chunk_12.csv

audio,transcription,file_name
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ018-0364.wav,"It will be remembered that she made a statement which led to the empaneling of a jury of matrons, who decided that there was no cause for an arrest of judgment.",LJ018-0364.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ018-0365.wav,Kate Webster followed the same course; but these pleas of pregnancy are not common now-a-days.,LJ018-0365.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ018-0366.wav,"Although sentence of death was passed on Edmunds, it was commuted to penal servitude for life;",LJ018-0366.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ018-0367.wav,"but she eventually passed into Broadmoor Lunatic Asylum, where she busies herself with watercolor drawing.",LJ018-0367.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ018-0368.wav,The still more recent cases of poisoning which have occurred were not connected with Newgate.,LJ018-0368.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ018-0369.wav,"The mysterious Bravo case, that of Dr. Lamson, and that of Kate Dover",LJ018-0369.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ018-0370.wav,unhappily show that society is more than ever at the mercy of the insidious and unscrupulous administration of poisonous drugs.,LJ018-0370.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ018-0371.wav,"A case reproducing many of the features of the 'Flowery Land' occurred twelve years later, when the crew of the 'Lennie'",LJ018-0371.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ018-0372.wav,"mutinied, murdered the captain and mates, sparing the steward only on condition that he would navigate the ship to the Mediterranean.",LJ018-0372.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ018-0373.wav,The mutineers were of the same stamp as the crew of the 'Flowery Land',LJ018-0373.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ018-0374.wav,"foreigners, vindictive, reckless, and truculent ruffians, easily moved to murderous rage.",LJ018-0374.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ018-0375.wav,"The 'Lennie's' men were all Greeks, except one known as French Peter,",LJ018-0375.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ018-0376.wav,"who was the ringleader, and who had long been an habitual criminal, a reputed murderer, and certainly an inmate more than once of a French bagne.",LJ018-0376.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ018-0377.wav,Conviction was obtained through the evidence of the steward and two of the least culpable of the crew.,LJ018-0377.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ018-0378.wav,In Newgate the 'Lennie' mutineers were extremely well behaved.,LJ018-0378.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ018-0379.wav,"Resolute, determined-looking men, their courage broke down in confinement.",LJ018-0379.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ018-0380.wav,"They paid close attention to the counsels of the archimandrite, and died quite penitent. A story is told of one of them, ""Big Harry,""",LJ018-0380.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ018-0381.wav,"the wildest and most cut-throat looking of the lot, which proves that he could be grateful for kindness, and was not all bad.",LJ018-0381.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ018-0382.wav,"He had steadfastly refused to eat meat on some religions scruples, and for the same reason would not touch soup.",LJ018-0382.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ018-0383.wav,"He was glad, therefore, to get an extra allowance of bread,",LJ018-0383.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ018-0384.wav,"and to show his gratitude to the warder who procured this privilege for him, he made him a present.",LJ018-0384.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ018-0385.wav,It was his own handiwork -- a bird pecking at a flower;,LJ018-0385.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ018-0386.wav,the whole manufactured while in the condemned cell of the crumb of bread made into paste.,LJ018-0386.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ018-0387.wav,"The flower had berries also of bread fixed on stems made from the fiber drawn from the stuffing of his mattress,",LJ018-0387.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ018-0388.wav,and the bird's legs were a couple of teeth broken off the prisoner's comb.,LJ018-0388.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ018-0389.wav,"Of the lesser criminals, forgers, thieves, swindlers, Newgate continued to receive its full share up to the last.",LJ018-0389.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ018-0390.wav,But there were few cases so remarkable as the great ones already recorded.,LJ018-0390.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ018-0391.wav,"Mr. Bamell Oakley made a rich harvest for a time, and was said at the time of his trial",LJ018-0391.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ018-0392.wav,"to have obtained as much as £40,000 by false and fraudulent pretenses.",LJ018-0392.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ018-0393.wav,"Messrs. Swindlehurst, Saffery, and Langley cleared a large profit",LJ018-0393.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ018-0394.wav,by swindling the Artisans' Dwellings Company; and Madame Rachel passed through Newgate on her way to Millbank,LJ018-0394.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ018-0395.wav,"convicted of obtaining jewelery under the false pretense of making silly women ""beautiful for ever.""",LJ018-0395.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ018-0396.wav,"The greatest causes célèbre, however, of recent times were the turf frauds by which the Comtesse de Goncourt was swindled",LJ018-0396.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ018-0397.wav,"out of large sums in sham sporting speculations. The conviction of the principals in this nefarious transaction,",LJ018-0397.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ018-0398.wav,"Benson, the two Kurrs, Bale, and Murray, led to strange revelations of dishonest practices amongst the detective police,",LJ018-0398.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0001.wav,"The Chronicles of Newgate, Volume 2. By Arthur Griffiths. Section 22. Newgate Reformed.",LJ019-0001.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0002.wav,The time at length approached when a radical and complete change was to come over the old city jail.,LJ019-0002.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0003.wav,It was impossible for Newgate to escape for ever the influences pressing so strongly towards prison reform.,LJ019-0003.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0004.wav,"Elsewhere the spirit had been more or less active, although not uniformly or always to the same extent.",LJ019-0004.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0005.wav,"There had been a pause in legislation, except of a permissive kind. The 2nd and 3rd Victoria, cap. 56",LJ019-0005.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0006.wav,laid it down that individuals might be confined separately and apart in single cells.,LJ019-0006.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0007.wav,By other acts local authorities were empowered to construct new jails or hire accommodation in the district;,LJ019-0007.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0008.wav,"but no steps had been taken in Parliament to enforce a better system of discipline,",LJ019-0008.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0009.wav,or to insist upon the construction of prisons on the most approved plan.,LJ019-0009.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0010.wav,"As regards the first, however, Sir James Graham, when Home Secretary in 1843,",LJ019-0010.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0011.wav,"had appointed a committee of prison inspectors, presided over by the Under Secretary of State, to draw up rules and dietaries,",LJ019-0011.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0012.wav,which were then recommended to and generally adopted by the visiting justices all over the kingdom.,LJ019-0012.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0013.wav,"As regards the second, the Government had set a good example, and in deciding upon the erection of Pentonville prison",LJ019-0013.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0014.wav,had embarked on a considerable expenditure in order to provide a model prison for general imitation.,LJ019-0014.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0015.wav,"The first stone of Pentonville prison was laid on the 10th April, 1840, by the Marquis of Normanby,",LJ019-0015.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0016.wav,"then Home Secretary, and the prison, which contained five hundred and twenty cells, was occupied on the 21st December, 1842.",LJ019-0016.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0017.wav,"This building was a costly affair. The site was uneven, and had to be leveled;",LJ019-0017.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0018.wav,"moreover, the gross expenditure was increased ""partly from its being considered necessary, as it was a national prison,",LJ019-0018.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0019.wav,"to make a great archway, and to make the character of it more imposing than if it had been situated in the country, and had been an ordinary prison.",LJ019-0019.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0020.wav,"Up to the 21st December, 1842,",LJ019-0020.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0021.wav,"with the additions made to that date, the total expenditure amounted to nearly £90,000, or about £180 per cell.",LJ019-0021.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0022.wav,"On the other hand, it must be admitted",LJ019-0022.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0023.wav,"that this was an experimental construction, and that too strict a limitation of outlay would have militated seriously against the usefulness of the building.",LJ019-0023.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0024.wav,"Nor must it be overlooked that this, the first model prison, although obtained at a considerable cost, became actually what its name implied.",LJ019-0024.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0025.wav,"Pentonville has really been the model on which all subsequent prison construction has been based. All prisons at home and abroad are but variations,",LJ019-0025.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0026.wav,"of course with the added improvements following longer experience, of the pattern originated by the architectural genius of Sir Joshua Jebb.",LJ019-0026.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0027.wav,"The internal arrangements of the new model were carefully supervised by a body of distinguished men, among which were many peers, Lord John Russell,",LJ019-0027.