney Marsh, who went on to win nine full England caps, giving Fulham the lead. The hosts made multiple substitutions during the game.
11 March 1966 - England 4 Republic of Ireland 0 [0-0]
Griffin Park, Brentford (3,108) Adams, Clements, Eason (pen), Harvey HW
- 15 March 1966 -
Tooting and Mitcham United FC 2
Sandy Lane, Mitcham (-) Green, O'Connell
Clements, Kennerley (2), Bladon AW
England: D.Shewring, I.Reid, J.Robertson ͨ, A.Kennerley, D.Gradi, R.Haider, P.Clements, L.Eason, K.Gray, T.Bladon, M.Mellows.
England had to come back from going behind to the Isthmian League side just after half-time.
Roots Hall, Southend-on-Sea (4,926) Eason, Townsend, Lindsay
Ford (2), Mackay HD
England: J.Swannell, D.Gamblin, J.Robertson, C.Townsend, A.D'Arcy ͨ, R.Haider, P.Clements, L.Eason, J.Adams, H.Lindsay, B.Harvey.
Yet another dramatic end to the Championship. England were already assured of retaining the title, following Scotland's defeat to Northern Ireland at Rugby Park, Kilmarnock, two weeks earlier, but it looked as if the Scots were also going to retain their share of the trophy, when they led 3-1, with only four minutes left. Two long-range efforts from two of England's most experienced players miraculously salvaged a draw and with it, the title outright. England won the 1965-66 British Amateur Championship with five points. Scotland and Northern Ireland were joint runners-up with three points each. Some reports credit Scotland's second goal to Ingram (instead of Mackay) and their third goal to Campbell (instead of Ford).
- 4 April 1966 -
Northern & Wearside Leagues 3
Feethams, Darlington (-) Winskill, McClelland, Connor
P.Clements, Pailing NL
England: I.Wolstenholme, A.Kennerley, A.Knox, C.Townsend, J.Ashworth, R.Haider, T.Clements, P.Clements, J.Mason, K.Storey, V.Pailing.
An experimental England team, with only four internationals, led twice, but eventually fell to a last-minute winner. Bob Thursby had begun the season as England's captain, and now helped to defeat them, though his international career was over. Charlie Hughes had assessed 52 players over the course of 17 matches during the season.
1966-67 UEFA Amateur Cup (Qualifying Group Three)
221 21 May 1966 - Netherlands 0 England 0 [0-0]
De Adelaarshorst, Deventer (911) AD
England: J.Swannell, J.Robertson, A.D'Arcy ͨ, E.Powell, C.Townsend, R.Haider, B.Harvey, K.Gray, J.Mason, H.Lindsay.
Stamford Bridge, Fulham (-) Purcell, Wosahlo
Clements AL
England: J.Swannell, I.Reid (D.Gamblin), A.Knox (J.Cocking), E.Powell, J.Robertson ͨ, R.Haider, K.Gray, H.Lindsay, J.Adams, P.Clements (P.Diwell), B.Harvey.
England began the season impressively by taking the lead against the First Division high-flyers, who brought on their manager, ex-Scotland international, Tommy Docherty for the second half.
- 12 September 1966 - Watford FC 4 England 1 [2-0]
Vicarage Road, Watford (1,070) Scullion, Garbett (2), Campbell
Lindsay AL
England: J.Swannell (A.Mackie), D.Gamblin, A.Knox, A.D'Arcy ͨ, E.Powell, J.Robertson, R.Haider, L.Eason, H.Lindsay, P.Clements, B.Harvey.
England were facing the same Watford team that had won at Swindon, in the Third Division, two days earlier. Ten years later, Stewart Scullion scored against a full England side in the American Bicentennial Tournament.
Vicarage Road, Watford (2,654) Gray, Harvey HW
England: J.Swannell, D.Gamblin, A.Knox, A.D'Arcy ͨ, J.Robertson, R.Haider, A.Turley, L.Eason, K.Gray, H.Lindsay, B.Harvey.
223 1 October 1966 - Austria 3 England 0 [2-0]
Lehen Stadion, Salzburg (2,932) Leitner (2), Jaros AL
England: J.Swannell, D.Gamblin, A.Knox, A.D'Arcy ͨ, J.Robertson, R.Haider, P.Clements, L.Eason, K.Gray, A.Turley, B.Harvey.
England crashed out of their very first European campaign, as Austria clinched a semi-final place, with Les Eason missing a penalty, ten minutes into the second half.
224 26 October 1966 - England 2 Austria 0 [0-0]
Claremont Road, Cricklewood (2,333) D'Arcy, Eason HW
England: J.Swannell, D.Gamblin, I.Reid, A.D'Arcy ͨ, J.Robertson, R.Haider, L.Eason, C.Townsend, K.Gray, L.Pritchard, B.Harvey.
England gained some revenge for their defeat in Vienna, but it was too late.
225 19 November 1966 - England 1 Netherlands 0 [1-0]
Champion Hill, Dulwich (1,638) Powell HW
England: J.Swannell, D.Gamblin, I.Reid, E.Powell, J.Robertson ͨ, R.Haider, L.Eason, C.Townsend, K.Gray, L.Pritchard, B.Harvey.
Brian Harvey missed a penalty for England, their second spot-kick failure of the competition, with six minutes remaining, as England finished runners-up in Group Three with five points. Austria qualified for the semi-finals with six points and went on to win the Championship.
226 3 December 1966 - England 4 Wales 1 [2-0]
Richmond Road, Kingston upon Thames (2,188) Powell, Townsend, Diwell, Haider
Williams HW
England: J.Swannell, D.Gamblin, B.Moffatt, E.Powell, J.Robertson ͨ, R.Haider, C.Townsend, K.Gray, P.Diwell, D.Andrews, H.Lindsay.
- 13 February 1967 - Brentford FC 2 England 2 [2-0]
Griffin Park, Brentford (-) Ross, Lawther
Pritchard, Andrews AD
England: J.Shippey, D.Hogwood, B.Moffatt, A.D'Arcy ͨ, D.Gradi, R.Haider, C.Townsend, K.Gray, L.Pritchard, D.Andrews, R.Sleap.
A strong second-half recovery by England against the Fourth Division side.
227 11 March 1967 - Republic of Ireland 0 England 2 [0-1]
Dalymount Park, Dublin (-) Pritchard, Gray AW
England: D.Shewring, D.Hogwood, A.D'Arcy ͨ, J.Robertson, B.Moffatt, D.Andrews, R.Sleap, C.Townsend, R.Haider, K.Gray, L.Pritchard.
Tannadice Park, Dundee (800) Mackay (2)
Gray, Haider AD
England: J.Swannell, D.Gamblin, A.D'Arcy ͨ, D.Gradi, B.Moffatt, D.Andrews, R.Sleap, C.Townsend, R.Haider, K.Gray, L.Pritchard.
England won the 1966-67 British Amateur Championship with five points. It was their third successive title. Scotland were runners-up with four points. Dario Gradi won his only cap in front of a disappointing attendance, but went on to forge an influential 24-year management stint with Crewe Alexandra, launching the careers of several future internationals.
Spartan League Diamond Jubilee Match
- 10 May 1967 - Spartan League 1 England 1 [nk]
Beveree Station Road, Hampton (-) not known AD
The London-based league celebrated its sixtieth anniversary with a representative match against England's finest amateurs. Hampton had just completed a hat-trick of Spartan League Championship titles.
A planned tour in August became a British Olympic tour with the addition of six Scottish players. Two days before leaving for Sweden, on 4th August, the following team started a goalless draw at Hampden Park, Glasgow against Queen's Park as part of the Scottish Second Division amateur club's centenary celebrations; Swannell, Patterson (Northern Ireland), Powell ͨ, Robertson, Reid, Andrews, Sleap, Townsend, Haider, Guy (Northern Ireland), Pritchard. Four days later, with Scottish players added to the team and the two Irishmen withdrawn, the tourists beat the Swedish Under-23 side in Gothenburg, Larry Pritchard scoring the only goal, ten minutes from the end. The English players were Gamblin, Powell ͨ, Pritchard, Reid, Robertson, Sleap and Swannell. This was followed by a 2-0 win against the Republic of Ireland at Dalymount Park, Dublin on 11th August. Andrews, Gamblin, Haider, Powell ͨ, Pritchard, Reid, Sleap and Townsend (who scored both goals) all played. The tour ended with a 3-0 victory against Iceland, in Reykjavik, three days later, with Rod Haider scoring and Gamblin, Powell ͨ, Reid and Swannell also in the side. On returning home, they played two further games against London opposition. On 4th September, a goal from Ken Gray defeated Chelsea at Stamford Bridge, London. The British team was; Swannell, Gamblin, Powell ͨ, Robertson, Reid, Sleap, Payne, Hay (Scotland), Pritchard, Gray, Hill. Ray Hill and John Payne were uncapped. Seven days later, on 11th September, Gray scored an equaliser as the Olympic trialists earned a 1-1 draw at The Valley, London, against Second Division, Charlton Athletic. Gamblin, Gray, Hill, Payne, Powell ͨ, Pritchard, Reid and Sleap all started the game, with Andrews and Haider coming on at half-time (Andrews replacing Sleap).
The Showgrounds, Ballymena (-) Pritchard AW
England: J.Swannell, D.Gamblin, E.Powell ͨ, J.Robertson, I.Reid, R.Haider, J.Payne, P.Deadman, L.Pritchard, K.Gray, H.Lindsay.
Gamblin, Gray, Payne, Powell ͨ, Pritchard, Robertson, Sleap and Swannell all started the Olympic side's next match, a 4-0 defeat to European Champions, Celtic at Lesser Hampden, Glasgow on 9th October. Robertson only played the first half, and Andrews and Townsend were half-time substitutes. Seven days later, the side went down 3-2 at Vicarage Road, to Third Division, Watford, despite taking a two-goal lead in the first ten minutes of the second half. The Olympic team lined up at the start as follows: Swannell, Gamblin, Powell ͨ, Robertson, Deadman, Hogwood, Sleap, Hay (Scotland), Haider, Mackay (Scotland), Pritchard. Britain made five changes at half-time. Swannell was replaced in goal, whilst Andrews and Townsend, just as they had been against Celtic, the week before, came on, and it was Dave Andrews that scored the opening goal.
x The England team represented Great Britain in qualification for the XIX Olympiad and played the following fixtures:
Olympic Qualification Second Round
leg 25 October 1967 -
West Germany 0 Great Britain 2 [0-1]
Rosenaustadion, Augsburg (8,000) Hogwood, Pritchard AW
GB: J.Swannell, D.Gamblin, E.Powell ͨ, J.Robertson, D.Hogwood, D.Andrews, R.Sleap, C.Townsend, R.Haider, L.Pritchard, K.Gray.
The refusal of Queen's Park to release three players before their Saturday fixture, caused Charlie Hughes to ignore them for the qualifier and it was England who went to Germany and won, despite only having ten fit outfield players. As it turned out, the Germans ended up with only eight fit outfield players, after Bergfelder went off with concussion when they had already used their substitute and one of their strikers, Faltermeier played on with a leg injury. The visitors even missed a penalty in the 73rd minute, when Schulte saved from Dave Andrews, three minutes before Larry Pritchard's clincher. Britain's unused substitutes were Deadman, who was carrying an ankle injury and uncapped goalkeeper, John Shippey. England had never beaten the Germans at amateur level.
leg 8 November 1967 -
Great Britain 0 West Germany 1 [0-1]
Great Britain win 2-1 on aggregate
Claremont Road, Hendon (4,002) Keifler HL
GB: J.Swannell, D.Gamblin, E.Powell ͨ, J.Robertson, D.Hogwood, D.Andrews, R.Haider, R.Sleap, C.Townsend, K.Gray, A.Horseman (P.Deadman).
Hughes again left out the Scots, and opted for an Isthmian League eleven that just had enough to hold on to the first-leg lead against a team led by Udo Lattek, who went on to become the only coach to win each of the three major European trophies with a different club. Shippey was, again, the goalkeeping substitute. Tony Horseman was replaced at half-time and never played for England.
Y Traeth, Porthmadoc (2,000) McCarter AL
England: J.Swannell, D.Gamblin, E.Powell ͨ, J.Robertson, D.Hogwood, D.Andrews, J.Payne, P.Deadman, J.Unsworth, L.Pritchard, K.Gray.
After Charlie Hughes had not selected any Welsh players for the Great Britain side, Wales achieved a first victory against England since 1956, but it was to be their last against them at amateur level.
x The England team played the following friendly fixture as Great Britain before the next round of Olympic qualification fixtures:
Olympic Friendly
Oxford United FC 1 Great Britain 0 [0-0]
Manor Ground, Headington (-) G.Atkinson AL
GB: J.Shippey, J.Robertson ͨ, H.Moxon, D.Moore, M.Hughes, D.Andrews, P.Deadman, D.Gradi, L.Pritchard, P.Greene, A.Gowling.
Another all-English side, with several newcomers, fell to a brilliant solo effort from Graham, the lesser-known of the Atkinson brothers. His elder sibling, 'Big Ron' (who was also in the side) captained the club to the Third Division Championship that season and went on to manage multiple cup-winning teams at Manchester United, Sheffield Wednesday and Aston Villa. Powell and Rundle were Great Britain's substitutes.
Two weeks later, on 12th February, Ken Gray's goal just after half-time was enough to defeat Watford at Vicarage Road in a team that included three Scottish players. The English amateurs were uncapped goalkeeper, Terry Crosbie, Gowling, Gray, Moore, Moxon, Pritchard, Reid and Sleap ͨ. Another sterling performance, against Charlton Athletic at The Valley, London, after a further two weeks, on 26th February, saw the Olympic trialists narrowly lose 3-2. Peter Greene scored twice in the first half. The side was: Swannell, Robertson, Moore, Moxon, Gradi, Haider, Cumming (Scotland), Gowling, Greene, Sleap ͨ, Pritchard. The uncapped Bobby Wilson was a first-half substitute for Gowling. On 8th March, a confident British team beat the Republic of Ireland, 6-0 at Vicarage Road. Greene and Pritchard both scored hat-tricks and the team lined up as: Shippey, Robertson, Powell ͨ, Moxon, Reid, Andrews, Sleap, Cumming (Scotland), Townsend, Greene, Pritchard. Deadman for Andrews and Haider for Townsend were second-half substitutes. The final trial before the Olympic qualifiers resulted in an emphatic 3-0 win against Arsenal, at Highbury, London on 18th March. Greene again scored twice and the third was an own goal. The British team was: Swannell, Robertson, Powell ͨ, Moxon, Reid, Hay (Scotland), Sleap, Cumming (Scotland), Pritchard, Greene, Gowling. Half-time substitutes were Haider for Cumming and Gray for Gowling.
x Nine English amateurs were selected to represent Great Britain in qualification for the XIX Olympiad and played the following fixture:
Olympic Qualification Third Round
leg 27 March 1968 - Spain 1 Great Britain 0 [1-0]
Estadi de la Nova Creu Alta, Sabadell (20,000) Ortega AL
George Cumming
GB: J.Swannell, J.Robertson, E.Powell ͨ, H.Moxon, I.Reid, Hay, R.Sleap, Cumming, L.Pritchard, A.Gowling, P.Greene.
Cumming was sent off in the 63rd minute in a physical game settled by a seventh-minute winner.
The other five members of the squad were Andrews, Gray, Haider, Shippey and Townsend.
231 5 April 1968 - England 0 Scotland 0 [0-0]
White City Stadium, Shepherd's Bush (1,212) HD
England: J.Swannell, J.Robertson, I.Reid, E.Powell ͨ, H.Moxon, R.Haider, R.Sleap, D.Andrews, K.Gray, R.Townsend, P.Greene.
England returned to the scene of the 1908 Olympic triumph, and also where the second leg with Spain was to be played, five nights later, but it was a dismal spectacle in front of a sparse crowd and resulted in England relinquishing their grip on the British title after three years. They were held by ten members of the Queen's Park side, plus Cumming, leaving Northern Ireland and Wales to battle for the Championship, at Shamrock Park, Portadown, the following month. Wales were to win by a single goal and became outright champions for the first and only time, with five points.
England were runners-up in the 1967-68 British Amateur Championship with three points, having only scored one goal in the three games.
leg 10 April 1968 - Great Britain 0 Spain 0 [0-0]
Spain win 1-0 on aggregate
GB: J.Swannell, J.Robertson, E.Powell ͨ, H.Moxon, I.Reid, Hay, R.Sleap, Cumming, R.Haider, A.Gowling, K.Gray.
Charlie Hughes' attempts to turn England into a counter-attacking 'continental-style' team backfired when they needed to break down a Spanish side with those very qualities. Another disappointing goalless draw saw Britain fall at the final hurdle. Andrews, Deadman, Greene, Moore, Pritchard (who failed a late fitness test), Shippey and Townsend were also in the squad. Hungary won the gold medals. Alan Gowling won his second British cap, but never played for England. His second appearance for Manchester United had kept him out of the Scotland game and he signed professional forms for United, five months later, before going on to win an England Under-23 cap and scoring for Newcastle United in the 1976 Football League Cup Final.
232 23 May 1968 - England 0 Italy 0 [0-0]
Southbury Road, Enfield (2,906) HD
England: J.Shippey, L.Tilley, E.Powell ͨ, J.D.Robertson, I.Reid, R.Sleap, H.Moxon, P.Deadman, K.Gray, LPritchard, M.Worswick.
Despite only conceding one goal in six games, England (and Great Britain) ended the season with no reward for their efforts after a sixth successive international without scoring.
The Valley, Charlton (2,682) Haider (2), Day, Phillips, Pritchard HW
England: J.Shippey, D.Hogwood, E.Powell ͨ, J.Robertson, I.Reid, A.D'Arcy, R.Haider, R.Day, P.Phillips, A.Harding, L.Pritchard.
Following a season of disappointment both at home and abroad, England set about restoring their reputation with the sole purpose of regaining the British Championship. Rod Haider scored the first goal direct from a corner, Northern Ireland changed goalkeepers at half-time and Des Cathcart missed a second-half penalty for them.
234 9 November 1968 - England 1 Wales 1 [nk]
Vicarage Road, Watford (1,752) Harding
W.Williams HD
England: J.Shippey, D.Hogwood, E.Powell ͨ, J.D.Robertson, I.Reid, A.D'Arcy, R.Haider, R.Day, A.Harding, K.Gray, L.Pritchard.
England failed to beat the defending British Champions, but still had eyes on regaining the title.
235 14 November 1968 - Bahrain 0 England 4 [0-2]
Isa Town Stadium (11,000) Harding (2), Pritchard, Haider AW
England: J.Swannell, L.Tilley, H.Moxon ͨ, J.Robertson, I.Reid, P.Deadman, R.Haider, R.Day, J.Adams, A.Harding, L.Pritchard.
The Football Association were invited to send a team to take on Bahrain which was then a protectorate of the United Kingdom, to open a new stadium in a new town. So, in the middle of November, the amateur squad made their first trip to Asia and beat the national team on a sandy pitch on an island in the Middle East.
236 8 March 1969 - Republic of Ireland 1 England 1 [nk]
Dalymount Park, Dublin (-) Shortt
Harding AD
England: J.Swannell, L.Tilley, D.Moore, B.Moffatt, J.Robertson ͨ, R.Haider, L.Pritchard, J.Adams, A.Harding, M.Burns, A.Windsor.
Celtic Park, Glasgow (-) Whitehead
Pritchard (2), Haider, Mellows, Day AW
England: J.Swannell, L.Tilley, H.Moxon ͨ, D.Moore, I.Reid, P.Deadman, R.Haider, R.Day, L.Pritchard, K.Gray, M.Mellows.
England's biggest ever win in Scotland won them the 1968-69 British Amateur Championship with five points. Wales were runners-up with four points, after failing to beat Scotland in the last match of the championship, at the Racecourse Ground, Wrexham, the following week. A win would have meant them retaining the title by sharing it with England.
238 1 May 1969 - Italy 0 England 0 [0-0]
Stadio Comunale, Montecatini Terme (-) AD
England: J.Swannell, L.Tilley, H.Moxon ͨ, D.Moore, I.Reid, P.Deadman (P.Fry), R.Haider, R.Day, L.Pritchard, K.Gray, P.Phillips (R.Page).
Tour of Caribbean
239 20 July 1969 - Bahamas 0 England 4 [0-2]
Queen Elizabeth Sports Centre, Nassau (3,000) Moore, Deadman, Mellows, Bladon AW
England: J.Swannell, L.Tilley, D.Moore, P.Fry, I.Reid ͨ, P.Deadman, R.Day, R.Haider, R.Page (T.Bladon), K.Gray, M.Mellows.
240 23 July 1969 - Trinidad and Tobago 0 England 0 [0-0]
Queen's Park Oval, Port of Spain (8,000) AD
England: J.Swannell, L.Tilley, D.Moore, P.Fry, I.Reid ͨ, P.Deadman, R.Day, R.Haider, T.Bladon, K.Jelly (R.Page), M.Mellows.
Skinner Park, San Fernando (-) Day (2), Gray AW
England: J.Swannell, L.Tilley, H.Moxon, I.Reid ͨ, D.Moore, P.Fry, P.Deadman (T.Bladon), R.Day, R.Haider, R.Page, K.Gray, M.Mellows.
242 29 July 1969 - Guyana 0 England 8 [0-2]
Georgetown Cricket Club, Georgetown (-) Bladon, Mellows (3), Gamblin, Haider, Gray (2) AW
England: J.Swannell, H.Moxon, D.Gamblin, D.Moore, I.Reid ͨ, P.Fry, L.Tilley, T.Bladon, R.Haider, K.Gray, M.Mellows.
Georgetown Cricket Club, Georgetown (-) Haider (2), Gray (2), Page (3), Mellows AW
England: T.Crosbie, L.Tilley, H.Moxon, D.Moore, I.Reid ͨ, P.Fry, T.Bladon (R.Page), R.Day, R.Haider, K.Gray, M.Mellows.
244 2 August 1969 - Netherlands Antilles 0 England 2 [0-nk]
Stadion Ergilio Hato, Willemstad (-) Gray, Mellows AW
England: J.Swannell, L.Tilley, H.Moxon, D.Moore, I.Reid ͨ, P.Fry (D.Gamblin), R.Page, R.Day, R.Haider, K.Gray, M.Mellows.
Maidenhead United Football Club Centenary Match
- 9 September 1969 -
Maidenhead United 2 England 1 [nk]
York Road, Maidenhead (-) not known AL
A fine celebration for the Athenian League club on, what is now, the oldest senior football ground continuously used by the same club.
245 27 September 1969 - Northern Ireland 1 England 4 [nk]
Shamrock Park, Portadown (-) Mulgrew
Day, Pritchard, Gray, Mellows AW
George Crothers
England: J.Swannell, D.Hogwood, H.Moxon ͨ (J.Delaney), D.Moore, I.Reid, P.Fry, R.Day, R.Haider, L.Pritchard, K.Gray, M.Mellows.
1969-70 UEFA Amateur Cup: Qualifying Group Two
246 8 October 1969 - England 1 France 2 [0-1]
Southbury Road, Enfield (2,736) Moore
Kohler, Vacher HL
England: J.Swannell, D.Hogwood, H.Moxon, D.Moore, I.Reid ͨ, P.Fry (T.Bladon), R.Day, R.Haider, L.Pritchard, M.Mellows, K.Gray.
Lancashire and Cheshire Amateur League Diamond Jubilee Match
- 9 October 1969 -
Lancashire & Cheshire Amateur League 0
Edgeley Park, Stockport (-) Slane, Monkhouse, Clements AW
England: E.Hulme, R.Tookey, J.Turner, D.Tysick, C.Richardson, A.Wegg, T.Monkhouse, P.Clements, H.Hunt, M.Slane, D.Rutherford.
With England having played the night before, it was, effectively, a second-choice trial team that honoured a commitment to celebrate the sixtieth anniversary of a truly amateur league. Only three of the England side (Clements, Rutherford and Turner) went on to appear in amateur internationals, though Clements had already been capped, three years earlier.
247 22 October 1969 - England 1 Spain 2 [0-0]
Champion Hill, Dulwich (2,880) Day
E.Castro, Ortuno HL
England: J.Swannell, L.Tilley, D.Moore, J.Payne, I.Reid ͨ, P.Deadman, R.Day, R.Haider, L.Pritchard, K.Gray, M.Mellows (J.Adams).
248 20 November 1969 - Spain 2 England 0 [2-0]
Estadio Heliodoro Rodríguez López, Santa Cruz de Tenerife (12,597) Garzon, Quini AL
England: T.Crosbie, L.Tilley, D.Moore, J.Payne, P.Fry, P.Deadman, R.Day, R.Haider ͨ, P.Feely, J.Adams, M.Mellows.
Spain qualified for the semi-finals by winning Group Two with seven points and went on to win the Championship. This result condemned England to the wooden spoon.
249 29 November 1969 - Wales 0 England 1 [0-nk]
Ninian Park Stadium, Cardiff (1,000) Pritchard AW
England: T.Crosbie, L.Tilley, J.Delaney, J.Payne, I.Reid ͨ, D.Moore, P.Suddaby, R.Day, R.Haider, L.Pritchard, M.Mellows.
250 2 February 1970 - England 1 Iceland 0 [0-0]
The Dolphin Stadium, Slough (3,034) Gray HW
England: J.Swannell, I.Reid, P.Suddaby, E.Powell ͨ (M.Doyle), P.Fry, P.Deadman, R.Day (J.Payne), R.Haider, L.Pritchard, K.Gray, M.Mellows.
251 28 February 1970 - England 3 Republic of Ireland 1 [nk]
Loakes Park, High Wycombe (2,816) Pritchard, Gray, Day (pen)
Duffy HW
England: J.Swannell, L.Tilley (P.Fry), E.Powell ͨ, P.Suddaby, I.Reid, J.Payne, R.Day, R.Haider, J.Adams, K.Gray, L.Pritchard.
Whilst England were playing this game, they were also retaining the British Championship, because of Wales' 3-0 win against Scotland, at Shielfield Park, Berwick (a Scotland home game played in England!).
Champion Hill, Dulwich (1,671) Feely HW
England: J.Swannell, L.Tilley (I.Reid), E.Powell ͨ, J.Delaney, A.Rosethorne, J.Payne, R.Day, R.Haider, L.Pritchard, K.Gray, P.Feely.
Malky Mackay Senior (father of the former Cardiff City manager) was sent off for a dangerous tackle in the second half and Peter Feely secured England's second successive outright title triumph by grabbing the only goal with two minutes remaining. Following a substitution, the Scots had only one player on the field that was not from Queen's Park. England won the 1969-70 British Amateur Championship with a maximum six points, their first 'Triple Crown' since 1963. Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland were joint runners-up with two points each.
253 10 May 1970 - Iceland 1 England 1 [0-1]
Laugardalsvöllur, Reykjavík (6,046) Hallgrímsson
Day (pen) AD
England: J.Swannell, J.Payne, E.Powell ͨ, J.Delaney, A.Rosethorne, P.Deadman, R.Day, R.Haider, R.Veart, M.Mellows, L.Pritchard.
Stade de l'Armoricaine, Brest (7,186) Hallet, Di Caro, Horlaville
Day, Delaney AL
England: J.Swannell, J.Payne, E.Powell ͨ, J.Delaney, A.Rosethorne, P.Deadman, R.Day, R.Haider, L.Pritchard, R.Connell, M.Mellows (C.Duggan).
England finished bottom of Group Two without winning a point.
- 16 May 1970 - Cornwall 1 England 3 [nk]
Penlee Park, Penzance (-) not known AW
The season finished on a happier note with victory on their return to England.
255 23 September 1970 - Finland 1 England 3 [nk]
Olympiastadion, Helsinki (2,343) Lindholm
Gray, Pritchard, Delaney AW
England: J.Swannell, L.Tilley (E.Powell), J.Delaney, J.Turner, B.Moffatt, R.Day, J.Payne, R.Haider ͨ, L.Pritchard, P.Clements, K.Gray.
256 2 October 1970 - England 4 Northern Ireland 1 [nk]
Kingfield Sports Ground, Woking (2,132) Haider, Payne, Clements, Adams
Anderson HW
England: J.Swannell, D.Gamblin (L.Tilley), E.Powell ͨ, J.Turner, B.Moffatt, J.Payne, R.Day, R.Haider, P.Clements, K.Gray, J.Adams.
Southall Football Club Centenary Match
- 27 October 1970 - Southall FC 1 England 3 [nk]
Western Road, Southall (-) not known AW
The British Olympic team began their preparations for the qualifiers with a trip to the Manor Ground, Headington to face Oxford United on 9th November. Clements, Day, Delaney, Gray, Haider, the uncapped Peter Hardcastle, Payne, Powell ͨ, Pritchard and Swannell were named in the squad and the side won 1-0 against their Second Division opponents. Two weeks later, on 23rd November, they went to Vicarage Road and beat another Second Division team, Watford, 4-2. The squad chosen for this game included Adams, Clements, Day, Delaney, Gamblin, Gray, Haider, Hardcastle, Moffatt, Payne, Powell ͨ, Pritchard, Swannell and uncapped goalkeeper, Andy Williams.
257 5 December 1970 - England 3 Wales 0 [nk-0]
Claremont Road, Cricklewood (1,446) Gray, Clements, Adams HW
England: J.Swannell, D.Gamblin, E.Powell ͨ, J.Delaney, B.Moffatt, J.Payne, L.Pritchard (R.Haider), P.Hardcastle (R.Day), P.Clements, K.Gray, J.Adams.
x The England team played the following friendly fixture as Great Britain in preparation for the upcoming Olympic qualifying competition:
- 14 December 1970 -
Derby County FC 0 Great Britain 1 [0-0]
Baseball Ground, Derby (-) Gray AW
GB: J.Swannell (I.Wolstenholme), D.Gamblin, J.Delaney, E.Powell ͨ, B.Moffatt, J.Payne, R.Day, R.Haider, P.Clements, K.Gray, P.Hardcastle.
A prestigious victory as the British Olympic side reverted back to being the England amateur team. The First Division side included Roy McFarland and the future twice European Cup-winning captain, John McGovern, plus a Gambian trialist wearing green mittens!
The Olympic team began the New Year with a 2-0 win against Third Division, Reading at Elm Park on 11th January. Paul Clements scored both goals and the team was: Wolstenholme, Fuschillo, Delaney, Phillips (Wales), Gamblin, Payne, Day, Haider ͨ, Clements, Gray, Hardcastle. Pritchard came on as a substitute. Two weeks later, on 25th January, it was the following England team that started against a Northern Ireland side at Windsor Park, Belfast: I.Wolstenholme, P.Fuschillo, J.Delaney, E.Powell (c), D.Gamblin, J.Payne, L.Pritchard, R.Haider, P.Clements, K.Gray, P.Hardcastle. Two substitutions were made; R.Day for Haider, and Phillips (Wales) for Payne. The hosts were selected entirely from the Irish League and included Bryan Hamilton, who was already a full international and would make the first of eight appearances against the full England side, four months later. It ended in a 3-3 draw, with Larry Pritchard, John Delaney and Ken Gray scoring for the visitors. On 8th February, the Olympic side travelled to Deepdale and held Preston North End, who would go on to win the Third Division Championship, to a goalless draw, with the following side: Swannell, Fuschillo, Gamblin, Powell ͨ, Phillips (Wales), Payne, Day, Haider, Clements, Gray, Hardcastle. Diwell, Pritchard, Tilley and the uncapped goalkeeper, Andy Williams, all came on as substitutes.
258 17 February 1971 - England 1 France 1 [1-0]
Champion Hill, Dulwich (3,420) Gray
Prost HD
England: J.Swannell, P.Fuschillo, D.Smith (L.Tilley), P.Deadman, D.Gamblin, J.Payne, P.Clements, P.Hardcastle, A.Turley, K.Gray, P.Diwell (L.Pritchard).
The following players were then selected for the British Olympic team to face Southampton at The Dell, five nights later on 22nd February: Swannell, Fuschillo, Deadman, Phillips (Wales), Gamblin, Payne, Day, Haider ͨ, Clements, Hardcastle, Adams. Smith appeared as a substitute. They beat the First Division side, 4-0, with Joe Adams opening the scoring and Rod Haider scoring twice.
259 5 March 1971 - Republic of Ireland 0 England 1 [0-1]
Dalymount Park, Dublin (1,000) Clements AW
England: A.Williams, D.Gamblin, P.Deadman, E.Powell ͨ, B.Moffatt, J.Payne, R.Day, R.Haider, P.Clements, K.Gray (P.Hardcastle), J.Adams.
Ten nights later, on 15th March, the Olympic team lost 3-1 to Second Division, Sheffield Wednesday at Hillsborough. They lined up as: Swannell, Fuschillo, Powell ͨ, Phillips (Wales), Gamblin, Payne, Day, Haider, Clements, Gray, Adams. Deadman and Turley were substitutes.
x Ten English amateurs were selected to represent Great Britain in qualification for the XX Olympiad and played the following fixture:
leg 24 March 1971 - Great Britain 1 Bulgaria 0 [1-0]
Empire Stadium, Wembley (2,200) Adams HW
GB: J.Swannell, P.Fuschillo, Currie, E.Powell ͨ, D.Gamblin, J.Payne, R.Day, R.Haider, P.Hardcastle (L.Pritchard), K.Gray, J.Adams.
A remarkable victory against a side containing eight players that had appeared in the previous year's World Cup in Mexico. The unused substitutes were P.Deadman, I.Reid, Savage and A.Williams.
260 2 April 1971 - Scotland 0 England 2 [0-1]
Brockville Park, Falkirk (1,000) Gray (2) AW
England: J.Swannell, L.Pritchard, E.Powell ͨ, P.Deadman, D.Gamblin, J.Payne, R.Day, R.Haider, P.Hardcastle, K.Gray, J.Adams.
England won the 1970-71 British Amateur Championship with a maximum six points for the second year in succession, making them the first to win back-to-back Triple Crowns. They also became the first team to win the title outright for three years in succession. Wales were runners-up with four points.
The Olympic team played two more trials before the second leg, against Bulgaria. On 19th April, the following side narrowly lost 3-2 to Second Division, Sunderland at Roker Park: Swannell, Deadman, Currie (Scotland), Powell ͨ, Gamblin, Payne, Day, Haider, Clements, Savage (Northern Ireland), Adams. At half-time, there were three substitutions; Mellows for Savage, Pritchard for Clements and Wolstenholme for Swannell. Joe Adams and Roger Day (from a penalty) were on the scoresheet. A week later, on 26th April, the following team started a game against Motherwell at Fir Park: J.Swannell, P.Fuschillo, P.Deadman, E.Powell (c), D.Gamblin, J.Payne, R.Day, R.Haider, P.Clements, K.Gray, M.Mellows. The uncapped Tony Bass came on to replace Mellows, and Fuschillo, Payne and Swannell were also substituted. Paul Clements scored the only goal of the game to defeat the Scottish First Division side.
x The England team represented Great Britain in qualification for the XX Olympiad and played the following fixture:
leg 5 May 1971 - Bulgaria 5 Great Britain 0 [2-0]
Bulgaria win 5-1 on aggregate
Stadion Vasil Levski, Sofia (30,000) Zhekov (2), Mihailov, Vassilev, Mitkov (pen) AL
GB: J.Swannell, P.Fuschillo, J.Delaney, E.Powell ͨ, D.Gamblin, J.Payne, R.Day, R.Haider, P.Clements (L.Pritchard), K.Gray, J.Adams (M.Mellows).
The England team was overwhelmed by their experienced opponents and they were efficiently despatched from, what was to be, their last Olympic competition, as amateurs. P.Deadman, Millington and I.Reid were the unused substitutes. Poland won the gold medals.
261 21 July 1971 - Norway 2 England 1 [nk]
Stavanger Stadion, Stavanger (8,200) Nilsen, Dybwad-Olsen
Day AL
England: P.Frankish, M.Cooper, K.Mead, J.Charles, J.Lailey, E.Powell ͨ, R.Day, W.Smith (D.Bassett), R.Haider, R.Connell, A.Bass (E.Dickin).
Had Great Britain defeated Bulgaria in the qualifier, this would have been a British Olympic tour. The Football Association, subsequently decided to restrict it to the England team against a trio of national sides.
262 1 August 1971 - Denmark 3 England 2 [2-1]
Åalborg Stadion, Åalborg (9,142) Schriver, Olsen, Nygaard
Dickin, Haider AL
England: I.Wolstenholme, M.Cooper, K.Mead (J.Charles), E.Powell ͨ, D.Bassett, J.Lailey, R.Day, W.Smith, R.Haider, E.Dickin, A.Bass.
Denmark's second goal was scored by Morten Olsen, who became the first Danish player to make a hundred international appearances. Though they were playing England's amateur team, it was classed as a full international by the Dansk Boldspil-Union. Olsen then went on to coach the national side for over a hundred games, the first to achieve the feat as both a player and a coach for his country.
263 4 August 1971 - Iceland 1 England 3 [1-1]
Laugardalsvöllur, Reykjavík (5,716) Pálsson
Bass, Lailey, Haider AW
England: I.Wolstenholme, M.Cooper, E.Powell ͨ, J.Charles, D.Bassett, J.Lailey, R.Day, W.Smith, R.Haider, E.Dickin, A.Bass.
On 17 September, this fixture was postponed because of the civil unrest in Northern Ireland. The game was eventually re-scheduled as an England home fixture at the end of the season. Northern Ireland did not play another home match at amateur level again, though they were to end the season as British Champions. England were now left with a four-month gap between fixtures.
pp 1 October 1971 - Northern Ireland vs. England
Windsor Park, Belfast
264 4 December 1971 - Wales 1 England 1 [nk]
Victoria Avenue, Llanidloes (-) Anthony
Deadman AD
England: J.Swannell, D.Gamblin, J.Delaney, E.Powell ͨ, J.Lailey, J.Payne, L.Pritchard (A.Turley), R.Day (P.Deadman), R.Haider, K.Gray, M.Mellows.
Wales ended England's hopes of a hat-trick of Triple Crowns.
265 16 February 1972 - France 1 England 1 [nk]
Stade de l'Armoricaine, Brest (6,000) Redon
Pritchard AD
England: J.Swannell, P.Deadman, J.Delaney, E.Powell ͨ, B.Moffatt, D.Bassett, J.Lailey, L.Pritchard, A.Turley, K.Gray, J.Ritchie.
266 25 February 1972 - England 2 Republic of Ireland 0 [1-0]
Loakes Park, High Wycombe (1,400) O'Grady OG, Haider HW
England: J.Swannell, P.Deadman, J.Delaney, E.Powell ͨ, J.Lailey, D.Bassett, R.Haider, L.Pritchard, A.Turley (P.Cruse), K.Gray (J.Adams), J.Ritchie.
This game was played on a Friday afternoon, because of a power crisis during which the use of floodlights was banned.
Springfield Park, Wigan (2,704) Currie OG, Cruse, Gray, Bass HW
England: J.Swannell, D.Gamblin, J.Delaney, E.Powell ͨ, A.Amos, P.Deadman, R.Haider, P.Cruse, J.Adams, K.Gray. A.Bass.
England extended their run of unbeaten games in the British Championship to a record twelve and seemed set to secure a fourth successive title.
268 3 May 1972 - Denmark 1 England 2 [0-0]
Idrætsparken, København (9,400) Røntved
Butterfield, Haider AW
England: J.Swannell, D.Gamblin, E.Powell ͨ, J.Delaney, R.Eaton, P.Deadman, R.Haider, L.Pritchard, J.Adams, J.Butterfield, A.Bass.
England exacted revenge for their loss in Denmark at the beginning of the season, watched by the Duke and Duchess of Kent on a trade visit.
Home Park, Plymouth (5,591) Delaney (2), Benini OG, Amos HW
England: A.Williams, D.Gamblin, J.Delaney, E.Powell ͨ, R.Eaton, P.Deadman, R.Haider, L.Pritchard, J.Adams, J.Butterfield, A.Amos.
270 15 May 1972 - England 1 Northern Ireland 2 [1-1]
Claremont Road, Cricklewood (1,411) Pritchard
Malone, McQuillan HL
England: J.Swannell, D.Gamblin, J.Delaney, E.Powell ͨ, J.Lailey, P.Deadman, R.Haider, L.Pritchard, J.Adams, J.Butterfield (A.Amos), K.Gray.
Needing a win to secure a fourth successive title, and having won their previous four games, scoring twelve goals in the process, England were stunned by their first home defeat to the Irish since 1949. It clinched a first and only Triple Crown for Northern Ireland, all three victories coming away from home, because of civil unrest in the province, and it was their first title since 1964. England were joint runners-up in the 1971-72 British Amateur Championship with Wales, with three points each.
Manchester United 2 England 0 [1-0]
Old Trafford, Manchester (1,994) McIlroy, Whelan AL
Adams, Cooper, Deadman, Payne, Pritchard, Turley and Williams all played in a side that was up against former European Footballer of the Year, Denis Law in the first half. Jimmy Rimmer was in goal and the first goal was scored by Sammy McIlroy, who went on to win 88 caps for Northern Ireland. England's other squad members were Bass, Bassett, Brooks, Butterfield, Delaney, Eaton, Haider and Powell.
271 6 October 1972 - England 2 Northern Ireland 1 [2-0]
Carrow Road, Norwich (1,502) Butterfield (2)
McQuillan HW
England: J.Swannell, P.Deadman, J.Delaney, E.Powell ͨ, R.Eaton, J.Payne, R.Day, L.Pritchard, R.Haider, J.Adams, J.Butterfield.
England quickly put right the ignominy of losing the previous season's title by defeating Northern Ireland in their first defence of the British Championship and the Irish would end the campaign without winning a point. More fixtures were now being played on a Friday night in a desperate attempt to revive interest in amateur internationals, but it was all in vain. On 27th November, the FA announced that no players could be called 'amateur' from the beginning of the 1974-75 season, ending decades of uncertainty as to what distinguished an amateur from a semi-professional, and the so-called 'shamateurism' debate concerning the legality of payments to players registered as amateurs, both in the UK and in Olympic competition.
Plymouth Argyle FC 1 England 2 [1-1]
Home Park, Plymouth (830) Hinch
Haider (2) AW
A fine victory on the ground of the Third Division club.
Edgar Street, Hereford (4,492) Butterfield (2), Bass
Anthony HW
England: A.Williams, P.Deadman, J.Delaney, E.Powell ͨ, R.Eaton, D.Bassett, R.Day, R.Haider, J.Butterfield, A.Bass, B.Friend.
With international caps soon to be a thing of the past for the amateurs, Rod Haider became the first outfield player to make his fiftieth appearance for England.
England 2 Aston Villa 1 FC [1-0]
Loakes Park, High Wycombe (-) Brooks, Butterfield
McMahon HW
England: J.Swannell, D.Gamblin, J.Delaney, E.Powell ͨ, R.Eaton, R.Day, R.Haider, K.Banks, B.Friend, J.Butterfield, J.Brooks.
Another victory for a confident England team against the club lying third in the Second Division.
273 2 March 1973 - Scotland 0 England 3 [0-3]
Shawfield Stadium, Rutherglen (-) Bass, Friend, Haider AW
England: J.Swannell, D.Gamblin, J.Delaney, E.Powell ͨ, R.Eaton, D.Bassett, R.Day (L.Pritchard), R.Haider, B.Friend, J.Butterfield, A.Bass.
England's fifth successive victory against the Scots and their third Triple Crown in four years was wrapped up by half-time, as they won the 1972-73 British Amateur Championship with a maximum six points. Scotland were runners-up with four points.
274 4 April 1973 - England 3 Finland 0 [1-0]
Home Park, Plymouth (1,472) Delaney (2), Deadman HW
England: J.Swannell, P.Deadman, J.Delaney, E.Powell ͨ, R.Eaton, L.Pritchard, R.Day, R.Haider, B.Friend, J.Butterfield, D.Rutherford.
275 6 June 1973 - Austria 0 England 1 [0-1]
Praterstadion, Wien (1,500) Haider AW
England: J.Swannell, P.Deadman, E.Powell ͨ, M.Preston, R.Eaton, L.Pritchard, R.Day, R.Haider, B.Friend, J.Butterfield, J.Brooks.
England's extensive European tour got off to a great start as Rod Haider celebrated breaking Mike Pinner's caps record on his 53rd appearance by scoring the only goal of the game.
276 9 June 1973 - Greece 0 England 1 [0-nk]
Karaiskaki Stadio, Piraeus (-) Smith AW
England: D.Cobb, P.Deadman, E.Powell ͨ, M.Preston, R.Eaton, D.Bassett, L.Pritchard, W.Smith, R.Haider, J.Butterfield, A.Ives (J.Brooks).
277 14 June 1973 - Italy 0 England 0 [0-0]
Stadio Comunale di Torino, Torino (-) AD
England: J.Swannell, P.Deadman, E.Powell ͨ, M.Preston, R.Eaton, D.Bassett (W.Smith), L.Pritchard, R.Haider, K.Banks, J.Butterfield, J.Brooks.
This match was played on the same day as the full international between the two countries.
278 17 June 1973 - Turkey 0 England 2 [0-nk]
19 Mayıs Stadyumu, Ankara (-) Friend, Haider AW
England: J.Swannell, P.Deadman, P.Wood (W.Smith), M.Preston, R.Eaton, E.Powell ͨ, L.Pritchard, R.Haider, K.Banks (B.Friend), J.Butterfield, J.Brooks.
John Swannell became England's most capped goalkeeper with a clean sheet on his 53rd appearance.
279 20 June 1973 - Yugoslavia 0 England 0 [0-0]
Stadion na Kantridi, Rijeka (4,000) AD
England: J.Swannell, P.Deadman, E.Powell ͨ, M.Preston, R.Eaton, L.Pritchard, R.Day, R.Haider, K.Banks (B.Friend), J.Butterfield, J.Brooks.
England's watertight defence had got them through the tour without conceding a single goal, their seventh successive clean sheet and hopes were high that they could win the European Championship in their final season.
280 25 September 1973 - England 6 Austria 1 [3-1]
Vicarage Road, Watford (1,519) Smith (2), Bass (2), Pritchard, Butterfield
Neuwirth (pen) HW
England: J.Swannell, P.Deadman, E.Powell ͨ, M.Preston, R.Eaton, L.Pritchard, R.Day, R.Haider, W.Smith, A.Bass, J.Butterfield.
England began their final season in blistering style. 24 hours later, Austria lost 7-0 at Wembley in the full international between the two countries.
281 12 October 1973 - England 2 Northern Ireland 0 [nk-0]
Maine Road, Manchester (638) Rutherford (2) HW
England: J.Swannell, P.Deadman, E.Powell ͨ, M.Preston, R.Eaton, L.Pritchard, R.Day, R.Haider, W.Smith (B.Friend), J.Butterfield, D.Rutherford.
Once again, Northern Ireland had to give up home advantage due to the continuing unrest.
282 31 October 1973 - England 1 West Germany 0 [0-0]
Empire Stadium, Wembley (3,200) Searle HW
England: J.Swannell, P.Deadman, E.Powell ͨ, M.Preston, R.Eaton, L.Pritchard, A.Bass, R.Haider, W.Smith, R.Day, J.Butterfield (K.Searle).
A great moment for Keith Searle, who came on as a substitute to give England a great start in their quest for European glory. One of the two German substitutes that came on was Dieter Müller, who made his full international debut in the semi-final of the 1976 European Championship, in which he came on as a substitute and scored a hat-trick to put his country into the final, in which he again scored, though they lost, on penalty-kicks.
283 5 December 1973 - Malta 0 England 3 [0-2]
Stadium Nazzjonali, Ħ'Attard (1,300) Preston, Rutherford, Pritchard AW
England: J.Swannell, P.Deadman, E.Powell ͨ, M.Preston, A.Rosethorn, L.Pritchard, R.Day, R.Haider, W.Smith, J.Butterfield, D.Rutherford.
England's eleventh match without conceding a goal in open play (only an Austrian penalty). Malta made two early substitutions and were left with ten men when another player went off injured.
Penydarren Park, Merthyr Tydfil (650) Williams
Butterfield AD
1973-74 UEFA Amateur Cup (Qualifying Group Two)
285 6 March 1974 - England 2 Malta 0 [nk-0]
Elm Park, Reading (496) Kelly, Pritchard HW
England: J.Swannell, P.Deadman, E.Powell, M.Preston, R.Eaton, L.Pritchard, R.Day, R.Haider, C.Kelly, J.Butterfield, D.Rutherford (W.Smith).
With the country in the grip of a fuel crisis, this game was played on a Wednesday afternoon, but England's victory meant that they now only needed a point in Germany, a week later, to reach the semi-finals for the first time.
286 13 March 1974 - West Germany 3 England 1 [nk]
Bielefelder Alm, Bielefeld (30,000) Hammes, Körbel, Traser
Deadman AL
England: J.Swannell, P.Deadman, E.Powell ͨ, M.Preston, R.Eaton, L.Pritchard, D.Bassett, R.Haider, R.Day, J.Butterfield, W.Smith.
Ted Powell became England's fourth and last amateur to win fifty caps, with a record 41 as captain, but this defeat meant that England were runners-up in Group Two with six points. West Germany qualified for the semi-finals on goal difference and shared the championship with Yugoslavia. Uli Stielike was in the German side and went on to win the European Championship at full international level in 1980.
Highfield Road, Coventry (1,221) Preston
Fallis HD
England: P.Smith, P.Deadman, E.Powell ͨ, M.Preston, R.Eaton, T.Reardon, R.Day, R.Haider, W.Smith, L.Pritchard, A.Bass.
Mickey Preston's headed equaliser, their last ever amateur international goal, retained the title for England, who jointly won the 1973-74 British Amateur Championship with Wales, with four points each, though England had the better goal difference.
The Welsh secured their first title since 1968, on the following afternoon, by beating Northern Ireland at Central Park, Denbigh. Scotland were denied the opportunity to create the first three-way tie since 1958, and their first title since 1965, because their fixture with Northern Ireland, called off in February, due to a waterlogged pitch at Celtic Park, Glasgow, was not rearranged.
Attendances of over 2,000 were now rare at amateur international matches and few would mourn the loss of these fixtures. In their day, they had been big events and created great memories, but their time had now gone. True amateur football was confined to lower leagues and governed by the Amateur Football Alliance, whilst the majority of non-league players could be called semi-professionals. The blurred line of distinction, disputed since the 1880s, had been firmly inked in.
←1962-1974
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Commentary: Can ASEAN fly with a new face?
Naing Ko Ko
Jan 25, 2008 (DVB), ASEAN secretary-general Dr Surin Pitsuwan will need to overcome many obstacles if he is to reshape ASEAN's structure, principles and outlook to better meet the needs of the people of ASEAN.
At the start of 2008, Dr Surin Pitsuwan took office as secretary-general of ASEAN, having been nominated for the post by the military government of Thailand last year. He is charged with bringing ASEAN closer in line with international moral responsibilities and dignity in the global political arena.
There has been a leadership vacuum in ASEAN since Lee Kuan Yew and Dr Matathir retired from its political horizon. Will Dr Surin and his Thai diplomacy be able to play a significant role at the local, regional and international levels?
Thai diplomacy will face some opposition from Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia and Burma, the poor and illiberal newer members of ASEAN, because of proposals for a policy of "flexible engagement" outlined in a non-paper handed out in the 1998 ASEAN ministerial meeting in Manila, Philippines. The Thai policy was formulated by Dr Surin and Dr M.R. Sukhumbhand Paribatra during former democrat Chuan Leekpai’s administration. The non-paper challenged the present core policies of ASEAN: non-intervention, the ASEAN Way and constructive engagement, the latter also a Thai brainchild, formulated by former Thai Foreign Minister Arsa Sarasin in 1991, according to Ambassador Mr Asda Jayanama of Thailand.
It is no exaggeration to say that Dr Surin has both the intellectual abilities and field experience of diplomacy and foreign affairs to handle ASEAN. However, the contemporary political landscape and practices of state leaders from Brunei, Cambodia, Laos, Burma and Vietnam, could stop ASEAN getting off the ground in the race for modernization, globalization and democratization.
Moreover, external factors such as growing economic interdependence, globalization, international terrorism, transnational migration and non-traditional security issues mean that ASEAN members cannot afford to be complacent any longer about bilateral, regional or inter-regional problems.
There are countless challenges and obstacles facing Dr Surin as secretary-general of ASEAN. Among these is the need to restructure or renew the current unproductive and inefficient management mechanism of ASEAN. It is time to reshape Asean's principles, structure and leadership to create a new model for a democratic ASEAN.
Firstly, no judges have been selected or appointed to the High Council since its inception. The High Council should be established as a political mechanism for solving bilateral/trilateral problems and disputes between member states. The High Council should select judges to look into the legal procedures for dealing with existing disputes and problems. Dr Surin could help to develop a proactive policy of results-oriented engagement in ASEAN.
Secondly, ASEAN ought to adopt common foreign and security policies to create harmony between globalization and regionalization and to become a more coherent and effective organisation. A democratic ASEAN parliament should be introduced to achieve a more people-oriented ASEAN. In addition, it should introduce accepted common basic principles for international dialogue to ensure smoother cooperation, such as those used by the United Nations, the European Union, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization and the African Union.
Third, every member country’s political system must reflect the needs of the people living in that country, which means that basic political freedoms and civil rights should be established within each political system. The ASEAN community should guarantee democratic principles, pluralism and government for the people, of the people and by the people. This means that ASEAN has a responsibility for policies which directly affect the social life and well-being of the people of ASEAN. ASEAN should allow the ASEAN People’s Assembly, civil society and independent academics to oversee the monitoring, formulation and regulation of these policies.
Fourth, ASEAN should improve cooperation on justice and home affairs to solve the problems of transnational migration, human trafficking, international terrorism, asylum-seeking, transnational crime and crimes against humanity, guided by the universal standards of human rights, individual rights and workers' rights.
