category stringclasses 25
values | prompt stringlengths 53 351 |
|---|---|
Math word problem (algebra, arithmetic, or geometry) | Three friends split a $125 dinner bill in the ratio 2:3:4; how much does each person pay? |
Math word problem (algebra, arithmetic, or geometry) | Two pipes fill a tank in 6 hours and 9 hours respectively, but a drain empties it at a rate of one tank per 36 hours; if all three are opened together, how long until the tank is full? |
Math word problem (algebra, arithmetic, or geometry) | A rectangle has perimeter 50 cm and its length is 2 times its width minus 1 cm; find the rectangle's length, width, and area. |
Math word problem (algebra, arithmetic, or geometry) | A car goes from A to B at 60 km/h and returns the same route at 40 km/h. What is the average speed for the entire round trip? |
Math word problem (algebra, arithmetic, or geometry) | Solve for x: 2/(x - 1) + 3/(x + 2) = 5/(x^2 + x - 2). |
Math word problem (algebra, arithmetic, or geometry) | A jeweler wants to make 100 grams of 14-carat gold by mixing 10-carat and 18-carat gold; how many grams of each should he use? |
Math word problem (algebra, arithmetic, or geometry) | Two years ago Maria was three times as old as her son; in eight years she will be twice his age. How old are Maria and her son now? |
Math word problem (algebra, arithmetic, or geometry) | In triangle ABC, AB = AC and angle A = 30 degrees while the base BC = 10 cm. Find the area of triangle ABC. |
Math word problem (algebra, arithmetic, or geometry) | A square flower bed's area needs to increase by 60%; by what percentage should the side length be increased to achieve this? |
Math word problem (algebra, arithmetic, or geometry) | A line passes through (1, 2) and (4, k). If the slope of the line is 3, what is the value of k? |
Coding/programming question (debug, implement, or explain code) | I'm getting a 'RuntimeError: Set changed size during iteration' in Python when I try to remove items from a set inside a for-loop; show the correct way to safely remove matching items while iterating and explain why the error occurs. |
Coding/programming question (debug, implement, or explain code) | I wrote a React hook that opens a WebSocket and reconnects on close, but after several reconnects I get duplicated messages and multiple state updates; what patterns typically cause duplicate connections in hooks and how should I fix my implementation? |
Coding/programming question (debug, implement, or explain code) | My SQL query with several JOINs is extremely slow on a table with ~10 million rows; explain how to analyze the execution plan, which indexes are likely to help, and how to rewrite the query to improve index usage and reduce I/O. |
Coding/programming question (debug, implement, or explain code) | In Go I have multiple goroutines updating a shared map with statements like counters[key]++; I'm seeing data races. What are safe patterns to increment counters concurrently and what are the trade-offs between using sync.Mutex, sync.Map, atomic operations, or channels? |
Coding/programming question (debug, implement, or explain code) | Heap dumps from my Java Spring Boot service show growing instances related to org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext$1 and memory keeps increasing until OOM; what could cause this kind of leak pattern and how can I systematically track down the real leaking references? |
Coding/programming question (debug, implement, or explain code) | Can you help me implement a debounce function in vanilla JavaScript that supports both leading and trailing invocation options and explain edge cases (like immediate call, cancelled timers, and returning a cancel method)? |
Coding/programming question (debug, implement, or explain code) | My recursive C function computing Fibonacci numbers causes a stack overflow when n ~ 50; explain why the stack overflows and show how to rewrite it iteratively or with tail recursion (or other approaches) so it works for much larger n without blowing the stack. |
Coding/programming question (debug, implement, or explain code) | I validate emails with the regex ^[A-Za-z0-9._%+-]+@[A-Za-z0-9.-]+\.[A-Za-z]{2,}$ but it fails for many internationalized addresses and some valid edge cases; explain why this pattern is inadequate and propose a more robust approach (regex or algorithm) for validating Unicode/IDN emails. |
Coding/programming question (debug, implement, or explain code) | In Node.js, I used array.forEach(async item => { await doWork(item) }) expecting sequential awaits but they run in parallel and I see race issues; what is the correct pattern to await promises in series versus in parallel and why doesn't forEach work with await? |
Coding/programming question (debug, implement, or explain code) | I'm using CSS Grid and one grid item is overlapping others when I set grid-auto-rows: 1fr and have auto-placed items with varying content heights; what are common causes of overlap in grid layouts and how can I ensure rows expand to fit content properly? |
Scientific explanation (physics, chemistry, or biology concept) | Can you explain in plain language why ice floats on water, and describe what would happen to aquatic ecosystems if ice sank instead? |