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0028.wav,"Mr. Shaw-Lefevre, the Speaker of the House of Commons, Sir Benjamin Brodie,",LJ019-0028.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0029.wav,"Major Jebb, R.E., and the two prison inspectors, Messrs. Crawford and Russell, with whose names the reader is already familiar.",LJ019-0029.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0030.wav,"Major, afterwards Sir Joshua Jebb,",LJ019-0030.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0031.wav,"was the moving spirit among these commissioners, and he is now generally recognized as the originator of modern prison architecture.",LJ019-0031.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0032.wav,The movement thus laudably initiated by the Government soon spread to the provinces.,LJ019-0032.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0033.wav,"Some jurisdictions, greatly to their credit, strove at once to follow the lead of the central authority.",LJ019-0033.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0034.wav,"Within half-a-dozen years no less than fifty-four new prisons were built on the Pentonville plan, others were in progress,",LJ019-0034.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0035.wav,and the total number of separate cells provided amounted to eleven thousand odd.,LJ019-0035.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0036.wav,"This list included Wakefield, Leeds, Kirkdale, Manchester, Birmingham, and Dublin.",LJ019-0036.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0037.wav,"Liverpool was building a new prison with a thousand cells, the county of Surrey one with seven hundred.",LJ019-0037.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0038.wav,"The cost in each varied considerably, the general average being from £120 to £130 per cell.",LJ019-0038.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0039.wav,"At Pentonville the rate was higher, but there the expense had been increased by the site,",LJ019-0039.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0040.wav,"the difficulty of access, and the admitted necessity of giving architectural importance to this the national model prison.",LJ019-0040.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0041.wav,"Other jurisdictions were less prompt to recognize their responsibilities, the city of London among the number, as I shall presently show at length.",LJ019-0041.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0042.wav,"These were either satisfied with a makeshift, and modified existing buildings, without close regard to their suitability, or for a long time did nothing at all.",LJ019-0042.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0043.wav,"Among the latter were notably the counties of Cheshire, Lincolnshire, Norfolk, Suffolk, Nottinghamshire, the East and North Ridings of Yorkshire.",LJ019-0043.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0044.wav,"The south and west of England were also very laggard, and many years were still to elapse before the prisons in these parts were properly reconstituted.",LJ019-0044.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0045.wav,Not less remarkable than this diverse interpretation of a manifest duty,LJ019-0045.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0046.wav,was the variety of views as regards the discipline to be introduced in these new prisons. The time was one,LJ019-0046.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0047.wav,when thoughtful people who concerned themselves closely with social questions were greatly exercised as to the best system of treating the inmates of a jail.,LJ019-0047.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0048.wav,"A new and still imperfectly understood science had arisen,",LJ019-0048.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0049.wav,the principles of which were debated by disputants of widely opposite opinions with an earnestness that sometimes bordered upon acrimony.,LJ019-0049.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0050.wav,"One school were strongly in favor of the continuous separation of prisoners,",LJ019-0050.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0051.wav,"the other supported the theory of labor in association, but under a stringent rule of silence, with isolation only at night.",LJ019-0051.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0052.wav,"Both systems came to us from the United States. The difference was really more in degree than in principle,",LJ019-0052.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0053.wav,"and our modern practice has prudently tried to steer between the two extremes, accepting as the best system a judicious combination of both.",LJ019-0053.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0054.wav,"But about 1850 the two sides were distinctly hostile, and the controversy ran high.",LJ019-0054.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0055.wav,High authorities were in favor of continuous separation.,LJ019-0055.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0056.wav,Colonel Jebb preferred it; Messrs. Crawford and Whitworth Russell were convinced that the complete isolation of criminals from one another,LJ019-0056.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0057.wav,was the true basis of a sound system of prison discipline.,LJ019-0057.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0058.wav,"Prison chaplains of experience and high repute, such as Messrs. Field, Clay, Kingsmill, Burt, and Osborne, also advocated it.",LJ019-0058.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0059.wav,It was claimed for it that it was more deterrent;,LJ019-0059.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0060.wav,"that in districts where it was the rule, evil-doers especially dreaded coming under its irksome conditions.",LJ019-0060.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0061.wav,"Another argument was, that it afforded more hope of the reformation of criminals.",LJ019-0061.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0062.wav,"The system of associated labor in silence had also its warm supporters,",LJ019-0062.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0063.wav,who maintained that under this system prisoners were more industrious and more healthy,LJ019-0063.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0064.wav,"that their condition was more natural, and approximated more nearly to that of daily life.",LJ019-0064.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0065.wav,"Better industrial results were obtained from it, and instruction in trades was easier, and prisoners were more likely to leave jail",LJ019-0065.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0066.wav,with the means of earning an honest livelihood if so disposed.,LJ019-0066.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0067.wav,The opposing champions were not slow to find faults and flaws in the system they condemned.,LJ019-0067.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0068.wav,"Separation was injurious to health, mental or physical, said one side; men broke down when subjected to it for more than a certain period,",LJ019-0068.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0069.wav,"and it was unsafe to fix this limit above twelve months, although some rash advocates were in favor of eighteen months, some indeed of two years.",LJ019-0069.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0070.wav,"The other side retorted that the system of associated labor was most costly, so many officers being required to maintain the discipline of silence;",LJ019-0070.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0071.wav,"moreover, it was nearly impossible to prevent communication and mutual contamination.",LJ019-0071.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0072.wav,It is scarcely necessary to follow the controversy further. I have only introduced the subject as showing how little as yet the State,LJ019-0072.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0073.wav,was impressed with the necessity for authoritative interference.,LJ019-0073.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0074.wav,"The legislature was content to let local jurisdictions experimentalize for themselves; with the strange, anomalous result,",LJ019-0074.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0075.wav,that a thief or other criminal might be quite differently treated according as he was incarcerated on one side or another of a border line.,LJ019-0075.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0076.wav,This variety was often extended to all branches of prison economy.,LJ019-0076.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0077.wav,"There was an absolute want of uniformity in dietaries; in some prisons it was too liberal, in others too low.",LJ019-0077.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0078.wav,The amount of exercise varied from one or two hours daily to half the working day.,LJ019-0078.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0079.wav,The cells inhabited by prisoners were of very varying dimensions;,LJ019-0079.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0080.wav,"some were not sufficiently ventilated, others were warmed artificially, and were unwholesomely close.",LJ019-0080.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0081.wav,"The use of gas or some other means of lighting might be adopted, but more often was dispensed with.",LJ019-0081.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0082.wav,"In a great number of prisons no provision was made for the education of prisoners, in some others there was a sufficient staff of schoolmasters and instructors.",LJ019-0082.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0083.wav,"The discipline also varied greatly, from the severely penal to the culpably lax.",LJ019-0083.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0084.wav,"The greatest pains might be taken to secure isolation,",LJ019-0084.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0085.wav,"the prisoners might be supervised and watched at every step, and made liable to punishment for a trifling breach of an irksome code of regulations,",LJ019-0085.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0086.wav,"or they might herd together or communicate freely as in the old worst days. They might see each other when they liked, and converse sotto voce,",LJ019-0086.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0087.wav,or make signs; or the chances of recognizing or being recognized were reduced to a minimum by the use of a mask.,LJ019-0087.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0088.wav,There was no general rule of employment. Hard labor was often not insisted upon in separate confinement;,LJ019-0088.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0089.wav,"sometimes it embraced the tread-wheel or the newly-invented instruments known as cranks, which ground air.",LJ019-0089.