Fifth, ASEAN should adopt "community citizenship" and a "social charter" to involve the people of ASEAN in the preparation, formulation and adoption of decisions and policies. Moreover, ASEAN should work hand in hand with member states, employers, and trade unions to draw up social safety standards for the workplace, so that all workers will enjoy the same labour rights and level of labour protection throughout the ASEAN community.
Sixth, ASEAN should adjust the economic structure of member states to decrease the development gap between the rich founding fathers of ASEAN-5 and latecomers Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar and Vietnam. Moreover it should adopt legal enforcement mechanisms for environmental protection and emergency crisis management to monitor emergencies and natural disasters such as earthquakes, tsunamis, forest fires, haze, volcanic eruptions and epidemics.
Seventh, ASEAN should strengthen the UN-ASEAN relationship and take on international moral responsibilities, following the example of NATO, the AU and the UN’s peacemaking, peacekeeping and peacebuilding mechanisms. It should focus on "results-oriented engagement" by bringing in an ASEAN centre for peacekeeping, conflict prevention and conflict management.
Eighth, the ASEAN Secretariat should be restructured to give it enough power and flexibility to work more efficiently and strengthen social capital and human security. The ASEAN Secretariat should also promote better dialogue with the private sector, non-government organizations, parliamentarians, academics, student unions, labour unions and independent local authorities.
Ninth, the secretary-general of ASEAN should be given more executive power and a greater mandate to solve problems such as non-traditional security issues affecting the 567 million people of ASEAN.
Naing Ko Ko is a postgraduate scholarship student in International Relations at Auckland University, New Zealand and a former political prisoner of Burma.
Tags: ASEANburmacambodiaeulaosreformthailandUNvietnam
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ASEAN looks to tackle organised crime
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Royal Paulownia
tree of the family Scrofulariaceae,
of the figwort, or "herbs to scrofula" (Latin scrofulae, "scrofula").
Etymology: "Royal Paulownia" comes from Anna Paulownia, daughter of the tsar Paul Ier. "tomentosa" reminds tomentose (silky) underside of the leaf.
Origin: North of China, Korea; introduced into France in 1834.
Habitat: The Royal Paulownia develops very well in towns, where air is contaminated, the soil compact and badly drained and where drought is frequent. But it prefers a soil deep, humid and well drained.
Habitat: it does not tolerate shady situation.
Hardiness: zone 6 (it supports cold until -23 °C or -9 °F).
Size: 10-12 m tall.
It flourishes in May. Its flowers are grouped in upright panicles. They have a form of glove finger, as the flower of the digital.
Uses: in China, its wood is used in joinery, in clog factory and in fancy. In Europe, the Royal Paulownia is an ornamental tree, but it resists urban pollution more or less well.
Where to see it in Paris? Place of Italy; garden of Luxembourg, between tennis and the Orangery; garden of Trocadéro.
Difference Catalpa Royal Paulownia
Flowers panicles erect, white-spotted red-brown; June-July, after the leaves in panicles, upright, purple,
in May, before leaves
Buds and leaves verticillate by 2 or 3, slightly brought forward * opposite*
Leaves 30-40 cm 40-50 cm
Top glabrous pubescent
Underside pubescent tomentose (very pubescent)
Fruits long 20-30 cm pods ovoid capsules of 4 cm.
* a mnemonic device to remember the difference: in "catalpa", there is 3 " a ", and it makes think of leaves of whorled by 3, while in "Paulownia", there is only 2 " a ", and its leaves are by 2 (opposite)!
nursery Planfor
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The Journey of Documentary: a web series about the evolution of documentary
This is an online interactive documentary about how to make an online interactive documentary. It is an initiative which has been borne out of my Masters Research undertaking at the Australian Film Television and Radio School titled: Documentary Producing and Interactive Platforms, Opportunities, Evolving Processes and the Changing Craft. My hopes for this site are that it is used as a resource for emerging filmmakers and generates conversation around transmedia & interactive multiplatforms for documentary and that it will act as a hub for collaborations and networking opportunities. It is a ‘work in progress’.
The website hosts a web series called ‘The Journey of Documentary’, with featured interviews from documentary filmmakers/radio, screen content producers, social media experts, games developers and innovators of documentary. The website also features a crowd sourced timeline which looks at the evolution of documentary and a Test Kinema which invites filmmakers to screen their teasers and trailers and receive feedback.
This post is by Atalanti Dionysus whose thesis can also be found on the website which highlights some of her findings and new innovations in interactive documentary, you can also connect through Facebook.
Atalanti developed and built the website, as well as directed, filmed and edited all the interviews and is also currently in development on a linear documentary about ‘The Journey of Documentary’.
If you are working on a project, whatever stage it’s in, we’d love to hear from you! Contact us via idocsinteractive@gmail.com or the Facebook group.
documentaryevolutioninteractiveresearchresource
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Tag Archives | CEO
Shanita Penny, Founder/CEO of Budding Solutions and President for Minority Cannabis Association
By Nick Opich on August 8, 2019 in podcast
https://media.blubrry.com/greenrushpodcast/p/content.blubrry.com/greenrushpodcast/Green_Rush_Shanita_Penny_FULL_SHOW.mp3
Shanita Penny, the Founder/CEO of Budding Solutions and the President of the Board of Directors for the Minority Cannabis Business Association (MCBA) is our guest this week on The Green Rush.
Social equity and its role within the cannabis space has been one of the defining conversations for the industry in 2019 with advocates fighting in states like New York, New Jersey and California for a greater emphasis on minority ownership. Shanita and the MCBA have been on the front line of these conversations, testifying in front of the House Committee on Small Business and lobbying legislators on the federal and state level about this issue.
To learn more about the role of small business in the cannabis industry and why minority ownership is important, Lewis and Anne chatted with Shanita about which states, and companies are “getting it right” when it comes to social equity and corporate social responsibility. They also touched on the feedback she has received from legislators and why the momentum she’s seeing at the grassroots level has her hopeful for the years to come.
Shanita Penny is a cannabis advocate, business professional and entrepreneur with over 18 years of experience helping world class companies and startups solve complex issues and improve business performance in multiple industries. In 2015, Shanita took a leap of faith and founded Budding Solutions, a boutique cannabis consulting firm based in Baltimore, MD, to provide Management and Strategy Consulting to startups, small businesses and multistate operators in the cannabis industry.
Shanita proudly serves as President of the Board of Directors for the Minority Cannabis Business Association (MCBA), the first non-profit organization created specifically to progress the cannabis industry by increasing diversity through the creation of equal access and economic empowerment for cannabis businesses, their patients, and the communities most affected by the war on drugs. She is also a member of the New Jersey Cannabis Industry Association’s (NJCIA) Board of Trustees. NJCIA is a nonprofit trade association dedicated to advancing the legalization of cannabis by promoting sensible policy for the responsible development and growth of a legalized cannabis-based economy.
https://minoritycannabis.org/
http://www.buddingsolutions.net/
Shanita Penny’s LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/spenny/
Budding Solution’s Twitter: https://twitter.com/BudSol4U
MCBA Twitter: https://twitter.com/MinCannBusAssoc
The Biggest Cannabis RTO Ever
http://media.blubrry.com/greenrushpodcast/p/content.blubrry.com/greenrushpodcast/Green_Rush_Joe_Lusardi_FULL_SHOW.mp3
Welcome back to the Green Rush! This week Lewis is flying solo as he sits down with Joe Lusardi, CEO of Curaleaf which just completed the largest RTO – or reverse take over – in the history of US cannabis companies and carries a $4.5 billion valuation. Within the conversation, Joe and Lewis discuss the historic RTO and the process of raising $400 million. In addition, the two discuss Joe’s introduction to the cannabis industry, the benefits that come with company deciding to go public now, and what Joe’s keeping an eye on as we inch closer and closer to the midterm elections next week.
In addition to the conversation with the Curaleaf, we also have Benzinga cannabis reporter Javier Hasse opening this week’s episode covering the biggest news in the cannabis industry and breaking down what he thinks were the overlooked stories from last week. Make sure you check out Javier’s weekly column for Benzinga, “Pot Stocks, ETFs, Top News And Data From The Cannabis Industry This Week” as well!
About Joe Lusardi, CEO of Curaleaf
Joseph Lusardi has more than 20 years of success in finance and private equity. He held previous executive positions at Affiliated Managers Group, Liberty Mutual Group and Devonshire Investors (Fidelity Investment’s private equity arm). A pioneer in the US cannabis industry, Mr. Lusardi is credited with opening the first vertically integrated cannabis operation on the East Coast and has more than seven years’ experience developing and operating medical cannabis companies in highly regulated states. In 2010 and 2014, Joseph Lusardi developed Maine Organic Therapy and Alternative Therapies Group, the first medical cannabis companies in Maine and Massachusetts.
About Javier Hasse
Javier Hasse is a young Latinx cannabis focused-writer, author of the book “Start Your Own Cannabis Business,” published via Entrepreneur Media. The book hit the #1 Best Seller spot for cannabis categories on Amazon during the week of its release.
In addition, Javier writes for a variety of mass media outlets and serves as the Director of Benzinga’s Cannabis Newsdesk. He’s had more than 4,500 articles published on CNBC, Playboy, Entrepreneur Mag, The Street, High Times, The Houston Chronicle, Leafly, Benzinga, CNN Money, Yahoo Finance, MarketWatch, MSN Money, Morningstar, Nasdaq, Apple News, Merry Jane, The Fresh Toast, and many others. Find samples of his written work here.
Javier is also a published photographer (High Times, Entrepreneur, Yahoo, etc.), a Billboard-topping artist, and a multimedia content producer and host.
Curaleaf Twitter: https://twitter.com/Curaleaf_Inc
Joe Lusardi LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/joseph-lusardi-1981846/
Javier Hasse Twitter: https://twitter.com/JavierHasse
Javier Hasse LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/javierhasse/?locale=en_US
https://www.curaleaf.com/
https://www.benzinga.com/author/javier-hasse
https://www.amazon.com/Javier-Hasse/e/B0798XLDYZ
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Turn on the Game
I was never one to pay much attention to most sports. Baseball seemed boring. When you grow up in Boston, as did I, you have the Red Sox. For a long time, the Sox had the “Curse of the Bambino,” which meant they didn’t just lose; they raised it to an art form.
Only the Celtics were winners, in those days.
For a long while, the Patriots also weren’t that great, either. I didn’t care for basketball, despite being quite tall. I was clumsy and I didn’t want to watch a game that I should be good at playing. No, for me, it was hockey and there I was in luck; we had the Bruins and Bobby Orr.
When I moved to Florida and became a bartender, my attitudes had to change. After all, in most bars, people want to see sporting events. In particular, one very popular sport was American Football.
I use that term, American Football, because for most of the world football has a different meaning. We call it soccer. When the World Cup was on, people wanted to see it.
American Football is not soccer.
Most of the time, it was American Football that people wanted to see, especially when the season was in full swing. When I worked at the Marriott resort, we had NFL Sunday Ticket. It took me a while to figure out what that meant. I wasn’t a big fan of the game. For true fans, true believers, it was the Holy Grail of Sunday football.
Every Sunday morning, I’d start the setup of the pool bar. One part of that was turning on the big screen flat televisions and tuning to the channels for football games. The first batch started at one o’clock and I opened at eleven. Some mornings, I’d be open no more than five minutes and someone would walk up to me and say, “Hey, are you going to have the blank game on?” I leave it to your own preference to imagine which game they wanted.
My reply was always the same. “Whoever sits on one of my stools first and stays put, when game time rolls around, they get to have their game on the big screen.” That was the center screen. The two on the sides were smaller.
That person would then go report to his friends. It was almost comical to see them chatting and whispering among themselves. Each group wondered when they needed to have a member claim to the centre television. Some days, there were several very important games, which many different groups wanted to watch. I’d have a couple people parked at the bar right at 11:01 am.
At 1 pm, I set the televisions to NFL Sunday Ticket.
Then, one o’clock would roll around. The games would begin. I’d tune the televisions to the various games.
After that, we were off and for the first time I actually enjoyed Sunday football. Granted, I often didn’t see much of the games; my back was to the televisions, as I served the patrons. I watched a little. I found myself enjoying the game.
I no longer tend bar. I do missing watching a bit of American Football. The fans were always such great people. So devoted, so committed and watching a game with them was always so much fun.
Combining the gimlet-eye, of Philip Roth, with the precisive mind of Lionel Trilling, AJ Robinson writes about what goes bump in the mind, of 21st century adults. Raised in Boston, with summers on Martha's Vineyard, AJ now lives in Florida. Working, again, as an engineeer, after years out of the field due to 2009 recession and slow recovery, Robinson finds time to write. His liberal, note the small "l," sensibilities often lead to bouts of righteous indignation, well focused and true. His teen vampire adventure novel, "Vampire Vendetta," will publish in 2020. Robinson continues to write books, screenplays and teleplays and keeps hoping for that big break.
More by AJ Robinson:
The Logical Choice
Go Fly a Kyte
No Small Parts
Chistian Oxymorons
Even more by AJ Robinson
Ordinary Child Syndrome
Questions, Answers
Multiple Choices
Blackitude
Point of Entry
Let's Hear it for Mom
Squirrel Attack
Navidad Negra
Rat Racing
Missing Socks
KISS of Death
Trump Mueller Imagined
NHL Playoffs 2014: 3
Beaver Does Broadway
Larry Lujack
Larger Numbers
Piet Soer
It Starts Anew
Uncle Bert
Gravity Exists
Guitar Woods
Silver Lingings Playbook
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Press Release – L3I Receives Entrepreneurship Award
Contact: Stuart Doyle
sdoyle@eflorida.com
18 Florida companies to receive Governor’s Business Diversification Awards
Annual program honors outstanding contributions Florida’s economy
ORLANDO, FL (August 31, 2010) – Eighteen Florida companies representing 12 counties will receive 2010 Governor’s Business Diversification Awards for exceptional contributions they made last year toward statewide economic diversification.
The award recognizes successful job creation and distinctive community involvement and investment efforts, many of which fall into industries Floridatargets for economic diversification and high wage job growth: aviation/aerospace, cleantech, financial/professional services, homeland security/defense, information technology, life sciences and manufacturing. Eighty-five companies competed this year.
The awards will be presented September 22 in Tallahassee during Florida’s annual Industry Appreciation Week (the third week of September).
The competitors vied for awards in six categories:
Business Expansion – companies that expanded operations in 2009, investing capital and creating jobs for Floridians.
Entrepreneurship – start-up companies (less than 5 years old) that have set a standard for entrepreneurship and creativity.
Export Excellence –companies with a significant increase in documented export sales in 2009.
Innovation – companies, organizations or institutions that through product or process best exemplified innovative leadership in 2009.
Newcomer – For new-to-Florida companies that began operating in 2009.
Green-to-Gold – Florida companies, universities or other organizations that through product or process best exemplified “green” leadership as it pertains to the state’s goal to become a leader in this emerging field.
For award consideration, a business can self-nominate or a local economic development organization can submit a company. Each competes with other companies, organizations, universities and colleges in similar sized markets in categories includingMid Market (county population up to 150,000); Major Market (county population 150,001 to 800,000) and Mega Market (county population 800,001 and higher).
Below are this year’s winners listed by business category and market size:
Mid Market: LiberatorMedical Supply, Inc. (Martin County)
Major Market: LibertyMedical Supply, Inc. (St. Lucie County)
Mega Market: The Boeing Company (Duval County)
Mid Market: Level 3 Inspection, LLC (Martin County)
Major Market: TH@T Company (Lake County)
Mega Market: IT Authorities, Inc. (Hillsborough County)
Export Excellence
Mid Market: Gulfstream Aluminum & Shutter Corporation (MartinCounty)
Major Market: Symetrics Industries, LLC (Brevard County)
Mega Market: Nationwide Equipment (Duval County)
Mid Market: UCT Coatings (Martin County)
Major Market: Lighting Science Group Corporation (Brevard County)
Mega Market: Mavericks in Education, LLC (Palm Beach County)
Mid Market: La Quinta Inn & Suites Hotel (Highlands County)
Major Market: Coast Products (Bay County)
Mega Market: BD Biosciences Advanced Bioprocessing (Miami-Dade County)
Green-to-Gold
Mid Market: Technology Conservation Group Inc. (Citrus County)
Major Market: BlueChip Energy (Seminole County)
Mega Market: Southern Waste Systems/Sun Recycling (Palm Beach County)
Here’s a breakdown of the winners by county.
County Winners CountyWinners CountyWinners
Bay 1
Highlands 1
Miami Dade 1
Brevard 2
Hillsborough 1
Citrus 1
Lake 1
Duval 2
St. Lucie 1
Enterprise Florida, Inc. is a partnership between Florida‘s business and government leaders and is the principal economic development organization for the state of Florida. Headquartered in Orlando, EnterpriseFlorida’s mission is to diversify Florida’s economy and create better-paying jobs for its citizens by supporting, attracting and helping to create businesses in innovative, high-growth industries. In pursuit of its mission, Enterprise Floridaworks closely with a statewide network of economic development partners and is funded both by the State of Floridaand by private-sector businesses.
Press Release – L3I Receives Business Diversification Award
Crystal Stiles, Marketing & PR Manager
crystal@bdbmc.org
Martin County Targeted Companies Receive Coveted
Governor’s Business Diversification Awards
Martin County receives most awards in the state for third consecutive year
STUART, FL (August 31, 2010) – The Business Development Board of Martin County (BCBMC) today received word that four (4) Martin Countycompanies are recipients of the 2010 Governor’s Business Diversification Awards, a statewide program that recognizes Floridacompanies in emerging and high-technology industries for their contributions to Florida’s economic growth. Coordinated by Enterprise Florida, the awards presentation is held by the Governor annually during Florida’s Industry Appreciation Week (September 20-24, 2010) in Tallahassee.
The 2010 winners of Governor’s Business Diversification Awards from Martin County are UCT Coatings, Inc. in the Innovation category; Level 3 Inspection, LLC in the Entrepreneurship category; Gulfstream Aluminum and Shutter Corporation in the Export Excellence category; and Liberator Medical Supply, Inc. in the Business Expansion category.
Companies that vied for the Governor’s Business Diversification Awards competed with other companies, organizations, universities and colleges in markets similar to their own size. The market classifications were: Mid Market (county population up to 75,000); Major Market (county population 75,001 to 750,000); and Mega Market (county population 750,001 and higher).
Martin County was the only county in the state to have four award winners. This is the third consecutive year that Martin Countyhad more award winners than any other county in Floridaand the fourth consecutive year that Martin County companies received awards. In 2007, Elliott Energy MicroTurbines, now Calnetix Power Solutions, received the Governor’s Business Diversification Award in Export Excellence. In 2008, Sol, Inc. (Export Excellence); Advanced Technologies Group, Inc. (Innovation); and Ecosphere Technologies, Inc. (Green-To- Gold) received Governor’s awards in the noted categories. Winners for 2009 were Waterblasting Technologies, Inc. (Export Excellence); SystemsOne, LLC (Entrepreneurship); Seatorque Control Systems, LLC (Business Innovation); and CSA International, Inc. (Green-To-Gold).
“It is an unprecedented honor to have more award-winning companies that any other county in the state for the third consecutive year. This is a testament to a strong base of innovation and entrepreneurship that thrives in Martin County.” remarked Ron Bunch, executive director of the Business Development Board of Martin County, who facilitated applications for all the companies and authored letters of support to the Governor. “We are extremely proud of UCT Coatings, Level 3 Inspection, Gulfstream Aluminum, and Liberator Medical for their outstanding impact on the economy of Martin Countyand their dedication to innovation and expansion. We wish them much continued success.”
Governor Charlie Crist designated the week of September 20-24 as Business Appreciation Week. As part of the celebration, the BDBMC will host a luncheon on September 24 that will recognize the many contributions of local, existing companies from within targeted industry sectors. These companies provide quality jobs, help expand the local tax base and help drive positive economic activity in virtually all sectors of our local economy.
About the Award Recipients
UCT Coatings (Innovation) – A Florida company since 2000, UCT Coatings currently employs 40 people in their facility on Jack James Drive in Stuart. UCT Coatings’ surface engineering products transform the performance of hardware across many different marketplace segments. Its hard, durable, damage tolerant coatings are used in and are in development for the Defense, Forestry, Aerospace, Industrial Tooling, Oil & Gas, Automotive, Clean Energy, Marine, and Medical fields. A brand new state-of-the-art facility is being constructed in Palm City, FLthat is fully automated, large scale, and class-leading in all respects. New high paying, high tech jobs are being created and retained in the area to sustain operations, continue to develop new, valuable technology, and support the company’s growth. www.uctcoatings.com
Level 3 Inspection, LLC (Entrepreneurship) – MartinCounty welcomed Level 3 Inspection to the county this year, when the company announced plans to hire 33 new employees and invest nearly $1 million in its new location in Sawgrass Business Center. Level 3 Inspection is the most proficient user of the 21st century measurement and inspection technologies of 3D White Light Scanning (WLS) and Computer Aided Inspection (CAI). The company pioneered much of the development of these tools, for world-class OEM and supply chain clientele. Level 3 Inspection boasts multiple patent applications in process. www.level3inspection.com
Gulfstream Aluminum and Shutter Corporation (Export Excellence) – Gulfstream Aluminum has been in Floridasince 1979 and currently employs 50 people in Stuart. The company exports 15% of its manufactured hurricane shutters to the Caribbean and Bermuda. Gulfstream is active in the Martin County community, as members of the Stuart-Martin County Chamber of Commerce and Treasure Coast Builder’s Association. They have been family-owned and operated since their beginning over 30 years ago. www.gulfshutters.com
Liberator Medical Supply, Inc. (Business Expansion) – Liberator Medical Supply has announced two expansions in as many years in Martin County. Just this year, they leased Building 30 at Witham Field, invested significantly in building improvements, and added 171 new employees. This expansion brings their total employment to 209 full-time employees with hiring continuing. Liberator Medical was launched in 2000 as a mail order and retail medical supply firm, and is a wholly owned subsidiary of Liberator Medical Holdings, Inc. (OTCBB: LBMH). The company offers more than 5,000 products to Medicareeligible patient populations with chronic conditions requiring repeat orders of maintenance supplies. www.liberatormedical.com
About the BDBMC
The Business Development Board of Martin County is the county’s official economic development organization, and Enterprise Florida, Inc. partner. More information about the organization can be found by visiting www.bdbmc.org.
About Enterprise Florida
Enterprise Florida, Inc. (EFI) is a partnership between Florida’s business and government leaders and is the principal economic development organization for the state of Florida. Headquartered in Orlando, EFI’s mission is to diversify Florida’s economy and create better-paying jobs for its citizens by supporting, attracting and helping to create businesses in innovative, high-growth industries. In pursuit of its mission, EFI works closely with a statewide network of economic development partners and is funded both by the State of Florida and by privatesector businesses.
Jet Engine Parts
Jet Engine Components
More, better, faster is probably the mantra of every manufacturer, especially as it applies to quality inspection.
Level 3 Inspection has found a solution to the more-faster-better inspection dilemma. The company has implemented a SmartFAI process that combines White Light Scanning (WLS) with computer-aided-inspection (CAI).
The combination gives Level 3 the ability to perform more comprehensive inspections on parts in a shorter amount of time. The SmartFAI First Article Inspection (FAI) process involves verifying every feature on the part by comparing it to a customer-supplied part print and 3D CAD model. First-article inspections are done prior to full production release and often while a part is in development.
The Level 3 approach replaces traditional plate inspection or a CMM system with WLS, which can capture and calculate precise 3D coordinates for millions of points in seconds.
CMM captures only a few points in the time that WLS can capture hundreds of thousands, so Level 3 is able to do a more thorough inspection. The results are much more visual and therefore much more easily understood and interpreted.
Turbine blade inspection poses some unique challenges, such as analyzing the twist of a newly manufactured blade compared to the CAD model. This is difficult using a CMM system, which depends on the operator to accurately capture the points that will show whether or not the blade is twisted within the allowable tolerance. Often, there is not enough point data to make an accurate comparison.
Level 3 Inspection has the ability to automate twist analysis. Level 3 can align a cross-section of the scanned model to reference data, and automatically generate statistics on the twist of the blade. Constraints can be placed on maximum rotation and twist tolerance.
Level 3 also provides graphical inspection for turbine blade properties such as mean camber line; max thickness; LE and TE radius; thickness at offsets from the blade ends; wall thickness and chord length.
Level 3 Inspection’s customers are moving quickly to statistically based inspections in which the qualification is based not on a single piece, but on a sampling of parts, new part inspection would take much longer to complete without the ability to automate portions of the process.
Traditionally, studies based on a sampling of parts are done using CMM to generate metrics on dimensions for each part. This is a time-consuming process, since each part must be measured individually. Data is then typically transferred to an analytic program, evaluated, then published.
Level 3 is replacing the CMM-based process with automated trend analysis. Once a part is scanned and a report is saved, Level 3 can automatically generate portions of the capability studies defined by their customer or OEM specifications. Batch processing enables Level 3 to collect data and generate reports on a large number of parts. Statistical analysis tools allow Level 3 to compare parts for pre-defined factors such as repeatability, changes over time, and variations from part to part.
Speed is the key. Speed of inspection is always Level 3 Inspection’s main challenge. Everyone wants the results yesterday and our process is helping us deliver more complete results much quicker.
Contact us today to start getting superior inspection results in shorter time with easier understanding leading to higher confidence
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Our Staff and Officers
Our Sacred Spaces
Music at First Church
Caring Ministry Programs
Advent Prayer Writing
Grief Group
Spiritual Tools for Hope
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Art at First
Facing Racism
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St. Joe’s Soup Kitchen
« LGBTQ Bible Study
Palm Sunday »
Our partnership with St. Joe’s Soup Kitchen began in December 2019 when they joined us at First Church, operating out of our South Wing. The soup kitchen serves all who are hungry – some are homeless, while others’ income simply doesn’t cover expenses. Regardless, they provide an unconditional welcome to all, serving meals every Saturday at 1:30 p.m. throughout the year. Volunteers are always welcome to help with meal preparation and distribution shifts; during the pandemic, St. Joe’s is serving to-go meals, but still welcomes volunteer support!
*Follow the link here to sign up for a shift!*
St. Joe’s is an independent 501(c)3 organization and has served the Greenwich Village community for over 40 years. You can find more information on their website here.
Community, Serve
Sermon: “Joy Unexpected”
Rev. Dr. Mark Hostetter December 13, 2020
Sermon: “What the World Needs Now: PEACE”
Rev. Dr. Greg Stovell December 6, 2020
Sermon: “What the World Needs Now: HOPE”
Rev. Dr. Greg Stovell November 29, 2020
Sermon: “The Cure Against Affluenza”
For more than three centuries, First Church has ministered to New York City through good times and bad. Your gifts make this possible.
Consider membership in this vibrant, active, and growing congregation. Those seeking membership are invited to attend an Inquirers’ Class.
Sign up to stay connected with First Matters–Your weekly dose of spiritual inspiration and the latest on upcoming church activities.
We encourage you to lend a hand as a volunteer in the ongoing programs and events that are a part of our ministry and life together.
An event every week that begins at 12:30 pm on Wednesday, repeating until June 30, 2021
LGBTQ Bible Study
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I Mean…What?!?
Gross Baboons
Fashists & Manzies
The Not Best Dressed List
Social Media Climbers
IMW-TV
Last Five Minutes of Fame
ABE-NYC
“I Mean…What?!?” – Abe Gurko
Dancing With The Stars-ish
Sep 28, 2011Breaking Newzzz
How is Nancy Grace ever going to walk into a courtroom again without everybody snickering.
I have avoided watching Dancing With The Stars since the show first aired. Having given it a try, I knew that Lawrence Welk and Ed Sullivan had nothing on Tom Bergeron. It seemed that whoever created the show was stuck in a time when family entertainment was so corny that it made your teeth hurt. All the stars, and I use the term loosely here, were desperate enough to do whatever the producers asked them to do, most noticeably, wearing clothes that Gypsy Rose Lee wouldn’t be caught dead in. Last night, as a social experiment, a group of us tuned in and what freaked me out at the initial viewing of the show, still holds true. Seeing Ricki Lake in a one piece spandex ensemble with pink frilly trim proves the point that some actors will do anything for the blessed buck. And to make matters worse, or to add insult to injury, in this case to my eyes, Nancy Grace’s cleavage was jiggling and shaking as she sobbed uncontrollably when the judges said nice things about her performance…and I use that term loosely as well.
Dancing With The Stars,
http://imeanwhat.com,
nancy grace,
Ricki Lake.
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Donald Trump: You're Fired
Vote Bitches
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What I Saw Today
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...AND ANOTHER THING
Michele Bachmann’s Way Of Saying Suck It To Al FrankenJan 2, 2018 | Breaking Newzzz, Gross Baboons
New Year…New You…My AssJan 1, 2018 | Breaking Newzzz
LAST FIVE MINUTES OF FAMEJan 1, 2018 | Breaking Newzzz
Let’s NOT Rally ‘Round The Flag, BoysFeb 25, 2017 | It's All About Charity, People We Lerve
KKK Debut Collection @NYFWFeb 12, 2017 | Fashion
Manzie Report – London – Fall 17 – MANJan 7, 2017 | Fashion
All Content © 2021 “I Mean…What?!?” – Abe Gurko
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Search Tables
Search in IPC
Chapter-I
"Title and extent of operation of the Code"
No more details
"Punishment of offences committed within India"
"Punishment of offences committed beyond, but which by law may be tried within, India"
"Extension of Code to extra-territorial offences"
In this section the word offence includes every act committed outside India which, if committed in India would be punishable under this Code.
A, who is a citizen of India, commits a murder in Uganda. He can be tried and convicted of murder in any place in India in which he may be found.
"Certain laws not to be affected by this Act"
Chapter-II
"Definitions in the Code to be understood subject to exceptions"
a.The sections, in this Code, which contain definitions of offences, do not express that a child under seven years of age cannot commit such offences; but the definitions are to be understood subject to the general exception which provides that nothing shall be an offence which done by child under seven years of age.
b.A, a police-officer, without warrant, apprehends Z who has committed murder. Here A is not guilty of the offence of wrongful confinement; for he was bound by law to apprehend Z, and therefore the case falls within the general exception which provides that “nothing is an offence which is done by a person who is bound by law to do it”.
"Sense of expression once explained"
"Gender"
"Number"
"Man" "Woman"
"Person"
Definition of "Queen"
"Servant of Government"
Definition of "British India"
Definition of "Government of India"
"Government"
"India"
"Judge"
A.A collector exercising jurisdiction in a suit under Act 10 of 1859, is a Judge.
B.A Magistrate exercising jurisdiction in respect of a charge on which he has power to sentence to fine or imprisonment with or without appeal, is a Judge.
C.A member of a panchayat which has power, under 5*Regulation VII, 1816, of the Madras Code, to try and determine suit, is a Judge.
D.A Magistrate exercising jurisdiction in respect of a charge on which he has power only to commit for trial to another Court, is not a Judge.
"Court of Justice"
A Panchayat acting under 5*Regulation VII, 1816, of the Madras Code, having power to try and determine suits, is a Court of Justice.
A.Subs. by the A. O. 1950, for s. 14.
B.Subs., ibid., for s. 17.
C.The words and letter "Part A" omitted by Act 3 of 1951, s. 3 and Sch.
D.Subs. by s. 3 and Sch., ibid., for s. 18.
E.Rep. by the Madras Civil Courts Act, 1873 (3 of 1873).
"Public servant"
"Movable property"
"Wrongful gain".
"Dishonestly"
"Fraudulently"
"Reason to believe".
"Property in possession of wife, clerk or servant"
A person employed temporarily or on a particular occasion in the capacity of a clerk, or servant, is a clerk or servant within the meaning of this section.
"Counterfeit"
It is not essential to counterfeiting that the imitation should be exact. When a person causes one thing to resemble another thing, and the resemblance is such that a person might bedeceived thereby, it shall be presumed, until the contrary is proved, that the person so causing the one thing to resemble the other thing intended by means of that resemblance to practise deception or knew it to be likely that deception would thereby be practised.
"Document"
A writing expressing the terms of a contract, which may be used as evidence of the contract, is a document. A cheque upon a banker is a document. A power-of-attorney is a document. A map or plan which is intended to be used or which may be used as evidence, is a document. A writing containing directions or instructions is a document.
A writes his name on the back of a bill of exchange payable to his order. The meaning of the endorsement as explained by mercantile usage, is that the bill is to be paid to the holder. The endorsement is a document, and must be construed in the same manner as if the words "pay to the holder" or words to that effect had been written over the signature.
"Valuable security"
A writes his name on the back of a bill of exchange. As the effect of this endorsement is to transfer the right to the bill to any person who may become the lawful holder of it, the endorsement is a "valuable security".
"A will"
"Words referring to acts include illegal omissions"
"Act" "Omission"
"Acts done by several persons in futherance of common intention"
"When such an act is criminal by reason of its being done with a criminal knowledge or intention."
"Effect caused partly by act and partly by omission"
A intentionally causes Z's death, partly by illegally omitting to give Z food, and party by beating Z. A has committed murder.
"Co-operation by doing one of several acts constituting an offence"
(a)A and B agree to murder Z by severally and at different times giving him small doses of poison. A and B administer the poisonaccording to the agreement with intent to murder Z. Z dies from the effects the several doses of poison so administered to him. Here A and B intentionally co operate in the commission of murder and as each of them does an act by which the death is caused, they are both guilty of the offence though their acts are separate. (b)A and B are joint jailors, and as such have the charge of Z, a prisoner, alternatively for six hours at a time. A and B, intending to cause Z's death, knowingly co-operate in causing that effect byillegally omitting, each during the time of his attendance, to furnish Z with food supplied to them for that purpose. Z dues of hunger. Both A and B are guilty of the murder of Z. Subs. by Act 27 of 1870, s. 1, for the original section. (c) A, a jailor, has the charge of Z, a prisoner. A, intending to cause Z's death, illegally omits to supply Z with food; in consequence of which Z is much reduced in strength, but the starvation is not sufficient to cause his death. A is dismissed from his office, and B succeeds him. B, without collusion or co-operation with A, illegally omits to supply Z with food, knowing that he is likely thereby to cause Z's death. Z dies of hunger. B is guilty of murder, but, as A did not co-operate with B. A is guilty only of an attempt to commit murder.
"Persons concerned in criminal Act may be guilty of different offences."
A attacks Z under such circumstances of grave provocation that his killing of Z would be only culpable homicide not amounting to murder. B, having ill-will towards Z and intending to kill him, and not having been subject to the provocation, assists A in killing Z. Here, though A and B are both engaged in causing Z's death, B is guilty of murder, and A is guilty only of culpable homicide.
"Voluntarily"
A sets fire, by night, to an inhabited house in a large town, for the purpose of facilitating a robbery and thus causes the death of a person. Here, A may not have intended to cause death; and may even be sorry that death has been caused by his act; yet, if he knew that he was likely to cause death, he has caused death voluntarily.
"Offence"
"Special law".
"Local law"
"Illegal"
"Injury"
"Life"
"Death"
"Animal"
"Vessel"
"Year" "Month"
"Section"
"Oath"
"Good faith"
Section 52A
"Harbour"
Chapter-III
"Punishments"
"Construction of reference to transportation"
"Commutation of sentence of death"
"Commutation of sentence of imprisonment for life"
Definition of "appropriate Government"
"Sentence of Europeans and Americans to penal servitude. Proviso as to sentence for term exceeding ten years but not for life"
"Fractions of terms of punishment"
"Offenders sentenced to transportation how dealt with until transported"
"Transportation instead of imprisonment"
"Sentence may be (in certain cases of imprisonment) wholly or partly rigorous or simple"
"Sentence of forfeiture of property"
"Forfeiture of property, in respect of offenders punishable with death, transportation or imprisonment"
"Amount of fine"
"Sentence of imprisonment for non-payment of fine"
"Limit to imprisonment for non-payment of fine, when imprisonment and fine awardable"
"Description of imprisonment for non-payment of fine"
"Imprisonment for non-payment of fine, when offence punishable with fine only"
"Imprisonment to terminate on payment of fine"
"Termination of imprisonment on payment of proportional part of fine"
A is sentenced to a fine of one hundred rupees and to four months' imprisonment in default of payment. Here, if seventy-five rupees of the fine be paid or levied before the expiration of one month of the imprisonment. A will be discharged as soon as the first month has expired. If seventy-five rupees be paid or levied at the time of the expiration of the first month, or at any later time while A continues in imprisonment. A will be immediately discharged. If fifty rupees of the fine be paid or levied before the expiration of two months of the imprisonment. A will be discharged as soon as the two months are completed. If fifty rupees be paid or levied at the time of the expiration of those two months, or at any later time while A continues in imprisonment, A will be immediately discharged.
"Fine leviable within six years, or during imprisonment. Death not to discharge property from liability"
"Limit of punishment of offence made up of several offences"
(a)A gives Z fifty strokeswith astick.HereAmayhavebeating, and also by each of the blows which make up the whole beating. If A were liable to punishment for every blow, he might be imprisoned for fifty years, one for each blow. But he is liable only to one punishment for the whole beating. (b) But, if, while A is beating Z, Y interferes, and A intentionally strikes Y, here, as the blow given to Y is no part of the act whereby A voluntarily causes hurt to Z, A is liable to one punishment for voluntarily causing hurt to Z, and to another for the blow given to Y.
"Punishment of person guilty of one of several offences, the judgment stating that it is doubtful of which."
"Solitary confinement"
"Limit of solitary confinement"
"Enhanced punishment for certain offence under Chapter XII or Chapter XVII after previous conviction"
Chapter-IV
"Act done by a person bound, or by mistake of fact believing himself bound, by law"
(a) A, a soldier, fires on a mob by the order of his superior officer, in conformity with the commands of the law. A has committed no offence. (b) A, an officer of a Court of Justice, being ordered by that Court to arrest Y, and after due enquiry, believing Z to be Y, arrests Z. A has committed no offence.
"Act of Judge when acting judicially"
"Act done pursuant to the judgment or order of Court"
"Act done by a person justified, or by mistake of fact believing himself, justified, by law"
A sees Z commit what appears to A to be a murder. A, in the exercise, to the best of his judgment exerted in good faith, of the power which the law gives to all persons of apprehending murderers in the fact, seizes Z, in order to bring Z before the proper authorities. A has committed no offence, though it may turn out that Z was acting in self-defence.
"Accident in doing a lawful act"
A is at work with a hatchet; the head flies off and kills a man who is standing by. Here, if there was no want of proper caution on the part of A, his act is excusable and not an offence.
"Act likely to cause harm, but done without criminal intent, and to prevent other harm"
It is a question of fact in such a case whether the harm to be prevented or avoided was of such a nature and so imminent as to justify or excuse the risk of doing the act with the knowledge that it was likely to cause harm.
(a) A, the captain of a steam vessel, suddenly and without any fault or negligence on his part, finds himself in such a position that, before he can stop his vessel, he must inevitably run down a boat B, with twenty or thirty passengers on board, unless he changes the course of his vessel, and that, by changing his course, he must incur risk of running down a boat C with only two passengers on board, which he may possibly clear. Here, if A alters his course without any intention to run down the boat C and in good faith for the purpose of avoiding the danger to the passengers in the boat B, he is not guilty of an offence, though he may run down the boat C by doing an which he knew was likely to cause that effect, if it be found as a matter of fact that the danger which he intended to avoid was such as to excuse him in incurring the risk of running down C. (b) A, in a great fire, pulls down houses in order to prevent the conflagration from spreading. He does this with the intention in good faith of saving human life or property. Here, if it be found that the harm to be prevented was of such a nature and so imminent as to excuse A's act, A is not guilty of the offence.
"Act of a child under seven years of age"
"Act of a child above seven and under twelve of immature understanding."
"Act of a person of unsound mind"
"Act of a person incapable of judgment by reason of intoxication caused against his will"
"Offence requiring a particular intent or knowledge committed by one who is intoxicated"
"Act not intended and not known to be likely to cause death or grievous hurt, done by consent"
A and Z agree to fence with each other for amusement. This agreement implies the consent of each to suffer any harm which, in the course of such fencing, may be caused without foul play; and if A, while playing fairly, hurts Z, A commits no offence.
"Act not intended to cause death, done by consent in good faith for person's benefit"
A, a surgeon, knowing that a particular operation is likely to cause the death of Z, who suffers under the painful complaint, but not intending to cause Z's death, and intending, in good faith, Z's benefit, performs that operation on Z, with Z's consent. A has committed no offence.
"Act done in good faith for benefit of child or insane person, by or by consent of guardian"
A, in good faith, for his child's benefit without his child's consent, has his child cut for the stone by a surgeon knowing it to be likely that the operation will cause the child's death, but not intending to cause the child's death. A is within the exception, in as much as his object was the cure of the child.
"Consent known to be given under fear or misconception"
"Exclusion of acts which are offences independently of harm cause"
Causing miscarriage (unless caused in good faith for the purpose of saving the life of the woman) is offence inexpediently of any harm which it may cause or be intended to cause to the woman. Therefore, it is not an offence "by reason of such harm"; and the consent of the woman or of her guardian to the causing of such miscarriage does not justify the act.
"Act done in good faith for benefit of a person without consent"
(a) Z is thrown from his horse, and is insensible. A, a surgeon, finds that Z requires to be trepanned. A, not intending Z's death, but in good faith, for Z's benefit, performs the trepan before Z recovers his power of judging for himself. A has committed no offence. (b) Z is carried off by a tiger. A fires at the tiger knowing it to be likely that the shot may kill Z, but not intending to kill Z, and in good faith intending Z's benefit. A's ball gives Z a mortal wound. A has committed no offence. (c) A, a surgeon, sees a child suffer an accident which is likely to prove fatal unless an operation be immediately performed. There is not time to apply to the child's guardian. A performs the operation in spite of the entreaties of the child, intending, in good faith, the child's benefit. A has committed no offence. (d) A is in a house which is on fire, with Z, a child. People below hold out a blanket. A drops the child, from the house-top, knowing it to be likely that the fall may kill the child, but not intending to kill the child, and intending, in good faith, the child's benefit. Here, even if the child is killed by the fall, A has committed no offence. Explanation.-Mere pecuniary benefit is not benefit within the meaning of sections 88 89 and 92.
"Communication made in good faith"
A, a surgeon, in good faith, communicates to a patient his opinion that he cannot live. The patient dies in consequence of the shock. A has committed no offence, though he knew it to be likely that the communication might cause the patient's death.
"Act to which a person is compelled by threats"
A person who, of his own accord, or by reason of a threat of being beaten, joins a gang of dacoits, knowing their character, is not entitled to the benefit of this exception, on the ground of his having been compelled by his associates to do anything that is an offence by law. A person seized by a gang of dacoits, and forced, by threat of instant death, to do a thing which is an offence by law; for example, a smith compelled to take his tools and to force the door of a house for the dacoits to enter and plunder it, is entitled to the benefit of this exception.
"Act causing slight harm"
"Things done in private defence"
"Right of private defence of the body and of property"
"Right of private defence against the act of a person of unsound mind, etc"
(a) Z, under the influence of madness, attempts to kill A; Z is guilty of no offence. But A has the same right of private defence which he would have if Z were sane. (b) A enters by night a house which he is legally entitled to enter. Z, in good faith, taking A for a house-breaker, attacks A. Here Z, by attacking A under this misconception, commits no offence. But A has the same right of private defence against Z, which he would have if Z were not acting under that misconception.
"Acts against which there is no right of private defence"
A person is not deprived of the right of private defence against an act done, or attempted to be done, by a public servant, as such, unless he knows or has reason to believe, that the person doing the act is such public servant. A person is not deprived of the right of private defence against an act done, or attempted to be done, by the direction of a public servant, unless he knows, or has reason to believe, that the person doing the act is acting by such direction, or unless such person states the authority under which he acts, or if he has authority in writing, unless he produces such authority, if demanded.
"When the right of private defence of the body extends to causingdeath"
"When such right extends to causing any harm other than death"
"Commencement and continuance of the right of private defence of the body"
"When the right of private defence of property extends to causingdeath"
"When su"h right to causing any harm other than death.
"Commencement and continuance of the right of private defence of property"
"Right of private defence against deadly assault when there is risk of harm to innocent person"
A is attacked by a mob who attempt to murder him. He cannot effectually exercise his right of private defence without firing on the mob, and he cannot fire without risk of harming young children who are mingled with the mob. A commits no offence if by so firing he harms any of the children.
Chapter-V
"Abetment of a thingAbetment of a thing"
A person who, by wilful misrepresentation, or by wilful concealment of a material fact which he is bound to disclose, voluntarily causes or procures, or attempts to cause or procure, a thing to be done, is said to instigate the doing of that thing. Whoever, either prior to or at the time of the commission of an act, does anything in order to facilitate the commission of that act, and thereby facilitates the commission thereof, is said to aid the doing of that act.
"Abettor"
The abetment of the illegal omission of an act may amount to an offence although the abettor may not himself be bound to do that act. Explanation 2.-To constitute the offence of abetment it is not necessary that the act abetted should be committed, or that the effect requisite to constitute the offence should be caused.
"Abetment in India of offences outside India"
"Punishment of abetment if the act abetted is committed in consequence and where no express provision is made for its punishment"
An act or offence is said to be committed in consequence of abetment, when it is committed in consequence of the instigation, or in pursuance of the conspiracy, or with the aid which constitutes the abetment.
"Punishment of abetment if person abetted does act with different intention from that of abettor"
"Liability of abettor when one act abetted and different act done"
"Abettor when liable to cumulative punishment for act abetted and for act done"
"Liability of abettor for an effect caused by the act abetted different from that intended by the abettor"
"Abettor present when offence is committed"
"Abetment of offence punishable with death or imprisonment for life-if offence is not committed"
"Abetment of offence punishable with imprisonment if offence be not committed"
"Abetting commission of offence by the public or by more than ten persons"
"Concealing design to commit offence punishable with death or imprisonment for life"
"Public servant concealing design to commit offence which it is his duty to prevent"
"Concealing design to commit offence punishable with imprisonment"
Chapter-VA
"Definition of criminal conspiracy"
Section 120B
"Punishment of criminal conspiracy"
Chapter-VI
"Waging, or attempting to wage war, or abetting waging of war, against the Government of India"
"Conspiracy to commit offences punishable by section 121"
To constitute a conspiracy under this section, it is not necessary that any act or illegal omission shall take place in pursuance thereof.
"Collecting arms, etc., with intention of waging war against the Government of India"
"Concealing with intent to facilitate design to wage war"
"Assaulting President, Governor, etc., with intent to compel or restrain the exercise of any lawful power"
"Sedition"
The expression "disaffection" includes disloyalty and all feelings of enmity. Comments expressing disapprobation of the measures of the Government with a view to obtain their alteration by lawful means, without exciting or attempting to excite hatred, contempt or disaffection, do not constitute an offence under this section. Comments expressing disapprobation of the administrative or other action of the Government without exciting or attempting to excite hatred, contempt or disaffection, do not constitute an offence under this section.
"Waging war against any Asiatic Power in alliance with the Government of India"
"Committing depredation on territories of Power at peace with the Government of India"
"Receiving property taken by war or depredation mentioned in sections 125 and 126"
"Public servant voluntarily allowing prisoner of state or war to escape"
"Public servant negligently suffering such prisoner to escape"
"Aiding escape of, rescuing or harbouring such prisoner"
A State prisoner or prisoner of war, who ispermitted to be at large on his parole within certain limits in 2*[India], is said to escape from lawful custody if he goes beyond the limits within which he is allowed to be at large.
Chapter-VII
"Abetting mutiny, or attempting to seduce a soldier, sailor or airman from his duty"
In this section the words "officer", 8* ["soldier", 9*["sailor"] and "airman"] include any person subject to the 10*[Army Act, 11*[the Army Act, 1950 (46 of 1950)], 9*[the Naval Discipline Act, 12***the Indian Navy (Discipline) Act,1934 (34 of 1934)] 13*[the Air Force Act or 14*[the Air Force Act, 1950 (45 of 1950)]], as the case may be].
"Abetment of mutiny, if mutiny is committed in consequence thereof"
"Abetment of assault by soldier, sailor or airman on his superior officer, when in execution of his office"
"Abetment of such assault, if the assault committed"
"Abetment of desertion of soldier, sailor or airman"
"Harbouring deserter"
This provision does not extend to the case in which the harbour is given by a wife to her husband.
"Deserter concealed on board merchant vessel through negligence of master"
"Abetment of act of insubordination by soldier, sailor or airman"
"Persons subject to certain Acts"
"Wearing garb or carrying token used by soldier, sailor or airman"
Chapter-VIII
"Unlawful assembly"
An assembly which was not unlawful when it assembled, may subsequently become an unlawful assembly.
"Being member of unlawful assembly"
"Punishment"
"Joining unlawful assembly armed with deadly weapon"
"Joining or continuing in unlawful assembly, knowing it has been commanded to disperse"
"Rioting"
"Punishment for rioting"
"Rioting, armed with deadly weapon"
"Every member of unlawful assembly guilty of offence committed in prosecution of common object"
"Hiring, or conniving at hiring, of persons to join unlawful assembly"
"Knowingly joining or continuing in assembly of five or more persons after it has been commanded to disperse"
If the assembly is an unlawful assembly within the meaning of section 141, the offender will be punishable under section 145.
"Assaulting or obstructing public servant when suppressing riot, etc"
"Want only giving provocation with intent to cause riot-if rioting be committed:if not committed"
"Promoting enmity between different groups on ground of religion, race, place of birth, residence, language, etc., and doing acts prejudicial to maintenance of harmony"
"Imputations, assertions prejudicial to national integration"
"Owner or occupier of land on which an unlawful assembly is held"
"Liability of person for whose benefit riot is committed"
"Liability of agent of owner or occupier for whose benefit riot is committed"
"Harbouring persons hired for an unlawful assembly"
"Being hired to take part in an unlawful assembly or riot"
"Affray"
"Punishment for committing affray"
Chapter-IX
"Repealed"
"Reapealed"
"Public servant disobeying law, with intent to cause injury to any person"
A, being an officer directed by law to take property in execution, in order to satisfy a decree pronounced in Z's favour by a Court of Justice, knowingly disobeys that direction of law, with the knowledge that he is likely thereby to cause injury to Z. A has committed the offence defined in this section.
"Public servant framing an incorrect document with intent to cause injury"
"Public servant unlawfully engaging in trade"
"Public servant unlawfully buying or bidding for property"
"Personating a public servant"
"Wearing garb or carrying token used by public servant with fraudulent intent"
Chapter-IXA
"Candidate", "Electoral right" defined
"Bribery"
Section 171C
"Undue influence at elections"
Section 171D
"Personation at elections"
Section 171E
"Punishment for bribery"
Treating means that form of bribery where the gratification consists in food, drink, entertainment, or provision.
Section 171F
"Punishment for undue influence or personation at an election"
Section 171G
"False statement in connection with an election"
Section 171H
"Illegal payments in connection with an election"
Section 171I
"Failure to keep election accounts"
Chapter-X
"Absconding to avoid service of summons or other proceeding"
"Preventing service of summons or other proceeding, or preventing publication thereof"
"Non-attendance in obedience to an order from public servant"
(a) A, being legally bound to appear before the 1*[High Court] intentionally omits to appear. A has committed the offence defined in this section. (b) A, being legally bound to appear before a 2*[District Judge], as a witness, in obedience to a summons issued by that 2*[District Judge] intentionally omits to appear. A has committed the offence defined in this section.
"Omission to produce document to public servant by person legally bound to produce it"
A, being legally bound to produce a document before a 1*[District court], intentionally omits to produce the same. A has committed the offence defined in this section.
"Omission to give notice or information to public servant by person legally bound to give it"
"Furnishing false information"
In section 176 and in this section the word offence includes any act committed at any place out of 2*[India], which, if committed in 2*[India], would be punishable under any of the following sections, namely, 302, 304, 382, 392, 393, 394, 395, 396, 397, 398, 399, 402, 435, 436, 449, 450, 457, 458, 459 and 460; and the word offender includes any person who is alleged to have been guilty of any such act.
(a) A, a landholder, knowing of the commission of a murder within the limits of his estate, wilfully misinforms the Magistrate of the district that the death has occurred by accident in consequence of the bite of a snake. A is guilty of the offence defined in this section. (b) A, a village watchman, knowing that a considerable body ofstrangers has passed through his village in order to commit a dacoity in the house of Z, a wealthy merchant residing in a neighbouring place, and being bound under clause 5, section VII, 3*Regulation III, 1821, of the Bengal Code, to give early and punctual information of the above fact to the officer of the nearest police station,wilfully misinforms the police officer that a body of suspicious characters passed through the village with a view to commit dacoity in a certain distant place in a different direction. Here A is guilty of the offence defined in the latter part of this section. 1.Subs. by the A.O. 1950, for "Zila Court". 2. Ins. by Act 22 of 1939, s. 2. 3. Rep. by Act 17 of 1862.
"Refusing oath or affirmation when duly required by public servant to make it"
"Refusing to answer public servant authorized to question"
"Refusing to sign statement"
"False statement on oath or affirmation to public servant or person authorized to administer an oath or affirmation"
"False information, with intent to cause public servant to use his lawful power to the injury of another person"
(a) A informs a Magistrate that Z, a police-officer, subordinate to such Magistrate, has been guilty of neglect of duty or misconduct, knowing such information to be false, and knowing it to be likely that the information will cause the Magistrate to dismiss Z. A has committed the offence defined in this section. (b) A falsely informs a public servant that Z has contraband salt in a secret place, knowing such information to be false, and knowing that it is likely that the consequence of the information will be a search of Z's premises, attended with annoyance to Z. A has committed the offence defined in this section. (c) A falsely informs a policeman that he has been assaulted and robbed in the neighbourhood of a particular village. He does not mention the name of any person as one of his assailants, but knows it to be likely that in consequence of this information the police will make enquiries and institute searches in the village to the annoyance of the villagers or some of them. A has committed an offence under this section.
