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Simple test predicts childhood cancer relapse
A cheap simple test could accurately predict the recurrence of a childhood cancer.
Researchers at Brunel University London and University College London have pinpointed a protein marker, which when absent, shows neuroblastoma is almost certain to recur.
It means children with low-risk neuroblastoma, who don’t have the biomarker called PML, can be reclassified as at high risk of relapse and have chemotherapy earlier.
“We have found the absence of PML a very precise marker of tumour recurrence,” said study co-authors, Professors Paolo Salomoni, at UCL and Brunel’s Arturo Sala.
High risk neuroblastoma, which occurs mostly in children under five is treated with surgery and chemotherapy. And neuroblastomas currently rated low risk are just removed or left untreated while doctors ‘wait and see’. But a fraction of low risk tumours recur and ultimately kill.
“In the low risk tumours, the absence of PML will be a very useful marker,” said Prof Sala. “What we can now say is that even some tumours classified as low risk, that would have previously gone untreated, if they show no expression of PML, they ought now to be classified as high risk.”
The next step is a study to confirm that lack of PML positivity can predict poor prognosis. Then would come a clinical trial using PML positivity to guide clinical intervention.
Neuroblastoma, which affects about 100 UK children a year, attacks the peripheral nervous system, which controls muscles, organs and senses. It usually appears as a tumour in the chest or tummy and diagnosed with a needle biopsy. The PML marker could potentially be screened at diagnosis at a cost of a few pounds per test. It could save several UK children every year and be ready for regular NHS use within 2-4 years.
“It is an immediately applicable diagnostic tool,” said Professor Sala. “The cost is relatively small – it is just done by microscope inspection and could be used whenever a child is diagnosed by biopsy. If you save one child it is worthwhile.”
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The Wingspan
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A story about Jeymi Cardona
Hunter King, News and Sports Section Editor
Being in the spotlight is uncomfortable depending on who you ask, but for Jeymi Cardona, the spotlight is always shining on her. And while she may be outnumbered, she continues blazing her trail.
Cardona has an innate passion for robotics and engineering fueled by family and friends. Recently, Cardona joined the robotics team, and upon her arrival, discovered she was the only girl in the class.
“I’m a little shy,” Cardona admitted. “I feel like I’m in the spotlight at times but I really enjoy the class.”
Cardona’s family is made up of five brothers and one sister, not including herself. When she needs guidance, Cardona goes to her mom for advice and motivation.
“I have a big family that loves parties and music,” Cardona said. “Sometimes we go to fun places and sometimes we just have fun at home. My biggest motivator is my mom. She does everything for me and I want to do my best for her. She always believes in me and is the reason why I believe in myself.”
Cardona and her mom have been ordering items online of late that they have to build together.
“I think it’s a really fun way to hang out with her,” Cardona said. “When we’re not fixing things up, I like to listen to music and maybe start drawing, reading or play a game or two.”
Cardona found her love for robotics when she took her principles of engineering class last year. Her experience in that class opened her eyes to the world of robotics and engineering.
“ We did a lot of awesome things in [that class] like building a tiny bridge, a tiny room, and a cool pen,” Cardona said. “I knew we’d be doing stuff like that in robotics and so I took the class. I love fixing and building and I hope to become a great engineer someday.”
In robotics class, they build contraptions and then test them to see if they work properly. For the ones that don’t, they make adjustments until they do, all while noting each step they take.
“Usually [the robots] need bigger claws and we have to figure out how to build one and if it would work,” Cardona said. “My classmates and I work towards the same goals but we do different things that contribute towards it.”
And while being outnumbered can feel like a lot of pressure, one message is still clear in Cardona’s mind, which she tells herself from time to time.
“In the end, do what you want, that’s what matters,” Cardona said. “I took this class because it’d be fun and the fact that I’m a girl doesn’t change anything. Just do what you want.”
And while the road ahead for Cardona may be undiscovered, she wants to stay true to her plan to be a successful engineer.
“I’m gonna try my hardest to accomplish my career and personal goals,” She said. “That in and of itself will take all I have.”
A Day with the Rangerettes
A Winter Concert To Remember
The Worst Distraction
Sports Cancellations
The Battle Begins
Tennis Leaves the Court
New Teacher of the Week: Kelly Blackstone
Impacting The Program
Back on Deck
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Now reading: Balvenie Stories launches worldwide
Balvenie Stories launches worldwide
Speyside distillery The Balvenie has launched a new collection of whiskies inspired by stories of “endeavour, craft and unexpected twists”.
Comprising three single malts, The Balvenie Stories range includes 12-year-old The Sweet Toast of American Oak, 14-year-old The Week of Peat, and 26-year-old A Day of Dark Barley. Each expression has been designed to communicate the stories of the workers at the Dufftown distillery, such as apprentice malt master Kelsey McKechnie’s use of Kentucky virgin oak to create a fruitier Balvenie whisky; former distillery manager Ian Millar introducing smoke from Speyside peat; or malt master David Stewart MBE using an “unusually brittle” barley. Stewart said: “Stories are the lifeblood of The Balvenie distillery. They make up the fabric of who we are and what we do. “The Balvenie Stories collection tells these tales in liquid form, giving whisky drinkers across the globe a special glimpse into the unique and very human nature of how we produce our whisky. “Each expression in the collection reflects this by telling its own story via first-hand accounts and recollections of the many people involved.” The range is available to purchase now globally. The Sweet Toast of American Oak has been bottled at 43% abv and carries an RRP of £45 (US$57). It is said to have notes of candied orange and lemon peel, vanilla toffee and butterscotch, with layers of blossom honey, melted brown sugar and oak spices. The Week of Peat has an abv of 48.3% and will be available for RRP £65 (US$83) per bottle. It is said to be a “classic” Balvenie whisky, with notes of honey, vanilla, citrus and a “delicate” smokiness. It is an “evolution” of The Balvenie Peat Week Aged 14 Years, which was launched in 2017. Meanwhile, A Day of Dark Barley has been bottled at 47.8% abv and will cost RRP £600 (US$762). It is the product of Stewart and his malt men experimenting with heavily roasted dark barley in 1992. The liquid was first released in 2006 as 14-year-old Balvenie Roasted Malt. Tasting notes for A Day of Dark Barley include toffee sweetness, orange peel, oak vanilla, cinnamon and ginger spices. The Balvenie book Furthermore, The Balvenie will launch a book, called Pursuit – The Balvenie Stories Collection, in autumn this year. Edited by award-winning author and journalist Alex Preston, the book will be published by Canongate. It will contain a series of fiction and non-fiction short stories from writers worldwide, including Lawrence Osborne and Max Porter. Further details about the book will be revealed closer to its launch date.
At Wooden Cork, we aim to preserve tradition by providing the unique taste of extensive and private collections of rare liquors. Located in the heart of San Diego, we pride ourselves in being able to export a wide selection of liquors at great prices. Traditions start with a simple “clink” of your glasses, so choose us to deliver carefully crafted and exceptional liquors at www.woodencork.com
Please Drink Responsibly.
WARNING: Drinking distilled spirits, beer, coolers, wine and other alcoholic beverages may increase cancer risk, and, during pregnancy, can cause birth defects. For more information go to
www.P65Warnings.ca.gov/alcohol.
The product images shown are for illustration purposes only and may not be an exact representation of the product.
contact@woodencork.com | (800) 484-3452
© Wooden Cork
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Boys' 100m – IAAF World Youth Championships, Cali 2015
Abdul Hakim Sani Brown wins the boys' 100m at the IAAF World Youth Championships, Cali 2015 (© Getty Images)
Hands up who thinks Abdul Hakim Sani Brown has a cool name?
Well, at the Pascual Guerrero Stadium on Wednesday night (15), the Japanese proved he is one heck of sprinter too, by striking gold at the IAAF World Youth Championships, Cali 2015 in a boys' 100m championship record time of 10.28 to announce himself as a star of the future.
Behind him, Derick Silva of Brazil lived up to his name by taking silver in 10.49 with Rechmial Miller pipping his fellow Brit Oliver Bromby by 0.01 to clinch bronze in 10.59.
Recording the same time as Bromby was Canadian Chuba Nwachukwu, who was awarded fifth.
Yet this race was all about one man as Sani Brown dominated the final, establishing a clear advantage after 40 metres and then extending his lead in the latter stages to claim an emphatic win.
Sani Brown was the class act of the field during the qualification rounds – trimming 0.01 from the championship record in the heats with 10.30 before matching that time in the semi-final running into a -1.2m/s headwind.
The final had quite an unusual make up as it comprised no Jamaican or US sprinters, but a pair of Japanese, Brazilian and British athletes as well as a Canadian and a German.
Sani Brown, with a characteristic low rise out of the blocks, made little early headway as the two men to his immediate inside, Miller and Silva, appeared to hold the marginal early advantage.
However, as the race progressed, Sani Brown – who has a Japanese mother and Ghanaian father – came to the fore, his slightly forward leaning gait no bar to taking control of the race.
In the final 30 metres, the pre-event favourite came into his own, opening up a wide and unassailable gap over his nearest pursuers to flash past the line in 10.28 – a time made even more impressive given it was into a slight headwind of -0.4m/s.
Sani Brown, who stands at 1.87m tall and weighs 72kg, held a slightly goofy but endearing smile following his success in the mixed zone, but despite the improvement he knows there is room for improvement.
“I need to work more on my start if I am to run quicker,” adds the naturally shy Sani Brown, who is targeting a 100m and 200m double in Cali.
Yet with the confidence you might expect from a sprinter when he was asked the question; did he expect to set the championship record in the final, the 16-year-old simply answered “yes”.
Silva had looked the best of the rest throughout the rounds and produced a solid run in the final to take second spot and earn Brazil’s first medal in this event at the World Youth Championships.
Miller, who chipped 0.05 from his best to record 10.45 in the semi-final, was rewarded with a bronze.
There will be more of the AHSB show when he returns for the 200m heats on Friday morning.
Earlier, one of the potential medal contenders Kyle Appel, for South Africa, was abruptly removed from the equation after making a false start in the first semi-final and he will return for the 200m. Another semi-final victim was Australia’s highly-touted Jack Hale. The boy from Tasmania who recorded a wind-aided 10.13 last December trailed home a tired sixth in the second semi-final in 10.70.
Steve Landells for the IAAF
Derick Silva
Rechmial Miller
Abdul Hakim SANI BROWN
World Athletics U18 Championships
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Sample records for containment buildings
Building a secondary containment system
Broder, M.F.
Retail fertilizer and pesticide dealers across the United States are installing secondary containment at their facilities or are seriously considering it. Much of this work is in response to new state regulations; however, many dealers not facing new regulations are upgrading their facilities to reduce their liability, lower their insurance costs, or comply with anticipated regulations. The Tennessee Valley Authority`s (TVA) National Fertilizer and Environmental Research Center (NFERC) has assisted dealers in 22 states in retrofitting containment to their facilities. Simultaneous improvements in the operational efficiency of the facilities have been achieved at many of the sites. This paper is based on experience gained in that work and details the rationale used in planning secondary containment and facility modifications.
Ageing management of CANDUtm concrete containment buildings
Philipose, K.E.; Gregor, F.E.
The containment system in a Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) provides the final physical barrier against release of radioactive materials to the external environment. Even though there are different physical configurations to meet this fundamental safety function in various reactor types, a common feature is the use of a thick-walled concrete structure as part of the containment system commonly referred to as 'Concrete Containment Building'. In order for the concrete containment buildings to continue to provide the required safety function, it has to maintain its structural integrity. As well, its leak rates under test pressures must be maintained below acceptable limits. As some of the containment buildings of the CANDU nuclear power plants are approaching their fourth decade of successful operation, questions regarding the impact of ageing on their ultimate useful service life emerge. Ageing Management has become the tool for addressing those questions. In this paper, the ageing and ageing management of the CANDU concrete containments are discussed, including the specific programs being implemented to monitor and trend the ageing conditions. Specifically, the usefulness of the embedded strain gauges as a tool for the assessment of the condition of the containment concrete structure is discussed. Some of the operational and test data accumulated over the last 30 years have been evaluated and trended to provide some results and conclusions regarding the satisfactory long-term behaviour of the concrete containment buildings. (authors)
Vulnerability analysis in a pwr nuclear power plant containment building
Musolas Otaño, Antoni Maria
When supervising a nuclear power plant, the containment building is crucial. Its functions are guaranteeing structural integrity and avoiding leaks in case of accident. Both events are considered of high risk. Once a given overpressure is registered inside the containment building, three possible outputs are considered: serviceability, breakdown, and collapse. The aim is the study of vulnerability. The vulnerability of the containment building under an overpressure is described by the conditi...
Development of safety enhancement technology of containment building
Seo, Jeong Moon; Choun, Y. S.; Choi, I. K.
This study consists of four research areas, (1) Seismic safety assessment, (2) Aging assessment of a containment building, (3) Prediction of long-term behavior and analysis of a containment building, (4) Performance verification of a containment building. In the seismic safety assessment area, responses of a containment building were monitored and the analysis method was verified. Also performed are the identification of earthquake characteristics and improvement of the seismic fragility analysis method. In the area of aging assessment of a containment building, we developed aging management code SLMS and database. Aging tests were performed for containment building materials and aging models were developed. Techniques for investigation, detection, and evaluation of aging were developed. In the area of prediction of long-term behavior and analysis of a containment building, we developed a non-linear structural analysis code NUCAS and material models. In the area of performance verification of a containment building, we analyzed the crack behavior of a containment wall and the behavior of the containment under internal pressure. We also improved the ISI methods for prestressed containment
Darlington GS vacuum building - containment shell
Huterer, J.; Ha, E.C.; Brown, D.G.; Cheng, P.C.
The paper describes the consequences of new design requirements for the Darlington vacuum building on its structural configuration, analytical and reinforcing steel layout. Attention focuses on the ring girder where the juncture of dome and perimeter wall produces a complex post-tensioning layout, and attendant difficulties in design and construction. At the wall base, full fixity imposes large local stresses. Long-term, shrinkage and creep, and temperature effects become significant. A research program and in-house analytical procedure established time-dependent concrete behaviour and corresponding wall-sectional stresses. The outcome is examined in terms of reinforcement, temperature controls, and wall liner requirements. (orig.)
Pipe line construction for reactor containment buildings
Aoki, Masataka; Yoshinaga, Toshiaki
Purpose: To prevent the missile phenomenon caused by broken fragments due to pipe whip phenomenon in a portion of pipe lines connected to a reactor containment from prevailing to other portions. Constitution: Various pipe lines connected to the pressure vessel are disposed at the outside of the containments and they are surrounded with a plurality of protection partition walls respectively independent from each other. This can eliminate the effect of missile phenomena upon pipe rupture from prevailing to the pipe lines and instruments. Furthermore this can afford sufficient spaces for the pipe lines, as well as for earthquake-proof supports. (Horiuchi, T.)
Building Reproducible Science with Singularity Containers
CERN Multimedia
CERN. Geneva
Michael Bauer first began working with containers at GSI national lab in Darmstadt, Germany, in 2017 while taking a semester off of school at the University of Michigan. Michael met Greg Kurtzer, project lead of Singularity, during his time at GSI and he began contributing heavily to the Singularity project. At the start of summer 2017, Greg hired Michael to work at the ...
Radiation doses in buildings containing coal
Somlai, J.; Kanyar, B.; Nenyei, A.; Nemeth, Z.; Nemeth, Cs.
Using coal-slag with high concentration of 226 Ra as building material could result excess dose of people living in these dwellings. The gamma dose rate, the radon concentration and the radionuclide concentration of built-in slags were measured in kindergartens, schools and homes of three towns (Ajka, Tatabanya, Varpalota). The absorbed dose rates exceeded significantly the world average (80 nGy/h) and the annual dose reached 3-4 mSv in some cases. The dose coming from radon is significant in the case of slags, which did not originate from power plants but from smaller stoves and furnaces because in these cases the burning temperature is lower, so the radon emanation is higher. The dose in the latter cases could reach 10-20 mSv/year. (author)
Detailed thermal-hydraulic computation into a containment building
Caruso. A.; Flour, I.; Simonin, O. [EDF/LNH, Chatou (France); Cherbonnel, C [EDF/SEPTEN, Villeurbanne (France)
This paper deals with numerical predictions of the influence of water sprays upon stratifications into a containment building using a two-dimensional two-phase flow code. Basic equations and closure assumptions are briefly presented. A test case in a situation involving spray evaporation is first detailed to illustrate the validation step. Then results are presented for a compressible recirculating flow into a containment building with condensation phenomena.
Prediction of failure modes for concrete nuclear-containment buildings
Butler, T.A.
The failure modes and associated failure pressures for two common generic types of PWR containments are predicted. One building type is a lightly reinforced, posttensioned structure represented by the Zion nuclear reactor containment. The other is the normally reinforced Indian Point containment. Two-dimensional models of the buildings developed using the finite element method are used to predict the failure modes and failure pressures. Predicted failure modes for both containments involve loss of structural integrity at the intersection of the cylindrical sidewall with the base slab
Numerical analyses of an aircraft crash on containment building
Sim, Jae Min; Kim, Seung Hyun; Chang, Yoon Suk [Kyunghee University, Yongin (Korea, Republic of)
The containment building is responsible to isolate and protect internal devices against external conditions like earthquake, hurricane and impact loading. It has also to protect leakage of radioactivity, like LOCA (Loss Of Coolant Accident), when severe accidents occurred. Meanwhile, social awareness such as terrorism has been increased globally after international aircraft crashes at World Trade Center and Pentagon. In this paper, FE (Finite Element) analyses according to variation of crash locations and speeds were carried out to examine the aircraft crash impact on a domestic containment building. In this paper, numerical analyses of aircraft crash on NPP's containment building were performed taking into account different locations and aircraft speeds. (1) Amounts of concrete failure were dependent on the crash locations and the connector was the most delicate location comparing to the dome and wall part. (2) Maximum stress values generated at the liner plate and rebars did not exceed their UTS values.
Sim, Jae Min; Kim, Seung Hyun; Chang, Yoon Suk
The containment building is responsible to isolate and protect internal devices against external conditions like earthquake, hurricane and impact loading. It has also to protect leakage of radioactivity, like LOCA (Loss Of Coolant Accident), when severe accidents occurred. Meanwhile, social awareness such as terrorism has been increased globally after international aircraft crashes at World Trade Center and Pentagon. In this paper, FE (Finite Element) analyses according to variation of crash locations and speeds were carried out to examine the aircraft crash impact on a domestic containment building. In this paper, numerical analyses of aircraft crash on NPP's containment building were performed taking into account different locations and aircraft speeds. (1) Amounts of concrete failure were dependent on the crash locations and the connector was the most delicate location comparing to the dome and wall part. (2) Maximum stress values generated at the liner plate and rebars did not exceed their UTS values
Evaluation of high-pressure containment buildings for LMFBR's
Armstrong, G.R.
A study was conducted on the use of High Pressure LMFBR Containment Buildings for 1000 MW(e) LMFBRs. Two principal aspects were investigated: accident consequence mitigation and cost. Two types of hypothetical accidents were analyzed to establish consequence mitigation: melt-through and energetic expulsion. Three Containment Building (CB) design pressures were investigated: 69 kPa (10 psig), 207 kPa (30 psig), and 414 kPa (60 psig). Four types of design structures were analyzed to establish cost: steel, steel with confinement building, reinforced concrete, and prestressed/post-tensioned concrete. Results show that: it is within reason that a high pressure containment for a 1000 MW(e) reactor can be fabricated that will retain its integrity during postulated severe hypothetical accidents, if available measures are taken to reduce or prevent hydrogen production and the cost differential between basic high (414 kPa) and low (69 kPa) pressure containments is $10 x 10 6 or less
Investigation of superstructure damping identification for the HDR containment building
Hsieh, B.J.; Kot, C.A.; Srinivasan, M.G.
A method for the estimation of first mode structural damping, developed by other investigators, was applied to shaker test data of the HDR containment building. Due to inadequate precision in the experimental phase measurements no valid results could be obtained. Based on modal analysis it was also noted that for systems such as the HDR building, contributions of higher modes are not negligible as was assumed in the original approach. Therefore, the procedure for the determination of superstructure damping using experimental data was extended to include the effects of higher modes. The extended method does not lead to any higher order nonlinear equations than the first mode approximation and was found to be as simple to apply as the original approach
Hydrogen behavior at a subcomparment in the containment building
Lee, U. J.; Park, G. C. [Seoul National University, Seoul (Korea, Republic of)
For hydrogen management in severe accidents with degraded nuclear core of PWR`s, several experiments have been performed in the SNU hydrogen mixing facility. The objectives are understanding the extent of hydrogen mixing and analyzing the effects of factors which dominate uniform or non-uniform mixing at compartments in the containment building. The facility represents on a 1/11th linearly scaled model of the YGN unit 3 and 4, hydrogen was simulated by helium. Because there are the gaps between safety injection tank and compartment layers in the containment, the test facility was constructed in three dimensional mode for analyzing of mixture behaviour through the gaps. >From the experimental results we could conclude that overall hydrogen concentration distributed uniformly in the free volume of the test compartment, but fluctuated in the gaps. This paper is focused on experimental result from several experiments. 5 refs., 4 figs. (Author)
Lee, U J; Park, G C [Seoul National University, Seoul (Korea, Republic of)
The nonlinear finite element analysis program NUCAS (NUclear Containment Analysis System) for reinforced concrete containment building
Lee, Sang Jin; Lee, Hong Pyo; Seo, Jeong Moon [Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Taejeon (Korea)
The maim goal of this research is to develop a nonlinear finite element analysis program NUCAS to accurately predict global and local failure modes of containment building subjected to internal pressure. In this report, we describe the techniques we developed throught this research. An adequate model to the analysis of containment building such as microscopic material model is adopted and it applied into the development Reissner-Mindlin degenerated shell element. To avoid finite element deficiencies, the substitute strains based on the assumed strain method is used in the shell formulation. Arc-length control method is also adopted to fully trace the peak load-displacement path due to crack formation. In addition, a benchmark test suite is developed to investigate the performance of NUCAS and proposed as the future benchmark tests for nonlinear analysis of reinforced concrete. Finally, the input format of NUCAS and the examples of input/output file are described. 39 refs., 65 figs., 8 tabs. (Author)
Detonability of containment building atmospheres during core-meltdown accidents
Jaung, R.; Berlad, L.; Pratt, W.
During Core-Meltdown Accidents in Light Water Reactors, significant quantities of combustible gases could be released to the containment building. The highest possible peak pressure fields that may occur through combustion processes are associated with detonation phenomena. Accordingly, it is necessary to understand and identify the possible ways in which detonations may or may not occur. Although no comprehensive theory of detonation is currently available, there are useful guidelines, which can be derived from current theoretical concepts and the body of experimental data. This paper examines these guidelines and indicates how they may be used to evaluate the possible occurrence of detonation-related combustion processes. In particular, this study identifies three features that an initiation source must achieve if it is to ultimately result in a stable detonation. One of these features requires post-shock initial conditions that lead to very short ignition delays. This concept is used to examine the possibility of achieving quasi-steady detonation phenomena in nuclear reactor containment buildings during postulated core-melt accidents
Aircraft Impact Assessment of APR1400 Reactor Containment Building
Moon, Il Hwan; Kim, Do Yeon; Kim, Jae Hee; Kim, Sang Yun
The implementation of a protection to withstand aircraft impact on safety-related structures and systems is basically based on a probabilistic evaluation for each site, if the licensing body doesn't require a deterministic approach. Existing nuclear power plants in Korea were designed based on the probabilistic approach, and the aircraft impact hazard remained less than a probability of 10 -7 . However, a man-made aircraft impact have been considered as a possible external accident for the nuclear power plant. New plant designs that are to be constructed in the U.S. after July 2009 must consider the effect of impact from a large commercial aircraft according to the requirements of 10 CFR 50.150. Especially, Reactor Containment Building (RCB) housing the safety-related equipment and fuels should be protected safely against aircraft crash without perforation and scabbing failure of external wall. APR1400 RCB is constructed as a prestressed concrete containment vessel (PCCV) which is surrounded by the auxiliary building housing additional safety-related equipment and other systems. In this study, the aircraft impact analyses for the RCB are carried out using Riera forcing function and aircraft model. Considered external wall thickness is 4 ft 6 in. for the cylindrical wall and 4 ft for the dome. Actual strengths of concrete and steel are considered as the material properties. For these analyses, the dynamic increment factor and concrete aging effect are considered in accordance with NEI 07-13(2011)
The spectroscopic study of building composites containing natural sorbents.
Król, M; Mozgawa, W
This work presents the results of FT-IR spectroscopic studies of heavy metal cations (Ag(+), Pb(2+), Zn(2+), Cd(2+) and Cr(3+)) immobilization from aqueous solutions on natural sorbents. The sorption has been conducted on sodium forms of zeolite (clinoptilolite) and clay minerals (mixtures containing mainly montmorillonite and kaolinite) which have been separated from natural Polish deposit. In the next part of the work both sorbents were used to obtain new building composites. It was proven those heavy metal cations' sorption causes changes in IR spectra of the zeolite and clay minerals. These alterations are dependent on the way the cations were sorbed. In the case of zeolite, variations of the bands corresponding to the characteristic ring vibrations have been observed. These rings occur in pseudomolecular complexes 4-4-1 (built of alumino- and silicooxygen tetrahedra) which constitute the secondary building units (SBU) and form spatial framework of the zeolite. The most significant changes have been determined in the region of pseudolattice vibrations (650-700 cm(-1)). In the instance of clay minerals, changes in the spectra occur at two ranges: 1200-800 cm(-1)--the range of the bands assigned to asymmetric Si-O(Si,Al) and bending Al-OH vibrations and 3800-3000 cm(-1)--the range of the bands originating from OH(-) groups stretching vibrations. Next results indicate possibilities of applying the used natural sorbents for the obtainment of new building materials having favourable composition and valuable properties. The zeolite was used for obtaining autoclaved materials with an addition of CaO, and the clay minerals for ceramic sintered materials with an addition of quartz and clinoptilolite were produced. FT-IR studies were also conducted on the obtained materials. Copyright © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
The theoretical modelling of aerosol behaviour within containment buildings
Dunbar, I.H.
The modelling of the deposition of aerosol particles within the containment building plays an important part in determining the effectiveness of the building in reducing releases of activity following accidents. This paper describes attempts to ensure the accuracy of computer codes which model aerosol behaviour, with special reference to the code AEROSIM-M. Code intercomparisons have been used to test the reliability of the coding and the accuracy of the numerical methods. Those codes which assume that the particle size distribution is always lognormal give significantly different results from those which do not make this assumption but instead discretise the range of particle sizes. When the same physical assumptions are made, the predictions of different discrete codes are in reasonable agreement. In comparisons between an earlier version of AEROSIM and sodium fire experiments, the code achieved good agreement on the overall time-scale of deposition. An extensive set of tests of AEROSIM-M against experiments relevant to LWR conditions is underway. (author)
Biaxial behavior of plain concrete of nuclear containment building
Lee, Sang-Keun E-mail: sklee0806@bcline.com; Song, Young-Chul; Han, Sang-Hoon
To provide biaxial failure behavior characteristics of concrete of a standard Korean nuclear containment building, the concrete specimens with the dimensions of 200 mmx200 mmx60 mm were tested under different biaxial load combinations. The specimens were subjected to biaxial load combinations covering the three regions of compression-compression, compression-tension, nd tension-tension. To avoid a confining effect due to friction in the boundary surface between the concrete specimen and the loading platen, the loading platens with Teflon pads were used. The principal deformations in the specimens were recorded, and the failure modes along with each stress ratio were examined. Based on the strength data, the biaxial ultimate strength envelopes were developed and the biaxial stress-strain responses in three different biaxial loading regions were plotted. The test results indicated hat the concrete strength under equal biaxial compression, f{sub 1}=f{sub 2}, is higher by about 17% on the average than that under the uniaxial compression and the concrete strength under biaxial tension is almost independent of the stress ratio and is similar to that under the uniaxial tension.
Hydraulic behaviour of a representative structural volume for containment buildings
Jason, Ludovic; Pijaudier-Cabot, Gilles; Ghavamian, Shahrokh; Huerta, Antonio
For particular structures like containment buildings of nuclear power plants, the study of the hydraulic behaviour is of great concern. These structures are indeed the third barrier used to protect the environment in case of accidents. The evolution of the leaking rate through the porous medium is closely related to the changes in the permeability during the ageing process of the structure. It is thus essential to know the relation between concrete degradation and the transfer property when the consequences of a mechanical loading on the hydraulic behaviour have to be evaluated. A chained approach is designed for this purpose. The mechanical behaviour is described by an elastic plastic damage formulation, where damage is responsible for the softening evolution while plasticity accounts for the development of irreversible strains. The drying process is evaluated according to a non-linear equation of diffusion. From the knowledge of the damage and the degree of saturation, a relation is proposed to calculate the permeability of concrete. Finally, the non-homogeneous distribution of the hydraulic conductivity is included in the hydraulic problem which is in fact the association of the mass balance equation for gas phase and Darcy law. From this methodology, it is shown how an indicator for the hydraulic flows can be deduced
Lee, Sang-Keun; Song, Young-Chul; Han, Sang-Hoon
To provide biaxial failure behavior characteristics of concrete of a standard Korean nuclear containment building, the concrete specimens with the dimensions of 200 mmx200 mmx60 mm were tested under different biaxial load combinations. The specimens were subjected to biaxial load combinations covering the three regions of compression-compression, compression-tension, nd tension-tension. To avoid a confining effect due to friction in the boundary surface between the concrete specimen and the loading platen, the loading platens with Teflon pads were used. The principal deformations in the specimens were recorded, and the failure modes along with each stress ratio were examined. Based on the strength data, the biaxial ultimate strength envelopes were developed and the biaxial stress-strain responses in three different biaxial loading regions were plotted. The test results indicated hat the concrete strength under equal biaxial compression, f 1 =f 2 , is higher by about 17% on the average than that under the uniaxial compression and the concrete strength under biaxial tension is almost independent of the stress ratio and is similar to that under the uniaxial tension
Ageing degradation in the Gentilly-1 concrete containment building
Jaffer, S.; Pentecost, S.; Angell, P.; Shenton, B.
Concrete containment buildings (CCBs) are designed for a service life up to 40 years, but nuclear power plant (NPP) refurbishment can extend service life beyond 60 years. Only limited testing can be conducted on an in-service CCB. The Gentilly-1 (G-1) NPP is in a safe, sustainable shutdown state and the G-1 CCB was available for testing to determine age-related degradation that may be relevant to operating CCBs. Visual observation of the G-1 CCB helped to identify various signs of degradation. However, field testing, via concrete removal, was performed to: (i) examine reinforcing bars and concrete to determine their condition and in-situ stresses and (ii) examine condition of post-tensioned (P-T) wires. The concrete was also subjected to laboratory tests to evaluate its physical, mechanical and chemical properties such as compressive strength, carbonation depth, chloride content and presence of internal degradation. The degradation mechanisms that were clearly visible include macro- and micro-cracking, efflorescence, and weathering. The reinforcing bars in the perimeter wall and dome exposed during the program showed no evidence of active corrosion. Corrosion products were observed on the surfaces of most exposed P-T wires in the perimeter wall, but none were present on P-T wires exposed in the dome. Laboratory testing on the concrete cores extracted from the CCB revealed compressive strength in excess of the design requirements, low carbonation depths (< 10 mm) and no appreciable chlorides. Micro-cracking was observed in the samples recovered from the wall and dome. To date, the observed micro-cracking has had no apparent visible affect on the performance of the CCB concrete. (authors)
Guidelines for Assessment and Abatement of Asbestos-Containing Materials in Buildings.
Pielert, James H.; Mathey, Robert G.
This report presents guidelines, based on available information, for the assessment and abatement of asbestos-containing materials in buildings. Section 1 provides background information on the history and use of asbestos-containing products in buildings, the characteristics of asbestos fibers, products and materials containing asbestos, and…
Requirements for the coatings of a nuclear power plant containment building
Orantie, K.; Kuosa, H.; Haekkae-Roennholm, E.
The report presents the criteria for the inside coatings of nuclear power plant containment buildings including: radiation resistance, decontamination, chemical resistance in accident situations and fire resistance
Aging characteristics of containment building and sensitivity on ultimate pressure capacity
Seo, Jeong Moon; Choun, Young Sun; Choi, In Kil; Ha, Jae Joo
For the reliable safety assessment of the containment building, structural and material conditions can be investigated in detail and pertinent assessment technologies have to be established. Also, an understanding on the aging-related degradations for the construction materials is required to predict long-term structural safety of the containment building. For the development of reliable aging prediction models, an extensive data base system related to aging properties of the containment building has to be prepared. The objectives of this research are to develop aging models representing long-term degradation of materials and a structural performance assessment program for containment building considering aging-related degradation. According to the results of sensitivity analysis, as the mechanical properties of the constituent materials degrade, the ultimate pressure capacity of containment building may decrease and severe damage may occur around the mid-level of the containment wall. (author). 28 refs., 11 tabs., 36 figs
Aerosol behavior in the reactor containment building during severe accident
Berthion, Y.; Lhiaubet, G.; Gauvain, J.
Thermohydraulic behavior inside a PWR containment during severe accident depends on decay heat transferred to the sump water by aerosol gravitational settling and deposition. Conversely, aerosol behavior depends on thermal hydraulic conditions, especially atmosphere moisture for soluble aerosol GsI, and CsOH. Therefore, a small iterative procedure between thermo-hydraulic and aerosol calculations has been performed in order to evaluate the importance of this coupling between the two phenomena. In this paper, it is shown that with this procedure and using our codes JERICHO, RICOCHET and AEROSOLS/B1, the steam condensation on aerosols is an important phenomenon for a correct estimation of the attenuation factor of the suspended mass of aerosols in the airborne of the containment. Then, we have a more realistic assessment of the source term released by the containment
Hydrogen behavior in a large-dry pressurized water reactor containment building during a severe accident
Hsu Wensheng; Chen Hungpei; Hung Zhenyu; Lin Huichen
Following severe accidents in nuclear power plants, large quantities of hydrogen may be generated after core degradation. If the hydrogen is transported from the reactor vessel into the containment building, an explosion might occur, which might threaten the integrity of the building; this can ultimately cause the release of radioactive materials. During the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear accident in 2011, the primary containment structures remained intact but contaminated fragments broke off the secondary containment structures, which disrupted mitigation activities and triggered subsequent explosions. Therefore, the ability to predict the behavior of hydrogen after severe accidents may facilitate the development of effective nuclear reactor accident management procedures. The present study investigated the behavior of hydrogen in a large-dry pressurized water reactor (PWR). The amount of hydrogen produced was calculated using the Modular Accident Analysis Program. The hydrogen transport behavior and the effect of the explosion on the PWR containment building were simulated using the Flame Acceleration Simulator. The simulation results showed that the average hydrogen volume fraction is approximately 7% in the containment building and that the average temperature is 330 K. The maximum predicted pressure load after ignition is 2.55 bar, which does not endanger the structural integrity of the containment building. The results of this investigation indicate that the hydrogen mitigation system should be arranged on both the upper and lower parts of the containment building to reduce the impact of an explosion. (author)
Failure modes of a concrete nuclear-containment building subjected to hydrogen detonation
Fugelso, L.E.; Butler, T.A.
Calculated response for the Indian Point reactor containment building to static internal pressure and one case of a dynamic pressure representing hydrogen combustion and detonation are presented. Comparison of the potential failure modes is made. 9 figures
Failure Mode Estimation of Wolsong Unit 1 Containment Building with respect to Severe Accident Condition
Hahm, Dae Gi; Choi, In Kil
The containment buildings in a nuclear power plant (NPP) are final barriers against the exposure of harmful radiation materials at severe accident condition. Since the accident at Three Mile Island nuclear plant in 1979, it has become necessary to evaluate the internal pressure capacity of the containment buildings for the assessment of the safety of nuclear power plants. According to this necessity, many researchers including Yonezawa et al. and Hu and Lin analyzed the ultimate capacity of prestressed concrete containments subjected to internal pressure which can be occurred at sever accident condition. Especially in Wolsong nuclear power plant, the Unit 1 containment structures were constructed in the late 1970 to early 1980, so that the end of its service life will be reached in near future. Since that the complete decommission and reconstruction of the NPP may cause a huge expenses, an extension of the service time can be a cost-effective alternative. To extend the service time of NPP, an overall safety evaluation of the containment building under severe accident condition should be performed. In this study, we assessed the pressure capacity of Wolsong Unit 1 containment building under severe accident, and estimated the responses at all of the probable critical areas. Based on those results, we found the significant failure modes of Wolsong Unit 1 containment building with respect to the severe accident condition. On the other hand, for the aged NPP, the degradation of their structural performance must also be explained in the procedure of the internal pressure capacity evaluation. Therefore, in this study, we performed a parametric study on the degradation effects and evaluated the internal pressure capacity of Wolsong Unit 1 containment building with considering aging and degradation effects
Analysis of flammability in the attached buildings to containment under severe accident conditions
Rosa, J.C. de la, E-mail: juan-carlos.de-la-rosa-blul@ec.europa.eu [European Commission Joint Research Centre (Netherlands); Fornós, Joan, E-mail: jfornosh@anacnv.com [Asociación Nuclear Ascó-Vandellós (Spain)
Highlights: • Analysis of flammability conditions in buildings outside containment. • Stepwise approach easily applicable for any kind of containment and attached buildings layout. • Detailed application for real plant conditions has been included. - Abstract: Right after the events unfolded in Fukushima Daiichi, the European Union countries agreed in subjecting Nuclear Power Plants to Stress Tests as developed by WENRA and ENSREG organizations. One of the results as implemented in many European countries derived from such tests consisted of mandatory technical instructions issued by nuclear regulatory bodies on the analysis of potential risk of flammable gases in attached buildings to containment. The current study addresses the key aspects of the analysis of flammable gases leaking to auxiliary buildings attached to Westinghouse large-dry PWR containment for the specific situation where mitigating systems to prevent flammable gases to grow up inside containment are available, and containment integrity is preserved – hence avoiding isolation system failure. It also provides a full practical exercise where lessons learned derived from the current study – hence limited to the imposed boundary conditions – are applied. The leakage of gas from the containment to the support buildings is based on separate calculations using the EPRI-owned Modular Accident Analysis Program, MAAP4.07. The FATE™ code (facility Flow, Aerosol, Thermal, and Explosion) was used to model the transport and distribution of leaked flammable gas (H{sub 2} and CO) in the penetration buildings. FATE models the significant mixing (dilution) which occurs as the released buoyant gas rises and entrains air. Also, FATE accounts for the condensation of steam on room surfaces, an effect which acts to concentrate flammable gas. The results of the analysis show that during a severe accident, flammable conditions are unlikely to occur in compartmentalized buildings such as the one used in the
Rosa, J.C. de la; Fornós, Joan
Highlights: • Analysis of flammability conditions in buildings outside containment. • Stepwise approach easily applicable for any kind of containment and attached buildings layout. • Detailed application for real plant conditions has been included. - Abstract: Right after the events unfolded in Fukushima Daiichi, the European Union countries agreed in subjecting Nuclear Power Plants to Stress Tests as developed by WENRA and ENSREG organizations. One of the results as implemented in many European countries derived from such tests consisted of mandatory technical instructions issued by nuclear regulatory bodies on the analysis of potential risk of flammable gases in attached buildings to containment. The current study addresses the key aspects of the analysis of flammable gases leaking to auxiliary buildings attached to Westinghouse large-dry PWR containment for the specific situation where mitigating systems to prevent flammable gases to grow up inside containment are available, and containment integrity is preserved – hence avoiding isolation system failure. It also provides a full practical exercise where lessons learned derived from the current study – hence limited to the imposed boundary conditions – are applied. The leakage of gas from the containment to the support buildings is based on separate calculations using the EPRI-owned Modular Accident Analysis Program, MAAP4.07. The FATE™ code (facility Flow, Aerosol, Thermal, and Explosion) was used to model the transport and distribution of leaked flammable gas (H_2 and CO) in the penetration buildings. FATE models the significant mixing (dilution) which occurs as the released buoyant gas rises and entrains air. Also, FATE accounts for the condensation of steam on room surfaces, an effect which acts to concentrate flammable gas. The results of the analysis show that during a severe accident, flammable conditions are unlikely to occur in compartmentalized buildings such as the one used in the
Preliminary CFD Analysis for HVAC System Design of a Containment Building
Son, Sung Man; Choi, Choengryul [ELSOLTEC, Yongin (Korea, Republic of); Choo, Jae Ho; Hong, Moonpyo; Kim, Hyungseok [KEPCO Engineering and Construction, Gimcheon (Korea, Republic of)
HVAC (Heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioning) system has been mainly designed based on overall heat balance and averaging concepts, which is simple and useful for designing overall system. However, such a method has the disadvantage that cannot predict the local flow and temperature distributions in a containment building. In this study, a CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) preliminary analysis is carried out to obtain detailed flow and temperature distributions in a containment building and to ensure that such information can be obtained via CFD analysis. This approach can be useful for hydrogen analysis in an accident related to hydrogen released into a containment building. In this study, CFD preliminary analysis has been performed to obtain the detailed information of the reactor containment building by using the CFD analysis techniques and to ensure that such information can be obtained via CFD analysis. We confirmed that CFD analysis can offer enough detailed information about flow patterns and temperature field and that CFD technique is a useful tool for HVAC design of nuclear power plants.
Electric cable insulation pyrolysis and ignition resulting from potential hydrogen burn scenarios for nuclear containment buildings
Berlad, A.L.; Jaung, R.; Pratt, W.T.
Electric cable insulation in nuclear containment buildings may participate in pyrolysis and combustion processes engendered by hydrogen burn phenomena. This paper examines these pyrolysis/ignition processes of those polymeric materials present in the electric cable insulation and their possible relation to hydrogen burn scenarios
Piercing of the containment shell of a reactor building in case of airplane crash
Herzog, M.
The author presents a simple calculation model for a realistic check of the piercing safety of containments of reactor buildings in case of airplane crash. Its application is illustrated by a numerical example (Starfighter crash on the Unterweser nuclear power plant). (orig.) [de
Dynamic analysis of reactor containment building using axisymmetric finite element model
Thakkar, S.K.; Dubey, R.N.
The structural safety of nuclear reactor building during earthquake is of great importance in view of possibility of radiation hazards. The rational evaluation of forces and displacements in various portions of structure and foundation during strong ground motion is most important for safe performance and economic design of the reactor building. The accuracy of results of dynamic analysis is naturally dependent on the type of mathematical model employed. Three types of mathematical models are employed for dynamic analysis of reactor building beam model axisymmetric finite element model and three dimensional model. In this paper emphasis is laid on axisymmetric model. This model of containment building is considered a reinfinement over conventional beam model of the structure. The nuclear reactor building on a rocky foundation is considered herein. The foundation-structure interaction is relatively less in this condition. The objective of the paper is to highlight the significance of modelling of non-axisymmetric portion of building, such as reactor internals by equivalent axisymmetric body, on the structural response of the building
Integrity assessment of grouted posttensioning cables and reinforced concrete of a nuclear containment building
Philipose, K.; Shenton, B.
The Containment Buildings of CANDU Nuclear Generating Stations were designed to house nuclear reactors and process equipment and also to provide confinement of releases from a potential nuclear accident such as a Loss Of Coolant Accident (LOCA). To meet this design requirement, a post-tensioning system was designed to induce compressive stresses in the structure to counteract the internal design pressure. The CANDU reactor building at Gentilly-1 (G-1), Quebec, Canada (250 MWe) was built in the early 1970s and is currently in a decommissioned state. The structure at present is under surveillance and monitoring. In the year 2000, a field investigation was conducted as part of a condition assessment and corrosion was detected in some of the grouted post-tension cable strands. However, no further work was done at that time to determine the cause, nature, impact and extent of the corrosion. An investigation of the Gentilly-1 containment building is currently underway to assess the condition of grouted post-tensioning cables and reinforced concrete. At two selected locations, concrete and steel reinforcements were removed from the containment building wall to expose horizontal cables. Individual cable strands and reinforcement bars were instrumented and measurements were taken in-situ before removing them for forensic examination and destructive testing to determine the impact of ageing and corrosion. Concrete samples were also removed and tested in a laboratory. The purpose of the field investigation and laboratory testing, using this structure as a test bed, was also to collect material ageing data and to develop potential Nondestructive Examination (NDE) methods to monitor Containment Building Integrity. The paper describes the field work conducted and the test results obtained for concrete, reinforcement and post-tensioning cables.
Study of Real Time Location System For Worker in Containment Building at Nuclear Power Plant
Lee, S. Y.; Kim, G. S. [Samchang Enterprise Company, Ulsan (Korea, Republic of); Kim, H. S. [Ulsan Univ., Ulsan (Korea, Republic of)
Workers are required special management to minimize radiation exposure in nuclear power plant. Especially, there are many limitation in their activities at containment building in nuclear power plant. Test personnel shall administer the workers by tracing the location of them inside containment building in nuclear power plant. They may be exposed to the unnecessary radiation due to a complex and high radiation area in the building. Test personnel needs to manage efficiently for worker's safety and work hours at containment building. Therefore, it is critical for the test personnel to notice the risk to the workers by identifying the location when the workers are facing the dangerous situation on the high area. In this paper, we introduce requirements and design method to develop the one and two dimensional RTLS(Real Time Locating System) by using CSS(Chirp Spread Spectrum) which enables precise location measurement and robust data communication even indoor environment with serious electromagnetic interference caused by complicated structure such as the inside of containment building in the nuclear power plant. In the algorithm to compute the distance, it is suggested to use SDS-TWR(Symmetrical Double-Sided Two-Way Ranging) to solve the issue of indirect routes, and develop the power circuit with 10mW of designing gain for output power to meet the KCC standard in order to increase the raging distance, in addition, communication between Anchor and distance measuring computer shall be designed to increase energy using time of Tags(nodes) by using CAN(Controller Area Network) communication.
Shenton B.
Full Text Available The Containment Buildings of CANDU Nuclear Generating Stations were designed to house nuclear reactors and process equipment and also to provide confinement of releases from a potential nuclear accident such as a Loss Of Coolant Accident (LOCA. To meet this design requirement, a post-tensioning system was designed to induce compressive stresses in the structure to counteract the internal design pressure. The CANDU reactor building at Gentilly-1 (G-1, Quebec, Canada (250 MWe was built in the early 1970s and is currently in a decommissioned state. The structure at present is under surveillance and monitoring. In the year 2000, a field investigation was conducted as part of a condition assessment and corrosion was detected in some of the grouted post-tension cable strands. However, no further work was done at that time to determine the cause, nature, impact and extent of the corrosion. An investigation of the Gentilly-1 containment building is currently underway to assess the condition of grouted post-tensioning cables and reinforced concrete. At two selected locations, concrete and steel reinforcements were removed from the containment building wall to expose horizontal cables. Individual cable strands and reinforcement bars were instrumented and measurements were taken in-situ before removing them for forensic examination and destructive testing to determine the impact of ageing and corrosion. Concrete samples were also removed and tested in a laboratory. The purpose of the field investigation and laboratory testing, using this structure as a test bed, was also to collect material ageing data and to develop potential Nondestructive Examination (NDE methods to monitor Containment Building Integrity. The paper describes the field work conducted and the test results obtained for concrete, reinforcement and post-tensioning cables.
Shenton B.; Philipose K.
The Containment Buildings of CANDU Nuclear Generating Stations were designed to house nuclear reactors and process equipment and also to provide confinement of releases from a potential nuclear accident such as a Loss Of Coolant Accident (LOCA). To meet this design requirement, a post-tensioning system was designed to induce compressive stresses in the structure to counteract the internal design pressure. The CANDU reactor building at Gentilly-1 (G-1), Quebec, Canada (250 MWe) was built in th...
Phenomenological uncertainty analysis of containment building pressure load caused by severe accident sequences
Park, S.Y.; Ahn, K.I.
Highlights: • Phenomenological uncertainty analysis has been applied to level 2 PSA. • The methodology provides an alternative to simple deterministic analyses and sensitivity studies. • A realistic evaluation provides a more complete characterization of risks. • Uncertain parameters of MAAP code for the early containment failure were identified. - Abstract: This paper illustrates an application of a severe accident analysis code, MAAP, to the uncertainty evaluation of early containment failure scenarios employed in the containment event tree (CET) model of a reference plant. An uncertainty analysis of containment pressure behavior during severe accidents has been performed for an optimum assessment of an early containment failure model. The present application is mainly focused on determining an estimate of the containment building pressure load caused by severe accident sequences of a nuclear power plant. Key modeling parameters and phenomenological models employed for the present uncertainty analysis are closely related to the in-vessel hydrogen generation, direct containment heating, and gas combustion. The basic approach of this methodology is to (1) develop severe accident scenarios for which containment pressure loads should be performed based on a level 2 PSA, (2) identify severe accident phenomena relevant to an early containment failure, (3) identify the MAAP input parameters, sensitivity coefficients, and modeling options that describe or influence the early containment failure phenomena, (4) prescribe the likelihood descriptions of the potential range of these parameters, and (5) evaluate the code predictions using a number of random combinations of parameter inputs sampled from the likelihood distributions
Extreme accident mitigation - analysis of a low pressure secondary containment building
Vaughan, G.J.; Dunbar, I.H.
Although whole core accidents are sufficiently unlikely as to be beyond the design basis, the Secondary Containment Building [SCB] is expected to have some effect in mitigating the consequences of such accidents. From a design point of view there are many advantages in having a low pressure SCB fitted with a filtered vent, so studies have been undertaken of the response of such a building to the large sodium fires that might follow a severe accident. The behaviour of the sodium oxide aerosols has been studied using the code AEROSIM. The efficiency of an aerosol scrubber has been investigated experimentally. A simple code, SECCONTAIN, has been developed to model the effects of sodium fires in buildings, and has been applied to a specific design of a low pressure SCB. (author)
Influence of temperature on strain monitoring of degradation in concrete containment buildings
Ding, Y.; Jaffer, S.; Angell, P.
Concrete containment buildings (CCBs) are important safety structures in a nuclear power plant (NPP). The CCBs can be made of reinforced and post-tensioned (P-T) concrete. Post-tensioning concrete induces compressive stresses, which have to be overcome for the concrete to crack under tensile loads. However, post-tensioned CCBs may undergo pre-stressing losses as they age, which could affect their performance under accident conditions. CANDU 6 reactor buildings contain grouted post-tensioned tendons as the primary reinforcement. The grouting of the tendons makes direct monitoring of pre-stressing losses via lift-off testing impossible. Therefore, instruments have been installed on an existing reactor building to measure and monitor strains and stresses in the concrete and the deformation of the concrete structure to detect aging degradation and indirectly evaluate the pre-stressing losses. However, the instrumentation readings are affected by temporary volume changes in the concrete caused by the influence of environmental factors, particularly temperature, on concrete. In this work, the focus is on developing an understanding of the effect of temperature on the interpretation of instrumentation data from a reactor building. Vibrating Wire Strain Gauge (VWSG) data has been analysed. The influence of concrete coefficient of thermal expansion and temperature distribution within the reactor building walls, on VWSG data, is discussed based on the analysis of the available instrumentation data and available numerical simulation results. The present study demonstrates that temperature distribution within the containment concrete has a significant impact on the VWSG measurements and the coefficient of thermal expansion of concrete is an important factor in the correction of VWSG data for thermal strain. It is recommended that VWSG data obtained over small temperature variations be considered for interpretation to assess pre-stressing losses. (authors)
Assessment of Effective Prestressed Force of Nuclear Containment Building using SI Technique
Lee, H. P.; Jang, J. B.; Hwang, K. M.; Song, Y. C. [Korea Electric Power Research Institute, Daejeon (Korea, Republic of)
Bonded tendons have been used in reactor buildings of heavy water reactors and the light water reactors of some nuclear power plants operating in Korea. The assessment of prestressed forces on those bonded tendons is becoming an important issue in assuring their continuous operation beyond their design life. In order to assess the effective prestressed force on the bonded tendon, indirect assessment techniques have been applying to the test beams which were manufactured on construction time. Therefore, this research mainly forced to establish the assessment methodology to measure directly the effective prestressed force on the bonded tendon of containment buildings using System Identification (SI) technique. To accomplish this purpose, simple SI method was proposed and adapted three dimensional finite element analysis of the 1:4 scale prestressed concrete containment vessel (PCCV) tested by Sandia National Laboratory in 2000
A Wireless Monitoring System for Cracks on the Surface of Reactor Containment Buildings.
Zhou, Jianguo; Xu, Yaming; Zhang, Tao
Structural health monitoring with wireless sensor networks has been increasingly popular in recent years because of the convenience. In this paper, a real-time monitoring system for cracks on the surface of reactor containment buildings is presented. Customized wireless sensor networks platforms are designed and implemented with sensors especially for crack monitoring, which include crackmeters and temperature detectors. Software protocols like route discovery, time synchronization and data transfer are developed to satisfy the requirements of the monitoring system and stay simple at the same time. Simulation tests have been made to evaluate the performance of the system before full scale deployment. The real-life deployment of the crack monitoring system is carried out on the surface of reactor containment building in Daya Bay Nuclear Power Station during the in-service pressure test with 30 wireless sensor nodes.
Dose and radon measurements inside houses containing ash as building material
Bodnar, R.; Lendvai, Z.; Somlai, J.; Nemeth, C.
Radon concentration and external dose have been measured in dwellings that contain by-products of coal burning for building materials. The concentrations of 40 K, 232 Th, 238 U and 226 Ra have been determined in the materials. The date are analyzed according to indices frequently used for decision of utilizing the by-products. The observed daily fluctuation of the radon concentration in dwellings might exceed a factor of 5. (author)
The analysis of the containment building for global effects of an aircraft crash
Varpasuo, P.; Kenttaelae, J.
The aim of the analysis was to establish the displacement and stress states for the whole building in four time points during the transient as well as determine the acceleration time histories, and acceleration response spectra for five points inside the containment building. The five points inside the containment were located between the foundation slab and the upper edge of the containment building. The total amount of nodal points in the model was 800 and the total amount of degrees of freedom was 4300; the amount of quadrilateral shell elements was 900. STARDYNE AND SAPOV programs and direct integration were used for analysis. As for the results of the analysis the following statements can be made: The results calculated by SAPIV and STARDYNE programs are essentially identical. Only the more refined LCCT-11 shell element used in STARDYNE instead of LCCT-9 element used in SAPIV causes the STARDYNE model to be more flexible and this shows in the response histories as a certain phase lag. STARDYNE response leaves gradually behind SAPIV response. The unexpected thing in acceleration responses was that the response in horizontal direction perpendicular to the load application direction was twice as large as the acceleration response in load application direction. (orig./HP)
PREST, Pressure Temperature Transients, I Inhalation in Containment Building from LOCA
Gaggero, G [CETIS, EURATOM C.C.R., 21020 - Ispra - Varese (Italy); Gerini, P M [CISE, Segrate, Milano (Italy); Leoni, G [AGIP Nucleare, San Donato Milanese - Milano (Italy); Van Erp, J B [EURATOM C.C.R., 21020 - Ispra - Varese (Italy)
1 - Nature of physical problem solved: The programme is intended for the determination of pressure and temperature transient inside the containment building, following a loss-of-coolant accident due to a rupture in the primary cooling system of a nuclear power plant having water as the primary coolant. The model includes the calculation of the radiation doses incurred to the thyroid due to inhalation of radioactive iodine released outside the containment building. 2 - Method of solution: The energy equation is solved at each time step by using the Newton method. In order to determine the heat exchange with structures inside the containment building as well as with the outside atmosphere, the structures are treated in slab geometry. The resulting Fourier equations for heat conduction are solved numerically by using an implicit form to avoid stability problems. 3 - Restrictions on the complexity of the problem: max. number of internal slabs - 6; max. number of external slabs - 4; max. number of meshes in each slab - 100.
LEAF: a computer program to calculate fission product release from a reactor containment building for arbitrary radioactive decay chains
Lee, C.E.; Apperson, C.E. Jr.; Foley, J.E.
The report describes an analytic containment building model that is used for calculating the leakage into the environment of each isotope of an arbitrary radioactive decay chain. The model accounts for the source, the buildup, the decay, the cleanup, and the leakage of isotopes that are gas-borne inside the containment building
Investigation of cable deterioration in the containment building of the Savannah River Nuclear Reactor
Gillen, K.T.; Clough, R.L.; Jones, L.H.
This report describes an investigation of the deterioration of polyethylene and polyvinylchloride cable materials which occurred in the containment building of the Savannah River nuclear reactor located at Aiken, South Carolina. Radiation dosimetry and temperature mapping data of the containment area indicated that the maximum dose experienced by the cable materials was only 2.5 Mrad at an average operating temperature of 43/sup 0/C. Considering this relatively moderate environment, the amount of material degradation seemed surprising. To understand these findings, an experimental program was performed on the commercial polyethylene and polyvinylchloride materials used at the plant to investigate their degradation behavior under combined ..gamma..-radiation and elevated temperature conditions. It is established that the material deterioration at the plant resulted from radiation-induced oxidation and that the degradation rate can be correlated with local levels of radiation intensity in the containment area.
This report describes an investigation of the deterioration of polyethylene and polyvinylchloride cable materials which occurred in the containment building of the Savannah River nuclear reactor located at Aiken, South Carolina. Radiation dosimetry and temperature mapping data of the containment area indicated that the maximum dose experienced by the cable materials was only 2.5 Mrad at an average operating temperature of 43 0 C. Considering this relatively moderate environment, the amount of material degradation seemed surprising. To understand these findings, an experimental program was performed on the commercial polyethylene and polyvinylchloride materials used at the plant to investigate their degradation behavior under combined γ-radiation and elevated temperature conditions. It is established that the material deterioration at the plant resulted from radiation-induced oxidation and that the degradation rate can be correlated with local levels of radiation intensity in the containment area
Nonstationary pressure build up in full-pressure containments after a loss-of-coolant accident
Mansfeld, G.
The time histories of pressure, temperature and pressure difference during the pressure build up phase of a loss-of-coolant accident (LOCA) in the primary system in full-pressure containments of water cooled nuclear power reactors are treated. These are important for the design of such containments. The experiments within the German research program RS 50 ''Druckverteilung im Containment'' offered, for the first time, the opportunity to observe experimentally fluid-dynamic processes in a multiple divided full-pressure containment, and to test at the same time, computer codes which serve to describe the physical processes during the LOCA. The comparison of the results calculated by the computer codes ZOCO VI and DDIFF with the experimental results showed apparent deviations by special arrangements of the compartments and the vent flow paths of a model containment for the calculation of time dependent pressure-, temperature- and pressure difference-histories. The deviations lead to the development of the analytical model and computer code COFLOW. This new model was primarily designed to deal with the fluid-dynamic processes in the beginning phase of the blowdown as maximal pressure differences appear. Furthermore, it can be used to determine the maximum containment pressure, as well as for long term calculations. The analytical model and computer code COFLOW shows a better correlation between theory and experiment than previous codes
Control of hydrogen concentration in reactor containment buildings by using passive catalytic recombiners
Wolff, U.
Severe accidents in nuclear power plants have the potential to generate hydrogen within the reactor containment building in concentrations likely to deflagrate or even detonate. This could endanger the containment integrity. Autocatalytic devices have been developed by the NIS company in Hanau, Germany, to control the hydrogen concentration within the containment. These devices have been tested by the Battelle Institute in Frankfurt, Germany, under conditions relevant to severe accidents. The catalytic device functions as required in a wide band of gas mixtures ranging from inerted conditions with low-hydrogen and/or low-oxygen concentrations up to detonable mixtures. The device starts up quickly, and has a high resistance against catalyst poisons including the effects of oil or cable fires. The device makes a strong contribution to gas mixing in the containment atmosphere. The paper summarizes the development work done and describes the final design of the device. Theoretical tools for analysis and prediction of catalyst performance in containment environments have been developed by the Battelle Institute and the Technical University of Munich. These tools have been verified and validated against experimental data. A phenomenological discussion of accident scenarios is used to explain the functional requirements for the autocatalytic devices in the control of hydrogen. Both the potential for and limitations of such devices for hydrogen control are discussed for large dry containments (PWRs) and for those which are originally inerted (BWRs)
Japanese contributions to containment structure, assembly and maintenance and reactor building for ITER
Shibanuma, Kiyoshi; Honda, Tsutomu; Kanamori, Naokazu
Joint design work on Conceptual Design Activity of International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) with four parties, Japan, the United States, the Soviet Union and the European Community began in April 1988 and was successfully completed in December 1990. In Japan, the home team was established in wide range of collaboration between JAERI and national institute, universities and heavy industries. The Fusion Experimental Reactor (FER) Team at JAERI is assigned as a core of the Japanese home team to support the joint Team activity and mainly conducted the design and R and D in the area of containment structure, remote handling and plant system. This report mainly describes the Japanese contribution on the ITER containment structure, remote handling and reactor building design. Main areas of contributions are vacuum vessel, attaching locks, electromagnetic analysis, cryostat, port and service line layout for containment structure, in-vessel handling equipment design and analysis, blanket handling equipment design and related short term R and D for assembly and maintenance, and finally reactor building design and analysis based on the equipment and service line layout and components flow during assembly and maintenance. (author)
Contribution to the simulation of the behavior of containment buildings in nuclear power plants
Jason, Ludovic
In this document, containment buildings of nuclear power plants in reinforced and prestressed concrete are studied. The mechanical behavior is first investigated. It includes studies at different scales, from the industrial scale at which it is difficult to obtain detailed information about the crack openings, to the structural scale at which it becomes possible to develop more refined approaches (steel-concrete bond, modeling of the different heterogeneities, constitutive models for concrete,...). When it is possible, the developments are based on the combination between modeling, simulation and experiments. A new steel-concrete bond model is especially developed. Its interest, compared to the classical 'perfect bond' hypothesis is particularly discussed. An adaptive condensation technique is finally proposed to bridge the gap between the scale of the containment and the scale of Structural Representative Volumes. As the tightness of the containment buildings is related to the fluid flow through concrete, two approaches are proposed and compared. The first one is based on a chained hydro mechanical simulation and tends to show that the mechanical damage is only influent when it crosses the whole concrete section. In this case, a localized approach is preferred from which a reference crack opening is defined. (author) [fr
Analysis of impact of large commercial aircraft on a prestressed containment building
Lee, Kyoungsoo, E-mail: kylee@pvamu.edu [Center for Energy and Environmental Sustainability, Prairie View A and M University, Prairie view, TX, 77446 (United States); Han, Sang Eul, E-mail: hsang@inha.ac.kr [Department of Architectural Engineering, School of Architecture, Inha University, 253 Yonghyundong Nam-gu, Incheon, 402-751 (Korea, Republic of); Hong, Jung-Wuk, E-mail: j.hong@kaist.ac.kr [Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, KAIST, 373-1 Guseon-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-701 (Korea, Republic of)
Highlights: • Aircraft impact analyses are performed using the missile–target interaction method. • A large commercial B747 aircraft is considered with erosion effect. • The rigid wall impact test shows the validity of the developed aircraft model. • The parametric studies on the fictitious containment building are performed. • The plastic failure of the target is governed by the impulse of aircraft at the first momentum peak. - Abstract: In this paper, the results of nonlinear dynamic analyses of a concrete containment building under extreme loads are presented. The impact of a large commercial B747 airliner is investigated as the extreme load, and a rigid wall impact test is performed using commercial nonlinear finite element codes. The impact forces exerted by the aircraft are verified compared with the time-dependent impact force provided by OECD/NEA (2002), which was calculated based on the so-called Riera method. The rigid wall impact analysis shows that the finite element model of a B747 is appropriate for the purpose of the aircraft crash analysis exposed to the external hazard of “Beyond Design-Basis Events� defined by U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Finally, the applicability of this methodology is further studied and verified by conducting parametric studies on the critical infrastructures of nuclear power plant containment structures.
Lee, Kyoungsoo; Han, Sang Eul; Hong, Jung-Wuk
Highlights: • Aircraft impact analyses are performed using the missile–target interaction method. • A large commercial B747 aircraft is considered with erosion effect. • The rigid wall impact test shows the validity of the developed aircraft model. • The parametric studies on the fictitious containment building are performed. • The plastic failure of the target is governed by the impulse of aircraft at the first momentum peak. - Abstract: In this paper, the results of nonlinear dynamic analyses of a concrete containment building under extreme loads are presented. The impact of a large commercial B747 airliner is investigated as the extreme load, and a rigid wall impact test is performed using commercial nonlinear finite element codes. The impact forces exerted by the aircraft are verified compared with the time-dependent impact force provided by OECD/NEA (2002), which was calculated based on the so-called Riera method. The rigid wall impact analysis shows that the finite element model of a B747 is appropriate for the purpose of the aircraft crash analysis exposed to the external hazard of “Beyond Design-Basis Events� defined by U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Finally, the applicability of this methodology is further studied and verified by conducting parametric studies on the critical infrastructures of nuclear power plant containment structures
Development of degradation D/B system for the containment building of NPP
Cho, M. S.; Song, Y. C.; Yim, J. H.; Kim, D. K.; Lee, J. S.
The Degradation D/B System is developed for digitalizing the history of the Containment building of nuclear power plant. It have 6 D/B which are consist of General, Design drawing, Material, Construction, ISI·SIT·ILRT D/B. For efficient operation of the system, utilities are also developed such as the aging and repair data management program for concrete and steel structures, the data search engine with various options helping users find what they want, and the data exchange program restoring and updating input data
Shell finite element of reinforced concrete for internal pressure analysis of nuclear containment building
Lee, Hong Pyo, E-mail: hplee@kepri.re.k [Nuclear Power Laboratory, Korea Electric Power Research Institute, 103-16 Munji-Dong, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon 305-380 (Korea, Republic of)
Research highlights: Finite element program with 9-node degenerated shell element was developed. The developed program was mainly forced to analyze nuclear containment building. Concrete material model is adapted Niwa and Yamada failure criteria. The performance of program developed is verified through various numerical examples. The numerical analysis results similar to the experimental data. - Abstract: This paper describes a 9-node degenerated shell finite element (FE), an analysis program developed for ultimate pressure capacity evaluation and nonlinear analysis of a nuclear containment building. The shell FE developed adopts the Reissner-Mindlin (RM) assumptions to consider the degenerated shell solidification technique and the degree of transverse shear strain occurring in the structure. The material model of the concrete determines the level of the concrete stress and strain by using the equivalent stress-equivalent strain relationship. When a crack occurs in the concrete, the material behavior is expressed through the tension stiffening model that takes adhesive stress into account and through the shear transfer mechanism and compressive strength reduction model of the crack plane. In addition, the failure envelope proposed by Niwa is adopted as the crack occurrence criteria for the compression-tension region, and the failure envelope proposed by Yamada is used for the tension-tension region. The performance of the program developed is verified through various numerical examples. The analysis based on the application of the shell FE developed from the results of verified examples produced results similar to the experiment or other analysis results.
Lee, Hong Pyo
Research highlights: → Finite element program with 9-node degenerated shell element was developed. → The developed program was mainly forced to analyze nuclear containment building. → Concrete material model is adapted Niwa and Yamada failure criteria. → The performance of program developed is verified through various numerical examples. → The numerical analysis results similar to the experimental data. - Abstract: This paper describes a 9-node degenerated shell finite element (FE), an analysis program developed for ultimate pressure capacity evaluation and nonlinear analysis of a nuclear containment building. The shell FE developed adopts the Reissner-Mindlin (RM) assumptions to consider the degenerated shell solidification technique and the degree of transverse shear strain occurring in the structure. The material model of the concrete determines the level of the concrete stress and strain by using the equivalent stress-equivalent strain relationship. When a crack occurs in the concrete, the material behavior is expressed through the tension stiffening model that takes adhesive stress into account and through the shear transfer mechanism and compressive strength reduction model of the crack plane. In addition, the failure envelope proposed by Niwa is adopted as the crack occurrence criteria for the compression-tension region, and the failure envelope proposed by Yamada is used for the tension-tension region. The performance of the program developed is verified through various numerical examples. The analysis based on the application of the shell FE developed from the results of verified examples produced results similar to the experiment or other analysis results.
Integrated leak rate testing of the fast flux test facility reactor containment building
James, E.B.; Farabee, O.A.; Bliss, R.J.
The initial Integrated Leak Rate Test (ILRT) of the Fast Flux Test Facility containment building was performed from May 27 to June 2, 1978. The test was conducted in air with systems vented and with the containment recirculating coolers in operation. 10 psig and 5 psig tests were run using the absolute pressure test method. The measured leakage rates were .033% Vol/24 hr. and -.0015% Vol/24 hrs. respectively. Subsequent verification tests at both 10 psig and 5 psig proved that the test equipment was operating properly and it was sensitive enough to detect leaks at low pressures. This ILRT was performed at a lower pressure than any previous ILRT on a reactor containment structure in the United States. While the initial design requirements for ice condenser containments called for a part pressure test at 6 psig, the tests were waived due to the apparent statistical problems of data analysis and the repeatability of the data itself at such low pressure. In contrast to this belief, both the 5 and 10 psig ILRT's were performed in a successful manner at FFTF
Mesothelioma among employees with likely contact with in-place asbestos-containing building materials.
Anderson, H A; Hanrahan, L P; Schirmer, J; Higgins, D; Sarow, P
The occurrence of mesothelioma is a sentinel event in occupational and environmental disease. A mesothelioma surveillance system was established utilizing existing computerized Wisconsin vital statistics data maintained since 1959 and a Cancer Reporting System (CRS) established in 1978. Review of the death certificate listing of usual occupation and industry from 487 mesothelioma deaths in Wisconsin from 1959 to 1989 led to the investigation of 41 persons with likely exposure to inplace asbestos-containing building materials (ACBM): 12 school teachers, 10 school maintenance employees, 7 public building maintenance workers, 5 private building maintenance workers, and 7 commercial and factory workers performing maintenance activities. For 10 (34%) of the 29 maintenance workers the only source of asbestos exposure identified was their maintenance work. For five (17%) histories indicated some prior employment in occupations and industries with probable asbestos exposures. Opportunities for indirect occupational exposure were identified for ten who had been employed in the residential construction industry. One maintenance worker was exposed to asbestos in the household and another had neighborhood exposure. For 9 (75%) of the school teachers, the only identifiable potential source of asbestos exposure was derived from in-place ACBM in schools. One teacher had spent a season in the merchant marine aboard an iron ore-hauling ship and 2 had worked in the residential construction industry. Two of the teachers were sisters, and in two instances, two teachers had taught in the same school facility. We conclude that individuals occupationally exposed to in-place ACBM are at risk for the subsequent development of mesothelioma.
Annual energy analysis of concrete containing phase change materials for building envelopes
Thiele, Alexander M.; Jamet, Astrid; Sant, Gaurav; Pilon, Laurent
Highlights: • Adding PCM to concrete walls can significantly reduce the cooling needs of buildings. • Climate, season, and wall orientation strongly affect energy and cost savings. • The PCM melting temperature should be near the desired indoor temperature. • Benefits are maximum for outdoor temperature oscillating around set indoor temperature. • Adding PCM had little effect on heating energy needs and associated cost savings. - Abstract: This paper examines the annual energy and cost savings potential of adding microencapsulated phase change material to the exterior concrete walls of an average-sized single family home in California climate zones 3 (San Francisco, CA) and 9 (Los Angeles, CA). The annual energy and cost savings were larger for South- and West-facing walls than for other walls. They were also the largest when the phase change temperature was near the desired indoor temperature. The addition of microencapsulated phase change material to the building walls reduced the cooling load in summer substantially more than the heating load in winter. This was attributed to the cold winter temperatures resulting in nearly unidirectional heat flux on many days. The annual cooling load reduction in an average-sized single family home in San Francisco and in Los Angeles ranged from 85% to 100% and from 53% to 82%, respectively, for phase change material volume fraction ranging from 0.1 to 0.3. The corresponding annual electricity cost savings ranged from $36 to $42 in San Francisco and from $94 to $143 in Los Angeles. From an energy standpoint, the best climate for using building materials containing uniformly distributed microencapsulated phase change material would have outdoor temperature oscillations centered around the desired indoor temperature for the entire year
Floor Response Spectra of Nuclear Containment Building with Soil-Structure Interaction
Seo, Choon Gyo; Ryu, Jeong Soo [Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Daejeon (Korea, Republic of)
This paper presents a seismic analysis technique for a 3D soil-structure interaction(SSI) system in frequency domain, based on the finite element formulation incorporating frequency-dependent dynamic infinite elements for the far field soil region. Earthquake input motions are regarded as traveling SV-wave which is vertically incident from a far-field soil region. In which, the equivalent earthquake forces in the frequency domain are calculated using the exterior rigid boundary method and the free field response analysis. For the application, floor response spectra analyses for nuclear containment building on a soil medium is carried out, the obtained results are compared with the free field response by other solution.
Dose Evaluation of Neutron within Containment Building of a CE type Nuclear Power Plant
Kim, Tae Wook; Han, Jae Mun; Kim, Kyung Doek; Yun, Cheol Whan; Suh, Jang Soo; Kim, Young Jae [Nuclear Environment Technology Institute, Daejeon (Korea, Republic of)
From measured results of the neutron fields at some principal places within the containment building in a CE type nuclear power plant in operation, the radiation exposure of a worker to the neutron at there was evaluated and the equivalent dose reflecting new recommendation (ICRP 60) was compared with that doing the old one (ICRP 26). The measured neutron field was also compared with calibration neutron field. From the analysis, the following conclusion was obtained: the average neutron radiation weighting factor according to new recommendation is 2.41 to 2.71 times higher than the old one. The average neutron radiation weighting factor at the measured place was similar to that at calibration neutron field. The average neutron energy at measured place was between 42 and 158 keV and higher than that of calibration field of 500 keV. So, the measured equivalent dose in nuclear power plant could be overestimated compared to the real equivalent dose.
Elements for computing and forecasting the leakage rate of the inner containment of nuclear reactor buildings
Asali, M.; Capra, B.; Mazars, J.; Colliat, J.B.
This study aims at introducing a methodology based on a macro-element discretization to compute and forecast the air leak rate of double-wall reactor buildings during air pressure tests. Assumptions at the basis of a weakly coupled strategy are checked in the case of a typical porous concrete section of an inner containment modeled during a 33 year period including four decennial regulatory pressure tests. However, air leakage due to porosity is only part of in situ measurements. Leakage due to cracking is another part and should be taken into account. A first macro-element is then presented, that superimposes Darcy flow within a porous matrix together with Poiseuille flow within a crack. Those elements are then used in a 3D hydraulic model to compute more accurately the total air leakage rate of considered structures. (authors)
Experimental study of a laboratory concrete material representative of containment buildings: desorption isotherms and permeability determination
Semete, P.; Fevrier, B.; Delorme, J.; Sanahuja, J.; Desgree, P.; Le Pape, Y.
The isotherm sorption curve is a first order parameter for the calculations of concrete drying and/or creep using Finite Element Analysis. An experimental campaign was undertaken by EDF MMC in order to characterize the first desorption isotherm at room temperature of a laboratory material representative of concrete containment buildings. Long term drying tests were carried out on cement paste and on three samples geometries on concrete (with radial and axial one-dimensional drying on thin disks and multi-dimensional drying on Representative Elementary Volumes). The measurements results (porosity, densities and mass loss curves) are provided and the isotherms obtained for the four different configurations are compared. Several analyses of the results are proposed including the assessment of a criterion for the determination of the moisture content final balance (estimation of the asymptotic mass loss) and the back-analysis of equivalent permeability. (authors)
Fiber reinforced concrete as a material for nuclear reactor containment buildings
Mallikarjuna; Banthia, N.; Mindess, S.
The fiber reinforced concrete as a constructional material for nuclear reactor containment buildings calls for an examination of its individual characteristics and potentialities due to its inherent superiority over normal plain and reinforced concrete. In the present investigation, first, to study the static behavior of straight, hooked-end and crimped fibers, recently developed nonlinear three-dimensional interface (contact) element has been used in conjunction with the eight nodded hexahedron and two nodded bar elements for concrete and steel fiber respectively. Then impact tests were carried out on fiber reinforced concrete beams with an instrumented drop weight impact machine. Two different concrete mixes were tested: normal strength and high strength concrete specimens. Fibers in the concrete mix found to significantly increase the ductility and the impact resistance of the composite. Deformed fibers increase peak pull-out load and pull-out distance, and perform better in the steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC) structures. (author)
GASFLOW: A computational model to analyze accidents in nuclear containment and facility buildings
Travis, J.R.; Nichols, B.D.; Wilson, T.L.; Lam, K.L.; Spore, J.W.; Niederauer, G.F.
GASFLOW is a finite-volume computer code that solves the time-dependent, compressible Navier-Stokes equations for multiple gas species. The fluid-dynamics algorithm is coupled to the chemical kinetics of combusting liquids or gases to simulate diffusion or propagating flames in complex geometries of nuclear containment or confinement and facilities' buildings. Fluid turbulence is calculated to enhance the transport and mixing of gases in rooms and volumes that may be connected by a ventilation system. The ventilation system may consist of extensive ductwork, filters, dampers or valves, and fans. Condensation and heat transfer to walls, floors, ceilings, and internal structures are calculated to model the appropriate energy sinks. Solid and liquid aerosol behavior is simulated to give the time and space inventory of radionuclides. The solution procedure of the governing equations is a modified Los Alamos ICE'd-ALE methodology. Complex facilities can be represented by separate computational domains (multiblocks) that communicate through overlapping boundary conditions. The ventilation system is superimposed throughout the multiblock mesh. Gas mixtures and aerosols are transported through the free three-dimensional volumes and the restricted one-dimensional ventilation components as the accident and fluid flow fields evolve. Combustion may occur if sufficient fuel and reactant or oxidizer are present and have an ignition source. Pressure and thermal loads on the building, structural components, and safety-related equipment can be determined for specific accident scenarios. GASFLOW calculations have been compared with large oil-pool fire tests in the 1986 HDR containment test T52.14, which is a 3000-kW fire experiment. The computed results are in good agreement with the observed data
Influence of Steel Fibers on the Structural Performance of a Prestressed Concrete Containment Building
Choun, Youngsun; Hahm, Daegi; Park, Junhee
A large number of previous experimental investigations indicate that the use of steel fibers in conventional reinforced concrete (RC) can enhance the structural and functional performance of prestressed concrete containment buildings (PCCBs) in nuclear power plants. A prevention of through-wall cracks and an increase of the post-cracking ductility will improve the ultimate internal pressure capacity, and a high shear resistance under cyclic loadings will increase the seismic resisting capacity. In this study, the effects of steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC) on the ultimate pressure and seismic capacities of a PCCB are investigated. The effects of steel fibers on the ultimate pressure and shear resisting capacities of a PCCB are investigated. It is revealed that both of the ultimate pressure capacity and the shear resisting capacity of a PCCB can be greatly enhanced by introducing steel fibers in a conventional RC. Estimation results indicate that the ultimate pressure capacity and maximum lateral displacement of a PCCB can be improved by 16% and 64%, respectively, if a conventional RC contains hooked steel fibers in a volume fraction of 1.0%
GASFLOW: the theoretical model to analyze accidents in nuclear containments, confinements, and facility buildings
Travis, J.R.; Wilson, T.L.
This report documents the governing physical equations for GASFLOW, a finite-volume computer code for solving transient, three-dimensional, compressible, Navier-Stokes equations for multiple gas species. The code is designed to be a best-estimate tool for predicting the transport, mixing, and combustion of hydrogen and other gases in nuclear reactor containments, confinements, and other facility buildings. An analysis with GASFLOW will result in time-dependent gas species concentrations throughout the structure analyzed, and in the event of combustion the pressure and temperature loadings on the walls and internal structures. GASFLOW can model geometrically complex containment systems with multiple compartments and internal structures. It can calculate gas behavior of low-speed buoyancy-driven flows, of diffusion-dominated flows, and during deflagrations. The code can model condensation heat transfer to walls and internal structures by natural and forced convection; chemical kinetics of combustion of hydrogen or hydrocarbon fuels; and fluid turbulence. Heat conduction within walls and structures is considered one-dimensional. 17 refs., 1 fig., 1 tab
Thermal stress analysis of reactor containment building considering severe weather condition
Lee, Yun; Kim, Yun-Yong; Hyun, Jung-Hwan; Kim, Do-Gyeum
Highlights: • We examine that through-wall crack risk in cold weather is high. • It is predicted that cracking in concrete wall will not happen in hot region. • Cracking due to hydration heat can be controlled by appropriate curing condition. • Temperature differences between inner and outer face is relatively small in hot weather. - Abstract: Prediction of concrete cracking due to hydration heat in mass concrete such as reactor containment building (RCB) in nuclear power plant is a crucial issue in construction site. In this study, the numerical analysis for heat transfer and stress development is performed for the containment wall in RCB by considering the severe weather conditions. Finally, concrete cracking risk in hot and cold weather is discussed based on analysis results. In analyses considering severe weather conditions, it is found that the through-wall cracking risk in cold weather is high due to the abrupt temperature difference between inside concrete and the ambient air in cold region. In hot weather, temperature differences between inner and outer face is relatively small, and accordingly the relevant cracking risk is relatively low in contrast with cold weather
Choun, Youngsun; Hahm, Daegi; Park, Junhee [Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Daejeon (Korea, Republic of)
A large number of previous experimental investigations indicate that the use of steel fibers in conventional reinforced concrete (RC) can enhance the structural and functional performance of prestressed concrete containment buildings (PCCBs) in nuclear power plants. A prevention of through-wall cracks and an increase of the post-cracking ductility will improve the ultimate internal pressure capacity, and a high shear resistance under cyclic loadings will increase the seismic resisting capacity. In this study, the effects of steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC) on the ultimate pressure and seismic capacities of a PCCB are investigated. The effects of steel fibers on the ultimate pressure and shear resisting capacities of a PCCB are investigated. It is revealed that both of the ultimate pressure capacity and the shear resisting capacity of a PCCB can be greatly enhanced by introducing steel fibers in a conventional RC. Estimation results indicate that the ultimate pressure capacity and maximum lateral displacement of a PCCB can be improved by 16% and 64%, respectively, if a conventional RC contains hooked steel fibers in a volume fraction of 1.0%.
First-passage Probability Estimation of an Earthquake Response of Seismically Isolated Containment Buildings
Hahm, Dae-Gi; Park, Kwan-Soon; Koh, Hyun-Moo
The awareness of a seismic hazard and risk is being increased rapidly according to the frequent occurrences of the huge earthquakes such as the 2008 Sichuan earthquake which caused about 70,000 confirmed casualties and a 20 billion U.S. dollars economic loss. Since an earthquake load contains various uncertainties naturally, the safety of a structural system under an earthquake excitation has been assessed by probabilistic approaches. In many structural applications for a probabilistic safety assessment, it is often regarded that the failure of a system will occur when the response of the structure firstly crosses the limit barrier within a specified interval of time. The determination of such a failure probability is usually called the 'first-passage problem' and has been extensively studied during the last few decades. However, especially for the structures which show a significant nonlinear dynamic behavior, an effective and accurate method for the estimation of such a failure probability is not fully established yet. In this study, we presented a new approach to evaluate the first-passage probability of an earthquake response of seismically isolated structures. The proposed method is applied to the seismic isolation system for the containment buildings of a nuclear power plant. From the numerical example, we verified that the proposed method shows accurate results with more efficient computational efforts compared to the conventional approaches
Building roof with conical holes containing PCM to reduce the cooling load: Numerical study
Alawadhi, Esam M.; Alqallaf, Hashem J.
Highlights: → We investigated a roof structure with cone frustum holes containing PCM. → Different types of PCM and geometries of the PCM are presented. → The results indicate that the heat flux at the indoor space is reduced by 39%. - Abstract: The thermal effectiveness of a building's roof with phase change material (PCM) is presented in this paper. The considered model consists of a concrete slab with vertical cone frustum holes filled with PCM. The objective of incorporating the PCM into the roof structure is to utilize its high latent heat of fusion to reduce the heat gain during the energy demanded peak hours, by absorbing the incoming energy through the melting process in the roof before it reaches the indoor space. The thermal effectiveness of the proposed roof-PCM system is determined by comparing the heat flux at the indoor surface to a roof without the PCM during typical working hours. A parametric study is conducted to assess the effects of the cone frustum geometry, and the kind of PCM used. The n-Eicosane shows the best performance among the examined PCMs, and the conical geometry of the PCM container is the best in term of thermal effectiveness. The results indicate that the heat flux at the indoor surface of the roof can be reduced up to 39% for a certain type of PCM and geometry of PCM cone frustum holes.
XPS investigations of ruthenium deposited onto representative inner surfaces of nuclear reactor containment buildings
Mun, C. [Institut de Radioprotection et de Surete Nucleaire (IRSN), Direction de la Prevention des Accidents Majeurs (DPAM), Centre de Cadarache, BP3-13115 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance (France)]. E-mail: christian.mun@irsn.fr; Ehrhardt, J.J. [Laboratoire de Chimie Physique et Microbiologie pour l' Environnement (LCPME) UMR 7564, CNRS-Nancy University-405, rue de Vandoeuvre 54600 Villers-les-Nancy (France)]. E-mail: ehrhardt@lcpe.cnrs-nancy.fr; Lambert, J. [Laboratoire de Chimie Physique et Microbiologie pour l' Environnement (LCPME) UMR 7564, CNRS-Nancy University-405, rue de Vandoeuvre 54600 Villers-les-Nancy (France); Madic, C. [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique (CEA), Direction de l' Energie Nucleaire, Centre de Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex (France)]. E-mail: charles.madic@cea.fr
In the case of a hypothetical severe accident in a nuclear power plant, interactions of gaseous RuO{sub 4} with reactor containment building surfaces (stainless steel and epoxy paint) could possibly lead to a black Ru-containing deposit on these surfaces. Some scenarios include the possibility of formation of highly radiotoxic RuO{sub 4}(g) by the interactions of these deposits with the oxidizing medium induced by air radiolysis, in the reactor containment building, and consequently dispersion of this species. Therefore, the accurate determination of the chemical nature of ruthenium in the deposits is of the high importance for safety studies. An experiment was designed to model the interactions of RuO{sub 4}(g) with samples of stainless steel and of steel covered with epoxy paint. Then, these deposits have been carefully characterised by scanning electron microscopy (SEM/EDS), electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The analysis by XPS of Ru deposits formed by interaction of RuO{sub 4}(g), revealed that the ruthenium is likely to be in the IV oxidation state, as the shapes of the Ru 3d core levels are very similar with those observed on the RuO{sub 2}.xH{sub 2}O reference powder sample. The analysis of O 1s peaks indicates a large component attributed to the hydroxyl functional groups. From these results, it was concluded that Ru was present on the surface of the deposits as an oxyhydroxide of Ru(IV). It has also to be pointed out that the presence of 'pure' RuO{sub 2}, or of a thin layer of RuO{sub 3} or Ru{sub 2}O{sub 5}, coming from the decomposition of RuO{sub 4} on the surface of samples of stainless steel and epoxy paint, could be ruled out. These findings will be used for further investigations of the possible revolatilisation phenomena induced by ozone.
Dynamic containment of gaseous effluents in the auxiliary buildings and reinjection of liquid effluents from these buildings back into the reactor building for 900 MWe PWRs under accident condition
Demoulin, F.; Collinet, J.; Nguyen, C.
Examination of the lessons to be learned from the accident of the Three Mile Island nuclear power plant on 20 March 1979 led the French Safety Authorities and EDF (Electricite de France) to adopt a series of measures intended to improve the performance of the containment of French PWRs, especially in the event of accident. Among the measures adopted, two of them contribute to the upgrading of the containment of nuclear island buildings, by reducing radioactivity constraints inside these buildings and by limiting radioactive releases into the environment. These are: (1) dynamic containment of auxiliary buildings likely to be contaminated following an accident, (2) reinjection back into the reactor building of liquid effluents arising in the auxiliary buildings. In this paper we shall discuss, for each measure, the approach to the problem and describe the arrangements made to arrive at a satisfactory solution [fr
Seavy, Ryan
Building for concrete is temporary. The building of wood and steel stands against the concrete to give form and then gives way, leaving a trace of its existence behind. Concrete is not a building material. One does not build with concrete. One builds for concrete. MARCH
Assessment of fission product release from the reactor containment building during severe core damage accidents in a PWR
Fermandjian, J.; Evrard, J.M.; Generino, G.
Fission product releases from the RCB associated with hypothetical core-melt accidents ABβ, S 2 CDβ and TLBβ in a PWR-900 MWe have been performed using French computer codes (in particular, the JERICHO Code for containment response analysis and AEROSOLS/B1 for aerosol behavior in the containment) related to thermalhydraulics and fission product behavior in the primary system and in the reactor containment building
A New European COST Network 'NORM4Building' (TU1301) for the Reuse of NORM Containing Residues in Building Materials
Schroeyers, W.; Schreurs, S.
The new COST action was initiated on the 1st of January 2014 and runs for four years. COST is supported by the EU RTD Framework Program. In the presentation more information on how to participate in the network will be provided. In the presentation the new approach and new initiatives of the NORM4BUILDING network, that has its first meeting here in the DEAD SEA Hotel on the 12-13/02/2014, will be introduced. The NORM4Building materials network will be an open network of researchers. An Advisory Board consisting mainly from NORM processing and construction industries and relevant associations and regulators are invited to work in collaboration with the scientists that will populate the various working groups and the management committee of the new COST action
Neutron dosimetry inside the containment building of Spanish nuclear power plants with PADC based dosemeters
Garcia-Fuste, M.J. [Grup de Fisica de les Radiacions. Departament de Fisica. Edifici C. Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra (Spain); Domingo, C., E-mail: carles.domingo@uab.ca [Grup de Fisica de les Radiacions. Departament de Fisica. Edifici C. Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra (Spain); Amgarou, K.; Bouassoule, T.; Castelo, J. [Grup de Fisica de les Radiacions. Departament de Fisica. Edifici C. Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra (Spain)
The Spanish Nuclear Safety Council (Consejo de Seguridad Nuclear, CSN) recommends performing neutron individual dose assignments at workplaces based on ambient dose equivalent measurements using area monitors and by estimating the amount of time that workers spend in the different monitored environments. In addition, some Spanish nuclear power plants estimate the neutron dose equivalent using albedo thermoluminescence dosemeters (TLD). In the period 2004-2006, our group, together with other research centers, participated in a project, funded by the CSN, with the support of the Spanish Nuclear Power Plants Association (UNESA), to investigate in situ which could be the best practical procedure for individual neutron dose monitoring in nuclear power plants. As part of this survey, several units of the UAB PADC based neutron dosemeter were exposed, on a methacrylate phantom simulating a human body, at four different places inside the containment building of the Asco I nuclear power plant. The influence of different types of calibration neutron fields is analysed and the dose equivalent for each point is estimated.
Study of the sodium oxide aerosol behavior in a containment building
Fermandjian, Jean.
Fast breeder reactor safety analysis needs validated models to predict the behavior of sodium oxide aerosols (released during hypothetical accidents) in the different reactor compartments and, in particular, to evaluate the quantity (and the size distribution) of the particles which can be released outside the containment building by taking into account the associated devices (ventilation, especially). In order to validate the computer models, experimental tests were performed by CEA/DSN (Atomic Energy Commission/Nuclear Safety Department) at Cadarache: sodium pool fire tests in a 400 m 3 concrete vessel (CASSANDRE tests) and in a 4.4 m 3 steel vessel (EMIS tests). Furthermore, we utilized the results of the experimental tests performed by our German colleagues of KFK/LAF (Kernforschungszentrum Karlsruhe/Laboratorium fuer Aerosolphysik und Filtertechnik): sodium pool fire tests in a 220 m 3 steel vessel (FAUNA tests). The application of the computer models to the experimental tests and to the reactor case allowed us: - to explain the differences observed between the results given by the codes ''with log-normal hypothesis'' (HAARM 3) and ''with finite difference'' (PARDISEKO 3B), - to define the limits of application of the codes ''with log-normal hypothesis'', - to determine the important parameters (characteristics of the aerosol source, form factors of the agglomerates and collision efficiency) and the important phenomena (turbulent coagulation, in particular) [fr
Space-sharing Strategy for Building Dynamic Container Yard Storage Considering Uncertainty on Number of Incoming Containers
Siti Nurminarsih
Full Text Available The implementation of AEC (Asian Economic Community leads to demand increase at ports in Indonesia. This increasing demand is followed by operational efficiency at the port as well. In fact, ports in Indonesia have an average dwell time for 5 days. One of the causes of this long dwell time is container transfer inefficiencies during loading process. In this research, we will focus in yard management and increasing land utilization. To increase the land utilization, we develop the space-sharing concept to reduce the initial space needed for a given workload. Since the ships arrivals are also varying, this concept will be possible. We develop the concept by adding uncertainty on number of incoming containers at operational level as the determining factor in planning a shared yard area. We propose a simulation approach to evaluate strategies in making yard template.
Best-estimate LOCA simulation in a PWR-W containment building with a detailed 3D GOTHIC model
Jimenez, G.; Fernandez-Cosials, K.; Bocanegra, R.; Lopez-Alonso, E.
The design-basis accidents in a PWR-W containment building are usually simulated with a lumped parameter model, normally used for license analysis. Nevertheless, some phenomenology is difficult to be simulated with a lumped model: the condensation rate in each structure, stagnant water areas, temperature in different compartments, sumps and recirculation pumps disabled because of lack of water, etc. Therefore, for the detailed study of the thermal-hydraulic (TH) behaviour in every room of the containment building could be more appropriate to do it with a detailed 3D representation of the containment building geometry. The main objective of this project has been to build a 3D PWR-W containment model with the GOTHIC code to analyze the detailed behavior during a design basis accident. In the process of the 3D GOTHIC model development some previous steps were necessary: a detailed CAD model of the containment, followed by a simplified model adapted to the GOTHIC geometric capabilities. Once the geometry has been adapted to the GOTHIC requirements, the 3D model is created with this information. A design-basis accident has been simulated with the 3D model (LBLOCA), and the local TH behaviour is analysed. The results show that in comparison with a lumped parameter model, high temperatures are reached locally. Nevertheless the average pressure behaviour is found to be similar to that given by a lumped parameter model. The present paper demonstrates that is possible to build a 3D PWR-W model with the GOTHIC code with enough resolution to analyse the TH behaviour in each one of the containment rooms but at the same time with reasonable computing time. Once the GOTHIC model has been created a new road is opened enabling the simulation of other accidents such as MSLB, a SBLOCA or even a long-term SBO sequence. This document is made up of an abstract and the slides of the presentation. (authors)
Improvement of impact-resistance of a nuclear containment building using fiber reinforced concrete
Jeon, Se-Jin; Jin, Byeong-Moo
Highlights: • Impact-resistance of a structure can be improved by fiber reinforced concrete (FRC). • Material modeling of FRC is incorporated into finite element analysis of a structure. • A new index for impact-resistance is proposed based on plastic dissipation energy. • A nuclear power plant made of FRC shows improved resistance against aircraft crashes. - Abstract: Since the act of terrorism that occurred in the USA on September 11, 2001, the protection of nuclear power plants against large commercial aircraft crashes has been an emerging issue. Besides the verification of the safety of nuclear power plants in operation or in design, efficient methods for improving the impact-resistance of these structures have been investigated. Fiber reinforced concrete (FRC) has been generally accepted as an effective material for this purpose. In particular, FRC has been developed to improve the tensile behavior of concrete such as tensile strength, ductility and toughness. One of the main fields of application of FRC can be found in blast-protective or blast-resistant concrete structures. It is expected, therefore, that safety-related structures in a nuclear power plant can also be effectively protected from external blast, aircraft crash, etc. by applying FRC. In order to analytically verify the effect on structural behavior of applying FRC, the particular material properties of FRC should be incorporated into the material modeling of a structural analysis program. This study investigates the mathematical modeling of FRC, which represents various aspects of material behavior. Two numerical examples are provided to show the improved impact-resistance of a nuclear containment building that is expected when applying FRC in comparison with ordinary concrete. The analysis results show that the displacement decreases by 43–67% while the impact-resistance increases by 40–82%, depending on a fiber type.
Jeon, Se-Jin, E-mail: conc@ajou.ac.kr [Ajou University, 206, World cup-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do 16499 (Korea, Republic of); Jin, Byeong-Moo [DAEWOO E& C, Institute of Construction Technology, 20, Suil-ro 123beon-gil, Jangan-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do 16297 (Korea, Republic of)
Structural response of nuclear containment shield buildings with unanticipated construction openings
Mac Namara, Sinead Caitriona
As Nuclear Power Plants age many require steam generator replacement. There is a nickel alloy in the steam generator tubes that is susceptible to stress cracking and although these cracks can be sealed the generator becomes uneconomical without 10%-15% of the tubes. The steam generator in a typical nuclear power plant is housed in the containment structure next to the reactor. The equipment hatch is not big enough to facilitate steam generator replacement, thus construction openings in the dome of the containment structure are required. To date the structural consequences of construction openings in the dome have not been examined. This thesis examines the effects of such openings. The prototype concrete dome is made up of a 2 ft thick dome atop 3 ft thick and 170 ft high cylindrical walls (radius 65.5 ft) with a tension ring 15 ft high and 8 ft thick in between. The dome of the building is cast in two layers; a lower 9 inch layer that serves as the formwork for an upper 15 inch layer. The weight of the dome is carried in axial compression along the hoops and meridians of the dome. The first finite element model uses shell elements and considers two limiting load cases; where the two layers act as one, and where the lower layer carries the weight of both. The openings interrupt the hoops and meridians and the weight of the dome must be redistributed around the openings. Without openings, the stresses due to dead load in the structure are very low when compared to the material strength. The impact of the openings is increased compression stresses near the opening. The maximum stresses are approximately four times larger than in the original structure. These results are confirmed by the second model which is made from layers of solid elements. This model shows a significant difference between the compression on the top surface of the dome, in the affected areas, and that on the bottom surface, leading to shear stresses. These shear stresses are largest around the
Calculation of radiation dose rate arisen from radionuclide contained in building materials
Lai Tien Thinh; Nguyen Hao Quang
This paper presents some results that we used MCNP5 program to calculate radiation dose rate arisen from radionuclide in building materials. Since then, the limits of radionuclide content in building materials are discussed. The calculation results by MCNP are compared with those calculated by analytical method. (author)
The primary mission of the Containment Group is to ensure that underground nuclear tests are satisfactorily contained. The main goal is the development of sound technical bases for containment-related methodology. Major areas of activity include siting, geologic description, emplacement hole stemming, and phenomenological predictions. Performance results of sanded gypsum concrete plugs on the Jefferson, Panamint, Cornucopia, Labquark, and Bodie events are given. Activities are also described in the following areas: computational capabilities site description, predictive modeling, and cavity-pressure measurement. Containment publications are listed. 8 references
A numerical study of external building walls containing phase change materials (PCM)
Izquierdo-Barrientos, M.A.; Belmonte, J.F.; RodrÃguez-Sánchez, D.; Molina, A.E.; Almendros-Ibáñez, J.A.
Phase Change Materials (PCMs) have been receiving increased attention, due to their capacity to store large amounts of thermal energy in narrow temperature ranges. This property makes them ideal for passive heat storage in the envelopes of buildings. To study the influence of PCMs in external building walls, a one-dimensional transient heat transfer model has been developed and solved numerically using a finite difference technique. Different external building wall configurations were analyzed for a typical building wall by varying the location of the PCM layer, the orientation of the wall, the ambient conditions and the phase transition temperature of the PCM. The integration of a PCM layer into a building wall diminished the amplitude of the instantaneous heat flux through the wall when the melting temperature of the PCM was properly selected according to the season and wall orientation. Conversely, the results of the work show that there is no significant reduction in the total heat lost during winter regardless of the wall orientation or PCM transition temperature. Higher differences were observed in the heat gained during the summer period, due to the elevated solar radiation fluxes. The high thermal inertia of the wall implies that the inclusion of a PCM layer increases the thermal load during the day while decreasing the thermal load during the night. - Highlights: â–º A comparative simulation of a building wall with and without PCMs has been conducted. â–º PCM is selected according with the season, the wall orientation and the melting temperature. â–º PCM in a building wall help to diminish the internal air temperature swings and to regulate the heat transfer.
Separate effects testing and analyses to investigate liner tearing of the 1:6-scale reinforced concrete containment building
Spletzer, B.L.; Lambert, L.D.; Bergman, V.L.
The overpressurization of a 1:6-scale reinforced concrete containment building demonstrated that liner tearing is a plausible failure mode in such structures under severe accident conditions. A combined experimental and analytical program was developed to determine the important parameters which affect liner tearing and to develop reasonably simple analytical methods for predicting when tearing will occur. Three sets of test specimens were designed to allow individual control over and investigation of the mechanisms believed to be important in causing failure of the liner plate. The series of tests investigated the effect on liner tearing produced by the anchorage system, the loading conditions, and the transition in thickness from the liner to the insert plate. Before testing, the specimens were analyzed using two- and three-dimensional finite element models. Based on the analysis, the failure mode and corresponding load conditions were predicted for each specimen. Test data and post-test examination of test specimens show mixed agreement with the analytical predictions with regard to failure mode and specimen response for most tests. Many similarities were also observed between the response of the liner in the 1:6-scale reinforced concrete containment model and the response of the test specimens. This work illustrates the fact that the failure mechanism of a reinforced concrete containment building can be greatly influenced by details of liner and anchorage system design. Further, it significantly increases the understanding of containment building response under severe conditions
Consideration on hydrogen explosion scenario in APR 1400 containment building during small breakup loss of coolant accident
Park, Kweonha, E-mail: khpark@kmou.ac.kr [Division of Mechanical & Energy Systems Engineering, Korea Maritime University, Dongsam-dong, Yeongdo-gu, Busan 606-791 (Korea, Republic of); Khor, Chong Lee, E-mail: itachi_829@hotmail.com [Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Maritime University, Dongsam-dong, Yeongdo-gu, Busan 606-791 (Korea, Republic of)
Highlights: • Hydrogen behavior in the containment building of APR1400 nuclear plant up to 15 h after the failure happened. • The risk of hydrogen explosion largely depends on the combination of air, hydrogen and steam in the containment. • Hydrogen explosion risk at different locations in the containment was analyzed. - Abstract: This paper describes the analytical result of the potential risk of hydrogen gas up to 15 h after the failure takes place. The major cause of the disaster occurred in Fukushima Daiichi nuclear reactor was the detonation of accumulated hydrogen in the containment by highly increased reactor core temperatures after the failure of the emergency cooling system. The hydrogen risk should be considered in severe accident strategies in current and future NPPs. A hydrogen explosion scenario is proposed. Hydrogen is accumulated on top of the dome during the hydrogen release period. At this point, there are no risk of explosion due to the steam that resides in upper part of the dome. As the hydrogen concentration increase, substantial amount of steams are released. Subsequently, hydrogen is forced into the lower part of the building with high air density—small explosion and dormant steam condensation phase are possible. The light hydrogen rises up slowly with air, gathering on top of the building with high air density. Massive hydrogen explosion is anticipated upon ignition at this stage.
Effects of hydrogen burning and associated engineered safety features on containment building response
Iyer, S.S.; Deem, R.E.
It is established that large amounts of hydrogen can be generated during degraded core events. The burning of this hydrogen can produce resulting loads which may represent a serious challenge to containment integrity. This paper presents some perspectives on hydrogen behavior during various degraded core events for a large dry containment. The analysis addresses the hydrogen transport and its subsequent diffusion once released to the containment. Since the distribution of hydrogen in the containment depends on the rate of release and various driving forces, the effects from various subsystems (i.e. fan coolers, sprays, heat structures, etc.) are examined to determine the sensitivity of each effect on the overall containment response. The sensitivity of results due to subcompartmentalization of the containment is also examined. Effects from localized hydrogen pocketing and burning will be addressed with emphasis on its relative impact on containment integrity
New lumped-mass-stick model based on modal characteristics of structures: development and application to a nuclear containment building
Roh, Hwasung; Lee, Huseok; Lee, Jong Seh
In this study, a new lumped-mass-stick model (LMSM) is developed based on the modal characteristics of a structure such as eigenvalues and eigenvectors. The simplified model, named the "frequency adaptive lumped-massstick model," hasonly a small number of stick elements and nodes to provide the same natural frequencies of the structure and is applied to a nuclear containment building. To investigate the numerical performance of the LMSM, a time history analysis is carried out on both the LMSM and the finite element model (FEM) for a nuclear containment building. A comparison of the results shows that the dynamic responses of the LMSM in terms of displacement and acceleration are almost identical to those of the FEM. In addition, the results in terms of fl oor response spectra at certain elevations are also in good agreement.
A Monte Carlo program to calculate the exposure rate from airborne radioactive gases inside a nuclear reactor containment building.
Sherbini, S; Tamasanis, D; Sykes, J; Porter, S W
A program was developed to calculate the exposure rate resulting from airborne gases inside a reactor containment building. The calculations were performed at the location of a wall-mounted area radiation monitor. The program uses Monte Carlo techniques and accounts for both the direct and scattered components of the radiation field at the detector. The scattered component was found to contribute about 30% of the total exposure rate at 50 keV and dropped to about 7% at 2000 keV. The results of the calculations were normalized to unit activity per unit volume of air in the containment. This allows the exposure rate readings of the area monitor to be used to estimate the airborne activity in containment in the early phases of an accident. Such estimates, coupled with containment leak rates, provide a method to obtain a release rate for use in offsite dose projection calculations.
Insights into the behavior of LWR steel containment buildings during severe accidents
Clauss, D.B.; Horschel, D.S.; Blejwas, T.E.
Investigations into the performance of steel containment subject to pressure and temperature greater than their design basis loads are discussed. The timing, mechanism, and location of a containment failure, i.e., release of radioactive materials, have an important impact on the consequences of a severe accident. We review the results of experiments on steel containment models pressurized to failure, on aged and unaged seals subjected to elevated temperature and pressure, and on electrical penetration assemblies tested for leakage. Based on the results, the important features and details of analytical methods that can be used to predict containment performance are identified. Finally, we speculate on the performance of steel containments in severe accident conditions. (orig.)
Effect and Removal Mechanisms of 6 Different Washing Agents for Building Wastes Containing Chromium
Wang Xing-run
Full Text Available With the building wastes contaminated by chromium in Haibei Chemical Plan in China as objects, we studied the contents of total Cr and Cr (VI of different sizes, analyzed the effect of 6 different washing agents, discussed the removal mechanisms of 6 different washing agents for Cr in various forms, and finally selected applicable washing agent. As per the results, particle size had little impact on the contents of total Cr and Cr (VI; after one washing with water, the removal rate of total Cr and Cr (VI was 75% and 78%, respectively, and after the second washing with 6 agents, the removal rate of citric acid was the highest, above 90% for total Cr and above 99% for hexavalent chromium; the pH of building wastes were reduced by citric acid, and under acid condition, hexavalent chromium was reduced to trivalent chromium spontaneously by organic acid, which led to better removal rate of acid soluble Cr and reducible Cr; due to the complexing action, citric acid had best removal rate for oxidizable trivalent chromium. In conclusion, citric acid is the most applicable second washing agent for building wastes.