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0090.wav,"The alternative between labor or idleness, or the selection of the form of labor,",LJ019-0090.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0091.wav,"were mere matters of chance, and decided according to the views of the local magistracy.",LJ019-0091.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0092.wav,"They were approved of and employed at some prisons, at others objected to because they were unproductive,",LJ019-0092.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0093.wav,and because the machine was often so imperfect that the amount of effort could not be exactly regulated.,LJ019-0093.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0094.wav,"Opinions differed greatly with regard to the tread-wheel; some authorities advocated it as a very severe and irksome punishment,",LJ019-0094.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0095.wav,"which was yet under full control, and might be made to work corn-mills or prove otherwise productive;",LJ019-0095.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0096.wav,"other authorities as strongly condemned it as brutalizing, unequal in its operation, and altogether a ""deplorable invention.""",LJ019-0096.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0097.wav,"This want of uniformity in prison discipline became ere long an acknowledged evil pressing for some remedy,",LJ019-0097.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0098.wav,"and the question was once more taken up in the House of Commons. In 1849 Mr. Charles Pearson, M.P.,",LJ019-0098.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0099.wav,"moved for a committee to report upon the best means of securing some uniform system which should be ""punitive, reformatory, and self-supporting;""",LJ019-0099.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0100.wav,"but the session was far advanced, and the matter was relegated to the following year.",LJ019-0100.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0101.wav,"In 1850 Sir George Grey brought forward a new motion to the same effect,",LJ019-0101.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0102.wav,"which was promptly carried, with the additional instruction to the committee to suggest any improvements.",LJ019-0102.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0103.wav,The latter had reference more especially to a proposal emanating from Mr. Charles Pearson himself.,LJ019-0103.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0104.wav,"That gentleman had come to the conclusion that the ordinary and hackneyed methods of treatment were practically inefficacious,",LJ019-0104.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0105.wav,and that a new system of prison discipline should be introduced.,LJ019-0105.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0106.wav,His plan was to devote the whole labor of prisoners sentenced to any term between three months and four years to agriculture.,LJ019-0106.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0107.wav,"District prisons were to be established for this purpose, each of which would be in the heart of a farm of a thousand acres.",LJ019-0107.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0108.wav,The prisoners were to cultivate the land and raise sufficient produce for their own support.,LJ019-0108.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0109.wav,Mr. Pearson backed up his recommendations by many sound arguments.,LJ019-0109.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0110.wav,"Field labor, he urged, and with reason, was a very suitable employment;",LJ019-0110.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0111.wav,"healthful, easily learnt, and well adapted to the circumstances of unskilled laborers.",LJ019-0111.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0112.wav,"Such excellent returns might be counted upon, that a margin of profit would be left after the cost of the prisons had been defrayed.",LJ019-0112.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0113.wav,"The scheme was no doubt fascinating, and in many respects feasible;",LJ019-0113.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0114.wav,"but Mr. Pearson overlooked some points in which a more practical mind would have foreseen difficulty, and perhaps forecasted failure.",LJ019-0114.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0115.wav,"In his proposal he dwelt much upon the humanizing effects of healthful open-air toil,",LJ019-0115.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0116.wav,"anticipating the best results from a system which made earnings, and indeed release, dependent upon the amount of work done.",LJ019-0116.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0117.wav,"That industry might thus be stimulated and encouraged was probable enough,",LJ019-0117.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0118.wav,and later experience has fully proved the advantage of a judicious system of gratuities for labor;,LJ019-0118.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0119.wav,"but Mr. Pearson hardly considered the converse sufficiently, and",LJ019-0119.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0120.wav,omitted the fact that he might have to deal with that persistent idleness which is not an unknown characteristic of the criminal class.,LJ019-0120.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0121.wav,"The hope of reward might do much, but no system of penal discipline is complete unless it can also count upon the fear of punishment.",LJ019-0121.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0122.wav,Mr. Pearson seems to have taken for granted that all prisoners would behave well in his district prisons.,LJ019-0122.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0123.wav,"On that account he made no provision to insure safe custody,",LJ019-0123.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0124.wav,thinking perhaps that prisoners so well disposed would cheerfully remain in jail of their own accord.,LJ019-0124.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0125.wav,"But an open farm of a thousand acres would have offered abundant chances of escape, which some at least would have attempted, probably with success.",LJ019-0125.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0126.wav,"The creation of an expensive staff for supervision,",LJ019-0126.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0127.wav,"or the still more costly process of walling in the whole farm, would have greatly added to the charges of these establishments.",LJ019-0127.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0128.wav,"I have lingered too long perhaps over Mr. Pearson's proposal, but some reference was indispensable to a scheme",LJ019-0128.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0129.wav,"which marked the growth of public interest in prison affairs, and which was the germ of the new system",LJ019-0129.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0130.wav,since admirably developed in the convict prisons of this country.,LJ019-0130.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0131.wav,"Mr. Pearson and the committee of 1850 have the more claim on our consideration, because,",LJ019-0131.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0132.wav,"in the inquiry which followed, attention was again attracted to Newgate.",LJ019-0132.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0133.wav,The condition of that prison in 1850 may be gathered from the pages of the report. Not much had been done to remedy the old defects;,LJ019-0133.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0134.wav,"radical improvement was generally considered impossible. The great evil, however, had been sensibly diminished.",LJ019-0134.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0135.wav,"There was no longer, or at worst but rarely, and for short periods, the same overcrowding.",LJ019-0135.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0136.wav,"This was obviated by the frequent sessions of the Central Criminal Court, and the utilization of the two subsidiary prisons in Giltspur Street and Southwark.",LJ019-0136.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0137.wav,"The prison population of Newgate was still subject to great fluctuations, but it seldom rose above two hundred and fifty or three hundred",LJ019-0137.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0138.wav,"at the most crowded periods, or just before the sessional jail delivery; and at its lowest it fell sometimes to fifty or sixty.",LJ019-0138.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0139.wav,"These numbers would have still further decreased, and the jail would have been almost empty, but for the misdemeanants who were still sent to Newgate",LJ019-0139.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0140.wav,"at times on long terms of imprisonment, and for the transports, whom the Home Office were often, as of old, slow to remove.",LJ019-0140.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0141.wav,"The old wards, day rooms and sleeping rooms combined, of which the reader has already heard so much,",LJ019-0141.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0142.wav,now seldom contained more than ten or a dozen each. Some sort of decorum was maintained among the occupants in the day-time.,LJ019-0142.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0143.wav,"Drinking and gaming,",LJ019-0143.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0144.wav,"the indiscriminate visitation of friends, and the almost unlimited admission of extra food, these more glaring defects had disappeared.",LJ019-0144.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0145.wav,But reformation was only skin deep. Below the surface many of the old evils still rankled.,LJ019-0145.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0146.wav,There was as yet no control over the prisoners after locking-up time;,LJ019-0146.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0147.wav,"this occurred in summer at eight, but in the winter months it took place at dusk, and was often as early as four or five.",LJ019-0147.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0148.wav,"The prisoners were still left to themselves till next morning's unlocking,",LJ019-0148.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0149.wav,"and they spent some fourteen or fifteen hours in total darkness, and almost without check or control.",LJ019-0149.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0150.wav,"Captain Williams, who was the inspector of prisons for the home district in succession to Messrs. Crawford and Russell,",LJ019-0150.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0151.wav,"stated in evidence that he was visiting Newgate one night, when he heard a great disturbance in one of the day and sleeping rooms,",LJ019-0151.