url stringlengths 29 150 | title stringlengths 3 98 | content stringlengths 77 393k |
|---|---|---|
https://wikisocion.github.io/ | Wikisocion Archive¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Wikisocion Archive
¶
This is a static archive of the
wikisocion
website, which is a famous English website about
Socionics
. However, for unknown reason, the website is down in August 2021, which is a huge loss for the Socionics community. This website is created according to the archive of Wikisocion in March 2021. According to the website, the Wikisocion website is licensed under the GFDL license and the primary authors of the original website include Rick DeLong, mu4, Expat, Siuntal, Thehotelambush etc.
Wikisocion home
¶
Wikisocion is a site for the whole socionics community. Its purpose is to bring together and organize information in a way that allows anyone to improve and clarify it. Wikisocion is a non-commercial, permanent project that does not represent the interests of any single school of socionics, but is instead meant to accurately describe socionics as a whole and be a platform for numerous collaborative research projects. For Wikisocion moderation issues and edit access requests, please contact mu4 at
http://the16types.info
English-speaking socionics community.
New to Socionics? read our
Introduction to socionics
.
Socionics Types
¶
Socionics Type Tests
Intro to Socionics Type Names
Type Descriptions
ILE (ENTp)
-
SEI (ISFp)
-
ESE (ESFj)
-
LII (INTj)
SLE (ESTp)
-
IEI (INFp)
-
EIE (ENFj)
-
LSI (ISTj)
SEE (ESFp)
-
ILI (INTp)
-
LIE (ENTj)
-
ESI (ISFj)
IEE (ENFp)
-
SLI (ISTp)
-
LSE (ESTj)
-
EII (INFj)
Theory
¶
Information elements
Functions
and
Model A
Small groups
, especially
Quadras
Intertype Relations
Dichotomies
:
Functional
-
Elemental
-
Jungian
-
Reinin
Classical Socionics
Background
¶
Carl Jung’s Psychological Types
Antoni Kępiński’s Information Metabolism (IM)
Additional Topics
¶
Articles: see
Site map
Jungian and Reinin Dichotomies
Subtype systems
Intertype relations
General issues:
Axioms
,
common biases
,
complementarity
,
J/P Switch
,
subtype
,
type diagnosis
,
type distribution
and
visual identification
Hypothesis: ideas that are not widely recognized, such as
Integral type
,
Quadra succession
,
Dimensionality
and
Dual-type theory
.
Socionic Resource
¶
Socionics books and journals
Socionics resources in English
Socionics Schools, Clubs and Organizations
Socionics discussion forums
Applications and community
¶
Socionists
Meetings and seminars
Famous people types
Type domains
Applications of socionics
Vocabulary
Artwork
Music
and
images
.
Indices and tables
¶
Site Map
Index
Module Index
Search Page
Links
¶
Backup in March 2021 |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/introduction_socionics.html | Introduction to socionics¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Introduction to socionics
¶
Socionics
(
IPA <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Phonetic_Alphabet>
:
/?so?si’niks/ <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPA_chart_for_English>
)
is a theory of interpersonal interaction based on patterns of
information selection and processing. Socionics has 16
types
and 16 kinds of
intertype relations
.
Furthermore, it divides information itself into
8 varieties
.
The primary source of inspiration for socionics was
Jung’s Typology
. Socionics developed in the 1970s and 80s
in the former Soviet Union and was cut off from western psychology,
including similar typological systems such as the
MBTI
. Today
socionics is popular in the Russian speaking world and is beginning to
make inroads into other cultural realms.
For readers familiar with the MBTI, socionics will seem easy to grasp at
first, but readers should be careful to note differences in theory and
descriptions. Much knowledge from the MBTI cannot be carried over neatly
into Socionics, because the definitions of fundamental concepts, and the
behaviors predicted by the two theories, do not exactly match. Any
correspondence between types is provisional at best.
Recommendations for studying socionics
¶
At the moment there are no courses on socionics taught outside the
former Soviet Union, and only this summer have the first books in
English been published. However, there is a lot of information on
socionics available from different sources on the Internet. By combining
personal study with some
forum interaction
or meeting with other people who study socionics, you can learn it quite
well without courses.
Much of the theory of socionics is explained in terms of
Model A
and
information elements
.
However, to gain a full understanding of socionics - and especially
intertype relations
- it is necessary to see it in practice. A good way to begin is by
determining
your own type, as well as those of your
family, friends, and even casual acquaintances. Human behavior is messy,
so keep in mind that not everything may fit exactly. When in doubt,
consider relationships before behavior; relationships, while perhaps the
most abstract part of socionics, lie at its foundation. Use all
available resources to your advantage; discussion with other socionics
enthusiasts can be both educating and fun.
Resources for beginners
¶
For more introductory information, visit our page of
socionics resources
or browse through our section on
classical socionics
. |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/links.html | Wikisocion: Links¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Wikisocion: Links
¶
This is a collection of links to English-language websites on socionics.
Socionics resources in English
¶
Websites with introductions and articles available in English:
The16types.info translated
articles
English-speaking socionics community.
Wikipedia: Introduction to
Socionics
. Introductory
information.
Socioniko.net
by Dmitriy Lytov. General information on socionics.
Socionics in the
West
and
The Ex-Socionist
blog by
Rick DeLong
. General information on socionics.
Socionics Study
Blogspot
Sociotype.com
socionics
tests and intertype relationship calculator.
Socionics Research
Institute
by Tatiana Prokofieva.
School of Applied Socionics
by Elena Udalova
Psychotypes.com
by Oleg
Khrulev, Elena Zamanskaya and Igor Vaisband.
Esocionika.com
new socionics website.
School of System Socionics
translated main site of School of System Socionics.
International Institute of
Socionics
at Kiev, Ukraine.
Difinitive Socionics
Info
wiki by Spencer
Stern, author of “Socionics Demystified”.
Socionics and MBTI and Western Typologies: Speaking Different
Languages, Striving for the
Same
Socionics.com
by
Sergei
Ganin
. General information on socionics. See also
the
Socionics.com
article on Wikisocion.
Associative socionics website
by Olga
Tangemann
Socionics forums
¶
English-speaking forums.
The16types.info
General
socionics discussion.
Socionics Meetups and Facebook
groups
Personality Cafe Socionics
Subforum
Typology Central Socionics
Discussions
Sociotype.com discussion
board
School of System Socionics
forum
Socionics.com forum
General
socionics discussion. Requires registration to view.
Socionics on Reddit
General
socionics discussion.
Socionix.com
archived socionics discussions.
Associative Socionics forum
Russian-speaking forums.
Socionik.com
Socioforum.su
Socionics.org
School of Humanitarian Socionics
forum
Socionics Research Institute
forum
Vilnius School of
Socionics
Socionica.com
Socioclub.org
Delta Quadra forum
Socionics Tests
¶
Compilation of socionics tests.
Sociotype.com Socionics
Test
Shortened online form of V. Talanov
Inventory
The Splendid Socionics Test
(reboot)
Socionictest.net Type
Test
Gulenko’s Socionics Type
Test
Sociotypograph - Reinin Dichotomies Test by Mikhail
Zhilkin
Sindri’s Dichotomy and Type
Calculator
Mnenomic Table of
Types
Socionics Type Assistant
TURBO
Socionics Type Assistant
by
Sergei Ganin
.
Mnemonic Table of Socionic
Types
by
Dmitriy and Marianna Lytov.
Other
Tests
‘’’Associative socionics
tests
Socionics Schools, Clubs, and Organizations
¶
For a complete list, see the organizations and
schools <:Category:Organizations_and_schools and
meetings categories.
Humanitarian Socionics
(
Victor
Gulenko
) -
automatic
translation
,
original
School of Humanitarian Socionics
(
Victor
Gulenko
) -
automatic
translation
,
original
School of System Socionics
(
Irina Eglit, Vladimir
Ermak
) -
English
version
,
automatic
translation
,
original
School of Applied Socionics
(
Elena
Udalova
) -
automatic
translation
,
original
Center of Applied Socionics
(
Liubov
Beskova
) -
automatic
translation
,
original
Socionics Research Institute
(
Tatiana
Prokofieva
) -
automatic
translation
,
original
School of Associative Socionics
(
Olga
Tangemann
) -
main
website.
Dynamic Socionics
(
Vladimir Mironov
) -
automatic
translation
,
original
Modern Socionics
(
Vladimir Lvov
) -
automatic
translation
,
original
Kaliningrad Center of Socionics and Modern Psychology
(Alexandr
Popov) -
automatic
translation
,
original
Socionics Practicum
(
Vera Novikova
) -
automatic
translation
,
original
Ural School of Socionics
(Vera Borisova) -
automatic
translation
,
original
Center of Practical Psychology and Socionics
(
Irina and Sergey
Beletski
) -
automatic
translation
,
original
School of Physiognomic Socionics
(Timofey Duhovskiy) -
automatic
translation
,
original
School of Structural Socionics
(Pavel Tsipin, Aleksei Trehov) -
automatic
translation
,
original
Socionists
¶
For list of people engaged in research and advancement of socionics see
Socionists
.
Socionics Resources in Russian
¶
Zanoza Socionics
Encyclopedia
Wikipedia:
Socionics
Socionics.org
Socionic.ru
Socionika.info
Socioniko.net
Humanitarian Socionics:
Publications
Stratiyevsaya’s blog
Socionics in Kaliningrad
Socioscope.com
VK: Socionics in Pictures
VK: Socionics Cafe
SSS type database
Socioinfo.ru
Sociotypes.ru
Socionics Wiki
16ego.ru
Famo.ru
Steering Wheel of Kalinayskasa
Socionics
Socionics books and journals
¶
Socionics books:
Understanding the People Around You: An Introduction to
Socionics
by E. Filatova, 2010.
The Mysteries of Type. Models. Groups.
Traits.
by Grigory Reinin, 2010.
YOU - THEY: Your Bother Or Your
Power
by Dmitry Slomov, 2016.
Socionics Demystified: A New Social Psychology for Understanding Relationships
by Spencer Stern, 2007.
How to Find Yourself and Your Best
Match
by Rod Novichkov
MBTI and Socionics: Legacy of Dr. Carl
Jung
by Sergei Moshenkov
Socionics books in Russian from
socion.org
Socionics journals:
Socionics, Mentology, and Psychology of
Personality
Management and Personnel: Psychology of management, Socionics and
Sociology
Psychology and Socionics of interpersonal
relations
Other publications from e-bookinist.com -
automatic
translation
,
original
Socionics dating sites
¶
Socionics-based dating sites in Russian. At the present moment, there
are no active socionics based English-language dating websites in
existence.
Socionics Dating Facebook
Group
Socionics.org dating
section
Your-ideal.com
Dual-union.com
SocionicsDating.com
Sociolove.com
Socionics sites in other languages
¶
Socioniko.net
. Also known as Socionics
Atlas of Dmitriy Lytov.
Websites in Russian can be translated with
Google
Translate
. See also the catalog of
Russian language
sites
.
(temporarily unavailable due to encoding problems at the
Russian
Wikisocion
)
Socjonika
Polish socionics site with
forum. Makes frequent reference to Wikisocion.
MBTI related links
¶
See
Myers-Briggs Typology
.
Wiki sites on related topics
¶
The Psychology Wiki
Extensive general psychology resource.
PsychWiki
Focuses on
social and personality psychology. |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/type_names.html | Type names¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Type names
¶
This article describes and explains various ways of naming types in socionics.
Full Type Names
¶
The full type name for each socionics type is based on naming the Jungian dichotomies of:
the first and second function of the type: Ti/Te - Logical, Fi/Fe - Ethical, Ni/Se - Intuitive, Si/Se - Sensing.
the introverted-extraverted orientation of the first function: Ni, Ti, Si, Fi - Introvert or Introtim; Se, Ne, Fe, Te - Extravert or Extratim.
Warning
This is the basic and the minimum amount of information that is needed to identify a type.
On example of type with Ni in first function and Te in second function -
ILI (Ni,Te)
- the full name for this type would be Intuitive - Ni, intuition, as first function, Logical - Te, logic, in second function, Introtim - introverted intuition in first function. In this example, “Intuitive Logical” describes the nature of the first and second function that form this type’s
ego block
, and “Introtim” denotes the E/I-orientation of this type’s first function.
On example of type with Fe in first function and Si in second function -
ESE (Fe,Si)
- the full name of this type would be Ethical - Fe, ethics, as first function, Sensing - Si, sensing, as second function, Extratim - extraverted feeling in first function. Here “Ethical Sensing” describes the nature of the first and second function, and “Extratim” denotes the E/I-orientation of this type’s first function.
The following table lists full type names for 16 socionics types.
Full Type Names
¶
Ego
Full type name
Ego
Full type name
(Ne, Ti)
Intuitive Logical Extrotim
(Si, Fe)
Sensing Ethical Introtim
(Fe, Si)
Ethical Sensing Extrotim
(Ti, Ne)
Logical Intuitive Introtim
(Se, Ti)
Sensing Logical Extrotim
(Ni, Fe)
Intuitive Ethical Introtim
(Fe, Ni)
Ethical Intuitive Extrotim
(Ti, Se)
Logical Sensing Introtim
(Se, Fi)
Sensing Ethical Extrotim
(Ni, Te)
Intuitive Logical Introtim
(Te, Ni)
Logical Intuitive Extrotim
(Fi, Se)
Ethical Sensing Introtim
(Ne, Fi)
Intuitive Ethical Extrotim
(Si, Te)
Sensing Logical Introtim
(Te, Si)
Logical Sensing Extrotim
(Fi, Ne)
Ethical Intuitive Introtim
Three-Letter Type Codes
¶
The three-letter code simply takes the first letter of each word of the full name of the type to create a 3-letter abbreviation. The following is a table of 16 types of the socion represented by three-letter codes:
Three-Letter Type Codes
¶
Ego
Code
Ego
Code
(Ne, Ti)
ILE
(Si, Fe)
SEI
(Fe, Si)
ESE
(Ti, Ne)
LII
(Se, Ti)
SLE
(Ni, Fe)
IEI
(Fe, Ni)
EIE
(Ti, Se)
LSI
(Se, Fi)
SEE
(Ni, Te)
ILI
(Te, Ni)
LIE
(Fi, Se)
ESI
(Ne, Fi)
IEE
(Si, Te)
SLI
(Te, Si)
LSE
(Fi, Ne)
EII
Three-letter codes are the most common way of denoting types. Some people who get involved with socionics prefer to use the 3-letter type codes to other type naming conventions for several reasons.
They are short and quick to write, saving time in typing and space in text and presentations.
Unlike 4-letter codes, they are not likely to get confused for MBTI types, which are also denoted by 4 letters, opening doors to potential confusion.
Unlike type pseudonyms, such as “Dumas” or “Hamlet”, they don’t create opportunities to mistake the properties of socionics TIMs for biographical details and personal characteristics of the personages and historical personalities after which they were named.
Their drawback, of course, is that it takes some time and practice to memorize the 3-letter codes, especially for people coming to Socionics with a background in MBTI.
Four-Letter Type Codes
¶
In English-speaking socionics communities sometimes four-letter codes are used instead of the more orthodox three-letter coding. The letters for the four-letter names are derived from
Carl Jung’s original dichotomies
: Intuition-Sensing, Feeling-Thinking, Introversion-Extroversion, and Judging-Perceiving.
Jungian dichotomies and letter symbols
¶
Dichotomy
either
or
Extroversion-Introversion
E (Extrovert)
I (Introvert)
Intuition-Sensing
N (Intuitive)
S (Sensing)
Logical-Ethical
T (Logical)
F (Ethical)
Judging-Perceiving
j (Judging)
p (Perceiving)
The functions that are called “judging” in MBTI and in the works of Carl Jung, Thinking and Feeling – are called
Rational
in Socionics.
The functions that are called “perceiving” in MBTI and Jung’s writing, Intuition and Sensing – are known as
Irrational
in Socionics.
In Socionics 4-letter type names the last j/p letter is always determined by the nature of the first or leading function of the type.
If the 1st function of the type holds a rational (judging) element T/F, then the last letter is ‘j’.
If the 1st function of the type holds an irrational (perceiving) element N/S, then the last letter is ‘p’.
The last ‘j’ and ‘p’ letters of Socionics 4-letter type names constitute a Socionics dichotomy called
Rationality-Irrationality
.
Types that have a rational (judging) aspect F or T as their leading function are called Rational types.
Types that have an irrational (perceiving) aspect N or S as their leading one are called Irrational types.
For example, type ILI (Ni,Te) has the first function of Ni, which is a perceiving (irrational) element. Thus, in 4-letter type nomenclature this type is denoted as INTp, with the last letter ‘p’ denoting the perceiving element positioned in this type’s first or leading function. The type INTp (ILI) is one of the irrational types in Socionics.
On example of type LII (Ti,Ne) that has the first function of Ti: since this type’s first function is occupied by a judging (rational) element Ti, this type is denoted as INTj, with the last letter ‘j’ denoting the rational (judging) nature of its leading function. The type INTj (LII) is one of the rational types in Socionics.
The above forms a distinction between Socionics 4-letter codes and MBTI 4-letter codes
. The J/P letter in MBTI is determined on basis of highest order extroverted function of the type, which for introverted types is not the same as the first function. For instance, the type that has Ni as its first function and Te as its second function in MBTI is denoted as INTJ, with a “J” as the last letter, since its highest order extroverted function is Te - a judging element - while this type is denoted as INTp in socionics, having a perceiving function (Ni) as the first one.
In summary
:
In Socionics, the last j/p letter is always determined by the first or leading function.
In MBTI, the last J/P letter is always determined by the highest order extraverted function - which is not the same as the first function for introverted types.
Warning
The above is one of the reasons why MBTI 4-letter codes cannot be converted letter-for-letter to Socionics 4-letter codes.
To highlight this difference, Socionics 4-letter type codes are written with a
lower case
“j” or “p” at the end to distinguish Socionics type names (e.g. INFj, ENTp) from MBTI type names that have J/P as a capital letter (e.g. ESFP, ISTJ) (although some socionists like Reinin initially used all capital letters).
4-letter codes
¶
3-letter
4-letter
3-letter
4-letter
ILE
ENTp
SEI
ISFp
ESE
ESFj
LII
INTj
SLI
ESTp
IEI
INFp
EIE
ENTj
LSI
ISTj
SEE
ESFp
ILI
INTp
LIE
ENTj
ESI
ISFj
IEE
ENFp
SLI
ISTp
LSE
ESTj
EII
INFj
Four-letter codes are very often found in English-speaking socionics websites, and less frequently on Russian-speaking socionics websites. The popularization of this system of nomenclature among the English-speaking socionics community is often accredited to
Sergei Ganin
.
Benefits of 4-letter code type denominations:
They make it easier to remember dichotomies and intertype relations.
They allow to specify groups of types more concisely (e.g., Ij for introverted rational type, or simply N for intuitive types).
They are easier to remember for people who are already familiar with MBTI notations and are learning Socionics ones. Three-letter codes, in comparison, take some time and practice to memorize. For this reason, Socionics articles written to target English-speaking audience will often use four-letter codes to denote types, rather than three-letter codes, symbols, or type pseudonyms.
Drawbacks:
Four-letter codes can encourage dichotomous typing, which can cause misinterpretation of contradictory properties.
They are easy to confuse with Myers-Briggs types, especially if care is not taken to write the last letter in lower case. This may result in erroneous conceptions regarding the nature and characteristics of types in Socionics.
Two-Letter Codes
¶
The two letter-codes were created by
Victor Gulenko
. They are even shorter than the traditional 3-letter codes, as they use 1 letter to denote the first two
functions
of the type. This is the most concise type naming system used in socionics that uses letters or words. It is essentially equivalent to using the symbols associated with the first two functions.
The letter associated with each
IM element
is the first letter of words whose meaning is closely related to the use of the element. This endows this naming system with an advantage that it can be used internationally, since the names are in Latin letters and are derived from Latin roots.
Elements are denoted by the Latin letters F, I, P, E, S, T, L and R.
Codes for Elements
¶
Element
Letter
Name
Related words
Se
F
factor
force, fact
Ne
I
intueor
insight, inspire, idea
Te
P
profiteor
profit, produce
Fe
E
emoveo
emotion, express
Si
S
sensus
sensation, sense
Ni
T
tempus
time, temporal
Ti
L
lex
logic, law
Fi
R
relatio
relate, relation
two-letter codes
¶
3-letter
2-letter
3-letter
2-letter
ILE
IL
SEI
SE
ESE
ES
LII
LI
SLE
FL
IEI
TE
EIE
ET
LSI
LF
SEE
FR
ILI
TP
LIE
PT
ESI
RF
IEE
IR
SLI
SP
LSE
PS
EII
RI
Geometric Symbol and Function Names
¶
Socionics types can be named by specifying the first and the second element of the given type’s ego block. This is enough information provided to identify the type. These elements can be written as letters (e.g. NeFi) or as symbols (e.g.
). Some socionists prefer not to use the IE shapes nomenclature, considering it to be hard to adjust to for beginners and not a serious approach to terminology.
The symbols used to denote the first and second functions of the type are as follows:
Sensing (
/
) is portrayed by a circle, representing the entirety of reality.
Intuition (
/
) is portrayed by a triangle which fits inside the circle, but has sharp points of “insight”.
Logic (
/
) is portrayed by a square, representing logical thought and reason.
Ethics (
/
) is portrayed by a square with a ‘chip’ taken out of it, representing partiality and a rejection of reason alone.
These symbols were chosen by
A. Augusta
to reflect certain qualities of perception associated with each element. For instance, the extraverted elements are shaded in, representing characteristics of objects, while introverted ones are empty, representing the inner space of the subject.
English nicknames
¶
English nicknames are translations of similar type names used by many Russian socionists. The idea behind these names is to capture a common social role or common characteristics displayed by people of the type. These names have not caught on very well in English-language socionics, in which the three- and four-letter codes are much more popular. These nicknames can be seen at summary chart of type names.
Popular Russian pseudonyms
¶
Type pseudonyms are very popular in the Russian speaking socionics community, but are generally avoided in research articles. Originally, Augusta assigned literary and historical figures to each type to make them easier to remember, and this practice quickly caught on in the more literature-aware Russian-speaking society. Later many socionists came to question the typings behind a couple of the pseudonyms, namely “Napoleon” (most now consider him SLE instead of SEE, as Augusta typed him).
Some socionists question the appropriateness of type pseudonyms, since the types of historical figures and literary characters are always open to dispute. Gulenko proposed his own system of pseudonyms using common social roles of each type similar to those used in Myers-Briggs Typology.
When describing the types, Augusta and fellow socionists thought of pseudonyms, or nicknames, for them based on historical or fictional figures supposedly of that type. These names, with a few variations, remain popular with Russian-language socionists, who often use them in articles. The disadvantage of this system is that it is based purely on memorization, and lacks any theoretical content.
Summary Chart of Socionics Type Names
¶
Navigating through competing terminology in socionics can be difficult. Here is a chart with all type naming systems that the reader is likely to ever encounter. The most official and universally recognized names are the names in bold (with links to type descriptions).
Summary Chart of Type Names
¶
Ego elements
Full name
3l
4l
2l
nicknames
pseudonyms
Ne, Ti (
)
Intuitive Logical Extratim
ILE
ENTp
IL
Seeker, Inventor
Don Quixote
Si, Fe (
)
Sensing Ethical Introtim
SEI
ISFp
SE
Mediator, Peacemaker
Dumas
Fe, Si (
)
Ethical Sensing Extratim
ESE
ESFj
ES
Enthusiast, Bonvivant
Hugo
Ti, Ne (
)
Logical Intuitive Introtim
LII
INTj
LI
Analyst
Robespierre
Fe, Ni (
)
Ethical Intuitive Extratim
EIE
ENFj
ET
Actor, Mentor
Hamlet
Ti, Se (
)
Logical Sensing Introtim
LSI
ISTj
LF
Inspector, Pragmatist
Maxim Gorky
Se, Ti (
)
Sensing Logical Extratim
SLE
ESTp
FL
Conqueror, Legionnaire, Marshal
Zhukov, Beetles
Ni, Fe (
)
Intuitive Ethical Introtim
IEI
INFp
TE
Romantic, Lyricist
Esenin, Tutankhamun
Se, Fi (
)
Sensing Ethical Extratim
SEE
ESFp
FR
Politician, Ambassador
Napoleon, Caesar
Ni, Te (
)
Intuitive Logical Introtim
ILI
INTp
TP
Critic, Observer
Balzac
Te, Ni (
)
Logical Intuitive Extratim
LIE
ENTj
PT
Enterpriser, Pioneer
Jack London
Fi, Se (
)
Ethical Sensing Introtim
ESI
ISFj
RT
Guardian, Conservator
Dreiser
Te, Si (
)
Logical Sensing Extratim
LSE
ESTj
PS
Director, Administrator
Stirlitz, Sherlock Holmes (rare)
Fi, Ne (
)
Ethical Intuitive Introtim
EII
INFj
RI
Empath, Humanist
Dostoevsky, Watson (rare)
Ne, Fi (
)
Intuitive Ethical Extratim
IEE
ENFp
IR
Psychologist, Reporter
Huxley, Tom Sawyer (rare)
Si, Te (
)
Sensing Logical Introtim
SLI
ISTp
SP
Craftsman, Artisan
Gabin |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/ILE.html | Intuitive Logical Extratim (ILE)¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Intuitive Logical Extratim (ILE)
¶
Intuitive Logical Extratim
Type abbreviations: ILE, ENTp, IL
Ego Block Elements: NeTi (
)
Nicknames: Seeker, Inventor, Don, or archetype
Don Quixote
.
ILE(ENTp) Model A
¶
Inert
Contact
Properties
Blocks
Ne
1st
Program function
Ti
2nd
Creative function
conscious
valued
Ego
Fi
4th
Vulnerable function
Ti
3rd
Role function
conscious
not valued
Super-ego
Fe
6th
Activating function
Ti
5th
Suggestive function
unconscious
valued
Super-id
Fe
7th
Ignoring function
Ti
8th
Demonstrative function
unconscious
not valued
Id
ILE
Dichotomies
and
Small Groups
¶
Jungain
:
Extroverted
·
Intuitive
·
Logical
·
Irrational
Reinin
:
Static
·
Yielding
·
Democratic
·
Tactical
·
Constructivist
·
Carefree
·
Merry
·
Judicious
·
Positivist
·
Process
·
Asking
Small groups
:
Alpha Quadra
·
Researchers
·
EP temperament
·
Business-like
·
Childlike
·
Project Groups
Forms of Thinking
:
Causal-Determinist Cognition
Type Profiles
:
ILE Profile by Gulenko
ILE Profile by Filatova
ILE Profile by Stratiyevskaya
ILE type description by Grigory Reinin
ILE characteristic by Meged and Ovcharov
ILE male and female portraits by Beskova
ILE description by Bukalov and Boiko
Wikisocion ILE composite
Socionics Type Profiles by T. Prokofieva and M. Kuzmina
ILE description from Socionics.ua
ILE description by Weisband and Aushra
ILE profile by Golihov
ILE profile by Zamanskaya
ILE description by Voroschenko - pathologies
ILE description by Blohin - associative
ILE description from Socioscope.com
ILE profile by Piatnitskiy
See also
:
ILE subtypes
ILE photographs by Filatova
ILE domain
ILE observations
Type names
Famous people
Intertype relations
:
SEI-ILE dual relations by Meged and Ovcharov
SEI-ILE dual relations by Meged (extended)
SEI-ILE Recommendations for Harmonization of Relations by Meged
SEI-ILE dual relations by Gulenko
SEI-ILE dual relations by A. Aushra
(untranslated)
SEI-ILE dual relations by Stratiyevskaya
(untranslated)
Romantic and Sexual Behavior of Quadras and Subtypes
ILE
Intertype relations
¶
Identical
ILE
Dual
SEI
Activator
ESE
Mirror
LII
Kindred
IEE
Semi-dual
SLI
Benefactor
LSE
Supervisor
EII
Super-Ego
SEE
Extinguishment
ILI
Quasi-identical
LIE
Conflictor
ESI
Business
SLE
Mirage
IEI
Beneficiary
EIE
Supervisee
LSI
Socionics Type Descriptions
¶
Alpha Quadra
ILE(ENTp)
SEI(ISFp)
ESE(ESFj)
LII(INTj)
Beta Quadra
SLE(ESTp)
IEI(INFp)
EIE(ENFj)
LSI(ISTj)
Gamma Quadra
SEE(ESFp)
ILI(INTp)
LIE(ENTj)
ESI(ISFj)
Delta Quadra
IEE(ENFp)
SLI(ISTp)
LSE(ESTj)
EII(INFj) |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/SEI.html | Sensing Ethical Introtim (SEI)¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Sensing Ethical Introtim (SEI)
¶
Sensing Ethical Introtim
Type abbreviations: SEI, ISFp, SE
Ego Block Elements: SiFe (
)
Nicknames: Mediator, Peacemaker, Dumas, or archetype
Alexandre Dumas
.
SEI(ISFp) Model A
¶
Inert
Contact
Properties
Blocks
Si
1st
Program function
Fe
2nd
Creative function
conscious
valued
Ego
Te
4th
Vulnerable function
Ni
3rd
Role function
conscious
not valued
Super-ego
Ti
6th
Activating function
Ne
5th
Suggestive function
unconscious
valued
Super-id
Se
7th
Ignoring function
Fi
8th
Demonstrative function
unconscious
not valued
Id
SEI
Dichotomies
and
Small Groups
¶
Jungain
:
Introverted
·
Sensing
·
Ethical
·
Irrational
Reinin
:
Dynamic
·
Yielding
·
Democratic
·
Strategic
·
Emotivist
·
Carefree
·
Merry
·
Judicious
·
Negativist
·
Process
·
Declaring
Small groups
:
Alpha Quadra
·
Socials
·
IP temperament
·
Sincere
·
Caring
·
Project Groups
Forms of Thinking
:
Dialectical-Algorithmic Cognition
Type Profiles
:
SEI Profile by Gulenko
SEI Profile by Filatova
SEI Profile by Stratiyevskaya
SEI type description by Grigory Reinin
SEI characteristic by Meged and Ovcharov
SEI male and female portraits by Beskova
SEI description by Bukalov and Boiko
Wikisocion SEI composite
Socionics Type Profiles by T. Prokofieva and M. Kuzmina
SEI description from Socionics.ua
SEI description by Weisband and Aushra
SEI profile by Golihov
SEI profile by Zamanskaya
SEI description by Voroschenko - pathologies
SEI description by Blohin - associative
SEI description from Socioscope.com
SEI profile by Piatnitskiy
See also
:
SEI subtypes
SEI photographs by Filatova
SEI domain
SEI observations
Type names
Famous people
Intertype relations
:
SEI-ILE dual relations by Meged and Ovcharov
SEI-ILE dual relations by Meged (extended)
SEI-ILE Recommendations for Harmonization of Relations by Meged
SEI-ILE dual relations by Gulenko
SEI-ILE dual relations by A. Aushra
(untranslated)
SEI-ILE dual relations by Stratiyevskaya
(untranslated)
Romantic and Sexual Behavior of Quadras and Subtypes
SEI
Intertype relations
¶
Identical
SEI
Dual
ILE
Activator
LII
Mirror
ESE
Kindred
SLI
Semi-dual
IEE
Benefactor
EII
Supervisor
LSE
Super-Ego
ILI
Extinguishment
SEE
Quasi-identical
ESI
Conflictor
LIE
Business
IEI
Mirage
SLE
Beneficiary
LSI
Supervisee
EIE
Socionics Type Descriptions
¶
Alpha Quadra
ILE(ENTp)
SEI(ISFp)
ESE(ESFj)
LII(INTj)
Beta Quadra
SLE(ESTp)
IEI(INFp)
EIE(ENFj)
LSI(ISTj)
Gamma Quadra
SEE(ESFp)
ILI(INTp)
LIE(ENTj)
ESI(ISFj)
Delta Quadra
IEE(ENFp)
SLI(ISTp)
LSE(ESTj)
EII(INFj) |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/ESE.html | Ethical Sensing Extratim (ESE)¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Ethical Sensing Extratim (ESE)
¶
Ethical Sensing Extratim
Type abbreviations: ESE, ESFj, ES
Ego Block Elements: FeSi (
)
Nicknames: Enthusiast, Bonvivant, Hugo, or archetype
Victor Hugo
.
ESE(ESFj) Model A
¶
Inert
Contact
Properties
Blocks
Fe
1st
Program function
Si
2nd
Creative function
conscious
valued
Ego
Ni
4th
Vulnerable function
Te
3rd
Role function
conscious
not valued
Super-ego
Ne
6th
Activating function
Ti
5th
Suggestive function
unconscious
valued
Super-id
Fi
7th
Ignoring function
Se
8th
Demonstrative function
unconscious
not valued
Id
ESE
Dichotomies
and
Small Groups
¶
Jungain
:
Extroverted
·
Sensing
·
Ethical
·
Rational
Reinin
:
Dynamic
·
Obstinate
·
Democratic
·
Tactical
·
Constructivist
·
Farsighted
·
Merry
·
Judicious
·
Positivist
·
Result
·
Declaring
Small groups
:
Alpha Quadra
·
Socials
·
EJ temperament
·
Passionate
·
Caring
·
Project Groups
Forms of Thinking
:
Vortical-Synergetic Cognition
Type Profiles
:
ESE Profile by Gulenko
ESE Profile by Filatova
ESE Profile by Stratiyevskaya
ESE type description by Grigory Reinin
ESE characteristic by Meged and Ovcharov
ESE male and female portraits by Beskova
ESE description by Bukalov and Boiko
Wikisocion ESE composite
Socionics Type Profiles by T. Prokofieva and M. Kuzmina
ESE description from Socionics.ua
ESE description by Weisband and Aushra
ESE profile by Golihov
ESE description by Voroschenko - pathologies
ESE description by Blohin - associative
ESE description from Socioscope.com
ESE profile by Piatnitskiy
See also
:
ESE subtypes
ESE photographs by Filatova
ESE domain
ESE observations
Type names
Famous people
Intertype relations
:
ESE-LII dual relations by Meged and Ovcharov
ESE-LII dual relations by Meged (extended)
ESE-LII Recommendations for Harmonization of Relations by Meged
ESE-LII dual relations by Gulenko
ESE-LII dual relations by A. Aushra
(untranslated)
ESE-LII dual relations by Stratiyevskaya
(untranslated)
Romantic and Sexual Behavior of Quadras and Subtypes
ESE
Intertype relations
¶
Identical
ESE
Dual
LII
Activator
ILE
Mirror
SEI
Kindred
EIE
Semi-dual
LSI
Benefactor
SLE
Supervisor
IEI
Super-Ego
LIE
Extinguishment
ESI
Quasi-identical
SEE
Conflictor
ILI
Business
LSE
Mirage
EII
Beneficiary
IEE
Supervisee
SLI
Socionics Type Descriptions
¶
Alpha Quadra
ILE(ENTp)
SEI(ISFp)
ESE(ESFj)
LII(INTj)
Beta Quadra
SLE(ESTp)
IEI(INFp)
EIE(ENFj)
LSI(ISTj)
Gamma Quadra
SEE(ESFp)
ILI(INTp)
LIE(ENTj)
ESI(ISFj)
Delta Quadra
IEE(ENFp)
SLI(ISTp)
LSE(ESTj)
EII(INFj) |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/LII.html | Logical Intuitive Introtim (LII)¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Logical Intuitive Introtim (LII)
¶
Logical Intuitive Introtim
Type abbreviations: LII, INTj, LI
Ego Block Elements: TiNe (
)
Nicknames: Analyst, Robespierre, or archetype
Maximilien Robespierre
.
LII(INTj) Model A
¶
Inert
Contact
Properties
Blocks
Ti
1st
Program function
Ne
2nd
Creative function
conscious
valued
Ego
Se
4th
Vulnerable function
Fi
3rd
Role function
conscious
not valued
Super-ego
Si
6th
Activating function
Fe
5th
Suggestive function
unconscious
valued
Super-id
Te
7th
Ignoring function
Ni
8th
Demonstrative function
unconscious
not valued
Id
LII
Dichotomies
and
Small Groups
¶
Jungain
:
Introverted
·
Intuitive
·
Logical
·
Rational
Reinin
:
Static
·
Obstinate
·
Democratic
·
Strategic
·
Emotivist
·
Farsighted
·
Merry
·
Judicious
·
Negativist
·
Result
·
Asking
Small groups
:
Alpha Quadra
·
Researchers
·
IJ temperament
·
Cold-blooded
·
Childlike
·
Project Groups
Forms of Thinking
:
Holographical-Panoramic Cognition
Type Profiles
:
LII Profile by Gulenko
LII Profile by Filatova
LII Profile by Stratiyevskaya
LII type description by Grigory Reinin
LII characteristic by Meged and Ovcharov
LII male and female portraits by Beskova
LII description by Bukalov and Boiko
Wikisocion LII composite
Socionics Type Profiles by T. Prokofieva and M. Kuzmina
LII description from Socionics.ua
LII description by Weisband and Aushra
LII profile by Golihov
LII profile by Zamanskaya
LII description by Voroschenko - pathologies
LII description by Blohin - associative
LII description from Socioscope.com
LII profile by Piatnitskiy
See also
:
LII subtypes
LII photographs by Filatova
LII domain
LII observations
Type names
Famous people
Intertype relations
:
ESE-LII dual relations by Meged and Ovcharov
ESE-LII dual relations by Meged (extended)
ESE-LII Recommendations for Harmonization of Relations by Meged
ESE-LII dual relations by Gulenko
ESE-LII dual relations by A. Aushra
(untranslated)
ESE-LII dual relations by Stratiyevskaya
(untranslated)
Romantic and Sexual Behavior of Quadras and Subtypes
LII
Intertype relations
¶
Identical
LII
Dual
ESE
Activator
SEI
Mirror
ILE
Kindred
LSI
Semi-dual
EIE
Benefactor
IEI
Supervisor
SLE
Super-Ego
ESI
Extinguishment
LIE
Quasi-identical
ILI
Conflictor
SEE
Business
EII
Mirage
LSE
Beneficiary
SLI
Supervisee
IEE
Socionics Type Descriptions
¶
Alpha Quadra
ILE(ENTp)
SEI(ISFp)
ESE(ESFj)
LII(INTj)
Beta Quadra
SLE(ESTp)
IEI(INFp)
EIE(ENFj)
LSI(ISTj)
Gamma Quadra
SEE(ESFp)
ILI(INTp)
LIE(ENTj)
ESI(ISFj)
Delta Quadra
IEE(ENFp)
SLI(ISTp)
LSE(ESTj)
EII(INFj) |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/SLE.html | Sensing Logical Extratim (SLE)¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Sensing Logical Extratim (SLE)
¶
Sensing Logical Extratim
Type abbreviations: SLE, ESTp, FL
Ego Block Elements: SeTi (
)
Nicknames: Conqueror, Legionnaire, Marshal, Zhukov, or archetype
Georgy Zhukov
.
SLE(ESTp) Model A
¶
Inert
Contact
Properties
Blocks
Se
1st
Program function
Ti
2nd
Creative function
conscious
valued
Ego
Fi
4th
Vulnerable function
Ne
3rd
Role function
conscious
not valued
Super-ego
Fe
6th
Activating function
Ni
5th
Suggestive function
unconscious
valued
Super-id
Si
7th
Ignoring function
Te
8th
Demonstrative function
unconscious
not valued
Id
SLE
Dichotomies
and
Small Groups
¶
Jungain
:
Extraverted
·
Sensing
·
Logical
·
Irrational
Reinin
:
Static
·
Yielding
·
Aristocratic
·
Strategic
·
Constructivist
·
Farsighted
·
Merry
·
Decisive
·
Negativist
·
Result
·
Declaring
Small groups
:
Beta Quadra
·
Pragmatists
·
EP temperament
·
Business-like
·
Aggressor
·
Project Groups
Forms of Thinking
:
Holographical-Panoramic Cognition
Type Profiles
:
SLE Profile by Gulenko
SLE Profile by Filatova
SLE Profile by Stratiyevskaya
SLE type description by Grigory Reinin
SLE characteristic by Meged and Ovcharov
SLE male and female portraits by Beskova
SLE description by Bukalov and Boiko
Wikisocion SLE composite
Socionics Type Profiles by T. Prokofieva and M. Kuzmina
SLE description from Socionics.ua
SLE description by Weisband and Aushra
SLE profile by Golihov
SLE profile by Zamanskaya
SLE description by Voroschenko - pathologies
SLE description by Blohin - associative
SLE description from Socioscope.com
SLE profile by Piatnitskiy
See also
:
SLE subtypes
SLE photographs by Filatova
SLE domain
SLE observations
Type names
Famous people
Intertype relations
:
SLE-IEI dual relations by Meged and Ovcharov
SLE-IEI dual relations by Meged (extended)
SLE-IEI Recommendations for Harmonization of Relations by Meged
SLE-IEI dual relations by Gulenko
SLE-IEI dual relations by A. Aushra
(untranslated)
SLE-IEI dual relations by Stratiyevskaya
(untranslated)
Romantic and Sexual Behavior of Quadras and Subtypes
SLE
Intertype relations
¶
Identical
SLE
Dual
IEI
Activator
EIE
Mirror
LSI
Kindred
SEE
Semi-dual
ILI
Benefactor
LIE
Supervisor
ESI
Super-Ego
IEE
Extinguishment
SLI
Quasi-identical
LSE
Conflictor
EII
Business
ILE
Mirage
SEI
Beneficiary
ESE
Supervisee
LII
Socionics Type Descriptions
¶
Alpha Quadra
ILE(ENTp)
SEI(ISFp)
ESE(ESFj)
LII(INTj)
Beta Quadra
SLE(ESTp)
IEI(INFp)
EIE(ENFj)
LSI(ISTj)
Gamma Quadra
SEE(ESFp)
ILI(INTp)
LIE(ENTj)
ESI(ISFj)
Delta Quadra
IEE(ENFp)
SLI(ISTp)
LSE(ESTj)
EII(INFj) |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/IEI.html | Intuitive Ethical Introtim (IEI)¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Intuitive Ethical Introtim (IEI)
¶
Intuitive Ethical Introtim
Type abbreviations: IEI, INFp, TE
Ego Block Elements: NiFe (
)
Nicknames: Romantic, Lyricist, Yesenin, or archetype
Sergei Yesenin
.
IEI(INFp) Model A
¶
Inert
Contact
Properties
Blocks
Ni
1st
Program function
Fe
2nd
Creative function
conscious
valued
Ego
Te
4th
Vulnerable function
Si
3rd
Role function
conscious
not valued
Super-ego
Ti
6th
Activating function
Se
5th
Suggestive function
unconscious
valued
Super-id
Ne
7th
Ignoring function
Fi
8th
Demonstrative function
unconscious
not valued
Id
IEI
Dichotomies
and
Small Groups
¶
Jungain
:
Introverted
·
Intuitive
·
Ethical
·
Irrational
Reinin
:
Dynamic
·
Yielding
·
Aristocratic
·
Tactical
·
Emotivist
·
Farsighted
·
Merry
·
Decisive
·
Positivist
·
Result
·
Asking
Small groups
:
Beta Quadra
·
Humanitarians
·
IP temperament
·
Sincere
·
Victim
·
Project Groups
Forms of Thinking
:
Vortical-Synergetic Cognition
Type Profiles
:
IEI Profile by Gulenko
IEI Profile by Filatova
IEI Profile by Stratiyevskaya
IEI type description by Grigory Reinin
IEI characteristic by Meged and Ovcharov
IEI male and female portraits by Beskova
IEI description by Bukalov and Boiko
Wikisocion IEI composite
Socionics Type Profiles by T. Prokofieva and M. Kuzmina
IEI description from Socionics.ua
IEI description by Weisband and Aushra
IEI profile by Golihov
IEI profile by Zamanskaya
IEI description by Voroschenko - pathologies
IEI description by Blohin - associative
IEI description from Socioscope.com
IEI profile by Piatnitskiy
See also
:
IEI subtypes
IEI photographs by Filatova
IEI domain
IEI observations
Type names
Famous people
Intertype relations
:
SLE-IEI dual relations by Meged and Ovcharov
SLE-IEI dual relations by Meged (extended)
SLE-IEI Recommendations for Harmonization of Relations by Meged
SLE-IEI dual relations by Gulenko
SLE-IEI dual relations by A. Aushra
(untranslated)
SLE-IEI dual relations by Stratiyevskaya
(untranslated)
Romantic and Sexual Behavior of Quadras and Subtypes
IEI
Intertype relations
¶
Identical
IEI
Dual
SLE
Activator
LSI
Mirror
EIE
Kindred
ILI
Semi-dual
SEE
Benefactor
ESI
Supervisor
LIE
Super-Ego
SLI
Extinguishment
IEE
Quasi-identical
EII
Conflictor
LSE
Business
SEI
Mirage
ILE
Beneficiary
LII
Supervisee
ESE
Socionics Type Descriptions
¶
Alpha Quadra
ILE(ENTp)
SEI(ISFp)
ESE(ESFj)
LII(INTj)
Beta Quadra
SLE(ESTp)
IEI(INFp)
EIE(ENFj)
LSI(ISTj)
Gamma Quadra
SEE(ESFp)
ILI(INTp)
LIE(ENTj)
ESI(ISFj)
Delta Quadra
IEE(ENFp)
SLI(ISTp)
LSE(ESTj)
EII(INFj) |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/EIE.html | Ethical Intuitive Extratim (EIE)¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Ethical Intuitive Extratim (EIE)
¶
Ethical Intuitive Extratim
Type abbreviations: EIE, ENFj, ET
Ego Block Elements: FeNi (
)
Nicknames: Mentor, Teacher, or archetype
Hamlet
.
EIE(ENFj) Model A
¶
Inert
Contact
Properties
Blocks
Fe
1st
Program function
Ni
2nd
Creative function
conscious
valued
Ego
Si
4th
Vulnerable function
Te
3rd
Role function
conscious
not valued
Super-ego
Se
6th
Activating function
Ti
5th
Suggestive function
unconscious
valued
Super-id
Fi
7th
Ignoring function
Ne
8th
Demonstrative function
unconscious
not valued
Id
EIE
Dichotomies
and
Small Groups
¶
Jungain
:
Extroverted
·
Intuitive
·
Ethical
·
Rational
Reinin
:
Dynamic
·
Obstinate
·
Aristocratic
·
Strategic
·
Constructivist
·
Carefree
·
Merry
·
Decisive
·
Negativist
·
Process
·
Asking
Small groups
:
Beta Quadra
·
Humanitarians
·
EJ temperament
·
Passionate
·
Victim
·
Project Groups
Forms of Thinking
:
Dialectical-Algorithmic Cognition
Type Profiles
:
EIE Profile by Gulenko
EIE Profile by Filatova
EIE Profile by Stratiyevskaya
EIE type description by Grigory Reinin
EIE characteristic by Meged and Ovcharov
EIE male and female portraits by Beskova
EIE description by Bukalov and Boiko
Wikisocion EIE composite
Socionics Type Profiles by T. Prokofieva and M. Kuzmina
EIE description from Socionics.ua
EIE description by Weisband and Aushra
EIE profile by Golihov
EIE description by Voroschenko - pathologies
EIE description by Blohin - associative
EIE description from Socioscope.com
EIE profile by Piatnitskiy
See also
:
EIE subtypes
EIE photographs by Filatova
EIE domain
EIE observations
Type names
Famous people
Intertype relations
:
EIE-LSI dual relations by Meged and Ovcharov
EIE-LSI dual relations by Meged (extended)
EIE-LSI Recommendations for Harmonization of Relations by Meged
EIE-LSI dual relations by Gulenko
EIE-LSI dual relations by A. Aushra
(untranslated)
EIE-LSI dual relations by Stratiyevskaya
(untranslated)
Romantic and Sexual Behavior of Quadras and Subtypes
EIE
Intertype relations
¶
Identical
EIE
Dual
LSI
Activator
SLE
Mirror
IEI
Kindred
ESE
Semi-dual
LII
Benefactor
ILE
Supervisor
SEI
Super-Ego
LSE
Extinguishment
EII
Quasi-identical
IEE
Conflictor
SLI
Business
LIE
Mirage
ESI
Beneficiary
SEE
Supervisee
ILI
Socionics Type Descriptions
¶
Alpha Quadra
ILE(ENTp)
SEI(ISFp)
ESE(ESFj)
LII(INTj)
Beta Quadra
SLE(ESTp)
IEI(INFp)
EIE(ENFj)
LSI(ISTj)
Gamma Quadra
SEE(ESFp)
ILI(INTp)
LIE(ENTj)
ESI(ISFj)
Delta Quadra
IEE(ENFp)
SLI(ISTp)
LSE(ESTj)
EII(INFj) |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/LSI.html | Logical Sensing Introtim (LSI)¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Logical Sensing Introtim (LSI)
¶
Logical Sensing Introtim
Type abbreviations: LSI, ISTj, LF
Ego Block Elements: TiSe (
)
Nicknames: Inspector, Pragmatist, Maxim, or archetype
Maxim Gorky
.
LSI(ISTj) Model A
¶
Inert
Contact
Properties
Blocks
Ti
1st
Program function
Se
2nd
Creative function
conscious
valued
Ego
Ne
4th
Vulnerable function
Fi
3rd
Role function
conscious
not valued
Super-ego
Ni
6th
Activating function
Fe
5th
Suggestive function
unconscious
valued
Super-id
Te
7th
Ignoring function
Si
8th
Demonstrative function
unconscious
not valued
Id
LSI
Dichotomies
and
Small Groups
¶
Jungain
:
Introverted
·
Sensing
·
Logical
·
Rational
Reinin
:
Static
·
Obstinate
·
Aristocratic
·
Tactical
·
Emotivist
·
Carefree
·
Merry
·
Decisive
·
Positivist
·
Process
·
Declaring
Small groups
:
Beta Quadra
·
Pragmatists
·
IJ temperament
·
Cold-blooded
·
Aggressive
·
Project Groups
Forms of Thinking
:
Causal-Determinist Cognition
Type Profiles
:
LSI Profile by Gulenko
LSI Profile by Filatova
LSI Profile by Stratiyevskaya
LSI type description by Grigory Reinin
LSI characteristic by Meged and Ovcharov
LSI male and female portraits by Beskova
LSI description by Bukalov and Boiko
Wikisocion LSI composite
Socionics Type Profiles by T. Prokofieva and M. Kuzmina
LSI description from Socionics.ua
LSI description by Weisband and Aushra
LSI profile by Golihov
LSI description by Voroschenko - pathologies
LSI description by Blohin - associative
LSI description from Socioscope.com
LSI profile by Piatnitskiy
See also
:
LSI subtypes
LSI photographs by Filatova
LSI observations
Type names
Famous people
Intertype relations
:
EIE-LSI dual relations by Meged and Ovcharov
EIE-LSI dual relations by Meged (extended)
EIE-LSI Recommendations for Harmonization of Relations by Meged
EIE-LSI dual relations by Gulenko
EIE-LSI dual relations by A. Aushra
(untranslated)
EIE-LSI dual relations by Stratiyevskaya
(untranslated)
Romantic and Sexual Behavior of Quadras and Subtypes
LSI
Intertype relations
¶
Identical
LSI
Dual
EIE
Activator
IEI
Mirror
SLE
Kindred
LII
Semi-dual
ESE
Benefactor
SEI
Supervisor
ILE
Super-Ego
EII
Extinguishment
LSE
Quasi-identical
SLI
Conflictor
IEE
Business
ESI
Mirage
LIE
Beneficiary
ILI
Supervisee
SEE
Socionics Type Descriptions
¶
Alpha Quadra
ILE(ENTp)
SEI(ISFp)
ESE(ESFj)
LII(INTj)
Beta Quadra
SLE(ESTp)
IEI(INFp)
EIE(ENFj)
LSI(ISTj)
Gamma Quadra
SEE(ESFp)
ILI(INTp)
LIE(ENTj)
ESI(ISFj)
Delta Quadra
IEE(ENFp)
SLI(ISTp)
LSE(ESTj)
EII(INFj) |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/SEE.html | Sensing Ethical Extratim (SEE)¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Sensing Ethical Extratim (SEE)
¶
Sensing Ethical Extratim
Type abbreviations: SEE, ESFp, FR
Ego Block Elements: SeFi (
)
Nicknames: Politician, Ambassador, Caesar, or archetype
Napoleon I
.
SEE(ESFp) Model A
¶
Inert
Contact
Properties
Blocks
Se
1st
Program function
Fi
2nd
Creative function
conscious
valued
Ego
Ti
4th
Vulnerable function
Ne
3rd
Role function
conscious
not valued
Super-ego
Te
6th
Activating function
Ni
5th
Suggestive function
unconscious
valued
Super-id
Si
7th
Ignoring function
Fe
8th
Demonstrative function
unconscious
not valued
Id
SEE
Dichotomies
and
Small Groups
¶
Jungain
:
Extroverted
·
Sensing
·
Ethical
·
Irrational
Reinin
:
Static
·
Obstinate
·
Democratic
·
Strategic
·
Emotivist
·
Farsighted
·
Serious
·
Decisive
·
Positivist
·
Process
·
Asking
Small groups
:
Gamma Quadra
·
Socials
·
EP temperament
·
Passionate
·
Aggressive
·
Project Groups
Forms of Thinking
:
Causal-Determinist Cognition
Type Profiles
:
SEE Profile by Gulenko
SEE Profile by Filatova
SEE Profile by Stratiyevskaya
SEE type description by Grigory Reinin
SEE characteristic by Meged and Ovcharov
SEE male and female portraits by Beskova
SEE description by Bukalov and Boiko
Wikisocion SEE composite
Socionics Type Profiles by T. Prokofieva and M. Kuzmina
SEE description from Socionics.ua
SEE description by Weisband and Aushra
SEE profile by Golihov
SEE description by Voroschenko - pathologies
SEE description by Blohin - associative
SEE description from Socioscope.com
SEE profile by Piatnitskiy
See also
:
SEE subtypes
SEE photographs by Filatova
SEE observations
Type names
Famous people
Intertype relations
:
SEE-ILI dual relations by Meged and Ovcharov
SEE-ILI dual relations by Meged (extended)
SEE-ILI Recommendations for Harmonization of Relations by Meged
SEE-ILI dual relations by Gulenko
SEE-ILI dual relations by A. Aushra
(untranslated)
SEE-ILI dual relations by Stratiyevskaya
(untranslated)
Romantic and Sexual Behavior of Quadras and Subtypes
SEE
Intertype relations
¶
Identical
SEE
Dual
ILI
Activator
LIE
Mirror
ESI
Kindred
SLE
Semi-dual
IEI
Benefactor
EIE
Supervisor
LSI
Super-Ego
ILE
Extinguishment
SEI
Quasi-identical
ESE
Conflictor
LII
Business
IEE
Mirage
SLI
Beneficiary
LSE
Supervisee
EII
Socionics Type Descriptions
¶
Alpha Quadra
ILE(ENTp)
SEI(ISFp)
ESE(ESFj)
LII(INTj)
Beta Quadra
SLE(ESTp)
IEI(INFp)
EIE(ENFj)
LSI(ISTj)
Gamma Quadra
SEE(ESFp)
ILI(INTp)
LIE(ENTj)
ESI(ISFj)
Delta Quadra
IEE(ENFp)
SLI(ISTp)
LSE(ESTj)
EII(INFj) |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/ILI.html | Intuitive Logical Introtim (ILI)¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Intuitive Logical Introtim (ILI)
¶
Intuitive Logical Introtim
Type abbreviations: ILI, INTp, TP
Ego Block Elements: NiTe (
)
Nicknames: Critic, Observer, Balzac, or archetype
Honoré de Balzac
.
ILI(INTp) Model A
¶
Inert
Contact
Properties
Blocks
Ni
1st
Program function
Te
2nd
Creative function
conscious
valued
Ego
Fe
4th
Vulnerable function
Si
3rd
Role function
conscious
not valued
Super-ego
Fi
6th
Activating function
Se
5th
Suggestive function
unconscious
valued
Super-id
Ne
7th
Ignoring function
Ti
8th
Demonstrative function
unconscious
not valued
Id
ILI
Dichotomies
and
Small Groups
¶
Jungain
:
Introverted
·
Intuitive
·
Logical
·
Irrational
Reinin
:
Dynamic
·
Obstinate
·
Democratic
·
Tactical
·
Constructivist
·
Farsighted
·
Serious
·
Decisive
·
Negativist
·
Process
·
Declaring
Small groups
:
Gamma Quadra
·
Researchers
·
IP temperament
·
Cold-blooded
·
Victim
·
Project Groups
Forms of Thinking
:
Dialectical-Algorithmic Cognition
Type Profiles
:
ILI Profile by Gulenko
ILI Profile by Filatova
ILI Profile by Stratiyevskaya
ILI type description by Grigory Reinin
ILI characteristic by Meged and Ovcharov
ILI male and female portraits by Beskova
ILI description by Bukalov and Boiko
Wikisocion ILI composite
Socionics Type Profiles by T. Prokofieva and M. Kuzmina
ILI description from Socionics.ua
ILI description by Weisband and Aushra
ILI profile by Golihov
ILI profile by Zamanskaya
ILI description by Voroschenko - pathologies
ILI description by Blohin - associative
ILI description from Socioscope.com
ILI profile by Piatnitskiy
See also
:
ILI subtypes
ILI photographs by Filatova
ILI observations
Type names
Famous people
Intertype relations
:
SEE-ILI dual relations by Meged and Ovcharov
SEE-ILI dual relations by Meged (extended)
SEE-ILI Recommendations for Harmonization of Relations by Meged
SEE-ILI dual relations by Gulenko
SEE-ILI dual relations by A. Aushra
(untranslated)
SEE-ILI dual relations by Stratiyevskaya
(untranslated)
Romantic and Sexual Behavior of Quadras and Subtypes
ILI
Intertype relations
¶
Identical
ILI
Dual
SEE
Activator
ESI
Mirror
LIE
Kindred
IEI
Semi-dual
SLE
Benefactor
LSI
Supervisor
EIE
Super-Ego
SEI
Extinguishment
ILE
Quasi-identical
LII
Conflictor
ESE
Business
SLI
Mirage
IEE
Beneficiary
EII
Supervisee
LSE
Socionics Type Descriptions
¶
Alpha Quadra
ILE(ENTp)
SEI(ISFp)
ESE(ESFj)
LII(INTj)
Beta Quadra
SLE(ESTp)
IEI(INFp)
EIE(ENFj)
LSI(ISTj)
Gamma Quadra
SEE(ESFp)
ILI(INTp)
LIE(ENTj)
ESI(ISFj)
Delta Quadra
IEE(ENFp)
SLI(ISTp)
LSE(ESTj)
EII(INFj) |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/LIE.html | Logical Intuitive Extratim (LIE)¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Logical Intuitive Extratim (LIE)
¶
Logical Intuitive Extratim
Type abbreviations: LIE, ENTj, PT
Ego Block Elements: TeNi (
)
Nicknames: Enterpriser, Pioneer, Jack, or archetype
Jack London
.
LIE(ENTj) Model A
¶
Inert
Contact
Properties
Blocks
Te
1st
Program function
Ni
2nd
Creative function
conscious
valued
Ego
Si
4th
Vulnerable function
Fe
3rd
Role function
conscious
not valued
Super-ego
Se
6th
Activating function
Fi
5th
Suggestive function
unconscious
valued
Super-id
Ti
7th
Ignoring function
Ne
8th
Demonstrative function
unconscious
not valued
Id
LIE
Dichotomies
and
Small Groups
¶
Jungain
:
Extroverted
·
Intuitive
·
Logical
·
Rational
Reinin
:
Dynamic
·
Yielding
·
Democratic
·
Strategic
·
Emotivist
·
Carefree
·
Serious
·
Decisive
·
Positivist
·
Result
·
Declaring
Small groups
:
Gamma Quadra
·
Researchers
·
EJ temperament
·
Business-like
·
Victim
·
Project Groups
Forms of Thinking
:
Vortical-Syneergetic Cognition
Type Profiles
:
LIE Profile by Gulenko
LIE Profile by Filatova
LIE Profile by Stratiyevskaya
LIE type description by Grigory Reinin
LIE characteristic by Meged and Ovcharov
LIE male and female portraits by Beskova
LIE description by Bukalov and Boiko
Wikisocion LIE composite
Socionics Type Profiles by T. Prokofieva and M. Kuzmina
LIE description from Socionics.ua
LIE description by Weisband and Aushra
LIE profile by Golihov
LIE description by Voroschenko - pathologies
LIE description by Blohin - associative
LIE description from Socioscope.com
LIE profile by Piatnitskiy
See also
:
LIE subtypes
LIE photographs by Filatova
LIE observations
Type names
Famous people
Intertype relations
:
LIE-ESI dual relations by Meged and Ovcharov
LIE-ESI dual relations by Meged (extended)
LIE-ESI Recommendations for Harmonization of Relations by Meged
LIE-ESI dual relations by Gulenko
LIE-ESI dual relations by A. Aushra
(untranslated)
LIE-ESI dual relations by Stratiyevskaya
(untranslated)
Romantic and Sexual Behavior of Quadras and Subtypes
LIE
Intertype relations
¶
Identical
LIE
Dual
ESI
Activator
SEE
Mirror
ILI
Kindred
LSE
Semi-dual
EII
Benefactor
IEE
Supervisor
SLI
Super-Ego
ESE
Extinguishment
LII
Quasi-identical
ILE
Conflictor
SEI
Business
EIE
Mirage
LSI
Beneficiary
SLE
Supervisee
IEI
Socionics Type Descriptions
¶
Alpha Quadra
ILE(ENTp)
SEI(ISFp)
ESE(ESFj)
LII(INTj)
Beta Quadra
SLE(ESTp)
IEI(INFp)
EIE(ENFj)
LSI(ISTj)
Gamma Quadra
SEE(ESFp)
ILI(INTp)
LIE(ENTj)
ESI(ISFj)
Delta Quadra
IEE(ENFp)
SLI(ISTp)
LSE(ESTj)
EII(INFj) |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/ESI.html | Ethical Sensing Introtim (ESI)¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Ethical Sensing Introtim (ESI)
¶
Ethical Sensing Introtim
Type abbreviations: ESI, ISFj, RF
Ego Block Elements: FiSe (
)
Nicknames: Guardian, Conservator, Dreiser, or archetype
Theodore Dreiser
.
ESI(ISFj) Model A
¶
Inert
Contact
Properties
Blocks
Fi
1st
Program function
Se
2nd
Creative function
conscious
valued
Ego
Ne
4th
Vulnerable function
Ti
3rd
Role function
conscious
not valued
Super-ego
Ni
6th
Activating function
Te
5th
Suggestive function
unconscious
valued
Super-id
Fe
7th
Ignoring function
Si
8th
Demonstrative function
unconscious
not valued
Id
ESI
Dichotomies
and
Small Groups
¶
Jungain
:
Introverted
·
Sensing
·
Ethical
·
Rational
Reinin
:
Static
·
Yielding
·
Democratic
·
Tactical
·
Constructivist
·
Carefree
·
Serious
·
Decisive
·
Negativist
·
Result
·
Asking
Small groups
:
Gamma Quadra
·
Socials
·
IJ temperament
·
Sincere
·
Aggressor
·
Project Groups
Forms of Thinking
:
Holographical-Panoramic Cognition
Type Profiles
:
ESI Profile by Gulenko
ESI Profile by Filatova
ESI Profile by Stratiyevskaya
ESI type description by Grigory Reinin
ESI characteristic by Meged and Ovcharov
ESI male and female portraits by Beskova
ESI description by Bukalov and Boiko
Wikisocion ESI composite
Socionics Type Profiles by T. Prokofieva and M. Kuzmina
ESI description from Socionics.ua
ESI description by Weisband and Aushra
ESI profile by Golihov
ESI profile by Zamanskaya
ESI description by Voroschenko - pathologies
ESI description by Blohin - associative
ESI description from Socioscope.com
ESI profile by Piatnitskiy
See also
:
ESI subtypes
ESI photographs by Filatova
ESI observations
Type names
Famous people
Intertype relations
:
LIE-ESI dual relations by Meged and Ovcharov
LIE-ESI dual relations by Meged (extended)
LIE-ESI Recommendations for Harmonization of Relations by Meged
LIE-ESI dual relations by Gulenko
LIE-ESI dual relations by A. Aushra
(untranslated)
LIE-ESI dual relations by Stratiyevskaya
(untranslated)
Romantic and Sexual Behavior of Quadras and Subtypes
ESI
Intertype relations
¶
Identical
ESI
Dual
LIE
Activator
ILI
Mirror
SEE
Kindred
EII
Semi-dual
LSE
Benefactor
SLI
Supervisor
IEE
Super-Ego
LII
Extinguishment
ESE
Quasi-identical
SEI
Conflictor
ILE
Business
LSI
Mirage
EIE
Beneficiary
IEI
Supervisee
SLE
Socionics Type Descriptions
¶
Alpha Quadra
ILE(ENTp)
SEI(ISFp)
ESE(ESFj)
LII(INTj)
Beta Quadra
SLE(ESTp)
IEI(INFp)
EIE(ENFj)
LSI(ISTj)
Gamma Quadra
SEE(ESFp)
ILI(INTp)
LIE(ENTj)
ESI(ISFj)
Delta Quadra
IEE(ENFp)
SLI(ISTp)
LSE(ESTj)
EII(INFj) |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/IEE.html | Intuitive Ethical Extratim (IEE)¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Intuitive Ethical Extratim (IEE)
¶
Intuitive Ethical Extratim
Type abbreviations: IEE, ENFp, IR
Ego Block Elements: NeFi (
)
Nicknames: Psychologist, Reporter, Adviser, Huxley, or archetype
Aldous Huxley
.
IEE(ENFp) Model A
¶
Inert
Contact
Properties
Blocks
Ne
1st
Program function
Fi
2nd
Creative function
conscious
valued
Ego
Ti
4th
Vulnerable function
Se
3rd
Role function
conscious
not valued
Super-ego
Te
6th
Activating function
Si
5th
Suggestive function
unconscious
valued
Super-id
Ni
7th
Ignoring function
Fe
8th
Demonstrative function
unconscious
not valued
Id
IEE
Dichotomies
and
Small Groups
¶
Jungain
:
Extroverted
·
Intuitive
·
Ethical
·
Irrational
Reinin
:
Static
·
Obstinate
·
Aristocratic
·
Tactical
·
Emotivist
·
Carefree
·
Serious
·
Judicious
·
Negativist
·
Result
·
Declaring
Small groups
:
Delta Quadra
·
Humanitarians
·
EP temperament
·
Passionate
·
Childlike
·
Project Groups
Forms of Thinking
:
Holographical-Panoramic Cognition
Type Profiles
:
IEE Profile by Gulenko
IEE Profile by Filatova
IEE Profile by Stratiyevskaya
IEE type description by Grigory Reinin
IEE characteristic by Meged and Ovcharov
IEE male and female portraits by Beskova
IEE description by Bukalov and Boiko
Wikisocion IEE composite
Socionics Type Profiles by T. Prokofieva and M. Kuzmina
IEE description from Socionics.ua
IEE description by Weisband and Aushra
IEE profile by Golihov
IEE description by Voroschenko - pathologies
IEE description by Blohin - associative
IEE description from Socioscope.com
IEE profile by Piatnitskiy
See also
:
IEE subtypes
IEE photographs by Filatova
IEE observations
Type names
Famous people
Intertype relations
:
IEE-SLI dual relations by Meged and Ovcharov
IEE-SLI dual relations by Meged (extended)
IEE-SLI Recommendations for Harmonization of Relations by Meged
IEE-SLI dual relations by Gulenko
IEE-SLI dual relations by A. Aushra
(untranslated)
IEE-SLI dual relations by Stratiyevskaya
(untranslated)
Romantic and Sexual Behavior of Quadras and Subtypes
IEE
Intertype relations
¶
Identical
IEE
Dual
SLI
Activator
LSE
Mirror
EII
Kindred
ILE
Semi-dual
SEI
Benefactor
ESE
Supervisor
LII
Super-Ego
SLE
Extinguishment
IEI
Quasi-identical
EIE
Conflictor
LSI
Business
SEE
Mirage
ILI
Beneficiary
LIE
Supervisee
ESI
Socionics Type Descriptions
¶
Alpha Quadra
ILE(ENTp)
SEI(ISFp)
ESE(ESFj)
LII(INTj)
Beta Quadra
SLE(ESTp)
IEI(INFp)
EIE(ENFj)
LSI(ISTj)
Gamma Quadra
SEE(ESFp)
ILI(INTp)
LIE(ENTj)
ESI(ISFj)
Delta Quadra
IEE(ENFp)
SLI(ISTp)
LSE(ESTj)
EII(INFj) |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/SLI.html | Sensing Logical Introtim (SLI)¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Sensing Logical Introtim (SLI)
¶
Sensing Logical Introtim
Type abbreviations: SLI, ISTp, SP
Ego Block Elements: SiTe (
)
Nicknames: Craftsman, Artisan, Gabin, or archetype
Jean Gabin
.
SLI(ISTp) Model A
¶
Inert
Contact
Properties
Blocks
Si
1st
Program function
Te
2nd
Creative function
conscious
valued
Ego
Fe
4th
Vulnerable function
Ni
3rd
Role function
conscious
not valued
Super-ego
Fi
6th
Activating function
Ne
5th
Suggestive function
unconscious
valued
Super-id
Se
7th
Ignoring function
Ti
8th
Demonstrative function
unconscious
not valued
Id
SLI
Dichotomies
and
Small Groups
¶
Jungain
:
Introverted
·
Sensing
·
Logical
·
Irrational
Reinin
:
Dynamic
·
Obstinate
·
Aristocratic
·
Strategic
·
Constructivist
·
Carefree
·
Serious
·
Judicious
·
Positivist
·
Result
·
Asking
Small groups
:
Delta Quadra
·
Pragmatists
·
IP temperament
·
Cold-blooded
·
Caring
·
Project Groups
Forms of Thinking
:
Vortical-Synergetic Cognition
Type Profiles
:
SLI Profile by Gulenko
SLI Profile by Filatova
SLI Profile by Stratiyevskaya
SLI type description by Grigory Reinin
SLI characteristic by Meged and Ovcharov
SLI male and female portraits by Beskova
SLI description by Bukalov and Boiko
Wikisocion SLI composite
Socionics Type Profiles by T. Prokofieva and M. Kuzmina
SLI description from Socionics.ua
SLI description by Weisband and Aushra
SLI profile by Golihov
SLI description by Voroschenko - pathologies
SLI description by Blohin - associative
SLI description from Socioscope.com
SLI profile by Piatnitskiy
See also
:
SLI subtypes
SLI photographs by Filatova
SLI observations
Type names
Famous people
ISTp Type Description by Rick DeLong
Intertype relations
:
IEE-SLI dual relations by Meged and Ovcharov
IEE-SLI dual relations by Meged (extended)
IEE-SLI Recommendations for Harmonization of Relations by Meged
IEE-SLI dual relations by Gulenko
IEE-SLI dual relations by A. Aushra
(untranslated)
IEE-SLI dual relations by Stratiyevskaya
(untranslated)
Romantic and Sexual Behavior of Quadras and Subtypes
SLI
Intertype relations
¶
Identical
SLI
Dual
IEE
Activator
EII
Mirror
LSE
Kindred
SEI
Semi-dual
ILE
Benefactor
LII
Supervisor
ESE
Super-Ego
IEI
Extinguishment
SLE
Quasi-identical
LSI
Conflictor
EIE
Business
ILI
Mirage
SEE
Beneficiary
ESI
Supervisee
LIE
Socionics Type Descriptions
¶
Alpha Quadra
ILE(ENTp)
SEI(ISFp)
ESE(ESFj)
LII(INTj)
Beta Quadra
SLE(ESTp)
IEI(INFp)
EIE(ENFj)
LSI(ISTj)
Gamma Quadra
SEE(ESFp)
ILI(INTp)
LIE(ENTj)
ESI(ISFj)
Delta Quadra
IEE(ENFp)
SLI(ISTp)
LSE(ESTj)
EII(INFj) |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/LSE.html | Logical Sensing Extratim (LSE)¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Logical Sensing Extratim (LSE)
¶
Logical Sensing Extratim
Type abbreviations: LSE, ESTj, PS
Ego Block Elements: TeSi (
)
Nicknames: Director, Administrator,
Stierlitz
or archetype
Sherlock Holmes
.
LSE(ESTj) Model A
¶
Inert
Contact
Properties
Blocks
Te
1st
Program function
Si
2nd
Creative function
conscious
valued
Ego
Ni
4th
Vulnerable function
Fe
3rd
Role function
conscious
not valued
Super-ego
Ne
6th
Activating function
Fi
5th
Suggestive function
unconscious
valued
Super-id
Ti
7th
Ignoring function
Se
8th
Demonstrative function
unconscious
not valued
Id
LSE
Dichotomies
and
Small Groups
¶
Jungain
:
Extroverted
·
Sensing
·
Logical
·
Rational
Reinin
:
Dynamic
·
Yielding
·
Aristocratic
·
Tactical
·
Emotivist
·
Farsighted
·
Serious
·
Judicious
·
Negativist
·
Process
·
Asking
Small groups
:
Delta Quadra
·
Pragmatists
·
EJ temperament
·
Business-like
·
Caring
·
Project Groups
Forms of Thinking
:
Dialectical-Algorithmic Cognition
Type Profiles
:
LSE Profile by Gulenko
LSE Profile by Filatova
LSE Profile by Stratiyevskaya
LSE type description by Grigory Reinin
LSE characteristic by Meged and Ovcharov
LSE male and female portraits by Beskova
LSE description by Bukalov and Boiko
Wikisocion LSE composite
Socionics Type Profiles by T. Prokofieva and M. Kuzmina
LSE description from Socionics.ua
LSE description by Weisband and Aushra
LSE profile by Golihov
LSE description by Voroschenko - pathologies
LSE description by Blohin - associative
LSE description from Socioscope.com
LSE profile by Piatnitskiy
See also
:
LSE subtypes
LSE photographs by Filatova
LSE observations
Type names
Famous people
Intertype relations
:
LSE-EII dual relations by Meged and Ovcharov
LSE-EII dual relations by Meged (extended)
LSE-EII Recommendations for Harmonization of Relations by Meged
LSE-EII dual relations by Gulenko
LSE-EII dual relations by A. Aushra
(untranslated)
LSE-EII dual relations by Stratiyevskaya
(untranslated)
Romantic and Sexual Behavior of Quadras and Subtypes
LSE
Intertype relations
¶
Identical
LSE
Dual
EII
Activator
IEE
Mirror
SLI
Kindred
LIE
Semi-dual
ESI
Benefactor
SEE
Supervisor
ILI
Super-Ego
EIE
Extinguishment
LSI
Quasi-identical
SLE
Conflictor
IEI
Business
ESE
Mirage
LII
Beneficiary
ILE
Supervisee
SEI
Socionics Type Descriptions
¶
Alpha Quadra
ILE(ENTp)
SEI(ISFp)
ESE(ESFj)
LII(INTj)
Beta Quadra
SLE(ESTp)
IEI(INFp)
EIE(ENFj)
LSI(ISTj)
Gamma Quadra
SEE(ESFp)
ILI(INTp)
LIE(ENTj)
ESI(ISFj)
Delta Quadra
IEE(ENFp)
SLI(ISTp)
LSE(ESTj)
EII(INFj) |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/EII.html | Ethical Intuitive Introtim (EII)¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Ethical Intuitive Introtim (EII)
¶
Ethical Intuitive Introtim
Type abbreviations: EII, INFj, RI
Ego Block Elements: FiNe (
)
Nicknames: Empath, Humanist, Dostoevsky, or archetype
Fyodor Dostoevsky
.
EII(INFj) Model A
¶
Inert
Contact
Properties
Blocks
Fi
1st
Program function
Ne
2nd
Creative function
conscious
valued
Ego
Se
4th
Vulnerable function
Ti
3rd
Role function
conscious
not valued
Super-ego
Si
6th
Activating function
Te
5th
Suggestive function
unconscious
valued
Super-id
Fe
7th
Ignoring function
Ni
8th
Demonstrative function
unconscious
not valued
Id
EII
Dichotomies
and
Small Groups
¶
Jungain
:
Introverted
·
Intuitive
·
Ethical
·
Rational
Reinin
:
Static
·
Yielding
·
Aristocratic
·
Strategic
·
Constructivist
·
Farsighted
·
Serious
·
Judicious
·
Positivist
·
Process
·
Declaring
Small groups
:
Delta Quadra
·
Humanitarians
·
IJ temperament
·
Sincere
·
Childlike
·
Project Groups
Forms of Thinking
:
Causal-Determinist Cognition
Type Profiles
:
EII Profile by Gulenko
EII Profile by Filatova
EII Profile by Stratiyevskaya
EII type description by Grigory Reinin
EII characteristic by Meged and Ovcharov
EII male and female portraits by Beskova
EII description by Bukalov and Boiko
Wikisocion EII composite
Socionics Type Profiles by T. Prokofieva and M. Kuzmina
EII description from Socionics.ua
EII description by Weisband and Aushra
EII profile by Golihov
EII description by Voroschenko - pathologies
EII description by Blohin - associative
EII description from Socioscope.com
EII profile by Piatnitskiy
See also
:
EII subtypes
EII photographs by Filatova
EII observations
Type names
Famous people
Intertype relations
:
LSE-EII dual relations by Meged and Ovcharov
LSE-EII dual relations by Meged (extended)
LSE-EII Recommendations for Harmonization of Relations by Meged
LSE-EII dual relations by Gulenko
LSE-EII dual relations by A. Aushra
(untranslated)
LSE-EII dual relations by Stratiyevskaya
(untranslated)
Romantic and Sexual Behavior of Quadras and Subtypes
EII
Intertype relations
¶
Identical
EII
Dual
LSE
Activator
SLI
Mirror
IEE
Kindred
ESI
Semi-dual
LIE
Benefactor
ILI
Supervisor
SEE
Super-Ego
LSI
Extinguishment
EIE
Quasi-identical
IEI
Conflictor
SLE
Business
LII
Mirage
ESE
Beneficiary
SEI
Supervisee
ILE
Socionics Type Descriptions
¶
Alpha Quadra
ILE(ENTp)
SEI(ISFp)
ESE(ESFj)
LII(INTj)
Beta Quadra
SLE(ESTp)
IEI(INFp)
EIE(ENFj)
LSI(ISTj)
Gamma Quadra
SEE(ESFp)
ILI(INTp)
LIE(ENTj)
ESI(ISFj)
Delta Quadra
IEE(ENFp)
SLI(ISTp)
LSE(ESTj)
EII(INFj) |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/elements.html | Information Elements¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Information Elements
¶
Introduction
¶
The information elements (also IM elements, elements of information metabolism, or, confusingly, “
functions
”) are eight mental categories that play a key role in interpersonal interaction. They are denoted using the same symbols and names as the
information aspects
. The difference between them is that information elements are subjective properties of the psyche, whereas information aspects are objective properties of reality independent from psyche.
Information Element Notations
¶
Information Elements
¶
Name
Symbol
2-letter
1-letter
Introverted Sensing
Si
S
Extraverted Intuition
Ne
I
Introverted Logic
Ti
L
Extraverted Ethics
Fe
E
Introverted Intuition
Ni
T
Extraverted Sensing
Se
F
Introverted Ethics
Fi
R
Extraverted Logic
Te
P
Information Element Themes
¶
Si
Introverted Sensing
: homeostasis, continuity, smoothness, flow, satisfaction, aesthetics, quality of life, pleasure, relaxation, convenience, quality
Ne
Extraverted Intuition
: potential, permutation, isomorphism, semblance, essence, uncertainty, the unknown, opening up new “windows” and bringing up new possibilities in conversation, seeing opportunities, chance, being the first, refreshing informational suddenness, diversity of interests and involvements
Ti
Introverted Logic
: structure, analysis, coherence, consistency, cogency, accordance, match, commensurability, understanding, order, or the lack of thereof
Fe
Extraverted Ethics
: emotional atmosphere, romanticism, cooperation, treatment, qualitative judgement of behavior, sympathy, ethical estimations of observable actions, “ethics of actions”
Ni
Introverted Intuition
: development over time, historicity, cause and effect, consequences, repetition, archetypal themes and examples, looking for causes in history or the past, past-future forecasting of event dynamics, rhythm, delay or act-now, past-turned imagination
Se
Extraverted Sensing
: sensing of immediate static qualities of objects, sensing of immediate reality, external appearance, texture, form, static objects, impact, direct physical effect, span, extent, scope
Fi
Introverted Ethics
: internal harmony, resonance or dissonance of personal sentiments, sympathy, pity, compassion, support, condemnation, judgement, positive and negative emotional space
Te
Extraverted Logic
: efficiency, method, mechanism, knowledge, work, reason in motion, direction of activity into its most logical course of action, “logic of actions”, utilitarianism, expediency, benefit
States of Mind
¶
When a person is “using” an element he naturally goes into a corresponding state of mind, which is reflected in his body language and vocabulary, and tends to have a similar effect on the people around him, who will react based on which
function
that element occupies in their
Model A
, with interest (
Ego
), amusement (
Super-Id
), boredom (
Id
), or irritation (
Super-Ego
), etc.
Si
: a physically relaxed state of mind, turned to the continuity and flow of the moment
Ne
: seeing the potential on the current situation, bringing up various possibilities up to discussion, recombinative play, permutations, variations, alternatives, solutions, including options that seem improbable or even absurd at times, informationally renovative and refreshing conversation
Ti
: analytical state of mind, clarity and exactitude of thought, a sense of coherence, order, and regularity at different levels of structure, “debugging”: seeing the whole system and then spotting nonsensical flaws or mistakes, or alternatively building one’s own systems from simple and well-understood parts
Fe
: assessing the moods and attitudes from dynamics of surroundings and the actions and choices of others, being perceptive of the “emotional atmosphere”, analyzing and evaluating emotions and attitudes of others based on their currently observable reactions and actions, with to express one’s feelings and experiences openly and directly, to impact the emotional and social space, which can be done through expressive combination of words and gestures
Ni
: a protracted and reflective state of mind, “falling out of time” and later trying to make up for lost activity, generalizing and abstracting past events from memory, using these generalizations to see what’s going to happen, reflecting upon the past in order to be able to evaluate what is possible to do in the present moment and to predict the most likely course of events, patience that borders with inactivity
Se
: awareness of the space and concrete environment around oneself, externally observatory state of mind, “sensing of reality”, “factual perception of reality”, everything around you gets registered no matter if you can touch it or it’s way off in the distant distance, a mobilized state, exerting force on objects and people with the goal of moving them around in space, in Se perception a person or object can be influenced only in space
Fi
: an analytical state of mind, analysis of personal feeling and stances, harmony or disharmony of personal values and sentiments, endearment, closeness, moral satisfaction, emotional sensitivity, deep personal conviction that may produce moral firmness and resolve
Te
: an evaluatory state of mind that directly assesses events and actions of other people from logical POV and openly voices those assessments, assessing and estimating productivity, efficiency, usefulness, rational sense of any given involvement venture or activity, steady and purposeful state of mind that leads to making rational actions despite the present sentiments
Information Element Dichotomies
¶
Warning
This page or section is
incomplete
. Additional contributions are needed.
There are 3 basic dichotomies of
information aspects
, and thus 4 derived dichotomies (see the
mathematics
of the Reinin dichotomies.)
The dichotomies Static / Dynamic and Extroverted / Introverted (a.k.a. Body / Field) came from
Aushra Augusta
, and External / Internal was suggested by another early author. However, this last dichotomy is criticized by some socionists for its lack of meaningful content. The Rational / Irrational dichotomy comes from
Jung’s typology
.
IE Dichotomies
¶
Static
Dynamic
Ne
Ti
Se
Fi
Si
Fe
Ni
Te
Static “snapshots”, unconnected episodes
Objects and fields in constant continuous motion
Extroverted
Introverted
Ne
Fe
Se
Te
Si
Ti
Ni
Fi
Apparent qualities and causal relationships
Internal qualities, internal relationships between things
External
Internal
Si
Ti
Se
Te
Ne
Fe
Ni
Fi
Explicit, directly sensible content of reality
Implicit, indirectly perceivable content of reality
Irrational
Rational
Si
Ne
Ni
Se
Ti
Fe
Fi
Te
Perception first, unfiltered “as is” information
Judgement first, ordered evaluated information
Abstract
Involved
Ti
Te
Ni
Ne
Fi
Fe
Si
Se
α values
γ values
Ti
Fe
Si
Ne
Fi
Te
Ni
Se
β values
δ values
Ti
Fe
Ni
Se
Fi
Te
Si
Ne
Static / Dynamic Information Elements
¶
Static information is discrete and about things that change abruptly:
Ne Ne : discrete temporal phases and sets of discrete alternatives
Ti Ti : discrete logical and structural dependencies between states of affairs.
Se Se : discrete spatial boundaries that delineate territory and control.
Fi Fi : discrete types of interpersonal relationships, such as “friend” or “enemy”.
Dynamic information is continuous and about things that are in constant fluctuation:
Si Si : one’s continuous physical exchanges with one’s environment.
Fe Fe : the continuous excitations in people’s psychological states.
Ni Ni : the continuous evolution of things over time.
Te Te : the continuous incoming stream of objective facts about the world.
Extroverted / Introverted Information Elements
¶
Extroverted information is information about things as they are, independent of relations to other things:
Ne Ne : something has potential or does not
Fe Fe : one is happy or sad
Se Se : one is aware of external properties of reality or not
Te Te : something is useful or not
Introverted information is information about how things relate to one another, independent of their innate properties:
Si Si : Person X is comfortable with Condition Y or is not
Ti Ti : Statement X follows logically from Statement Y or does not
Ni Ni : Course of events X will lead to Consequence Y or not
Fi Fi : Person X relates well to Person Y or does not
External Links
¶
Information Elements
by
Rick DeLong
. |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/functions.html | Functions¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Functions
¶
Functions are the eight components of
Model A
that describe how each information
element
is manifested in each type. They determine overall patterns in a person’s behavior, which in turn have a strong influence on the person’s interactions with other people. Functions are distinct from
information aspects
and
information elements
.
Functions have not yet been identified as functional biological components of the brain. No one knows for sure how these overarching patterns of behavior and interaction manifest themselves on a neurological level. Is a function physically located in one place, or is it a kind of neural network, or a pattern of brain activity? Answering these questions is a major problem in making socionics more scientific.
According to Model A, there are eight functions present in each type, one for each
information elements
. In this respect socionics differs from canonical
MBTI
and
Jung’s Typology
, in which only four elements are present in each type. Given the assumptions that everyone perceives the same information elements, and that there is a one-to-one correspondence between information elements and functions, this number is essentially determined by the relationship structure (see
Mathematics of socionics
).
For a more specific description of each function as manifested in
Model A
, see descriptions of the
Information elements
.
Ego
¶
The first row of
Model A
(functions 1 and 2) is called the Ego block. These functions describe the
aspects of reality
that a person perceives with the greatest depth and clarity and verbalizes with the greatest ease. The Ego block also describes the most natural and common states of mind and behavior styles used when interacting with other people, and also a certain perspective that a person injects into the things he says.
The information aspects that corresponds to the Ego block elements are things that a person can’t help spontaneously commenting on and is comfortable discussing out loud (especially true of the leading function). If something is not right in these areas, a person can barely continue until he has spoken out about it and done something to fix the problem. When problems arise, the people who are most likely to point them out are those whose perception of that aspect of reality comes from the Ego block.
The Ego block functions require a constant stream of new information and stimulation (whether by direct experience, observation, study, or reflection) and quickly sort through this information, recognizing what is useful and necessary and what is not. When exposed to the types of information corresponding to the elements of the Ego block, a person takes immediate note and quickly forms his own attitude or opinion on the matter. He is more confident of his own judgments in these areas than of other people’s, even if those people are widely accepted authorities. Instinctively, people are likely to overuse these functions and apply them in practically any area, even when their relevance is minimal. This makes the ego functions (and in particular the base function) more obvious to a casual observer than the other functions.
The Ego block describes a person’s preferred and most comfortable and natural role or “mode of operation” when interacting with other people. When a person gets to use his Ego block functions in interaction, he becomes lively and confident and exudes an air of authority and expertise. These functions also have the most endurance; a person can use them longer than other functions without getting worn out.
The Ego block functions imply a certain perspective or set of values since they are the most preferred approaches to solving life problems, giving advice, and achieving one’s goals. The individual wants to see society become more like himself and wants to instill his personal philosophy or values in his work activities, his living space, and the people around him. For a person to feel needed and fulfilled, he has to see that his unique perspective is making a difference somewhere. The areas where a person is most likely to make a difference correspond to the Ego block elements. They are called Ego exactly because they are so naturally identified with one’s own perspective, ideals, and identity.
The Ego functions are mostly indifferent to praise, since it is very hard to tell a person something about these aspects of himself that he didn’t already know—and can easily describe to others. Moreover, when others display misunderstanding of these elements, he feels that it is his right and duty to correct them.
Leading Function
¶
The
leading function
, also called the
base
,
program
, or simply
first function
, is an individual’s most dominant psychic function. It describes in general terms the person’s most comfortable thinking patterns, perspective on life, state of mind, and behavioral style as well as their positive motivational forces (what they pursue most vigorously when they have a choice). The leading function is critical to interpersonal dynamics because people constantly and inadvertently make judgments, assessments, and assumptions based on it. These comments and judgments portray a particular set of core values and share a common vector or general message, and those who the person interacts closely with must be accepting of this message for interaction to be cohesive and
compatible
.
Generally speaking, the leading function perceives, processes, and produces information most intensively. When a person “speaks” or “acts” from their leading function, they convey a sense of robust confidence and often begin to speak categorically, persuasively, and using exaggerations.
Proper development of one’s leading function is generally seen as being crucial to
personal development
. This requires having people around you who are accepting of your core values and most natural, confident behavior styles. Profession-wise, the base function provides the best platform for developing a unique niche that will bring real value to other people. Rather than describing the professions a person would be best at, the base function describes a general approach and behavior style that can be successfully applied to virtually any field of activity.
Use of the base function comes effortlessly and produces a sense of internal satisfaction regardless of any external rewards. Base function activities can easily be developed into highly effective and productive skills, but there is also a tendency to indulge too much in the base function just because it is easy and rewarding. When overuse becomes extreme, a feeling of emptiness and pointlessness follows, and use of the base function stops bringing satisfaction.
The influence of the base function on perception and core values is so strong that people tend to project these values onto other people: everyone else surely must want the same things that your base function strives for. This projection is often a source of conflict with other people who have opposing values, but it is also one of the mechanisms for
dualization
. The base function’s empathy towards others stimulates
duals
(and, to a certain degree,
activators
and
semi-duals
) to try to take care of the other person’s problems with the corresponding function. This is exactly what the dual is looking for subconsciously, since one dual’s base function is the other’s
suggestive function
. However, in many other cases a person’s natural interest in aspects of other people’s lives that correspond to his own base function creates mistrust and strained relations.
According to the
dimensionality of functions
, the base function is able to effectively process and apply personal experience and social norms, present different solutions for different situations, and recognize and extrapolate the development of this
aspect of information
over time. The time dimension, which is shared by the
demonstrative function
, allows it to “fill in the blanks” between two related aspects, thus allowing it to infer the existence of previously unknown content.
Creative Function
¶
The
creative function
is also called the
function of implementation
,
implementing
,
realizing
, or
second function
. This function describes the primary mode of application of the base function. If the base function forms the core of the individual’s personal quests and interests (
“What’s in it for me?”
,
“What do I want to be?”
), the creative function describes his main instrument for interacting with the rest of society (
“How do I make contact with other people?”
). For extroverts this means creating a context for people to interact within, and for introverts — creating a product worthy of being included in interaction.
People use their creative function less than their
base function
and attach less personal significance to it, although due to the nature of blocked functions it is usually used in tandem with the base function. In their value system, their creative function activities seem less personally significant than their base function activities. When other people try to make this function the main criterion for everything, light irritation can arise, and the person may try to “correct” the other person’s emphasis by presenting a perspective from his base function and suggesting that this is more important. Also, when other people express problems having to do with this
information aspect
, the person quickly takes interest and tries to present solutions — but always through his own base function. For instance, an SEE will try to help other people solve their Fi
related problems (relationships and understanding between people) through a Se
perspective (making sure you know what you want and are trying to achieve it; understanding the territorial aspect of interaction; recognizing the obvious “dumb things” that people are doing that are ruining the relationship). When people get to use their creative function to help others’ problems, they feel needed and fulfilled and begin to live more fully. Likewise, criticism in this area is more sensitive and unpleasant than in the base function.
Use of the creative function — while frequent and effortless — seems to turn on and off. One moment the person may seem highly interested in this aspect, and the next — totally indifferent. This may jar people for whom this aspect of reality is of more supreme importance and who expect more consistent attention and effort in this area. A good example of this is one’s interaction with their
mirror
partner; each person’s leading function is subject to the other’s creativity function, so even though both partners do share similar worldviews, they are apt to ‘correct’ or add on to the other’s rigid and finalized points.
Super-ego
¶
for
intertype relation
of the same name, see
Super-ego relations
.
The second row of
Model A
(functions 3 and 4) is called the
Super-Ego block
. The individual’s free and spontaneous use of the Ego block functions implies limitations on the use of these functions, which are a kind of rejected alternative to the
Ego
block. Each type tends to believe that his own Super-Ego functions are meant to be used only for the purposes established by the Ego functions; that is, their application is limited to serving the Ego block’s interests. When a person’s own interests are not sufficiently developed and people around him pressure him to be more competent with his Super-Ego functions, distress and disappointment result. The psyche is not able to channel energy through the Super-Ego functions long enough to achieve lasting results, which leads to disappointment, guilt, and even neuroses if the individual believes that the development of these functions is the measure of his worth as a person.
The Super-Ego functions are the source of much self-consciousness. When among strangers or critical onlookers, people tend to suddenly become aware of the possible inadequacy of their Super-Ego functions and often respond in one of two ways:
demonstratively act through these functions to create an illusion of confidence
demonstratively state their complete incompetency or rejection of these areas
The Super-Ego functions are in the mental ring and thus describe things that the individual tries to mentally formulate for himself. However, in contrast to the Ego block functions, the Super-Ego functions almost always keep their conclusions to themselves. Any information which is shared in these areas is meant for abstract discussion, rather than actual advice or criticism.
Role Function
¶
This
role
function is also called the
third function
. When a person is actively using his
base function
, the role function is essentially turned off. The two cannot both be “on” at the same time, because they represent two opposing approaches to similar things. An example of each opposing pair of elements are:
Si
vs.
Ni
: a focus on one’s environment and how it’s affecting one’s physical state
vs.
a focus on a situation’s development over time and other underlying meanings
Se
vs.
Ne
: active acquisition, control, and organization of visible territory and objects
vs.
active search for and development of invisible potential and emerging situations
Fi
vs.
Ti
: evaluation according to personal sentiments
vs.
evaluation according to impersonal laws (mercy vs. justice)
Fe
vs.
Te
: evaluation according to the people/social element involved
vs.
evaluation according to efficiency, effectiveness or objective reasoning
Because of this opposition, the more one gets carried away with one’s base function, the more the role function is ignored or suppressed. People are generally somewhat aware of this suppression and perceive it as a personal weakness that needs to be “worked on” in order to meet other people’s expectations and achieve something in society. It is typical for people to periodically work on their role function in order to correct imbalances in their life and improve their weak areas. However, these attempts are generally sporadic and are forgotten as soon as the perceived problem begins to go away and the person once again becomes carried away with their usual lifestyle which is dominated by their base function. Thus, development of the role function is more like patching up leaks than building a complete, self-sufficient structure. Often individuals wish they could build up their role function and become “supermen”, but an excessive focus on this unreachable goal brings disappointment, because the base function always wins anyways.
When people are criticized for their lack of attentiveness to their role function, they are often irritated because they are already well aware of the deficiency and have already tried and failed to correct it. When problems arise with the role function, energy flows away from the base function, the individual brings his usual activities to a halt, and tries to pick up all the tasks he had been neglecting. Directing energy through the base function is effortless; working with the role function requires effort and concentration. Thus, people’s concept of self-development is often centered on development of the role function and the Super-Ego block in general.
Compared to the vulnerable function, role function criticism is easier for a person to respond to or dismiss, since they believe that it has some value, in theory. The role function is triggered situationally, when individuals are met with situations that oppose their base aspect of reality. The base function only accepts information relating to its information aspect, and other information cannot be produced into new data with the creative function.
Vulnerable Function
¶
The
vulnerable function
is also called the
point or place of least resistance (PoLR)
,
painful
or
sensitive
function, or simply the
fourth function
. The element in this function creates a feeling of frustration and inadequacy. A person does not understand the importance of this element entirely, and it can easily lead to painful consequences if not adequately considered.
However, to directly engage this function creates feelings of insecurity and distress. One reason why the vulnerable function is so difficult to engage is because three other conscious functions come before it, making this one the most difficult to comprehend. Often an alternative approach may be found from the view of the
mobilizing function
. Because of the psychological disincentives to using the vulnerable function, people usually try to ignore information related to it, and in extreme cases do so even in situations where it is most relevant. Even with a theoretical understanding of how this element works, it is difficult to turn it into practical norms of behavior. One can “develop” the vulnerable function by recognizing that it is actually important in certain real-life circumstances. Even if the subject recognizes this, he will still usually try to avoid taking responsibility for it himself, or develop a minimalist or non-traditional approach (possibly using other functions) that is enough to satisfy one’s own needs. The presence of a dual usually dissolves any concern there might be about how to approach matters of the vulnerable function.
Some examples:
A type with
Fe
PoLR does not see the point of activities revolving around excessive displays of emotion or behavior that does not reach a concrete or tangible outcome. They would rather keep conversations serious and to the point, for he/she is overwhelmed by such emotional expression, making it quite difficult to express themselves. In social interactions they will make a serious effort to reduce their level of emotive expressiveness such as being too joyful or sad, believing that showing these signs will make them vulnerable to be influenced by others. They don’t hold quite a high standard for how people as a group feel about something (even if outnumbered by many when making a personal decision), and instead value situations where they can speak their own subjective opinions and feelings freely.
A type with
Ne
PoLR has a difficult time understanding ideas that seem new or novel, especially when it has no tangible effect on their lives. Leaving little to chance, they are able to plan out their lives for years ahead of time. This results in difficulties handling unexpected problems in their lives that put a halt on their usual pursuits, and they tend to fear all the possible “what-if’s” when those problems prevent them from seeing a clear future. When unsure about something, these types can either avoid making any changes at all or making too quick and reckless of a decision, either of which resulting in missed opportunities.
A type with
Si
PoLR has little patience for sitting back and focusing on how they can physically better themselves in the moment, especially if they are involved in what they view as a very important matter. They would much rather try to act on their long-term priorities instead of their physical comfort, resulting in problems such as an inability to be aware or care about present realities, failure to realize the physical or mental strains they are placing on themselves, and being generally unable to relax and take the focus off of their long-term pursuits.
A type with
Te
PoLR tends to reject facts given from a source which they are personally unfamiliar with, firmly believing they can make their own decisions that are solely based on their own perspective and reasoning about it. They will tend to become defensive when questioned about their rationale or efficiency, pointing out that there is no such thing as objective “fact”. Also, these types experience a significant level of stress in tending to day-to-day must do’s and responsibilities in life (like routine maintenance or working productively), manifesting itself as a general laziness or hyper-diligence.
Super-id
¶
The third row of Model A (functions 5 and 6) is called the
Super-id block
. The subject will appreciate direct help to the Super-id, and sees tasks related to it as chores best left to others, but also as a source of frequent recreation. When feeling like there’s something missing in his life, the subject will try to use his Super-id functions, but with limited effect, as it often comes off as overkill and is usually poorly developed. Only in the presence of complementary types can an individual let loose his child-like Super-id without fear of criticism. But ironically, although these types will maintain a good deal of their Super-id information in the atmosphere, they will at the same time doggedly encourage him to keep using his Ego functions, which in the end is the healthiest thing for him to do anyway.
Suggestive Function
¶
The suggestive function is also called the dual-seeking function or the fifth function. The subject finds it difficult to be overwhelmed by this element, since it perfectly complements and drives the activity of the leading function. The more it is present in his daily life, the more he will naturally adapt to its presence (see
dualization
). They are easily entertained by this kind of information, and its sustained presence creates a soothing psychological effect. If someone experiences a deficiency of it in his environment, he may attempt to supply it himself, but become soon exhausted. Unlike the mobilizing function, concentrated and prolonged doses from other people are received positively (depending somewhat on the individual’s degree of dualization).
People focus deeply on the use of this function in day-to-day life, always attempting to digest information received from the environment through this aspect of reality. This is because it complements the leading function, making an individual not only more understanding but more satisfied about their pursuits in the Ego.
Activating Function
¶
The
activating function
is also called the
hidden agenda (HA)
, or the
sixth function
. Help in this element is appreciated, but past a certain point is seen as excessive. The subject is more comfortable using this function than the suggestive function but still can only use it sporadically. If he isn’t careful and directs it at an individual who does not value it, he will likely meet a harsh response, since they are almost sure to see it as a puerile gesture (more so than when he uses the suggestive function, usage of which comes off as more mature and well-considered, since he takes it more seriously in the first place). The subject’s innate lack of balance in the mobilizing function can easily cause him to indulge in it recklessly or to sorely neglect it. It is best used in support of the suggestive function.
See also
Ganin’s views on the “hidden agenda”
.
Id
¶
The fourth row of
Model A
(functions 7 and 8) is called the
Id block
. People see Id elements as a relatively easy, if somewhat boring and meaningless exercise, good for sharpening one’s skills, but not worth focusing on too much.
Ignoring Function
¶
The
ignoring function
is also called the
observing
or
limiting
function, or the
seventh function
.
A person has very little use of this element, as it is the rival image of the
base function
, representing an antithetical approach to the same domain. It lies in the subconscious as a persistent annoyance to the individual. Therefore, he or she tries to ignore it. When lectured by another on the use of the ignoring function, the individual sees it as superfluous information, for he or she knows how to use the function well, but chooses not to use it in favor of his or her more convenient base function. Usually the base function creates byproducts relating to the ignoring function, but the way it describes such information is very carefully chosen to fit the view of the leading function.
A person limits the expression of this element in public (in favor of the base function), but sometimes uses it extensively in private, and can call upon it when necessary. For example, an
SEI
usually defaults to his base function Si
and shies from activities that are highly physical or cause conflict, but if inevitable confrontation arises, he is able to use his Se
and become fiercely coercive and quarrelsome for short periods of time.
The extreme avoidance of this function can make it appear weak at times. However, when engaged it does not cause the same kind of psychological stress as a weak function, instead creating a kind of boredom or malaise.
Demonstrative Function
¶
This function is also called the
eighth function
. A person uses this element mainly as a kind of game, or to ridicule those who he thinks take it too seriously. This function is often intentionally used against its conventional usage simply to prove a point in favor of person’s
creative function
. It is associated with the protective effect for vulnerable (PoLR) function of one’s dual type. However, demonstrative function is also used quite often in private, to produce information of its element to support their creative function when focusing on making contact with the external world.
A person will often have just as sophisticated an understanding of this function as his or her
leading function
. Unlike the ignoring function it plays a major part in a person’s worldview, since as the
vulnerable function
of one’s
dual
it requires especially delicate attention. Thus, when a person is given information regarding the element in the demonstrative function by someone else, they will tend to take it as obvious information that is irrelevant to completely focus on. One will often use the demonstrative function to defend and further support their beliefs made in the vulnerable function.
The demonstrative function is easiest function to use (after the base function) yet often occurs sporadically. When one experiences a problem regarding this function, one must correct it as it does play a vital part in a person’s worldview.
See also
¶
Function dichotomies
Model A
The Structure and Elements of Socionics Model A by Victor Gulenko
Information Elements
Information aspect
External Links
¶
One hypothesis on the possible nature of functions
by
Rick DeLong
. |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/model_a.html | Model A¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Model A
¶
Introduction
¶
Model A is a detailed model of human information metabolism named after
Aushra Augustinavichiute
who has created it by incorporating
Carl Jung’s work on Psychological Types
with
Antoni Kępiński’s theory of information metabolism
. This model consists of
8 functions
each of which works with one of the
8 information aspects
. Different combinations of information aspects in different functions of model A create the 16 distinct types of information metabolism of Socionics – i.e. the 16 Socionics TIMs.
Model A forms the foundation of classical socionics. Over the past decades, various improvements and changes to model A, as well as
alternative models
have been proposed.
Structure of Model A
¶
A detailed representation of Model A is given in the table below. The rest of this page covers extended descriptions of its constituents.
Functions of Model A
¶
Inert
Contact
Properties
Blocks
Rings
1. Program
base
4D
2. Creative
instrumental
3D
strong
conscious
valued
verbal
Ego
“I know”
“Others need me”
Mental Ring
4. Mobilizing
painful
1D
3. Role
regulatory
2D
weak
conscious
not valued
nonverbal
Super-ego
“I should”
“I’m not needed”
Mental Ring
6. Activating
referent
2D
5. Suggestive
credulous
1D
weak
unconscious
valued
verbal
Super-id
“I want”
“I need others”
Vital Ring
7. Ignoring
Limiting
3D
8. Background
demonstrative
4D
strong
unconscious
not valued
nonverbal
Id
“I can”
“Others are not needed”
Vital Ring
Eight Functions
¶
Model A is typically drawn as a
2x4 matrix
as is shown in the first table below. Each of the 8 functional slots is taken up by 1 information aspect to build the model A for a particular type, as is shown in the second table. The functions follow standard numbering from 1 to 8. The elements are often designated by their corresponding
geometric symbols
.
Note
It is important to note that the numbering of functions in socionics does not indicate their “strength”, rather their position and role within the model A.
Functions of Model A
¶
Leading function
Creative function
Vulnerable function
Role function
Activating function
Suggestive function
Ignoring function
Demonstrative function
Model A for TIM ILE
¶
Ne
(leading)
Ti
(creative)
Fi
(vulnerable)
Se
(role)
Fe
(activating)
Si
(suggestive)
Ni
(ignoring)
Te
(demonstrative)
The placement of information aspects in the 8 functional slots is not random and follows
certain rules for positioning
. Once we specify the aspects of the first two functions, this is enough information to specify all of the remaining aspects and the exact socionics TIM.
As can be seen from the table above, each socionics type perceives and processes all of the
aspects of reality
, but depending on the positioning of those aspects in this TIM’s model A this happens to varying degrees of clarity, depth, and comfort. Model A can be figuratively pictured as a round tower with eight windows that face in different directions. Some windows are large and clear; from these windows a person can see far and in great detail - these are the strong functions. Other windows are small and blurry, allowing to see only vague contours, or not even distinguish whether it’s light or dark outside - these are the weak functions. The size and properties of each window are individual for each person, but, at the same time, there are certain rules that concern their positioning that specify the 16 distinct types of information metabolism of socionics.
By combining the characteristics of an element with the properties of its functional position of Model A, we can generalize traits and attitudes manifested by socionics TIMs that have that particular element in that particular position. Thus, we can use Model A as an abstract framework to generate types descriptions of 16 TIMs of socionics. Furthermore, socionics
intertype relations
can be also be analyzed and understood on basis of Model A. However, as a rule, significant amount of practical observation and introspection is necessary to understand how this theoretical model applies in practice.
Functional Properties and Dichotomies
¶
The 8 functions of the model A can be distinguished by the
functional dichotomies
that impart certain set of properties on each function.
The functional dichotomy of
strong-weak
is related to the dimensionality of functions, where 3- and 4-dimensional functions are considered to be strong, and 1- and 2-dimensional functions are called weak. The idea of dimensionality of functions was introduced by A. V. Bukalov in 1989 by analogy with the dimension of functions in mathematics. Later this concept was used by V. D. Yermak. According to this concept, the “strength” of functions of model A corresponds to how many parameters are accessible to it in processing information, up to four.
Functions of Model A
¶
Inert
Contact
Blocks
1st
Program
Strong
;
Valued
;
Inert
Verbal
;
Mental
;
Bold
Evaluatory
;
Exterior
;
Accepting
4-dimensional
2nd
Creative
Strong
;
Valued
;
Contact
Verbal
;
Mental
;
Cautious
Situational
;
Interior
;
Producing
3-dimensional
Ego block
4th
Painful
Weak
;
Subdued
;
Inert
Non-verbal
;
Mental
;
Cautious
Evaluatory
;
Interior
;
Producing
1-dimensional
3th
Role
Weak
;
Subdued
;
Contact
Non-verbal
;
Mental
;
Bold
Situational
;
Exterior
;
Accepting
2-dimensional
Super-ego block
6th
Activating
Weak
;
Valued
;
Inert
Verbal
;
Vital
;
Bold
Situational
;
Exterior
;
Producing
2-dimensional
5th
Suggestive
Weak
;
Valued
;
Contact
Verbal
;
Vital
;
Cautious
Evaluatory
;
Interior
;
Accepting
1-dimensional
Super-id block
7th
Ignoring
Strong
;
Subdued
;
Inert
Non-Verbal
;
Vital
;
Cautious
Situational
;
Interior
;
Accepting
3-dimensional
8th
Demonstrative
Strong
;
Subdued
;
Contact
Non-verbal
;
Vital
;
Bold
Evaluatory
;
Exterior
;
Producing
4-dimensional
Id block
Four Blocks
¶
The 8 functions of model A are further grouped into
four blocks
each containing 2 functions in a row. Each block contains one
rational
and one
irrational
element, one
Extroverted
and one
Introverted
element. Traditionally it is thought that the functions of each block are somehow connected and codependent with each other. Other socionists maintain that the functions manifest themselves separately.
Aushra Augusta has chosen the terms
Ego
,
Super-ego
,
Id
, and
Super-id
for the names of the four blocks by analogy with Sigmund Freud’s model of the psyche.
Note
It is important to note that the meaning of these terms in context of socionics model is somewhat different than their meaning in the practice of psychoanalysis.
Functions of Model A
¶
Leading function
Creative function
Ego block
Vulnerable function
Role function
Super-ego block
Activating function
Suggestive function
Super-id block
Ignoring function
Demonstrative function
Id block
Ego Block
¶
Ego Block – is the block of strong, mental, conscious functions
:
leading function
and
creative function
. The aspects of the Ego Block functions are valued within the quadrant of a given type.
The Ego block is a socially demonstrative, creative block that forms the core of the TIM and is usually associated with an individual’s ego - their inner “I”. This is an area of conscious competence and individualism, as well as conscious and active observation and influence on the world. A person is usually the most confident, informed, and energetically active on their Ego block functions. On this block, we rarely experience feelings of remorse, doubt, and shame; neither does this block shift responsibilities or blame onto others.
The Ego block comprises a point of accurate self-assessment and demands social recognition that is adequate to its abilities. The activities of the functions of this block are socially directed - people easily share their experience and lend help to others from their Ego block. The functions in this block rarely “get tired”, thus a person can fill in most of their free time by activities pertaining to the functions of this block. Often people pick their primary sphere of activity and occupation basing on the functions of the Ego block.
The Ego block is believed to be fully formed by the time a person reaches 24-25 years of age. Some socionists have noticed that this observation coincides with C. G. Jung’s commentary: “The first half of [a person’s] life is devoted to forming a healthy ego, the second half is going inward and letting go of it.”
Note
It should be noted that while this is the strongest block of a TIM, the accuracy and correctness of its estimates is strongly influenced by a person’s level of experience, knowledge, and intelligence. It is quite possible for the Ego block functions to make mistakes. Still, a person rarely feels deeply ashamed or inadequate on this block even if they’ve blundered and recovers with ease.
The two functions of the Ego Block, the leading function and the creative one, are said to constitute the “formula of the type”. These are the most independent and confident functions. Activity of this block always carries an unfinished, open-ended nature. On this block a person says: “I know what I need the best. If some changes or improvements are needed, I will implement them without outside help.”
The program, base, or leading function directs the global perception and general lifestyle of a person i.e. it constitutes the “program” for a person’s life. The perception and filtering of reality through the base function happens so naturally and imperceptibly that often it is difficult for an individual to imagine that the surrounding reality can be perceived any differently. The base function is always subtly present and “coloring” an individual’s perceptions from a very early age. Its presence as a constant stream of information without strong variations makes it difficult to notice in others, as well as in oneself, despite it being the strongest and most conscious function. For typing purposes, a person needs to be considered “on global scale” to determine the activity and orientation of their “program” function. It could be said that people “embody” their leading function rather than express it in daily situations. People often have strong ego identification with their “program” function as it is assumed to be a part of their identity.
The leading function is
inert
and relatively inflexible. It changes its notions and outlooks slowly and gradually, especially for people of leading function
subtypes
. Often, information that is capable of causing such changes evokes resistance and rejection from the leading function, and is therefore integrated very slowly. Such integration has the highest chance of taking place typically under the conditions of repeated and prolonged exposure to the leading function of one’s dual TIM.
The creative or implementation function is another strong, conscious function. However, in contrast to the
inert
leading function, it is flexible and
contact
. Creative function does not have an “integrated and complete” picture of the world, but rather considers different options available in a given situation with the goal of finding an appropriate solution for the situation that is satisfactory and supports the person’s base function. Creative function gets actively expressed in conversations and everyday situations. Its expressions are poignant, designed to leverage some effect in daily situations, and often draw the immediate attention of others. Creative function requires some effort to be put forth and thus “choosy” as to when it is expressed; it may “lie in waiting” for a while to become realized in smaller everyday situations. Being another strong function in the Ego block that is openly expressed, it is oft mistaken for the leading function, especially for people of creative function subtypes.
Super-ego Block
¶
Super-ego block – is the block of weak, mental, conscious functions
:
vulnerable function
and
role function
. The aspects for the Super-ego functions are not valued within the quadrant of a given type.
This block is known as the block of “social control” and the block of “social conformism”. It can be likened to the “social conscience” of an individual: this block’s activity is directed primarily at fulfillment of norms and standards that other people set for the individual. Any evaluations and instructions on this block the individual seeks external to himself, from other people who surround him or her; here the individual “surrenders” himself to the direction and control of society, consciously admitting own weaknesses on this block. The absence of “painful irritation” on 4th vulnerable function is considered to be a sign that the individual satisfies and meets the expectations of others; each person wishes that his or her understanding of the 4th vulnerable aspect would coincide with the “public opinion”. According to interpretations of some socionics sources, this is the block through which a society controls a person.
Direct influences on Super-ego block are typically the most consciously discomforting to a person. At the same time, the person is consciously aware of his or her weaknesses in this area, and realizes that he or she must make up and react somehow. This reaction, as a rule, comes from the strong functions of their Ego block. Thus, influences on the Super-ego block make a person mobilize and consciously activate the functions of his or her Ego block for a response.
The Super-ego block never argues; it only reasons not adding anything new but only tallying up all that is known to the individual on its aspects. This block is “omnivorous” and readily absorbs all information that pertains to its aspects, at the same time showing a subpar differentiation of information.
In some literature this block is referred to as the “teenager” block - from this block the person tries to show to others: “I’m just like you. I am one of your own.” - which is reminiscent of socialization style of people in their teenage years, when a person tries to show their belonging to a particular peer group. It is also believed that this block fully forms during adolescent years (12-18).
The
role
function is a sufficiently flexible, contact, yet weak function. It may be called the “reserve” function, because it comes to aid when the possibilities and capabilities of base and creative functions are insufficient and in new situations when a person needs to be receptive of all kinds of information. However, in contrast to the creative function, the role function does not seek new options and solutions but chooses the most appropriate one from the set of already accumulated set of standards and norms. Prolonged need to focus on this function leads to feelings of discomfort and tiredness. At the same time, people periodically have a desire to “show themselves” on this function, to prove that they are up to standard and “no worse than others”, and to learn the means and methods for accomplishing this.
The
painful
function, which is also called the
point of least resistance
, is the most problematic of all socionics functions. This function is the weakest of the conscious functions, and its related aspects are often interpreted by a person as a significant personal issue or defect. Information received on painful function is often distorted and misinterpreted by a person, often too much exaggerated or too underestimated. In John Beebe’s model this function is associated with the “Trickster” archetype. Getting confronted with the need to deal with one’s own painful function, a person experiences a lot of uncertainty, senses his or her inability to accurately evaluate one’s own notions and actions and their effectiveness, and feels like he or she doesn’t know how to proceed correctly. Such realizations are often accompanied by feelings of anxiety and discomfort, a person may even start panicking. Any need to focus on the painful function leads to quick exhaustion, a sense of being drained out of energy. If some positive result is nevertheless attained on painful function, this is perceived as a major achievement and compliment by a person, and is usually grounds for enjoyment.
The painful function is inert and quite inflexible. It intakes new information with difficulty, particularly when this information doesn’t match previous experience.
Super-id Block
¶
Super-id block – is the block of weak, vital, unconscious functions
:
activating function
and
suggestive function
. The aspects of the Super-id block are valued within the quadrant of a given type. They constitute the Ego Block functions of one’s dual type.
The Super-id block is sometimes called the “child” block in socionics literature, because this is the block of weak unconscious functions on which it is difficult to engage in active, conscious, purposeful activity. A person most often is a “consumer” of information on this block, readily absorbing any related information from others, and even provoking others to produce such information, which is best accomplished by their dual TIM. At the same time, a person poorly discerns information on this block, and tends to be overly trusting of the arguments and evaluations provided by others. This is especially descriptive of the suggestive function, which has been called “suggestive” because a person is too suggestible, malleable, and easily directed on this element, having weak ability to evaluate incoming information on this function.
In general, people need extensive advice and support on the aspects of their Super-id bock, which they typically receive from others who have these information aspects as part of their Ego block. To think for oneself and resolve problems independently on this block the person “hasn’t the time” and little understanding of own wishes and needs; thus a person usually gives a lot of freedom to others, including their partner, over these aspects.
Having little awareness of one’s own needs on this block, the person does not pose their own interests on this block in opposition to others; certain victimness and sacrificial behavior can be observed on this block, as well as a need for external regulation and control. If a person does not receive support and high quality positive advice on these aspects, and experiences inadequacy on own suggestive and activating functions, a feeling of “blaming others” begins to develop over this block. In this case, a person start accusing people around for not living up to his expectations, withdrawing from society, and placing all responsibility on others. (As an example: An elderly lonely ILE man was no longer able to sufficiently take care of his living quarters, where he also kept a monkey as a pet and company. As the items and trash accumulated in his flat, and he started receiving complaints from other residents of the complex, he blamed them and his neighbors for not helping him out with upkeep and maintenance of his apartment.)
The
suggestive
function is one of the weakest functions of model A. Information received on this function is not subjected to much critical thinking and independent evaluation by a person, similar to the painful function. However, in contrast to the painful function, information relayed on suggestive aspect does not cause rejection, discomfort, and tiredness, but conversely this information evokes appreciation and trust and is received by a person as something very valuable and important. Nevertheless a person usually has somewhat of a passive attitude towards this function, expecting others to fulfill its needs. A person’s formula for treating this function is usually: “If it doesn’t hurt, I don’t notice it,” but once problems arise a person becomes exceptionally dependent on others on this aspect and receptive to their advice and directions. This is most pronounced in people of leading function subtypes.
This function is sufficiently tolerant of criticisms of others, even harsh ones, which it even takes for signs of love and care. It is experienced as more sensitive and vulnerable for people of leading function subtypes.
Influences on his function can change the inner state and outlook on the world of a person by slightly adjusting the notions of the inert base function. However a person has only weak ability to influence him or herself on this aspect, and this is typically accomplished by people of his or her dual TIM.
The
activating
function is also sometimes called the “referent”. This is another weak valued function on which a person willingly receives help and support of others, similar to the suggestive. In contrast to suggestive function, information relayed on this aspects gets partial critical evaluation and is checked against some internal standards and notions to determine whether this information is acceptable to the individual and should be accepted or rejected. A great deal of unconscious evaluation of partners in terms of whether they are acceptable happens on this function. A person’s activity level on this aspect depends on other people - if there is support, then a person’s activity may even surpass those around him, however, if there is no support - the person vanishes without a trace.
Unlike the suggestive function, the activating function often reacts painfully to any perceived criticisms and remarks, and expects only silent understanding and support (this effect is somewhat lessened for people of leading function subtypes, who exhibit higher tolerance of criticism of their activating and vulnerable functions). This function is inert and somewhat inflexible, however, it has greater situational flexibility than the base function. The aspect of this function gets adjusted by the creative function of one’s dual TIM appropriately to the situation.
Id Block
¶
Id block – is the block of strong, vital, unconscious functions
:
demonstrative function
and
ignoring function
. The aspects of the Id block are not valued within the quadrant of a type; they constitute the Super-ego block of one’s dual TIM.
Passive skills - a person is quite capable on this block, but these skills are directed at prevention of negative moments and dangerous developments rather that active and conscious self-realization. The person has little awareness of what he is capable of on this block and little interest in it. The main function of this block is watching out for potential dangers and pitfalls, satisfaction of one’s base level of needs, and ensuring one’s own survival and survival of close people. Other types of activities on this block are usually of no interest to a person and don’t bring results of high social value and merit. A person is typically unable to constantly work on the aspects of this block, since this requires placing restrictions on one’s Ego block, constant self-scrutiny and self-criticism.
The Id block is a “kinetic energy” block same as the Ego block. These are the blocks of of decisive and persistent activity that doesn’t know shame and uncertainty - unlike the blocks of Super-ego and Super-id that are “potential energy” blocks on which a person often experiences doubt and worries.
The
ignoring
function, also called
limiting
, is a strong function that directs its activity at observing what one should not do, how one should not act, warning one’s partner about the potential consequences, recommending possible courses of action to help one’s partner to overcome a negative situation. Prolonged and in depth activity of this function, however, is perceived by the individual as something boring and unnecessary, and even irritating. The individual may admire other people who occasionally demonstrate strong use of this function, but generally considers that it is not something deserving of much attention. The individual typically ignores or omits information relayed on this aspect from further conversation, by which he limits its spread. As with most vital functions, the activity of ignoring function is directed at here and now situations experienced by the person, with no observation of some kind of general global moments. The ignoring function can be described to be more strongly “ignoring” for people of leading function subtypes.
The
demonstrative
function is another strong function that is directed at not allowing the situation to develop in a negative way for oneself and for one’s partner. In contrast to the limiting function, the demonstrative function does not warn one’s partner about potential consequences, but without extra words the person takes measures for preventing negative development of a conversation or a situation. Despite being a strong function, any active discussion of this aspect is rejected by the person with the wish to change the course towards the strong valued aspects of their type. Since the aspect of demonstrative function corresponds to the aspect of the painful function of dual types, in this manner duals stop the influx of unwanted information and shield each other’s painful functions. Any actions against oneself or close people are met by rebuffs from demonstrative function. The demonstrative function is more strongly expressed in people of creative function subtypes.
Rings of Model A
¶
For each person, perception of reality gets broken down into two parts: that of external reality and that of internal reality. When we are learning about external reality, we learn about the world around us as well as ourselves as an object and a part of this world. However, there is also the internal reality, studying which we learn about ourselves from the inside, about our internal perceptions and responses to the outside world. This is reflected by the division of information processing of model A into two rings: the mental ring and the vital ring.
The
mental ring
: The functions of the mental ring are considered to be conscious. This ring receives, processes, and uses information about the external world. It is responsible for the awareness and study of the objective external reality. This includes information needed for the management of the external world (directed by the Ego block) and for adaption to it (enabled by the Super-ego block). The functions of this conscious ring are dynamic for
dynamic types
and static for the
static types
.
The mental ring solves its problems consciously - by gathering, recognition, and transmission of information. The vital ring is capable of receiving signals-irritants and independently responding to them. However, the mental ring is not a more autonomous part than the vital ring. The mental ring tunes to work only after it’s activated by the vital ring of dual TIM.
Workings of Model A
¶
The working order of functions of model A at present time finds no consensus among socionists. To some extent, the standard is the ordering described in the original works of A. Augustinaviciute, which shows a transfer of information along the mental and vital rings consecutively, in the order 1 → 2 → 3 → 4 → 1 and 5 → 6 → 7 → 8 → 5. Accordingly, the main entry point for incoming information are Role and Suggestive functions, and exit points are Creative and Demonstrative, that is, it is the four
contact
functions that are responsible for information exchange with the outside world.
For further information about information transfer in model A see
The Structure and Elements of Socionics Model A by Victor Gulenko
.
Positioning rules
¶
To build a complete model of a type it is sufficient to specify the
information aspects
that go into the first and the second functions. From there the other aspects fall into place as is determined by 4 dichotomies - 4 pairs of mutually exclusive traits:
Sensing - Intuition
Ethics - Logics
Extraversion - Introversion
Rationality - Irrationality
The
information aspect
placed in the first function can be any one of the 8. The aspects of the next three functions will be on the same side of static/dynamic dichotomy but with alternating introversion/extraversion (alternating geometric symbol colors) and rationality/irrationality traits. For example, if the first aspect is Ti (static, introverted rational), then the second aspect can be either Se or Ne (static, extraverted, irrational), the third aspect again needs to be introverted, as well as static and rational, and this can only be Fi as Ti was already taken, and then in the fourth place again can only be filled by Se or Ne. Thus, if the first function of model A is filled by the static, introverted, rational aspect of Ti, then there are only two possible ways of filling out the next four functions: Ti-Se-Fi-Ne (which is TIM LSI “Maxim”) or Ti-Ne-Fi-Se (which is TIM LII “Robespierre”).
The fifth function is filled by an aspect that coincides in rational/irrational trait with the first one, but is opposite to it in -version and Jung’s dichotomies of sensing/intuition and logic/ethics. For example if the first position is taken up by Ti then the fifth position is filled by Fe. The remaining three functions are filled according to the above mentioned rules.
Thus for any aspect placed in first function there are only two permissible ways of filling out the rest of the model A. Considering that there are 8
information aspects
that can fill the first function and 2 possible combinations for each we obtain 16 socionics types.
Across the socion
¶
Information elements
fill
functions
to make 16 valid Models A. These represent the 16 types of the
socion
.
See also
¶
On Specialization of Functions of Model A by Tsypin
The Structure and Elements of Socionics Model A by Victor Gulenko
Augusta model of the information metabolism
Model B
Model G
Model J
Model T
Links
¶
The Socionic Model of the Psyche
by
Rick DeLong
.
Blog Entries about Model A
from
The Socionist
blog by
Rick DeLong
.
Introduction to Model A
at
Socioniko.net
(machine translation)
Article on Model A
from the Russian Wikipedia (machine translation)
Description of Model A
from
sociomodel.ru
(machine translation) |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/small_groups.html | Small groups¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Small groups
¶
Warning
This page or section is
incomplete
. Additional contributions are needed.
Socionic types can be combined into groups that share common socionic traits. These are referred to as small groups, or quaternions if the number of types in the group is four. The most well-known small groups in socionics are
quadras
and
clubs
.
Small groups as a socionic concept generally include four types which have three
Reinin traits
in common. For example, the
club of Pragmatists
is Sensing, Logical, and Aristocratic. There are 140 such small groups.
See also
Classical Socionics:
IM elements
·
Functions
·
Socion
·
Type dichotomies
·
Small groups
Small Groups
¶
Quadras
Alpha
Beta
Gamma
Delta
Clubs
Researchers
Socials
Pragmatists
Humanitarians
Temperaments
EP
EJ
IP
IJ
Communication Styles
Business-like
Passionate
Cold-blooded
Sincere
Romance Styles
Aggressor
Victim
Caring
Childlike
Sortable Small Group Table
¶
See this
PDF
file.
Error Correction
¶
Each small group is a group of four types that share three dichotomy traits in common. Any combination of two of these three traits is enough information to define the small group. Since each small group is defined by all three traits, defining two selects the small group and implies what the third trait must be.
When using dichotomies to type a person, this redundancy can be used to double check observations. For instance, a person who is introverted and irrational, must be the receptive-adaptive temperament, and must also be a dynamic type. If all four of these traits, the three dichotomy and one small group, the are diagnosed independently and agree with each other, it is much more likely the assessment is correct. It is still possible to get a false positive, but it would require getting two dichotomy traits and the small group wrong. This dichotomy relation of two traits implying a third is true even for undefined small groups. The only difference is the description of the small group cannot be used as a check. In this case, it would still require two mistakes to get a false positive. In practice, it is likely that additional traits will be explored to check an original observation. It is very important to remain objective to avoid confirmation bias.
Even though all dichotomies are mathematically related through small groups, if a trait is not very accurate, it can harm the overall assessment. No method is always correct, so testing for the third dichotomy trait always increased the chances of getting inconsistent results. For traits that are reliable, this is worth it because the small chance of error is traded for a much higher confidence. However, traits that are not reliable harm the entire system, and are likely to contradict other correct observations.
In the case of an inconsistency, another method is needed to resolve the error. Some people apply small groups and dichotomies in a first phase to focus what model A questions to ask in a second phase. Others test as many traits as they can and then average the results.
There is not a consensus which dichotomies and small groups are reliable, so it is up to each individual practitioner to try them out and decide what combinations to use. Hopefully, in the future, rigorous scientific trials can test the accuracy of each concept and method, but for now, most of these concepts are still experimental.
Tetrachotomies
¶
A tetrachotomy is like a dichotomy, but with four elements, instead of two. When applied to the types, each element of a tetrachotomy is a small group.
A tetrachotomy represent an overall theme of the four small groups it divide. Quadra is the tetrachotomy of alpha, beta, gamma and delta. Club is the tetrachotomy of the researcher, humanitarian, socialite and pragmatist small groups. Temperament is the tetrachotomy of flexible-maneuvering, receptive-adaptive, linear-assertive and rigid-stable small groups.
By far, the most common tetrachotomies are combinations of three dichotomies. The table of all 140 small groups are grouped by this kind of regular tetrachotomy. However, it is possible to mix the small groups from two regular tetrachotomies together as long as they share a dichotomy division in common. When two related tetrachotomies are mixed, they result in a conjugate pair of mixed tetrachotomies. There are over a two thousand ways to create unique mixed tetrachotomies, but only four make sense in the context of model A. They are created by mixing regular tetrachotomies #9 with #14 and #19 with #20. All four of these tetrachotomies share the P {irrational, rational} dichotomy. The reason for mixing is the functional and intertype relation structure of model A, which is made asymmetric by rationality. These specific tetrachotomies can be mixed to group all the base functions or all creative functions together.
This is necessary to produce some of Reinin’s intertype relation tetrachotomies using type dichotomies, like the square (relaxation) and health group. Square is four types that all have the same leading quadra value and health group is four types with the same leading strength.
Dynamic Socionics
¶
There has been further research on all 35 of the small group systems at the Dynamic Socionics Center, headed by Vladimir Mironov. The related resources are linked in the further reading section below, and there is also a one of a kind book written on the subject called “Semantics of information aspects” by Kochubeeva LA, Mironova VV, and Stoyalova ML. All of the resources mentioned in this section as in Russian, so further translation and acquisition of information in English would be greatly appreciated.
Semantics of information aspects book:
http://www.dynamicsocionics.ru/magazin-socionics/product/view/2/3.html
Further reading
¶
Small Groups (Quaternions)
by
Dmitriy Lytov
(in Russian)
Dynamic Socionics Small Groups
by
Vladimir Mironov
(in Russian)
Pyramid Diagrams |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/quadra.html | Quadra¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Quadra
¶
A
quadra
is a group of four socionic types which have the same valued
elements
.
There are four quadra in the
socion
called
Alpha Quadra
,
Beta Quadra
,
Gamma Quadra
, and
Delta Quadra
. Each quadra is comprised of four types that values the same four information elements:
Quadras
¶
Quadra
Valued Elements
Types
Alpha
Ti
,
Fe
,
Si
,
Ne
ILE
,
SEI
,
LII
,
ESE
Beta
Ti
,
Fe
,
Se
,
Ni
SLE
,
IEI
,
EIE
,
LSI
Gamma
Te
,
Fi
,
Se
,
Ni
SEE
,
ILI
,
LIE
,
ESI
Delta
Te
,
Fi
,
Si
,
Ne
IEE
,
SLI
,
LSE
,
EII
The
intertype relations
that exist between the four types of any quadra are
identity
,
dual
,
activation
, and
mirror
. These relations are generally considered to be favorable, with types sharing similar or compatible strivings, unspoken values, and expectations for interaction.
Quadra Descriptions
¶
Attempts at accurate descriptions of quadras are notoriously difficult, as each quadra description must find some commonality among four types that are members of four different
temperaments
and two different
clubs
. Because the shared quadra values are abstract, quadra descriptions typically rely on presumed shared interests. All the typical problems of
type diagnosis
apply as well.
Wikisocion descriptions:
1st
Alpha Quadra
2nd
Beta Quadra
3rd
Gamma Quadra
4th
Delta Quadra
Additional articles and essays:
Quadra succession
The Clock of the Socion: Energy Dynamics of Quadra and Benefit Rings
by Victor Gulenko
Quadral Estafette: Silhouettes of Time Through Progression of Types by Victor Gulenko
Alpha Quadra: The Complex of Closed Mouth by Stratiyevskaya
Beta Quadra: The Complex of Subservience by Stratiyevskaya
Gamma Quadra: The Complex of Tied Hands by Stratiyevskaya
Delta Quadra: The Complex of Clipped Wings by Stratiyevskaya
Quadra values
¶
Warning
This page or section is
incomplete
. Additional contributions are needed.
The term
quadra values
is often used in socionics — for example, “LIIs have Ti as a quadra value.” What does this mean?
A possible explanation for quadra values is that the valued elements are either in the ego functions, which are conscious and strong, or the Super-Id functions, which are unconscious and weak. Because one naturally likes to have conscious control in the area of their strengths, the ego functions are valued. Similarly, because conscious engagement of one’s weaknesses is painful, the conscious Super-Ego functions are subdued, and the unconscious super-id functions valued. This is directly related to the idea of complementarity, which implies that duals allow the best possible environment for each other to develop their strengths, and at the same time, support their weaknesses in a healthy way.
Quadra values are best understood in terms of preference, and are unrelated to strength. For instance, a type with Se
Se
in their Ego will necessarily have Si
Si
in their Id and therefore be quite confident in both, but when there is a choice in priority, that type will tend to prefer to focus on Se
Se
over Si
Si
. A type of the same quadra, but without either function in the Ego, will likewise prefer Se
Se
over Si
Si
but not be particularly confident in either, so welcoming help from others on Se
Se
issues far more than over Si
Si
issues. Therefore both types have Se
Se
as quadra value.
Here is how each element manifests itself as a quadra value:
Valued extroverted intuition Ne
¶
Types that value
Ne
prefer to prepare for future events rather than plan future events. This could mean being prepared to jump on a opportunity in a particular field. They reject the idea of predicting and manipulating the future, and prefer to just do what they enjoy (
Si
) or be active in a field of a lot of opportunities and capitalise on the opportunities as they come.
These types are also uncomfortable in dogmatic environments, groups and ways of thinking, believing dogma to be restrictive to thoughts and expressions or limiting in intellectual opportunities. They enjoy discussing unusual insights and their possible ramifications on the world, with disregard for the stereotypes set by their society.
These types also dislike the idea of ‘the mystic’ who claims to have mysterious and idiosyncratic knowledge without connecting his ideas to the external world. However, they admire and seek out ‘masters’ who have specialized skills or knowledge beyond that of the normal individual.
Valued introverted intuition Ni
¶
Valued extroverted sensing Se
¶
Valued introverted sensing Si
¶
Types that value
Si
prefer to spend time enjoying activities that they do rather than straining themselves to achieve goals. They like to believe that if activities are done with enjoyment, people will give them more effort and time, and also becoming more skilled (
Ne
) at what they are doing in the long run. They believe that goals should suit people’s intrinsic needs rather than being imposed simply because they “have to be done”.
For these types, money and material goods are temporary means to an end, and hardly worth showing off. Similarly, they see prestige and the like as a silly, artificial concept that just encourages the worst and most primal aspects of human nature.
They also try to be easygoing and pleasant, preferring peaceful coexistence to conflict, except in the most extreme cases. They highly value personal autonomy, and see shows of force and idle threats as immature and unnecessary in a civilized society. Things tend to be very low-pressure with these types.
Valued extroverted logic Te
¶
Types that value
Te
tend to focus on worthwhile or beneficial activity (what is beneficial depends on the individual). They reject the idea that certain things can be analyzed on the principle that it is not beneficial or worthwhile to do so. An example of this would be use of socionics in business: although socionics does reflect how people act, actually using it beneficially in a business environment is difficult and overly complex, wasting effort and time on something that might not even make money.
They also do not like concepts or ideals (depending whether they are from Gamma or Delta) that are not practical or reflective of how the world works.
Valued introverted logic Ti
¶
Types that value
Ti
naturally question the consistency of beliefs that are taken for granted in everyday life. They strongly prefer to make decisions based on their own experience and judgement, as opposed to relying on external authorities for knowledge, which they believe to be a last resort, a necessary evil. They also have little respect for people with ambiguous or wishy-washy opinions, believing that a sense of internal certainty is necessary for orienting oneself in life. To these types, not all beliefs are created equal, so neutral consideration of them is an inherently flawed proposition. Qualifications such as “it is claimed that” only serve to obscure the true importance and validity of a statement.
They see overly pragmatic views as shallow and obvious, and try to limit public discussion of mundane practical matters. They are especially sensitive to redundant information, often seeing it as insulting to one’s intelligence.
Valued extroverted ethics Fe
¶
Types that value
Fe
like creating a visible atmosphere of camaraderie with other people. They enjoy a loose atmosphere where anything goes, where people don’t have to watch too carefully what they say for fear of offending others. This means these types try not to be too thin-skinned, always taking jokes with a grain of salt.
However, they are very conscious of the fact that the way something is said is very important to how it will be received, so they tend to add emphasis, embellishments, and exaggerations here and there to keep people engaged. The best way to say something is highly dependent on the situation and the implied purpose of the exchange, so of course levity is not appropriate in some situations; it is just one technique among many.
Even after explosive arguments, these types find it hard to hold grudges, and can tolerate people they (in principle) don’t like, as long as the situation is primarily social and doesn’t require too close contact. They prefer misgivings to be out in the open; they believe that the silent treatment is one of the worst things you can do to a person, and only aggravates the underlying problem.
Valued introverted ethics Fi
¶
Links
¶
Small Groups
¶
Quadras
Alpha
Beta
Gamma
Delta
Clubs
Researchers
Socials
Pragmatists
Humanitarians
Temperaments
EP
EJ
IP
IJ
Communication Styles
Business-like
Passionate
Cold-blooded
Sincere
Romance Styles
Aggressor
Victim
Caring
Childlike |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/intertype.html | Intertype relations¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Intertype relations
¶
Intertype relations refer to the patterns of functional interaction between two socionic types. There are 14 such patterns – 12 symmetric and 2 asymmetric.
List of Intertype Relations
¶
In English-language socionics, there are a number of competing terms for intertype relations. The ones that are the best translations from the most common Russian versions are listed first. It should be noted that just as with
Reinin dichotomies
, the names of these intertype interactions should not be translated literally.
Symmertric interactions
:
Activity / Activation
Business / Look-a-Like / Cooperation
Conflict
Duality
Extinguishment / Contrary
Identity
Kindred / Comparative / Congenerity
Mirage / Illusionary
Mirror
Semi-duality / Partial duality
Quasi-identity
Super-ego
Asymmetric interactions
:
Benefit / Request / Social Request or Order
Supervision / Revision / Audit
Reverse Benefit and Supervision
Complete Table
¶
Table of Intertype Relations
¶
ILE
SEI
ESE
LII
EIE
LSI
SLE
IEI
SEE
ILI
LIE
ESI
LSE
EII
IEE
SLI
ILE
Ide.
Dual
Act.
Mirr
+Ben
+Sup
Bus.
Mrg.
Sego
Ext.
Qua.
Conf
Ben+
Sup+
Kin.
S-d.
SEI
Dual
Ide.
Mirr
Act.
+Sup
+Ben
Mrg.
Bus.
Ext.
Sego
Conf
Qua.
Sup+
Ben+
S-d.
Kin.
ESE
Act.
Mirr
Ide.
Dual
Kin.
S-d.
Ben+
Sup+
Qua.
Conf
Sego
Ext.
Bus.
Mrg.
+Ben
+Sup
LII
Mirr
Act.
Dual
Ide.
S-d.
Kin.
Sup+
Ben+
Conf
Qua.
Ext.
Sego
Mrg.
Bus.
+Sup
+Ben
EIE
Ben+
Sup+
Kin.
S-d.
Ide.
Dual
Act.
Mirr
+Ben
+Sup
Bus.
Mrg.
Sego
Ext.
Qua.
Conf
LSI
Sup+
Ben+
S-d.
Kin.
Dual
Ide.
Mirr
Act.
+Sup
+Ben
Mrg.
Bus.
Ext.
Sego
Conf
Qua.
SLE
Bus.
Mrg.
+Ben
+Sup
Act.
Mirr
Ide.
Dual
Kin.
S-d.
Ben+
Sup+
Qua.
Conf
Sego
Ext.
IEI
Mrg.
Bus.
+Sup
+Ben
Mirr
Act.
Dual
Ide.
S-d.
Kin.
Sup+
Ben+
Conf
Qua.
Ext.
Sego
SEE
Sego
Ext.
Qua.
Conf
Ben+
Sup+
Kin.
S-d.
Ide.
Dual
Act.
Mirr
+Ben
+Sup
Bus.
Mrg.
ILI
Ext.
Sego
Conf
Qua.
Sup+
Ben+
S-d.
Kin.
Dual
Ide.
Mirr
Act.
+Sup
+Ben
Mrg.
Bus.
LIE
Qua.
Conf
Sego
Ext.
Bus.
Mrg.
+Ben
+Sup
Act.
Mirr
Ide.
Dual
Kin.
S-d.
Ben+
Sup+
ESI
Conf
Qua.
Ext.
Sego
Mrg.
Bus.
+Sup
+Ben
Mirr
Act.
Dual
Ide.
S-d.
Kin.
Sup+
Ben+
LSE
+Ben
+Sup
Bus.
Mrg.
Sego
Ext.
Qua.
Conf
Ben+
Sup+
Kin.
S-d.
Ide.
Dual
Act.
Mirr
EII
+Sup
+Ben
Mrg.
Bus.
Ext.
Sego
Conf
Qua.
Sup+
Ben+
S-d.
Kin.
Dual
Ide.
Mirr
Act.
IEE
Kin.
S-d.
Ben+
Sup+
Qua.
Conf
Sego
Ext.
Bus.
Mrg.
+Ben
+Sup
Act.
Mirr
Ide.
Dual
SLI
S-d.
Kin.
Sup+
Ben+
Conf
Qua.
Ext.
Sego
Mrg.
Bus.
+Sup
+Ben
Mirr
Act.
Dual
Ide.
+Sup: Type in the left column is Supervisor to the type at the top of the table.
Sup+: Type at the top of the table is Supervisor to type on the left.
+Ben: Type in the left column is Benefactor to the type at the top of the table.
Ben+: Type at the top of the table is Benefactor to type on the left.
Categories of relations
¶
Symmetric relations
relations refer to intertype interaction where the functions of Person 1 map to those of Person 2
the same way
that the functions of Person 2 map to Person 1. Example:
ESTp
has Ni and Te, which are
INTp
’s ego elements, in the 5th and 8th functions, respectively. Likewise, INTp has Se and Ti, which are ESTp’s ego elements, in the 5th and 8th functions, respectively. Therefore, the INTp and ESTp have a symmetrical relationship, and they are
Semi-Duals
.
Asymmetric relations
relations refer to intertype interaction where the functions of Person 1 map to those of Person 2
differently
from the way that the functions of Person 2 map to Person 1. Example:
INFj
has Si and Fe, which are
ISFp
’s ego elements, in the 6th and 7th functions, respectively. However, ISFp has Fi and Ne in the 8th and 5th functions. Therefore they have an asymmetrical relationship where they exert a different, non-symmetric influence on another another. The INFj is a
Benefactor
to an ISFp, but an ISFp is a
Beneficiary
to an INFj.
Further Links
¶
Socionics Research Institute
the16types.info
Socionics.us
Socionics.com
Intertype Relations by Filatova
Relations vs. Relationships
¶
It is common for people to get into the habit of equating intertype interaction (or ‘relations,’ as it is usually called) with the more everyday concept of relationship. Here is what
Aleksandr Bukalov
and Olga Karpenko of the
International Institute of Socionics
had to say about the difference between information interaction between types and relationships:
A.B. - Anyway, Aushra wrote several more works, such as The Socion, The Theory of Intertype Relations, and lengthy descriptions of several types, where she examined in detail how the information model of the psyche works for each type, how intertype relations work and how they manifest themselves — or, to be precise, “intertype information interaction,” out of which, on a subjective level, arise relationships. That’s how we’ve formulated it in recent years.
O.K. - In order to separate relationships from their information component.
A.B. - Yes, information interaction and how relationships feel subjectively are not exactly the same. Aushra mixed the two, but that’s natural.
[1]
Many socionics hobbyists eventually come to realization that congruence of TIMs, or types of information metabolism, does not translate to developing a close intimate relationships or romantic feelings for another person. The table of intertype relations can be applied to different types of social interaction.
Compatibility of types of information metabolism (i.e. socionics types) also does not prevent people form ever having arguments or conflicting with one another. Having compatible types of information metabolism merely increases the chances of both people being receptive to communication with one another. Many also report that even if they enter into an argument with someone of congruent TIM they feel like they have a better understanding of where the other person is coming from than when they argue with someone of less compatible TIM.
Easy to remember table
¶
The intertype relations are easier to remember by looking at
Jungian dichotomies
, using the
four-letter code
.
Examples:
Duals share only the fourth Jungian dichotomy: 0001
Mirrors share only the second and third Jungian dichotomy: 0110
relation
conformity
duality
0001
identity
1111
activity
1000
mirror
0110
super-ego
1001
quasi-identical
1110
contrary
0111
conflict
0000
semi-duality (rational)
0101
semi-duality (irrational)
0011
comparative (rational)
1011
comparative (irrational)
1101
illusionary (rational)
0011
illusionary (irrational)
0101
look-a-like (rational)
1101
look-a-like (irrational)
1011
supervision (rational supervisor)
0100
supervision (irrational supervisor)
0010
benefit (rational benefactor)
1010
benefit (irrational benefactor)
1100 |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/dich.html | Dichotomies¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Dichotomies
¶
A dichotomy is a binary trait that divides phenomena into one of two opposite categories. Dichotomies are a necessary attribute of any typology. For example,
Jung’s Typology
divides people using four dichotomies: extraverted / introverted, rational / irrational, thinking / feeling, and intuitive / sensing. There are 16 possible combinations of the axes or poles of these four dichotomies.
Dichotomies in Jung’s Typology and in socionics exist side by side with functional models and are generally recognized to be a result of the positioning of various
information elements
in different
functions
of the model, rather than an independent property. For example, rationality/irrationality and extroversion/introversion dichotomies are defined by the information element positioned in first function of the type, while sensing/intuition and ethics/logic dichotomies are determined by the identity of information elements found in the ego block of the type. Dichotomies are fundamentally built into the rules of information element and function positioning in model of the TIMs.
Dichotomies are applied in treatment of other key aspects of socionics, such as
intertype relations
. These influences are perhaps harder to understand, since intertype relations theory was originally built upon the interaction of IM elements rather than dichotomies. However, several contemporary socionists, such as
V. Stratievskaya
and
V. Gulenko
, apply both Jungian and Reinin dichotomies to further explain the dynamics and properties of various intertype relations, as well as expand upon such subjects in socionics as characterization of quadra and quadra progression. Smilexian socionics is another attempt to achieve descriptions that factor in dichotomous influences.
Compared to the
Myers-Briggs Typology
, socionics employs quite a few additional dichotomies. Some socionists, like
Viktor Gulenko
, integrate into their systems dichotomies from outside socionics, especially to characterize
intratype differences
.
Formal Properties
¶
All dichotomies are:
Jointly Exhaustive
- Each dichotomy can categorize all elements in its group.
Mutually Exclusive
- An element cannot fit both traits at the same time.
Dichotomies in socionics have two additional properties:
Central
- Pairs of traits have the same number of elements.
Symmetric
- Traits can be divided evenly in half by other related dichotomies
The only exception to the last two rules is the identity dichotomy, a mathematically necessary dichotomy for Reinin’s style of structure.
Type dichotomies
¶
In socionics, each type is characterized by one trait (or pole) of each
of the following 15 dichotomies. The first four are referred to as the
Jungian foundation
, and the other 11 are
referred to as
Reinin dichotomies
, named after
the socionist
Grigoriy Reinin
, who mathematically
demonstrated the existence of a total of 15 orthogonal dichotomies.
Technically speaking, the Jungian foundation is a subset of the Reinin
dichotomies, although they are given much more attention in socionics
and are not questioned.
Each Reinin dichotomy is either dependent or independent of (and hence
“orthogonal to”) each of the dichotomies in the Jungian foundation. Its
“tier” is the number that it is dependent on. This means that the number
of dichotomies in the
n
th tier must be
4
C
n
, where
C denotes
combination
.
The idea of grouping dichotomies into “tiers” seems to have come from
Dmitriy Lytov
, and not G. Reinin himself.
In 2003, a socionics research group at the laboratory of
interdisciplinary researches of The Institute of Biology and Psychology
of Humans (IBPCH) has conducted a study which attempted to test for,
characterize and substantially augment what is known about several
Reinin groups, presented actual statements made by research subjects, as
well as advance and test a number of hypotheses. Their publication can
be found here:
Reinin Dichotomies: Study Results
.
Jungian foundation (or first-tier dichotomies)
¶
Extraverted / Introverted
(sometimes called
Extratim
/
Introtim
)
Sensing / Intuitive
Ethical / Logical
Rational / Irrational
(sometimes
called
Shizotyme
/
Cyclotyme
or
Rigid
/
Labile
)
This first grouping of dichotomies, the
Jungian foundation
, is used universally among
socionists. The rest are somewhat controversial, but popular among many
socionists. To understand where they came from, read about the
Reinin dichotomies
.
Second-tier dichotomies
¶
Static / Dynamic
Yielding / Obstinate
(sometimes called
Resource-protecting
/
Interest-protecting
)
Aristocratic / Democratic
Tactical / Strategic
Constructivist / Emotivist
Carefree / Farsighted
(sometimes called
Incidental
/
Cautious
)
Third-tier dichotomies
¶
Merry / Serious
(sometimes called
Subjectivist
/
Objectivist
or
Ascending
/
Descending
)
Judicious / Decisive
(sometimes called
Reasonable
/
Resolute
or
Peripheral
/
Central
)
Positivist / Negativist
Process / Result
(also known as
Right
/
Left
or
Evolutory
/
Involutory
)
Fourth-tier dichotomies
¶
Asking / Declaring
(sometimes called
Questim
/
Declatim
or
Interrogative
/
Declarative
)
Function dichotomies
¶
Functions
can be categorized by using seven
Function dichotomies
:
Mental
/
Vital
Accepting
/
Producing
Strong
/
Weak
Inert
/
Contact
Valued
/
Subdued
Evaluatory
/
Situational
Bold
/
Cautious
Element dichotomies
¶
Information elements
can be categorized by
using seven
element dichotomies
:
Extroverted / Introverted
Irrational / Rational
Static / Dynamic
External / Internal
Abstract / Involved
Alpha / Gamma
Beta / Delta
Links
¶
Type
dichotomies
¶
Rationality and irrationality
Extraversion and introversion
Sensing and intuition
Ethics and logic
Static and dynamic
Process and result
Positivist and negativist
Asking and declaring
Constructivist and emotivist
Carefree and farsighted
Yielding and obstinate
Tactical and strategic
Merry and serious
Judicious and decisive
Asking and declaring |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/function_dich.html | Function dichotomies¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Function dichotomies
¶
Warning
This page or section is
incomplete
. Additional contributions are needed.
Functions can be categorized according to seven dichotomies. These seven dichotomies are related in the same way the
Jungian foundation
is related to the
Reinin dichotomies
, and are thus subject to the same criticism as Reinin dichotomies. Since the seven dichotomies start as mathematical groups, they can be defined with multiple compatible definitions, depending on the author and scope. Recently, Victor Gulenko has developed the Energy Model, sometimes called Model G, in which he redefines all seven function dichotomies to focus on the flow of information within the psyche.
Function dichotomies not only clearly contrast functions in Model A, but also serve as the information metabolism basis for most of type dichotomies, including the
Jungian foundation
and the
quadra values
.
Model A function dichotomies:
Model A Function Dichotomies
¶
Mental and Vital
¶
Perhaps the most important function dichotomy is mental/vital, sometimes called conscious/unconscious. The functions in the mental ring (functions 1, 2, 3, and 4) strive to verbalize information and formulate observations and form the core of the individual’s intellectual activity. On the other hand, the functions in the vital ring (functions 5, 6, 7, and 8) tend to manifest themselves without words in the process of doing things or inadvertently in the form of spontaneous sentiments. The mental and vital rings are briefly covered in
Model A
.
Accepting and Producing
¶
Accepting/producing is a dichotomy that separates the two functions of each block of Model A. Accepting functions ‘come first’ in each block and are odd-numbered: 1, 3, 5, and 7. Producing functions ‘come second’ and are even-numbered: 2, 4, 6, and 8. Note that accepting functions are on the left in the Ego and Id, but on the right in the Super-ego and Super-id.
Originally,
Aushra Augusta
suggested that accepting functions focus on obtaining a picture of reality, and producing functions create some sort of ‘new’ product that is molded to that cross-cut of reality obtained by the accepting function.
Strong and Weak
¶
See also
Dimensionality of functions
The Ego and Id functions are called
strong
, and the Super-ego and Super-id functions
weak
.
Strong functions
generally have a more sophisticated grasp on information, and can be used practically for the benefit of oneself and others.
Weak functions
, in contrast, tend to oversimplify data, do not usually generate conclusions on their own, and depend on help from outside sources.
The
extroverted
and
introverted
variants of an
information element
(e.g. extroverted intuition
and introverted intuition
) are different perspectives on the same sphere of activity, so it makes sense that strength in one implies strength in the other. For example, strength in accumulating data (
) implies strength in inferring structure based on that data (
).
Contact and Inert
¶
See also
Contact and Inert Subtypes by Meged and Ovcharov
Inert
functions (1, 4, 6, 7) are those that do not integrate information from the environment; thus, the strength of these functions remain the way they are. A person does not seek guidance in these areas as they comprise the core of their natural strengths and weaknesses.
Inert functions 1 and 4 are a part of the
mental ring
; these are essentially one’s most confident strengths (
base function
) and debilitating weaknesses (
point of least resistance
). It is for this reason that strong judgments about these aspects of reality are inadvertently made.
Inert functions 6 and 7 are in the
vital ring
of a person’s psyche. An individual is hardly aware of how these functions are used. The
mobilizing function
is inert since its primary mechanism is to mobilize one’s creative function into action. Thus one’s ability to use it does not become much stronger throughout life. The
ignoring function
is inert because it is part of a person’s natural strength, just like the base function. Conscious information is limited here in favor of the
leading function
.
Contact
functions (2, 3, 5, 8) are essentially how we touch upon the environment; they adapt and integrate new experiences from the environment. These are capable of being improved over time (through ability or simply new understandings).
Contact functions 2 and 3 are in the mental ring. The
creative function
produces new information out of what is accepted by the base function. This is literally how we uniquely ‘make contact’ with the world. This has potential to grow stronger as a conscious element since it’s the Ego’s connection to reality. In the
role function
, however, information from the environment is weakly accepted
situationally
, and is
subdued
since it opposes the base function’s approach. Although it cannot truly grow in strength, where it does grow is within the individual’s subjective understanding of that aspect of reality.
Contact functions 5 and 8 are in the vital ring and strive to
unconsciously
make contact with the environment. This is indefinitely true of the
suggestive function
. Since it complements the
base function
, people unknowingly seek information related to it from the environment to strengthen its ability. It is theoretically the only way one can improve on their leading function. The
demonstrative function
makes contact with one’s environment very unconsciously; it acts with the
conscious
leading function to produce one’s unique worldview, being just as strong as the base function.
Valued and Subdued
¶
See also
Quadra values
Valued functions are essentially what make up the foundation of our socionic type (Ego functions 1 and 2), and the processes that complement that foundation (Super-id functions 5 and 6). Every person actively seeks to process information based on these functions, and warmly create a sense of connection to others who value similar functions. The more valued functions in common means the closer the general compatibility between two types. These functions are what make up the quadra values of the types.
Subdued functions are the remaining four functions that oppose our preferences; as a result we try to limit the use of these functions. The mental-subdued (weak) functions are found in the Super-ego block (functions 3 and 4), and the vital-subdued (strong) functions are in the Id block (functions 7 and 8). Since these functions are what we suppress as much as we can, in situations where we must use them they tend to produce dissatisfaction and distress in ourselves. Subdued functions are sometimes called non-valued although some socionists prefer not to use this name.
Evaluatory and Situational
¶
Evaluatory
functions are the strongest (1 and 8) and weakest (4 and 5) functions of a person’s psyche; strong judgments about areas that involve these functions are made.
Accepting-evaluatory functions, specifically the leading and suggestive, are valued by the individual. Evaluations made here are taken seriously, as they compose the center of one’s personality. In the leading function lies the core of their evaluations and decisions and so remains firmly inert; information accepted in the complementary suggestive function is also evaluated by an individual, but being weak and still yet valued, it strives to make contact with the environment to develop.
Producing-evaluatory functions are subdued by the individual; evaluations are produced here only when information cannot be processed by valued accepting functions and are instead processed by our subdued accepting functions. Since the information produced in these areas are subdued, evaluations are generally negative but nonetheless firm. This is especially true of the vulnerable function. As for the demonstrative function, evaluations are produced in favor of one’s creative function, so it is taken less seriously even though an individual is quite sophisticated in that area.
Situational
functions are accessed on a case-by-case basis, so decisions and judgments made in these areas are more or less inclined to remain constant.
Accepting-situational functions (3 and 7) are subdued and only accept information in cases where the data accepted cannot be confidently evaluated by one’s valued accepting functions. In the role function, information is accepted consciously but is subdued as it opposes the base function. It’s also a contact function, which is why it is seen as somewhat of an importance to an individual, but definitely not emphasized. In the ignoring function, information is accepted even moreso on a situational basis because a person is strong in this area but neglects it over their preferred strength in the base function. Information is mostly ignored here and instead accepted by one’s suggestive function.
Producing-situational functions (2 and 6) are situational since they only produce information that has been accepted by our valued-evaluatory functions. One’s creative function produces strong and valued information that must make contact with the environment for their ego to be heard. However, new information is only produced in situations the base function can accept information. One’s mobilizing function is inert, weak and valued, so information produced here isn’t quite understood consciously but still acts as a driver for the creative function.
Understanding this function dichotomy is integral in fully realizing how types metabolize information as it forms the “information pathway” that connects our Model A together.
Bold and Cautious
¶
Bold
functions are used more freely than cautious functions, sometimes even in a way that makes a subdued function more heavily used than a valued function (e.g. role and suggestive functions). This may be considered an aspect of function strength.
For extroverts, all extroverted elements are Bold functions, and all introverted elements Cautious. Conversely, introverts have Bold introverted functions and Cautious extroverted functions. The reason for this is that a type is more comfortable with their preferred direction of energy (“-tim”), and even the weak-bold functions are used with a considerable amount of confidence (whether it is just to put on a show or is naively used). In contrast, one’s Cautious functions are used with great care - the creative function is more sensitive to criticism even though it is a strong function, for example. This especially applies to the vulnerable function, where one is especially cautious about its use.
Verbal and Nonverbal
¶
Verbal
(
discursive
) functions (or overvalued) belong to Ego and Super-Id blocks. These are functions (1, 2, 5, 6). They provide the active exchange of information between people. Information on these functions is interesting, and easily discussed. They tend to self-development.
Non-verbal
(
working
,
cooperative
) functions belong to Super-ego and Id blocks. These are functions (3, 4, 7, 8). Aspects of these functions are not negotiable, prefer to receive help through action, deeds. Activity is limited to immediate needs and demands of society.
Exterior and Interior
¶
Exterior
(constant) - Functions 1, 3, 6, 8. These are accepting functions of the mental ring and producing functions of the vital ring. Functions that contain aspects of one color - black for extroverts and white for introverts. It is characteristic for them to consider certain aspects to be part of an invariable essence of the world, and strive to leave them in the form in which they are. External changes are perceived as something inevitable but not characteristic.
Interior
(variable) - Functions 2, 4, 5, 7. These are producing functions of the mental ring and accepting functions of the vital ring. These functions tend to see in their aspects elements that should be changed in the first place. They are either actively influencing the world or passively expecting changes from it.
Blocks
¶
Blocks are pairs of functions that share certain properties.
Any two function dichotomies can intersect to create four blocks in the same way two type dichotomies can intersect and create four small groups. By far, the most common and widely used blocks are Augusta’s Ego, Super-Ego, Id and Super-Id, but the theory of dimensional functions is also relatively popular.
Augusta’s Blocks
¶
Ego Block
¶
The Ego block is a socially demonstrative, creative block that forms the core of the TIM and is usually associated with an individual’s ego - their inner “I”. This is an area of conscious competence and individualism, as well as conscious and active observation and influence on the world. A person is usually the most confident, informed, and energetically active on their Ego block functions. On this block, we rarely experience feelings of remorse, doubt, and shame; neither does this block shift responsibilities or blame onto others.
The Ego block comprises a point of accurate self-assessment and demands social recognition that is adequate to its abilities. The activities of the functions of this block are socially direced - people easily share their experience and lend help to others from their Ego block. The functions in this block rarely “get tired”, thus a person can fill in most of their free time by activities pertaining to the functions of this block. Often people pick their primary sphere of activity and occupation basing on the functions of the Ego block.
The Ego block is believed to be fully formed by the time a person reaches 24-25 years of age. Some socionists have noticed that this observation coincides with C. G. Jung’s commentary: “The first half of [a person’s] life is devoted to forming a healthy ego, the second half is going inward and letting go of it.”
Note
It should be noted that while this is the strongest block of a TIM, the accuracy and correctness of its estimates is strongly influenced by a person’s level of experience, knowledge, and intelligence. It is quite possible for the Ego block functions to make mistakes. Still, a person rarely feels deeply ashamed or inadequate on this block even if they’ve blundered, and usually recovers quickly and with ease.
The two functions of the Ego Block, the leading function and the creative one, are said to constitute the “formula of the type”. These are the most independent and confident functions. Activity of this block always carries an unfinished, open-ended nature. On this block a person says: “I know what I need the best. If some changes or improvements are needed, I will implement them without outside help.”
Super-ego Block
¶
This block is known as the block of “social control” and the block of “social conformism”. It can be likened to the “social conscience” of an individual: this block’s activity is directed primarily at fulfillment of norms and standards that other people set for the individual. Any evaluations and instructions on this block the individual seeks external to himself, from other people who surround him or her; here the individual “surrenders” himself to the direction and control of others from his social milieu, consciously admitting the weakness of own Super-ego functions. The absence of “painful irritation” on 4th vulnerable function is considered to be a sign that the individual satisfies and meets the expectations of others; each person wishes that his or her understanding of the 4th vulnerable aspect would coincide with the “public opinion”. According to interpretations of some socionics sources, this is the block through which a society controls a person.
Direct influences on Super-ego block are typically the most consciously discomforting to a person. At the same time, the person is consciously aware of his or her weaknesses in this area, and realizes that he or she must make up and react somehow. This reaction, as a rule, comes from the strong functions of their Ego block. Thus, influences on the Super-ego block make a person mobilize and consciously activate the functions of his or her Ego block for a further response.