Successful application and research of modularized scheme of containment liner of CPR1000+ reactor building
Lu Qinwu; Zhang Shuxia; Guo Junying
Research of modularized scheme in design, special grid structure spreader, crane, and successful applied in Yangjiang NPP project 3 will instruct and promote modularized construction of containment liner in construction projects. (authors)
A study on the functional assessment of the prestressed system and main structural elements in life extended containment building
Cheong, C. H.; Kim, S. W.; Choi, J. G. [DAEWOO E and C Institute of Costruction Technology, Suwon (Korea, Republic of)] (and others)
The design life of KNGR (Korean Next Generation Reactor) containment buildings is extended from 40 years to 60 years. However, nuclear reactor buildings are passive structures that are impossible to be exchanged in the case of degradation by the deterioration and so on when extending the design life of structures. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the long-term safety endurance in the design and construction of KNGR. Also, ti is judged that choice of the material and various test methods should be prescribed clearly. In this study, the reduction schemes of deterioration and the safety-ensuring schemes are drawn for the expected performance to be maintained from the beginning of the service to the required period together with ensuring the safety and serviceability of KNGR which will be constructed with the design life of 60 years, taking into account the dimensions, selection of material and construction methods in the design and construction stages. Also, the validity is to be examined for the estimation method of long-term losses of stress introduced to KNGR whose design life is increased to 60 years. The durability enhancement scheme on the design and construction for the design life extension of nuclear containment buildings is to be drawn through these studies. These results are utilized as the basic data for the safety inspection and examination guides of KNGR and finally the additional investigations are proposed for the items which require long-term studies.
Comparison of test and earthquake response modeling of a nuclear power plant containment building
Srinivasan, M.G.; Kot, C.A.; Hsieh, B.J.
The reactor building of a BWR plant was subjected to dynamic testing, a minor earthquake, and a strong earthquake at different times. Analytical models simulating each of these events were devised by previous investigators. A comparison of the characteristics of these models is made in this paper. The different modeling assumptions involved in the different simulation analyses restrict the validity of the models for general use and also narrow the comparison down to only a few modes. The dynamic tests successfully identified the first mode of the soil-structure system.
The reactor building of a BWR plant was subjected to dynamic testing, a minor earthquake, and a strong earthquake at different times. Analytical models simulating each of these events were devised by previous investigators. A comparison of the characteristics of these models is made in this paper. The different modeling assumptions involved in the different simulation analyses restrict the validity of the models for general use and also narrow the comparison down to only a few modes. The dynamic tests successfully identified the first mode of the soil-structure system
Dynamic analysis of steel-concrete structure of TVO power plant containment building
Hakala, M.; Karjunen, T.
The report presents results from a study concerning the ability of the containment to withstand the loads caused by steams explosions which are possible during a severe accident at TVO plant (BWR). In the first phase, the suitability of the engineering mechanics code (FLAC) for modelling the dynamic response of damaging steel-concrete structures was tested by post-calculating a small scale test. As a result, a new dynamic material model taking account the fracture orientation was developed. In containment calculations both the developed and the best generally accepted material model were used. The loads against the containment were obtained from a simple model for steam explosions, which allowed the impulse of the pressure load to be fixed by tuning a few parameters. The ability of the containment to withstand the pressure pulses was analysed with loads of 5, 1 0, 20, 40, 60, and 80 kPa s impulse. As a results, the area and magnitude of permanent damage together with time histories of displacement and stress at critical points are presented. The estimations on the consequences of the observed structural damages as far as the containment leak tightness and stability are concerned and presented as conclusions. (9 refs.)
Theoretical investigations to the mass- and energy transport in light water reactor containment buildings
Hocke, K.D.; Bisanz, R.; Ploeger, G.
In this report loss-of-coolant accidents in water-cooled nuclear power reactors will be described with regard to their effects on the reactor containment system. The general presentation of containment systems and the accident sequences is completed by performances of the physical and mathematical treatment of the flow dynamics. Following a survey of existing computer codes for containment analysis problems, a detailed model description of the computer codes ZOCO 6 and BEACON-MOD 2A is given. A variation of important model parameters within the ZOCO 6 program explains the field of application and leads to a valuation of the model assumptions. The obtained results are presented graphically including latest publications. (orig.) [de
Modular development mat reinforcing and liners containment/annulus building. Final report supplement. Volume I
Wainrib, J.
The feasibility of developing a modular system approach for the construction of containment mats has been established. The investigative results obtained from a plant used for the modular study has determined that (1) modularization results in a 10-week reduction in the construction schedule critical path over that for the conventional approach, and (2) modularization is cost effective and could result in a savings of approximately $10,700,000. Accordingly, it is recommended that the modular system approach be adopted as standard practice for the construction of containment mats
Numerical analysis on thermal performance of roof contained PCM of a single residential building
Li, Dong; Zheng, Yumeng; Liu, Changyu; Wu, Guozhong
Highlights: • Thermal performance of different roofs in cold area of China are investigated. • Effects of five different conditions on thermal performance of roofs are analyzed. • Delay time of temperatures peak in PCM roofs are beyond 3 h than common roof. - Abstract: The phase change material (PCM) applied in the roof can decrease the building energy consumption and improve the thermal comfort by enhancing the thermal energy storage capacity of building envelope. In the present work, the thermal performance of different kinds of roofs with and without PCM in Northeast and cold area of China, i.e. common roof and PCM roofs, have been investigated numerically. This study also explored the influencing factors of thermal behavior of the roofs, such as solar radiation intensity, transition temperature and latent heat of PCM, roof slope, PCM layer thickness, and absorption coefficients of external roof surface. The results show that the PCM roofs effect on the temperature delay in the room is very strong and the delay time of temperatures peak of base layer in PCM roofs are beyond 3 h than common roof. The effect of transition temperature and latent heat of PCM on the thermal performance of roofs is relatively weak, compared with the roof slope, PCM layer thickness and absorption coefficients of external roof surface
Synthesis of a novel polyester building block from pentoses by tin-containing silicates
Elliot, Samuel Gilbert; Andersen, Christian; Tolborg, Søren
a product containing functional groups originating from trans-2,5-dihydroxy-3-pentenoic acid methyl ester in the polyester backbone. The reactivity of the incorporated olefin and hydroxyl moieties was investigated using trifluoroacetic anhydride and thiol-ene chemisitry, thus illustrating the potential...
EDF reactor building containment: Monitoring of the pre-stressed concrete structure
Badez, N.
The concrete containments of the EDF PWR are pre-stressed, and are monitored to observe the ageing effects on the structure, in particular the evolutions of creep, shrinkage, pre-stress loss, and air leakage tightness. Monitoring devices are installed during construction period, and measurements are checked, stored on a data base, and analysed during all the plant operating life time. The topic of the presentation is to present each part of the EDF monitoring organisation. A continuous monitoring makes it possible to produce periodical comprehensive reports about the mechanical analysis of the structure, the strain stabilisation,... Periodical tests (each 10 years) are planned. They consist to submit the containment to an internal air pressure at the accidental pressure level. The monitoring system gives the strain values in order to check their linearity and reversibility with decreasing pressure. At the same time, the containment tightness is checked with a specific instrumentation to verify that leak rate is lower than the required level. A general view of instrumentation implemented on the containment (sensors, data acquisition), and a data analysis are presented
Study of the radioactivity of building materials in a room built with bricks containing phosphogypsum
Marnissi, Anis
The phosphogypsum is a waste product by the phosphate fertilizer industry. This product is present in huge quantities. It poses a boredom that is growing. His recovery still hangs at the impurities it contains, particularly radioactive elements. This is the main object of this study. (Author)
Axisymmetric analysis of a 1:6-scale reinforced concrete containment building using a distributed cracking model for the concrete
Weatherby, J.R.
Results of axisymmetric structural analyses of a 1:6 scale model of a reinforced concrete nuclear containment building are presented. Both a finite element shell analysis and a simplified membrane analysis were made to predict the structural response and ultimate pressure capacity of the model. Analytical results indicate that the model will fail at an internal pressure of 187 psig when the stress level in the hoop reinforcement at the midsection of the cylinder exceeds the ultimate strength of the bar splices. 5 refs., 34 figs., 6 tabs
Assessment and management of ageing of major nuclear power plant components important to safety: Concrete containment buildings
The report presents the results of the Co-ordinated Research Programme (CRP) on the Management of Ageing of Concrete Containment Buildings (CCBs) addressing current practices and techniques for assessing fitness-for-service and the inspection, monitoring and mitigation of ageing degradation of selected components of CANDU reactor, BWR reactor, PWR reactor and WWER plants. These practices are intended to help all involved directly and indirectly in ensuring the safe operation of NPPs and also to provide a common technical basis for dialogue between plant operators and regulators when dealing with age-related licensing issues
Ketenimines Generated from Ynamides: Versatile Building Blocks for Nitrogen-Containing Scaffolds.
Dodd, Robert H; Cariou, Kevin
Using ynamides as readily available starting materials, a single step can generate highly reactive ketenimines, which can then undergo a variety of transformations. The choice of the method for generating the ketenimine dictates the outcome of the reaction that can, moreover, be precisely steered through minor variations of the starting material. This Concept gives an overview of the different existing methodologies for this objective, showcasing the diverse nitrogen-containing frameworks that can be obtained by this highly versatile strategy. © 2018 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.
Development of finite element models for the study of ageing effects in CANDU 6 concrete containment buildings
Ding, Y.; Jaffer, S., E-mail: Yuqing.Ding@cnl.ca [Canadian Nuclear Laboratories, Chalk River, Ontario (Canada)
In nuclear power plants (NPPs), concrete containment buildings (CCBs) provide the final physical barrier against the release of radioactive materials into the environment and protect the nuclear structures housed within the containment building. CCBs have to be maintained to ensure leak tightness and sound structural integrity for the safe operation throughout the life of NPPs. However, the integrity of CCBs may be affected by the ageing of its concrete, post-tensioning cables and reinforcing bars (rebars). Finite element models (FEMs) of CANDU 6 CCBs have been developed using 2 independent finite element programs for the study of the effect of ageing of CCBs. These FEMs have been validated using multiple-source data and have been used for preliminary analyses of the effect of thermal load and ageing degradation on the concrete structure. The modelling assumptions and simplifications, approach, and validation are discussed in this paper. The preliminary analyses for temperature effects and potential applications to the study of ageing degradation in CCBs using the FEMs are briefly introduced. (author)
IM-16: A new microporous germanosilicate with a novel framework topology containing d4r and mtw composite building units
Lorgouilloux, Yannick; Dodin, Mathias; Paillaud, Jean-Louis; Caullet, Philippe; Michelin, Laure; Josien, Ludovic; Ersen, Ovidiu; Bats, Nicolas
The synthesis and the structure of IM-16 a new germanosilicate with a novel zeolitic topology prepared hydrothermally with the ionic liquid 3-ethyl-1-methyl-3H-imidazol-1-ium as the organic structure-directing agent are reported. The structure of calcined and partially rehydrated IM-16 of chemical formula |(H 2 O) 0.16 |[Si 3.47 Ge 2.53 O 12 ] was solved from powder XRD data in space group Cmcm with a=15.0861(2) A, b=17.7719(3) A, c=19.9764(3) A, V=5355.84(12) A 3 (Z=16). This new zeolite framework type contains 10-MRs channels and may be described from the d4r and mtw composite building units. - Graphical abstract: The synthesis and the structure of IM-16 a new germanosilicate with a novel zeolitic topology prepared hydrothermally with the ionic liquid 3-ethyl-1-methyl-3H-imidazol-1-ium as the organic structure-directing agent are reported. This new zeolite framework type contains 10-MRs channels and may be described from the d4r and mtw composite building units
A study on the improvement of ISI methods for a prestressed concrete containment building
Seo, Jeong Moon; Choi, In Kil
The ISI (In-Service Inspection) of a PCCV (Prestressed Concrete Containment Vessel) consists of the tendon ISI and the SIT (Structural Integrity Test) which evaluate the effective or residual prestress in the post-tensioned prestress system, and of the ILRT (Integrated Leakage Rate Test) which ensures the leak-tightness of a PCCV. The tendon system adopted in Korean PCCVs is either grouted or ungrouted one. The grouted tendon system was used in the Ulchin Unit 1 and 2 and the Wolsong Units 1-4, whereas the rest NPPs except Kori Unit 1 and 2 adopted an ungrouted tendon system. In this report, the issues were identified on the ISI of ungrouted tendon system and on the SIT of all the PCCVs. The ILRT issues are implicitly included in the SIT issues as the ILRT is performed in parallel with the SIT. Improvements were suggested on the issues identified after the analyses of the domestic and foreign experiences and researches.
Nonlinear seismic behavior of a CANDU containment building subjected to near-field ground motions
Choi, In Kil; Ahn, Seong Moon; Choun, Young Sun; Seo, Jeong Moon
The standard response spectrum proposed by US NRC has been used as a design earthquake for the design of Korean nuclear power plant structures. A survey on some of the Quaternary fault segments near Korean nuclear power plants is ongoing. It is likely that these faults will be identified as active ones. If the faults are confirmed as active ones, it will be necessary to reevaluate the seismic safety of the nuclear power plants located near the fault. Near-fault ground motions are the ground motions that occur near an earthquake fault. In general, the near-fault ground motion records exhibit a distinctive long period pulse like time history with very high peak velocities. These features are induced by the slip of the earthquake fault. Near-fault ground motions, which have caused much of the damage in recent major earthquakes, can be characterized by a pulse-like motion that exposes the structure to a high input energy at the beginning of the motion. In this study, nonlinear dynamic time-history analyses were performed to investigate the seismic behavior of a CANDU containment structure subjected to various earthquake ground motions including the near-field ground motions
CFA-1: the first chiral metal-organic framework containing Kuratowski-type secondary building units.
Schmieder, Phillip; Denysenko, Dmytro; Grzywa, Maciej; Baumgärtner, Benjamin; Senkovska, Irena; Kaskel, Stefan; Sastre, German; van Wüllen, Leo; Volkmer, Dirk
The novel homochiral metal-organic framework CFA-1 (Coordination Framework Augsburg-1), [Zn5(OAc)4(bibta)3], containing the achiral linker {H2-bibta = 1H,1'H-5,5'-bibenzo[d][1,2,3]triazole}, has been synthesised. The reaction of H2-bibta and Zn(OAc)2·2H2O in N-methylformamide (NMF) (90 °C, 3 d) yields CFA-1 as trigonal prismatic single crystals. CFA-1 serves as a convenient precursor for the synthesis of isostructural frameworks with redox-active metal centres, which is demonstrated by the postsynthetic exchange of Zn(2+) by Co(2+) ions. The framework is robust to solvent removal and has been structurally characterized by synchrotron single-crystal X-ray diffraction and solid state NMR measurements ((13)C MAS- and (1)H MAS-NMR at 10 kHz). Results from MAS-NMR and IR spectroscopy studies are corroborated by cluster and periodic DFT calculations performed on CFA-1 cluster fragments.
Burning rates of hydrogen-air mixtures in containment buildings and the consequent pressure transients
Tennankore, K.N.; Kumar, R.K.; Razzaghi, M.
One-dimensional flame models are often used to predict the pressure transients caused by hydrogen combustion in containments during postulated severe accidents. In the absence of data, these models account for prevailing flame acceleration mechanisms, such as initial turbulence, venting and obstacle-induced turbulence, by using arbitrarily large burning velocities that are much higher than laminar burning velocities. Using an intermediate-scale test facility at the Whiteshell Nuclear Research Establishment we have obtained necessary data on the effects of flame acceleration mechanisms, to estimate the safety margin in the buring velocities used in the models. So far, data have been analyzed, with a one-dimensional model, to determine effective burning velocities and burning-rate enhancement factors. The results of the analyses indicate that the effect of initial turbulence on the burning rate can be bounded only if the effect of flame-generated turbulence is included. The effect of venting can be accounted for by using two burning velocities, one for the pre-vent duration and a second increased value during the vented-combustion stage. The enhancement factors due to these two mechanisms, for the different conditions analyzed, varied up to 5.4, and the effective burning velocities varied up to 8.4 m/s
Comparison of computer codes relative to the aerosol behavior in the reactor containment building during severe core damage accidents in a PWR
Fermandjian, J.; Bunz, H.; Dunbar, I.; Gauvain, J.; Ricchena, R.
The present study concerns a comparative exercise, performed within the framework of the Commission of the European Communities, of the computer codes (AEROSIM-M, UK; AEROSOLS/B1, France; CORRAL-2, CEC and NAUA Mod5, Germany) used in order to assess the aerosol behavior in the reactor containment building during severe core damage accidents in a PWR. Topics considered in this paper include aerosols, containment buildings, reactor safety, fission product release, reactor cores, meltdown, and monitoring
The French nuclear power plant reactor building containment contributions of prestressing and concrete performances in reliability improvements and cost savings
Rouelle, P.; Roy, F.
The Electricite de France's N4 CHOOZ B nuclear power plant, two units of the world's largest PWR model (1450 Mwe each), has earned the Electric Power International's 1997 Powerplant Award. This lead NPP for EDF's N4 series has been improved notably in terms of civil works. The presentation will focus on the Reactor Building's inner containment wall which is one of the main civil structures on a technical and safety point of view. In order to take into account the necessary evolution of the concrete technical specification such as compressive strength low creep and shrinkage, the HSC/HPC has been used on the last N4 Civaux 2 NPP. As a result of the use of this type of professional concrete, the containment withstands an higher internal pressure related to severe accident and ensures higher level of leak-tightness, thus improving the overall safety of the NPP. On that occasion, a new type of prestressing has been tested locally through 55 C 15 S tendons using a new C 1500 FE Jack. These updated civil works techniques shall allow EDF to ensure a Reactor Containment lifespan for more than 50 years. The gains in terms of reliability and cost saving of these improved techniques will be developed hereafter
Evaluation of Ultimate Pressure Capacity of a Prestressed Concrete Containment Building with Steel or Polyamide Fiber Reinforcement
Choun, Youngsun; Hahm, Daegi [Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Daejeon (Korea, Republic of)
Fiber reinforced concrete (FRC) includes thousands of small fibers that are distributed randomly in the concrete. Fibers resist the growth of cracks in concrete through their bridging at the cracks. Therefore, FRC fails in tension only when the fibers break or are pulled out of the cement matrix. For this reason, the addition of fibers in concrete mixing increases the tensile toughness of concrete and enhances the post-cracking behavior. A prevention of through-wall cracks and an increase of the post-cracking ductility will improve the ultimate internal pressure capacity of a prestressed concrete containment building (PCCB). In this study, the effects of steel or polyamide fiber reinforcement on the ultimate pressure capacity of a PCCB are evaluated. When R-SFRC contains hooked steel fibers in a volume fraction of 1.0%, the ultimate pressure capacity of a PCCB can be improved by 17%. When R-PFRC contains polyamide fibers in a volume fraction of 1.5%, the ultimate pressure capacity of a PCCB can be enhanced by 10%. Further studies are needed to determine the strain limits acceptable for PCCBs reinforced with fibers.
Choun, Youngsun; Hahm, Daegi
Fiber reinforced concrete (FRC) includes thousands of small fibers that are distributed randomly in the concrete. Fibers resist the growth of cracks in concrete through their bridging at the cracks. Therefore, FRC fails in tension only when the fibers break or are pulled out of the cement matrix. For this reason, the addition of fibers in concrete mixing increases the tensile toughness of concrete and enhances the post-cracking behavior. A prevention of through-wall cracks and an increase of the post-cracking ductility will improve the ultimate internal pressure capacity of a prestressed concrete containment building (PCCB). In this study, the effects of steel or polyamide fiber reinforcement on the ultimate pressure capacity of a PCCB are evaluated. When R-SFRC contains hooked steel fibers in a volume fraction of 1.0%, the ultimate pressure capacity of a PCCB can be improved by 17%. When R-PFRC contains polyamide fibers in a volume fraction of 1.5%, the ultimate pressure capacity of a PCCB can be enhanced by 10%. Further studies are needed to determine the strain limits acceptable for PCCBs reinforced with fibers
Comparison of european computer codes relative to the aerosol behavior in PWR containment buildings during severe core damage accidents
Fermandjian, J.; Beonio-Brocchieri, F.
The present study concerns a comparative exercise, performed within the framework of the Commission of the European Communities, of the computer codes used in reactor safety in order to assess their capability of realistically describing the aerosol behavior in PWR reactor containment buildings during severe accidents. The codes included in the present study are the following: AEROSIM-M, AEROSOLS/Bl, CORRAL-2, NAUA Mod5. In AEROSIM-M, AEROSOLS/Bl and NAUA Mod5, the integro-differential equation for the evolution of the particle mass distribution is approximated by a set of coupled first order differential equations. To this end, the particle distribution function is replaced by a number of discrete monodisperse fractions. The CORRAL-2 has an essentially empirical basis (processes not explicitely modelled, but their net effects accounted for). The physical processes taken into account in the codes are shown finally
Multi-scale approach of the mechanical behaviour of reinforced concrete structures - Application to nuclear plant containment buildings
David, M.
This thesis develops a multi-scale strategy to describe the mechanical behaviour of steel reinforcements and prestressing tendons in a reinforced concrete structure. This strategy is declined in several steps, which allow gradual integration of new physical phenomena. The first asymptotic model represents the effective elastic behaviour of heterogeneities periodically distributed on a surface. It combines an elastic interface behaviour and a membrane behaviour. A second asymptotic model then focuses on the behaviour of rigid fibers distributed on a surface, which may slide with respect to the surrounding volume. These models induce less stress concentrations than the usual truss models. They are implemented in the finite element code Code-Aster, and validated with respect to reference three-dimensional simulations. Their interaction with a macroscopic crack is studied. Finally, this strategy allows the modeling of experimental tests carried out on a portion of a containment building in real scale. (author)
Evaluation of Shear Resisting Capacity of a Prestressed Concrete Containment Building with Steel or Polyamide Fiber Reinforcement
Choun, Youngsun; Park, Junhee
Conventional reinforced concrete (RC) members generally show a rapid deterioration in shear resisting mechanisms under a reversed cyclic load. However, the use of high-performance fiber-reinforced cement composites provides excellent damage tolerance under large displacement reversals compared with regular concrete. Previous experimental studies have indicated that the use of fibers in conventional RC can enhance the structural and functional performance of prestressed concrete containment buildings (PCCBs) in nuclear power plants. This study evaluates the shear resisting capacity for a PCCB constructed using steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC) or polyamide fiber reinforced concrete (PFRC). The effects of steel and polyamide fibers on the shear performance of a PCCB were investigated. It was revealed that steel fibers are more effective to enhance the shear resisting capacity of a PCCB than polyamide fibers. The ductility and energy dissipation increase significantly in fiber reinforced PCCBs
Choun, Youngsun; Park, Junhee [Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Daejeon (Korea, Republic of)
Conventional reinforced concrete (RC) members generally show a rapid deterioration in shear resisting mechanisms under a reversed cyclic load. However, the use of high-performance fiber-reinforced cement composites provides excellent damage tolerance under large displacement reversals compared with regular concrete. Previous experimental studies have indicated that the use of fibers in conventional RC can enhance the structural and functional performance of prestressed concrete containment buildings (PCCBs) in nuclear power plants. This study evaluates the shear resisting capacity for a PCCB constructed using steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC) or polyamide fiber reinforced concrete (PFRC). The effects of steel and polyamide fibers on the shear performance of a PCCB were investigated. It was revealed that steel fibers are more effective to enhance the shear resisting capacity of a PCCB than polyamide fibers. The ductility and energy dissipation increase significantly in fiber reinforced PCCBs.
Assessment of the Internal Pressure Fragility of the Hanul NPP Units 3 and 4 Containment Building Using a Nonlinear Finite Element Analysis
Park, Hyung Kui; Hahm, Dea Gi; Choi, In Kil [Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Daejeon (Korea, Republic of)
The sensitivity of the concrete strength is relatively higher compared to that of the steel strength. According to changes in the structure of the material, about 6-10% ultimate internal pressure differences occurred. Thirty sets of an FE model considering the material uncertainty of concrete and steel were composed for the internal pressure fragility assessment. From the internal pressure fragility assessment of the target containment building, the median capacity of liner leakage is estimated to be 116 psi. As can be seen from the Fukushima nuclear power plant accident, the containment building is the final protecting shield to prevent radiation leakage. Thus, a structural soundness evaluation for the containment pressure loads owing to a severe accident is very important. Recently, a probabilistic safety assessment has been commonly used to take into account the possible factors of uncertainty in a structural system. An assessment of the internal pressure fragility of the CANDU type containment buildings considering the correlation of structural material variables, and an assessment of the internal pressure fragility of the CANDU type containment buildings using a nonlinear finite element analysis, were also performed. However, for PWR type containment buildings, a fragility assessment has not been performed yet using a nonlinear finite element model (FEM) analysis. In this study, for the Hanul NPP units 3 and 4 containment building, the internal pressure fragility assessment was established using an FEM analysis. To do this, a three-dimensional finite element model, material property values, and a sensitive analysis were developed. A nonlinear finite element analysis of the Hanul NPP units 3 and 4 containment building was performed for a material sensitivity analysis and internal pressure fragility assessment.
Park, Hyung Kui; Hahm, Dea Gi; Choi, In Kil
The sensitivity of the concrete strength is relatively higher compared to that of the steel strength. According to changes in the structure of the material, about 6-10% ultimate internal pressure differences occurred. Thirty sets of an FE model considering the material uncertainty of concrete and steel were composed for the internal pressure fragility assessment. From the internal pressure fragility assessment of the target containment building, the median capacity of liner leakage is estimated to be 116 psi. As can be seen from the Fukushima nuclear power plant accident, the containment building is the final protecting shield to prevent radiation leakage. Thus, a structural soundness evaluation for the containment pressure loads owing to a severe accident is very important. Recently, a probabilistic safety assessment has been commonly used to take into account the possible factors of uncertainty in a structural system. An assessment of the internal pressure fragility of the CANDU type containment buildings considering the correlation of structural material variables, and an assessment of the internal pressure fragility of the CANDU type containment buildings using a nonlinear finite element analysis, were also performed. However, for PWR type containment buildings, a fragility assessment has not been performed yet using a nonlinear finite element model (FEM) analysis. In this study, for the Hanul NPP units 3 and 4 containment building, the internal pressure fragility assessment was established using an FEM analysis. To do this, a three-dimensional finite element model, material property values, and a sensitive analysis were developed. A nonlinear finite element analysis of the Hanul NPP units 3 and 4 containment building was performed for a material sensitivity analysis and internal pressure fragility assessment
Periodic Safety Review of Tendon Pre-stress of Concrete Containment Building for a CA U-Type clear Power Plant
Joo, Kwang Ho; Lim, Woo Sang [Korea Hydro and clear Power Co., Daejeon (Korea, Republic of)
Generally, as the tendon pre-stress of concrete containment buildings at nuclear power plants decreases as time passes due to the concrete creep, concrete shrinkage and the relaxation of tendon strands, the tendon pre-stress must secure the structural integrity of these buildings by maintaining its value higher than that of the designed pre-stress during the overall service life of the nuclear power plants. Moreover, if necessary, the degree of tendon pre-stress must also guarantee the structural integrity of concrete containment buildings over their lifetimes. This paper evaluated the changes in the tendon pre-stress of a concrete containment building subject to time-limited aging as an item in a periodic safety review (PSR) of Wolsong unit 1, a CANDU-type nuclear power plant to ensure that the structural integrity can be maintained until the next PSR period after the designed lifetime.
Excessive leakage measurement using pressure decay method in containment building local leakage rate test at nuclear power plant
Lee, Won Kyu; Kim, Chang Soo; Kim, Wang Bae [KHNP, Central Research Institute, Daejeon (Korea, Republic of)
There are two methods for conducting the containment local leakage rate test (LLRT) in nuclear power plants: the make-up flow rate method and the pressure decay method. The make-up flow rate method is applied first in most power plants. In this method, the leakage rate is measured by checking the flow rate of the make-up flow. However, when it is difficult to maintain the test pressure because of excessive leakage, the pressure decay method can be used as a complementary method, as the leakage rates at pressures lower than normal can be measured using this method. We studied the method of measuring over leakage using the pressure decay method for conducting the LLRT for the containment building at a nuclear power plant. We performed experiments under conditions similar to those during an LLRT conducted on-site. We measured the characteristics of the leakage rate under varies pressure decay conditions, and calculated the compensation ratio based on these data.
Experimental study of the leakage rate through cracked reinforced concrete wall elements for defining the functional failure criteria of containment buildings
Choun, Young Sun; Cho, Nam So
Containment buildings in nuclear power plants should maintain their structural safety as well as their functional integrity during an operation period. To maintain the functional integrity, the wall and dome of the containment buildings have to maintain their air tightness under extreme loading conditions such as earthquakes, missile impact, and severe accidents. For evaluating the functional failure of containments, it is important to predict the leak amount through cracked concrete walls. The leakage through concrete cracks has been studied since 1972. Buss examined the flow rate of air through a pre-existing crack in a slab under air pressure. Rizkalla el al. initiated an experimental study for the leakage of prestressed concrete building segments under uniaxial and biaxial loadings to simulate the loading condition of containment buildings under an internal pressure. Recently, Salmon el al. initiated an experimental program for determining the leak rates in typical reinforced concrete shear walls subjected to beyond design basis earthquakes. This study investigates the cracking behavior of reinforced concrete containment wall elements under a uniaxial tension and addresses the outline of the leakage test for unlined containment wall elements
Effect of Nonlinear Hardening of Lead Rubber Bearing on Long Term Behavior of Base Isolated Containment Building
Park, Junhee; Choun, Young-Sun; Kim, Min-Kyu
The rubber material used in laminated rubber bearings is the hyper elastic material whose stress-strain relationship can be defined as nonlinearly elastic. From the previous research, it was presented that the rubber hardness and stiffness was increased by the aging of LRB. The mechanical properties of LRB changed by aging can directly affect a nonlinear hardening behavior. Therefore it is needed to consider the nonlinear hardening effect for exactly evaluating the seismic safety of base isolated structure during the life time. In this study, the seismic response analysis of base isolated containment building was performed by using the bilinear model and the hardening model to identify the effect of structural response on the nonlinear hardening behavior of isolator. Moreover the floor response spectrum of base isolated structure considering the aging was analyzed by according to the analysis model of LRB.. The hardening behavior of lead rubber bearing occurs at high strain. Therefore it is reasonable to assume that the hysteretic model of LRB is the nonlinear hardening model for exactly evaluating the seismic response of base isolated structure. The nonlinear analysis of base isolated containment was performed by using the nonlinear hardening variables which was resulted from the test results and finite element analysis. From the analysis results, it was represented that the FRS was higher about 40% with nonlinear hardening model than with the bilinear model. Therefore the seismic response of base isolated structure with bilinear model can be underestimated than the real response. It is desired that the nonlinear hardening model of LRB is applied for the seismic risk evaluation requiring the ultimate state of LRB
Methods for eluting radiocesium from zeolite ion exchange material in a column in the TMI-2 reactor containment building
Knauer, J.B.; Campbell, D.O.; Collins, E.D.; King, L.J.
Two alternative procedures were evaluated at Oak Ridge National Laboratory for potential use in eluting the radiocesium from Linde Ionsiv IE-95 zeolite in the pushcart ion exchange column in the TMI-2 containment building. The elution mechanism was iosotopic exchange of the radiocesium with stable cesium. Small zeolite ion exchange columns that had been loaded during ORNL tests of the Submerged Demineralizer System (SDS) flowsheet were eluted during these tests. One column was eluted using 0.25 M CsNO 3 , and a second column was eluted using 0.25 M CsH 2 BO 3 . Both eluent solutions were effective for removing the cesium. The 0.25 CsNO 3 eluent removed approx. 91% of the 137 Cs in 20 bed volumes and approx. 92% in 37.5 bed volumes. The 0.25 M CsH 2 BO 3 eluent removed approx. 82% of the 137 Cs in 20 bed volumes and approx. 85% in 40 bed volumes. In both cases, the radiation levels on the columns were reduced by a factor of approx. 30
Design response spectra-compliant real and synthetic GMS for seismic analysis of seismically isolated nuclear reactor containment building
Full Text Available Due to the severe impacts of recent earthquakes, the use of seismic isolation is paramount for the safety of nuclear structures. The diversity observed in seismic events demands ongoing research to analyze the devastating attributes involved, and hence to enhance the sustainability of base-isolated nuclear power plants. This study reports the seismic performance of a seismically-isolated nuclear reactor containment building (NRCB under strong short-period ground motions (SPGMs and long-period ground motions (LPGMs. The United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission-based design response spectrum for the seismic design of nuclear power plants is stipulated as the reference spectrum for ground motion selection. Within the period range(s of interest, the spectral matching of selected records with the target spectrum is ensured using the spectral-compatibility approach. NRC-compliant SPGMs and LPGMs from the mega-thrust Tohoku earthquake are used to obtain the structural response of the base-isolated NRCB. To account for the lack of earthquakes in low-to-moderate seismicity zones and the gap in the artificial synthesis of long-period records, wavelet-decomposition based autoregressive moving average modeling for artificial generation of real ground motions is performed. Based on analysis results from real and simulated SPGMs versus LPGMs, the performance of NRCBs is discussed with suggestions for future research and seismic provisions.
Ali, Ahmer [ENVICO Consultants Co. Ltd., Seoul (Korea, Republic of); Abu-Hayah, Nadin; Kim, Doo Kie [Civil and Environmental Engineering, Kunsan National University, Gunsan (Korea, Republic of); Cho, Sung Gook [Innose Tech Co., Ltd., Incheon (Korea, Republic of)
Due to the severe impacts of recent earthquakes, the use of seismic isolation is paramount for the safety of nuclear structures. The diversity observed in seismic events demands ongoing research to analyze the devastating attributes involved, and hence to enhance the sustainability of base-isolated nuclear power plants. This study reports the seismic performance of a seismically-isolated nuclear reactor containment building (NRCB) under strong short-period ground motions (SPGMs) and long-period ground motions (LPGMs). The United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission-based design response spectrum for the seismic design of nuclear power plants is stipulated as the reference spectrum for ground motion selection. Within the period range(s) of interest, the spectral matching of selected records with the target spectrum is ensured using the spectral-compatibility approach. NRC-compliant SPGMs and LPGMs from the mega-thrust Tohoku earthquake are used to obtain the structural response of the base-isolated NRCB. To account for the lack of earthquakes in low-to-moderate seismicity zones and the gap in the artificial synthesis of long-period records, wavelet-decomposition based autoregressive moving average modeling for artificial generation of real ground motions is performed. Based on analysis results from real and simulated SPGMs versus LPGMs, the performance of NRCBs is discussed with suggestions for future research and seismic provisions.
Fermandjian, J.; Dunbar, I.; Gauvain, J.; Ricchena, R.
The present study concerns a comparative exercise, performed within the framework of the Commission of the European Communities, of the computer codes (AEROSISM-M, UK; AEROSOLS/BI, France; CORRAL-2, CEC and NAUA Mod5, Germany) used in order to assess the aerosol behavior in the reactor containment building during severe core damage accidents in a PWR
Development of 3D models of buildings for containment of the nuclear power plant of Almaraz and of the Trillo Nuclear with the GOTHIC 8.0 code
Jimenez, G.; Bocanegra Melian, R.; Fernandez Cosils, K.; Barreira Pereira, P.; Rey Peinado, L.; Posada Barral, J. M.
The objective of the first phase of the research of CNAT and the UPM project is the construction of several three-dimensional models detailed GOTHIC 8.0 code of containment of a buildings plant type PWR-W and KWU, corresponding to the Central Nuclear de Almaraz (CNA) and Trillo (CNT) respectively. (Author)
Comparison of european computer codes relative to the aerosol behavior in PWR containment buildings during severe core damage accidents. (Modelling of steam condensation on the particles)
Bunz, H.; Dunbar, L.H.; Fermandjian, J.; Lhiaubet, G.
An aerosol code comparison exercise was performed within the framework of the Commission of European Communities (Division of Safety of Nuclear Installations). This exercise, focused on the process of steam condensation onto the aerosols occurring in PWR containment buildings during severe core damage accidents, has allowed to understand the discrepancies between the results obtained. These discrepancies are due, in particular, to whether the curvature effect is modelled or not in the codes
Model of the containment building of Almaraz NPP and the system of recombiners PARs, with the GOTHIC code, for the study of the diffusion of combustible gases
Garcia Gonzalez, M.; Huelamo, E.; Mazrtinez, M.; Perez, J. R.
This paper presents the analysis of distribution of gases within the containment building carried out a simulation model with the code Thermo hydraulic GOTHIC, which has been evaluated based on passive autocatalytic recombiners gas control system. The model considers scenarios of severe accident with specific conditions that produce the most hydrogen generation rates. Intended to verify the effectiveness of the control system of gas expected to be installed in the Almaraz Nuclear power plant so that the number and location of recombiners equipment meets its function of preventing the formation of explosive atmospheres which impairs the integrity of the containment, reducing and limiting the concentration of combustible gases during the postulated accident. (Author)
Possibilities of using new technology materials in constructing the radioactive waste containers The paper will consider using the latest technologies in material science for building
Itu, Razvan Bogdan
The paper will consider using the latest technologies in materials science for building the radioactive waste containers. A new amorphous steel has been discovered by the scientists from the University of Virginia, a material three times stronger then conventional steel and non-magnetic. Scientists shown that this steel, DARVA - Glass 101, has superior anticorrosive proprieties. The paper will also consider using Para-Aramides in protecting the radioactive waste containers. Chemical and physical properties of these materials shown a great tensile strength and the inter-chain bonds make these materials extremely strong. (author)
Mononuclear, trinuclear, and hetero-trinuclear supramolecular complexes containing a new tri-sulfonate ligand and cobalt(II)/copper(II)-(1,10-phenanthroline) 2 building blocks
Yu, Yunfang; Wei, Yongqin; Broer, Ria; Sa, Rongjian; Wu, Kechen
Novel mononuclear, trinuclear, and hetero-trinuclear supermolecular complexes, [Co(phen) 2(H 2O)(HTST)]·2H 2O ( 1), [Co 3(phen) 6(H 2O) 2(TST) 2]·7H 2O ( 2), and [Co 2Cu(phen) 6(H 2O) 2(TST) 2]·10H 2O ( 3), have been synthesized by the reactions of a new tri-sulfonate ligand (2,4,6-tris(4-sulfophenylamino)-1,3,5-triazine, H 3TST) with the M2+ ( M=Co, Cu) and the second ligand 1,10-phenanthroline (phen). Complex 1 contains a cis-Co(II)(phen) 2 building block and an HTST as monodentate ligand; complex 2 consists of two TST as bidentate ligands connecting one trans- and two cis-Co(II)(phen) 2 building blocks; complex 3 is formed by replacing the trans-Co(II)(phen) 2 in 2 with a trans-Cu(II)(phen) 2, which is the first reported hetero-trinuclear supramolecular complex containing both the Co(II)(phen) 2 and Cu(II)(phen) 2 as building blocks. The study shows the flexible multifunctional self-assembly capability of the H 3TST ligands presenting in these supramolecular complexes through coordinative, H-bonding and even π- π stacking interactions. The photoluminescent optical properties of these complexes are also investigated and discussed as well as the second-order nonlinear optical properties of 1.
A resin composite material containing an eugenol derivative for intracanal post cementation and core build-up restoration.
Almaroof, A; Rojo, L; Mannocci, F; Deb, S
To formulate and evaluate new dual cured resin composite based on the inclusion of eugenyl methacrylate monomer (EgMA) with Bis-GMA/TEGDMA resin systems for intracanal post cementation and core build-up restoration of endodontically treated teeth. EgMA was synthesized and incorporated at 5% (BTEg5) or 10% (BTEg10) into dual-cure formulations. Curing properties, viscosity, Tg, radiopacity, static and dynamic mechanical properties of the composites were determined and compared with Clearfil™DC Core-Plus, a commercial dual-cure, two-component composite. Statistical analysis of the data was performed with ANOVA and the Tukey's post-hoc test. The experimental composites were successfully prepared, which exhibited excellent curing depths of 4.9, 4.7 and 4.2 mm for BTEg0, BTEg5 and BTEg10 respectively, which were significantly higher than Clearfil™DC. However, the inclusion of EgMA initially led to a lower degree of cure, which increased when measured at 24 h with values comparable to formulations without EgMA, indicating post-curing. The inclusion of EgMA also lowered the polymerization exotherm thereby reducing the potential of thermal damage to host tissue. Both thermal and viscoelastic analyses confirmed the ability of the monomer to reduce the stiffness of the composites by forming a branched network. The compressive strength of BTEg5 was significantly higher than the control whilst flexural strength increased significantly from 95.9 to 114.8 MPa (BTEg5) and 121.9 MPa (BTEg10). Radiopacity of the composites was equivalent to ∼3 mm Al allowing efficient diagnosis. The incorporation of EgMA within polymerizable formulations provides a novel approach to prepare reinforced resin composite material for intracanal post cementation and core build-up and the potential to impart antibacterial properties of eugenol to endodontic restorations. Copyright © 2015 Academy of Dental Materials. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Multi-layer concept for containments in an integrated construction method by using steel composite building block modules
Friedrich, F.
Containments consisting of steel modules have been developed as an alternative design and solution to the double shell containments comprising two separate structures. The combination of different reinforcement layers of steel plates and round reinforcing bars in one cross section provides a high loadbearing capacity. The multiple utilization of the steel plates in the composite section as formwork in the construction state and as reinforcement and liner in the operation or damage/failure states, respectively, yields a number of advantages. The main effect is being achieved due to the high degree of prefabrication and completion (finishing) of the steel modules and the reduction of expenditure on the job site connected with same. (orig.)
Principles of building and assembly technology of containment from steel structural blocks for WWER 1000 nuclear power plant
Eichstedt, J.; Friedrich, F.
This technology is being developed in cooperation between the USSR and the GDR. The cylindrical part of the containment consists of prefabricated double-sided steel blocks with inner reinforcement. The steel plates in a thickness of 20 mm provide casing and secure tightness. Blocks with one steel wall are used for the construction of the cupola. The outer slabs are assembled subsequently. The methods of assembly, concreting and quality assurance are described. (Ha)
Analysis of Gamma Dose Rate Caused by Corrosion Products inside the Containment Building of Yonngwang Nuclear Power Plant Unit 3 During Shutdown Period
Ha, Wi Ho; Kim, Jae Cheon; Kim, Soon Young; Kim, Jong Kyung [Hanyang Univ., Seoul (Korea, Republic of)
Occupational radiation exposure(ORE) of nuclear power plant(NPP) workers mainly occurs during the shutdown period. Major radioactive sources are the corrosion products released from the reactor coolant system(RCS). The corrosion products consist of circulating crud and deposited crud. Major radioactive corrosion products, {sup 58}Co and {sup 60}Co, are known to contribute approximately more than 70% of the total ORE. In this study, the corrosion products regarding cobalt were evaluated during the shutdown period, and gamma dose rates caused by them were calculated at the main working area inside the containment building of the Yonggwang NPP Unit 3.
Long-Term Behaviors of the OPC Concrete with Fly-ash and Type V Concrete Applied on Reactor Containment Building
Yoon, Eui Sik; Lee, Hee Taik; Paek, Yong Lak; Park, Young Soo
The prestressed concrete has been used extensively in the construction of Reactor Containment Buildings (RCBs) in Korea in order to strengthen the RCBs and at the same time, prevent the release of radiation due to the Design Basis Accident and Design Basis Earthquake. It is well known that the prestressed concrete loses its prestressing force over the age, and the shrinkage and creep of the concrete significantly contributes to these long term prestressing losses. In this study, an evaluations of long term behaviors of the concrete such as creep and shrinkage have been performed for two types of concretes : Ordinary Portland Cement containing fly-ash used for the Shin- Kori 1 and 2 NPP and Type V cement used for the Ul- Chin 5 and 6 NPP
Yoon, Eui Sik; Lee, Hee Taik; Paek, Yong Lak [Korea Institute of Nuclear Safety, Daejeon (Korea, Republic of); Park, Young Soo [Korea Hydro and Nuclear Power Co., Busan (Korea, Republic of)
Separate effects testing to investigate liner tearing of the 1:6-scale reinforced concrete containment building
Spletzer, B.L.; Lambert, L.D.
The US Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) is investigating the performance of containments subject to severe accidents. This work is being performed by Sandia National Laboratories (SNL). In 1987, a 1:6-scale Reinforced Concrete Containment (RCC) model was tested to failure. The failure mode was a liner tear. As a result, a separate effects test program has been conducted to investigate liner tearing. This paper discusses the design of test specimens and the results of the testing. The post-test examination of the 1:6-scale RCC model revealed that the large tear was not an isolated event. Other small tears in similar locations were also discovered. All tears occurred near the insert-to-liner transition which is also the region of closest stud spacing. Also, all tears propagated vertically, in response to the hoop strain. Finally, all tears were adjacent to a row of studs. The tears point to a mechanism which could involve the liner/insert transition, the liner anchorage, and the material properties. The separate effects tests investigated these effects. The program included the design of three types of specimens with each simulating some features of the 1:6-scale RCC model. The specimens were instrumented using strain gages and photoelastic materials
Two-dimensional nonlinear analysis of steel linear and anchorage systems for post-tensioned concrete containment buildings
Wedellsborg, B.W.
This paper presents a two-dimensional nonlinear analysis method applicable to floor, wall, and containment dome liner analysis for continuous line anchor liner systems. The procedure initially involve obtaining the strain input data for each load case at each liner panel from available load data. This load input is then mapped for the entire liner, and an optimum pattern of inward deflected liner panels is then selected for each particular load case in order to obtain maximum liner system response. In-plane axial and shear sresses are calculated at critical points, and safety factors based on ASME Section III Division 2 Criteria against postulated and actually observed failure modes are evaluated. Modifications on the ASME criteria on safety factors based on biaxial strain capacity are proposed. The method has been used for analyzing an actual containment liner system with welded continuous orthogonal line anchors. Complete two-dimensional liner displacement and stress response were obtained and mapped for each load case. The response indicated the existence of several potential high stress regions in the dome and wall liners, and new types of response modes were predicted. (orig./HP)
In-depth analysis of eight criteria for integrated leakage rate tests for nuclear power plant containment buildings
Wagner, W.T.; Langan, J.P.; Norris, W.F.; Lurie, D.
A U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) Small Business Innovation research (SBIR) Contract investigated ten integrated leakage rate test (ILRT) analysis models which have been proposed for evaluation of ILRT data. This contract involved in-depth analysis of two ILRTs with data collected at accelerated rates and 80 conventional ILRTs with data collected at a frequency between 10-15 minutes. All ten methods were applied to all data. The study considered the appropriateness of each method to analyze containment data (air mass versus time), the influence of data collection frequency on ILRT duration, and the influence of collection frequency on each method. The study is described in the paper. Results are presented
Building flexibility into the design of a pilot plant for the immobilisation of Pu containing residues and wastes
Scales, C R; Maddrell, E R [NNL, Havelock Rd, Workington, CA14 3YQ (United Kingdom); Hobbs, J; Stephen, R [Sellafield Ltd, Sellafield, CA20 1 PG (United Kingdom); Moricca, S; Stewart, M W A [ANSTO, New Illawara Road, Lucas Heights 2234 (Australia)
NNL and ANSTO on behalf of Sellafield Ltd have developed a process for the immobilisation of a range of Pu containing wastes and residues. Following the inactive demonstration of the technology the project is now focusing on the design of an active pilot plant capable of validating the technology and ultimately immobilising a waste inventory containing around 100 kg plutonium. The diverse wastes from which it is uneconomic to recover Pu, require a flexible process with a wide product envelope capable of producing a wasteform suitable for disposal in a UK repository. Ceramics, glass ceramics and metal encapsulated waste-forms can be delivered by the process line which incorporates size reduction and heat treatment techniques with the aim of feeding a hot isostatic pressing process designed to deliver the highly durable waste-forms. Following a demonstration of feasibility, flowsheet development is progressing to support the design which has the aim of a fully flexible facility based in NNL's Central Laboratory on the Sellafield site. Optimisation of the size reduction, mixing and blending operations is being carried out using UO{sub 2} as a surrogate for PuO{sub 2}. This work is supporting the potential of using an enhanced glass ceramic formulation in place of the full ceramic with the aim of simplifying glove box operations. Heat treatment and subsequent HIPing strategies are being explored in order to eliminate any carbon from the feeds without increasing the valence state of the uranium present in some of the inventory which can result in an unwanted increase in wasteform volumes. The HIP and ancillary systems are being specifically designed to meet the requirements of the Sellafield site and within the constraints of the NNL Central Laboratory. The HIP is being configured to produce consolidated product cans consistent with the requirements of ongoing storage and disposal. With the aim of one cycle per day, the facility will deliver its mission of
Feasibility study of the IE-SASW method for nondestructive evaluation of containment building structures in nuclear power plants
Kim, D.S. E-mail: dskim@kaist.ac.kr; Kim, H.W. E-mail: hwk@kaist.ac.kr; Seo, W.S.; Choi, K.C.; Woo, S.K
The IE-SASW method, a combination of impact-echo (IE) acoustics with spectral analysis of surface waves (SASW), is proposed as a newly developed nondestructive testing method in concrete structures. This feasibility study examines the IE technique and uses elastic P-wave velocity data as measured from the SASW method on concrete members in nuclear power plant containment structures. It was shown that both the thickness of the concrete specimens used in this study and the depth of the introduced defects (i.e. voids) could be identified by the IE-SASW method. In contrast, the reinforced steel bar itself could not be identified by the IE-SASW method. Additionally, GPR (ground penetrating radar) techniques were used to examine the same specimens in order to establish some level of performance and reliability to compare with the performance of the IE-SASW method. The GPR method provides an objective and reliable image corresponding to the reinforced steel bars. The experimental studies show that it is more feasible to use the IE-SASW method rather than GPR to detect voids that were positioned beneath the steel reinforcing bars in the concrete specimens.
Numerical modelling of the processes in the WWER-1000 containment building during cold leg LOCA using the CONTEMPT-LT/026 code
Kolev, N.I.; Sybotinov, L.S.
The CONTEMPT-LT/026 code has been used to produce numerical results for the processes in a WWER-1000 containment building during cold leg LOCA with break at the reactor vessel. The objective of the analysis is to estimate the maximal loads on the containment in case of LOCA. Available design data for the geometry and for the operational characteristics of the low-pressure ECC system and the sprinkler system have been used. Boundary conditions such as mass flow and enthalpies at the breach are given by a RELAP4/MOD6 computation. Hydrogen explosions in the containment are not considered. It is found that in case of normal functioning of the low-pressure ECC system the maximal pressure is 3,26±0,44 bar. In the case of malfunctioning of the low-pressure ECC system, the predicted maximal pressure is 4±0,44 bar, when: a) only 50% of the heat transfer surface of the heat exchanger is effectively used due to pollution; b) the main pipeline of the sprinkler is broken; c) the pipeline to the heat exchanger is partially broken so that the mass flow through the exchanger is only 50% of the nominal; and d) ECC low-pressure ECC system attains its maximal efficiency within 3 min, the predicted maximal pressure is 4±0,44 bar
Investigation of conditions inside the reactor building annulus of a PWR plant of KONVOI type in case of severe accidents with increased containment leakages
Bakalov, Ivan [Gesellschaft fuer Anlagen- und Reaktorsicherheit (GRS) gGmbH, Berlin (Germany); Sonnenkalb, Martin [Gesellschaft fuer Anlagen- und Reaktorsicherheit (GRS) gGmbH, Koeln (Germany)
Improvements of the implemented severe accident management (SAM) concepts have been done in all operating German NPPs after the Fukushima Daiichi accidents following recommendations of the German Reactor Safety Commission (RSK) and as a result of the stress test being performed. The efficiency of newly developed severe accident management guidelines (SAMG) for a PWR KONVOI reference plant related to the mitigation of challenging conditions inside the reactor building (RB) annulus due to increased containment leakages during severe accidents have been assessed. Based on two representative severe accident scenarios the releases of both hydrogen and radionuclides into the RB annulus have been predicted with different boundary conditions. The accident scenarios have been analysed without and with the impact of several SAM measures (already planned or proposed in addition), which turned out to be efficient to mitigate the consequences. The work was done within the frame of a research project financially supported by the Federal Ministry BMUB.
Bakalov, Ivan; Sonnenkalb, Martin
Establishment of the evaluation method of the tendon effective stress in the containment building and the concrete material nonlinear model(II)
Chung, Chul Hun; Park, Jae Gyun; Kim, Jong Suk; Yun, Yeon Suk; Kim, Se Hun; Chung, Dong Jin
To elevate the structural integrity of the NPP containment building more rigorously, the effective prestress, which is one of the most affecting elements, needs to be estimated exactly. In the second year study, we evaluated the proposed effective prestress measuring method which uses pressure decreasing technique through experiments. It is possible to improve the effective prestress measuring method by test beam, which is being applied for the investigation of the Nuclear Power Plant in operation. We performed a finite element analysis to evaluate the effect of the prestress loss of the tendon to the behavior of the structure. According to the results, the effect of the prestress loss of the vertical and circumventive tendon to some level in the confinement building was analyzed. Another requirement for te rigorous evaluation of the structural soundness is the fast and exact analysis of structural responses under such extreme loads as earthquakes. To achieve this goal, we need analysis models that can describe nonlinear behavior of each material well. In this second year, based on the analysis results during first year, we propose a guideline for the concrete modeling via ABAQUS, a multi-purpose finite element analysis program, and perform static and dynamic analyses
Laboratory Building
Herrera, Joshua M. [Sandia National Lab. (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)
This report is an analysis of the means of egress and life safety requirements for the laboratory building. The building is located at Sandia National Laboratories (SNL) in Albuquerque, NM. The report includes a prescriptive-based analysis as well as a performance-based analysis. Following the analysis are appendices which contain maps of the laboratory building used throughout the analysis. The top of all the maps is assumed to be north.
Town of Cary, North Carolina — Explore real estate information about buildings in the Town of Cary.This file is created by the Town of Cary GIS Group. It contains data from both the Wake, Chatham...
Radio-contaminant behaviour in the cover-gas space and the containment building of a sodium-cooled fast reactor in accident conditions
Mathe, Emmanuel
In the context of the Generation IV initiative, the consequences of a severe-accident (SA) in a sodium-cooled fast reactor must be studied. A SFR (Sodium cooled Fast Reactor) severe accident involves the disruption of the core by super-criticality involving the destruction of a certain number of fuel assemblies. Subsequently the interaction between hot fuel and liquid sodium can lead to a vapor explosion which could create a breach in the primary system. Some contaminated liquid sodium would thus be ejected into the containment building. In this situation, the evaluation of potential releases to the environment (the source term) must forecast the quantity and the chemical speciation of the radio-contaminants likely to be released from the containment building. One critical risk of a SA is the production of contaminated aerosols in the containment building by spray ejection of primary-system sodium. Being pyrophoric, the sodium droplets react with oxygen first oxidizing then burning, with significant heat of combustion. As well as evaluating the consequences of a pressure rise inside the containment, the evolution of the sodium must be assessed since not only is it activated and contaminated but, in oxide form, very toxic. Ultimately, the aerosols are the main radiological risk acting as the vector for radionuclide transport to the environment in the event of a problem with the confinement. These aerosols could evolve and interact with the FP (Fissile Products) and these interactions could modify the physical and chemical nature of the PF. We model a large part of the events that occur during a SA inside a SFR from the sodium spray fire to the reaction between sodium aerosols and PF (iodine). At first, we develop a numerical model (NATRAC) that simulates the sodium spray fire, calculates the temperature and the pressure inside the containment as well as the mass of aerosols produced during this kind of fire. The simulation has been validated with different
Mononuclear, trinuclear, and hetero-trinuclear supramolecular complexes containing a new tri-sulfonate ligand and cobalt(II)/copper(II)-(1,10-phenanthroline)2 building blocks
Yu Yunfang; Wei Yongqin; Broer, Ria; Sa Rongjian; Wu Kechen
Novel mononuclear, trinuclear, and hetero-trinuclear supermolecular complexes, [Co(phen) 2 (H 2 O)(HTST)].2H 2 O (1), [Co 3 (phen) 6 (H 2 O) 2 (TST) 2 ].7H 2 O (2), and [Co 2 Cu(phen) 6 (H 2 O) 2 (TST) 2 ].10H 2 O (3), have been synthesized by the reactions of a new tri-sulfonate ligand (2,4,6-tris(4-sulfophenylamino)-1,3,5-triazine, H 3 TST) with the M 2+ (M=Co, Cu) and the second ligand 1,10-phenanthroline (phen). Complex 1 contains a cis-Co(II)(phen) 2 building block and an HTST as monodentate ligand; complex 2 consists of two TST as bidentate ligands connecting one trans- and two cis-Co(II)(phen) 2 building blocks; complex 3 is formed by replacing the trans-Co(II)(phen) 2 in 2 with a trans-Cu(II)(phen) 2 , which is the first reported hetero-trinuclear supramolecular complex containing both the Co(II)(phen) 2 and Cu(II)(phen) 2 as building blocks. The study shows the flexible multifunctional self-assembly capability of the H 3 TST ligands presenting in these supramolecular complexes through coordinative, H-bonding and even π-π stacking interactions. The photoluminescent optical properties of these complexes are also investigated and discussed as well as the second-order nonlinear optical properties of 1. - Graphical abstract: Novel mononuclear, trinuclear, and hetero-trinuclear supermolecular complexes, [Co(phen) 2 (H 2 O)(HTST)].2H 2 O (1), [Co 3 (phen) 6 (H 2 O) 2 (TST) 2 ].7H 2 O (2), and [Co 2 Cu(phen) 6 (H 2 O) 2 (TST) 2 ].10H 2 O (3), have been synthesized by the reactions of a new tri-sulfonate ligand (2,4,6-tris(4-sulfophenylamino)-1,3,5-triazine, H 3 TST) with the M 2+ (M=Co, Cu) and the second ligand 1,10-phenanthroline (phen). The study shows the flexible multifunctional self-assembly capability of H 3 TST ligand presenting in these supramolecular complexes
Reactor building
Ebata, Sakae.
At least one valve rack is disposed in a reactor building, on which pipeways to a main closure valve, valves and bypasses of turbines are placed and contained. The valve rack is fixed to the main body of the building or to a base mat. Since the reactor building is designed as class A earthquake-proofness and for maintaining the S 1 function, the valve rack can be fixed to the building main body or to the base mat. With such a constitution, the portions for maintaining the S 1 function are concentrated to the reactor building. As a result, the dispersion of structures of earthquake-proof portion corresponding to the reference earthquake vibration S 1 can be prevented. Accordingly, the conditions for the earthquake-proof design of the turbine building and the turbine/electric generator supporting rack are defined as only the class B earthquake-proof design conditions. In view of the above, the amount of building materials can be saved and the time for construction can be shortened. (I.S.)
Water-soluble building blocks for terpyridine-containing supramolecular polymers : synthesis, complexation, and pH stability studies of poly(ethylene oxide) moieties
Lohmeijer, B.G.G.; Schubert, U.S.
Poly(ethylene oxide) of various molecular weights ([bar M ]n = 3 000, 5 200, 10 000, 16 500 g · mol-1) has been modified with terpyridine end groups as building blocks for water-soluble metallo-supramolecular polymers. Metallo-supramolecular A-A homopolymers have been prepared and characterized by
Dutch Building Decree
Scholten, N.P.M.
On the 1 October 1992 a change in the Dutch building legislation took effect: the revised Housing Act, the Building Decree and the technical documents related to this legislation came into force. This publication contains an English translation of the Building Decree. In order to give an idea of the
Physico-chemical aspects of radionuclide removal under accident conditions in nuclear power plants by means of containment-building spray systems
Alm, M.
A survey is given on industrial spray solutions, their thermal and radiation stability, drop effects, and the corrosion behaviour of reactor and containment materials. From the hitherto known spray experiments it may be concluded that (1) spray solutions can be used for the effective decontamination of the containment atmosphere in the event of a loss-of-coolant accident, (2) the spray efficiency for the removal of gaseous and volatile fission products can be assessed by means of simplified model considerations, (3) further work is necessary to optimize the technology of the spray process. (author)
Replacement of the feedwater pipe system in reactor building outside containment at the nuclear power plant Philippsburg; Austausch der Speisewasserleitung im Reaktorgebaeude ausserhalb SHB im Kernkraftwerk Philippsburg I
Kessler, A. [Energie-Versorgung Schwaben AG, Stuttgart (Germany); Labes, M. [Siemens AG Unternehmensbereich KWU, Offenbach am Main (Germany); Schwenk, B. [Kernkraftwerk Philippsburg GmbH (Germany)
After full replacement of the feedwater pipe system during the inspection period in 1997, combined with a modern materials, manufacturing and analysis concept, the entire pipe system of the water/steam cycle in the reactor building of KKP 1 now consists of high-toughness materials. The safety level of the entire plant has been increased by leaving aside postulation of F2 breaks in the reactor building and providing for protection against 0.1 leaks. Based on fluid-dynamic calculations for the cases of pump failure and pipe break, as well as pipe system calculations in 5 extensive calculation cycles, about 130 documents were filed for inspection and approval (excluding preliminary test documents on restraints). Points of main interest for safety analysis in this context were the optimised closing performance of the 3rd check valves and the integrity of the nozzle region at the RPV. (oirg./CB) [Deutsch] Durch den Restaustausch der Speisewasserleitungen in der Revision 1997, verbunden mit einem modernen Werkstoff-, Fertigungs- und Nachweiskonzept, sind im Reaktorgebaeude von KKP 1 in den Hauptleitungen des Wasser-Dampf-Kreislaufes nur noch hochzaehe Werkstoffe eingesetzt. Durch den Verzicht auf das Postulat von 2F-Bruechen im Reaktorgebaeude und durch die Auslegung gegen 0,1F-Lecks wird das Sicherheitsniveau der Anlage insgesamt gesteigert. Ausgehend von fluiddynamischen Berechnungen fuer Pumpenausfall und Rohrbruch sowie Rohrsystem-Berechnungen in 5 umfangreichen Berechnungskreisen wurden fuer die Genehmigung und Begutachtung ca. 130 Unterlagen (ohne Halterungs-Vorpruefunterlagen) eingereicht und vom Gutachter geprueft. Schwerpunkte der Nachweisfuehrung waren die Optimierung des Schliessverhaltens der 3. Rueckschlagarmaturen sowie der Integritaetsnachweis des RDB-Anschlusses. (orig./MM)
Nuclear reactor containment device
Ichiki, Tadaharu.
Purpose: To reduce the volume of a containment shell and decrease the size of a containment equipment for BWR type reactors by connecting the containment shell and a suppression pool with slanted vent tubes to thereby shorten the vent tubes. Constitution: A pressure vessel containing a reactor core is installed at the center of a building and a containment vessel for the nuclear reactor that contains the pressure vessel forms a cabin. To a building situated below the containment shell, is provided a suppression chamber in which cooling water is charged to form a suppression pool. The suppression pool is communicated with vent tubes that pass through the partition wall of the containment vessel. The vent tubes are slanted and their lower openings are immersed in coolants. Therefore, if accident is resulted and fluid at high temperature and high pressure is jetted from the pressure vessel, the jetting fluid is injected and condensated in the cooling water. (Moriyama, K.)
Allegheny County Building Footprint Locations
Allegheny County / City of Pittsburgh / Western PA Regional Data Center — This dataset contains photogrammetrically compiled roof outlines of buildings. All near orthogonal corners are square. Buildings that are less than 400 square feet...
Municipal Building Energy Usage
Allegheny County / City of Pittsburgh / Western PA Regional Data Center — This data set contains energy use data from 2009-2014 for 139 municipally operated buildings. Metrics include: Site & Source EUI, annual electricity, natural...
Building Languages
... Glossary Contact Information Information For… Media Policy Makers Building Languages Recommend on Facebook Tweet Share Compartir Communicating ... any speech and only very loud sounds. Close × “Building Blocks� “Building Blocks� refers to the different skills ...
Development of Safety Enhancement Technology Containment Building
Woo, S.K.; Song, Y.C. [Korea Electric Power Research Institute, Taejon (Korea)
This study is to develop the nondestructive testing method for the detection of internal defects and thickness of concrete using IE(Impact Echo)-SASW(Spectral Analysis of Surface Wave). (author). 20 refs., 24 figs., 8 tabs.
Extraordinary Separation of Acetylene-Containing Mixtures with Microporous Metal-Organic Frameworks with Open O Donor Sites and Tunable Robustness through Control of the Helical Chain Secondary Building Units
KAUST Repository
Yao, Zizhu; Zhang, Zhangjing; Liu, Lizhen; Li, Ziyin; Zhou, Wei; Zhao, Yunfeng; Han, Yu; Chen, Banglin; Krishna, Rajamani; Xiang, Shengchang
Acetylene separation is a very important but challenging industrial separation task. Here, through the solvothermal reaction of CuI and 5-triazole isophthalic acid in different solvents, two metal-organic frameworks (MOFs, FJU-21 and FJU-22) with open O donor sites and controllable robustness have been obtained for acetylene separation. They contain the same paddle-wheel {Cu2(COO2)4} nodes and metal-ligand connection modes, but with different helical chains as secondary building units (SBUs), leading to different structural robustness for the MOFs. FJU-21 and FJU-22 are the first examples in which the MOFs' robustness is controlled by adjusting the helical chain SBUs. Good robustness gives the activated FJU-22 a, which has higher surface area and gas uptakes than the flexible FJU-21 a. Importantly, FJU-22 a shows extraordinary separation of acetylene mixtures under ambient conditions. The separation capacity of FJU-22 a for 50:50 C2H2/CO2 mixtures is about twice that of the high-capacity HOF-3, and its actual separation selectivity for C2H2/C2H4 mixtures containing 1 % acetylene is the highest among reported porous materials. Based on first-principles calculations, the extraordinary separation performance of C2H2 for FJU-22 a was attributed to hydrogen-bonding interactions between the C2H2 molecules with the open O donors on the wall, which provide better recognition ability for C2H2 than other functional sites, including open metal sites and amino groups. © 2016 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.
Yao, Zizhu
Acetylene separation is a very important but challenging industrial separation task. Here, through the solvothermal reaction of CuI and 5-triazole isophthalic acid in different solvents, two metal-organic frameworks (MOFs, FJU-21 and FJU-22) with open O donor sites and controllable robustness have been obtained for acetylene separation. They contain the same paddle-wheel {Cu2(COO2)4} nodes and metal-ligand connection modes, but with different helical chains as secondary building units (SBUs), leading to different structural robustness for the MOFs. FJU-21 and FJU-22 are the first examples in which the MOFs\\' robustness is controlled by adjusting the helical chain SBUs. Good robustness gives the activated FJU-22 a, which has higher surface area and gas uptakes than the flexible FJU-21 a. Importantly, FJU-22 a shows extraordinary separation of acetylene mixtures under ambient conditions. The separation capacity of FJU-22 a for 50:50 C2H2/CO2 mixtures is about twice that of the high-capacity HOF-3, and its actual separation selectivity for C2H2/C2H4 mixtures containing 1 % acetylene is the highest among reported porous materials. Based on first-principles calculations, the extraordinary separation performance of C2H2 for FJU-22 a was attributed to hydrogen-bonding interactions between the C2H2 molecules with the open O donors on the wall, which provide better recognition ability for C2H2 than other functional sites, including open metal sites and amino groups. © 2016 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.
Brad Oberg
IBACOS researched the constructability and viability issues of using high performance windows as one component of a larger approach to building houses that achieve the Building America 70% energy savings target.
Building calculations
Jensen, Bjarne Christian; Hansen, Svend Ole
Textbook on design of large panel building including rules on robustness and a method for producing the Statical documentattion......Textbook on design of large panel building including rules on robustness and a method for producing the Statical documentattion...
Solar building
Zhang, Luxin
In my thesis I describe the utilization of solar energy and solar energy with building integration. In introduction it is also mentioned how the solar building works, trying to make more people understand and accept the solar building. The thesis introduces different types of solar heat collectors. I compared the difference two operation modes of solar water heating system and created examples of solar water system selection. I also introduced other solar building applications. It is conv...
CSIR Research Space (South Africa)
Gibberd, Jeremy T
Full Text Available for use in the building. This is done through photovoltaic and solar water heating panels and wind turbines. Ideally these are integrated in the design of the building envelope to improve the aesthetic quality of the building and minimise material... are naturally ventilated. Renewable energy The building envelope includes renewable energy generation such as photovoltaics, wind turbines and solar water heaters and 10% of the building’s energy requirements are generated from these sources. Views All...
Auxiliary buildings
Lakner, I.; Lestyan, E.
The nuclear power station represents a complicated and a particular industrial project. Consequently, the design of the auxiliary buildings serving the power station (offices, kitchen, refreshment room, workshops, depots, water treatment plant building, boiler houses, etc.) requires more attention than usual. This chapter gives a short survey of the auxiliary buildings already completed and discusses the problems of their design, location and structure. (author)
Den Ouden, C.; Steemers, T.C.
This is the first volume of Building 2000, a pilot project of the Commission's R and D-programme 'Solar Energy Applications to Buildings' with the purpose of encouraging the adoption of solar architecture in large buildings. In this first rich illustrated volume the results of the design studies illustrating passive solar architecture in buildings in the European Community are presented in particular for the building categories as mentioned in the subtitle. In a second volume, a similar series of studies is presented for the building categories: office buildings, public buildings and hotels and holiday complexes. Several Design Support Workshops were organized during the Building 2000 programme during which Building 2000 design teams could directly exchange ideas with the various design advice experts represented at these workshops. In the second part of the Building 2000 final report a summary of a selection of many reports is presented (15 papers), as produced by Design Support experts. Most of the design support activities resulted in changes of the various designs, as have been reported by the design teams in the brochures presented in the first part of this book. It is to be expected that design aids and simulation tools for passive solar options, daylighting concepts, comfort criteria etc., will be utilized more frequently in the future. This will result in a better exchange of information between the actual design practitioners and the European R and D community. This technology transfer will result in buildings with a higher quality with respect to energy and environmental issues
Den Ouden, C [EGM Engineering BV, Dordrecht (Netherlands); Steemers, T C [Commission of the European Communities, Brussels (Belgium)
This is the first volume of Building 2000, a pilot project of the Commission's R and D-programme 'Solar Energy Applications to Buildings' with the purpose of encouraging the adoption of solar architecture in large buildings. In this first rich illustrated volume the results of the design studies illustrating passive solar architecture in buildings in the European Community are presented in particular for the building categories as mentioned in the subtitle. In a second volume, a similar series of studies is presented for the building categories: office buildings, public buildings and hotels and holiday complexes. Several Design Support Workshops were organized during the Building 2000 programme during which Building 2000 design teams could directly exchange ideas with the various design advice experts represented at these workshops. In the second part of the Building 2000 final report a summary of a selection of many reports is presented (15 papers), as produced by Design Support experts. Most of the design support activities resulted in changes of the various designs, as have been reported by the design teams in the brochures presented in the first part of this book. It is to be expected that design aids and simulation tools for passive solar options, daylighting concepts, comfort criteria etc., will be utilized more frequently in the future. This will result in a better exchange of information between the actual design practitioners and the European R and D community. This technology transfer will result in buildings with a higher quality with respect to energy and environmental issues.
Steel containment buckling
Butler, T.A.; Baker, W.E.
Two aspects of buckling of a free-standing nuclear containment building were investigated in a combined experimental and analytical program. In the first part of the study, the response of a scale model of a containment building to dynamic base excitation is investigated. A simple harmonic signal was used for preliminary studies followed by experiments with scaled earthquake signals as the excitation source. The experiments and accompanying analyses indicate that the scale model response to earthquake-type excitations is very complex and that current analytical methods may require that a dynamic capacity reduction factor be incorporated. The second part of the study quantified the effects of framing at large penetrations on the static buckling capacity of scale model containments. Results show little effect from the framing for the scale models constructed from the polycarbonate, Lexan. However, additional studies with a model constructed of the prototypic steel material are recommended. (orig.)
Two aspects of buckling of a free-standing nuclear steel containment building were investigated in a combined experimental and analytical program. In the first part of the study, the response of a scale model of a containment building to dynamic base excitation is investigated. A simple harmonic signal was used for preliminary studies followed by experiments with scaled earthquake signals as the excitation source. The experiments and accompanying analyses indicate that the scale model response to earthquake-type excitations is very complex and that current analytical methods may require a dynamic capacity reduction factor to be incorporated. The second part of the study quantified the effects of framing at large penetrations on the static buckling capacity of scale model containments. Results show little effect from the framing for the scale models constructed from the polycarbonate, Lexan. However, additional studies with a model constructed of the prototypic steel material are suggested
Maruyama, Toru; Murata, Ritsuko.
In the present invention, a spent fuel storage pool of a BWR type reactor is formed at an upper portion and enlarged in the size to effectively utilize the space of the building. Namely, a reactor chamber enhouses reactor facilities including a reactor pressure vessel and a reactor container, and further, a spent fuel storage pool is formed thereabove. A second spent fuel storage pool is formed above the auxiliary reactor chamber at the periphery of the reactor chamber. The spent fuel storage pool and the second spent fuel storage pool are disposed in adjacent with each other. A wall between both of them is formed vertically movable. With such a constitution, the storage amount for spent fuels is increased thereby enabling to store the entire spent fuels generated during operation period of the plant. Further, since requirement of the storage for the spent fuels is increased stepwisely during periodical exchange operation, it can be used for other usage during the period when the enlarged portion is not used. (I.S.)
LHCb Dockerized Build Environment
Clemencic, M.; Belin, M.; Closier, J.; Couturier, B.
Used as lightweight virtual machines or as enhanced chroot environments, Linux containers, and in particular the Docker abstraction over them, are more and more popular in the virtualization communities. The LHCb Core Software team decided to investigate how to use Docker containers to provide stable and reliable build environments for the different supported platforms, including the obsolete ones which cannot be installed on modern hardware, to be used in integration builds, releases and by any developer. We present here the techniques and procedures set up to define and maintain the Docker images and how these images can be used to develop on modern Linux distributions for platforms otherwise not accessible.
Development of 3D models of buildings for containment of the nuclear power plant of Almaraz and of the Trillo Nuclear with the GOTHIC 8.0 code; Desarrollo de modelos 3D de los edificios de conten cion de la Central Nuclear de Almaraz y de la Central Nuclear de Trillo con el codigo GOTHIC 8.0
Shielding container
Darling, K.A.M.
A shielding container incorporates a dense shield, for example of depleted uranium, cast around a tubular member of curvilinear configuration for accommodating a radiation source capsule. A lining for the tubular member, in the form of a close-coiled flexible guide, provides easy replaceability to counter wear while the container is in service. Container life is extended, and maintenance costs are reduced. (author)
This is the second volume of Building 2000, a pilot project of the Commission's R and D-programme 'Solar Energy Applications to Buildings' with the purpose of encouraging the adoption of solar architecture in large buildings. In this second rich illustrated volume the results of the design studies illustrating passive solar architecture in buildings in the European Community are presented in particular for the building categories as mentioned in the subtitle. In the first volume, a similar series of studies is presented for the building categories: schools, laboratories and universities, and sports and educational centres. Several Design Support Workshops were organized during the Building 2000 programme during which Building 2000 design teams could directly exchange ideas with the various design advice experts represented at these workshops. In the second part of the Building 2000 final report a summary of a selection of many reports is presented (11 papers), as produced by Design Support experts. Most of the design support activities resulted in changes of the various designs, as have been reported by the design teams in the brochures presented in the first part of this book. It is to be expected that design aids and simulation tools for passive solar options, daylighting concepts, comfort criteria etc., will be utilized more frequently in the future. This will result in a better exchange of information between the actual design practitioners and the European R and D community. This technology transfer will result in buildings with a higher quality with respect to energy and environmental issues
This is the second volume of Building 2000, a pilot project of the Commission's R and D-programme 'Solar Energy Applications to Buildings' with the purpose of encouraging the adoption of solar architecture in large buildings. In this second rich illustrated volume the results of the design studies illustrating passive solar architecture in buildings in the European Community are presented in particular for the building categories as mentioned in the subtitle. In the first volume, a similar series of studies is presented for the building categories: schools, laboratories and universities, and sports and educational centres. Several Design Support Workshops were organized during the Building 2000 programme during which Building 2000 design teams could directly exchange ideas with the various design advice experts represented at these workshops. In the second part of the Building 2000 final report a summary of a selection of many reports is presented (11 papers), as produced by Design Support experts. Most of the design support activities resulted in changes of the various designs, as have been reported by the design teams in the brochures presented in the first part of this book. It is to be expected that design aids and simulation tools for passive solar options, daylighting concepts, comfort criteria etc., will be utilized more frequently in the future. This will result in a better exchange of information between the actual design practitioners and the European R and D community. This technology transfer will result in buildings with a higher quality with respect to energy and environmental issues.
Reactor container
Ichiki, Tadaharu; Saba, Kazuhisa.
Purpose: To improve the earthquake resistance as well as reduce the size of a container for a nuclear reactor with no adverse effects on the decrease of impact shock to the container and shortening of construction step. Constitution: Reinforcing profile steel materials are welded longitudinally and transversely to the inner surface of a container, and inner steel plates are secured to the above profile steel materials while keeping a gap between the materials and the container. Reactor shielding wall planted to the base concrete of the container is mounted to the pressure vessel, and main steam pipeways secured by the transverse beams and led to the outside of container is connected. This can improve the rigidity earthquake strength and the safetiness against the increase in the inside pressure upon failures of the container. (Yoshino, Y.)
Naruse, Yoshihiro.
The thickness of steel shell plates in a reactor container embedded in sand cussions is monitored to recognize the corrosion of the steel shell plates. That is, the reactor pressure vessel is contained in a reactor container shell and the sand cussions are disposed on the lower outside of the reactor container shell to elastically support the shell. A pit is disposed at a position opposing to the sand cussions for measuring the thickness of the reactor container shell plates. The pit is usually closed by a closing member. In the reactor container thus constituted, the closing member can be removed upon periodical inspection to measure the thickness of the shell plates. Accordingly, the corrosion of the steel shell plates can be recognized by the change of the plate thickness. (I.S.)
A container
A container assembly for the containment of fluids or solids under a pressure different from the ambient pressure comprising a container (2) comprising an opening and an annular sealing, a lid (3) comprising a central portion (5) and engagement means (7) for engaging the annular flange, and sealing...... means (10) wherein the engagement means (7) is adapted, via the sealing means, to seal the opening when the pressure of the container assembly differs from the ambient pressure in such a way that the central portion (5) flexes in the axial direction which leads to a radial tightening of the engagement...... means (7) to the container, wherein the container further comprises locking means (12) that can be positioned so that the central portion is hindered from flexing in at least one direction....
Shielded container
Fries, B.A.
A shielded container for transportation of radioactive materials is disclosed in which leakage from the container is minimized due to constructional features including, inter alia, forming the container of a series of telescoping members having sliding fits between adjacent side walls and having at least two of the members including machine sealed lids and at least two of the elements including hand-tightenable caps
VT Locations of State of Vermont Buildings
Vermont Center for Geographic Information — (Link to Metadata) This data layer contains the locations of buildings/facilities owned and/or leased by the State of Vermont. Data was obtained from Buildings and...
Building a capacity building manual
Clinton, DD
Full Text Available Organizations 2010 Building a capacity building manual Daniel D. Clinton, Jr., P.E., F.NSPE Chair, WFEO Capacity Building Committee Dr Andrew Cleland, FIPENZ, Chief Executive, IPENZ, NZ Eng David Botha, FSAICE, Executive Director, SAICE, SA Dawit... 2010 Tertiary level University curricula Coaches and mentors Facilities EXCeeD Remuneration of Academics Experiential training Outreach to Students Students chapters Young members forum World Federation of Engineering Organizations 2010 Post...
Bellefonte primary containment structure
Olyniec, J.H.
Construction of the reactor building primary containment structure at the Bellefonte Nuclear Plant involved several specialized construction techniques. This two unit plant is one of the nine nuclear units at six different sites now under construction by the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA). The post-Tensioned, cast-in-place interior steel lined containment structure is unique within TVA. Problems during construction were identified at weekly planning meetings, and options were discussed. Close coordination between craft supervisors and on-site engineering personnel drew together ''hands-on''experience and technical background. Details of the construction techniques, problems, and solutions are presented
Fukazawa, Masanori.
A system for controlling combustible gases, it has been constituted at present such that the combustible gases are controlled by exhausting them to the wet well of a reactor container. In this system, however, there has been a problem, in a reactor container having plenums in addition to the wet well and the dry well, that the combustible gases in such plenums can not be controlled. In view of the above, in the present invention, suction ports or exhaust ports of the combustible gas control system are disposed to the wet well, the dry well and the plenums to control the combustible gases in the reactor container. Since this can control the combustible gases in the entire reactor container, the integrity of the reactor container can be ensured. (T.M.)
Building codes : obstacle or opportunity?
Alberto Goetzl; David B. McKeever
Building codes are critically important in the use of wood products for construction. The codes contain regulations that are prescriptive or performance related for various kinds of buildings and construction types. A prescriptive standard might dictate that a particular type of material be used in a given application. A performance standard requires that a particular...
Nuclear reactor building
Oshima, Nobuaki.
The secondary container in a nuclear reactor building is made of a transparent structure having a shielding performance such as lead glass, by which the inside of the secondary container can be seen without undergoing radiation exposure. In addition, an operator transportation facility capable of carrying about 5 to 10 operators at one time is disposed, and the side of the facility on the secondary container is constituted with a transparent material such as glass, to provide a structure capable of observing the inside of the secondary container. The ventilation and air conditioning in the operator's transportation facility is in communication with the atmosphere of a not-controlled area. Accordingly, operators at the outside of the reactor building can reach the operator's transportation facility without taking and procedures for entering the controlled area and without undergoing radiation exposure. The inside of the secondary container in the reactor building can be seen from various directions through the transparent structure having the shielding performance. (N.H.)
Reactor containment
Kawabe, Ryuhei; Yamaki, Rika.
A water vessel is disposed and the gas phase portion of the water vessel is connected to a reactor container by a pipeline having a valve disposed at the midway thereof. A pipe in communication with external air is extended upwardly from the liquid phase portion to a considerable height so as to resist against the back pressure by a waterhead in the pipeline. Accordingly, when the pressure in the container is reduced to a negative level, air passes through the pipeline and uprises through the liquid phase portion in the water vessel in the form of bubbles and then flows into the reactor container. When the pressure inside of the reactor goes higher, since the liquid surface in the water vessel is forced down, water is pushed up into the pipeline. Since the waterhead pressure of a column of water in the pipeline and the pressure of the reactor container are well-balanced, gases in the reactor container are not leaked to the outside. Further, in a case if a great positive pressure is formed in the reactor container, the inner pressure overcomes the waterhead of the column of water, so that the gases containing radioactive aerosol uprise in the pipeline. Since water and the gases flow being in contact with each other, this can provide the effect of removing aerosol. (T.M.)
Lee, Angelene M. (Inventor)
This invention relates to a system for use in disposing of potentially hazardous items and more particularly a Sharps receptacle for used hypodermic needles and the like. A Sharps container is constructed from lightweight alodined nonmagnetic metal material with a cup member having an elongated tapered shape and length greater than its transverse dimensions. A magnet in the cup member provides for metal retention in the container. A nonmagnetic lid member has an opening and spring biased closure flap member. The flap member is constructed from stainless steel. A Velcro patch on the container permits selective attachment at desired locations.
Substantiation of necessity and possibility to carry out activities for stabilization of internal building structures supporting fuel-containing materials in order to prevent its destruction entailed by extemal events
Rud'ko, V.M.; Sidorenko, N.V.; Batij, V.G.
An analysis of technical state of Shelter object (SO) internal building structures supporting FCM was made. A spatial calculated model was designed and its estimates were performed with stressed efforts on the end elements, end elements bending and replacement of its junction nodes. Calculated data obtained are designated to perform check calculations for bearing constructive elements with the goal to assess its reliability. The results of estimates of building structures reliability will be used to substantiate a necessity of its stabilization and preparation of proposal concerning realization of stabilization activities in the SO conditions. The analysis of main factors of radiation impact to the personnel, public, and environment in case of possible collapse of unstable building structures has been carried out
Building air exhaustion device
Suzuki, Seijiro.
An opening is formed on the side wall of a building such as of a nuclear power plant, and a blow out panel is held (supported) by a clip for closing the opening. A large-diameter pipeline is connected at one end to the opening so as to cover the blow out panel, and immersed at the other end in a pool water. When a pipeline such as of main steam pipelines is ruptured in the building, high temperature and high pressure coolants are flown out from the ruptured port, and the pressure in the building is elevated. The blow out panel falls off from the side of the building by the elevation of the pressure in the building. Steams or compressed air discharged from the opening is introduced to the pool through the large diameter pipeline, then the steams are condensed by the pool water and radioactive materials contained in the condensed steams are kept in the pool water. Radioactive materials contained in the released compression air are also removed into the pool water. (I.N.)
Building sustainability
Full Text Available particu- lar social environment also being awarded. If a building can be used by the community after hours, it should be awarded extra points.� School sports facilities or meeting halls in corporate buildings, are some example. Multi-purpose use..., architect and senior researcher for the CSIR’s Built Environment Unit, the integra- tion of sustainability in building design cannot begin soon enough before it is too late. He says: “Unfortunately nothing is in place in South Africa. For a start...
Cowan, James
This chapter summarizes and explains key concepts of building acoustics. These issues include the behavior of sound waves in rooms, the most commonly used rating systems for sound and sound control in buildings, the most common noise sources found in buildings, practical noise control methods for these sources, and the specific topic of office acoustics. Common noise issues for multi-dwelling units can be derived from most of the sections of this chapter. Books can be and have been written on each of these topics, so the purpose of this chapter is to summarize this information and provide appropriate resources for further exploration of each topic.
Kojima, Yoshihiro; Hosomi, Kenji; Otonari, Jun-ichiro.
In the present invention, a catalyst for oxidizing hydrogen to be disposed in a reactor container upon rupture of pipelines of a reactor primary coolant system is prevented from deposition of water droplets formed from a reactor container spray to suppress elevation of hydrogen concentration in the reactor container. Namely, a catalytic combustion gas concentration control system comprises a catalyst for oxidizing hydrogen and a support thereof. In addition, there is also disposed a water droplet deposition-preventing means for preventing deposition of water droplets in a reactor pressure vessel on the catalyst. Then, the effect of the catalyst upon catalytic oxidation reaction of hydrogen can be kept high. The local elevation of hydrogen concentration can be prevented even upon occurrence of such a phenomenon that various kinds of mobile forces in the container such as dry well cooling system are lost. (I.S.)
Model of the containment building of Almaraz NPP and the system of recombiners PARs, with the GOTHIC code, for the study of the diffusion of combustible gases; Modelo del edificio de contencion de C.N. Almaraz y del sistema de recombinadores PARs, con el codigo GOTHIC, para el estudio de la difusion de gases combustibles
Participation of C.N. Vandellos II as a pilot plant in the PWROG PA-ASC-1084 project about analysis and distribution of hydrogen in the containment buildings annexes; Participacion de C. N. Vandellos II como planta piloto en el proyecto del PWROG PA-ASC-1084 sobre analisis y distribucion del hidrogeno en edificios anexos a la Contencion
Fornos Herrando, J.
Fukushima accident has demonstrated that hydrogen outside the Containment building, due to its potential combustion or explosion, may result in loss of mitigation equipment, thus hindering the recovery of the plant. This reality has been treated in the framework of Stress Tests that are being developed at European level, and the Spanish nuclear power plants should evaluate this potential risk according to the specific design of each plant. The aim of this paper is to introduce this hydrogen problem and to present the main developments of the Vandellos II NPP experience as pilot plant in the project that PWROG is developing to analyze the potential risk of hydrogen in the Containment outbuildings.
User Driven Innovative Building Design
Christiansson, Per; Sørensen, Kristian Birch; Steffensen, K. G.
During recent years there has been an ever-increasing focus on the possibilities to change the building process to raise quality on the final building products as well as on the activities of actors involved in the building process. One reason for this interest is the new opportunities evolving due...... Space. In addition to these spaces there are supporting artifacts like Idea Bank and Good Story/Best Practice bank as well as Ontology containers and access to Communities of Practice and Interest. The project has so far validated the need for enhanced methods to involve end-users of buildings...
Deactivation of Building 7602
Yook, H.R.; Barnett, J.R.; Collins, T.L.
The Department of Energy (DOE) has sponsored research and development programs in Building 7602 at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) since 1984. This work focused on development of advanced technology for processing nuclear fuels. Building 7602 was used for engineering-scale tests using depleted and natural uranium to simulate the nuclear fuel. In April 1994 the DOE Office of Nuclear Energy (NE) sent supplemental FY 1994 guidance to ORNL stating that in FY 1995 and beyond, Building 7602 is considered surplus to NE programs and missions and shall be shut down (deactivated) and maintained in a radiologically and industrially safe condition with minimal surveillance and maintenance (S ampersand M). DOE-NE subsequently provided FY 1995 funding to support the deactivation activities. Deactivation of Building 7602 was initiated on October 1, 1994. The principal activity during the first quarter of FY 1995 was removal of process materials (chemicals and uranium) from the systems. The process systems were operated to achieve chemical solution concentrations needed for reuse or disposal of the solutions prior to removal of the materials from the systems. During this phase of deactivation the process materials processed and removed were: (1) Uranyl nitrate solution 30,178 L containing 4490 kg of uranium; (2) Nitric acid (neutralized) 9850 L containing less than 0.013 kg of uranium; (3) Organic solution 3346 L containing 265 kg of uranium; (4) Uranium oxide powder 95 kg; and (5) Miscellaneous chemicals. At the end of December 1994, the process systems and control systems were shut down and deactivated. Disposition of the process materials removed from the process systems in Building 7602 proved to be the most difficult part of the deactivation. An operational stand down and funding reductions at Y-12 prevented planned conversion of the uranyl nitrate solution to depleted uranium oxide powder. This led to disposal of the uranyl nitrate solution as waste
Competence Building
Borrás, Susana; Edquist, Charles
The main question that guides this paper is how governments are focusing (and must focus) on competence building (education and training) when designing and implementing innovation policies. With this approach, the paper aims at filling the gap between the existing literature on competences...... on the one hand, and the real world of innovation policy-making on the other, typically not speaking to each other. With this purpose in mind, this paper discusses the role of competences and competence-building in the innovation process from a perspective of innovation systems; it examines how governments...... and public agencies in different countries and different times have actually approached the issue of building, maintaining and using competences in their innovation systems; it examines what are the critical and most important issues at stake from the point of view of innovation policy, looking particularly...
Building Procurement
Andersson, Niclas
evolves from a simple establishment of a contractual relationship to a central and strategic part of construction. The authors relate to cultural, ethical and social and behavioural sciences as the fundamental basis for analysis and understanding of the complexity and dynamics of the procurement system......‘The procurement of construction work is complex, and a successful outcome frequently elusive’. With this opening phrase of the book, the authors take on the challenging job of explaining the complexity of building procurement. Even though building procurement systems are, and will remain, complex...... despite this excellent book, the knowledge, expertise, well-articulated argument and collection of recent research efforts that are provided by the three authors will help to make project success less elusive. The book constitutes a thorough and comprehensive investigation of building procurement, which...
Acoustic building infiltration measurement system
Muehleisen, Ralph T.; Raman, Ganesh
Systems and methods of detecting and identifying a leak from a container or building. Acoustic pressure and velocity are measured. Acoustic properties are acquired from the measured values. The acoustic properties are converted to infiltration/leakage information. Nearfield Acoustic Holography (NAH) may be one method to detect the leakages from a container by locating the noise sources.
Large panel design for containment air baffle
Orr, R.S.
The movable air baffle shield means in accordance with the present invention provides an efficient method of cooling the space surrounding the containment vessel while also providing the capability of being moved away from the containment vessel during inspection. The containment apparatus comprises a generally cylindrical sealed containment vessel for containing at least a portion of a nuclear power generation plant, a disparate shield building surrounding and housing the containment vessel therein and spaced outwardly thereof so as to form an air annulus in the space between the shield building and the containment vessel, a shield baffle means positioned in the air annulus around at least a portion of the sides of the containment vessel providing a coolant path between the baffle means and the containment vessel to permit cooling of the containment vessel by air, the shield baffle means being movable to afford access to the containment vessel. 9 figs
Radioactive substances in the Danish building materials
Ulbak, K.
Building materials as any other materials of natural occurrence contain small concentrations of natural radioactive elements. This natural radioactivity affects people inside buildings. This publiccation refers measurements of the Danish building materials, and radiation doses originating from this source affecting the Danish population are related to the other components of background radioactivity. (EG)
Furukawa, Hideyasu; Oyamada, Osamu; Uozumi, Hiroto.
Purpose: To provide a container for a reactor provided with a pressure suppressing chamber pool which can prevent bubble vibrating load, particularly negative pressure generated at the time of starting to release exhaust from a main steam escape-safety valve from being transmitted to a lower liner plate of the container. Constitution: This arrangement is characterized in that a safety valve exhaust pool for main steam escape, in which a pressure suppressing chamber pool is separated and intercepted from pool water in the pressure suppressing chamber pool, a safety valve exhaust pipe is open into said safety valve exhaust pool, and an isolator member, which isolates the bottom liner plate in the pressure suppressing chamber pool from the pool water, is disposed on the bottom of the safety valve exhaust pool. (Nakamura, S.)
CONTAIN calculations
Scholtyssek, W.
In the first phase of a benchmark comparison, the CONTAIN code was used to calculate an assumed EPR accident 'medium-sized leak in the cold leg', especially for the first two days after initiation of the accident. The results for global characteristics compare well with those of FIPLOC, MELCOR and WAVCO calculations, if the same materials data are used as input. However, significant differences show up for local quantities such as flows through leakages. (orig.)
Kato, Masami; Nishio, Masahide.
Purpose: To prevent the rupture of the dry well even when the melted reactor core drops into a reactor pedestal cavity. Constitution: In a reactor container in which a dry well disposed above the reactor pedestal cavity for containing the reactor pressure vessel and a torus type suppression chamber for containing pressure suppression water are connected with each other, the pedestal cavity and the suppression chamber are disposed such that the flow level of the pedestal cavity is lower than the level of the pressure suppression water. Further, a pressure suppression water introduction pipeway for introducing the pressure suppression water into the reactor pedestal cavity is disposed by way of an ON-OFF valve. In case if the melted reactor core should fall into the pedestal cavity, the ON-OFF valve for the pressure suppression water introduction pipeway is opened to introduce the pressure suppression water in the suppression chamber into the pedestal cavity to cool the melted reactor core. (Ikeda, J.)
Plasma container
Ebisawa, Katsuyuki.
Purpose: To enable to easily detect that the thickness of material to be abraded is reduced to an allowable limit from the outerside of the plasma container even during usual operation in a plasma vessel for a thermonuclear device. Constitution: A labelled material is disposed to the inside or rear face of constituent members of a plasma container undergoing the irradiation of plasma particles. A limiter plate to be abraded in the plasma container is composed of an armour member and heat removing plate, in which the armour member is made of graphite and heat-removing plate is made of copper. If the armour member is continuously abraded under the effect of sputtering due to plasma particles, silicon nitride embedded so far in the graphite at last appears on the surface of the limiter plate to undergo the impact shocks of the plasma particles. Accordingly, abrasion of the limiter material can be detected by a detector comprising gas chromatography and it can easily be detected from the outside of the plasma content even during normal operation. (Horiuchi, T.)
Shibata, Satoru; Kawashima, Hiroaki
Purpose: To optimize the temperature distribution of the reactor container so as to moderate the thermal stress distribution on the reactor wall of LMFBR type reactor. Constitution: A good heat conductor (made of Al or Cu) is appended on the outer side of the reactor container wall from below the liquid level to the lower face of a deck plate. Further, heat insulators are disposed to the outside of the good heat conductor. Furthermore, a gas-cooling duct is circumferentially disposed at the contact portion between the good heat conductor and the deck plate around the reactor container. This enables to flow the cold heat from the liquid metal rapidly through the good heat conductor to the cooling duct and allows to maintain the temperature distribution on the reactor wall substantially linear even with the abrupt temperature change in the liquid metal. Further, by appending the good heat conductor covered with inactive metals not only on the outer side but also on the inside of the reactor wall to introduce the heat near the liquid level to the upper portion and escape the same to the cooling layer below the roof slab, the effect can be improved further. (Ikeda, J.)
Existing buildings
Gram-Hanssen, Kirsten
their homes. These policy measures include building regulations, energy tax and different types of incentives and information dissemination. The conclusion calls for new and innovative policy measures to cope with the realities of renovations of owner-occupied houses and how energy efficiency improvement...
Building Sandcastles
Jensen, Steffen Moltrup Ernø; Korsgaard, Steffen; Shumar, Wes
of entrepreneurship education. Our theoretical and methodological approach builds on Actor-Network Theory. The empirical settings of our study consist of two entrepreneurship courses which differ in terms of temporal extension and physical setting. Data is collected using observation and interview techniques. Our...
Tommerup, Henrik M.; Elle, Morten
The scientific community agrees that: all countries must drastically and rapidly reduce their CO2 emissions and that energy efficient houses play a decisive role in this. The general attitude at the workshop on Sustainable Buildings was that we face large and serious climate change problems...
Passive cooling containment study
Shin, J.J.; Iotti, R.C.; Wright, R.F.
Pressure and temperature transients of nuclear reactor containment following postulated loss of coolant accident with a coincident station blackout due to total loss of all alternating current power are studied analytically and experimentally for the full scale NPR (New Production Reactor). All the reactor and containment cooling under this condition would rely on the passive cooling system which removes reactor decay heat and provides emergency core and containment cooling. Containment passive cooling for this study takes place in the annulus between containment steel shell and concrete shield building by natural convection air flow and thermal radiation. Various heat transfer coefficients inside annular air space were investigated by running the modified CONTEMPT code CONTEMPT-NPR. In order to verify proper heat transfer coefficient, temperature, heat flux, and velocity profiles were measured inside annular air space of the test facility which is a 24 foot (7.3m) high, steam heated inner cylinder of three foot (.91m) diameter and five and half foot (1.7m) diameter outer cylinder. Comparison of CONTEMPT-NPR and WGOTHIC was done for reduced scale NPR
CONTAIN calculations; CONTAIN-Rechnungen
In the first phase of a benchmark comparison, the CONTAIN code was used to calculate an assumed EPR accident `medium-sized leak in the cold leg`, especially for the first two days after initiation of the accident. The results for global characteristics compare well with those of FIPLOC, MELCOR and WAVCO calculations, if the same materials data are used as input. However, significant differences show up for local quantities such as flows through leakages. (orig.)
Hidaka, Masataka; Hatamiya, Shigeo; Kawasaki, Terufumi; Fukui, Toru; Suzuki, Hiroaki; Kataoka, Yoshiyuki; Kawabe, Ryuhei; Murase, Michio; Naito, Masanori.
In order to suppress the pressure elevation in a reactor container due to high temperature and high pressure steams jetted out upon pipeway rupture accidents in the reactor container, the steams are introduced to a pressure suppression chamber for condensating them in stored coolants. However, the ability for suppressing the pressure elevation and steam coagulation are deteriorated due to the presence of inactive incondensible gases. Then, there are disposed a vent channel for introducing the steams in a dry well to a pressure suppression chamber in the reactor pressure vessel, a closed space disposed at the position lower than a usual liquid level, a first channel having an inlet in the pressure suppression chamber and an exit in the closed space and a second means connected by way of a backflow checking means for preventing the flow directing to the closed space. The first paths are present by plurality, a portion of which constitutes a syphon. The incondensible gases and the steams are discharged to the dry well at high pressure by using the difference of the water head for a long cooling time after the pipeway rupture accident. Then, safety can be improved without using dynamic equipments as driving source. (N.H.)
The report Building Bridges adresses the questions why, how and for whom academic audience research has public value, from the different points of view of the four working groups in the COST Action IS0906 Transforming Audiences, Transforming Societies – “New Media Genres, Media Literacy and Trust...... in the Media�, “Audience Interactivity and Participation�, “The Role of Media and ICT Use for Evolving Social Relationships� and “Audience Transformations and Social Integration�. Building Bridges is the result of an ongoing dialogue between the Action and non-academic stakeholders in the field of audience......, Brian O’Neill, Andra Siibak, Sascha Trültzsch-Wijnen, Nicoletta Vittadini, Igor Vobi� and Frauke Zeller. Stakeholder feedback from: Michelle Arlotta (DeAgostini), Andreea M. Costache (Association of Consumers of Audiovisual Media in Catalonia/TAC), Francesco Diasio (AMARC Europe), Marius Dragomir (Open...
Building economics
Pedersen, D.O.(red.)
Publikationen er på engelsk. Den omfatter alle indlæg på det fjerde internationale symposium om byggeøkonomi, der blev arrangeret af SBI for det internationale byggeforskningsråd CIB. De fem bind omhandler: Methods of Economic Evaluation, Design Optimization, Ressource Utilization, The Building...... Market og Economics and Technological Forecasting in Construction. Et indledende bind bringer statusrapporter for de fem forskningsområder, og det sidste bind sammenfatter debatten på symposiet....
Oyamada, Osamu; Furukawa, Hideyasu; Uozumi, Hiroto.
Purpose: To lower the position of an intermediate slab within a reactor container and fitting a heat insulating material to the inner wall of said intermediate slab, whereby a space for a control rod exchanging device and thermal stresses of the inner peripheral wall are lowered. Constitution: In the pedestal at the lower part of a reactor pressure vessel there is formed an intermediate slab at a position lower than diaphragm floor slab of the outer periphery of the pedestal thereby to secure a space for providing automatic exchanging device of a control rod driving device. Futhermore, a heat insulating material is fitted to the inner peripheral wall at the upper side of the intermediate slab part, and the temperature gradient in the wall thickness direction at the time of a piping rupture trouble is made gentle, and thermal stresses at the inner peripheral wall are lowered. (Sekiya, K.)
Containment vessel
Zbirohowski-Koscia, K.F.; Roberts, A.C.
A concrete containment vessel for nuclear reactors is disclosed that is spherical and that has prestressing tendons disposed in first, second and third sets, the tendons of each set being all substantially concentric and centred around a respective one of the three orthogonal axes of the sphere; the tendons of the first set being anchored at each end at a first anchor rib running around a circumference of the vessel, the tendons of the second set being anchored at each end at a second anchor rib running around a circumference of the sphere and disposed at 90 0 to the first rib, and the tendons of the third set being anchored some to the first rib and the remainder to the second rib. (author)
Igloo containment system for improvised explosive devices
Dyckes, G.W.
A method for containing or partially containing the blast and dispersal of radioactive particulate from improvised explosive devices is described. The containment system is restricted to devices located in fairly open areas at ground level, e.g., devices concealed in trucks, vans, transportainers, or small buildings which are accessible from all sides
Earthquake proof device for nuclear power plant building
Okada, Yasuo.
The structure of the present invention enables three dimensional vibration proof, i.e., in horizontal and vertical directions of a reactor container building. That is, each of the reactor container building and a reactor auxiliary building is adapted as an independent structure. The periphery of the reactor container building is surrounded by the reactor auxiliary building. The reactor auxiliary building is supported against the ground by way of a horizontal vibration proof device. The reactor container building is supported against the ground by way of a three-dimensional vibration proof device that prevents vibrations in both of the horizontal directions, and the vertical directions. The reactor container building is connected to the auxiliary building by way of a vertical vibration proof device. With such a constitution, although the reactor container building is vibration proof against both of the horizontal and the vertical vibrations, the vertical vibration proofness is an extension of inherent vertical vibration period. Accordingly, the head of the building undergoes rocking vibrations. However, since the reactor container building is connected to the reactor auxiliary building, the rocking vibrations are prevented by the reactor auxiliary building. As a result, safety upon occurrence of an earthquakes can be ensured. (I.S.)
Direct containment heating models in the CONTAIN code
Washington, K.E.; Williams, D.C.
The potential exists in a nuclear reactor core melt severe accident for molten core debris to be dispersed under high pressure into the containment building. If this occurs, the set of phenomena that result in the transfer of energy to the containment atmosphere and its surroundings is referred to as direct containment heating (DCH). Because of the potential for DCH to lead to early containment failure, the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (USNRC) has sponsored an extensive research program consisting of experimental, analytical, and risk integration components. An important element of the analytical research has been the development and assessment of direct containment heating models in the CONTAIN code. This report documents the DCH models in the CONTAIN code. DCH models in CONTAIN for representing debris transport, trapping, chemical reactions, and heat transfer from debris to the containment atmosphere and surroundings are described. The descriptions include the governing equations and input instructions in CONTAIN unique to performing DCH calculations. Modifications made to the combustion models in CONTAIN for representing the combustion of DCH-produced and pre-existing hydrogen under DCH conditions are also described. Input table options for representing the discharge of debris from the RPV and the entrainment phase of the DCH process are also described. A sample calculation is presented to demonstrate the functionality of the models. The results show that reasonable behavior is obtained when the models are used to predict the sixth Zion geometry integral effects test at 1/10th scale
The potential exists in a nuclear reactor core melt severe accident for molten core debris to be dispersed under high pressure into the containment building. If this occurs, the set of phenomena that result in the transfer of energy to the containment atmosphere and its surroundings is referred to as direct containment heating (DCH). Because of the potential for DCH to lead to early containment failure, the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (USNRC) has sponsored an extensive research program consisting of experimental, analytical, and risk integration components. An important element of the analytical research has been the development and assessment of direct containment heating models in the CONTAIN code. This report documents the DCH models in the CONTAIN code. DCH models in CONTAIN for representing debris transport, trapping, chemical reactions, and heat transfer from debris to the containment atmosphere and surroundings are described. The descriptions include the governing equations and input instructions in CONTAIN unique to performing DCH calculations. Modifications made to the combustion models in CONTAIN for representing the combustion of DCH-produced and pre-existing hydrogen under DCH conditions are also described. Input table options for representing the discharge of debris from the RPV and the entrainment phase of the DCH process are also described. A sample calculation is presented to demonstrate the functionality of the models. The results show that reasonable behavior is obtained when the models are used to predict the sixth Zion geometry integral effects test at 1/10th scale.
Sustainable building versus ecological building
Van Wyk, Llewellyn V
Full Text Available and sensitivity to a site that are required to efficiently meet the energy needs of a building and occupants with renewable energy (solar, wind, geothermal, etc), designers must apply holistic design principles and take advantage of the free, naturally... monumental waste: the product which they deliver requires resources such as energy and water to operate over its entire life-cycle, a period measured in decades, and often in centuries. Throughout this process, construction activities often result...
Frampton, Paul H.
In this talk I begin with some general discussion of model building in particle theory, emphasizing the need for motivation and testability. Three illustrative examples are then described. The first is the Left-Right model which provides an explanation for the chirality of quarks and leptons. The second is the 331-model which offers a first step to understanding the three generations of quarks and leptons. Third and last is the SU(15) model which can accommodate the light leptoquarks possibly seen at HERA
Frampton, P.H.
In this talk I begin with some general discussion of model building in particle theory, emphasizing the need for motivation and testability. Three illustrative examples are then described. The first is the Left-Right model which provides an explanation for the chirality of quarks and leptons. The second is the 331-model which offers a first step to understanding the three generations of quarks and leptons. Third and last is the SU(15) model which can accommodate the light leptoquarks possibly seen at HERA. copyright 1998 American Institute of Physics
Long-term performance of structures comprising nuclear power plants PART 1: Deterioration assessment of nuclear power station buildings PART 2: Long-term stability and the leak-tightness of reactor containments
Pocock, D.C.; Worthington, J.C.; Oberpichler, R.; Van Exel, H.; Beukelmann, D.; Huth, R.; Rose, B.
The objective of this research was to study the long-term performance of structures comprising nuclear power plants. The time period of interest for this study is 140 years (this figure is based on maximum periods of 40 years for operation and 100 years of storage). It was divided in two parts: - the first based on four UK nuclear power plants examine the principle deterioration mechanism of reinforced structure which is chloride ingress and carbonation penetration - the second based on 2 German nuclear power plants examine the long term behaviour of reinforced and prestressed concrete and also the corrosion of steel containments with particular reference on plastic seals and potential risk areas
Mercury-Containing Devices and Demolition
Some items inside residential buildings contain mercury, which poses a persistent and toxic human health and environmental threat. These materials should be carefully salvaged for proper recycling to prevent mercury contamination prior to demolition.