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0152.wav,and on entering it found the prisoners engaged in kicking bundles of wood from one end of the ward to the other.,LJ019-0152.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0153.wav,"Some attempt at supervision was exercised by the night watchman stationed on the leads, who might hear what went on inside.",LJ019-0153.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0154.wav,"If any disturbance reached his ears, he reported the case to the governor, who next morning visited the ward in fault, and asked for the culprit.",LJ019-0154.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0155.wav,The enforcement of discipline depended upon the want of honor among thieves.,LJ019-0155.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0156.wav,"Unless the guilty prisoner was given up, the whole ward was punished, either by the exclusion of visitors or the deprivation of fire,",LJ019-0156.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0157.wav,sharp tests which generally broke down the fidelity of the inmates of the ward to one another.,LJ019-0157.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0158.wav,"Later on a more efficacious but still imperfect method of supervision was introduced. Iron cages, which are still to be seen in Newgate,",LJ019-0158.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0159.wav,"were constructed on the landings, ensconced in which warders spent the night, on duty, and alert to watch the sleepers below,",LJ019-0159.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0160.wav,and check by remonstrance or threat of punishment all who broke the peace of the prison.,LJ019-0160.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0161.wav,"These disciplinary improvements were, however, only slowly and gradually introduced.",LJ019-0161.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0162.wav,Other changes affecting the condition and proper treatment of prisoners were not made until the inspector had urged and recommended them.,LJ019-0162.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0163.wav,"Thus the wards, which, as I have said, were left in complete darkness, were now to be lighted with gas; and after this most salutary addition,",LJ019-0163.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0164.wav,"the personal superintendence of night officers, as already described, became possible.",LJ019-0164.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0165.wav,"The rule became general as regards the prison dress; hitherto clothing had been issued only to such as were destitute or in rags, and all classes of prisoners,",LJ019-0165.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0166.wav,"those for trial, and those sentenced for short terms or long",LJ019-0166.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0167.wav,"wore no distinguishing costume, although its use was admitted, not only for cleanliness, but as a badge of condition, and a security against escape.",LJ019-0167.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0168.wav,"Renewed recommendations to provide employment resulted in the provision of a certain amount of oakum for picking,",LJ019-0168.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0169.wav,and one or two men were allowed to mend clothes and make shoes. The rules made by the Secretary of State were hung up in conspicuous parts of the prison;,LJ019-0169.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0170.wav,"more officers were appointed, as the time of so many of those already on the staff was monopolized by attendance at the Central Criminal Court.",LJ019-0170.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0171.wav,Another custom which had led to disorder was abolished;,LJ019-0171.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0172.wav,prisoners who had been acquitted were not permitted to return to the prison to show their joy and receive the congratulations of their unfortunate fellows.,LJ019-0172.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0173.wav,The Corporation seems to have introduced these salutary changes without hesitation.,LJ019-0173.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0174.wav,It was less prompt apparently in dealing with structural alterations and improvements.,LJ019-0174.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0175.wav,Well-founded complaints had been made of the want of heating appliances in the jail.,LJ019-0175.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0176.wav,"The wards had open fires, but the separate cells were not warmed at all.",LJ019-0176.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0177.wav,"A scheme for heating the whole prison with hot-water pipes, after the system now generally adopted elsewhere, was considered,",LJ019-0177.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0178.wav,"and abandoned because of the expense. As to the entire reconstruction of Newgate, nothing had been done as yet.",LJ019-0178.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0179.wav,"This, with a scheme for limiting the jail to untried prisoners, had been urgently recommended by Lord John Russell in 1830.",LJ019-0179.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0180.wav,"His letter to the Corporation, under date 4th June,",LJ019-0180.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0181.wav,"is an interesting document, and shows that even at that date the Government contemplated the erection of a model prison.",LJ019-0181.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0182.wav,"Lord John Russell, commenting upon the offer of the Corporation to improve Newgate,",LJ019-0182.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0183.wav,"provided it was henceforth used only for untried prisoners, suggested that Newgate should be entirely reconstructed, and the new building adopted as a model.",LJ019-0183.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0184.wav,"The Corporation had agreed to spend £20,000 on alterations, but £60,000 would suffice to reconstruct.",LJ019-0184.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0185.wav,"Lord John, with great fairness, admitted that the whole of this burthen could not be imposed upon the city",LJ019-0185.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0186.wav,"seeing that since the establishment of the Central Criminal Court, Newgate received prisoners for trial from several counties,",LJ019-0186.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0187.wav,and he was therefore prepared to submit to Parliament a proposal that half the cost of reconstruction should be borne by public funds.,LJ019-0187.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0188.wav,"He forwarded plans prepared by the inspectors of prisons, not for blind adoption, but as a guide.",LJ019-0188.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0189.wav,"This plan was on the principle of cellular separation, a system, according to Lord John Russell, desirable in all prisons,",LJ019-0189.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0190.wav,"but in a metropolitan prison absolutely essential. The Corporation in reply demurred rather to accepting strict separation as a rule,",LJ019-0190.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0191.wav,feeling that it approached too nearly to solitary confinement.,LJ019-0191.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0192.wav,"The court was, however, prepared to consider Lord John Russell's proposal with regard to the cost of rebuilding;",LJ019-0192.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0193.wav,"but as the plan was ""confessedly experimental, for the benefit of the country generally, the amount for which the city should be responsible should be distinctly limited",LJ019-0193.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0194.wav,not to exceed a certain sum to be agreed upon.,LJ019-0194.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0195.wav,"A proviso was also made that the magistrates should continue to exercise full control over the new jail,",LJ019-0195.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0196.wav,free from any other interference than that of the inspectors on the part of Government.,LJ019-0196.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0197.wav,"No doubt wiser counsels prevailed with Lord John Russell,",LJ019-0197.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0198.wav,"and on a more mature consideration he realized that the limited area of the existing Newgate site,",LJ019-0198.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0199.wav,"and the costliness of enlarging it, forbade all idea of entirely reconstructing the jail so as to constitute it a model prison.",LJ019-0199.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0200.wav,"It would be far better to begin at the beginning,",LJ019-0200.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0201.wav,"to select a sufficiently spacious piece of ground, and erect a prison which from foundations to roofs should be in conformity with the newest ideas.",LJ019-0201.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0202.wav,The preference given to the Pentonville system destroyed all hopes of a complete reformation of Newgate.,LJ019-0202.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0203.wav,"But the condition of the great city jail was evidently considered a reproach by the city authorities, and a year after the opening of the new ""model"" at Pentonville,",LJ019-0203.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0204.wav,a serious effort was made to reconstruct Newgate.,LJ019-0204.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0205.wav,In 1845 the Jail Committee brought forward a definite proposal to purchase ground in the immediate vicinity for the erection of a new jail.,LJ019-0205.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0206.wav,"This jail was nominally to replace the Giltspur Street Compter,",LJ019-0206.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0207.wav,"The site of which was to be sold to Christ's Hospital, but the intention was of course to embody and absorb old Newgate in the new construction.",LJ019-0207.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0208.wav,"The proposal made was to purchase some fifty thousand square feet between Newgate, Warwick Lane, and the Sessions House,",LJ019-0208.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0209.wav,the situation having been proved by long experience to be salubrious.,LJ019-0209.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0210.wav,"But when this suggestion was brought before the court of aldermen, various amendments were proposed.",LJ019-0210.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0211.wav,"It was urged that the area selected for purchase must be excessively costly to acquire, and still quite inadequate for the city needs.",LJ019-0211.