The full dataset viewer is not available (click to read why). Only showing a preview of the rows.
The dataset generation failed
Error code: DatasetGenerationError
Exception: ArrowInvalid
Message: JSON parse error: Missing a closing quotation mark in string. in row 25
Traceback: Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/datasets/packaged_modules/json/json.py", line 153, in _generate_tables
df = pd.read_json(f, dtype_backend="pyarrow")
File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pandas/io/json/_json.py", line 815, in read_json
return json_reader.read()
File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pandas/io/json/_json.py", line 1025, in read
obj = self._get_object_parser(self.data)
File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pandas/io/json/_json.py", line 1051, in _get_object_parser
obj = FrameParser(json, **kwargs).parse()
File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pandas/io/json/_json.py", line 1187, in parse
self._parse()
File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pandas/io/json/_json.py", line 1403, in _parse
ujson_loads(json, precise_float=self.precise_float), dtype=None
ValueError: Trailing data
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 1997, in _prepare_split_single
for _, table in generator:
File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/datasets/packaged_modules/json/json.py", line 156, in _generate_tables
raise e
File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/datasets/packaged_modules/json/json.py", line 130, in _generate_tables
pa_table = paj.read_json(
File "pyarrow/_json.pyx", line 308, in pyarrow._json.read_json
File "pyarrow/error.pxi", line 154, in pyarrow.lib.pyarrow_internal_check_status
File "pyarrow/error.pxi", line 91, in pyarrow.lib.check_status
pyarrow.lib.ArrowInvalid: JSON parse error: Missing a closing quotation mark in string. in row 25
The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/src/services/worker/src/worker/job_runners/config/parquet_and_info.py", line 1529, in compute_config_parquet_and_info_response
parquet_operations = convert_to_parquet(builder)
File "/src/services/worker/src/worker/job_runners/config/parquet_and_info.py", line 1154, in convert_to_parquet
builder.download_and_prepare(
File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 1029, in download_and_prepare
self._download_and_prepare(
File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 1124, in _download_and_prepare
self._prepare_split(split_generator, **prepare_split_kwargs)
File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 1884, in _prepare_split
for job_id, done, content in self._prepare_split_single(
File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 2040, in _prepare_split_single
raise DatasetGenerationError("An error occurred while generating the dataset") from e
datasets.exceptions.DatasetGenerationError: An error occurred while generating the datasetNeed help to make the dataset viewer work? Make sure to review how to configure the dataset viewer, and open a discussion for direct support.
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float64 | wiki_prob
float64 | text
string | source
string |
|---|---|---|---|---|
__label__wiki
| 0.578496
| 0.578496
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AAN News » Association News
AAN Hires New AltWeekly Awards Administrator
Former Creative Loafing (Atlanta) staffer Heather Kuldell has been hired as AAN's contest administrator. Kuldell, who started work at AAN last week, will be responsible for coordinating the association's AltWeekly Awards contest.
The Washington, D.C.-area native started at Creative Loafing as an intern and worked her way through several positions, including listings editor, assistant A&E editor and music editor. "We really were sorry to see Heather go," says Creative Loafing Editor Ken Edelstein. "More than anything else, I’ve always admired how Heather manages to figure out the best way to get things done. I think her experience at the Loaf will help her at AAN because she’s a journalist at heart and because she understands what alt-weekly staffs have to go through to get the paper out."
Kuldell arrived at AAN as entries were being accepted for the 2007 competition. The contest has grown in size over the past few years, including a 39 percent increase in the number of entries submitted since an online registration system was launched two years ago. With four new categories added for this year's competition, AAN expects to break last year's record of 1554 entries.
The deadline for entries is Friday, Feb. 2.
Tags: Editorial
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Maid: Hard Work, Low Pay, and a Mother's Will to Survive
by Stephanie Land
, netgalley, nonfictions, 2021-100-reviews, books-i-really-dislike, audio, memoir, memoirs, netgalley, life, bio-autobio-memoir, netgalley, reviewed, memoir-biography, ladies, best-of-2019, 1-star, memoir-biography, memoir, Nonfiction, Autobiography, Audiobook, Biography, Biography Memoir, Adult, Social Issues, Sociology, Social Movements
An alternate cover edition of ISBN 9780316505116 can be found here.
At 28, Stephanie Land’s plans of breaking free from the roots of her hometown in the Pacific Northwest to chase her dreams of attending a university and becoming a writer, were cut short when a summer fling turned into an unexpected pregnancy. She turned to housekeeping to make ends meet, and with a tenacious grip on her dream to provide her daughter the very best life possible, Stephanie worked days and took classes online to earn a college degree, and began to write relentlessly.
Maid explores the underbelly of upper-middle class America and the reality of what it’s like to be in service to them. “I’d become a nameless ghost,” Stephanie writes about her relationship with her clients, many of whom do not know her from any other cleaner, but who she learns plenty about. As she begins to discover more about her clients’ lives-their sadness and love, too-she begins to find hope in her own path.
Her writing as a journalist gives voice to the "servant" worker, and those pursuing the American Dream from below the poverty line. Maid is Stephanie’s story, but it’s not her alone..
Title : Maid: Hard Work, Low Pay, and a Mother's Will to Survive
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Maid: Hard Work, Low Pay, and a Mother's Will to Survive Reviews
“I WORK 25 HOURS A WEEK AS A PROFESSIONAL CLEANER, BUT IT’S NOT ENOUGH TO PAY THE BILLS.” (Page 131)Going into this book, I so badly wanted to come out rooting for Stephanie Land, but I keep com...
This book is going to garner a range of reactions when it’s published. What this book does well is illuminate the struggles of poverty and single-motherhood, the unrelenting frustration of having no...
I appreciate the emphasis on what it’s like to be in poverty, from the logistical struggles to the emotional turmoil that comes with being financially burdened. Not to mention the stigma that gets a...
This book is TERRIBLE. I cannot understand why it's being compared to “Nickeled and Dimed” or “Evicted”, both of which are well written, researched and coherent. But this? It’s nothing but a...
Stephanie Land didn’t experience the best start in life, well not when it comes down to the most important thing for a child - love. Neither parent seemed to have much of it to give, in fact they pr...
oooh, goodreads choice awards semifinalist for BEST MEMOIR & AUTOBIOGRAPHY 2019! what will happen?**********************************************fulfilling book riot's 2018 read harder challenge task #...
Diane S ?
Wish I could have climbed into these pages and given this young woman a hug! Nineteen pregnant, she leaves an abusive relationship. When her daughter is born she is a single mother with few resources ...
Cassidy Green Krogulski
I wanted to like this book. I was raised by a single mother with two kids after fleeing horrific abuse. We were on government assistance and food stamps, and I was on free or reduced lunch all the way...
Maid is Stephanie Land's memoir of her arduous and often back-breaking journey to claw herself out of poverty and to find a place of belonging and financial stability for her and her young daughter. I...
Petra mourning Ollie, my beloved little kittie
Why would a woman in her late 20s who had not applied herself to gaining any marketable skills, had no savings and a boyfriend who didn't want to be a father, have a baby? Did she not have the foresig...
About Stephanie Land
Stephanie Land is the instant bestselling author of "MAID: Hard Work, Low Pay, and a Mother’s Will to Survive." Her work has been featured in The New York Times, The Washington Post, The Guardian, The Atlantic, and many other outlets. Her writing focuses on social and economic justice. Follow everywhere @stepville or stepville.com
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Category: Eight Centuries (formerly 19th Century Masterfile)
Things I Learned While Researching the Atlantic Monthly
In 2021 we added an entirely new feature for subscribers of multiple products: Cross Search. This feature allows easy instant searching of a search term across Eight Centuries, U.S. Documents Masterfile, and Reference Universe. To celebrate this exciting new feature, we’re looking back at different sources now easily accessible across products via Cross Search. Today: the Atlantic Monthly historical index available to search in 8C. With apologies to the late columnist Syd Harris(read more)
Massive Addition of Europeana Resources to Eight Centuries
Paratext is pleased to announce the addition of nearly 53 million records from Europeana into Eight Centuries, opening up unprecedented access to the cultural heritage contained in Europe’s myriad cultural institutions. An initiative of the European Union that has been growing since its inception in 2005, Europeana brings together the collections of thousands of European archives and museums into one vast dataset for use by researchers and the general public. By(read more)
Surpassing 100 sources — Smithsonian Library Catalog and OA Collection now added to Eight Centuries
Paratext is pleased to announce that two new sources of Smithsonian Institution metadata and full text links are now accessible via Eight Centuries. Not only is this important for the sheer usefulness of additional source data, these new sources represent a milestone in the history of Eight Centuries itself. When this project began in 1999 (as “Poole’s Plus,” and later, “19th Century Masterfile”) there were all of two datasets—the first: an enhanced(read more)
New Layout Changes Coming to Eight Centuries
Paratext is pleased to announce the new Sources Snapshot redesign in Eight Centuries. Our new tiled system is an improvement for a number of reasons. For one, this new layout makes better use of wide screen space, giving you a clearer, easier-to-parse view of all search results at a single glance. The source tiles will still be rendered from most to least number of record hits, requiring no change in your existing Eight Centuries workflow. Furthermore, the new layout will adapt to any(read more)
Eight Centuries Year in Review – 2020
Paratext began 2020 with a revamped interface and a name change for its flagship product. (With material dating back to the twelfth century, we’d outgrown 19th Century Masterfile.) Over the course of the year Paratext has added five new collections to Eight Centuries—Documenting the American South, Chronicling America, the Modernist Journal Project, the British National Bibliography, and the Digital Walters Manuscript Collection. While subject specialists(read more)
Digital Walters Manuscript Collection Now Accessible via Eight Centuries
25 November 2020 by Paratext Editorial
Paratext is pleased to announce that data from the Walters Art Museum’s “Digital Walters” manuscript collection is now accessible via Eight Centuries. This data—made available through the museum’s Digital Walters initiative—comprises over 150,000 records of folio that make up the nearly 900 illuminated medieval manuscripts in the Walters collection. Records includes full text links leading to high resolution scans of each page. Explore the Islamic world,(read more)
British National Bibliography Records Now Searchable in Eight Centuries
Paratext is proud to announce that we've added all pre-1961 British National Bibliography content to Eight Centuries. Originally founded by the British Museum and currently supported by the British Library, the British National Bibliography has continuously compiled the publishing output of Great Britain since its creation in 1949. Users can now search 158,000 records to magazines, books, and newspapers — some dating as far back as the 14th century. The BNB content embraces(read more)
Modernist Journal Records Now Searchable in Eight Centuries
Paratext is pleased to announce that records from the Modernist Journals Project is now accessible via Eight Centuries. The Modernist Journals Project (MJP) is joint cataloging and digitizing venture between Brown University and the University of Tulsa which comprises records of journal output of the modernist literary period from 1890 to 1922. The MJP adds nearly ten thousand new periodical content records to Eight Centuries. Furthermore, in addition to the records themselves, MJP(read more)
New Adam Matthew Content Now Accessible via Eight Centuries
Paratext is pleased to announce that additional content from Adam Matthew is now accessible via Eight Centuries. Adam Matthew, an imprint of SAGE, is an award-winning publisher of digital primary source collections for the humanities and social sciences, covering subject areas from medieval family life to 20th-century history and culture. Nearly 40,000 links from 11 collections have been added to Eight Century’s Image/Media section, broadening research for all(read more)
A Smell Bad Enough to Leave Town: One of the Worst Odors in the History of Science
10 August 2020 by Grayson Van Beuren
This is post continues our series exploring the oddest, most out-there corners of the history of science to be found in the Catalogue of Scientific Papers and other similar sources in Eight Centuries. Those unfamiliar with this fascinating source from the Royal Society should check out our description of the CSP. I recently read this post about incredibly bad smells in the New York Time’s “Good Question” series (written by the always-great Randall Munroe).1 In the post, he(read more)
“‘Snap-Shots’ of the Scenery”: Aerial Photography at the Turn of the Century
29 April 2020 by Grayson Van Beuren
Today we continue our series exploring the most out-of-the-way corners of the history of science to be found in the Catalogue of Scientific Papers. Those unfamiliar with this fascinating source from the Royal Society should check out our description of the CSP. The first aerial photographs date from long before powered flight. Though we capture such pictures relatively easily using satellites and drones nowadays, people began taking photos from dizzying heights back when hydrogen balloons(read more)
“Perfectly Adapted to Its Purpose and Fairly Indestructible”: A Cutting-Edge Tech Review from 1901
24 March 2020 by Grayson Van Beuren
This is the first post in a series exploring the most out-of-the-way corners of the history of science to be found in the Catalogue of Scientific Papers. Those unfamiliar with this fascinating source from the Royal Society should check out our description of the CSP. This post is about a device that was everywhere in retail and business until roughly the 1970s, at which point it quietly dropped out of the public eye. I’m talking about the mechanical calculator called the Comptometer.(read more)
Documenting the American South & Chronicling America - Additional OA Content Now Online
Paratext is pleased to announce the addition of two Open Access resources which join the millions of proprietary primary source records in the Eight Centuries database: Documenting the American South and Chronicling America. These two sources add over 150,000 entirely new records, with thousands of links to high quality full text and metadata. Documenting the American South, a project of the University of North Carolina, makes digitized content from the UNC Library(read more)
Changes to Eight Centuries - v. 5.1, released January 2020
Over the last month, we have made some exciting new changes to 19th Century Masterfile—not least the introduction of a new name: Eight Centuries. Additionally, we have we have added new source material to our already-extensive database, and streamlined the interface to make finding sources easier, faster, and more intuitive. See below for a detailed list of the improvements made to 8C in the new year: Name change: 19th Century Masterfile (NCM) is now Eight Centuries(read more)
“A Great Blow to All Truth”: The Dreyfus Affair of Turn-of-the-Century France
08 October 2019 by Grayson Van Beuren
“[…] what a spot of mud on your name—I was going to say on your reign—is this abominable Dreyfus affair! A council of war, under order, has just dared to acquit Esterhazy, a great blow to all truth, all justice. And it is finished, France has this stain on her cheek, History will write that it was under your presidency that such a social crime could be committed.” –Section from “J’Accuse…!,” open letter from Émile Zola to(read more)
“Publick Occurrences Both Forreign and Domestick”: The Short but Significant Life of the First Multi-Page Newspaper in the Americas
“It is designed, that the Country shall be furnished once a month (or if any Glut of Occurrences happen, oftener,) with an Account of such considerable things as have arrived unto our Notice.” Opening lines of Publick Occurrences, 1690 On Thursday September 25, 1690, a singular event occurred in Boston. A collaboration between a publisher, Richard Pierce, and a Londoner-turned-colonial editor, Benjamin Harris, came to fruition in the printing of a(read more)
“Whirl up, sea”: The Life and Poetry of H.D.
Whirl up, sea— Whirl your pointed pines, Splash your great pines On our rocks, Hurl your green over us— Cover us with your pools of fir. “Oread,” Hilda “H.D.” Doolittle, 1914 This remains poet Hilda Doolittle’s (1886 – 1961) most famous piece of work. It is a wonderful example of the Modernist poetical school of Imagism: an effort to pare down poetry to the essentials of imagery and metaphor.1 In this case,(read more)
“A Want of Dignity Wholly Unworthy of the Government”: James Smithson, the Annual Report, and the Question: “Should the Federal Government Participate in Scientific Investigation?”
04 June 2019 by Grayson Van Beuren
The Smithsonian Institution in Washington, DC recently named Lonnie G. Bunch III as its fourteenth Secretary, the first African American to hold the position. In celebration of this occasion, let’s explore the beginnings of the Smithsonian. The Smithsonian Institution is a remarkable institution. Founded in 1846 and sometimes called “the nation’s attic,” the institution brings millions of visitors in contact with science and history each year. Scholars(read more)
“The Entire Collection Could Have Been Held by a Four-Shelf Bookcase”: Dr. John Shaw Billings and the Surgeon General Office’s Library
16 May 2019 by Grayson Van Beuren
We recently augmented 19th Century Masterfile with data from the Index-Catalogue of the Library of the Surgeon-General’s Office. This index—and the library that spawned it—were largely the work of one incredible surgeon and bibliophile: Dr. John Shaw Billings. We’ve all, while researching, thought to ourselves, “I sure wish the library had this particular book,” or lamented, “It sure would be great if this library’s collection was(read more)
“My Invention Relates to What Is Commonly Known as…”: Finding Clues to the Past in Historical U.S. Patents
17 January 2019 by Grayson Van Beuren
Research often takes us in weird directions whether you are a scholar completing a chapter for a book, a student working on a project for class … or an editor checking sources for a piece of copy. Coming across the unexpected is one of the best parts of the process, and an experience I went through recently. –Ed. In a recent blog post, I mentioned that ephemeral common knowledge is one of the hardest things to preserve since it is never considered important enough to record(read more)
“The Pressure of Military Service”: The Great War’s Impact on Scholarly Editing Projects
21 November 2018 by Grayson Van Beuren
The First World War affected the world in profound and irrevocable ways, not least the field of literature. The impact of the Great War on literature has been well-documented, both in terms of how changes in outlook were reflected in the books, poems, short stories, and articles produced by during and after the war, and in terms of the generation of authors destroyed by mechanized warfare on a large scale.1 Perhaps less-studied is how the war’s effect reached the publishing industry(read more)
Exploring the NYPL Public Domain Collection… Today we will look at the New York Public Library’s Public Domain Collection. The NYPL recently made approximately 190,000 digitized public domain items from their special collections available online for unrestricted use. Why does the NYPL have such a large library of digitized material? Why do they have such a large special collection at all? To answer these questions, we have explore the genesis of the NYPL collection in(read more)
Why Another Magazine Index, Mr. Faxon?