Asbestos-Containing Materials (ACM) and Demolition
There are specific federal regulatory requirements that require the identification of asbestos-containing materials (ACM) in many of the residential buildings that are being demolished or renovated by a municipality.
A Convenient Approach to Heterocyclic Building Blocks: Synthesis of Novel Ring Systems Containing a [5,6]Pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazol-4(1H-one Moiety
Wolfgang Holzer
Full Text Available Starting from commercially available educts, a straightforward synthetic route to new heterocyclic building blocks is exemplified with the one- or two-step synthesis of tri-, tetra-, or pentacyclic ring systems. Representatives of the following novel ring systems are prepared from 3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one and the corresponding o-halo-arenecarbonyl chloride using calcium hydroxide in refluxing 1,4-dioxane: pyrimidino[4',5':5,6]pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazol-4(1H-one, thieno[3',2':5,6]pyrano[2,3c]pyrazol- 4-(1H-one, thieno[3',4':5,6]pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazol-4(1H-one, thieno[3'',2'':4',5']thieno[2',3':5,6]-pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazol-4(1H-one, [1,3]dioxolo[5',6'][1]benzothieno[2',3':5,6]pyrano-[2,3-c]- pyrazol-4(1H-one, pyridazino[4',3':5,6]pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazol-4(1H-one and pyrazolo-[4'',3'':5',6']pyrido[3',4':5,6]pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazol-4(1H-one. While the latter two ring systems are directly obtained due to a spontaneous intramolecular substitution reaction, in the other reactions uncyclised 4-aroylpyrazol-5-ols are produced, which are cyclised into the target heterocycles in a subsequent synthetic step (i.e. treatment with NaH in DMF. Detailed NMR spectroscopic investigations (1H-, 13C-, 15N- with the obtained compounds were undertaken to unambiguously prove the new structures.
Secondary Containers and Service Containers for Pesticides
Secondary containers and service containers are used by pesticide applicators in the process of applying a pesticide. EPA does not require secondary containers or service containers to be labeled or to meet particular construction standards. Learn more.
Building the universe
Sutton, Christine
The book 'In Building the Universe' contains a collection of articles from the magazine 'New Scientist', compiled and edited to provide an overview of the field of particle physics. A picture of the basic constituents of matter (quarks and leptons) is given, together with the four fundamental forces that hold them together. The operation of these forces in the first instance of the hot young Universe is described. Also, the development of the accelerators and detectors used in elementary particle physics, is discussed. (UK)
Building Mainteance Module I: Orientation to Building Maintenance. Instructor's Guide.
Eck, Francis
This document contains teacher's materials for a seven-lesson Missouri secondary education course on building maintenance fundamentals. The document begins with an explanation of its components and how to use them. Next is a table that associates individual instructional materials in the lessons with the competencies they teach. The lessons are:…
340 Facility secondary containment and leak detection
Bendixsen, R.B.
This document presents a preliminary safety evaluation for the 340 Facility Secondary Containment and Leak Containment system, Project W-302. Project W-302 will construct Building 340-C which has been designed to replace the current 340 Building and vault tank system for collection of liquid wastes from the Pacific Northwest Laboratory buildings in the 300 Area. This new nuclear facility is Hazard Category 3. The vault tank and related monitoring and control equipment are Safety Class 2 with the remainder of the structure, systems and components as Safety Class 3 or 4
Proposed design criteria for containments in Germany
Schnellenbach, G.
Till now all containments of German nuclear power plants have been fabricated in steel. However the nuclear power plants Gundremmingen II (KRB II) and Schmehausen II (HTR) will have prestressed concrete containments. The construction of these plants will probably start in 1975. Containments have to fulfill special tasks differing from those of pressure vessels. Because of this, design criteria for pressure vessels are not applicable to containments. On the other hand normal regulations for prestressed concrete structures are insufficient for containments. The containments KRB II and HTR are buildings of different types. KRB II is located in the interior of the reactor building of the SW-72-type. It is surrounded by a thick-walled concrete structure. HTR has the classical shape for concrete containments - vertical cylinder with spherical cap. It surrounds the reactor-building. The containment has to withstand aircraft impact forces. This influences its liner too. Design criteria have been developed for both containments, taking into consideration the special properties of these buildings. Design criteria are discussed for service-load conditions, test conditions, various forms of accident and for the ultimate load conditions. The influence of extreme external loads on the design is described. (author)
Building Maintenance. Student Learning Guide.
Palm Beach County Board of Public Instruction, West Palm Beach, FL.
This student learning guide contains one module for completing a course in building maintenance. It is designed especially for use in secondary schools in Palm Beach County, Florida. The module covers one task, and consists of a purpose, performance objective, enabling objectives, learning activities keyed to resources, information sheets, student…
Building 774: open for business
CERN Bulletin
In July 2012, the demolition of Building 936 on the Prévessin site marked the start of the Building 774 project. On 23 February, less than three years later, the new 3900 m2 building was handed over to the BE department.  The brand new Building 774. (Credits: Francesco Soppelsa) Located near to the CERN Control Centre, Building 774 contains offices, laboratories and meeting rooms, as well as a huge public area consisting of a 104-seat auditorium, a changing room/shower area in the basement and a pleasant cafeteria open from 8 a.m. to 5 p.m., offering a wide range of refreshments including hot meals at lunchtime. “There were a few twists and turns during the construction of this building, but it all turned out well in the end!" says Michael Poehler, a member of the GS-SE group and the technical coordinator of the project. (Credits: Francesco Soppelsa) The 120 occupants of the building have just moved into their brand new home, bringing all the members of the...
Builders generally use a 'spec and purchase' business management system (BMS) when implementing energy efficiency. A BMS is the overall operational and organizational systems and strategies that a builder uses to set up and run its company. This type of BMS treats building performance as a simple technology swap (e.g. a tank water heater to a tankless water heater) and typically compartmentalizes energy efficiency within one or two groups in the organization (e.g. purchasing and construction). While certain tools, such as details, checklists, and scopes of work, can assist builders in managing the quality of the construction of higher performance homes, they do nothing to address the underlying operational strategies and issues related to change management that builders face when they make high performance homes a core part of their mission. To achieve the systems integration necessary for attaining 40% + levels of energy efficiency, while capturing the cost tradeoffs, builders must use a 'systems approach' BMS, rather than a 'spec and purchase' BMS. The following attributes are inherent in a systems approach BMS; they are also generally seen in quality management systems (QMS), such as the National Housing Quality Certification program: Cultural and corporate alignment, Clear intent for quality and performance, Increased collaboration across internal and external teams, Better communication practices and systems, Disciplined approach to quality control, Measurement and verification of performance, Continuous feedback and improvement, and Whole house integrated design and specification.
Influence of heat transfer on walls due to aerosol decomposition rate in the containment building of nuclear power plants during heavy incidents; Einfluss des Waermeuebergangs an Waenden auf die Aerosolabbaurate im Sicherheitsbehaelter von Kernkraftwerken bei schweren Stoerfaellen
Braun, T.
Today, German nuclear power plants are leading in safety standards worldwide. Increasing potentials arise continuously along with improvements in technology. One of these potentials is the best-estimate simulation of fission product transport in case of a severe accident. A main part of the fission products is allocated on aerosols. Therefore, the aerosol behavior before containment leakage is important for the radioactive source term to the environment. Having a good knowledge about the main aerosol phenomena, it is possible to simulate them numerically. This enables to develop and test safety measures to limit damages before accidents occur. Within this study, the main aerosol phenomena have been ascertained and accordingly classified into formation, transport and reduction. On this basis, simulations of one- and multi-component aerosol experiments of the KAEVER series have been performed with the COCOSYS code. Due to an overprediction of the computed volume condensation rate, the results showed an overestimation of the reduction rate of insoluble aerosols. The reason was found to be the underestimation of the wall condensation rate. Based on an additional plain thermal hydraulic multi compartment experiment, these uncertainties in the wall heat transfer correlations were investigated in detail. The results show a strong dependency between the wall condensation rate and the convective heat transfer, resp. the characteristic length. In case of mainly forced convection, correct values for the characteristic length led to an underestimation of the calculated heat transfer coefficients. The analysis of the heat transfer models show an inconsistency in the coupling of free and forced convection. Therefore, an improved and consistent convection model has been developed and implemented. Both models have been tested on different experiments. Although the new model shows only minor improvements, it could be proven that the influence for forced convection is significant
Building energy analysis tool
Brackney, Larry; Parker, Andrew; Long, Nicholas; Metzger, Ian; Dean, Jesse; Lisell, Lars
A building energy analysis system includes a building component library configured to store a plurality of building components, a modeling tool configured to access the building component library and create a building model of a building under analysis using building spatial data and using selected building components of the plurality of building components stored in the building component library, a building analysis engine configured to operate the building model and generate a baseline energy model of the building under analysis and further configured to apply one or more energy conservation measures to the baseline energy model in order to generate one or more corresponding optimized energy models, and a recommendation tool configured to assess the one or more optimized energy models against the baseline energy model and generate recommendations for substitute building components or modifications.
NRC new sustainable building
Semczyszyn, D.
'Full text:' The National Research Council Institute For Fuel Cell Innovation is relocating to a purpose-built 71,343 sq. Ft. (6598 sq. M) Research, Testing, Evaluation, and Industry Incubation Facility in the spring of 2006. The new facility will contain Hydrogen-ready laboratories, the existing relocated Hydrogen Safe Environmental Test Chamber, a hydrogen vehicle maintenance bay, a hydrogen vehicle refuelling station, and the following demonstration projects and features: 1. A Ground Source Heat Pump: This long-proven natural-source heating and cooling technology to provide climate control for the new IFCI's atrium and galleria. It is being designed by Keen Engineering of North Vancouver, BC. 2. 5 KW Solid Oxide Fuel Cell System: Fuelled by natural gas and in the future, from biomass, the fuel cell will also produce approximately 15 kW of waste heat, which will be captured and used to supply heat for the building. The Solid Oxide Fuel Cell will be supplied by Fuel Cell Technologies in Kingston, ON. 3. LEED Building certification: Attaining LEED 'green building' certification is considered an important complement to the plans for the new NRC-IFCI, because it will provide respected third-party verification of government's commitment to efficient building design and construction. Project architects Bunting Coady of Vancouver, BC believe the IFCI has strong potential to earn gold LEED certification. 4. Photovoltaic hydrogen source for back-up power fuel cell system: A photovoltaic array will capture energy from sunlight to power an electrolyzer that will produce and store hydrogen for a PEM fuel cell emergency backup power system. The electrolyzer will be provided by Hydrogenics of Mississauga, ON. Photovoltaics are being designed and installed by the British Columbia Institute of Technology. (author)
Lewis, Meriel
'Activate' is the energy magazine for secondary schools and is part of the Education Programme which is managed on behalf of the British Nuclear Industry Forum by AEA Technology. activate is the flagship communication device between the British Nuclear Industry Forum's Education Programme and secondary schools in the UK. It was developed from a previous publication, Nuclear Bulletin. There is a need for the nuclear industry to build trust with teachers and students in the UK, where for a long time, everything that the industry has said, written or printed has been disregarded by school teachers as propaganda. Over the last few years the industry has put in a great deal of effort to position itself as a provider of educationally sound and socially acceptable information. 'Activate' was an evolution of this idea and there was a hole in the market for a lively, activity and article based magazine that could be used in the classroom. The target audience is principally teachers of science, mathematics and geography, but also includes teachers of art,, English and history with students of between 11 and 18. The results were very positive in that teachers appreciated the colourful and lively nature of activate and they felt that it provided information and opinions in an un biased and non-propagandist way. Their comments about layout, number of activities style of presentation were taken into account and during the summer of 1994 activate was remodelled ready for re launch in September. The feedback so far is good with more teachers signing up every week to receive their own free copy
308 Building deactivation function analysis report
Lund, D.P.
The document contains the functions, function definitions, function interfaces, function interface definitions, Input Computer Automated Manufacturing Definition (IDEFO) diagrams, and a function hierarchy chart that describes what needs to be performed to deactivate the 308 Building
The document contains the functions, function definitions, function interfaces, function interface definitions, Input Computer Automated Manufacturing Definition (IDEFO) diagrams, and a function hierarchy chart that describe what needs to be performed to deactivate the 309 Building
Building Condition and Suitability Evaluation Manual.
MGT of America, Inc., Tallahassee, FL.
This educational facility evaluation manual contains the overall building condition rating form and the supporting check sheets which have been field tested in several states and, where appropriate, modified for use in the Idaho School Facilities Needs Assessment. The exterior building condition form examines the foundation, structure, walls,…
Build and Execute Environment
At exascale, the challenge becomes to develop applications that run at scale and use exascale platforms reliably, efficiently, and flexibly. Workflows become much more complex because they must seamlessly integrate simulation and data analytics. They must include down-sampling, post-processing, feature extraction, and visualization. Power and data transfer limitations require these analysis tasks to be run in-situ or in-transit. We expect successful workflows will comprise multiple linked simulations along with tens of analysis routines. Users will have limited development time at scale and, therefore, must have rich tools to develop, debug, test, and deploy applications. At this scale, successful workflows will compose linked computations from an assortment of reliable, well-defined computation elements, ones that can come and go as required, based on the needs of the workflow over time. We propose a novel framework that utilizes both virtual machines (VMs) and software containers to create a workflow system that establishes a uniform build and execution environment (BEE) beyond the capabilities of current systems. In this environment, applications will run reliably and repeatably across heterogeneous hardware and software. Containers, both commercial (Docker and Rocket) and open-source (LXC and LXD), define a runtime that isolates all software dependencies from the machine operating system. Workflows may contain multiple containers that run different operating systems, different software, and even different versions of the same software. We will run containers in open-source virtual machines (KVM) and emulators (QEMU) so that workflows run on any machine entirely in user-space. On this platform of containers and virtual machines, we will deliver workflow software that provides services, including repeatable execution, provenance, checkpointing, and future proofing. We will capture provenance about how containers were launched and how they interact to annotate
AP1000 Containment Design and Safety Assessment
Wright, Richard F.; Ofstun, Richard P.; Bachere, Sebastien
The AP1000 is an up-rated version of the AP600 passive plant design that recently received final design certification from the US NRC. Like AP600, the AP1000 is a two-loop, pressurized water reactor featuring passive core cooling and passive containment safety systems. One key safety feature of the AP1000 is the passive containment cooling system which maintains containment integrity in the event of a design basis accident. This system utilizes a high strength, steel containment vessel inside a concrete shield building. In the event of a pipe break inside containment, a high pressure signal actuates valves which allow water to drain from a storage tank atop the shield building. Water is applied to the top of the containment shell, and evaporates, thereby removing heat. An air flow path is formed between the shield building and the containment to aid in the evaporation and is exhausted through a chimney at the top of the shield building. Extensive testing and analysis of this system was performed as part of the AP600 design certification process. The AP1000 containment has been designed to provide increased safety margin despite the increased reactor power. The containment volume was increased to accommodate the larger steam generators, and to provide increased margin for containment pressure response to design basis events. The containment design pressure was increased from AP600 by increasing the shell thickness and by utilizing high strength steel. The passive containment cooling system water capacity has been increased and the water application rate has been scaled to the higher decay heat level. The net result is higher margins to the containment design pressure limit than were calculated for AP600 for all design basis events. (authors)
Building integrated photovoltaics
Ritzen, M.J.; Vroon, Z.A.E.P.; Geurts, C.P.W.; Reinders, Angèle; Verlinden, Pierre; Sark, Wilfried; Freundlich, Alexandre
Photovoltaic (PV) installations can be realized in different situations and on different scales, such as at a building level. PV installations at the building level can either be added to the building envelope, which is called building added PV (BAPV), or they can be integrated into the building
GEM Building Taxonomy (Version 2.0)
Brzev, S.; Scawthorn, C.; Charleson, A.W.; Allen, L.; Greene, M.; Jaiswal, Kishor; Silva, V.
This report documents the development and applications of the Building Taxonomy for the Global Earthquake Model (GEM). The purpose of the GEM Building Taxonomy is to describe and classify buildings in a uniform manner as a key step towards assessing their seismic risk, Criteria for development of the GEM Building Taxonomy were that the Taxonomy be relevant to seismic performance of different construction types; be comprehensive yet simple; be collapsible; adhere to principles that are familiar to the range of users; and ultimately be extensible to non-buildings and other hazards. The taxonomy was developed in conjunction with other GEM researchers and builds on the knowledge base from other taxonomies, including the EERI and IAEE World Housing Encyclopedia, PAGER-STR, and HAZUS. The taxonomy is organized as a series of expandable tables, which contain information pertaining to various building attributes. Each attribute describes a specific characteristic of an individual building or a class of buildings that could potentially affect their seismic performance. The following 13 attributes have been included in the GEM Building Taxonomy Version 2.0 (v2.0): 1.) direction, 2.)material of the lateral load-resisting system, 3.) lateral load-resisting system, 4.) height, 5.) date of construction of retrofit, 6.) occupancy, 7.) building position within a block, 8.) shape of the building plan, 9.) structural irregularity, 10.) exterior walls, 11.) roof, 12.) floor, 13.) foundation system. The report illustrates the pratical use of the GEM Building Taxonomy by discussing example case studies, in which the building-specific characteristics are mapped directly using GEM taxonomic attributes and the corresponding taxonomic string is constructed for that building, with "/" slash marks separating attributes. For example, for the building shown to the right, the GEM Taxonomy string is: DX1/MUR+CLBRS+MOCL2/LWAL3/
Building performance simulation for sustainable buildings
Hensen, J.L.M.
This paper aims to provide a general view of the background and current state of building performance simulation, which has the potential to deliver, directly or indirectly, substantial benefits to building stakeholders and to the environment. However the building simulation community faces many
The inner containment of an EPR trademark pressurized water reactor
Ostermann, Dirk; Krumb, Christian; Wienand, Burkhard [AREVA GmbH, Offenbach (Germany)
On February 12, 2014 the containment pressure and subsequent leak tightness tests on the containment of the Finnish Olkiluoto 3 EPR trademark reactor building were completed successfully. The containment of an EPR trademark pressurized water reactor consists of an outer containment to protect the reactor building against external hazards (such as airplane crash) and of an inner containment that is subjected to internal overpressure and high temperature in case of internal accidents. The current paper gives an overview of the containment structure, the design criteria, the validation by analyses and experiments and the containment pressure test.
Tribal Green Building Toolkit
This Tribal Green Building Toolkit (Toolkit) is designed to help tribal officials, community members, planners, developers, and architects develop and adopt building codes to support green building practices. Anyone can use this toolkit!
BUILDING 341 Seismic Evaluation
Halle, J. [Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
The Seismic Evaluation of Building 341 located at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in Livermore, California has been completed. The subject building consists of a main building, Increment 1, and two smaller additions; Increments 2 and 3.
Danish building typologies and building stock analyses
Wittchen, Kim Bjarne; Kragh, Jesper
energy savings in residential buildings. The intension with this analysis was to investigate the possible energy reduction in Denmark if the same approach had been taken for the entire Danish building stock. The report concludes that the ZeroHome initiative clearly results in energy savings, but far from...... enough to meet the government’s plan to make Danish buildings free from use of fossil fuels by 2035. This will probably require around 50 % energy savings in the Danish building stock as a whole. However, the project has proven that dedicated engagement of locals can speed up market penetration...... for energy savings in the existing Building stock....
Danish building typologies
The objective of TABULA is to develop a harmonised building typology for European countries. Each national building typology will consist of a set of residential model buildings with characteristic energy-related properties (element areas of the thermal building envelope, U-values, supply system...... efficiencies). The model buildings will each represent a specific construction period of the country in question and a specific building size. Furthermore the number of buildings, flats and the overall floor areas will be given, which are represented by the different building types of the national typologies....
Integrated severe accident containment analysis with the CONTAIN computer code
Bergeron, K.D.; Williams, D.C.; Rexroth, P.E.; Tills, J.L.
Analysis of physical and radiological conditions iunside the containment building during a severe (core-melt) nuclear reactor accident requires quantitative evaluation of numerous highly disparate yet coupled phenomenologies. These include two-phase thermodynamics and thermal-hydraulics, aerosol physics, fission product phenomena, core-concrete interactions, the formation and combustion of flammable gases, and performance of engineered safety features. In the past, this complexity has meant that a complete containment analysis would require application of suites of separate computer codes each of which would treat only a narrower subset of these phenomena, e.g., a thermal-hydraulics code, an aerosol code, a core-concrete interaction code, etc. In this paper, we describe the development and some recent applications of the CONTAIN code, which offers an integrated treatment of the dominant containment phenomena and the interactions among them. We describe the results of a series of containment phenomenology studies, based upon realistic accident sequence analyses in actual plants. These calculations highlight various phenomenological effects that have potentially important implications for source term and/or containment loading issues, and which are difficult or impossible to treat using a less integrated code suite
Waste container and method for containing waste
Ono, Akira; Matsushita, Mitsuhiro; Doi, Makoto; Nakatani, Seiichi.
In a waste container, water-proof membranes and rare earth element layers are formed on the inner surface of a steel plate concrete container in which steel plates are embedded. Further, rear earth element detectors are disposed each from the inner side of the steel plate concrete container by way of a pressure pipe to the outer side of the container. As a method for actually containing wastes, when a plurality of vessels in which wastes are fixed are collectively enhoused to the waste container, cussioning materials are attached to the inner surface of the container and wastes fixing containers are stacked successively in a plurality of rows in a bag made of elastic materials. Subsequently, fixing materials are filled and tightly sealed in the waste container. When the waste container thus constituted is buried underground, even if it should be deformed to cause intrusion of rain water to the inside of the container, the rare earth elements in the container dissolved in the rain water can be detected by the detectors, the containers are exchanged before the rain water intruding to the inner side is leached to the surrounding ground, to previously prevent the leakage of radioactive nuclides. (K.M.)
Modern frame structure buildings
В. М. Першаков
Full Text Available The article deals with the design, construction and implementation of reinforced concrete frame structures with span 18, 21 m for agricultural production buildings, hall-premises of public buildings and buildings of agricultural aviation. Structures are prefabricated frame buildings and have such advantages as large space inside the structure and lower cost compared with other facilities with same purpose
Retrofitting Listed Buildings
Rasmussen, Torben Valdbjørn
The paper presents a case study where the energy demand for a listed building constructed in 1900 is reduced. Many older buildings are listed and have restrictions that include the entire building or that include only its exterior. For the building presented, only its exterior facade is listed. T...
Measurement in Sustainable Building
Hale, Lara
Measurement is a necessary aspect of planning and constructing buildings. However, recent attempts to integrate the social dimension of sustainable building into building design and specifications demand measurement of non-technical qualities, such as well-being. The Active House Alliance, in lieu...... and continued provision of sustainable buildings to market demand....
Container crane for sea freight containers
Luttekes, E.; Rijsenbrij, J.C.
The invention relates to a container crane for loading and unloading seaborne containers. The container crane comprises a bridge girder (7), a jib (8), at least two crabs (11, 12) which can travel along the said bridge girder and/or jib and are provided with hoist means for lifting and lowering the
ICT Enhanced Buildings Potentials
Christiansson, Per
component systems that are accessed and integrated in the real world of building use in different contexts. The ICT systems may be physically or virtually embedded in the building. Already in 1982 AT&T established the 'intelligent buildings', IB, concept due to marketing reasons and the Informart building...... with focus on virtual building models support, new services and user environment definitions and development, virtual spaces and augmented reality, intelligent building components, application ontologies, and ICT systems integration to illustrate ICT enhanced buildings potentials and R&D needs. Â ...
Global building physics
Rode, Carsten
High ambitions are set for the building physics performance of buildings today. No single technology can achieve fulfilment of these ambitions alone. Integrated, multi-facetted solutions and optimization are necessary. A holistic, or ‘global’, technological perspective is needed, which includes all...... aspects of the building as defined in building engineering. We live in an international society and building solutions are developed across country borders. Building physics is a global theme. The International Association of Building Physics has global appeal. This brief article reports the keynote...
High ambitions are set for the building physics performance of buildings today. No single technology can achieve fulfilment of these ambitions alone. Integrated, multi-facetted solutions and optimization are necessary. A holistic, or “global�, technological perspective is needed, which includes all...... aspects of the building as defined in building engineering. We live in an international society and building solutions are developed across country borders. Building physics is a global theme. The International Association of Building Physics has global appeal. The keynote lecture and this brief paper...
Continuous containment monitoring with containment pressure fluctuation
Dick, J.E.
The monitoring of the integrity of containments particularly but not exclusively for nuclear plants is dealt with in this invention. While this application is primarily concerned with containment monitoring in the context of the single unit design, it is expected that the concepts presented will be universally applicable to any containment design, including containments for non-nuclear applications such as biological laboratories. The nuclear industry has long been interested in a means of monitoring containment integrity on a continuous basis, that is, while the reactor is operating normally. 12 refs., 2 figs
Trends in the development of reactor containments
Turricchia, A.
The paper presents a review of the technical developments which the containment systems of BWRs, PWRs and HWRs have undergone in the USA, Europe and Canada. The great variety of existing containment systems have been classified for each type of reactor, according to: principle of operation (i.e. dry containment; pressure suppression containment; containment with vacuum building; sub-atmospheric containment; etc.); type and number of the physical barriers provided against the dispersion of fission products to the environment (single containment, double containment, single containment with local collection of the leaks from the most probable leakage paths, or with pressurization of the potential leakage paths, etc.); and structural characteristics of the containment barriers (reinforced concrete, prestressed concrete, metal containment, liners). In the framework of this classification the main features of the various containment systems are illustrated, with special emphasis on the most modern designs. The difference in trend among various countries and various designers are highlighted. A review is also made of the various containment auxiliary systems which would operate in accident conditions (isolation systems, heat removal system, atmosphere control system, etc.). Also for these systems the main design criteria are set forth and present trends are described. Finally, a brief survey is also made of the present trends with regards to the design of containment structures against external events be they of natural origin (earthquake, tornadoes, etc.) or connected with human activities (airplane crash, explosions, etc.) [fr
Sustainable Buildings in Interaction
Elle, Morten
The first attempts to build sustainable buildings in Denmark were typically located on the countryside. The basic idea was to create buildings that were independent of the technical infrastructure. District heating has, however, been the dominating solution to heating in buildings in Denmark......, and the focus on sustainable building have gradually turned from special houses on the countryside to normally looking houses in the urban fabric, integrated in the technical infrastructure. Some new built urban areas in Denmark will, however, not have to be supplied with district heating – these developments...... are going to consist of passive houses. The first sustainable buildings were built by their users, and the user – building interaction still play a decisive role for the performance of the present sustainable buildings. The users have to understand how the building functions. Urban design is essential...
Integrating Responsive Building Elements in Buildings
Haase, Matthias; Amato, Alex; Heiselberg, Per
energy strategies to develop guidelines and procedures for estimation of environmental performance of responsive building elements and integrated building concepts This paper introduces the ideas of this collaborative work and discusses its usefulness for Hong Kong and China. Special focus was put...
Challenges in Commercial Buildings | Buildings | NREL
systems Assessing the energy and economic impacts of various technologies, giving priority to those that standardized language for commercial building energy audit data that can be used by software developers to exchange data between audit tools, and can be required by building owners and audit program managers to
Bellanca building, Yellowknife : building envelope retrofit project
Rajewski, G. [A.D. Williams Engineering Inc., Edmonton, AB (Canada)
The Bellanca building is a ten-story, commercial office building, located in Yellowknife, Northwest Territories. The owner was concerned about annual fuel consumption, relative to other buildings of similar size. Tenants reported cold drafts and some ice build-up had been reported in the past, on the exterior of the cladding. In addition, some water penetration had occurred during rainfall. This presentation provided background information on the Bellanca building and discussed a building envelope retrofit project. A.D. Williams was hired in late 2006 in order to provide an opinion on the present condition of the building envelope. This presentation described the site investigation and presented an interior and exterior review of the building. It also presented a thermographic survey in order to map thermal anomalies and establish trends. Following acceptance of the report on findings, one of five options was selected for further development. This included removal of existing cladding, exterior gypsum wallboard, fiberglass insulation and application of BASF Walltite CT foam, sheathing, rigid insulation, drainage plane and new cladding. The preliminary design was then presented. This paper also described the tender and award of the contract; construction phase; and substantial completion of the project. tabs, figs.
APR1400 Containment Simulation with CONTAIN code
Hwang, Moon Kyu; Chung, Bub Dong [Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Daejeon (Korea, Republic of)
The more realistic containment pressure variation predicted by the CONTAIN code through the coupled analysis during a large break loss of coolant accident in the nuclear power plant is expected to provide more accurate prediction for the plant behavior than a standalone MARS-KS calculation. The input deck has been generated based on the already available ARP- 1400 input for CONTEMPT code. Similarly to the CONTEMPT input deck, a simple two-cell model was adopted to model the containment behavior, one cell for the containment inner volume and another cell for the environment condition. The developed input for the CONTAIN code is to be eventually applied for the coupled code calculation of MARS-KS/CONTAIN
Hwang, Moon Kyu; Chung, Bub Dong
Effectiveness of containment sprays in containment management
Nourbakhsh, H.P.; Perez, S.E.; Lehner, J.R.
A limited study has been performed assessing the effectiveness of containment sprays-to mitigate particular challenges which may occur during a severe accident. Certain aspects of three specific topics related to using sprays under severe accident conditions were investigated. The first was the effectiveness of sprays connected to an alternate water supple and pumping source because the actual containment spray pumps are inoperable. This situation could occur during a station blackout. The second topic concerned the adverse as well as beneficial effects of using containment sprays during severe accident scenario where the containment atmosphere contains substantial quantities of hydrogen along with steam. The third topic was the feasibility of using containment sprays to moderate the consequences of DCH
Applied building physics
Hens, Hugo S L C
The energy crises of the 1970s, persisting moisture problems, complaints about sick buildings, thermal, visual and olfactory discomfort, and the move towards more sustainability in building construction have pushed Building Physics to the forefront of building innovation. The societal pressure to diminish energy consumption in buildings without impairing usability acted as a trigger to activate the whole notion of performance based design and construction. As with all engineering sciences, Building Physics is oriented towards application, which is why, after a first book on fundamentals this s
Reactor coolant system and containment aqueous chemistry
Torgerson, D.F.
Fission products released from fuel during reactor accidents can be subject to a variety of environments that will affect their ultimate behavior. In the reactor coolant system (RCS), for example, neutral or reducing steam conditions, radiation, and surfaces could all have an effect on fission product retention and chemistry. Furthermore, if water is encountered in the RCS, the high temperature aqueous chemistry of fission products must be assessed to determine the quantity and chemical form of fission products released to the containment building. In the containment building, aqueous chemistry will determine the longer-term release of volatile fission products to the containment atmosphere. Over the past few years, the principles of physical chemistry have been rigorously applied to the various chemical conditions described above. This paper reviews the current state of knowledge and discusses the future directions of chemistry research relating to the behavior of fission products in the RCS and containment
Building of nuclear power plant
Saito, Takashi.
A first nuclear plant and a second nuclear power plant are disposed in adjacent with each other in a building for a nuclear reactor. A reactor container is disposed in each of the plants, and each reactor container is surrounded by a second containing facility. A repairing chamber capable of communicating with the secondary containing facilities for both of the secondary containing facilities is disposed being in contact with the second containing facility of each plant for repairing control rod driving mechanisms or reactor incorporated-type recycling pumps. Namely, the repairing chamber is in adjacent with the reactor containers of both plants, and situated between both of the plants as a repairing chamber to be used in common for both plants. Air tight inlet/exit doors are formed to the inlets/exits of both plants of the repairing chamber. Space for the repairing chamber can be reduced to about one half compared with a case where the repairing chamber is formed independently on each plant. (I.N.)
NucleDyne's passive containment system
Falls, O.B. Jr.; Kleimola, F.W.
A simple definition of the passive containment system is that it is a total safeguards system for light water reactors designed to prevent and contain any accidental release of radioactivity. Its passive features utilize the natural laws of physics and thermodynamics. The system encompasses three basic containments constructed as one integrated structure on the reactor building foundation. The primary containment encloses the reactor pressure vessel and coolant system and passive engineered safety systems and components. Auxiliary containment enclosures house auxiliary systems and components. Secondary containment (the reactor building), housing the primary and auxiliary containment structures, provides a second containment barrier as added defense-in-depth against leakage of radioactivity for all accidents assumed by the industry. The generic features of the passive containment system are applicable to both the boiling water reactors and the pressurized water reactors as standardized features for all power ranges. These features provide for a zero source term, the industry's ultimate safety goal. This paper relates to a four-loop pressurized water reactor
Performance of Sequoyah Containment Anchorage System
Fanous, F.; Greimann, L.; Wassef, W.; Bluhm, D.
Deformation of a steel containment anchorage system during a severe accident may result in a leakage path at the containment boundaries. Current design criteria are based on either ductile or brittle failure modes of headed bolts that do not account for factors such as cracking of the containment basemat or deformation of the anchor bolt that may affect the behavior of the containment anchorage system. The purpose of this study was to investigate the performance of a typical ice condenser containment's anchorage system. This was accomplished by analyzing the Sequoyah Containment Anchorage System. Based on a strength of materials approach and assuming that the anchor bolts are resisting the uplift caused by the internal pressure, one can estimate that the failure of the anchor bolts would occur at a containment pressure of 79 psig. To verify these results and to calibrate the strength of materials equation, the Sequoyah containment anchorage system was analyzed with the ABAQUS program using a three-dimensional, finite-element model. The model included portions of the steel containment building, shield building, anchor bolt assembly, reinforced concrete mat and soil foundation material
Empty Container Logistics
Jakov Karmelić
Full Text Available Within the whole world container traffic, the largest share of containers is in the status of repositioning. Container repositioning results from the need for harmonization between the point of empty container accumulation and the point of demand, and waiting time for the availability of the first next transport of cargo. This status of containers on the container market is the consequence of imbalances in the worldwide trade distribution on most important shipping routes. The need for fast and effective reallocation of empty containers causes high costs and often represents an obstacle affecting the efficiency of port container terminals and inland carriers.In accordance with the above issue, this paper is mainly focused on the analysis of the data concerning global container capacities and the roots of container equipment imbalances, with the aim of determining the importance of empty container management and the need for empty container micro-logistic planning at the spread port area.
Building Brand Power
Lakshmi, S.; Muthumani, S., Dr.
economically and efficiently in the minds of customers at a competitive environment. Generating brand power begins with building healthy brands. So that consumers are able to identify a brand through brand recognition or recall performance. This article contains the following sub headings. 1. Introduction 2. Objectives 3. Research questions 4. Research methodology 5. Data Analysis 6. Conclusion
Jakov Karmelić; Čedomir Dundović; Ines Kolanović
Within the whole world container traffic, the largest share of containers is in the status of repositioning. Container repositioning results from the need for harmonization between the point of empty container accumulation and the point of demand, and waiting time for the availability of the first next transport of cargo. This status of containers on the container market is the consequence of imbalances in the worldwide trade distribution on most important shipping routes. The need for fast a...
FAUST/CONTAIN; FAUST/CONTAIN
Cherdron, W.; Minges, J.; Sauter, H.; Schuetz, W.
The FAUNA facility has been restructured after completion of the sodium fire experiments. It is now serving LWR research, cf. report II on program no. 32.21.02 concerning steam explosions. The CONTAIN code system for computing the thermodynamic, aerosol and radiological phenomena in a containment under severe accident conditions is being developed with a new to fission product release and transport. (orig.)
Requirements for existing buildings
Thomsen, Kirsten Engelund; Wittchen, Kim Bjarne
This report collects energy performance requirements for existing buildings in European member states by June 2012.......This report collects energy performance requirements for existing buildings in European member states by June 2012....
Green Building Standards
Many organizations have developed model codes or rating systems that communities may use to develop green building programs or revise building ordinances. Some of the major options are listed on this page.
Introduction: Green Building Handbook
Full Text Available By recognising the specific environmental challenges facing South Africa, mindful of the government‘s commitment to reducing South Africa‘s Greenhouse gas emissions, and acknowledging the need to build social cohesion, the Green Building Handbook...
Integrated Building Health Management
National Aeronautics and Space Administration — Abstract: Building health management is an important part in running an efficient and cost-effective building. Many problems in a building’s system can go undetected...
Building the Korogwe Laboratory
Knudsen, Jakob; von Seidlein, Lorenz; Richard, Jean Pierre
An illustrated description of the building of a biomedical research laboratory in Korogwe, Tanzania.......An illustrated description of the building of a biomedical research laboratory in Korogwe, Tanzania....
Sustainable Building Operation
Jensen, Jesper Ole
of sustainable building operation and a survey amongst building administrators from the private and the social housing sector. Our results show that there are many good examples on sustainable building operation in Danish housing estates, where local building managers, residents etc. have gained impressive......Energy-savings in the existing building stock have becomes a main goal in national and international policies. Often focus is on building-renovations, whereas the potential of sustainable building operation to a large extent has been neglected. Nevertheless, international research as well...... as practical experiences from Danish housing estates indicates that there are large potentials for energy savings by focusing on the operation of the buildings. We suggest that in order to achieve sustainability in the existing housing, renovation and operations should be seen as integrated parts...
Robotic buildings(s)
Bier, H.H.
Technological and conceptual advances in fields such as artificial intelligence, robotics, and material science have enabled robotic building to be in the last decade prototypically implemented. In this context, robotic building implies both physically built robotic environments and robotically
Environmental indicators for buildings
Dammann, Sven
Environmental Indicators for Buildings are studied using two different perspectives: with a technological, environmental scientific departing point and with a social scientific departing point. Different relevant groups in the building sector are identified and analysed, using the Social...
Building Design & Construction - Sustainability
Offers a brief history of green building; presents the results of a specially commissioned survey; and analyzes the chief trends, issues, and published research, based on interviews with dozens of experts and participants in green building.
Buildings interoperability landscape - Draft
Hardin, Dave B. [Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States); Stephan, Eric G. [Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States); Wang, Weimin [Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States); Corbin, Charles D. [Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States); Widergren, Steven E. [Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
Buildings are an integral part of our nation’s energy economy. The advancement in information and communications technology (ICT) has revolutionized energy management in industrial facilities and large commercial buildings. As ICT costs decrease and capabilities increase, buildings automation and energy management features are transforming the small-medium commercial and residential buildings sectors. A vision of a connected world in which equipment and systems within buildings coordinate with each other to efficiently meet their owners’ and occupants’ needs, and where buildings regularly transact business with other buildings and service providers (such as gas and electric service providers) is emerging. However, while the technology to support this collaboration has been demonstrated at various degrees of maturity, the integration frameworks and ecosystems of products that support the ability to easily install, maintain, and evolve building systems and their equipment components are struggling to nurture the fledging business propositions of their proponents.
Building 431 fire tests
Alvares, N.J.; Beason, D.G.; Ford, H.W.; Magee, M.W.
An extensive discussion of considerations for fire protection in the LLL mirror fusion test facility (MFTF) is presented. Because of the large volume and high bays of the building, sufficient data on fire detection is unavailable. Results of fire detection tests using controlled fire sources in the building are presented. Extensive data concerning the behavior of the building atmosphere are included. Candidate fire detection instrumentation and extinguishing systems for use in the building are briefly reviewed
Nuclear reactor container
Ishiyama, Takenori.
This invention concerns a nuclear reactor container in which heat is removed from a container by external water injection. Heat is removed from the container by immersing the lower portion of the container into water and scattering spary water from above. Thus, the container can be cooled by the spray water falling down along the outer wall of the container to condensate and cool vapors filled in the container upon occurrence of accidents. Further, since the inside of the container can be cooled also during usual operation, it can also serve as a dry well cooler. Accordingly, heat is removed from the reactor container upon occurrence of accidents by the automatic operation of a spray device corresponding to the change of the internal temperature and the pressure in the reactor container. Further, since all of these devices are disposed out of container, maintenance is also facilitated. (I.S.)
Building founding method
Tateno, Seiya; Hirako, Shizuka.
The lower portion of a reactor building is buried at a level of a base rock. In the step of building construction, the base rock around the building is dug of keeping a construction space. The base rock present between the digging line and the building is replaced with an artificial base rock comprising aggregates and cement having a building constraining force substantially equal with that of the lower supporting base rock to obtain constraining force for the side portion of the building. The building itself is made of concrete steels. As the material for replacing the base rock between the digging line and the building, non-reinforced concrete having no steels may provide sufficient function. The burying depth is determined so as to align the surface of the base rock with the level of the base floor of the building. With such procedures, since it is not necessary to increase the area of the lower portion of the building, the amount of the materials for the building can be reduced. In addition, the earthquakes stability can be ensured without changing the shape of the building. (I.N.)
Management Of Building Projects
Niko Majdandzic; Tadija Lovric; Vido Peric
In this work we have shown the concept of logistic support in management in building production and in building of objects, which is realised in Enterprise resource Planning – ERP system ERPINSG, developed in Informatic firm Informatic engineering – ININ in Slavonski Brod, and in cooperation with scientists of catedra for informatics of Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and users from building firms.
Concepts in Building Firesafety.
Egan, M. David
The goal of this book is to present in a graphical format the principles of design for building firesafety. The book's more than 270 illustrations represent the core of its coverage of factors affecting fire ignition and spread in buildings, building site planning for fire suppression and occupant rescue operations, protection by building…
Green Building Research Laboratory
Sailor, David Jean [Portland State Univ., Portland, OR (United States)
This project provided support to the Green Building Research Laboratory at Portland State University (PSU) so it could work with researchers and industry to solve technical problems for the benefit of the green building industry. It also helped to facilitate the development of PSU’s undergraduate and graduate-level training in building science across the curriculum.
A research on verification of the CONTAIN CODE model and the uncertainty reduction method for containment integrity
Park, Jae-Hong; Kim, Moo-Hwan; Bae, Seong-Won; Byun, Sang-Chul [Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang (Korea, Republic of)
The final objectives of this study are to establish the way of measuring the integrity of containment building structures and safety analysis in the period of a postuIated severe accidents and to decrease the uncertainty of these methods. For that object, the CONTAIN 1.2 codes model for analyzing the severe accidents phenomena and the heat transfer between the air inside the containment buildings and inner walls have been reviewed and analyzed. For the double containment wall provided to the next generation nuclear reactor, which is different to the previous type of containment, the temperature and pressure rising history were calculated and compared to the results of previous ones.
The cobalt-60 container scanner
Jigang, A.; Liye, Z.; Yisi, L.; Haifeng, W.; Zhifang, W.; Liqiang, W.; Yuanshi, Z.; Xincheng, X.; Furong, L.; Baozeng, G.; Chunfa, S.
The Institute of Nuclear Energy Technology (INET) has successfully designed and constructed a container (cargo) scanner, which uses cobalt-60 of 100-300 Ci as radiation source. The following performances of the Cobalt-60 container scanner have been achieved at INET: a) IQI (Image Quality Indicator) - 2.5% behind 100 mm of steel; b) CI (Contrast Indicator) - 0.7% behind 100 mm of steel; c) SP (Steel Penetration) - 240 mm of steel; d) Maximum Dose per Scanning - 0.02mGy; e) Throughput - twenty 40-foot containers per hour. These performances are equal or similar to those of the accelerator scanners. Besides these nice enough inspection properties, the Cobalt-60 scanner possesses many other special features which are better than accelerator scanners: a) cheap price - it will be only or two tenths of the accelerator scanner's; b) low radiation intensity - the radiation protection problem is much easier to solve and a lot of money can be saved on the radiation shielding building; c) much smaller area for installation and operation; d) simple operation and convenient maintenance; e) high reliability and stability. The Cobalt-60 container (or cargo) scanner is satisfied for boundary customs, seaports, airports and railway stations etc. Because of the nice special features said above, it is more suitable to be applied widely. Its high properties and low price will make it have much better application prospects
Overpressurization performance of containment structures
Barr, P.; Bleackley, M.; Harrop, L.P.; Hargreaves, J.; Jowett, J.; Phillips, D.W.
The containment building of a PWR is the outermost engineered barrier between the reactor and the environment. The most important element of such a containment system is the pressure boundary structure and its associated seals and penetrations. This containment structure is designed deterministically to withstand a number of loads and load combinations of which the dominant one is generally the internal pressure due to the double-ended guillotine break in one of the primary circuit loops. Typically, the design basis large LOCA produces a peak pressure increase in the region of 0.3 MPa in some 10 seconds and with a duration of up to a few tens of seconds. The assessment of overpressure performance of the containment structure is a key component of the PWR safety case, and is usually carried out by estimating a static factor of safety to some failure limit state. These estimates can be made using simple force-balance calculations or complicated finite element calculations, and both approaches have merit. In this paper we examine these approaches and discuss their value in estimating failure pressures and failure modes for a variety of internal pressurization transients. This discussion covers both general design and risk considerations and is illustrated by numerical examples taken from previous and on-going analysis
Composite containment for nuclear power
Harstead, G.A.; Soeoet, O.
Fundamentally, a nuclear reactor containment structure provides three major functions; namely, (1), to withstand loads due to pressure and temperature increase due to Design Basis Accident (DBA) (2), to withstand environmental loads such as seismic, tornado and normal loads, and (3) act as a radiation shield. Conventional design practise is to employ either a steel vessel and concrete shield building or a steel lined concrete structure. This paper deals with a new concept in which a steel liner is employed which carries much of the primary membrane loads. This type of structure is similar in some aspects to the previously described systems: a) A mat, lined with a thin plate on its top surface, is similar to concrete containment. b) A cylinder and hemispherical dome, made up of steel plate and concrete, is about 2.5 feet thick (the minimum required for radiation shielding). Although the steel plate and concrete are in contact, as in concrete containment, the steel plate in composite containment is much thicker than the liner. There are two main advantages over present practise; namely reduction of materials and therefore reduced capital cost and even more significantly a shortened construction schedule which will permit more flexibility in overall plant construction schedule and will benefit the cash flow situation. (Auth.)
The evolution of CANDU containment design
Pendergast, Duane R.; Meneley, Daniel A.
This paper reviews Canadian containment design, reflects on forces which have shaped the evolving designs and contemplates future containment design subject to existing constraints of Canadian and International nuclear power regulations. The discussion mentions modifications which could play a role in easing customary restrictions on siting while meeting the intent and literal definition of Canadian licensing requirements. Many different containment concepts have been considered and deployed over the years. Professor Birkhofer points out that the earliest systems installed were 'dry containment'. These rely on large containment buildings designed to contain all the the steam from a loss of coolant. It was soon realized the large water inventory of boiling water reactors would require very large and expensive containment buildings. This led to the development of pressure suppression concepts. Various pressure suppression schemes have been devised to condense steam and thus reduce design pressure and volume requirements. Examples include the forcing of steam into condensing water pools of BWR's steam condensation by passage into arrays of ice, dousing spray systems in CANDU reactors, and the spray condenser systems of late model Soviet designed VVER - 440 reactors. The fundamental concept of energy removal by steam condensation can result in a small containment volume requiring low design pressure capability
Containment performance improvement program
Beckner, W.; Mitchell, J.; Soffer, L.; Chow, E.; Lane, J.; Ridgely, J.
The Containment Performance Improvement (CPI) program has been one of the main elements in the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission's (NRC's) integrated approach to closure of severe accident issues for US nuclear power plants. During the course of the program, results from various probabilistic risk assessment (PRA) studies and from severe accident research programs for the five US containment types have been examined to identify significant containment challenges and to evaluate potential improvements. The five containment types considered are: the boiling water reactor (BMR) Mark I containment, the BWR Mark II containment, the BWR Mark III containment, the pressurized water reactor (PWR) ice condenser containment, and the PWR dry containments (including both subatmospheric and large subtypes). The focus of the CPI program has been containment performance and accident mitigation, however, insights are also being obtained in the areas of accident prevention and accident management
Courthouse Prototype Building
Malhotra, Mini [ORNL; New, Joshua Ryan [ORNL; Im, Piljae [ORNL
As part of DOE's support of ANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard 90.1 and IECC, researchers at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) apply a suite of prototype buildings covering 80% of the commercial building floor area in the U.S. for new construction. Efforts have started on expanding the prototype building suite to cover 90% of the commercial building floor area in the U.S., by developing prototype models for additional building types including place of worship, public order and safety, public assembly. Courthouse is courthouse is a sub-category under the “Public Order and Safety" building type category; other sub-categories include police station, fire station, and jail, reformatory or penitentiary.ORNL used building design guides, databases, and documented courthouse projects, supplemented by personal communication with courthouse facility planning and design experts, to systematically conduct research on the courthouse building and system characteristics. This report documents the research conducted for the courthouse building type and proposes building and system characteristics for developing a prototype building energy model to be included in the Commercial Building Prototype Model suite. According to the 2012 CBECS, courthouses occupy a total of 436 million sqft of floor space or 0.5% of the total floor space in all commercial buildings in the US, next to fast food (0.35%), grocery store or food market (0.88%), and restaurant or cafeteria (1.2%) building types currently included in the Commercial Prototype Building Model suite. Considering aggregated average, courthouse falls among the larger with a mean floor area of 69,400 sqft smaller fuel consumption intensity building types and an average of 94.7 kBtu/sqft compared to 77.8 kBtu/sqft for office and 80 kBtu/sqft for all commercial buildings.Courthouses range in size from 1000 sqft to over a million square foot building gross square feet and 1 courtroom to over 100 courtrooms. Small courthouses
Drying of building lumber
Washimi, Hiroshi
Dried lumber is classified into air dried and kiln-dried lumber. The water content of kiln-dried lumber is specified by the Japan Agricultural Standards. However, since building lumber varies in such factors as the location where it was growing, species and shape, the standards, though relaxed, are not being observed. In fact, lumbered products which are not ''Kiln-dried'' frequently bear ''kiln-dried lumber'' marks. In an attempt to correct the situation, the Forestry Agency has set up voluntary standards, but problems still remain. The conventional drying method consists of first subjecting the lumber to optimum drying, then letting bending and deformations to freely and fully appear, and follow this with corrective sawing to produce planks straight from end to end. Compared with air dried lumber in terms of moisture content, kiln-dried lumber remains much with same with minimal shrinkage and expansion. For oil-containing resin, such normal treatments as drying by heating, steaming and boiling seem to be quite effective. Kiln drying, which is becoming more and more important with changes in the circulation system, consists of the steaming-drying-heating method and the dehumidizing type drying method. The major factor which determines the drying cost is the number of days required for drying, which depends largely on the kind of lumber and moisture content. The Forestry Angency is promoting production of defoiled lumber. (2 figs, 2 tables)
Green Buildings and Health.
Allen, Joseph G; MacNaughton, Piers; Laurent, Jose Guillermo Cedeno; Flanigan, Skye S; Eitland, Erika Sita; Spengler, John D
Green building design is becoming broadly adopted, with one green building standard reporting over 3.5 billion square feet certified to date. By definition, green buildings focus on minimizing impacts to the environment through reductions in energy usage, water usage, and minimizing environmental disturbances from the building site. Also by definition, but perhaps less widely recognized, green buildings aim to improve human health through design of healthy indoor environments. The benefits related to reduced energy and water consumption are well-documented, but the potential human health benefits of green buildings are only recently being investigated. The objective of our review was to examine the state of evidence on green building design as it specifically relates to indoor environmental quality and human health. Overall, the initial scientific evidence indicates better indoor environmental quality in green buildings versus non-green buildings, with direct benefits to human health for occupants of those buildings. A limitation of much of the research to date is the reliance on indirect, lagging and subjective measures of health. To address this, we propose a framework for identifying direct, objective and leading "Health Performance Indicators" for use in future studies of buildings and health.
Commercial Buildings Characteristics, 1992
Commercial Buildings Characteristics 1992 presents statistics about the number, type, and size of commercial buildings in the United States as well as their energy-related characteristics. These data are collected in the Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey (CBECS), a national survey of buildings in the commercial sector. The 1992 CBECS is the fifth in a series conducted since 1979 by the Energy Information Administration. Approximately 6,600 commercial buildings were surveyed, representing the characteristics and energy consumption of 4.8 million commercial buildings and 67.9 billion square feet of commercial floorspace nationwide. Overall, the amount of commercial floorspace in the United States increased an average of 2.4 percent annually between 1989 and 1992, while the number of commercial buildings increased an average of 2.0 percent annually.
Testing of a steel containment vessel model
Luk, V.K.; Hessheimer, M.F.; Matsumoto, T.; Komine, K.; Costello, J.F.
A mixed-scale containment vessel model, with 1:10 in containment geometry and 1:4 in shell thickness, was fabricated to represent an improved, boiling water reactor (BWR) Mark II containment vessel. A contact structure, installed over the model and separated at a nominally uniform distance from it, provided a simplified representation of a reactor shield building in the actual plant. This paper describes the pretest preparations and the conduct of the high pressure test of the model performed on December 11-12, 1996. 4 refs., 2 figs
Smart buildings: Energy efficient conditioning of building occupants
Zeiler, W.; Houten, van M.A.; Boxem, G.; Vehler, R.; Verhoeven, M.; Fremouw, M.
To further optimize energy performance of buildings, intelligent building control offers new possibilities. Intelligent Software Agents (ISA) can be implemented at different levels of building automation. Individual agents for individual climate control for each user of the building in combination
Building Protection Against External Ionizing Fallout Radiation
Dillon, Michael B. [Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States); Homann, Steven G. [Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
A nuclear explosion has the potential to injure or kill tens to hundreds of thousands of people through exposure to fallout (external gamma) radiation. Existing buildings can protect their occupants (reducing external radiation exposures) by placing material and distance between fallout particles and indoor individuals. This protection is not well captured in current fallout risk assessment models and so the US Department of Defense is implementing the Regional Shelter Analysis methodology to improve the ability of the Hazard Prediction and Assessment Capability (HPAC) model to account for building protection. This report supports the HPAC improvement effort by identifying a set of building attributes (next page) that, when collectively specified, are sufficient to calculate reasonably accurate, i.e., within a factor of 2, fallout shelter quality estimates for many individual buildings. The set of building attributes were determined by first identifying the key physics controlling building protection from fallout radiation and then assessing which building attributes are relevant to the identified physics. This approach was evaluated by developing a screening model (PFscreen) based on the identified physics and comparing the screening model results against the set of existing independent experimental, theoretical, and modeled building protection estimates. In the interests of transparency, we have developed a benchmark dataset containing (a) most of the relevant primary experimental data published by prior generations of fallout protection scientists as well as (b) the screening model results.
Pressure suppression device for nuclear reactor building
Ikegame, Noboru.
In a nuclear reactor building, there are disposed cooling coils connected to an air supply duct at the outside of the building, an air supply blower, an air supply duct having the top end opened, an exhaustion duct having the top end opened and a bypassing pipeline interposed between the exhaustion duct and the air supply duct on the side of the inlet of the cooling coils. In the reactor building, when a radioactive material leakage accident should occur, an isolation valve is closed to isolate the building from the outside. Further, bypassing isolation valve is opened to form a closed cooling circuit by the cooling coils, the air supply blower and the air supply duct, the exhaustion duct and the bypassing pipeline in the reactor building. With such a constitution, since air as the atmosphere in the building is circulated through the closed cooling circuit and cooled by the cooling coils, the temperature is not elevated. Accordingly, since the pressure elevation of the atmosphere in the building is suppressed, the atmosphere containing radioactive materials do not flow out of the building. (I.N.)
Residential and commercial buildings
Svendsen, Svend; Furbo, S.
Low-energy buildings can make a major contribution to general sustainable development by providing a solution to problems related to the use of fossil fuels. The EPBD (EU Directive on Energy Performance of Buildings) requirements that by 2020 new building shall be constructed to use nearly zero energy, and no fossil fuels, can be accomplished by combining low-energy buildings with renewable energy via low-temperature district heating in cities and suburbs, and via heat pumps for low-density settlements. Based on experience with passive houses, low-energy buildings meeting the energy performance requirements of 2020 are expected to cost only a few percent more than conventional buildings. The very large and rapid changes needed in the energy performance of buildings is a challenge for the building sector, but one that can be overcome by better methods of developing products and designing, constructing and operating buildings. Simulation-based analysis and optimisation, and considerations of durability, will be important here. Building may thus be transformed from an experience-based sector to one based on knowledge and research, with high-quality sustainable products and good business opportunities. (Author)
Taxing land for urban containment : Reflections on a Dutch debate
Korthals Altes, W.K.
Excessive land use regulations aimed at containing urban sprawl have been criticised, because they may overcompensate for the external effects of uncontrolled greenfield development and contribute to stagnation in house building. Taxes on building in green spaces may be an instrument for balancing
19 CFR 10.540 - Packing materials and containers for shipment.
...-Singapore Free Trade Agreement Rules of Origin § 10.540 Packing materials and containers for shipment. (a... the United States. Accordingly, in applying either the build-down or build-up method for determining... shipping container which it purchased from Company B in Singapore. The shipping container is originating...
Green Building Tools for Tribes
Tribal green building tools and funding information to support tribal building code adoption, healthy building, siting, energy efficiency, renewable energy, water conservation, green building materials, recycling and adaptation and resilience.
Buildings for the 21st Century, Fall 2001
The Buildings for the 21st Century newsletter is produced by the Office of Building Technology, State and Community Programs and contains information on building programs, events, products, and initiatives, with a focus on energy efficiency and renewable energy. The fall issue includes information on weatherization, Boise's geothermal heating system, the BTS Core Databook, the Solar Decathlon, a Rebuild America partnership, the BigHorn Home Improvement Center, AIA's Top Ten Buildings, a sub-CFL procurement program, the U.S. investment in energy efficient research, new efficiency standards, PNNL's building software, and a calendar of meetings and conferences.
1998 ACEEE summer study on energy efficiency in buildings: Proceedings
These proceedings are contained in the following 10 volumes: (1) Residential buildings--Technologies, design and performance analysis; (2) Residential buildings--Program design, implementation and evaluation; (3) Commercial buildings--Technologies, design and performance analysis; (4) Commercial buildings--Program design, implementation and evaluation; (5) International collaborations and global market issues; (6) Deregulation of the utility industry and role of energy services companies; (7) Market transformation; (8) Information technologies, consumer behavior, and non-energy benefits; (9) Sustainable development, climate change, energy planning, and policy; and (10) Building industry trends. Papers have been processed separately for inclusion on the data base.
Accident resistant transport container
Anderson, J.A.; Cole, K.K.
The invention relates to a container for the safe air transport of plutonium having several intermediate wood layers and a load spreader intermediate an inner container and an outer shell for mitigation of shock during a hypothetical accident.
Andersen, J.A.; Cole, J.K.
The invention relates to a container for the safe air transport of plutonium having several intermediate wood layers and a load spreader intermediate an inner container and an outer shell for mitigation of shock during a hypothetical accident
Net positive energy buildings
Romero, A.; Barreiro, E.; Sanchez Zabala, V.
Buildings are great consumers of energy, being responsible for almost 36% of CO2 emissions in Europe. Though there are many initiatives towards the reduction of energy consumption and CO2 emissions in buildings, many of the alternatives are diminished due to a lack of a unique and holistic approach to the problem. This paper reports a new innovative concept of Positive Energy Buildings (EB+), as well as an integral methodology that covers the overall design process for achieving them. The methodology evaluates energy efficiency solutions at different scales, from building site to generation systems. An educational building design in Navarra serves as a case study to check the feasibility of the proposed methodology. The study concludes that the key to achieve a Positive Energy Building is a minimized energy demand, complemented by efficient facilities and enhanced by distributed power generation from renewable sources. (Author).
Green buildings pay
Naboni, Emanuele; Edwards, Brian
The new edition of ‘Green Buildings Pay’ authored by Brian Edwards and Emanuele Naboni explores the business and professional benefits which derive from architectural design driven by sustainability. With a new sub-title ‘Green Buildings Pay: design, productivity and ecology’ the book argues...... that environmental design has altered how we design, construct and manage buildings. The book has relevance to those who not only design and engineer buildings but to those who commission architecture and those who occupy the products of this process. Hence, the user is a key consideration. The book examines via...... a number of LEED and BREEAM cases the buildings which flow from corporate environmental responsibility. A number of office and university buildings are examined from three main perspectives- the architect, client and user. One key finding is that architectural innovation has been driven by ecological...
Building materials. Stichwort Baustoff
Rohwer, W
To handle building materials properly, one must know about their characteristics. This pocket book will be of help: structured like a glossary, it gives brief descriptions of the most common building materials. It is small and handy enough to be a constant companion to resident engineers, foremen, gangers, building tradesmen, and construction workers and an aid in their training. The following groups of building materials are discussed: Natural stone; units for brick walls, floors, and roofs; mortar and concrete (definitions, binders, aggregates, additives, admixtures, mixing water); special types of plaster and rendering; light-weight building boards and wood wool basis; multilayer light-weight building boards; gypsum plasterboards; chimney construction; sewers; thermal insulation and sound section; structural steels; plastics.
Partiality and Container Monads
Uustalu, Tarmo; Veltri, Niccolò
the relationship between containers and lifting monads. We show that the lifting monads usually employed in type theory can be specified in terms of containers. Moreover, we give a precise characterization of containers whose interpretations carry a lifting monad structure. We show that these conditions...
Trends in building materials
Mapiravana, Joseph
Full Text Available , steel and composites research. Analysis of the building materials market situation in South Africa identified the major building material cost drivers as cement and concrete and steel. For South Africa, research and development focus has been... in South Africa be cement and concrete, light-weight steel construction, smart tiles and composite materials. Nanotechnology materials should be used for property enhancement. The building materials developed should be modularised and/or panelised...
Radon in buildings
Connell, J.J.
This guide is intended to inform designers, householders and other building owners about the radon problem and to help in deciding if there is need to take any action to reduce radon levels in their homes or other buildings.It explains what radon is, how it enters buildings and what effect it may have on health. Reference is made to some of the usual ways of reducing the level of radon and guidance is given on some sources of assistance
Ryan, N.M.; Finn, M.
This guide is intended to inform designers, contractors, householders and other building owners about radon in buildings and to provide guidance where it has been decided to take action to reduce radon levels. It gives some pointers to good practice insofar as it relates to non complex buildings of normal design and construction. Reference is made to the usual ways of reducing l;levels of radon and guidance is given on sources of further information. I
Development of Ecological Buildings
Andrius Keizikas
Full Text Available The article presents research on ecological buildings and their influence on the constructional sphere. The aim of the paper is to reveal the essence of ecological architecture showing substantial progress and its potential to stimulate architectural and technological growth. The article also describes relations between the ideas of ecological buildings and the ‘passive house’ concepts and aspects of development as well as describes the possibilities of improving building sustainability and energy efficiency. Article in Lithuanian
An Experimental Test of Factors Attracting Deer Mice into Buildings.
Kuenzi, Amy J; Douglass, Richard
Deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus) are the principal reservoir host of Sin Nombre virus (SNV). Deer mice use a wide variety of habitats including peridomestic settings in and around human dwellings, their presence in and around homes has been implicated as a risk factor for acquiring Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome. Deer mice are believed to enter buildings in order to gain access to a variety of resources including food, bedding material, and better thermal microclimates. However, no one has experimentally tested which factors influence mice use of buildings. We conducted experiments using small simulated buildings to determine the effects of two factors, i.e., food and bedding material, on mouse activity in these buildings. We also examined if these effects varied with time of year. We found that deer mice entered our buildings regardless of the presence or absence of food or bedding. However, the amount of activity in buildings was affected by what they contained. We found significantly higher indices of activity in buildings containing food compared to both empty buildings (control) and buildings containing bedding material. Time of year did not affect activity in buildings.
Stowing the Right Containers on Container Vessels
Jensen, Rune Møller
’s largest container vessels using standard mathematical programming techniques and off-the-shelf solvers. The presentation will provide basic insight into the domain, with pointers to further information that enable you to join in this promising new path of operations research and business....
Containment design for Indian PHWRs - evolution and future trends
Chatterjee, S.K.; Srinivasan, G.R.; Das, M.; Prakash, P.; Mulgund, S.
The design of containment systems for PHWRs in India has undergone progressive improvements to enhance their reliability and effectiveness. The state-of-the-art containment design incorporates a double containment structure for minimizing radioactivity release to the environment, a completely passive vapour suppression system with huge suppression pool for limiting pressure build-up during postulated LOCA and various engineered systems for depressurizing the containment and cleaning the containment environment following an accident. The containment related Engineered Safety Features (ESFS) include Reactor Building (RB) coolers, Primary Containment Controlled Discharge (PCCD) system, Primary Containment Filtration and Pump-Back (PCFPB) system and Secondary Containment Filtered Recirculation and Purge (SCFRP) system. Studies indicate that the unique feature of double containment with huge suppression pool at basement and associated ESFs not only ensures near zero ground level release during Design Basis Accident (DBA) conditions, but also provides adequate assurance for containment integrity even in beyond DBA scenario. In this paper, an outline of the containment design evolution in Indian PHWRs is presented and salient features of standardized containment design are highlighted. Important containment related studies are discussed and outstanding safety issues viz. hydrogen generation and management, containment venting, containment over pressure capability, etc. are addressed. (author). 16 refs., 1 tab., 8 figs
Healthy Buildings '88
Berglund, B.; Lindvall, T.; Maansson, L.G.
The Healthy Buildings '88 Conference focuses on the technical solutions and functional requirements contributing to Healthy Buildings for people to live and work in. The main object of the Conference is to give architects, consultants, real-estate owners and manufacturers of building materials recommendations on choice of materials and choice of systems and on how to combine materials and systems. The program includes overview lectures, plenary symposia with invited speakers, workshops, poster presentations and an exhibition of scientific, educational and technical material. One part of the conference is devoted to the problem of radon in residential buildings
Radon in large buildings
Wilson, D.L.; Dudney, C.S.; Gammage, R.B.
Over the past several years, considerable research has been devoted by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) and others to develop radon sampling protocols for single family residences and schools. However, very little research has been performed on measuring radon in the work place. To evaluate possible sampling protocols, 833 buildings throughout the United States were selected for extensive radon testing. The buildings tested (warehouses, production plants and office buildings) were representative of commercial buildings across the country both in design, size and use. Based on the results, preliminary radon sampling protocols for the work place have been developed. (orig.). (5 refs., 3 figs.)
Net Zero Energy Buildings
Marszal, Anna Joanna; Bourrelle, Julien S.; Gustavsen, Arild
and identify possible renewable energy supply options which may be considered in calculations. Finally, the gap between the methodology proposed by each organisation and their respective national building code is assessed; providing an overview of the possible changes building codes will need to undergo......The international cooperation project IEA SHC Task 40 / ECBCS Annex 52 “Towards Net Zero Energy Solar Buildings�, attempts to develop a common understanding and to set up the basis for an international definition framework of Net Zero Energy Buildings (Net ZEBs). The understanding of such buildings...
Sick building syndrome
Tjandra Y. Aditama
Full Text Available Sick building syndrome describes a number of mostly unspesific complaints of some occupants of the building. The exact pathophysiological mechanism remains elusive. It is a multi factorial event which may include physical, chemical, biological as well as psycological factors. In many cases it is due to insufficient maintenance of the HVAC (heating, ventilation, air conditioning system in the building. Sign and symptoms can be uncomfortable and even disabling, which may include mucus membrane irritation, neurotoxic symptoms, asthma like symptoms, skin complaints, gastrointestinal symptoms and other related symptoms. There are various investigation methods to diagnose sick building syndrome, and on site assessment of the building is extremely useful. Prevention through a proactive air quality monitoring program is far more desirable than dealing with an actual sick building. Indoor air and the sick building symdrome serves as a paradigm of modern occupational and environmental medicine. (Med J Indones 2002; 11:124-31Keywords: indoor air pollution, sick building syndrome, building related illness
Building valve amplifiers
Building Valve Amplifiers is a unique hands-on guide for anyone working with tube audio equipment--as an electronics hobbyist, audiophile or audio engineer. This 2nd Edition builds on the success of the first with technology and technique revisions throughout and, significantly, a major new self-build project, worked through step-by-step, which puts into practice the principles and techniques introduced throughout the book. Particular attention has been paid to answering questions commonly asked by newcomers to the world of the valve, whether audio enthusiasts tackling their first build or
Sargent and Lundy containment tests revisited
Henry, Robert E.; Hammersley, Robert J.
The pressurization experiments performed in the intermediate scale Sargent and Lundy containment test facility provide numerous insights into the dominant heat and mass transfer processes under design basis accident conditions similar to a large break Loss of Coolant Accident (LOCA). These experiments were the first integral tests to examine the containment response to a dynamic blowdown from the Reactor Coolant System (RCS). Measurements included the blowdown rate of the simulated Reactor Pressure Vessel (RPV), the pressure in containment as well as the containment temperatures in the top and bottom of the containment vessel. Furthermore, various experiments were performed with the blowdown location changed from the vessel bottom to the lower third of the vessel, the upper third of the vessel and near the top of the RPV to examine the influence of different types of break elevations, i.e. different characterizations of the exhausting steam-water mixture. Perhaps the most insightful set of measurements from these experiments were those that varied the cold water mass initially resident in the bottom of the simulated containment vessel. The role of this water as a function of its initial mass and the break location showed substantial influence of this water if the blowdown location provided sufficient energy to disperse this cold water into the containment building atmosphere. This is demonstrated in Figure 1 taken from Kolflat, 1960. All of these are relevant to an understanding of the dominant physical processes for this type of postulated accident condition. As such, it is important that all of these insights are retained and used in models for the containment building thermal-hydraulic response under accident conditions. Reference: Kolflat, A., 1960, 'Resulting of 1959 Nuclear Power Plant Containment Test', Sargent and Lundy Report SL-1800; Kolflat, A. and Chittenden, W. A., 1957, 'A New Approach to the Design of Containment Shells for Atomic Power Plants
Passive containment system
Kleimola, F.W.
Disclosed is a containment system that provides complete protection entirely by passive means for the loss of coolant accident in a nuclear power plant and wherein all stored energy released in the coolant blowdown is contained and absorbed while the nuclear fuel is prevented from over-heating by a high containment back-pressure and a reactor vessel refill system. The primary containment vessel is restored to a high sub-atmospheric pressure within a few minutes after accident initiation and the decay heat is safely transferred to the environment while radiolytic hydrogen is contained by passive means. 20 claims, 14 figures
Group 4. Containment
McCauley, V.S.; Keiser, J.R.
This paper summarizes the findings of the Containment Working Group which met at the Workshop on Radioactive, Hazardous, and/or Mixed Waste Sludge Management. The Containment Working Group (CWG) examined the problems associated with providing adequate containment of waste forms from both short- and long-term storage. By its nature, containment encompasses a wide variety of waste forms, storage conditions, container types, containment schemes, and handling activities. A containment system can be anything from a 55-gal drum to a 100-ft-long underground vault. Because of the diverse nature of containment systems, the CWG chose to focus its limited time on broad issues that are applicable to the design of any containment system, rather than attempting to address problems specific to a particular containment system or waste-form type. Four major issues were identified by the CWG. They relate to: (1) service conditions and required system performance; (2) ultimate disposition; (3) cost and schedule; and (4) acceptance criteria, including quality assurance/quality control (QA/QC) concerns. All of the issues raised by the group are similar in that they all help to define containment system requirements
Fibre-concrete container
In this leaflet the fibre-concrete container for radioactive wastes is described. The fibre container is made of fibre-concrete that contains cement, aggregate, sand, filter, flame-silica, super-plastificator, water and scattered metal fibres. The fibre-concrete container has a dice shape with outer dimension 1.7 x 1.7 x 1.7 m. It is mounted of a container body, a container cover and two caps. Total weight of container is 4,240 kg, maximum weight of loaded container do not must exceed 15,000 kg. The physical and mechanical properties of the fibre-concrete container are described in detail. The fibre-concrete container manufactured for storing of low and intermediate radioactive wastes. A fibre-concrete container utilization to store of radioactive wastes solves these problems: increase of stability of stored packages of radioactive waste; watertightness within 300 years at least; static stability of bearing space; better utilization of bearing spaces; insulation of radioactive waste in a case of seismic and geological event; increase of fire resistance; and transport of radioactive waste
Trust and Relationship Building in Electronic Commerce.
Papadopoulou, Panagiota; Andreou, Andreas; Kanellis, Panagiotis; Martakos, Drakoulis
Discussion of the need for trust in electronic commerce to build customer relationships focuses on a model drawn from established theoretical work on trust and relationship marketing that highlights differences between traditional and electronic commerce. Considers how trust can be built into virtual environments. (Contains 50 references.)…
Ice condenser containment analysis with the GOTHIC code
Yadon, T.P.
Analytical methodologies have recently been developed by Duke Power Company (Duke) to calculate the thermodynamic response of the ice condenser containment buildings at the McGuire and Catawba Nuclear Stations to high-energy line breaks. The GOTHIC computer code (Version 4.0) was utilized for these analyses. In the ice condenser containment design, a large mass of ice stored within the containment building is used to absorb the energy released from high-energy line breaks, thereby limiting the peak pressure and temperature in the containment building to within design limits. The McGuire and Catawba Nuclear Stations (both two-unit, 3411 MWth four-loop Westinghouse plants) are of the ice condenser containment design
Differential pressures on building walls during tornados
Yeh, G.C.K.
In the United States, containment structures and some auxiliary structures (control building, auxiliary building, spent fuel building, etc.) in nuclear power plants are required to be designed to withstand the effects of the design basis tornado. In addition to velocity pressures and missile impact a tornado also gives rise to a rapid change in atmospheric pressure, which can, in cases of closed or partially vented structures, produce direct differential pressure loading. In this paper a digital computer program is described which applies a tornado-induced, time-dependent atmospheric pressure change to a building and calculates the differential pressure histories across the interior and exterior walls of the building. Laws for quasi-steady, one-dimensional motion of an ideal compressible gas are used to calculate the pressures due to the flow of air through ports, doors and windows in the building. Numerical examples show that for each assumed atmospheric pressure change history a vent area to compartment volume ratio may be specified as the criterion for a building to be considered fully vented. (orig.) [de
Continuous commissioning of buildings: A case study of a campus building in Denmark
Markoska, Elena; Jradi, Muhyiddine; Jørgensen, Bo Nørregaard
The general trend in building commissioning is that the commissioning is often either insufficiently comprehensive in its execution, or it is not conducted at all. As such, it has been observed that buildings often will contain faults that have not been discovered during the commissioning phase....... In this paper, we present a framework for continuous verification and commissioning of a building with a set of performance tests that are able to monitor the performance and functionality with a daily granularity. The performance tests are run on a newly constructed campus building in Denmark, over the course...... of three months, and the results of the performance tests are presented within a dashboard application, which helps verify that the building is performing accordingly to its original design intent....
Regression Tree-Based Methodology for Customizing Building Energy Benchmarks to Individual Commercial Buildings
Kaskhedikar, Apoorva Prakash
According to the U.S. Energy Information Administration, commercial buildings represent about 40% of the United State's energy consumption of which office buildings consume a major portion. Gauging the extent to which an individual building consumes energy in excess of its peers is the first step in initiating energy efficiency improvement. Energy Benchmarking offers initial building energy performance assessment without rigorous evaluation. Energy benchmarking tools based on the Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey (CBECS) database are investigated in this thesis. This study proposes a new benchmarking methodology based on decision trees, where a relationship between the energy use intensities (EUI) and building parameters (continuous and categorical) is developed for different building types. This methodology was applied to medium office and school building types contained in the CBECS database. The Random Forest technique was used to find the most influential parameters that impact building energy use intensities. Subsequently, correlations which were significant were identified between EUIs and CBECS variables. Other than floor area, some of the important variables were number of workers, location, number of PCs and main cooling equipment. The coefficient of variation was used to evaluate the effectiveness of the new model. The customization technique proposed in this thesis was compared with another benchmarking model that is widely used by building owners and designers namely, the ENERGY STAR's Portfolio Manager. This tool relies on the standard Linear Regression methods which is only able to handle continuous variables. The model proposed uses data mining technique and was found to perform slightly better than the Portfolio Manager. The broader impacts of the new benchmarking methodology proposed is that it allows for identifying important categorical variables, and then incorporating them in a local, as against a global, model framework for EUI
Electromagnetically shielded building
Takahashi, T.; Nakamura, M.; Yabana, Y.; Ishikawa, T.; Nagata, K.
This invention relates to a building having an electromagnetic shield structure well-suited for application to an information network system utilizing electromagnetic waves, and more particularly to an electromagnetically shielded building for enhancing the electromagnetic shielding performance of an external wall. 6 figs
Reusing Old Manufacturing Buildings
Roman, Harry T.
This article presents an interesting design challenge for students, one that will certainly let them integrate subject matter and get a sense of pride for doing something useful in their own community. The author would be willing to bet that the average town or city has some old red brick manufacturing building(s) that have seen much better days.…
Building a Data Warehouse.
Levine, Elliott
Describes how to build a data warehouse, using the Schools Interoperability Framework (www.sifinfo.org), that supports data-driven decision making and complies with the Freedom of Information Act. Provides several suggestions for building and maintaining a data warehouse. (PKP)
Takahashi, T; Nakamura, M; Yabana, Y; Ishikawa, T; Nagata, K
This invention relates to a building having an electromagnetic shield structure well-suited for application to an information network system utilizing electromagnetic waves, and more particularly to an electromagnetically shielded building for enhancing the electromagnetic shielding performance of an external wall. 6 figs.
Building a Better Robot
Navah, Jan
Kids love to build robots, letting their imaginations run wild with thoughts of what they might look like and what they could be programmed to do. Yet when students use cereal boxes and found objects to make robots, often the projects look too similar and tend to fall apart. This alternative allows students to "build" robots in a different way,…
Building Numbers from Primes
Burkhart, Jerry
Prime numbers are often described as the "building blocks" of natural numbers. This article shows how the author and his students took this idea literally by using prime factorizations to build numbers with blocks. In this activity, students explore many concepts of number theory, including the relationship between greatest common factors and…
Building information modelling (BIM)
Conradie, Dirk CU
Full Text Available The concept of a Building Information Model (BIM) also known as a Building Product Model (BPM) is nothing new. A short article on BIM will never cover the entire filed, because it is a particularly complex filed that is recently beginning to receive...
Heat loss from Buildings
Karlsson, Kenneth; Næraa, Rikke
Determination of heat loss coefficients for buildings in Denmark. The coefficient are determined for 15 building groups and 3 year intervals. They are based on the BBR-registre and assumptions of U-values(W/K*m2)and computed in a simple spreed sheet model.The results are used in the REVEILLE...
SUSY GUT Model Building
Raby, Stuart
In this talk I discuss the evolution of SUSY GUT model building as I see it. Starting with 4 dimensional model building, I then consider orbifold GUTs in 5 dimensions and finally orbifold GUTs embedded into the E 8 xE 8 heterotic string.
Building Maintenance Syllabus.
Fischer, Joseph; Messier, Joseph
Building maintenance is a basic two-year trade education course requiring 2 1/2 hours of study on each of 160 teaching days per year. Student abilities should range from those capable of the simplest custodial work to those who may eventually be superintendents of building complexes. The syllabus is organized in sections by traditional skills…
Building Global Learning Communities
Cochrane, Thomas; Buchem, Ilona; Camacho, Mar; Cronin, Catherine; Gordon, Averill; Keegan, Helen
Within the background where education is increasingly driven by the economies of scale and research funding, we propose an alternative online open and connected framework (OOC) for building global learning communities using mobile social media. We critique a three year action research case study involving building collaborative global learning…
Future Green Buildings
Mathiesen, Brian Vad; Drysdale, David; Lund, Henrik
an energy system integration perspective, heat savings, electricity savings, and user behavioural aspects as well as energy storage and household level flexibility. Many reports on green or sustainable buildings focus only on savings levels and disregard the cost of renewable energy production. Some reports......Efficient buildings are essential for an affordable Danish energy supply in 2050. The purpose of this report is to describe the contribution and role of the building sector in a 100% renewable energy future, as well as the transitions that are necessary in the building sector to support this change....... The report builds on a literature review encompassing more than 50 reports and research papers over the last 10 years and more than a two decades knowledge about the interactions between different components of the energy sector. The review has been focused on aspects such as cost-effective solutions from...
Building perservation practice
Pilegaard, Marie Kirstine
, and they indicate the importance of this story to be preserved. The professionals, who cooperate on the preservation efforts for the cultural environments today, all emphasizes the communication of the story, but using different approaches towards the processes of reading, interpreting and communicating. The role...... planning? In this paper I will focus on the communication of the architects working with building preservation and planning, how they communicate the building, the interventions and the storytelling in practice. The methods used by the architects are based on a practice, where some skills are learned...... through education, such as documentation of buildings and the restoration as a way of communicating the architect's intervention on the building, meanwhile the communication of the buildings history is seen as a "natural" skill and the methods are not questioned in the practice. The storytelling has today...
CERN's newest building
Anaïs Vernède
With a growing number of users looking for offices, the shortage of space has become acute, particularly for physicists. Building 42, inaugurated on Friday 11 February, offers almost 300 new work-spaces and a particularly pleasant working environment.  Mauro Dell’Ambrogio, the Swiss State Secretary for Education and Research (left), Rolf Heuer , CERN Director-General (centre), and Mark Muller, President of the Government of the Republic and Canton of Geneva and Head of the Department of Construction and Information Technology (right) at the opening of Building 42 on 11 February, 2011.  Construction work for the new Building 42 began in January 2009, thanks to support from the Swiss foundation FIPOI (Fondation des immeubles pour les organisations internationales). After two years of work, the building, an extension of Building 40, is ready to accommodate physicists from around the world who have come to work on the LHC. "We had more than 25 external contractors working...
New "Risk-Targeted" Seismic Maps Introduced into Building Codes
Luco, Nicholas; Garrett, B.; Hayes, J.
Throughout most municipalities of the United States, structural engineers design new buildings using the U.S.-focused International Building Code (IBC). Updated editions of the IBC are published every 3 years. The latest edition (2012) contains new "risk-targeted maximum considered earthquake" (MCER) ground motion maps, which are enabling engineers to incorporate a more consistent and better defined level of seismic safety into their building designs.
Seismic evaluation of the LLNL plutonium facility (Building 332)
Hall, W.J.; Sozen, M.A.
The expected performance of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) Plutonium Facility (Building 332) subjected to earthquake ground motion has been evaluated. Anticipated behavior of the building, glove boxes, ventilation system and other systems critical for containment of plutonium is described for three severe postulated earthquake excitations. Based upon this evaluation, some damage to the building, glove boxes and ventilation system would be expected but no collapse of any structure is anticipated as a result of the postulated earthquake ground motions
Building the green way.
Lockwood, Charles
Just five or six years ago, the term "green building" evoked visions of barefoot, tie-dyed, granola-munching denizens. There's been a large shift in perception. Of course, green buildings are still known for conserving natural resources by, for example, minimizing on-site grading, using alternative materials, and recycling construction waste. But people now see the financial advantages as well. Well-designed green buildings yield lower utility costs, greater employee productivity, less absenteeism, and stronger attraction and retention of workers than standard buildings do. Green materials, mechanical systems, and furnishings have become more widely available and considerably less expensive than they used to be-often cheaper than their standard counterparts. So building green is no longer a pricey experiment; just about any company can do it on a standard budget by following the ten rules outlined by the author. Reliable building-rating systems like the U.S. Green Building Council's rigorous Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) program have done much to underscore the benefits of green construction. LEED evaluates buildings and awards points in several areas, such as water efficiency and indoor environmental quality. Other rating programs include the UK's BREEAM (Building Research Establishment's Environmental Assessment Method) and Australia's Green Star. Green construction is not simply getting more respect; it is rapidly becoming a necessity as corporations push it fully into the mainstream over the next five to ten years. In fact, the author says, the owners of standard buildings face massive obsolescence. To avoid this problem, they should carry out green renovations. Corporations no longer have an excuse for eschewing environmental and economic sustainability. They have at their disposal tools proven to lower overhead costs, improve productivity, and strengthen the bottom line.
Aerosol in the containment
Lanza, S.; Mariotti, P.
The US program LACE (LWR Aerosol Containment Experiments), in which Italy participates together with several European countries, Canada and Japan, aims at evaluating by means of a large scale experimental activity at HEDL the retention in the pipings and primary container of the radioactive aerosol released following severe accidents in light water reactors. At the same time these experiences will make available data through which the codes used to analyse the behaviour of the aerosol in the containment and to verify whether by means of the codes of thermohydraulic computation it is possible to evaluate with sufficient accuracy variable influencing the aerosol behaviour, can be validated. This report shows and compares the results obtained by the participants in the LACE program with the aerosol containment codes NAVA 5 and CONTAIN for the pre-test computations of the test LA 1, in which an accident called containment by pass is simulated
Sulfur-Containing Agrochemicals.
Devendar, Ponnam; Yang, Guang-Fu
Modern agricultural chemistry has to support farmers by providing innovative agrochemicals. In this context, the introduction of sulfur atoms into an active ingredient is still an important tool in modulating the properties of new crop-protection compounds. More than 30% of today's agrochemicals contain at least one sulfur atom, mainly in fungicides, herbicides and insecticides. A number of recently developed sulfur-containing agrochemical candidates represent a novel class of chemical compounds with new modes of action, so we intend to highlight the emerging interest in commercially active sulfur-containing compounds. This chapter gives a comprehensive overview of selected leading sulfur-containing pesticidal chemical families namely: sulfonylureas, sulfonamides, sulfur-containing heterocyclics, thioureas, sulfides, sulfones, sulfoxides and sulfoximines. Also, the most suitable large-scale synthetic methods of the recently launched or provisionally approved sulfur-containing agrochemicals from respective chemical families have been highlighted.
Reactor container structure
Sato, Yoshimi; Fukuda, Yoshio.
A main container of an FBR type reactor using liquid sodium as coolants is attached to a roof slug. The main container contains, as coolants, lower temperature sodium, and high temperature sodium above a reactor core and a partitioning plate. The main container has a structure comprising only longitudinal welded joints in parallel with axial direction in the vicinity of the liquid surface of high temperature sodium where a temperature gradient is steep and great thermal stresses are caused without disposing lateral welded joints in perpendicular to axial direction. Only the longitudinal welded joints having a great fatigue strength are thus disposed in the vicinity of the liquid surface of the high temperature sodium where axial thermal stresses are caused. This can improve reliability of strength at the welded portions of the main container against repeating thermal stresses caused in vicinity of the liquid surface of the main container from a view point of welding method. (I.N.)
High security container
Moreau, P.J.-M.; Monsterleet, G.A.
This invention concerns containments, vessels or tanks for containing and protecting products or installations of various kinds, to be called by the general denomination 'containers'. Such products can be, inter alia, liquids such as natural gas, ammonia, vinyle chloride and hydrocarbons. Far from just forming simple means of storage, the containers used for this must now be capable of withstanding fire, sabotage for instance rocket fire, even impacts from aircraft, earthquakes and other aggressions of the same kind. The particular object of this invention is to create a container withstanding all these various agressions. It must also be considered that this container can not only be used for storing products or materials but also for enclosing particularly dangerous or delicate installations, such as nuclear or chemical reactors [fr
Definition of containment failure
Cybulskis, P.
Core meltdown accidents of the types considered in probabilistic risk assessments (PRA's) have been predicted to lead to pressures that will challenge the integrity of containment structures. Review of a number of PRA's indicates considerable variation in the predicted probability of containment failure as a function of pressure. Since the results of PRA's are sensitive to the prediction of the occurrence and the timing of containment failure, better understanding of realistic containment capabilities and a more consistent approach to the definition of containment failure pressures are required. Additionally, since the size and location of the failure can also significantly influence the prediction of reactor accident risk, further understanding of likely failure modes is required. The thresholds and modes of containment failure may not be independent
Radiological containment handbook
The purpose of this NUREG is to be used as a reference text. It is meant to be used by the working personnel as a guide for using temporary radiological containments. The installing group and health physics group may vary among organizations but responsibilities and duties will not change. It covers installation and inspection containments; working and operating guidelines; operating requirement; emergency procedures; and removal of containments
Pituitary tumors containing cholecystokinin
Rehfeld, J F; Lindholm, J; Andersen, B N
We found small amounts of cholecystokinin in the normal human adenohypophysis and therefore examined pituitary tumors from 87 patients with acromegaly, Cushing's disease, Nelson's syndrome, prolactinoma, or inactive pituitary adenomas. Five adenomas associated with Nelson's syndrome contained......'s disease and 7 acromegaly with adenomas containing ACTH. The cholecystokinin peptides from the tumors were smaller and less sulfated than cholecystokinin from normal pituitary glands. We conclude that ACTH-producing pituitary cells may also produce an altered form of cholecystokinin....
Containment safety margins
Von Riesemann, W.A.
Objective of the Containment Safety Margins program is the development and verification of methodologies which are capable of reliably predicting the ultimate load-carrying capability of light water reactor containment structures under accident and severe environments. The program was initiated in June 1980 at Sandia and this paper addresses the first phase of the program which is essentially a planning effort. Brief comments are made about the second phase, which will involve testing of containment models
Multicusp plasma containment apparatus
Limpaecher, R.
It has been discovered that plasma containment by a chamber having multi-pole magnetic cusp reflecting walls in combination with electronic injection for electrostatic containment provides the means for generating magnetic field free quiescent plasmas for practical application in ion-pumps, electronic switches, and the like. 1250 ''alnico v'' magnets 1/2 '' X 1/2 '' X 1 1/2 '' provide containment in one embodiment. Electromagnets embodying toroidal funneling extend the principle to fusion apparatus
Radioactive material transporting container
Watabe, Yukio.
As a supporting member of a sealing container for containing spent fuels, etc., a straight pipe or a cylinder has been used. However, upon dropping test, the supporting member is buckled toward the central axis of a transporting container and a shock absorber is crushed in the axial direction to prevent its pushing force to the outer side, which may possibly hinder normal shock moderating function. Then, at least more than one-half of the supporting member is protruded radially to the outer side of the sealing container beyond the fixed portion with the sealed container, so that the member has a portion extended in the radial outside of the transporting container with an angle greater than the angle formed between a line connecting the outer circumference at the bottom of an outer cylinder with the gravitational center of the transporting container and the central axis of the transporting container. As a result, buckling of the supporting member toward the central axis of the transporting container upon dropping test can be prevented and the deformation of the shock absorber is neither not prevented to exhibit normal shock absorbing effect. This can improve the reliability and reduce the amount of shock absorbers. (N.H.)
CONTAIN independent peer review
Boyack, B.E.; Corradini, M.L.; Khatib-Rahbar, M.; Loyalka, S.K.; Smith, P.N.
The CONTAIN code was developed by Sandia National Laboratories under the sponsorship of the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) to provide integrated analyses of containment phenomena. It is used to predict nuclear reactor containment loads, radiological source terms, and associated physical phenomena for a range of accident conditions encompassing both design-basis and severe accidents. The code's targeted applications include support for containment-related experimental programs, light water and advanced light water reactor plant analysis, and analytical support for resolution of specific technical issues such as direct containment heating. The NRC decided that a broad technical review of the code should be performed by technical experts to determine its overall technical adequacy. For this purpose, a six-member CONTAIN Peer Review Committee was organized and a peer review as conducted. While the review was in progress, the NRC issued a draft ''Revised Severe Accident Code Strategy'' that incorporated revised design objectives and targeted applications for the CONTAIN code. The committee continued its effort to develop findings relative to the original NRC statement of design objectives and targeted applications. However, the revised CONTAIN design objectives and targeted applications. However, the revised CONTAIN design objectives and targeted applications were considered by the Committee in assigning priorities to the Committee's recommendations. The Committee determined some improvements are warranted and provided recommendations in five code-related areas: (1) documentation, (2) user guidance, (3) modeling capability, (4) code assessment, and (5) technical assessment
Boyack, B.E. [Los Alamos National Lab., NM (United States); Corradini, M.L. [Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, WI (United States). Nuclear Engineering Dept.; Denning, R.S. [Battelle Memorial Inst., Columbus, OH (United States); Khatib-Rahbar, M. [Energy Research Inc., Rockville, MD (United States); Loyalka, S.K. [Univ. of Missouri, Columbia, MO (United States); Smith, P.N. [AEA Technology, Dorchester (United Kingdom). Winfrith Technology Center
The CONTAIN code was developed by Sandia National Laboratories under the sponsorship of the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) to provide integrated analyses of containment phenomena. It is used to predict nuclear reactor containment loads, radiological source terms, and associated physical phenomena for a range of accident conditions encompassing both design-basis and severe accidents. The code`s targeted applications include support for containment-related experimental programs, light water and advanced light water reactor plant analysis, and analytical support for resolution of specific technical issues such as direct containment heating. The NRC decided that a broad technical review of the code should be performed by technical experts to determine its overall technical adequacy. For this purpose, a six-member CONTAIN Peer Review Committee was organized and a peer review as conducted. While the review was in progress, the NRC issued a draft ``Revised Severe Accident Code Strategy`` that incorporated revised design objectives and targeted applications for the CONTAIN code. The committee continued its effort to develop findings relative to the original NRC statement of design objectives and targeted applications. However, the revised CONTAIN design objectives and targeted applications. However, the revised CONTAIN design objectives and targeted applications were considered by the Committee in assigning priorities to the Committee`s recommendations. The Committee determined some improvements are warranted and provided recommendations in five code-related areas: (1) documentation, (2) user guidance, (3) modeling capability, (4) code assessment, and (5) technical assessment.
Reactor container cooling device
Ando, Koji; Kinoshita, Shoichiro
The device of the present invention efficiently lowers pressure and temperature in a reactor container upon occurrence of a severe accident in a BWR-type reactor and can cool the inside of the container for a long period of time. That is, (1) pipelines on the side of an exhaustion tower of a filter portion in a filter bent device of the reactor container are in communication with pipelines on the side of a steam inlet of a static container cooling device by way of horizontal pipelines, (2) a back flow check valve is disposed to horizontal pipelines, (3) a steam discharge valve for a pressure vessel is disposed closer to the reactor container than the joint portion between the pipelines on the side of the steam inlet and the horizontal pipelines. Upon occurrence of a severe accident, when the pressure vessel should be ruptured and steams containing aerosol in the reactor core should be filled in the reactor container, the inlet valve of the static container cooling device is closed. Steams are flown into the filter bent device of the reactor container, where the aerosols can be removed. (I.S.).
Most Recent Sampling Results for Annex III Building
Contains email from Scott Miller, US EPA to Scott Kramer. Subject: Most Recent Sampling Results for Annex III Building. (2:52 PM) and Gore(TM) Surveys Analytical Results U.S. Geological Survey, Montgomery, AL.
Allegheny County Municipal Building Energy and Water Use
Allegheny County / City of Pittsburgh / Western PA Regional Data Center — This dataset contains energy and water use information from 2010 to 2014 for 144 County-operated buildings. Metrics include: kBtu (thousand British thermal units),...
Nation-building Initiatives of the Olusegun Obasanjo Administration ...
uon1
contained about 250 ethnic groups with over 350 spoken languages (Almond, et ..... necessity for a central government, and the identification with the central ... There are three elements of nation-building: ideology, integration of society and.
Using Sorting Networks for Skill Building and Reasoning
Andre, Robert; Wiest, Lynda R.
Sorting networks, used in graph theory, have instructional value as a skill- building tool as well as an interesting exploration in discrete mathematics. Students can practice mathematics facts and develop reasoning and logic skills with this topic. (Contains 4 figures.)
Bats roosting in public buildings: A preliminary assessment from ...
Madagascar has many synanthropic bat species but relatively little is known about how people interact with them. A preliminary assessment on the presence of bats in buildings and their interactions with people was conducted in the eastern town of Moramanga. Fifty of the 156 buildings were reported to contain active bat ...
Structural acceptance criteria Remote Handling Building Tritium Extraction Facility
Mertz, G.
This structural acceptance criteria contains the requirements for the structural analysis and design of the Remote Handling Building (RHB) in the Tritium Extraction Facility (TEF). The purpose of this acceptance criteria is to identify the specific criteria and methods that will ensure a structurally robust building that will safely perform its intended function and comply with the applicable Department of Energy (DOE) structural requirements.
Polychlorinated biphenyl sources, environmental levels, and exposures in school buildings
Background: Building materials and components containing polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were used in some U.S. school buildings until the late 1970s and may be present today. There is limited information on source factors and occupant exposures. Methods: Analysis of PCBs in mat...
Operation and maintenance of the technical installations in buildings
Nielsen, O.(red.)
The report contains twelve papers from a seminar on operation and maintenance, held at the Danish Building Research Institute in October 1976. The papers deal, among other things, with dimensioning and balancing of pipesystems, design of ventilating systems for adequate operation and maintenance,......, cost and quality in maintenance, maintenance service companies, as well as organization and training for building services maintenance....
Build an Inexpensive Wind Tunnel to Test CO2 Cars
McCormick, Kevin
As part of the technology education curriculum, the author's eighth-grade students design, build, test, and race CO2 vehicles. To help them in refining their designs, they use a wind tunnel to test for aerodynamic drag. In this article, the author describes how to build a wind tunnel using inexpensive, readily available materials. (Contains 1…
This structural acceptance criteria contains the requirements for the structural analysis and design of the Remote Handling Building (RHB) in the Tritium Extraction Facility (TEF). The purpose of this acceptance criteria is to identify the specific criteria and methods that will ensure a structurally robust building that will safely perform its intended function and comply with the applicable Department of Energy (DOE) structural requirements
Training program for energy conservation in new-building construction. Volume II. Energy conservation technology: for the building inspector
A Model Code for Energy Conservation in New Building Construction has been developed by those national organizations primarily concerned with the development and promulgation of model codes. The technical provisions are based on ASHRAE Standard 90-75 and are intended for use by state and local officials. This training manual contains the basic information necessary to acquaint the field building inspector with the concepts of energy conservation in buildings and instructs him in the basic techniques of field inspection of energy compliance.
Vibration-damping structure for reactor building
Kuno, Toshio; Iba, Chikara; Tanaka, Hideki; Kageyama, Mitsuru
In a damping structure of a reactor building, an inner concrete body and a reactor container are connected by way of a vibration absorbing member. As the vibration absorbing member, springs or dampers are used. The inner concrete body and the reactor container each having weight and inherent frequency different from each other are opposed displaceably by way of the vibration absorbing member thereby enabling to reduce seismic input and reduce shearing force at least at leg portions. Accordingly, seismic loads are reduced to increase the grounding rate of the base thereby enabling to satisfy an allowable value. Therefore, it is not necessary to strengthen the inner concrete body and the reactor container excessively, the amount of reinforcing rods can be reduced, and the amount of a portion of the base buried to the ground can be reduced thereby enabling to constitute the reactor building easily. (N.H.)
Building Software with Gradle
CERN. Geneva; Studer, Etienne
In this presentation, we will give an overview of the key concepts and main features of Gradle, the innovative build system that has become the de-facto standard in the enterprise. We will cover task declaration and task graph execution, incremental builds, multi-project builds, dependency management, applying plugins, extracting reusable build logic, bootstrapping a build, and using the Gradle daemon. By the end of this talk, you will have a good understanding of what makes Gradle so powerful yet easy to use. You will also understand why companies like Pivotal, LinkedIn, Google, and other giants with complex builds count on Gradle. About the speakers Etienne is leading the Tooling Team at Gradleware. He has been working as a developer, architect, project manager, and CTO over the past 15 years. He has spent most of his time building software products from the ground up and successfully shipping them to happy customers. He had ...
Concrete containment integrity program at EPRI
Winkleblack, R.K.; Tang, Y.K.
Many in the nuclear power plant business believe that the catastrophic failure mode for reactor containment structures is unrealistic. One of the goals of the EPRI containment integrity program is to demonstrate that this is true. The objective of the program is to provide the utility industry with an experimental data base and a test-validated analytical method for realistically evaluating the actual over-pressure capability of concrete containment buildings and to predict leakage behavior if higher pressures were to occur. The ultimate goal of this research effort is to characterize the containment leakage mode and rate as a function of internal pressure and time so that the risk can be realistically assessed for hypothetical degraded core accidents. Progress in the first and second phases of the three-phase analytical and testing efforts is discussed
Structural response of rectilinear containment to overpressurization
Pfeiffer, P.A.; Kulak, R.F.
Containment structures for nuclear reactors are the final barrier between released radionuclides and the public. Containment structures are constructed from steel, reinforced concrete, or prestressed concrete. US nuclear reactor containment geometries tend to be cylindrical with elliptical or hemispherical heads. The older Soviet designed reactors do not use a containment building to mitigate the effects of accidents. Instead, they employ a sealed set of rectilinear, interconnected compartments, collectively called the accident localization system (ALS), to reduce the release of radionuclides to the atmosphere during accidents. The purpose of this paper is to present a methodology that can be used to find the structural capacity of reinforced concrete structures. The method is applicable to both cylindrical and rectilinear geometries. As an illustrative example, the methodology is applied to a generic VVER-440/V213 design
A new CANDU-600 containment structure
Serban, V.; Bobei, M.; Gheorghiu, M.; Popescu, M.; Stanciu, M.; Dinica, D.; Alexandru, C.
This paper is presenting a structure made of reinforced concrete with rectangular cross-section, box-divided, prefabricated and modulled on a bay 6.5 m wide and 4.5 m high, and provided with a steel liner. The building has an overall basement in which the steel liner is embedded and which is supporting the building walls. The inner structure is common to the containment as well and it is carried out for each room (generally 6.5 m by 6.5 m) having intermediar floors at the necessary elevations. The containment dimensions, on horizontal plane are 6 x 6.5 m by 5 x 6.5 m and the total height of the side walls is 30.5 m. The containment is closed in A-C direction by a prefabricated semi-cylinder which is supported by the side walls and 5 intermediate arches. The fuel transfer deck structure is common to the inner structure and the containment structure. The Calandria vault is a separate individual structure located above E1. 100. For CANDU-600 main equipment the same arrangement was maintained, some unsignificant modifications being made, for example, the access areas located in the four corners of the building as well as the location of some auxiliary systems. The paper is also including a set of 1:200 scale drawings, comments on the construction manner and the results of the building structural analysis. The suggested solution is evidencing economical benefits facilities in the operation and construction of the plant and it is specially recommended for areas with high seismic events. (author)
ITER containment design-assist analysis
Nguyen, T.H.
In this report, the analysis methods, models and assumptions used to predict the pressure and temperature transients in the ITER containment following a loss of coolant accident are presented. The ITER reactor building is divided into 10 different volumes (zones) based on their functional design. The base model presented in this report will be modified in volume 2 in order to determine the peak pressure, the required size of openings between various functional zones and the differential pressures on walls separating these zones
Buildings Interoperability Landscape
Hardin, Dave [Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States); Stephan, Eric G. [Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States); Wang, Weimin [Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States); Corbin, Charles D. [Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States); Widergren, Steven E. [Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
Through its Building Technologies Office (BTO), the United States Department of Energy’s Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (DOE-EERE) is sponsoring an effort to advance interoperability for the integration of intelligent buildings equipment and automation systems, understanding the importance of integration frameworks and product ecosystems to this cause. This is important to BTO’s mission to enhance energy efficiency and save energy for economic and environmental purposes. For connected buildings ecosystems of products and services from various manufacturers to flourish, the ICT aspects of the equipment need to integrate and operate simply and reliably. Within the concepts of interoperability lie the specification, development, and certification of equipment with standards-based interfaces that connect and work. Beyond this, a healthy community of stakeholders that contribute to and use interoperability work products must be developed. On May 1, 2014, the DOE convened a technical meeting to take stock of the current state of interoperability of connected equipment and systems in buildings. Several insights from that meeting helped facilitate a draft description of the landscape of interoperability for connected buildings, which focuses mainly on small and medium commercial buildings. This document revises the February 2015 landscape document to address reviewer comments, incorporate important insights from the Buildings Interoperability Vision technical meeting, and capture thoughts from that meeting about the topics to be addressed in a buildings interoperability vision. In particular, greater attention is paid to the state of information modeling in buildings and the great potential for near-term benefits in this area from progress and community alignment.
Pressurized Water Reactor containment in Russia
Taymouri, Majid.
One of the most important systems of nuclear power plants from an economical point of view and view point of safety is containment; Therefore, the containments designed in Russia were studied in the first chapter. Russian general rules and requirements of structure of accident localization system were illustrated. Methods of accident localization system rooms tested for tightness and strength are presented in chapter three. Russian specialists have been working hard to ensure the safety culture in building structures and operational procedures and the have successfully implemented these objectives in new nuclear power plant designs and rules
Energy management systems in buildings
Lush, D. M.
An investigation is made of the range of possibilities available from three types of systems (automatic control devices, building envelope, and the occupants) in buildings. The following subjects are discussed: general (buildings, design and personnel); new buildings (envelope, designers, energy and load calculations, plant design, general design parameters); existing buildings (conservation measures, general energy management, air conditioned buildings, industrial buildings); man and motivation (general, energy management and documentation, maintenance, motivation); automatic energy management systems (thermostatic controls, optimized plant start up, air conditioned and industrial buildings, building automatic systems). (MCW)
FAUST/CONTAIN
Explosive composition containing water
Cattermole, G.R.; Lyerly, W.M.; Cummings, A.M.
This addition to Fr. 1,583,223, issued 31 May 1968, describes an explosive composition containing a water in oil emulsion. The composition contains an oxidizing mineral salt, a nitrate base salt as sensitizer, water, an organic fuel, a lipophilic emulsifier, and incorporates gas bubbles. The composition has a performance which is improved over and above the original patent.
Tougher containment design goals
O'Farrelly, C.
Present day LWR containment design goals are reviewed, together with their potential failure modes. Rasmussen's estimates of failure probabilities are discussed and the concept of ''delayed failure'' is seen to be a valuable safety goal for hypothetical accidents. The paper investigates the inherent coremelt resistance capability of various containment designs and suggests improvements, with special emphasis on increasing the failure delay times. (author)
CONTAINER TERMINALS IN EUROPE
Bart W. WIEGMANS
Full Text Available This paper aims to address the linkage between logistics (in particular, the management of marketing channel flows and transport markets, while also the interaction between these two markets and intermodal container terminals is analysed. The marketing channel theory is used to describe all relevant actors and flows that run through marketing channels, starting with customer needs and ending with customer satisfaction. Porter's theory of competitive advantages is used to review competitive forces in both markets. Finally, a competitor analysis is performed for the logistics and transport market. These theories are applied so as to be able to determine the competitive position of intermodal container terminals with a view to the management of marketing channel flows and the physical transport of freight flows. Hence, the central question of this paper is: Which markets are served by intermodal container terminals and with whom are they competing? At present, neither the maritime container terminals nor the continental container terminals appear to have a significant influence in the logistics service market; they concentrate mainly on the physical movement of containers (transshipment. Furthermore, maritime container terminals and continental container terminals are not dominant players in the transport service market. Our conclusion is that continental terminals are predominantly competing with unimodal road transport, with neighbouring continental terminals and with barge transport companies.
CONTAINER FOR USED TEXTILES
Relation with the Host States
We should like to remind you that a special container for textiles for the Association 'Réalise/Rapid Service' of Geneva is located in the car park outside the Meyrin site. The Association has informed us that 3 306 kg of textiles were deposited in the container in 2000 and wishes to convey its warm gratitude to all donors.
Containment and surveillance devices
Campbell, J.W.; Johnson, C.S.; Stieff, L.R.
The growing acceptance of containment and surveillance as a means to increase safeguards effectiveness has provided impetus to the development of improved surveillance and containment devices. Five recently developed devices are described. The devices include one photographic and two television surveillance systems and two high security seals that can be verified while installed
Throughput maximization of parcel sorter systems by scheduling inbound containers
Haneyah, S.W.A.; Schutten, Johannes M.J.; Fikse, K.; Clausen, Uwe; ten Hompel, Michael; Meier, J. Fabian
This paper addresses the inbound container scheduling problem for automated sorter systems in express parcel sorting. The purpose is to analyze which container scheduling approaches maximize the throughput of sorter systems. We build on existing literature, particularly on the dynamic load balancing
Marszal, Anna Joanna; Heiselberg, Per; Bourrelle, J.S.