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0212.wav,"The Home Secretary had laid it down that at least five acres would be indispensable, and such an area it was impossible to obtain within the limits of the city.",LJ019-0212.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0213.wav,Now for the first time the Tuffnell estate in Holloway was mentioned.,LJ019-0213.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0214.wav,The Corporation owned lands there covering from nineteen to twenty acres.,LJ019-0214.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0215.wav,"Why not move the city prison bodily into this more rural spot, with its purer air and greater breathing space?",LJ019-0215.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0216.wav,Eventually Holloway was decided upon as a site for the new city prison.,LJ019-0216.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0217.wav,"The necessary preliminaries took some time, but the contracts for the new building were completed in 1849, when the works were commenced.",LJ019-0217.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0218.wav,"The prison was to contain four hundred and four prisoners, and the estimated expenditure was £79,000.",LJ019-0218.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0219.wav,"It was to accommodate only the convicted prisoners sentenced to terms short of penal servitude, and after its completion",LJ019-0219.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0220.wav,the uses of Newgate were narrowed almost entirely to those of a prison of detention.,LJ019-0220.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0221.wav,"It was intended as far as possible that, except awaiting trial, no prisoner should find himself relegated to Newgate.",LJ019-0221.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0222.wav,"This principle became more and more generally the rule, although it has never been punctiliously observed. Now and again",LJ019-0222.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0223.wav,"misdemeanants have found their way into Newgate, and within the last few years one offender against the privileges of the House of Commons.",LJ019-0223.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0224.wav,"With the reduction of numbers to be accommodated, there was ample space in Newgate for its reconstruction on the most approved modern lines.",LJ019-0224.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0225.wav,In 1857,LJ019-0225.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0226.wav,"the erection of a wing or large block of cells was commenced within the original walls of the prison, and upon the north or male side.",LJ019-0226.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0227.wav,"This block contained one hundred and thirty cells, embracing every modern improvement;",LJ019-0227.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0228.wav,"it also contained eleven reception cells, six punishment cells, and a couple of cells for condemned criminals.",LJ019-0228.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0229.wav,"This block was completed in 1859, after which the hitherto unavoidable and long-continued promiscuous association of prisoners",LJ019-0229.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0230.wav,"In 1861 a similar work was undertaken to provide separate cellular accommodation for the female inmates of Newgate,",LJ019-0230.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0231.wav,and by the following year forty-seven new cells had been built on the most approved plan.,LJ019-0231.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0232.wav,"During this reconstruction the female prisoners were lodged in Holloway,",LJ019-0232.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0233.wav,"and when it was completed, both sides of the prison were brought into harmony with modern ideas.",LJ019-0233.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0234.wav,"The old buildings were entirely disused, and the whole of the inmates of Newgate were kept constantly in separate confinement.",LJ019-0234.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0235.wav,"With the last re-edification of Newgate, a work executed some seven centuries after the first stone of the old jail was laid,",LJ019-0235.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0236.wav,"the architectural records of the prison end. Nothing much was done at Newgate in the way of building, outside or in, after 1862.",LJ019-0236.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0237.wav,"The Act for private executions led to the erection of the gallows shed in the exercising yard, and at the flank of the passage from the condemned cells.",LJ019-0237.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0238.wav,"The first ""glass house,"" or room in which prisoners could talk in private with their attorneys, but yet be seen by the warder on the watch, had been constructed",LJ019-0238.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0239.wav,and others were subsequently added.,LJ019-0239.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0240.wav,But no structural alterations were made from the date first quoted until the time of closing the prison in 1881.,LJ019-0240.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0241.wav,"But in the interval very comprehensive and, I think it must be admitted, salutary changes were successively introduced into the management of prisons.",LJ019-0241.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0242.wav,"Newgate naturally shared in any advantages due to these reforms. I propose, therefore, to refer to them in the concluding pages of this work,",LJ019-0242.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0243.wav,and thus bring the history of prison discipline down to our own times.,LJ019-0243.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0244.wav,The last inquiry into the condition and management of our jails and houses of correction was that made by the Lords' Committee in 1863.,LJ019-0244.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0245.wav,"The inquiry was most searching and complete, and the committee spoke plainly in its report.",LJ019-0245.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0246.wav,"It animadverted strongly on ""the many and wide differences as regards construction, labor, diet, and general discipline""",LJ019-0246.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0247.wav,"which existed in the various prisons,",LJ019-0247.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0248.wav,"leading to an inequality, uncertainty, and inefficiency of punishment productive of the most prejudicial results.",LJ019-0248.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0249.wav,The varieties in construction were still very marked.,LJ019-0249.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0250.wav,"In many prisons the prisoners were still associated, and, from the want of a sufficient number of cells, the principle of separation was still greatly neglected.",LJ019-0250.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0251.wav,"Yet this principle, as the committee pointed out, ""must now be accepted as the foundation of prison discipline,""",LJ019-0251.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0252.wav,while its rigid maintenance was in its opinion vital to the efficiency of the jails.,LJ019-0252.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0253.wav,Even where cells had been built,LJ019-0253.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0254.wav,"they were frequently below the standard size, and were therefore not certified for occupation as was required by law.",LJ019-0254.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0255.wav,"Great numbers were not lighted at night, and were without means by which their inmates could communicate, in case of urgent necessity, with their keepers.",LJ019-0255.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0256.wav,Still greater were the differences with regard to employment. The various authorities held widely different opinions as to what constituted hard labor.,LJ019-0256.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0257.wav,"Here the tread-wheel was in use, there cellular cranks, or hard-labor machines.",LJ019-0257.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0258.wav,"Both, however, varied greatly in mechanism and in the amount of energy they called forth,",LJ019-0258.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0259.wav,"while the former was intended for the congregate labor of a number, and the latter, as its name implies, imposed continuous solitary toil.",LJ019-0259.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0260.wav,"At other prisons ""shot-drill,"" the lifting and carrying of heavy round shot, was the favorite method of inflicting penal labor.",LJ019-0260.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0261.wav,With these differences were others as opposed concerning industrial occupation.,LJ019-0261.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0262.wav,"The jail authorities often gave the highest, possibly undue, importance to the value of remunerative employment,",LJ019-0262.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0263.wav,"and sought to make profitable returns from prisoners' labor the test of prison efficiency. In this view the committee could not coincide,",LJ019-0263.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0264.wav,"and it was decidedly of opinion that in all short sentences the hard labor of the tread-wheel, crank, and so forth should be the invariable rule.",LJ019-0264.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0265.wav,"In dietaries, again, the same wide diversity of practice obtained.",LJ019-0265.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0266.wav,The efforts made by Sir James Graham years before to introduce uniformity in this particular had failed of effect.,LJ019-0266.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0267.wav,The Secretary of State's suggested scale of diet had seldom been closely followed.,LJ019-0267.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0268.wav,"In some places the dietary was too full, in others too meager. Its constituents were not of the most suitable character.",LJ019-0268.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0269.wav,More animal food was given than was necessary.,LJ019-0269.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0270.wav,"Vegetables, especially the potato, that most valuable anti-scorbutic, was too often omitted.",LJ019-0270.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0271.wav,"In a word, the value of diet as a part of penal discipline was still insufficiently recognized.",LJ019-0271.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0272.wav,"The prisons were still far from inflicting the three punishments, hard labor, hard fare, and a hard bed",LJ019-0272.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0273.wav,which Sir Joshua Jebb told the committee he considered the proper elements of penal discipline.,LJ019-0273.