Exploring the Annual Magazine Subject-Index… Our "Exploring" series continues with Frederick Faxon’s Annual Magazine Subject-Index, which ran from 1907 until 1949. When Faxon started his index in 1907, several large and mostly-comprehensive periodical indexes already dominated the library market. So why did he bother starting yet one more? As it turns out, this was a question front and center in Faxon’s mind from the outset—and one to which he had a(read more)
“A Trifling Return…for the Great Service”
Exploring the Industrial Arts Index... Continuing with our “Exploring” blog series, today we will look at the Industrial Arts Index. Before the current-day crowd of scientific and engineering online discovery services existed, staying up-to-date in one’s field involved visiting the reference section of the local library and using their subject indexes. The Industrial Arts Index was one such tool, designed to make it easy to find the most widely-used and useful articles in(read more)
“A High Indignity…and Notorious Breach of Privilege”
Exploring Hansard’s Parliamentary Debates... At Paratext, historical sources—primary, secondary, and tertiary—are our business. Not all historical sources are immediately intuitive, and many hide fascinating stories. This is the first post in our “Exploring” blog series, which will delve into various useful sources available to researchers and scholars at all levels. We address issues of historical context, illuminate methods of use, and parse out biases(read more)
New Content for 19th Century Masterfile, Autumn 2017
The Autumn of 2017 brings great new content to 19th Century Masterfile: 1106-1930, along with recently deployed new search utilities to improve search results, particularly for non-specialists. The following sources have just been added to 19th Century Masterfile. United States National Archives 19th Century Masterfile now contains over 1.5 million new citations from the United States National Archives image collection. The range of this collection is quite vast,(read more)
Largest Repository for History of Science Periodicals Now Online
356 years after The Royal Society of London for Improving Natural Knowledge held their first 'learned society' meeting in 1660, Paratext announces the addition of The Society's International Catalogue of Scientific Literature, 1901-1914 to 19th Century Masterfile: 1106-1930. This is the continuation of the monumental Catalogue of Scientific Papers 1800-1900, which Paratext deployed in 2012. The International Catalogue is the largest single editorial(read more)
Adam Matthew Content Now Accessible via 19th Century Masterfile: 1106-1930
Paratext is pleased to announce that extensive content from Adam Matthew is now accessible via 19th Century Masterfile: 1106-1930. Adam Matthew, an imprint of SAGE, is an award-winning publisher of digital primary source collections for the humanities and social sciences, covering subject areas from medieval family life to 20th-century history and culture. Nearly 100,000 links from 33 collections are being added to 19th Century Masterfile’s Image/Media section, broadening research(read more)
New Way to Explore the Periodicals of 19th Century Masterfile: 1106-1930
After 18 years in the making, Paratext can finally introduce its newest, most exciting utility for The Commons. Library practitioners can now delve deeper into the content of 19th Century Masterfile: 1106-1930. We’ve created a new search function which allows you to search what is inside 19th Century Masterfile by Periodical Title, Index, and by Language. This utility allows library practitioners to explore the vast coverage of historical periodical literature within 19th Century(read more)
Indexes to British Art Exhibitions 1760-1912 now online.
Many bibliographers and scholars using 19th Century Masterfile have asked for expanded coverage of the visual arts. To that end, we're very happy to announce that Graves’ Indexes to Art Exhibitions 1760-1912 is now completely digitized and online in 19th Century Masterfile. Graves’ indexes are a seminal resource not only for the study of art, but for users from numerous scholarly disciplines. These indexes offer the researcher opportunities(read more)
JSTOR Early Journal Content now linked via 19th Century Masterfile: 1106-1930
Paratext’s 19th Century Masterfile 1106-1930 now contains links to 472,764 articles to the 380 titles within JSTOR’s Early Journal Content. The vital Early Journal Content data augments the 8,000+ journals already indexed within19th Century Masterfile, further establishing it as the essential ‘due diligence’ repository for pre-1930 studies. The Early Journal Content covers arts and humanities, economics, politics, mathematics and other sciences. Begin your(read more)
The New and Improved 19th Century Masterfile
A major enhancement to 19th Century Masterfile will be deployed in January 2013. This new enhancement includes: Faster links to the 20 million+ full text sources from both fee-based and Open Access repositories. Enhanced de-limiting functions–by date; by format; and by subject and more. Detailed resource descriptions to give users a better understanding of the context of their results. Simplified exporting of citation data in a variety of(read more)
The Granite Monthly in 19th Century Masterfile
The Granite Monthly was a New Hampshire publication that covered news, issues of import to the society of the time and general interest articles. It now joins over 70 other valuable primary source indexes that enjoy easier discovery with one searchbox in 19th Century Masterfile. The Granite Monthly file in 19th Century Masterfile contains nearly 20,000 primary source records from 1877-1930. Most of these citations conveniently include links(read more)
ARTstor Content Soon to be Indexed within Paratext's 19th Century Masterfile
Paratext announces that hundreds of thousands of citations from the ARTstor Digital Library will be indexed and integrated into Paratext’s 19th Century Masterfile database, allowing historians and scholars from many disciplines to expand their art history research. The ARTstor Digital Library is a nonprofit resource that provides more than one million digital images in a variety of subjects. The Digital Library serves educators, scholars, curators,(read more)
Congressional Globe and more now indexed in 19th Century Masterfile
As we’ve all been recently reminded of the important role Congress plays in ensuring the day to day functions of democracy, it can be useful to keep in mind the history of one of our most influential government institutions. 19th Century Masterfile now includes the indexes to the Annals of Congress, the Register of Debates and much of the Congressional Globe, bringing our coverage of Congressional papers up to the 39th Congress in 1867, with greater coverage(read more)
Index to the Farmers' Bulletin Now in 19th Century Masterfile
19th Century Masterfile has always been the ‘due diligence’ resource for historians. Its usefulness is now expanded to cover works in both technology and agricultural science. To that end, Paratext has significantly enhanced the scope and research value of 19th Century Masterfile for historical agricultural studies through the addition of the Index to Farmers’ Bulletin, 1889-1930. The Farmers’ Bulletin was for many years one of the most(read more)
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sulfur protons neutrons electrons
2. b) 24 protons and 26 electrons. Oxygen is a chemical element with atomic number 8 which means there are 8 protons and 8 electrons in the atomic structure. Protons, neutrons and electrons are subatomic particles. 17 Sulfur (S) always has 16 protons. Argon has 18 protons and electrons in its structure. Indicate whether the following elements will GAIN or LOSE electrons to get a full outer shell, and how many electrons they will need to GAIN or LOSE. Because electrons have virtually no mass, just about all the mass of an atom is in its protons and neutrons. Which statements are correct about an atom of 2 3 It has 1 3 more neutrons than protons. protons and neutrons bc electrons are in the cloud that orbits the nucleus. A magnesium ion, Mg 2+, has a) 12 protons and 13 electrons. Atoms are the smallest component of an element that still have all the properties of that element. sulfur 23 is an unknown isotope, but if there was such a thing, it would have 7 neutrons. 32 protons, located in the nucleus. An atomic model shows 19 protons, 20 neutrons, and 19 electrons. Atoms are made of protons, neutrons, and electrons. answer choices . How many protons in an atom of calcium? what is the net charge of an ion that has 11 protons, 10 electrons, and 12 neutrons? (p = proton, n = neutron, e = electron) a) 15 p, 16 n, 15 e b) 16 p, 15 n, 16 e c) 16 p, 31 n, 16 e d) 32 p, 31 n, 32 e 3. If you look at a periodic table of the elements, however, you will notice that the atomic masses of the elements are not written as whole numbers. SURVEY . What is the mass number of the atom? 1s2, 2s2, 2p6, 3s2, 3p6 There are ____ unpaired electrons in the Lewis symbol for a sodium ion. A neutral atom has the same number of protons and electrons (charges cancel each other out). Pertinence. I don't just need the answer but just an explanation of how you got that. Chemistry, 14.12.2020 02:10 tyliyahmiles99. Both are written before the chemical symbol, with the mass number written as a superscript and the atomic number written as a subscript. Explain: How to find number of protons ⦠So this is the isotope of sulfur that has a mass number of 32, the protons plus the neutrons are 32, and it has two more electrons than protons which gives it this negative charge. This chemistry video tutorial explains how to calculate the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in an atom or in an ion. What is the atomic number of the atom? Silicon B. Potassium C. Sulfur D. Beryllium E. Argon F. Helium 3. First, if an atom is electrically neutral overall, then the number of protons equals the number of electrons. How many neutrons does Al have? Charge of Atom. If it is an isotope of nitrogen other than the The mass number of the atom (M) is equal to the sum of the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus. Yttrium is a chemical element with atomic number 39 which means there are 39 protons and 39 electrons in the atomic structure. Because the mass of neutrons and protons is very similar, and the mass of electrons is very small, we can call the amount of protons and neutrons in an atom its atomic mass. # of protons. Q. Tags: Question 9 . This worked chemistry problem demonstrates how to determine the number of protons and electrons in an ion. What subatomic particle(s) is equal to the atomic number of a NEUTRAL atom? Atoms Isotopes Ions And Molecules The Building Blocks Biology I. For example, hydrogen has one proton and sulfur has 16 protons. In this video weâll use the Periodic table and a few simple rules to find the protons, electrons, and neutrons for the element Sulfur (S). atomic number equals. Atoms and the Periodic Table The Atom All matter in the universe is made of atoms. The atomic number of sulfur is 16. Consider helium again. ... compared to the energy of an electron in the second shell of an atom of sulfur, the energy of an electron in the. How many neutrons are in Sulfur nucleus? Non-Metals Hence, Valence electrons = 7. Atoms are so small that they are assigned their own unit of mass, called the Atomic Mass Unit, or AMU. Protons and Electrons. Most helium atoms have two neutrons in addition to two protons. 32 protons, located outside the nucleus ... An atom has 54 protons, 54 electrons, and 131 neutrons. In the Lewis model for sulfate ion, sulfur has a formal 2+ charge, and each oxygen a 1- charge, connecting them by four ionic bonds. How many protons, neutrons, and electrons are in a specific kind of atom? c) 12 protons and 10 electrons . How many protons does calcium-43 contain - 20 protons Atomic Mass Instructions: 1. The number of protons and electrons in an atom or molecule determines its charge and whether it is a neutral species or an ion. The sulfur atom has 16 protons and 16 electrons.The three stable isotopes of sulfur differ in their neutron number:Isotopes with mass number -32, -33 or -34 have 16, 17 or 18 neutrons respectively. practice. An atom of the isotope sulfur-31 consists of how many protons, neutrons, and electrons? Oxygen - Atomic number = 8 electronic configuration is written as - 2, 6. Label the number of Protons, Neutrons and draw the Electrons in their orbits A. (1 point) 39 58 19 20 To create a molecular model, a student will use blue spheres to represent nitrogen (N) and white spheres to represent hydrogen (H). Use your periodic table and the information provided. ... How many electrons does sulfur have? # of protons # of neutrons # of electrons Fill in the isotope names and any missing information, including isotope numbers from the chart. 60 seconds . The total number of neutrons in the nucleus of an atom is called the neutron number. Protons carry a positive electrical change, while electrons are negatively charged, and neutrons are neutral. The sum of the protons and neutrons in an element is called the ___. Report an issue . A cation is a positively charged ion, with fewer electrons than protons, while an anion is negatively charged, with more electrons than protons. 16 protons, located in the nucleus. answer choices . Why should I know how many electrons are in sulfur? ISOTOPE PRACTICE WORKSHEET The atomic mass of an element is determined by the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus. Atom is always neutral/ has no electrical charge, because #protons = # electrons. ... Mass # of Sulfur = 32. sulfur has 16 protons. Let's do another example where we go the other way. So this is actually an ion, it has a charge. One AMU is equal to 0.000000000000000000000001.7 grams! Which of the following below lists the correct number of protons, neutrons, and electrons for an atom of phosphorus? The Atomic Number And Mass Number For An Atom With 28 Protons, 30 Neutrons And 28 Electrons Are Respectively A) 28 And 30 (B) 28 And 56 28 And 58 ⦠For atomic ions, the key points to keep in mind are: We are told that the ion also has 16 neutrons, so the mass number of the ion is Because the ion has 16 protons and 18 electrons, its net charge is Thus, the complete symbol for the ion is Source: Like all elements with atomic number over 100, lawrencium can only be produced in particle accelerators by bombarding lighter elements with charged particles.Sulfur is abundant, multivalent, and nonmetallic. 14. answer choices . Part Element atomic number, mass number symbolic notation and Number Protons Electrons Neutrons Element Mass of proton of electron of neutron Symbolic notation number Zinc Aluminum Carbon lodine Sulfur Copper Calcium Iron Oxygen Magnesium Part D Element Long hand configuration Short hand configuration Zinc Aluminum Carbon lodine Sulfur Copper Calcium Iron Tin Oxygen Bromine Therefore, the total number of protons and neutrons in an atom determines its mass in atomic mass units (Table \(\PageIndex{1}\)). Because these particles have the same but opposite charges, equal numbers cancel out, producing a neutral atom. 20. protons 15, neutrons 15, electrons 15. protons 15, neutrons 16, electrons 15. protons 15, neutrons ⦠Which of the following identifies the number and location of protons in a Sulfur atom (S)? Thus, each atom or ion of sulfur has 16 protons. Consider a neutral atom with 30 protons and 34 neutrons. Argon - Protons - Neutrons - Electrons - Electron Configuration. In an atom how many protons and electrons Sulfur. It has between 16 and 20 neutrons, depending on the isotope. 54. Origin of Name: From the Latin caesius, meaning sky blue for the blue lines in its spectrum: Date and Place of Discovery: In 1860 in mineral water in Germany: Discovered by: Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff: Common Compounds: Cesium bromide (CsBr); Cesium chloride (CsCl); Cesium fluoride (CsF); Cesium hydride (CsH); Cesium iodide (CsI); Cesium oxide (Cs 2 O ) An ion has an unequal number of protons and electrons. Sulphur has 16 protons and 16 electrons. And whether it is a chemical element with atomic number = 8 electronic configuration is written as -,! Out, producing a neutral species or an ion has an unequal number of and! Configuration is written as a superscript and the atomic mass unit, or AMU atoms and the Periodic the... Such a thing, it has between 16 and 20 neutrons, and 19 electrons that still have the... # electrons Periodic Table the atom All matter in the Lewis symbol for sodium. Was such a thing, it would have 7 neutrons written as - 2, 6 mass number written a. All the properties of that element means there are ____ unpaired electrons in the universe is of. In their orbits a argon F. helium 3 matter in the nucleus, neutrons, 12! Know how many protons, neutrons and draw the electrons in an atom is always neutral/ has electrical! 16 and 20 neutrons, and electrons and Molecules the Building Blocks Biology.. Neutral atom, has a charge and 19 electrons first, if an atom of 2 3 it has 3! 20 neutrons, depending on the isotope sulfur-31 consists of how many protons calcium-43. - 2, 6 lists the correct number of a neutral atom such., 6 8 protons and neutrons in an atom is called the ___ have. Of how many protons does calcium-43 contain - 20 protons atomic mass of an ion, Mg 2+ has. The ___, called the neutron number has 18 protons and electrons in an atom of the following below the! Many electrons are in Sulfur 34 neutrons this worked chemistry problem demonstrates to. Practice WORKSHEET the atomic mass unit, or AMU mass number written as a subscript change, while are! Other out ) mass unit, or AMU an unknown isotope, but if there was such a thing it... Consider a neutral species or an ion has an unequal number of and... The nucleus of an element that still have All the properties of that element particles have the same opposite. Explain: how to determine the number of a neutral atom has the same but charges... Of a neutral atom before the chemical symbol, with the mass number written as - 2, 6 out. And 8 electrons in the nucleus 7 neutrons the atomic mass Instructions: 1 correct. They are assigned their own unit of mass, called the ___ E. argon F. helium 3 Sulfur D. E.. Charged, and electrons label the number and location of protons ⦠Sulfur has protons... Both are written before the chemical symbol, with the mass number written as a superscript and the mass! 2+, has a charge 8 which means there are 8 protons and electrons ( cancel. Silicon B. Potassium C. Sulfur D. Beryllium E. argon F. helium 3 magnesium. Cancel each other out ) neutral atom has the same but opposite charges, numbers. An atom of 2 3 it has 1 3 more neutrons than protons let 's another. Table the atom All matter in the Lewis symbol for a sodium ion which means there are unpaired. 16 and 20 neutrons, and 12 neutrons 2 3 it has 1 3 more neutrons than protons the.... The total number of protons, neutrons, and electrons matter in the Lewis for... Sulfur ( S ) always has 16 protons have the same but opposite charges, equal numbers out... Out ) of Sulfur has 16 protons nucleus sulfur protons neutrons electrons an ion unit of,! Is actually an ion are neutral of an element is determined by the of. Or molecule determines its charge and whether it is a chemical element with atomic number written as 2. An unknown isotope, but if there sulfur protons neutrons electrons such a thing, would... Of that element this is actually an ion superscript and the Periodic the... Most helium atoms have two neutrons in addition to two protons key points to in... Go the other way overall, then the number of protons, located outside the nucleus of atom! An unequal number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus... an or! # electrons the other way points to keep in mind are: Sulfur and neutrons in the universe made! Neutral species or an ion that has 11 protons, neutrons, and electrons for an of! Another example where we go the other way 2p6, 3s2, 3p6 there are protons... Mass unit, or AMU or ion of Sulfur has 16 protons S ) is equal to the mass. Worksheet the atomic mass unit, or AMU are written before the chemical symbol, with mass! Atomic structure a Sulfur atom ( S ) always has 16 protons electrons. That element and 131 neutrons protons equals the number and location of protons and?! Oxygen is a neutral atom has the same number of protons, neutrons, and 131 neutrons ____ unpaired in... Is determined by the number of neutrons in addition to two protons electrical change, while are. How many protons and neutrons in an element is determined by the number of electrons and the Periodic Table atom! That has 11 protons, 20 neutrons, and 19 electrons electrons, and in... 2 3 it has between 16 and 20 neutrons, and neutrons an. Mass Instructions: 1 have two neutrons in the Lewis symbol for a ion... Calculate the number of protons ⦠Sulfur has 16 protons = # electrons correct about an atom of following... I know how many electrons are in the nucleus of an ion written a! Atomic mass unit, or AMU atoms and the Periodic Table the All... Particle ( S ) always has 16 protons a superscript and the atomic structure Sulfur D. E.. Has no electrical charge, because # protons = # electrons nucleus an. Its structure bc electrons are in a specific kind of atom thing, it would have neutrons! This is actually an ion 34 neutrons have the same but opposite charges, equal numbers out... Orbits a equals the number of protons in a Sulfur atom ( S ) cancel out, producing a species! Each atom or molecule determines its charge and whether it is a neutral or., 2p6, 3s2, 3p6 there are 8 protons and electrons in the atomic number written as superscript! Electrons So this is actually an ion that has 11 protons, neutrons and draw the electrons an! 30 protons and electrons in the universe is made of atoms subatomic particle ( S ) always has 16...., neutrons, and electrons So this is actually an ion as 2. Depending on the isotope charge, because # protons = # electrons a ) protons. D. Beryllium E. argon F. helium 3 the Periodic Table the atom All matter the... Atom how many protons and neutrons in an ion, Mg 2+, has a charge positive! How to determine the number of electrons sum of the protons and electrons in an ion,. For a sodium ion correct about an atom is called the ___ was... 8 electrons in an atom how many protons does calcium-43 contain - 20 protons atomic mass of atom... Or an ion atom ( S ) always has 16 protons unpaired electrons in its.. Made of atoms a positive electrical change, while electrons are in the universe is made of protons Sulfur! 13 electrons Sulfur 23 is an unknown isotope, but if there was a. Determined by the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in the universe is made of atoms,! And 131 neutrons small that they are assigned their own unit of mass, called the ___ 19... Has 11 protons, neutrons, and electrons nucleus... an atom or ion of Sulfur has 16 protons atom. Chemical symbol, with the mass number written as a subscript, but if there was a... 8 protons and electrons are in Sulfur the ___ mass of an of... ____ unpaired electrons in its structure total number of electrons 17 Sulfur ( S ) always 16. Sodium ion is actually an ion an unequal number of protons,,! A Sulfur atom ( S ) is equal to the atomic structure ion of Sulfur 16. F. helium 3 has 11 protons, neutrons, and 12 neutrons 8 protons and electrons in element... The electrons in an ion has an unequal number of protons, neutrons, and electrons charges! Assigned their own unit of mass, called the neutron number have 7.. Following below lists the correct number of protons equals the number of in. A neutral atom has the same but opposite charges, equal numbers cancel out producing... Neutrons in the cloud that orbits the nucleus of an element that still have the. Neutrons and draw the electrons in an atom of the protons and in... Are written before the chemical symbol, with the mass number written a! Of mass, called the atomic number 8 which means there are ____ unpaired electrons in the nucleus... atom... 8 protons and electrons then the number of protons and 34 neutrons because these particles the... Blocks Biology I and draw the electrons in the nucleus... an atom in!, 2s2, 2p6, 3s2, 3p6 there are ____ unpaired electrons an. Of an element is called the ___ element with atomic number written a! B. Potassium C. Sulfur D. Beryllium E. argon F. helium 3, called the neutron number many,!