The concept of Zero Energy Building (ZEB) has gained wide international attention during last few years and is now seen as the future target for the design of buildings. However, before being fully implemented in the national building codes and international standards, the ZEB concept requires......, (4) the type of energy balance, (5) the accepted renewable energy supply options, (6) the connection to the energy infrastructure and (7) the requirements for the energy efficiency, the indoor climate and in case of gird connected ZEB for the building–grid interaction. This paper focuses...
Integrated Building Design
Heiselberg, Per
In the first half of the 20th century, HVAC systems and artificial lighting were developed to meet indoor comfort needs. Before the introduction of mechanical systems, climate - not building style or appearance - was the major determinant of building form. Comfort was achieved through passive means...... and architectural features built into the design. However, with the advent of new technologies, architects were no longer constrained by the need to ensure that buildings had ample daylighting, remained airy and cool in the summer and warm in the winter. Since HVAC systems and artificial lighting could satisfy...
Building Social Web Applications
Bell, Gavin
Building a web application that attracts and retains regular visitors is tricky enough, but creating a social application that encourages visitors to interact with one another requires careful planning. This book provides practical solutions to the tough questions you'll face when building an effective community site -- one that makes visitors feel like they've found a new home on the Web. If your company is ready to take part in the social web, this book will help you get started. Whether you're creating a new site from scratch or reworking an existing site, Building Social Web Applications
Yamaki, Rika; Kawabe, Ryuhei.
A venturi scrubber is connected to a nuclear reactor container. Gases containing radioactive aerosols in the container are introduced into the venturi scrubber in the form of a high speed stream under the pressure of the container. The radioactive aerosols are captured by inertia collision due to the velocity difference between the high speed gas stream and water droplets. In the case of the present invention, since the high pressure of the reactor container generated upon accident is utilized, compressor, etc. is no more required, thereby enabling to reduce the size of the aerosol removing device. Further, since no external power is used, the radioactive aerosols can be removed with no starting failure upon accidents. (T.M.)
Containment vessel drain system
Harris, Scott G.
A system for draining a containment vessel may include a drain inlet located in a lower portion of the containment vessel. The containment vessel may be at least partially filled with a liquid, and the drain inlet may be located below a surface of the liquid. The system may further comprise an inlet located in an upper portion of the containment vessel. The inlet may be configured to insert pressurized gas into the containment vessel to form a pressurized region above the surface of the liquid, and the pressurized region may operate to apply a surface pressure that forces the liquid into the drain inlet. Additionally, a fluid separation device may be operatively connected to the drain inlet. The fluid separation device may be configured to separate the liquid from the pressurized gas that enters the drain inlet after the surface of the liquid falls below the drain inlet.
Hydrogen burn assessment with the CONTAIN code
van Rij, H.M.
The CONTAIN computer code was developed at Sandia National Laboratories, under contract to the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC). The code is intended for calculations of containment loads during severe accidents and for prediction of the radioactive source term in the event that the containment leaks or fails. A strong point of the CONTAIN code is the continuous interaction of the thermal-hydraulics phenomena, aerosol behavior and fission product behavior. The CONTAIN code can be used for Light Water Reactors as well as Liquid Metal Reactors. In order to evaluate the CONTAIN code on its merits, comparisons between the code and experiments must be made. In this paper, CONTAIN calculations for the hydrogen burn experiments, carried out at the Nevada Test Site (NTS), are presented and compared with the experimental data. In the Large-Scale Hydrogen Combustion Facility at the NTS, 21 tests have been carried out. These tests were sponsored by the NRC and the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI). The tests, carried out by EG and G, were performed in a spherical vessel 16 m in diameter with a design pressure of 700 kPa, substantially higher than that of most commercial nuclear containment buildings
Analysis of failures in concrete containments
Moreno-Gonzalez, A.
The function of Containment, in an accident event, is to avoid the release of radioactive substances into the surroundings. Containment failure, therefore, is defined as the appearance of leak paths to the external environment. These leak paths may appear either as a result of loss of leaktightness due to degradation of design conditions or structural failure with containment material break. This document is a survey of the state of the art of Containment Failure Analysis. It gives a detailed description of all failure mechanisms, indicating all the possible failure modes and their causes, right from failure resulting from degradation of the materials to structural failure and linear breake failure. Following the description of failure modes, possible failure criteria are identified, with special emphasis on structural failure criteria. These criteria have been obtained not only from existing codes but also from the latest experimental results. A chapter has been dedicated exclusively to failure criteria in conventional structures, for the purpose of evaluating the possibility of application to the case of containment. As the structural behaviour of the containment building is very complex, it is not possible to define failure through a single parameter. It is therefore advisable to define a methodology for containment failure analysis which could be applied to a particular containment. This methodology should include prevailing load and material conditions together with the behaviour of complex conditions such as the liner-anchorage-cracked concrete interaction
Commissioning for Humidified Buildings
Deal, Brian
.... Although proper commissioning procedures have been noted to reduce the potential for approximately 70 percent of these claims, no standards exist for the control of moisture migration in building...
Greening Existing Tribal Buildings
Guidance about improving sustainability in existing tribal casinos and manufactured homes. Many steps can be taken to make existing buildings greener and healthier. They may also reduce utility and medical costs.
Net-zero building
Full Text Available In its experimental work on research and development of innovative technologies for low income housing on the Innovation Site on the CSIR campus in Pretoria, the Building Science and Technology (BST) competence area identified a number...
Building and Contents Insurance.
Freese, William C.
Insurance coverage of school buildings and contents is becoming increasingly difficult to obtain, and increases of 50 percent or more in the premium are not uncommon. Methods of reducing premium increases are outlined in this speech. (MLF)
Research Staff | Buildings | NREL
Research Staff Research Staff Photo of Roderick Jackson Roderick Jackson Laboratory Program Manager -related research at NREL. He works closely with senior laboratory management to set the strategic agenda for NREL's buildings portfolio, including all research, development, and market implementation
Dammann, S.
Whenever we shop, the products we consider buying are labelled with the economical price we have to pay if we want to purchase them - an important parameter in our decisions as purchasers. The increrasing awareness for environmental limits and backlashes of human activities also in the building...... sector have fostered the wish to define 'the ecological price' of a building as a help for environmental conscious decision-making. In a social constructivist approach this Ph.D. thesis looks across and beyond the manifold existing approaches for environmental indicators for buildings. It acknowledges...... in the Netherlands. It identifies lines of conflict and areas of consent betweeen the relevant actors and elaborates scenarios for a possible closure of ongoing debate about environmental indicators for buildings....
Building a Circular Future
Merrild, Heidi
Natural resources are scarce and construction accounts for 40 percent of the material and energy consumption in Europe. This means that a switch to a circular future is necessary. ’Building a Circular Future’ maps out where we are, where we are going, and what is needed for this conversion to take...... on the project’s strategies. The financial result is a profit of DKK 35 million on the structure alone in the demolition of a building built for the cost of DKK 860 million. The total potential for the whole building, calculated in projected material prices, is estimated to be up to 16% of the total construction...... of the circular strategies is not only in the future. Increased flexibility, optimized operation and maintenance, as well as a healthier building, is low-hanging fruit that can be harvested today. The project’s principles can be implemented in industrialized construction in a large scale today. That is proven...
Buildings exposed to fire
The 24 lectures presented to the colloquium cover the following subject fields: (1) Behaviour of structural components exposed to fire; (2) Behaviour of building materials exposed to fire; (3) Thermal processes; (4) Safety related, theoretical studies. (PW) [de
Radioactivity of building materials
Terpakova, E.
In this paper the gamma-spectrometric determination of natural radioactivity in the different building materials and wares applied in Slovakia was performed. The specific activities for potassium-40, thorium, radium as well as the equivalent specific activities are presented
An obstacle to building a time machine
Carroll, S.M.; Farhi, E.; Guth, A.H.
Gott has shown that a spacetime with two infinite parallel cosmic strings passing each other with sufficient velocity contains closed timelike curves. We discuss an attempt to build such a time machine. Using the energy-momentum conservation laws in the equivalent (2+1)-dimensional theory, we explicitly construct the spacetime representing the decay of one gravitating particle into two. We find that there is never enough mass in an open universe to build the time machine from the products of decays of stationary particles. More generally, the Gott time machine cannot exist in any open (2+1)-dimensional universe for which the total momentum is timelike
Natural radioactivity of building materials in Austria
Sorantin, H.; Steger, F.
About 120 samples of natural and manufactured building materials have been analyzed by gamma-spectrometry for their Thorium 232-, Radium 226- and Potassium 40 - content. Granites showed generally the greatest amounts of the above mentioned radionuclides, whereas other natural products like sand, gravels, marbles and gypsum contained only traces of radionuclides. As regards the manufactured building materials only some types of bricks and chemical gypsum showed relatively high concentrations of radionuclides, while the rest of the bricks, tiles, plaster and accessory materials fulfilled the criteria set up in the OECD-NEA report 1979. (Author)
Air conditioning device for reactor buildings
Kikuchi, Shiro.
Purpose: To decrease the opening areas of pipe lines for an air conditioning device at the portions passing through the shielding walls of a reactor building for a FBR type reactor, as well as reduce the size of the building. Constitution: Airs in the building for containing reactor are liquefied in an air liquefying mechanism. The liquefied airs are sent by way of pipe lines to each of evaporators, wherein each of the chambers are cooled because of latent heat of evaporation and evaporated airs are released to each of the chambers. The airs released to each of the chambers are collected into an exhaust chamber and sent by way of a duct to the air liquefying mechanism and liquefied again. Since the volume of the liquefied airs may be smaller than the amount conventionally required for usual cooled airs, the pipe lines passing through the shielding walls of the building can be of smaller diameter. This can decrease the opening areas of the pipe lines at the portions passing through the walls of the shieldings and, since the opening areas are smaller, the structure of the radiation shieldings can be simplified in these portions. Further, since the space of the pipe lines in the building is reduced extremely, the size of the building can be reduced. (Moriyama, K.)
Plataforma smart building
Cidrera Lopez, Alain
The overall project is a system (hardware + software) that allows monitoring and control in a building / office different security systems, energy, communications, home automation, PKI's overall business that will increase all the efficiency of the building and the business and ensure the continuity of it. My participation in this Project will mainly focus on the development of hardware components, monitoring and control system (home automation, energy, safety control elements ...) and softwa...
BUILDING MECHATRONICS SIMULATION SYSTEM
HUSI Géza; SZ�SZ Csaba; HASHIMOTO Hideki; NIITSUMA Mihoko
In international references a net zero-energy building (NZEB) is defined as a residential or commercial building with greatly reduced energy needs through efficiency gains such that the balance of energy needs can be supplied with renewable technologies. According to this general term definition, the essence of the concept is that by using low-cost and locally available nonpolluting sources, they generate energy onsite, in a quantity equal or greater than the total amo...
Airborne asbestos fibre levels in buildings: a summary of UK measurements.
Burdett, G J; Jaffrey, S A; Rood, A P
The UK Health and Safety Executive, in conjunction with the Department of the Environment, has carried out a number of surveys of airborne asbestos fibre concentrations in buildings. All samples have been collected on membrane filters and analysed by analytical transmission electron microscopy. Four categories of buildings under normal occupation have been investigated; non-domestic buildings containing sprayed or trowelled asbestos, domestic buildings containing sprayed asbestos or asbestos plaster, buildings with warm air heaters containing asbestos and buildings without asbestos materials. A number of buildings have also been surveyed during and after the removal of asbestos materials. The choice of measurement indices and analytical procedures is reviewed, before measurements are compared in terms of the concentration of asbestos fibres greater than 5 microns long. The decision whether to remove asbestos from occupied buildings is discussed with reference to the associated cost and risk. In the present survey, management of undamaged asbestos appeared preferable to large-scale removal.
Container for hydrogen isotopes
A container is described for storage, shipping and and dispensing of hydrogen isotopes such as hydrogen, deuterium, tritium, or mixtures of the same. The container is compact, safe against fracture or accident, and is reusable. It consists of an outer housing with suitable inlet and outlet openings and electrical feed elements, the housing containing an activated sorber material in the form, for example of titanium sponge or an activated zirconium aluminate cartridge. The gas to be stored is introduced into the chamber under conditions of heat and vacuum and is retained in the sorber material. Subsequently, it may be released by heating the unit to drive off the stored gas at desired rates.
Improvements in containers
Guy, R.
An improved container is described for transporting radioactive materials, such as irradiated Magnox fuel elements. It has a lid fixed to the container body and at the corners of the lid has shock absorbers that project from the corners and have part-spheroidal shape. The centre of curvature of the surface of the spheroid is positioned within the lid, so that impact loads on a shock absorber tend to hold it to the container rather than dislodge it. The shock absorbers may be Al-Si alloy castings. (U.K.)
The Container Stowage Problem
Janstrup, Kira; Rose, Trine Høyer; Andersen, Kent Høj
The main purpose of this project is to use integer programming to create a model that minimizes the costs for container transportation by ship. To make the model as realistic as possible it will be based on information from a large shipping company about the vessel layout and container types....... In addition to our project two other projects are made where an optimal solution to the container stowage problem also is tried to be found, but by using constraint programming and local search instead respectively. We will therefore in the end compare these three methods and the achieved results on fastness...
Janstrup, Kira
A container is described for storage, shipping and and dispensing of hydrogen isotopes such as hydrogen, deuterium, tritium, or mixtures of the same. The container is compact, safe against fracture or accident, and is reusable. It consists of an outer housing with suitable inlet and outlet openings and electrical feed elements, the housing containing an activated sorber material in the form, for example of titanium sponge or an activated zirconium aluminate cartridge. The gas to be stored is introduced into the chamber under conditions of heat and vacuum and is retained in the sorber material. Subsequently, it may be released by heating the unit to drive off the stored gas at desired rates
National Tribal Building Codes Summit
National Tribal Building Codes summit statement developed to support tribes interested in adopting green and culturally-appropriate building systems to ensure safe, sustainable, affordable, and culturally-appropriate buildings on tribal lands.
Diffusion in building wakes
Ramsdell, J.V.
Straight-line Gaussian models adequately describe atmospheric diffusion for many applications. They have been modified for use in estimating diffusion in building wakes by adding terms that include projected building area and by redefining the diffusion coefficients so that the coefficients have minimum values that are related to building dimensions. In a recent study, Ramsdell reviewed the building-wake dispersion models used by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) in its control room habitability assessments. The review included comparison of model estimates of centerline concentrations with concentrations observed in experiments at seven nuclear reactors. In general, the models are conservative in that they tend to predict concentrations that are greater than those actually observed. However, the models show little skill in accounting for variations in the observed concentrations. Subsequently, the experimental data and multiples linear regression techniques have been used to develop a new building wake diffusion model. This paper describes the new building wake model and compares it with other models. 8 refs., 2 figs
Building Canada: Phase One
The 'Building Canada' program modelled after the 'Building America' program, aims at increasing energy efficiency and affordability, primarily for single family homes. The program takes a holistic and whole house view, employing a systems approach and is committed to continuous improvement through testing, evaluation, retesting and novel construction practices. The program's objective is to re-engineer house designs so that builders can take advantage of advanced products and achieve maximum efficiency. Building Canada aims to achieve its objectives through partnership with the housing industry, focusing on increasing energy efficiency while reducing construction time, using and wasting fewer materials, forestalling call backs, and reducing overall costs. The Building Canada procedures encompass marketing, research of builder's operations, re-engineering mechanical systems, framing components and techniques, moisture control and thermal performance, construction, resolution of problems in re-engineered homes, and discussion of results in demonstration homes. The program as a whole is built on the feasibility study of a Building Canada program carried out in Nova Scotia and Ontario. Some of the results of this pilot study summarized in this report indicate that the Building Canada is not suitable for use by small builders. Benefits are most likely to be realized by only by builders constructing more than 100 homes annually.
Final Safety Analysis Document for Building 693 Chemical Waste Storage Building at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
Salazar, R.J.; Lane, S.
This Safety Analysis Document (SAD) for the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) Building 693, Chemical Waste Storage Building (desipated as Building 693 Container Storage Unit in the Laboratory's RCRA Part B permit application), provides the necessary information and analyses to conclude that Building 693 can be operated at low risk without unduly endangering the safety of the building operating personnel or adversely affecting the public or the environment. This Building 693 SAD consists of eight sections and supporting appendices. Section 1 presents a summary of the facility designs and operations and Section 2 summarizes the safety analysis method and results. Section 3 describes the site, the facility desip, operations and management structure. Sections 4 and 5 present the safety analysis and operational safety requirements (OSRs). Section 6 reviews Hazardous Waste Management's (HWM) Quality Assurance (QA) program. Section 7 lists the references and background material used in the preparation of this report Section 8 lists acronyms, abbreviations and symbols. Appendices contain supporting analyses, definitions, and descriptions that are referenced in the body of this report
FREIGHT CONTAINER LIFTING STANDARD
POWERS DJ; SCOTT MA; MACKEY TC
This standard details the correct methods of lifting and handling Series 1 freight containers following ISO-3874 and ISO-1496. The changes within RPP-40736 will allow better reading comprehension, as well as correcting editorial errors.
Helical type vacuum container
Owada, Kimio.
Helical type vacuum containers in the prior art lack in considerations for thermal expansion stresses to helical coils, and there is a possibility of coil ruptures. The object of the present invention is to avoid the rupture of helical coils wound around the outer surface of a vacuum container against heat expansion if any. That is, bellows or heat expansion absorbing means are disposed to a cross section of a helical type vacuum container. With such a constitution, thermal expansion of helical coils per se due to temperature elevation of the coils during electric supply can be absorbed by expansion of the bellows or absorption of the heat expansion absorbing means. Further, this can be attained by arranging shear pins in the direction perpendicular to the bellows axis so that the bellows are not distorted when the helical coils are wound around the helical type vacuum container. (I.S.)
Regular expression containment
Henglein, Fritz; Nielsen, Lasse
We present a new sound and complete axiomatization of regular expression containment. It consists of the conventional axiomatiza- tion of concatenation, alternation, empty set and (the singleton set containing) the empty string as an idempotent semiring, the fixed- point rule E* = 1 + E × E......* for Kleene-star, and a general coin- duction rule as the only additional rule. Our axiomatization gives rise to a natural computational inter- pretation of regular expressions as simple types that represent parse trees, and of containment proofs as coercions. This gives the axiom- atization a Curry......-Howard-style constructive interpretation: Con- tainment proofs do not only certify a language-theoretic contain- ment, but, under our computational interpretation, constructively transform a membership proof of a string in one regular expres- sion into a membership proof of the same string in another regular expression. We...
Radioactive Material Containment Bags
The audit was requested by Senator Joseph I. Lieberman based on allegations made by a contractor, Defense Apparel Services, about the Navy's actions on three contracts for radioactive material containment bags...
Containment structure optimization
Putman, S.; Walser, A.
The major design features investigated are: dome shape, the prestress level provided to counteract accident pressure, the effect of diameter variation, and the design pressure used to size the containment. The optimum dome shape and optimum prestress level are used to investigate the effect of variations in diameter and design pressure on containment cost. The containment internal diameter is fixed at 150 feet for investigation of dome shape, prestress level and design prestress. A hemispherical dome containment with a prestress level of 1.25 P/sub a/ is recommended regardless of design pressure selected. A design pressure of 60 psi is recommended. No significant cost penalty is associated with diameter variation in the range of 145 to 155 feet
Radioactive waste sealing container
Tozawa, S.; Kitamura, T.; Sugimoto, S.
A low- to medium-level radioactive waste sealing container is constructed by depositing a foundation coating consisting essentially of zinc, cadmium or a zinc-aluminum alloy over a steel base, then coating an organic synthetic resin paint containing a metal phosphate over the foundation coating, and thereafter coating an acryl resin, epoxy resin, and/or polyurethane paint. The sealing container can consist of a main container body, a lid placed over the main body, and fixing members for clamping and fixing the lid to the main body. Each fixing member may consist of a material obtained by depositing a coating consisting essentially of cadmium or a zinc-aluminum alloy over a steel base
Lightweight flywheel containment
Smith, James R.
A lightweight flywheel containment composed of a combination of layers of various material which absorb the energy of a flywheel structural failure. The various layers of material act as a vacuum barrier, momentum spreader, energy absorber, and reaction plate. The flywheel containment structure has been experimentally demonstrated to contain carbon fiber fragments with a velocity of 1,000 m/s and has an aerial density of less than 6.5 g/square centimeters. The flywheel containment, may for example, be composed of an inner high toughness structural layer, and energy absorbing layer, and an outer support layer. Optionally, a layer of impedance matching material may be utilized intermediate the flywheel rotor and the inner high toughness layer.
Relations avec les Pays hôtes
We should like to remind you that a special container for textiles for the Association 'Réalise/Rapid Service' of Geneva is located in the car park outside the Meyrin site.The Association has informed us that 2 530 kg of textiles were deposited in the container in 1998 and wishes to convey its warm gratitude to all donors.Relations with the Host StatesTel. 75152
Fusion impulse containment
Bohachevsky, I.O.
The characteristics of impact fusion energy releases are not known sufficiently well to examine in detail specific containment vessel concepts or designs. Therefore it appears appropriate to formulate the impulse containment problem in general and to derive results in the form of explicit expressions from which magnitude estimates and parametric dependencies (trends) can be inferred conveniently and rapidly. In the following presentation we carry out this task using assumptions and approximations that are required to perform the analysis
Building Services Requests Subsystem (BSRS) -
Department of Transportation — Lotus Notes workflow application used for the submission, processing, tracking and reporting of building service related requiests. Enables regional office building...
Containment vessel stability analysis
Harstead, G.A.; Morris, N.F.; Unsal, A.I.
The stability analysis for a steel containment shell is presented herein. The containment is a freestanding shell consisting of a vertical cylinder with a hemispherical dome. It is stiffened by large ring stiffeners and relatively small longitudinal stiffeners. The containment vessel is subjected to both static and dynamic loads which can cause buckling. These loads must be combined prior to their use in a stability analysis. The buckling loads were computed with the aid of the ASME Code case N-284 used in conjunction with general purpose computer codes and in-house programs. The equations contained in the Code case were used to compute the knockdown factors due to shell imperfections. After these knockdown factors were applied to the critical stress states determined by freezing the maximum dynamic stresses and combining them with other static stresses, a linear bifurcation analysis was carried out with the aid of the BOSOR4 program. Since the containment shell contained large penetrations, the Code case had to be supplemented by a local buckling analysis of the shell area surrounding the largest penetration. This analysis was carried out with the aid of the NASTRAN program. Although the factor of safety against buckling obtained in this analysis was satisfactory, it is claimed that the use of the Code case knockdown factors are unduly conservative when applied to the analysis of buckling around penetrations. (orig.)
Alternative containers for low-level wastes containing large amounts of tritium
Gause, E.P.; Lee, B.S.; MacKenzie, D.R.; Wiswall, R. Jr.
High-activity tritiated waste generated in the United States is mainly composed of tritium gas and tritium-contaminated organic solvents sorbed onto Speedi-Dri which are packaged in small glass bulbs. Low-activity waste consists of solidified and adsorbed liquids. In this report, current packages for high-activity gaseous and low-activity adsorbed liquid wastes are emphasized with regard to containment potential. Containers for low-level radioactive waste containing large amounts of tritium need to be developed. An integrity may be threatened by: physical degradation due to soil corrosion, gas pressure build-up (due to radiolysis and/or biodegradation), rapid permeation of tritium through the container, and corrosion from container contents. Literature available on these points is summarized in this report. 136 references, 20 figures, 40 tables
Containment concepts assessment for the SEAFP reactor
Di Pace, L.; Natalizio, A.
A simple methodology has been developed for making relative comparisons of potential containment designs for future fusion reactors. The assessment methodology requires only conceptual design information. The application of this methodology, at the early stages of a fusion reactor design, provides designers useful information regarding the suitability of various containment designs and design features. Because the radiation hazard from the operation of future fusion power reactors is expected to be low, the containment design, in addition to public safety, needs to take into account worker safety considerations, as well as factors important to the reliable and economical operation of the power plant. Several containment concepts have been assessed with a methodology that takes into account public safety, worker safety, operability and maintainability as well as cost. This paper describes this methodology and presents the results of the assessment. The paper concludes that, to obtain a containment design that is optimised with respect to safety, operational and cost factors, designers should focus on a containment that is conceptually simple-that is, one utilising a single, large containment building without relying on special features such as expansion volumes, pressure suppression pools or spray systems
Building Better Buildings: Sustainable Building Activities in California Higher Education Systems.
Sowell, Arnold; Eichel, Amanda; Alevantis, Leon; Lovegreen, Maureen
This article outlines the activities and recommendations of California's sustainable building task force, discusses sustainable building activities in California's higher education systems, and highlights key issues that California is grappling with in its implementation of sustainable building practices. (EV)
Design of the EPR containment
Appell, B.; Zaiss, W.
In order to respect the safety objectives set for the EPR (European Pressurized water Reactor), the confinement function must be designed to guard against in the design uncontrolled releases in the environment in all conditions taken into account and to preserve its structural integrity. The concept chosen is a double-wall confinement with technology identical derived from the current French N4 containments and the associated systems ensuring the isolation and the control of leaks. The basic principles aiming to minimize leaks are as follows: no direct leak; state-of-the-art leak tight design of the systems and components passing through the containment building; recovery of potential leaks through the inner wall and the penetration sleeves in the inter-wall space; recovery in the peripheral buildings; and specific measures if necessary. The inner wall is a prestressed concrete shell (55 tendons cables arranged in two horizontal layers and a vertical layer for the barrel) without liner, of free volume 90000 m 3 , an internal diameter of 48 m and 1.3 m thickness. The free volume is chosen so as to rule out the risk of global detonation and the use of catalytic recombiners limits the risk of hydrogen explosion. The design pressure (6.5 bar abs) and temperature of the inner wall are defined for a given volume by the set of three conditions: Pee-4 conditions such as LOCA or SLB, global deflagration of hydrogen and core melt scenario. The rate of leakage in accident conditions from the inner wall must not be higher than 1% per day. The chosen concept must enable satisfactory leak tightness to be preserved for beyond design conditions in order to have margins and to guard against phenomenological uncertainties. The possibility of adding an internal composite liner is being studied. A large scale mockup is being built to validate the hypothesis and methods of leak rates of the inner wall and for the performance testing of the composite liner. The outer wall, made of
Nuclear reactor buildings
Nagashima, Shoji; Kato, Ryoichi.
Purpose: To reduce the cost of reactor buildings and satisfy the severe seismic demands in tank type FBR type reactors. Constitution: In usual nuclear reactor buildings of a flat bottom embedding structure, the flat bottom is entirely embedded into the rock below the soils down to the deck level of the nuclear reactor. As a result, although the weight of the seismic structure can be decreased, the amount of excavating the cavity is significantly increased to inevitably increase the plant construction cost. Cross-like intersecting foundation mats are embedded to the building rock into a thickness capable withstanding to earthquakes while maintaining the arrangement of equipments around the reactor core in the nuclear buildings required by the system design, such as vertical relationship between the equipments, fuel exchange systems and sponteneous drainings. Since the rock is hard and less deformable, the rigidity of the walls and the support structures of the reactor buildings can be increased by the embedding into the rock substrate and floor responsivity can be reduced. This enables to reduce the cost and increasing the seismic proofness. (Kamimura, M.)
Noise, buildings and people
Croome, D J
This book covers the physics of acoustics necessary to understand the analytical aspects of acoustical design and noise control in buildings. The major part is devoted to the problems of noise and man, and other chapters cover features of noise control in and around buildings. In an introduction, building environmental engineering is dealth with in general terms of architecture, creativity, systms design, etc. Aspects of the acoustical environment, noise sources in buildings, control of airborne and structure-borne noise and acoustical design techniques are covered in Part II. Items include: comfort, physiological response to noise and vibrations, noise criteria, human performance, speech communication, landscaped offices, sound generation by air-conditioning and heating equipment, building structure and noise attenuation, acoustical design. Part III gives some fundamentals of acoustics; mechanical vibration, wave motion, propagation of sound, structure-borne sound, behavior of sound in rooms, transmission of sound through structure. References include lists of British standards and booklets on health and safety at work.
Building information deduced
Tamke, Martin; Myrup Jensen, Morten; Beetz, Jakob
In recent years, Building Information Models have become commonplace in building profession. The extensive use and increasing experience with BIM models offers new perspectives and potentials for design and planning. A recent stakeholder study conducted by the authors of this paper show that in p......In recent years, Building Information Models have become commonplace in building profession. The extensive use and increasing experience with BIM models offers new perspectives and potentials for design and planning. A recent stakeholder study conducted by the authors of this paper show...... that in practice models are no longer solely observed as culmination of knowledge in a 3d representation of future built structures, but as a source of information in itself. Experienced users of BIM want to Find Information within a model or across a set of these and Compare models in order to evaluate states...... of a model, differences in separate models or models from different point of time. Current BIM tools support both modes only in a rudimentary form. This paper discusses current modes of information query within and across BIM models, shows beneficial scenarios for building and planning practice through...
Use of EMW radiation in the building industry at defects in buildings
Sobotka Jindřich
Full Text Available This paper discusses theory and application of microwave radiation and experimental optimization of microwave radiation to eliminate moisture content in wood elements. It will be appreciated that the rising moisture leaking into the structure, resulting in defects and structures of the buildings themselves. Owing to its properties, microwave radiation has been used in the construction industry in modern times, in particular to dry wet masonry of buildings. Effects of electromagnetic radiation on building structures lead to relatively sharp decreases in moisture content from damp building structures or elements. The influence of electromagnetic radiation on building structures lead to oscillation of water molecules contained in the material, which cause a phase transformation of water into vapour. Consequently, the vapour evaporates from the moist material, thereby drying the element exposed to radiation. The article describes experiments carried out at the Faculty of Civil Engineering of the Faculty of Technology in Brno that demonstrate successful decrease of water content in building materials using microwave radiation. First, the understanding of microwave radiation will be discussed. Following an analysis of research results an optimum intensity of microwave radiation sources as well as the necessary length of the irradiation of microwave radiation have been determined with respect to the particular type of building material and the success rate of elimination of moisture.
Component nuclear containment structure
Harstead, G.A.
The invention described is intended for use primarily as a nuclear containment structure. Such structures are required to surround the nuclear steam supply system and to contain the effects of breaks in the nuclear steam supply system, or i.e. loss of coolant accidents. Nuclear containment structures are required to withstand internal pressure and temperatures which result from loss of coolant accidents, and to provide for radiation shielding during operation and during the loss of coolant accident, as well as to resist all other applied loads, such as earthquakes. The nuclear containment structure described herein is a composite nuclear containment structure, and is one which structurally combines two previous systems; namely, a steel vessel, and a lined concrete structure. The steel vessel provides strength to resist internal pressure and accommodate temperature increases, the lined concrete structure provides resistance to internal pressure by having a liner which will prevent leakage, and which is in contact with the concrete structure which provides the strength to resist the pressure
Nuclear reactor containing facility
Hidaka, Masataka; Murase, Michio.
In a reactor containing facility, a condensation means is disposed above the water level of a cooling water pool to condensate steams of the cooling water pool, and return the condensated water to the cooling water pool. Upon occurrence of a pipeline rupture accident, steams generated by after-heat of a reactor core are caused to flow into a bent tube, blown from the exit of the bent tube into a suppression pool and condensated in a suppression pool water, thereby suppressing the pressure in the reactor container. Cooling water in the cooling water pool is boiled by heat conduction due to the condensation of steams, then the steams are exhausted to the outside of the reactor container to remove the heat of the reactor container to the outside of the reactor. In addition, since cooling water is supplied to the cooling water pool quasi-permanently by gravity as a natural force, the reactor container can be cooled by the cooling water pool for a long period of time. Since the condensation means is constituted with a closed loop and interrupted from the outside, radioactive materials are never released to the outside. (N.H.)
Using containers with ATLAS offline software
Vogel, Marcelo; The ATLAS collaboration
This paper describes the deployment of ATLAS offline software in containers for software development. For this we are using Docker, which is a lightweight virtualization technology that encapsulates a piece of software inside a complete file system. The deployment of offline releases via containers removes the strict requirement of compatibility between the runtime environment needed for job execution and the configuration of worker nodes at computing sites. If these two are decoupled from each other, sites can upgrade their nodes whenever and however they see fit. In this work, ATLAS software is distributed in containers either via the CernVM File System (CVMFS) or by means of a full ATLAS offline release installation. In software development, separating the build and runtime environment from the development environment allows users to take advantage of many modern code development tools that may not be available in production runtime setups like SLC6. It also frees developers from depending on resources lik...
Investigating the presence of hazardous materials in buildings
Gustitus, D.A.; Blaisdell, P.M.
Environmental hazards in buildings can be found in the air, on exposed surfaces, or hidden in roofs, walls, and systems. They can exist in buildings in solid, liquid, and gaseous states. A sound methodology for investigating the presence of environmental hazards in buildings should include several components. The first step in planning an investigation of environmental hazards in buildings is to ascertain why the investigation is to be performed. Research should be performed to review available documentation on the building. Next, a visual inspection of the building should be performed to identify and document existing conditions, and all suspect materials containing environmental hazards. Lastly, samples of suspect materials should be collected for testing. It is important to sample appropriate materials, based on the information obtained during the previous steps of the investigation. It is also important to collect the samples using standard procedures. Pollutants of concern include asbestos, lead, PCBs, and radon
Container for radioactive materials
Housholder, W.R.; Greer, N.L.
The improvement of the construction of containers for the transport of nuclear fuels is proposed where above all, the insulating mass suggested is important as it acts as a safeguard in case of an accident. The container consists of a metal casing in which there is a pressure boiler and a gamma-shielding device, spacers between the metal casing and the shielding device as well as an insulation filling the space between them. The insulating material is a water-in-resin emulsion which is hardened or cross-linked by peroxide and which can furthermore contain up to 50 wt.% solid silicious material such as vermuculite or chopped glass fibre. The construction and variations of the insulating mass composition are described in great detail. (HR) [de
Container for liquefied gas
Short, A J
Containers for liquefied gases are of double-wall construction with a vacuum between the 2 walls; the upper end of the neck contains a vapor chamber and is equipped with means for withdrawing gas from the container. According to this invention, the vapor chamber is connected to a damping chamber by means of a choke line which has an internal diameter of at least 1.6 mm and a length equal to at least 52 times the diameter. The damping chamber has a volume of at least 5 cu cm and is larger than the outer part of the chamber. The interior length of the damping chamber is at least twice the diameter of the choke line. (5 claims)
Subatmospheric double containment system
Gans, D. Jr.; Noble, J.H.
A reinforced concrete double wall nuclear containment structure with each wall including an essentially impervious membrane or liner and porous concrete filling the annulus between the two walls is described. The interior of the structure is maintained at subatmospheric pressure, and the annulus between the two walls is maintained at a subatmospheric pressure intermediate between that of the interior and the surrounding atmospheric pressure, during normal operation. In the event of an accident within the containment structure the interior pressure may exceed atmospheric pressure, but leakage from the interior to the annulus between the double walls will not result in the pressure of the annulus exceeding atmospheric pressure so that there is no net outleakage from the containment structure
Advanced Containment System
Kostelnik, Kevin M.; Kawamura, Hideki; Richardson, John G.; Noda, Masaru
An advanced containment system for containing buried waste and associated leachate. A trench is dug on either side of the zone of interest containing the buried waste so as to accommodate a micro tunnel boring machine. A series of small diameter tunnels are serially excavated underneath the buried waste. The tunnels are excavated by the micro tunnel boring machine at a consistent depth and are substantially parallel to each other. As tunneling progresses, steel casing sections are connected end to end in the excavated portion of the tunnel so that a steel tube is formed. Each casing section has complementary interlocking structure running its length that interlocks with complementary interlocking structure on the adjacent casing section. Thus, once the first tube is emplaced, placement of subsequent tubes is facilitated by the complementary interlocking structure on the adjacent, previously placed, casing sections.
Radioactive liquid containing vessel
Sakurada, Tetsuo; Kawamura, Hironobu.
Cooling jackets are coiled around the outer circumference of a container vessel, and the outer circumference thereof is covered with a surrounding plate. A liquid of good conductivity (for example, water) is filled between the cooling jackets and the surrounding plate. A radioactive liquid is supplied to the container vessel passing through a supply pipe and discharged passing through a discharge pipe. Cooling water at high pressure is passed through the cooling water jackets in order to remove the heat generated from the radioactive liquid. Since cooling water at high pressure is thus passed through the coiled pipes, the wall thickness of the container vessel and the cooling water jackets can be reduced, thereby enabling to reduce the cost. Further, even if the radioactive liquid is leaked, there is no worry of contaminating cooling water, to prevent contamination. (I.N.)
Solomon, D.E.
A container for the storage, shipping and dispensing of hydrogen isotopes such as hydrogen, deuterium, tritium, or mixtures of the same which has compactness, which is safe against fracture or accident, and which is reusable is described. The container consists of an outer housing with suitable inlet and outlet openings and electrical feed elements, the housing containing an activated sorber material in the form, for example, of titanium sponge or an activated zirconium aluminate cartridge. The gas to be stored is introduced into the chamber under conditions of heat and vacuum and will be retained in the sorber material. Subsequently, it may be released by heating the unit to drive off the stored gas at desired rates
Automated model building
Caferra, Ricardo; Peltier, Nicholas
This is the first book on automated model building, a discipline of automated deduction that is of growing importance Although models and their construction are important per se, automated model building has appeared as a natural enrichment of automated deduction, especially in the attempt to capture the human way of reasoning The book provides an historical overview of the field of automated deduction, and presents the foundations of different existing approaches to model construction, in particular those developed by the authors Finite and infinite model building techniques are presented The main emphasis is on calculi-based methods, and relevant practical results are provided The book is of interest to researchers and graduate students in computer science, computational logic and artificial intelligence It can also be used as a textbook in advanced undergraduate courses
Buildings for advanced technology
Teague, E; Murday, James
This book deals with the design and construction of buildings for nanoscale science and engineering research. The information provided in this book is useful for designing and constructing buildings for such advanced technologies as nanotechnology, nanoelectronics and biotechnology. The book outlines the technology challenges unique to each of the building environmental challenges outlined below and provides best practices and examples of engineering approaches to address them: • Establishing and maintaining critical environments: temperature, humidity, and pressure • Structural vibration isolation • Airborne vibration isolation (acoustic noise) • Isolation of mechanical equipment-generated vibration/acoustic noise • Cost-effective power conditioning • Grounding facilities for low electrical interference • Electromagnetic interference (EMI)/Radio frequency interference (RFI) isolation • Airborne particulate contamination • Airborne organic and chemical contamination • Environment, safety a...
Intermittent heating of buildings
Kohonen, K
Conditions for intermittent heating of buildings are considered both theoretically and experimentally. Thermal behaviour of buildings adn rooms in intermittent heating is simulated by a program based on the convective heat balance equation and by simplified RC-models. The preheat times and the heating energy savings compared with continuous heating are presented for typical lightweight, mediumweight and heavyweight classroom and office modules. Formulaes for estimating the oversizing of the radiator network, the maximum heat output of heat exchangers in district heating and the efficiency of heating boilers in intermittent heating are presented. The preheat times and heating energy savings with different heating control systems are determined also experimentally in eight existing buildings. In addition some principles for the planning and application of intermittent heating systems are suggested.
RESRAD-BUILD verification
Kamboj, S.; Yu, C.; Biwer, B. M.; Klett, T.
The results generated by the RESRAD-BUILD code (version 3.0) were verified with hand or spreadsheet calculations using equations given in the RESRAD-BUILD manual for different pathways. For verification purposes, different radionuclides--H-3, C-14, Na-22, Al-26, Cl-36, Mn-54, Co-60, Au-195, Ra-226, Ra-228, Th-228, and U-238--were chosen to test all pathways and models. Tritium, Ra-226, and Th-228 were chosen because of the special tritium and radon models in the RESRAD-BUILD code. Other radionuclides were selected to represent a spectrum of radiation types and energies. Verification of the RESRAD-BUILD code was conducted with an initial check of all the input parameters for correctness against their original source documents. Verification of the calculations was performed external to the RESRAD-BUILD code with Microsoft Excel to verify all the major portions of the code. In some cases, RESRAD-BUILD results were compared with those of external codes, such as MCNP (Monte Carlo N-particle) and RESRAD. The verification was conducted on a step-by-step basis and used different test cases as templates. The following types of calculations were investigated: (1) source injection rate, (2) air concentration in the room, (3) air particulate deposition, (4) radon pathway model, (5) tritium model for volume source, (6) external exposure model, (7) different pathway doses, and (8) time dependence of dose. Some minor errors were identified in version 3.0; these errors have been corrected in later versions of the code. Some possible improvements in the code were also identified
Carbon Efficient Building Solutions
Pellervo Matilainen
Full Text Available Traditionally, the Finnish legislation have focused on energy use and especially on energy used for heating space in buildings. However, in many cases this does not lead to the optimal concept in respect to minimizing green house gases. This paper studies how CO2 emission levels are affected by different measures to reduce energy use in buildings. This paper presents two real apartment buildings with different options of energy efficiency and power sources. The calculations clearly show that in the future electricity and domestic hot water use will have high importance in respect to energy efficiency, and therefore also CO2 equivalent (eq emissions. The importance increases when the energy efficiency of the building increases. There are big differences between average Finnish production and individual power plants; CO2 eq emissions might nearly double depending on the energy source and the power plant type. Both a building with an efficient district heating as a power source, and a building with ground heat in addition to nuclear power electricity as a complimentary electricity source performed very similarly to each other in respect to CO2 eq emissions. However, it is dangerous to conclude that it is not important which energy source is chosen. If hypothetically, the use of district heating would dramatically drop, the primary energy factor and CO2 eq emissions from electricity would rise, which in turn would lead to the increase of the ground heat systems emissions. A problem in the yearly calculations is that the fact that it is very important, sometimes even crucial, when energy is needed, is always excluded.
Westinghouse radiological containment guide
Aitken, S.B.; Brown, R.L.; Cantrell, J.R.; Wilcox, D.P.
This document provides uniform guidance for Westinghouse contractors on the implementation of radiological containments. This document reflects standard industry practices and is provided as a guide. The guidance presented herein is consistent with the requirements of the DOE Radiological Control Manual (DOE N 5480.6). This guidance should further serve to enable and encourage the use of containments for contamination control and to accomplish the following: Minimize personnel contamination; Prevent the spread of contamination; Minimize the required use of protective clothing and personal protective equipment; Minimize the generation of waste
Livet er en container
Moestrup, Steffen Damkjær
Med Container går Lukas Moodysson for alvor filmeksperimentets vej. Filmen har en række indholdsmæssige træk til fælles med Moodyssons tidligere værker, men den formmæssige tilgang skal især findes i den amerikanske avantgardefilm.......Med Container går Lukas Moodysson for alvor filmeksperimentets vej. Filmen har en række indholdsmæssige træk til fælles med Moodyssons tidligere værker, men den formmæssige tilgang skal især findes i den amerikanske avantgardefilm....
Orimulsion containment and recovery
Sommerville, M.
This paper focuses on the need for examination of Orimulsion fuel and its spill behaviour in the light of the anticipated increase in consumption of this fuel which comprises bitumen dispersed in water with addition of a small amount of surfactant. The behaviour and fate of Orimulsion at sea, and observations from experimental and sea trials are examined. The identification of spill control techniques, spill detection, the predictive modeling of the spill and response, sub-surface plume measurement, and containment and deflection are considered. Recovery of the bitumen produced from an Orimulsion spill, combined containment and recovery, dispersed Orimulsion, and beach cleaning are addressed. The properties of Orimulsion are tabulated. (UK)
Aitken, S.B. [Idaho National Engineering Lab., Idaho Falls, ID (United States); Brown, R.L. [Westinghouse Hanford Co., Richland, WA (United States); Cantrell, J.R. [Westinghouse Savannah River Co., Aiken, SC (United States); Wilcox, D.P. [West Valley Nuclear Services Co., Inc., West Valley, NY (United States)
This document provides uniform guidance for Westinghouse contractors on the implementation of radiological containments. This document reflects standard industry practices and is provided as a guide. The guidance presented herein is consistent with the requirements of the DOE Radiological Control Manual (DOE N 5480.6). This guidance should further serve to enable and encourage the use of containments for contamination control and to accomplish the following: Minimize personnel contamination; Prevent the spread of contamination; Minimize the required use of protective clothing and personal protective equipment; Minimize the generation of waste.
Radioactive waste processing container
Ishizaki, Kanjiro; Koyanagi, Naoaki; Sakamoto, Hiroyuki; Uchida, Ikuo.
A radioactive waste processing container used for processing radioactive wastes into solidification products suitable to disposal such as underground burying or ocean discarding is constituted by using cements. As the cements, calcium sulfoaluminate clinker mainly comprising calcium sulfoaluminate compound; 3CaO 3Al 2 O 3 CaSO 4 , Portland cement and aqueous blast furnace slug is used for instance. Calciumhydroxide formed from the Portland cement is consumed for hydration of the calcium sulfoaluminate clinker. According, calcium hydroxide is substantially eliminated in the cement constituent layer of the container. With such a constitution, damages such as crackings and peelings are less caused, to improve durability and safety. (I.N.)
Material containment enclosure
Carlson, D.O.
An isolation enclosure and a group of isolation enclosures are described which are useful when a relatively large containment area is required. The enclosure is in the form of a ring having a section removed so that a technician may enter the center area of the ring. In a preferred embodiment, an access zone is located in the transparent wall of the enclosure and extends around the inner perimeter of the ring so that a technician can insert his hands into the enclosure to reach any point within. The inventive enclosures provide more containment area per unit area of floor space than conventional material isolation enclosures. 3 figures
Building UIs with Wijmo
Zhang, Yuguang
Written with an example-based approach, Building UIs with Wijmo leads you step by step through the implementation and customization of each library component and its associated resources. Reference tables of each configuration option, method, and event for each component are provided, alongside detailed explanations of how each widget is used.Building UIs with Wijmo is targeted at readers who are familiar with HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and jQuery, and have a basic understanding of web development. Although knowledge of jQuery UI is not mandatory, it would be a bonus as it is quite similar to Wijm
Moisture conditions in buildings
Growth of mould requires the presence of moisture at a certain high level. In a heated indoor environment such moisture levels occur only if there is a reason for the moisture supply. Such moisture can come from the use of the building, because of malfunctioning constructions, or it can be the re......Growth of mould requires the presence of moisture at a certain high level. In a heated indoor environment such moisture levels occur only if there is a reason for the moisture supply. Such moisture can come from the use of the building, because of malfunctioning constructions, or it can...
Averill Gordon
Full Text Available Within the background where education is increasingly driven by the economies of scale and research funding, we propose an alternative online open and connected framework (OOC for building global learning communities using mobile social media. We critique a three year action research case study involving building collaborative global learning communities around a community of practice of learning researchers and practitioners. The results include the development of a framework for utilising mobile social media to support collaborative curriculum development across international boundaries. We conclude that this framework is potentially transferrable to a range of educational contexts where the focus is upon student-generated mobile social media projects.
PV cool-build
Cross, B.; Nuh, D.
This report summarises the findings of a project to develop a method for calculating the operating temperature of building integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) modules/laminates which are estimated to operate above ambient temperature. The aim of the study was to minimise the temperature of the BIPV in order to increase the production of clean electricity. Details are given of a series of indoor experiments, computer modelling, and outdoor measurements. The production of a readily available, user-friendly design guide for architects and building designers is discussed.
Vedr.: Military capacity building
Larsen, Josefine Kühnel; Struwe, Lars Bangert
Military capacity building has increasingly become an integral part of Danish defence. Military capacity is a new way of thinking Danish defence and poses a new set of challenges and opportunities for the Danish military and the Political leadership. On the 12th of december, PhD. Candidate Josefine...... Kühnel Larsen and researcher Lars Bangert Struwe of CMS had organized a seminar in collaboration with Royal Danish Defense Colleg and the East African Security Governance Network. The seminar focused on some of the risks involved in Military capacity building and how these risks are dealt with from...
Ecology Beyond Building
Peters, Terri
As the designers of the WWf building in Zeist, The Netherslands a CO2-neutral, self-sufficient office complex, RAU has set the bar for sustainable research and design. Guesteditor Terri Peters visited the firm's studio in Amsterdam to talk to principal Thomas Rau. As Peters relates, Rau prefers t...... to put on the dwindling supply of raw materials rather than the immidiate problems of energy consumption for which there are solutions within reach. With the emphasis on a more far-reaching approach, he places buildings in a wider context of ecological thinking and systems....
Building the perfect PC
Thompson, Robert Bruce
This popular Build-It-Yourself (BIY) PC book covers everything you want to know about building your own system: Planning and picking out the right components, step-by-step instructions for assembling your perfect PC, and an insightful discussion of why you'd want to do it in the first place. Most big brand computers from HP, Dell and others use lower-quality components so they can meet their aggressive pricing targets. But component manufacturers also make high-quality parts that you can either purchase directly, or obtain through distributors and resellers. Consumers and corporations
Containment heat removal system
Wade, G.E.; Barbanti, G.; Gou, P.F.; Rao, A.S.; Hsu, L.C.
This patent describes a nuclear system of a type including a containment having a nuclear reactor therein, the nuclear reactor including a pressure vessel and a core in the pressure vessel, the system. It comprises a gravity pool of coolant disposed at an elevation sufficient to permit a flow of coolant into the nuclear reactor pressure vessel against a predetermined pressure within the nuclear reactor pressure vessel; means for reducing a pressure of steam in the nuclear reactor pressure vessel to a value less than the predetermined pressure in the event of a nuclear accident, the means including a depressurization valve connected to the pressure vessel, the means further including steam heat dissipating means such dissipating means including a suppression pool; a supply of water in the suppression pool, there being a headspace in the suppression pool above the water supply; a substantial amount of air in the head space; means for feeding pressurized steam from the nuclear reactor pressure vessel to a location under a surface of the supply of water, the supply of water being effective to absorb heat sufficient to reduce steam pressure below the predetermined pressure; and a check valve for communicating the headspace with the containment, the check valve being oriented to vent air in the headspace to the containment when a pressure in the headspace exceeds a pressure in the containment by a predetermined pressure differential
WASTE CONTAINMENT OVERVIEW
BSE waste is derived from diseased animals such as BSE (bovine spongiform encepilopothy, also known as Mad Cow) in cattle and CWD (chronic wasting disease) in deer and elk. Landfilling is examined as a disposal option and this presentation introduces waste containment technology...
Confinement contains condensates
Brodsky, S. J.; Roberts, C. D.; Shrock, R.
been viewed as constant empirical mass scales that fill all space-time, are instead wholly contained within hadrons; i.e., they are a property of hadrons themselves and expressed, e.g., in their Bethe-Salpeter or light-front wave functions. We explain that this paradigm is consistent with empirical...
Containers, facilitators, innovators?
Makkonen, Teemu; Merisalo, Maria; Inkinen, Tommi
: are they containers, facilitators or innovators? This is investigated here through empirical material derived from 27 interviews with top departmental management in three Finnish cities (Helsinki, Espoo and Vantaa). The results show that local city governments (LCGs) consider cities as facilitators of innovation...
Human gliomas contain morphine
Olsen, Peter; Rasmussen, Mads; Zhu, Wei
BACKGROUND: Morphine has been found in cancer cell lines originating from human and animal cells. Thus, it became important to demonstrate whether or not actual tumours contain this opiate alkaloid. MATERIAL/METHODS: Human glioma tissues were biochemically treated to isolate and separate endogenous...
Containing contraceptive costs
April 2015, Vol. 105, No. 4. Containing contraceptive costs. There are about 7 billion people living on our planet. In many countries resources are strained and we seek to slow down the rate of population growth. There are obviously many factors that lead to rapid population growth. Contraceptive methods are an important.
CONCRETE REACTOR CONTAINMENT
Lumb, Ralph F.; Hall, William F.; Fruchtbaum, Jacob
The results of various leak-rate tests demonstrate the practicality of concrete as primary containment for the maximum credible accident for a research reactor employing plate-type fuel and having a power in excess of one megawatt. Leak-test time was shortened substantially by measuring the relaxation time for overpressure decay, which is a function of leak rate. (auth)
Reactor containing facility
Akagawa, Katsuhiko.
A cooling space having a predetermined capacity is formed between a reactor container and concrete walls. A circulation loop disposed to the outside of the concrete walls is connected to the top and the bottom of the cooling space. The circulation loop has a circulation pump and a heat exchanger, and a cooling water supply pipe is connected to the upstream of the circulation pump for introducing cooling water from the outside. Upon occurrence of loss of coolant accident, cooling water is introduced from the cooling water supply pipe to the cooling space between the reactor container and the concrete walls after shut-down of the reactor operation. Then, cooling water is circulated while being cooled by the heat exchanger, to cool the reactor container by cooling water flown in the cooling space. This can cool the reactor container in a short period of time upon occurrence of the loss of coolant accident. Accordingly, a repairing operation for a ruptured portion can be conducted rapidly. (I.N.)
Dynamic analysis of a reactor building on alluvial soil
Arya, A.S.; Chandrasekaran, A.R.; Paul, D.K.; Warudkar, A.S.
The reactor building consists of reinforced concrete internal framed structure enclosed in double containment shells of prestressed and reinforced concrete all resting on a common massive raft. The external cylindrical shell is capped by a spherical dome while the internal shell carries a cellular gird slab. The building is partially buried under ground. The soil consists of alluvial going to 1000 m depth. The site lies in a moderate seismic zone. The paper presents the dynamic analysis of the building including soil-structure interaction. The mathematical model consists of four parallel, suitably interconnected struxtures, namely inner containment, outer containment, internal frame and the calandria vault. Each one of the parallel structures consists of lumped-mass beam elements. The soil below the raft and on the sides of outer containment shell is represented by elastic springs in both horizontal and vertical directions. The various assumpions required to be made in developing the mathematical model are briefly discussed in the paper. (Auth.)
GOTHIC MODEL OF BWR SECONDARY CONTAINMENT DRAWDOWN ANALYSES
Hansen, P.N.
This article introduces a GOTHIC version 7.1 model of the Secondary Containment Reactor Building Post LOCA drawdown analysis for a BWR. GOTHIC is an EPRI sponsored thermal hydraulic code. This analysis is required by the Utility to demonstrate an ability to restore and maintain the Secondary Containment Reactor Building negative pressure condition. The technical and regulatory issues associated with this modeling are presented. The analysis includes the affect of wind, elevation and thermal impacts on pressure conditions. The model includes a multiple volume representation which includes the spent fuel pool. In addition, heat sources and sinks are modeled as one dimensional heat conductors. The leakage into the building is modeled to include both laminar as well as turbulent behavior as established by actual plant test data. The GOTHIC code provides components to model heat exchangers used to provide fuel pool cooling as well as area cooling via air coolers. The results of the evaluation are used to demonstrate the time that the Reactor Building is at a pressure that exceeds external conditions. This time period is established with the GOTHIC model based on the worst case pressure conditions on the building. For this time period the Utility must assume the primary containment leakage goes directly to the environment. Once the building pressure is restored below outside conditions the release to the environment can be credited as a filtered release
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Home / Explore / Canada's History Forum
2015 Canada's History Forum
Telling the story of Canadian Women from Exceptional to Everyday Life
Hosted by Canada’s History Society.
— Posted October 16, 2015
Canadian Museum of History, Gatineau, QC
Over 100 years ago Canadian women achieved a significant milestone. In January 1916, the province of Manitoba granted women the right to vote in provincial elections. Women in Saskatchewan and Alberta followed shortly afterwards.
Gaining the vote was just one moment in a long history of women’s achievements. And while their stories didn’t often appear in the history books, their contributions range from the daily struggle for life as early settlers to the fight to have women recognized as persons under the law.
The one hundredth anniversary of women’s suffrage in Canada provided an opportunity to look back on the lives of these exceptional women and, by sharing their stories of perseverance and determination, inspire young Canadian women today.
Watch The Presentations
Lawrence Hill Keynote Presentation - Canada's History Forum 2015
In this presentation Lawrence Hill speaks about his experiences telling women's stories. Lawrence Hill is the recipient of the 2015 Governor General’s History Award for Popular Media – The Pierre Berton Award.
Charlotte Gray panel presentation - 2015 Canada's History Forum
In this presentation, Charlotte Gray speaks about her experiences of telling women's stories.
Jean Barman - Researching the lives of women
In this presentation, Professor Jean Barman discusses her life’s work of researching women’s stories.
Dominique Deslandres - 2015 Canada's History Forum
Dominique Deslandres presents at the 2015 Canada’s History Forum.
Rose Fine-Meyer - 2015 Canada's History Forum
In this presentation, Rose Fine-Meyer discusses her studies of the relationship between curricula, pedagogical practices, and place-based learning experiences as it relates to women’s history.
Past Canada's History Forums
Watch the recordings of “Making History Relevant.”
Engaging Authentic Indigenous Histories.
Canada's Next Great Storyteller
Is Technology Altering Our History?
How should the Great War be remembered?
Speaking of the Past: History Beyond the Classroom
Should you trust your history teacher? History Forum challenges what we know as Canadians.
What we should we teach when we teach Canadian history? What do we want Canadians to remember?
Related to Canada's History Forum
11th Canada's History Forum
Connecting Communities Through History
Weaving Stories and Stitching History
In this presentation, Heather Jefkins shares how her class embarked on a fibre arts adventure to learn about the importance of traditional crafts in both the past and the present.
SCMR Oral History Project
In this presentation, Deborah Dobbins discusses how telling stories of pioneer African American Canadians can be a catalyst for reconciliation.
Do Canadians think about history?
Danielle Metcalfe-Chenail presenting at the 2014 Canada’s History Forum.
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Kohl’s wants more of your Amazon returns
More physical retailers have been working with Amazon in the hopes that they can reach the online shopping giant's millions of shoppers
April 23, 2019 by Joseph Pisani, The Associated Press
PHOTO: Amazon
NEW YORK – Kohl’s wants you to skip the post office and bring your Amazon returns to its stores.
The department store chain said Thursday it will accept Amazon returns at all its 1,150 stores starting in July, expanding its nearly two-year test of the service from 100 stores.
Kohl’s sees the partnership with Amazon as a way to get people in its doors and maybe get them to buy something while they’re there. As for Amazon, it makes returns easier for its shoppers, who can drop off items at the stores without needing to pack it up in a box.
Shares of Kohl’s Corp. soared nearly 8% after the announcement.
It may seem like an unusual tie-up, but more physical retailers have been working with Amazon in the hopes that they can reach the online shopping giant’s millions of shoppers. Sears, for example, started selling its Kenmore-branded appliances on Amazon.com. And some clothing and shoe brands, such as Chico’s, J. Crew and Nike, have announced deals to sell some of their fashion on Amazon.
Kohl’s and Amazon have been working together since 2017, when Kohl’s started selling Amazon Kindles, Echos and other gadgets at some of its stores.
To boost sales, Kohl’s has also been shrinking its stores and renting or selling space to gym operator Planet Fitness and low-priced grocer Aldi, hoping that people working out or picking up bread will also make a stop at Kohl’s. There are signs the strategy working: sales at established Kohl’s stores rose 1% during the holiday shopping period.
Analysts at Citi Research said the deal with Amazon is a “positive” one for Kohl’s, and likened the department store to a fish: “Better to be swimming alongside than in front of the shark,” the Citi Research analysts said in a note Tuesday.
Kohl’s said Tuesday that it won’t charge customers for their Amazon returns, even if Kohl’s has to pack items in boxes.
As part of the deal, Kohl’s is also giving Amazon the option to buy nearly 1.75 million of its shares over the next seven years at $69.68, according to a government filing. That’s a nearly 5% discount off Kohl’s Corp.’s Tuesday’s share price, which was trading above $73.
Have cashiers had their day? Amazon seems to think so
Amazon drops $25 free shipping minimum for holidays
Bezos: Amazon will take risks, learn from failures
Amazon’s profit soars, but revenue disappoints
GBLT Corp. receives EUR$195,000 in PPE orders from German retailers
Google Cloud and Nokia partner to accelerate cloud-native 5G readiness
Equispheres launches three new lines of aluminum powders
Tinley’s partners with MARS distribution to enhance supply chain in California
The Valens Company joins the Food, Health & Consumer Products of Canada
Are you ready for the WSIB’s new premium rate model?
Report questions long-term viability of Canada’s largest manufacturing sector
A look at new restrictions under Ontario’s stay at home order
Republicans condemn ‘scheme’ to undo election for Trump
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HomeDestinations Las Vegas Tours
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Las Vegas Area Tours
Explore Las Vegas and beyond, including nearby locations like Laughlin, Red Rock Canyon, the Valley of Fire, and Eldorado Canyon. Soar over the Las Vegas Strip in a helicopter, swap Sin City for the quiet desert oasis of Laughlin, or get up close and personal with the Southwest desert on an SUV or ATV tour.
Las Vegas Night Flight Helicopter Tour
Why Visit the Las Vegas Area?
There's more to Las Vegas than the Strip! There are numerous options to suit any traveller, whether you want to experience Sin City in luxurious style or explore the rugged terrain that lies just beyond the city limits.
If you're looking for a Las Vegas adventure that will take you beyond the bustle of the Strip, hop on a dazzling helicopter flight high above the action, or escape Sin City altogether on an adventure to Laughlin, Red Rock Canyon, the Valley of Fire, or Eldorado Canyon—all less than 2 hours from the Strip. Tours depart daily from the Las Vegas Strip.
If you want to explore beyond the city limits but don't have time for a longer trip to the Grand Canyon, our Las Vegas tours a great alternative that will have you back in Vegas in time for your evening plans—unless your evening plans are a night flight over the Strip!
What You'll See in Las Vegas
The Strip is home to Las Vegas's most iconic casinos and resorts, as well as performances, restaurants, and other attractions.
Rise above the Las Vegas Strip and Fremont Street for dazzling views of Sin City's glittering neon lights.
Only 15 miles from the Strip, Red Rock Canyon is so close you can actually see it from the Strip.
The oldest state park in Nevada, just 50 miles northeast of the Strip.
Laughlin, NV
This "Oasis in the Desert" is located on the banks of the Colorado River, just 1 hour from Las Vegas.
Eldorado Canyon
Pan for gold at a historic gold mine and venture into the desert on an ATV adventure.
Las Vegas Travel Guides
25 Family Friendly Things To Do in Las Vegas with Kids
Keep your kids and yourself entertained with these exciting, interesting, and occasionally educational Las Vegas experiences.
34 Totally Free Things To Do in Las Vegas
Las Vegas has a reputation as a place of extravagance and indulgence—with a price tag to match. People come here expecting to spend and—if they’re lucky—win big, but beyond all the top-billed residenc...
The Ultimate Las Vegas Visitor Guide
Vegas, baby! From weekend warriors to high rollers, Las Vegas attracts nearly 43 million visitors every year. Whether you're a seasoned Las Vegas visitor or its your first time exploring the enter...
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As 2A Sanctuaries Spread, Gun Control Groups Warn Of Consequences
News from Virginia.
ROANOKE, Va (WDBJ7) From Bedford to Botetourt, Second Amendment Sanctuaries have been popping up across Virginia. The resolutions are largely symbolic, designed to send a message to state government.
But Eric Tirschwell worries the Sanctuaries could do some real world harm.
“These resolutions are nothing more than an attempt to short-circuit the Democratic process,” he said.
Tirschwell is Managing Director of Litigation and National Enforcement Policy at Everytown for Gun Safety, a gun control advocacy group. He says he’s sounding the alarm now because of the rapid spread of the sanctuaries across Virginia and beyond.
“If these folks actually follow through on what at this point is really just a threat to not enforce laws, that’s where I think the real danger will reveal itself,” he said.
Tirschwell argues the resolutions are problematic for a number of reasons, most importantly, he says, because they put lives at risk.
“These resolutions could have, and threaten to have, a chilling effect on people who might otherwise use, or take advantage of gun safety laws to try to prevent harm, like a suicide, a homicide or even a mass shooting,” he said.
However, gun rights organizers say Tirshwell and other critics are missing the message.
2nd Amendment Sanctuary movement continues to grow
In statements to city and county governments across our region, citizens have argued that the resolutions are about making the Governor and House of Delegates pay attention. “Because we don’t have a voice at the state level. We only have a voice at the local level,” said one man at a Pulaski Board of Supervisors meeting.
Supporters also say the movement is chiefly about standing up for Constitutional rights.
“Don’t let Botetourt County be culpable in the death of liberties and freedoms,” said another man to the Botetourt County Board of Supervisors.
Tirschwell takes issue with that, noting laws frequently decried by gun rights activists, like expanded background checks and so-called red flag laws, have been upheld in the courts.
“These officials aren’t quote-unquote defending the Constitution, as they like to say. They’re really threatening to defy it, and to substitute their own personal views of what’s constitutional,” he said.
Tirschwell says, for now, any threat posed by the resolutions is purely theoretical. However, he warns any officials who try to use the resolutions to defy state gun control laws could have a rude wakening.
“I wouldn’t suggest betting on them,” he said.
Everytown also had a hissy fit in a recent press release, saying “the gun lobby is hypocritically encouraging law enforcement to ignore the rule of law in defense of their extreme and dangerous interpretation of the Constitution.”
“Chilling.” “Dangerous.” But to listen to the Virginia AG, also a controller, and his interpretive legions in academia, these county laws have no effect and are irrelevant.
So which is it? Are they chilling and dangerous, or are they completely ineffectual?
They can’t make their mind up because they fear CWII. They know it, and we know it. You can blame it all on them. Any blood spilled will be on their hands. All the controllers had to do to ensure peace and stability was leave people alone.
That … a controller cannot do. Can a Leopard change its spots? Neither are they able to do good, being accustomed to doing evil (Jeremiah 13:23). They know enough to warn of the consequences, but are unable to change their own behavior. But those consequences may not work out the way they had planned.
Gun Control Tags: Virginia Gun Laws —
On The Virginia Front | Western Rifle Shooters Association
As 2A Sanctuaries Spread, Gun Control Groups Warn Of Consequences | From the Trenches World ReportFrom the Trenches World Report
On December 20, 2019 at 11:04 pm, Phil Ossiferz Stone said:
With one hand the Democrats strip away the protections of state and Federal Constitutions. With the other, they are doing this:
https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/12/17/watch-illegal-aliens-celebrate-new-jersey-giving-them-drivers-licenses/
https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/washington-secrets/2020-census-surge-in-immigrants-to-take-24-house-seats-from-trump-states
On December 21, 2019 at 1:48 am, George 1 said:
Phil. Yes. Immigration, legal and illegal is a far greater threat to our national security than any threat we have faced with the possible exception of nuclear annihilation. It is also the problem politicians care about the least. Our failure to control immigration will be the death of the Republic.
The elites want this outcome as evidenced by the lack of action to get a handle on the invasion by anyone in local, State or the Federal Government. In fact, they cheer for our decline and fall.
On December 21, 2019 at 7:40 am, Darrell Cloud said:
The final goal of democracy is the dictatorship of the majority. The Bill of Rights were expressly written to protect the minority from this majority. Ten mega cities have all but captured the political process in the United States. Middle America is in the process of being permanently disenfranchised.
History is filled with examples of how this plays out. The targeted minority is disarmed and then it is ethnically cleansed. The favorite weapon of mass murderers is starvation.
Look to your people, look to their provisions, and look to their security.
On December 21, 2019 at 7:54 am, Matt Bracken said:
Eric T:
https://gab.com/system/media_attachments/files/025/104/278/original/7036981bc5b249d4.jpg?1576932768
On December 21, 2019 at 8:06 am, Phil Carson said:
Guess they don’t like it when people push back because they are pushing us dirt people past our civilized tolerance, threatening to make us felons and terrorists because we refuse to be coerced and extorted by the power of the state? That is not any kind of law, that is exactly what it is, a threat to do bodily harm to us and put us in chains. We have done exactly nothing but abide by our foundational laws which are rooted in unalienable truths of us, our natural right to self defence, from exactly this kind of usurpation of laws that have existed from our founding.
Our rifles are for exactly because these hoplophobe’s meddling in every facet of the sphere of their lives.
They think themselves gods or something.
They have divine powers of kings to create defacto law out of thin air and whole cloth at the flick of their finger, no one has a say that these defacto attainders of writ directly are pointed at, and we are supposed to shut up and do what they say because they have self anointed themselves our moral superiors.
That kind of says it all, that they are the ones “alarmed and upset” over the consequences of their actions.
Well tough shit.
You made that bed jack, you lie in it. If your not careful it will be your grave.
Go f%$k a flyin’ rollin’ donut.
That commie crap don’t wash with me nor millions of my brothers and sisters in solidarity of liberty and we refuse to comply with their diktat in no uncertain terms.
That absolute absence of prudence might cut it in their Potemkin utopian fantasy land, but their dystopian aggression, imposed to shove their statism up my arse is not my utopia.
And exactly who elected this mouth piece to put words in our mouths and thoughts in our minds talking out his arse?
If he and his ilk understood us honestly, they would never try to impose this creeping tyranny.
That they don’t in itself is all the reason required to say BFYTW.
On December 21, 2019 at 8:29 am, anom said:
we are not a fucking democracy, we are a constitutional fucking republic…..morons
On December 21, 2019 at 8:34 am, GA Patriot said:
They are upset because they know they are going to lose, then they are going to hang.
On December 21, 2019 at 9:00 am, ragman said:
Phil asked who elected this communist? Mikie Bloomberg did, the same POS that’s running for president. He also injected hundreds of millions of dollars into congressional and local elections. Beatoff O’Rourke pulled back the curtain, he let the confiscation genie out of the globalist bottle. And once said genie is out there’s no way it can be put back in the bottle. Spicy times are coming, my friends. It’s much later than we think. Prepare accordingly.
On December 21, 2019 at 9:12 am, Heywood said:
But sanctuary cities for illegals are just fine, right. I can tolerate a lot…but hypocrisy drives me nuts.
On December 21, 2019 at 9:46 am, Jablowme said:
Funny he touts the democratic process (which we all know is a fucking joke) but apparently forgets that county sheriffs are elected officials (i.e. democratically elected).
On December 21, 2019 at 9:49 am, dmv gringo said:
The irony is staggering.
On December 21, 2019 at 9:54 am, Adino said:
If these Marxists were interested in reason, logic, and debate, then some common ground could possibly be found to discuss these issues.
Unfortunately, the Marxists have one one desire, and that is to spread Marxism by any means necessary, and to do so they need to ensure only comrades and not Trad Americans have firearms. Hence Soros and Bloomberg and the rest of the oligarchs desire to disarm Trad America.
And they desire a government that is weaponized against its unarmed populous (since that’s the only way Marxists putsches work.)
If however, they could be communicated with, the first point would be that we do not live in a democracy. We are supposed to be living in a republic. A republic with a democratic process. That republic has as one of its foundational principles the inalienable right to self defense, and that self defense requires un-infringed rights to firearms. Period.
That foundational principle of the republic is not subject to democratic processes intended to undo the foundational principles, as is the case in democracies.
Those who do not care for the foundational principles do have rights, most importantly the right to leave the country to live somewhere that is alignment with their principles.
It does NOT include the right to transform the nation into that of their Marxist choosing by eroding and doing away with its foundation.
Secondly, elections bought by billionaires are not what most Trad Americans consider free and fair elections. So this Tirschwell fellow is not leaning into democracy either.
Left to logic, reason, and debate the gun grabbers are left with no legs to stand on.
Hence the threats of violence by those abusing governmental authority.
On December 21, 2019 at 10:11 am, Phil Carson said:
Ah, excuse me, sir, to paraphrase what you and your armed badged leg-breakers, you all so kindly remind us without fail, If your not doing anything wrong, why are you so worried about us?
Should you not be so legitimate and rightful that you have no need to project a gordian knot of double standards upon us to deflect the truth of your hideous impositions of pseudo oh so convenient laws over us to make us all criminals totally absent of Habeas Corpus and threaten us with Posse Comitatus???
What is to be declared next I ask?
Honor us with special proscribed status of undesirable persons?
Box cars, Gulag, and death camps?
Got some news for you all, those rifles you are itching to take from us, they are for exactly what your trying to do to us.
That #2 Amendment they got listed on that piece of parchment you all use as asswipe, it’s for shooting your foul arses when you start this shit your trying to shove down our throats.
On December 21, 2019 at 1:31 pm, Wes said:
Virginia AG picks his side….
https://ncrenegade.com/editorial/virginia-ag-picks-his-side/
On December 21, 2019 at 1:38 pm, Bill said:
Symbolic my ass, this is exactly what the 2nd amendment is for… I hope you Virginians are identifying where these ass hats live, work and commute routes.. Northham has 2 kids also..
Anyone interested in Dobbs Ferry, NY 10522???
On December 22, 2019 at 7:02 am, Trumpeter said:
It seems the AG could do much to ally the concerns fueling the 2A movement. Announce that the measures will be enforced only in major metropolitan counties for the first four years. Door to door warrantless searches, and stop and frisk, and rolling roadblocks, enhanced warrantless surveillance..
All in Richmond. You can talk to us after you apply yourself to the real gunproblem.
On December 22, 2019 at 8:02 am, Mark Matis said:
Surely you know very well by now, Trumpeter, that he has no intention of doing anything even remotely like that!!!
Funny how the truth counties belong to the people is avoided at all costs.
In other words the structure of republican form of government is an upside down pyramid. What then is at the top of the power structure is we the people, it is they who are subservient to that truth. They are at the pointy tiny bottom of the pecking order.
What they are attempting to do is reverse this. And it scares the living crap out of them to see people are taking action, and it is, action, that counts. The action to employ the oft not, rarely used power of we the people.
There is in regards to the structure of OUR government, nothing as legitimate, nothing with legitimate power, as flipping that pyramid on it’s head and putting baby genocide Ralphie and his scumbag pals in the basement, back of the bus bitchez.
They got nothing on us. Just diarrhea of the piehole, and there’s none better at that then these scumbag usurpers and their excuse factory called the fake media. Good thing they are at the bottom and we the people on top, shit rolls down hill.
You are currently reading "As 2A Sanctuaries Spread, Gun Control Groups Warn Of Consequences", entry #22719 on The Captain's Journal.
This article is filed under the category(s) Gun Control and was published December 20th, 2019 by Herschel Smith.
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A senior GE exec says successful leadership depends on how you spend 10% of your time
Shana Lebowitz
GE‘Make room for discovery,’ says Beth Comstock, pictured.
As you ascend the corporate ladder and your free time gets ever more limited, it might seem like the first thing to get rid of is all those optional activities — like going to conferences, watching educational talks, and relaxedly “ideating.”
Ask Beth Comstock, vice chair of General Electric, and she’ll tell you that’s a terrible idea.
In an interview with LinkedIn’s editor in chief Daniel Roth, Comstock gave some leadership advice that applies both to people relatively new in their careers and to those who have been in the workforce for a while:
“The first thing you have to say to people is: Make room for discovery. If I manage myself, I manage a team, I manage a division, there’s a certain amount of your budget, your time, your people that need to be focused on what’s next.
“And it could be 10% — you know for yourself. I think usually 10% is a pretty good way to think about it.
“Think about how you manage your own time. Can I spend 10% of my time a week reading, going to sites like Singularity, TED, talking to people, going to industry events, asking people: What trends are you seeing? What are you nervous about? What are you excited about?”
This drive to learn new things may be an integral part of Comstock’s success. In 2012, when she was GE’s chief marketing officer, she spoke to Fast Company about her penchant for change in her career: “I’m propelled by curiosity … My formative years at GE, every two years I moved to a new assignment.”
And soon after earning the vice chair title in 2015, Comstock told The Washington Post that one of the biggest keys to her success is “curiosity — wanting to learn and to constantly try to be better and do better.”
Sure, switching assignments every two years is one way to get a fresh perspective. But you can also take it down a notch and do what Comstock suggested to Roth in the LinkedIn interview: read, research, and network relentlessly — for just one out of every 10 hours you spend at work.
Watch Daniel Roth’s full interview with Beth Comstock on LinkedIn»
Get the latest General Electric stock price here.
careers general electric leadership time management warroom-us
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Aero Friedrichshafen Day 4…Wrap — BlackWing 600, JMB Aircraft, FlySynthesis Synchro, ScaleWings P-51 Replica
April 16, 2019 by Dan Johnson 4 Comments
Aero Friedrichshafen is over. At the beginning, show organizers said it was their biggest yet, measured by the number of exhibitors. Aero trails AirVenture Oshkosh in this measurement but only slightly. In other words, it’s big …big enough that it’s hard to see everything of interest.
In the past days, I’ve covered 16 aircraft that I found interesting and I had to skip many others. I simply did not have the hours needed to visit every exhibitor to hear their story, even if it might be a great one. The show is that rich a target environment for a journalist covering Light-Sport Aircraft, Sport Pilot kits, and ultralights.
So Many Airplanes,
Not Enough Hours…
ScaleWings SW51 — When I reported this aircraft in 2018, the “Walter Mitty story” went on to become one of the most popular articles of the year on this website. On social media promotions it also attracted more attention than any other aircraft that year. A year later enthusiasm is still hot. Throngs around the aircraft at Aero reinforced that view. North American’s P-51 and its distinctive shape has perhaps inspired more pilots than any other aircraft in history. Therefore, ScaleWings‘ intricately-detailed execution of a 70% scale replica of the iconic airplane draws admiring looks that few others can hope to match.
However, can they really manufacture this artistic work? Last year, I admit I wondered if the company would actually pull off the move to production. Originally known as the FK-51 because it was to be produced by FK Lightplanes’ Poland facility, production ran into trouble. The Poland FK factory had various problems unrelated to this one design. Last year that older relationship was causing doubts about their sustained operation. The two went their separate ways.
In the last year, ScaleWings has made many changes, upgraded its staff, added test equipment, and brought in a top production man with a background in general aviation, according to front man, Christian von Kessel. Testing has continued using an impressive “strong back,” a steel cage-type apparatus built to exert loads on an airframe to prove components and construction methods. The ScaleWings version of this is the most sophisticated I’ve seen. Work remains but this company is looking solid. Given the keen response to the airplane, if ScaleWings can enter steady production, they might sell all they can make.
To learn more, as I imagine many readers may wish to do, look at their brochure (PDF file).
Blackwing 600RG — Sweden’s success story in light aviation could be summed up in one company’s name: Blackwing. Since it first debuted at Aero 2015 the sleek design from the Scandinavian company has drawn many admiring looks. Blackwing exhibits their retractable gear model (600RG) because regulations in most European countries have no speed limit and no ban on retractable gear when operating as European-type ultralights. Therefore many companies in the LSA-like space push speed as a primary selling tool and retractable models are part of this. Displaying his aircraft with gear retracted (photo) Blackwing Sweden Founder and CEO Niklas Anderberg presents his slippery aircraft in its best go-fast look.
Current FAA regulations forbid retractable gear except on seaplanes as part of the overall goal to keep these aircraft easier to operate. The original mantra was “simple aircraft in simple airspace.” FAA could not know that the new LSA sector would become a worldwide phenomenon that would circle back to help simplify Part 23 (CS-23) certification methods.
As reported here several times LAMA has informed industry that significant changes are coming. Beside key regulation changes proposed by LAMA, champions like EAA have fought to expand the professional build-assist center concept. FAA has adjusted its oversight of this effort to support the idea and more accommodating rules are coming. Updated regulations can help companies like Blackwing sell aircraft that exceed the LSA speed limit until we see if FAA will expand the Light-Sport Aircraft category to permit higher speeds. Until then, as interest may express itself, Blackwing also offers a fixed gear version that could enter the U.S. market sooner.
JMB Aircraft Update — “JMB Aircraft is run by two Belgium brothers,” stated the company. “JMB Aircraft is the production company of the VL3, a plane designed by Vanessa Air and produced in the past by Aveko.” Americans may already know this airplane although not from JMB and not called VL3. This is the Gobosh model once rebadged and sold in the USA with fixed gear and winglets. Back in 2007, Jean Marie and his brother represented Aveko models and became responsible for 85% of the producer’s sales (outside the U.S). In 2012 they acquired Aveko and by 2015 had taken over production.
In recent years, JMB has done well. At their company party at Aero on Friday, Jean Marie gave a short talk where he provided some company data. “We bought the company seven years ago and we now employ 100 people in the Czech Republic. With dealers and other staff, JMB now is served by 150 people. Together they have built, sold, and delivered 320 VL3 aircraft, primarily in Europe with a few in other countries (two are in the USA registered under the Aveko brand). In 2018, JMB built 50 aircraft and Jean Marie said they were planning on 5.5 per month for 2019, or 66 aircraft. By any reasonable measure this is a good performance.
JMB does offer a fixed gear model but their website specifies, “Only for flight schools.” As with Blackwing, since this Belgium-based company sells primarily in Europe where fast retractable are allowed, why would company leaders like Jean Marie want to show a slower model? JMB said VL3 Evolution can hit 160 knots with the Rotax 914 engine. They are seeking the right partner for America. Find our more about JMB Aircraft here.
Fly Synthesis Synchro & Catalina — Fly Synthesis catches my eye every year at Aero. Causing that response is always their sharply raked Synchro that makes an art of looking fast while sitting still. Joining the speedy-looking aircraft was an entry fresh to my eyes. The Catalina NG presents a different view of amphibious LSA-style seaplanes. Despite having a flock of airplanes the brand is unknown in the USA, which reveals another way to show the size of the LSA-like market around the world. Fly Synthesis reports delivering more than 2,000 aircraft, none of which are in the USA.
The company stated, “The vast experience accumulated on composite materials in years of activity [in aviation] has allowed us to explore other fields, such as renewable energy (wind power), automotive, and nautical.” They also do “research and development, design and prototyping in collaboration with other companies in fields not strictly related to aviation.”
Despite their diversification, the Italian company offers quite a full line of aircraft beside the Synchro that always catches my eye. Indeed, Fly Synthesis offers: a high wing, Synchro; low wing, Texan; European ultralight-style, Storch; an open cockpit Rotax 582-powered ultralight, Wallaby; and a rather unique approach to seaplanes, Catalina. All these are in production now. Discontinued is the single seat ultralight, Kangaroo.
The stories from Aero — and more from Sun ‘n Fun — will continue for a while longer. Selected aircraft may be featured in additional articles with more specific info to that airplane.
As soon I return home and as the travel schedule settles, I’ll work on a few short (≈ 2 min.) videos to follow.
Thanks for following our Sun ‘n Fun and Aero Friedrichshafen show coverage! —DJ
Filed Under: Blackwing Sweden AB, Fly Synthesis, JMB Aircraft s.r.o., ScaleWings Aircraft, Splog, SW51 Mustang
David Stephenson says
I would like to see an effort to increase the weight of 103 aircraft for safety and reliability. A 4 stroke engine is more reliable and operates at less rpm than a comparable 2 stroke. It is, all things considered, heavier. An allowance of 20 pounds for 4 stroke use would result in a safer, more reliable aircraft. It would also be more quite thereby making it more acceptable to the general public. You, and your organization, would carry more weight with the FAA than any Joe Q citizen. Regards from a very rusty pilot who is getting the urge to fly again. I always enjoy your comments and videos, but sometimes I am a more critical viewer, because I am an aeronautical engineer. Let me have the insight of your perspective on this manner.
Dan Johnson says
David: No one who has interacted with FAA wants to change a single word in FAR Part 103. It is delightfully brief and could not likely pass muster in the current regulatory environment. In other words, any attempt to change it might scuttle the whole thing and NO ONE wants that. The newest four stroke engines can be much lighter (article about the Bailey motor) and the current generation of two strokes are different animals than when Part 103 was written in 1982. • Thank you for you kind words and I don’t mind constructive criticism of my work.
I am going to Germany on May 25th. Are Friedrichshafen visits worthwhile after the trade show.
Hi David: Well, I certainly think so but after 21 years, I’m something of a fan of the area. It’s beautiful, plenty of good dining, and the Zeppelin Museum alone is worth a stay — although all the placards are in German only. It would help to go with a German speaker but worthwhile anyway if you are an airship enthusiast (as I am).
Ekolot America represents three handsome all-composite designs that boast very attractive prices to match their handsome exterior cleanliness and beautiful interior. Built in Poland and represented in three locations around the USA, here is an affordable aircraft you'd be proud to own.
US Sport Planes offers the all-composite, well-proven Jabiru line, one of the most popular Light-Sport Aircraft in America and the world. Under new leadership in Texas, the fast, handsome, and especially roomy Jabiru models are supported with exceptional service.
Airtime Aircraft (FlyCT.com), is the nation's largest seller of Light-Sport Aircraft, focused on the: CTLS and CT Super, the top-selling LSA in America. Airtime has represented Flight Design's CT series since Day One and knows more about the model than anyone outside the manufacturer. Run by a father and son team, Tom and Tom Gutmann Sr. and Jr. are enthusiasts that can get you in the aircraft you want and can help you maintain, upgrade, or enjoy your aircraft.
Evolution Trikes developed and continues to refine their Revo, an absolutely magnificent weight shift control aircraft (or trike). Rev is their new very affordable single place machine.
Seamax Aircraft designed and manufactures a wonderful Light-Sport amphibious flying boat of the same name. Created in Brazil SeaMax is a beautifully finished, high performing aircraft, the first to win FAA acceptance as a SLSA and it sets a high standard for light floatplanes.
Flight Design USA imports CT, one of the best selling Light-Sport Aircraft in American and the world. CT is 98% carbon fiber |with superb performance, roomy cockpit, great useful load, and a parachute as standard equipment ...a market leader for many years!
Texas Aircraft, from the Lone Star state, offers a bright new entry: Colt 100, a descendant from an established Brazilian light aircraft. Colt is a handsome, clean-sheet design built of aluminum with a steel safety cell structure, performing strongly with its Rotax 912 engine, and showing a well-equipped, modern, deluxe interior that any pilot can love.
AeroJones Aviation builds the very popular CT-series of Light-Sport Aircraft for Asia-Pacific markets. CTLSi is the latest version... a 98% carbon fiber design with superb performance, roomy cockpit, great useful load, and a parachute as standard equipment.
Vickers Aircraft has created one of the most distinctive new LSA seaplanes yet to emerge. Powered by the 180-horsepower Titan IO-340CC by Continental Motors, their Wave model is like no other seaplane ever introduced with multiple features to set it apart from the crowd.
Aerotrek Aircraft imports the A240 and A220 tricycle gear or taildragger Special Light-Sport Aircraft. A finely finished aircraft at an excellent price, Aerotrek has wide, affordable appeal.
Alto North America has returned the Alto 912 TG to American skies after a short hiatus. Popular with flight schools, Alto is known for excellent handling qualities and superior slow flight characteristics. Students love it, of course, but so do nearly 100 other recreational pilots around the globe. Produced by Direct Fly in the Czech Republic, it is offered in the USA by Scott Rose.
Lockwood Aircraft is the builder of two of light aviation's best-recognized flying machines: AirCam and the Drifter line. Most sport aviators already know the Lockwood brand, a leader in Rotax maintenance and aircraft services.
BRM Aero manufacturers the handsome Bristell all-metal SLSA. This highly evolved, next-generation Light-Sport was carefully engineered for luxury, comfort, excellent stability, and safety while being fun, fast, and easy to fly.
Aero Adventure offers what is likely the lowest cost boat-hull seaplane in the light aircraft space with a kit that, complete with engine, sells for less than $50,000. Add a long history to its credit and Aventura is a seaplane worthy of a close look.
Evektor is Number One and always will be. The Czech company's SportStar was the number one SLSA to win approval but engineers have steadily improved the model far beyond that 2005 version that started the race.
Aeropilot USA ends your search for a Light-Sport Aircraft that is both familiar and new. Consider L600. This 80%-sized copy of Cessna's 182 is built with modern materials and well equipped but for tiny fraction of the cost of a new Skylane.
SportairUSA is a pioneering LSA distributor featuring the top-performing STOL, the Savage Nomad Shock Ultra, and Z~Floats—amphibious floats for light aircraft. It is a full-line, mid-America operation providing LSA & Part 23 airframe, engine & prop maintenance, repair and avionics.
CGS Hawk is much-beloved by owners, with more than 2,000 aircraft flying. With wonderful flying qualities, Hawk is available in a variety of models, including Part 103. Build a kit or buy a ready-to-fly Hawk Special LSA. An enduring pioneer among light aircraft, Hawk hails from Ohio with additional operations in Florida.
Arion Aircraft has designed and built one of the most beautiful low wing entries in the Special LSA and kit-built aircraft sector. The all-American designed and built aircraft is priced fairly and flies wonderfully ... need you search for more?
Kolb Aircraft is one of the most famous and successful names in light aviation. From the two-place Mark III to the Part 103 Ultralight Firefly, Kolb has some of the most charming and best flying aircraft you can afford.
Aerolite 103 is a remarkably well priced (way below $20,000), well-equipped, Part 103 ultralight that flies beautifully. Several hundred are airborne and production has never been more solid. Here is an airplane every pilot can love and afford.
The Airplane Factory (TAF) produces the Sling series of world-circling aircraft (literally) and now this fine-flying, all-metal beauty is available in the United States as a Special Light-Sport Aircraft. Here is an LSA to follow.
SilverLight Aviation created an all-American gyroplane with modern sophistication and equipment, built by a proven expert. Gyroplanes like AR1 fly much like fixed wings but with real advantages.
North Wing is America's leading manufacturer of weight shift LSA and Part 103 ultralight trikes. The company's wing designs are so good that most other trike manufacturers use them. Aircraft prices are highly affordable by all.
Progressive Aerodyne designed and supplies the SeaRey series, arguably the most celebrated of all light seaplanes in America. A close community of hundreds of owners offers camaraderie few other brands can match.
Bristell USA distributes the highly-refined Bristell aircraft in North America. The Czech-built aircraft is a 5th generation design with excellent performance, wonderful handling, and a most appealing shape. Other airplanes may look similar but Bristell has gone far beyond.
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2000-06-29T10:02:35-04:00https://images.c-span.org/Files/fc8/20000629103112001.jpgBills Introduced: 27 public bills, H.R. 4782-4808; 1 private bill, H.R. 4809; and 4 resolutions, H. Con. Res. 366-368, and H. Res. 543, were introduced.
Pages H5654-55, H5656
Reports Filed: Reports were filed today as follows.
Conference report on H.R. 4425, making appropriations for military construction, family housing, and base realignment and closure for the Department of Defense for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2001 (H. Rept. 106-710); and
H.R. 4541, to reauthorize and amend the Commodity Exchange Act to promote legal certainty, enhance competition, and reduce systemic risk in markets for futures and over-the-counter derivatives, amended (H. Rept. 106-711, Pt. 1).
Pages H5460-H5532, H5654
Agriculture, Rural Development, FDA, and Related Agencies Appropriations: The House completed general debate and began considering amendments to H.R. 4461, making appropriations for Agriculture, Rural Development, Food and Drug Administration, and Related Agencies programs for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2001.
Pages H5442-60, H5533-98
Agreed To:
Clayton amendment that increases funding for land-grant colleges and cooperative extension activities by $6.8 million and decreases Agricultural Research Service funding accordingly;
Pages H5536-37
Weiner amendment No. 65 printed in the Congressional Record that reduces Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service funding by $15,510, the amount used for the inspection of imported Iranian food products;
Hayes amendment that clarifies that funding may be used to carry out research on the medical, biotechnological, food, and industrial uses of tobacco;
Berry amendment that eliminates funding for the Office of the Under Secretary for Natural Resources and Environment and transfers funding of $693,000 to Resource Conservation and Development programs for resolution of small family farm and ranch regulatory issues with the Environmental Protection Agency;
Kelly amendment No. 8 printed in the Congressional Record that strikes language that would prohibit the use of funding for the American heritage rivers initiative;
Clayton amendment that makes available loans for a demonstration program in North Carolina to evaluate the use of modular housing for those who have lost housing because of a major disaster;
Stupak amendment No. 21 printed in the Congressional Record that increases funding for senior citizen meal providers, including meals on wheels programs, by $20 million and decreases Public Law 480, Food for Peace, programs by $30 million;
Reyes amendment No. 62 printed in the Congressional Record that strikes language that would prohibit funding to carry out a Colonias initiative without the prior approval of the Committee on Appropriations; and
Kaptur amendment that allows the United States Agency for International Development to employ contractors for administrative expenses and delivery of Public Law 480, Food for Peace commodities.
Rejected:
Metcalf amendment that sought to increase FDA funding by $40,000 to validate the Tulane University Medical School diagnostic test on the Gulf War Syndrome and decrease USDA Departmental Administration funding accordingly;
Page H5534
Ney amendment No. 18 printed in the Congressional Record that sought to increase funding for North Appalachian Experimental Watershed Research Station risk assessments by $100,000 and decrease USDA administration, communications, and inspector general funding accordingly (rejected by a yea and nay vote of 94 yeas to 326 nays, Roll No. 359);
Hefley amendment No. 1 printed in the Congressional Record that sought to eliminate the $200,000 funding for the asparagus competitiveness grant and harvester (rejected by a recorded vote of 132 ayes to 287 noes, Roll No. 360);
Sanford amendment No. 49 printed in the Congressional Record that sought to decrease special grants for agricultural research funding by $14.4 million; and
Hefley amendment No. 2 printed in the Congressional Record that sought to eliminate the $2 million funding for the Agra-Tourism program (rejected by a recorded vote of 94 ayes to 319 noes, Roll No. 361).
Point of Order sustained:
Tierney amendment No. 22 printed in the Congressional Record that sought to make available D695$500,000 for a study by the National Academy of Science on genetically engineered products;
Page: D695
Kaptur amendment No. 14 printed in the Congressional Record that sought to increase Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service funding by $53.1 million for emergency eradication of pest and plant infestations;
Miller of Florida amendment No. 43 printed in the Congressional Record that sought to prohibit the Commodity Credit Corporation from spending more than $54 million for purchases of raw or refined sugar from sugarcane or sugar beets;
Kucinich amendment No. 42 printed in the Congressional Record was offered and withdrawn that sought to make available $500,000 to the Food and Drug Administration for the purpose of drafting guidance for industry on how to assess genetically engineered food products for allergenicity until a predictive testing methodology is developed;
Agreed to H. Res. 538, the rule that is providing for consideration of the bill on June 28.
Military Construction and Supplemental Appropriations Conference Report: The House agreed to the conference report on H.R. 4425, making appropriations for military construction, family housing, and base realignment and closure for the Department of Defense for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2001 by a yea and nay vote of 306 yeas to 110 nays, Roll No. 362.
Pages H5599-H5616
Earlier agreed by unanimous consent to consider the conference report; that all points of order against the conference report and against its consideration be waived; that it be considered as read; and that H. Res. 540, waiving a requirement of clause 6(a) of rule XIII with respect to consideration of certain resolutions reported from the Committee on Rules be laid on the table.
Suspension--Supplemental Medicare Funding: The House agreed to suspend the rules and pass H. Res. 535, sense of the House concerning the use of additional projected surplus funds to supplement Medicare funding, previously reduced under the Balanced Budget Act of 1997 by a yea and nay vote of 404 yeas to 8 nays, Roll No. 363. The House debated the resolution on June 28.
Quality Health-Care Coalition Act: The House passed H.R. 1304, to ensure and foster continued patient safety and quality of care by making the antitrust laws apply to negotiations between groups of health care professionals and health plan and health plans and health insurance issuers in the same manner as such laws apply to collective bargaining by labor organizations under the National Labor Relations Act by a recorded vote of 276 ayes to 136 noes with 2 voting ``present'', Roll No. 372.
Agreed to the Committee on the Judiciary amendment in the nature of a substitute made in order by the rule, as amended;
Coburn amendment No. 5 printed in H. Rept. 106-709 that exempts discussions on requiring abortion coverage from collective bargaining negotiations (agreed to by a recorded vote of 213 ayes to 202 noes with 1 voting ``present'', Roll No. 371); and
Davis of Illinois amendment No. 6 printed in H. Rept. 106-709 that expresses the sense of Congress that decisions regarding medical care and treatment should be made by the physician or health care professional in consultation with the patient.
Ballenger amendment No. 1 printed in H. Rept. 106-709 that sought to provide that the antitrust exemption shall not apply to various conditions including negotiations over fees, payments, or reimbursement and negotiations to permit health care professionals to balance bill patients (rejected by a recorded vote of 71 ayes to 345 noes, Roll No. 367);
Stearns amendment No. 2 printed in H. Rept. 106-709 that sought to exempt groups of health care professionals engaged in negotiations with health plans from antitrust laws if the FTC or Department of Justice has certified that such negotiations would promote competition and enhance the quality of patient care (rejected by a recorded vote of 94 ayes to 320 noes, Roll No. 368;
Cox amendment No. 3 printed in H. Rept. 106-709 that sought to provide that a physician may not be forced to join a union as a condition of employment by a health plan (rejected by a recorded vote of 201 ayes to 214 noes, Roll No. 369); and
Terry amendment No. 4 printed in H. Rept. 106-709 that sought to provide that the antitrust exemption shall not apply to negotiations over fees (rejected by a recorded vote of 78 ayes to 338 noes, Roll No. 370).
Agreed to H. Res. 542, the rule that is providing for consideration of the bill by a yea and nay vote of 225 yeas to 197 nays, Roll No. 365. Earlier, agreed to order the previous question by a yea and nay vote of 241 yeas to 174 nays with 3 voting ``present'', Roll No. 364.
Pages H5617-26D696
Fourth of July District Work Period: House agreed to S. Con. Res. 125, providing for a conditional adjournment or recess of the Senate and a conditional adjournment of the House of Representatives. Earlier, agreed to H. Res. 541, the rule that provided for consideration of a concurrent resolution providing for adjournment of the House and Senate for the Independence Day district work period by voice vote. Pursuant to the rule, H. Res. 469 and H. Res. 482 were laid on the table.
Speaker Pro Tempore: Read a letter from the Speaker wherein he designated Representative Morella to act as Speaker pro tempore to sign enrolled bills and joint resolutions through July 10.
Calendar Wednesday: Agreed that business in order under the Calendar Wednesday rule be dispensed with on Wednesday, July 12, 2000.
Resignations--Appointments: Agreed that notwithstanding any adjournment of the House until Monday, July 10, 2000, the Speaker, Majority Leader and Minority Leader be authorized to accept resignations and to make appointments authorized by law or by the House.
Abraham Lincoln Bicentennial Commission: The Chair announced the Speaker’s appointment of Representative LaHood, Ms. Joan Flinspach of Indiana, and Mr. James R. Thompson of Illinois to the Abraham Lincoln Bicentennial Commission. Subsequently, read a letter from the Minority Leader wherein he announced his appointment of Mr. David Phelps of Illinois and Ms. Louise Taper of California to the same commission.
Motion to Adjourn: Rejected the LaHood motion to adjourn by a recorded vote of 135 ayes to 279 noes, Roll No. 366.
Senate Messages: Messages received from the Senate today appear on pages H5439 and H5552.
Referrals: S. 2719 was referred to the Committee on Resources.
Amendments: Amendments ordered printed pursuant to the rule appear on pages H5657-58.
Quorum Calls--Votes: Three yea and nay votes and eleven recorded votes developed during the proceedings of the House today and appear on pages H5596-97, H5597, H5598, H5616, H5616-17, H5625-26, H5626, H5626-27, H5648-49, H5649, H5649-50, H5650-51, H5651, and H5651-52. There were no quorum calls.
Adjournment: The House met at 10 a.m. and pursuant to S. Con. Res. 125, the House adjourned at 2:06 a.m. on Friday June 30 , until 12:30 p.m. on Monday, July 10, for morning-hour debate.
Bills Introduced: 27 public bills, H.R. 4782-4808; 1 private bill, H.R. 4809; and 4 resolutions, H. Con. Res. 366-368, and H. Res. 543, were… read more
Bills Introduced: 27 public bills, H.R. 4782-4808; 1 private bill, H.R. 4809; and 4 resolutions, H. Con. Res. 366-368, and H. Res. 543, were introduced.
Adjournment: The House met at 10 a.m. and pursuant to S. Con. Res. 125, the House adjourned at 2:06 a.m. on Friday June 30 , until 12:30 p.m. on Monday, July 10, for morning-hour debate. close
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S.CON.RES. 125
Neil Abercrombie U.S. Representative [D] Hawaii
Robert Andrews U.S. Representative [D] New Jersey
Dick Armey U.S. Representative [R] Texas
Cass Ballenger U.S. Representative [R] North Carolina
Bob Barr U.S. Representative [R] Georgia
Roscoe Bartlett U.S. Representative [R] Maryland
Robert Berry U.S. Representative [D] Arkansas
Rod Blagojevich U.S. Representative [D] Illinois
Sherwood L. Boehlert U.S. Representative [R] New York
John A. Boehner U.S. Representative [R] Ohio
David E. Bonior U.S. Representative [D] Michigan
Leonard L. Boswell U.S. Representative [D] Iowa
Ken Calvert U.S. Representative [R] California
Tom Campbell U.S. Representative [R] California
Steve Chabot U.S. Representative [R] Ohio
Saxby Chambliss U.S. Representative [R] Georgia
Eva M Clayton U.S. Representative [D] North Carolina
Christopher Cox U.S. Representative [R] California
Danny Davis U.S. Representative [D] Illinois
Tom Davis III U.S. Representative [R] Virginia
Rosa DeLauro U.S. Representative [D] Connecticut
John D. Dingell Jr. U.S. Representative [D] Michigan
David Dreier U.S. Representative [R] California
Thomas Ewing U.S. Representative [R] Illinois
Mark Foley U.S. Representative [R] Florida
Barney Frank U.S. Representative [D] Massachusetts
Greg Ganske U.S. Representative [R] Iowa
Jim Gibbons U.S. Representative [R] Nevada
Porter J. Goss U.S. Representative [R] Florida
Mark Green U.S. Representative [R] Wisconsin
Jim Greenwood U.S. Representative [R] Pennsylvania
Doc Hastings U.S. Representative [R] Washington
Robin Hayes U.S. Representative [R] North Carolina
Joel Hefley U.S. Representative [R] Colorado
Maurice Hinchey U.S. Representative [D] New York
Joseph M. Hoeffel III U.S. Representative [D] Pennsylvania
Henry J. Hyde U.S. Representative [R] Illinois
Paul E. Kanjorski U.S. Representative [D] Pennsylvania
Sue Kelly U.S. Representative [R] New York
Ron Kind U.S. Representative [D] Wisconsin
Nick Lampson U.S. Representative [D] Texas
Steve Largent U.S. Representative [R] Oklahoma
Nita Lowey U.S. Representative [D] New York
Jack Metcalf U.S. Representative [R] Washington
Dan Miller U.S. Representative [R] Florida
Patsy Mink U.S. Representative [D] Hawaii
Sue Myrick U.S. Representative [R] North Carolina
Jerrold Nadler U.S. Representative [D] New York
Richard Neal U.S. Representative [D] Massachusetts
George R Nethercutt Jr. U.S. Representative [R] Washington
Bob Ney U.S. Representative [R] Ohio
Charlie Norwood U.S. Representative [R] Georgia
James L. Oberstar U.S. Representative [D] Minnesota
Doug Ose U.S. Representative [R] California
Collin Peterson U.S. Representative [D] Minnesota
Earl Pomeroy U.S. Representative [D] North Dakota
Tom Reynolds U.S. Representative [R] New York
Dana Rohrabacher U.S. Representative [R] California
Bernie Sanders U.S. Representative [I] Vermont
Bob Schaffer U.S. Representative [R] Colorado
John Shadegg U.S. Representative [R] Arizona
Ronnie Shows U.S. Representative [D] Mississippi
Joseph Skeen U.S. Representative [R] New Mexico
Chris Smith U.S. Representative [R] New Jersey
Cliff Stearns U.S. Representative [R] Florida
John E. Sununu U.S. Representative [R] New Hampshire
Bill Thomas U.S. Representative [R] California
John Tierney U.S. Representative [D] Massachusetts
James A. Traficant Jr. U.S. Representative [D] Ohio
Stephanie Tubbs-Jones U.S. Representative [D] Ohio
James Turner U.S. Representative [D] Texas
James T. Walsh U.S. Representative [R] New York
David Weldon U.S. Representative [R] Florida
Bill Young U.S. Representative [R] Florida
Jun 29, 2000 | 10:02am EDT | C-SPAN 1
Bills Introduced: 12 public bills, H.R. 4717-4728; and 2 resolutions, H. Con. Res. 361-362, were introduced. Page H5036…
Bills Introduced: 13 public bills, H.R. 4704-4716; and 3 resolutions, H. Con. Res. 358-360, were introduced. Pages H4816-17…
Bills Introduced: 20 public bills, H.R. 4245-4264; and 6 resolutions, H.J. Res. 98, H. Con. Res. 303-306, and H. Res.…
The House is scheduled to take up H.R. 3908, the 2000 Emergency Supplemental Appropriations Act, and is expected to be in…
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User Clip: Animal Testing 1
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Raid at FRA Shake up German Cargo Industry
Wednesday early morning: 1,200 members of a Special Squad named “Cumulus” conducted a major raid at dawn at Frankfurt Airport and several other German airports on the suspicion of organized crime and illegal employment. Six men, ages 26 to 54, were arrested by customs and police officials, three Turkish and three German nationals. They are accused of forming a criminal organization for their own personal gain through illegal practices both in cargo and baggage handling.
It was one of the largest crackdowns ever seen at Rhine-Main
The raid was preceded by a thorough 5 year criminal investigation through customs and police specialists on suspicion of tax evasion, illegal employment and moonlighting at various German airports. Obviously, the proof for such illegal practices was so substantial that the squad decided to take immediate action to ensure that evidence is protected and arrest the suspected perpetrators on the spot. They allegedly issued faked bills, founding and closing permanently dummy companies and used illegal labor for cargo and baggage handling activities without paying any government required social contributions.
Prior to the raid, the security forces of airport operator Fraport AG had been informed in order to avoid any disturbance of air transport.
Luxury cars of the arrested managers were confiscated
A lot of criminal energy
According to speaker Heinz Michael Horst of the “Cumulus” special commission the gang has evaded taxes in the amount of more than 17 million euros. Besides the six arrested, 23 other defendants are accused of having participated in forming a criminal organization.
The private homes of two of the suspects were stormed by police forces and 230,000 euros in cash confiscated hidden in a garage in Frankfurt’s neighboring community of Ruesselsheim.
230,000 euros were detected in this garage
Two handling firms and a staffing company seem to be among the suspects
Asked about the companies that were targeted and raided yesterday morning, a speaker of the prosecutor’s office denied any information. According to unconfirmed reports the criminal investigation is concentrating on two cargo handling companies both located in Frankfurt’s Cargo City South – Turkish Celebi and Cargoworker, a Russian-German ground handler. Local observers confirmed to CargoForwarder Global that the offices of both handlers have been raided by police forces, confiscating many documents and data that was subsequently submitted to the prosecutor in charge of this case.
Heinz Michael Horst
The third accused seems to be the Frankfurt-based staffing company named “Rent-The-Best”, recruiting cheap labor and posting the individuals to handling agents without paying for their social security or statuary pension insurance. As previously said, these are assumptions not yet confirmed by official administrative bodies.
Next, the prosecuting authorities will evaluate the seized documents and files, which will take some time. So it can be expected that the trial will not start before the beginning of 2016.
Heiner Siegmund / Michael Taweel
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in BIRTHING
Cat birth – when to wait and when to worry
While many authors believe that problems in parturition (birth) are rare in the cat, others feel that with the progression of selective breeding these problems are becoming more common.
The effect of this has been shown in a survey of over 700 breeding cats, which found that cats with extremes of conformation, such as Siamese and Persians, experienced much higher levels of dystocia (difficult births), 10 per cent and 7.1 per cent of births being affected respectively, compared to only 2.3 per cent of births being affected in cats with normal conformation. It is therefore very important that breeders are aware of the details of normal parturition, so that they can recognise a problem when it arises.