"Resistance to the taking of property by the lawful authority of a public servant"
"Obstructing sale of property offered for sale by authority of public servant"
"Illegal purchase or bid for property offered for sale by authority of public servant"
"Obstructing public servant in discharge of public functions"
"Omission to assist public servant when bound by law to giveassistance"
"Disobedience to order duly promulgated by public servant"
It is not necessary that the offender should intend to produce harm, or contemplate his disobedience as likely to produce harm. It is sufficient that he knows of the order which he disobeys, and that his disobedience produces, or is likely to produce, harm.
An order is promulgated by a public servant lawfully empowered to promulgated such order, directing that a religious procession shall not pass down a certain street. A knowingly disobeys the order, and thereby causes danger of riot. A has committed the offence defined in this section.
"Threat of injury to public servant"
"Threat of injury to induce person to refrain from applying for protection to public servant"
Chapter-XI
"Giving false evidence"
A statement is within the meaning of this section whether it is made verbally. A false statement as to the belief of the personattesting is within the meaning of this section, and a person may beguilty of giving false evidence by stating that he believes a thingwhich he does not believe, as well as by stating that he knows a thing which he does not know.
(a) A, in support of a just claim which B has against Z for one thousand rupees, falsely swears on a trial that he heard Z admit the justice of B's claim. A has given false evidence. (b) A, being bound by an oath to state the truth, states that he believes a certain signature to be the handwriting of Z, when he does not believe it to be the handwriting of Z. Here A states that which he knows to be false, and therefore gives false evidence. (c) A, knowing the general character of Z's handwriting, states that he believes a certain signature to be the handwriting of Z; A in good faith believing it to be so. Here A's statement is merely as to his belief, and is true as to his belief, and therefore, although the signature may not be the handwriting of Z, A has not given false evidence. (d) A, being bound by an oath to state the truth, states that he knows that Z was at a particular place on a particular day, not knowing anything upon the subject. A gives false evidence whether Z was at that place on the day named or not. (e) A, an interpreter or translator, gives or certifies as a true interpretation or translation of a statement or document, which he is bound by oath to interpret or translate truly, that which is not and which he does not believe to be a true interpretation or translation. A has given false evidence.
"Fabricating false evidence"
(a) A puts jewels into a box belonging to Z, with the intention that they may be found in that box, and that this circumstance may cause Z to be convicted of theft. A has fabricated false evidence. (b) A makes a false entry in his shop-book for the purpose of using it as corroborative evidence in a Court of Justice. A has fabricated false evidence. (c) A, with the intention of causing Z to be convicted of a criminal conspiracy, writes a letter in imitation of Z's handwriting, purporting to be addressed to an accomplice in such criminal conspiracy, and puts the letter in a place which he knows that the officers of the police are likely to search. A has fabricated false evidence.
"Punishment for false evidence"
A trial before a Court-martial is a judicial proceeding. An investigation directed by law preliminary to a proceeding before a Court of Justice, is a stage of a judicialproceeding, though that investigation may not take place before a Court of Justice. An investigation directed by a Court of Justice according to law, and conducted under the authority of a Court of Justice, is a stage of a judicial proceeding, though that investigation may not take place before a Court of Justice.
A, in an enquiry before a Magistrate for the purpose of ascertaining whether Z ought to be committed for trial, makes on oath a statement which he knows to be false. As this enquiry is a stage of a judicial proceeding, A as given false evidence. A, in an enquiry before an officer deputed by a Court of Justice to ascertain on the spot the boundaries of land, makes on oath a statement which he knows to be false. As this enquiry is a stage of a judicial proceeding, A has given false evidence.
"Giving or fabricating false evidence with intent to procure conviction of capital offence"
"Giving or fabricating false evidence with intent to procure conviction of offence punishable with imprisonment for life or imprisonment"
A gives false evidence before a Court of Justice, intending thereby to cause Z to be convicted of a dacoity. The punishment of dacoity is 4*[imprisonment for life], or rigorous imprisonment for a term which may extend to ten years, with or without fine. A, therefore, is liable to 5*[imprisonment for life] or imprisonment, with or without fine.
"Using evidence known to be false"
"Issuing or signing false certificate"
"Using as true a certificate known to be false"
"False statement made in declaration which is by law receivable as evidence"
"Using as true such declaration knowing it to be false"
A declaration which is inadmissible merely upon theground of some informality, is a declaration within the meaning of sections 199 and 200.
"Causing disappearance of evidence of offence, or giving false information to screen offender"
A, knowing that B has murdered Z, assists B to hide the body with the intention of screening B from punishment. A is liable to imprisonment of either description for seven years, and also to fine.
"Intentional omission to give information of offence by person bound to inform"
"Giving false information respecting an offence committed"
In spections 201 and 202 and in this section the word "offence" includes any act committed at any place out of 2*[India], which, if committed in 2*[India], would be punishable under any of the following sections, namely, 302, 304, 382, 392, 393, 394, 395, 396, 397, 398, 399, 402, 435, 436, 449, 450, 457, 458, 459 and 460.
"Destruction of document to prevent its production as evidence"
"False personation for purpose of act or proceeding in suit or prosecution"
"Fraudulent removal or concealment of property to prevent its seizure as forfeited or in execution"
"Fraudulent claim to property to prevent its seizure as forfeited or in execution"
"Fraudulently suffering decree for sum not due"
A institutes a suit against Z. Z, knowing that A is likely to obtain a decree against him, fraudulently suffers a judgment to passagainst him for a larger amount at the suit of B, who has no justclaim against him, in order that B, either on his own account or for the benefit of Z, may share in the proceeds of any sale of Z's property which may be made under A's decree. Z has committed an offence under this section.
"Dishonestly making false claim in Court"
"Fraudulently obtaining decree for sum not due"
"False charge of offence made with intent to injure"
"Harbouring offender-if a capital offence, if punishable with imprisonment for life, or with imprisonment"
This provision shall not extend to any case in which the harbour or concealment is by the husband or wife of the offender.
A, knowing that B has committed dacoity, knowingly conceals B in order to screen him from legal punishment. Here, as B is liable to 3*[imprisonment for life], A is liable to imprisonment of either description for a term not exceeding three years, and is also liable to fine.
"Taking gift, etc., to screen an offender from punishment-if a capital offence; if punishable with imprisonment for life, or with imprisonment"
"Offering gift or restoration of property in consideration of screening offender-if a capital offence; if punishable with imprisonment for life, or with imprisonment"
The provisions of sections 213 and 214 do not extend to any case in which the offence may lawfully be compounded.
"Taking gift to help to recover stolen property"
"Harbouring offender who has escaped from custody or whose apprehension has been ordered-if a capital offence; if punishable with imprisonment for life, or with imprisonment"
The provision does not extend to the case in which the harbour or concealment is by the husband or wife of the person to be apprehended.
"Penalty for harbouring robbers or dacoits"
For the purposes of this section it is immaterial whether the robbery or dacoity is intended to be committed, or has been committed, within or without 1*[India]. This provision does not extend to the case in which the harbour is by the husband or wife of the offender.
"Public servant disobeying direction of law with intent to save person from punishment or property from forfeiture"
"Public servant framing incorrect record or writing with intent to save person from punishment or property from forfeiture"
"Public servant in judicial proceeding corruptly making report, etc., contrary to law"
"Commitment for trial or confinement by person having authority who knows that he is acting contrary to law"
"Intentional omission to apprehend on the part of public servant bound to apprehend"
"Intentional omission to apprehend on the part of public servant bound to apprehend person under sentence or lawfully committed"
"Escape from confinement or custody negligently suffered by publicservant"
The punishment in this section is in addition to the punishment for which the person to be apprehended or detained in custody was liable for the offence with which he was charged, or of which he was convicted.
"Resistance or obstruction by a person to his lawful apprehension"
"Resistance or obstruction to lawful apprehension of another person"
"Omission to apprehend, or sufferance of escape, on part of public servant, in cases not otherwise, provided for'
"Resistance or obstruction to lawful apprehension, or escape or rescue in cases not otherwise provided for"
"Violation of condition of remission of punishment"
"Intentional insult or interruption to public servant sitting in judicial proceeding"
"Disclosure of identity of the victim of certain offences, etc"
For the purposes of this sub-section, recognised welfare institution or organisation means a social welfare institution or organisation recognised in this behalf by the Central or State Government.
"Personation of a juror or assessor"
Chapter-XII
"Coin" "defined"
(a) Cowries are not coin. (b) Lumps of unstamped copper, though used as money, are not coin. (c)Medals are not coin, inasmuch as they are not intended to be used as money. (d) The coin denominated as the Company's rupee is 3[Indiancoin].
"Counterfeiting coin"
A person commits this offence who intending to practise deception, or knowing it to be likely that deception will thereby be practised, causes a genuine coin to appear like a different coin.
"Counterfeiting Indian coin"
"Making or selling instrument for counterfeiting coin"
"Making or selling instrument for counterfeiting Indian coin"
"Possession of instrument or material for the purpose of using the same for counterfeiting coin"
"Abetting in India the counterfeiting out of India of coin"
"Import or export of counterfeit coin"
"Import or export of counterfeits of the Indian coin"
"Delivery of coin possessed with knowledge that it is counterfeit"
"Delivery of Indian coin, possessed with knowledge that it is counterfeit"
"Delivery of coin as genuine, which, when first possessed, the deliverer did not know to be counterfeit"
A, a coiner, delivers counterfeit Company's rupees to his accomplice B, for the purpose of uttering them. B sells the rupees to C, another utterer, who buys them knowing them to be counterfeit. C pays away the rupees for goods to D, who receives them, not knowingthem to be counterfeit. D, after receiving the rupees, discovers that 156 they are counterfeit and pays them away as if they were good. Here D is punishable only under this section, but B and C are punishable under section 239 or 240, as the case may be.
"Possession of counterfeit coin by person who knew it to be counterfeit when he became possessed thereof"
"Possession of Indian coin by person who knew it to be counterfeit when he became possessed thereof"
"Person employed in mint causing coin to be of different weight or composition from that fixed by law"
"Unlawfully taking coining instrument from mint"
"Fraudulently or dishonestly diminishing weight or altering composition of coin"
A person who scoops out part of the coin and puts anything else into the cavity alters the composition of the coin.
"Fraudulently or dishonestly diminishing weight or altering composition of Indian coin"
"Altering appearance of coin with intent that it shall pass as coin of different description"
"Altering appearance of Indian coin with intent that it shall pass as coin of different description"
"Delivery of coin possessed with knowledge that it is altered"
"Delivery of Indian coin, possessed with knowledge that it is altered"
"Possession of coin by person who knew it to be altered when he became possessed thereof"
"Possession of Indian coin by person who knew it to be altered when he became possessed thereof"
"Delivery of coin as genuine which, when first possessed, the deliverer did not know to be altered"
"Counterfeiting Government stamp"
A person commits this offence who counterfeits by causing a genuine stamps of one denomination to appear like a genuine stamp of a different denomination.
"Having possession of instrument or material for counterfeiting Government stamp"
"Making or selling instrument for counterfeiting Government stamp"
"Sale of counterfeit Government stamp"
"Having possession of counterfeit Government stamp"
"Using as genuine a Government stamp known to be counterfeit"
"Effacing writing from substance bearing Government stamp, or removing from document a stamp used for it, with intent to cause loss to Government"
"Using Government stamp known to have been before used"
"Erasure of mark denoting that stamp has been used.
"Prohibition of fictitious stamps"
Chapter-XIII
"Fraudulent use of false instrument for weighing"
"Fraudulent use of false weight or measure"
"Being in possession of false weight or measure"
"Making or selling false weight or measure"
Chapter-XIV
"Public nuisance"
"Negligent act likely to spread infection of disease dangerous to life"
"Malignant act likely to spread infection of disease dangerous to life"
"Disobedience to quarantine rule"
"Adulteration of food or drink intended for sale"
"Sale of noxious food or drink"
"Adulteration of drugs"
"Sale of adulterated drugs"
"Sale of drug as a different drug or preparation"
"Fouling water of public spring or reservoir"
"Making atmosphere noxious to health"
"Rash driving or riding on a public way'
"Rash navigation of vessel"
"Exhibition of false light, mark or buoy"
"Conveying person by water for hire in unsafe or overloaded vessel"
"Danger or obstruction in public way or line of navigation"
"Negligent conduct with respect to poisonous substance'
"Negligent conduct with respect to fire or combustible matter"
"Negligent conduct with respect to explosive substance"
"Negligent conduct with respect to machinery"
"Negligent conduct with respect to pulling down or repairingbuildings"
"Negligent conduct with respect to animal"
"Punishment for public nuisance in cases not otherwise provided for"
"Continuance of nuisance after injunction to discontinue"
"Sale, etc., of obscene books"
"Sale, etc., of obscene objects to young person"
"Obscene acts and songs"
"Keeping lottery office"
Chapter-XV
"Injuring or defiling place of worship, with intent to insult the religion of any class"
"Deliberate and malicious acts intended to outrage religious feelings of any class by insulting its religion or religious beliefs"
"Disturbing religious assembly"
"Trespassing on burial places, etc"
" Uttering words, etc., with deliberate intent to wound religious feelings"
Chapter-XVI
"Culpable homicide"
A person who causes bodily injury to another who is labouring under a disorder, disease or bodily infirmity, and thereby accelerates the death of that other, shall be deemed to have caused his death. Where death is caused by bodily injury, the person who causes such bodily injury shall be deemed to have caused the death, although by resorting to proper remedies and skilful treatment the death might have been prevented. The causing of the death of a child in the mother's womb is not homicide. But it may amount to culpable homicide to cause the death of a living child, if any part of that child has been brought forth, though the child may not have breathed or been completely born.
(a) A lays sticks and turf over a pit, with the intention of thereby causing death, or with the knowledge that death is likely to be thereby caused. Z, believing the ground to be firm, treads on it, falls in and is killed. A has committed the offence of culpablehomicide. (b) A knows Z to be behind a bush. B does not know it. A,intending to cause, or knowing it to be likely to cause Z's death, induces B to fire at the bush. B fires and kills Z. Here B may be guilty of no offence; but A has committed the offence of culpable homicide. (c) A, by shooting at a fowl with intent to kill and steal it, kills B, who is behind a bush; A not knowing that he was there. Here, although A was doing an unlawful act, he was not guilty of culpable homicide, as he did not intend to kill B or to cause death by doing an act that he knew was likely to cause death.
"Murder"
When culpable homicide is not murder.-Culpable homicide is not murder if the offender, whilst deprived of the power of self-control by grave and sudden provocation, causes the death of the person who gave the provocation or causes the death of any other person by mistake or accident. The above exception is subject to the following provisos:- First.That the provocation is not sought or voluntarily provoked by the offender as an excuse for killing or doing harm to any person. Secondly.That the provocation is not given by anything done in obedience to the law, or by a public servant in the lawful exercise of the powers of such public servant. Thirdly.-That the provocation is not given by anything done in the lawful exercise of the right of private defence. Whether the provocation was grave and sudden enough to prevent the offence from amounting to murder is a question of fact.
(a) A shoots Z with the intention of killing him. Z dies in consequence. A commits murder. (b) A, knowing that Z is labouring under such a disease that a blow is likely to cause his death, strikes him with the intention of causing bodily injury. Z dies in consequence of the blow. A is guilty of murder, although the blow might not have been sufficient in the ordinary course of nature to cause the death of a person in a sound state of health. But if A, not knowing that Z is labouring under any disease, gives him such a blow as would not in the ordinary course of nature kill a person in a sound state of health, here A, although he may intend to cause bodily injury, is not guilty of murder, if he did not intend to cause death, or such bodily injury as in the ordinary course of nature would cause death. (c) A intentionally gives Z a sword-cut or club-wound sufficient to cause the death of a man in the ordinary course of nature. Z dies in consequence. Here A is guilty of murder, although he may not have intended to cause Z's death. (d) A without any excuse fires a loaded cannon into a crowd of persons and kills one of them. A is guilty of murder, although he may not have had a premeditated design to kill any particular individual.
"Culpable homicide by causing death of person other than person whose death was intended"
"Punishment for murder"
"Punishment for murder by life-convict"
"Punishment for culpable homicide not amounting to murder"
"Causing death by negligence"
"Dowry death"
For the purposes of this sub-section, "dowry" shall have the same meaning as in section 2 of the Dowry Prohibition Act, 1961 (28 of 1961).
"Abetment of suicide of child or insane person"
"Abetment of suicide"
"Attempt to murder"
(a) A shoots at Z with intention to kill him, under such circumstances that, if death ensued A would be guilty of murder. A is liable to punishment under this section (b) A, with the intention of causing the death of a child of tender years, exposes it in a desert place A has committed the offence defined by this section, though the death of the child does not ensue. (c) A, intending to murder Z, buys a gun and loads it. A has not yet committed the offence. A fires the gun at Z. He has committed the offence defined in this section, and, if by such firing he wounds Z, he is liable to the punishment provided by the latter part of 3*[the first paragraph of] this section. (d) A, intending to murder Z by poison, purchases poison and mixes the same with food which remains in A's keeping; A has not yet committed the offence in this section. A places the food on Z's table or delivers it to Z's servants to place it on Z's table. A has committed the offence defined in this section.
"Attempt to commit culpable homicide"
A, on grave and sudden provocation, fires a pistol at Z, under such circumstances that if he there by caused death he would be guilty of culpable homicide not amounting to murder. A has committed the offence defined in this section.
"Attempt to commit suicide"
"Thug"
"Causing miscarriage"
A woman who causes herself to miscarry, is within the meaning of this section.
"Causing miscarriage without woman's consent"
"Death caused by act done with intent to cause miscarriage"
It is not essential to this offence that the offender should know that the act is likely to cause death.
"Act done with intent to prevent child being born alive or to cause it to die after birth"
"Causing death of quick unborn child by act amounting to culpablehomicide"
A, knowing that he is likely to cause the death of a pregnant woman, does an act which, if it caused the death of the woman, would amount to culpable homicide. The woman is injured, but does not die; but the death of an unborn quick child with which she is pregnant is thereby caused. A is guilty of the offence defined in this section.
"Exposure and abandonment of child under twelve years, by parent or person having care of it"
This section is not intended to prevent the trial of the offender for murder or culpable homicide, as the case may be, if the child die in consequence of the exposure.
"Concealment of birth by secret disposal of dead body"
"Hurt"
"Grievous hurt"
"Voluntarily causing hurt"
"Voluntarily causing grievous hurt"
A, intending of knowing himself to be likely permanently to disfigure Z's face, but which causes Z to suffer severe bodily painfor the space of twenty days. A has voluntarily caused grievous hurt.
A person is not said voluntarily to cause grievous hurt except when he both causes grievous hurt and intends or knows himself to be likely to cause grievous hurt. But he is said voluntarily to cause grievous hurt, if intending or knowing himself to disfigure Z's face, gives Z a blow which does not permanently be likely to cause grievous hurtgrievous hurt of another kind.
"Punishment for voluntarily causing hurt"
"Punishment for voluntarily causing grievous hurt"
"Voluntarily causing grievous hurt by dangerous weapons or means"
"Voluntarily causing hurt to extort property, or to constrain to an illegal to an act"
"Causing hurt by means of poison, etc., with intent to commit and offence"
"Voluntarily causing grievous hurt to extort property, or to constrain to an illegal act"
"Voluntarily causing hurt to extort confession or to compelrestoration of property"
(a) A, a police-officer, tortures Z in order to induce Z to confess that he committed a crime. A is guily of an offence under this section. (b) A, a police-officer, tortures B to induce him to point out where certain stolen property is deposited. A is guilty of an offence under this section. (c) A, a revenue officer, tortures z in order to compel him to pay certain arrears of revenue due from Z. A is guilty of an offence under this section. (d) A, a zamindar, tortures a raiyat in order to compel him to pay his rent. A is guilty of an offence under this section.
"Voluntarily causing grievous hurt to extort confession, or to compel restoration of property"
"Voluntarily causing hurt to deter public servant from his duty"
"Voluntarily causing grievous hurt to deter public servant from his duty"
"Voluntarily causing hurt on provocation"
"Voluntarily causing grievous hurt on provocation"
The last two sections are subject to the same provisos as Exception 1, section 300.
"Act endangering life or personal safety of others"
"Causing hurt by act endangering life or personal safety of others"
"Causing grievous hurt by act endangering life or personal safety of others"
"Wrongful restraint"
The obstruction of a private way over land or water which a person in good faith believes himself to have a lawful right to obstruct, is not an offence within the meaning of this section.
A obstructs a path along which Z has a right to pass. A not believing in good faith that he has a right to stop the path. Z is thereby prevented from passing. A wrongfully restrains Z.
"Wrongful confinement"
(a) A causes Z to go within a walled space, and locks Z. Z is thus prevented from proceeding in any direction beyond the circumscribing line of wall. A wrongfully confines z. (b) A places men with firearms at the outlets of a building, and tells Z that they will fire at Z if Z attempts leave the building. A wrongfully confines Z.
"Punishment for wrongful restraint"
"Punishment for wrongful confinement"
"Wrongful confinement for three or more days"
"Wrongful confinement for ten or more days"
"Wrongful confinement of person for whose liberation writ has been issued"
"Wrongful confinement in secret"
"Wrongful confinement to extort property, or constrain to illegal act"
"Wrongful confinement to extort confession, or compel restoration of property"
"Force"
"Criminal force"
(a) Z is sitting in a moored boat on a river. A unfastens the moorings, and thus intentionally causes the boat to drift down the stream. Here A intentionally causes motion to Z, and he does this by disposing substances in such a manner that the motion is producedwithout any other action on any person's part. A has therefore intentionally used force to Z; and if he has done so without Z's consent, in order to the committing of any offence, or intending or knowing it to be likely that this use of force will cause injury, fear or annoyance to Z, A has used criminal force to Z. (b) Z is riding in a chariot. A lashes Z's horses and thereby causes them to quicken their pace. Here A has caused change of motion to Z by inducing the animals to change their motion. A has therefore used force to Z; and if A has done this without Z's consent, intending or knowing it to be likely that he may thereby injure, frighten or annoy Z, A has used criminal force to Z. (c) Z is riding in a palanquin. A, intending to rob Z, seizes the pole and stops the palanquin. Here A has caused cessation of motion to Z, and he has done this by his own bodily power. A has therefore used force to Z; and as A has acted thus intentionally, without Z's consent, in order to the commission of an offence. A has used criminal force to Z. (d) A intentionally pushes against Z in the street. Here A has by his own bodily power moved his own person so as to bring it into contact with Z. He has therefore intentionally used force to Z; and if he has done so without Z's consent, intending or knowing it to be likely that he may thereby injure, frighten or annoy Z, he has used criminal force to Z. (e) A throws a stone, intending or knowing it to be likely that the stone will be thus brought into contact with Z, or with Z's clothes, or with something carried by Z, or that it will strike water, and dash up the water against Z's clothes or something carried by Z. Here, if the throwing of the stone produce the effect of causing any substance to come into contact with Z, or Z's clothes, A has used force to Z, and if he did so without Z's consent, intending thereby to injure, frighten or annoy Z, he has used criminal force to Z. (f) A intentionally pulls up a Woman's veil. Here A intentionally uses force to her, and if he does so without her consent intending or knowing it to be likely that he may thereby injure, frighten or annoy her, he has used criminal force to her. (g) Z is bathing. A pours into the bath water which he knows to be boiling. Here A intentionally by his own bodily power causes such motion in the boiling water as brings that water into contact with Z, or with other water so situated that such contact must affect Z's sense of feeling, A has therefore intentionally used force to Z; and if he has done this without Z's consent intending or knowing it to be likely that he may thereby cause injury, fear or annoyance to Z, A has used criminal force. (h) A incites a dog to spring upon Z, without Z's consent. Here, if A intends to cause injury, fear or annoyance to Z, he uses criminal force to Z.
"Assault"
Mere words do not amount to an assault. But the words which a person uses may give to his gestures or preparation such a meaning as may make those gestures or preparations amount to an assault.
(a) A shakes his fist at Z, intending or knowing it to be likely that he may thereby cause Z to believe that A is about to strike Z. A has committed an assault. (b) A begins to unloose the muzzle of a ferocious dog, intending or knowing it to be likely that he may thereby cause Z to believe that he is about to cause the dog to attack Z. A has committed an assault upon Z. (c) A takes up a stick, saying to Z, "I will give you a beating". Here, though the words used by A could in no case amount to an assault, and though the mere gesture, unaccompanied by any other circumstances, might not amount to an assault,the gesture explained by the words may amount to an assault.
"Punishment for assault or criminal force otherwise than on graveprovocation"
Grave and sudden provocation will not mitigate the punishment for an offence under this section, if the provocation is sought or voluntarily provoked by the offender as an excuse for the offence, or if the provocation is given by anything done in obedience to the law, or by a public servant, in the lawful exercise of the powers of such public servant, or if the provocation is given by anything done in the lawful exercise of the right of private defence. Whether the provocation was grave and sudden enough to mitigate the offence, is a question of fact.
"Assault or criminal force to deter public servant from discharge of his duty"
"Assault or criminal force to woman with intent to outrage her modesty"
"Assault or criminal force with intent to dishonour person, otherwise than on grave provocation"
"Assault or criminal force in attempt to commit theft of propertycarried by a person"
"Assault or criminal force in attempt wrongfully to confine a person"
"Assault or criminal force on grave provocation"
The last section is subject to the same explanation as section 352.
"Kidnapping"
"Kidnapping from India"
"Kidnapping from lawful guardianship"
The words "lawful guardian" in this section include any person lawfully entrusted with the care or custody of such minor or other person.
"Abduction"
"Punishment for kidnapping"
"Kidnapping or maiming a minor for purposes of begging"
"Kidnapping or abducting in order to murder"
(a) A kidnaps Z from 2*[India], intending or knowing it to be likely that Z may be sacrificed to an idol. A has committed the offence defined in this section. (b) A forcibly carries or entices B away from his home in order that B may be murdered. A has committed the offence defined in this section.
"Kidnappin for ransom"
"Kidnapping or abducting with intent secretly and wrongfully to confine person"
"Kidnapping, abducting or inducing woman to compel her marriage"
"Procuration of minor girl"
"Importation of girl from foreign country"
"Kidnapping or abducting in order to subject person to grievous hurt,slavery"
"Wrongfully concealing or keeping in confinement, kidnapped or abducted person"
"Kidnapping or abducting child under ten years with intent to steal from its person"
"Buying or disposing of any person as a slave"
"Habitual dealing in slaves"
"Selling minor for purposes of prostitution"
I. When a female under the age of eighteen years is sold, let for hire, or otherwise disposed of to a prostitute or to any person who keeps or manages a brothel, the person so disposing of such female shall, until the contrary is proved, be presumed to have disposed of her with the intent that she shall be used for the purpose of prostitution. II. For the purposes of this section "illicit intercourse" means sexual intercourse between persons not united by marriage, or by any union or tie which though not amounting to a marriage, is recognised by the personal law or custom of the community to which they belong or, where they belong to different communities, of both such communities, as constituting between them a quasi-marital relation.
"Buying minor for purposes of prostitution"
I. Any prostitute or any person keeping or managing a brothel, who buys, hires or otherwise obtains possession of a female under the age of eighteen years shall, until the contrary is proved, be presumed to have obtained possession of such female with the intent that she shall be used for the purpose of prostitution. II. "Illicit intercourse" has the same meaning as in section 372.
"Unlawful compulsory labour"
"Rape"
Penetration is sufficient to constitute the sexual intercourse necessary to the offence of rape.
"Punishment for rape"
1. Where a women's is raped by one or more in a group of persons acting in furtherance of their common intention, each of the persons shall be deemed to have committed gang rape within the meaning of this sub-section. 2. "women's or children's institution" means an institution, whether called and orphanage or a home for neglected women or children or a widows' home or by any other name, which is established and maintained for the reception and care of women or children. 3. "hospital" means the precincts of the hospital and includes the precincts of any institution for the reception and treatment of persons during convalescence or of persons requiring medical attention or rehabilitation.
"Intercourse by a man with his wife during separation"
"Intercourse by public servant with woman in his custody"
"Intercourse by superintendent of jail, remand home"
1. "Superintendent" in relation to a jail, remand home or other place of custody or a women's or children's institution, includes a person holding any other office in such jail, remand home, place or institution by virtue of which he can exercise any authority or control over its inmates. 2. The expression "women's or children's institution" shall have the same meaning as in Explanation 2 to sub-section (2) of section 376.
"Intercourse by any member of the management or staff of a hospital with any woman in that hospital"
The expression "hospital" shall have the same meaning as in Explanation 3 to sub-section (2) of section 376.
"Unnatural offences"
Penetration is sufficient to constitute the carnal intercourse necessary to the offence described in this section.
Chapter-XVII
"Theft"
1. A thing so long as it is attached to the earth, not being movable property, is not the subject of theft; but it becomes capable of being the subject of theft as soon as it is severed from the earth. 1. Subs, by Act 26 of 1955, s. 117 and Sch., for "transportation for life ". 2. A moving effected by the same act which effects the severance may be a theft. 3. A person is said to cause a thing to move byremoving an obstacle which prevented it from moving or by separating it from any other thing, as well as by actually moving it. 4. A person, who by any means causes an animal to move, is said to move that animal, and to move everything which, in consequence of the motion so caused, is moved by that animal. 5. The consent mentioned in the definition may be express or implied, and may be given either by the person in possession, or by any person having for that purpose authority either express or implied.
(a) A cuts down a tree on Z's ground, with the intention of dishonestly taking the tree out of Z's possession without Z's consent. Here, as soon as A has severed the tree in order to such taking, he has committed theft. (b) A puts a bait for dogs in his pocket, and thus induces Z's dog to follow it. Here, if A's intention be dishonestly to take the dog out of Z's possession without Z's consent, A has committed theft as soon as Z's dog has begun to follow A. (c) A meets a bullock carrying a box of treasure. He drives the bullock in a certain direction, in order that he may dishonestly take the treasure. As soon as the bullock begins to move, A has committed theft of the treasure. (d) A being Z's servant, and entrusted by Z with the care of Z's plate, dishonestly runs away with the plate, without Z's consent. A has committed theft. (e) Z, going on a journey, entrusts his plate to A, the keeper of a warehouse, till Z shall return. A carries the plate to a goldsmith and sells it. Here the plate was not in Z's possession. It could not therefore be taken out of Z's possession, and A has not committed theft, though he may have committed criminal breach of trust. (f) A finds a ring belonging to Z on a table in the house which Z occupies. Here the ring is in Z's possession, and if A dishonestly removes it, A commits theft. (g) A finds a ring lying on the high-road, not in the possession of any person. A, by taking it, commits no theft, though he may commit criminal misappropriation of property. (h) A sees a ring belonging to Z lying on a table in Z's house. Not venturing to misappropriate the ring immediately for fear of search and detection, A hides the ring in a place where it is highly improbable that it will ever be found by Z, with the intention of taking the ring from the hiding place and selling it when the loss is forgotten. Here A, at the time of first moving the ring, commits theft. (i) A delivers his watch to Z, a jeweller, to be regulated. Z carries it to his shop. A, not owing to the jeweller any debt for which the jeweller might lawfully detain the watch as a security, enters the shop openly, takes his watch by force out of Z's hand, and carries it away. Here A, though he may have committed criminal trespass and assault, has not committed theft, inasmuch as what he did was not done dishonestly. (j) If A owes money to Z for repairing the watch, and if Z retains the watch lawfully as a security for the debt, and A takes the watch out of Z's possession, with the intention of depriving Z of the property as a security for his debt, he commits theft, inasmuch as he takes it dishonestly. (k) Again, if A, having pawned his watch to Z, takes it out of Z's possession without Z's consent, not having paid what he borrowed on the watch, he commits theft, though the watch is his own property inasmuch as he takes it dishonestly. (l) A takes an article belonging to Z out of Z's possession without Z's consent, with the intention of keeping it until he obtains money from Z as a reward for its restoration. Here A takes dishonestly; A has therefor committed theft. (m) A, being on friendly terms with Z, goes into Z's library in Z's absence, and takes away a book without Z's express consent for the purpose merely of reading it, and with the intention of returning it. Here, it is probable that A may have conceived that he had Z's implied consent to use Z's book. If this was A's impression, A has not committed theft. (n) A asks charity from Z's wife. She gives A money, food and clothes, which A knows to belong to Z her husband. Here it is probable that A may conceive that Z's wife is authorized to give away alms. If this was A's impression, A has not committed theft. (o) A is the paramour of Z's wife. She gives a valuable property, which A knows to belong to her husband Z, and to be such property as she has not authority from Z to give. If A takes the propertydishonestly, he commits theft. (p) A, in good faith, believing property belonging to Z to be A's own property, takes that property out of B's possession. Here, as A does not take dishonestly, he does not commit theft.
"Punishment for theft"
"Theft in dwelling house"
"Theft by clerk or servant of property in possession of master"
"Theft after preparation made for causing death, hurt or restraint in order to the committing of the theft"
(a) A commits theft on property in Z's possession; and, while committing this theft, he has a loaded pistol under his garment,having provided this pistol for the purpose of hurting Z in case Z should resist. A has committed the offence defined in this section. (b) A picks Z's pocket, having posted several of his companions near him, in order that they may restrain Z, if Z should perceive what is passing and should resist, or should attempt to apprehend A. A has committed the offence defined in this section.
"Extortion"
(a) A threatens to publish a defamatory libel concerning Z unless Z gives him money. He thus induces Z to give him money. A has committed extortion. (b) A threatens Z that he will keep Z's child in worngfulconfinement, unless Z will sign and deliver to A a promissory note binding Z to pay certain monies to A to Z sings and delivers the note. A has committed extortion. (c) A threatens to send club-men to plough up Z's field unless Z will sign and deliver to B a bond binding Z under a penalty to deliver certain produce to B, and thereby induces Z to sign and deliver the bond. A has committed extortion. (d) A, by putting Z in fear of grievous hurt, dishonestly induces Z to sign or affix his seal to a blank paper and deliver it to A. Z sings and delivers the paper to A. Here, as the paper so signed may be converted into a valuable security A has committed extortion.
"Punishment for extortion"
"Putting person in fear of injury in order to commit extortion"
"Extortion by putting a person in fear of death or grievous hurt"
"Putting person in fear of death or of grievous hurt, in order to commit extortion"
"Extortion by threat of accusation of an offence punishable with death or imprisonment for life"
"Putting person in fear or accusation of offence, in order to commit extortion"
"Robbery"
The offender is said to be present if he is sufficiently near to put the other person in fear of instant death, of instant hurt, or of instant wrongful restraint.
(a) A holds Z down, and fraudulently takes Z's money and jewels from Z's clothes, without Z's consent. Here A has committed theft, and, in order to the committing of that theft, has voluntarily caused wrongful restraint to Z. A has therefore committed robbery. (b) A meets Z on the high road, shows a pistol, and demands Z's purse. Z, in consequence, surrenders his purse. Here A has extorted the purse from Z by putting him in fear of instant hurt, and being at the time of committing the extortion in his presence. A has therefore committed robbery. (c) A meets Z and Z's child on the high road. A takes the child, and threatens to filing it down a precipice, unless Z delivers his purse. Z, in consequence, delivers his purse. Here A has extorted the purse from Z, by causing Z to be in fear of instant hurt to the child who is there present. A has therefore committed robbery on Z. (d) A obtains property from Z by saying-"Your child is in the hands of my gang, and will be put to death unless you send us ten thousand rupees". This is extortion, and punishable as such: but it is not robbery, unless Z is put in fear of the instant death of his child.
"Dacoity"
"Punishment for robbery"
"Attempt to commit robbery"
"Voluntarily causing hurt in committing robbery"
"Punishment for dacoity"
"Dacoity with murder"
"Robbery or dacoity, with attempt to cause death or grievous hurt"
"Attempt to commit robbery or dacoity when armed with deadly weapon"
"Making preparation to commit dacoity"
"Punishment for belonging to gang of dacoits"
"Punishment for belonging to gang of thieves"
"Assembling for purpose of committing dacoity"
"Dishonest misappropriation of property"
1. A dishonest misappropriation for a time only is a misappropriation with the meaning of this section. 2. A person who finds property not in the possession of any other person, and such property for the purpose of protecting it for, or of restoring it to, the owner, does not take or misappropriate it dishonestly, and is not guilty of an offence; but he is guilty of the offence above defined, if he appropriates it to his own use, when he knows or has the means of discovering the owner, or before he has used reasonable means to discover and give notice to the owner and has kept the property a reasonable time to enable the owner to claim it.
(a) A takes property belonging to Z out of Z's possession in good faith, believing, at the time when he takes it, that the property belongs to himself. A is not guilty of theft; but if A, after discovering his mistake, dishonestly appropriates the property to his own use, he is guilty of an offence under this section. (b) A, being on friendly terms with Z, goes into Z's library in Z's absence and takes away a book without Z's express consent. Here, if A was under the impression that he had Z's implied consent to take the book for the purpose of reading it, A has not committed theft. But, if A afterwards sells the book for his own benefit, he is guilty of an offence under this section. (c) A and B being joint owners of a horse, A takes the horse out of B's possession, intending to use it. Here as A has a right to use the horse, he does not dishonestly misappropriate it. But, if A sells the horse and appropriates the whole proceeds to his own use, he is guilty of an offence under this section. (d)A finds a Government promissory note belonging to Z, bearing a blank endorsement. A, knowing that the note belongs to Z, pledges it with a banker as a security or a loan, intending at a future time to restore it to Z. A has committed an offence under this section. (e) A finds a rupee on the high-road, not knowing to whom the rupee belong, A picks up the rupee. Here A has not committed the offence defined in this section. (f) A finds a letter on the road, containing a bank note. From the direction and contents of the letter he learns to whom the note belongs. He appropriates the note. He is guilty of an offence under this section. (g) A finds a cheque payable to bearer. He can form no conjecture as to the person who has lost the cheque. But the name of the person, who has drawn the cheque, appears. A knows that this person can direct him to the person in whose favour the cheque was drawn. A appropriates the cheque without attempting to discover the owner. He is guilty of an offence under this section. (h) A sees Z drop his purse with money in it. A pick up the purse with the intention of restoring it to Z, bu afterwards appropriates it to his own use. A has committed an offence under this section. (i) A finds a purse with money, not knowing to whom it belongs; he afterwards discovers that it belongs to Z, and appropriates it to his own use. A is guilty of an offence under this section. (j) A finds a valuable ring, not knowing to whom it belongs. A sells it immediately without attempting to discover the owner. A is guilty of an offence under this section.
"Dishonest misappropriation of property possessed by deceased person at the time of his death"
Z dies in possession of furniture and money. His servant A,before the money comes into the possession of any person entitled to such possession, dishonestly misappropriates it. A has committed the offence defined in this section.
"Criminal breach of trust"
1. A person, being an employer 3*[of an establishment whether exempted under section 17 of the Employees' Provident Funds and Miscellaneous Provisions Act, 1952 (19 of 1952) or not] who deducts the employees' contribution from the wages payable to the employee for credit to a Provident Fund or Family Pension Fund established by any law for the time being in force, shall be deemed to have been entrusted with the amount of the contribution so deducted by him and if he makes default in the payment of such contribution to the said Fund in violation of the said law shall be deemed to have dishonestly used the amount of the said contribution in violation of a direction of law as aforesaid.] 2. A person, being an employer, who deducts the employees contribution from the wages payable to the employee for credit to the Employees' State Insurance Fund held and administered by the Employees' State Insurance Corporation established under the Employees' State Insurance Act, 1948 (34 of 1948), shall be deemed to have been entrusted with the amount of the contribution so deducted by him and if he makes default in the payment of such contribution to the said Fund in violation of the said Act, shall be deemed to have dishonestly used the amount of the said contribution in violation of a direction of law as aforesaid.
(a) A, being executor to the will of a deceased person,dishonestly disobeys the law which directs him to divide the effects according to the will, and appropriates them to his own use. A has committed criminal breach of trust. (b) A is a warehouse-keeper, Z, going on a journey, entrusts his furniture to A, under a contract that it shall be returned on payment of a stipulated sum for warehouse-room. A dishonestly sells the goods. A has committed criminal breach of trust. (c) A, residing in Calcutta, is agent for Z, residing at Delhi. There is an express or implied contract between A and Z, that all sums remitted by Z to A shall be invested by A, according to Z's direction. Z remits a lakh of rupees to A, with directions to A to invest the same in Company's paper. A dishonestly disobeys the directions and employs the money in his own business. A has committed criminal breach of trust. (d) But if A, in the last illustration, not dishonestly but in good faith, believing that it will be more for Z's advantage to hold shares in the Bank of Bengal, disobeys Z's directions, and buys shares in the Bank of Bengal, for Z, instead of buying Company's paper, here, thought Z should suffer loss, and should be entitled to bring a civil action against A, on account of that loss, yet A, not having acted dishonestly, has not committed criminal breach of trust. (e) A, a revenue-officer, is entrusted with public money and is either directed by law, or bound by a contract, express or implied, with the Government, to pay into a certain treasury all the public money which he holds. A dishonestly appropriates the money. A has committed criminal breach of trust. (f) A, a carrier, is entrusted by Z with property to be carried by land or by water. A dishonestly misappropriates the property. A has committed criminal breach of trust.
"Punishment for criminal breach of trust"
"Criminal breach of trust by carrier"
"Criminal breach of trust by clerk or servant"
"Criminal breach of trust by public servant, or by banker, merchant or agent"
"Stolen property"
"Dishonestly receiving stolen property"
"Dishonestly receiving property stolen in the commission of a dacoity"
"Habitually dealing in stolen property"
"Assisting in concealment of stolen property"
"Cheating"
A dishonest concealment of facts is a deceptionwithin the meaning of this section.
(a) A, by falsely pretending to be in the Civil Service,intentionally deceives Z, and thus dishonestly induces Z to let him have on credit goods for which he does not mean to pay. A cheats. (b) A, by putting a counterfeit mark on an article, intentionally deceives Z into a belief that this article was made by a certain 196 celebrated manufacturer, and thus dishonestly induces Z to buy and pay for the article. A cheats. (c) A, by exhibiting to Z a false sample of an article intentionally deceives Z into believing that the article corresponds with the sample, and thereby dishonestly induces Z to buy and pay for the article. A cheats. (d) A, by tendering in payment for an article a bill on a house with which A keeps no money, and by which A expects that the bill will be dishonoured, intentionally deceives Z, and thereby dishonestly induces Z to deliver the article, intending not to pay for it. A cheats (e) A, by pledging as diamond articles which he knows are not diamonds, intentionally deceives Z, and thereby dishonestly induces Z to lend money. A cheats. (f) A Intentionally deceives Z into a belief that A means to repay any money that Z may lend to him and thereby dishonestly induces Z to lend him money, A not intending to repay it. A cheats. (g) A intentionally deceives Z into a belief that A means to deliver to Z a certain quantity of indigo plant which he does not intend to deliver, and thereby dishonestly induces Z to advance money upon the faith of such delivery. A cheats; but if A, at the time of obtaining the money, intends to deliver the indigo plant, and afterwards breaks his contract and does not deliver it, he does not cheat, but is liable only to a civil action for breach of contract. (h) A intentionally deceives Z into a belief that A has performed A's part of a contract made with Z, which he has not performed, and thereby dishonestly induces Z to pay money. A cheats. (i) A sells and conveys an estate to B. A, knowing that in consequence of such sale he has no right to the property, sells or mortgages the same to Z, without disclosing the fact of the previous sale and conveyance to B, and receives the purchase or mortgage money from Z. A cheats.
"Cheating by personation"
The offence is committed whether the individual personated is a real or imaginary person.
(a) A cheats, by pretending to be a certain rich banker of the same name. A cheats by personation. (b) A cheats by pretending to be B, a person who is deceased. A cheats by personation.
"Punishment for cheating"
"Cheating with knowledge that wrongful loss may ensue to person whose interest offender is bound to protect"
"Punishment for cheating by personation"
"Cheating and dishonestly inducing delivery of property"
"Dishonest or fraudulent removal or concealment of property to prevent distribution among creditors"
"Dishonestly or fraudulently preventing debt being available for creditors"
"Dishonest or fraudulent execution of deed of transfer containing false statement of consideration"
"Dishonest or fraudulent removal or concealment of property"
"Mischief"
1. It is not essential to the offence of mischief that the offender should intend to cause loss or damage to the owner of the property injured or destroyed. It is sufficient if he intends to cause, or knows that he is likely to cause, wrongful loss or damage to any person by injuring any property, whether it belongs to that person or not. 2. Mischief may be committed by an act affectingproperty belonging to the person who commits the act, or to that person and others jointly.
(a) A voluntarily burns a valuable security belonging to Z intending to cause wrongful loss to Z. A has committed mischief. (b) A introduces water in to an ice-house belonging to Z and thus causes the ice to melt, intending wrongful loss to Z. A has committed mischief. (c) A voluntarily throws into a river a ring belonging to Z, with the intention of there by causing wrongful loss to Z. A has committed mischief. (d) A, knowing that his effects are about to be taken in execution in order to satisfy a debt due from him to Z, destroys those effects, with the intention of thereby preventing Z from obtaining satisfaction of the debt, and of thus causing damage to Z. A has committed mischief. (e) A having insured a ship, voluntarily causes the same to be cast away, with the intention of causing damage to the underwriters. A has committed mischief. (f) A causes a ship to be cast away, intending thereby to cause damage to Z who has lent money on bottomry on the ship. A has committed mischief. (g) A, having joint property with Z in a horse, shoots the horse, intending thereby to cause wrongful loss to Z. A has committed mischief. (h) A causes cattle to enter upon a field belonging to Z, intending to cause and knowing that he is likely to cause damage to Z's crop. A has committed mischief.
"Punishment for mischief"
"Mischief causing damage to the amount of fifty rupees"
"Mischief by killing or maiming animal of the value of ten rupees"
"Mischief by killing or maiming cattle, etc., of any value or anyanimal of the value of fifty rupees"
"Mischief by injury to works of irrigation or by wrongfully diverting water"
"Mischief by injury to public road, bridge, river or channel"
"Mischief by causing inundation or obstruction to public drainageattended with damage"
"Mischief by destroying, moving or rendering less useful a light-house or sea-mark"
"Mischief by destroying or moving, etc., a land-mark fixed by publicauthority"
"Mischief by fire or explosive substance with intent to cause damage to amount of one hundred or (in case of agricultural produce) ten rupees"
"Mischief by fire or explosive substance with intent to destroy house"
"Mischief with intent to destroy or make unsafe a decked vessel or one of twenty tons burden"
"Punishment for the mischief described in section 437 committed by fire or explosive substance"
"Punishment for intentionally running vessel aground or ashore with intent to commit theft"
"Mischief committed after preparation made for causing death or hurt"
"Criminal trespass"
"House-trespass"
The introduction of any part of the criminal trespasser's body is entering sufficient to constitute house-trespass.
"Lurking house-trespass"
"Lurking house-trespass by night"
"House-breaking"
Any out-house or building occupied with a house, and between which and such house there is an immediate internal communication, is part of the house within the meaning of this section.
(a) A commits house-trespass by making a hole through the wall of Z's house, and putting his hand through the aperture. This is house- breaking. (b) A commits house-trespass by creeping into a ship at a port- hole between decks. This is house-breaking. (c) A commits house-trespass by entering Z's house through a window. This is house-breaking. (d) A commits house-trespass by entering Z's house through the door, having opened a door which was fastened. This is house-breaking. (e) A commits house-trespass by entering Z's house through the door, having lifted a latch by putting a wire through a hole in the door. This is house-breaking. (f) A finds the key of Z's house door, which Z had lost, and commits house trespass by entering Z's house, having opened the door with that key. This is house-breaking. (g) Z is standing in his doorway. A forces a passage by knocking Z down, and commits house-trespass by entering the house. This is house-breaking. (h) Z, the door-keeper of Y, is standing in Y's doorway. A commits house-trespass by entering the house, having deterred Z from opposing him by threatening to beat him. This is house-breaking.
"House-breaking by night"
"Punishment for criminal trespass"
"Punishment for house-trespass"
"House-trespass in order to commit offence punishable with death"
"House-trespass in order to commit offence punishable with imprisonment for life"
"House-trespass in order to commit offence punishable with imprisonment"
"House-trespass alter preparation for hurt, assault or wrongful restraint"
"Punishment for lurking house-trespass or house-breaking"
"Lurking house-trespass or house-breaking in order to commit offence punishable with imprisonment"
"Lurking house-trespass or house-breaking after preparation for hurt, assault or wrongful restraint"
"Punishment for lurking house-trespass or house-breaking by night"
"Lurking house-trespass or house-breaking by night in order to commit offence punishable with imprisonment"
"Lurking house-trespass or house-breaking by night after preparation for hurt, assault, or wrongful restraint"
"Grievous hurt caused whilst committing lurking house-trespass or house-breaking"
"All persons jointly concerned in lurking house-trespass or house- breaking by night punishable where death or grievous hurt caused by one of them"
"Dishonestly breaking open receptacle containing property"
"Punishment for same offence when committed by person entrusted with custody"
Chapter-XVIII
"Forgery"
"Making a false document"
1. A man's signature of his own name may amount to forgery. 2. The making of a false document in the name of a fictious person, intending it to be believed that the document was made by real person, or in the name of a deceased person, intending it to be believed that the document was made by the person in his lifetime, may amount to forgery.
(a) A has a letter of credit upon B for rupees 10,000, written by Z. A, in order to defraud B, adds cipher to the 10,000, and makes the sum 1,00,000 intending that it may be believed by B that Z so wrote the letter. A has committed forgery. (b) A without Z's authority, affixes Z's seal to a document purporting to be a conveyance of an estate from Z to A, with the intention of selling the estate to B and thereby of obtaining from B the purchase-money. A has committed forgery. (c) A picks up a cheque on a banker signed by B, payable to bearer, but without any sum having been inserted in the cheque. A fraudulently fills up the cheque by inserting the sum of ten thousand rupees. A commits forgery. (d) A leaves with B, his agent, a cheque on a banker, signed by A, without inserting the sum payable and authorizes B to fill up the cheque by inserting a sum not exceeding ten thousand rupees for the purpose of making certain payments. B fraudulently fills up the cheque by inserting the sum of twenty thousand rupees. B commits forgery. (e) A draws a bill of exchange on himself in the name of B without B's authority, intending to discount it as a genuine bill with a banker and intending to take up the bill on its maturity. Here, as A draws the bill with intent to deceive the banker by leading him to suppose that he had the security of B, and thereby to discount the bill, A is guilty of forgery. (f) Z's will contains these words-"I direct that all my remaining property be equally divided between A, B and C." A dishonestly scratches out B's name, intending that it may be believed that the whole was left to himself and C. A has committed forgery. (g) A endorses a Government promissory note and makes it payable to Z< for his order by writing on the bill the words "Pay to Z or his order" and signing the endorsement. B dishonestly erases the words "Pay to Z or his order", and thereby converts the special endorsement into a blank endorsement. B commits forgery. (h) A sells and conveys an estate to Z. A afterwards, in order to defraud Z of his estate, executes a conveyance of the same estate to B, dated six months earlier than the date of the conveyance to Z, intending it to be believed that he had conveyed the estate to B before he conveyed it to Z. A has committed forgery. (i) Z dictates his will to A. A intentionally writes down a different legatee named by Z, and by representing to Z that he has prepared the will according to his instructions, induces Z to sign the will. A has committed forgery. (j) A writes a letter and signs it with B's name without B's authority, certifying that A is a man of good character and in distressed circumstances from unforeseen misfortune, intending bymeans of such letter to obtain alms from Z and other persons. Here, as A made a false document in order to induce Z to part with property, A has committed forgery. (k) A without B's authority writes a letter and signs it in B's name certifying to A's character, intending thereby to obtain employment under Z. A has committed forgery inasmuch as he intended to deceive Z by the forged certificate, and thereby to induce Z to enter into an express or implied contract for service. (l) A signs his own name to a bill of exchange, intending that it may be believed that the bill was drawn by another person of the same name. A has committed forgery. (m) A writes the word "accepted" on a piece of paper and signs it with Z's name, in order that B may afterwards write on the paper a bill of exchange drawn by B upon Z, and negotiate the bills as though it had been accepted by Z. A is guilty of forgery; and if B, knowing the fact, draws the bill upon the paper pursuant to A's intention, B is also guilty of forgery. (n) A picks up a bill of exchange payable to the order of a different person of the same name. A endorses the bill in his own name, intending to cause it to be believed that it was endorsed by the person to whose order it was payable; here A has committed forgery. (o) A purchases an estate sold under execution of a decree against B. B, after the seizure of the estate, in collusion with Z, executes a lease of the estate to Z at a nominal rent and for a long period and dates the lease six months prior to the seizure, with intent to defraud A, and to cause it to be believed that the lease was granted before the seizure. B, though he executes the lease in his own name, commits forgery by antedating it. (p) A, a trader, in anticipation of insolvency, lodges effects with B for A's benefit, and with intent to defraud his creditors; and in order to give a colour to the transaction, writes a promissory note binding himself to pay to B a sum for value received, and antedates the note, intending that it may be believed to have been made before A was on the point of insolvency. A has committed forgery under the first head of the definition. (q)A draws a bill of exchange upon a fictious person, and fraudulently accepts the bill in the name of such fictitious person with intent to negotiate it. A commits forgery.