The Super-ego block never argues; it only reasons not adding anything new but only tallying up all that is known to the individual on its aspects. This block is “omnivorous” and readily absorbs all information that pertains to its aspects, at the same time showing a subpar differentiation of information.
In some literature this block is referred to as the “teenager” block - from this block the person tries to show to others: “I’m just like you. I am one of your own.” - which is reminiscent of socialization style of people in their teenage years, when a person tries to show their belonging to a particular peer group. It is also believed that this block fully forms during adolescent years (12-18).
Super-id Block
¶
The Super-id block is sometimes called the “child” block in socionics literature, because this is the block of weak unconscious functions on which it is difficult to engage in active, conscious, purposeful activity. A person most often is a “consumer” of information on this block, readily absorbing any related information from others, and even provoking others to produce such information, which is best accomplished by their dual TIM. At the same time, a person poorly discerns information on this block, and tends to be overly trusting of the arguments and evaluations provided by others. This is especially descriptive of the suggestive function, which has been called “suggestive” because a person is too suggestible, malleable, and easily directed on this element, having weak ability to evaluate incoming information on this function.
In general, people need extensive advice and support on the aspects of their Super-id bock, which they typically receive from others who have these information aspects as part of their Ego block. To think for oneself and resolve problems independently on this block the person “hasn’t the time” and little understanding of own wishes and needs; thus a person usually gives a lot of freedom to others, including their partner, over these aspects.
Having little awareness of one’s own needs on this block, the person does not pose their own interests on this block in opposition to others; certain victimness and sacrificial behavior can be observed on this block, as well as a need for external regulation and control. If a person does not receive support and high quality positive advice on these aspects, and experiences inadequacy on own suggestive and activating functions, a feeling of “blaming others” begins to develop over this block. In this case, a person start accusing people around for not living up to his expectations, withdrawing from society, and placing all responsibility on others. (As an example: An elderly lonely ILE man was no longer able to sufficiently take care of his living quarters, where he also kept a monkey as a pet and company. As the items and trash accumulated in his flat, and he started receiving complaints from other residents of the complex, he blamed them and his neighbors for not helping him out with upkeep and maintenance of his apartment.)
Id Block
¶
Passive skills - a person is quite capable on this block, but these skills are directed at prevention of negative moments and dangerous developments rather that active and conscious self-realization. The person has little awareness of what he is capable of on this block and little interest in it. The main function of this block is watching out for potential dangers and pitfalls, satisfaction of one’s base level of needs, and ensuring one’s own survival and survival of close people. Other types of activities on this block are usually of no interest to a person and don’t bring results of high social value and merit. A person is typically unable to constantly work on the aspects of this block, since this requires placing restrictions on one’s Ego block, constant self-scrutiny and self-criticism.
The Id block is a “kinetic energy” block same as the Ego block. These are the blocks of of decisive and persistent activity that doesn’t know shame and uncertainty - unlike the blocks of Super-ego and Super-id that are “potential energy” blocks on which a person often experiences doubt and worries.
Dimensional Blocks
¶
4th dimension
3rd dimension
2nd dimension
1st dimension
Temperament Axes
¶
The temperament blocks are speculation and have not been explored by any professional socionist.
Axis 1: Base - Role
Axis 2: Creative - Vulnerable
Axis 3: Mobilizing - Demonstrative
Axis 4: Suggestive - Ignoring
Functional Axes
¶
The functional axis is theoretical and has not been explored by any professional socionist.
Axis 1: Base - Ignoring
Axis 2: Creative - Demonstrative
Axis 3: Role - Suggestive
Axis 4: Vulnerable - Mobilizing Axis
Dual Axis
¶
The dual axes is theoretical and has not been explored by any professional socionist.
Axis 1: Base - Suggestive
Axis 2: Creative - Mobilizing
Axis 3: Role - Ignoring
Axis 4: Vulnerable - Demonstrative
Vertical Blocks
¶
The vertical blocks are speculation and have not been explored by any professional socionist.
Base Vulnerable Block
Creative Role Block
Mobilizing Ignoring Block
Suggestive Demonstrative Block
Confidence Value Blocks
¶
The confidence values are speculation and have not been explored by any professional socionist.
Base - Mobilizing Block
Creative - Suggestive Block
Role - Demonstrative Block
Vulnerable - Ignoring Block
Diagram of Functional Blocks
¶
Diagram of the seven ways to block functions. Each line connecting three dichotomies is a blocking mode. Augusta’s blocks are represented by the line connecting the bottom left corner to the opposite edge of the triangle and the dimensionality blocks are the left edge of the triangle.
Summary Chart
¶
Functions of Model A
¶
Inert
Contact
Blocks
1st
Program
Strong
;
Valued
;
Inert
Verbal
;
Mental
;
Bold
Evaluatory
;
Exterior
;
Accepting
4-dimensional
2nd
Creative
Strong
;
Valued
;
Contact
Verbal
;
Mental
;
Cautious
Situational
;
Interior
;
Producing
3-dimensional
Ego block
4th
Painful
Weak
;
Subdued
;
Inert
Non-verbal
;
Mental
;
Cautious
Evaluatory
;
Interior
;
Producing
1-dimensional
3th
Role
Weak
;
Subdued
;
Contact
Non-verbal
;
Mental
;
Bold
Situational
;
Exterior
;
Accepting
2-dimensional
Super-ego block
6th
Activating
Weak
;
Valued
;
Inert
Verbal
;
Vital
;
Bold
Situational
;
Exterior
;
Producing
2-dimensional
5th
Suggestive
Weak
;
Valued
;
Contact
Verbal
;
Vital
;
Cautious
Evaluatory
;
Interior
;
Accepting
1-dimensional
Super-id block
7th
Ignoring
Strong
;
Subdued
;
Inert
Non-Verbal
;
Vital
;
Cautious
Situational
;
Interior
;
Accepting
3-dimensional
8th
Background
Strong
;
Subdued
;
Contact
Non-verbal
;
Vital
;
Bold
Evaluatory
;
Exterior
;
Producing
4-dimensional
Id block |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/jungian.html | Jungian foundation¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Jungian foundation
¶
The
Jungian foundation
(
базис Юнга
in Russian) refers to the original four dichotomies proposed by
Jung
and adapted somewhat by
Augusta
:
Extraversion / Introversion
(sometimes called ‘Extratim / Introtim’)
Sensing / Intuition
(Sensing is sometimes called ‘Sensory’)
Ethical / Logical
Rational / Irrational
(occasionally called ‘Shizotyme / Cyclotyme’ or ‘Rigid / Labile’)
One trait of each dichotomy is dominant for each type. Any combination of these traits is possible, producing 16 types (24 = 16). Two of Jung’s dichotomies – rational/irrational and extraverted/introverted – are uniform across all types. In other words, an IEE is just as extraverted (in the Jungian sense!) as an SLE. The other two dichotomies – sensing/intuitive and ethical/logical – are non-uniform. In other words, an ESE is not sensing in the same way that an SEE is, and an ILI is “more” intuitive than an LIE. |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/reinin_dich.html | Reinin dichotomies¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Reinin dichotomies
¶
Reinin dichotomies
or
Reinin traits
refer to a set of 15
type dichotomies
that divide the
socion
into symmetrical halves.
Grigoriy Reinin
(St. Petersburg,
Russia), a mathematician and psychologist and one of the earliest
socionists, mathematically proved the existence of these dichotomies,
and their approximate content was elaborated by
Aushra Augusta
. Her work,
The Theory of Reinin’s Traits
,
published in 1985, was intended to be an introduction to the 15
dichotomies - a draft of sorts - but further works have still not been
written on the subject. The usefulness of many or most Reinin
dichotomies is consistently questioned by many socionists.
The first four dichotomies correspond to the
Jungian foundation
,” or the four original Jungian
dichotomies
.
In common use the term “Reinin dichotomies” often refers to the 11
non-Jungian dichotomies.
Overview
¶
Overview of Reinin Dichotomies
¶
ILE
judicious
subjectivist
democratic
process
carefree
yielding
static
tactical
constructivist
positivist
asking
SEI
judicious
subjectivist
democratic
process
carefree
yielding
dynamic
strategic
emotivist
negativist
declaring
LII
judicious
subjectivist
democratic
result
farsighted
obstinate
static
strategic
emotivist
negativist
asking
ESE
judicious
subjectivist
democratic
result
farsighted
obstinate
dynamic
tactical
constructivist
positivist
declaring
EIE
decisive
subjectivist
aristocratic
process
carefree
obstinate
dynamic
strategic
constructivist
negativist
asking
LSI
decisive
subjectivist
aristocratic
process
carefree
obstinate
static
tactical
emotivist
positivist
declaring
IEI
decisive
subjectivist
aristocratic
result
farsighted
yielding
dynamic
tactical
emotivist
positivist
asking
SLE
decisive
subjectivist
aristocratic
result
farsighted
yielding
static
strategic
constructivist
negativist
declaring
SEE
decisive
objectivist
democratic
process
farsighted
obstinate
static
strategic
emotivist
positivist
asking
ILI
decisive
objectivist
democratic
process
farsighted
obstinate
dynamic
tactical
constructivist
negativist
declaring
ESI
decisive
objectivist
democratic
result
carefree
yielding
static
tactical
constructivist
negativist
asking
LIE
decisive
objectivist
democratic
result
carefree
yielding
dynamic
strategic
emotivist
positivist
declaring
LSE
judicious
objectivist
aristocratic
process
farsighted
yielding
dynamic
tactical
emotivist
negativist
asking
EII
judicious
objectivist
aristocratic
process
farsighted
yielding
static
strategic
constructivist
positivist
declaring
SLI
judicious
objectivist
aristocratic
result
carefree
obstinate
dynamic
strategic
constructivist
positivist
asking
IEE
judicious
objectivist
aristocratic
result
carefree
obstinate
static
tactical
emotivist
negativist
declaring
Mathematics
¶
Definition
¶
Each half of a dichotomy is called a “trait”. Any pair of traits (such
as E and P) may be combined to produce a third (static). These three
traits form an interdependent triad, meaning that when two are held
constant the third must too.
They are combined according to the relation *, defined as follows.
X*Y
=
(X
&
Y)
or
(~X
&
~Y)
where ~X denotes the opposite of trait X (~E = I, etc.)
Thus,
static
=
E*P
=
E&P
or
I&J
In most cases, the “&” is understood.
static
=
EP
or
IJ
The relation * can be seen to be associative, meaning
(X*Y)*Z
=
X*(Y*Z)
is always true.
Proof:
The relation may be restated more concisely as follows:
X*Y
=
(X
==
Y)
where == denotes
logical
equality
-
parentheses added for clarity.
We can use a truth table to show that the expressions are the same:
X
Y
Z
(X==Y)==Z
X==(Y==Z)
T
T
T
T
T
T
T
F
F
F
T
F
T
F
F
T
F
F
T
T
F
T
T
F
F
F
T
F
T
T
F
F
T
T
T
F
F
F
F
F
Another property of ==, commutativity, transfers to *:
X*Y
=
Y*X
Since * is both associative and commutative, it forms an
abelian
group over four
traits:
*
1
X
Y
Z
1
1
X
Y
Z
X
X
1
Z
Y
Y
Y
Z
1
X
Z
Z
Y
X
1
Here 1 is the identity, which represents the trait that is true of all
types. It might also be called the “nonnull” trait. Here X, Y, and Z are
all interdependent.
Complete list
¶
Given four initial independent dichotomies (that is, pairs of opposite
traits), one can form new ones dependent on the original four. Here the
“&”s may be understood, so as to simplify the generation of new
dichotomies. Remember, * is associative and commutative, so the order
doesn’t matter, and the *s can be left out. For example, E*N = N*E and
(E*N)*T = E*(N*T). This means we can just write, in order, the Jungian
dichotomies a derived dichotomy depends on. In other words, each new
dichotomy can be uniquely specified in terms of dependence on each of
the original four. (In this case, each dichotomy can be replaced by one
of its halves, the corresponding traits. For example, E/I can be
replaced with just E or just I. The lack of a unifying name for most
dichotomies makes this a convenient choice. ENTP is the preferred basis,
for historical reasons.) So, each new dichotomy is either
dependent
or
independent
of each original dichotomy. This produces 2^4 = 16
dichotomies.
The first of these, the one dependent on
no
Jungian dichotomy, is the
identity - not a dichotomy proper, as it does not split the
socion
. The remaining 15 are the type dichotomies we know
and love.
(null/nonnull)
E (extroversion/introversion)
N (intuitive/sensing)
T (logical/ethical)
P (irrational/rational)
EN (carefree/farsighted)
ET (obstinate/compliant)
EP (static/dynamic)
NT (aristocratic/democratic)
NP (tactical/strategic)
TP (constructivist/emotivist)
ENT (positivist/negativist)
ENP (reasonable/resolute)
ETP (subjectivist/objectivist)
NTP (process/result)
ENTP (questioner/declarer)
It is natural to classify these dichotomies based on how many of the
Jungian foundation they depend on. The Jungian foundation is all the
order-1 traits, and null/nonnull are the only order-0 traits.
Reinin dichotomies as combinations
¶
From the above proof, we see that the Reinin dichotomies can be thought
of as combinations of the original four.
C = n!/(k!(n-k)!)
Where k is the number of elements in the subset and n is the number of
elements in the set that is drawn from.
Here there are 4 elements in the original set (E-I, N-S, T-F and P-J).
The new sets will have between 2 to 4 parameters, so the number of
Reinin dichotomies (not including the original four) is:
4!/(2!(4-2)!) + 4!/(3!(4-3)!) + 4!/(4!(4-4)!) = 6 + 4 + 1 = 11
It’s also easy to find out the combinations on pen and paper. Simply
find all the ways you can combine four predefined letters (or any other
things) into groups of two, three and four, where the order doesn’t
matter.
Use of Reinin dichotomies
¶
Empirical aspects
¶
Above is the mathematical definition of the Reinin dichotomies. Whether
they have empirical content, on the other hand, is a completely separate
matter. Whether they are well-defined at all is one of the main
criticisms of Reinin dichotomies.
The content of several of the derived dichotomies comes naturally from
other standard parts of socionics theory. As the correspondence between
the dichotomies and
Model A
becomes more complex, so does
the dichotomy’s content become less obvious based on purely theoretical
considerations.
Some of the simpler correspondences between the functional and
dichotomous models:
Intuitive/sensing and logic/ethics determine a type’s
strengths and
weaknesses
; Introversion/extroversion coincides
with the orientation of the leading function (as well as all
contact
functions); Rationality/irrationality similarly
coincides with the “rhythm” of the accepting functions; Static/dynamic
determines the conscious (“
mental
”) elements in each types
formula; Aristocratic/democratic determines which elements are blocked
together; Reasonable/resolute and subjectivist/objectivist correspond to
quadra values
;
An interesting question is, can Reinin dichotomies be considered equal
in their significance to the original Jungian dichotomies? After all,
the derivation works in reverse too. Only speculation can provide an
answer at this point. A humorous counterexample is the dichotomies of
gender and blood type (reference). Obviously the conjunction of the two
via * is totally meaningless. That said, the fact that Reinin
dichotomies’ content can be elaborated at all is a testament to the
highly general nature of socionic type, whose component dichotomies
combine to form an integrated whole, represented mathematically as the
nonnull trait: the human being.
Comparison with Model A
¶
The central idea of socionics is that types are unbalanced entities.
This understanding is built into Model A, but not into Reinin
dichotomies. Therefore, Reinin dichotomies must be supplemented with
other theoretical apparatus in order to explain things like
relationships as fully as Model A. This could be a good thing in that
Reinin dichotomies show the theoretical possibility of isolating the
assumptions implicit in Model A and showing which are independent of
which.
A few socionists, such as Mironov and others from St. Petersburg,
consider the Reinin dichotomies to actually be information processing
mechanisms. Three such dichotomy traits combine to form an information
element. Most socionists consider the Reinin dichotomies to be divisions
whose meaning can only be understood by analyzing their effect on Model A.
Criticism
¶
It might be said that the Reinin traits should be treated dichotomously
instead of, or at least in addition to, in terms of information elements
and Model A. The fundamental difference between rational and irrational
information elements is not built into the Reinin model. Also, it has no
concept of element dominance (i.e. functional ordering). It doesn’t
necessarily render the tools used in Model A useless, but it should be
stressed that the classical traits have a purely dichotomous definition,
so they should also be explainable using only dichotomies. In fact it is
likely that any regular categorization system will also be reflected in
Model A in some more or less regular waythis observation doesn’t prove
anything however.
Possible dichotomous explanations
¶
The most natural way to discover the meaning of the dichotomies is as a
conflict or harmonizing of some sort between pairs of traits. For
example, rationals want stability, but dynamics perceive change,
creating a tendency for EJs to want to actively influence their
environment to control that change - extroversion. Likewise, irrationals
are more comfortable with fluid change, but statics see things as
staying the same - which leads them to actively create the change in
their environment (also extroversion).
An interesting area of research here would be interclub or
intertemperament relationships. We would also need to establish
descriptions for the other multiple-dichotomical categories, such as E/I
combined with S/N, and so on.
See also
¶
Dichotomy
Jungian foundation
Links
¶
Here are automatic translations of articles on the Reinin dichotomies in
Russian:
Wikipedia article on the Reinin dichotomies
Introductory article
by
Dmitriy Lytov
and Marianna Lytova on the Reinin traits
Analysis and criticism of the Reinin traits
by
Dmitriy Lytov
and Marianna Lytova
Reinin’s response to the above criticism of the dichotomies
Augusta’s
article
The Theory of Reinin’s Traits
:
part 1
-
part 2
-
part 3
-
part 4
-
part 5 |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/classic_socionics.html | Classical socionics¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Classical socionics
¶
Classical socionics
is a somewhat subjective term that includes the core concepts of socionics developed by
Aushra Augusta
and her early associates, such as the socionic concepts of
functions
,
elements
,
information
, “
Model A
,”
intertype relations
, etc. Most professional socionists agree with this foundation and base their work on it.
IM elements
¶
Extroverted intuition
Extroverted logic
Extroverted sensing
Extroverted ethics
Introverted intuition
Introverted logic
Introverted sensing
Introverted ethics
Functions
¶
Leading function
Creative function
Role function
Vulnerable function
Suggestive function
Mobilizing function
Ignoring function
Demostrative function
Socion
¶
ILE
SEI
ESE
LII
EIE
LSI
SLE
IEI
SEE
ILI
LIE
ESI
LSE
EII
IEE
SLI
Type
dichotomies
¶
Rationality and irrationality
Extraversion and introversion
Sensing and intuition
Ethics and logic
Static and dynamic
Process and result
Positivist and negativist
Asking and declaring
Constructivist and emotivist
Carefree and farsighted
Yielding and obstinate
Tactical and strategic
Merry and serious
Judicious and decisive
Asking and declaring
intertype relations
¶
Identity
Duality
Activation
Mirror
Kindred
Semi-duality
Business
Illusionary
Super-ego relations
Relations of extinguishment
Quasi-identity
Conflict
Benefit
Supervision
Small Groups
¶
Quadras
Alpha
Beta
Gamma
Delta
Clubs
Researchers
Socials
Pragmatists
Humanitarians
Temperaments
EP
EJ
IP
IJ
Communication Styles
Business-like
Passionate
Cold-blooded
Sincere
Romance Styles
Aggressor
Victim
Caring
Childlike |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/psychological_types.html | Psychological Types¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Psychological Types
¶
Psychological Types
by C. G. Jung (1921) - Translation by H. Godwyn Baynes (1923)
Chapter X: General Description of the Types
Introduction
¶
In the following pages I shall attempt a general description of the types, and my first concern must be with the two general types I have termed introverted and extraverted. But, in addition, I shall also try to give a certain characterization of those special types whose particularity is due to the fact that his most differentiated function plays the principal role in an individual’s adaptation or orientation to life. The former I would term general attitude types, since they are distinguished by the direction of general interest or libido movement, while the latter I would call function-types.
The general-attitude types, as I have pointed out more than once, are differentiated by their particular attitude to the object. The introvert’s attitude to the object is an abstracting one; at bottom, he is always facing the problem of how libido can be withdrawn from the object, as though an attempted ascendancy on. the part of the object had to be continually frustrated. The extravert, on the contrary, maintains a positive relation to the object. To such an extent does he affirm its importance that his subjective attitude is continually being orientated by, and related to the object. An fond, the object can never have sufficient value; for him, therefore, its importance must always be paramount.
The two types are so essentially different, presenting so striking a contrast, that their existence, even to the uninitiated in psychological matters becomes an obvious fact, when once attention has been drawn to it. Who does not know those taciturn, impenetrable, often shy natures, who form such a vivid contrast to these other open, sociable, serene maybe, or at least friendly and accessible characters, who are on good terms with all the world, or, even when disagreeing with it, still hold a relation to it by which they and it are mutually affected.
Naturally, at first, one is inclined to regard such differences as mere individual idiosyncrasies. But anyone with the opportunity of gaining a fundamental knowledge of many men will soon discover that such a far-reaching contrast does not merely concern the individual case, but is a question of typical attitudes, with a universality far greater than a limited psychological experience would at first assume. In reality, as the preceding chapters will have shown, it is a question of a fundamental opposition; at times clear and at times obscure, but always emerging whenever we are dealing with individuals whose personality is in any way pronounced. Such men are found not only among the educated classes, but in every rank of society; with equal distinctness, therefore, our types can be demonstrated among labourers and peasants as among the most differentiated members of a nation. Furthermore, these types override the distinctions of sex, since one finds the same contrasts amongst women of all classes. Such a universal distribution could hardly arise at the instigation of consciousness, ie. as the result of a conscious and deliberate choice of attitude. If this were the case, a definite level of society, linked together by a similar education and environment and, therefore, correspondingly localized, would surely have a majority representation of such an attitude. But the actual facts are just the reverse, for the types have, apparently, quite a random distribution. In the same family one child is introverted, and another extraverted.
Since, in the light of these facts, the attitude-type regarded as a general phenomenon having an apparent random distribution, can be no affair of conscious judgment or intention, its existence must be due to some unconscious instinctive cause. The contrast of types, therefore, as a, universal psychological. phenomenon, must in some way or other have its biological precursor.
The relation between subject and object, considered biologically, is always a relation of adaptation, since every relation between subject and object presupposes mutually modifying effects from either side. These modifications constitute the adaptation. The typical attitudes to the object, therefore, are adaptation processes. Nature knows two fundamentally different ways of adaptation, which determine the further existence of the living organism the one is by increased fertility, accompanied by a relatively small degree of defensive power and individual conservation; the other is by individual equipment of manifold means of self-protection, coupled with a relatively insignificant fertility. This biological contrast seems not merely to be the analogue, but also the general foundation of our two psychological modes of adaptation, At this point a mere general indication must suffice; on the one hand, I need only point to the peculiarity of the extravert, which constantly urges him to spend and propagate himself in every way, and, on the other, to the tendency of the introvert to defend himself against external claims, to conserve himself from any expenditure of energy directly related to the object, thus consolidating for himself the most secure and impregnable position.
Blake’s intuition did not err when he described the two forms as the “prolific” and the “devouring” [1] As is shown by the general biological example, both forms are current and successful after their kind ; this is equally true of the typical attitudes. What the one brings about by a multiplicity of relations, the other gains by monopoly.
The fact that often in their earliest years children display an unmistakable typical attitude forces us to assume that it cannot possibly be the struggle for existence, as it is generally understood, which constitutes the compelling factor in favour of a definite attitude. We might, however, demur, and indeed with cogency, that even the tiny infant, the very babe at the breast, has already an unconscious psychological adaptation to perform, inasmuch as the special character of the maternal influence leads to specific reactions in the child. This argument, though appealing to incontestable facts, has none the less to yield before the equally unarguable fact that two children of the same mother may at a very early age exhibit opposite types, without the smallest accompanying change in the attitude of the mother. Although nothing would induce me to underestimate the well-nigh incalculable importance of parental influence, this experience compels me to conclude that the decisive factor must be looked for in the disposition of the child. The fact that, in spite of the greatest possible similarity of external conditions, one child will assume this type while another that, must, of course, in the last resort he ascribed to individual disposition. Naturally in saying this I only refer to those cases which occur under normal conditions. Under abnormal conditions, i.e. when there is an extreme and, therefore, abnormal attitude in the mother, the children can also be coerced into a relatively similar attitude; but this entails a violation of their individual disposition, which quite possibly would have assumed another type if no abnormal and disturbing external influence had intervened. As a rule, whenever such a falsification of type takes place as a result of external influence, the individual becomes neurotic later, and a cur can successfully be sought only in a development of that attitude which corresponds with the individual’s natural way.
As regards the particular disposition, I know not what to say, except that there are clearly individuals who have either a greater readiness and capacity for one way, or for whom it is more congenial to adapt to that way rather than the other. In the last analysis it may well be that physiological causes, inaccessible to our knowledge, play a part in this. That this may be the case seems to me not improbable, in view of one’s experience that a reversal of type often proves exceedingly harmful to the physiological well-being of the organism, often provoking an acute state of exhaustion.
The Extraverted Type
¶
In our descriptions of this and the following type it will be necessary, in the interest of lucid and comprehensive presentation, to discriminate between the conscious and unconscious psychology. Let us first lend our minds to a description of the phenomena of consciousness.
The General Attitude of Consciousness
¶
Everyone is, admittedly, orientated by the data with which the outer world provides him ; yet we see that this may be the case in a way that is only relatively decisive. Because it is cold out of doors, one man is persuaded to wear his overcoat, another from a desire to become hardened finds this unnecessary; one man admires the new tenor because all the world admires him, another withholds his approbation not because he dislikes him but because in his view the subject of general admiration is not thereby proved to be admirable; one submits to a given state of affairs because his experience argues nothing else to be possible, another is convinced that, although it has repeated itself a thousand times in the same way, the thousand and first will be different. The former is orientated by the objective data; the latter reserves a view, which is, as it were, interposed between himself and the objective fact. Now, when the orientation to the object and to objective facts is so predominant that the most frequent and essential decisions and actions are determined, not by subjective values but by objective relations, one speaks of an extraverted attitude. When this is habitual, one speaks of an extraverted type. If a man so thinks, feels, and acts, in a word so lives, as to correspond directly with objective conditions and their claims, whether in a good sense or ill, he is extraverted. His life makes it perfectly clear that it is the objective rather than the subjective value which plays the greater role as the determining factor of his consciousness. He naturally has subjective values, but their determining power has less importance than the external objective conditions. Never, therefore, does he expect to find any absolute factors in his own inner life, since the only ones he knows are outside himself. Epimetheus-like, his inner life succumbs to the external necessity, not of course without a struggle; which, however, always ends in favour of the objective determinant. His entire consciousness looks outwards to the world, because the important and decisive determination always comes to him from without. But it comes to him from without, only because that is where he expects it. All the distinguishing characteristics of his psychology, in so far as they do not arise from the priority of one definite psychological function or from individual peculiarities, have their origin in this basic attitude. Interest and attention follow objective happenings and, primarily, those of the immediate environment. Not only persons, but things, seize and rivet his interest. His actions, therefore, are also governed by the influence of persons and things. They are directly related to objective data and determinations, and are, as it were, exhaustively explainable on these grounds. Extraverted action is recognizably related to objective conditions. In so far it is not purely reactive to environmental stimuli, it character is constantly applicable to the actual circumstances, and it finds adequate and appropriate play within the limits of the objective situation. It has no serious tendency to transcend these bounds. The same holdsgood for interest: objective occurrences have a well-nigh inexhaustible charm, so that in the normal course the extravert’s interest makes no other claims.
The moral laws which govern his action coincide with the corresponding claims of society, i.e. with the generally valid moral viewpoint. If the generally valid view were different, the subjective moral guiding line would also be different, without the general psychological habitus being in any way changed. It might almost seem, although it, is by no means the case, that this rigid determination by objective factors would involve an altogether ideal and complete adaptation to general conditions of life. An accommodation to objective data, such as we have described, must, of course, seem a complete adaptation to the extraverted view, since from this standpoint no other criterion exists. But from a higher point of view, it is by no means granted that the standpoint of objectively given, facts is the normal one under all circumstances. Objective conditions may be either temporarily or locally abnormal. An individual who is accommodated to such con certainly conforms to the abnormal style of his surroundings, but, in relation to the universally valid laws of life. He is, in common with his milieu, in an abnormal position. The individual may, however, thrive in such surroundings but only to the point when he, together with his whole milieu, is destroyed for transgressing the universal laws of life. He must inevitably participate in this downfall with the same completeness as he was previously adjusted to the objectively valid situation. He is adjusted, but not adapted, since adaptation demands more than a mere frictionless participation in the momentary conditions of the immediate environment. (Once more I would point to Spitteler’s Epimetheus). Adaptation demands an observance of laws far more universal in their application than purely local and temporary conditions. Mere adjustment is the limitation of the normal extraverted type. On the one hand, the extravert owes his normality to his ability to fit into existing conditions with relative ease. He naturally pretends to nothing more than the satisfaction of existing objective possibilities, applying himself, for instance, to the calling which offers sound prospective possibilities in the actual situation in time and place. He tries to do or to make just what his milieu momentarily needs and expects from him, and abstains from every innovation that is not entirely obvious, or that in any way exceeds the expectation of those around him. But on the other hand, his normality must also depend essentially upon whether the extravert takes into account the actuality of his subjective needs and requirements; and this is just his weak point, for the tendency of his type has such a strong outward direction that even the most obvious of all subjective facts, namely the condition of his own body, may quite easily receive inadequate consideration. The body is not sufficiently objective or ‘external,’ so that the satisfaction of simple elementary requirements which are indispensable to physical well-being are no longer given their place. The body accordingly suffers, to say nothing of the soul. Although, as a rule, the extravert takes small note of this latter circumstance, his intimate domestic circle perceives it all the more keenly. His loss of equilibrium is perceived by himself only when abnormal bodily sensations make themselves felt.
These tangible facts he cannot ignore. It is natural he should regard them as concrete and ‘objective’, since for his mentality there exists only this and nothing more—in himself. In others he at once sees “imagination” at work. A too extraverted attitude may actually become so regardless of the subject that the latter is entirely sacrificed to so-called objective claims; to the demands, for instance, of a continually extending business, because orders lie claiming one’s attention or because profitable possibilities are constantly being opened up which must instantly be seized.
This is the extravert’s danger; he becomes caught up in objects, wholly losing himself in their toils. The functional (nervous) or actual physical disorders which result from this state have a compensatory significance, forcing the subject to an involuntary self-restriction. Should the symptoms be functional, their peculiar formation may symbolically express the psychological situation; a singer, for instance, whose fame quickly reaches a dangerous pitch tempting him to a disproportionate outlay of energy, is suddenly robbed of his high tones by a nervous inhibition. A man of very modest beginnings rapidly reaches a social position of great influence and wide prospects, when suddenly he is overtaken by a psychogenic state, with all the symptoms of mountain-sickness. Again, a man on the point of marrying an idolized woman of doubtful character, whose value he extravagantly overestimates, is seized with a spasm of the oesophagus, which forces him to a regimen of two cups of milk in the day, demanding his three-hourly attention. All visits to his fianceé are thus effectually stopped, and no choice is left to him but to busy himself with his bodily nourishment. A man who through his own energy and enterprise has built up a vast business, entailing an intolerable burden of work, is afflicted by nervous attacks of thirst, as a result of which he speedily falls a victim to hysterical alcoholism.
Hysteria is, in my view, by far the most frequent neurosis with the extraverted type. The classical example of hysteria is always characterized by an exaggerated rapport with the members of his circle, and a frankly imitatory accommodation to surrounding conditions. A constant tendency to appeal for interest and to produce impressions upon his milieu is a basic trait of the hysterical nature. A correlate to this is his proverbial suggestibility, his pliability to another person’s influence. Unmistakable extraversion comes out in the communicativeness of the hysteric, which occasionally leads to the divulging of purely phantastic contents; whence arises the reproach of the hysterical lie.
To begin with, the ‘hysterical’ character is an exaggeration of the normal attitude; it is then complicated by compensatory reactions from the side of the unconscious, which manifests its opposition to the extravagant extraversion in the form of physical disorders, whereupon an introversion of psychic energy becomes unavoidable. Through this reaction of the unconscious, another category of symptoms arises which have a more introverted character. A morbid intensification of phantasy activity belongs primarily to this category. From this general characterization of the extraverted attitude, let us now turn to a description of the modifications, which the basic psychological functions undergo as a result of this attitude.
The Attitude of the Unconscious
¶
It may perhaps seem odd that I should speak of attitude of the ‘unconscious’. As I have already sufficiently indicated, I regard the relation of the unconscious to the conscious as compensatory. The unconscious, according to this view, has as good a claim to an I attitude’ as the conscious.
In the foregoing section I emphasized the tendency to a certain one-sidedness in the extraverted attitude, due to the controlling power of the objective factor in the course, of psychic events. The extraverted type is constantly tempted to give himself away (apparently) in favour of the object, and to assimilate his subject to the object. I have referred in detail to the ultimate consequences of this exaggeration of the extraverted attitude, viz. to the injurious suppression of the subjective factor. It is only, to be expected, therefore, that a psychic compensation of the conscious extraverted attitude will lay especial weight upon the subjective factor, i.e. we shall have to prove a strong egocentric tendency in the unconscious. Practical experience actually furnishes this proof. I do not wish to enter into a casuistical survey at this point, so must refer my readers to the ensuing sections, where I shall attempt to present the characteristic attitude of the unconscious from the angle of each function-type, In this section we are merely concerned with the compensation of a general extraverted attitude; I shall, therefore, confine myself to an equally general characterization of the compensating attitude of the unconscious.
The attitude of the unconscious as an effective complement to the conscious extraverted attitude has a definitely introverting character. It focusses libido upon the subjective factor, i.e. all those needs and claims which are stifled or repressed by a too extraverted conscious attitude. It may be readily gathered from what has been said in the previous section that a purely objective orientation does violence to a multitude of subjective emotions, intentions, needs, and desires, since it robs them of the energy which is their natural right. Man is not a machine that one can reconstruct, as occasion demands, upon other lines and for quite other ends, in the hope that it will then proceed to function, in a totally different way, just as normally as before. Man bears his age-long history with him in his very structure is written the history of mankind.
The historical factor represents a vital need, to which a wise economy must respond. Somehow the past must become vocal, and participate in the present. Complete assimilation to the object, therefore, encounters the protest of the suppressed minority, elements belonging to the past and existing from the beginning. From this quite general consideration it may be understood why it is that the unconscious claims of the extraverted type have an essentially primitive, infantile, and egoistical character. When Freud says that the unconscious is “only able to wish”, this observation contains a large measure of truth for the unconscious of the extraverted type. Adjustment and assimilation to objective data prevent inadequate subjective impulses from reaching consciousness. These tendencies (thoughts, wishes, affects, needs, feelings, etc.) take on a regressive character corresponding with the degree of their repression, ie. the less they are recognized, the more infantile and archaic they become. The conscious attitude robs them of their relatively disposable energycharge, only leaving them the energy of which it cannot deprive them. This remainder, which still possesses a potency not to be underestimated, can be described only as primeval instinct. Instinct can never be rooted out from an individual by any arbitrary measures; it requires the slow, organic transformation of many generations to effect a radical change, for instinct is the energic [sic] expression of a definite organic foundation.
Thus with every repressed tendency a considerable sum of energy ultimately remains. This sum corresponds with the potency of the instinct and guards its effectiveness, notwithstanding the deprivation of energy which made it unconscious. The measure of extraversion in the conscious attitude entails a like degree of infantilism and archaism in the attitude of the unconscious. The egoism which so often characterizes the extravert’s unconscious attitude goes far beyond mere childish selfishness; it even verges upon the wicked and brutal. It is here we find in fullest bloom that incest-wish described by Freud. It is self-evident that these things are entirely unconscious, remaining altogether hidden from the eyes of the uninitiated observer so long as the extraversion of the conscious attitude does not reach an extreme stage. But wherever an exaggeration of the conscious standpoint takes place, the unconscious also comes to light in a symptomatic form, i.e. the unconscious egoism, infantilism, and archaism lose their original compensatory characters, and appear in more or less open opposition to the conscious attitude. This process begins in the form of an absurd exaggeration of the conscious standpoint, which is aimed at a further repression of the unconscious, but usually ends in a reductio ad absurdum of the conscious attitude, i.e. a collapse. The catastrophe may be an objective one, since the objective aims gradually become falsified by the subjective. I remember the case of a printer who, starting as a mere employé, worked his way up through two decades of hard struggle, till at last he was the independent possessor of a very extensive business. The more the business extended, the more it increased its hold upon him, until gradually every other interest was allowed to become merged in it. At length he was completely enmeshed in its toils, and, as we shall soon see, this surrender eventually proved his ruin. As a sort of compensation to his exclusive interest in the business, certain memories of his childhood came to life. As a child he had taken great delight in painting and drawing. But, instead of renewing this capacity for its own sake as a balancing side-interest, he canalized it into his business and began to conceive ‘artistic’ elaborations of his products. His phantasies unfortunately materialized: he actually began to produce after his own primitive and infantile taste, with the result that after a very few years his business went to pieces. He acted in obedience to one of our ‘civilized ideals’, which enjoins the energetic man to concentrate everything upon the one end in view. But he went too far, and merely fell a victim to the power of his subjective infantile claims.
But the catastrophic solution may also be subjective, i.e. in the form of a nervous collapse. Such a solution always comes about as a result of the unconscious counterinfluence, which can ultimately paralyse conscious action. In which case the claims of the unconscious force themselves categorically upon consciousness, thus creating a calamitous cleavage which generally reveals itself in two ways: either the subject no longer knows what he really wants and nothing any longer interests him, or he wants too much at once and has too keen an interest—but in impossible things. The suppression of infantile and primitive claims, which is often necessary on “civilized” grounds, easily leads to neurosis, or to the misuse of narcotics such as alcohol, morphine, cocaine, etc. In more extreme cases the cleavage ends in suicide.
It is a salient peculiarity of unconscious tendencies that, just in so far as they are deprived of their energy by a lack of conscious recognition, they assume a correspondingly destructive character, and as soon as this happen their compensatory function ceases. They cease to have a compensatory effect as soon as they reach a depth or stratum that corresponds with a level of culture absolutely incompatible with our own. From this moment the unconscious tendencies form a block, which is opposed to the conscious attitude in every respect ; such a bloc inevitably leads to open conflict.
In a general way, the compensating attitude of the unconscious finds expression in the process of psychic equilibrium. A normal extraverted attitude does not, of course, mean that the individual behaves invariably in accordance with the extraverted schema. Even in the same individual many psychological happenings may be observed, in which the mechanism of introversion is concerned. A habitus can be called extraverted only when the mechanism of extraversion predominates. In such a case the most highly differentiated function has a constantly extraverted application, while the inferior functions are found in the service of introversion, i.e. the more valued function, because the more conscious, is more completely subordinated to conscious control and purpose, whilst the less conscious, in other words, the partly unconscious inferior functions are subjected to conscious free choice in a much smaller degree.
The superior function is always the expression of the conscious personality, its aim, its will, and its achievement, whilst the inferior functions belong to the things that happen to one. Not that they merely beget blunders, e.g. lapsus linguae or lapsus calami, but they may also breed half or three-quarter resolves, since the inferior functions also possess a slight degree of consciousness. The extraverted feeling type is a classical example of this, for he enjoys an excellent feeling rapport with his entourage, yet occasionally opinions of an incomparable tactlessness will just happen to him. These opinions have their source in his inferior and subconscious thinking, which is only partly subject to control and is insufficiently related to the object ; to a large extent, therefore, it can operate without consideration or responsibility.
In the extraverted attitude the inferior functions always reveal a highly subjective determination with pronounced egocentricity and personal bias, thus demonstrating their close connection with the unconscious. Through their agency the unconscious is continually coming to light. On no account should we imagine that the unconscious lies permanently buried under so many overlying strata that it can only be uncovered, so to speak, by a laborious process of excavation. On the contrary, there is a constant influx of the unconscious into the conscious psychological process; at times this reaches such a pitch that the observer can decide only with difficulty which character-traits are to be ascribed to the conscious, and which to the unconscious personality. This difficulty occurs mainly with persons whose habit of expression errs rather on the side of profuseness. Naturally it depends very largely also upon the attitude of the observer, whether he lays hold of the conscious or the unconscious character of a personality. Speaking generally a judging observer will tend to seize the conscious character, while a perceptive observer will be influenced more by the unconscious character, since judgement is chiefly interested in the conscious motivation of the psychic process, while perception tends to register the mere happening. But in so far as we apply perception and judgment in equal measure, it may easily happen that a personality appears to us as both introverted and extraverted, so that we cannot at once decide to which attitude the superior function belongs. In such cases only a thorough analysis of the function qualities can help us to a sound opinion. During the analysis we must observe which function is placed under the control and motivation of consciousness, and which functions have an accidental and spontaneous character. The former is always more highly differentiated than the latter, which also possess many infantile and primitive qualities. Occasionally the former function gives the impression of normality, while the latter have something abnormal or pathological about them.
The Peculiarities of the Basic Psychological Functions in the Extraverted Attitude
¶
Thinking
¶
As a result of the general attitude of extraversion, thinking is orientated by the object and objective data. This orientation of thinking produces a noticeable peculiarity.
Thinking in general is fed from two sources, firstly from subjective and in the last resort unconscious roots, and secondly from objective data transmitted through sense perceptions.
Extraverted thinking is conditioned in a larger measure by these latter factors than by the former. judgment always presupposes a criterion ; for the extraverted judgment, the valid and determining criterion is the standard taken from objective conditions, no matter whether this be directly represented by an objectively perceptible fact, or expressed in an objective idea ; for an objective idea, even when subjectively sanctioned, is equally external and objective in origin. Extraverted thinking, therefore, need not necessarily be a merely concretistic thinking it may equally well be a purely ideal thinking, if, for instance, it can be shown that the ideas with which it is engaged are to a great extent borrowed from without, i.e. are transmitted by tradition and education. The criterion of judgment, therefore, as to whether or no a thinking is extraverted, hangs directly upon the question: by which standard is its judgment governed—is it furnished from without, or is its origin subjective? A further criterion is afforded by the direction of the thinker’s conclusion, namely, whether or no the thinking has a preferential direction outwards. It is no proof of its extraverted nature that it is preoccupied with concrete objects, since I may be engaging my thoughts with a concrete object, either because I am abstracting my thought from it or because I am concretizing my thought with it. Even if I engage my thinking with concrete things, and to that extent could be described as extraverted, it yet remains both questionable and characteristic as regards the direction my thinking will take; namely, whether in its further course it leads back again to objective data, external facts, and generally accepted ideas, or not. So far as the practical thinking of the merchant, the engineer, or the natural science pioneer is concerned, the objective direction is at once manifest. But in the case of a philosopher it is open to doubt, whenever the course of his thinking is directed towards ideas. In such a case, before deciding, we must further enquire whether these ideas are mere abstractions from objective experience, in which case they would merely represent higher collective concepts, comprising a sum of objective facts ; or whether (if they are clearly not abstractions from immediate experience) they may not be derived from tradition or borrowed from the intellectual atmosphere of the time. In the latter event, such ideas must also belong to the category of objective data, in which case this thinking should also be called extraverted.
Although I do not propose to present the nature of introverted thinking at this point, reserving it for a later section, it is, however, essential that I should make a few statements about it before going further. For if one considers strictly what I have just said concerning extraverted thinking, one might easily conclude that such a statement includes everything that is generally understood as thinking. It might indeed be argued that a thinking whose aim is concerned neither with objective facts nor with general ideas scarcely merits the name ‘thinking’. I am fully aware of the fact that the thought of our age, in common with its most eminent representatives, knows and acknowledges only the extraverted type of thinking. This is partly due to the fact that all thinking which attains visible form upon the world’s surface, whether as science, philosophy, or even art, either proceeds direct from objects or flows into general ideas. On either ground, although not always completely evident it at least appears essentially intelligible, and therefore relatively valid. In this sense it might be said that the extraverted intellect, i.e. the mind that is orientated by objective data, is actually the only one recognized.
There is also, however—and now I come to the question of the introverted intellect—an entirely different kind of thinking, to which the term I “thinking” can hardly be denied: it is a kind that is neither orientated by the immediate objective experience nor is it concerned with general and objectively derived ideas. I reach this other kind of thinking in the following way. When my thoughts are engaged with a concrete object or general idea in such a way that the course of my thinking eventually leads me back again to my object, this intellectual process is not the only psychic proceeding taking place in me at the moment. I will disregard all those possible sensations and feelings which become noticeable as a more or less disturbing accompaniment to my train of thought, merely emphasizing the fact that this very thinking process which proceeds from objective data and strives again towards the object stands also in a constant relation to the subject. This relation is a condition sine qua non, without which no thinking process whatsoever could take place. Even though my thinking process is directed, as far as possible, towards objective data, nevertheless it is my subjective process, and it can neither escape the subjective admixture nor yet dispense with it. Although I try my utmost to give a completely objective direction to my train of thought, even then I cannot exclude the parallel subjective process with its all-embracing participation, without extinguishing the very spark of life from my thought. This parallel subjective process has a natural tendency, only relatively avoidable, to subjectify objective facts, i.e. to assimilate them to the subject.
Whenever the chief value is given to the subjective process, that other kind of thinking arises which stands opposed to extraverted thinking, namely, that purely subjective orientation of thought which I have termed introverted. A thinking arises from this other orientation that is neither determined by objective facts nor directed towards objective data—a thinking, therefore, that proceeds from subjective data and is directed towards subjective ideas or facts of a subjective character. I do not wish to enter more fully into this kind of thinking here; I have merely established its existence for the purpose of giving a necessary complement to the extraverted thinking process, whose nature is thus brought to a clearer focus.
When the objective orientation receives a certain predominance, the thinking is extraverted. This circumstance changes nothing as regards the logic of thought—it merely determines that difference between thinkers which James regards as a matter of temperament. The orientation towards the object, as already explained, makes no essential change in the thinking function; only its appearance is altered. Since it is governed by objective data, it has the appearance of being captivated by the object, as though without the external orientation it simply could not exist. Almost it seems as though it were a sequence of external facts, or as though it could reach its highest point only when chiming in with some generally valid idea. It seems constantly to be affected by objective data, drawing only those conclusions which substantially agree with these. Thus it gives one the impression of a certain lack of freedom, of occasional short-sightedness, in spite of every kind of adroitness within the objectively circumscribed area. What I am now describing is merely the impression this sort of thinking makes upon the observer, who must himself already have a different standpoint, or it would be quite impossible for him to observe the phenomenon of extraverted thinking. As a result of his different standpoint he merely sees its aspect, not its nature; whereas the man who himself possesses this type of thinking is able to seize its nature, while its aspect escapes him. judgment made upon appearance only cannot be fair to the essence of the thing—hence the result is depreciatory. But essentially this thinking is no less fruitful and creative than introverted thinking, only its powers are in the service of other ends. This difference is perceived most clearly when extraverted thinking is engaged upon material, which is specifically an object of the subjectively orientated thinking. This happens, for instance, when a subjective conviction is interpreted analytically from objective facts or is regarded as a product or derivative of objective ideas. But, for our ‘scientifically’ orientated consciousness, the difference between the two modes of thinking becomes still more obvious when the subjectively orientated thinking makes an attempt to bring objective data into connections not objectively given, i.e. to subordinate them to a subjective idea. Either senses the other as an encroachment, and hence a sort of shadow effect is produced, wherein either type reveals to the other its least favourable aspect, The subjectively orientated thinking then appears quite arbitrary, while the extraverted thinking seems to have an incommensurability that is altogether dull and banal. Thus the two standpoints are incessantly at war.
Such a conflict, we might think, could be easily adjusted if only we clearly discriminated objects of a subjective from those of an objective nature. Unfortunately, however, such a discrimination is a matter of impossibility, although not a few have attempted it. Even if such a separation were possible, it would be a very disastrous proceeding, since in themselves both orientations are one-sided, with a definitely restricted validity; hence they both require this mutual correction. Thought is at once sterilized, whenever thinking is brought, to any great extent, under the influence of objective data, since it becomes degraded into a mere appendage of objective facts; in which case, it is no longer able to free itself from objective data for the purpose of establishing an abstract idea. The process of thought is reduced to mere ‘reflection’, not in the sense of ‘meditation’, but in the sense of a mere imitation that makes no essential affirmation beyond what was already visibly and immediately present in the objective data. Such a thinking-process leads naturally and directly back to the objective fact, but never beyond it ; not once, therefore, can it lead to the coupling of experience with an objective idea. And, vice versa, when this thinking has an objective idea for its object, it is quite unable to grasp the practical individual experience, but persists in a more or less tautological position. The materialistic mentality presents a magnificent example of this.
When, as the result of a reinforced objective determination, extraverted thinking is subordinated to objective data, it entirely loses itself, on the one hand, in the individual experience, and proceeds to amass an accumulation of undigested empirical material. The oppressive mass of more or less disconnected individual experiences produces a state of intellectual dissociation, which, on the other hand, usually demands a psychological compensation. This must consist in an idea, just as simple as it is universal, which shall give coherence to the heaped-up but intrinsically disconnected whole, or at least it should provide an inkling of such a connection. Such ideas as “matter” or “energy” are suitable for this purpose. But, whenever thinking primarily depends not so much upon external facts as upon an accepted or secondhand idea, the very poverty of the idea provokes a compensation in the form of a still more impressive accumulation of facts, which assume a one-sided grouping in keeping with the relatively restricted and sterile point of view; whereupon many valuable and sensible aspects of things automatically go by the board. The vertiginous abundance of the socalled scientific literature of today owes a deplorably high percentage of its existence to this misorientation.
The Extraverted Thinking Type
¶
It is a fact of experience that all the basic psychological functions seldom or never have the same strength or grade of development in one and the same individual. As a rule, one or other function predominates, in both strength and development. When supremacy among the psychological functions is given to thinking, i.e. when the life of an individual is mainly ruled by reflective thinking so that every important action proceeds from intellectually considered motives, or when there is at least a tendency to conform to such motives, we may fairly call this a thinking type. Such a type can be either introverted or extraverted. We will first discuss the extraverted thinking type.
In accordance with his definition, we must picture a, man whose constant aim—in so far, of course, as he is a pure type—is to bring his total life-activities into relation with intellectual conclusions, which in the last resort are always orientated by objective data, whether objective facts or generally valid ideas. This type of man gives the deciding voice—not merely for himself alone but also on behalf of his entourage—either to the actual objective reality or to its objectively orientated, intellectual formula. By this formula are good and evil measured, and beauty and ugliness determined. All is right that corresponds with this formula; all is wrong that contradicts it; and everything that is neutral to it is purely accidental. Because this formula seems to correspond with the meaning of the world, it also becomes a world-law whose realization must be achieved at all times and seasons, both individually and collectively. Just as the extraverted thinking type subordinates himself to his formula, so, for its own good, must his entourage also obey it, since the man who refuses to obey is wrong—he is resisting the world-law, and is, therefore, unreasonable, immoral, and without a conscience. His moral code forbids him to tolerate exceptions; his ideal must, under all circumstances, be realized; for in his eyes it is the purest conceivable formulation of objective reality, and, therefore, must also be generally valid truth, quite indispensable for the salvation of man. This is not from any great love for his neighbour, but from a higher standpoint of justice and truth. Everything in his own nature that appears to invalidate this formula is mere imperfection, an accidental misfire, something to be eliminated on the next occasion, or, in the event of further failure, then clearly a sickness.
If tolerance for the sick, the suffering, or the deranged should chance to be an ingredient in the formula, special provisions will be devised for humane societies, hospitals, prisons, colonies, etc., or at least extensive plans for such projects. For the actual execution of these schemes the motives of justice and truth do not, as a rule, suffice; still devolve upon real Christian charity, which I to do with feeling than with any intellectual ‘One really should’ or I one must’ figure largely in this programme. If the formula is wide enough, it may play a very useful rôle in social life, with a reformer or a ventilator of public wrongs or a purifier of the public conscience, or as the propagator of important innovations. But the more rigid the formula, the more, does he develop into a grumbler, a crafty reasoner, and a self-righteous critic, who would like to impress both himself and others into one schema.
We have now outlined two extreme figures, between which terminals the majority of these types may be graduated.
In accordance with the nature of the extraverted attitude, the influence and activities of such personalities are all the more favourable and beneficent, the further one goes from the centre. Their best aspect is to be found at the periphery of their sphere of influence. The further we penetrate into their own province, the more do the unfavourable results of their tyranny impress us. Another life still pulses at the periphery, where the truth of the formula can be sensed as an estimable adjunct to the rest. But the further we probe into the special sphere where the formula operates, the more do we find life ebbing away from all that fails to coincide with its dictates. Usually it is the nearest relatives who have to taste the most disagreeable results of an extraverted formula, since they are the first to be unmercifully blessed with it. But above all the subject himself is the one who suffers most—which brings us to the other side of the psychology of this type.
The fact that an intellectual formula never has been and never will be discovered which could embrace the abundant possibilities of life in a fitting expression must lead—where such a formula is accepted—to an inhibition, or total exclusion, of other highly important forms and activities of life. In the first place, all those vital forms dependent upon feeling will become repressed in such a type, as, for instance, aesthetic activities, taste, artistic sense, the art of friendship, etc. Irrational forms, such as religious experiences, passions and the like, are often obliterated even to the point of complete unconsciousness. These, conditionally quite important, forms of life have to support an existence that is largely unconscious. Doubtless there are exceptional men who are able to sacrifice their entire life to one definite formula; but for most of us a permanent life of such exclusiveness is impossible. Sooner or later—in accordance with outer circumstances and inner gifts—the forms of life repressed by the intellectual attitude become indirectly perceptible, through a gradual disturbance of the conscious conduct of life. Whenever disturbances of this kind reach a definite intensity, one speaks of a neurosis. In most cases, however, it does not go so far, because the individual instinctively allows himself some preventive extenuations of his formula, worded, of course, in a suitable and reasonable way. In this way a safety-valve is created.
The relative or total unconsciousness of such tendencies or functions as are excluded from any participation in the conscious attitude keeps them in a relatively undeveloped state. As compared with the conscious function they are inferior. To the extent that they are unconscious, they become merged with the remaining contents of the unconscious, from which they acquire a bizarre character. To the extent that they are conscious, they only play a secondary rôle, although one of considerable importance for the whole psychological picture.
Since feelings are the first to oppose and contradict the rigid intellectual formula, they are affected first this conscious inhibition, and upon them the most intense repression falls. No function can be entirely eliminated—it can only be greatly distorted. In so far as feelings allow themselves to be arbitrarily shaped and subordinated, they have to support the intellectual conscious attitude and adapt themselves to its aims. Only to a certain degree, however, is this possible; a part of the feeling remains insubordinate, and therefore must be repressed. Should the repression succeed, it disappears from consciousness and proceeds to unfold a subconscious activity, which runs counter to conscious aims, even producing effects whose causation is a complete enigma to the individual. For example, conscious altruism, often of an extremely high order, may be crossed by a secret self-seeking, of which the individual is wholly unaware, and which impresses intrinsically unselfish actions with the stamp of selfishness. Purely ethical aims may lead the individual into critical situations, which sometimes have more than a semblance of being decided by quite other than ethical motives. There are guardians of public morals or voluntary rescue-workers who suddenly find themselves in deplorably compromising situations, or in dire need of rescue. Their resolve to save often leads them to employ means which only tend to precipitate what they most desire to avoid. There are extraverted idealists, whose desire to advance the salvation of man is so consuming that they will not shrink from any lying and dishonest means in the pursuit of their ideal. There are a few painful examples in science where investigators of the highest esteem, from a profound conviction of the truth and general validity of their formula, have not scrupled to falsify evidence in favour of their ideal. This is sanctioned by the formula; the end justifieth the means. Only an inferior feeling-function, operating seductively and unconsciously, could bring about such aberrations in otherwise reputable men.
The inferiority of feeling in this type manifests itself also in other ways. In so far as it corresponds with the dominating positive formula, the conscious attitude becomes more or less impersonal, often, indeed, to such a degree that a very considerable wrong is done to personal interests. When the conscious attitude is extreme, all personal considerations recede from view, even those which concern the individual’s own person. His health is neglected, his social position deteriorates, often the most vital interests of his family are violated—they are wronged morally and financially, even their bodily health is made to suffer—all in the service of the ideal. At all events personal sympathy with others must be impaired, unless they too chance to be in the service of the same formula. Hence it not infrequently happens that his immediate family circle, his own children for instance, only know such a father as a cruel tyrant, whilst the outer world resounds with the fame of his humanity. Not so much in spite of as because of the highly impersonal character of the conscious attitude, the unconscious feelings are highly personal and oversensitive, giving rise to certain secret prejudices, as, for instance, a decided readiness to misconstrue any objective opposition to his formula as personal ill-will, or a constant tendency to make negative suppositions regarding the qualities of others in order to invalidate their arguments beforehand—in defence, naturally, of his own susceptibility. As a result of this unconscious sensitiveness, his expression and tone frequently becomes sharp, pointed, aggressive, and insinuations multiply. The feelings have an untimely and halting character, which is always a mark of the inferior function. Hence arises a pronounced tendency to resentment. However generous the individual sacrifice to the intellectual goal may be, the feelings are correspondingly petty, suspicious, crossgrained, and conservative. Everything new that is not already contained formula is viewed through a veil of unconscious and is judged accordingly. It happened only in middle of last century that a certain physician, famed his humanitarianism, threatened to dismiss an assistant for daring to use a thermometer, because the formula decreed that fever shall be recognized by the pulse. There are, of course, a host of similar examples.
Thinking which in other respects may be altogether blameless becomes all the more subtly and prejudicially, affected, the more feelings are repressed. An intellectual standpoint, which, perhaps on account of its actual intrinsic value, might justifiably claim general recognition, undergoes a characteristic alteration through the influence of this unconscious personal sensitiveness; it becomes rigidly dogmatic. The personal self-assertion is transferred to the intellectual standpoint. Truth is no longer left to work her natural effect, but through an identification with the subject she is treated like a sensitive darling whom an evil-minded critic has wronged. The critic is demolished, if possible with personal invective, and no argument is too gross to be used against him. Truth must be trotted out, until finally it begins to dawn upon the public that it is not so much really a question of truth as of her personal procreator.
The dogmatism of the intellectual standpoint, however, occasionally undergoes still further peculiar modifications from the unconscious admixture of unconscious personal feelings; these changes are less a question of feeling, in the stricter sense, than of contamination from other unconscious factors which become blended with the repressed feeling in the unconscious. Although reason itself offers proof, that every intellectual formula can be no more than a partial truth, and can never lay claim, therefore, to autocratic authority; in practice, the formula obtains so great an ascendancy that, beside it, every other standpoint and possibility recedes into the background. It replaces all the more general, less defined, hence the more modest and truthful, views of life. It even takes the place of that general view of life which we call religion. Thus the formula becomes a religion, although in essentials it has not the smallest connection with anything religious. Therewith it also gains the essentially religious character of absoluteness. It becomes, as it were, an intellectual superstition. But now all those psychological tendencies that suffer under its repression become grouped together in the unconscious, and form a counterposition, giving rise to paroxysms of doubt. As a defence against doubt, the conscious attitude grows fanatical. For fanaticism, after all, is merely overcompensated doubt. Ultimately this development leads to an exaggerated defence of the conscious position, and to the gradual formation of an absolutely antithetic unconscious position; for example, an extreme irrationality develops, in opposition to the conscious rationalism, or it becomes highly archaic and superstitious, in opposition to a conscious standpoint imbued with modern science. This fatal opposition is the source of those narrow-minded and ridiculous views, familiar to the historians of science, into which many praiseworthy pioneers have ultimately blundered. It not infrequently happens in a man of this type that the side of the unconscious becomes embodied in a woman.
In my experience, this type, which is doubtless familiar to my readers, is chiefly found among men, since thinking tends to be a much more dominant function in men than in women. As a rule, when thinking achieves the mastery in women, it is, in my experience, a kind of thinking which results from a prevailingly intuitive activity of mind.
The thought of the extraverted thinking type is, positive, i.e. it produces. It either leads to new facts or to general conceptions of disparate experimental material. Its judgment is generally synthetic. Even when it analyses, it constructs, because it is always advancing beyond the, analysis to a new combination, a further conception which reunites the analysed material in a new way or adds some., thing further to the given material. In general, therefore, we may describe this kind of judgment as predicative. In any case, characteristic that it is never absolutely depreciatory or destructive, but always substitutes a fresh value for one that is demolished. This quality is due to the fact that thought is the main channel into which a thinking-type’s energy flows. Life steadily advancing shows itself in the man’s thinking, so that his ideas maintain a progressive, creative character. His thinking neither stagnates, nor is it in the least regressive. Such qualities cling only to a thinking that is not given priority in consciousness. In this event it is relatively unimportant, and also lacks the character of a positive vital activity. It follows in the wake of other functions, it becomes Epimethean, it has an ‘esprit de l’escalier’ quality, contenting itself with constant ponderings and broodings upon things past and gone, in an effort to analyse and digest them. Where the creative element, as in this case, inhabits another function, thinking no longer progresses it stagnates. Its judgment takes on a decided inherency-character, i.e. it entirely confines itself to the range of the given material, nowhere overstepping it. It is contented with a more or less abstract statement, and fails to impart any value to the experimental material that was not already there.
The inherency-judgment of such extraverted thinking is objectively orientated, i.e. its conclusion always expresses the objective importance of experience. Hence, not only does it remain under the orientating influence of objective data, but it actually rests within the charmed circle of the individual experience, about which it affirms nothing that was not already given by it. We may easily observe this thinking in those people who cannot refrain from tacking on to an impression or experience some rational and doubtless very valid remark, which, however, in no way adventures beyond the given orbit of the experience. At bottom, such a remark merely says ‘I have understood it—I can reconstruct it.’ But there the matter also ends. At its very highest, such a judgment signifies merely the placing of an experience in an objective setting, whereby the experience is at once recognized as belonging to the frame.
But whenever a function other than thinking possesses priority in consciousness to any marked degree, in so far as thinking is conscious at all and not directly dependent upon the dominant function, it assumes a negative character. In so far as it is subordinated to the dominant function, it may actually wear a positive aspect, but a narrower scrutiny will easily prove that it simply mimics the dominant function, supporting it with arguments that unmistakably contradict the laws of logic proper to thinking. Such a thinking, therefore, ceases to have any interest for our present discussion. Our concern is rather with the constitution of that thinking which cannot be subordinated to the dominance of another function, but remains true to its own principle. To observe and investigate this thinking in itself is not easy, since, in the concrete case, it is more or less constantly repressed by the conscious attitude. Hence, in the majority of cases, it first must be retrieved from the background of consciousness, unless in some unguarded moment it should chance to come accidentally to the surface. As a rule, it must be enticed with some such questions as ‘Now what do you really think?’ or, again, ‘What is your private view about the matter?’ Or perhaps one may even use a little cunning, framing the question something this: ‘What do you imagine, then, that I really think about the matter?’ This latter form should be chosen when the real thinking is unconscious and, therefore projected. The thinking that is enticed to the surface this way has characteristic qualities; it was these I had in mind just now when I described it as negative. It habitual mode is best characterized by the two words ‘nothing but’. Goethe personified this thinking in the figure of Mephistopheles. It shows a most distinctive tendency to trace back the object of its judgment to some banality or other, thus stripping it of its own independent significance. This happens simply because it is represented as being dependent upon some other commonplace thing. Wherever a conflict, apparently essential in nature, arises between two men, negative thinking mutters ‘Cherchez la femme’. When a man champions or advocates a cause, negative thinking makes no inquiry as to the importance of the thing, but merely asks ‘How much does he make by it?’ The dictum ascribed to Moleschott: “Der Mensch ist, was er isst” (” Man is what he eats “) also belongs to this collection, as do many more aphorisms and opinions which I need not enumerate.
The destructive quality of this thinking as well as its occasional and limited usefulness, hardly need further elucidation. But there still exists another form of negative thinking, which at first glance perhaps would scarcely be recognized as such I refer to the theosophical thinking which is today rapidly spreading in every quarter of the globe, presumably as a reaction phenomenon to the materialism of the epoch now receding. Theosophical thinking has an air that is not in the least reductive, since it exalts everything to transcendental and world-embracing ideas. A dream, for instance, is no longer a modest dream, but an experience upon ‘another plane’. The hitherto inexplicable fact of telepathy is ,very simply explained by ‘vibrations’ which pass from one man to another. An ordinary nervous trouble is quite simply accounted for by the fact that something has collided with the astral body. Certain anthropological peculiarities of the dwellers on the Atlantic seaboard are easily explained by the submerging of Atlantis, and so on. We have merely to open a theosophical book to be overwhelmed by the realization that everything is already explained, and that ‘spiritual science’ has left no enigmas of life unsolved. But, fundamentally, this sort of thinking is just as negative as materialistic thinking. When the latter conceives psychology as chemical changes taking place in the cell-ganglia, or as the extrusion and withdrawal of cell-processes, or as an internal secretion, in essence this is just as superstitious as theosophy. The only difference lies in the fact that materialism reduces all phenomena to our current physiological notions, while theosophy brings everything into the concepts of Indian metaphysics. When we trace the dream to an overloaded stomach, the dream is not thereby explained, and when we explain telepathy as ‘vibrations’, we have said just as little. Since, what are ‘vibrations’? Not only are both methods of explanation quite impotent—they are actually destructive, because by interposing their seeming explanations they withdraw interest from the problem, diverting it in the former case to the stomach, and in the latter to imaginary vibrations, thus preventing any serious investigation of the problem. Either kind of thinking is both sterile and sterilizing. Their negative quality consists in this it is a method of thought that is indescribably cheap there is a real poverty of productive and creative energy. It is a thinking taken in tow by other functions.
Feeling
¶
Feeling in the extraverted attitude is orientated by objective data, i.e. the object is the indispensable determinant of the kind of feeling. It agrees with objective values. If one has always known feeling as a subjective fact, the nature of extraverted feeling will not immediately be understood, since it has freed itself as fully as possible from the subjective factor, and has, instead, become wholly subordinated to the influence of the object. Even where it seems to show a certain independence of the quality of the concrete object, it is none the less under the spell of. traditional or generally valid standards of some sort. I may feel constrained, for instance, to use the predicate ‘beautiful’ or ‘good’, not because I find the object ‘beautiful’ or ‘good’ from my own subjective feeling, but because it is fitting and politic so to do; and fitting it certainly is, inasmuch as a contrary opinion would disturb the general feeling situation. A feeling-judgment such as this is in no way a simulation or a lie—it is merely an act of accommodation. A picture, for instance, may be termed beautiful, because a picture that is hung in a drawing-room and bearing a well-known signature is generally assumed to be beautiful, or because the predicate ‘ugly’ might offend the family of the fortunate possessor, or because there is a benevolent intention on the part of the visitor to create a pleasant feeling-atmosphere, to which end everything must be felt as agreeable. Such feelings are governed by the standard of the objective determinants. As such they are genuine, and represent the total visible feeling-function.
In precisely the same way as extraverted thinking strives to rid itself of subjective influences, extraverted feeling has also to undergo a certain process of differentiation, before it is finally denuded of every subjective trimming. The valuations resulting from the act of feeling either correspond directly with objective values or at least chime in with certain traditional and generally known standards of value. This kind of feeling is very largely responsible for the fact that so many people flock to the theatre, to concerts, or to Church, and what is more, with correctly adjusted positive feelings. Fashions, too, owe their existence to it, and, what is far more valuable, the whole positive and widespread support of social, philanthropic, and such like cultural enterprises. In such matters, extraverted feeling proves itself a creative factor. Without this feeling, for instance, a beautiful and harmonious sociability would be unthinkable. So far extraverted feeling is just as beneficent and rationally effective as extraverted thinking. But this salutary effect is lost as soon as the object gains an exaggerated influence. For, when this happens, extraverted feeling draws the personality too much into the object, i.e. the object assimilates the person, whereupon the personal character of the feeling, which constitutes its principal charm, is lost. Feeling then becomes cold, material, untrustworthy. It betrays a secret aim, or at least arouses the suspicion of it in an impartial observer. No longer does it make that welcome and refreshing impression the invariable accompaniment of genuine feeling; instead, one scents a pose or affectation, although the egocentric motive may be entirely unconscious.
Such overstressed, extraverted feeling certainly fulfils æsthetic expectations, but no longer does it speak to the heart; it merely appeals to the senses, or—worse still—to the reason. Doubtless it can provide æsthetic padding for a situation, but there it stops, and beyond that its effect is nil. It has become sterile. Should this process go further, a strangely contradictory dissociation of feeling develops; every object is seized upon with feeling-valuations, and numerous relationships are made which are inherently and mutually incompatible. Since such aberrations would be quite impossible if a sufficiently emphasized subject were present, the last vestige of a real personal standpoint also becomes suppressed. The subject becomes so swallowed up in individual feeling processes that to the observer it seems as though there were no longer a subject of feeling but merely a feeling process. In such a condition feeling has entirely forfeited its original human warmth, it gives an impression of pose, inconstancy, unreliability, and in the worst cases appears definitely hysterical.
The Extraverted Feeling Type
¶
In so far as feeling is, incontestably, a more obvious peculiarity of feminine psychology than thinking, the most pronounced feeling-types are also to be found among women. When extraverted feeling possesses the priority we speak of an extraverted feeling-type. Examples of this type that I can call to mind are, almost without exception, women. She is a woman who follows the guiding-line of her feeling. As the result of education her feeling has become developed into an adjusted function, subject to conscious control. Except in extreme cases, feeling has a personal character, in spite of the fact that the subjective factor may be already, to a large extent, repressed. The personality appears to be adjusted in relation to objective conditions. Her feelings correspond with objective situations and general values. Nowhere is this more clearly revealed than in the so-called ‘love-choice’; the ‘suitable’ man is loved, not another one; he is suitable not so much because he fully accords with the fundamental character of the woman—as a rule she is quite uninformed about this—but because he meticulously corresponds in standing, age, capacity, height, and family respectability with every reasonable requirement. Such a formulation might, of course, be easily rejected as ironical or depreciatory, were I not fully convinced that the love-feeling of this type of woman completely corresponds with her choice. It is genuine, and not merely intelligently manufactured. Such ‘reasonable’ marriages exist without number, and they are by no means the worst. Such women are good comrades to their husbands and excellent mothers, so long as husbands or children possess the conventional psychic constitution. One can feel ‘correctly’, however, only when feeling is disturbed by nothing else. But nothing disturbs feeling so much as thinking. It is at once intelligible, therefore, that this type should repress thinking as much as possible. This does not mean to say that such a woman does not think at all; on the contrary, she may even think a great deal and very ably, but her thinking is never sui generis; it is, in fact, an Epimethean appendage to her feeling. What she cannot feel, she cannot consciously think. ‘But I can’t think what I don’t feel’, such a type said to me once in indignant tones. As far as feeling permits, she can think very well, but every conclusion, however logical, that might lead to a disturbance of feeling is rejected from the outset. It is simply not thought. And thus everything that corresponds with objective valuations is good: these things are loved or treasured; the rest seems merely to exist in a world apart.
But a change comes over the picture when the importance of the object reaches a still higher level. As already explained above, such an assimilation of subject to object then occurs as almost completely to engulf the subject of feeling. Feeling loses its personal character—it becomes feeling per se; it almost seems as though the personality were wholly dissolved in the feeling of the moment. Now, since in actual life situations constantly and successively alternate, in which the feeling-tones released are not only different but are actually mutually contrasting, the personality inevitably becomes dissipated in just so many different feelings. Apparently, he is this one moment, and something completely different the next—apparently, I repeat, for in reality such a manifold personality is altogether impossible. The basis of the ego always remains identical with itself, and, therefore, appears definitely opposed to the changing states of feeling. Accordingly the observer senses the display of feeling not so much as a personal expression of the feeling-subject as an alteration of his ego, a mood, in other words. Corresponding with the degree of dissociation between the ego and the momentary state of feeling, signs of disunion with the self will become more or less evident, i.e. the original compensatory attitude of the unconscious becomes a manifest opposition. This reveals itself, in the first instance, in extravagant demonstrations of feeling, in loud and obtrusive feeling predicates, which leave one, however, somewhat incredulous. They ring hollow; they are not convincing. On the contrary, they at once give one an inkling of a resistance that is being overcompensated, and one begins to wonder whether such a feeling-judgment might not just as well be entirely different. In fact, in a very short time it actually is different. Only a very slight alteration in the situation is needed to provoke forthwith an entirely contrary estimation of the selfsame object. The result of such an experience is that the observer is unable to take either judgment at all seriously. He begins to reserve his own opinion. But since, with this type, it is a matter of the greatest moment to establish an intensive feeling rapport with his environment, redoubled efforts are now required to overcome this reserve. Thus, in the manner of the circulus vitiosus, the situation goes from bad to worse. The more the feeling relation with the object becomes overstressed, the nearer the unconscious opposition approaches the surface.
We have already seen that the extraverted feeling type, as a rule, represses his thinking, just because thinking is the function most liable to disturb feeling. Similarly, when thinking seeks to arrive at pure results of any kind, its first act is to exclude feeling, since nothing is calculated to harass and falsify thinking so much as feeling-values. Thinking, therefore, in so far as it is an independent function, is repressed in the extraverted feeling type. Its repression, as I observed before, is complete only in so far as its inexorable logic forces it to conclusions that are incompatible with feeling. It is suffered to exist as the servant of feeling, or more accurately its slave. Its backbone is broken; it may not operate on its own account, in accordance with its own laws, Now, since a logic exists producing inexorably right conclusions, this must happen somewhere, although beyond the bounds of consciousness, i.e. in the unconscious. Preeminently, therefore, the unconscious content of this type is a particular kind of thinking. It is an infantile, archaic, and negative thinking.
So long as conscious feeling preserves the personal character, or, in other words, so long as the personality does not become swallowed up by successive states of feeling, this unconscious thinking remains compensatory. But as soon as the personality is dissociated, becoming dispersed in mutually contradictory states of feeling, the identity of the ego is lost, and the subject becomes unconscious. But, because of the subject’s lapse into the unconscious, it becomes associated with the unconscious thinking—function, therewith assisting the unconscious thought to occasional consciousness. The stronger the conscious feeling relation, and therefore, the more ‘depersonalized,’ it becomes, the stronger grows the unconscious opposition. This reveals itself in the fact that unconscious ideas centre round just the most valued objects, which are thus pitilessly stripped of their value. That thinking which always thinks in the ‘nothing but’ style is in its right place here, since it destroys the ascendancy of the feeling that is chained to the object.
Unconscious thought reaches the surface in the form of irruptions, often of an obsessing nature, the general character of which is always negative and depreciatory. Women of this type have moments when the most hideous thoughts fasten upon the very objects most valued by their feelings. This negative thinking avails itself of every infantile prejudice or parallel that is calculated to breed doubt in the feeling-value, and it tows every primitive instinct along with it, in the effort to make ‘a nothing but’ interpretation of the feeling. At this point, it is perhaps in the nature of a side-remark to observe that the collective unconscious, i.e. the totality of the primordial images, also becomes enlisted in the same manner, and from the elaboration and development of these images there dawns the possibility of a regeneration of the attitude upon another basis.
Hysteria, with the characteristic infantile sexuality of its unconscious world of ideas, is the principal form of neurosis with this type.
Recapitulation of Extraverted Rational Types
¶
I term the two preceding types rational or judging types because they are characterized by the supremacy of the reasoning and the judging functions. It is a general distinguishing mark of both types that their life is, to a large extent, subordinated to reasoning judgment. But we must not overlook the point, whether by ‘reasoning’ we are referring to the standpoint of the individual’s subjective psychology, or to the standpoint of the observer, who perceives and judges from without. For such an observer could easily arrive at an opposite judgment, especially if he has a merely intuitive apprehension of the behaviour of the observed, and judges accordingly. In its totality, the life of this type is never dependent upon reasoning judgment alone; it is influenced in almost equal degree by unconscious irrationality. If observation is restricted to behaviour, without any concern for the domestic interior of the individual’s consciousness, one may get an even stronger impression of the irrational and accidental character of certain unconscious manifestations in the individual’s behaviour than of the reasonableness of his conscious purposes and motivations. I, therefore, base my judgment upon what the individual feels to be his conscious psychology. But I am prepared to grant that we may equally well entertain a precisely opposite conception of such a psychology, and present it accordingly. I am also convinced that, had I myself chanced to possess a different individual psychology, I should have described the rational types in the reversed way, from the standpoint of the unconscious—as irrational, therefore. This circumstance aggravates the difficulty of a lucid presentation of psychological matters to a degree not to be underestimated, and immeasurably increases the possibility of misunderstandings. The discussions which develop from these misunderstandings are, as a rule, quite hopeless, since the real issue is never joined, each side speaking, as it were, in a different tongue. Such experience is merely one reason the more for basing my presentation upon the subjective conscious psychology of the individual, since there, at least, one has a definite objective footing, which completely drops away the moment we try to ground psychological principles upon the unconscious. For the observed, in this case, could undertake no kind of cooperation, because there is nothing of which he is not more informed than his own unconscious. The judgment would entirely devolve upon the observer—a certain guarantee that its basis would be his own individual psychology, which would infallibly be imposed upon the observed. To my mind, this is the case in the psychologies both of Freud and of Adler. The individual is completely at the mercy of the arbitrary discretion of his observing critic—which can never be the case when the conscious psychology of the observed is accepted as the basis. After all, he is the only competent judge, since he alone knows his own motives.
The reasonableness that characterizes the conscious management of life in both these types, involves a conscious exclusion of the accidental and nonrational. Reasoning judgment, in such a psychology, represents a power that coerces the untidy and accidental things of life into definite forms; such at least is its aim. Thus, on the one hand, a definite choice is made among the possibilities of life, since only the rational choice is consciously accepted; but, on the other hand, the independence and influence of those psychic functions which perceive life’s happenings are essentially restricted. This limitation of sensation and intuition is, of course, not absolute. These functions exist, for they are universal; but their products are subject to the choice of the reasoning judgment. It is not the absolute strength of sensation, for instance, which turns the scales in the motivation of action, but judgment, Thus, in a certain sense, the perceiving-functions share the same fate as feeling in the case of the first type, or thinking in that of the second. They are relatively repressed, and therefore in an inferior state of differentiation. This circumstance gives a particular stamp to the unconscious of both our types; what such men do consciously and intentionally accords with reason (their reason of course), but what happens to them corresponds either with infantile, primitive sensations, or with similarly archaic intuitions. I will try to make clear what I mean by these latter concepts in the sections that follow. At all events, that which happens to this type is irrational (from their own standpoint of course). Now, since there are vast numbers of men whose lives consist in what happens to them more than in actions resulting from reasoned intention, it might conceivably happen, that such a man, after careful analysis, would describe both our types as irrational. We must grant him, however, that only too often a man’s unconscious makes a far stronger impression upon one than his conscious, and that his actions often have considerably more weight and meaning than his reasoned motivations.
The rationality of both types is orientated objectively, and depends upon objective data. Their reasonableness corresponds with what passes as reasonable from the collective standpoint. Subjectively they consider nothing rational save what is generally considered as such. But reason is also very largely subjective and individual. In our case this share is repressed—increasingly so, in fact, the more the significance of the object is exalted, Both the subject and subjective reason, therefore, are always threatened with repression and, when it descends, they fall under the tyranny of the unconscious, which in this case possesses most unpleasant qualities. We have already spoken of its thinking. But, in addition, there are primitive sensations, which reveal themselves in compulsive forms, as, for instance, an abnormal compulsive pleasure seeking in every conceivable direction ; there are also primitive intuitions, which can become a positive torture to the individuals concerned, not to mention their entourage. Everything disagreeable and painful, everything disgusting, ugly, and evil is scented out or suspected, and these as a rule only correspond with half-truths, than which nothing is more calculated to create misunderstandings of the most poisonous kind. The powerful influence of the opposing unconscious contents necessarily brings about a frequent interruption of the rational conscious government, namely, a striking subservience to the element of chance, so that, either by virtue of their sensational value or unconscious significance, accidental happenings acquire a compelling influence.
Sensation
¶
Sensation, in the extraverted attitude, is most definitely conditioned by the object. As sense-perception, sensation is naturally dependent upon the object. But, just as naturally, it is also dependent upon the subject; hence, there is also a subjective sensation, which after its kind is entirely different from the objective. In the extraverted attitude this subjective share of sensation, in so far as its conscious application is concerned, is either inhibited or repressed. As an irrational function, sensation is equally repressed, whenever a rational function, thinking or feeling, possesses the priority, ie. it can be said to have a conscious function, only in so far as the rational attitude of consciousness permits accidental perceptions to become conscious contents; in short, realizes them. The function of sense is, of course, absolute in the stricter sense; for example, everything is seen or heard to the farthest physiological possibility, but not everything attains that threshold value which a perception must possess in order to be also apperceived. It is a different matter when sensation itself possesses priority, instead of merely seconding another function. In this case, no element of objective sensation is excluded and nothing repressed (with the exception of the subjective share already mentioned). Sensation has a preferential objective determination, and those objects which release the strongest sensation are decisive for the individual’s psychology. The result of this is a pronounced sensuous hold to the object. Sensation, therefore, is a vital function, equipped with the potentest [sic] vital instinct. In so far as objects release sensations, they matter; and, in so far as it lies within the power of sensation, they are also fully accepted into consciousness, whether compatible with reasoned judgment or not. As a function its sole criterion of value is the strength of the sensation as conditioned by its objective qualities. Accordingly, all objective processes, in so far as they release sensations at all, make their appearance in consciousness. It is, however, only concrete, sensuously perceived objects or processes which excite sensations in the extraverted attitude; exclusively those, in fact, which everyone in all times and places would sense as concrete. Hence, the orientation of such an individual corresponds with purely concrete reality. The judging, rational functions are subordinated to the concrete facts of sensation, and, accordingly, possess the qualities of inferior differentiation, i.e. they are marked by a certain negativity, with infantile and archaic tendencies. The function most affected by the repression, is, naturally, the one standing opposite to sensation, viz. intuition, the function of unconscious perception.
The Extraverted Sensation Type
¶
No other human type can equal the extraverted sensation-type in realism. His sense for objective facts is extraordinarily developed. His life is an accumulation of actual experience with concrete objects, and the more pronounced he is, the less use does he make of his experience. In certain cases the events of his life hardly deserve the name ‘experience’. He knows no better use for this sensed ‘experience’ than to make it serve as a guide to fresh sensations; anything in the least ‘new’ that comes within his circle of interest is forthwith turned to a sensational account and is made to serve this end. In so far as one is disposed to regard a highly developed sense for sheer actuality as very reasonable, will such men be esteemed rational. In reality, however, this is by no means the case, since they are equally subject to the sensation of irrational, chance happenings, as they are to rational behaviour.
Such a type—the majority arc men apparently—does not, of course, believe himself to be ‘subject’ to sensation. He would be much more inclined to ridicule this view as altogether inconclusive, since, from his standpoint, sensation is the concrete manifestation of life—it is simply the fulness [sic] of actual living. His aim is concrete enjoyment, and his morality is similarly orientated. For true enjoyment has its own special morality, its own moderation and lawfulness, its own unselfishness and devotedness. It by no means follows that he is just sensual or gross, for he may differentiate his sensation to the finest pitch of æsthetic purity without being the least unfaithful, even in his most abstract sensations, to his principle of objective sensation. Wulfen’s Cicerone des r¨cksichtlosen Lebensgenusses is the unvarnished confession of a type of this sort. From this point of view the book seems to me worth reading.
Upon the lower levels this is the man of tangible reality, with little tendency either for reflection or commanding purpose. To sense the object, to have and if possible to enjoy sensations, is his constant motive. He is by no means unlovable; on the contrary, he frequently has a charming and lively capacity for enjoyment; he is sometimes a jolly fellow, and often a refined æsthete.
In the former case, the great problems of life hinge upon a good or indifferent dinner; in the latter, they are questions of good taste. When he ‘senses’, everything essential has been said and done. Nothing can be more than concrete and actual; conjectures that transcend or go beyond the concrete are only permitted on condition that they enhance sensation. This need not be in any way a pleasurable reinforcement, since this type is not a common voluptuary; he merely desires the strongest sensation, and this, by his very nature, he can receive only from without. What comes from within seems to him morbid and objectionable. In so far as lie thinks and feels, he always reduces down to objective foundations, i.e. to influences coming from the object, quite unperturbed by the most violent departures from logic. Tangible reality, under any conditions, makes him breathe again. In this respect he is unexpectedly credulous. He will, without hesitation, relate an obvious psychogenic symptom to the falling barometer, while the existence of a psychic conflict seems to him a fantastic abnormality. His love is incontestably rooted in the manifest attractions of the object. In so far as he is normal, he is conspicuously adjusted to positive reality—conspicuously, because his adjustment is always visible. His ideal is the actual; in this respect he is considerate. He has no ideals related to ideas—he has, therefore, no sort of ground for maintaining a hostile attitude towards the reality of things and facts. This expresses itself in all the externals of his life. He dresses well, according to his circumstances ; he keeps a good table for his friends, who are either made comfortable or at least given to understand that his fastidious taste is obliged to impose certain claims upon his entourage. He even convinces one that certain sacrifices are decidedly worth while for the sake of style.
But the more sensation predominates, so that the sensing subject disappears behind the sensation, the more unsatisfactory does this type become. Either he develops into a crude pleasure-seeker or he becomes an unscrupulous, designing sybarite. Although the object is entirely indispensable to him, yet, as something existing in and through itself, it is none the less depreciated. It is ruthlessly violated and essentially ignored, since now its sole use is to stimulate sensation. The hold upon the object is pushed to the utmost limit. The unconscious is, accordingly, forced out of its me[accent]tier as a compensatory function and driven into open opposition. But, above all, the repressed intuitions begin to assert themselves in the form of projections upon the object. The strangest conjectures arise; in the case of a sexual object, jealous phantasies and anxiety-states play a great role. More acute cases develop every sort of phobia, and especially compulsive symptoms. The pathological contents have a remarkable air of unreality, with a frequent moral or religious colouring. A pettifogging captiousness often develops, or an absurdly scrupulous morality coupled with a primitive, superstitious and ‘magical’ religiosity, harking back to abstruse rites. All these things have their source in the repressed inferior functions, which, in such cases, stand in harsh opposition to the conscious standpoint; they wear, in fact, an aspect that is all the more striking because they appear to rest upon the most absurd suppositions, in complete contrast to the conscious sense of reality. The whole culture of thought and feeling seems, in this second personality, to be twisted into a morbid primitiveness; reason is hair-splitting sophistry—morality is dreary moralizing and palpable Pharisaism—religion is absurd superstition—intuition, the noblest of human gifts, is a mere personal subtlety, a sniffing into every corner; instead of searching the horizon, it recedes to the narrowest gauge of human meanness.
The specially compulsive character of the neurotic symptoms represent the unconscious counterweight to the laisser aller morality of a purely sensational attitude, which, from the standpoint of rational judgment, accepts without discrimination, everything that happens. Although this lack of basic principles in the sensation-type does not argue an absolute lawlessness and lack of restraint, it at least deprives him of the quite essential restraining power of judgment. Rational judgment represents a conscious coercion, which the rational type appears to impose upon himself of his own free will. This compulsion overtakes the sensation-type from the unconscious. Moreover, the rational type’s link to the object, from the very existence of a judgment, never means such an unconditioned relation as that which the sensation-type has with the object. When his attitude reaches an abnormal one-sidedness, he is in danger of falling just as deeply into the arms of the unconscious as he consciously clings to the object. When he becomes neurotic, he is much harder to treat in the rational way, because the functions to which the physician must appeal are in a relatively undifferentiated state; hence little or no trust can be placed in them. Special means of bringing emotional pressure to bear are often needed to make him at all conscious.
Intuition
¶
Intuition as the function of unconscious perception is wholly directed upon outer objects in the extraverted attitude. Because, in the main, intuition is an unconscious process, the conscious apprehension of its nature is a very difficult matter. In consciousness, the intuitive function is represented by a certain attitude of expectation, a perceptive and penetrating vision, wherein only the subsequent result can prove, in every case, how much was ‘perceived-into’, and how much actually lay in the object.
Just as sensation, when given the priority, is not a mere reactive process of no further importance for the object, but is almost an action which seizes and shapes the object, so it is with intuition, which is by no means a mere perception, or awareness, but an active, creative process that builds into the object just as much as it takes out. But, because this process extracts the perception unconsciously, it also produces an unconscious effect in the object. The primary function of intuition is to transmit mere images, or perceptions of relations and conditions, which could be gained by the other functions, either not at all, or only by very roundabout ways. Such images have the value of definite discernments, and have a decisive bearing upon action, whenever intuition is given the chief weight; in which case, psychic adaptation is based almost exclusively upon intuition. Thinking, feeling, and sensation are relatively repressed; of these, sensation is the one principally affected, because, as the conscious function of sense, it offers the greatest obstacle to intuition. Sensation disturbs intuition’s clear, unbiassed, na[umlaut]ive awareness with its importunate sensuous stimuli; for these direct the glance upon the physical superficies, hence upon the very things round and beyond which intuition tries to peer. But since intuition, in the extraverted attitude, has a prevailingly objective orientation, it actually comes very near to sensation; indeed, the expectant attitude towards outer objects may, with almost equal probability, avail itself of sensation. Hence, for intuition really to become paramount, sensation must to a large extent be suppressed. I am now speaking of sensation as the simple and direct sense-reaction, an almost definite physiological and psychic datum. This must be expressly established beforehand, because, if I ask the intuitive how he is orientated, he will speak of things which are quite indistinguishable from sense-perceptions. Frequently he will even make use of the term ‘sensation’. He actually has sensations, but he is not guided by them per se, merely using them as directing-points for his distant vision. They are selected by unconscious expectation. Not the strongest sensation, in the physiological sense, obtains the crucial value, but any sensation whatsoever whose value happens to become considerably enhanced by reason of the intuitive’s unconscious attitude. In this way it may eventually attain the leading position, appearing to the intuitive’s consciousness indistinguishable from a pure sensation. But actually it is not so.
Just as extraverted sensation strives to reach the highest pitch of actuality, because only thus can the appearance of a complete life be created, so intuition tries to encompass the greatest possibilities, since only through the awareness of possibilities is intuition fullysatisfied. Intuition seeks to discover possibilities in the objective situation; hence as a mere tributary function (viz. when not in the position of priority) it is also the instrument which, in the presence of a hopelessly blocked situation, works automatically towards the issue, which no other function could discover. Where intuition has the priority, every ordinary situation in life seems like a closed room, which intuition has to open. It is constantly seeking outlets and fresh possibilities in external life. In a very short time every actual situation becomes a prison to the intuitive; it burdens him like a chain, prompting a compelling need for solution. At times objects would seem to have an almost exaggerated value, should they chance to represent the idea of a severance or release that might lead to the discovery of a new possibility. Yet no sooner have they performed their office, serving intuition as a ladder or a bridge, than they appear to have no further value, and are discarded as mere burdensome appendages. A fact is acknowledged only in so far as it opens up fresh possibilities of advancing beyond it and of releasing the individual from its operation. Emerging possibilities are compelling motives from which intuition cannot escape and to which all else must be sacrificed.
The Extraverted Intuitive Type
¶
Whenever intuition predominates, a particular and unmistakable psychology presents itself. Because intuition is orientated by the object, a decided dependence upon external situations is discernible, but it has an altogether different character from the dependence of the sensational type. The intuitive is never to be found among the generally recognized reality values, but he is always present where possibilities exist. He has a keen nose for things in the bud pregnant with future promise. He can never exist in stable, long-established conditions of generally acknowledged though limited value: because his eye is constantly ranging for new possibilities, stable conditions have an air of impending suffocation. He seizes hold of new objects and new ways with eager intensity, sometimes with extraordinary enthusiasm, only to abandon them cold-bloodedly, without regard and apparently without remembrance, as soon as their range becomes clearly defined and a promise of any considerable future development no longer clings to them. As long as a possibility exists, the intuitive is bound to it with thongs of fate. It is as though his whole life went out into the new situation. One gets the impression, which he himself shares, that he has just reached the definitive turning point in his life, and that from now on nothing else can seriously engage his thought and feeling. However reasonable and opportune it may be, and although every conceivable argument speaks in favour of stability, a day will come when nothing will deter him from regarding as a prison, the self-same situation that seemed to promise him freedom and deliverance, and from acting accordingly. Neither reason nor feeling can restrain or discourage him from a new possibility, even though it may run counter to convictions hitherto unquestioned. Thinking and feeling, the indispensable components of conviction, are, with him, inferior functions, possessing no decisive weight; hence they lack the power to offer any lasting. resistance to the force of intuition. And yet these are the only functions that are capable of creating any effectual compensation to the supremacy of intuition, since they can provide the intuitive with that judgment in which his type is altogether lacking. The morality of the intuitive is governed neither by intellect nor by feeling; he has his own characteristic morality, which consists in a loyalty to his intuitive view of things and a voluntary submission to its authority, Consideration for the welfare of his neighbours is weak. No solid argument hinges upon their well-being any more than upon his own. Neither can we detect in him any great respect for his neighbour’s convictions and customs; in fact, he is not infrequently put down as an immoral and ruthless adventurer. Since his intuition is largely concerned with outer objects, scenting out external possibilities, he readily applies himself to callings wherein he may expand his abilities in many directions. Merchants, contractors, speculators, agents, politicians, etc., commonly belong to this type.
Apparently this type is more prone to favour women than men; in which case, however, the intuitive activity reveals itself not so much in the professional as in the social sphere. Such women understand the art of utilizing every social opportunity; they establish right social connections; they seek out lovers with possibilities only to abandon everything again for the sake of a new possibility.
It is at once clear, both from the standpoint of political economy and on grounds of general culture, that such a type is uncommonly important. If well-intentioned, with an orientation to life not purely egoistical, he may render exceptional service as the promoter, if not the initiator of every kind of promising enterprise. He is the natural advocate of every minority that holds the seed of future promise. Because of his capacity, when orientated more towards men than things, to make an intuitive diagnosis of their abilities and range of usefulness, he can also ‘make’ men. His capacity to inspire his fellow-men with courage, or to kindle enthusiasm for something new, is unrivalled, although he may have forsworn it by the morrow. The more powerful and vivid his intuition, the more is his subject fused and blended with the divined possibility. He animates it; he presents it in plastic shape and with convincing fire; he almost embodies it. It is not a mere histrionic display, but a fate.
This attitude has immense dangers—all too easily the intuitive may squander his life. He spends himself animating men and things, spreading around him an abundance of life—a life, however, which others live, not he. Were he able to rest with the actual thing, he would gather the fruit of his labours; yet all too soon must he be running after some fresh possibility, quitting his newly planted field, while others reap the harvest. In the end he goes empty away. But when the intuitive lets things reach such a pitch, he also has the unconscious against him. The unconscious of the intuitive has a certain similarity with that of the sensation-type. Thinking and feeling, being relatively repressed, produce infantile and archaic thoughts and feelings in the unconscious, which may be compared with those of the countertype. They likewise come to the surface in the form of intensive projections, and are just as absurd as those of the sensation-type, only to my mind they lack the other’s mystical character; they are chiefly concerned with quasi-actual things, in the nature of sexual, financial, and other hazards, as, for instance, suspicions of approaching illness. This difference appears to be due to a repression of the sensations of actual things. These latter usually command attention in the shape of a sudden entanglement with a most unsuitable woman, or, in the case of a woman, with a thoroughly unsuitable man; and this is simply the result of their unwitting contact with the sphere of archaic sensations. But its consequence is an unconsciously compelling tie to an object of incontestable futility. Such an event is already a compulsive symptom, which is also thoroughly characteristic of this type. In common with the sensation-type, he claims a similar freedom and exemption from all restraint, since he suffers no submission of his decisions to rational judgment, relying entirely upon the perception of chance, possibilities. He rids himself of the restrictions of reason, only to fall a victim to unconscious neurotic compulsions in the form of oversubtle, negative reasoning, hair-splitting dialectics, and a compulsive tie to the sensation of the object. His conscious attitude, both to the sensation and the sensed object, is one of sovereign superiority and disregard. Not that he means to be inconsiderate or superior—he simply does not see the object that everyone else sees; his oblivion is similar to that of the sensation-type—only, with the latter, the soul of the object is missed. For this oblivion the object sooner or later takes revenge in the form of hypochondriacal, compulsive ideas, phobias, and every imaginable kind of absurd bodily sensation.
Recapitulation of Extraverted Irrational Types
¶
I call the two preceding types irrational for reasons already referred to; namely, because their commissions and omissions are based not upon reasoned judgment but upon the absolute intensity of perception. Their perception is concerned with simple happenings, where no selection has been exercised by the judgment. In this respect both the latter types have a considerable superiority over the two judging types. The objective occurrence is both law-determined and accidental. In so far as it is law-determined, it is accessible to reason; in so far as it is accidental, it is not. One might reverse it and say that we apply the term law-determined to the occurrence appearing so to our reason, and where its regularity escapes us we call it accidental. The postulate of a universal lawfulness remains a postulate of reason only; in no sense is it a postulate of our functions of perception. Since these are in no way grounded upon the principle of reason and its postulates, they are, of their very nature, irrational. Hence my term ‘irrational’ corresponds with the nature of the perception-types. But merely because they subordinate judgment to perception, it would be quite incorrect to regard these types as unreasonable. They are merely in a high degree empirical; they are grounded exclusively upon experience, so exclusively, in fact, that as a rule, their judgment cannot keep pace with their experience. But the functions of judgment are none the less present, although they eke out a largely unconscious existence. But, since the unconscious, in spite of its separation from the conscious subject, is always reappearing on the scene, the actual life of the irrational types exhibits striking judgments and acts of choice, which take the form of apparent sophistries, cold-hearted criticisms, and an apparently purposeful selection of persons and situations. These traits have a rather infantile, or even primitive, stamp; at times they are astonishingly naive, but at times also inconsiderate, crude, or outrageous. To the rationally orientated mind, the real character of such people might well appear rationalistic and purposeful in the bad sense. But this judgment would be valid only for their unconscious, and, therefore, quite incorrect for their conscious psychology, which is entirely orientated by perception, and because of its irrational nature is quite unintelligible to the rational judgment. Finally, it may even appear to a rationally orientated mind that such an assemblage of accidentals, hardly deserves the name ‘psychology.’ The irrational type balances this contemptuous judgment with an equally poor impression of the rational; for he sees him as something only half alive, whose only aim in life consists in fastening the fetters of reason upon everything living, and wringing his own neck with criticisms. Naturally, these are gross extremes; but they occur.
From the standpoint of the rational type, the irrational might easily be represented as a rational of inferior quality; namely, when he is apprehended in the light of what happens to him. For what happens to him is not the accidental—in that he is master—but, in its stead, he is overtaken by rational judgment and rational aims. This fact is hardly comprehensible to the rational mind, but its unthinkableness merely equals the astonishment of the irrational, when he discovers someone who can set the ideas of reason above the living and actual event. Such a thing seems scarcely credible to him. It is, as a rule, quite hopeless to look to him for any recognition of principles in this direction, since a rational understanding is just as unknown and, in fact, tiresome to him as the idea of making a contract, without mutual discussion and obligations, appears unthinkable to the rational type.
This point brings me to the problem of the psychic relation between the representatives of the different types. Following the terminology of the French school of hypnotists, the psychic relation among the more modern psychiatrists is termed I ‘rapport’. Rapport chiefly consists in a feeling of actual accord, in spite of recognised differences. In fact, the recognition of existing differences, in so far as they are common to both, is already a rapport, a feeling of accord. If we make this feeling conscious to a rather high degree in an actual case, we discover that it has not merely the quality of a feeling that cannot be analysed further, but it also has the nature of an insight or cognitional content, representing the point of agreement in a conceptual form. This rational presentation is exclusively valid for the rational types; it by no means applies to the irrational, whose rapport is based not at all upon judgment but upon the parallelism of actual living events. His feeling of accord is the common perception of a sensation or intuition. The rational would say that rapport with the irrational depends purely upon chance. If, by some accident, the objective situations are exactly in tune, something like a human relationship takes place, but nobody can tell what will be either its validity or its duration. To the rational type it is often a very bitter thought that the relationship will last only just so long as external circumstances accidentally produce a mutual interest. This does not occur to him as being especially human, whereas it is precisely in this situation that the irrational sees a humanity of quite singular beauty. Accordingly each regards the other as a man destitute of relationships, upon whom no reliance can be placed, and with whom one can never get on decent terms. Such a result, however, is reached only when one consciously tries to make some estimate of the nature of one’s relationships with one’s fellow-men. Although a psychological conscientiousness of this kind is by no means usual, yet it frequently happens that, notwithstanding an absolute difference of standpoint, a kind of rapport does take place, and in the following way. The one assumes with unspoken projection that the other is, in all essential points, of the same opinion as himself, while the other divines or senses an objective community of interest, of which, however, the former has no conscious inkling and whose existence he would at once dispute, just as it would never occur to the latter that his relationship must rest upon a common point-of-view. A rapport of this kind is by far the most frequent; it rests upon projection, which is the source of many subsequent misunderstandings.
Psychic relationship, in the extraverted attitude, is always regulated by objective factors and outer determinants. What a man is within has never any decisive significance. For our present-day culture the extraverted attitude is the governing principle in the problem of human relationship; naturally, the introverted principle occurs, but it is still the exception, and has to appeal to the tolerance of the age.
The Introverted Type
¶
The General Attitude of Consciousness
¶
As I have already explained in section 1 of the present chapter, the introverted is distinguished from the extraverted type by the fact that, unlike the latter, who is prevailingly orientated by the object and objective data, he is governed by subjective factors. In the section alluded to I mentioned, inter alia, that the introvert interposes a subjective view between the perception of the object and his own action, which prevents the action from assuming a character that corresponds with the objective situation. Naturally, this is a special case, mentioned by way of example, and merely intended to serve as a simple illustration. But now we must go in quest of more general formulations.
Introverted consciousness doubtless views the external conditions, but it selects the subjective determinants as the decisive ones. The type is guided, therefore, by that factor of perception and cognition which represents the receiving subjective disposition to the sense stimulus. Two persons, for example, see the same object, but they never see it in such a way as to receive two identically similar images of it. Quite apart from the differences in the personal equation and mere organic acuteness, there often exists a radical difference, both in kind and degree, in the psychic assimilation of the perceived image. Whereas the extraverted type refers preeminently to that which reaches him from the object, the introvert principally relies upon that which the outer impression constellates [sic] in the subject. In an individual case of apperception, the difference may, of course, be very delicate, but in the total psychological economy it is extremely noticeable, especially in the form of a reservation of the ego. Although it is anticipating somewhat, I consider that point of view which inclines, with Weininger, to describe this attitude as philautic, or with other writers, as autoerotic, egocentric, subjective, or egoistic, to be both misleading in principle and definitely depreciatory. It corresponds with the normal bias of the extraverted attitude against the nature of the introvert. We must not forget—although extraverted opinion is only too prone to do so—that all perception and cognition is not purely objective: it is also subjectively conditioned. The world exists not merely in itself, but also as it appears to me. Indeed, at bottom, we have absolutely no criterion that could help us to form a judgment of a world whose nature was unassimilable by the subject. If we were to ignore the subjective factor, it would mean a complete denial of the great doubt as to the possibility of absolute cognition. And this would mean a rechute into that stale and hollow positivism which disfigured the beginning of our epoch—an attitude of intellectual arrogance that is invariably accompanied by a crudeness of feeling, and an essential violation of life, as stupid as it is presumptuous. Through an overvaluation of the objective powers of cognition, we repress the importance of the subjective factor, which simply means the denial of the subject. But what is the subject? The subject is man—we are the subject. Only a sick mind could forget that cognition must have a subject, for there exists no knowledge and, therefore, for us, no world where ‘I know’ has not been said, although with this statement one has already expressed the subjective limitation of all knowledge.
The same holds good for all the psychic functions: they have a subject which is just as indispensable as the object. It is characteristic of our present extraverted valuation that the word ‘subjective’ occasionally rings almost like a reproach or blemish; but in every case the epithet ‘merely subjective’ means a dangerous weapon of offence, destined for that daring head, that is not unceasingly convinced of the unconditioned superiority of the object. We must, therefore, be quite clear as to what meaning the term ‘subjective’ carries in this investigation. As the subjective factor, then, I understand that psychological action or reaction which, when merged with the effect of the object, makes a new psychic fact. Now, in so far as the subjective factor, since oldest times and among all peoples, remains in a very large measure identical with itself—since elementary perceptions and cognitions are almost universally the same—it is a reality that is just as firmly established as the outer object. If this were not so, any sort of permanent and essentially changeless reality would be altogether inconceivable, and any understanding with posterity would be a matter of impossibility. Thus far, therefore, the subjective factor is something that is just as much a fact as the extent of the sea and the radius of the earth. Thus far, also, the subjective factor claims the whole value of a world-determining power which can never, under any circumstances, be excluded from our calculations. It is the other world-law, and the man who is based upon it has a foundation just as secure, permanent, and valid, as the man who relies upon the object But, just as the object and objective data remain by no means always the same, inasmuch as they are both perishable and subject to chance, the subjective factor is similarly liable to variability and individual hazard. Hence its value is also merely relative. The excessive development of the introverted standpoint in consciousness, for instance, does not lead to a better or sounder application of the subjective factor, but to an artificial subjectification of consciousness, which can hardly escape the reproach ‘merely subjective’. For, as a countertendency to this morbid subjectification, there ensues a desubjectification of consciousness in the form of an exaggerated extraverted attitude which richly deserves Weininger’s description “misautic”. Inasmuch as the introverted attitude is based upon a universally present, extremely real, and absolutely indispensable condition of psychological adaptation, such expressions as ‘philautic’, ‘egocentric’, and the like are both objectionable and out of place, since they foster the prejudice that it is invariably a question of the beloved ego. Nothing could be more absurd than such an assumption. Yet one is continually meeting it when examining the judgments of the extravert upon the introvert. Not, of course, that I wish to ascribe such an error to individual extraverts; it is rather the present generally accepted extraverted view which is by no means restricted to the extraverted type; for it finds just as many representatives in the ranks of the other type, albeit very much against its own interest. The reproach of being untrue to his own kind is justly levelled at the latter, whereas, this, at least, can never be charged against the former.
The introverted attitude is normally governed by the psychological structure, theoretically determined by heredity, but which to the subject is an ever present subjective factor. This must not be assumed, however, to be simply identical with the subject’s ego, an assumption that is certainly implied in the above mentioned designations of Weininger; it is rather the psychological structure of the subject that precedes any development of the ego. The really fundamental subject, the Self, is far more comprehensive than the ego, because the former also embraces the unconscious, while the latter is essentially the focal point of consciousness. Were the ego identical with the Self, it would be unthinkable that we should be able to appear in dreams in entirely different forms and with entirely different meanings. But it is a characteristic peculiarity of the introvert, which, moreover, is as much in keeping with his own inclination as with the general bias, that he tends to confuse his ego with the Self, and to exalt his ego to the position of subject of the psychological process, thus effecting that morbid subjectification of consciousness, mentioned above, which so alienates him from the object.
The psychological structure is the same. Semon has termed it ‘mneme’,[2] whereas I call it the ‘collective unconscious’. The individual Self is a portion, or excerpt, or representative, of something universally present in all living creatures, and, therefore, a correspondingly graduated kind of psychological process, which is born anew in every creature. Since earliest times, the inborn manner of acting has been called instinct, and for this manner of psychic apprehension of the object I have proposed the term archetype. I may assume that what is understood by instinct is familiar to everyone. It is another matter with the archetype. This term embraces the same idea as is contained in ‘primordial image’ (an expression borrowed from Jakob Burckhardt), and as such I have described it in Chapter xi of this book. I must here refer the reader to that chapter, in particular to the definition of ‘image’.
The archetype is a symbolical formula, which always begins to function whenever there are no conscious ideas present, or when such as are present are impossible upon intrinsic or extrinsic grounds. The contents of the collective unconscious are represented in consciousness in the form of pronounced tendencies, or definite ways of looking at things. They are generally regarded by the individual as being determined by the object—incorrectly, at bottom—since they have their source in the unconscious structure of the psyche, and are only released by the operation of the object. These subjective tendencies and ideas are stronger than the objective influence; because their psychic value is higher, they are superimposed upon all impressions. Thus, just as it seems incomprehensible to the introvert that the object should always be decisive, it remains just as enigmatic to the extravert how a subjective standpoint can be superior to the objective situation. He reaches the unavoidable conclusion that the introvert is either a conceited egoist or a fantastic doctrinaire. Recently he seems to have reached the conclusion that the introvert is constantly influenced by an unconscious power-complex. The introvert unquestionably exposes himself to this prejudice; for it cannot be denied that his definite and highly generalized mode of expression, which apparently excludes every other view from the outset, lends a certain countenance to this extraverted opinion. Furthermore, the very decisiveness and inflexibility of the subjective judgment, which is superordinated to all objective data, is alone sufficient to create the impression of a strong egocentricity. The introvert usually lacks the right argument in presence of this prejudice; for he is just as unaware of the unconscious, though thoroughly sound presuppositions of his subjective judgment, as he is of his subjective perceptions. In harmony with the style of the times, he looks without, instead of behind his own consciousness for the answer. Should he become neurotic, it is the sign of a more or less complete unconscious identity of the ego with the Self, whereupon the importance of the Self is reduced to nil, while the ego becomes inflated beyond reason. The undeniable, world-determining power of the subjective factor then becomes concentrated in the ego, developing an immoderate power claim and a downright foolish egocentricity. Every psychology which reduces the nature of man to unconscious power instinct springs from this foundation. For example, Nietzsche’s many faults in taste owe their existence to this subjectification of consciousness.
The Unconscious Attitude
¶
The superior position of the subjective factor in consciousness involves an inferiority of the objective factor. The object is not given that importance which should really belong to it. Just as it plays too great a role in the extraverted attitude, it has too little to say in the introverted. To the extent that the introvert’s consciousness is subjectified, thus bestowing undue importance upon the ego, the object is placed in a position which in time becomes quite untenable. The object is a factor of undeniable power, while the ego is something very restricted and transitory. It would be a very different matter if the Self opposed the object. Self and world are commensurable factors; hence a normal introverted attitude is just as valid, and has as good a right to existence, as a normal extraverted attitude. But, if the ego has usurped the claims of the subject, a compensation naturally develops under the guise of an unconscious reinforcement of the influence of the object. Such a change eventually commands attention, for often, in spite of a positively convulsive attempt to ensure the superiority of the ego, the object and objective data develop an overwhelming influence, which is all the more invincible because it seizes upon the individual unawares, thus effecting an irresistible invasion of consciousness. As a result of the ego’s defective relation to the object—for a will to command is not adaptation—a compensatory relation to the object develops in the unconscious, which makes itself felt in consciousness as an unconditional and irrepressible tie to the object. The more the ego seeks to secure every possible liberty, independence, superiority, and freedom from obligations, the deeper does it fall into the slavery of objective facts. The subject’s freedom of mind is chained to an ignominious financial dependence, his unconcernedness of action suffers now and again, a distressing collapse in the face of public opinion, his moral superiority gets swamped in inferior relationships, and his desire to dominate ends in a pitiful craving to be loved. The chief concern of the unconscious in such a case is the relation to the object, and it affects this in a way that is calculated to bring both the power illusion and the superiority phantasy to utter ruin. The object assumes terrifying dimensions, in spite of conscious depreciation. Detachment from, and command of, the object are, in consequence, pursued by the ego still more violently. Finally, the ego surrounds itself by a regular system of safeguards (Adler has ably depicted these) which shall at least preserve the illusion of superiority. But, therewith, the introvert severs himself completely from the object, and either squanders his energy in defensive measures or makes fruitless attempts to impose his power upon the object and successfully assert himself. But these efforts are constantly being frustrated by the overwhelming impressions he receives from the object. It continually imposes itself upon him against his will; it provokes in him the most disagreeable and obstinate affects, persecuting him at every step. An immense, inner struggle is constantly required of him, in order to ‘keep going.’ Hence Psychoasthenia is his typical form of neurosis, a malady which is characterized on the one hand by an extreme sensitiveness, and on the other by a great liability to exhaustion and chronic fatigue.
An analysis of the personal unconscious yields an abundance of power phantasies coupled with fear of the dangerously animated objects, to which, as a matter of fact, the introvert easily falls a victim. For a peculiar cowardliness develops from this fear of the object; he shrinks from making either himself or his opinion effective, always dreading an intensified influence on the part of the object. He is terrified of impressive affects in others, and is hardly ever free from the dread of falling under hostile influence. For objects possess terrifying and powerful qualities for him—qualities which he cannot consciously discern in them, but which, through his unconscious perception, he cannot choose but believe in. Since his conscious relation to the object is relatively repressed, its exit is by way of the unconscious, where it becomes loaded with the qualities of the unconscious. These qualities are primarily infantile and archaic. His relation to the object, therefore, becomes correspondingly primitive, taking on all those peculiarities which characterize the primitive objectrelationship. Now it seems as though objects possessed magical powers. Strange, new objects excite fear and distrust, as though concealing unknown dangers; objects long rooted and blessed by tradition are attached to his soul as by invisible threads; every change has a disturbing, if not actually dangerous aspect, since its apparent implication is a magical animation of the object. A lonely island where only what is permitted to move moves, becomes an ideal. Auch Einer, the novel by F. Th. Vischer, gives a rich insight into this side of the introvert’s psychology, and at the same time shows the underlying symbolism of the collective unconscious, which in this description of types I am leaving on one side, since it is a universal phenomenon with no especial connection with types.
Peculiarities of the Basic Psychological Functions in the Introverted Attitude
¶
Thinking
¶
When describing extraverted thinking, I gave a brief characterization of introverted thinking, to which at this stage I must make further reference. Introverted thinking is primarily orientated by the subjective factor. At the least, this subjective factor is represented by a subjective feeling of direction, which, in the last resort, determines judgment. Occasionally, it is a more or less finished image, which to some extent, serves as a standard. This thinking may be conceived either with concrete or with abstract factors, but always at the decisive points it is orientated by subjective data. Hence, it does not lead from concrete experience back again into objective things, but always to the subjective content, External facts are not the aim and origin of this thinking, although the introvert would often like to make it so appear. It begins in the subject, and returns to the subject, although it may undertake the widest flights into the territory of the real and the actual. Hence, in the statement of new facts, its chief value is indirect, because new views rather than the perception of new facts are its main concern. It formulates questions and creates theories; it opens up prospects and yields insight, but in the presence of facts it exhibits a reserved demeanour. As illustrative examples they have their value, but they must not prevail. Facts are collected as evidence or examples for a theory, but never for their own sake. Should this latter ever occur, it is done only as a compliment to the extraverted style. For this kind of thinking facts are of secondary importance; what, apparently, is of absolutely paramount importance is the development and presentation of the subjective idea, that primordial symbolical image standing more or less darkly before the inner vision. Its aim, therefore, is never concerned with an intellectual reconstruction of concrete actuality, but with the shaping of that dim image into a resplendent idea. Its desire is to reach reality; its goal is to see how external facts fit into, and fulfil, the framework of the idea; its actual creative power is proved by the fact that this thinking can also create that idea which, though not present in the external facts, is yet the most suitable, abstract expression of them. Its task is accomplished when the idea it has fashioned seems to emerge so inevitably from the external facts that they actually prove its validity.
But just as little as it is given to extraverted thinking to wrest a really sound inductive idea from concrete facts or ever to create new ones, does it lie in the power of introverted thinking to translate its original image into an idea adequately adapted to the facts. For, as in the former case the purely empirical heaping together of facts paralyses thought and smothers their meaning, so in the latter case introverted thinking shows a dangerous tendency to coerce facts into the shape of its image, or by ignoring them altogether, to unfold its phantasy image in freedom. In such a case, it will be impossible for the presented idea to deny its origin from the dim archaic image. There will cling to it a certain mythological character that we are prone to interpret as ‘originality’, or in more pronounced cases’ as mere whimsicality; since its archaic character is not transparent as such to specialists unfamiliar with mythological motives. The subjective force of conviction inherent in such an idea is usually very great; its power too is the more convincing, the less it is influenced by contact with outer facts. Although to the man who advocates the idea, it may well seem that his scanty store of facts were the actual ground and source of the truth and validity of his idea, yet such is not the case, for the idea derives its convincing power from its unconscious archetype, which, as such, has universal validity and everlasting truth. Its truth, however, is so universal and symbolic, that it must first enter into the recognized and recognizable knowledge of the time, before it can become a practical truth of any real value to life. What sort of a causality would it be, for instance, that never became perceptible in practical causes and practical results?
This thinking easily loses itself in the immense truth of the subjective factor. It creates theories for the sake of theories, apparently with a view to real or at least possible facts, yet always with a distinct tendency to go over from the world of ideas into mere imagery. Accordingly many intuitions of possibilities appear on the scene, none of which however achieve any reality, until finally images are produced which no longer express anything externally real, being ‘merely’ symbols of the simply unknowable. It is now merely a mystical thinking and quite as unfruitful as that empirical thinking whose sole operation is within the framework of objective facts.
Whereas the latter sinks to the level of a mere presentation of facts, the former evaporates into a representation of the unknowable, which is even beyond everything that could be expressed in an image. The presentation of facts has a certain incontestable truth, because the subjective factor is excluded and the facts speak for themselves. Similarly, the representing of the unknowable has also an immediate, subjective, and convincing power, because it is demonstrable from its own existence. The former says ‘Est, ergo est’ (‘It is ; therefore it is’) ; while the latter says ‘Cogito, ergo cogito’ (‘ I think ; therefore I think’). In the last analysis, introverted thinking arrives at the evidence of its own subjective being, while extraverted thinking is driven to the evidence of its complete identity with the objective fact. For, while the extravert really denies himself in his complete dispersion among objects, the introvert, by ridding himself of each and every content, has to content himself with his mere existence. In both cases the further development of life is crowded out of the domain of thought into the region of other psychic functions which had hitherto existed in relative unconsciousness. The extraordinary impoverishment of introverted thinking in relation to objective facts finds compensation in an abundance of unconscious facts. Whenever consciousness, wedded to the function of thought, confines itself within the smallest and emptiest circle possible—though seeming to contain the plenitude of divinity—unconscious phantasy becomes proportionately enriched by a multitude of archaically formed facts, a veritable pandemonium of magical and irrational factors, wearing the particular aspect that accords with the nature of that function which shall next relieve the thought-function as the representative of life. If this should be the intuitive function, the ‘other side’ will be viewed with the eyes of a Kubin or a Meyrink. If it is the feeling-function, there arise quite unheard of and fantastic feeling-relations, coupled with feeling-judgments of a quite contradictory and unintelligible character. If the sensation-function, then the senses discover some new and never-before-experienced possibility, both within and without the body. A closer investigation of such changes can easily demonstrate the reappearance of primitive psychology with all its characteristic features. Naturally, the thing experienced is not merely primitive but also symbolic; in fact, the older and more primeval it appears, the more does it represent the future truth: since everything ancient in our unconscious means the coming possibility.
Under ordinary circumstances, not even the transition to the ‘other side’ succeeds—still less the redeeming journey through the unconscious. The passage across is chiefly prevented by conscious resistance to any subjection of the ego to the unconscious reality and to the determining reality of the unconscious object. The condition is a dissociation—in other words, a neurosis having the character of an inner wastage with increasing brain-exhaustion—a psychoasthenia, in fact.
The Introverted Thinking Type
¶
Just as Darwin might possibly represent the normal extraverted thinking type, so we might point to Kant as a counterexample of the normal introverted thinking type. The former speaks with facts; the latter appeals to the subjective factor. Darwin ranges over the wide fields of objective facts, while Kant restricts himself to a critique of knowledge in general. But suppose a Cuvier be contrasted with a Nietzsche: the antithesis becomes even sharper.
The introverted thinking type is characterized by a priority of the thinking I have just described. Like his extraverted parallel, he is decisively influenced by ideas; these, however, have their origin, not in the objective data but in the subjective foundation. Like the extravert, he too will follow his ideas, but in the reverse direction: inwardly not outwardly. Intensity is his aim, not extensity. In these fundamental characters he differs markedly, indeed quite unmistakably from his extraverted parallel. Like every introverted type, he is almost completely lacking in that which distinguishes his counter type, namely, the intensive relatedness to the object. In the case of a human object, the man has a distinct feeling that he matters only in a negative way, i.e., in milder instances he is merely conscious of being superfluous, but with a more extreme type he feels himself warded off as something definitely disturbing. This negative relation to the object—indifference, and even aversion—characterizes every introvert; it also makes a description of the introverted type in general extremely difficult. With him, everything tends to disappear and get concealed. His judgment appears cold, obstinate, arbitrary, and inconsiderate, simply because he is related less to the object than the subject. One can feel nothing in it that might possibly confer a higher value upon the object; it always seems to go beyond the object, leaving behind it a flavour of a certain subjective superiority. Courtesy, amiability, and friendliness may be present, but often with a particular quality suggesting a certain uneasiness, which betrays an ulterior aim, namely, the disarming of an opponent, who must at all costs be pacified and set at ease lest he prove a disturbing-element. In no sense, of course, is he an opponent, but, if at all sensitive, he will feel somewhat repelled, perhaps even depreciated. Invariably the object has to submit to a certain neglect; in worse cases it is even surrounded with quite unnecessary measures of precaution. Thus it happens that this type tends to disappear behind a cloud of misunderstanding, which only thickens the more he attempts to assume, by way of compensation and with the help of his inferior functions, a certain mask of urbanity, which often presents a most vivid contrast to his real nature. Although in the extension of his world of ideas he shrinks from no risk, however daring, and never even considers the possibility that such a world might also be dangerous, revolutionary, heretical, and wounding to feeling, he is none the less a prey to the liveliest anxiety, should it ever chance to become objectively real. That goes against the grain. When the time comes for him to transplant his ideas into the world, his is by no means the air of an anxious mother solicitous for her children’s welfare; he merely exposes them, and is often extremely annoyed when they fail to thrive on their own account. The decided lack he usually displays in practical ability, and his aversion from any sort of re[accent]clame assist in this attitude. If to his eyes his product appears subjectively correct and true, it must also be so in practice, and others have simply got to bow to its truth. Hardly ever will he go out of his way to win anyone’s appreciation of it, especially if it be anyone of influence. And, when he brings himself to do so, he is usually so extremely maladroit that he merely achieves the opposite of his purpose. In his own special province, there are usually awkward experiences with his colleagues, since he never knows how to win their favour; as a rule he only succeeds in showing them how entirely superfluous they are to him. In the pursuit of his ideas he is generally stubborn, headstrong, and quite unamenable to influence. His suggestibility to personal influences is in strange contrast to this. An object has only to be recognized as apparently innocuous for such a type to become extremely accessible to really inferior elements. They lay hold of him from the unconscious. He lets himself be brutalized and exploited in the most ignominious way, if only he can be left undisturbed in the pursuit of his ideas. He simply does not see when he is being plundered behind his back and wronged in practical ways: this is because his relation to the object is such a secondary matter that lie is left without a guide in the purely objective valuation of his product. In thinking out his problems to the utmost of his ability, he also complicates them, and constantly becomes entangled in every possible scruple. However clear to himself the inner structure of his thoughts may be, he is not in the least clear where and how they link up with the world of reality. Only with difficulty can he persuade himself to admit that what is clear to him may not be equally clear to everyone. His style is usually loaded and complicated by all sorts of accessories, qualifications, saving clauses, doubts, etc., which spring from his exacting scrupulousness. His work goes slowly and with difficulty. Either he is taciturn or he falls among people who cannot understand him; whereupon he proceeds to gather further proof of the unfathomable stupidity of man. If he should ever chance to be understood, he is credulously liable to overestimate. Ambitious women have only to understand how advantage may be taken of his uncritical attitude towards the object to make an easy prey of him; or he may develop into a misanthropic bachelor with a childlike heart. Then, too, his outward appearance is often gauche, as if he were painfully anxious to escape observation; or he may show a remarkable unconcern, an almost childlike naivete. In his own particular field of work he provokes violent contradiction, with which he has no notion how to deal, unless by chance he is seduced by his primitive affects into biting and fruitless polemics. By his wider circle he is counted inconsiderate and domineering. But the better one knows him, the more favourable one’s judgment becomes, and his nearest friends are well aware how to value his intimacy. To people who judge him from afar he appears prickly, inaccessible, haughty; frequently he may even seem soured as a result of his antisocial prejudices. He has little influence as a personal teacher, since the mentality of his pupils is strange to him. Besides, teaching has, at bottom, little interest for him, except when it accidentally provides him with a theoretical problem. He is a poor teacher, because while teaching his thought is engaged with the actual material, and will not be satisfied with its mere presentation.
With the intensification of his type, his convictions become all the more rigid and unbending. Foreign influences are eliminated; he becomes more unsympathetic to his peripheral world, and therefore more dependent upon his intimates. His expression becomes more personal and inconsiderate and his ideas more profound, but they can no longer be adequately expressed in the material at hand. This lack is replaced by emotivity and susceptibility. The foreign influence, brusquely declined from without, reaches him from within, from the side of the unconscious, and he is obliged to collect evidence against it and against things in general which to outsiders seems quite superfluous. Through the subjectification of consciousness occasioned by his defective relationship to the object, what secretly concerns his own person now seems to him of chief importance. And he begins to confound his subjective truth with his own person. Not that he will attempt to press anyone personally with his convictions, but he will break out with venomous and personal retorts against every criticism, however just. Thus in every respect his isolation gradually increases. His originally fertilizing ideas become destructive, because poisoned by a kind of sediment of bitterness. His struggle against the influences emanating from the unconscious increases with his external isolation, until gradually this begins to cripple him. A still greater isolation must surely protect him from the unconscious influences, but as a rule this only takes him deeper into the conflict which is destroying him within.
The thinking of the introverted type is positive and synthetic in the development of those ideas which in ever increasing measure approach the eternal validity of the primordial images. But, when their connection with objective experience begins to fade, they become mythological and untrue for the present situation. Hence this thinking holds value only for its contemporaries, just so long as it also stands in visible and understandable connection with the known facts of the time. But, when thinking becomes mythological, its irrelevancy grows until finally it gets lost in itself. The relatively unconscious functions of feeling, intuition, and sensation, which counterbalance introverted thinking, are inferior in quality and have a primitive, extraverted character, to which all the troublesome objective influences this type is subject to must be ascribed. The various measures of self-defence, the curious protective obstacles with which such people are wont to surround themselves, are sufficiently familiar, and I may, therefore, spare myself a description of them. They all serve as a defence against ‘magical’ influences; a vague dread of the other sex also belongs to this category.
Feeling
¶
Introverted feeling is determined principally by the subjective factor. This means that the feeling-judgment differs quite as essentially from extraverted feeling as does the introversion of thinking from extraversion. It is unquestionably difficult to give an intellectual presentation of the introverted feeling process, or even an approximate description of it, although the peculiar character of this kind of feeling simply stands out as soon as one becomes aware of it at all. Since it is primarily controlled by subjective preconditions, and is only secondarily concerned with the object, this feeling appears much less upon the surface and is, as a rule, misunderstood. It is a feeling which apparently depreciates the object; hence it usually becomes noticeable in its negative manifestations. The existence of a positive feeling can be inferred only indirectly, as it were. Its aim is not so much to accommodate to the objective fact as to stand above it, since its whole unconscious effort is to give reality to the underlying images. It is, as it were, continually seeking an image which has no existence in reality, but of which it has had a sort of previous vision. From objects that can never fit in with its aim it seems to glide unheedingly away. It strives after an inner intensity, to which at the most, objects contribute only an accessory stimulus. The depths of this feeling can only be divined—they can never be clearly comprehended. It makes men silent and difficult of access; with the sensitiveness of the mimosa, it shrinks from the brutality of the object, in order to expand into the depths of the subject. It puts forward negative feeling-judgments or assumes an air of profound indifference, as a measure of self-defence.
Primordial images are, of course, just as much idea as feeling. Thus, basic ideas such as God, freedom, immortality are just as much feeling-values as they are significant as ideas. Everything, therefore, that has been said of the introverted thinking refers equally to introverted feeling, only here everything is felt while there it was thought. But the fact that thoughts can generally be expressed more intelligibly than feelings demands a more than ordinary descriptive or artistic capacity before the real wealth of this feeling can be even approximately presented or communicated to the outer world. Whereas subjective thinking, on account of its unrelatedness, finds great difficulty in arousing an adequate understanding, the same, though in perhaps even higher degree, holds good for subjective feeling. In order to communicate with others it has to find an external form which is not only fitted to absorb the subjective feeling in a satisfying expression, but which must also convey it to one’s fellowman in such a way that a parallel process takes place in him. Thanks to the relatively great internal (as well as external) similarity of the human being, this effect can actually be achieved, although a form acceptable to feeling is extremely difficult to find, so long as it is still mainly orientated by the fathomless store of primordial images. But, when it becomes falsified by an egocentric attitude, it at once grows unsympathetic, since then its major concern is still with the ego. Such a case never fails to create an impression of sentimental self-love, with its constant effort to arouse interest and even morbid self-admiration just as the subjectified consciousness of the introverted thinker, striving after an abstraction of abstractions, only attains a supreme intensity of a thought-process in itself quite empty, so the intensification of egocentric feeling only leads to a contentless passionateness, which merely feels itself. This is the mystical, ecstatic stage, which prepares the way over into the extraverted functions repressed by feeling, just as introverted thinking is pitted against a primitive feeling, to which objects attach themselves with magical force, so introverted feeling is counterbalanced by a primitive thinking, whose concretism and slavery to facts passes all bounds. Continually emancipating itself from the relation to the object, this feeling creates a freedom, both of action and of conscience, that is only answerable to the subject, and that may even renounce all traditional values. But so much the more does unconscious thinking fall a victim to the power of objective facts.
The Introverted Feeling Type
¶
It is principally among women that I have found the priority of introverted feeling. The proverb ‘Still waters run deep’ is very true of such women. They are mostly silent, inaccessible, and hard to understand; often they hide behind a childish or banal mask, and not infrequently their temperament is melancholic. They neither shine nor reveal themselves. Since they submit the control of their lives to their subjectively orientated feeling, their true motives generally remain concealed. Their outward demeanour is harmonious and inconspicuous; they reveal a delightful repose, a sympathetic parallelism, which has no desire to affect others, either to impress, influence, or change them in any way. Should this outer side be somewhat emphasized, a suspicion of neglectfulness and coldness may easily obtrude itself, which not seldom increases to a real indifference for the comfort and well-being of others. One distinctly feels the movement of feeling away from the object. With the normal type, however, such an event only occurs when the object has in some way too strong an effect. The harmonious feeling atmosphere rules only so long as the object moves upon its own way with a moderate feeling intensity, and makes no attempt to cross the other’s path. There is little effort to accompany the real emotions of the object, which tend to be damped and rebuffed, or to put it more aptly, are ‘cooled off’ by a negative feeling-judgment. Although one may find a constant readiness for a peaceful and harmonious companionship, the unfamiliar object is shown no touch of amiability, no gleam of responding warmth, but is met by a manner of apparent indifference or repelling coldness.
One may even be made to feel the superfluousness of one’s own existence. In the presence of something that might carry one away or arouse enthusiasm, this type observes a benevolent neutrality, tempered with an occasional trace of superiority and criticism that soon takes the wind out of the sails of a sensitive object. But a stormy emotion will be brusquely rejected with murderous coldness, unless it happens to catch the subject from the side of the unconscious, i.e. unless, through the animation of some primordial image, feeling is, as it were, taken captive. In which event such a woman simply feels a momentary laming, invariably producing, in due course, a still more violent resistance, which reaches the object in his most vulnerable spot. The relation to the object is, as far as possible, kept in a secure and tranquil middle state of feeling, where passion and its intemperateness are resolutely proscribed. Expression of feeling, therefore, remains niggardly and, when once aware of it at all, the object has a permanent sense of his undervaluation. Such, however, is not always the case, since very often the deficit remains unconscious; whereupon the unconscious feeling-claims gradually produce symptoms which compel a more serious attention.
A superficial judgment might well be betrayed, by a rather cold and reserved demeanour, into denying all feeling to this type. Such a view, however, would be quite false; the truth is, her feelings are intensive rather than extensive. They develop into the depth. Whereas, for instance, an extensive feeling of sympathy can express itself in both word and deed at the right place, thus quickly ridding itself of its impression, an intensive sympathy, because shut off from every means of expression, gains a passionate depth that embraces the misery of a world and is simply benumbed. It may possibly make an extravagant irruption, leading to some staggering act of an almost heroic character, to which, however, neither the object nor the subject can find a right relation. To the outer world, or to the blind eyes of the extravert, this sympathy looks like coldness, for it does nothing visibly, and an extraverted consciousness is unable to believe in invisible forces.
Such misunderstanding is a characteristic occurrence in the life of this type, and is commonly registered as a most weighty argument against any deeper feeling relation with the object. But the underlying, real object of this feeling is only dimly divined by the normal type. It may possibly express its aim and content in a concealed religiosity anxiously shielded, from profane eyes, or in intimate poetic forms equally safeguarded from surprise; not without a secret ambition to bring about some superiority over the object by such means. Women often express much of it in their children, letting their passionateness flow secretly into them.
Although in the normal type, the tendency, above alluded to, to overpower or coerce the object once openly and visibly with the thing secretly felt, rarely plays a disturbing role, and never leads to a serious attempt in this direction, some trace of it, none the less, leaks through into the personal effect upon the object, in the form of a domineering influence often difficult to define. It is sensed as a sort of stifling or oppressive feeling which holds the immediate circle under a spell. It gives a woman of this type a certain mysterious power that may prove terribly fascinating to the extraverted man, for it touches his unconscious. This power is derived from the deeply felt, unconscious images; consciousness, however, readily refers it to the ego, whereupon the influence becomes debased into personal tyranny. But, wherever the unconscious subject is identified with the ego, the mysterious power of the intensive feeling is also transformed into banal and arrogant ambition, vanity, and petty tyranny. This produces a type of woman most regrettably distinguished by her unscrupulous ambition and mischievous cruelty. But this change in the picture leads also to neurosis.
So long as the ego feels itself housed, as it were, beneath the heights of the unconscious subject, and feeling reveals something higher and mightier than the ego, the type is normal. The unconscious thinking is certainly archaic, yet its reductions may prove extremely helpful in compensating the occasional inclinations to exalt the ego into the subject. But, whenever this does take place by dint of complete suppression of the unconscious reductive thinking-products, the unconscious thinking goes over into opposition and becomes projected into objects. Whereupon the now egocentric subject comes to feel the power and importance of the depreciated object. Consciousness begins to feel ‘what others think’. Naturally, others are thinking, all sorts of baseness, scheming evil, and contriving all sorts of plots, secret intrigues, etc. To prevent this, the subject must also begin to carry out preventive intrigues, to suspect and sound others, to make subtle combinations. Assailed by rumours, he must make convulsive efforts to convert, if possible, a threatened inferiority into a superiority. Innumerable secret rivalries develop, and in these embittered struggles not only will no base or evil means be disdained, but even virtues will be misused and tampered with in order to play the trump card. Such a development must lead to exhaustion. The form of neurosis is neurasthenic rather than hysterical; in the case of women we often find severe collateral physical states, as for instance anæmia and its sequelæ.
Recapitulation of Introverted Rational Types
¶
Both the foregoing types are rational, since they are founded upon reasoning, judging functions. Reasoning judgment is based not merely upon objective, but also upon subjective, data. But the predominance of one or other factor, conditioned by a psychic disposition often existing from early youth, deflects the reasoning function. For a judgment to be really reasonable it should have equal reference to both the objective and the subjective factors, and be able to do justice to both. This, however, would be an ideal case, and would presuppose a uniform development of both extraversion and introversion. But either movement excludes the other, and, so long as this dilemma persists, they cannot possibly exist side by, side, but at the most successively. Under ordinary circumstances, therefore, an ideal reason is impossible. A rational type has always a typical reasonal variation. Thus, the introverted rational types unquestionably have a reasoning judgment, only it is a judgment whose leading note is subjective. The laws of logic are not necessarily deflected, since its onesidedness lies in the premise. The premise is the predominance of the subjective factor existing beneath every conclusion and colouring every judgment. Its superior value as compared with the objective factor is self-evident from the beginning. As already stated, it is not just a question of value bestowed, but of a natural disposition existing before all rational valuation. Hence, to the introvert rational judgment necessarily appears to have many nuances which differentiate it from that of the extravert. Thus, to the introvert, to mention the most general instance, that chain of reasoning which leads to the subjective factor appears rather more reasonable than that which leads to the object. This difference, which in the individual case is practically insignificant, indeed almost unnoticeable, effects unbridgeable oppositions in the gross; these are the more irritating, the less we are aware of the minimal standpoint displacement produced by the psychological premise in the individual case. A capital error regularly creeps in here, for one labours to prove a fallacy in the conclusion, instead of realizing the difference of the psychological premise. Such a realization is a difficult matter for every rational type, since it undermines the apparent, absolute validity of his own principle, and delivers him over to its antithesis, which certainly amounts to a catastrophe.
Almost more even than the extraverted is the introverted type subject to misunderstanding: not so much because the extravert is a more merciless or critical adversary, than he himself can easily be, but because the style of the epoch in which he himself participates is against him. Not in relation to the extraverted type, but as against our general accidental world-philosophy, he finds himself in the minority, not of course numerically, but from the evidence of his own feeling. In so far as he is a convinced participator in the general style, he undermines his own foundations, since the present style, with its almost exclusive acknowledgment of the visible and the tangible, is opposed to his principle. Because of its invisibility, he is obliged to depreciate the subjective factor, and to force himself to join in the extraverted overvaluation of the object. He himself sets the subjective factor at too low a value, and his feelings of inferiority are his chastisement for this sin. Little wonder, therefore, that it is precisely our epoch, and particularly those movements which are somewhat ahead of the time, that reveal the subjective factor in every kind of exaggerated, crude and grotesque form of expression. I refer to the art of the present day.
The undervaluation of his own principle makes the introvert egotistical, and forces upon him the psychology of the oppressed. The more egotistical he becomes, the stronger his impression grows that these others, who are apparently able, without qualms, to conform with the present style, are the oppressors against whom he must guard and protect himself. He does not usually perceive that he commits his capital mistake in not depending upon the subjective factor with that same loyalty and devotion with which the extravert follows the object By the undervaluation of his own principle, his penchant towards egoism becomes unavoidable, which, of course, richly deserves the prejudice of the extravert. Were he only to remain true to his own principle, the judment of ‘egoist’ would be radically false; for the justification of his attitude would be established by its general efficacy, and all misunderstandings dissipated.
Sensation
¶
Sensation, which in obedience to its whole nature is concerned with the object and the objective stimulus, also undergoes a considerable modification in the introverted attitude. It, too, has a subjective factor, for beside the object sensed there stands a sensing subject, who contributes his subjective disposition to the objective stimulus. In the introverted attitude sensation is definitely based upon the subjective portion of perception. What is meant by this finds its best illustration in the reproduction of objects in art. When, for instance, several painters undertake to paint one and the same landscape, with a sincere attempt to reproduce it faithfully, each painting will none the less differ from the rest, not merely by virtue of a more or less developed ability, but chiefly because of a different vision; there will even appear in some of the paintings a decided psychic variation, both in general mood and in treatment of colour and form. Such qualities betray a more or less influential cooperation of the subjective factor. The subjective factor of sensation is essentially the same as in the other functions already spoken of. It is an unconscious disposition, which alters the sense-perception at its very source, thus depriving it of the character of a purely objective influence. In this case, sensation is related primarily to the subject, and only secondarily to the object. How extraordinarily strong the subjective factor can be is shown most clearly in art. The ascendancy of the subjective factor occasionally achieves a complete suppression of the mere influence of the object; but none the less sensation remains sensation, although it has come to be a perception of the subjective factor, and the effect of the object has sunk to the level of a mere stimulant. Introverted sensation develops in accordance with this subjective direction. A true sense-perception certainly exists, but it always looks as though objects were not so much forcing their way into the subject in their own right as that the subject were seeing things quite differently, or saw quite other things than the rest of mankind. As a matter of fact, the subject perceives the same things as everybody else, only, he never stops at the purely objective effect, but concerns himself with the subjective perception released by the objective stimulus. Subjective perception differs remarkably from the objective. It is either not found at all in the object, or, at most, merely suggested by it; it can, however, be similar to the sensation of other men, although not immediately derived from the objective behaviour of things. It does not impress one as a mere product of consciousness—it is too genuine for that. But it makes a definite psychic impression, since elements of a higher psychic order are perceptible to it. This order, however, does not coincide with the contents of consciousness. It is concerned with presuppositions, or dispositions of the collective unconscious, with mythological images, with primal possibilities of ideas. The character of significance and meaning clings to subjective perception. It says more than the mere image of the object, though naturally only to him for whom the subjective factor has some meaning. To another, a reproduced subjective impression seems to suffer from the defect of possessing insufficient similarity with the object; it seems, therefore, to have failed in its purpose. Subjective sensation apprehends the background of the physical world rather than its surface. The decisive thing is not the reality of the object, but the reality of the subjective factor, i.e. the primordial images, which in their totality represent a psychic mirror-world. It is a mirror, however, with the peculiar capacity of representing the present contents of consciousness not in their known and customary form but in a certain sense sub specie aeternitatis, somewhat as a million-year old consciousness might see them. Such a consciousness would see the becoming and the passing of things beside their present and momentary existence, and not only that, but at the same time it would also see that Other, which was before their becoming and will be after their passing hence. To this consciousness the present moment is improbable. This is, of course, only a simile, of which, however, I had need to give some sort of illustration of the peculiar nature of introverted sensation. Introverted sensation conveys an image whose effect is not so much to reproduce the object as to throw over it a wrapping whose lustre is derived from age-old subjective experience and the still unborn future event. Thus, mere sense impression develops into the depth of the meaningful, while extraverted sensation seizes only the momentary and manifest existence of things.
The Introverted Sensation Type
¶
The priority of introverted sensation produces a definite type, which is characterized by certain peculiarities. It is an irrational type, inasmuch as its selection among occurrences is not primarily rational, but is guided rather by what just happens. Whereas, the extraverted sensation-type is determined by the intensity of the objective influence, the introverted type is orientated by the intensity of the subjective sensation-constituent released by the objective stimulus. Obviously, therefore, no sort of proportional relation exists between object and sensation, but something that is apparently quite irregular and arbitrary judging from without, therefore, it is practically impossible to foretell what will make an impression and what will not. If there were present a capacity and readiness for expression in any way commensurate with the strength of sensation, the irrationality of this type would be extremely evident. This is the case, for instance, when the individual is a creative artist. But, since this is the exception, it usually happens that the characteristic introverted difficulty of expression also conceals his irrationality. On the contrary, he may actually stand out by the very calmness and passivity of his demeanour, or by his rational self-control. This peculiarity, which often leads the superficial judgment astray, is really due to his unrelatedness to objects. Normally the object is not consciously depreciated in the least, but its stimulus is removed from it, because it is immediately replaced by a subjective reaction, which is no longer related to the reality of the object. This, of course, has the same effect as a depreciation of the object. Such a type can easily make one question why one should exist at all; or why objects in general should have any right to existence, since everything essential happens without the object. This doubt may be justified in extreme cases, though not in the normal, since the objective stimulus is indispensable to his sensation, only it produces something different from what was to be surmised from the external state of affairs. Considered from without, it looks as though the effect of the object did not obtrude itself upon the subject. This impression is so far correct inasmuch as a subjective content does, in fact, intervene from the unconscious, thus snatching away the effect of the object. This intervention may be so abrupt that the individual appears to shield himself directly from any possible influence of the object. In any aggravated or well-marked case, such a protective guard is also actually present. Even with only a slight reinforcement of the unconscious, the subjective constituent of sensation becomes so alive that it almost completely obscures the objective influence. The results of this are, on the one hand, a feeling of complete depreciation on the part of the object, and, on the other, an illusory conception of reality on the part of the subject, which in morbid cases may even reach the point of a complete inability to discriminate between the real object and the subjective perception. Although so vital a distinction vanishes completely only in a practically psychotic state, yet long before that point is reached subjective perception may influence thought, feeling, and action to an extreme degree, in spite of the fact that the object is clearly seen in its fullest reality. Whenever the objective influence does succeed in forcing its way into the subject—as the result of particular circumstances of special intensity, or because of a more perfect analogy with the unconscious image—even the normal example of this type is induced to act in accordance with his unconscious model. Such action has an illusory quality in relation to objective reality, and therefore has a very odd and strange character. It instantly reveals the anti-real subjectivity of the type, But, where the influence of the object does not entirely succeed, it encounters a benevolent neutrality, disclosing little sympathy, yet constantly striving to reassure and adjust. The too-low is raised a little, the too-high is made a little lower; the enthusiastic is damped, the extravagant restrained; and the unusual brought within the ‘correct’ formula: all this in order to keep the influence of the object within the necessary bounds. Thus, this type becomes an affliction to his circle, just in so far as his entire harmlessness is no longer above suspicion. But, if the latter should be the case, the individual readily becomes a victim to the aggressiveness and ambitions of others. Such men allow themselves to be abused, for which they usually take vengeance at the most unsuitable occasions with redoubled stubbornness and resistance. When there exists no capacity for artistic expression, all impressions sink into the inner depths, whence they hold consciousness under a spell, removing any possibility it might have had of mastering the fascinating impression by means of conscious expression. Relatively speaking, this type has only archaic possibilities of expression for the disposal of his impressions; thought and feeling are relatively unconscious, and, in so far as they have a certain consciousness, they only serve in the necessary, banal, everyday expressions. Hence as conscious functions, they are wholly unfitted to give any adequate rendering of the subjective perceptions. This type, therefore, is uncommonly inaccessible to an objective understanding and he fares no better in the understanding of himself.
Above all, his development estranges him from the reality of the object, handing him over to his subjective perceptions, which orientate his consciousness in accordance with an archaic reality, although his deficiency in comparative judgment keeps him wholly unaware of this fact. Actually he moves in a mythological world, where men animals, railways, houses, rivers, and mountains appear partly as benevolent deities and partly as malevolent demons. That thus they, appear to him never enters his mind, although their effect upon his judgments and acts can bear no other interpretation. He judges and acts as though he had such powers to deal with; but this begins to strike him only when he discovers that his sensations are totally different from reality. If his tendency is to reason objectively, he will sense this difference as morbid; but if, on the other hand, he remains faithful to his irrationality, and is prepared to grant his sensation reality value, the objective world will appear a mere make-belief and a comedy. Only in extreme cases, however, is this dilemma reached. As a rule, the individual acquiesces in his isolation and in the banality of the reality, which, however, he unconsciously treats archaically.
His unconscious is distinguished chiefly by the repression of intuition, which thereby acquires an extraverted and archaic character. Whereas true extraverted intuition has a characteristic resourcefulness, and a ‘good nose’ for every possibility in objective reality, this archaic, extraverted intuition has an amazing flair for every ambiguous, gloomy, dirty, and dangerous possibility in the background of reality. In the presence of this intuition the real and conscious intention of the object has no significance; it will peer behind every possible archaic antecedent of such an intention. It possesses, therefore, something dangerous, something actually undermining, which often stands in most vivid contrast to the gentle benevolence of consciousness. So long as the individual is not too aloof from the object, the unconscious intuition effects a wholesome compensation to the rather fantastic and over credulous attitude of consciousness. But as soon as the unconscious becomes antagonistic to consciousness, such intuitions come to the surface and expand their nefarious influence: they force themselves compellingly upon the individual, releasing compulsive ideas about objects of the most perverse kind. The neurosis arising from this sequence of events is usually a compulsion neurosis, in which the hysterical characters recede and are obscured by symptoms of exhaustion.
Intuition
¶
Intuition, in the introverted attitude, is directed upon the inner object, a term we might justly apply to the elements of the unconscious. For the relation of inner objects to consciousness is entirely analogous to that of outer objects, although theirs is a psychological and not a physical reality. Inner objects appear to the intuitive perception as subjective images of things, which, though not met with in external experience, really determine the contents of the unconscious, i.e. the collective unconscious, in the last resort. Naturally, in their per se character, these contents are, not accessible to experience, a quality which they have in common with the outer object. For just as outer objects correspond only relatively with our perceptions of them, so the phenomenal forms of the inner object are also relative; products of their (to us) inaccessible essence and of the peculiar nature of the intuitive function. Like sensation, intuition also has its subjective factor, which is suppressed to the farthest limit in the extraverted intuition, but which becomes the decisive factor in the intuition of the introvert. Although this intuition may receive its impetus from outer objects, it is never arrested by the external possibilities, but stays with that factor which the outer object releases within.
Whereas introverted sensation is mainly confined to the perception of particular innervation phenomena by way of the unconscious, and does not go beyond them, intuition represses this side of the subjective factor and perceives the image which has really occasioned the innervation. Supposing, for instance, a man is overtaken by a psychogenic attack of giddiness. Sensation is arrested by the peculiar character of this innervationdisturbance, perceiving all its qualities, its intensity, its transient course, the nature of its origin and disappearance in their every detail, without raising the smallest inquiry concerning the nature of the thing which produced the disturbance, or advancing anything as to its content. Intuition, on the other hand, receives from the sensation only the impetus to immediate activity; it peers behind the scenes, quickly perceiving the inner image that gave rise to the specific phenomenon, i.e. the attack of vertigo, in the present case. It sees the image of a tottering man pierced through the heart by an arrow. This image fascinates the intuitive activity; it is arrested by it, and seeks to explore every detail of it. It holds fast to the vision, observing with the liveliest interest how the picture changes, unfolds further, and finally fades. In this way introverted intuition perceives all the background processes of consciousness with almost the same distinctness as extraverted sensation senses outer objects. For intuition, therefore, the unconscious images attain to the dignity of things or objects. But, because intuition excludes the cooperation of sensation, it obtains either no knowledge at all or at the best a very inadequate awareness of the innervation-disturbances or of the physical effects produced by the unconscious images. Accordingly, the images appear as though detached from the subject, as though existing in themselves without relation to the person.
Consequently, in the above-mentioned example, the introverted intuitive, when affected by the giddiness, would not imagine that the perceived image might also in some way refer to himself. Naturally, to one who is rationally orientated, such a thing seems almost unthinkable, but it is none the less a fact, and I have often experienced it in my dealings with this type.
The remarkable indifference of the extraverted intuitive in respect to outer objects is shared by the introverted intuitive in relation to the inner objects. Just as the extraverted intuitive is continually scenting out new possibilities, which he pursues with an equal unconcern both for his own welfare and for that of others, pressing on quite heedless of human considerations, tearing down what has only just been established in his everlasting search for change, so the introverted intuitive moves from image to image, chasing after every possibility in the teeming womb of the unconscious, without establishing any connection between the phenomenon and himself. Just as the world can never become a moral problem for the man who merely senses it, so the world of images is never a moral problem to the intuitive. To the one just as much as to the other, it is an ae[]sthenic problem, a question of perception, a ‘sensation’. In this way, the consciousness of his own bodily existence fades from the introverted intuitive’s view, as does its effect upon others. The extraverted standpoint would say of him: ‘Reality has no existence for him; he gives himself up to fruitless phantasies’. A perception of the unconscious images, produced in such inexhaustible abundance by the creative energy of life, is of course fruitless from the standpoint of immediate utility. But, since these images represent possible ways of viewing life, which in given circumstances have the power to provide a new energic potential, this function, which to the outer world is the strangest of all, is as indispensable to the total psychic economy as is the corresponding human type to the psychic life of a people. Had this type not existed, there would have been no prophets in Israel.
Introverted intuition apprehends the images which arise from the a priori, i.e. the inherited foundations of the unconscious mind. These archetypes, whose innermost nature is inaccessible to experience, represent the precipitate of psychic functioning of the whole ancestral line, i.e. the heaped-up, or pooled, experiences of organic existence in general, a million times repeated, and condensed into types. Hence, in these archetypes all experiences are represented which since primeval time have happened on this planet. Their archetypal distinctness is the more marked, the more frequently and intensely they have been experienced. The archetype would be—to borrow from Kant—the noumenon of the image which intuition perceives and, in perceiving, creates.
Since the unconscious is not just something that lies there, like a psychic caput mortuum, but is something that coexists and experiences inner transformations which are inherently related to general events, introverted intuition, through its perception of inner processes, gives certain data which may possess supreme importance for the comprehension of general occurrences: it can even foresee new possibilities in more or less clear outline, as well as the event which later actually transpires. Its prophetic prevision is to be explained from its relation to the archetypes which represent the law-determined course of all experienceable things.
The Introverted Intuitive Type
¶
The peculiar nature of introverted intuition, when given the priority, also produces a peculiar type of man, viz. the mystical dreamer and seer on the one hand, or the fantastical crank and artist on the other. The latter might be regarded as the normal case, since there is a general tendency of this type to confine himself to the perceptive character of intuition. As a rule, the intuitive stops at perception; perception is his principal problem, and—in the case of a productive artist—the shaping of perception. But the crank contents himself with the intuition by which he himself is shaped and determined. Intensification of intuition naturally often results in an extraordinary aloofness of the individual from tangible reality; he may even become a complete enigma to his own immediate circle.
If an artist, he reveals extraordinary, remote things in his art, which in iridescent profusion embrace both the significant and the banal, the lovely and the grotesque, the whimsical and the sublime. If not an artist, he is frequently an unappreciated genius, a great man ‘gone wrong’, a sort of wise simpleton, a figure for ‘psychological’ novels.
Although it is not altogether in the line of the introverted intuitive type to make of perception a moral problem, since a certain reinforcement of the rational functions is required for this, yet even a relatively slight differentiation of judgment would suffice to transfer intuitive perception from the purely æsthetic into the moral sphere. A variety of this type is thus produced which differs essentially from its æsthetic form, although none the less characteristic of the introverted intuitive. The moral problem comes into being when the intuitive tries to relate himself to his vision, when he is no longer satisfied with mere perception and its æsthetic shaping and estimation, but confronts the question: What does this mean for me and for the world? What emerges from this vision in the way of a duty or task, either for me or for the world? The pure intuitive who represses judgment or possesses it only under the spell of perception never meets this question fundamentally, since his only problem is the How of perception. He, therefore, finds the moral problem unintelligible, even absurd, and as far as possible forbids his thoughts to dwell upon the disconcerting vision. It is different with the morally orientated intuitive. He concerns himself with the meaning of his vision; he troubles less about its further æsthetic possibilities than about the possible moral effects which emerge from its intrinsic significance. His judgment allows him to discern, though often only darkly, that he, as a man and as a totality, is in some way interrelated with his vision, that it is something which cannot just be perceived but which also would fain become the life of the subject. Through this realization he feels bound to transform his vision into his own life. But, since he tends to rely exclusively upon his vision, his moral effort becomes one-sided; he makes himself and his life symbolic, adapted, it is true, to the inner and eternal meaning of events, but unadapted to the actual present-day reality. Therewith he also deprives himself of any influence upon it, because he remains unintelligible. His language is not that which is commonly spoken—it becomes too subjective. His argument lacks convincing reason. He can only confess or pronounce. His is the ‘voice of one crying in the wilderness’.
The introverted intuitive’s chief repression falls upon the sensation of the object. His unconscious is characterized by this fact. For we find in his unconscious a compensatory extraverted sensation function of an archaic character. The unconscious personality may, therefore, best be described as an extraverted sensation-type of a rather low and primitive order. Impulsiveness and unrestraint are the characters of this sensation, combined with an extraordinary dependence upon the sense impression. This latter quality is a compensation to the thin upper air of the conscious attitude, giving it a certain weight, so that complete ‘sublimation’ is prevented. But if, through a forced exaggeration of the conscious attitude, a complete subordination to the inner perception should develop, the unconscious becomes an opposition, giving rise to compulsive sensations whose excessive dependence upon the object is in frank conflict with the conscious attitude. The form of neurosis is a compulsion-neurosis, exhibiting symptoms that are partly hypochondriacal manifestations, partly hypersensibility of the sense organs and partly compulsive ties to definite persons or other objects.
Recapitulation of Introverted Irrational Types
¶
The two types just depicted are almost inaccessible to external judgment. Because they are introverted and have in consequence a somewhat meagre capacity or willingness for expression, they offer but a frail handle for a telling criticism. Since their main activity is directed within, nothing is outwardly visible but reserve, secretiveness, lack of sympathy, or uncertainty, and an apparently groundless perplexity. When anything does come to the surface, it usually consists in indirect manifestations of inferior and relatively unconscious functions. Manifestations of such a nature naturally excite a certain environmental prejudice against these types. Accordingly they are mostly underestimated, or at least misunderstood. To the same degree as they fail to understand themselves—because they very largely lack judgment—they are also powerless to understand why they are so constantly undervalued by public opinion. They cannot see that their outward-going expression is, as a matter of fact, also of an inferior character. Their vision is enchanted by the abundance of subjective events. What happens there is so captivating, and of such inexhaustible attraction, that they do not appreciate the fact that their habitual communications to their circle express very, little of that real experience in which they themselves are, as it were, caught up. The fragmentary and, as a rule, quite episodic character of their communications make too great a demand upon the understanding and good will of their circle; furthermore, their mode of expression lacks that flowing warmth to the object which alone can have convincing force. On the contrary, these types show very often a brusque, repelling demeanour towards the outer world, although of this they are quite unaware, and have not the least intention of showing it. We shall form a fairer judgment of such men and grant them a greater indulgence, when we begin to realize how hard it is to translate into intelligible language what is perceived within. Yet this indulgence must not be so liberal as to exempt them altogether from the necessity of such expression. This could be only detrimental for such types. Fate itself prepares for them, perhaps even more than for other men, overwhelming external difficulties, which have a very sobering effect upon the intoxication of the inner vision. But frequently only an intense personal need can wring from them a human expression.
From an extraverted and rationalistic standpoint, such types are indeed the most fruitless of men. But, viewed from a higher standpoint, such men are living evidence of the fact that this rich and varied world with its overflowing and intoxicating life is not purely external, but also exists within. These types are admittedly one sided demonstrations of Nature, but they are an educational experience for the man who refuses to be blinded by the intellectual mode of the day. In their own way, men with such an attitude are educators and promoters of culture. Their life teaches more than their words. From their lives, and not the least from what is just their greatest fault, viz. their incommunicability, we may understand one of the greatest errors of our civilization, that is, the superstitious belief in statement and presentation, the immoderate overprizing of instruction by means of word and method. A child certainly allows himself to be impressed by the grand talk of its parents. But is it really imagined that the child is thereby educated? Actually it is the parents’ lives that educate the child—what they add thereto by word and gesture at best serves only to confuse him. The same holds good for the teacher. But we have such a belief in method that, if only the method be good, the practice of it seems to hallow the teacher. An inferior man is never. a good teacher. But he can conceal his injurious inferiority, which secretly poisons the pupil, behind an excellent method or, an equally brilliant intellectual capacity. Naturally the pupil of riper years desires nothing better than the knowledge of useful methods, because he is already defeated by the general attitude, which believes in the victorious method. He has already learnt that the emptiest head, correctly echoing a method, is the best pupil. His whole environment not only urges but exemplifies the doctrine that all success and happiness are external, and that only the right method is needed to attain the haven of one’s desires. Or is the life of his religious instructor likely to demonstrate that happiness which radiates from the treasure of the inner vision? The irrational introverted types are certainly no instructors of a more complete humanity. They lack reason and the ethics of reason, but their lives teach the other possibility, in which our civilization is so deplorably wanting.
The Principal and Auxiliary Functions
¶
In the foregoing descriptions I have no desire to give my readers the impression that such pure types occur at all frequently in actual practice. The are, as it were, only Galtonesque family-portraits, which sum up in a cumulative image the common and therefore typical characters, stressing these disproportionately, while the individual features are just as disproportionately effaced. Accurate investigation of the individual case consistently reveals the fact that, in conjunction with the most differentiated function, another function of secondary importance, and therefore of inferior differentiation in consciousness, is constantly present, and is a—relatively determining factor.
For the sake of clarity let us again recapitulate: The products of all the functions can be conscious, but we speak of the consciousness of a function only when not merely its application is at the disposal of the will, but when at the same time its principle is decisive for the orientation of consciousness. The latter event is true when, for instance, thinking is not a mere esprit de l’escalier, or rumination, but when its decisions possess an absolute validity, so that the logical conclusion in a given case holds good, whether as motive or as guarantee of practical action, without the backing of any further evidence. This absolute sovereignty always belongs, empirically, to one function alone, and can belong only to one function, since the equally independent intervention of another function would necessarily yield a different orientation, which would at least partially contradict the first. But, since it is a vital condition for the conscious adaptation-process that constantly clear and unambiguous aims should be in evidence, the presence of a second function of equivalent power is naturally forbidden’ This other function, therefore, can have only a secondary importance, a fact which is also established empirically. Its secondary importance consists in the fact that, in a given case, it is not valid in its own right, as is the primary function, as an absolutely reliable and decisive factor, but comes into play more as an auxiliary or complementary function. Naturally only those functions can appear as auxiliary whose nature is not opposed to the leading function. For instance, feeling can never act as the second function by the side of thinking, because its nature stands in too strong a contrast to thinking. Thinking, if it is to be real thinking and true to its own principle, must scrupulously exclude feeling. This, of course, does not exclude the fact that individuals certainly exist in whom thinking and feeling stand upon the same level, whereby both have equal motive power in con~sdousness. But, in such a case, there is also no question of a differentiated type, but merely of a relatively undeveloped thinking and feeling. Uniform consciousness and unconsciousness of functions is, therefore, a distinguishing mark of a primitive mentality.
Experience shows that the secondary function is always one whose nature is different from, though not antagonistic to, the leading function : thus, for example, thinking, as primary function, can readily pair with intuition as auxiliary, or indeed equally well with sensation, but, as already observed, never with feeling. Neither intuition nor sensation are antagonistic to thinking, i.e. they have not to be unconditionally excluded, since they are not, like feeling, of similar nature, though of opposite purpose, to thinking—for as a judging function feeling successfully competes with thinking—but are functions of perception, affording welcome assistance to thought. As soon as they reached the same level of differentiation as thinking, they would cause a change of attitude, which would contradict the tendency of thinking. For they would convert the judging attitude into a perceiving one; whereupon the principle of rationality indispensable to thought would be suppressed in favour of the irrationality of mere perception. Hence the auxiliary function is possible and useful only in so far as it serves the leading function, without making any claim to the autonomy of its own principle.
For all the types appearing in practice, the principle holds good that besides the conscious main function there is also a relatively unconscious, auxiliary function which is in every respect different from the nature of the main function. From these combinations well-known pictures arise, the practical intellect for instance paired with sensation, the speculative intellect breaking through with intuition, the artistic intuition which selects. and presents its images by means of feeling judgment, the philosophical intuition which, in league with a vigorous intellect, translates its vision into the sphere of comprehensible thought, and so forth.
A grouping of the unconscious functions also takes place in accordance with the relationship of the conscious functions. Thus, for instance, an unconscious intuitive feeling attitude may correspond with a conscious practical intellect, whereby the function of feeling suffers a relatively stronger inhibition than intuition. This peculiarity, however, is of interest only for one who is concerned with the practical psychological treatment of such cases. But for such a man it is important to know about it. For I have frequently observed the way in which a physician, in the case for instance of an exclusively intellectual subject, will do his utmost to develop the feeling function directly out of the unconscious. This attempt must always come to grief, since it involves too great a violation of the conscious standpoint. Should such a violation succeed, there ensues a really compulsive dependence of the patient upon the physician, a ‘transference’ which can be amputated only by brutality, because such a violation robs the patient of a standpoint—his physician becomes his standpoint. But the approach to the unconscious and to the most repressed function is disclosed, as it were, of itself, and with more adequate protection of the conscious standpoint, when the way of development is via the secondary function—thus in the case of a rational type by way of the irrational function. For this lends the conscious standpoint such a range and prospect over what is possible and imminent that consciousness gains an adequate protection against the destructive effect of the unconscious. Conversely, an irrational type demands a stronger development of the rational auxiliary function represented in consciousness, in order to be sufficiently prepared to receive the impact of the unconscious.