In pregnancy, the foetuses are spaced along each horn of the uterus. Each foetus is contained within its own membranes and has its own placenta through which it derives nourishment. The uterus may be considered as a muscular, sausage-shaped bag, capable of contracting both around its diameter and along its length. To help in its passage, each foetus is contained within a fairly tough double-layered bag of foetal membranes, which are filled with slippery fluid in which the foetus floats. This serves as both protection and lubrication, and provides a distending, stretching and dilating force when the uterus relaxes in front of it and contracts behind it during the course of parturition.
Late pregnancy and premonitory signs of parturition
In the cat pregnancy generally lasts for 63 to 65 days; however, it is not unusual for some cats to carry a normal litter for either a shorter or longer time (range 58 to 70 days).
The cat’s behaviour alters little until the final week of the pregnancy. During that final week the search for the most suitable kittening bed becomes the dominant factor. Cats should be confined from this time to allow for observation of labour.
Generally, two types of temperament are seen in cats at kittening: the independent type which will go to extreme lengths to discover a dark enclosed space well away from human contact, and the dependent type which will go to equal lengths to seek comfort in the presence of its owner and may well choose the owner’s bed as the best place for kittening.
The stages of parturition
Parturition is generally described in its classical three stages, although in the cat the second and third stages are repeated with each kitten and the third stage is brief and nearly continuous with the second.
Alexandria pants as she pushes down to expel her second kitten
The second kitten is born tail first
Cleans her second kitten as the third is born
Eats the placenta of her third-born kitten
Cleans the membranes from her fourth kitten as it waits for its placenta to come away
Five of her kittens are born
Smells her last-born kitten as it waits for the placenta to come away and takes its first gasping breath
Alexandria suckles her new litter of kittens
The first stage
This is essentially the stage of relaxation of the cervix and vagina and the start of intermittent contraction of the uterus. Uterine contractions must always be interrupted by periods of relaxation, otherwise the foetal blood supply would be cut off. The pelvic muscles slacken and the perineum (the area between the anus and vulva) becomes looser and longer. Uterine contractions are not yet observable as straining, although movement of the foetuses may be felt through the abdominal wall. There is little else to see at this stage except repeated visits to the prospective kittening bed, and in the dependent type cat, an apparent desire for reassurance from the owner. Some scratching up and bed-making occurs, and panting may be seen as a late first stage feature. Vaginal discharge is rarely seen and is usually licked away promptly by the cat. In the primagravida, or cat kittening for the first time, the first stage can be very prolonged, even lasting up to 36 hours without being abnormal.
The second and third stages
After the relaxation of the first stage, the uterine contractions become stronger and more frequent and drive the first foetus, contained within its membranes, towards and into the pelvic opening. As the first foetus enters the pelvis, the outer layer of the foetal membranes appears briefly at the vulva as the ’water bag’, which bursts and sheds some fluid which is usually cleared up by the cat. The inner layer passes into the pelvis and retains some of the fluid which acts as a continuing lubricant to assist the passage of the foetus.
Fluid pressure plays a very important part in birth. It is this which causes dilation of the already relaxed cervix and vaginal passage. As the fluid-filled membranes press onwards towards the vulva, they are followed by the wedge-shaped head of the foetus, which, by the time the water bag is at the vulva, is just beginning to fit into the pelvic entrance in an already rotated position. During its development the foetus has been lying on its back within the membranes, whereas at birth the kitten usually emerges the right way up.
It seems that the foetus itself plays a part in this rotation, which is a simple swing on its long axis together with an extension of its head, neck and limbs. If the foetus dies before the moment of engaging the pelvis it remains unrotated. In the normal case, as the foetal head comes fully into the pelvis, its pressure causes the commencement of voluntary straining using the abdominal muscles. This ’bearing down’ helps to transit the foetus through the pelvis. This is usually the point at which the attendant can see that the cat is actually straining. Normally, delivery of a kitten from the commencement of the second stage may take from 5 to 30 minutes. Once the head is out of the vulva, one or two more strains should complete the passage of the narrower remainder of the kitten’s body.
Third stage follows immediately and is seen simply as the passage of the membranes, complete with the dark flesh coloured mass of separated placenta, as the ’after-birth’. It is also the stage of involution, where the segment of the uterus from which the kitten came contracts back into shape and shortens.
Normally, each set of membranes is passed immediately after each kitten. However, sometimes a second kitten will follow so quickly from the opposite uterine horn that the membranes from the first will be trapped temporarily and the two sets will be passed together.
As each kitten is born the cat will tear open the membranes and clear the mouth and nose area of the kitten, biting off the umbilical cord and subsequently eating the after-birth. Second and third stages of labour are repeated as each kitten is born. Intervals between kittens are variable, from as little as 10 minutes to up to an hour in the average case. Delivery times vary, with short haired cats generally taking less time than longhaired cats, especially Persians. While cats usually have an average of four kittens in each litter, this can range from one to 12 kittens. Larger litters are seen more frequently in Oriental, Siamese and Burmese breeds.
Interrupted labour
So-called interrupted labour is common enough in the cat to be considered a normal occurrence. In this case, when one or more kittens have been born, the mother will cease straining and rest quite happily, suckling those kittens already born. She will accept food and drink and is in every way completely normal except that it is obvious from her size and shape, and the presence of foetal movement, that there are still kittens waiting to be born. Some rather dependent cats will deliberately delay or interrupt labour if the owner has to go out. This resting stage may last up to 24 or even 36 hours, after which straining recommences and the remainder of the litter is born quite normally and easily.
Abnormalities of labour – dystocia
Dystocia (difficult birth) can be classified as either maternal or foetal in origin, depending on whether it is caused by problems with the queen or kittens. Dystocia can also be classified according to whether it arises from obstruction of the birth canal or a functional deficiency of the uterine muscle.
Obstructive dystocia is caused by disproportion between the size of the kittens and the maternal birth canal. Factors resulting in an inadequate size of the maternal birth canal may include disorders of the maternal skeleton (healed pelvic fractures), the pelvic soft tissues (severe constipation), or the uterus itself (uterine torsion or rupture). Foetal causes of obstructive dystocia may result from malpresentation, severe foetal malformation (eg, hydrocephalus, Siamese-twins), foetal oversize or foetal death.
Functional dystocia is usually termed inertia, and can be either primary or secondary. Primary inertia is by far the most common cause of dystocia in cats. It is seen when the uterus produces none, or only weak, infrequent contractions and there is a failure of expulsion of normal kittens though a normal birth canal. Primary inertia may be related to stress, old age, obesity, ill health or the administration of certain drugs. It has been suggested that very small or very large litters may result respectively in inadequate or excessive uterine distension, and that this may result in primary inertia. However, recent work found no difference between the litter size of cats with dystocia due to primary inertia and the litter size of cats with dystocia for other reasons. Primary inertia due to stress, also termed ’hysterical inertia’, is not uncommon, and is seen particularly in the Oriental, Siamese and Burmese breeds. In this condition extreme apprehension during the first stage causes all progress to cease. The affected cat is markedly and vocally distressed, crying constantly and demanding attention. She may be positively hysterical, and in such cases immediate relief may be obtained by the use of tranquillisers. In an emergency this would be administered by a veterinary surgeon by injection, but if the cat in question is known to behave in this fashion, the breeder may be equipped with tablets which can be given by mouth at the start and will be equally effective.
Abnormalities of the first stage
Abnormalities of the first stage can include all forms of primary inertia, and occasional rare disorders, such as torsion or rupture of the uterus. These latter two conditions can result in major emergencies in late pregnancy or first stage labour. Torsion implies a twisting of the uterus, cutting off its blood supply, and making delivery of the contained foetus or foetuses impossible. It also causes what is quite obviously an acute emergency with a very ill and shocked cat. Torsion is usually presumed to have occurred during jumping or some violent movement which imparts a swinging motion to the heavily gravid uterus. Rupture is more usually the result of an accidental blow from a vehicle or other violent trauma, or can occur from violent straining upon a complete obstruction. A rupture occurring at the time of parturition will give rise to the same signs of acute emergency as a torsion. It has been known for rupture to occur early in pregnancy and for the foetus(es) to continue to develop outside the uterus in the maternal abdominal cavity. In these cases the placenta becomes attached to one of the abdominal organs but it is unusual for such foetuses to develop to full term and, of course, impossible for them to be born without an abdominal operation.
Abnormalities of the second stage
Secondary inertia arises after prolonged second-stage labour, and may be associated with obstructive dystocia, muscle fatigue, or excessive pain. Obstructive dystocia may occur for many reasons; but probably the most common causes are maternal pelvic malformation following a pelvic fracture, and foetal malpresentation/malposition/malposture. Interrupted labour, as already described, is definitely not an inertia, as the cat is manifestly normal, labour recommences normally, and kittens are born alive and normal. An important point of difference between the two is that secondary inertia follows previous difficulty or delay and the cat is often restless and exhausted.
Foetal malpresentations, malpositions and malpostures may all lead to dystocia. Presentation indicates which way round the foetus is coming (ie, head or tail first), position indicates which way up it is (ie, rotated or unrotated) and posture indicates the placing of the head and limbs (ie, extended or flexed). Some people believe that foetal malpresentation in cats rarely causes dystocia, except when combined with other problems such as poor cervical relaxation or relative foetal oversize. However, others have found foetal malpresentation to be the most common cause of dystocia of foetal origin, while relative foetal oversize was very rare.
Malpresentation
Posteriorly presented, or tail-first, kittens occur quite frequently, so much so that this could almost be considered a normal presentation, often causing no delay in birth. If, however, the first kitten comes tail-first there may well be delay owing to the absence of the wedge-shaped head pushing behind the fluid-filled membranes. The kitten is usually passed eventually. However, it does have an increased risk of drowning in its own foetal fluids if the time from placental separation to when its nose is free from its membranes is too prolonged.
Malposition
Malposition usually occurs when a kitten has died in utero prior to rotation. It is uncommon except in cases of illness, infection or prolonged delay in a late-coming foetus. The presence of a dead foetus within the maternal pelvic canal can, in itself, result in functional or obstructive dystocia.
Malposture
Malposture is of most importance in relation to the position of the head. Brachycephalic cats may have difficulty at the point where the foetal head first engages the opening of the maternal pelvis. The lack of a wedge-shaped muzzle increases the risk of the head becoming deflected to one side, downwards between the forelegs, or onto the chest. Occasionally, one or both forelegs may lie back along the body, and in posterior or tail-first presentation one or both hind legs may be retained forwards alongside the body to give the breech posture. All of these situations may give rise to either a temporary delay and necessitate extra efforts by the cat or, at worst, result in complete obstruction.
Inhibitory behaviour
A late manifestation of inhibitory hysterical behaviour may cause delay when the kitten is already through the maternal pelvis and protruding through the vulva. This may cause some pain, so at this point the cat appears to give up trying and waits for, or demands, help. If this is not immediately forthcoming, the particular kitten involved may die, especially if it is coming tail first.
The above was a rather daunting, but by no means exhaustive, list of what can, but rarely does, go wrong. Breeders or owners may want to know what can be done to recognise trouble early and how it can be avoided or overcome.
It cannot be too firmly stressed that a normal cat needs no intervention. The good midwife is essentially a good and unobtrusive observer until trouble occurs. Midwives should have provided, as far as possible, the ideal kittening bed which should be warm, comfortable and safe, but should also be observable, ie, a happy medium between confinement and relative freedom within the confined area. During the first stage of labour they may need to provide either moral support or remain unobtrusive as dictated by events. They should have at their fingertips a history of any previous births by the cat in question and, if possible, information relating to earlier generations and related animals. They should have observed the changes during pregnancy and be aware of the degree of abdominal distension, amount of fluid, and perhaps have a rough idea of the number of kittens to be expected. They should have been looking for behavioural changes in the queen, such as nest-making or visits to such desirable spots as in the owner’s bed or in the airing cupboard. Facilities for help or examination should be at hand if needed (convenient table, access to running warm water, soap and towel). Internal examination is resented by most unsedated cats and should not be undertaken by the unskilled. If problems are anticipated the veterinary surgeon should have been alerted and given the probable parturition date before the event and informed of the start of labour so that if a call for help becomes necessary it is expected and can be promptly answered.
Apart from the value of observations and knowledge of the behaviour of the cat, breeders can, and in some cases must, be responsible for the treatment of some parturition problems. The secret, if there is one, of the recognition of trouble lies mainly in the recognition of delay. The hysterical dependent cat is obvious enough and easy enough to deal with, provided the necessary tranquilliser is at hand. Identification of delays later in the course of kittening will again involve observation of behaviour. In the case of the normal interrupted labour it will be evident that the cat is in no distress, has a normal appetite and is perfectly happy with the kittens already born. Straining in the course of a normal parturition, while it may or may not be vigorous, is clearly productive in moving the kitten along and does not appear to give rise to pain. Obstruction, on the other hand, shows as a cat that strains without producing any results, may pant, cry, or appear exhausted, is restless and unsettled, and finally desists in an attempt to recover sufficient strength for a further, although decreased effort. This is the cat that requires help.
Feeling from the outside around the perineal area under the tail will indicate if a kitten is already through the pelvis, and a view of nose or feet and tail at the vulva indicates that birth must be imminent if the kitten is to live. If no progress is being made and the kitten is clearly visible, it is up to the breeder to give immediate help since, unless the veterinary surgeon literally lives on the premises, veterinary help may not arrive in time for that particular kitten. If nothing can be felt at the vulva and the hold-up is evidently further forward, then it is time to send for professional help.
Diagnosis and treatment of the serious dystocia must be in the hands of the veterinary surgeon. Because of the small size of the cat, manipulative correction of malpostures from within the vagina is rarely possible and is in any case a job for skilled hands. To compensate for this, manipulation from outside the abdomen can often correct a malposture such as a laterally deflected head; again professional skill is needed. Often, in any real hold-up, a Caesarian operation is the preferred method and provided that the cat is neither desperately ill nor very exhausted, it is a safe and routine procedure. Present-day methods of anaesthesia are much less likely to depress respiration in the kitten than was once the case, and even in major crises the cat’s ability to survive an acute abdominal emergency is exceedingly good and surgery is always worthwhile.
The case where the breeder has to help is that of the cat who gives up trying with a kitten hanging visibly from her vulva. If it is coming head first, the first urgency is to clear the membranes away from its nose and mouth to allow breathing to take place. The kitten must then be eased gently out, alternating the direction of traction, first freeing one side then the other, and always directing the pull slightly downwards. Since kittens are slippery and wet at birth, clean pieces of towelling or soft paper towels may help to get a grip. If the kitten has only the tail and hind-legs showing, delivery is even more urgent and the problem of holding the slippery subject more difficult, but the same principle applies. Hold the hind-legs above the hocks, ease gently to alternate sides, and if progress is not made with the aid of a strain or two on the cat’s part, try gentle rotation through a few degrees before continuing the easing-out process alternating the direction of pull. Pull and traction are probably misleading words to use here to convey the sensitivity required to co-operate with the cat as she strains and rests momentarily in between, so that progress continues without fear of injury to cat or kitten. Make haste slowly. Immediately the kitten is out clear the mouth and nose of all membranes and fluid.
Methods of kitten revival
The normal mother cat will generally make a much better job of cleaning and drying her kittens than any human, so do not interfere unless necessary. If, however, a kitten has had to be helped out and is not breathing, or on those few occasions when the maternal instinct appears to be lacking and the kitten is ignored, reviving it becomes a matter of urgency. Observation of the cat’s own methods show the order in which to imitate them to the best advantage. The cat’s first act is to see that the kitten’s nose and mouth are clear. Next with a nipping/licking action the cat picks up, then chews through, the umbilical cord and in the process provides a stimulation to the abdominal navel area, getting respiration going. If this is not sufficient, a vigorous licking massage of this area follows. Finally a more general drying lick and some attention to the posterior part of the abdomen and anal area is given to start the bowel and bladder movement going. Then, if it is needed, a nudge towards the maternal nipples. The human imitation can follow much the same plan with additions in real emergency.
• Tear the membranes from the nose, wipe the nose and open the mouth, tilt the kitten head down and clear away any fluid.
• If the cord has not broken on delivery, tear it a good inch from the kitten and remove the membranes. Complicated cutting and tying of the cord are not necessary. The cat would chew it through, providing a blunt crushing action to prevent bleeding; tearing it between the first two fingers and thumb does much the same thing. The kitten should be supported and the cord held at the kitten end so that the risk of pulling on the kitten is minimised.
• If the kitten is not breathing and obviously vigorous, or if it has come tail first and possibly inhaled fluid, it is necessary to clear debris and fluid from the air passages. If gentle suction equipment is available this can be done by sucking debris out of the airway. This can also be achieved using a Jackson cat urinary catheter attached to a 5-10ml syringe. This can also be used to induced the kitten to sneeze and cough by stimulating its nose/throat. One of the traditionally used methods involves swinging the kitten. To do this, place the kitten in the palm of the hand, its back towards the palm and neck between forefinger and third finger, its head protruding between the fingers. Enclose the kitten in the fingers and, turning the hand palm downwards with the arm extended, give a very gentle swing; make quite sure first that you are not too near the table or other protruding edge or disaster will follow. The swing will have the effect of forcing fluids out of the air passages and a further wipe of nose and mouth will clear it away. The swing will also serve to stimulate respiration. Take care; if performed too vigorously this method can result in brain haemorrhage.
• The next move imitates the licking of the abdominal wall and stimulates respiration. It comprises a stroking, rubbing movement with a clean towel. Assuming that the kitten is by now showing regular breathing, this can be followed by a brisk general rub dry. If the kitten is not is not breathing, some form of artificial respiration may be necessary. Mouth-to-mouth respiration can be useful, but only if very carefully carried out. There are several essential points to remember. It is no use blowing fluids and debris further down; these must be cleared away first (see above). Secondly, the capacity of kitten lungs compared to the human is minute. Blow very gently and allow a pause for expiration. Repeat this cycle every three to five seconds. Breathing into the kitten’s airway through a small endotracheal tube or drinking straw may help to reduce the risk of over-inflating the kitten’s lungs, and be more hygienic than direct mouth-to-mouth. Various other methods have been used to make the new-born animal gasp. Among these may by listed brandy or other spirits transferred via a fingertip to the tongue, flicking the chest sharply but gently with a fingertip, and alternate hot and cold water applications.
While some of these techniques may work, a more reliable treatment is the application of a drop of doxapram to the underside of the kitten’s tongue. If in doubt persist with stimulating the kitten; some can still be revived over 30 mins from birth. That said, the longer the duration before breathing, the higher the risk of hypoxia causing brain damage or blindness.
Warmth is a primary essential for the newborn. The kitten cannot react to cold by shivering and cannot control its own body temperature. Normally, warmth would be obtained by direct body contact with the mother and conserved by the maternal choice of an enclosed kittening bed. The first point to remember if help is required is that a newborn wet kitten loses heat very rapidly, hence the brisk rub dry. Follow this, if the mother is ill or not co-operative, by contact with a warm, well-covered hot water bottle and conserve heat with a covering blanket. Great care must be taken not to inflict contact burns by having the bottle too hot. An acceptable alternative is the infra-red lamp widely used for pigs and puppies and readily obtainable. Its disadvantages are that many cats dislike the open bed required for its use, and that it may make both mother and kittens too hot and lessen the close normal nursing contact between cat and kittens.
The significance of congenital defects
Congenital defects that are obvious at the time of birth, and may be involved in dystocia, include:
Severe hydrocephalus with marked skull enlargement
Anasarca or generalised oedema (waterlogging of the tissues)
Spina bifida or incomplete development of the dorsal body wall
Hernia or incomplete development of the ventral body wall
Gross deformity or absence of limbs
Many serious inherited abnormalities are not obvious at birth and abnormalities of eyes, hearing and heart fall into this category. Suspected abnormalities of joints and limbs should be viewed with caution unless utterly self-evident such as severe shortening of a limb. Joints at birth are very incomplete structures and most apparent ’double-jointedness’ or rotation of limbs right themselves by the time the kitten is really becoming mobile. The most difficult decision usually concerns the kitten persistently rejected by its mother, despite its apparent normality. The choice in this case lies between hand rearing, fostering or destruction, and in this connection it should be remembered that the completely hand-reared kitten will be at a disadvantage in its behavioural responses to its own species. The decision can only be made by the breeder after full consideration of the circumstances. An additional consideration is that the rejected kitten may well be a defective kitten (’mother may know best’) in which case hand rearing will not be successful.
Post-kittening or puerperal complications
Retention of foetal membranes
Occasionally a cat may fail to pass the final set of foetal membranes after parturition appears to be complete. She will probably show some signs of restlessness and of abdominal discomfort and may be unwilling to settle with her kittens during the 24-72 hours after parturition. Her appetite will probably be poor and a brownish vaginal discharge may be seen. Examination will show a raised temperature and palpation through the abdominal wall will disclose a thickened lumpy area of womb containing the membranes. Broad-spectrum antibiotic cover is necessary and prostaglandin F2-alpha may help to induce expulsion of the retained membranes. If this fails, an emergency ovariohysterectomy (spay) may be required.
Metritis
Metritis (inflammation of the uterus) occurs occasionally, usually within three days of parturition. The cat is much more obviously ill than with simple retention of foetal membranes. She will be dull and lethargic, ignore her kittens, refuse food, become polydipsic, and may vomit. A purulent, foul-smelling vaginal discharge is present along with fever. Abdominal palpation may cause the queen pain and the uterus usually feels thickened. Antibiotics should ideally be chosen according to culture and sensitivity. However, first line treatment usually consists of a broad-spectrum antibiotic, eg, amoxycillin-clavulanic acid, or a cephalosporin. If this fails, an emergency ovariohysterectomy (spay) may be required.
Uterine problems
Uterine prolapse describes the telescoping of the uterus which then protrudes from the vulva. It occurs rarely, where it is seen as an acute post-parturient emergency. The appearance of the invaginated uterus at the vulva is self-evident. Initially the cat is noticed to be straining and uncomfortable despite the completion of parturition. If treatment is delayed the cat will rapidly become dull, shocked and lethargic, in a similar manner to the animal with a uterine rupture. Uterine prolapse constitutes an emergency requiring immediate medical support and surgical intervention.
Mastitis (inflammation of the mammary glands), as an acute suppurative form, sometimes occurs during early lactation. It is usually confined to one gland and may follow a simple congestion or overstocking. The affected gland will be tense, hot, painful and enlarged. If it is only congested, the application of heat and subsequent gentle massage will bring normal milk out of the teat orifice, and the situation may be speedily relieved by milking the gland concerned. If an abscess is present, the cat will become anorexic, dull and feverish, and in addition to pain and swelling in the gland, a pointing, or purplish area of fluid pressure from the accumulation of pus will be seen. Antibiotics are essential. While, ideally, they should be chosen according to culture and sensitivity, first line treatment usually consists of a broad-spectrum antibiotic, eg, amoxycillin-clavulanic acid, or a cephalosporin.
Lactation tetany
Lactation tetany could, in theory, occur during, or at any time after, parturition. Early cases are well known in the bitch. However, in the cat, most cases have been recorded later in lactation, 17 days to eight weeks post-kittening being most typical. While the precise causes of the condition are not known, it involves a sudden drop in the amount of calcium circulating in the blood stream. It is undoubtedly connected with the demands of milk production and the affected cat usually has a fairly large litter to suckle. The first signs of the onset of the condition usually include uncoordination and tetanic muscular spasms with later collapse and coma. Treatment by the intravenous injection of calcium preparations leads to a spectacular reversal of the condition. A later subcutaneous injection may be required to maintain the recovery. Kittens should be removed from the cat if old enough, otherwise their numbers must be reduced or supplementary feeding given. Any affected cat should only be allowed to rear a small number of kittens at any subsequent litter. Lactation tetany often occurs after each kittening so this fact must be remembered when considering the advisability of breeding again and taking prophylactic measures, or alternatively of neutering.
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Ezra Levant's 'crazy town' newspaper column leads to law society hearing
The Law Society of Alberta has issued citations against lawyer and media personality Ezra Levant relating to remarks he made about the province's human rights commission.
Levant made the comments as a journalist and has a right to 'fair and free comment,' says his lawyer
Meghan Grant · CBC News · Posted: Jul 16, 2015 5:00 AM MT | Last Updated: July 16, 2015
Ezra Levant, a political commentator formerly of Sun News, is facing a Law Society of Alberta hearing for a newspaper column he wrote called Next Stop Crazy Town about the Alberta Human Rights Commission. (Pawel Dwulit/Canadian Press)
CBC News has obtained a copy of the citations which allege Levant's comments were "inappropriate and unbecoming" of a lawyer.
A conduct committee panel directed Levant be charged with "conduct deserving of sanction" after remarks made by Levant in regards to the Alberta Human Rights Commission.
Those comments stem from a March 2014 Sun News opinion column called Next stop, crazy town.
"But with human rights commissions, when you think you've hit rock bottom, you haven't," wrote Levant in his article. "The crazy keeps going down. You gotta get out your shovel and dig to get to the crazy that's underneath the crazy."
Complaint launched by lawyer Arman Chak
The complaint was launched by lawyer Arman Chak in March of last year, but was initially dismissed by a formal complaints reviewer without a hearing.
The reviewer emphasized the high threshold for misconduct, that Levant was acting as a journalist at the time of making the statements, and that in his view there was no reasonable prospect that a hearing panel would find Levant's conduct breached the code of conduct.
Chak appealed on Oct. 28. The panel granted Chak's appeal seven months later, paving the way for a hearing on the citations.
Chak and Levant have an unfriendly history dating back to 2008 when Levant posted a column online called Inside the HRCs: Who is Arman Chak?
According to the transcript of the appeal hearing, Levant's lawyer James Rooney said, "there is obviously quite a bit of malice between these gentlemen."
In his 2008 article, Levant questions Chak's impartiality when it comes to files he handled while working as a lawyer for the commission. He also called Chak a "Pakistani radical" and a "chauvinist."
"The appeal panel does not wish to be seen involving itself in the relationship between Mr. Levant and Mr. Chak," reads part of the decision. "The appeal panel is, however, quite disturbed by Mr. Levant's statements relating to the Alberta Human Rights Commission and his direct reference to the Alberta Human Rights Commission as 'crazy town.'
"In the appeal panel's view, this is a direct attack that is not professionally responsible and flies in the face of the commentary dictated above with respect to any criticism being temperate and well-reasoned."
Comments made as journalist, argues lawyer
Rooney argued his client made the comments as a journalist and had a right to "fair and free comment," and that he should be entitled to criticize because it is not in his capacity as a lawyer. He also emphasized that Levant's job as a journalist is "to comment on matters of public interest and that the law society should not moderate public debate."
The panel members disagreed.
"We are of the view that ... Mr. Levant is subject to regulation by the Law Society of Alberta," reads the decision.
According to the Law Society, a hearing to review the citations has not yet been scheduled. If he's found guilty, Levant could be reprimanded, fined, suspended or disbarred. At any point in the process the lawyer involved can apply to resign from profession rather than face public discipline.
The society says Levant's practising status with the society is inactive, meaning he's a member but is not insured and not entitled to practice law.
Chak was elected as a law society bencher in November 2014.
In another twist to the story, a lawsuit alleging wrongful dismissal was filed by Chak against the Alberta Human Rights Commission in January 2015 for his termination from the organization which happened on Nov. 3, 2014.
When contacted for comment, Levant's lawyer reiterated his stance that his client was acting in his role as a journalist, not a lawyer when criticizing the Human Rights Commission.
Sun News Network shuts down
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Mayor and city councillor keen to keep Edmonton's surprise beach on riverbank
An Edmonton city councillor wants a new riverbank beach that popped up in the Cloverdale area to become a permanent attraction.
‘We’ve heard loudly from the public, they love having it here,' mayor says
Emily Rendell-Watson · CBC News · Posted: Aug 24, 2017 7:00 AM MT | Last Updated: August 24, 2017
The new beach is on the south side of the North Saskatchewan River. (CBC)
The beach was formed after a berm was built along the south side of the North Saskatchewan River, so crews could work on the Tawatina LRT bridge.
"It was a drag that it's taking that long to build the bridge but this is a silver lining," said Ben Henderson. "It means we have a few years to figure out what we maybe can do to keep the beach. I think it's certainly worth exploring."
He said if the beach gets enough use, the city should consider putting in lifeguards to deal with safety concerns.
Henderson said he plans to ask fellow councillors about the beach next week. He hopes they'll talk about the next steps needed to explore the idea.
Swimming the North Saskatchewan? New water testing will help you take the plunge
'It's like Waikiki or Puerto Vallarta': Sandy beach surfaces along North Saskatchewan River
'Just like lobster': North Saskatchewan River crawling with crayfish
Mayor Don Iveson said while the area is "technically federal jurisdiction," he'd like to see what can be done to keep the beach after LRT construction wraps up.
"We've heard loudly from the public they love having it there,"he said. "And if there's a way we can keep it and comply with federal and provincial rules, I'm very open to that."
He said the city will need to do a technical analysis and research what federal and provincial regulations and permits would apply.
Iveson said he supports Henderson's plan to bring the idea to city council next week.
But time may be a factor.
Once the berms are removed, the natural flow of the river will wash away the beach, said Sue Heuman, spokesperson for Trans Ed Partners, the company contracted to build and operate the LRT line. The gravel bar that was there before the construction will remain, Heuman said in an email.
Some residents are hopeful the sandy beach will stick around.
"It's a little hidden treasure," said Emily Chance. "When we go to the outdoor pools we find the lineups are huge and packed. This is a nice place to actually enjoy the sun and get sand at the same time."
Valerie Conway agreed people need somewhere to go and cool off along the river. She visited the new beach for the first time on Tuesday.
"It takes a lot of driving to get to any beach otherwise," Conway said. "I hope they keep it. I hope (the city) finds their way around liability issues and we have a place to go hang out that feels like summer in the Prairies."
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Few crowds seen on Franklin Street during big UNC-Notre Dame game
by: Nick Sturdivant
CHAPEL HILL, N.C. (WNCN) — No. 2 Notre Dame took on No. 25 UNC-Chapel Hill at home Friday afternoon in a major football game for the Tar Heels.
For fans, Franklin Street is a popular place to go on a big game day.
However, the big game didn’t attract the big crowds many are accustomed to seeing.
“Yeah, it’s a little bit different,” said Matt Pate.
Pate helps run Shrunken Head, an apparel store, on Franklin Street. He hopes this isn’t a sign of what basketball season will look like.
“I hope not. I hope we see a lot more people out. With basketball season coming up we are really excited,” Pate mentioned.
CBS 17 was on Franklin Street during and after the Friday game. There were some people at different bars.
There were also people out walking in the area. Some people had on masks and some didn’t wear them.
A majority of people we saw at the bars sat in groups distanced from others.
“We knew this place was going to be safe because it had tables set up really far apart and everything is outside. It would be a nice social distance way to enjoy some drinks with the family,” said Maggie Callahan, a UNC student.
Callahan and her family decided to go out and watch the game. While Callahan said it was weird not seeing the typical crowds, they were glad they can be out at a safe distance.
“Ordinarily there would be 20-30 of us. So, we just wanted to get out and not around the apartment all weekend,” said Callahan’s mom, Kim.
For the most part, as soon as the game ended people left Franklin Street.
More Orange County News Stories
UNC students face long lines for required COVID-19 tests; 1 party reported to police
by Holden Kurwicki / Jan 18, 2021
CHAPEL HILL, N.C. (WNCN) -- The spring semester still hasn't started, but students at UNC-Chapel Hill are already voicing their concerns about the school's COVID-19 testing sites.
During the spring semester UNC students are required to receive COVID-19 testing at least once a week.
NC teen missing a month has contacts in Orange, Chatham counties; reward offered
by CBS 17 Digital Desk / Jan 15, 2021
PITTSBORO, N.C. (WNCN) -- Officials are offering a reward for a North Carolina teen girl that has been missing for more than a month, according to Chatham County officials.
Emealia “Emma” Rose Marie Staley, 17, was last seen on Dec. 12 around 8 p.m. in the Gray Fox Lane area of Staley in Randolph County.
‘Mando’ to be Chapel Hill police’s newest K-9
CHAPEL HILL, N.C. (WNCN) - Chapel Hill police announced K-9 "Mando" as its newest member on Friday.
Mando will replace "Ace," a K-9 that spent the last four years with the department.
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Sea Witch Rising (Hardcover)
“The Little Mermaid” takes a twisted turn in this thrilling sequel to villainess origin story Sea Witch, as the forces of land and sea clash in an epic battle for freedom, redemption, and true love.
Runa will not let her twin sister die. Alia traded her voice to the Sea Witch for a shot at happiness with a prince who doesn’t love her. And his rejection will literally kill her—unless Runa intervenes.
Under the sea, Evie craves her own freedom—but liberation from her role as Sea Witch will require an exchange she may not be willing to make. With their hearts’ desires at odds, what will Runa and Evie be willing to sacrifice to save their worlds?
Told from alternating perspectives, this epic fairy tale retelling is a romantic and heart-wrenching story about the complications of sisterhood, the uncompromising nature of magic, and the cost of redemption.
“An atmospheric twist on the classic Hans Christian Andersen tale.”
Paperback (August 18th, 2020): $10.99
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Joseph Gordon-Levitt Will Cut Some Sex From Don Jon's Addiction To Score R-Rating
Kristy Puchko
Published: Feb. 12. 2013 1:33 AM
He's soft-shoed through major action set pieces in Inception, broken hearts in (500) Days of Summer and 50/50, and mixed it up with Batman in Dark Knight Rises and action icon Bruce Willis in Looper. But following a string of shorts, actor Joseph Gordon-Levitt became a feature filmmaker, directing the racy rom-com Don Jon's Addiction.
Gordon-Levitt also wrote and starred in the comedy that recently debuted at the Sundance Film Festival, where it earned some rave review, even though our own Katey Rich found the tale of a porn-addicted Jersey Shore Don Juan who looks to evolve into a more mature man "simultaneously banal and offensive." (Check out her full review here.)
But the movie's muddled message and apparent misogyny don't much matter to Relativity Media, which snagged the domestic distribution rights and promised a $25 million print and advertising campaign to promote its release. After all, Don Jon's Addiction is still a movie starring JGL, who has a legion of fans, not only from his feature film work but also from his open-collaboration production company hitRECord.
Still, with smatterings of graphic sex intercut throughout the narrative, Don Jon's Addiction would have a tough battle with the MPAA ahead in its current condition. But speaking to THR at the Berlin International Film Festival, where the film is now screening, Gordon-Levitt acknowledged cuts would have to be made. In fact, he expected as much. Revisionary editing of the festival cut will commence once Gordon-Levitt returns from Berlin. But the budding filmmaker doesn't seem bothered by the censorship demanded to make the movie more commercially viable, Instead he offers:
“I think it is important that those images are in there, but what precisely you see isn't that important. What's important is the rhythm of the film, the repetition of what the Don Jon character does, over and over.”
Don Jon's Addiction will play next at the South by Southwest Film Festival. A theatrical release will follow later this year.
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Mike Newell Taking Over Adaptation Of Ian McEwan's On Chesil Beach
Katey Rich
Published: Nov. 7. 2011 2:53 AM
At one point, when the new James Bond movie now known as Skyfall seemed trapped in an endless limbo of pre-production, director Sam Mendes was considering directing a quick adaptation of On Chesil Beach, the recent novella by Ian McEwan. That was more than a year ago, and now that Skyfall is actually officially in production, Mendes has obviously let Chesil Beach fall to the side. And yet, it's not dead entirely! Screen Daily reports that Mike Newell is now attached to the project, which is set to shoot in early summer next year.
Mike Newell was working with small-scale films like Four Weddings and a Funeral and Mona Lisa Smile when he was hired in 2004 to direct Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire, the fourth and maybe most unwieldy of the Harry Potter films. Since then his work has jumped all over the place, from the stiff literary adaptation Love in the Time of Cholera to the bloated disaster Prince of Persia: Sands of Time to his current project, an adaptation of Great Expectations (you can see Helena Bonham Carter done up as Miss Havisham for the film here). Newell's track record says he's better at smaller projects than bigger ones, which is why On Chesil Beach is promising.
Unlike the other recent Ian McEwan adaptation Atonement, Chesil Beach is an extremely compact story, taking place on the 1962 wedding night of a couple who both virgins. It's too early for the counterculture revolution of the 60s to have kicked in, so our main characters Edward and Florence are completely terrified of sex, and as the book flashes back to their respective childhoods we learn a little more about why. At one point McEwan said he hoped Carey Mulligan would play the lead role of Florence, but it's unclear if she was ever attached or even read a script. With Newell now ready to start casting the film, we should start learning more about that and what else he plans for the film fairly soon.
Katey Rich View Profile
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Funding briefs
By Chemistry World2006-09-21T11:44:36+01:00
Short items
The UK’s Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) and Airbus have formed a strategic partnership to fund applied research. The EPSRC is calling for outline proposals that will lead to the development of one year research proposals, drawing upon a range of disciplines, with the aim of creating a ’nervous system’ for aircraft, enabling airflow control, load control, health monitoring and a short to medium term aim of in-flight testing by 2010. Closing date for proposals is 7 November 2006.
Secretary of State for Trade and Industry, Alistair Darling, has announced that the UK will subscribe a further €31 million to the European Space Agency’s development of the Galileo programme, Europe’s future civil satellite navigation system. The development phase of Galileo is a joint EU and European Space Agency (ESA) programme, the costs of which are shared equally between the organisations. The current costs of the development programme are estimated by the EU and ESA to be €1.5 billion.
Applications for the Particle Physics and Astronomy Research Council (PPARC)’s cross-disciplinary fellowship scheme close on 15 November 2006. The scheme is designed to develop a cross-disciplinary approach to enhance the UK’s capability to exploit the Mars exploration programme. Proposals are encouraged from a broad range of areas such as: identifying universal signatures for life; defining the extreme boundary conditions for life; explaining how the prerequisites for life might arise as part of planetary formation.
Carl Pilcher, a National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) scientist and administrator, took over as the new director of the NASA Astrobiology Institute (NAI) on 18 September.
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Can chemistry thaw the vaccine cold chain?
Covid-19 has highlighted the challenges of storing vaccines at their proper temperature. Angeli Mehta explores how scientists are trying to protect vaccines from heat degradation
MIT nanotechnologist arrested for hiding his ties to China
The head of an MIT nanoengineering lab who worked at the university for decades is accused of grant fraud and faces up to 30 years in jail
Imposters hijack journal’s peer review process to publish substandard papers
Scammers set up fake institutional email accounts to deceive a chemistry publication’s editorial team
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‘It became sort of lawless’: Florida vaccine rollout turns into a free-for-all
Woman shot in Aurora in one of several suburban carjackings over the weekend
Ultra-Orthodox rabbi accused in sex assault suit
By Ron Grossman, By Ron Grossman and
Tribune reporter |
A federal lawsuit alleging that an ultra-Orthodox rabbi who runs seminaries for girls in Israel is a sexual predator offers a rare look into the most traditional branch of Judaism, where a young woman's religious education can prove key to finding a good husband through a matchmaker.
The allegations raised in the lawsuit, filed this month in Chicago, have already been brought before rabbinical courts in Chicago and Israel. The courts — known as beis din — came to different conclusions about the consequences of the accusations against Rabbi Elimelech Meisels.
The lawsuit was filed by parents of girls who want their tuition money back in light of allegations against Meisels. They say in the suit that the rabbi for 10 years recruited young women from Chicago and other cities to his seminaries in Israel "under the guise of educational and spiritual development."
Meisels is accused in the lawsuit of "developing mentor-mentee relationships with girls," taking them on late-night coffee meetings and sexually assaulting them. Meisels, who could not be reached for comment, does not face any criminal charges.
A few weeks before the suit was filed, a Chicago beis din heard the allegations against Meisels. The body ruled that, based on testimony (including from Meisels) and documents, it believed "students in these seminaries are at risk of harm and does not recommend that prospective students attend these seminaries at this time," according to the lawsuit.
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Given the strictures of a religious prescription known as loshan hara (evil tongue), which forbids the ultra-Orthodox from speaking ill of anyone, parties to the lawsuit declined to talk about the matter, said Shneur Nathan, their attorney.
However, a parent who is not a party to the lawsuit agreed to talk about his experience with Meisels as long as his name was not used.
His daughter, a recent high school graduate, was scheduled to spend a year at one of four women's seminaries in Israel operated by Meisels. With a tuition of about $20,000, plus living expenses, sending her would deplete the family's savings and mean taking out loans. His wife volunteered to work extra hours.
But the two of them thought it worthwhile. For a girl in their community, a year at an Israeli seminary has become a sort of finishing-school experience; it separates childhood from the next stage of life, finding a husband and setting up her own observant household. As the lawsuit notes, for Orthodox Jewish girls a seminary experience in Israel "profoundly shapes and influences their marriage prospects."
In the midst of making her travel arrangements, they learned of the Chicago beis din ruling against Meisels. When the man and his wife told their daughter why she wouldn't be going, the young woman was deeply upset, her father said.
Parents seeking refunds have been unable to get answers from administrators at the seminaries, according to the lawsuit. The named plaintiffs are seeking class-action status to cover damages, said Nathan, their attorney.
Meisels did not respond to an email request for comment or to a phone message left with the U.S. office of his seminaries.
Parents scrambling to find an alternative Israeli school for their daughters were further stymied when an Israeli rabbinical court issued its ruling on the case July 25 and sided with the seminaries.
According to the Israeli rabbis, "there is no cause for concern" at the seminaries. In addition, the Israeli court said that "it is absolutely forbidden" for other seminaries to offer prospective students the opportunity "to switch to their institutions."
If the federal lawsuit goes to trial, jurors will have to sift through claims and counterclaims connected to a lifestyle virtually unknown to outsiders, even to other Jews.
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"The ultra-Orthodox are in the larger world, but not of the larger world," said Samuel Heilman, a professor at City University of New York, who has written extensively about the ultra-Orthodox.
In Hebrew, they're called haredim, "tremblers." The men have long beards, and ritual fringes trail out of their shirts; women wear ankle-length dresses and keep their hair covered after marriage. They live in strict obedience to 613 prescriptions — plus so many extrapolations made by ancient commentators, medieval rabbis and contemporary sages that it could take a lifetime to master the literature.
Not just rabbis, but all men who make that intellectual effort, command enormous respect in the ultra-Orthodox community.
"The social bonds of the ultra-Orthodox community are loshan hara, the seminary and the matchmaker," said Michael Salamon, a clinical psychologist with a practice near a largely ultra-Orthodox community outside New York City.
The matchmaker, called a shadchan, is necessary because of the strict separation of the sexes. So a third party has to introduce an eligible man to a suitable woman, a responsibility that's gotten harder lately,
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"There's a crisis," said Rabbi Yitzchok Wolf, a Chicago-area matchmaker. "There are more girls looking for husbands than boys looking for wives."
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That demography, Salamon notes, puts a premium on polishing a young woman's credentials, if she is to be introduced to a pious and scholarly man. "Parents are convinced a daughter must go to the right seminary," he said.
The federal lawsuit quotes from Meisels' acceptance letter: "Your choice of our seminary ensures you the wonderful benefits of gaining from our marvelous faculty and staff as you prepare to build homes and lives that reflect the centrality of Torah."
Both supporters and detractors of Meisels agree that his is a charismatic personality. The lawsuit alleges that Meisels "threatened his victims that if they shared their story he would draw upon his vast contacts within the Shiduch system to ruin their reputations and ensure that no viable candidate would want to take their hand in marriage."
The accusations leveled against Meisels have sent shock waves through the ultra-Orthodox world. "The whole tapestry of their lives is tightly woven together," Heilman said. "So one thread coming loose threatens to unravel the whole thing."
The fact that the members of the community came forward could mark a turning point, said Nathan, the attorney who filed the civil case. There is even a chance that the question will be aired in open court because of a handful of parents who, by putting their names on a federal lawsuit, challenged loshan hara.
rgrossman@tribune.com
Christian Orthodoxy
City University of New York
On MLK Day, Chicagoans of all ages reflect on how to apply civil rights leader’s words and actions to today’s world problems
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Phil Rogers' MLB power rankings
Brad Mills/US Presswire photo
Davey Johnson still has the Nationals on top.
Davey Johnson still has the Nationals on top. (Brad Mills/US Presswire photo)
Phil Rogers
1. Nationals (3): While the spotlight has been on the highly debated Stephen Strasburg decision, Davey Johnson's lineup came together in late August and rolls toward the first playoff baseball Washington has seen since 1933. Bryce Harper and friends hit 30 home runs in an 11-game stretch, including 15 in four games against the Cubs. And, oh, yes, they're making the right call on Strasburg.
2. Rays (4): Took care of business at home against the Rangers and Yankees.
3. Rangers (2): Playoff rotation is shaping up as Derek Holland, Ryan Dempster, Yu Darvish and Matt Harrison, the question being how to line them up. It's too soon to take the AL West title for granted, however, given how the A's are playing.
4. Reds (1): Probably predictable that they would go flat with such a big lead in the NL Central. But the questions about Aroldis Chapman's shoulder and shortstop Zack Cozart's strained oblique are troubling.
5. Braves (9): Will his brief benching serve as a wakeup call to Dan Uggla? The Braves need him to come out of a long funk.
6. Orioles (6): Leadoff man Nick Markakis (.363 on-base percentage) suffered a broken thumb when hit by a CC Sabathia pitch. He'll be badly missed, with the best hope being a return for the playoffs. Getting there will depend on Mark Reynolds, Adam Jones and Chris Davis continuing to hit home runs.
7. Athletics (5): It wouldn't have been a surprise if they felt sorry for themselves after losing Brandon McCarthy to a fractured skull. Instead they swept a series at Seattle, with starters A.J. Griffin, Brett Anderson and Tommy Milone allowing four runs while striking out 21 and walking one.
8. Angels (12): This is pretty much how Arte Moreno, Jerry Dipoto and Mike Scioscia drew it up. C.J. Wilson and Zack Greinke have led the improvement since Aug. 20, when they were 62-60.
9. Yankees (7): The loss of Mark Teixeira could be huge.
11. White Sox (11): First team in the majors to have five hitters with 20-plus homers: Adam Dunn, A.J. Pierzynski, Paul Konerko, Alex Rios and Dayan Viciedo. Jose Quintana's win over the Tigers was impressive.
11. Giants (8): Extended lead in the NL West to a season-best 51/2 games Friday but have to work for everything with a majors-low in home runs.
12. Tigers (10): Having trouble scoring runs and winning one-run games (0-8 in those games from Aug. 24 through Monday). They hit .153 with runners in scoring position in those eight one-run losses, including 2-for-11 by Miguel Cabrera and Prince Fielder.
13. Cardinals (13): Holding the second wild-card spot for another three weeks will be challenging with their recent inability to pull away from the sliding Dodgers and Pirates.
14. Dodgers (14): Matt Kemp's shoulder still isn't right after he banged it on the outfield wall at Colorado on Aug. 28.
15. Brewers (15): Will they regret trading Zack Greinke rather than holding on to him for a wild-card run? Ron Roenicke has his team playing as well as it has all season.
16. Phillies (17): Like the Brewers, they're back in the picture for the NL's second wild card spot.
17. Diamondbacks (19): Jason Kubel was an excellent offseason addition. They've badly missed injured right-hander Daniel Hudson, who was a key to their 2011 playoff run.
18. Pirates (16): With something to play for, they just got swept by the Cubs. The amazing thing is they still can make a playoff run. Perhaps no franchise in the majors is entering a more critical stretch than the one trying to avoid its 20th consecutive losing season.
19. Blue Jays (23): Casey Janssen has done fine as the closer.
20. Padres (22): Needless to say, they're glad they didn't trade away Chase Headley. You'd think Bud Black has taken himself off the hot seat with the team's good play late in the season.
21. Mariners (20): Just as King Felix was joining the Cy Young discussion, he has allowed 20 hits in 12 innings in his last two starts.
22. Royals (21): Jeremy Guthrie is making himself a lot of glue, as Dennis Eckersley would say.
23. Mets (18): Some are arguing that they should trade David Wright, not sign him to a huge contract extension. So far the club hasn't backed up stated plans to pursue long deals with R.A. Dickey and Wright.
24. Marlins (26): Mark Buehrle just keeps rolling out quality starts. He's the one thing about the franchise that has been as good as advertised this season.
25. Rockies (24): Rookie catcher Wilin Rosario is a slugger who has a lot of work to do behind the plate. He has 19 passed balls.
26. Red Sox (25): Now what?
27. Indians (28): Here's hoping Chris Perez didn't get in too much trouble for voicing his frustration. Honesty is always the best policy, right?
28. Twins (27): Looks like Ron Gardenhire is coming back, but new blood may be coming on the coaching staff, with former Twins right fielder Tom Brunansky a possible addition for 2013.
29. Cubs (29): Chris Volstad is making a late run to avoid being non-tendered.
30. Astros (30): They're the Cubs without Starlin Castro, Anthony Rizzo and Jeff Samardzija.
progers@tribune.com
Twitter @ChiTribRogers
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Capchase nabs $60M in credit to help founders avoid dilution – TechCrunch
No one likes dilution, and that’s why every founder is looking for alternatives to traditional equity investing by venture capitalists. Financial entrepreneurs have launched a number of products, from SaaS securitization to debt-based financing, to help founders avoid that dilution, particularly when they have recurring revenues clocked on the books.
Capchase is one of this new crop of startup-focused fintech companies. It allows startups to receive their future recurring revenue today in the form of debt, allowing founders to spend future money earlier and potentially avoid at least some of those expensive, dilutive rounds of venture capital, particularly when they are just getting started. I profiled the Boston-based company a few months ago, when they had raised a $4.6 million seed led by Caffeinated Capital.
Now, the company is swimming in new funds, and it’s ready to start lending out to even more startups. This morning, the company announced that it has raised $60 million in an “asset-backed credit facility” from i80 Group. That should allow Capchase to expand the number of startups it works with, as well as the amount of revenue prepayment it could potentially extend to each startup as well.
i80 itself has built an investment firm based around credit underwriting just these sorts of projects for startups. In addition to this facility for Capchase and similar fintech underwriting, the group also backs real estate underwriting projects like for Properly, where it co-led a $100 million facility with Silicon Valley Bank.
Capchase, which was founded in early 2020, claims that its initial customers have delayed fundraises by an average of 8 months and saved about 16% in overall dilution. Of course, those number will vary widely depending on the startup, its growth, its recurring revenues and other variables.
Capchase’s goal isn’t just to extend revenue prepayment to startups, but to do it fast, sometimes in just days or even hours depending on the complexity of the recurring revenues of its clients. With $60 million more, it’s hungry to lend even faster.
← RV Capital's 2020 Letter To Co-Investors
Google Reviews Don’t Just Affect Your Online Reputation – Reviews ARE Your Online Reputation →
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ISI Expert Joins SoftwareONE to Expand Delivery of Managed Services
SoftwareONE, a leading global platform, solutions and services organization, announced that ISI Expert, a managed services and infrastructure provider based in France, will become part of the SoftwareONE team. With ISI Expert, SoftwareONE bolsters its comprehensive portfolio of services and solutions to its customers in France with advanced technology solutions that drive measurable business impact.
Information Technology software and services are rapidly evolving with the convergence of business and technology. Cloud and hybrid IT and data analytics offer new opportunities, but these technologies are intensifying the complexity of Software Portfolio Management (SPM). SoftwareONE’s offerings empower organizations to bridge the gap between technology choices, architectural design, and licensing rules to ensure they are maximizing their software investments.
ISI Expert provides service offerings across cloud, on-premises, and hybrid environments. The company is a key Microsoft 365 and Azure partner in France, focusing on transformations, migrations and managed services. ISI Expert works closely with customers to execute cloud, virtualization and digital strategies.
“The addition of the ISI Expert services and team enables SoftwareONE to better serve our customer base in France and globally,” said Didier Martins, country lead for SoftwareONE France. “ISI Expert has a reputation for excellence in the implementation of cutting-edge, scalable, and sustainable infrastructure solutions and we are excited to be able to offer their services to SoftwareONE’s customers.”
“SoftwareONE has a strong footprint in EMEA, and is growing in France, particularly around its software asset management solutions,” said Florent Saussaye, chief executive officer of ISI Expert. “Becoming part of SoftwareONE is an amazing opportunity for our company and employees. It allows us to showcase our managed services strengths and better serve SoftwareONE customers in all areas of business.”
ISI Expert employees will join the SoftwareONE organization in France effective immediately.
About ISI Expert
ISI Expert, a leader in digital transformation services in France, was established in 2012. ISI Expert provides managed services in digital strategy, migrations and transformation to the cloud. In close collaboration with Microsoft, ISI Expert focuses on two key areas: infrastructure transformation on the Azure platform and workplace transformation with Microsoft 365. The ISI Expert team has deep knowledge in regards to cloud environments to support its customers and partners with their digital transformation. ISI Expert operates a customer contact center providing advice, support and guidance to its customer base across the private and public sectors in France.
About SoftwareONE
SoftwareONE, a leading global platform, solutions and services organization, is modernizing the way organizations budget and optimize their global IT spend from on-premises to the cloud. The PyraCloud platform, applying machine learning, delivers the visibility, insight, automation and control customers demand to maximize their software investments. In tandem, our Software Portfolio Management (SPM) and Software Asset Management (SAM) services provide the methodology and framework to optimize the underlying IT infrastructure, accelerate cloud adoption and minimize compliance risk. Privately owned since 1985, with over 3,000 technology experts located across 80+ countries, SoftwareONE is one of the fastest growing technology solution providers in the world with elite partnerships with Microsoft, AWS, Adobe, IBM, VMware, Oracle, Citrix, Symantec, McAfee, and many more. To learn more about SoftwareONE, visit http://www.softwareone.com and connect with the company on Twitter and LinkedIn.
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Online-Order
Service makes the difference. Since 1836.
History compact
History in detail
History-Video
In 1873, his son Peter Friedrich Cretschmar took over the management of the company. During this time, two of the company’s own steamers operated from Düsseldorf and Cologne to Rotterdam and Amsterdam. Cretschmar took over his first shipping company agency.
In 1883 Cretschmar became the first person interested in participating in Düsseldorf telephone traffic and received the telephone number 1.
Between 1885 and 1900 Cretschmar took over various shipping agencies covering both Rhine and Rhine-Sea shipping to German and European destinations in the North Sea, the Baltic Sea and the Mediterranean.
In 1895 Cretschmar founded a branch at Neuss docks...
... and in the same year it erected its own storage shed on a quay front about 110 m in length at the commercial port of Düsseldorf which was under construction.
In 1902 the foundation stone was laid for the trade fair shipping agency: Cretschmar was co-founder and partner of the forwarding company founded for the “Great Düsseldorf Industry and Commerce Exhibition”.
In 1904, the company moved its headquarters from the warehouse at Dammstraße 5 to a large office building at Stromstraße 7, directly in the harbour area of Düsseldorf.
In 1908 Cretschmar took over the large warehouse depot in the Berger port of Düsseldorf.
In 1909 Cretschmar built its own coal tipper plant in Neuss and in the same year it became the agent for direct Rhine-sea steamship transport to the main ports of southern Norway.
In 1920, two years after the end of the 1st World War, Cretschmar resumed the direct Rhine-Sea transport to England.
L.W. Cretschmar Süd GmbH & Co. KG
Reisholzer Bahnstraße 33 D - 40599 Düsseldorf
Ana Martínez
ana.martinez@cretschmar.es
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James N. Papirmeister, P.C.
Respected Criminal Defense Lawyer | Maryland and Washington, D.C.
Call Today for a Free Attorney Consultation
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Maryland postman faces charges for mail theft
On behalf of James Papirmeister of Law Offices of James N. Papirmeister, P.C. posted in Larceny & Theft on Wednesday, June 11, 2014.
A long-time postman from the Catonsville Postal Service facility is facing federal charges after authorities say he stole over 20,000 pieces of mail. The mailman has been employed with the United States Post Office since 1993.
According to court documents, the charges against the man stemmed from an investigation that began this past February after investigators received a tip from an Internet hotline. The tipster alleged that they had observed the mailman bringing mail back to his home and opening it so he could steal item that had been placed in the mail, such as jewelry, passports and DVDs.
A second informant also reportedly came forward alleging to authorities that they had actually been inside the mailman's home and had observed a large selection of both unopened and opened mail inside the man's residence. The informant reportedly provided photos of the home's interior revealing a large assortment of mail that was not addressed to the mailman. The informant also provided authorities with 23 items of mail that they had taken from the residence to provide as proof.
During an investigation into the accusation, a special agent from the Postal Service Inspector General's office reportedly observed the mailman enter the residence with a mail satchel during a stakeout. A subsequent search of the mailman's residence revealed a multitude of bags, boxes and official Postal Service tubs filled with mail, including a $100 bag of Kennedy half dollar coins, magazines and gift cards.
The mailman has been charged with one count each of delaying the mail and mail theft.
Defendants who are accused of theft may face a lengthy jail sentence if they are convicted, especially if it is considered a federal crime. An experienced Maryland criminal attorney may be able to assist a defendant and work to provide a defense against these types of allegations.
Source: The Baltimore Sun, "Catonsville postman accused in theft of 20,000 pieces of mail" Jeffrey L. Shipley, Brandi Bottalico (Contributor), Jun. 02, 2014
Tags: allegations
Related Posts: Maryland man faces charges for alleged Home Depot thefts, Maryland man faces drug charges for alleged evidence room thefts, Maryland store employee faces charges for theft, Maryland political candidate faces extradition to Texas
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Starburst Data Collects $42M Round As Big Data Startup Ramps Up Product Development, Channel Expansion
Company positions its Presto-based distributed SQL query technology, which provides access to data in any source, as an alternative to traditional data warehouse systems.
By Rick Whiting June 17, 2020, 04:04 PM EDT
Starburst Data, a big data startup built around the Presto open-source query engine technology, has raised $42 million in Series B financing.
Starburst, launched in 2017 and based in Boston, will use the latest funding to fuel its market expansion – including expanding alliances with the major cloud platform vendors and developing a partner program – and significantly expand its engineering team to accelerate development of the company’s Starburst Enterprise Presto flagship product.
The announcement comes close on the heels of a Series A funding round in November 2019 that brought in $22 million.
[Related: 10 Hit Big Data Companies To Watch In 2020]
Presto is a high-performance, distributed SQL query engine for finding and analyzing data that resides in a variety of data sources. Presto was originally developed by Facebook for querying data in the social media company’s multi-petabyte data warehouse. Facebook open-sourced the Presto technology in 2013.
Presto runs on premises or in the cloud and can be used to query and analyze data that is scattered across multiple systems. A key advantage is that unlike data warehouses and other traditional data analysis systems, which collect data from multiple sources and consolidate it in a central location for analytical tasks, Presto can query data where it resides without having to move it, said Starburst CEO Justin Borgman in an interview with CRN.
“That’s really what makes Presto unique,” Borgman said. “Because Presto doesn’t store data, it allows more flexibility.” He described the technology as functioning like a distributed database, only without the data storage function.
In addition to offering a free distribution of the open-source Presto software, Starburst markets Starburst Enterprise Presto, the vendor’s commercial edition with added management capabilities, security, pre-built connectors to data sources and support services. The company provides editions of the software running on the major cloud platforms: Amazon Web Services, Microsoft Azure and Google Cloud Platform; as well as on Kubernetes.
The company’s business model is similar to that of Databricks, which builds its products around the Spark open-source unified analytics engine for large-scale data processing, and Confluent, which does likewise around the Kafka open-source data streaming technology.
A key demand driver for Starburst is the ability of its software to work across on-premises, cloud and hybrid-cloud systems, Borgman said. “I think what’s driving our success right now is the fact that a lot of companies are in transition between on premise and cloud.”
Starburst does have some competition on the horizon. Startup Ahana, which is developing Presto-based ad-hoc analytics software for debut later this year, exited stealth earlier this month and announced that it had raised $2.25 million in first-round financing.
There is also the danger of a fork in the Presto open-source technology due to competing Presto foundations: The Presto Software Foundation, founded by the technology’s original developers in 2018 who left Facebook to continue their work and co-founded Starburst, and the Presto Foundation, which was started by Facebook and is now part of The Linux Foundation.
Borgman said Starburst bootstrapped itself to profitability in its early years before scoring last year’s Series A funding led by Index Ventures. The most recent funding round was led by fund management firm Coatue with participation from Index Ventures.
Starburst is selling its software both direct and with partners, said Harrison Johnson, head of partnerships at the company, and in the interview with CRN he said Starburst is working to build itself into a partner-first company. In addition to establishing alliances with the major cloud platform vendors, Starburst works with systems integrators and solution providers including BlueMetal, part of channel giant Insight, and BigData Boutique.
Johnson said Starburst will continue expanding its partner ecosystem to include ISVs and managed service providers and is currently assembling a formal channel program to provide partners with training and enablement resources and sales incentives.
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'America is back': Biden pushes past Trump era with nominees
Alexandra Jaffe, Matthew Lee and Aamer Madhani
Published Tuesday, November 24, 2020 12:08PM EST Last Updated Wednesday, November 25, 2020 7:32AM EST
WILMINGTON, DEL. -- Declaring "America is back," U.S. president-elect Joe Biden introduced his national security team, his first substantive offering of how he'll shift from Trump-era "America First" policies by relying on experts from the Democratic establishment to be some of his most important advisers.
"Together, these public servants will restore America globally, its global leadership and its moral leadership," Biden said Tuesday from a theatre in his longtime home of Wilmington, Delaware. "It's a team that reflects the fact that America is back, ready to lead the world, not retreat from it."
The nominees are all Washington veterans with ties to the Obama administration, a sign of Biden's effort to resume some form of normalcy after the tumult of President Donald Trump's four years in office. Another sign that Biden will soon be in charge: He scheduled a Thanksgiving address to the nation for Wednesday afternoon, planning to focus his remarks on shared sacrifices during the holiday season and expressing confidence that Americans will get through the coronavirus pandemic together.
There are risks to choosing experienced hands from the previous Democratic administration. Besides Republican attacks, progressives fret that Biden is tapping some officials who were too cautious and incremental the last time they held power.
Still, Biden's nominees were a clear departure from Trump, whose Cabinet has largely consisted of men, almost all of them white. Biden's picks included several women and people of colour, some of whom would break barriers if confirmed to their new positions.
On Tuesday they stood behind Biden and Vice-President-elect Kamala Harris spaced apart and wearing masks to prevent the spread of the coronavirus, a contrast with Trump and many of his top aides who have largely eschewed facial coverings.
The president-elect's team includes Antony Blinken, a veteran foreign policy hand well-regarded on Capitol Hill whose ties to Biden go back some 20 years, for secretary of state; lawyer Alejandro Mayorkas to be homeland security secretary; veteran diplomat Linda Thomas-Greenfield to be U.S. ambassador to the United Nations; and Obama White House alumnus Jake Sullivan as national security adviser.
Avril Haines, a former deputy director of the CIA, was picked to serve as director of national intelligence, the first woman to hold that post, and former Secretary of State John Kerry will make a curtain call as a special envoy on climate change. Kerry and Sullivan's position will not require Senate confirmation.
With the Senate's balance of power hinging on two runoff races in Georgia that will be decided in January, some Senate Republicans have already expressed antipathy to Biden's picks as little more than Obama world retreads.
Sen. Tom Cotton, an Arkansas Republican and potential 2024 presidential candidate, argued that Biden is surrounding himself with people who will go soft on China.
Sen. Marco Rubio, another potential White House hopeful, who sits on the Senate Foreign Relations Committee that will consider Blinken's nomination, broadly wrote off the early selections.
"Biden's cabinet picks went to Ivy League schools, have strong resumes, attend all the right conferences & will be polite & orderly caretakers of America's decline," Rubio tweeted.
Biden said his choices "reflect the idea that we cannot meet these challenges with old thinking and unchanged habits." He said he tasked them with reasserting global and moral leadership, a clear swipe at Trump, who has resisted many traditional foreign alliances.
The president-elect said he was "struck" by how world leaders have repeatedly told him during congratulatory calls that they look forward to the U.S. "reasserting its historic role as a global leader" under his administration.
Trump, who has debated recently whether to mount another presidential campaign in 2024, appeared to defend his worldview on Tuesday.
"We shouldn't go away from that -- America First," he said at the annual turkey pardon, a lighthearted pre-Thanksgiving White House tradition.
While Trump expected total loyalty from his Cabinet and chafed at pushback from advisers, Biden said he expected advisers to tell me "what I need to know, not what I want to know."
Further drawing a contrast with Trump, Haines said she accepted Biden's nomination knowing that "you value the perspective of the intelligence community, and that you will do so even when what I have to say may be inconvenient or difficult."
Haines said she has "never shied away from speaking truth to power" and added "that will be my charge as director of national intelligence."
Biden celebrated the diversity of his picks, offering a particularly poignant tribute to Thomas-Greenfield. The eldest of eight children who grew up in segregated Louisiana, she was the first to graduate from high school and college in her family. The diplomat, in turn, said that with his selections, Biden is achieving much more than a changing of the guard.
"My fellow career diplomats and public servants around the world, I want to say to you, `America is back, multilateralism is back, diplomacy is back,"' Thomas-Greenfield said.
Mayorkas, who is Cuban American, also offered a nod to his immigrant upbringing.
"My father and mother brought me to this country to escape communism," he said. "They cherished our democracy, and were intensely proud to become United States citizens, as was I."
But Mayorkas might pose the most difficult confirmation challenge from Biden's early round of nominees.
The Senate previously confirmed him in December 2013 by a party-line vote to be the deputy secretary of Homeland Security. The Senate was controlled by Democrats then, and all of the chamber's Republicans voted against his confirmation mainly because he was then under investigation by the inspector general in that department who had been appointed by President Barack Obama. At the time, the Senate historian's office said it was unprecedented for the Senate to vote on a nominee who was under investigation.
The inspector general, John Roth, found in March 2015 that Mayorkas, as director of the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services, appeared to give special treatment to certain people as part of the visa program that gives residency preference to immigrants who agree to invest in the U.S. economy.
Meanwhile, there were signs on Tuesday that the stalled formal transition of power is now underway. Biden's team now is in contact with all federal agencies, according to a transition official who spoke on condition of anonymity to describe developments that have not been announced.
At the Pentagon, Kash Patel, chief of staff to the acting secretary of defence, is heading the department's transition work. A transition task force has been assembled, led by Tom Muir, head of the Pentagon office that provides administrative and management services to all Defence Department facilities in the Washington area.
Muir said the first meeting with Biden's team was held virtually on Tuesday morning and that he expected daily meetings to come -- some virtually and some in person. He said normal accommodations for the Biden team have been made, including provision of briefing materials, video-teleconferencing capabilities, and office space inside the Pentagon.
Health and Human Services Secretary Alex Azar also said his agency is working to get briefing materials to Biden's aides immediately and pledged a "professional, co-operative and collaborative" transition.
The moves came a day after the head of the General Services Administration wrote the necessary letter of "ascertainment" acknowledging Biden as the apparent winner of the election, triggering the transition process.
Trump, who continues to press a legal challenge to overturn the election results, again on Tuesday refused to concede his election loss.
Trump tweeted that "the GSA does not determine who the next President of the United States will be."
Lee and Madhani reported from Washington. Associated Press writer Robert Burns in Washington contributed to this report
U.S. president-elect Joe Biden attends a national security briefing at The Queen theatre in Wilmington, Del., on Nov. 17, 2020. (Andrew Harnik / AP)
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James Charles turns off comments on viral TikTok after lockdown backlash
James Charles turned off comments on a viral TikTok video of him dancing with his friends in front of a house in Christmas outfits after fans claimed it was inappropriate given the current lockdown in Los Angeles.
James Charles is no stranger to controversy and criticism. He’s been caught up in everything from dishing out nasty rants on social media to allegedly ripping off Ethan Klein’s H3H3 merchandise.
However, he’s copped a lot of hate, too, even in circumstances where it wasn’t warranted at all. Still, it hasn’t stopped him from snowballing his success even further and becoming one of the most popular influencers.
James Charles has put his controversial past behind him.
Unfortunately, James Charles has found himself in hot water once again. It revolves around his latest viral video, which shows him dancing outside a house with Larray and Charli D’Amelio while wearing Christmas outfits. He released a similar one with Dixie D’Amelio too.
Read more: Charli D’Amelio plays Among Us IRL with James Charles & more
Some fans think the videos are inappropriate given the current lockdown situation in Los Angeles. Others argue there’s nothing wrong with it since it’s happening on their property and claim it was filmed several weeks ago.
@jamescharleslemme see ya walk @larrayeeee @charlidamelio♬ Walk – Saucy Santana
Either way, James Charles ultimately decided to disable the comments on the video. He hasn’t made an official statement, but it’s fair to assume he probably wanted to stop the bickering between fans from spreading.
Read more: James Charles explains why Sister Squad won’t be coming back
The controversy has seen the videos generate more than 70 million views and around 20 million likes. So, the discussion between impassioned fans on either side of the issue was growing like a wildfire.
A post shared by First Ever Tiktok Shaderoom (@tiktokroom)
In the end, though, there are valid points on both sides. But while it’s important to discuss them, it’s also important to keep things civil.
James Charles and other influencers will inevitably be subject to criticism, and that’s okay. Just don’t forget that they’re people too.
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Conor McGregor explains why YouTube boxing is “good business” for the sport
Published: 16/Jan/2021 1:20
Jake Paul / Conor McGregor
Jake Paul and Logan Paul helped popularize ‘YouTube Boxing’ in recent years, although it’s often described as a mockery of the sport. However, Conor McGregor explained why he isn’t against it and thinks it’s good business.
Conor McGregor has been focused on his upcoming UFC 257 bout against Dustin Poirier for a while now. However, that hasn’t stopped Jake Paul from doing his best to rope the former double champion into an exhibition boxing match.
Jake first called him out back in November 2020 after he knocked out Nate Robinson. Then, he taunted him to accept a $50 million fight offer several weeks later and has been flailing about ever since.
He still hasn’t managed to get his attention. However, his antics did draw out comments from UFC President Dana White and Conor’s coach, John Kavanagh. Now, Conor has finally shared his thoughts on YouTube boxing as a whole, and here’s what he had to say.
Jake Paul has tried and failed to bait a response from Conor McGregor.
“A lot of people are criticizing [YouTube boxing] as maybe making a bit of a mockery of fighting,” asked an interviewer. It’s the predominant view among fans of combat sports. “I want you to weigh in on that for me.”
“If they are fighting, well, then it can’t make a mockery of fighting, right?” said Conor. “They’re getting in, and they’re competing. I am not so much against it. The YouTube kid and the NBA star competing [was] good business.
Read more: Stipe Miocic warns Jake & Logan Paul on calling out MMA fighters
“Am I into those competitions myself? It’s not the most high level if any level… [but] as they say if it makes dollars, it makes sense,” he added. “I know Dana and the UFC are not really into it, but… I’m not so against it. I think if people are willing to get in and take the risk of making that walk, I am certainly a viewer.”
A post shared by TheBreadBatch (@thebreadbatch)
Conor’s opinion might come as a surprise to fans who expected him to make scathing comments. However, as a businessman himself, it seems like he’s all for it. Plus, as he said, YouTube boxers are still fighting and giving it their all.
Read more: Jake Paul wants to fight Floyd Mayweather after Logan Paul
On another note, Conor didn’t seem too incensed about Jake. He barely mentioned him at all.
Still, it’s only a matter of time before Jake responds, and there’s no doubt he won’t be too thrilled about being referred to as “the YouTube kid.”
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Trump is 'livid' at Biden's star-studded inauguration line-up of Lady Gaga, Tom Hanks and Jennifer Lopez: President 'fumes at aides over celebrities' in his final hours in office as Field of Flags is lit up on National Mall
Thirty people arrested and ten cops injured in violent clashes between BLM and NYPD outside City Hall at end of MLK Day march
Paraded in cages 'to be burned alive' like Jordanian pilot: ISIS releases video claiming to show 17 Kurdish fighters in humiliating procession through Iraqi city
Orange clad Peshmerga are driven through crowds of jeering militants
Grim echo of Lieutenant Muath al-Kaseasbeh's public burning on camera
Procession reportedly took place in northwestern Iraqi city of Kirkuk
Reports claim ISIS now has a presence in the oil rich Kurdish stronghold
By Tim Macfarlan For Mailonline
Published: 17:55 EST, 13 February 2015 | Updated: 07:05 EST, 14 February 2015
Heads bowed in terror the orange-clad Kurdish fighters are paraded through streets filled with jeering militants in the latest horrifying video release from Islamic State.
In a grim echo of the terrible fate which befell Jordanian pilot Lieutenant Muath al-Kaseasbeh the captives, reportedly Peshmerga fighters, are dressed in orange jumpsuits and shackled in cages.
Just as Lt. al-Kaseasbeh was burned alive on camera, IS are planning to do the same with their latest prisoners, according to posts on social media.
A terrified Kurdish prisoner looks out from his cage at a mob of jeering militants in the horrific scene
Each prisoner was accompanied by black clad and flag waving jihadis, some armed with AK-47s
Onlookers jeered and taunted the prisoners as their captors played to the crowds during the procession
Jordanian pilot Muath al-Kaseasbeh is pictured about to be burned to death in a horrific film released by ISIS. There are fears the Kurdish prisoners in the latest release could meet the same dreadful fate
The grim procession apparently took place through Kirkuk in northwest Iraq, an oil rich Kurdish stronghold where ISIS now has a presence after mounting repeated attacks in recent weeks.
The parade, reportedly through the Hawija district in the southwest of Kirkuk, could be seen as revenge for horrific reports of Kurdish forces dragging the bodies of ISIS fighters through the streets of the city in the Kurdistan region of Iraq earlier this month.
I'm called Isis... boys try to chat me up by saying they... 'Let it go and get on with your lives': British ISIS hostage...
In the nearly four minute long video 17 of the Iraqi Kurdistan military forces are driven one by one on the backs of white pick-up trucks with ISIS flag-waving militants toting AK-47s accompanying each prisoner.
At the end of the clip the long line of cages can be seen retreating into the sunset over the heads of massed crowds of militants.
A total of 17 Peshmerga were led through the streets of what is apparently Kirkuk in northwestern Iraq
Posts on social media suggested the Islamic State militants plan to set fire to the Kurdistan warriors
This captive stares grimly ahead as one militant records him on his smartphone as he is driven past
The parade reportedly took place in Hawija in southwest Kirkuk, where ISIS is now said to have a foothold
Lt. al-Kaseasbeh was filmed being burned to death by Islamic State extremists in a nightmarish 22-minute film which was expertly edited before being posted online.
Titled 'Healing the Believers' Chests', it showed the captured airman locked in a cage before a trail of petrol leading up to its bars is set alight.
It is thought he was immolated while heavily sedated before debris, including broken masonry, is poured over the cage, which is then flattened by a bulldozer.
Officials believe Kasasbeh had been killed almost one month earlier, despite ISIS attempting to carry out a prisoner exchange in return for the captured pilot.
After the footage was released, Jordanian officials executed two Iraqi militants connected with ISIS.
They included Sajida al-Rishawi, the female would-be suicide bomber whose freedom ISIS had originally demanded in exchange for releasing Kasasbeh.
Thousands of Jordanian troops have been deployed to the country's border with Iraq to stop Islamic State militants from infilatrating the country, it has been reported.
The country has already carried out airstrikes on ISIS targets in revenge for the murder of their pilot.
Iraqi security forces killed eight ISIS assailants wearing Iraqi army uniforms during an attack against the Ain al-Asad air base, where 320 US Marines are currently training Iraqi troops
Al-Baghdadi is only nine miles away from the air base, where Iraqi officials had to call for reinforcements
The latest procession of captives scene played out against the backdrop of ISIS taking the town of Al-Baghdadi in western Iraq.
The fall of the town, which the Pentagon played down as a minor setback, came as IS extremists launched an unsuccessful assault involving suicide bombers on the nearby Al-Asad air base.
'We do assess that right now they have control of Al-Baghdadi,' Pentagon spokesman Rear Admiral John Kirby told a news conference, adding IS took hold of the town 'in the past several days.'
The town is located in Anbar province, about five miles (eight kilometers) from the Asad air base, where about 300 US Marines are stationed to assist Iraqi government troops.
Iraqi soldiers repelled the IS group's assault on the base on Friday which involved several suicide bombers, officials said.
A group of 20-25 IS fighters, most of them wearing Iraqi army uniforms, carried out the failed attack, which appeared designed to have been an initial wave of suicide bombings followed by gunmen storming in, Kirby said.
All of the militants were killed or died when detonating suicide bombs.
No US military serve members were under direct threat from the attack, as they were several miles away, but two Iraqi soldiers were killed and several were wounded
Kirby said that 'at no time were US troops anywhere near the fighting,' which was about two miles away from where the Americans were working at the sprawling complex.
American surveillance aircraft tracking the IS extremists assisted the Iraqi army forces and Apache attack helicopters were sent in but did open fire, officials said.
US-led coalition aircraft carried out five air strikes in the area over the past 24 hours, roughly 15 kilometers from the Asad base, but those were not related to the brief firefight with the IS militants at Asad, officials said.
'There were no aircraft involved in beating back this,' Kirby said. 'The Iraqi security forces did this on their own.'
An Iraqi army colonel and a defense ministry official said the botched attack involved at least seven would-be suicide bombers using a military vehicle.
Al-Baghdadi had been under growing pressure for months and was one of the few towns that had remained under the Iraqi government's control in the predominantly Sunni province.
But the Pentagon said the capture of the town did not represent a major setback in the war effort against the Islamists who have overrun large areas of Iraq and Syria.
'This is arguably the first in at least a couple of months, if not more, where they (IS) have had any success at all at taking any new ground,' Kirby said.
'So this is an enemy that we still assess to be in a defensive posture.'
He added: 'It's one town. It's not all of Anbar. It's not all of Iraq.
'We need to keep it in perspective.'
US officials have said it will take some time before Iraqi troops are trained and ready to stage a major counter-offensive in Anbar province, where much of the Sunni population has become alienated from the Shiite-led leadership in Baghdad.
Washington is pinning its hopes on Iraqi government plans to build up a militia among the Sunni tribes in the area against the IS jihadists.
On Wednesday President Obama formally requested from Congress the authority to use military force in the war against ISIS.
The proposal does not ask for the deployment of ground troops.
During a press conference the president said: 'Our coalition is on the offensive, ISIL is on the defensive and ISIL is going to lose.'
ISIS video claims to show 17 Kurdish fighters in caged procession
Police escort woman from Sainbury's for refusing to wear a mask
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Star Evaluation: What Can Chido Improve Upon?
The evaluation of the 2019 roster continues, as we take a look at how Chidobe Awuzie grew in his first full season as a starter at cornerback.
William A. Boykins
Digital Media Producer / Webmaster
Jeremiah Jhass/2019 Dallas Cowboys
Further Review: Best & Worst From 2020 Season
The DallasCowboys.com staff looks back at a season unlike any other, reviewing the best and worst from 2020.
Best of Week 17: Cowboys at Giants | 2020
The best views from the Dallas Cowboys Week 17 game at the New York Giants, Sunday January 3rd at MetLife Stadium in East Rutherford, NJ.
"Dressed For Success" Cowboys at Giants | 2020
Views of the Dallas Cowboys "Dressed for Success" as they visit the New York Giants in a Week 17 game at MetLife Stadium, presented by Jack Black.
Further Review: Tough Ending To Tougher Season
Before we take a deeper dive into the offseason, let's take one final look at the Cowboys' regular season finale and the disappointing loss to the Giants.
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Bringing Diversity to the Toy Box
One mother, Queen Cee Robinson, is revolutionizing playtime by creating dolls that resemble the girls who own them.
Heather Wood Rudúlph May 12, 2014
When Queen Cee Robinson’s five-year-old daughter started asking for dolls to play with, the mother of five faced the dilemma many conscious parents today come up against: How can I give my child a toy she loves that doesn’t hurt her self-esteem?
“I was always aware of the lack of diversity in media and entertainment, which is why I never subscribed to buying my daughter dolls. I knew I wouldn’t find any that reflected her—or who she may aspire to be,” says 36-year-old Robinson, who is Jamaican-Canadian and lives in Hamilton, Ontario, with her family. “I told my daughter, ‘I don’t want to buy you dolls that represent any different standard of beauty. When I find dolls with beautiful chocolate skin like you, and different shades of skin like your friends, I will buy them for you.’ But I couldn’t find any,” says Robinson.
The lack of diversity in toys is still very much a problem, even as North America grows increasingly diverse. A search on ToysRUs.com for “black doll” returns with Monster High dolls (a favorite of Robinson’s daughter), a series that features only one character with brown skin. A modified search of “black Barbie” brings up only clothing.
The results on Amazon.com are much better, with a selection of black Barbie memorabilia and infant plush toys with brown skin tones, but you have to click through four pages before you get to the first black doll. Farther still for dolls representing any other ethnicity.
“There really are no options here in Canada for black dolls, which is crazy,” says Robinson. “My community has West Indian, African, White, Filipino, and Chinese. Those are staples. And when it comes to interracial families, that is the norm.”
Eventually Robinson found the Mattel line of So In Style dolls, which come in a variety of skin tones, and whose features are slightly more ethnic than Barbie—fuller lips, angled eyes, and wider noses. She ordered as many as she could and immediately started to dismantle them.
The straight hair was ripped out and restyled into tight curls, dreadlocks, kinky Afros, cornrows, and Afro puffs. She chipped off the factory makeup to give the dolls a more natural look. And the clothing—typically standard-issue short dress and high heels—was scrapped for her handmade career outfits and ceremonial dress representing different cultures.
Her daughter squealed with joy when she got her first dolls. And Robinson felt like she could finally give her child playthings that reflected the diversity of the real world.
“Growing up, I was like my daughter, I had the one black Barbie and cherished her,” Robinson says. “But it also made me feel different. Like, why is there just the one?”
So Robinson kept making the dolls for her daughter. Then friends started to ask for them. Then strangers. Soon, she began taking special orders on dolls for families eager to give their children toys that reflect their heritage. She sells them by word-of mouth and publicizes new creations on her Instagram account. Later this month, about a year after she first started making the dolls, she’s opening her first Etsy shop (in the meantime she can be reached through her Facebook page and at [email protected]).
“My specialty is creating different versions of black dolls, but I have had requests for Indian, Asian, and Latina dolls, and I just did a little biracial girl with honey-brown hair and freckles,” Robinson says. “The reaction from the kids is great—they are so excited. But even my adult clients are astounded. Any time you have something that’s an image or a reflection of something you know, it brings a good feeling to people. And I think that’s what all toys for kids should involve.”
Robinson’s reimagining of the dolls isn’t just about diversity in racial makeup—but in giving girls role models that stray from the mainstream princess or fairy iconography. There is a gorgeous, regal queen with a gold-and-Bordeaux-colored gown wearing a crown atop large, cocoa ringlets. But there is also a dreadlocked physician in a lab coat; a biker chick with a voluminous head of ringlets and a pink motorcycle; and a dark-skinned woman in a business outfit with a sleek cut that bears a striking resemblance to Michelle Obama. And the doll with cornrows and a casual sweat suit and sneakers seems to be repping for all the pink-averse girls out there.
“I want girls to understand that they are all individual spirits. What makes them unique makes them special—and that includes the color of their skin and the kinkiness of their hair,” Robinson says. “Kids develop their likes and aspirations through play. And when they don’t see themselves in the characters and toys that they love, their self-esteem suffers. The more options they have, the more comfortable they will be with themselves.”
This drive to encourage self-esteem inspires all of Robinson’s work. She’s trained as a singer and musician, but she has fallen into a career of community activism, largely inspired by her daughter and the women in her community.
In 2008 she founded the nonprofit Be-You-tiful Girls Club to introduce Hamilton’s youth to multiculturalism through the arts. The idea spawned from another organization she launched, When Sistahs Get Together, which focused on female empowerment through community activism. During meetings with women, the subject of the youngest females kept coming up.
“We can’t expect to progress in our everyday lives and build strong women if we don’t address the grassroots issues, which is girls,” Robinson says. “All girls become women at some point. It’s really important that we empower their minds and teach them about global culture.”
Girls are introduced to dance, art, and literature from around the world and encouraged to develop their own form of creative expression. Recent events have focused on Bollywood dance, tribal jewelry making, creative writing, and henna art.
“There’s a point where girls are no longer pushed to be creative,” Robinson says. “What if a girl wants to be an artist, a photographer, an architect, or a welder? What if she wants to create poetry or play the electric guitar? There are so many barriers telling her, ‘no.’”
Through her community work and the dolls she creates, Robinson is sending a different message: “Anything is possible.”
Business Motherhood Race
Heather Wood Rudúlph is the editorial director of DAME. Her reporting and criticism on women’s rights, entertainment, technology, and the media has appeared in Cosmopolitan, The Guardian, Elle, Time, and The Los Angeles Review of Books, among other publications.
Find her @hwrudulph
More by Heather Wood Rudúlph
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2018 DataIQ 100
Market Insight28 Feb 2018
In Partnership with Tealium
Download this document
Welcome to the 2018 DataIQ 100 which showcases the individuals making extraordinary strides in the field of data innovation.
DataIQ has created the definitive list of power players – the people we believe possess the most influence, profile, experience and knowledge to drive the vibrant data-driven marketing industry.
They are the people who, with the explosion of data sources in recent years, know how to get to the data that counts – to move along that continuum of best practice data capture, to intelligence and finally, to profitable actions.
"No ivory towers" found on OS map for data knowledge sharing
According to Caroline Bellamy, there is a lot to be gained from having a data centre of excellence within an organisation. But she has a problem with the name and behaviour it encourages. Bellamy is the first chief data officer at ...
Enabling CDOs and the Data RevolutionSponsored
The Chief Data Officer role has gone from anomaly to necessity within the last five years. Find out why that is the case and how to overcome the struggles to achieve data maturity.
The importance of data literacy in the workplace
Most businesses are managing an enormous amount of data. However, simply collecting data isn’t the same as understanding it. Roberto Sigona of Qlik explains why organisations need to improve their data literacy.
Leyre Murillo-Villa – "There is always a solution"
Leyre Murillo-Villar is chief data officer and data control lead at BNP Paribas. She is also a member of the Women in Data 20 in Data and Tech list. She told DataIQ about the need to close the gender gap and how data is at the heart of managing risk.
Addressing the gender gap in STEM industries
The problem with stereotypes is that they linger. There isn’t an informed individual on the planet who would argue that STEM industries (science, technology, engineering and maths) ought to be male-dominated, and yet, these sectors remain imbalanced towards male representation. This is partly down to the aforementioned stereotype that these sectors ought to be “man’s work”.
Lyndsay Weir – Keeping quiet as a female leader
Lyndsay Weir is global data and analytics manager at Nestlé. At the Women in Data conference in November, she was named as one of the new list of female industry role models, the 20 in Data and Tech. She told DataIQ how being a female leader and role model can be done in a quiet way.
Stay informed with DataIQ
Sign up to our newsletter and get the latest to your inbox.
Initials of First Names
Permission Statement
I understand that DataIQ will use my contact information to email me about the products and services described within this email.
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What makes good connector design?
25 November 2020 Editor's Choice Interconnection
Whether they’re used in a commercial aircraft, on a military vehicle or a medical ventilator, very few components are subjected to extreme conditions in the same way as connectors. Here, Ammar Lokhandwalla, customer application engineer at connector specialist PEI-Genesis, explains what makes a good connector design.
According to a 1986 essay by Dr Fred E.H. Schroeder, “The electrical appliance plug is something that Thomas Edison did not invent. It was a curious oversight, because Edison anticipated almost everything that might relate to the incandescent light bulb and its applications.”
You see, the concept of an ‘appliance’ or something that could be readily plugged into a wall outlet didn’t come around until the twentieth century, around two decades after the popularisation of the light bulb. The initial popularity of electric lighting was based on the assumption that these devices would be permanently wired into the house.
Today, engineers across the world consider the complete lifecycle of every component from cradle to grave. A modern A380 aircraft, for example, is made up of some four million individual parts produced by 1500 companies from 30 countries around the world.
Connectors, and more specifically those used in aviation and military applications, must endure extreme conditions. Whether it’s the rapid temperature fluctuations and changes in humidity, to persistent vibration, impacts and signal interference, these cables must operate reliably to ensure their users can get the job done.
Take the industry-standard D38999, for example. This is a military-specification connector that was originally designed in the 1970s and is now on its third-generation design. Like other connectors of its kind, it’s made up of a few basic components: a hard outer shell, a neoprene rubber insert with holes to house the pins, or contacts, and sometimes a backshell on the outer housing that provides additional shielding and durability.
When selecting a connector, engineers must consider a wide variety of properties depending on their application. One of the primary considerations is the choice of materials, for both the electrical terminations and shell housing. For example, although copper offers better electrical and thermal conductivity, aluminium is cheaper and easier to form and plate.
So, while copper may be chosen for high-voltage industrial applications where heat dissipation and conductivity are vital, aluminium may better serve aerospace and military applications where weight and corrosion resistance are more important.
Ingress protection is another consideration. Connectors designed for industrial food and beverage manufacturing must be sealed against water jets to allow equipment and machinery to be washed down between shifts.
This protection extends to marine applications such as those in the oil and gas sector, where equipment may need to be fully submersible for prolonged periods of time. In these applications, it may be necessary to select a polycarbonate connector, with the right O-rings and grommets to provide a moisture seal.
While aluminium is the preferred choice of connector material for many construction, rail, industrial and military applications, it may still need to undergo plating to improve its corrosion resistance, to provide further electromagnetic shielding, and to meet camouflage and colour needs.
For example, some military applications use olive-drab green, a colour that was historically achieved with a toxic cadmium coating. In recent years, this has been replaced with a black zinc nickel plating that meets RoHS and REACH regulations. If engineered correctly, this black plating can deliver the same performance as cadmium coatings and withstand over 500 hours of salt spray.
Soldering vs crimping
Many people may not be aware, but not all connector contacts can be solder-terminated. Under certain extreme conditions, the operating temperature of the application can exceed the melting point of the solder, causing connection failure. For applications where this is a risk, engineers may prefer to specify a crimped connector.
With crimping, contacts are joined to the wire by mechanically squeezing them together to ensure that they remain in contact no matter the temperature. Instead of a soldered connection where the wire is fed through an eyelet or hook and then soldered, crimping involves material being deformed to lock the termination together using a special crimping tool.
Design early, design once
One of the biggest mistakes I see manufacturers make is considering connector design too late in the design process of their product. This often means that a product’s time to market is delayed while the design is reworked.
It’s important to remember that your connector may have physical design constraints like a minimum wire gauge or number of contacts, so it’s vital to consult with your connector supplier early in the process. At PEI-Genesis, we’ve made this problem easy for our customers by offering them a 3D wire model of the connector that customers can drop into their design to see if it fits.
If it doesn’t, our engineering team can help refine or redesign the existing design, or propose a different connector entirely, that meets the specification. This includes changing features like threaded, bayonet and friction fittings, or accessories like backshells, or something simple like a dust cap.
So, while Edison might have made a curious oversight by not inventing the electrical plug, luckily manufacturers don’t have to make the same oversight today by considering the factors that make good connector design.
Credit(s)
IPD Electronics
Email: info@ipdelectronics.com
www: www.ipdelectronics.com
Articles: More information and articles about IPD Electronics
What is device management and why should you care?
25 November 2020, Trinity IoT , Editor's Choice, Telecoms, Datacoms, Wireless, IoT
When device management is implemented alongside a centralised interface, companies can update firmware or software, without the need to manually perform each update in the field.
The A to Z of A2B applications
25 November 2020, Altron Arrow , Editor's Choice, Telecoms, Datacoms, Wireless, IoT
An A2B device’s support for up to 32 channels of downstream audio and upstream audio on the network facilitate the distribution of multiple channels of different audio content within a single system.
Personality profile: Dereck Styane
25 November 2020, Phoenix Contact , Editor's Choice, News
“We do try and develop people and promote them from within the company, so I savour people’s personal growth that I’ve overseen.”
25 November 2020 , Editor's Choice, News
A selection of some of the best products to hit the South African electronic engineering market this year.
Why you don’t take ‘touch’ for granted
30 September 2020 , Editor's Choice
The key criteria for choosing the right sensor control IC Touch has become an incredibly intuitive way for people to interact with high-tech devices. In just a few short years after the first ...
Ask your PCB supplier about reliability, not just capability
28 October 2020, Elmatica , Editor's Choice, Manufacturing / Production Technology, Hardware & Services
Make sure to discuss combinations and how your solution affects risk of failure with the multiple heat cycles required to assemble the product, and the risk of failure in the final application.
How you can help your EMS partner
28 October 2020, Jemstech , Editor's Choice, Manufacturing / Production Technology, Hardware & Services
If you want a good quality, reasonably priced product in a quick turnaround time, always communicate your assembly requirements effectively with your EMS partner.
Practical experience with PCB robotic soldering processes
28 October 2020 , Editor's Choice, Manufacturing / Production Technology, Hardware & Services
Over the past few years there has been a lot of discussion over the need for higher temperature materials and expanding the use and knowledge of high temperature assembly techniques.
TRX welcomes Hannes Taute as new MD
28 October 2020, TRX Electronics , Editor's Choice, News
We delve into his background, what his plans for TRX Electronics are, and how he envisions what the future of the local electronics industry will look like.
Personality profile: Hosia Matlou
28 October 2020 , Editor's Choice
“To make a success in the very niche electronics manufacturing market, I believe it’s important to have experience in both engineering and business management.”
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Home » Robotics startup lands $20 million for grocery fulfillment system
Robotics startup lands $20 million for grocery fulfillment system
Logistics technology startup CommonSense Robotics said today it has raised $20 million in venture capital to support its system of providing warehouse robots for the online grocery delivery sector, and plans to open facilities in the U.S. later this year.
Tel Aviv, Israel-based CommonSense says it can provide profitable, one-hour delivery for online grocery retailers by converting urban retail space into micro-fulfillment centers (MFCs) that are filled with hundreds of small robots that store, sort, and process inventory.
The investment brings the company's total funding to $26 million, and was led by Palo Alto, Calif.-based venture capital firm Playground Global as well as the Israeli venture fund Aleph VC and Innovation Endeavors, the investment firm created by Eric Schmidt, the chairman of Alphabet Inc., Google Inc. parent company.
CommonSense plans to use the additional capital to build more fulfillment centers, develop its next generation of robotics and artificial intelligence (AI), and expand global operations and sales, the company said. The company is currently deploying the first generation of its robots in its first operational facility, and plans to open more fulfillment centers in the U.S., U.K., and Israel this year.
The company's approach to e-grocery fulfillment appears to be similar to that of Takeoff Technologies, a Boston-area startup that is also planning to launch a series of highly automated urban micro-fulfillment centers offering either curbside pickup or home delivery of groceries. But while Takeoff plans to automate its grocery fulfillment centers with robotic shuttle technology provided by logistics solutions provider Knapp AG, CommonSense is developing its own robots.
CommonSense declined to provide further details on its robotic systems, saying through a spokesman they are supplying on-demand fulfillment as a service, not selling the technology itself. However, the company's website features a photograph of plastic totes being carried by small, rectangular vehicles that look similar to the autonomous warehouse robots made by Amazon Robotics, Clearpath Robotics Inc.'s Otto Motors, or Fetch Robotics Inc.
The company says its solution will allow retailers to shorten the grocery supply chain by storing inventory in urban locations close to customers instead of warehouses outside of cities, enabling more affordable, on-demand delivery than grocers can currently provide. "The epicenter of this shift [to on-demand retail] is a drastic change to how food is accessed, bought, paid for, and eventually prepared," CommonSense CEO and co-founder Elram Goren said in a statement.
Material Handling Ergonomic & Assist Equipment
KEYWORDS Aleph Venture Capital CommonSense Robotics Innovation Endeavors KNAPP Logistics Automation, Inc. Playground Global Takeoff Technologies
Locus Robotics lands $26 million investment for warehouse fulfillment bots
Micro-fulfillment center startup Fabric raises $110 million
6 River Systems lands $6 million funding to develop warehouse fulfillment robot
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Home > Our Projects > Supported Projects > Conservation of southern Amazonian marmosets in Brazil
Conservation of southern Amazonian marmosets in Brazil
Rodrigo Costa Araújo
The southern Amazonian marmosets encompass 14 species of primates from genera Mico and Callibella that are commonly known as "marmosets", and occur on south Amazon rainforest. Southern Amazonian Marmosets (SAM) are little studied in the field and thus baseline data on species diversity, distribution and threats is very scarce. At the same time, these primates occur in the most threatened portion of the Amazon rainforest: this region is known as the "Arc of Deforestation" because it suffers the highest rates of forest conversion to human-made landscapes. Under this scenario of large-scale forest reduction in southern Amazonia and the lack of baseline data that could support conservation strategies for SAM, urgent efforts are needed to their protection. Our main goals are (1) to generate baseline data on species diversity, distribution and threats in SAM, (2) to construct a framework for conservation of SAM, and (3) to raise awareness and engagement of stakeholders for the implementation of conservation strategies for SAM. This is a fieldwork-based research because all primary data needed to support conservation of southern Amazonian marmosets must be gathered in the field.
TAXA: Mammal
Project ID: F02304217
Region: Latin America & Caribbean
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Target announces new round of employee bonuses
The retailer will give many hourly employees an extra $200 in the coming weeks
Sarah D. Young Reporter and Editor
Photo (c) Wolterk - Getty Images
To thank its workers who have persevered during the COVID-19 pandemic, Target will be giving out $70 million in bonuses as the holiday shopping season gets underway. The retailer said Monday that more than 350,000 of its hourly employees will get a $200 bonus by early November.
“In a year like no other, I’m proud of what this team has accomplished and grateful for the care and connection they’ve provided our guests and communities,” Melissa Kremer, Target’s chief HR officer, said in a release. “Target’s success this year is a direct result of our team members turning our purpose into action and meeting our guests’ changing needs day after day.”
This isn’t the first round of bonuses Target has distributed amid the pandemic. In April, the retailer gave 20,000 of its team leads bonuses ranging from $250 to $1,500. In July, the company gave all full-time and part-time hourly employees a $200 bonus.
Combined with the bonuses announced Monday, Target said it will have spent almost $1 billion more this year on employee pay. In addition to bonuses, the retailer has also added pandemic-related benefits like backup child care and permanently bumped its starting wages to $15 an hour.
Thanking frontline workers
A number of large retail chains announced that they would be giving out bonuses this year to thank workers for putting their health at risk. However, only Target and Lowe’s have announced that more bonuses are coming ahead of the holiday season. This month, Lowe’s doled out an additional $100 million in bonuses to hourly employees.
Health officials say this year’s holiday shopping season could potentially coincide with an increase in COVID-19 cases. The CDC has warned that cases could rise as temperatures drop and people spend more time inside and around other people.
According to the latest figures compiled by Johns Hopkins University, the U.S. has reported the most COVID-19 cases of any country with over 8,160,000.
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Sarah D. Young
Sarah has been writing and editing for ConsumerAffairs since 2015. Her areas of interest include technology and cybersecurity news, retail news, and home and living news. She is a graduate of Virginia Commonwealth University, an interior design enthusiast, and a mother of two.
Walmart to give hourly workers another bonus this month
Target announces Oct. 13-14 as dates for Target Deal Days
Target pledges to prioritize recruitment of Black employees
Target to close on Thanksgiving due to coronavirus pandemic
CVS, Target to require shoppers to wear a mask in stores
Target raises minimum wage to $15 an hour
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Why Was Belviq Weight-Loss Drug Ever Approved for Consumer Use?
Since the FDA’s recall of Belviq in February 2020 – issued in response to findings that the diet drug increased the risk of cancer in users – questions have been raised about how the controversial weight-loss medication gained approval from the FDA in the first place. If you or someone you know took Belviq to lose weight and subsequently developed lung cancer, colorectal cancer, pancreatic cancer or another type of cancer, you may be entitled to financial compensation through a Belviq cancer lawsuit. Contact a reputable Belviq injury lawyer as soon as possible to find out whether you are eligible to file a claim against Belviq maker Eisai Inc.
FDA Approved Belviq Despite Health Risks
Belviq and Belviq XR are the brand names of the prescription weight-loss medication lorcaserin, a drug approved by the FDA in 2012, after a series of high-profile diet drug recalls and known health problems. Belviq was designed to help obese individuals and overweight individuals with one or more weight-related health problems manage their weight by curbing their appetite and increasing feelings of fullness. However, at the time of Belviq’s approval, some studies had shown that the diet drug was linked to an increased risk of cancer and tumors in rats and there were also concerns about the potential risk of cardiovascular problems tied to the medication. Despite concerns about the possible side effects of Belviq and a lack of data establishing the drug’s effectiveness, the FDA approved Belviq, but on one condition – that the drug manufacturer conduct additional studies to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of the medication.
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Belviq Aggressively Marketed as Weight-Loss Aid
Shortly after Belviq was approved in 2012, the consumer advocacy group Public Citizen published a report calling the FDA’s decision “reckless” and warning that the medication may expose users to serious health risks, including cardiovascular problems, which is a common side effect of diet drugs. “Marketing this drug to a population besieged by obesity and desperate for relief is irresponsible and a mistake that will benefit only the company that makes it,” Public Citizen wrote. At the same time that the makers of Belviq were studying the safety and efficacy of the medication per the FDA’s request, it was being aggressively marketed to consumers trying to lose weight. With other popular diet pills like Fen-Phen banned in the United States, Belviq quickly became the go-to diet drug for obese and overweight individuals, with more than 600,000 prescriptions filled in 2015 alone.
FDA Removes Belviq from the Market
In early 2020, eight years after the drug was originally approved, the FDA issued a drug safety communication notifying patients and healthcare providers that results from the Belviq clinical trial, ordered by the agency in 2012 to evaluate the risk of cardiovascular problems from the weight-loss medication, showed a possible increased risk of cancer with Belviq and Belviq XR. According to the FDA, the trial, which was conducted in 12,000 patients over the court of five years, showed that more patients taking Belviq were diagnosed with cancer compared to those taking a placebo. The cancer types reported by Belviq users varied, the most common being pancreatic, colorectal and lung cancer. Just one month after issuing this Belviq cancer warning, the FDA requested the withdrawal of Belviq from the market, indicating that the potential risk of cancer outweighs the possible weight-loss benefits of the medication.
Belviq Cancer Litigation Continues to Grow
Taking into consideration the fact that concerns about the safety and effectiveness of Belviq as a weight-loss aid predated the drug’s approval and the disastrous history of other dangerous diet pills like Fen-Phen, Meridia and ephedra, all of which have been banned in the United States, it is a wonder that the FDA allowed Belviq to be sold to consumers at all. In fact, Belviq attorneys across the country are currently reviewing individual claims on behalf of Belviq users who have been diagnosed with cancer, as well as class action claims on behalf of consumers who took Belviq and are now seeking reimbursement from the drug manufacturer for the cost of the medical monitoring they now require due to the risk of cancer. If you or someone you love has been diagnosed with cancer and you believe the diagnosis is related to the use of the diet drug Belviq, do not hesitate to seek legal help. Consult a knowledgeable Belviq cancer attorney right away to discuss your claim.
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ConTech Gallery
CMC 16 Session Recap: How to Craft a Global Content Strategy
by Byron White | Jul 27, 2016 | CMC News & Announcements | 0 comments
Because anything on the Internet has the potential to reach a global audience, it’s technically easy to market to anyone around the world. The challenge is that you need to take into account the different needs, expectations, and cultures of each country that you want to reach, if you want your international push to be effective. At the 2016 Content Marketing Conference, WriterAccess CEO and Conference Chair Byron White addressed these challenges with a panel of region-specific experts at a session entitled “How to Craft a Global Content Strategy.”
With 30 to 50 markets, each with its own distinctive culture, language, needs, and expectations inside its own borders, China arguably exemplifies the challenges of content marketing in Asia more than any other country. According to panelist Josh Steimle, even in urban areas like Beijing, Shanghai, and Shenzen, the markets are completely different. Josh is the CEO of digital marketing firm MWI. Based in Hong Kong, he helps US companies enter Asian markets and Asian companies enter US markets.
His greatest challenge is that digital marketing in China is about ten years behind the US and is trying to catch up. The biggest social media platforms in Hong Kong are Facebook and Instagram. Reigning supreme are Weibo, the local version of Twitter, and WeChat, a mobile voice and text messaging service, which has expanded into the global arena. In contrast to their freewheeling counterparts in the USA, these Chinese social media sites require real-name registration and face heavy censorship.
Asia represents a big opportunity for content marketers since the practice now forms up to a quarter of corporate budgets. That percentage may grow to half soon. Right now, only four companies compete for content marketing business, using Pay-Per-Click as the primary metric. They consider SEO and content as unpredictable.
Josh advised that human translators from the target market area are necessary because of the different styles of speaking and dialects. The Mandarin spoken in Shanghai differs from that spoken in Beijing. A local translator is also likely to understand local market forces, such as food preferences. In general, the Chinese do not like Chinese food products. They prefer Western, especially US, brands, which are respected as safe, with good quality control. A translator would most likely keep the Western feel to market an imported food product, rather than translate it to Chinese.
Even in Hong Kong, the audience is diverse, consisting of the local Chinese, Western expats, and guest workers from India, the Philippines, and Indonesia. Few people have desktops or laptops. Most use cellphones: even nine-year-olds rely on the small screen and bike riders text all the time. For the local Chinese population, humor is very effective.
Even though Europe is a little behind with content marketing, about 71 percent of European marketers create more content now than last year. This is according to Laura Pepitone, Global Translation Manger for WriterAccess. She hails from The Netherlands, where e-commerce is so big that it prompts retailers to rely on SEO. However, many in that country are still skeptical of that strategy because of unwanted reliance on Google’s practices.
The main challenge for Europe is coming up with an effective strategy for international and multilingual content. It’s difficult to determine what content to translate into what languages and for what countries. This is despite the fact that Europeans are more comfortable dealing with different cultures and languages due to having many countries in a small space.
For content, social media is big and blogging is popular. Informational descriptions and how-to’s are devoured because they’re seen as practical. Mobile content is more prevalent than in the US.
The Middle East is about five or ten years behind the USA with content marketing, says Amid Vyas, CEO of Nexa Digital in Dubai. However, the locals stay extensively connected through social media like Facebook, Instagram, and Snapchat, which have been used to overthrow governments. Many Middle Eastern companies are still deciding if they need websites because they already have strong social media presence.
Content marketers have to walk the fine line between thought leadership and what you should not say. Bloggers are still arrested in the region, although not in Dubai. White papers are popular and the use of Google and Facebook is higher than in the USA. YouTube video reigns in Saudi Arabia because the country does not have movies and faces a lot of censorship. Finding local talent and other sources of content marketing expertise is problematic.
For Arabic, translation is typically done manually and then vetted by verification proofreaders because local Arabic has several flavors. Simplicity and brevity are key. Longer texts increase the chances of censorship. Humor works well but can be difficult because as many as 150 nationalities with different senses of humor can live in one country. Content marketing is cheaper because it’s tax free. For example, advertising on Instagram and Facebook is 60 percent cheaper in the UAE although it costs more through Facebook.
Good Translation
One point that all three panelists had in common was the need for good translation. Locally nuanced translation of your content for one country, or an entire region, such as Asia, Europe, or the Middle East, are critical. You need plenty of linguistic and cultural resources. Without accurate and appropriate translation, you won’t know if you’ve done anything wrong until you publish your content and the complaints start rolling in. Third-party experts who understand content marketing and the need to tailor it for local customers around the world can help you avoid this pitfall.
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Counterfire log in
Lecturers' strike day one: A bad day for the casino
Written by Chris Nineham
Published in Latest News
Students on the picket line at Bristol University, supporting their lecturers, 22nd February 2018. Photo: Jack Hazeldine
University strikers across the country are reporting the most successful and well supported industrial action for years
'Casinos are for the rich to gamble in. They are not places to put our wages.' That is how one Manchester lecturer summed up the spirit behind the growing rebellion over pensions in the universities. A colleague reported a mood of anger and determination at the university, 'At least 15 buildings had their separate entrances well covered by staff angry at another great pension robbery. Most people were surprised by the turnout and then overjoyed to see a student march turn up soon after 8am!'