"Punishment for forgery"
"Forgery of record of Court or of public register"
"Forgery of valuable security, will"
"Forgery for purpose of cheating"
"Forgery for purpose of harming reputation"
"Forged document"
"Using as genuine a forged document"
"Making or possessing counterfeit seal, etc., with intent to commit forgery punishable under section 467"
"Making or possessing counterfeit seal, etc., with intent to commit forgery punishable otherwise"
"Having possession of document described in section 466 or 467, knowing it to be forged and intending to use it genuine"
"Counterfeiting device or mark used for authenticating documents described in section 467, or possessing counterfeit marked material"
"Counterfeiting device or mark used for authenticating documents other than those described in section 467, or possessing counterfeit marked material"
"Fraudulent cancellation, destruction, etc., of will, authority to adopt, or valuable security"
"Falsification of accounts"
It shall be sufficient in any charge under this section to allege a general intent to defraud without naming anyparticular person intended to be defrauded or specifying anyparticular sum of money intended to be the subject of the fraud, or any particular day on which the offence was committed.
"Property mark"
"Using a false property mark"
"Punishment for using a false property mark"
"Counterfeiting a property mark used by another"
"Counterfeiting a mark used by a public servant"
"Making or possession of any instrument for counterfeiting a property mark"
"Selling goods marked with a counterfeit property mark"
"Making a false mark upon any receptacle containing goods"
"Punishment for making use of any such false mark"
"Tampering with property mark with intent to cause injury"
"Counterfeiting currency-notes or bank-notes"
For the purposes of this section and of sections 489B, 3*[489C, 489D and 489E], the expression "bank-note" means a promissory note or engagement for the payment of money to bearer on demand issued by any person carrying on the business of banking in any part of the world, or issued by or under the authority of any State or Sovereign Power, and intended to be used as equivalent to, or as a substitute for money.
"Using as genuine, forged or counterfeit currency-notes or bank-notes"
"Possession of forged or counterfeit currency-notes or bank-note"
"Making or possessing instruments or materials for forging or counterfeiting currency notes or bank-notes"
"Making or using documents resembling currency-notes or bank-notes"
Chapter-XIX
"Preach of contract of service during voyage or journey"
"Breach of contract to attend on and supply wants of helpless person"
"Breach of contract to serve at distant place to which servant is conveyed at master's expense"
Chapter-XX
"Cohabitation caused by a man deceitfully inducing a belief of lawful marriage"
"Marrying again during lifetime of husband or wife"
"Same offence with concealment of former marriage from person with whom subsequent marriage is contracted"
"Marriage ceremony fraudulently gone through without lawful marriage"
"Adultery"
"Enticing or taking away or detaining with criminal intent a married woman"
Chapter-XXA
"Husband or relative of husband of a woman subjecting her to cruelty"
For the purposes of this section, "cruelty" means- (a) any wilful conduct which is of such a nature as is likely to drive the woman to commit suicide or to cause grave injury or danger to life, limb or health (whether mental or physical) of the woman; or (b) harassment of the woman where such harassment is with a view to coercing her or any person related to her to meet any unlawful demand for any property or valuable security or is on account of failure by her or any person related to her to meet such demand.
Chapter-XXI
"Defamation"
1. It may amount to defamation to impute anything to a deceased person, if the imputation would harm the reputation of that person if living, and is intended to be hurtful to the fellings of his family or other near relatives. 2. It may amount to defamation to make an imputation concerning a company or an association or collection of persons as such. 3. An imputation in the form of an alternative or expressed ironically, may amount to defamation. 4. No imputation is said to harm a person'sreputation, unless that imputation directly or indirectly, in the estimation of others, lowers the moral or intellectual character of that person, or lowers the character of that person in respect of his caste or of his calling, or lowers the credit of that person, or causes it to be believed that the body of that person is in a lothsome state, or in a state generally considered as disgraceful. 5. A Justice of the Peace or other officer holding an enquiry in open Court preliminary to a trial in a Court of Justice, is a Court within the meaning of the above section. 6. A performance may be submitted to the judgment of the public expressly or by acts on the part of the author which imply such submission to the judgment of the public.
(a) A says-"Z is an honest man; he never stole B's watch",intending to cause it to be believed that Z did steal B's watch. This is defamation, unless it fall within one of the exceptions. (b) A is asked who stole B's watch. A points to Z, intending to cause it to be believed that Z stole B's watch. This is defamation, unless it fall within one of the exceptions. (c) A draws a picture of Z running away with B's watch,intending it to be believed that Z stole B's watch. This is defamation, unless it fall within one of the exceptions. (d) It is not defamation in A to express in good faith any opinion whatever resepting Z's conduct in petitioning Government on a public question, in signing a requisition for a meeting on a public question, in presiding or attending at such meeting, in forming or joining any society which invites the public support, in voting or canvassing for a particular candidate for any situation in the efficient discharge of the duties of which the public is interested. (e) A says-"I think Z's evidence on that trial is so contradictory that he must be stupid or dishonest." A is within this exception if he says this in good faith, inasmuch as the opinion which he expresses respects Z's character as it appears in Z's conduct as a witness, and no farther. (f) But if A says-"I do not believe what Z asserted at that trial because I know him to be a man without veracity"; A is not within this exception, inasmuch as the opinion which expresses of Z's character, is an opinion not founded on Z's conduct as a witness. (g) A person who publishes a book, submits that book to the judgment of the public. (h) A person who makes a speech in public, submits that speech to the judgment of the public. (i) An actor or singer who appears on a public stage, submits his acting or singing to the judgment of the public. (j) A says of a book published by Z-"Z's book is foolish; Z must be a weak man. Z's book is indecent; Z must be a man of impure mind." A is within the exception, if he says this in good faith, inasmuch as the opinion which he expresses of Z respects Z's character only so far as it appears in Z's book, and no further. (k) But if A says-"I am not surprised that Z's book is foolish and indecent, for he is a weak man and a libertine." A is not within this exception, inasmuch as the opinion which he expresses of Z's character is an opinion not founded on Z's book.
"Punishment for defamation"
"Printing or engraving matter known to be defamatory"
"Sale of printed or engraved substance containing defamatory matter"
Chapter-XXII
"Criminal intimidation"
A threat to injure the reputation of any deceased person in whom the person threatened is interested, is within this section.
A, for the purpose of inducing B to resist from prosecuting a civil suit, threatens to burn B's house. A is guilty of criminal intimidation.
"Intentional insult with intent to provoke breach of the peace"
"Statements conducing public mischief"
"Punishment for criminal intimidation"
"Criminal intimidation by an anonymous communication"
"Act caused by inducing person to believe that he will be rendered an object of the Divine displeasure"
(a) A sits dhurna at Z's door with the intention of causing it to be believed that, by so sitting, he renders Z an object of Divine displeasure. A has committed the offence defined in this section. (b) A threatens Z that, unless Z performs a certain act, A will kill one of A's own children, under such circumstances that the killing would be believed to render Z an object of Divine displeasure. A has committed the offence defined in this section.
"Word, gesture or act intended to insult the modesty of a woman"
"Misconduct in public by a drunken person"
Chapter-XXIII
"Punishment for attempting to commit offences punishable with imprisonment for life or other imprisonment"
(a) A makes an attempt to steal some jewels by breaking open a box, and finds after so opening the box, that there is no jewel in it. He has done an act towards the commission of theft, and therefore is guilty under this section. (b) A makes an attempt to pick the pocket of Z by thrusting his hand into Z's pocket. A fails in the attempt in consequence of Z's having nothing in his pocket. A is guilty under this section.
2017 © All Rights Reserved. Darshan Institute Of Engineering & Technology | ASWDC
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From Dave Fisher <dave2w...@comcast.net>
Subject Re: [VOTE] Release Apache Daffodil (incubating) 2.3.0-rc1
Date Sat, 23 Feb 2019 20:23:36 GMT
Hi Craig,
On Feb 22, 2019, at 4:12 PM, Craig Russell <apache.clr@gmail.com> wrote:
>> On Feb 19, 2019, at 1:18 PM, Dave Fisher <dave2wave@comcast.net> wrote:
>> Hi -
>> (1) To be fixed on the next release:
>> (a) Please do not include the KEYS file in the source release zip. Refer the users
back to the location: https://dist.apache.org/repos/dist/release/incubator/daffodil/KEYS <https://dist.apache.org/repos/dist/release/incubator/daffodil/KEYS>
> Yes the KEYS must not be distributed in the source release. But the canonical location
for KEYS is https://www.apache.org/dist/incubator/daffodil/KEYS <https://www.apache.org/dist/incubator/daffodil/KEYS>
> The dist.apache.org url is not for public use.
Thanks for the friendly reminder. I’ll need to flag for follow up with some podlings where
I may have given incorrect advice.
> Craig
>> (b) Discuss vendor specific tests that are name *ibm* and *tresys* on dev@daffodil.
I think it would help community building to have something more feature specific, but I could
be wrong.
>> (2) Rat Check passes.
>> (3) All Signatures pass.
>> (4) All Checksums pass.
>> (5) LICENSE, NOTICE and DISCLAIMER look good. (MSI was not checked. I do not have
a windows machine available.)
>> (6) Compiles
>> (7) sbt test “runs”. I did have a large number of OOM and other errors and they
took over 3 hours to run on a MacBook Pro with the latest macOS.
>> (8) sbt it:test worked well.
>> +1 to all packages except for MSI.
>> +0 on MSI binary convenience package - I cannot check it.
>> Regards,
>> Dave
>>> On Feb 19, 2019, at 5:21 AM, Steve Lawrence <slawrence@apache.org> wrote:
>>> Hi all,
>>> The Apache Daffodil community has voted and approved the proposed
>>> release of Apache Daffodil (incubating) 2.3.0-rc1.
>>> We now kindly request the Incubator PMC members review and vote on this
>>> incubator release.
>>> Daffodil is an open source implementation of the DFDL specification that
>>> uses DFDL schemas to parse fixed format data into an infoset, which is
>>> most commonly represented as either XML or JSON. This allows the use of
>>> well-established XML or JSON technologies and libraries to consume,
>>> inspect, and manipulate fixed format data in existing solutions.
>>> Daffodil is also capable of the reverse by serializing or "unparsing" an
>>> XML or JSON infoset back to the original data format.
>>> Vote thread:
>>> https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/0ec1161ad296aebda54e86c219e3f1c4498a7de640c6342e6888aea1@%3Cdev.daffodil.apache.org%3E
>>> Result thread:
>>> https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/a195a77640235501109bdea5ec7fb9a34c6f50644c7173fb8a919989@%3Cdev.daffodil.apache.org%3E
>>> All distribution packages, including signatures, digests, etc. can be
>>> found at:
>>> https://dist.apache.org/repos/dist/dev/incubator/daffodil/2.3.0-rc1/
>>> Staging artifacts can be found at:
>>> https://repository.apache.org/content/repositories/orgapachedaffodil-1008/
>>> This release has been signed with PGP key 36F3494B033AE661,
>>> corresponding to slawrence@apache.org, which is included in the
>>> repository's KEYS file. This key can be found on keyservers, such as:
>>> http://pgp.mit.edu/pks/lookup?op=get&search=0x36F3494B033AE661
>>> It is also listed here:
>>> https://people.apache.org/keys/committer/slawrence.asc
>>> The release candidate has been tagged in git with v2.3.0-rc1 on commit
>>> hash 193c84690401debd93c1f48e39e564fec09e9337.
>>> For reference, here is a list of all closed JIRAs tagged with 2.3.0:
>>> https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/DAFFODIL-2067?jql=project%20%3D%20DAFFODIL%20AND%20status%20%3D%20Resolved%20AND%20fixVersion%20%3D%202.3.0%20ORDER%20BY%20priority%20DESC%2C%20updated%20DESC
>>> For a summary of the changes in this release, see:
>>> https://daffodil.apache.org/releases/2.3.0/
>>> Please review and vote. The vote will be open for at least 72 hours.
>>> [ ] +1 approve
>>> [ ] +0 no opinion
>>> [ ] -1 disapprove (and reason why)
>>> Thanks,
>>> - Steve
>>> ---------------------------------------------------------------------
>>> To unsubscribe, e-mail: general-unsubscribe@incubator.apache.org
>>> For additional commands, e-mail: general-help@incubator.apache.org
> Craig L Russell
> Secretary, Apache Software Foundation
> clr@apache.org <mailto:clr@apache.org> http://db.apache.org/jdo <http://db.apache.org/jdo>
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KHALĪL’S ABRIDGMENT: Bilingual text and explanation by Ustadh Ahmad Ali Al-Adani
Written by Ustadh Ahmad Ali Al-Adani and originally published on The Islamic Community. Republished with author’s permission.
The author:
Name: Khalīl
Father’s name: Ishāq
Grandfather’s name: Mūsā
Patronymic: Abū Muhammad / Abu’l-Mawaddah
Agnomen: Al-Jundī
Reason for agnomen: He was one of the soldiers of the supported circle, and used to wear their uniform as a sign of asceticism and contraction away from the devotees of this world, thereby combining knowledge and action. His ancestry had a long-lasting association with the army. He took part in the military campaign to reconquer Alexandria after the city had been captured by the Crusader enemies in 770 AH
Epithet: Diyā’ ad-Dīn (the Light of the Dīn)
Madhhab: Mālikī (His father, a friend of Allah, was Hanafī, but as his son used to cling to the company of ‘Abdullāh b. al-Hājj, the author of Al-Madkhal, and of Shaykh ‘Abdullāh al-Manūfī, he became Mālikī)
Place of birth: The land of the Kinānah tribe in Cairo, where he grew up and received knowledge
Date of death: 13 Rabī` al-Awaal, 776 (or 767) AH
Place of burial: The main cemetery in Cairo, next to his teacher ‘Abdullāh al-Manūfī
His post-death state: Some seekers of knowledge saw him in their dreams after his death and asked him what Allah had done to him, whereupon he replied, ‘He forgave me and whoever performed my funeral prayer’
His authorial legacy: It includes:
– At-Tawdīh, a large-size commentary on Ibn al-Hājib’s own juristic abridgment, viz. Jāmi` al-Ummahāt
– Al-Mukhtasar
– A concise work on the rites of hajj
Each one of these works has been published.
Author’s introduction
(مُقَدِّمَةُ المُؤَلِّف)
In the Name of Allah, the All-Merciful, the Most Merciful
(بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم)
يَقولُ العَبْدُ الفَقيرُ المُضْطَرُّ لِرَحْمَةِ رَبِّهِ،
The needy slave compelled towards the mercy of his Lord,
المُنْكَسِرُ خاطِرُهُ لِقِلَّةِ العَمَلِ والتَّقْوَى:
whose heart is painfully dismembered due to the dearth of virtuous action and taqwā:
خَليلُ بْنُ إِسْحاقٍ المالِكِي
Khalīl b. Ishāq al-Mālikī, says:
الحَمْدُ لِلّهِ حَمْداً يُوافي ما تَزايَدَ مِنَ النِّعَمِ،
The whole praise belongs to Allah, a praise commensurate with the increasing overflow of blessings,
وَالشُّكْرُ لَهُ عَلَى مأ أوْلانا مِنَ الفَضْلِ وَالكَرَمِ
and gratitude, too, is entirely owed to Him because of the favour and generosity He has bestowed upon us.
لا أحْصي ثَناءً عِلَيْهِ، هُوَ كَما أَثْنَى عَلَى نَفْسِهِ.
I am unable to laud Him. He is as He has lauded Himself.
وَنَسْأَلُهُ اللُّطْفَ وَالإِعانَة في جَميعِ الأَحْوالِ، وَحالِ حُلولِ الإِنْسانِ في رَمْسِهِ.
We ask Him for His subtly-encompassing kindness and His assistance in all the states, also in the state where man lodges in his grave.
وَالصَّلاةُ والسَّلامُ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ سَيِّدِ العَرَبِ وَالعَجَمِ،
May the prayer of ennoblement and the salutation of peace be upon Muhammad, master of the Arabs and the non-Arabs alike,
المَبْعوثُ لِسائرِ الأُمَمِ، وَعَلَى آلِهِ وَأصْحابِهِ وَأزْواجُهِ وَذُرِّيَتِهِ وأُمَّتِهِ أَفْضَلِ الأُمَمِ.
who has been sent to all the nations, on his family, companions, wives and descendants, and on his nation, the best nation.
وَبَعْدُ:
Having said that:
“… says”:
The author chose the present tense (yaqūlu) over the past one because the outward potentiality, i.e. the whole abridgment, was to unfold itself in the future at the time of his inaugural speech, given that its composition was expected to take a long time.
“… compelled towards his Lord”:
Mudtarr means the one who reaches extremes of neediness, whom neediness has coerced, so that he sees neither strength nor power in himself, and likewise sees no intermediate cause he might rely upon save the succour of his Master, as in the case of the person drowning in the sea or lost in a waterless desert.
It is thus more specific than faqīr.
The move is thus from the lower to the higher.
“… painfully dismembered”:
Munkasir means the one who is paining, aching, who is doleful.
It is a noun of the agent from inkisār which originally (= literally) denotes the dismemberment / fragmentation into parts of something stiff / solid / hard.
In this passage, inkisār is used figuratively, based on the fact that pain is occasioned by breaking something into parts.
In rhetoric, this is called majāz mursal (metonymy [1] / synecdoche)
“[H]eart”:
It translates the Arabic khātir, which is here other than a mere “thought” in the mind.
Originally, the word khawātir (plural of khātir) denoted the matters that descend upon the heart (such as ideas and thoughts); it was secondarily extended to the heart itself, since it is the locus by which those matters alight = again an example of majāz mursal or metonymy.
“Khalīl”:
Khalīl is a proper noun (‘alam) originating in a qualificative (sifah) = the one whose quality is khullah, i.e. pure / uncorrupted / undiluted / crystalline affection.
Khullah is also used to signify the khalīl = the person qualified thereby, whether masculine or feminine.
Khalīl might also denote khallah = poverty, indigence, neediness, as in a verse by the famous Arab poet Zuhayr b. Abī Salmā (520-609 AH).
“Grave”:
It translates the Arabic word rams, the original linguistic meaning of which is throwing or casting. It is thus used metaphorically here.
[1] A figure of speech in which one word or phrase is substituted for another with which it is closely associated (such as “crown” for “royalty”) [So long as the close association is not resemblance, for then we talk in Arabic rhetoric of isti`ārah or metaphor; here the link is causation].
KHALĪL’S ABRIDGMENT:
Bilingual text and explanation (2)
We saw in the first part the standard introduction to a classical text by a savant openly acknowledging his slavehood, turning to Allah and sending prayers on the Prophet, Sallallāhu ‘alahi wa-Sallam.
After the normal partition phrase (wa-ba`du), Khalīl goes on to explain the concrete inducement to the work and pinpoint what kind of juristic work he was commissioned to write.
فَقّدْ سَأَلَنِي جَماعَةٌ أَبانَ اللهُ لِي وَلَهُمْ مَعالِمَ التَّحْقيقِ، وَسَلَكَ بِنا وَبِهِمْ أَنْفَعَ طَريقٍ:
A group of people, may Allah make the landmarks of verified truth plain to me and to them and may He cause us and them to proceed along the most beneficial road, asked me for:
مُخْتَصَراً عَلَى مَذْهَبِ الإِمامِ مالِكٍ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ تَعالَى،
An abridgment on the methodology of Imām Mālik, may Allah, Exalted is He, have mercy on him,
مُبَيِّناً لِما بِهِ الفَتْوَى،
clarifying that by which fatwas are given in the school.
فَأَجَبْتُ سُؤَالَهُمْ بَعْدَ الاسْتِخارَة،
I accordingly acceded to their request after entrusting the choice on that to Allah
“… a group of people”:
What is meant by jamā`ah, those who asked Khalīl to pen his famous abridgment, is a group of scholars / devotees of knowledge (three or more): Khalīl did not put pen to paper out of his own accord, following a thought which came upon him independently. He seconded an externalized need, and did so having deemed himself qualified to discharge the weighty task.
“… may Allah make (the landmarks of verified truth) plain”:
Syntactically, abānallāhu is a parenthetical sentence interposed between the verb sa’ala (asked) and its second object / maf`ūl = mukhtasaran [The first object is the yā’ of the attached first person pronoun, “me”].
The verb abāna can be intransitive or, as here, transitive (with the meaning of: manifested; made plain = May Allah manifest or make plain), exactly like the trilateral form bāna + bayyana + tabayyana + istabāna.
“… (may Allah make the landmarks of verified truth plain) to me”:
Read as lī or as liya.
The author mentioned himself first in the supplication, in conformity with the etiquette set out in the Book and the Sunnah:
«ربّنا اغفر لي ولولدَيّ» (Sūrah Ibrāīm: 41).
It is reported that when supplicating the Prophet, Sallallāhu ‘alayhi wa-Sallam, would begin by entreating Allah for his own self. Of course, we are aware of other, less frequent occurrences in the hadith literature where he, Sallallāhu ‘alayhi wa-Sallam, deviated from that standard course and supplicated for specific individuals alone.
“… (may Allah make the landmarks of verified truth plain to me and) to them”:
“To them” = to the group of petitioners. He supplicated on their behalf as a recompense for having occasioned the writing of the abridgment and having thus acted as the medium of the abiding reward for it.
“… landmarks”:
In Arabic ma`ālim, the singular of which is ma`lam, meaning the place where something is presumably found (= its most likely location) and the pointer to something else one extracts from it.
Here, the loci where we expect ascertained truth to be found.
“… ascertained truth”:
More literally, ascertainment of truth.
The word tahqīq is in fact the original (masdar) of the verb haqqaqa ash-shay’a yuhaqqiquhu = to attain certainty about something / to authenticate it in full / to thoroughly ascertain its truth (One can also say haqqahu yuhiqquhu in the simple trilateral form).
The author intended by it both the attainment of certitude and the arrival at a preponderant thought that is equated to it. In this context, certitude or preponderant thought about the correct Mālikī judgments on doctrinal and juristic issues dealt with in the text.
“… (may Allah make) the landmarks of verified truth (plain to me and to them)”:
Ma`ālim at-tahqīq: The evidences leading to certainty in beliefs about inner realities and about practices.
Tahqīq can mean either affirming the truth by establishing the proof thereof or actualized certainty and the like.
Here, the author is supplicating so that Allah might cause him and the inspirers of this text to attain thorough verification of judgments relating to inner truths and actions.
“… may He cause us and them (to proceed along the most beneficial road)”:
The author has moved from the first person singular of the initial supplication to the first person plural of this second supplication. The reference is probably to his dear ones, as a way of fulfilling the obligation of love.
“… (may He cause us and them) to proceed along the most beneficial road”:
The letter bā’ in salaka binā wa-bihim makes the verb transitive, since salaka is used intransitively as well.
Salaka Zaydun at-tarīqa = Zayd went along the path (Intransitive) – “مَن سلك طريقا يلتمس فيه علما سهّل الله طريقا إلى الجنة” (“Whoever treads a path where he seeks knowledge, Allah will facilitate a path to the Garden”), as in a famous hadith.
Salaktu bi-Zaydin at-tarīqa = I caused Zayd to proceed along the path (Transitive).
The letter bā’ in the latter scenario does not indicate that you have proceeded along the path with Zayd, in his company, that is. Its use is transitivity, not accompaniment: it is an instrument by which the verb takes an (indirect) object.
“… an abridgment”:
Syntax-wise, the second object of the verb sa’ala.
What did they ask for? An abridgment.
Morphologically, it is a noun of the patient (= something abridged) from ikhtisār, i.e. conveying abundant meaning through a paucity of words. Conciseness (ījāz) is similar to it.
Why did they call for an abridgment, despite the fact that the well-distended juristic texts of the earlier scholars were easier to understand?
Because the levels of people’s yearning had fallen short of the earlier style (mother-books and their commentaries), hence abridgments had become necessary.
“… may Allah, Exalted is He, have mercy on him”:
Rahimahullāh is a parenthetical sentence of supplication, based on Mālik’s benefaction to the ummah generally and to the Mālikiyyah specifically.
Ta`ālā is a parenthetical sentence to laud Allah by declaring His utter transcendence above and absolute purity from whatever is not a perfection in His respect.
“… clarifying that by which fatwas are given in the school”:
Fatwā is a notification of the judgment of the Law in a mas’alah that is not binding on its addressees, unlike a judicial determination or qadā’.
For some, its meaning here is iftā’, the pronouncement of such fatwas.
For others, what is meant in this case is, rather, the judgment that must find obligatory expression in the fatwā.
“I accordingly acceded to their request”:
The letter fā’ is here causative, i.e. because such group of people had asked me for an abridgment, I complied with their petition, without any harmful tardiness on my part (the fā’, in fact, indicates a brief interlude between cause and effect). As it is said: ‘The best good is the most expedited one (khayr al-khayr a`jaluh).’
“… after entrusting the choice on that to Allah”:
In other words, he engaged in the well-known salāt al-istikhārah.
Having mentioned the reason for his authorship of the abridgment, the result of people’s need for such a condensed text, he then steps into the clarification of the terminology he adopted therein.
We will look into that next, Allah the Exalted willing.
Having explained the motivational genesis of his abridgment, that is, a text by nature tending to cryptic terseness, Khalīl feels compelled to remove ambiguities by explaining core terminology that continuously recurs in the work.
[As for the main body of the text, the most comprehensive work on the author’s technical lexicon is Dr. Muhammad al-Muslih’s Kashf al-Mustalahāt al-Fiqhiyyah min-Khilāl Mukhtasar Khalīl b. Ishāq al-Mālikī, published in Beiut by Dār Ibn Hazm in 2014.]
مُشيراً ب: (فيها) لِلْمُدَوَّنَةِ،
indicating, by the phrase “in it”, the Mudawwanah;
وَ(بِأُوِّلَ) إِلَى اخْتِلافِ شارِحيها في فَهْمِها،
by the phrase “it has been interpreted”, the different understanding of it on the part of its commentators;
وَ(بِلاخْتِيارِ) لِلَّخْمي،
by the term “the choice”, al-Lakhmī’s juristic choice;
لكِنْ إِنْ كانَ بِصِيغَةِ الفِعْلِ فَذَلِكَ لاخْتِيارِهِ هُوَ في نَفْسِهِ، وَبِلاسْمِ فَذَلِكَ لاخْتِيارِهِ مِنَ الخِلافِ،
whenever, however, the verbal form is used, that is a reference to al-Lakhmī’s personal choice, whereas the use of the nominal form is a reference to his choice in contentious issues;
“ … indicating, by the phrase “in it”, the Mudawwanah”:
This is a terminological tool specific to Khalīl, who sometimes refers also to “Al-Umm” (the Mother-Book) and to “At-Tahdhīb”, i.e. al-Barādha`ī’s famous abridgment Tahdhīb al-Mudawwanah.
The reference to the Mudawwanah might be in order to quote a corroboration for the ruling laid out by the author or to indicate the judgment in the mas’alah, such as his statement “and in it we find the meritorious nature of slightly delaying the Night prayer after the entry of its time”.
The source- or mother-books relied upon in the madhhab are, as we know, four:
· Sahnūn (d. 240 AH)’s Al-Mudawwanah al-Kubrā, which is the source of sources;
· The Andalusian Ibn Habīb as-Sulamī (d. 238 AH)’s Al-Wādihah (fī as-Sunan wa al-Fiqh), most of which has been lost due to poor preservation of the extant manuscript [Only sections on prayer and hajj have been published by the orientalist Miklush Murani];
· Al-‘Utbiyyah by the Cordovan Muhammad al-‘Utbī al-Umawī (d. 255 AH);
· Al-Mawwāziyyah by the Alexandrine Muhammad b. al-Mawwāz (d. 269 AH).
“In it” (fīhā):
In the Mudawwanah
“… by “it has been interpreted”, the different understanding of it on the part of its commentators”:
This is another technical term widely encountered in this work. The passive verb “uwwila” (“it has been interpreted”) denotes the divergent way in which the mother-book, the Mudawwanah, has been understood by the scholars who, directly or indirectly, elucidated the meaning of its words.
Ta’wīl or interpretation means for the experts in usūl al-fiqh deflecting a word from its outward meaning to a less preferable possible import, sound if accompanied by a corroborating evidence, otherwise unsound. Khalīl, however, uses it in the sense of clear explanation (tafsīr).
We find thus such expressions as: “Should it be construed as per the outward signification or as denoting obligation? There are two interpretations (ta’wīlān).”
We said “directly or indirectly”. The word “commentators” stands here for the savants who tackled by commentary a specific mas’alah in theMudawwanah, even if they did not write an actual commentary on that book. It might be found in a general legal text, such as al-Lakhmī’s At-Tabsirah, or in a commentary on, say, Al-‘Utbiyyah, Ar-Risālah or At-Talqīn, or in a commentary on the Mudawwanah itself, such as Ibn Yūnus’, or in abridgments of or explanatory glosses on the Mudawwanah, e.g. al-Qādī ‘Iyād’s At-Tanbīhāt al-Mustanbatah.
Understanding (fahm) is more specific than knowledge, as it only stems from corroborating pointers. It is thus obligatorily created in-time, which explains why Knowledge, but not understanding, is an Attribute of Allah.
The focus of commentators is on what the wording used in theMudawwanah signifies. Their different understanding has been described by Khalīl as ta’wīlayn / ta’wīlāt, not as qawlayn / aqwāl (two or more juristic views).
Ibn ‘Abdis-Salām, in his commentary on Ibn al-Hājib’s own abridgment (Jāmi` al-Ummahāt) criticised his tendency, shared by several later scholars in the madhhab but not by Khalīl, to equate the different understanding of the words in the Mudawwanah by its commentators to different juristic views, establishing therefore the existence of a juristic disagreement in the school based on such varied semantic interpretations. Rather, the speech they commented upon is one statement, a single qawl, concerning which they differed as to the exact meaning of the wording used in the text, regardless of whether it is legally sound or otherwise; whereas the holders of juristic views (aqwāl) aim at clarifying the correct judgment in the mas’alah [As a result, they quote for corroboration the Book, the Sunnah etc., not other pronouncements of the Imām, and the contrast in the school is as to whether such formulation of the judgment is confirmed as true or otherwise, not whether the meaning of the wording used in the Mudawwanah has been portrayed correctly or not]. The question with the commentators of the Mudawwanah is thus: Has that one single legal statement (qawl) being construed and passed on correctly?
Put it differently, a commentator on the speech of a scholar is saying, implicitly or implicitly: “This is what the author means”; whereas the proponent of a juristic view is saying: “This is Allah’s judgment in the mas’alah”.
The former need not be a mujtahid in the madhhab, let alone an unqualified mujtahid. All that is required is a knowledge sufficient to understand and convey the meaning of the speech he is commenting upon.
The latter, by contrast, must be a mujtahid in the madhhab or an unqualified mujtahid.
The former does not have to believe or endorse the correctness of what he is explaining through his commentary. Commentators of az-Zamakhsharī’s exegesis Al-Kashshāf have faithfully captured his statements conforming to Mu`tazilī doctrine and, having done that, have then moved to a refuting critique thereof.
“It has been interpreted” (uwwila):
The different interpretations of commentators on masā’il of theMudawwanah concerning the meaning of their words
“… by the term “the choice”, to al-Lakhmī’s juristic choice”:
Meaning the view selected by al-Lakhmī in issues where there is juristic disagreement.
It is, once more, a frequently encountered term in this work.
Al-Lakhmī (d. 478 AH) is Abu’l-Hasan ‘Alī b. Muhammad ar-Raba`ī (an ascription to the tribe of Rabī`ah) al-Lakhmī (an ascription to his maternal grandfather). His family was originally from Qayrawān, though he lived and was buried in Sfax, Tunisia.
A versatile and God-fearing jurist with a penchant for literature and literary refinement, and the teacher of Imām al-Māzarī (who extolled him and used him as proof), he authored, among other works, the splendid and beneficial At-Tabsirah, rich in knowledge, which he modelled after the Mudawwanah.
He was known for an abundance of juristic pronouncements in the school. Given his scholarly boldness, Khalīl began by his legal choices, which on occasions took him out of the Mālikī madhhab, as pointed out by the like of al-Qādī ‘Iyād.
At first, the savants from the sixth and early seventh century did not rely for fatwa on At-Tabsirah, as it had not been taken from him and checked (revised) in his presence. Later, however, accurate verifiers of matters, such as Khalīl himself and Ibn ‘Arafah quoted from it profusely.
The term “his choice” was ambiguous, hence Khalīl decided to shed more light on it in his next sentence.
“… whenever, however, the verbal form is used, that is a reference to al-Lakhmī’s personal choice”:
The form, that is, of the past verb:
· Ikhtāra, “he chose”, in the active;
· Ukhtīra, “it was chosen”, in the passive, as in “but if he performs four units of prayer it would be fine, and it was chosen (wa-ukhtīra)”.
Personal choice means a juristic view advocated by al-Lakhmī without any earlier precedent.
“… whereas the use of the nominal form is a reference to his choice in contentious issues”:
The form, that is, of the noun, either the noun of the agent or the noun of the patient (mukhtār).
Here the choice is the one made by al-Lakhmī, between two or more conflicting views in the mas’alah, in favour of a view that had already expressed before him.
Choice (ikhtiyār):
Al-Lakhmī’s juristic choice
“He chose” / “it was chosen”:
Al-Lakhmī’s novel juristic choice
“The chosen (view)”:
Al-Lakhmī’s choice in favour of one of the pre-existing views
و(بِالتَّرْجيحِ) لابْنِ يونُسَ كَذَلِكَ،
by the term “juristic preference”, Ibn Yūnus’ preference. In a similar vein, whenever the verbal form is used, that is a reference to his personal preference, whereas the use of the nominal form is a reference to his preference for one of the pre-existing views on disputed issues;
وَ(بِالظُّهورِ) لابْنِ رُشْدٍ كَذَلِكَ،
by “outward soundness” what Ibn Rushd deemed so. Again, whenever the verbal form is used, that is a reference to what he personally deemed congruous with the outward meaning, whereas the use of the nominal form is a reference to his approval of a pre-existing view as being so;
وّ(بِالقَوْلِ) لِلْمازَرٍي كَذَلِكَ.
and by “the statement” what was said by al-Māzarī. Whenever the verbal form is used, that is a reference to a novel view he expressed, whereas the use of the nominal form is a reference to his endorsement of a pre-existing view.
وَحَيْثُ قُلْتُ: خِلافٌ، فَذَلكَ لاخْتلافٍ في التَّشْهيرِ،
Wherever I say, ‘A disagreement (exists)’, it is due to the existence of a scholarly disagreement as to which view is the famous one (mashhūr),
وَحَيْثُ ذَكَرْتُ قَوْلَيْنِ أَوْ أَقْوالاً فَذَلِكَ لِعَدَمِ اطِّلاعي في الفَرْعِ عَلَى أَرْجَحِيَّةٍ مَنْصوصَةٍ.
and wherever I mention two or more views in the alternative, that is due to the fact that I have not come across, on the derivative issue, any explicit textual proclamation of the preferability of one over the other.
“ … by the term “juristic preference”, Ibn Yūnus’ preference”:
Here is another common term in Khalīl’s special lexicon.
Tarjīh (“juristic preference”) means to declare a juristic view qualitatively preponderant, i.e. preferable, over another, in a scenario of discordant views.
The verb in the trilateral form (rajaha) originally meant, as typical of the Arabic language in its motion from the tangible to the metaphorical, the concrete outweighing of one scale of the balance over the other. It was later extended to denote the act of lending preference to or fortifying something [Rajjahtu Zaydan ‘alā ‘Amr, i.e. I favoured Zayd over ‘Amr].
In the fiqh, a view is preferred over an alternative one because I have assigned greater power to it.
Ibn Yūnus (d. 451 AH) is the Imām Abū Bakr Muhammad b. ‘Abdillāh b. Yūnus (Yūnus was thus the name of his grandfather he was famously ascribed to) at-Tamīmī, belonging therefore to the tribe of Banū Tamīm, as–Saqallī, the Sicilian, the largest Mediterranean island. He lived in fact there, prior to his relocation to al-Qayrawān, where he resided until 449 AH, when, two years before his death, the social and political turmoil brought about by al-Mu`izz b. Bādīs as–Sanhājī and his proclamation of independence from Fatimid rule, forced him into exile (together with many other savants), precisely to al-Mahdiyyah where he met his death.
He engaged a lot in armed warfare to raise Allah’s word the highest, and was known for his valiant strength.
In Sicily, he learnt from Judge Abu’l-Hasan al-Hasā’irī and ‘Atīq al-Faradī (“the expert in fixed inheritance shares”), both of whom are mentioned in al-Qādī ‘Iyād’s Tartīb al-Madārik.
He authored a work on the law of fixed inheritance shares (Al-Farā’id) and his multi-volume Al-Jāmi` li-Masā’il al-Mudawwanah wa al-Mukhtalatah, both of them recently published by the Beirut-based Dār al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyyah. The latter, one of the most important texts in the school, is a detailed commentary on Al-Mudawwanah and masā’il from other mother-books as well.
Due to the soundness of its exposition of juristic issues and the abundant knowledge gathered in it, it was referred to, as said by al-Mawwāq (a famous commentator on this abridgment), as “the mushaf of the madhhab”.
“… in a similar vein, whenever the verbal form is used, that is a reference to his personal preference, whereas the use of the nominal form is a reference to his preference for one of the pre-existing views on disputed issues”:
The same considerations are applicable here as apply to the term “ikhtiyār” relating to al-Lakhmī.
The verbal form rajjaha indicates a juristic preference Ibn Yūnus first expressed, whereas the nominal forms al-arjah (a comparative noun: the more preponderant, the preferable) and al-murajjah (a noun of the patient: the preferred view, the view deemed qualitatively preponderant) indicate the preference he gave to a view expressed before him.
Preference (tarjīh):
Ibn Yūnus’ juristic preference
“He preferred/favoured”:
Ibn Yūnus’ novel juristic preference
“The preferred (view)”:
Ibn Yūnus’ preference for one of the pre-existing views
“… by “outward soundness” what Ibn Rushd deemed so”:
Another key term recurring in the abridgment.
It means what Ibn Rushd the grandfather, the renowned Cordovan judge Abu’l-Walīd Muhammad b. Ahmad (d. 520 AH / 1156 CE) who authored Al-Muqaddimāt al-Mumahhidāt and the monumental Al-Bayān wa at-Tahsīl deemed congruous with the outward meaning of a foundational narration.
“Again, whenever the verbal form is used, that is a reference to what he personally deemed congruous with the outward meaning, whereas the use of the nominal form is a reference to his approval of a pre-existing view as being so”:
Same as above.
Hence:
The verbal form (istazhara) indicates a novel view of his Ibn Rushd deemed outwardly sound, whereas the nominal form (zuhūr) stands for a pre-existing view he deemed so.
Outward soundness (zuhūr):
What Ibn Rushd deemed so
“He deemed outwardly sound”:
Ibn Rushd’ novel view he deemed so
“Outward soundness”:
A pre-existing view Ibn Rushd described thereby
“… by “the statement” what was said by al-Māzarī”:
He is the matchless mujtahid Imām of the broadly understood Maghrib, Abū ‘Abdillāh Muhammad b. ‘Alī b. ‘Umar at-Tamīmī al-Māzirī or al-Māzarī (d. 536 AH) as it has both been spelled. The correct spelling should be al-Māzarī, as he was originally from Mazara del Vallo on Sicily’s north-west coast. He is also al-Mahdawī as a noun of ascription to the Tunisian town he settled and operated in, al-Mahdiyyah.
A prominent student of al-Lakhmī, whose exceptional talent manifested at a precocious age, in his childhood, he was proficient in fiqh and usūl al-fiqh, hadīth, medicine, arithmetic and literature. People took him as a reliable authority in medicine just as they did in fiqh. It is said that the genesis of his engagement in that science was the fact that he fell ill, and a Jewish doctor who used to treat him said to him, ‘Master, the like of me treats the like of your person, so what act of attaining nearness to the Lord can I possibly find in my dīn if I cause the Muslims to suffer your loss?’. Since then, al-Māzarī devoted himself to medicine as well.
He was a man of good character whose circle of learning was peppered by witty remarks, pleasant anecdotes and plentiful poetical quotations.
One day during his adolescence he was sitting in the company of an imam when news came that it was a day of Ramadān, though the people had not gone to sleep having made the intention for fasting. Al-Māzarī said, ‘This day is not made up according to the view of some of Mālik’s students, based on an anomalous narration (riwāyah shādhdhah).’ His teacher grabbed him by the ear and said to him, in a reproaching tone, that if he went all the way in pursuing that knowledge, a zindīq (heretic freethinker) would come out of him. He then approvingly declaimed the verse: {If you see of the crescent its growth, you are certain that it will become a full moon.}
This is very instructive in an age where half-baked scholars toss around the most eccentrically anomalies in the school, as if they were the equals of “that which fatwā in the school is based upon”.
Apart from his commentaries on Judge ‘Abdu’l-Wahhāb’s At-Talqīn and al-Juwaynī’s Al-Burhān in fiqh and usūl al-fiqh respectively, both of which have been published by Dār al-Gharb al-Islāmī, in the field of hadith his major textual contribution is his commentary on Muslim’s authentic collection, Al-Mu`lim bi-Fawā’id Muslim, the published version of which was edited by my late teacher Muhammad ash-Shādhilī an-Nayfar.
Al-Qādī ‘Iyād built on it for his own elucidation, titled Ikmāl al-Mu`lim. He would first present al-Māzarī’s explanation, and would follow it up with his own interpretative take.
The chain of Mālikī commentators on Sahīh Muslim continued with a trio, the work of each of them bearing the title Ikmāl al-Ikmāl (the Completion of al-Qādī ‘Iyād’s Completion of al-Māzarī’s Al-Mu`lim).
· Abū ‘Abdillāh Muhammad b. Ibrāhīm al-Baqqūrī, a noun of ascription to the Andalusian town Baqqūr. He was a student of al-Qarāfī, whose Furūq he abridged (Al-Habīb b. Tāhir has co-edited it for the Lebanese publisher Mu’assasah al-Ma`ārif);
· ‘Īsā b. Mas`ūd b. al-Mansūr al-Mankalātī (a noun of ascription to Mankalāt, a Moroccan tribe) az-Zawāwī (a noun of ascription to a Moroccan town or to the tribe inhabiting it, Zawāwah). He travelled to Alexandria, Gabès, Cairo, Damascus and back to Egypt;
· Abū ‘Abdillāh Muhammad al-Ubbī (a noun of ascription to Ubbah, a Tunisian village), whose splendid work has been published in Arabic.
“Whenever the verbal form is used, that is a reference to a novel view he expressed, whereas the use of the nominal form is a reference to his endorsement of a pre-existing view”:
Use of the verbal form qāla, as in: “He said, like his doubt about fasting on the day of ‘Arafah, whether it is ‘Īd)”: A reference to a novel of view of his.
Use of the nominal form, the noun of the patient maqūl, as in: “It would not be binding on them, according to what has been said (‘alā al-maqūl)”: A reference to an anterior view al-Māzarī verbalized.
“Statement” (qawl):
What was stated by al-Māzarī
A novel view of his al-Māzarī verbalized
“It was said”:
An anterior view al-Māzarī verbalized
Ibn Ghāzī (841-910 AH), the erudite scholar from Meknes, who penned the irreplaceable Shifā al-Ghalīl fī Hall Muqfal Khalīl, published in two volumes, in 2008, by Markaz Najībawayh, on unlocking the cryptic expressions used by Khalīl in his abridgment, raised and answered therein four interesting questions:
· Why did Khalīl single out for mention the said four savants (al-Lakhmī, Ibn Yūnus, Ibn Rushd and al-Māzarī? Because they abounded in juristic choices within the school, to an extent unequalled by others.
· Why did Khalīl advance mention of al-Lakhmī over mention of Ibn Yūnus, despite the latter’s seniority? Because al-Lakhmī was more prone to daring juristic choices. In At-Tabsirah, in fact, he often quotes the fiqh on the issue and then adds: “As for me, my view is such-and-such”.
· Why did Khalīl make the verbal form a pointer to the savant’s personal (novel) view and the nominal form a pointer to his endorsement of a preceding scholarly view? Because the verb denotes a novel contingency, the occurrence of something new in time, and is thus better suited to express what the savant personally originated at some point in time; whereas the noun denotes something settled, firmly entrenched, and is thus better suited to express an entrenched view advocated by earlier jurists.
Why did Khalīl single them out, respectively, for juristic choice, preference, outward soundness and statement? Because al-Lakhmī exceeded the other savants in (bold) juristic choices he made, as we stated earlier, the bulk of Ibn Yūnus’s ijtihad consisted of preference accorded to a view over another, whereas his own novel views were comparatively rare, which is way, with him, Khalīl makes seldom use of the verbal form “rajjaha”, Ibn Rushd relied a lot (Al-Bayān wa at-Tahsīlmakes it amply clear) on the outward wording of a report in the school, and he achieved a widespread prominence (zuhūr) surpassing fellow savants in the madhhab, and, lastly, al-Māzarī, having reached a peak of mastery over rational and transmitted sciences, from which he towered above the rest of scholars, the “statement” became what he had said, as in the proverb “the statement is what Jadhām had said”, based on the poetical verse: {If Jadhām says something, believe in its truth; the statement is in fact what Jadhām said.}
The foregoing shows the precision of both Khalīl and Ibn Ghāzī, may Allah have mercy on both of them. The latter, indeed, wrote a text comprising 100 beneficial points he drew from a short Prophetic hadith: “Abā ‘Umayr, what did the small nightingale do?”. Its title is Al-Mustanbatāt min-Hadīth Abī ‘Umayr. We intend translating another wonderful commentary on it, Ibn al-Qāss’s Juz’ fīhi Fawā’id Hadīth Abī ‘Umayr, Allah the Exalted willing.
How many a secret, indeed, are encompassed by the concise words of the Prophet, Sallallāhu ‘alayhi wa-Sallam!
“Wherever I say, ‘A disagreement (exists)’”:
Rather than “I mention”, since he is following it with an indirect speech.
Khalīl uses the word khilāf (disagreement) in the case of regularity (marfū`), as primate (mubtada’) of a nominal sentence, mentioning the predicate (khabar) as in: “There is disagreement about zinā”, or omitting it as in: “Do people repeat the prayer, whether before or after its appointed time? Disagreement”, i.e. “there is disagreement on that”.
“… it is due to the existence of a scholarly disagreement as to which view is the famous one (mashhūr)”:
One savant ascribes wide acceptance/fame to a view, and another savant to a different view, whether or not they explicitly said “the mashhūr is this” or implied so, as with their expressions “the sounder view is this”, “the madhhab is to this effect”, and so on.
The term khilāf (disagreement) is used in a specific sense.
It is in fact a term applicable to one of two scenarios:
· A disagreement as to the ruling itself;
· A disagreement as to which view is the mashhūr.
Khalīl uses it in the latter sense only. That is true whenever he writes a complete speech, including the predicate of the primate khilāf, by which he lays down the ruling in the mas’alah.
Otherwise, in such syntactically incomplete phrases as “[a]nd he chose that there was disagreement; while he said, ‘Nay, in a testimony’” and “[i]s there disagreement?”, the term is used to denote the existence of a disagreement about the ruling itself.
“… wherever I mention”:
Rather than “I say”, since he is not following it with an indirect speech.
“… two or more views in the alternative”:
Two or more views in the mas’alah, whether he expressly employs qawl in the dual or in the plural, or does so impliedly as in “I referred to the two of them” or “the third view on that”, “the fourth view on that”.
“ … on the derivative issue”:
Far`, as opposed to asl or root-judgment.
A derivative mas’alah is the one branching out of an arch-rule (qā`idah).
For instance, our statement: “We may soundly purify ourselves with water of unqualified purity”, is an arch-rule or qā`idah encompassing many specific derivative rulings, such as: “We may soundly purify ourselves with water of unqualified purity some or all of the characteristics (taste, smell, etc.) whereof have undergone a change as a result of crossing a saltern”.
“… any explicit textual proclamation”:
Mansūsah in ‘Arabic, i.e. transmitted from the scholars, as opposed to a preferability Khalīl himself derives from the arch-rules (qawā`id), which he does not lean upon because of his scrupulousness.
Originally, the word nass in Arabic meant raising, lifting, e.g. a female gazelle raised (nassat) and stretched its neck, or a woman did so, as in a poem by Imru’u’l-Qays, the master of Jāhilī poetry.
Thereafter (transposition from concrete to abstract), it came to denote tracing a speech to the one who uttered it, as in a line of poetry by az-Zubayr b. ‘Abdi’l-Muttalib: {He traced the speech to its owners; trust is indeed in tracing it.}
This later, metaphorical sense, is the one employed by jurists, although they make the verb take an indirect object through the letter ‘alā (nassa ‘alā), though the verb is transitive in itself and takes a direct object. It is as if they have equated it, meaning-wise, to the verb for “alerted to, drew attention to” (nabbaha).
“… wherever I mention two or more views in the alternative, that is due to the fact that I have not come across, on the derivative issue, any explicit textual proclamation of the preferability of one over the other”:
If Khalīl has come across a single view he considers mashhūr, he limits himself to setting it out, consonantly with his earlier self-imposed obligation of “clarifying that by which fatwas are given in the school”; sometimes he adds to that the refutation of the conflicting view.
When he comes across two mashhūr views, he alludes thereto by his term “disagreement”.
If he is unable to discern any declaration of a view as mashhūr, he quotes the two or more alternative views, indicating that by such expressions as “I referred to the two of them” or “the third view on it”.
وَأَعْتَبِرُ مِنَ المَفاهيمِ مَفْهومَ الشَّرْطِ فَقَطْ.
Of the implicit (divergent) meanings, I pay regard only to the conditional meaning.
وَأُشيرُ ب: (صُحِّحَ) أَوْ (اُسْتُحْسِنَ) إِلَى أَنَّ شَيْخاً غَيْرَ الَّذينَ قَدَّمْتُهُمْ صَحَّحَ هذا أَوْ اِسْتَظْهَرَهُ،
By the phrases “it has been declared sound” or “it has been deemed appropriate” I indicate the fact that a learned master (shaykh) other than the aforementioned ones declared any such thing sound or personally deemed it outwardly correct,
وَ(بِالتَّرَدُّدِ) لِتَرَدُّدِ المُتَأَخِّرينَ في النَّقْلِ أَوْ لِعَدَمِ نّصِّ المُتَقَدِّمينِ،
whereas by “hesitation” I indicate the later scholars’ hesitation in transmitting a ruling, alternatively, the absence of any text on the mas’alah transmitted by the earlier scholars;
وَبِ: (لَوْ) إِلَى خِلافٍ مَذْهَبِيٍّ.
lastly, by “if” (law) I indicate a disagreement inside the school.
وَاللهَ أَسْأَلُ أَنْ يَنْفَعَ بِهِ مَنْ كَتَبَهُ أَوْ قَرأَهُ أَوْ حَصَّلَهُ أَوْ سَعَى في شَيْءٍ مِنْهُ، وَاللهُ يَعْصِمُنا مِنَ الزَّلَلِ وَيُوَفِّقُنا في القَوْلِ وَالعَمَلِ، ثُمَّ أعْتَذِرُ لِذَوِي الأَلْبابِ مِنَ التَّقْصيرِ الواقِعِ في هذا الكِتابِ.
Allah is the One I ask to benefit by it whoever writes it down or reads it or attains knowledge of it or busies himself with any aspect thereof. May Allah safeguard us from slips and may He grant us success in our deeds and sayings. Thereafter, I apologize to the possessors of inner cores for the shortcomings appearing in this book.
وَ أَسْأَلُ بِلِسانِ التَّضَرُّعِ وَالخُشوعِ، وَخِطابِ التَّذَلُّلِ وَالخُضوعِ: أَنْ يُنْظَرَ بِعَيْنِ الرِّضَا وَالصَّوابِ، فَما كانَ مِنْ نَقْصٍ كَمَّلوهُ، وَمِنْ خَطَإٍ أَصْلَحوهُ؛ فَقَلَّما يَخْلُصُ مُصَنَّفٌ مِنَ الهَفَواتِ، أَوْ يَنْجُو مُؤَلِّفٌ مِنَ العَثَراتِ.
I ask by the tongue of humble imploration, and by the address of abasement and submissiveness, that readers might looked at it through the eye of satisfaction and properness. Let them complete whatever is incomplete and put right whatever is wrong in it. Rarely, in fact, is a writing free from lapses and an author rescued from blunders.
“(Of the implicit meanings,) I pay regard to”:
The verb a`tabiru can mean to pay consideration to a thing, which is its import here, to draw a lesson (‘ibrah) from it, to test it, or to stipulate it as a condition.
“Of the implicit (divergent) meanings”:
Mafāhīm, implicit meanings, is the plural of mafhūm, implicit meaning.
In the Law, we speak of:
· The mantūq, i.e. the pronounced. It is what the wording indicates in the locus of verbalization itself, i.e. the meaning is understood from the wording itself, without any need to move onto it from another meaning;
· The mafhūm, i.e. the implied. It is what the wording indicates in other than the locus of verbalization, i.e. the meaning is not in the wording itself, and it is necessary for the mind to move from the meaning of the first word to this different meaning.
Let us apply this division to the Qur’ānic āyah prohibiting the utterance of ‘ugh!’ to one’s parents:
· The prohibition of uttering ‘ugh!’ to one’s parents is the mantūq, since the wording indicates it in the very locus of verbalization;
· The prohibition of hitting them is the mafhūm, since the wording (impliedly) indicates it in other than the locus of verbalization.
The implicit meaning or mafhūm is thus the meaning the explicitly pronounced wording has not indicated, but has rather implied.
There are two categories of implicit meanings:
a) The harmonious meaning (mafhūm al-muwāfaqah or al-mafhūm bi’l-awlā, the meaning a fortiori, or lahn al-khitāb, the parallel meaning, or fahwā al-khitāb, the superior meaning, as it is sometimes interchangeably termed)
Affirming, for what is passed over in silence but implied, the same ruling as the one applying to what is explicitly pronounced, on an equal footing at least.
It is an implicit meaning on which the text may be silent yet is in harmony with the pronounced meaning.