The unconscious functions are in an archaic, animal state. Their symbolical appearances in dreams and phantasies usually represent the battle or coming encounter of two animals or monsters.
Citations
¶
William Blake, Marriage of Heaven and Hell
Semon, Mneme, translated by Louis Simon (London: Allen & Unwin).
Chapter XI: Definitions
¶
It may perhaps seem superfluous that I should add to my text a chapter dealing solely with definitions. But wide experience warns me that, in psychological work especially, one cannot proceed too cautiously when dealing with concepts and expressions; for nowhere do such lamentable conceptual divergences occur, as in the province of psychology, creating only too frequently the most obstinate misunderstandings. This drawback is due not only to the fact that the science of psychology is still in its infancy; but there is also the difficulty that the material of experience, the object of scientific consideration, cannot be displayed in concrete form, as it were, to the eyes of the reader. The psychological investigator is always finding himself obliged to make use of extensive, and in a sense indirect, description for the presentation of the reality he has observed. Only in so far as elementary facts are accessible to number and measure can there be any question of a direct presentation. But how much of the actual psychology of man can be witnessed and observed as mensurable facts? Such facts do exist, in the realm of psychology; indeed my Association Studies have, I think, demonstrated [1] that highly complicated psychological phenomena are none the less accessible to methods of measure. But anyone who has probed more deeply into the nature of psychology, demanding something more of it than science in the wretchedly prescribed limits of a natural science method is able to yield, will also have realized that an experimental method will never succeed in doing justice to the nature of the human soul, nor will it ever trace even an approximately faithful picture of the complicated psychic phenomena.
But, when we leave the realm of mensurable facts, we are dependent upon concepts, which have now to assume the office of measure and number. That precision which exact measurements lend to the observed fact can be replaced only by the precision of the concept. Unfortunately, however, as is only too familiar to every investigator and worker in this field, current psychological concepts are involved in such uncertainty and ambiguity that mutual understanding is almost impossible. One has only to take the concept ‘feeling’, for instance, and attempt to visualize everything that this idea contains, to get some sort of notion of the variability and ambiguity of psychological concepts. Nevertheless this concept does express something characteristic that is certainly inaccessible to rule and number and yet conceivably existing. One cannot simply resign oneself, as Wundt does in his physiological psychology, to a mere denial of the validity of such facts as essential basic phenomena, whereby they are either replaced by elementary facts or again resolved into such. For by so doing a primary element of psychology is entirely lost.
In order to escape the drawback this overvaluation of the natural science method involves, one is obliged to have recourse to well-defined concepts. But, before we could arrive at such concepts, the collaboration of many would be needed; i.e. the consensus gentium, so to speak, would have to be invoked. But since this is not within the immediate range of possibility, the individual pioneer must at least strive to give his concepts some fixity and precision; and this is best achieved by so elucidating the meaning of the concepts he employs as to put everyone in a position to see what he means by them.
It is in response to this need that I now propose to discuss my principal psychological concepts in alphabetical order, and I must take this opportunity of requesting the reader to refer to these interpretations in every case of doubt. It must, of course, be understood that with these interpretations and definitions I merely wish to establish the sense in which I myself employ the concepts; far be it from me to affirm that such an application is the only possible one under all circumstances, or even the absolutely correct interpretation.
Abstraction
¶
As the word already implies, is the drawing out or isolation of a content (e.g. a meaning or general character, etc.) from a connection, containing other elements, whose combination as a totality is something unique or individual, and therefore inaccessible to comparison. Singularity, uniqueness, and incomparability are obstacles to cognition, hence to the cognitive tendency the remaining elements, though felt to be essentially bound up with the content, must appear irrelevant.
Abstraction, therefore, is that form of mental activity which releases the essential content or fact from its connection with irrelevant elements; it distinguishes it from them, or, in other words, differentiates it. (v. Differentiation). In its wider sense, everything is abstract that is separated from its connection with non-appertaining elements.
Abstraction is an activity belonging to psychological functions in general. There is a thinking which abstracts, just as there is abstracting feeling, sensation, and intuition, (v. these concepts). Abstracting-thinking brings into relief a content that is distinguished from other irrelevant elements by its intellectual, logical qualities. Abstracting-feeling does the same with a content characterized by feeling; similarly with sensation and intuition. Hence, not only are there abstract thoughts but also abstract feelings, which latter are defined by Sully as intellectual, aesthetic, and moral [2]. Nahlowsky adds the religious feeling to these. Abstract feelings would, in my view, correspond with the ‘higher’ or ‘ideal’ feelings of Nahlowsky [3]. I put abstract feelings on the same line as abstract thoughts. Abstract sensation would be aesthetic as distinguished from sensual sensation (v. Sensation), and abstract intuition would be symbolical as opposed to phantastical intuition, (v. Phantasy, and Intuition).
In this work, the concept of abstraction is linked up with the idea of the psycho-energic process involved in it. When I assume an abstracting attitude towards an object, I do not let the object affect me in its totality, but I distinguish a portion of it from its connections, at the same time excluding the irrelevant parts. My purpose is to rid myself of the object as a single and unique whole, and to extract only a portion of it. Awareness of the whole undoubtedly takes place, but I do not plunge myself into this awareness; my interest does not flow out into the totality, but withdraws itself from the object as a whole, bringing the abstracted portion into myself, i.e. into my conceptual world, which is already prepared or constellated for .the purpose of abstracting a part of the object. (It is only by virtue of a subjective constellation of concepts that I possess the power of abstracting from the object). ‘Interest’ I conceive as that energy = libido (v. Libido), which I bestow upon the object as value, or which the object draws from me, even maybe against my will or unknown to myself. I visualize the abstracting process, therefore, as a withdrawal of libido from the object, or as a backflow of value from the object to a subjective, abstract content. Thus, for me, abstraction has the meaning of an energic depreciation of the object. In other words, abstraction can be expressed as an introverting libido-movement.
I call an attitude (v. Attitude) abstracting when it is both introverting and at the same time assimilates to already prepared abstract contents in the subject a certain essential portion of the object The more abstract a content the more unrepresentable it is. I adhere to Kant’s view, which maintains that a concept is the more abstract, “the more it excludes the differences of things” [4], in the sense that abstraction at its highest level is absolutely removed from the object, thereby attaining the extreme limit of unrepresentability. It is this abstraction which I term the idea (v. Idea). Conversely, an abstraction that still possesses representability or obviousness is a concrete (y. Concretism) concept.
Affect
¶
By the term affect we understand a state of feeling characterized by a perceptible bodily innervation on the one hand and a peculiar disturbance of the ideational process on the other [5]. I use emotion as synonymous with affect I distinguish—in contrast to Bleuler (v. Affectivity)—feeling from affect, in spite of the fact that no definite demarcation exists, since every feeling, after attaining a certain strength, releases physical innervations, thus becoming an affect. On practical grounds, however, it is advisable to discriminate affect from feeling, since feeling can be a disposable function, whereas affect is usually not so. Similarly, affect is clearly distinguished from feeling by quite perceptible physical innervations, while feeling for the most part lacks them, or their intensity is so slight that they can only be demonstrated by the finest instruments, as for example the psycho-galvanic phenomenon [6]. Affect becomes cumulative through the sensation of the physical innervations released by it. This perception gave rise to the James-Lang theory of affect, which would make bodily innervations wholly responsible for affects. As opposed to this extreme view, I regard affect as a psychic feeling-state on the one hand, and as a physiological innervation-state on the other; each of which has a cumulative, reciprocal effect upon the other, i.e. a component of sensation is joined to the reinforced feeling, through which the affect is approximated more to sensation (v. Sensation), and differentiated essentially from the state of feeling. Pronounced affects, i.e. affects accompanied by violent physical innervation, I do not assign to the province of feeling but to the realm of the sensation function (v. Function).
Affectivity
¶
Is a concept coined by Bleuler. Affectivity designates and embraces “not only the affects proper, but also the slight feelings or feeling-tones of pain and pleasure.” [7] On the one hand, Bleuler distinguishes from affectivity all sensations and other bodily perceptions, and, on the other, such feelings as may be regarded as inner perception-processes (e.g. the ‘feeling’ of certainty or probability) [8] or indistinct thoughts or discernments (pp. 13 ff.).
Anima—v. Soul
¶
Apperception
¶
Is a psychic process by which a new content is articulated to similar already-existing contents in such a way as to be understood, apprehended, or clear [9]. We discriminate active from passive apperception; the former is a process by which the subject of himself, from his own motives, consciously and attentively apprehends a new content and assimilates it to another content standing in readiness; the latter is a process in which a new content from without (through the senses) or from within (from the unconscious) presses through into consciousness and, to a certain extent, compels attention and apprehension upon itself. In the former case, the accent of activity lies with the ego; in the latter, with the obtruding new content.
Archaism
¶
With this term, I designate the ancient character of psychic contents and functions. By this I do not mean archaistic, i.e. imitated antiquity, as exhibited for instance in the later Roman sculpture or the nineteenth century ‘Gothic’, but qualities which have the character of survival. All those psychological traits can be so described which essentially correspond with the qualities of primitive mentality. It is clear that archaism primarily clings to the phantasies of the unconscious, i.e. to such products of unconscious phantasy-activity as reach consciousness. The quality of the image is archaic when it possesses unmistakable mythological parallels [10]. The analogy-associations of unconscious phantasy are archaic, as is their symbolism (v. Symbol). The relation of identity with the object (v. Identity), or “participation mystique” (q.v.) is archaic. Concretism of thought and feeling is archaic. Compulsion and inability for self-control (being carried away) are also archaic. That condition in which the psychological functions are fused or merged one into the other (v. Differentiation) is archaic—the fusion, for instance, of thinking with feeling, feeling with sensation, or feeling with intuition. Furthermore, the coalescence of parts of a function (‘audition coloriée’), ambitendency and ambivalency (Bleuler), i.e. the state of fusion with its counterpart, e.g. positive with negative feeling, is also archaic.
Assimilation
¶
Is the absorption or joining up of a new conscious content to already prepared subjective material [11], whereby the similarity of the new content with the waiting subjective material is specially emphasized, even to the prejudice of the independent quality of the new content [12]. Fundamentally, assimilation is a process of apperception (v. Apperception), which, however, is distinguished from pure apperception by this element of adjustment to the subjective material. It is in this sense that Wundt says [13]: “This method of acquisition (viz. assimilation) stands out most obviously in representations where the assimilating elements arise through reproduction and the assimilated material through a direct sense-impression. For then the elements of memory-images are transferred, as it were, into the outer object, which is especially the case when the object and the reproduced elements differ so considerably from each other that the completed sense-perception appears as an illusion, deceiving us as to the actual nature of things.”
I employ assimilation in a somewhat broader sense, namely as the adjustment of object to subject in general, and with it I contrast dissimilation, which represents the adjustment of subject to object, and a consequent estrangement of the subject from himself in favour of the object, whether it be an external object or a ‘psychological’ or inner object, as for instance an idea.
Attitude (Einstellung)
¶
This concept is a relatively recent acquisition to psychology. It originated with Müller and Schumann [14]. Whereas Kulpe [15] defines attitude as a predisposition of the sensory or motor centres to a definite stimulation or persistent impulse, Ebbinghaus [16] conceives it in a wider sense as a phenomenon of exercise, introducing an air of the customary into the individual act which deviates from the customary. Our use of the concept proceeds, from Ebbinghaus’ conception of attitude. For us, attitude is a readiness of the psyche to act or to react in a certain direction. It is precisely for the psychology of complex psychic phenomena that the concept is so important, since it provides an expression for that peculiar psychological phenomenon wherein we find certain stimuli exercising a powerful effect on one occasion, while their effect is either weak or wholly absent on another. To have a certain attitude means to be ready for something definite, even though this definite something is unconscious, since having an attitude is synonymous with an a priori direction towards a definite thing, whether this be present in consciousness or not. The state of readiness, which I conceive attitude to be, always consists in the presence of a certain subjective constellation, a definite combination of psychic factors or contents, which will either determine action in this or that definite direction, or will comprehend an external stimulus in this or that definite way. Active apperception (q.v.) is impossible without an attitude. An attitude always has an objective; this can be either con-scious or unconscious, since in the act of apperceiving a new content a prepared combination of contents unfailingly emphasizes those qualities or motives which appear to belong to the subjective content Hence a selection or judgment takes place which excludes the irrelevant. As to what is, and what is not, relevant is decided by the already orientated combination or constellation of contents. Whether the attitude’s objective be conscious or unconscious is immaterial to its selective effect, since the choice is already given a priori through the attitude, and therefore follows automatically. It is useful, however, to distinguish between conscious and unconscious, since the presence of two attitudes is extremely frequent, the one conscious and the other unconscious. Which means to say that the conscious has a preparedness of contents different from that of the unconscious. This duality of attitude is particularly evident in neurosis.
There is a certain kinship between the concept of attitude and the apperception concept of Wundt, though with this difference, that the idea of apperception includes the process of relating the already prepared content toˆthe new content to be apperceived, while the concept of attitude relates exclusively to the subjectively prepared content. Apperception is, as it were, the bridge which connects the already present and prepared content with the new content, the attitude being, in a sense, the end-pier or abutment of the bridge upon the one bank, while the new content represents the abutment upon the other bank. Attitude signifies an expectation, an expectation always operates selectively—it gives direction. The presence of a strongly toned content in the field of consciousness forms (sometimes together with other contents) a certain constellation which is synonymous with a definite attitude, because such a conscious content favours the perception and apperception of everything similar, and inhibits the dissimilar. It creates an attitude corresponding with it This automatic phenomenon is an essential cause of the onesidedness of conscious orientation. It would lead to a complete loss of equilibrium if there were no self-regulating, compensatory (q.v.) function in the psyche to correct the conscious attitude. Thus in this sense the duality of the attitude is a normal phenomenon, which plays ‘a disturbing rôle only when conscious one-sidedness becomes excessive.
As ordinary attention, the attitude can be either a relatively unimportant subsidiary phenomenon or a general principle determining the whole psyche. From disposition, environmental influence, education, general experience, or conviction a constellation of contents may be habitually present, continually moulding a certain attitude which may operate even down to the most minute details of life. Every man who has a special sense of the unpleasant side of life will naturally have an attitude of constant readiness for the disagreeable. This excessive conscious attitude is counterbalanced by an unconscious attitude for pleasure. The oppressed individual has a conscious attitude that always anticipates oppression; he selects this factor in experience; everywhere he scents it out; and in so doing his unconscious attitude makes for power and superiority. The total psychology of the individual even in its various basic characters is orientated by the nature of his habitual attitude. In spite of the fact that general psychological laws are operative in every individual, they cannot be said to be characteristic of the individual, since the nature of their operation varies completely in accordance with the nature of the general attitude. The general attitude is always a resultant of all the factors that can have an essential influence upon the psyche, such as inborn disposition, education, milieu-influences, experience of life, insight and convictions gained through differentiation (q.v.), collective ideas, etc. Without the absolutely fundamental importance of attitude, there would be no question of the existence of an individual psychology. But the general attitude effects such immense displacements of energy, and so modifies the relations between individual functions, that resultants are produced which frequently bring the validity of general psychological laws into question. In spite of the fact, for instance, that a certain measure of activity is held to be indispensable for the sexual function both on physiological and psychological grounds, individuals certainly exist who, without injury to themselves, i.e. without pathological phenomena and without any demonstrable restriction of productive power, can, to a very great extent, dispense with it; while, in other cases, quite insignificant deprivations or disturbances in this region may involve very considerable general consequences. How potent individual differences can be is seen perhaps most clearly in questions of likes and dislikes. Here practically all rules go by the board. What is there, in the last resort, which has not at one time given man pleasure, while at another has caused him pain? Every instinct, every function can be subordinated to other instincts and functions and act as a servant. The ego or power-instinct can make sexuality its serviceable subject, or sexuality make use of the ego. Thinking may over-run everything else, or feeling swallow up thinking and sensation, all in obedience to the attitude.
Au fond, the attitude is an individual phenomenon and is inaccessible to the scientific method of approach. In actual experience, however, certain attitude-types can be discriminated in so far as certain psychic functions can also be differentiated. When a function habitually predominates, a typical attitude is thereby produced. In accordance with the nature of the differentiated function, constellations of contents take place which create a corresponding attitude. Thus there exist a typical thinking, a feeling, a sensational, and an intuitive attitude. Besides these purely psychological attitude-types, whose number might possibly be increased, there are also social types, namely, those for whom a collective idea expresses the brand. They are characterized by the various ‘-isms’. These collective attitudes are, at all events, very important in certain cases, even outweighing in significance the purely individual attitude.
Collective
¶
All those psychic contents I term collective which are peculiar not to one individual, but to many, at the same time, i.e. either to a society, a people, or to mankind in general. Such contents are the “mystical collective ideas” (“représentations collectives”) of the primitive described by Lévy-Bruhl [17]; they include also the general concepts of right, the State, religion, science, etc., current among civilized man. It is not only concepts and ways of looking at things, however, which must be termed collective, but also feelings. Lévy-Bruhl shows that for the primitives collective ideas also represent collective feelings. By virtue of this collective feeling value he also terms the “représentations collectives”, ‘mystiques’ since these representations are not merely intellectual but also emotional [18]. With civilized peoples, collective feelings are also bound up with certain collective ideas, such for example as the idea of God, justice, fatherland, etc. The collective character does not merely cling to individual psychic elements, it also involves whole functions (q.v.). Thus, for instance, thinking can have the character of a wholly collective function, in so far as it possesses a generally valid quality, when, for example, it agrees with the laws of logic. Feeling can also be a wholly collective function, in so far as it is identical with the general feeling, when, in other words, it corresponds with general expectations or with the general moral consciousness. In the same way, that sensation or manner of sensing, and that intuition, are collective which are peculiar to a large group of men at the same time. The antithesis of collective is individual (q.v.).
Compensation
¶
Means a balancing or supplementing. This concept was actually introduced [19] into the psychology of the neuroses by Adler [20]. He understands by it a functional adjustment of the feeling of inferiority by a compensating psychological system, comparable to the compensating development of organs in organic inferiority [21]. Thus Adler says: “For these inferior organs and organ-systems the struggle with the outer world begins with the release from the maternal organism, a struggle which must necessarily break out and declare itself with greater violence than ever occurs in the more normally developed apparatus. At the same time, however, the foetal character provides an enhanced possibility for compensation and overcompensation, increases the capacity for adaptation to ordinary and extraordinary resistances, and ensures the formation of new and higher forms and achievements.” [22]. The neurotic’s inferiority-feeling, which according to Adler corresponds aetiologically with an organ-inferiority, brings about an “auxiliary construction” [23]; in other words, a compensation, which consists in the setting-up of a fiction to balance the inferiority. The fiction or “fictitious guiding line” is a psychological system which seeks to convert the inferiority into a superiority. This conception gains significance in the undeniable existence—for we have all experienced it—of a compensating function in the sphere of psychological processes. It corresponds with a similar function in the physiological sphere, namely, the self-regulation or self-direction of the living organism.
Whereas Adler restricts his concept of compensation to a mere balancing of the feeling of inferiority, I conceive it as a general functional adjustment, an inherent self-regulation of the psychic apparatus [24]. In this sense, I regard the activity of the unconscious (q.v.) as a compensation to the onesidedness of the general attitude produced by the function of consciousness. Psychologists often compare consciousness to the eye: we speak of a visual-field and of a focal point of consciousness. The nature of consciousness is aptly characterized by this simile: only a few contents can attain the highest grade of consciousness at the same time, and only a limited number of contents can be held at the same time in the conscious field. The activity of the conscious is selective. Selection demands direction. But direction requires the exclusion of everything irrelevant. On occasion, therefore, a certain onesidedness of the conscious orientation is inevitable. The contents that are excluded and inhibited by the chosen direction sink into the unconscious, where by virtue of their effective existence they form a definite counterweight against the conscious orientation. The strengthening of this counterposition keeps pace with the intensification of the conscious onesidedness until finally a noticeable tension is produced. This tension involves a certain inhibition of the conscious activity which can assuredly be broken down by increased conscious effort. But as time goes on, the tension becomes so acute that the inhibited unconscious contents begin to break through into consciousness in the form of dreams and spontaneous images. The more onesided the conscious attitude, the more antithetic are the contents arising from the unconscious, so that we may speak of a real opposition between the conscious and the unconscious; in which case, compensation appears in the form of a contrasting function Such a case is extreme. Compensation by the unconscious is, as a rule, not so much a contrast as a levelling up or supplementing of the conscious orientation. In dreams, for instance, the unconscious may supply all those contents which are constellated by the conscious situation, but which are inhibited by conscious selection, although a knowledge of them would be quite indispensable to a complete adaptation.
In the normal condition the compensation is unconscious, i.e. it performs an unconscious regulation of conscious activity. In the neurotic state the unconscious appears in such strong contrast to the conscious that compensation is disturbed. The aim of analytical therapy, therefore, is to make the unconscious contents conscious in order that compensation may be reestablished.
Concretism
¶
By this term I understand a definite peculiarity of thought and feeling which represents the antithesis to abstraction. The actual meaning of concrete is ‘grown together’. A concretely-thought concept is one that has grown together or coalesced with other concepts. Such a concept is not abstract, not isolated, and independently thought, but always impure and related. It is not a differentiated concept, but is still embedded in the sense-conveyed material of perception. Concretistic thinking moves among exclusively concrete concepts and views; it is constantly related to sensation. Similarly concretistic feeling is never free from sensuous relatedness.
Primitive thinking and feeling are exclusively concretistic; they are always related to sensation. The thought of the primitive has no detached independence, but clings to the material phenomenon. The most he can do is to raise it to the level of analogy. Primitive feeling is always equally related to the material phenomenon. His thought and feeling depend upon sensation and are only faintly differentiated from it Concretism, therefore, is an archaism (j.v.). The magical influence of the fetish is not experienced as a subjective state of feeling, but sensed as a magical effect. This is the concretism of feeling. The primitive does not experience the idea of divinity as a subjective content, but the sacred tree is the habitat—nay, even the deity’ himself. This is concretism of thinking. With civilized man, concretism of thought consists in the inability to conceive of anything which differs from the immediately obvious external facts, or in the inability to discriminate subjective feeling from the sense-given object.
Concretism is a concept which falls under the more general concept of “participation mystique” (q.v.). Just as “participation mystique” represents a fusion of the individual with outer objects, so concretism represents a mixing-up of thought and feeling with sensation. It is a state of concretism when the object of thinking and feeling is at the same time also an object of sensation. This coalescence prevents a differentiation of thought and feeling, anchoring both functions within the sphere of sensation, i.e. sensuous relatedness; accordingly they can never be developed into pure functions, but must always remain the mere retainers of sensation. The result of this is a predominance of the factor of sensation in the psychological orientation. (Concerning the importance of the factor of sensation v. Sensation; Types).
The disadvantage of concretism is the subjection of function to sensation. Because sensation is the perception of physiological stimuli, concretism either rivets the function to the sphere of sense or constantly leads it back there. The effect of this is a sensual subjection of the psychological functions, favouring the influence of external facts at the expense of individual psychic autonomy. From the standpoint of the recognition of facts, this orientation is, of course, valuable, but from the standpoint of the interpretation of facts and their relation to the individual it is definitely prejudicial. Concretism produces a state where facts gain the paramount importance, thereby suppressing the individuality and its freedom in favour of the objective process. But since the individual is not only determined by physiological stimuli, but also by factors which may even be opposed to the external fact, concretism effects a projection of these inner factors into the outer fact, thus provoking an almost superstitious overvaluation of mere facts, as is precisely the case with the primitive. A good example of this is seen in Nietzsche, whose concretism of feeling resulted in an excessive valuation of diet; the materialism of Moleschott is a similar instance (“Man is what he eats”). An example of the superstitious overvaluation of facts is also provided by the hypostasizing of the concept of energy in the monism of Ostwald.
Consciousness
¶
By consciousness I understand the relatedness of psychic contents to the ego (v. Ego) in so far as they are sensed as such by the ego [25]. In so far as relations are not sensed as such by the ego, they are unconscious (q.v.). Consciousness is the function or activity [26] which maintains the relation of psychic contents with the ego. Consciousness is not identical with psyche, since, in my view, psyche represents the totality of all the psychic contents, and these are not necessarily all bound up directly with the ego, i.e. related to it in such a way that they take on the quality of consciousness. There exist a great many psychic complexes and these are not all, necessarily, connected with the ego [27].
Constructive
¶
This concept is used by me in an equivalent sense to synthetic, almost in fact as an illustration of the latter concept. Constructive means ‘building up’. I employ ‘constructive’ and ‘synthetic’, in describing a method that is opposed to the reductive [28]. The constructive method is concerned with the elaboration of unconscious products (dreams, phantasies, etc.). It takes the unconscious product as a basis or starting point, as a symbolical (q.v.) expression, which, stretching on ahead as it were, represents a coming phase of psychological development [29]. In this connection, Maeder actually speaks of a prospective function of the unconscious, which half playfully anticipates the future psychological development [30]. Adler, too, recognises an anticipatory function of the unconscious [31]. It is obvious that the product of the unconscious must not be regarded as a finished thing, a sort of end-product; for in this case it would be dispossessed of every practical significance. Even Freud allows the dream a teleological rôle as the “guardian of sleep” [32], although for him its prospective function is essentially restricted to “wishes”. The practical character of unconscious tendencies, however, cannot be disputed a priori, if we are to accept the analogy with other psychological or physiological functions. We conceive the product of the unconscious, therefore, as an expression orientated to a goal or purpose, but characterizing the objective in symbolical metaphor [33].
In accordance with this conception, the constructive method of interpretation is not so much concerned with the basic sources underlying the unconscious product, or with the mere raw materials as such, as it is with the aim to raise the symbolical product to a general and comprehensible expression [34]. The free associations of the unconscious product are thus considered with a view to a psychological objective and not from the standpoint of derivation. They are viewed from the angle of future action or inaction; their relation to the conscious situation is thereby scrupulously considered, for with the compensatory conception of the unconscious its activity has an essentially supplementary significance for the conscious situation. Since it is now a question of an anticipatory orientation, the actual relation to the object does not loom so large as in the reductive procedure, which is preoccupied with the actual past relations with the object. It is much more a question of the subjective attitude, in which the object merely signifies a sign of the subjective tendencies. The aim of the constructive method, therefore, is the production of a meaning from the unconscious product which is definitely related to the subject’s future attitude. Since, as a rule, the unconscious has the power of shaping only symbolical expressions, the constructive method seeks to elucidate the symbolically expressed meaning in such a way that a correct indication is supplied to the conscious orientation, whereby the subject may discover that harmony with the unconscious which his future action requires.
Thus, just as no psychological method of interpretation is based exclusively upon the association-material of the analysant, the constructive method also makes use of certain comparative material. And, just as the reductive interpretation employs parallels drawn from biological, physiological, literary, folk-lore, and other sources, the constructive treatment of the intellectual problem is dependent upon philosophical parallels, while the intuitive problem is referred to parallels in mythology and the history of religion.
The constructive method is necessarily individualistic, since a future collective attitude is developed only through the individual. The reductive method is, on the contrary, collective, since it leads back from the individual case to general basic attitudes or facts. The constructive method can be directly applied also by the subject upon his own material. In this latter case it is an intuitive method, devoted to the elucidation of the general meaning of an unconscious product This elucidation succeeds through an associative (hence not actively apperceptive; q.v.) articulation of wider material, which so enriches and deepens the symbolical expression of the unconscious that it eventually attains a degree of clarity through which it can become comprehensible to consciousness. Through this enriching of the symbolical expression it becomes interwoven with more universal associations, and is therewith assimilated;
Differentiation
¶
Means the development of differences, the separation of parts from a whole. In this work I employ the concept chiefly in respect to psychological functions. So long as one function is still so merged with one or more of the other functions—as for example thinking with feeling, or feeling with sensation, etc.—as to be quite unable to appear alone, it is in an archaic (q.v.) state, and therefore undifferentiated, i.c. it is not separated out as a special part from the whole having its own independent existence. An undifferentiated thinking is incapable of thinking apart from other functions, i.e. it is constantly mixed up with sensations, feelings, or intuitions; such thinking may, for instance, become blended with sensations and phantasies, as exemplified in the sexualization (Freud) of feeling and thinking in neurosis. The undifferentiated function is also commonly characterized by the qualities of ambivalency and ambitendency [35], i.e. every positive brings with it an equally strong negative, whereby characteristic inhibitions spring up in the application of the undifferentiated function. Such a function suffers also from a fusing together of its individual parts; thus an undifferentiated faculty of sensation, for instance, is impaired through an amalgamation of the separate spheres of sensation (“audition coloriée”), and undifferentiated feeling through confounding hatred with love. Just so far as a function is wholly or mainly unconscious is it also undifferentiated, i.e. it is not only fused together in its parts but also merged with other functions.
Differentiation consists in the separation of the selected function from other functions, and in the separation of its individual parts from each other. Without differentiation direction is impossible, since the direction of a function is dependent upon the isolation and exclusion of the irrelevant. Through fusion with what is irrelevant, direction becomes impossible’; only a differentiated function proves itself capable of direction.
Dissimilation: v. Assimilation
¶
Ego
¶
By ego, I understand a complex of representations which constitutes the centrum of my field of consciousness and appears to possess a very high degree of continuity and identity. Hence I also speak of an ego-complex [36].
The ego-complex is as much a content as it is a condition of consciousness (?.v.), since a psychic element is conscious to me just in so far as it is related to my ego-complex. But, inasmuch as the ego is only the centrum of my field of consciousness, it is not identical with the totality of my psyche, being merely a complex among other complexes. Hence I discriminate between the ego and the Self, since the ego is only the subject of my consciousness, while the Self is the subject of my totality: hence it also includes the unconscious psyche. In this sense the Self would be an (ideal) factor which embraces and includes the ego. In unconscious phantasy the Self often appears as a super-ordinated or ideal personality, as Faust in relation to Goethe and Zarathustra to Nietzsche. In the effort of idealization the archaic features of the Self are represented as practically severed from the ‘higher’ Self, as in the figure of Mephisto with Goethe or in that of Epimetheus with Spitteler. In the Christian psychology the severance is extreme in the figures of Christ and the devil or Anti-Christ; while with Nietzsche Zarathustra discovers his shadow in the ‘ugliest man’.
Emotion v. Affect
¶
Enantiodromia
¶
Means ‘a running counter to’. In the philosophy of Heraclitus [38] this concept is used to designate the play of opposites in the course of events, namely, the view which maintains that everything that exists goes over into its opposite. “From the living comes death, and from the dead, life; from the young, old age; and from the old, youth; from waking, sleep; and from sleep, waking; the stream of creation and decay never stands still.” [38] “Construction and destruction, destruction and construction—this is the norm which rules in every circle of natural life from the smallest to the greatest. Just as the cosmos itself emerged from the primal fire, so must it return once more into the same a double process running its measured course through vast periods, a drama eternally re-enacted.” [39]
This is the enantiodromia of Heraclitus in the words of qualified interpreters. There are abundant sayings from the mouth of Heraclitus himself which express the same view. Thus he says:
“Even Nature herself striveth after the opposite, bringing harmony not from like things, but from contrasts.” “When they are born, they prepare to live, and therewith to suffer death.” “For souls it is death to become water, for water death to become earth. From the earth cometh water, and from water soul.” “Everywhere mutual exchange; the All in exchange for fire, and fire in exchange for the All, just as gold for wares and wares for gold.”
In a psychological application of his principle Heraclitus says: “Let ye never lack riches, O Ephesians, lest your depravity cometh to the light.” [40]
I use the term enantiodromia to describe the emergence of the unconscious opposite, with particular relation to its chronological sequence. This characteristic phenomenon occurs almost universally wherever an extreme, onesided tendency dominates the conscious life; for this involves the gradual development of an equally strong, unconscious counterposition, which first becomes manifest in an inhibition of conscious activities, and subsequently leads to an interruption of conscious direction. A good example of enantiodromia is seen in the psychology of Saul of Tarsus and his conversion to Christianity; as also in the story of the conversion of Raymond Lully; [41] in the Christ-identification of the sick Nietzsche with his deification and subsequent hatred of Wagner; in the transformation of Swedenborg from scholar into seer, etc.
Extraversion
¶
Means an outward-turning of the libido (q.v.). With this concept I denote a manifest relatedness of subject to object in the sense of a positive movement of subjective interest towards the object. Everyone in the state of extraversion thinks, feels, and acts in relation to the object, and moreover in a direct and clearly observable fashion, so that no doubt can exist about his positive dependence upon the object. In a sense, therefore, extraversion is an outgoing transference of interest from the subject to the object. If it is an intellectual extraversion, the subject thinks himself into the object; if a feeling extraversion, then the subject feels himself into the object. The state of extraversion means a strong, if not exclusive, determination by the object. One should speak of an active extraversion when deliberately willed, and of a passive extraversion when the object compels it, i.e. attracts the interest of the subject of its own accord, even against the tatter’s intention. Should the state of extraversion become habitual, the extroverted type (v. Type) appears.
Feeling (Fühlen)
¶
I count feeling among the four basic psychological functions. I am unable to support the psychological school that regards feeling as a secondary phenomenon dependent upon “presentations” or sensations, but in company with Höffding, Wundt, Lehmann, Külpe, Baldwin, and others, I regard it as an independent function sui generis. [42]
Feeling is primarily a process that takes place between the ego and a given content, a process, moreover, that imparts to the content a definite value in the sense of acceptance or rejection (‘like’ or ‘dislike’); but it can also appear, as it were, isolated in the form of ‘mood’, quite apart from the momentary contents of consciousness or momentary sensations. This latter process may be causally related to previous conscious contents, though not necessarily so, since, as psychopathology abundantly proves, it can take origin equally well from unconscious contents. But even the mood, whether it be regarded as a general or only a partial feeling, signifies a valuation; not, however, a valuation of one definite, individual, conscious content, but of the whole conscious situation at the moment, and, once again, with special reference to the question of acceptance or rejection.
Feeling, therefore, is an entirely subjective process, which may be in every respect independent of external stimuli, although chiming in with every sensation [43]. Even an ‘indifferent’ sensation possesses a ‘feeling tone’, namely, that of indifference, which again expresses a certain valuation. Hence feeling is also a kind of judging, differing, however, from an intellectual judgment, in that it does not aim at establishing an intellectual connection but is solely concerned with the setting up of a subjective criterion of acceptance or rejection. The valuation by feeling extends to every content of consciousness, of whatever kind it may be. When the intensity of feeling is increased an affect (v. Affect) results, which is a state of feeling accompanied by appreciable bodily innervations. Feeling is distinguished from affect by the fact that it gives rise to no perceptible physical innervations, i.e. just as much or as little as the ordinary thinking process.
Ordinary ‘simple’ feeling is concrete (q.v.), i.e. it is mixed up with other function-elements, frequently with sensation for instance. In this particular case we might term it affective, or (as in this book, for instance) feeling-sensation, by which a well-nigh inseparable blending of feeling with sensation elements is to be understood. This characteristic fusion is universally present where feeling is still an undifferentiated function, hence most evidently in the psyche of a neurotic with a differentiated thinking.
Although feeling is an independent function in itself, it may lapse into a state of dependence upon another function, upon thinking, for instance; whereby a feeling is produced which is merely kept as an accompaniment to thinking, and is not repressed from consciousness only in so far as it fits in with the intellectual associations. It is important to distinguish abstract feeling from ordinary concrete feeling. For, just as the abstract concept (v. Thinking) does away with the differences of the things embraced in it, so abstract feeling, by being raised above the differences of the individual feeling-values, establishes a ‘mood’, or state of feeling, which embraces and therewith abolishes the different individual values. Thus, just as thinking marshals the conscious contents under concepts, feeling arranges them according to their value. The more concrete the feeling, the more subjective and personal the value it confers; but the more abstract it is, the more general and objective is the value it bestows. Just as a completely abstract concept no longer coincides with the individuality and peculiarity of things, only revealing their universality and indistinctness, so too the completely abstract feeling no longer coincides with the individual instant and its feeling quality but only with the totality of all instants and their indistinctness. Accordingly, feeling like thinking is a rational function, since, as is shown by experience, values in general are bestowed according to the laws of reason, just as concepts in general are framed after the laws of reason.
Naturally the essence of feeling is not characterized by the foregoing definitions : they only serve to convey its external manifestations. The conceptual capacity of the intellect proves incapable of formulating the real nature of feeling in abstract terms, since thinking belongs to a category quite incommensurable with feeling. In fact, no basic psychological function whatsoever can be completely expressed by any other one. This circumstance is responsible for the fact that no intellectual definition will ever be able to render the specific character of feeling in any adequate measure. The mere fact that feelings are classified adds nothing to the understanding of their nature, because even the most exact classification will be able to yield only that intellectually seizable content to which or with which feelings appear connected, but without thereby apprehending the specific nature of feeling. Thus, however many varying and intellectually seizable classes of contents there may be, just as many feelings can be differentiated, without ever arriving at an exhaustive classification of feelings themselves; because, beyond every possible class of contents accessible to the intellect, there still exist feelings which are beyond intellectual classification. The very idea of a classification is intellectual and therefore incommensurable with the nature of feeling. Hence, we must content ourselves with our attempts to define the limits of the concept.
The nature of a feeling-valuation may be compared with intellectual apperception as an apperception of value. An active and a passive feeling-apperception can be distinguished. The passive feeling-act is characterized by the fact that a content excites or attracts the feeling; it compels a feeling-participation on the part of the subject The active feeling-act, on the contrary, confers value from the subject—it is a deliberate evaluation of contents in accordance with feeling and not in accordance with intellectual intention. Hence active feeling is a directed function, an act of will, as for instance loving as opposed to being in love. This latter state would be undirected, passive feeling, as, indeed, the ordinary colloquial term suggests, since it describes the former as activity and the latter as a condition. Undirected feeling is feeling-intuition. Thus, in the stricter sense, only the active, directed feeling should be termed rational: the passive is definitely irrational, since it establishes values without voluntary participation, occasionally even against the subject’s intention.
When the total attitude of the individual is orientated by the function of feeling, we speak of a feeling-type (v. Type).
Feeling-into (Einfühlung)
¶
Is an introjection (q.v.) of the object into the ego. For the fuller description of the concept of feeling-into, see text of Chapter vii (v. also Projection).
Function
¶
By psychological function I understand a certain form of psychic activity that remains theoretically the same under varying circumstances. From the energic standpoint a function is a phenomenal form of libido (q.v.) which theoretically remains constant, in much the same way as physical force can be considered as the form or momentary manifestation of physical energy. I distinguish four basic functions in all, two rational and two irrational—viz. thinking and feeling, sensation and intuition. I can give no a priori reason for selecting just these four as basic functions; I can only point to the fact that this conception has shaped itself out of many years’ experience.
I differentiate these functions from one another, because they are neither mutually relatable nor mutually reducible. The principle of thinking, for instance, is absolutely different from the principle of feeling, and so forth. I make a capital distinction between this concept of function and phantasy-activity, or reverie, because, to my mind, phantasying is a peculiar form of activity which can manifest itself in all the four functions.
In my view, both will and attention are entirely secondary psychic phenomena.
Idea
¶
In this work the concept of idea is sometimes used to designate a certain psychological element intimately connected with what I term image (q.v.). The image may be either personal or impersonal in its origin. In the latter case, it is collective and is distinguished by mythological qualities. I then term it primordial image. When, on the contrary, it has no mythological character, i.e. lacks the intuitive qualities and is merely collective, I speak of an idea. Accordingly I employ the term idea as something which expresses the meaning of a primordial image that has been abstracted or detached from the concretism of the image. In so far as the idea is an abstraction, it has the appearance of something derived, or developed, from elementary factors, a product of thinking. This is the sense, as something secondary and derived, in which it is regarded by Wundt [44] and many others. Since, however, the idea is merely the formulated meaning of a primordial image in which it was already symbolically represented, the essence of the idea is not merely derived, or produced, but, considered psychologically, it has an a priori existence as a given possibility of thought-connections in general. Hence, in accordance with its nature (not with its formulation), the idea is an a priori existing and determining psychological factor. In this sense Plato sees the idea as a primordial image of things, while Kant defines it as the “archetype of the use of the mind”; hence it is a transcendent concept which, as such, transcends the limit of experienceable things [45]. It is a concept demanded by reason, “whose object can never be met with in experience” [46]. Kant says:
“For, although we are bound to say of transcendent reasonal concepts They are only ideas, yet are we in no way justified in regarding them as superfluous and unreal. For, although no object can be determined by them, nevertheless fundamentally and unperceived they can serve the mind as canons for its extended and harmonious use, whereby it discerns no object more acutely than it would according to its own concepts, yet is guided in this discernment in a better and broader approach. Not to mention the fact that they may, perhaps, bring about a transition from natural ideas to practical concepts, even providing moral ideas with a certain associative texture of the speculative findings of reason”. [47]
Schopenhauer says:
“By idea I understand every definite and established grade of the objectification of will, in so far as it is a thing-in-itself and, therefore, removed from multiplicity; such grades, moreover, are related to individual things as their eternal forms or prototypes”. [48]
With Schopenhauer, however, the idea is plastic in character, because he conceives it wholly in the sense of what I describe as primordial image; it is, however, indiscernible to the individual, revealing itself only to the “pure Subject of cognition”, which is raised above will and individuality (§ 49).
Hegel completely hypostasizes the idea, and gives it the attribute of the only real existence. It is “the concept, the reality of the concept and the one-ness of both”. [49] It is “eternal generation”. [50]
Lasswitz regards the idea as a “law indicating the direction, in which our experience should develop”. It is the “most certain and supreme reality”. [51]
With Cohen, the idea is the “self-consciousness of the concept”, the “foundation” of being [52].
I do not wish to multiply further evidence to establish the primary nature of the idea. These quotations should sufficiently demonstrate that the idea is conceived also as a fundamental, a priori existent factor. It possesses this latter quality from its antecedent, the’ primordial, symbolical image (q.v.). Its secondary nature of an abstract and derived entity it receives from the rational elaboration to which the primordial image is subjected before it is made suitable for rational usage. Inasmuch as the primordial image is a constant autochthonic psychological factor repeating itself in all times and places, we might also, in a certain sense, say the same of the idea, although, on account of its rational nature, it is much more subject to modification by rational elaboration, which in its turn is strongly influenced by time and circumstance. It is this rational elaboration which gives it formulations corresponding with the spirit of the time. A few philosophers, by virtue of its derivation from the primordial image, ascribe a transcendent quality to it; this does not really belong to the idea as I conceive it, but rather to the primordial image, about which a timeless quality clings, established as it is from all time as an integral and inherent constituent of the human mind. Its quality of independence is derived also from the primordial image which was never made and is constantly present, appearing so spontaneously in perception that we might also say it strives independently towards its own realization, since it is sensed by the mind as an actively determining power. Such a view, however, is not general, but presumably a question of attitude (v. Chap. vii). The idea is a psychological factor which not only determines thought but, in the form of a practical idea, also conditions feeling. As a general rule, however, I only employ the term idea, either when I am speaking of the determination of thought in a thinking-type, or when denoting the determination of feeling in a feeling-type. On the other hand, it is terminologically correct to speak of determination by the primordial image, when we are dealing with an a priori determination of an undifferentiated function.
The dual nature of the idea, as something that is at the same time both primary and secondary, is responsible for the fact that the expression is occasionally used promiscuously with ‘primordial image’. For the introverted attitude the idea is the primum movens; for the extraverted, it is a product.
Identification
¶
This term connotes a psychological process in which the personality is either partially or totally dissimilated (v. Assimilation) from itself. Identification is an estrangement of the subject from himself in favour of an object in which the subject is, to a certain extent, disguised. For example, identification with the father practically signifies an adoption of the ways and manners of the father, as though the son were the same as the father and not a separate individual. Identification is distinguished from imitation by the fact that identification is an unconscious imitation, whereas imitation is a conscious copying.
Imitation is an indispensable expedient for the developing personality of youth. It has a beneficial effect so long as it does not merely serve as a means of accommodation, thus hindering the development of a suitable individual method. Similarly, identification may be progressive in so far as the individual way is not yet available. But, whenever a better individual possibility presents itself, identification manifests its pathological character by proving henceforth just as great a hindrance as before it was unwittingly supporting and beneficial. For now it has a dissociating influence, dividing the subject into two mutually estranged personalities. Identification is not always related to persons but also to things (for instance, a spiritual movement, or a business, etc.) and to psychological functions. In fact, the latter case is particularly important (cf. Chap. ii.). Identification, in such a case, leads to the formation of a secondary character, whereby the individual is so identified with his most developed function that he is very largely or even wholly removed from his original character-foundation, so that his real individuality goes into the unconscious. This is nearly always the rule with men who possess one differentiated function. It is, in fact, a necessary transitional stage on the way to individuation.
Identification with the parents or nearest members of the family is a normal phenomenon, in so far as it coincides with the a priori or pre-existing familial, identity. In such a case, it is better not to speak of identification but of identity, a term which corresponds with the actual matter of fact. For identification with members of the family is to be distinguished from identity by the fact, that it is not given as an a priori fact, but arises secondarily only through the following process:—As the individual is developing out of the original familial identity, his process of adaptation and development brings him upon an obstacle which cannot immediately be mastered; a damming-up of libido, accordingly, takes place and gradually seeks a regressive outlet. The regression brings about a revivification of earlier states, among others the state of familial identity. The identification with the members of the family corresponds with this regressive revival of a state of identity which has actually almost been overcome. Every identification with persons takes place in this way. Identification has always a purpose, namely, to obtain an advantage, push aside an obstacle, or solve a task after the manner of another individual.
Identity
¶
I use the term identity in the case of a psychological equality. It is always an unconscious phenomenon, since a conscious equality would necessarily involve the consciousness of two similar things—hence immediately presupposing a separation of subject and object, whereby the phenomenon of identity would be already resolved. Psychological identity presupposes its unconsciousness. I t is a characteristic of the primitive mentality, and is the actual basis of “participation mystique”, which, in reality, is merely a relic of the original psychological non-differentiation of subject and object—hence of the primordial unconscious state. It is, therefore, a characteristic of the early infantile mental condition. Finally, it is also a characteristic of the unconscious content in adult civilized man, which, in so far as it has not become a conscious content, remains permanently in the state of identity with objects. From an identity with the parents proceeds the identification (q.v.) with them; similarly, the possibility of projection and introjection (q.v.) depends upon identity. Identity is primarily an unconscious equality with the object. It is neither an assumption of equality nor an identification, but an a priori equality which has never appeared as an object of consciousness. Upon identity is founded the naive presumption that the psychology of one man is the same as that of another, that the same motive is universally valid, that what is agreeable to me must also be obviously pleasurable for others, and that what is immoral to me must also be immoral for others, and so forth. This state of identity is responsible also for the almost universal desire to correct in others what most demands change in oneself. Upon identity rests the possibility of suggestion and psychic contamination. Identity appears with special distinctness in pathological cases, as for instance in paranoic delusions of ‘influencing’ and persecution, where the patient’s own subjective contents are presumed, as a matter of course, to proceed from others. But identity means also the possibility of a conscious collectivism and a conscious social attitude, which found their loftiest expression in the Christian ideal of brotherly love.
Image
¶
When I speak of image in this book, I do not mean the psychic reflection of the external object, but a concept essentially derived from a poetic figure of speech; namely, the phantasy-image, a presentation which is only indirectly related to the perception of the external object. This image depends much more upon unconscious phantasy-activity, and as the product of such activity it appears more or less abruptly in consciousness, somewhat in the nature of a vision or hallucination but without possessing the pathological character of similar products occurring in a morbid clinical picture. The image has the psychological character of a phantasy-presentation, and never the quasi-real character of hallucination, i.e. it never takes the place of reality, and its character of ‘inner’ image always distinguishes it from sensuous reality. As a rule, it lacks all projection into space, although in exceptional cases it can also appear to a certain extent externalized.
Such a mode of appearance must be termed archaic (q.v.) when it is not primarily pathological, though in no way does this do away with its archaic character. Upon the primitive level, i.e. in the mentality of the primitives, the inner image is easily projected into space as a visual or auditory hallucination without being a pathological phenomenon.
Although, as a rule, no reality-value belongs to the image, its significance for the psychic life is often thereby enhanced, i.e. a greater psychological value clings to it, representing an inner ‘reality’ which occasionally far outweighs the physical importance of ‘external’ reality. In such a case, the orientation of the individual is concerned less with adaptation to reality than with an adaptation to the inner claims.
The inner image is a complex factor, compounded of the most varied material from the most varied sources. It is no conglomerate, however, but an integral product, with its own autonomous purpose. The image is a concentrated expression of the total psychic situation, not merely, nor even preeminently, of unconscious contents pure and simple. It undoubtedly does express the contents of the unconscious, though not the whole of its contents in general, but merely those momentarily constellated. This constellation is the product of the specific activity of the unconscious on the one hand, and of the momentary conscious situation on the other: this always stimulates the activity of associated subliminal material at the same time as it also inhibits the irrelevant. Accordingly the image is equally an expression of the unconscious as of the conscious situation of the moment. The interpretation of its meaning, therefore, can proceed exclusively neither from the unconscious nor from the conscious, but only from their reciprocal relation.
I term the image primordial[53] when it possesses an archaic character. I speak of its archaic character when the image is in striking unison with familiar mythological motives. In this case it expresses material primarily derived from the collective unconscious (q.v.), while, at the same time, it indicates that the momentary conscious situation is influenced not so much from the side of the personal as from the collective.
A personal image has neither archaic character nor collective significance, but expresses contents of the personal unconscious and a personally conditioned, conscious situation.
The primordial image (elsewhere also termed the ‘archetype’ [54]) is always collective, i.e. it is at least common to entire nations or epochs. In all probability the most important mythological motives are common to all times and races; I have, in fact, demonstrated a whole series of motives from Grecian mythology in the dreams and phantasies of thoroughbred negroes suffering from mental disorders [55].
The primordial image is a mnemic deposit, an imprint (“engramm”—Semon), which has arisen through a condensation of innumerable, similar processes. It is primarily a precipitate or deposit, and therefore a typical basic form of a certain ever-recurring psychic experience. As a mythological motive, therefore, it is a constantly effective and continually recurring expression which is either awakened, or appropriately formulated, by certain psychic experiences. The primordial image, then, is the psychic expression of an anatomically and physiologically determined disposition. If one supports the view that a definite anatomical structure is the product of environmental conditions upon living matter, the primordial image in its constant and universal distribution corresponds with an equally universal and continuous external influence, which must, therefore, have the character of a natural law. In this way, the myth could be related to Nature (as, for instance, the solar myths to the daily rising and setting of the sun, or to the equally obvious seasonal changes). But we should still be left with the question as to why the sun, for instance, with its obvious changes, should not appear frank and unveiled as a content of the myth. The fact that the sun, or the moon, or meteorological processes do, at least, appear allegorized, points, however, to an independent collaboration of the psyche, which in this case can be no mere product or imitation of environmental conditions. Then whence this capacity of the psyche to gain a standpoint outside sense-perception?
Whence its capacity for achieving something beyond or different from the verdict of the senses? We are forced to assume, therefore, that the given brain-structure does not owe its particular nature merely to the effect of surrounding conditions, but also and just as much to the peculiar and autonomous quality of living matter, i.e. to a fundamental law of life. The given constitution of the organism, therefore, is on the one hand a product of outer conditions, while on the other it is inherently determined by the nature of living matter. Accordingly, the primordial image is just as undoubtedly related to certain manifest, ever-renewing and therefore constantly effective Nature-processes as it is to certain inner determinants of the mental life and to life in general. The organism confronts light with a new formation, the eye, and the psyche meets the process of Nature with a symbolical image, which apprehends the Nature-process just as the eye catches the light. And in the same way as the eye bears witness to the peculiar and independent creative activity of living matter, the primordial image expresses the unique and unconditioned creative power of the mind.
The primordial image, therefore, is a recapitulatory expression of the living process. It gives a co-ordinating meaning both to the sensuous and to the inner mental perceptions, which at first appear without either order or connection; thereby liberating psychic energy from its bondage to sheer uncomprehended perception. But it also links up the energies, released through the perception of stimuli, to a definite meaning, which serves to guide action along the path which corresponds with this meaning. It loosens unavailable, dammed-up energy, since it always refers the mind to Nature, transforming sheer natural instinct into mental forms.
The primordial image is the preliminary stage of the idea (q.v.) its maternal soil. By detaching from it that concretism which is peculiar and necessary to the primordial image, the reason develops the concept—i.e. the idea—which, moreover, is distinguished from every other concept by the fact that it is not only given by experience but is actually inferred as underlying all experience. The idea possesses this quality from the primordial image, which as the expression of a specific cerebral structure also imparts a definite form to every experience.
The degree of psychological efficacy belonging to the primordial image is determined by the attitude of the individual. When the general attitude is introverted as a result of the withdrawal of libido from the outer object, a reinforcement of the inner object or idea naturally takes place. This produces a very intensive development of ideas along the line unconsciously traced out by the primordial image. In this way the primordial image indirectly reaches the surface. The further course of intellectual development leads to the idea, which is merely the primordial image at the stage of intellectual formulation. Only the development of the counter-function can take the idea further, i.e. when once the idea is apprehended intellectually, it strives to become effective in life. Hence it attracts feeling, which, however, in such a case is much less differentiated, and therefore more concretistic, than thinking. Thus the feeling is impure, and because undifferentiated, is still fused with the unconscious. Hence the individual is unable to reconcile feeling so constituted with the idea. In such a case, the primordial image, appearing in symbolic form in the inner field of vision, embraces, by virtue of its concrete nature, the feeling existing in an undifferentiated, concrete state; but at the same time, by virtue of its intrinsic significance, it also embraces the idea, of which indeed it is the mother—thus reconciling idea with feeling. Hence the primordial image appears in the rôle of mediator, once again proving its redeeming efficacy, a power it has always possessed in the various religions. What Schopenhauer says of the idea, therefore, I would prefer to apply to the primordial image, since the idea—as I have elsewhere observed under ‘Idea’—should not be regarded as something wholly and unconditionally a priori, but also as something derived and developed from antecedents. When, therefore, in the following excerpt I am quoting the words of Schopenhauer, I must ask the reader to replace the word ‘idea’ in the text by ‘primordial image’: he will then be able to understand my meaning:[56]
“The idea is never known by the individual as such, but only by the man who is exalted above all willing and above all individuality to the pure Subject of knowledge: thus it is attainable only by the genius, or by the man who has achieved mainly through the works of genius an elevation of his pure gift of cognition into a temper akin to genius: it is, therefore, not absolutely, but only conditionally, communicable, since the idea conceived and reproduced in an artistic creation, for instance, only appeals to every man according to his intellectual powers”, etc.
“The idea is unity split up into multiplicity by virtue of the temporal and spatial form of our intuitive apprehension.”
“The concept is like an inanimate vehicle, in which the things one deposits lie side by side, but from which no more can be taken out than was put in: the idea, on the contrary, develops within the man who has embraced it conceptions which in relation to its homonymous concept are new: it is like a living, self-developing organism endowed with creative force, bringing forth something that was never put into it.”
Schopenhauer clearly discerned that the ‘idea’, i.e. the primordial image according to my definition, cannot be reached in the way that a concept or ‘idea’ is established (‘idea’ according to Kant corresponds with a “concept derived from notions” [57]), but that there pertains to it an element quite foreign to the formulating reason, rather like Schopenhauer’s “temper akin to genius”, which simply means a state of feeling. For one only reaches the primordial image from the idea because of the fact that the way leading to the idea is carried on over the summit of the idea into the counter-function, feeling.
The primordial image has advantage over the clarity of the idea in its vitality. It is a self-living organism, “endowed with creative force”; for the primordial image is an inherited organization of psychic energy, a rooted system, which is not only an expression of the energic process but also a possibility for its operation. In a sense, it characterizes the way in which the energic process from earliest time has always run its unvarying course, while at the same time enabling a perpetual repetition of the law-determined course to take place; since it provides just that character of apprehension or psychic grasp of situations which continually yields a further continuation of life. It is, therefore, the necessary counterpart of instinct, which is an appropriate form of action also presupposing a grasp of the momentary situation that is both purposeful and suitable. This apprehension of the given situation is vouchsafed by the a priori existing image. It represents the practicable formula without which the apprehension of a new state of affairs would be impossible.
Individual (‘unique-being’)
¶
The psychological individual is characterized by its peculiar, and in certain respects, unique psychology. The peculiar character of the individual psyche appears less in its elements than in its complex formations.
The psychological individual, or individuality, has an a priori unconscious existence, but it exists consciously only in so far as a consciousness of its peculiar nature is present, i.e. in so far as there exists a conscious distinctiveness from other individuals.
The psychic individuality is also given a priori as a correlate of the physical individuality, although, as observed, it is at first unconscious. A conscious process of differentiation (q.v.) is required to bring the individuality to consciousness, i.e. to raise it out of the state of identity with the object. The identity of the individuality with the object is synonymous with its unconsciousness. There is no psychological individual present if the individuality is unconscious, but merely a collective psychology of consciousness. In such a case, the unconscious individuality appears identical with the object, i.e. projected upon the object. The object, in consequence, possesses too great a value and is too powerful a determinant.
Individuality
¶
By individuality I understand the peculiarity and singularity of the individual in every psychological respect. Everything is individual that is not collective, everything in fact that pertains only to one and not to a larger group of individuals. Individuality can hardly be described as belonging to the psychological elements, but rather to their peculiar and unique grouping and combination (v. Individual.)
Individuation
¶
The concept of individuation plays no small rôle in our psychology. In general, it is the process of forming and specializing the individual nature; in particular, it is the development of the psychological individual as a differentiated being from the general, collective psychology. Individuation, therefore, is a process of differentiation, having for its goal the development of the individual personality.
Individuation is, to this extent, a natural necessity, inasmuch as its hindrance, by an extensive or actually exclusive leveling to collective standards, involves a definite injury to individual vital activity. But individuality, both physically and physiologically, is already given; hence it also expresses itself psychologically. An essential check to the individuality, therefore, involves an artificial mutilation. It is at once clear that a social group consisting of deformed individuals cannot for long be a healthy and prosperous institution; since only that society which can preserve its internal union and its collective values, while at the same time granting the greatest possible freedom to the individual, has any prospect of enduring vitality. Since the individual is not only a single, separate being but, by his very existence, also presupposes a collective relationship, the process of individuation must clearly lead to a more intensive and universal collective solidarity, and not to mere isolation.
The psychological process of individuation is clearly bound up with the so-called transcendent junction (q.v.), since it alone can provide that individual line of development which would be quite unattainable upon the ways dictated by the collective norm (v. Symbol).
Under no circumstances can individuation be the unique goal of psychological education. Before individuation can be taken for a goal, the educational aim of adaptation to the necessary minimum of collective standards must first be attained. A plant which is to be brought to the fullest possible unfolding of its particular character must first of all be able to grow in the soil wherein it is planted.
Individuation always finds itself more or less in opposition to the collective norm, since it means a separation and differentiation from the general, and a building up of the particular; not, however, a particularity especially sought, but one with an a priori foundation in the psyche. The opposition to the collective norm, however, is only apparent, since on closer examination the individual standpoint is found to be differently orientated, but not antagonistic to the collective norm. The individual way can never be actually opposed to the collective norm, because the opposite to the latter could only be a contrary norm. But the individual way is never a norm. A norm arises out of the totality of individual ways, and can have a right to existence, and a beneficial effect, only when individual ways, which from time to time have a need to orientate to a norm, are already in existence. A norm serves no purpose when it possesses absolute validity. An actual conflict with the collective norm takes place only when an individual way is raised to a norm, which, moreover, is the fundamental aim of extreme individualism. Such a purpose is, of course, pathological and entirely opposed to life. It has, accordingly, nothing to do with individuation, which, though certainly concerned with the individual by-path, precisely on that account also needs the norm for its orientation towards society, and for the vitally necessary solidarity of the individual with society. Hence individuation leads to a natural appreciation of the collective norm, whereas to an exclusively collective orientation of life the norm becomes increasingly superfluous: whereupon real morality goes to pieces. The more completely a man’s life is moulded and shaped by the collective norm, the greater is his individual immorality.
Individuation is practically the same as the development of consciousness out of the original state of identity (v. Identity). Hence it signifies an extension of the sphere of consciousness, an enriching of the conscious psychological life.
Inferior Function
¶
This term is used to denote the function that remains in arrear in the process of differentiation. For experience shows that it is hardly possible—owing to the inclemency of general conditions—for anyone to bring all his psychological functions to simultaneous development. The very conditions of society enforce a man to apply himself first and foremost to the differentiation of that function with which he is either most gifted by Nature, or which provides his most effective means for social success. Very frequently, indeed as a general rule, a man identifies himself more or less completely with the most favoured, hence the most developed, function. It is this circumstance which gives rise to psychological types. But, as a consequence of such a one-sided process of development, one or more functions necessarily remain backward in development. Such functions, therefore, may be fittingly termed ‘inferior’ in the psychological, though not in the psycho-pathological, sense, since these retarded functions are in no way morbid but merely backward as compared with the more favoured function. As a rule, therefore, the inferior function normally remains conscious, although in neurosis it lapses either partially or principally into the unconscious. For, inasmuch as too great a share of the libido is intercepted by the favoured function, the inferior function undergoes a regressive development, i.e. it returns to its earlier archaic state, therewith becoming incompatible with the conscious and favoured function. When a function that should normally be conscious relapses into the unconscious, the specific energy adhering to this function is also delivered over to the unconscious. A natural function, such as feeling, possesses its own inherent energy: it is a definitely organized living system, which, under no circumstances, can be wholly robbed of its energy.
Through the unconscious condition of the inferior function, its energy-remainder is transferred into the unconscious; whereupon the unconscious becomes unnaturally activated. The result of such activity is a production of phantasy at a level corresponding with the archaic, submerged condition, to which the inferior function has now sunk. Hence an analytical release of such a function from the unconscious can take place only by retrieving those same unconscious phantasy-images which have come to life through the activation of the unconscious function. The process of making such phantasies conscious also brings the inferior function to consciousness, thus providing it with a new possibility of development.
Instinct
¶
When I speak of instinct, whether in this work or elsewhere, I therewith denote what is commonly understood by this word: namely, an impulsion towards certain activities. The impulsion can proceed from an outer or an inner stimulus, which releases the instinctive mechanism either psychically, or through organic roots which lie outside the sphere of psychic causality. Every psychic phenomenon is instinctive which proceeds from no cause postulated by the will, but from dynamic impulsion, irrespective of whether such impulsion has its origin directly in organic, therefore extra-psychic, sources, or is essentially conditioned by the energies whose actual release is effected by the purpose of the will—with the qualification, in the latter case, that the resulting product exceeds the effect intended by the will. According to my ‘view, all those psychic processes over whose energies the conscious has no disposal come within the concept of instinct [58]. Thus, according to this view, affects (q.v.) belong to the instinctive processes just as much as to the processes of feeling (v. Feeling). Psychic processes which, under ordinary circumstances, are functions of the will (thus entirely subject to conscious control), can, in abnormal cases, become instinctive processes through a linking up with unconscious energy. This phenomenon always occurs whenever the conscious sphere is restricted either by repressions of incompatible contents or where, as a result of fatigue, intoxication, or pathological cerebral processes in general, an “abaissement du niveau mentale” (Janet) takes place—where, in a word, the conscious either does not yet control or no longer commands the most strongly toned processes.
Those processes, which were once conscious in an individual but which have gradually become automatized, I might term automatic instead of instinctive processes. Normally, they do not even behave as instincts, since under normal circumstances they never appear as impulsions. They do that only when they receive a tributary of energy which is foreign to them.
Intellect
I call directed thinking (q.v.), intellect.
Introjection
¶
This term was introduced by Avenarius [59] to correspond with projection. The transveying therewith intended, of a subjective content into an object is, however, just as well expressed by the concept of projection. It would, therefore, be as well to retain the term ‘projection’ for this process. Ferenczi has now defined the concept of introjection as the opposite of ‘projection’, namely, as an ‘indrawing’ of the object within the subjective circle of interest, while ‘projection’ means a translation of subjective contents into the object [60]. “Whereas the paranoic expels from his ego emotions which. have become disagreeable, the neurotic helps himself to as large a portion of the outer world as his ego can ingest, and makes this an object of unconscious phantasies.” The former mechanism is projection, the latter introjection. Introjection is a sort of “diluting process”, an “expansion of the circle of interest”. According to Ferenczi, introjection is also a normal process. Psychologically, therefore, it is a process of assimilation (q.v.), while projection is a process of dissimilation. Introjection signifies an adjustment of the object to the subject, while projection involves a discrimination of the object from the subject, by means of a subjective content transveyed into the object.
Introversion
¶
Means a turning inwards of the libido (q.v.), whereby a negative relation of subject to object is expressed. Interest does not move towards the object, but recedes towards the subject. Everyone whose attitude is introverted thinks, feels, and acts in a way that clearly demonstrates that the subject is the chief factor of motivation while the object at most receives only a secondary value. Introversion may possess either a more intellectual or more emotional character, just as it can be characterized by either intuition or sensation. Introversion is active, when the subject wills a certain seclusion in face of the object; it is passive when the subject is unable to restore again to the object the libido which is streaming back from it. When introversion is habitual, one speaks of an introverted type (v. Type).
Introjection is an extraverting process, since for this adjustment to the object a ‘feeling-into’, or possession of, the object is necessary. A passive and an active introjection may be discriminated: to the former belong the transference-processes in the treatment of the neuroses and, in general, all cases in which the object exercises an unconditional attraction upon the subject; while’ feeling-into’, regarded as a process of adaptation, should belong to the latter form.
Intuition
¶
(From intueri = to look into or upon) is, according to my view, a basic psychological function (v. Function). It is that psychological function which transmits perceptions in an unconscious way. Everything, whether outer or inner objects or their associations, Can be the object of this perception. Intuition has this peculiar quality: it is neither sensation, nor feeling, nor intellectual conclusion, although it may appear in any of these forms. Through intuition anyone content is presented as a complete whole, without our being able to explain or discover in what way this content has been arrived at Intuition is a kind of instinctive apprehension, irrespective of the nature of its contents. Like sensation (q.v.) it is an irrational (q.v.) perceptive function. Its contents, like those of sensation, have the character of being given, in contrast to the ‘derived’ or ‘deduced’ character of feeling and thinking contents. Intuitive cognition, therefore, possesses an intrinsic character of certainty and conviction which enabled Spinoza to uphold the ‘scientia intuitiva’ as the highest form of cognition.[61] Intuition has this quality in common with sensation, whose physical foundation is the ground and origin of its certitude. In the same way, the certainty of intuition depends upon a definite psychic matter of fact, of whose origin and state of readiness, however, the subject was quite unconscious.
Intuition appears either in a subjective or an objective form: the former is a perception of unconscious psychic facts whose origin is essentially subjective; the latter is a perception of facts which depend upon subliminal perceptions of the object and upon the thoughts and feelings occasioned thereby.
Concrete and abstract forms of intuition may be distinguished according to the degree of participation on the part of sensation. Concrete intuition carries perceptions which are concerned with the actuality of things, while abstract intuition transmits the perceptions of ideational associations. Concrete intuition is a reactive process, since it follows directly from the given circumstances; whereas abstract intuition, like abstract sensation, necessitates a certain element of direction, an act of will or a purpose.
In common with sensation, intuition is a characteristic of infantile and primitive psychology. As against the strength and sudden appearance of sense-impression it transmits the perception of mythological images, the precursors of ideas (q.v.).
Intuition maintains a compensatory function to sensation, and, like sensation, it is the maternal soil from which thinking and feeling are developed in the form of rational functions. Intuition is an irrational function, notwithstanding the fact that many intuitions may subsequently be split up into their component elements, whereby their origin and appearance can also be made to harmonize with the laws of reason. Everyone whose general attitude is orientated by the principle of intuition, i.e. perception by way of the unconscious, belongs to the intuitive type [62] (v. Type).
According to the manner in which intuition is employed, whether directed within in the service of cognition and inner perception or without in the service of action and accomplishment, the introverted and extraverted intuitive types can be differentiated.
In abnormal cases a well-marked coalescence with, and an equally great determination by, the contents of the collective unconscious declares itself: this may give the intuitive type an extremely irrational and unintelligible appearance.
Irrational
¶
As I make use of this term it does not denote something contrary to reason, but something outside the province of reason, whose essence, therefore, is not established by reason.
Elementary facts belong to this category, e.g. that the earth has a moon, that chlorine is an element, that the greatest density of water is found to be 4.0 centigrade. An accident is also irrational in spite of the fact that it may sustain a subsequent rational explanation.
The irrational is a factor of existence which may certainly be pushed back indefinitely by an increasingly elaborate and complicated rational explanation, but in so doing the explanation finally becomes so extravagant and overdone that it passes comprehension, thus reaching the limits of rational thought long before it can ever span the whole world with the laws of reason. A completely rational explanation of an actually existing object (not one that is merely postulated) is a Utopian ideal. Only an object that has been postulated can also be completely explained on rational grounds, since it has never contained anything beyond what was postulated by rational thinking. Empirical science also postulates rationally limited objects, since its deliberate exclusion of the accidental allows no consideration of the real object as a whole; hence empirical observation is always limited to that same portion of the object which has been selected for rational consideration. Thus, both thinking and feeling as directed functions are rational. When these functions are concerned not with a rationally determined choice of objects, or with the qualities and relations of objects, but with the incidental perceptions which the real object never lacks, they at once lose the quality of direction, and therewith something of their rational character, because they accept the accidental. They begin to be irrational. That thinking or feeling which is directed according to accidental perceptions, and is therefore irrational, is either intuitive or sensational. Both intuition and sensation are psychological functions which achieve their functional fulfillment in the absolute perception of occurrences in general. Hence, in accordance with their nature, their attitude must be set towards every possibility and what is absolutely accidental; they must, therefore, entirely forgo rational direction. Accordingly I term them irrational functions, in contrast to thinking and feeling, which reach perfection only when in complete accord with the laws of reason.
Although the irrational, as such, can never become the object of a science, nevertheless for a practical psychology it is of the greatest importance that the irrational factor should be correctly appraised. For practical psychology stirs up many problems that altogether elude the rational solution and can be settled only irrationally, i.e. they can be solved only in a way that has no correspondence with the laws of reason. An exclusive presumption or expectation that for every conflict there must also exist a possibility of rational adjustment may well prove an insurmountable obstacle to a real solution of an irrational character. (v. Rational).
Libido
¶
In my view, this concept is synonymous with psychic energy [63]. Psychic energy is the intensity of the psychic process—its psychological value. By this I do not mean to imply any imparted value, whether moral, æsthetic, or intellectual; the psychological value is simply conditioned by its determining power, which is manifested in definite psychic operations (‘effects’). Neither do I understand libido as a psychic force, a misunderstanding that has led many critics astray. I do not hypostasize the concept of energy, but employ it as a concept denoting intensity or value. The question as to whether or no a specific psychic force exists has nothing to do with the concept of libido.
Frequently I employ the expression libido promiscuously with ‘energy’. My justification for calling psychic energy libido has been fully gone into in the works referred to in the footnote.
The Objective Plane
¶
When I speak of interpretation upon the objective plane, I am referring to that view of a dream or phantasy by which the persons or conditions appearing therein are referred to objectively real persons or conditions; whereas I speak of the subjective plane (q.v.) when the persons and conditions appearing in a dream are. referred exclusively to subjective elements. The Freudian view of the dream moves almost exclusively upon the objective level, inasmuch as dream-wishes are interpreted as referring to real objects, or are related to sexual processes which fall within the physiological, and therefore extra-psychological, sphere.
Orientation
¶
This term is used to denote the general principle of an attitude (q.v.). Every attitude is orientated by a certain point-of-view, no matter whether that point-of-view be conscious or unconscious. A so-called power-attitude is orientated by the view-point of ego-power exerted against oppressive influences and conditions. A thinking attitude is orientated by the principle of logic as its supreme law; a sensational attitude by the sensuous perception of given facts.
“Participation Mystique”
¶
This term originates with Lévy-Bruhl [64]. It connotes a peculiar kind of psychological connection with the object wherein the subject is unable to differentiate himself clearly from the object to which he is bound by an immediate relation that can only be described as partial identity. This identity is based upon an a priori one-ness of subject and object ” Participation mystique “, therefore, is a vestigial remainder of this primordial condition. It does not apply to the whole subject-object relation, but only to certain cases in which the phenomenon of this peculiar relatedness appears. It is, of course, a phenomenon that is best observed among the primitives; but it occurs not at all infrequently among civilized men, although not with the same range or intensity. Among civilized peoples it usually happens between persons—and only seldom between a person and thing. In the former case it is a so-called state of transference, in which the object (as a general rule) obtains a sort of magical, i.e. unconditional, influence over the subject. In the latter case it is a question of a similar influence on the part of a thing, or else a kind of identification with a thing or the idea of a thing.
Phantasy
¶
By phantasy I understand two different things, namely, (1) phantasm and (2) Imaginative activity. In my writings the context always shows which of these meanings is intended. When the term is used to denote phantasm, it represents a complex that is distinguished from other complexes by the fact that it corresponds with no actual external state of affairs. Although a phantasm may originally be based upon the memory-images of actual experiences, its content corresponds with no external reality; it is merely the output of the creative psychic activity, a manifestation or product of the combination of psychic elements. In so far as psychic energy can be submitted to voluntary direction, phantasy may also be consciously and deliberately produced, as a whole or at least in part. In the former case, it is merely a combination of conscious elements. But such a case is only an artificial experiment of purely theoretical importance. In actual everyday psychological experience, phantasy is either released by an expectant, intuitive attitude, or appears as an involuntary irruption of unconscious contents into consciousness.
We must differentiate between active and passive phantasy. Active phantasies are called forth by intuition, i.e. by an attitude directed to the perception of unconscious contents in which the libido immediately invests all the elements emerging from the unconscious, and, by means of association with parallel material, brings them to definition and plastic form. Passive phantasies without any antecedent or accompanying intuitive attitude appear from the outset in plastic form in the presence of a wholly passive attitude on the part of the cognizing subject Such phantasies belong to the category of psychic “automatismes” (Janet). Naturally these latter can occur only as the result of a relative dissociation of the psyche, since their occurrence presupposes the withdrawal of an essential sum of energy from conscious control with a corresponding activation of unconscious material. Thus the vision of Saul presupposes an unconscious acceptance of Christianity, though the fact had escaped his conscious insight.
It is probable that passive phantasy always springs from an unconscious process antithetically related to consciousness, but one which assembles approximately the same amount of energy as the conscious attitude, whence also its capacity for breaking through the latter’s resistance.
Active phantasy, on the contrary, owes its existence not merely to a one-sided, intensive, and antithetic unconscious process, but just as much to the propensity of the conscious attitude for taking up the indications or fragments of relatively lightly-toned unconscious associations, and developing them into complete plasticity by association with parallel elements. In the case of active phantasy, then, it is not necessarily a question of a dissociated psychic state, but rather of a positive participation of consciousness.
Whereas the passive form of phantasy not infrequently bears the stamp of morbidity or at least some trace of abnormality, active phantasy belongs to the highest form of psychic activity. For here, in a converging stream, flow the conscious and unconscious personality of the subject into a common and reconciling product. A phantasy thus framed may be the supreme expression of the unity of an individual; it may even create the individual by the consummate expression of its unity. (Cf. Schiller’s concept of the “æsthetic disposition”). As a general rule, passive phantasy is never the expression of an individuality that has achieved unity, since, as already observed, it presupposes a considerable degree of dissociation, which in its turn can result only from an equally strong opposition between the conscious and the unconscious. Hence the phantasy that breaks through into consciousness as the result of such a state, can never be the perfected expression of a united individuality, but only the prevailing standpoint of the unconscious personality. The life of St Paul is a good example of this: his conversion to the Christian faith corresponded with an acceptance of the hitherto unconscious standpoint and a repression of his previous anti-Christian point of view which latter soon became noticeable in his hysterical fits. Hence, passive phantasy must always require a conscious criticism, if it is not to substantiate the one-sided standpoint of the unconscious antithesis. Whereas active phantasy, as the product, on the one hand of a conscious attitude which is not opposed to the unconscious, and, on the other, of unconscious processes which do not maintain an antithetic so much as a compensatory relation to consciousness, does not require this criticism, but merely understanding.
As with the dream (which is merely passive phantasy) a manifest and a latent meaning must be distinguished also in phantasy. The former results from the immediate perception of the phantasy-image, and the immediate statement of the complex represented by the phantasy. Frequently, however, the manifest meaning hardly deserves the name, although it is always far more developed in phantasy than in the dream; probably this arises from the fact that the dream-phantasy usually requires no particular energy wherewith to make an effective opposition to the feeble resistance of the sleeping consciousness; whence it also follows that few antagonistic and only rather slight compensatory tendencies can obtain representation. Waking phantasy, on the other hand, must command a considerable sum of energy in order to overcome the inhibition proceeding from the conscious attitude.
Hence, for this to take place, the unconscious antithesis must already be very important before its entrance into consciousness can become possible. If it consisted only in vague and hardly seizable indications, it would never be able so to divert conscious attention (conscious libido) upon itself as effectually to interrupt the associated continuity of consciousness. Hence the unconscious content is dependent upon a very strong inner connection, which reveals itself in a manifest meaning. The manifest meaning always has the character of a plastic and concrete process, which, on account of its objective unreality, can never satisfy the conscious demand for understanding. Hence another signification, in other words, an interpretation, or latent meaning, has to be sought Although the existence of a latent meaning of phantasy is by no means certain, and although nothing stands in the way of an eventual challenge of the whole possibility of a latent meaning, yet the demand for a satisfying understanding is motive enough for a thorough-going investigation. This’ investigation of the latent meaning may be purely causal inquiring into the psychological causes of the existence of the phantasy. Such an interrogation leads, on the one hand, to the more remote causes of the phantasy in the distant past, and on the other, to the substantiation of the instinctive forces which, from the energic standpoint, must be made accountable for the existence of the phantasy. As is well known, Freud has made a specially intensive elaboration of this method. I t is this method of interpretation to which I have applied the term reductive. The justification of a reductive view is immediately visible; it is also thoroughly intelligible that this method of interpreting psychological realities contains something which for a certain temperament is sufficiently satisfying to obviate any further claims for deeper understanding. If a man has uttered a cry for help, such a fact is adequately and satisfactorily explained when it is shown that the man in question was in instant danger of life. If a man dreams of a lavishly-spread table, and it is shown that he went to bed hungry, a satisfactory explanation of his dream is provided. Or supposing a man who has repressed his sexuality, in the manner of a medieval saint, has sexual phantasies, this fact is sufficiently explained by a reduction to his repressed sexuality.
If, however, we were to explain the vision of St Peter by dwelling upon the fact that he, “being an-hungered”, had received an invitation from the unconscious to eat animals that were “unclean”, or that the eating of the unclean beasts merely signified the fulfillment of a forbidden desire—with such an explanation we would still go empty away. Neither would our demand find any fuller satisfaction if, for instance, we were to trace the vision of Saul to his repressed envy of the rôle played by Christ among his fellow-countrymen which brought about his identification with Christ. Both explanations may contain some glimmering of truth, yet they stand in no sort of relation to the real psychology of the two apostles, conditioned as this was by the history and atmosphere of that time.
Such an explanation is both too simple arid too cheap. We cannot discuss the history of the world as though it were a problem of physiology or a mere personal ‘chronique scandaleuse’. That would be altogether too limited a standpoint. Hence we are compelled very considerably to extend our conception of the latent meaning of phantasy. First of all in its causal aspect, for the psychology of the individual can never be exhaustively explained from himself: a clear recognition is also needed of the way in which his individual psychology is conditioned by contemporary history and circumstances. It is not merely a physiological, biological, or personal problem, but also a question of contemporary history. In fine, no psychological fact can ever be exhaustively explained from its causality alone, since, as a living phenomenon, it is always indissolubly bound up with the continuity of the vital process, so that on the one side it is always something that is, and on the other it is also becoming, and therefore always creative. The psychological moment is Janus-faced—it looks both backwards and forwards. Because it is becoming, it also prepares for the future event. Were this not so, intentions, aims, the setting-up of goals, the forecasting or divining of the future would be psychological impossibilities. If, when a man expresses an opinion, we merely relate this circumstance to the fact that at some previous time someone else has also expressed a view, such an explanation is, practically, quite inadequate; for its real understanding, not merely do we wish to know the cause of his action but also what he intends by it, what are his aims and purposes, what does he hope to achieve by it. And usually, when we also know that, we are willing to rest satisfied. In everyday life, we immediately and quite instinctively insert a purposive standpoint into the explanation; indeed, very often we appraise the purposive point-of-view as the decisive one, completely overlooking the strictly causal motive; clearly, in instinctive recognition of the essentially creative factor of the psyche. If we so act in everyday experience, a scientific psychology must also take this circumstance into account, and not rely exclusively upon the strictly causal standpoint originally taken over from natural science; for it also has to consider the purposive nature of the psychic product.
When we find everyday experience establishing the purposive orientation of the conscious content beyond any sort of doubt, we have absolutely no grounds to assume, in the absence of experience to the contrary, that this may not also be the case with the content of the unconscious. My experience gives me no reason at all to dispute the purposive orientation of unconscious contents; on the contrary, the cases in which a satisfactory interpretation could alone be attained through the introduction of the purposive standpoint are in the majority. Suppose, for example, we were again to consider the vision of Saul, but this time from the angle of the Pauline world mission, and were now to reach the conclusion that Saul, though a conscious persecutor of Christians, had unconsciously adopted the Christian standpoint, that he was finally brought to avow it by the increasing predominance and final irruption of the unconscious standpoint, and that his unconscious personality was constantly striving towards this goal in an instinctive apprehension of the necessity and importance of such an act. To me this seems a more adequate explanation of the real significance of the event than a reductive interpretation to personal motives, albeit these latter doubtless cooperated in one form or another, since the ‘all-too-human’ is never lacking. Similarly, the indication given in the Acts of the Apostles of a purposive interpretation of the vision of St Peter is far more satisfying than a merely physiological and personal conjecture.
To sum up, we may say that phantasy needs to be understood both causally as well as purposively. With the causal explanation it appears as a symptom of a physiological or personal condition, the resultant of previous occurrences; whereas, in the purposive interpretation, phantasy appears as a symbol, which seeks with the help of existing material a clear and definite goal; it strives, as it were, to distinguish or lay hold of a certain line for the future psychological development. Active phantasy being the principal attribute of the artistic mentality, the artist is not merely a representer: he is also a creator, hence essentially an educator, since his works have the value of symbols that trace out the line of future development.
Whether the actual social validity of the symbol is more general or more restricted depends upon the quality or vital capacity of the creative individuality. The more abnormal the individual, i.e. the less his general fitness for life, the more limited will be the common social value of the symbols he produces, although their value may be absolute for the individuality in question. One has no right to dispute the existence of the latent meaning of phantasy, unless we also cling to the view that the general Nature-process contains no satisfying meaning. But natural science has developed the meaning of the Nature-process into the form of natural laws. These, admittedly, are human hypotheses advanced in explanation of the Nature-process. But, only in so far as we have ascertained that the proposed law actually coincides with the objective process, are we justified in speaking of a meaning of the natural occurrence. Just so far, therefore, as we have succeeded in demonstrating a law-abiding principle in phantasy, are we also justified in speaking of a meaning of the same. But the disclosed meaning is satisfying, or in other words the demonstrated regularity deserves the name, only when it adequately renders the nature of phantasy.
There is a law-abiding regularity in the Nature-process, and also a regularity of the Nature-process. It is certainly law-determined and regular that one dreams when one sleeps; but there is no sort of law-determined principle that affirms anything about the nature of the dream. Its nature is a mere condition of the dream. The demonstration of a physiological source of the phantasy is a mere condition of its existence, not a law of its nature. The law of phantasy as a psychological phenomenon can only be a psychological law.
We now come to the second point of our explanation of the concept of phantasy, viz. imaginative activity.
Imagination is the reproductive, or creative, activity of the mind generally, though not a special faculty, since it may come into play in all the basic forms of psychic activity, whether thinking, feeling, sensation, or intuition. Phantasy as imaginative activity is, in my view, simply the direct expression of psychic vital activity: it is energy merely appearing in consciousness in the form of images or contents, just as physical energy also reveals itself as a definite physical state wherein sense organs are stimulated in physical ways. For as every physical state-from the energic standpoint—is merely a dynamic system, so, too, a psychic content—regarded energically—is merely a dynamic system appearing in consciousness. Hence from this standpoint one may affirm that phantasy in the form of phantasm is merely a definite sum of libido which cannot appear in consciousness in any other way than in the form of an image. Phantasm is an ‘idée-force’. Phantasy as imaginative activity is identical with the course of the energic psychic process.
Power-complex
¶
I occasionally use this term as denoting the total complex of all those ideas and strivings whose tendency it is to range the ego above other influences, thus subordinating all such influences to the ego, quite irrespective of whether they have their source in men and objective conditions, or spring from one’s own subjective impulses, feelings, and thoughts.
Projection
¶
Signifies the transveying of a subjective process into an object. It is the opposite of introjection (q.v.). Accordingly, projection is a process of dissimilation wherein a subjective content is estranged from the subject and, in a sense, incorporated in the object. There are painful, incompatible contents of which the subject unburdens himself by projection, just as there are also positive values which for some reason are uncongenial to the subject; as, for instance, the consequences of self-deprecation. Projection is based upon the archaic identity (q.v.) of subject and object, but the term is used only when the necessity has already arisen for resolving the identity with the object. This necessity arises when the identity is disturbing, i.e. when, through the absence of the projected content, the process of adaptation is materially prejudiced, so that the restoration of the projected content becomes desirable to the subject. From this moment the hitherto partial identity maintains the character of projection. This expression, therefore, denotes a state of identity which has become noticeable, and, therefore, the object of criticism, whether it be the self-criticism of the subject or the objective criticism of another.
We may discriminate between passive and active projection. The former is the customary form of every pathological and many normal projections; it springs from no purpose and is a purely automatic occurrence. The latter form is an essential constituent of the act of feeling-into. Feeling-into (q.v.), as a whole, is a process of introjection, since it serves to bring the object into an intimate relation with the subject. In order to establish this relation, the subject detaches a content (a feeling, for instance) from himself; he then transveys it into, therewith animating, the object, which he thus relates to the subjective sphere.
The active form of projection, however, is also an act of judgment which aims at a separation of subject and object. In this case a subjective judgment is detached from the subject as a valid statement of the case, and is transveyed into the object; by so doing the subject distinguishes himself from the object. Accordingly, projection is a process of introversion, since, in contrast to introjection, it leads not to a linking-up and assimilation but to a differentiation and separation of subject from object. Hence it plays a leading part in paranoia, which usually ends in a total isolation of the subject.
Rational
¶
The rational is the reasonable, that which accords with reason. I conceive reason as an attitude whose principle is to shape thought, feeling, and action in accordance with objective values. Objective values are established by the average experience of external facts on the one hand, and of inner psychological facts on the other. Such experiences, however, could represent no objective ‘value’, if ‘valued’ as such by the subject; for this would already amount to an act of reason. But the reasoning attitude, which permits us to declare as valid objective values in general, is not the work of the individual subject, but the product of human history.
Most objective values—and reason itself among them—are firmly established complexes handed down to us through the ages, to the organization of which countless generations have labored with the same necessity with which the nature of the living organism, in general, reacts to the average and constantly recurring conditions of the environment, confronting them with corresponding function-complexes—as, for instance, the eye, which so perfectly corresponds with the nature of light. We might, therefore, speak of a pre-existing, metaphysical world-reason, if, as Schopenhauer has already pointed out, the reaction of the living organism that corresponds with average external influence were not the indispensable condition of its existence. Human reason, therefore, is merely the expression of human adaptability to the average occurrence which has gradually become deposited in solidly organized complexes, constituting our objective values. Thus the laws of reason are those laws which rule and designate the average ‘correct’ or adapted attitude. Everything is rational which harmonizes with these laws, and everything irrational (q.v.) which contravenes them.
Thinking and feeling are rational functions in so far as they are decisively influenced by the motive of reflection. They attain their fullest significance when in fullest possible accord with the laws of reason. The irrational functions, on the contrary, are such as aim at pure perception, e.g. intuition and sensation; because, as far as possible, they are forced to dispense with the rational (which presupposes the exclusion of everything that is outside reason) in order to be able to reach the most complete perception of the whole course of events.
Reductive
¶
(‘leading back’): I employ this expression to denote that method of psychological interpretation which regards the unconscious product not from the symbolic point of view, but merely as a semiotic expression, a sort of sign or symptom of an underlying process. Accordingly, the reductive method treats the unconscious product in the sense of a leading-back to the elements and basic processes, irrespective of whether such products are reminiscences of actual events, or whether they arise from elementary processes affecting the psyche. Hence, the reductive method is orientated backwards (in contrast to the constructive method; q.v.), whether in the historical sense or in the merely figurative sense of a tracing back of complex and differentiated factors to the general and elementary. The methods both of Freud and of Adler are reductive, since in both cases there is a reduction to elementary processes either of wishing or striving, which in the last resort are infantile or primitive. Hence the unconscious product necessarily acquires the value of a merely figurative or unreal expression, for which the term ‘symbol’ (q.v.) is really not applicable.
The effect of reduction as regards the real significance of the unconscious product is disintegrating, since it is either traced back to its historical antecedents, and so robbed of its intrinsic significance, or it is once again reintegrated into the same elementary process from which it arose.
Self:—v. Ego
¶
Sensation
¶
According to my conception, this is one of the basic psychological functions (v. Function). Wundt also reckons sensation among the elementary psychic phenomena [65].
Sensation, or sensing, is that psychological function which transmits a physical stimulus to perception. It is, therefore, identical with perception. Sensation must be strictly distinguished from feeling, since the latter is an entirely different process, although it may, for instance, be associated with sensation as ‘feeling-tone’. Sensation is related not only to the outer stimuli, but also to the inner, i.e. to changes in the internal organs.
Primarily, therefore, sensation is sense-perception, i.e. perception transmitted via the sense organs and ‘bodily senses’ (kinæsthetic, vaso-motor sensation, etc.). On the one hand, it is an element of presentation, since it transmits to the presenting function the perceived image of the outer object; on the other hand, it is an element of feeling, because through the perception of bodily changes it lends the character of affect to feeling, (v. Affect). Because sensation transmits physical changes to consciousness, it also represents the physiological impulse. But it is not identical with it, since it is merely a perceptive function.
A distinction must be made between sensuous, or concrete, and abstract sensation. The former includes the forms above alluded to, whereas the latter designates an abstracted kind of sensation, i.e. a sensation that is separated from other psychological elements. For concrete sensation never appears as ‘pure’ sensation, but is always mixed up with presentations, feelings, and thoughts. Abstract sensation, on the contrary, represents a differentiated kind of perception which might be termed ‘æsthetic’ in so far as it follows its own principle and is as equally detached from every admixture of the differences of the perceived object as from the subjective admixture of feeling and thought, thus raising itself to a degree of purity which is never attained by concrete sensation. The concrete sensation of a flower, for instance, transmits not only the perception of the flower itself, but also an image of the stem, leaves, habitat, etc. It is also directly mingled with the feelings of pleasure or dislike which the sight of it provokes, or with the scent-perceptions simultaneously excited, or with thoughts concerning its botanical classification.
Abstract sensation, on the other hand, immediately picks out the most salient sensuous attribute of the flower, as for instance its brilliant redness, and makes it the sole or at least the principal content of consciousness, entirely detached from all the other admixtures alluded to above. Abstract sensation is mainly suited to the artist. Like every abstraction, it is a product of the differentiation of function: hence there is nothing primordial about it. The primordial form of the function is always concrete, i.e. blended (v. Archaism, and Concretism). Concrete sensation as such is a reactive phenomenon, while abstract sensation, like every abstraction, is always linked up with the will, i.e. the element of direction. The will that is directed towards the abstraction of sensation is both the expression and the activity of the æsthetic sensational attitude.
Sensation is a prominent characteristic both in the child and the primitive, in so far as it always predominates over thinking and feeling, though not necessarily over intuition. For I regard sensation as conscious, and intuition as unconscious, perception. For me, sensation and intuition represent a pair of opposites, or two mutually compensating functions, like thinking and feeling. Thinking and feeling as independent functions are developed, both ontogenetically and phylogenetically, from sensation (and equally, of course, from intuition as the necessary counterpart of sensation).
In so far as sensation is an elementary phenomenon, it is something absolutely given, something that, in contrast to thinking and feeling, is not subject to the laws of reason. I therefore term it an irrational (q.v.) function, although reason contrives to assimilate a great number of sensations into rational associations.
A man whose whole attitude is orientated by the principle of sensation belongs to the sensation type (v. Types).
Normal sensations are proportionate, i.e. their value approximately corresponds with the intensity of the physical stimulus. Pathological sensations are disproportionate, i.e. either abnormally weak or abnormally strong: in the former case they are inhibited, in the latter exaggerated. The inhibition is the result of the predominance of another function; the exaggeration proceeds from an abnormal amalgamation with another function, e.g. a blending with a still undifferentiated feeling or thinking function. In such a case, the exaggeration of sensation ceases as soon as the function with which sensation is fused is differentiated in its own right.
The psychology of the neuroses yields extremely illuminating examples of this, where, for instance, a strong sexualization (Freud) of other functions very often prevails, i.e. a blending of sexual sensation with other functions.
Soul
¶
(anima): I have found sufficient cause, in my investigations into the structure of the unconscious, to make a conceptual distinction between the soul and the psyche. By the psyche I understand the totality of all the psychic processes, both conscious as well as unconscious; whereas by soul, I understand a definitely demarcated function-complex that is best characterized as a ‘personality’. In order to describe more exactly what I mean by this, I must introduce still remoter points of view—such, in particular, as the phenomena of somnambulism, of character-duplication, of dissociation of personality, the investigation of which is primarily due to French research, and which has enabled us to recognize the possibility of a plurality of personalities in one and the same individual [66].
It is at once evident that such a plurality of personalities can never appear in a normal individual; but the possibility of a dissociation of personality which these cases represent must also exist, at least potentially, within the range of normality. And, as a matter of fact, a moderately acute psychological observation can succeed without much difficulty in proving at least the traces of character-splitting in the normal individual. For example, we have only to observe a man rather closely under varying circumstances, to discover that a transition from one milieu to another brings about a striking alteration in his personality, whereby a sharply-outlined and distinctly changed character emerges. The proverbial expression ‘angel abroad, and devil at home’ is a formulation of the phenomenon of character-splitting derived from everyday experience. A definite milieu demands a definite attitude. Corresponding with the duration or frequency with which such a milieu-attitude is demanded, the more or less habitual it becomes. Great numbers of men of the educated classes are obliged to move in two, for the most part totally different, milieux—viz. in the family and domestic circle and in the world of affairs. These two totally different environments demand two totally different attitudes, which, in proportion to the degree of identification (q.v.) of the ego with the momentary attitude, produce a duplication of character. In accordance with social conditions and necessities, the social character is orientated, on the one hand by the expectations or obligations of the social milieu, and on the other by the social aims and efforts of the subject. The domestic character is, as a rule, more the product of the subject’s laissez-aller indolence and emotional demands; whence it frequently happens that men who in public life are extremely energetic, bold, obstinate, willful, and inconsiderate appear good-natured, mild, accommodating, even weak, when at home within the sphere of domesticity. Which, then, is the true character, the real personality? This is a question it is often impossible to answer.
This brief consideration will show that, even in the normal individual, character-splitting is by no means an impossibility. We are, therefore, perfectly justified in treating the question of dissociation of personality also as a problem of normal psychology. According to my view then—to pursue the discussion—the above question should be met with a frank avowal that such a man has no real character at all, i.e. he is not individual (q.v.) but collective (q.v.), i.e. he corresponds with general circumstances and expectations. Were he an individual, he would have but one and the same character with every variation of attitude. It would not be identical with the momentary attitude, neither could it nor would it prevent his individuality from finding expression in one state just as clearly as in another. He is an individual, of course, like every being; but an unconscious one. Through his more or less complete identification with the attitude of the moment, he at least deceives others, and also often himself, as to his real character. He puts on a mask, which he knows corresponds with his conscious intentions, while it also meets with the requirements and opinions of his environment, so that first one motive then the other is in the ascendant. This mask, viz. the ad hoc adopted attitude, I have called the persona[67] which was the designation given to the mask worn by the actors of antiquity. A man who is identified with this mask I would call “personal” (as opposed to “individual”).
Both the attitudes of the case considered above are collective personalities, which may be simply summed up under the name “persona” or “personae”. I have already suggested above that the real individuality is different from both. Thus, the persona is a function-complex which has come into existence for reasons of adaptation or necessary convenience, but by no means is it identical with the individuality. The function-complex of the persona is exclusively concerned with the relation to the object.
The relation of the individual to the outer object must be sharply distinguished from the relation to the subject. By the subject I mean those vague, dim stirrings, feelings, thoughts, and sensations which have no demonstrable flow towards the object from the continuity of conscious experience, but well up like a disturbing, inhibiting, or at times beneficent, influence from the dark inner depths, from the background and underground of consciousness which, in their totality, constitute one’s perception of the unconscious life. The subject, conceived as the ‘inner’ object, is the unconscious. There is a relation to the inner object, viz. an inner attitude, just as there is a relation to the outer object, viz. an outer attitude. It is quite intelligible that this inner attitude, by reason of its extremely intimate and inaccessible nature, is far less widely known than the outer attitude, which is immediately perceived by everyone. Nevertheless, the task of making a concept of this inner attitude does not seem to me impossible. All those so-called accidental inhibitions, fancies, moods, vague feelings, and fragments of phantasy, which occasionally harass and disturb the accomplishment of concentrated work, not to mention the repose of the most normal of men, and which evoke rational explanations either in the form of physical causes or reasons of like nature, usually have their origin, not in the reasons ascribed to them by consciousness, but in the perceptions of unconscious processes, which, in fact, they are. Among such phenomena, dreams also naturally belong: these are admittedly liable to be accounted for by such external and superficial causes as indigestion, sleeping on one’s back, and the like, in spite of the fact that such explanations never withstand a searching criticism. The attitude of individual men to these things is extremely variable. One man will not allow himself to be disturbed in the smallest degree by his inner processes—he can, as it were, ignore them entirely; while another is in the highest degree subject to them: at the first waking-moment some phantasy or other, or a disagreeable feeling, spoils his temper for the whole day; a vague, unpleasant sensation suggests the idea of a secret malady, or a dream leaves him with a gloomy foreboding, although in other ways he is by no means superstitious. To others, again, these unconscious stirrings have only a very episodic access, or only a certain category of them come to the surface. For one man, perhaps, they have never yet appeared to consciousness as anything worth thinking about, while for another they are a problem of daily brooding. The one values them physiologically, or ascribes them to the conduct of his neighbours; another finds in them a religious revelation.
These entirely different ways of dealing with the stirrings of the unconscious are just as habitual as the attitudes to the outer object. The inner attitude, therefore, corresponds with just as definite a function-complex as the outer attitude. Those cases in which the inner psychic processes appear to be entirely overlooked are lacking a typical inner attitude just as little as those who constantly overlook the outer object and the reality of facts lack a typical outer attitude. The persona of these latter, by no means infrequent, cases has the character of unrelatedness, or at times even a blind inconsiderateness, which frequently yields only to the harshest blows of fate. Not seldom, it is just those individuals whose persona is characterized by a rigid inconsiderateness and absence oi relations who possess an attitude to the unconscious processes which suggests a character of extreme susceptibility. As they are inflexible and inaccessible outwardly, so are they weak, flaccid, and determinable in relation to their inner processes. In such cases, therefore, the inner attitude corresponds with an inner personality diametrically opposed and different from the outer. I know a man, for instance, who without pity blindly destroyed the happiness of those nearest to him, and yet he would interrupt his journey when travelling on important business just to enjoy the beauty of a forest scene glimpsed from the carriage window. Cases of this kind are doubtless familiar to everyone; it is needless therefore to enumerate further examples. With the same justification as daily experience furnishes us for speaking of an outer personality are we also justified in assuming the existence of an inner personality. The inner personality is the manner of one’s behaviour towards the inner psychic processes; it is the inner attitude, the character, that is turned towards the unconscious. I term the outer attitude, or outer character, the persona, the inner attitude I term the anima, or soul. In the same degree as an attitude is habitual, is it a more or less firmly welded function-complex, with which the ego may be more or less identified. This is plastically expressed in language: of a man who has an habitual attitude towards certain situations, we are accustomed to say: He is quite another man when doing this or that. This is a practical demonstration of the independence of the function-complex of an habitual attitude; it is as though another personality had taken possession of the individual, as ‘though another spirit had entered into him’. The same autonomy as is so often granted to the outer attitude is also claimed by the soul or inner attitude. One of the most difficult of all educational achievements is this task of changing the outer attitude, or persona. But to change the soul is just as difficult, since its structure tends to be just as firmly welded as is that of the persona. Just as the persona is an entity, which often appears to constitute the whole character of a man, even accompanying him practically without change throughout his entire life, so the soul is also a definitely circumscribed entity, with a character which may prove unalterably firm and independent. Hence, it frequently offers itself to characterization and description.
As regards the character of the soul, my experience confirms the validity of the general principle that it maintains, on the whole, a complementary relation to the outer character. Experience teaches us that the soul is wont to contain all those general human qualities the conscious attitude lacks. The tyrant tormented by bad dreams, gloomy forebodings, and inner fears, is a typical figure. Outwardly inconsiderate, harsh, and unapproachable, he is inwardly susceptible to every shadow, and subject to every fancy, as Chough he were the least independent, and the most impressionable, of men. Thus his soul contains those general human qualities of suggestibility and weakness which are wholly lacking in his outer attitude, or persona. Where the persona is intellectual, the soul is quite certainly sentimental. That the complementary character of the soul is also concerned with the sex-character is a fact which can no longer seriously be doubted. A very feminine woman has a masculine soul, and a very manly man a feminine soul. This opposition is based upon the fact that a man, for instance, is not in all things wholly masculine, but has also certain feminine traits. The, more manly his outer attitude, the more will his womanly traits be effaced; these then appear in the soul. This circumstance explains why it is that the very manly men are most subject to characteristic weaknesses; their attitude to the unconscious has a womanly weakness and impressionability. And, vice versa, it is often just the most womanly women who, in respect of certain inner things, have an extreme intractableness, obstinacy, and wilfulness; which qualities are found in such intensity only in the outer attitude of men. These are manly traits, whose exclusion from the womanly outer attitude makes them qualities of the soul. If, therefore, we speak of the anima of a man, we must logically speak of the animus of a woman, if we are to give the soul of a woman its right name. Whereas logic and objective reality commonly prevail in the outer attitude of man, or are at least regarded as an ideal, in the case of woman it is feeling. But in the soul the relations are reversed: inwardly it is the man who feels, and the woman who reflects. Hence man’s greater liability to total despair, while a woman can always find comfort and hope; hence man is more liable to put an end to himself than woman. However prone a woman may be to fall a victim to social circumstances, as in prostitution for instance, a man is equally delivered over to impulses from the unconscious in the form of alcoholism and other vices.
As regards the general human characters, the character of the soul may be deduced from that of the persona. Everything which should normally be in the outer attitude, but is decidedly wanting there, will invariably be found in the inner attitude. This is a basic rule, which my experience has borne out again and again. But, as regards individual qualities, nothing can be deduced about them in this way. We can be certain only that, when a man is identical with his persona, the individual qualities are associated with the soul. It is this association which gives rise to the symbol, so often appearing in dreams, of the soul’s pregnancy; this symbol has its source in the primordial image of the hero-birth. The child that is to be born signifies the individuality, which, though existing, is not yet conscious. Hence in the same way as the persona, which expresses one’s adaptation to the milieu, is as a rule strongly influenced and shaped by the milieu, so the soul is just as profoundly moulded by the unconscious and its qualities. Just as the persona, almost necessarily, takes on primitive traits in a primitive milieu, so the soul assumes the archaic characters of the unconscious as well as its prospective, symbolic character. Whence arise the ‘pregnant’ and ‘creative’ qualities of the inner attitude. Identity with the persona automatically conditions an unconscious identity with the soul, because, when the subject or ego is not differentiated from the persona, it can have no conscious relation to the processes of the unconscious. Hence it is these processes: it is identical with them. The man who is unconditionally his outer rôle therewith delivers himself over unquestioningly to the inner processes, i.e. he will even frustrate his outer rôle by absolute inner necessity, reducing it ad absurdum (enantiodromia; q.v.). A steady holding to the individual line is thereby excluded, and his life runs its course in inevitable opposition. Moreover, in such a case the soul is always projected into a corresponding, real object, with which a relation of almost absolute dependence exists. Every reaction proceeding from this object has an immediate, inwardly arresting effect upon the subject. Tragic ties are frequently formed in this way (v. Soul-image).
Soul-Image
¶
The soul-image is a definite image (q.v.) among those produced by the unconscious. Just as the persona, or outer attitude, is represented in dreams by the images of certain persons who possess the oatstanding qualities of the persona in especially marked form, so the soul, the inner attitude of the unconscious, is similarly represented by definite persons whose particular qualities correspond with those of the soul. Such an image is called a ‘soul-image’. Occasionally these images are quite unknown or mythological figures. With men the soul, i.e. the anima, is usually figured by the unconscious in the person of a woman; with women it is a man. In every case where the individuality is unconscious, and therefore associated with the soul, the soul-image has the character of the same sex. In all those cases in which an identity with the persona (v. Soul) is present, and the soul accordingly is unconscious, the soul-image is transferred into, a real person. This person is the object of an intense love or an equally intense hatred (possibly even fear). The influence of such a person has the character of something immediate and absolutely compelling, since it always evokes an affective response. The affect depends upon the fact that a real conscious adaptation to the object who represents the soul-image is impossible. Because the objective relation is alike impossible and non-existent, the libido gets dammed up and explodes in a release of affect. Affects always occur where there is a failure of adaptation. A conscious adaptation to the object who represents the soul-image is impossible only when the subject is unconscious of the anima. Were he conscious of it, it could be distinguished from the object, whose immediate effects might then be resolved, since the potency of the object depends upon the projection of the soul-image.
For a man, a woman is best fitted to be the bearer of his soul-image, by virtue of the womanly quality of his soul; similarly a man, in the case of a woman. Wherever an unconditional, or almost magical, relation exists between the sexes, it is always a question of projection of the soul-image. Since such relations are common, just as frequently must the soul be unconscious, i.e. great numbers of men must be unaware of how they are related to the inner psychic processes. Because such unconsciousness goes always hand in hand with a correspondingly complete identification with the persona (v. Soul), it dearly follows that the latter also must occur very frequently. This accords with reality; for, as a matter of fact, large numbers of men are wholly identified with their outer attitude, and therefore have no conscious relation to their inner processes. But the converse may also happen; namely, where the soul-image is not projected, but remains with the subject; whereupon an identification with the soul is liable to result just in so far as the subject is himself convinced that his manner of behaviour to his inner processes is also his unique and actual character. In such a case, the unconsciousness of the persona results in its projection upon an object, more especially of the same sex, thus providing a foundation for many cases of more or less admitted homosexuality, and of father-transferences in men or mother-transferences in women. Such cases are always persons with defective external adaptation and comparative unrelatedness, because the identification with the soul begets an attitude with a predominant orientation towards the inner processes, whereby the object is deprived of its determining influence.
Whenever the soul-image is projected, an unconditional, affective tie to the object appears. If it is not projected, a relatively unadapted state results, which Freud has partially described as narcissism. The projection of the soul-image offers a release from a too great preoccupation with the inner processes, in so far as the behaviour of the object harmonizes with the soul-image. The subject is thus enabled to live his persona, and to develop it further. In the long run, however, the object will scarcely be able to correspond consistently with the soul-image, although many women succeed, by constantly disregarding their own lives, in representing their husband’s soul-image for a very considerable time. The biological, feminine instinct assists them in this. A man may unconsciously do the same for his wife, only he is thereby prompted to deeds which, for good or evil, finally exceed his powers. In his case, also, the biological masculine instinct is an assistance.
If the soul-image is not projected, a thoroughly morbid differentiation of the relation to the unconscious gradually develops. The subject is increasingly overwhelmed by unconscious contents, which his defective relation to the object makes him powerless to organize, or to put to any sort of use. Obviously, such contents as these very seriously prejudice the relation to the object These attitudes only represent, of course, the two extremes, between which the more normal attitudes are to be found. The normal man, as we know, is not distinguished by any special clarity, purity, or depth, in the matter of psychological phenomena, but commonly inclines to a certain indistinctness in such matters. In men with a good-natured and inoffensive outer attitude, the soul-image, as a rule, has a rather malevolent character. A good literary example of this is the daemonic woman who accompanies Zeus in Spitteler’s “Olympischer Frühling.” For the idealistic woman, a depraved man is often a bearer of the soul-image; hence the ‘salvation phantasy’ so frequent in such cases. The same thing often happens with men, where the prostitute is surrounded with the halo of a soul crying for succour.
Subjective Plane
¶
By interpretation upon the subjective plane, I understand that conception of a dream or phantasy in which the persons or conditions appearing therein are related to subjective factors entirely belonging to the jsubject’s own psyche. It is common knowledge that the image of an object existing in our psyche is never exactly like the object, but at most only similar. Although admittedly brought about through sense-perceptions and their apperception, it is actually the product of processes inherent in the psyche whose activity the object merely stimulates. Experience shows that the evidence of our senses very largely coincides with the qualities of the object, but our apperception is subject to well-nigh incalculable subjective influences, which render the correct knowledge of a human character extraordinarily difficult. Moreover, such a complex psychic factor as is presented by a human character offers only a very slight field for pure sense perception. Its cognition also demands ‘feeling-into’, reflection, and intuition. The final judgment that issues from these complex factors is always of very doubtful tralue; necessarily, therefore, the image we form of a human object is, to a very large extent, subjectively conditioned. Hence, in practical psychology we should be well advised to differentiate the image or imago of a man quite definitely from his real existence. Not infrequently as a result of its extremely subjective origin, an imago is actually more an image of a subjective function-complex than of the. object itself.
In the analytical treatment of unconscious products, therefore, it is essential that the imago shall not immediatety be assumed to be identical with the object; it is wiser to regard it as an image of the subjective relation to the object. This is what is meant by the consideration of a product upon the subjective plane.
The treatment of an unconscious product upon this plane results in the presence of subjective judgments and tendencies of which, the bearer is made the object When, therefpre, an object-imago appears in an unconscious product, it is not definitely concerned with the real object per se, but just as much, possibly even more, with a subjective function-complex (v. Soul-image).
The application of meaning upon this plane yields us a comprehensive psychological explanation, not only of dreams but also of literary works, in which the individual figures represent relatively autonomous function-complexes in the psyche of the poet.
Symbol
¶
The concept of a symbol should, in my view, be strictly differentiated from that of a mere sign. Symbolic and semiotic interpretations are entirely different things. In his book Ferrero[68] does not speak of symbols in the strict sense, but of signs. For instance, the old custom of handing over a sod of turf at the sale of a piece of land, might be described as ‘symbolic’ in the vulgar use of the word; but actually it is purely semiotic in character. The piece of turf is a sign, or token, representing the whole estate. The winged wheel worn by the railway employees is not a symbol of the railway, but a sign that distinguishes the personnel of the railway. But the symbol always presupposes that the chosen expression is the best possible description, or formula, of a relatively unknown fact; a fact, however, which is none the less recognized or postulated as existing. Thus, when the winged-wheel badge of the railway employ^ is explained as a symbol, it is tantamount to saying that the man has to do with an unknown entity whose nature cannot be differently or better expressed than by a winged wheel. Every view which interprets the symbolic expression as an analogous or abbreviated expression of a known thing is semiotic. A conception which interprets the symbolic expression as the best possible formulation of a relatively unknown thing which cannot conceivably, therefore, be more clearly or characteristically represented is symbolic. A view which interprets the symbolic expression, as an intentional transcription or transformation of a known thing is allegoric. The explanation of the Cross as a symbol of Divine Love is semiotic, since Divine Love describes the fact to be expressed better and more aptly than a cross, which can have many other meanings. Whereas that interpretation of the Cross is symbolic which puts it above all imaginable explanations, regarding it as an expression of an unknown and as yet incomprehensible fact of a mystical or transcendent, i.e. psychological character, which simply finds its most striking and appropriate representation in the Cross.
In so far as a symbol is a living thing, it is the expression of a thing not to be characterized in any other or better way. The symbol is alive only in so far as it is pregnant with meaning. But, if its meaning is born out of it, l.e. if that expression should be found which formulates the sought, expected, or divined thing still better than the hitherto accepted symbol, then the symbol is dead, i.e. it possesses only a historical significance. We may still go on speaking of it as a symbol, under the tacit assumption that we are speaking of it as it was before its better expression had been born from it The way in which St Paul and the early mystical speculators handle the symbol. of the Cross shows that for them it was a living symbol which represented the inexpressible in an unsurpassable way.
For every esoteric explanation the symbol is dead, since through esoterism it has been brought to a better expression (at least ostensibly), whereupon it merely serves as a conventional sign for associations which are more completely and better known elsewhere. Only for the exoteric standpoint is the symbol always living. An expression that stands for a known thing always remains merely a sign and is never a symbol. It is, therefore, quite impossible to make a living symbol, i.e. one that is pregnant with meaning, from known associations. For what is thus manufactured never contains more than was put into it Every psychic product, in so far as it is the best possible expression at the moment for a fact as yet unknown or only relatively known, may be regarded as a symbol, provided also that we are prepared to accept the expression as designating something that is only divined and not yet clearly conscious.
Inasmuch as every scientific theory contains a hypothesis, and therefore an anticipatory designation of a fact still essentially unknown, it is a symbol. Furthermore, every psychological phenomenon is a symbol when we are willing to assume that it purports, or signifies, something different and still greater, something therefore which is withheld from present knowledge. This assumption is absolutely possible to every consciousness which is orientated to the deeper meaning of things, and to the possibilities such an attitude enfolds. Such an assumption is impossible only for this same consciousness when it has itself contrived an expression, merely to contain or affirm just as much as the purpose of its creation intended, as for example a mathematical term. For another consciousness, however, this restriction does not exist at all. It can also conceive the mathematical term as a symbol of an unknown psychic fact concealed within the purpose of its production, in so far as this fact is demonstrably unknown to the man who created the semiotic expression, and therefore could not be the object of any conscious use.
Whether a thing is a symbol or not depends chiefly upon the attitude of the consciousness considering it; as for instance, a mind that regards the given fact not merely as such but also as an expression of the yet unknown. Hence it is quite possible for a man to produce a fact which does not appear in the least symbolic to himself, although profoundly so to another. The converse is also possible. There are undoubtedly products whose symbolical character not merely depends upon the attitude of the considering consciousness, but manifests itself spontaneously in a symbolical effect’ upon the regarding subject. Such products are so fashioned that they must forfeit every sort of meaning, unless the symbolical one is conceded them. As a pure actuality, a triangle in which an eye is enclosed is so meaningless that it is impossible for the observer to regard it as mere accidental trifling. Such a figure immediately conjures up a symbolical conception of it This effect is supported either by a frequent and identical occurrence of the same figure, or by a particularly careful and arresting manner of production which is the actual expression of a particular value placed upon it.
Symbols that are without the spontaneous effect just described .are either dead, i.e. outstripped by a better formulation, or else products whose symbolical nature depends exclusively upon the attitude of the observing consciousness. This attitude that conceives the given phenomenon as symbolic may be briefly described as the symbolical attitude. It is only partially justified by the behavior of things; for the rest, it is the outcome of a definite view of life endowing the occurrence, whether great or small, with a meaning to which a certain deeper value is given than to pure actuality. This view of things stands opposed to another view, which lays the accent upon pure actuality, and subordinates meaning to facts. For this latter attitude there can be no symbol at all, wherever the symbolism depends exclusively upon the manner of consideration. But even for such an attitude symbols also exist: namely, those that prompt the observer to the conjecture of a hidden meaning. An image of a god with the head of a bull can certainly be explained as a human body with a bull’s head. But this explanation could scarcely hold the scales against the symbolic interpretation, since the symbol is too arresting to be entirely overlooked. A symbol that seems to obtrude its symbolical nature need not be alive. Its effect may be wholly restricted, for instance, to the historical or philosophical intellect It merely arouses intellectual or aesthetic interest. But a symbol really lives only when it is the best and highest possible expression of something divined but not yet known even to the observer. For under these circumstances it provokes unconscious participation. It advances and creates life. As Faust says: “How differently this token works upon me!”
The living symbol shapes and formulates an essential unconscious factor, and the more generally this factor prevails, the more general is the operation of the symbol; for in every soul it touches an associated chord. Since, on the one hand the symbol is the best possible expression of what is still unknown—an expression, moreover, which cannot be surpassed for the given epoch—it must proceed from the most complex and differentiated contemporary mental atmosphere. But since, on the other hand, the living symbol must embrace and contain that which relates a considerable group of men for such an effect to be within its power, it must contain just that which may be common to a large group of men. Hence, this can never be the most highly differentiated or the highest attainable, since only the very few could attain to, or understand it; but it must be something that is still so primitive that its omnipresence stands beyond all doubt. Only when the symbol comprises this something, and brings it to the highest possible expression, has it any general efficacy. Therein consists the potent and, at the same time, redeeming effect of a living, social symbol.
All that I have now said concerning the social symbol holds good for the individual symbol. There are individual psychic products, whose manifest symbolic character at once compels a symbolical conception. For the individual, they possess a similar functional significance as the social symbol for a larger human group. Such products, however, never have an exclusively conscious or unconscious source, but proceed from a uniform co-operation of both. Purely conscious products are no more convincingly symbolic, per se, than purely unconscious products, and vice versa; it devolves, therefore, upon the symbolical attitude of the observing consciousness to endow them with the character of a symbol. But they may equally well be conceived as mere causally conditioned facts, in much the same sense as one might regard the red exanthema of scarlet fever as a ‘symbol’ of the disease. In such a case, of course, it is correct to speak of a ‘symptom’, not of a symbol. In my view, therefore, Freud is justified, when, from his standpoint, he speaks of symptomatic[69], rather than symbolical actions; since, for him, these phenomena are not symbolic in the sense here defined, but are symptomatic signs of a definite and generally known underlying process. There are, of course, neurotics who regard their unconscious products, which are primarily morbid symptoms, as symbols of supreme importance. Generally, however, this is not the case. On the contrary, the neurotic of to-day is only too prone to regard a product that may actually be full of significance, as a ‘symptom’.
The fact that there are two distinct and mutually contradictory views, eagerly advocated on either side, concerning the meaning and the meaninglessness of things, can only show that processes clearly exist which express no particular meaning, being in fact mere consequences, or symptoms; while there are other processes which bear within them a hidden meaning, processes which have not merely arisen from something, but also tend to become something, and are therefore symbols. It is left to our judgment and criticism to decide whether the thing we are dealing with is a symptom or a symbol.
The symbol is always a creation of an extremely complex nature, since data proceeding from every psychic function have entered into its composition. Hence its nature is neither rational nor irrational. It certainly has one side that accords with reason, but it has also another side that is inaccessible to reason; for not only the data of reason, but also the irrational data of pure inner and outer perception, have entered into its nature. The prospective meaning and pregnant significance of the symbol appeals just as strongly to thinking as to feeling, while its peculiar plastic imagery when shaped into sensuous form stimulates sensation just as much as intuition. The living symbol cannot come to birth in an inert or poorly-developed mind, for such a man will rest content with the already existing symbols offered by established tradition. Only the passionate yearning of a highly developed mind, for whom the dictated symbol no longer contains the highest reconciliation in one expression, can create a new symbol. But, inasmuch as the symbol proceeds from his highest and latest mental achievement and must also include the deepest roots of his being, it cannot be a one-sided product of the most highly differentiated mental functions, but must at least have an equal source, in the lowest and most primitive motions of his psyche. For this co-operation of antithetic states to be at all possible, they must both stand side by side in fullest conscious opposition. Such a condition necessarily entails a violent disunion with oneself, even to a point where thesis and antithesis mutually deny each other, while the ego is still forced to recognize its absolute participation in both. But, should there exist a subordination of one part, the symbol will be disproportionately the product of the other, and in corresponding degree will be less a symbol than a symptom, viz. the symptom of a repressed antithesis. But, to the extent in which a symbol is merely a symptom, it also lacks the redeeming effect, since it fails to express the full right to existence of every portion of the psyche, constantly calling to mind the suppression of the antithesis, although consciousness may omit to take this into account.
But, when the opposites are given a complete equality of right, attested to by the ego’s unconditioned participation in both thesis and antithesis, a suspension of the will results; for the will can no longer be operative while every motive has an equally strong counter-motive by its side. Since life cannot tolerate suspension, a damming up of vital energy results, which would lead to an insupportable condition from the tension of the opposites did not a new reconciling function arise which could lead above and beyond the opposites. It arises naturally, however, from the regression of the libido effected by its damming up. Since progress is made impossible by the total disunion of the will, the libido streams backwards, the stream Sows back as it were to its source, fa, the suspension and inactivity of the conscious brings about an activity of the unconscious where all the differentiated functions have their common, archaic root, and where that promiscuity of contents exists of which the primitive mentality still exhibits numerous remainders.
Through the activity of the unconscious, a content is unearthed which is constellated by thesis and antithesis in equal measure, and is related to both in a compensatory (q.v.) relation. Since this content discloses a relation to both thesis and antithesis, it forms a middle territory, upon which the opposites can be reconciled. Suppose, for example, we conceive the opposition to be sensuality versus spirituality; then, by virtue of its wealth of spiritual associations, the mediatory content born from the unconscious offers a welcome expression to the spiritual thesis, and by virtue of its plastic sensuousness it embraces the sensual antithesis. But the ego rent between thesis and antithesis finds in the uniting middle territory its counterpart, its reconciling and unique expression; and eagerly seizes upon it, in order to be delivered from its division. Hence, the energy created by the tension of the opposites flows into the mediatory expression, protecting it against the conflict of the opposites which forthwith begins both about it and within, since both are striving to resolve the new expression in their own specific sense. Spirituality tries to make something spiritual out of the unconscious expression, while sensuality aims at something sensual; the one wishing to create science and art from the new expression, the other sensual experience. The resolution of the unconscious product into either is successful only when the incompletely divided ego clings rather more to one side than the other.
Should one side succeed in resolving the unconscious product, it does not fall alone to that side, but the ego goes with it; whereupon an identification of the ego with the most-favored function (v. Inferior Function) inevitably follows. This results in a subsequent repetition of the process of division upon a higher plane. But if, through the resoluteness of the ego, neither thesis nor antithesis can succeed in resolving the unconscious product, this is sufficient demonstration that the unconscious expression is superior to both sides.
The steadfastness of the ego and the superiority of the mediatory expression over thesis and antithesis are to my mind correlates, each mutually conditioning the other. It would appear at times as though the fixity of the inborn individuality were the decisive factor, at times as though the mediatory expression possessed a superior force prompting the ego to absolute steadfastness. But, in reality, it is quite conceivable that the firmness and certainty of the individuality on the one hand, and the superior force of the mediatory product on the other, are merely tokens of one and the same fact. When the mediatory product is preserved in this way, it fashions a raw product which is for construction, not for dissolution, and which becomes a common object for both thesis and antithesis; thus it becomes a new content that governs the whole attitude, putting an end to the division, and forcing the energy of the opposites into a common channel. The suspension of life is, therewith, abolished, and the individual life can compass a greater range with new energy and new goals.
In its totality I have named the process just described the transcendent function, and here I am not using the term ‘function’ in the sense of a basic function, but rather as a complex-function compounded of other functions, neither with ‘transcendent’ do I wish to designate any metaphysical quality, but merely the fact that by this function a transition is made possible from the one attitude to the other. The raw material, when elaborated by the thesis and antithesis, which in its process of formation reconciles the opposites, is the living symbol. In the essential rawness of its material, defying time and dissolution, lies its prospective significance, and in the form which its crude material receives through the influence of the opposites, lies its effective power over all the psychic functions.
Indications of the foundations of the symbol-forming process are to be found in the scanty records of the initiation-period experienced by founders of religions, e.g. Jesus and Satan, Buddha and Mara, Luther and the Devil, Zwingli and his previous worldly life; also Goethe’s conception of the rejuvenation of Faust through the contract with the Devil. Towards the end of Zarathustra we find a striking example of the suppression of the antithesis in the figure of the “ugliest man”.
Synthetic (v. Constructive)
¶
Thinking
¶
This I regard as one of the four basic psychological functions (v. Function). Thinking is that psychological function which, in accordance with its own laws, brings given presentations into conceptual connection. It is an apperceptive activity and, as such, must be differentiated into active and passive thought-activity. Active thinking is an act of will, passive thinking an occurrence. In the former case, I submit the representation to a deliberate act of judgment; in the latter case, conceptual connections establish themselves, and judgments are formed which may; even contradict my aim—they may lack all harmony with my conscious objective, hence also, for me, any feeling of direction, although by an act of active apperception I may subsequently come to a recognition of their directedness. Active thinking would correspond, therefore, with my idea of directed thinking[70]. Passive thinking was inadequately characterized in my previous work as “phantasying” [71]. To-day I would term it intuitive thinking.
To my mind, a simple stringing together of representations, such as is described by certain psychologists as associative thinking[72] is not thinking at all, but mere presentation. The term ‘thinking’ should, in my view, be confined to the linking up of representations by means of a concept, where, in other words, an act of judgment prevails, whether such act be the product of one’s intention or not.
The faculty of directed thinking, I term intellect: the faculty of passive, or undirected, thinking, I term intellectual intuition. Furthermore, I describe directed thinking or intellect as the rational (q.v.) function, since it arranges the representations under concepts in accordance with the presuppositions of my conscious rational norm. Undirected thinking, or intellectual intuition, on the contrary is, in my view, an irrational (q.v.) function, since it criticizes and arranges the representations according to norms that are unconscious to me and consequently not appreciated as reasonable. In certain cases, however, I may recognize subsequently that the intuitive act of judgment also corresponds with reason, although it has come about in a way that appears to me irrational.
Thinking that is regulated by feeling, I do not regard as intuitive thinking, but as thought dependent upon feeling; it does not follow its own logical principle, but is subordinated to the principle of feeling. In such thinking the laws of logic are only ostensibly present; in reality they are suspended in favor of the aims of feeling.
Transcendent Function (v. Symbol)
¶
Type
¶
A type is a specimen, or example, which reproduces in a characteristic way the character of a species or general class. In the narrower meaning used in this particular work, a type is a characteristic model of a general attitude (q.v.) occurring in many individual forms. From a great number of existing or possible attitudes I have, in this particular research, brought four into especial relief; namely, those that are primarily orientated by the four basic psychological functions (v. Function) viz. thinking, feeling, intuition, and sensation. In so far as such an attitude is habitual, thus lending a certain stamp to the character of the individual, I speak of a psychological type. These types, which are based upon the root-functions and which one can term the thinking, the feeling, the intuitive, and the sensational types, may be divided into two classes according to the quality of the respective basic function: viz. the rational and the irrational. The thinking and the feeling types belong to the former. The intuitive and the sensational to the latter, (v. Rational; Irrational). A further differentiation into two classes is permitted by the preferential movements of the libido, namely introversion and extroversion (q.v.). All the basic types can belong equally well to the one or the other class, according to the predominance of introversion or extraversion in the general attitude. A thinking type may belong either to the introverted or the extraverted class, and the same holds good for any other type. The differentiation into rational and irrational types is another point of view, and has nothing to do with introversion and extraversion.
In two previous contributions upon the theory of types[73] I did not differentiate the thinking and feeling from the introverted and extraverted types, but identified the thinking type with the introverted, and the feeling with the extraverted. But a more complete investigation of the material has shown me that we must treat the introversion and the extraversion types as superordinated categories to the function types. Such a division, moreover, entirely corresponds with experience, since, for example, there are, undoubtedly two sorts of feeling-types, the attitude of one being orientated more by his feeling-experience, the other more by the object.
Unconscious
¶
The concept of the unconscious is for me an exclusively psychological concept, and not a philosophical concept in the metaphysical sense. In my view, the unconscious is a psychological boundary-concept, which covers all those psychic contents or processes which are not conscious, i.e. not related to the ego in a perceptible way. My justification for speaking of the existence of unconscious processes at all is derived purely and solely from experience, and in particular from psychopathological experience, where we have undoubted proof that, in a case of hysterical amnesia, for instance, the ego knows nothing of the existence of extensive psychological complexes, and in the next moment a simple hypnotic procedure is enough to bring the lost contents to complete reproduction.
From thousands of such experiences we may claim a certain justification for speaking of the existence of unconscious psychic contents. The question as to the state in which an unconscious content exists, when not attached to consciousness, is withheld from every possibility of cognition. It is, therefore, quite superfluous to hazard conjectures about it. Conjectures concerning cerebration and the whole physiological process, etc., really belong to such phantasies. It is also quite impossible to specify the range of the unconscious, i.e. what contents it embraces. Only experience can decide such questions. We know by experience that conscious contents can become unconscious through loss of their energic value. This is the normal process of ‘forgetting’. That these contents do not simply get lost beneath the threshold of consciousness we know from the experience that occasionally, under suitable conditions, they can again emerge from their submersion after a decade or so, e.g. in dreams or under hypnosis in the form of cryptamnesia[74], or through the revival of associations with the forgotten content.
Furthermore, experience teaches us that conscious contents can fall beneath the threshold of consciousness through ‘intentional forgetting’, without a too considerable depreciation of value—what Freud terms the repression of a painful content. A similar effect is produced by the dissociation of the personality, or the disintegration of consciousness, as a result of a violent affect or nervous shock or through the dissolution of the personality in schizophrenia. (Bleuler).
Similarly, we know from experience that sense-perceptions which, either because of their slight intensity or because of the deviation of attention, do not attain to conscious apperception, none the less become psychic contents through unconscious apperception, which again may be demonstrated by hypnosis, for example. The same thing may happen with certain conclusions and other combinations which remain unconscious on account of their too slight energy-content, or because of the deflection of attention. Finally, experience also teaches us that there exist unconscious psychic associations—for instance, mythological images—which have never been the object of consciousness, and hence must proceed wholly from unconscious activity.
To this extent experience gives us certain directing-points for our assumption of the existence of unconscious contents. But it can affirm nothing as to what the unconscious content may possibly be. It is idle to hazard guesses about it, because what the whole unconscious content could be is quite incalculable. What is the furthest limit of a subliminal sense-perception? Is there any sort of measurement either for the extent or the subtlety of unconscious combinations? When is a forgotten content totally effaced? To such questions there is no answer.
Our experience hitherto of the nature of unconscious contents permits us, however, to make a certain general division of them. We can distinguish a personal unconscious, which embraces all the acquisitions of the personal existence—hence the forgotten, the repressed, the subliminally perceived, thought and felt. But, in addition to these personal unconscious contents, there exist other contents which do not originate in personal acquisitions but in the inherited possibility of psychic functioning in general, viz. in the inherited brain-structure. These are the mythological associations—those motives and images which can spring anew in every age and clime, without historical tradition or migration. I term these contents the collective unconscious. Just as conscious contents are engaged in a definite activity, the unconscious contents—so experience teaches us—are similarly active. Just as certain results or products proceed from conscious psychic activity, there are also products of unconscious activity, as for instance dreams and phantasies. It is vain to speculate upon the share that consciousness takes in dreams. A dream presents itself to us: we do not consciously produce it. Conscious reproduction, or even the perception of it, certainly effects a considerable alteration in it, without, however, doing away with the basic fact of the unconscious source of the productive activity.
The functional relation of the unconscious processes to consciousness we may describe as compensatory (q.v.), since experience proves that the unconscious process pushes subliminal material to the surface that is constellated by the conscious situation—hence all those contents which could not be lacking in the picture of the conscious situation if everything were conscious. The compensatory function of the unconscious becomes all the more manifest, the more the conscious attitude maintains a one-sided standpoint; this is confirmed by abundant examples in the realm of pathology.
Will
¶
I regard as will that sum of psychic energy which is disposable to consciousness. In accordance with this conception, the process of the will would be an energic process that is released by conscious motivation. A psychic process, therefore, which is conditioned by unconscious motivation I would not include under the concept of the will. Will is a psychological phenomenon that owes its existence to culture and moral education, and is, therefore largely lacking in the primitive mentality. |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/information_metabolism.html | Information Metabolism¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Information Metabolism
¶
Metabolism of Information
¶
Basic Notion
¶
The model of information metabolism was first presented by K?piski
(1970) and then further developed by him and others. K?piski claimed
that technical models impose a dualistic characterization of human
beingsthus implying that mental processes govern somatic processes
mechanistically and explaining very little about psychological life,
e.g., experiences, creativity. He considered biological models to be
closer to psychological reality than technical ones, because they take
life into consideration.
The term energetic-informational metabolism was used by K?piski
(1970, 1979a) to denote life, or more specifically, two processes
without which life would not be possible. In the initial phases of
phylogenetic development, energy metabolism dominates, but it always
coexists with information metabolism, e.g., processing of information
concerning sources of nourishment. As development progresses,
information metabolism gains greater importance and, in extreme
situations, all available energy is utilized for information processing.
The information-metabolism model is based on an analogy with the
structural organization of the cell, and attempts to describe
information processing as analogous to energy metabolism. According to
K?piski (1970) the metabolism of information (i.e., processing of
information) functions like a cell, i.e., it has its own border,
analogous to the cell membrane; a control center similar to the cellular
nucleus; a system for information distribution and processing, similar
to the endoplasmic reticulum and lysosome; and a source of energy,
similar to the mitochondria. At the basis of the theory lies a need for
information input which varies with time, as is acknowledged by other
theories of information processing. K?piskis view was based on a
generalization of Carnots principle, which states that the organism is
an open system and its negentropy rises or falls as results of processes
described by the laws of life conservation and species conservation,
respectively (Struzik, 1987a, p. 107). These are two principal
biological laws recognized by K?piski. He also describes two phases of
such metabolism. The first phase, which is almost entirely involuntary
and localized in lower parts of the brain (diencephalon and
rhinencephalon), establishes a basic attitude toward or against some
aspects of the environment. The second phase, which is voluntary and
localized in the neocortex, is responsible for active behavior in
relation to the environment.
Basic Functions and Structures
¶
Control Center
¶
Information metabolism occurs within a defined space and time. It has a
control center (CC)i.e., ego or the Iand functional structures
enabling reception, processing, and assimilation of information, as well
as regulation of the organismss own activities. Information metabolism
is determined by the phylogenetic and ontogenetic past of organism, but
it is also involved in pursuing aims which extend into the future. It
creates individually varying pictures (i.e., functional structures) of
the outside world, which although objectively uniform are perceived as
unique and different by each individual.
Functional Structures
¶
The term functional structure is used by K?piski for schematic
representation of perception and activity.
System of Values
¶
Decision-making is recognized as one of the basic features of life; it
has different degrees of freedom in different organismslimited in the
most primitive organisms and a maximum value in humans. The hierarchy of
values governs the mechanisms selecting and filtering the information
reaching any particular decision-making level. This system of values has
three levels (K?piski, 1977b):
The first one is biological and is concerned with all that is
described by the concept of biological programming (i.e., all that
man is born with and can control to some extent). It is determined by
two basic biological laws: self and species preservation. Depending
on how well they are established one can speak of greater or lesser
life dynamics of an individual.
The second level determines an emotional attitude (i.e., towards or
against). It is characterized by the formation of complexes, which
are emotional centers where an individuals emotional relations meet
with the environment. These centers are usually formed around an
important person from childhood and influence a persons emotional
relationships in later life. Complexes can also arise in connection
with traumatic situations and can shape an individuals attitudes
toward similar situations that occur later in life. Complexes become
fixed by repetition. The biological and emotional levels are located
below the threshold of consciousness, meaning they are automatic.
They shape a real hierarchy of values (I am really like this)
based on fixed and automatic tendencies, habits, and attitudes.
The third level is sociocultural and determines how an individual
projects himself into the future (I would like to be like this,
these are my goals, this seems most important to me). This level is
conscious and consists of an individuals aspirations, ideals, and
cultural models. It refers to the hierarchy of values of ones social
environment.
The real hierarchy of values is more important in the process of
decision-making, but final decisions are determined by all levels of the
system of values, including the ideal hierarchy. Therefore, an
individuals will can control his or her behavior to a certain degree.
Maintaining Order
¶
Order is the essence of the structure. The preservation of structure
and order in the metabolism of energy requires no effort, at least no
conscious effort, for this is taken care of by physiological mechanisms.
Their preservation in information metabolism is connected with
continuous efforts focusing on the proper selection of information
coming from the outside and inside of the organism and on the choice of
proper forms of reactions. This integrational effort is largely
unconscious. However, the part that reaches our consciousness is enough
to realize how much effort it requires to keep order in the chaos of
contradictory emotions, ideas, plans and ways of looking at the world
and ourselves, etc. Integrational efforts are conscious when they take
shape in an act of will. Information metabolism is subjectively
experienced as a pressure of sensation coming from the world outside,
which man tries to arrange and sort out under greater or lesser tension
and due to which the world of mans experiences constantly changes its
theme and color (K?piski, 1979a, p. 191), and from the world inside,
which is made up of signals coming from the interoreceptors and mans
own mental activities: dreams, plans, memories, fantasies, thoughts, and
the like.
Autonomic Psychological Activity
¶
Daydreaming is the best example of mans own mental activities.
Daydreaming is something which is most mineone has an absolute power
over it, while having no power over reality. One can only fight for it,
winning or losing in turns. The weaker the possibility of expansion and
the greater the number of limitations to ones own sphere of existence,
the richer and less realistic dreams become. In the conscious state,
however, there are some limits of tolerance to owns fantasies. When
fantasy becomes too fantastic, i.e., when it no longer can fit in the
structure of the real world, it becomes something strange and
surprising, dangerous, and comical. The world of daydreams is reduced
under the pressure of reality; what is unreal is pushed to the margin or
totally disappears from consciousness however, that which does not fit
the structure of the real world occurs in dream visions at night.
Daydreaming () belongs to the same sphere of experiences as thinking,
planning and dream visions in sleep. The limiting influence of the
structure of the real world is much stronger in the first two phenomena
and much weaker in the third. This freedom is much greater in
daydreaming. One is sovereign ruler over ones world of dreams. In the
case of sleep the situation is reversed. It is true that present reality
has hardly any influence on the form and content of ones visions, but,
at the same time, one has no power over them. On the contrary, one
remains in the power of ones visions, from which it is only sometimes
possible to free oneself by waking up an a strong act of will
(K?piski, 1979b, pp. 178181).
Sense of Reality and Feedback between an Organism and Environment
¶
One of the rules governing information metabolism says that the world
around is changeable and the organism is stable (K?piski, 1979a). Any
change in the structure of the exchange of signals with the environment
provokes an orientation reflex, which is accompanied by the feeling of
anxiety. The force of the vegetative and emotional reaction to the
outside stimulus depends on the force and the unusualness of the
stimulus and on the present state of consciousness. The reaction is
exceptionally strong when the signaling system is in a state of low
selecting ability (e.g., in sleep), which can be shown as a scale of
values changing with the situation and making one set of signals reach
the organism more easily than another.
The degree of total integration of the functions of mans nervous system
is proportional to the state of consciousness, e.g., aware
responsiveness to the environment. Any break of contact with the
surrounding world causes a relaxation of this integrating process. The
sense of reality is directly dependent on mans sensorial contact with
the environment. In mans sense of reality there is a lot of habit and
belief. Its order is disturbed whenever man faces a new, unusual
situation, when he experiences an accumulation of too many positive or
negative emotions, or when, for a longer period of time, his actions are
influenced by his negative emotional attitude toward the world around
him and to himself. The monotony of such an emotional state makes life
dull, unpleasant, and boring so that its reality becomes blurred. In
sleep reality is made up of dream visions, while in a conscious state it
is made up of the world around. Doubts arise when we consider the border
between sleep and wakefulness. In the state of wakefulness man is in a
strong feedback relationship with his surroundings; the perception
threshold for exteroceptive stimuli is lower and for interoceptive
stimuli it is higher. In sleep, on the other hand, the feedback
relationship with the surroundings is diminished. We can consider the
rhythmicity of sleep and wakefulness as a changing reactivity to
exteroceptive and interoceptive stimuli, changing mans relationship
with the environment.
A Model of Information Metabolism
¶
The metaphor of information metabolism expresses the thesis that human
experience and behavior cannot be explained by a technical model of
information processing. This process in humans is influenced to a
significant degree by the subjective meaning of information, which was
shaped during the persons individual life-history. The unique set of
experiences contained in the functional structures of a system of values
includes, especially at the emotional level, subjective emotional
complexes. These complexes cause human behavior in some situations to be
directed by subjective feelings, rather than objective logic. For this
reason the notion of information metabolism in human seems to be more
adequate than that of information processing. The model applied by
K?piski of information metabolism, in its essence, enables us to
differentiate the main elements in the structure of human experiences,
analogous to the structure and functions of biological cell. These are
presented in Figure 2.1:
Central PointI, or control center (CC in the figure). This
structure corresponds to a universal experience of being a subject of
ones own psychical activity, which controls overall ones own
activity, like the nucleus, which governs the biological cell
activity.
Boundaries (the whole cylinder in the figure), considered in the
sense of self-identity, as a means for enabling discrimination of
ones own limits and differentiating oneself from other people and
from the external world.
Functional structures shaped in earlier life, which maintain order in
space and time and layers of systems of values. Creation of this
structure may be compared to synthesis of biochemical compounds of a
biological cell.
Centers of energy necessary for preservation of metabolism or
information, i.e., proper stimuli reception, selection and
integration, as well as decision-making.
Centers of elimination, where useless and unimportant information is
removed. |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/site_map.html | Site Map¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Site Map
¶
Background
¶
Psychological Types
Information Metabolism
Introduction to socionics
Models and Functions
¶
Functions
Model A
Augusta model of the information metabolism
Model B
Model G
Model J
Model T
Articles
:
The Structure and Elements of Socionics Model A by Victor Gulenko
Accentuation of Functions
On Specialization of Functions of Model A by Tsypin
Dimensionality and Sign
:
Plus and minus
Signs of Functions of Model A by Eglit
Dimensionality of functions
Dimensionality of Functions by Eglit
Elements
¶
Information Elements
Information aspect
Introverted sensing
Extroverted sensing
Introverted intuition
Extroverted intuition
Introverted ethics
Extroverted ethics
Introverted logic
Extroverted logic
Semantics
:
The Semantics of the Information Aspects
Vocabulary
TIM Types
¶
Socionic type
Type names
Socion
Intuitive Logical Extratim (ILE)
Sensing Ethical Introtim (SEI)
Ethical Sensing Extratim (ESE)
Logical Intuitive Introtim (LII)
Sensing Logical Extratim (SLE)
Intuitive Ethical Introtim (IEI)
Ethical Intuitive Extratim (EIE)
Logical Sensing Introtim (LSI)
Sensing Ethical Extratim (SEE)
Intuitive Logical Introtim (ILI)
Logical Intuitive Extratim (LIE)
Ethical Sensing Introtim (ESI)
Intuitive Ethical Extratim (IEE)
Sensing Logical Introtim (SLI)
Logical Sensing Extratim (LSE)
Ethical Intuitive Introtim (EII)
Type Profiles
¶
profiles by Gulenko
:
ILE Profile by Gulenko
SEI Profile by Gulenko
ESE Profile by Gulenko
LII Profile by Gulenko
SLE Profile by Gulenko
IEI Profile by Gulenko
EIE Profile by Gulenko
LSI Profile by Gulenko
SEE Profile by Gulenko
ILI Profile by Gulenko
LIE Profile by Gulenko
ESI Profile by Gulenko
IEE Profile by Gulenko
SLI Profile by Gulenko
LSE Profile by Gulenko
EII Profile by Gulenko
profiles by Stratiyevskaya
ILE by Stratiyevskaya
SEI by Stratiyevskaya
ESE by Stratiyevskaya
LII by Stratiyevskaya
SLE by Stratiyevskaya
IEI by Stratiyevskaya
EIE by Stratiyevskaya
LSI by Stratiyevskaya
SEE by Stratiyevskaya
ILI by Stratiyevskaya
LIE by Stratiyevskaya
ESI by Stratiyevskaya
IEE by Stratiyevskaya
SLI by Stratiyevskaya
LSE by Stratiyevskaya
EII by Stratiyevskaya
Wikisocion Composite
:
Wikisocion ILE composite
Wikisocion SEI composite
Wikisocion ESE composite
Wikisocion LII composite
Wikisocion SLE composite
Wikisocion IEI composite
Wikisocion EIE composite
Wikisocion LSI composite
Wikisocion SEE composite
Wikisocion ILI composite
Wikisocion LIE composite
Wikisocion ESI composite
Wikisocion IEE composite
Wikisocion SLI composite
Wikisocion LSE composite
Wikisocion EII composite
Socioscope.come profiles
:
Socioscope ILE
Socioscope SEI
Socioscope ESE
Socioscope LII
Socioscope LSE
Socioscope IEI
Socioscope EIE
Socioscope LSI
Socioscope SEE
Socioscope ILI
Socioscope LIE
Socioscope ESI
Socioscope IEE
Socioscope LSI
Socioscope LSE
Socioscope EII
Other profiles
:
Socionics Type Descriptions by Filatova
Type Descriptions by Grigory Reinin
Socionics Type Profiles by Beskova
Socionics Type Profiles by T. Prokofieva and M. Kuzmina
Socionics Type Descriptions by Bukalov and Boiko
Socionics Type Descriptions by Weisband and Aushra
Socionics Type Descriptions by Blohin
Socionics Type Descriptions by Golihov
Socionics Type Profiles by V. Meged and A. Ovcharov
Socionics Type Descriptions by Piatnitskiy
Sociotype Descriptions from Socionics.ua
Type descriptions by Voroschenko - pathologies
Socionics Type Descriptions by Zamanskaya
ISTp Type Description by Rick DeLong
Type observations
¶
ILE observations
SEI observations
ESE observations
LII observations
SLE observations
IEI observations
EIE observations
LSI observations
SEE observations
ILI observations
LIE observations
ESI observations
IEE observations
SLI observations
LSE observations
EII observations
Type Domains
¶
ILE domain
SEI domain
ESE domain
LII domain
SLE domain
IEI domain
EIE domain
LIE domain
ESI domain
IEE domain
SLI domain
LSE domain
EII domain
Subtypes
¶
Subtype
subtype systems
:
Contact and Inert Subtypes by Meged and Ovcharov
System of DCNH Subtypes
DCNH Subtypes: Empirical Portraits by Vera Borisova
Subtypes descriptions
:
ILE subtypes
SEI subtypes
ESE subtypes
LII subtypes
SLE subtypes
IEI subtypes
EIE subtypes
LSI subtypes
SEE subtypes
ILI subtypes
LIE subtypes
ESI subtypes
IEE subtypes
SLI subtypes
LSE subtypes
EII subtypes
Articles:
Intratype differences
Photos
¶
Photographs of Types by Filatova
Articles
¶
Type distribution
Socionics Types and Gender Roles by Filatova
Intertype Relations
¶
Intertype relations
Symmetric Relations
Activation
Business
Conflict
Duality
Relations of extinguishment
Identity
Kindred
Illusionary
Mirror
Semi-duality
Quasi-identity
Super-ego relations
Asymmetric Relations
:
Benefit
Supervision
Reverse Benefit and Supervision
Observations
¶
Activity observations
Business observations
Conflict observations
Duality observations
Extinguishment observations
Identity observations
Kindred observations
Mirage observations
Mirror observations
Semi-duality observations
Quasi-identity observations
Super-ego observations
Benefit observations
Supervision observations
Descriptions
¶
Intertype Relations by Filatova
The Dual Nature of Man
Duality Descriptions by Meged and Ovcharov
Descriptions of Dual Relations by Gulenko
On Dual Contact by Shulman
Identical Relations by Stratiyevskaya
Relations of Duality Essays by Stratiyevskaya
Activity Relationship ENFp and ESTj by Stratiyevskaya
Activity Relations ENTp and ESFj by Stratiyevskaya
Activity Relations ESFp and ENTj by Stratiyevskaya
Activity Relations ESTp and ENFj by Stratiyevskaya
Activity Relations INFj and ISTp by Stratiyevskaya
Activity Relations INFp and ISTj by Stratiyevskaya
Activity Relations INTj and ISFp by Stratiyevskaya
Activity Relations ISFj and INTp by Stratiyevskaya
Business Relations INFp and ISFp by Stratiyevskaya
Mirror Relations ISTj and ESTp by Stratiyevskaya
Mirror Relations INFp and ENFj by Stratiyevskaya
Mirror Relations INTj and ENTp by Stratiyevskaya
Mirror Relations INTp and ENTj by Stratiyevskaya
Mirror Relations INFj and ENFp by Stratiyevskaya
Semi-duality Relations INFj and ENTj by Stratiyevskaya
Mirage Relations INTp and ENFp by Stratiyevskaya
Articles
¶
On Dual Relationships of Result Types by Tsypin
Making Duality Work by Meged
Forms of Love: Ancient and Novel by Meged
Recommendations for Harmonization of Relations on Level of Types and Their Accentuations by Meged
Socionics Type and Intertype Relations Statistics by Filatova
Dichotomies
¶
Dichotomies
Jungian foundation
Reinin dichotomies
Function dichotomies
Jungian Dichotomies
:
Extraversion and introversion
Extraversion and introversion (psychology)
Extroverted
Introverted
Sensing and intuition
Ethics and logic
Rationality and irrationality
Reinin Dichotomies
:
Carefree and farsighted
Yielding and obstinate
Statics and dynamics
Democratic and aristocratic
Constructivist and emotivist
Tactical and strategic
Positivist and negativist
Judicious and decisive
Merry and serious
Process and result
Asking and declaring
Articles
:
Reinin Dichotomies: Study Results
On Waves of Aging and Renewal: Progress Orientation in Combination with Jungian Aspects
On the Essence of Vectors of Social Progress by Dovgan
On the Correct Understanding of Dichotomy Extroversion-Introversion by Trehov and Tsypin
On the Correct Understanding of Dichotomy Rationality-Irrationality by Trehov and Tsypin
On the Correct Understanding of Dichotomy Intuition-Sensing by Trehov and Tsypin
On the Correct Understanding of Dichotomy Logic-Ethics by Trehov and Tsypin
Small groups
¶
Small groups
Quadra
¶
Quadra
Alpha Quadra
Beta Quadra
Gamma Quadra
Delta Quadra
Quadra and romantic behaviors
:
Romantic and Sexual Behavior of Quadras and Subtypes
Quadra complex
:
Alpha Quadra: The Complex of Closed Mouth by Stratiyevskaya
Beta Quadra: The Complex of Subservience by Stratiyevskaya
Gamma Quadra: The Complex of Tied Hands by Stratiyevskaya
Delta Quadra: The Complex of Clipped Wings by Stratiyevskaya
Quadra Succession
:
Quadra succession
Quadral Estafette: Silhouettes of Time Through Progression of Types by Victor Gulenko
The Clock of the Socion: Energy Dynamics of Quadra and Benefit Rings
The Laws of Quadra Succession by Stratiyevskaya
Clubs
¶
Club
Club of researchers
Club of humanitarians
Club of pragmatists
Club of socials
Temperaments
¶
Temperament
Temperament (psychology)
EJ temperament
EP temperament
IJ temperament
IP temperament
Romance Styles
¶
Romance styles
Aggressor
Victim
Caring
Childlike
Other groups
¶
Communication styles
Gulenko Cognitive Styles
Articles
¶
Life Scenarios: From Ethical Feelings to Sensory Wishes by Victor Gulenko
On Waves of Aging and Renewal: Progress Orientation in Combination with Jungian Aspects
People
¶
Psychologists
¶
Freud, Sigmund
Jung, Carl
Socionists
¶
Socionists
Augusta, Aushra
Reinin, Grigoriy
Ekaterina Filatova
Gulenko, Viktor
Bukalov, Aleksandr
Prokofyeva, Tatyana
Ganin, Sergei
Ermak, Vladimir
Eglit, Irina
Stratievskaya, Vera
Beskova, Liubov
Udalova, Elena
Trehov, Aleksei
Tsypin, Pavel
Talanov, Victor
Igor Weisband
Dovgan, Alexander
Mironov, Vladimir
Lvov, Vladimir
Lytov, Dmitriy
Meged and Ovcharov
Khrulev, Oleg
Kalinauskas, Igor
Beletskiy, Irina and Sergei
DeLong, Richard
Portrait of a Modern Socionist
Interviews and Lectures
:
Transcript of Video Interview with Victor Gulenko
Video Lectures from School of Humanitarian Socionics by Victor Gulenko
Type Identification
¶
Type diagnosis
Distance Typing From Demonstrative Functions
On Possibility of Falsification of TIM in Verbal Typing
Visual identification
Visual Identification of Subtypes
Other
¶
Socionics related
¶
Classical socionics
Architecture
Bodies and fields
Common biases in socionics
Axioms of socionics
Integral type
International Institute of Socionics
Socionics types of famous people
Socionics Demystified: A New Social Psychology for Understanding Relationships
Issues
¶
J/P switch
Related hypothesis
¶
Images and socionics
Art
Music
Music and socionics
Memetics
Dual-type theory
Other Personality Systems
¶
Jung’s Typology
Myers-Briggs Typology
Enneagram of Personality
Keirsey Temperament Theory
Psychology
¶
Personality
Personal development
Forer effect
Intelligence
Psychological compatibility
Complementarity
Philosophy
Socionic logic and philosophy
Other
¶
Pyramid Diagrams
Oldham styles
Links
¶
Wikisocion: Links
The16types.info |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/subtype.html | Subtype¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Subtype
¶
Introduction
¶
When individuals of the same socionic type can be grouped into
subcategories by certain traits, we speak of “
subtypes
.” Many
socionists use some kind of subtype system to help describe
intratype differences
. A number of such systems are
familiar to many western readers.
Subtyping Systems
¶
This subtype theory is based on the premise that, within the same type,
some individuals are inclined to have an strengthening, focus, or
accentuation of a particular function(s) of their TIM model. This
strengthening has an effect across the entire TIM model, which
introduces variations to type expression within a type. Several
socionics authors have tried to capture subtype variations in their
descriptions of subtypes. Since type subtypes modify the expression of
several traits, such as extroversion/introversion and
rationality/irrationality along with others, some socionics
practitioners recognize their influence in determining type.
The most commonly used subtype systems are 2-subtype systems such as
“Contact/Inert” and “Accepting/Producing”, and a 4-subtype system called
“Dominant/Creative/Normalizing/Harmonizing”, abbreviated as DCNH.
Accepting / Producing Subtypes
¶
Accepting/Producing subtypes refers to accentuation of
accepting functions
(1, 3, 5, 7)
versus
producing functions
(2, 4, 6, 8)
of TIM model.
Accepting subtype
corresponds to accentuation of “accepting”
functions 1, 3, 5, 7; these are Program, Ignoring, Role, and
Suggestive.
Producing subtype
corresponds to accentuation of “producing”
functions 2, 4, 6, 8; these are Creative, Demonstrative, Activating,
and Vulnerable.
Contact / Inert Subtypes
¶
This system of subtypes was proposed by V. Meged and A. Ovcharov. It is
based on the premise that within a type some individuals will be more
inclined to focus on their
inert functions
(1, 4, 6, 7), and
others, on their
contact functions
(2, 3, 5, 8).
Contact subtype
corresponds to strengthening of contact functions
2, 3, 5, 8. These are Creative, Demonstrative, Suggestive, and Role
functions
.
Inert subtype
corresponds to strengthening of inert functions 1,
4, 6, 7. These are Base, Ignoring, Activating, and Vulnerable
functions
.
Theoretical information underpinning Contact-Inert subtype system is
further described in the following articles:
Contact and Inert Functions
Contact and Inert Subtypes by Meged and Ovcharov
On Specialization of Functions of Model A by Tsypin
Terminating / Initiating Subtypes
¶
Terminating/Initiating is a subtype notation introduced by
Victor Gulenko
. This subtyping system is based on
strengthening of the
first, “program” function
versus the
second, “creative” function
of TIM model.
Terminating (or terminal) subtype
refers to streightening of the
first, “program” function.
Initiating (or initial) subtype
refers to strengthening of the
second, “creative” function.
DCNH Subtypes
¶
DCNH is a theory with 4 different subtypes proposed by Victor Gulenko.
Dominating subtype (D)
Creative subtype (C)
Normalizing subtype (N)
Harmonizing subtype (H)
Further explication and profiles of the four subtypes can be found in
the following articles:
Theory of Subtypes: System of DCNH by Victor Gulenko
DCNH Subtypes: Empirical Portraits by Vera Borisova
Notation
¶
Like the names of core socionics types, subtypes can be called by
different names (though most are fairly similar). This nomenclature can
reference a particular subtyping system a person is using or assume a
more general form. For example, type EII with strengthened second,
creative intuitive function can be called:
Ne-EII or EII-Ne (the most common notation)
EII intuitive subtype
EII creative subtype
EII contact subtype
EII producing subtype
intuitive/producing/contact EII
terminating/initiating EII
Dual-type theory
¶
Dual-type theory is the proposition that individuals are in possession
of two personality types which work together to create the experience of
reality, see
Dual-type theory
. Although this
theory is highly speculative, Carl Jung himself hinted at the
possibility of more than one simultaneous type in
Psychological Types
.
Criticism of subtype systems
¶
Critics of subtype systems say that in practice an emphasis on
identifying subtypes draws attention away from the more central task of
diagnosing type
. Subtypes can be used as a
“cop-out” to avoid taking a stance on a person’s type, or for explaining
traits and behavior that contradict the basic type the socionist has
diagnosed. Critics say that in many cases the basic type has been
incorrectly diagnosed, and the addition of a “subtype” simply masks the
contradiction.
Some socionists think that subtypes are best used to retroactively
explain behavior of a person whose type is already known.
See also
¶
Accentuation of Functions
Visual Identification of Subtypes |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/axioms.html | Axioms of socionics¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Axioms of socionics
¶
The axiomatic basis of socionics consists of the principle theses which are taken for granted within socionics. Various socionists have tried to outline the axiomatic basis of socionics.
Fundamental categories of socionic theory
¶
Information metabolism is the process of perceiving, processing, and producing information performed by the central nervous system.
An aspect of information metabolism is a category that defines a subset of information that participates in the information metabolism and possesses certain structural qualities: static/dynamic, body/field, and external/internal.
A function is a structure or module of thought that accumulates, processes, and produces information of a certain information aspect in a certain way.
A type of information metabolism is a taxonomic category that describes the relative strength or role of the different functions within the nervous system of an individual.
Axioms of socionics
¶
People can be categorized using the four Jungian dichotomies: rational / irrational, extraverted / introverted, logic / ethics, intuitive / sensing.
The resulting types formed by the four Jungian dichotomies are discrete.
IM type does not change over a person’s life (challenged by some socionists)
Interpersonal relations between people depend, to some degree, on the socionic types of the participants. |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/common_biases.html | Common biases in socionics¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Common biases in socionics
¶
One of the challenges in creating objective statements about Socionics
is that the very nature of the field invites the potential for bias. For
a simple demonstration, consider someone trying to ascertain another
persons strong
IM elements
by asking “What do you
think you can do better than everybody else?” The question itself
reflects a competitive nature, which may not be equally shared by all
people. Furthermore, it is likely that some types would phrase this
question differently from others; and similarly, some socionic types
would have an easier time responding to the question when phrased that
way.
Categories of potential causes for systemic biases in socionics include
those shown in the table of contents below.
Type, quadra, or dichotomy-centric biases
¶
Work by socionics theorists of a particular type or quadra may be
subject to point-of-view biases inherent to their own type or
quadra
. For example, because
Augusta
and
other prominent
Socionists
are from the
Alpha
quadra, their work has sometimes been suspected of
reflecting an Alpha bias. Likewise,
Vera Stratievskaya
’s type descriptions are in turn
sometimes suspected of reflecting a
Gamma
bias since her own
type is
ESI
.
Alpha-centrism
¶
An example of possible Alpha bias is that descriptions of
and
are often described in what seem to some people to be
broader, more encompassing terms than the
IM elements
of
Gamma
, being the opposing quadra. For example
is sometimes described as related to the use of logic and
understanding, as well as organization, whereas
is often
described enigmatically as related to “business logic” or random,
disconnected facts.
bias
¶
Similarly,
is often described as relating to ideas,
insight, and intellectual interest in general, whereas
is
often described more enigmatically as related to “time.” It is very
likely
Augusta
increased the territory of
in comparison to other
IM elements
to reflect the most
outstanding qualities of herself and other
ILEs
around her.
For example, here are a few lines about leading
from her
work
The Socion, or Socionics Basics
:
“When this element is in the leading position, the individual has
pronounced cognitive interests. He is constantly studying underlying
phenomena, which he is able to communicate to others quite
successfully by making complicated things simple. Likes to explain to
others his understanding of things. In favorable conditions becomes a
scientist or writer”
1 <http://www.socionics.us/works/socion2.shtml>
The rest of the description is probably objective, but this section
above would apply to many people of other types with pronounced
intellectual interests. Over time this bias seems to have weakened in
Russian socionics, and statements such as Augusta’s are now rare among
publishing socionists. However, in forums and informal discussions they
are sometimes brought up by amateurs who have picked up the bias from
socionics literature.
ILE bias
¶
The
ILE
bias comes from
Augusta
herself and is
closely related to the one above. According to Augusta’s original
conception of type roles,
ILEs
were seen as being a type that
sees the hidden roots of phenomena (supposedly
) and
arranges them into a system or theory (
). For many years
Augusta
and her associates assumed that scientists and
thinkers who generated new theories were
ILEs
(people like
Einstein, Bohr,
Newton, and Darwin). Later,
she and others seemed to recognize this mistake, but the ILE bias has
still not been completely undone. Just as “health” does not equate
exactly to
, “theory” does not equate exactly to
, and people of different types may tend to generate
theories of a slightly different nature.
Intuitive bias
¶
In popular socionics, intellectual inquisitiveness and a focus on “the
big picture” is often associated with
intuition
, while
sensing
is associated with a “focus on details” or a
preoccupation with “the here and now.” While such a division may appear
to be true for many or most people, intellectual sensers may not
identify with the image presented by some descriptions of
sensing
. Such popular descriptions add attributes shared
by most or all highly
intelligent
people to the
“intuitive” category, leading to possible systematic
typing
errors.
Misinterpreting the behavior of other types
¶
This category is similar to type- or quadra-related bias. However, here,
the issue is that in describing a given type, one may notice behaviors
that appear foreign. Hence, one’s description of a given type may
reflect how odd or mysterious that type seems to oneself.