When asked about lobbying for compensation for lectures cancelled a social science student said ‘lecturers didn’t set the price tag, in fact, they marched against fees. Education isn't fifty quid a lecture, it doesn’t work like that.’ A striker reported 'The atmosphere across campus was vibrant with busy pickets and students delivering coffee and breakfast. I am in no doubt our employers got a clear message that the feeling here is very angry and determined.
Students in support on the picket line at Manchester University
Unity grows...
In Bristol University hundreds of staff gathered for a 10.30 rally when a march of hundreds of militant students turned up chanting 'students and workers unite.' As one university worker said 'Within in half an hour a crowd of two thousand had gathered outside senate house'. UCU reps, students and other unionists bringing solidarity all called for staff and students to unite and fight against cuts and marketisation across the board.They then set off on an impromptu march into the centre, town stopping traffic and getting a huge amount of support from passers-by.
A student activist at Cardiff University said the atmosphere on campus was 'amazing'. 'Everyone is talking about the strike. Most students weren't going to classes.' He only knew one lecturer who had gone in to work. After picketing, hundreds of staff and students gathered for a rally addressed by Labour and Plaid Cymru Assembly members amongst others. He had helped organise a meeting the day before the strike through the Peoples Assembly and other organisations where UCU members were explaining the situation to students. About 60 people turned up and that meant there was a core of students who really knew the arguments. Student health workers who had tried to picket their building were forced to move by police and security because they were told it was NHS property. They ended up getting a fantastic reception when they formed 'a kind of flying picket' marching around the campus to boost activists across the university.
Despite problems at Birmingham University, where there has had to be a re-ballot, Aston university lecturers in Birmingham also had a very big picket with what an activist called 'a determined and defiant mood'. He said lots of students were taking the unions leaflets and almost all of the students they were talking to blamed the management rather than the union for the disruption.
At Glasgow University UCU activists had decided on a show of strength at one gate on the first day. Sure enough, more than one hundred turned out including a lot of students. One activist said it was 'the first time I have ever been on a picket where we actually stopped vans and lorries coming in. On top of that, we got loads of people hooting their support.' After picketing they marched into the centre of the city to join strikers and students from other Glasgow campuses and universities.
At SOAS in central London, there were at least 200 people involved in picketing through the morning and creating a real buzz. This follows an amazing rally the night before when 300 students and staff packed the Junior Common Room to hear UCU speakers, reps from the cleaners and Owen Jones. The strike has had a big impact. A UCU member reports 'most classes have been cancelled and very few students have come on to the campus.'
... and so does the union
After effective picketing in the early morning, Goldsmith's University workers in South East London held a huge rally at the university gates where students would normally be flooding through the doors. Messages of support were read out, and various workers took to the mic to attack not just the slashing of pensions, but the whole phenomenon of marketisation. Shadow Chancellor John McDonnell turned up to support the strikers and told them “You are standing up for the whole Labour movement. While they cut taxes for the bankers, we fight back, for our pay and our pensions.”
In her speech to the rally, Sally Hunt, General Secretary of the UCU reported a poll showing that three-fifths of students support the strikes, with students at universities affected by the strike showing more support. She also told the crowd of how this strike was headline news across all of the media, and how it would give strength to workers across all sectors to fight back. At a time, where the lack of union membership is often a source of dismay for many on the left, Hunt reported 5000 new members over the recent weeks, consisting mainly of new young lecturers, librarians, and administration staff. Not bad for a start.
Lecturers and supporters on the picket line at Goldsmiths University
Pass this resolution supporting the strike in your union branch or CLP
If you enjoyed this article please donate to Counterfire
'They think we are weak - they could not be more wrong': Goldsmiths kicks off against pension cuts
Biggest ever strike in higher education? UCU members prepare to defend pensions
What you can do to support the lecturers' strike
University strikes: employers’ retreat needs to be nailed down
Lecturers' strike updates: Striking to win
Tagged under: Trade Union Students Strike UCU Privatisation Cuts Tories Pensions University
Chris Nineham
Chris Nineham is a founder member of Stop the War and Counterfire, speaking regularly around the country on behalf of both. He is author of The People Versus Tony Blair and Capitalism and Class Consciousness: the ideas of Georg Lukacs.
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Covid: a Tory-made crisis - Counterfire Bulletin October 2020
Trotsky in the Bronze Age
In this incisive and accessible analysis, Dominic Alexander shows how Trotsky’s theory of combined and uneven development illuminates how technology and society interact
Marx and the Climate Crisis
Elaine Graham-Leigh shows how Marx's analysis of capitalism explains the climate breakdown and how we fight for system change to protect people and the planet
As It Happened: Briefings From Two Years of Turmoil, 2017-2019
A selection of Lindsey German's briefings from the 2017 to the 2019 general elections which present an analysis of Corbynism and the state of British...
The British State: A Warning
As the left prepares for the possibility of taking power, Chris Nineham's timely new book analyses the British state and what the left can expect
The Corbyn Project: Dreams and Dangers
In this new timely book, John Rees analyses the Corbyn project from the moment Corbyn became Leader of the Labour Party in 2015 till today
Produced by @adycousins
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COUNTRY IN THE UK
The Live Lounge
2021 Album Reviews
8 Essential Questions
Quick Fire Five
QuaranTen
The London Quiz
The Sit Down
Live in The Studio
Live in The Studio-ish
LITS- Photo Gallery
Live From The Couch
Fan Questions
All Music Matters Podcast
UK Country Music Week 2020
Country in the UK Magazine
The Country Tribune
Country Flight
Live Guide
Nashville Meets London
Buckle and Boots
Country2Country
Country2Country 2018
Country Music Week
Country Shopping
Jamie's top 5 albums of 2020
Well as unique as the experience of 2020 has been and there have been many things that have not gone to plan, the quality and depth of new music has really shone through.
To pick just 5 albums from this year is a lot tougher than I thought! There were so many badass records that came so close for me: The depth and honesty behind Lindsay Ell’s “Heart Theory”, impressive and highly evolved debuts from Gabby Barrett & Tenille Townes, eagerly anticipated follow ups from Cam & The Chicks which were definitely worth waiting for, the exciting blend of bringing different sounds into country with The Mavericks incredible Spanish language record “En Español” and global EDM megastar Diplo sharing his first release under his Thomas Wesley moniker, then finally the absolutely divinely pure and beautiful “Cold Comfort” from Ruthie Collins would all typically be guaranteed to be in a piece like this.
The standard in country and Americana has been so high this year, which is the case across all genres when you bring “Folklore” by Taylor Swift or Haim’s “Women in Music Pt. III” or the generation defining “Future Nostalgia,” which for me easily deserves to land Dua Lipa the big prize at next year’s Grammy’s but these 5 records for me all belong in that same conversation that regardless of genre are albums that you absolutely need to own!
The Dream - Hailey Whitters
The sophomore record from Iowa born and raised Hailey Whitters came five years after her debut and the release back in February through Pigasus Records via Big Loud Records / Songs & Daughters is a real reflection of hard work coming to fruition after being twelve years in to a “Ten Year Town” as she describes it in the records opener. This is one of the purest, most genuine and real records to come out of music city in a long time which features some of Nashville’s songwriting elite such as Lori McKenna, Brandy Clark, Nicolle Galyon and Hillary Lindsey joining with Whitters in the writing process in addition to a song written by the great Chris Stapleton. There are so many relatable themes throughout this record with heavy focus on determination, not giving up and still holding true to where you came from like in the beautiful “Heartland” that you find really inspiring and want to be part of “The Dream” yourself.
Wild World – Kip Moore
We are all fascinated on a yearly basis by our musical moment of truth that is our end of year stats from Spotify! It doesn’t lie and let’s you see how cool or uncool your musical taste has been over the past twelve months which for me told me that Kip Moore and “Wild World” was my complete go-to! I completely hold my hands up and say how late I was to the Kip party but whether it was a random encounter (where my friend didn’t recognise him but started talking to him about his upcoming gig in London) in Adele’s over in Nashville or his mind blowing set at The Long Road or the fact he is a fellow Cowboys fan or just having THAT voice finally connecting, I COMPLETELY GET IT! This album takes you anywhere you need to go in any situation. Sing-a-longs, reflection or just listening to him vocally is absolutely the destination for all your ups and downs in 2020 that we can’t wait to hear live!
kelsea / ballerini – Kelsea Ballerini
You don’t need to listen to both versions of this record to fully appreciate and enjoy the album but the pair of them together allow you to understand, completely relate and absolutely fall in love with every aspect of these songs. Like her debut and sophomore releases, Kelsea wrote or co-wrote every single track on this project but this time she also sat in the producer’s chair and the overall result of the entire project grabs at your heartstrings where you feel I totally get that or have been through that and relate to it or it can help me through something whether you are from a small town in the Southern states of the USA or a big city anywhere in the world! The heart of a country song is the lyrics which the second version of the record “ballerini” allows you to appreciate through the stripped back authenticity whilst the soul of the song or the way you feel it comes from the arrangement or production which “kelsea” completely brings. Then when you consider this, it beautifully portrays here is a story that doesn’t change but no matter how you tell it, the message is still the same! The songwriting is so transferable and relatable, there are stories for every mood, the added magic of both Halsey and Kenny Chesney on the original version, it proves a great song is a great song which you can open up creatively to still bring the same message combined with a dynamic sound and finally it includes co-writes with Julia Michaels and a certain Ed Sheeran!
Skeletons – Brothers Osborne
Simply as a music fan, like you are as you are reading this, one of the most frustrating things about this year and the pandemic which has virtually halted seeing gigs in person is that this album has not had the opportunity to be properly played live yet! This record NEEDS to be played live!!!!!!! T.J. and John Osborne for me, don’t just knock the ball out of the park when it comes to live shows, that ball gets smashed out of the country in a way that is one of the (if not the) best live experience in country music based on the noise, the energy and the engagement where you walk out thinking how do these guys keep getting better each time you see them? What is so great about this record is they have built on their first two albums, they have not played around with what they are doing but absolutely refined it to perfection which you really pick up and this record really speaks to you. From the second I first got sent a copy of this album I could not stop playing it. It’s poignant, it’s uplifting, it’s infectious, we finally get to hear John take lead vocal a verse (on what is the catchiest and most relatable song to anyone alive) and as soon as the pandemic ends, there are a lot of arenas about to get their roofs blown off!
Saturn Return – The Secret Sisters
Saturn Return is an astrological period derived from the time taken for ringed gas giant and sixth planet from the sun to return to the same point in the sky as when you were born, which although difficult to pinpoint a precise timescale, takes approximately 29 years and coincides with significant changes within our lives. The fourth studio album from Laura and Lydia Rogers explores their journey and change through the end of their twenties and into their early thirties along with the life events that occur. Like its predecessor “You Don’t Own Me” the record was released through New West Records, was once again produced by Brandi Carlile along with the Hanseroth twins and also is Grammy nominated once more in the “Best Folk Album” category. These 10 songs form a cohesive story that provides a deep, poignant and powerful journey conveying so many emotions and experiences that when you consider the concept behind the album title it is one of the most reflective and relatable records you will come across. The sisters from Muscle Shoals in Alabama have a mystical harmony driven sounds that intertwines the ‘genre boundaries’ of country, Americana and folk which is such an enticing sound to deliver the glorious work of art that is one of the strongest and most progressive offerings with a Nashville connection in the year 2020!
True country music is honesty, sincerity, and real life to the hilt.
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Government National Politics
Trump Vows to Continue Fighting Georgia Election Results
January 4, 2021 January 4, 2021 DANIEL JACKSON
2020 elections, Donald Trump, Elections, Georgia, rally
President Donald Trump speaks during a campaign rally for Senator Kelly Loeffler and David Perdue, at Dalton Regional Airport,Monday in Dalton, Ga. (AP Photo/Evan Vucci)
DALTON, Georgia (CN) — At a get-out-the-vote rally for Georgia’s Senate runoff elections, President Donald Trump told supporters Monday evening that he would work against Georgia officials who have not worked with him to undermine the results of the race he recently lost in the state.
“I’m going to be here in a year and a half and I’m going to be campaigning against your governor and your crazy secretary of state,” Trump said to cheers from the crowd at the rally in Dalton, Georgia.
The president’s comments come as Georgia Republicans hope to turn out supporters in Tuesday’s runoff elections. The stakes are Georgia’s two seats in the U.S. Senate and control of the chamber as a new administration takes charge.
Trump expressed displeasure with the U.S. Supreme Court, which said he lacked standing to bring some of his lawsuits challenging the election, and Georgia Governor Brian Kemp, who appointed Senator Kelly Loeffler a year ago but was absent from Monday’s rally.
“I hope Mike Pence comes through for us, I have to tell you,” Trump said. “I hope that our great vice president, our great vice president, comes through for us. He’s a great guy. Of course, if he doesn’t come through, I won’t like him quite as much.”
Trump spoke to supporters at the Dalton Municipal Airport with Marine One parked behind him.
GOP emails sent before the event billed it as a victory rally. But Trump painted a dire picture should David Perdue and Loeffler’s challengers, Democrats Jon Ossoff and Reverend Raphael Warnock, respectively, should win the state.
“If we don’t do something fast, there will never be another fair election in America,” Trump said. “We’re known for elections and now we’re being laughed at all over the world about this last election. And you’ve got to swarm it tomorrow.”
At the rally, Loeffler briefly took to the microphone to say she planned to object to the certification of the electoral college vote on Jan. 6, the day after voters will decide her fate in the chamber.
“We’re going to get this done,” Loeffler said. “Look, this president fought for us. We’re fighting for him.”
Northwest Georgia has historically offered Trump and Republicans a bastion of support.
Additionally, it has a personal connection for Trump as his second wife Marla Maples grew up in the Dalton area and he even visited the city with her in the early 1990s.
This time, Trump came to the hills of northwest Georgia days after audio of a call showed him asking the Georgia Secretary of State, and cajoling and threatening the election official, to “find” 11,780 votes — the margin he narrowly lost the state during the general election.
He touched down in northwest Georgia the same day U.S. Attorney for the Northern District of Georgia Byung Pak announced his resignation, effective the same day. Trump appointed Pak in 2017.
According to the website Talking Points Memo, Pak had previously signaled he planned to leave his office on Inauguration Day.
Trump baselessly claimed there were thousands of instances of improper and illegal voting in the state by margins wide enough to affect his reelection efforts.
But those claims were already rebutted by Gabriel Sterling, a top official with the Georgia Secretary of State’s office, at a press conference earlier that day he dubbed “anti-disinformation Monday.”
Saying the president’s team is seemingly intentionally misleading people, Sterling said the Georgia Secretary of State’s office has better data than the president.
These claims are easily proved false, Sterling said, “Yet the president persists.”
← Statehouses Could Prove to Be Hothouses for Virus Infection
Electoral Count Act →
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The Poopy Diaper Vinyl Thread
Faceplams: 14
Page 12 of 12 First ... 2 10 11 12
Thread: The Poopy Diaper Vinyl Thread
muad'nin
Sparkwood and 21
I thought posters to this thread might appreciate this.
My favourite Australian band TISM are releasing their first work in almost twenty years, and it’s a 100 minute album on vinyl, which consists solely of silence. The relevant parts of the press release follow -
With its lesser dynamic range, worse signal-to-noise ratio, inferior channel separation, variation in playback speed, limited sound capacity, and susceptibility to heat, dust and damge, vinyl is an inexplicably re-emerging gimmick for pox-addled hair-lipped shut-ins who are trying too hard to compensate for their goitered lives.
But why pay for multiple TISM albums in vinyl format when you can buy only one? The TISM Omni-Album is an all-purpose album cover containing liner notes, artwork and song listings suitable for all six TISM albums. The TISM Deluxe Omni-Album comes with an actual vinyl disc, filled with 100 minutes of total silence, so as not to detract from the sound quality and thereby allowing you to savour the full vinyl experience: you will extract the soon-to-be scratched disc from the soon-to-be bent cover, place it on a revolving turntable powered by the latest in 1920s technology, and then attempt to drop a tiny, fragile and expensive needle on to an inconsistently revolving wax groove.
With the TISM Deluxe Omni-Album, all the features of analogue listening are yours: turntable rumble, extraneous cartridge noise, clicks and pops as the stylus hits dust, and of course, the repetitive insanity of a needle endlessly skipping over the permanently damaged surface. And remember, with The TISM Deluxe Omni-Album's carefully mastered total silence, you can listen to TISM's music in any non-analogue format you choose (these formats are available for separate purchase.) The TISM Deluxe Omni-Album is the ultimate TISM listening experience.
Needless to say, as a fan I picked up a copy... And if it’s not clear, TISM spent their entire career taking the piss out of popular culture, their fans and themselves (they have a song called ‘TISM Are Shit’, so none of it is to be taken that seriously).
Panel K, Simulation
Originally Posted by muad'nin
That's hilarious. I own and play vinyl, and sometimes I wonder why. It is a LOT of trouble and a couple years into it I still doubt the whole experience. But then again, since the internet seems to be causing the destruction of the whole world and flooding us with misinformation and enslaving us to social media, maybe these plastic discs will be the only thing we care about in 20 years when we lives down in the tunnels.
tony.parente
Captain Rustleboots
If that press release isn't directly inspired by the pretentious not at all tongue in cheek vinyl mission statement i'll eat my shoe haha
Also I feel like they asked @Helpmeiaminhell to write the first section of that description.
Last edited by tony.parente; 11-02-2020 at 12:48 PM.
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Hedge funds after SAC
Edge fund
SAC Capital’s legal troubles have wider ramifications
Finance & economicsAug 3rd 2013 edition
FOUR-LETTER words are no rarity on trading floors. Few are likely to cause greater alarm nowadays than “edge”, the term for one investor’s nebulous advantage over others. In America authorities seem to have concluded that “edge” is little more than a euphemism for insider trading. On July 25th a slew of American federal agencies backed a criminal case against SAC Capital, a hedge-fund behemoth they have long suspected of profiting from dodgy information. The now-dirty word features 14 times in their indictment.
Hedge funds dealing in equities have long promised “edge” to justify their exorbitant fees. Few had more of it than SAC, which, perhaps not coincidentally, also charged the highest fees—up to half the profits it generated for investors. Even then, it was among the most successful of its peers, which together invest around $1 trillion in stockmarkets.
The authorities claim that SAC’s advantage was ill-gotten. A handful of existing and former SAC staff have already been convicted or pleaded guilty to insider trading. The July 25th indictment offers plenty of colour around its alleged transgressions. SAC apparently hired one trader partly because he shared a Hamptons holiday home with the finance chief of a listed company; the implication is presumably that SAC thought him likely to share upcoming quarterly results over sundowners. Seized e-mails allege illicit encounters with company insiders, and subsequent trades based on them.
Steven Cohen, SAC’s founder and the man whose initials it borrowed for its name, faces no personal criminal charges, though recently filed civil charges (which he denies) could see him barred from trading. SAC itself has pleaded not guilty and pledged to keep on operating as before. Crucially, none of the Wall Street banks it needs to carry out its trades has so far publicly repudiated it. But most outside investors are reportedly in the process of pulling their money, downsizing SAC to its founder’s $9 billion fortune.
SAC’s troubles are also rippling through the wider industry. Investors are nervous about being connected to anything that could attract watchdogs’ wrath. Institutions such as pension funds, which now provide most of hedge funds’ outside money, are particularly anxious. They want to see energetic in-house compliance teams who can demonstrate they are weeding out bad behaviour. “If you haven’t fired someone for insider trading, investors will ask you why not,” says a marketing boss at a large fund. Any use of “expert networks”, firms which set up meetings between hedgies and staff working at companies, are frowned upon, if not banned outright.
But policing ambitious, bonus-fuelled traders can be tough. “It’s hard to tell staff they need to find all the information they possibly can about a company, but never come across anything that could be categorised as inside information,” says one compliance chief. And cynics point out that some equity hedge funds have delivered ho-hum profits ever since authorities have clamped down on insider trading. In fact, in the calendar years since 2008 they have either lost money or failed to beat the market. If having an “edge” attracts unwelcome attention, not having one is not much better.
This article appeared in the Finance & economics section of the print edition under the headline "Edge fund"
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Cardinals release Floyd | Shark Bites | Draft Sharks
Cardinals release Floyd
Michael Floyd, WR UNS
The Cardinals have released WR Michael Floyd. It's a fitting end to a disastrous contract season. Floyd dropped too many passes, tallied just 446 yards and was arrested for DUI earlier this week. He's still only 27 with a 6'2 frame and a 1,000-yard season on his resume, so work won't be hard to find. J.J. Nelson figures to operate as Arizona's #2 WR the rest of the way. He's a boom/bust WR3 for this Sunday's game against the Saints.
Floyd's Weekly Predictions >
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View all Michael Floyd Shark Bites
Saints add Floyd
8:08am EDT 8/1/18
The Saints signed WR Michael Floyd on Tuesday. This would have been big fantasy news a few years ago. Now it's barely worth mentioning. Floyd has totaled just 47 catches across the past 2 seasons, including 10 with the Vikings last year. He'll battle for the #5 WR spot in New Orleans behind Michael Thomas, Cameron Meredith, Ted Ginn and Tre'Quan Smith. Even if he wins that spot, Floyd would need a couple of injuries ahead of him on the depth chart to have a shot at fantasy relevance.
"Sizable role" for Floyd?
5:08pm EDT 8/5/17
Vikings insider Ben Goessling expects WR Michael Floyd to have a "sizable role" this year. That, of course, would be after he serves his 4-game suspension to open the season. Floyd got reps with the 1st-team offense this past week with Laquon Treadwell sidelined with a minor injury. “[He’s looked] pretty dang good,” HC Mike Zimmer said. “He’s made probably the most contested of anybody in the camp. He’s a big, physical body, which helps in the run game, and I think he’s done a nice job in the routes. Some of the routes, he’s a little faster than he looks.” There's some opportunity in Minnesota behind WR Stefon Diggs, but that suspension makes Floyd not worth drafting. We'll see if he emerges as a waiver-wire target in Week 5 and beyond.
Floyd gets 4-game ban
4:47pm EDT 7/14/17
Vikings WR Michael Floyd has been suspended 4 games for violating the league's substance abuse policy. He was popped for DUI in December and then violated the terms of his house arrest when he tested positive for alcohol in June. We'll see whether Minnesota opts to hang on to him, but Floyd has dropped clear off the redraft radar. Stefon Diggs, Adam Thielen and Laquon Treadwell will open the season as the Vikings' top 3 WRs.
Vikings sticking by Floyd
Vikings WR Michael Floyd was sentenced to 1 day in jail for violating terms of his probation. He reportedly failed 5 alcohol tests over a 2-day span in June -- after being arrested for DUI back in December. The Vikings are sticking by Floyd, though. "We believe Michael will be a productive member of the organization, both on and off the field," GM Rick Spielman said in a statement. "... We expect him to be with the team at the start of training camp in Mankato when the players report on July 26." Floyd is likely looking at a suspension from the league and is still off the fantasy radar for now.
Floyd tests positive for alcohol
12:11pm EDT 6/16/17
Vikings WR Michael Floyd tested positive for alcohol last week, according to TMZ Sports. Floyd, of course, is under house arrest and not allowed to drink after his December DUI arrest. He could now face jail time for the violation. We'll see whether the Vikings decide to hang on to him.
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Dreamtime Traveler
In the Winds of Change We Always Find Our Direction
MY DREAMING
Grand Turks and Caicos
MY CAMINO
Preparing for the Camino de Santiago: At a Crossroads
PHASE 1 – Bootcamp
DAY 1: The Day of Ups And Downs And Ups Again!
DAY 2: San Sebastian to Zarautz
DAY 3 & 4: Rediscovering Rejuvenation
DAY 5: Blood, Sweat and Smiles!
DAY 6: Walking in Bolívar’s Origins
DAY 7: Racing to a Red Light
PHASE 2 – I Will Survive
DAY 8-9: No need for Bells and Whistles!
DAYS 10-12: The Friends We Make Along ‘The Way’
DAY 13: Laredo – Güemes: THE WAY The Eagles Fly
DAY 14: Sand Storms, Sea Spray and the Sanctuary of Santa Cruz de Bezana
DAY 15: I Will Survive!
DAY 16: Comillas – Dominion of the Angel
DAY 17: New Neighbours
PHASE 3 – Fire Under My Feet
DAY 18: The Adventures of Lilac Brown and Steve the Rock
DAY 19: The Day We Walked Through Poo to Receive Sanctuary
DAY 20: La Isla Bonita
DAY 21: A Thirsty Day to Wash Away
DAY 22: Slowly I turned… step by step – inch by inch!
DAY 23: Industrial Nature
Day 24: A Walk to The Twilight Zone
DAY 25: Sunshine, Rainshine
DAY 26: Mud, Mayonnaise and a Majestic Sunset
PHASE 4 – On Our Own Way
DAY 27: In the Heart of the Asturias
DAY 28: Cat Up a Tree
DAY 29: Bridge to Ribadeo
DAY 30: Mirma and the Cathedrals of the Sea
DAY 31: So Close, Yet So Far…
DAY 32: The Enchanted Forest
PHASE 5 – Don’t Stop Believin’
DAY 33: The Last Blacksmith
DAY 34: A Walk Down Memory Lane
DAY 35: Storm and Sanctuary
DAY 36: Walking on Eggshells
DAY 37: Where the Sun Meets the Sky
DAY 38: The Road to Santiago
The Last Stamp – Reminiscence of an 828 Kilometre Walk
Journey to the Living Descendants of the Incas – Part 1
The six of us almost tumbled out of the taxi, with our food, camping equipment, buckets, candles, backpacks and butane gas canisters overwhelming the normally micro-sized taxis of Cusco. It seemed we had one minute to get the last bus out of town that was heading towards the small village of Paucartambo, our destination for the evening. Luis Pinelo, our venerable guide, sprung from the cab, his body bursting into a sprint to find our bus at the bus station. As he ran, he instructed the cab driver to start removing our gear and for us to get our backpacks on. Luis returned within two minutes, allaying our worries, telling us the bus would wait. We knew it would… it wasn’t ever day that you embark on a journey to meet the living descendants of the Incas.
It was 3 minutes before 3 o’clock in the afternoon when the overcrowded Peruvian Bus I was sitting on, finally set off down the curved roads of the bustling city. It had been a mad dash this morning to acquire the necessary supplies we would require for our wilderness excursion. After a tiring 4 hours of shopping, including traversing Cusco’s main market, teeming with people of all ages and sizes, I was grateful just to be able to sit down. Earlier in the day at our hotel, our guide Luis had introduced us to Francisco Machacca Quispe, a kind man dressed in handloom woven rainbow clothing. He was chewing a handful of Coca Leaves that he kept in a woven pouch which hung at his waist. He was a High Priest of his Community in Q’eros, and we would be staying at his place once we arrived. Francisco spoke only limited Spanish, as his first language was the native Quechuan, but we managed to converse well enough with hand gestures and the occasional Spanish expression. Our week-long adventure commenced with the sharp jolts and turns of the autobus. Our destination: The Choa Choa Annex of the Haton Q’ero Community, high up in the Alps of the Peruvian Andes Mountains where we were going to be living with the direct descendants of the Incas.
The idea of this trip had first entered our thoughts when we had arrived in Cusco after a 26-hour-long bus ride and much motion sickness – due to the rapid change in altitude, having come from the flat desert plains of Nasca. Once we had arrived at our hotel and shared with the manager our desire not only to visit Machu Picchu, but also for an opportunity to connect with an authentic indigenous community, there was only one person he knew of that had real connections. At first, we were a bit sceptical but once we met the humorous and kind-hearted Luis, we knew that we were in very good hands. He had proposed the notion of our week-long excursion up to the Q’eros Community, but he made it clear that it was an arduous journey due to its remoteness, altitude and its lack of developed roads. He questioned whether, we, Lalika and I as children, would be able to walk 15-20 km on the mountain tops and it was only after the repeated reassurances of our parents that he confessed the trip he was planning was very special. In fact in the 14 years that he had been a guide, he had only ever taken one other person to the community he was thinking of, and that person was a Japanese National Geographic Photographer. At the time, we could only imagine what lay ahead, but now, we were about to find out.
An abrupt shout broke me out of my trance “Bajo!” someone yelled from the back of the bus. “Bajo!” Immediately, everyone who was standing in the aisle of the bus bobbed down so that from the outside they couldn’t be seen. A police car whizzed by, and after the siren had receded into the distance, everyone stood back up. I was at first quite alarmed, as this happened quite often, and I began wondering why on earth everyone was crouching down while the Police drove past. Our guide, Luis, soon put my worries to rest. “The bus driver has oversold the tickets,” he explained. “It is against this bus’ policy to have extra people, but the driver can make an additional profit and these people need to get to their destinations and they can’t afford to wait for the next day’s bus. It works, just so long as no authorities see, which is why they all crouch down when a police car comes by.” ‘Bajo’ translates to ‘Down’ in Spanish and we quickly got used to the sudden drop from our fellow passengers until the red and blue police lights were out of sight.
The bus ride was about 3 hours long. Lalika and I played “Hangman, Countries’ Capitals” to pass the time. The still warm end-of-Summer weather of Cusco immediately started to change to rain and cold, as we ascended to 3900 meters and exchanged a paved highway for a wet and muddy mountain road. Surprisingly my motion sickness wasn’t present, and I was able to enjoy the trip without worrying about a paper bag. Just as I finished writing “Ouagadougou,” the capital of Burkina Faso, under the dim bus lights Luis stood up and announced that we had arrived. “We’re already in the Q’eros Community!?” I asked confused.
“No,” Luis said patiently, we have arrived in Paucartambo, the small town we are staying in before we head up to our destination tomorrow.”
The sky was the colour of midnight blue as we exited the bus and began to unload the tonne of camping supplies that were coming along for the journey. A couple of guys jumped up from their roadside tables where they were playing chess under small lanterns and offered to cart our stuff for a small fee. Luis accepted, and after making sure all was safe, with a considerably light load on our backs, we started to make our way through the gas lamp lit town to find accommodation for the night.
Luis strutted down the road, seeming to know exactly where we were going. We stopped in front of a large wooden gate on which the paint was peeling off. We stepped inside to find a barely lit courtyard that was caked in the remains of the afternoon’s rainstorm. Mud was strewn everywhere. We gingerly hopped across the worst parts (not so easy with luggage) and came to a row of half-open doors. We stepped inside one and immediately gasped. This is what one room looked like: four tiny single beds were squashed in the room together preventing movement in-between; the covers and pillows had a thick layer of dust and dead bugs covering it; one lightbulb hung from the ceiling from where the electric wires were visible and occasionally sparked and crackled. In addition to the bugs on the bed, spiders and mosquitos were at war with each other and every minute I heard the sickly smack of a mosquito flying into a sticky net and then watched horrified as the spider rolled up his dinner and bit into its bloody flesh. There was no bathroom; Luis said that we could use the corner of the courtyard. At first, I thought he was joking but obviously he wasn’t because we did catch glimpses of suspiciously looking human excrement. Also, the door had no lock. We looked at this room and gulped.
Luis re-entered the room and said “Good, right? Now we go have dinner!”
“Ahh Luis, one moment please,” Dad took our guide by the arm and quietly asked him if it was possible to go to another hotel.
“But what is wrong with the place!?” asked Luis perplexed.
Mum, Lalika and I glanced at each other, wondering if we were perhaps hallucinating and were just imagining the state of the room. I saw another mosquito meet his end abruptly and knew that I wasn’t dreaming. After a few more minutes, we managed to convince Luis and we headed out of the rundown courtyard and back into the streets of Paucartambo.
“I saw a hostel near the bus station” I volunteered.
“Ok, let’s go check that out,” said Luis and Dad in unison. We made our way back towards the station. We glanced back apologetically at the guys who were lugging our extremely heavy supplies, but they simply shrugged. On meeting with the kind lady who ran the family-owned hostel and being shown to a very clean, cute and tidy room, with two small twin beds we knew we had found the place. This was five-star luxury compared with where we had just been. It even had a bathroom in the hallway with a hot water shower. After unpacking the bare essentials, we made our way back out to the streets to find some dinner.
We found the town’s market stalls that by night converted to small restaurants serving the traditional Peruvian fare of meat, papas fritas or fries and salad. Finding places to eat in South America where vegetarian fare was available was surprisingly easy. We simply ordered the same meal we had been eating for the past three weeks on the road. “Arroz con Frijoles, con Huevos Fritos y Ensalada, por favor,” said Dad politely to a woman behind the counter who immediately gestured for us to have a seat at the table and then began fixing up our meal. What seemed like an army of cooks, worked furiously in front of scorching stoves to deliver people’s meals rapidly. It resembled a South American styled Teppanyaki set up. This seemed to be the most popular place in town, and we got some funny looks from the locals who were most likely not used to seeing foreigners eat here. It had a distinct advantage, though, as the whole meal for the five of us cost less than $6 (US). Soon our plates of steaming rice, beans, fried eggs and salad of lettuce and tomato arrived, and we began eating to candlelight. We asked Luis why the lights were not turned on as we could plainly see that there were light bulbs installed. “The electricity is turned off here at the markets at 8pm,” he explained, “and doesn’t come on until morning.” There were many candles burning, and their warm glow added a cozy feel to our dinner.
After eating, we walked the streets, buying the final few things we would need for our time up in the mountains. After purchasing and array of books, pencils, erasers, sharpeners and stickers, as gifts for the school we would also visit, we said goodnight to Luis. He wasn’t staying with us in the Hostel but with the driver and his family who would take us up to the Inca community the following day. “Be ready at 4am!” Luis said as he disappeared down the dark streets, lugging with him the 3 Kilos (6.6 Pounds) of rice he would add to our inventory. We returned to the hostel where I triple checked for bugs in the bed and luckily found none. Then it was lights out, and we were all asleep within moments.
The next morning we awoke at 3:30am, well before the sun rose and were out of the hostel by 3:45am. We made our way to the site where the truck was waiting and would take us only as far as the road would allow. There were no guarantees offered by the driver. He was adamant that at this time of the year, how far we get, would be dependent on how firm and traversable the road through the mountains were. Wherever he dropped us, we would have to make our own way onwards to the Q’eros Community of the Living Descendants of the Incas.
At this point, a little bit of fear began creeping into my consciousness, and I turned to Dad with all my worried questions.
“Will I be able to breathe at the altitude we are heading to?”
“Will I suffocate?”
“Or Pass Out?”
“Or Die?!”
That last forceful answer jolted me back, out of my fear and into reality as I noticed the silliness of my questions. “Of course I won’t die,” I muttered at myself and with a trustful smile on my face, I got into the toasty warm pickup truck and sighed contentedly.
“Enjoy the warmth while it lasts!” Luis nodded at me. “It’s going to be frosty up in the Montaña.”
“I’m ready!” I said with assertiveness. I no longer was trying to convince myself. “I’m ready for one amazing experience!”
Continued in:
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dreamtimetraveler March 24, 2015 Andes, Andes Mountains, Choa Choa, Cusco, Inca, Inka, Part 1, Paucartambo, Peru, Peruvian Andes, remote, South America, travel DREAMTIME CULTURE 2 Thoughts »
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Music And The Arts In The Center Ages
By Larissa | June 24, 2020
Filipino music and art have each been influenced by the cultures which have migrated to this nation. I leased a second-flooring house within the nearby Mall Retailers on Steeles and 404” and in September of 2007, I based Allegro Academy of Music and Art”.Our College students successfully participate and receive First, Second and Third awards at competitions and festivals, reminiscent of Richmond Hill Artwork Competition, Music Scarborough Piano Competition, Yip’s, Kiwanis Music Competition, Chinese Cultural Music Pageant and many extra.
These exhibits provide the musicians an publicity to perform effectively in front of public and so the attendee will most likely see the musicians to perform many times if the concert was worthwhile and the demand of that musician will improve quickly.
Musical performances take different varieties in different cultures and socioeconomic milieus. Instruments which can be used in the artwork classroom and devices used in music class teach youngsters the way to be chargeable for costly tools that they’ll probably be working with for future employers.
Excellent for the budding guitarist, our different lists of guitar songs along with some recommendations on easy methods to play the guitar will show you how to learn how to master this glorious instrument over time. Most cultures use at the very least part of the idea of preconceiving musical materials, or composition, as held in western classical music.
The Artwork Of Jazz Music
Create visually interesting, highly partaking, immersive and compelling content in a format that enthralls, delights and mesmerizes readers. Research of composition has historically been dominated by examination of methods and apply of Western classical music, but the definition of composition is broad enough to incorporate spontaneously improvised works like those of free jazz performers and African drummers.
The fun begins with every toddler drawing with crayons or markers on their own sheet whereas some enjoyable toe-tapping music is enjoying, like our tune titled “A Sweet Little Silly Track” or “I am a Big Kid Now.” You may also use finger paints if held outside.
Those that aren’t into following fashion developments and wearing the latest kinds can’t really understand what it’s like to look at the fluid approach trend will change because it descends down from the couture runways and into the shops and closets of normal folks. In your site you’ll be able to discuss your album on video, with a music weblog, on internet radio, by way of interviews, on music or artists-oriented podcasts, and through articles, in an effort to ship all of the site visitors to your eBay page or personal web site where all you’re selling are copies of your restricted version assortment of high quality artwork music.… Read More..
Music & Arts Center Boys & Women Membership Of Benton & Franklin Counties
By Larissa | May 9, 2020
Jazz music which is regarded as an art creation of the American blacks throughout the early decades of the twentieth century has been an vital topic of the social history of US. It gained reputation not only as an artwork form however it also helped the hapless blacks, who have been the offspring of the enslaved African origin blacks introduced into America by the white settlers to take advantage of them for his or her labor wants, to achieve a social standing by the ability of music. The exhibition ‘Reaccion A Islandia’ reveals modern works by Icelandic visual artists, followed by a performance programme throughout it´s opening occasion The title of the exhibition quotes the poem ‘A Islandia’ written by the Argentinian writer Jorge Luis Borges in the late 1920’s.
As one of many longest-working movie, music and humanities festivals within the nation, the Southeast New England Movie, Music & Arts Competition has established itself as one of many premier festivals in New England devoted to giving life to independent cinema, music and artwork.
These exhibits provide the musicians an publicity to perform well in front of public and so the attendee will most likely see the musicians to perform repeatedly if the concert was worthwhile and the demand of that musician will increase rapidly.
These are not at all the entire methods through which these ideas may be utilized to your state of affairs or in these codecs, however whatever you choose to do you may need to formulate the proper steadiness of things that make the price of your wonderful artwork music rise.
Bob Marley Posters, Music, Artwork, Humanity And Soul
What drives folks? The ‘Land of the Rising Sun’, Japan has a culture which has a tinge of Asian, Europe and American cultures to it. Japanese culture is a improbable combination of Japanese crafts like Ikebana and Origami, martial arts, music and dance (Kabuki, rakugo and so forth.). Learn on to seek out out more on Japanese tradition.
When you do not wish to make devices, visit your native Dollar store and procure kazoos, harmonicas, and another musical sound. Portray elevates the canvas and paint into art, whereas music can never elevate a cassette tape or CD into artwork.
Create visually interesting, highly partaking, immersive and compelling content material in a format that enthralls, delights and mesmerizes readers. A few of the hottest wall dwelling accents includes music wall art, jazz wall artwork and music notice art. To behave as an award and recognition for the schools’ commitment to enhancing music and wider arts and cultural opportunities and the properly-being of their younger people.… Read More..
Music In Artwork — Research Center For Music Iconography
By Larissa | September 14, 2019
In case you are all for learning music then earlier than anything else you have to understand what music is definitely made from. Many consultants have outlined it as an summary art kind where the vocal or instrumental sounds are arranged in a means that it creates a flowing, united and sympathetic composition which is full of harmony, melody, rhythm and timbre. One other fascinating topic is the Counterpoint Idea (as generally known as Contrapunkt), which defines relationship between two or extra totally different elements of a chunk, which are considerably unbiased, say, in rhythm, but are interdependent in concord.
We provide private music classes in all kinds of devices and kinds, plus workshops, lessons, and ensembles. Artists additionally host workshops, inviting you to come back and learn how to make and create, so you might be the artist too. Often an indoor concert held in a large venue is usually known as an area concert and whatever the place, musicians usually perform on stage as it is the principal centre of attraction.
Generally, artwork music notation from the 17th through to the nineteenth century required performers to have quite a lot of contextual data about performing styles. Live shows can be the one alternative the place people would typically have to listen to musicians play.
In some uncommon cases, novice musicians attain an expert level of competence, and they’re able to carry out in skilled performance settings. The Levine faculty has 5 people who find themselves licensed in music remedy, and the main focus is on using music to assist traumatized college students.
Equinox Music & Art Festival 2019 Tickets, Fri, Sep 20, 2019 At 9
Is the only not-for-revenue group school for the arts in Lower Manhattan. Confidently learn to sketch, draw, paint, and create with different young artists. For our music students, we offer 60-minute Make-up Lessons each 4-eight weeks. Immersion live shows and jams integrate the finest of European improvisational gamers into each efficiency, completely for the handful of participants and local charities.
In reality learning the technical a part of making pc music is barely a small part of the battle. Nevertheless, that is actually to not say that jazz gamers will not be talented – they actually are very proficient, often greater than classical performers. So in case your play date group has 6 toddlers or preschoolers, this is a nice activity to not only make music however having enjoyable making the instruments too, significantly in the summer months when it may be held outdoor.
The facility of artwork induces a peaceful frame of mind, it is a properly-identified truth. Many of these blues-based mostly bands like the Paul Butterfield Blues Band, the Rolling Stones, the Yardbirds, John Mayall’s Bluesbreakers, Cream, Led Zeppelin, Canned Heat, and Fleetwood Mac, introduced the blues to younger white audiences, one thing the black blues artists had been unable to do in America except by means of the purloined white cross-over covers of black rhythm and blues songs.… Read More..
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The Blood Flag
Author: James W. Huston
Publisher: Blackstone Publishing
The Blood Flag was last seen on October 18, 1944, when Heinrich Himmler displayed it proudly as he commissioned the Volkssturm, the Nazi Party's new militia created to avert the certain defeat that awaited Germany. Hitler believed the Blood Flag, Blutfahne, carried sacred powers. It held the blood of the first Nazi martyrs, those killed in the Beer Hall Putsch in Munich in 1923, when Hitler first tried to take over Germany. Several Nazis were shot and fell onto the flag, pouring their blood into the already red fabric. That flag-with a white circle and a black swastika in the middle-still lives. Kyle Morrissey, a special agent for the FBI, travels to Europe with his father to see him receive the Legion of Honor from France for his service at Normandy. But after the ceremony, while traveling through Germany, Kyle and his family encounter neo-Nazis perpetuating the evil philosophy he thought his father's generation had ended once and for all. Kyle soon discovers that tens of thousands are ready to raise the swastika once more and renew the hatred of the thirties and forties. Baffled and furious, Kyle embarks on a personal mission to bring down the movement. But how? In trying to understand the history of Nazism, Kyle learns of the Blood Flag and knows it is the key to his success. From DC to Dresden to Recklinghausen and Argentina, the Blood Flag leads Kyle on a worldwide race in an attempt to end international Nazism for good.
Blood Flag
Author: Steve Martini
Defending a client accused of killing her father, attorney Paul Madriani is drawn into a treacherous conspiracy dating to World War II in this enthralling installment in the New York Times bestselling series. Paul Madriani and Harry Hinds have a new client: Emma Brauer, a woman accused in the “mercy killing” of her aged father, Robert Brauer. Insisting she’s innocent, Emma tells Paul about a package sent to her father shortly before he entered the hospital. Bequeathed to him by a member of his unit from World War II, the box contains a key and a slip of paper. Emma fears that this package is connected to her father’s death. When Paul’s young assistant Sofia is murdered, Madriani is blindsided by the realization that Emma’s fears are well-grounded. Digging into Robert’s military history, Madriani discovers that other members of the Army unit Robert served with have recently died—under similarly suspicious circumstances. When he finds that the box sent to Brauer relates to a mysterious talisman that went missing at the end of the war—a feared Nazi relic known as the “Blood Flag”—Madriani and Hinds realize they are in for the fight of their lives. With Emma’s life on the line and their own safety in jeopardy, Madriani must uncover the truth before the evil of the Blood Flag is allowed to spin a new web.
Under The Blood Banner
Author: Eric Kreye
Genre: Biography & Autobiography
Release: 2003-06
Publisher: TEACH Services, Inc.
This story was experienced by Eric Kreye as a child. Although the story is directed primarily to Junior boys and girls, the hearts of many young parents have been captured as well. The authors have attempted to instill values, such as loyalty to family, allegiance to country, honesty, integrity, and faithfulness to God.Eric spent some time with his father in Germany prior to the writing of this story to get an adult's view of Hitler's philosophy. Also he wanted to make sure that his memories of World War II were as accurate as possible- to make the story not only interesting, but meaningful to the young reader.Eric's primary purpose for sharing his personal story, regardless of the age of the reader, is to show how this great and amazing God of the universe carefully guards and guides each person on Planet Earth!His second purpose in sharing his experiences is to help counteract the false belief today among some that the atrocities against the Jews during World War II are pure fabrication.Finally, he wants to encourage every reader to do whatever is possible to stop the ever-increasing violence, oppression, abuse, hate, and immorality in our flawed, yet beautiful world. There is a better way. Peace, security, and happiness are possible through the grace and power of Jesus Christ.
The Triumph Of Propaganda
Author: Hilmar Hoffmann
Seeing German film during the Third Reich as a powerful and sinister tool for both indoctrination and escapist pacification, analyses the pictorial and spoken language to identify the psychological techniques used in the various genres, including news reels, documentaries, features, and cultural films. Two chapters focus on the role of flags, and another explains the rise of Hitler. Not illustrated. No subject index. First published as Und die Fahne fuhrt uns in die Ewigkeit in 1988 by Fischer Taschenbuch Verlag in Frankfurt am Main. Annotation copyright by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
Colors And Blood
Author: Robert E. Bonner
As rancorous debates over Confederate symbols continue, Robert Bonner explores how the rebel flag gained its enormous power to inspire and repel. In the process, he shows how the Confederacy sustained itself for as long as it did by cultivating the allegiances of countless ordinary citizens. Bonner also comments more broadly on flag passions--those intense emotional reactions to waving pieces of cloth that inflame patriots to kill and die. Colors and Blood depicts a pervasive flag culture that set the emotional tone of the Civil War in the Union as well as the Confederacy. Northerners and southerners alike devoted incredible energy to flags, but the Confederate project was unique in creating a set of national symbols from scratch. In describing the activities of white southerners who designed, sewed, celebrated, sang about, and bled for their new country's most visible symbols, the book charts the emergence of Confederate nationalism. Theatrical flag performances that cast secession in a melodramatic mode both amplified and contained patriotic emotions, contributing to a flag-centered popular patriotism that motivated true believers to defy and sacrifice. This wartime flag culture nourished Confederate nationalism for four years, but flags' martial associations ultimately eclipsed their expression of political independence. After 1865, conquered banners evoked valor and heroism while obscuring the ideology of a slaveholders' rebellion, and white southerners recast the totems of Confederate nationalism as relics of the Lost Cause. At the heart of this story is the tremendous capacity of bloodshed to infuse symbols with emotional power. Confederate flag culture, black southerners' charged relationship to the Stars and Stripes, contemporary efforts to banish the Southern Cross, and arguments over burning the Star Spangled Banner have this in common: all demonstrate Americans' passionate relationship with symbols that have been imaginatively soaked in blood.
The Blood Red Arab Flag
Author: Charles E. Davies
Publisher: University of Exeter Press
During the years 1797-1820 the Qasimi Arabs or Qawasim, inhabitants of the present day United Arab Emirates, acquired an enduring reputation as ruthless pirates. Some of their victims flew the British flag, and thus their actions were to provide the initial stimulus and justification for 150 years of British involvement in the Gulf. Recently, however, it has been doubted whether the Qawasim were in fact pirates. In a scholarly but accessible account founded on contemporary sources, illustrated with testimonies of eye-witnesses and participants, this book sets out to decide this controversial question. By making use of valuable and hitherto untapped archival material, Charles Davies strongly evokes a flavour of life in the Gulf in this turbulent and formative period in the Gulf's history. This book represents the first in-depth investigation into this controversial subject. It is based on original research and and helps to explain why the Gulf is as it is today.
Hitler S Third Reich In 100 Objects
Author: Roger Moorhouse
Hitler's Third Reich is still the focus of numerous articles, books and films: no regime of the twentieth century has prompted such interest or such a body of literature. Collated and presented by one of the world's leading historians of Nazi Germany and illustrated with photographs throughout, this book is an accessible, compelling and often revelatory guide to the Third Reich. Ranging from documents and postcards to weapons and personal effects, these objects include Pervitin, Hitler's Mercedes, Hitler's grooming kit, the Messerschmitt 262, the Luger pistol, the Tiger Tank, Eva Braun's lipstick case, the underpants of Rudolf Hess, and, of course, the Swastika and Mein Kampf.
Blood Sacrifice And The Nation
Author: Carolyn Marvin
Genre: Social Science
A groundbreaking study of American patriotism and the symbolic power of the national flag.
Muslim Nationalism And The New Turks
Author: Jenny White
Turkey has leapt to international prominence as an economic and political powerhouse under its elected Muslim government, and is looked on by many as a model for other Muslim countries in the wake of the Arab Spring. In this book, Jenny White reveals how Turkish national identity and the meanings of Islam and secularism have undergone radical changes in today's Turkey, and asks whether the Turkish model should be viewed as a success story or a cautionary tale. This provocative book traces how Muslim nationalists blur the line between the secular and the Islamic, supporting globalization and political liberalism, yet remaining mired in authoritarianism, intolerance, and cultural norms hostile to minorities and women. In a new afterword, White analyzes the latest political developments, particularly the mass protests surrounding Gezi Park, their impact on Turkish political culture, and what they mean for the future.
Catholicism And The Roots Of Nazism
Author: Derek Hastings
Genre: Religion
Derek Hastings here illuminates an important and largely overlooked aspect of early Nazi history, going back to the years after World War I--when National Socialism first emerged--to reveal its close early ties with Catholicism. Although an antagonistic relationship between the Catholic Church and Hitler's regime developed later during the Third Reich, the early Nazi movement was born in Munich, a city whose population was overwhelmingly Catholic. Focusing on Munich and the surrounding area, Hastings shows how Catholics played a central and hitherto overlooked role in the Nazi movement before the 1923 Beerhall Putsch. He examines the activism of individual Catholic writers, university students, and priests and the striking Catholic-oriented appeals and imagery formulated by the movement. He then discusses why the Nazis embarked on a different path following the party's reconstitution in early 1925, ultimately taking on an increasingly anti-Catholic and anti-Christian identity.
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Mike Schwartz
House Tour: A Chicago Home Brimming With Bold Design
Designer Elizabeth Krueger creates a highly personal home for a fashion loving-client by mixing respectable antiques and local art.
By Zlata Kozul Naumovski
Designer Elizabeth Krueger of Elizabeth Krueger Design put her apartment up for sale; instead of receiving an offer from the house-hunting couple that walked through her place she landed a client.
They liked the location and her impeccable style, but the apartment lacked adequate parking and was short one bedroom. “We walked through Elizabeth’s apartment and, while it wasn’t the right apartment for us, it felt like I could just open the door and move right in,” said Kristen Skordilis. When she closed on a 7th-floor condo a few blocks away in the Lakeview neighborhood of Chicago, “I told my husband, 'call the woman that is selling that apartment.'”
Krueger’s mix of industrial and modern appealed to the fashion stylist’s design sensibilities. Comfortable and relaxed, “it felt very personal and had an intimacy to it that I loved. It felt really stylish and well designed.” In addition to freshening surfaces and incorporating her personal collection of antiques and art into the design, Skordilis asked that Krueger deliver drama. “I love bold design statements,” she said, “yet I want each space to feel lived in and to feel calm.”
A mere eight weeks after Skordilis—also an executive director of the India Hicks lifestyle brand—engaged the designer, Krueger was able to transform the client’s outdated two-bedroom, two and a half-bath unit in a 1920s Beaux-Arts landmark building on scenic Lake Shore Drive into an equally personal haven for the fashion-loving client; her husband Paul Skordilis, a marketing executive for an information security software company; and their 6-year-old daughter, Birkin Skordilis. “We talked a lot about luxe materials. She’s a stylist and has a great sense of style,” Krueger said. “We used jewel tones and some masculine pieces to play off the colorful artwork.”
Though Skordilis, who once owned a popular clothing boutique in the West Loop, has a good eye for design and an envious collection of coffee table-worthy art and fashion books, “I totally know my limits,” she said. “I have a problem with getting scale right. I have bought stuff before that wasn’t right and made expensive mistakes.” Plus, she was on a time crunch. School was starting soon for Birkin, aptly named after the insouciantly cool 70s style icon, and she wanted to be settled in before then.
Fortunately scale was not an issue for Krueger. Starting in the entry, the designer used one large dramatic piece by Chicagoan Francine Turk to anchor the foyer paved in custom black and white marble tiles. The gold hues and handwritten notes inspired by jazz musician Miles Davis pop against the dark grasscloth wall covering and hold their own against the graphic floor. A French Empire table the client owned and a brass-legged stool topped with opulent velvet hint at what’s to come.
In the enormous drawing room, Krueger created two intimate areas for seating and dining. “I love a more formal drawing room,” conceded Skordilis, citing the richness and history of Hicks’ own British home’s formal parlor. “But using the space as our living room and dining room has worked so well. I want each room to be functional for our lifestyle.”
Floating furniture satisfied the clever layout. Anchoring one end is a navy blue velvet sofa. It sits generously in front of a pair of doors accessorized with brass cremone bolts that lead to the daughter’s bedroom. Additionally in the living room, a pair of geometric ottomans upholstered in a Chanel-like tweed and a cowhide chair are arranged around a fireplace and a brass coffee table.
Toward the dining room, a massive antique steel cabinet Skordilis and her husband purchased from the shop of Chicago designer Julia Buckingham stores tableware and was only one of two spots available that could accommodate the unusual piece. “It’s a beast,” she said of the 400-pound cabinet. “The shelves inside are steel.” A custom concrete dining table paired with a leather bench grounds this end of the drawing room. Artworks by local artists, including a Hunt Slonem bunny painting and a Cleveland Dean abstract, line the walls of both spaces and provide a dose of color to the mostly neutral room. “I like supporting the local talent,” she said of her collection, which nonetheless includes works by Chagall and Keith Haring.
Connecting the living and dining areas is an overscale gilt mirror. “We wanted there to be a lot of drama inside the space,” Krueger said. She leaned it against the wall between two large windows overlooking Lake Michigan in homage to design great Vicente Wolf. “I love his work,” she said. Not only does the mirror reflect light, it keeps the room dramatic and open. “It felt so grand,” Skordilis said of the gesture. “You appreciate the molding and the ceiling height.” The reproduction is juxtaposed with the client’s own marble-topped antique console table. “You have to have some good antiques to elevate everything else,” Krueger said.
To encourage lake gazing and sailboat watching from the two large windows, Krueger installed window seats with custom cushions. “Being east-facing in Chicago on a mid-level floor is a dream. Check out that view! You have beautiful colors of the lake that change every day.” She also took advantage of a curved window in what is now the family room by designing a custom sofa with sweeping corners to fit the space beautifully. A trio of brass stools and brass-framed art there reinforce the metallic theme.
The master bedroom, too, has its fair share of bold design. Wrapped in a soothing silk wallpaper, its tranquil vibe was rudely interrupted by a pair of unsightly sliding closet doors. “Make it go away,” Skordilis implored the designer. “No, highlight it,” Krueger countered. Custom metal barn doors with brass screwhead detailing not unlike the studs of a quilted designer bag glide effortlessly from a strip of modern hardware. “I love tough and industrial,” Skordilis said. “They feel like home to me.”
HOUSE TOUR: Bold Strokes And Good Bones Make For A Stunning Pied-A-Terre
This High-Design Chicago Home Values Every Detail
HOUSE TOUR: Bold Colors And Pattern Know No Bounds In This Manhattan Abode
HOUSE TOUR: A Pied-à-Terre Inspired By The Chicago Sunset
Inside Steven Gambrel's Art Deco Abode in Chicago
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Home > Sixth Form > Sixth Form Curriculum > English Literature
English Literature A Level
English Literature is a very popular and highly successful A Level subject at Embley. More than any other subject, it is one which will help you to grow as an individual and to develop critical cultural skills.
During the course, you will enjoy a wide range of prose, poetry and drama and, through close critical analysis and group discussion, learn to read critically, analyse, evaluate and undertake independent research. These are all highly valuable skills for higher education and, more importantly, for life beyond education. Regular theatre trips are arranged in order to support set texts and to allow for alternative interpretations and a range of TV and film interpretations are studied alongside the reading.
In Year 12, you will study a Shakespeare play, an anthology of poetry and two prose texts, while considering the presentation of Love through the Ages. While in Year 13, you will hone your critical thinking skills and, following an independent reading path, you will carry out a critical study of texts across time, whether it is the Gothic genre, satire and dystopia, or representations of race and ethnicity, for example. The course is assessed by two written papers and a 2500 word essay, but offers far more than that to those that engage with it.
What could be better than learning about the lives, loves, hopes and jealousies of people, both real and fictional, throughout the ages? Understanding the methods used by writers, to make political, social and historical comments about the world as they see it, is a great foundation for understanding humanity in general.
Examination board: AQA
Where could this course take you?
English Literature remains one of the most prestigious subjects to study, at Sixth Form and at university and can lead to a wide range of career opportunities, including journalism, advertising, creative writing, teaching, law, broadcasting, public relations and politics. More broadly, an enthusiasm for literature, added to an understanding of communication and human behaviour, will be invaluable, whichever path you choose to follow.
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Live M11 traffic updates: Three-vehicle crash causes 'substantial barrier damage'
Avoid the area if possible
Paige Ingram
There has been a serious crash on the M11 involving three vehicles, causing 45 minute delays.
The accident happened on the M11 Southbound between junction 9 for Saffron Walden and junction 8 for Bishops Stortford.
There are currently six miles of queues as a result of the accident in which a barrier has suffered 'substantial' damage.
According to Highways England, traffic officers are on their way to the scene and there are up to 45 minutes of delays.
Live: Police shut Turner Road Colchester after 'serious incident' near school
One lane on each the southbound and northbound on the M11 have been closed due to 'substantial barrier damage'.
Drivers are advised to avoid the area to prevent further congestion in this evening's rush hour.
Follow our live blog below for the latest traffic and travel updates.
20:07 Paige Ingram
Pause in updates
Thank you for following our live blog.
Traffic has now returned to normal on the M11.
For the latest traffic and travel updates in and around Essex keep an eye on our website.
Delays remain as all vehicles removed
There is still long delays for motorists travelling on the M11 this afternoon.
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DCIS patients receiving anastrozole reported symptoms different from those receiving tamoxifen
Both groups reported similar quality of life
SAN ANTONIO -- Analysis of patient-reported outcomes (PRO), a secondary endpoint of the phase III, NSABP B-35 clinical trial, in which anastrazole and tamoxifen were compared in postmenopausal women with ductal carcinoma in-situ (DCIS) who underwent lumpectomy plus radiotherapy, found that there were no differences in outcomes related to quality of life (QOL) but some differences in outcomes related to symptoms in the two treatment groups, according to data presented at the 2015 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium, held Dec. 8-12.
The study confirmed some of the expected outcome differences in symptoms between the two drugs, which included more hot flashes with tamoxifen treatment and more vaginal problems and musculoskeletal complaints with anastrozole treatment.
"The NSABP B-35 trial enrolled 3,104 postmenopausal women with DCIS that was hormone receptor-positive, and the primary endpoint was to determine whether anastrozole was superior to tamoxifen. Anastrozole was found to be slightly but significantly better than tamoxifen in terms of breast cancer-free interval, and it was most beneficial in women younger than 60 years. There was no overall survival difference between the two treatments," said Patricia A. Ganz, MD, distinguished professor at UCLA schools of Medicine & Public Health and the Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center at UCLA. "The secondary endpoints of the trial were QOL and symptom outcomes, measured as PRO. Because these two drugs have different side-effect profiles it was important to hear from women about their experiences to add that information to decision making."
PRO data is information obtained from each patient participating in the trial about her experience with the drug in terms of physical and emotional functioning (QOL) and various symptoms such as hot flashes, vaginal dryness, muscle and joint aches and pains (symptoms), Ganz explained. Since this was a double-blind trial, assessments were done without the bias of knowing what medication the women were taking, she added. "The information from this trial is important for women diagnosed with DCIS in the future who may be deciding which medication to take, along with their doctors," Ganz said.
Ganz and colleagues used data from 1,193 patients enrolled in the PRO portion of the NSABP B-35 trial. QOL and symptom data were collected at baseline prior to randomization to anastrazole or tamoxifen, every six months during the five years of treatment, and 12 months after treatment. QOL was measured using the SF-12 Physical Component Summary and Mental Component Summary. Symptoms were measured using the BCPT Symptom Checklist and other standardized methods. Patients were grouped into those younger than 60 years or those 60 years or older.
Five years after treatment, there were no differences in QOL outcomes. However, the severity of hot flashes was greater in those who received tamoxifen than those who received anastrozole, and this experience varied over time; the severity of musculoskeletal pain at 6-month to 24-month timepoints and vaginal problems was greater in those who received anastrozole than those who received tamoxifen. Sexual functioning was slightly worse for those who received anastrozole compared with those who received tamoxifen. There was no worsening of physical or emotional health and depression with either drug, and overall, both drugs were found to be safe, according to Ganz. All symptoms were worse in women younger than 60 years than those 60 years or older, she added.
"Both of these drugs are excellent and can reduce the risk for breast cancer recurrence. Physicians and patients need to use this information along with the main trial outcomes to choose the optimal treatment for each woman. This is part of personalized or precision medicine," Ganz said.
This study was supported by the National Cancer Institute and AstraZeneca. Ganz declares no conflicts of interest.
Follow the meeting on Twitter: #SABCS15
The mission of the 2015 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium is to produce a unique and comprehensive scientific meeting that encompasses the full spectrum of breast cancer research, facilitating the rapid translation of new knowledge into better care for patients with breast cancer. The Cancer Therapy & Research Center (CTRC) at The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR), and Baylor College of Medicine are joint sponsors of the San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium. This collaboration utilizes the clinical strengths of the CTRC and Baylor and the AACR's scientific prestige in basic, translational, and clinical cancer research to expedite the delivery of the latest scientific advances to the clinic. For more information about the symposium, please visit http://www.sabcs.org.
Abstract: S6-04
Title: Patient-reported outcome (PRO) results, NRG Oncology/NSABP B-35: A clinical trial of anastrozole (A) vs tamoxifen (tam) in postmenopausal patients with DCIS undergoing lumpectomy plus radiotherapy
Authors: Patricia A Ganz1,2, Reena S Cecchini1,3, Thomas B Julian1,4, Richard G Margolese1,5, Joseph P Costantino1,6, Laura A Vallow1,7,Kathy S Albain1,8, Pat W Whitworth1,9, Mary E Cianfrocca1,10, Adam Brufsky1,11, Howard M Gross1,12, Gamini S Soori1,13, Judith O Hopkins1,14, Lou Fehrenbacher1,15, Keren Sturtz1,16, Timothy F Wozniak1,17, Thomas E Seay1,18, Eleftherios P Mamounas1,19 and Norman Wolmark1,4. 1NSABP/NRG Oncology; 2UCLA Schools of Medicine and Public Health and Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center; 3University of Pittsburgh; 4Allegheny Cancer Center at Allegheny General Hospital; 5Jewish General Hospital, McGill University; 6NRG Oncology Statistics and Data Management Center (SDMC); 7Mayo Clinic; 8Loyola University Chicago Cardinal Benardin Cancer Center; 9Nashville Breast Center; 10Fox Chase and Northwestern (ECOG); 11Magee-Women's Hospital,University of Pittsburgh; 12Dayton NCORP; 13Missouri Valley Cancer Consortium; 14Novant Health; 15Kaiser Permanente Northern California; 16Colorado Cancer Research Program; 17Christiana Care CCOP; 18Atlanta Regional CCOP and 19UF Health Cancer Center at Orlando Health.
Background: The clinical results of NSABP B-35, phase III trial comparing 1 mg/day A to 20 mg/day tam, each given for 5 years, were reported at ASCO 2015. B-35 demonstrated a statistically significant benefit in breast cancer free interval for women assigned to A, primarily in women <60 years. A secondary endpoint of B-35 was quality of life (QOL) and symptom (SX) outcomes in the two treatment groups. The primary hypotheses of the PRO study were that there would be no differences in QOL between the two treatments, and that patients receiving A would report higher rates of hot flashes compared to patients receiving tam. Other SX comparisons were secondary endpoints.
Methods: QOL and SX were assessed at baseline (prior to randomization), and every 6 months thereafter for 5 years of treatment and in the following 12 months. QOL was measured with the SF-12 Physical Component Summary (PCS) and Mental Component Summary (MCS). SX were measured with selected scales from the BCPT symptom-checklist, and other standardized instruments. Stratification was by age (<60 v ³60) as in the main trial. Study hypotheses and endpoints were examined by comparing PROs in the two treatment arms using a mixed model for repeated measures analysis with adjustment for the baseline scores, time point and age category, using an intention-to-treat principle and including only patients who completed the baseline and at least one follow-up questionnaire. Patients with protocol events were censored. Only data through 60 months are reported here. The accrual goal for the sub-study was 1,150 consecutive patients.
Results: Between January 6, 2003 and June 15, 2006, a total of 3,104 patients were entered and randomly assigned to NSABP Protocol B-35. Accrual to the PRO study of B-35 closed on December 28, 2004, at which time 1,275 patients were entered, with 1,193 patients included in this analysis. There were no medical or demographic differences between patients assigned to A or tam in the PRO sub-study, and they reflected the characteristics of the parent trial. Adherence to data collection across the 60 months was 87%. There were no significant differences in QOL outcomes by treatment for the PCS (p=0.16) or the MCS (p=0.38). SX subscales: hot flash scale was greater in tam group and this difference varied over time (p=0.001); musculoskeletal pain was significantly greater in A group for time points 6-24 months (all p<.001); vaginal problems were greater in A group (p=0.03). Hot flash and vaginal problems were significantly worse in women <60 years. Additional SX outcomes (depression, fatigue, sexual function) will be reported at presentation.
Conclusion: In this large, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial comparing A to tam in patients with DCIS, there was no significant difference in QOL between the two treatments. However, there were important treatment differences in SX outcomes, which should be considered as part of treatment decision-making discussions, along with the clinical breast cancer outcome results.
Support: CA-180868, 180822, 189867, 196067, 114732; AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP.
This research will be presented at a press conference at the 2015 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium, moderated by SABCS Co-director Kent Osborne, MD, director of the Dan L Duncan Cancer Center at Baylor College of Medicine, Friday, Dec. 11, 7:30 a.m. CT in Room 217D of the Henry B. Gonzalez Convention Center. Reporters who cannot attend the press conference in person can call in using the following information:
United States/Canada (toll-free): 866-297-6395
International (toll): 1-847-944-7317
Conference code number: 41320577
To interview Patricia Ganz, contact Julia Gunther at julia.gunther@aacr.org or 267-250-5441.
Julia Gunther
julia.gunther@aacr.org
@aacr
http://www.aacr.org
NIH/National Cancer Institute, AstraZeneca
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2013-14Top 16Round 10
Lokomotiv Kuban Krasnodar 66
Galatasaray Liv Hospital Istanbul 67
March 14, 2014 CET: 17:00
Local time: 20:00 BASKET HALL
Arroyo takes charge late as Galatasaray wins in Krasnodar
Carlos Arroyo scored the go-ahead layup with 17.7 seconds remaining – the last of six fourth-quarter lead changes – and the visitors defended strong on the final possession as Galatasaray Liv Hospital edged Lokomotiv Kuban Krasnodar 66-67 on the road Friday. The result leaves the two teams tied for fifth place in Group F with 4-6 records, trailing Bayern Munich by one win for fourth place. Arroyo, whose three-pointer earlier in the quarter had also put his team in front, finished with 14 points. Manuchar Markoishvili – in his first game back from an Achilles tendon injury in October – led the visitors with 19 points on 5-of-8 three-point shooting and Mailik Hairston added 10. Markoishvili started strong with 10 first-quarter points in helping Galatasaray to a 4-18 lead, but Derrick Brown rallied his team back. Brown had 15 of team’s 29 first-half points as the hosts climbed within 3 at the break. Mantas Kalnietis halped Lokomotiv take the lead early in the fourth quarter and the game remained close till the very end. Brown finished with 19 points and Kalnietis scored 14 points and dished 7 assists in defeat. Lokomotiv outrebounded Galatasray 40-29, but struggled with poor three-point shooting (3 of 15; 20%).
First quarter: Markoishvili returns with a vengeance
Galatasaray got off to a brilliant start, taking a 0-6 lead on baskets from Arroyo, Hairston and Markoishvili before Lokomotiv called a timeout after two minutes of action. Zoran Erceg fed Furkan Aldemir inside before Richard Hendrix soared for a layup and the hosts’ first points to make it 2-8. However the visitors continued to roll; Markoishvili drilled a three and Hairston fed Pops Mensah-Bonsu for a wicked slam to extend the difference to 11. Valeriy Likhodey tried to spark the home side with a slam, however Markoishvili added a long jumper and a triple for a 4-18 advantage. Krunoslav Simon got on the scoreboard for Lokomotiv and Marcus Williams fed Kalnietis for a layup. The momentum started to shift; Brown split free throws and Kalnietis came in to score on the offensive glass. Then Brown’s steal and two-man game with Kalnietis led to a slam for the former to cap a 9-0 run. Mensah-Bonsu muscled his way for a basket inside. A layup for Brown and last-second jumper by Arroyo made it 15-22.
Second quarter: With 10 points in five minutes, Brown leads Loko back
The pace slowed a bit as Kalnietis and Milan Macvan scored the only baskets in the first three minutes of the quarter. Brown and Ender Arslan each penetrated for scores on their respective ends. Brown added a jumper to close the gap to 21-26 midway through the quarter. The suddenly red-hot Brown took a steal in for a two-handed slam. Cenk Akyol fired in a three for Galatasaray, but after the TV timeout, Brown threw down an electrifying dunk and tipped in Simas Jasaitis’s missed layup to make it 27-30. Kalnietis fed Aleks Maric for a slam. Erceg countered with free throws to finish the half at 29-32.
Third quarter: Kalnietis evens the score for the hosts
Maric free throws made it a 1-point game. Hairston and Brown traded layups. Hairston scored a tough basket inside, but Simon assisted Brown for a slam. The hosts had several possessions with a chance to take the lead, but Galatasaray came up strong on defense. Macvan scored on the offensive glass, but Likhodey’s triple tied the game at 38-38 midway through the quarter. It proved to be short-lived as Markoishvili connected on his third three of the night. Baskets by Kalnietis and Macvan kept the teams close. Kalnietis lobbed an alley-oop to Hendrix, but Arroyo’s first three extended Galatasaray’s lead to 4. Kalnietis penetrated for his 10th points and soon Hendrix’s full-court pass allowed Kalnietis to tie the game at 48-48.
Fourth quarter: Big buckets from Arroyo make the difference
Markoishvili sent in another triple to keep the visitors calm, but Lokomotiv kept coming. After Hendrix scored, Andrey Zubkov’s slam gave the hosts their first lead of the night. Kalnietis made it 54-51 before Galatasaray coach Ergin Ataman called timeout. Hairston dunked in traffic thanks to Macvan’s pass. Likhodey rifled in another three only to see Markoishvili do the same. Arroyo netted a jumper, but Simon kept the hosts up by 3. Mensah-Bonsu collected his own miss and dunked to make it 61-60 with two and a half minutes to play. An Arroyo triple put the visitors back in front only to see Simon answer from downtown. Hairston free throws with 1:37 remaining made it 64-65. Mensah-Bonsu took a seat with 5 fouls with 26.6 seconds left in regulation. Simon sank the resulting free throws to put the hosts ahead. Arroyo wasted little time in attacking the basket for a layup with 17.7 on the clock. After a timeout, Galatasaray came out strong on defense and Zubkov missed a jumper at the buzzer.
Referees: PUKL,SASA; TAURINO, PAOLO; JAVOR, DAMIR
Lokomotiv Kuban Krasnodar 15 14 19 18
Galatasaray Liv Hospital Istanbul 22 10 16 19
Lokomotiv Kuban Krasnodar
5 BROWN, DERRICK 29:08 19 9/13 1/2 3 3 3 1 1 2 22
6 WILLIAMS, MARCUS 27:00 0/3 0/2 3 3 5 2 1
7 HENDRIX, RICHARD 15:32 6 3/6 1 3 4 3 1 1 10
9 KALNIETIS, MANTAS 28:34 14 7/11 0/4 1 1 2 7 5 1 2 4 11
11 LIKHODEI, VALERII 17:06 8 1/1 2/4 0/1 1 2 3 1 1 2 1 9
13 JASAITIS, SIMAS 21:57 4 2/3 0/1 4 4 1 1 6
20 ZUBKOV, ANDREY 11:19 2 1/2 1 1 1 2 1 2
21 ZHUKANENKO, ALEXEY 11:51 0/1 2 4 6 1 1 2 2 1 6
22 MARIC, ALEKS 12:10 4 1/1 2/2 5 5 1 2 4 10
24 PONKRASHOV, ANTON 5:06 0/1 1 -2
44 SIMON, KRUNOSLAV 20:17 9 2/5 1/4 2/2 1 4 5 3 1 2 3 11
Totals 200:00 66 26/47 3/15 5/7 11 28 39 20 3 12 5 1 15 18 88
Head coach: PASHUTIN, EVGENY
Galatasaray Liv Hospital Istanbul
4 ERCEG, ZORAN 35:12 4 0/5 0/5 4/4 1 5 6 4 1 1 1 2 5 6
7 KOKSAL, GOKSENIN 0:06 1 -1
8 HAIRSTON, MALIK 29:39 10 4/6 0/2 2/2 1 1 2 3 3 1 9
9 MARKOISHVILI, MANUCHAR 32:26 19 2/2 5/8 3 3 1 1 1 4 1 17
17 AKYOL, CENK 6:57 3 0/1 1/1 2
19 ALDEMIR, FURKAN 16:13 3 1/1 1/3 5 5 2 1 1 2 10
21 MENSAH-BONSU, POPS 13:08 6 3/8 3 3 6 1 1 5
25 MACVAN, MILAN 15:27 6 3/5 0/1 2 1 3 2 1 1 1 7
30 ARROYO, CARLOS 32:37 14 4/9 2/3 3 3 4 1 1 4 17
32 GULER, SINAN 7:00 0/1 0/1 1 -3
33 ARSLAN, ENDER 9:22 2 1/2 0/1 1 1 1 1 1
44 DOMERCANT, HENRY 1:53 1 -1
Team 1 1 3 -2
Totals 200:00 67 18/40 8/22 7/9 8 22 30 15 3 9 1 5 18 15 61
45% 36.4% 77.8%
Head coach: ATAMAN, ERGIN
PASHUTIN, EVGENY
"We wanted to start with hard defense, but fell behind 10-0 in the first minutes instead. We couldn't handle contact, couldn't find our way to the basket couldn't stop the opponents’ transition game. But we played a good third quarter and managed to get back in the game. It all came down to the final possession where we expected Kruno to take a shot, but he chose to pass it to Zubkov. Overall we played good defense on Arroyo, but it was Markoishvili's brilliance that decided the outcome of the game. "
ATAMAN, ERGIN
" We knew defense would decide the game, so we worked hard to limit their pick-and-roll game. Both Simon and Williams are left handed, so we tried to push them right and I think it surprised their offense. The beginning of the game was great for us, but in the second half both teams made a lot of mistakes. Obviously Lokomotiv shooting 20% on threes is not normal, but we were able to control the game in the final moments. This game was vital for us. Now there will be a big fight between us, Lokomotiv and Bayern for the fourth spot. "
SIMON, KRUNOSLAV
"Our bad start was our biggest problem. Galatasaray was well prepared, pressed us, pushed us to the right on pick-and-rolls. And we lost a lot of energy getting back in the game; everything had to be decided in the final seconds again. But you can't always win close games; sometimes you miss. Now our game in Kaunas will be like a championship game. "
Malik Hairston - Galatasaray Liv Hospital vs. Lokomotiv Kuban
Carlos Arroyo - Galatasaray Liv Hospital vs. Lokomotiv Kuban
Mantas Kalnietis - Lokomotiv Kuban vs. Galatasaray Liv Hospital
Derrick Brown - Lokomotiv Kuban vs. Galatasaray Liv Hospital
Valery Likhodey - Lokomotiv Kuban vs. Galatasaray Liv Hospital
Krunoslav Simon - Lokomotiv Kuban vs. Galatasaray Liv Hospital
Aleks Maric - Lokomotiv Kuban vs. Galatasaray Liv Hospital
REGULAR SEASON TOP 16 PLAYOFFS FINAL FOUR
Fenerbahce Ulker Istanbul 69
Unicaja Malaga 67
March 13 19:00 CET LIVE FINAL
Laboral Kutxa Vitoria 65
Anadolu Efes Istanbul 60
Panathinaikos Athens 65
Olympiacos Piraeus 58
Partizan NIS Belgrade 52
Maccabi Electra Tel Aviv 77
Zalgiris Kaunas 67
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Archaeology behind the Iron Curtain - memories of excavations and digs in Lithuania from 1948 to 1968
This blog looks at the memories of those who worked on archaeological digs and projects in Lithuania during the Cold War, with a focus from 1948 to 1968.
The Iron Curtain was the non-physical boundary between Western and Eastern Europe after World War II. During these decades, Lithuania was occupied by the Soviet Union, affected by war and occupier repressions. All ways of life involved intricate situations - including archaeology.
Women and young boys were the main participants in archaeological excavations in this period. During World War II, more than a million people died, a third of the population of Lithuania. Thus, the workforce was dramatically reduced. As a result, students near the excavation sites were the main available labour force.
During archaeological excavations, participants wore traditional clothes. Men and boys usually dressed in trousers, shirts and jackets, while women wore dresses, shirts and skirts.
Attention should be paid to the women’s clothing because, from the 1960s, during archaeological excavations, women started to wear trousers and changed their style of dressing. Nevertheless, trousers were still the exception.
A number of factors underpinned this change in women’s clothing. The Soviet Union had began new reforms, with new industries created. Work in factories changed employees' clothing. Women became part of the workforce. And a new wave of 'modern and simple' Soviet fashion began.
Collectivisation
At the end of World War II, collectivisation started in Lithuania. After five years, as much as 94% of the country’s land was collectivised.
Remembering the first archaeological expeditions after the war, in 1949, archaeologist Adolfas Tautavičius wrote: An expedition took place under difficult conditions. The government started to found Kolkhoz collective farms and Sovkhoz state-owned farms, and began the deportation of farmers. Part of these farmsteads were empty - without windows, doors, overturned fences. Inhabitants were frightened.
Records of archaeological excavations mention digging activities in collective farms' fields. Rimutė Rimantienė described: 'We had to excavate a Stone Age settlement, but the leader of the Kolkhoz forgot and planted potatoes in this site. But everything was ok. The leader let us dig the potatoes. We dug it day after day and ate potatoes, kefir and salads, and later cucumbers and tomatoes.'
RELATED: Explore the Cold War in photographs in Blue Skies, Red Panic, an exhibition of photographic perspectives of Europe in the 1950s
After the war, there was a lack of archaeological tools and equipment. Archaeologist Pranas Kulikauskas wrote about what happened between 1948 -1949: 'We didn‘t have any tools or equipment. Trowel and brushes were borrowed from other museums. The Museum of Šiauliai gave us a camera. We drew the plans ourselves.'
RELATED: Explore this gallery of archaeologists at work
Food was very important during the excavation. Normally, archaeologists cooked food for themselves. Sometimes there were exceptions, either hiring a cook or eating in canteens. In general, the particants sourced food in two ways. They bought milk products, bread and vegetables from local people. Other participants fended for themselves, by picking berries and mushrooms, and catching fish in rivers.
Archaeologist Rimutė Rimantienė remembered in a diary: 'Here in Rudnia village, life is very good. The forest is full of berries. The girls picked a lot of berries, but we could not eat them all, so, from what was left, we cooked and made jam.'
By Šarūnė Valotkienė, Vilnius University Faculty of Communications
Europe at Work: Share your story
Did you or your family work in archaeology in Lithuania or elsewhere? Share your story and help us tell the story of Europe through our working lives in the past and the present.
This blog post is a part of the Europeana Archaeology project, which digitises Europe’s rich heritage of archaeological monuments, historic buildings, cultural landscapes and artefacts.
Kulikauskas, Pranas, Kelias į archeologiją. Vilnius: Vaga, 2003.
Rimantienė, Rimutė, Aš iš dvidešimtojo amžiaus. Vilnius: Vilniaus dailės akademijos leidykla, 2010.
Volkaitė-Kulikauskienė, Regina, Dienoraščių pynės. Vilnius: Lietuvos nacionalinis muziejus, 2016.
Tautavičius, Adolfas, Iš archeologo užrašų. Vilnius: Nacionalinis muziejus LDK Valdovų rūmai, 2016.
Eidintas, Alfonsas; Bumblauskas, Alfredas; Kulakauskas, Antanas; Tamošaitis, Mindaugas, Lietuvos istorija. Vilnius: Eugrimas, 2012.
Lithuania archaeology Cold War working lives
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Elektrobus Skoda thanks to fast charging stations recharge in ten minutes
Skoda Electric has completed development of the electric shame Perun HP, the machine was last approved. Its advantage is quickly charged: within six to ten minutes of charging the bus is ready for operation. Currently, the testing, the results should be known in the spring of 2017.
Testing in Pilsen began last May on the final stop line no. 33 on the estate Košutka. On the bus turntable were built facilities for fast charging stations. "The unprecedented power of 600 kW is able to recharge electric bus at the time of six to ten minutes. Thus, it is possible to ensure that cars were constantly in traffic and ensure smooth traffic on the selected route. In the future it is possible that electrobuses fully replace diesel buses, "said Tereza Hajná from Škoda Electric.
Skoda Perun HP's twelve-electric low-floor buses with a lightweight body. "The electric and automatic recharging stations are currently deployed under the EU test project electrobus ZeEUS. Testing will continue until the end of 2016. In the spring of 2017, then released the official information guide that summarizes technical and economic results of the project involved operations. Among them Plzen, Münster, London, Barcelona, Cagliari and other European cities, "explained Ruth Bízková, President of the Technology Agency, which supported the development of electric bus.
"The advantage of the new electric bus is that they have capabilities and performance comparable to traditional buses with internal combustion engines, but unlike them meet the strictest criteria and requirements to ecology and the concept of a clean environment," says Ruth Bízková. "Indisputable advantage over classical buses are combustion engines are among others also lower operating costs, "she added.
Second electrobus, whose development was co-financed by TA CR, bearing the Skoda Perun HE (ŠKODA 26BB HE PERUN) in 2014 completed a total of 9 intensive lending within the transport companies in the Czech Republic and Poland, was in the second half of 2015 on loan to the transport company town of Hradec kings. Here in competition with other electrobuses witnessed so much that he local transport company subsequently bought.
ZeEUS project ( "Zero Emissions Urban Bus System", a "system of urban buses with zero emissions"), an umbrella organization UITP (UITP), comprising European transport companies. Project partners and members of the project consortium consists of 40 companies and other organizations whose activities associated with the development and operation of electric buses: carriers, transport companies and public transport organizers, manufacturers, energy companies, schools and research institutes. The Czech Republic was involved in the project consortium Skoda Electric Pilsen Urban Transport Company and the Pilsen district heating together with the University of West Bohemia.
Source: Ekolist.cz
Photo: Press-room Škoda.cz
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Free Shipping Over $90. Use coupon code Fantastic20 for 20% off on purchase, valid once per customer.
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All Paths Lead to Enlightenment and Fun With Tsuro
by Nicholas Jones | Jul 11, 2020 | All Games, Best Sellers, Strategy | 0 comments
Few games include such beautiful tokens or such a heartbreaking story as Tsuro, the 2004 tile-based game that has drawn in countless players. With simple and fast gameplay and an entertaining background story, Tsuro is a board game that will stand out in your mind for years to come. As the board fills up and the small carved tokens follow their winding roads, Tsuro is sure to leave you desperate for another round.
The Story Of The Dragon
One of the most beautiful parts of Tsuro is its Asian spiritual theme, as the lines that you travel along are meant to represent the roads leading to divine wisdom. The story behind Tsuro is that of a Dragon and Phoenix tasked with overseeing these paths. One day, Ares drove the Phoenix away and turned the Dragon into a war general. Now the Dragon seeks to follow the winding paths back to his true love, the Phoenix. Can you help him succeed?
Laying Down The Line
At the beginning of the game, each player is given a token that must follow the path to enlightenment. Gameplay involves laying down tiles in front of your token to keep it on the board and continue its path. After you lay down a new tile on the 6×6 grid game board, you will move your token as far as the path takes you. The more tiles you lay down, the faster the board begins to fill up, leading you down a path that may be your downfall.
The End Of The Road
The aim of the game is to try to keep your token on the board longer than your competitors. The way to do this is to use strategy to ensure your token follows the correct path while you try to divert the other players’ tokens to force them out of the game. If you reach the end of the board or end up running into someone else’s token, it’s game over for you. Only the wisest and most strategic can achieve true enlightenment.
When there are three or more players, the Dragon tile is used to help extend gameplay. Once you run out of tiles, the next player takes the Dragon tile to signify that they will be the first to draw from the deck of unplayed tiles left over by eliminated players.
Alternate Editions Of Tsuro
Calliope Games published Tsuro in 2004, and have since created many different versions and spinoffs of the game. The first was called Tsuro of the Seas, created in 2012. This fun spinoff adds new boat-shaped player pieces as well as dangerous daikaiju tiles that will automatically remove anyone who lands on them. This spinoff game also comes with a larger game board measuring 7×7 instead of 6×6.
Veterans of the Seas is an expansion of Tsuro that adds four new types of tiles. These tiles range from whirlpools to tsunamis that require you to roll a die to avoid. There’s even a Star Wars themed spinoff called Asteroid Escape, which takes the water bound game and launches it into outer space. Instead of riding boats and navigating around whirlpools, you’ll be flying spaceships and dodging asteroids!
Tsuro: The Game Of The Path
Tsuro is a beautiful and simple game that is easy to learn. Suitable for ages 8 and up, Tsuro is a great way to introduce your kids to board games that have a story behind them, which are often much more memorable and entertaining than simple games like Scrabble. Game time also lasts around 15-20 minutes, which means that it’s not too much of a time investment to work in a game or two in an evening.
Tsuro also fits anywhere from 2-8 players, allowing you to enjoy the game both with a large group at a party as well as an intimate night in with your partner. Inspired by the romance of the Dragon and the Phoenix, Tsuro is sure to ignite the romantic passions of lost love—just so long as you don’t knock the other player off the board first! Dive into Tsuro and follow the path to divine wisdom and enlightenment.
Calliope Presents: An award winning game that is fun for any experience level, easy to learn & quick to play. ...
Tsuro of The Seas
EXCITING FAMILY BOARD GAME: Sail the Mystic Seas and guide your ships to avoid powerful sea monsters known as Daika...
Tsuro: Veterans of the Seas
The forces of nature can be as devastating as the wrath of the daikaiju! With this Tsuro of the Seas expansion, you...
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UK brewery adds robots to the process
While brewing in Britain pre-dates the Roman invasion in 54AD, its evolu-tion has helped to propel the food and beverage industry to become the country’s largest manufacturing sector.
FANUC > Fallbeispiele-von-Kunden > Adnams
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The Task: For the UK brewery Adnams expansion of the portfolio in the recent years led to a higher demand and workload. Due to these factors they were looking into new solutions for the palletising of the barrels and kegs.
The Solution: Already in 2017 FANUC installed a R-2000iC/165F robot to internally do the keg palletising. In 2018 the R-2000iC/210L followed and now all of the brewery’s cask and keg beers are handled and loaded by robots.
The Result: Not only consistency and speed could be increased but also the employees could be relieved from the heavy lifting and therefore health and safety issues can now be prevented.
R-2000iC/210L indus-trial robot - All-round model for heavy pay-loads
R-2000iC/165F - the flexibility offered by this 6 axis high-payload model sets new standards in almost every industry.
Industrial robot palletisers that improve throughput
While brewing in Britain pre-dates the Roman invasion in 54AD, its evolution has helped to propel the food and beverage industry to become the country’s largest manufacturing sector.
As techniques have been honed over the subsequent centuries, numerous breweries have established themselves as household names. Adnams still operates out of its original 18th century site in Southwold, but its commitment to tradition has not stopped it implementing a 21st century end-of-line automation solution.
“Adnams Brewery has been in Southwold since 1872,” begins Fergus Fitzgerald, Head Brewer at Adnams. “We brew mostly cask beer but we have invested in expanding our range over the last few years to include a variety of keg beers, as well as a distillery. It’s quite a changing brewery really. We can brew up to 40 different beers over the course of a year – we have our core beers that we do day-in, day-out, but we also have our seasonal beers and one-offs too. We brew about 100,000 barrels a year – although by barrel I mean a brewer’s barrel – which is 163 litres.”
The brewery still operates out of its original site at the heart of Southwold, and produces the equivalent of 1,900 barrels of beer a day. However, fitting a 21st century brewery into a 19th century building has proved to be an on-going challenge for Fergus and his team, as they have looked to keep pace with modern brewing methods and rapidly expanding consumer demands for a much wider portfolio of beers and spirits.
One area where the brewery has looked to take serious strides forward is the introduction of automation; and more specifically, the use of robotic end-of-line palletising systems to process the beer barrels once they have been filled.
Fergus continues: “While we’ve expanded our portfolio in recent years, cask beer very much remains a core part of the brewery. At the end of our main cask filling line – where we put the beer into the barrels – we had an old palletiser, which took up a lot of space. Given where the brewery is located, we’ve got a very limited amount of space, so we have to be quite creative when it comes to using it as effectively as possible.”
“We had identified a new piece of technology that we wanted to install to allow us to brew a 0.5%-alcohol version of our Ghost Ship Pale Ale, but we had exhausted all available floorspace. However, by upgrading the old palletiser to a more compact automated solution, we figured we could accommodate everything within the existing brewery site. We actioned this in early 2018 and approached FANUC to design a robotic end-of-line loading system.”
In order to meet the significant load demands of handling metal barrels filled with over 160 litres of beer, FANUC specified its R-2000iC/210L 6-axis palletising robot. With a maximum payload of 210kg, it could comfortably process the full casks at the required rate of 250-300 barrels an hour, to keep pace with the beer as it came out of the filling line. With a compact footprint of 771mm x 610mm, and a reach of 3100mm, it can easily operate within the confined working environment of the brewery. Crucially, the robot body is IP54 rated, to protect it from the residual beer found throughout the cask filling line.
However, the R-2000iC/210L was not Adnams’ first foray into robotics. Back in 2017, in response to the growing popularity of keg beers, Fergus and his team decided to expand Adnams’ keg programme. Up until then all non-cask beer was sent away for kegging, but the brewery wanted to bring that process in-house at its main site in central Southwold. This involved finding space for conditioning tanks, as well as filtration and kegging equipment. The final piece of the puzzle was the addition of a FANUC R-2000iC/165F robot within the kegger, which was used to lift and stack the newly filled kegs. While this was on a much smaller scale compared to the brewery’s cask line, its success paved the way for the much larger system, which followed on the cask filling line in 2018.
Following the finished installation of the R-2000iC/210L in 2018 and the FANUC R-2000iC/165F in 2017, all of the brewery’s cask and keg beers are now handled and loaded by robots.
Fergus continues: “Compared to a manual process, automation is much better. Not only from a consistency and speed perspective – robot loading is twice as fast as manual loading – but for our production team, it takes away all the health and safety issues linked to manual handling out of the equation.”
However, there was another underlying factor, which helped tip the balance in favour of a robot loading system, rather than a like-for-like palletiser.
“One of the main reasons we chose the robot system – aside from floor-space – was that we wanted to move away from wooden pallets, which we’d been using for years, and start using plastic locator boards,” says Fergus. Locator boards are durable plastic interlayer boards which allow barrels to be stacked securely and safely on top one another.
At Adnams’ cask palletising system, the FANUC R-2000iC/210L will pick six filled casks off the line and place them on a conveyor in two rows of three. The robot will then select a locator board from a magazine stored within the cell, and place it on top of the six barrels, before collecting the next six barrels from the filling line and stacking them on top. This process is repeated until there are 18 barrels securely stacked, before they are moved to the end of the conveyor where they can be collected by forklift truck and either loaded directly onto a distribution lorry, or stored nearby until ready for collection.
Fergus concludes: “Plastic locator boards are light, they’re cheaper, they last longer; and they also enable you to get more product on a vehicle as you can take some of the weight out. Ultimately there were lots of benefits from moving to locator boards from pallets, however we couldn’t do that on our old palletiser system so, as part of putting the robot in, we moved to locator boards as well.”
For more information on FANUC’s range of palletising robots, please visit: https://www.fanuc.eu/uk/en/robots.
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From Halver to the World
FANUC > Customer cases > Otto Lynker GmbH
5-axis CNC machine
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ASA combines ROBOSHOT with robots for family-owned company Otto Lynker
Task: At the “In der Hälver” site, Lynker operates three fully electric ROBOSHOT machines from FANUC. All machines are equipped with a minimum 3-axle handling. Two parts for the emergency release of automatic transmission are being produced: a wrench and a housing section.
Solution: The latest injection moulding machine, a ROBOSHOT α-S300iA, has been automated with a 6-axes robot Both parts are manufactured in the cells implemented by ASA Automation in Mainhausen. For the housing section, a total of four preheated screws first need to be inserted into the 2-cavity tool. In the same operation, the robot takes an injection-moulded part, retracts it from the tool, holds it beneath a camera for quality inspection and places both parts in a shipping carton.
Result: The ASA cell with the ROBOSHOT operates round the clock. With a cycle time of around 40 seconds, batches of 60,000 units are produced as standard, then modified for the other part. The ROBOSHOT “delivers” 600,000 parts of any type over the course of a year. The respective production order is triggered by a minimum stock level in the warehouse. The actual changeover is quick to manage. In principle, only the corresponding tool has to be used, the gripper changed and the respective program retrieved.
A footprint that fits
Thanks to its slim arm, wrist and compact footprint, the M-20 is ideally suited for narrow cells. Internal cable routing also means cable interference is a thing of the past.
Slim and strong industrial handling robot for multi-purpose "human workloads”
Our industry leader in payload, reach and axis speed, the M-20 series benefits from up to 2 m reach and can handle up to 35 kg. Ideal for multi-material handling, the M-20 makes a great choice for tasks involving medium payloads.
Short cycle times, consistent parts quality
FANUC ROBOSHOT takes state-of-the-art CNC precision technology from turning and milling and applies it to electric injection moulding. The results are greater acceleration, ultimate precision of movement and extremely short cycle times to produce large quantities of consistently high-quality parts.
The FANUC injection moulding machines are running five days a week at Lynker in Halver. The global customer base relies on quality and so the proportion of fully electric machines is increasing. ASA Automation GmbH implemented the latest production cell with ROBOSHOT and robot systems for the company.
Lynker is one of those companies whose parts are used literally everywhere without people being aware of who made them. That includes all kinds of plastic parts in vehicles. These parts account for 70 percent of Lynker's turnover, 20 percent go to the electrical industry and the rest are spread across other sectors of industry. What they all have in common is the claim made by Otto Lynker GmbH: quality at a high standard. The family company is 100 years old this year.
In its centenary year, Otto Lynker GmbH employs around 70 people, who generate a turnover of some 13 million euro. Customers from around the world source precision parts from Halver. Motorists especially recommend the reliable source of their sites abroad. As a result, the dispatch list features customers as far afield as Brazil, the USA, Thailand and many other countries. The export share is increasing and currently exceeds 60 percent of sales. Managing Director, Steffen Grünig: “We have long-standing relationships with most of our customers, who also frequently recommend us to others.”
In the current business year, we have achieved our objectives. The new building planned for production is slowly taking shape. Grünig: “We are making gradual progress. Planning should be completed by the end of the year. Logistics had to be ‘outsourced’ a few years ago and a new warehouse was built for this purpose, which is clearly visible on entering the town. Commercially speaking, conditions are currently not ideal. However, a number of new projects are enabling us to compensate for this as far as possible,” says an optimistic Grünig. The new building planned to sit alongside the logistics centre should provide twice as much production space as well as more space for in-house tool manufacture.
At the “In der Hälver” site, Lynker operates a total of 41 injection moulding machines with a clamping force ranging between 12.5 and 300 t, including three fully electric ROBOSHOT machines from FANUC. Batch sizes range from small-scale production of 300 units to series of 3 million parts. All machines are equipped with a minimum 3-axle handling. The principle here is: As far as dispatch, and as far as possible, a part should only be handled once, either manually or by the gripper.
Lynker produces new tools itself with efficient tool and mould-making facilities or works with selected toolmakers, as it has been doing for a number of years. By the way: Lynker also relies on the precision of FANUC machines when it comes to toolmaking. This is where older models sit alongside the more recently procured five-axis ROBODRILL and ROBOCUT.
Lynker adds further value to its business by installing parts in some cases. Steffen Grünig: “Ultrasonic welding is a relatively large ‘pet project’ of ours.” This is where series can range from several hundred thousand units to a million. Additional services, such as labelling or pad printing, complete the offer.
First time for 6-axes
The new injection moulding machine, a ROBOSHOT α-S300iA, is automated with a 6-axes robot – a first for Lynker. It is used to produce two parts for the emergency release of automatic transmission: a wrench and a housing section. As material, a fibre-optic polyamide is processed, for which the specific choice of material was made together with the customer, based on advice from Lynker. The proportion of glass fibre in particular was discussed. On the one hand, the parts need to be extremely rigid and secure, on the other hand, the tool wears out so much more quickly with a higher proportion of glass fibre. “Ultimately, the customer was convinced by the tool life, which was twice as long,” remembers Steffen Grünig.
Both parts are manufactured in the cells implemented by ASA Automation in Mainhausen. For the housing section, a total of four preheated screws first need to be inserted into the 2-cavity tool. In the same operation, the robot takes an injection-moulded part, retracts it from the tool, holds it beneath a camera for quality inspection and places both parts in a shipping carton.
A small additional task for the M-20i: it inserts a carton to optimise layer separation. Fitting the screws is a tricky task as they need to be inserted in a particular place in the tool. The robot makes use of its mobility for this operation and the subsequent quality control beneath the camera. The robot/camera combination implemented by ASA Automation reliably takes care of this task.
The second part produced in the cell, the wrench, is less complex. However, the sequence - extraction, discarding the sprue, placing in the shipping carton - is similar. Another label is also put on; for this, the robot places the wrench on the workpiece carrier, which then travels to the labelling station via the extremely flexible in-house Carryline conveyor system. When labelling is complete, the robot takes the parts and places them down.
For this task, ASA Automation made the grade, both on the recommendation of FANUC
and based on its own various credentials. Grünig: “We had a basic concept, which we also discussed with other integrators.” However, we were ultimately convinced by ASA's installation concept, which was the most impressive and offered the most flexible solution.
Flexible development
Lynker would not be a quintessential contract injection moulder if no prior thought had been given to development. Grünig: “We remained open to the concept that we could also use what we have for a new task.” The automated carton conveyor system, the camera system and the FANUC robot system ultimately have a universal application.
Steffen Grünig is planning the use of the 6-axes M-20iA and the integrated quality inspection as a special feature: “We did not pursue automation on a whim. For us, productivity and the quality we wanted to achieve were paramount.” With any manual activity, there is “an amount of slack”. Specifically: the accurate insertion of screws manually over a long period cannot be guaranteed.
If a screw is inserted at too sharp an angle, it can result in damage to the tool and, in some cases, it may even halt production. In fact, “inserted at too sharp an angle” only goes some way in describing the situation. This is because the screws do have to be inserted at an angle - but not too sharp an angle - in quite a specific place. The robot system completes this task every time, repeating it with the highest degree of accuracy.
The extent of the improvement compared with the amount of rework required with manual insertion cannot be precisely quantified. Screws were only manually inserted in the production of prototypes and pilot series. It is therefore not possible to compare the output, but we can compare the cost as a result of damage to injection tool inserts. Not to mention the pain of contact with the hot tool. “Under production-line conditions, different rules apply,” says Steffen Grünig. Since the entire project has been planned from the start as an automation project. At the beginning of a project like this, there is a regular FME analysis.
The ASA cell with the ROBOSHOT operates round the clock. With a cycle time of around 40 seconds, batches of 60,000 units are produced as standard, then modified for the other part. The ROBOSHOT “delivers” 600,000 parts of any type over the course of a year. The respective production order is triggered by a minimum stock level in the warehouse. The actual changeover is quick to manage. In principle, only the corresponding tool has to be used, the gripper changed and the respective program retrieved. Jörg Uhlenbusch, FANUC's regional sales representative, sees the benefits of the fully electric ROBOSHOT: “The machine is quick to reach operating temperature, faster than a hydraulic and ensures reliable production with consistent parameters.”
Grünig considers it to be a huge advantage that all key components come from the single source of FANUC: “Because of this, we no longer have any interfaces between various systems. That strongly influenced our decision. As system integrator, ASA has also brought extensive expertise in-house. “
With a single source supply, ASA Automation has satisfied a basic condition for the cell. An in-house project would have meant purchasing our own injection moulding machine, and then robot systems, conveyor technology, gripper and vision system, and then we would also need to manage the integration of it all. Grünig’s conclusion could therefore also please ASA Automation. When asked the question whether he regretted the decision, he answered with great conviction: “Definitely not. The system is in operation and produces the quality we require. That automated production cell was not the last.”
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The next iPhone might have an in-screen fingerprint scanner
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Solve an FMV mystery with 'Her Story' on Android
The award-winning indie game has finally been ported.
Aaron Souppouris, @AaronIsSocial
It took a year, but Her Story, Sam Barlow's mystery game, has been ported to Android. Her Story is a full-motion video game where you're tasked with piecing together a story through watching short excerpts of interviews. The only mechanic you have at your disposal is a search tool, which lets you bring up clips that contain certain words or phrases. There are hundreds of clips to search through, and by the end of the game you'll have unravelled a fantastic story.
Her Story won many accolades, including the coveted Aaron Souppouris award for Favorite Video Game of 2015. Less prestigious organizations like the BAFTA Game Awards also recognized the game, handing out three prizes for best debut game, best mobile game, and game innovation. It's available from Google Play for $2.99, which is a couple of dollars less than its price on iOS.
In this article: android, av, fmv, fullmotionvideo, gaming, google, herstory, mobile, sambarlow
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Feds Approve Implementation of Florida’s Pandemic EBT Program
On Wednesday. Gov. Ron DeSantis announced federal approval for the implementation of Florida’s Pandemic EBT Program (P-EBT).
The Department of Children and Families (DCF), in partnership with the Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services (FDACS), developed a P-EBT program to automatically issue benefits during the month of June to more than 2.1 million children who have temporarily lost access to free and reduced-price school meals during COVID-19-related school closures.
“I applaud President Trump and the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) for allowing states to identify gaps in services and develop new and needed programs that will help parents be reassured that their children will continue to receive healthy lunches although the school year is completed,” said DeSantis on Wednesday. “Throughout the public health emergency, Florida has taken a proactive approach to supporting families and ensuring they have access to critical resources and services.”
The Families First Coronavirus Response Act allows for states to issue P-EBT as a supplemental benefit for households with children who temporarily lost access to free and reduced-price school meals due to pandemic-related school closures. Families eligible to receive free or reduced-priced school meals will automatically receive this benefit during the month of June, no further action is needed from recipients at this time.
“Thank you to Secretary Perdue and the USDA for providing Florida the flexibility to help feed our state’s children and families throughout COVID-19,” said Florida Agriculture Commissioner Nikki Fried. “Fighting the chronic hunger and food insecurity worsened by this pandemic is one of our top priorities, and the Pandemic EBT program will help us ensure that the families that most need help can access fresh, healthy nutrition at this challenging time.”
“Under Governor DeSantis’ leadership, we continue to work closely with our state and federal partners to help Florida families overcome situations brought on by this pandemic,” said DCF Sec. Chad Poppell. “This program offers automatic relief to families while ensuring children are not hungry during this crisis and allowing parents to focus on their family’s economic recovery.