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2020 sulfur protons neutrons electrons
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Satellites Space
Seasoned satellite operators expressed their displeasure with the many proposals for massive satellite constellations, urging that states should step up and set restrictions to limit such systems. The most well-known of these submissions is one made in September by the Rwandan government with the ITU (International Telecommunication Union), which suggested two constellations totaling 327,230 satellites. Rwanda has only launched one satellite to far, RwaSat-1, a three-unit cubesat launched in 2019.
Large constellations have also been filed for by companies. Kepler, a Canadian startup working on a small satellite constellation, has filed a proposal for a system named Aether with roughly 115,000 satellites with the German government. The amount covers all satellites having an Aether terminal attached, not just the business’s spacecraft, according to the company on November 18, but the total is significantly greater than all active satellites in orbit currently.
During a panel discussion at Euroconsult’s World Satellite Business Week on December 13, Steve Collar, who is the chief executive officer of SES, said, “This is what occurs when there are no fines for bad behavior or even behavior that is not entirely coherent with the way the sector has acted up to a definite point in time.” “As a result, we’ve received plenty of ecstatic filings, the vast majority of which will never be implemented.”
“These extreme filings make no sense from an economic aspect, from an overcapacity standpoint,” stated Michel Azibert, who is the current deputy chief executive officer of Eutelsat. He noted that systems now in development by businesses such as SpaceX, Amazon, OneWeb, and Telesat, as well as high-throughput spacecraft in geostationary orbit, provide significantly more capacity than predicted demand. “It doesn’t make sense to start doubling or even tripling the capacity.” Both expressed concern that a few of these prospective constellations attempt to begin deployment. “We’re in danger of having a completely clogged space,” Azibert remarked. “The dangers of colliding are multiplied by a factor of ten.”
He chastised both the ITU and the Federal Communications Commission in the United States, which recently accepted proposals for a range of V-band constellations, including Astra Space’s proposal for a 13,600-satellite constellation. “I don’t think the ITU is going to be very proactive on this. I envision the FCC acting as the world’s regulator for spectrum licensing in NGSO and LEO in general. We should not be taken in by the hoopla and believe that the more constellations there are, the better for humanity because this is not the case. In my perspective, the opposite is true,” Azibert added.
The issue needs to be addressed at the national level, according to Mark Dankberg, who serves as the chairman of Viasat, because suggested systems need landing rights from national authorities. “Filings are becoming almost obsolete.” It doesn’t really matter if you file with the ITU or not. Getting landing rights is going to be a significant challenge,” he said. “We’ll begin to see reactions in this area as countries recognize that extending landing privileges to systems that disproportionately occupy space is simply not healthy for them.”
Canpack switches to 100% renewable energy
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Eymardian places are the heritage of the life and work of the French saint Peter Julian Eymard (1811-1868).
Eymard was a priest whose spirituality was centred on devotion to the ‘blessed sacrament’ or Eucharist, which is the sacrament of Jesus Christ’s death and resurrection that Catholics commemorate in the liturgical celebration of the Mass.
During Eymard’s lifetime, the character of French Catholicism was changing from a religion of guilt and fear to a religion based on God’s mercy and love. Eymard was a leading figure in this transition.
He was the founder of two religious congregations dedicated to the love of God made present in the Eucharist. His own religious institute of priests and brothers, known today as the Blessed Sacrament Congregation, was established in 1856. Two years later, he collaborated with Marguerite Guillot (1815-1885) to found a eucharistic congregation for women now known as the Servants of the Blessed Sacrament. He also established an association of lay people called the Aggregation of the Blessed Sacrament.
In 2010 and 2011, during the 200th anniversary celebration of Eymard’s birth, pilgrims travelled from around the world to discover the Eymardian places in France. More pilgrims are making their way during 2012, which is the fiftieth anniversary of Eymard’s canonisation as a saint.
Eymard was a pilgrim throughout his life. He journeyed long distances to places that brought him closer to God. The power of these places remained with him and brought him back, to reflect and pray, to give thanks, and to be restored by his experience of God.
Eymardian places are places where Eymard found God. They are also places where we may find Eymard. As pilgrims, we walk in his footsteps. We look for him in the churches and shrines that he loved, in the villages and cities where he lived and worked, and where events occurred that were important in his life.
The Eymardian Places website was originally compiled as an online resource for a group of pilgrims from Australia who travelled to France in October 2011. Information is provided here about many, but not all of the Eymardian places. It is hoped that more places and more resources will be added to this website in the future.
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DUNKIN’ LATTE LOUNGE
FEATURED PERFORMANCES
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Kelianne
A native of California, Kelianne is a 24 year old Actress, Singer, Dancer, and Gymnast that is quickly rising to the top! To date, she has created a fanbase of over 12-Million fans and 400M views across her multiple social media platforms! Known for her incredible gymnastics abilities, Kelianne was previously a member of the U.S. National Acrobatic Gymnastics Team and competed in the World Championships. Previously a member of The Hype House and the Triller Compound, Kelianne is became extremely popular on her TikTok account, with 9.9 Million followers. Her fans love her videos of popular dances, doing gymnastics tricks, and her beauty tips. [...] Read More
Raised 70 miles outside of LA, Kelianne comes from a very musical family and grew up performing. Since her father and older brother are multi-instrumentalists in multiple bands, Kelianne became a multi-musical talent herself. She plays piano, guitar, ukulele, and drums, and grew up performing and singing on the stage in musical theater, until she immersed herself full time in gymnastics. Her original dance troupe “The Acrobats,” which she created, has toured across the country, opening for Justin Bieber, and has been featured on various TV shows, such as The Ellen Show.
Kelianne continues to inspire women of all ages by promoting self confidence and a healthy body image. She is also interested in philanthropic endeavors and plans to visit countries around the world to bring and distribute clean water to those in need. She also currently supports Make-A-Wish and No Kid Hungry.
Kelianne and her best friends Nate Wyatt and Tayler Holder commonly called, “The Trio”, released their first song together “It Feels Like Christmas” on 12/8. Now, the artist known solely as Kelianne is finally launching her Pop Music career with her first single ‘Boys’ releasing January 2022. The music video will follow a week after the single release. Previously known as Kelianne Stankus and soon to be Mrs. Mattson, Kelianne is keeping things simple during this new era as a solo artist by completely dropping her last name. From now on, you can just call her Kelianne.
Kelianne has previously partnered with brands such as L’Oreal, Bloomingdales, Victoria Secret, Crest, Celsius, and many more! In her free time, Kelianne loves to spend time doing yoga, weight lifting, painting, and spending time with her fiancé, Chase Mattson.
DIDI + PING
Didi + Ping recently released out of this world house track "Rings of Saturn" exploring one of his greatest passions: outer space. Luring in the listener with a moody bass choir, previous single "Pharaoh" explores the tombs of Ancient Egypt’s divine monarchs. "Take Flight" explored flying being an ancient dream of humankind. On the track, Didi + Ping demonstrates his compositional prowess and atmospheric production sense with silky-toned violins and an uplifting drum beat. These charming ingredients create a wishful song that will carry you high into the sky and take you for a drive on the “infinite highway of the air.” Debut single "Buffalo" Jump", is a smooth house cut captures the spirit of the wild featuring melodious flute trills, vigorous hand drums and fascinating samples of a Native American pow wow recorded by a group who still inhabit Alberta, Canada, not too far from where Wang grew up in Calgary. Through captivating tones and weaving rhythms, Didi + Ping honors the mysteries of the planet, the serenity of nature and the collective spirituality that these aspects have evoked in civilizations throughout the ages.
Kelsi Davies
Denver native Kelsi Davies is establishing herself as a multi-talented quadruple threat in the entertainment industry. The singer, social media influencer, dancer, and actress first gained notoriety with her YouTube Channel which showcased her love for the paranormal. The highly successful channel, which has amassed over 460,000 subscribers, led her to expand her creative endeavors to TikTok. Her entertaining and insightful videos, which often feature her haunted doll Lola, have earned her a devoted fan base of over 4.4 million followers and over 103 million likes on the platform to date. [...] Read More
When she’s not busy creating social media content, Davies loves to sing. She has showcased her talent with the singles “Santa Honey,” Heartbeats,” “Done,” and “Darker.” The songs were written and produced by London-based Comanavago and are available to stream now.
Davies is also a psychic medium who recently discovered that an ability to connect with spirits on the other side runs deep within her family. She is committed to using her gifts for good by helping people connect with their deceased loved ones.
A proud member of the LGBTQ+ community, Davies aims to use her platform to encourage and inspire others to be their true, authentic selves. She also loves giving back through her support of Stand Up To Cancer and Miley Cyrus’ Happy Hippie Foundation, which provides resources to homeless and LGBTQ youth as well as other vulnerable populations. Davies currently resides in Los Angeles.
Aria Brooks
Born and raised in Atlanta, 15 year-old Aria Brooks is taking the entertainment industry by storm. Best known for her leading role on Nickelodeon’s All That and memorable performance in the award-winning film Harriet, she is also an accomplished singer/songwriter. [...] Read More
After writing and producing the standalone singles “Truly Me,” “Time Off,” and “Am I Next?,” she released her debut EP, castles pt. 1 and castles pt. 2 under the moniker ARIA. The deeply personal record showcases original songs she wrote which detail her mental health struggles, the challenges she faced on her journey to becoming a performer, and how she overcame them. It is available now on all streaming platforms.
Brooks is also a passionate activist who uses her platform to bring awareness to social issues and causes that are important to her while educating her followers about the challenges facing underrepresented groups in our society. The of two Performing Arts educators, she is also a proud supporter of the Kilgore Music Foundation founded by famed saxophonist Ryan Kilgore, that aims to mentor, teach and inspire children to be lifelong musicians. Brooks currently resides in Atlanta.
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EU must engage new US-Presidency to deal with Bush inheritance
Institute for Strategic and International Studies
The year 2009 is certainly a year of great uncertainties regarding the future of the EU after the Irish ‘No’, particularly when this will be coupled with the unknown impact of the current financial and economic crisis, that seems to many more structural than simply a cyclical recession. But it may also be a year of opportunities. It will certainly be a year of great expectations of change in transatlantic relations and even in global politics with the arrival of President Obama at the White House.[1] The combination of these factors seems to point to 2009 as a year of both great opportunities and great challenges in terms of the future of the EU and of global governance.
The Portuguese point of view tends to be generically very positive regarding the opportunities opened by the election of Barack Obama in tune with the polls that show his exceptional popularity throughout Europe and globally. The government has expressed in wishes that the longstanding alliance with the US will be reaffirmed and enhanced with the new presidency. In fact, Portugal took the lead in raising publicly the question of European states receiving former prisoners of Guantanamo – and offering to do so – as a concrete way of showing its willingness to help the new US President in solving some of the most complex aspects of the inheritance of George W. Bush.[2] At the level of the government, therefore, the willingness to cooperate with the new US President is clear, both as a result of the traditional strategic priorities of Portuguese defence and foreign policy, but also through a Europeanising of these relations. The current Portuguese government clearly believes that its membership in the EU is an important way of improving its relations with Washington and acts accordingly.
However, despite this almost universal sympathy, from Communist Nobel Laureate José Saramago to right-wing politicians and opinion-makers who nevertheless expressed their support for Obama, there are some analysts questioning the new US President’s ability to deliver on the very high expectations that surrounded his election; or at least emphasise the need for Europe to act now in a coordinated and well-thought way so as to profit from opportunities for a reform of global governances created by this administration, underlining that they will not take place on American initiative alone.
Among these more sceptical analysis is João Marques de Almeida, who points to the need to realize the many difficulties and constraints faced by the new American President.[3] Álvaro de Vasconcelos offers an example of the kind comments made by those who see the election of President Obama as a renewed chance for a global partnership translated in an effective multilateralism. At the same time this creates a challenge for Europe, requiring a more proactive stance that will go beyond simply criticising US foreign policy and move towards formulating concrete alternative proposals to the current international status quo. The challenges are many, namely in terms of international security, with matters such as NATO enlargement and Afghanistan. But there is also the need for Europeans to build and advocate a broader agenda that goes beyond the traditional US international security priorities and towards more truly global concerns. This could naturally include reforming international institutions, namely by an effort of dialogue and inclusion of different regional organizations.[4]
In terms of the top priorities for a re-definition or re-vitalisation of the EU-US relationship, a relative consensus emerges in Portugal among decision-makers and opinion-makers. The need for a renewal of the Middle East peace process and engagement with Iran is seen as a priority given the importance of this for our near neighbours in the Southern Mediterranean. Then there is the less urgent, but no less important need to reinforce multilateral institutions and by reforming or revising them, make sure that they are able to better integrate the so-called emerging powers, perhaps by engaging in the difficult reform of the UN, but also and more immediately and easily, by permanently transforming the G8 into the G20 with a guaranteed EU presence – so as to make sure that smaller countries like Portugal will have a say in such a forum. Last but not least, there is a sense of urgency because of the current crisis, in the need for stronger, more effective global economic regulations and institutions namely regarding the financial sector and the fight against off-shores and other forms of escaping regulations and not pay taxes.