Examples
One possible example is the common assertion that ILIs are
predisposed against new ideas because of their being new. A number of
factors may create this impression from the perspective of other types,
such as that ILIs may:
View criticism as being an important form of contribution, which may
have the effect of making it seem that they don’t like the idea
they’re criticizing
Tend not to display enthusiasm to the degree of other types (because
of
subdued
Fe
)
Not want their primary role to be in the area of practical
implementation, including implementation of other people’s ideas
Take too little initiative in promoting their own ideas
Be perfectionistic about their own ideas and therefore resentful when
people with less honed ideas get more attention for them
A combination of these factors may cause ILIs to seem predisposed
against new ideas when that may not necessarily be the case.
National and cultural biases
¶
Cultural differences in overall demeanor, norms, and the ways people
express themselves may influence type descriptions.
Russian vs. Western views
Competing typologies, such as the
MBTI
theory, which
developed in the U.S. are sometimes described by Russian Socionists as
too optimistic, showing too little of the dark side of the various
types. In contrast, people from the West may be surprised by the
degree to which Socionics types are described as melancholic. This
difference may reflect differences in the degree to which people in
different cultures tend to express melancholy, morose, pensive
characteristics in public–or, on the contrary, the degree to which
they are conditioned by their culture to express bright, optimistic
qualities. In addition, socionics types’s “weaknesses” as perceived by
other types, usually reflecting the super-ego functions, are a central
part of the socionics conception of types, while
MBTI
descriptions tend to focus only on each type’s “strengths”, an
approach that Russian socionists tend to see as too “politically
correct” and avoiding of a frank discussion of the types.
Passing on descriptive elements without fully knowing their source
¶
Many type descriptions contain similar phrases about very specific
behaviors that have no connection to the position of
functions
in
Model A
. A famous example is
a phrase from
Weisband’s
early descriptions that
LIEs
are “inclined towards alpinism.” If these don’t reference
specific studies supporting them, then it becomes very difficult to
ascertain the validity of such statements. Potentially, an observation
made on a small number of people may get copied from description to
description and hence become “standard” in type descriptions (or
descriptions of other groupings), hence perpetuating a somewhat biased
understanding. Collective discussion and criticism lessens the frequency
of these “random” tidbits.
Associating specific interests and topic areas with types
¶
A kind of bias related to the other categories comes from describing
types, quadras, and IM elements in terms of specific interests and topic
areas. For example, a person might associate interest in the arts with
being an ethical type, interest in pure sciences with being an Alpha NT,
and interest in applied sciences with being a Gamma NT. While some
people regard these socionic “stereotypes” as completely valid, others
point out that they’re also inaccurate for a number of people.
One problem with this kind of type-interest linkage is that it fails to
take into account the roles other IM elements may play within in a
particular interest. For example, it is commonly suggested that an
interest in health is related to
. However, when one
thinks of the breadth of activities that may be related to health, it
becomes apparent that many different functions might be involved:
Gathering and analyzing the latest research on nutrition
Predicting global trends related to world health
Coming up with innovative solutions to health problems
Developing formulas for maintaining good health
Fostering relationships for good psychological health
Using spiritual or emotional means to influence physiological health
By considering the breadth of what’s involved in “health,” it becomes
clear that more IM elements than
may be involved.
Describing socionic categories using language that is foreign to that category
¶
The authors of
The Semantics of the Information Aspects
found that many
existing descriptions of
information aspects
used language that did not resonate with the aspects themselves. For
example, many descriptions of
contain the word
“mysticism,” which did not resonate with individuals with
as a strong function. “Mysticism” was an external interpretation of the
interests and behaviors of types with strong
, but was not
how these types themselves perceived things.
Other examples may be when sensers are described as being “focused only
on the here and now,” or intuiters as being “impractical.” The first
sounds like something an intuitive type would say about sensers, while
the second sounds like what a sensing type might think about many
intuiters.
It could be argued that describing Socionics categories from the
perspective of how those of an opposing category may describe them is
legitimate, valuable information. The bias comes if this isn’t done
evenly for every category (i.e., if some categories are described from
an internal viewpoint, and others from a more external viewpoint).
Research on how people of different categories describe themselves and
are described by people of other categories, and clearly annotated
information based on such research, may help in overcoming such bias.
Over-emphasis on duality and intra-quadra relationships
¶
Because Socionics was developed largely to understand behavior in
long-term personal relationships, the benefits of certain relationships
in other settings may be overlooked. For example, the impression is
created that relations between
opposing quadras
are adversarial; however, in many settings these relations may be more
agreeable than predicted (especially
Contrary
and
Super-Ego relations
). In an atmosphere that
emphasizes purely intellectual discussion and doesn’t require emotional
or practical support,
Alpha
and
Gamma
NT types
may find a certain complementarity.
Duality
is emphasized in Socionics because it involves
complementarity at all levels. However, other relationships have their
own merits.
External Links
¶
Limitations of
Socionics
,
Mixed
Effects of
Socionics
by
Rick DeLong |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/complementarity.html | Complementarity¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Complementarity
¶
Complementarity is a corollary of duality as applied to elements, functions, and dichotomies, all of which describe how and why duals are the most compatible types.
Complementary IM elements
¶
Quadra values comprise two pairs of complementary elements, which must be either both valued or both subdued.
Ne and Si
Ni and Se
Fe and Ti
Fi and Te
Complementary functions
¶
Function x in a type’s Model A always contains the same element as function x +/- 4 in its dual’s Model A. Thus the complementation of elements may be generalized to complementation of functions.
Leading and Suggestive
Creative and Mobilizing
Role and Ignoring
Vulnerable and Demonstrative
Complementary dichotomies
¶
For any given dichotomy, one’s dual has to have either the same or the opposite trait. Quadra values become a specific instance of this, due to the dichotomies of merriness and seriousness (Fe/Ti vs. Fi/Te) and judiciousness and decisiveness (Si/Ne vs. Se/Ni). |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/jp_switch.html | J/P switch¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
J/P switch
¶
The “
J/P switch
” issue is something that most people encounter who enter the socionics community via Myers-Briggs Typology. The J/P switch is one proposed correspondence between the two typologies, and is the source of continual debate. The main issue is whether or not the two systems even share identical (as opposed to merely similar) functional definitions. If they do not, there is no point in even addressing the matter of the J/P switch at all; if they do, other issues must then be addressed.
Origins and Implications of the J/P switch
¶
Some maintain that judging introverts in MBTI map to irrational (“perceiving”) introverts in socionics, and perceiving introverts to rational (“judging”) introverts, with extraverted types remaining the same. The rationale for this is based on an equivalence between the two theories’ functional models. According to MBTI theory, the leading function of judging introvert is an introverted perceiving function (Si or Ni), while perceiving introverts’ leading function is a judging function (Fi or Ti). Myers and Briggs maintained that introverts make contact with the world through their second, extraverted function, and decided to define judging or perceiving through the second function rather than the first, as in socionics. According to MBTI theory, if the 1st function is judging, then the 2nd is perceiving, and vice versa. For MBTI extraverts, it is the leading function that determines perceiving or judging.
Therefore, if we look at the functional structure of an MBTI INFP, we actually see the functions of a socionics EII (or INFj):
INFP = (1) introverted feeling, (2) extraverted intuition
The official theoretical MBTI definition of J/P is thus identical in structure to the Dynamic/Static Reinin dichotomy, again on the assumption of functional equivalence. For example, an LII or “Ti Ne” which is classified as static (introvert*rational), would be expected to test as an INTP, whereas an ILE, which is extrovert*irrational, and predicted to test as ENTP, would be Static as well. In Socionics an LII (along with LSI, EII, and ESI) is commonly called a j type (lowercase is preferred) because it is rational, yet the term “static” applies nonetheless. The converse, that MBTI J corresponds to Dynamic, is implied as well.
Arguments against the J/P switch
¶
Others deny the validity of the J/P switch, maintaining that since Myers-Briggs Typology does not attempt to measure introverted and extraverted forms of functions directly, and since it does not define the functions and their forms in the same way as Socionics, the Myers-Briggs view of functions cannot directly be compared to Socionics functions as defined by Model A.
One argument in favor of this claim is type descriptions. If you ignore the functional ordering and focus on the type descriptions, they say, descriptions of perceiving introverts in MBTI best fit those of irrational introverts in socionics. Based on descriptions, an MBTI INFP could map best to a socionics IEI, or “INFp”.
Another argument is that MBTI is in many ways a very different and less sophisticated theory than socionics, and that any attempt to definitively measure socionics type in terms of MBTI type is by nature flawed. Socionics was originally developed on the basis of intertype relations, which its dichotomies were chosen to reflect (unlike the dichotomies used in MBTI). Proponents of this viewpoint often acknowledge some correlation between the types (ie an MBTI ESTJ is more likely to be a socionics ST than NF) but usually assume that any type or most types are possible socionics types for a person with a specific MBTI type, and vice versa.
The former view can be said to be more helpful for those looking into socionics after getting acquainted with Myers-Briggs, since despite the confusion when looking at functional ordering, as a rule the types as described in most Myers-Briggs profiles tend to resemble more the socionics types without the J/P shift. In addition, despite differences in definition, overall Myers-Briggs Judgement resembles more socionics Rationality, and its Perception more socionics Irrationality, than the other way around, so it makes no sense to say that a rational extroverted socionics type is closer to a judging socionics type, but the other way around for introverts.
Other factors related to the J/P switch
¶
Despite the origins of the J/P switch, a number of other related factors are often brought into discussions about this subject.
For those against the J/P switch, the notion of temperaments and its similarity to associated groupings in Myers-Briggs Typology is often discussed as a reason for mappings that don’t use the J/P switch.
On the other hand, the concept of quadra values is often brought up as a possible confounding element. Specifically, types that value extroverted sensing are sometimes described as action-oriented, which may be confused with rationality. Types that value extroverted intuition are sometimes described as speculative and open to new opportunities, which may be confused with irrationality.
As a result, some people have suggested a modified version of the J/P switch in which the J/P switch is made for intuitive types only, but not for sensing types. On the basis of this reasoning, one might view the J/P dichotomy as similar to the Judiciousness and decisiveness dichotomy. This, however, leaves a problem in the area of how to interpret J/P in extraverted sensing types.
Empirical data
¶
Dmitri Lytov reports[1] an experiment related to possible mappings between typologies, although it uses Keirsey type descriptions instead of MBTI results. In this experiment, 108 socionists were asked to read all Keirsey type descriptions and rate which Socionics type was being described. Although the main conclusion of the author was that the results simply demonstrated the lack of correlation between the typologies, the table of results could be viewed as mildly supportive of the J/P switch for IN– Keirsey types, and not at all for IS– Keirsey types.
However, one must be warned against making overly firm conclusions from these data, because the evaluators tended to choose extroverted rather than introverted Socionics types when rating Keirsey INTJ descriptions: Far more socionists in the experiment typed the INTJ description as SLE or LIE rather than as LII or ILI. These results can only be called odd from the point of view of a correlation between Keirsey and socionics. The article, moreover, acknowledges that the study does not represent the definitive mapping between the typologies, and states the position that Keirsey typings are further from Socionics than MBTI typings.
Alternative mappings
¶
An alternative mapping that is sometimes proposed is between Judging/Perceiving in Myers-Briggs typology and Judiciousness and decisiveness, where Judging = Decisiveness and Perceiving = Judiciousness. The reasoning is that Ni is perceived by some Socionics to be related to time awareness and sequence, and Se related to action. Similarly, Judging/Perceiving is often discussed by professional Myers-Briggs practitioners as relating to a person’s oriented to time (i.e., as one likes things to be scheduled or not, given that one has a choice). This hypothesis is equally controversial. |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/diagnosis.html | Type diagnosis¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Type diagnosis
¶
Warning
This page or section is
incomplete
. Additional contributions are needed.
There are many approaches used to identify socionic types.
Theory
¶
Approaches
¶
Comparison to type descriptions
¶
One of the most common and obvious methods to type someone, and oneself,
is to make comparisons to type descriptions written by presumably
qualified socionists. This is probably the preferred method to all
newcomers to socionics, not so much by more experienced socionists, who
eventually build up their own conception of each type in their minds,
not needing to rely very often on descriptions written by others.
For the less experienced socionists, type descriptions ideally provide a
quick glimpse of what representatives of each type typically are in real
life, “on average” so to speak, and are often helpful in at least
eliminating types that are very obviously different from the person
being typed.
The major flaw of this approach is the risk of confusing information
conveyed by the type description as being essential to the type when
that is not the case. For instance, a description may mention that
representatives of one type tend to display particular behavioral
traits, or interests in certain activities, which may well be indeed
very common among that type and yet not be essential to it functionally.
This may lead one to dismiss a certain type as likely for a given person
for what is in reality a minor reason.
Type descriptions are very useful as illustrations of how the functional
preferences are commonly manifested in external behavioral traits, but
they can also be misleading if such behavioral traits have other origins
in particular individuals. Above all, the “check-list” approach to type
descriptions, as in marking which percentage of the traits described in
descriptions can be observed in the person being typed, maximizes this
problem and should be avoided.
Some socionists are of the opinion that type descriptions should be best
regarded as a didactic tool to learn socionics rather than tools for
typing.
Written tests
¶
Usually written tests provide multiple-choice options that are supposed
to distinguish between poles of
dichotomies
. The goal
of written tests is to objectively assess type, eliminating any one
socionist’s biases from the procedure. However, the difficulty is to
accurately convey to the test-taker what the dichotomies or
elements
really mean. Problems of interpretation get in
the way, especially if the test-taker is unfamiliar with socionic types.
An experienced socionist often does not expect these problems, and gets
a rude shock when they appear.
If the socionist augments multiple-choice tests with further explanation
and examples, their accuracy can increase.
Interview methods
¶
Visual identification
¶
Challenges
¶
Many professional socionists who use an interviewing method have to deal
with the issue of “
masks
,” or behavior that people exhibit in
unfamiliar or unwelcoming circumstances or when they are asked about
themselves. Some of these masks can even be explained socionically.
Self-concept, or one’s self-knowledge, is the basis
of one’s answers to traditional type tests and is not necessarily
exactly in line with one’s socionic type. Many circumstances can
influence self-concept and make the individual present a picture of
himself that may be inaccurate. However, the objectivity of self-concept
is almost impossible to assess during one visit or interview. |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/type_distribution.html | Type distribution¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Type distribution
¶
Different socionists have different views on the distribution of
socionic types in the population, whether in Ukraine,
Russia, Europe, or the United
States. Only a limited number of statistical studies
have been performed, and the results of type tests are universally
recognized among socionists to be unreliable judges of type
distribution, for reasons of selection bias and the general
defects of tests
. In contrast, type distribution statistics in
western typologies such as
MBTI
are amassed specifically from
test results.
The different views include, but are not limited to, the following.
Roughly even type distribution
¶
While there are no poll numbers to cite, probably about 30-40% of
socionists believe that types are roughly evenly distributed. Personal
experience, typing statistics, and logical arguments are cited to
support this view.
Reasoning and response
¶
Uneven type distribution
¶
There is a wide range of opinions on which
traits
are more
common. Generally, socionists seem to agree that
rational
and
irrational
types are equally common, and most
socionists consider the number of
extratims
and
introtims
to be roughly equal, but there is disagreement
about whether there are more intuitive or sensing types, and logical and
ethical types. Personal experience, typing statistics, and,
occasionally, logical arguments are cited to support these views, but
there is little consensus on the prevailing traits.
Reasoning and response
¶
Uneven distribution by dichotomies, but even quadra distribution
¶
Reasoning and response
¶
External links
¶
Socionic Type Distribution Statistics
article in favor of even type distribution with statistical sets provided |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/vi.html | Visual identification¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Visual identification
¶
Visual identification
, or “VI”, as it is commonly called, refers to
the process of identifying socionic types based on visual information
alone. Depending what method the socionist has developed, this term may
refer to any of the following:
diagnosing types based on photographs or their appearance and
movements in video
diagnosing types based on people’s appearance and movements in real
life
using the above as part of the type diagnosis process, but not
exclusively
Most often, among enthusiasts, to VI someone means making a guess about
a type based on photographs.
Among socionists who render
typing
services for a fee, a
pure VI approach is rare. Many proponents of visual identification are
not confident enough of their method to rely solely upon pictures. Here
is a list of those who diagnose based on photos alone:
Timofey Dukhovskoy (St. Petersburg, Russia), also known as “Tipolog”
(
The Typologist
).
“Physiognomical Socionics” website
(Russian only)
Anatoliy Grechinsky (Kiev, Ukraine)
“Research Inculcating ompany “Socionic Technologies”
website
(somewhat
readable English)
It should be noted that neither of these socionists communicates much
with other socionists or is particularly respected among the community
of socionists (Grechinsky more so than Dukhovskoy). This is because of
their claims of infallibility and authoritarian attitude. Perhaps there
are other lesser known socionists who diagnose types using VI alone but
are not stigmatized.
Among those who apply VI in
type diagnosis
, two
groups can be recognized:
Those who associate static (unchanging physiological) facial and body
features with socionic traits and types.
Those who associate dynamic (changing, non-physiological) aspects of
a person’s appearance, facial expressions, poses and movements with
socionic traits and types.
Use of either or both of the above approaches as one of the
considerations in
type diagnosis
is common among
socionists.
Typing by static facial and physical features
¶
See
Visual Identification of Subtypes
Typing by dynamic, changeable facial and physical features
¶
With greater experience in diagnosing types comes a certain intuitive
“sense” for each type’s behavior. Experienced socionists can often
identify a new acquaintance’s type very quickly, even within minutes, by
subconscious comparison with past acquaintances. However, these kinds of
typings are always subject to further testing.
Video typing
¶
For typing celebrities,
Youtube
and
Google
videos are quite useful
(especially interviews), as they allow a glimpse into a person’s
moment-to-moment mannerisms, which are usually the foundation of typing
individuals in person. In some cases, striking examples of
intertype
relations
can also be found in videos.
Example(s) of video analysis
¶
Bill Maher - Christopher Hitchens: an example of
Conflict
¶
This
video
(and other
slightly different versions) shows a rather intense exchange between
author
Christopher
Hitchens
and talk
show host
Bill Maher
. It
starts with Hitchens making his point by listing facts that support his
argument (that the Iranian president is a serious threat). He does the
same later when listing those who have made “stupid Bush” jokes. That is
the use of
. Maher counter-argues by flatly making a
statement on Bush “so does George Bush, by the way” based on his own
views of Bush, without making his case or addressing Hitchen’s points
themselves. That is
, which in the specific situation and
timing acts by steering the
emotional atmosphere of the
audience, leading to the loud laughter. Hitchens gets annoyed at his
arguments being simply ignored and neutralized by
; other types might be influenced by it and laugh
themselves, but Hitchens attacks it heads-on when he says that the
audience is “frivolous” and “will clap at anything”. He is displaying
focus on his own
inner state rather than on the
external state of the room, which even affronts him,
backing that with his aggressive use of profanity which in the situation
can be seen as use of
. The same pattern is repeated in
the later discussion on “stupid Bush” jokes. Hitchens is using
,
and strongly focusing on his
over the external
external emotional
atmosphere. These are the functional preferences of the
Gamma
quadra and of Hitchen’s likely type,
ESI
.
Maher’s own functional use is not so clear in this version of the video,
but here he focuses on
points and relies on steering the
emotional atmosphere of the audience; he does not even
try to respond to Hitchen’s somewhat aggressive stance and retains a
sort of “let’s look at the funny side” stance; Maher has preference on
over
. His functional preferences are
consistent with the
Alpha
quadra and so of Maher’s own
likely type,
ILE
. Their types are
Conflictors
. |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/integral_type.html | Integral type¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Integral type
¶
Warning
This page or section is
incomplete
. Additional contributions are needed.
Integral type is a way of socionically characterizing large communities (such as large organizations, subcultures, or even entire nations) according to socionic type, in much the same way as an individual. It is most often applied to countries, which are almost invariably associated with distinct cultural stereotypes, in which some elements feature prominently (corresponding to the Ego), and some are noticeably subdued.
Manifestations of each element in a community:
Te: useful products, work, efficiency, pragmatism, knowledge
Fe: public emotional expression
Ti: logical thinking, correctness of ideas
Fi: personal bonds, sensitivity
Se: willpower, overcoming obstacles
Ne: abstract speculation, exchange of ideas
Si: attention to aesthetics and clothing, appreciation of food, drink and relaxation
Ni: preservation of heritage, history, creating permanent things, a sense of vision and mission
Examples
¶
Belgium as SEI
¶
Belgium and more specifically its French-speaking Wallonia region: a great social, cultural, touristic and even economic focus is placed on enjoying good food over a very long and leisurely meal. Even in very small villlages, the existing restaurants are individually pointed out with official traffic signs. The most “typical” way of spending a Saturday afternoon is to enjoy a lengthy meal with alcoholic drinks in a large group in one of the participants’ house, lasting all the way into the night; for this reason, even middle-sized Wallonian cities look remarkably empty and quiet in the Saturday afternoons if compared to similar cities in neighboring countries. Moreover, the concentration of bookshops even in larger cities such as Brussels is very noticeably thin, again in comparison to other European countries such as the United Kingdom and Germany. All of this, seen as general trends within a country, suggests Alpha values with a particular focus on Symbol s.gif and very low importance given to Te, as well as a preference for low levels of energy, which suggests the IP temperament. Therefore it can be said that the integral type of Wallonia and perhaps even of Belgium as a whole is SEI, which however is not meant to have any correlation to the distribution of the individuals in that region.
Criticism
¶
The idea of integral types appeared fairly early in socionics, but the use of this concept is frequently contested. If socionic type is taken as a theory of the individual human psyche, then what reason is there to think that it is applicable to groups of people? |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/quadra_succession.html | Quadra succession¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Quadra succession
¶
Warning
This page or section is
incomplete
. Additional contributions are needed.
The theory of quadra succession was suggested by Kiev socionists in the late 1980s (needs to be confirmed). According to this concept, which has not been clearly elucidated in writing, the evolution of large groups — and especially the organization and leadership style of the group — tends to follow from quadra to quadra over time, with each quadra “preparing the way” for the advent of the next. According to this idea, people who belong to different quadras tend to play a prominent, decisive role in group development at different stages of its development.
Links
¶
The Clock of the Socion: Energy Dynamics of Quadra and Benefit Rings
The Laws of Quadra Succession by Stratiyevskaya
List of publications relating to quadra succession and quadras in society
Discussion of quadra succession on popular forum
Delta Forever!
Discussion of quadra succession on the16types.info |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/dimensionality.html | Dimensionality of functions¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Dimensionality of functions
¶
Introduction
¶
Dimensionality of a function
is the number of qualitative
information processing parameters in the framework of which a function
of
model A
is capable of processing information. Each
function has two characteristics: the amount of accumulated experience
and its ability to process information, which is also known as the
“strength” of the function. The concepts of dimensionality was
introduced when it was noticed that a weaker function that has, for one
reason or another, accumulated a lot of experience is easily mistaken
for a strong function, which can lead to errors in typing. To resolve
this issue, the concept of functional dimensionality was proposed by
Kiev socionists (
Bukalov
,
Yermak
)
and is now widely applied by socionists from various schools. A summary
of this concept is given below.
Four dimensions
¶
The four information processing parameters of each function of model A
are:
Experience
(
Ex
) = the ability to recognize patterns and make
generalizations based on personal experience. This is the first
qualitative parameter of information processing of a function. This
parameter is present in all functions - all functions are able to
gather and use life experience of a person. This is the individual
experience of perception of information on some aspect.
Norms
(
Nr
) = the ability to recognize and apply standard
practices from one’s surroundings. This is the second qualitative
parameter of information processing of a function. Use of norms is
attributable to all functions except for painful and suggestive. This
is information concerning the assessment of the aspect by others,
i.e. an instrument for evaluating it in terms of “as is customary”,
“as it should be”.
Situation
(
St
) = the ability to recognize and respond to the
subtleties of specific situations. This is the third qualitative
parameter of information processing of a function, that is an
attribute only of strong functions. This is the ability to develop
new solutions within the parameters of a particular situation, i.e.
taking into account situation specific properties and circumstances.
Time
(
Tm
) = the ability to recognize and envision development
over time. This is the fourth qualitative parameter of information
processing of a function. Time is attributable only to the 1st and
8th functions of model A. This is the ability to evaluate (to
transfer) of the situation in time, to model a situation in another
time frame (not to be confused with the intuition of time).
Dimensionality of Functions of Model A
¶
1-dimensional functions process information on a single parameter of
experience; 2-dimensional function - on two parameters: experience and
norms; 3-dimensional function - on three parameters: experience, norms,
situation; 4-dimensional functions - on four parameters: experience,
norms, situation, and time.
The dimensionality of
functions
of model A is as
follows.
* Leading function (1) and Demonstrative function (8) have
4-dimensions: Ex, Nr, St, Tm.
Creative function (2) and Ignoring function (7) have 3-dimensions:
Ex, Nr, St.
Activating function (6) and Role function (2) have 2-dimensions: Ex,
Nr.
Suggestive function (4) and Vulnerable function (5) have 1-dimension:
Ex.
Functions
Dimensionality
Encompassed
dimensions
(1,8) Leading,
Demonstrative
4-dimensional (4D)
Experience, Norms,
Situation, Time
(2,7) Creative,
Ignoring
3-dimensional (3D)
Experience, Norms,
Situation
(3,6) Activating,
Role
2-dimensional (2D)
Experience, Norms
(4,5) Suggestive,
Vulnerable
1-dimensional (1D)
Experience
Functions of Model A
¶
function
dim
function
dim
blocks
1st Program
4D
2nd Creative
3D
Ego
4th Vulnerable
1D
3rd Role
2D
Super-ego
6th Activating
2D
5th Suggestive
1D
Super-id
7th Ignoring
3D
8th Demonstrative
4D
Id
1-dimensional functions - 4th (vulnerable) and 5th (suggestive)
functions
of Model A. These functions are capable of using only one
parameter of Experience. Absorbing and processing information on the
aspects of 1-dimensional functions is difficult. Here the person relies
only on individual life experience that either he or she has lived
through in the past or has observed of others. In other words, on these
aspects a person learns only on own mistakes, while any explanations are
not accepted and processed. When a new situation arises for which there
is no already available template of behavior, a person may chose the
next readily available one, which may not be entirely appropriate
(inadequate or inappropriate behavior), or may even completely refuse to
respond on the relevant aspects and instead shift emphasis to own strong
functions.
2-dimensional functions - 3rd (role) and 6th (activating) functions
of model A. These functions are capable of using two parameters of Norms
and Experience. 2-dimensional functions can process both experiential
information and information that comes from “theory” i.e. from
experience of other people with no need to personally live through it,
that is, from collective experiences that form social norms. On the
aspects of these functions a person is able to learn from explanations
and books written by others on how it “should be” and about typical
solutions and normative methods. However, the person further proceeds to
use this information in a standardized manner, not taking into account
the specifics of various situations i.e. without situation appropriate
modification of this information.
3-dimensional functions - 2nd (creative) and 7th (ignoring)
functions
of model A. These functions are capable of using three
parameters of Situation, Norms, and Experience. 3-dimensional functions
can process information on their aspects accounting for personal
experience, norms, as well as the specifics of the current situation. As
a result, these functions are characterized by creative use of
accumulated experience and “theory”, adapting these to the concurrent
situation or applying this information to completely different fields.
They are able to combine person’s experience from different life
situations in such a way that it allows to solve some new problems in
new situations that a person hasn’t previously encountered.
4-dimensional functions - 1st (leading) and 8th (demonstrative)
functions
of model A. These functions are capable of using four
parameters of Time, Situation, Norms, and Experience. 4-dimensional
functions can process information of their aspects accounting for
experience, norms, situation, as well as time, that is, they can
transfer their assessment of a given situation along the time axis. This
gives 4-dimensional functions high proficiency in prognosing of
information on their aspects. These functions are capable of working
“ahead of time” i.e. seeing the different contingencies and results of
some experience or situation before its realization. Ability to compound
diverse situations over time allows 4-dimensional functions to derive
some general global level understanding on their aspects, that serves as
main pool of understanding for a person and that is difficult to convey
in its entirety. These functions are capable of coming up with something
that is radically new in principle.
Other Notes on Function Dimensionality
¶
Addendum to 4-dimensional functions written by
Irina Eglit
in “Four Parameters: experience, norms,
situation, and time (or globality)”:
“Let’s imagine that you were shown a single frame of a situation and
asked how you would you act in this case? Your data processing in
this case will depend on the dimensionality of the function. The
3-dimensional function will process the information that is presented
by this single frame situation to decide how to act in this
situation. The 4-dimensional function will process the information
concerning this single frame situation, and all the frames preceding
that frame, and all the possible follow-up shots, to come to a
decision. The 4-dimensional function cannot simply be limited to the
situation, for it does not see the situation as static but as a
development. Therefore, the solution coming from these two functions
will be different. The 4th dimension - is a dynamic perception of the
ever-changing world.”(c)
1-dimensional functions from
School of System
Socionics
page:
Any information that ends up in a one-dimensional function is
assessed by the function as pleasant or unpleasant. Natural (from the
viewpoint of one-dimensional function) reaction when encountering an
“unpleasant” information is the desire to get rid of it, to turn
away, not to take it into account, to pretend that it does not exist,
to forget, to fence off in any way.
One of the methods of “getting away” is mental time hastening - “I
wish it ends quickly,” which leads to the feverishness of the
function. Thinking becomes impatient, shallow and very narrow. It can
be compared with the rapid running through dark places, when your
field of vision is narrowed to a spot, you do not want to see
anything around. Reactions are accelerated, there is haste. We are
hurriedly doing something to get rid of the unpleasant thing faster:
we quickly tinker through our relationship, we hastily make our
calculation, or in general, we quickly react to the information
related to the element of our one-dimensional function. This, of
course, often leads to mistakes, and we get the opposite of what we
have hoped for - we do not get rid of the unwanted situation, we make
it worse. Trying to “run through” the situation at high speed, just
to feel relieved that it’s over, deep down, we still feel that we are
failing and we feel “suspended.”
From “Structure of Model A” published at Socionics Research Institute:
“In presence of harmonious development, these 4 vectors are balanced
in an individual. If one or more of these vectors are amplified in
comparison to others, it may indicate distortions in development.
If a person has strengthened vector of globality, this is reflected
by the fact that he sees things globally, such as projects, events,
and people, and can see significant developments and challenges; at
the same time he exaggerates their value.
If a person has strengthened vector of situation, this is reflected
in the fact that he easily orients in different situations, quickly
and successfully adapts to events, and finds many creative solutions;
at the same time he may be opportunistic and easily change his
opinion and position.
If a person has strengthened vector of norms, he carefully and
accurately follows social norms and standards in both work and
informal communication, in appearance, in style of speech (as he
understands them), and ensures that the rules and the order are not
violated.
If a person has strengthened vector of personal experience, in most
situations he relies primarily on himself or herself, on own
experience and own opinions, while ignoring the opinions of others
and not learning from the mistakes of others; he cannot broadly and
creatively look at the situation, and evaluates people “by his own
yardstick”.
From Sociomodel.ru:
“To give a simplified figurative example of the above descriptions,
explaining anything on a 1-dimensional function, that “one should not
step on the rake”, is meaningless: until a person steps on the rake
and gets hit by it, he or she won’t “absorb” any recommendations and
explanations; then, after getting hit by the rake, a person may not
understand why this has happened and in the future may avoid anything
resembling a rake even distantly (1-dimensional functions have skewed
and distorted perception). A 2-dimensional function will understand
and remember the advice that “one should not step on a rake”, but it
will remember it in a formulaic sense and always apply it, even in
situations when it’s possible to break this rule without any
consequences (such as when a rake is standing vertically against a
wall), until once again a person tries this out directly. In contrast
to a 2-dimensional function, a 3-dimensional function is capable of
seeing and distinguishing such “exceptional” situations. Finally, a
4-dimensional function does not need to be given such advice: looking
at the rake, it is capable of perceiving what consequences can arise
as a result of stepping on it.”
See also
¶
1st
Dimension
2nd
Dimension
3rd
Dimension
4th
Dimension
Description of Function Dimensionality from School of System
Socionics
Indicators of
Dimensionality
Model A |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/dual_type_theory.html | Dual-type theory¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Dual-type theory
¶
Warning
This page is about a theory constructed by a single western socionist. There might only be a handful of socionists who believe in it.
Dual-type theory is the proposition that individuals are in possession of two personality types which work together to create the experience of reality. The second type is described as an “energy” type which recognizes and processes the energies exerted by the eight information aspects. The postulation that all aspects of reality are categorized by the information elements used by socionics implies that the energy forms can themselves only be described in terms of these elements if they are to be apprehended at all. These energic forms of the eight elements are referred to as “aspects of information exerted” which are employed by the information metabolism type defined in classical socionics.
The assumption of an energic type’s existence is made on the same basis as for the metabolism type: it is evolutionarily advantageous to have specialized understanding of one’s use of energy. Therefore there exist two types: one of information metabolism and one of exertion, whose contents must be processed separately from each other due to the mass-energy separation laws accepted by classical physics. The necessity for mass-energy separation exists due to the existence of the separate types, which in turn is owed to the separation. The circularity of the preceding statement demonstrates the potential the understanding of dual-type theory holds for human knowledge, especially questions of philosophy.
Dual-type theory conflicts with classical socionics’ assertion that one selects from the available information to a given information element that which is most suitable to the situation observed, and then exerts energy of the same element to confront the situation. Dual-type theory argues that the energy exerted need not be of the same element as the apprehending element; that the use of energy is specialized in the individual independently of their information metabolism; and that the specializations follow the same differentiation rules as do the metabolism elements owing to the fact that energy is merely a motive form of the eight information aspects they apprehend. Dual-type theory observes information metabolism as a determining factor over actions taken, labeling the metabolism type the “master” type and the exertion type the “slave” type. Dual-type theory assumes the energic elements complement the metabolizing elements by limiting their range of considerations, thereby assisting them in their roles as functions of personality as defined in Model A.
The Exerted Information Elements
¶
Introverted Intuition (Cumulative Progression)
¶
The processing of the cumulative progression of an information metabolism element’s activity, abstractly described by the algorithmic series “A + B = A + B = A …”, whereas A and B are cases of information observed by the metabolism type.
Extraverted Intuition (Spontaneous Instantiation)
¶
The spontaneous emergence of a new case of information into being, made possible by the release of the potential energy held by one or more objects. The case is of the metabolizing element.
Extraverted Logic (Bond Logic)
¶
The act of a link or bind between two objects. (external dynamics of objects) The origin of the bind is owed to a case of the metabolizing element.
Introverted Logic (Heiarchial Logic)
¶
An impetus for the organization of information is created. Similarly, the conditions for the disorganization of the same information are perceived. The information organized is of the metabolizing element.
Extraverted Sensing (Motor Volition)
¶
A force of some magnitude is imparted upon an object. The force exerted is characterized by the metabolizing element.
Introverted Sensing (Interrelative Exchange)
¶
An interrelationship is engaged between two fields. The character of the interrelationship is defined by the metabolizing element.
Extraverted Ethics (Existential Response)
¶
An experience of internal change is undergone by an object. The kind of change experienced reflects the influence of the metabolizing element.
Introverted Ethics (Motive Arousal)
¶
An emotive tendency is stirred within a field or fields. The source of the tendency is characterized by the metabolizing element. |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/socionist.html | Socionists¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Socionists
¶
This section contains profiles and biographical details of Socionists whose work is of relevance to the English speaking community. To translate full pages into any language, post the url of the page into google translator.
Notable socionists, their sites, publications, contact information, and types.
¶
Name
Webpage
Associated School
Self-typing
Augusta, Aushra
socioniko
,
socionic
ILE
Beletskiy, Irina and Sergei
socionic
Link
ILE, ESI
Beskova, Liubov
socioniko
,
socionic
,
facebook
Terra Socionika
IEE
Bukalov, Aleksandr
socioniko
,
facebook
IIS
ILE
DeLong, Richard
socioniko
,
socionic
,
facebook
1
,
2
IEE
Dovgan, Alexander
socionic
SHS
LII
Eglit, Irina
socioniko
,
socionic
,
Facebook
System School
LSE
Ermak, Vladimir
socioniko
,
socionic
System School
LII
Ekaterina Filatova
socioniko
,
livelib
EII
Ganin, Sergei
socioniko
socionics.com
LII
Gulenko, Viktor
socioniko
,
socionic
,
facebook
SHS
LII
Kalinauskas, Igor
socioniko
,
socionic
ILE
Khrulev, Oleg
socioniko
,
socionic
multiple
ILI
Lvov, Vladimir
socioniko
,
facebook
Modern
IEE
Meged and Ovcharov
socioniko
,
socionic
,
facebook
IEE, SLI
Mironov, Vladimir
Dynamic
LIE
Novikova, Vera
socioniko
,
socionic
,
facebook
Practicum
IEE
Prokofyeva, Tatyana
socioniko
,
facebook
SRI
ILE
Stratievskaya, Vera
socioniko
blog
ESI
Talanov, Victor
site
NT
Tangemann, Olga
facebook
Associative
ESI
Trehov, Aleksei
socioniko
,
socionic
Structural
Tsypin, Pavel
Structural
Udalova, Elena
socioniko
Applied
SLI
Igor Weisband
socioniko
,
facebook
ILE
The above table mentions only a small number of people who are involved in socionics. The pages of many others can be found through these links:
Socionics researchers, publishers, and hobbyists at Zanoza.ru: People
Socionics Schools at Zanoza.ru
Socionics Clubs at Zanoza.ru
List of socionists at Socionics.ru.
List of socionists at Socioniko.net. |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/famous_people.html | Socionics types of famous people¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Socionics types of famous people
¶
This page is a catalog of famous people whose types are of general interest.
In socionics communities it is typical for the members to create lists, databases, and galleries of famous people to compare and discuss their typings with each other, as well as benchmark lists for newcomers to have real life examples of different sociotypes. A couple of such benchmark typings are presented below.
The purpose of this section is to present evidence for likely types of each famous person. If there is only one type presented, this does not mean that this typing is unanimous and that other opinions aren’t possible.
To see famous people’s typings done in Russian-speaking communities and to compare their type votes, including several well-known socionists, see the SSS database of types.
Note
The typing of famous people might be very controversial because we only know a small aspect of them. The following typings are from the old archived version of Wikisocion and it’s accuracy is not guaranteed.
Alpha
¶
ILE
: Jon Stewart, Conan O’Brien, John Lennon, Nicolas Cage, Janis Joplin, Dimitri Mendeleev, Albert Einstein, Stephen Hawking, Weird AI Yankovic
SEI
: Björk Guðmundsdóttir, Paul McCartney, Dido Armstrong, Sofia Coppola, Kirsten Dunst, Audrey Hepburn, Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis, Sharon Osbourne, Yoko Ono
LII
: Noam Chomsky, Ann Ward, Marie Curie, Rene Descartes, Immanuel Kant, Ludwig Wittgenstein, Frank Zappa, Vincent Gallo
ESE
: Mandy Patinkin, William Shatner, Robin Williams, Whitney Houston, Helen Mirren, Meryl Streep, Jay Leno, Sean Penn
Beta
¶
SLE
:
Georgy Zhukov,
Henry Rollins,
Rachel Weisz,
Alecia Moore (Pink),
Courtney Love,
Madonna
IEI
:
Kurt Cobain,
Thom Yorke,
Søren Kierkegaard,
Tupac Shakur,
Anais Nin,
Sergei Yesenin
EIE
: Charlie Chaplin, Salvador Dali, Adolf Hitler, Nelson Mandela, Charlize THeron, Christopher Walken, Voltaire
LSI
: James Hetfield, Kevin Mckidd, Gordon Ramsey, Daniel Day-Lewis, George Orwell, Vladimir Putin, Joseph Stalin
Gamma
¶
SEE
:
Adele Adkins,
Kanye West,
Elvis Presley,
Ben Browder,
Jennifer Lawrence,
Elizabeth Taylor,
Hannah Arendt,
Amy Schumer,
ILI
: Niels Bohr, Franz Kafka, Milan Kundera, Joseph Cambell, Ron Paul, Joanne Woodward, Jada Pinkett-Smith, Carrie-Anne Moss, Dawn Landes
LIE
:
Wentworth Miller,
Lena Headey,
Chris Daughtry,
Denzel Washington,
Yukio Mishima,
Sacha Baron Cohen
ESI
:
Theodore Dreiser,
Leona Lewis,
Florence Welch,
Maria Sharapova,
Hunter S. Thompson
Delta
¶
IEE
:
Ellen DeGeneres,
Keanu Reeves,
Jennifer Love Hewitt,
Drew Barrymore,
Ashton Kutcher,
Cher Bono,
Jimmy Fallon
SLI
:
David Letterman,
Chuck Norris,
Jennifer Connelly,
Demi Moore,
Clea Duvall,
Hugh Grant,
Annie Clark
LSE
:
Matt Damon,
Liev Schreiber,
Hugh Jackman,
Arnold Schwarzenegger,
Kate Mulgrew,
Katharine Hepburn
EII
:
Morgan Freeman,
Robert Pattinson,
Holliday Grainger,
Virginia Woolf,
Mia Wasikowska,
Cate Blanchett |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/vocabulary.html | Vocabulary¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Vocabulary
¶
This project was inspired by the book
The Semantics of the Information Aspects
, which attempted
to concreticize the way different
IM elements
manifest
themselves in people’s speech. Here we are looking for real-life phrases
that reflect the point of view of different IM elements (or ‘psychic
functions’). An equivalent project has been started on the
Russian
version of
Wikisocion
.
If this page grows too large, it will be split into eight separate
pages.
(
extraverted intuition
)
¶
related words
¶
idea, realization, epiphany, revelation
general, overall, basic, main, core, fundamental
important, key, critical, crucial
enlightening, illuminating, insightful
overview, glance (
figurative
)
initially, recently, eventually, ultimately, finally
in general, basically, for the most part, more or less, pretty much
generate, engender, spawn, breed, give birth to, give rise to (
all
figurative
)
origin, crux, root, source
any moment now, at the moment, until, since, later, once again,
sometimes, occasionally, frequently, often, all the time, every time,
for a while, periodically, regularly
sudden, abrupt, unpredictable
option, alternative, choice
crossroads, juncture
possibility, potential, likelihood, opportunity, chance, luck,
fortune
coincidence, concurrence
come together, fall into place (
of events
)
guess, suppose, imagine, reckon, conjecture, venture, hazard
random (
figurative
)
related statements (real-life only, please)
¶
get to the root of
you basically imply that…
What I really meant was more that… (
some symbol_l.gif here?
)
Here’s another idea.
I have a career {
or any other idea
} for you.
Just some random thoughts…
in the long run it makes more sense to… (
some symbol_p.gif here?
)
… and discovered lots of parallels with other things
Within a week or so
that’s the main commercial activity I’ve been involved in here
recently since…
it seems that things are coming together to allow me to do this
Any ideas where we can…?
… has real potential
did you learn anything about yourself, people, country, you did not
know before? (
some symbol_r.gif here as well
)
You seem to have found a great niche
Imagine that!
Something really interesting is…
Now just imagine for a second that…
Suppose we go there and…
I happen to have just spoken to him.
Now is the critical moment.
If I had gotten there earlier, I would have had time to figure things
out first.
One thing I have noticed is that…
It has become clear to me lately that…
I’m starting to realize…
I’m pretty good at figuring out…
So hypothetically…
Well I think in that situation I would have responded in
such-and-such a way.
Features of
speech
¶
A tendency to use the conditional tense frequently (“would have
been,” “what might happen,” etc.)
(
introverted intuition
)
¶
related words
¶
anticipate, expect, envision, await, sense, foresee
cause, causation, influence, consequence
reflect, mirror, signal, indicate, point to (
all figurative
)
clear, muddy, muddled, foggy, hazy, murky, blurry, fuzzy, faint (
all
figurative
)
bode, foreshadow, predict, promise, portend
destiny, dream, echo (
figurative
), calamity
disturbing, troublesome, troubling, worrisome, troubling, foreboding,
sinister, ominous, fateful
calm, serene, tranquil, idyllic
din, commotion, hustle and bustle
mysterious, cryptic, deep, shallow, obscure
recollect, remember, retrieve, recall, call up, hark back to
indefinite, vague, uncertain, unclear, nebulous, unknowable
mire, quagmire, morass (
all figurative
)
contemplate, think over, mull over, ponder, chew over, muse, reflect,
ruminate, meditate
transitory, ephemeral, fleeting, passing, short-lived, transient
related statements (real-life only, please)
¶
Another week has vanished into the netherness of “history”.
Everything is a blur.
I guess it’s a matter of interpretation…
It feels like an eternity.
The thing I still find mysterious is…
in the spirit of…
perhaps we shall meet in person again… indeed time will tell…
I recently got the clearest vision I ever had in my life
All I knew was that it was inevitable; I had lost the battle against
time from the very beginning, and I was finally paying the price.
It was the culmination of the ineffable poignancy of my youth. (
some
symbol_e.gif here?
)
Yesterday was long. Unfortunately long.
this might seem to suggest that…
she’s taking her time
I just couldn’t put my finger on it.
It flows smoothly between them rather than switching suddenly from
one to the other across a gap.
I’ll be leaving early today. The last time I had a premonition,
something bad happened.
Features of
speech
¶
Surrealism and symbolism. Use of imagery to represent events and
concepts, painting things in such a way that they seem grander than they
really are. Because
types naturally look beyond what
happens on the surface to the underlying bigger picture, some may
complain about the omission of details (when, where, who, what) or of
mysticism. Except
types have enough difficulty putting
their thought processes into words, much less converting what they see
into details that may reflect corporal reality, but mean nothing. So
those who don’t value
may either fail to follow or
respond with criticism, or both.
More importantly, the imagery is not static, but evolving due to their
progressive thought process. When you listen to someone explain
something in
, it is like watching a video. One sees
easily sees how one thing leads to another (if-this-then-that), as well
as the interaction between symbols.
(
extraverted sensing
)
¶
related words
¶
want, need, must have
have, own, lack, get
adversity, challenge, obstacle, threat
determination, resolve, will
encounter, run-in, contention, confrontation, resistence, retaliation
brave, courageous, strong, unflinching
throw, take, pull out, push, stuff, open, let out, hang, pick up,
set, squeeze, crush, pick, shake, grab, snap up, shove, stick, jab,
yank, whack, fling, thrash, bang, bump, slice, cut
break, crush, beat, beat up, rip into, conquer, size up, take down,
bring down, tear down, build up, tackle, finish off, wipe out,
overcome (
psychologically and emotionally as well as physically
)
hold up, withstand, take, handle, lock on
flinch, vacillate, crack, collapse, cave in, give in, crumble,
capitulate, submit to
protect, fight, strengthen, weaken, intrude, defend, put up with,
resist
restrain, control, submit, subdue (
all figurative as well as
literal
)
appearance, looks
beautiful, good-looking, gorgeous
ugly, hideous, deformed, disfigured
appear, show up, pop up, flash by, disappear
notice, look, find, take a look, look around, stare
flash, sparkle, twinkle, light up, burn, glitter, glare
shape, size, mass, weight, dimensions, length, width, height, depth
big, huge, tiny, small, enormous, large, round, square, bent,
straight, flat, stretched out, wide, high, low, narrow, thin
this high, this low, this much, this little (
while showing with your
hands
)
hole, opening, limit, peak, top, middle, edge, bend
stick out, protrude, jut out, hang out, bulge, pop out
inside, around, behind, far away, across, in the middle, backwards,
at a slant, from the side, nearby, right in front of
that one, this one, this thing, that one over there, here, there,
from here, over here
thingy, thingamajig, thingamabob, doodad
mighty, solid, limp, weak, strong, active, relaxed, restrained,
energetic, mobilized, ready
energy, power, strength, force, drive
mine
related statements (real-life only, please)
¶
Shove that into your mind.
Get a life, stop harassing people.
You are completely useless.
throw around words
amorphous butts
Be good.
my restless desire to just graduate is getting the best of me
she’s after me
I’m coming for you.
You can’t win.
on the ball
im totally retardededededed (
some symbol_e.gif here, too
)
I’m gonna beat you, I’m gonna beat you in every round
People just want to see me crumble.
When life throws you a curve ball, you’ve got to handle it.
No, stop! Stop it now!
Stop bullshitting.
I’m just messing with you.
Just sit down!
Oh shut up, man! (
in jest
)
Don’t even start!
I have to take a lot of crap.
Don’t cry over spilled milk.
They cornered me
No matter what, I’ll be on top.
fold under pressure
clean up your act
We need to keep our eyes on the ball.
How dare you!
She has what it takes.
They’ll get what’s coming to them.
Features of
speech
¶
(
introverted sensing
)
¶
related words
¶
sensation, impression
sense, feel (
not emotionally, but physiologically or ‘in one’s
gut
’)
get into, adapt, adjust, make oneself at home
stomach (
verb
), stand, tolerate
digest, swallow (
figurative as well as literal
), chew, cough,
sneeze, sweat, blow nose, wheeze, pee, poop, freeze, fatten up, put
on weight, shower, rinse off
aroma, smell, taste, aftertaste, twinge
sour, sweet, salty, rotten, bitter, putrid, fresh, crisp, juicy
(
figurative as well as literal
)
smooth, rough, sharp, dull, glossy, sleek, slick (
figurative as well
as literal
)
dry, parched, baked, moist, wet, damp, hot, boiling, sweltering,
steamy, muggy, toasty, warm, lukewarm, cold, freezing, frigid, cool,
refreshing, chilly
touch, hold, clutch, grip, grasp, tickle, wiggle, pet, caress,
stroke, squeeze, scratch, rub
pain, ache, burning, itch, chafe, chafing, soreness, warmth, rumbling
bliss, cloud nine, rest, relaxation
uncomfortable, restless, fidgety
comfortable, cozy, intimate, snug, soothing, homely
enjoy, satisfy, sate, humor, indulge
be hungry, be in the mood for, try, snack, have a bite, have enough,
get full, eat, feed, feast, overeat, pig out
health (physical condition), condition, illness, sickness, malady,
ailment
healthy, good for you, unhealthy, bad for you (of food and
activities)
miserable, wretched (
how one is feeling
), under the weather
get dirty, soil, clean up, mess up, care for, wash, clean off,
cleanse
dirt, mess, stain, wear and tear, filth, grime, grease
sticky, gluey, gummy, pasty, runny, stringy, grimey, greasy
pliable, flexible, elastic, malleable, supple, firm, hard, solid,
stiff, steady
reliable, tangible, stable
sprezzatura
related statements (real-life only, please)
¶
It turned into this squishy mass.
She looks yummy.
You look the same as you always did.
It’s blazing hot
I feel great!
a flood of spring sunlight
The heat is about to kill me, but I’m getting used to it.
… which you’ll get tired of quickly
get settled {
or
get settled in}
at least I feel comfortable in it
Once life settles into an even rhythm I hope to…
just enjoying life
drenched in sweat
The right side of my head is kind of tender.
I was weak, sweating, and shaking
puked out my guts (
some symbol_e.gif here?
)
pukey green color
my body still thinks I need to…
Music today is like a big bowl of soup.
I cannot stomach it.
Features of
speech
¶
A preference for simple sentence constructions that cannot produce
confusion.
(
extraverted logic
)
¶
related words
¶
efficiency, effectiveness, rationale, sense (
i.e. the sense in doing
something
), expedience
productive, rational, justified, unjustified
movement, motion, speed, acceleration, displacement, rotation
production, work
algorithm, calculation
profit, finance, market
management, administration
diligence, industriousness, industry, conscientiousness
confirm, substantiate, prove, verify, support, test, double check,
refute, disprove, debunk
information source
factual, reliable, confirmed, observed, unreliable, unconfirmed,
hypothetical, unverified
related statements (real-life only, please)
¶
It provides both usefulness and a way to double-check…
What are you trying to accomplish?
What you did was really pointless, it achieved nothing.
Where’s the evidence for this statement?
I’m still planning on applying within the next couple of weeks.
How often do you use the ATM?
you might get more value for your money with…
I don’t… {
do something
} enough to justify the extra expense
take advantage of this opportunity you are providing
You’ll be able to lift it easier if you move your hands further
apart.
I have read several books on that subject.
This is confirmed by all the available evidence.
You are just talking out of thin air.
You don’t know what you are talking about.
Get a clue.
I am just so sick of people’s incompetence.
Features of
speech
¶
(
introverted logic
)
¶
related words
¶
logical, systematic, consistent, coherent
system, scheme, ordering, classification, grouping, framework,
structure, law, rule
correlation, similarity, distinction, compatibility
controversial, compliant
denote, define, mean, signify, designate, refer to, constitute,
correspond to, pertain to
satisfy (
i.e. a requirement
), comply with, match
establish (a rule or principle)
counterpart, analogue, equivalent
characteristic of, of a ____ nature
according to, corresponding to, in view of, in terms of, apart from,
given ___, equivalent to, tantamount to
in principle, strictly speaking, by definition
consider, call, deem, regard, associate ____ with
therefore, consequently, thus, hence
related statements (real-life only, please)
¶
extremely similar in nature
correlate rather poorly
Now on that point, I’m going to have to take issue.
I think a study of… {
someone’s
} usage of the word will give a
more accurate interpretation
inconsistent in his punctuation
We are obligated to abide by certain rules.
Do you understand what I’m trying to say?
Only when absolutely necessary.
He knew what not to do is what he did do.
Is it or isn’t it?
What does that refer to?
You are contradicting yourself.
Features of
speech
¶
A penchant for concise formulations (“No. That is incorrect.” or “A
holon is a whole that is also a part.”).
Tend to define new words (jargon) and then use them extensively.
(
extraverted ethics
)
¶
related words
¶
excitement, hype, hullabaloo, hoopla, uproar, mayhem, madness,
hubbub, brouhaha, ballyhoo
mood, demeanor
vibrant, vivacious, excited, energized, zesty
dark, dour, glowering, glum, moody, morose, brooding, sour, sullen
delirious, frantic, mad, unrestrained, uninhibited
dazzle, wow, tantalize, torment
escalate, intensify
bedevil, befuddle, discombobulate
howl, wail, bawl, roar
honk, blare, beep, toot
congruity, harmony
related statements (real-life only, please)
¶
amazingly awesome
sooooo cool
ineffably cool
superly duperly nifty :P
GAAAAAAAAH
This is gonna be so dang sweet. :-D
we’re very very very excited!
you’ve got to see this painting- it’s totally ‘nutzo’.
he usually dies laughing
…and lived in the pits of depression
I was shocked and overjoyed to hear of that
You’re just so beautiful! [blows a kiss]
Pretty mellow.
I had a freaking crush on him!
I don’t want to criticize her [in person] because I’m afraid of
hurting her feelings. I can’t do it even if she’s going to run out of
business at this rate.
play it cool
He’s usually really easy to cheer up.
make an ass of oneself
[boisterous laughter]
Features of
speech
¶
Many illustrative adverbs and superlatives (e.g.
absolutely
amazing!
).
(
introverted ethics
)
¶
related words
¶
sentiment
relate to, sympathize with
relationship (
both figurative and literal
)
support (
i.e. supporting something
)
community
share
to bring (people) together
to open up (
figurative
)
related statements (real-life only, please)
¶
This bugs me.
I just don’t care for…
I am truly grateful for…
It is just exciting to be around things that old.
We’d appreciate it a lot.
I felt bad about the situation
when everyone gets together I feel a bit of alienation or distance
I just wanted to say how touched I was that…
thinking of you (
e.g. at end of letter
)
He is a good person.
I can relate to you a lot.
How sad.
I have a lasting gift from you which some of my friends do not have:
the knowledge that you are there when I need you, and the knowledge
that you really care.
Thank you for understanding.
There are good and bad people everywhere.
The son is so mean and impatient with his dad.
I must have the most considerate son. How well he knows me!
I surely missed you all and thought of you a lot.
I did not realize how terribly alone and lonely she must have been.
Be close to your extended family; you need them more than you think.
How exciting! I’m happy for you.
I am concerned about…
I sent that old monster off yesterday. (referring to an appliance)
What a terrible thought!
I really do care about you, so much…
It’s fun to have you around.
I am so glad you are in my life.
Everybody is happy that we could meet.
Do you feel different now?
She’s really frustrated by…
I feel sorry for you for…
I am so much looking forward to spending some time with you.
Wishing you were here…
I just love [a person, thing, situation].
Features of
speech
¶ |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/art.html | Art¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Art
¶
This article is created by Wikisocion user Sinutal and this is the
link to it
. |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/music.html | Music¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Music
¶
Socionic concepts can be carried over with some success to
music
,
other
art
forms, and many other areas of human activity.
A
music and socionics
project has been begun
at Wikisocion to elaborate some of the possible links between socionics
and music.
Theory
¶
There are a couple reasons to suppose music can be described in socionic
terms:
People of the same types may prefer to express their musical
creativity in somewhat similar ways.
The
information aspects
, as broad
philosophical categories, can be used to describe different facets of
practically any phenomena.
Creative artistic activity is a form of self-expression through which
artists and performers strive to convey a part of themselves – their
unique perception, personality, experience, and vision. This seems to be
especially true of
famous
artists and performers, who must develop a
unique voice to be memorable to their audiences. To effectively tap into
the artist’s potential, this voice must be a true expression of the
artist’s deep interests and self rather than a simple marketing decision
made out of expedience. Hence, we might expect the artistic expression
of people of the same type to be roughly as similar as, say, their
management style.
Psychic states and music
¶
Different music is rooted in different states of mind and strives to
produce this same state of mind in listeners. Different artists have a
tendency to focus on certain states of mind above others, though echoes
of many different states of mind can be found in the work of many
well-rounded artists. No matter how eclectic the artist is, however, he
cannot avoid a focus or “vector” of some kind – otherwise his music
would completely lack cohesiveness and memorability.
Here is a rough outline of the
kinds of states that different kinds of
music might produce in listeners,
with their associated socionic
symbols:
: feelings of endearment, closeness, moral
satisfaction, and emotional sensitivity; a feeling of deep personal
conviction that may produce the effect of moral firmness and resolve.
: passions; the desire to express one’s feelings and
inner experiences outwardly through expressive gestures such as
dance-like movements or vocal-like embellishments
: a sense of internal orderliness and correctness of
phenomena; a sense of understanding of how to build a complete system
from individual parts
: an active, but steady and purposeful state conducive
to performing goal-oriented activities and creating order in one’s
surroundings
: a physically relaxed and comfortable state free of
irritants; a focus on enjoying the pleasure of the moment
: a mobilized state full of vitality and energy or
implied strength; the desire to make strong, bold, and powerful
movements
: a dreamy, mysterious, wistful, melancholic, or
reflective state of inner discovery and searching; reflecting upon
the future or the past
: a state of trying to see novel connections or
combinations between parts; an openness to continual change and
newness, including things unexpected, random or abrupt, or novel
The list above does not imply that artists only produce music that
reflects their two strongest mental functions. However, we would expect
to see an emphasis on these states above others. Also, the individual
emphasis of the leading musician or composer may be complemented (or
distorted) by fellow band members who are also trying to make their
individual contribution to the piece.
Specific musical techniques used to convey different states
¶
The specific techniques used to convey the states above differ from
genre to genre, but a familiarity with different genres reveals that the
techniques are similar from genre to genre. For example, in vocal music
is often conveyed through high, soul-wrenching wailing.
In instrumental music appropriate instruments are used that can imitate
the wail of a human voice and convey the same emotional experience.
: beautiful melodies and harmonies without many
embellishments; slow broken chords;
: dramatic embellishments; high, wailing sounds;
manipulating sound quality to create a wrenching effect; dramatic
melodies that are largely independent of chord structure; imitation
of sounds (of human voice, laughter, animals, etc.) using
instruments;
: high focus on patterns of notes and structure of
melody, harmony, and tonal progressions; meaningful repetition
: well-articulated, strong, unchanging rhythm; melody
highly dependent on chord changes; preference for fairly fast tempo
(e.g. a fast walk); strongly defined sections
: flowing sound texture; use of nature-imitating
sounds; avoidance of fast rhythm; preference for swift melodic
resolution and clearly minor or clearly major chords
: heavy, percussive beat; strong “power chords” (in
rock music); extensive use in classical music of brass, timpani,
other percussion to convey a sense of bigness (not necessarily loud)
: use of echoes and reverberation; gradual emergence
of chords; lack of emphasis on percussion
: use of eclectic, “random” melodic structures,
styles, and concepts within the same composition; continuous melodic
embellishment; introducing new melodies, textures, and variations
through the course of a piece
Challenges
¶
One of the challenges in recognizing socionic concepts in music and
other art forms is that all
information aspects
are present; that is, no matter what the composer’s type is, the
listeners have at the their disposal the full range of
IM elements
when they listen. This may be likened to
sculpture: The artist can’t prevent someone from looking at it from the
back. Hence, highly skilled composers may tend to display competence
with a fuller range of information aspects than would be the case if
just focusing on the
Ego
block. This effect is compounded by
the fact that composers may tend to write not what represents
themselves, but rather, what represents their ideal, which may be their
Super-Id
block. Accordingly, in typing music, one can’t
always rely on the idea that only a few information aspects are salient;
one must look at the way all information aspects relate as a whole.
Traditions of various genres
¶
Another challenge in discerning information aspects in music is the role
of musical traditions in each genre. For example, in classical
compositions it is common to start with a settled tonic harmony, and
have the harmonic progression become more unstable before eventually
settling on the tonic again. Similarly, often longer classical
compositions start out with a clear, unambiguous theme and gradually
build up tension and suspense, which may culminate in a musical climax,
after which the music returns to its original theme. Someone who is less
acquainted with classical traditions might construe such progressions as
indicating a shift between
(stability) and
(instability), or may interpret each moment as indicating vastly
different information aspects (e.g.,
every time the music
gets louder). A deeper understanding of the main point or thread is
required to see the underlying psychic dimensions instead of viewing
merely constantly shifting information aspects. (A similar phenomenon
occurs in interpreting fiction, which generally features a variety of
different kinds of events, tension, and release, all in the same story.)
Changing state of the listener
¶
A well-formed piece of music may convincingly stimulate different
information aspects depending on the state of mind of the person
listening. If the listener is predisposed to hear certain information
aspects, that listener may pick up on those more than others. The sense
of connection between different
information aspects
(e.g.,
duality
) in a
piece of music may transcend any particular information aspect. Hence,
depending on the state of mind of the listener, this sense of completion
or overall harmoniousness may make an impression even if the information
aspects the listener is hearing are completely different from those that
the composer had in mind. However, it is likely that the majority of
listeners would still identify the main elements of the music even if
separate individuals hear something else in it. |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/images_socionics.html | Images and socionics¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Images and socionics
¶
Link to this page in the archived version. |
https://wikisocion.github.io/genindex.html | Index | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Index |
https://wikisocion.github.io/search.html | No Title | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Error
Please activate JavaScript to enable the search functionality. |
https://wikisocion.github.io/en/ | Wikisocion home | Wikisocion home
From Wikisocion
Jump to:
navigation
,
search
Wikisocion
is a site for the whole socionics community. Its purpose is to bring together and organize information in a way that allows anyone to improve and clarify it. Wikisocion is a non-commercial, permanent project that does not represent the interests of any single school of socionics, but is instead meant to accurately describe socionics as a whole and be a platform for numerous collaborative research projects. For Wikisocion moderation issues and edit access requests, please contact mu4 at
the16types.info
English-speaking socionics community.
To get a feel for what is happening at Wikisocion, visit our:
List of pages
|
List of categories
|
Site statistics
|
User list
|
Recent edits
|
New pages
|
To-do list
Contents
1
Socionics Types
2
Theory
3
Background
4
Additional Topics
5
Socionics Resources
6
Applications and community
New to socionics? Read our
introduction
.
Socionics Types
Socionics Type Tests
Intro to Socionics Type Names
Type Descriptions
:
ILE (ENTp)
–
SEI (ISFp)
–
ESE (ESFj)
–
LII (INTj)
SLE (ESTp)
–
IEI (INFp)
–
EIE (ENFj)
–
LSI (ISTj)
SEE (ESFp)
–
ILI (INTp)
–
LIE (ENTj)
–
ESI (ISFj)
IEE (ENFp)
–
SLI (ISTp)
–
LSE (ESTj)
–
EII (INFj)
Theory
Information elements
Functions
and
Model A
Small groups
, especially
quadras
Intertype relations
Dichotomies
:
Functional
–
Elemental
–
Jungian
–
Reinin
Classical socionics
Background
Carl Jung's Psychological Types
Antoni Kępiński's Information Metabolism (IM)
Additional Topics
Articles
- collection of pertinent published works and essays.
Jungian and Renin Dichotomies
— including type dichotomies
comparison table
.
Subtype descriptions
and
subtyping systems
— different subtyping schemes used by modern day socionists.
Intertype relations observations
General issues in Socionics
Hypotheses
— Review and analysis of new theories and conjectures
Socionics Resources
Socionics books and journals
Socionics resources in English
Socionics Schools, Clubs, and Organizations
Socionics discussion forums
Applications and community
Socionists
— Information about people who have published work on socionics in English or whose works have been (machine-)translated
Meetings and seminars
— When and where people are getting together
Famous people types
— Types of famous people, arguments for and against them
(needs contributions)
Socionists' typings of
famous people
.
Type domains
— Personal introduction to the world of each of the socionic types
Applications of socionics
— Areas where socionics can be applied, including other fields of science and knowledge
Vocabulary
associated with the different
information elements
, with real-life examples.
Artwork
associated with different socionics types and quadra.
Music
and
images
that reflect different socionic categories
Retrieved from "
http://www.wikisocion.net/en/index.php?title=Wikisocion_home&oldid=20241
"
Views
Page
Discussion
View source
History
Personal tools
Log in / create account
Navigation
Wikisocion home
Community
Events calendar
Recent changes
Random page
Help
Search
Toolbox
What links here
Related changes
Special pages
Printable version
Permanent link
This page was last modified on 30 August 2017, at 20:59.
This page has been accessed 793,755 times.
Content is available under
the GNU FDL
.
Privacy policy
About Wikisocion
Disclaimers |
https://wikisocion.github.io/index.html | Wikisocion Archive¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Wikisocion Archive
¶
This is a static archive of the
wikisocion
website, which is a famous English website about
Socionics
. However, for unknown reason, the website is down in August 2021, which is a huge loss for the Socionics community. This website is created according to the archive of Wikisocion in March 2021. According to the website, the Wikisocion website is licensed under the GFDL license and the primary authors of the original website include Rick DeLong, mu4, Expat, Siuntal, Thehotelambush etc.
Wikisocion home
¶
Wikisocion is a site for the whole socionics community. Its purpose is to bring together and organize information in a way that allows anyone to improve and clarify it. Wikisocion is a non-commercial, permanent project that does not represent the interests of any single school of socionics, but is instead meant to accurately describe socionics as a whole and be a platform for numerous collaborative research projects. For Wikisocion moderation issues and edit access requests, please contact mu4 at
http://the16types.info
English-speaking socionics community.
New to Socionics? read our
Introduction to socionics
.
Socionics Types
¶
Socionics Type Tests
Intro to Socionics Type Names
Type Descriptions
ILE (ENTp)
-
SEI (ISFp)
-
ESE (ESFj)
-
LII (INTj)
SLE (ESTp)
-
IEI (INFp)
-
EIE (ENFj)
-
LSI (ISTj)
SEE (ESFp)
-
ILI (INTp)
-
LIE (ENTj)
-
ESI (ISFj)
IEE (ENFp)
-
SLI (ISTp)
-
LSE (ESTj)
-
EII (INFj)
Theory
¶
Information elements
Functions
and
Model A
Small groups
, especially
Quadras
Intertype Relations
Dichotomies
:
Functional
-
Elemental
-
Jungian
-
Reinin
Classical Socionics
Background
¶
Carl Jung’s Psychological Types
Antoni Kępiński’s Information Metabolism (IM)
Additional Topics
¶
Articles: see
Site map
Jungian and Reinin Dichotomies
Subtype systems
Intertype relations
General issues:
Axioms
,
common biases
,
complementarity
,
J/P Switch
,
subtype
,
type diagnosis
,
type distribution
and
visual identification
Hypothesis: ideas that are not widely recognized, such as
Integral type
,
Quadra succession
,
Dimensionality
and
Dual-type theory
.
Socionic Resource
¶
Socionics books and journals
Socionics resources in English
Socionics Schools, Clubs and Organizations
Socionics discussion forums
Applications and community
¶
Socionists
Meetings and seminars
Famous people types
Type domains
Applications of socionics
Vocabulary
Artwork
Music
and
images
.
Indices and tables
¶
Site Map
Index
Module Index
Search Page
Links
¶
Backup in March 2021 |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/socionic_type.html | Socionic type¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Socionic type
¶
Socionic type
, also known as
sociotype
,
type
,
type of information metabolism (TIM)
, or
IM type
, refers to one of 16 possible structures of the psyche allowed by Model A. Socionic type describes how a person’s intellect tends to perceive, process, and produce different
kinds of information
.
The 16 types
¶
The socion (group of all possible types) consists of 16 types:
Socion
¶
ILE
SEI
ESE
LII
EIE
LSI
SLE
IEI
SEE
ILI
LIE
ESI
LSE
EII
IEE
SLI
See also
¶
Type names |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/information_aspect.html | Information aspect¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Information aspect
¶
Warning
This page or section is
incomplete
. Additional contributions are needed.
Introduction
¶
The eight information aspects form a category that is unique to socionics. Augusta, influenced by Antoni Kempinski’s theory of information metabolism, concluded that the information that enters the psyche can be divided into different kinds, just as Jung divided psychic functions into different kinds.
Information aspects represent an attempt to divide information into 8 different kinds. While this concept has not been thoroughly developed in socionics, this kind of division may be of interest to information theory and other theoretical fields such as memetics.
The eight information aspects are denoted by the following symbols:
Ne -
Ni -
Se -
Si -
Te -
Ti -
Fe -
Fi -
What information the aspects convey
¶
The following is a fairly conservative, mainstream interpretation of the information aspects
Ne
: Information about the innate, internal, constant properties of objects, the sources of these properties, and the potential that they contain.
Ni
: Information about how something dynamically changes over time.
Se
: Information about spatial territory, ownership, and influence.
Si
: Information about how something dynamically relates and adjusts to its spatial environment.
Te
: Information about technical processes, efficient activity, and the use of resources.
Ti
: Information about structural relationships between components and logical dependencies between states of affairs.
Fe
: Information about states of excitation and how they are communicated.
Fi
: Information about attraction and repulsion between objects as well as personal dependencies.
Aushra Augusta’s concept of information aspects
¶
(
this section will contain a discussion of her work on the subject
)
Confusion with IM elements
¶
Though they are denoted by the same symbols, information aspects are not to be confused with elements of information metabolism, or “IM elements.” IM elements are the psychic modules that perceive, process, and produce corresponding information aspects.
Whether the information aspects can be referred to using the same names as the IM elements (i.e. “extraverted sensing,” “introverted logic”) is debatable.
Properties of information aspects
¶
Information aspects possess structural properties:
Properties of information aspects
¶
Statics
Things at rest
Dynamics
Things at motion
Bodies
Things as independent of any subject
Fields
Things as dependent of subject - i.e. ties between bodies
External
Explicit, directly sensible content of reality
Internal
Implicit, indirectly percievable content of reality
Irrational
Rational
The categories of static/dynamic and body/field came from Augusta, and external/internal was suggested by another early author. However, this last dichotomy is criticized by some socionists for its lack of meaningful content. The rational/irrational dichotomy comes from Jung’s typology.
Criticism of information aspects
¶
Links
¶
[1]
Explanation of information aspects. |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/jung_typology.html | Jung’s Typology¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Jung’s Typology
¶
Carl Jung’s Typology was the father of socionics and other typological theories such as the MBTI. Jung introduced the concept of psychological functions and psychological types in his work Psychological Types (1921).
There Jung proposed concepts now central to socionics. The psychic functions sensation and intuition he termed “perceiving,” and thinking and feeling “judging.” Each of these four functions came in introverted and extraverted forms. He went on to make the first description of types of people with those information elements as dominant functions, describing in detail his concept of the Extraverted Thinking type, Extraverted Feeling type, Introverted Thinking type, Introverted Feeling type, Extraverted Intuition type, Extraverted Sensation type, Introverted Intuition type, and Introverted Sensation type. In his work he described eight types while acknowledging two varieties of auxiliary (2nd) functions per main type. Later both Isabel Myers and Aushra Augusta would develop systems of 16 types based on Jung’s work.
Jung seems to have based a very large part of his concept of these types on observations of his patients as a practicing psychoanalyst. His descriptions mix from-the-inside glimpses of the perception of these different types, anecdotal evidence, and insights on the motivation of different types.
Jung’s Typology and socionics
¶
Aushra Augusta chose to work with Jung’s Typology rather than numerous others for two reasons: 1) it was explanatory in nature rather than being simply descriptive, and 2) it described traits inherent to healthy individuals, as opposed to the typologies of psychopathology she had studied. While Augusta based her socionic model of the psyche on Jung’s, she was creative in her interpretation and introduced some new “twists.” Most importantly, her goal was to find objective causes of different varieties of relationships between people. As far as we know, Jung thought little about this, besides comments on interviews that extraverts and introverts seemed to be mutually most compatible. Nevertheless, some of his followers and intellectual heirs began to develop their ideas about the compatibility of types.
Other innovations of Augusta included relating psychic functions to more abstract and philosophical categories such as “time,” “space,” “bodies,” and “fields” (this practice has since lost some popularity). In doing so, she tried to introduce more logical consistency into the definitions. For example, extraversion and introversion had to have the same meaning for each of Jung’s four psychic functions. As a result, a careful analysis reveals that Augusta’s socionics information elements and types are often very different from Jung’s. Although still informative from the socionics perspective, Jung’s descriptions have limited use for socionics typing and may indeed lead to mistypings.
A possible socionics “review” of Jung’s type descriptions would be:
Extraverted Intuition type: apparently based on Jung’s observations of Ne dominants, and therefore useful for socionics, but it relates better to the IEE than to the ILE.
Extraverted Sensation type: it seems to describe “fun-loving” sensing types, and perhaps useful for SEE, but it does not convey key aspects of Se, so of limited use for socionics. It could apply as well to more “active” Se types, it does not convey the key “power” or territorial aspect of Se in socionics.
Introverted Intuition type: it transmits an idea of Ni as an information element, but the type as described is not a realistic portrayal of what most Ni dominants are like.
Introverted Sensing type: it does seem to describe introverts with low focus on Si and so, by comparison, more focus on Si but the impression transmitted is of LSI, as well as SEI, and perhaps SLI, so misleading for socionics purposes as it does not really convey the nature of Si as an information element.
Extraverted Thinking type: the impression is rather of a mix of many logical types, not only Te dominants, so rather misleading when used in socionics typing.
Extraverted Feeling type: Jung was describing mainly women, apparently indeed mostly Fe dominants, so especially when read together with the description of the Introverted Feeling type it remains useful for understanding the distinction between Fe and Fi in socionics. However, it would be a mistake to assume that all Fe dominants share those precise behavior traits since they also reflect the social position of women in the early 20th century.
Introverted Thinking type: Jung seemed to be observing logical introverts of several socionics types, above all LIIs and ILIs, so also misleading for socionics. This description is the base for type 5 in the Enneagram.
Introverted Feeling type: the same observations above regarding the Extraverted Feeling type also apply here, concerning Fi dominants.
Alternatively, one might reject the above interpretation partially or entirely, finding Jung’s functional descriptions mostly valid, whilst also making use of Aushra Augusta’s other elaborations, such as the functional model and inter-type relations. It can be argued that this modification would not take the theory outside of the realm of Socionics any more than some of the stranger semi-popular alternate theories or elaborations by contemporary Russian sources.
It is important to keep in mind that Jung was working with a different “theoretical paradigm,” than Augusta. Jung shaped his typological theory out of his psycho-analytic observations and theories on the personal and collective unconscious. Although Augusta inherited some of these assumptions and ideas implicitly, her approach was largely influenced by Antoni Kepinski’s information metabolism theory. Modern Socionics enthusiasts, especially of the English-speaking communities, frequently operate on assumptions that Socionics is a trait-based theory. |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/MBTI.html | Myers-Briggs Typology¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Myers-Briggs Typology
¶
The Myers-Briggs Typology is a development of Jung’s Typology that is well-known in the United States and other western countries. The first type test (which later came to be called the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator, or “MBTI”) was created 65 years ago, in 1942. Socionics would appear in more or less finished form only 40 years later.
Relation to socionics
¶
Socionics developed independently of the Myers-Briggs Typology, since Augusta had very little access to the works of foreign authors. Early on, she made some conceptual developments that differed significantly from the approach of Myers and Briggs - namely, she introduced the concept of information aspects, increased the number of functions to eight, and focused from the very beginning on studying the interaction of types, which has been an afterthought in Myers-Briggs type theory.
In “borderline” type cases (i.e. where the individual displays prominent traits that are not generally associated with his type), these theoretical differences may make socionists prone to assign different typings than MBTI specialists. For example, socionists from the International Institute of Socionics (Kiev, Ukraine) have confirmed in personal correspondence that if an individual appears to display typical traits of a certain socionic type, but his relationships and interactions with others fit in the framework of another type, they will give preference to the type that accurately explains their interactions. In the Myers-Briggs system, these things would not be considered. This means that socionics’ understanding of psychic functions tends to be adapted to interpersonal interaction, whereas functions in Myers-Briggs Typology are adapted to observable and generally more obvious behavior. This can consistently produce different typings in borderline cases.
Furthermore, those who administer the MBTI must conform to an ethical code that gives the test-taker the last word in their type diagnosis. In theory, specialists are trained to look for a “best fit” type, whereas socionists look for finality in type diagnosis. In practice, the “finality” of many socionists is no different from an MBTI “best fit.”
An ongoing discussion with regards to socionics and MBTI is the issue of the “J/P switch”. For example, let us look at the functions that a Socionics INFp and an MBTI INFP both have. If we assume that the four functions that distinguish types in MBTI are the ego and super-ego blocks in Socionics, there is a difference. The INFp has Ni, Fe, Si, and Te, in that order. However, the INFP has Ne, Fi, Si, and Te, which matches with the Socionics INFj. Assuming that the functional definitions between the systems of typology are similar (a contested idea), all MBTI INFPs will be INFjs in Socionics.
Myers-Briggs Typology and Jung’s Typology
¶
Compared to Jung’s Typology, the Myers-Briggs system has gone down the dichotomial route, with understanding of psychic functions (now called “cognitive” or “mental” functions) taking a second seat. Building tests based on dichotomies is much easier than testing the positions of various functions. Compared to Jung’s Typology, the MBTI system has developed more “external” descriptions of the workings of psychic mechanisms. Jung’s descriptions are very introspective and perhaps difficult for many people to understand.
Myers-Briggs Typology and Keirsey
David W. Keirsey mapped four ‘Temperaments’ to the existing Myers-Briggs system groupings SP, SJ, NF and NT, often resulting in confusion of the two theories. However, the Keirsey Temperament Sorter is not directly associated with the official Myers-Briggs Type Indicator.
Isabel Myers’ type descriptions and David Keirsey character descriptions have several differences between them. One of the primary differences between the two models is that Myers was primarily focused on how people think and feel whereas Keirsey is focused more on how people behave. Keirsey notes that one can not directly observe that people think or feel. A second important difference is that the Myers used a linear four-factor model in her descriptions whereas Keirsey uses a systems field theory model in his descriptions. A third important difference is the emphasis Keirsey and Myers place on certain dichotomies or preferences. Keirsey believes that whether someone is observant or is introspective is a much more important distinction than whether someone is expressive (somewhat correlated to extraversion) or attentive (somewhat correlated to introversion). On the other hand, Jung, and hence Myers, placed the most emphasis on whether or not someone is extraverted or introverted. A fourth difference is the difference between ‘function attitudes’ in Myers-Briggs and temperament types in Keirsey’s models.
Criticism of the MBTI
¶
The MBTI is subject to similar criticism as socionics. Despite decades of research, the MBTI is not based upon scientific findings in the sense of describing objective, measurable phenomena. Functions are complex, qualitative phenomena that manifest themselves in the way people do things, whereas more easily measurable psychological traits such as the Big Five do not reveal any hidden qualities or potential in people.
Although the MBTI assumes that people belong to one pole of each dichotomy, in reality test scores are grouped around the center of each scale, which suggests that either discrete types do not exist, or that the MBTI does a poor job of measuring types. Results are often given as percentages, which reinforces the idea that one can be, for instance, 40% N and 60% S.
The reliability of the MBTI methodology is also low, in that test takers who retake the test often being assigned a different type. Skeptics claim that the MBTI lacks falsifiability, which can cause confirmation bias in the interpretation of results with the terminology of the MBTI so vague that it allows any kind of behavior to fit any personality type, resulting in the Forer effect, where an individual gives a high rating to a positive description that supposedly applies specifically to them. Socionists try to avoid this issue by not relying on tests, for the most part. |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/ganin.html | Ganin, Sergei¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Ganin, Sergei
¶
Owner of
Socionics.com
, the first (since 1997) and most visited site on socionics on the web. Ganin studied socionics in Kiev, Ukraine before emigrating to London, England in the early 90s. He employs a four-function model of the psyche,
visual identification
, and four-letter type names (i.e. ESTp, INFj, etc.), and actively types celebrities.
Ganin’s views on
visual identification
¶
Ganin’s articles on
visual identification
(particularly
this one
and
Gulenko
-based descriptions that include typical body features) have sparked considerable controversy among people in and out of socionics. Many readers in the English-speaking world have gotten the impression that visual identification is the leading method of
type identification
used in socionics. To fuel the controversy, Ganin has not provided any V.I. guidelines, giving the impression that it is a purely intuitive process or that the physical traits mentioned in the
type descriptions
on his site are sufficient to begin typing people.
Ganin’s introductory article to V.I., his “V.I. skills test” — which is based on just one picture of each person without any other information or discussion and simply presents one “correct” answer, and his large gallery of celebrities with no commentary or discussion except for a single small picture, all suggesting that he typed them using V.I. methods alone. This gives newcomers to socionics the impression that single-picture V.I. is a reliable typing method that can be learned quickly.
However, Ganin has also said that he does not actually practice this type of
visual identification
. A
further article on the subject
suggests several points:
V.I. can only be mastered after one has mastered socionics theory.
Learning to visually identify types takes years of practice and vast experience studying people of known types (in other words, typed using different methods such as an understanding of functions or
intertype interaction
).
One photograph is almost never enough to make an accurate type diagnosis, and aging, plastic surgery, and makeup can make diagnosis more difficult.
Ganin’s own approach is not formulaic and not based on specific physical features, but is based on a more general intuitive impression or overall feel.
Videos and meetings in person are considerably more informative than photographs.
These points would make it seem that Ganin’s views on visual identification are actually rather moderate. However, the article is not featured prominently on the site, and readers are generally left with a different impression.
Ganin’s views on the “hidden agenda”
¶
Ganin’s articles on what he calls the types’s “hidden agenda”, especially
this one
, have had a large impact on those for whom his site is the first introduction to socionics, and the concept also remains influential for those who later discover other socionics sources.
“Hidden agenda” is Ganin’s name for the
mobilizing function
. He states that this function can be observed as a sort of background motivation for a type’s actions, not as immediately obvious as those related to the
Ego
functions, but still there.
His list of the hidden agendas goes as follows:
ENTp
,
ESTp
=> to be loved
INTj
,
INFj
=> to be healthy
ESFj
,
ESTj
=> to be perfect
ISFp
,
INFp
=> to understand
ENFj
,
ENTj
=> to be wealthy
ISTj
,
ISFj
=> to believe
ESFp
,
ENFp
=> to know
INTp
,
ISTp
=> to love
This concept is fairly consistent
classical socionics
if it is properly understood what those agendas mean, and their functional causes, but they have led to some interpretations that exaggerate the significance and visibility of the mobilizing function and so be mistaken for the
leading function
or the
creative function
for
typing
purposes.
For example, “to know” refers to
as a mobilizing function, and “to understand” to
. By that it is meant that the
SEE
and the
IEE
will be inclined to give priority to accumulating pieces of knowledge on matters of their interest — “to know” — over trying to make those pieces of knowledge fit together in a logically-consistent system (as in an ideology etc). By contrast, the
SEI
and the
IEI
will be inclined to focus on maintaining and improving their understanding of a consistent system of ideas and concepts — “to understand” — over accumulating information against which to check the validity of their concept.
That is valid of course for all types with the correspondent functional preference regarding
and
, but in the case of types with them as
mobilizing
and
vulnerable functions
, Ganin points out that some specific behavioral traits can be observed, especially after longer observation. This is of course a perfectly valid point according to
classical socionics
; the risk lies in the misinterpretation of those brief definitions and how significant they are when typing.
See also
¶
Socionics.com
Page on Zanoza.ru |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/socionics_demystified.html | Socionics Demystified: A New Social Psychology for Understanding Relationships¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Socionics Demystified: A New Social Psychology for Understanding Relationships
¶
Socionics Demystified: A New Social Psychology for Understanding
Relationships
is a new book on Socionics published in June, 2007 by
Spencer Stern.
Introduction to book
¶
(
Provided by author
)
Socionics, a comparatively new social psychology from the 1970s returns
to the roots of
Carl Jung
s theory on psychological
types,
Sigmund Freud
s work on the conscious and
subconscious and incorporates Antoni Kepinski`s
information metabolism theory.
Socionics Demystified aims to introduce us to the sixteen inter-type
relations
after firstly describing the structural
differences within the
Socion
.
Each of the sixteen
types
is broken down into individual
contexts within a theoretical and real-world discussion of their
rudimentary Jungian functions or attitudes.
Jung defined several introspective and extrospective functions (or
attitudes) within the psyche.
What exactly did he mean by introverted/extroverted thinking,
introverted/extroverted feeling, introverted/extroverted sensing,
introverted/extroverted intuition?
By investigating how each make up components of the sixteen
psychological types we can see at a glance how types vary and provides
the basis behind the rationalisation of inter-type relations.
Why do some people arouse us? Why do others irritate us? What ways can
specific types of relationship be useful to us, or not? How can I do
something about it through understanding how one is different and/or
similar to me?
A closer look at the conscious and subconscious mind with an idea behind
how information is being metabolised i.e. transmitted and received
between individuals will attempt to answer the above questions.
Book contents
¶
(
Provided by author
)
Introduction
¶
The book begins with a brief overview of Socionics and its potential
applications. The message is clearly presented this is not simply
another book with personality profiling it is a book about the
relations between personality types.
We then proceed with a methodical look at the psyche illustrated with
the standard
Model A
which links together Freuds theory
of the conscious and subconscious.
Jungs eight functions or attitudes are defined which will fit inside
the model at specific positions.
Lastly, Kepinskis work on information metabolism is elaborated upon
giving us an idea of how the Jungian functions or attitudes will affect
each other in the grand scheme of things in the Socion (the sixteen
types).
The following chapters are organised by
Quadra
, which is a
structural unit of the Socion.
The Quadra gives a feeling of cosiness, comfort, security, confidence
and understanding. It gives one the feeling of psychotherapeutic and
physical comfort, full understanding and emotional satisfaction.
PART ONE: The Socion
¶
Chapter 1: The Alpha Quadra
In this first chapter we take a look at the
Alpha Quadra
members: the perceptive analyst, the caring
enthusiast, the harmonious mediator, the exploring searcher.
The general theme of the members in this chapter is reflecting and
delighting in.
For each member, as in all chapters are split into their eight component
functions or attitudes that are individually discussed within the
context of how it likely affects a persons character that can identify
with a personality type.
Chapter 2: The Beta Quadra
In the second chapter we take a look at the
Beta Quadra
members: the serious inspector, the diligent
actor, the peaceful romantic, the intrepid marshal.
The general theme of the members in this chapter is suffering and
conquering.
By now the reader should have an idea of several functions as discussed
previously.
What changes now is that we begin to see how key functional differences
create variations in manifested characters as new personality types
become apparent.
Chapter 3: The Gamma Quadra
In the third chapter we take a look at the
Gamma Quadra
members: the supportive guardian, the
enterprising pioneer, the laidback critic, the tactful ambassador.
The general theme of the members in this chapter is collaboration and
acquisition.
As get through over half way discussing the different personality types,
the reader should begin to piece together how say one persons strong
ethics or weak logic in respect to functional ordering is creating
different attitudes towards each others characters.
The idea is, the more the reader reads, the more they understand the
Socion. It wasnt meant to be dived into at random although that will
certainly be the case after a first read or two for reference sake.
Chapter 4: The Delta Quadra
In the fourth chapter we take a look at the
Delta Quadra
members: the insightful humanist, the decisive
director, the mysterious craftsman, the vigilant psychologist.
The general theme of the members in this chapter is help and protection.
Now that weve discussed all the personality types with a detailed
analysis of the 128 possible positions in total for all functions we
have a complete picture to summarise the relations between the types,
coming up next.
PART TWO: Intertype Relations
¶
Chapter 5: Inner-Quadra Relations
In the fifth chapter I present a concise analysis of the four relations
that exist between types within a Quadra, that is, relations of
identity
,
mirror
,
activity
and
duality
.
Chapter 6: Outer-Quadra Relations
In the sixth chapter I present a concise analysis of the eight relations
that exist between types outside of a Quadra, that is, relations of
partial-duality
,
extinguishment
,
super-ego
,
business
,
mirage
,
quasi-identity
and
conflicting
.
Chapter 7: Asymmetrical Relations
In the seventh chapter I present a concise analysis of the two
asymmetrical relations that exist. These include the relations of
supervision
and
benefit
.
From reading the last three chapters, the reader should have a good
understanding of the different inter-type relations.
Similarly to the psychological types themselves, there is no downright
good or bad relation per se although with the information presented;
democratic opinions should be motivated perhaps with plenty of awe
moments of realisation.
Book audience
¶
(
Provided by author
)
This book on Socionics would probably appeal to the following groups:
Psychology students/teachers
Psychiatric professionals
Teenagers and young adults
Relationship counsellors
Socionics Demystified
serves as an introductory guide to the subject
of intertype relations and also as a reference book for future lookup.
The level would be beginner-intermediate and is generally accessible to
anyone with an interest in Social Psychology or Sociology.
The readership therefore is those with a new or previous interest in
personality typing who would like a better understanding of how types
relate.
It would also be aimed at those whove previously looked at the
MBTI
or have read personality profiles that dont really
provide a complete understanding of underlying Jungian psychology i.e.
how the various functions or attitudes described by Jung come together.
About the author
¶
Spencer Stern is an individual from England who has studied socionics.
You can reach him through
Facebook
or by
e-mail
.
Book availability and pricing
¶
It is available in print and download form directly from
lulu.com
(the publisher) and
also from many on-line retailers (print only). You can run a book price
comparison at
BookButler.com
.
Retail pricing starts at 14.95 (plus delivery) while the e-book
download (from
lulu.com
only)
costs 7.50.
Reviews and critique
¶ |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/the16types.html | The16types.info¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
The16types.info
¶
the16types.info has housed since September 2004 a popular English-language socionics forum, it hosts a number of translated socionics articles and actively works on translating and discussing new articles. It was originally administrated by Jimmy Cartrette, but in July 2006 was bought by forum member Reuben McNew, who subsequently became its administrator. It is currently operate by He Mu, aka point. He also hosts and maintains wikisocion.org.
the16types.info is not really a school of socionics, but its role in the development thereof has certainly been significant, as the present state of socionics understanding in the west, and its most active enthusiasts, for the moment can be best followed in that forum.
Background and development
¶
the16types.info was originally conceived by its creator as a website to discuss his suggestion that socionics and Oldham styles were closely related. It seems that he lost interest in the site due to the general lack of enthusiasm for that suggestion. Hence the site is still called “a socionics and Oldham theory site”, and has old pages where Oldham and socionics type descriptions are put together. Although it is made clear which parts refer to socionics and which to Oldham, that has led to frequent initial mistypings by those who do not realize the distinction, or who assume that the correlation is generally accepted. That can easily lead to an SLE identifying best with the SLI section, for example.
In the beginning the site was heavily influenced by socionics articles and theory as per Sergei Ganin, since his site for a very long time lacked its own discussion forum, but later it has depended more on translations from Russian sources, Dmitriy Lytov’s site and the English sites of Rick DeLong as its main reference sources. Accordingly, the forum’s predominant approach to visual identification has shifted from a too uncritical reliance on the analysis of single pictures, as seemed to be supported by Sergei Ganin’s site, to an approach relying more on analysis of videos and multiple pictures, focusing more on the individual’s apparent functional use and temperament than on their facial features. Its forum discussions are also somewhat influenced by Smilexian socionics and the concept of subtypes, though still generally focused on classical socionics.
In 2011, the site was acquire by He Mu(point), the focus of the site is now to create a library of knowledge based on previous effort and facilitate discussion and research into socionics with the avaliable information in the west. |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/oldham.html | Oldham styles¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Oldham styles
¶
John M.
Oldham
,
M.D. is a professional psychiatrist renowned for his work on personality
disorders. Based on them, he proposed that healthy people have 16
personality styles, and the likeliest personality disorder they are
prone to eventually develop is correlated to which of the 16 is the most
predominant.
Since it is concerned with how healthy persons of different types become
psychologically unhealthy along different paths, it has similarities
with the
Enneagram of Personality
but
probably backed by more concrete empirical observations. Attempts have
been made to correlate his personality styles with the types of other
theories as in this
site
.
His personality styles are:
Adventurous
Aggressive
Artistic
Conscientious
Devoted
Dramatic
Idiosyncratic
Inventive
Leisurely
Mercurial
Self-Confident
Self-Sacrificing
Sensitive
Serious
Solitary
Vigilant
Correlation to socionics types
¶
On occasion suggestions have been made about possible correlations
between Oldham’s styles and the 16 socionics types, for example the
original creator of
The16types.info
. This is
perhaps a possibility worth investigating, since psychiatric statistics
of the frequence of the relevant disorder might say something about the
distribution of the socionics types.
This approach would present some difficulties, though. For example, a
superficial reading of brief descriptions of Oldham’s styles suggests
the following:
SLE
seems to be the best fit for three styles: Adventurous,
Aggressive, and Self-Confident.
SEI
is the best fit for Artistic.
all logical introverts, and especially logical
IJs
, can fit Solitary.
LSE
,
ESI
and
LSI
could fit
Conscientious.
SEI
and
ESE
fit Devoted best.
EIE
is the best fit for Dramatic.
ILI
,
IEI
and perhaps
LII
fit
Idiosyncratic best.
ILE
and
IEE
fit Inventive best.
SLI
is the best match for Leisurely.
SEE
and
SEI
fit Mercurial partly, but not very
well.
EII
is perhaps a match for Self-sacrificing in some
situations.
LIE
might be one match for Vigilant. |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/ration_irration.html | Rationality and irrationality¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Rationality and irrationality
¶
Rationality
/
Irrationality
(also called Shizotyme / Cyclotyme
or Rigid / Labile) is one of the 4
Jungian dichotomies
, and one of the 15
Reinin dichotomies
.
Rationality
in socionics is a
perceptual quality defined by a focus on actions and emotions. In
contrast,
Irrationality
means a focus on states of mind and body.
Rational and irrational IM elements
¶
Jung
was the first to divide
psychic functions
into
rational
and
irrational
.
Rational functions are the judging ones Thinking (T) and Feeling (F).
Irrational functions are the perceiving ones Sensing (S) and
Intuition (N).
Rational and irrational types
¶
Rational types are defined as any type that has a rational element (T/F) in its first or leading function.
Irrational types are defines as any type that has an irrational element (N/S) in its first or leading function.
Rational
types <socionic_type>
are:
ESE
,
LII
,
EIE
,
LSI
,
LIE
,
ESI
,
LSE
, and
EII
.
Irrational
types <socionic_type>
are:
ILE
,
SEI
,
SLE
,
IEI
,
SEE
,
ILI
,
IEE
, and
SLI
.
In
four-letter code
, a
rational type is denoted with a lower-case letter “j” at the end,
while irrationals have “p”.
For example, a type that has Ni in its first function (and Fe as
second) is denoted as INF
p
. A type that has Fi in its first
information channel (and Se in second) is denoted as ISF
j
.
Each
quadra
has two rational and two irrational types - a
rational dual dyad and an irrational dual dyad.
Theoretical properties of rational and irrational types
¶
In socionics, four
IM elements <elements>
are rational (Te
, Fe
, Ti
, and Fi
), and four are irrational (Se
, Ne
, Si
, and Ni
).
Rational
types
contain rational elements on
accepting
(odd)
functions
and
irrational elements on
producing
(even)
functions
.
Irrational
types
contain irrational elements on
accepting
(odd)
functions
and
rational elements on
producing
(even)
functions
.
Typical characteristics
¶
Rationals
¶
(
Also called
shizotymes
in early socionics literature
)
Tend to plan ahead, make decisions early.
Are more often rigid and stubborn.
Do not like to change their decisions.
Tend to finish what they started.
Usually have stiff movements.
Usually more ‘authoritarian’ leadership style.
Low stress tolerance.
Irrationals
¶
(
Also called
cyclotymes
in early socionics literature
)
Tend to wait and see, more spontaneous.
Are more often flexible and tolerant.
Change their decisions frequently.
Tend to start new things without finishing them.
Usually have gentle movements.
Usually more ‘democratic’ leadership style.
High stress tolerance.
Additional Commentary and Notes
¶
For the purpose of typing, it should be noted that no type is either
completely rational or completely irrational. Every type in socionics
contains a mixture of rational and irrational functions and,
correspondingly, will display a mixture of rational and irrational
traits. Thus, not one person fits neatly into one or the other side of
this dichotomy, because every types has both rational and irrational
functions.
The Rational-Irrational dichotomy also gets affected by
type’s subtypes
. If the irrational function is accentuated in a
person’s type, then irrational traits will become more prominent, and
vice versa for rational functions. This may pose a typing dilemma for
creative function subtypes. Types are designated as Rational or
Irrational based on their leading function, but a strongly expressed
creative function obscures the leading function in this case. Thus
creative subtypes may be mistaken for being the opposite of where their
leading function actually places them on this dichotomy, e.g. an IEI-Fe
may consider him or herself to be a rational type EIE, while an EIE-Ni
may consider him or herself to be an irrational IEI. To resolve this
dilemma, other type parameters should be taken into account and this
dichotomy should not be used alone when deciding on type.
Additional Links
¶
On the Correct Understanding of Dichotomy Rationality-Irrationality by Trehov and
Tsypin <understand_j_p>
Rationality and irrationality and
intertype relations
¶
This
dichotomy
plays a particularly important role in
intertype interaction
. Of the main four
dichotomies
in socionics (the so-called “
Jungian foundation
”), rationality/irrationality is the
only one that
dual
types have in common.
Type
dichotomies
¶
Rationality and irrationality
Extraversion and introversion
Sensing and intuition
Ethics and logic
Static and dynamic
Process and result
Positivist and negativist
Asking and declaring
Constructivist and emotivist
Carefree and farsighted
Yielding and obstinate
Tactical and strategic
Merry and serious
Judicious and decisive
Asking and declaring |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/gulenko.html | Gulenko, Viktor¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Gulenko, Viktor
¶
Biography
¶
Victor Vladimirovich Gulenko (February 12th, 1958) is the founder of the
School of Humanitarian Socionics
and a
Ukrainian socionist from Kiev. He is the author of many important
articles on socionics and the second most-cited socionist in papers on
socionics in Russian (after
Augusta
). He is well-liked as
a lucid speaker and regularly holds socionics courses in Kiev and gives
lectures in other cities.
V. Gulenko’s views have diverged from mainstream socionics in recent
years, and he is now viewed as somewhat of a controversial figure. In
talks at annual socionic conferences in Kiev he regularly emphasizes his
school’s differences with “classical socionics”. V. Gulenko has
introduced a number of new dichotomies to differentiate between people
of the same type. Gulenko’s self-typing is
LII
(extended
typing: LII-Ne sp/so e5). By personal accounts his wife’s type is EIE,
and he has a son and daughter of types LSI and EIE, respectively.
Typing convergence with other socionists in 1990
1
and 2004
2
(in Russian)
Proposed function designations
¶
Gulenko introduced Latin-based symbols to represent the eight classical
IM elements, or socionic functions. While they have not become popular
on socionics forums, they are often used in publications by socionists
both within and outside of the School of Humanitarian Socionics. In
particular, they allow for easy discussion of functions and Model A
without having to use special graphics. This notation is discussed in
greater detail in the article on
Type names
.
Socionics classifications and theories developed by V. Gulenko
¶
Temperament
Romance styles
Communication styles
Accepting and producing subtypes
System of DCNH Subtypes
Project and Stress Resistance Groups
Model G
Articles and publications
¶
The Structure and Elements of Socionics Model A by Victor Gulenko
Gulenko Cognitive Styles
On Waves of Aging and Renewal: Progress Orientation in Combination with Jungian Aspects
The Clock of the Socion: Energy Dynamics of Quadra and Benefit Rings
Quadral Estafette: Silhouettes of Time Through Progression of Types by Victor Gulenko
Life Scenarios: From Ethical Feelings to Sensory Wishes by Victor Gulenko
Accentuation of Functions
Distance Typing From Demonstrative Functions
System of DCNH Subtypes
Model G
Descriptions of Dual Relations by Gulenko
Interviews and Presentations
¶
Video Lectures from School of Humanitarian Socionics by Victor Gulenko
Transcript of Video Interview with Victor Gulenko
Additional Links
¶
Viktor Gulenko’s Blog (KVARTERION):
automatic
translation
;
in Russian
.
Associated with School of Humanitarian Socionics (SHS):
automatic
translation
;
in Russian
.
Viktor Gulenko’s publications:
automatic
translation
;
in
Russian
.
Video lecture at the SHS:
“Dual Relations are
Dialectic” |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/augusta.html | Augusta, Aushra¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Augusta, Aushra
¶
Aushra Augusta, or Aushra Augustinavichiute (April 4, 1927 — August 24, 2005), was a Lithuanian economist, sociologist, and founder of socionics. She was born near Kaunas in the family of a book publisher. In 1956 she graduated from the economics department of the Vilnius University as a financial specialist. After graduation she worked in the Ministry of Finances of the Lithuanian SSR (“Soviet Socialist Republic”) and taught political economics in institutes in Vilnius. For a brief period in 1968 she was dean of the department of family research at Vilnius University.
Augusta’s self-typing was ILE, which has been disputed by few socionists who knew her.
Research
¶
In the 1960s, A. Augusta was one of the first people in the USSR to study sociology when it was still not recognized by Soviet academia and was persecuted as a “false science”. Aside from sociology Augusta was interested in the problems of family relationships and sexology.
In the early 1970s, she discovered Jung’s Typology, Freud’s theory of psychoanalysis, and Kempinsky’s theory of information metabolism, on the basis of which she and her associates developed the theory of socionics. Later, in the mid-80s, Augusta learned of Myers-Briggs Typology, on the basis of which she tried to improve socionics.
In 1978, A. Augusta wrote the article “The Theory of Relativity of Erotic Feelings” and published through samizdat the first version of the article The Dual Nature of Man. These were the first works on socionics.
In 1980, she published an article analyzing socionic types through Model A in the Lithuanian magazine Mokslas ir Technika, which drew harsh criticism from psychologists but great interest from readers, and published a new work, The Theory of Intertype Relations. In the 1980s she published a series of works on socionics, many of which were deposited in the library of the Lithuanian Academy of Science. In the 1990s she withdrew from active participation in the socionics community.
Reminiscenses
¶
(as related to Rick DeLong by Aleksandr Bukalov, Olga Karpenko, Igor Weisband, and others)
Augusta was known for her intellectual energy and inquisitiveness that provided the drive for the development of socionics during the 70s and 80s. During this period she attracted around her a highly motivated group of intellectuals who were absorbed with the discoveries they were making together. This group would frequently gather at informal retreats at her summer home in Lithuania. Many or most socionists who knew her refer to her as a genius, but also recognize her idiosyncracies, which included a disregard for other people’s feelings when intellectual issues were being discussed. For instance, she was known for telling people to sit down at socionics conferences for “speaking from their Super-Ego” or for chastising people who weren’t “speaking their own thoughts,” but were parroting what someone else had told them.
After the initial period of socionics’ development when the main concepts were ironed out among Augusta and her close associates, knowledge of socionics began to spread to other cities — apparently due to several articles published in popular journals by Augusta. Augusta and others traveled to visit new groups, and many came to visit her in Vilnius. For several years, if not more, people would gather at her summer house in the Lithuanian countryside to talk about socionics and interact together. Bukalov and Karpenko have related fond memories from this period.
Socionist Igor Weisband reports that Augusta was perplexed by clan-based power structures in the Soviet Union that seemed to be based on personal relationships alone, and that this caused her to look for explanations outside of the official Marxist-Leninist ideology, which refused to consider personal relationships a significant factor in societal evolution. Other sources state that the main impetus for Augusta’s intellectual search was the realization that people are often unable to have the good relationships that they want. She became deeply convinced that relationship quality was determined and was not subject to individuals’ free will. Another influence may have been her own not-so-perfect relationship with her spouse, an LSE (relations of “benefit,” or “request”).
After Aleksandr Bukalov established the International Institute of Socionics in Kiev, Ukraine, some rivalry or differences of opinion arose between Augusta and the group in Kiev, or perhaps with Bukalov himself. Augusta came to the conferences for several years, then stopped coming as her health worsened. Perhaps she felt marginalized by the socionics community. In fact, two volumes of her works were published without her approval by someone else, and she apparently did not receive any royalties from book sales. Now a pensioner, Augusta lived a very poor life like almost all elderly people in the former Soviet Union after its collapse. Emissaries from Kiev and Moscow schools of socionics would collect donations and bring them to her in person to help her subsist. In her final years Augusta became involved in mysticism, which drew criticism from many socionists.
Books by A. Augustinavichiute
¶
The Dual Nature of a Person – Vilnius, 1994.
Socionics. Introduction, Sociotypes, Tests – Terra Fantastica, 1998.
The Theory of Intertype Relations – Chelyabinsk, 1991.
See also
¶
Wikipedia
Page on socionic.ru
Page on Zanoza.ru |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/socion.html | Socion¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Socion
¶
The term
socion
refers to the set of all 16
types of information metabolism
, or
socionic types
.
Socion
¶
ILE
SEI
ESE
LII
EIE
LSI
SLE
IEI
SEE
ILI
LIE
ESI
LSE
EII
IEE
SLI |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/extra_intro.html | Extraversion and introversion¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Extraversion and introversion
¶
Extraversion
/
Introversion
is one of the 4
Jungian dichotomies
, and one of the 15
Reinin dichotomies
.
Introduction
¶
Extraversion as a socionic trait is defined by the
leading function
of a type. If the leading function is
extraverted, the type is called “extraverted” or “extratim”; conversely
if the leading function of type is introverted, then this type is called
“introverted” or “introtim”. It should be kept in mind that the
model
of every type has both extraverted and introverted
elements. Depending on which element is involved, a person may appear to
be more “extraverted” or more “introverted” in that moment.
In socionics, “extraversion” is a perceptual quality defined by a focus
on the characteristics and behavior of objects (people, things, events)
outside the observer. In contrast, “introversion” means a focus on the
observer’s response to and perception of objects.
Extraverts:
qualities of objects are taken for granted, while
interrelationships between objects are seen as being malleable; change
interaction of objects to better fit qualities of objects.
Introverts:
interrelationships are taken for granted, while
qualities of object are seen as being malleable; adapt qualities of
objects to better fit their interrelationships.
Augusta
likened the difference between extraverted and
introverted perception to the difference between
bodies
and
fields
in physics. “Bodies” are objects with mass and
certain qualities, while “fields” are the realm of interaction between
bodies.
Carl Jung believed that introversion and extraversion were present in
everyone, but that one attitude-type is invariably dominant. He
described the extravert as trusting what is received from the outside
world while regarding implicit factors and motivations of secondary
importance, while the introvert may be well aware of external
conditions, but he is not motivated by them, rather he responds
primarily to his internal impressions of the external events. See
the extraverted type
,
the introverted type
, and
extraversion and introversion
.
In socionics,
IM elements
,
information aspects
, and types can all be treated as
extraverted or introverted.
Extraverted and introverted types
¶
Extraverted
IM types
are:
ILE
,
ESE
,
EIE
,
SLE
,
SEE
,
LIE
,
LSE
, and
IEE
.
Introverted
IM types
are:
SEI
,
LII
,
LSI
,
IEI
,
ILI
,
ESI
,
EII
, and
SLI
.
Using the
four-letter code
: Extraverted types have an
E
, introverted types have an
I
as first letter.
Typical characteristics
¶
Extraverted types
¶
Psychic energy more often flows outwards.
Energy level increases when interacting with a large group of people.
Energy level decreases when they are alone.
Energy level is generally higher.
More often focused on their surroundings.
Tend to be more active and initiating.
Often make new friends easily.
Often better at presenting themselves.
Often prefer to work in a team.
Introverted types
¶
Psychic energy more often flows inwards.
Energy level increases when they are alone.
Energy level decreases when interacting with a large group of people.
Energy level is generally lower.
More often focused on their thoughts and feelings.
Tend to be more passive, less initiating.
Often do not have many friends.
Often better at concentrating.
Often prefer to work alone.
Note on sociability and extraversion/introversion
¶
A common misconception, also compounded by some interpretations of
MBTI
or even of
Jung’s typology
, is
that extratims are extraverted as in “socially outgoing”, and intratims
are introverted as in “socially reserved”. In socionics terms, however,
that is not the case. An introtim may be socially outgoing and even
prefer a situation with broad and intensive social interaction as in a
large group; an extratim may be socially reserved in terms of preferring
social interactions limited to a very small number of select
individuals. What is more important, in terms of socionics
extraversion/introversion, is whether the individual is inclined to take
the initiative in establishing the social interaction (of whatever
kind), or prefers to let others take this initiative.
Further reading
¶
On the Correct Understanding of Dichotomy Extroversion-Introversion by Trehov and
Tsypin
Extraversion and introversion (psychology)
Type
dichotomies
¶
Rationality and irrationality
Extraversion and introversion
Sensing and intuition
Ethics and logic
Static and dynamic
Process and result
Positivist and negativist
Asking and declaring
Constructivist and emotivist
Carefree and farsighted
Yielding and obstinate
Tactical and strategic
Merry and serious
Judicious and decisive
Asking and declaring |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/sensing_intuition.html | Sensing and intuition¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Sensing and intuition
¶
Sensing
/
Intuition
is one of the 4 jungian dichotomies, and one
of the 15
Reinin dichotomies
.
Sensing
in
socionics is a perceptual quality defined by a focus on the tangible,
directly sensible, and visible content of reality. In contrast,
intuition
means a focus on intangible, indirectly perceivable, and
hidden content of reality.
Sensing and intuitive types
¶
Sensing
IM types
are:
SEI
,
ESE
,
LSI
,
SLE
,
SEE
,
ESI
,
LSE
and
SLI
.
Intuitive
IM types
are:
ILE
,
LII
,
EIE
,
IEI
,
ILI
,
LIE
,
EII
and
IEE
.
Using
four-letter code
: Sensing types have an
S
, intuitive types an
N
as second letter.
Theoretical properties
¶
In socionics, two
IM elements
are sensing
(
and
), and two are intuitive
(
and
).
IM types
which contain sensing elements either on
functions
1 and 7, or
functions
2 and 8,
are called
sensing types
. Those which contain intuitive elements one
of those
function
pairs are called
intuitive types
.
Description of the functions
¶
Sensing
¶
Sensing
is a mental process (or ‘psychic function’) that involves
focusing on concrete, tangible details that can be directly experienced.
Sensing comes in two varieties (
extraverted
and
introverted
) depending on whether attention is focused
on reality outside the subject or on the subject’s impressions of
reality.
Half of the
socion
consists of
sensing
types. These
types have either
introverted
or
extraverted
sensing in their
Ego block
(the first two
functions
).
Intuition
¶
Intuition
is a mental process (or ‘psychic function’) that involves
distancing perception from concrete, tangible details. Intuition comes
in two varieties (
extraverted
and
introverted
) depending on whether attention is focused
on reality outside the subject or on the subject’s impressions of
reality.
Half of the
socion
consists of
intuitive
types. These
types have either
introverted
(
) or
extraverted
(
) intuition in their
Ego block
(the first two
functions
).
Typical characteristics of the types
¶
Sensing types
¶
More realistic and down-to-earth.
Rather notice details than the big picture.
More focused on their surroundings, living in the here and now.
More naturally comfortable with physical confrontations.
Often more interested in practice than in theory.
Intuitive types
¶
More idealistic and head-in-clouds.
Rather see the big picture than the details.
More focused on ideas than on surroundings.
Less naturally comfortable with physical confrontations.
Often more interested in theory than in practice.
Additional Links
¶
On the Correct Understanding of Dichotomy Intuition-Sensing by Trehov and Tsypin
Type
dichotomies
¶
Rationality and irrationality
Extraversion and introversion
Sensing and intuition
Ethics and logic
Static and dynamic
Process and result
Positivist and negativist
Asking and declaring
Constructivist and emotivist
Carefree and farsighted
Yielding and obstinate
Tactical and strategic
Merry and serious
Judicious and decisive
Asking and declaring |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/ethics_logic.html | Ethics and logic¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Ethics and logic
¶
Ethics
/
logic
is one of the 4
Jungian dichotomies
, and also one of the 15
Reinin dichotomies
.
Ethics
in socionics is a
perceptual quality defined by a focus on the human, social, moral, and
emotional content of reality. In contrast,
logic
entails a focus on
the inanimate, measurable, systemic, and procedural content of reality.
Ethical and Logical Types
¶
Ethical types
are:
SEI
,
ESE
,
EIE
,
IEI
,
SEE
,
ESI
,
EII
, and
IEE
.
Logical types
are:
ILE
,
LII
,
LSI
,
SLE
,
ILI
,
LIE
,
LSE
, and
SLI
.
Nomenclature
¶
In
three-letter type codes
, “Ethical” types have E as either the first letter, if ethics is their
leading function
(ESE, ESI), or as the second letter if ethics is their
creative function
(SEE, IEI); “Logical types have L as either the first or the second letter, depending on where in ego block their logical element is located.
In
four-letter type codes
, “Ethical” types have an F (feeling) as the third letter, and “Logical” types have T (thinking) as the third letter (e.g. ISFp, ISTj)
Theoretical properties of ethical and logical types
¶
In socionics, two
information (IM) elements
denote
ethics - Fe
and Fi
, and two denote logic -
Te
and Ti
.
Socionic types
that have ethical elements in
functions
1,7 and 2,8 are called
Ethical types
.
Types that have logical elements in these functions are called
Logical
types
.
Description of the psychic functions
¶
Ethics
¶
Ethics
is a mental process (or ‘psychic function’) that involves
focusing on emotional experience, human relationships, and subjective
attitudes. Ethics comes in two varieties (
extraverted
and
introverted
) depending on whether attention is
focused on reality outside the subject or on the subject’s impressions
of reality.
Half of the
socion
consists of
ethical
types. These
types have either
introverted
or
extraverted
ethics in their
Ego block
(the first two
functions
).
Logic
¶
Logic
is a mental process (or ‘psychic function’) that involves
focusing on inanimate objects, logical relationships, and objective
truth. Logic comes in two varieties (
extraverted
and
introverted
) depending on whether attention is focused
on reality outside the subject or on the subject’s impressions of
reality.
Half of the
socion
consists of
logical
types. These
types have either
introverted
or
extraverted
logic in their
Ego block
(the first two
functions
).
Typical characteristics of ethical and logical types
¶
Ethical types
¶
In their thoughts and interactions, give greater weight to ethical
factors.
Rather talk about ethical evaluations (“good or bad”).
Frequently better at solving interpersonal problems.
More often have problems with finding logical solutions.
Tend to prefer persuasion over argumentation.
More vulnerable to “logical” manipulation.
Logical types
¶
More often make decisions based on logical reasons.
Rather talk about logical evaluations (“right or wrong”).
Frequently interested in systems, structures and patterns.
More often have interpersonal problems.
Tend to prefer argumentation over persuasion.
More vulnerable to “ethical” manipulation.
Ethics-Logic and Gender
¶
Generally, most socionists claim that logical types are more common
among men, and ethical types among women. The ratios suggested are
generally between 55%-45% and 70%-30%. Others maintain that the
distribution is more or less balanced.
In addition, socionists note that logical women tend to be more
emotional than logical men, and ethical men less openly emotional than
women.
It is sometimes suggested that this disparity has a biological basis;
namely, that women are biologically adapted to bear, rear, and educate
children and to cooperate with others, which are ethics are a suitable
tool. Men, however, are biologically inclined to procuring food,
organizing work activities and hierarchies, and competing with others,
in which logic often plays a greater role.
The association with women as openly emotional and men as less so is
also subject to the influence of cultural stereotypes.
Additional Links
¶
On the Correct Understanding of Dichotomy Logic-Ethics by Trehov and Tsypin
Type
dichotomies
¶
Rationality and irrationality
Extraversion and introversion
Sensing and intuition
Ethics and logic
Static and dynamic
Process and result
Positivist and negativist
Asking and declaring
Constructivist and emotivist
Carefree and farsighted
Yielding and obstinate
Tactical and strategic
Merry and serious
Judicious and decisive
Asking and declaring |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/statics_dynamics.html | Statics and dynamics¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Statics and dynamics
¶
Static
/
Dynamic
is one of the 15
Reinin dichotomies
. Statics focus on properties and
structures of things. Dynamics focus on movements and interactions of
things. This is a general characteristic, however, and a person will
display static or dynamic perception at any given moment depending on
which
IM element
is in use.
Static and dynamic types
¶
Static
IM types
** are :
ILE
,
LII
,
LSI
,
SLE
,
SEE
,
ESI
,
EII
,
IEE
.
Dynamic
IM types
are :
SEI
,
ESE
,
EIE
,
IEI
,
ILI
,
LIE
,
LSE
,
SLI
.
Using the
four-letter code
: statics are EP or
IJ, and dynamics are EJ or IP.
Typical characteristics
¶
Static types
¶
Perceive events in an episodic manner discrete states rather than
continuous changes.
More inclined to say how stages A, B and C are.
Describe events in a general manner and by comparing them to other
similar events.
More inclined to talk of properties and structures of reality.
The stories of statics usually involve one constant main character.
Dynamic types
¶
Perceive events in a continuous sequence continuous changes rather
than discrete states.
More inclined to say how stage A leads to stage B, and how stage B
leads to stage C.
Describe events in a specific and concrete manner.
More inclined to talk of movements and interactions of reality.
The stories of dynamics usually involve multiple main characters.
Extended characteristics
¶
Description from
2003 Study of Reinin traits
¶
Statics
¶
Statics view reality as sets of episodes, scenes, pictures. The
consciousness of a Static type is oriented towards perceiving these
separate, individual states, and not a continuous flows of changes.
When statics give descriptions of events, they are inclined to
generalize the event itself and treat that event as just another
event among similar events (” I usually celebrate New year…”).
In stories by Statics there is usually one main character who is the
central focus of the story; this almost never changes in the course
of the story.
In stories of Statics descriptions of states dominate over
descriptions of actions, flow of events. In addition to this,
transition from one state to another is not continuous but rather
jumps from one state to another.
Lexicon: frequent usage of “to be” as a catenative verb (“to become”
“to appear to be”), frequent use of impersonal proposals with modal
verbs (“to want”, “to can”; “it is possible to make” instead of “I
will make”), usage of no-verb constructions.
Dynamics
¶
For Dynamic types, events are viewed as a continuous sequence, which
is not fragmented into separate episodes. The consciousness of a
Dynamic type is oriented towards perceiving continuous flows of
changes as opposed to discrete states.
When describing an event Dynamics are not inclined to generalize and
describe the concrete event that has occurred (“Last New year I went
to…”). In their stories, one gets the impression that the Dynamic
type is at the center of the event that he or she is describing,
“drawn” into it.
In stories by Dynamics usually all characters at some point become
protagonist, assume a central role; this role may even be given to
inanimate objects.
In stories of Dynamics descriptions of processes dominate (that which
is occurring, transpiring, going on, rather than something that has
already occurred).
Lexicon: they use verbs of action which do not have a direct object
(“went”, “made”, “brought”, “settle”, “cheered themselves”, “cried a
little”). In their stories they use many semantic verbs which express
actions of the storyteller and other characters in the story and
interaction between all of them.
Notes
We can draw an analogy to grammatical construction of sentences. The
difference between Static and Dynamic speech is analogous to the
difference between different kinds of verbs in Russian: Static’s speech
corresponds to verbs of perfect (certain past) kind (“I have made”), and
Dynamic’s speech to verbs of imperfect (not certain past) kind (“I
did”). In English language Static speech corresponds to simple
(Indefinite) tenses and Dynamic to long (Continuous) tenses. It is
possible to draw another more technical analogy: modern digital cameras
can save their contents in two different ways: they can either save them
as segments or record a digital video. In a similar way the surrounding
reality is fixed in the human mind: Statics “record” reality as separate
packets (“photographs”), Dynamicsas a continuous “video”.
Examples
Statics:
“During New Year I am exhausted” “It would be desirable to
conduct the New Year…” “It was sad (boring, interesting)” “I stayed at
home” “We were on a trip” “This holiday was better in comparison to the
previous one”
Dynamics:
“The Christmas tree smells nice” “The house is filled with
holiday spirit” “This New Year they drove to the ski area where they
skied all day long” “We emptied the whole bottle” “We gathered together,
sang songs, celebrated” “In the New year I expected a miracle, but as
inevitably greeted by a disappointment”.
Description from
Forms of Cognition
by V. Gulenko
¶
In general terms, this dichotomy refers to orientation towards either
space
(Static) or
time
(Dynamic). The categories of space and
time are vital a priori concepts studied in detail by Immanuel Kant in
“Critique of Pure Reason”, contrasting them as extent and duration.
Statics depend more on space, Dynamics more on time. Filling space with
objects characterizes Static behavior, whereas Dynamics saturate time
with events. Statics cannot stand empty spacethey immediately fill it
with available items on hand. Dynamics cannot stand empty timeboredom,
stagnation, prolonged states of the same condition. In a certain sense,
Statics can be called people of place, Dynamics people of time.
Now consider this dichotomy on the individual levels of communication.
Intellectual Level
¶
Statics tend towards fragmentary-analytic thinking; Dynamics tend
towards associative-synthetic thinking.
Analysis
, as defined by most sources, is the division of a whole
into clearly delimited parts. Analytical work is meant to delineate
boundaries. Whereas
synthesis
is akin to associativity, i.e. the
association of two or more concepts by fuzzy, rapid connections whereby
one occurrence immediately evokes others to mind. Resulting in a
coherent synthetic image with blurred internal boundaries.
The epitomization of Dynamic cognition formed the explanatory basis for
the nature of mental processes in the theory of associationism.
Aristotle first advanced the idea that spontaneous mental images can
converge so closely together that the similarity or contrast of multiple
associations emerges on the basis of contiguity. Later John Locke argued
that ideas of any degree of complexity emerge from the process of
associating simple sensations. In this case he contrasted the
association of ideas against purely semantic connections, which in his
opinion were secondary.
Indeed, eidetic mnemonic techniques showed that with aid of visual
association, it is possible to connect anything in the mind. Here are
some of the eidetic memory techniques originating in antiquity.
Roman orator Cicero used the ‘method of loci’ to memorize his speeches
by heart. He mentally laid out information in the corners of a room,
mentally returning to one corner or another to extract as required.
Medieval Dominican monks studying rhetoric used the same method. They
took a road familiar to them to the last detail and mentally walked down
it, successively laying out along the road statements which would be
presented before the audience. While speaking, they would mentally walk
the route, ‘raising’ key concepts they had previously laid there.
Contemporary advertising cleverly exploits the Dynamic side of human
cognition. It is mainly based on the mechanism of association by context
(manly cowboy next to a pack of cigarettes) or contrast (ordinary
laundry detergent vs. advertised laundry detergent). Judging by this
means of consumer inducement, advertising presumably influences Statics
much less than Dynamics. Statics memorize more effectively when material
is structured in rigid semantic relationships, where each concept is
fixed in memory cells like a computer.
Thus, Dynamics are stronger in synthesis operations (not mere simple
connections, but confluence of associations), while Statics are stronger
in analysis (not just any separation, but clear and precise
delineations). Thus, the discrete/continuous pairing has more to do with
the StaticDynamic dichotomy, than with otherwise customary
Rationality/Irrationality. But then, what exactly is the latter?
Irrationality indicates situationality (predominance of context over
aim), while Rationality indicates regularity (predominance of aim over
context).
Social Level
¶
Differences between Dynamic and Static types at this level corresponds
to the contrast between initiators and finalizers.
Dynamics are stronger at the beginning of any activity: they easily move
and quickly enter the realm of nominal activity. Rapid transitions from
a previous state into a new process of change itselfthis is their
customary life. Statics better sustain and continue what has already
begunthat which is already in motion. They must be preliminarily
excited.
However, in the Dynamic is a process of continuous readjustment of focus
and ‘drift’ of purposes. Because of this, the priorities of Dynamics are
volatile and poor in hierarchical coordination. One wish may be quickly
replaced by another and it is difficult for them to concentrate on any
one specific long-term goal without external support. The strength of
Dynamics is not in retaining goals, but in achieving them; they are
better tacticians than strategists.
The objectives of Statics are more stable and reliable. They know what
they want and are able to maintain long-term focus upon it. They arrange
priorities in their life and work, with well-differentiated primary and
secondary objectives that are rarely reversed. Statics are more
successful strategists than tacticians; they know
what
to do much
better than
how
to do it.
A predominance of Dynamics in any social group renders it unstable,
prone to endless change, and sensitive to external interference.
Conversely, if predominated by Statics, then rapid transformations prove
to be impossible due to excess psychological inertia, rendering the
group stabler but more conservative.
Psychological Level
¶
The StaticDynamic dichotomy controls the degree of equilibrium in the
nervous system. Generally, the nervous system of Statics can be regarded
as balanced and Dynamics as unbalanced.
This is tied to variability in the internal state commonly referred to
as ‘mood’. The mood of Dynamics, even if Rational, can substantially
change or fluctuate for seemingly insignificant reasons (from an outside
observer POV). The Dynamic wants total freedom but is more dependent on
ambient environmental conditions and needs a solid foundation.
Statics possess a relatively autonomous psycho-emotional state; their
mood is difficult to spoil, and equally difficult to raise. For Statics,
providing reliable support to those psychologically depending on them is
a routine situation.
Dynamics often develop a psycho-physiological phenomenon known as
‘synaesthesia’a complex relationship between the sensory modalities
that results in confluence between them. Synchronized perception of
color, sound, smell, and taste as a single complex gives Dynamics a
special vividness in their perception of reality. Sometimes fusion of
sensation is developed to such an extent that internal images appear
indistinguishable from reality. For Statics, given the discreteness of
their mental apparatus, regular synesthesia is usually a rare exception
or the result of special training.
Physical Level
¶
At this level, StaticDynamic manifests as contrasting impulses to
biological homeostasis/heterostasis. Homeostasis I understand as
constancy and heterostasis as variability of the organism and its
surrounding environment.
Dynamics are heterostatically inclined to change their material
conditions of life such as wardrobe, home interior, or furniture
arrangement, for sake of variety or out of boredom. For Statics this
tendency is uncharacteristic. Only with difficulty do they proceed with
changes to their home environment to which they have become accustomed.
They will do so only when it’s easier to yield to circumstantial
pressures, than to resist.
As types with variable metabolism, Dynamics can rapidly grow stout,
though just as quickly lose weight if they fall into a state of
emotional distress. Statics have the opposite problem, of a stabler
weight and build: if already seriously fat (or thin), they remain so for
longer times. Their bodily metabolism is more invariant.
The same laws apply in relation to other physiological parameters such
as temperature, blood pressure, perspiration, etc. For example, the body
temperature of Dynamics may fluctuate during the day even with no overt
symptoms of illness. With sufficient training, Dynamic types can
consciously change these parameters in the desired direction.
Additional Commentary and Notes
¶
See also:
Sociotypograph determine your sociotype by Renin dichotomies
.
This dichotomy is useful for differentiating types that superficially
may present themselves similarly, such as quasi-identicals or benefit
pairs. For example, if one is not sure whether a person’s type is ILI or
LII, this can be resolved by determining whether this person’s
expression is dominated by static or dynamic constructions. In some
cases, due to a strong emphasis on hidden agenda, the type in position
of benefactor begins to mimic their beneficiary type and may type
themselves as such, mistaking an accentuated interest in hidden agenda
for their base function. However, all benefit pairs lie on different
sides of the Static / Dynamic dichotomy and can be differentiated
according to this trait.
Differentiation of Static from Dynamic types can be done through careful
inspection and analysis of grammatical and lexical constructions present
in written and verbal statements of the individual whose type is under
question. By estimating the relative proportion of static to dynamic
constructions, one can make inferences about another person’s type of
information metabolism. Moreover, since this trait can be estimated from
verbal or written material (email, letters, books, forum posts, etc.)
such inferences can be made from a distance, while not being closely
acquainted with the individual being typed.
People’s expressions usually contain a mixture of both static and
dynamic constructions. This proportion can be related to types roughly
in the following way:
Static: Ji-Ixxj > Pi-Exxp > Pe-Ixxj > Pe-Exxp || Pi-Ixxp < Pi-Exxj <
Je-Ixxp < Je-Exxj :Dynamic
That is, the statements of Ji-Ij and Pi-Ep types usually contain the
greatest proportion of static constructions, while the expressions of
Je-Ip and Je-Ej types contain the greatest proportion of dynamic
constructions. From this information, one can then make inferences about
the information metabolism preferences of a person and narrow down his
or her likely type. For greater accuracy, analyzing the equivalent of at
least one page of text is recommended. In case when all available
material is online posts, it is best to analyze posts that contain
blocks of text rather than one-liners.
Examples
¶
ILE-Ti
(static perception)
:
“When I’m driving in the car, I don’t,
and can’t, have a running record in my mind of everything I’ve seen.
When I’m in the mountains, for example, I’ll see a scene with tall grass
and flowers, next jumping to a scene of a mountain with a cloud hovering
right above, then jumping to another scene and another, next to me, in
front of me, on one side of the road, then maybe on the other. Each
scene is separate from every other scene so I can never get a feel for
the drive as a whole, only unseparated scenes. It gets as crazy as after
having driven a 10-mile stretch of highway hundreds of times, I still
don’t grasp it as a whole, only as parts, and I don’t know where the
curves in the road will be, what specifically will be around the next
curve, and what the relationship is of each scene to another. It means
every drive is entirely different than the one before and the one after
because each time I’m looking at different scenes a little differently
in a different order, so I never get tired of the drive. My husband has
the road memorized after one or two drives and is bored from then on
out. If I write down the drive in words, I can memorize the words and
from then on I’ll know where things are located before I get to them,
rather than having whatever is coming up be a mystery. I recognize the
drive as a whole, as in I’m not lost, I just can’t say what specifically
will be coming up next. This also happens even if the drive is only a
mile long and I’ve driven it hundreds of times. I also had trouble with
organic chemistry because it’s hard for me to grasp physical patterns
and keep them in my mind.
EIE-Fe
(dynamic perception)
:
” I could always imagine the
interconnected systems, what feeds into what, etc. When I drive roads
enough I could probably do them with my eyes closed…lol. In fact if I
think back on the road I used to take to work every day, I could
probably make the whole drive appear in my head from the perspective of
the driver like a played out fast-forward sequence. It’s like for me I
have to have a contiguous picture of everything. For example, there is
this one intersection that, before I moved near the city, I had only
been through a couple of times, and in my mind it had a certain feel
based on how I saw it connecting to the other roads in the city. But
when I started frequenting that area, and came to see all of the other
roads around it, and actually knew and understood from a first person
POV how everything was connected and where other things were in relation
to that intersection, it took on this entirely different character in my
mind… It’s hard to explain, but yeah…everything in my head has to be
connected to something else for me to make sense of it and have a real
grasp of it. Like when I give people directions, I try to put myself in
the shoes of the person who is driving, tell them what they will see and
stuff, rather than just saying “do this do that and this and then you’re
there.” In order to access the directions in my mind, I have to kind of
do the drive in my mind; I can’t just make it a list like “turn right
then left then straight.”
IEE-Fi
(static perception)
:
“I don’t know. I’m really bad at
recognizing what’s happening or where I’m at. I’m always like, “Oh, I
fucking suck.” So I never understand.”
Semantic analysis - Dynamic types [incomplete - needs further work]
LIE-Ni: “But I went home this past Christmas, this was right before I
wrote the song, and I went back to the same bars that I used to go to
and hang out with my friends, and my same friends’ houses, my mom and
dad’s house, and even though I got tired as a kid growing up and hearing
my mom and dad preach to me all the time My dad, he’d say, Son, I’d
say, Yeah? He’d go, What? I’d have to say, “Yes, sir,” you know? And
I got tired of that. But now I realize that those are the same reasons I
still go back home, because of the morals and the values that were
instilled in me and my friends. And I wouldn’t be the man I am today
without the things that were instilled in me as a kid. And that stems
from my family and my friends, and just life in general.”
Theoretical properties of statics and dynamics
¶
Static
IM types
contain static
IM elements
in their
mental
ring
(functions 1 through 4), and dynamic elements in the
vital
ring (5 through 8). This means that they tend to
verbalize things from a static standpoint, while their behavior is
more influenced by dynamic aspects.
Dynamic
IM types
contain dynamic
IM elements
in their
mental
ring, and
static element in the
vital
ring. They tend to verbalize
things from a dynamic standpoint, while their behavior is more
influenced by static aspects.
According to definitions from
classical socionics
,
static elements capture
“snapshots” of reality, while dynamic elements track events in
process
. Static aspects of reality tend to remain more or less fixed
over a significant period of time, while dynamic aspects are changeable
and constantly evolving. Here are some rough descriptions of how the
perception of static and dynamic
IM elements
compare
to each other:
(static) perceives outward sensory data projected by
objects. Unless objects change their appearance significantly, the
impression will not change.
(dynamic) perceives internal reactions to sensory
data. Each perception of the same thing can be different depending on
the observer’s changing internal state.
(static) perceives inherent potential in objects.
Objects don’t tend to change their nature much over time, though new
circumstances can reveal hitherto unnoticed aspects of that
potentiality.
(dynamic) perceives internal reactions to external
potentiality. Today the possibilities might seem inviting and
favorable, but tomorrow they might produce a sense of foreboding or
despondency.
(static) perceives logical interrelations between
objects, which by definition belong to a certain class or location,
unless the point of reference is changed.
(dynamic) perceives what those objects are doing and
what is being done with them. One and the same object can be used
effectively or ineffectively.
(static) perceives connections of a subjective,
emotional nature that exist between objects. These feelings arise
gradually and change little until a significant disruption occurs.
(dynamic) perceives how objects are interacting on an
emotional level. One and the same object can interact very different
with a stable set of other objects depending on a variety of factors.
See also
¶
J/P switch
- the hypothesis of a correspondence
between static/dynamic and the
Myers-Briggs
dichotomy J/P.
Type
dichotomies
¶
Rationality and irrationality
Extraversion and introversion
Sensing and intuition
Ethics and logic
Static and dynamic
Process and result
Positivist and negativist
Asking and declaring
Constructivist and emotivist
Carefree and farsighted
Yielding and obstinate
Tactical and strategic
Merry and serious
Judicious and decisive
Asking and declaring |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/yielding_obstinate.html | Yielding and obstinate¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Yielding and obstinate
¶
Yielding
/
Obstinate
, sometimes called
Resource-protecting
/
Interest-protecting
, is one of the 15
Reinin dichotomies <reinin_dich>
.
Yielding and obstinate types
¶
Yielding types are
SEI
,
ILE
,
IEI
,
SLE
,
ESI
,
LIE
,
EII
,
LSE
Obstinate types are
LII
,
ESE
,
LSI
,
EIE
,
ILI
,
SEE
,
SLI
,
IEE
Using the
four-letter code
: yielding types are ET or IF, obstinate types are EF or IT.
Theoretical properties of yielding and obstinate types
¶
Yielding/obstinate corresponds with the
evaluatory
/
situational
dichotomy for
rational
information elements
:
The yielding types have evaluatory
and
situational
.
The obstinate types have evaluatory
and
situational
.
Typical characteristics
¶
Yielding types
¶
Resources are ‘sacred’, but ideas are freely shared and manipulated.
Easily aware of the boundaries between their and others’ interests.
Protect their resources to the point of conflict, and their reaction
may be unduly strong.
If I know I can’t do something, I won’t and will forget all about
it.
Obstinate types
¶
Ideas are ‘sacred’, but resources are freely shared and manipulated.
Easily aware of the boundaries between their and others’ resources.
Guard their interests from intrusions, and their reaction to such
intrusions may be quite sharp.
I won’t abandon my interests just because my resources are
inadequate, but simply work towards improving my resources until they
ARE adequate.
Extended characteristics
¶
Taken from
2003 study of Reinin traits
.
Yielding
¶
For the Yielding type, personal resources falls into their “inner
personal space” (i.e. something that cannot be compromised), which is
outlined with a “personal boundary”, while interests constitute an
object to be manipulated. Interest is evoked only if it can be
supported by an adequate, corresponding resource or opportunity.
Yielding type, while interacting with other people, freely express
their interests (they readily share photographs, voice their
disagreements, consider counterarguments, are ready to share their
interests with other people and collaborate on them). These types
clearly delineate interests as “my own” and “those of others”.
Yielding types protect themselves during conflicts over resources,
but they do not monitor encroachments on their interests. If anyone
attempts to claim their resources, thus intruding into their
“personal space”, they react sharply, which can even seem a bit over
the edge and aggressive. (This reaction is associated with
“inviolability” of their resources.)
Obstinate
¶
For Obstinate types, their interest fall into their “personal
(“inviolable”) space”, which is outlined with a “personal boundary”,
while resources are an object to be manipulated. In the presence of
an interest, their will seek suitable resources and opportunities.
The Obstinate interacting with other people freely operates with
their resources (they can “share” and “trade” them, purposefully
replenish them and use them up). They are acutely aware of the
dividing line between their own resources and those of others.
Obstinate types guard themselves from intrusions into their personal
sphere of interests, while at the same time they pay no heed to
intrusions on their resources. If someone tries to impose their
interests on Obstinate types, thus intruding into their personal
space, their reaction will be sufficiently deterring and sharp (such
a reaction occurs in cases when other’s interests do not become their
interests).
Notes
Key concepts of this dichotomy are “personal space”, “resources” (what
we have available at our disposal) and “personal interests” (what is
meant here are not personal interests, but pursuits we find interesting
and feel personal responsibility and attachment to). “Personal space” is
something that an individual feels is an integral part of himself or
herself, cannot renounce it, and will defend it from impositions and
intrusions from outside. For the Yielding types, this space is occupied
by their resources, while for the Obstinate typesby their interests.
Correspondingly, Yielding types manipulate interests (freely change
them, adjust them in accordance with their resources) and
Obstinatetheir resources (they adjust them to their interests).
Examples
Compliant:
“Affairs can be yours and those of other people who can
compel you with their requests” “Interests that cannot be realized
eventually become uninteresting. I let go of old interests easily” “I
try to limit my affairs, how many things I’m involved with, how many
things I am suppose to do. Potentially this is interesting to me but I
will not undertake it” “If I know that I can’t do something, I will
reject it and will forget about it” “If I have an interest, it is,
naturally, reflected by capabilities. If something is impossible I won’t
go wasting my time and effort on it.” “I don’t understand people who
list all kinds of interests… personally I clearly know what my
capabilities are”
Obstinate:
“I never let go of my favorite occupations. I will do them
at expense of sleep, food…” “I certainly won’t abandon it…. I’m
inclined to squeeze the situation to the very end” “I can’t let go of my
interests out of fear of destruction and loss of my personality” “My
interests are at the limits of my physical capabilities. When my
physical capabilities show me their limitsI back away, but I will do
this only as a very last resort… but even then I will not abandon them
but “postpone” them and await the moment when I have sufficient
resources. I won’t let go of my interests, even though the resources are
already insufficient…”
Type
dichotomies
¶
Rationality and irrationality
Extraversion and introversion
Sensing and intuition
Ethics and logic
Static and dynamic
Process and result
Positivist and negativist
Asking and declaring
Constructivist and emotivist
Carefree and farsighted
Yielding and obstinate
Tactical and strategic
Merry and serious
Judicious and decisive
Asking and declaring |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/democratic_aristocratic.html | Democratic and aristocratic¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Democratic and aristocratic
¶
Aristocracy
/
Democracy
is one of the 15
Reinin dichotomies <reinin_dich>
.
Aristocratic and democratic types
¶
Democratic types are all
Alpha
and
Gamma
types, namely,
LII
,
ESE
,
SEI
,
ILE
,
ESI
,
LIE
,
ILI
,
SEE
.
Aristocratic types are all
Beta
and
Delta
types, namely,
LSI
,
EIE
,
IEI
,
SLE
,
EII
,
LSE
,
SLI
,
IEE
.
Using the
four-letter code
: democrats are NT
or SF, aristocrats are NF or ST.
Typical characteristics
¶
Aristocrats
¶
Inclined to perceive and refer to other people, and themselves, by
means of groupings and categories that they see these people
belonging to; these groupings may be created and defined by the
Aristocrats themselves, rather than be already existing and socially
defined ones.
Their initial attitude towards another person is influenced by their
attitude towards the grouping they see this person belonging to.
Tend to attribute common qualities to members of same groupings, and
define such groupings by these same qualities.
Inclined to refer to others using expressions that mention
generalized features of their groupings.
Democrats
¶
Perceive and refer to other people, and themselves, primarily
describing individual, personal qualities: frank, trustworthy,
generous, unimaginative, lighthearted, good-looking, etc. which are
generally not in connection to any grouping to which they might
belong.
Form their relationships and attitudes toward other persons based on
their own individual characteristics, rather than taking into account
which grouping these persons fall into or their own relationships
with the members of these circles and groupings.
Not inclined to perceive people as representatives of a certain
grouping that supposedly possesses qualities inherent to people who
comprise it.
When referring to others, not inclined to use expressions that
mention the generalized features of the grouping or categories that
these people belong to.
Extended characteristics
¶
Taken from
2003 study of Reinin traits
.
Democrats
¶
Democrat perceives and distinguishes himself primarily through
personal qualities. Perceiving other people, their personal qualities
are likewise primary for him (how close, interesting, pleasant or
unpleasant this individual is to him personally; their intelligence,
ideas, appearance, tastes, etc.). Because of this, individualism is
inherent to the democrat: “I am I”.
Democrat forms his attitude toward a specific person based on their
personal characteristics (authority, intellect, personal
achievements, etc.). The democrat recognizes superiority of certain
individuals drawing from their personal qualities. The relation of
the democrat to another person will not be based on their belonging
to one group or another, as well as on their relations to the
representatives of these groups.
Democratic types are not inclined to perceive people with whom they
associate as representatives of a certain “circle of contacts”, which
possesses special characteristics, inherent precisely to the members
of this circle.
Democrat is not inclined to use expressions that generalize “group
features” of certain individuals (for example, “a typical
representative”).
Aristocrats
¶
The aristocrat frequently perceives and defines himself an other
people through group associations (division into groups can occur
based on almost any criteria: professional or theoretical, by age or
nationality, by place of residence or which floor the persons live
on, etc.), for example: “I’m a representative of…” “This person is
from such and such…”. Collectivism is more inherent to the
aristocrat.
Their attitude toward another person forms under the influence of
their attitude towards the group to which the person belongs. To the
aristocrat, it is incomprehensible how it is possible to belong to
two opposing groups at the same time: “You are either with us, or
with them and against us”.
Aristocrat distinguished his “circle of contacts” by certain traits,
realizes its certain “specialty”.
In speech aristocrat frequently use expressions like “group”,
“typical representative of”, “our”, “all of them are like that”, etc.
Notes
Briefly, the essence of each of these attributes can be expressed as
follows: primacy of collective “we” (Aristocrats) or of individual
“I” (Democrats) and the corresponding values.
It is possible to say that the aristocrat is to a larger degree a
social being, an the democratindividualistic. Therefore, the dispute
of what is more importantsociety or the individualcannot be
resolved.
From the point of view of social psychology, in perception of a new
person the aristocrat strongly involves the mechanism of social
recognition: casual attribution (the degree depends on uniqueness and
social conditionality of behavior) and “halo/aura” effect (which
manifests when the individual has little information about a new
person). Both of them are a part of the process of stereotyping
(perception/recognition through a stereotype) [1, with. 128].
Hypotheses
Aristocrats:
Ethical intuitive types create new groups (“inhabitants
of suburbs”, “typical representative of a new generation of
goalkeepers”)adding up or summing up certain cumulative features which
are inherent in the majority. Logical sensing types use these groupings
that have been created by ethical intuitives, switching to their strong
logical function and building a system of personal relations on its
basis.
Democrats:
In perception of a democrat, a group is created from
individuals drawn together on basis of a common interest, project, idea
(for logical intuitive types) or on basis of mutual sentiments and
sympathies (for ethical sensing types). Additionally, a group in
perception of democratic types is not the basis for creating a social
hierarchy.
Influence of this attribute on determination of the type of
personality
Hierarchy and status are frequently described as inherent to
structural logic (Ti). According to our observations this is entirely
false. White logic (Ti) types of the first quadra will adhere to
formal requirements, but will not begin to reconstruct all of their
behavior in accordance to a new status. In this manner will act the
aristocrats of the second quadra, most obviously the sensing logical
types. Some confusion can arise due to this. If we were to observe,
we would see that other aristocratic types are no less inclined to
such “status games”, for example “I demand that they relate to me as
the director” (EIE), “I cannot associate with those of a higher
position than me” (IEE).
Division of people into “mine” and “not mine” is frequently
attributed to aristocracy. In actuality, this division holds true for
any types that values white ethics (Fi), including the democratic
types (SEE, and in particular ESI). If we expand this concept, then
“my” is any person with whom close relations have been formed, there
is a familiar connection or sincere attachment. For the IEE an EII
sincere attachment and belonging to a group become combined: “mine”
and “not mine” for them are members of “their group” or “foreign
group”.
Switching from “you” to “formal you” [Russian language and a few
other languages have formal and informal forms of reference] is not
always significant from the point of view of manifestation of this
attribute. According to the standards of etiquette and rules of
behavior, it is accepted to address older people and those in senior
position with formal form of “you” (with respect), and different
informal situations, regardless of the rules, require switch to
informal “you”. For instance if a child’s mother is the teacher in
his class, then the child will refer to her with formal “you” in
class. It is possible to give more example of this. The important
thing is not how they are addressed, but the reason for doing so.
Examples
Democrats:
“I’m not interested in social affiliations of a person or
other social ‘marks’ they may have” “I don’t even have thoughts of
establishing someone’s affiliations to any groups. A person is a unit”
“It is important what the individual represents” “When I interact with
somebody I don’t really care whether they are a man or a woman” “It is
difficult for me to determine what constitutes belonging to a group, I
cannot isolate that something that differentiates from others” “I am a
representative only of my own ideas” “I notice groups, but it’s just a
game (they are not real, the groups are pretended)”.
Aristocrats:
“I perceive people based on their group affiliations,
place everyone “on a shelf” (“a good mother”, “a charming person”,
etc.)” “If it is possible to determine in which grouping the person
belongs, then this is reassuring. It is easier to receive information
from someone knowing which group they are a part of” “I separate people
based on their professional capabilities. First: to what social and
economic stratus the person belongs to. Second: is he a professional or
not, the way he conducts himself, his individual qualities” “I am
referring to you as to a typical representative of translators” “At my
workplace they hired a new secretary recently, and she works poorly, and
in general is not that kind of a person. May be because she is from the
suburbs… please don’t misunderstand me, I’m not an aristocrat! I’m
not!” “For me this religion means nothing, but for the ordinary people
it is necessary” “You are my friend, but my friends don’t steal toilet
paper from McDonalds!”
Investigation of Quadra Attributes:
The concept of a “quadra spirit”
or “quara values” can be expressed through the filling of three quadra
attributes. Thus, for example, a song from 1930: “We shall sing and
laugh alike children, in persistent struggle and labor”was composed by
a person belonging to the second quadra, not because of the “quadra
spirit”, but because two attributes are embedded within itsubjectivism
and decisivenessthe combination of which exists only in the second
quadra.
Additional Commentary and Notes
¶
See also:
Sociotypograph determine your sociotype by Renin dichotomies
.
It has been noted that there exists a considerable overlap in traits
assigned to Aristocratic/Democratic dichotomy in socionics and to
instincts and instinctual combinations in the enneagram model, leading
to frequent confusions of their properties. The descriptions of the
valued Social instinct, in particular, outline a similar set of traits
to the ones attributed to Aristocratic types in Reinin dichotomies. Here
is a sample description of valued Social instinct from
Enneagram Institute
:
“
Social
:
This subtype is focused on their interactions with other
people and with the sense of value or esteem they derive from their
participation in collective activities. These include work, family,
hobbies, clubsbasically any arena in which Social types can interact
with others for some shared purpose. … Within that social instinct,
however, are many other implicit imperatives, and primary among them is
the understanding of “place” within a hierarchical social structure.
”
That is, valued Social instinct is associated with greater awareness of
social and cultural spheres of life, social norms and conventions,
social standing and hierarchies, and the inclination to participate in
the collective activities. All of this may be mistakenly interpreted as
socionics “Aristocratic” trait (especially for stackings that have
secondary Social instinct, for whom the social sphere is often an area
of creative exploration). Conversely, social-last stackings sp/sx and
sx/sp possess a lowered awareness of the social and cultural spheres,
decreased interest in group activities and collective themes, and
exhibit greater social insularity and even disregard or rejection of
social norms and conventions, which is easily confused with socionics
“Democratic” traits.
Since the differences between the socionics Aristocratic/Democratic
trait and properties of the enneagram social instinct have never been
clearly explained,
it is inadvisable to rely on this dichotomy in
typing.
Examples
¶
Expressions that possibly demonstrate “Aristocratic” traits, such as
propensity to view people as having certain positions within a group,
generalization of qualities of one individual onto a broader contingent,
and explicit regulation of relations:
EII: “It’s always important to have a sense of humility and to know
your place (mine just happens to be at the top). Remember to support
those below you - if your inferiors falter, there will be no pyramid
for you to stand at the top of.” - hierarchical attribution (“your
place”).
EII: “you don’t know shit and you need to learn your place” -
hierarchical attribution (“your place”).
EII: “You could have at least done a service for yourself and others
by admitting that you are at fault, which you didn’t have the decency
to do while you were discussing this with me.” - explicit/public
regulation of relations.
SLE-IEI conversation: SLE - “You have no idea what went on, you’re
assuming shit. She started ignoring me because I was being “mean”.
Like I said, I was out of my element with this girl, duals are
jealous around each other. She felt the same way. Please, know your
place woman.” IEI in response - ‘“Know
your
place. If you’re not
seeing each other exclusively you have no right to treat her as your
exclusive property and think you somehow have a “right” to determine
who she can/can’t hang out with and “punish” her accordingly, duality
or not. And even then it’s questionable. Grow up, grow balls, etc.”
Stratievskaya on “Aristocratic” quadra and relations (excepts from
various blog entries):
From
IEE-ILI mirage relations
:
“For example, one may leave for a vacation and ask the IEE to
complete some task or activity, and upon return find it ruined in all
respects, with no further possibility to restore it or straighten
things out. There was agreement then there was no agreement, and
why is this? there won’t be any answer. At best IEE will reply: “I
did not hire myself out to work for you!” (aristocracy).”
“Furthermore, here we have interaction between a “democratic” type
and an “aristocratic” type: IEE dislikes being a servant to and doing
errands for the ILI. The mere hint of such a possibility is annoying
to the IEE. Therefore, under any circumstances he tries not to give
in to any hints, suggestions, requests, or even demands of ILI. He
attempts to stay on the dominant position under any circumstances,
from the heights of which IEE dispenses the necessary assistance at
the right time in the form of valuable advice, as a knowledgeable
person and as a seasoned professional.”
From
EII-LIE semi-duality relations
:
“LIE will have difficulty understanding and dealing with the “petty”
(aristocratic, ceremonious) ethics of relations of EII, since LIE is
subconsciously oriented at democratic ethic of relations of his dual
ESI, whose ethical function is directed at providing immediate and
effective assistance in critical situations and not at “ceremonious”
regulation of relationships. Therefore, the callowness and
negligibility of EII’s grievances and offenses will soon start to
annoy the LIE: “How can he (EII) become so offended over such minor
things!”
“This is something that I (EII) did not like in him (LIE) - his
attitude towards women. He did not indulge them, did not tell them
beautiful compliments - he did not idolize his women. No - he was a
kind and attentive man. I never heard a bad word from him, but
neither did he voice any compliments - such a person he was. He has
never told me that he loved me, or even that he missed me …
(Aristocratic, subordinate to rituals ethics of relations of EII is
not consistent with the democratic, free from accumulations of ritual
relations ethics of 3rd quadra. Each quadra has its own code of
ethics.)”
Theoretical properties of aristocratic and democratic types
¶
Aristocrats have the
logical
and
sensing
IM elements
in the same blocks of
Model A
.
Here is a possible interpretation of this:
Material assets are systematized and automated. Systems and production
have a material expression. Ideas exist for people and societal
relationships. People and relationships are valued for their personality
and potential.
Democrats have the
ethical
and ‘’’sensing ‘’’
IM elements
in the same blocks of
Model A
.
Here is a possible interpretation of this:
Material assets exist for people and societal relationships. Systems
and production are intangible or out of sight. Ideas and vision exist
for technology and systems. People and relationships are valued for
their effect and their comfort.
When analyzing this dichotomy from the perspective of
model A
,
Augusta
listed all the blocks in this
dichotomy (so
with
,
with
etc for Aristocracy and
with
,
with
etc for Democracy),
attributing specific traits to each block which she extended to
characteristics of each dichotomy as whole. They are not all obviously
connected to a focus or lack thereof on groups as per the most common
definition of this dichotomy and as listed in the “typical
characteristics” section below.
A possible explanation for this trait regarding group thinking goes as
follows. Aristocratic reasoning merely structures
logically(
) characteristics they have observed
(
) in several individuals, being thus a logical
“connecting of the dots” applied to people. From a purely logical
perspective applied to
perceptions and
goals, it makes perfect sense to assume that, if you perceive an
individual as belonging to a group posssessing some traits you have
already concluded are characteristic of that group, said individual will
exhibit those traits. For example, if in your experience so far
(
) all persons belonging to a particular division in a
company have been unhelpful, it makes sense to conclude logically
(
) in a purely impersonal way that that is a
characteristic of that division, and extrapolate that to further persons
from that group. From the point of view of primitive societies or
situations of non-organized warfare and conflict, such a reasoning may
even be crucial for survival since it allows you to estimate who your
enemies are before they attack you.
By contrast, the Democratic reasoning focuses on observations
on a case-by-case basis, that is of the individual they
happen to be interacting with at the moment (
). A focus on
does not lead to creating logical structures, but to
forming stable connections to persons on individual-to-indvidual basis,
and in that case there is no point to, and no inclination for,
considerations of whether the observed reality
of the
person fits into a broader logical structure of a group
(
).
This explanation seems more obvious in connection to the
Beta
quadra; far less so in the case of
Delta
since the
+
block is subdued. Another way of
explaining this for
Delta
might be through the
+
block; on the basis that the realization
of someone’s potential (
) is realized via connections with
others (
), and that one of Delta’s characteristics is the
formation of groups towards worthy and productive goals.
Type
dichotomies
¶
Rationality and irrationality
Extraversion and introversion
Sensing and intuition
Ethics and logic
Static and dynamic
Process and result
Positivist and negativist
Asking and declaring
Constructivist and emotivist
Carefree and farsighted
Yielding and obstinate
Tactical and strategic
Merry and serious
Judicious and decisive
Asking and declaring |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/tactical_strategic.html | Tactical and strategic¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Tactical and strategic
¶
Tactical
/
strategic
is one of the 15
Reinin dichotomies <reinin_dich>
.
Tactical and strategic types
¶
The tactical
IM types
are :
ILE
,
ESE
,
LSI
,
IEI
,
ILI
,
ESI
,
LSE
, and
IEE
.
The strategical
IM types
are :
SEI
,
LII
,
EIE
,
SLE
,
SEE
,
LIE
,
EII
, and
SLI
.
Using the
four-letter code
: tactical types are
NP or SJ, strategical types are NJ or SP.
Typical characteristics
¶
Tactics
¶
Focus on methods, and manipulate them, with goals unsettled.
Goals are defined by, and modified to fit methods.
Prefers to expand options. Doesn’t like to have too few of them.
Strategy
¶
Focus on goals, and manipulate them, with methods unsettled.
Methods are defined by, and modified to fit goals.
Prefers to defend goals. Doesn’t like to be forced to deviate from
them.
Extended characteristics
¶
Taken from
2003 study of Reinin traits
.
Tactics
¶
Tactical types focus their attention on their current situation, on
the nearest action, on the actual choicesin other words, they are
more oriented at their course, the chain of events, instead of the
goal towards which this chain may lead.
As a rule, they do not “fix” for themselves a single “point” which
they want to hit or reachin other words, a goal. Thus, the direction
in which they are moving is liable to change.
In contrast to Strategic types, they are not inclined to constantly
compare their current actions with the desired end state (“goal”).
The emerging goals are evaluated in accordance to how well they fit
their current route (how well the goal coincides with the direction
they are adhering to).
All possibilities of events occurring now or those that have occurred
in the past (that which has occurred or could have occurred) i.e.
different scenarios, outcomes, they perceive as equivalent (equally
likely to happen and equally likely to have happened).
They consciously do not set goals or do it very rarely (when
pressured by the circumstances). They avoid setting distant (very
long-term or global) goals: “Why planyou still need to live to that
moment”.
Tactical types consciously operate with routes/pathwaysthey examine
and contrast many different possible variations of present events and
actions they can undertake (i.e. pathways), arrange them according to
some kind of criteria (for example, for optimal efficiency).
If Tactical types assess their actions to be directed towards a
concrete goal, when the goal is reached they feel a sensation of
emptiness, disappointment.
Lexicon: in speech of tacticians words “way” “means” “methods” can
often be heard. They are not inclined to speak of the purpose of
their actions but rather substitute it with other concepts
(“necessity” “dream” “interest” “task” and so on)
Strategy
¶
Strategic types focus their attention on a “point” they wish to
reach, i.e. on the goal of their actions instead of the actions and
events themselves.
Strategists, as a rule, do not fix their direction i.e. concrete
actions the sequence of which leads to the goal. Thus, their
“trajectory” by which they move towards fulfilling their goals can
change.
They assess their actions and choices from the point of view of how
closer they bring them to their desired objectives (goals). Being put
before a choice, they reject those options that do not bring them
closer.
In analyzing past, Strategists accentuate “key moments” (most
significant stages) that led them to present point. They do not
consider all versions of events as equivalent (they perceive the
version that has actualized separately, by itself)
They consciously set goals and have difficulty scrapping them. May
experience confusion if they are forced to change a goal. They
experience satisfaction in achieving their set objectives (goals) and
disappointment if they had to deviate away from it or could not
achieve it.
Strategists consciously operate with goals. In situations where
Strategists have several goals, they sort and arrange their goals
into a hierarchy.
Without having a conscious goal, Strategists feel as if something is
missing and their life is incomplete. They experience discomfort and
feel disoriented.
Lexicon: in their speech Strategists often use words “goal” “aim” and
other versions of this. Strategists clearly express their goals and
purposes, precisely formulate and describe them, do not substitute
them with other concepts unlike Tacticians.
Notes
The key element in understanding this group is the dichotomy of
“goal/purposemethod/pathway”. The consciousness of the Strategist is to
a larger degree orientated towards the goal/purpose itself and not
towards the actions undertaken in process of achieving it, while the
consciousness of the Tactician is largely focused on the path i.e. the
actual actions (“steps”) but not their end goal. This encompasses not
only the conscious activities of individuals, which decisions they
undertake, and so on, but also external circumstances, background
events, and other concurrent factors. On a general level it is possible
to speak about a difference in “reference points”: either the course is
corrected in accordance to some fixed goal (Strategist) or the course
becomes fixed and goals become variable (Tactician).
Hypotheses
Tactical types feel disappointment upon reaching a goal in cases when
they had to deviate from their course. This is because the course or
pathway is more important for Tactical types than their goal. Thus, in
situations when their purpose came to the foreground before their
course, they experienced discomfort. This is further aggravated for
Rational Tacticals, who, by their nature, are inclined to plan their
actions, and feel great discomfort if their plans come apart. On the
other hand, a feeling of emptiness arises because when a goal has been
reached the course is interrupted. Tactical types feel as if the ground
temporarily leaves from under their feet. The sensation of confidence,
resoluteness that accompanies their normal mode of life disappears. When
they were “moving along their own path”, everything was clear and easy.
Upon reaching a goal, even if it was a much desired one, Tactical types
lose their “string” and often do not know how to proceed further and
what to do next.
Examples
Tacticians:
“To speak of global goals is difficult, a goal is several
localized tasks” “I do not see one big goal, but rather a chain of small
ones” “I pick up everything as I go along” “Long term goals… well I
reach them, but somehow it all occurs crookedly” “If I ever set an end
goal, I would have died! Such a thing does not exit for me” “There are
multiple goals at the end of each path that you take. I try to “catch”
them along the way” “My way, for a long time, was clear to me” “There
are many things that I could have done, but haven’t” “There are many
ways in which my life could have unfolded. I could have lived in
different places, could have had other professions” “If I was another
person, everything could have been different” “When I look back and
think about the things that could have been, I see many crossroads. I
see myself, as I am living after taking a different turnin another
universe”
Strategists:
“The point is not whether the goal is big or small, but
in being aware of it. The goal is clear, the course is undefined… I
don’t always remember how I accomplish what I have in mind” “I was a
slave to my goal” “A goal constitutes the central point of
self-organization. I feel ashamed that some goals are left unfulfilled,
even if they are insignificant… if a goal was drawn you can’t really
erase it” “A global goal is a comforting thought. If the criteria of a
course satisfies the criteria set by the goal, I will take it” “There
aren’t any “distractions” along the way” “A person must have a goal in
life, otherwisewhat’s the point?” “A huge list35 items of what I want
to accomplish in my life” “A person cannot always clearly state that
what he wishes to accomplish, but nevertheless they accomplish it…
minor questions I do not consider, I aim somewhere further than that”
“There are such moment in ones lifecardinal moments,where if I failed
to do something I wanted, it would not have been me… I always look
where it would have led me” “Every act leads somewhere” “There were many
“key moments”. The important thing was how they shortened or prolonged
my movement towards the end point” “I keep track of “key moments” and
can list them one by one. I regret that because of lack of experience I
could not solve some problems effectively, and because of this it took
longer time for me to reach my goal… One way or another, I would have
reached the result that I wanted to reach.”
Examples
¶
Interaction of of two strategic types taken from Vera Stratievskaya’s
EII-LIE semi-duality description:
Both EII and LIE are also strategic types: if they instigate
something, it will be something substantial and they won’t stop
halfway at achieving this goal. Partners-strategists simply put each
other before the fact that something is already planned and requires
realization and active participation of the other partner. They do so
without carefully considering means and capabilities of the other and
without receiving his or her advice and consent. They simply suddenly
“saddle” their partner with an activity or assignment, which in
itself makes each of them feel frustrated. In dual relations, their
enduring, hard-working, tactical, sensing partners LSE and ESI, can
usually handle these “assignments” and help them realize their goals
and plans, through even their energy and strength don’t last forever.
However, in semi-dual relations these two pragmatic and overly
optimistic intuitive types are quickly faced with a mutual rejection
of such plans: who likes it when such important and effort intensive
decisions are made over their heads, regardless of their opinion,
without their consent? “You want this you take care of it. Don’t
count on me. I have intended to do something else today.”