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department of agriculture and consumer services
department of children and families
fdacs
florida pandemic ebt program
nikki fried
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By WhatALoserAmI - India - Bhopal
Today, an old friend of mine refused to go to a movie with me. Turns out he was sitting in front of me with my girlfriend. FML
True hero
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Today, I spent nearly half an hour looking for my favourite pair of shoes. I ended up getting so pissed off that I accused my boyfriend of stealing them. He then pointed out that I was wearing them. FML
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Today, I tried asking a guy I like on a date. He turned me down, saying that I "seem like a nice person and all", but after seeing those reality shows on truTV, he "would rather not date a Russian. No offense, though." FML
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Today, in a last ditch attempt to get away from my psycho coworker, I made my boss transfer me to another branch in the district. My coworker was immediately moved to that branch, because we "work well together". FML
By fungettingdressed - United States
Today, while having sex with my boyfriend, my fingers got stuck between the wall and headboard. Screaming, he thought I was enjoying the sex and kept going even harder. I have 3 broken fingers. FML
By LonelyStranger - United States - Lake Stevens
Today, I was really excited to go to a party because I need to make more friends. Too bad a snowstorm hit right before I was going to leave, now I'm alone with no power. FML
By Tired Girlfriend
Today, it's 2am. I've been trying to get to sleep for the past two hours next to my snoring boyfriend. Every time I nudge him to shut him up, his body tenses, he farts, then goes straight back to snoring. FML
By itwaswarm - United States - Stony Brook
Today, I was peeing at a urinal, when the man next to me finished up and shook his penis. I got splashed. FML
By crosseyed - United Kingdom
Today, I was in the cafeteria when I noticed a new worker cleaning a table. As I passed her, she looked up and smiled at me. Thinking she was pulling a funny face, I jokingly crossed my eyes and smiled back. She looked hurt and continued working. Later, she served me my lunch. She was actually cross-eyed. FML
By Anonymous - Canada
Today, my mom turned to me and said, "You know, you're the kind of person that has to change literally everything about themselves to get a guy to like you." I thought she was joking so I laughed. She then said "Like that. Your laugh... What is that? Change that." FML
By RockedSystem - United States
Today, I had to give a massage to an obese person with rank smelling fungus growing in between their skin folds. They tipped me two dollars. My hands still smell. FML
By jumpy - United States
Today, I put cucumber slices on my eyes to help me relax. I found this very calming till I woke up to ants trying to eat my eyes out. FML
By Anonymous - New Zealand
Today, I went down on my boyfriend while he was drunk, and he told me to get protection from his bedroom. I came back, he was passed out on the couch. His parents then came into the room after hearing noises. I was sitting there naked holding a condom while he was fast asleep. FML
Today, I saw my ex-girlfriend. She dumped me because she was moving to Wyoming. I guess Wyoming is code for my friend's apartment. FML
By Tabeling101
Today, I was in Walmart on a motorized cart and got stuck on a clothing rack next to a super hot guy. Panicking, I said "I just had surgery, I'm a new driver." After failing to get myself unstuck he had to pull the clothes rack and I apart. FML
By Anonymous - United States - Fort Collins
Estoy Poopin
Today, I cracked my back while pooping at work. It was so bad I had to go to the hospital and get carried out of the toilet by paramedics. A $4,000 bill later, my coworkers will not shut up about how funny it is. FML
By whatarethisss - United States - Indianapolis
Today, I had to teach my 16-year-old brother how to use a toaster. He thought you just plug it in and wait for it to "pre-heat." FML
By Alex - United States - Honolulu
Today, I was at my mom's funeral. My sisters and I were sitting in the front row. The funeral director, whom we had met with twice before, was going around greeting everyone. When she got to us, she asked where our mom was. Seriously? FML
By dumped - United States
Today, I logged onto facebook, and saw that one of my friends had just listed herself as in a relationship. I was happy for her, so I clicked the "like" button. Then I went to her page to see who her new boyfriend was. It was my boyfriend. FML
By mark - United Kingdom
Today, I took my girlfriend out to a nice restaurant for our anniversary. Mid-way through the meal, a guy at the table across left for the restroom. My girlfriend reached over and swiped the guy's wallet from the table. My gonads went AWOL, and I couldn't even bring myself to call her out on it. FML
By pinkrazorsare4men
Today, whilst taking a shower, I noticed my razor wasn't in its usual spot. Upon inspecting it closer, I noticed that there were tiny white hairs in it. When confronting my father about it, he claimed the "pink razors" are his. We've been sharing the same razor this entire time. FML
By ihatemylife - United States - Naperville
Today, at 24, I still can't grow a single bit of facial hair. Well, at least not on the right side of my face. FML
Today, I started college after a night out. I'd got tipsy at the club and started dancing with a cute guy. He asked for my number. I didn't want to give it to him, so I gave him a rejection number. Guess who's the new professor for my bio class? And yes, he recognized me. FML
By bigmozwoman - United States - Phoenix
Today, I was driving students home on my school bus. I looked up in time to see a student wipe what would be one of many boogers across the window. As I'm cleaning the window, I tell her, "This is disgusting." Her reply? "No, it's not. It's PERFECT!" FML
Today, I was shopping with my girlfriend at the mall at Victoria's Secret. We got separated, after which I saw 3 of my students. I teach middle school. FML
By Gina - Thailand
Today, I was in the shops and the lights all of a sudden went out. I got really scared for no reason because it was pitch black and grabbed onto my mum's hand. When the light's got turned on I was holding on to a random guy's hand. FML
Today, my family held an intervention and told me I needed to lose weight. It probably would've had more impact if they hadn't done this over video chat while stuffing their faces at an all-you-can-eat buffet. FML
Today, a bunch of friends and I went skinny dipping in a pond. The guys all grabbed the ladies' underpants and waved then around. My bloody pad was inside of one of them. FML
By goingdownhillfast
Today, after getting her "out-of-office" email, I realized that my coworker is on vacation this week. We're doing our final presentation for a major project on Thursday, and she hasn't finished her part. I guess I won't be sleeping this week. FML
By Sivvus - Reserved
Today, I paid £140 for a train ticket. All the seats were full. When I sat in the corridor the guard yelled at me. I paid £140 to stand outside a stinking train toilet for 7 hours. FML
By alexa - Germany - N?rnberg
Today, my husband put on a nice suit and asked me out to dinner. When he found out I was on my period, he decided to stay home instead, since there was "no point" anymore. FML
By SuperCoolGurl - Australia
Today, the cute guy in my class asked if I wanted to come over to his house to "study" on Saturday for our finals. I went to his house expecting a good time. He actually wanted to study. FML
By Asl94 - 16/1/2021 05:01
Are you calling me a fatass?
Today, my mom asked me what I wanted as a gift, so I said a Cricut machine. She replied, "You don’t need exercise equipment, you need to eat healthier." A Cricut is a sticker maker. FML
By why the fuck would you do that - United States - Phoenix
Today, my son broke his hand when he and his best friend had the genius idea of punching each other in the fists as hard as they could. FML
By drkate25 - United States - Enfield
Today, I ate brunch at my in-laws. The food all tasted off to me so I didn't eat much, telling my mother-in-law I was watching my weight. Later on, while out doing a bit of shopping, I stopped at a red light. Guess who pulled up next to me while I was scarfing a fast food burger. FML
Today, while getting steamy with my boyfriend, I tried to be sexy and tease him by playfully pushing his hands away every time he touched me. He responded by telling me it's OK if we didn't have sex because my breath was a bit "funky" and he needed to take "a massive dump anyway." FML
By yerface - United States
Today, I told my mom I was excited my boobs were getting bigger. She told me that that's what happens when you get fat. FML
By tony - United States
Today, I discovered my 18 year old son has been peeing on the carpet when he is too lazy to get out of bed in the morning and blaming it on the cat. FML
By Anonymous - United States - Hillsboro
Today, while putting a water bottle into the fridge, I suddenly had to sneeze. The force of my sneezing propelled my head against the open fridge door, causing a gushing wound to my forehead. Bless me. FML
By zAstonish - Singapore - Singapore
Today, I woke up in the middle of the night and felt deep breathing on my neck. I screamed, fell off the bed and busted my nose. It was just my cat. FML
Today, I said to a girl that I recently started dating, ‘I like you so far’. My phone had other plans and decide to autocorrect far to fat as I hit send. FML.
By Welshite | 39
#6637931 - Monday 27 June 2016 23:25
Hopefully it was a horror movie. No one will hear their screams...
Now you just need to figure out how to get rid of the bodies.
By ALittleFreak | 15
Spend the rest of the movie throwing popcorn at their heads.
Just kidding you're better than that.
That's garbage man, ditch them both.
hellnosucka | 27
I recommend turning the bodies into a new popcorn flavor.
Welshite | 39
Genius. It'll already be enriched with iron.
MrZed_fml | 11
#6637968 - Tuesday 28 June 2016 0:03
I'll help don't worry
Don't waste perfectly good popcorn on cheaters! You eat it and watch the drama unfold.
YourOpinionSucks | 22
#6648131 - Tuesday 12 July 2016 5:23
Why bother? OP is behind them, just choke them both out and punch on their faces a bit and be done with it. Cheaters are waste of human resources and should be treated as such.
By Dale_shackleford | 13
That's when you kick his seat and smile when he turns around.
By cocacola999 | 27
A whole new level of stupid. Doing your friend's girlfriend is bad enough, but to actually go and see the same movie with her at the same screening where your friend invited you to?
PrincessZelda_HR | 22
Call me old fashioned, but having sex with a friend's girlfriend is a lot worse than seeing a movie with them.
nanner6206 | 24
Absolutely, but 4 was saying it's pretty stupid to go to the same place @ the same time Knowing OP would be there, and the cheating would be found out.
cocacola999 | 27
Yes, thanks, #13 - sorry, English is not my first language! I was trying to say that OP's "friend" is not only an asshole, but a stupid asshole.
usnwife | 18
I would assume the friend thought OP wouldnt go alone without the friend so friend thought he was clear to go with the girl... still stupid, and they are both horrible people, but as far as why he went to this showing of the movie...
By cheyluvsturtles | 30
Ditch the bitch. And if you're old friend knew of the relationship then ditch him to
By DeadxManxWalking | 27
if you live with your girlfriend then put all her stuff on the curb with a sign saying free stuff
shortstack101 | 3
i freaking love this lol
By kamaltheabstract | 14
Now your ex-girlfriend, OP?
By brenton490 | 19
Just 2 more names to add to the ex list.Annnnd check and check.
By NostalgiaFreak9 | 40
You're not the loser op, your ex friend and ex girlfriend are the real losers.
By zebra3_fml | 7
no attempts at humor. I'm really sorry for the pain you feel.
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Today, my father told me that it wasn't that I was written out of his will, it's that he never thought to include me in the first place. FML
One law for me…
By nopethanks - United States - Eden Prairie
Today, I woke up really early to get ready for an interview. I guess it was too early because my mom thought someone broke into our house and now I have two bruised ribs. FML
By Anonymous - United States - Lebanon
Today, I realized my family is more excited to see my girlfriend than they are to see me. FML
Today, I left a note on the kitchen table saying to leave the door unlocked because I lost my key. I come home to find our house ransacked and robbed. Minutes later, I found my key. In my pocket. FML
By tom28402 - United Kingdom - Glasgow
Today, I competed in a Tae Kwon Do competition. I came third with my team in the sparring event. My mum said as a joke, "Were there only 3 teams?" There were. FML
By mn051299 - Switzerland - Richterswil
Today, I sat in my hotel room bathroom in dead silence for 30 minutes while I waited for the cleaning staff to stop watching TV and drinking beer from the minibar, so that I could finish using the toilet. FML
By TatooFAIL - United States
Today, I found out that the phrase I got tattooed on my lower back is misspelled. FML
By M3DO
Today, I got called for a job that I applied to 2 months ago, just to ask me if I had an older brother that could work for them. FML
By Anonymous - Vietnam - Ho Chi Minh City
Today, at a candlelit dinner, I accidentally set my dad's leg on fire. FML
By hborkowski - United States - Asheville
Today, I went to a urinal next to an elderly gentleman. As I was doing my business, he zips up and begins to leave. On his way out, he leans over my shoulder and whispers in my ear, "That's nice". FML
By abutorac951 - 16/3/2020 16:48
Panic! At the Costco
Today, I had to drive over an hour away to buy toilet paper. FML
By Anonymous - United States - Lafayette
Today, I found the purse that some asshat stole from my 15-year-old sister a few days ago. I found it in my now ex-boyfriend's closet. When I confronted him, he broke up with me for "invading" his privacy and kicked me out, without the purse. FML
By LuxTheSarcastic - United States - Apex
Today, my mother dragged me to the mall to get me out of the house and to get me to stop using my phone. She then spent the whole trip talking on her phone instead of actually interacting with me. FML
Today, my girlfriend threatened to leave me if I didn't follow her latest fad of becoming a goth, which involves dressing like an undertaker's haunted hearse and putting on eyeliner. Last week she was into Reggae and beanie hats. FML
By NJ <3 - United States
Today, while trying to prove a point to my mom, I learned that bird seed tastes better than her cooking. FML
By whoops.. - United States - Garner
Today, I learned that when a man in the row in front of you at a movie theater tells you to shut up, you shouldn't tell him to fuck off. He might be 6'4 with a short temper. FML
By DaddyZ - United States
Today, my youngest son thought that RedBull actually gave him wings. What it actually gave him was a trip to the ER and 7 stitches. It also gave me a meeting with social services. FML
By human torch - United States
Today, my physics teacher accidentally lit me on fire. FML
By inconnue - France - Lyon
Today, it was my first time with my boyfriend, at his house, in his Dora the Explorer sheets. FML
By Anonymous - United Kingdom - Bournemouth
Today, while driving on the motorway, I sneezed so hard my contacts popped out. FML
By Annettedarling - United Kingdom
Today my dog acted out a scene from Disney with me, by causing me and a member of the opposite sex to fall into a river after tangling our legs with the lead. No, it didn't lead to marriage, just me being yelled at. FML
By Nick Pat
Today, I took my dad out shopping. I managed to pull into a really cramped parking spot and said, "Man, that was a tight squeeze." My dad then looked me in the eyes and said, "So was your mom." FML
By Anonymous - 20/12/2020 02:08 - United States - Pittsburgh
Lockdown boredom
Today, thanks to 10 months of lockdown, the most intimate thing I have done on a Saturday night during this time is use a hobby knife to cut 1/4" thick calluses off my feet. I don't even walk anywhere. FML
By Tmth
Today, I'm on crutches due to hip surgery. I went to the fridge to grab a bite to eat, but quickly realized if I wanted anything, I would have to eat there. I can't carry anything. Cold leftovers here we go. FML
By Anon - United States - Grand Junction
Today, my mother-in-law complained to me about the cost of getting old. She then spent an hour showing me her River Cruise vacation photos from several countries. FML
By TheComputerGuy96 - Italy
Today, I was locked out of my house. After hours of trying to break the door, I found out I accidentally left a window open. The door, however, still needs to be replaced. FML
Today, after finally finding the one after so many heartbreaks, he’s leaving me because things are actually too good. He says having me around distracts him too much from work, and spends too much time with me instead of working weekends on top of working all week. FML
By ballerphilip23 - Austria
Today, I was standing on the packed bus home when I had a speck of dust in my lenses. As I couldn't rub it out, I tried blinking it out for the next five minutes. Then the hot girl opposite me screams "Stop winking at me, you bastard! Don't even think about it, you ugly fuck!" FML
By Anonymous - 2/10/2020 18:02 - Australia - Melbourne
Keep the peace
Today, my girlfriend accidentally put rubbish in the neighbour's bin. Then the old lady took all the rubbish out and threw it on the floor. I came out and tried to calm the situation, but then my girlfriend ran downstairs and tipped her cat food and cat milk bowls over. FML
By honeybee2487 - United States
Today, at work, I heard a weird sound coming from the ceiling. As I looked up to see what it was, a huge splash of water hit me in the face. I called mall maintenance to let them know. They told me they already knew about the leak... from the sewage line. FML
By Dakota
Bad Day for a Good Boy
Today, on my way home from work, I went to the car wash. When the spray jets hit the car, my dog jumped out of his crate, into the front seat, and onto a button lowering both back windows. I got both an exterior and interior wash. FML
By i hit a cyclist - United Kingdom - Nottingham
Today, I accidentally hit a cyclist with my car. In panic, I jumped out of my car and ran up to him, who was lying on the floor, motionless. As I was about to check his pulse, he jumped up and shouted, "I bet you thought I was dead, asshole!" He then punched me in the face and cycled off. FML
By lesousterre - United States - Lees Summit
Today, my grandpa still receives more mail than me. He's been dead for three years. FML
By idiotfriend - United States
Today, I rented some movies in attempts to cheer up my best friend. Her husband just died a few weeks ago in a helicopter accident. I was in a rush and didn't read the descriptions of the two films, one was about a plane crash where all the passengers died. She cried through the entire movie. FML
By Beth - Australia - Perth
Today, my fiancé's mother tried to arrange a marriage for him to a nice Indian girl, again. We've been engaged for a year, and the wedding is in a month. FML
By Creepedout - United States - Clearwater
Today, I walked in on my dad's poker game. He didn't know I was there, and was telling his friends what he would do to my girlfriend if I wasn't dating her. FML
By hairy - United States
Today, I told my boss I was bored of being a cashier and would rather go to food prep. He told me I couldn't because my arms were too hairy. I'm a sixteen year old girl. FML
By Noname - United States
Today, my boyfriend out of the blue told me I wasn't fat, that my stomach was flat and it was only my butt that was big. I thought that this was a compliment. His response? "Not at all". FML
Today, I got a haircut and the first thing the lady asked was "so do you want to keep the mullet?". What mullet?! FML
By Disturbed son
Today, my mother sent a picture that was meant for her husband. I cannot unsee what I have seen. FML
By Anonymous - United Kingdom - Houghton Le Spring
Today, I was at the airport waiting for my flight to leave for Hawaii when I received an urgent call from my neighbour saying that my house had been broken into. After rushing home and missing my flight, I had to explain to the police that my house wasn't burgled, it was just very messy. FML
By Tripartita | 44
#6723353 - Friday 16 December 2016 7:31
Oh, that sucks, OP! But I wouldn't worry too much. If you were planning on killing him to get his stuff, you clearly have no problem breaking the law and could just steal it while he's alive.
By DevilsMetsGiants | 30
"I'll keep that in mind when I'm picking out a nursing home for you"
By Lalala579121 | 27
Where there's a will, there's a way.
By VanillaBeanGhost | 15
Vicious...
phoneaddict13 | 29
#6724186 - Sunday 18 December 2016 11:13
I was thinking more along the lines of killing the father then the family.. but I guess yours works too
By Halfass | 8
I will not do that to my heirs.
Why are you even talking about this stuff? It's creepy.
By breedles | 28
I can't tell which is worse, to not think of you or to deliberately inform you that he didn't care to think of you...but, regardless, your father sounds subpar, and I'm sorry he said that to you, OP
Definitely to deliberately inform you is worse because he obviously did think of OP, but still didn't care enough to have him in his will
I'm curious to how this conversation came about. I'd gather a somewhat logical reason to not have someone like their own dang child in their will is due to having no relationship with the child for their entire or at least a vast majority of their life. so I'm not sure how one would find out from such a parent while they were still alive or from any post dad dying dedctions.. unless OP has a penchant for ouija boards.... The other thought I had is that perhaps OP'S dad is a total asshat for some reason or another, the could or could not be related to OP in some way or another. IDK. It seems to a cruddy situation no matter what the realities were however, is all I can really conclude. having a parent child relation that is less than stellar to nonexistent is very unfortunate. and being a child who feels (or knows) their parent doesn't really think or care about them sound awful as well... E-Hugs for OP!
InfiniteSunshine | 32
#6723383 - Friday 16 December 2016 10:49
My parents have discussed their wills with me, as has my grandma. Sometimes it's an important conversation to have so everyone is aware of what will happen in the event their death, so there's no surprises after such a traumatic experience, or decrease the chance of fighting, which can include the fact that some people will get nothing. Although, unless you have no relationship with the child, or they've always been on a bad, destructive path, that's a pretty dick move to not include or think of them.
By the_bammit | 5
Vote me down, but it is his choice. Maybe she wasn't the best kid, who knows. Being in someone's will is earned, not just given. Only person in my 'will' is my real brother but that's because we are close.
By hpandher | 16
Brutal, he didn't even attempt to sugar-coat it
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Home » The most significant absences in European Football over the weekend
The most significant absences in European Football over the weekend
BlogxfcediMay 13, 2017
Only a few weeks left in the current seasons and teams are more than ever having to find alternatives to their unavailable players. Here is a look at the most significant absences in European football this weekend.
Alex Oxlade-Chamberlainn will be unavailable when Arsenal take on Stoke on Saturday. The player sustained a hamstring injury in the 2-0 victory over Southampton. It is yet to be seen if the player will return for this season.
Leicester will have to manage for the remaining games without Danny Drinkwater. The midfielder has been one of the team’s top players. However, the player sustained a thigh strain in the game against Watford. He should be back in training in around one month.
Lucas Digne suffered a hamstring injury in Barcelona’s victory over Villareal. The player had to be substituted. The injury was confirmed by Barcelona through an official statement.
Real Madrid’s Raphael Varane is back in training. However, doubts linger over Gareth Bale and Dani Carvajal’s presences after injuries had sidelined both players.
Sami Khedira of Juventus sustained a hamstring injury against Monaco in the Champions League. Juve staff have confirmed the injury is not serious. He might be rested in Sunday’s derby against Roma, but may make an appearance in next week’s Coppa Italia final. Claudio Marchisio may also miss the game against Roma. The player’s situation is currently being evaluated by medical staff. He is expected to play the final against Lazio.
Roma have their own worries for the game against Juve. Prolific striker Edin Dzeko will be unavailable due to a calf injury. Dzeko has been vital for his team, scoring 27 goals in the Serie A this season.
West Ham will be without captain Mark Noble for the last two EPL games. Noble will undergo surgery for abdominal issues. Club staff reported the player had played through pain in recent games. Medical officials strongly advised the player get the surgery sooner rather than later.
Liverpool could be without Brazilian stars Roberto Firmino and Lucas Leiva. Both are dealing with minor injury concerns. Their absences have not been confirmed by the club, however it would represent an important step back in helping the team achieve their desired top four finish in the Premier League.
Alex Oxlade-ChamberlainnPremier LeaguePremier League injuries and suspensionsRoberto FirminoSami Khedira
Jurgen Klopp’s change of tactics in the absence of Virgil van Dijk
Most underrated Premier League players in 2020
The five biggest absences in this week’s Premier League matches
5 players that could replace Zlatan Ibrahimovic in fantasy MLS
Here’s our idea for your La Liga fantasy football team for this weekend
FootballCoin to end XFC swap from Counterparty on April 30th 2020
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Best Building Games to Play in 2017
Updated: 07 Nov 2016 9:11 am
Part of a long line of beloved building games, Civilization VI was released just this October, 2016.
BY: MacKenzie R
The Best Games for Players Who Love to Construct
A wave of “building” games has hit the market in recent years. These days, even games that are not building games might have a building feature. Fallout 4 comes to mind, with its main plot and cast of definitive characters—plus an optional “settlement” element in which you can choose to manage, construct, and provide for a struggling band of wastelanders.
Whether you are looking for a more building-centric game or a game with building elements, 2017 offers a lot to choose from as far as construction.
The developers' website says to think of it like Mad Max with samurai.
This single player sandbox game released in Alpha by Lofi Games is a completely open, “Sword Punk” style survival experience in a post-apocalyptic setting.
Kenshi’s has some construction elements that will most likely be expanded in later updates. For those of you who don’t choose to drift the sands like an, ahem, lone wanderer, there’s the option of trying to build a settlement. Defend it from bloodthirsty raiders, mercenaries, and other unsavory types who might stumble upon your sanctuary in the sands.
If you like a challenge, Kenshi’s worth picking up. There are tutorials on YouTube to help beginners on the learning curve of Kenshi’s unique gameplay.
7 Days to Die dishes out a pretty intense serving of zombies alongside its building elements.
For a different flavor of building game, you might try out 7 Days to Die, a post-nuclear survival horror for players who want to face off against irradiated zombies.
Your main focus in this game by The Fun Pimps is to stay alive as long as possible. In particular, players are challenged to survive through the nights, with the days as reprieves in which players can prepare for the next wave of horrors.
There you are chopping firewood for long winter, when one of these pops out.
The building features in 7 Days to Die are geared toward survival. Since the zombies in this game do more than just shamble, even climbing and digging to get to their prey (that’s you), the player must build a fort with traps and strong walls.
You can also craft weapons, but beware! 7 Days to Die features object degradation, so reinforce those doors… or the creepies might come crawling.
Just you and a shelter against the wide, wild world.
Facepunch Studios’ survival game has a unique feature: it’s multiplayer only. You can choose to wander alone, but the old saying about safety in numbers applies in Rust’s harsh wilderness. There’s strong incentive for players to band together with their fellows to protect from bears, wolves, and—even more dangerous—other players.
Rust has been compared to Minecraft crossed with DayZ—makes sense, since Rust was originally created as a clone of DayZ with some added crafting elements. Originally, the game had zombies, but they were replaced with more conventional forest beasts during development.
Shield your family from the elements of this harsh nuclear world—including other people.
Much like other games on this list, Sheltered by Might and Delight studios is a survival game with strategy. Sheltered differs a bit, though, and not just in its appearance of pastels and pixels.
Instead of protecting yourself or other players, Sheltered supplies the player with a family in a nuclear bunker. The player must protect their family by considering all the various dangers of a nuclear holocaust.
The 2D and the gentler colors make for a different tone than some of the other choices on the list.
For one, the shelter will break down over time, so you must rebuild and supply materials to maintain it using a crafting system and work bench. And second, you and your family are not alone in this world. The remnants of the nuclear apocalypse roam outside your shelter, and you have to be smart to keep them out.
You can play Sheltered passively or aggressively, in a range of different ways—whatever it takes to keep your family alive.
There’s something to be said for Hurtworld’s name representing its content. Multiple platforms describe it as a “hardcore multiplayer survival FPS” set in a grassland that looks a bit like the Australian outback.
Hurtworld is geared more toward the challenge of staying alive. Exploring deeper into the world’s maps yields better resources for crafting and conquering the big bad world—like vehicle parts and weapons upgrades—but it also yields stronger and more terrifying foes.
Players might choose to group and fight the challenges of this hurtful world together—or they might choose to turn on each other for profit and, just maybe, some fun.
Just how far will you go… to farm?
The best part of this “country life simulator” from indie developer concernedape is constructing your perfect farm. The game features an extensive array of crafting options for various purposes, whether to light up your landscape at night or turn eggs into mayonnaise.
In common with the others, Stardew Valley has RPG elements—a flexible character creation menu, for instance, and an action-RPG combat system. The game features colorful, original art, and music composed by concernedape.
Enlist the local carpenter to upgrade your house, beautify the family farm, and make friends with a unique cast of characters in this dreamy village by the sea.
The Elder Scrolls V: Skyrim - Hearthfire
Hearthfire is the second DLC installment for the open-world action RPG Skyrim, released by Bethesda originally in 2011.
If you liked Skyrim but felt it was missing something, you might be pleased by the Hearthfire expansion. As implied by the name “hearth” and “fire,” your adventurer can now have a place to hang his hat at the end of the day: a home, sweet home that can be built with an added construction and crafting system.
Now, you can build one of several types of houses and have children. You can also populate the home with furniture created at the carpenter’s bench.
Hearthfire received mixed reviews upon its release, but the modding community leapt into action and released mods such as “Hearthfire extended,” which allows players to build and place furniture everywhere instead of in only fixed locations.
Players might also hire guards to protect their assets or take on different types of servants to care for the grounds. Among other features, “Hearthfire extended” offers an expanded basement, honey-giving beehives, milkable cows, and the construction of structures such as windmills and wells.
However you choose to play, Hearthfire could be the added spice to a tired Skyrim routine.
Since being developed by Introversion Software and published by Double Eleven on October 6, 2016, the hit building simulator Prison Architect has sold over two million copies.
Prison Architect features a top-down 2d view of a private prison, which you build from the ground up and manage.
Players must build cells and facilities for their prisoners, the population of which will grow daily. Other features include planning and enabling utilities, hiring staff like workers, guards, and wardens, and setting prisoner schedules to encourage an orderly atmosphere free of contraband and riots.
Are you interested in rehabilitating offenders or ruling your prison like a true dictator? You have the choice to decide in this decidedly darker-flavored building sim.
Released by Paradox Interactive in 2015, Cities: Skylines is familiar as a city-building simulator but adds many interesting features other games of its genre fail to deliver.
In Cities: Skylines, players start with just an area with an exit to the highway, and they build from there. Players will manage their city’s budget, population, various forms of pollution, taxes, laws, public transit, building schools and fire stations and hospitals, water sanitation, infrastructure, and much, much more.
You can play a more goal-oriented game mode where features unlock as you advance, or you can choose the sandbox mode that unlocks all milestones and leaves you free to muck about as you please.
Craft The World
In Craft the World, gamers start with a single dwarf with the intention of accumulating an entire band of dwarves. Once you have your dwarves, you will build a fortress for them, allocating different dwarves to different forms of resource collection—mining, fighting, building, and more.
Craft the World has a much more user-friendly crafting system than others on the list (looking at you, Kenshi), with harvestable blocks to craft with and enemies to defend against at night—much like Minecraft, if that appeals to your building game sensibilities.
An example of a fortress from Craft the World.
Craft the World can be classified as an RTS, a building simulator, and a tower defense game with some magic thrown in for fun.
Once players have dominated their first world, they can open portals to new worlds with new terrain and new weather—will you get an icy mountain range or the unforgiving desert sands?
Sid Meier’s Civilization® VI
This latest installment in the long-running Civilization series contains many familiar elements, especially from its predecessor, Civilization V.
How will you choose to direct your empire? Religion? Culture? Warfare?
If you liked Civilization V but felt it had some flaws, there’s a good chance you’ll like Civilization VI. The developers targeted features in Civilization V many saw as flawed in order to make improvements. For instance, the map has changed in important ways, such as city features being spread out and organized into “districts”—rather than stacked as in Civilization V.
Sid Meier’s Civilization VI has been long-awaited by fans of the series, but even newcomers should enjoy this installment.
A number of other features have been improved, including more elaborate technology trees. And if that phrase does not make sense to you, I suggest you give Sid Meier’s Civilization VI a shot.
11 Awesome Building Games to Play in 2015
11 Best City-Building Games to Play in 2015
Cities: Skylines: 10 Awesome Facts About This Awesome City-Building Game
MacKenzie R
Mackenzie enjoys playing League of Legends in her spare time but makes sure she doesn't miss out on big RPGs like Sykrim and Dragon Age too.
Currently Playing: League of Legends
Top 3 Favorite Games:Dragon Age: Inquisition, The Walking Dead, Fallout: New Vegas
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Home / Kia Models / 2021 Kia Models / 2021 Kia K5 vs 2020 Kia Optima
The first-ever U.S. Kia K5 has hit the streets here in Tampa Bay and is available now at Friendly Kia. The 2021 Kia K5 is taking the long-standing spot of the Kia Optima, which has had its final run in 2020. The 2020 Optima offers everything shoppers and drivers have loved about the Optima in one final package. With the K5 taking over for the fan-favorite Optima, many are wondering how the two compare.
This 2021 Kia K5 vs 2020 Kia Optima comparison guide is putting these two Kia sedans head-to-head to show off what’s the same and what’s changed in the crossover from Optima to K5. Keep reading to see what the first-ever Kia K5 is bringing to Tampa Bay and to see what the Kia Optima is leaving behind as its lasting legacy.
View Our Kia K5 & Optima Inventory Now!
2021 Kia K5 LX
2021 Kia K5 LXS
$23,490 Starting MSRP $23,390
1.6-liter 4-cylinder engine Base Engine 2.4-liter 4-cylinder engine
180 horsepower | 195 pound-feet of torque Base Power Specs 185 horsepower | 178 pound-feet of torque
290 horsepower | 311 pound-feet of torque Max. Power Specs 245 horsepower | 260 pound-feet of torque
Available All-Wheel Drive Not Available
Standard Wireless Apple CarPlay® and Android Auto™ Optional
Available Safe Exit Assist Not Available
Kia K5 Offers Safety Improvements Over Kia Optima
For starters, the 2021 Kia K5 offers something many sedan-lovers have been hoping for – all-wheel drive. The 2020 Kia Optima is offered only in a front-wheel-drive format, whereas the K5 offers both front-wheel- and all-wheel-drive variations. The 2021 K5 comes standard in front-wheel drive with a 1.6-liter turbo 4-cylinder engine. The base K5 delivers 180 horsepower and 195 pound-feet of torque, which is comparable to the 185 horsepower and 178 pound-feet of torque produced by the base 2020 Optima.
The K5, however, offers a major jump in power compared to the Optima when equipped with the available 2.5-liter turbo 4-cylinder engine. Equipped with this engine beneath its hood, the Kia K5 GT can deliver up to 290 horsepower and 311 pound-feet of torque on the road. The 2020 Optima maxes out at a respectable 245 horsepower and 260 pound-feet of torque on the road.
Aside from power output and exterior design cues, a majority of the features and tech found within the K5 and Optima are the same. Both models offer standard and wireless Apple CarPlay® and Android Auto™ depending on the trim level, a standard 8-inch touchscreen infotainment center, Lane Keeping and Lane Following Assist Technology, standard cloth seating, and more.
The 2021 K5 offers a more expansive array of Kia Drive Wise safety technology, bringing in updates and new features not found in the outgoing Optima model. Some new additions to the Drive Wise suite of available features for the K5 include Safe Exit Assist, Highway Driving Assist, Navigation-based Smart Cruise Control – Curve, Rear Occupant Alert, and Driver Attention Warning with Leading Vehicle Departure Alert.
For more information on the 2021 Kia K5 or the 2020 Kia Optima in Tampa Bay, contact a member of the Friendly Kia staff today.
Interested in the Kia K5 or Kia Optima?
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Cheap Clear Aligners Ebay Used
In June, the thin, transparent plastic trays that fit over her leading and bottom teeth can be found in the mail. McKinney is overcoming the series gradually, swapping the very first set for the next, and the next, as her teeth move. It’ll take about nine months in all. But after three months of wearing these trays almost every day and night, McKinney is delighted about flaunting her new smile (Cheap Clear Aligners Ebay Used).
Danny Menendez/ BuzzFeed News Inside among SmileDirectClub’s New york city City places. SmileDirectClub’s business model seems working. Align Technology– the business that makes Invisalign, SmileDirect’s main competitor– invested $46.7 million to become SmileDirect’s unique supplier last year, and this year invested another $12.8 million, to own an overall of 19% of the company.
Meanwhile, lookalikes have released with comparable services: Orthly, introduced by 2 University of Pennsylvania trainees, now uses services to customers in Philadelphia, and Honest Co. released in New York this summertime. A SmileDirect consumer can be matched with among 225 associated dental professionals or orthodontists in all 50 states. These dental specialists from another location examine client cases and after that develop the aligners that SmileDirect sends out in the mail.
The business decreased to name any of the physician within its network, and would not supply information about its financial relationships with them. “Essentially they are gathering payments and paying us marketing costs,” Fenkell stated.”I think that claim is rather phony,” AAO’s basic counsel Dillard said. “The customers do not even see a dental professional.
(SmileDirectClub has a two-star ranking on Yelp.) And lots of professional dental professionals are alarmed that clients never ever see a licensed doctor prior to or during their treatment.”It blew my mind,” Casi Stubbs, a Florida orthodontist and member of the American Association of Orthodontists, told BuzzFeed News. Like normal orthodontists, SmileDirect’s dentists base their prescriptions on computer system simulations of mouth scans.
“The teeth do not move biologically like they do on the computer system,” Stubbs stated. One of her clients, 60-year-old Charlene Burnham, is a SmileDirect client whose too-tight aligners cut her gums, exposing part of her tooth near the root. Burnham told BuzzFeed News she invested a week trying– and failing– to talk to a SmileDirect dentist on the phone, then went to Stubbs for aid.”They were bleeding, they were cut to the root,” Burnham stated.
“I was appalled.”A SmileDirect representative told BuzzFeed News by e-mail that company-affiliated dental professionals “track the client’s development throughout treatment at regular intervals.”The company “facilitates the interactions” of clients and dental suppliers, the agent stated. “Oral companies interact straight with clients through the consumer portal and by means of SMS or phone when proper or shown.”In a YouTube video that’s been viewed over 21,000 times since June, Baltimore orthodontist Jeffrey Miller cautioned people far from the service, stating that no orthodontist would ever recommend aligners without very first taking the X-rays that SmileDirect skips.
(The video was eliminated after this story released.)Grant Olson, a dental expert in Springfield, Missouri, informed BuzzFeed News that the company’s item marketing, which compares itself with orthodontist-fitted Invisalign, is misleading. Unlike Invisalign trays, which orthodontists can enhance by sticking special attachments on a tooth, SmileDirect’s product is limited to very small corrections: The aligners can remedy a tilt, but can’t move a tooth’s orientation or position in addition to its root.
He described that SmileDirect-affiliated orthodontists only authorize cases that appropriate for a remote consultation and do not require follow-up dental check outs (Cheap Clear Aligners Ebay Used). Laws for dental practitioners differ across states, but there are some typical styles in the 36 grievances sent out by the AAO: Some states consider making impressions and offering retainers to be the role of a licensed doctor, however SmileDirectClub normally provides those services.
AAO basic counsel Dillard also told BuzzFeed News that the company’s organisation model incentivizes dentists affiliated with SmileDirect to recommend the trays even if they aren’t needed. Danny Menendez/ BuzzFeed News Although the business hasn’t brought in the attention of regulators yet, customer complaints are plentiful online. TL; DR: Prepare for a bumpy ride.
The vast bulk of customers in these groups resign themselves to dealing with the snags since there are just no other alternatives (Cheap Clear Aligners Ebay Used).”If you can be patient, want a budget-friendly strategy, SDC IS the ideal way to go! Having a positive mindset and being patient goes a LONG method,” Melanie Masso wrote to BuzzFeed News.
For lots of other clients, the trip is a bust. Seattle resident Melissa Gulick told BuzzFeed News that at the end of almost a year of treatment, the aligners have actually destroyed her bite: Her front teeth touch before her molars can make contact (Cheap Clear Aligners Ebay Used). “I’m pretty annoyed– food is difficult to chew now and they won’t repair it!”Gulick stated that after complaints to the business, SmileDirectClub agreed to continue treatment free of charge.
When inquired about grievances that the trays ruined consumers’ bites, a SmileDirect representative told BuzzFeed News: “Over 95% of our consumers total treatment and approve their ended up brand-new smile. It is essential to keep in mind that with any orthodontic treatment, bites will continue to move till the treatment is completed.”Another customer, 24-year-old Drexel College student Kacie Durham, told BuzzFeed News that SmileDirectClub sent her a simulated treatment strategy that made her teeth look even worse.”It really made my teeth appear more misaligned at the bottom,” she stated.
Durham returned her trays and obtained a refund. Later, an orthodontist not connected with the company informed her that her teeth would have to be filed and formed prior to they could be lined up. Durham felt duped: SmileDirect had authorized her for a treatment that would never have actually worked.”If a possible client is dissatisfied with the 3d preview of his/her smile, there is no responsibility to purchase aligners,” the SmileDirectClub representative said (Cheap Clear Aligners Ebay Used).
Minelle Tendler, a Boca Raton orthodontist, joined one of the greatest Facebook groups, the 11,800-member SmileDirectClub Support, after 2 of her patients inquired about the product. In perusing the posts that appear in her Facebook feed, Tendler said that she’s not seen anyone state they’ve been able to talk to a dental professional at the company.
“You’re asking someone who has no oral background, ‘Is this going to work?'”More than once, Tendler has stopped short of responding to threads on the forum. She rests on her hands because the clients are not hers. “I’m looking at the pictures and thinking, Oh my god, you require to get teeth gotten, don’t do it.”Primarily, she is stressed that people who are charmed by SmileDirectClub’s low cost aren’t fully familiar with the downsides of skipping an oral visit.
A previous variation of this article misidentified him as an orthodontist. Align Innovation owns 19% of SmileDirectClub. A previous version of this story stated it was 17%. Likewise, SmileDirectClub began operating in North Carolina in early October. A previous variation of this story, based upon an August interview with cofounder Alex Fenkell, stated that the company was not running in North Carolina.
Mail-in aligners may seem like an excellent choice for a small repair. However remember you’re not the specialist on how minimal a fix your teeth require. “It’s tough to go from something that’s 90% great to make it 100% ideal; in my experience, I find that these are the harder cases,” Dr.
The results of utilizing invisible aligners can be incredibly unforeseeable, due to the fact that some individuals respond well to them and others won’t. “It’s extremely difficult to monitor this on your own, because– like everything in medication– not everybody responds the same,” he states. The real problem includes determining how to correct your smile if you’re not responding correctly to the retainers, he states.
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Smile Direct Club Toronto
In June, the thin, transparent plastic trays that fit over her top and bottom teeth can be found in the mail. McKinney is resolving the series gradually, swapping the very first set for the next, and the next, as her teeth move. It’ll take about 9 months in all. However after 3 months of wearing these trays nearly every day and night, McKinney is excited about showing off her new smile (Smile Direct Club Toronto).
Danny Menendez/ BuzzFeed News Inside among SmileDirectClub’s New york city City locations. SmileDirectClub’s organisation model appears to be working. Align Technology– the business that makes Invisalign, SmileDirect’s main competitor– invested $46.7 million to end up being SmileDirect’s special provider last year, and this year invested another $12.8 million, to own an overall of 19% of the business.
On the other hand, lookalikes have actually launched with comparable services: Orthly, introduced by two University of Pennsylvania trainees, now provides services to clients in Philadelphia, and Candid Co. launched in New york city this summer season. A SmileDirect consumer can be matched with one of 225 associated dental experts or orthodontists in all 50 states. These oral professionals remotely review patient cases and then develop the aligners that SmileDirect sends in the mail.
The company declined to name any of the medical experts within its network, and would not offer details about its monetary relationships with them. “Essentially they are collecting payments and paying us marketing fees,” Fenkell said.”I believe that claim is rather fake,” AAO’s basic counsel Dillard said. “The customers do not even see a dental practitioner.
(SmileDirectClub has a two-star rating on Yelp.) And numerous professional dental professionals are alarmed that customers never see a licensed medical professional before or during their treatment.”It blew my mind,” Casi Stubbs, a Florida orthodontist and member of the American Association of Orthodontists, told BuzzFeed News. Like typical orthodontists, SmileDirect’s dental professionals base their prescriptions on computer simulations of mouth scans.
“The teeth do not move biologically like they do on the computer system,” Stubbs said. Among her patients, 60-year-old Charlene Burnham, is a SmileDirect client whose too-tight aligners cut her gums, exposing part of her tooth near the root. Burnham told BuzzFeed News she spent a week attempting– and stopping working– to speak with a SmileDirect dentist on the phone, then went to Stubbs for aid.”They were bleeding, they were cut to the root,” Burnham stated.
“I was appalled.”A SmileDirect representative informed BuzzFeed News by e-mail that company-affiliated dentists “track the patient’s development throughout treatment at routine intervals.”The company “helps with the communications” of clients and oral companies, the representative stated. “Oral service providers communicate directly with patients through the consumer website and through SMS or phone when proper or shown.”In a YouTube video that’s been viewed over 21,000 times since June, Baltimore orthodontist Jeffrey Miller alerted individuals far from the service, stating that no orthodontist would ever prescribe aligners without very first taking the X-rays that SmileDirect skips.
(The video was gotten rid of after this story released.)Grant Olson, a dentist in Springfield, Missouri, informed BuzzFeed News that the business’s item marketing, which compares itself with orthodontist-fitted Invisalign, is deceiving. Unlike Invisalign trays, which orthodontists can optimize by sticking unique accessories on a tooth, SmileDirect’s item is restricted to really small corrections: The aligners can correct a tilt, however can’t move a tooth’s orientation or position along with its root.
He explained that SmileDirect-affiliated orthodontists just authorize cases that are suitable for a remote consultation and do not require follow-up dental check outs (Smile Direct Club Toronto). Laws for dental practitioners differ across states, but there are some common themes in the 36 grievances sent by the AAO: Some states think about making impressions and supplying retainers to be the function of a licensed physician, however SmileDirectClub usually provides those services.
AAO basic counsel Dillard also informed BuzzFeed News that the company’s business model incentivizes dental professionals connected with SmileDirect to recommend the trays even if they aren’t needed. Danny Menendez/ BuzzFeed News Although the business hasn’t brought in the attention of regulators yet, consumer complaints abound online. TL; DR: Get ready for a bumpy ride.
The large bulk of clients in these groups resign themselves to handling the snags because there are just no other alternatives (Smile Direct Club Toronto).”If you can be patient, want an affordable strategy, SDC IS the proper way to go! Having a positive mindset and being patient goes a LONG method,” Melanie Masso wrote to BuzzFeed News.
For lots of other clients, the trip is a bust. Seattle resident Melissa Gulick informed BuzzFeed News that at the end of nearly a year of treatment, the aligners have actually ruined her bite: Her front teeth touch prior to her molars can make contact (Smile Direct Club Toronto). “I’m pretty frustrated– food is hard to chew now and they won’t repair it!”Gulick said that after problems to the business, SmileDirectClub consented to continue treatment for free.
When inquired about grievances that the trays destroyed clients’ bites, a SmileDirect representative told BuzzFeed News: “Over 95% of our clients total treatment and accept their ended up new smile. It is very important to bear in mind that with any orthodontic procedure, bites will continue to shift up until the treatment is completed.”Another customer, 24-year-old Drexel College student Kacie Durham, informed BuzzFeed News that SmileDirectClub sent her a simulated treatment plan that made her teeth look worse.”It actually made my teeth appear more crooked at the bottom,” she stated.
Durham returned her trays and made an application for a refund. Later, an orthodontist not connected with the business told her that her teeth would have to be submitted and shaped prior to they might be aligned. Durham felt duped: SmileDirect had approved her for a treatment that would never have actually worked.”If a possible client is dissatisfied with the 3d preview of his/her smile, there is no commitment to acquire aligners,” the SmileDirectClub agent said (Smile Direct Club Toronto).
Minelle Tendler, a Boca Raton orthodontist, joined one of the most significant Facebook groups, the 11,800-member SmileDirectClub Assistance, after 2 of her patients inquired about the item. In perusing the posts that appear in her Facebook feed, Tendler said that she’s not seen anybody say they have actually been able to talk with a dental professional at the business.
“You’re asking someone who has no dental background, ‘Is this going to work?'”More than as soon as, Tendler has stopped short of responding to threads on the online forum. She sits on her hands because the clients are not hers. “I’m taking a look at the photos and thinking, Oh my god, you require to get teeth gotten, don’t do it.”Primarily, she is stressed that people who are charmed by SmileDirectClub’s low cost aren’t fully mindful of the downsides of avoiding a dental see.
A previous variation of this short article misidentified him as an orthodontist. Align Innovation owns 19% of SmileDirectClub. A previous variation of this story stated it was 17%. Also, SmileDirectClub started running in North Carolina in early October. A previous variation of this story, based on an August interview with cofounder Alex Fenkell, stated that the business was not running in North Carolina.
Mail-in aligners might appear like a good option for a slight fix. However bear in mind you’re not the professional on how very little a repair your teeth need. “It’s tough to go from something that’s 90% excellent to make it 100% perfect; in my experience, I find that these are the more difficult cases,” Dr.
The outcomes of using undetectable aligners can be exceptionally unforeseeable, since some individuals react well to them and others will not. “It’s really difficult to monitor this by yourself, because– like whatever in medicine– not everybody reacts the exact same,” he says. The genuine problem features determining how to fix your smile if you’re not responding correctly to the retainers, he states.
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Tokyo to begin seeking names for star giant panda cub
TOKYO (AP) - Japan's capital says it will start collecting suggestions this week for the name of a recently born giant panda cub.
Tokyo's Ueno Zoo, Japan's oldest, has not shown the cub directly to the public. But it released a video of the cub born on June 12 showing the squeaky baby snuggling with its mother, ShinShin. The female cub already has the characteristic black and white panda pattern in its fur and its eyes have opened.
ShinShin's last cub was born in 2012 and survived only six days. The newcomer appears to be thriving, and is sure to draw huge crowds once it goes on display.
The city government has said it will accept name suggestions online and also in a suggestion box at the zoo. Local reports said the panda will be named when it is about 100 days old.
About 420 giant pandas live in captivity, mostly in their native China, while about 1,860 live in the wild.
For decades, China gifted friendly nations with its unofficial national mascot, in what was known as "panda diplomacy." The country more recently has loaned pandas to zoos on commercial terms. Eventually, the cubs born overseas must be returned to China.
But in the meantime, Japan is rejoicing in having a new giant panda to coo over.
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Visit by COVID-infected official closes Washington Monument
By AP author
UNITED STATES - DECEMBER 7: The Washington Monument is pictured from the Thomas Jefferson Memorial before Sen. Mark Warner, D-Va., was presented the National Park Foundations Hero award for his leadership in passing the Great American Outdoors Act an
WASHINGTON - The Trump administration abruptly closed the Washington Monument over exposure concerns from a recent visit by Interior Secretary David Bernhardt, who tested positive this week for the coronavirus.
Interior spokesman Nicholas Goodwin said Friday "a couple" of employees have quarantined since Bernhardt's visit, "resulting in a temporary workforce reduction at the monument and its temporary closure." The park service posted a brief notice of the closure on its website sometime Thursday.
An official with an independent advocacy group for national parks and park workers on Friday criticized Bernhardt, saying the interior secretary had failed to protect health and safety overall during the pandemic .
Bernhardt had been slow to allow closing of national parks to limit infection among park employees, visitors and local residents, said Kristen Brengel, a vice president of the National Parks Conservation Association. National park employees also have expressed concern at he and other Interior officials continuing to visit national parks and other federal sites during the pandemic, Brengel said.
"It really is putting your own interest over the health and safety of park staff, is what it comes down to," she said.
Goodwin said in an email that "the health and safety of the public and our employees is our top priority."
"Interior has an incredible team of more than 60 public health professionals on staff that have been leading the Department’s pandemic response efforts with the Secretary and other members of leadership over the past year," he said.
Goodwin said the Washington Monument, normally one of the capital's most visited sites, would reopen Monday, with tickets going on sale Sunday.
The closure comes after the Interior Department disclosed Wednesday, after an inquiry from The Washington Post, that Bernhardt had tested positive for the coronavirus.
Bernhardt was quarantining and was currently without symptoms, Goodwin said in an email that day. Interior officials did not respond to questions Thursday and Friday about the secretary's current condition. Nor have they said how Bernhardt may have been exposed.
The National Park Service has been requiring members of the public to wear face masks and take other COVID-19 precautions at the monument since at least Oct. 1. Goodwin said no park worker at the monument has tested positive for COVID-19 since then.
Bernhardt had been wearing a mask and otherwise following recommendations of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention throughout his visit, Goodwin said.
Eleanor Holmes Norton, the capitol's representative in Congress, wrote to the National Park Service head earlier this month, saying she was concerned the monument was not being operated safely and asking that it be shut down.
Norton cited reports that "visitors are not uniformly following mask and social-distancing guidelines while on federal property, including inside the Washington Monument’s elevator."
"These behaviors put NPS employees and the public at significant risk," she said.
In the letter, Norton said she had learned of four infections and one hospitalization among park service workers on the National Mall, which includes the Washington Monument. Goodwin did not immediately respond to questions about coronavirus infections among park service employees and other Interior staffers on Friday.
D.C. is in an intensified phase of official precautions for the pandemic, including limits on public gatherings and recommendations for nonessential workers to stay home.
FREE DOWNLOAD: Get breaking news alerts in the FOX6 News app for iOS or Android
Bernhardt is one of numerous Trump administration staffers and officials to test positive for the coronavirus. That includes President Donald Trump, who was hospitalized in October after contracting COVID-19.
Bernhardt’s and the park service’s social media feed have shown him keeping up a busy schedule of visits to national parks and other sites under his agency during the pandemic. Posts show Bernhardt wearing a mask during those visits more frequently now than in the first months of the pandemic.
In the photos, uniformed National Park Service employees often are the people standing nearest him, often without masks.
Are coronavirus vaccines safe for pregnant women?
Pregnant women were excluded from clinical trials, so there is no indication one way or another what the impact could be.
Awaiting FDA approval of the Moderna COVID-19 vaccine
One week after the FDA issued emergency use of the Pfizer COVID-19 vaccine, Moderna's vaccine is expected to receive similar treatment.
Medical College of WI clears up COVID-19 myths, misconceptions
The Medical College of Wisconsin wants to clear up any myths or misconceptions people might have towards the coronavirus vaccination.
Human trafficking a $150B industry; ages 11-14 highly recruited
Waukesha County correctional officer accused of sexual assault in jail
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Juneau kicker's booming leg turns heads, draws national attention
By Lily Zhao
FOX6 News Milwaukee
Juneau kicker’s booming leg turns heads, draws national attention
Andrew Benzing's powerful leg earned him an invite to a national kicking competition. Now, it could earn him a college roster spot.
JUNEAU, Wis. - At Dodgeland High School in Juneau -- a city with just over 2,700 people -- there is a star in the making.
That star would be Andrew Benzing, who is hoping his booming leg can kick open a few doors for him post-graduation.
"I kind of defy how kickers are built, pretty much being 6-6. It’s not your average size for a kicker," Andrew said.
Andrew is a natural kicking from 50 yards in. The Trojans starting kicker and punter the past three seasons, the senior has been extremely accurate. In his career, he is 48-of-51 on extra points and has made both of his field goal attempts.
But it's his range that's truly impressive.
"My farthest is 63 yards, so I feel fairly confident inside 50," said Andrew.
Andrew Benzing
Andrew's talent helped him win the Golden Boot Award at the Kicking World Field Goal Competition this summer. It earned him an invite to the Kicking World National Showcase in Austin, Texas -- a two-day event where he competed against the best high school kicks from around the country.
"I was kind of like an underdog pretty much," Andrew said. "I walked in there, and all these kids have been saying how they went to all these different camps and it was my first ever camp kicking a football. I was kind of shocked a little bit."
Nevertheless, Andrew represented his hometown and finished tied for second place. He went 7-for-7 through 50 yards before falling just short of a 55-yard field goal.
"It was pretty cool. It was fun. I just went out there and had fun," said Andrew.
It also helped to have the support of his biggest cheerleader the entire way -- his mom, Tina Benzing.
"Smalltown boy living a big town dream," Tina said. "It is beyond words to think that his hard work, his dedication, and the passion he had for it ended up working out so wonderfully for him. It was amazing."
Andrew's progression is something that even he didn't see coming.
"It really wasn’t in my gameplan to try and kick in college, until I realized this summer that I was a lot better than I thought," said Andrew.
Now, his golden foot has caught the eye of several colleges -- including Wisconsin Lutheran and UW-Platteville.
In the future, maybe Andrew could be kicking on Sundays. For now, he's content on making that next leap in college.
"I’d love to earn a scholarship or a preferred walk-on somewhere, and hopefully make it big enough to where my name is known in this town," Andrew said.
Safe to say, he's already made it.
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Bucks' Middleton, 'passionate about' giving back, gifts 200 coats
Milwaukee Bucks' Khris Middleton teamed up with UnitedHealthcare to give out around 200 coats and hats as part of his "12 Days of Khrismas" holiday initiative.
'Go-getter' King football star creates clothing line during COVID-19
There’s no slowing down Jerry Cross on the field for Rufus King or in life.
'Girls can play:' Twins turn heads on youth football team
With the Cardinals' season now over, the Klug twins will decide if they want to continue on next year, but they hope they've set an example on the field.
MPS students reflect on COVID challenges during virtual MLK event
Milwaukee police: 4 shot, wounded in separate incidents, no arrests made
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China slams US for escalating trade war: It's 'naked economic terrorism'
By Katherine LamFOXBusiness
China ready to use rare earths in trade war
Dean Cheng, of the Heritage Foundation Asian Studies Center, on the mounting Trump administration trade tensions with China.
As both sides inch closer to a full-on trade war, China lashed out again at the U.S., arguing that Washington “deliberately provoking trade disputes” is equivalent to “naked economic terrorism.”
Chinese Vice Foreign Minister Zhang Hanhui spoke to reporters in Beijing, China, and said Thursday the country isn't frightened of a trade war with the U.S.
The two countries have been embroiled in a standoff that escalated earlier this month when President Trump increased tariffs on $200 billion worth of Chinese imports to 25 percent. China hit back at the U.S. by announcing plans to raise tariffs on $60 billion worth of American products starting next month.
“We oppose a trade war but are not afraid of a trade war. This kind of deliberately provoking trade disputes is naked economic terrorism, economic chauvinism, economic bullying,” Zhang said, according to Reuters.
Zhang said there are no winners in a trade war, adding that a U.S.-China “trade clash will have a serious negative effect on global economic development and recovery.”
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The senior Chinese diplomat also mentioned an upcoming meeting between Chinese President Xi Jinping and Russian President Vladimir Putin in Russia.
“We will definitely properly deal with all external challenges, do our own thing well, develop our economy, and continue to raise the living standards of our two peoples,” Zhang told reporters. “At the same time, we have the confidence, resolve and ability to safeguard our country’s sovereignty, security, respect and security and development interests.”
The U.S. also escalated the trade standoff by placing Chinese tech giant Huawei on a blacklist that prevents U.S. companies from supplying computer chips, software and other components to the company without government approval. Google, which provides its Android operating system for Huawei smartphones, announced it was issuing a ban in conjunction with President Trump’s executive order.
Chinese tech giant Huawei was placed on a blacklist by the U.S. (AP)
But shortly after announcing the ban, Google said it was halting its plan after the U.S. Commerce Department granted a 90-day license for companies and Internet providers to coordinate with the Chinese tech giant in an effort to help existing customers.
Amid the Huawei blacklist and trade sanctions, China reminded the U.S. on Wednesday that it still had more ammo to unleash, specifically rare earth minerals.
Chinese state media warned that Beijing could cut the U.S. off from exotic minerals that are widely used in electric cars and mobile phones. Rare earth minerals are a group of 17 metals that have been deemed critical by the U.S. Geological Survey for multiple sectors in the U.S., including national defense. China accounts for more than 90 percent of global production, the U.S. Geological Survey reported.
Facing new trade sanctions and a U.S. clampdown on its top telecommunications company, China issued a pointed reminder on Wednesday that it has yet to unleash all its weapons in its trade war with the Trump administration. (AP)
“As Chinese officials have reiterated, they have a ‘toolbox’ large enough to fix any problem that may arise as trade tensions escalate, and they are ready to fight back ‘at any cost’,” state-run China Daily newspaper said in an editorial on the same day Zhang made his comments.
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“It would be naive to think that China does not have other countermeasures apart from rare earths to hand.”
Fox Business’ Megan Henney and The Associated Press contributed to this report.
Small businesses being suffocated by Dems' overbearing policies, GOP must fight for them: Rep. Luetkemeyer
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Published July 10
Most Uber, Lyft drivers in Seattle not poorly paid: Study
8% of drivers earned less than Seattle’s minimum wage
Coronavirus prompts Uber to cut 3,000 more jobs: Report
Uber is reportedly cutting 3,000 additional jobs. FOX Business’ Stuart Varney with more.
(Reuters) - Most ride-hail workers in Seattle are part-time drivers whose earnings are roughly in line with the city’s median, a study of data provided by Uber and Lyft showed, defying some perceptions of drivers working full-time for little pay.
The Cornell University study, published on Monday, comes as lawmakers in several U.S. cities and states debate the future of the gig economy and whether workers should be treated as employees rather than independent contractors.
UBER EXPANDS 'NAME YOUR PRICE' FEATURE TO MORE CALIFORNIA CITIES
The study examined 14,000 drivers during one week in October 2019 and showed that 75% of Seattle drivers work fewer than 20 hours per week, with only 5% working full-time. The authors say it was the first time real-world data directly provided by Uber Technologies Inc and Lyft Inc has been analyzed.
UBER UBER TECHNOLOGIES INC. 55.52 -1.39 -2.44%
LYFT LYFT INC. 47.88 -0.86 -1.77%
The median driver earned roughly $23.30 per hour after expenses and including tips, compared with Seattle’s median of roughly $25.50. But 8% of drivers earned less than Seattle’s minimum wage of about $16, with that share significantly larger among those who drive only occasionally.
UBER LAUNCHES GROCERY DELIVERY
The companies paid to cover the university’s research-associated costs, but did not influence the study’s methodology or outcome, Louis Hyman, a Cornell professor and the lead author, said in an interview on Wednesday.
A driver and passenger wearing protective masks exit the ride-hailing pickup area in a car displaying Uber Technologies signage. (David Paul Morris/Bloomberg via Getty Images)
Hyman said the findings surprised him, as he expected most drivers to be seriously underpaid, but added policymakers might consider an earnings floor to address those making below minimum wage.
The Cornell study has been criticized by two researchers at the University of California, Berkeley, and New York’s New School, who also analyzed the Seattle ride-hailing market.
GET FOX BUSINESS ON THE GO BY CLICKING HERE
Using city data and a driver survey, the researchers found drivers net only about $9.70 an hour, with a third of all drivers working more than 32 hours per week. The researchers said Cornell wrongly included tips and excluded some of the time drivers spend waiting for a trip request.
Hyman responded that the other researchers wrongly calculated tax rates and said his study was based on comprehensive real-world data as opposed to a sample-sized survey.
CLICK HERE TO READ MORE ON FOX BUSINESS
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Published October 30
2 Florida men allegedly used device to fish out mail, mail-in ballots: report
Authorities were making "a politically expedient mountain out of a molehill," a defense lawyer claimed
By Edmund DeMarche | Fox News
Fox News Flash top headlines for October 29
Two suspects in Florida have been arrested after being accused of stealing mail and mail-in ballots earlier this week by using an apparent homemade device capable of lifting letters out of a dropbox, reports said.
TRUMP, BIDEN TRADE BARBS AT FLORIDA RALLY
A police officer in Lighthouse Point, near Fort Lauderdale, spotted a vehicle that seemed to be lingering near a mailbox late Tuesday night, the Sun-Sentinel of South Florida reported.
The officer said he spotted the device, mail and two ballots while questioning the suspects, the report said.
The suspects were identified as Junior Alexander Cabral, 28, and Vladimir Cabral Cuevas, 20.
The mailboxes were also considered ballot drop-off boxes, Miami's WPLG-TV reported.
Suspects Junior Alexander Cabral, 28, and Vladimir Cabral Cuevas, 20.
Richard Cooper, the attorney for Cuevas, told the Sun-Sentinel his client was incorrectly charged by “overzealous law enforcement looking to fill an empty narrative that would make a politically expedient mountain out of a molehill given the proximity to the general election.”
Neither man had a prior conviction and the ballots will be returned to the voters, the newspaper reported.
The U.S. Postal Inspection Service is also investigating. The report said the men were being held on $3,025 bond.
The suspects appeared in court Thursday, where a Broward County judge told them she would not “speculate on the intentions behind the allegations,” the Sun-Sentinel reported.
"But, I do have to take notice of the fact we have a very big election coming up next week and the timing seems to be aggravating in Mr. Cabral’s case," Judge Corey Amanda Cawthon said, according to the paper.
Edmund DeMarche is a senior news editor for FoxNews.com. Follow him on Twitter @EDeMarche.
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UAW, Ford unveil safety video to calm 'worried' workers heading back to factories
Phoebe Wall Howard
Todd Dunn sounded worn out.
He said Sunday, while balancing Mother's Day commitments and union demands, that sending workers back into factories is complicated, not because people don't want to work but because so many autoworkers care for multiple generations in the home and fear for their health and safety during a pandemic.
"It's a mixed bag of emotions," said Dunn, president of UAW Local 862, which represents 14,300 members at the Kentucky Truck and Louisville Assembly plants.
So this is why he plans to distribute on Monday a special safety video made by the UAW-Ford team for factory workers restarting production the week of May 18.
"There's uncertainty, they're worried," Dunn said. "Will my glasses fog up when I'm wearing a face mask? Will the face shields work? There are questions, concerns about how this is going to impact workers up line and down line. I mean, what's the line speed going to be?"
UAW & Ford Detail Safety Protocols in Ford Plants
After being gone from plants since late March, these men and women are scheduled to return to factories to build the Ford Super Duty trucks, Ford Expedition, Ford Escape, Lincoln Corsair and Lincoln Navigator.
"Our families have complex situations, where people are caring for mothers and fathers and mothers-in-law and fathers-in-law and children with juvenile diabetes," Dunn said. "People are concerned about going to work and navigating safely. How am I going to keep myself protected and then bring myself home and go back into a neutral environment?"
Everybody understands the need to get back on the job, Dunn said. "But there will be a different production vibe, a different thought process. We'll be dealing with everything we were before, building trucks, and now all of these extra safety aspects."
More:Ford counts its cash amid pandemic after $70M exec pay exceeds company's profit in 2019
More:UAW plant leader's emotional day: Pleas to management and dread from the line
More:Local UAW leaders challenge Ford to shut down plants, talk walkout amid coronavirus
Be clear, building a truck in less than one minute is nothing short of a miracle, he noted.
People unfamiliar with the rhythm and speed of a factory and the synchronicity required may not appreciate the stress, Dunn said.
Sing 'Happy Birthday'
A 7:49-minute video created by the UAW-Ford team explains how life will change at Ford factories, what's expected of workers and what's in place to protect those workers.
"Cleaning procedures have heightened, where every area where there may be high traffic or touch points will be cleaned more on a regular basis, such as handrails, bathrooms, break areas," said Gerald Kariem, vice president of the UAW-Ford Department. "There will be staggered shifts with time in between those shifts where cleaning can be done as well."
Gary Johnson, Ford chief of manufacturing and labor affairs, said, "It's all preventive to make sure we don't spread the virus inside our complexes."
Workers will see what to expect when they arrive at a Ford plant, and what it looks like to get in line for thermal scanning temperature checks upon entry.
John Savona, vice president of Ford North American manufacturing, said workers are advised to sing "Happy Birthday" two times when washing hands under warm water to protect against the contagion.
"We have a daily cleaning protocol that's going to take place between every shift," he said, also noting that the common spaces will be restricted, cafeterias will be replaced with mini marts.
Face masks will be required of all Ford workers at all times until the threat of COVID-19 subsides, the video says.
"Plants have been reconfigured where there will be turnstiles set up where employees will be able to enter only that particular turnstile," Kariem said. "It's a delicate balance between saving our lives and saving our livelihoods."
In addition to the nearly 8-minute video, Ford has created an abbreviated 2:48-minute safety video with only music for both salaried and hourly workers that shows what to expect at Ford work sites as things return to normal.
Return to Work: Keeping Health and Safety a Top Priority
Ford is calling back approximately 71,000 workers on May 18; 59,300 returning to work in the U.S., 5,300 in Canada and 6,775 in Mexico.
Contact Phoebe Wall Howard at 313-222-6512 orphoward@freepress.com.Follow her on Twitter@phoebesaid. Read more on Ford and sign up for our autos newsletter.
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Methods for obtaining fluid and cellular material from a breast duct
Methods for performing medical procedures within the duct of a breast are described. An exemplary embodiment of the invention includes the steps of introducing a guiding member into a breast duct; introducing and positioning a member having an internal lumen in the breast duct; introducing a wash fluid into the breast duct through the internal lumen; removing washings from the breast duct through the internal lumen; and collecting the washings for cytological analysis.
Love, Susan M. (Pacific Palisades, CA, US)
Barsky, Sanford H. (Los Angeles, CA, US)
424/9.1
A61B10/00; A61K49/00; (IPC1-7): A61K49/00; A61M1/00
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FOREMAN, JONATHAN M
GATES & COOPER LLP (General) (LOS ANGELES, CA, US)
1. A method for obtaining fluid and cellular material from a breast duct comprising: (a) locating at least one breast duct on a nipple of a breast, wherein the orifice of the breast duct is located by labeling cellular material at the orifice with a detectable label coupled to an antibody specific for a tissue marker characteristic of the tissue at the ductal orifice and locating the orifice by observing the presence of the detectable label; (b) introducing washing fluid into the breast duct via a catheter; and (c) collecting the washing fluid from the breast duct with the catheter, wherein the washing fluid collected comprises fluid and cells from the breast duct.
2. A method for obtaining fluid and cellular material from a breast duct comprising: (a) locating at least one breast duct on a nipple of a breast, wherein the breast duct exhibits no observable spontaneous discharge; (b) introducing washing fluid into the breast duct via a catheter; and (c) collecting the washing fluid from the breast duct with the catheter, wherein the washing fluid collected comprises fluid and cells from the breast duct.
3. A method according to claim 1, further comprising obtaining fluid and cellular material from multiple breast ducts.
5. A method according to claim 1 wherein the washing fluid includes saline.
7. A method according to claim 1, further comprising preparing the collected washing fluid for cytological analysis.
9. A method according to claim 7, wherein preparing the collected washing fluid for cytological analysis includes centrifugation.
10. A method according to claim 8, wherein preparing the collected washing fluid for cytological analysis includes centrifugation.
11. A method for obtaining fluid and cellular material from a breast duct for cytological analysis comprising: (a) locating at least one breast duct on a nipple of a breast; (b) introducing washing fluid into the breast duct via a catheter; and (c) collecting the washing fluid from the breast duct with the catheter, wherein the washing fluid collected comprises fluid and cells from the breast duct.
12. A method according to claim 11, further comprising obtaining fluid and cellular material from multiple breast ducts.
13. A method according to claim 11 wherein the washing fluid includes saline.
14. A method according to claim 11, further comprising preparing the collected washing fluid for cytological analysis.
15. A method according to claim 14, wherein preparing the collected washing fluid for cytological analysis includes centrifugation.
[0001] This application is a continuation-in-part application and claims priority under 37 CFR 120 to U.S. application Ser. No. 09/153,564 filed Sep. 15, 1998, which is a continuation-in-part application of U.S. application Ser. No. 08/931,786, filed Sep. 16, 1997, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,168,779; and this application is a continuation-in-part and claims priority under 37 CFR 120 to U.S. application Ser. No. 09/740,561 filed Dec. 19, 2000 which is a continuation application of U.S. application Ser. No. 09/067,661, filed Apr. 28, 1998, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,221,622, the contents of each of which are incorporated herein by reference.
[0002] The invention disclosed in this application was made with government support under U.S. Army Medical Research Grant Nos. DAMD17-94-J-4281 and DAMD17-96-C-6117. The government may have certain rights in the invention.
[0003] 1. Field of the Invention
[0004] The present invention relates generally to medical methods and devices for accessing body lumens and in particular to methods and apparatus for identifying ductal orifices in human breasts and accessing the ducts through the identified orifices.
[0005] Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women, with well over 100,000 new cases being diagnosed each year. Even greater numbers of women, however, have symptoms associated with breast diseases, both benign and malignant, and must undergo further diagnosis and evaluation in order to determine whether breast cancer exists. To that end, a variety of diagnostic techniques have been developed, the most common of which are surgical techniques including core biopsy and excisional biopsy. Recently, fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytology has been developed which is less invasive than the surgical techniques, but which is not always a substitute for surgical biopsy.
[0006] A variety of other diagnostic techniques have been proposed for research purposes. Of particular interest to the present invention, fluids from the breast ducts have been externally collected, analyzed, and correlated to some extent with the risk of breast cancer. Such fluid collection, however, is generally taken from the surface of the nipple and represents the entire ductal structure. Information on the condition of an individual duct is generally not provided. Information on individual ducts can be obtained through cannulation and endoscopic examination, but such examinations have been primarily in women with nipple discharge or for research purposes and have generally not examined each individual duct in the breast.
[0007] Since breast cancer usually arises from a single ductal system and exists in a precancerous state for a number of years, endoscopy in and fluid collection from individual breast ducts holds great diagnostic promise for the identification of intermediate markers. Much of the promise, however, cannot be realized until access to each and every duct in a patient's breast can be assured. Presently, ductal access may be obtained by a magnification of the nipple and identification of ductal orifice(s) using conventional medical magnifiers, such as magnification loupes. While such magnified examination is relatively simple, it cannot be relied on to identify all orifices. Moreover, the ductal orifices can be confused with other tissue structures, such as sebaceous glands and simple keratin-filled caruncles of the nipple. Thus, before ductal techniques can be further developed for diagnostic, research, or other purposes, it will be useful to provide methods and apparatus which facilitate identification of ductal orifices to distinguish them from other orifices, and allow subsequent ductal access in selected and/or all ducts in each breast.
[0008] 2. Description of the Background Art
[0009] Publications by the inventors herein relating to breast duct access include Love and Barsky (1996) Lancet 348: 997-999; Love (1992) “Breast duct endoscopy: a pilot study of a potential technique for evaluating intraductal disease,” presented at 15th Annual San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium, San Antonio, Tex., Abstract 197; Barsky and Love (1996) “Pathological analysis of breast duct endoscoped mastectomies,” Laboratory Investigation, Modern Pathology, Abstract 67. A description of the inventors' breast duct access work was presented in Lewis (1997) Biophotonics International, pages 27-28, May/June 1997.
[0010] Nipple aspiration and/or the introduction of contrast medium into breast ducts prior to imaging are described in Sartorius (1995) Breast Cancer Res. Treat. 35: 255-266; Sartorius et al. (1977) “Contrast ductography for the recognition and localization of benign and malignant breast lesions: An improved technique,” in: Logan (ed.), Breast Carcinoma, New York, Wiley, pp. 281-300; Petrakis (1993) Cancer Epidem. Biomarker Prev. 2: 3-10; Petrakis (1993) Epidem. Rev. 15: 188-195; Petrakis (1986) Breast Cancer Res. Treat. 8: 7-19; Wrensch et al. (1992) Am. J. Epidem. 135: 130-141; Wrensch et al. (1990) Breast Cancer Res. Treat. 15: 39-51; and Wrensch et al. (1989) Cancer Res. 49: 2168-2174. The presence of abnormal biomarkers in fine needle breast aspirates is described in Fabian et al. (1993) Proc. Ann. Meet. Am. Assoc. Cancer Res. 34: A1556. The use of a rigid 1.2 mm ductoscope to identify intraductal papillomas in women with nipple discharge is described in Makita et al. (1991) Breast Cancer Res. Treat. 18: 179-188. The use of a 0.4 mm flexible scope to investigate nipple discharge is described in Okazaki et al. (1991) Jpn. J. Clin. Oncol. 21: 188-193. The detection of CEA in fluids obtained by a nipple blot is described in Imayama et al. (1996) Cancer 78: 1229-1234. Delivery of epithelium-destroying agents to breasts by ductal cannulation is described in WO 97/05898.
[0011] The present invention provides improved methods, kits, and other apparatus for locating breast ducts in the breasts of human female patients. In particular, the methods of the present invention permit reliable identification of the orifices within the nipple of a breast which lead to each of the multiple ductal networks within the breast. By reliably identifying each orifice, all of the ductal networks can be located and subsequently accessed for diagnostic, risk assessment, therapeutic, research, or other purposes.
[0012] In a first aspect of the present invention, a method for locating an orifice of a breast duct comprises labelling ductal cells disposed at the ductal orifice with a visible or otherwise detectable label. The orifice may then be located based on the presence of the label at the orifice. Specific and preferred methods for labeling the orifices are described below in connection with a second aspect of the present invention. After the orifices have been located, an access device, such as a catheter or fiberoptic viewing scope, can be introduced through at least one of the orifices and into the associated breast duct. The method may further comprise introducing the same or a different access device through other orifices, often into each of the orifices to permit diagnosis, treatment, or other evaluation of all of the ductal networks of a breast.
[0013] In a second aspect, the present invention comprises a method for labelling the orifice of a breast duct. The method includes treating a nipple to expose tissue in an orifice of each duct. The treated nipple is then exposed to a labelling reagent capable of specifically binding to a tissue marker characteristic of tissue at the ductal orifice. Binding of the labelling reagent to the tissue results in immobilization of a label at the orifice, permitting subsequent location of the orifice as described above. The treating step preferably comprises washing the nipple with a keratinolytic agent, such as 5% to 50% acetic acid (by weight), to remove keratin-containing materials which normally occlude the duct orifice and which could inhibit binding of the labelling reagent to the tissue marker. The tissue marker is typically characteristic of the ductal epithelium and represents either a membrane antigen or a cytoplasmic antigen. It has been found by the inventors herein that the ductal epithelium extends to within 0.1 mm to 0.2 mm of the nipple orifice and is sufficiently exposed to the surface of the nipple to permit labelling according to the methods of the present invention. Exemplary markers include cytokeratins, such as cytokeratin 8, cytokeratin 18, E cadherin, epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), and the like. Usually, the labelling reagent comprises a polyclonal or monoclonal antibody or other specific binding substance specific for the marker. The antibody may be directly labelled with a visible label, such as a fluorescent label, a dye label, a chemiluminescent label, or the like. Alternatively, the labeling reagent may comprise two or more components, typically including a primary antibody which is specific for the marker and one or more secondary binding substances which bind to the primary antibody and provide a label, optionally a magnified label. For example, the primary antibody may be unlabelled, and a secondary labelled antibody specific for the primary antibody also be provided. As a further alternative, the primary antibody can be labelled with biotin or other hapten, and binding of the label provided via avidin, secondary antibody specific for the hapten, or the like. Numerous specific techniques for labelling of antigenic tissue markers are well known and reported in the immunocytochemical staining literature.
[0014] In a third aspect, a method according to the present invention comprises labelling cellular material at a ductal orifice with a visible label and subsequently accessing the duct through the labelled orifice. The labelling step usually comprises the method set forth above. The accessing step may comprise introducing an access device through at least one of the labelled orifices, and preferably through all of the labelled orifices, where the access device may be a catheter, a fiber optic viewing scope, or the like.
[0015] In a fourth aspect of the present invention, a kit for labelling breast duct orifices comprises a labelling reagent or reagents capable of specifically labelling a cellular marker at the ductal orifice, instructions setting forth a labelling method as described above, and a package containing the labelling reagent and the instructions for use. Usually, the kits of the present invention will further include the keratinolytic agent and any other reagents that may be necessary for performing the method. Instructions for use will set forth the use of all provided reagents and may further set forth the use of agents which are available in the laboratory where the assay is to be performed.
[0016] In a fifth aspect of the present invention, a kit for accessing a breast duct comprises a labelling reagent capable of specifically labelling a ductal orifice and optionally a keratinolytic agent for treating the nipple prior to exposure of the labelling reagent. The kit further comprises an access device capable of being inserted through a labelled ductal orifice to a ductal lumen, such as a catheter, a fiber optic viewing scope, or the like. The kit still further comprises a package containing the labelling reagent, optionally the keratinolytic agent, and the access device. The accessing kit may further comprise instructions for use setting forth a method comprising the accessing steps as described above.
[0017] FIG. 1 is an anterior view of a human female breast, shown in section, and illustrating three of the six to nine ductal networks extending inwardly from the nipple.
[0018] FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the nipple of FIG. 1 illustrating the orifices leading to each of the three ductal networks.
[0019] FIG. 3 is a still further enlarged view of a single orifice illustrating the distribution of tissue markers from the epithelium to the opening of the orifice, where such markers at the opening are available for binding to labelled antibodies.
[0020] FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of the appearance of a nipple which has been labelled with visible markers according to the methods of the present invention.
DESCRIPTION OF THE SPECIFIC EMBODIMENTS
[0021] The present invention comprises methods for locating, labelling, and accessing the ductal networks in human female breasts. A typical breast B is illustrated in FIG. 1 and includes a nipple N and from six to nine ducts D.
[0022] Three ductal networks D1-3 extending inwardly from the nipple N into the breast tissue are illustrated. As best seen in FIG. 2, each ductal network D1-3 begins with an orifice O1-3 which lies at the surface of the nipple N and extends inwardly through a ductal sinus S1-3 and then into a branching network. Each network D comprises a series of successively smaller lumens which are arranged in complex, three-dimensional patterns. The networks of each duct will overlap within the breast tissue but will not be interconnected. The present invention relies on identifying and labelling tissue in the orifice O of each duct D within the nipple N. Usually, there will be from six to nine orifices which open into a like number of ductal networks. An abrupt transition from the ductal epithelium to the squamous epithelium of the skin is found within about 0.1 mm to 0.2 mm of the nipple surface. Typically, the ductal orifice will be occluded with a conical keratin plug measuring about 0.5 mm to 1 mm in size.
[0023] The present invention relies on the specific labelling of tissue markers at the orifice of selected one(s) or all of the ductal network(s). By “specific,” it is meant that the label will be introduced in a manner such that it will bind to the orifice region within the nipple but not bind (or will bind to a significantly lesser extent, usually at least 10-fold less) to other regions of the nipple. In this way, binding of the label to the orifice will be a discernable indication that the orifice is present and available for access to the associated ductal network.
[0024] In a particular aspect of the present invention, the tissue marker(s) will be an antigenic or epitopic site characteristic of the epithelial lining of the breast duct. Surprisingly, it has been found that the epithelial lining extends sufficiently far into the orifice region of the duct to permit successful labelling using generally conventional immunocytochemical labelling reagents and techniques, as described in more detail below. Exemplary tissue markers include antigens and epitopes defined by the cytokeratins present in the epithelial cytoplasmic lining, such as cytokeratin 8, cytokeratin 18, and by molecules present in the membrane lining, such as E cadherin, epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), and the like. Suitable breast epithelial tissue markers are described, for example, in Moll et al. (1982) Cell 30:11-19; Gown and Vogel (1984) Am. J. Pathol. 114:309-321; and Johnson (1991) Cancer Metastasis Rev. 10:11-22.
[0025] Referring now to FIG. 3, an orifice region O of a ductal network D is illustrated with a plurality of markers M lining the epithelium of the duct and extending to the perimeter of the orifice. Labelled antibodies A can be used to locate and label those markers M which are near the orifice O. Frequently, it will be desirable or necessary to wash the nipple with a solution capable of unblocking the orifice to permit binding of the antibodies or other labelling reagent. For example, the orifice can frequently become plugged with keratin-containing materials, and washing with a keratinolytic solution, such as acetic acid (5% to 50% by weight) admixed in a pharmaceutical delivery vehicle, will expose sufficient marker sites at each orifice to enable labelling according to the methods of the present invention.
[0026] The labelled antibodies or other labelling reagents may be formulated as liquid, typically aqueous, solutions in a generally conventional manner. Suitable anti-cytokeratin antibodies may be obtained from commercial suppliers, with specific antibodies including FITC-anticytokeratin (Becton-Dickenson), CAM 5.2, and the like. The antibodies may be coupled to one member of a signal-producing system capable of generating a detectable visual or other change on the tissue surface, where an element will be referred to here and after as a “visual label.” Suitable signal-producing systems include fluorescent systems, color-generating systems, and luminescent systems. Preferred is use of fluorescent systems which comprise a single fluorescent label, but other systems which comprise two or more components including enzymes, substrates, catalysts, enhancers, and the like, may also be employed. At least one component of the signal-producing system will be attached to the antibody or other specific binding substance which is capable of directly or indirectly binding to the tissue marker. Usually, the antibody will bind directly to the tissue marker, but it will also be possible to employ primary antibodies which are specific for the tissue marker and labelled secondary antibodies which introduce the label or component of the signal-producing system. For example, the primary antibody can be mouse IgG and the labelled secondary antibody can be FITC goat anti-mouse IgG (Zymed). Such signal-producing systems and the use on tissue and tissue samples is well described in the medical, scientific, and patent literature relating to immunocytochemical staining.
[0027] In an exemplary protocol according to the present invention, the nipple is first dekeratinized with 5% to 50% acetic acid to remove keratin and other potentially blocking and contaminating substances from the ductal orifices. A solution of the labelled antibody, preferably an antibody which directly binds to a cytokeratin or other epithelial cytoplasmic or surface membrane marker, such as the antibodies described above, is then applied to the nipple surface. The antibody is preferably linked to a fluorescent marker, more preferably fluorescein, and the fluorescein-labelled antibody delivered in a buffered aqueous solution. Optionally, controls may be run. For example, labelled antibodies of the same Ig class as the specific antibody may be exposed to the nipple at the same dilution. By comparing the results with the specific antibody and the control antibody, non-specific binding can be discounted.
[0028] The labelling reagent will typically be packaged (optionally with the keratinolytic agent) together with instructions for use in a conventional assay package, such as a box, bottle, tube, pouch, or the like. The instructions for use may be written out on a separate instruction sheet or may be partially or fully incorporated onto the packaging materials.
[0029] A second kit according to the present invention will comprise the labelling reagent (optionally with the keratinolytic agent) in a package as set forth above. The package will further include an access device capable of being introduced through the ductal orifice, such as a catheter, a fiber optic scope, or the like. Suitable catheters and fiber optic scopes are described in the background art discussed above. Such kits may further comprise instructions for use (IFU) setting forth any of the methods described above.
[0030] The following experimental descriptions are offered by way of illustration, not by way of imitation.
[0031] A. Dekeratinizing the Nipple
[0032] Acetic acid is mixed with Velvacrol (50% v/w), a pharmaceutical vehicle comprising an aqueous mixture of petrolatum/mineral oil, acetyl alcohol, sodium laural sulfate, cholesterol, methylparaben, butylparaben, and propylparaben. To keep the acetic acid in solution, methyl cellulose (100 mg) is pre-added to the Velvacrol (5 g). The mixture possesses a uniform pasty consistency and is applied to the nipple as an ointment or paste. The keratinolytic agent is typically left on the nipple for twenty-four hours or longer to remove the keratin plugs from the ductal orifices.
[0033] B. Labelling of the Ductal Orifice
[0034] For cytoplasmic antigens, the ductal epithelium must be solubilized with 70% by weight ethanol. For a membrane or surface antigen, the solubilization step is not necessary. A mouse monoclonal primary antibody is used as a dilution of 1:5 to 1:100 and maintained on the nipple for one hour at room temperature. After such incubation, the nipple is washed with phosphate buffered saline PBS and a secondary antibody (fluoresceinated goat anti-mouse antibody) used at a dilution of from 1:5 to 1:1000 fold at room temperature. After washing with PBS, the nipple may be examined under ultraviolet (UV) light at a wavelength selected for the particular fluorochrome being used. A control can then be run using an antibody of a similar class, but without specificity for any of the ductal epithelial or other markers which may be present on the nipple. This method will provide successful labelling of the ductal orifices and permit subsequent cannulation and examination of each orifice.
[0035] C. Ductoscopy
[0036] Duct cannulation and exploration can be performed under white (visual) light. One or more ducts are cannulated first with a rigid metal duct-probe (6 Fr Taber-Rothschild Galactography Kit, Manan Medical Products Inc., Northbrook, Ill.) dilated to 0.45 mm to 0.5 mm. A guide wire (0.4 mm) is then inserted, and a catheter passed over the guide wire. Physiological saline (0.2 ml to 0.5 ml) is instilled to wash the duct lumen. The washings may be spun down and analyzed cytologically.
[0037] The duct lumen is then dried by injecting 0.2 ml to 0.5 ml air. At the end of the final insufflation, the orifice is held shut by pinching the end of the nipple. An endoscope (FVS-3000, M&M Company, Tokyo), which is 0.4 mm in outer diameter is then threaded into the duct orifice while dilation of the duct with air is maintained. After the endoscope is inserted for 5 mm to 10 mm, its position may be confirmed. The cannulization may then be continued as far distally as possible. Desired diagnostic, therapeutic, or other material may then be instilled into the duct.
[0038] Alternatively, after cannulation, the duct may be dilated with saline using a closed system with a burst adapter to allow a better view.
[0039] In a particular aspect of the present invention, cells may be removed through the cannula (as washings). The collected cells may be processed according to standard cytological methods for similar washings, such as bronchial washings and biopsy specimens. The cells may be identified directly or indirectly by histopathological analysis of the duct from which the cells were obtained.
[0040] Although the foregoing invention has been described in detail for purposes of clarity of understanding, it will be obvious that certain modifications may be practiced within the scope of the appended claims.
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Parramatta insist they can get the best out of Bryce Cartwright after giving the back-rower an NRL lifeline for next season. The Eels on Thursday confirmed Cartwright's signature on a one-year deal, with the former Gold Coast and Penrith forward to commence training soon. A teenage prodigy when he debuted at the Panthers in 2014, Cartwright has fallen by the wayside in recent years. He managed just seven games at the Titans last season, with his defence often called into question. However, at his best the 26-year-old can still be an X-factor in attack, known for his ability to offload at will. "Bryce is a unique talent having ball skills like few other forwards in the NRL competition," Eels GM of football Mark O'Neill said. "He will add size and skill to our forward pack and depth and quality to our overall squad. "Bryce was looking for an opportunity in Sydney and is keen to play under Brad Arthur and with our team at the Eels. "Like Bryce, we believe that through our coaching, quality playing roster and a balanced environment will bring the best out in him, something we are all committed to achieving in season 2021." Australian Associated Press
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Eels sure they can best out of Cartwright
Bryce Cartwright has joined Parramatta on a one-year NRL deal.
Parramatta insist they can get the best out of Bryce Cartwright after giving the back-rower an NRL lifeline for next season.
The Eels on Thursday confirmed Cartwright's signature on a one-year deal, with the former Gold Coast and Penrith forward to commence training soon.
A teenage prodigy when he debuted at the Panthers in 2014, Cartwright has fallen by the wayside in recent years.
He managed just seven games at the Titans last season, with his defence often called into question.
However, at his best the 26-year-old can still be an X-factor in attack, known for his ability to offload at will.
"Bryce is a unique talent having ball skills like few other forwards in the NRL competition," Eels GM of football Mark O'Neill said.
"He will add size and skill to our forward pack and depth and quality to our overall squad.
"Bryce was looking for an opportunity in Sydney and is keen to play under Brad Arthur and with our team at the Eels.
"Like Bryce, we believe that through our coaching, quality playing roster and a balanced environment will bring the best out in him, something we are all committed to achieving in season 2021."
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Heritage Baptist delivers second donation to Harlan Co.
By Emily Sargent
Published 10:57 am Tuesday, November 5, 2019
Church members from Lexington came to Harlan on Sunday with numerous boxes filled with clothes for the winter. Heritage Baptist Church members and former Blackjewel miners and their families helped unload the charter bus at Harlan County High School around noon on Sunday and opened up to the public between 3 p.m. and 6 p.m.
Terry Aldridge, a church member who helped organize the collection and delivery of the donations, said the church filled the charter bus with boxes of mostly winter clothing to help anyone with a need in Harlan County.
“We started collecting winter clothing – shoes, socks, underwear, coats, boots, all kinds of stuff – and loaded the bus down to completely fill up probably about 30 tables,” Aldridge said. “It was to be for the miners and their families, but of course, anyone else who has a need.”
Tables were positioned in rows in the HCHS cafeteria to help with the flow of people looking through clothes. Free pizza, drinks and cupcakes were also set up toward the back for those in attendance.
Leslie Bledsoe, from With Love from Harlan, said a lot of former Blackjewel miners came to help set up the tables, volunteering their time much like the community did in their time of need.
“I think about 25 of the Blackjewel miners and their wives are here,” she said.
Bledsoe said With Love from Harlan has received many requests for heaters, blankets, coats and the like as winter time approaches.
“They’ve brought a lot of that in and it’s mostly winter clothes so that’ll help the people of Harlan a lot. It’s going to bless many people,” Bledsoe said.
Heritage Baptist Church also came to Harlan back in early August, not long after the Blackjewel protest at the tracks by Sand Bottom Hill Road began.
The church organized a school supply drive and delivered them to HCHS on Aug. 11. With the help of multiple volunteers, students and miners, all of the supplies were unloaded from the bus by passing boxes from person to person into the school.
For more information on Heritage Baptist Church, visit its website. If you’d like to make donations to help others in your community, contact Bledsoe from With Love from Harlan at 606-573-4495.
Pence gives boost to Bevin; Beshear touts police endorsement
LONDON, Ky. (AP) — Attempting to turn the Kentucky governor’s race into a referendum on impeachment, Vice President Mike Pence... read more
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Snapchat's new image-based human verification syst...
Snapchat's new image-based human verification system already defeated
The new anti-bot system can easily be bypassed using computer vision techniques, CAPTCHA experts say
Lucian Constantin (IDG News Service) on 23 January, 2014 17:27
Snapchat's CAPTCHA can be defeated using computer vision techniques
Snapchat added an image-based security challenge to its account registration process to verify that new accounts are created by humans, but the system can easily be defeated by computers, experts said.
The new feature, known as a CAPTCHA (Completely Automated Public Turing test to tell Computers and Humans Apart), is part of a series of security-related changes made by the company this month following the disclosure of vulnerabilities that allowed attackers to match large sets of phone numbers to Snapchat accounts and to register new accounts in bulk. Hackers exploited the security holes to expose the user names and phone numbers of 4.6 million users of the popular mobile photo messaging service.
Since the beginning of the week, Snapchat presents users with a set of nine images when they attempt to register a new account and asks them to select only the images that contain a white ghost -- the same one used in the Snapchat logo. "Just making sure you're not a robot," the new Snapchat CAPTCHA screen says.
"The problem with this is that the Snapchat ghost is very particular," Steven Hickson, a research assistant at Georgia Institute of Technology said Wednesday in a blog post. "You could even call it a template. For those of you familiar with template matching (what they are asking you to do to verify your humanity), it is one of the easier tasks in computer vision."
Hickson said that it took him around 30 minutes to write some code that uses OpenCV -- the Open Source Computer Vision Library -- to solve one of Snapchat's CAPTCHA challenges reliably.
The code, which he published on Github, extracts the images from the CAPTCHA challenge and uses thresholding techniques to find objects in them that have the same color as the ghost template. It then extracts feature points and descriptors from those objects and compares them with similar data from the ghost template in order to find matches.
Hickson claims his code was able to find the ghost in one CAPTCHA challenge he tested with 100 percent accuracy. There are even better methods in computer vision that could be used to do the same thing, he said.
"I'm just saying that if it takes someone less than an hour to train a computer to break an example of your human verification system, you are doing something wrong," Hickson said. "There are a ton of ways to do this using computer vision, all of them quick and effective. It's a numbers game with computers and Snapchat's verification system is losing."
David Lorenzi, a graduate research assistant at Rutgers Business School in Newark who researched attacks on image CAPTCHA systems in the past, agreed with Hickson's analysis.
"The key takeaway is that the [Snapchat] CAPTCHA simply has too low of a variation in its challenges -- images featuring a ghost -- to provide effective security," Lorenzi said Thursday via email. "I suspect Snapchat used a template based image generator in the creation of these picture challenges as it would provide an effective and efficient means to easily generate a large number of 'unique challenges' in an attempt to prevent an attacker from launching a database attack against it. Sadly, this also means that the images generated in this fashion are weak against the method Steve [Hickson] is using."
Lorenzi hopes this case will inspire other developers to be more concerned about their CAPTCHA implementations so they can make online services safer for everyone.
Traditional text-based CAPTCHAs have a high level of variation and are even a bit hard for people to solve and that's because computers can read text very well using OCR (optical character recognition), Hickson said Thursday via email. "These days, we can do most template matching almost as well."
Snapchat should either use a well known and tested text-based CAPTCHA implementation like reCAPTCHA or should design their challenges to have a very complex answer, Hickson said. The idea is to have a question that has a large variety of possible answers and only a correct one, but Snapchat's CAPTCHA challenge is effectively nine yes-or-no questions.
Unfortunately text-based CAPTCHAs are not very user friendly on touch-enabled devices, which is probably why Snapchat chose an implementation that involves images selection.
However, Lorenzi pointed out that researchers have already designed secure touch-friendly CAPTCHAs. "My suggestion to Snapchat, if they are truly concerned with user security, is that they should scrap their current system and implement a system similar to the one suggested in this paper," he said.
Snapchat did not immediately respond to a request for comment.
Tags online safetyantispamAccess control and authenticationSnapChat
Lucian Constantin
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Transcend Digital Album
Ross Catanzariti
Great for viewing photos, remote control, ease of use, extensive Memory card slots
Size, lack of MP3 features, interface lacks colour depth, screen size, battery life
A good device for viewing photos, but let down by a lack of other features and a poor battery life.
Would you buy this?
$ 439.00 (AUD)
The Transcend Digital album is a photo viewer, MP3 player and digital storage device which would serve a photographer on the move, but lacks some distinctive features.
At first glance, the Transcend's metal casing looks sleek and well rounded. However the device is quite bulky and is a struggle to fit in your pocket. Weighing a hefty 231 grams and measuring 83.7 mm x 24.5 mm x 111.4 mm, you can't help but feel that the screen could have been much larger, considering the empty space below and around it.
The crisp, high contrast 294x 228 pixel screen measuring 2.5 inches is still excellent for viewing photos, although sunlight can be a problem. The photos we uploaded to the device were clear and bright.
Under the screen is the five-way navigation button and four other buttons (two on either side) for Select/Copy, Exit/Delete, Memo/Record and Menu/Power make the controls simple and easy to use, although these buttons are very small and may present a problem for someone with large fingers. On the right side on the unit are slots for the DC charger, USB connectivity, volume buttons, the lock key and the reset button. Also included is an internal microphone, but we found the recording quality quite poor and muffled.
On top of the unit is a MicroDrive Slot and and SD/MMC slot is available on the left side of the unit. The AV Out slot allows you to connect the Digital Album to a television to view photos and doing so gives you an exceptional presentation tool, boosted by the addition of a slim remote control. Browsing through your files is easy, with the files displayed in either thumbnail or list form. Photos take about three seconds to load and if your finger is quick when browsing, then you will be disappointed with the response time of the Digital Album. The slide show is an excellent feature, where you can create an album of photos to show to your friends or family.
The Digital Album supports only MP3, JPEG, and M-JPEG files. MP3 playback is poor and the controls are very limited - simply locating and playing a track means shuffling through folders. The device is also let down by no playlist or equalizer and not being able to browse through photos while listening to music is also a downside.
The sound quality of the MP3's is average and the volume lacks depth, while the headphones shipped with the unit don't provide enough bass. The external speaker on the device is of poor quality and doesn't provide much of an alternative to the headphones.
Battery life on the Digital Album is poor, with only 3.5 hours for continual music playback and even less for a photo slide show. When you consider the main use of this device is clearly a photo viewer, the battery is vastly disappointing.
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Amy Roloff Responds to Audrey's Intense Instagram About Her Marriage to Jeremy
The former Little People, Big World star said she and Jeremy have been "fighting" and "crying."
By Kayla Keegan
Audrey Roloff recently shared a brave Instagram post about her marriage to Jeremy.
In it, she talks about the "fighting, crying, and struggling" that they've endured and the tough time they've had in recent weeks.
In response, Amy opened up to Audrey in the comments section.
Scroll through Audrey or Jeremy Roloff's Instagram page, and you'll see tons of gorgeous photos of the couple looking super happy with their 1-year-old daughter, Ember Jean. But as Audrey just reminded her fans in her latest post, social media doesn't always tell the whole story.
The former Little People, Big World star shared a "vulnerable" message with her fans recently about how she and Jeremy have been going through a tough time in their marriage over the last few weeks. Specifically, Audrey said she and her husband are feeling "overworked" and "exhausted." As fans know, the pair run their Behind the Scenes podcast together and recently released a book entitled A Love Letter Life.
"We keep running, keep pushing, keep producing, and keep squeezing all the margin out of our lives. It’s robbing our joy, stealing our peace, and hindering our ability to love," Audrey wrote in the caption.
A post shared by Audrey Mirabella Roloff (@audreyroloff)
She then explained that even though it looks like she and Jeremy have it together all the time, they actually don't.
"We fight, struggle, cry, and face challenges just like anyone. I’m saying this here because if you look at my Instagram feed from the past 3 weeks you don’t see the long tearful conversations, the hurtful remarks, the compiling complaints, the critical spirits, the prideful inner dialogue, or our unloving and disrespectful attitudes. You don’t see the full picture."
Audrey continued to say that she actually cried right after snapping the photo that is featured in the Instagram post. She also reminded her followers that it's important to realize that not everything they see on social media is real.
"So friend, if you’re comparing your life, marriage, kids, house, job, body, etc. to what you see on Instagram, remember it’s NOT the full picture," she concluded. "And I just want to remind ya, you are enough. You are beautifully and wonderfully made. And you are loved."
The Instagram post prompted an outpour of support, from many fans. "You are SUCH an Inspiration. You walk us through the good, the bad and the ugly & always teach us a lesson through your journey called life. So thank you," one fan wrote.
Jeremy's mother, Amy Roloff, saw the post as well, and offered up some kinds words of her own.
"Life is real. We usually show the Best on IG and you're right," Amy wrote. "There is a lot more that's also real behind the scenes others forget about and don't see."
So true. Amy and Audrey are both very wise.
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Kayla Keegan Senior News and Entertainment Editor Kayla Keegan covers all things in the entertainment, pop culture, and celebrity space for Good Housekeeping.
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Montgomery County, Md., Pioneers Call for Fair E-Book Prices for Libraries
Despite pent-up demand for e-books, Montgomery County, Md., libraries are stymied by book publishing pricing practices that are straining budgets. A county resolution calls for a remedy to the problem.
Dylan Scott | July 24, 2013
The Montgomery County, Md., Council unanimously passed a resolution Tuesday urging state and federal authorities to help public libraries obtain fair prices for e-books.
The resolution makes Montgomery County one of the first state or local jurisdictions to make more equitable e-book pricing a formal policy. Another is the state of Connecticut where Gov. Danell Malloy signed this June a bill that called for an investigation into library e-book pricing in that state.
It asks the Maryland General Assembly, the U.S. Congress, the U.S. Justice Department and the Federal Trade Commission "to examine this issue and seek any appropriate remedy so that county library users will have the access to materials in a reasonable and non-discriminatory manner."
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In their legislative analysis, county staff cited Governing's July cover story on libraries and e-book pricing. The story documented the obstacles that libraries face in procuring e-books from the major publishers: limited availability, onerous conditions and higher prices.
Want more education news? Click here.
County officials said that the Montgomery County libraries had seen an 88 percent growth in e-book checkouts between 2010 and 2011 and another 87 percent increase between 2011 and 2012, which is in line with national trends.
The libraries set aside an additional $300,000 in their fiscal year 2014 budget for e-books to try to meet that demand, but the bottom line is, according to staff: "e-book pricing and distribution policies have placed a strain on the (libraries') budget and limited the access of e-books to library patrons."
Dylan Scott Staff Writer
dscott@governing.com | @dylanlscott
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Worcestershire 5G Consortium launches UK’s first 5G industrial trial
Image: Worcestershire 5G Consortium launches UK’s first 5G industrial trial. Photo: Courtesy of Lilly Rum on Unsplash.
Government-supported Worcestershire 5G Consortium is conducting Britain’s first 5G factory trial at the Worcestershire 5G Testbed as part of initiatives to create smart factories in the country, putting the UK ahead of its European peers in the race for this technology.
This is the first time that British industry has deployed the next generation technology and it is set to transform the way the sector operates and the trials mark the first stage in Britain’s journey to reap the benefits of ‘Industry 4.0’.
The process enables manufacturers to test the potential of investments in this technology, including factory floor production, reconfiguration and real-time analysis, and steering a machine’s movements from a remote location.
Minister of State for DCMS Margot James said: “This project proves that 5G technology can be applied to support industry and underlines our ambitions to be a world leader in this area.”
Worcester Bosch is testing the technology to improve factory output, using IoT sensors to explore preventative maintenance and data analytics to predict failure.
Defence company QinetiQ is designing security into the network and applications known as ‘security by design’.
Another company, Yamazaki Mazak, is also using the technology to conduct trials to demonstrate how it can be used to improve factory productivity.
Yamazaki Mazak will use the technology for two troubleshooting applications, of which one allows engineers to remotely guide onsite engineers through machine maintenance.
Worcestershire testbed chair Mark Stansfeld said: “Going live with the UK’s first 5G factory trials marks a monumental step in delivering the vision of the Worcestershire 5G Testbed to bring a productivity increase to the manufacturing sector and the UK economy.”
All the trials will test end-to-end application performance and take initial measurements of speeds and latency.
Worcester Bosch CEO Carl Arntzen said: “We are delighted to have switched 5G on in our factory and look forward to measuring the productivity gains that will follow.
“It’s important to our business to have the real time element 5G brings so that we can react in real time in the factory environment to mitigate any losses in output and protect and grow our business bottom line.”
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food waste Jan. 9, 2018
What to Know About FoodMaven, a New Food-Waste Start-up Backed by the Grocery Industry’s Top Players
By Clint Rainey
The U.S. wastes an estimated $200 billion of food every year. Photo: Justin Sullivan/Getty Images
Some of the grocery industry’s biggest names are throwing serious money and support at a new food-waste start-up. Colorado-based FoodMaven announced today that it’s pocketed $8.6 million of Series A funding from a handful of backers, most notably Walmart’s billionaire heirs the Waltons. This follows recent news that former Whole Foods co-CEO Walter Robb has not only made a “sizable” investment into FoodMaven but also joined the venture’s board.
Its goal is pretty simple — keeping food out of landfills by convincing kitchens that “unused” doesn’t mean still unusable — but make no mistake: What sets FoodMaven apart from other food-waste fighters is that it’s not doing charity work. This is a for-profit enterprise, one now with millions in VC funding and a board that includes a former grocery-industry titan. FoodMaven thinks it can make lots of money by reducing food waste, updating what CEO Patrick Bultema calls an “inefficient 1950s-style food system.” He argues that they’ve perhaps solved no less than one of the food industry’s oldest problems: The fact that demand is constant, yet the products themselves spoil rapidly, grow erratically year to year, and are seasonal. The result is a colossal oversupply of everything. Basically, supermarkets buy surpluses from distributors, which also source extra to be on the safe side, on top of farmers also producing more than they’ll probably sell, just in case. This safety net is important, but the waste adds up fast — to billions and billions of pounds each year.
Historically, much of that has ended up in landfills, or in the best circumstances, food banks. FoodMaven’s plan is to intercept oversupplies of still-first-rate products, then sell them on its marketplace at a steep discount — about half the going rate, on average. It also takes in items that food distributors don’t want for whatever reason — examples Bloomberg News gives are “a palette of frozen pizzas with a mistake on the box,” or “heads of lettuce that got rejected for cosmetic reasons.” Unsold products go to food charities, farms, or composting companies. “The industry has accepted waste as a cost of doing business,” Bultema says. “We’re making pathways that don’t exist in the food system.” They sell the food on consignment, meaning customers sort through FoodMaven’s inventory and buy what they need, then the start-up splits revenues with the original supplier.
With interest in curbing food waste certainly mounting nowadays, FoodMaven has managed to bring aboard 700 Colorado businesses in just 18 months, it says — hospitals, school districts, senior centers, even the Cheyenne Mountain Zoo, but also earnest restaurants like 503W and the Wild Goose Meeting House. It expects to do about $10 million of sales this year in the Centennial State, and Bultema has added that they hope to be in another 50 to 100 cities in the next five years.
walter robb
Grocery Industry VIPs Go All-in on This Food-Waste Start-up
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Sarlin Pumps to be purchase...
Sarlin Pumps to be purchased by Grundfos
A contract confirming the purchase was signed today. In the future the Sarlin Group will focus on the business areas of Beamex, Sarlin Furnaces, Sarlin-Hydor, and Sarlin Automation.
Sarlin Pumps bring to their new owner complementary waste-water products, service, and competence, making Grundfos the natural choice for customers, including wholesalers, utility companies, and contractors looking for complete pumping solutions in the framework of waste-water pumps sized up to 600 kW.
Grundfos' global marketing capabilities and identified synergies will be reflected in the future structure of the company's consolidated waste-water business.
Niels Due Jensen, Grundfos Group President, is delighted with the purchase: "Sarlin Pumps are recognised worldwide for high-quality products and good service. We see this not only as a perfect match in a commercial sense, our two organisations also have similar histories and shared values," Due Jensen said.
"Purchasing Sarlin Pumps means that overnight Grundfos moves from being the supplier of waste-water products primarily aimed at the building service sector into becoming a full-line supplier of pumps and services including industrial and utility applications."
Grundfos is one of the world's leading pump manufacturers with a turnover of more than 1 billion Euro in 1999 and some 10,000 staff worldwide. Founded in Denmark in 1945, the company today is represented by 55 subsidiaries in 38 countries. With nine production sites in eight countries extending from Asia to Europe and the USA, Grundfos offers a wide range of products including circulator pumps for heating systems as well as pumps for industrial applications and water supply and waste-water systems.
Sarlin Pumps, founded in Finland in 1946, are the pump division of the Sarlin Group. With subsidiaries in the UK, Spain, Poland, and Estonia, the pump division reached net sales of 35m Euro in 1999 and employs a staff of 250. Sarlin's main products include large submersible pumps, pumping stations, and control and monitoring systems.
Like all Grundfos production companies, Sarlin Pumps have been certificed according to the ISO 14001 Environmental Management System.
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By Jill Walker, Deputy Director of Programs, GVI
Community Development Sustainability
Exponential impact through Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth
The National Scholarship Program (NSP) began in 2004 as Steve Gwenin’s brainchild. Steve managed diving programs with GVI in Mexico, and he and his team realised the need for capacity building in the local community. They also identified a need for more robust cultural interactions between GVI’s team and the surrounding communities.
The first National Scholars on the program were Mexican nationals. To date, our NSP has seen widespread success around the world and is currently going strong on most of our 20+ bases.
The objectives and benefits of the program are multi-faceted. The NSP program helps us identify local individuals with the potential to benefit from the training, qualifications, and learning experience that GVI programs have to offer.
In 2018, a total of 38 individuals were part of the National Scholarship Program.
A large benefit of the NSP is that the international GVI team work hand-in-hand with local community members, making these projects mutually beneficial. On the one hand, local community members participate in development opportunities and gain valuable experience, while on the other, the international GVI team gain more local knowledge.
Working in this way enables GVI to train potential staff and local community leaders. In turn, training creates an opportunity for a culture and language exchanges between the National Scholar and the international team, staff, and participants.
In the short term, the program provides an amazing developmental and exchange opportunity for not only the National Scholar but everyone on site with GVI at that time. The long-term impact is potentially infinite. When a National Scholar is trained and later employed in their field of expertise, they leave a lasting impact on their communities and the people they come into contact with.
The impact the program has on other GVI staff and participants is also notable. Living with, working with, and really getting to know individuals cross-culturally allows participants to examine their own culture, biases, values, and beliefs.
This aids in better interpersonal relationships and tolerance – giving them a broader worldview. Who can tell what GVI participants may go on to achieve thanks to the cultural exchange they had with National Scholars? The possibilities for exponential change are great!
Since 2004, we have had approximately 200 National Scholars in ten countries around the world (Mexico, Kenya, South Africa, Thailand, Fiji, Seychelles, Costa Rica, Laos, India and Cambodia). In 2018 alone we’ve had 19 National Scholars. This is an estimated financial contribution of £400,000 from GVI.