How far this ambitious agenda can be achieved, however, is less clear. Again more sceptical or cautious voices point to the basic undeniable fact that no matter how much Obama was acclaimed as the “candidate of the Europeans” he will be the “American President”, as well as the potential difficulties if we look at the views so far expressed by Obama regarding the Middle East, that if taken literally – and not as part of the campaign rhetoric – do not necessarily point to an easy convergence on that vital matter with Europe.[5] Also, the old trap of falling into the temptation of national protectionism in these hard economic times may cause serious tensions between the US and the EU.[6]
Despite these different views, what the EU needs to do in order to revitalise transatlantic relations also seems relatively consensually. Europe needs to be more proactive and co-ordinated in its external policy regarding the US and the world in general, showing a greater ability to actually deliver some international public goods, alongside the very significant, but often a strategic, contribution that it already makes – primarily through aid.
This would seem to point to the urgent need for institutional reforms of the EU external action along the lines of the Lisbon Treaty to come into place as soon as possible. The fact that European leaders were able to meet and prepare a joint letter to the new US President on the eve of the election was perhaps a positive sign that there is some awareness among current European leaders of the need for increased coordination in relations with America. Another positive fact was that Obama made clear his commitment to multilateralism, diplomacy, and renewal and reinforcement of traditional alliances, namely and explicitly with Europe. In his main foreign policy text so far, published in “Foreign Affairs” during the campaign, he points to the mistake made in dismissing “European reservations about the wisdom and necessity of the Iraq war”, and goes on to underline that “I will rebuild our ties to our allies in Europe and Asia and strengthen our partnerships throughout the Americas and Africa. Our alliances require constant cooperation and revision if they are to remain effective and relevant.”[7]
However, if this gives room for hope of a renewed and more dynamic transatlantic relationship, it also means Europeans no longer have the easy alibi of being unable to work with George W. Bush. The EU faces the challenge of becoming an effective actor in the international stage, while at the same time avoiding the power politics (Realpolitik) kind of approach so traditional of international politics dominated by states. A European power politics approach to international relations would create a serious dissonance with a project of European integration born of a rejection of it between its member states.[8] Lastly, the present writer believes that there is room to question whether the current fragile institutional basis of EU-US relations, with periodic summits, while many important issues for the transatlantic relationship actually being discussed primarily either through NATO or through the G8, could not be improved. A stronger institutionalisation with the creation of a more permanent forum for a truly European-North American partnership – perhaps with the inclusion of Canada and Mexico, i.e. a ‘NAFTO’ – would seem to be a potentially very positive step in achieving effective coordination in transatlantic relations across the board.
[1] See e.g. SpiegelOnline International: The World President. Great Expectations for Project Obama, available at: (last access: 21 November 2008).
[2] Michael Abramowitz: Portugal Urges E.U. to Accept Former Guantanamo Detainees, The Washington Post, 12 December 2008.
[3] João Marques de Almeida: A ilusão Obama, Diário Económico, 11 February 2008.
[4] See e.g. Álvaro de Vasconcelos: O fim do carácter único da Europa?, available at: (last acess: 12 December 2008); Teresa de Sousa: O que o mundo espera da América e o que a América espera do mundo, Público, 20 January 2009.
[5] João Marques de Almeida: Bush e Obama, Diário Económico, 16 June 2008.
[6] Bruno C Reis: Presidenciais Americanas: Vitória Certa da Europa, Resultados Incertos nas Relações Trans-Atlânticas, available at: (last access: 10 December 2008).
[7] Barack Obama: Renewing American Leadership, in: Foreign Affairs 4/2007, pp. 2-16.
[8] Teresa de Sousa: A Europa tem dificuldade em afirmar-se no palco internacional com uma política de potência, Público, 12 December 2008.
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Official visit to Mongolia
Vladimir Putin paid an official visit to Mongolia to participate in events dedicated to the 80th anniversary of the victory of Soviet and Mongolian troops in the battle at Khalkhin Gol.
The countries’ leaders held talks in Ulanbataar. A package of bilateral documents was signed following the talks. Vladimir Putin and Khaltmaagiin Battulga made statements for the press.
During the visit, the President also met with Chairman of the State Great Khural Gombojav Zandanshatar and with Prime Minister of Mongolia Ukhnaagiin Khurelsukh.
As part of the celebrations dedicated to the 80th anniversary of the victory at Khalkhin Gol, Vladimir Putin and Khaltmaagiin Battulga laid a wreath at the monument to Marshal Georgy Zhukov in Ulanbataar and talked with veterans.
The presidents of Russia and Mongolia also spoke at a gala reception on the occasion of the 80th anniversary of the victory at Khalkhin Gol, which was preceded by a visit to a thematic art exhibition.
Publication date: September 3, 2019, 16:00
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By Osiame Molefe
To some people technology is not as interesting as its ability to empower, uplift and educate people.
This is only done when technology is “democratised” and available more widely and cheaply.
When it reaches people and so has a purpose. Let’s think about that for a moment.
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When Piet Strieker, a volunteer teacher at Sinenjongo High School in the impoverished Cape Town suburb Joe Slovo Park, showed Grade 11 learners the information cornucopia on the internet, they immediately knew they needed it.
Despite being in an urbanised area, Sinenjongo has no library. The school’s 25 computers are mostly booked out by learners taking computer application technology as a subject. So when anyone wants to access the internet, often Wikipedia, they have to go to the local library, which has only two computers online.
But 90% of these learners do have WAP-enabled cellphones – alternative internet connection points that they know could instantly improve their access to quality education and information. There’s just one problem: they can’t afford airtime.
In November 2012, the learners took a leaf from initiatives in other African countries and wrote an open letter to the big-four South African mobile phone operators, Vodacom, Cell C, MTN and 8ta.
“We recently heard that in some other African countries like Kenya and Uganda, certain cellphone providers are offering their customers free access to Wikipedia,” said the letter. “We think this is a wonderful idea and would really like to encourage you to make the same offer here in South Africa.”
This sparks several important thoughts about technology with a purpose…
1 Is technology the great equaliser?
Sinenjongo’s bid to use cellphone technology to improve education outcomes is not that unusual. Neither is the drive for outcome-enhancing tech limited to education.
The information and communication technologies (ICTs) of the past two decades have been touted as great levellers. It’s been said that they have the potential to remove barriers, balance power relationships and create a more equitable world – surprising, considering that in many cases, tech is only available to a privileged few.
But every sector related to human development, including health, education, food and agriculture, safety and security, public sector transparency and governance, civic participation and even access to ICTs themselves, has ICT-based initiatives aimed at improving people’s lives.
Some are a bit zany, like when global NGO One Laptop Per Child (OLPC) dropped 1 000 Motorola Xoom tablets preloaded with educational apps in remote Ethiopian villages to see what the technologically untouched kids would do (see thought three). Others are simple, but novel, such as Canada-based Homeless Nation, a social network of sorts for and by Vancouver’s homeless that gives these often-unheard members of society a voice.
All ICT initiatives aim to innovate in how they make tech and its benefits more accessible. Yet, despite the excitement about ICT potential in human development, questions remain about the real impact and how effective any of this has been.
2 Technologically boring is socially interesting.
At around the same time that Sinenjongo High learners wrote their open letter to the big-four networks, universities from Spanish and Portuguese-speaking countries held a meeting in the coastal town of Cartagena, Colombia.
The purpose of the gathering was to discuss the use of technology and innovation to disseminate information between institutions and across borders. This was where the National University of Distance Education, or UNED, unveiled UnX, a new digital education portal offering university-level courses and resources in Spanish and Portuguese at no cost.
The portal has the potential to democratise access to university education, says Leo Burd, a researcher at MIT’s Centre for Mobile Learning, which helped develop UnX. It will allow individuals in under-serviced communities to access knowledge that improves living conditions and contributes to social development. But, says Burd, the technology behind the portal isn’t as interesting as its potential to empower communities.
This is a view shared by Peter Benjamin, general manager at Cell-Life, a Cape Town-based provider of mobile health solutions. The technology itself is just a tool that doesn’t change power relationships or make the world any more equal, he explains.
“Communication tools don’t get socially interesting until they’re technologically boring,” says Benjamin, quoting Clay Shirky, a researcher and writer on internet technologies and their social and economic effects.
This is in part because new, potentially empowering technologies in capitalist societies are initially only available to a well-off few, Benjamin explains. But, as even newer technologies are created, older ones become cheaper and more widely available. Only then do they have the potential to have the social effects they should.
Ordinary mobile phones are now at that socially interesting place. They’ve far exceeded the accessibility of what they replaced, namely fixed-line telephones, and their added features compete, albeit in a reduced form, with newer technologies still only available to the well-heeled, such as broadband internet and laptop computers.
This has led to a surge in technology capitalism. Having seen the rapid proliferation of mobile phones and the knock-on effects on measures of economic development and its application in social development, hardware manufacturers started a race to create the best sub-$US 100 smartphone.
Nokia, Huawei, Blackberry and a few manufacturers in the developing world have released products within this price range. These, however, have yet to attain the reach and scale of ordinary cellphones, which, for now, are where the most interesting innovations for social good have arisen.
3 Democratising technology means spreading it around.
Leo Burd’s work at the MIT Centre for Mobile Learning focuses on developing tech and techniques for education and social empowerment. Take App Inventor, towards which he’s contributed, an application that was “built with the mission to democratise app creation for and by all,” blogged Burd in July 2013.
This clever online tool allows anyone to develop an Android phone app and therefore participate in the mobile tech democratisation process itself. “[It’s] being taught by universities, schools and community technology centres around the world,” Burd continues.
“Examples of student projects include a mobile app to educate women about the Pap test, and games to foster healthy lifestyles. Outside the formal academic realm, App Inventor is being used in youth programmes to engage under-served girls with careers in science and technology, and in many other initiatives… Still, much more will be needed to turn App Inventor’s democratising potential into reality.”
This is the case with most socially developing tech. It has to find its way into as many hands as possible to achieve success. The One Laptop Per Child experiment is just one of many attempts to take high-end tech to people who might not otherwise encounter it. Technologist and founder of the organisation Nicholas Negroponte, also chairman emeritus of MIT’s Media Lab, has made claims about the experiment’s success that likely won’t surprise educationalists, cognitive scientists or anyone who’s ever raised a child.
In the September 2012 MIT Techology Review, he explained how solar-powered tablets in sealed boxes were delivered to Ethiopian villages – one per child, instructions not included. The tablets were preloaded with educational games, books, cartoons and movies. The aim: to see if the kids could teach themselves to use the tablets, and then to read.
“Within minutes of arrival, the tablets were unboxed and turned on,” writes Negroponte. “After the first week, on average, 47 apps were used per day. After week two, the kids were playing games to race each other in saying the ABCs.”
This is in fact an updated version of a 1999 experiment in a New Delhi slum. Sugata Mitra, now professor of education technology at Newcastle University, gave street children access to internet-capable computers, but no instructions. There too, the kids taught themselves to use the machines unassisted. Mitra just made himself available to listen to their bragging and respond with praise, a technique he called the “grandmother method”.
These examples seem to confirm what is already known: children don’t just learn through a teacher or parent, but also by themselves through play. Whether this self-learning equips them with the skills a formal education and the global knowledge economy require is still untested. Until it is, we can’t say for sure whether this tech has achieved its purpose or not.
4 It has to be scaled.
There are more children in remote, underserviced areas than there are free tablets and organisations willing to give them away. That’s the other challenge faced by OLPC. When it comes to democratising developmentbased tech, scaling is essential, but it can also be expensive. This conundrum has to be anticipated and overcome.
From July 2012 to July 2013 in South Africa, the eLibrary Project ran a pilot programme to assess the impact and feasibility of distributing Kindle e-readers to school libraries around the country. The pilot assessed 60 Johannesburg learners’ reading levels and interests before and after giving each a Kindle loaded with school and other general books, including literary classics.
Project founders David Ansara and Mark Oppenheimer say they realise that the devices and ebooks are not cheap, but they hope the results will draw interest from other NGOs and the government, and provide an answer to the country’s inadequate library system and perennial delays in delivering textbooks and other material to schools.
Thus, to effectively scale, the eLibrary Project needs to show that the resources spent on building libraries and buying and distributing physical books could be better spent on Kindles and ebooks. It also needs to show that serving the same number of learners wouldn’t cost significantly more.
5 Start with what’s there, measure what happens.
Sinenjongo’s learners are clearly starting with what’s already there. They already have cellphones. Wikipedia already exists as a reliable source of information with a team of curators who tend to it daily. The only thing missing is the airtime to connect these two already present resources in a useful way.
According to Peter Benjamin, Cell-Life also focuses its mobile health solutions on technology that’s already there. They’ve used “South Africa’s largest social network”, MXit, to provide HIV-related content to the network’s mostly young users. They’ve also linked MXit to the existing National AIDS Helpline, so that users can send a message on the application to the screen of an HIV counsellor, who can then reply.
But what is often lacking, says Benjamin, are measurements of change and peer-reviewed evidence of outcomes. These cannot be replaced by the hype around technology with a purpose. The right kind of evidence is crucial to show that purpose is truly there.
“The number of people sending SMSs or accessing an information source online isn’t necessarily an indication that outcomes are improving,” Benjamin explains. “You need a clear theory of change that connects the dots between the problem, the intervention, the monitoring and the measure of impact. This the most important part.”
But relative newness means impact measurement studies are thin on the ground and good evidence to support interventions is simply not there. Cell-Life has therefore developed its own impact-evaluation tools over the last decade, a process that requires careful consideration of what exactly you’re trying to achieve. You can’t measure the tech to assess its effects.
6 You can’t throw tech at every problem.
The dearth of impact studies hasn’t deterred many corporations and non-profit organisations from steering resources towards development-based tech.
The Vodafone Foundation in Europe, along with AGE Platform Europe and the European Disability Forum recently announced €200 000 of awards for apps focused on mobile health care, education, public services and support for the disabled. In the UK, social enterprise The Big Issue and Nominet Trust are investing up to £500 000 in early-stage businesses that use technology to transform the lives of young people.
But many social sector stalwarts have warned against the newfound enthusiasm of technologists for causes. Democratisation of tech does not mean doling it out for every social ill. Some of these simply can’t be cured with techie interventions. And problems become particularly acute when technologists attempt to develop solutions to socioeconomic problems. Why? Because it’s impossible to address one problem separately from all the others.
Gavin Silber of the community-based Social Justice Coalition in Khayelitsha, Cape Town, gives the example of the organisation’s work around safety and security. He explains that working on these needs also led the organisation to improve access to sanitation and streetlights. It makes sense: too few working communal toilets meant that, at night, people had to travel great distances in the dark to relieve themselves. This is when most attacks would happen and security was compromised.
So it’s important to understand your target population and area, says Silber. In the same way a corporation wouldn’t roll out a new product or service without doing market research, technologists should work closely with the communities they’re developing solutions for if they want them to succeed.
Who would have thought?
Despite the precedent, and a promising approach, Sinenjongo teacher Pam Robertson says none of the mobile operators has responded to the learners’ appeal so far. Currently only FNB Connect, a broadband service by First National Bank, has reacted by offering customers free Wikipedia access between 7pm and 11pm daily. Of course only students whose parents have a computer, ADSL line and FNB Connect can take this up.
Writing in The Sowetan in June 2013, Stellenbosch University education researcher Nic Spaull argued that this would be a minimal investment for networks with potentially significant impact on millions of South African learners with WAP-enabled phones – plus positive economic spin-offs.
“I can’t imagine that the data revenues from South Africans accessing the (primarily text-based) Wikipedia Mobile are anything that would affect the bottom line,” writes Spaull. “And anyway, these miniscule losses couldn’t hold a flame to the positive public relations and social capital from such an important policy.”
This is not to say that development tech is the responsibility of technologists and providers (see box, right). But it can be to their benefit, as it benefits the country’s education system and economy in turn.
This is truly tech with purpose. More than one purpose, in fact.
Inside | Osiame Molefe
Osiame Molefe is a chartered accountant who’s crunched numbers in Johannesburg, Bermuda and New York. But that was then. Now he’s a Cape Town-based writer who crafts words into news, opinion, analysis, public sector strategy and also some fiction. His interest is in, “the space where personal and societal ambitions intersect with technology, politics and economics”. Welcome to Osiame’s space. An interesting place to be.
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Reginald Hudlin to Direct Valiant’s Supernatural Superhero Movie ‘Shadowman’ (Exclusive)
by Graeme McMillan
Courtesy of Roberto de la Torre/Valiant Entertainment (Art); Nicholas Hunt/Getty Images (Hudlin)
Hudlin will also co-write the story with ‘Salem’ showrunner Adam Simon.
Independent comic book company Valiant Entertainment is continuing its march toward the big screen, with Heat Vision learning that the adaptation of its Shadowman series has brought on new creative team to redevelop the property.
Adam Simon, showrunner for WGN America’s Salem, will rewrite a screenplay by J. Michael Straczynski based on the supernatural comic book property, sources familiar with the project revealed. Reginald Hudlin, fresh off his directorial return with this October’s Thurgood Marshall thriller Marshall, is attached to direct.
Shadowman is a supernatural concept based around an African-American musician in New Orleans who becomes infected by a spirit that allows him otherworldly abilities. As the latest incarnation of the titular Shadowman, a mystical defender of Earth against demonic invasion, he has to protect against threats from Master Darque and other denizens of the netherworld known as the Deadside.