Scientific explanation (physics, chemistry, or biology concept) | I'm doing a high school lab heating magnesium in air—explain the chemistry: what reactions occur, how to calculate the expected mass change, and what safety precautions I should take. |
Scientific explanation (physics, chemistry, or biology concept) | Why does a charged capacitor in an RC circuit discharge exponentially, and how does the time constant depend on R and C? Can you show a quick derivation? |
Scientific explanation (physics, chemistry, or biology concept) | In evolution, how does genetic drift differ from natural selection, and can drift cause deleterious traits to become common in small isolated populations? |
Scientific explanation (physics, chemistry, or biology concept) | How does doping silicon with phosphorus change its electrical properties at the atomic level, and why does that produce n-type semiconductor behavior? |
Scientific explanation (physics, chemistry, or biology concept) | Explain why the sky is blue during the day and red/orange at sunset, but keep the explanation simple enough for a 12-year-old to understand. |
Scientific explanation (physics, chemistry, or biology concept) | I dropped a steel ball into glycerin and into water and it sank much slower in glycerin—explain which fluid properties control that behavior and how to estimate the terminal velocity. |
Scientific explanation (physics, chemistry, or biology concept) | How do CRISPR-Cas9 systems recognize and cut specific DNA sequences, and what are the main limitations and off-target risks researchers worry about in genome editing? |
Scientific explanation (physics, chemistry, or biology concept) | What's the difference between endothermic and exothermic reactions in terms of bond energies and enthalpy change, and how can you predict the direction of a reaction from thermodynamic data? |
Scientific explanation (physics, chemistry, or biology concept) | Could you explain superconductivity: what microscopic mechanism leads to zero electrical resistance below a critical temperature, and why do external magnetic fields destroy the superconducting state? |
Historical analysis (explain a historical event or its causes) | Explain the main political, social, and economic causes of the French Revolution and how they interacted to produce 1789's outbreak of violence. |
Historical analysis (explain a historical event or its causes) | Why did the Roman Empire fall in the West—was it primarily internal decay, external invasion, economic crisis, or a combination, and which factors mattered most by the fifth century? |
Historical analysis (explain a historical event or its causes) | Can you break down the proximate and long-term causes of World War I in a way that shows how alliances, nationalism, and imperial competition combined to make a general war likely? |
Historical analysis (explain a historical event or its causes) | What were the key reasons the Meiji Restoration succeeded in modernizing Japan so rapidly after 1868, and which domestic reforms were most crucial? |
Historical analysis (explain a historical event or its causes) | How did the invention and spread of the printing press contribute to the Protestant Reformation—please explain the mechanisms, not just the timeline. |
Historical analysis (explain a historical event or its causes) | Explain the causes of the 1929 stock market crash and why it turned into the global Great Depression rather than being a short-term financial correction. |
Historical analysis (explain a historical event or its causes) | What led to the collapse of the Classic Maya civilization—evaluate the roles of warfare, environmental change, drought, and political fragmentation. |
Historical analysis (explain a historical event or its causes) | Why did the United States become involved in the Vietnam War; discuss both Cold War strategic logic and domestic political pressures that shaped the decision. |
Historical analysis (explain a historical event or its causes) | Compare and contrast the causes of the Russian Revolution of 1917 and the Chinese Revolution of 1949: what similar structural problems and unique circumstances produced revolution in each case? |
Historical analysis (explain a historical event or its causes) | Give a concise analysis of the causes and misperceptions that brought the world to the brink during the Cuban Missile Crisis—what misreadings by Khrushchev and Kennedy escalated the danger? |
Creative writing prompt (write a short story, poem, or dialogue) | Write an 800-word short story about an exhausted lighthouse keeper who finds a sealed glass jar on the shore that, when opened, alters the weather in subtle, personal ways; keep the ending ambiguous and focus on atmosphere. |
Creative writing prompt (write a short story, poem, or dialogue) | Compose a sonnet from the perspective of a city pigeon who has fallen in love with a bronze statue, using urban imagery, dry humor, and an unexpected turn in the final couplet. |
Creative writing prompt (write a short story, poem, or dialogue) | Write a dialogue-only scene between a recently deafened concert pianist and a neighbor who insists they can still 'hear' the music in other ways; reveal character backstory through subtext and interruptions. |