Interaction of of two strategic types SLI-EII:
I would ask her: “This weekend I’m planning to go to this
presentation. Would you like to come along?” She (SLI) would respond
with: “No, we have important plans for the weekend. Did you forget?
Attend another time.” Me: “Well what plans did we have?” Her: replies
with something hazy. Then she would was just sit in and watch movies
or chat online when the day came.
Theoretical properties of tactical and strategic types
¶
Tactical/strategic corresponds with the
inert
/
contact
dichotomy for
irrational
information elements
:
The tactical types have contact
sensing
and inert
intuition
.
The strategic types have contact intuition and inert sensing.
Type
dichotomies
¶
Rationality and irrationality
Extraversion and introversion
Sensing and intuition
Ethics and logic
Static and dynamic
Process and result
Positivist and negativist
Asking and declaring
Constructivist and emotivist
Carefree and farsighted
Yielding and obstinate
Tactical and strategic
Merry and serious
Judicious and decisive
Asking and declaring |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/constructivist_emotivist.html | Constructivist and emotivist¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Constructivist and emotivist
¶
Constructivist
/
Emotivist
is one of the 15
Reinin dichotomies <reinin_dich>
.
Constructivist and emotivist types
¶
The constructivist
IM types
are:
ILE
,
ESE
,
EIE
,
SLE
,
ILI
,
ESI
,
SLI
, and
EII
.
The emotivist
IM types
are:
SEI
,
LII
,
LSI
,
IEI
,
SEE
,
LIE
,
LSE
, and
IEE
.
Using the four-letter code: constructivists are TP or FJ, emotivists
are TJ or FP.
Typical characteristics
¶
Constructivist
¶
Tend to minimize the emotional elements of interaction, preferring to
focus on the ‘business’ elements.
Have emotional ‘anchors’ (eg, books, films, places) which they use to
support their internal emotional state.
Can become ‘emotionally hooked’, and can have a strong reaction to a
particular part or section regardless of their feelings towards the
entirety.
Have greater difficulty disassociating from others’ emotions and
experiences than from requests for action or consideration.
I prefer when people offer concrete solutions instead of comfort or
sympathy.
Emotivist
¶
Tend to concentrate foremost on the emotional background of
interaction, with ‘business’ a secondary concern.
Prefer the new and novel over the old and known.
Information perceived as unprofessional or low-quality can leave them
indifferent.
Have greater difficulty disassociating from requests for action or
consideration than from others’ emotions and experiences.
If a conversation is emotionally negative, I consider it wasted.
Extended characteristics
¶
Taken from
2003 study of Reinin traits <reinin_study>
.
Constructivists
¶
In contact with other people, constructivist types try to reduce or
completely avoid any stages of emotional contact (to “skip” it). They
do not consider overall emotional attitude as a necessary element of
interaction (in interaction, they discuss or do something together,
not always emotionally “re-adjusting”)
For the constructivist emotional “anchors” are important (connected
to a certain place, book, movie, etc.) which resonate with their
internal emotional condition. With the help of such anchors, they
hold onto or strengthen their inner emotional state. They are
inclined to re-reed a book or to visit the same place again just to
go through the emotions connected with that place.
They can get “emotionally hooked”, experience strong emotions
regardless of whether they like the overall quality of material
presented (for example, they may dislike a movie as a whole but laugh
or cry during a single scene from it).
They disassociate themselves from other’s emotions and worries with
greater difficulty than from requests to do or think over something.
Emotivists
¶
In interaction with other people, they try to get them into the
“correct” emotional state (or readjust themselves). In interaction
they are drawn into the overall emotional orientation (they
distinguish communication and relating as a separate type of
activityas “immersion into the atmosphere”). While discussing some
matter, an emotivist may “wander off” away from the subject and “go
off” on an emotional exchange.
Emotivists would rather prefer new impressions than returning to
something already lived through, an old experience (even if its
emotionally pleasant). They will re-read a book or revisit the same
place in cases they have forgotten something or in hopes of finding
something new.
Information (for example, book, movie, excursion) perceived as
presented unprofessionally, of “poor quality”, does not provoke the
emotivist emotionally but leaves them indifferent.
They distance themselves form requests of others to do or consider
something with greater difficulty than from emotions and worries of
others.
Hypotheses
Constructivists less critically receive emotions, they get “loaded” by
them. After falling into a particular emotional state, constructivists
stay in it for a prolonged period of time, therefore they try to avoid
information that is unacceptable or unpleasant for them emotionally. For
emotivists calls for action/consideration are not critically evaluated,
thus they can get “loaded” by them and switch to thinking about a
certain topic. After getting into a theme they stay in that mode of
operation for a prolonged period of time and have difficulty switching,
“disconnecting” (due to this they try to avoid unacceptable
requests/topics).
Examples
Constructivists:
“I try to reduce emotional contact. I always start
with a set of automatic responses (give slippers, pour some tea or
coffee…)” “If somebody has come for a shoulder to cry on I generally
know what to do” “It is so much easier to come into contact over some
objective matter (interaction by pertaining to the matter at hand)” “I
prefer when people offer me concrete solutions to my problemsit is
better than consolations” “If I wish to help, then of course by action.
Very rarely I call just to inquire how things are going. I track moods
in parallel” “I listen to music depending on my mood” “I will re-read
the whole book for specific paragraphs… What does it mean “poorly
written”? It stirs methat’s what’s important” “I drive over to the same
place, it’s as if I’m visiting my home” “I try not to see movies that I
know are emotionally heavy. I won’t watch them over again most
certainly” “I can worry for people for a long time, even those whom I
casually met” “The first time you watch a comedy is to laughafter that
it’s to relive these experiences”.
Emotivist:
“First of all, I attempt to create a comfortable
psychological atmosphere. I try to direct new people into the situation,
“build bridges”, help them “accommodate” so that they feel at ease” “I
strike up new contacts with words, not actions” “If emotional atmosphere
of an interaction is negative I consider the conversation “wasted”
(unsuccessful)” “Before a dialogue I as if check the emotional states of
people involved and try to positively orient them” “It’s easier to
change the emotional background” “I can talk about various things that I
don’t believe in or have no interest in simply “for the spirit” of the
conversation” “I need new experiences so I am likely to visit a new
place. If I return, then I return to a place where “the road has
changed” since I last visited” “I won’t watch a movie that was poorly
directed. Poorly written book doesn’t stir and involve me” “I’ll re-read
a book if I have forgotten the storyline” “If I’m asked to consider/do
something what I’ll most remember is the act of request itself”.
Additional Commentary and Notes
¶
See also:
Sociotypograph determine your sociotype by Renin dichotomies
.
Constructivists
Constructivists try to get into the right mindset for an activity and it
takes time for them to get from one mindset to another. When they are at
home, they are mentally prepared for anything that could happen at home
and when they are at work, they switch over to work-mentality. They can
get overwhelmed by emotions because once they get into an emotional
state, they stay in that emotional state for a long time.
Constructivists avoid emotional contact with others and they don’t think
it’s necessary to adjust to the conversation emotionally. They use
automatic polite responses and customs, like starting with “how are
you?” or offering their guests coffee or tea. Practical conversation
(talking “business”) is easier for them. They like to repeat emotional
states - rereading books, watching movies that they have already seen
and revisiting places they liked. They avoid movies, situations and
people who give them a negative mindset, because they have a difficult
time getting rid of that mindset. Constructivists use emotional anchors
(carefully chosen music, books, movies) to keep or strengthen their
internal emotional state.
Emotivists
Emotivists try to enter the emotional atmosphere of the conversation and
they try to keep the emotion in the conversation positive. They can talk
about various things they have no interest in or do not believe in
simply for the sake of maintaining a “positive spirit”. Talking business
is more difficult and the conversation topic can wander off into
emotional exchange. They try to get new experiences and new emotions,
which is why they travel to new places and rarely watch movies they have
already seen. In emotivists calls for action/requests are not critically
estimated and because of it they can get overwhelmed by them. After
getting into a theme they stay in that mode of operation for a prolonged
period of time and have difficulty switching, “disconnecting” (and
because of it try to avoid unpleasant requests).
Examples
In forum conversations when a person asks a question, emotivists reply
with conversational posts trying to find out what caused such a question
and trying to see if they can make the person feel better. They can also
include an answer to the question, but that’s secondary. Constructivists
give as good of an answer as they can to help find a solution. They
might also include a question about why the question was asked by this
particular person, but only when they are curious about it. It’s not
important for the thread (conversation) itself.
Constructivists don’t mind seeing a movie that they have already seen,
but emotivists would only do that if there might be some new information
that they missed the first time or if they have forgotten a lot about
the movie. Constructivists might prefer re-watching a movie that gave
them a good emotion to seeing something brand new that they don’t know
if they’ll like. This is because constructivists have inert ethics and
it’s difficult to get rid of the wrong emotional state, but emotivists
have contact ethics so they want to experience new emotions.
Theoretical properties of constructivist and emotivist types
¶
Constructivist/emotivist corresponds with the
inert
/
contact
dichotomy for
rational <ration_irration>
information elements <elements>
:
The constructivist types have contact
logic
and inert
ethics
.
The emotivist types have contact ethics and inert logic.
Type
dichotomies
¶
Rationality and irrationality
Extraversion and introversion
Sensing and intuition
Ethics and logic
Static and dynamic
Process and result
Positivist and negativist
Asking and declaring
Constructivist and emotivist
Carefree and farsighted
Yielding and obstinate
Tactical and strategic
Merry and serious
Judicious and decisive
Asking and declaring |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/carefree_farsighted.html | Carefree and farsighted¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Carefree and farsighted
¶
Carefree
/
Farsighted
, also called
Incidental
/
Cautious
, is one of the 15
Reinin dichotomies
.
Carefree and farsighted types
¶
Carefree types are
SEI
,
ILE
,
LSI
,
EIE
,
ESI
,
LIE
,
SLI
,
IEE
Farsighted types are
LII
,
ESE
,
IEI
,
SLE
,
ILI
,
SEE
,
EII
,
LSE
Using the
four-letter code
: carefree types are EN or IS, farsighted types are ES or IN.
Typical characteristics
¶
Carefree types
¶
Inclined to solve problems by primarily using that information which
is ‘at hand’. Accordingly, their solutions are likely to be
particular to that situation.
The search for the solution is implied in the answer.
You cannot prepare for everything.
Farsighted types
¶
Inclined to solve problems by primarily using that information which
they possess through knowledge and experience. Accordingly, their
solutions are likely to be of a general nature.
The search for the solution is explicit in the answer.
It is best to prepare in advance.
Extended characteristics
¶
Taken from
2003 study of Reinin traits <reinin_study>
.
Carefree
¶
Careless types are inclined to solve a problem and search for a
solution using only that information which is accessible to them in
that given situation (for example, under the conditions of a given
task). Therefore, careless types for each new task make a new
“algorithm” to fit the given task.
In giving their answer to the problem posed, the context of searching
for the answer and solving the problem (the preparation stage,
collection of information, past experience, and so on) is not
mentioned, but rather it is silently “implied”.
When speaking, careless types often use the word “anticipate” as a
general concept; usually they mean that it is “needed”, “it would be
good” or that “it is “impossible” to “anticipate everything”.
Farsighted
¶
When solving problems farsighted types “scoop” the information from a
wide “pool” of their experiences (when considering a question, they
are inclined to refer to the entirely of their experience and
knowledge in an attempt to find an answer). Farsighted types are
inclined to use already prepared, accumulated methods (algorithms)
for solving problems.
When answering a question posed, they cover a wide context: they
mention the preliminary stage of their search for the answer, the
circumstance surrounding this search, the information that was
available.
When speaking, farsighted type rarely use the word “anticipate” as a
general concept, but when they describe some actions or plans they
demonstrate this concept through concrete examples (they give
examples of how something could be anticipated).
Examples:
On a topic: how will you prepare for a vacation and how will you spend
it.
Carefree:
“I try to make do with the minimum amount of “stuff” so I
won’t have a lot of baggage. You cannot prepare for everything” “I will
for sure forget something. I’ll pack some clothing, an umbrella, books,
maps, a camera, medicine. I will for sure bring books; entertainment
will be found as I go along, a lot of things I’ll find out there” “I
bring along a minimum of what I need in order to have a good time.
Personal hygiene items, medicines, some clothing which is necessary.
Common entertainment can’t be foreseen” “Things in bare minimum. I’ll
buy adequate footwear, a new bathing suit, plan some trips and
excursions” “One tries to anticipate every situation that could happen.
But I cannot prepare for everything that might be needed there”
“Clothing and medicine and other stuff that is necessary to cover “weak
spots”. With leisure and entertainment I’ll see on the spot… Certain
things are assumed by default”.
Farsighted:
“Two things I’ll bring for sure: a bathing suit and a
camera. You can’t always be certain what things will be there, so it’s
better to prepare in advanceor it will be like my first trip to Italy
when I brought along a hair dryer and an iron when the hotel there
could’ve provide me with each… Nonetheless I’ll need batteries and
film for the camera, which can be prepared beforehand” “A trip is a
trip, not the first time for me. The familiar activity, I know what I
need to bring. It is needed to learn at least a little bit of the local
language. A lot of time will go into trying to obtain information”
“Before departure I always pay my bills so that when I come back there
will be no “nasty” surprises awaiting me… I first find out what the
weather there will be like. It is better to buy all the necessities
beforehand, because going shopping on a trip is an unproductive
expenditure of time that should go into leisure activities” “It is
necessary to get a passport with a visa and insurance. To decide what to
do with the cat” “The tour agency is responsible for many things, should
provide me with information. If not, I will look for additional cultural
information… I’ve worked out a habit, a set of items that I should
bring along” “If it’s a coat, then it must be sown by a tailor” “Why?”
“Well I presume…” (pause).” : “These buttons are same as on the remote
control that I have at home, it won’t change the channel” : “Let me take
a look at it” : “Why attempt this in vain?”
Theoretical properties of carefree and farsighted types
¶
Carefree/farsighted corresponds with the
evaluatory
/
situational
dichotomy for
irrational
information elements
.
The carefree types have evaluatory
and
situational
.
The farsighted types have evaluatory
and situational
.
Type
dichotomies
¶
Rationality and irrationality
Extraversion and introversion
Sensing and intuition
Ethics and logic
Static and dynamic
Process and result
Positivist and negativist
Asking and declaring
Constructivist and emotivist
Carefree and farsighted
Yielding and obstinate
Tactical and strategic
Merry and serious
Judicious and decisive
Asking and declaring |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/merry_serious.html | Merry and serious¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Merry and serious
¶
Merry
/
Serious
, also known as
Subjectivist
/
Objectivist
or
Ascending
/
Descending
, is one of the 15
Reinin dichotomies
.
Merry and serious types
¶
Merry types are all
Alpha
and
Beta
types,
namely,
LII
,
ESE
,
SEI
,
ILE
,
LSI
,
EIE
,
IEI
,
SLE
.
Serious types are all
Gamma
and
Delta
types,
namely,
ESI
,
LIE
,
ILI
,
SEE
,
EII
,
LSE
,
SLI
,
IEE
.
Typical characteristics
¶
Merry
¶
Good at noticing emotional background and perceive the emotional
aspect (particularly ‘fun’) separate from the activity.
‘Getting to know someone’ happens naturally, and they are well aware
of the purpose(s) for which they are meeting. The proper emotional
distance is easily established, adapted/regulated, and manipulated,
and they easily decrease distance through their emotional
‘brilliance’. A person’s name (and other formalities) are peripheral
to their relation with and interest in them, and thus they don’t care
much about formal introductions..
Not inclined to deduce ‘objective truths’ from their own and others’
experiences everything is relative. This relativity is perceived as
an extenuation of the differing beliefs, opinions, intentions, etc.
of each person. Accordingly, another person’s actions are judged as
correct or incorrect according to a set of subjective criteria. They
attempt to compare others’ views to their own, and to explain their
own views in order to make sure that all parties understand the
concepts being spoken of.
They are inclined to propose (or impose) another conception of the
situation (‘look at it this way’). If they think something is done
incorrectly, they will ask WHY it was done that way. When talking
about optimums, they are inclined to do it subjectively (‘optimum
compared to what?’).
Fun is involvement, active participation; a state of constant
excitement that one cannot confuse with leisure or rest. I have my
own ideas about how things should be done a ‘mind of my own’ but
so does everyone else.
Serious
¶
Bad at noticing emotional background and do not separate the
emotional aspect (particularly ‘fun’) from the activity.
Acquaintance with others is established by ritual (e.g.,
introduction), and they prefer if the context of interaction is
externally set (eg, by a mediator (think ‘arranged marriages’) or
situation) so that they can skip the first phases and begin closer
interaction. They approach others through stages defined by ‘rules’
and ‘rituals’, which may be created by themselves and/or already
existing; thus, they are very aware of the stages of the process of
acquaintance e.g., when a person is no longer a stranger. The
title, name, and any other information about the other person are
considered important, and for this reason formal introduction is
important.
Inclined to believe there are ‘objective truths’ the truth is not
always relative. Therefore, they believe that there are two types of
actions/perspectives: those which are subjective (connected with
personal preferences and motivations) and those which are objective
(only one ‘correct’ or ‘best’ way of doing something). Whether
something is correct or not is judged by comparing it with what they
see as ‘objectively correct’. In disagreement, they first attempt to
make sure that the other person understands the concepts and terms
‘correctly’.
They are inclined to offer (or impose) what they see as the ‘best’ or
‘correct’ way of doing something (‘it should be done like this’). If
they think something is done incorrectly, they ask WHO did it that
way. When speaking of optimums, they are inclined to do so
objectively (the ‘absolute’ optimum).
It is difficult for me to differentiate between activity/work and
fun; work is necessarily fun without an element of entertainment,
it would be impossible If something is being done the wrong way?
Oy! IMO, there is only one proper way to ‘hammer a nail’
Extended characteristics
¶
Taken from
2003 study of Reinin traits
.
Subjectivists
¶
Subjectivists are good at noticing the general emotional background
that accompanies contact with people (For example: enthusiasm, fun,
stress and so on). Fun (as, probably, every other emotional
experience) for them is allocated into a separate aspects of activity
(to a question “what were you doing” they can answer “we were having
fun”they perceive emotional engagement as a separate type of
activity)
Subjectivist types do not perceive “getting to know somebody” as a
special kind of activity, in contrast to Serious types, for whom it
is a kind of a ritual. They know very well why they are getting
acquainted (the purpose of this acquaintance is interest, business,
travel, and so on). In contrast to the Objectivist types, they do not
divide the process of getting acquainted into consecutive stages.
They immediately establish the necessary emotional distance in
contact and can regulate it as needed. To bridge the gap between
poorly acquainted people in a group they amp up the emotional
tonethis can be mutually experienced happiness or misfortune. The
“name” of the person is of secondary relevance for them. Interest
towards the person and relations is primary here, thus Merry types do
not consider formality as a necessary part of becoming acquainted
with someone.
The Subjectivist, in contrast to the Objectivist, is not inclined to
derive “objectively accurate” rules and regularities, generalizing
for this purpose his own experiences and experiences of others.
Instead, the Subjectivist assumes that other people have different
criteria and their own views on any situation, therefore he
determines whether his or someone else’s actions were correct or
incorrect by comparing them with his “subjective” viewhe evaluates
them in accordance to his personal concepts, “his system”, his
intentions, and so on. Subjectivist are inclined to propose (or
impose) not the “correct way” or another way to do things, but an
entire conceptual framework on the subject i.e. they do not say “Do
this differently” but rather “Look at it in another way”. They do not
think, in contrast to Objectivists, that in every situation there
exists only one “objectively correct/true” way of doing somethingin
their opinion, there are many different ways of looking at and
approaching a given situation. When they feel something was done
incorrectly, they will likely ask: “What are you doing?” (In contrast
to Objectivists who are likely to ask “Who does it this way?”). When
they speak of optimality, they mean optimality within the framework
of their idea or concept, within the framework of their subjective
approach (from which point of view is it most optimal and in
comparison to what). Therefore they strive to contrast other people’s
views to their own and to explain their position (to verify
concepts): “If this is what is meant, we do this, if something else
is meant, we do it differently.”
“Comparison and verification of concepts” is a common phenomenon
among Subjectivists. It concerns not only their methods, but also
their understanding, terminology, and so on. Subjectivists are
attuned to the fact that different people might understand and
interpret different concepts and terms differently. They perceive
terminology as well as actions of other people as a part of the
subjective concept inseparable from personal opinion, position,
intent, etc.: “So we have agreed that we shall call it this way”. In
contrast to Objectivists who perceive terminology as “objective”,
Subjectivists understand personal differences behind terminilogy
(this applies even to well established terms) and they attempt to
compare and verify them (“Well you say this, but I think it’s not so,
but so-and-so”).
Lexicon: when discussing actions and joint activities they use
expressions such as “From my point of view”, “According to my
understanding”, “To my knowledge”, “personal criteria”, “it
corresponds to my understanding” “I have concluded” “he insisted” and
so on. They describe verbal communication in detailhow their
intervention in the situation is transpiring or why it’s not
happening.
Objectivists
¶
Serious types poorly recognize common emotional background; they do
not perceive emotionally infused conceptions (for example “fun”) as
separate and substitute them with interpretations that have no direct
emotional elements. (Instead of the word “fun” they may use
“entertainment”, “leisure”, “pleasure”, and so on). They do not
perceive emotional exchange as a separate occurrence and are inclined
to mix it with other mutual matters (They can have fun while working,
or engage in serious affairs while having fun.)
For Serious types, becoming acquainted with a new person constitutes
a special ritual necessary for bridging the distance (If this ritual
did not take place, then Serious types do not consider themselves to
be acquainted, for example: “We did not introduce ourselves”). In
such situations, for the Serious types it is easier if the degree of
emotional distance was externally predetermined i.e. if it was set by
some sort of “mediator”, whether this be a person or circumstances of
a given situationthis allows them to skip the first stages of
becoming acquainted and move on to a closer dialogue and contact. For
bridging the distance between strangers, Serious types create certain
rules or rituals (or they use already existing ones) for the
step-by-step association. They know the process of becoming
acquainted very well (how a stranger becomes a familiar). For
association, Serious type needs to know the name, title, any other
information that describes the new persontherefore formal
introduction for them is a very important stage of getting acquainted
with someone.
Objectivists have a notion of what constitutes “objectively known”
facts, rules, laws, regularities held in general (common) experience;
in their perception there exist rules and guidelines that are “true
in general” and “always correct”. They suppose that other people can
have their own views and positions, but do not consider that any
action can be viewed as correct/incorrect only from a certain point
of view (they allow for the existence of “objectively correct”
actions). Therefore, from the point of view of an Objectivist,
actions can be differentsubjective, determined by personal
preferences and motives, and objective, where there is only one
“correct”, “most effective” way to do something. Objectivists define
actions as correct or incorrect contrasting them to their
representation of what is “objectively correct”. When they think that
there is only one optimal solution, they are inclined to propose (or
impose) ways to accomplish an activity (not their views or concepts
like Subjectivists) which they think are the best: “No, do it the
right way”. When speaking of optimality, they speak of optimality in
general”objective optimality” (they consider that they know the
“correct”, “generally optimal” ways of doing something). In joint
activities they offer the “most effective” way of doing something. In
disagreement they do not compare and verify concepts, but instead
check whether the other person knows the “correct”, “generally
accepted”, “established” concepts and terms.
In contrast to Subjectivists, Objectivists are not inclined to
compare and verify concepts. They assume that these can have only one
unique interpretation (“correct”, “accurate” one)often they do not
think about the fact that the other person may be interpreting them
differently, within a different conceptual framework. They operate
with concepts such as “objective reality”, “unequivocal facts”, and
do not attempt to verify concepts: “This is called with this term”.
They consider that they know the “right” way of doing things, how
something “really is” (they acknowledge only a certain picture of the
world, one that is “objectively true”): “You say it’s like this,
while in reality is like that”.
In description of actions or in discussion of joint activities
instead of “explanatory” lexicon they give a lot of examples (all
“correct” and “incorrect” modes of actions are depicted in these
examples).
Notes
In this research, the hypothesis about the quadra related nature of
entertainment has been show to be untrue. Also proven to be untrue was
the widespread conviction that people of Serious types will not publicly
display and behave in a “childish” manner. Probably in the majority of
such cases (for example when adult people roll themselves down a snow
hill), the situation serves as an intermediary and relaxes the existing
interpersonal boundaries.
Hypotheses
Dichotomy Ethics-Logic strengthens one of the attributes of this trait:
Ethics strengthens Subjectivism, while LogicObjectivism.
Examples
Merry/Subjectivists:
“Fun is a lot of emotion… company of friends,
where we can exchange news, possibly go have something to eat, sing a
song” “Fun is getting involved, when you actively participate. When you
watch or read something, this is educational, but fun is an active state
of constant excitement, something one cannot confuse with leisure
(restful state)… perhaps fun for me is an animated dialogue that (as
opposed to a fight, quarrel, etc.) is pleasant” “Reading books, opera -
this is not fun… fun is heightened vitality” “Fun is a state of
liberation when everyone is not being very serious” “Fun is pleasure,
recklessness, everyone participates, some boundaries may get crossed”
“If I’m in a company of new people and nobody introduces me, for me it
is not a problem to introduce myself” “The majority of people with whom
I chat, I may not know their full name” “The process of coming into
contact can consist of any steps, becoming acquainted is not necessary”
“For me, in company, the names of others are not important” “I
remembered what his name was only after a week, even though we had
already passionately kissed (about meeting her future husband)” “When I
see that someone doing something wrong, I first have to check if that is
any of my business. If it concerns me, then my first reaction is to step
back and let him have enough… I have my own criteria for how things
should be. Other people may have their own criteria” “First, put down
the axe, then explain why you are doing that” “I assumed that I have
said all that was relevant to the given theme/topic”
Serious/Objectivists:
“It is difficult for me to distinguish work
activities apart from fun. Fun is difficult to define …” “I approach
everything seriously, even rest” “It is always possible to find
something entertaining/zany in the serious, and vice versa” “Studying
should be fun. Work without an entertaining element is impossible” “What
constitutes “fun” to me is not clear, what is leisure - that is clear,
what is entertainment - that is also clear” “It is important that I get
introduced when I’m in company of people I never met before, or better
yet, that they have been told a little about myself” “I engage another
person on conditions that he/she has proposed, I do not engage the
person if I do not know whether the contact will be “pleasant” for
him/her” “I do not like it when other people “thrust” themselves upon me
or when it is done to others, for example, if suddenly my aunt whom I’m
seeing for the first time starts calling me “honey” or use some other
endearing expression” “The name is important. If a person does not state
their name, it often means that they do not want to have a conversation”
“If it is done the wrong way? Oy! It is easier for me to grab it and do
it myself than to waste my time explaining. In my opinion there is only
one way to “hammer a nail”” “There are things with which it is clear
that some methods are futile/fruitless and that there are more effective
ways of doing it. It’s very irritating when a person consistently fails
to see this and keeps choosing inappropriate methods” “When I see
something performed ineffectively it makes my stomach churn” “It is
painful for me to see something that contradicts common sense and I can
do nothing about it. If I can interfere with the situation, I will do so
regardless of whether or not it concerns me” “The methods habitual to
the person within the framework of his/her experience are not the same
thing as objective method of doing things (this is evident by the
results)”.
Theoretical properties of merry and serious types
¶
Merry/serious corresponds with the
valued
/
subdued
dichotomy for
rational
information elements
:
Merry types (Alphas and Betas) have valued
and subdued
.
Serious types (Gammas and Deltas) have valued
and subdued
.
Type
dichotomies
¶
Rationality and irrationality
Extraversion and introversion
Sensing and intuition
Ethics and logic
Static and dynamic
Process and result
Positivist and negativist
Asking and declaring
Constructivist and emotivist
Carefree and farsighted
Yielding and obstinate
Tactical and strategic
Merry and serious
Judicious and decisive
Asking and declaring |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/judicious_decisive.html | Judicious and decisive¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Judicious and decisive
¶
Judicious
/
Decisive
, also known as
Reasonable
/
Resolute
or
Peripheral
/
Central
, is one of the 15
Reinin dichotomies
.
Judicious and decisive types
¶
Judicious types are all
Alpha
and
Delta
types, namely,
LII
,
ESE
,
SEI
,
ILE
,
EII
,
LSE
,
SLI
,
IEE
.
Decisive types are all
Beta
and
Gamma
types,
namely,
LSI
,
EIE
,
IEI
,
SLE
,
ESI
,
LIE
,
ILI
,
SEE
.
Typical characteristics
¶
Judicious
¶
Natural state is relaxation.
Work best when they can relax beforehand, and are mobilized only for
the duration necessary.
Have an easy time going from ‘mobilized’ to ‘relaxed’, but not from
‘relaxed’ to ‘mobilized’. Thus, they may need external stimuli to
become mobilized.
Tend to divide up matters into smaller stages during which they are
mobilized, relaxing between each stage.
Become aware of their own mobilization as soon as it manifests
i.e., as soon as they start considering an action. However, they are
often poorly aware of the periods of maximal mobilization i.e., the
time of action.
Focuses and places the most importance on the preparatory stage the
‘action’ stages are considered implicit and given less attention.
Consider their working conditions (e.g., comfort, freedom, and
convenience) more important than the possible results and rewards
(e.g., how much they are paid).
This attitude is strengthened by introversion.
More aware of when they are mobilized than when they are relaxed.
Consideration is very nice, that time during which you still don’t
have to make a decision. It’s even better when it isn’t necessary to
do anything afterwards.
Decisive
¶
Natural state is readiness.
Work best if they are able to tart mobilizing in preparation for what
they must do.
Easily go from ‘relaxed’ to ‘mobilized’, but not from ‘mobilized’ to
‘relaxed’. Thus, they may need external stimuli (like a movie) to
relax.
Tend to perform an entire task at once, and to maintain their
internal ‘readiness’ between tasks.
Become of aware of their own mobilization at its maximals i.e.,
when it is time for action. However, they are often poorly aware of
when the mobilization firsts manifests i.e., when they first start
considering an action.
Focuses and places the most importance on taking action preparation
is considered implicit and given less attention.
Consider the possible results and rewards of their work (e.g., how
much they are paid) more important than the working conditions (e.g.,
comfort, freedom, and convenience).
This attitude is strengthened by extroversion.
More aware of when they are relaxed than when they are mobilized.
“I will not get stuck in the process of consideration it always
ends in a decision being made.”
Extended characteristics
¶
Taken from
2003 study of Reinin traits
.
Judicious
¶
Judicious types are relaxed in their natural state; they mobilize and
concentrate only when needing to accomplish some objective. After the
task has been completed, they demobilize again. This state of
demobilization is the natural state of the Judicious types.
For Judicious types, it is mandatory that before they engage in some
important task, they spend some time in this natural state of
“slackness” (relax and distract themselves)the better they rest, the
better they will subsequently mobilize and concentrate at the crucial
moments, and the better their overall performance will be. The more
difficult the task ahead of themthe more crucial and necessary prior
rest becomes.
A transition from a state of mobilization (high activity) to a state
of slackness (low activity) for Judicious types does not present a
problem. However, they can experience difficulties while trying to
“mobilize” themselves (it is difficult for them to leave their
natural state). Because of this, they often require some kind of
stimulus to get mobilized (they are inclined to put themselves in
situations where external factors either force them to act or someone
else acts for them)
Judicious types tend to divide large tasks into several stages. Then
they mobilize to carry out each stage, and in between revert back to
their natural relaxed state (small matters they can do in a single
push).
They become aware of their state of readiness when they have just
begun considering taking action i.e. at the most minimal level or
mobilization. They are poorly aware of moment they undertook some
decision, often do not remember it.
Judicious types are better aware of the preparatory stage and
consider it more valuable (this is the stage of discussion,
presenting options, choosing between them, and so on). They invest
more time and effort into this stage. Stages when oneself comes to a
decision and executes it are as if impliedthey are considered less
important and given less attention.
In regards to work, Judicious types appreciate a certain level of
convenience, freedom, and comfort. Actual place of work (the
environment in which they work) they are inclined to evaluate from
the point of view of its conditions. Judicious types are not inclined
to renounce their conveniencesthey are not ready to sacrifice their
working conditions for the sake of the results (for instance a
monetary reward) “Well I simply can’t do without my peace!”
Speech peculiarities: Judicious types describe how and why they came
to a certain decision, but do not highlight the moment when they
undertook it; in conversations about work they speak of working
conditions (convenience, breaks, proximity to their place of
residence, and so on)
Decisive
¶
Decisive types will often mobilize before it is really necessary, as
if they are subconsciously preparing for accomplishing upcoming
tasks; after accomplishing a task Decisive types remain in a state of
mobilization for some time afterwards. A state of readiness is their
natural state.
It is necessary for Decisive types to stay in their natural sate of
mobilization up until the end of an important taskthe more effective
the mobilization, the more fulfilling their rest will be (“If you
don’t go to workyou cannot rest”)
After completing the necessary task, Decisive types have trouble
leaving their state of mobilization (frequently this is expressed by
aimless, thoughtless activity). Therefore, Decisive types often
require subsequent additional, external stimuli (for instance, they
may plan a diversion: “After the test, I will certainly go see a
movie”) or turn to other people to help them relax and forget about
their actual work.
Decisive types are not inclined to divide upcoming large tasks into
separate stages. They will instead stay mobilized for the entire
duration of the task so that the task could be accomplished as a
whole. While the task is still unfinished, they maintain a state of
internal readiness.
Decisive types become aware of their own state of mobilization at the
moment they make a decision i.e. when the mobilization reaches a
sufficiently high level. They are aware of the moment of they
undertake a decision and remember it (“I have decided that…”).
Decisive types better recognize the stage of their involvement,
starting from the moment that they made a decision. They invest more
time and effort into carrying out the task, since they consider the
actual work to be the most important part. They appreciate far less
and are far less aware of the preparation and planning stages than
the subsequent decisions and their implementation.
Decisive types are inclined to work for the sake of the result (for
example, a reward or bonus). In contrast to the Judicious types, they
can renounce their comforts and conveniences for this. They evaluate
their place of work by looking at what returns they get for the
effort they invested (including monetary rewards).
Speech features: Decisive types underscore the moments of making a
decision and in detail speak of stages of its implementation; in
conversation about work they speak about its “fruits”, decisions and
results; in speech the word “money” is often heard.
Notes
The radical difference between Judicious and Decisive types is in the
development of the cycle “mobilizationactivityrelaxation” while
performing any difficult, critical task. The concept of “natural state”
does not refer to the whole process of existence of an individualit
refers only to a certain point in that cycle. The natural state of
Judicious types is relaxation, slackness; the natural state of Decisive
types is readiness, mobilization. Both types can distinguish between
these states through contrast and clearly differentiate between them.
They consciously leave their natural “base” state and “by force” bring
themselves into the required stateJudicious types become aware of their
state of mobilization, while Decisive types become aware of their state
of rest.
Hypotheses
For the Decisive sensing types, mobilization has something to do with
sensingit is something physiological, a corporal condition
(mobilization for them is perceived as bodily tension). Decisive
intuitive types experience (and accordingly describe) a condition of
mobilization that likened to internal readiness or inspiration. In a
similar fashion, relaxation for Judicious sensing types is a physical
sensation/conditionan absence of pressure and stress on the body.
Judicious intuitive types primarily feel this certain rhythm, of
alternation of opposite states. In other words, relaxation or
slackness can be perceived as divergence of attention, while
mobilization as focus, as convergence of attention.
Decisive types view decisions they undertook as their own, and
circumstances as surrounding factors in making their choice.
Judicious frequently view their decisions as something they were
compelled or forced to undertake by the circumstances.
Judicious types better than Decisive can distribute their energy and
estimate their reserves and expenditures, while Decisive types can
maintain a high level of “charge” for prolonged periods of time.
Decisive types prefer following a “campaign” method in workwhen it’s
required (for example, for a large reward) work intensively for days
and weeks, but then have time for rest and leisure. For the Judicious
types “campaign” method of work is unnatural, they prefer to carry
out work in “small portions”.
Extrovert-introvert orientation strengthens the manifestation of this
dichotomy: extroversion strengthens Decisiveness and introversion
strengthens Judiciousness.
Examples
Judicious:
“I don’t study the day before a big exam. I go to take a
walk, read a little, etc.” “I don’t purposefully relax, but neither do I
stay up until 6 o’clock” “Everything is designed in such a manner that
after 10pm all is finished. I spend my evening as usual and why
interfere with that?” “If I’m very tiredI just rest however much is
necessary” “You should not work long on one problem, postpone it for
another time” “Dealing with the moment of making a decision is
complicated. It is not kept track of. The stage of preparation and the
act of deciding occurs automatically, what happens afterwards is not
related to it. Deciding is in itself an actionone can always return to
it” “Thinking things overthis is the real work, after which the act of
making the decision itself is not given attention. If it is necessary to
do something else… I can feel in the back of my mind the circumstances
that will force me to do it. I put myself into such situations” “There
is a primary selection: is this necessary or not necessary, and from
there things develop. The decision is somehow made, but in unconscious
manner, and even if it is accepted, that does not mean that I will get
around to it.” “Consideration is very niceyou still don’t need to
decide. It’s even better if you don’t have to anything afterwards.”
“Before deciding on something, discussions are plentiful, but which
decisions are undertaken I cannot keep a track of.” “I modeled it in
several versionsit is as if virtually I have already done it” “When
some task is assigned, I carefully consider it for a long time. There
isn’t a conclusive moment for me when I finally decide to do something”
“The main thing in work is freedom of organization, freedom of choice”
“The opportunity to recharge is very important, I don’t want to burn
out” “I need a comfortable workplace which would be solely mine.”
Decisive:
“First, lets make a push and do itthen we shall rest” “I
feel terribly frustrated when someone tries to distract or engage me
before an exam. Why? It messes with my concentration, to put it another
way, it messes with my “inspiration”” “Sometimes I get so tired that I
can’t even sleep from the exhaustion.” “I was writing my diploma for
there days straight, then I came home and just collapsed.” “Making a
decision constitutes a separate moment, any doubts and fluctuations take
place before that.” “I always keep track of what decision I make. Every
time I make a decision it’s like a burden of responsibilities falls on
my shoulders.” “I will not get stuck on the process of discussion and
consideration… it will be concluded with a decision.” “If I decided
watch a movie, then I will watch it” “Naturally, I remember when I made
that choice” “When a person speaks of something, I perceive it as a
signal to action even if it was just a suggestion… The decision to act
is just an intermediate stage. If a decision is made, it does not mean
that something has been done” “I don’t understandhave we decided on
something or not?” “Work should be interesting, but paymentthat is of
course considered.” “I work for the money, I don’t consider leisure a
part of it. I work as much as they pay me.”
Theoretical properties of judicious and decisive types
¶
Judicious/decisive corresponds with the
valued
/
subdued
dichotomy for
irrational
information elements
:
Judicious types (Alphas and Deltas) have valued
and subdued
.
Decisive types (Betas and Gammas) have valued
and subdued
.
Type
dichotomies
¶
Rationality and irrationality
Extraversion and introversion
Sensing and intuition
Ethics and logic
Static and dynamic
Process and result
Positivist and negativist
Asking and declaring
Constructivist and emotivist
Carefree and farsighted
Yielding and obstinate
Tactical and strategic
Merry and serious
Judicious and decisive
Asking and declaring |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/positivist_negativist.html | Positivist and negativist¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Positivist and negativist
¶
Positivist
/
Negativist
is one of the 15
Reinin dichotomies
.
Positivist and negativist types
¶
Positivists are: ILE, ESE, LSI, IEI, SEE, LIE, EII and SLI.
Negativists are: SEI, LII, EIE, SLE, ILI, ESI, LSE and IEE.
Using
four-letter code
: Positivists are ENTx,
ESFx, ISTx, INFx; Negativists are ISFx, INTx, ENFx, ESTx.
Typical characteristics
¶
Positivists
¶
Inclination to optimize, polish, and improve already existing things,
systems, or processes.
Socially and intellectually more trusting and interested at first.
Becomes more critical and disinterested later.
Initially more complimenting than reprimanding.
Greater use of positive assertive statements, even in cases of
criticism.
Explains what things are (irrationals) or should be (rationals).
“This glass is half-full”, “We have already collected $438,000 for
that project”
Negativists
¶
Inclination to detect and resolve problems within things, systems, or
processes.
Socially and intellectually more mistrusting and disinterested at
first. Becomes more trusting and interested later.
Initially more reprimanding than complimenting.
Greater use of negating “not” statements.
Explains what things are not (irrationals) or should not be
(rationals).
“This glass is half-empty”, “We need $62,000 for that project”
Extended characteristics
¶
Description from
2003 Study of Reinin traits
¶
Positivists
¶
Positivists initially pay attention to what is present in a situation
(what exists, what is there) what can realistically occur, what can
be interpreted as an affirmative manifestation of surrounding world,
situations, possibilities, prospects.
Positivists are oriented at what any situation or contact with people
can potentially bring to them rather than what they could potentially
lose (for example, moving is viewed as an opportunity to gain new
acquaintances, friends, rather than primarily from point of view of
losing existing friends). For them an orientation to success is more
characteristic rather than avoidance of failure.
Positivists are better at assimilating affirmative experiences. They
are inclined to “convert” negative experiences into positive ones
(they try to find the “silver lining”).
They speak more of the positive and try to present negative moments
on a positive background (“Yes, this is a problem, but…”then
continue to paint a positive picture). Conversations about the
negative (when the other person accentuates deficiencies, absence,
impossibility) may be irritating to Positivists.
In speech of Positivists, one can detect mostly affirmative
constructions and intonations. If they are giving instructions to
someone else, they present them in positive manner: they talk about
what can be done or what should be done in different situations (for
example, “You can call him only at this-and-this time”) rather than
what cannot or should not be done.
Negativists
¶
Negativists pay attention to aspects of the situation that are
insufficient or lacking, which can be interpreted as seeing the
negative prospects of various situations and events.
Negativists orient at what they could potentially lose as a result of
a certain situation or contact with other people, rather than what
this situation or contact can bring to them (for example, moving for
negativists primarily means losing friends). Negativists focus on
avoiding failures (the “positive” development of a situation is the
fact that nothing negative has happened so far).
Negativists are better at assimilating negating, negative
experiences. They are inclined to outline negative sides of affairs.
Negativists are more inclined to speak about negative moments.
Positive aspects are presented on a negative background (“Well, this
is good, but…”then mentions what is lacking, what is not right).
Negativists are irritated by “excessively positive” attitudes (when
another person “forgets” to bring up or haven’t even considered the
negative aspects of something).
In speech of negativists there is frequent use of negating
expressions (negative pronouns, adverbs, “not” “cannot” “nobody”
“never”). For example: “Negative experiences are not always
necessary, I don’t need them” “There won’t be an occasion to do
anything” “I cannot say that this is not true” etc. If giving
instructions they first of all talk about the things to avoid, what
should not be done (For example “If you call them at such a time it
will be pointless”).
Notes
Previous research on this dichotomy was reduced to measuring
positive/negative in the “everyday” sense of the word. In our opinion,
these attitudes are a consequence of a deeper mechanism: one group
perceives and describes something by denoting associated properties
(Positivists) while the other group denotes properties that are not
associated with it. Positivists describe a subject, individual,
phenomenon, attempting to describe it through characteristics inherent
in the object, while Negativists focus on properties that do not pertain
to the object. The cursory impression of optimism/pessimism being the
distinguishing feature of this dichotomy occurs because of this. In
reality, both Positivists and Negativists possess these two attitudes
and talk equally of “good” and “bad” things. The difference is in the
form of presentationfor example, on the same topic of shortcomings: “I
cannot say that you have no shortcomings” (negativism) and “You have
several shortcomings” (positivism).
Hypotheses
The difference in assimilating experiences between Positivists and
Negativists arises because Positivists better remember events when they
did transpire, rather than events that did not occur, while Negativists
are better at remembering events that did not occur, that were absent or
lacking (for the Negativist, this absence constitutes an event in
itself, they remember this better and draw conclusions).
Examples
Positivists:
“At first I trust people, distrust needs to be
substantiated” “I always believe in a positive outcome. I will most
likely talk about positives. I don’t issue warnings of possible
failureswhy bring people down, may be everything will be ok” “It
irritates me when people talk only of character flaws and inadequacies
in others” “I try not to give instructions on avoidance or failure”
“When giving instructions I avoid giving orders like “Don’t do it! Don’t
go!” “Even negative experience can be positive” “I start off by trusting
people and then work from there.”
Negativists:
“My first reaction to everything is “no!” whatever it
might be” “I don’t speak of the positives” “One must take into account
all the negative aspects. It goes without saying that people are capable
of anything” “If the mood is too good - something is not right” “In my
instructions I always give people “negative” orientation points. I
foresee all the negative moments and try to make provisions for them”
“People in general are good, but it’s better to keep your distance from
them” “When I was authoring a textbook, I constructed my proofs “by
method of contradiction”” “Most often I bring bad news” “When asked
“How’s it going?” I answer “Not well.” “How am I going to entertain
myself? Certainly I wouldn’t go to a restaurant, neither a casino …
but somewhere out to nature…” “There will be a building there, but
that’s not what you’re looking for. After that you will see a street,
but don’t take it, continue on your path. Go around the building and
don’t use the first two entrances.”
Description from
Forms of Cognition
by V. Gulenko
¶
Positivism I understand as the tendency to maximize the positive,
Negativism as the tendency to minimize the negative. Positivists
primarily perceive the positive side of any phenomenon, and often turn a
blind eye to the negative. Negativists won’t overlook problems, and
simultaneously mitigate any positive aspects to their situation of
interest.
Intellectual Level
¶
At this level, the PositivismNegativism dichotomy manifests as
identification of similarities or differences in object comparison. In
Negativists thought processes prevails contrast, in Positivists leads
comparison. Meaning that Positivists more easily hold overall views of
an object, without considering its internal divisions. Conversely,
Negativists more easily distinguish its extreme points of separation and
opposing contrasts.
Directly relevant to this is a dichotomy known in cognitive psychology
as convergent/divergent thinking [5], discovered by J. P. Guilford. In
his opinion, divergent thinking, from simple initial data, yields
several different solutions to the same problem; a trait characteristic
to the alternative-thinking of Negativists.
Opposite this, convergent thinking searches for a single valid
encompassing solution; a trait more characteristic to Positivist
thinking. For them, a problem is unsolved until the validity of one
solution is proven against other alternatives.
Social Level
¶
PositivismNegativism affects the degree of internal group coherence and
regulates attraction/repulsion between its members.
An individual’s ability to assimilate into a group is typologically
predictable. Negativists are remote types. They need constant assurance,
even in a group they consider their own. Therefore it is more difficult
to fully integrate Negativists into a group. Positivists on the other
hand, are inclined to close range communication. They do not polarize
contrasts, but smooth them over in one way or another. Thus Positivists
facilitate monocentric group structure and unity of purpose. Whereas
Negativists amplify polarizing forces conducive to polycentric group
structure.
Consider the example of
SEI
, a fairly good-natured type, although
Negativist. Is there a behavioral tendency towards remoteness? Yes, it
contrasts its subgroup with other subgroups. Thereby disrupting,
unintentionally or not, unity of purpose in the whole group overall.
What process balances internal group cohesion? It is observed that
Positivists are drawn towards their opposite, which contributes to
overall group solidarity, particularly through the ease of intragroup
role distribution. Negativists on the other hand, have an inherent
paradoxical attraction to those similar to themselves. The nearer such
parallel charged elements converge, however, it becomes increasingly
difficult to implement mutual action. Repulsive forces rapidly emerge
and fracture group integration.
The overall incidence of monolithic or polarized group behavior is a
reliable index for gauging PositivistNegativist tendencies. Negativism
generates tension in intragroup relations, leading on one hand to an
increase in psychological distance between members, but on the other
hand activating its internal momentum to say “Move!”. Positivism by
contrast contracts psychological distance and encourages internal group
cohesion, but can also bring complacency, carelessness, and ‘vapidity’
of existence.
Psychological Level
¶
In a psychological sense, this dichotomy can be approximately
interpreted as trust/distrust.
Each type of person behaves in life according to how they answer the
following existential question: is human nature inherently good or evil?
For Positivists, human nature is inherently good, so they are more
likely to be trusting. This does not mean that they consciously consider
themselves to be good, just that they conduct themselves as if others
were. Negativists even under favorable conditions are inclined to expect
the worst. Their degree of trust in others is therefore is much lower.
The relation between Positivists and Negativists is illustrated well by
the analogy of electric conductors. Electric-people (Negativists who
have accumulated a negative psychological charge) discharge into
conductor-people (Positivists), who tend to provoke them in just the
right way to do so. All of which happens mostly automatically and
unconsciously. The resulting emotional flash establishing temporary
balance of psychological (electro-)potentials. This beneficial surge of
emotional release, Aristotle in his “Poetics” called
‘catharsis’psychological purging via intense experience.
Physical Level
¶
The spatial arrangement of conversation parties in front or near is a
key factor in communication, its importance first stressed by Harry S.
Sullivan. Negativists gain leverage in communication from positions
opposite the partner, Positivists from positions alongside or at an
angle deflecting a straight-on gaze.
Automatic reductions in confrontation due to being seated side by side,
are a common method used by marital psychologists working with couples.
Sitting side by side and addressing an imaginary third party, enables
couples to gradually decrease the severity of sore conflict.
Clinical psychologists studying nonverbal cues classify gestures
indicative of critical attitudes. Such gestures are typically
‘closed’for instance, a hand at the mouth. From a Socionics standpoint
then, closed demeanor is better explained by Negativism, not
Introversion.
Negativism induces tangible bodily tension. Negativists are inclined to
accumulate ‘charge’, making highly-charged Negativists easily
overexcitable (especially if also Dynamic). In order to compensate
against this, Negativists are recommended to engage in physical exercise
that relaxes and smooths internal tension. While Positivists are
recommended to perform physical exercise that excites and intensifies
their physiological processes.
Additional Commentary and Notes
¶
Positivism-Negativism is often mistaken for optimism-pessimism, where
Positivism has become synonymous with optimism, and Negativism - with
pessimism. By extension, those who fall into Eneagram’s
positive outlook triad
(these are types 2,7,9) are sometimes mistaken for Positivist types due
to these triad’s innate preference for dealing with problems by adopting
a “positive attitude”, for as much as possible, and reframing
disappointments in some more uplifting way; while the often mistrustful
attitude and propensity to mentally dwell on problems and threats of
enneagram type 6
can
be mistaken for Negativism.
It is important to note that there is no
direct relation between Positivist-Negativist Reinin dichotomy and
optimism-pessimism. The name of this dichotomy should not be interpreted
literally. Positivists do not have an inherently positive outlook on
life, and Negativists - a negative one.
The Positivist-Negativist
dichotomy describes certain kinds aspects of cognitive perception and
mental operations rather than person’s outlook, attitudes, and prevalent
emotional state. Optimism-pessimism is a quality that arises from
personal experiences; socionics factors do not influence and condition
this phenomenon in itself.
A distinguishing trait of Positivist and Negativist types is the
preference for comparison (Positivists) or contrast (Negativists).
Positivist types are more inclined to spot similarities and draw
analogies (“they are so alike”, “y is just like x” etc.), while
Negativist are inclined to instead look at contrasts or alternatives
(“they are nothing alike!”). Figuratively speaking, if Positivists are
shown the front side then they will be looking at the front side, while
Negativists will try to look at its inverse. If this inverse is not
readily apparent, they will start searching for it. Thus Negativists do
not seek to present a “negative” or “pessimistic” view of things, but
simply the inverse or the alternative one. It is precisely due to such
mental preference that a Negativist type such as ILI voices pessimistic
predictions upon hearing optimistic forecasts. From a Negativist’s point
of view, he or she is not being a downer, but rather restoring the
balance by pointing out the opposite. Since Negativist types are
inclined to look for the inverse, if they are presented with pessimistic
information they start searching for its alternatives, for what is
absent and not there, such as a more optimistic interpretation. If the
same ILI is told that everything is bleak, he or she will proceed to
look for evidence that the situation is really not as bleak as it could
have been. This distinguishes socionics trait of Negativism from
manifestations of personal traits such as pessimism, depression, or
propensity to “catastrophize”.
Example: LII, negativist: “This is very much how I process
information. I compare of what something logically cannot be, so then
I know what something can be. I always seem to look for what’s not
there in general in order to arrive at what’s there.”
Thus, Positivists, in contrast to Negativists that see and investigate
alternatives to anything, at times make an impression of being too
“one-track” minded, too oriented at “one way”, “one method”, “one
opinion”, stubbornly enforcing a singular opinion, viewpoint, or
interpretation, or feeling exasperated when that single track has failed
them due to weak ability to see anything alternative. This shows more
strongly for C-D types than V-S types, due to V-S propensity to loop
back and try to correct the initial mistake, wrong attitude, or opinion.
Another point of confusion: Criticalness and Positivist-Negativist
trait. Under this misinterpretation, Positivist types are depicted as
always accepting, never critical of anything. This, of course, does
not hold up to the scrutiny of the statements of Positivist types.
Positivist types can and do critically treat information albeit with
some delay (especially information relayed on their ego block
functions), but the manner in which they voice their criticisms
differs from Negativist types. Positivist types are more inclined to
voice affirmative statements that use irony or aburdism to highlight
the incorrectness of some argument and demonstrate their own disbelief
(Example: Highlighting parts of a type’s description that doesn’t fit
them, and then exclaiming with irony “Yes, I see how that applies to
me!”)
Criticisms of Negativist types, in contrast, are usually directly
negating, eliminating, or invalidating statements. Negativist types as
if “cut off”, or bar some information (or people) that they’ve found
to be dubious.
In general, Positivists are initially more open and accepting of new
information (and people), but later may reject it after a more
critical consideration; while Negativists have larger initial barrier
to “entry” of new information (and people), but have greater
difficulty getting rid of something that they have already accepted.
Additional Links
¶
Video Lecture: Positivists and Negativists
by Victor Gulenko.
Sociotypograph determine your sociotype by Renin dichotomies
.
Examples
¶
Note that a single statement is not enough to determine where a person
belongs on this dichotomy. What is important is the
relative
proportion
of the two in person’s lexicon - negating statements are
found at higher frequency in the statements of negativist types than of
positivist types. Below are a few possible examples of such statements.
Examples of now Positivist/Negativist phrasing differs from
positive/negative content:
Positivist: “Yes, life is crap.” - affirmative phrasing, but the
message is pessimistic or negative in content.
Negativist: “No, life isn’t crap.” - negating phrasing, but the
message is optimistic or positive in content.
Positivist: “Yes, life is wonderful.” - affirmative framing of
optimistic content.
Negativist: “No, life isn’t wonderful.” - negating framing of
pessimistic content.
Negativism:
LII, negativist: “This is very much how I process information. I
compare of what something logically cannot be, so then I know what
something can be. I always seem to look for what’s not there in
general in order to arrive at what’s there.”
IEE negativist: “I find myself saying things like: “she isn’t a mean
person.” instead of “she’s a nice person” and “I’m not sad” instead
of “I’m happy.” It feels more realistic and tempered and I don’t
know. Negativism isn’t being negative, it’s stating even positive
things in a way that makes them more neutral…in my mind, at least.”
IEE, negativist Fi: “There are very few people here I don’t like, and
you aren’t one of them. As for the question from the OP, maybe it’s
because I’m an Fi negativist, but I seem to only be able to think of
people I don’t want to get to know better. LOL. And, again, it’s only
a few people.”
IEE, negativist: “You can’t win at a game you aren’t playing”
LSE, negativist: “Hey, that’s not bad” (as a compliment)
IEE, negativist: “I do not see Barack as EII - he is not ethical
enough or intuitive enough and I know my Mirrors, and I do not think
Michelle is LSI - she is not intellectually pragmatic enough or
Introvert enough.”
ESI, negativist Fi: “I acutely feel poor attitudes towards myself
or between other people. I can see it right away and I am never wrong
in this. But when it comes to good relations I orient rather poorly
… Two days ago my boyfriend introduced my girlfriend to his friend.
I watched the couple the entire evening, but couldn’t discern if his
friend liked her or not. There were no signs of negative attitude,
that’s for sure, but I couldn’t estimate the degree of good relations
either.” (difficulty picking up on affinities, relationship is
assessed by looking for inverse of positive relations).
Positivism:
SLI, positivist: “Yahoo answers are, of course, intellectual - a good
place to get your information.” - delivering an ironic criticism. Her
intent is to indicate that Yahoo answers is a poor source of
information, but as a Positivist type she makes an affirmative ironic
statement to get her point across rather than a negating,
disqualifying statement.
IEI, positivist: “Yes, Ti is autism” - making an ironic criticism.
Same as SLI in the example above she condenses another poster’s
writing to a single affirmative ironic statement to point out the
absurdity of what another person has said (involution + positivism).
SLI, positivist: “But it’s nice to see you are searching for ways to
discredit other people’s socionics functions. What a noble effort and
worthwhile activity” - while criticizing another poster yet framing
his criticisms into affirmative statements.
EII, positivist: “I relate to most of what has been said. These parts
of the profile apply to me [proceeds to highlight the applicable
parts]” - as a positivist type she is highlighting and affirming the
parts of the profile that work for her rather than discussing what
the profile doesn’t mention.
EII, positivist: “I will critically refer to anything that is being
said to me and try to analyze it, this comes naturally to me. It’s
like I pick up something and try to examine it closely, polish it,
remove the dust, and work on it until it starts making sense to me.
Discussing it with others helps me to clarify anything that I’m
uncertain about.”
Theoretical properties
¶
Warning
Plus and minus IM elements are not accepted by many socionists.
Positivist types have either a static plus element or a dynamic minus
element in base function.
Negativist types have either a dynamic plus element or a static minus
element in base function.
Type
dichotomies
¶
Rationality and irrationality
Extraversion and introversion
Sensing and intuition
Ethics and logic
Static and dynamic
Process and result
Positivist and negativist
Asking and declaring
Constructivist and emotivist
Carefree and farsighted
Yielding and obstinate
Tactical and strategic
Merry and serious
Judicious and decisive
Asking and declaring |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/process_result.html | Process and result¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Process and result
¶
Process
/
Result
, also known as
Right
/
Left
or
Evolutory
/
Involutory
, is one of the 15
Reinin dichotomies <reinin_dich>
.
Process and result types
¶
The process
IM types
are :
ILE
,
SEI
,
EIE
,
LSI
,
SEE
,
ILI
,
LSE
,
EII
.
The result
IM types
are :
ESE
,
LII
,
SLE
,
IEI
,
LIE
,
ESI
,
IEE
,
SLI
.
Using the
four-letter code
: Process types are
xNTP, xSFP, xNFJ, xSTJ. Result types are xSFJ, xNTJ, xSTP, xNFP.
Typical characteristics
¶
Process types
¶
Do things sequentially, from the beginning to the end.
Immersed to a process and inclined to single-tasking.
Focus between the beginning and the end of processes.
More inclined to read texts on books or computer from beginning to
the end.
“Of course the answer is right, since we followed the correct
procedure.”
Result types
¶
Do things randomly, seemingly doing them from the end to the
beginning.
Detached from processes and tends to multitasking.
Focus on the beginning and the end of processes.
More inclined to read texts on books or computer randomly, maybe
reading random paragraphs or chapters.
“Of course we followed the correct procedure, since we got the right
answer.”
Extended characteristics
¶
Description from
2003 Study of Reinin traits
¶
As a result of “renaming” of this dichotomy by V. Gulenko, confusion
arose. In A. Augustinavichjute [2] and G. Reinin [5] this dichotomy is
called “left - right” (Leftists types are ILE, SEI, EIE, LSI, SEE, ILI,
LSE and EII; Rightists types are ESE, LII, SLE, IEI, LIE, ESI, IEE and
SLI). We utilized in this article the more contemporary “opposite”
designations of V. Gulenko and T. Prokofieva (Leftists/Result types are
ESE, LII, SLE, IEI, LIE, ESI, IEE and SLI, Rightists/Process types are -
ILE, SEI, EIE, LSI, SEE, ILI, LSE and EII). As the names of the
attributes do not determine the attributes themselves, the changing of
the names is an insignificant detail, but still mentioned in case one
encounters different classifications.
Process
¶
Process types perceive themselves “within the process”, they
“immerse” into it, become a part of it. Because of this, they have
great difficulty managing several processes at once.
Process types perceive the process as something whole, integral,
inseparable. They tend to follow through its course without
switching, as it is difficult for them to return to previously
started then abandoned processes (for them, returning back to the
track from which they “switched off” and continuing where they left
off is equivalent to starting anew).
Lexicon: frequent use of word “process”.
Result
¶
Result types place themselves “outside of a process”, they dissociate
from it. For them the situation, the process (what they are doing) is
something external to themselves, managed from aside. Because of
this, Result types can deal with multiple tasks/affairs
simultaneously, tracing the beginning and end of each (it is easier
for them to oversee several processes at one time).
Result types are inclined to make intermediate and final estimates,
to sum up the results or outputs. They are oriented towards the
result i.e. the finishing point of a process. They experience
discomfort if the matter in which they are involved does not have a
clearly delineated result. This happens because these types put
themselves outside of a process, thus they poorly monitor its
progressionthey use intermediate and final “result” estimates to
track the natural flow of the process.
Lexicon: in speech they often use words “beginning”, “end”, “stage”,
“interval”, “result”.
Notes
The basic difference between Process and Result types lies in their
approach towards a situation or a process correspondingly from
“within” and “without”, while orientation towards “process” or
“result” is a secondary aspect of this. For the Result types, making
estimations (the summing up of the process) is a tool they are forced
to use in order to feel the flow of the process. The Process types,
on the other hand, can “hang on” to a process because they do not
wish to “switch off” and lose contact before its completion when some
outcome is achieved.
The hypothesis about perfectionism of Process types was not confirmed
by this experiment. Most likely perfectionism is a personal trait
that is not connected to this attribute.
Hypotheses
This dichotomy is based on the features of placement and distribution of
attention as a mental function. It is possible that Process types have
have a greater level of stability and concentration of attention
(ability to focus on a single topic for prolonged period of time, even
in presence of distractions). Result types show an ability to
“distribute” their attention (to simultaneously pay attention to
multiple topics) and to “shift” their attention from one topic or
activity to another.
Examples
Right/process:
“Finishing something is not easy, it us also not easy
to start something, but the most difficult thing is to return to the
middle of something I’ve abandoned long time ago” “I read the book to
the end of the chapter and a several pages into the next chapter… the
thought of something coming to an end is frightening.” “God forbid that
I start a game of solitaire, I will “hang” with it for a long time
(regarding a computer game)” “It is difficult to force myself to
undertake a task, but afterwards it just rolls forward by itself.”
Left/result:
“The matter at hand must be known. If estimations are not
final, they must at least be intermediate.” “It is very interesting for
me to start or complete a matter… I like visualizing a finished
project or task.” “The most horrible thing is when something just won’t
end.” “I feel like a juggler; in my handsseveral activities
(processes). I am aware of two pointsthe beginning and the end.” “Why
can’t you simultaneously listen and eat?”
Description from
Forms of Cognition
by V. Gulenko
¶
In its most general form, I understand this dichotomy as ProcessResult;
or by its other informal name, RightLeft. More precisely, I refer to
the designated Latin words ‘evolutio’: “developing outward” and
‘involutio’: “coalescing inward.”
Intellectual Level
¶
Describing EvolutionInvolution at this level will initially contrast
deductive vs. inductive thinking. Unfortunately, the bulk of literature
on this cognitive dichotomy treats it in at least two different senses.
In the first sense, deduction is understood simply as a strict formal
sequence or expository progression of thought (aka Socionics
rationality), while induction is understood as conclusions stemming from
practical experience (aka Socionics irrationality).
I will frame this dichotomy in the second sense, namely as
simplification vs. complication of thought structure
. Meaning that in
deductive thinking, given a set of simple and obvious statements
(axioms, postulates), the resultant consequences can be necessarily
derived (theorem). Reasoning flows in the direction of simple to
complex. Evolutionary types therefore mentally complicate the situation.
In inductive thinking reasoning proceeds the other way around. Observing
and comprehending complex phenomena, inductive thinking reduces them to
generalized diagrams and models stripped of details. Involutionary types
break down and simplify the situation in order to understand it.
Reasoning flows in reverse order from complex to simple.
The EvolutionInvolution dichotomy confers different scales of
examination in a problem. Evolutionary types see small to large. Details
are distinct. Scale is specific and precise like geographical map.
Involutionary types on the other hand, see large to small. Details are
vague. Scale is general and broad. The scale will alternate in
Negativists, since they think more alternatively, but the same priority
will remain.
It is worth noting that deductive thinking has always had priority in
society over inductive thinking. Constructing a deductively consistent
theory to explain a phenomenon, has always been seen as a researcher’s
coup de grace.
Social Level
¶
On the social level, differences between these approaches can be
contrasted as naturality/artificiality. By ‘naturality’ I refer to
primal behavior inherent to nature, and by ‘artificiality’ I refer to
behavior accepted by society. For example, in nature, survival of the
fittest is law, whereas in society, protection and care of the weak is
cultivated.
From this stems distinctions in one’s attitudes towards people in close
or distant circles. In the life of Evolutionary types, reputation plays
a much greater role. Opinions of others in external society tend to be
more important to them than opinions of friends or relatives.
Involutionary types depend less on social appraisal. They are more
accommodating towards people of their inner circle, whose opinions they
hold in higher esteem than those of public approval or disapproval.
There is a habit in Involutionary types to abruptly curtail
conversations. They do not simply cut off communication, but
specifically wind it up, quickly finish, or summarize what has been
said. They may also suddenly deflect onto tangents, then flip back to
the topic at hand. Evolutionary types may interpret this mannerism as a
sign of tactlessness, disinterest, or resentment.
Psychological Level
¶
EvolutionInvolution, along with other dichotomies, influences a key
parameter of stress in the psyche: Control of asymmetry in the
excitatory/inhibitory processes of the nervous system.
Evolutionary types recover more slowly from stress than Involutionary
types. Their inhibitory processes are less amenable to conscious control
than their excitatory processes, hence their tendency to dwell on
personal issues. After being pulled in by any process, they are often
unable to get out of it. Which can lead to gambling, drug use,
alcoholism, or other vices, even Internet-addiction.
Consequently, susceptibility to conditioning is higher in Evolutionary
types than in Involutionary types. Conditioned responses require
movement along a single path, without possibility of turning around or
deviating from the imposed route. One of the inhibitory mechanisms of
conditioning is phobia (obsessive fear). Imagine not being able to rid
yourself of thinking you will definitely fall on a slippery road. This
is an example of a phobia. And then you actually do end up falling, even
if wearing mountain-climbing boots. According to my observations,
Involutionary types do not seriously suffer such phobias.
Thus, Involutionary types more rapidly and less painfully get rid of
illusions, imposed opinions, suggested thoughts, fanatic states, etc. It
is because of EvolutionInvolution differences that quadras are split
rings of social progress are formed.
Physical Level
¶
The EvolutionInvolution dichotomy manifests on the lower level of
communication through an orientation towards either process or result.
Evolutionary types are more inclined to procedure, which involves
careful study of details. They are subject to the logic of the
development process, which assumes motion from beginning to end and top
to bottom.
Involutionary types rush to obtain a result, frequently neglecting
details of the process, which reduces overall quality. Such behavioral
patterns lead to a tolerant attitude towards returns and corrections.
They don’t mind accepting suboptimal, but convenient solutions. They are
characterized by backward motion, from end to beginning and from bottom
to top.
Let me illustrate this by an example of reading books. Glancing
immediately at the end or bottom part of the page is characteristic for
Involutionary types. Reading in reverse order does not deprive them
pleasure of novelty, on the contrary, it stimulates their activity in
assimilating information. Involution shouldn’t be confused merely with
impatient skimming ahead, after which one continues smooth reading.
Sharpness of movement is observed in Involutionary types, along with
sporadic shifting from one activity to another. These sudden shifts
overtly contrast to the smoothness of Evolutionary types. In traditional
Socionics, sharp movements are attributed to Rationality. In my opinion,
however, this quality is more determined by Involution. For
counterexample, consider the Evolutionary Rational types
LSI
and
EII
, whose motions are characteristically soft and smooth. Yet the
nature of movement in Involutionary Irrationals
SLE
and
IEE
is so
sharp that training them smooth movement is practically impossible.
To clarify the fundamental distinction between Involution and Evolution,
the following analogy will help. In biology, catabolism and anabolism
are the two sides of organic metabolism. Catabolismthe breakdown of
complex compounds to release energy and the elimination of decay
products from the organismcorresponds to the role of Involutionary
types in group dynamics. Anabolismthe assimilation from the external
environment of substances necessary for life and their transformation
into more complex compoundscorresponds to the communicative role played
by Evolutionary behavior.
Additional Commentary and Notes
¶
Note: Process/Result trait is sometimes mistaken for intelligence level
of a person, as well as their natural tendency towards terseness or
prolixity. Victor Gulenko has described Process types as having an
inclination to “mentally complicate the situation”. Following this
reasoning, some typers attempt to draw direct correlations between
capacity for complex reasoning, tendency to debate complex topics, high
verbal intelligence and wordiness with Process trait, and conversely,
terseness and simplistic low intelligence reasoning to Result trait. The
complexity of thought that a person is capable of, as well as their
verbal aptitude, are not directly related to this socionics traits, and
care should be taken to not mistake the two.
Result types grasp the full picture at first, and this vision can quite
rich and complex due to person’s innate high intelligence or crude and
shallow if their intelligence is below average, however in both cases it
takes them a long time to attain this broad grasp. Once they learn all
that they needed to learn, it could be said, especially for Result
Ti-valuing types, that they end up being “above the system”, surveying
it whole as if from the top or from a distance, zooming in only later to
inspect its parts and details. While Process types associate with
internal processes, and end up being inside of the system, which they
see alike different pathways or lines that branch out in different
directions.
Result types do have a tendency towards terseness and “speaking in
conclusions” which they may be reluctant to expand. This sometimes is
taken as signs of low intellect. However, if required or prompted for
it, they can provide their full reasoning and supporting examples or
evidence, but they do so later, and often only with necessity,
preferring to conserving energy otherwise.
One method for distinguishing Process and Result types from written text
is to look for signs of
inductive vs. deductive reasoning
in writing.
Additional Links
¶
On the Essence of Vectors of Social Progress by Dovgan
-
further explanations and extrapolations of this dichotomy.
On Waves of Aging and Renewal: Progress Orientation in Combination with Jungian
Aspects
by Victor Gulenko.
Video Lecture: Why Right Types are More Susceptible to Suggestion
by Victor Gulenko.
Sociotypograph determine your sociotype by Renin dichotomies
.
Theoretical properties
¶
Process
IM types
are either intuitive-logical,
logical-sensing, sensing-ethical, or ethical-intuitive.
Result
IM types
are either ethical-sensing,
sensing-logical, logical-intuitive, or intuitive-ethical.
Warning
The use of
plus and minus
IM elements is not supported by all socionists. Many see them as being logically superfluous.
Process
IM types
have a plus element in
base function
.
Result
IM types
have a minus element in
base function
.
Type
dichotomies
¶
Rationality and irrationality
Extraversion and introversion
Sensing and intuition
Ethics and logic
Static and dynamic
Process and result
Positivist and negativist
Asking and declaring
Constructivist and emotivist
Carefree and farsighted
Yielding and obstinate
Tactical and strategic
Merry and serious
Judicious and decisive
Asking and declaring |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/asking_declaring.html | Asking and declaring¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Asking and declaring
¶
Asking
/
Declaring
, sometimes called
Questim
/
Declatim
or
Interrogative
/
Declarative
, is one of the 15
Reinin dichotomies <reinin_dich>
.
Asking and declaring types
¶
The asking
IM types
are
LII
,
ILE
,
EIE
,
IEI
,
ESI
,
SEE
,
LSE
,
SLI
.
The declaring
IM types
are
ESE
,
SEI
,
LSI
,
SLE
,
LIE
,
ILI
,
EII
,
IEE
.
Typical characteristics
¶
Askers
¶
tendency to dialogue
much of what an asker says seems more question-like, even statements
always, as the other person talks, affirm the receipt of information
with yeah, mhm, etc.
motive of communication is external
can talk to an audience as a whole very well
starts talking at times expecting someone to get interested and start
paying attention
has a tendency to interrupt and feels comfortable pausing half way on
the speech and with “questions allowed all the time” way, returning
to what was said later if necessary
quite often asks a non-rhetorical question and answers it himself
often just asks questions to fill in time, without serious need to
actually find the information asked
Declarers
¶
tendency to monologue
much of what a declarer says seems more statement-like, even
questions
listens attentively and silently to others’ speeches to return to a
long speech
motive of communication is internal
finds it easier to talk to one person at a time
before starting to talk, first ascertains that attention is grabbed
is very patient in terms of others speeches in terms of letting
finish
prefers to finish the speech before letting others talk, likes
closure and that their point was conveyed
questions are often either rhetorical or only strictly motivated by
serious need for certain information
Extended characteristics
¶
Taken from
2003 study of Reinin traits
.
Askers
¶
Asking types have a tendency to use interrogative intonations. Their
statements sound far less categorical than those of declarers.
Asking types are inclined to answer a question with a question. Quite
often they begin their story with phrases like “What should I tell
you about?…”. They often asks question that serve no purpose and
require no answer (“Will you be there? - Who? I? I’ll be there!”) and
repeat questions they’ve been asked even though they heard and fully
understood them (“Will you be there? - Will I be there? Well…”).
Often they use questions as means to keep the conversation going (For
instance they may ask questions just to buy time to think of the
answers)
Askers, to a large degree, conduct communication in a form of a
question and an answer. Always conducting dialogues with who ever
they are talking to (“I would like to hear your response”, “Ask me,
I’ll answer”) or in imaginary conversations (internal “dialogue”).
Even if the story of the asker was planned as a monologue, as a rule
it decomposes into fragments (question - answer) inevitably turning
into a dialogue.
The asker quickly and at once reacts to a question set in the path of
it’s monologue (Independent of importance and
rationality/irrationality of the question asked) ? answers the
question then continues where they left off. As they are naturally
prone to a dialogue style of communication over a “meek”(Unrequited)
monologue mode, they prefer when they are asked questions when in
monologue mode. Also because of that it takes great effort to stay on
course and resist the temptation to stray of course by interrupting
the interlocutor with questions that could possibly take them of
course.
Declarers
¶
When Declaring types speak they’re inclined to use affirmative
intonations and because of that they are often perceived as confident
or as categorical. Even their questions are often relayed in an
affirmative tone.
Declaring types are inclined to ask questions to receive/get answers
to them. Unlike askers, they rarely answer a question with a question
or ask questions that are conversational surplus or ask questions as
a way to keep the conversation going.
Declarers are inclined to communicate in forms of monologues, where
each party has “it’s turn”. Because of that they subconsciously
attempt to transform a dialogue into a monologue (Either their own or
that of their interlocutor by just listening without interrupting)
and as a result of that the conversation ends up sounding like a
sequence of two alternating monologues.
Declarers can lose their train of thought when they are interrupted
with questions during their monologues and because of that they
usually wait and respond to such questions later. When asked a
question “on topic” they will usually asks the person who asked the
question to be patient as they are getting to that or to wait till
they are finished and will try to incorporate their answer into their
monologue. They relate with greater understanding to the desire to
not to be interrupted while they are speaking and because of that
they avoid asking questions while their interlocutor is speaking even
if they are “on topic” and prefer to ask questions and voice
reciprocal arguments after their interlocutor has finished speaking.
Analogy
The asker and declarer difference can be explained by a parallel of
conducting narration in two different literary genres. For the declarer
it’s a finished narration, the full story, you can see the beginning,
the culmination and the outcome, while the askers have more of a play
like mentality with constant exchanges between characters.
Hypotheses
The orientation of the primary function strengthens the manifestation
of each of the attribute: extraversion emphasizes the declaring
attribute while introversion emphasizes the asking attribute.
Nonverbal communication is more clearly expressed in the asker then
in the declarer (eye contact, gestures).
In written speech declarers are more inclined to replace questions
with a narrative on the question’s essence, while askers are more
inclined to replace narration with questions or exclamations (as if
demanding an answer, provoking the reader to a response).
Examples
Askers:
“Is there more then one way? Yes” (The person has fully
repeated the question they were asked) “Where to begin? Well, what would
you like to know? Yesterday I went…” (The response to a question “what
did you do yesterday” is with a series of questions practically removing
the significance of giving an answer)
Declarers:
“When people list their interests I don’t understand
whether it is with the intention to pursue the interests or what?” (The
question sounds like a statement) Declarer: Will you be there? Asker:
Who? I? Very well.
Additional Commentary and Notes
¶
See also:
Sociotypograph determine your sociotype by Renin dichotomies
.
Important note
Simple requests for information (i.e. asking
questions) should not be mistaken for socionics “Asking” Renin trait.
The name of this dichotomy should not be interpreted literally and
mistaken for questioning done for the purposes of learning,
clarifications, and gathering of additional information.
In particular, when people are studying socionics, they tend to bring up
many questions about any topics that are unclear to them. Posing such
questions for purposes of learning or clarification
does not
make them
“Asking” types. Declaring types will readily ask questions to obtain
information that they need, as this is a normal extent of lexical
operations and human behavior. Conversely, once a person is confident in
what they know, they will relay it in a more assertive and factual
manner; such solid grasp on material does not make them a “Declaring”
type.
Some citations illustrating how asking question
is not same
as Reinin
“Asking” trait on the example of type EII (“Declaring” type):
“But EII is one of the types who will ask a hundred questions before he goes and carries out what is needed of him.” (
EII-LIE semi-duality
)
“I like that they don’t ask too many questions about everything, unlike our duals EIIs.” (
ESI-LSE semi-duality
)
Since the Asking / Declaring dichotomy is very easily misinterpreted,
it is inadvisable to use it in typing
.
Theoretical properties of asking and declaring types
¶
Asking types are either judicious and logical, or decisive and
ethical.
Declaring types are either decisive and logical, or judicious and
ethical.
Type
dichotomies
¶
Rationality and irrationality
Extraversion and introversion
Sensing and intuition
Ethics and logic
Static and dynamic
Process and result
Positivist and negativist
Asking and declaring
Constructivist and emotivist
Carefree and farsighted
Yielding and obstinate
Tactical and strategic
Merry and serious
Judicious and decisive
Asking and declaring |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/club.html | Club¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Club
¶
Clubs
is a
small groups
of four types that share
the same two traits on the
intuition
/
sensing
and
logic
/
ethics
dichotomies. They are also often called “occupational attitudes”
(
установки на род деятельности
-
Gulenko’s
term).
Augusta
and
Reinin
were the first to apply
this concept. There are four clubs in the
socion
:
Humanitarians
: intuitive and ethical (NF), or
IEE
,
IEI
,
EIE
, and
EII
.
Socials
: sensing and ethical (SF), or
SEE
,
SEI
,
ESE
, and
ESI
.
Pragmatists
: sensing and logical (ST), or
SLE
,
SLI
,
LSE
, and
LSI
.
Researchers
: intuitive and logical (NT), or
ILE
,
ILI
,
LIE
, and
LII
.
The same four
relations
exist between the
types of any club:
identity
,
mirror
,
extinguishment/contrary
, and
quasi-identity
.
Clubs are often a common nucleus of spontaneous social interaction (as
opposed to “non-spontaneous” as in work, study etc) in modern western
societies, and therefore a very common point of formation for social
groups, more so than quadras since spontaneous social interaction with
new acquaintances tends to be based on common activities and interests
if not based on extension of one’s close social circle, where quadras
are more relevant.
What leads to club-based groups, however, are merely the common
interests and activities; the clubs tend to cease to function as any
unit as soon as the interactions between their members move beyond those
common interests and activities, when the quadra interactions will
naturally take over.
Within the same quadra, Mirrors and Identicals belong to the same club.
This explains the high percentage of Mirror couples.
Further reading on clubs
¶
Article by Dmitriy Lytov
(in Russian)
http://www.socioniko.net/en/1.1.types/club.html
Small Groups
¶
Quadras
Alpha
Beta
Gamma
Delta
Clubs
Researchers
Socials
Pragmatists
Humanitarians
Temperaments
EP
EJ
IP
IJ
Communication Styles
Business-like
Passionate
Cold-blooded
Sincere
Romance Styles
Aggressor
Victim
Caring
Childlike |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/temperament.html | Temperament¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Temperament
¶
Attempts have been made to describe the socionic types in terms of
temperament. First, some socionists after
Augusta
correlated the four classical temperaments (melancholic, choleric,
sanguine, and phlegmatic) with types, however, these attempts have not
been widely accepted. The most well-known temperament system was
introduced by
Viktor Gulenko
and puts the 16 types
into four groups that share the same two traits of the
extroversion
/
introversion
and
irrational
/
rational
dichotomies. The
same four
intertype relations
exist between
the types of any temperament:
identity
,
business
,
super-ego
, and
kindred
. In Russian the temperament names consist of two
adjectives that describe common characteristics of these types, while in
English a different notation has been used:
EP temperament
(Flexible-maneuvering)
EJ temperament
(Linear-assertive)
IP temperament
(Receptive-adaptive)
IJ temperament
(Balanced-stable)
It should be noted that temperament in socionics has taken on a
different meaning than in psychology. Compared to vague and abstract
socionic concepts of temperament, temperament in psychology is defined
more exactly, allowing for better empirical study.
Nevertheless, socionic temperaments can play an important role in
recognizing similarities between types that are all in different
quadras
and
clubs
.
See also
¶
Temperament (psychology)
Small Groups
¶
Quadras
Alpha
Beta
Gamma
Delta
Clubs
Researchers
Socials
Pragmatists
Humanitarians
Temperaments
EP
EJ
IP
IJ
Communication Styles
Business-like
Passionate
Cold-blooded
Sincere
Romance Styles
Aggressor
Victim
Caring
Childlike |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/communication_styles.html | Communication styles¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Communication styles
¶
These descriptions were taken from a section of
V. Gulenko’s
article
Life Scenarios: From Ethical Feelings to Sensory Wishes
.
Passionate style: ExFx (SEE, IEE, ESE, EIE)
¶
Passionate communication style group is comprised of ethical extroverted
types: ENFp (IEE), ESFp (SEE), ENFj (EIE), and ESFj (ESE). This group is
most confident in their attitudes towards other people and not afraid to
openly show and talk of their feelings, likes and dislikes, and ethical
evaluations. These sociotypes are the most sociable ones in informal
contact.
Their position in a conversation is an active search for feelings. They
bring emotions to people around them. In their life scenarios, it is
typical of them to marry earlier on the average than individuals other
sociotypes. However, they also separate and divorce more frequently than
other sociotypes. These types understand dialogue as an exchange of
emotions, as a kind of “sailing” through active currents of life.
This group is designated as ER: their Ego blocks hold either ethics of
emotions E (Fe) as the first function, or ethics of relations R (Fi) as
the second function.
See also
Video Lectures: Passionate Love Scenario
Cold-blooded style: IxTx (ILI, SLI, LII, LSI)
¶
Cold-blooded communication style group is comprised of logical
introverted types: INTp (ILI), ISTp (SLI), INTj (LII), and ISTj (LSI).
People of these types are not confident in their feelings and act
restrained in their emotional displays. These types are the least
sociable ones in informal contact.
Their communication style is opposite to the “Passionate” group. Their
position in an informal dialogue is a passive anticipation of feelings.
Communication of these types flows according to established courses and
norms. Their life scenarios suggest that they marry later in life than
representatives of other types and are not inclined to re-marry. Their
marriages, as a rule, are the least successful. They understand
communication as an exchange of lacking information of explanatory
nature. Such communication doesn’t lose much if it is carried out only
in a written form.
This group is designated as LP: their Ego blocks contain either
structural logic L (Ti) as the first function, or business logic R (Te)
as the second function.
Business-inclined style: ExTx (LSE, LIE, SLE, ILE)
¶
Business-inclined communication style group is comprised of logical
extroverted types: ENTj (LIE), ESTj (LSE), ESTp (SLE), and ENTp (ILE).
These types make contact with others over their activities and direct
emotions at their work and their engagements.
Their communication style can be called an active expectation of
feelings. Business-inclined sociotypes expect to meet their other half
in the whirlpool of their activities. The standard image of a typical
man prescribes him an active position in life, but not in the area of
feelings. In romantic literature, the hero gets acquainted with his
future beloved by rescuing her from troubles. These sociotypes interpret
communication as a business cooperation.
This group is designated as PL: their Ego blocks contain either business
logic R (Te) as the first function, or structural logic L (Ti) as the
second function.
Sincere/Soulful style: IxFx (EII, ESI, IEI, SEI)
¶
Sincere/Soulful communication style group is comprised of ethical
introverted types: INFp (IEI), ISFp (SEI), INFj (EII), and ISFj (ESI).
This position can be described as a passive search for feelings. Being
ethical, “Sincere” sociotypes confidently choose a partner who has
appealed to them, but as introverts, they express their openness to
relational contact by indirect signals. This is the kind of behavior
that is expected from a woman during the premarital period in
traditional societies. These sociotypes are most inclined to
“home-making” with stereotypical distribution of roles: man as the
bread-winner and defender of the family, woman as the guardian of the
family and nurturer of children. They understand communication as an
exchange of signs of soulful/heartfelt attachments.
This group is designated as RE: their Ego blocks contain either ethics
of relations R (Fi) as the first function, or ethics of emotion E (Fe)
as the second function.
Favorable communication scenarios
¶
4.1.
For analysis of intergroup relations, I will be relying on the
following, known to me through experience socionics observations and
consultations, tendencies in life:
Ethical type is instinctively drawn to logical type, and vice versa.
The psychological atmosphere in a purely logical pair turns out to be
too dry and boring, and in a purely ethical pair - very hectic and
overloaded with emotions. Secondary in strength attraction is
possible between two logical types if one of them has intensified
emotionality, or between two ethical types if one of them possesses
intensive logical inclinations.
Introvert is instinctively drawn to the extrovert, and vice versa,
although the strength of this attraction and not as strong as in the
first case. Extroverts win over, and introverts allow themselves to
be won over. Peaceful coexistence of the two extroverts is possible
only when they artificially divide their spheres of activity. Almost
always, however, in such pair there arises a struggle for power, and
the loser feels himself slighted. The union of two introverts may not
be as unfavorable if one of them assumes the role of an active in the
external world person. Without such special measure, this pair is
practically destined to self-isolation.
4.2.
Conducting socionics consultations for harmonization of interpersonal
relations in a couple, it is recommended to consider the following
averaged scenarios of intertype dynamics.
“Business-like” (PL) and “Sincere” (RE) types.
The successful combination of these two types of communication styles
allows to achieve homeostasis a self-sustaining state of
equilibrium within the system and in its external interactions with
the environment. In the event of internal disagreements between the
partners, the “Business-like” partner, as an extrovert, actively
influences the “Sincere” partner, who without much resistance yields
to his influence. Due to “Sincere” partner’s ability to smooth out
the sharp edges equilibrium is restored. When this couple has
conflicts with others people, the “Sincere” partner feels more upset,
since he/she is an ethical type. However, due to introversion,
“Sincere” partner simply presents the problem to the “Business-like”
partner, who undertakes appropriate measures. As a result, this pair
is stable against destructive external influences.
“Passionate” (ER) and “Cold-blooded” (LP) types.
This is another good combination of types of communication, capable
of providing natural self-regulation in a couple. This scenario
unfolds as follows. In the event of internal conflicts in this pair,
the “Passionate” partner begins to influence the “Cold-blooded”
partner from the position of extroverted expansion in order to change
his partner’s behavior to his favor. However, the “Cold-blooded”
partner, being little inclined to emotions, does not give in to these
attempts. However, over time his behavior changes simply as a
consequence of changes in his own assessment of the situation. The
“Passionate” partner feels satisfaction from this, and by that time
his ardor has already cooled down, and conflict naturally
extinguishes itself. In the case of external aggression, the
“Cold-blooded” type is inclined to ignore it and continue with his
activities as if nothing has happened. This restrained position is
very appealing to the “Passionate” partner, for it allows him to take
care of the emerging ethical issues on his own.
The types of interactions described above contain, in generalized form,
4 intertype relations. The most successful combinations are dual pairs
LSE-EII, ILE-SEI, SLE-IEI, and LIE-ESI, followed by semi-dual,
supervision, and conflict relations. Even conflicting relations, when
partners gain certain safe distance, possess stability. In dual
relations, on the contrary, homeostasis is reached only at close
communicative distances.
4.3.
The following two kinds of relationships provide psychological
homeostasis only partially. Compatibility between them is of average
significance. Either internal disagreements or external destructive
influence can undermine these relations.
“Business-like” (PL) and “Cold-blooded” (LP) types.
Events in this pair usually follow this scenario. Both partners in
this pair are quite indifferent to ethical influences.
“Business-like” partner tries to use “Cold-blooded” partner for his
purposes, but his efforts don’t lead to anything. Over time and after
a series of unsuccessful attempts, the desire of “Business-like”
partner to change situation to his own tastes fades, and partners
start drifting apart. Internal equilibrium, nevertheless, is attained
in this way. In relation to people around them, this pair turns out
to be insensitive. Each is busy with something of his own. However,
if external influences are so strong that they affect the
low-activity ethical functions of partners, quarrels begin between
them concerning how to respond. This impaired balance with the
outside world for them is very difficult to restore.
“Passionate” (ER) and “Sincere” (RE) types.
The particularities of adaptation to each other here are as follows.
Each partner in this pair, being an ethical type, has a good sense
and understanding that any conflict that arises between them has a
very negative impact on life and activities of the other. However,
only the “Sincere” partner will try to change his or her own
behavior. The “Passionate” partner will only demand change in
partner’s behavior. Since the “Sincere” type will usually yield,
peace will be recovered after a series of emotional outbursts. If
this pair has conflicts with others around them, events immediately
become dramatized. In this pair, there is an observable tendency to
transfer any impairment in external relations to their own internal
conflicts. Any discussion of external events can easily lead to a
quarrel. The driving force of such a scenario - an excess of
emotions. Equilibrium of this pair is thus unstable against internal
differences.
Less than optimal scenarios
¶
“Passionate” (ER) and “Business-like” (PL) types.
This life scenario is perhaps the most dynamic and controversial one.
Since both partners are extroverts, each partner tries to change the
behavior of the other. Both are active and do not wish to adapt to
the other. “Business-like” partner finds an outlet in an even greater
amount of work and activities, while “Passionate” partner attempts to
sort out their aggravating relations. Conflict becomes even more
inflated due to this. In relations with people around them, both try
to actively influence the outside world and begin to compete with
each other for leadership. With this, the “Business-like” partner
plays a more active role in these collisions, because he believes
that the “Passionate” partner’s lack of emotional restrained harms
their common cause. This pair is quarrelsome: it is very difficult to
achieve stability in it against both internal and external negative
factors.
“Sincere” (RE) and “Cold-blooded” (LP) types.
This life scenario is infused with internal contradictions and
oscillations. Due to introversion, in the event of disagreements,
each partner seeks to change primarily himself or herself. However,
the response of “Sincere” partner comes quicker and is more
noticeable. Thus, he begins to believe that he is sacrificing himself
for the sake of peace in this relationship. “Cold-blooded” partner as
if doesn’t notice these peace-ensuring actions. An impression arises
that he does not appreciate the sacrifices of the “Sincere” type.
This creates tension in their relationship. At the same time, neither
of them can change the surrounding them world towards a more
favorable for them outcome due to their introversion. Therefore,
external negative impacts on such a pair can easily destroy it. The
more unstable in this respect turns out to be the “Sincere” partner,
having sensitive perception of external sympathies and antipathies.
Consequently, this pair does not have effective mechanisms for
maintaining homeostasis.
Two “Business-like” (PL) types.
Both seek to influence their partner for the sake of achieving their
own goals, but both are also unreceptive towards such influences. As
a result of this, brief but intense conflicts often break out in such
a couple. Both attempt to influence people around them, but don’t
really know how to coordinate their actions. Each does everything for
the purpose of turning the course of events in his favor.
Compatibility improves only when both stand as a united front against
an external competitor or opposition.
Two “Passionate” (ER) types.
In such highly communicative pair petty accusations against each
other cannot be avoided. Each will try to affect the other in an
extroverted manner, but neither of them gives way. It will seem to
both of these partners that the other does not understand them, so
there will be a strong desire to sort out relations. However, any
attempts to prove one’s correctness to the other partner usually lead
to nothing. Due to this, conflict does not fade for a long time. In
contact with their environment, both compete in the emotional impact
on it. Such a pair is easily made to quarrel, since the emotional
excess in it must find an outlet. In the case of defending mutual
interests against external encroachments the coordination of joint
activities is complicated. Reaching equilibrium in communication for
the long term in this pair is unrealistic.
Two “Sincere” (RE) types.
Each partner in this pair will try in every way to avoid collisions.
This stabilizes the couple as a whole. However, if a conflict between
them does arise, its cause will be seen in the actions of the other
partner. This reduces the degree of reciprocity in relations.
Although this pair easily compromises, it is also touchy and lacking
in honesty. External problems each partner tries to solve
independently, without the help of the other, as each soon becomes
convinced that prompting the other to extraverted actions doesn’t
lead to anything. The consequence of such a position - is mutual
disappointment in the competitiveness of each other. However, the
existence of a common acceptable goal or purpose can unite “Sincere”
couple quite strongly. This goal should be in maintaining a warm
psychological atmosphere and existing relations within the framework
of significant to them micro-collective. For example, in raising
children.
Two “Cold-blooded” (LP) types.
Rather unfortunate life scenario due to lack of activity and
emotional warmth. Each of the partners is insensitive to the efforts
of the other and responds to his actions with much delay. Therefore,
although this couple rarely conflicts, there is practically no
positive cooperation between them. One partner leaves the other
partner alone, and is content that he’s not being bothered himself.
Emerging conflicts fade rapidly, since no one “adds fuel to the
fire”. When external circumstances change, each partner tries to
independently adapt to the changes. Help for each other turns out to
be minimal. Due to this, an atmosphere of alienation arises in this
pair. Uniting goal or purpose can improve compatibility in this pair,
such as development of methods, procedures, schemes, instructions, or
forecasts.
“Benefit” types are better suited for joint enterprises than identical
or business types. It has been observed that “benefactors” become pulled
to their “beneficiaries”, hoping to find in them “contractors”
(“executors”) of their ideas and plans [4].
Small Groups
¶
Quadras
Alpha
Beta
Gamma
Delta
Clubs
Researchers
Socials
Pragmatists
Humanitarians
Temperaments
EP
EJ
IP
IJ
Communication Styles
Business-like
Passionate
Cold-blooded
Sincere
Romance Styles
Aggressor
Victim
Caring
Childlike |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/romance_styles.html | Romance styles¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Romance styles
¶
Viktor Gulenko
has proposed four groups of
romance
styles
, also referred to as “erotic behavior” groups or “erotic
attitudes.” Other socionists, such as
Valentina Meged
and
Aleksandr Bukalov
, have also written on how type
influences behavior in intimate relationships, but discussed typical
behavior within
quadras
. Gulenko’s approach was to find
common ground between types of different quadras. Obviously, all
interpretations in this area assume, or conclude, that the greatest
degree of compatibility in that area is between dual pairs.
Gulenko
’s romance styles are defined by the irrational
element in the individual’s
Ego
functions:
Aggressor
: Se
in EGO block:
SLE (ESTp)
,
LSI (ISTj)
,
SEE (ESFp)
,
ESI (ISFj)
Victim
: Ni
in EGO block:
EIE (ENFj)
,
IEI (INFp)
,
LIE (ENTj)
,
ILI (INTp)
Caring
: Si
in EGO block:
ESE (ESFj)
,
SEI (ISFp)
,
LSE (ESTj)
,
SLI (ISTp)
Childlike
: Ne
in EGO block:
ILE (ENTp)
,
LII (INTj)
,
EII (INFj)
,
IEE (ENFp)
“Romance styles” refer specifically to romantic/sexual interaction –
displaying physical attraction, interest, and desire, flirting, and
sexual behavior present in romantic relationships. These styles apply
much less to relationships between friends or business partners.
Small Groups
¶
Quadras
Alpha
Beta
Gamma
Delta
Clubs
Researchers
Socials
Pragmatists
Humanitarians
Temperaments
EP
EJ
IP
IJ
Communication Styles
Business-like
Passionate
Cold-blooded
Sincere
Romance Styles
Aggressor
Victim
Caring
Childlike |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/waves_aging.html | On Waves of Aging and Renewal: Progress Orientation in Combination with Jungian Aspects¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
On Waves of Aging and Renewal: Progress Orientation in Combination with Jungian Aspects
¶
This article was written by
Victor Gulenko
and
published on December 7th, 1996. To see the original article in Russian
click
here
The
Right / Left
dichotomy is often referred to
as
Process / Result
or
Involutionary / Evolutionary
in Reinin traits, where “right”
orientation corresponds to Process, Evolution, while “left” orientation
corresponds to Result, Involution.
Foreword:
We wanted to rebuild the world, wanted to do better,
came
out of humility and through this destroyed ourselves and the world.
-
M.M. Speransky
Two paths of development
¶
General philosophical interpretation
¶
In philosophy, the word
development
is taken to mean spiral-like
progression from simple to more complex forms. Two vectors influence the
trajectory of this development. The first vector is a horizontal one. It
leads to cyclical repetition and is based on the internal rhythms of the
system. The second vector is a vertical one. This vector ensures that
there is no stagnation and overcycling within the system. Every turn
stands above the previous one. The rhythm of the progression of these
turns has a probabilistic factor.
Development as ontogenesis is essentially a programmed unwinding of the
existing potential. The Latin word
evolution
in its semantics
represents this path of progress very well, consisting of unwinding,
unpacking, of quantitative growth of the existing embryo.
On the other hand, development as epigenesis is the very birth, the
appearance of qualitatively new forms, sudden outbreak of a new life
[1]. The Latin word
involution
conveys the essence of this process -
it is the folding, the packaging, the build-up of a critical mass of
energy.
Thus, evolution unwinds the spiral of development into a straight line,
while the involution, conversely, winds it back up, thereby creating new
frontiers of growth within the system. If development is imagined not as
a spiral but as a broken line stretching from left to right, then the
break points and the areas that surround them represent epigenesis,
involution.
It is interesting to compare socionic connotation with mathematical
meaning of these terms. The word
evolution
in mathematics denotes the
operation of deriving the root; involution has the reverse influence -
raising to the power. The meaning of these two mathematical operations
closely approaches the interpretation of these two paths of progress in
socionics.
Biological interpretation
¶
Many researchers believe that the fundamental difference between living
matter from the nonliving matter lies in the opposition of left and
right forms or isomers [6, 9]. Right forms or isomers correspond to a
circular, horizontal movement of matter and are responsible for the
evolution of the organism. Left isomers are responsible for the movement
in the vertical plane, thus enabling the process of involution.
Combining the circular movement and the vertical movement creates a
spiral.
In biology there exists experimentally discovered by Charles Darwin law
of natural selection. Mutations give rise to spontaneous changes in
opposite directions, while the mechanisms of adaptation select out
options that are nonviable and reinforce those that give the species
greater survival advantage within its environment.
This fully coincides with two directions of progress in socionics. The
emergence of mutations is the process of involution, while the selection
of most viable changes is evolution.
Mutations play a key role in driving this process of selection, which
guides the development of the species if its environmental conditions
have changed. If the habitat does not change for a long time, then it is
beneficial for the species to suppress mutations, in which case
selection veers to the side of stabilization. This example demonstrates
how closely the two paths of auto-development of systems are intertwined
in real life.
Development as a violation and restoration of homeostasis
¶
In nature, there exists a tendency for homeostasis, which is the
maintenance of a stable balance between the internal parameters of an
organism. A
sociotype
is exactly such a set of parameters or limits
to the variation of psychological properties of a personality of a
person, which make him or her a homeostatic system.
It is easy to see that the disruption of the homeostasis is the role of
the left types, while its restoration falls on the shoulders of the
right types. Both of these extremes are dangerous on their own. An
absolute victory of one path of progress leads to a certain death, only
the types of these deaths will be different depending on the side that
won.
“Right” death comes from a gradual cooling and fading that occurs from
an old age. “Left” death is of short duration - it comes from the harsh
heat, the saturation of a body with energy, which leads to an explosion.
This type of death can be formulated as a paradox: it comes from an
excess of youth.
In psychology, Freud has uncovered two existing trends: the earning
towards life and towards death. Right types are more prone to suicide
than left types. They simply lack the psychological energy to survive in
difficult conditions and withstand the “scorching” conditions of this
life. Left sociotypes tend to be more optimistic. They do not lose hope
even when they have found themselves in a dead end.
Cybernetic interpretation of the two paths of development
¶
Our topic is rather directly related such concepts in cybernetics as
positive and negative feedback. The first leads to the immoderate
exponential growth. The second - to stabilization within the limits of
vital parameters. The process of approximation of the steady state
occurs in accordance with the periodic law of extinguishing oscillation.
It is clear that evolution, or the circular development, corresponds to
negative feedback. Thus we will assign a negative sign to “right”,
evolutionary types. Right progress represents conservation,
repeatability, a standing wave. It fades gradually over time; thus this
trend is symbolic of gradual deterioration and aging. There is a loss of
energy, but this path accumulates more and more information.
Examples:
ILE
- the same invention is spread and extended to all areas,
until it becomes too common.
SEI
- promotes relaxation and a slow decay of passions.
EIE
- bursts with violent emotions followed by a retreat and
philosophizing, turns away from life.
LSI
- brings to automation, formalization, petrification.
SEE
- manipulates with the existing emotions followed by a
descent into apathy.
ILI
- deactivates by extinguishing initiatives, then slowly sinks
into contemplation.
LSE
- overworks, exhausts the reserves of manpower through work,
becomes fixated.
EII
- follows humane ideals, leaving the struggle for survival
for an artificial world of idealized relations.
Involution, or deflecting component of development, corresponds to
positive feedback. Thus we will assign a plus sign to the “left”,
involutionary types. It occurs as a sharp jolt or step change. In other
words, the movement from old to new, rejuvenation, revitalization. It
corresponds to a modulated wave i.e one that deviates from a circular
path due to an influence by some oversystem. Involution coils the
spiral, concentrating the energy needed for a push. This accumulation of
energy is proportional to the loss of information resources. Left types
ensure transition to the next turn of the helix.
Examples:
ESE
- rarely despairs, doesn’t fall into depression after making
mistakes.
LII
- makes systems and structures viable.
SLE
- ensures victory in the most difficult and urgent
situations.
IEI
- inwardly apprehensive but believes in a positive
resolution.
LIE
- survives despite rough and adverse conditions.
ESI
- keeps and preserves his individuality even in midst of
hostile attitude of others.
IEE
- finds new options and opportunities thereby inspiring
others to try again.
SLI
- skillfully applies his ingenuity in situations of hardship
and discomfort.
Orientation of progress from four perspectives
¶
Physical level
¶
“Left”, involutionary types can produce results while relying on poorly
functioning process. They begin from large parts, and leave the smaller
parts for the later. “Right”, evolutionary types, on the contrary, are
scrupulous in their work. They skillfully organize processes and
thoroughly work through the material, while taking all the details into
consideration.
The question that is of primary concern to left types is “for what?”
Teleology, as a philosophical doctrine of the end goals of development
reflects precisely the involutionary aspect of progress. The question
that is of primary concern to right types is “from what?” Etiology, as
opposed to teleology, focuses on studying the original causes for
development.
Smooth and balanced development with a fixed goal characterizes the
evolutionary, “right” approach. Involutionary, “left” approach is
uneven: acceleration alternates with deceleration, advances are followed
by retreats. Involution in this manner resembles cross-country running,
where both speed and direction of movement are liable to change.
Psychological level
¶
Right and left types differ in their approaches to interpersonal
communication.
Manifestations of negative personality traits when communication
distances are large and positive traits at short distances are
characteristic of involutionary, “left” types, while the reverse is true
of “right” types. Left types thus more accommodating during close-range
communication, while right types are more accommodating at a distance.
Inner world of left types is arranged in a simpler manner than that of
right types. It holds less contradictions within it and is thus more
wholesome and harmonious. However, such a distribution of psychological
“charge” in left types is counter-weighed by the properties of their
environment that most often is complicated and ambiguous. The living
conditions of left type are frequently unstable and unpredictable.
Permanently residing in zones of conflict and frequent changes in
priorities does not hamper left types; to the contrary, it is their
preferred conditions for life. Right types can normally exist only if
their environment is simple and unambiguous and prevents sudden changes.
Thus, we can assign plus and minus signs in the following manner. For
“right”, evolutionary types, at closer distances in communication we can
assign a plus sign, and at greater distances - a minus sign: -/+. For
“left”, involutionary types minus sign can be assigned at closer
distances, while at greater distances they can be assigned a minus sign:
+/-.
Social level
¶
At this level, the difference between left and right types can be
described simply as “nature - civilization.” Nature is uncivilized: it
contains no formally upheld conventions, traditions, philosophies, and
religions. Civilization is not natural: legislative and moral codes
enacted in a civilized society cannot be derived from the laws of
nature, which can be traced down to the struggle for existence. Left
types are closer to living and modeling such natural existence, while
right type are closer to emulating life in a civilized society.
ESE
- natural, simple, artless emotions.
EIE
- artificial, crafted, playacting emotions.
LII
- natural, basic logic; the logic of natural laws.
LSI
- artificial logic, the logic of regulations and decrees
created and adopted by people.
SLE
- natural strength, which subordinates those who are weaker.
SEE
- artificial strength, which allows to exert influence over
those who are more powerful.
IEI
- natural sense of time, the course of events unfolding into
the future.
ILI
- artificial sense of time, the course of events oriented at
the past.
IEE
- natural ideas, naturally possible prospects.
ILE
- artificial ideas, alternatives of the impossible, of the
hyperreality.
SLI
- natural sensory experiences and comfort.
SEI
- artificial sensing, created, crafted comfort.
LIE
- natural benefit, attained by personal, individual
enterprise.
LSE
- artificial benefit, derived through organization of labor.
ESI
- natural relations, dedicated and loving of his own,
rejecting of outsiders.
EII
- artificial relations, forgives transgressions, treats
outsiders as his own.
Due to the fact that on foreign territory involutionary “left” types
tend to communicate negatively, it is difficult for them to unite into
large groups. Negative attitude towards strangers does not allow them to
form larger collectives. They are more inclined to work in small groups
where informal communication is possible. By contrast, evolutionary
“right” types work well within larger groups and organizations. Working
in small groups is difficult for them because upon closing of the
distance they become less tolerant in communication.
In practice of psychology, we can find two formats for training courses.
The first type of format aims to unite those attending into larger
groups, which may be dangerous: when crowd gathers a negative charge, a
need for a leader arises. Training courses of the second type allow the
participants to work in small groups, in which case collectivism yields
to individualism.
Intellectual level
¶
In philosophy, there are two methods of processing of information. The
first method is reification or concretization, when the flow of thought
moves from abstracted, general, vague forms in the direction of greater
specificity and concreteness. The second method is generalization or
abstraction, when the reasoning flows from particulars and specifics,
from distinct bits of information towards conclusions, statements or
themes of greater general or abstracted nature.
The flow of thought that progresses from broad general overview
towards details and particular parts is the prevalent one for
involutionary “left” types, while reasoning of evolutionary “right”
types flows in the opposite direction - it starts from details and
specifics and progresses towards broader outlook and themes.
In formal
logic, these two approaches are called
deduction
and
induction
,
respectively.
This characteristic has noticeable influences on activities that require
a person to process information, such as reading a book, writing an
article, or delivering a public speech. Involutionary “left” types are
inclined to start reading the conclusion of an article or the end
chapter of a book in order to inspect the summary findings or the final
conclusion, and only then read the rest of the text to trace how the
author arrived there. When an involutionary type states his thoughts, he
is more comfortable doing the presentation by first stating the general
principles, the resulting findings, the discovered patterns, and only
then proceeding to explain the particulars and giving specific examples,
relevant data, or anecdotes.
Evolutionary “right” types are inclined to perceive and present
information in exactly the opposite manner. They are more comfortable
reading an article or a book sequentially, as it was written, without
jumping ahead. When evolutionary type is presenting some material, he
first provides the particulars, the starting axioms, the evidence at
hand, and only then, towards the end of the presentation, he formulates
generalizations and final conclusions.
Let us stop here and examine the word
deductive
. It has multiple
meanings. For example, does Sherlock Holmes, the protagonist of
detective novels of A. Conan Doyle use deductive methods? The answer is
both “yes” and “no”. It depends on what is meant by “deductive”. No,
because he draws his conclusions building upon many small details and
observations, and this way of making inferences is inductive. Yes,
because in publications deduction usually implies rationality -
discursive method of reasoning barring any free associations. Deductive
reasoning is considered to be the kind of reasoning where from one
statement or proposition, consecutively and basing on explicit set of
axioms, rules, or facts, another statement or proposition is deduced.
Another example of a deduction in the second meaning of this word are
Aristotelian syllogisms
.
These are logical arguments in which from two or more initial
propositions (premises) some concluding statement or proposition is made
by means of a set logical rules. Classical example of such deductive
reasoning: “All men are mortal. Plato is a man. Therefore, Plato is
mortal.”
This is an example of “right”, correct logic. It is appropriate in
jurisprudence, in conducting investigations, in management of
governments, etc. In natural life, where many “left” involutionary
phenomena can be encountered, such syllogisms are of little help.
We speak in different languages
¶
Process and Result types have difficulty having constructive exchanges
of information. Their differing preferred modes of information exchange
are one of the sources of misunderstandings in social interaction; these
differences create an informational barrier between left and right
types. How does this occur?
Communicative transactions are complementary between types on the same
side of socioprogess. This means that one’s communication will be
received adequately: to a question an answer will be provided, any idea
that has been proposed will be either be developed further or receive a
critique. When two types from different sides of socioprogress interact,
there is a tendency to answer a question with a question, or to respond
to one assertion with another assertion that has little relevance to the
first one. Types from different rings of socioprogress seemingly develop
the same idea in different ways. Thus, in exchanges of left and right
types many orthogonal translations arise in their communication.
Manifestations of negative personality traits at large distances and
positive traits at short distances are characteristic in communication
of involutionary, left types, while the reverse is true of evolutionary,
right types. Left types are thus more accommodating in close-range
communication, while right types are more accommodating at increased
distances. If a person of right, process type talks amiably on the phone
with a stranger, for his left, result type partner this seems surprising
because he would have done the opposite and been less welcoming in his
manners in this situation. These differences become evident when two
people of different Process/Result orientation close the distance, such
as when they get married. Suddenly they find out that the partner who
was seeking intimacy has become more critical and aloof, while the other
partner who seemed more estranged initially is more receptive and
bolder. In this situation a question may rise for both of them: “Am I
being misled?”
Here is one such interesting historical example. Ivan the Terrible, as
documented chroniclers, demonstrated right type style of relating. If a
person close to him was being nice and accommodating, this caused his
suspicions and made him question the sincerity of the person. He could
accept accommodating behavior only after coercion.
Left type, to the contrary, would suspect that something is wrong if
someone treated him emphatically in a cold manner. If you are close to
me then why are you so unfriendly and aloof? Perhaps you are only
pretending that you’re voluntarily staying with me?
Right and left types also differ in how they engage in scientific
development. Right type of researcher will carefully collect facts about
some problem that is of concern, processes them, derive a system, and
formulate the resulting findings. Such path of formal or “correct”
research meets the academic requirements for science. Unfortunately the
probability of obtaining fundamentally new knowledge in this way is low.
Left “informal” science is organized quite differently. It is based on
putting forward hypotheses and schemes of a general nature that attempt
to explain the nature of phenomenon that is under investigation in an
informal setting without much consideration of accepted academic canons.
Then the hypothesis or crude scheme is compared to the actual
phenomenon. If it works, then it is accepted as a working model and made
to undergo further revision. If the hypothesis proves to be unsuitable,
then it is simply discarded as unreasonable. It is best when two-three
models are developed side-by-side by “left” methods, and as a result of
competition the one that is most viable wins.
Most of the results of socionics have been derived by left methods. It
is understandable that the right formal academic science treats
socionics with much skepticism. Socionics offers the finished product,
but where is the process of lengthy and detailed research and studies?
The solution of this problem is, of course, supplementing the quick but
unreliable left approach to knowledge with the knowledge and research of
the right approach - which is the only one that earns credibility in
formal circles.
Orientation within the rings of progress is one of the most fundamental
difference between people, as well as between male and female traits in
biology.
Male and female as general biological categories have been thoroughly
analyzed in past in work of Geodakyan. From this analysis it follows
that behavior which is described as a search as search, capture, change,
corresponds to male origin, while behavior that corresponds to
consolidation, preservation, stabilization, corresponds to female
origins. The middle of this distribution is held by women, while men
tend to fall as outliers away from the center. For example, in school
boys are more prone to misbehave and be disorganized, but some achieve
very high results. Girls are more compliant and organized, while their
performance gravitates towards average. These processes are very similar
to the progress of rings of evolution (feminine origin) and involution
(masculine origin).
The situation is quite similar among adults. Men social groups are
together based on power, but internally they are brought together by
friendship. Women’s groups at first glance seem more unified and
empathetic, but inwardly they are permeated by a negative emotional
field.
When right and left types communicate, they keep each other under
certain stain. Communication between them is more energetic rather than
informational in its nature. This type of communication does not relax
but, to the contrary, they activate one another.
An example: a pair consisting of a right type and a left type returns
home from a social event. The left partner softens, while the right
partner becomes harder and starts looking for flaws. The left partner in
a joking manner notices that the light was left on in the kitchen. Right
partner is outraged by this comment, since she is feeling very tired
after putting on the best face the whole evening. Left partner is
puzzled as to why he was so misunderstood. It doesn’t occur to him how
could anyone arrive at such a conclusion.
The right and left orientation has a significant impact on the exchange
of information, possibly as much as any of the Jungian traits. Conflicts
can arise on the ground of information distortion that occurs between
left and right types.
For example, often misunderstandings between extraverts and introverts
are attributed to the fact that the former prefer to think out loud
while the later prefer to think over their actions to themselves.
However, left-right orientation has a significant effect on
communication of introverts and extraverts. Right types gravitate more
towards lengthy debates, discussions, and verbal clarifications. In
relationships, they prefer talking out their problems. Left types are
much less reliant on verbal communication. They trust words less than
concrete actions. In this respect, left types are more masculine in
nature than right types.
The cause of misunderstanding between sensing and intuitive types is
often said to be that sensing types focus on details while intuitive
types are likely to omit them. However, this isn’t so. Attention to
detail is characteristic of right types while left “result” types see
the end result. Details are of much less importance to the left types
who see an overall vision, a generalized picture of a problem or a
situation.
Misunderstanding between logical and ethical types is attributes to
emotional callousness of the former and heightened sensitivity of the
later. Within the left-right dichotomy, responsiveness and heightened
sensitivity are characteristic of right types. Left types suffer less
from compounded problems and more calmly endure through disagreements
than right types. Freud’s theory of repressed aggression in reality
works only for evolutionary types.
Miscommunication between rational and irrational types are said to be
based on the different levels of categorization, where rationals are
described as more emphatic and assertive in decision-making, while
irrationals are said to waver and put off making a decision until later.
According to left-right dichotomy, right types are more inclined to make
firm categorical judgments while left types aren’t not directed at any
solid goal. Left, involutionary types more easily change their path
because they are more adept at controlling their internal stimuli. Firm
and categorical attitudes awaken in them only in extreme situations.
Summary of trait correlations:
Left types: sensing, logic, extraversion, irrationality
Right types: intuition, ethics, introversion, rationality
Groupings
¶
Project groups
¶
Projection is attribution by the subject of own properties and states to
external objects. Projection requires, first of all, understanding of
the problem and setting of the goals. Compilation of projects as the
next step in this process means development of course of action.
In practical psychology there are so-called projective tests that are
usually made up of pictures. Traits that are most projective are
intuition and sensing as well as left-ness and right-ness. Intuition
shows itself in the measure of unconventionality of the picture of the
subject, while right process manifests itself in selection of important
details.
Left + intuition
= general results (emotivism)
Left + sensing
= concrete results (constructivism)
Right + intuition
= ideational processes (constructivism)
Right + sensing
= concrete processes (emotivism)
Right sensing types: SEE, SEI, LSE, LSI - groups of concrete
processes
The most detail-oriented types who often have a superior ability in
precise handwork. Such orientation leads them to assimilate information
in small doses, as if in form of crumbs. The group includes managers and
socialites who concern for the good of specific individuals. Their style
of management is socially-oriented. The nature of this group carries
elements of social justice and charity. SEI and LSE due to their innate
nurturing capacity provide social assistance directly, while SEE and LSI
promote and control charitable donations, subsidies and scarce
resources.
Left intuitive types: LIE, LII, IEE, IEI - group of general results
This group is a complete opposite of the previous group. These types are
the most “coarse” in their approach to information - they assimilate it
in large blocks and are averse to getting into details. The style of
this group are projects of training and education. The junction of
scientism and humanitarianism. Approximation is characteristic of these
types - sequential approach from a vague contour to a more specific
result.
LIE and IEI pick out ripe but easy problems that can be quickly solved
with elements of play and optimism. IEE and LII are inclined to take on
complicated, difficult problems that may require changes at level of
foundation.
Right intuitives: ILE, ILI, EIE, EII - group of ideational processes
This group carries out translation of specific observations into overall
theory. Generalists and synthesists. This group is inclined towards
philosophical and religious conceptions. Often they have goals of
synthesizing religion and science, rationalism and mysticism. Among
their favorite topics are bioenergetics and extrasensory perception.
This group works on the crossroads of scientism and humanitarianism.
EIE and ILI are inclined to set unreal, impossible, idealized goals. ILE
and EII gravitate more towards theories that have a chance of being
implemented.
Left sensing types: ESE, ESI, SLI, SLE - group of concrete results
This group carries out implementation of generalized plans into
something concrete. They never wait long and are only interested in
projects that can be quickly implemented. They specialize in
construction and habitation. They work on the interface of societal and
managerial issues.
ESE and SLI create comfortable conditions. SLE and ESI organize and
protect newly created “oasis”.
Implementation groups
¶
Jung’s dichotomy Logic-Ethics describes, on the one hand, the rational
side of actions, the systematic work to promote innovation, and, on the
other hand, the feminine and masculine origins in human psychology.
Implementing, introducing, forcing through is the male role, while
developing the right conditions, assimilating, stabilizing in the
society as a whole is the female role.
Left process + Logic
= SLE, SLI, LII, LIE (strategy)
Left process + Ethics
= IEI, IEE, ESE, ESI (tactics)
Right process + Logic
= LSE, LSI, ILI, ILE (tactics)
Right process + Ethics
= EII, EIE, SEE, SEI (strategy)
Left logical types: SLE, SLI, LII, LIE - most masculine types, left
process and logical disposition are united within them
Act bravely without looking back. Their field of activity lies at the
junction of management and scientism. Localized introduction of
promising ideas and developments into production. This results in the
greatest disruption of homeostasis.
SLE and LIE are the best promoters i.e. managers of risky projects. SLI
and LII are effective in the development of technological support.
Right ethical types: EII, EIE, SEE, SEI - most feminine types, right
process and ethical disposition are united within them
Work to maintain established social customs, or if they are programmed
for something else, try to implement and stabilize new customs. Operate
at the intersection of social and humanitarian spheres - mass ideology,
advertising companies, show business.
SEE and EIE are advertisers, propagandists, entertainers, show agents.
EII and SEI prompt movement towards new stereotypes.
Left ethical types: IEI, IEE, ESE, ESI - intermediary types,
transition of masculine to feminine, still masculine origins predominate
in them
Their spheres of activity are humanitarian and social. They undermine
and destroy that which is routine and established, may take on
traditionally male responsibilities. They bring localized focused
implementation of humanitarian ideas. From large groups they transfer to
small teams.
ESE and IEE are enthusiasts and inspirers, shaking the foundations of
the humdrum of life. IEI and ESI serve as internal motivators, deeply
penetrating into the psyche.
Right logical types: LSE, LSI, ILI, ILE - intermediary types,
transition from feminine to masculine, still feminine origins
predominate in them
Main focus on this group is the junction of management and scientism,
generalization of the practical experience in management. These types
are inventors, rationalizers, creators of laws. They enable mass
implementation of technologies.
ILE and LSE make good inventors and innovators. ILI and LSI finalizers
and explotationists.
In real life ideals of femininity and masculinity gravitate towards the
center. Extremely feminine manifestation (EII) as well as extremely
masculine (SLE) are not considered harmonious.
Stress tolerance of the groups
¶
Left and right types differ in their tolerance for stress. Certainty and
clarity of the situation is favorable for the Rational and Right
(
Process
) types. Vagueness, potential for
development of some events gives the advantages to
Left (Result) + Rationality
= mobilized by stress (democratic)
Left (Result) + Irrationality
= resistant to stress
(aristocratic)
Right (Process) + Rationality
= vulnerable to stress
(aristocratic)
Right (Process) + Irrationality
= frozen by stress (democratic)
Right (Process) rational types: EIE, EII, LSE, LSI - vulnerable to
stress
This groups is the most unstable in conditions of prolonged stress. They
are monolithic, but fragile. When they stick together they can
successfully oppose hardships but separately they are easily scattered
and taken out as their resistance drops sharply. In stressful conditions
they fare worse than the other types, especially if stress is of
unexpected in nature. Despite their external stoicism, they always have
poorly protected and vulnerable points and a need for a solid
foundation. If this foundation is removed, they lose any resistance to
stress they may have had. Stress threatens these types with challenging
doubts and in the end leads them to break internally (“giants with feet
of clay”). The defining element for their rational temperament is
“monolithicism”.
Taking into account that rationality is related to the orientation in
time (planning, order) as well as to speech as communication forms, and
that the right progress is much more rational than the left in nature,
we conclude that this group of types is strongly dependent on the time
factor and verbal signals.
In dealing with these types one can observe that they have as if anchors
in time, easily developed habits to do this or that action at specific
points in time. Their second dependency is related to the speech stream.
EIE and LSI, for example, need a continuous supply of signals to their
auditory system.
Left (Result) irrational types: SLE, IEI, SLI, IEE - resistant to
stress
These types are elastic, springy. They are the most stress-resistant
types which show resilience against immediate stress loads. Their
advantage is that they perform well in extreme situations. They are
mobilized by unexpected changes in situations this gives them a new
drive. Ability to work effectively in stressful environments adds a new
trait to their temperament “elasticity”. SLE and IEI maneuver and
evade sudden blows. SLI and IEE wait the storm out in a safe location.
These types have anchors in space - developed habits to do this or that
actions in a certain location. For SLEs this is often their home, their
territory. For SLIs this is their workplace where he feels relaxed and
emboldened.
Right (Process) irrational types: ILE, SEI, ILI, SEE - halted, frozen
by stress
These types try to avoid stress. They are viscous. Their communicative
environment is similar to a glue-like mass. They have a tendency to lose
their resistance to stress over time at first they react vigorously to
a stimulus, but then subside. These types are able to resist stress for
quite some time, but with each new wave of stress their strengths
dissipate and they change their method of resistance to withdrawal,
interiorizing their worries and anxieties. This adds a unique trait to
their temperament “viscosity”.
These types like the irrational types are more inclined to develop
habits that are anchored in space. However due to their right-ness they
emphasize such anchors less. Significant to them are kinesthetic
sensations and reflexes, touch, smell, taste.
Left (Result) rational types: ESE, LII, ESI, LIE - mobilized, trained
by stress
These types easily withstand small amounts of stress. They are stopped
only by very fundamental shocks and even then only for a short while.
Life is constantly training these types, making them more hardened (ESE,
LIE) or more tolerant (ESI, LII). This is especially evident with the
optimists LIE and ESE, who may find themselves restarting their lives
from complete zero. They are as if holding light wireframe structures
inside them. An additional component to the temperament of these types -
“crystalinity”.
How do these types build anchors? To develop a stable habit a single tie
to a specific moment in time is not enough for them. For additional
stability they use visual anchors. These types are convinced not only by
orderly process of events in time, but also by visual signals. ESE and
ESI for example when they see disorder or an unkempt, sick person take
measures immediately. LII and LIE start acting if they see signals of
emotional response.
Groups of Inflation or Rings of Benefit
¶
These groups are demonstratively of energetic character. Latin word
iflatio means “bulging, swelling”. With the use of these groups, socion
is filled with energy. This is why these groups are unstable,
short-lived. They overfill quickly if there isn’t an outside force
capable of containing the spill of energy.
Mechanism of relations of social order (benefit) has a lot in common
with the act of hypnosis - the act of benefactor on the subconscious of
the beneficiary. Energy is transferred directly only if benefactor
(sender) is able to somehow relax the beneficiary (receiver) and
predispose him to the benefactor.
With consciously critical attitude on the part of the beneficiary, the
energy impulse is not transmitted. It is either blocked or even
reversed, bringing into effect reverse order - a destructive process
when emotional get heated causing a breakdown in the system. Information
in this system undergoes inflation - it is devalued if not put into
circulation immediately.
The basis of the differences between inflation (benefit) rings lies in
the way energy and information get used. Energy corresponds to
extraversion, but also left progress. Similarly, information is tied
with introversion, but also with the right progress.
Left + Asking
= recombinators, generators of information
(introversion)
Left + Declaring
= transformators, energy carriers (extraversion)
Right + Asking
= combinators, generators of energy (extraversion)
Right + Declaring
= restorators, accumulators of information
(introversion)
Left extraverts: SLE, IEE, LIE, ESE - energy carriers
These types are the most saturated with energy in the socion. They
suffer from lack of fundamentally new information. Energizers of small
groups. To be good at management and coordination, they have to break up
large groups into small groups and then control these smaller groups.
SLE and ESE solve concrete, immediate problems. IEE and LIE unite on
basis of romanticism, they are captivated by more daring ideas.
Right introverts: LSI, EII, ILI, SEI - accumulators of information
ILI accumulates scientific or philosophical information, LSI accumulates
operational or managerial information (both of these types make for the
best collectors), EII - humanitarian information, SEI - social
information (prices, services, events and holidays). They suffer from
lack of energy. Specialize in informatics of large groups.
LSI and SEI engage in solving immediate concrete problems at work or at
home. ILI and EII cooperate on basis of philosophical, scientific, and
spiritual topics.
Left introverts: IEI, SLI, ESI, LII - generators of information
These types translate energy into information. They function as
stabilizers in socion. Suffer from weak ability to energetically impact
their environment. They specialize in informatics of small groups and
feel good in small groups of similar-minded individuals.
IEI and LII capable of uniting a small group on the basis of some novel
interesting information. SLI and ESI engage in solving problems relating
to survival and well-being.
Right extroverts: EIE, LSE, SEE, ILE - energy generators
These types translate information into energy. They bring about energy
processes in their environment. EIE and SEE with their words and actions
evoke strong emotional reactions in others (for this reason they also
make for the best actors).
They specialize in energetics of large groups and for this reason
realize themselves in such conditions. They have a tendency to unite
small groups into larger groups. These are the most inflationary types,
that start up energy chain reactions in the society.
ILE and EIE are innovators and fighters for an idea. SEE and LSE draw in
people for collective effects.
Quadral structure of the socion
¶
There are many possible configurations in socion, depending on which
internal structure of small groups it operates. There exists a very
large number of such structures. Only a few of these have been examined:
temperamental-installational, perceptual-communicative,
stimulative-argumentative [8].
On the other hand, there exist functionally complete small groups and,
above all, the quadra. Complementary to the quadra are rings of benefit.
Lets recall that in each quadra there are four fixed roles - Gatekeeper,
Culminator, Stabilizer, Finalist. Within each quadra, representatives of
each ring of benefit play the same role. Intersection of quadra and
rings of benefit (inflationary rings) give yet another structure of
socion.
Request/Quadra
Gatekeepers
Culminators
Stabilizers
Finalists
Preparers
SEI
ILE
LII
ESE
Creators
LSI
EIE
IEI
SLE
Vibrators
ILI
SEE
ESI
LIE
Perfectors
EII
LSE
SLI
IEE
Due to rings of benefit that accomplish energy transfers, quadra
mobilize each other in such a way that the previous one launches the
following one [7]. This is the mechanism of quadra progression in
historical development.
Groups of progress introduce significant correction to the rational
(ontogenic) course of development, serve as a factor that introduces
disturbances. Thanks to them, in history there is no determinism
(predestination). Events are first accelerated, then slowed down, then
change direction in accordance to the subjective will of individuals,
especially if these individuals are working together in a group with
same progress orientation.
References
¶
Brief Encyclopedia of Philosophy. - M., Progress Publishers -
Encyclopedia, 1994, p. 382.
Kroeger, O., Tyuson J., 16 Roads of Love. M., Perseus-Veche-ACT, 1995.
Augustinavichiute A. The Theory of Reinin Aspects. 1985.
Berne E. Games People Play. Psychology of human relations. M.:
Progress Publishers, 1988, pp. 20-25.
Burlachuk L. F., Morozov S. M. Dictionary of Naukova Dumka. Kiev.
1989, p. 106.
Sonin A. S. Achievement of perfection. Symmetry, asymmetry,
dissymmetry, antisymmetry. - M.: Knowledge, 1987, p. 150-160.
Gulenko V. V. Quadra progression. Silhouettes of time through the
concession of types. K., 25.07.1995.
Gulenko V. V. Typological integrity of the socion. Formation of
sociotypes on the basis of Jung. K., 04/02/1993.
Moiseev N. N. Algorithms of development. - Moscow: Science, 1987.
Gulenko V. V. Fractal structure and quadra and socion. K.,
10/06/1989.
See also
¶
On the Essence of Vectors of Social Progress by A. Dovgan
Process/Result dichotomy (aka Evolutionary/Involutionary)
Gulenko Cognitive Styles |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/cognitive_styles.html | Gulenko Cognitive Styles¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Gulenko Cognitive Styles
¶
Published as “Forms of Thinking” by
V. Gulenko
in
Journal “Socionics, Mentology and Personality Psychology”, N 4, 2002
.
Translated from original publication.
Introduction
¶
The manifestations of three dichotomies: StaticDynamic,
PositivismNegativism, and EvolutionInvolution; examined on four
levels: intellectual, social, psychological, and physical. From
these dichotomies are identified the cognitive styles corresponding
to Sociotypes. The features of Causal-Determinist,
Dialectical-Algorithmic, Holographical-Panoramic, and
Vortical-Synergetic forms of cognition are described. Also explored
is their formative influence on modern philosophical paradigms and
the special role of Supervision rings in societal transmission of
information.
Keywords
: Socionics, psychology, cognition, static, dynamic,
positivism, negativism, evolution, involution, information
metabolism, synergetics, Supervision relations
From the standpoint of their structure, cognition in my opinion is most
successfully modeled by combinations of these three dichotomies:
StaticDynamic, PositivismNegativism, and EvolutionInvolution. Why
these?
I came to understand this relationship in two ways. First, I noted that
the most rapid and complete exchange of information occurs through
Supervision rings, which are formed by these dichotomies. Second,
finding Socionics analogies to other models of comprehending reality
(worldviews) I found that information exchange in each of the four
Supervision rings embodied fundamental forms of intellectual activity
found across the history of established thought.
If my conclusions are valid, then the mental activity of Supervision
rings constitutes that which cognitive psychology typically refers to as
styles (or forms) of cognition. A strict deductive proof of this theory
is not my aim. Instead I will simply present the results obtained.
Coming from the practice of consultation, teaching, and training work,
inductive generalizations have more weight for me than the mathematical
calculations so dear to the hearts of some Socionists.
How do you determine that a person is actively thinking? Let us examine
from the side. He first loses internal composure, then recovers it (he
is using StaticDynamic). First doubts, then confidently asserts
something (he using NegativismPositivism). First specifies concretely,
then generalizes, moving from one logical level to another (a process
controlled by the InvolutionEvolution dichotomy as I will show below).
Emotional coloring, judgment speed, following the present pattern (i.e.
Logic/Ethics, Extro/Introversion, Rational/Irrational) all play their
specific role here, of course. But the three dichotomies which unite
Sociotypes into Supervision rings, exert a more noticeable impact on
aggregate social intelligence in the form it has historically developed.
I emphasize that in this article I will investigate the structural forms
of cognition, not their content. My attention will not be directed on
what a person thinks, but
how
they think. In other words, the
subject of my discussion will be on the instrumental and technical
aspects of thinking.
StaticDynamic Dichotomy
¶
In general terms, this dichotomy refers to orientation towards either
space
(Static) or
time
(Dynamic). The categories of space and
time are vital a priori concepts studied in detail by Immanuel Kant in
“Critique of Pure Reason”, contrasting them as extent and duration.
Statics depend more on space, Dynamics more on time. Filling space with
objects characterizes Static behavior, whereas Dynamics saturate time
with events. Statics cannot stand empty spacethey immediately fill it
with available items on hand. Dynamics cannot stand empty timeboredom,
stagnation, prolonged states of the same condition. In a certain sense,
Statics can be called people of place, Dynamics people of time.
Now consider this dichotomy on the individual levels of communication.
Intellectual Level
¶
Statics tend towards fragmentary-analytic thinking; Dynamics tend
towards associative-synthetic thinking.
Analysis, as defined by most sources, is the division of a whole into
clearly delimited parts. Analytical work is meant to delineate
boundaries. Whereas synthesis is akin to associativity, i.e. the
association of two or more concepts by fuzzy, rapid connections whereby
one occurrence immediately evokes others to mind. Resulting in a
coherent synthetic image with blurred internal boundaries.
The epitomization of Dynamic cognition formed the explanatory basis for
the nature of mental processes in the theory of associationism.
Aristotle first advanced the idea that spontaneous mental images can
converge so closely together that the similarity or contrast of multiple
associations emerges on the basis of contiguity. Later John Locke argued
that ideas of any degree of complexity emerge from the process of
associating simple sensations. In this case he contrasted the
association of ideas against purely semantic connections, which in his
opinion were secondary.
Indeed, eidetic mnemonic techniques showed that with aid of visual
association, it is possible to connect anything in the mind. Here are
some of the eidetic memory techniques originating in antiquity.
Roman orator Cicero used the ‘method of loci’ to memorize his speeches
by heart. He mentally laid out information in the corners of a room,
mentally returning to one corner or another to extract as required.
Medieval Dominican monks studying rhetoric used the same method. They
took a road familiar to them to the last detail and mentally walked down
it, successively laying out along the road statements which would be
presented before the audience. While speaking, they would mentally walk
the route, ‘raising’ key concepts they had previously laid there.
Contemporary advertising cleverly exploits the Dynamic side of human
cognition. It is mainly based on the mechanism of association by context
(manly cowboy next to a pack of cigarettes) or contrast (ordinary
laundry detergent vs. advertised laundry detergent). Judging by this
means of consumer inducement, advertising presumably influences Statics
much less than Dynamics. Statics memorize more effectively when material
is structured in rigid semantic relationships, where each concept is
fixed in memory cells like a computer.
Thus, Dynamics are stronger in synthesis operations (not mere simple
connections, but confluence of associations), while Statics are stronger
in analysis (not just any separation, but clear and precise
delineations). Thus, the discrete/continuous pairing has more to do with
the StaticDynamic dichotomy, than with otherwise customary
Rationality/Irrationality. But then, what exactly is the latter?
Irrationality indicates situationality (predominance of context over
aim), while Rationality indicates regularity (predominance of aim over
context).
Social Level
¶
Differences between Dynamic and Static types at this level corresponds
to the contrast between initiators and finalizers.
Dynamics are stronger at the beginning of any activity: they easily move
and quickly enter the realm of nominal activity. Rapid transitions from
a previous state into a new process of change itselfthis is their
customary life. Statics better sustain and continue what has already
begunthat which is already in motion. They must be preliminarily
excited.
However, in the Dynamic is a process of continuous readjustment of focus
and ‘drift’ of purposes. Because of this, the priorities of Dynamics are
volatile and poor in hierarchical coordination. One wish may be quickly
replaced by another and it is difficult for them to concentrate on any
one specific long-term goal without external support. The strength of
Dynamics is not in retaining goals, but in achieving them; they are
better tacticians than strategists.
The objectives of Statics are more stable and reliable. They know what
they want and are able to maintain long-term focus upon it. They arrange
priorities in their life and work, with well-differentiated primary and
secondary objectives that are rarely reversed. Statics are more
successful strategists than tacticians; they know
what
to do much
better than
how
to do it.
A predominance of Dynamics in any social group renders it unstable,
prone to endless change, and sensitive to external interference.
Conversely, if predominated by Statics, then rapid transformations prove
to be impossible due to excess psychological inertia, rendering the
group stabler but more conservative.
Psychological Level
¶
The StaticDynamic dichotomy controls the degree of equilibrium in the
nervous system. Generally, the nervous system of Statics can be regarded
as balanced and Dynamics as unbalanced.
This is tied to variability in the internal state commonly referred to
as ‘mood’. The mood of Dynamics, even if Rational, can substantially
change or fluctuate for seemingly insignificant reasons (from an outside
observer POV). The Dynamic wants total freedom but is more dependent on
ambient environmental conditions and needs a solid foundation.
Statics possess a relatively autonomous psycho-emotional state; their
mood is difficult to spoil, and equally difficult to raise. For Statics,
providing reliable support to those psychologically depending on them is
a routine situation.
Dynamics often develop a psycho-physiological phenomenon known as
‘synaesthesia’a complex relationship between the sensory modalities
that results in confluence between them. Synchronized perception of
color, sound, smell, and taste as a single complex gives Dynamics a
special vividness in their perception of reality. Sometimes fusion of
sensation is developed to such an extent that internal images appear
indistinguishable from reality. For Statics, given the discreteness of
their mental apparatus, regular synesthesia is usually a rare exception
or the result of special training.
Physical Level
¶
At this level, StaticDynamic manifests as contrasting impulses to
biological homeostasis/heterostasis. Homeostasis I understand as
constancy and heterostasis as variability of the organism and its
surrounding environment.
Dynamics are heterostatically inclined to change their material
conditions of life such as wardrobe, home interior, or furniture
arrangement, for sake of variety or out of boredom. For Statics this
tendency is uncharacteristic. Only with difficulty do they proceed with
changes to their home environment to which they have become accustomed.
They will do so only when it’s easier to yield to circumstantial
pressures, than to resist.
As types with variable metabolism, Dynamics can rapidly grow stout,
though just as quickly lose weight if they fall into a state of
emotional distress. Statics have the opposite problem, of a stabler
weight and build: if already seriously fat (or thin), they remain so for
longer times. Their bodily metabolism is more invariant.
The same laws apply in relation to other physiological parameters such
as temperature, blood pressure, perspiration, etc. For example, the body
temperature of Dynamics may fluctuate during the day even with no overt
symptoms of illness. With sufficient training, Dynamic types can
consciously change these parameters in the desired direction.
PositivistNegativist Dichotomy
¶
Positivism I understand as the tendency to maximize the positive,
Negativism as the tendency to minimize the negative. Positivists
primarily perceive the positive side of any phenomenon, and often turn a
blind eye to the negative. Negativists won’t overlook problems, and
simultaneously mitigate any positive aspects to their situation of
interest.
Intellectual Level
¶
At this level, the PositivismNegativism dichotomy manifests as
identification of similarities or differences in object comparison. In
Negativists thought processes prevails contrast, in Positivists leads
comparison. Meaning that Positivists more easily hold overall views of
an object, without considering its internal divisions. Conversely,
Negativists more easily distinguish its extreme points of separation and
opposing contrasts.
Directly relevant to this is a dichotomy known in cognitive psychology
as convergent/divergent thinking [5], discovered by J. P. Guilford. In
his opinion, divergent thinking, from simple initial data, yields
several different solutions to the same problem; a trait characteristic
to the alternative-thinking of Negativists.
Opposite this, convergent thinking searches for a single valid
encompassing solution; a trait more characteristic to Positivist
thinking. For them, a problem is unsolved until the validity of one
solution is proven against other alternatives.
Social Level
¶
PositivismNegativism affects the degree of internal group coherence and
regulates attraction/repulsion between its members.
An individual’s ability to assimilate into a group is typologically
predictable. Negativists are remote types. They need constant assurance,
even in a group they consider their own. Therefore it is more difficult
to fully integrate Negativists into a group. Positivists on the other
hand, are inclined to close range communication. They do not polarize
contrasts, but smooth them over in one way or another. Thus Positivists
facilitate monocentric group structure and unity of purpose. Whereas
Negativists amplify polarizing forces conducive to polycentric group
structure.
Consider the example of
SEI
, a fairly good-natured type, although
Negativist. Is there a behavioral tendency towards remoteness? Yes, it
contrasts its subgroup with other subgroups. Thereby disrupting,
unintentionally or not, unity of purpose in the whole group overall.
What process balances internal group cohesion? It is observed that
Positivists are drawn towards their opposite, which contributes to
overall group solidarity, particularly through the ease of intragroup
role distribution. Negativists on the other hand, have an inherent
paradoxical attraction to those similar to themselves. The nearer such
parallel charged elements converge, however, it becomes increasingly
difficult to implement mutual action. Repulsive forces rapidly emerge
and fracture group integration.
The overall incidence of monolithic or polarized group behavior is a
reliable index for gauging PositivistNegativist tendencies. Negativism
generates tension in intragroup relations, leading on one hand to an
increase in psychological distance between members, but on the other
hand activating its internal momentum to say “Move!”. Positivism by
contrast contracts psychological distance and encourages internal group
cohesion, but can also bring complacency, carelessness, and ‘vapidity’
of existence.
Psychological Level
¶
In a psychological sense, this dichotomy can be approximately
interpreted as trust/distrust.
Each type of person behaves in life according to how they answer the
following existential question: is human nature inherently good or evil?
For Positivists, human nature is inherently good, so they are more
likely to be trusting. This does not mean that they consciously consider
themselves to be good, just that they conduct themselves as if others
were. Negativists even under favorable conditions are inclined to expect
the worst. Their degree of trust in others is therefore is much lower.
The relation between Positivists and Negativists is illustrated well by
the analogy of electric conductors. Electric-people (Negativists who
have accumulated a negative psychological charge) discharge into
conductor-people (Positivists), who tend to provoke them in just the
right way to do so. All of which happens mostly automatically and
unconsciously. The resulting emotional flash establishing temporary
balance of psychological (electro-)potentials. This beneficial surge of
emotional release, Aristotle in his “Poetics” called
‘catharsis’psychological purging via intense experience.
Physical Level
¶
The spatial arrangement of conversation parties in front or near is a
key factor in communication, its importance first stressed by Harry S.
Sullivan. Negativists gain leverage in communication from positions
opposite the partner, Positivists from positions alongside or at an
angle deflecting a straight-on gaze.
Automatic reductions in confrontation due to being seated side by side,
are a common method used by marital psychologists working with couples.
Sitting side by side and addressing an imaginary third party, enables
couples to gradually decrease the severity of sore conflict.
Clinical psychologists studying nonverbal cues classify gestures
indicative of critical attitudes. Such gestures are typically
‘closed’for instance, a hand at the mouth. From a Socionics standpoint
then, closed demeanor is better explained by Negativism, not
Introversion.
Negativism induces tangible bodily tension. Negativists are inclined to
accumulate ‘charge’, making highly-charged Negativists easily
overexcitable (especially if also Dynamic). In order to compensate
against this, Negativists are recommended to engage in physical exercise
that relaxes and smooths internal tension. While Positivists are
recommended to perform physical exercise that excites and intensifies
their physiological processes.
EvolutionInvolution Dichotomy (Process-Result)
¶
In its most general form, I understand this dichotomy as ProcessResult;
or by its other informal name, RightLeft. More precisely, I refer to
the designated Latin words ‘evolutio’: “developing outward” and
‘involutio’: “coalescing inward.”
Intellectual Level
¶
Describing EvolutionInvolution at this level will initially contrast
deductive vs. inductive thinking. Unfortunately, the bulk of literature
on this cognitive dichotomy treats it in at least two different senses.
In the first sense, deduction is understood simply as a strict formal
sequence or expository progression of thought (aka Socionics
rationality), while induction is understood as conclusions stemming from
practical experience (aka Socionics irrationality).
I will frame this dichotomy in the second sense, namely as
simplification vs. complication of thought structure. Meaning that in
deductive thinking, given a set of simple and obvious statements
(axioms, postulates), the resultant consequences can be necessarily
derived (theorem). Reasoning flows in the direction of simple to
complex. Evolutionary types therefore mentally complicate the situation.
In inductive thinking reasoning proceeds the other way around. Observing
and comprehending complex phenomena, inductive thinking reduces them to
generalized diagrams and models stripped of details. Involutionary types
break down and simplify the situation in order to understand it.
Reasoning flows in reverse order from complex to simple.
The EvolutionInvolution dichotomy confers different scales of
examination in a problem. Evolutionary types see small to large. Details
are distinct. Scale is specific and precise like geographical map.
Involutionary types on the other hand, see large to small. Details are
vague. Scale is general and broad. The scale will alternate in
Negativists, since they think more alternatively, but the same priority
will remain.
It is worth noting that deductive thinking has always had priority in
society over inductive thinking. Constructing a deductively consistent
theory to explain a phenomenon, has always been seen as a researcher’s
coup de grace.
Social Level
¶
On the social level, differences between these approaches can be
contrasted as naturality/artificiality. By ‘naturality’ I refer to
primal behavior inherent to nature, and by ‘artificiality’ I refer to
behavior accepted by society. For example, in nature, survival of the
fittest is law, whereas in society, protection and care of the weak is
cultivated.
From this stems distinctions in one’s attitudes towards people in close
or distant circles. In the life of Evolutionary types, reputation plays
a much greater role. Opinions of others in external society tend to be
more important to them than opinions of friends or relatives.
Involutionary types depend less on social appraisal. They are more
accommodating towards people of their inner circle, whose opinions they
hold in higher esteem than those of public approval or disapproval.
There is a habit in Involutionary types to abruptly curtail
conversations. They do not simply cut off communication, but
specifically wind it up, quickly finish, or summarize what has been
said. They may also suddenly deflect onto tangents, then flip back to
the topic at hand. Evolutionary types may interpret this mannerism as a
sign of tactlessness, disinterest, or resentment.
Psychological Level
¶
EvolutionInvolution, along with other dichotomies, influences a key
parameter of stress in the psyche: Control of asymmetry in the
excitatory/inhibitory processes of the nervous system.
Evolutionary types recover more slowly from stress than Involutionary
types. Their inhibitory processes are less amenable to conscious control
than their excitatory processes, hence their tendency to dwell on
personal issues. After being pulled in by any process, they are often
unable to get out of it. Which can lead to gambling, drug use,
alcoholism, or other vices, even Internet-addiction.
Consequently, susceptibility to conditioning is higher in Evolutionary
types than in Involutionary types. Conditioned responses require
movement along a single path, without possibility of turning around or
deviating from the imposed route. One of the inhibitory mechanisms of
conditioning is phobia (obsessive fear). Imagine not being able to rid
yourself of thinking you will definitely fall on a slippery road. This
is an example of a phobia. And then you actually do end up falling, even
if wearing mountain-climbing boots. According to my observations,
Involutionary types do not seriously suffer such phobias.
Thus, Involutionary types more rapidly and less painfully get rid of
illusions, imposed opinions, suggested thoughts, fanatic states, etc. It
is because of EvolutionInvolution differences that quadras are split
rings of social progress are formed.
Physical Level
¶
The EvolutionInvolution dichotomy manifests on the lower level of
communication through an orientation towards either process or result.
Evolutionary types are more inclined to procedure, which involves
careful study of details. They are subject to the logic of the
development process, which assumes motion from beginning to end and top
to bottom.
Involutionary types rush to obtain a result, frequently neglecting
details of the process, which reduces overall quality. Such behavioral
patterns lead to a tolerant attitude towards returns and corrections.
They don’t mind accepting suboptimal, but convenient solutions. They are
characterized by backward motion, from end to beginning and from bottom
to top.
Let me illustrate this by an example of reading books. Glancing
immediately at the end or bottom part of the page is characteristic for
Involutionary types. Reading in reverse order does not deprive them
pleasure of novelty, on the contrary, it stimulates their activity in
assimilating information. Involution shouldn’t be confused merely with
impatient skimming ahead, after which one continues smooth reading.
Sharpness of movement is observed in Involutionary types, along with
sporadic shifting from one activity to another. These sudden shifts
overtly contrast to the smoothness of Evolutionary types. In traditional
Socionics, sharp movements are attributed to Rationality. In my opinion,
however, this quality is more determined by Involution. For
counterexample, consider the Evolutionary Rational types
LSI
and
EII
, whose motions are characteristically soft and smooth. Yet the
nature of movement in Involutionary Irrationals
SLE
and
IEE
is so
sharp that training them smooth movement is practically impossible.
To clarify the fundamental distinction between Involution and Evolution,
the following analogy will help. In biology, catabolism and anabolism
are the two sides of organic metabolism. Catabolismthe breakdown of
complex compounds to release energy and the elimination of decay
products from the organismcorresponds to the role of Involutionary
types in group dynamics. Anabolismthe assimilation from the external
environment of substances necessary for life and their transformation
into more complex compoundscorresponds to the communicative role played
by Evolutionary behavior.
Causal-Determinist Cognition
¶
Let us now examine the first cognitive form: It is analytic, positive,
and deductive. We will call this style Causal-Determinist. Its carriers
are Sociotypes
ILE
,
LSI
,
SEE
,
EII
.
As Statics, their cognitive activity is stable and clear. As
Evolutionary types, they think procedurally without overlooking parts
and intermediate details. As Positivists, they aim towards singularly
valid solutions.
Intellectual Sphere
¶
Causal-Determinist cognition is known under synonymous names as formal
logic or deterministic thinking, both of which emphasize its rigid
nature. Speech in this cognitive style takes shape with aid of the
connectives “because”, “therefore”, “consequently” (causal
conjunctions). The mental process consists in constructing chains of
cause and effect, reducing explanations to
deterministic mechanisms
.
Using the example of Aristotle, who first pointed out four ways to
explain phenomena, the reason for the existence of a sculpture is the
sculptor who fashioned it directly.
In the scientific sphere so thinks
ILE
, in the
managerial-administrative sphere is methodical
LSI
, in the social
sphere
SEE
calculates chains of material interests, in the
humanitarian sphere subject to the same categorical imperative is
EII
.
Social Sphere
¶
Aristotle is considered the discoverer of this approach. The basic laws
of formal thinking are outlined in his theory of syllogism. However, the
first to consistently put them into practice was Euclid, founder of
geometry. More recently, its principles grounded rationalist Rene
Descartes in his 1637 treatise “Discourse on the Method”. Then it
finally took shape in mathematical logic. The Causal-Determinist
paradigm reached its apogee in Logical Positivism, then increasingly
began to decline in value towards the end of the 20th century. However,
as the common stereotype of proof, it still dominates to this day.
I will touch its advantages. First, it is perceived by society as the
most authoritative, most convincing, and singularly correct. In
mathematics, it is formalized as the deductive-axiomatic method. Use of
it requires great intellectual stamina. Second, attributes of greater
clarity and concentration are inherent to this style. The type most
characterized by singular concentration is
LSI
. However, the
irrational
SEE
argues quite soundly, deriving one consequence from
another, implying focus on the chain of events. If even one link fails
for any reason, then Determinists lose their sense of rationale and find
it difficult to act because they see no reason to.
At the same time, Causal-Determinism has its drawbacks. It is primarily
the most artificial and removed from the laws of functioning life. Its
efficacy extends to the ‘logical’ formulation of already existing
results, the construction of operating mechanisms, but not fundamentally
new discoveries. The first dead end which formalization risks is
scholasticism, i.e. pointless albeit logically impeccable reasoning. The
second intellectual dead end faced by sequential Determinists is the
trap of reductionism, which they fall into on account of fragmenting
wholes into their component parts. This deficiency was noted even by the
ancient skeptics, as well as in modern times by Hume, who doubted that
any event could be dictated by strict reason.
Indeed, in building a long chain of cause and effect, it is difficult to
avoid the danger of circularity, the risk of falling into
circulus
vitiosus
a vicious circle in the proof. Kurt G?del’s theorem on the
incompleteness of formal systems, asserts that any sufficiently complex
system of rules is either inconsistent, or contains conclusions that can
be neither proven nor refuted by the rules of that system. This
established limits in the applicability of formal logic. Using the
deductive-axiomatic method, the medieval Scholastics in particular,
attempted to rigorously prove the existence of God. Resulting from
closure of causes in terms of effects, they circularly arrived at a
definition of God as the thought which thinks of itself.
Psychological Sphere
¶
Causal-Determinist cognition forges a mentality poorly protected from
indoctrination, or in extreme cases, even brainwashing. By skillfully
combining memorable words and actions, it is possible to gain control
over the behavior of specific individuals. Intelligent Determinists in
particular, are characterized by a strong dependence on the events of
childhood, which Sigmund Freud discovered in his time, though poorly
understood in full. Habits in pronounced Determinists are comparable in
their rigidity to conditioned reflexes.
Standard military interrogation procedures are designed to ensure
guaranteed cause-effect impacts upon the psyche. It includes measures of
exposure such as sleep deprivation, changes in room temperature and/or
humidity, denial of food subsequently followed by its delivery as a
reward, etc. Isolation of the detainee and the gradual imposition of
regulations, bears fruit sooner or later. In time, the vulnerability of
psychological destabilization is manufactured into dependence upon the
interrogator.
It is noteworthy that extreme critical situations, trigger a
‘slow-motion film’ state of mind in Determinists. Thinking becomes
particularly clear, but stretched out over time, such that seconds can
subjectively feel like minutes. Along these same lines, due to an abrupt
shakeup of their psyche, the stress of surprise severely impedes their
cerebral activity until they can recover in deep sleep.
The psychological school of Behaviorism represents this model of the
psyche. Its supporters believe that behavioral learning is achieved
through reinforcementrewarding adherence to rules and punishing their
violation. B. F. Skinner formulated the principle of operant
conditioning, according to which the behavior of living organisms is
completely determined by the cause-effect of this conditioning. He
proposed the method of ‘successive approximations’, in which students
receive positive reinforcement in instances where their behavior
conforms to that desired.
Behaviorists developed the concept of conditioned learning and
established a rigid procedural method of action towards the goal as the
basis for its operation.
Scientific Sphere
¶
Formal logical thinking in its time gave birth to the deterministic
cause-effect worldview. This is the worldview of classical physics whose
cornerstone is Newtonian Mechanics, and was the dominant paradigm until
the early 20th century. Rigid systems operate according to these
rulesorganisms and mechanisms. When faced with multi-factor processes
(such as psychology or society), however, reductionism loses its
explanatory power to portray complex phenomena in terms of their basic
components. Additionally, this classic paradigm has been too influenced
by the ideal of ‘progress’, in spite of numerous historical examples of
regressive tendencies, setbacks, repetitions, etc.
A real-life model of Causal-Determinist cognition is given by
information represented in the form of a chart or realistic illustration
made using a direct perspective. In this technique, objects are depicted
larger or smaller in proportion to their distance from the observer. By
drawing in this way, following strict instructions, any object can be
easily depicted.
Dialectical-Algorithmic Cognition
¶
The second cognitive form is of particular interest: it is synthetic,
negative, and deductive. The working name of this style is
Dialectical-Algorithmic. Representatives of this style are Sociotypes
EIE
,
ILI
,
LSE
,
SEI
.
As Dynamics, these types synthesize associational images. As
Evolutionary types, they increase deductive complexity of them. As
Negativists, they work well with contradictions and paradoxes.
Intellectual Sphere
¶
The essential distinguishing feature of the Dialectical style, is a view
of the universe as a unified struggle of opposites. In speech it often
uses syntactic constructions “if-then-else”, the predictive branches of
a developing process. Within limits, the Dialectic strives to find an
intermediate point of dynamic equilibrium between contrasting extremes.
Dialectical cognition is born from the colliding flow and counterflow of
thought, the consciousness and unconsciousness. Thinkers of this style
are characterized by an express inclination towards the synthesis of
opposites, the removal of contradictions, which they so keenly perceive.
Its advantages are obvious: it is the most
subtle and flexible
style.
It can easily switch to an opposite direction, and possesses
predictive
ability
, accompanied by an effective type of associative memory.
Algorithmic thinking is also good at solving problems of classification,
given their gift for recognizing complex patterns. Beyond the
circumstantial conditions of a problem, it perceives a fundamental
algorithm for its solution.
According to Aristotle, Dialecticals prognostic thinking explains
reality on the basis of
purposive
causes. For example, the cause of a
sculpture is an idea of it in the head of the sculptor. The main role is
played by a program, the intention of the creator. Thus, it can be
considered teleological, and hence the most ‘religious’ in its essential
thinking. Many scholars of this type sooner or later come to faith (not
necessarily a church confessional).
Social Sphere
¶
Historically, the first representative of a Dialectical worldview would
be Heraclitus. Epitomizing the Dynamic dichotomy, he was of the opinion
that “you cannot enter the same river twice” because whenever you enter
again, the flow is already of different water. In more recent times it
developed into Hegel’s comprehensive theory of a rational system. Since
Dialectical cognition, compared to other styles, is the most oriented
towards creative intention, it invariably leads to ideas of a creator,
an absolute, a cosmic intelligence, etc.
Two of its representatives
EIE
and
ILI
are usually recognized in
society as the most intellectual types. They form the backbone of
intellectual elites, expert clubs, esoteric groups, etc. They are the
best computer programmers, knowing better than other types how to work
with moving structuresalgorithms. Algorithmic diagrams consist of
blocks and arrows showing the order of transitions, branches, and loop
cycles. The crux of a program is its dynamic structurepointers, rather
than blocks. The formula “if-then-else” is, in essence, the core of any
algorithm.
The disadvantages in Dialectical-Algorithmic cognition include
instability and uncertainty. Algorithmics suffer from difficulty in
making choices and embracing unambiguous decisions. This thinking is
more comparable to a symphony of flowing interwoven imagery, rather than
a mechanism of clearly established instruction sets. Another problem is
increased criticality, which can be so high that it incurs
self-destruction, plunging them into danger of total detachment from
reality, and leading to mental disorders, especially in cases of
hereditary predisposition.
Psychological Sphere
¶
The psyche of Dialectical types is most prone to transformations. From a
psychological point of view, an unstable oscillating psyche is fertile
ground for suggestibility. Occasionally Dialectics lose control over the
parallel streams of thought fluctuating in their heads. They need only
tune out their internal oscillation between freedom of choice and
fatalism, and reinforce the latter. Doctors know that a small but
accurately timed shock can throw the heart into a state of fibrillation.
Likewise, a successfully directed signal at the right time can throw the
Dialectical psyche into a chaotic state.
The
EIE
Sociotype has a very suitable psyche for suggestive influence.
It is characterized by so-called moments of imprint vulnerability. In
these moments an intense suggestion is triggeredan imprintthe
prerequisites of which are a state of extreme fear, confusion, or
surprise. A ‘No Exit’ sign suddenly seen by a person of Algorithmic
psyche at a time of severe emotional turmoil, may catalyze a decision
about suicide. Exploiting this paradoxical nature of Dialectical types,
shock therapy is capable of completely reprogramming their conception of
reality, including core value judgments.
A certain, although rare sign of Dialectical cognitionaccidents that
lead to states similar to a deep trance or coma, followed by sudden
enlightenment or the appearance of esoteric abilities.
The other version is slow suggestion, primarily based on entrainment
through rhythmic vocalization and/or sound, multiple repetitions of the
same phrase with variation. Variations in this case are particularly
significant, working akin to the chorus in a song. Gradually a trance
state is reachedexternal relaxation with internal concentration. The
greater the monotony, the sooner a deep trance is reached. Hence why
some people rapidly settle down and fall asleep under a monotone
‘bubnezh’ TV.
Scientific Sphere
¶
Dialectical thinking best corresponds to the quantum-probabilistic
worldview of modern physics. According to this paradigm, there are no
immutable laws, only tendencies and probabilities. Quantum Mechanics is
built on the counterintuitive principle of particle-wave duality,
according to which microcosmic objects behave as particles and as waves.
Two of the 20th century’s greatest physicists disputed over this
viewAlbert Einstein and Neils Bohr. The former defended
causal-determinism as the nature of the universe, the latter advocated a
probabilistic ontology. In the aftermath, Bohr won. Though apart from
its historical context, the dispute makes little sense, given that these
cognitive forms are dual to one other. Jung’s principle of
‘synchronicity’ also lies within the Dialectical paradigm.
Contemporary British mathematician Roger Penrose has suggested that the
human brain uses quantum gravity as a means for intuitive insight. He’s
written several books (“The Emperor’s New Mind” and “Shadows of the
Mind”) stipulating that the brain is a quantum computer, and that
Aristotelian logical thinking is actually alien to human beings. If he
is right, it follows that the integral type of humanity is
Dialectical-Algorithmic.
A real-life model of this thinkingdouble-images periodically passing
into each other. Simple example: a projection onto the plane of a
truncated pyramid. After examining it awhile it alternately seems
convex, with the top facing to the observer, then concave, with the rear
wall receding into the distance.
One more graphical illustration of Dialectical perception. What do you
see in the picture: a vase against a black background, or two facial
profiles on a white background? It depends on which one for you is the
background, and which is the figure. Some see a vase and the profiles
turn into a dark background, others see two black profiles and the white
vase goes into the background. But once a person sees both images,
fluctuations of attention begin. The picture seems to pulsate: you see a
vase, then the profiles. There is a dialectical exchange of
background/foreground. Triggering negative reverse perspective, where
distant or darkened objects are perceived more significantly than those
located closer to the observer.
Holographical-Panoramic Cognition
¶
In cognitive theory, the third cognitive form is the least studied: it
is analytic, negative, and inductive. The provisional name of this style
is Holographical-Panoramic. ‘Holograph’ originates from the Ancient
Greek words holos “entire, whole” and grapho “write”. This name is
derived from the Holographist’s ability to densely pack information via
method of ‘like to, similar’ analogy. Sociotypes possessing this form
are
SLE
,
LII
,
IEE
,
ESI
.
As Statics, Holographers attain reliable precision of thought. As
Negativists they periodically turn the object of thought to its opposite
side. As Involutionary types, they sporadically change the angle of
examination or criterion of judgment.
Intellectual Sphere
¶
This cognitive style has much in common with the holographic principle
in physics. A hologram (optical) is a statistically recorded
interference pattern made by two beams of light which are transmitted
and reflected from a single source. Holographic technology allows us to
obtain a three-dimensional image of an object. The hologram itself is an
aggregation of stripes and spots exactly resembling the embedded object.
The two beams of light are superimposed in such a way that every part of
the hologram carries information about the whole.
In this way, by mentally superimposing multiple projections of the same
object, Holographists reach a holistic view. To do this, they look at
the image and select a desired angle of examination. Holographic
cognition often utilizes the grammatical conjunctives: “or-or”,
“either-or”, “on the one hand, on the other hand”. It actively uses the
principle of perspective; unrestricted choice in point of view. The
holographic approach is a progressive approximation towards the purpose,
or away from it, accompanied by changes of perspective. The holographic
process is carried out as if calibrating focus.
Holographic cognition has a characteristic penetrating,
skeletal-revealing, ‘x-ray’ nature. It unhesitatingly cuts away details
and nuances, giving a coarsely generalized representation of the
subject. Take for example the two orthogonal cross-sections of a
cylinder: the horizontal section looks like a circle, and the vertical
section looks like a rectangle. Two different perspectives of an
indivisible whole which, when superimposed in the mind, produces
transition to a higher level of understanding about the object.