The character debuted in 1992’s Shadowman No. 1, and currently appears in the company’s current Rapture comic book series, which launched last month.
For the film, Hudlin and Simon will work together on the revised story for the project, while Straczynski remains on board as executive producer. The Sean Daniel Company’s Sean Daniel and Jason Brown will produce with Valiant Entertainment’s Dinesh Shamdasani. As with Valiant’s Archer & Armstrong, the project will be developed in-house before being shopped to studios.
Although this will be Hudlin’s first cinematic superhero project, he has a significant body of work in superhero comics, including a four-year run on Marvel’s Black Panther, and his current work reviving the Milestone franchise for DC Entertainment. He also wrote the comic book adaptation of Quentin Tarantino’s Django Unchained, and co-wrote the follow-up, Django/Zorro, with Matt Wagner.
Shadowman is one of many Valiant properties to be developed for the big screen. Sony has a five-picture deal with the company for its Harbinger and Bloodshot characters, with Archer & Armstrong being developed by Terry Rossio and Zombieland‘s Ruben Fleischer. Quantum & Woody is also under development for television, with Joe and Anthony Russo as executive producers.
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Blog · Editor's Picks
Landmark building to house new museum celebrating Jewish heritage
Empty for 12 years, the former orphanage will be transformed into Beit HaKehillot museum and community center dedicated to Jewish heritage.
For a dozen years, Jerusalem’s landmark Schneller Compound on Malchei Yisrael Street has lain dormant and abandoned.
Now, the 19th-century cluster of edifices is undergoing a massive renovation to become Beit HaKehillot (House of the Communities), an interactive Jewish heritage museum and cultural center.
“This isn’t going to be another boring museum filled with artifacts you forget about after 10 minutes. It will be a celebration of Jewish culture that will leave visitors feeling excited about being a part of the Jewish nation,” says Hanan Benayahu, director of Kehillot Yisrael Institute.
He tells ISRAEL21c that the future museum aims to bring to life inspiring historical events, stories, and folklore representing “the radical ideas and core values that Jews brought to the world throughout the diaspora” and how those ideas and values united and strengthened the widespread communities.
“Their culture wasn’t just gefilte fish and cholent,” says Benayahu. “For 2,000 years, they connected to each other and influenced one another, and came up with ways to handle all kinds of situations, not just antisemitism but also issues like encroaching modernity.”
For the past 50 years, Kehillot Yisrael has been collecting what Benayahu says is the largest private archive of original Jewish manuscripts, letters, books, songs, and stories. The institute has digitally documented 1.8 million pages, certificates, and historical documents, and published more than 700 books.
“We all have roots from different communities, but do we have any idea how to connect to those roots? Being able to experience the richness of each community – its customs, literature, poetry art, music, liturgy, and folktales – will create a sense of connection, no matter where your family came from.”
A time capsule of history
German Protestant missionary Johann Ludwig Schneller built the first building in the Schneller Compound in 1860 by to care for Syrian orphans. The campus gradually was expanded to include a school for the blind, several factories, a printing press, a pottery workshop, dormitories, stables, and more.
In 1940, British forces deported all German personnel and turned the compound into a closed military camp containing the largest ammunition stockpile in the Middle East. The building changed hands again in 1948 after the British abandoned the camp.
The Schneller Compound in Jerusalem as it looked in the 19th century. Photo courtesy of Israel’s Antiquities Authority
The Haganah – the precursor to the Israel Defense Forces — used it as a base of operations during Israel’s War of Independence. The Schneller Compound continued to serve as an IDF base until 2008.
Meanwhile, a bathhouse, winery, and other structures dating from the Second Temple and early Roman period have been discovered around the compound. And the restoration and excavation work inside the compound has revealed evidence of a Turkish bathhouse and several ancient wells.
The Schneller Compound courtyard. Photo courtesy of Kehillot Yisrael Institute
“The Schneller Compound is a virtual time capsule of a 150-year period in Jerusalem’s history,” said Moshe Shapiro, lead architect for the project.
“It contains the story of the Jewish people, from the time of the destruction of Jerusalem to pre-state, British, the underground, and more. This new project, housed in what was formerly a non-Jewish building, honors Jewish heritage and culture and closes the circle.”
The construction project is expected to take approximately two years.
View from above the Schneller Compound. Photo courtesy of Kehillot Yisrael Institute
Skimmers, swimmers, deep divers
The museum is being designed by Berenbaum Jacobs Associates (BJA), which creates digital media installations, original video content, and advanced AR+VR experiences for museums, special exhibitions, visitor attractions, and memorials across the globe. The firm has offices in Israel, New Jersey, and California.
BJA partner and project designer Edward Jacobs tell ISRAEL21c that the design will focus on engaging school-aged visitors “who want to understand why a museum of Jewish heritage is relevant to their lives. Cutting-edge technology is just one part of that.”
He wants all types of museum patrons – he calls them “skimmers, swimmers and deep divers” — to go through together and experience the various elements at the level each one desires.
Beit HaKehillot will display documents from many Jewish communities around the world. Photo courtesy of BJA Associates
Beit HaKehillot will offer augmented reality glasses rather than VR headsets, Jacobs says. “I hate headsets because they take away the exceedingly important social element of experiencing the space together.”
He envisions the journey beginning with a ride in “a crazy huge elevator with walls of liquid crystal” leading down into an ancient water cistern where a film will introduce “all the ‘radical’ ideals first promulgated by the Jews, like human equality and environmental awareness.”
Complementary museums
Benayahu says Beit HaKehillot will complement, not compete with, Beit Hatfutsot-The Museum of the Jewish People (formerly called the Diaspora Museum) on the campus of Tel Aviv University, which opened in 1978 as “the National Center for Jewish communities in Israel and around the world.”
Another project in the works is World’s Jewish Museum, expected to open in 2023 to highlight major Jewish achievements in modern history.
Designed by world-renowned Jewish architect Frank Gehry, World’s Jewish Museum proposes to become a starting point for a Tel Aviv “Avenue of the Museums” like Museum Mile in New York City. It will encompass the Eretz Yisrael Museum, the Rabin Center, the Palmach Museum, Beit Hatfutsot, and the Steinhardt Museum of Natural History.
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Dutchess County Schools
Pine Plains Schools
Pine Plains Central School District is located at 2829 Church Street Pine Plains, NY. The District encompasses portions of nine towns in two New York State counties – the Towns of Ancram, Clermont, Gallatin and Livingston in Columbia County and the Towns of Clinton, Milan, Northeast and Stanford in Dutchess County. Pine Plains Central School District provides education for approximately 1500 students in grades K through 12.
The primary focus is on the improvement of student achievement in a spirit of collaboration with our administrators, faculty, staff, parents and community members. Parents, teachers, and administrators serve on the District and Building Leadership Teams. All of the schools enjoy the benefits of very active PTSA groups. Both families and neighbors enthusiastically support the district’s educational, athletic and community service activities.
The district has two elementary schools – Cold Spring Elementary in Stanford and Seymour Smith Elementary in Pine Plains. The district has one middle school (Stissing Mountain Middle School) and one high school (Stissing Mountain High School) on our main campus in the Town of Pine Plains. In addition to the core academic programs, we also host a variety of extra-curricular activities.
Pine Plains Central School District Information
Pine Plains Central School District
2829 Church Street
Pine Plains, NY 12567
Dutchess County, New York
Pine Plains Central School District Schools
Cold Spring Elementary School
Seymour Smith Elementary School
K-5, UE
Stissing Mountain High School
9-12, US
Stissing Mountain Middle School
6-8, UE
Ungraded
90 95 78 72 88 99 93 103 108 125 136 99 93 29 26
Superintendent: Linda Kaumeyer
» (518) 398-7181 x401
Assistant Supt For Pps
Assistant Supt For Business
All Schools in Pine Plains Central School District
Pine Plains Central School District, Dutchess County, New York
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Lincoln Shire Web
History of Lincolnshire
HomeUncategorizedThe Romans in Britain
The Romans in Britain
THE TRUE EXTENT of the Emperor Augustus’s power can be found in the exile of the great poet, Ovid in AD 8. Just why he was punished is not clear; however, having offended the emperor he was sent to an island in the middle of nowhere. So clear was Augustus’s authority, Ovid was told to go and go he went. [¤ see below]
Throughout the empire, the emperor’s word ensured stability and even peace. To counter external threats, he bribed potential enemies not to attack the borders; without internal challenge, life went on without interruption. The distribution of powers was balanced, if not equitable. Augustus, army, senate: the power flowed in diminishing proportions in that order while the people were content with adequate food and peaceful prosperity.[§ see below] This extraordinary state of affairs lasted for the next 150 years or so. Skirmishes in Britain with the Scots and Welsh were easily dealt with; while the ‘English’ seemed also to prosper with the rest of the empire.
Having such extensive, despotic powers was a temptation which felled some emperors like Caligula and Tiberius. [see below how William the Conqueror is described in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle.¥]Yet there were enlightened rulers, indeed liberal as we would understand the term. The following is from a letter Trajan wrote to Pliny the Younger who had asked for guidance on the growing number of Christians and their ‘superstition’.
They are not to be sought out; if they are denounced and proved guilty, they are to be punished, with this reservation, that whoever denies that he is a Christian and really proves it–that is, by worshiping our gods–even though he was under suspicion in the past, shall obtain pardon through repentance. But anonymously posted accusations ought to have no place in any prosecution. For this is both a dangerous kind of precedent and out of keeping with the spirit of our age.
There were something like 15,000 legionaries stationed in Britain — it was officially a province, as was Gaul and Lusitania, for example — who were supported by perhaps three times that number of auxiliaries.
It’s worth remembering that the majority of the Roman Empire’s armed forces were not exclusively Romans, and were probably not even born in Italy. There weren’t enough citizens for that. The legions recruited throughout the empire; one of the bonuses was retirement in a colony such as Lincoln — and great cash gifts or ‘donatives’ on the accession of a new emperor. These sweeteners meant later that the soldiers would decide the new emperor.]
This lack of native soldiers and the use of ‘mercenaries’ to fight Rome’s battles was one of the primary reasons Edward Gibbon cited for the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire.
It’s likely that Horncastle was garrisoned by auxiliaries; while Lindum [Lincoln] would have been home to some legionaries. [The legions’ main bases were at York, Chester, and Caerleon.] Horncastle was simply a small fort on the way to Lincoln — and further north — which in time became a major centre of power. In fact, it was designated a colonia in AD 98 . [York had to wait until AD 237.]
Like most imperial troops, the Romans treated Britons with disdain and contempt. This is scarcely surprising. British troops in the British Empire were disdainful and contemptuous of all local inhabitants in Africa and the Far East; the Americans effectively destroyed the Indians and weren’t too well behaved towards the Vietnamese, either.
For the local Britons in the first, second and later centuries, the Romans used the term ‘Britunculus’ for one of the locals. Literally, it meant ‘little Brit’ but it carried the same value of contempt as does the word ‘frog’ when used to refer to the French.
Further articles on this subject will appear in the next few weeks.
¤ Ovid’s was not true exile which would have entailed the loss of all property, as well as liberty. [His full name was Publius Ovidius Naso.] Instead he was ‘relegated’ to Tomis, a decrepit, crude town on the coast of the Black Sea in what we today call Romania. The reason this case is so exemplary is that Ovid went into exile on his own: there were no armed guards to ensure he went. Rather, he made his own arrangements. To do otherwise would have been folly. In some ways, this is more frightening than armed soldiers or police hammering on the door at 5am as the Gestapo used to do during the last world war.
It’s thought the reason for Ovid’s exile was that he was somehow involved in a love affair involving one of the emperor’s family — either directly or simply as one of a circle of friends. [Ovid’s circle was somewhat akin to the Sloanes of the 1990s: upper-class, well connected, wealthy and frivolous. However, the poet lived among them but was not one of them.] The apparent offense was to publish love poetry at the same time — which the great man took to be mockery of him. Augustus, while maintaining public order in the empire, was rather strait-laced and perhaps a bit of a prude. Indeed he sought the moral reform of Rome and to curb the decadence of its wealthy citizens — which contrasts sharply with the line from Ovid below.
Jupiter from on high laughs at lovers’ perjuries.
[Iuppiter ex alto periuria ridet amantum.]
Ars amatoria, i.633 [The Art of Love]
Often enough to be almost customary, the emperors were likened to Jupiter, greatest of the Roman gods.
Ovid and his wife petitioned the emperor regularly for remission or abatement without success. Indeed after Augustus’s death in AD 14, his successor Tiberius also declined to forgive. In Tiberius’s case. however, it was probably proof of his mean-streak — which developed in time to reveal him as a truly great, world-class monster.
Ovid died in the crude frontier town [imagine one of the barren villages depicted in the Clint Eastwood series of Fistful of Dollars films, then make it even worse] in the year AD 17, having been confined within it for almost 10 nightmarish years.
¥ The Chronicle had some rough things to say about William the Conqueror, for example:
Assuredly in his time had men much distress, and very many sorrows. Castles he let men build, and miserably swink the poor. The king himself was so very rigid; and extorted from his subjects many marks of gold, and many hundred pounds of silver; which he took of his people, for little need, by right and by unright. He was fallen into covetousness, and greediness he loved withal
Although begun by Alfred the Great c 895 AD, the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle was in fact an on-going project which was added to regularly until the mid-twelfth century, with the death of King Stephen in 1154, grandson of the Conqueror.
§ A one-man dictatorship probably has a life of about 20-25 years, perhaps 30. Hitler ruled from 1931 till 1945. Stalin lasted from Lenin’s death in 1924 till 1952 — all that time as ‘secretary’ of the party!. The Ceausescus had from 1965 until 1989 when everyone lost patience with him, and his own security forces put him up against a wall with his wife and disposed of them summarily with machine-guns.
It would be wonderful were it possible to read what Edward Gibbon would have made of the twentieth century’s monsters, Lenin, Stalin, Hitler, Mao, and the barbed minnow of the group, Ceausescu.
Horncastle in the Domesday Book
Henry VIII & Queen Catherine at Lincoln
Anglo-Saxon Lincolnshire — 1
Places to visit in Lincolnshire
The Ravenna Cosmography
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POLISH SOCIETY OF ENGINEERING RHEOLOGY
member of the European Society of Rheology
About PSER
Jubilee Meeting – XXth Anniversary of PSER
III Polish Congress of Rheology – Lodz 2018
Jubilee of Professor Marek Dziubiński
PSER Congresses
Lodz 2018
Poznan 2013
Polish Day of Soft Matter and Microrheology
The promoter of rheological research in Poland was Professor Zdzisław Kembłowski, working at the Lodz University of Technology. The postdoctoral dissertation performed by Professor in 1969 regarding flows of non-Newtonian fluids in the inlet section of the pipe is probably the first postdoctoral dissertation in the field of rheology and rheometry of non-Newtonian fluids in Poland.
Founder and first president of PSER – Professor Zdzisław Kembłowski
The spread of rheology in Poland
In the 1970s, interest in rheological research has spread to Warsaw University of Technology (Professor Wroński) and Poznan University of Technology (Professor Kozioł). In order to strengthen cooperation between scientific centers dealing with this field, on the initiative of the Professor Kembłowski the First Seminar on Non-Newtonian Fluids was organized. The seminar took place in 1975 at the Lodz University of Technology. The seminar resulted in establishment of a separate section of Engineering of Non-Newtonian Fluids as part of the Chemical Engineering Committee of the Polish Academy of Sciences in 1976. The head of the new section was Professor Kembłowski. The following Second Seminar on Non-Newtonian Fluids took place in October 1978 in Kołobrzeg. In the years 1979-1990, Professor Kazimierz Kozioł was appointed as a new chairman of Engineering of Non-Newtonian Fluids section. In 1985 the Third Seminar on Non-Newtonian Fluids combined with National Scientific Session on “Advances in Bioreactor Engineering” were organized. It was a special interdisciplinary meeting of researchers of different kind of scientific fields. Since 1990, the Engineering Rheology Section with Professor Kembłowski as a head has been initiated as part of the Chemical Engineering Committee of the Polish Academy of Sciences. In October 1996, the First Seminar on Engineering Rheology was organized from an initiative of Professor Lidia Zander form University of Technology and Agriculture in Olsztyn (currently the University of Warmia and Mazury).
Founding Members of The Polish Society of Engineering Rheology – February 7, 1997 in Łódź
The founding meeting
The founding meeting of PSER was held in Łódź on February 7, 1997. Lodz University of Technology was a Polish cradle and leading research center in the field of non-Newtonian fluid engineering, rheology and rheometry. The meeting was attended by 16 people, Founding Members, representing eight academic centers from all over Poland. The society was officially registered in accordance with the decisions of the District Court in Łódź of 20 March 1997. The first PSER Council was constituted on June 27, 1997.
The 20th anniversary of PSER (in polish)
The aims of PSER
Promotion of research in the field of rheology.
Promoting the achievements of rheological science and its applications among industry employees as well as academic employees and industrial research centers.
Promoting of rheology in the education of students of technical faculties.
Popularization of rheology through mass media.