Creative writing prompt (write a short story, poem, or dialogue) | Create a six- to eight-line poem that avoids the letter 'e' (a lipogram) and captures the hush of a midnight mountain walk with vivid, concrete images. |
Creative writing prompt (write a short story, poem, or dialogue) | Write an epistolary short story told through three emails exchanged between a climate scientist and their former mentor debating whether to publish a discovery that could erase traumatic memories from public archives; keep each voice distinct and ethically fraught. |
Creative writing prompt (write a short story, poem, or dialogue) | Write a microfiction under 200 words about a vending machine that dispenses memories instead of snacks, with a twist ending that reframes the protagonist's motive. |
Creative writing prompt (write a short story, poem, or dialogue) | Write a two-person argument scene in which two astronauts debate activating a device that would nullify Earth's gravity for one hour so they can 'see the world float'; include believable technical concerns and a reveal of personal stakes. |
Creative writing prompt (write a short story, poem, or dialogue) | Compose a fairy-tale style bedtime story for a seven-year-old about a shy dragon who learns to sing; keep the tone gentle, include a clear moral, and stay under 600 words. |
Creative writing prompt (write a short story, poem, or dialogue) | Write a noir-style short scene in second person where you — a hardboiled detective — realize the city is a simulation; emphasize sensory detail, paranoia, and keep it under 500 words. |
Creative writing prompt (write a short story, poem, or dialogue) | Write a free-verse poem of at least twelve lines that uses synesthesia to describe a breakup, avoiding clichés and ending with an image that reframes the speaker's loss. |
Business/strategy question (marketing, pricing, or operations) | We run a B2B SaaS with three pricing tiers ($49, $149, $349); mid-tier conversion is low—how should we redesign pricing and feature allocation to increase average revenue per user without hurting acquisition? |
Business/strategy question (marketing, pricing, or operations) | We're a direct-to-consumer apparel brand selling mostly online; should we invest in pop-up stores in three major cities next year, and how do I estimate the breakeven foot traffic and sales uplift to justify the cost? |
Business/strategy question (marketing, pricing, or operations) | Our coffee chain faces inventory waste of fresh pastries each morning; what operational changes (ordering, prep, donations, pricing) can reduce waste while keeping customer satisfaction high? |
Business/strategy question (marketing, pricing, or operations) | Two-week digital ad test across Facebook and Google with a limited budget: how should I allocate spend and which metrics should determine which channel to scale for long-term ROI? |
Business/strategy question (marketing, pricing, or operations) | As a midsize manufacturer with seasonal demand, what pricing and production strategies would you recommend to smooth cash flow and avoid stockouts/overstock across quarters? |
Business/strategy question (marketing, pricing, or operations) | We're launching a premium line alongside our existing popular budget products; should we use a skimming, penetration, or prestige pricing strategy and how do we prevent brand dilution? |
Business/strategy question (marketing, pricing, or operations) | Our subscription churn is 6% monthly; give a prioritized list of experiments to reduce churn to 3% within six months, including expected impact and required resources. |
Business/strategy question (marketing, pricing, or operations) | We sell software to hospitals but sales cycles are long and unpredictable; what changes to go-to-market operations, lead qualification, and pricing terms could shorten sales cycles and improve win rates? |
Business/strategy question (marketing, pricing, or operations) | I run a marketplace with supply-side shortages during weekends; what incentive schemes, dynamic pricing, or operational fixes can increase provider availability at peak times without alienating users? |
Business/strategy question (marketing, pricing, or operations) | We ran a 20% off promo last quarter and saw revenue spike but margins fell; how do I analyze whether these promotions are increasing customer lifetime value or simply attracting discount hunters? |
Legal reasoning (explain a legal concept or analyze a scenario) | I'm a tenant in California whose landlord entered my apartment without notice and changed the locks after I complained about mold—what legal claims could I bring and what damages might I be entitled to? |
Legal reasoning (explain a legal concept or analyze a scenario) | Explain the difference between negligence and strict liability in product liability cases, with concrete examples of when each theory would apply. |
Legal reasoning (explain a legal concept or analyze a scenario) | A friend signed an employment contract with a non-compete clause in Texas but was laid off after six months and wants to work for a competitor in the same city; how enforceable is the non-compete and what arguments could she use to challenge it? |