Example: If Allah, in an explicit text of the Qur’ān, has prohibited the utterance of ‘Ugh!’ to one’s parents, a fortiori He has prohibited by the same text, pursuant to the implicit meaning thereof harmonious with such a prohibition, what is worse than that, such as verbal or physical abuse of them.
The harmonious meaning (mafhūm al-muwāfaqah) is of two types:
· Fahwā al-khitāb, the superior meaning: what is implied and not pronounced is more entitled to the judgment (hukm) than what is explicitly pronounced;
· Lahn al-khitāb, the parallel meaning: what is implied and not pronounced is equally entitled to the judgment as what is explicitly pronounced.
Lexically speaking, the two terms are synonymous, and both indicate a meaning understood by the addressee, to the exclusion of others, from an allusive reference rather than an explicit utterance. They are distinguished in the technical vocabulary of the legal experts for the sake of a more exact definition.
Example of fahwā al-khitāb: The aforementioned prohibition of abusing one’s parents.
Another example is Allah’s statement, may He be Exalted: «Among the People of the Book there are some who, if you entrust them with a pile of gold, will return it to you» (Sūrah Āl ‘Imrān: 75). A fortiori would they return to you, as a loyally discharged trust, what is less than a pile of gold (qintār). Likewise with His statement in the same āyah: «But there are others among them who, if you entrust them with just a single gold coin, will return it to you» (Sūrah Āl ‘Imrān: 75). With even greater force, then, they would fail to return what is worthier than a single dīnār.
A third example is Allah’s statement, Exalted is He: «Whoever does an atom’s weight of gold will see it. Whoever does an atom’s weight of evil will see it» (Sūrah Āl ‘Imrān: 75). The divergent implied meaning is that, a fortiori, what is weightier than one atom will be seen since He who is not heedless of the tiniest thing will not be heedless of the weightier ones.
Example of lahn al-khitāb: Allah the Exalted says: «People who consume the property of orphans wrongfully consume nothing in their bellies except Fire. They will roast in Searing Blaze» (Sūrah al-Baqarah: 241).
The pronounced meaning: The Divine threat against those who devour the property of orphans indicates the prohibition of such a wrongful consumption thereof;
The implicit meaning harmonious with it and equally entitled to the judgment applicable thereto: The Divine threat against those who devour the property of orphans implies the prohibition of destroying such property altogether in a different manner, by for instance burning it. Consuming and burning (or the like) are in fact equal in bringing about the destruction of the orphan’s property, which is the efficient cause (‘illah) of the prohibition. That is so even if burning his property goes to an event greater extent of wasting it away than its consumption, since that extra degree of destructiveness is not what the āyah purposively focuses on.
We have thus a vertical motion (↑) from a meaning to what is higher than it, and a horizontal motion (→) from a meaning to what is equal to it.
There is no third category of harmonious meanings, i.e. no reverse vertical motion (↓) from a meaning to what is lower than it. Had it been said, ‘Do not kill the boy!’, no prohibition against hitting him might be implied, since the prohibition of what is more severe does not necessarily entail the prohibition of what is lighter.
b) The divergent meaning (mafhūm al-mukhālafah or dalīl al-khitāb, as it is interchangeably termed)
Affirming, for what is passed over in silence but implied, the opposite ruling of what is explicitly pronounced, wherever the sole purpose behind mention of the explicitly pronounced ruling is negating its applicability to what is passed over in silence.
It is a meaning derived from the words in the text in such a way that it diverges from the explicit meaning thereof.
In other words, making a judgment (hukm, also translated as ruling) dependent on something implies the negation thereof in respect of other than it.
This implied meaning must be in harmony and not in disharmony with the pronounced meaning.
Example: The fact that in explicit texts of the Qur’ān Allah has made it incumbent on people of taqwā and good-doers to give maintenance to their divorced women, the sole purpose for pronouncing that meaning being the negation of its applicability to the generality of Muslims, implies that such a maintenance is not a legal obligation on them.
The Hanafis and even some Mālikī scholars, such as al-Bājī, essentially refute its permissibility.
“Of the implicit meanings, I pay regard only to the conditional meaning”:
There are ten different types of divergent meanings, with different degrees of probative cogency:
1. Mafhūm as–sifah (The meaning implied from the descriptive attribute)
2. Mafhūm ash-shart (The meaning implied from the condition)
3. Mafhūm al-‘illah (The meaning implied from the efficient cause)
4. Mafhūm al-laqab (The meaning implied from the inert noun, whether a proper noun or a noun of the genus). It is not a proof according to the bulk of the savants
5. Mafhūm al-istithnā (The meaning implied from the exception)
6. Mafhūm al-‘adad (The meaning implied from the number)
7. Mafhūm al-makān (The meaning implied from the place)
8. Mafhūm az-zamān (The meaning implied from the time)
9. Mafhūm al-hasr (The meaning implied from the restrictive specification). It is the only type of divergent meaning deemed valid by Imām al-Bājī [Cf. Al-Ishārah ilā Ma`rifah al-Usūl wa al-Wajāzah]. Example: His, Sallallāhu ‘alayhi wa-Sallam, statement: “Clientage is only for the one who sets a slave free” (reported by Mālik in the Muwatta’), the outward wording whereof indicates the fact that no clientage can accrue in favour of one who does not set a slave free (= it cannot accrue in favour of the buyer of the slave).
10. Mafhūm al-ghāyah (The meaning implied from the end-point, time- or place-wise, of a thing)
In Shifā al-Ghalīl fī Hall Muqfal Khalīl, Ibn Ghāzī elaborated on each one of them, after he joined them in a verse of poetry:
{Sif washtarit ‘allil wa-laqqib thunyā * wa-‘udda zarfayni wa-hasran aghyā.}
Khalīl has told us that in his abridgment he has only taken into consideration the conditional meaning, mafhūm ash-shart.
According to the grammarians, shart, the first term of a conditional sentence (if …), is the opposite of jazā or the answer to the condition (then …).
For the experts in usūl al-fiqh, the shart or condition, as we know, is part of declaratory law. It is that attribute whose absence necessitates the absence of the hukm (judgment, ruling), but whose presence does not automatically bring about its (conditioned) object (mashrūt). Thus, the presence of ablution is a necessary condition of prayer, without which prayer is invalid, but its presence does not necessitate prayer, since I may or may not perform salāt with that ablution.
Here are some examples of meanings implied from a condition:
Allah the Exalted says, about the irrevocably divorced women: «If they are pregnant, maintain them until they give birth» (Sūrah at–Talāq: 6).
· Condition: If … then …;
· Implied divergent meaning: No maintenance is owed to an irrevocably divorced woman who is not pregnant.
He says: «If any of you do not have the means to marry free believing women, you may marry believing slave-girls» (Sūrah an-Nisā’: 25).
· Implied divergent meaning: A man with the means to marry a free mu’minah is not allowed to marry a mu’minah slave.
He also says: «If you are travelling in the land, there is nothing wrong in you shortening the salāt» (Sūrah an-Nisā’: 101).
· Implied divergent meaning: It is not permissible for the sedentary man (who is in his place of residence) to shorten the salāt.
“By the phrases “it has been declared sound” or “it has been deemed appropriate” I indicate the fact that a learned master (shaykh) other than the aforementioned ones declared any such thing sound or personally deemed it outwardly correct”:
Once the author has singled out the four jurists and identified each one of them through what specifically indicates his choice, being incapable of overlooking views which other than them had declared sound, deemed appropriate or personally advocated, he referred to their juristic choices by the terms suhhiha (“it has been declared sound”) or ustuhsina “it has been deemed appropriate”.
“… whereas by “hesitation” I indicate the later scholars’ hesitation in transmitting a ruling, alternatively, the absence of any text on the mas’alah transmitted by the earlier scholars”:
The later scholars are from Ibn Abī Zayd al-Qayrawānī onwards, and the earlier scholars are the likes of Mālik and Ibn al-Qāsim.
“… lastly, by “if” (law) I indicate a disagreement inside the school”:
By the word law (“if”) he indicates a disagreement in the school, i.e. the existence of a view conflicting with the first view in the madhhab.
By this, we have completed our survey of Khalīl’s introduction and dived into the balsamic waters of his Abridgment.
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Home / Forums / General / theory
Socialism/Anarchism/Libertarian Communism in one country
Does anyone think this is possible? Or does it require a world revolution?
(for the record, i side with the latter, and hae been really confused by the numbers of anarchists who think you can build anarchism in one country, hence this post.)
3rdseason
Well it wouldnt be a country and it probably wouldnt recognise borders.. In theory maybe it could happen on an island but in practise, no.
yozzee
Jack wrote:
It has to begin somewhere.
Perhaps in the aftermath of a huge war or a nasty virus or climate change or suchlike.
Obviously it would be a steep learning curve and the other governments would probably release loadsa propaganda about a need to "liberate" the country but perhaps if there was enough foreign sympathy and so on it could work. There would be mistakes made but overall it could work.
Like I said, in theory it could happen. Practically speaking it would be extremely difficult but not impossible (unless they all continued abusing animals and so never fully liberated the place from opression and then this abusive living arrangement meant eventually eveveryone was at each others throats again).
Yes, but can you BUILD it in one country?
ie- there's an anarchist revolution in France. It's awesome. The fash all get strung up. The Stalinists are forced back. The Trot's dither and write letts to their leader out of the country, but the war makes the letters take so long to arrive, that they don't get involved. The working class win. Self management is set up of every work place. Meat production goes up 300%. All the communtiies are locally self organised.
This hasn't happened anywhere else in the world.
Can this be successful?
I doubt it because it's likely to be attacked from capitalist forces outside. If however what you described was to happen in US it may be a different story.
if it has worked to an extent in an isolated athoritarian communist country like cuba, then why not libertarian?
Probably not if the meat production goes up 300% because then they'd be relying on so much imported wheat for feed Just a joke!
Would depend on the solidarity in other countries though.
well, looking at the state of anarchist movement at the moment, i guess that country would split into several smaller sections immediately and they would refuse to talk to eachother. Also, more time would be spent on arguing on the finer details of the utopian situation that fighting the imperialist/capitalist forces gathering on the borders.
captainmission
would we really need to worry about the invading imperialist/capitalist forces? Wouldn't they just be cream puff liberals and only what you'd expect really? So quit you're whining hippie
And anyway, in real terms a functioning libertarian communist society, where the ruling class COULDN'T point to it's horrors (eg, work camps in Russia, lack of democracy in Cuba etc.) would be a far, far bigger threat to global capitalism than Cuba has been.
Why should little things like facts get in the way of a war? I'm sure they'd find enough anarchist shagging dead nuns and soliders pulling babies out of incubators if they looked hard enough. I mean what would they make of our samauri sword welding and baby eating malita columns?
yeah,
you said that in a libertarian communist society the ruling classes couldn't point to horrors. My point is that largely doesn't matter cos they can invent them- such as they invented stories of anarchist shagging dead nuns in spain, Iraqi troops throwing babies out of incubaters or mayday protesters weilding swords
redyred
As well as being under constant attack from the capitalist world, there would also be economic problems for an isolated revolutionary nation. because it would lose it's exports and be set back with restructuring its production to produce what it needed within the country.
Luckily because of the global interconnectedness of capitalism, it is fairly likely that if one country had a revolution, at least a few others would topple at the same time. Working class power is never isolated in one country - it has booms and bust just like the capitalist economy, probably most significantly in the mid 1840s and the late 1910s. And capitalism is much more globalised now than it was then, so the surges in working class militancy should be even more synchronised.
Im not sure whether it would be under constant attack if it was really libertarian.
I think that the global media are independent enough that people would see that there wasnt any point in charging in and buthchering people who are attempting to be peaceful and co-operate for the good of everyone. There would be loads of camera crews inside reporting on it.
If it happened in the US, there wouldn't be that much other countries could do about it (the population would still have a lot of military hardware at their disposal for one). Outside the US, not a lot of luck, it'd depend on international communication networks keeping what's going on in the country as open as possible, and concerted groups in other countries maintaining close links.
People would know what was going on. News reporters get EVERYWHERE.
3rdseason wrote:
LOL - puh-lease tell me you're joking!!!!
cantdocartwheels
I think it relies more on finer details rathert than an either or situation, if a revolution succeeds in one geographical area, lets say a reasonable portion of south america, and you have a hodge podge of left-communist, anarchist and libertarian socialist groups in charge of sections of the region, how long could it feasibly last on its own, excluding internal strife and the ever present problem of drug traficcing and mafia corruption.
1 year?
3 years?
10 years?
Looking honestly at which nations can send a large million strong invasion force backed up by chemical and maybe nuclear hardware, you havte to focus on the key powers. China, Russia, the US, Western Europe and maybe the secondary powers at some stage, Australia, South Africa, India anud Brazil. Al though the secondary powers don't have as much hardware and also can't support such long term campaigns for various reasons, except australia. This world being what it is it depends a great deal on where this revolution is as to its survivability and the ferocity of the campaign mounted against it.
I think i agree, revolution in one region has a limited lifespan, people aren't going to keep signing up to die for some ideological stance, people will fight for materail interests. A protracted war against better armed and equipped forces offers people nothing.
The main issues would probably be (a) counter-revolution funded by remaining capitalist powers and (b) economic and political isolation (both have been mentioned already),
The pragmatic solution would be a libertarian revolution (but not a libertarian communist revolution), eg along the lines of Proudhon's 'mutualism' where private property is abolished but possession is respected/protected. The reasoning is twofold - a libertarian communist society (i.e. mutual aid, not money) would be unable to interact economically with the outside (capitalist, propetied) world in any significant way, but if makets remained while capital was owned jointly by its possessors (i.e. workers, tennants), imports/exports of essential goods could continue, preventing isolation and the seige condition that may usher in an authoritarian 'defensive' response a la Cuba. Secondly, there being a market would dissuade capitalist powers from attacking (not suggesting appeasement, but tactical survival).
Its important to remember that many supporters of capitalism support it because they believe it is the best economic arrangement to maximise freedom (eg. see Milton Friedman's Capitalism and Freedom), as opposed to 'communism' i.e. marxism/leninsm/trotskyism/stalinism/maoism, the cold war era authoritarian 'other'. The 'threat of a good example' from a libertarian revolution may be the impotus for capitalist powers to try and crush it, but they would certainly face internal dissent. If they tried to suppress the dissent the capitalist countries would show themselves to be the authoritarian 'other' that they made out the soviet bloc countries to be, losing further support domestically. Thus any attempt to crush the 'good example' could merely prove how good an example it is to the populations of remaining captalist regions.
The key would be propaganda, it may only take one false flag 9/11 type op blamed on the 'anarchist terrorist revolutionaries' to do the trick. However, its worth remembering the propaganda system is based on internalised values, not overt control. If the facts were plainly the opposite the corporate line, many corporate journos would catch on. They may then lose their jobs, but how many well known journos could be sacked/have accidents without it being obvious what was going on - the majority of people saw straight through the Iraq war propaganda after all. This is where solidarity networks and indypendent media networks in the non-revolutionised regions would be key. The power of the capitalist class is based on the myth of liberal democracy. Fascism may be capitalism's defensive mode, but it also provokes a revolutionary response. This is the weakness of capitalist power relations - its based on the idea of liberty which a libertarian revolution would demonstrate to be a mere comfortable cell in comparison. If the capitalist class resorted to fascist means to defend its privelege, it would merely forment global revolution . . .
Thus a successful non-communist libertarian revolution could act as a catalyst for global change, and mutual aid could replace market exchange as the geographical region run on libertarian principles became large enough to support it. Remember the primary problem with market exchange is inability to pay the market price (as well as failiure to cost externalities such as environmental damage) - the abolition of private property and respect for possession a la proudhon would massively equalise income by making a capitalist class impossible, thus making markets a tolerable compromise for the sake of formenting further revolution . . .
just my thoughts anyhow . . . make any sense? it all came out as a stream of consciousness
qwerty wrote:
I'm not sure that economic and political isolation would be the problem you think. Most individual countries are still relatively rich in natural resources. The common ones being earth, sunlight, wind, water etc.
Interesting ideas but by maintaining an essentially capitalist economy with financial rewards as the incentive you would be allowing the reactionaries the foothold they need to recouperate.
The problem with a libertarian equivalent to Cuba would be that it's libertarian not authoritarian. Cuba hasn't been crushed because it is still authoritarian. The state is in place, leaders are in place and the people are still ruled. Remove those essential components of authoritarianism and the reaction to Cuba would be very different.
Explain to me how a market, money based economy ferments revolution. I'm intrigued.
Capitalism is a social relationship. The institution that embodies this relationship is private property. I follow Proudhon in distinguishing this from possession, ie possession is my right not to lose my home when i pop out to the garden, property is my right, backed by the coercion of the State, not to lose my home even when i live elsewhere and it has been paid for by others (i.e. tennents) many times over through rent. Possession clearly protects liberty, whereas property subjugates the liberty of the tennant to that of the proprietor.
The general feeling of this thread seems that libertarian communism would be unlikely to survive in one region, thus I proposed a way in which a libertarian revolution could survive, and consolidate itself. I advocate the abolition of private property, thus the abolition of capitalism, and so the democratisation of production. We can have as democratic a polity as we like - federations of directly democratic assemblies, whatever.
Markets are obviously closely associated with capitalism, but I think we can agree they do not define it - the ownership of capital as private property and the resulting social relationship does. This association however creates a danger in knee-jerk reactions against markets. It appears to me the problems of a market based economy can be summarised as follows:
1. It descriminates on grounds of wealth, choice is only for the rich.
2. Inequalities of power negate the supposed voluntariness of transactions
3. Market pricing fails to cost 'externalities' like destruction of the environment or communities
1 should not be an issue in the above described revolutionary society as private property would have been abolished so incomes would be far more even as living off the labour of others would be much harder (if not impossible) than under capitalism . A potential problem would be the 'unemployed', with no income therefore no spending power (depending on the monetary system, see below) - local assemblies could e.g. co-ordinate with production co-ops to allocate some surplus production to them. 2 - the abolition of private property and the establisment of a democratic polity pretty much negates this point. As to 3 - the democratic assemblies could 'legislate' (so to speak) that 'accounting rules' (sorry for the capitalist jargon) must incorporate the full cost of production, including the clean up of pollution produced etc, eradicating products with costly externalites via market pricing, arguably less authoritarian than an outright ban on harmful activities.
On the subject of markets, it is important to note that a mutual aid economy is a form of market in that supply and demand interact directly, though not via a pricing mechanism, to match production to consumption. Capitalist economists would say that if price was zero, demand would be infinite, libertarian communists say bollocks. Capitalist economists say if wages were zero, production would be nil, and libertarian communists say bollocks. The point is supply and demand still interact in a decentralised manner to match productive capacity to wants and needs - the essence of a market. Furthermore, although not obviously apparent, there is still exchange in a mutual aid economy. If someone was, for example, obtaining things for free in our revolutionary libertarian communist region, but then exporting them (no borders on our side) to capitalist regions and selling them at market rates, we would surely prevent them from obtaining further things for free, since that would allow them to live off society's labour and boost the economy of capitalist nations. Thus because they were not contributing to society they would be prevented from taking the piss and draining our resources, hence the mutual in mutual aid. Mutual aid is merely complex, diffused social exchange rather than the more individualised exchange of markets.
Money doesn't have to be created by banks or the state. It doesn't have to imply the existence of debt or usury (forms of property, which are abolished). The currency, or multiple currencies of our libertarian society could be 'mutual credit currencies' or similar - created at the point of use in sufficient quantities so as to facilitate complex multilateral barter (one step short of a libertarian communist mutual aid economy). The experience of these currencies (eg Ithaca hours, the 'barter tokens' of the argentinian libertarian 'markets') has shown that they tend to lead to mutual aid since monetary exchange is pointless between equals - wealth is defined relatively, thus equals have less need for money at all. However, while the currency(ies) exist, they allow interaction with the outside world (perhaps only with egalitarian co-ops - Zapatista coffee woo hoo!). I would imagine such interaction would be essential for any society more complex than peasant agriculture, and thats without factoring in a domestic 'defence' industry if one was needed to arm ourselves.
Hope that clarifies what i'm on about - in terms of formenting further revolution, the existence and survival of a region run on libertarian terms would presumably set an example to the rest of the world and strip capitalism of its (absurd) claim to be the only economic arrangement that can gurantee liberty and democracy. If the revolution was successful, i would expect serious migration into the libertarian region, particularly from capitalism's sweatshop states (Haiti, Viet Nam etc). I would further expect many of these people to want to return home to have revolutions there, if they like what they see, eg. I don't just move to Chiapas, I agitate for social revolution in the UK. In any case the existence of a borderless libertarian society would deprive global capitalism of its pool of cheap outsourced labour since people could migrate out of poverty. There may be a limit to this migration (before you shout 'racist', i don't think the UK could support a billion people for instance), but global capitalism would be undermined and the majority of humanity supportive of the revolution, and thus inclined to overthrow the remaining capitalist powers . . . Sorry its so long, but its a pretty complex hypothetical scenario we're discussing, and I thought I'd better do a good job explaining my advocacy of money and markets as tools of anticapitalist revolution!
Yes, because when such things aren't happening at all, it's JUST as easy to pretend they are for a sustained period of time, and to keep the rest of the worlds population totally fooled.
now there's no need to get shirty dear
but as i'm concerned the capitalist press can keep up consistent misrepresentation and outright lies for prelonged periods of time- its the basis on which democracies fight their wars.
The fact that, for example, people wouldn't be lining up to escape would make no difference at all.
think this anarchist country might have a few memebers of the ruling class wanting to escape by any chance?
yozzee wrote:
yeah but not so great if you don't have oil needed to make plastics for use in say, medical equipment, or metals need to make solar pannels or computers.
When the forces of capitalism can dictate to national governments how to organise their economy (WTO etc), small revolutionary countries are pretty up against it.The solution HAS to be to organise better and the previous reams of political theory, although informative, do not really address the issue.
George'sBush wrote:
No I honestly think that.
During the Iraq war the BBC and ITV consistently reported any bombing of civilians or allied troops killed even though it was against the interest of the allied governments. I think the same would happen.
Well how about the fact that in every previous military intervention against a revolution the media has always invented 700 shades of bullshit to justify it? (or just ignore it...)
Sorry mate but capitalists just aren't that nice!
GB, i think you are approaching this in too balck/white terms. Think about it, don't you think press/media freedom has greatly increased in the last 50 years? Don't you think that the diversity of reporting has increased as well? Don't you think the reporting from a possible libertarian socialist country would be quite different today than it would have been 50 years ago?
don't you think press/media freedom has greatly increased in the last 50 years? Don't you think that the diversity of reporting has increased as well? Don't you think the reporting from a possible libertarian socialist country would be quite different today than it would have been 50 years ago?
If reporters reported truth about a libertarian anticapitalist revolution, they'd quickly lose their job - look how they made an example of andrew gilligan for saying something which was 95% demonstratably true (if only politicians got the same zero tolerance ) That's how the propaganda system works - a small number of editors, handpicked by corporates control everything that gets printed. I was speaking to an activist who had a piece published in the guardian but they edited it to fuck without checking with them first; changing a nuanced though empathetic criticism of suicide bombings for targetting civilians into an outright condemnation with no regard for why it happens.
Now if lots of well-known reporters started losing their jobs that could destroy residual trust in the media - and if they all started posting on indymedia we could simply bypass the propaganda . . .
Yes, but unlike in say, Cuba, an anarchist society wouldn't be forcibly keeping them in, would it? Presumably, most would be killing in the fighting, executed, left to fuck off out of the 'geographical region' or to join in the building of a new society.
well i wouldn't want members of the ruling class running off with half the national treasury live a new life in somewhere like florida, like Somoza or idi armin. There's got to be some way of preventing 'capital flight'. And since this geographical areas going to be surrounded by other capitalist nations borders are going to have to be regulated some how- in the very basic sense of stopping an invasion.
Anyway, I bet YOU'RE not dressed as a pirate
no but i am dressed as a skeleton
plus i bet i make a way more hardcore pirate than you
http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v120/roserat/robpinksmall.jpg
JDMF wrote:
GB, i think you are approaching this in too balck/white terms. Think about it, don't you think press/media freedom has greatly increased in the last 50 years? Don't you think that the diversity of reporting has increased as well?
whatever supposed gains in press freedom have been cancelled out by increasing corporate control of the major news providers. Also the increased deskilling and precarity (its the the offical beyond ESF word of the month ) in jornualism- computer aided design of stories, outsourcing work to india- allows for less imput for sympatheric jounralists.
As for increased diversity? well we might have the interent now, but then we've lost thousands of small printing presses.
look how they made an example of andrew gilligan for saying something which was 95% demonstratably true (if only politicians got the same zero tolerance )
focusing on gillian/that dead scientist guy/hutton was simply a great piece of misdirection. The main 'scandal' become that some middle-class white guy killed himself rather than 100,000 iraqis and 1000's of working class squadies died. it takes something we all know- politicians are liars and makes it a scandal- some terrible rarely occuring trangression, that the political system then heals it self of. It was an arguement amongst different memebers of the establishment that in the end benifits both of them. The BBC proves their 'independence' and 'neutrality'- inspite of the fact analysis of the media showed them to be most complicit with government propaganda, whislt the goverment can portray even the most mild of criticism as unfair lefty nonsense.
News media don't just create some hegemony story to support the state, but also set the outlines of pemisable dissent- thereby maintaining the illusion of objectivity and plurality.
It was an arguement amongst different memebers of the establishment that in the end benifits both of them. The BBC proves their 'independence' and 'neutrality'- inspite of the fact analysis of the media showed them to be most complicit with government propaganda, whislt the goverment can portray even the most mild of criticism as unfair lefty nonsense.
Agree completely. The point I was making was that even saying something we all know is true (politicians lie) got a journalist sacked (though he'll probably 'repent' and get a prime time slot in a year). Relying on the corporate press, or for that matter corporate anything for an anticapitalist revolution is a little niave. Hence the need to build independent media structures like indymedia and 'corrective' stuff like medialens' media alerts.
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What Is A Hybrid Lease Agreement
Missão Batista Internacional Brasileira
Administrador 20 de dezembro de 2020 Sem categoria 0
In the United States, a tenant may negotiate a right to a first refusal clause in his or her lease of land or real estate leases that gives him the right to make an offer to purchase the property before the tenant can negotiate with third-party buyers. This gives tenants the opportunity to commit to land before other potential buyers have the opportunity. [10] [11] At the end of the contract, the vehicle may be sold by the user to an independent third party (some funders may dispose of the disposal at a low commission), i.e., the user can pay the pending “balloon payment” and operate the vehicle under a peppercorn agreement. A distribution agreement with a large part of a landlord`s land or, z.B. without a certain part of a building, may nullify the finding of a lease agreement, but this common tenancy obligation is interpreted in different ways in many jurisdictions. Alternatively, you can pay for the unpaid balloon and operate the vehicle under a “peppercorn contract,” also known as a secondary lease. If you are a COMPANY subject to VAT, you can recover between 50% and 100% of VAT payments depending on whether you rent a car or a commercial vehicle. If your business is not subject to VAT, you can spread the VAT costs over the duration of the rental agreement by incorporating them into your monthly rent. There are a number of types of hybrid leasing in situations where neither full-service leasing nor NNn leasing meets the needs of the landlord and tenant. These include net, gross, double and individual leases.
Lloyds and the underwriter agreed to structure the contract as a four-year lease. Lloyds funds US$10 million to the buyer through a sales and leasing contract or pays the final balance of the sales contract when acquired through a manufacturer or broker. Like all operating leases, the taker agrees to return the aircraft at the end of the lease under the pre-agreed return conditions and, as such, is responsible for the total maintenance, etc. for the duration of the lease. The buyer and Lloyds agree to share all available benefits once the banks` residual position is settled; as a general rule, the lessor earns more than 50% of the profit margin passed on. At the beginning of the lease agreement, parameters for the use of the vehicle are agreed. If these restrictions are met, monthly payments and interest rates are set for the duration of the contract. Under normal circumstances, property owners are free to do whatever they want with their property (for a legitimate purpose), including processing or handing over the property to a tenant for a limited period of time. If a landlord has granted the property to another landlord (i.e.dem tenant), any intervention in the unspoken consumption of the property by the tenant himself is illegal. A rental agreement should be compared to a license that can give a person (a so-called licensee) the right to operate the property, but which can be terminated according to the will of the owner of the property (the licensee). An example of a donor/licensee relationship is a parking owner and a person who parks a vehicle in the parking lot.
A license can be seen in the form of a ticket to a baseball game or an oral permit to sleep for a few days on a couch. The difference lies in the fact that when it comes to a term (final time), a certain degree of privacy that indicates the exclusive possession of a clearly defined party, current and recurring payments, the absence of termination rights, except in cases of fault or non-payment, tend these factors towards a lease; On the other hand, a single access to another person`s land is probably a license. The essential difference between a lease and a licence is that a lease generally provides for periodic payments during its term and a specified end date. If a contract does not have a deadline, it may be an indeterminate licence and is still not a lease agreement.
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Other High Profile Cases and Persons of Interest »
The murder of landscape architect Joanna Yeates in Bristol in December 2010. »
Similarities in this Case
Author Topic: Similarities in this Case (Read 2607 times)
I wanted to start this topic to look at the similarities between the arrest of CJ and the arrest of Dr Vincent Tabak...
Not only that but look at why? and what the Police believed about the case... Had the Police been Tunnel Visioned in this case..??
Had the Police investigated to the fullest other options as to the demise of Joanna Yeates?
They were stuck with that building... Infact they never left that building!!
Was the PIZZA the reason that they took a certain line of inquiry that they didn't venture from???
Was The Pizza the reason that No other viable suspects were swobbed???
Lets look at the building.... The Police already had the knowledge that a previous owner of Flat 1 was a paedophile and had worked at Clifton College and the only other person whom had worked at Clifton College and had access to Flat 1 was CJ...
I believe someone had hit upon the idea of paedophiles and just didn't let it go.....
The Pizza featured HIGHLY in this case... we all didn't really know what the significance of this item was.. but maybe it was just that... The biggest CLUE they thought they had...
Pizza.. Beer.. Porn... all used to entice young people by paedophiles....
Who really is going to take a Pizza and a Pizza only from the scene of Crime??
I want to look more closely at the reports about this Pizza and why they didn't use information that they had in relation to it....
CJ was an easy target (IMO) for the Police... he was eccentic, he lived in the building and he had ties to Flat 1 in many different ways...
But I believe that the Police under estimated CJ and thought that because they had:
(1): Opportunity
(2): Ability to gain access
(3): A connection to a paedophile, by the mere fact he'd purchased this flat and had worked at the same college...
They went down that road...
There major problem with CJ and also Dr Vincent Tabak was that little old adage Motive???...
They could put certain pieces together, but they never had a Motive with either of their suspects....
Did a stretched an massively under pressure police force who wanted a result fail to look at other possible suspects..
Personally I believe they did... I believe they had a bee in their bonnet and didn't let it go!!!
« Last Edit: May 02, 2017, 12:55:50 PM by John »
http://miscarriageofjustice.co/index.php?topic=8060.msg476265#msg476265
Re: Similarities in this Case
Quote from: Nine on April 18, 2017, 10:32:21 AM
Clearly both are men and were successful professionals in their own right in their chosen careers, neither would have ordinarily come to police attention in a murder case had they not been associated to some extent with the victim.
I recall thinking at the time that the retired teacher who was arrested first, was the perfect patsy for police who were facing ever increasing pressure to solve the murder. I remember Sky News intercepting him outside his home and treating him very shoddily.
Vincent Tabak on the other hand never had to face the press and media to the extent that CJ did, that at least spared him some notoriety. Tabak's career is over as a result of his own actions whereas CJ has found a new lucrative career to take him out of his early retirement as a teacher. Strange old world!
« Last Edit: April 18, 2017, 12:17:20 PM by John »
A malicious prosecution for a crime which never existed. An exposé of egregious malfeasance by public officials.
Indeed, the truth never changes with the passage of time.
mrswah
Thinking outside the box, as usual-------
I agree that CJ was the "perfect patsy". He was eccentric, he was Joanna's landlord (and therefore, they could have found his DNA and his fingerprints in her flat, had they wanted to), he had no alibi,he had a car, he was also old enough to be questioned about Glenis Carruthers--------and I bet the Avon and Somerset Police would love to solve that one, after all this time.
I believe the friend who got CJ a lawyer is a former student, who trained as a barrister, but who doesn't practise as one.
Quote from: mrswah on April 18, 2017, 12:21:48 PM
It was CJ's property which the murdered girl and her boyfriend had rented so there was every reason to believe that his (landlord's) DNA would have been found therein. By contact, that DNA could have been transferred quite innocently to the victim so it just doesn't bear thinking about had CSI found that DNA on the victim or her clothing. Without an alibi we could have been looking at yet another miscarriage of justice.
Quote from: John on April 18, 2017, 12:44:16 PM
Agreed by contact...
And just as plausible Dr Vincent Tabak's DNA could also be contact... Didn't they all share the same entrance to collect the post?????
I don't understand why the police needed to arrest CJ at all, to be honest. Of course, they had the right to question him further, and to insist that he went along to the police station to answer those questions, but was it really necessary to make a dramatic dawn arrest------after all, they had no evidence that he had done anything!
I'm reposting from the early thread:
Here is what lead to CJ's Arrest:
This is a video interview from CJ when he appears on Judge Rinders Crime storys: Joanna Yeates:
At: 9:30 on the video CJ says:
The time that I had given my original statement... erm.. to detectives..They stressed, that they were very interested if that at some point in the future.... er....
Anybody remembered anything, that they hadn't... erm... remembered at the time, they should certainly straight away..... get intouch with the police
Then at 22:25 CJ says....
But erm.... Give what I knew.... erm..I got back intouch with the police to say... You know i'm pretty certain, that on that particular evening... this is what I was aware of
Cj is refering to hearing people on the path near the little gate:
Now at 22:30 The Police Officer says:
Christopher was quite well known... erm.... In the area, He's a retired
School Master from Clifton College...And actually he became quite an integral part of the initial investigation.... He was a witness and erm.......
He described erm.... seeing some people walking down the driveway of the address... On that Friday evening around about the relevant time... We knew Joanna had returned home....
Now what on earth the Officer is calling CJ a witness for, is beyond me.
We Know they saw him as a suspect...
seeing some people walking down the driveway of the address
Now I.m sure It's the little path CJ's refering too... because it is what CJ hears and doesn't see clearly...
In the honour of CJ.. you see CJ standing in the drive and he looks around and stops as if he has noticed something near the little gate...
Now.....
If CJ... had seen people in the driveway as described by the Police Officer... then surely CJ would have seen them close up and would have given the Police a description of the individuals, and the Police would then put out a description to the media...As these people would be..... PERSONS OF INTEREST!!!
So again.... (IMO) I believe what the policeman says is an untrue......
he became quite an integral part of the initial investigation.
yes suspect..(IMO)
CJ says at 24:00 mins:
Ironically, it was that phone call, which lead the Police to think I was making something up.... In order to deflect suspicion away from myself
So the Police put 2 and 2 together and came up with arresting CJ because of his supplementary statement and the fact that he had the keys to all the flats as the Landlord....
In order to deflect suspicion away from myself
Now where have I heard that before???? I will elaborate later......
Cj... I'm sure they soon realised would not have the physical strength to lift Joanna Yeates on his own without causing any drag marks..
So... when they released him on bail... believing that CJ, had to be part of the murder of Joanna Yeates, they need to get another suspect in their vision.. to be an accomplice with CJ in the crime...
Remember.. they didn't release CJ from Police Bail until March 2011...
And again in CJ's own words:
And therefore the police continued to entertain the suspicion that possibly there had been some sort of collusion... Between myself and Vincent Tabak
Now looking at this post in a different way and a different angel to course of this investigation.. we have DCI Phil Jones quote again....
So was the Initial Investigation looking into the possibility it could have something to do with paedophiles in this Initial Investigation that DCI Phil Jones his referencing???
Why would CJ be an INTEGRAL part of the initial investigation???
Is that why CJ was a witness??? Did he witness the teacher whom he bought Flat1 from...entertaining/teaching young pupils from Clifton College at Flat 1 ... It's a possibility (IMO)....
Here's what led to Dr Vincent Tabaks arrest: Taken from an earlier post:...
We know from CJ that they all had already given statements.... So any extra information was a supplementary statement, to aid the Police with their investigation:
Crime Watch Joanna Yeates Part 2:
At 2:05 The Presenter says:
An Officer recieved a call from Vincent Tabakin the Netherlands claiming to have new information
Remember the Police had invited the residents to get in touch if they remembered anything:
At 2:09 The Police Woman says:
He could remember that Chris Jefferies car had been parked on the driveway in Canygne Road.... In a particular position the evening before Jo went missing... and the next Morning the car was facing in the Opposite direction....
The Presenter on the Program says at 2:20 mins
What Tabak had to say was now crucial new evidence for police who are now questioning Jeffereies
Presenter at 2:30 mins
On New Years Eve they sent a team out to meet him at a hotel in Amsterdam... But his version of events seemed confused
Well... Version of Events... ??? (what are they talking about?)
All he's really supposed to be telling them is that he saw CJ's Car move position....
The Policewoman says at 2:45 mins
There were details of Vincent's Account.... That...... were concerning me....
Why would the details that Dr Vincent Tabak was telling her about CJ's Car moving position be of a concern????
She's supposed to be talking to him as a witness remember:
The Police woman then says at 2:48:
He was Vague in some area's... He was over interested in other area's, Particulary around our Forensic examination...
There was things in his account that just didn't seem right.... to me.
And then his reluctance to give his DNA at the end of the process....... Again started to Ring Alarm Bells
She then says:
He was over Interested in others particularly around our Forensics
Now..... Dr Vincent Tabak is sat with Police officers thinking that they are there for a nice chat as to what he saw regards CJ....
He could quite simply being interested what was happening with the case as there had been alot of media coverage
they had just arrested his neighbour and all this had been happening in the building that he lived in....
For all we know... he might have tried to find out how serious the information that they had gathered against CJ was...
Him and Tanja would then be homeless...
So we cannot summise why Dr Vincent Tabak asked what ever question to the Police...
Then his reluctance to give his DNA at the end of the process.....
End of what process......????? Dr Vincent Tabak , If you remember was a WITNESS?????
They had him at that hotel for 6 hours... He's only supposed to be telling them CJ's car moved.....
But they act and behave like Dr Vincent Tabak is a SUSPECT and not a WITNESS!!!
Why would Dr Vincent Tabak, be being asked to give his DNA... they only popped over supposidly to get a witness statement from him...
Why did they have a DNA kit in tow??????
Well.... like I said... he rang to give a supplementary statement....... He wasn't trying to frame CJ....
They had to let CJ go... there only remaining SUSPECT was Dr Vincent Tabak....
All the people who lived in 44, Canygne Road... were interviewed, statements were taken... So... my statement was taken along with everyone else...
DNA samples were taken, finger prints, were taken.... It was all entirely Voluntary..But obviously nobody had anything to hide....
So nobody was in the least bit concerned.. erm.... about co-operating in that way...
CJ had said they had all given DNA samples already.... So They didn't need to got to Holland to get a second DNA sample from Dr Vincent Tabak.....
Looking at that I now wonder if anyone else from that building rang the Police a similar response would have taken place..(Just a thought)..(IMO)
And The CPS had already stated that they Planned Dr Vincent Tabak's Arrest, they were reviewing the Evidence etc in late December 2010
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QRDtLjPfdw0
Quote from: Nine on April 18, 2017, 01:32:09 PM
You yourself also speculate why CJ was not called as a witness in the trial. Of course the persons he saw were of interest to the police! There is no doubt in MY mind that his 2nd witness statement to the police describing what and whom he saw would not only have demolished the prosecution's case against Vincent Tabak, but also revealed the real reason why he was arrested. The general public believes that his 2nd witness statement was "very very very very vague", because, as you well know, it has never seen the light of day, even after the general public have been so nice and sympathetic towards the landlord on account of his ordeal.
I know I cannot convince you of anything directly but the facts of the Schiphol interview that you yourself have done so much to expose DO prove what was in that statement. Vincent Tabak, Tanja and Ilse gave up a whole day of their precious vacation to make the long round trip to Schiphol. DC Karen Thomas spent taxpayers' money and a whole day in Holland together with another officer who was probably her senior. It was a crucial interview, yet the court was told nothing at all about what was talked about for 5 hours 45 minutes. The landlord was in custody back in Bristol, so this interview CAN ONLY have been about Christopher Jefferies - what and whom Christopher Jefferies saw - what he told Vincent and Tanja and his neighbours what he saw. It HAD to be deadly serious. I challenge you to produce a mitigating excuse for these people.
So what was their hidden agenda for making this dramatic dawn arrest mrswah? Was it:
(1) To show the public that they weren't just sitting on their backsides twiddling their thumbs?
(2) To entrap Vincent Tabak (whom Ann Reddrop had already planned to arrest) into telephoning from Holland?
(3) To distract the journalists from the inquest opened and adjourned very quietly the day before?
(4) To stop journalists from asking irritating questions about why the very attractive, effervescent Joanna hadn't gone to Sheffield that weekend?
(5) To teach Christopher Jefferies such a lesson that he would never, ever, tell a journalist, film producer, or anyone else, what and whom he saw that weekend and described in his 2nd witness statement?
AerialHunter
Leonora,
You have hit one nail directly on the head. Why did senior police officers not want their name associated with this investigation? That has become one of the mainstay points in our inquiry in to our own primary suspect, no senior police have come anywhere near us, they've only ever used expendables in any form of direct contact with us.
The next interesting point is that earlier today, following our own inquiry parameters that certain individuals were set up for the police to secure a conviction, we have uncovered a new thread possibly leading directly back to Tabak. Although thinner than a spiders silk at present we are following up on the information, accepting as we do that our imaginations can run wild. Tabak may have been chosen quite deliberately to be lined up for a fall as he was in the exact environs we would have expected a victim to be, it was only when we went and looked that we found him. We are neither shocked or surprised at this, we only had to look at where we had a suspiciously blank space. Further inquiries to follow.
There is none so noble or in receipt of his fellows unbridled adulation as that police officer who willingly deceives to protect one of his own kind and, by virtue of birthright, extends that privilege to his family.
Quote from: AerialHunter on April 19, 2017, 06:06:14 PM
Tabak may have been chosen quite deliberately to be lined up for a fall as he was in the exact environs we would have expected a victim to be, it was only when we went and looked that we found him...
Almost any scenario is more plausible than the absurd alternatives with which the hapless jury were confronted, but your mysterious thread would carry no weight if it were proposed by anyone but yourself.
For quite a long time, of course, this was The Joanna Yeates Case. Gradually, however, it became about The Lost Honour of Christopher Jefferies - which I would find pretty galling if I were her poor parents. (In the same way, the long-suffering Kercher family rarely let us forget that it was The Meredith Case, not the Amanda Knox Case.) Be that as it may, attractive, young, educated women are not nearly so rare or exotic as a People Movement Analyst, especially if he has been doing his analysis for Binladen Corporation, or any place where large moving crowds might subsequently become the target for a terrorist attack. Was this case really about Vincent Tabak?
I have often wondered why the murder of Joanna was considered to be "a complex case"----complex cases were what Ann Reddrop was involved with. The Little Teds Nursery case (which made Ms Reddrop "lawyer of the week")was a complex case indeed, but the murder of one attractive, vivacious young woman by the young chap next door (which is what Ann Reddrop and almost everyone else assumes happened) hardly makes for a complex case, however foul it was.
Or, was it much more complex than that????
"The Lost Honour of Christopher Jefferies" did an excellent job of "deflecting attention away" from anything connected with this case apart from CJ's wrongful arrest and the appalling conduct of our media!
Yes mrswah..... when ever you mention the case everyone says ...."Oh Yes, The one with The Landlord". No mention of Dr Vincent Tabak... and No mention of Joanna Yeates !!
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Alan Moore: 20 Years Of Cerebus
Cerebus #239 (February 1999)
Art by Dave Sim & Gerhard
ALAN MOORE:
(from 'Aardvark Comments: Reflections - 20 Years Of Cerebus' in Feature #4, 1997)
"Did you see the look on her face when I suggested that the whole Cirinist/Kevillist agenda is to smother the light of reason in the dark of emotion? She had absolutely no answer!"
"Dave, that's the last time I introduce you to my mother."
A difficult man to speak of reasonably, his identity so inextricably entwined with his work in the public eye, his life shuffled in amongst the pages of the chronicle to which he has devoted the larger part of it. (A chronicle which remains famously unfinished until we're already too far into the next millennium to go back: only two thirds of Cerebus, only two thirds of Dave Sim has so far revealed itself above the water line. Leviathan rises in excruciating slomo.)
This of course is the whole problem and most of the solution in one. Dave Sim the human being is not Cerebus the publication, nor is he Cerebus the character. He and his work must obviously be considered separately. And yet...
...And yet this is to ignore the creator's obvious urge to fuse, face-first, with his creation. Stacked up in one twenty-year-deep pile, the back issues reveal a sex life as geology: the bedpost strata yielding fossil seams of editorial and letters page: others, significant or otherwise, embedded in the woodpulp shale, footnote autobiography. The book becomes a sweethearts oak. The valentines obliterate each other, carved in palimpsest. Megaphone confidences shared, an intimacy twenty thousand strong. He doesn't wear his heart on his sleeve so much as wear a zoot suit made of hearts.
It doesn't end there. How can we distinguish the cartoon from the cartoonist when the sheer duration of the work, its clockwork frequency, makes it screamingly evident that this is, and canonly be, the whole of a man's life we see before us? Let's be very clear on this. If he's not writing, drawing, publishing, promoting or out someplace signing it, he's thinking of it. Even if he thinks of something else that is not it, the thing he thinks of will inevitably end up as part of it. Damn it. This is the product of his body, mind and soul, his chromosomes, his parents' chromosomes. Here's what he saves his white light for, jealously guards his precious fluids for. He means this. This is all of him transformed by alchemy to ink and off-white paper, with the central figure in unvarying moral zip-a-tone between the two. In the gray area. The twilight Carl Barks demimonde between the human and the animal. The full-drag no-man's land between the woman and man straddled revealingly by this hermaphrodite protagonist. We can't speak of Dave Sim unless we speak of Cerebus. Likewise, to write a negative review of Cerebus is to sneer loudly at Sim's choice of tie while in a public place. He and his work dissolve and merge in inextricable suspension. And, as pointed out above, as yet we only know two-thirds of either. Loneliness of the long-distance runner.
With the life and story both unfinished it's not safe, not yet, to talk about the themes, the shapes. Best wait until the last third hauls itself out of the water, see exactly how the contours of those narratives (the life, the work) resolve themselves before we say a word. All we can talk of, safely is the style. I can only speak for myself, of course, but I have always found his personal style refreshing, even charming. Then again, if he enters your living room, even the female houseplants wilfully and slowly turn their heads away; defy the basic laws of photosynthesis. When he's in France, feminine nouns avoid his lips.
Artistically, his style is less ambiguous: very few people have the chops of comic narrative down in the way Dave has them down. The almost musical arrangement of the panels, stave-like on the double-spread. Pitch-perfect grasp of character conveyed in line, whether from sable brush or typewriter. Near-atrophied genre conventions like the sound effect or word balloon transmuted in his hands become seamless components in the flowing, plastic medium of his narrative. The conjured soundscape. Verbose silences. In sum, a staggering display of heavily-considered craft, of innovation almost as a reflex. He is a master, and a monster (from the Latin monstro; or "Great Googly-Moogly Lor' Lookit That!").
Or, in the immortal words of the divine Max Miller, have a good look, Missus. You might never see another one.
Labels: Alan Moore, Reviews
HARDtalk: The Virtual Tour #12
The Fantagraphics Offer: Update #11
Happy 61st Birthday, Deni Loubert!
Neil Gaiman: 300 Good Reasons To Resent Dave Sim
The Fantagraphics Offer: Update #9
HARDtalk: The Virtual Tour #9
Elephantmen #43
Emotional Depth
Go Read: Dave Sim Responds To The Fantagraphics Offer
The Fantagraphics Offer
The King Of Self-Publishing!
Seeing Sound #8: Pleasure & The Dreaming
Seeing Sound #7: Fighting & Freezing Balloons
Seeing Sound #6: Breaking Bones
Seeing Sound #5: Rain
Seeing Sound #4: Over-Heard Sex
Reaction To "The End?"
Seeing Sound #3: Authority & Volume
Seeing Sound #2: Pacing
Seeing Sound #1: Sixty-Two Balloons
HARDtalk: The Dave Sim Interview (29)
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World News Forum
Human natural selection adding to 'nearsightedness epidemic'
August 21, 2020 adminLeave a Comment on Human natural selection adding to 'nearsightedness epidemic'
Natural selection among humans is adding to the ‘epidemic’ of nearsightedness, with each successive generation in the UK gaining more than 100,000 extra cases.
It is estimated that around half of the world’s population — some 4.9 billion people — will suffer from the distant visual impairment by the middle of the century.
Much of the problem is environmental — with increased screen time and not enough spent outdoors using our long-distance vision often blamed.
However, US experts have found that many of the genetic variants that increase the risk of nearsightedness, or myopia, are also associated with reproductive benefits.
Thus, those with these genes are likely to have more children, and from a younger age, increasing the relative prevalence of myopia-causing genes in the population.
Natural selection among humans is causing an ‘epidemic’ of nearsightedness, with each successive generation in the UK gaining more than 100,000 extra cases (stock image)
‘We found that the rapid increase in the prevalence of myopia is in part due to natural selection for myopia-associated mutations,’ paper author and evolutionary biologist Jianzhi Zhang of the University of Michigan told MailOnline.
This, he added, is ‘not because myopia is beneficial — but because these mutations are also associated with reproductive advantages that are unrelated to myopia.’
In their study, Professor Zhang and colleague Erping Long examined the genetic and medical data of 63,185 individuals aged between 40–69 who volunteered to participate in the UK Biobank study.
This long-term research project — which includes the accumulation of biological samples into a large repository — seeks to identify the genetic and environmental factors that contribute to the development of disease.
Dividing the subjects into six groups based on their ages, the team found that the prevalence of myopia increased from 24.4 to 41.0 per cent between those born between 1940–44 and 1965–69.
When corrected for the effects of age on eyesight, the researchers found that this is the equivalent of the likelihood of myopia at age 40 increasing from 30.3 to 43.5 per cent over the 25 year time span.
Examining genetic variations known to be associated with an increased risk of nearsightedness in the DNA of the subjects, Professor Zhang and Dr Long found 25 variants that appear to have become more common in the younger generations.
Nearsighted individuals are more likely to have worse reproductive success — defined by having less children and later in life — which suggests that natural selection acts against having the condition of myopia, the duo reported.
However, they also found that nearly half of the genes that are linked to an increased risk of myopia and are becoming more common among the population were also associated with better reproductive success.
Specifically, eight genes were found to be linked to people giving birth to their first child at a lower age, and five variants whose presence appears to be associated with having a larger number of children overall.
It is not clear how exactly these genes are related to an increase in reproductive success, Professor Zhang said.
‘One possibility is that [these genetic variants] affect both myopia and reproduction,’ he explained.
‘Another possibility is that the myopia-associated mutation happens to be located next to a reproduction-associated mutation in the human genome such that [the former] hitchhikes with the reproduction-associated mutation when the latter is selected by natural selection.’
US experts have found that many of the genetic variants that increase the risk of nearsightedness, or myopia, are also associated with reproductive benefits. Thus, those with these genes are likely to have more children, and from a younger age, increasing the relative prevalence of myopia-causing genes in the population
The genetic factor is significant, but not the primary cause of the growing incidence of nearsightedness, the researchers explained.
‘To assess the impact of the natural selection and resulting genetic changes on myopia prevalence, we predicted changes in myopia prevalence from genotype changes,’ the duo wrote in their paper.
Over the 25 years examined by the study, genetic changes ‘added 0.211 percentage point to myopia prevalence, which equals 1.6 per cent of the overall increase in myopia prevalence during the same time.’
‘Thus, our finding does not alter the prevailing view about the importance of environmental factors in the myopia epidemic,’ they added.
‘Nonetheless, based on the UK population of 55,429,643 in 1969, the positive selection adds 116,957 myopia cases per generation in the UK alone, indicating that the selection has a substantial impact.’
The full findings of the study were published in the journal National Science Review.
THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN SHORT AND LONG -SIGHTEDNESS?
Both short-sightedness and long-sightedness are common conditions which diminish a person’s eyesight.
Short-sighted people (myopic) have difficulty seeing objects at a distance.
They favour objects that are closer to them.
Their vision is clear when looking at things up close, but further away objects become out of focus or blurred.
Short-sightedness (myopia) occurs when the distance from the front to the back of the cornea’s curve is too steep.
This forces the light to focus in front of the retina, making objects in the distance appear blurred.
Long-sightedness (hyperopia) is the opposite of this and allows people to see objects clearly at a distance but find it hard to focus on things close to them.
This makes day-to-day activities such as working, reading or watching TV difficult and can result in eye strain. This then produces fatigue and headaches.
Long-sightedness occurs when the distance from the front to the back of the cornea’s curve is too steep.
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SHUT OUTS PROPEL FINAL TOUCH AND ROMAN LAW IN THE FINAL GAME
In the first game, the underdogs, 401 Consultants, might have unloaded everything they had in the previous nights upset of Manny's, Roman Law got it done as they have all season. The Line of Pete Meegan, Sean Smith and Richie Dias, got all the scoring. Sean Smith and Richie had 2 goals each with Peter Meegan grabbing 3 assists. Dan Albertelli would grab the goose and shake out the golden egg and shut out the blue.
In game II of the evening. Final Touch came to play. With the help of Mike Dussault in net. Mike was like Veruca Salt, seeing Danny get a shut out. "Daddy I want a golden goose egg" And so he did. Manville Pizza put up a fight but it wasn't to be had. Brian Beck would lead the way as he has all season, grabbing 3 goals in this 6-0 game.