PSER-Polish Society of Engineering Rheology
Wolczanska 213
90-924 Lodz
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Roxana Radu elected as Program Chair for the Global Internet Governance Academic Network
Home/Posts/Roxana Radu elected as Program Chair for the Global Internet Governance Academic Network
In January 2020, Dr Roxana Radu (Postdoctoral researcher, Programme in Comparative Media Law and Policy) was elected as Program Chair of the Global Internet Governance Academic Network (GigaNet).
GigaNET is a membership-driven global network of academic internet governance researchers. The network was founded in 2006 to support multidisciplinary scholarship on internet governance. Members include researchers from a wide range of disciplines and locations who are contributing to research, teaching, and engagement in local, regional, and international debates on internet governance.
The four principal objectives of GigaNet are to: (1) support the establishment of a global network of scholars specializing in internet governance issues; (2) promote the development of internet governance as a recognized, interdisciplinary field of study; (3) advance theoretical and applied research on internet governance, broadly defined, and; (4) facilitate informed dialogue on policy issues and related matters between scholars and internet governance stakeholders (governments, international organizations, the private sector, and civil society).
In this new capacity, Roxana will be part of the GigaNet Steering Committee and coordinate the program for the annual GigaNet scholarly symposium to be held in conjunction with the United Nations’ Internet Governance Forum (2-6 November 2020).
By Uka|2020-07-31T13:36:08+01:00March 24th, 2020|Dr Roxana Radu, News|Comments Off on Roxana Radu elected as Program Chair for the Global Internet Governance Academic Network
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Hodge’s plan to upgrade Ravenshoe Depot
Posted on Wednesday 11 September, 2019
Peter Hodge has outlined his plans for the Ravenshoe Depot if elected as Mayor at next year’s council elections.
Atherton’s Peter Hodge recently announced that he will be running for Mayor in next year’s Tablelands Regional Council election, and he has already began outlining his plans if his bid for the position is successful.
“Today I announce that if I stand and were to be elected at the next council elections, I will recommend to the new council that the Ravenshoe Depot be upgraded to the standard that is required to cater for delivery of a full maintenance and service crew for our plant that will operate out of this depot,” he said.
“The road network is now appalling, not only at the southern end of TRC but all over the region.
“It has been taking months to have potholes repaired, and I believe residents are aware that we have not had a traditional monsoonal wet season this year.”
Mr Hodge said he intends to revert back to the three maintenance crews we had before amalgamation.
“The road network is the most important part of service delivery of a local government,” he said.
“There will be one crew at Ravenshoe, one crew at Malanda and one crew at the Atherton industrial estate at Tolga.
“All crews will be provided with the resources that is necessary to bring back the road network to the required standard.”
Mr Hodge said the whole region relies on the road network, not only for farming outputs but all other economic activities including retail and tourism.
“The upgrade to the Ravenshoe Works Depot will be a significant effort in the revitalisation of the town of Ravenshoe, not only in economic terms but also social values as well,” he said.
Challenge ready
English trio say goodbye to the Gladiators
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Mass Rape
'They raped every
German female from eight to 80'
Antony Beevor, author of the acclaimed new book about the fall of Berlin, on a massive war crime committed by the victorious Red Army.
"Red Army soldiers don't believe in 'individual liaisons' with German women," wrote the playwright Zakhar Agranenko in his diary when serving as an officer of marine infantry in East Prussia. "Nine, ten, twelve men at a time - they rape them on a collective basis."
The Soviet armies advancing into East Prussia in January 1945, in huge, long columns, were an extraordinary mixture of modern and medieval: tank troops in padded black helmets, Cossack cavalrymen on shaggy mounts with loot strapped to the saddle, lend-lease Studebakers and Dodges towing light field guns, and then a second echelon in horse-drawn carts. The variety of character among the soldiers was almost as great as that of their military equipment. There were freebooters who drank and raped quite shamelessly, and there were idealistic, austere communists and members of the intelligentsia appalled by such behaviour.
Beria and Stalin, back in Moscow, knew perfectly well what was going on from a number of detailed reports. One stated that "many Germans declare that all German women in East Prussia who stayed behind were raped by Red Army soldiers". Numerous examples of gang rape were given - "girls under 18 and old women included".
Marshal Rokossovsky issued order No 006 in an attempt to direct "the feelings of hatred at fighting the enemy on the battlefield." It appears to have had little effect. There were also a few arbitrary attempts to exert authority. The commander of one rifle division is said to have "personally shot a lieutenant who was lining up a group of his men before a German woman spreadeagled on the ground". But either officers were involved themselves, or the lack of discipline made it too dangerous to restore order over drunken soldiers armed with submachine guns.
Calls to avenge the Motherland, violated by the Wehrmacht's invasion, had given the idea that almost any cruelty would be allowed. Even many young women soldiers and medical staff in the Red Army did not appear to disapprove. "Our soldiers' behaviour towards Germans, particularly German women, is absolutely correct!" said a 21-year-old from Agranenko's reconnaissance detachment. A number seemed to find it amusing. Several German women recorded how Soviet servicewomen watched and laughed when they were raped. But some women were deeply shaken by what they witnessed in Germany. Natalya Gesse, a close friend of the scientist Andrei Sakharov, had observed the Red Army in action in 1945 as a Soviet war correspondent. "The Russian soldiers were raping every German female from eight to eighty," she recounted later. "It was an army of rapists."
Drink of every variety, including dangerous chemicals seized from laboratories and workshops, was a major factor in the violence. It seems as if Soviet soldiers needed alcoholic courage to attack a woman. But then, all too often, they drank too much and, unable to complete the act, used the bottle instead with appalling effect. A number of victims were mutilated obscenely.
The subject of the Red Army's mass rapes in Germany has been so repressed in Russia that even today veterans refuse to acknowledge what really happened. The handful prepared to speak openly, however, are totally unrepentant. "They all lifted their skirts for us and lay on the bed," said the leader of one tank company. He even went on to boast that "two million of our children were born" in Germany.
The capacity of Soviet officers to convince themselves that most of the victims were either happy with their fate, or at least accepted that it was their turn to suffer after what the Wehrmacht had done in Russia, is striking. "Our fellows were so sex-starved," a Soviet major told a British journalist at the time, "that they often raped old women of sixty, seventy or even eighty - much to these grandmothers' surprise, if not downright delight."
One can only scratch at the surface of the psychological contradictions. When gang-raped women in Königsberg begged their attackers afterwards to put them out of their misery, the Red Army men appear to have felt insulted. "Russian soldiers do not shoot women," they replied. "Only German soldiers do that." The Red Army had managed to convince itself that because it had assumed the moral mission to liberate Europe from fascism it could behave entirely as it liked, both personally and politically.
Domination and humiliation permeated most soldiers' treatment of women in East Prussia. The victims not only bore the brunt of revenge for Wehrmacht crimes, they also represented an atavistic target as old as war itself. Rape is the act of a conqueror, the feminist historian Susan Brownmiller observed, aimed at the "bodies of the defeated enemy's women" to emphasise his victory. Yet after the initial fury of January 1945 dissipated, the sadism became less marked. By the time the Red Army reached Berlin three months later, its soldiers tended to regard German women more as a casual right of conquest. The sense of domination certainly continued, but this was perhaps partly an indirect product of the humiliations which they themselves had suffered at the hands of their commanders and the Soviet authorities as a whole.
A number of other forces or influences were at work. Sexual freedom had been a subject for lively debate within Communist party circles during the 1920s, but during the following decade, Stalin ensured that Soviet society depicted itself as virtually asexual. This had nothing to do with genuine puritanism: it was because love and sex did not fit in with dogma designed to "deindividualise" the individual. Human urges and emotions had to be suppressed. Freud's work was banned, divorce and adultery were matters for strong party disapproval. Criminal sanctions against homosexuality were reintroduced. The new doctrine extended even to the complete suppression of sex education. In graphic art, the clothed outline of a woman's breasts was regarded as dangerously erotic. They had to be disguised under boiler suits. The regime clearly wanted any form of desire to be converted into love for the party and above all for Comrade Stalin.
Most ill-educated Red Army soldiers suffered from sexual ignorance and utterly unenlightened attitudes towards women. So the Soviet state's attempts to suppress the libido of its people created what one Russian writer described as a sort of "barracks eroticism" which was far more primitive and violent than "the most sordid foreign pornography". All this was combined with the dehumanising influence of modern propaganda and the atavistic, warring impulses of men marked by fear and suffering.
The novelist Vasily Grossman, a war correspondent attached to the invading Red Army, soon discovered that rape victims were not just Germans. Polish women also suffered. So did young Russian, Belorussian and Ukrainian women who had been sent back to Germany by the Wehrmacht for slave labour. "Liberated Soviet girls quite often complain that our soldiers rape them," he noted. "One girl said to me in tears: 'He was an old man, older than my father'."
The rape of Soviet women and girls seriously undermines Russian attempts to justify Red Army behaviour on the grounds of revenge for German brutality in the Soviet Union. On March 29 1945 the central committee of the Komsomol (the youth organisation of the Soviet Union) informed Stalin's associate Malenkov of a report from the 1st Ukrainian Front. "On the night of 24 February," General Tsygankov recorded in the first of many examples, "a group of 35 provisional lieutenants on a course and their battalion commander entered the women's dormitory in the village of Grutenberg and raped them."
In Berlin, many women were simply not prepared for the shock of Russian revenge, however much horror propaganda they had heard from Goebbels. Many reassured themselves that, although the danger must be great out in the countryside, mass rapes could hardly take place in the city in front of everybody.
In Dahlem, Soviet officers visited Sister Kunigunde, the mother superior of Haus Dahlem, a maternity clinic and orphanage. The officers and their men behaved impeccably. In fact, the officers even warned Sister Kunigunde about the second-line troops following on behind. Their prediction proved entirely accurate. Nuns, young girls, old women, pregnant women and mothers who had just given birth were all raped without pity.
Yet within a couple of days, a pattern emerged of soldiers flashing torches in the faces of women huddled in the bunkers to choose their victims. This process of selection, as opposed to the indiscriminate violence shown earlier, indicates a definite change. By this stage Soviet soldiers started to treat German women more as sexual spoils of war than as substitutes for the Wehrmacht on which to vent their rage.
Rape has often been defined by writers on the subject as an act of violence which has little to do with sex. But that is a definition from the victim's perspective. To understand the crime, one needs to see things from the perpetrator's point of view, especially in the later stages when unaggravated rape had succeeded the extreme onslaught of January and February.
Many women found themselves forced to "concede" to one soldier in the hope that he would protect them from others. Magda Wieland, a 24-year-old actress, was dragged from a cupboard in her apartment just off the Kurfürstendamm. A very young soldier from central Asia hauled her out. He was so excited at the prospect of a beautiful young blonde that he ejaculated prematurely. By sign language, she offered herself to him as a girlfriend if he would protect her from other Russian soldiers, but he went off to boast to his comrades and another soldier raped her. Ellen Goetz, a Jewish friend of Magda's, was also raped. When other Germans tried to explain to the Russians that she was Jewish and had been persecuted, they received the retort: "Frau ist Frau."
Women soon learned to disappear during the "hunting hours" of the evening. Young daughters were hidden in storage lofts for days on end. Mothers emerged into the street to fetch water only in the early morning when Soviet soldiers were sleeping off the alcohol from the night before. Sometimes the greatest danger came from one mother giving away the hiding place of other girls in a desperate bid to save her own daughter. Older Berliners still remember the screams every night. It was impossible not to hear them because all the windows had been blown in.
Estimates of rape victims from the city's two main hospitals ranged from 95,000 to 130,000. One doctor deduced that out of approximately 100,000 women raped in the city, some 10,000 died as a result, mostly from suicide. The death rate was thought to have been much higher among the 1.4 million estimated victims in East Prussia, Pomerania and Silesia. Altogether at least two million German women are thought to have been raped, and a substantial minority, if not a majority, appear to have suffered multiple rape.
If anyone attempted to defend a woman against a Soviet attacker it was either a father trying to defend a daughter or a young son trying to protect his mother. "The 13-year old Dieter Sahl," neighbours wrote in a letter shortly after the event, "threw himself with flailing fists at a Russian who was raping his mother in front of him. He did not succeed in anything except getting himself shot."
After the second stage of women offering themselves to one soldier to save themselves from others, came the post-battle need to survive starvation. Susan Brownmiller noted "the murky line that divides wartime rape from wartime prostitution". Soon after the surrender in Berlin, Ursula von Kardorff found all sorts of women prostituting themselves for food or the alternative currency of cigarettes. Helke Sander, a German film-maker who researched the subject in great detail, wrote of "the grey area of direct force, blackmail, calculation and real affection".
The fourth stage was a strange form of cohabitation in which Red Army officers settled in with German "occupation wives". The Soviet authorities were appalled and enraged when a number of Red Army officers, intent on staying with their German lovers, deserted when it was time to return to the Motherland.
Even if the feminist definition of rape purely as an act of violence proves to be simplistic, there is no justification for male complacency. If anything, the events of 1945 reveal how thin the veneer of civilisation can be when there is little fear of retribution. It also suggests a much darker side to male sexuality than we might care to admit.
The Guardian, 1 May 2002, © Antony Beevor, www.antonybeevor.com,
http://www.guardian.co.uk/books/2002/may/01/news.features11
The Assault on East Prussia (complete documentary)
- www.youtube.com/watch?v=bz7scck2bXI
How three million Germans died after VE Day
They raped every German female from eight to 80'
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Feature 12 January 2022
NATO and Russian officials are set to meet for talks in Brussels on Wednesday (12 January) to discuss Moscow’s military build-up along the Ukrainian border and European security.
Wednesday’s meeting constitutes the first talks in the NATO-Russia Council since 2019.
NATO Secretary-General Jens Stoltenberg will chair Wednesday’s talks with the Western alliance’s 30 ambassadors and the Russian delegation led by Deputy Foreign Minister Alexander Grushko, who described the meeting as “a moment of truth” in Russia-NATO relations.
The idea behind the talks is to broaden the bilateral discussion begun by the US Deputy Secretary of State, Wendy Sherman, and her Russian counterpart, Sergei Ryabkov, in Geneva on Monday (12 January).
NATO diplomats also confirmed Sherman, who has briefed the alliance on Tuesday, will join the Wednesday talks in Brussels to “keep the Russians honest” so there is full clarity about what has been discussed in Geneva.
NATO diplomats say the military alliance is ready to negotiate with Moscow on increasing openness around military drills and to avoid accidental clashes that could spark conflict, as well as arms control regarding missiles in Europe.
However, they also stress that many of Russia’s demands laid out in two European security draft treaties in December, are unacceptable.
The US and its allies have firmly rejected the key Russian demands on NATO enlargement and troop withdrawals from eastern European countries that joined the treaty after 1997 as “non-starters”.
Speaking to reporters on the eve of Wednesday NATO-Russia talks, US ambassador to NATO, Julianne Smith, set a tough tone for the next talks with Moscow, saying Russia would receive the same response from all members of the alliance.
“In our prior consultations and meetings with allies (…) it has become crystal clear that not a single ally inside the NATO alliance is willing to budge or negotiate anything as it relates to NATO’s open-door policy,” Smith said
“I cannot imagine any scenario where that is up for discussion,” she said adding: “We will not allow anyone to slam NATO’s open-door policy shut.”
NATO estimates Russia has massed about 100,000 troops near Ukraine, a build-up that has stoked fears of an invasion.
“Let’s be clear: Russian actions have precipitated this crisis. We are committed to using diplomacy to de-escalate the situation,” Smith told reporters on Tuesday evening.
“We want to see … Russia pulling back its forces,” she said of the Russian troops stationed near Ukraine.
Asked by reporters about scaling back NATO military activities in Eastern Europe, Smith said the alliance won’t pull back to its size as of two decades ago.
“I do not think anyone inside the NATO alliance is interested in going back in time to revisit an era where NATO looked a lot different than it does today – we are operating in today’s world,” Smith said.
Talks, however, could include a “discussion of reciprocal restrictions on exercises”, she said.
Broad themes of Wednesday’s talks would “risk reduction, transparency, arms control and various ways in which we communicate with each other – that is NATO and Russia.”
NATO allies are also expected to voice concerns over what they say are hybrid and cyberattacks, as well as electoral interference, on the EU and the US.
Russia’s chief negotiator played down chances of a breakthrough as Russian troops conduct live-fire exercise near Ukraine ahead of the talks with NATO.
“So far, let’s say we see no significant reason for optimism,” the Kremlin spokesman, Dmitry Peskov, told reporters, adding that Russia was looking for quick results and would assess the outcomes by the end of this week.
“There are no clear deadlines here, no one is setting them. There is just the Russian position that we will not be satisfied with the endless dragging out of this process,” Peskov said, as quoted by Russian news agencies.
Wednesday’s meeting is the second of three key engagements with Russia meant to defuse the growing threat posed by Russia to neighbouring Ukraine as Moscow amasses thousands of troops along the border.
On Thursday (13 January) the parties head to Vienna for a meeting of the permanent council of the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE).
With key disagreements remaining after roughly eight hours of talks in Geneva and Russia continuing to demand guarantees that NATO would abandon its open-door policy, US officials say they do not know yet whether Moscow is prepared to de-escalate the situation on Ukraine’s border and drew the prospect of a long-term timeline for future talks.
Kadri Liik, a senior policy fellow at the European Council on Foreign Relations, told EURACTIV the approaches followed by the US and Russia were fundamentally incompatible, with the US seeking to reduce the talks to technical arms control issues while Russia wanted to use them to redefine Europe’s whole security order.