Legal reasoning (explain a legal concept or analyze a scenario) | Can a written will be invalidated if the testator was on medication that might affect cognition; outline the legal standards for testamentary capacity and undue influence in New York. |
Legal reasoning (explain a legal concept or analyze a scenario) | If a company uses my copyrighted photos on their website without permission but claims fair use for promotional content, how do courts analyze fair use and what factors would weigh in my favor? |
Legal reasoning (explain a legal concept or analyze a scenario) | I'm being charged with possession of a small amount of marijuana in a state where recreational use is legal but I was arrested inside a federal building—what jurisdictional issues and potential defenses should I consider? |
Legal reasoning (explain a legal concept or analyze a scenario) | Explain how the doctrine of respondeat superior applies when an Uber driver injures a pedestrian — can the company be held vicariously liable and what factors determine whether the driver is an employee or independent contractor? |
Legal reasoning (explain a legal concept or analyze a scenario) | A business partner transferred company funds to a new entity they control without telling me; what fiduciary duties might have been breached and what remedies are available under Delaware corporate law? |
Legal reasoning (explain a legal concept or analyze a scenario) | How does the 'reasonable expectation of privacy' test apply to employer monitoring of workplace emails and keystrokes, and what federal privacy protections or limits exist for employees? |
Legal reasoning (explain a legal concept or analyze a scenario) | In a negligence case where the plaintiff was found 30% at fault, how do comparative negligence and contributory negligence regimes affect the plaintiff's recovery, and which U.S. jurisdictions still apply contributory negligence? |
Medical/health question (symptoms, treatments, or biology) | I've had a persistent dry cough and mild shortness of breath for three weeks after a cold; what could be causing this and when should I see a doctor? |
Medical/health question (symptoms, treatments, or biology) | My 8-year-old has recurring ear pain and fluid buildup after multiple colds; what are the treatment options and when is ear tube surgery recommended? |
Medical/health question (symptoms, treatments, or biology) | I recently started taking an SSRI and have been experiencing sexual side effects and low libido; how long do these usually last and are there management strategies? |
Medical/health question (symptoms, treatments, or biology) | What's the difference between ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease in terms of symptoms, typical locations in the GI tract, and long-term complications? |
Medical/health question (symptoms, treatments, or biology) | I've been getting frequent headaches at the base of my skull after switching to a standing desk—could posture cause occipital neuralgia, and what simple exercises or ergonomic changes help? |
Medical/health question (symptoms, treatments, or biology) | I've noticed a new, painless lump in my breast that's firm and doesn't move; I'm 34 and breastfeeding—how worried should I be and what steps should I take? |
Medical/health question (symptoms, treatments, or biology) | Are there evidence-based lifestyle changes that can reduce the risk of dementia, and which interventions have the strongest support from randomized trials? |
Medical/health question (symptoms, treatments, or biology) | I have seasonal allergic rhinitis but want to avoid daily antihistamines; are there effective non-pharmacologic options or intermittent medications I can try? |
Medical/health question (symptoms, treatments, or biology) | My fasting blood glucose was 110 mg/dL and A1C 5.9%; how do I interpret these results regarding prediabetes, and what diet/exercise plan would be most effective to reverse it? |
Medical/health question (symptoms, treatments, or biology) | I've been told I have mild mitral valve prolapse on echocardiogram; what symptoms should prompt urgent evaluation, and are there activity restrictions or treatments I should consider? |
Philosophy/ethics dilemma (trolley problem style or applied ethics) | Classic trolley problem: a runaway tram will kill five workers on the track unless you flip a switch to divert it onto a side track where it will kill one worker — is it morally permissible to pull the switch, and which ethical principles support your answer? |
Philosophy/ethics dilemma (trolley problem style or applied ethics) | Imagine you can push a large person off a footbridge to stop a trolley and save five people on the track below; how does this "push" scenario differ morally from pulling a lever, and what role do intentions and personal involvement play? |
Philosophy/ethics dilemma (trolley problem style or applied ethics) | A self-driving car must choose between swerving to avoid hitting a group of pedestrians and crashing into a wall, likely killing its passenger; what decision algorithm should manufacturers implement, who should set the priorities, and how should liability be assigned? |