SLE
thinks this way in battle. Analyzing the situation, they simplify
it to two or three facets (frontal, flank, and/or rear), but then
quickly go to a higher tier of understanding.
LII
grasps the problem
from opposite sides, mentally rotating the situation in three dimensions
around its semantic axes.
ESI
first draws near to a person, then moves
away, seeming to probe the individual from all sides, cutting off those
who could let them down.
IEE
detects the possible hidden motivations
of a person, as if building their psychological ‘hologram’.
The main advantages of Holographic cognition are as follows. First, it
is multi-perspective. As already stated, because of this it attains a
dimensionally holistic and complete depiction. Second, it values
simplicity and clarity, avoids pretentiousness, and forgoes ‘bells and
whistles’. Holographists are particularly effective in crisis
situations, when it is necessary to make decisions quickly, and there is
no time to weigh all the details.
The obvious disadvantage of this cognitive style is that it appears too
rough, lacking adequate consideration to details which become important
when a process flows smoothly. Its information-dense constructs are
often difficult to decompress and unpack; to outsiders, they may seem
void of intermediate links for establishing coherency in their
connections.
According to Aristotle, Holographic cognition corresponds to explanation
by structural or formative causes. Aristotle called it the structure of
form. Returning to the sculptor example, the cause of the sculpture is
its latent form, which the sculptor merely sets free by cutting away
excess marble.
Social Sphere
¶
A vague idea of the holographic concept was expressed by Gottfried
Leibniz’s “Monadology”. His monad, a microcosmic reflection of the whole
world order, is analogous to a hologram. Ecologists regularly turned to
it in attempting to understand why there is stability in nature.
Relationships between living and non-living nature arising in a given
territory causes biogeocenosis, or ecosystem formation. Ecosystems are
primarily characterized by equilibrium of self-similarity over time,
where long-term coexistence of opposites without merging (synthesis) is
observed. Therefore, Static prevails over Dynamic in such communities.
Therein lies the fundamental law of homeostasis in the ecosystem.
General systems theory was later formed on the basis of these ideas. It
was founded by Austrian biologist Ludwig von Bertalanffy, who introduced
the concept of open systems, which exchange matter, energy, and
information with the environment, thus resisting destabilization.
While Determinists attempt to explain the behavior of a system by its
component parts and interconnections, Holographists find novel qualities
illustrating emergent features in it that cannot be accounted for solely
from its internal structure. Therefore, the Holographical paradigm can
generally be called a systemic-ecological worldview.
Contemporary ‘green’ ideology is an epitomization of this cognitive
form. This does not in any way imply that the ideologues of this
movement are Holographical typescognitive styles and proclaimed
viewpoints may not necessarily coincide! Manifestations of one cognitive
style through another are completely typical. The books of “quantum
psychologist” Robert Anton Wilson are a good example of this, in which
his Dialectical-Algorithmic form is laden with multi-perspective,
holographic content [5].
Psychological Sphere
¶
Holographical cognition corresponds to a stable, self-possessed psyche
resistant to conditioning. In comparing the conditionability of an
LSI
psyche to its Involutionary Mirror
SLE
, observation shows that the
degree of psychological resistance is much higher in the latter. How is
this explained? By the durable cognitive infrastructure on which it is
built. Complete panorama, which allows periodic change of perspective on
the subject. Good balance between the immune and nervous systems, as
well as the primary sense organs.
In neuro-linguistic programming, this principle is used in a technique
called ‘reframing’. Reframing changes the perceptual framework
contextualizing an event. If we mentally place a familiar object into an
unfamiliar context, then significance of the whole situation changes.
For example, imagine a tiger first in a jungle, then in a zoo cage, then
on the balcony of your apartment. The standard Socionics type is
depicted as immersed in its ‘club’. But what if you shift it to quadra?
What if it turns out to be among types with opposite cognitive styles?
The chain can continue indefinitely.
With reframing it is possible to see the familiar with fresh eyes. The
type of the psyche in one who resorts to this technique remains constant
of course, only their subjective relation to the object of attention is
changed. The benefit of this method is primarily in the fact that new
perspectives emphasize aspects of a situation that may have been
previously underestimated, allowing the possibility of discovering new
avenues of growth, and expanding one’s existing range of choices.
Scientific Sphere
¶
A real-life physical model of this multi-perspective intellect is the
holograma superimposition of multiple images where each one can only be
seen when looking at a certain angle. Change of perspective occurs
intermittently and does not alter the system itself, only its
priorities. In this way, multiple standards can be implemented, making
it possible to work with a complex system as if it were a simple
sequence.
Another real-life prototype of Holographical cognition are fractal
objects, discovered by mathematician Benoit Mandelbrot in the 1970s.
Geometrically, fractals are figures with diffuse outlines, possessing
self-similar internal structures. For example, trees, snowflakes,
coastlines, etc. They are characterized by multiple internal forms
similar in principle to nesting-dolls. Like a hologram, any fragment of
a fractal contains complete information about the entire fractal. The
part is always structurally similar to the whole.
Socionics types are also like fractal objects. Hence my holographic
concept of personality as a nested system of types, one inside another
[4]. Which opposes the prevailing flat view of Socionics advocated by
people with reductionist thinking.
Vortical-Synergetic Cognition
¶
The fourth cognitive style: it is synthetic, positive, and inductive.
Its most appropriate title is Vortical-Synergetic. This form flows in
Sociotypes
ESE
,
SLI
,
LIE
,
IEI
.
Synergeticsthe science of how order emerges from chaos. The word
‘synergy’ in Ancient Greek means “concerted action”. The concept of
synergy continues to be discussed at present. In the West, it is called
‘Chaos Theory’ or ‘Nonlinear Dynamics’ [9]. For our purposes, it is
important to note that it is characterized by so-called dissipative
statesnon-equilibrium, nonlinear, unstable.
As Dynamics, Synergetics think fluidly with tints of one thought
cascading into another. As Positivists, they converge towards a point of
attraction. As Involutionary types, they frequently turn backwards and
jump over previous levels, displacing the flow of their thoughts like a
vortex or fluctuating storm.
IEI
as if in a kaleidoscope sees whimsical iridescent imagery,
dissolving then receding in flux.
LIE
thinks very experimentally with
many variants rapidly assorted and mentally tested on the fly for
practical applicability.
ESE
initiates a social torrent leaving behind
a trail of emotional turbulence. Thoughts ‘swarm’ and chaotically
displace one another.
SLI
‘lies in a drift’ as it were awaiting
favorable wind. Once the situation becomes favorable, self-organization
immediately takes hold and rapid thinking initiates, scrolling through
incoming information, identifying options most and least likely to
succeed.
Intellectual Sphere
¶
Characteristic of a ‘vortex’ is its self-organizing nature, moving like
a whirlwind. This manifests mentally as a rapid search for options,
tests, and the subsequent screening of variants which do not yield
results. It operates on basis of testing, advancing to the goal through
trial and error. In a sense, it is comparable to a perpetual lab
experiment in the brain.
The first advantage of Vortical cognitionliveliness and naturalness. It
seems to simulate the actual processes occurring in nature. Another
advantagefaith in success and luck. Synergetics do not confuse
temporary setbacks with error; they will undertake attempt after attempt
until success ultimately comes to them.
Its chief disadvantage is that the intellectual search is often blind
and uneconomical. Another difficulty is its randomness and spontaneity.
Synergetic intellect is a kind of chain reaction that catalyzes itself.
The mechanism of positive feedback operates: if not curbed, then the
concentration of effort first leads to an explosion, followed by
dissipation.
Synergetic intellect explains phenomena through substantive reasoning.
The very substance (material or substrate) itself generating phenomena
through natural movement. In the Aristotle example, the cause of
sculpture is the block of marble from which it was made.
Social Sphere
¶
Vortical cognition developed into a unique intellectual paradigm that
was deemed later than all others to have social merit, despite it being
most akin to natural phenomena. It is known that in natural conditions,
all processes run in cycles. For example, in laissez-faire economies
operating on Adam Smith’s ‘invisible hand’ principle, natural cyclical
fluctuations in market supply and demand guide the natural equilibrium
prices of goods.
Studying biological evolution, Charles Darwin discovered its origin as a
struggle for existence against natural selection, and survival of the
fittest organisms. The main engine of this ‘evolution’, is involution
through events of random variation, which abruptly leave no intermediate
gradual links between appearances of species.
Biological self-organization is catalyzed by mutationsudden,
unpredictable changes in genetic material. Involution generates
pulsating chaos, as evolution simultaneously selects and propagates
useful mutations.
Following in the involutionary trend of Darwinism, the concept of
‘punctuated equilibrium’ emphasizes the discontinuous development of
species observed in nature. Authors Gould and Eldridge conclude from
this fact that smooth gradual evolution of species is impossible under
natural conditions. To survive, all organs must simultaneously be in
working order; there are no creatures present with half-fin wings,
half-hoof toes, etc. According to this theory, the lifetime of a species
is divided into two unequal stages of duration. The first stage is
stasis, long periods where no significant species change occurs. Then
the second stage, a time of fracture when the species is rapidly
converted into another form, or dies out.
In the 20th century, as I mentioned, the vortex idea was rediscovered
and Synergetics adopted its armament. The motto of Synergeticsorder
through fluctuation. Such fluctuations (local perturbations in the
system) are analogous to biological mutation. Order in the chaotic
evolution of complex socio-psychological systems, Socionics understands
through the law of quadra progression. However, we
Psychological Sphere
¶
This cognitive style imbues qualities of endurance and optimism to the
psyche. However, the psyche of Synergetics is less stable than that of
Holographers. Synergetic types are partially conditionable, but capable
of discarding undesired habits. For restoration of normal mental life
they need specific, and sometimes long periods of trial and error.
Depriving their life of continuous forward movement exerts a bad effect
upon their mind. Operating principle: As ambient momentum of
circumstance declines, their self-determination atrophies. Lack of
oncoming circumstantial pressures renders them increasingly worse off.
The best countermeasure in such situations is positive self-programming.
Consisting of forcing disturbing thoughts to the background and
dissolving them in positive scenarios.
IEI
before sleep visualizes a
pleasant scene to remove disturbing experiences of the day.
LIE
casts
a desirable goal in its imagination, optimistic it will eventually
acquire the necessary persons and resources.
ESE
simply does not think
about past mistakes and its mood is improved by itself.
SLI
is not the
first place puts a positive scenario and awaits the moment possible to
implement it.
It is often forgotten that the synergetic aspect of development makes
extended forecasts futile. American meteorologist Edward Lorenz
descriptively coined this phenomenon the ‘Butterfly Effect’. Where a
butterfly waving its wings in some part of America can, with specific
confluence of circumstances, induce a hurricane somewhere in Indonesia.
Complex nonlinear phenomena are unpredictable, because tiny initial
influences with time can lead to enormous consequences. In conventional
life, this same phenomenon is called the Domino Effect. Where the
initial fall of the first domino successfully entails catastrophe of the
series. The catalyzing action, whose event occurs on your will,
determines which of the scenarios will runoptimistic or pessimistic.
Scientific Sphere
¶
This cognitive form reflects the synergy formed by the current
worldview. Within this paradigm during the 18th century arose the
Kant-Laplace hypothesis about the vortex origin of the sun and planets
from cosmic dust.
The Synergetic paradigm is opposed to Creationism; the emergence of
complex systems explains spontaneous creation, not divine intervention.
A typical example from the history of science is biochemist A. I.
Oparin’s hypothesis on the emergence of life from inanimate matter in
the primordial ‘broth’ of Earth’s early existence, which was largely
confirmed in Stanley Miller’s famous 1953 experiment.
Also hailing from the Synergetic paradigm comes the outlook of Nikolai
Amosov. According to him it “explains the evolution of the world’s
self-organizing structures miracles can happen, but are of no practical
value.” He sincerely believes demonstrative simulations can be recreated
by computer models.
Synergetics recognize the critical role of chance and free will in
transitional moments of history. Synergetically-minded scholars
frequently consider alternative historical outcomes. British historian
Arnold J. Toynbee in particular, explored this twist on the course of
ancient historywhat if Alexander of Macedon did not die (pessimistic
version), how would the world have developed then (optimistic version)?
A real-life model of Synergetic cognition is the turbulent flow.
Turbulence is a liquid or gas flow, in which there is rapid mixing of
its moving layers. The behavior of such flows cannot be predicted.
Whereas the preceding laminar flow phrase exhibits clear regularities
deducible by Causal-Determinism.
Mathematical modeling of natural growth processes typically uses
exponential functions. Such functions describe geometric progressions,
rather than arithmetic values. Logarithmic (S-shaped) curves terminating
in saturation points are common in dynamic modeling. Implying that
self-organization is not omnipotent: after exceeding a certain limit, it
exhausts its own momentum. At which point it becomes necessary to either
yield to external structure, or create a new nexus of self-organization.
Synergetic types naturally select the latter.
Lev N. Gumilev offers a Synergetic account for involutions of
ethnogenesis in the birth, growth, and death process of societies.
Social systems dictate rules of selection for specific behaviors of
people. Charismatic-personalities (cranks, outcasts, dissenters)
engender a variety of diverse social mutations. Society holds them at
bay, until such time that it weakens for any reason (due to economic
crisis, internal wars, cultural stagnation, etc.). Afterwards, the
energy of a new order vigorously sweeps the decrepit system and begins
to grow in its place. But sooner or later, the new order itself will age
just the same and be forced to give way to an alternative system
ripening in its depths, and so forth.
Vortical cognition is hardest to convey to people of Algorithmic
cognition, since to them free choice and the game of chance opposes
teleology, fate, the special role of a creator, etc. When Synergetics
speak about the implicit order in chaos, if we translate their words to
the language of Socionics, they imply that Holographical cognition, with
its minimally convoluted ordering structures, is dual to the chaotic
vortex.
Conclusion
¶
What you focus attention on creates your subjective world. If you
concentrate attention on problems, then your world will be full of
obstacles. Focus on the positive side of the situation and it becomes
easier to live. Will reduce the scope of thought, come to the idea of
creator. You will enlarge, to believe in free will.
Socionics useful to formulate criterion for high-level professionals.
Average specialists analyze only the conditions of the problem, and
highly qualified only its method of solution. Anyone aware of their
own intellectual limitations can learn to overcome them, or better
yet, seek the aid of people which think in these forms already
because of their Sociotype. In any event, systematic work in this way
will increase efficiency of your intellect.
Quartet types, referred to as Supervision rings, are macro-model
internal information structures of the psyche. Perfecting this
structure is the first radical step in managing ever-increasing
volumes of data. The second step is to move to collective forms of
intellectual activity. All the complexity is to properly combine
these forms of thinking in a coherent group. Otherwise we are really
confronted with the end of the science, exhausted separately of all 4
basic paradigms established in the acclaimed book by J. Horgan [7].
Your thoughts will only firmly and without distortion penetrate
public consciousness if your quartet learns your POV. They indeed
think in the same form as you, but refract it through different kinds
of activity. Only after passing through all the regular stagesfrom
inception to development, debugging, and implementationcan an idea
be fully ushered into reality. No need to confine to quadra limits.
Real propagation occurs through the Supervision ring. Quadra is
important, but only a way-station along this path.
Thinking geniuses are most likely the ultimate version of
Dialectical-Algorithmic cognition. Its originality lies in free play
of mind, boundless imagination, and daring synthesis of contrasts.
Almost always, it accompanies negativity with respect to public
opinion. Often possesses a mystical streak. If Western typology
believes that brilliant thinkers belonged to a type, then in my
opinion it would be
EIE
. Unbalanced nervous system, hot and
restless heart, floods of idea associationsthis would be the
material from which nature sculpts geniuses.
Sources
¶
Alekseev AA, Gromova LA Do not get me pravilno6 or a book on how to
find your style of thinking, effective use of intellectual resources
and gain rapport with people. - St., School of Economics, 1993.
Gulenko VV Synthesis and antisintez polarities. Epistemological
dichotomy. Socionics, Mentology and personality psychology. - 1998. -
NN 5-6.
Gulenko VV, Tyshchenko VP Jung in school. Socionics - mezhvozrastnoy
pedagogy. Educational and methodical. allowance. - Novosibirsk:
Izdatel’stvo NGU, 1997.
Gulenko VV Man as a type system. The problem of diagnosing the ego
and persona. Socionics, Mentology and personality psychology. - 2000.
- N 6.
Robert A. Wilson. Quantum Psychology. Translated from English. Ed. J.
Nevstrueva. - K.: “Janus”, 1999.
Godefroy J. What is Psychology: In 2 Vols Volume 1: Ed. with the
French. - M.: Mir, 1996., Pp. 436.
Horgan J. The End of Science: A look at the limited knowledge in the
twilight of the Century of Science, Ed. from English. M. Zhukova. -
St.: Amphora, 2001.
Kapitsa SP, Kurdyumov SP, Synergetics and forecasts of the future.
Moscow: Nauka, 1997.
Gleick J. Chaos. Creating a new science, Ed. from English. M.
Nakhmanson, E. Wing. - St.: Amphora, 2001.
Examples
¶
This is not a formal part of the article.
This section contains examples of statements that have been collected
over time from various sources and that possibly reflect and illustrate
the workings of different cognitive styles.
‘’’Dialectical-Algorithmic Cognition (DA)
¶
EIE, ILI, SEI, LSE
“But I do think in complications and contingencies, and balance a lot
of conflicting possibilities in my mind all at once.” - EIE
“… my thinking style mostly consists of balancing opposites,
finding middle grounds and relative truths based on the relative
strength of opposing internal dispositions; when I’m under stress it
kind of feels like I’m walking a tight rope, trying to balance what’s
going on in my head. To me it feels like a constant balancing act of
my own internal tendencies for the things that I consider good and
evil, the things I consciously do to improve myself and the world and
my ability to promote my own vision of how I think things should be
vs. the evils I am compelled to do either by my own impulses that I
struggle to control or by circumstance. Everything I do is weighed on
these scales, every word that comes out of my mouth, every emotional
signal I send, every action I take, and the final outcome, what comes
out of me and goes into the world, is dependent on how the scales are
balancing inside me.” - EIE
“I have a horrible talent for entertaining and enhancing oppositions
in my mind. If two things don’t go together, I put them together in
my perceptions. And I get paralyzed or something. I’m basically nuts.
It’s that I really see how a thing and its opposite fit together,
locked up. And that can bring me a huge amount of pleasure, to see
that. The downside seems to be that I can’t … um, function. These
are gestalts. And so a good friend will come in with a nice hammer
and start breaking it into pieces.” - EIE
“The best I can represent it as would be something like a scale that
has weight being constantly poured onto it, and the ENFJ’s role is to
dictate where the weight falls in order to maintain proper balance. I
think it makes a lot of sense for Aristocratic EJs: rational
aristocracy is all about maintaining a social structure, so its
fitting that the Ejs have a style of thinking that supports their
role, one focused on “keeping things together.” The mental assumption
of Ej temperament is that everything is in motion, and that it should
be organized, and that energy needs to be exerted in order to
maintain organization; the Democrat Ejs (ENTjs) being the transition
point to aristocratic quadras, take a more generative role with
Vortex thinking, finding the right opportunity to promote cathectic
action; once the shift is made into an extant collective, the
Aristocratic Ejs (ENFjs) take on the role of holding everything
together once the opportunity to organize has been capitalized upon.” - EIE
“I wanted to set up a situation where there are hundreds of sentences
all of which are plausibly true to someone, but then in effect pose
the question “what do you do, how, for example, would you govern
given all these conflicting opinions?” - LSE, aristocratic EJ
“I feel like a triple-agent or a fence-sitter. … I don’t think I
switch sides so much as I’m thoroughly a part of both sides. In the
final battle, my friend and I will just be hitting ourselves.” - LSE
“All that we identify with in reality was all brought about by the
psychic current of introversion. Extraversion is like a
contra-density, a force of expansion and inflation that prevents the
complete nullification of all ideas and concepts, and the collapse of
all psychic energy in the universe into recursive introversion. It is
the mirror image of introversion in every respect, and has to be in
order to function as a perfect eternal balance giving rise to
infinite truths in infinite forms.” - ILI
“It’s challenging being a wife and a mother. It’s a paradox - a
paradox are when two opposites are true, and I’ve learned that my
life is full of mini-paradoxes, of much paradox. So being a wife and
a mother is probably one of the most extraordinary experiences and
the most fulfilling experiences in my life. But at the same time, it
has been very difficult to balance, being able to do the things that
I want to do and have the freedoms that I want to have, and also
being responsible for your brothers and your father. Im constantly
everyday trying to figure out that balance. Figuring out how to help
you fulfill your dreams, at the same time assisting Daddy and his
dreams, assisting your brothers and their dreams and then trying to
figure out what my dreams are. So every day when I wake up in the
morning and I go into meditation and I ask for guidance. I get
focused.” - ILI
“I tend to view myself in terms of certain attributes. Like for
example, I’m intelligent, foolish, amiable, distant, novelty-loving,
rut-oriented, independent, afraid of losing people, savor the moment,
and am pretty indolent. I have my moments, both ways. Sometimes at
the same time!” - SEI (notice the juxtaposition of the opposites)
“I suppose what I meant by grouping all these people in one thread is
that I think although they’re not the same type. Juxtaposing clearly
different individuals side by side helps me to see the psychology of
them. That’s probably super obvious to everyone but me, but for some
reason last night this was like a lame epiphany since usually when I
think of someone’s type I think of them alone, like an island, or
something.” - SEI
How DA and CD thinking styles complement each other, described by
ILE: “The way I look at CD logic and DA thinking is that they form a
state(static)-operator(dynamic) pairing. DA thinking provides the
algorithmic form. CD logic provides the variable which determines the
solution. So for function A(param X) {if X = b then Y else Z} DA
thinking provides the algorithmic form while CD thinking provides the
variable. By supply X, Y or Z is determined. I don’t create
if-then-else propositions. By supplying variables to pre-existing
functions, I determine the singular result.”
Tao Te Ching
by Lao-tzu exemplifies D-A thinking style. Notice the juxtaposition
of the opposites and numerous negativist, dynamic constructions. The
verses have a distinct back-and-forth rocking style.
“I’m not raging against socionics, do not see a point in that in the
first place. To me, it is the same, people who are against and people
who are for, same boat, different opinion but still same boat. If it
wasn’t some other scenario, those people wouldn’t be even here and
just said “meh”, and left. So they’re a part of the whole to me, a
cog, thinking they’re going to tinker with it and it is going to
sink. Well, true believers just tighten the screws seeing that and
balance is achieved. So you all can rage all you want, for and
against, for you all are wearing shackles that you put on yourself
willingly and enjoy it. For example: Subject A: Socionics is
bullshit, Subject B: Socionics is real: A+B = Socionics. Classic push
and pull. - LSE
Causal-Determinist Cognition (CD)
¶
LSI, SEE, ILE, EII
“I see flashes of instantaneous understanding of the cause and effect
of every possible action I could take at that very moment, and I
choose extremely quickly which one is the best choice.” - LSI
“There is like a flowchart in my mind. Every single possible if-then
statement is recorded and stored in my brain and I have an amazing
memory for it. My plans for the future can be written in C++ format
if I wanted. (If I get this job, I will stay for 6 months. Else I
will find a new job & work on my real estate liscence
simultaneously). When I was younger, interacting with people was a
huge flowchart for me, because I had no emotional intelligence (and
it is debatable if I still do). I would make a complete flowchart in
my mind so I could control the interaction and know exactly how a
person was going to react so I wouldn’t get my feelings hurt. For
example, I would plan an entire interaction in my mind, “I’m going to
say “hi, how are you?” her possible responses will be: nothing,
something non-commital, and something engaging. If the person says
nothing, I will try again and stop conversation if they don’t
respond. If the person says something non-committal, I’ll leave. If
the person says something engaging, I will start such-and-such topics
of conversation with him or her: X, Y, Z.” - LSI
How DA and CD thinking styles complement each other, described by
ILE: “The way I look at CD logic and DA thinking is that they form a
state(static)-operator(dynamic) pairing. DA thinking provides the
algorithmic form. CD logic provides the variable which determines the
solution. So for function A(param X) {if X = b then Y else Z} DA
thinking provides the algorithmic form while CD thinking provides the
variable. By supply X, Y or Z is determined. I don’t create
if-then-else propositions. By supplying variables to pre-existing
functions, I determine the singular result.”
“If one asks how one’s mind works, he notices areas where it is
(perhaps incorrectly) understood, that is, where one recognizes
rules. One sees other areas where he lacks rules. One could fill this
in by postulating chance or random activity. But this too, by another
route, exposes the self to the same indignity of remote control. We
resolve this unpleasant form of M** by postulating a third part,
embodying a will or spirit or conscious agent. But there is no
structure in this part; one can say nothing meaningful about it,
because whenever a regularity is observed, its representation is
transferred to the deterministic rule region. The will model is thus
not formed from a legitimate need for a place to store definite
information about one’s self; it has the singular character of being
forced into the model, willy-nilly, by formal but essentially
content-free ideas of what the model must contain.” - LSI or ILE
“I think here lies the problem with the system. There has been no
consistent principle put forth in the past five years, of how the
system actually works. Frankly I thought Socionics was a good theory
until baseless arguments begin on how the system works.” - LSI
“This is why socionics is so confusing. For some people it means one
thing, for another something else. There needs to be a set
description with no chance for uncertainty.” - LSI, (People of types
with C-D style of thinking seem to experience the most difficulty
learning socionics, perhaps because some of basic axioms of socionics
have never been clearly stated. The high levels of ambiguity embedded
in socionics present a challenge to C-D thinkers in attempting to
grasp it. V. Gulenko has also made a comment that socionics is easier
to grasp for Result types, which rely on VS or HP thinking styles.)
Vortical-Synergetic Cognition (VS)
¶
IEI, LIE, ESE, SLI
“But the best way to do it is - to make discoveries - is to make
short imperfect experiments. Don’t worry about taking notes, in most
cases, but just try things out. Shove nature around a little bit.
Disturb it. Disturb an organism, disturb a small system and find out
- to see if anything happens. And if it does, you might be on the
edge of an important breakthrough, and then you sit down and devise
experiments and take notes.” - SLI
“We are drowning in information, while starving for wisdom. The world
henceforth will be run by synthesizers - people able to put together
the right information at the right time, think critically about it,
and make important choices wisely.” - SLI
Tim Harford’s TED talk
- SLI, his
presentation demonstrates the trial-and-error intrinsic to VS
cognitive style
“My thinking is alike mucking about in puddles - randomized, but
following some sort of direction. Playing some music, my head clicks
together properly and thoughts come into focused torrents. Headwise,
I live in a world of organized chaos.” - IEI
“I love to deconstruct complex concepts, organize ideas, form
conclusions or arguments by looking at it through several different
lenses. I love that “Aha!” moment when everything clicks together for
me.” - IEI, forum poster
“To be blunt, I arrived at this typing out of gestalt. Since I know
myself better than anybody else, and since I am the common
denominator in all of my inter-type relations, my self typing becomes
the focal point around my understanding of socionics coalesces.
Imagining myself to be different types is akin to playing around with
the focus on a pair of binoculars. Everything comes out blurry at all
focal settings other than this one. At this point, everything snaps
into focus and I am taken aback by how well socionics premises appear
to jive with my own experiences. Every other focal setting produces a
jumbled mess of incoherence from which nothing of value can be
gleaned.” - IEI
“Sometimes the connections and perceptions in my mind are so abstract
there are no words to explain. A lot of times I just know something
and cant explain it - a premonition thats hard to articulate. If
its strong I usually say something or explore where its coming
from, but I will keep it to myself if people dont seem to
understand. Informed decisions require lots of information and
looking at a situation from as many different points of view as
possible. I find it amusing, the absurdity in everyday situations.” -
IEI
“Vortex thinking believes the system is not perfectly counter
balanced, and the connections of all the data imply the value of an
unknown variable (all the information points toward its value). The
value of the variable is what brings the system back into balance.
That’s why vortex thinking is opportunistic. Vortex thinking is
searching for something.” - IEI
Videos exemplifying the search for attractors:
Lorenz Attractor Simulation
,
Exploring Strange Attractors
.
“You imply that nature intends something. That’s just you projecting
your own human notions unto something that’s utterly inhuman in every
way. There is no natural equilibrium, no balanced system that we’re
parts of. There is no thought behind it. Nature is purposeless,
mindless, violent, self consuming chaos, only it’s so slow we barely
notice it. It does not “hint” and it does not “intend” us to
reproduce. We’re completely meaningless results of a 4 billion long,
automatic and completely mindless process of small random changes and
sifting by natural selection. Whatever purpose you see here is made
up by you.” - LIE
“Sometimes the time gap in between Point A and Point B is so far in
between that it allows me to think of all the things I could have
improved upon to have a better point B (interestingly enough while
this is happening my mind is also hovering over Point C). It’s this
point that I begin spiraling as the immensity of all the ways I could
have made it better weighs on my shoulders. Somewhere in that chaos,
the thought of “OMG I’m running out of time” crosses, until of course
one settles. An epiphany hits and BAM you realize, “You’re way ahead
in time and all things are falling into place (not perfect as
envisioned) but they are aligning as you’ve imagined.” At this point,
I think Point B is just about to meet you face-to-face at the exact
moment you’ve predicted and Point C is already peaking over in the
horizon.” - LIE
Alan Watts on
harnessing the power of nature
.
An
MMO game
likely
incepted by someone with V-S cog-style
Visual illustration of VS cognition
in music video
Holographical-Panoramic Cognition (HP)
¶
SLE, ESI, LII, IEE
“Art is the elimination of the unnecessary” - SLE
“Why the hell would I need to think about reasons? If I got them, I
do stuff; if I don’t, I might do stuff just the same. Oftentimes the
conclusion would be the same either way, but I get there faster if I
just chop out a large bulk, if not all, of the deliberation.” - IEE
“When shit hits the fan, I stop all thinking and just do a bunch of
stuff, and then everything turns out awesome. Seems I’m most
comfortable when all hell is breaking loose.” - IEE
“There are two aspects to any person: essence and behavior. Typology
based on behavior improves with complexity: the more dichotomies you
come up with, the more accurate it is. On the other side, typology
based on essence strives for simplicity: it’s about reducing
personality to its minimal expression. There is no limit about how
far you can go about complexity and this is why there are so many
behavioral typological systems. But simplicity has a limit and that
limit is probably Socionics.” - IEE
“I never over analyze the things that people say or do - I feel like
people’s intentions are always very clear to me.” - ESI
“I don’t really focus on what they’re doing or why. It’s just not
important to me. I’ll meet someone for the first time and pay hardly
any attention to what they’re doing, tbh. Usually people say the
wrong things or look awkward at first because they’re nervous, shy,
or just not open to me yetI’m not going to analyze the things they
say. It just isn’t of much significance to me. However, I do tend to
gather impressions of people when I first meet them, but it’s by
observing something else.
I suppose you could call it a person’s
undertone? Like if you meet some girl who acts extroverted and
bubbly, it’s not hard for me to look past that and see one general
face to hera more solid, internal, static thing that serves as a
core despite her outward expressions.
I guess it’s like spotting
depression in someone even if they act like they’re on top of the
world. And yeah, if I do meet someone that looks like they’re acting
against who they are, it feels obvious to me. That sort of impression
tends to last too, and I’ll wonder if they’ll ever start showing who
[I think] they are. And even though I’m not going to really judge
them for it, I still can’t get over the sense of internal friction
they give off, and I feel like I can’t get close to people like that.
I do trust my impressions, though. How I feel about them can and
probably will change over time, but who I think they are pretty much
stays the same.” - ESI
“Lets say that you are in a room that has no walls, no floor, and no
roof. This room is completely free of conventional rules except for
those of your own choosing, rules such as gravity for example. In
this room, the focus of your attention is an object that you are
dissecting or even expanding upon. You don’t have to come into direct
contact with the object in order to move it in anyway. However, you
choose to view the object will allow you to view in this way. You
could choose to inverse the object in anyway shape or form to
accurately/properly analyze it from your desired perspective.” - LII
“My frame of perception is constantly shifting, or I’m layering one
on top of the other.” - LII
“Ne delves into possible realities. First, a schema appears before
the mind’s eye, then the facts are filled in depending on the
context, but the facts are never given value. There is no seeking of
facts for their own sake.” - LII
LII’s explanation of HP thinking: “It is above all stable. Where
Positive/Process strives for impact, Negative/Result strives for
control. It involves a kind of sluggish maneuverability where the
person has the ability to quickly change course while at the same
time not making a lot of movements. The best analogy for this is a
kind of kung-fu fighter that stands still and only steps out of the
way when the opponent throws a punch at him. The above goes for the
EPs as much as it goes for the IJs. Negative/Result EP types (ESTp,
ENFp) can look a little IJ’ish for this reason. Their level of
volatility/abruptness is lower than that of ENTp and ESFp. …
Negative/Result/Static is about simply not acting. Positioning
yourself strategically and waiting until the right moment to move
arrives. This is not multitasking so much as it is simply being
ready. … Negative/Result is all about reaching that state of
familiarity where a very relaxed kind of control is possible, but one
needs to make a big effort to get there - slow to understand, but
very relaxed control once familiar with the topic.”
“I just started writing the script and kept writing, and it evolved
and evolved. Its like filling in a crossword puzzle. You know that
word has got to be abracadabra, right? Because theres no other word
it can be until you get halfway through and you see that the word
down the middle has a P in the middle of abracadabra and there is no
P. So therefore, one of them has to be wrong. They cant both be
right. And the same thing is true about structuring a drama. You go
along and say, “I know this has got to happen at the end of the
second act,” until you realize youve spent two years, and it doesnt
work. So somethings wrong. Either the first and third acts are wrong
or the second act is wrong. How am I going to fix it? The structure
is the whole thing getting the movie to eat up 15 lines on a sheet
of paper so you can write it.” - SLE (This quote illustrates the
problem solving aspect of negativist H-P thinking. It is similar to
the above quote by an LII - the SLE likewise sees his puzzle as a
whole picture, then he simply proceeds to fill in the blanks and work
out the particulars, since for Result/Involutionary types, the
thinking flows
from general outlook to specifics
.)
“Well, you cant help but make a distinct movie. If you give yourself
up to the form, its going to be distinctively your own because the
forms going to tell you whats needed. Thats one of the great
things I find about working in drama is youre always learning from
the form. Youre always getting humbled by it. Its exactly like
analyzing a dream. Youre trying to analyze your dreams. You say, I
know what that means; I know exactly what that means; why am I still
unsettled? You say, Let me look a little harder at this little
thing over here. But thats not important; thats not important;
thats not important. The part where I kill the monster thats the
important part, and I know that means my father this and that. But
what about this little part over here about the bunny rabbit? Why is
the bunny rabbit hopping across the thing? Oh, thats not important.
Making up a drama is almost exactly analogous to analyzing your
dreams” - SLE (From main article: “According to Aristotle,
Holographic cognition corresponds to explanation by structural or
formative causes. Aristotle called it the structure of form.
Returning to the sculptor example, the cause of the sculpture is its
latent form, which the sculptor merely sets free by cutting away
excess marble.”) |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/ILE_gulenko.html | ILE Profile by Gulenko¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
ILE Profile by Gulenko
¶
General description
¶
The ILE (ENTp) is adept at seeing distant prospects. Inventive: always has numerous ideas and new projects. Indiscriminately interested in everything in hopes of finding something unique. Depreciates past achievements. Works on what is of interest to him, even if it doesn’t guarantee any real returns.
ILE is rather scattered and inattentive - often loses small items. May spend a lot of time thinking to himself and looking for regularities in phenomena. His logic seems paradoxical to others. He is not afraid to go against conventional opinions, if he considers them outdated. Tries to make major breakthroughs and discoveries.
He is yielding in matters of everyday life and needs. Will actively resist any attempts to subordinate himself to routine or a strict schedule. Despite the fact that he is busy looking for alternatives to conventional mundane life, in difficult situations he often shows impressive ingenuity and hastiness. He cannot be reasoned with with the language of force.
ILE does not feel well interpersonal distances i.e. how close or far he is with someone. He often tries to be equally friendly to everyone. Ensures that his conversation partner expresses an interest for what he has to say. In communication, ILE is accessible and democratic. Absolutely needs periodic emotional shake-ups and upheavals; his mood is depressed within routine.
Detailed description
¶
Has a variety of interests, gets interested almost in everything in hopes of finding something unique and original. Clearly sees the promise of new ideas and projects. Quickly rejects ideas that have proven to be futile and switches to something new. Often has hobbies that are not related to his main occupation. Strives to collect all discoveries and innovations on a problem or question that is of interest to him. Persistent and expansive in dissemination of his own developments. To “light up” with an idea he needs to make it “his own”. Generates bold, alternative ideas on any topic he is faced with. If the business or work that he has to occupy himself don’t interest him, will give it a completely new turn. Can offer many applications for an invention or discovery. Poorly tolerates routine and shackles of tradition.
Seeks to explore and explain complex topics or phenomena for which there aren’t yet any definitive concepts or logical theories. Compares different systems to each other. Clarifies relationships between different schemes or structures. It’s important for him to find causal relationships between specific aspects and the overall general scheme. If an idea doesn’t match the compiled by him design, he is able to change it and present it in such a way that it will fit into the needed framework. Performs complex analysis of any problem, analyzing it from several sides. Explains in what situations or cases one or another aspect of it works. Builds his structures alike a construction toy, putting them together from already available components or parts. Connects interesting observations or conclusions to his own theories. Seeks to find one comprehensive explanation to disparate phenomena.
By nature he is not aggressive, but will actively defend his way of life and his ideas. Boisterously reacts to any attempts to subordinate him to unreasonable, in his view, limitations or rules. If volitional pressure is exerted on him, he immediately goes on a brief, but very strong counter-attack. While at this, he grows so excited that for a period of time loses control over his own actions. Although he can respond to a challenge, he doesn’t endure prolonged confrontation, because he cannot keep himself in a mobilized state for a long time. Therefore, he avoids direct confrontations.
Interacts with other people at short psychological distances. Evaluates relations by level of their democratism. The less there is of formalism and ceremoniousness, the better for him. Can be quite inconsistent in relations with his family and friends. At first he is democratic down to familiarity, then suddenly stern and unapproachable, as if they are strangers. In a conversation tries to get all attention of a conversation partner. May gesticulate avidly, speak in a loud tone, fiddle with some object in his hands, and even touch his conversation companions. Can selflessly provide assistance to people who come to him for his help. He finds it very difficult to introduce damaging notes into his relationships by denying a person a chance to communicate with him. Feels his own connectedness and responsibility through his relationships with other people. Does not hesitate to share his personal problems with others. Inclined to discuss particularities of people’s behavior or lifestyle.
Often uncertain in assessing physical qualities of objects. May stare with a studying gaze, try to touch, to smell. To get a sense of taste of food or beverages needs to try out a considerable portion. Easily spends not concerning with saving or stocking up. Places his own convenience in the first place. Doesn’t give any attention to organization and order around himself. Leaves things where he has last used them, then spends much time looking for them. Interested in topics of health and sickness. If he gets sick, may take higher doses of medication, seek radical treatments. However, does not take up daily preventative measures. Maintains his vitality by using external stimulants. His external appearance is often sloppy, untidy. Wears clothes poorly, it quickly wears out. Dislikes changes in the surrounding environment when he is used to it. Conservative in his tastes and everyday habits.
Loves company, parties, emotional communication. If he’s not charged by positive emotions, remains in a lazy apathetic state for a long time. Always ready for an active exchange of opinions and views, interesting debates and arguments. To emotion responds with emotion, thus it’s important not to overdo it with the degree of engagement, else in a gust of inspiration he will forget the starting point of disagreement. If he’s in an emotionally excited state, he talks rapidly and chaotically. His thoughts begin to overtake their expression in words, and from this his speech becomes unintelligible. Occasionally has sharp changes of mood. Noise, humor, activity, cheerfulness alternate with depression and uncommunicability.
Constantly tracks the amount of available time. Hurries others, but disposes of his own time and the time of other people as he sees it fit. Not seldom runs late or forgets his promises to do something by an agreed deadline. At times he is fussing around, and other times acting with emphasized leisureliness. He cannot attain an average pace of life. Lives by his own understanding of time. Has a tendency to start discussions on questions that interest him at a time that is inconvenient to others, but himself won’t listen to something that is not said to the occasion. Can predict trends and future developments based on the most recent turn of events. Expresses an interest in catastrophes, natural disasters, massive losses and deaths, and other life-changing events.
Has good command of techniques of parallel actions. Can launch and take care of several different on-going processes simultaneously, aiming to combine the maximum of functions. In monetary sphere of business, shows acumen, starts up many things at once, tries to keep track of them. But often suffers from incompleteness and ineffectiveness. Likes to command others around, to give them assignments. Needs objects of influence that he could move around and reposition at his own will. From small business venture follows a larger one, that for its realization requires major expenditures of energy. Great experimenter and adjuster of unique equipment. Effective in the sphere of new advanced technologies. Discovered ideas aims to apply into practice.
Manner of communication
¶
The ILE cannot keep the right distance in communication for long; first, he is friendly with a person, then, conversely, he is hostile and demonstrates a poor relation. He is undiscerning in people’s attitudes towards himself, thus often makes mistakes in striking up friendships, acquaintances, and romantic ties. In interaction often behaves unceremoniously, may tactlessly intervene in a conversation, likes staring with a studying gaze while not considering other people’s reactions. Rarely admits his own guilt. Even if he formally apologizes continues to behave as he did before. Puts forward far-going but often unrealistic within the circumstances plans. After a while forgets about them, then offers completely different, not logically related to the previous suggestions plans that are no less grand. Dismissive towards past achievements. Interested in and likes to talk about anything extraordinary and unusual from any fields of interest. Attracted to all the newest far-reaching theories: psychics, yoga, aura - everything that cannot be explained in terms of logic and common sense. Cannot explain his ideas logically, for they are always intuitive and vague in nature. Most people cannot understand them, they either believe or don’t believe in them. Likes giving advice on how to get out of a difficult situation; with this often offers radical solutions.
Features of behavior
¶
The main defining feature of ILE’s behavior with which one can confidence identify belonging to this sociotype - is significant scatterdness. The ILE is inclined to leave things where he/she has previously used them. Often loses small objects (such as keys). At his workplace and in his personal belongings there is often somewhat of a mess. Forgets what has already been done and what remains to be done. Despite this, can show the necessary resourcefulness and ingenuity in everyday affairs, drawing from everything even a smallest benefit or favor. This activity in spirit of recombination is similar to the character of Ostap Bender, due to which some may consider him to be clever and elusive. This quality is much less pronounced in the intuitive subtype. He cannot do many things at once at a fast pace, and delays carrying out uninteresting work to the last moment. Finding himself in situations where there isn’t enough time to think through all the steps inspires and activates him: all the work and chores that have accumulates he does in a short period of time, through the quality of work suffers through this.
Another characteristics feature of ILE’s behavior: mobilization in extreme situations. If someone exerts volitional pressure on him, the ILE immediately switches to a counter-attack; with this, his response might be stronger. Things may even progress to use of physical force in such situations. Another characteristic of this sociotype: introduction to any case, activity, or business that he’s involved in, an element of irrationality, disorder, chaos, negation. This is most clearly seen in cases of already firmly formed groups with strict discipline. This, for him, happens creatively: by destroying - he creates. Around him start to gather supporters of his far-reaching intuitive ideas. In extreme cases, this may manifest as a real “attack on windmills” - a kind of open challenge without any real chances for a change.
Appearance
¶
From outward signs of ILE, the ones that first draw attention are his figure and vertical posture. Frequently ILE’s figure is long and thin; parts of the body are also elongated, which is particularly evident in the length of legs and fingers. However, if the type has accentuated logical component, then this is not as expressed. ILE’s posture is often somewhat hunched, with a forward curvature in the upper body in the manner of the Latin letter “S”; the head, however, does not seem tilted forward. Often, the ILE has a protruding or elongated nose that draws attention. Sometimes it gives the impression that he is trying to smell something out. During conversation, the ILE likes to twirl something in his hands, for example, a pen or pencil, and often breaks it. When he is walking or enthusiastically talking about something, he gesticulates and waves his hands around as if a windmill. If this type has accentuated intuitive component, then the external features are somewhat different. Intuitive ILE has a receding chin that gently merges into neck, smaller nose, as well as a protruding upper jaw. The intuitive subtype is also not as quick in movements as the logical subtype. ILE’s eyes often seem blurry, as if they are looking through a mist or haze, poorly recognizing what’s happening around. This look seems cold, lacking in emotion or passion. Regarding clothing should be said that due to particularities of ILE’s figure, clothes on this person almost always doesn’t sit well: it sags, slips, loses buttons, etc. This is more prominent with more accentuated intuitive component.
As a subordinate
¶
Strengths
Well-developed learning-oriented thinking. Erudite, inquisitive, reads a lot and remembers it. Has developed intuition, that helps him to make the right decision. Sees well the prospects of ideas and activities. May find an unexpected solution to a problem where others couldn’t see it, based on analysis of a large amount of diverse information and its consideration as if from an external point of view, intuitively. Willingly gives advice on how to get out of difficult situations. Can process vague ideas into a theory with forms of a system. Structuralist and classifier. Can be quite insistent and stubborn. Often has good organizational skills in the areas of principally novel approaches. Part places work above family and personal relations. Democratic, dislikes deference before rank.
Problem areas
Poorly tolerates strict regulation and routine work. Can’t live according to a strict schedule. Is rather disorganized: getting distraction by interesting details sometimes doesn’t have enough time to do the main assignment by the deadline. Can talk besides the subject matter, depart into his own thoughts. Has difficulty maintaining organization and order in his work and at his workplace. Can allow for errors in maintaining documentation. Doesn’t always take care of his appearance. Sometimes is naive and too trusting. Due to his enterprising spirit, on the one hand, and the inability to compromise - on the other, has difficulty establishing conflict-free relations with other people. At times he is stubborn, unyielding, even aggressive, especially when he is being pressured. Can with aplomb try to prove his own correctness if he is convinced of it.
From him one cannot demand and expect:
Practicality of inceptions and ideas;
Punctuality and diligence;
Consistency and completeness;
Constant order at home and in the workplace;
Quality in carrying out routine work;
Ability to smoothly adapt to the conversation partner.
Recommended occupations: If possible, it is best to give the ILE a free and flexible work schedule. It is desirable that the work is interesting to him and provides him with diversified experiences. An activity in which he is independent of others, self-sufficient, would be optimal for him. The ILE enjoys working with large volumes of diverse (preferably interesting for him) information. The best application of his interest is in the research and innovation fields. He can carry out theoretical development in areas that are strategic - that entail fundamental changes. In general, this is a mobile, dynamic person who likes changes in impressions and experiences, thus he would be happy to carry out mobile work, travel, go on business trips.
As a supervisor
¶
Representative of this sociotype is able to grasp the general overview of events of his life, not losing broadness of perspective and not getting lost in small details. This person has a clear idea of the likely direction of events and isn’t disconcerted if problems come up. Can break off from tradition as he feels a need for change. Has a lighthearted approach to ideas and prefers innovative solutions.
Supervisor-creator
He is able to earn respect of his colleagues by originality of his thinking and ability to see something new, as well as tackling problems that may seem unsolvable or risky. May pose a problem in such a way that it interests and attracts other people. Prefers to lead not by volitional administrative approach, but by methods of persuasion. Builds relations with members of his team on basis of voluntary submission on their part. The wishes of manager of this type are often perceived as orders.
Supervisor-creator encourages novel trends, developments, and techniques in any business. Routine matters, including monitoring and instruction of new workers, lie beyond his attention. The main thing - is to find supporters who would take on the practical implementation of the idea. Compensates for the lack of control by delegating authority and responsibility. Aims to achieve high performance and great results by encouraging group work, setting priorities in resolving problems, stimulating independent analysis, and by recognition of significant factors of work towards future prospects.
Such management in practice leads to destruction of old organizational structures and creation of new structures, that are adapted to changes in conditions or to resolution of some existing problems. Therefore, this style of leadership is not always suitable for fields of production. It is more acceptable in research and scientific activities, and not at all suitable for army.
Supervisor of this type is inclined to solve problems collectively, giving everyone a chance to speak. However, if the arguments of the opposing side seem unconvincing, he will spare no effort to prove otherwise. Seeks to work with those people who support his ideational position and share his vision of the future. If necessity arises, he is able to compete with others: successfully in the realm of ideas that requires polemical intensity, and less successfully in purely organizational matters. In his relations with others tends to be objective and adhere to the principles of justice. On occasion may react inadequately in a dispute. Quickly calms down once he makes sure that there is no personal agenda motivating counter actions.
Main characteristics:
Better at solving strategic problems.
Can adequately realize himself as a frontal leader.
In making business contacts orients by objective criteria.
Business activity is focused on seeing potential and prospects, and overcoming obstacles on the way of reaching it.
System of interaction with employees is built on basis of principles of democracy and collegiality; focus is at personal initiative and activity.
Shows collaborating style of behavior with elements of competitiveness.
Achieves great results through seeing potential of employees. Emotional angle of relations is of little significance to him.
Adheres to ethical principles in business. Adapts to different “rules of the game”.
Motives and purpose: prestige is of significant importance, as well as satisfaction of intellectual needs.
Attitude towards the law: wishes to act within the framework of law, which can be interpreted rather broadly.
Strategy: complete freedom from control, rejection of dogma.
Working conditions
¶
The impetus for ILE’s work is orientation at originality. It is necessary that work is interesting to him and provides him with opportunities for personal growth and self-development. Even better if his work is research-related and one-of-a-kind within its field development. Assigning this type of work to ILE, it is necessary to convey to him that only he can carry it out due to his intelligence, knowledge, insightfulness, and originality. After completion, praise him in the same manner, taking note of his exceptional abilities. Then try to quickly find new, more interesting work for him, because once sense of novelty is lost the ILE quickly loses interest in his tasks and assignments. If the ILE hasn’t finished something, hasn’t done his assignment as was intended or planned, or completed work of poor quality (this is often true of physical, routine parts of his job), it’s best to “close your eyes” on this and to entrust the further operational development to another specialist. The ILE is not able to constantly take care of his appearance and health; this tends to slip by his attention. It’s best if someone else takes care of setting up and supplying his work place, pays attention to his condition and helps him to improve it. Such treatment relaxes him and reduces his agitation and tension. The ILE can be activated by: gentle humor aimed at him, light banter and jokes, unobtrusive questions designed to draw his attention to himself.
Recommendations for self-improvement
¶
Your forte is, undeniably, well-developed learning-oriented thinking. Often, various interesting and promising ideas come to your mind. You are able to see the general essence of events and anticipate how they will unravel further. Your developed intuition helps you to make the right decisions. You read a lot and are interested in all that is new and unusual. But therein lies a certain danger of scattering your interests and losing the main interest that defines you as a person.
The instrument for the realization of your intuitive ideas and guesses is logic. You seek to rationalize your ideas and thereby convince people around you in the correctness of these ideas. Due to this quality, similar-minded people gather around you. You are the enemy of all that is stagnant and outdated. In this lies the danger of a stance of total nihilism. Your main problem is the inability to properly understand the relationships between people. It is especially difficult for you to assess the true attitudes towards yourself.
Once you have intuitively figured out a person, he or she is no longer interesting for you. You don’t know what to do with this person next. This can work to make people dislike you. You also don’t see your true enemies and opposition. Try not to jump to conclusions in your assessment of people around you. To make such assessments, try to orient yourself by people’s objective, observable actions. Then you will be able to figure out the people who are unfriendly, antagonistic, and unsympathetic towards yourself.
You have a difficulty establishing stable, positive relations with people who are close to you. You can accidentally be tactless and disrupt the established harmonious relations. Try to hold back on your immediate reaction towards the various statements or actions of a person who is close and dear to you.
The following recommendations may also be useful to you. Don’t get carried away with excessive democratism, which inconspicuously for you may meld into unneeded familiarity. This could undermine your credibility and your authority. Exercise more tact in your behavior to not shock people with your honesty and straightforwardness. By this you can acquire ill-wishers, without aiming for it yourself.
Another one of your problems is inability to be organized and low self-discipline. Due to this, you lose track of daily chores and upkeep tasks, which may result in disruption of events and future plans that you had in mind. Try to take care of things in timely manner.
If you are the supervisor or manager at work, try not to slip into excessive exercises of your will. Avoid pressuring of your employees unnecessarily. Know where to draw the line. Such an inadequate response can you put into a ridiculous position. Switch your energy into taking up sports, to allow it an outlet. This will raise your vitality, improve your well-being and endurance. You’ll become more collected and disciplined. |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/profile_filatova.html | Socionics Type Descriptions by Filatova¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Socionics Type Descriptions by Filatova
¶
ILE (Don Quixote)
¶
Intuitive-Logical Extrovert
ILE ENTp (Ne,Ti) Don Quixote (Inventor)
To the ILE the world is full of riddles, which conceal unusual
possibilities. By solving these he learns of their embodied
possibilities, which capably aid him in the creation of
fundamentally new logical concepts.
Description of the Strong Functions:
Ne Program function.
ILE possesses an inextinguishable interest in
the new and unusual, which promise to provide him with gripping
prospects and possibilities in the future. The greater such
possibilities are, the more they will interest the ILE. His interest
flashes instantly, causing him to dip boundlessly into a new area of
activity, but just as quickly his interest towards the subject may cool
if it doesnt seem to promise anything in the long-range.
He is exceptionally creative, constantly in search of the best way to
realize his abilities. His greatest enemy is someone who will not allow
him to realize himself, a person that tries to crush his sincere
enthusiasm with things such as routine work. ILE also wonderfully sees
the potential possibilities in the people that surround him. He pushes
others towards disclosing their abilities; he inspires them, before them
revealing prospects one more brilliant than another. His approaches do
not take heed of the established norms, nor does he hesitate in
overthrowing them, with ease he tosses the old aside where theyve
become obsolete. The ILEs behavior may frequently appear to be
unpredictable, even chaotic. This is because his indefatigable
inquisitiveness is subordinated by moments of illumination such
moments provide the occasion needed for him to immediately act. When not
inspired by such moments he willingly spends his time with others where
hell find meaning in whatever activity he partakes in.
Ti Creative function.
The ILEs ability to think represents his
strong side. In solving problems he always attempts to see the
connection between the specific problem and the general situation; he
tries to estimate his response on the basis of general consideration. If
he estimates the essence/root, then the logical description becomes
obvious; consequences derive themselves from their general conformity
with the laws.
In work he is attracted to the development of strategic tasks, but not
to the scrupulous study of fine details. The ILEs principal difficulty
is to settle down and concentrate on one area [of study/work]. To do
this he needs to have a genuine need or especially strong interest.
After regarding and studying all of the data, which interests him, he is
able to conclude facts where others havent, and to create a generalized
theory of nature.
When only one aspect of his work fascinates him it sometimes occurs that
he will inadequately perceive the situation. In such cases he will be
defeated. However, this does not overly distress him: he can rapidly
move away from an unsuccessful enterprise and direct himself towards
anything new.
The ILE usually does not attempt to plan his activities in advance, but
in a crisis situation he is capable of concentrating, of finding the set
of variants for overcoming the deadlock, he knows how to yield to panic.
ILE is able to inspire others with his enthusiasm, he may promise much
but he is not always able to follow through: this is not because he
refuses to acknowledge his shortcomings but because his euphoric, and
enthusiastic, states may lead him to overestimate the possibilities of a
new idea.
His basic interest often lies within the sphere of natural sciences, but
is not excluded from humanitarian activity. If the idea of something
suddenly lights up, in his mind, he will offer leisure time to it. He
frequently varies the course of his life, from one profession to
another.
He finds it difficult to subordinate himself to routine, to strictly
regulate his work conditions; his impulsiveness may lead him to conflict
with the authorities. However, should he find work that quenches the
thirst of his creativity, he is able to bring himself to exhaustion
whilst at the same time deriving great pleasure from his work.
Physical work may also inspire him, especially when it gives him the
chance to comprehend something new, to discover the unexpected sides of
his abilities. The possibility of learning something is sometimes more
important than the eventual result.
Description of the Weak Functions:
Fi Vulnerable function.
The ILE feels nervously in the sphere of
human relations. He usually interprets his relations badly, therefore he
allows relations to develop with care, he waits until he learns
something for sure rather than assuming. Thus he behaves with restraint
in front of people he doesnt know.
He cannot always discern the state of another person; he may therefore
offend others in the manner by which he expresses what hes discovered
for he doesnt seem to take into account others feelings in regards to
the situation. But this is never the consequence of evil intent, envy or
arrogance. ILE simply believes that he is speaking about something
objectively, and that the truth will not offend anyone
ILE places vast value on the decency of a person. The criterion of
decency, as a rule, is overstated. If someone seeks his company he
assumes that mutual respect exists. He strongly suffers offense and
injustice. He will not reconcile with others, unless the offender
apologizes before him.
ILE frequently has a wide circle of friends. He loves to consider
different problems with them. They, alongside reading, radio and
television, provide him with an excellent source of information.
Se Role function.
ILE usually prefers not to exert volitional
pressure in his actions.
An exception to this case is when another person desires to use him for
their own purposes, to force him into some activities. In such a
situation he will give energetic resistance, decisively defending
himself from anothers pressure. In protecting himself he can often
manifest his hot temper and impatience.
In regards to everything concerning health, and the organization of
household conveniences, ILE requires anothers guardianship. He rarely
takes the effort to disturb his dwelling place, whether to organize or
cause disorder. He will only episodically arrange and/or dismantle
things if they prevent him from living and working.
The organization of his financial situation usually leaves much to be
desired. It often occurs that he does not live within his means; he
immediately spends everything he earns. But his ingenuity is always
sufficient in finding the new possibility to earn and/or acquire money.
ILE at Work and in the Home:
As a boss ILE is especially good at strategic questions, the ability to
see the distant prospect in regards to the selected direction of work.
He attempts to garner the attention of subordinates, to fascinate them
with the grandeur of tasks, to gather adherents around him. He prefers
not to enforce strict rules, to give others freedom. To do this he
accurately discerns the abilities of each member of the collective. He
gives them a detailed study/outline of the project for when those above
him fail to do so he becomes impatient.
In an office of position ILE is capable of manifesting persistence, he
is able to deal with a coworker that badly manages their work, however,
in such a case he doesnt let power get to his head, there is no
arrogance or egotism.
The ILE is very sociable, however, he is not always able to create a
successful family. He does not really understand the feeling of love.
Love seems to occur outside of his control. Although it occurs that
during life he may never be the one rejected or abandoned by another,
even women of this psycho-type rarely agree to completely dedicate
themselves to family.
Although he feels the strong need for the heat of contact with another,
his weakness in the emotional-sensory areas does not often permit him to
take initiative into his own hands.
Summary of Functions:
Possesses an inextinguishable interest in the entirely new, which promises him with gripping prospects and possibilities. He readily puts to use any information source. He knows how to foresee the consequences of large events, possesses the gift of presentation. His mind is rich in fantasy.
He is capable of creating a fundamentally new theory, after conjoining its details. He is frequently the initiator of new directions in science. Is able to qualitatively and consistently execute work, to scrupulously study its components, should it fascinate him.
He establishes both for himself and others high standards of moral behavior. Is irreconcilable in his requirements, he does not pardon those that do not correspond. He is easily emotionally carried away by something, thus easily cooling to the previous object of interest. Is sometimes capable of victimizing others.
He does not attempt to obtain something by force and, at the same time, will never give into anothers offense. Anothers pressure will be met with resistance. He rarely disturbs anything in regards to health and household conveniences. His financial situation leaves much to be desired, but his ingenuity is sufficient in obtaining money when necessary.
Professional Assessment:
ILE develops abilities most vividly in scientific work, in research. For
the representatives of this psycho-type, like no other, is the
possibility of initiating science in new directions on the basis of the
synthesis of fields of knowledge, which would at first seem, distant
from each other. May also successfully work in the sphere of business
and commerce; also in the carrying out of intellectual production (i.e.
book publishing).
Discuss this profile on a
forum
SEI (Dumas)
¶
Sensory-Ethical Introvert
SEI ISFp Dumas (Mediator)
The orientation of main functional block of SEI: main things in life are
harmony, comfort, the opportunities for pleasant experiences one needs
to show and to share this with others in order to make them happy.
Description of the Strong Functions:
Si Program function.
SEI’s principal focus is on his own state and
condition, in the broadest sense of these words. These states include
his own physical sensations and perceptions, his well-being, health or
illness, all that concerns food and its preparation, sensation of
comfort in his environment (including at work), and his clothing (its
aesthetic value and convenience).
SEI very well feels the idiosyncrasies and peculiarities of his body, as
well as its needs. A physician, however authoritative, will not be able
to lead him off the track if he makes a diagnosis that does not coincide
with SEI’s own personal sensations. Generally he considers being ill as
something almost indecent: it is foolish, in fact, not to take care of
oneself!
Just as well he understands the experiences and physical sensations of
people around him it is enough for him to note some barely perceptible
signs and signals, which are noticeable only to him, to deduce the state
of another. At the same time, he considers more appropriate not to
interfere with another person, offering advice and recommendations. In
the area of well-being one must take personal responsibility.
Usually representatives of this type knows how to prepare food well;
they won’t eat just anything. A culinary specialist of this type can
even invent something new, some original dish. Setting up the dinner
table, SEI usually tries to decorate his environment to make it
aesthetically attractive so that both his eyes and stomach may be on
holiday. This is characteristic of SEI women as well as men.
SEI is very sensitive to the physical settings of his environment:
coziness, convenience, finishing and design, proper selection of
furniture, well thought out selection of colors all of this he is not
indifferent to, frequently this serves as the object of his concern and
attention.
In regards to clothing, here SEI also realizes his desire for harmony:
all pieces must be comfortable, functionally justified, and pleasing the
the eye. He will not dress in accordance with fashion and prestige if it
makes him feel uncomfortable comfort is considered first of all!
Fe Creative function.
SEI is a gourmand not only in physical realm
but also in the realm of emotions. His emotional sensitivity manifests
in every respect: he enjoys many forms of art, especially music and
singing. Frequently he knows how to play a musical instrument and sing
for entertainment, may be a good writer, a poet, an artist. He is also
an artist in love and loves adventures in this sphere. He knows how to
pleasantly court, how to provide for both emotional and sensual pleasure
to his significant other. Depending on the circumstances, to draw
attention to himself, SEI is able to play an appropriate role to the
situation: if this is a woman, then in different situations she may seem
romantic and unapproachable, or careless and risque. Men behave
themselves similarly excellent artists.
When circumstances unfold in a way that a breakup in a relationship is
imminent, SEI postpones until the last moment, until the last
conversation, and hopes that everything will fall into place without his
participation. He then attempts to immediately strike up new
acquaintances, then comes the final break with his previous partner.
Generally, any unpleasantness and tension in relations SEI experiences
with heaviness, and tries to avoid this by any means possible. If in his
presence a conflict flares up between others, he tries to play the role
of a mediator in order to reconcile the opposing parties as soon as
possible. He himself readily yields in fights and arguments and is
inclined to agree with his partner, if, of course, it doesn’t concern
issues that are of principal value for him. He poorly tolerates
rudeness. In such situations he is capable of rebuffing the offender,
saying something excessive and possibly regretting it later. In usual
situations, his tactic is to distance himself, to leave for a
psychologically convenient territory, to return to sensory and emotional
comfort.
If someone tries to pressure him, to push him, his immediate response is
to acquiesce in hopes that the problem will be peacefully resolved, and
to harmonize the relations. Insisting on his own opinions, he as if
gently yields his position, but will act as he sees fit. As a result, he
manages to leave conflicting situations having incurred a minimum of
losses.
His aim to provide for a pleasant experience for himself and his close
ones frequently makes him the soul of social groups and gatherings. If
he doesn’t like the group for some reason, he will simply find another
circle of individuals who are more sympathetic and likable for him,
since internal soulful and physical comfort are his primary motivations
in life. When for a long time he cannot have such experiences, he
becomes depressed and everything falls from his hands.
Description of the Weak Functions:
Te Vulnerable function. Logic of actions is SEIs weakest function.
Its weakness manifests in inability to act thoughtfully, rationally,
productively, with minimum amount of effort invested. In order to work
efficiently, it is very important that SEI has good working atmosphere
and environment.
SEI performs poorly when he has to do routine, colorless, prosaic,
scrupulous work. If such work is expected, he will attempt to elude it,
to be occupied with anything else that is interesting and pleasant for
him. Sometimes, giving into some temptation, he may even forget his
promise and not fulfill it. He finds himself distressed when this occurs
and may try to avoid the person whom he has let down.
Being well in tune with the sphere of pleasant experiences, SEI doesn’t
like forcing someone to do something, which this person may find
unpleasant. If someone points out the irrationality in his professional
and business activities, he receives such criticisms especially
painfully. He is usually not very ambitious, does not aim for social
prestige he finds it much more pleasant to focus on simple, everyday
happiness and good relations with friends.
Ni Role function. The weakness of this function can be observed in the
fact that SEI finds it very difficult to plan his time and perform his
work by a specific point in time. He must force himself to do this. He
usually avoids naming specific deadlines in regards to his work in order
to have the opportunity to be flexible if necessary. He may begin on his
tasks and his work long ways before it is due, worrying that he won’t
make it in the allotted time frame.
He is not always capable of correctly evaluating the situation and
adapting to it. It happens that he makes mistakes in his evaluations of
people and their potential over time, thinking better of them than they
subsequently prove to be.
A very cheerful person, SEI lives for the present, doesn’t miss
opportunities to enjoy himself and enjoy life, playing the role for
others of someone who seemingly has no problems in the future.
SEI at Work and at Home:
In professional settings, SEI frequently relies on personal relations to
attain what he wants. He tries, as much as possible, to not draw
attention of his supervisors, knows well how to set the proper
psychological distance in his relations with others. In the business
sphere he also uses his strong ability to function as a
communicator-intermediary.
Although SEI dislikes exerting great efforts over himself, if he has
found the right occupation or job he can invest into it with great
passion. However, if he finds that the atmosphere at his workplace to be
adverse, he won’t try to push through directly, to overcome something or
prove something to someone, but instead he will seek alternative and
roundabout routes in order to do as he wishes.
SEI is very attached to his family here, his agreeableness, ability to
make a concession in case of a dispute or a quarrel, perceptiveness of
the inner states of his family members, desire to help them, to create
convenience and coziness, manifest in the best way possible. In
protecting those he holds dear, he is capable of overstepping his usual
boundaries and becoming aggressive.
SEI willingly occupies himself by domestic tasks and chores setting up
and decorating the living space, running chores, doing groceries,
preparing food. In this, his industriousness and economic sense start to
visibly manifest. He is thrifty, knows how to dress and feed his family
members. Moreover, his thriftiness usually does not manifest as
miserliness for his close ones and friends, he, as a rule, shows
sincere concern and generosity.
SEI holds education in great respect and tries to make sure that his
children receive good erudition, not sparing money nor his efforts in
this respect, assuming that knowledge may offer some of the greatest
enjoyments in life.
However, when it comes to discipline, he finds it difficult to adhere to
the norms and morals. He will not usually pass up the opportunity to
spend time in the company of another person if the opportunity presents
itself. He is principally concerned that everyone is satisfied, calm and
happy.
Summary of Functions:
Si: Main focus in life is on pleasure. Knows how to create coziness and comfort around themselves. Understands well their bodys needs; an Epicure and aesthete. Avoids power struggles and applying pressure to themselves.
Fe: Adheres to the rule of avoiding negative emotions whilst, where possible, striving to create positive emotions. Softly, and without restraint, can associate at a close psychological distance. Successfully carries out the role of intermediary in disputes, reconciling opposing parties.
Te: Effective, goal-directed, work is not their style. Leads by their enthusiasm rather than by systematic character. Finds it difficult to be incorporated in any regular system acts spontaneously when applied to such a situation.
Ni: Theyre not very interested in what will occur in the distant future; principally focused on the here and now. SEI does not visualize well the concealed possibilities of people or events; attention is concentrated on visible concreteness.
Professional Assessment:
The most adequate activities for the SEI are found in the sphere of
services. Among people of this type it is possible to meet splendid
artists and musicians; people of this psycho-type may also be
successfully occupied by medicine and teaching. They realize their
potential well in the areas of interior design, fashion and cuisine.
Discuss this profile on a
forum
ESE (Hugo)
¶
Ethical-Sensory Extrovert
ESE ESFj Hugo (Enthusiast)
ESE emotionally moves people in all of their behaviors emotion; the
greatest value positive emotions, including people in a life of
happiness and convenience, avoiding everything thats unpleasant.
Description of the Strong Functions:
Fe Program function.
People of this sociotype, as the leading
function suggests, are quite emotionally oriented. Her emotionality
manifests itself vividly in the ability to appear glad at any life
event. Everywhere she tries to create a holiday atmosphere. With the aid
of others this is easily accomplished, without bragging, by charging
those that surround her by her enthusiasm, energy and high tone.
The most trifling event may serve as a source of enthusiasm; buying an
interesting book, taking a day off work, meeting an interesting man
Life for her is like an emotional sea in which she bathes. She manages
her space, absorbs its energy, and emerges twice as strong. ESE cannot
live without contact with other people, they for her are highly valued.
Shes inclined to exaggerate their characteristics and prefers not to
note their shadow sides.
ESE seeks to avoid all negative human reactions (offense, despondency,
irritation, etc.), with the conviction: life is too short, so why spend
it so poorly? Nonetheless, in her life, as with all people, there are
objectively difficult periods. These are usually caused by tensions in
relations with other people, which weigh heavily upon her. She finds
these especially difficult to deal with if theyre connected with her
house and family. ESE may also find herself in an unpleasant situation
due to her gullibility. It occurs that her emotional impetuosity may
splash out by excessive garrulity and/or boasting.
During bad times she finds it difficult to hide her feelings, in such
situations ESE attempts to get away from it all, preferring to suffer
her troubles in isolation. She assumes that others will seek her out and
share their happiness, which shell then increase.
Generally ESE suffers horribly in any conflict situation, even when she
isnt a direct participant: shes easily emotionally entangled in
quarrels and takes everything too close to heart.
Si Creative function.
ESE is the romantic and aesthete, loves to
create a warm social atmosphere. This is noticable in the external
manner of her behaviour: after meeting a familiar she will stop and give
the gift of her radiant smile (men of this type will bow). One of an
ESEs greatest pleasures is in entrusting gifts to others. Their
principal goal in this to is to give another pleasure, to become a
witness of their happiness. The price of the gift is considered
unimportant: its not without reason that ESE is famous, amongst her
friends, for her generousity and kindred spirit.
She quickly answers to any request for help, in such cases shell even
abandon her work, deemed less important. By helping others shes
compensated with the reward of knowing she did a good deed.
ESE willingly participates in the nonformal organization of different
events of birthdays, anniversaries, christmas for the children of
coworkers, holiday expeditions, excursions; so long as shes around
interesting people she considers such her pleasure.
Very active and loves productive leisure. In sports she favours enjoying
the activity itself rather than just victory over others. Many
representatives of this type love nature the forest, sea, leisurely
hikes, but its necessary in each case that she be in the company of
good friends.
Like no one else, ESE is capable of organizing their surrounding space
in the best way, to make it comfortable and convenient. Frequently she
possesses excellent artistic taste. She wants everything around her to
be beautiful; for happy eyes answer to peoples prosaic needs.
Quality is noticable in the ESEs clothing (especially amongst women):
refinement, elegance, faultless style, the ability to use the
inexpensive yet just as adequate dressing accessories is one of her
distinguishing features. But she never forgets about the functionality
of clothing, its convenience.
One should also note that ESEs make splendid culinary specialists.
Everything prepared by them is, as a rule, of superior taste. Even with
limited ingredients at her disposal shell devise something new and
finger-licking good!
Descriptions of the Weak Functions:
Ni Vulnerable function. This is the weakest function. ESE poorly
estimates the timeliness of actions and events. She finds it difficult
to distribute energy so as to have time to do everything. Prefers to act
immediately as the needs arise, and is usually a very active person.
She evaluates people by how they relate to her and can therefore mistake
others and their motives. She is trusting and easy to deceive.
Finds it difficult to penetrate into the deeper, concealed possibilities
of events. She reasons poorly in such cases. Therefore in some
situations shell accept what is deemed appropriate and approved by
others while in other situations her temperamental, courageous nature
may push her into risky activities.
Due to a weakly developed intuition ESE frequently seems conservative.
She poorly visualizes the aftereffects of various activities and thus
prefers concrete knowledge concerned with the short-term.
Te Role function. This function is distinguished by the ESEs restless
and emotional nature. She does not think deeply over necessary actions
in regards to her work. Shes guided by her immediate moods and her
behaviour frequently lacks forethought. She realizes her errors, in this
regard, and scolds herself for her rashness.
ESE achieves her goals more often in a turbulent and energetic fashion,
and not though systematic planning.
ESE at Work and in the House:
ESE deals with everything recklessly. She know how to be inspired by an
idea and follow that inspiration to its end. In order to feel herself
productive she desires a constant workload and to demonstrate only
positive results in her work. In this manner the constant influx of
energy allows her to evade fatigue. Generally prefers to work in the
emotional sphere. If surrounded by people that take an interest in her
work, and display sympathy towards her, shell work solely for their
thanks.
Boss-ESE first attempts to join the group and create a friendly
atmosphere of cooperation and mutual assistance. She zealously
undertakes her work, without delay, and impels other to do the same. Her
poor intuition does not permit her to see the precise prospects for
novelties for she is too occupied with details.
When subordinates under perform ESE reports them, or even opens conflict
with them for she identifies herself with the prestige of her collective
and wishes that work be carried out qualitatively. Shell obtain better
leadership results, in any enterprise, when in charge of a small group
of coworkers.
Shes very much tied to her family. For many especially women of this
type family is the most important thing in life. The ability to create
not only physical but also psychological comfort and optimism, and the
desire to bring happiness to close ones are the strongest sides of an
ESEs nature; and are vividly developed.
Her weakness, in regards to intuition, means that domestic troubles are
experienced in an extremely painful manner.
Summary of Functions:
Considers a good mood to be of essential value; finds it necessary to use her energy to increase and create such a mood. Follows moral guidelines for they provide reference points when unsure of herself. Easily associates with others at a close psychological distance; considers each individual notable and worthy of support.
Second to none in creating a comfortable, holiday atmosphere amongst family and friends.
Finds it difficult to give self up to dreams and to correctly forecast events. Frightened by the uncertainty of a situation for she poorly visualizes what she can obtain from it.
Finds it difficult to execute tasks in a systematic and efficient manner. Turbulent emotions negatively effect her productivity. Works well in an organized, team environment but without such will wish for someones help.
Profession Assessment:
The ESE may find suitable work in the sphere of services; to explain, to
help, to advise, to politely respond. In the business sphere theyll
gravitate towards human relations and advertising. Many outstanding
actors and teachers are also encountered amongst this psycho-type.
Discuss this profile on a
forum
LII (Robespierre)
¶
Logical-Intuitive Introvert
LII INTj Robespierre (Analyst)
The orientation of ego block of LII: at the core of everything lie
fundamental laws, which must be uncovered through deep investigation of
the essence of phenomena and processes.
Description of the Strong Functions:
Ti Program function.
LII’s weltanschauung is founded upon
understanding of interconnectedness of phenomena in the surrounding
world, its underlying structure and laws, to which everything that
occurs is subordinate.
His thinking is analytical in its nature. He strives towards elucidation
and understanding of general maxims, fundamental laws and regularities,
as he investigates and gathers information. In his mind, LII builds a
model that corresponds to his knowledge and experience, which is founded
on his understanding of the surrounding events. If he has found and
incorporated into his understanding some universal maxim, he will follow
it with determination, regardless of opposition from others. By no means
can he be distracted from what he deems to be the principal purpose of
his life. He will abandon something he has started only if he, himself,
becomes convinced of being mistaken.
His work and research often constitute the main purpose of his life.
Many representatives of this type corresponds to the label “workaholic”.
LII likes precision, accuracy, order; he is meticulous and
discriminating in his reasoning. Finds pleasure in creating simple
schematics, organizing everything “by the shelves”, thinking and
planning ahead. Considers that the behavior of people, especially at
work, must correspond to specific logic and a definite system.
Immediately notes the illogicality and contradictions present in the
actions of people and, as much as possible, attempts to introduce
corrections: he can express it as a criticism or offer to help,
depending on whom he’s dealing with. Generally, everything that is
illogical and disorderly irritates him, as well as inconsiderate people.
Ne Implementation of the program.
In order to create a valid
schematic, that corresponds to what is logical, LII attempts to
penetrate into the essence of objects and events, seeks the underlying
reasons for events. Cannot live without a basic set of beliefs; if it
was necessary to abandon his old ones (this occurs extremely rarely), he
will formulate others. In such cases it is very important for him to be
convinced of the verity of the values, which are within his interests:
his understanding must have solid internal support.
Instinctive insight into the substance of the existing world constantly
leads him forward, and as soon as he has gained understanding, he is
drawn to something new. Everything that has been understood by him seems
to be very clear and uninteresting. Only
One of the LIIs most positive qualities lies in the ability to
dismantle intricate and complex questions, to reveal the important
parts, to see the problem “from above” and clearly relay his insights
and understanding to others. If he has clearly comprehended the essence
of the problem, he will not yield to his opponents and will assert his
position and vision to the end.
A very characteristic feature of the LII: he is very perceptive of the
course of time. He innately cannot waste it, spend it in vain. He works
calmly, without emergencies and urgency, from aside he seems unhurried.
His ability to concentrate, to not be distracted by external
interference, leads to high efficiency in work. As a rule, he can
accurately estimate when he will be able to turn in his work or finish a
project. His sense of obligation and accuracy manifest themselves in
everyday life as well: if LII has agreed to be at a meeting but didn’t
show up this means that something serious befell him.
Description of the Weak Functions:
Se Painful function.
LII poorly responds to volitional pressure.
Though he is often hardworking, operative, and likes organization, he
will not execute the commands of superiors, which in his view are
incorrect, or do so very begrudgingly.
If he is being treated unjustly, he will attempt to defend his right
sometimes with expressed sharpness and ardor, which catches everyone by
surprise.
He finds it difficult to fit into strict order and social hierarchy,
where everything has been previously stipulated, and there is no space
for creativity.
LII maintains rationality in material expenditures; frequently he will
save a sum of money for the “rainy day” or some unforeseen situation. He
is usually thrifty and will not spend money in vain.
His ideal of happiness is in a regulated and proper life, where there is
time for work and for leisure. He can for a very long time, sometimes
decades, adhere to the same daily routine, and feels very uncomfortable
when circumstances disrupt his measured way of life. In such cases, he
will try to regain his old way of life, since in it he finds internal
support. Excessive disorder and chaos, whether in private or
professional life, he experiences very painfully.
In regards to his health LII considers the objective reality, but he
does not trust his own sensations and prefers to rely on physicians.
When he falls ill, he strictly adheres to physician’s instructions,
obtaining the prescribed medication, administering the correct doses,
and following the advised regimen.
In clothing LII frequently adheres to a “business” style that mirrors
his professional association rather than highlighting his individual
preferences. He does not care for pretentiousness and bright
accessories. Even women of this type feel hesitant to highlight their
sexual attractiveness with clothing.
Fi Role function
. In realm of ethics, LII adheres to the norms and
traditions accepted within his society. In nonstandard situations, acts
with sufficient care and restraint, so as to avoid situations where he
orients poorly. LII poorly discerns emotions of others. He prefers not
to interfere in conflicts or simply avoid such situations. Finds it
difficult to comfort others merely with words. In such cases prefers to
render concrete assistance, or, if this is impossible, to simply walk
away and not get involved. Outpours of emotions, complaints, tearful
confessions he tolerates poorly and does not understand what to do when
confronted by another’s tearful emotional outburst.
Usually LII communicates from a large psychological distance and does
not like excessive familiarity. People, with whom he feels close, are
usually few and mostly his childhood friends. In this, the weakness of
his ethical function also manifests itself.
Thus, as a child and as an adult, she fails to develop and maintain many
friendships. In this the weakness of the ethical function manifests
itself.
Following established practices, LII’s bearing is usually proper and
restrained. He does not tolerate rudeness and himself rarely resorts to
it. Often makes an impression of an aloof, dispassionate person, but
usually this is only a manner of outwardly behavior under the mask of
restraint hides a turbulent inner life and full of intense experiences.
However, his reserved nature does not permit him to share his
misfortunes with others. For years he may harbor an offense, in the
depth of his soul, only with difficulty forgives the offender.
In relations to opposite sex, LII shows caution and judiciousness, holds
himself with restraint. He becomes enlivened in course of intellectual
conversation in this sphere he feels himself sufficiently grounded and
capable.
LII at Work and at Home:
LII usually does not strive for management positions. Administrative
activity is not his element. If, nevertheless, LII finds himself in such
a position, he strives to rely on objective criteria, will provide
cohesive logical reasons to convince subordinates of the need to
undertake one approach over another. LII as a leader is more inclined
towards democratic methods, but is always very exacting. Due to his high
standards in accuracy and precision, he cannot wholly trust his
subordinates. If given authority, he will try, by himself, to check over
everything, to personally ascertain that everything that needed to be
done has been brought to completion.
Systematic and orderly person, LII adheres to his principles in the
organization of his workspace everything that may come necessary is
within arms reach, and there is nothing in excess, which could distract
him from his work. After work, LII will clean up a little, place
everything in its previously designated places; all the necessary
supplies and materials are neatly organized on his table and shelves.
LII distinctly separates personal life and work. He has a strong sense
of responsibility in respect to his family and relatives. Being
predisposed to tradition, he is serious about marriage, cares for his
aging parents, feels obligated to provide good education to his
children. In relations to family, he is not inclined to excessive
sensitivity: the weakness of ethical function prevents him from
expressing his feelings, especially around other people.
Should one of his relatives require aid, including material, he will
offer his help, but he will not freely throw money into the wind in
this sense he is rational. He likes to compile lists of necessary
expenditures. Attempts to guard himself in the case of possible future
adversities and misfortunes; saves money for “the rainy day”.
In time free from work, values solitude and rest among family members.
He cannot simply idle around and exist without a goal. Loves
intellectual forms of sport: chess, checkers, and other cerebral games.
With pleasure occupies with creating collections, and his hobbies
photography, art, gardening, sports. All his hobbies, as a rule, require
diligence and devotion, and they must all have some positive purpose: he
will not, for example, collect designer labels. In activities that do
not require another’s assistance, he can spend hours alone with a
project that he is interested in. If someone shows an interest in what
he is doing, he will willingly show and explain everything.
Many representatives of this type have a good musical taste: they love
music or even play musical instruments, and even write songs themselves.
Summary of Functions:
Thoughts have an analytic nature. Knowledge is processed in accordance with global maxims. Create a model, based on their experience, in their consciousness. Works scrupulously and meticulously, loves everything to be precise and in order, is very accurate and judicious in work.
Attempts to penetrate into the essence of phenomena and events, seeks the core reasons behind what occurs, generates new possibilities. Knows how to foresee the ripening of global developments, possible dangers that may result.
Cannot comfortably express volitional pressure. Cannot act in ways deemed dishonorable or deplorable. Is not oriented well in the sphere of personal health and maintenance.
Must observe norms of morals and traditions deemed necessary. Behaves in a proper manner. Prefers intellectual contact to emotional contact. Holds self at a distance psychological distance from others. Emotional expression is restrained, often based on the norms dictated by society. Tries not to interfere/get involved in conflicts. Avoids emotional situations.
Professional Assessment:
LII possesses all the criteria necessary for work in analytical
research. The ability to dismantle complex questions, to view the
problem in its entirety and clearly present personal speculations, makes
LII a good instructor and scientist. Amongst LII are also encountered
people in the arts, most frequently musicians.
Discuss this profile on a
forum
SLE (Zhukov)
¶
Sensory-Logical Extravert
SLE ESTp - Zhukov
SLE is represented by his or her direct force on the world, and its
purpose consists of correctly designing a balance of forces and
organizing them in the direction necessary for their realization: thus
things are made possible to conquer.
Descriptions of the activity of the strong functions:
Se Program function.
Basic qualities exemplified by SLE:
volitional pressure, the uncontrollable desire for activity, sporting
tone and resoluteness. They are people of activity; contemplation, as a
way of life, is absolutely alien to them. They will attempt, by any
means, to achieve their goals, their means of achievement are not
hampered by ceremonial(i.e. bureaucratic) regulations.
In their struggles SLE will never yield initiative. If necessary they
will wait for the proper moment to act and will never forsake the
opportunity at hand. Their influence is governed by their power, often
they dont think, to themselves of other [strange] ways to solve
problems. Acting with pressure they do not submit themselves to the
success of a common cause but rather are capable of entirely taking the
responsibility of leadership amongst themselves. They are inflexible and
rigid in conducting other people towards the execution of
activities/problems. Decisively they manifest their interest in work and
are not tormented or distracted by pangs in their consciousness, even
if, for the achievement of their goals, they must pinch, punish or
offend someone. When that, which they desire, is impossible to reach
quickly and directly, they seek alternate routes and without fail tend
to attain one.
As a rule they are the innate leaders, organizers of work on any scale.
Even in a new environment, or new spectrum of activity, previously alien
to them, it remains possible to be confident that, sooner or later, they
will prove capable of taking control. True, sometimes they emanate
excessive pressure, in a volitional sense: everywhere where, in SLEs
opinion, something is under-fulfilled, or lacks completion, further work
will be managed with their personal interference. Being energetic and
ambitious, SLE assumes that the significance of an individual is
determined by their situation in society, by the ability of the
individual to attain their place in life; therefore they can prove to
be, at times, intolerant, even rough, in terms of respect, with those
with of lower status. They may consider another to be measly if that
individual failed to reach a fitting place in the social hierarchy. On
the other hand, those, whom possess authority in society, are worthy of
respect.
SLE will never resign, never allow themselves to be conquered. If forced
to suffer humiliation they will gather the necessary force needed to
take vengeance; they do not pardon offenses directed against them.
Ti Creative function.
In order for them to emerge victorious in
their struggles it is necessary for them to be able to select a
principal direction, in which to orient themselves, to, in time,
recognize the key links that connect different situations. The SLE is
the most sober realist of all the psycho-types: their sensory
recognition, combined with logical analysis reliant on a complete set of
information, allows them to precisely reproduce a realistic picture of
the world in their minds.
SLE logically, and sensibly, interprets the situation, checking for far
reaching aftereffects of various events. Nothing is assumed upon blind
faith. Beginning work, they fixedly consider all possibilities, collect
all the necessary information about all aspects of the task at hand, and
examine the opinions of all those surrounding, but always make the final
decision themselves.
Wonderfully understand how best to organize work and the inability of
others to act on such an optimal level. Thus the SLE will take upon
themselves, not only their own responsibilities, but also the affairs of
the surrounding people, to which SLE relates with sympathy and respect.
Even if their (sometimes nitpicking) supervision begins to irritate
another, that person will nevertheless take comfort in the possibility
of feeling protected next to SLE, the immovable wall.
In every area of activity a rapid and perceptible return is paramount.
They wish to see the result of their work, as far as possible, in a
concrete-material sense: the constructed building, the launched rocket,
the earned strategic success, the appreciation of a gift, the
acquisition of an apartment, the completion of a machine
Descriptions of the activity of the weak functions:
Fi Vulnerable function. When any situations deals with the ability to
catch moods in others, the tones of attitudes, which present
themselves in people, amongst each other, and towards SLE, SLE suffers
an internal feeling of nervousness. They are apt to understand the
business concerns within a person, but not how to emotionally comfort
someone in tears, whom asks for empathy. In such cases SLE may, in an
authoritative tone, give logical instructions, Act immediately! Make
this so, and this thus, and I will help you. They thereby use their
strong functions where they dont successfully operate; in the sphere
the SLEs weak ethics of relations. Here its appropriate to consider
their personal emotional struggle. Following stormy periods of activity
they may find themselves victim to a certain (sometimes very powerful)
bout of depression. Their direct activity combined with assumed
responsibilities, not only for their own work but that of others as
well, can lead to a state of temporary exhaustion and decline of
motivation. As a consequence of this depression they are attacked by
dark moods. Their fitness for work sharply declines in such periods.
However, SLE tries to hide this state from other people; thus providing
the impression of being always emotionally guarded, chained into their
armour. Their working tone is also not constant: sometimes when they
run into obstacles, concrete or social, they are subjected to flashes of
unbridled anger. SLE is characteristic in formal business activity
deprived of the emotional heat that irritates their sensitivities.
The SLE, whom appears to others, often seems to be in such good shape
that those close to them believe this psycho-type has no need of simple
sympathy. However, this is an illusion. Being badly oriented, in regards
to the emotional manifestations of people, and constrained by their own
feelings, SLE can only externally fabricates the mask of iron man,
which internally does not exist. Women of this type, particularly,
suffer from the fact that close ones fail to develop concern and
participation in their lives. With bitterness, SLE yields consciously to
the fact that through their independence, resoluteness, hardiness, and
by their own will, they will create about themselves the impression of a
person, to whom warm sympathy, from others, is not generally necessary.
Ne Role function.
SLE ineptly examines the concealed possibilities
of people and phenomena. Therefore, utilizing supplementary sources,
they, in every way possible, will find out more about those with whom it
is necessary to relate.
Understanding their weakness in this area, SLE prefers not to guess, but
to utilize concretely available information, moreover to logically
evaluate others (i.e. according to their strong function). Therefore
they are inclined to judge a person by the practical characteristics of
his/her behaviour rather than on the bases of sincere observation. Hence
their judgments of others are sometimes two-dimensional.
But in the end SLE wishes to provide, to others, the impression of a
penetrating person, capable of instantly dismantling the chaos of a
difficult situation. This is what naturally propels them towards the
role of leader.
SLE at work and in the house:
The SLEs abilities, as leader, have already been noted. As a rule all
the results of their actions are seemingly connected, compressed into a
collective, and aimed towards the execution of a stated solution. Being
sensually oriented theyre also magnificently able to develop tactics,
which allow them to maneuver flexibly under instable conditions. Their
talents are successfully realized within the sphere of business.
In contrast to those that work systematically at a task, SLE calls to
mind the broad-range processes of a task, capably able to multi-task
amongst multiple operations. They create the impression that they
immediately champion the interests of their group rather than merely
their personal interests. When operating in a group SLE considers
themselves responsible, as a personal duty, to create a condition in
which the workers under their command are materially secure.
Simultaneously they precisely track the coordination of work within the
whole structure of production through the smaller parts; thus if an
employee frequently falls behind in their duties SLE will make sure
his/her incompetence has minimal influence on the collectives effort.
They take pride in the group subordinate to their power and quickly
dismiss any selfish individuals that pose harm to their collective.
SLE an excellent organizer, not only in production, but in the family
as well. They know how to manage the economy of a home, know where, and
which, object to buy, can magnificently select the cheapest, highest
quality products necessary in daily life. They dont waste time securing
what is needed at any given moment.
Home, as with work, is solidly located within their sphere of control.
Thus SLE may appear to be intolerant to others in the home when their
interests conflict with his/her own. When SLE gives orders/chores to
others in their home it is expected that they be immediately executed.
Those that refuse risk an immediate conflict. At the same time, however,
SLE often will take upon themselves the duties/obligations of their
close ones. If someone, within their household, faces a crisis
situation, SLE will do all that is possible, and sometimes even the
impossible, in order to help their close one out of the difficult
situation.
Summary of Functions:
Basic qualities include volitional pressure, the uncontrollable desire for activity, a competitive demeanor and resoluteness. For an SLE victory is paramount. Know how to create comfort, to make any object convenient in their private life. Possess a good taste in the selection of clothing.
Know how to precisely organize the forces disposable to them, to differentiate between primary and secondary objectives. Splendid organizers of any scale. In work focuses on the large-scale, not interested in fine details.
Find it difficult to see something new, does not note new possibilities, prefers the path proven by practice. Rejects all that is irrational. Irrationality leads to guessing whereas SLE prefers to stick to ideas that can be undoubtedly counted upon.
Easily able to associate with anyone at a close psychological distance, however, finds it difficult to feel the nuances/moods between people in its relations. Tries to hide personal emotions, thus seems, to others, to be dressed in armour. Not adept in understanding the manifestation of own emotions and moods: may shout and not take into consideration the fact they offended their target.
Profession Assessment:
SLE is an excellent organizer/administrator of any scale in any area:
science, art, medicine They also realize their abilities in any primary
structure, in the military service, in sales. Also has the qualities
necessary to compete in sports.
Discuss this profile on a
forum
IEI (Yesenin)
¶
Intuitive-Ethical Introvert
IEI INFp Yesenin (Lyricist)
The IEIs principal value in this world are the invaluable gardens of
his own imagination, with the aid of which it is possible for him to
penetrate into the past and future, to feel the surrounding world in its
wholeness, to understand the dynamics of present events,
Descriptions of Strong Functions:
Ni Program function.
Introversion of IEI’s intuition dictates that
his consciousness is submerged in modeling of processes of time. His
thoughts sail, flow, easily going forward and backwards in time. In
contrast to the ILI, the IEI is focused on ethics, and therefore he is
less concerned with the problems of the material world and production;
his interests lie in the development of people’s emotions, relations,
and potential.
He internally observes everything as in constant motion: children run,
adults work, some actions are undertaken, rivers flow, heavenly
bodies move in the sky for the IEI, time constitutes a kind of aether
into which everything is submerged. A dreamer and romantic, the IEI is
easily separated from reality and taken by his thoughts into the land of
images and insights, from which he derives enjoyment and meaning of his
existence. He’s drawn to literature containing elements of the
fantastical and breathtaking adventures. He imagines himself
participating together with heroes of the novels, giving himself up to
periods of creative imaginings. His mind, as a rule, focuses on
something that is sublime and elegant he may think of a journey around
the world aboard an ocean liner (alongside a refined public), of an
alluring cottage with a fireplace and white piano, of beautiful
transcendent love
However, the IEI is also able to sense the imminence of events, to catch
the barely noticeable currents of attitudes and dynamics within society.
He can feel the precise moment in time when action must be taken; mostly
vividly he feels the imminence of crisis situations and danger, at which
time he becomes very agitated and disturbed.
He is adept at noticing people’s characteristics, idiosyncrasies,
abilities and potential, and is drawn towards capable individuals
(sometimes for his own purposes). With respect to his own abilities and
talents there is an internal, frequently secret, conviction that he
exceeds others in his spiritual aristocratism, viewing himself as a
member of an elite of humanity, but usually he does not openly
demonstrate this perception.
Introverted intuition in the leading bloc impedes him seeing himself
from the outside. He finds it difficult to objectively evaluate his
behavior, and is inclined to justify himself in everything. His
inclination to distance himself from reality and difficulties in
self-appraisal can lead to egocentrism and excessive submersion in his
own world.
Fe Implementation of the program.
After he discovers the hidden
patterns and undercurrents of the events, IEI attempts to emotionally
influence people around him, in order to direct them to appropriate
actions. He knows how work with people’s moods and impressions to incite
necessary reactions, but he does not accomplish this through force, but
rather through persuasion, and sometimes with an emotional surge that
signals to others that he will perish as a brittle, delicate entity if
help does not arrive and his requests are not fulfilled! He finds it
difficult to enact the necessary measures himself pragmatic activity
is not his strongest suit therefore he tries to orient others around
him to take action. IEI is easily inspired in favorable climate, but
also very easy to offend sometimes a negative intonation or
reproachful gaze is all that is needed to put him into negative mood for
the rest of the day.
He is confident in his correctness, and if those that surround him do
not react to his signals and fail to follow through with necessary
actions, IEIs exasperation and emotional fervor can reach such a degree
that, for a long period of time he will not calm down, and continue to
ardently try to prove his point to all.
He enjoys being in center of attention when in the company of familiar
to him people. Knows how to behave himself appropriately to smile, to
give a compliment, to support anothers remark, to be polite and
accommodating.
If IEI enters a period of melancholy and disappointment, and this is not
a rare occurrence, he will then isolate himself. When the dark period is
over, he will once again emerge bright and alert, with positive
expectations of the future and of his life. If he is in luck and finds
himself in a loving and supportive atmosphere, his best qualities are
revealed: the ability to be compassionate and to provide moral support.
Being keenly perceptive of the moods of people around him, he when in
elated spirits is ready to offer warmth and sympathy.
Possessing high impressionability, the IEI sensitively responds to all
forms of art. He especially loves music and poetry, sometimes creates
his own artwork, writes music and stories. He enjoys attending concerts
and art exhibits, manifests natural literary gift.
Descriptions of Weak Functions:
Te Painful function.
Distancing into the realm of his images and
contemplations helps the IEI to hide from reality that often proves to
be too harsh and cruel for him.
His professional activity and productivity are unpredictable, since his
capacity for work highly depends on his internal state: short flashes of
energetic activity alternate with periods of prolonged inaction. As a
rule, he his energy drive is lowered, and he therefore he finds it
difficult to continuously exert himself. The inherent to him asthenia
perceived weakness, exhaustion, and low energy is frequently
compensated for by the need for a prolonged night sleep. For this very
reason, without the necessary moral support, he frequently finds himself
at a lower social position than would correspond with his abilities.
Thus IEI is prone to regard energetic people, whom hold a higher social
status, with a secret sense of envy, to consider that life has wronged
him, and, involuntarily trying to justify himself, he seeks external
factors that could be faulted for his misfortunes. Meanwhile, he
comforts himself in the fact that his high sensitivity and brittleness
of psyche, refinement of his principles and ideals, do not permit him to
act by the same methods as others. Thus, he justifies his own passivity
by viewing himself above the surrounding world, thereby psychologically
shielding himself. He finds it difficult to accept responsibility for
everything that happens to him. He prefers to lay responsibility on
external factors, especially if things are going badly. IEI rarely takes
up routine work of any kind, and if he does he may try to shirk from it
and carry it out negligently.
Si Role function.
In everything that concerns his health and
appearance, IEI tries not to appear worse than others, to adhere to the
same standards that exist in society. It should be noted, that he has an
innate proclivity to dress in good taste, with elegance and refinement,
even if his financial situation is modest. The female IEI can arrive an
hour late, but will show up in great form, in an elegant dress with
tastefully selected accessories (giving preference to darker tones of
clothing rather than bright and colorful).
IEIs do not invest a lot of effort into managing their finances. He may
overspend or save money without knowing what to do with it. Often IEI
cannot resist purchasing beautiful and elegant things that do not have
any utilitarian purposes, even if his finances do not suffice; it is
difficult for him to concern with something as prosaic as money, when it
is desirable to amuse himself by any means possible.
IEI often is a follower or an individualist and rarely a leader.
Favorable conditions for his activities a clear-cut regulation of his
actions, preferably, in some creative sphere. He finds it difficult to
manifest initiative, to conflict with others, thus he often prefers to
go with the flow abiding by the norms of the society in which he lives.
IEI at Work and at Home:
Variable and indecisive, not keen on taking responsibility, not only for
others but also for himself, IEI prefers not to occupy leadership
positions. If, nevertheless, fate forces him into such a position he can
successfully manage strategic tasks. He tactfully interacts with his
subordinates, uses emotions to successfully influence those around him,
and himself seeks milder relations. It is better if he is put in charge
of a small group.
For IEI love and family are significant values in his life. He is
capable of feeling deeply for others; for years he may remember and
sympathize with his significant other even if he has been rejected.
Frequently in his imagination he endows another with romantic qualities,
which that person in reality may not possess.
At home, he finds it difficult to occupy himself with domestic tasks
this is his enemy number one. If you strictly and scrupulously demand
that he carries out his domestic responsibilities, in this manner you
will not attain anything besides embitteredness; in such cases he may
even provoke fights and arguments. In order to resolve such issues in an
acceptable manner, IEI attempts to shift the chores onto others, often
by demonstrating his helplessness so that others aids him; for this
purpose he tries to influence weak points of other people. When this
doesn’t succeed, IEI may unexpectedly conduct himself in a sharp and
harsh manner, although with unfamiliar people he remains invariably
civil and gentle. Only in special cases, such as when IEI experiences
the feeling of love towards his significant other, he can mobilize his
internal forces and invest sufficient energy to carry out the burden of
domestic concerns on his own volition.
IEI loves to host guests at his home, tries to prepare a beautifully
arranged table for him this is more important than food itself, for
the celebratory meal is merely viewed as a means of pleasant contact and
conversation. No matter what he is occupied by, in regards to others, he
will introduce the element of fantasy: the reception of guests,
instructions, handicraft IEI is not interested in treating himself in
the same lavish manner he will only do it for enjoyment of others. For
example, he rarely prepares a fine meal for himself and feels satisfied
with a dinner consisting of bread and jam (if it happens to be
immediately available in the refrigerator).
Summary of functions:
The dreamer and romantic, IEI is easily separated from reality, knows how to sense events, to notice their dynamics. He sees the concealed potential within people, his inner essence, is capable of proposing new ideas in areas of interest.
Knows how to influence the moods of others, to cause reactions deemed necessary by method of an emotional surge, but not by pressure, he readily manifests warmth and participation. Loves to speak about the moral problems, about the norms of behavior, he calls those near to him to acknowledge his observations.
His fitness for work is unpredictable as it depends exclusively on his mood. He frequently possess low energy and therefore finds it difficult to force himself to work. Formal hierarchy, structure, organizing, systematization all these only serve to irritate and tire him, he doesnt see the living soul in these, which is necessary to motivate him.
He ably feels the beauty, harmony, and commensurability in the world, but badly manages practical tasks; poor at performing repetitive chores and following precise procedures; may overspend money and look down on what he deems as “penny-pinching”.
Professional Assessment:
The most favorable work for the IEI can be found in the realm of
humanitarian activity. This can be work in music, literature, art
studies, work in the printed press, journalism, conducting television
and radio transmissions and interviews. Sometimes representatives of
this type are found successfully working in the field of mathematics.
Discuss this profile on a
forum
EIE (Hamlet)
¶
Ethical Intuitive Extrovert
EIE ENFj Hamlet (Artist)
To the EIE life is filled with meaning when it contains emotional heat
and dramatic experiences. He guesses which idea will take the
imaginations if people and shape their feelings in the correct manner.
Descriptions of the activity of the strong functions:
Fe Program function.
Life for EIE is the sphere of emotions, which
he, as a conductor, skillfully orchestrates. He is capable to act on his
surroundings by a wide range of his own feelings from powerful
explosions saturated by his dramatic nature, by tragedy or by
enthusiasm, by the ability to keep silent for several days and go about
with a stone face; his entire form despising and punishing, in an
unmistakable way, the person whom insulted him. People admire his bright
emotionalism, the dramatic nature of his experiences, and his ability to
respond to the most trivial changes in the moods of those around him.
His rich world of feelings contains different hues of emotions, which in
observing this psycho-type are immediately demonstrated by those
surrounding.
If others act indignantly towards him they qualify themselves as
loathsome, malicious, and envious, and action is taken. His source of
enthusiasm and delight, without fail, is anything directed to the
highest spiritual ideals In the emotional sphere EIE has a certain
standard of expression he uses to discover how the public reacts, to
him, emotionally.
In connection with this the EIE places an important role on morality,
taken aback by society he himself strives into those spheres, where, in
his opinion, this criteria is best matched. Being a very emotional man
he easily may be made victim of strange misfortunes. Towards others he
is capable of exemplifying warmth and sincere sympathy, he is very
courteous and inclined to prove to be of service, at least when
prolonged participation is not required. Wonderfully knows how to
manipulate others by their feelings. At the same time feels greatly
wounded himself, sometimes seeming like a man without skin. He
strongly depends on the opinion of those that surround him, they,
without fail, take the role of student or spectator.
In reacting to something he always feels himself to be an actor, located
on set. Because of this his behavior frequently contains a noticeable
theatricality about it, an increasing excitability, enthusiasm,
exaggerated gestures, poses. His behavior contains a demonstrative
nature, which seemingly signals to those surrounding him whether he is
unhappy, sick, insulted, sincere, flattered, ingenious, needy of
nourishment
He knows how to magnificently appear before an audience, to ignite and
fascinate the crowd through his ideas, which he preaches. He requires
interaction with someone at least everyday in order to satisfy his
everyday emotional manifestations.
Ni Creative function.
To take the attention of those that surround
him, to hold it in himself; leading others aids him in experiencing an
indefatigable fantasy. He is able to dedicate himself to serving a high
ideal, especially if such activity aids him in recognizing his own sense
of nobility and uniqueness. The demonstration of his uniqueness serves
to stimulate and inspire him.
As a rule he reads a lot. Not alien to having a literary gift, loves
poetry, music, painting, and cinematography. Holds close to himself the
ideas of humanism and general human values. Hes drawn towards the image
of a noble person; sometimes hell be tempted by the desire to enter
into a secular society where his talents would be properly noticed and
his value properly evaluated.
The fact that his own imagination is what makes him appealing to the
world leads to his attention being primarily directed towards global
problems. Thus flashes of mutual anxiety and sympathy to those close by
can just as easily come to naught. He may suddenly involuntarily
insult another without understanding this. His heightened sense of
vulnerability forces him into adopting a self-defensive stance; in which
case through his sharpness and intolerance he can easily deliver (with
words) a calculated strike against his target.
His strong intuition of time permits him to foresee the course of
events, and in time to feel as well as conduct himself as one man or
another. He thus has the ability to operate in the political arena. He
eagerly alerts those, whom he respects, of threatening situations and
other dangers. He straightforwardly states possible troubles to others
for it is always deemed preferable to act in an already established
situation.
EIE is magnificently capable of detecting the psychological
characteristics in others, to comprehend their strengths and weaknesses.
Makes an excellent psychologist, however, he does not always use this
talent for good. Frequently there appears a desire, in EIE, to
manipulate close ones, and the nature of this manipulation depends on
his concrete relations he has with the individual.
EIE finds it boring to live the measured, routine life, he is motivated
and inspired by extreme situations. If such situations fail to present
themselves, for long enough, he will create tension around himself,
forcing something to happen.
Descriptions of the activity of the weak functions:
Si Vulnerable function.
If he does not doubt in his own abilities
and uniqueness then he is utterly capable of taking care of his health
and household spheres where the EIE often feels the need for the help
and council of other people. As a rule he is clean and squeamish. But he
poorly recognizes his bodys needs, thus he may either constantly run to
the physician or react in the exact opposite manner and not visit
medical institutions until he literally collapses.
He often lacks the ability to discern the appropriateness of his
observations before communicating them. Thus he appears to lack
etiquette and this is reinforced by rough or vulgar manifestations in
his behaviour. He often yields to his immediate mood, when this is
positive, often because hes been incited by public attention, he can
present a commendable sense of generousity and charity. Such traits are
dependent on his mood and, likewise, when effected negatively he may
treat others meagerly, as if pitying them.
EIE often experiences difficulty in selecting clothing for himself,
which adequately fits his frame. Some are able to overcome this
shortcoming, however, and develop a good taste in selecting an
appropriate outfit. Conscious of his ability to make an educated guess,
in regards to the essence of what is happening around him, and confident
in his correctness because of this, he is capable of acting with
volitional pressure. Specifically if before him is someone, whom EIE
considers below himself, whether in regards to age, level of culture
etc he sometimes desires to humble this person, to put them in their
place.
Te Role function.
Emotional enthusiasm plays an integral role in
the EIEs fitness for work. Without such influence he can wonder about,
deeply drowning in his troubles, and thereby justifying his own inertia.
But if his work fascinates him he burns with a bright flame. In such a
situation it is difficult to sway him from his course; its even
difficult for him to stop, in such a situation, and acknowledge other
vitally necessary tasks (i.e. preparation of food). He relates, as a
rule, to creative work, and conversely disdains any sort of manual
labour. When he finds himself forced into a course cloth type of
labour he prefers to work on people instead of the task at hand, he
utilizes his ability to convince, to inspire, to operate the emotional
levers present in the situation (he thus compensates by acting with his
strong function).
EIE enjoys realizing himself in the intellectual arena. He takes
pleasure in demonstrating the implications that philosophical problems
present. He loves discussions with abstract themes.
EIE at work and in the home:
Generally EIE exerts a noticeable amount of effort in regards to his
career. In such cases his thoroughness and accuracy of execution earn
him deserved praise. He prefers there to be structure/order in his work.
He suffers when forced to divide his attention between his career and
domestic duties for he runs the risk of overworking and tiring himself.
Nonetheless when forced to choose he gravitates towards his career,
especially if under the constant attention of his associates. Domestic
duties truly only serve to irritate him, here he prefers to divide them
with close ones.
When in a leadership position EIE, more than anything, draws upon his
moral leadership skills, his ability to entice and inspire associates
with heightened expectations. Understands the strategic prospects of the
enterprise, knows how to generate new ideas and how to find nontrivial
approaches to the situation. His understanding of psychology combines
with his ability to manipulate people and contributes towards allowing
him to easily force others to execute the necessary actions. Rather than
isolating himself in a high executive position he prefers to work
alongside his associates, whom likewise provide him with admiration and
acknowledge his high morals, ethics, working qualities and uniqueness.
All the characteristics of the EIEs psyche are also visible in his
familial life. When he shares warm relations with others in the
household he frequently demonstrates cordiality and sensitivity. When
positive relations are absent, on the other hand, the negative
properties of his nature manifest themselves: capriciousness,
foolishness, and intolerance.
EIE worries, and exerts much effort, in insuring the material needs of
family. In household interaction he places little value on the
observance of formalities and/or traditions; these to him are
unimportant. He takes close to heart any risk of his significant other
abandoning him and if faced with such a situation hell not hesitate to
cause a commotion, expressing the moral terror of his predicament.
In other situations EIE requires the attention and concern of the family
in which he belongs. If ignored hell begin to harbor jealousy in
regards to the relations shared by other members of the family.
When true love presents itself in his relations everything is for the
better. His rich fantasies and emotionalism are directed towards the
creation and maintenance of a loving familial atmosphere. In this case
the EIE presents himself as the excellent family man; the sensitive,
understanding, and thoughtful husband and parent.
Summary of Functions:
Life for EIE is focused within the sphere of emotions, which he skillfully controls like the conductor of an orchestra. Without the surge of a periodic dramatic experience he finds himself unable to work. He attempts maintain a certain standard, in regards to his emotions, which serves to inform those around him his current condition.
He foresees the possible course of events and possesses a sense of fantasy and artistic taste. Wonderfully reveals the possibilities of what may have been and what never was, knows how to inspire people with fantasy and to manipulate them.
Not confident in determining physical needs and not always capable of organizing a routine manner of living; spends money reasonably. His volitional efforts are of an unpredictable nature and their essence is directed towards the people in close proximity. He may push too hard without any definite reason.
Finds it difficult to work on large tasks; prefers delicate, thorough, and scrupulous work. Finds it difficult to strictly follow a definite system, in such cases it is necessary to find help.
Profession Assessment:
EIE works most effectively in areas where required to fascinate an
audience (i.e. theatre, teaching), the possibility of controlling the
emotions of crowds also leads them into politics. Frequently possess a
literary gift, musicality, love for painting, dances can achieve
success in these fields. Also can work successfully as a psychologist.
Discuss this profile on a
forum
LSI (Maxim Gorky)
¶
Logical-Sensory Introvert
LSI ISTj Maxim Gorky (Inspector)
For LSI, life must correspond to a specific system both in the
material world and that of human relations, and one should exert efforts
to ensure its betterment, maintenance, and restoration if it has been
disrupted.
Description of the Strong Functions:
Ti Program function.
Logically sensible and elegant system this
is the foundation for everything. LSI attempts to find such logical
system, to become incorporated into it, to follow it and to perfect it.
He analyzes and thinks over everything that surrounds him. From this
information, he creates classifications and designations, creates
hierarchies, derives maxims. All of this must be clearly stated and
presented in various directions and instructions that aid in
understanding and organizing life.
It is clear to him that whoever does not waver and follows such
prescriptions will attain more in life, if he ceaselessly works hard and
achieves commendable results then such person will be able to attain a
worthy place in society.
He is proud of having such ability, and it is exactly in this that he
realizes himself. His pride suffers if another person is capable of
doing the same job better than him. In such situations, LSI is capable
of assuming work with thrice the force in order to not fall behind, for
he finds it absolutely unacceptable to fall to a lower position in the
conceptualized hierarchy he is aware of in his mind.
Such a person can be very productive. LSI is usually very conscientious:
he considers it paramount that he works qualitatively, sequentially and
systematically with this he builds himself a foundation and asserts
himself.
LSI is inclined towards realism hes interested primarily in concrete
and actual problems, rather than hypothetical issues. LSI thinks deeply
about any problem, tries to understand its essence and roots. When he
doesn’t understand something, he refers to established databases of
information to check that everything corresponds to what is already
known. In such situations, his mind starts to resemble a computer with a
built in program, which he will follow without skipping a line.
Se Implementation of the program. Represents his volitional qualities
purposefulness, competitiveness, power to make things happen. These
are the basic traits he relies on to realize himself in practice.
Efforts of LSI move him to higher positions to prevail in a group, to
correctly apply his abilities and to qualitatively organize his labor in
work that is deserved. LSI lives within a system of his own
understanding. He is watchful that others around him respect his
position. Simple disagreement with his opinion, he may take to be a
challenge or a threat, an encroachment upon his position, and
immediately rebuff the supposed aggressor.
LSI possesses outstanding endurance and stamina. He tries to reach high
quality in everything that he does few can exceed him in the
thoroughness, honesty and the aesthetic value of his work.
Description of Weak Functions:
Ne Vulnerable function. Estimating someone’s potential and
hypothetical possibilities makes LSI nervous. He finds it difficult to
evaluate the qualities in people, assess distant prospects of
development, possible demands for a commodity in the future. For this
reason, in all matters, LSI prefers to act with care. He does not always
succeed at understanding the psychology and motives of a person.
Inclined to level out idiosyncratic qualities of individuals. Poor at
taking into account the specific features of others and prone to
generalize and stereotype. It is difficult for him to recognize an
unordinary individual, for he cannot be easily classified and
incorporated within a scheme. Realizing his goals with iron
stubbornness, he cannot conceive that there are spheres of life where
his straight logic does not work.
His introverted intuition (Ni) is also usually not too strongly
developed: he has little interest in vague possibilities and romantic
notions.
Fi Role function.
In his relations with unfamiliar people, LSI
tries to behave appropriately in accord to the norms of behavior. At a
distance he seems like a comparatively gentle man: he rarely raises his
voice and outwardly behaves in a peaceful manner. But one ought to
remember that LSI is a person of reserve who does not say everything
which he thinks. He cannot always feel and interpret the moods of others
and is capable of voicing a criticism, which may be true in nature, but
which is offensive in form.
It is difficult for him to establish desired relations with others
outside of work. At the same time he finds it difficult to alter his
already established relations, even if he feels changes are needed.
With his logically appropriate manner of behavior, which seems strict,
and occasionally may be even callous, a certain moments he is given to
emotions and sentimentality. In his free time, he may watch tv shows and
movies that bring tears to his eyes. These manifestation of extroverted
ethics (Fe) in the LSI can be rather childlike and undeveloped. But
there are also such moments when LSI suddenly flares up with anger
during these moments he finds it difficult to control himself.
LSI at work and in the home:
LSI considers himself capable of occupying leadership positions, for all
his efforts are directed towards making his work better than others. He
knows how to precisely formulate tasks and how to subordinate them, to
instruct others with great detail and simultaneously require the same
preciseness in their execution.
As a boss LSI develops exacting demands, he can apply sufficiently
strict sanctions to those that misbehave. After having made great effort
to create and maintain his sense of dignity he considers it correct to
not overly rely on the opinions of those below him, but he assumes
himself obliged to strictly execute the commands of those above him. In
order to secure the respect of his subordinates he prefers to use
juridical laws and departmental regulations.
Being an administrator, LSI considers that all must be subordinated to
what, in his opinion, is correct. He is capable of systematically
conducting himself in life, to iron out any indulgences in himself and
others.
However, one should not, reading this, get the impression of the LSI as
a walking machine. It should be noted that every sociotype is first of
all human. Certainly, on the basis of all that is stated above, it is
not difficult to conclude that the LSI is first of all a person of
system and logic. That he is able to best manifest the strongest aspects
of his nature under precise, strict conditions. When he feels himself to
be part of a system/group he is confident and calm.
Speaking about this psycho-type it must be noted that rarely will there
be found people whom possess the same degree of reliability as him. He
is the honest partner, executive, worker, and the loyal husband. If one
seeks a person upon whom they can rely then in this almost no one will
exceed the LSI. In relations with other he is strict, true. But do not
forget about his strong feelings towards validity and order! This is a
person that works extremely efficiently in the industrial sphere, a
person whom decisively takes the opportunity to fulfill his commitments.
Likewise LSI will shy away from a creative role, where imagination and
the ability to think in a non standard manner is integral.
Summary of Functions:
Men of structure, which he attempts to find, incorporate himself in, follow, and perfect by the creation of rules, instructions and norms. He loves to collect things. Know how to work on large tasks, prefers to prioritize the most important thing and work in detail, then can move on.
Hes goal-directed and adheres to order and discipline, requires the same from others. This fact leads him to pursue a place as high as possible in the social structure fit for him. Is capable and loves to create comfort in his surroundings. An aesthete, he is oriented well in regards to his own health.
Finds it difficult to evaluate prospects in development and production, and the potential possibilities in others. He doesn’t love spontaneity, prefers the steady and systematic course of events.
Adheres to the proper mode of behavior, to the norms established in society, he considers it necessary to observe traditions. Conceals his emotions, prefers not to demonstrate his moods, but it sometimes occurs that his feelings get out of control.
Professional Assessment:
LSI is irreplaceable where the precise observance of rules,
instructions, and technological norms is required. The ideal worker in
manual labor, in the office, bookkeeping, traffic control service
Successfully realizes self in mathematics, programming and publishing
work. Also in military service, where the precise army structure of
subordination is established.
Discuss this profile on a
forum
SEE (Napoleon)
¶
Sensory-Ethical Extrovert
SEE ESFp Napoleon (Leader)
The SEE is characterized by the drive to expand his influence, by the
desire of authority and glory. In order to realize these goals it is
necessary to learn how to control people, by manipulating their
weaknesses and avoiding their strengths so as to never be conquered.
Description of the Strong Functions:
Se Program function.
A strong individual. Irrepressibly he
approaches his goals and, at any costs, tries to reach them. Only
success, only victory!
SEE always the leader, ambitious and confident. Naturally proves to be
the center of attention in any group. The desire, without fail, to lead,
to control; leads to rivalries, competition with other aspirants.
However, SEE deftly senses the nuances in his relations, wonderfully
senses the moods of others towards him. If someone, whom he must deal
with, is capable of holding him at a distance, of resisting him, SEE
will not bother with him, but if, and when, he feels slack he can press
and become unceremonious. Will not seek conflict without reason. Can act
diplomatic and insinuating in order to achieve objectives. But if
conflict arises he can express himself directly, unambiguously.
Always, and in everything, SEE tries to display his advantages to
others. Should he suffer injustice he will find a way to turn it around,
presenting himself to others so as not to lose face, even conversely to
appear the victor. He never acknowledges his injuries.
SEE tends not to get lost in the difficult situation; in such cases he
rather reacts with more strength, mobilizing to surmount the difficulty.
Energetic and noisy, he creates the impression that he is occupying as
much space as possible.
SEE noticeably develops the shadow function of the extroverted sense of
sensations (Se), especially when viewed from the exterior. SEE loves
bright, garish clothing; he prefers to appear from better to
extravagant rather than everyday and gray. It pleases him to be
noticed, to garner the attention of others.
Fi Creative function.
SEE magnificently manipulates people by
their moods and desires. He loves to be the center of attention, to
fascinate others with his ideas. He easily provokes quarrels but just as
easily reconciles them, as if playing; pulling the strings. It is
important for him to preserve the good opinion of other towards him, not
to let himself fall, to stress his talent and exclusiveness. Hes a
great actor and can manifest outstanding diplomatic inclinations, well
cultured.
Sensing well the moods of others, SEE can support a comrade through a
difficult moment; manifest his participation, his sympathy. By being
naturally volitional and cheerful he impels other to act, not to fall
apart or whine.
The SEE men with bright and intense emotional range from angry
indignation to noisy enthusiasm. He thus always finds himself included
in the emotional situation, he is ready to act: to help, to sympathize,
to fight, to condemn, - and no matter how he expresses his relation to
that occurring he is always absolutely confident in the correctness of
his sentence.
With the opposite sex he readily displays initiative. Though to suffer
rejection may be tragic he knows to move on.
Strong excitability and emotionalism give rise to increased sexuality.
Especially in the younger years it is difficult to settle down.
SEE is prone to jealousy, may frequently suspect partner of treason, and
does not pardon innocent flirtation.
Bright emotionalism also develops in the love of arts; SEE especially
loves music and singing. Frequently he has some of his own music,
demonstrates to all his talent and ability.
Description of the Weak Functions:
Ti Vulnerable function. The weakness of this function is developed in
the fact that activities for the SEE frequently carry a chaotic nature;
in his behaviour there is no systematic pattern of character.
Even if SEE possesses a heavy stock of knowledge, he is not always able
to sufficiently make use of it; his emotionalism frequently re-weighs
logic. His erudition manifests itself in sudden flashes but he never
keeps on one topic for long. An extroverted sensory type, his need for
external activity frequently manifests itself in uncontrollable motor
activity. Thus he may be prone to acting before thinking.
Understanding that logic is not his strongest quality, SEE compensates
for this in his business activities by placing a greater role in his
personal contacts and connections. He attempts to work out the definite
stereotypes of behaviour in different situations so as to not be caught
unprepared.
For SEE it is very important that the result of his work be visible and
tangible. He wishes to obtain a return for his efforts. This may be
exemplified through community acknowledgement (i.e. social status)
and/or material evidence of acknowledgment (i.e. apartment, car, the
latest gadget, the most up-to-date, most elegant, prestigious fashions)
Ne Role function.
Since the SEE focuses all his attention on the
sensory area, he does well in interpreting the external manifestations
of people, events and things, but cannot understand their secret
meaning. He senses well, but badly comprehends in-depth. For this reason
he finds it difficult to correctly evaluate others, his surroundings,
and even himself; finds it difficult to find his true place in life.
Nevertheless SEE will try to develop the role of a sensitive and
attentive man, capable of correctly comprehending the current situation.
He also finds it difficult, in view of the weakness of the intuition of
time, to precisely plan activities beforehand. In such regards hes apt
to become impatient, finds it difficult to wait for something if he
feels he needs it now.
SEE at Work and in the Home:
When holding an executive position SEE maximally uses his strong traits:
his active nature and ability to manipulate others. He always attempts
to achieve the goal presented; in this case he can act by means of
volitional pressure, and by the temptation of the forthcoming profit. He
is best at succeeding at tasks with a tactical nature he rapidly
orients himself in the situation, easily varies his methods of
operation, but at the same time poorly visualizes the distant prospect.
He heavily suffers, and thus negatively reacts to, criticisms from
others, especially if the discussion deals with his weak logical
ability, randomness of activities and ill-considered nature of
decisions. Sometimes the SEE will seek to get rid of the coworker whom,
to him, is disposed towards excessive criticism.
If he leads a small group his bustling style of leadership can lead to
strained relations. SEE proves much more useful, in a leadership role,
in a larger scale enterprise, especially if the group contains
reasonable and farsighted members, capable of logically influencing him,
of smoothing out the spontaneity of his activities from a distance.
In the family SEE, as a rule, acts as the leader/dictator, he decides
who must do something and what must be done at the given moment. Family
holidays awaken his enthusiasm, which sometimes finds its way to the
workplace where his desk is always cramped with the current
entertainments. He loves knowing how to prepare well for such occasions,
loves good food.
He relates with zeal not only to himself but also to members of his
family: they are all the best, the brightest, the most capable; no one
can be compared with them in their multiple talents.
SEE usually loves animals/pets; takes them in as members of the family.
Summary of Functions:
The energetic, strong individual. Irrepressibly approaches a goal and tries to reach it at any cost. Strong volitional qualities. Knows how to care about own health and the health of close ones. Aesthetics in the home, food; all of this proceeds from the general principles of healthy worthwhileness.
He separates people into his friends and strangers, highest and lowest, attempts to occupy as high a spot as possible on the vertical hierarchy. Knows how to make contact with others, easily can manipulate people in order to attain a goal.
System, structure, objective laws these are areas in which the SEE struggles. Finds it difficult to think deeply and thoroughly about a problem. Being very energetic, now and then acts in a chaotic, confused manner.
Attempts to play the role of someone capable of penetrating into the essence of an occurrence, but frequently overestimates ability to do so. Prone to impulsive action, will not give self up to dreams and fantasies for extended periods of time, thus does not often try to comprehend the distant prospects is too strongly tied to the genuine reality.
Profession Assessment:
SEE performs admirably in professions that require contact with people
at all levels: political activity, military service (in as high a rank
as possible), jurisprudence, artistic activity, teaching, commerce, and
secretarial work. People of this psycho-type should be warned against
the selection of scientific activity, especially in regards to
theoretical disciplines.
Discuss this profile on a
forum
ILI (Balzac)
¶
Intuitive-Logical Introvert
ILI INTp Balzac (Critic)
The orientation of ego block of ILI: the world in infinite, fluid,
manifold, it’s state is continuously changing. The goal of man is to
find his place in the continuous row of events, to realize his
potential. To act makes sense only when the optimal moment for applying
efforts has been found and set.
Descriptions of the Strong Functions:
Ni Program function.
The consciousness of any introvert is always
working with internally constructed imaginary models. The external world
for him only serves as a starting stage for developing internal imagery.
Since the leading function of ILI is intuition of time, it allows him to
successfully model evolution of processes in time.
The consciousness of ILI easily encompasses any periods in time and
perceives the world comprehensively and systematically, and all the
processes occurring within it dynamically. His ability to freely
traverse the time axis allows him to see distant prospects, and
consequently few can match him in the realm of strategic forecasts.
ILI’s imagination perceives the world in dynamic flow within it
everything is in motion, everything interacts, people work, take some
actions, which are based on some motivations. In consciousness of ILI, a
model of people’s behavior arises, examining which he can predict the
future consequence of actions that a person undertakes in the present.
Possessing the gift of foresight, he often already knows what a person
is going to say or do in a certain situation frequently, it seems to
him that he knows and sees straight through everything (and in a certain
sense, this is true).
The ability to see the essence of a problem and to envision the eventual
result seems insightful, such that ILI may earn the reputation of a wise
and far-sighted person or a philosopher. As a rule, his prognoses are
colored by skepticism he prefers to voice warnings to admonish those
around him from taking unnecessary steps and acting rashly. He himself
is cautious will repeatedly and scrupulously check everything before
doing anything. He calls on others to do the same, making critical
remarks of those whose statements and actions are made too hastily and
lightly and have not been carefully thought through.
One of the main driving forces of ILI is a sense of his own worth, and
by association self-assertion. Frequently he feels good from observing
that others are incompetent at something, which comes easily and
naturally to him. Many of his mental abilities are indeed high. People
of this type often have an immaculate memory. Using this advantage, he
identifies the source of a question and comprehends all the aspects of
the problem, building a massive foundation for his erudition. It is
precisely among this sociotype that one can meet individuals who possess
an almost encyclopedic knowledge. However, a measure of conservatism is
also characteristic of them. This is expressed in their distrust of
anything new, untested and unproven, when it is not clear where it will
lead.
His inclination to assert himself, to feel himself significant, does no
mean that he will attempt to achieve a high position or status in
society. Rather his tendency is to elevate himself as high as possible
in certain fields of knowledge, and to go as deep as possible in his
perceptiveness, to feel his superiority to others in exactly this (Ni).
Te Implementation of the program.
ILI surveys the the dynamics of
ongoing events and processes and aims is to guide these dynamics towards
their practical realization. After correctly predicting the outcome, he
awaits the “right moment” to act and will not do anything until such a
moment arrives (he doesn’t like undertaking unnecessary action). When he
perceives a real prospect, he moves to act.
His perception is characterized by wholesomeness, which leads ILI to
perceive multiple variations in solving the same problem. Thus, now and
again, he finds it difficult to prioritize one thing over another. He
does not like being hurried, but waits for a problem to “ripen” and its
resolution will be incorporated into the general picture of things,
which is already present in his imagination. Certain reservation is
characteristic of him; he tries to leave enough room for possible
corrective actions to be taken in the future.
ILI’s fitness for work is exceptionally selective. If he finds a proper
job or profession, he can display remarkable energy and fantastic
productivity. In his life there can also be a continuum of sleepless
nights and states of extreme anxiety and stress, which last for months
or even years. The nature of his work style is usually solid and
pedantic.
If he has failed to find the right job or profession, then his
skepticism begins to take the upper hand: “Why is all of this necessary?
Nothing good will come of this” He cannot even force himself to meet
the bare minimum expectations, which may lead to serious repercussions
such as being dismissed from work or dropping out of school or
university. In such cases, he feels helpless, lacking a “spine” the
resolve to do anything as his irrationality makes it difficult for him
to meet even the minimum requirements for his survival.
Description of the Weak Functions:
Fe Painful function.
Poorly orientating in emotions, ILI prefers
to hide his feelings. However, if he is strongly afflicted by something,
his emotionality can literally pour out as he loses control of himself.
In order to prevent such situations from happening, ILI prefers to
maintain a large psychological distance with others. Familiarity
irritates him he is a proponent of a calm and respectable manner of
interaction.
ILI often compensates for his lack of emotional involvement in
interaction with others by playing intellectual games. Very often
interaction for him becomes similar to a game of chess or checkers,
where the goal is to show what he is capable of, and to demonstrate
another person’s incompetence. ILI is a master of games he loves to
play with people and events.
He finds true enjoyment from realizing his intellectual superiority over
others and will not let an opportunity pass where he can directly or
indirectly express this. If his upbringing conflicts with such displays
and expression, he will, nonetheless, satisfy his silent vanity by other
methods.
In communication with those few people, whom he trusts, ILI can be open
and sincere. Sometimes he displays kindness and generosity to a
surprising degree gives away his belonging, which are essential to
him. However, this is often because he feels indifferent to them
(sensing is his weak function).
Si Role function.
In all matters regarding questions of health,
aesthetics, lifestyle, and clothing, ILI appears modest and does not go
beyond what is needed. Poorly discerning in such matters, he prefers to
obtain such information from capable (in his opinion) sources. Sometimes
in such spheres for example, his home life he is so helpless, that
he incites concern in others and requires real care. If he falls ill, he
will try to observe physician’s instructions and scrupulously follow
prescribed regimen in diet and medicine, etc.
The volitional qualities of people of this type manifest a bi-polar
nature: some individuals display an enviable sense of purpose,
stubbornness and perseverance, while others, to the contrary,
demonstrate complete inertia and paralysis of their will. This can also
be seen in actions of a specific person: in some cases he manifests
excessive drive, in others compete passivity. In conclusion, it must be
said that for ILI finding a proper occupation and self-realization are
especially important, otherwise his innate talents will remain
undeveloped and be utterly wasted.
ILI at Work and at Home:
Although ILI does not obviously strive to be a leader, his latent vanity
is satisfied if he becomes one, for he considers himself worthy to be a
head of a laboratory, an institute or a university even the ministry
of state. This assurance is sometimes valid, depending on the
individual, and is supported by his ability to think of long-term
consequences and outcomes, which is undoubtedly the most important
quality for a manager of any level.
With subordinates ILI prefers a respectful style of interaction. He is
able to distinguish the abilities and professional potential of one
coworker over the other and put such knowledge to use. However, he is
not always confident in entrusting subordinates with work, but is
inclined to check over everything. Neither is he easily reconciled with
the fact that someone else can do the job better than him.
ILI is often a serial monogamist and a good family man. He prefers not
to quarrel with family members, if possible get away from conflicts,
even if his partner shows intolerance. However, in critical situations
he is capable of “exploding”, losing control of himself, entering a
state of literal madness in such times he can smash furniture and
dishes resorting to physical violence.
He is caring of his children and especially cares about their education.
He readily invests his efforts and money. In questions of lifestyle and
health, he fully depends on his significant other.
Summary of Functions:
Dynamically comprehends all worldly processes. Ability to traverse the time axis permits them to see distant prospects. Skeptical and critical. When confronted by a situation they know how to select from a set of variants, oriented towards the distant prospects.
Fitness for work is exceptionally selective. If they find an appropriate job they work without tiring, indeed are difficult to stop. Knows how to find the principal team needed to unwind a chain of events. A meticulous and scrupulous pedant, knows how to separate information within a system.
Tries not to act emotionally since he is not confident that he can always control his feelings. When he does lose control his behavior towards others, and himself, is unpredictable. With close people prefers to associate at a close psychological distance, tries to be polite, to develop relations over time; however, does not always succeed for is capable of offending others without noticing.
He feels well in a comfortable and cozy home but is unwilling to spend the necessary time and resources to create such himself and so prefers if another would take this responsibility. Sometimes difficult to mobilize himself to carry out necessary activities, appears as if paralyzed, and in such cases external interference proves useful in helping him to “unwind”.
Profession Assessment:
ILI is wonderfully at home anywhere where strategic forecasts are
required in policy, finances, science, military research. Can lead a
group of any scale, particularly with the assistance of a sensory type.
Also develop a taste toward humanitarian areas i.e. philosophy, art.
Discuss this profile on a
forum
LIE (Jack London)
¶
Logical-Intuitive Extrovert
LIE ENTj Jack London (Entrepreneur)
To the LIE life is inconceivable without reasonably directed work. In
order to obtain a good result he must operate effectively and maybe even
take risks, using time to the maximum benefit.
Description of the Strong Functions:
Te Program function.
A persons natural state should revolve
around his work activity, and LIE, as much as possible, corresponds to
this principle. He is the strong worker, works willingly with a sharp
understanding and comprehension of each action; therefore he makes
everything productively, effectively and with great pleasure.
LIE one of the most dynamic psycho-types, he is very active, possesses
fast reactions and takes the initiative. He capably calculates his
actions so as to be economical. Being engaged in industrial activity he
easily translates his thoughts into reality, it is better to put waste
to use than to throw it out. Can conceptualize the optimum method of
making use of space so that no room is wasted. Thus he precisely
comprehends which task is major and which is minor. He attempts to
determine the precise order of his preferences: so that minor trifles
should not prevent him from carrying out what is deemed the most
important task/goal. He applies these same abilities in the realms of
his hobbies: should he find something to be impossibly immense hes able
to reasonably limit himself.
Ni Creative function.
In order to work rationally it is especially
important to plan beforehand so as not to waste any time in vain. A
combination of practicality and romanticism is noticeably characteristic
in LIE.
Introverted intuition manifests itself in his irrepressible imagination,
the ability to consciously combine events and facts, within his mind,
which are incompatible with reality. Possessing a rich imagination
allows LIE to habitually view things from a different, unexpected angle.
Inventors and rationalizers are often representative of this
psycho-type. Such a person can foresee the optimum solution in deciding
how to solve a problem; can often find a way out of unusual situations.
He very much enjoys experimenting with mental and practical activities.
He approaches situations as if playing a game, which itself is more
important than the task in which hes engaged. Though something may be
more interesting than convenient, he will try to combine the two
whenever such is possible.
His extroverted intuition is also rather active, he is attracted to
novelty in various different areas mechanics, electronics, sports, new
ways of learning Thus he makes sure that these activities are not
assumed in vain: tries to apply, whenever possible, novel ideas to a
field of interest. It occurs that even from the unprofitable situations,
that he cannot avoid, he will nonetheless manage to benefit.
The aspiration to allocate resources, in time, in the most rational way
is characteristic of LIE. He constantly analyzes everything, which has
occurred, predicts relations with different people, and tries to predict
the consequences of his actions. Each missed opportunity is felt sharply
by him: he applies his best efforts to insure such does not repeat
itself again.
His ability to sense the slightest change in a situation, his fast
reactions, his initiative, and his practicality, combined with his
creative vein, make him a good businessman and manager. He is able to be
prudent and economical in his means, but also to take risks. However, it
should be noted that risks, for him, are always thought over and
calculated in advance.
Description of Weak Functions:
Si Vulnerable function.
LIE is not confident in all that concerns
his state of health, aesthetics, and household convenience. It occurs
that even in these areas he tries to use his imagination and initiativequalities that serve him so well in practical and industrial
activities. But very quickly he sees that his activities in these areas
are met with bewilderment, at times even with sneers. Such reactions are
experienced painfully. He makes note of what those that criticize him
say, those sad and boring people, and also notes their inadequacies.
However, he nevertheless begins to be cautious in exercising his
creativity here and instead adheres to whats deemed acceptable by
society: he buys mass-produced furniture, wears standard clothing
(typically sports wear), and, in regards to health, simply prefers
conducting a healthy mode of living, avoiding, whenever possible, having
to see the doctor.
The sensory functions vulnerability also generates another feature in
LIEs character: the tendency to self-affirmation. He wants to prove to
himself, and those surrounding, that he has the strength, endurance and
skill to overcome barriers. Therefore he loves travel and sports
especially such kinds as mountaineering, tourism, and slalom skiing. His
aspiration to romantic adventure is defined by his strong intuition.
Fe Role function.
For LIE, situations where emotions are openly
displayed seem confusing, obscure and not very interesting. He prefers
to hide his bad mood in those rare cases when it arises. He does not
care for pessimists and whiners. In acting, with regards to this
function, he leans on the norms that are accepted by society but often
has difficulty recognizing the relevance or irrelevance of displaying
certain feelings.
Impulsiveness is not characteristic of him; he usually leaves conflicts,
as he understands that they dont benefit anybody. If he does not manage
to avoid a conflict he is capable of striking with a sharp counter blow.
It also occurs that hell play the aggressor to warn away the aggression
of another.
LIE at Work and in the House:
In regards to professional hierarchies LIE begins with principle of
rationality, he does not necessarily desire to hold a high post if
someone competent is already in power. If such isnt the case than, for
the sake of saving time, he finds taking the initiative easier.
As a leader hes perfectly able to solve strategic problems. He aspires
to achieve positive results in industry through the introduction of
modern technologies. If he trusts someone he will behave informally with
him or her, but will remain the true leader. Hes a supervisor of
democracy, creating the proper relations towards his subordinates is
inherent to his position. In regards to all his fellow workers, even
those at a lower position in the hierarchy, LIE aspires to treat their
concerns as equal to those of a business partner.
His relations with relatives are also painted by the aspiration of
partnership. He finds it easier to relate and agree with others on a
verbal level (through dialogue). He perceives intonations, gestures, and
vague hints poorly. He would rather that others directly tell him what
they require of him.
LIE the good family man: the man of this psycho-type is able to give a
lot of time to his home, especially if it is necessary to make, improve
or invent something. He finds routine business boring. As well the
female LIE does not overly care for keeping order in her home, does only
what is necessary.
Summary of Functions:
One of the most dynamic psycho-types. Works willingly with an excellent realization in regards to each activity. Prefers large-scale work. Knows how to systematize, to create an effective working system, in which all the components will be taken into consideration.
Is capable of envisioning the long-term forecast. In him is combined practicality with romanticism. Inventor and innovator, the lover of drawings. Is oriented towards the distant prospect, ably selects the best options for the future and rarely makes mistakes in this.
Finds it difficult to create comfort in his private life, to be orientated in his health, he prefers a healthy mode of living, and in clothing a sport style. Lover of expeditions, overcoming of obstacles, different types of journeys. He is not inclined to force his way by direct pressure, instead will invent something new so as to create the bridge that puts him ahead of his rivals.
Is poorly orientated in the emotional realm and in society intrigues, so prefers a familiar, friendly, democratic style of behaviour. He respects the norms of morals, traditions, wishes that they provide him with cues on how to properly react to others.
Professional Assessment:
LIE can effectively deal with scientific research work, an inventor and
innovator. Successfully realizes abilities, as owner, manager, knows how
to orient self in situations of instability. Good teacher, educator.
Also finds a place in the primary industries operational work.
Discuss this profile on a
forum
ESI (Dreiser)
¶
Ethical-Sensory Introvert
ESI ISFj Dreiser (Guardian)
The orientation of main functional block of ESI: the conditions of
normal life, harmony in her personal relations, observance by her sense
of ethics and moral norms, sensitive and careful keeping and
safeguarding of historic traditions, and concrete volitional efforts and
actions aimed at defense and preservation of ESI’s system of values.
Description of the Strong Functions:
Fi Program function.
As an introvert, ESI is primarily oriented at
her own directives, system of values, and motivations, for which the
external factors are only circumstantial. An ethical introvert possesses
in her consciousness an all-encompassing idea about personal and ethical
norms, about rules of coexistence, of the need to lead a particular way
of life, that, from her point of view, is the only one worthy of a
person.
Subjective ethics of relations is ESI’s strongest function. She
understands, from an earliest age, what is good and what is bad. She is
a moralist - and considers it necessary to clearly formulate and firmly
observe personal criteria of behavior and moral norms. [Translator’s
note: To address a common confusion: the “subjective” ethics of ESI
allows people of this type to formulate a system of values that doesn’t
have to correspond to what is objectively (or socially) considered to be
appropriate, moral, and good, but instead define it independently in
accordance to own inner world, and orient by these person ethical values
with confidence - outcomes vary.]
Especially important for her are traditions and ethical systems, which,
have been accumulated by people throughout centuries. She believes that
these traditions, and also the rituals, serve as necessary reference
points capable of orienting people in any situation in life. ESI assumes
that these traditions must be kept and preserved with great care, never
transgressed, and passed on from one generation to another.
She usually adheres to the social norms of behavior and ethical
standards that are accepted in society. If she sees someone disregard
them, she may openly voice her negative relation towards that person,
because she considers herself obligated to elimina
It is generally very important to her to have someone to whom she can
dedicate herself, but, at the same time, she wants to make sure that her
efforts will be valued - otherwise she can fall into depression, or even
start a scandal. She appreciated when people are good to her, but she
also remembers evil for a long time. In regard to offenders, ESI often
takes an irreconcilable position and ties to punish them, to take
revenge.
ESIs sensitive nature also manifests in her love of art, especially of
music. Frequently she loves to play a musical instrument, with pleasure
attends concerts, and herself loves to sing.
Se Implementation of the program.
Her ethical program ESI brings
into into life with persistence of a volitional sensing type. However,
interacting with her at a distance, it is often difficult to recognize
the resoluteness, firmness, and dedication with which she implement her
directives into real life, because this trait is often masked by
external conformity and ability to pick up on the mood of another person
and his attitude towards what is occurring around him (Fi).
For some time the ESI tries to adjust to another person, to be tactful
and considerate, but eventually she shows her inclination to exert
willful pressuring, especially if on the path of her implementing her
principles and wishes, she encounters an obstacle. In such cases the
concealed at the first glance qualities of her character manifest
demanding, exacting, and very direct nature. She will without rest and
without getting side-tacked try to get what is hers, convinced in her
right to it. If she manages to make someone obey she secretly feels
satisfied but does not openly show this.
Strong sensing function is also reflected in her disposition to be
industrious and practically active: ESI is hard-working, energetic,
fastidious, fair and conscientious all of this is especially
noticeable within her family. She generally provides for and keeps many
products, arranges for additional storage units (i.e. a garage, a shed,
etc). She is careful and assiduous with her resources and money and
replenishes them in a timely manner. She is sensitive towards
wastefulness and tries to minimize it, to put everything to use, whether
it is pieces of floor panels or food leftovers.
Such thriftiness allows her, from an early age, to save up the financial
means to attain and supply for her self-sufficient existence in life,
and even acquire things that symbolize prosperity a car, a
condominium, a country house, etc. She obtains everything through honest
hard labor, her innate resourcefulness and scrupulous economy, and not
by reckless enterprises or machinations, that often contradict her
ethical directives.
Description of the Weak Functions:
Ne Painful function. While the ESI is fully aware of what is happening
right in front of her, she is poorly aware of its historical causes and
inner context.
She finds it difficult to accept the inner world of another person. Due
to which, she is usually very thorough in selecting her life partner:
she looks at him attentively, tries to check his moral qualities in
interaction, then she tries to figure out how much they correspond to
her requirements of a partner.
It often is the case that ESI underestimates herself and her positive
qualities, feels tormented by her conscience for her flaws, considers
herself insufficiently erudite or talented, or incapable. She responds
very painfully to negative remarks in her address on such matters.
Ti Role function.
At the beginning of any task or project, ESI
attentively collects and prepares the necessary material, carefully
thinks things over everything, but afterwards she takes action
energetically and decisively. However, the weakness of this function is
exhibited by the fact that this preparatory period consumes huge
investments of her time and energy. She don’t naturally, quickly, nor
easily make rational decisions. She also finds it difficult to
objectively prioritize, to distinguish primary from the secondary: she
often does everything at once, tries to work as much as possible, and
doesn’t always correlate her capabilities to her plans. Thus it often
happens that she overloads and exhausts herself by work, while not
achieving as much as she could have achieved.
ESI at Work and at Home:
ESI’s strong sensing becomes apparent at work and in professional
sphere: her working place is usually well supplied and organized, each
instrument and object has its distinct place, nothing is ever scattered.
At work she, as a rule, is very responsible and exact, and requires the
same from others. ESI is intolerant of negligence and slacking around.
She can be harsh towards those who don’t come to work in time and who do
a poor job. If there are no reasons for dissatisfaction, she chooses a
calm, soft, and considerate style of interaction.
If she finds herself in a leadership position, ESI feels great
responsibility that keeps her under constant stress and tension. ESI’s
weak extraverted intuition, which is the reason for her often low
self-esteem, doesn’t permit her to see the potential and possibilities
of each of her colleagues. Therefore, ESI keeps watchful and sharply
alert towards any negative actions and remarks in her own respect.
Being keenly perceptive of the relations between her colleagues, ESI
easily figures out who is the non-formal leader and with success
recruits his support. She feels more at ease in a leadership position if
she shares responsibilities with someone else.
Since ESI finds it difficult to predict events and see distant future
prospects, the majority of her attention is directed at the resolution
of current tactical issues and obstacles, which most often she
successfully resolves and eliminates. She finds it easier to work under
stable conditions. Uncertainly makes her feel nervous and hesitate
before acting, for she doesn’t like taking risks. But once ESI decides
on something, she acts calmly, tenaciously, and resolutely, and follows
through with her assignments and tasks to their end.
In respect to her colleagues, she often uses persuasion and conviction
as her methods, calls to their sense of duty, conscientiousness, honesty
and holds herself calmly, with dignity, and earnestness. This is unless
she runs into someone hostile to her, in which case she can be harsh and
firm in defending her positions.
In personal relations, she is usually considerate, sensitive, sincere
and devout, capable of deep selfless feelings. But if her partner
betrays her, she often breaks off relationship immediately she doesn’t
forgive betrayal.
To protect, provide for, and care for her loved ones in first regard
the members of her own family is one of the imperatives of the
ethical-sensing program of ESI. Sometimes an impression arises that ESI
surrounds herself and a small circle of those dear to her with an
invisible wall. For these people she will do anything and won’t spare
herself. She literally serves them, dedicates all her strengths and
resources to this task, makes this be the meaning behind her life.
But is also happens that dedicating all her strengths to others, she
forgets to do something necessary for herself. In such cases, feelings
of dissatisfaction and irritation may accumulate inside of her, which
she could hold in for many months without showing them. The prolonged
stress and tension may lead to unexpected explosions; then ESI may begin
to suspect that others do nothing else by exploit her, may begin to
suspect that people close to her are dishonest, see in their actions
some malicious intents (-Ne - weak function). In this case the ESI must
be shown good will, kindness, patience, and willingness to meet her
needs; this will help her to restore the lost balance.
Summary of Functions:
The moralist, considers it important to observe moral statutes, traditions and rituals are important for they help when experiencing difficulties. Very emotional but these emotions are often deeply concealed. If she feels her kindness is being taken advantage of she can unexpectedly lash out and shout.
Uses external conformity to hide her inherent demands and persistence, which sooner or later will let themselves be known. Loves order and cleanliness and devotes much resources to achieving such. Proceeds from the general principle that purity guarantees health.
She badly sees the concealed motives and possibilities in both events and people. Is capable of assuming illusion or slyness in others where it does not exist. Weakly forecasts the course of events, especially of distant ones. Most frequently only sees the immediate profit.
Abstract theories are only dealt with, with difficulty. Conscientious, she nevertheless does not know how to make her work technologically efficient or effective. She attains successes exclusively due to her perseverance with great expenditures of time and resources.
Professional Assessment:
ESI is the innate worker of the social sphere. Wonderfully realizes
abilities in medicine, in any economic activity. Loves animals and
agricultural work, finds a worthy place in the military, as a teacher
and educator of young people knows how to create good living
conditions for those under care.
Discuss this profile on a
forum
IEE (Huxley)
¶
Intuitive-Ethical Extrovert
IEE ENFp Huxley (Instigator)
For the IEE importance is placed on whats most interesting and grippingin these they see potential possibilities and promising trends, both
in human society and in the sphere of production, and organize people
towards realizing these possibilities.
Description of the Strong Functions:
Ne Program function.
For the IEE it is most important to find, to
see, to comprehend the new possibility where there previously never was
one. Her attention is always riveted towards the unique and unusual.
Shes stimulated by new ideas and is willing to receive information from
any sources. This can lead her to unexpected scientific discoveries,
museum exhibitions, non-traditional methods of entertainment and
medicine, journeys, meeting with new people
Her interest flashes rapidly, like that of a child at the sight of a new
toy, but as soon as the object of entertainment loses its novelty she
becomes uninterested, her interest vanishes rapidly and she hurries to
be charmed by a new possibility. Because of her fresh views and openness
to new things IEE often possesses a set of abilities and talents. It
pleases her to test herself in different fields many representatives
of this psycho-type design well, can be easily trained for sports and in
musical instruments, fascinated by psychology, theatre, cinematography,
and art. They test their abilities in the moment, write verses, and are
ingenious storytellers.
As a rule IEE is very penetrating: she can easily predict what it is
possible to expect in the future from another individual, especially if
she is sufficiently familiar with him/her. As no other she knows how to
inspire, to reveal the abilities and talents of others, to manifest
support towards others to realize themselves. In people she values
kindness, uniqueness and talent. Envy is alien to her her creative
nature allows her to see many possible avenues worth following. Even in
old age shes always ready to learn new things.
Fi Creative function.
All possibilities must be made aware to
others so that they may act on them. IEE easily makes contact with
others and rapidly becomes the soul of the company. Is able to connect
with spectators and students, and is ready to play with their attention.
Her behavior is noticeably impulsive, her mood frequently varies, but
she tries to hide all of her negative experiences from others to avoid
their judgments.
IEE possesses the gift of inspiring those that surround her towards
activities, which can be considered promising and revealing in the
long-term. She finds it rather interesting to manipulate literally to
juggle with the moods of others. Here she is an experimenter, curiously
observing the reactions of others to her emotional provocations. She
wonderfully manages the emotional sphere, she gives compliments to
others and is sincere for she is always ready to notice the positive
traits inherent in others, but she may sometimes chaff, and attempt to
tease a little this is never done with actual spite but in a playful
manner, as if its a game.
Benevolence and optimism are generally inherent in people of this
psycho-type. They are eager to offer aid, but one ought not to rely too
heavily on their promises for they are often forgetful, and easily
distracted by other people.
By wonderfully understanding the moods of people IEE knows how to deftly
avoid conflict, to extinguish such with a joke. But when the reason for
conflict aligns with her inherent interests she may get caught up in the
conflict, in such situations she acts actively and decisively.
Description of the Weak Functions:
Ti Vulnerable function.
Represents working activity and always
supposes a definite organization. By this is meant punctuality, the
function of responsibilities, instruction, regulation, the hierarchy of
subordination, accountability And these are all which serve to drive
the IEE away any weighty framework that dictates to her to fulfill
responsibilities. Her creativity sees nothing as predetermined.
Therefore it is especially important that she find work in which her
gifts are revealed.
The nontrivial course of thoughts characteristic for many
representatives of this psycho-type may lead them to realize themselves
in scientific research work, where with ease they propose unexpected
views on problems. However, they poorly respond to manual labor and
logical analysis. Anything that requires they be thorough and systematic
in their investigations will lead them to quickly tire. They prefer to
hand these aspects of scientific work to others and instead assume the
role of generator of ideas. However, when they fail to find creative
work, in which something new can always be seen, their previously
indefatigable inquisitiveness severely weakens.
After having tried 10 15 different specialties she may prove to be
without anything, to have attained nothing in life, the entirety of her
talent gone unrealized. After completing necessary preparations in a new
project, if she sees something, which she finds more attractive, she may
throw away everything. She prefers not to plan, but to improvise; it is
dangerous to rely on her business qualities for she can get caught up in
the moment.
She doesnt respond well to templates and standards. IEE recognizes no
formal subordination, feels no piety towards authorities; this may lead
to trouble. The observations of authorities, especially if they, in her
opinion, are wrong, are answered to sharply disregarding of who they
are. It is therefore understandable that she is not at place in
conditions subordinate to strict authority.
Se Role function.
IEE assumes that society values daring,
decisive, volitional people, and she attempts to create about herself
the impression that she is such a person. In some cases she can actually
manifest in herself willpower, and in some situations is capable of
acting with pressure, but most frequently such pressure is not
sufficient in the long-term and her persistence proves to be
short-lived.
IEE is not too interested in the world of material things. She is not
able to keep up with it and prefers that another take charge of such
matters. She is not confident in the necessity of one purchase over
another and needs another person with which to confer. Financially shes
often negligent, her money interests her more so in terms of its
immediate use than in terms of obtaining new experiences in life.
IEE at Work and in the Home:
IEE does not aim for leadership positions for it is difficult for her to
control the collective at an intermediate level, where it is necessary
to observe regulations and transient functions from the top to the
bottom and from the bottom to the top. She is much better able to
manifest her abilities at the head of the whole collective. From this
office shes able to glance at the problem, to see prospects of
development in the enterprise, and to strategically solve such in a way
that proves greatly successful to the collective. Her ability to put
forth nontrivial ideas can prove to be the decisive factor in
competitive activity. However, the study of components should be charged
to those nearby, who will manage such better than she.
IEE also has the useful ability, at any rank of leadership, to arrange
cadres in a way that effectively uses the best abilities of each.
However, enforcing discipline, and the evaluation of works execution
and its quality should be charged to deputies.
Due to her ability to foresee new possibilities, and rapidly act on
such, she is irreplaceable in proprietor activity, in the organization
of new work, in the creation of advertising, in journalism in a sense
anywhere her ardor, and curiosity to the novel, works together with her
ability to establish contacts.
In relations towards representatives of intimate attraction the IEE has
a tendency towards newness and change. In the conjugal life this
position is rarely well understood by others. If her partner does not
know how to always be novel and mysterious then her love can rapidly die
out. Its helpful if her significant other possesses stability, the
patience to understand that each new entertainment will pass just as
rapidly as the one before. Otherwise it will be difficult to avoid
scandals and separation.
Domestic economical activity is completely alien to IEE. She attempts to
solve household problems with a minimum of effort, finding no pleasure
in this.
Despite the fact that IEE corresponds weakly to the family ideals of
society shes able to adapt by means of constant newness and mutability
It is not surprising that even at an elderly age she retains the ability
to charm and be charmed by others.
Summary of Functions:
For the IEE it is most important to find and comprehend the most important and most interesting to find, to see, to comprehend new possibilities where there previously was none. From a set of variants is capable of selecting the most controversial and promising in the long-term. Loves to dream and fantasize, can sufficiently forecast the course of events.
Possesses the gift of inspiring people towards long-term promising activities. Knows how to juggle the moods and relations of those that surround her. Conceals negative moods within her so as not to suffer others judgments; but is more willing to share with friends, in this regard.
Regime, duty, regulations, accountability, all disarm her. Finds it difficult to be inscribed in any framework. Works exclusively based on her mood, is better able to focus on big picture work than to be occupied by thorough study.
In regards to volitional methods acts exclusively for purposes of defense. Is not very attracted to the material world, finds it difficult to keep up, is often negligent in regards to her finances.
Professional Assessment:
IEE’s ability to foresee new possibilities is irreplaceable in
proprietorship, in the organization of new work, in advertising, in
journalism, anywhere their ardor, curiosity for novelty, can be combined
with their ability to establish contacts. Representatives of this type
may also work in the sciences, with ease proposing an unexpected view
towards a problem; some of them also work successfully as psychologists.
Discuss this profile on a
forum
SLI (Gabin)
¶
Sensory-Logical Introvert
SLI ISTp Jean Gabin (Artisan)
The orientation of ego block of SLI: Everything in the world must be
harmonious, proportional and balanced; the best way to achieve this is
through aesthetical, qualitative activity.
Descriptions of the Strong Functions:
Si Program function.
Represented by the sensation of harmony,
beauty and health. Everything must be balanced in the best way possible.
At the same time, beauty must be combined with usefulness: this is
applied to his work, relations with people, decoration and furnishing of
living quarters, and in the comprehensive development of a physically
healthy body.
SLI has very good memory for colors, odors, and somatic sensations; he
can easily recreate these in his mind. He may be able to recall the
taste of some food years later. In many respects, he is an aesthete.
Often representatives of this type possess developed artistic sense. His
perception is characteristically steady and contemplative, and outwardly
unemotive. He is not one of those individuals who, with sensual energy,
immediately dive into basic sensory pleasures: he prefers to leisurely
“relish” his experiences, timely distinguishing and separating the
pleasant from the unpleasant ones. The surrounding world begets in him a
broad scope of sensations to which he’s very attentive. He adeptly
perceives his internal physical states, understands the abilities of his
body, and therefore, may successfully engage himself in sports of
predominately individual types. Even if due to some life circumstances
SLI is distant from sport, nevertheless a healthy mode of life is
necessary for him, since it provides him with a general feeling of being
harmonious, sensible and balanced.
This function’s manifestation is especially noticeable in SLI’s exterior
appearance: he always dresses appropriately in a simple, elegant, sporty
style his clothing is chosen primarily based on functionality and
convenience.
Te Implementation of the program.
In order to realize the program
of the first function, to make things more convenient, useful, and
attractive, SLI engages in practical activity. SLI indeed displays high
mastery in his work. Anything he takes on, he strives to bring to
perfection. He works thoroughly, while improving and polishing his
methods, and makes the result not only useful but also attractively
designed. He understands well the possibilities of using one material or
instrument over another, and knows precisely in which cases one will
work better than another. He studies examples of high-quality work. He
is interested in the most effective methodology. In work, prefers
unhurried manner and soundness. If necessary, he can work from early in
the morning until late at night. In such cases, he will spend effort to
create shortcuts that will make his labor more convenient or pleasant
for himself.
SLI knows how to focus on the primary objective whilst not forgetting
about the specifics. This ability is inherent to him in reading
lectures, in setting up his living space, in conducting instruction and
training. If, in his point of view, he has attained mastery in some
subject or activity, then he will change his objective: he finds it
tiresome to be occupied with the same routine work over a long period of
time. In this manner his irrationality manifests itself.
Before starting on a new project, SLI spends time making sufficient
preparations, accumulates and infers about pertinent information, gather
necessary supplies and materials. He likes to first try out different
things, to experiment, so that he better senses the possibilities of
forthcoming work.
On the one hand, he is characterized by stubbornness and perseverance,
on the other hand has a certain measure of inertness. He may “prolong”
and “delay”, until all the deadlines are near, then rapidly mobilize at
the last minute and complete his assignments or work. He will not take
up dubious work, but prefers reliability, definitiveness, certainty,
calculations rather than unsound risk.
He loves to work completely autonomously, independently, so that he
wouldn’t have to adapt himself to anyone else. He is especially
irritated by illogical, unsound instructions.
Description of the Weak Functions:
Fe Painful function.
SLI prefers to conceal his emotions.
Outwardly he seems impenetrable and unemotional. This is partly due to
the fact that he is poorly capable of detecting the moods of people
around him and also he fears that showing his emotions may seem
inappropriate or ridiculous. This forces him to retain a psychological
distance. However, this distance should not be dejecting: if anyone asks
SLI for help, he most likely won’t turn the person down, but will listen
and provide aid, and even sympathize with the misfortune.
However, he possesses a degree of sensitivity and sentimentality: he
will take up a common cause or work in order to demonstrate his
disposition towards people, instead of showing it with emotions.
Introspection is also not his element.
In conflict situations SLI tries to stay away from possible scandals. To
a certain point, he will be calm, steady and inert. However, if someone
suddenly invades his sacred psychological “territory”, where no one is
allowed, or attempts to afflict his personal sense of value SLI can
unexpectedly flare up and be driven into fury. In such a state, he may
lose control of himself and is even capable of striking the offender. In
regards to his emotions, just as with practical tasks, he warms up
slowly, and afterwards he cannot be quickly swayed or calmed
especially after an explosion. Here, his particular type of inertness
also applies.
Ni Role function.
Flights of fantasy and blurry boundlessness
such things are not characteristic of SLI. He cannot sufficiently
evaluate the long-term prospects of one task over another or accurately
predict someone’s actions, and thus finds it difficult to solve
strategic problems. Sometimes he makes mistakes in judging people and is
inclined to view them in a more positive, advantageous light, and then
later feels deceived by his expectations. In his designs and assessments
of future prospects, he has to depend on his ability to make realistic
estimates rather than intuition. For additional certainty, he discusses
his plans with his colleagues, to confirm that they correspond to the
established regulations and norms, which others deem sensible.
SLI at Work and at Home:
As a leader SLI implements his plans with regards to aesthetics and
practicality; therefore his products and results are often of high
quality and beautiful design. However, he doesnt strive to be leader,
even if he is gifted with talents. If, nevertheless, it was necessary to
occupy a position of leadership, he will first attempt to understand who
is capable of what, as it is more rational to assign each worker to a
job that corresponds with his or her level of skill. In management SLI
adheres to the principles of the collegiality and tries to materially
stimulate his coworkers to do their work.
He finds it difficult to make prognoses about development of production
over long periods of time. He is better at resolving immediate, tactical
questions, rather than assessing long-term goals and outcomes; therefore
it is better that he leads a smaller group.
He prefers to solve conflict situations by method of compromise.
However, if the conflict touches on his fundamental principles and
values, then he will not surrender his position.
The characteristic qualities of his nature manifest most vividly in his
family life. He is a good family man, leisurely, solid and reliable. It
is very important for him to provide for his family materially: to
ensure there are sufficient supplies of food, clothing, foot wear for
all family members. He often enjoys interacting with his children,
looking after them. While children sometimes distress him, hes rarely
truly hurt. Frequently he is a good educator, restrained and reasonable.
He is inclined to take the weak under his calm and reliable protection.
Not only does he not avoid domestic tasks, but he truly enjoys them. He
himself may wonderfully and thoroughly repair the apartment, firmly and
solidly build a house, work on the vegetable-garden Only don’t try to
hurry him or goad him this irritates him greatly.
Summary of Functions:
Principally represented by the sensation of harmony, beauty and physical state. Everything must be balanced. Knows how to create his own invisible territory, is characterized by his perseverance, which sometimes passes into the realm of obstinacy; however is not inclined to aggression.
Knows how to use improvised material in obtaining practical results. Loves qualitative, scrupulous, and serial operations. Attempts to understand the general similarities in universal laws, to add details in the global scheme.
Conceals his emotions, fears seeming ridiculous, retains a psychological distance. He seems steady and inert, however, is capable of unexpectedly flaring up if his sense of self-respect is threatened. Considers the observance of traditions and norms of behavior necessary and useful not due to his internal sensations but due to the pragmatic benefits.
Finds it difficult to foresee the ripening of various events, is not inclined to fantasies. Does not trust information sources, must check everything himself. Finds it difficult to invent something new prefers to adapt something already known to his practical needs.