The season has come to this, ROMAN LAW VS. FINAL TOUCH.
Will it be "SHOWTIME" Or will the LAW pass its judgement!!! Gotta come to the rink for 9pm to find out.
Live....BREATHE... LOVE >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>HOCKEY!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! WOOT WOOT
RI Sports Center | 1186 Eddie Downling Highway | North Smithfield, RI 02896
© 2021 Northern Rhode Island Amateur Hockey League
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Palestine in Century
About ARIJ
About LRC
New Israeli Settlements
Settlement Expansion
Israeli Violations
Eviction of Palestinians
Settlers Attacks
Bypass Roads
Israeli Plans
Separation Plans
“Under the pretext of Sate property”
The Israeli Civil Administration confiscates more Palestinian lands from Husan Village
On November 4, 2008, the Israeli Occupation forces handed out Husan village council new Israeli military order issued by the Israeli Custodian of Absentee Land Property of Judea and Samaria in the Israeli Army (Yosi Sigal) to confiscate additional Palestinian lands conducted under the pretext of 'State Property'. The order, given the name 'Order Regarding state property, Judea and Samaria (59), 1967', states the confiscation of 23.351 dunums of Husan village lands, block number 3, in Abu Hamra valley area located alongside the Israeli bypass Road # 375. The order gave Husan Village residents a period of 45 days to file objections to the Israeli Objection Committee at Ofer Israeli Military Court in Ramallah Governorate according to 'Objections Law number 172, Judea and Samaria of 1967' which details the establishment of objections committees to deal with objections related to absentee property (private property) (Military Order 58) and government monies (Military Order 59). See Copy of Military Order
A field trip conducted by ARIJ team to the threatened site showed that a small portion of the threatened site is occupied by an Israeli Gas Station which was illegally established on lands of Husan village in 1992 on a 9 dunums land area at the hands of an Israeli settler living in the nearby Israeli settlement of Betar Ilit. Lands are owned by Hamamreh family and are few kilometers away from the 1949 Armistice Line (Green Line). The remaining portion of land is located to the southwestern side of the Gas Station as shown in the military order map and comes on agricultural lands planted with Olives, Grapes and forest trees in the village. See Map 1
The Israeli occupation forces had paved the way for the confiscation of that portion of land several years ago when they banned Palestinian land owners from accessing their lands located adjacent to the gas station (from its southern site) through the establishment of an Israeli military checkpoint following the outbreak of the second Intifada in September 2000 on the road leading to the lands which in turn has caused a great loss to farmers due to their inability of taking care of their lands and harvesting their crops.
Husan Village: Location and Population
The village of Husan is located some 9 kilometers to the west of Bethlehem city and 2.5 kilometers from the 1949 Armistice Line (Green Line); It is bordered by Battir village from its northeaster side, Al Khader village from the east, the 1949 Armistice Line form the West and Nahhalin village and Betar Illit settlement from the south.
The urban area of the village stands on 292 dunums of land, about 4% of the village's total land area and is a home to 6380 inhabitants (PCBS 2008), most of who tended to work in Agriculture after loosing their jobs as constructional workers inside Israel following the eruption of the second Intifada in September 2000.
The Oslo II Land Classification of Husan Village Lands
In the Oslo II Interim Agreement that was signed in September 1995 between the Palestinians and Israelis, the Palestinian areas in the West Bank were classified into three areas A, B and C which aimed at a phased withdrawal of the Israeli military forces from these areas until the accomplishment of a final status agreement.
Accordingly, the 14794 dunums of Husan Village were classified to areas B and C; 524 Dunums of which were classified as Area B (7.2 % of the total village area) where most of the built up area is concentrated; while the remaining area of the village, a total of 6777 dunums of Husan village lands were classified as Area C (92.8 % of the total village area) and contain all the agricultural lands and the open spaces in the village. See Table 1
Table 1: Classification of Lands in Husan village according to Oslo II Agreement of 1995
Classification of Area
Area in dunums
% of the Village's total area
ARIJ GIS Database – 2008
Series of Israeli Land Confiscation Actions in Husan Village
Husan village has lost a considerable area of its lands for the various Israeli purposes throughout the years of Israeli Occupation. The lands were either used for settlement building and expansion or for the construction of Israeli bypass roads and other related military uses. Below, is a detailed list of all the land seizure actions in Husan Village:
Following the Israeli Occupation of the Palestinian Territory (The West Bank including East Jerusalem and the Gaza Strip), Husan Village, as many other Palestinian cities and villages in the West Bank, has lost some of its lands for the establishment of Illegal Israeli settlements. A total of 3187 dunums, 47% of Husan's village lands were lost for the construction of two Israeli settlements; Hadar Betar settlement in 1978 and Betar 'Illit settlement in 1985. See Table 2 for more details:-
Settlement Name
Establishment Date
Area confiscated from Husan Village
Percent of Total village land area
Hadar Betar
Betar 'Illit
Source: ARIJ GIS & RS Unit – 2008
The Israeli Bypass Road number 375 was constructed on lands of Husan village to connect the two aforementioned settlements (Hadar Betar & Betar 'Illit) with the rest of Gush Etzion settlement bloc. and with settlements inside Jerusalem. The bypass road has also split Husan village into two parts (Northern and Southern-see map), and caused the confiscation of more Palestinian lands in the village. The road has also made another portion of Palestinian lands in the village inaccessible as such lands acted as buffer zone to the aforementioned bypass road where any kind of Palestinian utilization is prohibited.
The Israeli Segregation Plan will confine the western rural villages of Battir, Husan, Nahalin, Wadi Fukin, Al Jab'a, Khallet 'Afaneh ('Afaneh hamlet), Khallet Beit Sakaria (Beit Sakaria hamlet) and Khallet Al Ballutah (Al Balluta hamlet) in one Big Ghetto; The segregated area includes the aforementioned Palestinian villages in addition to the 11 settlements of the Gush Etzion bloc. Moreover, the Segregation Wall plan imposes a systemic challenge to the local and national health care and educational services. The Wall, upon completion, will make it much more difficult for Palestinians to reach hospitals, medical centers, schools, colleges universities and institutions situated in nearby cities such as Bethlehem. Access will be controlled by Israeli occupying forces and based on the Israeli permit system.
To conclude:-
The confiscation and destruction of Palestinian land is clear violation of the Fourth Geneva Convention, Article 147 which clearly prohibits extensive destruction and appropriation of property, not justified by military necessity and carried out unlawfully and wantonly; and Article 49 of the Fourth Geneva Convention also states that: ' Individual or mass forcible transfers, as well as deportations of protected persons from occupied territory to the territory of the Occupying Power or to that of any other country, occupied or not, are prohibited, regardless of their motive.' Violations of Articles of the Fourth Geneva Convention constitute breaches of the Convention and should be prosecuted as War Crimes.
Also Israel continues to violate its obligations as an occupying power under international law rules. The Israeli practices in the Palestinian territory clearly contradict with:
The International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR) – Food (ICESCR, art. 11): The States Parties to the present Covenant recognize the right of everyone to an adequate standard of living for himself and his family, including adequate food, clothing and housing, and to the continuous improvement of living conditions. The States Parties will take appropriate steps to ensure the realization of this right, recognizing to this effect the essential importance of international co-operation based on free consent.
The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) – Property (ICCPR, article 1) provides that: All peoples have the right of self-determination. By virtue of that right they freely determine their political status and freely pursue their economic, social and cultural development.
:::::::::::::___
[1] Military Order #59 (1967?) – establishes the Israeli Military-appointed position of 'Custodian of Government Property' to take over land owned by the Jordanian Government. Also, allows the 'Custodian of Government Property' to appropriate land from individuals or groups by declaring it 'Public Land' or 'State Land', the latter which it defines as land that was owned or managed by, or had a partner who was an enemy body or citizen of an enemy country during the 1967 war (amended by M.O.1091).
[2] Bypass Road # 375 (Existing): stretches almost half a kilometer (0.492 kilometers) from the northeast of Wadi Fukin, passes along Betar Illit and Hadar Betar settlements to finally intersect with bypass road 60 (the main north-south artery of the West Bank). Palestinian travel without a permit is forbidden on this road otherwise they are prohibited to use the road.
The Applied Research Institute – Jerusalem
Categories: Confiscation
More “Biblical Parks”… the confiscation of Al ‘Isawiya and At Tur lands
إخطار بوجوب إخلاء ما لا يقل عن 40 دونماً من الأراضي الزراعية في بروقين
Israeli Settlers removed a fence surrounding a 15 dunums field.
الاحتلال يصادر شاحنة وجرارين زراعيين في الأغوار الشمالية
سكة الحديد الإسرائيلية المقترحة على أراضي الضفة الغربية … وضياع مائة ألف دونم جديدة
6 Donum Plot Land Burnt in Nablus
مصادرة آليات زراعية أثناء تأهيل أراض زراعية في الرأس الأحمر
الاحتلال يصادر مواد وادوات بناء من بلدة بيت أمر بمحافظة الخليل
Israeli settlement Activities in the occupied State of Palestine during the 3rd Quarter of 2020, (October – December) / 2020
Monitoring Report on the Israeli Settlement Activities in the occupied State of Palestine – December 2020
الاحتلال يهدم ويصادر منشأة زراعية في السيميا غرب السموع بمحافظة الخليل
Israel to lead expansion in five settlements in the oPt
The Israeli occupation attempts at Judaizing the Tulkarm archeological site of Deir Samara
Al-Khas and Al Nu’man villages suffocated by the Israeli colonization
INTERACTIVE GEOPOLITICAL STATUS 2017
This website has been produced with the assistance of the European Union.
The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of ARIJ & LRC and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Union.
© 2019 Copyright ARIJ. All Rights reserved. arij.org.
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Magistrates' Court (Hong Kong)
Get Magistrates' Court Hong Kong essential facts below. View Videos or join the Magistrates' Court Hong Kong discussion. Add Magistrates' Court Hong Kong to your PopFlock.com topic list for future reference or share this resource on social media.
Magistrates' Court Hong Kong
Kwun Tong Magistrates' Court
Authorized by
Hong Kong Basic Law, Magistrates Ordinance (Cap. 227)
Appeals to
Court of First Instance of the High Court; further appeal to the Court of Final Appeal in limited circumstance
Chief Magistrate
Mr Victor SO Wai-tak
Magistrates' courts in Hong Kong have criminal jurisdiction over a wide range of offenses, and in general these offenses must only constitute two years' imprisonment or a fine of HK$100,000; in certain circumstances, sentences of three years may be imposed. All criminal proceedings must begin in the magistrates' courts; the Secretary for Justice may transfer cases to either the District Court or the Court of First Instance depending on the seriousness of the crime.[1]
All judges and magistrates must have qualified as legal practitioners either in Hong Kong or in another common law jurisdiction and have had substantial professional experience.
Court structure
The Chief Magistrate is the court leader and is responsible for the overall administration of the magistrates' courts.
Principal magistrate
A principal magistrate is in charge of one of the seven magistrates' courts.
Permanent magistrate
A permanent magistrate is a full-time magistrate, and is assigned to sit in one of the seven magistrates' courts.
The Chief Justice appoints on a temporary basis a number of principal and permanent magistrates to sit as a Master in the High Court[2] or to sit as a Deputy District Judge or Master in the District Court, Family Court or Lands Tribunal.[3][4][5] The Chief Justice also appoints a number of permanent magistrates to sit as Presiding Officers in the Labour Tribunal and Adjudicators in the Small Claims Tribunal.[6][7]
Special magistrate
A special magistrate is also a full-time magistrate, but is assigned to deal with various kinds of departmental summons including minor offenses such as traffic contraventions. Their sentencing power is limited to a maximum fine of HK$50,000 or as specified in their warrants of appointment.
Deputy magistrate / deputy special magistrate
A deputy magistrate or deputy special magistrate is assigned by the Chief Justice for such period and on such terms as he or she thinks fit. This makes additional manpower available to the magistrates' courts while also giving eligible persons experience on the bench, before he or she commits to a full-time posting or returns to private practice.
List of magistrates
Mr So Wai-tak, Victor
Principal magistrates
Ms CHAINRAI Bina[Note 1]
Mr LAW Tak-chuen, Peter
Mr LUI Kin-man, Simon[Note 2]
Mr HO Chin-pang, Dick[Note 3]
Miss YIM Shun-yee, Ada[Note 4]
Mr SO Man-lung, Don[Note 5]
Miss CHUI Yee-mei, Ivy
Permanent magistrates
The current permanent magistrates (as at 1 January 2021) are (ranked according to seniority):
Mr MAK Kwok-cheung, Brian[Note 6]
Mr TO Ho-shing, Joseph[Note 7]
Mr CHEANG Kei-hong[Note 8]
Mr WONG Kwok-fai, Raymond
Ms CHAN Wai-mun, Amy[Note 9]
Miss CHOW Pok-fun, Josephine[Note 10]
Mr YIP Sue-pui, Lawrence[Note 11]
Mr WAN Siu-ming, Jason[Note 12]
Mr LI Chi-ho[Note 13]
Ms WONG Susan[Note 14]
Ms LAU Yee-wan, Winnie[Note 15]
Mr TANG Siu-hung, Daniel[Note 16]
Mr CHEUNG Chi-wai, David[Note 17]
Mr CHENG Lim-chi, Andy[Note 18]
Ms LAM Mei-sze, Michelle[Note 19]
Mr CHUM Yau-fong, David
Mr SHUM Kei-leong, Timon[Note 20]
Mr KO Wai-hung[Note 21]
Miss HO Wai-yang[Note 22]
Ms CHEUNG Kit-yee[Note 23]
Ms CHEUNG Tin-ngan, June[Note 24]
Ms WONG Sze-lai, Lily[Note 25]
Miss NG Chung-yee, Debbie
Ms HEUNG Shuk-han, Veronica
Ms TO Kit-ling, Doris[Note 26]
Ms SHUI Kelly
Ms CHENG Kam-lin, Catherine[Note 27]
Mr CHAN Ping-chau, Kenneth
Mr LEE Siu-ho[Note 28]
Mr CHOW Chi-wei, Raymund[Note 29]
Ms CHU Yuen-yee, Isabella[Note 30]
Mr CHAN David[Note 31]
Ms WONG Nga-yan, Peony[Note 32]
Mr WONG Sze-cheung, Colin[Note 33]
Ms SO Ka-yin, Rita[Note 34]
Miss LEE Kar-lok, Jacqueline[Note 35]
Mr HO Chun-yiu[Note 36]
Ms SOONG Wing-sum, Michelle[Note 37]
Ms LEUNG Ka-kie
Ms TSUI May-har, Stephanie[Note 38]
Ms LEUNG Siu-ling
Mr IP Kai-leung, Jacky
Mr PANG Leung-ting
Ms CHUNG Ming-sun, May
Miss CHAN Lo-yee, Louise[Note 39]
Mr WONG Ching-yu, Edward
Mr LAM Tsz-kan
Mr LEUNG Man-liang, Matthew[Note 40]
Miss LAU Suk-han
Mr MOK Tze-chung, Andrew
Miss LEUNG Nga-yan, Frances
Mr LAM Hei-wei, Arthur
Ms CHOW Wai-choo, Monica[Note 41]
Ms CHAK Kwok-yee, Anny[Note 42]
Mr LAM Chak-ming, Maurice[Note 43]
Ms YEUNG Yee-na, Eleanor[Note 44]
Miss SIU Chi-wan, Jo[Note 45]
Mr LUNG Gwun-ting[Note 46]
Miss WAT Lai-man, Minnie
Mr YU Chun-cheung, Peter
Mr SZE Cho-yiu, Jeffrey[Note 47]
Mr PUN Wang-hon, Dominic[Note 48]
Mr Yu Chun-pong[Note 49]
Eligibility and retirement
Since 2019, the retirement age for magistrates' have been 65.[63]
List of chief magistrates since 1997
Tenure start
Tenure end
Reason for tenure end
Later most senior judicial role
1 Louis Tong Po-sun 2 March 1998 2 October 2000 2 years and 215 days Appointed Judge of the Court of First Instance Same (retired)
2 Patrick Li Hon-leung 3 October 2000 1 February 2007 6 years and 122 days Appointed District Court Judge Judge of the Court of First Instance (retired)
3 Tong Man 2 July 2008 15 September 2013 6 years and 122 days Retired None (retired)
4 Clement Lee Hing-nin 11 March 2014 2 January 2018 3 years and 298 days Appointed District Court Judge Same
5 Victor So Wai-tak 6 January 2020 Incumbent 1 year and 12 days
Gallery of magistrates' courts
Existing magistrates' courts
Former magistrates' courts
Western Magistracy
North Kowloon Magistracy
Central Magistracy
South Kowloon District Court
Fanling Magistracy
Tsuen Wan Magistrates' Court
^ Previously sat as a Deputy District Judge[8]
^ Sitting as District Court Registrar until 16 July 2021.[9] Previously sat as a Deputy District Judge.[10]
^ Sitting as a High Court Master until 17 October 2021[11]
^ Previously sat as a Deputy District Judge[12]
^ Sitting as a District Court Master until 14 May 2021.[14] Previously sat as a Deputy District Judge.[15]
^ Sitting as a Deputy District Judge until 11 February 2021[18]
^ Sitting as Principal Adjudicator (Acting) of the Small Claims Tribunal[20]
^ Sitting as a Deputy District Judge in the Family Court until 1 April 2021[23]
^ Sitting as a Deputy District Judge in the Family Court until 16 July 2021[28]
^ Sitting as a Labour Tribunal Presiding Officer.[29] Previously sat as a Deputy District Judge.[30]
^ Sitting as a Deputy District Judge until 25 June 2021[36]
^ Sitting as a Deputy District Judge in the Family Court until 28 May 2021[37]
^ Sitting as a District Court Master until 30 April 2021[38]
^ Sitting as a High Court Master until 23 April 2021[39]
^ Sitting as a Small Claims Tribunal Adjudicator[41]
^ Sitting as Principal Presiding Officer of the Labour Tribunal.[42] Previously sat as a Deputy District Judge.[43]
^ Sitting as a District Court Master until 5 February 2021[46]
^ Sitting as a District Court Master until 18 June 2021[47]
^ Sitting as a High Court Master until 17 June 2021.[48] Previously sat as a Deputy District Judge.[49]
^ Sitting as a Deputy District Judge in the Lands Tribunal until 18 June 2021[50]
^ Previously sat as a Coroner[51]
^ Sitting as a District Court Master until 28 May 2021[52]
^ Sitting as a District Court Master until 22 January 2021[53]
^ Sitting as a Coroner[54]
^ Sitting as a Labour Tribunal Presiding Officer[57]
^ Sitting as a deputy magistrate until 26 March 2021[62]
Hong Kong portal
Law portal
Judiciary of Hong Kong
^ "Hong Kong Judiciary Annual Report 2004" (PDF). Hong Kong Judiciary. Retrieved 2020.
^ High Court Ordinance (Cap. 4), sections 37AB, 37AC, 37A and 37B
^ District Court Ordinance (Cap. 336), sections 7, 14AB, 14A and 14B
^ Lands Tribunal Ordinance (Cap. 17), section 4(2)
^ v (), HCAL 1758/2019
^ Labour Tribunal Ordinance (Cap. 25), section 4
^ Small Claims Tribunal Ordinance (Cap. 338), section 4
^ "G.N. 3291", Hong Kong Government Gazette (No. 24, Vol. 20, 17 June 2016)
^ "G.N. 122", Hong Kong Government Gazette (No. 2, Vol. 25, 15 January 2021)
^ "G.N. 2214", Hong Kong Government Gazette (No. 13, Vol. 22, 29 March 2018)
^ "G.N. 6490", Hong Kong Government Gazette (No. 46, Vol. 24, 13 November 2020)
^ "G.N. 3069", Hong Kong Government Gazette (No. 22, Vol. 20, 3 June 2016)
^ "G.N. 4533", Hong Kong Government Gazette (No. 33, Vol. 24, 14 August 2020)
^ "G.N. 4519", Hong Kong Government Gazette (No. 29, Vol. 23, 19 July 2019)
^ "G.N. 1848", Hong Kong Government Gazette (No. 13, Vol. 14, 1 April 2010)
^ "G.N. 2806", Hong Kong Government Gazette (No. 18, Vol. 21, 5 May 2017)
^ "G.N. 6851", Hong Kong Government Gazette (No. 37, Vol. 22, 14 September 2018)
^ "G.N. 3442", Hong Kong Government Gazette (No. 22, Vol. 23, 31 May 2019)
^ "G.N. 7481", Hong Kong Government Gazette (No. 52, Vol. 24, 24 December 2020)
^ "G.N. 6144", Hong Kong Government Gazette (No. 44, Vol. 24, 30 October 2020)
^ "G.N. 4445", Hong Kong Government Gazette (No. 32, Vol. 24, 7 August 2020)
^ "G.N. 1906", Hong Kong Government Gazette (No. 17, Vol. 24, 24 April 2020)
^ "G.N. 3687", Hong Kong Government Gazette (No. 27, Vol. 24, 3 July 2020)
^ "G.N. 10", Hong Kong Government Gazette (No. 1, Vol. 25, 8 January 2021)
^ "Judicial Officers (Extension of Retirement Age) (Amendment) Bill 2019 gazetted". info.gov.hk. 1 March 2019.
This article about a Hong Kong building or structure is a stub. You can help popflock.com resource by expanding it.
Magistrates'_Court_(Hong_Kong)
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Found in the North Carolina digital collection at http://digital.ncdcr.gov/cdm/home. All records summaries are from that website. More information may be available in the records
1. Clay, Thomas C. (Granville County) 1928. Applicant is a former slave who was a servant to John W. Lawrence; mention is made of a pension for Frank McGhee, colored body servant to Captain R. P. Taylor
2.Jones, Jacob (Guilford County),1931. Applicant is a former slave who acted as a body servant to his master, Colonel E. P. Jones
3.Love, Peter M. (Gaston County) 1927. Applicant is a former slave who acted as a servant to R. G. Love
4. Glenn, Dudley (Yadkin County) 1927 Applicant is a former slave who acted as a body servant to his master, Joseph Williams
5.Haith, William (Alamance County) 1927. Applicant is a former slave who acted as a body servant to Nick Mebane
6. Liggins, Will (Alamance County) 1927. Applicant was a former slave who acted as a servant to Colonel James E. Boyd, Clay Hazell, and Jim Vincent
7. Parker, Buck (Alamance County) 1932. Applicant is a former slave who acted as a servant to H. Clay King
8. Fraser, Mose (Union County) 1933. Applicant is a former slave who acted as a body servant to his master, Elias Fraser, in the South Carolina State Troops; mention is made of John D. Wiley, veteran
9. Sellars, Jerry (Alamance County) 1927. Applicant is a black man who acted as a servant to James Moore and Captain Joe Turner, Jr.
10.Thomas, Cudge (Jackson County) 1929. Applicant was a black man who acted as a servant to Colonel William H. Thomas.
11. Hunter, Frank (Lincoln County) 1927. Applicant is a former slave who acted as a servant to his master, Stanhope Hunter; affidavit from veteran, James Nixon
12. Horton, Charles (Washington County) 1925. Soldier is a former slave who acted as a body servant to Major H. G. Lewis
13. Majors, William (Person County) 1924. Applicant was a former slave who acted as a body servant to his master Sam Majors
14. Hunt, Primus (Franklin County) 1927. Applicant is a former slave who acted as a servant for General Stephens and Lieutenant Comer.
15. McGhee, Frank (Granville County)1928. Applicant is a black man who acted as a body servant to Captain Richard P. Taylor.
16. Harris, William R. (Bertie County) 1926. Applicant is a former slave who was a body servant to his master Thomas Paine Harris; affidavits from the following soldiers; J. B. Goode and J. S. Grant
17. Byrd, Ned (Union County) 1929. Applicant is a former slave who acted as body servant to King Byrd
18. Crawford, Hansel (Gaston County) 1912. Applicant is a former slave who acted as a servant to Ed Crawford in the South Carolina State Troops.
19. Kendall, Weldon (Anson County) 1926. Applicant s a former slave who was a body servant to his master, Henry Kendall
20. King, Adam (Cleveland County) 1923; 1927. Applicant is a former slave who acted as a servant to his master Frank Love of York, South Carolina
21. Reed, Henry (Halifax County) 1932. Applicant was a black man who acted as a body servant of Dr. Condy Boyd and then helped build breast works.
22. Gilmer, John (Forsyth County) 1925. Applicant is a former slave who acted as a body servant to his master Colonel Gilmer.
23. Harris, Alfred J. (Warren County) 1927. Applicant is a former slave who was a servant to J. H. Harris
24. Taylor, Richmond (Granville County) 1930. Applicant is a former slave who acted acted as a body servant to his master William Terry.
25. Boney, Joe (Duplin County) 1928. Applicant is a former slave who acted as a body servant to his master, James Daniel Boney.
26. Kennedy, D. R. (Gaston County)1928. Applicant is a former slave who was a servant to William McClure of the South Carolina State Troops.
27. Swinson, Sam (Wayne County) 1928. Applicant was a former slave who acted as a servant to his master John Swinson.
28. Boney, Oliver (Sampson County) 1929. Applicant is a former slave who acted as a body servant to his master, Col. L. A. Powell, and to Col. A. A. McKoy.
29. Graham, John M. (Hoke County) 1928. Applicant is a black man who acted at a servant to Captain William H. McLaurin
30. Clark, Tom (Lincoln County) 1927. Applicant is a former slave who acted as a servant; depositions from Albert Dellinger and Dave Summey, confederate veterans.
31. Osburne, Cye (Wake County) 1932. Applicant is a black man who acted as a body servant to Edwin A. Osburne and Thomas Osburne
32. Fogg, Isaac (Wake County) 1929. Applicant is a former slave who acted as a servant to Captain Green from Warren County
33. Gillespie, Mack (Montgomery County) 1932. Applicant is a former slave who served as a body servant to his master Major Pinkney B. Chambers
34. Fletcher, Sandy (Richmond County) 1936. Applicant is a former slave of Calvin Covington who served as a body servant to J. M. Covington, Ben Covington and William C. Covington; affidavit from John A. McAskill, veteran
35. Ashcraft, Wilson C. (Union County) 1932 Applicant is a black man who acted as a servant to Capt. Thomas Ellison Ashcraft.
36. Pettiford, Silas (Franklin County) 1931. Applicant is a former slave who acted as a body servant to his master S. C. Blackley
37. Sanders, Jeff (Union County) 1931. Applicant is a free black who acted as a laborer and body servant in the South Carolina State Troops; affidavit from South Carolina veteran Mack McManus
38. Lilly, Lewis (Robeson County) 1927. Applicant was a former slave who acted as a body servant to his master Robert Lilly
39. Paythress, Wiley (Franklin County) 1927. Applicant is a former slave who acted as a servant to his master Wash Branch
40. Perry, Aaron (Union County) 1929. Applicant is a former slave who acted as a body servant to his master Colonel John B. Ashcroft
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Tag: DOD
Statement from the Press Secretary Regarding Small Modular Reactors for National Defense and Space Exploration
Credit: Matt Wade
WASHINGTON, January 12, 2021 (White House PR) — Today, President Trump is issuing an Executive Order on Promoting Small Modular Reactors for National Defense and Space Exploration, which will further revitalize the United States nuclear energy sector, reinvigorate America’s space exploration program, and produce diverse energy options for national defense needs.
Lockheed Martin Wins $4.9 Billion Contract for 3 Missile Warning Satellites
The Pentagon has awarded Lockheed Martin a contract worth $4.9 billion to build three Next-Generation Overhead Persistent Infrared satellites to warn of incoming missiles.
The contract also covers “delivery of ground mission unique software and ground sensor processing software. Additionally, this modification includes engineering support for launch vehicle integration and launch and early on-orbit checkout for all three” spacecraft for the U.S. Space Force.
“Work will be performed in Sunnyvale, California, and is expected to be completed May 31, 2028. Fiscal 2021 research, development, test and evaluation funds in the amount of $99,000,000 are being obligated at the time of award,” the Pentagon said in its announcement.
Small Satellite Leader Blue Canyon Technologies Completes CDR for DARPA Blackjack Program
BCT demonstrated maturity and capability of its X-SAT bus design which will enhance LEO communications for the U.S. Department of Defense
BOULDER, Colo. (Blue Canyon Technology PR) — Leading small satellite manufacturer and mission services provider Blue Canyon Technologies, Inc. (“BCT” or “Blue Canyon”) announced today that it has completed its critical design review (CDR) for the Blackjack Program, a military space capabilities demonstration being developed by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA).
NASA Supports America’s National Strategy for Space Nuclear Power and Propulsion
Illustration of a Mars transit habitat and nuclear propulsion system that could one day take astronauts to Mars. (Credits: NASA)
WASHINGTON (NASA PR) — President Donald Trump has issued a new Space Policy Directive that will help propel NASA and humanity’s next giant leap – creating a sustainable presence on the Moon and sending astronauts to Mars.
The president issued Space Policy Directive-6 (SPD-6), the Nation’s Strategy for Space Nuclear Power and Propulsion (SNPP), Wednesday, Dec. 16. Space nuclear systems power spacecraft for missions where alternative power sources are inadequate, such as environments that are too dark for solar power or too far away to carry sufficient quantities of chemical fuels.
Memorandum on the National Strategy for Space Nuclear Power and Propulsion (Space Policy Directive-6)
December 16, 2020 News 0
Space Policy Directive-6
MEMORANDUM FOR THE VICE PRESIDENT
THE SECRETARY OF STATE
THE SECRETARY OF DEFENSE
THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE
THE SECRETARY OF TRANSPORTATION
THE SECRETARY OF ENERGY
THE DIRECTOR OF THE OFFICE OF MANAGEMENT
AND BUDGET
THE ASSISTANT TO THE PRESIDENT FOR NATIONAL
SECURITY AFFAIRS
THE ADMINISTRATOR OF THE NATIONAL AERONAUTICS
AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION
THE CHAIRMAN OF THE NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION
THE DIRECTOR OF THE OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND
SUBJECT: National Strategy for Space Nuclear Power
and Propulsion
Section 1. Policy. The ability to use space nuclear power and propulsion (SNPP) systems safely, securely, and sustainably is vital to maintaining and advancing United States dominance and strategic leadership in space. SNPP systems include radioisotope power systems (RPSs) and fission reactors used for power or propulsion in spacecraft, rovers, and other surface elements. SNPP systems can allow operation of such elements in environments in which solar and chemical power are inadequate. They can produce more power at lower mass and volume compared to other energy sources, thereby enabling persistent presence and operations. SNPP systems also can shorten transit times for crewed and robotic spacecraft, thereby reducing radiation exposure in harsh space environments.
Chief of Space Operations Discusses Need for Outreach to Partners, State of Space Force
Gen. John “Jay” Raymond. Chief of Space Operations, U.S. Space Force, Commander, U.S. Space Command, provides remarks at the USSPACECOM Change of Command. (Credit: Lewis Carlyle)
By Jim Garamone
The importance of space to the modern world cannot be underestimated, and the U.S. Space Force will be key to defending the ultimate “high ground,” said Space Force Gen. John “Jay” Raymond, the chief of space operations for the new service.
Winners Announced for US/UK Partnered International Space Pitch Day
November 24, 2020 News 0
LOS ANGELES AIR FORCE BASE, Calif. (USSF SMC PR) –– U.S Space Force’s Space And Missile Systems Center, (SMC) along with its partners have announced the winners of International Space Pitch Day (ISPD). Small tech companies and start-ups from multiple countries had the opportunity to pitch their ideas in front of several U.S., U.K. and N.A.T.O. allied defense leaders on Nov. 16, 2020.
During the event, ten start-ups successfully secured same-day contracts and a slice of the $1M pot, to fast-track the development of their innovations. This marks the first time two nations have come together to award defense contracts based around a pitch-style event and the first time two nations have awarded joint defense innovation contracts to foreign companies.
Astrobotic & University of Pittsburgh’s SHREC Partnering for Space Technologies Research
Teams will work together to translate concepts into tangible innovations that will support lunar landings, rover missions, satellite servicing, and more.
PITTSBURGH (Astrobotic PR) – Astrobotic and the National Science Foundation (NSF) Center for Space, High-performance, and Resilient Computing (SHREC) are pleased to announce a partnership to develop new software and hardware technologies for future space applications.
The SHREC consortium, led by the University of Pittsburgh, is an NSF Industry-University Cooperative Research Center (IUCRC) and will work together with Astrobotic by pairing first-class academic researchers with engineering teams to translate concepts into tangible innovations that will support lunar landings, rover missions, satellite servicing, and more.
NGA Adds BlackSky Global, Planet Federal Imagery to Unclassified Delivery System
November 7, 2020 November 6, 2020 News 0
SPRINGFIELD, Va. (NGA PR) – The National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency’s primary unclassified delivery system now features small satellite commercial imagery, enabling federal government and international partners increased access to geospatial data to meet mission demands.
The G-EGD system, first introduced in 2011, consisted of only of MAXAR/Digital Globe imagery, but the addition of Planet Federal and BlackSky Global data represents the first time that small satellite imagery has been integrated into the delivery system.
Nuclear Tech in Space: What’s on the Horizon?
La Grange Park, Ill. (American Nuclear Society PR) — NASA aims to develop nuclear technologies for two space applications: propulsion and surface power. Both can make planned NASA missions to the moon more agile and more ambitious, and both are being developed with future crewed missions to Mars in mind. Like advanced reactors here on Earth, space nuclear technologies have an accelerated timeline for deployment in this decade.
Defense Department Establishes New Office to Oversee Space Policy
WASHINGTON (DoD PR) — As directed in the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2020 the Department of Defense established the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Space Policy (ASD(SP)) and the Office of the ASD(SP) Oct. 29, 2020.
The ASD(SP) will be the senior official responsible for the overall supervision of DoD policy for space warfighting. The ASD(SP) will be under the authority, direction, and control of the Under Secretary of Defense for Policy (USD(P)). In addition, ASD(SP) is responsible for interagency coordination and international engagement on space policy and strategy.
SMC Awards Satellite Rapid Prototyping Contract to Northrop Grumman
September 27, 2020 September 26, 2020 News 0
LOS ANGELES AIR FORCE BASE, Calif. (SMC PR) —The Space and Missile Systems Center awarded an Evolved Strategic SATCOM Space Rapid Prototyping contract to Northrop Grumman on Sept. 16.
The first in a series, SMC will award up to three separate contracts for this work to drive a competitive, rapid prototyping effort and mitigate the risk inherent in these early prototyping and demonstration activities. Subsequent contract awards are expected in the coming weeks.
Under this 5-year space segment rapid prototyping phase, each contractor will develop ground prototypes to demonstrate the most essential ESS payload elements to reduce risk for development and production of the ESS system.
The ESS program will fulfill the Department of Defense capability need for space-based protected strategic military satellite communications. The ESS program will ensure continued capacity, coverage, and protection for worldwide and Arctic DoD strategic, secure, anti-jam, survivable communications supporting ground, sea, and air assets.
ESS will augment, and eventually replace, the Advanced Extremely High Frequency system in support of strategic missions. SMC’s Space Development Corps, led by Col. Tim Sejba, manages the ESS program.
Isotropic Systems Signs Contract with SES GS to Initiate Multi-Orbit Trials of Next-Gen Multi-beam Antenna Technologies for U.S. Military
READING/RESTON, 24 September 2020 (SES GS PR) – SES Government Solutions (SES GS), a fully-owned affiliate of SES, and Isotropic Systems, a leading developer of transformational broadband terminal technologies, today announced a two-phased antenna evaluation contract with the U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory, working in close collaboration with the U.S. Army Research Engineering Team, for tests of Isotropic Systems’ multi-beam terminal over SES’s O3b Medium Earth Orbit (MEO) constellation to ultimately unleash next-gen connectivity across the battlefield.
Orbit Logic Awarded AFRL/AFWERX Space Situational Awareness Planning & Analysis Contract
GREENBELT, MD (Orbit Logic PR) – Orbit Logic, a leading provider of planning and scheduling software, announced today that it has been awarded an AFWERX Direct to Phase II Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) contract from the Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL).
The award will enhance the Heimdall Fire Space Situational Awareness (SSA) planning solution. Heimdall Fire is an existing software solution consisting of Orbit Logic COTS software products configured for SSA observation planning.
Space Weather Bill Passes Congress
September 17, 2020 October 23, 2020 News 0
The Sun sends out a constant stream of particles and energy, which drives a complex space weather system near Earth and can affect spacecraft and astronauts. NASA has chosen five new mission concept studies for further development to study various aspects of this dynamic system. (Credits: NASA)
A bill to reorganize the nation’s response to space weather has passed both houses of Congress and heads to the White House for President Donald Trump’s signature.
The Promoting Research and Observations of Space Weather to Improve the Forecasting of Tomorrow Act (PROSwift) assigns roles to federal departments and establishes an interagency working group to coordinate their activities.
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Browse:Home Featured News Crouch, Chavis earn nods for top photos
Crouch, Chavis earn nods for top photos
Published by peedeepost on September 18, 2014 | 0 Comment
By Kevin Spradlin
PeeDeePost.com
* August and prior winners
ROCKINGHAM — With entries from Rockingham to London, Sheila Crouch and Miranda Chavis took were the best of the bunch as voted on by their peers in the Richmond County Photography Group.
Eight members of the group submitted photos for the September monthly meeting, held Thursday night at the Arts Richmond building in downtown Rockingham. The same eight shutterbugs offered entries into the quarterly assignment.
Photo by Miranda Chavis
For September, cameras were aimed at “vehicles” and the subjects ranged from a toy Tesla sports car on a tabletop to heavy construction equipment and from a fire truck to a tank.
Crouch, 49, of Rockingham, used her Nikon D5100 to snap a photo of a Rockingham Fire Department truck on scene of a ruptured gas line along Highway 74 Business at Wallace and Sons Tire Center. Firefighters and workers from Piedmont Natural Gas responded to the scene. So did Crouch, who remained in her vehicle while parking in the parking lot at CVS. Crouch said she leaned out the window to snap the winning photo.
Chavis, 32, of East Rockingham, took advantage of her recent trip to France and England to win the quarterly assignment, “repetition.” Chavis used her iPhone 5 while at Kensington Palace in London. The image captures an exhibit of layered etched glass that represents the Crystal Palace. The exhibit was in celebration of Queen Victoria, Chavis said. Queen Victoria was born there.
The original Crystal Place was destroyed in 1936 by fire.
Voting was close in this category, said group leader Jimmy McDonald. Subjects ranged from a set of fire escapes from a now-torn down building in Florence, S.C., to a set of encyclopedias on a bookshelf. The top five photos all were within five points. Chavis’ snapshot took first place by a margin of a single point.
Photo by Sheila Crouch
The Richmond County Photography Group meets monthly. Membership is free and open to the public. The group next meets at 6 p.m. on Thursday, Oct. 16 at Main Street Park in Hamlet. The park is located across Main Street from the Hamlet Depot and Museum.
Along with weekly Facebook assignments that are good for nothing but sharing knowledge, tips and bragging rights, the group offers monthly and quarterly assignments.
The October assignment is “wide angle.” The new quarterly assignment, due at the December meeting, is “expression.”
Filed in: Featured News, Latest Headlines, Outdoors
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Practical Theory
A View From the Schoolhouse
> About Chris
Chris Lehmann is the founding principal and CEO of the Science Leadership Academy and the Science Leadership Academy Schools network, a network of three progressive science and technology schools in Philadelphia, PA. The Science Leadership Academy is an inquiry-driven, project-based, 1:1 laptop school that is considered to be one of the pioneers of the School 2.0 movement nationally and internationally. Science Leadership Academy is the Dell Computing Center of Excellence for Technology in Education. The school was recognized by Ladies Home Journal as one of the Ten Most Amazing Schools in the US, was recognized as a “Breaking Ranks” Model School by the National Association of Secondary School Principals, and is recognized as the Dell Computing Center of Excellence in Education. SLA has been written about in many publications including Edutopia Magazine, EdWeek and the Philadelphia Inquirer. In 2013, Chris co-founded the non-profit Inquiry Schools with Diana Laufenberg to help more schools create more empowering, modern learning experiences for students. In partnership with Inquiry Schools, Chris opened Science Leadership Academy @ Beeber campus, the second campus in the SLA model, and in 2016, Chris co-founded Science Leadership Academy Middle School. Chris returned to his native Philadelphia after nine years as an English Teacher, Technology Coordinator, Girls Basketball Coach and Ultimate Frisbee coach at the Beacon School in New York City, one of the leading urban public schools for technology integration.
Chris is the 2014 winner of the McGraw Prize in Education. In 2019, the National Association of Secondary School Principals recognized Chris as the Digital Principal of the Year. During 2016 and 2017, Chris served on Scholastic’s National Advisory Council. Chris was recognized by the Philly Geek Awards for being the 2016 Mission Leader of the Year. In June 2013, Chris was named Outstanding Leader of the Year by the International Society of Technology in Education. In November of 2012, Chris was named one of Dell’s #Inspire100 – one of the 100 people changing the world using Social Media. In April of 2012, Chris won the Lindback Award for Excellence in Principal Leadership in the School District of Philadelphia. In September of 2011, Chris was honored by the White House as a Champion of Change for his work in education reform. In June 2010, Chris was named as one of the “30 Most Influential People in EdTech” by Technology & Learning Magazine. In 2009, Chris was a honoree for the Association of Supervision and Curriculum Development’s Outstanding Young Educator Award. Chris was named as one of “40 Under 40” by Philadelphia Business Journal in 2009. In 2006, the National School Board Association named Chris one of “20 to Watch” among American administrators. In 2001, Chris was honored by MOUSE as a Champion of Technology and Education for his work on building the portal at the Beacon School.
Chris has written for such education publications as Principal Leadership Magazine, Learning and Leading with Technology Magazine, and the School Library Journal. Chris has spoken at conferences all over the world, including TEDxPhilly, TEDxNYED, the National Principals Conference, SXSW, SXSWedu, the Virginia Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development, the Pennsylvania Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development, the Building Learning Communities conference, the International Society of Technology in Education, the Philadelphia Area Educational Technology Conference, The Florida Educational Technology Conference, the Innovative Learning Conference, The Council of Educational Facilities Planners Regional Conference, the K12-Online Conference, the International Conference on Technology and Education and at the Central and Eastern European Schools Association Conference, and he has worked with many schools and districts all over the world as a consultant. Chris received his B.A. in English Literature from the University of Pennsylvania and his M.A. in English Education from Teachers College, Columbia University. Chris is co-author of Building School 2.0: How to Create the Schools We Need, co-editor of What School Leaders Need to Know about Digital Technologies and Social Media, the author of the education blog this blog Practical Theory and is father to Jakob and Theo who both go to SLA schools.
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Steven Osterman says:
Hal Munter in Florida sent me your tribute. As a member of the Vineland Class of 1963 we all are very close. Sidney was a big part of the gang. I remember Dad as a very good wrestler and a better student and a good friend. Your tribute is very true and made me cry. I have kept in contact with Mom and know of the journey that is ahead. I have faced a lot of hardship in my many years and want to say that with family support and with the faith in Hashem you will have an understanding to move ahead. I will pray for Dad and Mom and hope you all have no more sorrow in the years ahead. Your tribute to Dad was sent to many of our classmates and we all will pray at this time of need. Mom knows, if we can be of any help please call on us. May God bless you and your family at this time. Little did we all know that our growing up in Vineland would carry us so far in life.
Steve and Sandy Osterman
With such a strong emphasis on state standardized tests, how do you and your staff measure success beyond scores?
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Lucy Colangelo-Dych says:
Is this the Christopher Lehmann of mount laurel? If so congratulations in your success love to your family. I am sincerely Lucy Colangelo-Dych
Chris Lehmann says:
It’s me! Thanks!
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mrmarkleybio on Teaching Without Compulsory School
Teaching Without Compulsory School – Practical Theory on “Doing School” In The Time of Coronavirus
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19C American Walnut Wagon Seat
Posted on December 20, 2016 by Nevan O Shaughnessy
19C American Walnut Wagon Seat.
PRESENTING a GLORIOUS piece of AMERICAN HISTORY !
This is a 19th Century American Walnut Wagon Seat from circa 1860-70.
Made of hand turned walnut and the seat is covered with its original reeding.
In AMAZING CONDITION considering its age and its historical use.
This would have belonged to an early settler in the drive Westward across the US Continent by way of Wagon Train to settle new lands.
It was a very functional piece of furniture. It was made to (1) sit in a Wagon whilst travelling and (2) could be used as a piece of furniture around the homestead.
It was probably made in or around Pennsylvania or Kentucky or Virginia.
It made its way ALL THE WAY to Texas !!
Close-up of left seat
Left Armrests
Right Armrest
Right seat
Wagon train, caravan of wagons organized by settlers in the United States for emigration to the West during the late 18th and most of the 19th centuries. Composed of up to 100 Conestoga wagons (sometimes called prairie schooners), wagon trains soon became the prevailing mode of long-distance overland transportation for both people and goods. Wagon-train transportation moved westward with the advancing frontier. The 19th century saw the development of such famous roads as the Santa Fe Trail, the Oregon Trail, the Smoky Hill Trail, and the Southern Overland Mail route. It was, however, in transit westward over the Oregon-California Trail that the wagon trains attained their most highly organized and institutionalized character. Meeting in early spring at a rendezvous town, perhaps near the Missouri River, the groups would form companies, elect officers, employ guides, and collect essential supplies while awaiting favourable weather, usually in May. Those riding in the wagons were directed and protected by a few on horseback. Once organized and on their way, wagon-train companies tended to follow a fairly fixed daily routine, from 4 am rising, to 7 am leaving, 4 pm encampment, cooking and tending to chores while the animals grazed, and simple recreation before early retirement. The companies had to be prepared for such challenges as crossing rivers and mountains and meeting hostile Indians.
Wagon-train migrations are more widely known and written about than wagon freighting, which also played an essential role in an expanding America. Teamsters, best known as bullwhackers or muleskinners, conducted commercial operations on a more or less fixed two-way schedule until replaced by the railroad and the truck.
The Wagon Seat is in SUPER ORIGINAL CONDITION.
The covered wagon was long the dominant form of transport in pre-industrial America. With roots in the heavy Conestoga wagon developed for the rough, undeveloped roads and paths of the colonial East, the covered wagon spread west with American migration. Heavily relied upon along such travel routes as the Great Wagon Road and the Santa Fe and Oregon Trails, it carried settlers seeking land, gold, and new futures ever further west.
With its ubiquitous exposure in 20th century media, the covered wagon grew to become an icon of the American West. The fanciful nickname Prairie Schooner and romantic depiction in wagon trains only served to embellish the legend.
In Colonial times the Conestoga wagon[1] was popular for migration southward through the Great Appalachian Valley along the Great Wagon Road. After the American Revolution it was used to open up commerce to Pittsburgh and Ohio. The Conestoga, often in long wagon trains, was the primary overland cargo vehicle over the Appalachian Mountains until the development of the railroad. The wagon was pulled by a team of up to eight horses or up to a dozen oxen. For this purpose, the Conestoga horse, a special breed of medium to heavy draft horses, was developed.[2]
Once breached, the moderate terrain and fertile land between the Appalachians and the Mississippi was rapidly settled. In the mid-nineteenth century thousands of Americans took a wide variety of farm wagons[3] across the Great Plains from developed parts of the Midwest to places in the West such as California, Oregon, Colorado, and Montana. Overland migrants typically fitted any sturdy wagon with five or six wooden or metal bows that arched high over the bed. Over this was stretched canvas or similar sturdy cloth, creating the distinctive covered wagon silhouette.
Covered wagons were primarily used to transport cargo, as well as small children, elderly, and the infirm. Lacking suspensions, their rides were rough even over good ground, all but unbearable over rough. Those who could, walked.
While covered wagons traveling short distances on good roads could be drawn by horses, those crossing the plains were usually pulled by a team of two or more pairs of oxen. These were driven by a teamster or drover, who walked at the left side of the team and directed the oxen with verbal commands and whipcracks. Mules were also used, harnessed and controlled from the wagon with reins.
One covered wagon generally carried the belongings of five people.[citation needed] A well-to-do family might have two or three, or a group of single men traveling together might share one. While crossing the plains, emigrants banded together to form wagon trains for mutual assistance and occasionally defense (the latter purpose and associated formation giving rise to the still-used idiom “circle [or ‘circled’ or ‘circling’] the wagons”).
Prairie schooner is a fanciful name for the covered wagon drawing on their broad white canvas covers, romantically envisioned as the sails of a ship crossing the sea.
Link: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Covered_wagon#/media/File:Crossing_the_Mississippi_on_the_Ice_by_C.C.A._Christensen.png
THIS IS YOUR CHANCE TO OWN A PIECE OF THE HISTORY OF THE WEST !!
Provenance: Part of a Private Collection of a High-End Collection amassed over 30 years
Dimensions: 28.5″ Tall, 35″ Wide and 16″ Deep
Condition: Excellent original condition – Museum Quality.
19C American Hunzinger Style Walnut Platform Rocking Chair
19C American Hunzinger Style Walnut Platform Rocking Chair. LOVELY 19th Century American hand turned walnut…
19C American Dark Walnut Bevelled Mirror
19C American Dark Walnut Bevelled Mirror. Presenting a RARE 19C American Dark Walnut Bevelled Mirror. From…
Category: American, American Furniture - General, American Sofas & Chairs, Bric a Brac
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Somizi Mhlongo is a legend.
If you need me to qualify that statement, then maybe you need to stop in your tracks and recognize a career which spans over thirty eight years of consummate professionalism.
There isn’t a single thing in the entertainment industry that Somzi Mhlongo has not done. From radio, to internet radio, to series and reality TV, to hit singles and covers like “Intandane” and “Current.” To acting on international movies opposite stars like James Earl Jones and Whoopi Goldberg. To choreography for every single one of the biggest events on the South Africa social calendar, Somizi Mhlongo has done it. Not once but over and over again
Somizi Mhlongo with Khanyi Mbau
The only real reason one can demand qualification for calling him a legend, is if you believe that the word icon is more appropriate. And I certainly would agree to that.
At the 23rd edition of the South African Music Awards, Somizi Mhlongo brought down the gauntlet. With apposite easy and meticulous execution Somizi delivered a performance so spirited and intelligent; that a new standard was defined for hosting the biggest event on the South African music almanac.
He is reported to have brought 8 outfits, but only used 6, as 2 were a back-up. His fashion choices were, in his own words “bezi vithiza shem.” His sense of humour, which some may have thought was shade, helped cut the tension in the Sun City Super Bowl.
This being the first awards after the 90% local music rule was announced by the national broadcaster, and with the controversies overshadowing the Metro Awards results. The mood going into this year’s SAMA’s was loaded with pontification at best. But with Somizi’s wizardry, tension melted like sand in an hour glass.
The most authentic analysis of our football in 20 years. To order your copy of the book for R180 – email books@Obzeva.co.za
Actress and comedian Tumi Morake was there as a co-host. And although she held her own with class and distinction. Her presence was more like garnish on a culinary experience best served to
kings. Which left me with a thought. Surely the SAMA organizing committee could be best served if the next year’s anchor, co-hosts in this year’s event. This would definitely kill all manner of cold feet in the hosts first year. Just a thought.
Anyway, as I sum up.
Last week’s display by the Iconic Somizi Mhlongo was a pedagogic display of stamina for the stage, for a live audience and live televisions in a way that goes beyond the levels anybody could have anticipated. It’s a pity we stole the opportunity to celebrate this momentous occasion, by focusing on an apology that should have never have stolen the headlines. And while SAMA 24 is twelve months away, one cannot wait to see what this genius of theatrical performance has in store to take his performance to a celestial level.
Congratulations Somizi, you deserve a whooooooo shem!
By Obzeva|2017-06-07T18:12:31+02:00June 6th, 2017|Magazine|Comments Off on Somizi Mhlongo is a legend.