Philosophy/ethics dilemma (trolley problem style or applied ethics) | During a severe pandemic there are only two ventilators and three patients: a 30-year-old single parent with high survival odds, a 70-year-old renowned scientist with moderate odds, and a 40-year-old essential worker with comorbidities and low odds — how should doctors allocate the ventilators and which ethical framewo... |
Philosophy/ethics dilemma (trolley problem style or applied ethics) | Suppose a surgeon could save five dying patients by killing one healthy person and harvesting their organs, knowing it would succeed — can any ethical theory justify doing this, and what broader social consequences should factor into the decision? |
Philosophy/ethics dilemma (trolley problem style or applied ethics) | An online platform can remove a major viral falsehood that is likely to influence an upcoming election, but doing so would suppress content from a grassroots movement and risk accusations of censorship; how should the platform balance harm reduction against free expression, and what procedural safeguards would make cen... |
Philosophy/ethics dilemma (trolley problem style or applied ethics) | A government must choose between imposing a steep carbon tax that would slow climate change but disproportionately hurt low-income households, or delaying action and risking greater long-term harm — how should policymakers weigh present distributive justice against future lives, and what compensatory measures would mak... |
Philosophy/ethics dilemma (trolley problem style or applied ethics) | Researchers want to perform painful neurological experiments on a small number of great apes to develop a treatment that could prevent a debilitating human disease; how should we weigh the moral status and suffering of the apes against potential human benefits, and are there acceptable alternatives or thresholds? |
Philosophy/ethics dilemma (trolley problem style or applied ethics) | Mass surveillance of citizens could plausibly prevent a terrorist attack but would collect intimate data on millions of innocent people; what ethical criteria should determine when such surveillance is justified, and what oversight or sunset clauses are necessary to protect rights? |
Philosophy/ethics dilemma (trolley problem style or applied ethics) | If voting strategically for a less-preferred candidate could prevent a worse outcome, is tactical voting morally permissible or does it betray civic integrity, and how should voters balance personal principles against consequential outcomes? |
Data analysis (interpret data, statistics, or a chart description) | I have a line chart of monthly website visits for two years showing a seasonal peak every July and an upward trend starting mid-2023; how can I quantify the seasonality and trend and forecast visits for the next 6 months? |
Data analysis (interpret data, statistics, or a chart description) | A bar chart compares average test scores across four teaching methods with error bars; two methods look similar but one has a slightly higher mean—how do I determine if that difference is statistically significant? |
Data analysis (interpret data, statistics, or a chart description) | I ran a regression predicting sales from price, advertising spend, and season, and price has a negative coefficient but p=0.08; should I consider price an important predictor, and how should I report this result? |
Data analysis (interpret data, statistics, or a chart description) | Here's a table: control group conversion 2.1% (n=8,000) and variant conversion 2.6% (n=8,200); compute whether this A/B test result is significant and estimate the 95% confidence interval for the difference. |
Data analysis (interpret data, statistics, or a chart description) | A scatterplot shows a correlation of 0.6 between hours studied and exam score, but there's one student with very high hours and low score—how do I assess whether that outlier is driving the correlation and what to do about it? |
Data analysis (interpret data, statistics, or a chart description) | Survey results show 40% satisfied, 30% neutral, 30% dissatisfied from a sample of 500; what's the margin of error for the satisfied proportion and how confident can we be this reflects the population? |
Data analysis (interpret data, statistics, or a chart description) | I have monthly revenue by product category in a stacked area chart; several categories overlap and it's hard to see trends—what visualization would better show each category's trend and relative contribution over time? |
Data analysis (interpret data, statistics, or a chart description) | My dataset has multicollinearity: advertising spend on TV and online are highly correlated; how can I detect and address multicollinearity, and what effect will it have on coefficient interpretation? |
Data analysis (interpret data, statistics, or a chart description) | A Kaplan–Meier curve compares time-to-churn for two cohorts and they diverge after 12 months; how do I test whether the difference is statistically significant and quantify the effect size? |
Data analysis (interpret data, statistics, or a chart description) | I did a PCA and the first two components explain 55% of variance; how do I interpret the component loadings to understand which original variables drive those components and whether I should reduce dimensionality? |
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