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0274.wav,It is interesting to note here,LJ019-0274.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0275.wav,"that the committee of 1863 fully endorsed Sir Joshua's recommendations as regards a ""hard bed,"" and recommended that",LJ019-0275.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0276.wav,"during short sentences, or the earlier stages of a long confinement,",LJ019-0276.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0277.wav,"the prisoners should be made to dispense with the use of a mattress, and should sleep on planks.",LJ019-0277.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0278.wav,"This suggestion was adopted in the Act of 1865, which followed the committee's report, and of which more directly.",LJ019-0278.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0279.wav,"Clause 92, Schedule 1 of that act authorized the use of plank beds, which were adopted in many prisons.",LJ019-0279.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0280.wav,"They are now the universal rule,",LJ019-0280.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0281.wav,"introduced, as was erroneously supposed, by the prison commissioners appointed under the Prison Act of 1877.",LJ019-0281.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0282.wav,Their origin it will be seen dates back much further than that.,LJ019-0282.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0283.wav,Beds might well be made hard and their use strictly limited.,LJ019-0283.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0284.wav,"According to this committee of 1863, beds in the smaller and most carelessly conducted prisons formed a large element in the life of a prisoner.",LJ019-0284.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0285.wav,In one jail fifteen hours were spent in bed out of the twenty-four. This was in keeping with other grave defects and omissions.,LJ019-0285.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0286.wav,The minor borough prisons were the worst blot on the still dark and imperfect system.,LJ019-0286.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0287.wav,"They were very numerous, very imperfect in construction and management, and they were very little required.",LJ019-0287.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0288.wav,"In them, according to the committee, the old objectionable practices were still in full force.",LJ019-0288.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0289.wav,"There was unrestrained association of untried and convicted, juvenile with adult prisoners, vagrants, misdemeanants, felons.",LJ019-0289.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0290.wav,"There were dormitories without light, control, or regulation at night,",LJ019-0290.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0291.wav,"which warders, dreading assault, were afraid to enter after dark, even to check rioting and disturbance.",LJ019-0291.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0292.wav,Prisoners still slept two in a bed.,LJ019-0292.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0293.wav,In one prison the bedsteads had been removed lest the prisoners should break them up and convert them into weapons of offense.,LJ019-0293.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0294.wav,The prison buildings were in many places out of repair; other houses often overlooked them.,LJ019-0294.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0295.wav,A single officer was the only custodian and disciplinary authority in the jail.,LJ019-0295.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0296.wav,Complete idleness was tolerated; there was neither penal labor nor light employment.,LJ019-0296.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0297.wav,"The prisoners inter-communicated freely, and exercised the most injurious, corrupting influences upon one another.",LJ019-0297.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0298.wav,"The total want of administration was very marked,",LJ019-0298.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0299.wav,"but in one prison it was such that the prisoners' food was supplied daily from the neighboring inn, and the innkeeper's bill constituted the only accounts kept.",LJ019-0299.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0300.wav,"The committee might well suggest the abolition of these jails, or their amalgamation with the larger county establishments in their immediate neighborhood.",LJ019-0300.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0301.wav,Some idea of the comparative uselessness of these small borough prisons was conveyed by some figures quoted by the committee.,LJ019-0301.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0302.wav,In 1862 there were in all one hundred and ninety-three jails in England and Wales;,LJ019-0302.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0303.wav,"of these, sixty-three gave admittance during the entire year to less than twenty-five prisoners;",LJ019-0303.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0304.wav,twenty-two others received between eleven and twenty-five;,LJ019-0304.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0305.wav,fourteen received less than eleven and more than six;,LJ019-0305.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0306.wav,"while twenty-seven received less than six prisoners, and were in some instances absolutely tenantless.",LJ019-0306.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0307.wav,"The result of the recommendation of the committee of 1862 was the Prison Act of 1865,",LJ019-0307.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0308.wav,"the penultimate of such enactments, many of the provisions of which still remain in force.",LJ019-0308.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0309.wav,The main object of this act was to compass that uniformity in discipline and treatment generally,LJ019-0309.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0310.wav,"which had long been admitted as indispensable, and had never as yet been properly obtained.",LJ019-0310.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0311.wav,The legislature was beginning to overcome its disinclination to interfere actively or authoritatively,LJ019-0311.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0312.wav,"with the local jurisdictions, although still very leniently disposed.",LJ019-0312.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0313.wav,"However, it now laid down in plain language and with precise details the requirements of a good jail system.",LJ019-0313.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0314.wav,"The separation of prisoners in cells duly certified by the inspectors was insisted upon,",LJ019-0314.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0315.wav,also their constant employment in labor appropriate to their condition.,LJ019-0315.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0316.wav,Hard labor of the first and second class was carefully defined.,LJ019-0316.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0317.wav,"The former, which consisted principally of the tread-wheel, cranks, capstans, shot-drill,",LJ019-0317.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0318.wav,was to be the rule for all convicted prisoners throughout the early stages of their detention;,LJ019-0318.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0319.wav,"while the latter, which included various forms of industrial employment,",LJ019-0319.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0320.wav,was the boon to which willing industry extending over a long period established a certain claim.,LJ019-0320.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0321.wav,The infliction of punishment more or less uniform was thus aimed at.,LJ019-0321.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0322.wav,"On the other hand, new and careful regulations were framed to secure the moral and material well-being of the inmates of the jails.",LJ019-0322.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0323.wav,"The law made it imperative that every prison should have a prison chapel, and that daily and Sunday services should be held.",LJ019-0323.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0324.wav,"The chaplain's duties were enlarged, and the principle of toleration accepted to the extent of securing to all prisoners",LJ019-0324.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0325.wav,the ministrations of ministers of their own form of belief.,LJ019-0325.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0326.wav,Steps were taken to provide the illiterate with secular instruction.,LJ019-0326.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0327.wav,No less close was the care as regards preservation of health.,LJ019-0327.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0328.wav,Stringent rules were prescribed for the prison surgeons;,LJ019-0328.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0329.wav,"every prison was ordered to keep up an infirmary, and the medical supervision was to be strict and continuous.",LJ019-0329.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0330.wav,Dietaries were drawn up for adoption on the recommendation of a committee of experts.,LJ019-0330.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0331.wav,"Baths were provided, ablutions ordered, and all appliances to insure personal cleanliness.",LJ019-0331.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0332.wav,"The administration of good government was to be watched over by the local magistracy, certain of whom, styled visiting justices,",LJ019-0332.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0333.wav,"were elected to inspect the prisons frequently, to examine the prisoners, hear complaints, and check abuses.",LJ019-0333.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0334.wav,Under them the governor or jailer was held strictly responsible.,LJ019-0334.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0335.wav,"The books and journals he was to keep were minutely specified, and his constant presence in or near the jail was insisted upon.",LJ019-0335.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0336.wav,"His disciplinary powers were defined by the act, and his duties,",LJ019-0336.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0337.wav,"both in controlling his subordinates and in protecting the prisoners from petty tyranny and oppression, every one of whom he was to see once every twenty-four hours.",LJ019-0337.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0338.wav,"But discipline was to be maintained if necessary by punishment,",LJ019-0338.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0339.wav,while decency and good order were to be insured by the strict prohibition of gambling and drunkenness.,LJ019-0339.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0340.wav,The latter was rendered nearly impossible by the penalties imposed on persons bringing spirituous liquors into the jail.,LJ019-0340.