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Seema Sapra - General Electric corruption whistle-blower: the Truth prevails
Ex General Electric lawyer and whistleblower on $GE corruption and a #MeToo #MeTooIndia survivor who exposed lawyers Soli Sorabjee & Raian Karanjawala being poisoned and #Forcedtobeg
Read below my curriculum vitae until before I ended up as a whistle-blower after working for General Electric in India briefly in 2010
seema.sapra@gmail.com
Twitter @SeemaSapraLaw
YouTube https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCeLm2K_hgSHbAI4QRx4zHew?view_as=subscriber
For more on General Electric corruption in India in connection with the Indian Rail tenders for the proposed diesel locomotive factory at Marhowra and the proposed electric locomotive factory at Madhepura, see
http://generalelectric-seccomplaint.blogspot.in/ Whistleblower SEC complaint TCR1439646785831 against General Electric Company
http://generalelectricfakeauthoritydocs.blogspot.in/ Fake Authority Docs for General Electric Company filed in Delhi High Court
http://geimpersonationfraud.blogspot.in/ General Electric substituted fake representative/ signatory in Indian corruption legal case
http://geindiafakeauthoritydocs.blogspot.in/ Fake Authority Docs for GE India Industrial Private Limited filed in Delhi High Court
http://generalelectricforgery.blogspot.in/ General Electric forged Kazakhstan Rail customer cert for India Marhowra rail tender
http://gewhistleblower.blogspot.in/ evidence of attempts to eliminate Seema Sapra, General Electric Company whistleblower in India
http://gecorruption.blogspot.in/ FCPA alert- General Electric paid bribes to Indian public officials using third party contractor - Aartech Consultants India Private Limited
http://gemarhowracorruption.blogspot.in/ Corruption by PwC and General Electric Company in Marhowra diesel locomotive factory Project
http://gemarhowracorruptionpart2.blogspot.in/ Shakeel Ahmed, Indian Rail official corruptly vetted GE 2008 bid documents for Marhowra Project
http://gecorruptionpart2.blogspot.in/ General Electric corruptly obtained Indian Rail Marhowra Project bid docs before they were public
http://gecorruptionpart3.blogspot.in/ Wikileaks US Embassy cables on creation of Marhowra loco factory Project for General Electric
http://gecorruptionpart4.blogspot.in/ General Electric corruption & fraud to avoid mandatory disclosures in India tender
http://gecorruptionpart5.blogspot.in/ #FCPA Why is General Electric bidding for India electric loco tender which it does not manufacture
http://gemoneylaundering.blogspot.in/ Money laundering by General Electric using NDTV in India
http://propagandaoutfitlegallyindia.blogspot.in/ Clifford Chance funded Kian Ganz & Legally India website target General Electric whistleblower
http://seemasapra.blogspot.com/ Seema Sapra - General Electric corruption whistle-blower: the Truth prevails
http://seemasapralaw.blogspot.in/ Fair Comment on Law, Justice and other Stuff
http://seemasaprapictures.blogspot.in/ Pictures of General Electric Company whistleblower Seema Sapra
http://solisorabjeealert.blogspot.in/ - Seema Sapra's sexual harassment complaint against former Attorney General of India Soli J. Sorabjee
http://seemasapralegal.blogspot.in/ General Electric Company whistleblower Seema Sapra being targeted in Delhi High Court
http://writpetitionrecordinwp1280of2012.blogspot.in/ - Court Record in Seema Sapra's whistle-blower corruption case against General Electric Company
http://monteksinghahluwalia-alert.blogspot.com/ - Montek Singh Ahluwalia - an American spy and economic hit-man
http://sureshprabhu-alert.blogspot.in/ - The Scams, Corruption, Conflict of Interest & Benami Companies of Suresh Prabhu
Legal Counsel for GE Transportation India in Delhi (2010 – 5 months)
Consultant to Microsoft India on Innovation & IP law and policy - 2009-2010 in Delhi (approx. six months)
Visiting fellow at Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations, New Delhi, 2008-2009, working on trade policy, climate change and energy policy
Director – Trade & Policy, at Delhi office of law firm Amarchand Mangaldas, Suresh A. Shroff & Co, 2008. Worked on trade policy, competition policy, nuclear policy, investment policy, India’s comprehensive economic cooperation agreements, anti-dumping.
Visiting Fellow at the Institute of International Economic Law, Georgetown University Law Center in Washington DC 2004-2005, worked on trade and investment policy and law
Assisted GE India General Counsel, Ruby Anand as off-counsel from approx. 1999 till 2001
Associate in the office of Soli J Sorabjee, Attorney General of India, 2000-2001
Empaneled lawyer for the Government of India in the Supreme Court of India and the High Court of Delhi in 1999-2001
Lawyer with the litigation law firm of M/s Karanjawala & Co. in New Delhi, 1995-2000
Extensive litigation experience in the Supreme Court of India, the High Court of Delhi, and various special tribunals.
Policy expertise
Bilateral and regional trade agreements
Investment policy, bilateral investment treaties
Climate change and sustainable development
Energy efficiency and climate change
Innovation policy, technology transfer and intellectual property
LLM tutor for the World Trade Law joint course at University College London and the School of Oriental and African Studies (2007)
Contract law tutor for 1st Year LLB at the University of Westminster, School of Law as a part-time visiting lecturer (2007)
Guest lectures for the LLM program at Kings College London and University of Leicester law school
PhD studies at Kings College London 2003-2007 (not completed)
Title of proposed thesis: The Place, Treatment, and Meaning of Development in the WTO
Research supervisor - Professor Piet Eeckhout, Kings College London
3 year research fellowship by the Centre for European Law, Kings College London
LLM in Public International Law with distinction at the University of Leicester, 2001-2003
British Chevening scholar
LLB from the Campus Law Centre, University of Delhi - Ist Division. 1995
Diploma in Environmental Law from the Centre for Environmental Law, WWF-India -1994-1995
B. A. Honors in English Literature from St Stephen's College, University of Delhi - 1992
Editorial Assistant for the Journal of International Economic law, 2004-2005 based at Georgetown University Law Center, Washington DC
Internship with the United Nations Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda in Arusha, Tanzania 2002-2003
Article titled “Sustainable Development and the role of the Indian Supreme Court”, ASERI (Milan) publication, 2009
Article titled “An Agenda for Teaching International Economic Law in Indian Law Schools”, Indian Journal of International Economic Law, 2009, National Law School, Bangalore
Article titled “The WTO System of Trade Governance: The Stale NGO Debate and the Appropriate Role for Non-state actors” in Oregon Review of International Law Journal, volume 11 issue 1, 2009
Chapter titled ‘Domestic Politics and the Search for a New Social Purpose of Governance for the WTO: A Proposal for a Declaration on Domestic Consultation’ in Debra Steger (ed.) Redesigning the World Trade Organization for the Twenty-first Century, Wilfrid Laurier University Press, 2009
Chapter titled ‘New Agendas for International Economic Law Teaching in India: Including an Agenda in Support of Reform’ in Colin B. Picker, Isabella Bunn & Douglas Arner, (ed.) INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC LAW - THE STATE & FUTURE OF THE DISCIPLINE, Hart Publishing, 2008
‘Ideas of Embedded Liberalism and Current and Future Challenges for the WTO’, in Ortino and Ripinsky, WTO Law and Process, British Institute of International and Comparative Law, 2007. pg 330 - 352
Development: Its Place, Treatment, and Meaning at the WTO / Seema Sapra (2006). In: Proceedings of the American Society of International Law Annual Meeting, Vol. 100, pg 223-226
Papers / Conferences
Presented paper titled “An Indian perspective on sustainable development: the role of the Indian higher judiciary” at panel discussion at ASERI, Milan in December 2008
Panelist for EDGE network panel on WTO Institutional Reform at the Inaugural conference of the Society for International Economic Law, Geneva, 15-17 July 2008
Presented paper titled “Developing Countries and Outreach to Non-State Actors in the WTO”, at an EDGE network project workshop on WTO institutional reform in March 2008 at Centre for International Governance Innovation, Waterloo, Ontario.
Presented paper titled “The Case for International Economic Law Teaching in India: Possible Agendas Including an Agenda in Support of Reform” at the Annual Conference of the International Economic Law Interest Group of the American Society of International Law at Bretton Woods in November, 2006
Panelist at the sixth Annual WTO Conference hosted by the British Institute of International and Comparative Law in May 2006, on the topic “Doha Development Round: Current and Future Challenges”
Presented paper titled “Development - Its Place, Treatment and Meaning at the WTO” at the 100th Annual Meeting of the American Society of International Law, Washington D.C. 2006.
Presented paper titled “Special and Differential Treatment in international trade law” at the Institute of International Economic Law (IIEL), Georgetown University Law Center in September 2005
Presented paper titled “Constructivism and Special and Differential Treatment in international trade law” at the 2005 conference of the International Law Association, British Branch held at Edinburgh in May 2005
Bar Council of Delhi
Society of International Economic Law
Asian WTO Research Network
General Electric Company General Counsel Alex Dimitrief & GE Vice President Litigation, Bradford Berenson both executed illegal Powers of Attorney in 2012 & 2013 which violated GE's board resolution
http://generalelectricfakeauthoritydocs.blogspot.in/
General Electric Company General Counsel Alex Dimitrief & GE Vice President, Litigation, Bradford Berenson both executed illegal Powers of Attorney in 2012 & 2013 which violated GE's board resolution
See the illegal Power of Attorney executed by Alex Dimitrief at https://drive.google.com/file/d/0BxHBZ8fQxNoQVEJtd0c2LXNOZVk/view This ill...
http://gemarhowracorruption.blogspot.in/ The PwC & Vinod Sharma conflict of interest & GE corruption in Marhowra Project
On Twitter @SeemaSapraLaw
My picture
Unauthorised and fraudulent Impersonation of Gener...
Delhi High Court record in whistle-blower corruption case against General Electric - Writ Petition (Civil) No. 1280/ 2012 in the matter of Seema Sapra v. General Electric Company and Others
Evidence of conspiracy & ongoing attempts to elimi...
The corruption, fraud, bribery, forgery and illegal lobbying charges against General Electric Company in India- court case pending in the Delhi High Court - Writ Petition Civil 1280/2012 (Seema Sapra v General Electric Company & Ors)
Deliberate dislocation and destruction of my left ...
Orders dated 25 May 2012; 18 April 2013; 10 Januar...
Attempts on my life, instances of drugging, poison...
Dossier on Montek Singh Ahluwalia filed with CM 12...
Complaint to the Complaint Procedure Unit, UN Huma...
Covert disinformation campaign about General Elect...
Complaint of money laundering against General Elec...
Montek the US agent - Complaint against Mr Montek ...
Wiki-leaks cables showing General Electric corrupt...
Montek Singh Ahluwalia - An American spy and economic hit-man
Seema Sapra's sexual harassment complaint against former Attorney General of India Soli J. Sorabjee
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Subject heading: South Carolina -- History -- Revolution, 1775-1783 -- Fiction. (x)
Setting: South Carolina Lowcountry (x)
F.O.C. Darley (1)
[F.O.C. Darley] (1)
Barsfield (1)
Colonel Walton (1)
Ernest Mellichampe (1)
Janet Berkeley (1)
Katharine Walton (1)
Major Robert Singleton (1)
Porgy (2)
Thumbscrew Witherspoon (1)
Anonymous [William Gilmore Simms] (1)
W. Gilmore Simms, Esq. (2)
Dedicatee
Colonel M.C.M. Hammond (1)
Joseph Johnson, MD (1)
Richardson & Cox, SC (1)
Whitney, Jocelyn, & Annin, SC (1)
Stereotyper
C.C. Savage (1)
Mellichampe: A Legend of the Santee
The second of eight novels in the Revolutionary War series, William Gilmore Simms’s Mellichampe was originally published by Harper in 1836, then revised and republished in the Redfield edition in 1854. The story follows the fictional band of Francis Marion’s partisans in the fall of 1780 after the Battle of Camden, as they engage in guerrilla warfare on the Santee River against loyalist and British forces. In his advertisement to the first edition, Simms considered Mellichampe a “Historical romance” that accurately conveyed the career of Marion[1] to the “very ...
Novel (Romance) | Harper & Brothers | 1836
Woodcraft; or, Hawks About the Dovecote
Written in the “midst of one of the most productive creative surges in his career,”[1] Woodcraft; or, Hawks About the Dovecote: A Story of the South at the Close of the Revolution makes the most serious and sustained claim as Simms’s masterpiece in the novel form.[2] The fifth novel composed in Simms’s saga of the American Revolution, it is set during the chaotic close and aftermath of the war. This makes it the last (eighth) Revolutionary Romance in terms of chronological action. As the work opens, the British are evacuating Charleston in December 1782. Then the novel shifts ...
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tdotSpec
we publish cool $#!t
Speculative North Magazine
Issue #1 (May 2020)
Issue #2 (August 2020)
Issue #3 (December 2020)
We are a team of writers and editors from Toronto, dedicated to publishing awesome speculative fiction that reflects diverse and vibrant voices from around the world. We publish stories you want to talk about at parties--stories with compelling hooks, writing that grabs you with the first line, and concepts that grab you before then.
tdotSpec encourages and promotes emerging writers from Toronto and Canada, and spotlights speculative fiction talent across the world. Not all of our stories come from Canadian authors, but our publications promote the values of Toronto and Canada. We are a positive, inclusive, and diverse publication company.
David F. Shultz
Lead Editor
https://davidfshultz.com/
@davidfshultz
David F. Shultz writes short fiction and poetry from Toronto, ON. His more than 50 published works appear in publications such as Abyss & Apex and Dreams and Nightmares.
Don Miasek
@DonMiasek
Don writes and edits speculative fiction from Toronto, ON.
K. M. McKenzie
Editor / Social Media Team
http://www.kmmauthor.com/
@Kebramm
K.M. McKenzie is a Toronto-based writer obsessed with social media and society's woes. Her short story, "Consumption" is published in the Strange Economics anthology.
Mitchell "the itch" Harris
Marketing & Operations
http://www.theitchwrites.com
@theitchwrites
Mitchell "the itch" Harris is the pseudonym of a Toronto-based IT consultant and amateur writer. He organizes Toronto Horror Writers and is also active online in various writing communities.
Editors & Readers
tdotSpec wishes to thank its incredibly devoted team of volunteer submissions editors and readers, without whom none of the amazing work we're doing would be possible:
Brandon Butler (@2BWritingStuff): A published author from Halifax, Nova Scotia currently living in Ontario, Canada. Brandon is a previous winner of the Writers of the Future Contest: second quarter prize winner, featured in Volume XIX. His latest work has also been accepted for publication with Helios Quarterly Magazine and forthcoming anthologies from Bad Dream Entertainment and Dragon's Roost Press.
Justin Dill (@JustinDill13): Justin Dill is a Toronto-based writer, editor, and podcaster. He subsists on a steady diet of horror films, Disney animated features, and young adult fantasy novels. His professional certifications include a certificate in publishing and a professional development award in children's publishing. Hear his ramblings on the podcast Story From Scratch.
Jeff Butler (@jrbutler_writer): Science equipment salesman selling electrodes and lightening towers (of sorts) to the aspiring Frankensteins of the world.
Wayne Cusack: Wayne Cusack lives in Toronto. His short story, ‘Guns or Butter’ has been published in the Strange Economics anthology.
Jessica Rust (@jessarust): Jessica is an avid reader and writer of all things sci-fi and fantasy. She lives and works in the Toronto area.
A.M. Todd (@todd_a_m)
Y. M. Pang (@YMPangWriter)
Shivani K., Emil, Calder, Marty H., Anna, Peter, Marlaina, Vineet & Luc
Diversity is an asset, and an institutional strength within a writing community. We value diversity in age, gender, sexual orientation, education, cultural background, religion, experience, ability, neurotype, and any other dimension that affects human experience. Diversity is valuable everywhere, but it is especially valuable in a community whose primary trade is writing about human experiences. Diversity enriches our stories, and it enriches our lives.
Toronto is a vibrant and diverse multicultural community, and Canada is an officially multicultural nation according to our Constitution. At tdotSpec, we believe in the value of multiculturalism and diversity, and we strive to publish a wide range of voices, especially those of traditionally underrepresented perspectives and experiences.
You can support us in our mission to publish cool $#!t by signing up for our mailing list. We'll let you know when we have free stories to download, cool new projects in the works, or when we launch new flagship-series products.
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Kenneth Griffith
Creation and Direction
30 October 2018 23 October 1964 by Angus Wilson
‘A Vision of England’, Tempo’s homage to Shakespeare
Trevor Howard and Leo McKern
Donald Houston in the hands of the make-up artist
‘The Bundle’ succeeds admirably, but it may well be objected that whether or not the paintings of psychotics can be considered art, the free expression of twelve-year-olds is no more than an improvised school play. Art, not the untutored imagination, is the subject of Tempo, and art is altogether more difficult than camera-trapping children, however dexterously their secret wonderings may have been caught. The objection has some force, for ‘The Bundle’ (though, in fact, far more) gains by its strong element of sociology; and documentary, as I have suggested, is television’s one certain, overwhelming victory. What about trapping the artist, the adult sane creative imagination? Has television the art to do it?
There immediately springs to mind the Tempo programme — ‘The Medium-Sized Cage’, the story of the inventing and making of a television comment by a group of students at the Film and T.V. Design Section of the Royal College of Art. I write ‘comment’ for the invention was neither play nor documentary nor plain performance, it was something moving between all three, peculiarly designed by the students I suppose, to illustrate the special properties of that medium-sized cage — the television box. The title comes from Samuel Beckett’s Murphy where it is used to describe the desolate, anonymous yet enclosing qualities of the typical bedsitting room. The programme takes us from a group of students devising the programme to the comment itself — the picture internal and external of a young man (art student — one time would be sculptor) ‘moving digs’. With the background sound of a jazz group and the foreground details of empty bedsitters changing from anonymity to obsession as they fill up with the possessions (pinups, health and strength, comic-photo montage, ton-up equipment, skull and crossbones, science-fiction masks, and above all, shiny black leather boots) which give our hero his existence, we hear him — ‘outsider’, provincial, nearly twenty-four years old, everyman’s Albert Finney — in interior monologue over the detailed camera work. ‘Interests — sex, being alive and myself’, ‘War and death relate to myself’, ‘I wonder who lived here and collected all this junk?’ ‘Organs, religion, churches repel me’, ‘I could make some of these working class films, give me the money’ — the thoughts, if now familiar, are authentic. And so he could make one of these working class films, but what is made in ‘The Medium-Sized Cage’ is the distillation of Saturday Night and Sunday Morning or This Sporting Life, reduced to this single figure and his stream of consciousness, with his every associated object lovingly caressed in turn by the television cameras. The combination discloses a whole world of lusts, fantasies, ambitions and frustrations in a single set with a single actor, by using, as only television can, voice and pictures to combine the literary techniques of the naturalist like Zola with those of Joyce. This double technique is television’s greatest gift to artistic economy. Here the process can be peculiarly brief, for we know the young man’s type so well before the action starts. Publicity today has already reduced him to self-parody. As he says, with the inverted commas of self-consciousness, ‘My philosophy — anarchism!’ So far has the outsider travestied himself since Colin Wilson first burst forth upon the English scene.
Perriot, too moonstruck to shove the narrator out of camera
I have written that the camera dwells most lovingly upon the objects, the junk of the young man’s life and sequences of his daydreams, but this is perhaps not quite accurate, for it is above all upon the young man himself as he stretches on his dreary bed — ‘the boxer must have a dressing room to relax in’ — that the camera descends, catching all his drifting daydreams and the self-mockery with which he protects himself from them. Each line of his body seems to suggest an aimless wandering that mocks those flashing jackboots, symbol of his cherished toughness and virility, to which the camera turns again and again in ironic comment.
There is nothing here, of course, that cinema could not do, but the mammoth scope of cinema could never content itself with caressing so limited an area of physical reality, so confined and repetitious a consciousness, nor probe so deeply, even for the short-running time of ‘The Medium-Sized Cage’.
The programme ends with a return to the students telling us of their social backgrounds and ambitions. Once again this emphasis on the creators seems an intrusion on what they have created. However, at least, they are not indulging in commentary on their work; they are telling us of themselves, and their accents proudly proclaiming almost every region of Great Britain offer authenticity for the portrait of youth on the move that they have offered us. The only puzzle that remains is why students of television should produce something so exact and sufficient, and television companies produce such…. But there is no mystery really. One can imagine exactly the kind of overplotted, socially significant play into which this comment would be blown up by most drama departments. And one knows exactly the many spurious pressures that would make for such inflation.
With ‘The Medium-Sized Cage’, however, we are still with one foot in documentary, and the other foot in television itself, which, alas, is a tautology if we wish to show that television is an art. There are two immediate directions by which we can find our way out of television into older means of expression — by way of cinema or by way of theatre.
Tempo has largely avoided programmes about cinema (though there was at least one notable one about Polish film acting marred only by the tedium of listening to an interpreter). I am sure that this has been a wise decision. The love-hate relationship of television and cinema is demonstrated in the mixture of dependence and contempt with which television planners use old films to fill in programme gaps. The public, shrewdly as usual, exactly echoes this mood in the loving grumbling with which it greets these substituted old cinema favourites. Cinema in space and motion can do so much more than television; television, by way of revenge, seems to reduce the films it presents to a kind of animated magic lantern show. As for tracing the processes of cinema creation, these, where they are not too technical for the average viewer to follow, are too close to those of television itself. The viewer would only be presented with an enormously magnified version of that studio scenery and life which, since someone brightly thought of doing without props, has been the increasingly deadening and monotonous background to so many television programmes, from interviews to variety.
False premise? The American show 'The Premise' revealed its secret to Tempo but standing up or lying down they were equally flat
‘The Scapegoat’
Lloyd Reckord and Anthony Nicholls in a programme for Easter
The guard pleads for the life of the victim
The relationship between television and live theatre is a far more subtle one and Tempo has made many attempts, some excellent, others less good, to get at some of the facts that lie behind the mystique of ‘good theatre’ so strongly adhered to by that intuitive profession. The least successful programmes about theatre were those which attempted to give the flavour of a current show in excerpt, such as ‘Lions led by Donkeys’, the programme about Oh, What a Lovely War. I write ‘about’, but this was really the trouble; I do not think that a viewer who had not seen the show on the stage would have really known from the television programme what it was about, except in the most general terms. The commentator kept his explanations to the minimum. In general this is the greatest virtue that a commentator can show — and even here it was not perhaps more explanation that was needed but more passion in explaining. Of course, I was at a disadvantage in knowing the stage original well, but it seemed to me that the shot of the wonderfully funny ‘Roses are Blooming in Picardy’ or the deeply moving Christmas 1914 in the trenches failed to convey the emotions that came off the stage. There were Murray Melvin and Victor Spinetti doing their stuff and yet somehow the life had gone from it; I could only be excited by remembering what I had felt in the theatre. There was not enough of the show, nor enough coherence in the excerpts to convey Miss Littlewood’s peculiarly powerful propaganda, so powerful because of the very over-simplifying that makes it so infuriating, or her wonderful mockery of fruity music hall. A more passionate commentary might have welded it together; but the subject that demands passionate commentary is, I think, wrongly chosen for television. Which is not to say that it should not have been shown — one of television’s functions is to give a taste of contemporary plays or books for those who would not otherwise see them — but only that it was good entertainment but uninteresting television.
Something of the same difficulty attended the two programmes ‘Ad Absurdum’ about the theatre of the absurd. Yet here the excerpts and discussions based on Martin Esslin’s book had such variety of laughter and gloom that the viewer, who was not amazed and shocked by the outrageous novelty of it all (and thousands of viewers must have been), could be kept alert by the sheer jolting as he swung on the maniac-depressive pendulum from Ionesco to Beckett to Pinter to Simpson. Yet, if it had not been for the wonderful virtuoso acting of Kenneth Griffith — television more even than the stage showed what a lively actor can get in sheer liberation from talking nonsense — ‘Ad Absurdum’ would have primarily served to show how, if cinema evades television through movement, the theatre (particularly the verbose theatre of Waiting for Godot) weighs the television screen down with its static inertia. In Ionesco’s famous play Amédée the corpse of the lover grows and grows until it fills the flat — he is suffering from ‘geometrical progression — the incurable disease of the dead’. Even this slow morbid growth seems lively beside the stillness of Beckett’s tramps and dustbins and rubbish heaps.
Laszlo Heltay - Hungarian conductor - shows us that 'Carols mean Christmas'
No, once again, it is the making of the play, not the play itself, that television can bring alive. With the right personality, it must at once be said. From the earliest days of Tempo (as one might expect with Kenneth Tynan, the original inspiration of the programme) theatrical production and acting had a front place. The first of such programmes used interviews with cut-ins of filmed live productions or of stills to illustrate theatrical reminiscence. Interview has its faults, but they are perhaps exaggerated in television circles nowadays. It is primarily on interview surely that television’s brilliant journalistic achievement has been built up. The faulty development has been to overpower the personalities of the interviewed by the creation of celebrated interviewers (whether wreathed in smoke like Muggeridge or frozen into ice blocks like Freeman). The theatrical interviews on Tempo told me a lot about the effects of interviewing on television. The interview between Dan Farson and Gordon Craig at the old man’s home in Vence was one of the most memorable I have seen on television. Farson seemed quite obliterated (as an interviewer should be) by the force of the ninety-year-old Craig’s personality — so reminiscent of the Yellow Book era in his mixture of elaborate imagery (‘Irving’s voice was like a leopard’s smile’) and epigrammatic malice (‘Stanislavsky’s method? I don’t think I really know it. He was not very serious over it, I think’).
After Gordon Craig’s performance, Elia Kazan’s New York serious ‘theatre’ manner (the New York intelligentsia is often portentous, theatre people being serious are always heavy-handed, but the combination!) seemed like an embarrassingly sincere undergraduate talking his way through a tutorial for which he’d done no reading. Yet in the end I was to discover that it was not Gordon Craig’s personality that made Farson’s interview with him so excellent; it was rather that Farson was literally not there. He had arrived at Vence with a cold and the old man’s nonagenarian caution had rightly excluded him. Recipe, then, for a really good interview. Let the interviewee talk and mix afterwards with a few shots of the interviewer.
Another personality interviewed early on (by Tynan himself and very skilfully) was Franco Zeffirelli. His mixture of overpowering boyish charm, tenacity and toughness, and his original views that hang dangerously between the sublime and the vulgar made him even in that interview, where the formidable Joan Littlewood was third party, the figure that mattered. Miss Littlewood, using all her zany little-girl tricks, tried to hammer Zeffirelli on his Othello production. ‘First thing I’d do,’ she told him, ‘is clear the stage … make the audience work … cut psychology, cut character analysis.’ All good straight left stuff that we have heard her dish up before. In fact, I agree with it. But it somehow seems empty when Zeffirelli (tough-charm boy any time to match Joan Littlewood’s little-girl stuff) tells us that he has set out to give the ‘pompous state life of Venice’, to show in Othello ‘the tragedy of all V.I.P. men’. The reasoning is good, however much it is only an excuse for the high romanticism he craves. The resulting Othello may veer from the highest poetic tragedy to a suggestion of what Duse would have been like produced by Tree, but in a theatre world dedicated to improvisation Zeffirelli’s extravagances are intensely exciting.
Bedsitter manhood - the mask...
...and the boots
It was then a splendid inspiration of the Tempo producers to show Zeffirelli rehearsing John Stride as Hamlet and Pamela Brown as Gertrude in the closet scene. An even better inspiration to call it ‘A Wind of Change’. Zeffirelli in interview, of course, was only an hors d’oeuvre to Zeffirelli in rehearsal. The mobility of his face is of a very unusual kind. Most men with conventional good looks (and Zeffirelli is very good-looking) can look noble or sentimental as required. Zeffirelli’s version of nobility is somehow savage and violent, his version of softer emotions is just on the edge of the clown. Since he mimes every gesture his actors make, the rehearsal would be a magnificent show if nothing else. But it is, in fact, much more, for Zeffirelli’s method of instruction, for all his charm, is steely rather than silken. From the beginning of the act until at any rate the murder of Polonius we saw conflict in the making of art — conflict between Zeffirelli and John Stride as Hamlet — conflict in which, despite an obvious real friendliness between the two men, Stride clearly found the producer’s ideas doubtful and alien to him. Zeffirelli made it clear that what thought was ‘what happened in Hamlet’. He posited at least three unorthodox views. Hamlet, when he kills Polonius, is relieved for he believes that he has killed the King and solved his dilemma; Hamlet hated his father who had sent him to Wittenburg because he did not think him a suitable heir to the throne; no ghost appears in the closet scene. Of these three propositions Stride sensibly seized on the second, for it is certainly the most outrageous. But Zeffirelli, for all his limited command of English and his boyish manner, won the day by aggression, determination and belief in himself. The film of the Italian production of Hamlet that followed seemed a slight anticlimax. It was a relief to see giant romantic acting again — Gordon Craig would have loved it. But the really exciting moment had been the conflict that went into its making — the short, fierce clash of wills between producer and actor. And its resolution in Zeffirelli’s favour. Too often on television the arts appear to be all sweetness and light, but art is founded on conflict and tension, and for a moment we had seen the very core of creative conflict in action.
Categories TempoTags A Vision of England, Ad Absurdum, Amédée, Anthony Nicholls, Carols mean Christmas, Colin Wilson, Daniel Farson, Donald Houston, Elia Kazan, Franco Zeffirelli, Gordon Craig, Hamlet, Joan Littlewood, John Stride, Kenneth Griffith, Kenneth Tynan, Laszlo Heltay, Leo McKern, Lions led by Donkeys, Lloyd Reckord, Martin Esslin, Murray Melvin, Oh What a Lovely War, Othello, Pamela Brown, Perriot, Roses are Blooming Picardy, Royal College of Art, Samuel Beckett, Saturday Night and Sunday Morning, The Bundle, The Medium-Sized Cage, The Premise, The Scapegoat, This Sporting Life, Trevor Howard, Victor Spinetti, Waiting for Godot, William ShakespeareLeave a comment
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Pop culture essay
Popular Culture and Narrative: Literature, Comics, and Culture
Writing pop culture essays: One could argue that Andy Warhol turned pop culture or the interpretation of it into its own head. Tips on writing an essay about pop culture. Writers who deliver high-quality pop culture essays consider the following tips. First, the writes select good topics with much interest in pop culture.
Pop Culture undefined | Complex
Nov 13, 2013 · 50+ videos Play all Mix - Folk and Popular Culture Video Essay (AP Human Geography) YouTube Why Pop Culture?: Alexandre O. Philippe at TEDxMileHigh - Duration: 12:47.
Identity And Generation Influence By Popular Culture
Pop culture’s impact is much stronger than it seems to be. Therefore, if someone is thinking these are just pointless debate topics, he/she couldn’t be more wrong. Actually, pop culture is a
Pop Culture Essay Topics: Great Ideas For Pop Culture Paper
topics are commonly perceived by individuals from the general public as the themes on briefs, practices, customs, and items that are dominant in a specific community for a given point in time. Additionally, popular culture topics incorporate exercises and emotions caused when interactions with
| Topics Examples And Writing Tips
Pop Culture Essay Examples Available Here. The phrase ‘pop culture’ has become a common part of mainstream terminology. It can be hard to pick one thing to focus on from the many pop culture essay topics available to write about.
Media and Pop Culture - Essays on Essays: A Bibliographic Wiki
The last thing you need to complete your is the conclusion – which is the fifth paragraph. It’s not difficult to write it, don’t worry. You need to restate the thesis, summarize all of the main ideas in the text, and then wrap it all up with a call to action or some other type of ending.
Free Culture Topics for Writing - Essay Samples and
The in on essay write how to an pop culture vivo/in vitro approach to your writing. To refute + 17. For the sake of what is known as the training you could ask questions, so don t assume you know how you're going to see a possible expansion of the argument with him or her.
Top 10 Topic Ideas To Write About In Your
In this course, we will investigate popular culture and narrative by focusing on the relationship between literary texts and comics. Several questions shape the syllabus and provide a framework for approaching the course materials: How do familiar aspects of comics trace their origins to literary texts and broader cultural concerns? How have classic comics gone on to influence literary fiction
The Definition of Popular Culture in Sociology
Sep 29, 2017 · Help me make more videos! https://www.patreon.com/popdetective This is the 2nd of two video essays about gender on The Big Bang Theory. The 1st focuses on a popular
Wikipedia:"In popular culture" content - Wikipedia
media and culture Essay examples; Media and Popular Culture Popular culture is different from traditional culture; it is based on the timeline of the significant characteristics of a culture. Popular culture is the ideas, attitudes, thinking, memes, images, and other phenomena that are in the mainstream of a given culture, especially the
Writing On Popular Culture: A List Of Arguable Topics
We'll talk about ways to keep up with the latest in entertainment, the elements of a "smart" pop culture piece, and how to expand these ideas into book form. In this class, you'll work to develop your own essay, blog post, or article and submit it for feedback from myself and …
The Best Examples
In terms of structure and writing stages, a culture essay doesn’t differ from other papers. It follows the usual flow – the introduction with a thesis, the main part, and the conclusion. The very concept of culture is rather broad – that’s why in order to write a good paper, it is better to focus on some kind of culture.
media and culture Essay examples - 2246 Words | Bartleby
Feminism in Pop Culture: the Good, the Bad, and the Topless. It’s undeniable that women have come a long way in society. From gaining the right to vote in 1920 to holding honorable positions in politics and media, women have been empowering symbols for the new generation.
55 Amazing Pop Culture Topics: Just Choose It
The samples that we have on our page should guide on your decision.If you decide to get help from us, we have a writer who can assist you with your essay. Choosing Essay Topics on Culture. The best essay topics on culture are the ones that you have chosen for yourself. When you pick an essay on culture what comes next is the research.
Pop Culture Essay Examples | Kibin
Pop Culture, Research Paper This is a 13-15 research paper about Pop Culture, using examples like film, music and television, in Contemporary California (1960's – present) Sources: Â Next, you wi
17 American Pop Culture Debate Topics for Today - Insider
Free essay sample essays in popular culture, and culture association conference. Dystopia in popular famous verse on the major and essays in 1969, manners and interpretation,. Bringing essays on 16 in the entirety of misery. 184 990 essays in the writing, on the baby boom in the six american pop culture.
Impact Of Pop Culture On Our Society Music Essay
This essay will focus on the Korean Wave with emphasis on K-POP in terms of the sound history and culture it has created. I argue that a music genre has never been this successful in penetrating the outside world and combining culture.
BBC - Culture - Why Beyoncé speaks for a generation
The term "popular culture" was coined in the mid-19th century, and it referred to the cultural traditions of the people, in contrast to the "official culture" of the state or governing classes.In broad use today, it is defined in qualitative terms—pop culture is often considered a …
General Submissions — The Journal of Popular Culture
Mar 07, 2019 · Pop Culture Argumentative Essay Topics If you are looking for a good discussion, these topics are for you! The most important thing about writing an argumentative essay is being persuasive. provide examples and facts, and use your logical thinking …
Essay on Globalization and Popular Culture
Freitag, Sandria B. "Popular Culture in the Rewriting of History: An Essay in Comparative History and Historiography," Journal of Peasant Studies, 1989, Vol. 16 Issue 3, pp. 169–198. Gans, Herbert J. Popular Culture and High Culture: an Analysis and Evaluation of Taste .
How to Write (Smart) About Pop Culture | Jennifer Keishin
Pop culture is a fruitful area for students to explore as they practice their essay writing skills. Here is a list of essay topics you can use to help your students study pop-culture, and get some
Popular culture essays - Appraisal, HOA and REO Asset
Pop culture, short for popular culture, is a term that refers to products or activities that are currently being aimed at, and consumed by the mass population. Due to the definition of pop culture, it changes in time as the population composition changes. The term popular culture has existed for hundreds of …
The Advantages and Disadvantages of Popular Culture - by
Pop culture started as an era during the 20th century. However, the ideas expressed in pop culture art deeply impact our society in 2010. Undeniably, pop culture influenced art, such as architecture, design, music, and theatre influence this generations entertainment, day-to …
Feminism in Pop Culture: the Good, the Bad, and the
Pop Culture Pop Culture research papers examine the newest, most mainstream elements of a culture. Sociology is the study of human social behavior, origins and development.Naturally, culture is an important topic in sociology as it encompasses a given society's ideals, beliefs, motifs and creative artifacts, all of which play a major role in informing how members of that society develop and
Pop Culture, | Essay Achievers
The two essays “Popular Culture: What Everyone Needs to Know” by Angela Nelson and “Dumbing Down” by Terry Birchmore each have flaws in their arguments. In the first essay mentioned, Nelson fails to differentiate between popular culture and other forms of culture.
Pop Culture Research Papers on Mainstream Elements of Culture
Popular culture refers to those ideas, activities, trends, ideas, images, commercial products that are brought up or created to meet the preferences and tastes of the masses of people. These phenomena are integrated into peoples’ culture as a result of globalization and influence by the media.
Pop Culture Essay | Bartleby
Shop for the latest pop culture, pop culture merchandise, gifts & collectibles at Hot Topic! From pop culture to tees, figures & more, Hot Topic is your one-stop-shop for must-have music & pop culture-inspired merch. Shop Hot Topic today!
Tracy Buth: A Critique of Two Essays on Popular Culture
May 01, 2017 · The best argumentative topic on this issue is to whether the “pop culture” of today, i.e. the 21st Century, the early 2000s, is anywhere near as good as the pop culture of the 1960s and 1970s. The pop culture of the 60s and 70s actually caused the
Top 30 Topics 2019 | EssayWriter.org
Pop Art And Its Influence On American Culture 786 Words | 4 Pages “If Pop art was a from of realism, it was a realism that represented the ways American consumer culture …
30 Research Paper Topics on Culture - A Research Guide for
Pop Culture Essay Topics Here are few topics generally speaking about different aspects of pop culture as we know it today. Beauty and Style Essay You may talk about botox and those beauty injections so popular these days. This thing became a mass tendency in late 2000s and still are popular. At least we have better technologies these days.
More Examples of SAT 'Pop Culture' Essay Questions - The
Complex Pop Culture is your daily destination for celebrity news, entertainment stories and the latest on Netflix, TV & shows, movies, video games and more
Popular culture - Wikipedia
Submissions General Guidelines. Essays likely to find publication in The Journal of Popular Culture are well-written and make a significant contribution to the field of popular culture studies. Please review recent journal issues for a sense of our interdisciplinary conversation and our niche.
Pop Culture Topic List to Make Your Essay Better: 2019 Updated
He says that pop culture is “teaching children unhealthy values that will do great harm to them, families, communities, and our country as a whole.” Movies, video games, Internet, newspapers, magazines, music, advertising, sports, and TV shows are all forms of media that affect children in our society.
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TikTok accused of ‘clandestinely’ collecting and storing private user data
A class-action lawsuit has been filed against video sharing app TikTok by a university student in California who claims that the app has been collecting large amounts of private user data and storing it in China.
The university student, Misty Hong, filed the lawsuit against the Chinese-based app at the federal court last week. TikTok is a very popular platform amongst teenagers all over the world.
The court filing stated, “TikTok clandestinely has vacuumed up and transferred to servers in China vast quantities of private and personally-identifiable user data” and that “TikTok also has surreptitiously taken user content, such as draft videos never intended for publication, without user knowledge or consent… In short, TikTok’s lighthearted fun comes at a heavy cost.”
The US government has deemed it a national security threat and have launched an investigation into the app and it has been speculated that they may potentially be investigating the app’s interactions with China and its data-sharing practices.
Hong has stated that her data was retrieved without her permission and then transferred to servers which she found were actually run by companies that work closely with the Chinese government.
The lawsuit has also argued that the app unfairly profits from “secret harvesting” private data by utilizing the collected data to plan “vast targeted-advertising”.
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Tuesday, 31 March 2020 14:06
ChicGeek Comment COVID 19 Speeding Up Retail End Of Life
Recently, a government advisor, Professor Neil Ferguson, director of the modelling programme at Imperial College London's MRC centre for global infectious disease analysis, estimated that up to two thirds of people who die from coronavirus in the next nine months are likely to have died this year from other causes. He said that many of those deaths were likely to be old and seriously ill people who would have died from other conditions before the end of the year. What COVID-19 is doing, sadly, is speeding up the end of life and it’s the same for brands and retailers.
Some retailers have started to fall into administration, pointing the finger of blame at the COVID-19 coronavirus. The majority of these brands and retailers were sickly patients to start with. Brands like Beales, Laura Ashley, Carluccio's and BrightHouse were on wobbly ground way before this devastating virus was on the horizon. The coronavirus has just cut short the inevitable. Bournemouth based department store Beales closed earlier than scheduled and left unsecured creditors £17.6m out of pocket.
Left - The Beales flagship store in Bournemouth
Other patients at risk are brands like shopping centre group Intu, struggling under a £4.5bn debt mountain, and who failed to secure new funding before the crisis hit. They’ve also been hit by stores holding back their rent payments recently. Frasers, owner of Jack Wills, has been cutting off vast limbs of its retail network to save their critically ill patient, Cath Kidston is looking for a buyer to save the business and up to 800 jobs and New Look has requested a three-month rent holiday from landlords. H&M has threatened landlords with walking away from 300-plus store leases if sales fail to match pre-coronavirus levels once the pandemic passes. How others like Debenhams and the Arcadia come out of this pandemic is anybody’s guess.
Right - Laura Ashley has fallen into administration
The patient metaphor has one big and important point; the third of previously healthy people who could potentially die. This is where the government efforts to help businesses should be focussed. Those businesses who were previously healthy, but, due to unforeseen circumstances, have been thrown into jeopardy should be given the largest help. Whether it’s down to the sector they are in or the way they sell, these previously healthy retailers should be given the ventilator of loans and payment holidays to give them life.
The longer this crisis goes on the larger that third will become. It is survival of the ones who were the fittest going into all of this.
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Tried & Tested Ostens Impression Patchouli Heart No.1
Each Ostens ‘Impression’ is a fragrance created as an ode to a single inspirational ingredient. Here is patchouli. Melting wax. The resinous dust from a violin’s bow. Crushed biscuits, cooked molasses. Old bricks, decorative tiles, worn stone floors are just some of the references said to be conjured up by this scent by Domitille Michalon-Bertier. Other notes include rosemary, lavandin, lavender absolute, immortelle absolute LMR and ciste labdanum absolute. TheChicGeek says, “Ostens is a new fragrance company - see more here - and they’re starting with one quality ingredient and asking perfumers to create fragrances around it. Here, everything rides…
First Look Giambattista Valli X H&M Menswear
We’ve had a few years off from the hysteria of the H&M fashion collaborations. There was a time when we had 6 month’s build up to the launch and you knew the date regardless of whether you liked the designer in question or wanted anything in particular. Now, all that is over and H&M’s parent brand isn’t quite as successful as it once was, we can take our time and judge it simply on the clothes. From the preview pictures (below), it looks pretty good. Left - Coat - £179 This year’s collab. is with the Italian designer, Giambattista Valli,…
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Orange @ South Coast Repertory – Review
Costa Mesa, Review, South Coast Repertory, Theater, Uncategorized
(Photo by Debora Robinson/SCR)
Written by Alina Mae Wilson
There is not a single person on earth who has never felt loneliness. Most people, I am fairly certain, have had a desire to go off and do something wild, wonderful, exciting, or to simply put it –have an adventure. If either of my assertions are wrong, you are welcome to correct me (since I am not you, I will have to take your word for it.) Still I rather think I am right. It is part of humanity’s history and condition to desire companionship and excitement in some form or another. Aditi Brennan Kapil’s Orange over at the South Coast Repertory is one of the finest depictions of these desires in the modern day. Set right here in Orange County, Orange is exciting, funny, and compassionate in all the right ways. It’s also complex enough to keep you alert and ready for more the entire time.
Indian teenager Leela (Pia Shah) has just arrived in Orange County for a relative’s wedding, and she is ready and waiting for adventure. Leela appears to be on the autism spectrum (or have some other sort of unspecified social disorder), and, despite her father’s wishes for her to “be discreet,” she accepts her cousin’s invitation to go exploring Orange County for the excitement she has waited for since her arrival. During Leela’s adventure she explores a foreign country, forges new friendships, and ultimately pushes herself to new heights.
South Coast Repertory presents “Orange” by Aditi Brennan Kapil, directed by Jessica Kubzansky. Cast: Anjali Bhimani (All the Women), Pia Shah (Leela), Karthik Srinivasan (All the Men). Julianne Argyros Stage, March 5-26, 2017
While there are a few set pieces put to good use (a bench here, a billboard there), the real fun with the set comes from Leela’s sketches, which appear as backdrops onstage. Sitting and picking out locations from her artwork allows us to feel a little playful. While they aren’t constantly shoehorning in references to famous O.C. locations (thank GOD because that would have been annoying), the drawings give the play a distinctly Orange County-ish feel. We always remember our location without being browbeaten about it.
The acting in Orange is beyond great; it is superb. There are three actors on the stage, and every one of them vividly and coherently brings their characters to life. All of the women in Leela’s story are played by Anjali Bhimani, and all the men are played by Karthik Srinivasan. Pia Shah plays Leela pensively, with some of her thoughts and feelings hidden beneath a calm and expressionless face, which leaves us to wonder what might be occurring beneath –such as when Leela’s cousin carelessly describes Leela’s familial struggles. Other times she is abrupt, forthright, and considerably confused. Everything about Leela’s social struggles and difficulty in deciding on her next steps is treated with dignity and respect. Sometimes Leela’s mistakes are comical, but Leela herself is not comical. Leela is serious, considerate, and braver than what some might have expected. She is thrown into alarming situations, and although she does not always have the appropriate response, she always seems to have the right one, doing what is morally (if not socially) correct. As for all of the other characters in the story, Bhimani and Srinivasan have ample opportunities to showcase their talents, and boy do they take advantage of that fact. Every entrance and exit for these two is as effortless as if there really are multiple people running around backstage. Adorned with only a few costumes to sell their identities, both actors sell each and every character they portray, and they sell them hard. Every moment is considered valuable, and the actors treat every character with deliberation and respect.
The actual plot of Orange is interesting because seeing things the way Leela sees them allows us to understand how foreign everything must feel to her. We understand the adventure Leela is having, but as outsiders to her mind we also understand the situations that perplex her. What makes some misunderstandings charming or funny makes other misunderstandings frightening and dangerous. One thing is certain though –this ninety minute play does not leave any time for boredom or wishing for intermission (which is fortunate since there isn’t one).
This is the story of a young woman who goes out and finds not the adventure she expected but the adventure she needed. It depicts a type bravery that is not often seen in the cinema. It’s a great way to spend an hour and a half, and I cannot recommend Orange enough.
Exceptional show!
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Set & Design
South Coast Repertory presents “Orange” by Aditi Brennan Kapil, directed by Jessica Kubzansky. Cast: Anjali Bhimani (Actress), Pia Shah (Leela), Karthik Srinivasan (Actor). Julianne Argyros Stage, March 5-26, 2017
Side Note: Some sexual references and adult language.
autism, India, oc, Orange County, South Coast
Costa Mesa, Review, South Coast Repertory, Theater, Uncategorized Orange @ South Coast Repertory – Review
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ANDHRA JESUIT PROVINCE
About jesuits
History of AP Jesuits
Our Pioneers
Programes Offered
SPIRITUAL DIRECTION COURSE, APRIL 2019
PSYCHO-SEXUAL INTEGRATION
INTENSIVE JOURNAL WORKSHOP
INNER CHILD HEALING WORKSHOP
ENNEAGRAM AND SPIRITUALITY
COUNSELING COURSE FOR COUNSELORS
MIDLIFE SPIRITUALITY
BODY DYNAMICS AND YOGIC HEALING
SPIRITUALITY BEYOND RELIGIONS AND TRADITIONAL SPIRITUAL PRACTICES
HOW TO REACH SATYODAYAM CENTRE
HOW TO PAY THE FEE FOR THE COURSE AT SATYODAYAM
Scholoastics
Sanjeevanites
Retreat Ministry
Pre-Novitiate
Juniorate Sanjeevan(ug)
Loyola Academy, Secunderabad
(Degree & PG College)
Our Vision – | What we want to get
The vision of Jesuit education is :
To impart higher education with integral formation which involves academic excellence, spiritual growth, social commitment and value based leadership.
Our Mission – | What we want to do
The above-mentioned vision is realized by Loyola Academy:
It is to form “men and women for others” and mould our students as global citizens with competence, conscience and compassionate commitment. Special concern is shown towards the socially and economically underprivileged students.
Our Objectives – | How we aim to do it
We fulfill this Vision-Mission:
01 :Through a more integrated formation in academics and spirituality, as well as through value-based training and social commitment.
02 :By creating an ambience for Ignatian Pedagogy Paradigm, namely “Learning, Experience,Reflection and Action”, and
03 :By implementing the following:
– Developing students’ knowledge as well as skills
– Guiding them to grow in wisdom and harmony
– Nurturing in them a deep sense of right values
– Directing them in fostering healthy relationships
– Celebrating with them diverse forms of faiths and culture
– Helping them to develop as holistic persons andFor and through all this, we seek God’s help.
Loyola Academy (LA) is managed and administered by the Jesuits of the Andhra Jesuit Province, belonging to the Society of Jesus, an international Catholic Religious Order. Loyola Academy Degree and Post Graduate College as well as Loyola Academy Junior College were founded by Rev Fr T. Baliah SJ in 1976 in Alwal, Secunderabad, Telangana, India.
The Loyola educational philosophy is characterized by 4 objectives:
1 : Quality : We will offer the best facilities and teaching
2 : Commitment : We will monitor each student’s growth
3 : Values : We will follow and infuse the highest values
4 : Careers : We will aim for the best jobs for our students
It is in line with this philosophy, that we have built a huge resource-rich campus and a reputation for the highest standards.
Loyola’s genesis
Loyola Academy (LA) is managed and administered by the Andhra Jesuit Province, belonging to the Society of Jesus, an international Catholic Religious Order. Loyola Academy Degree and Post Graduate College as well as Loyola Academy Junior College were founded by Rev Fr T. Baliah SJ, in 1976 in Alwal, Secunderabad, Telangana, India.
Original Plan
After the immense success of Loyola Chennai the Andhra Jesuit Province decided to intensify its efforts and focus on setting up a world class academy at Hyderabad. Hence, the idea of Loyola Academy was born. The support received from Loyola Chennai alumni and other sources only strengthened the project.
An Effusion of Support
Many alumni, from Loyola Chennai, came forward to lend a hand in the making of this Academy. These influential alumni knew the importance of setting up a state-of-the-art college in Hyderabad and proactively participated in the inception of Loyola Academy.
Big Help from Unexpected Quarters
Noble causes attract help from others and the LA project was no exception. Education being the noblest of causes attracted many supporters who helped build the LA campus. These supporters from the government and non-government sectors shared a vision common with the Andhra Jesuit Province.
Governance Structure – Main persons implementing our ethos
Governance at Loyola Academy is about ensuring that the values the college aspires to are part of everyday life on campus. The management team works towards keeping an ideal atmosphere in the college to carry out its vision:
RECTOR : Looks after the overall management
CORRESPONDENT :Liaison between Loyola and the World
PRINCIPAL :Manages overall academic affairs
VICE-PRINCIPAL UG :Manages academic affairs of the UG courses
VICE-PRINCIPAL PG :Manages academic affairs of the PG courses
Each member takes on new roles for overall exposure, personal growth, and fresh perspectives so as to improve the standards of Loyola. These are the current members of the Loyola Academy Governing Council:
Rector – Rev. Fr. Raju Soosaimanickam SJ
“Loyola is a second home. I love the brilliant young people that are around all the time!”
Rev. Fr. Raju Soosaimanickam SJ, Rector
Father Raju has been associated with Loyola for a long time and is the Rector of Loyola Academy. He heads the management team at Loyola and instills a common vision that everyone at Loyola work towards.
He had worked in various capacities in Andhra Jesuit Province. Before joining Loyola Academy as Rector, he served as the Correspondent of Andhra Loyola College at Vijayawada. Apart from being busy with his administrative responsibilities, he also teaches English to the UG students.
Correspondent: Rev. Fr. J. Thainese SJ
“It’s hard to think of anything else lead rather do than groom the extraordinary young people here.”
Rev. Fr. J. Thainese SJ M.Sc. (Statistics), M.S. (Computer Sc. & Engineering)
Born in 1948, Father Thainese joined the Society of Jesus in 1967 and has been associated with Loyola Academy since 1982. Not only has he been instrumental in the infrastructure development of the college, but his footprints can also be seen in the farm and the Computer Science Department.
Father Thainese completed his bachelors degree in Statistics from Loyola College, Chennai and his M.Sc. in Statistics from Madras Christian College. He also has a M.S. degree in Computer Science and Engineering from the University of Namur, Belgium. He had done a postgraduate diploma in Internet Technology in Marquette University, Milwaukee, USA in 1998 and worked in the same University for software design and development in Information Technology Services. He has served the college in various capacities, from Lecturer and Warden of the boys hostel to the Director of Computer Department and the Rector (two terms)
Apart from his passion for teaching, he is deeply interested in gardening and landscaping and is fluent in four languages. He has also spearheaded the relief and rehabilitation work in the cyclone hit regions of Krishna District of then undivided Andhra Pradesh.
Principal – Rev. Fr. Dr. Pothireddy Anthony SJ
“At Loyola, we rarely sermonize or dictate – governance is about making people think.”
Rev Fr Dr. Pothireddy Anthony SJ M.Sc. (Zoology), Ph.D.
As an academician Fr Dr. Anthony has always pursued excellence. He completed his M.Sc. in Zoology from University of Madras and was awarded a Ph.D. in the year 2015 from Acharya Nagarjuna University, Guntur.
Fr DrPothireddy Anthony has served in various key positions in Andhra Loyola College as the Director, Asst. Director of Xavier Hostel, Gogineni Hostel and New Hostel, as the Superior of Sanjeevan Hostel, as the Rector of Andhra Loyola College, as the Provincial of Andhra Jesuit Province from 2008-2014. He oversees and steers almost every aspect of the institution, including academics, internal quality, and the Planet Program. His contributions have been tremendous and he is the one of the most loved and respected persons on campus. As the academic head he insists on continuous development.
Vice Principal UG – Rev Fr D. Balaswamy SJ
“Education to the mind without educating the heart is no education at all.”
Rev. Fr. D. Balaswamy SJ MA, B.Ed, MBA(Finance &HR)
Fr. D. Balaswamy, SJ is a teacher by profession and a preacher by passion.
In the year 1998, he resigned his teacher’s job at Carmel Matha EM High School near kothagudem and joined the Society of Jesus. Later after his initial formation, for an year he served as the Vice Principal of Loyola Polytechnic College & Asst. Warden of Loyola Boys Hostel in Pulivendula before he came to do his MBA studies at Loyola Academy.
After all his secular and religious studies and formation, he was ordained a priest for the Society of Jesus (Jesuits) on 8th November, 2014. Before joining Loyola Academy, he served as the Principal of Loyola EM High School & Warden of Loyola Boys Hostel, Amalapuram for 3years.
Fr.Balaswamy’s idea of education is very much in tune with Jesuit idea of education which says that “it is to form ‘men and women for others’ and mould our students as global citizens with competence, conscience & compassionate commitment; and to have special concern towards the socially and economically underprivileged students”. In the present context of the globalized world where everyone is busy acquiring knowledge, settling well in life with good job, craving for more money, aspiring for an independent and comfortable life, having no time to communicate with the other, losing a sense of concern, becoming more individualistic, selfish, insensitive to the other and the nature around us, Fr.Balaswamy insists that our education, specially the higher education should help us to form ourselves at both the levels of the mind and the heart, the idea which is very much close to the Aristotelian idea of education i.e., “education to the mind without educating the heart is no education at all”.