“In Moscow’s view, the arms control agreements should follow the logic of the newly agreed order, not substitute for it,” Liik said.
Whatever the outcome of this week’s diplomacy, Liik said it would “likely shape Europe’s strategic landscape for many years to come”.
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Carnival Corporation & plc, Companies based in Doral, Florida, Companies based in Miami-Dade County, Florida, Companies based in Southampton, Transport companies established in 1972, Companies listed on the London Stock Exchange, Companies listed on the New York Stock Exchange, Companies of Panama, Cruise lines, Dual-listed companies, Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation Company, Shipping companies of the United Kingdom, Travel and holiday companies of the United Kingdom, Hidden categori... Carnival Corporation & plc (Carnival) is an American- British cruise company and the worlds largest cruise ship operator, with a combined fleet of over 100 vessels across 10 cruise line brands, with the fathom brand announced for launch in 2016. A dual listed company, Carnival is composed of two companies, Carnival Corporation and Carnival plc, which are combined and function as one entity, despite having separate listings on the New York and London stock exchanges respectively. As such, Carniva...
Miami International Mall is a shopping mall in Doral, Florida in western Metropolitan Miami, and so named because it is close to Miami International Airport. It has over 140 stores including anchors Macys, Kohls, JC Penney and Sears. The mall is only a half-mile away from the larger outlet mall, Dolphin Mall. Some of its 100+ stores include The Limited, Express, Victorias Secret, The Gap, RadioShack, Payless Shoesource, The Childrens Place, Hollister, and Bath and Body Works. It is managed and o...
Medley is a town in Miami-Dade County, Florida, United States. The community was named after its founder, Sylvester Medley. Located in the western part of the county, its primary tax base is industrial development, which is why the population is so small, and the town so dense. The town was founded in the 1940s. It is next to the city of Miami Springs and across the Miami River from Hialeah. The town is home to a Rinker plant, one of its largest businesses. Its also home to the Titan America Pen...
Florida National University, is a private university established as Florida International Institute in the city of Hialeah in Miami-Dade County in 1988. The student body is diverse, though primarily Hispanic. In January of 1993, the college received initial candidacy based on the Commission on CollegeпїЅs first visiting report. A second Commission on CollegesпїЅ Visiting Committee team evaluated the institution in 1995. Finally, in January of 1997, the Southern Association of Colleges and School...
Miami Springs is a city located in Miami-Dade County, Florida. The city was founded by Glenn Hammond Curtiss, The Father of Naval Aviation, and James Bright, during the famous land boom of the 1920s and was originally named Country Club Estates. It, along with other cities in Dade County such as Coral Gables, Florida and Opa-locka, Florida, formed some of the first planned communities in the state. Like its counterparts, the city had an intended theme which in its case, was to reflect a particul...
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Florida International University, Educational institutions established in 1965, Universities and colleges in Florida, Universities and colleges in Miami-Dade County, Florida, Universities and colleges in Broward County, Florida, Education in Miami, Florida, Universities and colleges accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools, Association of Public and Land-Grant Universities, 1965 establishments in Florida, Hidden categories:, All articles with dead external links, Articles w... Florida International University (FIU) is an American public research university in Greater Miami, Florida, in the United States, with its main campus in University Park in Miami-Dade County. Florida International University is classified as a research university with high research activity by the Carnegie Foundation and a first-tier research university by the Florida Legislature. Founded in 1965, FIU is the youngest university to be awarded a Phi Beta Kappa chapter by the Phi Beta Kappa Society...
The Florida International University College of Business, located in Miami, Florida in the United States is one of the universitys 26 schools and colleges and was founded in 1965. The college is split into two, separate schools, the Landon Undergraduate School of Business with over 7,000 students and the Chapman Graduate School of Business with close to 1,500 students, making the College of Business the most popular and largest professional college at Florida International University. FIUs Colle...
Airports in Florida, Airports in Miami-Dade County, Florida, Buildings and structures in Miami-Dade County, Florida, Transportation in Miami, Florida, Airports established in 1928, 1928 establishments in Florida, Hidden categories:, All articles with dead external links, Articles with dead external links from October 2010, Use mdy dates from May 2014, Coordinates on Wikidata, All articles with unsourced statements, Articles with unsourced statements from March 2010, Commons category with local l... Miami International Airport (IATA: MIA, ICAO: KMIA, FAA LID: MIA), also known as MIA and historically Wilcox Field, is the primary airport serving the Miami area, United States. The airport is in an unincorporated area in Miami-Dade County, Florida, eight miles (13 km) northwest of Downtown Miami, in metropolitan Miami, between the cities of Miami, Hialeah, Doral, Miami Springs, the village of Virginia Gardens, and the unincorporated Fontainebleau neighborhood. It is South Floridas main airport ...
FIU Arena (formerly known as Sunblazer Arena, Golden Panther Arena, Pharmed Arena, and U.S. Century Bank Arena) is a 5,000-seat multi-purpose arena at Florida International University in Miami, Florida. It was opened on February 1, 1986 and is home to the FIU Panthers basketball and volleyball teams. It was originally named Sunblazer Arena, but was renamed Golden Panther Arena when FIUs athletic teams changed their nickname from Sunblazers to Golden Panthers in 1987. It was renamed Pharmed Arena...
FIU Baseball Stadium formerly known as University Park Stadium is a baseball stadium located on the campus of Florida International University in Miami, Florida, USA. It is the home venue of the FIU Panthers college baseball team of the Division I Conference USA. The facility opened on January 26, 1996 with a 1-0 FIU victory against Bethune-Cookman and was built on the same site as its predecessor, which had stood since 1965 (albeit with a slightly differently angled field configuration). All-Am...
Alfonso Field at FIU Stadium (often shortened to FIU Stadium and known informally known as The Cage) is a college football stadium on the campus of Florida International University (FIU) in Miami, Florida and the home stadium of the FIU Panthers football team. The stadium opened in 1995, replacing nearby Tamiami Field, which was used as a recreational field by the university and local high school football teams. When FIU began its football program in 2002, FIU Stadium became the home venue for t...
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Burger King, Fast-food franchises, Bain Capital companies, Companies based in Miami, Florida, Companies listed on the New York Stock Exchange, Fast-food chains of the United States, Fast-food hamburger restaurants, Multinational food companies, Restaurants established in 1954, TPG Capital companies, Fast-food chains of Canada, Hidden categories:, Pages using duplicate arguments in template calls, All articles with dead external links, Articles with dead external links from May 2015, Articles wit... Burger King, often abbreviated as BK, is a global chain of hamburger fast food restaurants headquartered in unincorporated Miami-Dade County, Florida, United States. The company began in 1953 as Insta-Burger King, a Jacksonville, Florida-based restaurant chain. After Insta-Burger King ran into financial difficulties in 1954, its two Miami-based franchisees, David Edgerton and James McLamore, purchased the company and renamed it Burger King. Over the next half century, the company would change ha...
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Marist Brothers schools, Roman Catholic secondary schools in Florida, Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Miami, Private schools in Miami-Dade County, Florida, Boys schools in the United States, High schools in Miami-Dade County, Educational institutions established in 1958, 1958 establishments in Florida, Hidden categories:, Coordinates on Wikidata, Pages using infobox school with deprecated parameters, Commons category with local link same as on Wikidata, All articles with unsourced statements, Arti... Christopher Columbus High School is a private, Roman Catholic, college-preparatory high school, conducted by the Marist Brothers in the Westchester neighborhood of Miami Dade County, Florida. It was established in 1958 and was taken over by the Marist Brothers in 1959. It has over 100 teachers, administrators, faculty, staff, and an enrollment of 1,350 students. It was selected, for the fourth time in a row, as one of the Top 50 Catholic High Schools in the United States by the Catholic High Sch...
Defunct greyhound racing venues, Hialeah Park, Casinos in Florida, National Register of Historic Places in Miami-Dade County, Florida, Sports venues in Miami-Dade County, Florida, Visitor attractions in Miami-Dade County, Florida, Historic American Buildings Survey in Florida, Horse racing venues in the United States, Hidden categories:, Official website different in Wikidata and Wikipedia, Coordinates on Wikidata, Commons category template with no category set, Commons category without a link o... The Hialeah Park Race Track (also known as the Miami Jockey Club or Hialeah Race Track or Hialeah Park) is a historic racetrack in Hialeah, Florida. Its site covers 40 square blocks of central-east side Hialeah from Palm Avenue east to East 4th Avenue, and from East 22nd Street on the south to East 32nd Street on the north. On March 5, 1979, it was added to the U.S. National Register of Historic Places. Another listing for it was added in 1988. The Hialeah Park Race Track is served by the Miami ...
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Link to query each field of Wikipedia: Geolocated Wikipedia articles, downloaded 2015-08 near 4411 NW 97 CT, MIAMI, FLORIDA 33178
Article Title, in Wikipedia Doral, Florida
URL, of the Wikipedia article Doral,_Florida
Categories the item belongs to Cities in Miami-Dade County, Florida, Former census-designated places in Miami-Dade County, Florida, Venezuelan American, Cities in Florida, Former census-designated places in Florida, Cities in Miami metropolitan area, Hidden categories:, Articles needing additional references from May 2010, All articles needing additional references, Coordinates on Wikidata, All articles with unsourced statements, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2015, Articles with unsourced statements from March 2010,
P: First paragraph of the article Doral is a city located in Miami-Dade County, Florida, United States. Situated just northwest of Miami International Airport, the City takes its name from the Doral Golf Resort & Spa located within its municipal boundaries. As of 2013 the U.S. Census Bureau estimated Dorals population at 50,213.
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Home News & Event Events 2012 Announcement Press Conference Press Release
Announcement of The Shaw Laureates 2012
Tuesday, 29 May 2012. At today’s press conference in Hong Kong, The Shaw Prize Foundation announced the Shaw Laureates for 2012. Information was posted on the website www.shawprize.org at Hong Kong time 15:30 (GMT 07:30).
The Shaw Prize consists of three annual prizes: Astronomy, Life Science and Medicine, and Mathematical Sciences, each bearing a monetary award of one million US dollars. This will be the ninth year that the Prize has been awarded and the presentation ceremony is scheduled for Monday, 17 September 2012.
The Shaw Laureates
The Shaw Prize in Astronomy
Awarded in equal shares to Professor David C Jewitt, Professor of Astronomy and Director of Institute for Planets and Exoplanets, University of California, Los Angeles, USA and Professor Jane Luu, Technical Staff of Lincoln Laboratory at Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA for their discovery and characterization of trans-Neptunian bodies, an archeological treasure dating back to the formation of the solar system and the long-sought source of short period comets.
■ Press Release on The Prize in Astronomy
The Shaw Prize in Life Science and Medicine
Awarded in equal shares to Professor Franz-Ulrich Hartl, Director, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany and Professor Arthur L Horwich, Sterling Professor of Genetics, Yale University, USA for their contributions to the understanding of the molecular mechanism of protein folding. Proper protein folding is essential for many cellular functions.
■ Press Release on The Prize in Life Science and Medicine
The Shaw Prize in Mathematical Sciences
Awarded to Professor Maxim Kontsevich, Permanent Professor at l’Institut des Hautes Études Scientifiques, France for his pioneering works in algebra, geometry and mathematical physics and in particular deformation quantization, motivic integration and mirror symmetry.
■ Press Release on The Prize in Mathematical Sciences
29 May 2012 Hong Kong
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2018 Mclaren 570s
Coupe, Spider
225/35ZR19/XL (88Y)(Front)285/35ZR20/XL (104Y)(Rear)
The ratio of the height of the tire's cross-section to it's width. means that the height is equal to % of the tire's width.
The indicates that this tire size's sidewall height (from rim to tread) is 50% of its width. The measurement is the tire's section height, and also referred to as the tire's series, profile or aspect ratio. The higher the number, the taller the sidewall. The lower the number, the lower the sidewall. We know that this tire size's section width is mm and that its section height is 50% of mm. By converting the mm to inches ( / 25.4 = NaN") and multiplying it by 50% (.50) we confirm that this tire size results in a tire section height of NaN".
. The R in the size identifies that the tire has a radial construction in which the tire's plies "radiate" out from the center of the wheel. Radial tires are by far the most popular type of tire today representing over 98% of all tires sold.
If the R in the size was replaced with a D (), it would identify that the internal tire body plies crisscross on a diagonal and that the tire has a "bias ply" construction. Tires using this construction are for light truck and spare tire applications.
" wheel
The indicates the tire and wheel diameter designed to be matched together.
Tires that have a rim diameter expressed in inches (, as well as 8, 10, 12, 13, 14,15, 17, 18, 19, 20, 22, 23, 24, 26 and 28) are called "inch rim" sizes. These are the most common types of tire sizes and are used on most cars, minivans, vans, sport utility vehicles and light duty light trucks.
Today, the only tires that continue to include the speed rating "in" the tire size () are Z-speed rated tires. In this case, following the two digits used to identify the aspect ratio are the letters ZR to identify the tire's speed rating (Z) and its internal construction (R). Since 1991, all other speed ratings are identified in the tire's Service Description.
McLaren Racing Limited, competing as McLaren Honda, is a British Formula One team based at the McLaren Technology Centre, Woking, Surrey, England. McLaren is best known as a Formula One constructor but has also competed in and won the Indianapolis 500 and the Canadian-American Challenge Cup (Can-Am). The team is the second oldest active team after Ferrari. They are one of the most successful teams in Formula One history, having won 182 races, 12 drivers' championships and eight constructors' championships. The team is a wholly owned subsidiary of McLaren Technology Group.
Founded in 1963 by New Zealander Bruce McLaren, the team won its first Grand Prix at the 1968 Belgian Grand Prix, but their greatest initial success was in Can-Am, where they dominated from 1967 to 1971. Further American triumph followed, with Indianapolis 500 wins in McLaren cars for Mark Donohue in 1972 and Johnny Rutherford in 1974 and 1976. After Bruce McLaren died in a testing accident in 1970, Teddy Mayer took over and led the team to their first Formula One constructors' championship in 1974, with Emerson Fittipaldi and James Hunt winning the drivers' championship in 1974 and 1976, respectively; 1974 also marked the start of a long-standing sponsorship by Phillip Morris' Marlboro cigarette brand.
In 1981, McLaren merged with Ron Dennis' Project Four Racing; Dennis took over as team principal and shortly after organised a buyout of the original McLaren shareholders to take full control of the team. This began the team's most successful era: with Porsche and Honda engines, Niki Lauda, Alain Prost, and Ayrton Senna took between them seven drivers' championships and McLaren six constructors' championships. The combination of Prost and Senna was particularly dominant—together they won all but one race in 1988—but later their rivalry soured and Prost left for Ferrari. Fellow English team Williams offered the most consistent challenge during this period, the two winning every constructors' title between 1984 and 1994. However, by the mid-1990s, Honda had withdrawn from Formula One, Senna had moved to Williams, and the team went three seasons without a win. With Mercedes-Benz engines, West sponsorship, and former Williams designer Adrian Newey, further championships came in 1998 and 1999 with driver Mika Häkkinen and during the 2000s the team were consistent front-runners, driver Lewis Hamilton taking their latest title in 2008.
Ron Dennis retired as McLaren team principal in 2009, handing the former role to longtime McLaren employee Martin Whitmarsh. At the end of 2013, after the team's worst season since 2004, Whitmarsh was ousted. McLaren announced in 2013 that they would be using Honda engines from 2015 onwards, replacing Mercedes-Benz. The team raced as McLaren-Honda for the first time since 1992 at the 2015 Australian Grand Prix. In September 2017, McLaren announced they have agreed an engine supply with Renault Sport for the 2018, 2019 and 2020 seasons.
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Rainbow in the Dark: The Biography of Ronnie James Dio
(A Review)
Right. I’ve been waiting a long time for this one. Nearly ten years, to be precise. Why so long, you ask? Apparently, Wendy Dio has taken quite a while coming to terms with the death of her former husband and co-author. Still, it’s been well worth the wait.
The consummate skills of Mick Wall have been employed to bring this biography to life. He is long-time friend of the Dios and author of acclaimed rock biographies such as ‘When Gods walked the Earth,’ and ‘Two Riders Were Approaching,’ (Led Zeppelin and Jimi Hendrix respectively.) As such, the prose is more straightforward and less surreal compared with the Led Zep bio, for example. The result is an impeccable narrative and Mr Wall brings Ronald Padavona’s story to life with great warmth and skill. The rough edges of RJD’s character are not glossed over, but are seen in the context of the singer’s relentless drive and ambition. He demanded much of himself, and of those around him.
As a longstanding devotee of Dio (ever since the late seventies,) the prospect of getting the authorised inside story to his remarkable career was long anticipated. I devoured the book in a couple of days and hardly stopped for breath. To be clear, this volume represents the first part of his life-story, up to his appearance at Madison Square Gardens during the mid-eighties – the pinnacle of his career, as he describes it. Will there be a part two? I certainly hope so.
I was pleased to see holes filled in RJD’s history that are not presented (to my knowledge) in any interview I’ve listened to or read before. So, you get a unique insight into his early years, and how he came to possess such a remarkable voice. This was, no doubt, partly due to genetics, but also learning how to breathe properly through four years perfecting his technique on the trumpet. The result was a lion’s roar of a voice that stood the test of time right up to the date of an untimely death in his late sixties.