Professional Assessment:
Is successful in any industrial or practical activity. A master in work,
loves to work independently or in a small group, does not aim for
offices of leadership. Can prove to be a capable artist, designer,
musician. Connection with physical state and surroundings may lead to
medicine, sports, and also to professions connected with cuisine
(cooking).
Discuss this profile on a
forum
LSE (Stierlitz)
¶
Logical-Sensory Extrovert
LSE ESTj Stierlitz (Administrator)
To the LSE primary focus in life is in reasonably directed labor. Work
must be organized in such a way that is convenient and properly
rewarded.
Description of the Strong Functions:
Te Program function.
For the logical extrovert the reality of the
external world is above all. She is directed towards practical activity.
The sphere of production and technology interests her. She knows how to
rationally and effectively work. LSEs thinking carries a clearly
expressed practical direction. The practical possibility of designing
and choosing articles in daily life, the implementation of labor
interests
Any dispute for her is a serious argument this is a fact. She herself
gives actual proofs to her proofs and requires that others do the same.
In beginning a task she thoroughly assembles the relevant information,
analyzes the possible variants, and only acts if the components of
everything are clear to her. This tactic permits her to act logically,
rationally and economically.
Shes irritated by incompetent directions in such situations may
manifest sharpness or flare up. But if her opponent convincingly
substantiates his/her proofs, LSE will peacefully assume the task. Valid
laws are essential since they are integral to the concept of objective
reality and such institutions of statehood as parliaments, ministries,
law courts, penitentiaries etc. Any form of society is impossible
without valid laws, and therefore LSE relates with proper respect to
facts that are guarded by laws; she is the innate lawyer.
Her innate feeling of discipline may lead her into military educational
institutions; many excellent officers are representatives of this
psycho-type.
Si Creative function.
In order to assume as much qualitative
production as possible it is necessary to make labor efficient. It is
only possible to achieve this through the excellent organization of
labor, and this is constantly the aim of the LSE. She considers that
there always and everywhere must be order, at work and in the home. Any
object prepared by her hands is completed, as a rule, conscientiously
and accurately, be it a knitted blo
As a sensor, LSE is concrete in everything, however, in connection with
her rationality, which stipulates the difficulty of her switching to
another activity, this concrete style of behaviour can develop into
obstinacy. People of this psycho-type are capable of maintaining an
identical viewpoint of something over a long period of time. It is
difficult for her to disconnect from such a state of mind.
Her ability to concentrate all her resources on the work by which she is
occupied, and to be untiring and firm in such work, requires that she
relax. Relaxation for LSE is often found in sports. She prefers team
activities: football, volleyball, tourism These wonderfully combine the
ability to live in a group whilst at the same time retaining her
individuality.
She does not impose excessive requirements on reality, she is inclined
to look on things reasonably and also with optimism. Hence she meets any
anomaly, which destroys her order (i.e. disease) with full-forced
internal protest; such must not enter her life! Her entire mental system
gravitates towards sincere health and a clear logic of interrelations
with the object world.
Descriptions of the Weak Functions:
Ni Vulnerable function. LSE painfully experiences any type of
uncertainty. It is desirable that everything be planned before-hand, to
precisely know what will happen tomorrow, in the week, in the month, in
the year. Uncertainty, for her, is the most severe vital problem, it
makes her nervous and she attempts to surmount it with all her
resources.
LSE is not inclined to give herself up to dreams and fantasies, she
finds it difficult to create an internal world that is not connected
with reality her attention is always concentrated on the exterior of
things. Therefore she often doesnt realize the deeper essence of a
person or event, but makes judgments based on what she sees (i.e. in
regards to whether the man is respectable) and finds her point of view
to be sufficiently reasoned.
Her consciousness assumes no mysticism, nothing beyond that which may be
seen, touched and checked. Because of the weakness of her introverted
intuition she will never compose an intuitive forecast of events, but
will prefer to act by means of her strong logical function: thus she
will count on things but not foresee them.
Particularly, due to the weakness of intuition, LSE cannot always catch
on to the trends of development, prospects for one or another form of
production, the possibility of demand for one or another commodity. It
is therefore not surprising that she neither hurries to use innovation
in the house nor at work nor in administrative activity. May even wear
the same suit for years (though nevertheless will wear it properly and
aesthetically). In general, in regards to clothing, she is more so
guided by worthwhileness (formal fashion), does not so much love avant
garde styles.
Extroverted intuition is also not among the strong qualities of the LSE:
for example, she finds it difficult to correctly evaluate and to sense
the nature of other people, their true motives, which push them toward
one activity over another.
Fe Role function.
In relations with people LSE works out a
definite image, style of behaviour, which she considers adequate. By
this is meant correctness, restraint, politeness, and good breeding. Her
style, in this regard, can be considered stereotypically English in
mannerism. Usually her behaviour is subordinated to certain norms,
standards, effected by community expectations, as she understands them.
But if a situation departs from the customary framework she is lost,
in the absence of flexibility she finds it difficult to rapidly change
her style of behaviour.
She lacks the ability to sense the emotional state another, the degree
of his/her vulnerability. Therefore LSE frequently will try to aid
others in work but avoid the manifestation of feelings. To her
significant other she finds it more easy to give a gift than to say, I
love you. If such is requested from her he may appear astonished,
feeling that her feelings are already evident.
She is sometimes prone to emotional flashes, in a difficult situation
she may suddenly explode and shout. But this flash easily passes: this
psycho-type does not characteristically accumulate stress. Nevertheless
the memory of such situations remains with her for a long time, thus now
and again she seems rancorous.
LSE at Work and in the Home:
Under normal conditions LSE is exact and detailed, moderately energetic,
a concrete thinker, able to cloth any idea in flesh and blood. All of
her apparent behaviour can be described by the words: adequate to the
situation. She does not necessarily strive towards authority but will
also never prove to be an outsider, assumes the situation according to
what is proper for her.
She does not torment herself with existential questions, and at the same
time is overly prone to egotism.
From all thats stated above its clear that LSE, as a professional, is
best suited for any work where concrete, operational, competent
decisions are necessary.
Her ability to work effectively, to think logically, her tendency
towards objectivity and respect for law, understanding the needs of
people, and also the ability to create comfortable working conditions
for them, make LSE suitable for advancement into offices of leadership.
Being, by nature, conservative and a supporter of tested methods, she is
much better suited towards tactics, rather than strategy, prefers
evolutionary development to jumps and risky activities.
LSE easily manages administrative work, connected with business
documentation. She is a good organizer at any scale. She is not only
capable of investigating the problems of the whole collective, but also
of the individuals within; without disregarding the needs of people. At
the same time, when she must, she knows how to be a strict leader, since
she is convinced that for the efficient use of material and human
resources a solid hand is necessary.
All the LSEs characteristics of psyche are also developed in family
life. She has a high feeling of responsibility and will even force
herself to carry the burden of an unsuccessful family. She considers her
childrens education a duty, which cannot be lifted. If in charge of the
household performs excellently, is inclined to work excessively on
domestic tasks, require that all adhere to the rules determined by her.
Fills her home with anything useful, loves to make domestic
contributions, if adequate material is available. The male LSE will not
reject helping his wife with the economy, can prepare dinner, wash the
floor, give sufficient attention to children.
In relations with other people she will not characteristically use
cunning to manipulate. In difficult situations she acts on what shes
discovered: she will obtain what she deserves! this principle is
carried to the same degree to those around her.
In extreme situations appears volitionally, capable of withstanding the
test and of persevering with a sense of duty.
Summary of Functions:
Aimed at practical activity. knows how to create high-quality production, prefers to work accurately and consistently, knows how to use labor efficiently. Is inclined towards a detail-oriented fundamental approach. In community life observes the conventional rules.
Aims for commensurability and balance in search of general harmony. To work effectively is convenient. In life is satisfied with necessities. Frequently has photographic memory. Easily evaluates the volitional qualities of people close by, but does not attempt to suppress anyone. Behaves adequately according to the situation. Does not overly strive to lead but also wont follow.
Doesnt bother self with anything that cannot be seen or touched. Fantasies are not their thing. Poorly foresees the possibilities of anything, prefers to adhere to the tried and true methods. Conservative.
Weakly orientated in the sphere of emotions, in the nuances of experiences. Cannot always control feelings, is capable of exploding and shouting. Considers it necesssaryto observe the norms of behaviour and morals, adheres to the image of a restrained well-bred person, but in uncommon situations can feel lost and not know how to act.
Profession Assessment:
Realizes self best in any practical activity production, construction,
medicine (surgeon); capable of becoming a good administrator at any
level, a jurist. Successfully manages in military service, in law, the
primary industries, in professional sports, a good trainer.
Discuss this profile on a
forum
EII (Dostoevsky)
¶
Ethical-Intuitive Introvert
EII INFj Dostoevsky
The orientation of main functional block of EII: the conditions of
normal life, harmony in human relations, the observance of ethical norms
and morals, conservation of traditions. For purposes of this, EII
devotes herself to improving and perfecting ethical values, strives to
teach and cultivate moral refinement and spirituality in others, seeks
veritable qualities in people.
Descriptions of the Strong Functions:
Fi Program function.
Introverted ethics in first function
designate a person for whom the main orientation in life is making
judgments about good and evil, morals and depravity, decency and
dihonorableness. EII very acutely feels the general trends and standards
of behavior which prevail in a society or a social group. She is usually
mindful of these norms in order to not be insulting to other people.
When she first joins a new group, she holds herself back and behaves
tactfully conforming to established norms, meanwhile observing and
assessing the psychological atmosphere. Once she has absorbed the
existing atmosphere, only then she considers becoming a full-fledged
member of the community and establishes her influence in regards to its
psychological atmosphere.
When encountering people who are disadvantaged, outcast, unhappy, or
weak she experiences a desire to emotionally support them and console
them. Thus others will frequently refer to her with their troubles, and
she will listen to their grievances and confessions sometimes for hours.
She tries to sympathize, to enter their personal position, to feel their
emotional pain as if it is her own, to accept the person and give them
moral support.
EII is very sensitive and emotional, however, her introversion turns all
her experiences inward, and thus these qualities are not always
observable from the outside. Sometimes she appears as calm and
impassive, but this impression is illusory, for every event, even those
popularly deemed insignificant, leaves a trace in her soul that survives
for a long time. As a rule, she represses her anger and irritation, and
the desire to criticize others in herself.
One of the characteristic qualities of EII when she has taken offense is
the creation of a psychological barrier between herself and the
offender. In such cases, she take the position of emphatically cold
politeness and answer all questions monosyllabically. For some people
such behavior of this sociotype is difficult to endure; they’d prefer
that the EII shouts or somehow expressed her anger and indignation. It
is not an easy state for her either. However, if the offender asks for
forgiveness and shows his desire to change the situation, then this
state of offense may rapidly pass.
High emotionalism in combination with rationality frequently make the
EII to focus on some past traumatic situation; she thinks it over and
over again. In her consciousness, a center of excitation is created that
overshadows all other aspects of life when this occurs. In these cases,
she finds it difficult to focus on anything else. Mentally, again and
again, she returns to the same point; she may speak repeatedly about it,
and annoy others around her with these recollections.
Ne Implementation of the program.
To create harmony in life, EII
searches for people’ veritable, core values. These values she often
finds in realm of ethical virtues and spirituality. Even in youth,
through her imagination, EII forms a certain ideal that she attempts to
reach. A feeling of obligation often lies at the foundation of her
program function. Thus, the smallest divergence in behavior away from
this ideal causes the EII to chastise and restrain herself. In this
journey towards self-perfection, EII can become her own worst tyrant.
This tyranny of this sense of obligation in its extreme manifestations
can even lead the EII to develop contempt for herself. It can also lead
her to feel contemptuous and critical of others, when their behavior
fails to correspond with her ideal of decency and ethical values. This
sort of maximalism, characteristic of EII in her youth, can lead to
confrontations and conflicts with her peers, which weigh heavily upon
her and are very trying for her.
Since her ethical ideal and norms, that she feels are compulsory to
strive for, tend to be extremely high and difficult to live up to, she
may gradually develop an increasing and continuous feeling of shame
before everyone for her failings. Due to this feeling, with great
difficulty does she assert herself and protect her rights. She considers
that if she has failed in something it is punishment for her mistakes.
This sense of guilt can accompany the EII throughout her entire life.
She has little interest in career advancement and material values as
main goals for her existence. The main thing for her is to find her
purpose, to make something of her life before it passes by, to realize
her innate abilities and talents. For the ideas that EII advocates, she
is willing to go to the “executioners bloc”. In psychologically extreme
situations, she does not care how others evaluate and judge her, because
her own inner trials are the most severe ones. However, in ordinary
situations EII prefers to avoid conflicts, assuming that kindness and
decency are the best ways of resolving any misunderstandings.
Descriptions of the Weak Functions:
Se Painful function.
Witnessing instances of physical violence and
application of force is usually unpleasant for the EII. She develops a
negative gut reaction in response to physical punishments, abuse, and
conflict, especially if these lead to someone’s death, sometimes even if
these are merely representations on television. Such spectacles incite
in EII the desire to put an end to violence. Her protest becomes more
vivid and sharp when she sees this happening in real life, especially if
the abuse and punishment is directed at children.
EII considers that each person should aim for betterment,
self-improvement and self-erudition, and harshness with which she
applies this to herself is often unrealistic and inadequate for
ordinary, real life. In this, the vulnerability of her weak sensing
functions manifests itself. It should be noted that on vulnerable
function, the person’s reactions do not correspond to the circumstances
she can be both unjustifiably strong and too weak.
The EII is very sensitive to authoritative and overbearing notes in her
address. Frequently she works haplessly at tasks due to her
underdeveloped business logic. If, in addition to this, she is forced to
do more, she interprets this as the underestimation of her diligence and
may simply discontinue working, while an appeal to her feeling of
responsibility can for long time keep her in the state of work activity.
The orientation towards the ideal, constant work on herself from one
side, and the difficulty of emotional recharge from another, make the
EII eventually feel tired of herself. This often lends to disorders of
her nervous system. Contact with nature greatly assists her in her
struggle to relax; instinctively she strives for a healthy mode of life.
In resolving problems that have to do with housekeeping, EII tends to be
inefficient. To purchase quality food, to adequately suture a piece of
clothing, to do laundry on all of these she resolves expanding too
much effort than is necessary. If it was up to her to dictate her life,
she would wish to not have to deal with the chores. Yet the EII never
ceases in spending too much time and energy on each task. She feels that
she must maintain cleanliness and order, because she cannot live in
disorder and she also considers it shameful to allow others to witness
disorder in her living space. The absence of money greatly alarms and
suppresses her, if this occurs, because she does not feel confident in
her ability to obtain resources when they are exhausted. Thus she saves
and strives to always have money around, just in case “for the rainy
day”. Weakness in sensing also manifests in her difficulty understanding
whether some thing will be needed in future or not. Thus, she is prone
to hoarding and keeping things for years, which most other people would
have thrown out long time ago.
Ti Role function.
EII thinks over all her actions beforehand,
defining concrete goals or imperatives that are of primary importance to
reach. This approach does not always succeed due to her emotionalism
which frequently pushes or pulls her away the original direction she
planned to follow. Nevertheless she tries to organize her activity into
a specific system, bring about order, which requires vast efforts from
her.
The normative nature of this function in EII is especially clearly seen
in how ardently this sociotype abides by the laws and regulations. She
follows exactly the official norms and regulations that are endorsed in
her society.
Trying to work as conscientiously as possible, EII doesn’t always do so
effectively. Thus she wastes much of her time in an unproductive
fashion. She sometimes compensates for this by working from dawn to
dawn. She finds it difficult to bind her workday within a reasonable
framework: there always seems to be something that is unfinished.
Frequently, she wants to realize herself in that which doesn’t work out
for her. As a consequence of her efforts at self-improvement, she
sometimes wholly devotes herself to work, which contradicts her nature,
but the feeling of responsibility exceeds her other needs.
EII at Work and at Home:
If the EII finds herself in a leadership position, the burden of
responsibility not only for herself but also for her coworkers weigh
heavily on her and present a difficult challenge. She deeply feels any
mistake, any mishap, trying at best of her abilities to complete the
assigned work. Occupying a position of management, the EII is able to
conflict with inconsiderate and shirking subordinates, or even with
higher authorities, if she senses that the interests of her collective
are being unfairly infringed or disregarded. In both cases, at the
forefront is not her personal interest but the feeling of responsibility
for her project and her workgroup.
In relation with subordinates the EII prefers to keep honest more
often will deny something than make a promise that she cannot fulfill.
For her an ideal situation is when her subordinates also like minded
people who share in her ideas, with whom EII can work together towards a
common cause. She evaluates people, not according to what position they
occupy, but whether they have personal qualities which correspond to her
ethical standards.
Since warm, friendly relations, trust, an atmosphere of love and mutual
understanding, are the main program for EII, a large part of her life is
her family, where, in ideal, she hopes to realize this program.
Unfortunately, relations frequently prove to be distant from the ideal,
and this circumstance is the most traumatic for EII, who is very
sensitive from one side, but externally restrained from another.
EII rarely considers cheating, not because she fears her partner finding
out, but because it contradicts with her ethical norms. Even if her
relations with her spouse are not great, she will all the same try to
maintain benevolence and warmth in the relationship; it happens that EII
will sacrifice herself for the sake of her children.
Summary of Functions:
The main interest of EII is focused on the moral norms of behavior, considers it necessary to listen to all whom require their sympathy and help. Very emotional but believes that one ought not to concentrate just on the bad things, but to seek the positive sides of life.
Possesses an excellent eye for promising long-range opportunities; knows how to manipulate variants and select the most promising one. Prefers methodical activities, is frequently disturbed by the future.
Relates poorly to anything involving violence. While on one hand they resist external pressures, on the other theyre prone to tyrannize themselves internally. Find it difficult to efficiently complete household tasks, organize their budget, and purchase necessary things.
Subordinate themselves to a system of order so long as not theyre not forced. Does not develop interest in theories of an abstract nature. Not always capable of organizing work efficiently, spends much time ineffectively spending resources, capable of overworking in order to make up for this.
Professional Assessment:
Their abilities can be well applied within the spheres of spiritual
knowledge, enlightenment and religion. Can also teach, the EII feels a
particular propensity towards psychology. Many representatives of this
psycho-type realize themselves in art, but only if not related to
performing in front of a large audience; also can successfully teach
humanities/art.
Discuss this profile on a
forum |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/ILE_vera.html | ILE by Stratiyevskaya¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
ILE by Stratiyevskaya
¶
By
Vera Stratievskaya
, Reference:
Socionics from Stratievskaya
.
Return to type description
main page
Ego block
¶
1st function - Ne Extraverted intuition
¶
For the ENTp (ILE) “Don Quixote” the study of any subject is, first of all, a study of the prospects that open up before him. The ability to see new opportunities and new prospects that arise before him - is ILE’s strongest and most characteristic trait.
The ENTp is a dreamer and romantic, who captivates himself and others with his ideas. A lack of participation of others in his plans is painfully experienced by him. He is irritated by people that are incapable of or don’t want to fantasize and dream. Grounded “realists” who treat the products of his imagination as empty and worthless risk finding in him an ardent and irreconcilable opponent.
For the ENTp, thinking and fantasizing - are two inseparable things. While thinking, the ILE fantasizes; while fantasizing, he thinks.
Representatives of this type show phenomenal abilities in many different spheres of intellectual creative activities, generating ideas and proposing hypotheses, which leave the achievements of their current era several centuries behind. Their contributions to the development of society’s intellectual progress cannot be overvalued. Prominent representatives of this type are rightfully considered to be founders of many scientific directions and schools. Discovery of new horizons and new perspectives in scientific, artistic, and socio-political spheres - is their greatest purpose.
Truly amazing and admirable is ENTp’s ability to understand the very essence of things with unfathomable quickness. Last of all the ILE needs the thing being explained to be “laid out shelf-by-shelf” for him. The ILE becomes extremely irritated if he is treated as slow-thinking. Usually, the ILE will himself “control the pace” of information exchange and learning new material: he will hint to his conversation partner that he has already understood everything that has been said and that the presentation can move further.
While comprehending the meaning of a new phenomenon, the ENTp is already thinking about its possible applications. In childhood, during school years, young representatives of this type often make an impression of being students who are in their thoughts and absent from their class. Their teachers, as a rule, do not suspect that the meaning of the material has been already understood, and now the ENTp is now simply independently thinking it over, disconnecting from annoying explanations that are meant for “slow thinking blockheads”, and that slow down his own creative thoughts that are incomparably more important and interesting than the school teacher’s simple and primitive examples.
Barely discovering new possibilities for himself, the ILE begins to activate those around him for new and original projects. The ILE himself or herself actively participates in their design and setup, later allowing others to help with their realization.
The ENTp dislikes getting stuck with one and the same project, with one and the same idea, but it would be a mistake to consider him a person of erratic and unstable interests. The ILE loses interest for his project only in several cases: if he no longer sees any possibilities for its realization, or the realization of this project is entering the final phase, while at this time a new, more promising idea appears on his doorstep.
Note
Editor’s note: This is also conditioned by the fact that ILE is a Process type. Process types experience most difficulties at transitional stages, when they have to finish or start on something.
Quick switches to new, more interesting projects are quite characteristic of the ENTp. In his or her understanding, it is pointless to waste time on something, which has been almost thought through to its conclusion, while the horizons of new opportunities are constantly expanding, opening access to new ideas and undertakings.
While being captivated by something, the ENTp cannot get distracted by another matter. Therefore, it’s not enough to say that the ILE prefers to do only what interests him — rather the ILE is unable to do that, which does not interest him. We can confidently say that mandatory, forced education of some required subject is a painful torture and outright abuse of themselves for any representatives of this type.
Intuition and inspiration are the ENTp’s genuine and meticulously guarded valuables. In any situation, the ENTp defends his or her right to act as his or her intuition and inspiration suggest. All the possible instructions, directives, regulations, and mandates are definitely not for people of this type. In ILE’s perception and understanding, a rigid work schedule or timetable — is an abuse of his inspiration. Why should he have to generate his ideas at some predetermined time?!
Being captivated by his work, the ENTp is capable of showing exceptional industriousness and miracles of efficiency, but in those periods when the idea has not yet ripened and is only being thought over, the ENTp can make a completely erroneous impression of a person who is languished from boredom. In reality, wherever he is and whomever he is talking to, whether he is asleep or awake, the ENTp’s thinking is capable of catching any, even seemingly the most insignificant, impulses that could possibly interest the ILE, and in future find a reflection in his ideas, hypotheses, and projects.
Any new information can become a source of inexhaustible inspiration for the ENTp. The intellectual creativity of people of this type is a constant and uninterrupted process. If the ILE stops generating ideas for even a half hour or an hour, then he is either sick or exhausted. In either case, it is a very troubling symptom.
“Don Quixote” — is always an audacious fantasy combined with a tireless and inquisitive mind. Bravely putting aside all obsolete and non-viable systems, the ILE opens up new horizons of the future before his contemporaries, considering it his duty to think today about the problems that the humankind will have to face tomorrow.
The ideas, theories, and projects, in whose world the ENTp lives and exists, with all their seeming fantasticality, seem to him personally as realistically implementable and in no shape or form torn from the reality, because they are founded on realistic actual information and on the understanding of the real essence of things. By virtue of this perception, many representatives of ILE type consider themselves to be true realists and categorically disagree with being labeled as romantics, fantasizers, and empty dreamers.
The ENTp has a habit of generously sharing his ideas. And the more generously he shares them, the more actively he generates them. And because the ENTp understands better than anyone else that “it is impossible to grasp the ungraspable”, he is more likely to agree to have other people work out and patent his ideas, than to allow his “offspring” to perish at the root without ever developing into at least semi-serious projects. Therefore, the best thing that an ENTp interested in research and development can wish for himself is to obtain the opportunity to head a research and work group that is capable of developing and working out wide-ranging and prospective projects.
The ideas of ILEs, as a rule, are designed and oriented at bringing happiness to all humankind or at least some part of it — it is for this reason that ILEs appear as naive dreamers who wear rosy glasses in the eyes of their contemporaries. History has proven the possibility of realization of practically all of ENTp’s ideas. The allegation that not every idea has been successfully realized can be explained by both miscalculations of ENTps, who are inclined to go to great extents in ignoring and shunning facts that would be adverse to the popularization of the ideas they are developing, as well as the miscalculations and mistakes of the implementers of their ideas, who frequently alter ILE’s theories towards their own aims.
ENTp’s circle of interests is extremely wide. In fact, ILE’s astounding erudition combines with an exceptionally deep understanding in numerous and various and not always directly related spheres in an amazing way. Intellectually, the ENTp lives very broadly with much fulfillment and saturation. The ENTp takes from life the most interesting and wonderful things, and in return generously bestows upon it the fruits of his creativity, which are quite enough for his contemporaries, and even contain a surplus for his descendants and future generations.
Many representative of ILE type are endowed with a magnificent memory for numbers and historical dates. At any minute, they can recite a quote or excerpt from some literary composition or scientific work with astounding accuracy. They can freely recreate any encyclopedic data from memory (a “walking library”).
The ENTp receives any new information, new methods, new approaches, and new possibilities with much enthusiasm. By virtue of his optimism, the he often counts on the best, most favorable course and outcome of events. He often thinks about how things could be or should be, and not about how things actually are. Reality introduces its own correctives into ENTp’s hopes and calculations, in unfortunately not always an opportune manner.
The ENTp is endowed with an quality to distance himself away from reality in his thoughts, since fantasy and inspiration can take over him at any time and in any place. This explains certain absentmindedness that is characteristic of people of this type, due to which the ENTp can easily forget not only where he had placed something, but also where he is himself. The ILE may not hear that someone is talking to him, not see that there is a person right next to him. He can smile at his own thoughts, converse or argue with himself. He may forget to greet a person because, at that moment, he is not thinking about manners at all. (For ENTps, the society’s rules of conduct, just as any other set of rules, do not constitute an indisputable truth.)
The ENTp is capable of pulling off an extravagant maneuver or scheme. In fact, for him, extravagancy is not only means of self-expression, but also an opportunity to attract attention to his ideas and activities.
The ENTp is attracted and interested in anyone who can create original ideas, who is capable of seeing unusual in the ordinary, and finding hidden opportunities where it seems as if nothing could be invented further. Anyone who is incapable of doing this are not worth much in his understanding.
The ENTp can quite accurately describe the character, capabilities, and potential of people around him (unfortunately, not always in a tactful manner). He is able of accurately evaluating the intellectual potential of his conversation partners.
The ENTp can and likes to develop his own capabilities and skills. In fact, he engages in this process very seriously. Any hindrance in this is perceived by him as an infringement on his rights.
The ENTp does not like to admit his own mistakes, therefore he always finds an explanation for his failures. Most often, he “writes them off” on other people. This can be explained by the fact that, first of all, the ENTp does not forgive himself for his own mistakes. He therefore tries to whitewash himself in the eyes of others, so as to not aggravate his suffering with their criticisms and reproaches.
The ENTp is inclined to advertise and show himself off (especially in his youth) as well as to overestimate his own potential. However, in a circle of close friends, the ILE can share his regrets about back luck and his own personal failure.
Being subjected to prolonged psychological discomfort, especially as a child or a teen, the ENTp can depart from reality into fantasy life, into the sphere of completely made-up fantasies, where he attempts to creatively realize himself: he imagines and thinks up various fantastical stories about himself and about his friends, draws pictures that only he is able to understand, writes poetry. In a word, the ILE contrives another life, which seems to exist on the other side of his reality. In this other life, everything occurs in the best possible and desired by him way. Furthermore, it sometimes appears to be the main life that he leads. The events and characters of his made-up life are sometimes more strongly and brightly remembered by him than real life events. The ILE prefers not to tell anyone about this fantasy life, except maybe the people closest to him and those who understand him best; this is his deep, carefully guarded secret.
The ENTp is characterized by a deeply ingrained sense of independence and internal freedom. Therefore, his second, “unreal” life comes into play as an extra “space for existence” in cases when his actual reality becomes too unbearable to live in.
It is impossible to make the ENTp to think “like everybody else”, impossible to push him into a framework of convention, and impossible to forbid him to freely speak and express himself.
Irrespective of whether other people feel comfortable around him or not — he is how and who he is. Everything else is a problem of people who are personally incompatible with him.
2nd Function - Ti Introverted logic
¶
In order to adopt any system of values, the ENTp needs to first logically understand it, to clarify and grasp it logically.
The ENTp must have a clear, logical image of every event, phenomenon, and “super-phenomenon”, else various superstitions start to overcome him. The ILE will feel very poorly until he can logically explain a phenomenon to himself.
The ENTp prefers to arrive at everything through his own reason and thoughts. For example, if during an exam, he does not know the proof for some theorem, then he may re-invent the proof again without a problem, using his own approach.
Ability to reason the ENTp considers to be the most valuable characteristic in both himself and other people. The ILE attributes huge significance to intellectual creativity and development of intellectual abilities. If he is a teacher, he, first of all, considers it his duty to cultivate in his students an ability to reason - else it’s unimaginable to him how he will explain anything to them.
The ENTp has strongly developed associative thinking. Moreover, their associations can be the most unexpected. During its intuitive flight, the thought of ILE can carry him or her away to the most distant, and in no way compatible with each other, spheres.
Arguments and debate are a type of intellectual entertainment for the ENTp - an opportunity to think, to deliberate, to state his views, attract attention to his ideas and opinions. No other type knows better how to engage and pull someone else into a debate or argument like ILE “Don Quixote”. Here he has no equals. The ILE is magnificent at provoking discussions and debates. It is enough for him to think out loud in a populated place, and the rest will be taken care of by the extravagance of his statements, which rarely leaves other people indifferent.
The ENTp does not always have a goal to impose his opinions and views on his conversation partners no matter the cost (although, he will feel disappointed if he does not succeed in this at least a bit). The ILE often joins an argument not only because the process of discussion gives him pleasure, but also to acquaint “the masses” with his opinions and ideas.
The ENTp wins debates not only through erudition, but also through his ability to pose the most unexpected counterarguments. Here, too, the ILE has no equals. His logic is so free, so active and flexible that he can drive anyone into a dead-end with his counterarguments, regardless of the level of his own education or the authority and erudition of his opponent. The ILE can prove anything that he wants to or what has occurred to him to prove. He can easily correlate things that nobody else will ever think to correlate. And why not? And who said that they cannot be related and compared? (Sometimes, the less educated the ENTp is, the harder it gets harder to argue with him.)
For ENTp new ideas emerge suddenly, at the most unexpected moments, in the process of any activity: during a meal, during a conversation, while listening to music, or watching a movie — they emerge as the result of the activity of his subconscious. The ILE can generate ideas even in his sleep. In fact, they can also get worked out there as well. Sometimes upon waking, the ENTp remembers the “starting data” he dreamed about and starts thinking: where did he get it from? through which analogy did this occur? The ENTp takes his “dream work” exceptionally seriously as completely realistic projects.
The ENTp can develop any, even the most unbelievable, idea into an accurately formulated and logically constructed theory. In fact, on the basis of the facts and assumptions he has, the ILE can already see and figure out the hidden structure, laws, and regularities of this theory.
The results of ENTp’s research activities are often expressed as creation of various logical structures and classifications. Moreover, these structures are not static, but dynamic and flexible, and can easily be modified with emergence of new factors and circumstances.
Super-ego block
¶
3rd Function - Se Extraverted sensing
¶
A tendency to defend and protect his or her right to live in the way he or she wants is characteristic of the ENTp. Constantly and everywhere the ENTp demands the recognition of his or her rights to free intellectual creativity without any limitations. He should be as free as his thought and fantasy. Free of various social conventions, obligations, commitments, complaints, from everything that interferes with his intellectual creativity.
In light of such attitude, serious personal and formal problems arise before the ENTp. Not everybody around him understands that, while the ILE spends entire days staring at the ceiling, great ideas are ripening in his mind, capable of bringing happiness to all of mankind.
At the same time, the ENTp cannot and does not consider it necessary to distract himself from his projects in order to remember whether he has washed the dishes after himself, as others may categorically demand of him. He is irritated by any demands by others, because they distract him from ingenious, exceptional, and unique ideas and try to make him address some everyday trifle. (It stands to reason that the more mundane and trivial the demands and complaints, the more they irritate him.)
The ENTp struggles to have the right and opportunity to rid himself of these annoying distractions, to fence himself off from them, because he does not want to be met with any hindrances at all on his path to creativity. For example, his projects must be accepted in the way that he presents them, moreover, accepted doubtlessly and unconditionally. Routine work necessary for their description or design cannot be demanded from him, because this slows down his thoughts and consumes his precious time on what he thinks are useless and trivial matters.
The ENTp often faces a contradictions between the heightened demands that he presents to others and the lowered demands that he presents to himself. For example, when evaluating another’s work, he won’t tolerate even the tiniest logical mistakes and inaccuracies, while at the same time, in his own work he may consider any logical error permissible, asserting that it doesn’t sufficiently influence the essence of this work or an idea.
The same thing happens in the sphere of rights and obligations: the ENTp will categorically insist on his rights, not allowing himself to go for even the smallest compromise. With the same uncompromising manner, the ILE will try to fence himself off from any responsibilities and commitments.
Problems constantly arise for the ENTp with carrying out what he has promised: when the ILE makes a promise, at that moment he is thinking only about what he could do, that is, what is in the scope of his possibilities - he is not thinking how he will actually do it. Therefore, any demands made of ILE to fulfill his promises only anger him: how can anyone seriously consider that he will distract himself from his interesting business for some nonsense, in which he personally has no interest?
An attempts to impose on the ENTp some regular obligations will be received by him with exceptionally hostility. It will be perceived as someone’s evil intent: this means that somebody is bothered by his innate desire to be free in his activities, thoughts, and plans. This means that somebody wants to “rein him in”, somebody wants to “use him to haul water on his back”. The question is: Who? Who is he, this evildoer? The “evildoer” will be quickly found and war will be declared on him or her “until a victorious end”. Anyone who is close to this person can also land into the ranks of “enemies”. This can be ENTp’s close relative, spouse, friend, boss, etc. It is useless to convince the ENTp that these demands are being made in his own interests and for his own livelihood — how would anyone else know his interests better than himself?!
An ENTp who concentrates all his strengths and thoughts on “a war with the windmills” is always a tragedy, always a sad and unpleasant event to witness. An inexhaustible rich fantasy, meticulously gathered information, brilliantly constructed game plan — all of this gets directed towards undermining his former boss, giving his former mother-in-law a heart attack, depriving his former spouse of living space …
Where are those ingenious projects and ideas that used to ripen in ENTp’s mind? Now, he won’t bring happiness to people anytime soon…
The notions of sense of duty (necessity, responsibility, obligation) are cultivated in the ENTp through a logical understanding of acting in one way or another and through observation and logical analysis of the consequences of his actions. (Though, it is sometimes very difficult for him to concentrate on such observations.)
On the other hand, it is difficult to imagine an ENTp who is constantly mindful of not bringing any discomfort to others, constantly distracting himself in order to check if he remembered to wash the dishes or turn off the light in the bathroom. Such an ENTp over time begins to notice that ingenious ideas and inspirations visit him more and more rarely. Furthermore, such an ILE would notice that he is already not in the condition to concentrate on his intellectual creativity without thinking about the surrounding everyday trifles. Such a “conflicted” ENTp represents another, different, although less problematic, but also not always appealing extremity.
Many of these problems get resolved when an ENTp gets a partner who delicately and unimposingly distributes his rights and obligations. A partner who is able to smooth over conflicts and arguments, who is able to express his demands in a form that sounds convincing, valid, and not burdensome to the ILE. The ENTP’s dual, the ISFp (SEI), his ideally complementing partner, is exactly like this: the sensing-ethical introvert, existing in socionics under the pseudonym of “Alexander Dumas”.
The sensing-ethical introvert (ISFp, “Dumas”) has the aspect of volitional sensing in the position of the observing function. Therefore, the SEI sensitively and subconsciously observes how his partner receives the demands presented to him, which obligations he willingly takes on himself and how he fulfills them. The SEI very tactfully and with his inherent to him special soft and delicate manner regulates this aspect for the ILE, simultaneously adapting to the demands of his dual partner and making the ILE be more considerate of the rights and needs of others.
4th Function - Fi Introverted ethics
¶
Relationships with other people don’t come easy to the ENTp; in fact, they don’t easily happen at any distance. For example, his lessened demands for himself along with his heightened demands for others are often perceived by others as a blatant injustice. ENTp’s habit of overvaluing his own abilities and simultaneously scornfully speaking about the intellectual potential of other people also does not invoke particular sympathies.
Literally with every step the ENTp creates situations in which everybody present becomes extremely uneasy regarding his behavior, not to mention the people closest to him, who often want to vanish into thin air from embarrassment. For example, take this situation (described by A. S. Griboyedov in his comedy Woe from Wit): an ENTp comes to meet the relatives of his fiancé. During a conversation, he expands the discussion to socio-political topics and, not concurring with the views of the majority of those present, he tells each of them the most unpleasant things. The fiancé and her relatives are shocked by both the situation itself and that they are being called “pathetic and puny people, incapable of thinking”. In the end, the engagement is broken off, and the ENTp is left to deliberate about how many halfwits and bastards are in this world.
These unceremonious and rude behaviors that are characteristic of the ENTp, such as presumptuousness, imposition, indelicacy, bordering on boorishness, total disregard for decency, all of these are trifles compared to the truly serious problems that happen in the process of ILE’s personal relationships at closer distances.
First of these problems is that the ENTp acknowledges freedom and independence only for himself, sometimes not leaving his partner even the right to have own opinion. If the ethical and interpersonal situation is even slightly aggravated, the ENTp may right away put firm demands before his partner, sometimes even in the form of ultimatums. For example, in the beginning stages of becoming acquainted, the ENTp may demand that his girlfriend breaks off any relations with all her admirers, because he wants to immediately fence her off from various outside influences and other opportunities (and at the same time fence himself off from possible rivals).
This happens due to ENTp’s primarily logical approach to ethical issues, but also because he doesn’t see any distance between himself and another person, with whom he intends to closely socialize. Barely having begun a relationship, the ILE already treats his partner as a part of himself — from which comes a “logical” conclusion that his partner already, entirely and wholly, belongs to him. Consequently, the partner has no remaining right to choose, opportunity, and personal freedom, just as there can be no discrepancy in views, since now everything is being decided, thought, and chosen by the ENTp.
An outsider can still have some freedom of opinion. The ILE can fully allow for this. But if it involves his partner, then everything is decided on by the ILE univocally: a partner is already a part of him, and consequently must obey him in everything. (It is possible to become the “partner” of an ENTp within 15 minutes after getting to know him and namely because he has decided so.)
Note
Editor’s note: An example of this - an ENTp broke up with his ESTj girlfriend, and almost immediately, 2 weeks after the break-up, announced that he intends to make an IEI girl he played online games with his girlfriend, disregarding the fact that they lived far away, in different countries, as well as her opinion on this matter.
An ethical situation is the more comfortable and acceptable for the ENTp, the less premises it produces for occurrence of potential ethical problems. Therefore, with his tendency to create unproblematic relationships (for himself), the ENTp can stiffen his demands to his partner to an extreme level, control his or her connections, relationships, behavior, beliefs, and manner of thinking.
However, everything written above happens, as a rule, in cases of psychological incompatibility with a partner (sometimes, however, it happens in case of disruptions of equilibrium in dual relations).
In circumstances of continuous psychological discomfort, the ENTp becomes irritated by everything, constantly experiencing (often unfounded) mistrust and aversion towards his partner.
Irritation and aversion towards his partner can visit the ENTp in the very starting phase of their relations. Nevertheless, the ILE will try to maintain and continue on with the relationship, develop it further, and even insist that it is legitimated. Acting in this manner, the ILE supposes that after some time he will be able to create terms and conditions by which his partner will have to remake themselves and adapt to his views. In fact, an official marriage seems to him to create preconditions to this. Additionally, due to problems in communication with people around him, relationships are always difficult for the ENTp, and he know this, and grows accustomed to it, and considers such relationships to be normal.
Note
Editor’s note: That is, with all these difficulties the ENTp simply gives up on having high quality relationships, and comes to a point of enduring just about anything, at which point he may even date his “conflitors”. Or having never experienced a quality relationship, the ENTp considers a low quality difficult relationship to be quite acceptable to himself.
The ENTp likes to to publicly discussion ethical topics, especially if there is a suitable (as it seems to him) reason for it. Sometimes an impression arises that the ILE enjoys drawing outsiders into discussions of his personal problems.
Sometimes the ENTp starts sorting out his relations with people who are close to him (his wife, brother, mother, mother-in-law, and other relatives) in populated and completely unsuitable for this places: on public transport, during guest visits, at the theater, during a presentation or lecture, in the presence of other people or even common acquaintances, which only aggravates the uneasiness of the situation. In this situation, the “guilty person” must not only blush from frankly boorish behavior of ILE, not only listen to his insults, which are often unjustified and go far beyond the limits of decency, but also suffer excruciatingly from shame before other people due to the uneasiness and publicity of the situation itself, and their connection to this angry person. In such instance the ILE may be monstrously cruel: the situation is intuitively planned by him in such a way that it is impossible to find a way out of it. While there is an audience around, this “public execution” will continue. (It should not be thought, however, that the ENTp starts these arguments only in the presence of outsiders; they are possible in any situation, but in every instance the ENTp will try to foresee the moment when his partner will be especially defenseless and vulnerable.)
When ENTp’s behavior surpasses the limits of personal norms of communication, it is altogether impossible to call him to recollect himself, because this leads to an absolutely contrary result. Since the ENTp does not want to recognize any “perosnal limits” and “norms of communication” as a matter of principle, he uses every and any opportunity to destroy these norms. The more ENTp’s behavior is criticized, the more uneasiness he experiences, and the more he begins to protest against the ethical demands required of him, which aggravates the situation even further. Having been reprimanded for his indelicacy, the ENTp will start to be intentionally rude, and this rudeness will then become boorishness. The next stages are open and rank cynicism and hooliganism. The is possible to redirect his attention and reaction by ceasing to condemn his actions in time and finding a means of calming his down. And only a psychologically compatible partner can do this.
As a rule, only ENTp’s dual partner, ISFp (SEI), succeeds in this. The SEI is able to very subtly sense the state and emotions of his conversation partner, and timely notice and influence his moods. Besides this, the presence and company of SEI always has a calming and relaxing effect on the ILE — an effect particular to any communication with a dual. Diplomatic, smooth, amiable, patient, and suave, the ISFp renders the ENTp an invaluable service not only by softening his behavior, but also by softening and improving his relations with others.
Super-id block
¶
5th Function - Si Introverted sensing
¶
The need to worry about his own condition and convenience is often neglected by the ENTp since this prevents him from thinking and working, and distracts him from other, more important concerns. Therefore, the ENTp tries to organize relations with his partner so that the question of his state and condition will be solved without his participation.
In his personal life the ENTp is undemanding and unpretentious. When he is the one organizing his way of life, the ILE tends to reduce his needs down to a minimum. He eats somewhere outside, frequently with friends or family, or buys prepared food. He cleans up and organizes his room only when the disorder starts to hinder his work. The ILE doesn’t like going shopping regularly. He often forgets what he wanted to buy, he has trouble determining the quality of goods and choosing quality items, and feels annoyed by having to wait in lines.
The ENTp is somewhat conservative in his tastes. He prefers to eat and order that which is familiar to him, and that which takes the least time to prepare. He can feed himself while moving around, or may forget to have a drink. For example, not taking a break from his work, the ILE can feed himself with a piece of bread with a spread of mustard on it. The ILE rarely prepares food for himself. Sometimes, the ENTp suddenly gets overcome by a desire to eat something he remembers eating in his childhood.
The ENTp relates with distrust to new gustatory sensations and experiences. Often, the ENTp trusts the taste only of those people who have his sympathy, and also with whom he is in good relations. Equally, he listens to the advice only of those people who have evoked his respect, whom he sincerely trusts and whom he “loves”. The ILE even tries to imitate such people in their habits, in their manners of behavior and in their tastes. He can dress in “father’s style” and insist that the food is prepared for him by “mother’s recipe”.
A partner who evokes ENTp’s antipathies will never be able to please him in anything, no matter how hard he or she tries. Moreover, any references made to an “authoritative source” will only irritate the ILE. The most “authoritative source” - is the person himself or herself, to whom the ILE relates well.
The ENTp must constantly feel his partner enjoys caring after him. Only in this case does he properly relax and abandon his mistrust. And vice versa, any hints to the fact that the ILE is cared for out of feeling of duty, and that this, in turn, will put future responsibilities and obligations on him, are received by the ENTp with exceptional unease and discomfort, since subconsciously the ILE is oriented at the leading sensing function of his dual, the SEI, for whom to give pleasure to another - is the same happiness as to receive it.
The aspect of sensing of sensations (Si) for the ENTp is intimately connected with the aspect of ethics of relations. Therefore, for complete happiness and harmony in relations, the ENTp needs a partner who is not only endowed by nature with a splendid sense of taste, but who is also capable of expressing his or her good relation in that form, which will be most convincing to the ILE. And this is possible only with his dual partner, the ISFp, for whom the aspect of sensing of sensations is the “program” one, and the aspect of ethics of relations is demonstrative. (The ISFp exceptionally well feels various combinations of colors, odors, sounds, and voices his or her opinions in a delicate and benevolent manner. Any other manner of conveying information on this aspect does not convince the ILE; thus, no other sensing type can influence and cultivate ILE’s sensing in the same manner and to the same extent as can the SEI.)
In the area of art and aesthetics, the ENTp frequently expresses himself in the most interesting manner precisely on the “lead” of ISFp - as the ISFp’s student or follower, moreover, direct contact with a dual is not even necessary. As, for example, the compositions of Mikhail Ivanovich Glinka (ILE, “Don Quixote”) were influenced by the music of Gioachino Rossini (SEI, “Dumas”).
The ENTp seeks harmony and pleasure in sensations, since ultimately he is oriented to at wholesomeness of sensations that corresponds to the sensory program of his dual, SEI. Art, in the opinion of the ILE, must bring pleasant impressions. And it indeed brings pleasure, moreover, not only to him but also to other spectators.
Innovative approach, originality of the general idea, variety of interestingly developed themes - there are the main qualities that characterize the artistic creations of the representatives of this type.
6th Function - Fe Fe Extraverted ethics
¶
ENTp’s mood in many respects depends on the sensations that he experiences. For example, a feeling of hunger makes him not simply irritable, but also aggressive. The ILE is very sensitive to the discomfort. An unpleasant, penetrating look from his conversation partner, or imperious commanding intonations in his or her voice can also influence ILE’s mood. Unceremonious behavior, just as any other manifestations of disrespect, cause sudden episodes of extreme irritation and even anger from the ILE.
The ENTp dislikes and does not know how to openly talk about his feelings and emotions. Usually he expresses them indirectly, by mentioning his motivations. For example, if he is feeling irritated, the ENTp can say to his partner: “I will throw you out of the window!” - but this does not mean that he will do precisely that. And this does not even indicate extreme hatred - this, altogether, only means that he is feeling irritation, which is usually caused by some kind of discomfort.
The ENTp typically expresses his sympathies in the form of any positive information. For example, he won’t tell a woman: “You are attractive to me”. (If he squeezes something like this out of himself, it will be frank falsity.) No, usually the ILE will give out such information by hints - he tells a woman that he has described her to his parents, and now she is invited to come visit them. The proposal of his hand and heart the ILE also makes in the form of hints. “In a month I will return from my assignment and then we can submit the paperwork”.
The ENTp cannot openly admit to his feelings, similar to any logical type, because for him this is too mysterious of a phenomenon, whose nature he cannot quite grasp and explain to himself to the end. In addition, for the ILE this is too intimate of a moment. He will experience awkwardness and irritation if he is forced to talk about this. (The ILE also does not view it necessary to mention this openly because he is subconsciously oriented at the very flexible and sensitive ethics of emotions of his dual, ISFP (SEI), who is capable of grasping any nuances of feelings and moods of his partner.)
Any feeling of psychological (or sensory) discomfort always affects ENTp’s attitude and mood. Since the ILE cannot remain in a depressed or annoyed state for a long time, he sometimes provokes a scandal by himself to give a way out for his feelings of irritation, and, at the same time, to try to change something in the conditions of an intolerable for him situation.
The ENTp with difficulty endures any offences inflicted on him, as well as ethical uneasiness, and critical situations in relations. In such situations, the ILE can vigorously pour out his negative emotions on people around him, discussing a sore topic with whomever is conveniently near by, even with completely unfamiliar to him people. He can become preoccupied with self-criticism or “ethical self-lashing”: tell about some of his improper actions, acknowledge betrayal or cheating, admit to some “insidious” plans and mean intentions. It is as if the ILE gets taken over by pangs of repentance and completely uncontrolled revelations - some kind of agonizing, ethical self-purification. (A kind of “ethical vomiting”, a rapid release and clearing out of ethical and emotional “slags”.) Being in this state, the ENTp can make an impression of person who has no restraint, who is not balanced, quick tempered, aggressive, harsh, mean, scandalous - but one ought not to forget that all this is only the consequence of the psychological discomfort that he has suffered, that all of this is only a painful reaction to some specific stimuli, whose nature can be revealed and understood and which can be removed. (Which is what his dual the SEI does: in the period of emotional crises the SEI surrounds the ILE by an especially attentive and thorough concern, trying not to allow to any, even small irritants and provoking stimuli near the ILE. The SEI also tries to ignore ILE’s painful “revelations” and all that unpleasant information that they carry.)
The situation radically changes when the ENTp finds himself in a situation of sincere cordiality and goodwill. When pleasant sensations for him are combined with positive emotions. Such conditions greatly activate the ILE: he feels that he is actually welcome, that he is interesting, charming, and attractive. He immediately acquires confidence, lightness, and ease in manners and in communication. His behavior becomes unconstrained, free, and natural. Then the ILE makes a favorable impression on people around him. He demonstrates himself as an interesting and intelligent conversation partner. In such minutes the ILE feels a special emotional uplift, a special positive consideration towards another person, and starts wishing to do something good for him or her.
The ENTp experiences this state only under the conditions of interaction with a psychologically compatible partner. Due to ISFp’s ability to subtly and sensitively feel and regulate the emotional state of his partner, the ILE finds himself in conditions of the most favorable and optimal to him emotional regime. The feelings of personal warmth, comfort, calm, and sincere interest in himself, as well as cordiality - all of this is necessary to the ILE in order to feel himself both calm and happy, and this is precisely what the ILE experiences associating with his dual the SEI.
Id block
¶
7th Function - Ni Ni Introverted intuition
¶
ENTp’s time completely belongs to his creative work. Therefore, the ENTp grows annoyed when someone manages time as belonging to himself or herself (i.e. has subjective, personal interpretation of time).
The ENTp knows how to see possibilities that time presents for him, moreover, not only for himself, but also for others, in particular for his dual, the ISFp. The ILE sees himself (and it always advises his partner) how much time he has at his disposal for completion of one or another objective or project.
The ILE prefers to build distance far-reaching plans, that become corrected by time and circumstances. He dislikes planning anything in short or compressed periods of time, since the ILE does not like to hurry, and takes up any work only for as long as he has inspiration. The ILE does not distribute some specific quantity of work over time, since this constrains and inconveniences him too much.
The ILE perceives personal time as a variable quantity: the minutes of expectation get stretched to infinity, the time of interesting engagement flies by unnoticeably.
The ILE usually doesn’t take into account the expenditure of other people’s time. He may run late, although he has the ability to accurately estimate time necessary for the road. Often ILE’s time estimations include “permissible delays”.
The ILE notices lost time and missed or unrealized possibilities with a feeling of regret. He is always ready to begin everything anew, not looking at his age and objective circumstances.
The ILE does not like to sum things up and look at final results, since he always considers that he could have achieved more, if it wasn’t for some “objective reasons” which stood in the way of his successes and practical activity.
Many of ENTp’s failures are due to his internal states of apathy, weak will, and decreased energy, that periodically take him over. However, the ENTp finds it easier to influence unfavorable external circumstances than change anything inside himself.
The ENTp is often in the course of the events of social and political value. He knows as no other how to foresee the motion of history. In his forecasts, as a rule, the ENTp does not make mistakes. He may predict major political events with accuracy up to half a year.
From the enormous quantity of information the ILE knows how to select and to memorize the parts that radically influence further development of history.
The ENTp always observes historical changes in the field of his interest. The aspect of historical observations and forecasts for ILE is connected precisely with the aspect of his business and professional interests. For example, if the ENTp is an athlete, then he would be able to say with accuracy who won which competitions, when, and with what result; if the ENTp is an economist or financier, then he will remember the changes in currency and prices in the countries of interest to him within the hundred years.
8th Function - Te Extraverted logic
¶
The ENTp likes giving advice about how to do this or another work. And this circumstance frequently lets him down, since each time that he in words shows himself to be a specialist in any matter, his knowledge makes such an unforgettable impression on people around him, that nobody has even a shadow of doubt that it is precisely he who will be the best for carrying it out.
The problem is that while the ENTp is able to imagine wonderfully well how in principle some work is done, frequently he has no practical experience or understanding of it, in other words, “he takes the soldering iron from the wrong end”, by which he greatly disappoints his employers, who after such a “specialist” don’t know whom to invite, and begin thinking that the work proposed by them work (as the ILE may attempt to convince them) is unrealizable in principle.
The ENTp does not like joining projects or work at finishing stages - this means to be simple executor within the framework of another person’s project, while the ILE doesn’t even like completing his own projects.
Sometimes it happens that getting into another person’s project, the ENTp starts to feel that now it is his own, and then he gets an idea to change all previous work to his own discretion, on which he proceeds to insist. Sometimes he may even give an ultimatum: he threatens to quit his participation in the project unless his demands are fulfilled. As a result of such behavior he is indeed removed from work, by which he feels deeply offended and disappointed. This version of progression of events the ILE was least inclined to take into account.
The ENTp often has to change places of work, and not always out of his own will. He finds it difficult to subordinate himself to the requirements of management, and if these requirements do not coincide with his own opinion he may not heed them at all. Sometimes the ILE tries to use any opportunity to do the work using his own methods and procedure and by this prove that he was right.
The ENTp with low professional level is frequently inclined to ignore the factor of professional discipline, which is especially unpleasant when the work of his colleagues depends on his work. For example, an ILE works in a theater or musical association, he sometimes makes it permissible for himself to come late to rehearsals, or even not come to them at all. He can at every turn argue with the director and try to convince him of his own version of a scene. Moreover, he may come up with “his version” in the most unexpected manner right during the rehearsal. The ILE may allow himself some extravagant antic directly on the scene to the detriment of other actors. To put it briefly, any ENTp who chooses for himself a role of implementer or performer, but then fails to implement and perform, always creates problems both for himself and for his colleagues.
The ENTp is indeed incapable of working under conditions of firm discipline and officialism. Such conditions he tries immediately “to break”, to change, to somehow adapt them to a convenient for himself regime. As a rule, the ILE does not value any work that causes him too much inconvenience and trouble. He also quickly loses interest in any work that does not realize his creative potential even before he learns what it is about.
The ENTp does not like to scrupulously check the results of his work. He does not like working out the details. Poorly tolerates any routine.
The ILE may for a short while carry out some uncomplicated physical work, but his thoughts at this moment will be floating somewhere else, which without a doubt will affect the results.
And nevertheless the ENTp sufficiently highly evaluates and widely advertises his business and work-related qualities. He knows how to demand the kind of wage that seems worthy for his work. (Usually the ILE asks for more that what he is being offered - taking into account the fact that it may be necessary for him to negotiate, and agrees to the amount offered only after being absolutely confident in the low solvency of the potential employer.)
The ENTp loves to demonstrate his practicalness. He is proud of his skill to be thrifty in use his means. He tries to convince people around him that he may comfortably exist on the most modest income. If he cannot earn a decent amount of money, he lives in a regime of strictest savings. His inability to earn money he frequently disguises as an unwillingness to chase after money, since he personally needs so little for life. (On “bread with a spread of mustard” he usually has sufficient means.) The ILE likes to demonstratively and prudently plan out his personal expenditures. Loves to each others how to save money. If members of his family struggle with this, the ILE takes family budget into his own hands, showing an example of that how this needs to be done: he begins to investigate all domestic details, checks all sources of expenditures and incomes. In a word, he won’t calm down until he proves that entire family budget was managed too wastefully.
This situation changes when the ISFp (SEI) becomes the partner of the ENTp. In this case the ENTp suddenly gets a desire to earn money, and thus begins to value his position at work. In a critical situation, the ILE can ask the SEI to live in a regime of strict savings, but this will be a temporary phenomenon, while with other psychologically incompatible partners this regime will be on-going and the only one possible.
Only for the SEI the ILE is capable of applying himself and making the necessary effort in order to combine his creative interests with practical requirements of his family. |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/profile_reinin.html | Type Descriptions by Grigory Reinin¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Type Descriptions by Grigory Reinin
¶
This is an excerpt of type descriptions from Grigory Reinin’s book
“The Mysteries of Type. Models. Groups. Traits.”
, 2010.
The original text can be found at
this link
.
ILE (Don Quixote)
¶
The intuitive-logical extrovert - Don Quixote (Ne,Ti)
Function #1 objective intuition (Ne):
integrity of the external
situation. The world should be always harmonious and complete this is
the principle of existence of this type. A wide spectrum of variants may
exist according to the first function, though Don Quixote considers the
world to be in order and harmony which are manifested in different ways.
People of this type often create illusions for themselves that
everything will always be as it is now, that they will never die or be
sick: “Nothing will ever happen to me. A Don Quixotes first function
might be one of the possible reasons for aggression. People of this type
do not plan ahead (unlike, for example, Holmes), but are acutely aware
of the beginning of one period and the ending of another. Don Quixote is
governed by this feeling. Think of a Don Quixote leaving for work in the
morning. He is late, but he is planning on cutting a corner to be on
time. He knows he will be five minutes late, but the boss will be five
minutes late also. Anyway he will make it! At this moment his wife
(Dreiser) says: Listen, you are late anyway, take out the garbage on
your way out. This statement may provoke aggression, which Dreiser does
not expect. But the boss reprimand Why are you late? will not cause
aggression. Well, I am late, but I have had objective reasons to be
late. It is normal. But this type will not tolerate when someone
attempts to destroy the integrity of the external situation.
Function #-1 subjective intuition (Ni):
ignoring the integrity of
internal situation. This is the lack of ability to plunge in thought. A
Don Quixote finds it hard to plunge deep into him/herself and search the
inner mechanisms of the soul. “What do you mean, ‘analyze the internal
situation’?” Hamlet enjoys this creative area of self, but a Don Quixote
runs from it. He knows nothing about it. This is a potential area for
problems. When a Don Quixote is asked to look inside of him/herself, he
is lost because he/she does not think this way. They do not understand
what is required of them because their IM structure ignores this area
completely. Relationships with other people come easy for them. It is
easy for them to deal with other peoples problems. But their inner
world is beyond their understanding.
Function #2, creative function subjective logic (Ti):
explanation, understanding. A Don Quixote produces original understanding and explanation of things. A Don Quixote feels that everything can be explained in a number of ways. Representatives of other types are amazed at the ease with which a Don Quixote is able to explain anything. For example, a Holmes is surprised and irritated: What are you teaching me?! I am interested in the reality and the actual mechanics of things. Do you have experimental data, a method? Where did you study? The excitement of a research is more important for a Don Quixote; he invents his own methods of research if needed. This IM type excels independently of their education and training. They have a strong research reflex. The sphere of risk is the intellect. They are busy creating new techniques and approaches, solving the unsolved, drawing ideas and concepts from other areas. As a result they can offer an explanation of external relationships, i.e. their second function is about the third. Anyone is capable of changing their own worldview, but a Don Quixote will pay a lower psychological price for the change than a Robespierre, a Maxim or a Holmes, they are not creative in this area. Don Quixote is not conservative here, he/she needs unexplained, tasks unfulfilled, problems that have not been solved or even put into words. Why quite a few of the Don Quixotes become scientists? In the sphere of science this type is realized as a functional system. Many ILEs look a bit paranoid: at the extreme a person of this type is a scientist who lays his life down for his ideas, neglects his family and physical health.
By the way, running a step forward, have a look at a Don Quixote’s third function. We have a plus in the area of the third function. Public recognition is a source of energy for a Don Quixote. When he denies himself for the sake of his work and achieves success he often gets public recognition, peoples attention is centered on him, he thinks he is useful and needed in the society. There are two types a Don Quixote and a Zhukov - whose public interests often coincide with their individual interests.
Function #-2 objective logic (Te):
the zone of norms and
standards, of law and order. I dont think a whole lot about the order,
but since I live here, I naturally obey it. The logic of the external
world, laws, indisputable circumstances - in short, everything that does
not require interpretation, falls in the category of standards. Traffic
rules, criminal code, other social conventions go without saying for a
Don Quixote. This area is not creative. For example, his wife says that
it is time to remodel the apartment. A Don Quixote does not see this as
something absolutely necessary, but complies anyway. Just thinking of
all the work that needs to be done makes me sick We should wait another
year to remodel. Why should we do it now? Why should I change my plans?
How irritating! It messes up the integrity of my situation. I was going
to channel my energy into something more important than remodeling for
example I was going to try and explain some external relationships”.
Working in an office is hard for a Don Quixote because of a need to
complying with an externally set schedule. He always struggles with
social requirements, especially if they dont make any sense. However,
he understands that it is necessary to go through the basic training, so
to speak, to get a permission to do the free program. So he has to
waste time and energy on writing a thesis before he gets to do the real
thing. A Don Quixote type is least adapted to social competition.
Function #3 objective ethics (Fe):
a Don Quixote’s self-worth is
based on other peoples attitude and their relationships. Perhaps for
this very reason Au?ra Augustinavi?it? (a Don Quixote) developed
socionics as a precise tool for the analysis of intertype relationships.
Why did they give that look to me? What did they say? Did I hurt
somebodys feelings? How can I say no? This sort of questions
constantly disturbs a Don Quixote. For this reason he is a bad leader.
His third function is constantly suffering in a position of power. The
psychological price of the job for a Don Quixote often seems to be too
high. As a rule, the ILE does not seek to be a leader; he thinks it is a
burden (a Napoleon does not think so, for him it is a place of ideal
realization). The principle of Don Quixote’s self-assessment is this:
If they love me, appreciate me, then I am a good person. Positive
feedback is a source of considerable increase of energy (may lead to
euphoria). But when something goes wrong, relationships turn sour then
his spirits are lower, the energy evaporates, everything looks terrible,
and joy of life is quenched. If the negative outlook on life is
lingering, low self-esteem leads to an illness (a neurosis). In the
basis of this neurosis lies the mechanism of subconscious
self-justification: I am good in general, it is just now I am ill. It
is a way to avoid negative feedback from ones reference group.
Protecting the third function a Don Quixote tends to reason (you
misunderstood me”) and mend broken relationships. He does not seek to
change partners. People of this type tend to blend into the background
of their social group; they do not like to impose their will on others.
However, sometimes they chose to rely on the minus-defense: I am so
bad, worse than you can imagine, no one can approach me or talk to me.
Accept me just as I am”. Then it is easier to deal with this type.
Function #-3 subjective ethics (Fi):
problem solving. It is
typical of a Don Quixote to fall in love with someone. He/she is
inclined to idealize the object of the affection, admiring his/her
merits or skills. However, when it seems impossible to protect the third
function and a problem in the sphere of relationships arises anyway, and
then a Don Quixote begins to diligently search him/herself. The closer
the person is the more painful the changes are in this area. When
another type would typically cut you off a Don Quixote often forgives,
especially if it is a close friends.
Function #4 subjective sensing (Si):
my feelings. “A good place is
a place where I feel good”. Suggestion through subjective sensing is
possible through the use of a Don Quixote’s hypochondria. When a Don
Quixotes health is mentioned, he begins to think about it a lot and
seems to find various new disorders in his body. Correctly approached
these people are the easiest to treat because they trust other peoples
opinion in the issues of health. The fourth function is the knowledge of
other people. And a Don Quixote relies on other peoples knowledge in
the area of health. People of this type have wild imagination and often
imagine they have an illness which in reality they do not have, then we
have a key to treating the imaginary disease. This is widely used by
shamans, extrasensory individuals, hypnotists. The effect depends upon
downloading correct information in the clients system of beliefs.
Function #-4 objective sensing (Se):
A Don Quixote’s zone of fears
covers activity, deed, perfection. This type finds it difficult to
finish a task. A lot of his projects remain unfinished. Only when
pressed for time a Don Quixote is able to obtain a result. Aware of the
trait a Don Quixote may want to set a dead line for his project to avoid
procrastination. Usually a Don Quixote needs a major external power
pulse to finish a task. There is always room for improvement! For
example, a factory design office has a task to design an engine. Two
teams get an assignment: a Don Quixote is a leader of one of the groups,
and a Jack London is leading the other group. The Don Quixote’s group
develops a marvelous draft, a lot of innovations are introduced,
constantly new improvements are made. Soon their engine has more
functions than expected in the customer order, and they continue to
invent more new functions. The deadline is approaching, funds are spent
but the project is still not ready. Their manager should keep in mind
that this type gets carried away and procrastinates, they need to be
reminded about the dead lines otherwise the task will never be finished,
the project will freeze while interesting ideas, friendships and
creativity flourish in their design office.) The leader of the second
team, a Jack London, asks his engineers: We have a month to work on the
project: I will see all the improvements you have to offer and after one
month we will begin design drawing. Best is the enemy of Good. We have
done a good enough job if we spend more time working on improvements we
will not finish the task in time. And they meet the deadline, although
their machine performance characteristics are worse than the unfinished
project offered by the Don Quixote’s team. But their prototype is on
display while the other one is still in drawing. A Don Quixote might
write and rewrite a book or a dissertation several times; it takes him
several years to remodel a house. At times they seem indecisive and
struggle even with small things. They struggle over a pair of shoes at
the store, for example. However, in an emergency situation a Don Quixote
steps in and begins leading and making decisions, he keeps cool under
pressure. He enjoys this particular quality, first of all, due to his
strong first function (Ne), it ‘slows down the time for him’, and second
of all he receives a powerful surge of energy through the third
function.
Celebrities: these are mostly people with a scientific turn of mind,
border-lining theory and practice. Miguel Cervantes’s fictional
character Don Quixote, Louis XIII, Peter the Great, Carl Marx, Frederic
Joliot-Curie, Charles Darwin, Abraham Lincoln, Winston Churchill,
Margaret Thatcher, Dmitry Mendeleyev, Albert Einstein, Alexander
Suvorov, Constantine Tsiolkovsky, Sigmund Freud, George Plehanov,
Michael Lermontov, Michael Saltykov-Schedrin, Nikolay Chernyshevsky,
Emille Zolya, Andre Mauro, Erve Bazen, Albert Schweitzer, Peter
Tchajkovsky, Mark Shagal, Janosh Korchak, Louis De Funes, Indira Gandhi,
Mahatma Gandhi, Edith Piaf, John Lennon, Mirelle Matie, Au?ra
Augustinavichiute, Igor Kalinauskas.
SEI (Dumas)
¶
The sensory-ethical introvert Dumas (Si,Fe)
The first function subjective sensing (Si):
the area of confidence. The SEI is well aware of his own sensations and his state. He/she knows well if something is wrong with him/herself, and doesn’t need others’ opinions about this. To another person he/she will say: Don’t tell me about my state, I know more about it than you, even though I am not a doctor. To a doctor the SEI will tell to prescribe so-and-so procedures and treatments.
The SEI needs to sense him/herself somehow, and craves various sensory impressions and experiences: gustatory, tactile, and so on. My sensations and internal impressions are my life. If I dont feel anything, then I am not. I sense, therefore I exist. Sensory impressions and experiences add to SEI’s energy. An abundance of different sensations confirms to Dumas’ his existence. The SEI usually enjoys life, and does so in applied and vivid way. His/her motto is: Got to live!
Function #-1 objective sensing (Se):
deeds and external appearances are in ignoring zone for people of this type. For Dumas this is sometimes expressed as ignoring external forms. Something in SEI’s own external appearance may not look attractive and pleasant to the eye; a person of this type may not be dressed up to fashion.
The SEI may not take actions that the current moment requires. The necessity to be active in the external world is sometimes perceived by SEI as an objective evil, a burden. But something has to be done, while, in general, there is no wish to do anything, but no way to avoid it either because the objective logic of the situation requires it. People of type frequently embellish and exaggerate their deeds because they want to look and feel more heroic than in actuality.
What can be done with this? First of all, they need to be aware of this trait, then they can search for it, and examine its manifestations - because the scheme is one thing, and subjective experience is another. In terms of concrete manifestations this mechanism may take very odd forms. It is not always easy to articulate this trait; it may take some extra conscious effort to figure out the unproductive trait of the personality.
Function #2 objective ethics (Fe):
the zone of taking risks. Dumas’ creative function deals with relations between people and their relations to him or her.
The SEI loves an element of risk in relations. He/she is sociable and well informed. Easily manipulates information in the sphere of people’s relations and characters. The item that Dumas sells to others - is manipulations in the area of relationships. Dumas gathers social information: who, what, where, with whom, etc. He/she sees very clearly what is happening in the sphere of relations between people, and can in the right moment create a shift, a change in relations, and, moreover, do it in such a way that he himself will never end up inside, at the focal point of the situation that he has created himself. This may be done by intonation, by a sophisticated pause, i.e. so subtly that no one else will understand how he created this situation. In this way Dumas can communicate something to a person without actually saying anything, such that the person guesses himself and does what is needed of him. The SEI does not distort the information much and misrepresent facts, but he/she is a master of omission and subjectively biased presentation. Dumas sells intrigue, the formation of information about people and relationships.
The sphere of communication, of conversations - is the strong point of SEI women and men alike. SEIs are distinguished by the gift of the gab, by ability to speak well and in confident tone, to debate and argue, to talk to an audience, has aptitude for language and literature. Dumas is often interested in various forms of thinking, philosophy, epistemology, interpretations, explanations, analyses, and logic.
Function #-2 subjective ethics (Fi):
the zone of “do not need to”,
the zone of standards. A Dumas do not talk about their attitudes. Life
reveals truth anyway. They would rather talk about objective
circumstances than their feelings. Often a Dumas uses a definite formal
criteria to form an attitude to another person. He is a democrat(,
therefore he is a socially and status-oriented person. Extreme case of
this type is a certified snob.
Function #3 subjective logic (Ti):
the problem here lies in the
sphere of understanding, explaining, competence. Their books are
supplied with an enormous number of references. A Dumas is always on
defense (he quotes Dr. So-and-so, etc.), he gives references to
published sources and other authorities. It makes him feel safe. A Dumas
approaches intellectual issues with great care as a rule. A reference to
an opinion of a recognized authority seems to a Dumas weightier than
his/her own arguments. He never trusts his own reasoning. Often their
system of evidence is based on external authorities alone. When during a
lecture a Dumas is asked whether he has read a certain article or book,
he instantly feels under attack according to the third function, he
thinks he is being accused of incompetence or misunderstanding. He gets
defensive: a Dumas, the master of manipulation in the area of
relationships, quickly responds: Sure I have read it, but it does not
make any sense, or: Yes, I have read it, but it has nothing to do with
the subject we are discussing right now. even though he/she has never
heard of it. Sometimes they put artificial limits to their own
competency themselves: I understand everything in my field, the rest
does not concern me. Or the protection of the third function may take
most humble form: Yes, I am a fool, I basically do not understand
anything. It is all very interesting, but it is completely out of my
competence. Or: It does not exist. Only things that I understand
really do exist, everything else simply does not exist. She puts
boundaries on the field of perception. This is a “minus defense” - a
common way to simplify a situation according to the third function.
Dumass feelings get hurt when people try to explicitly or implicitly
expose his incompetence. Things and ideas that disagree with their point
of view either prick their interest and they study them in secret, or
they are completely ignored. When on defense in this area, Dumas often
develops a superiority complex: “I am OK!” So, when Dumas feels
competent his self-esteem soars and supplies him with a lot of energy,
this is called positive reinforcement. When disputing this type is
logical, pushing, imposing, emphasizes his competence, enjoys stressing
the opponent’s incompetence.
The society energizes people. Any society puts people into a strict
sociocultural mechanism. To be confirmed in a society one has to fit a
certain image of a good person (decent neighbor, nice guy). Society may
consist of neighbors, office co-workers, and colleagues any important
group. People put a lot effort into trying to fit a mold for the sake of
being approved and charged by their social group. People are drawn
into this power exchange even when little. Take it away and people get
out of control, become asocial, and there is almost no gap between
asocial and antisocial.
Function #-3 objective logic (Te):
the main problem is that of
understanding; the solution is to know. If he does not know something,
he needs to find out, do a research, read a book, and consult an expert.
Dumas’ address book is full of phone numbers of the best experts in
various fields; he is friends with most of them. Nevertheless he does
not mind fixing his own vehicle.
Function #4 objective intuition (Ne):
integrity of external
situation. Ideas may be suggested through this area in the structure of
the type. I want the world to be in harmony, I want everything from
beginning to end to be known and predictable; I want everything to be on
schedule and never off track, moving steadily from one goal to another.
This desire may lead a person away from satisfying the deeper needs of
his soul and leave him with a superficial but steady life of the planned
and the discovered. A Dumas could be easily programmed with an agenda, a
schedule. In his mind he makes a lay out of the sequence of events; he
knows what to expect and in what order. For example, a Dumas would
usually take a course at the Medical Academy or any other nominal
professional training. A breach in the integrity of the external
situation may stress a Dumas out or put him in a stupor. A Don Quixote
and a Huxley take it easy when facing the unexpected or the unscheduled.
Unexpected events arouse their interest. While a Dumas lapses into a
stupor in a similar situation. They turn into a stone detached from the
external world. They need time to process new information and restore
the integrity. A Dumas, however, is on guard. They easily cope with 95 %
of emergencies; they have a plan and a set of standard responses to
certain things. But anything totally unexpected brings him to a complete
stop… Several years ago we studied behavior of civil aircraft pilots
in emergency situations. We had a chance to observe a clear
demonstration of that trait. Skillful experienced pilots did great in
any of the anticipated situations. But facing the unforeseen
circumstances he was helpless, unable to cope. He cant fathom
spontaneity. Meditation broadens the spectrum of expected situations,
but unexpected things do happen sooner or later. This type needs to
remember that if he chooses to follow a schedule at one point of his
life he might find it difficult to break away from it. I would like to
study in a good school, to be taught everything step by step. A good
place is the place where integrity of the external situation is secured.
Function #-4 subjective intuition (Ni):
The integrity of internal
situation is the “fabric” of this function; it is the fear of searching
ones heart, digging in ones mind. Introspection does not go well with
a Dumas. Some other types eagerly engage in introspection, but neither a
Dumas nor a Gaben enjoy it. If this type chooses to take a look at their
psyche then things may go in three different ways: a) he scratches the
surface of his inner self, but he has an impression he reached the
bottom; b) he studied only ideas about oneself; c) this is not a Dumas.
Here the infallibility complex comes into action again: a Dumas escapes
internal problems by ignoring them: I am OK”. This should not be
confused with megalomania. Why psychological literature does not give
sufficient information about this complex? Nobody seeks a therapist to
get help in this area. People come for therapy if they have a problem,
but in this case there is “no problem”, everything is just fine. The
inner world is always integral: Do not touch there, I’m fine. Thus a
person separates oneself from most of the world, a place where he might
find out that he is not OK. The not OK part of his [inner] world does
not exist in his opinion, a Dumas stubbornly ignores it. But this can
not go on forever, after a while he runs into things that are not OK.
It is impossible to classify people into bad and good, and live with the
latter, and send the former to guillotine. After a while the search for
the bad people resumes. Similarly, the persons living space is reduces
and he feels lonely.
Celebrities of this type: Alexander Dumas-father, Porthos, a character
from Dumas’ Three Musketeers, Peter-Paul Rubens, Pierre, Augusts Renoir,
Martin due Guard, O’Henry, Ivan Ivazovsky, Alexander Hamilton, Grigory
Kotovsky, Nikita Khrushchev, Michael Sholokhov, Charlie Chaplin, Oleg
Tabakov, Eugeny Leonov, Alexander Kalyagin, Leonid Kuravlyov, Natalia
Gundareva, Leonid Bronevoj, Jury Nikulin, Eldar Ryazanov, Alexander
Shirvindt.
(
Drew BARRYMORE (actress, US), Claudia CARDINALE (actress, Italy),
Ornella MUTI (actress, Italy), Elvis PRESLEY (singer, US), Britney
SPEARS (singer, US), Mena SUVARI (actress, US), Elisabeth TAYLOR
(actress, US), Sherilyn FENN (actress, US), Goldie HAWN (actress, US),
Silvio BERLUSCONI (politician, Italy), Lech WALESA (politician, Poland),
Mikhail GORBACHEV (politician, Russia), Lyndon JOHNSON (politician, US),
Catherine II (monarch, Russia), Ernst ROEHM (politician, Germany, 3rd
Reich), Dmitry ROGOZIN (politician, Russia), Mikhail SAAKASHVILI
(politician, Georgia), Mikhail TUKHACHEVSKY (army commander, Russia),
Gaius Julius CAESAR (monarch, ancient Rome), Jacques CHIRAC (politician,
France), Gerhard SCHROEDER (politician, Germany).
)
ESE (Hugo)
¶
The ethical-sensory extrovert Hugo (Fe,Si)
Function #1 objective ethics (Fe):
Person is a realm of
relationships. If I have relationships with other people, then I exist.
This type is in its element when in a relationship. A Hugo would never
put a strain on a relationship no matter what he thinks about other
people’s attitudes to himself and each other. He does not need to
inquire of anybodys attitude because he knows what it is. He is
confident in this area. Stability of his personal relationships combined
with stability of other peoples relationships support stability of a
Hugos personality. A change in existing relationships may emotionally
disturb a Hugo. A Hugo may be a closer friend than a Hamlet. These
horizontal” relationships have no boundaries. The more the better! He
does not care about the social status of the people involved. It is a
personal “world wide web”! Just try putting a Hugo in a room with a
disconnected phone line! It may cause anxiety or aggression. Even
thinking that his phone may be disconnected because he has not paid the
bills stresses him out. A Hugo knows how to smooth things out, ease the
tension. He always has a lot of friends. He likes to party and hang out;
there he is in his element. “If I do not have relationships, then I do
not exist. If I am not needed, I am no more, if I have relationships,
then I exist.”
Function #-1 subjective ethics (Fi):
Hugo ignores his attitude to
people. First of all there should be external relationships, and my
attitudes are secondary. My feelings and me are real and can be
described. But a Hugo finds it difficult to talk about his/her attitude.
He/she may not even answer a direct question about his/her attitude.
This is irrelevant. Other things are more important to a Hugo.
Relationships of the current external world are important. A Hugo tends
to go with the flow and does not want to change circumstances or reveal
his/her attitude. A Hugo’s attitude is an intimate thing; there is no
need to share. It does not need an explanation; my behavior speaks of my
attitude. Others may interpret my actions and know what my attitude is.
But putting it into words is hard and not necessary. A Robespierre, who
compliments a Hugo’s(, does not expect to hear about his attitude. In
this area a Robespierre is full of fears, therefore they communicate in
another psychological plane.
Function #2 subjective sensing (Si):
various feelings. Here is a
broad spectrum of choices. A Hugo has to experiment with sensations:
taste new foods and alcohol drinks (a Hugo will not drink to get drunk,
but will have to have a taste). He has to smell new smells, listen to a
new sound, etc. This type likes to experiment with food, to relish and
share new tastes and various sensations: Have you tried this? And
that? Have you ever tried alternating hot and cold showers? It feels
great! You should try! A Hugo is a lover of delicatessens and cuisine
expert. They are experts in medicine: they know what the illness is and
how it should be treated. The art of sexual intercourse is by no means a
sin; it is a responsibility and a purpose. Art is a source of joy and
for this reason a Hugo worships it. Even science in his/her
interpretation may be a source of refined pleasure. His creative work is
focused on building a world of harmony.
Function #-2 objective sensing (Se):
appearance, activity, deed,
and form. As far as I know, these people pay attention to how they look,
though for them it is not important. Extravagance is in the area of
“should not”. A Hugo wares whats normal and accepted in his/her social
environment. Their house interior is a standard symbol of time. A Hugo
does not impose his/her will on people and does not tell them how to do
things.
Function #3 objective intuition (Ne):
integrity and harmony of the
external world. Time management is in this area. This is a painful
issue; a Hugo is on defense here, constantly apologizing for being late.
They are often late, even though they try. The third function covers
self-esteem. Through this channel in the structure of the type a person
receives energy from the society therefore it should be protected. It is
protected when clarity is guaranteed and potential situation is known
from beginning to end. Then a Hugo understands and feels the sequence of
a process: the first step, the second, etc. Then he is at peace, he
thinks he is moving and his life is progressing. There are two measures
of defense: positive and negative. Some are never late. This type
assesses him/herself: If I am on time, then I am a good person; if I am
late I am bad. Others are not aware of time. This type dives deep
into a meditative process and loses a sense of time; there he dwells in
peace and harmony. A Hugo is conservative and does not change the
present order of things, at least, not on his own initiative. Even if he
does not like how things are, the stability in and of itself is a strong
positive feedback.
Function #-3 subjective intuition (Ni):
changing on the inside
solves problems. This is possible in a number of ways: the change of
image, meditation, and alcohol. More often a Hugo chooses to escape from
problems instead of solving them. They may radically change their image
in an attempt to run from reality, imagining they are somebody else free
from the existing problem.
Function #4 subjective logic (Ti):
I want to understand
everything! Explain things to me. Please do explain! I am not interested
if I do not understand. A good place is where understand everything”.
Perhaps the two types a Hugo and a Hamlet are the most frequent
attendants of all kinds of lectures, meetings, conferences, discussions
and debates. It is important for them that that the event is well
structured, the lecturer explains and clarifies everything carefully.
Sometimes in a large audience one can see people in a sort of light
trance (euphoria) just because they feel they understand everything
perfectly. The fact that someone explains ‘how it should be’ is
comforting! I feel good in a place where things have an explanation, and
I get help with understanding things. A collision of concepts is a
problem, though. Once a Hugo gets a clear picture of something it would
be hard to apprehend a conflicting concept. However, this collision is
not so terrible because people of this type do not pay attention to the
basis of their understanding as a rule. Their logic of reasoning is
aesthetic rather than scientific.
In the area of the fourth function quickly nothing may be altered too
soon. This area is not creative. Programs run it, our own programs as
well as other people’s programs our parents’, our teachers’. These
programs may conflict with one other. Sometimes we dont see any logic
in our own thoughts and deeds, let alone other’s! People usually do not
agree with the logic of another type.
Hugo and Hamlet have random logic. They chose random starting points for
their reasoning. Hugo does this quite often. A Hugo may receive an
infusion because the formal logic of an explanation seems reasonable, he
may accept things with which he does not
Function #-4 objective logic (Te):
the zone of fears. In the area of the fourth co-function Hugo has to work hard on himself. Construction or plain house cleaning terrifies him or her. Just thinking about it she gets restless and irritated. Her fear grows the longer she procrastinates. Simple projects demand great efforts from Hugo. We met a person of this type who lived in a room with piles of books maintaining up to the high ceilings. He dreamed of bookshelves and order. It was hard to walk or find anything in the room. There was a wealth of books but they were not accessible. This is a Hugo. They suffer from fear of making a step, fear of facing reality.
Women of this type are often lonely; they never try to keep a man. There is an anecdote: Mary, will you marry me? Weve been together for seventeen years - Come on, Victor, don’t be silly, who would want us now
Hugo is often terrified by the prospect of fulfilling an idea. For example, you know that it is necessary to remodel a place or just organize belongings, straighten out books on the shelf, but somehow it just does not work out. Laziness? What is laziness? It is a lack of energy to do something. Why there is no energy or will power to do exactly what needs to be done? A Hugo does not want to face the logic of the objective world: he does not want to do the objective things for example, to hire workers to paint the walls. Why do it now? Maybe later, well do it next year it actually still looks OK.
Hugo never knows when the money will come. They are frugal, they making scrupulous calculations. However, they may spontaneously spend everything on one project. This type may have different attitudes to money: it might be the fear of being out of money, or the fear of money.
Celebrities of this type: Victor Hugo, Charles Dickens, Jules Verne,
Prosper Merimee, George Washington, Michael Bakunin, Che Guevara,
Valentine Gaft, Andrey Bitov, Gerard Phillip, Michael Kazakov.
(
Juliet BINOCHE (actress, France), Sandra BULLOCK (actress, US), Lolita
DAVIDOVICH (actress, US), George CLOONEY (actor, US), Emir KUSTURICA
(movie director and actor, Serbia), Courtney LOVE (actress, US), Liza
MINNELLI (actress, US), Natalie OREIRO (actress and singer, Argentina),
Miranda RICHARDSON (actress, US), Friedrich ENGELS (politician, Germany,
XIX century), Graham GREENE (writer, UK), Yasser ARAFAT (politician,
Palestine), Fidel CASTRO RUZ (politician, Cuba)
)
LII (Robespierre)
¶
The logical-intuitive introvert Robespierre (Ti,Ne)
Function #1 subjective logic (Ti):
my understanding, my worldview,
and my school. My logic is the best logic in the world. It is
difficult to convince a Robespierre of anything that contradicts her
system of beliefs. She usually has difficulty explaining her own system.
Only serious circumstances may change anything in the area of the first
function. She does not accept anything by faith in this area. At times
there are objective circumstances that are difficult to ignore but at
the same time they contradict a Robespierres system of beliefs, her
idea of the world. Then she needs time to work on a new description of
the world. A Robespierre may go on with life only after the worldview is
integral once again. A Robespierre just does not instantly accept
anything new: she will listen to your arguments, but she needs time to
evaluate, review new data, process it and either accept or reject it.
She would not agree with you on the spot. The first function is
conservative, it serves as a base, and the base should be firm and
strong.
Our limited individual consciousness needs a base. A person needs to
know beyond any shadow of a doubt that he exists. This type thinks: I
cannot think if my thinking is not based on a definite world view.
People with their relationships are in the area of the fourth function.
He is not a people person. A Robespierre has a primitive idea of
humanity: people are divided into those who are bad, and those who are
good. He sees the world in black and white without shadows. (There are
types who do not divide people into two categories: In fact, the world
is too complex to limit it by two categories.) People will act
according to their nature, - this is a common opinion but a Robespierre
does not follow it.
Function #-1 objective logic (Te):
the zone of ignoring. The
world is the way I see it. If you have evidence that its not the way I
see it, too bad for the world. Anyway it is not my business; just keep
your opinion to yourself. I think the world should be exactly how I see
it. Often these people live in the world of their imagination. The laws
of a society put their own value on people and their actions. They set
measures and standards for people to follow. Any society has a gap of
some sort. People evaluate you according to certain standards. At one
extreme if you do not meet the standards you are isolated. At the other
extreme you get paid for not meeting the standards because you are
useful for the same society. By the way, in this gap various spiritual
teachings flourish. But this is another story.
Function #2 objective intuition (Ne):
the area of creativity. The external world has to be complete. We will build the City of the Sun and inhabit it with beautiful, happy people. The world lacks integrity and people work hard to bring it to harmony. The world should live in harmony, people deserve to be happy”, says a Robespierre, “so let’s take a guillotine and chop off heads of all bad people who hamper our creation so that only good ones remain and everyone will be happy. Let’s build a society free of the bad people, oppression, violence, injustice But this purpose is achieved by means of a guillotine. This is how this type expresses his creativity. Ideals of the Sun City are very typical of the Robespierrean utopianism of Thomas Moore and Tommazo Campanella, Henri Saint-Simon, Charles Furrier, Robert Owen.
Ideas of universal harmony are found in the works of many philosophers. But if the real world were in harmony, the LIIs would have nothing to do. They feel a need to improve the world even by means of decapitating those who are standing in the way of building a perfect society, void of those who for whatever reasons do not fit in the harmony, who, for example, had the audacity to be born aristocrats. Take a look at the mess left by Maximillian Robespierre in France or Felix Dzerzhinsky in Russia? And these people were sincerely convinced that they were right, incorruptible and that they were not compromising.
Now a Robespierre’s creative gift is often channeled into reforming a society. When heading up a company, this type may find him/herself being engaged in constructing a global structure, which will never encompass the whole world anyway. Someday it begins to fall apart and the person gets frustrated. Then illnesses and neurosis develop, and eventually he or she gives up. A Robespierre often wastes a lot of time on creating institutes, which are destined to be useless.
A LII in his search for harmony often turns to composing music. Many a musician belongs to this type: Rakhmaninov, Rimsky-Korsakov, etc. They may become good educators too, like Russian teachers Sukhomlinsky, Ushinsky, Makarenko. Sometimes their systems work, sometimes they do not. But when the author begins to implement a system he soon finds out that the system created for people does not take real people into consideration, if it does then it think of people as abstract and abnormal. Real people dont fit into a scheme, thus reality hits a Robespierre hard.
There are no bad people - people are just different. It only seems to us
that they do something wrong. They are different because they live in a
different dimension and have a different system of values. We just do
not realize the extent to which psychological planes of different types
differ from each other. And it is impossible to comprehend another
persons system of values, because the practice of traveling into the
psychological plane of another type is, perhaps, one of the most complex
and rare psychological experiences.
Function #-2 subjective intuition (Ni):
LII’s zone of standards
consists of a number of states and moods: “My state is always adequate
to the external world, and my inner person is standard.” Why bother
studying your inner self if building a world of harmony is so much more
interesting and acute? A Robespierre typically chooses one of his
standard states and dwells in it most of the time. This area of
standards also includes ethical norms and principles, which secure the
integrity of their internal world.
Function #3 subjective sensing (Si):
in the area of
self-assessment, in the zone of problems, there are health, sensations
in general, and sex in particular. A test question: What do you say
about the following statement: Sex is not only bad for you, but it is
also good for you? This question frustrates a Robespierre. They need
200% safety in the area of sensations. They seek out and follow hard all
kinds of health programs. They have to at least know the theory of
bodily exercise because their self-assessment motto of this type is I am
good if I am in perfect health condition. High sexual activity is a kind
of self-affirmation, self-protection in the area of the third function.
The body should be reliable, it should be constantly strengthened and
tested, if it passes the test then I am good, this is positive
defense. But negative defense is also possible: I am good, but I am
very sick, I am sicker than you think.
Function #-3 objective sensing (Se):
problem-solving area. When
health problems arise this type thinks, We must do something! He/she
turns to cross-country skiing, karate, bathing in the ice-cold water,
sauna, other physical exercises, diets, fasting, urine-therapy, routine
schedule, workouts, etc. I need to fortify my sensory ability; I need to
be armed and dangerous.
Function #4 objective ethics (Fe):
(The principle of a place assessment, the area of suggestive influences; motives, desires, people’s attitude to me. Things that other people teach me about.) This is a friend, that is a foe, and who is that one? I want to be loved. A good place is the place where I am loved. A Robespierre leaves because he/she feels the negative attitude, they are often unaware of the objective reasons why they left a place or a company: I want to be loved, that’s all! So he is thinking what can be done in order to get people’s love? Its a good idea to create a team, become a leader, everyone will listen to me and nod: Yes, you are right! It is a wonderful thought! There is logic in what you say!
Objective ethics in the area of the fourth function means that a person gathers people around him/herself to satisfy the need to experience other peoples good attitude to himself. The motive is subconscious and he/she may find him/herself surrounded by bootlickers some day. We have mentioned that in the area of the fourth function people tend to be hypochondriac. A Robespierre gets even suspicious: I do not know what they really think about me. Other people know better what others think about me. A Robespierre may be easy manipulated if his/her suspiciousness is encouraged it works because they are not masters of relationships.
None of the IM types understand jokes in the area of the fourth
function; when humored they become more suspicious and may react
absolutely inadequately.
Function #-4 subjective ethics (Fi):
in a Robespierre’s zone of
fears is his/her own attitude. Why talk about it? What is there to say?
They have a fear of expressing love, or their own attitude to a person/a
thing/an event. What is your opinion? What do you think about it?
these questions frighten a Robespierre. And when they are faced with a
necessity to speak directly about their attitude they may put up a huge
fuss. In general a Robespierre is inclined to a detached, constrained
manner of dialogue. He/she tries to express opinions implicitly, hinting
or joking. Frequently they are not understood, because they assume that
others think in the same way as they do.
Celebrities of this type: Maximilian Robespierre, Michelangelo
Buonarroti, Caesar Bordzhia Dante Algieri, Rene Descartes, Karl Gustav
Jung, George Wilhelm Fredrik Hegel, Immanuel Kant, Friedrich Nietzsche,
Arthur Shopengauer, Johann Fredrik Schiller, Bertold Brecht, Nikolai
Roerich, Thomas Moor, Felix Dzerzhinsky, Sergey Rakhmaninov, Nicolo
Paganini, Francisco De Goya, Paul Gauguin, Claude Monet, Anton Chekhov,
Franz Kafka
(
Sandrine BONNAIRE (actress, France), Patricia KAAS (singer, France),
Kevin COSTNER (actor, US), Demie MOORE (actress, US), Isabelle HUPPERT
(actress, France), Paul A. M. DIRAC (physicist, UK), Marie
SKLODOWSKA-CURIE and Pierre CURIE (spouses, physicists, Poland -
France), Andrei SAKHAROV (physicist and politician, Soviet Union), Erwin
SCHROEDINGER (physicist, Germany), Albert GORE (politician, US), Thomas
JEFFERSON (politician, US, XVIII century), Sergei IVANOV (politician,
Russia), Francois MITTERAND (politician, France), Vladimir PUTIN
(politician, Russia), Maximilien de ROBESPIERRE (politician, France,
XVIII century).
)
LSI (Maxim Gorky)
¶
The logical-sensory introvert Maxim (Ti,Se)
Function #1 subjective logic (Ti):
my understanding, my worldview,
and my school. A Maxim’s motto is: I understand the world, therefore I
exist. It is impossible to make them change their mind. The world is
the way I understand it. Their understanding is very conservative,
crystallized. When attacked in the area of the first function, a Maxim
becomes aggressive. In the area of the first function a person is
confident of himself and leans on his own authority. In case of a Maxim
this is their ‘school’, their view of the world, their ideas about the
world. I know how the world was made, who will teach me about heights
and the depths. What evidence do you have to show for? I will explain
away all your evidence! If a Maxim runs into indisputable evidence
which he can neither explain nor ignore, he (similar to a Robespierre)
needs time to fill up the gaps in their belief system, to improve their
world view making it complete and consistent from their point of view.
He likes to analyze new data and draw independent conclusions, accepting
or rejecting certain things. It is easy to drive a Maxim to aggression,
just tell them: Your teacher has no idea what he is talking about!
Their reaction may be absolutely inadequate. And since their creative
function is physical action, anything within their hand’s reach may be
hurled at you. I tried talking to a Maxim in the same manner and was
nearly hit by a heavy object thrown at me.
Function #-1 objective logic (Te):
the world is the way I see it,
everything else I ignore. Real circumstances can be perceived simply as
annoying obstacles. If I study, I simply listen to what a teacher says,
and my understanding does not differ from the teachers; this is my
school. In any case it is a fixed set of ideas about the world, certain
standard picture. Sometimes real-world notions like visas, traffic
rules, criminal code and other social realities may fall in the zone of
ignoring. This may cause ‘unexpected’ problems, even imprisonment. The
society does not care take into consideration neither your unique
interpretation of the established law nor your type of information
metabolism.
Function #2 objective sensing (Se):
the zone of risk; the risk might as well be purely physical. Get in his car and you will immediately feel the danger: He drives like a maniac sweeping by just within an inch from the other cars on the road otherwise it is ‘not interesting’ enough. A Maxim likes to perform and be watched. As a rule, they are excellent drivers, they crave risk, and thus they get a taste of life. If the person of this type is a professional programmer, just look at his fingers fluttering above the keyboard you cannot see separate movements so fast they are. A virtuoso! Paganini! The zone of creativity is the risk zone: he wants to move and work with objects. A Maxim needs physical activity. Many of them became stuntmen, students of marshal art schools, mimes. They admire perfected forms of movement. They like to jump, shoot and drive. Quite often people of this type can be seen on a catwalk. Demonstration of clothes or themselves is their creative area. Sometimes these people master rather calligraphically elaborate handwriting, peculiar gait, and clothing style. Among actors we also find bright representatives of this type: Nikolay Karachentsev, Constantine Raikin, Talgat Nigmattulin. (
Charles BRONSON, Katherine ZETA-JONES, Clint EASTWOOD
)
Another aspect of this creative function - manipulation with objects. A Maxim is an ardent collector. These people study the little nuances of form and function of various objects. Small objects fascinate them: stamps, butterflies, labels, netsuke, etc. Thanks to them ancient utensils are preserved, ancient arts are revived. They perfectly remember different nuances, smallest distinctions of form.
A Maxim easily gets his/her bearings in any surroundings. Having visited a house just once they remember the layout, arrangement of furniture and appliances. They easily recall small details: features, clothes, etc… A Maxim does not like his/her belongings being moved or used.
Function #-2 subjective sensing (Si):
health is in the area
standards. This type has unusually high pain threshold. At times they
may be masochistic, exhausting themselves physically for a long time in
a gym or at the racetrack. A Maxim is able to perfect a difficult trick
for hours despite of exhaustion, hunger, cold or heat. A Maxim is
conservative in food and sex preferences, they do not seek variety.
Function #3 subjective intuition (Ni):
integrity of the inner
world is in the problem area. This type escapes a situation that
threatens his/her internal integrity. A Maxim would take a job with a
low pay, inconvenient in other ways too, if only he has a peace about
working there. This type needs a well structured outside world to
support the lack of integrity on the inside. Often rigid social
institutions, requiring some kind of service, soothe their aching desire
to have peace with themselves and others army, gangs, and religion.
The internal world is in seeming peace because he has managed to explain
away the external world how he likes it. It is not me who is speaking,
but a supreme force speaks through me, I am only its tool”, or “Soldiers
do not create karma. In their search for inner peace they adopt a point
of view: I am good if its not me who lives. In this case the person
turns into an element of a rigid system, as though dissolving in it,
turning into a function, living its motto “I am not [present]. It is an
exceptionally protected integral internal situation.
Function #-3 objective intuition (Ne):
this is a problem solving
area. This type arranges the external situation to secure his/her inner
peace. He works hard to set up a stable daily routine, hierarchy of
relationships, way of life, work schedule, job functions.
Function #4 objective ethics (Fe):
the attitude of people to me,
peoples relationships. A Maxim is easily suggested in this sphere. I
want people to care about me. I want to be liked, appreciated and
respected. If people here like me, then this is a good place. A Maxims
cunning “friends” often use this trait. When he/she thinks I am
appreciated, trusted, I am coping, he/she is in danger of being used.
In the best-case scenario he will be thanked for his work and dismissed.
A Maxim often acts like an introvert. He/she does not speak much.
However some representatives of this type like to talk. Their public
speeches are brief, logical, and well structured.
People of all IM types are hypochondriacal in the area of the fourth
function. There are rigid programs in the area of the fourth function;
others or the person him/herself downloads them.
The LSI is hypochondriacal, i.e. suspicious in his/her relationships.
People can influence a Maxim rather effectively by exploiting this
suspiciousness. Sometimes it is enough to tell a Maxim that Mr.
So-and-so does not like him/her, then she/he begins to pick up the
signs of insincerity in Mr. So-and-so suspicion creeps in. It is easy
to infuse doubts through the fourth function; here the person is always
hypochondriacal. In this area he/she does not trust him/herself and
becomes dependent on opinions of other people, often sees the reality
through the eyes of other people. Taken to the extreme this quality
turns into maniacal suspiciousness. Joseph Stalins paranoid
suspiciousness threw the whole country into the abyss of suspicion and
fear. If this type fails to find a friendly company with a good
guaranteed attitude, they often search for an individual way of
realization where they don’t depend on other peoples attitudes.
Function #-4 subjective ethics (Fi):
my attitude to people is the
zone of fears. It is impossible to hear this type confessing their love
or any other feeling. He will sooner do something than talk: he will
take a girl out, give her flowers or je Why people of this type often
join criminal agencies (mercenary units or other social clubs with rigid
structure)? There might be two reasons for this: Here I feel
comfortable, I accept the hierarchy and the principles of the agency
and I am valued and respected here, so this place is good (positive
feedback according to the fourth function). Besides, here the LSI has an
outlet for his love for manipulations with objects (realization of the
creative function). The logic of the objective world is ignored (in this
case it can be the law, the criminal code, or traffic rules). He is
seeking for inner peace and consistency. Maxim’s peculiar creativity
combined with disobedience to the law and his desire to be in good
company may pave a way to a criminal future. Look, this type is easy to
recognize, we all often run into them.
Celebrities of this type: Maxim Gorky, Charles Morris Talejran,
Caligula, Jiddu Krishnamurti, Joseph Stalin, Martin Luther, Le
Corbusier, Anatoly Karpov, Salvador Dali, Toulouse-Lotrac, Pablo
Picasso, Andrey Tarkovsky, Goiko Mitich, Alain Delong. The most detailed
description of this type Klim Samgin, the main character in Life of
Klim Samgin, by M. Gorky.
(
Charles BRONSON (actor, US) Katherine ZETA-JONES (actress, US), Clint
EASTWOOD (actor, US), Boris GRYZLOV (politician, Russia), Slobodan
MILOSHEVICH (politician, Yugoslavia), Saparmurat TURKMENBASHI
(politician, Turkmenistan), Madeleine Korbel ALBRIGHT (politician, US),
Donald RUMSFELD (politician, US), Joseph STALIN (politician, Soviet
Union), Harry S. TRUMAN (politician, US), Saddam HUSSEIN (politician,
Iraq).
)
EIE (Hamlet)
¶
The ethical-intuitive extrovert Hamlet (Fe,Ni)
Function #1 objective ethics (Fe):
the zone of confidence is external relationships. People of this type typically orient themselves very well in the sphere of relationships and don’t have many problems in this respect. They value stability of external relations in general. When someone tries to change existing relations, this causes a strong emotional reaction, even aggression from the EIE. The EIE belongs to the aristocratic quadra, and in his/her life there are fewer trusting relations, than, for example, in the life of Hugo. This, as a rule, is a very small number of persons of “his/her circle”.
If the EIE is deprived of the opportunity to be on stage - in a broad meaning of this word - not only as an actor, but also as a teacher, mentor, or a leader, if he/she is deprived of the opportunity to be in public with people looking at or up to him or her then the EIE feels devastated. Then everything is ruined: both the first and the second (creative) functions go to waste. If there is no way to relate, then I am not needed, I do not exist. EIE needs relationships, no matter if they are good or bad - they simply need to be. Employees, bosses, friends, enemies, contacts, lovers, customers, business partner, onlookers, and spectators. Any situation where there is any type of relations affirms EIE’s existence in this world.
Function #-1 subjective ethics (Fi):
zone of ignoring,
minus-values, “bad things”. EIE’s own relation and attitude towards
other people don’t play an important role in his/her life. Other
peoples attitude towards him/her are of greater importance. Of course
both such attitudes and relations exist for the EIE, but the external
relationships always take the first place. ‘My attitude to people’
remains somewhere in the background, often concealed even from the EIE
him/herself. The EIE is focused on his external relationships more than
on his own internal attitudes. “External relations must exist, but
internal relations concern nobody else but myself.” The EIE may talk
about his/her states and impressions, he may easily imagine this and
even play them out, but his own internal relations and attitudes are, as
if, not taken into account. This should already be evident, everything
was already shown, that my relation is such-and-such. However, to
express his/her relation towards something for an EIE is much more
difficult than for an IEE or an SEE, who easily and readily express
their personal attitudes by their creative function. For Hamlet it is
easier to play some role as means of conveying his/her attitudes and
feelings.
Function #2 subjective intuition (Ni):
creative function, zone of functioning, zone of taking risks; continuity and wholeness of the situation, inner state, essence, the sense of time and timing. EIE’s creative function allows him/her to easily manipulate the continuity, “inner wholeness”, timing of a situation. Hamlet is an actor, and can easily change his states and images: try on one, then another, after another - for the EIE this constitutes is a method of discovering the world and experimenting with it.
Every person subconsciously searches for an occupation that would maximally satisfy the needs of his/her type’s IM. When I worked at an acting academy, I wondered which IM types prevailed among the actors. It turned out that there were many LSIs and EIEs among the acting students. A Hamlet’s creative function - the ability to adopt a state, an image, to enter into the role and live in it - is an ideal skill for a professional actor.
In the clinical psychology this type is known as hysteroid. On stage a controlled hysterics may look rather good. The actor is writhing, beating himself up in emotional hysterics, then he falls precisely into an armchair, and adjusts his shirt This continuity and wholeness of a situation for the EIE means continuous image of him/herself. Since this is a flexible, creative function for Hamlet, he/she can adopt various kinds of states, live in each state for a while, leave it, and take on a new state. If a Don Quixote says, I have understood!, a Hamlet says, I have lived into it! The EIE has to enter into and sample the state, live into a role or a character, which for him/her is very easy to do. That which is inaccessible to other types, for a Hamlet is normal behavior, within the framework of this type, within the extent of his/her creative function, that psychological space which a Hamlet usually inhabits.
Among representatives of this type there are many engaging, ardent speakers, who can speak for hours with feverish drive and fiery eloquence; historical examples: Lev Trotsky, Adolph Hitler, Fidel Castro. Among modern politicians, perhaps, only Vladimir Zhirinovsky is a glaring example of this type, and a remarkable actor, too. Remember some of his controlled hysterics on TV? He does this consciously, and the parliament is his stage. The main thing is the presence of an audience willing to listen to him. The speaker himself may calm down soon after his speech, but the people in the audience continue to feel shaken-up and emotionally rallied for a long time.
There are only a few actors who can play different types of characters and effortlessly move from one state to another. For most people this is unreal and inaccessible. The EIE, however, can easily ‘reincarnate’ into different roles - he may play Balzac, then Napoleon, be both of them. Actors of this type have an unusually wide spectrum of roles. Many good actors belong to this type: Innokenty Smoktunovsky, Sergey Bondarchuk, Jean Mare. By the way, speaking of theatre and actors, it is easy to see that a good director chooses those actors whose type coincides with the type of the character; that is, if the characters in a play have some types, as there are plays where characters don’t have clearly defined types, which is a lifeless unreal scenario, because it is absolutely inadequate to the reality.
Function #-2 objective intuition (Ne):
the extent and scope of the
external situation; potential, possibility; zone of norms and preset
life rhythms. There has to be a schedule, a routine, a script. The gun
should fire in the fifth act. The husband should come home on time. The
whole family ought to go on a picnic on Sunday. The EIE accepts
established order and routines and does not express creativity and
originality in this area. He/she follows the ‘order of things’; maybe
without great enthusiasm, but still does. Sometimes people of this type
live according to a schedule that does not suit them very well, however,
they find it difficult to go outside the boundaries of the established
norms, cycles, and rhythms in a society. Having gotten into a routine,
the EIE tends to stay in it, even in case of significant changes of
conditions and circumstances.
Function #3 objective sensing (Se):
form, actions, appearance, looks, external image, gestures and mimicry; my skills, my capabilities, my scope of influence. As a rule, the EIE dresses showily, even a bit extravagantly. One can always notice this percularity in Hamlet’s appearance. People of this type love bright colors, details and unusual accessories that catch an eye. They typically have an individual style in how they dress. How I look and What I am capable of doing - these are the principles on which EIE’s self-esteem is based. In a sense this is a simplification of the situation: here I should have exact knowledge, i.e. figure it out until I know for certain. Each representative of this type has a certain set of skills and abilities (remember, prince Hamlet was the best fencer in the Danish kingdom). If EIE’s set of skills includes such capability as doing household maintenance and repairs, then everything is great, without a problem - the EIE will show off and demonstrate his know-how in this area, show that he does it better than others, and receive positive feedback and support on this function. However, if a Hamlet has no such applicable skills, he/she would need to put in extra effort and expand extra energy over this function, perhaps even excessive powers.
In a position of a leader, a Hamlet as a rule adheres to a rigid authoritative style of management, emphasizing social hierarchy of relationships. In cases of conflict, he/she has no tendency for flexibility and compromise. A Hamlet seriously works on the image of his company of group, additionally this image is sometimes considerably ahead the current state of things. The business much be sound and solid, and generate a good income. This is one of few types who are able to make good money on the image. An not that insignificant moment for Hamlet - is an opportunity to work with money or other material assets.
Function #-3 subjective sensing (Si):
my internal sensory and
physical impressions: visual, tactile, sexual, etc.; my physical state
and sensory impressions; pleasant - unpleasant. If I’m not able to do
something, then I need to work on my state to be able to do that. I need
to work out, to practice, to strengthen myself. An EIE pays close
attention to health when problems arise. And problems arise in two
cases: either I am not able to do something, or my current state and
form do not meet my conception of myself as an “adequate” person. In
this, a Hamlet may not limit himself to physical exercises. I know of
Hamlets who use a lot of medications and health supplements; this is not
necessarily true about all of them, but some of them do that.
Function #4 (suggestible) subjective logic (Ti):
my understanding,
explanations, concepts, theories, hierarchy of conceptions about what is
near or far, higher or lower; my level of education, my school, my
understanding of the world, the system of my conceptions and thoughts;
principles for evaluating a place. A good place is where I understand
everything. The EIE may accept something simply because it sounds
logical. EIE and ESE - these are the two types who enjoy most of all
attending lectures, meetings, discussions, etc. (see description of a
Hugo). The main thing for them is the presence of a structure, so that
they understand whats going on. Hamlet accepts other peoples
explanations of how something works and what is the right way. A good
place - is the place where everything is explicitly explained and
crystal clear, where things have been thoroughly explained to me in a
way that I have understood. A Hamlet is thus open to outside influences
through explanation.
Function #-4 objective logic (Te):
the zone of fears, “don’t want to”; the objective logic of external world, objective circumstances, facts, methods, objectively logical sequence of events and actions; my territory. To be or not to be? - this is a Hamlets classical question. Alas, it is necessary to make a decision! How will the events unfold after a decision is made? This is unknown, and this is frightening … Once the choice is made, further actions are creative. This is a purely Hamletian problem - the fear of realization, of concretization, of definiteness, and therefore irreversibility of a made decision. Even if it is clear that it is absolutely necessary to move to another place, or clean up and organized one’s living space, or legally formalize something, somehow there is never enough time.
Hamlet has to work on him/herself to feel more or less confidently in the areas related to concretization, where making decisions is a necessity. A Hamlet never organizes other people’s things, and hardly ever organizes his/her own belongings.
NB! In people of this type there has been observed a susceptibility to sicknesses of the upper air passages.
Celebrities of this type: William Shakespeare’s Hamlet, Octavian August,
Nero, Johan Wolfgang Goethe, Adolph Hitler, Leon Trotsky, Dolores
Ibarruri, Fidel Castro, Raphael Santi, Michaelous Chourleonis, Ivan
Pavlov, Sergey Vavilov, Jerome K Jerome, Vsevolod Meyerhold, Jean Mare,
Lawrence Oliver, Innokenty Smoktunovsky, Paul Kadochnikov, Sergey
Bondarchuk, Vladimir Zhirinovsky.
(
Asia ARGENTO (actress, Italy), Annette BENING (actress, US), Melanie
GRIFFITH (actress, US), Irene JACOB (actress, France), Nicole KIDMAN
(actress, Australia - US), Anastasia KINSKY (actress, Germany - US),
David COPPERFIELD (illusionist, US), Penelope CRUZ (actress, Spain -
US), George MICHAEL (singer, Greece - US), Julia ORMOND (actress, US),
Mickey ROURKE (actor, US), Audrey TAUTOU (actress, France), Myelin
FARMER (singer, Canada), Audrey HAPBURNE (actress, UK), Charles Spencer
CHAPLIN (actor, UK - US - Switzerland), Friedrich NIETZSCHE
(philosopher, Germany, XIX century), Friedrich HOELDERLIN (poet,
Germany, XIX century), Johan Wolfgang GOETHE (poet and politician,
Germany, XVIII century), Edward LIMONOFF (writer and anarchist
politician, US - France - Russia), Thomas MANN (writer, Germany), Edgar
Allan POE (writer, US, XIX century), Edward RADZINSKY (writer and
historian, Russia), Marina TSVETAYEVA (poet, Russia), George BUSH Jr.
(politician, US), Josef GOEBBELS (politician, Germany), Ernesto GUEVARA
(politician, Cuba), Adolph HITLER (politician, Germany), Muamar GADHAFI
(politician, Libya), Osama Bin LADEN (politician, Saudi Arabia), Ronald
W. REAGAN (politician, US), Francisco FRANCO y BAHAMONDE (politician,
Spain), Nicolai CEAUSHESCU (politician, Romania).
)
IEI (Yesenin)
¶
The intuitive-ethical introvert - Tutankhamon (Ni,Fe)
Function #1 subject intuition (Ni):
IEI’s area of confidence - is the continuity and wholeness of the inner situation. For the IEI this is expressed as the ability to keep without contradictions inside. This frequently shows in IEI’s interactions with other people. The IEI, while always remaining somewhat aristocratic, may behave very differently with different people. A Tutankhamon is conservative in his notions about ‘proper’ relationships, and often other people do not understand his norms and approaches. This type always has well defined principles and philosophies of life. In a sense, a Tutankhamon is a “conservative romantic”. In contrast, for example, to Dumas, the state of introspective meditation is almost a common everyday state for him. As Balzac, more than other types this type is capable of self-analysis and evaluation. Under unfavorable external circumstances, the IEI may withdraw from people for long periods of time, going deep into himself, but he tends to go into his soul rather than rational thinking.
A person of this type easily stays in the background, yet feels the subtle rhythm of time. This type, by the way, can be seen among professional bodyguards. Imperturbability, the ability to be present without being noticed makes him well suited for such occupations. Hollywood actors Kevin Kostner, Pierce Brosnan, Steven Seagull are striking examples of this type.
Function #-1 objective intuition (Ne):
ignoring the scope and
extent of the external situation. Quite often people of this type simply
drop out of the picture. External situation exists separately - they
exist separately. You may observe this person at a social gathering,
when somebody asks: Where is he/she? I just saw him/her a minute ago.
Have you ever seen this? They are talking about a Tutankhamon. He/she is
phantom lost somewhere in the depths of inner space, while ignoring and
losing the external situation. On the contrary, a Don Quixote may
completely lose himself, his inner situation, by getting too absorbed by
the external circumstances: sometimes an ILE starts to communicate with
external world so intensively that he forgets about his own problems and
condition! While a Tutankhamon, conversely, withdraws into him/herself
and lets the world fade away.
Function #2 objective ethics (Fe):
this is the area of IEI’s creativity relations of people between each other and their relations towards him/her. Even if creative function deals with manipulations of relationships, this does not necessarily mean that the person is an intriguer. The IEI simply easily sees what’s going on between the people. The IEI can easily create shifts in relations and attitudes into the needed direction. Moreover, he/she does it from the outside of a situation, to not end up inside, at the focal point, but keep on observer sidelines. This influence is exerted in light, subtle, tangential form. The IEI lightly touches on certain issues, seemingly in a friendly sharing way, makes subtle statements - and there you go! A Tutankhamon can also influence relationships through numerous short yet strong emotional attacks and quarrels. There is a supposition that a Tutankhamon is even a more sophisticated manipulator than a Dumas. However, I could never catch a Tutankhamon in this act. Here perhaps more observations and inquiries are needed.
On the other side, I know that a Tutankhamon is usually a person who does not have problems with relationships. He/she is always able to find an agreement, to strike up a compromise, be flexible in order to get what is wanted. The IEI can easily instigate, provoke certain acts and actions (I’ve observed them doing that so many times).
A Tutankhamon can be a great organizer, creating and structuring large groups of people. He/she is able to regulate, adjust and maintain relationships within a group and create a productive atmosphere. As a leader, the IEI adheres to a more democratic style of management as a rule.
Function #-2 subjective ethics (Fi):
the zone of norms, standards,
stereotypes of behavior, no’s and don’t’s. A Tutankhamon avoids
situations where he/she needs to express a personal attitude, for
example, talking about his/her own feelings of love. The IEI finds it
easier to talk about objective circumstances, of how things ought to be,
while his/her own attitude is already the way it ought to be. The IEI
expresses his/her sincere (even positive) attitude towards another
person in a conventional standard form. Such rich inner life escape is
practically inaccessible to put it into words.
Function #3 subjective logic (Ti):
the principle of self-esteem is
based on “how I understand things”. “If I understand correctly, then I
am a good person”. As we have already said, a person tends to simplify
the situation on this function. Simplification, in this case, is used as
an effective means of protection. For a Tutankhamon negative defense
constitutes denying knowing something or anything on a given topic or
field of study where he/she doesn’t have 100% certainty. The fear of
turning out to be incompetent greatly narrows down the areas in which
the person dares to demonstrate or apply their knowledge. A Tutankhamon
builds a positive defense through constructing maximally abstracted and
generalized theories, which are aimed at explaining all the phenomena in
the society and nature.
Function #-3 objective logic (Te):
the problem here is ‘to
understand’ things, the solution - is ‘to know’ things. This type wants
to solve his problems by collecting objective data. It is necessary to
consult the experts, to obtain the data and results of studies, to
receive objectively reliable new information. A Tutankhamon hopes to
solve his/her problems through changes of external situation and
circumstances.
Function #4 objective sensing (Se):
suggestible function; the principles for evaluating a place, motives, “I want”. Others know what I ought to do. A good place is a place where there is action, movement, where something gets done.
At times the IEI finds himself on the way to some place, or sitting by a campfire, for example. That is, the IEI has gotten “inserted” into some activity. The IEI may not notice this, and later find himself in some circumstances that he didn’t plan for and didn’t want, but he couldn’t reject it and turn it down, couldn’t resist the external influence. They took me with them, so I went along. People of this type should be more attentive of activities and external situations into which they get drawn. They should ask themselves: Do these things correspond to the goals of my life? Will they take me there where I want to be? Once the Tutankhamon (IEI) realizes the situation, there may be attempts to sort things out, to demand explanations, attempts to break free and leave. Often it is too late though; the train has left the platform and is not coming back. Thus, what we have here on one hand is dependency on other people’s choices and suggestibility - and, on the another hand, the ability to manipulate relationships. When the IEI suddenly “tunes in” the situation and realizes what is happening around, where he or she is, then the IEI starts influencing other people in some way, with the aid of strong aspects of this type.
Function #-4 subjective sensing (Si):
my internal sensory and
physical impressions: visual, tactile, sexual, etc.; my physical state
and sensory impressions, and the fears related to this. The area of
various sensations that concern one’s own state; unwillingness to take
care of it; “I am active/work until I drop”. Any unpleasant sensation or
experience it’s best to endure and wait over, than to seek how to
improve one’s state or move to another place that offers better
conditions. In this a Tutankhamon is similar to his complementary type,
a Zhukov, though the IEI usually has much fewer energy reserves for
this. People of this type run a very real risk of acquiring various
subtle and chronic diseases and ailments.
Celebrities of this type: Tutankhamon, Jean Jacques ROUSSEAU, Tiberius,
Ivan Bunin, Jury Gagarin, Antoine de Saint-Exupri, Federico Garcia
Lorca, Marcello Mastroianni, Audrey Hepburn, Eugeny Matveev, Bulat
Okudjava. Peculiar smile is characteristic of people of this type, the
one you could see on the Tutankhamon mask.
(
Hugh GRANT (actor, US), Liza KUDROW (actress, US), Edward NORTON
(actor, US), Chulpan KHAMATOVA (actress, Russia), Jennifer ANISTON
(actress, US), Frederic CHOPIN (composer, Poland - France, XIX century),
Friedrich Wilhelm SCHELLING (philosopher, Germany, XIX century), Ray
BRADBURY (writer, US), Romain HARY (writer, FRANCE, also known as Emile
AJART), Nikolai GOGOL (writer and philosopher, Russia), Marceilles
PROUST (writer, France), Paul CELAN (German poet, lived in Romania and
France), Nikolai BUKHARIN (politician, Soviet Union), Laura BUSH
(president’s wife, US), Georgi MALENKOV (politician, Soviet Union),
Nikolai RYZHKOV (politician, Soviet Union).
)
SLE (Zhukov)
¶
The sensory-logical extrovert - Zhukov (Se,Ti)
Function #1- objective sensing (Se):
the principle of existence: I am active, therefore I exist. His lifes principles are constancy of the external form, confidence in his appearance and actions. Those who criticize ESTp’s actions may experience his aggression.
They are workaholics in the full sense of the word. An ESTp just cant sit still. They are active even when they should be still in the given circumstances. Socionists have a joke: “Can a Zhukov be quiet for 10 minutes in a company of friends? If he is quiet, then he is either mute, sick, or has passed out … “
A working ESTp gives all of himself to a business, never sparing his energy. It is an authoritative, strong-willed type of person able to make others submit. He can also obey himself when working in structured environments (army service, etc.).
The habit of taking responsibility upon themselves makes ESTps irreplaceable in management. However, they rarely make it to the top due to their excessive bluntness and straightforwardness. But notice, that just like the ENTp they will step forward during periods of real danger in the history of humanity (eg Winston Churchill, Margaret Thatcher).
The ESTp is reliable. If there is no movement, no activity going on, he will find it or create it; he is a magnet for situations where he is needed. These people constitute a rather strong social type.
Similar to ESFps, two people of this type hardly ever get along when life brings them together. It is normal because they are both take initiatives. It is only in relationships within strictly defined hierarchies (army, etc.) or in a master-student type of relationships that they may get along a little better for a period of time.
Function #-1 subjective sensing (Si):
health is in the area of ignoring. An ESTp has a “farmer’s attitude” in health issues: “I shall plough the field until I drop dead in my furrow.” When the ESTp falls sick, having spent his strengths in fervent activity, does he allow others to take care of him. Only when they are burnt out they might agree to take some time off at a resort or a hospital. People of this type should remember this, because people are not indestructible; they are not sources of endless energy. However, they should not stay away from work completely. An ESTp needs to learn to control this area of life. Not all of them are capable of doing that.
ESTp is not a picky eater: he expects food to be plentiful and filling, it should not be some sophisticated food, butit should be fresh and esthetically pleasing.
Function #2 subjective logic (Ti):
his since for dialectics is in
the creative area, he is able to consider an object, a situation, an
event from several points of view, he can explain any phenomenon in
several different ways. SLE is not conservative here. A Don Quixote
having generated an idea hardly ever implements it in real life. A
Zhukov, having the same creative function, comes up with an idea and
then brings it about, i.e. Zhukov gives an idea a chance to live. For
example, Sergei Korolev (a Zhukov) and Konstantin Tsiolkovsky (a Don
Quixote) they both dreamed to see humankind go into space. Korolev
dared to finish the project under completely fantastic, inhuman
conditions; and he became in his own way happy.
Function #-2 objective logic (Te):
the logic of the external world
is in the zone of standards. This type picks out the laws that they
follow automatically, without a hint of creativity. In this area a
Zhukov does not like to waste time on decision-making.
Function #3 objective ethics (Fe):
a Zhukovs principle of self-esteem is as follows: People need me, therefore I am good. Other peoples assessment of him is the basis of his good or bad attitude to himself. It is very important: when, in what situations the person gets positive feedback through the third function. If SLE is needed, he gets constant ‘refills’ of energy. In his relationships he is focused on himself: I am the hub of the universe. Incidentally these two types (a Don Quixote and a Zhukov) have personal and public interests in consent. A Zhukov’s cunning “friends” frequently use this trait for their purposes.
A Zhukov has to be needed (“important”); otherwise he gets sick and spends all of his colossal energy on medical treatment, seriously aggravating the situation.
Function #-3 subjective ethics (Fi):
the problem is solved when
SLE changes his attitude to an object or a person. It is important to
have clarity and definiteness. When a Don Quixote faces a conflict in a
relationship; he tries to smooth it out. A Zhukov in similar
circumstances is more determined. It is easier for him to avoid the
difficult person than to live with tension of uncertainty. Both kinds of
behavior are inadequate, however, he gets the result, which comforts
him: the situation becomes simpler in both cases; he pushes the problem
out of his life. A Zhukov has a radical approach to the problem: if
there is no relationship then there is no problem.
Function #4 subjective intuition (Ni):
I want the world to be in
harmony and beautiful. I want to feel good so do something. A Zhukovs
thirst for inner peace is the biggest than any others. He does not know
how to manage his own feelings. He needs external influence to have a
change of mood. Therefore he resorts to common means of changing the
mood: alcohol, drugs. Some of them get into verbal fights. This is a
very interesting channel of suggestion because this type is usually at
the top and we run into them in bureaucratic structures. They are
difficult to be around because they have hard time managing their moods
and emotions, they are unpredictable.
Function #-4 objective intuition (Ne):
here he has the fear of
integrity of external situation. Integrity of circumstances is
subconsciously rejected. He detests situations when everything is known
from beginning to end. A Zhukov has a peculiar vision of time. What do
you mean I have to follow a schedule? What if I feel like working around
the clock? Why are you putting me in the rigid frames of a schedule? I
do not care about your office hours. If I feel like working, I will keep
work. It is not a surprise that the military talent of marshal Zhukov
revealed itself to its fullest in circumstances where the course of
events changed abruptly, in situations of a break-through, or an attack,
where emergency decisions, deviance from the ordinary schedule, abrupt
changes in tactics were necessary. A Zhukov can simultaneously supervise
(and be involved in) several situations at the same time, switching from
one to another at a snap.
SEE (Napoleon)
¶
The sensory-ethical extrovert Napoleon (Se,Fi)
Function #1 objective sensing (Se):
action, deed, appearance are in his zone of confidence. SEE is a person of actions. He/she has the following principles of existence: I am active, therefore I exist and I do not need anyone to teach me, I know what I am supposed to do. Often this type does something before he thinks. Military proverbs like First engage the enemy, then see what happens and The war reveals the plan are very characteristic of a Napoleon’s approach to the dichotomy planning vs. action. Their hands move faster than their heads think: they are people of action who accept responsibility for the consequences. This is an important professional quality of leaders of any rank. A Napoleon is an authoritative and even autocrative leader: We discussed it and I have decided In spite of his democratic friendships joint leadership is obviously not his style. Remember how quickly the Directory was done away with when Bonaparte came to power? This type is confident in the stability of their external form, their appearance and their own actions. They do not have any problems in this area: How do I look today? I look good! I look the way I want to look.
A Napoleon walks unremarkably, conservatively; he does not care about appearances. Everything concerning forms is in his zone of confidence. When criticized a Napoleon may get angry. He does not take into consideration other peoples advice in this area. A Napoleon is a man of action. He is weighed down when he cannot do anything. What is a Napoleon like when he is retired? He withers away, gets ill, he whines and feels miserable. They have to do something, anything; if nothing else they walk. If your child is a Napoleon, do not put pressure on him/her in the area of the first and third functions, do not discipline them unless you have to, but best do not correct them at all just for the sake of your own comfort.
Unlike a Zhukovs, a Napoleons personal interests hardly ever coincide with the public ones. In anything he does a Napoleon puts his personal interests first, especially financial. They are rather thrifty; they use money well, though they are not as scrupulous as a Gaben. A Napoleon tries to spend money sparingly, believes that one good turn deserves another. In general restless activity and a craving for practice characterize a Napoleon.
Function #-1 subjective sensing (Si):
his health is in the zone of
ignoring. He often burns out at his place of work because they do not
want to properly take care of their health in time. He does not like
talking about health issues. Usually a Napoleon uses simple treatment, a
quick fix like aspirin. I made a choice, I took it in, and it is enough.
Often just like a Zhukov he uses a hill-bellys approach to health: I
hope Ill get away with it, I will plow till I drop dead. Until he
drops dead he works hard and often the reason of his death is an
unexpected sickness, because due to his carelessness the sickness was
neglected. A Napoleon does not like being touched, especially by
strangers. This trait is so characteristic of them that may be used for
diagnosing the type.
Function #2 subjective ethics (Fi):
the area of creativity covers his attitude to the world, to people, to objects, his opinion on any subject. First of all here is his emotional risk. A Napoleon is a leader because he easily expresses his attitude to actions or people. He seeks a position of leadership because there his opinion will matter.
Since this is the creative function, both negative and positive poles are easily accessible to him. A Napoleon can just look at his troops and say: Soldiers, I love you! There are ten thousand people; does he love them all? The fact is they know he really does love them, and they trust him, and they follow him. Demonstration of his attitude is art; therefore it takes special circumstances that facilitate the maximum self-expression. Is there a better position for self-expression than a position of leadership? I am the boss, you are the fool. When you are the boss, I will be the fool. Therefore it is natural for a Napoleon to aim at positions where his creative function may find its realization. If you are late for work, your boss a Napoleon may reprimand you harshly, even rudely. But in five minutes he will come to you as a matter of factly to discuss business as if nothing had happened. He just vented his anger, no big deal. It was just a part of the routine! A Napoleon does not dwell on it, unlike a Don Quixote who is hurting over offending someone for several days. This type often uses words “shame”, “disaster”, “I hate it”, “I like it”, “fantastic”, “great”. A Napoleon may fruitfully work in the heat of the conflict. Often he intentionally creates a situation of a conflict to draw out reliable information, a plan of attack.
A Napoleon is a good politician, in a dialogue he is able to easily find rapport and talk about the opponents problems, but he never forgets about his own goals. He produces an illusionary impression that he really cares about other people’s problems. A Napoleon is loved despite of his boldness, people trust him, they vote for him hoping he will change things for the better.
Function #-2 objective ethics (Fe):
the zone of standards. A Napoleon maintains certain standards in external relationships, rarely becoming close with people. He prefers to keep people at a distance, he does not make friends in the office (command, platoon, etc.); there is a distance, a uniform, a business talk within the framework of the rules of rank. They often do not have close friends in a large crowd of associates and acquaintances.
Relationships fall in the sphere of “unnecessary”. At times a Napoleon wanting to express his personal attitude does not take into consideration neither circumstance, nor peoples personal or group space. A Napoleon easily becomes a part of a group and just as easily he pulls it apart. Some people of this type sincerely do not realize how tactless they are. Sometimes you can witness a situation: a Napoleon approaches a talking couple and as a matter of factly interrupts and addresses the person he needs to talk to; the thing is, approaches them without second thought, says something, disrupting the space of the dialogue, takes care of his business, while the other partner takes off. A Napoleon may get in trouble for doing that especially if he is a child in school.
Function #3 objective logic (Te):
the place of self-estimation is first of all personal territory. We know that each person tries to simplify the situation according to the third function. For example, When I have conquered the world, then it will be clear where is my territory and where is not. Napoleon Bonaparte and Alexander the Great entertained similar ideas. This is a simplification of a situation. This is an example of an extreme case, of course. But in any case the person of this type needs to know precisely the boundaries of his territory, where he is the emperor, the master and the owner. I have noticed once that at the Aeroflot ticket booths half of the cashier ladies belonged to this type. Each had a tiny office with a ticket window, and that was her territory that gave her the freedom to vent her opinion to the people in line. Every cashier lady felt like she was the god of the air, and that showed. In general, the size of the territory does not make a difference; a Napoleon acts like a dictator whether he is a street sweeper or a president of a large country.
For a Napoleon my territory does not only mean land or space, it may also be social territory my people. When a Napoleon comes to power, first of all he/she puts his/her people in key positions. Their professionalism is less important than their loyalty. An employee of a Napoleon will sooner get in trouble for lack of loyalty than for his failures. For a Napoleon the external order is very important. He/she might reprimand an employee not for a mistake at work but for being late to the office because it disrupts the order and makes people doubt the boss’ (a Napoleon) ability to control the situation. In this case being late becomes almost a treachery. A Napoleon’s third function gets a major negative feedback when the order of his territory is disrupted.
On the other hand, a Napoleon takes good care of his people, remembers their problems, and forgives their weakness. I know a Napoleon who, being the director of a large garage personally has been congratulating each employee on his or her birthdays for many years. As a result workers never left the company, although the boss is very strict, demanding and authoritative. Not unlike Bonaparte himself who was said to know all his old time soldiers by name more than ten thousand!
Starting a business, a Napoleon should have a precise definition of his/her functions: I should do this and this only. Otherwise the business will never run. If you have an employee of this type, you should give him a clear goal with well-defined functions and fixed responsibility, otherwise the job will never be done. Instead you will listen endless stories about the objective circumstances that were in the way.
Even as a little boy a Napoleon should have his own space, his territory. He would rather have the confidence that the territory is his, than have it clean and tidy. When his mom makes him pick up his toys he might obey, but still feel like he is losing the territory and the next day there will be a mess again, and this will go on forever unless he is disciplined in love. The reproof gives wisdom: but a child left to himself brings his mother to shame. Naturally a Napoleon wants to be left to himself; naturally the mother falsely hopes that he will clean up his mess without being reminded. A Napoleon motivates his disobedience by the need to feel secure in knowing that this 1,5 square meter belongs to him.
Two representatives of this type on one territory is a sight to behold! There is only room for hierarchical relationships, otherwise there will be a conflict or one of them will drive out the other.
A Napoleon is a born leader; however, if a territory does not interest him/her and he/she is not planning on conquering it, his/her behavior drastically changes. A Napoleon remains invisible, not talkative and still.
Function #-3 subjective logic (Ti):
problem-solving area. When
faced with objective problems (financial, technical, technological,
etc.), this type leans on the opinion of experts, statistics,
authoritative sources, etc. A Napoleons pays attention to weighty
opinions of those people whose intelligence they consider to be above
their own. When in a leadership position a Napoleon always has clever,
competent advisers (for example, Dr. Velikhov (a Balzac) for Gorbachev
(a Napoleon)). Unique experts are treated with awe and respect;
unpardonable things are often forgiven to the unique specialists.
Function #4 subjective intuition (Ni):
suggestible function. SEE’s integrity of internal situation is his mood. An example: you need your boss a Napoleon to sign some papers. He has a choice to either sign it or not. What can you do to influence his choice? The best way to influence his mood, is to ask a person of his complementing type to take the papers to the boss, he/she would have more chances signing it for you. But if you dont have a choice, then put on the air of good spirits and go ahead. Strange as it may seem, but in this particular area a Napoleon is easily suggested. It has been proven that a Napoleon has to be in a positive mood to achieve results. If a SEE boss is in a good mood, he may sign the paper even without looking.
A SEE makes decisions easily, but he has hard time changing his/her mood. He can only dream about a Hamlets talent of switching moods. This type is always looking for new ways to change a mood. When coping with negative feelings a Napoleon may choose to drink, while making excuses that other people do this too. It is common for a person to judge others by his own measure. In 1980’s in Russia a campaign against alcohol started. A lot of finest vineyards were cut down all through the country. Why was the president so zealous with this? Mikhail Gorbachev - a Napoleon - was aware of the fact that alcohol has the power to change peoples mood. He thought alcohol to be bad, therefore he fought it.
Anyway, when a Napoleon is aware that he can easily be inspired by the mood of others he/she should not allow others to use this trait to their advantage. It is not an easy job, by the way, it takes patience and focusing on the area of mood.
Function #4 is the channel of manipulative influences. A Napoleon’s
intuition is poorly differentiated. He has a hard time speaking about
his premonitions and feelings. He just has a ‘gut feeling’ about
something and cannot explain.
Function #-4 objective intuition (Ne):
the zone of fears. If the external situation is entirely complete, then a Napoleon has nothing to do. There must be a gap, and a broken harmony. Engage the enemy, and go with the flow. What is there to think about? For a Napoleon circumstances that are completely known and clear do not give an opportunity to act, therefore he/she tries to create a bifurcation, a stress, a conflict, when it is necessary to make decision on which further succession of events depends, when there is nothing set and fixed and it is necessary to work in unknown circumstances. A Napoleon often acts intuitively, instinctively. The working principle is divide and conquer.
In sports a Napoleon hardly ever reaches high results because he does not like systematic training. If he does achieve something, it is only due to his natural latent potential.
A Napoleon has the ability to do several things simultaneously; they say that Gaius Julius Caesar could do seven things at the same time. In that case his external world is not integral, he sees it as consisting of several parallel layers. This is one of the traits of this type that makes a Napoleon a good leader.
A Napoleon treasures his ability to influence people. He is proud of the love and the respect the people give him. He loves to be popular and in the center of attention. A Napoleon likes to be a leader. This type is bold in sex. But a Napoleon is extremely cautious in the objective world. He lives one day at a time. This type is practical, fun to be around, yet unreliable.
Celebrities of this type: Napoleon Bonaparte, Gaius Julius Caesar,
Alexander the Great, Lucius Annaeus Seneca, Marcus Tullius Cicero,
Catherine II, George Byron, Gustave Flaubert and the character of one of
his novel, Madame Bovary, Stendhal, Alexander Pushkin, Leo Tolstoi and
the main character of one of his novels - Anna Karenina, Rajiv Ghandi,
Michael Gorbatchev, Harry Kasparov, Alla Pugatcheva.
(
Drew BARRYMORE (actress, US), Claudia CARDINALE (actress, Italy),
Ornella MUTI (actress, Italy), Elvis PRESLEY (singer, US), Britney
SPEARS (singer, US), Mena SUVARI (actress, US), Elisabeth TAYLOR
(actress, US), Sherilyn FENN (actress, US), Goldie HAWN (actress, US),
Silvio BERLUSCONI (politician, Italy), Lech WALESA (politician, Poland),
Mikhail GORBACHEV (politician, Russia), Lyndon JOHNSON (politician, US),
Catherine II (monarch, Russia), Ernst ROEHM (politician, Germany, 3rd
Reich), Dmitry ROGOZIN (politician, Russia), Mikhail SAAKASHVILI
(politician, Georgia), Mikhail TUKHACHEVSKY (army commander, Russia),
Jacques CHIRAC (politician, France), Gerhard SCHROEDER (politician,
Germany).
)
ILI (Balzac)
¶
The intuitive-logical introvert Balzac (Ni,Te)
Function #1 subjective intuition (Ni):
the integrity of the internal situation is the principle of existence of this type. If a Hamlet wears and frequently changes masks due to his creative function, a Balzac is able to really ‘become’ someone. When losing myself I remain myself. This trait becomes evident in a Balzac’s relationships. This type has a natural gift of tuning in the mood of their vis–vis. A Balzac has the gift of being exactly what you want him/her to be. There is nothing he does not know about himself: Don’t teach me about myself. People of this type often say: I don’t need socionics. It is of no use to me. I know all this and can do it all. I do not need it to communicate with people and the society. In a sense this is true: Balzac is more aware of his and his partners condition than any other type. The inward orientation is more pronounced in a Balzac than in any other introverted type.
A Balzac has the greatest intuition. This type, so to say, comprehends time in its fullness. A person of sensing type is focused mostly on the here and now. An intuitive type is all over the place - he lives both in past and in future, his mind considers both past experience and potential opportunities. The two types make different impression even at a physical level when they enter a room. The sensing type ‘fills’ the whole room as soon as he enters. You feel like ‘there is a lot of him/her’. The intuitive type is hardly visible. You can hardly feel his/her energy fluctuation.
Function #-1 objective intuition (Ne):
ignoring of the integrity
of the world. At times this type is paradoxically indifferent to the
course of external events, they neglect circumstances, plans and
schedules. Perceiving the predetermined character of circumstances as
something inevitable, they sometimes completely ignore new information
on adverse succession of events, especially when it concerns only them
personally. Even when fully informed of the potentially bad outcome, a
Balzac may make little or no effort to change anything. He makes an
excuse that he does not have any energy to do that. He hands the
responsibility over to a powerful influence from outside to change the
situation.
Function #2 logic of the objective world (Te):
the area of creativity. A Balzac is familiar with current laws and customs. A SLI works on improving things in the area of law and customs, while an ILI criticizes ‘the foolishness of the system’.
The ILI has little energy for practical achievements in this world (less than other types), but he has a good theoretical knowledge of real life. Since this is ILI’s creative function, he/she knows all the undercurrents of the society, all the loopholes in a country’s laws, where to use force and when it’s not worth it, and is able to foresee the consequences of certain actions, etc. With this, they can be ideal advisers for a Napoleon. The excess of energy in a Napoleon results in the spreading too thin. So for best results he should be directed: better go breach this wall, not that one. When a Napoleon does not have a program of action he becomes aggressive. He begins to attack his employees and relatives he does that not because he is evil, but because of inability to decide what exactly to do next. He needs to get the program of action from a Balzac or someone with the same deductive synthetic thinking. A Balzac has a better understanding of laws and logic of the objective world, he knows how this was made and who rules it and how it should be run, due to the specifics of his type he can study the global things and ideas.
What were Honore de Balzacs ideas of life? He wrote 98 novels and short stories comprising a big series titled The Human Comedy. The author created a literary world with more than two thousand characters. He had an idea of the societys logic of his time. Description of various things takes a lot of place in his novels. Balzac does not explain things; he gives the reader a three-dimensional, complete picture of all layers of he society in a single structure.
Function #-2 subjective logic (Ti):
the zone of standards. A
Balzac does not like to explain things. He uses standard methods to
explain things. However, when he does not understand the logic of a
standard method, he may get into an intellectual stupor; this may happen
at an exam. This happens when in their mind their standard method of
explaining thing does not connect with the phenomenon they are trying to
explain.
Function #3 subjective ethics (Fi):
the area of problems. My
attitude to other people: “I like you - I do not like you”, “pleasant -
unpleasant”. The principle of self-esteem: if I love somebody it is a
good reason to have a good attitude to myself, i.e. if I love somebody,
then I am a good person. A Balzac is distancing himself from the object,
withdrawing into the realm of abstractions, when he needs to protect
himself according to the third function. He would rather have his object
of affection be some place far away, in an expedition, on a business
trip abroad. It is always easier to love an ideal image in your mind
than a real person with all their weaknesses. Real people are not
perfect; they disappoint us. If I am disappointed, then I do not love.
Therefore I am bad. Sometimes a Balzac chooses a cat or a dog (or some
other pet) as the object of affection. A Balzac’s third function does
not suffer as much in his relationship with a pet. A Balzac is very
cautious in relationships with people. If we assume that Penelope
belonged to this type, then while waiting for her beloved husband
(Ulysses) to return from a distant land, she was constantly getting a
powerful positive reinforcement according to the third function.
Function #-3 objective ethics (Fe):
it is possible to solve
problems by taking care of external relationships. A Balzac needs a
constant confirmation of others love for her; on the other hand she is
testing whether others are worthy of her love? When a Balzac is checking
and testing she come across to the other types as if she is looking for
a fight, though in reality she dos not want to hear that she is loved
she would rather see the other person do something for her. If there is
a problem with my attitude, first let us find out what is wrong with
that persons attitude to me. While asking this question a Balzac
distances herself from the ‘object’, keeping the relationship as simple
as possible.
Function #4 objective sensing (Se):
form, action, movement; suggestible function. Do something with me. The ILI easily puts on that state that people around want of him/her. Sometimes he/she simply dissolves in that image or state, and with a frequent change of states comes the effect of losing themselves.
People of this type can hardly resist persuasion: when some activity is imposed on them, when they are pressed to do something, they are almost defenseless. It happens that Balzac ‘unexpectedly’ finds him/herself involved in a strange activity.
People of this type often need an external push in order to do something. And, on the other hand, they are unable to resist this pressure. If a person of the opposite sex comes to a Balzac and says: I am moving in, I will live with you. Well, OK.
An ILI has even lower ‘resistability’ than an IEI. The latter at least pays attention to the aesthetics of the situation; the former does not manage to do even that. Perhaps, recognizing this trait in themselves, women of this type often produce an impression of being cold, aloof, difficult, and unapproachable. In this way they unconsciously create a maximum of personal distance.
Function #-4 subjective sensing (Si):
the zone of fear is my sensations, my health condition. Try talking to a Balzac about her health in more detail than it is commonly accepted or than she would prefer and immediately you will be shut down. She would talk about other people, but never about herself! To do something about her health a Balzac needs to make gigantic efforts! At times somebody needs to make him or her take care of his or her health. I can judge from my experience: this type does not like visiting the sick at the hospital.
A Balzac is afraid of picking up a virus. They can wash their hands twenty times a day, and even more. One day my friend a Balzac and I were on an escalator down in the subway station; when I leaned on the handrail, she was terrified: Dont touch! A ton of people has touched it, billions of germs Things like that never come to my mind, but she thought it was a real danger! In general, each type has its own psychopathies, i.e. borderline states when the person is disadaptated. A Balzac, for example, entertains mystical notions regarding her health. At times they experience diseases and symptoms that nobody has experienced or come across with. Doctors have difficulties diagnosing their cases: their fevers unexpectedly come and then suddenly go, and no other symptoms are present. Their blood pressure changes without an obvious reason.
Celebrities of this type: Honore de Balzac, Socrates, Francisco Goya,
Anatole France, Elena Blavatskaya, Michael Kutuzov, Ivan Krylov, Norbert
Winer, Julietta Mazina, Nadezhda Krupskaja, Salome Neris, Raymond Pauls,
Donates Banionis, Eugeny Velihov
(
Woody ALLEN (writer and actor, US), John LENNON (singer, UK), Meg RYAN
(actress, US), Ludwig BOLZMANN (physicist, Austria, XIX century), Isaac
NEWTON (physicist, mathematician and financier, UK, XVII century), Blaze
PASCAL (mathematician, France, XVII century), Wolfgang PAULI (physicist,
Switzerland), Carl Gustav JUNG (psychiatrist, Switzerland), Boris AKUNIN
(writer, Russia), Stanislav LEM (science fiction writer and futurist,
Poland), Gabriel Garcia MARQUEZ (writer, Columbia), Haruki MURAKAMI
(writer, Japan), Aesopes (writer, ancient Greece), Yuri ANDROPOV
(politician, Soviet Union), Charles de GAULLE (politician, France),
Raisa GORBACHEVA (president’s wife, Russia), Eugeni PRIMAKOV
(politician, Russia), Mikhail KHODORKOVSKY (businessman, Russia).
)
LIE (Jack London)
¶
The logical-intuitive extrovert Jack London (Te,Ni)
Function #1 objective logic (Te):
LIE is confident in his/her knowledge of the world of objects and social structures. He/she knows well all the traffic rules, legal codes, techniques, statistics, car mechanics. The stability of the surrounding world and the order of the world in general are important to a person of this type. There is order in my world, therefore I exist. The order may be different depending on time and circumstances, but it should be stable. My house is my fortress - a Jack may say. Jack’s home, family take significant place in his/her system of values: A home is where I am always needed and useful. A Jack with pleasure plunges in any good activity that is useful for his family, friends or people in general in the future. His criteria of any action are its practical value.
Never does a person of this type say: Explain these things to me. LIE says: Demonstrate these things to me, give me the facts. LIEs need objective data that they can rely on this is their level of organization of the personality type. If a soul-searching Jack needs to change something in his/her world-view, he/she disappears for a couple of weeks, or even months and then comes back with a new outlook on life. LIEs need this time of solitude. First you may observe aggression, rejection, and then withdrawal. A Jack does it when something is going on in the area of the first function.
Function #-1 subjective logic (Ti):
the zone of ignoring. A Jack
is a born experimenter, businessman, and practical person. This type
prefers to study the matter itself rather than listen to someone’s
explanations. Jack never trusts a theory until it is proven by practice.
The attempts to comprehend theoretical description of the world and
alter it are a big challenge for a Jack who never theorizes without
proving the concepts in life practice.
Function #2 subjective intuition (Ni):
creativity manifests itself in free manipulation of the internal situation. For example, on the surface a Jack is sitting around and obviously not doing anything, but in fact he/she is struggling with something on the inside. This type may enter the states of mind inaccessible for the majority of other types. The volume of psychological space in the area of Jack’s creative function is larger than that of other types, who have this IM element in other functions. When a person of one IM type speaks about the nuances of her creative function, it might be interesting to some degree another type, but they are not able to completely comprehend and approve of these nuances. This causes misunderstanding: the same words mean different things to different types. This misunderstanding could go deep and be difficult to figure out. It is similar to a situation when a Philippino is attempting to explain something about rice to a person from Europe. In a khanonoo, Philippine language, there are more than 90 words that are used for different kinds and states of rice, while for an English speaker rice is rice, that is all. In the process of translation the nuances of meaning are lost, sometimes without being noticed by either party. The same thing happens with the creative function: it allows for many nuances in an IM element (in this case it is subjective intuition) unavailable for other types having the same element in a different function. Sometimes people do not understand each other not because of their stupidity or lack of positive attitude, but simply because of the poverty of their vocabulary, so to speak.
A LIE usually does not seek a career of an actor - his creativity manifests in a different way. LIE may go hunting out in the wild for four months - this is natural for him (Jack London’s novels depict that trait). They firmly endure difficult circumstances of the wild thirst, hunger, cold weather. They do not need company there. This type is more self-sufficient than any other (the more so since LIE’s relationships with other people are in the zone of fears). There are types who cant handle things like that, but a Jack considers this to be absolutely normal. A Jack can be alone for a long time, living as a forest-guard; he is not bored or anxious.
Vasily Maksimov, the first and, in my opinion, the best translator of Carlos Castaneda’s works, about 20 years ago went to the woods to live there. Here is a good example of a Jack’s creative function. It would be hard for a Napoleon to handle the lifestyle a Jack enjoys, a Don Quixote would not tolerate it either. How could a Hamlet survive there without a stage? Who would a Dumas talk to? To a moose? To say the truth, Alexandre Dumas, the writer, when he created his immortal novels would lock himself in a castle and even lift the bridge, but he was in the company of his characters, and that was quite a company!
Function #-2 objective intuition (Ne):
the zone of standards is
the integrity of the surroundings. LIE wants his schedule to be
standard. This is one of the few types who feel comfortable working at
an assembly line or doing some other routine but useful job. On the
other hand, it is the zone of “unnecessary”; therefore a Jack can easily
shrug off any schedule and leave for the woods, for example. LIE indeed
tries to arrange his/her life so that there would be no necessity to
follow any external schedule, or a way of doing things (freelancing
entrepreneur). In short: this function helps the person to follow and
accept standards, though the person does it without much delight.
Function #3 objective sensing (Se):
- LIE’s self-esteem has its basis in form, action, acts, ability to create something by his own hands. My appearance/image, my abilities, my skill, my activities. Jack is almost always a very capable doer. In some sense this is also a simplification of the situation. Here the LIE has exact knowledge: I can really do something (generally, to have extract knowledge, to know for sure is important in the area of third function). For a Jack this is not only a skill or know-how, but also an additional existential advantage a positive reinforcement on third function, in essence it is the energy from society that he receives. In terms of clothing, this may be LIE wearing a brightly colored jacket with checkered pants. This, however, is not necessary - the defense of this function might be into the negative; then a Jack’s clothes are a bit tattered, carelessness in appearance is accentuated. However, some style is there anyway. Even if the LIE is wearing tattered clothes, there will be attempts to think things through, to work on his/her appearance. In any case, LIE cares about own looks.
Not seldom an LIE has a lot of physical strength and prowess, often he/she is athletic and takes up sports. In any case, the LIE often looks fit and sporty. Not a bad swimmer, shooter at a shooting range, car driver.
One more detail: LIE always has some money. This is also connected to the principles of his/her self-esteem: I am good if I am strong; I am good if I am skilled and capable; I am good if I have money.
Function #-3 subjective sensing (Si):
decisions. If I cannot do
something, if my shape does not meet my standards, it is necessary to do
something about my health, to seek an expert’s advice, to undergo some
kind of treatment. But a Jack, unlike a Hamlet, will do it actively: she
will use tempering, work out, etc. (it is necessary to practice to be
able to do something). Sensory reliability is necessary. A Jack loves
hiking (the more obstacles mountains, swamps the better). She begins
to pay attention to her health condition only when there are problems in
the area of the third function. In this case a Jack starts to seriously
work on improving her health condition.
Function #4 subjective ethics (Fi):
here the person is open for suggestions: Other people should tell me about my attitude to something or to somebody. Do I like something or do I not other people have a better idea whats going on with me, a Relatives may strongly influence a Jack’s attitude; and they use it to rather successfully manipulate him/her.
Jack thinks that a “good place” is a home full of close people, good old friends, and nature all around.
As a rule rigid programs, automatisms, habitual patterns have absolute
power over the fourth function; they may not change for years.
Function #-4 objective ethics (Fe):
fear of external
relationships. Jack can be alone for a long time. All these
relationships you know they cause nothing but troubles. Of course, we
all live in a society, and we all have relationships, at least at a
conventional level. A Jack has a subconscious desire to keep a big
distance between her other people: I dont need any attitudes. If I am
the boss, just do what I say, no need to have an attitude toward me.
When someone says to her: “I love you”, it frightens her. “Things like
that are not just blatantly discussed; it is better to joke and laugh
and make it light, give a gift, flowers.” In short, any plain gesture is
better than a statement. A Jack usually has close relationships only
with a narrow circle of friends it may include the family members and
a couple of close friends.
Celebrities of this type: Jack London, brothers John and Robert Kennedy,
Robert Wood, Ernest Hemingway, Anastasia Philippovna (a character from
Dostoyevskys Idiot), Sergey Eisenstein, Ernest Hemingway, Sophia Loren.
It is a popular American type featured in the Marlboro ads.
(
Jean Paul BELMONDO (actor, France), Tommy Lee JONES (actor, US), Matt
DAMON (actor, US), Andrei KONCHALOVSKY (movie director, US), Brad PITT
(actor, US), Julia ROBERTS (actress, US), Yuma THURMAN (actress, US),
Tom HANKS (actor, US), Richard FEYNMAN (physicist, US), Enrique FERMI
(physicist, Italy and US), Richard BACH (writer, US), Jack LONDON
(writer, US), Robert Lewis STEVENSON (writer, UK, XIX century), Tony
BLAIRE (politician, UK), Bill GATES III (businessman, US), Boris YELTSIN
(politician, Russia), John F. KENNEDY (politician, US), Junichiro
KOIZUMI (politician, Japan), Victor YUSHCHENKO (politician, Ukraine).
)
ESI (Dreiser)
¶
The ethical-sensory introvert Dreiser (Fi,Se)
Function #1 subjective ethics (Fi):
the persons attitude to
something or somebody is in the area of confidence. In this area
persons relationships are of the least importance, often they do not
concern him at all. His attitude is much more important here, and he
would rather have it permanently fixed. If a Dreiser has formed a good
opinion of someone, it would take some major factors to make it change.
Even more so his bad attitude or opinion is hard to change. Other types
may easily change their attitudes: I love it today; I hate it tomorrow.
A Dreiser’s first function can hardly be described with words.
Essentially it is the need for being able to have a conscious attitude.
The attitude itself may change, but its realm is so deep, that can
hardly be described with words. This realm of personal attitudes to
other people and the external world is strongly felt but poorly
verbalized. There is constant activity in this realm.
Function #-1 objective ethics (Fe):
ignoring of the relationships.
A Dreiser is an observer. At a party she is mostly quiet and observant.
But she would dance with pleasure he/she moves with ease, likes to
dance: there is no fellowship or relationship in a dance as she thinks.
A Dreiser may fail to discern other people’s feelings or attitudes. Her
inadvertent stepping on toes may result in a sudden barrage of
complaints. A Dreiser really does not fathom since the external
relationships are in her zone of ignoring. And this is hard to explain
to another type because they also have their own realms, and they may
interpret a Dreisers ignoring in their own way.
The zone of ignoring is a place where the ‘unexpected’ conflicts arise.
Due to the peculiarity of this psychological sphere the person may face
sudden adverse reaction from someone close who has been putting up with
things, but at a certain point of time his/her cup overflows with anger
and bitterness, and the person explodes over an innocent minor thing.
Function #2 objective sensing (Se):
a form, an action, a movement.
The essence of this type is a woman who dresses exquisitely and
daintily. Earlier the name of Brigitte Bardo was used as a common label
for this type. For some reason I have met more women of this type than
men. It would be fair to say that a Dreiser is to a greater degree a
female type; though in socionics there are no purely ‘male’ or ‘female’
types. A Dreiser always has a style in clothes; it not have to coincide
with the current fashion; it is something very unusual. For example, a
woman of this type would never wear a hat even an expensive one bought
from a popular hat maker unless she has altered it in one way or
another. She has to change the lining or curl up the rim before she
decides that she can wear it. A Dreiser pays a great deal of attention
to the nuances in her costume. The external form, appearance, deeds and
motion, dancing - all this is in this area. How do I look, how I move?!
A Dreisers artistic desire is satisfied by making handmaid original
projects, things that other people cannot make. This creativity,
naturally, is marked by the specifics of the social stratum where the
person was formed. A Dreiser always to observes the decencies; she is a
conformist; this type does not challenge the society neither does it
break any laws. A Dreiser is good with finances. Remember the novels
The Financier, The Titan, The Stoic? A Dreiser may not worry at
all when without money. It is the zone of risk, too. Life is hard
without money but some people are ok without it and others freak out. A
Maxim and a Dreiser belong to the former part of humanity.
Function #-2 subjective sensing (Si):
this is the zone of
standards. She has a normative attitude to health. When a Dreiser gets
sick she does not panic: I should go see a doctor, do what he says. She
follows the doctor’s advice. If people do not turn to doctors for help
that is their problem. A Dreiser is conservative in food preferences and
sex.
Function #3 subjective intuition (Ni):
the integrity of the
internal situation is in the area of problems. My internal situation
should always be complete, stable and protected. It is important this
type to have inner peace. In the society they look for a social niche
where the stability of the internal situation is guaranteed even if it
provides less money and prestige. A Maxim is drawn to the rigid social
structures: the stability of the internal situation is supported by the
stability of the external situation. In the case of a Dreiser the
situation is more complex because the latter feels the harmony of the
external world through the inner repercussions in a more subtle way.
This inner world should be in tune with what is going on outside.
Therefore a Dreiser has to work harder to harmonize his inner world with
the world around him. He has to look for or transfer in to a state,
which allows for accepting the world the way it is. Naturally it does
not take long before the world disturbs the Dreisers inner harmony
again, it is constantly invading his inner psychological realm. A
Dreiser, a Dostoevsky and a Hamlet are the most anxious types of all.
Function #-3 objective intuition (Ne):
problem solving. If there
is a problem with the integrity of the internal situation then the
external situation needs to be adjusted so that the inner balance may be
restored. Acceptance of current circumstances does not always bring the
inner peace. Sometimes it is necessary to create new conditions, i.e.
instead of accepting the circumstances it is necessary to work with the
external situation. If problems persist then a Dreiser begins to
reluctantly work with the circumstances, she even makes attempts to
change the course of events. A Dreiser does it slowly, irresolutely,
gradually, but nevertheless she does it.
Function #4 objective logic (Te):
a person is suggested not by
explanations but by facts. Give me the facts. A Dreiser does not need
“explanations”: Do not explain, just give me the facts, I am not
interested in your interpretation! A Dreiser considers only real events
and proven facts. Suggestion here is possible by means of objective data
or something tangible. For example, someone says to a Dreiser: Tomorrow
we are going to the theatre, here are the tickets! Ok, we are going
then. There is no need to tell her about the play, how good the actors
are, etc. A Dreiser expects people to have conventional behavior; she is
irritated when people break rules by using any personal relationships or
connections. A good place is the place where it is possible to be sure
about the authenticity of what is going on.
Function #-4 subjective logic (Ti):
my understanding. Here is the
fear to understand everything. Therefore sometimes a Dreiser’s
explanations seem short and vague to other people. This type would
rather talk about facts than explain things. She tends to avoid
situations when it is necessary to explain things. Why explain things
that exist and I can see them with my own eyes. I want to know, it is
not necessary to explain anything. A Dreiser often runs into
explanations, which he does not see as true. Never mind explanations
being absolutely logical it is just not so. A Dreiser clearly
perceives the actual state of affairs irrespective of the fact how and
who interprets them. They do not like to talk through the issues and
work on relationships.
Celebrities of this type: Theodore Dreiser, Francis Scott Fitzgerald,
Alexander Dumas, Ivan Turgenev, Nicola Machiavelli, Richard Nixon,
Benazir Bhutto, Nancy Reagan, Brigitte Bardot.
(
Lara Flynn BOYLE (actress, US), Leonardo DI CAPRIO (actor, US), Tom
CRUSE (actor, US), Michele PLACIDO (actor, Italy), Michelle PFEIFFER
(actress, US), Susan SARANDON (actress, US), John TRAVOLTA (actor, US),
Sybille SHEPHERD (actress, US), Alexander DOVZHENKO (writer and movie
director, Ukraine), Jerome D. SALINGER (writer, US), Stefan ZWEIG
(writer, Austria), Leonid BREZHNEV (politician, Soviet Union), Elisabeth
II (monarch, UK), Jacqueline KENNEDY ONASSIS (president’s wife, US),
Richard NIXON (politician, US).
)
EII (Dostoevsky)
¶
The ethical-intuitive introvert Dostoevsky (Fi,Se)
Function #1 subjective ethics (Fi):
the zone of confidence is my
attitude to others. The spectrum of emotional reactions of this type is
peculiarly large. A Dostoevsky is more confident in the sphere of
emotions than other types. People of this type feel and discern shades
and nuances of emotions unthinkable for representatives of the other
types. What could, say, a Zhukov understand in a Dostoyevskys emotional
world when even the notion of such details is absent in the psyche of
the former? People often live in parallel worlds that have nothing in
common except for rather narrow area of conventional (formal) contacts.
Function #-1 objective ethics (Fe):
ignoring relationships. A
Dostoevsky has this trait in common with a Dreiser. If a person pays
special attention to the relationships of close people for some reason,
then she can see them clearly; but this is not the case with the
majority of the Dostoevskys who are prone to ignore this aspect of life
(sometimes they do it intentionally, choosing to wear the mask of a
misanthrope). This may cause “unexpected” problems. The inner world may
draw all of a Dostoyevskys attention, while a dense veil of imagination
may cover the outside world.
Function #2 objective intuition (Ne):
integrity of the outside
world, external harmony. How did F.M.Dostoyevsky write his novels? First
of all he would create the structure of his future novel, write a very
detailed plan. This would take a lot of time, months sometimes. And
after that the novel could be written in a couple of weeks. The novels
characters would come to life and even beak out of the mold! Here the
creative function of this type (objective intuition) is seen: Dostoevsky
gave his characters freedom to live and to act, due to that fact they
acted like real people, not like puppets. Perhaps this is what marks a
real classical author: a “gut feeling” of what is natural of the person
described. Fyodor Dostoevsky in his novels dissects and analyzes this
world, trying to understand why it is so disharmonious. The ancient
saying, The beauty will save the world, became popular in Soviet
Russia due to Dostoyevskys novels. It is quite natural that people with
the creative function aimed at the external harmony often become
authors, musicians and artists.
Function #-2 subjective intuition (Ni):
the zone of standards:
integrity of the internal world. Two or three habitual states are more
than enough for a Dostoevsky; there is no need for variety here. Even
the state of the downward spiral of depression is very common with them.
During that time they are practically disconnected from the environment,
hardly perceiving the surroundings.
Function #3 subjective sensing (Si):
her self-esteem is based on
her experience of sexual intimacy, and her health condition, etc. People
of this type often make careers as physicians or therapists,
psychiatrists. They pay a great deal of attention to their health, it is
very important to them. And, most likely, when working with other
peoples problems, helping them, they also solve problems of their own.
A Dostoevsky frequently looks sick since they usually defend their third
function in the negative mode. Sometimes a person of this type produces
the impression of being seriously, even terminally ill, but nevertheless
she is actively taking care of her health. Active sexual life is also a
reason for high self-esteem in a Dostoevsky.