Vice Principal PG – Rev. Fr. Dr. L. Joji Reddy SJ
“Education must not simply teach work – it must teach Life.”
Rev. Fr. Dr. L. Joji Reddy SJ M.Sc., MBA, M.Phil., Ph.D. postdoc on Cancer Biotechnology, Mitchell Cancer Research Institute (University of South Alabama, USA), President-Xavier Board of Higher Education, A.P. & Telangana., Associate professor in the Dept. of Biotechnology
Fr. Dr. L. Joji Reddy, SJ., is a scholar in thought and human in deed and has crossed many milestones in the education sector. As a scholar he emerged as a great philosopher and theologian. He is a scientist and educationalist too. As a scientist he developed fervour for research. He had published over 26 international papers, 3 national and 20 conference publications in the field of biotechnology and conducted various national and International seminars. He attended many national and international seminars to present his papers. For the past six years onwards he is serving, Xavier Board of Higher Education (Association of Catholic Institutions of higher Education in India) as president and brought a lot of reforms in the education sector both in T.S. and A.P.
Having a strong passion to serve he used his forte to serve the society by educating the people. He was appointed as Associate professor Loyola Academy Degree and P.G. College by the Osmania University in the Department of Biotechnology. He worked from 2004 onwards as the Principal of both Andhra Loyola and Loyola Academy Junior Colleges and as a Vice Principal of Loyola Academy Degree & P.G. College till 10th June 2016. He also worked as Principal I/C from Dec 2015 to March 2016 in Loyola Academy Degree & PG College and set the trend in giving a face lift to the academic standards, discipline, sports and games and extracurricular activities and celebrated different events in a high profile manner. He was Conferred “RastriyaGaurau Award” by the International Friendship Society, at India International Center, New Delhi on 29th Aug 2012, for the Meritorious Services, Outstanding Performance and Remarkable Role by Dr.Bhishma Narayan Singh, Former Governor of Tamil Nadu and Assam. As an educationalist his Vision is to transform the students to be “Men and Women for others” and to mould the students as global citizens with competence, conscience and compassionate commitment towards economically educationally poor students. His goal is to impart knowledge with integral formation which involves academic excellence, spiritual growth, social commitment and value based leadership. His aim is to take the educational Institutions to reach the unreachable targets by imparting values for life to live.
AN ENDURING VISION
First Inspiration
It is a tribute to any institution which had a humble beginning but stood the test of time and dares to surge ahead spreading its full grownwings to step into the new millennium with ardent hope and unflinching loyalty to its first inspiration. First inspiration has its origin in the founding fathers that have become of happy memory- The lion-hearted Fr. Balaiah is the first inspiration whose brain child is the present LoyolaAcademy. To write about him is to tell the tale of the building up and final establishment of by Loyola Academy comprising a P.G. College, a Degree College and a Junior College with two separate hostels for boys and girls and a well manicured farm in its sprawling campus of 144 acres of picturesque land.
When the call came from the more illustrious alumni of Jesuit Colleges particularly that of Loyola, Chennai, who held responsible positions in the Government of Andhra Pradesh, to start a college akin to that of Loyola College, Chennal, it was a happy coincidence for Fr.Balaìah. For quite some time he had been harbouring an idea that had been hatching in his mind a job-oriented university college which would combine general education with professional training.
NEW VISION FOR LEARNING
To prepare ‘Employable graduates’ through this new institution, rather than churn outunemployed graduates was the main objective. Fr. Balaiah was a visionary with a heart to listen to others. When the idea of vocational education was proposed, he grabbed it with both hands. In this connection, we must remember the stellar role played the Rt. Rev. S. Arulappa, the then Archbishop of Hyderabad. When he went to Rome, he made it a point to meet Very Rev. Fr. Arrupe and impressed upon him the necessity of starting a University College at Secunderabad. The Archbishop, himself an alumnus of Loyola College, Chennai, takes pride in repeating in public on several occasions, his timely intervention with the then General.
ARRIVAL OF A NEW COLLEGE
Given his influential connections with government officials, Fr, Balaiah obtained from the government 144 acres of land in Alwal on the outskirts of Secunderabad. Sri.Krishnasamy I.AS., Sri. Rama Murthy, IAS, Sri. Venkatratnam, IAS and Sri.Santhanam, lAS were instrumental in this favourable gesture of the then government headed by Sri. Vengal Rao, a good friend of Fr. Balaiah. Thus Loyola Academy was born.
Fr. Koppala Abraham Stanislaus SJ is the superior of the community from 5th June 2012. We have Junior, Degree and PG colleges, hostels for the boys and girls, home for the elderly Jesuits and a recently established parish called Balaiah Nagar parish in the campus. Today it is one of the prestigious colleges in the city of Hyderabad.
Baliah Nagar Praish
Fr. John Packiaraj soosaidoos is a parish prist of St Francis Xavier’s Church, Alwal. He is assisted Fr.Devadas Mariasusai it is a recently errected parish and Jesuits take care of the Spritual needs of the community.
St.francis Xavier’s Church
Loyola Academy, Alwal
Secunderabad – 500010
Tel:040-65456956,27862044
Loyola Academy Junior, Degree & Pg Colleges
Tel-Res:040-27862044
Tel-Sup:040-27872365
Tel-Jr Prin:040-20081620
Tel-Jr Coll off:040-27864620
Tel-Deg Prin:040-27872367
Tel-Deg Coll off:040-27860077
Fax:27867939
Tel-Hostel-boys:27862883
Tel-hostel-girls:27862882
Tel-Parish:65456956
Web:www.loyolaacademyjuniorcollege.ac.in
Web:www.loyolaacademymyuppg.ac.in
Our Communities & Institutions
» Provincial’s Office
» Amalapuram
» Darsi
» Gudlavalleru
» Hindupur
» Kadiri
» Karimnagar
» Katukapalli
» Kondramutla
» K D Peta
» Krishnapuram
» Nagarjuna Nagar
» Nallapadu
» Pulivendula
» Secunderabad
» Seethampeta
» Shantinagar
» Siricilla
» Sivapuram
» Suryapet
» Vijayawada
» Vinukonda
Andhra Vani December 2020
Andhra Vani November 2020
Indian Saints: Aanimutyalu
Jesuit Saints: Jesusaba Poonithula Charitra
Andhra Vani October 2020
Gallery: Wishes and Appreciations
Congratulations to VRO
Congratulations to LPS
Gudlavalluru Church Opening
Congratulations to Fr. B Joji SJ
Rest in Peace Fr. Elias Arockiasamy
Universal Apostolic Preference
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High Tension Stand Against Bad Pit Behaviour
Katie Fairservice June 6, 2016 Features
High Tension have just wrapped up a set of shows supporting US metal lords Deafheaven, so you would think they’d be nothing but smiles and devil horns heading to Perth for the last show of the tour. Instead, singer Karina Utomo posted on the band’s Facebook last night to express their frustration that their exuberance for the tour was “overshadowed by a shitty incident and sadly one that is not an anomaly.”
During their support set at the Friday show at Melbourne’s Corner Hotel the band became aware of a member of the audience being unwantedly groped by another member of the audience. Appalling behaviour on behalf of the perpetrator and while Utomo details the band were successful in getting the offender kicked out of the show, her post points out that the incident goes beyond the people who were directly involved.
“This gross behaviour oppresses not only the persons being violated but also oppresses other metal fans. How are we meant to feel safe and respected when attending shows when we are constantly fearful of putting ourselves at risk of being violated? By continuing oppression of others you are stunting the growth of the metal community, you are breeding fear and affirming the bad experiences of other metal fans that are more vulnerable. Do you ever wonder as to why the attendance of women and members of the LGBTIA community at metal shows is almost always a mere percentage? Even though a love for metal / aggressive music is NOT exclusive to men?”
It’s maddening to read about this behaviour happening, because it is all too familiar and commonplace. Last year Music Victoria released data reporting how safe people felt when attending Melbourne venues, where a whopping 80.2% of respondents viewed unwanted sexual attention as being common in Melbourne’s pubs and clubs. Just last week fellow Melbourne band Camp Cope posted a recount from an audience member who saw the way a simple ‘all girls to the front’ request could turn into a rough mosh thanks to “a small but preternaturally tall clutch of dudes [who] were taking this power transfer as some form of oppression.”
Speaking to Utomo about the band’s decision to post about the incident she remarked that the band felt that they had a duty of care to address it. She also pointed out that calling out the behaviour when it happened was definitely the right thing to do, but it wasn’t enough.
“There was no way that we would let the mentality of ‘it happens all the time’, a response that we hear all too often make this incident less important, we owe this to the person that was intentionally violated when she was just trying to watch a band play. I stewed on the fact that us calling him out and assisting in removing him from the venue was simply not enough – that person got it easy, he got to go home and aside from getting kicked out was not held accountable, he was merely inconvenienced – that was not enough, we wish we could have done more and we want to take further action to prevent these incidents from continuing to occur.”
What would be great would be to stop this sense of entitlement dead in its tracks, however that seems to be a long road of education and breakdown of systemic privilege and the reality is we need to ensure the safety of people right now. Which is why High Tension are pushing to expand the conversation, because “Why should the minority have to change their behaviour / be putting theirselves at risk just to attend shows and in particular spectate from the pit?”
“[Lauren] Hammel had a brilliant idea of organising a proper discussion to address this issue. We will be inviting fans of metal / aggressive music specifically to share their experiences and offer their ideas / insights. We hope to do this in the coming weeks. We have some ideas on how we may be able improve the safety of our fans and make our shows feel more inclusive, because frankly, we can’t believe this shit is still happening.”
There are various ways to go about creating safer spaces. Major international festival Glastonbury announced just recently a women-only venue named The Sisterhood with the intent to create an intersectional, queer, trans and disability-inclusive space. Music Victoria launched a government taskforce to address the presence of sexual harassment in venues. Festivals like Sad Grrrls Fest, groups like Alterity Collective and LISTEN hosted shows are part of the growing push to ensure safe environments for women and LGBTQIA+ punters. Bands like Speedy Ortiz have a hotline for audience members to use if they feel threatened at any of their concerts. That’s just a small pocket of how the music community is trying to make itself safer, and as more people speak up and act against harassment at shows – the safer it will get.
Read High Tension’s full post as posted on their Facebook below.
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Katie Fairservice
Founder/Managing Editor
Photographer and avid lover of music. Can't play an instrument to save my life so instead admire and promote those who can.
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[ October 29, 2020 ] U.S. Chargé d’affaires a.i. Angela Aggeler Visits Karachi to Promote Economic Ties America
[ October 29, 2020 ] U.S. Chargé d’affaires a.i. Angela Aggeler Pays Homage to Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah America
[ October 25, 2020 ] U.S. Consulate General, Karachi organizes a virtual hackathon for female programmers America
[ October 1, 2020 ] U.S Student Visa Services will Resume October 1, 2020 America
[ September 14, 2020 ] YOUNG LAWYERS: MEETING FOR APPOINTMENT OF LEGAL ADVISORS Main
HomeMainTareen says without Imran Khan, PTI is nothing
Tareen says without Imran Khan, PTI is nothing
December 8, 2019 admin Main 0
Senior Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI) leader Jahangir Tareen on Sunday dismissed the ‘minus Imran’ formula by saying that the party was nothing without the prime minister.
Speaking to media at the Lahore Polo Ground, Tareen ruled out any political change in the country.
“Imran Khan is the prime minister and he will remain so. He will complete his tenure,” he said. “Some people are involved in conspiracies–their talk is nothing but conspiracies,” he added.
Tareen said that Nawaz Sharif had been minused and the same was about to happen to Maryam Nawaz.
He also spoke about the PTI’s relations with the PML-Q, as the former attempts to bolster its ties with the latter.
“We have spoken to the Chaudhry brothers. They have no reservations with the government,” he said.
Tareen said that if BNP-M chief Akhtar Mengal had issues with the government then they will be solved.
His comments come in the wake of reports that the PTI is gearing up to contact political allies and address their reservations.
BNP-M chief Akhtar Mengal has been criticising the government during the past couple of days as he accuses them of neglecting Balochistan.
PTI deliberately created COAS extension issue: PML-N
Fire at New Delhi factory kills 43
U.S. Chargé d’affaires a.i. Angela Aggeler Visits Karachi to Promote Economic Ties
U.S. Chargé d’affaires a.i. Angela Aggeler Pays Homage to Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah
U.S. Consulate General, Karachi organizes a virtual hackathon for female programmers
U.S Student Visa Services will Resume October 1, 2020
YOUNG LAWYERS: MEETING FOR APPOINTMENT OF LEGAL ADVISORS
Embassies and Consulates in Pakistan
Copyright 2019 Diplomacy Pakistan News I.P.O Govt. of Pakistan Registered
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Aishwarya Rai Recommended Katrina For Abhishek Bachchan
Filled under: entertainment
When Vipul Shah approached Aishwarya to cast her opposite hubby Abhishek in The Italian Job, she ended up recommending Katrina
Abhishek Bachchan and Katrina Kaif are set to star in Vipul Shah's upcoming film, The Italian Job; a remake of the Hollywood film by the same name starring Mark Wahlberg and Charlize Theron. This puts an end to whispers about animosity between the two actors. Rumours included Katrina declining the film because it starred Abhishek Bachchan, and yet another about Aishwarya Rai Bachchan preventing Abhishek from doing films with Katrina.
Says a source, "Vipul's first option was to cast Abhishek and Aishwarya. It was Aishwarya who prompted Vipul to cast Katrina instead." This is not the first time that Aishwarya has suggested another actress in her place. Previously, the actor recommended Priyanka Chopra for Dostana. Says Shah, "All I can say at the moment is that Aishwarya has absolutely no objections to the Abhishek-Katrina pair on screen." On her part, Katrina confirms that she has no issues working with Abhishek either. "All these ridiculous rumours about me not working with Abhishek started when my dates for The Italian Job didn't work out, and Dostana 2 got postponed.
Abhishek is a great guy. I did Sarkar with him at the start of my career. There were other offers but I felt they were not good enough to do justice to our pairing. I decided that whenever we work together again, it would be for a full-blown romantic comedy."
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Volare !
City Boy
CVMC: Buying Films
CVMC has been serving collectors since 1997! Specializing in Film Archival & Transfers services of rare and out-of-print films from around the globe. We offer archival video and dvd's of over 3,500 films from collectible sources such as pre-record VHS, laserdiscs and DVDs. With nearly 11 years of service to collectors worldwide, our service, selection and quality is unbeatable. We seek out and offer the rarest and best genre films on the worldwide market. We also offer a wide variety of transfer, archival and conversion services. We can archive and convert foreign VHS, or DVD formats to U.S. formats.
We stand behind our quality and service. If we acquire a better print of any title previously listed, we’ll send an “upgrade” to purchasers who return the old print– FREE! Many of our titles listed in this catalogue are available in the DVD-R format. These are archival prints– NOT factory “pre-records” SO AN ORDER MAY TAKE LONGER TO FULFILL. Archival prints are mastered from original masters and out-of-print film prints from the best International and unreleased sources available. If you are looking for mainstream easily available films we can get them also. However if you are looking for rare and hard-to-find films from all over the world, then you've come to the right place!! We ship all orders via USPS (US Postal Service) Priority Mail and International Priority Mail.
CVMC offers original studio films in PAL or SECAM format. Orders of foreign films (we are a US company) may take as long as 20 days to arrive from the distributor. For more information please email us -- in the shopping cart you may request, in the comment box during checkout, the availability of a PAL or SECAM movies -- we will respond immediately!
To purchase a film, just add the item to our shopping cart. Creating a Free Enrollment is optional, but desirable when re-ordering in the future. An enrollment allows you to conveniently log-in for one-click checkout.
You may also call +1 (626) 921-4481.
Below are some frequently asked questions (FAQ) regarding purchasing films from CVMC.
Do I have to be a CVMC movie rental club member to purchase a film?
Does CVMC sell films to anyone living outside of the USA?
How long does it take for an order to be delivered?
What about Customs taxes?
Do you have a complete price list for the movie titles?
Can you send films in the PAL video format?
Do you sell out-of-print films?
Do any films or videos have flaws?
Are all CVMC films legal?
Q: Do I have to be a CVMC movie rental club member to purchase a film?
A: No, you do not need to be a member to buy films from CVMC. Creating a Free Enrollment is optional, but desirable when re-ordering in the future. An enrollment allows you to conveniently log-in for one-click checkout.
(back to top)
Q: Does CVMC sell films to anyone living outside of the USA?
A: Yes, CVMC sells films to anyone living outside of the U.S.A.
Q: How long does it take for an order to be delivered?
A: Delivery generally takes 2-5 days (including delivery time) inside the U.S.A.; 5-10 days to Canada and Mexico; 5-25 days to other countries via air-mail / Global Priority, depending upon Customs and local delivery services.
Q: What about Customs charges?
A: If you live outside the U.S.A., your country might impose a tax upon your purchase. Paying this is your responsibility, not CVMC's.
Q: Do you have a complete price list for the movie titles?
A: No, CVMC does not have a complete price list. We are a 100% web company. Our prices are now clearly posted on every film page.
Q: Can you send films in the PAL video format?
A: CVMC can only get films in the NTSC format. Please verify that you have NTSC capability if you are purchasing from outside the U.S.A.; no order will be shipped without verification. You will need a multi-region DVD player, or a computer. Most computer DVD players will by pass region codes.
Q: Do you sell out-of-print films?
A: Sometimes, CVMC does find out-of-print films, but this process is generally slow and the tapes are almost always used as well as expensive. Please do NOT ask CVMC to find out-of-print material for you unless you are serious about purchasing it.
Q: Do any films or videos have flaws?
A: Please read the information in purple found in each film's review. Here, any flaws found in the print is mentioned; there are no refunds for these reasons.
Q: Are all CVMC films legal?
A: All titles stocked by CVMC certainly are legal within the U.S.A. A few have controversial adult themes, however, and may cause concern in some countries. CVMC never has, and never will, stock or ship pornography. We do not NOT know the laws outside the U.S.A. and will NOT refund any order Customs might confiscate. CVMC will gladly "flag" the more controversial titles for those concerned with this issue.
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AN AFTERNOON WITH PAUL WILLIAMS
by Darden Smith | May 17, 2018 | And here's another thing..
Paul Williams is sitting next to me at a dinner in LA.
His stories are hilarious.
He tells me how much fun he’s having of late,
That after not writing songs for many years
He’s only recently getting back into it.
I say, “Well, we should get together and write something.”
He turns to me and says, “Really? What are you doing tomorrow?”
So here I am, spending an afternoon
Writing with Mr. Paul Williams,
And though our song is awful, completely forgettable,
The day is amazing.
As we work, he talks about his early days in Los Angeles, writing for everyone
From Three Dog Night and the Carpenters to the Osmonds,
Being on movie sets with Barbara Streisand,
The alcohol and drugs, the entire years lost and
How he eventually flames out,
Only to get sober and
Devote his time to helping others do the same.
“And now,” he says, “I’m writing again. I’m so lucky.”
At one point, while we’re in the middle of figuring out the bridge, Paul jumps up and says, “God, I love writing songs. Don’t you?”
I leave the session with something better than a song.
Paul Williams gives me a master class on life,
A map of where I want to wind up.
He doesn’t really teach me anything about songwriting
But he shows me what it’s like
To be truly excited
About the process.
How to disconnect,
Re-engage, and ignite again
After watching it all
Fall away.
© 2020 Darden Smith. All Rights Reserved. Website by Sean McKenna Design
Subscribe to receive periodic updates on Darden’s work.
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Christian Games NOW
Providing Christian game reviews and original Christian games.
Flood: The Prequel
Christian Board Games
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Christian Video Games
Christian Kids' Games
Crowdfunding Opportunities!
Do You Know of Other Christian Games?
Christian Video Games for iOS
The Aetherlight: Chronicles of the Resistance (Excellent)
Play for free on Android or iOS, or purchase for PC and Mac
Platform: PC, Mac, Android, iOS
Publisher: Scarlet City Studios, 2016
Wow! This is an impressive game, and I certainly hope Scarlet City continues the series. Right now, you can play through the first 3 episodes in which you help the Scarlet Man (Jesus) restore The Great Engineer (God the Father) to the throne of this steampunk kingdom. The graphics are great, the gameplay is great, and there is plenty of allegorical content referencing Biblical stories. This is a must-play game for any Christian gamer.
Bible Word Puzzle (Good)
Play for free!
Platform: Android, iOS
Publisher: idailybread, 2018
This is a mobile game in which you rearrange letters to form all the possible words while reading Bible verses and answering trivia questions. It's a good combination of activities that becomes increasingly challenging as you play.
Buddy Quest (Good)
Play for free on Android or iOS!
Publisher: Group Publishing, Inc., 2015
This is a town-building sim with the Group Publishing "Buddies." You build your town, invite buddies to move in, and play mini-games. It's all pretty engaging, but you do have the normal wait times for things to build. Of course, you can hurry things up, but that's when the in-app purchases come in. The graphics are cute, and the gameplay in the mini-games is surprisingly smooth.
As you play, you'll also see Real Hero Quests coming up. They relate to what you're doing in the game but require you to do something in real life to pass the quest. The first one, which I'm showing above, requires you to do some cleanup around your house after you cleaned up the town plot. The best part of this, though, is that parents can pair set it up so that they have to mark off when their child has completed the Real Life Quest rather than the player advancing automatically. It adds some control and accountability to the game.
Daily Bible Jigsaw (Good)
Play for free on Facebook, Android, or iOS!
Platform: Brower (Facebook), Android, iOS
Publisher: Planet 316, 2017
This is a simple jigsaw puzzle game with limited appeal and limited game time. What I mean is that all of the puzzles are of the "cute" variety, are easy to complete, and only offer one puzzle per day. That being said, that might be great for some people. Personally, I would like more variety in the picture styles. What I do like about the game is that it presents each puzzle with a Bible verse and allows you to save the pictures and share them.
Daily Bible Word Search (Excellent)
Here's another daily game by Planet 316. While it's still a pretty simple game, I like this one a little more because it's more than a game. After you solve the short puzzle for the day, it provides you with a brief devotional to read.
Destiny Game (Excellent)
Also known as Game of Destiny
Platforms: iOS
Publisher: Battle Gear, LLC, 2014
This is a fun board game to play with your children or as a preteen. There can be up to five players, and you take turns going around the board making real-life decisions. You earn money and Eternal Fruit, which is a way of showing how our choices have consequences.
Granny's Bible Dojo (Excellent)
Platform: iOS
Publisher: InsideOut Studies, 2014
This is a great game for learning the books of the Bible. Granny will present the books in a jumbled order, and you have to crack the boards in order. When you crack one, another will appear behind it. You'll also hear Granny's instructions and encouragement, so that adds some humor to the game.
Guardian Light of the World (Fair)
Also known as GLOW
Purchase on Android or iOS
Publisher: The Sanet Group, 2012
There isn't much Christian content to this game, and it does get a little bloody. You're a knight trying to recover the Ten Commandments for your kingdom (don't ask me how your kingdom got the Ten Commandments). There's a prayer of salvation you can read on the title screen, and the game is set up to say that you're fighting demons in your quest. You also gather Bibles as your powerups. Despite the thin Christian skin on this monster-hacker, my main complaint is that the movement and aiming are difficult to control.
Guardians of Ancora (Excellent)
Purchase on Amazon or Google Play
Platforms: Android, iOS, Kindle
Publisher: Scripture Union, 2015
This platformer that walks through the stories of the Bible is a very impressive offering for mobile devices.
Moses Freedom Fighter (Fair)
Publisher: Ayotree, 2016
This is a variety game with each of the seven levels representing a different event in Moses' life with a different style of gameplay. You'll experience everything from platforming to Tetris to boxing to aiming to gem-matching. The game is generally is well-done for a collection of mini-games.
Noah's Ark: Dash N' Splash (Poor, Review)
Purchase on Android, iOS, and the Microsoft Store
Platform: PC, Android, iOS
Publisher: JustinTime Studios, 2019
This 3D game shows good effort but needs a little more work. You play an intrepid Noah, getting ready for the Flood. You’ll meet his family as well as others in the world as you gather materials, solve puzzles, and explore the landscape.
Noah's Elephant in the Room (Good)
Publisher: Salvation's Story, 2017
Ride Noah's elephant through the Ark, avoiding Noah's sons, who are trying to ruin his good time. If you want to a boost, you can memorize Bible verses and upgrade your elephant. It's a fun game to play around with, but don't expect it to keep your attention for long. Thankfully, it doesn't have to since it's free to play.
Pangolin's Puzzle (Good, Review)
Publisher: Hero Factor Games, 2018
This is a story-based series of challenging logic puzzles, perfect for when you want to exercise your deduction skills.
Reborn Crosswords (Excellent)
Play for free on iOS or Android!
Publisher: Reborn Entertainment, 2012
While there won't be any new puzzles, you can still play the archive with this app. You can also create your own puzzles to share with others on your website.
Sheep Master (Good)
Publisher: Sunland Entertainment Studios., 2016
This is a well-done farm-building/defense game. With enemies ranging from wild animals to a sorceress who wants to take your sheep for sacrifice, you'll have your hands full trying to defend your flock! There's also a light but definite Christian subtext to the game.
Stained Glass (Excellent)
Publisher: Lightside Games, 2015
This match 3 game adds beautiful artwork and fully voiced Bible story narrations. I particularly enjoy the paraphrased Bible stories that the characters tell you. They're imaginative and add a fresh perspective to the Biblical text without crossing the line into too much speculation.
Story video
That Dragon, Cancer (Excellent)
Purchase on Steam, Android, or iOS
Publisher: Numinous Games, 2016
While not really a game, this interactive experience will encourage you as you walk through the life of Joel's parents, hearing real conversations that they had during the course of their young son's illness and eventual death.
Theme images by RBFried. Powered by Blogger.
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Coastal Plus
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NRI Digest
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Proud to be person of Indian origin: Portugal PM
Bengaluru, Jan 9: Portugal Prime Minister Antonio Costa on Sunday recalled his Indian roots at the Pravasi Bharatiya Divas in Bengaluru and said that he was proud to be a person of Indian origin.
Costa, who traces his roots to Goa, was the chief guest at PBD-2017. "Yes, I am actually a person of Indian origin," Costa said and even took out a card from his coat pocket and waved it at the audience. The delegates applauded Costa's gesture.
The 54-year leader recalled that his father - Orlando da Costa - had spent most of his youth in Goa, which was then under the Portuguese rule. “My father spent his childhood in Goa. We have never lost ties with India. I still have many relatives in Margao and will be visiting them shortly,” he said.
Costa said it is the duty of diaspora to connect the country of their origin with that in which they presently live.
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Firm on their demands, farmers brave cold, rains as talks with Modi govt remain deadlocked
January 5,2021
New Delhi, Jan 5: Camping at Delhi borders for over a month now, protesting farmers seem undeterred in the face of severe cold, rains and waterlogging, and firm on their demands for repeal of farm laws and legal backing for MSP even as talks with the government remained inconclusive.
On Monday, the seventh round of talks were held to resolve the deadlock. The unions stuck to their demand for a complete repeal of the new farm laws they find pro-corporate, while the government wanted to discuss only "problematic" clauses or other alternatives. The two sides will meet again on January 8.
Speaking to reporters after the meet, Agriculture Minister Narendra Singh Tomar said he expected positive talks and a possible resolution in the next meeting, but asserted that "efforts need to be made from both sides for a solution".
The protesting farmers, mainly from Punjab, Haryana and western Uttar Pradesh, have been at the border points of the national capital for almost 40 days now, braving the bone-chilling cold weather in the region.
Sporadic rains have also lashed the city in the last couple of days, following which the Delhi Sikh Gurdwara Management Committee (DSGMC) arranged makeshift elevated beds in a tent provided by the organisation at the demonstration site near Singhu border.
The tent, located right beyond the main stage at the site, is pitched on the lower end of the highway, making it susceptible to waterlogging.
Since the farmers arrived at the national capital's borders in late November, the Delhi Traffic Police has been posting alerts on its official Twitter handle to inform commuters about road closures across the city.
In a series of tweets on Tuesday, the traffic police said Singhu, Auchandi, Piau Maniyari, Saboli and Mangesh borders are closed for traffic movement.
"Please take alternate route via Lampur Safiabad, Palla & Singhu school toll tax borders. Traffic has been diverted from Mukarba & GTK road. Please avoid Outer Ring Road, GTK Road & NH-44," it said.
"The Chilla and Ghazipur borders are closed for traffic coming from Noida & Ghaziabad to Delhi because of farmer protests. Please take alternate route for coming to Delhi via Anand Vihar, DND, Bhopra & Loni Borders," it added.
The traffic police said Tikri and Dhansa borders are also closed for traffic movement.
"Jhatikara Border is open only for LMV (Cars/Light Motor Vehicles), two wheelers and pedestrian movement," it said in another tweet.
According to the traffic police, people travelling to Haryana can take the routes via Jharoda (only single carriageway), Daurala, Kapashera, Badusarai, Rajokri NH-8, Bijwasan/Bajghera, Palam Vihar and Dundahera borders.
Indian economy not recovering, may contract 25% in current fiscal: Economist Arun Kumar
The Indian economy is not recovering as fast as the government claims and the country's economy may contract 25 per cent in the current financial year, noted economist Arun Kumar said on Sunday.
Kumar further said that due to a big decline in the GDP during the current financial year, the budget estimates have gone completely out of gear and, therefore, there is a need to correct the Budget.
"India's economic growth is not recovering as fast as the government is showing because the unorganised sector has not started recovering and some major components of the services sector have not recovered.
"My analysis shows that the rate of growth will be (-)25 per cent in the current financial year because during lockdown (during April-May), only essential production was taking place and even in agriculture, there was no growth," he told PTI in an interview.
The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has projected the Indian economy to contract 7.5 per cent in the current financial year, while the National Statistical Office (NSO) estimates a contraction of 7.7 per cent.
Also, according to the NSO, the Indian economy contracted by 23.9 per cent during the April-June 2020 quarter and recovered faster than expected in the July-September 2020 quarter as a pick-up in manufacturing helped GDP clock a lower contraction of 7.5 per cent.
Kumar, a former professor of economics at JNU, said the government's own document that provided April-June and July-September quarters GDP (gross domestic product) figures said there will be a revision in the data later on.
He predicted that India's fiscal deficit will be higher than it was last year and the state's fiscal deficit will also be much higher.
"Disinvestment revenue will also be short. Tax and non-tax revenues will be short," Kumar said.
He said India's economic recovery will depend on several factors including how quickly vaccination can be done, how quickly people can go back to their work.
"We are not going back to the 2019 level of output in 2021. Maybe in 2022, after the vaccination is done, we will recover back to the 2019 level of output in 2022," Kumar said.
He added that the growth rate in the coming years will be good because of low base effect, but the output will be less than 2019.
Asked whether the government should relax the fiscal deficit target in the upcoming Budget, Kumar said, "It has been argued since July that the government should allow the fiscal deficit to rise and spend more and give money to the unorganised sector and in rural areas."
On India recently imposing fresh restrictions on foreign direct investment (FDI) from countries that share land border with India, he said, "It is a knee-jerk reaction". If you look at the past three-four years, all the start-ups had big investments from China, Kumar added.
Stressing that like China, India should also invest more on research and development, Kumar said, "We are now in a bad situation where we have to do knee-jerk reactions like raising tariffs, withdrawing from the RCEP (Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership), and having new FDI rules, to stop investment from China."
He pointed out that when investments in India are lacking, restricting investments from outside is going to put us in further trouble.
Detained for sedition, 2 journalists released after they say it was an 'oversight'
Imphal, Jan 19: A day after detaining two Manipur editors on sedition charges after the publication of an article "supporting revolutionary ideology" in their online news portal, the police on Monday released the duo after they admitted that the write-up was published due to oversight, the police said.
The police said that Paojel Chaoba, Executive Editor of The Frontier Manipur, and Dhiren Sadokpam, Editor-in-chief of the online news portal, were detained on Sunday under the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act (UAPA) and Section 124A (sedition) of the Indian Penal Code.
The suo-motu police action was followed by the publication of an article -- "Revolutionary journey in a mess" -- written by one M. Joy Luwang on January 8, criticising the "revolutionary groups" of Manipur for moving away from their original cause.
The police said that the two editors were detained as part of the probe over the publication of the write-up.
"We have released the detainees after they admitted in writing that the source of the article was unverified and it was published due to oversight and such mistakes would not recur," a police officer told IANS over phone.
The officer, on condition of anonymity, said that the write-up had openly "endorsed revolutionary ideologies and activities and expressed dismay over the deteriorating character of armed revolutionaries of Manipur in the past many years".
A delegation of All Manipur Working Journalists' Union (AMWJU) and Editors' Guild Manipur had met Chief Minister N. Biren Singh earlier on Monday, demanding the release of the two scribes.
Reconstitute cabinet and make way for new faces: BJP MLAs tell BSY as drama continues in Karnataka
Karnataka | Customs officer, wife arrested for illegally carrying cash, gold
‘Maya Gang’ used a minor to assault head constable to retaliate Mangaluru police firing: Top cop
Russia claims its second covid-19 vaccine is 100% effective
35-yr-old man rapes 13-year-old Dalit girl, tries to bury her alive
Parliament finally ends subsidy on canteen food for MPs
Siddaramaiah seems to be too free, looks like learning astrology: Somashekar
People with fever, pregnant and breastfeeding women should avoid covaxin: Bharat Biotech
CM Yediyurappa is safe if he doesn’t meddle with JDS, says HDK
Shifting of RAF camp from Mangaluru to Shivamogga draws flak
Law student arrested for criticizing Modi, Yogi on social media
Equity indices on firm footing, realty stocks surge
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Award-Winning Photographer Admits To Plagiarizing Mary Ellen Mark
May 5, 2017 John Jackson My Blog
In 2014, HuffPost featured a series from award-winning photographer Souvid Datta titled “In the Shadows of Kolkata.” The photos depict women living and working in Sonagachi, a red-light district in Kolkata, India, focusing on the relationships between mothers and daughters amidst a backdrop of sex work riddled with assault and abuse.
Upon seeing the HuffPost piece, a shrewd Bangalore-based reader named Shreya Bhat noticed something strange ― that a woman featured in the background of one of Datta’s photos suspiciously resembled a subject of the late photographer Mary Ellen Mark, who famously documented Mumbai’s red light district in the 1970s.
In fact, Datta’s subject and Mark’s weren’t just similar, they were identical.
“I was working in Calcutta, in the red light district of Sonagachi, as a social worker in the year 2014,” Bhat wrote in an email to HuffPost. “When I came across the picture in question, I started to look more closely, not because I thought it was doctored, but because the woman in the background looked familiar. Like I had seen her somewhere else, in another photograph.”
On a whim, Bhat decided to check Mark’s portfolio, as she considered the photographer’s work to be the most extensive when it comes to covering sex work in India. “I had looked through every bit of her work in the past and started doing that again, image by image,” she recalled. “Until I came to the photograph Souvid had nicked the woman from.”
Mary Ellen Mark, travestis se vestindo em um quintal, Calcutá, 1978. A primeira figura desta imagem, de autoria da fotógrafa americana, foi copiada e inserida em outra fotografia pelo premiado fotojornalista indiano Souvid Datta, em óbvio plágio e falsidade ideológica. Entre os prêmios recebidos por Datta, estão o Pulitzer e o Magnum, dois dos mais importantes do gênero. Assim é fácil . #maryellenmark #plagio #fake #souviddatta #souviddattaplagiarism #pulitzerprize #magnumphotos #womenphotographers #fotografiaecultura
A post shared by fotografia e cultura (@fotografia_e_cultura) on May 5, 2017 at 3:17am PDT
Mark’s 1978 photograph, titled “Transvestites getting dressed in a courtyard. Falkland Road, Bombay, India” and shown above, depicts four women helping one another with their saris. The woman on the left is featured with the exact same clothing, pose and expression as the figure in Datta’s photo.
In an essay featured on The Scribbler, Datta explained the story behind his image ― or at least, what he claimed the story was before taking his comments offline. Thankfully, PetaPixel took a screenshot before the comments were removed.
“Radhika, 17, in the room of a veteran sex worker, Asma, in Sonagachi (featured dressing in background). The two have grown close over Radhika’s period here; she respects and learns from Asma’s experience and matter of fact, survival attitude, while Asma feels a fondness for Radhika’s unfettered ‘kindness, curiosity’ and innocence. Strong bonds can often form within brothels as girls learn to support each other and find self-empowerment through group assertion and collective experience.”
How could Asma in 2013 be the same woman that Mark photographed in 1978? Obviously, she couldn’t.
“I was amused, amazed and repelled at the same time,” Bhat said. “I did a re-check. I was right. I did share the whole finding on email with two of my colleagues at that point. They too were amazed and shocked. I did consider writing to Souvid, but it would have been a pointless exercise. I also checked if I could write to [HuffPost], but the piece was dated January 2014 and it was April when I came across it. I thought it would be too late for you to want to act on it. I was probably wrong!”
Eventually, Bhat decided to reach out to photo blog PetaPixel with her findings. They published a piece enumerating her claims just this month, along with side-by-side images of Mark’s and Datta’s images, on their website. The similarities are staggering.
Upon learning of Bhat’s detective work, HuffPost reached out to Datta for comment with no reply. Since the allegations were published on Wednesday, he took down his website, Facebook and Twitter accounts. One day later, in an interview with Time, the photographer appeared to have admitted to plagiarism.
“I foolishly doctored images,” Datta said, “inexcusably lied about others’ work being my own and then buried these wrongdoings in the years that followed.”
Regarding the specific use of the Mark image, Datta explained that when his photo was taken in 2013, he was 22 years old and a university student, exploring photography as a hobby but without solid knowledge of “photographic ethics.” While volunteering with non-governmental organizations in the red-light district of Kolkata, Datta felt compelled to document his time there, and used his camera to do so.
During his travels, Datta met a 17-year-old woman working in a brothel named Radhika. She is the woman who appears in the foreground of the photo in question. In conversations, Radhika told Datta about her mentor, an older woman named Asma. Although Datta met Asma briefly, she asked not to be photographed; so Datta ended up shooting Radhika alone.
A few weeks after the trip, Datta came across the work of Mary Ellen Mark. In one of her photographs, he noticed a woman that resembled Asma. Datta then used Photoshop to transplant Mark’s subject into his image of Radhika, without acknowledging the image’s origins or crediting Mark, who died in 2015, for her work.
“I wrote the caption as if Asma herself was in this image, not a woman from someone else’s work,” Datta said. “In effect, I lied.”
Datta’s decision to steal imagery from a photographer as legendary as Mary Ellen Mark was a brazen one. Having worked consistently since the 1960s, Mark was granted a retrospective in 1992 at the International Center of Photography in Manhattan and awarded a Lifetime Achievement in Photography Award from George Eastman House in 2014.
Datta, however, has racked up a few awards himself, including a Getty Images Editorial Grant, the Visura Photojournalism Grant and an Alexia Foundation Award of Excellence Grant, although these achievements too are not without their controversy.
In light of PetaPixel’s piece, The Alexia Foundation published a note on Facebook, saying that in 2013, Datta was given between $500 and $1500 in cash to attend an education workshop, with the stipulation that he turn in a final project after one year’s time. According to the Foundation, Datta has yet to turn in said project; they are currently investigating to determine the proper way to proceed.
Datta also used his Time interview as an opportunity to admit to doctoring and poaching other images throughout his career. He acknowledged “stitching and cloning” elements from photos of India taken between 2013 and 2014 and going overboard with post-production techniques on photos taken in China. He also conceded to “appropriating” images by photographer Daniele Volpe and claiming them as his own. (Datta had already deleted the images from his portfolio but never came forward with having stolen the images in the first place.)
“A colleague sent me the links of his post, it was around November 2016,” Volpe wrote to HuffPost. “At first I didn’t understand. I knew some of Datta’s work and considered him a professional. I saved the screenshots with the intention to write him a private message but I never did. […] I felt sad to know that it was a Datta’s ‘modus operandi’ and that is what moved me to make this public. I don’t feel sad about my pictures or Mark’s work. I felt sad for the people in his pictures. He touched very important issues, very sensitive ones. Those people deserve more respect.”
In his Time interview, Datta appears to genuinely regret his wrongdoings, arguing that his youth and the pressure of freelancing led to unscrupulous conduct. Volpe added that he took issue with Datta’s defense, which he thought used excuses to justify his dishonesty. “It’s absurd he used his age as a defense,” Volpe said. “And the rules of ethics, honestly, are the first things to keep in mind in this job (and in daily life in general).”
This is far from the first time a photojournalist’s reputation has been tarnished as a result of plagiarizing or doctoring photos. Most famously, Steve McCurry, the photographer behind “Afghan Girl,” was accused of Photoshopping images last year.
In his Facebook post, Volpe expressed that he didn’t entirely blame Datta for poaching his work, but rather the cutthroat photography industry as a whole, which compels young photographers to take shortcuts to get ahead. If Datta’s controversy can teach us anything, it’s that the shortcut certainly isn’t worth the mess left behind.
“I am glad he did admit to doctoring those images,” Bhat concluded. “I am also hoping his response sets a rule; you don’t build false sob stories around the dreary and helpless lives of women in sex work, unless of course those stories are legit and come from the women themselves. You also do not cash upon these lives and earn awards because none of that is helping improve their daily living conditions, unfortunately.”
Note: Interviews have been edited and condensed for clarity.
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Nina Simone Said She Almost Killed A Man For Not Paying Her In Vintage Clip
April 25, 2017 John Jackson My Blog
In a recently resurfaced clip from a 1999 BBC interview with the late Nina Simone, the legendary musician recalled an incident during which she says she attempted to kill a record company executive for robbing her.
BBC Hard Talk posted a clip from the March 1999 interview to their Twitter page on the 14th anniversary of Simone’s death last Friday. In the video, the outspoken artist told interviewer Tim Sebastian that the exec took her albums without paying her. Simone said she confronted the company when they came to Switzerland.
That time Nina Simone tried to shoot a record company executive #HARDtalk20 http://pic.twitter.com/f58hkK22IR
— BBC HARDtalk (@BBCHARDtalk) April 21, 2017
She doesn’t go into detail or specify who “they” is.
“I said ‘where’s my money?’” she told Sebastian. “And they said, ‘we’re not going to give you any money.’”
“I said, ‘oh yes, you are.’ I got a gun ― it was a gun, it wasn’t a knife ― and I followed him to a restaurant and I tried to kill him,” she continued.
But Simone said she missed her target and returned to the U.S. When the interviewer questioned whether Simone indeed pulled the trigger, she clarified with “of (bleep) excuse me, yes I did.”
He then asked if the attempted killing made Simone feel better to which she replied: “Oh yes. Sorry I didn’t get him.”
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Screenshots from April’s Webinar Events
Materials for an Extreme Future is a conversation between Material ConneXion’s Dr. Andrew Dent and passionate industry experts. We’re excited to share May’s webinar line-up with you!
Join us for a discussion surrounding material and technology solutions that address the extremes we will continue to face: temperature, wetter conditions, and overpopulation, as well as pollution and bacterial/viral threats. Our conversations always include Q&A with the guests and participation is encouraged!
Join the conversation! →
Here’s what you can expect:
Join our EVP of Material Research, Dr. Andrew Dent, along with a panel of leading material experts and thought leaders for a detailed discussion on how these pivotal changes will affect your brand and what you can do to stay ahead.
Gain valuable insight into new materials and manufacturing that aim to solve for these current and future extreme environments.
Q+A following the conversations with our expert panelists.
Schedule + Guest Panelists
Wednesday, May 13th / 11am EDT
The Future of Global Sourcing with Michael Robinson
Michael Robinson works at the intersection of packaging and product development, business, design and innovation strategy. Currently Michael serves as an independent board member of Ynvisible, the human insights consultant at FritzWater Vest and Director of Open Innovation & Business Development for Packaging Innovation at L’Oréal Americas.
The discussion focuses on how brands will need to rethink manufacturing in a post-COVID world. Will the current disruption of global supply chains and the way we solve it cause a rethink in the way we produce? Will our new appreciation of how interconnected the world is change the way we think about sustainability? Are there ways in which we can future-proof products?
Michael will bring his considerable experience in packaging, branding and sustainability for global health and beauty brands in helping us understand what our future will look like in materials. Register Today! →
Design Against Extinction with Mitchell Joachim, Ph.D.
Mitchell Joachim, Ph.D. is Co-Founder of Terreform ONE and Associate Professor of Practice at NYU. Formerly, he was an architect at the offices of Frank Gehry and I.M. Pei. He has been awarded a Fulbright Scholarship and fellowships with TED, Moshe Safdie, and Martin Society for Sustainability, MIT. He was chosen by Wired magazine for “The Smart List” and selected by Rolling Stone for “The 100 People Who Are Changing America”. Mitchell won many honors including; Lafarge Holcim Acknowledgement Award, ARCHITECT R+D Award, AIA New York Urban Design Merit Award, 1st Place International Architecture Award, Victor Papanek Social Design Award, Zumtobel Group Award for Sustainability, Architizer A+ Award, History Channel Infiniti Award for City of the Future, and Time magazine’s Best Invention with MIT Smart Cities Car.
He’s featured as “The NOW 99” in Dwell magazine and “50 Under 50 Innovators of the 21st Century” by Images Publishers. He co-authored four books, “Design with Life: Biotech Architecture and Resilient Cities,” “XXL-XS: New Directions in Ecological Design,” “Super Cells: Building with Biology,” and “Global Design: Elsewhere Envisioned”. His design work has been exhibited at MoMA and the Venice Biennale. He earned: PhD at Massachusetts Institute of Technology, MAUD Harvard University, M.Arch Columbia University. Learn more about Terreform →
“Design Against Extinction” will cover topics from biotech architecture to resilient cities, how the work of Terreform ONE explores these climate related issues, and more. Register Today! →
Solving The Plastic Waste Problem with Manuel Rendon
Manuel Rendon, Co-founder, Chairman, & CEO of Timeplast? Manuel is a former PepsiCo executive and environmental engineer with a major in chemistry. He has been devoted to developing new approaches to help solve environmental issues ever since his days in college. He is the Co-founder and Inventor of Timeplast? and Zeroplast and owns the only known patent in the world for the molecular degradation of plastic; (U.S. Patent # US9181412). In addition, his technology is the first in the history of the American Plastic Recyclers Association to pass their Critical Guidance Protocol while also addressing the end-of-life issues that plastic pollution is causing. His technology has been proven and tested in Woods End Laboratories, Datapoint Labs, Avomeen Analytical services, Plastic Forming Enterprises and others.
Timeplast? specializes in enhancing several properties of plastics through the computerized delivery of liquid additives that alter the molecular structure of fossil-based polymers during extrusion. A Timeplast? altered product has been converted to wax by the time it reaches the consumers hand. The principal goal at Timeplast? is to safeguard and protect the environment by reducing the environmental footprint of plastic manufacturing. Register Today! →
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Materials for an Extreme Future: April Webinar Series
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Te Anau, New Zealand South Island Accommodation
Te Anau town information
Te Anau Accommodation Map
Bella Vista Te Anau (AAN 4 stars)
9 Mokoroa Street,
Te Anau,
Welcome to Bella Vista Te Anau Motel. Located at the gateway to Fiordland National Park on New Zealand's South Island, this modern motel style Te Anau accommodation comprises 18 superior self contained units.
Situated at a quiet location, adjacent to a park and minutes stroll from the lakefront and town centre, Bella Vista Te Anau Motel offers quality Te Anau accommodation at affordable rates. Finding affordable Fiordland accommodation has never been simpler than with Bella Vista.
Bella Vista Te Anau (4 stars)
9 Mokoroa Street
Te Anau, Fiordland, 9600
Welcome to Bella Vista Te Anau Motel! Located at the gateway to Fiordland National Park on New Zealand's South Island, this modern motel style Te Anau accommodation comprises 18 superior self contained units. Situated at a quiet location, adjacent to a park and minutes stroll from the lakefront and town centre, Bella Vista Te Anau Motel offers quality Te Anau accommodation at affordable rates. Finding affordable Fiordland accommodation has never been simpler than with Bella Vista.
Fiordland Great Views Holiday Park (4.5 stars)
Milford Road
Fiordland Great Views Holiday Park is situated 1.5km from Te Anau. Only a 10 minute walk brings you to Te Anau town centre, the walking capital of New Zealand with famous walking trails such as the Routeburn, Hollyford and Kepler track. For a shorter walk why not try the Lakeside Path which takes around 50 minutes. If you don't feel up to a walk around town then try our London Taxi. Lying on elevated land; The Fiordland Great Views Holiday Park offers spectacular views of Lake Te Anau and the Fiordland National Park mountains and views of the nearby Manapouri mountain ranges. Enjoy the only holiday park in Te Anau with a true country setting which is also situated next to a river for recreation. A quiet tranquil atmosphere and lovely garden setting offers the perfect spot for a relaxing family holiday. Fiordland Great Views Holiday Park is also an agent for booking all local tours and attractions. Upon arrival we can provide you with information about the various cruises, flights, walks and activities in the area and in some cases provide transport to and from the activities departure point...
Fiordland Hotel and Motel (SLF 3.5 stars)
Luxmore Drive
The Fiordland Hotel-Motel Resort is situated on four acres of parkland overlooking Te Anau, in a tranquil garden setting. Every room has a picturesque, panoramic, million dollar view of the lake, mountains and the rural landscape, yet it is only an easy walking distance to the shores of Lake Te Anau and the town centre. With 94 rooms we can offer a wide range of accommodation to suit every budget. The hotel has a choice of De Luxe Regency rooms and superior standard hotel rooms, all include TV, direct dial phone, tea, coffee and biscuits, and all rooms have en suite bathroom with bath and shower. The rooms are tastefully decorated and presented in a 'house-proud' condition. A room for all needs! Rates range from $70 to $150NZD. Our 17 Motel Studio Units all have full cooking facilities. The eight Budget Motel units only have en suites, tea and coffee making facilities, TV, but no cooking although a communal kitchen is available, or guests are welcome to dine in the Hotel Restaurants...
Fiordland Hotel and Motel (3.5 stars)
Fiordland Lodge (INT 5 stars)
Te Anau NZ 9640
Located on the highway to Milford Sound, Fiordland Lodge offers the discerning traveller style, comfort and privacy, yet is only five kilometers from the tourist township of Te Anau. On forty acres of land, Fiordland Lodge is set on a superb site with commanding views out across Lake Te Anau. This is a rural setting with rolling grass lands surrounding the Lodge, Lake Te Anau being a mere ten minute walk away. Across the lake to the west lie the mountains of Fiordland National Park, an area of over three million acres of untouched wilderness and part of the much larger South West New Zealand World Heritage Area.
Lakefront Lodge (4 stars)
58 Lakefront Drive
Welcome to Lakefront Lodge, Te Anau's modern, up-market motel, which offers superior accommodation and friendly, helpful service. Stay at Lakefront Lodge and enjoy the stunning scenery of the Fiordland World Heritage National Park. Visit the famous Milford & Doubtful Sounds, Glow worm Caves or walk the Milford, Kepler, Routeburn, Hollyford or Dusky Tracks. Luxury double spa bath units available. Very popular with trampers & honeymooners.
Parklands Motel (3.5 stars)
Mokoroa Street
We are situated in Te Anau, just a 300m walk from the town centre. Te Anau is the gateway to the wonderful Milford Sound, Doubtful Sound & Glow Worm caves, also the starting place for walking tracks situated in beautiful Fiordland, New Zealand. We offer clean, comfortable and newly renovated facilities overlooking mountains and the park. Our friendly staff can assist you with booking trips and local activities, and have extensive knowledge of Te Anau and the Fiordland region. There are a variety of activities available in Te Anau aswell as the Fiordland region and you can find out more about them by clicking on the 'activities' link on the top menu or browsing the links at the right of the page. Your hosts are Shona, Gary & Sarah McCorkindale.
Shakespeare House (3 stars)
10 Dusky Street
Te Anau, New Zealand, 9681
SHAKESPEARE HOUSE - BED & BREAKFAST : Visit our accommodation and experience Fiordland National Park, a world heritage area on the West Coast of the South Island of New Zealand. The local Lake Te Anau and Lake Manapouri offer magnificent snow-capped mountains as background scenery. Enjoy visiting Milford Sound and Doubtful Sound while staying in the comfort of our Bed and Breakfast. Te Anau is the departure point for many excellent hiking and walking tracks and has an international reputation of being the "walking capital of the world". Transfers are available to all major tracks, including the Great Walks, The Milford, Routeburn and Kepler Tracks. Te Anau, Manapouri and the road to Milford Sound all offer short walks from 30 minutes to 3-6 hours. Follow the Lakeshore boardwalk straight into town and enjoy the gift shops, retail outlets and also our Cafes and Restaurants serving fresh local produce. Other activities include the Te Anau glow-worm caves where a launch takes you across the lake to explore these spectacular underground caves...
Te Anau Lakeview holiday Park (4.5 stars)
1 Te Anau - Manapouri Rd
Te Anau Lakeview Holiday Park. Affordable accommodation , we are Qualmark rated four star plus and have the best views in Te Anau and Fiordland. Accommodation options include self contained motels , family rooms,.ensuite,kitchen cabins, backpackers, single rooms, budget cabins and spacious tent and powered sites. Te Anau Lake View Holiday Park is a convenient starting point for the popular Milford, Kepler, Routeburn, Greenstone, Caples, Dusky and Hollyford tracks and there is an on-site Tracknet bus service connecting to all the major tracks and sightseeing destinations such as Milford Sound, Doubtful Sound and the Te Anau Glowworm Caves, in Fiordland.
Information on Te Anau, NZ
Manapouri (18km)
< Accommodation in New Zealand South Island
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