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0341.wav,"The old custom, so fruitful of the worst evils, of keeping a tap inside the prison was made illegal.",LJ019-0341.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0342.wav,So was the employment of prisoners in any position of trust or authority;,LJ019-0342.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0343.wav,"they were not to be turnkeys or assistant turnkeys, neither wardsman nor yardsman, overseer,",LJ019-0343.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0344.wav,"monitor, or schoolmaster, nor to be engaged in the service of any officer of the prison.",LJ019-0344.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0345.wav,"The Act of 1865 also encouraged and empowered the local authorities to ""alter, enlarge, or rebuild"" their prisons.",LJ019-0345.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0346.wav,"They might raise funds for this purpose, provided a certificate for the necessity for the new works was given, either by the recorder",LJ019-0346.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0347.wav,"chairman of quarter sessions, or even by a couple of justices.",LJ019-0347.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0348.wav,"Every facility was promised. The sanction of the Secretary of State would not be withheld if plans and estimates were duly submitted,",LJ019-0348.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0349.wav,"and they met with the approval of his professional adviser, the surveyor-general of prisons.",LJ019-0349.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0350.wav,"The funds necessary would be advanced by the Public Works Loan Commissioners, and the interest might be charged against the county or borough rates.",LJ019-0350.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0351.wav,"Nor were these the only inducements offered. Where local authorities were indisposed to set their prisons in order,",LJ019-0351.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0352.wav,"or hesitated to embark upon any considerable expenditure to alter or rebuild,",LJ019-0352.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0353.wav,"they were at liberty to hire suitable cell accommodation from any neighbors who might have it to spare; the only proviso,",LJ019-0353.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0354.wav,That no such contract was valid between one jurisdiction and another unless the Secretary of State was satisfied that the prison it was intended to use,LJ019-0354.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0355.wav,came up in all respects to modern requirements.,LJ019-0355.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0356.wav,But the act was not limited to permissive legislation. Its provisions and enactments were backed up by certain penalties.,LJ019-0356.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0357.wav,"The Secretary of State was empowered to deal rather summarily with ""inadequate"" prisons, in other words,",LJ019-0357.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0358.wav,"with those in which there was no separation, no proper enforcement of hard labor, no chapel, infirmary, and so forth.",LJ019-0358.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0359.wav,He could in the first place withhold the government grant in aid of prison funds by refusing the certificate to the Treasury upon which the allowance was paid.,LJ019-0359.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0360.wav,"This he might do on the representation of the inspector of prisons,",LJ019-0360.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0361.wav,who was bound to report any deficiencies and abuses he might find at his periodical visits. The Secretary of State might go further.,LJ019-0361.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0362.wav,"Where the local authority had neglected to comply with the provisions of the 1865 Act for four consecutive years,",LJ019-0362.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0363.wav,"he could close the ""inadequate"" prison, by declaring it unfit for the reception of prisoners.",LJ019-0363.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0364.wav,"His order would at the same time specify some neighboring and more satisfactory prison which the local authority would be compelled to utilize instead,",LJ019-0364.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0365.wav,"and with the concurrence of the other authority, and on payment. A few provisos governed these rather extensive powers.",LJ019-0365.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0366.wav,"It was necessary, for instance, to give due notice when the government grant was to be withdrawn,",LJ019-0366.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0367.wav,and with the warning a copy of the particular defects and allegations was to be sent to the local authority.,LJ019-0367.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0368.wav,The latter too was to be laid before the House of Commons.,LJ019-0368.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0369.wav,"In the same way, six months' notice was required in cases where the closing of a prison was contemplated;",LJ019-0369.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0370.wav,"but if these conditions were observed, the Secretary of State could deal sharply enough with the defaulting jurisdictions.",LJ019-0370.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0371.wav,Yet the law was seldom if ever enforced.,LJ019-0371.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0372.wav,It was practically inoperative as regards the penalties for neglect. It was no doubt as irksome and inconvenient to the Secretary of State,LJ019-0372.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0373.wav,"to avail himself of his powers, as it was difficult to bring home the derelictions of duties and evasion of the acts. Too much was left to the inspectors.",LJ019-0373.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0374.wav,It was nearly impossible for them to exercise a very close supervision over the whole of the prisons of the country.,LJ019-0374.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0375.wav,"There were only two of them, and they could not visit each prison more than once in each year, sometimes not oftener than once in eighteen months.",LJ019-0375.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0376.wav,"The task imposed upon them, tending as it did to the imposition of a fine upon the local authorities, was not a pleasant one,",LJ019-0376.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0377.wav,and it is not strange if they did not very frequently hand up the offenders to the reproof and correction of the Secretary of State.,LJ019-0377.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0378.wav,"As the almost inevitable consequence, while the more glaring defects in prison management disappeared,",LJ019-0378.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0379.wav,matters went on after the 1865 Act much the same as they had done before. Districts differed greatly in the attention they paid to prison affairs.,LJ019-0379.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0380.wav,"In one part the most praiseworthy activity prevailed,",LJ019-0380.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0381.wav,"in another there was half-heartedness, even apathy and an almost complete contempt for the provisions of the act.",LJ019-0381.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0382.wav,"As the years passed, great want of uniformity continued to prevail throughout the prisons of the United Kingdom.",LJ019-0382.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0383.wav,The whole question assumed sufficient importance to become a part of the Government program when Lord Beaconsfield took office in 1874.,LJ019-0383.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0384.wav,"The Home Secretary in that administration,",LJ019-0384.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0385.wav,"Mr. (now Sir Richard) Cross, having applied himself vigorously to the task of reorganizing the whole system, became convinced",LJ019-0385.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0386.wav,that no complete reform could be accomplished so long as the prisons were left under the jurisdiction of the local authorities.,LJ019-0386.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0387.wav,The Prisons Bill of 1876 contemplated the transfer of the prisons to Government.,LJ019-0387.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0388.wav,"This bill, reintroduced in 1877, became law that year, after which the whole of the prisons, including Newgate,",LJ019-0388.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0389.wav,passed under the more direct control of the State.,LJ019-0389.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0390.wav,"Since then a strong central authority has labored steadfastly to compass concentration,",LJ019-0390.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0391.wav,"to close useless prisons, and to insure that uniformity of system which all thoughtful persons had long admitted to be of paramount importance",LJ019-0391.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0392.wav,in the administration of prisons.,LJ019-0392.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0393.wav,"Three years after the advent of the prison commissioners, it was decided that Newgate was an excessively costly and redundant establishment.",LJ019-0393.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0394.wav,It was only filled at the periods when the sessions of the Central Criminal Court were in progress;,LJ019-0394.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0395.wav,at others an expensive staff was maintained with little or nothing to do.,LJ019-0395.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0396.wav,"At a short distance stood another prison of detention, that of Clerkenwell,",LJ019-0396.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0397.wav,with spare accommodation sufficient to receive all prisoners who were then committed to Newgate. These arguments were unanswerable.,LJ019-0397.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0398.wav,"Accordingly, it was ordered by Sir William Harcourt, the present Secretary of State, that Newgate should cease to be used as a regular prison,",LJ019-0398.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ019-0399.wav,"and it is now, except during sessions or when the gallows is in requisition, practically and for ever closed.",LJ019-0399.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ020-0001.wav,Marion Harland's Cookery for Beginners. Bread Sponge and Breakfast Breads.,LJ020-0001.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ020-0002.wav,"Bread raised with what is known to bakers as a “sponge,” requires more time and a trifle more work than the simpler form for which I have just already given directions.",LJ020-0002.