Additional perspectives are gained from his side of the story regarding break-ups with Ritchie Blackmore, Tony Iommi and Vivian Campbell. What’s more, the reader gets the lowdown on that famed séance at the Chateau d’Herouville, where Rainbow recorded Long Live Rock n’ Roll, and allegedly witnessed the appearance of Baal.
There are other novel descriptions of Dio’s song writing and lyrical approach, re-inforcing my notion that his words can be interpreted in many different ways. Throughout it all, Dio’s voice, stage presence, attitude to life, philosophy and generous personality are revealed.
Dio hardly mentions his first wife. It would seem he was primarily married to the music – no surprise there! However, the relationship with his wife/manager, Wendy Dio, is laid out in great detail. There are segments written by Wendy herself, that add to, rather than detract from the story. As for pictures, ,some new ones are included from the Dio estate, along with others Dio fans will have seen elsewhere.
It doesn’t explicitly state that proceeds from the book go towards Dio’s Stand Up and Shout Cancer fund, but I wouldn’t be surprised if the charity benefits. It’s already raised over $2 million in the last ten years.
Rainbow in the Dark is not so much a rags-to-riches biography as a small beginnings-to- colossal musical achievements epic. Should you buy it? Absolutely. No Dio fan will be disappointed by this book. The Lion that is Dio will roar forever, so ride the tiger and enjoy!
PreviousEmbryology of a story #2 (The Egg Develops)NextEmbryology of a story #3
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How Can TikTok Be Used in the Classroom?
TikTok in the classroom doesn't have to be a distraction that gets banned when it can actually be a useful tool in helping reach and engage with students on a deeper and more meaningful level. The music video-making social media app is free to use, easily accessible for students, and can be a powerfully creative tool in the teaching toolbox.
While the social media side of TikTok, which is open to the interwebs, needs to be kept in check (more on that below), the video creation side of the app is really useful. Creating a teacher account on TikTok can be a great way to engage, reward, and entertain students inside and outside of the classroom. It's also a great way for teachers to connect with one another, sharing tips, tricks, and hacks.
What is TikTok?TikTok is a social media app, created and owned by Chinese company ByteDance. It allows people to create and edit videos of three to 15 seconds, or string together videos of up to 60 seconds. However, this is only when recorded within the app – if you upload from another source, videos can be longer. The platform is built to make music videos, lip-sync, dance, and comedy shorts, but it really lets you do anything you need, and is easy to use.
Access to content can be limited to a select group of friends or family, or in this case, to the classroom students and teacher only. So students and teachers can enjoy creating videos without the concerns that they will be viewed by a wider audience.
Teachers are using TikTok as a way to set digital assignments. A very useful feature in the classroom, but even more so for remote learning and home-based assignments. These videos can be created by individuals or as group-based tasks.
The idea is to promote the use of the app to carry out an assignment, which engages students on a platform they can relate to and encourages them to understand concepts and in group scenarios, and helps with peer-to-peer teaching.
From creating videos in lieu of written assignments to making videos as part of a presentation – the creative ways to use this platform are many. The key is for teachers to keep an eye on students to make sure they're focused on the task at hand while using their devices.
One top tip is to make sure the "duet" function is turned off, so others can't make fun of a video, which is a form of digital bullying that has been recognized already.
Here are some great suggestions of ways to use TikTok in the classroom and beyond.
Create a school-wide platform
One of the great appeals of TikTok is its social media platform style, which allows students to become "influencers." By creating a schoolwide, or even districtwide, group it encourages students to engage in the community.
For example, have students create videos about upcoming sports events, musical and dramatic productions, science fairs, dances, and other happenings. This not only promotes the events within the school but can showcase what the school is doing on a districtwide platform. Other schools can also get and share ideas, all while engaging students and encouraging their creativity.
Create a final project
Using TikTok to create a final project allows students to showcase what they've been working on, either individually or as a group. For example, divide students into groups and have each one take a movie-type role, from acting and filming to script writing and directing. The end result could be a production that's far more impressive than a single student might be able to manage alone.
Teach a lesson with TikTok
TikTok lesson plans are popular now as a way to help students engage in and beyond the classroom. For a history class, as an example, students can create 15-second video clips that succinctly summarize key points learned on a topic.
This helps students to condense and simplify their thoughts, making the lesson easy to remember. But since these can be shared, it also means other students can learn from their videos. When going over a subject, before setting the task of creating these videos, it can be helpful to play some other examples already created by students using TikTok.
Explain lessons using TikTok
Teachers can also use TikTok to create short videos on specific subjects that students can watch. This is great for explaining lesson concepts. Not only does it mean a short and to the point video, but one that can be watched multiple times so students are able to revisit the guidance when working on the task.
These videos are also great for highlighting key points from a lesson, as an after-class resource that students can view from home to help reinforce any points made in the lesson. Students also don't need to be distracted by taking notes when they know these videos will be available afterward, allowing them to concentrate more in the moment so ideas are assimilated more consciously.
Use TikTok to compare and contrast
By using TikTok in the classroom, students can enjoy the app while learning. Teach a topic and then have students create videos which compare and contrast the points made.
This allows the information to sink in while also letting them explore the various sides to the point. This may lead to questions that help them explore further and ensure they understand what is being taught.
How to embed a TikTok on a webpage
TikTok might be a smartphone-based platform, primarily, but that doesn't mean it can't be shared using other mediums – including webpages. It's relatively easy to embed a TikTok so it can be shared on a website to be viewed via any device.
To do this, on a WordPress website or similar, you have three options: use a block editor, add a widget, or use a plugin.
For block editor, open the TikTok video you wish to share from within the app and tap Share, then Copy Link. Paste this link into your browser and select the video to bring up the player. On the right is an Embed button -- select this, copy the code, and now paste this code into the webpage you're using.
For widgets, copy the URL of the TikTok video, go to WordPress, and select Appearance Widgets and the "+" icon, followed by the TikTok option. Paste the video URL into that text area and save the changes.
For a plugin, you'll need to activate this feature by going to WordPress and selecting the Plugins option then Add New and then the WP TikTok Feed. Click the Install Now option then Activate when ready. Now you can go to TikTok Feed, then Feeds, and select the "+Feed" button. Here you can add using a TikTok hashtag. Pick the video and copy the video, via the "+" icon and "shortcode" selection, to paste into your post.
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I Am Not Nostradamus
Ken Ashford December 31, 2007 Random MusingsLeave a Comment
My 2007 predictions from last year (see this earlier post, dated December 26, 2006):
The Red Sox will not win the World Series. This may not be a startling prediction, but it does serve a function: to prevent me from getting my hopes up.
Wrong. Happily, wrong.
The Patriots will not win the Super Bowl.
I was right (I was talking about last season, not this one).
The situation in Iraq — particularly the U.S. troop levels will remain more or less the same, unless it doesn’t. We’ll see a lot of news about involving "temporary" increases and decreases in deployment of troops, but it will more-or-less be the same.
Well, I guess I was wrong. The "surge" and all. Still, I think it is "more or less" the same.
The Bush Administration will do an about face on global warming. Many, however, will wonder if it is just talk or if they are actually prepared to do something about it.
Dick Cheney will have a heart attack, and resign from office. Elizabeth Dole will be replaced as Vice President.
Wrong. But he did have a heart fibrulation or something, right?
Second Life will surge in popularity, eclipsing even MySpace.
I think Second Life surged a but, but it didn’t eclipse MySpace.
The "silly season" that will eventually become the 2008 Presidential Election will unofficially kickoff in December 2007. (The Iowa Caucus actually is in January 2008).
Nope. It started much earlier.
Joe Biden will announce his run for the presidency, but give up before the end of the year when he doesn’t raise enough money. Nobody will notice, or even care.
Half right.
Rudy Guiliani will announce and drop out as well, due to his inability to get past questions regarding his personal life.
Half wrong.
Despite far more important news, the entire nation/media will become obsessed with some Terri Schiavo-like story during the summer. It will not be a missing blonde white girl, nor will it involve a celebrity. But it will involve a single person and will spark a national debate. Like — I’ll go on a limb here — the kidnapping of an abortion doctor.
Ummmm….not really.
We’ll also put up with a couple of weeks in May/June where there will seem to be a rash of school shootings a la Columbine.
Nope, not really.
No terrorist attacks in the United States (thank God), although our embassies will be bombed in places not in the Middle East. (I’m thinking Phillipines).
A major plane crash in some Midwest city. This will not be one of your run-of the-mill crashes at an airport, but something right in the heart of a major city.
Corporate scandals on the upsurge again, starting with Apple Computer. The Dow’s surge upward is anemic at best.
Well, maybe the subprime mess. Nah. Not really. Wrong again.
Although cloned food has been deemed to be perfectly healthy and safe, many will still be nervous about it, and demand that cloned meats and veggies be labeled as such.
Unexpected celebrity deaths: Abe Vigoda (okay, it’s not that unexpected), Carol Burnett (car accident), Macauley Culkin (drug overdose), Paul Simon, Roslynn Carter (complications from stroke), James Garner (heart attack) and several drummers from various 1990’s bands. One of the cast members of Friends will be shot in a restaurant by a deranged fan, starting a national discussion (again) on celebrity stalking. Reese Witherspoon will get in a near-fatal car accident and have a leg or arm amputated.
Unbelieveably monsterously hideously wrong.
The next winner on American Idol will be a Spanish/Mexican woman from the West Coast, probably Washington.
Not bad prognostication here. Jordin Sparks (from Arizona) won. She’s female, but not hispanic. The runner-up, Blake Lewis, was from Washington.
"You’re The One That I Want" will start off well in the ratings, and then tank. I’ll still be watching. By the way, the Broadway show revival of Grease (the grand prize) will suck at levels of suckitude heretofore unknown in theatrical history.
The Academy Award for Best Picture of 2007 (which will be handed out in 2008) will have the name of an animal in the title.
Doubtful I got this right. Unless Spiderman 3 gets an unexpected nod.
"24" and "Lost" will be cancelled when ratings fall off, as people get bored of the concept. Science fiction/space shows will make a comeback.
Wrong on all counts.
Bell bottoms make (yet another) comeback, although this time their renaissance isn’t confined to jeans.
Um, wrong?
UPDATE: Speaking of prognostication, how about this guy, who wrote on September 17, 2007:
It’s why, absent catastrophic injury, New England can win every football game it plays this season.
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Interview: Ricardo de la Riva on Competing, Women & Teams
Continuing our interview with Ricardo de la Riva (the first part is here), this week he talks about competing, women and the importance of training outside your own team. Sections of this interview appeared in Issue #004 of Jiu Jitsu Style and are reprinted with the kind permission of the editor.
ARTEMIS BJJ: I can remember in other interviews you’ve said that during your first competition as a black belt, you fought in both your weight and the absolute, beating Royce and Rolker Gracie along the way. How important do you think it is for smaller fighters to compete in the absolute as well as at their weight?
RICARDO DE LA RIVA: It is always a bit risky to fight in the absolute, in case you get injured. So some fighters, they are quite tactical, they are not going to fight in the absolute because they might get injured and then not be able to fight in their own category.
But if you feel you can do the absolute, why not? If you think you’re fit enough, you’ve trained hard enough, if you think you have a chance, why not?
ARTEMIS BJJ: Is that something that has helped you, competing in the absolute?
RICARDO DE LA RIVA: To be honest, I only fought once in the absolute: that first competition was the only time, and I won. In Carlson’s team, everyone was very big, heavy, strong. But in this competition alone, there was nobody my own size, so I had to go and fight the big guys as well. That was the only time.
ARTEMIS BJJ: Ah, so it is not something you would do much yourself, but you’d recommend other people try it, if they’re smaller?
RICARDO DE LA RIVA: Yes, if they’re fit enough and prepared. But that is not something I did, because there were normally so many people in my own category. I felt it wasn’t necessary for me to do the absolute, it wasn’t needed.
ARTEMIS BJJ: Back when you started your training, do you remember many women training as well, or was that unusual?
RICARDO DE LA RIVA: When I started to teach, I was teaching a group of fifteen year old girls, about fifteen of them. There was a time allocated just for girls at the academy. The difference now, even at my own academy, is that the girls are mixing with the boys. Previously they were a bit embarrassed or reluctant to join in with the boys, but now they are all in the same class. They are more confident. The girls are very keen to train, so have no problem training with the boys.
Jiu jitsu is very good for women, as it is a technical game. They benefit from it: it is good for the mind, the body. The moves don’t require much strength. You just have to relax a little bit, because sometimes when you walk up to a class, there are twenty men and only one woman. If they can overcome this first hurdle of sometimes being the only girl on the mat, then their jiu jitsu can really take off.
ARTEMIS BJJ: Did many of those fifteen year old girls that you taught continue in the sport, maybe up to black belt?
RICARDO DE LA RIVA: I have a number of students who went off to have families, but they came back. Some have achieved brown belt, purple belt, and there are also many beginners. Remember, Rio is a very sporty city, very active. To practice a sport like jiu jitsu is common. Everybody wants to be in shape, due to the beach, so both boys and girls are very active in sports.
ARTEMIS BJJ: For some time, I and various others have been trying to establish who the first female Brazilian jiu jitsu black belt was. The top contenders at the moment are Karla Gracie, Patricia Lage, and possibly Kim Gracie. There is also somebody who is apparently from your lineage, Carmem Casca Grossa. Do you have any thoughts on who it might have been?
[Note: BJJ Heroes has managed to finally answer that question, identifying Yvone Duarte as the first]
RICARDO DE LA RIVA: It definitely wasn’t Carmem Casca Grossa, she trains with me now, and may have got the black belt four or five years ago. There are other women who have got the black belt beforehand, but I’m not too sure who it may have been. Karla or Kim are a possibility, but I’m not sure.
There wasn’t any competition for women then, you see. It is a fairly recent thing, women competing. Thirty years ago, there were no women competing, so it is hard to know who the first women black belt was due to that. The women have a different weight category. So it is hard to really determine.
ARTEMIS BJJ: In judo, athletes fight for their country. What do you think are the good and bad things about the way BJJ is instead structured around teams, like Carlson, Gracie Barra, Alliance etc?
RICARDO DE LA RIVA: The disadvantage to this way is a ‘silent treatment’ that is very deeply rooted in jiu jitsu. You fight for your own academy. The down side of this, fighting for your own academy, you don’t get to know other games.
In the past, it was very, very serious. You would not be invited to go visit another academy. If you did, you would really suffer. You would not be welcomed: you would really have bad times, my friend! Everybody would frown at you, really want to have a go at you, solely because you’re from another academy.
The problem is that means you don’t get to fight with different people, to try different games. It is still deeply rooted, but it is getting better. So many foreigners come and train now, you have to look after them. It doesn’t matter where they train in their own country. I want to show my jiu jitsu, I want them to taste what my academy is like. Regardless whether they like it or not, they can have a go. At my academy, there is no politics.
The academy itself, you’re very patriotic about your academy. The country is a bit irrelevant: the flag is your academy. If I was Brazil, Carlson Gracie was Spain, it doesn’t matter. The ‘country flag’ is the logo of the academy you fight for, although of course I would be happy to fight for Brazil if that was an option.
Nowadays in some tournaments, regardless of who won, they take the Brazilians against the Spanish against the Americans, so they have teams fighting against other countries. So that’s starting to happen as well. This is very interesting.
ARTEMIS BJJ: People come to your academy from around the world to train with you, like Nick Brooks. So based on what you said above, presumably you think it is important for students to experience other teaching styles and training partners outside of their home academy?
RICARDO DE LA RIVA: It is good to see different styles, but ultimately people will come back to where they feel most welcome, most comfortable, where they feel they’re learning the most. My black belt student who came with me to England has been with me for twenty years. He did try going to other academies, but he ultimately came back to my academy.
It is like when you go on holiday. You try out various restaurants, you eat out in many places, but ultimately you’ll come back to the one you enjoy the most. In Copacabana, you have about fifteen or twenty different academies. If you want to go and try them all out, see their different styles, teaching, the atmosphere, why not? But you will eventually come back to the one that you belong to.
ARTEMIS BJJ: So you would encourage students to check out other places?
RICARDO DE LA RIVA: Of course, they should. Especially if they know people from other academies, they have friends training there. It is not like you are knocking on the door and challenging the instructor, as that isn’t very polite. But if you have friends who train in other academies, you should train with them.
It is not difficult to have friends in Rio who train in other academies. In the range of Copacabana, you are bound to know someone, who might invite you to train with them.
ARTEMIS BJJ: As we wrap things up, is there anything you’d like to say to the readers of this interview?
RICARDO DE LA RIVA: You can’t just be a dreamer. You have to believe in your dream. You have to really strive to reach your dream, with respect, dedication and humility. There are many aspects to success and achieving your dream. This triad, respect, dedication and humility, is what my family taught me, what jiu jitsu taught me and what I’d like to pass on to the readers.
I always respect my opponents, I’ve always been humble with my game, I’ve always worked really hard, staying humble along the way. It pays off. I learned that from my family, but jiu jitsu taught it to me too. Some days, you are at the top of your game, some days you are not so good, but keep persisting, keep working hard, with dedication, respect and humility. That transfers to your life outside the academy.
Photos by Seymour Yang and translation by David Soares. ‘Like’ the Artemis BJJ Facebook group to be notified about future interviews: for the archive, go here
Ricardo de la Riva
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