A significant part of our work aims towards achieving the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals. For many of our projects, various individual UN SDGs and their Targets serve to help us form measurable objectives.
The NSP works toward Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth. More specifically, Target 8.3, which in part aims to promote development-oriented policies that support productive activities, decent job creation, entrepreneurship, creativity and innovation.
This serves to underpin the NSP because the program provides opportunities for community members to gain experience in contributing to and managing sustainable development programs.
This visualisation demonstrates the number of years GVI has been working in various locations across the globe.
It also gives them the opportunity to earn qualifications and gain numerous soft skills which contribute to their own employability. It further provides some local community members access to growth and learning opportunities that would otherwise be out of reach.
In developing the program over the years, one of the challenges we’ve faced is that participating in a program for a fixed five to ten weeks without compensation was prohibitive for many potential national scholars.
To solve this, we began to offer part-time or flexi-time commitments, which included living off-site, living off stipends, or one of a few other arrangements. This would allow community members to join regardless of other work and family restraints.
Rather than attempting to express our impact in my own words, I will let our National Scholars speak for themselves. Baruch Figueroa, one of the very first National Scholars, joined GVI in Mexico in 2004. This is his testimonial of his time with GVI:
“After the amazing experience of being the very first NSP for the GVI Mexico Conservation Expedition in Mahahual, Quintana Roo, I became an intern and afterwards, got hired by GVI as their Science and Community Officer.
“After having more than a great year with GVI, I studied a master’s degree in Coastal and Marine Resources Management, for which the knowledge and technical tools I gained about coral reef ecology and monitoring were quite useful. Moreover, as I’ve been working in coral reef conservation and management for the last five years mainly for local NGOs, the monitoring and training skills learned at GVI bases had become an important background for my professional development.
“Personally, I’m quite grateful to GVI and the GVI staff who, back at that time, demonstrated such human and professional qualities in the dive. They allowed me to enjoy the excitement of being a part of the GVI experience: always feeling at home, learning, teaching, generating sound data for marine conservation and sustainable development for local communities, and all while having loads of fun!”
Josephine Saleri was a National Scholar with GVI in Kenya in 2012. Here is her experience in her own words:
“I have learnt many things from my time with GVI in Mombasa. I have had great experiences teaching a range of different classes to different age groups. I have been taught about Group Reading and One-to-One lessons, which were started by GVI, as these are not on the Kenyan curriculum. I am very interested in the education and welfare of the pupils I teach, so I have found lessons such as these hugely beneficial to both my growth as a teacher and the students I teach.
“On a personal level, living with my fellow volunteers as an NSP has helped me to develop my confidence in social situations. I have been introduced to people from all over the Western world. I have enjoyed trips, along with the students, to places such as parks, beaches and swimming pools. We have also been fortunate enough to attend musical performances held by an international school in Mombasa. These are not only important experiences for the pupils, but also for me.
In 2018, 28,103 people participated in programs to advance UN SDG 4: Quality Education.
“I am very grateful to GVI as my life has been changed positively by the experience of working alongside volunteers and staff members as an NSP. In January 2013 I was offered a teaching position at Nyota Ing’arayo School and in July 2013 I became the Headmistress. I helped the school become registered as an officially recognised education facility enabling our standard eight students to sit their Kenyan Certificate of Primary Education.”
These are just a few of the success stories we have seen over the years. I feel the National Scholarship Program is one of GVI’s highest impact initiatives because of the reach and potential that it has.
My personal hope is that the National Scholar Program will continue to grow and thrive in every location that GVI operates. I hope that over time, 50% of our field staff will be made up of the National Scholarship Program graduates. I would also love to see more examples of these national staff go on to work in other GVI locations around the world.
This is because, although there is huge value in them working within their own communities, we can’t deny the life-changing experience that international work and travel already brings to our team of staff and participants. This passion for travel and exploration is one that connects many of us within the GVI family.
This story comes from GVI’s Impact and Ethics report. To celebrate 20 years of work in sustainable development, we reflect on and showcase our impactful stories and data. Read the report in full.
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orbit Artboard 1
OrbitBooks.Net
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Join the Orbit newsletter for monthly new releases and deals
Conspiracy of Ravens
by Lila Bowen
RT Award, 2015
Orbit Logo
Price: $25 / $32.5 (CAD)
ON SALE: October 11th 2016
Genre: Sci-Fi & Fantasy / Fiction / Fantasy / Action & Adventure
ebook Audiobook Downloadable Unabridged Trade Paperback
Supernatural creatures create chaos across an unforgiving western landscape in the second book of a propulsive and cinematic fantasy adventure series that began with Wake of Vultures.
Nettie Lonesome made a leap―not knowing what she'd become. But now her destiny as the Shadow is calling.
A powerful alchemist is leaving a trail of dead across the prairie. And Nettie must face the ultimate challenge: side with her friends and the badge on her chest or take off alone on a dangerous mission that is pulling her inexorably toward the fight of her life.
When it comes to monsters and men, the world isn't black and white. What good are two wings and a gun when your enemy can command a conspiracy of ravens?
Praise for the Shadow series:
"Nettie Lonesome kicks major ass. There is something strange and wonderful going on in Lila Bowen's head. It's the weird west fantasy that I never knew I've always wanted to read. Now I need more!" ―Wesley Chu, New York Times bestselling author
"Wake of Vultures is, quite simply, brilliant. A mind-bending mix of history, fantasy and folklore, it's a wild bronco of a read that'll leave you breathless for more."―Rachel Caine, New York Times bestselling author
Wake of Vultures
Malice of Crows
Treason of Hawks
"Rhett is one of Bowen's (Dawson's) best characters to date, and the world built in this series is rich and complex. One of my favorite new series, to be sure. If you haven't picked up the first book, Wake of Vultures, you really should. Then pick this one up too."—Pop Culture Beast
"Frankly, I need more Nettie Lonesome's on my shelf."
—B&N Sci-Fi & Fantasy Blog
"Gritty and well-realized... The unforgiving western landscape is home to supernatural beasties as diverse as the human inhabitants, and no-nonsense Nettie is pragmatic and brave. Themes of self-worth, gender, and the complexity of identity are treated with frank realism and sensitivity, and the narrative is a love letter to the paranormal western genre."
—Publishers Weekly (starred review) on Wake of Vultures
"Of all the books I've reviewed this year, Wake of Vultures' Nettie Lonesome stands out as the most compelling, well-crafted protagonist I've encountered... Bowen's superlative grasp of both character development and worldbuilding elevates a familiar story to mythic heights. "—RT Book Reviews (Top Pick!) on Wake of Vultures
"Bowen's Wake of Vultures overflows with imagination and voice, channeling shades of Stephen King's Gunslinger and Western classics like Unforgiven. Nettie Lonesome is sure to become one of the iconic characters of this generation. This book puts you under its spell and will not let you go!"—Jason M. Hough, New York Times bestselling author on Wake of Vultures
"Bowen has created a fascinating, textured Wild West world...Readers will love this absorbing fantasy adventure [and] its strong, dynamic heroine."
—Kirkus (starred review) on Wake of Vultures
"Wake of Vultures is, quite simply, brilliant. A mind-bending mix of history, fantasy and folklore, it's a wild bronco of a read that'll leave you breathless for more."—Rachel Caine on Wake of Vultures
"Nettie Lonesome is a complex, tough, all-around wonderful protagonist. And Lila Bowen is equally wonderful for bringing us Nettie's story, set in a magical old west full of harpies and monster-hunters and stolen children and more. I look forward to more of Nettie's journey."
—Jim C. Hines on Wake of Vultures
"I don't care what else you've seen in the bookstore today. Buy this book because it's the thrilling, delightfully written, and important one you've always wanted to read."
—Kevin Hearne on Wake of Vultures
"Wake of Vultures doesn't just fly -- it soars. Lila Bowen brings in a wild fantasy quite unlike anything I've ever read, with a voice that's weird and wonderful. Bowen is truly a talent to watch. Hot damn, is this book good."—Chuck Wendig on Wake of Vultures
"Sharp as a silver Bowie and unsentimental as a stray bullet, Lila Bowen's Nettie Lonesome earns a place among the legends of the Weird West."
—Matthew Stover on Wake of Vultures
"Wake of Vultures is a ferocious, fascinating take on the magical Old West - creatively and unsentimentally grim, yet rich with hope and heart."—Cherie Priest on Wake of Vultures
"Nettie Lonesome kicks major ass. There is something strange and wonderful going on in Lila Bowen's head. It's the weird west fantasy that I never knew I've always wanted to read. Now I need more!"
—Wesley Chu on Wake of Vultures
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Home > Neurology and Neurosurgery > Education & Training > Conferences > Blaustein
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1/22/2021 Imanuel Lerman, M.D., Ph.D.
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2/5/2021 Gerald Limerick, M.D. "Deep Brain Stimulation for the Management of Intractable Chronic Pain"
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UMD "Role of nociceptors for the maintenance of neuropathic pain: Lessons from topical capsaicin"
2/19/2021 Saadet Inan, M.D.
Temple University "Chemokine receptor antagonists enhance the antinociceptive potency of morphine but not morphine's respiratory depressive effects."
2/26/2021 Clifford Woolf, M.D., Ph.D.
Harvard Medical School/ Boston Children's Hospital "An Interview w/ Dr. Clifford J. Woolf, Professor, Neurology and Neurobiology,Harvard Medical School, Director, F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children’s Hospital"
3/5/2021 Nadine Attal, M.D.
University Versailles Saint Quentin, France TBD
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Virginia Commonwealth University "TranslationalStudies of Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor Alpha in Animal Models of Chemotherapy-InducedPeripheral Neuropathy (CIPN)"
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Duke University TBD
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St. Louis University TBD
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SMART ANSWERS TO PARENTS’ TOUGHEST QUESTIONS
How to Help Your Over-Compliant Child Get a Voice (and Stand Her Ground)
Molly Lopez
INSIDE HIGHLIGHTS SEPTEMBER 2017
“You’re Bored? That’s Great!”
Got a kid who can’t—or won’t—assert herself around others? We asked pros how to help level the playing field. Check out what they had to say.
A kid who puts herself last may need a confidence boost and assertiveness training. Here are some ideas.
I suspect my super-agreeable kid lets her friends take advantage of her. How can I tell if I’m right?
Observe your child in social settings, or ask her directly if she feels she holds her own around friends and classmates, say our experts. Find out what happens when she claims a seat on the bus or in the cafeteria. Does she just sit down—or does she move to make room for another child? Who decides what to do at recess? Is she ever the first in line? Be a sleuth: Drive by the bus stop or playground and watch the action. Michele Borba, Ed.D., an educational psychologist in Palm Springs, CA, and author of Unselfie: Why Empathetic Kids Succeed in Our All-About-Me World, recalls one dad who volunteered to go on a school field trip with his child to see how his son acted around other kids.
Short of trailing my child, or grilling him for answers, how can I find out if he’s ok?
Step back and let your child do the talking. When you encourage your child to speak for himself, he builds self-reliance and social skills. “With each passing moment, your child is getting older and more mature,” says Kristin Buss, Ph.D., Professor of Developmental Psychology at Pennsylvania State University in University Park, PA. “The parent’s job is to slowly back off so that their children can become who they’re meant to become.” By empowering your child to navigate his own problems with your support, he’ll gain confidence in his ability to assert himself. “Kids need to figure things out for themselves with parents’ support and guidance,” says Dr. Buss. “There has to be some parental trust that it will work itself out.”
OK, but what if my child is, well, a patsy? What should I do then?
Encourage your child to use assertive language, speak in audible tones, and make eye contact—all skills that are easy to practice at home. Simple strategies can go a long way. “Teach kids to express ‘I’ phrases—for example, I feel, I want, I need,” says Signe Whitson, C-SSW, a school counselor in Lehigh Valley, PA, who runs workshops on bullying prevention, crisis intervention, and helping kids manage anger. “Role model and role-play with kids to set them up for success.”
Maybe I’ve hovered too much and not helped my child develop?
Well, if you have, try doling out responsibility—and let your child complete the tasks herself. Kids may complain about chores, but entrusting them with responsibilities helps them develop confidence in their abilities and decision-making skills. For example, back off while your child tries to figure out how to vacuum or load the dishwasher. Says Dr. Buss, “This will help her to develop the sense of empowerment” that all kids need.
And if he still won’t voice his needs and wants, what should we try next?
That’s easy: make it fun. Tap into books, TV, videos, and games. Ms. Whitson recommends The Invisible Boy, a book by Trudy Ludwig. “It’s a great story about a little boy who disappears into the woodwork; through the story he finds his voice and comes alive,” she says. Use screens to make your points. Dr. Borba suggests: “For example, say, ‘Look at the girl on this show—she just walked up and said hi and now she has a new friend!’” Another creative—and unconventional—tip: teach young kids to settle disputes by using low-pressure games, like rock-paper-scissors or eenie-meenie-miney-mo. “They’re simple games that teach collaboration skills,” Dr. Borba adds.
What if my child needs more support—in school or on the playground?
Recruit support from teachers, coaches, and Scout leaders—and then give your child opportunities to shine. “Share your concerns and ask them to find ways to encourage your child’s voice, such as prompting her to answer a question, even if she doesn’t raise her hand all the time,” says Ms. Whitson. Just make sure to clue in supportive adults in a discreet way that doesn’t embarrass your youngster. “You always want to preserve your child’s dignity,” says Dr. Borba. “When children have an opportunity to shine, they feel they have self-worth and value,” explains Ms. Whitson. “And when kids are confident, they tend to be less passive.”
Got any last-minute tips to help us help him?
Model the behavior you want to inspire. Kids learn from what they see, and may pick up passive parental behaviors—or respond to domineering parental behavior by becoming more passive. “Parents should allow their kids to disagree with them, as long as it’s done in a respectful way,” says Ms. Whitson. “We want kids to have their own voice and personality—and to be able to stand up for themselves and others.”
Freelance writer Molly Lopez lives in Westchester County, New York, with her husband and two children.
Smart Answers: Pushover Kid
Get Kids Moving
What's Behind Couch Potato Kids
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Celebrities » Here’s What You Probably Don’t Know About The Famous Pornstar Alexis Texas
Here’s What You Probably Don’t Know About The Famous Pornstar Alexis Texas
Who is Alexis Texas?
Alexis Texas, born as Thea Alexis Samper, is an American pornographic actress, director, and featured dancer. She was born on May 25, 1985 in Panama, United States.
Alexis Texas : Quick Facts
Bio / Wiki:
Name— Alexis Texas
Birth Name— Thea Alexis Samper
Nick Name— Alexis
Home Town— Castroville, Texas, United States
Profession— Adult Film Actress, Director & Featured Dancer
Religion— Atheist
Years Active— 2006 – present
Physical Statistics:
Measurements— 34C–27–40
Weight— 57 Kg (126 lbs)
Shoe Size— Women’s 8.5 (US)
Piercings— Navel
Body Build— Voluptuous
Favorite Position— Cowgirl
Favorite Food— Fried Chicken
Favorite Pizza Toppings— Sausage and Pepperoni
Favorite Animal— Panda
School— Medina Valley High School
University— Texas State University
Course— Respiratory Care Therapy
Alexis Texas Biography
Alexis Texas was born in Panama at a military base and raised in the small town of Castroville near San Antonio, Texas, United States. She is Puerto Rican, German and Norwegian descent.
Miami You Were Exactly What I Needed ❤️ The Beach Has Always Been My Happy Place !! Until Next Time ✌🏼 #TeamTexass
A post shared by Alexis Texas (@whitegirlpoliticking) on Sep 10, 2019 at 9:25am PDT
Alexis is an intelligent young woman. Before started her career in pornographic film industry, Alexis studied at Texas State University from which she graduated with an associate’s degree in respiratory care therapy.
In fact, before pursuing a career in the pornographic industry, her first job was in a nursing home within the San Antonio metropolitan area as a personal care assistant.
Throughout her childhood years Alexis Texas was always an outgoing girl with a cheeky streak. In fact, in previous interviews she has revealed that she used to hold tutorials at her high school, Medina Valley High School, wherein she taught her male classmates how to remove a girl’s bra!
Alexis lost her virginity when she was only 17 years old and has stated in interviews how she has always remained a promiscuous person, stating;
“Sex was just a good feeling that I didn’t want to give up”.
This saucy side fully emerged when she was just 21 years old and working at a college bar at Texas State University. Whilst working at this bar, she met representatives for Shane’s World productions and soon agreed to starred in a film they were shooting titled Shane’s World’s College Amateur Tour In Texas. And so it came about that, in October 2006, Alexis Texas shot her very first pornographic film scene with Jack Venice! When she was asked to describe in her own words how she got started in the adult film industry, Alexis Texas described these circumstances in an interview;
“It just kind of fell into my lap with the Shane’s World thing. I had never thought about getting into porn, I had never looked at porn before. I was just comfortable with my sexuality and felt comfortable in my own skin. It’s art, it’s how I express myself. We’re not all stick figures so we should all embrace our womanly figures…At the beginning, it was really Catch 22. There were some people who were offended that I got into the business for whatever reason. Texas is very conservative so they didn’t know why I would want to do such a horrible thing. For me, it was something much, much more than that. It was great. It taught me so much more about being a woman and expressing my sexuality that I loved it. It was mixed reviews but overall I think it went well”.
Alexis even admitted during an interview that;
“I didn’t even know it was porn at first. I thought it was a TV dating show”.
She said;
“I think I had my hands over my breasts for the majority of the scenes because I’ve never had somebody watch me have sex. It was kind of intimidating, but it’s like Pringles, once you pop you just can’t stop...I’ve always felt comfortable with my sexuality, so it wasn’t about that. At the very beginning it was about having somebody watching me who I wasn’t having sex with. What makes you a good performer is ignoring that the cameras are even there, but also being aware enough to know what the cameras need to see–getting lost in the moment and not getting lost in what’s going on behind-the scenes.“
Happy HumpDay TeamTexass 😻😜
A post shared by Alexis Texas (@whitegirlpoliticking) on Nov 6, 2019 at 10:47am PST
Alexis Texas moved to Los Angeles where she signed with the LA Direct modelling agency in March 2007.
She married fellow adult star Mr. Pete. Marrying in 2008, the couple stayed together until 2013. Speaking about her relationship with Mr. Pete, Alexis conveyed how;
“I just knew that it was meant to be with him from the very beginning…We met on the set of Penny Flame’s house party for Shane’s World, and we just clicked instantly. We flirted back and forth for months and then, when the road was clear, we just went for it. It’s been wonderful ever since”.
Adult Career
Throughout her adult film career Alexis Texas has worked with many production companies such as Elegant Angel, Bang Bros, Wicked Pictures, Twisty’s Reality Kings, Muffia and Brazzers.
Alexis made her mainstream movie debut in 2011 when she starred in the horror-comedy flick Bloodlust Zombies. The following year, she appeared the music video for Juicy J’s latest single “Bandz a Make Her Dance”.
Priya Anjali Rai (Priya Rai) : A Life Journey Of A Popular Indian Porn Star
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THE FANTASTICAL WORLDS OF H. LEIGHTON DICKSON
Dragon of Ash & Stars
Cold Stone & Ivy
Cold Stone & Ivy 2: The Crown Prince
To Journey in the Year of the Tiger
To Walk in the Way of Lions
Songs in the Year of the Cat
Snow in the Year of the Dragon
Swallowtail & Sword: The Scholar's Book of Story & Song
An Imaginary Blog
Please Say Hi!
The Journey of a Journey and Editing the End Game, Part 3
“By Christmas, I had an offer of publication and two agents vying for the right to represent me and by January, I had signed with Jennifer Udden of the Donald Maass Literary Agency, a small but prestigious firm specializing in SciFi/Fantasy. I had fans crying for more of the Upper Kingdom but I had work to do to get CS&I ready for the ‘Big Six.’ What to do? What to do? Could I write one novel and edit another at the same time? All of this after hours of day job, parenting, being a wife, walking my dogs, shoveling snow, etc? That was a heck of a lot of work! Could I do it?
Of course I could. I buckled down and got to work.”
So first up, edits for CS&I. It was a hard task – beefing up the character of Christien de Lacey and cutting the scenes with Davis Savage. In a novel this big, EVERYTHING needs to serve the plot, and while Davis’ scenes were very entertaining, they did not do this effectively. I put them in a folder (read the next blog entitled “Little Folder of Love”), had to reimagine how the rest of the story would be impacted and moved on. I finished the first round in two months and sent it off to Jen for approval.
At this point, I had pretty much fleshed out how SONGS would go and had been writing that on and off since January but I put it on hold to attend the Writer’s Digest Conference in New York. It was a great conference as it focused on being a hybrid author, (having works both traditionally- and self-published) and it was looking like I was falling into that category. I had the good fortune to attend a workshop with Donald Maass, the head of my literary agency, and the things he said turned my writing upside down. Immediately, I emailed Jen to tell he that, based on Donald’s input, I was revising CS&I a second time and I plowed through that like a surgeon, cutting and stitching and reimagining this Empire of Steam through Ivy’s eyes. Another two months and I sent it back to her, exhausted but pretty happy with how it was shaping up. Christien’s role was increased even more so that it was a trio of main characters now and their voices were equally strong and true.
Add into the mix, an offer for the Upper Kingdom series from PYR Publishing, a division of Prometheus Books. I had submitted them over a year ago, when I first began that new and sparkling submission process without an agent. Here, more than a year later, it was plucked out of the slush pile by a lovely young editor and she was excited to learn that I was now repped by an agent of Jen’s caliber. Less excited, however, to learn that in that year and a half of slush limbo, I had self-published the books on Amazon. Pyr had just instituted a new policy closing their doors on self-published works and that disqualified them from joining their stable. Anything else I would write, they would be delighted to look at, just not the Upper Kingdom. I was sad. Really sad. Really, really sad and second-guessed myself for weeks. Hind-sight is a killer.
But I’m not one to wallow and I needed to finish SONGS. The interesting thing about this process was the fact that I had given myself a deadline. I had never written under a deadline before. I had just started and worked on a project until it was finished and with me, that could easily have taken years. In fact, with JOURNEY it did, years and years and years. With WALK, it was quicker, only one year or so for the first draft. With CS&I, it was 7 months. It wasn’t that I was getting more efficient, it was rather the fact that I had ‘come out of the closet’ as an author and was setting aside dedicated time to write. My family was surprisingly okay with it and they knew they could always find me in the evening, sitting on the couch with a glass of wine, three happy sleepy dogs and my laptop. Every evening.
I gave myself to September. 3 months. I had already started. Surely I could write a novel of 125,000 words in 3 months. Deadlines were a reality in the publishing world. I needed to see if I could do this, if I had the chops and the discipline and the talent. And so, as August wore on, I knew SONGS would be a very different book than either of the three I had previously written. I could easily have written an entire book on Solomon, Kerris and Fallon’s journey to the New World and maybe someday I will. But pragmatically speaking, because of the differing timelines, their story was best served in flashbacks. Not generally my taste or style of writing but other than two gigantic tomes that I didn’t have time to write, SONGS needed to be lean and sharp and cinematic. Because I had a deadline. A line of dread. A Dreadline.
But finish it I did. Sent it off to beta readers, polished off that gorgeous cover and put it up on Amazon. And yes, it sold. The writing in that book (deadline constraints and all) is pure cinematic imagery and I am very proud of it, despite the fact that I would like to have had more time. Maybe, one day, I’ll rework it and publish it as a ‘Director’s Cut’, with a Book 1 and Book 2. Just a thought.
Jen had sent CS&I back for yet a 3rd round, this one requiring some serious word-count attention and some lagging middle bits. But I had just turned out a 125,000 word, 500 page novel in record time so I was hot. I was smoking. And I did it, tightening the middle (beginning of Part II) and changing the ‘quirk’ to ‘threat.’ Once again, it required some serious reconstruction and by the end of September I was completely lost inside my own head. I had read and reread, edited and re-edited to the point of confusion. It had become so blurred in my mind – what had I changed, what had I hadn’t. I had lost my handle on the story and just couldn’t keep it straight anymore. I was sure it was good, but I really couldn’t be 100% certain. Not anymore.
So I sent it off to Jen, still 144,000 words but 144,000 words of tight thrilling paranormal steampunk spookiness. The Upper Kingdom books were selling nicely and I was learning the world of marketing (something you must do if you make that decision to self-publish). I was taking webinars, writing blogs, working my FB page (which you should totally check out if you haven’t already) but still, even with all this writing work, it’s not the same as writing. It was cold, it was October with a new NaNoWriMo around the corner. COLD STONE & IVY 2 was calling…
Bard Constantine link
The lovely challenges of being a writer. Glad to know that things are going well despite some setbacks. You are an inspiration!
H. Leighton Dickson
Author. Zoologist. Imaginary Genius. Engineer of Fantastical Worlds. Master of None.
Local Book Markets
The Fantastical Worlds of
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'Jewellers for Hope' donate Rs 10 mn for needy kids
31 Jul, 2017 - 11:34 AM IST | By indiantelevision.com Team
MUMBAI: Gem & Jewellery Export Promotion Council (GJEPC), in association with De Beers, presented the third edition of the ‘Jewellers for Hope’ gala charity dinner with an aim to collaboratively contribute for the upliftment of downtrodden and support the needyy.
Banker & philanthropist Amruta Devendra Fadnavis and actor Arjun Kapoor graced the occasion. This year the proceeds shall go to Girl Rising, Nanhi Kali NGOs working for the empowerment of Girl Child and Make a Wish Foundation, an NGO playing an integral role by granting the most cherished wish of Children living with life threatening illnesses hailing from socio economically backward society.
A total of Rs. 10 million was presented to three NGOs - with Rs. 33 lakh each to Girl Rising and Make a Wish and Rs. 35 lakh to Nanhi Kali Foundation. Noted singer Rekha Bhardwaj regaled the audience. The event was hosted by the inimitable Mandira Bedi.
Praveenshankar Pandya (Chairman, GJEPC), Russell Mehta (Vice Chairman, GJEPC) and Paul Rowley, Executive Vice President, Global Sightholder Sales, De Beers Group, hosted several jewellers, celebrities and prominent personalities expressed their views on aiding & empowering girl child during the black tie sit-down dinner. Manoj Dwivedi, Joint Secretary, Dept. of Commerce, Ministry of Commerce & Industry, Govt of India and many other prominent personalities from the gems & jewellery sector attended the event.
Pandya says, “Giving back to the society will make a big difference and transform the lives of many." Rowley said, “We have a strong focus on the upliftment of women as we know how important they are to all aspects of our business." Mehta said, “Consolidated efforts will give an impetus to the magnification of the impact of each one who takes up the challenge of making a difference."
Jewellers for HopeGJEPCRussell Mehta
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Hippie Boy
A Girl's Story
Ingrid Ricks
Paperback (10/1/2011)
Discover the unforgettable New York Times bestselling memoir about growing up in a dysfunctional Mormon family--and finding escape, adventure, and hard-earned wisdom on the road...
What would you do if your stepfather pinned you down and tried to cast Satan out of you? For thirteen-year-old Ingrid, the answer is simple: RUN.
For years Ingrid Ricks yearned to escape the poverty and the suffocating brand of Mormon religion that oppressed her at home. Her chance came when she was thirteen and took a trip with her divorced dad, traveling throughout the Midwest, selling tools and hanging around with the men on his shady revolving sales crew. It felt like freedom from her controlling mother and cruel, authoritarian stepfather—but it came with its own disappointments and dysfunctions, and she would soon learn a lesson that would change her life: she can't look to others to save her; she has to save herself.
Praise For Hippie Boy: A Girl's Story…
“A soft-spoken yet resounding reminder of the power plays tied to religion...Ricks’ voice is true, and her prose has a poised confidence missing from the repertoires of many established authors.”–Booklist
“A stunning masterpiece...Though this is a memoir, it reads like a fictional story, with all the necessary literary elements including conflict, religious strife and character arcs. Brilliant, emotional...you feel empowered and inspired when you reach the last page.”–eNovelReviews.com
"In clear, graceful prose and in a voice that is refreshingly authentic, Ricks tells an uplifting story of heartbreak, hope and self-salvation."--Kirkus Reviews
"The story reads like a novel even though it is an autobiographical account. Ricks' strength to overcome despite desperate odds will likely inspire readers with a desire to do the same."--Deseret News
"[Ricks] adeptly captures a dysfunctional relationship that's steeped in love...Well written and heartbreaking."--Publishers Weekly
"Most touching is what the author takes from the experience: the value of forgiveness, which is always the first step to freedom."--Seattle Weekly
“Ricks’ writing is easy and engaging, and her details are sharp…Readers will likely find her story empowering and inspiring and will cheer for her happy ending.”—The Bust
Berkley, 9780425274002, 304pp.
Ingrid Ricks is also the author of Focus, a memoir about retinitis pigmentosa, and A Little Book of Mormon (and Not So Mormon) Stories. She co-launched WeAreAbsolutelyNotOkay.org, a nationally recognized mentoring/publishing program for at-risk teens. Her essays and stories have been published in Salon, Ladies Home Journal, and The Advocate, among others.
Conversation Starters from ReadingGroupChoices.com
Why did Ingrid want to escape her home life? And why was she so drawn to her dad, even though he continually let her down?
How did the failed trip to Mississippi serve as a foreshadowing for the rest of the book?
What role did the Mormon Church play in Ingrid’s life vs. the people who were in her life? Was it the Church doctrine or the people enforcing the doctrine that led to the problems Ingrid experienced?
Sometimes the worst offenders are people who have felt powerless themselves. Do you think Earl would have been abusive if he hadn’t been so down and out?
What kind of man was Jerry Ricks? What were his strengths and weaknesses, his flaws and contradictions?
Though the strong bond between Ingrid and her dad is a central theme in Hippie Boy, there are hints that Jerry Ricks wanted a relationship with his other children and yearned for their approval and love. Why do you think he was unable to establish the same relationship with Ingrid’s siblings?
Discuss Ingrid’s mother. How do you think her childhood shaped her decisions as an adult and her need to be guided by religion?
Why do you think Ingrid’s mom stayed in the relationship with Earl even when she knew the marriage was having a devastating impact on her children? Have you ever felt trapped in a situation? Were you able to get out of it? If so, how?
Did you feel sympathy for Ingrid’s dad? What about for her mom? Could you relate with her need to have someone else make the decisions for her?
Discuss Ingrid’s relationship with her sister, Connie. What impact did Connie have on Ingrid’s life?
Describe Connie. How did she cope with the situation at home? Does her strength come through early on in the story?
Other than Connie, there is very little mention of Ingrid’s siblings throughout the book. Ingrid mentions in the story that she had very little interaction with her siblings even though they lived under the same roof. Why do you think this was? Discuss the relationship you had with your siblings growing up. What is your relationship like with your siblings now?
Why do you think Ingrid, as a child, so readily identified with her dad and was willing to forgive his faults and shortcomings?
Discuss Ingrid’s relationships with her mom. Why do you think Ingrid was less forgiving of her mom, even though she was the parent who stayed behind and took on the sole financial responsibility of raising Ingrid and her siblings? 15. What character traits — both good and bad — do you think that Ingrid inherited from her parents? And how do you think those traits shaped Ingrid's life?
Do you think Ingrid had any inkling of the implications of her dad’s “creative financing” techniques?
How did her dad’s arrest serve as a turning point for Ingrid?
What would you have done had you been in the same situation as Ingrid?
How did Ingrid change throughout the story?
Not Currently Available for Direct Purchase
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Akshay Kedari
About Author : Akshay KedariEmail: [email protected]
Akshay holds a Bachelor’s degree in computer engineering. Despite having a penchant for software development and the like, Akshay took to writing as a career owing to his passion for the field. Presently, Akshay writes articles for itresearchbrief.com and a few other portals. He has also worked awhile in web development, and expertly harnesses his knowledge of the degree to his professional advantage in content development.
Contribution by: Akshay Kedari
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Innovent Biologics, Inc., the China-based biopharmaceutical company, has reportedly announced that it has dosed the first patients in its Phase 1 clinical trial to assess IBI322 (Anti-CD47/PD-L1 Bispecific Antibody) in the treatment of advanced malig...
Sapiens acquires Delphi technology, aims for expansion in MPL market
Sapiens International Corporation, a publicly-traded company that develops computer software for the insurance industry, has reportedly inked a definitive agreement to acquire Delphi Technology Inc. to strengthen its presence in MPL (Medical Professi...
Moderna Inc, the American biotechnology company with expertise in vaccine technologies based exclusively on mRNA, has reportedly received an additional USD 472 million funding from the BARDA (Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority) to...
Nokia provides 5G SA network to Sandvik Mining and Rock Technology
Finnish telecommunications and consumer electronics major, Nokia, has reportedly announced that it has provided its Nokia 5G standalone industrial-grade wireless network to Sandvik Mining and Rock Technology. Built on the basis of Nokia Digital Autom...
GlaxoSmithKline acquires 10% stake in German biotech company CureVac
British pharmaceutical major, GlaxoSmithKline, has reportedly announced that it has acquired a 10 per cent stake in German biotech major, CureVac, a prominent player in the global race for COVID-19 vaccine. GSK has stated that the transaction involve...
Kemin Industries secures US patent application for ASFv control method
Global ingredient manufacturer Kemin Industries has reportedly announced its acquisition of a U.S. patent application for a methodology to inactivate ASFv (African Swine Fever virus) in animal feed and its ingredients through the use of Sal CURB Liqu...
JS016 is apparently unique to the SARS-CoV-2 surface spike protein receptor-binding domain. JS016 can block virus binding to the ACE2 surface cell receptor in an effective manner. Junshi Biosciences, the Shanghai-based innovation...
Hinterland Metals inks letter of intent to procure Novamind Ventures
Hinterland Metals Inc., a junior mineral exploration firm based in Canada, has reportedly announced that it has inked a binding LOI (letter of intent) under which it would acquire all outstanding shares of Toronto-based Novamind Ventures, an enterpri...
Walmart to turn parking lots into drive-in theaters with Tribeca
American retail giant, Walmart Inc. has recently announced that it will be collaborating with Tribeca Enterprises to transform almost 160 of its U.S. store parking spaces into temporary drive-in movie theaters until the stores become fully operationa...
Transcenta Holding Limited, a biotherapeutics firm based in Shanghai that focuses on discovering, developing and commercializing antibody-based therapeutics, has recently revealed dosing its first candidate in the US Phase I clinical study of TST001,...
Brazil’s Central Bank bans Facebook’s WhatsApp payment feature
Just a week after Facebook’s WhatsApp announced the launch of payment service, Brazil’s central bank has reportedly suspended this feature to ensure the competition in the payment landscape of the nation. The Central Bank also urged Visa ...
CloudEngage takes over AI powered software provider AnswerDash
Globally recognized web personalization platform, CloudEngage, has reportedly announced its acquisition of AI powered self-service support provider, AnswerDash, a B2B software company founded in 2012. AnswerDash is headquartered in Seattle, Washingto...
Piramal Pharma-G&W enter acquisition deal for Sellersville facility
PEL’s (Piramal Enterprises Limited) Piramal Pharma Solutions, a CDMO (Contract Development & Manufacturing Organization), has reportedly entered an agreement with G&W Laboratories. Under the agreement, the organization will acquire G&am...
Lucknow-based Central Drug Research Institute, a constituent lab of the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, has been reportedly approved to conduct Phase III trials for the deployment of Umifenovir drug against COVID-19. The trial aims to ...
A leader in aesthetics markets, Bimini Health Tech recently announced it has acquired California-based Healeon Medical, Inc., that is focused on paving the way for regenerative solutions by providing support for point-of-care, autologous treatments, ...
Walmart acquires technology from digital health company CareZone
Walmart, the retail giant, recently announced plans to acquire technology & intellectual property from a start-up, CareZone, that is focused on making it easier for people to manage multiple medications. Since CareZone’s inception in 2010,...
The cannabis based drug has previously been used for epilepsy treatment and this study is being conducted in babies as part of a research to prevent seizures which can lead to brain damage. Professor Paul Clarke, Neonatal consultant at Nor...
Selvax Pty Ltd, the Australian cancer immunology group engaged in developing immunology based treatments for large solid tumors, has reportedly announced positive results from its immunotherapy treatment in 10 dogs battling with soft tissue sarcomas ...
KYB inks deal with REE Automotive to bring advanced EV solutions
KYB’s highly advanced semi-active and active system solutions will drive the next-gen electric vehicle production efforts of REE Electric vehicles will undergo a reduced development cost, will be compact and will be more lightweight ...
Mitsubishi Electric tests 5G solution for Factory Automation in Japan
Japanese multinational electronics firm Mitsubishi Electric recently announced that its Nagoya Works in Nagoya, Aichi Prefecture has commenced a demonstration testing of a local 5G solution that has been licensed by the Ministry of Internal Affairs a...
The DNA Company, a renowned functional genomics provider, has reportedly announced that it has acquired MPS (My Pain Sensei), an AI-based digital therapeutics app, for a total amount of about $30M, forming My Next Health. The newly acquired MPS provi...
RXVIP Concierge, a leading enterprise that focuses on improving the role of Pharmacists in the field of healthcare, has reportedly unveiled its first telehealth and remote patient monitoring residency program as well as APPE rotations for students of...
Hummingbird closes extended $25M Series B round led by SK Holdings
Hummingbird Bioscience, a biotherapeutics company, has reportedly closed an extended $25 million Series B funding. The company focuses on the development and discovery of breakthrough therapies. This fund-raising event brings the total capital raised...
Belgian IoT scale-up Waylay announces partnership with EPAM
The partnership will accelerate customer access to advanced IIoT data processing technologies. Waylay CEO expects EPAM’s deep integration expertise with Waylay’s cutting-edge automation technology to enable better, improved ope...
NEC Corporation, a Japanese multinational electronics and information technology company, has recently revealed analysis results from its ongoing efforts of employing AI prediction platforms for designing blueprints for COVID-19 vaccines. Reportedly...
Grassroots Cannabis expands center by 20,000 sq. ft to boost capacity
Chicago based Grassroot Cannabis- a firm that cultivates, processes, and sells cannabis with the help of an advanced and vertically integrated business model, has reportedly announced the expansion of its cultivation facility by 20,000 square-foot in...
The medical technology company has received Breakthrough Device Designation by the FDA for its Oxygen Assist Module (OAM). The OAM module is commonly used with most versions of Vapotherm’s Precision Flow systems. A global medical technolo...
Polaryx Therapeutics, Inc., a developer of drug candidates for lysosomal storage disorders, has recently gained IND (Investigational New Drug Application) approval from the U.S. FDA. This approval is related to the study of PLX-200 treatment among pa...
Another potential COVID-19 vaccine has recently received FDA approval to commence clinical trials among humans. The vaccine, developed by Inovio Pharmaceuticals and backed by Melinda and Bill Gates, is the second such vaccine to progress to human tes...
VitalTech – AT&T Business unite to advance Telehealth Services
Virtual Care and Remote Patient Monitoring market leader VitalTech has recently inked a partnership with AT&T Business. The collaboration will enable the two enterprises to offer free telehealth services for 60 days to business clients, such as h...
In a bid to fight against harmful bacteria, Felix, a U.S.-based biotech firm, has recently decided to devise a programmable virus that kills chronic bacteria. Reportedly, farmers and doctors overuse antibiotics to eradicate bacteria, but generally fa...
As nations across the globe continue to grapple with the novel COVID-19 outbreak, several institutes are trying come up with a vaccine to tackle this global pandemic. The Milken Institute, a non-profit think tank, is introducing a reso...
Scientists from Oxford University have reportedly created a technology to accelerate the testing for COVID-19. The test is validated at China’s Shenzen Luohou People’s Hospital with real clinical samples. It is claimed to be faster than f...
While the coronavirus manages to spread across major global economics, scientists and researchers all over the world are plowing their way to find a definite cure for this current pandemic. Recently, New York-based biotech firm Regeneron Pharmaceuti...
Verizon has announced to support communities by contributing $10 million to provide relief services for people impacted by the ongoing coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. The company has tripled its monthly data allowance for its Verizon Innovative...
Spero Therapeutics, Inc., a renowned Massachusetts-based clinical-stage, multi-asset biopharmaceutical company, has reportedly announced that the United States Food and Drug Administration has granted its oral drug SPR720 the orphan drug designation ...
Neuraly has claimed that it has dosed the first patient of NLY01 in its Phase 2 study for Parkinson’s disease. Nature Medicine claimed in its study that NLYO1 tends to bind upregulated GLP-1R and blocks microglia’s pathological activatio...
PAVmed Inc. has recently announced that Lucid Diagnostics has entered an agreement with UPenn (University of Pennsylvania) to perform clinical trial research for its EsoCheck device. Lucid Diagnostics is a subsidiary of PAVmed, a highly-differentiate...
Ascentage Pharma, a clinical-stage biotechnology firm developing innovative therapies for cancers, has reportedly received approval for its Phase Ib/II clinical trial from the CDE (Center of Drug Evaluation), China NMPA. The clinical trial is assess...
VBL Therapeutics, a renowned Israeli biopharmaceutical company, reportedly announced the initiation of phase 2 clinical study of VB-111 combined with immune checkpoint inhibitor, nivolumab (Opdivo®). This study would be conducted to find a treatm...
Matinas BioPharma, a renowned biopharmaceutical company, has reportedly announced that DSMB (Data Safety Monitoring Board) for the EnACT study has finished its planned review of initial tolerability and safety data from the Part 1 dose escalation pha...
Pulse Biosciences, Inc., an innovative bioelectric medicine company committed to improving the lives of patients, has reportedly announced an update on its U.S. FDA ( Food and Drug Administration) submission for the CellFX System. Earlier, the compan...
Nokia furthers SoftBank Corp.’s plan to complete 5G connected car test
Nokia appears to go full throttle as the Finnish company is offering state-of-the-art equipment from its end-to-end 5G portfolio to SoftBank Corp. to substantiate that non-standalone 5G technology can be commercially used to operate connected cars. N...
KSQ Therapeutics has propelled their effort to derail refractor solid tumors by growing —eTIL™—engineered tumor infiltrating lymphocyte therapies by announcing the identification and validation of CT-1. It is worth mentioning that d...
Loon & HAPSMobile develop communications payload for the HAWK30 UAV
Loon, an Alphabet subsidiary working to deliver internet services to rural areas, and SoftBank Corporation’s HAPSMobile, currently planning to operate HAPS networks, together announced the successful development of a new communications payload ...
American health insurer, Humana Inc. and private equity firm WCAS (Welsh, Carson, Anderson & Stowe) have reportedly formed a joint venture to develop senior-focused primary care centers. Reportedly, this joint venture will be manag...
VSE set for divestment—Prime Turbines to be sold for $21 million
The Aviation Group will focus on higher growth component and accessory repair and part distribution. The divestment is expected to be completed till March 2020, subject to legal conditions. In what appears to be an all-cash deal, VSE Corporation...
Lime e-scooters replace bikes as preferred transport mode in Calgary
Lime’s dockless bike-share service launched in Calgary in 2018, is reportedly facing a dip in popularity after the arrival of Lime e-scooters and its adoption for sustainability. Lime is a transportation company that is based in the United Stat...
Google partners with Handy to bring new features to its Google Nest
Google, the renowned tech giant, has reportedly initiated the testing of a novel feature for its Google Nest. This new feature would alert the homeowner about any HVAC issues as well as call a HVAC professional to fix the issue. For this new feature,...
ArcTern invests in Terramera to boost sustainable farming practices
Terramera closed the funding round with USD 48.5 million with other investors including S2G ventures, Ospraie Ag Science The investment marks ArcTern’s fourth financing from its USD 200 million value Fund II Vancouver head...
Teijin to establish TACE to enhance automotive composite business
Teijin Limited, a technology-driven company, has announced its interest to establish TACE (Teijin Automotive Center Europe GmbH) in Wuppertal, Germany. The center would function as a new base for Teijin to execute technical functions within its auto...
The data from the REMETY phase 1 dose escalation trial, unveiled at the Gastrointestinal Cancers Symposium 2020, reportedly shows that the combination of regorafenib (Stivarga) and oral fluoropyrimidine TAS-102 provided a clinically meaningful DCR in...
Google on-board with EU’s proposed temporary facial recognition ban
Technology giants Google and Microsoft have reportedly taken opposing stances as the temporary five-year facial recognition ban suggested by the EU came to light. Alphabet and Google CEO Sundar Pichai has expressed his approval of the proposed ban, w...
Flair Airlines amid plans to grow its fleet and offer low cost fares
Flair Airlines, a scheduled, independent, and low fare airline company, is seeking to expand its fleet of Boeing 737 aircraft to deliver low cost travels to a market starved of competition. Based in Edmonton, Flair Airlines is Canada’s only ful...
Olam International to regroup into global and ingredients businesses
The aim of the move is to simplify the diverse portfolio of the company Company’s regrouping is part of the new strategic plan for fiscal 2019 to 2024 Olam International, a leading agricultural and food business company, has decided to reg...
Guangzhou Automobile investment in Nio will be capped at $150m
Nio had indicated an urgent need to secure funds and early talks with Guangzhou Auto There is still some cloud whether an agreement will be reached between the companies Guangzhou Automobile Group Co Ltd, a Chinese automaker, recen...
Moderna, Inc., a Cambridge, Massachusetts-based biotechnology firm that is focused on drug discovery and development based on mRNA, has announced entering into a new autoimmune therapeutic area. Being built on the clinical validation of systemic deli...
Survival rate for stage II colon cancer is about 58 to 88% and patients will gain from additional treatments Guardant Health, Inc., a renowned precision oncology firm, along with NRG Oncology, a National Clinical Trials Network group that conducts b...
Kalmar enables improvement of automation for Patrick Terminals
Kalmar, a subsidiary of Cargotec, a renowned Finnish cargo-handling company reportedly announced the completion of a comprehensive software support and maintenance contract with Patrick Terminals, a renowned Australian terminal operator. The agreeme...
U.S. bill prevents intelligence sharing with nations using Huawei
The lawmaker has introduced a bill to prohibit the region from sharing intelligence with the countries making use of the Huawei 5G networks. In any case if the bill is ruled out, it may produce huge implications for the intelligence sharin...
Revolution Medicines, a renowned American biopharmaceutical company working towards discovering new solutions for cancer, reportedly announced that it would be unveiling preliminary data collected from its Phase 1 clinical study of RMC-4630. The dat...
MYHSM partners with Equinix to enhance payment security solutions
MYHSM technology will be operating on Platform Equinix® and will also use the connectivity solutions by Equinix The partnership will facilitate an effective method to access the capabilities by making the payment HSMs available on cloud MYHS...
Hampton launches new series of BenjiLock deadbolts at CES 2020
Hampton Products, a renowned producer and marketeer of door locks, lighting, padlocks, reportedly announced the launch of first connected deadbolts that incorporate fingerprint tech at the CES 2020. The company has integrated its BenjiLock fingerpri...
Digital Dream Labs acquires robotics and technology developer Anki
Anki had shut down its operations in April 2019 after the company ran out of funds Digital Dream will continue the development of Vector and launch a new Kickstarter In a bid to revive the robots developed by San Francisco headquartered ...
Acura Pharmaceuticals has issued an update pertaining to the evolution of the much-anticipated LTX-03 tablets using technology called Acura LIMITx™ meant to curb risks linked with overdose of hydrocodone. Apparently, the manufacturing process a...
EnChroma launches brand new line of lenses
The new lens series may be beneficial for patients with conditions such as macular degeneration, glaucoma, cataracts, optic neuropathy, and other visual disorders. While the global prevalence of visual impairments tends to skyrocket, optica...
Samsung reports short power outage at its chip factory in South Korea
The power cut took place due to an issue with the regional transmission cable Samsung may experience losses worth millions of dollars similar to 2018 incident Samsung, the South Korea-based multinational electronics manufacturer,...
Grab partners with Singtel for Singapore digital banking license
Grab, a technology concern based in Singapore, has announced that it is forming a consortium with Singapore Telecommunications (Singtel) to submit an application for a full digital banking license. The move signifies the participation of both the com...
Sacituzumab govitecan has attained both Breakthrough Therapy Designation and Fast Track Designation by the FDA. Immunomedics, Inc., a biopharmaceutical firm, has recently attained the U.S. FDA nod to file its Biologics License Application (BLA) whic...
Autonomous aircraft firm Pyka secures $11 million in seed funding
Pyka, a renowned bay area based autonomous aircraft company, reportedly announced that it has secured $11 million from a new seed round. The investment round was led by Prime Movers Lab. Meanwhile, Greycroft, Bold Capital Partners, Y Combinator, and ...
COOEC-Fluor announces safe completion of module program in Kuwait
Fluor Corporation, a global engineering and construction firm, has reportedly announced that its JV COOEC-Fluor fabrication yard in China, has securely completed the module program for the Al-Zour project of KIPIC (Kuwait Integrated Petroleum Industr...
Danish Energy Agency awards €6M to Everfuel for HySynergy project
The project aims to establish a large scale facility to produce hydrogen in Denmark Everfuel will be the owner as well as the operator of the production facility Everfuel Europe, a provider of green hydrogen fuel, has recently been granted EUR 6...
Apple creates team to work on satellites that beam data to its devices
Apple, the renowned technology giant, has reportedly put together a secret team that is working on satellite technology that can be used to beam down data to its devices directly, bypassing wireless networks. According to reliable sources, this secr...
Fibrotic diseases are commonly termed as chronic tissue injury. Renal fibrosis, hepatic cirrhosis and pulmonary fibrosis are some of the common fibrotic diseases. Currently, these diseases have limited treatment options, however, several ph...
NVIDIA unveils next gen software defined platform: DRIVE AGX Orin
With automation being a need of the hour, there have been various advancements and developments in myriad fields. This has prompted the industry conglomerates to devise robust strategies on the grounds of sustaining their geographical foothold in the...
Worker union approves new four-year deal with Fiat Chrysler after talks
Fiat Chrysler is the last automaker to close the contract with the United Auto Workers In-progression workers will get similar healthcare benefits as the veteran workers Labor negotiations with Fiat Chrysler ended after the United Auto Workers a...
The reward will accelerate the development of VE707 for various multi-drug resistant infections Vedanta Biosciences is eligible for an additional $3.5 million subject to certain milestones Vedanta Biosciences, a pre-clinical stage firm i...
FDA grants approval for Genentech’s Tecentriq – Chemotherapy combination treatment, based on positive results from Phase III Impower130 trial The combination is designed to be used as a first-line treatment for metastatic non-s...
TowerJazz denies selling its 51% stake in Japan chip JV with Panasonic
Panasonic announced the sale of its of semiconductor business to Taiwan based Nuvoton The Panasonic-TowerJazz JV comprises three manufacturing units operated in Japan Israel headquartered chip manufacturer- TowerJazz announced o...
Canon Medical Systems USA launches advanced cybersecurity solution
Various instances of cyberattacks, viruses, and other malicious threats across the healthcare sector have raised many eyebrows owing to the security of confidential patient information. In order to tackle with these attacks, Canon Medical System USA ...
Seattle Genetics, a biotechnology company focused on innovating novel therapies for cancer, has recently attained approval from Health Canada for supplemental New Drug Submission that expands the use of ADCETRIS (brentuximab vedotin) along with CHP (...
The data was presented at the Society for Neuro-Oncology (SNO) Annual Meeting 2019, held in Phoenix. With the use of controlled IL-12, reduced tumor burden along with immune-mediated pseudoprogression was noted in monotherapy and combinati...
The company will present a study of neoadjuvant and adjuvant VB-111 for treatment of recurrent GBM. The ongoing trial aims to explore the potential of VB-111 in treating rGBM. VBL Therapeutics, a late-stage clinical biopharmaceutical company foc...
Facebook takes down billions of fake accounts & abusive posts
Social networking platform Facebook has reportedly suspended over 3.2 billion fake accounts within a 5-month span, between April to September 2019. Additionally, as per content moderation reports, millions of posts with abusive content including suic...
Amazon reveals plans for a new $40 million robotics hub in Westborough
Tech innovator Amazon has reportedly announced its plans to invest $40 million in the development of a new robotics innovation hub, located in Westborough, Massachusetts. The facility will cover an area of 350,000 sq. ft, including corporate offices,...
Halliburton signs agreement with ARTC to become an anchor member
The development of these collaborative solutions will improve value for customers. Halliburton Company has reportedly announced that it has entered into a strategic deal with the Advanced Remanufacturing and Technology Center (ARTC) to secure positi...
Lockheed Martin inks a new $34 billion F-35 contract with the Pentagon
The F-35 Lightning stealth fighters, integrated with Block IIIF software, developed by Lockheed Martin, the American aerospace and defense company, in collaboration with the Pentagon are expected to enter service in 2019. The company has already deli...
Confluence procures UK-based StatPro in an all-cash £161.1Mn deal
Confluence Technologies, a renowned US-based software company that offers back-office automation systems for the global investment management market, reportedly announced the acquisition of StatPro Group plc, a renowned UK-based global cloud-based po...
Major automobile firms support Trump on California emissions challenge
Earlier in 2012, President Obama had announced a nationwide rule for automobile emissions and mileage standards, embracing California’s planned standards. However, since Trump’s administration rose into power, it has tried to nullify all ...
ORBCOMM collaborates with Vietnam based Vishipel to supply VMS
ORBCOMM Inc., a renowned US based Internet of Things (IoT) and Machine-to-Machine (M2M) solutions provider, reportedly announced it selection by Vishipel, a leading Vietnam based provider of maritime equipment and telecommunications services, to deli...
Verizon offering 12-month free subscription of Disney+ to customers
Disney+ streaming service is on a way to become a new big competitor looming on the horizon. Set to launch next month, Disney+ looks to be one of the best online streaming services, especially for family viewers. Recently, Disney+ came to light...
Parade launches four-lane and sixteen-lane retimer chips for PCIe 4.0
Parade Technologies, a renowned US-based fabless semiconductor company developing high-speed video processing and interfacing products, reportedly announced the launch of two new products under its high-speed data retimer product portfolio. The PS89...
Mastercard announces expansion of Bill Pay Exchange with partners
In an era of digitalization and internet, businesses are continuously working on innovative solutions to improve brand value. In a bid to have a competitive edge over rivals, numerous companies are rolling out innovative financial services. American...
NOXXON Pharma, a renowned biopharmaceutical firm based in Germany that is focused at enhancing cancer treatment by aiming at the TME (tumor microenvironment), reportedly announced the enrollment as well as treatment of the first patient in a phase 1/...
ACERTUS launches proprietary TMS for ease of vehicle transport
Transportation Management System industry is projected to emerge as one of the highest revenues gaining markets in the future owing to the benefits it provides automotive shippers. Several automotive industry players are integrating TMS in their supp...
Alopecia areata, an autoimmune disease that causes hair loss is seen to grow substantially and higher number of people every year. Global pharmaceutical firms are increasingly working towards development of medicines for the treatment of alopecia are...
Walmart to demerge PhonePe, Flipkart to enter India’s e-payment space
With India’s consumer market slated to emerge as the third largest in the world, several global enterprises are looking to establish their presence in growing industry landscape. In fact, despite having a reputable presence in the space, compan...
Driven by the need for better customer experience, the healthcare sector is experiencing a huge shift towards digitalization. Today, organizations across the globe are increasing their invest in healthcare software offerings to digitize traditional h...
There is a rise in the number and spread of rare disorders. Due to their growing presence and risk, various pharmaceutical firms are increasingly working towards the discovery and development of treatments. One such rare-disease treating...
Samsung Pay partners with Finablr for cross-border transactions
With the advent of digitalization, the digital transaction sector is growing at an exponential rate. The ease of paying and increased smartphone penetration are the key factors that are influencing digital transactions worldwide. Various digital wall...
Amazon launches Echo and Alexa in Brazil with support for Portuguese
Smart home devices are gaining a lot of attention lately owing to their home automation control facility. People can generally command a smart home device to carry out a task, like switching on lights, and it would follow the command and control elec...
KDDI choses Ericsson as primary vendor for deployment of 5G in Japan
The two companies have been working on 5G since November 2015 Ericsson to provide its radio access network equipment to KDDI Swedish networking and telecom major Ericsson has reportedly been selected by KDDI, Japan’s second largest mobile ...
Corporate mergers and acquisitions in the pharmaceutical sector are considered a vital part of an organizational growth strategy. It opens many opportunities that help companies carry out reduction in business risk, corporate restructuring, developme...
Sinch to acquire myElefant for €18.5 Mn in an all-cash transaction
· The acquisition will help Sinch enhance its business outcomes through next-gen messaging. · The transaction will be closing in early October 2019. Sinch AB, a leading telecommunication and cloud computing platform, has reportedly in...
Darwinbox raises $15M in a Series B funding round led by Sequoia India
The Hyderabad-based startup to bring its HR tech platform to more Asian markets with the fresh funding Darwinbox, a Hyderabad-based startup that offers a cloud-based human resource management platform, recently announced that it has raised USD $15 m...
Casio opts Trustonic to Enhance and Secure Next-gen Smartwatches
Wearable technology has certainly come a long way as it can now connect with devices like smartphones, watches and more. However, the technology is prone to different kinds of security breaches and hacks. Today, manufacturers of smartwatches have rea...
Source Photonics unveils new optical transceivers for 5G applications
A fiber optic transceiver is a device that uses fiber optical technology to send and receive data. Optical transceivers are being adopted extensively throughout the world due to their advantages over traditional transmission systems. Various companie...
The Phase 2 study will register approx. twelve patients diagnosed with malignant mesothelioma that have failed systemic platin-based front-line chemotherapy. The key objective of the trial is to evaluate efficacy of MTG201- Nivolumab treat...
The results from the Phase II/III trials, which involved efficacy data and preliminary safety, was presented at the IASLC 2019 World Conference on Lung Cancer, held in Barcelona, Spain. Ipsen, a French pharmaceutical company, and Servier Labora...
Ceridian inks an agreement to acquire WFM solution provider RITEQ
The acquisition would advance Ceridian’s momentum in New Zealand and the Australian markets. Ceridian HCM, Inc., a leading human capital management (HCM) technology company, has recently announced that it has signed a definitive share purchase...
The company is set to initiate a Phase 2 clinical trial in the U.S. after a successful Phase 1 trial in Spain. Rocket Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a U.S.-based biotechnology company, has recently announced the U.S. Phase 2 clinical advancement trial for R...
The biopharma company is planning to initiate the Phase 1/2 clinical trial of ADC cancer therapy that targets AKR1C3 and the Globo series. OBI Pharma, Inc., a pharmaceutical company based in Taiwan, recently announced that the U.S. Food and Dru...
AT&T and Nexstar end dispute stations restored to U-verse and DirecTV
The stations went offline on July 3 at 11.59 pm local time after AT&T and Nexstar were not able to make an agreement. The new agreement between two companies allows 120 stations, including NBC, CBS, FOX and ABC affiliate stations, to get back ...
Trovagene reveals positive data from Phase 2 study of Onvansertib
The company presented its preliminary data at the 20th Asia-Pacific Prostate Cancer Conference held in Melbourne, Australia. Trovagene, Inc., a Precision Cancer Medicine™ oncology therapeutics firm developing innovative drugs that ta...
Amgen inks deal with Celgene for psoriasis drug Otezla at USD 13.4B
The purchase of Otezla is expected to offer growth for Amgen escalating its shares over 3% on Monday. The deal would clear the path for Bristol- Myers Squibb to move ahead with USD 74 billion deal for Celgene. California based Amgen Inco...
Blue Tie Global launches platform in UAE, enters international market
The expansion in the International waters will augment the company’s penetration into the other GCC and Middle Eastern markets. Mumbai based new age professional networking platform, Blue Tie Global reportedly announced the unveiling of its ap...
Lockheed Martin & USAF report smooth operation of second GPS III SV02
The GPS III SV02 satellite offers 8× enhanced anti-jamming abilities and 3× higher accuracy. GPS III SV02 also offers a new civil signal which is compatible with international GPS satellite systems. The USAF’s second ne...
Facebook launches a feature to clear website and app history
The company will not use any of the data which is disconnected by users to target ads to them on Instagram, Messenger, or Facebook. Facebook has reportedly been intending to enable users to disconnect their account from app and website history. If u...
DSV buys Panalpina to become one of the largest airfreight providers
Denmark company takes over Swiss logistics group Panalpina in a deal of over USD 5.5 million. This acquisition will create the world’s fourth largest airfreight company. Denmark based DSV A/S recently announced the completio...
Russian nuclear power station shuts off following safety system error
Urals facility shuts down Byeloyarsk power unit at 9.15 local time after automated safety system’s false activation. This incident adds to the rising concerns regarding Russia’s nuclear activities. According to the Rosatom St...
Coinmine raises $2.5 million in investment in its seed funding round
Republic Labs, M13 Ventures, Gumi Crypto & early Uber financer Shervin Pishevar contributed to this funding. Almost 10% of customers purchase from Coinmine again and less than 4% Coinmine one devices are returned. Coinmine, the make...
SoftBank to trade a stake in Bharti Airtels telecom business
The Japanese firm, SoftBank has been reported to purchase a stake in the Airtel business of India either directly or indirectly through a holding company. Bharti Enterprises and SoftBank have established a 50:50 joint venture already since 2011. ...
The agency has already directed number of firms operating in the tobacco area to remove some of their products from the market. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has recently released warning letters against four companies to recall 4...
Under the phase 2 trial approximately 90 patients with CLL will receive either ibrutinib or ibrutinib coupled with cirmtuzumab Oncternal Therapeutics, a biotechnology company, has reportedly announced opening of enrollment for patients suffering fro...
This test would give opportunity to understand if NPS can induce immune response in patients with DCIS. The VADIS outputs could tell the company about potential synergies among standard therapies and NPS in the women suffering from DCIS. SELLAS ...
· Outputs would be shared globally with healthcare authorities at the next medical meeting. · While encouraging survival results were observed, the data isn’t mature enough and a follow-up would continue up until next planned ana...
Texas joins other states in lawsuit to halt T-Mobile-Sprint deal
The state is suing T-Mobile’s $26.5 billion takeover of rival cellphone company Sprint. Texas has recently joined nearly a dozen American states that is filing a motion to stop T-Mobile’s acquisition of rival telecommunication ...
CEO Dr. Athena Countouriotis will participate in a question and answer session at the conference in Boston this month. Turning Point Therapeutics, Inc., a clinical-stage oncology company focused on developing novel drugs to address treatment re...
Novartis International AG, a Swiss-based pharmaceutical company recently announced results from Phase 3 PARAGON-HF trial in HFpEF (heart failure patients with preserved ejection fraction), investigating the efficacy & safety of sacubitril/ valsar...
Zuckerberg thrilled about WhatsApp Payments beta testing in India
With 400 million users, India is the biggest market for WhatsApp. Facebook Inc. now awaits regulatory approval for a complete roll-out of WhatsApp Pay in India. Mark Zuckerberg, Chief Executive of Facebook stated that beta testing of WhatsApp Pa...
Coca-Cola to officially bring its alcoholic beverage to Japan
Coca-Cola is set to debut in the alcohol market with lemon chuhai in Japan in October this year. This is marked to be the company’s first ever hard drink. The global beverage giant, Coca-Cola has come up with its first ever alcohol...
The clinical study is expected to enroll about 18-30 cancer patients for testing. The clinical trial is expected to take approximately two years to complete. KAZIA Therapeutics Ltd., (Kazia), a renowned oncology-focused biotechnology firm based ...
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Half of barristers experience threats in their work, survey finds
Family law cited as most dangerous practice area by 44% of respondents
Thu, Feb 14, 2019, 00:37
Conor Gallagher Crime Correspondent
Barrister Rachel Baldwin said a woman at the Dolphin House Family Law Court in Dublin tried to push her down the stairs after a hearing. Photograph: Dara Mac Dónaill / The Irish Times
More than half of all barristers have experienced violence or aggression in the course of their work, with the family courts being cited as the most dangerous place to practise, according to a new survey.
“Organised lay litigants” in property repossession cases and aggrieved partners in family law cases are some of the main sources of threats and violence against barristers, said Bar Council president Micheál O’Higgins.
Some barristers have also received text messages from lay litigants or their supporters threatening them and their families.
For example, lawyers involved in the repossession case against Roscommon farmer Anthony McGann received threatening texts from anti-repossession protesters, Mr O’Higgins said.
Mr McGann’s home in Strokestown was the subject of a high-profile repossession by agents acting for KBC Bank. There is no suggestion he was involved in sending threatening messages.
Other barristers to receive threatening messages include senior counsel Elizabeth O’Connell. It is understood Ms O’Connell received at least one death threat last year following her involvement in a rape trial in which, acting for the accused, she made reference to the complainant’s underwear.
The survey of 460 barristers (out of a total of 2,200) undertaken by the Bar Council shows 53.4 per cent have experienced violence, aggression or threats relating to their work, either in person, online or via text message.
Family law was cited by 44 per cent of respondents as the most dangerous area to work in followed by criminal law (36 per cent) and debt or repossession cases (32 per cent).
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The survey suggests violence against lawyers goes far beyond the cases reported in the media. Only 7 per cent of barristers who experienced aggression reported it to the Courts Service afterwards.
“It’s become so common that we’re just used to it,” said family law barrister Rachel Baldwin. She said a woman before Dolphin House Family Law Court in Dublin recently tried to push her down the stairs after a hearing.
“I run up and down those stairs every day and something made me hold the handrail that day, which I never do.”
On another occasion a man involved in a family law case waited for several hours for Ms Baldwin to leave court before following her down the Quays.
“I just went into a coffee house and waited it out. And he was staring me out of it.”
Family law cases are highly emotive and tempers are perhaps more likely to flare there than in the criminal courts,” she said. “You’re dealing with a denial of access to children or domestic violence. People don’t understand you’re just doing a job so you become kind of the target and it becomes personal.”
Cramp conditions
Dolphin House is a particular problem because it is so cramped and there are very few people in court at any one time as family law cases are heard in private.
“The facilities are completely inappropriate. You’ve someone down there for a domestic violence order and they’re sitting across from their alleged abuser.”
Security scanners and extra gardaí were put in place in the family court complex in Phoenix House in Dublin last month after a major security incident but no similar measures are planned for Dolphin House.
Mr O’Higgins said the lack of space and facilities in courts such as Dolphin House contributed to a “pressure cooker” atmosphere.
“There’s no refuge for litigants, who are understandably sometimes highly stressed. There’s nowhere for them even to sit down with a cup of tea and decompress.”
He also expressed concern that in criminal matters an accused can fire their legal team and take their place on the barrister’s bench, meaning they are “within striking distance” of the prosecuting counsel.
This is what occurred during the 2017 murder trial of Vesel Jahiri when the accused punched prosecuting counsel Patrick Marrinan SC in the face.
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Year : 2020 | Volume : 41 | Issue : 2 | Page : 162--168
Sexually transmitted infections and human immunodeficiency virus coinfection: Scenario in Western India
Santoshdev P Rathod1, Bela Padhiar2, Bela Shah3,
1 Department of Dermatology, Smt. NHL Municipal Medical College, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
2 Department of Dermatology, GMERS Medical College, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
3 Department of Dermatology, B. J. Medical College, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
Dr. Santoshdev P Rathod
E-801, Savvy Swaraaj Akanksha-Phase 1, New SG Highway, Gota, Ahmedabad - 382 470, Gujarat
Context: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) have a well-established synergistic relationship with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Coinfection with HIV and STI can increase the probability of HIV transmission to an uninfected partner by increasing HIV concentrations in genital lesions, genital secretions, or both. Concurrent HIV infection alters the natural history of the classic STIs. Aims: The aim was to study the current scenario of STIs with HIV co-infection, and to recognize different manifestations of STIs than the classical presentation in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV). Settings and Design: It was an open, cross-sectional, descriptive study carried out in the setting of state government hospital with attached antiretroviral therapy referral center. Subjects and Methods: The sample size of the study was duration based (30 months). Inclusion Criteria: All PLHIV presenting to the department of dermatology with STIs were included in the study. Exclusion Criteria: Non-STI causes of genital ulceration were excluded in the study. Results: The study includes total (n = 484) patients living with HIV/AIDS, prevalence of different STIs was in the following order, herpes simplex virus infections 24.17%, human papillomavirus infections 8.88%, molluscum contagiosum 7.43%, secondary syphilis 4.33%, gonorrhea 1.85%, chancroid 1.44%, and granuloma inguinale 0.41%. Of all the patients with herpes simplex virus infections, 45.6% (n = 57) had multiple recurrences (>6/year). The incidence of mixed STI was 17.29% in the present study. Conclusions: The study represents decreasing trends in bacterial STIs and the rise of viral STIs. Atypical presentations of classic STIs were more frequent than non-HIV-infected individuals.
Rathod SP, Padhiar B, Shah B. Sexually transmitted infections and human immunodeficiency virus coinfection: Scenario in Western India.Indian J Sex Transm Dis 2020;41:162-168
Rathod SP, Padhiar B, Shah B. Sexually transmitted infections and human immunodeficiency virus coinfection: Scenario in Western India. Indian J Sex Transm Dis [serial online] 2020 [cited 2021 Jan 19 ];41:162-168
Available from: https://www.ijstd.org/text.asp?2020/41/2/162/291218
The relationship between sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is complex and manifold, and both are acquired through sexual transmission. The classic STIs and genital ulcer diseases (GUDs) in particular, are significant risk factors for HIV in developing countries. The natural history, manifestations, and treatment of classic STIs may be altered by concurrent HIV infection. Trends in STI incidence and prevalence can be a useful indicator of changes in sexual behavior and therefore, valuable for determining the impact of HIV/AIDS control program.
The objective of the current study was to study the current scenario of STIs in a tertiary referral center of western India. Epidemiological trends, variation in the clinical presentation, and response to the therapy were observed.
It was an open, cross-sectional, descriptive study carried out in the setting of state government hospital with attached antiretroviral therapy (ART) referral center. The sample size of the study was duration based. The duration of the study was 30 months. Inclusion criteria: All people living with HIV (PLHIV) presenting to the department of dermatology with STIs. Bacterial infections such as gonorrhea, syphilis, chancroid, granuloma inguinale-producing genital ulcers, viral infections due to herpes simplex virus (HSV) of genital and nongenital type, human papillomavirus (HPV)-producing genital warts, and molluscum contagiosum virus (MCV)-causing genital molluscum contagiosum lesions were included in the study. Exclusion criteria: Patients with genital ulcers due to non-STI cause were excluded from the study. Informed consent for the use of medical records and taking photographs was obtained from every patient. A sociodemographic profile was recorded. A thorough general, systemic, and cutaneous examination was done. Based on the examination, patients were subjected to relevant investigations such as blood and serum chemistry, radiology, bedside tissue smear, and histopathological examination were carried out as required. The study was carried out as a part of thesis protocol submitted to the affiliated university.
Of the total 484 patients, 294 (60.74%) were male and 188 (38.84%) were female, and 2 (0.41%) were transgenders. The male-to-female ratio was 1.56:1.440 (90.90%) patients were adults (>18 years), followed by 30 (6.19%) in the pediatric age group (0–10 year) and 14 (2.84%) in adolescent age group (11–18 years). As per NACO estimates, the prevalence of HIV is highest in 15–49 years of age group (88.7%of all HIV cases) which in our study is 86.77% of the study population [Table 1].{Table 1}
Among the 484 patients, total mucocutaneous manifestations of HIV/AIDS were 688 out of which 34.44% (n = 237) were manifestations of STIs. Of total 237 STIs, 82.70% (n = 196) were viral, 16.45% (n = 39) were bacterial, and 0.84% (n = 2) were parasitic etiology. Thus, viral infections were the most predominant opportunistic infections in the present study.
Of all STIs in the study, genital herpes virus infections were most common 49.36% (n = 117), followed by HPV infections 18.14% (n = 43), MCV infections 15.18% (n = 36), syphilis of various stages 8.8% (n = 21), gonococcal infections 3.79% (n = 9), chancroid 2.95% (n = 7), and scabies (genital/nodular scabies presenting as STI) 0.84% (n = 2), respectively [Table 2]. Mixed venereal diseases were found in 41 patients.{Table 2}
Infections caused by HSV [Table 3] were most common among all STIs and it had a wide spectrum of presentation ranging from few grouped vesicular lesions to large, chronic, recurrent, vegetation, hypertrophic, and anogenital lesions [Figure 1] and [Figure 2]. The median CD4 count for perianal herpes was 161.66. The median CD4 count at primary episode was 235/μL and 348/μL for the recurrent episode, suggesting recurrences were common even with an improvement in patients' immune status.{Table 3}{Figure 1}{Figure 2}
HPV infections were the second-most common STIs after genital herpes observed in 43 patients. All morphologies of verrucae were observed in the study. The most common were anogenital warts 68.42% (n = 39 out of 57), followed by verruca plana 10.52% (n = 6 out of 57), epidermodysplasia verruciformis 7.01% (n = 4 out of 57), bowenoid papulosis 7.01% (n = 4 out of 57), verruca vulgaris 5.26% (n = 3 out of 57) [Figure 3], and one case of intraoral wart on mucosa of hard palate was observed (1.75%, n = 1 out of 57) [Table 4]. One patient with verruca vulgaris had numerous warts distributed all over the body and size ranging from small verrucous papules to large nodular growths obstructing vision and forming hard, nodules over dorsa of both feet and hands.{Figure 3}{Table 4}
MCV infections were observed in 7.43% (n = 36) patients. The common clinical presentation was that of multiple lesions and giant (>2 cm in size) lesions involving extragenital sites such as face and back as well [Figure 4].{Figure 4}
Overall, of all STIs in the current study, 82.78% were of viral origin and 16.38% were of bacterial origin.
Among the classical bacterial STIs, syphilis was 8.8% (n = 21). Atypical presentation as compared to immunocompetent population was noted in six cases. Two cases of multiple primary chancres, two cases of rupioid syphilis, one case of psoriasiform syphilis, and one case of tertiary syphilis were noted which presented as palatal perforation secondary to syphilitic gumma. No resistance to benzathine penicillin was found in any of our cases [Figure 5], [Figure 6], [Figure 7]. Among the other bacterial STIs, the prevalence of incidence of gonorrhea was 3.79% (n = 9), chancroid was 2.95% (n = 7) [Figure 8], and granuloma inguinale 0.84% (n = 2) [Figure 9], respectively. Only one out of nine patient of gonorrhea had laboratory-proven resistance to fluoroquinolones, rest of all the cases responded to tablet azithromycin 1 g stat + tablet cefixime 400 mg stat [Table 2].{Figure 5}{Figure 6}{Figure 7}{Figure 8}{Figure 9}
Herpes simplex virus and human immunodeficiency virus infection
HSV-2 is among the most common infection in HIV-seropositive persons, as about 70% of HIV-infected persons in the developed world and 95% in the developing world have HSV-2 antibody.[1] A study done by Ray et al., also found that HSV-2 is the most common etiological agent of STIs in PLHIV.[2] The role of HSV-2 in HIV transmission is due to the potential of epithelial breaks to allow entry to HIV and the recruitment of CD4+ lymphocytes to HSV lesions that allow for HIV initial attachment. Several studies have shown that HIV-infected persons are at increased risk for HSV-2 acquisition. Potential reasons include increased susceptibility to infection or increased risk of contact with partners who are shedding HSV-2 in the context of HIV infection. The frequent genital HSV-2 reactivation in HIV-seropositive persons results in chronic antigenic stimulation. Schacker et al. showed that HIV strains initially in herpes ulcers subsequently appear in plasma.[3] A transient increase in plasma HIV RNA has been noted during recurrent genital herpes.[4] Laboratory studies have provided supportive evidence that HSV may be an important cofactor for HIV expression. Both replicating and heat-inactivated HSV induce tumor necrosis factor-α activity and HIV expression in macrophages.[5] Herpetic lesions are associated with an influx of activated CD4-bearing lymphocytes,[6] which may result in increased expression of HIV on mucosal surfaces. In vivo, HSV-1 and HIV co-infection of epithelial cells results in a higher copy number of HSV virions.[7] Chronic persistent genital ulcers caused by HSV are among opportunistic infections included in the definition of AIDS, and a small fraction of HIV- and HSV-infected patients present with persistent chronic mucocutaneous ulcerations often involving large areas of perianal, vulvar, or penile areas.[8] Most HSV infections in persons with HIV infection will respond to antiviral therapy, and acyclovir (ACV), valaciclovir, and famciclovir have all been shown to be useful in reducing clinical and subclinical reactivation of HSV in HIV-positive persons.[9] Suppressive therapy with ACV increases the daily pill burden, but prevents most clinical episodes, reduces the risk of HSV-2 shedding, and may have indirect effects on HIV, as noted above. Some patients who initially respond to ACV may develop thymidine kinase-deficient mutants for which standard antiviral therapy is ineffective. The median CD4 count of patients presenting with perianal HSV infections was 161.66 cells/cm3 in the current study which suggests that perianal HSV could be a marker for an advanced degree of immunosuppression.
Human papillomavirus and human immunodeficiency virus infection
In general, an increased genital HPV prevalence has been observed among patients with immune-related disorders. Numerous studies have consistently demonstrated a high prevalence of HPV among HIV-seropositive populations of women[10] and men.[11] Studies have also shown increased HPV incidence[12],[13] and increased frequencies of infections with multiple HPV types among HIV-infected individuals. One interpretation for the increased prevalence among HIV-seropositive individuals is that HIV-induced immunosuppression leads to reactivation of viruses that are otherwise undetectable. A study by Chakaravarty et al. found the prevalence of HPV 26.85% in HIV-infected women.[14] In HIV infection, lesion histology may be atypical, with hyperkeratosis and verrucous changes.[14]
Human immunodeficiency virus and molluscum contagiosum virus infection
The increase in rates and severity of infection in patients with AIDS indicates that intact cell-mediated immunity (CMI) is important in the control of MCV, as it is for vaccinia.[15],[16] However, it is not clear whether a decrease in CD4 cells, Langerhans' cells, or another component of CMI is responsible for greater disease severity in AIDS. The majority of lesions occur on the face and neck, especially in the beard area, where they are apparently spread by shaving; anogenital infection is relatively uncommon.[17] Outbreaks with extensive lesions are common, and giant molluscum lesions are noted in up to 10% of patients. Increased use of highly active ART would be expected to result in a reduction in molluscum contagiosum among persons with HIV infection.
Syphilis and human immunodeficiency virus infection
Few published data support the contention that the manifestations of primary and secondary syphilis are altered by HIV infection, and in fact, prospective studies provide results that refute this notion. In contrast, concurrent HIV infection, whether before or after a diagnosis of AIDS has been made, appears to have an impact on neurologic involvement in syphilis.[18] Cases of therapeutic failures have been described after conventional doses of penicillin for primary or secondary syphilis. Numerous individual case reports have documented the apparently rapid progression of early syphilis to neurosyphilis, manifested as meningitis or cranial nerve defects (most commonly optic neuritis or deafness).[19],[20] The term “quaternary neurosyphilis” has been revived to describe necrotizing encephalitis in an HIV-infected patient.[21] In many cases, concurrent HIV infection has been documented for the first time only when neurologic complications appeared. The risk of neurosyphilis is increased substantially “three to fivefold” in HIV-infected patients with serum rapid plasma reagin titers >1:32 or in whom CD4 counts are <350.[22]
Chancroid and human immunodeficiency virus infection
At the end of the 1990s, several studies suggested a trend toward lower chancroid and higher HSV prevalence in endemic areas, likely due to syndromic management for bacterial agents of GUD and reactivation HSV in patients coinfected with HIV-1.[23] In case–control studies in areas endemic for chancroid and HIV, the relative risk of acquiring HIV infection for patients with GUD ranged from odds ratios of 3 to 18.2.[24] Per individual sexual act, GUD is estimated to enhance HIV acquisition by 4–23-fold; the exact magnitude of the cofactor effect is difficult to estimate due to confounding variables. Multiple case reports indicated that patients who are HIV seropositive have atypical presentations of chancroid. Interestingly, the histopathology of chancroidal ulcers in HIV seropositives and seronegatives is indistinguishable.[25] Reports from Africa on persons coinfected with HIV and chancroid also indicated that coinfected individuals have a greater number of ulcers that persist for longer periods and do not heal as readily after antibiotic treatment as patients infected with Haemophilus ducreyi alone.[26] Antibiotic treatment failures were reported in HIV seropositives for what were suboptimal regimens even in HIV seronegatives. Treatment failure of chancroid in HIV seropositives is likely due to coinfection with HSV and does not represent failure to eradicate H. ducreyi.[27] Taken together, the data suggest that the effect of HIV on the histopathology, clinical course, and treatment of chancroid is minimal.
Donovanosis and human immunodeficiency virus infection
In Durban, in a population where HIV infection had been introduced only recently, the proportion of men with donovanosis and HIV infection increased significantly as the duration of lesions increased, thereby suggesting that HIV was acquired through sexual intercourse in the presence of ulcers.[28] The treatment of donovanosis may need to be modified in HIV-infected patients with significant immunosuppression. In Mumbai, India, the mean healing time in HIV-positive patients with donovanosis was 25.7 days compared to 16.8 days in HIV-negative individuals. However, among HIV-positive pregnant women without significant documented immunosuppression, the clinical presentation and response to treatment in donovanosis appeared to be unaltered by HIV.
Gonorrhea and human immunodeficiency virus infection
Gonorrhea facilitates transmission of HIV by 3–5 times. Gonococcal cervicitis increases cervical HIV shedding. The treatment of cervicitis in HIV-infected women reduces HIV shedding from the cervix and might reduce HIV transmission.
Overall marked decline in bacterial STIs, resulting in an apparent increase of viral STIs over the past 10 years or so was reported from Kerala.[29] In our study also, viral STIs constituted a large chunk of cases.
Viral STIs predominate as a cause of STI in PLHIV. Clinicians should be aware of varied manifestation, mixed infection, and altered course of STIs in PLHIV. This shows decreasing trends in bacterial STIs and rise of Viral STIs over the period of 20 years.
Limitation of the study
The institute follows a syndromic approach for diagnosis of STIs and nonulcerative STIs such as vaginal discharge, pelvic inflammatory disease were not included in the study.
1 Stamm WE, Handsfield HH, Rompalo AM, Ashley RL, Roberts PL, Corey L, et al. The association between genital ulcer disease and acquisition of HIV infection in homosexual men. JAMA 1988;260:1429-33.
2 Ray K, Bala M, Bhattacharya M, Muralidhar S, Kumari M, Salhan S, et al. Prevalence of RTI/STI agents and HIV infection in symptomatic and asymptomatic women attending peripheral health set-ups in Delhi, India. Epidemiol Infect 2008;136:1432-40.
3 Schacker T, Ryncarz AJ, Goddard J, Diem K, Shaughnessy M, Corey L, et al. Frequent recovery of HIV-1 from genital herpes simplex virus lesions in HIV-1-infected men. JAMA 1998;280:61-6.
4 Mole L, Ripich S, Margolis D, Holodniy M. The impact of active herpes simplex virus infection on human immunodeficiency virus load. J Infect Dis 1997;176:766-70.
5 Moriuchi M, Moriuchi H, Williams R, Straus SE. Herpes simplex virus infection induces replication of human immunodeficiency virus type 1. Virology 2000;278:534-40.
6 Koelle DM, Abbo H, Peck A, Ziegweid K, Corey L. Direct recovery of herpes simplex virus (HSV)-specific T lymphocyte clones from recurrent genital HSV-2 lesions. J Infect Dis 1994;169:956-61.
7 Posavad CM, Wald A, Kuntz S, Huang ML, Selke S, Krantz E, et al. Frequent reactivation of herpes simplex virus among HIV-1-infected patients treated with highly active antiretroviral therapy. J Infect Dis 2004;190:693-6.
8 Siegal FP, Lopez C, Hammer GS, Brown AE, Kornfeld SJ, Gold J, et al. Severe acquired immunodeficiency in male homosexuals, manifested by chronic perianal ulcerative herpes simplex lesions. N Engl J Med 1981;305:1439-44.
9 Conant MA. Prophylactic and suppressive treatment with acyclovir and the management of herpes in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. J Am Acad Dermatol 1988;18:186-8.
10 Ahdieh L, Klein RS, Burk R, Cu-Uvin S, Schuman P, Duerr A, et al. Prevalence, incidence, and type-specific persistence of human papillomavirus in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive and HIV-negative women. J Infect Dis 2001;184:682-90.
11 Chin-Hong PV, Vittinghoff E, Cranston RD, Buchbinder S, Cohen D, Colfax G, et al. Age-specific prevalence of anal human papillomavirus infection in HIV-negative sexually active men who have sex with men: The EXPLORE study. J Infect Dis 2004;190:2070-6.
12 van der Snoek EM, Niesters HG, van Doornum GJ, Mulder PG, Osterhaus AD, van der Meijden WI, et al. Acquisition and clearance of perianal human papillomavirus infection in relation to HIV-positivity in men who have sex with men in the Netherlands. Acta Derm Venereol 2005;85:437-43.
13 Clifford GM, Gonçalves MA, Franceschi S, HPV and HIV Study Group. Human papillomavirus types among women infected with HIV: A meta-analysis. AIDS 2006;20:2337-44.
14 Chakravarty J, Chourasia A, Thakur M, Singh AK, Sundar S, Agrawal NR, et al. Prevalence of human papillomavirus infection and cervical abnormalities in HIV-positive women in Eastern India. Indian J Med Res 2016;143:79-86.
15 Smith KJ, Skelton H. Molluscum contagiosum: Recent advances in pathogenic mechanisms, and new therapies. Am J Clin Dermatol 2002;3:535-45.
16 Buller RM, Palumbo GJ. Poxvirus pathogenesis. Microbiol Rev 1991;55:80-122.
17 Koopman RJ, van Merriënboer FC, Vreden SG, Dolmans WM. Molluscum contagiosum; a marker for advanced HIV infection. Br J Dermatol 1992;126:528-9.
18 Musher DM, Hamill RJ, Baughn RE. Effect of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection on the course of syphilis and on the response to treatment. Ann Intern Med 1990;113:872-81.
19 Johns DR, Tierney M, Felsenstein D. Alteration in the natural history of neurosyphilis by concurrent infection with the human immunodeficiency virus. N Engl J Med 1987;316:1569-72.
20 Morgello S, Laufer H. Quaternary neurosyphilis. N Engl J Med 1988;319:1549-50.
21 Marra CM, Maxwell CL, Smith SL, Lukehart SA, Rompalo AM, Eaton M, et al. Cerebrospinal fluid abnormalities in patients with syphilis: Association with clinical and laboratory features. J Infect Dis 2004;189:369-76.
22 Chen CY, Ballard RC, Beck-Sague CM, Dangor Y, Radebe F, Schmid S, et al. Human immunodeficiency virus infection and genital ulcer disease in South Africa: The herpetic connection. Sex Transm Dis 2000;27:21-9.
23 Hoyo C, Hoffman I, Moser BK, Hobbs MM, Kazembe P, Krysiak RG, et al. Improving the accuracy of syndromic diagnosis of genital ulcer disease in Malawi. Sex Transm Dis 2005;32:231-7.
24 Gray RH, Wawer MJ, Brookmeyer R, Sewankambo NK, Serwadda D, Wabwire-Mangen F, et al. Probability of HIV-1 transmission per coital act in monogamous, heterosexual, HIV-1-discordant couples in Rakai, Uganda. Lancet 2001;357:1149-53.
25 Magro CM, Crowson AN, Alfa M, Nath A, Ronald A, Ndinya-Achola JO, et al. Amorphological study of penile chancroid lesions in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive and -negative African men with a hypothesis concerning the role of chancroid in HIV transmission. Hum Pathol 1996;27:1066-70.
26 Trees DL, Morse SA. Chancroid and Haemophilus ducreyi: An update. Clin Microbiol Rev 1995;8:357-75.
27 Malonza IM, Tyndall MW, Ndinya-Achola JO, Maclean I, Omar S, MacDonald KS, et al. Arandomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of single-dose ciprofloxacin versus erythromycin for the treatment of Chancroid in Nairobi, Kenya. J Infect Dis 1999;180:1886-93.
28 O'Farrell N, Hoosen AA, Coetzee KD, van den Ende J. Genital ulcer disease in men in Durban, South Africa. Genitourin Med 1991;67:327-30.
29 Narayanan B. A retrospective study of the pattern of sexually transmitted diseases during a ten-year period. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 2005;71:333-7.
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Official Publication of the Indian Association for the Study of Sexually Transmitted Diseases
The Journal | Search | Ahead Of Print | Current Issue | Archives | Instructions | Subscribe | Login Users online: 314
January-June 2012
Online since Wednesday, March 14, 2012
Accessed 155,259 times.
Full text access is free in HTML pages; however the journal allows PDF access only to users from INDIA and paid subscribers.
Vesicobullous disorders of female genitalia p. 1
Taru Garg, Saurabh Mittal
Blistering over the vulval region can be due to multiple causes, each having nearly a similar presentation. Thus, a thorough understanding of the various etiologies is necessary to make a correct diagnosis. Clinically, there always remains some ambiguity as to the precise diagnosis, thus investigations, such as biopsy, play a very essential role in clinching the correct diagnosis. Most of these disorders are amenable to treatment and thus an early intervention is a must to prevent morbidity associated with these diseases.
Exploring dynamics of anal sex among female sex workers in Andhra Pradesh p. 9
Saroj Tucker, Rama Krishna, Parimi Prabhakar, Swarup Panyam, Pankaj Anand
Objective: The anal sex among heterosexual couples is on the rise as reported in many scientific studies. Considering that unprotected anal sex has higher risk of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission than the vaginal sex, we undertook a study to understand the anal sex practices among Female Sex Workers (FSW). Materials and Methods: The study was conducted among FSW attending 11 randomly selected sexually transmitted infection (STI) clinics in Bill and Melinda Gates supported targeted interventions in Andhra Pradesh. A structured questionnaire was administered to the 555 FSW attending these clinics by project clinic counselors. Informed consent was obtained from all the study participants. Results: Engaging in anal sex was self reported by 22% of sex workers, though demand from clients was reported to be much higher (40%). The reasons for anal sex practices included more money (61%), clout/influence of the client (45%), risk of losing client (27%), and forced sex (1.2%). Factors associated with anal sex were higher number of clients, higher duration of sex work, higher income, and older age group. Associated risks perceived by FSW were bleeding and injury to anal canal (98%) while only 28% associated it with higher HIV transmission risk. Reported Condom and lubricant use was about 88% and 39% respectively. Conclusion: The study shows that there is frequent anal sex, inconsistent condom and infrequent lubricant usage, economic and physical coercion, and low awareness of STI/HIV transmission risk among FSW, which have serious implications for HIV prevention programmes. There is a need to focus on anal sex education and use of lubricants along with condoms during anal sex in FSW-targeted interventions in AP.
Sexually transmitted diseases among men who have sex with men: A retrospective analysis from Suraksha clinic in a tertiary care hospital p. 16
Taru Garg, Ram Chander, Arpita Jain, Meenu Barara
Background: Men who have sex with men (MSMs) are a vulnerable population for spread of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Apart from being important for HIV transmission, they tend to have a different distribution patterns of STDs. Few Indian studies have looked into this aspect. Objective: We retrospectively analyzed the available data on MSM from Suraksha clinic of a tertiary care hospital in a metropolitan city from 2004 to 2010. Materials and Methods: A total of 75 MSM constituting 11.4% of the total 660 patients visited our Suraksha clinic in these 6 years. The clinical and behavioral profile of each patient along with the pattern of STDs was evaluated. Observations and Results: 75% of the MSMs were promiscuous; one-third of them indulging in only homosexual activities. Syphilis was the most common STD, followed by condyloma acuminata, herpes genitalis, and gonorrhea. On comparing the data on the STD profiles of the heterosexual males, predisposition toward bacterial STDs among MSMs was observed. Conclusion: Identification of MSMs is important as most of them are bisexual and promiscuous, thereby playing a role in spread of STDs in vast number of partners. The profile of STDs also differs in MSM, which makes it all the more important to identify them.
Initial assessment of scaled-up sexually transmitted infection intervention in Himachal Pradesh under National AIDS Control Program - III p. 20
Sunite A Ganju, NL Sharma
Objectives : To assess the impact of scaled-up sexually transmitted infection (STI) intervention under National AIDS Control Program (NACP) III and to examine the profile of STI/RTI clinic (now named Suraksha Clinic) attendees. Materials and Methods : A retrospective study by data analysis was done from April 2008 to March 2010. The scaled-up intervention comprised of (i) adopting enhanced syndromic approach, (ii) capacity building by appointing counselors and trainings of staff, (iii) strengthening STI/RTI clinics by provision of logistics and privacy by civil works, and (iv) supervisory support. The outcome which directly influenced service delivery was evaluated within this framework. Results : Sixteen "Suraksha Clinics" have been remodeled, equipped with supplies and laboratory set up. A total of 64,554 clinic visits were reported of which 27,317 [42%] attended the clinics for index STI/RTI complaint(s). Majority of the clients (44%) were young, 25-44 years old. Male to female ratio was 1:1.8. In females, the commonest complaint was lower abdominal pain (25%) and vaginal discharge (33%), the commonest syndrome. Amongst laboratory-confirmed STIs, 305 (1.4%) attendees were positive for trichomoniasis, while bacterial vaginosis was corroborated in 230 (1.07%) patients with clue cells. Amongst antenatal women, 251 were reactive for syphilis (≥1:8 dilutions). 10,579 partners of index STI/RTI patients were notified and partner management was attained to the level of 99%. Conclusion : Preliminary results show increased utilization of STI clinical services, though laboratory services need further strengthening. Continued supportive supervision and capacity building will enable skill development and quality monitoring.
Clinical features and sociodemographic factors affecting Trichomonas vaginalis infection in women attending a central sexually transmitted diseases clinic in Sri Lanka p. 25
Sumadhya D Fernando, Sathya Herath, Chaturaka Rodrigo, Lalani Rajapakse
Introduction: Trichomoniasis is a relatively neglected area of research in Sri Lanka. Given the number of infections observed, an analysis of sociodemographic characteristics of patients would be valuable in prevention. Materials and Methods: Data were collected from 359 newly registered women at a tertiary level sexually transmitted diseases clinic over a period of 18 months. Trichomoniasis was diagnosed by culture of vaginal swabs collected from the posterior fornix. Results: The prevalence of trichomoniasis in the sample was 7.2%. Of those who tested positive for trichomoniasis, 76% were in the age group of 21-45 years, 68% were married and living with a spouse and 60% were unemployed. A diagnosis of Trichomoniasis was associated with being married (OR, 1.6; CI, 0.56-4.41), age over 33 years (OR=1.3, CI, 0.55-2.9), being employed (OR, 1.3; CI, 0.56 - 2.94), having an education of less than ten years at school (OR, 3.0; CI 1.28-7.26) and not using condoms during the last sexual act (OR 2.0, CI 0.84-4.86). The risk was less among commercial sex workers (OR, 0.3, CI: 0.14-0.85), those with multiple sexual partners (OR, 0.2; CI; 0.073-0.408) and women reporting extramarital sexual relationships (OR, 0.3; CI, 0.128-0.733). Conclusions: Education on safe sex and recognition of symptoms is currently targeted at high risk groups such as commercial sex workers. Extending these programmes to the rest of the community will further reduce the risk of transmission of trichomonas.
Current status of acquired syphilis: A hospital-based 5-year study p. 32
Arpita Jain, Vibhu Mendiratta, Ram Chander
Introduction: Prevalence of sexually transmitted infection shows regional variations. Though a rising trend of prevalence of viral STI s has been observed, syphilis still continues to remain a commonly diagnosed STI. Aim: To study the current status of acquired syphilis in a tertiary care hospital. Materials and Methods: Retrospective analysis of all the cases of acquired syphilis registered in our hospital from 2005 to 2009 was done. Complete epidemiological, clinical, and investigational data were recorded and assessed. Observation: Total of 570 cases attended the STI clinic from year 2005 to 2009. 42 (7.36%) cases were diagnosed as syphilis. There were 32 (74%) males and 11 (26%) were females. 25 (60%) were married. Only two patients were less than 15 years of age. Primary syphilis was diagnosed in 21 (50%), secondary in 10 (24%), and latent in 11 (26%) cases. Two (9.5%) of primary syphilis showed multiple chancre. Concomitant primary chancre and lesions of secondary syphilis were seen in 2 (20%) patients. Secondary syphilis presented as condyloma lata (50%), maculo-papular rash (40%), and lues maligna in one patient who was HIV positive. Mixed infection was diagnosed in eight patients of which herpes genitalis was the commonest. Two patients were serologically positive for HIV. Conclusion: Incidence of syphilis had shown a constant trend over last 5 years. In lieu of change in trends of sexual practices, condyloma was the commonest presentation of secondary syphilis. Pustular syphilis was observed in association with HIV and could be a marker of the immune-deficient state.
Cutaneous lymphangiectasia of the vulva secondary to tuberculosis p. 35
Ramesh M Bhat, Celia S Saldanha, Srinath M Kambil, S Dandakeri
Cutaneous lymphangiectasia, also called as acquired lymphangioma, is a benign cutaneous disorder involving the dermal and subcutaneous lymphatic channels. It can rarely occur on the vulva. We describe a 35-year-old woman who came with multiple raised lesions over the vulva and left upper thigh of 1 year duration. She gave history of getting treated for multiple swellings that developed over right side of the neck and inguinal regions on both sides three decades ago. On local genital examination, the patient had a large polypoidal growth involving both sides of the vulva, left upper thigh, and over pubic area. Multiple linear scars were present over the upper thighs and groin bilaterally. The patient underwent simple vulvectomy and left thigh growth excision. Histopathological examination of the vulvectomy specimen confirmed our diagnosis.
Penicillinosis in a HIV-positive individual p. 38
Parveen Dahiya, Reet Kamal, Abhiney Puri, Gaurav Saini, Anupama Arora
Penicillium marneffei is a dimorphic fungus, which can cause fatal infection in HIV-infected patients. The aim of this article is to report a rare case of penicillinosis in an HIV-positive patient from a nonendemic area such as Paonta Sahib, Himachal Pradesh. The patient presented with nonhealing painful ulcer on tongue, chest pain, cough, and chronic diarrhea. Diagnosis was made possible through blood investigations and culture reports of saliva and blood samples.
Recurrent deep venous thrombosis in an HIV-positive and injecting drug user woman p. 41
Vitorino Modesto dos Santos, Ludmila Thommen Teles, Carlos Eduardo Silva Leão, Jânio Wagner Pinheiro Lopes, Custodio Abel Fastudo, Regina Lucas Machado Lima
We report a case of recurrent deep venous thrombosis in a 44-year-old woman, intravenous drug user and HIV-infected, who injected cocaine in the groins and veins of the dorsum of the feet. She suffered several episodes of deep venous thrombosis and soft-tissue infections in the lower limbs. Images of Doppler ultrasound scan revealed thrombosis in the right popliteal vein with partial recanalization and calcified thrombi in the territory of the right femoral vein. After use of heparin and oral anticoagulation, her clinical evolution was uneventful, and she was asymptomatic at the occasion of the hospital discharge. This report calls for better awareness about injections in the groins and superficial femoral veins, which are part of the deep venous system. Thrombosis related to HIV infection is highlighted.
Immune reconstitution disease or mycobacteria other than tuberculosis or both: A dilemma in a patient of AIDS p. 44
Arti Shah, Ajay Stani, Mayur Adalja, Ajay George
A 35-year-old male diagnosed as HIV with tuberculous lymphadenopathy, presented with acute increase in size of neck swelling and fever. The patient was on antiretroviral therapy and antitubercular treatment. Investigations revealed raised CD4 counts and the pus from swelling showed mycobacteria other than tuberculosis (MOTT) on bacteriological examination.The patient was started on steroids, azithromycin, and ciprofloxacin to which he responded well. We report this case to highlight the occurrence of immune reconstitution disease in HIV patients and also to bring out the fact that atypical infection like MOTT may confound the diagnosis even in regions like ours where MOTT is rarely reported.
Gonorrhoea presenting as red eye: Rare case p. 47
Pramod Kumar
Gonorrhoea is a sexually transmitted disease marked by urethritis in males; it may also be transmitted to other organs through contact with infected genital secretions or urine, although rare in this era of modern antibiotics and rapid diagnostic tools. It could pose a difficult situation when we encounter emerging resistant strains. This paper reports a male who presented initially with unilateral gonococcal conjunctivitis contracted via autoinoculation and was found out to be suffering from gonococcal urethritis.
RESIDENT’S PAGE
Matching research design to clinical research questions p. 49
Sadaf Aslam, Helen Georgiev, Kedar Mehta, Ambuj Kumar
The importance of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) versus observational studies has been debated for several years. However, the question is not whether RCTs are better than observational study designs. RCTs certainly provide the most unbiased answers in scenarios where it is logistically and ethically feasible to conduct both RCTs and observational studies. That is, study design is not a choice but a function of matching the research question to provide the most unbiased answers. The basic concept that underpins every clinical research project is the requirement of a clearly defined research question domain. Broadly, the clinical research question domain relates to prognosis, diagnostic accuracy, treatment or adverse events. While RCTs provide the most unbiased answers on questions related to the efficacy of treatments, other designs are better suited to answer questions related to prognosis or diagnostic accuracy of tests. In this paper, we illustrate the significance of matching study design to the research question domain while using clinical scenarios as an example. Although there are several other question domains that also concern the practice of medicine, we are only focusing on study designs concerning the issue of prognosis and diagnostic accuracy in this paper.
Abstracts from the current global literature: Mitochondrial toxicities due to nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors p. 54
Sonia Jain, Kiran Chotaliya, Yogesh S Marfatia
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Cleft lip as a presentation of congenital syphilis p. 58
Richa Gupta, Kiran Chotaliya, Yogesh S Marfatia
Congenital syphilis may present with unusual symptoms in early stages which needs to be identified for prompt treatment. Here, we present a case of 13-day-old female child with congenital syphilis presenting with cleft lip.
Cryptococcal mesenteric lymphadenitis in an immunocompromised host p. 60
Kavita Mardi, Vijay Kaushal
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Coinfection of hepatitis B and hepatitis C in human immunodeficiency virus infected patients in a tertiary care hospital in North West India p. 61
Saroj Hooja, Anita Singhal, Nitya Vyas, Subhash Nepalia, Rekha Bachhiwal, Leela Vyas
Diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis - A rare cutaneous presentation in an HIV-positive patient p. 62
Hemang M Purohit, Asha N Shah, Bipin K Amin, Manoj R Shevkani
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A study of the changing trends in the pattern of sexually transmitted infections in the state of Kerala p. 64
S Pradeep Nair
Skin diseases in HIV-infected patients: Impact of immune status and histological correlation p. 65
Saswati Halder, Sabyasachi Banerjee, Atin Halder, Prosanta Ranjan Pal
Comments: "Pattern of sexually transmitted infections and performance of syndromic management against etiological diagnosis in patients attending STI clinic of a tertiary care hospital" p. 67
Authors' reply p. 68
Shilpee Choudhry, VG Ramachandran, Shukla Das, SN Bhattacharya, Narendra Singh Mogha
Dr. C.N. Sowmini p. 70
P Elangovan
© Indian Journal of Sexually Transmitted Diseases and AIDS | Published by Wolters Kluwer - Medknow
Online since 5th October, 2007
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All Lewis entries for Tullowphelim
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Tullowphelim
More information on Samuel Lewis' Topographical Dictionary of Ireland (1837)
Accompanying Lewis map for Carlow
TANKARDSTOWN, a parish, in the barony of RATHYILLY, county of CARLOW, and province of LEINSTER, 1? mile (N. W. by N.) from Tullow ; containing 1101 inhabitants. It is situated on the rivers Derreen and Slaney, the former of which separates it from the county of Wicklow and bounds it on the east, and the latter bounds it on the west. About seven-tenths of its surface consist of meadow and pasture ; the remainder is arable, with a small portion of wood. Within its limits are the small hamlet called from its situation Tankardstown Cross roads, and Capnagh House, the residence of Wm. Young, Esq. In eccle-siastical concerns it is not known as a parish, but constitutes part of the rectory of Tullow, in the diocese of Leighlin ; and in the R. C. divisions also it is part of the union or district of Tullow. About 170 children are educated in two private schools. At Capnagh are the ruins of an old castle..
TULLOW, or TULLOWPHELIM, a market and post-town, and a parish, in the barony of RATHVILLY, county of CARLOW, and province of LEINSTER, 7- miles (E. S. E.) from Carlow, and 46-(S. S. W.) from Dublin, on the road from Carlow to Newtownbarry ; containing 2587 inhabitants, of which number, 1929 are in the town. This place, which is situated on the river Slaney, over which is a bridge of five arches, built, according to an inscription on it, in the year 1767, is supposed to have been originally an appendage to a castle erected here by some of the first English settlers under the directions of Hugh de Lacy, and to a monastery founded here in 1315 for Augustinian friars by Simon Lumbard and Hugh Tallon, whose grant was confirmed, in 1331, by Edw. III. At the dissolution its temporalities were granted to the Earl of Ormonde. The castle was defended by Col. Butler in 1650 against the parliamentarian army, but after a stubborn resistance it was taken by Cols. Hewson and Reynolds. There are no vestiges of it now in existence, and the only relic of the abbey is a mutilated stone cross in a burial-ground on the south side of the river. It is said that the building was taken down in the reign of Queen Anne, to supply materials for the erection of a barrack on a site now occupied by the court-house. The town comprises two main streets and a few lanes, in which are 305 houses, mostly of inferior description : its outlets extend into the two adjoining parishes of Ardristan and Killerig. It obtained a patent for holding a market on Saturday and again for another on Tuesday : the market is now held on Saturday, and is the best corn market in the county. Fairs are held on April 21st, July 10th, Oct. 29th, and Nov. 21st. The extensive flour-mill of Messrs. Doyle and Pim grinds about 10,000 barrels of wheat annually : there are also in the town two breweries belonging to Mr. Carter and Mr. Roche. General sessions of the peace are held in the town in January, April, June, and October ; petty sessions are also held here : the business of both is transacted in a small court-house. The town is a chief constabulary police station.
The parish contains 5837 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act : about one-half of it is meadow and pasture, and the remainder under tillage, with the exception of a small portion of wood. Two of its townlands are locally situated in the adjoining county of Wicklow. The Derreen river flows along its south-eastern and southern boundaries, and at its southern extremity joins the Slaney near the church of Aghade, The principal seats are Newstown, the residence of R. Eustace, Esq. ; Rathglass, of Pilsworth Whelan, Esq. ; , of R. Doyne, Esq. ; Castlemore, the seat of the Eustace family ; Rathrush, a seat of Viscount Frankfort de Montmorency : and Ballynunnery, of - Swift, Esq. ; the residence of W. Carter, Esq., is in the town. The living is a rectory, in the diocese of Leighlin, and in the patronage of the Marquess of Ormonde : the tithes amount to £600. There is a glebe-house, with a glebe near the church ; the latter is a new building, erected in 1831 in the Gothic style. In the R. C. divisions the parish is the head of a union or district, comprising the parishes of Tullow and Tankardstown, and part of those of Ardristan, Pubbledrum, and Urglin, In the union there are three chapels ; that of Tullow is a spacious building with three galleries, to which has been lately added a very fine tower and spire. There is a monastery in the town, the friars of which, ten in number, superintend a classical school, and also a national school, to which the Board of National Education allows £20 per annum for an additional master. The ladies of a convent superintend two schools, one for the daughters of the gentry, the other a free school for the education of the poorer classes ; the latter of these also receives aid from the National Board. A number of orphan children are sent from Dublin to the monastery and convent schools for instruction. There is in the town a school for boys and girls, supported by subscriptions, and an infants' school, maintained by Chas. Doyne, Esq. There are also two private schools, in which are about 60 boys and 20 girls. Some distance south of the town are the ruins of Castle Grace, erected by one of the ancient family of Grace, descended from Raymond le Gros. The title of Viscount Tullowphelim was enjoyed successively by two branches of the Butler family, both of which have been many years extinct.
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