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ020-0003.wav,"But it keeps fresh longer, is softer and more nutritious, and a second-rate brand of flour thus treated produces a better loaf",LJ020-0003.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ020-0004.wav,than when mixed up with yeast and water only.,LJ020-0004.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ020-0005.wav,"Sponge-making is, therefore, an important if not an essential accomplishment in a cook, be she novice or veteran.",LJ020-0005.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ020-0006.wav,"Three potatoes of fair size, peeled and boiled mealy.",LJ020-0006.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ020-0007.wav,Five tablespoonfuls of yeast. One tablespoonful of white sugar.,LJ020-0007.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ020-0008.wav,One tablespoonful of butter.,LJ020-0008.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ020-0009.wav,"Three cups of lukewarm water in which the potatoes were boiled, strained through a coarse cloth.",LJ020-0009.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ020-0010.wav,One heaping cup of sifted flour.,LJ020-0010.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ020-0011.wav,"Put the potatoes into a large bowl or tray and mash them to powder with a potato beetle, or a wooden spoon.",LJ020-0011.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ020-0012.wav,"While still hot, mix in the sugar and butter, beating all to a lumpless cream.",LJ020-0012.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ020-0013.wav,"Add a few spoonfuls at a time, the potato-water alternately with the flour by the handful,",LJ020-0013.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ020-0014.wav,beating the batter smooth as you go on until all of the liquid and flour has gone in.,LJ020-0014.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ020-0015.wav,Beat hard one minute before pouring in the yeast.,LJ020-0015.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ020-0016.wav,it is well to stir into the yeast a bit of soda no larger than a grain of corn already wet up in a teaspoonful of boiling water.,LJ020-0016.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ020-0017.wav,"Now whip up the batter with a wooden spoon for another minute, and the sponge is made.",LJ020-0017.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ020-0018.wav,Throw a cloth over the bowl and set by for five or six hours to rise.,LJ020-0018.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ020-0019.wav,"If you intend to bake in the forenoon, make the sponge at bedtime. If in the afternoon, early in the morning.",LJ020-0019.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ020-0020.wav,When the sponge is light sift a quart and a cup of flour into a bowl or tray with two teaspoonfuls of salt.,LJ020-0020.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ020-0021.wav,"Into a hollow, like a crater in the middle of the flour, empty your sponge-bowl, and work the flour down into it.",LJ020-0021.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ020-0022.wav,"Wash out the bowl with a little lukewarm water and add this to the dough. If it should prove too soft, work in, cautiously, a little more flour.",LJ020-0022.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ020-0023.wav,"If too stiff, warm water, a spoonful at a time until you can handle the paste easily. The danger is in getting it too stiff. Now.",LJ020-0023.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ020-0024.wav,"knead and set for risings first and second, as you have already been instructed. This sponge will be found especially useful in making Graham Bread.",LJ020-0024.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ020-0025.wav,"One quart of Graham flour, one cup of white flour.",LJ020-0025.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ020-0026.wav,"One half cup of Indian meal. One half cup of molasses. Two teaspoonfuls of salt. Soda, the size of a pea.",LJ020-0026.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ020-0027.wav,Half the quantity of sponge given in preceding receipt.,LJ020-0027.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ020-0028.wav,Warm water for rinsing bowl -- about half a cup.,LJ020-0028.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ020-0029.wav,Put the brown or Graham flour unsifted into the bread-bowl.,LJ020-0029.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ020-0030.wav,"Sift into it white flour, meal and salt, and stir up well while dry.",LJ020-0030.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ020-0031.wav,"Into the “crater” dug out in the middle, pour the sponge, warm water, the molasses, and soda dissolved in hot water.",LJ020-0031.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ020-0032.wav,"Knead as you would white bread, and set aside for the rising.",LJ020-0032.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ020-0033.wav,"It will not swell so fast as the white, so give yourself more time for making it.",LJ020-0033.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ020-0034.wav,"When light, knead well and long;",LJ020-0034.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ020-0035.wav,"make into two loaves, then put into well-greased pans and leave for an hour, or until it becomes more than twice the original size of the dough.",LJ020-0035.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ020-0036.wav,Take care that it does not burn in baking. The molasses renders it liable to scorching.,LJ020-0036.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ020-0037.wav,"The oven must be steady, but not so hot as for white bread, nor will the Graham bread be done quite so soon as that made of bolted flour.",LJ020-0037.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ020-0038.wav,"Turn the pans once while baking, moving them as gently as possible.",LJ020-0038.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ020-0039.wav,"If rudely shaken or jarred, there will be heavy streaks in loaves.",LJ020-0039.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ020-0040.wav,"Graham bread is wholesome and sweet, and ought to be eaten frequently in every family, particularly by young people whose bones and teeth are in forming.",LJ020-0040.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ020-0041.wav,"The phosphates which the process of “bolting” removes to a large extent from white flour, go directly to the manufacture of bone,",LJ020-0041.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ020-0042.wav,and these also tend to nourish and strengthen the brain.,LJ020-0042.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ020-0043.wav,"After mixing your bread in the morning either with sponge or with yeast, divide the kneaded dough into two portions.",LJ020-0043.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ020-0044.wav,"Mould one into a round ball, and set aside for a loaf as already directed.",LJ020-0044.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ020-0045.wav,"Make a hole in the middle of the other batch and pour into it a tablespoonful of butter, just melted, but not hot.",LJ020-0045.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ020-0046.wav,"Close the dough over it, dust your hands and kneading-board with flour and work in the shortening until the dough is elastic and ceases to be sticky.",LJ020-0046.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ020-0047.wav,"Put it into a floured bowl, cover with a cloth and set away out of draught and undue heat, for three hours.",LJ020-0047.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ020-0048.wav,"Knead it again, then, and wait upon its rising for another three hours. The dough should be as soft as can be handled.",LJ020-0048.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ020-0049.wav,"When it is light for the second time flour your board, rubbing in the flour and blowing lightly away what does not adhere to the surface.",LJ020-0049.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ020-0050.wav,Toss the lump dough upon it and knead thoroughly for five minutes.,LJ020-0050.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ020-0051.wav,Flour a rolling-pin and roll the dough into a sheet not more than half an inch thick.,LJ020-0051.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ020-0052.wav,"Cut this into round cakes with a biscuit-cutter or a sharp-edged tumbler and fold, not quite in the middle,",LJ020-0052.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ020-0053.wav,"in the form of turnovers, pinching the corners of the fold pretty hard to hinder the flap of dough from flying up as the rising proceeds.",LJ020-0053.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ020-0054.wav,"Rub the bottom and sides of a baking-pan with sweet lard or butter. Do this with a bit of clean soft rag or tissue-paper,",LJ020-0054.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ020-0055.wav,"visiting every corner of the pan, but not leaving thick layers and streaks of grease after it.",LJ020-0055.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ020-0056.wav,Arrange the rolls in regular rows in the pan about a quarter of an inch apart.,LJ020-0056.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ020-0057.wav,"Cover with a cloth and set nearer the fire than you dared trust the dough, and let them rise for an hour.",LJ020-0057.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ020-0058.wav,"Peep under the cloth two or three times to see whether they rise evenly, and turn the pan around once that all may be equally exposed to the heat.",LJ020-0058.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ020-0059.wav,"When the time is up and the rolls are puffy and promising, set them in a pretty quick oven and bake half an hour,",LJ020-0059.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ020-0060.wav,"turning the pan once in this time, and covering with clean -- never printed -- paper, should they brown too fast.",LJ020-0060.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ020-0061.wav,"Break the rolls apart from one another and eat warm. They are also good cold, and if the directions be followed implicitly, very good always.",LJ020-0061.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ020-0062.wav,"Graham Rolls are made by treating the dough mixed for Graham bread as above and following the foregoing receipt in every section, but allowing more time for rising and baking.",LJ020-0062.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ020-0063.wav,They are even better when cold than hot.,LJ020-0063.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ020-0064.wav,Breakfast Biscuit.,LJ020-0064.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ020-0065.wav,Two cups of fresh milk slightly warmed.,LJ020-0065.wav
/kaggle/input/ljspeech-dataset/LJSpeech-1.1/wavs/LJ020-0066.wav,One quart and a cup of flour sifted.,LJ020-0066.wav