Function #-3 objective sensing (Se):
problems are solved in the
sphere of external forms, actions. If there are health problems, certain
steps should be made; when a Dostoevsky catches a cold she makes a cup
of hot herbal tea, mixes an antiseptic gargle, starts doing exercises…
Even if their main interests lie in a sphere remote from medicine, they
are often well versed in this area.
Function #4 objective logic (Te):
information presented as a
so-called well established fact to a Dostoevsky may be used to
manipulate her because she is the type that can be suggested by facts.
Give me the facts. Give me the numbers/ Other people easily manipulate
a Dostoyevskys opinion by presenting ‘objective’ data. On the other
hand, when a Dostoyevskys explanation of things is not easy to
understand sometimes. This is an activity in the zone of fears (the
fourth co function - subjective logic, understanding); this zone is
luring, but it is hard to get good results in the activity in this
sphere. People of this type often have their own interpretation of life;
their interpretation may considerably differ from that of others. This
type usually has a bent on mysticism, numerology and other similar
explanatory models.
Function #-4 subjective logic (Ti):
my understanding. Fear to
understand all and everything. Therefore a Dostoyevskys explanations
sometimes seem vague, confusing to the representatives of the other
types. A Dostoevsky may go to one of the two extremes here: on the one
hand there is a propensity to mysticism, on the other hand there is an
unusual trust in statistics and evidences. Because of the subconscious
fear to understand everything, this type often tries to explain the
unknown by the obscure. People of this type are very practical people,
but they are not very good at explaining things, obviously it is not
their strongest side.
Celebrities of this type: Fyodor Dostoyevsky (writer, Russia, XIX
century) and prince Myshkin from the novel “Idiot”, Vincent Van Gogh,
Konstantin Paustovsky, Alexander Solzhenitsyn (writer, Russia),
Alexander Sokurov, Marilyn Monroe, Vivien Leigh, Catherine Deneuve,
Elizabeth Taylor.
(
Jeremy IRONS (actor, US), Julianne MOORE (actress, US), Gwyneth
PALTROW (actress, UK), Sissy SPACEK (actress, US), Ralph FIENNES (actor,
UK), Carrie FISHER (actress, US), Vincent Van Gogh (artist, The
Netherlands), (writer, Russia), Nicholas II (monarch, Russia), Friedrich
von PAULUS (army commander, Germany, 3rd Reich), Albert SPEER
(politician, Germany, 3rd Reich).
)
LSE (Stierlitz)
¶
The logical-sensory extrovert Sherlock Holmes
Function #1 objective logic (Te):
order is in the zone of confidence. Due to the combination with the third function (integrity of the outer world) a Holmes may look a bit pedantic, somewhat priggish. A Holmes displays emotions much more sparingly than a Hamlet or a Dostoevsky. Sometimes people of this type seem to have a static character; though in movies when both the type of the character and the type of the actor is a Holmes, the effect is amazing. It seems as if the actor does not have to pretend but lives in front of the camera his own life, filling his own realm. And good directors find actors of the same type as their characters.
A Holmes is a good leader, director, and manager. A Holmes is easily distinguished by his military-like posture, though he has never been in the military service. A Holmes, as a rule, dresses formally, although if in jeans and sweater he still appears neat and tidy.
The objective logic also includes my territory’. A Holmes rarely meddles with the life of family members, but it is necessary for him to know where they are and what they are doing.
By clinical classification it is an anancastic type. A Holmes wants to have a good grasp of the circumstances, thus when new facts occur he needs time and full information to reflect upon it. This type will first say ‘no’, and then he will look for the objective data. Having accepted certain order, Holmes would follow it rigorously. If someone offers to take another road, a Holmes needs not just a route on a map to agree with, but some authentic facts to support the decision. The first function is conservative, and it means that my world is stable, my territory is stable. I have to know that the world is in order, and this order should never change.
The person of this type would never say, Please explain, but he will demand: Demonstrate it to me. Besides a Holmes will inquire: What methods did you use? What are the statistics to support what you are demonstrating? Who told you of this fact? Who are you? Who gave you the authority to talk about psychology? Are you a psychologist? People of this type need exact and reliable data, which they could rely upon in the future this is the structure-forming base, the level of organization of their personalities. Everything pertaining to it must be reliable: Who told you that this is correct? - Dr.N did. - Well, then it is all right. A Holmes wants to be convinced that the information he uses is not something thought up by some lunatic. He is the type who trusts anything printed; he considers any printed material to be a reliable source of information because it seems to be recognized by the society so he approves of it too.
Function #-1 subjective logic (Ti):
the zone of ignoring. Mistrust
to hypotheses and concepts: What are you explaining to me?! Give me the
data, show me the diagrams, certificates and do not explain anything.
And also: I am not interested in opinions, tell me what really
happened, I need facts, not your ideas. It was not by chance that
Sherlock Holmes (a Holmes, by the way) used the deductive method of
criminal investigation so brilliantly; it was the method of analysis and
comparison of facts.
Function #2 subjective sensing (Si):
the place of creativity. Here
are my feelings, my health condition and sexual activity. A Holmes likes
a constant change of sensations. He eagerly and delightfully tastes
different foods and drinks. He knows the cure for many illnesses.
Creativity of any type is usually realized by the second function with
the use of the material of the third function.
People of this type are acutely aware of time and have a lot of rather
peculiar abilities in this sphere. For example, Dr.Kozyrev (Russian
physicist, a Holmes) introduced the notion of physical properties of
time into the science. What other type is capable of perceiving the
world in this way? The majority of the scientific community rejected
this theory; it did not fit with the usual physicists’ concepts of time.
Function #-2 objective sensing (Se):
the zone of standards. Here are the appearance and the form. As far as I know, this type does care about appearance, but it is not a priority. A Holmes dresses neatly and according to the standard of the circle of his friends or society. At his workplace he wears the required kind of uniform. If at his work place a Versace suite is required then he will wear a Versace suite, if it is the overalls then he will wear the overalls in a workshop. Extravagance is in the area of the unwanted. A Holmes’s deeds and behavior, as a rule, are in harmony with the customary norm of the milieu. A Holmes’s prefers to take the same road to work, he enjoys when events and actions have a usual sequence. A Holmes is very conservative and tries to adhere to habitual routes. That, however, does not prevent people of this type from being very dynamic and active in the financial sphere.
Money in a Holmes system of values falls into the two categories of the objective sensing and the objective logic. A Holmes always has the exact sum of money he needs. He plans his budget well taking into consideration everything, making scrupulous calculations. When out of money a Holmes does not fidget; he knows when and how much to expect. A Hugo is very different in this sense, for example, he may be afraid of having the money in his pocket. A Holmes plans and schedules everything in advance.
Function #3 objective intuition (Ne):
time. People of this type
count every second. The third function is the principle used to estimate
oneself: I am good or I am bad. Jokes are not permissible in this
sphere, this is where the person has his energy source: here he gets his
positive or negative reinforcement. People of this type never become
bureaucrats; they do not know how to procrastinate. If they are capable
of solving the problem, then they do it at once. If you tell a Holmes
something like: We are wasting time it will be as if you have told him
that he is a bad person. A Holmes can tell other people that they are
wasting time, but when people tell him this he takes as an insult. A
Holmes does quality work, each step he makes wisely. There must be order
and rule in everything. A Holmes unlike, say, a Napoleon needs the
integrity of the external situation; it is difficult for them to do
several things simultaneously, so subconsciously they try to line up all
their pursuits in a sequence by distributing priorities. However, the
ideal plan does not always work out in the real world of stress and
hectic. . The world does not line up with the ideal sequential lay out.
The real world consists of a number of dimensions with their own speed
of time. Therefore there is tension, and the person pays for it from the
pocket of his time and effort.
Function #-3 subjective intuition (Ni):
the solution of problems
is possible through the change of the inner state, the change of mood.
However, a Holmes does it reluctantly, and outwardly the struggle to
change his mood or state manifests itself in blunt manners.
Function #4 subjective ethics (Fi):
suggestible function my attitude to something or somebody. Whether I like something or somebody or I do not, if something is pleasing to me or not other people know. A Holmes has a hard time forming a personal opinion or attitude. He needs objective data, newspaper article to help him form a pseudo-independent opinion. A Holmes looks for things to lean on to help him in his relationships. Often a director (a Holmes) has a secretary (a Napoleon) who forms opinions for the boss. Then there comes a time when it is hard to tell who is the boss. A Holmes needs time to make up his mind and determine what is his actual attitude to something or somebody. Therefore when inquiring about his feelings of love for you, you will be much better off if you make a statement, I know you love me!
The same is with his attitude to a phenomenon, an event, and a professional person. Is he a PhD or not? What is his field of knowledge? Does he have publications?! Oh, he had a book published, well, that’s a different story! Objective evidence, information from reliable sources helps a Holmes to form his opinion.
A good place is the place with good reputation, if other people, the majority decided it is good then it is good. This narrow-minded mentality makes a Holmes very conservative.
Function #-4 objective ethics (Fe):
fear of relationships.
Solitude does not frighten a Holmes. To be alone is normal. In a company
of friends or among office workers a Holmes often plays a role of an
observer, at times indifferent, at times involved. When somebody showers
him with attention and emotions, he is frightened and may withdraw.
Celebrities of this type: Richelieu, Thomas Alva Edison, Sherlock Holmes
(fictional character, by Arthur Conan Doyle), Sir Arthur Conan Doyle,
Greta Garbo, Charles de Gaulle, Francois Mitterrand, Ronald Reagan, John
Galsworthy, Erich Maria Remarque, Arkady Raikin, George Tovstonogov,
Oleg Efremov, Richard Sorge (soviet spy, pre-WWII times), Alesha
Karamazov (Dostoyevsky’s character, The Karamazov Brothers), Karenin
(Tolstoy’s character, Anna Karenina). The best representation of this
type in literature is Soms Forsythe, a character in John Galsworthy’s
novel, The Forsythes Saga.
(
Gillian ANDERSON (actress, US), Carole BOUQUER (actress, France),
Greta GARBO (actress, Sweden and US), Marlene DIETRICH (actress, Germany
and US), Mila JOVOVICH (actress, France), Sean CONNERY (actor,
Scotland), Bruce WILLIS (actor, US), Helen HANT (actress, US), Helmut
KOHL (politician, Germany), Margaret THATCHER (politician, UK), Mary
POPPINS (fictional character, by Pamela Travers)
)
SLI (Gabin)
¶
The Sensing-logical introvert Jean Gabin
Function #1 subjective sensing (Si):
the zone of confidence is the
health condition. Here lies confidence about his feelings, he usually
knows exactly if he is sick or not, he has an excellent ability to
explain sensations. No external influences have any effect here. A Gabin
knows well what treatment is best for a particular illness. I feel,
therefore I exist. Sensations of people of this type may vary over a
wide range. They easier adapt to new foods than any other types. In sex
a Gabin is rather conservative.
Function #-1 objective sensing (Se):
the zone of ignoring. People
of this type may be inattentive to their own appearance, to the interior
of their house, to other peoples behavior even if their actions
influence them directly. They are not fit for any monotonous work, for
example, for work at the conveyor assembly line. They need to pay
special attention and make extra efforts to keep up their appearance.
They do not have a natural feeling for style in clothes. They often
ignore parents or peer pressure. Children of this type may seem to be
very stubborn.
Function #2 objective logic (Te):
the area of creativity. A Gabin is a practical person, a smart innovator, i.e. they know well how to cut a corner, how to save money and even find loop wholes in the law and stay out of trouble at the same time. It is the zone of risk. They realize their creativity in their interaction with the material world. They count money well and know how and when to save.
People of this type are interested in the world’s mechanics and aspire to put it in order. In the world around them there is always something that needs to be fixed and put in order. If everything is in order, then I am not needed. A Gabin, as a rule, does not engage in global projects, but makes practical improvements he wants to make life easier, more convenient, and less expensive. A Gabins obsession with innovations at times goes beyond the reasonable and the logical. But this is the area where he is creative.
This type physically feels the real world; he has its qualities and laws at his fingertips. Unlike a Don Quixote with his fantasies, they have exact knowledge of laws and their current application. A Gabin is a practical person; he is a fine clerk, bookkeeper and lawyer.
Function #-2 subjective logic (Ti):
the zone of standards. As a
rule, a Gabin is satisfied with standard explanations; the reality is
much more important: the exact knowledge of facts, an objective
representation of the surroundings. Theories are necessary, yes, but it
is not a Gabin’s strong side. Theoretical, abstract problems are solved
by standard methods. A Gabin would never argue, explain or prove
anything it is just not interesting. For a Gabin knowing the world is
its practical mastering.
Function #3 subjective ethics (Fi):
the place of problems. This
means: my attitude to other people. If I love someone, then I am a good
person; if I do not like somebody (anybody) then I am bad. Good
attitude to other people is a reason for a good attitude to oneself.
Gabins try to protect their emotional sphere from the intruding
outsiders in every possible way. They usually make the impression of
integral souls, a bit abstracted. Idealizing people, the Gabins
persistently move away from them setting a distance where the ideal
would have no chance to get in conflict with the disappointing reality.
The aspiration to an ideal love in the course of time makes moralists of
them.
Function #-3 objective ethics (Fe):
this is a problem solving
area. If there is a problem with my attitude to somebody, then it is
necessary to alter the relationships. As a rule, a Gabin solves problems
by means of regulation of the personal distance. All people around are
assigned specific coordinates in a Gabins personal space; it consists
of a rather small ‘inner circle’ of several close friends and a rather
wide outside circle of acquaintances. Usually other people see this type
of people as aloof and out of touch with reality. A Gabin respects the
traditional social standards of communication, the norms of politeness,
and the etiquette. This type usually has a problem of loosing touch with
their growing children.
Function #4 objective intuition (Ne):
here are the area of “I want
to” and the principle of assessment of a place, and the integrity of the
world. I want the situation to be transparent, known from beginning to
end. His yearning for external harmony may lead a Gabin to choose a
monotonous lifestyle with more or less predictable events. A Gabin likes
to just get on a bus or a train and ride all day long without any
purpose or destination in mind. He is experiencing something new, he has
new impressions, he observes changing scenery and at the same time the
bus (train) route is known from beginning to end. This kind of behavior
does not seem ridiculous to a person of this type. A good place is the
place with stable schedule. Suggestion is effective when certain
sequence of actions is offered to a Gabin. A Huxley easily influences a
Gabin by transmitting through the subconscious some kind of a ‘life
scenario’ to him.
Function #-4 subjective intuition (Ni):
the integrity of the inner
world is in the zone of fears. Using the terms of a meditative process,
we can say that he has a fear of going within himself, and study the
inner self. His fear may grow when he meditates. He is able to think
about his inner state only in medical terms of health condition. A Gabin
hardly differentiates the inner states and moods. This is why people of
this type often seem to be even-tempered, as if they are always living
in just one and the same state. A Gabin avoids the states he cannot
control.
Celebrities of this type: Jean Gabin, Guy De Maupassant, Albert Camus,
Agatha Christie and her fictional character Hercules Poirot, Georges
Simenon and his fictional character commissioner Maigret, Miguel de
Cervantes and his fictional character Sancho Pansa, Jean-Paul Sartre,
Fran?oise Sagan (writer, France), Somerset Maugham, Monica Vitti, Vladim
(
Lino VENTURA (actor, Italy), Mel GIBSON (actor, US), Catherine DENEUVE
(actress, France), Gerard DEPARDIEU (actor, France), Angelina JOLIE
(actress, US), Renee SELLWEGER (actress, US), Harvey KEITEL (actor, US),
Robert DE NIRO (actor, US), Maryl STREEP (actress, US), Harrison FORD
(actor, US), Woody HARRELSON (actor, US), Adriano CELENTANO (actor,
Italy), William Somerset MAUGHAM (writer, UK), George SAND (writer,
France), George SIMENON (writer, Belgium), Roman ABRAMOVICH
(businessman, Russia), Alexander KWASNIEWSKI (politician, Poland), Aslan
MASKHADOV (terrorist, Russia).
)
IEE (Huxley)
¶
The intuitive-ethical extrovert Thomas Huxley (Ne,Fi)
Function #1 objective intuition (Ne):
the zone of confidence is
the integrity of the external world. Feeling of harmony and integrity of
the world prevails here. A wide variety of events may be perceived as
normal: even very tough lifes circumstances could be perceived as some
kind of working environment, he takes it easy, does not panic. The
principle of existence: The world around me is in harmony, therefore I
exist.
Function #-1 subjective intuition (Ni):
a Huxley often ignores the
integrity of the inner world. A Hamlet enjoys being active in this
sphere, this is his hobby and the area of creativity, but a Huxley
ignores his inner world, it is an unknown territory for him. A Huxley is
likely to imitate states and feelings that should be there as far as he
knows; he will make attempts to analyze his state and mood. If a Huxley
cannot manage his mood, he puts up with it as with an inevitable evil
which cannot be fought.
Function #2 subjective ethics (Fi):
the place of creativity is my attitude to others. If I feel like it then I will fall in love, if I don’t feel like it - then I will fall out of love, and later I will love some more. This is not the stable kind of relationships he prefers. His feelings of love are never sure and stable. Today a Huxley loves you; tomorrow will speak for itself. People of this type have no idea about commitment as far as their feelings and emotions are concerned, they sway in their emotions between love and hate, they see a wide spectrum of shades in-between. At the same time if they hate you it is not final, as it is with some other types who make up their mind once and for good. Nothing is eternal under the moon: today I love, leave tomorrow for tomorrow.
A Huxley is also careless in demonstrating his attitude. “Hey, man, are you stupid or what! he says by the way. He is joking, teasing. From the point of view of the alpha-quadra those jokes are completely inappropriate. I have a friend, a Huxley. I twitch every time he jokes and every time I am amazed: my inner being invariably reacts. What could be done? Essentially nothing can be done here.
A Huxley expresses his attitude very creatively. Consequently he is looking for positions and opportunities to express his attitude. People of this type are often found in leading positions in the society where their creative function is well realized: they are heading the departments at the Universities, leading people in other ways.
Function #-2 objective ethics (Fe):
here is the zone of standards
the quality of the relationships depends on whether the person belongs
to ‘my circle’ or does not. His social bondings are formal and standard.
When out in the society a Huxley uses the “uniform” approach. The
dialogue happens on the formal basis: a Huxley talks to people in the
key of social role-playing considering positions of both sides. Even in
his relationship with close people a Huxley often keeps a distance.
Function #3 objective logic (Te):
his self-esteem depends on the stability of the external world order. If my world is in order, then I am a good person.
These people look good on a stage playing a guitar or something like that. As a rule, they live to become their ideal. People of this type perceive the logic of the objective circumstances through the third function; therefore they simplify the logic of the real world and idealize it. Quite often they expect their partners to comply with their abstract ideal. A Huxley has a hard time finding a spouse because real partners do not meet their ideal standards. The person close by cannot be ideal by definition. Why is this type also labeled as a Don Juan? It is because he is on the quest for his ideal object of love, unless he chooses to idealize the existing person. A very intelligent woman of this type once told me how she had broken this particular cycle: At one point of my life after a series of unsuccessful relationships I set my mind on loving only one man, my son. And ever since I never looked at another man from that point of view. Anyway, she found the one and only and solved the problem of the ideal man for herself. One of the acquaintances of Alexander Block, the Russian poet, narrated the following story. Once in 1918 he came to the poet’s apartment and was amazed at the ideal order on his desk. When the visitor asked why he keeps his desk in perfect order, Block replied that he found it to be the only way to resist the chaos around him. This is a way of self-defense according to the third function: There is an ideal order on my territory. Even though the positive reinforcement was artificially organized, it worked anyway.
As to the surrounding world, a Huxley has an excellent ability to understand and calculate the circumstances. A Huxley has a computer in his head; he processes a multitude of aspects and dimensions. As we know, people pay close attention to everything pertaining to the third function; they work on clarifying and understanding things in this area.
A Huxley is always ready to argue, asserting his ideals, his worldview until they prove to everyone that they are right. These people often adhere to a school or a doctrine. Having accepted a picture of the world, they advocate and actively popularize the adopted doctrine. A characteristic example of a teacher-disciple relationship is the story of Charles Darwin (the author of the theory of the origin of species) and Lord Thomas Huxley, the chairman of the Royal Scientific Society. Actually due to Huxley this theory was popularized and was placed in the key position of the modern scientific world. It is quite possible that nobody would have known about the early Darwins evolutionary ideas, he was a theorist, while Huxley was a skilful practician and a brilliant popularizer. And he brilliantly popularized the theory.
Function #-3 subjective logic (Ti):
this is the area of problem
solving. People of this type try to structure and line up the
information of the objective world as much as possible. That is an
attempt to build an ideal description of the world, which does not leave
any place for transcendental notions, i.e. something inexpressible in
terms of their worldview. They allow for the unknown, but the
unsearchable has no right to exist.
Function #4 subjective sensing (Si):
a good place is the place where I have good sensations, where I feel good. A pat on the shoulder, a good meal and he is all yours, this is his idea of a perfect world, he feels great where these conditions are met, he is in trance. Give him some more of the same treatment and he falls asleep, goes into a deeper trance. People of this type are especially suggestible through sensations. It is enough to say a word about somebodys health, and he gets self-conscious, thinking about his health he may get carried away. They tend to apply everything they hear to themselves, information may not even be related to them but they immediately think about their own center of the universe. People of this type are rather hypochondriac.
On the other hand, these people are the easiest to treat. They trust the doctor. What do the extrasensory healers do? They ask their patient, Do you feel the warmth in the knee area? - “Yes.” - Does the knee hurt? - Yeah, it does. - Well now you feel the warmth intensifying, it is getting warmer. And now I am pulling it out do you feel it? - Yes, it goes away - OK, I throw it away completely feel better? - “It is better”. - Does it hurt now? - It does not!
People of this type may be effectively treated by means of mild suggestion. Here the mechanism of psychosomatics works in both ways. A person of this type may think up an illness, and to treat it is necessary to think up a way to “unthink” it, the approach should be based on the person’s sensations. The main thing here is that the person should feel something. Everything depends on the system of beliefs that he accepts. Well, what system of beliefs do we have here? A biological power myth? Very well!
Function #-4 objective sensing (Se):
the fear of a complete form,
fear of an action. A fence he is building has been under construction
for ten years, but the last nail may never be hammered in; he has been
writing his thesis for fifteen years, but it is still unfinished because
it is ‘imperfect’ still more studying needs to be done, some
cross-checking is needed etc. A Huxley frequently lives in the world of
the unfinished forms, imperfect objects; and he is constantly struggling
(unlike a Don Quixote) with this imperfection. To get a result from a
Huxley it is necessary to put strict deadline. Otherwise the work will
be procrastinated indefinitely, he will continue to alter, add, and
improve things But there is no limit to perfection! This trait should
be taken into account in a working environment. Knowing this trait a
Huxley often seeks a job where work deadlines are stipulated ‘by
default’. This could be, for example, teaching.
Celebrities of this type: Lord Thomas Henry Huxley (biologist, UK), Don
Juan, Denis Diderot, Theodore Roosevelt, Francois Marie Arouet Voltaire,
Genrich Haines, Frederick Chopin, Giuseppe Verdi, Gabriel Garcia
Marquez, Bertram Russell, Michael Bulgakov, Alexander Blok, Anthony Van
Dike, Vronsky (fictional character, Tolstoy’s Anna Karenina), Jonathan
Swift, Oscar Wild and Lord Henry (fictional character, Wild’s The
Portrait of Dorian Gray), Mark Twain and Tom Sawyer (fictional
character, Twain’s The Adventures of Tom Sawyer), Bernard Shaw. (
Fanny
ARDANT (actress, France), Jane BIRKIN (actress, UK), Pierre RICHARD
(actor, France), CHER (actress and singer, US), Tim ROTH (actor, US),
Tom HULCE (actor, US)
) |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/profile_meged.html | Socionics Type Profiles by V. Meged and A. Ovcharov¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Socionics Type Profiles by V. Meged and A. Ovcharov
¶
Warning
This page or section
needs work
.
Socionics types profiles compiled by
Valentina Meged
and
Anatoliy Ovcharov
.
Partial translation–needs further translation work.
Original source
.
ILE (Don Quixote)
¶
ILE, ENTp (Intuitive-Logical Extrovert): INNOVATOR
Appearance
: The ILE has a somewhat scattered, thoughtful, roaming gaze. At times his looks becomes attentive, openly studying the people before him, the details of their appearance, the surrounding objects, the interior of the room, etc. Occasionally, the ILE assumes an air of importance and seriousness, or looks directly at his conversation partner, while thinking about something of his own. The mimicry of his face changes very little during conversation; at times there are glimpses of shyness and social awkwardness. The ILE often smiles trying to positively predispose his conversation partner. This smile seems cordial, although not very natural and at times seemingly inadequate to the situation. His manners and behavior are unconstrained, democratic, sometimes overly free and libertine. He tries to appear easy-going and natural, when sitting can spread out and lounge. His movements often seem uncoordinated and irresolute. It seems that he doesn’t know what to do with his hands, he may lean on something even when there is no need for it. His back and posture may be a little stooped. He may walk with slightly bent knees, superfluously swinging around his hands.
Character
: Well sees prospects of affairs in the future, he often comes to mind with new ideas and ambitious projects. He prefers to do what is interesting rather than what is beneficial. Curious, read a lot, often he changes his hobbies. Interested in unusual phenomena, when the case may be surprised with something new or sensational. He dislikes strict mode. Making up for lost time to time to arrange a rush jobs. In need of emotional stimuli, even shakes, as in the routine of his mood drops. Sometimes scattered, especially passionate about their thoughts. Compliant in matters of everyday life, but is able to impose their beliefs on others. Put pressure on him not - can not adequately respond. Responsive to the care and affection. Get out of a difficult situation himself, but willingly helps others tips. Resourceful and resolute in extreme situations. He tries to be useful and interesting to others, it supports all equal, friendly relations. In democratic dialogue. Tolerant of human weakness, but uncompromising in defending their beliefs. Poorly versed in the relationship, thus he’s cautious in expressing his feelings. If confident in his chances, he may be bold and assertive. Sometimes he changes the tact, but no one for a long time it is not angry.
SEI (Dumas)
¶
SEI, ISFp (Sensory-Ethical Introvert): MEDIATOR
Appearance
: The SEI typically has a soft, kind, receptive gaze that is quite expressive. Sometimes his gaze quickly moves around, carefully taking note of everything; sometimes it is attentive, staring at someone without blinking; and other times it is playful and sly. SEI’s look does not seem to penetrate deeply, but reflects well the emotional state of a person. The mimicry of SEI’s face is moderately lively. His smile is cordial, it seems natural, and corresponds well to the present situation and mood; at times it is somewhat coquettish. Frequently SEI’s face is roundish in form. His eyes and mouth during conversation can resemble the letter “o”. If his face has any large features, they become subdued by expressions of softness and kindness. SEI’s manners are modest and elegant, although at times there unexpectedly appears a tone of familiarity, which is expressed by means of affectionate touches of his conversation partners or in impelling gestures. There is a tendency to fuller figure among representatives of this type. Usually the SEI dresses with taste and enjoys accessories. His motions are confident, unconstrained, loosened, his gait seems somewhat scattered.
Character
: Congenital diplomat, often engaged in conciliatory activity, is the soul of the company, but in an unfamiliar environment feels awkward. He tries to cheer people’s jokes. Always friendly and optimistic, but can not bring myself to talk to him with an unpleasant person. Internally vulnerable and secretive, he does not like to talk about their failures. Beware of making promises, because he knows it is not always able to fulfill them. It does not impose its will on others, but is able to have an emotional impact on people. Pursue their goals by means of requests, persuasion and the provision of other different services. Peacefulness and forgiving. He does not like to criticize, compete poorly defends the interests of the case, although it can agree on an informal level. Several disorganized, reluctant to perform hard work, especially if it is not to his liking. Gourmet and a hedonist: around can find pleasure. Get pleasure from the harmony of sounds, colors, smells, etc. He loves beautiful and original stuff in the home, has a good aesthetic taste. Attentive, able to deliver a pleasant people.
ESE (Hugo)
¶
ESE, ESFj (Ethical-Sensory Extrovert): COMMUNICATOR
Appearance
: ESE is distinguished by quick, tenacious gaze, that is attentive and observant but not very expressive. During conversation he can affably and interestedly look into the eyes of interlocutor and at the same time cast glances all around, keeping check on external situation. In the minutes of emotional excitation the eyes become non-blinking and acquire a tone of significance. ESE’s mimicry is lively, but somewhat monotonous. Smile appears rapidly and inconsequentially, under the effect of his own thoughts, emotions or the reactions of the other person. Frequently it serves the purpose of raising mood of others and can be very infectious. Gestures are gusty, impulsive, impatient. Gait is rapid, hammered. Posture is usually straight. ESE is energetic, cheerful, optimistic, fidgety. He is welcoming, often has a sense of humor and is light in contact. This person quickly becomes the soul of company. He tries to be liked by all and dresses with taste.
Character
: Always active, always in public, quickly comes into contact. Cheerful and optimistic person, relaxed and talkative companion, creates a pleasant atmosphere of communication and has people to trust. The idealist and romantic feelings, but practical and rastoropen in everyday affairs. Inspired by the idea of matter, or crimson, trying to follow through. Well versed in the feelings and moods of people, but not - in the business qualities. It seeks to order, but often fidgety, spends a lot of effort in vain, spray on minor things. Good mood creates himself and never loses efficiency. Respect the traditions, hospitable: love feast, fun, everyone is trying to lighten the mood. Helpful and considerate, but often indignant violation of ethical conduct. He tries to instill good manners close. It knows how to stand up for themselves and for others. Wisher, but emotional and excitable, sometimes overly picky, and persevering in the details. Touchy, but it is easily appeased, and forgiving. Aesthete, tastefully dressed, knows how to cook.
LII (Robespierre)
¶
LII, INTj (Logical-Intuitive Introvert): ANALYST
Appearance
: LII’s gaze is thoughtful, cold, and distant. When it stops on his conversation partner, it becomes fixed and attentive. He can look very directly at another person, studying them without blinking. His facial expression changes slightly in conversation, becoming dreamy or soft, angry or jovial, but most frequently it remains impenetrable and undemonstrative. LII rarely smiles and only in response to specific events. Usually he is quite restrained. Sometimes, desiring to seem polite, he forces a smile that seems somewhat unnatural. He rarely laughs for real. His laughter is unusual, seems convulsive, muted, or with the shriek. His face most often maintains an impassive expression. Only rarely strong emotions can made blood rush to his skin or impart a luster to his eyes. LII’s gait is usually light, posture is straight, but often there is a noticeable constraint in his body. His shoulders may be stooped. Gestures look unsure, careful, and somewhat delayed. Frequently his figure is thin and ascetic. Repressed emotions often become expressed in the involuntary, nervous, scattered gestures. He holds himself equally appropriately with everyone, but often he is terse and keeps at a certain distance from others, not wishing to close it.
Character
: Has a good analytical thinking and the development of logic. Able to concentrate on the home, putting aside all secondary. Cleverly distributes events in time and performs all scheduled deadlines. He does not like to do several things at once. I can not stand when his untimely distraction for him or empty talk and visits. Interested in different structures and classifications. Mistrustful to new ideas, but, believing in them, it is their consistent supporter. Purposeful and persistent. Always fulfills its obligations. Does not recognize the command and control, it is independent. It is difficult to impose anything, not easy to convince. He does not go on about their feelings. Do not like to walk the chain of command, sign the papers and achieve something. His annoying red tape and a waste of time and effort. Modest and unassuming in things and food. Reluctantly engaged in domestic problems. Personal questions do not like to discuss with anyone else. Restrained in the expression of feelings in communication tailgating. Loyal and tolerant of others’ shortcomings
SLE (Zhukov)
¶
SLE, ESTp (Sensory-Logical Extrovert): COMMANDER
Appearance
: It is not simple to visually diagnose people of this type, since their appearance is quite diverse, but it is possible to isolate a few common features: Often SLE’s gaze is cold, evaluating, grasping, taking note of everything, but with a certain foggy film or haziness, which at times imparts an expression of innocence, romanticism, and musing. SLE’s smile does not always correspond to the expression in his eyes and therefore can appear forced. Most frequently he smiles in response to some specific occasion, and not to positively predispose his conversation partner. His movements are well coordinated and harmonious, although can be somewhat gusty. His gait is usually smooth, confident, flexible, “cat-like”. SLE knows how to carry himself, even having considerable weight. It is evident that this person can present himself and emphasize his better physical qualities. He dresses, as a rule, with taste, and prefers things that are of good quality, expensive, and rare. His everyday dress style is commonly either business or sport attire. If he is in a good mood, he is relaxed and merry. When he is in a poor mood, his lips are tightly compressed, his gaze becomes sullen. His poses are moderately loosened, gestures are emancipated. He readily demonstrates his strength and confidence in himself. At times he becomes impatient, experiences unexpected changes in mood: first he is impulsive and sharp, then suddenly ironic and affectionate with intimate notes in his voice.
Character
: strong and determined person. He loves and knows how to make an impression on others. Reticent or short-tempered, vindictive or good - it always contrasts and interesting. It can have a big impact on people both in word and deed. Have a great elusive goal increases its vitality: is it no matter what. Well-versed in the business abilities of others and know how to use them for the benefit of the case. As well he sees the weaknesses and shortcomings of others and can give short, but succinct description of the man. Willingly advises and directs the actions of others, but the clerk does not make a pitch. In such cases, can even do the opposite. He does not tolerate, when it is something imposed. The soul is inclined to doubt, it is often in a bad mood, which could affect his relationship with others. Bored if there is no place to use their power. Inclined to commit reckless acts. Willingly take risks. He does not like when people limit the free choice of what whatsoever. Have difficulty if you want to express your feelings to another person as intrinsically proud and incredulous. Stubborn and uncompromising by nature, but in the interest of the case can go to a temporary compromise. Respects influential, enterprising people, but in personal relationships prefers softer and complaisant.
IEI (Yesenin)
¶
IEI, INFp (intuitive-ethical introvert): LYRICIST
Appearance
: IEI’s gaze is diffuse, dreamy, contemplative; sometimes possessing a noticeable emotional luster. His eyes are very expressive, they study his conversation partner. This attentive gaze is not obtrusive or piercing. It is softened by an expression of certain detachment. His smile seems natural, but somewhat unsure and modest, affectionate, but at the same time restrained. The mimicry of his face is variable and expressive. Frequently it has a melancholic expression. Usually IEI positively predisposes his conversation partners with a friendly smile. His movements, as a rule, are smooth, soft, languid or lazy, which on the whole creates an impression of complaisance and insufficient willpower. His gestures are elegant, light, and a bit theatrical. His gait may be directed and rapid, but light and unconstrained. IEI’s behavior is typically undemonstrative and modest, sometimes timid and reticent. He can have unexpected changes in mood, then his behavior becomes unpredictable, or even indulgent. IEI’s speech usually is quiet and insinuating, frequently emotional with affectionate intonations.
Character
: By nature - a dreamer and romantic. Indifferent to everything new, beautiful and original. He likes to impress delicacy and grace in his actions or statements. The hardships of the routine: it involves art, interested in ordinary people, extraordinary phenomena. He willingly travels, loves adventure. He hardly given business activity; more inclined to think than to act. Often it hesitates in choosing solutions that does not like commitments. Sometimes it is unpredictable. It binds to the people, trying to improve the mood of others. It is tolerant of human weaknesses and shortcomings. His kindness and serenity allow him to successfully play the role of peacemaker in dispute. He is able to use its flexibility and impact on people who can not deny his request. Very charming: smiles, even when he speaks unpleasant. It has a good sense of humor. Since it is difficult to quarrel. He has come in mood swings - from laughter to tears. Share their problems with others, need their sympathy and support. It grieved at their destruction, but, despite this, never lose hope for the best.
EIE (Hamlet)
¶
EIE, ENFj (Ethical-Intuitive Extrovert): MENTOR
Appearance
: This is the most varied and contradictory of all the types, both internally and externally. EIE most frequently has a variable gaze, not roaming, but somewhat scattered. His eyes are expressive; they show his inner emotional glow and at times melancholy. Usually these emotions do not as much mirror the present state of affairs, as they reflect EIE’s heightened impressionability. His mimicry is also very diverse, but most often in accord with the situation and the role that he has been designated. Such fine-tuning of emotions and expressions for him occurs naturally and not always intentionally. Some representatives of this type have an alarmed, nervous smile, but majority smiles rarely, preferring to keep a serious expression on their faces. EIE’s gait, as a rule, is elegant, definitive, smooth, although there is a certain noticeable fixedness in his movements. His manners and pose are often impressive, effective, aristocratic; his gestures seem premeditated. Irrespective of whether this person is modest or outstanding, he frequently lacks in naturalness.
Character
: prudent and farsighted. Emotional, has a strong persuasive. It knows how to captivate people with your idea. Romantic feelings. Attentive to people willing to participate in solving their problems. Artists and responsible, although much depends on the mood. It may take up intractable problem, going through their failures hard. Inclined to doubt, hesitation, sometimes overly dramatize events, he needs moral support. Hypochondriac, proud and vulnerable. Long remember the resentment, even if it does not show. Sensitive to criticism, is suspicious of compliments. He tries to understand everyone, but not inclined to change their opinions or habits. It gives the impression of a man with a complex nature and unpredictable character. The hard compromises. Poor carries the expectation and uncertainty. Well mobilized in extreme situations without its vitality decreases. He tries to keep their emotions in front of others, but it is not always possible. Watch your manners, artistic, can choose their own special style of dress. Interested in subjects related to the mysterious and poorly understood phenomena.
LSI (Maxim Gorky)
¶
LSI, ISTj (Logical-Sensory Introvert): INSPECTOR
Appearance
: LSI’s gaze seems immovable; it takes note of everything, at times fixating on the face of his conversation partner, then sliding away. Usually LSI looks without any particular expression on his face, but at times alertness, concealed mistrust, and wariness appear in his gaze. His smile is well-wishing, but seems a bit artificial; laughter sometimes seems unnatural and contained. His mimicry is underexpressed and uniform. Often LSI makes an impression of a cold person, although in communication he may change this impression with a smile and compliments. His gait is somewhat restrained or shuffling. He walks sufficiently directly, stepping with his entire foot. Usually he looks tidy and composed and holds himself with dignity. When standing, his pose appears monumental and transfixed. LSI carries himself in an upright manner even if his shoulders are a little stooped. He sits most often in an upright pose, without leaning and slacking. Now and then LSI becomes unexpectedly categorical and sharp in his opinions and intolerant of objections, but usually he dislikes prolonged discussions. He does not like excessive familiarity in interaction, but himself keeps at a close distance with his conversation partner if he wants to positively predispose the person. In this case he will even smile somewhat ingratiatingly.
Character
: Loves around the accuracy and specificity. In cases and estimates sober realist, I do not like fantasy. Suspicious of new ideas in all required facts and evidence. Artists and assiduous detail is working on the details of any case, everything leads up to the end. To all cases prepared in advance, intolerant laxity and indiscipline. Respects the laws and regulations, works well with the documentation. Economy and rational. It has a developed sense of duty. Monitors the implementation of its orders, does not accept the objection that thinks is right. Very strong-willed, tough and hard-working people. The case raises above sentiment; people evaluate the results of their work, regardless of sympathy for him. Mild takes into account the individual qualities and abilities of people. It attaches great importance to financial incentives. Not flexible enough in a relationship. Poor understands the feelings and motives of others. The soul distrustful, closed and secretive. His silence is experiencing problems without turning to others for help and sympathy. It has an exceptional sense of responsibility for their families and peers, and becomes their support in difficult situations.
SEE (Napoleon)
¶
SEE, ESFp (Sensory-Ethical Extrovert): POLITICIAN
Appearance
: SEE’s gaze is rapidly moving, cursory, noticing everything. Their eyes have one common distinguishing feature - they jump from object to object, not keeping on anything for long. They look at the interlocutor attentively, as if sympathizing, but not for very long. If made to hold their gaze, SEE starts to blink frequently. The mimicry of face is mobile, expressive, sometimes nervous, sometimes relaxed, but it always reflects SEE’s relation to situation well or the role that he has to play. If his internal state opposes this role, his smile becomes transfixed. Frequently his mouth seems slightly capricious, eyes - somewhat rounded. Motions are confident, flexible, unconstrained. Behavior is variable: sometimes intimate-sincere, sometimes cautioning with light touches or embraces, at other times haughty-mocking with one-ups and ambiguous jokes, but is most frequently it is protectively benevolent. The gait is elastic, demonstrative, sometimes disorderly. SEE frequently changes his feeling of measure and then his helpfulness, talkativeness, and familiarity can seem exasperating.
Character
: Has leadership character, confident, adventurous, active. A realist and a pragmatist, but sometimes sentimental and affectionate with those he loves. Often poses a major goal and is able to achieve them. Tends to practice; He prefers to solve the problem immediately, as it can then to cool. Very mobile, committed to new experiences can become the soul of the company. He likes to be the center of attention, cause the respect and admiration. He knows how to organize leisure and entertainment of others. It may take on too many things, making them difficult to perform. He needs a positive assessment of his efforts, but sometimes the criticism also stimulates him to work. Boredom drops its vitality, then he is in need of care and compassion. He always wants to achieve more than what is. Diplomatic with people, especially with strangers and influential, to delve into their problems, strikes up useful contacts. Pays great attention to the aesthetics and appearance. Strive for high social status and material well-being. With some difficulty adjusting to the strong-willed and independent people. Tips of other listens, but goes its own way.
ILI (Balzac)
¶
ILI, INTp (Intuitive-Logical Introvert): CRITIC
Appearance
: ILI’s gaze is calm, a little melancholy, cold, detached, and thoughtful; at times it is self-submerged, at other times testing and experimental, and most offen quite scattered and diffuse. Now and then the expression of his eyes becomes mocking and sly and a bit of luster appears in them. Frequently his eyes are large and hold a concentrated look. ILI’s mimicry is quite monotonous; his facial expression is often dissatisfied or lamenting. The smile of politeness on his face sometimes does not correspond to the situation and thus seems somewhat artificial, but most often it is soft and predisposing, now and then even coquettish. ILI is usually calm and melancholic. He makes an impression of someone who is balanced, serious, a person of some depth. If he dislikes something, he may refer to it with sarcasm. His motions are smooth, unhurried, and relaxed; gait is a bit uncertain, though he tries to hold himself with dignity; his gestures are modest and undemonstrative, as is his entire manner of behavior. His pose is relaxed and unconstrained. Usually he is somewhat slow, likes to talk and chat. His speech is smooth and a little monotonic.
Character
: Big skeptic and a pessimist. Liabilities and more conservative: do not like change, extremes, and when people are in a hurry and goryachatsya. Wary of enthusiasts, it encourages them to judgment. Highly intelligent, he loves to accumulate information on their situation. Curious, a good counselor in business matters. Conscientious in work is careful and accurate. He is able to move away from the useless cases, dispose of material means and calculate the budget. Appreciates a cosiness and comfort, though not always know how to create them. If his case drags, technology can bring it to perfection. Committed to peace and inner balance. It has an associative and creative thinking. Inclined to contemplative, he has a philosophical attitude to life. It can be slow and inertia in business. Long ranges in decision-making. Far-sighted, has good strategic capabilities, but has difficulty in the transition to action. Restrained in the expression of feelings, waiting for initiatives from others. I tend to analyze the actions and statements of the shortcomings of others, though not always expressed aloud. Mistrustful and tends to expose any doubts.
LIE (Jack London)
¶
LIE, ENTj (Logical-Intuitive Extrovert): EXPERIMENTER
Appearance
: LIE’s gaze is open, direct, sometimes inspecting, and then for a long time it keeps on the interlocutor. Sometimes his gaze becomes detached, irrespective of whether he is looking at a person or an object. In such cases in interlocutor gets the impression that LIE is not listening to him but thinking about something of his own. There is often a friendly smile on face of LIE, though it seems a little stretched. Sharp changes in moods are typical - sometimes he is cordial and jovial, then unexpectedly preoccupied, strict and seriousl. Mimicry of face is not rich in nuances but quite mobile. Movements are rapid, at times gusty and decisive. Gait is dynamic, but slightly fixed, sometimes even slightly bouncy. In the conversation he frequently gesticulates, speaks quickly jumbling words but with periodic hitches, sometimes will joke keeping a serious look to strengthen the effect from his joke. Frequently LIE is uninhibited and unceremonious, his behaviors is unconstrained and simple. Usually he is enthusiastic, optimistic, resilient, characterized by democratic behavior and easily closes distance in interaction.
Character
: Very dynamic and sociable person. Cheerful and optimistic. Interested in theories that can be used in practice. He does not like to do something, and one to go the beaten paths. He wonders what can be rather than what is. Therefore, he often changes his hobbies, willingly invests in promising from the point of view of his projects. By trusting nature. It is easy to talk of his plans but then again he could go back to it, to use his chances completely. His character is peculiar impatience. If his case drags, he surprised everyone with his stamina in overcoming difficulties on the way to the goal. Warmly defending his beliefs. In case of failure, do not despair, be creative, can start from scratch. He does not tolerate slackers, seeking comfort and pleasure: the very low costs. Do not accept the tricks and gimmicks, prefers to negotiate on mutually beneficial terms. Responsive to the requests of strangers, but may provide little attention to the closest people. His tactlessness may unwittingly hurt his interlocutor, but it is difficult to quarrel with him, he turns everything into a joke. Often inattentive to their appearance and health. But if you decide to do it, using non-traditional methods and then achieves significant results. Very zhiznestoek.
ESI (Dreiser)
¶
ESI, ISFj (Ethical-Sensory Introvert): GUARDIAN
Appearance
: ESI has an attentive, alert gaze, that sometimes seems a little fearful or modest. Nothing escapes from his sight; he takes note of everything and analyzes it. His eyes are frequently large, beautiful, and expressive, and even if they are small they still manage to draw attention. ESI’s smile is often seems a little forced or anxious. Some representatives of this type find it very difficult to smile. Nevertheless, they will still make an effort to appear less strict. ESI’s mimicry is somewhat monotonous; sometimes his face even seems frozen. His movements are elegant, a bit constricted. His gait is usually graceful but seems somewhat angular and stiff, may resemble movements of a pendulum. His poses are elegant and without excesses; he is usually in good control of his body. In his behavior there are hints of modesty, shyness, or uncertainty. When he attempts to hide this, he usually assumes a haughty slightly provocative attitude. Most frequently ESI holds himself seriously, with dignity, and a little formally.
Character
: Practical, hard-working, prudent, and consistent in everything. Loves cleanliness and order, demands it from people around him. Has a good sense of people’s vulnerabilities and knows how to defend himself and his close ones from external attacks. Somewhat conservative, stable and reliable in relations and in business. Has respect for traditions and guards them as moral values. Poorly tolerates violations of ethical norms. By his nature he is a critic and a moralist. Impatient in his soul; finds it difficult to wait for resolution of an important to him issue. Dislikes putting things off until later; prefers to do things as they come and not create any uncertainty, as it weights him down. Feels worried with any life changes, or if he cannot complete something in time. Wavers in choosing his goal. Not confident in himself and his capabilities. Painfully endures criticism in his address. Touchy, readily takes offense. Around new people he is alert and distrustful. Doesn’t take initiative in making new friendships and acquaintances, but is often the first one to break off relations. Proud - does not recognize love and friendship without reciprocity. For the sake of his loved ones or real business, can go through any difficulties.
IEE (Huxley)
¶
IEE, ENFp (Intuitive-Ethical Extravert): INSPIRER
Appearance
: IEE’s eyes are mobile and expressive. They reflect well his internal emotional state and its relation to others. Their expression is very variable. Gaze frequently is scattered, but it becomes penetrating and deep when it is focused on the interlocutor. Usually benevolent, merry and even coquettish, under the effect of the emotions it can become strained and angry. The mimicry of face corresponds to IEE’s emotional state. Emotions of IEE are very variable; therefore his mimicry is diverse - from infectious laughter to strong indignation, from ecstasy to quiet pensiveness. Frequently his face has a removed, dreamy expression. Smile appears easily and naturally on face of IEE. Sometimes he will express encouragement even if at that moment he has to voice unpleasant things. Usually around people he acts as an optimist; thus if in poor spirits, his smile and expression of eyes will not coincide. Intonations of voice will also betray his internal state. Movements are gusty, impulsive, uninhibited. Pose is free and unconstrained, sometimes somewhat theatrical, especially if he feels that he is being watched. Gait a little loose or uncoordinated. He walks rapidly, with lightness, frequently bumping into obstacles. Manners of behavior is simple and natural, but it is a little demonstrative. He does not like touch and familiarity. Skillfully regulates distance in interactions.
Character
: astute, well aware of the motives of people and can predict the development of their relations in the future. He reaches for capable and creative people. Notices dignity of others, and willing to make compliments. In childlike, open and straightforward. Pretty unseasoned and impatient surprise others with their originality. Simplicity, sincerity and goodwill has to trust. It seeks to encourage everyone to give hope. Very resourceful and inventive. Willingly advises how to find a way out of difficult positions. Inquisitive, interested in everything new and unusual, a great visionary. Not envious, I rejoice at the successes of others. Touchy and vulnerable, but it is easily appeased, and forgiving. Tired of routine, frequently changes his hobbies. Opponent formulaic approaches and discipline. In extreme situations, bold, decisive and very functional. It may give a sharp rebuff, defending his beliefs or interests family. Emotional, dispersed, scattered and restless. He dislikes monotonous, tedious work. Poor planning their activities, because of what is often no time to the appointed date. It is difficult to distinguish the important from the secondary, so often overload yourself with unnecessary and irrelevant matters contacts.
SLI (Gabin)
¶
SLI, ISTp (Sensory-Logical Introvert): EXPERT
Appearance
: SLI’s gaze is variable: sometimes it is directed at one point, other times it glides across surrounding objects, taking note of everything. His eyes look calm, cold, serious, but if his conversation partner expresses positive predisposition, his look softens. The expression of his eyes reflects SLI’s general relation to people around him - at times ironic, at times amiable, and other times politely apathetic. His mimicry is monotonous. The expression on his face is most often even and calm, and may look frozen; occasionally it becomes animated but only for a short while and in accordance with the situation. In general SLI’s face looks like an impenetrable, emotionless mask. His smile is somewhat restrained, though at times is becomes unexpectedly open and sincere. Facial expression is usually somewhat ridiculing, mocking. SLI holds himself confidently, undemonstratively but with dignity. He doesn’t like when he is examined and stared at, prefers to keep aside. May seem callous, haughty, and unapproachable. Adopts poses that are comfortable and relaxed, frequently slouches and slides off his seat a little. He notices the slightest discomfort in his environment: noises, unpleasant smells, temperature oscillations. Very enterprising in matters of creation and maintenance of the necessary levels of comfort, but without excesses; he values convenience above everything else.
Character
: his strengths - the ability to make sensible and useful deeds. He loves tinkering and rarely asks for help to others. Inventor in the home and at work, which he likes. Mistrustful to new ideas, but if you check them in practice, is able to extract the maximum benefit from them. Very modest and undemonstrative, does not like to exhibit their achievements show. The soul is sensitive to compliments. Do not accept egalitarianism. Worry, if the results of his work is not appreciated. Opponent volitional pressure, prefers to financial incentives. Mandatory and punctual, but really depends on the mood. The fact that he considers right, stubborn and uncompromising. Proud and very independent, but appreciates friendship. Faithful in relationships, sensitive and attentive to people. Very impressionable, poorly control their emotions during the dispute, what then sorry. He does not like to show their feelings, especially in public. I inclined to skepticism, irony and loves to joke. Hidden and silent, kept in communication at a distance, not like familiarity, can put people in place. He appreciates comfort and convenience, she loves change experiences, willingly traveling.
LSE (Stierlitz)
¶
LSE, ESTj (Logical-Sensory Extrovert): MANAGER
Appearance
: LSE’s gaze is quick, evaluating, cold, noting everything around to the very least detail. Eyes look at the interlocutor directly, point blank, and in spite of emotional luster do not seem very expressive. It is as if his eyes are asking for and receiving information, but do not issue it. But strong feelings - interest or indifference, anger or happiness - are always easily read in the eyes of typically restrained LSE. Mimicry of LSE is impoverished, face is strained, because of this he seems a little nervous. Lips are tightly compressed. His rare smile is a little stretched, but his laughter is very infectious. Gait usually is either certain or gusty, angular, as if wooden. He as if “stamps” his steps. His back is the shape of straight line, inflexible. Gestures are decisive, sharp, confident. Looks agitated, cannot remain in one pose for long. Often has strong built or thickset figure, is militarily taut. The manner of behavior is aristocratic, official, strict. Holds at a distance, with dignity.
Character
: very practical and hardworking. Never relax, maintaining a stable performance in any mood. He does not tolerate laziness and lack of discipline, useless and idle fancy affairs. Condemns the illogical actions, it does not forgive optional. He loves around the clarity and precision. It tries to be well informed, competent person. In a conversation based on the facts. Punctual and conscientious, with a strong sense of duty. He knows how to manage people. A fighter for quality. Stuck in the details of the work can be hard to meet deadlines, which is painfully aware. When people criticize his methods of work, it can flare up. Very emotional, strong and uncompromising. In dealing with outsiders is usually polite and restrained, is committed to adhere to the rules of etiquette. But with close to him sometimes diplomacy is not enough: there is too strict and straightforward. It is difficult to express approval, make compliments to others. He tries to hide his emotions and feelings, but he did not always succeed. Neat and smart, but not mod. He loves established good traditions and order. Gourmet periodically arranges a feast of friendship, love luxury and beautiful things. Their habits and beliefs do not change. Its very inconvenienced by any uncertainty and instability of the situation.
EII (Dostoevsky)
¶
EII, INFj (Ethical-Intuitive Introvert): HUMANITARIAN
Appearance
: EII’s gaze is often attentive, analyzing, astute and discerning, but soft. Sometimes it seems a little detached and scattered, other times studying the person before him, shy and embarrassed. Now and then EII’s gaze expresses a silent reproach as a consequence of his concealed and unexpressed thoughts or impressions. His eyes are very expressive and easily convey feelings of sympathy or offense; then they convey hidden pain and melancholy, much more rarely happiness. The mimicry of his face, conversely, is very limited. Most often EII’s face seems inspirited, calm and impassive, and a little tense. He smiles rarely; his smile seems shy and discreet. EII’s poses and gestures are undemonstrative. He is usually a little bit restrained in conversation. The tone of his voice is muted, even his exclamations don’t seem loud. He’s rarely verbose and grandiloquent, but only in cases when he has to defend his opinions and principles. EII doesn’t always enter an argument, nevertheless, he is very stubborn and set in his convictions.
Character
: EII’s main characteristics are attentiveness to people and a dose of humanism. He is diligent and punctual, thorough and detailed in any undertaking or assignment. Dislikes the rush, thus prepares in advance. Knows how to allocate tasks and events in time, and complete them by the deadline. Shows empathy and active kindness towards people who are close to him. Though his dedication often gets taken advantage of, as it is difficult for him to turn a person down. A little unsure of himself, not showy. Has a negative attitude towards violence and authoritarianism, opposing them with quiet stubbornness and endurance. Avoiding disputes can give way, but does not change their beliefs. Do not forgive injustice and betrayal, uncompromising in matters of morality and ethics. In other matters compliant and tolerant. He prefers to hide his emotions, even-tempered and restrained in a relationship. Revelation only with loved ones. Impressionable and vulnerable, hard to tolerate argument, she tries to reconcile the warring parties, but to be objective. Poor suffers alone, but their society does not impose. |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/profile_beskova.html | Socionics Type Profiles by Beskova¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Socionics Type Profiles by Beskova
¶
Type descriptions written by
Liubov Beskova
.
ILE (Don Quixote)
¶
Male portrait, ENTp (Ne,Ti)
¶
The male ILE usually looks thin, energetic, with clever, but slightly naive, childish eyes. According to the strength of his intuition, he may seem somewhat awkward and uncoordinated.
His face is at times pensively concentrated or absent-minded and often suddenly assumes a boyishly inspired expression. Smart and witty. He absorbs everything around him almost instantaneously - you only began explaining, and he already understands it! However, due to his intrinsic sloppiness, he does not always study well and is inclined to get into arguments with his teachers or mentors, trying to prove that he understands the subject better. Though this does not prevent him from independently investigating all facets to learn about the world.
His head is always filled with the most unusual ideas. By his nature, he is an inquisitive researcher, whose audacious intellect practically knows no bounds. He enthusiastically talks about galaxies and Ursa Major, about genes and cloning, and also about many other fascinating discoveries and perspectives of scientific development - all of this is in his style. Male ILE is attracted only by unique problems. He strives to know not only one theory, but everything - only then he can attain peace for some time.
Obvious scientific interests in combination with a romantic attitude towards life, and a constant creative inspiration create the drive that attracts to him a plethora of people. It is interesting not only to solve problems in his company, but also to joyfully spend time. He himself likes to enjoy himself from the whole heart, to party like there is no tomorrow. His quick wit and the ability to keep hundreds of jokes in his memory endow upon him unrivaled success in groups. Girls like him, and he also likes girls very much - all of them at the same time at that - so it is very hard for him to pick a girlfriend.
If a girl instantly reacts to his proposals, he can, for some time, be with her, but not for long. And, more likely, he will lose interest in her after the first date. He is attracted by, worried by, and excited by resistance, a necessity to achieve reciprocity, to prove his worthiness, to think up something unexpected and new. To court the ladies for him is an artistic process. Here, he is truly inexhaustible with ideas and able to do miracles, or at least periodically to make his loved one happy with real surprises.
From the tale of one ILE man: “One winter, I came to her house about 15 minutes prior to the time she had to leave for work, placed a rose on the hood of her car, and hid myself - I wanted to see how she will react. Without false modesty, I can say that the venture proved successful”.
But not only with this does he impress the opposite sex. In dangerous situations, ILE man acts like a true knight - stands up for the weak and the unjustly victimized, in fact often not taking into consideration the superiority of his opponent’s strength. This does not mean that he goes looking for trouble. If there is no necessity, he will try to avoid a dangerous situation, but if, right in front of his eyes, a woman is threatened, bravery and nobility take the upper hand.
Despite the desire to maintain good relations with everyone, ILE man, in reality, poorly understands what opinions those around him have of him. However, he tries not to show this and keeps himself looking happy and unaffected. If something in a relationship was taken the wrong way, and he is interested in continuing contact, he can ask straight-forwardly what went wrong or plainly tell a person what he thinks of them. Often, himself not wishing to do so, displays clumsiness in relations, and can thus offend those surrounding him or put them in a tough spot.
The best way to attract a ILE man - feed him something delicious and care of him. As a general rule, he is always thin and hungry. For him, the consumptions of food - is a process in itself and a particular pleasure. It can be said without exaggeration that he is a true gourmand. In any quantity, he also accepts concern for his body. You can wrap ILE man into a robe, gently adjust the scarf on his neck, hug him, kiss him, caress him, sleep with him in one bed. In one word, in every way take care of him and nurture him, in the literal sense of the word.
Painstaking, routine work, which demands just discipline, is not fitting for ILE man. He needs a flight of fantasy, creative problems, which no one prior to him had resolved. Money just by itself does not interest him too much. He is not distinguished by mercantilism nor greed.
Still, ILE man knows how to make money, even though he spends it with equal ease. It is not too much for him to spend all his wages at a restaurant with friends and beautiful women or to give his loved one a bouquet of a hundred roses as a gift. Agree with this - it is effective! There are few who would be capable of such things.
And, later, he will find a way to make money again.
Female Portrait, ENTp (Ne,Ti)
¶
A woman of this type often looks like a good-looking, slender boy. During her childhood, she even behaves not like a girl should: often runs around with boys, climbs trees and garages, plays pretend war games, scorning traditional girlish entertainment. As a general rule, she remains a “boy” for the rest of her life. Slenderness and a certain skinniness are characteristic of the majority of ENTp women at any age. An active attitude towards life is characteristic to women of this type - they are rarely satisfied being a stay-at-home mom, who spends many years sitting at home rearing her child.
Since women are expected to pay more attention to their clothes and to look good, ENTp females can be dressed with excessive thoroughness. But this, of course, applies to an official or stylish costume, and here they particularly value various company labels. For regular days, regular jeans with a nice sweater will do (but they absolutely must have a company label).
The face of a woman of the type ENTp is often symmetrical and beautiful. The eyes look smart, but a bit too serious, focused and even excessively wary for a pretty lady. Fortunately, when she smiles, this impression disappears for a while.
By her abilities and mental development, ENTp woman does not yield to men of the same type. Quickly figuring out what’s what, she becomes bored and feels burdened by long-winded explanations. If her upbringing does not allow her to interrupt whoever she is talking to, she literally does not know what to occupy herself with, while she is forced to listen to the end.
ENTp woman strives to be ideally beautiful, ideally intelligent, ideally well-bred, in one word, flawless in all aspects. She tries to become the embodiment of perfection. She behaves coldly and unapprocheably for a long time, keeping a distance between herself and her suitors. From one side, she knows her worth. From another, she does not understand how to establish relationships with men, since she does not see what is happening. She wants to be loved by everyone, and, in the depth of her soul, she dreams of ideal, perfect relationships. To be honest, she does not know what these relationships would be like, but, if her partner allows himself even a small transgression, diverging from the image of the ideal behavior (in her imagination), he is strictly punished, and often is rejected completely. If the ice has been already broken, and the relationship has been initiated, female ENTp will immediately assume the role of a princess before whom everyone should fall to the ground. If her partner does not do this, his behavior is interpreted as a betrayal.
The intellect of a woman ENTp is no less theoretically inclined than that of ENTp men. It can be said that everyday life is of little interest to her. She is disposed to learning. Her hobbies are to connect the unconnected, operate global categories, discover novelties in the form of the most general laws. A unified approach to comprehending the world is inherent to people of this type, independent of gender affiliation.
But, if a male ENTp is fully accepted by society, then the female ENTp always remains a stranger in our culture. She goes against all the traditional notions that a woman is less intelligent than a man, and that a woman should sit at home and cook. Neither of these things is true when it comes to the female representatives of this type.
Her constant readiness to stand up for others so as to reestablish righteousness also badly matches her image as a woman. Nowithstanding her own fragility, a woman of this type can even get into a fight, defending a girlfriend, a pregnant woman, a child, or a dog. In one word, a person, who posses a societal threat, will not stop her, if she deems it necessary to establish justice.
From a story of one ENTp woman: “I was sitting in a subway car and, suddenly, see: across the aisle, a dangerous-looking man is pick pocketing the wallet from the chest pocket of a sleeping guy. Everyone sits, looking at him, but not doing anything. And I was just then planning to exit, but we had yet to arrived at the station. I stare the thief right in the face, and he looks at me. And nobody else interferes. Then, I confidently stood up and walked right up to the door, finding myself right next to him. I said to him: “Put it back” and looked right into his eyes. And, you know, it worked! His nerves gave in - he snuck the wallet back and jumped out of the car (we had just arrived at the station). I also got out. Understand that I have achieved a victory over him!”
Cultural stereotypes make the existence of ENTp woman not very simple. She, herself, not understanding why, feels somehow unique, not like the others. And it is her strangeness that often results in her isolated position and difficulties in choosing a partner. Nonetheless, good company and true friends, where she is treated as a smart woman and her nonstandard reasoning is listened to, often is, for her, an excellent way out.
Even though ENTp tries to deal with others with kindness and understanding, she grows tired of people, of the necessity to socialize with them, to keep track how the discussion is progressing. It is hard for her to understand how and why the relationships break up, the ones she so painstakingly tends to. She, same as the male ENTp, is inclined to, in an incomprehensible ethical situation, to straight out tell all her grievances right to her partner’s face, so as to dot all the “i’s” as soon as possible. For this same reason, the older representatives of this type often encounter difficulties in their relations with children.
Concern and care are as essential for this girl as breathing air. Without food and attention to her physical needs from those close to her, she becomes even more stern and lonely. High-quality food, an indisposition timely noticed, a favorite pie, a warm drink, and socks with leg-warmers when she is sick evoke appreciation from her to those who were concerned for her.
Female ENTp knows how to work and make money, but does not always want to do it. Measured, regular work, which has no interesting and unique problems, very quickly starts to bore her. It is possible that she will be more satisfied freelancing, where she, at the bare minimum, will not feel bound. And still, differing from the men of this type, female ENTps display much more diligence at work. Some of them you can confidently call workaholics. In their job, they find an outlet, striving to prove to those surrounding that they are worthy of love and respect, that they are smart and successful.
When communicating with a representative of this type - be it man or woman - as an insurmountable obstacle that frequently emerges is that they have a chronic lack of time. This could result in that, being close at hand, ENTp practically disappears from your field of vision. If you already have heard several times: “Let’s do it at another time, I don’t have time today” or “No, just not right now”, the situation is poor. Quickly bake some cookies or delicious pies, and then your ENTp will undoubtedly will drop by, bringing a fresh stream to your ordinary life. ENTp (sex bears no significance) will with appetite eat and enthusiastically tell tales of something, which you have never heard before. In one word, both of you will spend the time wonderfully.
SEI (Dumas)
¶
Male portrait, ISFp (Si,Fe)
¶
When he is in a good mood, SEI man radiates kindness and cordiality. He has an affable, kind-hearted smile and a somewhat sly look. It seems like next to this portly, charming, industrious person one will be always be surrounded by comfort and amity. He will try to understand you, and take care of you.
Men of this type are typically not very tall and with rounded shoulders.They are predisposed to carrying some extra pounds. If they put on a lot of weight they start looking like good-natured oafs. More rarely one can encounter men of this type who remain in good shape into old age.
In the wardrobe of DUMAS one can find not only comfortable, but also good looking clothing. He looks as naturally in sport sets as he does expensive suits. His slightly curly and voluminous hair is frequently cut short and harmonizes well with the face.
SEI men are typically highly sociable. They can address a stranger they have just met on the street and in five minutes it may seem like they are familiars.
DUMAS usually has many friends and acquaintances, and is adept at discriminating people very well. He knows how to use his emotions, as well as how to read the emotions of others. Based on these readings, he can make judgements about people with great accuracy. It is difficult to hide from him whether the person is good or bad, what kind of state he is in, whether he is troubled or upset by something and in need of emotional support and comforting, or, conversely, if someone has some ulterior motive and should be kept at a distance.
Always ready to support a good atmosphere at a social gathering, DUMAS is a master of telling captivating stories and this often lands him as a center of everyone’s attention. Often these are stories of some daily events (“We went together to buy some beer, I found we had great many things in common, so we managed to resolve the question about the recent purchase.”), or unexpected meetings (“One time I was put in charge of loading hens into barrels - we were transporting them to Yalta - suddenly coming my way I saw my old friend, which whom before the war we studied together in Lvov College!”), about events and gatherings (“The opera was magnificent! Simply brilliant! Elegant decorations, superb colors! And such lush, deep voices!”). As a rule, these stories involve other people and contain many mentions of all kinds of visual, tactile, and olfactory details. Narration is dynamic [translator’s note: for more information about static vs dynamic narration see this article] gripping with intrigue, and usually accompanied by expressions of pleasant emotions.
DUMAS loves not only merriment, but also a good meal, moreover he usually knows how to cook well. He is a hospitable person. If you are his guest, he will treat you with much courtesy: “Here, try this, this is great!” He simply melts with pleasure, when those invited praise him for his hospitality and his food. As a rule, arrogance or conceit are not in his nature. DUMAS knows how to be exceptionally appropriate in any company.
His softness and patience, ability to live via the interests of those around him, and not to argue and conflict with them, distinguish him from men of other types. He is not (with rare exceptions) a loud person, and does not possesses heroic traits. He tries to not be offensive, and will attempt to side-step conflicts, quarrels, and arguments. Frequently it is so that he supports a friendly and elated atmosphere at some social gathering, but, as soon as some fight breaks out or some scandal - you look, and he has already disappeared. This man possesses life-smarts: he will quietly step aside from that which does not belong to him, and that which forebodes of unpleasantness.
At a first date DUMAS man is very charming. He jokes and flirts with mastery. He knows how to close distance quickly and switch to informal communication. Soft pleasantness shines through his every word and action.
Men of this type are not indifferent to the opposite sex. For DUMAS it doesn’t not constitute much of a problem to positively predispose towards himself any woman that he likes. Courting he does gallantly, one can say, with a lot of professionalism, such that it is impossible to resist his charms. If his mind is set to find a partner for marriage, then he will find a suitable woman, and however difficult her nature may be, he will learn to get along with her.
If he does not want to be married, then he will have as many women as he wants. They can appear in his life in turns, and then disappear, or even be present simultaneously (for example, wife and mistress), and usually none of them feel offended in earnest by him. Most likely, this occurs because DUMAS shies away from escalating potentially dangerous situations, and his women, from their side, love and cherish him too much to place more serious demands. If the situation has been aggravated, he knows how to plead with his significant other such that she will cease to be angry.
Most often, however, DUMAS strives to settle down and get married, as indeed, by his nature he is a domestic and industrious man, who sincerely loves his family and children. He loves the warm atmosphere of family relations and coziness of home life. He loves when other people attend to him. At the same time he automatically attends to his close ones. He not only concerns for the health of his relatives and reminds them to check with the doctors, but also makes sure that they are satisfied, fed and dressed well. If his wife has died, man of this type often re-marries.
DUMAS has a fine sense of aesthetics. He values antique things, can come up with an original interior design for his place of residence, and even do some work with his hands so that everything around will be pleasing to the eye. Most importantly - for whom all of this is to be done! But to receive orders and tasks from others, he does not enjoy, and may procrastinate for a long time if someone has asked him to do something. Then, when he is finally in the mood, he will do everything himself and moreover it will be done well - he has very skillful hands.
True, this rarely happens, because he is prone to laziness and slacking. If DUMAS cannot decide how to apply himself, he can lie on the couch for hours, even days and weeks, because by his nature he is a Sybarite and loves it when he is being served and taken care of, such that he wouldn’t have to make any extra movements. He receives such attention with the grace of a lazy tomcat.
Do not fall into confusion with respect to his softness and pliability. At a critical moment he will be able to stand up for himself (and for you!). During a quarrel, he can direct the same pressure against his offender.
A story from real life: “SEI man, working as a chief of a section of construction of a conduit, on the eve of the holidays was forced to cancel the weekly leave for one of the workers (who planned to go home to see his fiance). Enraged by this refusal, the young man threatened to come to his house and kill him and his wife. It was not necessary to wait for long. On the eve of holiday he got very drunk, broke into the house of his chief and, swinging the knife, charged ahead. Despite the fact that the later was sick and lying on the couch at the time, he did not lose composure. He quickly oriented himself, grabbed the knife right by its blade and pulled it from the hands of the drunk fellow. Of course, he cut several tendons in the process, but the incident did not reach a gruesome resolution.”
The talents of these men usually do no lie in the areas of engineering or bookkeeping. Sometimes they organize their small business, but it rapidly comes to ruin. Thing is that they do not know how to keep a businesses afloat, but they do know how to compel you towards some purchase floating on the high tide of a good personal relations.
These men are simply made for working with people, and also in those spheres where it is necessary to create something by hands or to apply one’s aesthetic taste. They makes for excellent artists, antiquaries, designers. From them are obtained also splendid culinary specialists and barbers, tailors, and remodelers. Manual work they do with high quality.
Female Portrait, ISFp (Si,Fe)
¶
Kind, courteous, soft - these are just a few of the adjectives that can be used to describe a typical female DUMAS. A charming femininity is characteristic for her, that would be complimented well by exquisite furs and headwear. Unusual elegance permeates her figure and bearing, even when she is dressed in her usual, daily clothing, since there is no angularity or abruptness in her movements. All her motion is graceful, softened, and smooth.
The first encounter with the female SEI is fascinating. She jokes and skillfully flirts; she knows how to rapidly reduce psychological distance and enter into informal contact. Soft charm permeates her each movement.
Even a modest wardrobe does not deter SEI woman from looking worthy. No one like her is skilled in choosing clothing sets that combine well with color of her hair, eyes, and even the tone of her skin. Representatives of this type have skillful hands, thus they sew and knit wonderfully well, putting their imagination to use. And they usually possess excellent taste. Their dresses and blouses will never have too low of an opening and are fitting to their figure. A bland and boring shirt will be supplemented with a brightly colored scarf, that will beautifully drape her neck. In short, appearance of female DUMAS is a true work of art.
A story from real life: “An employee of a recruitment agency managed by SEI was giving instructions to a new worker. Much to the surprise of the girl, she told her nothing about the business aspects required for her job, or about her schedule, or about how much time she is allowed for lunch, or how she shouldn’t be reading at work. She said only one thing: “It is compulsorily to dress properly. You must be in an office style. Remember this: it will be the guarantee of your success”.
SEI woman usually has slightly rounded, soft face, and a hazy, romantic look in her eyes. She frequently departs into herself, but her quiet pensiveness can turn into a smile or charming laughter very quickly. Then her voice rings like a bell. Usually women of this type are very delicate and well brought up, but sometimes rather unsure of themselves. It is difficult to imagine that they will allow themselves any rudeness or express themselves using non-normative lexicon.
Making first acquaintance, SEI woman appears mysterious and coquettish. She is risible and will readily respond to your jokes, but also knows how to decline unwanted attention with dignity. She understands well what is transpiring between her and her partner, and knows how to turn relations into intrigue. If her suitor is sufficiently resourceful, witty and creative, then he will succeeded in making progress. Thus relations with her begin. Further, it will be no less interesting, especially for those who understand.
DUMOCHKA makes for an excellent keeper and guardian of the household. She is a tender wife and outstanding homemaker. She selflessly loves her children and can spend a lot of time with them at home. For her family DYUMKA is ready to sacrifice her career, and she will never feel regretful about this, finding enormous pleasure in supporting and caring for her husband, living by the interests of children, worrying about the household. In the case of divorce or death of her husband, she usually quickly re-marries, not so much because she cannot suffer the solitude, as that she has a natural longing to care about someone.
The most characteristic traits of women of this type are unusual patience and constant readiness to care for others. It is very difficult to get under her skin, because her love for people practically knows no boundaries. She is always ready to understand and to forgive her partner, to smooth over any awkwardness that he has allowed himself, to pretend that she did not see his oversights or roughness. She relates to all of this with understanding and angelic patience.
Her girlfriends can also count on her, if they need someone’s shoulder to cry on or to share their happiness, if they need someone to empathize and sympathize. They will be comforted, and fed, and supported, and cheered up, in other words, distracted from their worries. Their gloomy thoughts will be scattered alike a dream upon waking, when DYUMKA starts to doctor your pains of the heart.
However, the concern of women of this type is extended not only to your state of mind, but also to the body. DYUMKAs usually cook very well and will never let a guest remain hungry. All her relatives are spoiled by their favorite dishes, pickles, jams, pastries, pancakes, and pirogis. In the skill of the preparation of all possible dishes almost no one can be compared with SEI woman. They love to invite over guests, to arrange celebrations for their small company, astonishing all by their culinary talents and warming them with their quiet, but deeply expressive emotionalism.
House of SEI woman is a warm place where you will always be accepted and given affection. Even the most modest dwelling she knows how to arrange and decorate with taste and to convert it into a comfortable nest. She grows flowers wonderfully well, and animals love her.
DUMAS women are characterized by steady, life-loving nature. At the same time, they are one of the most undemanding and most patient, most modest and most unassuming. They are exceptionally good to the children, but their children also know their mother’s solid hand, and in their mischievousness they don’t dare to go cross the rules that were laid down by her. This quiet domestic angel, who does not lose heart even in the most severe times, on required occasion will stand up for herself and her loved ones. True, frequently her sensitivity and compassionate nature take precedence, so often she does not enter confrontations.
If to you it seemed you that this romantically domestic being cannot learn and study well, then this is not so. DYUMKI honestly “gnaw the granite of science” and no less conscientiously pass examinations, at the same time charming their instructors and receiving good grades. Certainly, professions like interior design suit this girl better than engineering. In this case her vocation will find the suitable embodiment in her profession. They are also good in any professions that require them to work with children or with people in general.
ESE (Hugo)
¶
Male portrait, ESFj (Fe,Si)
¶
Prominent, imposing, stout, HUGO man knows how to dress with taste and allots certain amount of time to this. More often, he prefers to have his cut shortly, tries to keep his hair neat.
His entire look radiates at attitude of good humor, placability, and optimism. He is energetic and active. His movements are unrestrained and confident, but he holds himself with modest virtue. His smile uplifts those around him. He easily comes into contact with whomever he wants to and wherever it is convenient. To him, it is easy to demonstrate to his conversation partner sincere interest in his or her matters. The bright emotionalism of HUGO creates as if a field around him, in which it is pleasant to be in.
He easily maintains relations with many familiar and unfamiliar people and remembers everything about everyone. People, in fact, greatly interest him, and he knows not only how to spend time with them, but also how to look after and entertain them. If you arrived at his house, he will bustle about around you, give you something to drink, offer you something to eat and entertain you. The thought that you are doing well and enjoying yourself brings sincere pleasure to him, and he will not hold back on his efforts to surround you with comfort.
Already in childhood, small HUGO readily does grocery shopping (he remembers all the prices!), helps with household chores and maintenance, and willingly occupies himself with looking after his younger sisters and brothers. He is not against even cooking something in order to appease his relatives with a tasty surprise.
He goes to school with pleasure, because there, as a rule, he has an entire class of friends. Without counting, of course, a heap of familiars from the parallel, higher and lower grades. He is a good partner not only in games, but also in studies - will always give his homework to copy if he must. But then no one will refuse him the same favor in return.
Charming, kind, and not petty, HUGO usually enjoys the love of the entire group. He is merry, lively, and sociable. With him it is good to greet the New Year, to celebrate a birthday, to go to the countryside together. It is certain that no one will stay without food, and without a good mood as well!
Young HUGO usually displays initiative himself if he comes to like someone. As a rule, he is attracted to girls who are clever, refined, and romantic in their soul. The main thing is that she supports the group or the gathering, that she is cheerful and responsive to his proposals, that she loves to walk to concerts and to social gatherings. In the matters of courting, energy and enthusiasm HUGO has in sufficient quantities for two people. As to your encounters being interesting and diverse, it is better left to the care of his partner. If you have a rich imagination, your proposals will be met with captivating enthusiasm.
Only do not count on him to arrive at the exact minute to your meeting. It will be up to you to be tactful and not to reproach him for being unpunctual. If he comes exactly on time, then know that most most likely, this required from him a lot of effort, for example, appearing thirty minutes prior to the assigned time. Taking this into account, try not to be late to the meetings yourself!
HUGO men make for industrious and caring husbands. They, as a rule, treat the relatives of their wife, and also her friends, acquaintances, and colleagues as members of their family. On holidays, usually, a large, merry company gathers at home of HUGO. He loves to laugh and to joke around; this way it is merrier and more interesting for him and everyone else.
HUGO makes sure that the refrigerator in the house will always be full, and that his wife and children do not fall sick. Men of this type, with their entire soul, live for their family members and relatives. They try to gather everyone together so that everyone feels themselves as one family. They especially value that during supper or Sunday dinner, everyone is present at the table at the same time. When family is gathered together, HUGO will with pleasure converse and joke, raising mood by his presence. If someone did not return home at the assigned time, he will be very worried, and go searching for them, but when they will appear, he will arrange for them the professionally executed scandal to the utmost degree, shaming them for their carelessness and the indifference.
Emotions of these types of people are so strong that from worries they can even faint, both male and female representatives of this type. Specifically this has happened with Sasha Panayotov (HUGO), one of the participants in the competition “The People’s Artist” 2004, when his friends set up an excessively realistic prank for him. As was mentioned in the newspaper “7 Days”, they purchased a human-sized doll, dressed it up in the clothing of Hohmann (winner of the same competition), placed it on the floor, and poured fake blood on it. Sasha Panayotov comes home, opens the door, and sees… the lifeless body of Hohmann in a puddle of blood! Impressionable Panayotov immediately faints!
Moods, emotions in people of this type serve as unique tools for them, with the aid of which they frequently achieve that which is necessary for them.
Example from real life: “For a long while, I received no increase in my salary, and didn’t know how to speak up about this. Two days I spent at work gloomier than a storm cloud. I was in such a poor mood, that around me “everything living was dead”. At the end of second day, my boss implored me: “This cannot continue! What has happened with you? Nobody can work like this!” I explained it to him and he said: “I will raise your salary, but I plead with you, stop spoiling the mood of everyone.””
In professional activities, man of HUGO type is active and energetic. Most of all, he seeks and enjoys himself at work where it is necessary to work with people. People do not tire him, but on the contrary, cause infinite interest. He will appreciate the job of cinematographer or work in entertainment industry. He can also work as a manager at a recruiting agency. One of the most desirable professions for him is that of an actor or a singer. It is worse, if he becomes an engineer or an accountant. He undoubtedly will manage; however, this will require from him much more effort, that his beautiful, bright temperament unavoidably will suffer and, to a considerable extent, he may become depressed.
Female portrait, ESFj (Fe,Si)
¶
As a girl, HUGO is imposing, with a well formed solid figure, and a splendid posture. She has a particular way of carrying herself and moves with confidence. It is not surprising that men frequently accompany this girl with glances.
Facial features in the women of this type are clear-cut, precise, eyes are bright, emotions are expressed in a very definite way, which also makes them stand apart from other girls.
HUGO women have special energy about them - they are energetic, assertive, directed, merry, and flirtatious. They speak loudly and energetically. Resourceful in flirtation, won’t search long for the right word, mocking, and readily breaks into laughter. HUGO knows her worth and can stand up for herself.
As a rule, women of this type always look neat and tidy. They take care of their looks with purpose and skill, allocating to this a lot of time and attention. They often have great looking hair-cuts. If their hair is long then it is skillfully assembled into an accurate ponytail or beautifully falls onto their shoulders. No absurd cuts, no unkempt hair, or greasy bangs on their forehead, no mistakes with coloration.
Woman of this type dresses with much taste. She loves shopping and carries it out almost professionally. Clothing and shoes are picked according to criteria of beauty as well as comfort. Besides that, her wardrobe is composed by criteria of successful combinations of color, texture of clothing, styles, and trademarks.
In school she is often one of the most diligent students. She is assiduous, accurate and, often, the teacher’s pet. Where she does not succeed with learning and understanding the material, she takes by charm. Although girls of this type obtain good marks in mathematics, physics and chemistry, nevertheless, they, as a rule, generally prefer humanitarian subjects (of these, they prefer history least of all). They are focused on people, about whom they know and remember everything; therefore they are usually quite qualified to write essays on humanitarian subjects.
HUGOs are usually active and enjoy sports. They take up artistic gymnastics, figure skating, synchronized swimming or dancing (of any type, from the ballroom to contemporary). They also love participating in school theater - any opportunities to display their bright emotions are highly appealing to them. This makes it possible for them, at least for a moment, to be immersed in the atmosphere of real passions. In their soul girls of this type feel themselves as artists; therefore, any work where they can display their artistic taste, is suitable for them.
If HUGO needs to lose weight (to keep looking fit or for a play or performance), possessing a strong will, she can easily force herself to keep on a diet. The same thing goes for her emotions, which are provided in doses and completely consciously.
In a company of friends, she is completely irreplaceable: willingly she laughs at jokes that others make, radiates happiness, creating around herself an atmosphere of holiday and merriment and charging everyone with positive emotions.
Most of all, she is pleased with clever gentlemen. For intellect she can forgive much, even not too courageous an appearance. Provided her partner can entertain her with intellectual conversations, that he is polite, courteous and accurate. Then she begins to revere and… becomes even merrier. If contact happened at a party, then, at this moment, it is good to go out dancing with her. It is not needed to constantly maintain a serious, clever appearance. Those who attract her must know not only how to speak of intellectual topics, but also how to obtain pleasure from sincere merriment. If she went full out and danced cancan on the table, this must not evoke jealousy in her partner, but admiration!
After marriage, HUGO in all respects acts exceptionally positively, and becomes completely immersed in family concerns and troubles. This brings her pleasure and enjoyment. The thought that she is the caretaker of the household and the mother of the family fills her with pride and gives to her extra strength. And this is considering that she already possesses energy enough for three people!
Under no circumstances it is possible to call HUGO woman lazy. However, her fitness for work in many respects depends on her emotional state. If her mood is poor, then she generally prefers not to become occupied with anything; everything falls from her hands at such times. But if she has sufficient inspiration and enthusiasm, the work will be done quickly and with great quality.
In short, HUGO woman will ensure that her home is clean and organized. Linen will smell sweet with pleasant aromas; her husband’s shirts are always ironed; breakfast, dinner and supper appear suddenly on the tablecloth. Saucepans in her house always know their place. If her dwelling did not have hot water for three days due to maintenance, a large pot with hot water will stand on the plate from the very morning for her family members. If a spot appeared on the clothing, she will wash the piece by hand until it is gone.
To live in her house means to live in a hospitable place. She cooks quickly, skillfully, tastefully, and plentifully. She does not mind to get up at 5 A.M. for her relatives, to bake pirogis, cook borsch, stock up on plov, make cutlets or other culinary masterpieces. Just so that everyone is fed and content. On the part of the household management, she will provide for everything. In her house, there is usually a shelf with emergency rations of products, which might be needed if some unanticipated circumstances suddenly occur in her planned out life. Nevertheless, no one will starve. This emergency ration will be used if any unforeseen guests or relatives from the countryside suddenly stop by.
HUGO woman very actively participates in the lives of her children; she participates in their development - both physical and mental. She attempts to be always in contact with them, to be friends with them, and be up to date on everything that happens with them. This mom attempts to fire her children up, to rouse their interest in life, to inspire them to heroic acts in the name of science (which she greatly respects) or, at least, simply to make them into decent people. It is very important to her that her entire life, her family, her children, generally everything is not worse than others. For this, she is ready to work with three times the energy.
It is characteristic to her that she does everything playfully, remaining graceful, merry, benevolent and energetic. Strictly speaking, one child for her undoubtedly is too few; she can easily manage three, and even more.
Being a considerate mother, HUGO woman, for a long time, does not let her children go, poorly estimating the time when they have grown up and no longer in need of her guardianship. For a long time (if not all her entire life) she participates in their lives, helping both materially or with infinite advise. This has its positive side: it is possible to completely rely on her in case someone needs to babysit the grandchildren. She is not one of those grandmothers, who remain apart from the grandchildren’s rearing. Moreover, there would be no worries that she feeds them with the wrong food, doesn’t them to bed in time, or forgets a doctor’s visit. In the matters of care and upbringing, it is possible to rely on her completely.
In domestic affairs, HUGO woman usually engages in some intrigue: some things she hushes up, other things she tells about to her husband and children only when they are in a good mood. Masterfully applying emotions, she unnoticeably forces them to do that which she considers necessary. It seems to her that, in this way, she retains control over the situation and cares about everyone in the best way possible, because “she knows better!”.
In the professional sphere, representatives of this type work tirelessly, especially, if their work is connected with people e.g. an organization that deals with matters of coordinating or caring for people, teaching or performing on stage. A fiery enthusiasm and a talent for making others become involved and follow her, make HUGOs into untiring activists and propagandists, capable of persuading and narrating so as to enlist everyone within their reach. This girl is capable of igniting large crowds of people with her energy.
Wherever a woman of this type works, she is, first of all, interested in people around her. This finds its manifestation in her radiant, public temperament, in how willingly and skillfully she creates an atmosphere around herself and organizes group outings.
In the majority of cases, HUGOs make for good workers. They honestly and with soul carry out their duties. However, it is best that they can work with people, and not wither, for example, in bookkeeping.
A story from life: “One day something has happened with my computer! It was horrible! I was kicking it so that it would turn on. Suddenly, the screen turns off! I turn it on, and it is not working. I hit it again - then it completely shut off and I had to pull it out of the outlet. In all, I suffered for three days with it, but I endured! Suddenly, my LII co-worker comes by and asks: “Did you take a look at what I asked you to?” I say: “My computer doesn’t work! I kick it, but it does not turn on! The screen turns off all the time. It’s horrible!” He listened to me without any emotions and said: “It is broken” and at once, phoned somewhere and started to say some puzzling words, “upgrade, motherboard”. And somehow I felt at ease right away”.
A touchy subject for HUGO - time. She constantly does not manage to do something in time, cannot calculate how much time would be required for the road, or for one project or another. During conversations, time also flies unnoticeably, and HUGO, as a rule, always willingly devotes time to socializing. So that, if you are in a hurry, then in this situation, it is better to take the timing under your control.
LII (Robespierre)
¶
Male Portrait, INTj (Ti,Ne)
¶
Slender, taut, and slightly stoop-shouldered, the male LII imparts a pleasant impression. Men of this type usually keep their hair short. Their clothing style often consists of soft pullovers and well ironed trousers, although they will wear suits on rare occasions.
Being an intellectual person, somewhat distanced in his own thoughts, the LII behaves softly and with some caution. However, if he is positively predisposed to you, his eyes will suddenly become kind and a disarming smile will appear on his lips.
Most of the time the LII male is occupied by pressing concerns and intelligent thoughts, and thus he is somewhat submerged into himself. However, if he has someone he can talk to, he blossoms, becomes sociable and demonstrative, even artistic, tells funny stories and jokes, and generally livens up.
From a very early age, the little LII boy shows impressible abilities. His analytical mind strives for knowledge. He loves to read, to think, to systematize everything that comes into his head. Generally children of this type are very smart, well-read, erudite, and attend school for the purpose of learning and becoming more knowledgeable. As a rule, they have good memory and a remarkable ability to understand the material, which they structure and categorize in their talented heads. Boys of this type often demonstrate excellent abilities in precise and natural sciences. Moreover, they are keen to the process of learning itself. They have all the qualities needed for this: deep interest in the subject, an encyclopedic mind, diligence, and self-discipline. They often finish school with good grades, participate and win at local student competitions, thus contributing to the pride of their class and school.
With other children they are usually well-wishing and gentle, try to maintain stable relations and avoid conflict situations, and especially physical confrontations. Most of all they dislike being pressured into having to resolve heated issues by direct forceful measures.
If the male LIIs take up sports, they are drawn to the ones that involve speed. Often this is running, lancing, badminton, air gliding. Team sports appeal much less to them because of inevitable need to do what others tell them, which infringes on their sense of independence, and possible power clashes on the field. Generally, however, male LIIs are much more interested in developing and expanding their creative and intellectual horizons rather than developing own physical attributes.
To spend time in the company of a male LII is often sheer pleasure. He is typically courteous and gallant around others, witty, and sociable. Elegant and light in conversation, he with pleasure helps to maintain positive atmosphere with his jokes, puns, and anecdotes, willingly dances, and charmingly plays around.
Male LIIs are not indifferent to women. With pleasure they become acquainted and maintain relations. They are often liked, since they are usually friendly and deprived of direct aggressiveness, well brought up, educated, and clever. By his noble manners and refinement in manners, the LII male usually makes an impression of a somewhat behind the times, academic person. In the process of courtship, his chosen woman will soon discover that this is a vulnerable, romantic, and imaginative man.
If you have decided to conquer the heart of this man, you will have to act sufficiently actively and decisively. Showing ardency of feelings is also welcome here. Indeed, it is exactly this trait that is lacking in the male LII. An open display of your feelings will meet a response in his heart.
Men of this type are rarely jealous and possessive. Usually, they are proud of their partners and see nothing wrong if their partner is also attractive to others.
With his seeming external softness, the male LII is, nevertheless, a sufficiently reliable and dependable person. He is responsible, stable, and ordered, although not always inclined to finish up dull, in his opinion, tasks. He tries to avoid that which he considers to be unintelligent and meaningless. The elevated, romantic view of life combines well in representatives of this type with their inclination to be economical and financial soberness. While not greedy, the LII male is always inclined to certain thriftiness: “The thought of having to drive across the entire city to the airport, pay for the gas, then the hourly parking, is unpleasant. The cost is seemingly small, but somehow upsetting to think about. I don’t like paying money into the air. Especially since now they have an express train that goes from the airport to the city, which I think is quite acceptable. Their trip will be even quicker this way.”
From time to time, the ordered male LII gets taken in by desire for adventure. When this occurs, he may suddenly (so it seems from outside) lift himself up and move to a new place, for example, to a distant country - for residence or simply for a trip. Making a trek across Europe using public transportation, for example, is entirely possible.
Generally male LIIs make for good and caring husbands and fathers. With some rare exceptions, they are inclined to family life. They know how to earn money, value familial warmth, cleanliness, order, and are grateful for the concern and care shown to them by close people. When they fall ill, male LIIs like to be cared for. This for them is very enjoyable and warming. If a male LII is not cared for, he may lose weight, go hungry, look neglected and unhappy, and not even notice this himself.
At home the male LII behaves softly, somewhat passively, and is responsive to requests of his family members. He is not lazy and strives to carry out his obligations. The male LII will not refuse to look after children, to change diapers, to walk to the store and buy produce. What he will not tolerate is arm-twisting, tactlessness, and rudeness from those close to him. Being defenseless against this, in situations where he cannot avoid aggression, he can withdraw and cut off any contact with the offender for weeks and even months.
Male LIIs, especially in mature age, may wish to have a large family and many children. They love their children and are sincerely attached to them, however, they may also be somewhat neglectful if they are seriously taken in by their favorite work. Having a well developed sense of fairness, a father of this type rarely punishes his children and usually dislikes taking harsh disciplinary action, but first tries to appeal to the child’s reason. If needed, he will help his children with doing homework. He explains material very well, with great clarity, and does this without irritation and with patience.
Sometimes the male LII can be overly edifying and excessively meticulous in his explanations when he’s trying to teach reason to his children. He can be strict and principled, requiring his children to heed certain rules, as well as be orderly and thoughtful in their behavior. He also likes telling about how to build and manage relations with other people in order to avoid direct confrontation, pressuring, and rudeness.
The LII male expects this not only from his children, but also from adults around him, that they won’t behave in unintelligent manner, but in accordance with reasonable, universal human norms. He wishes that other people would strive to understand what is happening around them, to analyze given facts, and make conclusions. In this, he is frequently disappointed when he encounters stupidity, brashness of actions, shallow estimations, and poorly thought-out ideas and plans.
At work, given sufficient level of education, the male LII is capable of handling any assignments, although he is primarily drawn to research and scientific engagements. However, staying in the same position for a long time, where no more thought and resolution of problems is required, is uninteresting to him. Therefore, once all of the possibilities to attain mastery at some position dry out, he will leave to work at another place, where he will be more interested and intellectually engaged.
With his co-workers and colleagues the male LII holds himself on equals and in well-wishing benevolent manner. He attempts to treat people fairly and objectively and tries not to accuse or condemn anyone. He is also not inclined to make exceptions for anyone or to have favorites.
The male LII, as a rule, is a good manager and leader. He is intelligent, and treats his subordinates with impartiality, fairness, and humanism. Additionally - he makes for a fine diplomat. He is typically prudent and judicious, and does not voice everything that he thinks and knows. In a complicated situation at work, for example during a power struggle, he can easily calculate the behind-the-scenes contrarian actions of other people, foresee any antagonistic moves, figure out likely motives, and predict the consequences of behavior of an adversary or competition. He sees work relations as a kind of an elaborate pattern in which the motives of other people, their self-interests, possible cunning intents, and potential actions that they can undertake under various circumstances - are all interwoven. The male LII then attempts to account for all of this and predict adversarial actions in order not to fall under their blow. This is a cautious and careful person, who almost never does something thoughtlessly.
Sometimes though the LII may actively and loudly protest. This usually happens when his interests have been infringed upon unfairly in his view. Then the male LII may show strict adherence to principles, stubbornness, and obstinacy.
But in domestic sphere, where he can relax and laugh in the company of friends and family, the male LII softens, warms up, and becomes more cheerful and completely domestic.
Female Portrait, INTj (Ti,Ne)
¶
Flexible as vines and slender, the female LII typically has an asthenic physique. Girls of this type are often tall and narrow-shouldered and sometimes notably stoop. Even regular exercise has little effect on their physical complexion. Some female LIIs have long hair and a soft voice that complements this fluid, indeterminate appearance. The elongated face, large eyes, somewhat detached flow of thought - all of this can create the impression of femininity, brittleness, and defenselessness. They hold themselves softly, gently, unobtrusively.
In terms of clothing, girls of this type often dress modestly and don’t try to reveal too much. The color palette of their wardrobes frequently gravitates towards same tones. Their clothing sets tend to look well due to successful stylistic solutions rather than correct color or contextual combinations.
From an early age, female LIIs often manifest an unusually analytical mind and a love of knowledge. They love to read, to comprehend, and to systematize everything. As a rule, they have a good memory and a remarkable ability to understand complicated material. Possessing such abilities and strengths female LIIs are usually very successful in academic situations. In school, girls of this type are usually good students who will always do their homework.
At the same time, female LIIs are characterized by heightened propensity to dream and to approach life intellectually rather than practically. Some discrepancy (sometimes considerable) can be noticed between their ideas about life and actual reality. They often keep this romantic view towards life or other persons for many years. Poor motor coordination is characteristic for girls of this type. Absorbed by their own thoughts, they are poorly aware of physical objects around them and can bump into furniture or get their sleeves get caught on the door. Due to this absent-mindedness they may forget items or grab something unnecessary.
Around peers LIIs girls are somewhat shy and hesitant. They may try to avoid noisy gatherings and large companies and keep themselves in seclusion or quietly remain in the background. They possess a certain degree of pedantry in their self-expression. To a large extent, they are influenced by the expectations of their parents, whom they do not want to disappoint. They desire to avoid conflict situations at home (and, incidentally, and at all other places).
In spite of the LII female’s desire to be alone, she does enjoy the company of a few close friends. There is a sense of camaraderie and closeness with those whom she has chosen to be in her circle. In public or in a large crowd, she is quiet and tries to remain unnoticed. Although she likes to laugh and enjoy herself, rarely does she allow herself to be put in the spot-light. She doesn’t mind occasionally stepping into the spotlight if it’s with close friends and in a familiar, comfortable setting.
If one marries an LII female, be prepared to share economic responsibility. She is happiest when the economic and the domestic affairs are taken on equally by both partners.
Despite being absent-minded and seemingly brittle at times, the LII female is quite rational and can maintain a strict household. Due to the fact that she values knowledge, she will make sure that her children will have a good intellectual upbringing. However, don’t expect her to spank or give out other physical punishments to her children, as she’ll try to reason with them instead. Why hit the child when everything can be explained to him or her? At times, the LII will attempt to be friends with her children as a way to avoid conflict with them.
If you see an LII woman feeling down, simply try to cheer her up with some jokes. In spite of their quiet nature and tendency to stay in the shadows, they are very responsive to a good joke and sincere laughter. If you are successful in this attempt, she will brighten up and will be grateful to you for your support.
SLE (Zhukov)
¶
Male Portrait, ESTp (Se,Ti)
¶
Even if the male Zhukov is thin and slender (though this is rare), nevertheless he looks like a well grounded person who solidly stands on his two feet. His demeanor gives off an impression of a steady, large person. He moves slowly but naturally and with confidence. His judgements sound solid and substantiated.
Usually male SLEs have short or slightly grown out hair and dress neutrally and plainly e.g. in a football shirt, sweater and jogging bottoms. Older male SLEs will often occupy managerial roles in organizations and firms, and thus tend to wear suits and neckties.
Male Zhukovs are usually endowed with healthy dose of practicality. They are strategically-minded and generally have good skills of observation. They have no problem with assuming responsibility. As a result, they nearly always find themselves in positions of leadership. Before you can make ends and tails of a situation yourself, you will have already received clear commands from the male Zhukov on subjects ranging from where to get shovels and rakes to clean the backyard, to who will chop the wood and make fire, to how to organize your business and with which firm you should make a contract.
Male SLEs are clever and talented, and they have a healthy sense of humor (not always the appropriate kind). They exude the presence of a powerful individual, confident in himself. He just enters the room and already the company becomes more lively, from all sides jokes are made and accompanied by explosions of laughter - it is as if he holds the attention of the entire group.
When male Zhukov arrives at his workplace his employees liven up and work starts getting done. He energizes others; people become more mobile, productive and cheerful in his presence. At the same time, nobody wants to fall under his heavy hand and become the target for to his decimating criticism.
Only the foolish and the brave dare to encroach upon the male Zhukov’s territory, be it his office table or his seat on a subway car. His territory encompasses his house, his car, his chair, his cup, his pen, and many other of his things. Man of this type is aware of prestige. They appreciate the finer things in life and are willing to spend money on them. Everything that belongs to him will always be of top quality, bigger or better in some other ways. With no doubt one can assume that most of the big expensive cars driven on the roads are owned by male Zhukovs. “Owner” is a suitable title for male Zhukov.
At the same time male Zhukovs are warriors at heart and have little understanding for material, as well as spiritual, excesses. They frequently find themselves in the army where they may progress up the ranks and make excellent generals. A relaxed, stagnant way of life is not for male Zhukov. They are very good at living minimalistically, with only the most basic amenities and supplies. They happily rid themselves of things they believe to be unnecessary.
An example from life: Young father SLE went hiking with his two sons for a week. The route was laid out to the north along wild, desolate area. Because they were gathering in a hurry, they just threw whatever food was at hand into their backpacks. After 2 days, they realized that there wasn’t enough food to last the week, and that the nearest populated area was 2-3 days away. So that the children didn’t starve, the father went without food for the rest of the journey.
Male SLE is often engaged in competing to accomplish something. His actions are aimed at having large scale implications. Despite their combative attitude, SLE’s career prospects aren’t limited to business or the army. They often take the role of the ingenious scientist, directing a research group to complete a given project. Due to the SLE’s boiling energy, they’re frequently pioneers of science and technology. Their systematic thinking, wide worldview, ability to quickly adapt to changing circumstances and embrace that which is novel, as well as their resoluteness, readiness to take responsibility, and skills of risk assessment prove that the SLE is perfectly capable in this field.
Male SLEs are frequently both direct in speech and coarse in their manners. Through this they can commit many blunders in their relations with other people without realizing it. Because of their awareness of power dynamics as well as their strong drive, they often manage to simply break through the situation without harming their interests in any way. If someone mentions to SLE about scheming or manipulation behind his back, he will brush it off and say something like “being afraid of wolves you’ll never go to the forest”. The SLE won’t give attention to such small matters. However, if the SLE sees suspicious or dishonorable behavior in an individual, he will without second thought say it directly.
Female Portrait, ESTp (Se,Ti)
¶
Female ZHUKOV is one of the strongest and most direct types in the socion. Outwardly she appears to be solidly built, possibly athletic, eye-catching, with open face that could only belong to a volitional person. Such a woman one cannot fail to notice.
SLE woman is often physically well developed with an excellent sense of command over her body. In clothing she may prefer to dress sporty and hold herself in an unconstrained manner. Those female SLEs who are somewhat older may adhere to a strict office style. Their entire appearance speaks of organization, responsibility, and seriousness in their approach.
In their childhood girls of this type find little interest in playing with dolls and engaging in traditional girl games. Much more they take to boyish entertainments. At school female SLEs usually perform well, although they are not always obedient and may have problems with discipline. In the upper classes they can start to skip lessons and even completely stop attending school without finishing just a few last grades. Although this predisposition exists in them, nevertheless this depends more on their upbringing, their family, and on how absorbed they are by the subject matter. If the female Zhukov is interested in learning and she is sufficiently ambitious, she can become an outstanding student.
As wives, ZHUKOV women are very loyal and devoted. She is a dependable friend and an invaluable assistant to her husband. But, more frequently it happens that it is the husband who gets the assistant role, as she assumes control over the domestic matters. In this case it will be better if he yields to her. To resist would be useless - she simply knows better. But if she suddenly feels the need to talk about relations or attain what she wants (and to female ZHUKOVs always need to attain it), she will, without any ceremonies, directly voice everything to her partner.
Specifically here lies the basic difficulty for the women of this type, especially when dating. In culture it is customary to assume that the woman must act a bit dependent, weak, silly and frivolous. Such girls are traditionally pleasing. However, in women and girls of this type there is little of the romantic (although they are very sentimental in their souls) and none of the silly or weak. They do not correspond to standard stereotype of what a woman should be; therefore it is not always easy for them to find a partner.
Another difficulty is that they discern poorly how relations are unfolding and are almost incapable of directing them. They don’t feel when a relationships is coming towards the end until they are put right in front of the fact. The end of the relations for them is always sudden and often traumatic. If a man nonetheless shows interest in the woman Zhukov, relations are frequently directed into their place by her orders. However, not all men are ready to this turn of events, some may choose to suddenly leave her. This hurts a woman SLE very deeply because in such cases she feels as if she has been betrayed.
Frequently, due to their inability to control relations, girls of this type do sudden, incomprehensible, even extravagant acts. They seemingly attempt to draw attention to themselves by displaying their unusualness, originality, unpredictability, since in culture it is customary that a woman must be mysterious and incomprehensible to the man. They can, for example, suddenly leave their partner, saying that they will never return, but then later come back to him. This can continue for a while, especially if the partner of this girl is not ‘strong’ in ethics.
Living space of female Zhukovs is usually in order. She does not attempt to clean her home to the point that it is spotless, but at the same she will do housecleaning regularly: usually once a week with a major overhaul once or twice per year. Windows will be washed as needed, all repairs will be completed, all sink faucets will be brought into order. Her relation to housework is like in the army - household duties are kept in strong grip. There is no place for sloppiness in such a home.
Same is her treatment of preparation of food. High-quality, fresh food is kept in household in necessary quantities, but there are no superfluous indulgences. Everybody will be taken care of, but she will not put all the household chores on her shoulders. She has too much respect for herself and will not permit anybody else to sit on her head.
At home woman SLE can be commander-in-chief. She gives clear orders and anybody who does not obey can be subjected to severe punishment. Female Zhukovs make for strict, demanding, but fair mothers, who also know that in the life of family there is always a place for holiday. In bringing up children they will not miss a thing. They try to bring up their children to be hardworking and organized, to grow up into self-sufficient adults with higher education (if she considers it as a must). She is proud of her children and others will also be proud of them! This mother places goals for her children then directs them towards them with a strong guiding hand.
Female Zhukov is also very sociable, loves gatherings. She does not mind having some fun, laughing in a circle of friends or colleagues, at home or at a corporate party. She loves to listen to anecdotes and tells them herself. She will always support social gatherings, she organizes or helps others to organize parties and celebrations, trips to nature, she will designate who will buy tickets, who will order hotel rooms. In short, she is of public temperament.
Women of this type often become businesswomen. They always know what they want. They think clearly, usually have good education, are willful, purposeful and enterprising in character, not afraid to take risks. They make for excellent colleagues - exact, responsible, organized. Everything which is under the jurisdiction of female Zhukov will be systematized - paperwork, documents, meetings, events - everything will be put under control. Thus they frequently occupy leading positions because of their excellent business qualities.
But to work with representatives of this type can be complicated and difficult. They can be too direct, exacting, demanding, which does not always please their colleagues, neither their subordinates nor supervisors, before whom she does not grow timid, frequently insisting on and getting that which she considers necessary. This deviates from the traditional expectations of role of a woman to be more considerate of harmony in relations, to be more diplomatic and to compromise. Nothing like this can be expected from female Zhukov.
In her behavior these is very little diplomacy. She can observe a displeasing situation for some time, but then she will compulsorily put everything and everyone in their place very simply, sometimes seasoning her energetic speech by more nonstandard vocabulary.
An example from life: Construction workers were have wrecked havoc with pavement of a street and did not leave any walk space for the passersby. Female Zhukov was tired of observing as people have to slump around the mud. With her car she blocked the concrete mixer in a blind alley. She told superintendent that it will remain put until in the concrete mixer runs out of fuel. Then concrete will thicken, and the workers will have to break it out it from the mixer. Or he assembles all his workers right now, apologizes before the inhabitants and they quickly build the required walkway. It goes without saying that the work superintendent went along with the second choice, moreover he was forced to run the entire program, including the apologies before the tenants of house.
Whoever is capable to handle this directness can build good relations with women of this type. She simply does not pay attention to the rest, but secretly she grows worried that she cannot build relations with everyone. For her it is important that she is received and treated well. The assaults of her own roughness and impetuosity are painful to her, but she has difficulty seeing any other methods of regulating complex and even simple ethical situations.
Retiring is equivalent to death for the women of this type, because work is the most important stimulus for them. It indicates respect, position in society, money, and confirmation of her own significance in the eyes of others, connections with others, and the sense of her own usefulness. Being a housewife does not draw a woman of this type - too narrow and insignificant. She could in fact command regiments.
IEI (Yesenin)
¶
Male portrait, INFp (Ni,Fe)
¶
The young male IEI is usually charming and pleasant in appearance. His essence is poetic. His initially melancholy gaze soon enough becomes sly and playful. An endearing smile lights up his lips. A pensively bowed head, long hair down to the shoulders, black sweater and jeans make up the image of modern day male IEI. However, extensive conversations about looks and style are usually not within his circle of interests. As children and adolescents male IEIs are characteristically slender and gracious, though they can put on weight with age.
In younger years, the male IEI is timid and amiable, goofy and whimsical, flighty and adventurous. He sensitively manages his own emotions and those of his conversation partner, so that you find yourself at times laughing out loud at his ridiculous jokes and antics, and at other times fall into melancholy together with him.
[
Translator’s note: This profile seems to be describing IEI e4 specifically and may not be as relatable for IEIs of other enneagram types.
]
He is sufficiently sociable, readily initiates contact and talks to people, but generally does not strive to ascend to the top of the social ladder, preferring instead to remain out of the limelight. He rarely takes initiative, and more often than not will wait until the right moment arises. He may quietly stand alone, aloof and away from the group, until he is noticed. If this occurs, he begins to make light conversation, showing attentiveness to other people, smiling, and throwing in light jokes once in a while. One of his distinctive traits is that you can physically move him to the right or to the left. The IEI does not resist physical force, unless it’s too crude and rough.
Frequently, youths of this type write reasonably good verses (usually poetry about nature and love), or he will read you the poetry of his favorite authors, desiring to make an impression and positively predispose you.
A boy of this type usually does quite well in school, if his upbringing was good and his his parents have guided him with a strong hand. If this is the case, such boys generally earn decent grades and are well-behaved. Otherwise, the complete opposite may be be true. They gladly attend school because they have many friends there. And even this is not the most important - they also have many female friends! These are very quick, active, boys who will literally on the fly come up with various mischievous, yet harmless entertaining games and jokes. They don’t wish for anything bad to happen, but simply want to have fun.
If a boy of this type takes up sport, he usually prefers the types that require quick reaction time and speed.
In school, humanitarian subjects are recommended for Yesenin. With the right amount of diligence he can master mathematics and physics, but more often literature, languages, and arts attract attention of this type of youth. Frequently, the male IEI is drawn to theater, literature and poetry clubs, where he can engage in unlimited self-expression, finally finding an application to the wide range of his emotions.
Although male IEI tends to solitude, he, nevertheless, enjoys spending some time in the company of other people. He typically has a small circle of friends, but knows how to become acquainted with unfamiliar to him people and then the entire evening consider them his friends.
When all around him familiar and unfamiliar people gather to spend time together, Yesenin’s moods improve. While he is in this good mood and elevated energies, he will joke and cheer and entertain everyone from his very soul, for he is not lacking in charm and is overflowing with positive emotion. But this is not a loud youth, so that if the company that gathers is too numerous and too noisy, he may choose to remain in the background unnoticed.
Male IEIs are friendly, charming, non-aggressive, and resourceful, so that they are often attractive to the girls. They are also easily conquered, because they are often yielding and indecisive, so if girl acts with enough energy and persistence the male IEI will more often than not yield to her. However, it is necessary to consider that at first the male IEI may become absorbed in the moment, give in to the momentary emotions, even propose to get married tomorrow. But, just as easily as he asks this today, tomorrow he may change his mind. And if he has changed his mind, he will have enough stubbornness and persistence to escape from his momentary promises. Young male IEIs are very careful and try to avoid any “traps”. Moreover, they have the talent to foresee the undesirable course of events, which helps them to protect themselves from unnecessary encroachments.
If you have married a male IEI, take the reins of management and decision making into your own hands, because the major decisions, substantial purchases, repairs, changes of apartments, and other serious everyday matters will fall to you. You will have an attentive and caring husband, who usually won’t refuse to help you in all your undertakings. Well, in almost all, since it will still be difficult to get him involved in repairs and maintenance and similar matters.
An example from life: “I have been trying to persuade my husband to do a kitchen renovation for a while now. When the money appeared, I proposed we leave on Saturday morning and go to the store to order the design that I liked. On Saturday morning he woke up in bad spirits, and as soon as I said that it is time to go, he started to nervously pace around the room and then asked: “So we just go and spend all this money immediately?! Do you think all of this renovation really necessary? Why are we making this decision so hastily? We should discuss and re-calculate everything again. What’s the hurry?” Seeing how he has become very anxious, I proposed that we put off the purchase. Two weekends we have spent discussing this step. On Sunday evening he was in the state of complete prostration. Monday he stayed the entire day at work where he has been apparently distracted by something else and calmed down. After work we met up, went to the store, and purchased new kitchen design.”
On the other hand, your IEI husband will hold absolute leadership in the family in terms of maintaining a vibrant emotional atmosphere. When in good spirits, he warms up his family members, relatives, and friends with his gleaming playful jokes. He knows how to cheer up and to inspire people. He adores jokes and pranks, loves to fool about and laugh, to have fun and to even sing about it. Wife and children next to him feel as one family. Warmth, faithfulness, devotion will always be valued very highly.
Lifestyle in male IEI’s family is distinctive. Here you will often find yourself traveling to new, unknown places. As soon as the wish appears (and the wish to travel visits him fairly often), you together with your family will be lifted up without too many preparations. Under the management of this untiring traveler your family will visit such places of which some have never heard about. Moreover, he loves not only to explore, but also to tell about the historical past of what he has seen. He is attentive and perceptive of the distinct styles of different epochs, can study architectural styles, is easily fascinated by history.
Needless to say, such trips bring joy and amusement to his family and contribute to the spirit of constant novelty and renovation.
It is necessary to say that Yesenin likes not only to travel, but also simply just to take walks, to talk and wander around. Therefore, it can happen that if you sent him to buy some groceries on Sunday morning, he will return only in the afternoon. In this case you must know that he simply went wandering around nearby areas and visiting other places, and strayed sufficiently far, this is why this has happened. His mistakes and oversights the IEI typically hides. Do not hope that he will directly tell you the truth. Most likely, he will act sly, build up an image of mysteriousness or importance, and with the most serious demeanor will try to pull the wool over your eyes. He can tell elaborate, extraordinary histories that nevertheless don’t exactly describe how events have really transpired, because he possesses flexible intuitive imagination a remarkable ability to tell about the most breathtaking and improbable topics – talent is talent. Probably for this reason, Yesenin loves to induce in others the state of slight surprise and even stupefaction. He is entertained by this. This also serves to protect him. Indeed, if his behavior is wrapped by a halo of fog and mysteriousness, then others won’t know anything about him accurately, and, therefore, they will not be able to use this knowledge against him.
The main annoyance of coming into contact with an IEI lies in the fact that he will frequently turn down your initiatives, foretelling with melancholy that your undertakings will not end in success.
Male IEIs make outstanding journalists, since the writer talent is often inherent to them and they can easily express their thoughts. Frequently enough they find themselves working as designers, stylists, modellers, artists, and singers. They love to photograph or to make movies, which sometimes also becomes their main profession. With their general interest of history, they can also dedicate themselves to studying or teaching it.
The IEI, as no other type, loves having the type of job that he would enjoy, and this, for him, often means diversification and trying out different types of work. He is constantly trying to avoid boredom and routine and this extends to his workplace. With great pleasure he goes on trips and meets up with new people. Least of all he likes monotony of daily routines, in which he finds no place for his creative ideas and undertakings. He hopes for something new and novel – he hopes for a constant change of impressions.
Female portrait, INFp (Ni,Fe)
¶
The female IEI is the embodiment of the conventional ideas of femininity. She is mysterious, elusive, changeable, emotional, risible, and fascinating. Yet, she seems so sensitive, brittle, and defenseless that it makes any man want to turn his shoulders and protect her. Easy on the eye, the female IEI usually dresses stylishly and has a young and tender looking face. She does not laugh too often, but when she does, she fills the room with positive energy with her voice ringing like a bell. Her gait is swift and directed, but does not seem very purposeful. It seems like at any moment she can change where she was going.
In school this is usually a slender, cheerful girl who easily laughs and is often the soul of a small (or even not so small) company of her peers. Boys start falling for her her and losing their heads early on. Her stormy personal life may have a negative influence on her school life, drawing her time and attention away from her studies. Although IEI girls have academic potential in any discipline, they usually flourish in subjects such as humanities, literature, arts and theater, sociology and psychology. If this girl is earning high marks in other subjects, she is usually doing this for her mother, who wants her daughter to finish school with good grades.
IEI girls don’t like sports too much, preferring to spend time participating in literary circles, play practices, or archeological groups. Although often enough, given their flexibility and mobility, they are made to take up figure skating, gymnastics, or dance classes. Growing up, the female IEI may prefer tennis, because it is prestigious, or badminton, because it is swift, or archery, shooting from a bow, because it is cool if a girl knows how to shoot. As the IEI girl gets older, she begins to show some inclination towards the extreme and to come off the earth. Students of this type can be found in skydiving and bungee jumping classes and excursions.
The IEI girl in her essence is sociable and light on her feet. She has many girlfriends with whom she always has something to talk about and discuss, and neither is she short of admirers among guys. Around her it’s always fun, because she is spontaneous and original, and livens up any company by her presence. She may entertain those who are present, try to tell their fortunes, read some poetry, sometimes of her own composition.
The IEI female listens to everyone with interest and expresses her affection such that it’s difficult to remain indifferent. She flirts creatively, showing resourcefulness and quickness. She doesn’t lose herself under any circumstances. Additionally, she has an air of victimness that is very attractive for men. After all, it is gratifying to feel oneself as strong and courageous, to approach her and lead her by one’s hand, and especially to show oneself as strong and daring where she hesitates, where she might be in danger, to help her and support her, to be next to her.
If an impression forms that it is possible to take the female IEI directly by bare hands, in reality this is not so. The IEI female is not completely defenseless, she knows how to stand up for herself and achieve what she wants. She uses emotions as the finest tool of influencing others (which she does often without any pangs of conscience). As long as everything is going well, she can be as playful and soft as a kitten, but if something isn’t right in her view she can become angry, threaten, promise to leave if you do not do as she wants.
The IEI female is very responsive to any tomfoolery and pranks. With her it’s truly never boring. Being brave to the point of self-forgetting, even reckless, she can propose to her friends some very risky activities and diversions that without her no one else would have imagined. For example, she may suggest in the middle of the night to climb up to the very top of main building of the university and get to the spire itself, to which there is no access and to which the doors have been locked up. Much excitement and exhilarating fear to be experienced by all! And all of these adventures will be invariably accompanied by the crystal ringing of her laughter. Grief to those who will fall into the whirlpool of IEI female’s emotions and adventurism, especially men, for she knows well how to make them follow herself.
An example from life: “I decided to part with her (a girl of type IEI) and in the evening invited her to a cafe in order to tell her about this. Everything was going well. She related to my words with understanding. We were parting as friends. Around 20:30 I accompanied her to the nearest subway station and was ready to turn around and go home myself. At this point her mother called and asked her to urgently purchase some medicine before the pharmacy closes. She became terribly upset and said that she does not want to go home because she has quarreled with her mother. First we bought the medicine, but then, for some reason, we ended up going for a walk. We arrived at her home when it was already midnight. She entreated me not to leave but to wait for her on the staircase. And of course I could not leave her! She went inside the apartment, I heard her mother screaming, while she started crying. I understood that she won’t be let out again. At this point she calls me on the cell phone and in tears starts begging me to somehow get her out. I rang the doorbell and very politely asked her mother to see her for 5 minutes. I lied that I’m leaving tomorrow morning and would like to say my goodbye to her right now. Her mother believed my words. Then, for some reason, we ended up on a roof, she has cheered up, we laughed and talked. At 2am she said that we should go, so we drove over to my place. We drank tea, at 3am she said that she is going to her friend and doesn’t need to be accompanied. I went to sleep and the next morning was late for work.”
Female IEIs love to put their feelings into lyrical and romantic forms. For example, symbolically burning a handkerchief of a dear person with whom relations have ended - this is in their style. Sometimes they behave according to the principle “the worse it is, the better it is”, forcing themselves into dead end, hopeless situations, then complaining to others about the difficult fate that has befallen to them. They love to tell their friends how others have mistreated them. In reality, they are simply lacking in sufficiently strong, bright emotions and impressions in this monotonous daily life. Thus, they attempt to decorate their life with more emotions.
If an IEI girl becomes your wife, try to make all of the decisions of major importance yourself. This will be easier for her and calmer for you. If it happens that somehow she becomes in charge of the budget of the family, you may come into debts. Money with inevitably regularly disappear somewhere. It will be better if you do the purchases, wash the dishes, get up at night to tend to the children. This not a traditional distribution of responsibilities within a family, but next to you is such a fascinating person, so playful and risible, subordinate, always attentive to your words and decisions, someone who greatly decorates your life. True, your wife also knows how to skillfully spoil the mood, but this will be followed by a beautiful scene of stormy reconciliation and everything will become well again. Female IEIs are knowledgeable in love, and are capable of keeping up this feeling in both themselves and in their partner for many years.
Female IEIs are typically very devoted to their children. They think about their future and direct their development in accordance with their innate inclinations and talents. They know how to create a light cheerful holiday-like atmosphere within the family. Moreover, your house will be always open to friends and the new acquaintances.
Also they drive very rapidly and love to travel, so that you are guaranteed to have new impressions.
Female IEIs find their calling in life as teachers of literature, foreign languages, history. They are also successful as journalists, psychologists, museum workers, stylists, artists, and designers.
At work, IEI women like to socialize; therefore, their work will bring them more satisfaction if it is connected to people. If this work requires solitude and concentration, for example editorial work, then it will brighten the IEI woman’s if she can interact with people around her. She knows how to make her co-workers laugh and shake them up, thus her colleagues often won’t miss the opportunity to talk with her.
EIE (Hamlet)
¶
Male portrait, ENFj (Fe,Ni)
¶
Young HAMLET is one of those who first to attract attention in a new group. His noble appearance successfully blends with his artistic manners. It is possible to say it otherwise: his artistic appearance successfully blends with his noble manners. In short, bright eyes, spectacular gestures, a sea of charm - all of this usually produces quite an impression on women.
HAMLET is like a prince. His clothing may vary from professional to extravagant and creative. Among youths of this type you can find those who love decorating their already spectacular appearance. In this case, earrings, chains, black clothing, the bandana, the skull ring, the skeleton pendant - all of this gets used for their adornment, especially in their youth. Their hair can be long or short, naturally colored or dyed into a bright color.
From the first minute of meeting, HAMLET can entertain you with captivating conversation. In this case his eyes will shine, and conversation topics will be found immediately. Sociability in men of this type is accompanied by bright emotionalism and incorruptible enthusiasm. Their speech, as a rule, consists of astonishing descriptions and many excellent epithets. They may gather an enormous quantity of people around them, although these may be only acquaintances. Even if HAMLET cannot interact with everyone he knows extensively, if it is needed for him, he can at any moment renew the contact.
In school, such children are lively and merry, and socialize with great interest rather than study. Although, in principle, HAMLET can do very well in school, the problem is that he possesses weak will, and thus frequently cannot force himself to occupy with something he considers uninteresting. This weakness sometimes overcomes him to such an extent, that in the morning he cannot force himself to get up from bed, and as a result misses school.
One of his favorite subjects is history. Moreover, he writes well, possesses a rich imagination, and provides his own tractations to literary archetypes. Thus his essays are often better than those of other children. Geography also draws him, since, when he grows up he will be attracted to travel. He is drawn by the unknown, untrodden paths, the romanticism of distant roads. Therefore, already in school he starts frequenting tourist clubs and organizations. HAMLET enjoys commanding and leading. Indeed, in his soul this youth is a true leader. It is precisely there that he begins to master the necessary habits of leadership. Tourism provides him with romantic experiences and contacts, without which he cannot exist. Add to this his constant companion - his guitar, using which and his beautiful voice he sings his own songs and those of others - and his image of romantic devourer of hearts is complete. In connection with this, one may recall a very old song called “Brigantina”, where in the romantic note there are mentions of “pirates and adventurers…”. Apparently, in majority these were HAMLETs.
A story from real life: “Young HAMLET loved to think over all of the details before setting off on a hiking expedition. Every time he reminded others what they need to bring, that everyone will need a lighter, etc. He was in charge of starting up the bonfire, but he also had other jobs to attend to, so from time to time the fire extinguished when he wasn’t paying attention to it. Another lighter disappeared in complete darkness into the grass. Then he took someone else’s lighter and started the fire again. This continued on several times throughout the evening. The next morning, when everyone climbed out of their tents, they saw an entire pile of lighters scattered around near the place where the fire was.”
Among the interests of this sensitive youth a prominent place is usually given to music and literature (in particular, poetry) and drawing, within the framework of which he attempts (often successfully) to show his talent. But most of all he is drawn to self expression on stage. He loves and knows how to enter into the most different roles, literally feeling delighting by the interplay of expressions required on this job. He also looks fabulous as a stage singer.
If you have found yourself in the same company with Hamlet, it is not necessary for you to show initiative in order to become acquainted with him. Well, only if you happened to encounter a very shy and modest one (such also exist). But consider that this youth, regardless of his own romantic-lyricist nature and merry disposition, does not like flirts and light-hearted girls. He prefers serious, even strict girls. Specifically, to such a girl, who will faithfully await for him his entire life, he wants to come back to after his adventures and distant travels.
If you have chosen HAMLET as you partner in life, be prepared to have your life arranged to be cheerful, reckless, boisterous. You will never feel bored around him. Moreover, in your house there will always be many friends, and at the holiday table you even risk to meet some unknown to you (and vaguely familiar to him) people.
To earnestly devote himself to household matters is not in his style. His nature is that of a romantic and a nomad, and therefore his interests will always come before his home life. However, sometimes one may encounter HAMLETs, who know rather well how to use the drill. Do not await, that your husband will spend his time on re-constructing the apartment with you, engaging in extensive home improvement projects, or re-hanging the pictures to improve coziness and aesthetics of your home. He is greatly occupied by a kind of life that is more elevated than practical concerns and everyday matters.
As a rule, your partner will be cheerful and optimistic, ready to support you with his expressive emotions. However, if relations are not coming together, he will always know how to express his displeasure in the form of cold contempt, with help of a dramatic explanation, or having simply increased the distance between you. He can also easily place all of guilt onto your shoulders, even if you are not guilty of anything, so be vigilant!
To his children he will transfer his own enthusiasm about exploration of space. Your entire family will regularly take excursions to nature or to other cities and countries. He loves to travel across the entire world, and, of course, to take photos or make videos about his adventures. It is so necessary for him to see everything, to be everywhere, and most importantly - to tell about what he has seen to other people so that they become absorbed into his impressions. He will without fail call on his friends - otherwise why did he even travel? - he will show them the videos and tell many stories. On many this will have an effect, and they will light up with the idea to repeat the unusual route. The number of people, which HAMLET can influence with his impressions, can be extremely large. He is a truly great leader, who leads everyone through the deserts and the mountains, the forests and the fields! Forward, there, beyond the horizon! Where the man did not step yet! Although, truth be told, rarely anyone is capable of repeating his exploits.
Since Hamlet is unpretentious in private life and does not seek comfort, he is inclined to put himself into extreme conditions. This entertains him. His extremism can take different forms: from leading a hitchhiker lifestyle with a minimum of resources in order to test his ability to survive, to bicycling across some mountains or the Gobi desert, where instead of the water he will have to drink camel urine. Briefly, HAMLET is ready for any venture provided no one made a journey similar to it.
For the same reason - to be original and famous - HAMLET may try to become involved in movie industry. Among movie directors and producers there are many people of this type. They are little oriented to comfort and are very mobile, and therefore at any minute they are ready to get together in a good company and go make some shoots at the far corners of the world.
There are other professions where these people can successfully realize themselves, not only artistic endeavors such as acting, singing, and writing. They make for good managers, lawyers, public relations specialists. They also make for remarkable, memorable teachers, because they enjoy playing the role of the leader in front of their students, and moreover they emotionally invest into them. They teach well in colleges, since they are endowed by natural expressiveness, and it pleases them to be capable of influencing large audiences. Among the subjects they give preference to humanitarian ones, but also geography, mathematics, communications and information theory.
Although not all representatives of this type finish college: life, love, entire world beckons them from early years and draws them in much more than dull studies. And if parents did not instill into young HAMLET some determination or at least a feeling of responsibility, he will find it very difficult to study. However, there are such diligent representatives of this type, who obtain even engineering degrees. But, as practice shows, HAMLET will always find, how to leave a dull job into such sphere, where he will be more noticeable and can show off his bright, outstanding character.
Female portrait, ENFj (Fe,Ni)
¶
Woman Hamlet often presents as a thin figure with noble face and elevated, refined look. Her posture has a tint of royalty - her back is straight, she holds her head proudly. At the same time she is light and elegant and can remain the same until very old age. It seems that this goddess cannot be but slightly haughty and arrogant, and possibly somewhere in the depths of her soul she is. She smiles with a winning smile and treats others so genuinely that this is perceived as the favor shown to you by a high persona. Who could resist this?
Female Hamlet dresses with refinement and taste. If her work requires formal attire, then that will be the focus of her style. It great pleasure she picks out elegant business suits, then proceeds to select suitable neckties, cell phones of the same color, and other “business” accessories.
She seems self-sufficient and irresistible with her striking skill to be in excellent, elevated mood around people. She will never just suddenly start laughing as if crazy at an inappropriate moment if she is intelligent and has been brought up well. The manifestation of her feelings is always under control. Her emotions are so beautiful that next to her one cannot resist but fall into good mood. She involuntarily leads after herself if only for man becomes entrapped in the field of her charms. But if she is not in a good mood - grief be to all!
Children, housework, laundry, cooking are completely uninteresting to her. Truly, she has been created to shine, to attract attention, to entertain and be entertained. She is interested in the world because it is full of people, and people greatly draw her in, just as she possesses a magnetic capability to attract them to herself. Only one thing is required from them - to be enraptured, to adore and to love her! Indeed she is so beautiful and so charming - really, can anyone remain indifferent? But if such people are present then against them she will use all her artistic ability, which has the power to convince anyone.
This ephemeral, incorporeal creature can without any pangs of conscience be late to appointments (and also to work, business meetings and conferences) not because she is unaware of time, but simply because female Hamlet always knows that how to easily escape any awkward situation with the aid of her charm. Moreover women of this type often have unrivaled capabilities for spoken language, so that say she can relay and describe almost anything. She speaks beautifully, rapidly, passionately and convincingly. Her face in this case is full of enthusiasm and sincerity, which cannot leave anyone indifferent. At the end you will believe everything that she will say in her justification. At the same time she harbors the spirit of hooliganism, so that at times she allows herself some transgressions.
In the school, girls of this type are often inquisitive and diligent students, but can easily get distracted. Teachers interest them as as people. They follow the personal life of their classmates with emphatic attention. They become immersed in all school novels and at home can spend hours talking on the telephone. Life is seething all around them, such passions boil and all of this cannot be missed! Why devote time to study? Use charm and smile to get As and Bs and then live the full life forward.
As far as sport is concerned, the favorite form of sport among female Hamlets is … theater. Everything begins from attending the theater club in the school, and then it can progress to a theater or arts major at a university. They love to sing and to dance, to appear on stage, because in their soul there is a storm of emotions. Well, the storms don’t occur every day, but one can count on a charged sea at least.
Beautiful and deep emotionalism comprises the basis of charm of female Hamlet. Relying on her irresistibility, she can get acquainted with anybody anywhere. Her company is fun and pleasant. Firstly, with her there is no contrary stubbornness, and only polite, courteous manners. Secondly, she is often socially exquisite. With her it is pleasant to chat and laugh as she is delightful and and unconstrained. She herself adores all this enthusiasm and laughter that permeate the atmosphere of a good company. But remember that she likes serious men with whom she can feel as if she is behind a rock wall. She can cheer up such a man at the necessary moment. Because if the husband does all the housework in addition to looking after children, then it is necessary to give him something in exchange!
In fact, this ephemeral being not only tries to reduce time spent caring for relatives to a minimum, not only avoids the load of household problems, but doesn’t even pay attention to her own health. She can forget to eat, can be oblivious to the fact that she is sick, can go long time sleeping few hours until she reaches a point of nervous breakdown. It is understandable that many other questions of upkeep, even health of her children, also do not fall into her consideration.
An example from the life: Female Hamlet, 40 years of age, was strolling together with her husband along New Arbat street. As they were passing by a hospital, she decided to go in and ask why she is having some water discharge the entire week. After hearing this, personnel was in shock: “Your water broke! You need to give birth as soon as possible!” After hearing this, lady was in astonishment. “There are some waters there?” - she said pensively, even though this was her second child.
The child had edema on her face and for 3 weeks she did not open her eyes. Through the window of chamber woman Hamlet said to her husband: “I have to tell you something. The child is blind.” “Don’t worry,” he replied, “Even blind children can be talented. Recall Homer!” Fortunately, in 3 weeks it became clear that child was not blind.
Soon after the little girl became better, her mother decided to take a trip to the country house. For this she was given an official car and an officer to help. She gathered the child and did not notice that she put on her cap aslant. The weather was outstanding, so they opened the car windows and went with the breeze. Entire road mom joked, laughed and flirted with the officer, without noticing that the wind is blowing into child’s ear.
After two days the family was paid a visit by doctor Agroskin. He took a look at the child and said: “Your girl is crying so much because she has an ear infection”. “Yes, I see” replied the woman Hamlet, “An agitated child.” The doctor hurried her, “It is necessary to do something about it now, otherwise she will become deaf!” And at the end it added, “But you are such a dear lady that I will not charge you a penny”.
At least around women Hamlets the atmosphere is always fun. As soon as she returns from the work, it is as if the light turns on for her relatives. That is if she didn’t happen to fall into poor spirits, because the representatives of this type have a tendency to dramatize everything around them.
However, all these abilities find remarkable use in the theater or the theatrical studio (in the library, in kindergarten, in the school, in the institute). These unusual women find work there most frequently, since they actually know how to play emotions even can even teach this art to the most capable. Those who get involved with theater become so absorbed and involved in it that they easily draw in others, unite them by one idea, inspire and promote confidence that together they are accomplishing a matter of enormous importance.
Among other professions that women Hamlets favor is teaching, but generally any occupation where they can be in the limelight and not in the background, where they are in position to ignite and to inspire, or to be of benefit to people. But do not forget, that they also need love of those around them and their sincere recognition.
LSI (Maxim Gorky)
¶
Male Portrait, ISTj (Ti,Se)
¶
Reliable, proper, responsible, MAXIM is distinguished by good posture and wide straight shoulders - he has a true military bearing. Any uniform can suit him. With his hair cut shortly he looks tidy and taut in any clothing. He moves calmly, with measured moves, never in commotion. His open, volitional, manly face instills trust - it immediately becomes clear that such person will never fabricate or occupy himself with intrigues.
During the first meeting, MAXIM demonstrates himself to be proper and well-meaning conversationalist. He smiles in a friendly manner, showing how glad he is to see you. He has a bribing smile, which magically transforms the usual withdrawn, somber expression on his face.
If there isn’t a suitable topic for conversation, MAXIM is not very talkative. He is also not one of those who attempts to become the “master of ceremonies” in a circle of guests. He has systematic thinking, and if you suggest a worthy topic he will provide you with logical basis for anything, from the workings of a computer to such concepts as art and love.
Try to shake him up a little, tell a joke and laugh, and you will see how he will cheer up immediately and smile in response. In general, he enjoys the atmosphere of a holiday, a carnival, a theater performance. With pleasure he will spend time in a restaurant or at a bright, beautiful show. He will be drawn into the general merriment at a disco, will run around in a red cap and fool around during the New Year’s celebration at the office.
MAXIM is not only responsive to merriment, but he can even be touchingly sentimental, although this is hard to see within this strict, dry person. He is capable of being imbued by much compassion and pity for the hero of a melodrama, that tears will come to his eyes. At work, MAXIMs sometimes experience assaults of unexpected, unmotivated sympathy for their colleagues, even if they behave in a way warranting their dismissal. Especially so if their colleague’s relatives are ill, or a dog suddenly died, or a wife being unfaithful.
But in reality, MAXIM’s main dream is that in his life there wouldn’t be any chaos and uncertainty, that everything around is understandable and reliable. He plans his life and painfully reacts to sudden changes. Furthermore, for him it is difficult to understand how future events will develop. With difficulty he can foresee the troubles and obstacles that lie ahead, and at the same time he stubbornly may not want to listen to admonitions of others around him. All this leads to the fact that MAXIM will have to learn from his own mistakes.
The representatives of this type know their rights and responsibilities and are capable of steadily carrying them out. Thus, they make for excellent, reliable workers and managers. Perhaps this is the only type that will with indignation will wave away even the possibility of starting a romance with a coworker. A coworker for him is not a woman. She is at work in order to work, not to introduce variety into his love life. He never confuses official and personal relations.
MAXIM is a conscientious, responsible person, on whom it is possible to rely on, both in the service, and in family life. But he will not act until he has received clear instructions on what to do or until the situation has become well defined. He, in everything, strives for complete clarity - both in work matters and in personal relations.
Story from real life: A man of 38 years of age was living together with his beloved. Since he thought that the relationship between them was good, he asked her to wed him, and, meanwhile, began to construct a house for his future family. However, suddenly it was discovered that his beloved allowed herself a certain romantic adventure with a young man from another city. His first impulse was to dissolve relations with her, but, in his mind doubts have accumulated: it was not clear how something like this could happen, if, to him it seemed that everything between them was well. He decided to first “conduct an inquiry”: to have a talk with her, to make everything clear; to understand what occurred between them and how much of her enthusiasm was of random, unpremeditated nature; to clarify how she evaluates this situation; how seriously she is drawn to her lover and what she plans to do in future. Without this, he could not undertake any important steps.
Towards strangers MAXIM is suspicious and approaches them only with distrust, but if one draws him into a conversation about the family, he can open up his heart and can even tell a bit too much. It can be said that representatives of this type treat everyone with distrust exactly because of this large internal readiness to trust and open up. But since they are not good at sorting out people, they prefer to be not open for anyone, but only to those few who are very close to them.
Thus, if you have entered into this inner circle (for example, gotten married to MAXIM), then with confidence you can feel yourself as if behind a rock wall. This, at first glance, serious and cheerless person adores his family and his relatives and is prepared for daily heroic acts for them. At home, these are good, tender, thoughtful husbands and fathers, for whom the interests of family always stand in first place.
Of course, for MAXIMs there aren’t only responsibilities, but also personal interests and hobbies. They love to collect things, moreover, things of the most varied natures. These can be collections of coins, match boxes, subway tokens, bus tickets, models, tallies and so forth. Men of this type also show interest in history and politics. In both in these subjects they can be very knowledgeable, in any case, they will talk about such topics with pleasure.
MAXIMs do not like to resort to physical force and will do so only in the worst case scenarios, when they don’t know what else they can do. First, they try to dissuade a man from taking aggressive action, to regulate the matter in by more peaceful methods. And only if these methods completely fails, they strike so that you will remember it for a long while.
Troubles in relations with MAXIMs are most usually manifested in their persistent unwillingness to respond to your completely serious business proposals, for example, to quickly glue wallpaper in the kitchen tomorrow. Also a sudden request to loan some money does not please them.
Female Portrait, ISTj (Ti,Se)
¶
Graceful and prim, MAKSIMKA is one of the strictest and concrete girls in the socion. Youthful, slender, but at the same time strong and robust - in youth, she makes an impression of being a real elf. She has a pretty face with symmetrical features - this is the reason she may be compared to Malvina (a graceful, beautiful heroine of a Russian fable). You will not mistake her for any other girl - it is necessary only to turn attention to her well-defined figure and solid gait.
In clothing, she prefers a strict style, standard cuts and mute tones. The idea of symmetry and uniform clothing is close to her soul. She does not like to stand out and to be extravagant; therefore, most frequently, she selects only calm colors and traditional clothing sets. You will never see on her a skirt with a slanting hem or a blouse with an asymmetrical cut.
She avoids making unexpected moves and is quite predictable not only in her taste in clothing, but also in her relationships with people.
At first meeting, you are guaranteed to see a charming smile and coquettish gaze. MAKSIMKA with pleasure will laugh at your jokes and, for some time, support the merriment. She knows how to be charming, and also how to seem tender, brittle, and defenseless, if she decides that this is something necessary for the time.
But do not be mistaken, there is a real iron rod inside this girl. And, as soon as she feels that a relationship has been established, she will more rarely make eyes at you and more frequently manifest her demanding and possessive nature. In addition, MAKSIMKAs are frequently romantic and lofty in their souls, and also like to imagine themselves as heroines of novels or movies.
If you have become the object of her affection, she will not advertise this fact, but allow you to be the first one to demonstrate initiative. Excessive passiveness in her partner can lead to a diminishing of feelings in this girl. She is very oriented that her suitors will court her, attend to her, try to attain her favor, and strive to prove their devotion to her. This is partially due to the fact that she does not see well in what direction relations are developing, and she fears being rejected. Moreover any uncertainty frightens her. And this is another reason why she will not be the first to express her feelings.
If MAKSIMKA is talking with you, this does not mean that you already became her friend. The bar for trusting someone for women of this type is set very high. They do not consider a person to be a close friend or loved one if they do not trust him or her 100%.
From the letter of one MAKSIMKA: “Still, it does not please me that my own thoughts and sensations in the evening can not coincide with what I thought in the morning. It irritates me. Apparently, I cannot trust even myself! This is somehow unpleasant to realize. To whom is it then possible to trust?”
Do not try to provoke her to jealousy in hopes of igniting her feelings. She will not fight for you, but simply decide that you are an unreliable partner. You will hardly earn a favorable disposition in the case if you try to appear mysterious, first appear then suddenly disappear somewhere, first call her then cut contact. Remember: she will not suffer such uncertainty and lack of clarity in relations.
If you have proven yourself to be worthy of her trust, make sure that you follow through and do not disappoint her - second time, she hardly will believe you. But if this girl saw in you a selfless friend, a loyal knight, she will become a reliable and devoted companion.
MAKSIMKA tries to live her life without any unexpected contingencies. She knows what she wants; she tries to live according to a plan and does not like it when the circumstances interfere with the realization of what she has decided for her future. She is wary of something entirely new. Not only does she plan out her next week and weekend, but also the next two or three months, and even the next two years of her life. Everything gets planned: her studies, her career, marriage and family life, children (birth dates and number), move to a new apartment, acquisition of a washing machine, trips abroad, and so on.
It is understandable that, in order to achieve all this, one needs a lot of willpower and determination. Both qualities are present in MAKSIMKA, moreover she has enough of these qualities not only for herself but also for others around her. With this girl you will not become spoiled. She will not grow tired of forcing others day after day to implement their plans into real life. MAKSIMKA will neither plan nor do anything that she considers to be an excess, but if she has already thought up of something, then do not count on her losing sight of it.
Being accurate, assiduous, and responsible, girls of this type usually study well, although they only do that which has been assigned, and nothing more than that. Lively student life does not draw them in too much. Because of their exactness in the relationships, they usually do not have many friends, and even to their few friends they rarely complain about problems of their personal life or disclose what the depths of their souls.
Family for woman of this type is very important, because it creates a safe haven where she can feel herself protected from the chaotic and complicated external world. Therefore special attention is paid to her home life; here she will have order. Her family members will obtain all that is necessary, but nothing in excess. No one will remain hungry with MAKSIMKA, but also do not expect lavish feasts. She will not tell about what she cooked and how she cooked it, but there will always be something simple but substantial kept in the refrigerator.
MAKSIMKAs make for exacting, demanding mothers. And, if they are not stingy in showing their feelings and know measure and restraint in the “training” their children, then the latter are brought up to be well-mannered and disciplined adults.
A feeling of duty is extended in women of this type not only to family, but also to work. MAKSIMKA is aspiring and ambitiously tries to build her career, although in this case she will not begin to disregard her family responsibilities. Her supervisors highly value the industriousness, accountability, and reliability of this girl, who, after some time, perfectly masters the necessary skills and acquires the needed knowledge. Very soon, it becomes clear that it is possible to rely on her, such that advancement in career is guaranteed for her.
Representatives of this type greatly value the atmosphere of any holiday (their favorite is often the New Year). They will never miss dates that are significant in their family (birthdays, anniversaries, etc.). They will arrange a celebration at home with giving of gifts, a celebratory meal and invitation of close friends. Leading a fairly closed off and measured style of life, at the same time, they are not against enjoying some company and merriment, so that they can laugh and fool about, but only in case that the company is made of people whom they consider to be their people.
Thus find a good reason for celebration and invite your MAXIM or or MAKSIMKA. If they know that there they will be entertained and cheered up, then without fail they will come over. And, may be even bring a mask of fake nose with glasses and whiskers. But they will do so only in such a case, if they know that the hosts will with pleasure take up their tomfoolery.
SEE (Napoleon)
¶
Male Portrait, ESFp (Se,Fi)
¶
NAPOLEON men are almost never bony and thin. This is a sufficiently solid, conspicuous, attractive, self-controlled person with a resolute stare. He is active and energetic, and holds himself rather assuredly. Everyone, who has had the pleasure of conversing with NAPOLEON right away knows who is “the boss in the house”. His entire appearance points out that he knows his worth. But if he is positively predisposed to you, he will endow you with his encouraging smile and make you laugh with circumstantially appropriate (but often frivolous) joke.
He prefers to wear soft sweaters and turtlenecks of dark colors, but in suits also looks very stately. Most often he has a short haircut, although there are a few SEE individuals of artistic natures who wear long hair.
NAPOLEON is very sociable, oriented at people, easily initiates contact, resourceful and witty.
In school, boys of this type often struggle. Although they they are often leaders by their nature and value their status among classmates, they, with difficulty, master the precise and natural sciences even at the basic level. They have trouble keeping interest in subjects that do no concern people! Honestly, what is there of any interest in them?!
How to survive for such a boy in school? How not to lose the respect of his classmates? It has to be said that, here, these boys are aided by their natural charm and confidence, and, if they know how to skillfully use both one and the other, then their grades are normally higher. All that is needed for this is that the classmates let them copy their homework on time, and that the teacher positively reacts to their smiles. Usually this works, and little NAPOLEON - again is a hero in the eyes of his classmates because without his company - there is no company. And also, who besides him knows how to appeal to girls like he does? To whom, in fact, he himself is completely not indifferent to, to such a degree that sometimes he is ready even to fight with a competitor for a lady of his heart.
Boys of this type equally enjoy physical education lessons and playing sports. Here they can be successful since they confidently control their body, which means that during training they easily learn the necessary skills. Additionally, they are sufficiently solid and stable to practice even the power-based types of sport.
NAPOLEON is charismatic and authoritative, so it is easy for him to get acquainted with any new person, and also to enter into any circle. His company means a lot for him. He understands what the feeling of comradeship is, knows how to be a good friend. He can, without a doubt, be called a team player, in which he typically does not hold the last place. With him, it is not only fun, but often he takes on himself the role of leader, organizing everyone else for new beginnings.
NAPOLEON is not one of those men whom you can “capture” by force. And in women, he values intelligence and practicality. A sense of humor with an evident portion of craftiness, cunning, and wit also make a good impression on him.
The skill to understand people well, the ability to notice everything that is going on around him, and a willful character - these are the traits that allow this man to keep the situation under control. He is confident in himself and focused, as a rule, positively, on trying to support in his group or among those entrusted to him by his job, a peaceful, benevolent spirit. For instance, attempt to get into an argument with someone in his presence - it will not be successful (the exception being, of course, when he himself took part in the intrigue).
If you married a NAPOLEON, then know that next to you lives an energetic, yet also calm person, who has exceptional diplomatic qualities. At home, he always tries to uphold smooth relations with everyone, treats the members of his family with respect, supports them, and softly directs them. This is a strong and optimistic man, on whom you can easily rely for support.
Depending on the peculiarities of his character and upbringing, NAPOLEON’s participation in household matters and chores can vary. Most likely, you will be engaged in setting up and remodeling of your new nest with greater enthusiasm than him. The fact is that NAPOLEON is not really interested in the everyday side of life. He tries to not acquire extra belongings, to not burden himself with an excessive amount of material acquisition.
Examples from real life: “Here is what the famous Russian actor, Vladimir Mashkov, tells about himself: “In our house, money appeared and disappeared in the same way, easily, joyfully. I have no job on the side, bank account, or country mansion. As a matter of fact, I have a pretty calm relationship with money. I have no accounts in well-established banks for a rainy day, and into my possession come only my royalties for a movie or show I starred in. I have no country home, and I do not want to own one”.
But there is one thing, which it is better to not entrust him: let somebody else handle paying the bills for your house or apartment. An enemy of formality, he does not like these kinds of errands. Try to relieve him, as well, from reading the instruction to television sets, computers, washing machines, and other household appliances. This is usually not in his department.
With children NAPOLEON knows how to be friendly. He wants to be proud of his children, trying to raise them so they become smart, worthy, independent, self-sufficient people.
Men of this type have an active, business-oriented personality. His leadership skills sooner or later will allow him to rise up to a position that fits him, so that he can provide for his family. Although, instantly finding his niche in life, for NAPOLEON, can be not all that simple. Being endowed with a strong character and powerful motivation for prestige, he is not too well equipped to be a simple performer at a secondary role, in the depth of his soul believing this is degrading to him.
This is why he often settles on the kind of jobs, which allow him to work independently, often alone, or lead a small group in such an area, where the nature of work is completely clear to him. This can be, for example, his own small company. Nevertheless, if life turned out so that he has to work with a large number of people, then such a task he will handle as well, since he knows how to enlarge his sphere of influence through the use of his authority and the ability to make many different connections. But success waits for him, in places where it is necessary to work with people. But the formal side of any job - filling out documents, making orders, establishing contracts, distributing wages - this is his real Achilles’ heel.
NAPOLEONs successfully work as psychologists, journalists, sport trainers, commentators, television hosts. They excellently handle the representative functions, heading a small firm, especially, if some logical type works as a right-hand man with him, who is able to make reliable and accurate prognoses for business situations.
Female Portrait, ESFp (Se,Fi)
¶
NAPOLEONKA - dazzling, notable, energetic, very specific woman with a deep sense of self-respect. The form of face is more frequent rounded, although there are as always exceptions.
She holds herself confidently and speaks somewhat ironically. She loves to joke, laughs in a friendly manner while speaking, which producers the impression that she feels herself familiar everywhere. Her tone of voice is frequently low, with a bit of a coarseness.
Her clothing, however modest she is, always fits her well and looks completely appropriate. She knows how to dress fitting to the situation. For informal situations, she can select sufficiently catchy, even extravagant look.
Education may be an issue for girls of this type. They do not like to solve problems, or to perform experiments. However, they usually have a penchant for literature and usually write well. School life seethes around them; they know how to and love to be in the center of attention. They are true ringleaders, reckless and lively, always ready to come up with all kind of possible activities and entertainment. Not a single birthday or school holiday passes without them. Personal life often occupies them much more than studies, in particular, much more than memorizing multiplication table. Nevertheless, because they have strong will, these girls can make themselves study and do homework and get outstanding results in any subject. Ambition and drive for prestige direct them and make some of them become the best.
In exactly the same manner, they try to be the best at sports. Girls of this type frequently take up figure skating, gymnastics, and tennis. Strong and confident, they can fully commit themselves to training, aiming to achieve top results.
NAPOLEONKA is a real embodiment of archetype of hostess. She realistically behaves like one on entrusted to her territory - be it her work place or her house. If she is among your guests, it is practically impossible to not notice her. Somehow, in the course of celebration, she completely naturally takes the management of the holiday into her hands, directing the merriment into the needed course. Moreover she does this calmly and confidently, without excess emotions.
To come into good favor of this girl, one needs to possess a few qualities that not all men have. It is not necessary to appear prestigious or dandy. Main thing is to appear clever! Preferably even very clever! The pragmatically disposed man with an encyclopaedic knowledge in most different areas, who, moreover, is capable of forecasting events, is the kind of person who will be appealing to this girl. She is not given to naive romantic impulses, and therefore values a critical mind. Women of this type are ingenious, lively and resourceful. They are optimistic, but at the same time relate to everything with a good dose of skepticism.
Not only does NAPOLEONKA usually have quick reaction time and speaks rapidly, she is also very active. She needs to be simultaneously everywhere, to envelop with her attention and presence a great many of her friends and acquaintances, family members and relatives. She must also regularly attend secular gatherings, exhibitions and theaters. A characteristic method for NAPOLEONKAs to get into a theater is to find at the last moment someone who will take them in, or simply catch a good moment.
A story from real life: “NAPOLEONKA was coming back from a vacation with her friends. In the summer, on the train, it is hot and dirty, so all of them ended up looked soiled. Coming off the train onto the platform, NAPOLEONKA - a big fan of ballet - suddenly learns that today is the last day of the tour of Roland Petit, and, despite everything, she decides to go there. Friends attempt to reason with her, since her look was in no way suitable for entrance to Bolshoi Theater; besides a short summer dress she had sandals on of different color - one red, another dark blue.
Nevertheless, precisely in this form she appears under the columns of the Bolshoi Theater, tanned, unwashed, without make-up. All of the tickets have been sold out, of course, but by one of the columns there is a foreigner waiting for someone. She comes up to him and immediately asks in English, “Excuse me, sir, do you have by any chance a spare ticket?”. And, it’s a miracle! - he timidly takes a ticket from his pocket. She pays him for the ticket and hops away. She then goes into the bathroom, washes her feet and wipes them with a handkerchief, and heads for her seat since the performance will begin any minute now. Since the public in Bolshoi Theater is always of good upbringing, soon everyone stops looking at her. But during intermission, she was faced with the question of whether to remain sited or go out and mingle with the public. She decided in favor of the later, and went for a walk across the Bolshoi Theater, her image reflecting in all mirrors and shocking the public.
When later in the evening she came back home, her mother asked her where she has been, and upon hearing her answer, she exclaimed: “With this kind of look?!” to which NAPOLEONKA replied: “But this was French ballet! Last day! Does it really matter?!”
If you married this type of her, do not hope that she will sit house under the lock. She is the prima donna, who must shine out there in the world, and not spend her days in the apron by the stove. She carries out chores quickly, but conscientiously, without getting stuck on them, without going deeply into detail, and without being taken into excesses. She tries to limit housework to its bare minimum. Main thing for her is to obtain the result and to be done quickly. She is not inclined to become excessively involved in house chores. At the same time, NAPOLEONKA is sufficiently practical, knows how to take responsibility onto her shoulders and is not afraid of this.
She brings up her children with love and humor, by being friends with them. They love to laugh and to fool about together during their leisure time. They willingly develop their children, encourage them to read artistic literature, take them out to theater performances and museums. But to do lessons together for them is sufficiently difficult; therefore they attempt to avoid this experience by all means.
NAPOLEONKA knows how to handle responsibilities, with the pleasure takes on work where it is necessary to do PR functions before large groups of people. She can be the owner of a small company, for example, a tourist agency, work on the television, be a journalist or a teacher of humanitarian disciplines, a sport trainer, in PR and HR. In short , everywhere where it is necessary to competently and representatively establish contact with the people. One should not place NAPOLEONKA in positions where no one will see her. With her strong orientation towards prestige, it will be difficult for her resign to such a role.
ILI (Balzac)
¶
Male Portrait, INTp (Ni,Te)
¶
Young BALZAC, irrespective of whether he is slender or portly, resembles a small boy who grew to the size of an adult. May be this is due to the fact that in their childhood such boys often surprise other people by their outstanding mind and an almost encyclopedic knowledge that goes well beyond their years. Becoming accustomed to the enthusiasm and praises of adults, they preserve on their face an expression that is characteristic of the child prodigy.
BALZAC is calm and imperturbable, phlegmatic and pensive. The distinguishing features of his face are the clever, sad eyes, full of hopeless skepticism, often with dark circles. Men of this type favor dark colors in clothing, such as dark blue with gray or brown with black. Long hair among men of this type is common, but of course, you can also meet one with a more traditional short haircut.
Body of representatives of this type has indeterminate forms, often with rounded shoulders and inclined to fullness. Even if in youth BALZAC has participated in sports, in middle age he nevertheless is predisposed to putting on weight and becoming heavy set. Some BALZACs, however, keep in good figure even into their later years but these are less frequently encountered.
In spite of their fullness and considerable size, BALZACs do not make an impression of being sturdy. It is easy to move them or to go around them. They as if do not occupy space, and even if they do, they glide along side of it, as large soap bubble glides along the floor.
In childhood, boys of this type are often very gifted. They are sharp-witted, clever, erudite, devoted to learning more about the world around them. They accumulate an enormous quantity of information from very different areas of life. However, in school they often keep in the background; they do not hurry to advertise how much they know and do not attempt to draw attention to themselves. And although boys of this type are not characterized by diligence and accuracy, they usually perform well in school, especially those who possess a measure of healthy ambition.
As a rule, with age BALZAC’s intelligence does not diminish, but only grows in its extent. Proportionally to it, he also develops craftiness, cunningness, and biting sarcasm. BALZAC is capable of foreseeing the course of development of events and of estimating the benefits that this or another enterprise may bring to him. One can rely on his forecasts if he is willing to share his thoughts with you.
Female portrait, INTp (Ni,Te)
¶
Looks of girls of this type can be very varied, such that creating one profile that would encompass them all is practically impossible. The most commonly shared facial feature among female ILIs is dark circles under the eyes, though this can be found among other types as well. Due to such diversity, it is difficult to identify members of this type according to their physical appearance.
Like their male counterparts, female ILIs tend to prefer darker hues in clothing and inconspicuous colors, such as dark-blue, gray, brown, and black. In combination with the darkened areas around eyes this mysterious girl, perhaps, better than others personifies the spirit of third quadra, which is expressed by the twilight state of consciousness on the edge of two worlds - the real and the surreal. There is something mystical in her, which gives off the impression that she knows something …
BAL’ZACHKA does not like to stand out. She holds herself modestly, keeps in the background, never jumps out to front lines nor to the side lines. However, her sharp, critical mind and staggering capability for foresight quickly become noticeable if you associate with this girl over some matters.
A skeptical attitude towards everything is characteristic to her. No enthusiasm, no ecstatic flight of thought, no boisterous emotions. She is the observer, the skeptic, and her forecasts frequently possess very pronounced negative character, although she, herself, will call this being sensible.
With her softness and friendliness, she suffices with a small company of friends, or with one or two girlfriends, and does not suffer from this. At the same time, she is glad to support a social gathering and on occasion loves to be with people, however, her close circle always consists of clever, intellectually developed individuals, with whom she has something to talk about. Clubbing, crowded gatherings where there is much noise and laughter, but no sense whatsoever, quickly bore her. Even if she goes to such a gathering, perhaps succumbing to social pressure, it will take her a day or two to recover.
BAL’ZACHKA, as a rule, makes an impression of being well brought up girl and does not allow herself crudeness in expression, although at times, if she is strongly angered, she can be very blunt and use nonstandard vocabulary with a special, refined toxicity and rebuttals of bitter sarcasm. This is her “angry humor”, which can be sufficiently funny.
Generally, with their proclivity to criticize everyone and be in opposition to everything, from them one can frequently overhear indignant hissing about some matter or another: “Well, this is impossible! It is impossible!” For female ILI it is difficult to imagine that people indeed can be so foolish, that they cannot see the consequences that lie just two steps ahead of their actions.
BAL’ZACHKA herself visualizes the situation well with all its potential consequences, and she knows how it will develop many steps ahead. She thinks everything through thoroughly and will never connect her fate with a man who will not be able to justify her hopes. She solidly knows that in order to create a family and bring up children, one needs money, a good job and a place to live, not soulful sighs, flights of fancy, physical attractiveness or irresistible charm of partner, as girls of some other types may think.
Perhaps precisely because of this pragmatism these girls rarely remain single, without a family. They, as a rule, do not have overstated ideas about themselves or heightened romantic requirements of their partner. This makes it possible to soberly and sensibly look at themselves as well as at their significant other. Since they typically know better and do not advertise their intellectual ability, they successfully circumvent man’s prejudice that the woman must not be too clever. BAL’ZACHKA can calmly live together with a man and independently make well thought-out decisions concerning everyday situations - and he will not even notice that his companion is so clever. It may seems to him that the matters somehow resolve themselves, or that all of it is his merit.
A female ILI is also careful and farsighted. She will never do anything that will bring her harm in future. And if partner does not satisfy her in something essential, then, sooner or later, he will be left without special regrets as an unpromising match. Certainly, this does not mean that female ILIs are incapable of love, but they understand very well to what extent the material aspect of life is important, and they cannot neglect it during selection of the partner. Even if it seems to you that BAL’ZACHKA has agreed to the “paradise in a shack”, take a closer look at whom she has chosen. May be he is still a student, but it is not excluded that she already sees in him a promising future husband with the great career possibilities and, it goes without saying, with good income.
Making an acquaintance with female ILI don’t laugh boisterously or be too merry - in this manner you will not make a good impression on her. It is better to place emphasis on intellect and witticisms. This will resonate with representatives of this type and evoke response and understanding. They will be assured that they are not spending their time in vain. Work on your appearance and your inner state - these girls like those whose looks hint at prestige, but who are not flashy. If acquaintance has taken place and relations are in development, avoid any dramatizations and attempts at boisterously examining your relations
Female ILI is very adept at logical arguments such that you will never manage to prove anything to her, but in department of feelings this may cause her to feel repulsion towards you. She feels uneasy with constant examinations and analyses of relations and stormy declarations of feelings. They bear such bright emotions with great difficulty, since they don’t understand anything in them, and find such heated passions to be very tiring. So try to maintain friendly, benevolent, and calm relations, to which this girl is very responsive.
Intellectual ILIs learn wonderfully well, since for their flexible mind there are practically no limitations. They can excel in technical, as well as humanitarian and artistic areas, and even in those sphere where they have to work with hands. They are often attracted to folk art, sewing, making of dolls and jewelry.
The only breakdowns in normal life can occur if BAL’ZACHKA finds herself unable to overcome two things: the absence of enthusiasm (hence frequent periods of laziness) and haughtiness (“people around me a so stupid, so why should I associate with such idiots”).
At work, a female ILI is completely irreplaceable. They are unusually clever and quick to learn, acquire necessary skills rapidly and rarely become confused in their work. It is practically never necessary to repeat instructions twice to them.
Since career for them is very real, and domestic responsibilities they find to be sufficiently dull, female ILIs try to optimize their participation in household chores. Certainly, it is pleasant for them to prepare something unique for loved ones or guests, to take care of the people they love for one evening. However, for the most part they do not enjoy cooking or other daily household upkeep duties. If the feeling of duty has prevailed and BAL’ZACHKA takes on such responsibilities, then she will make sure to optimize her methods prioritizing quicker rate of completion.
From life: “After my fork got glued to my plate so strongly that I had to throw both of them out, I immediately realized that I won’t manage without a housekeeper”.
Small children, around whom adults usually act like they are moved by their cuteness, don’t appeal much to female ILIs - the senselessness of an infant who has to be breast-fed and the need to manifest emotions seems repulsive to them. They like it much more when children grow up a little, and they can talk with them, supply them with important information, discuss interesting problems, and teach them life. BALZACKs do not know how to be assertive and do not hope that they will be heard, and therefore they do not hurry to express their opinion. They do have one, as a rule, of high degree of expertise, especially on those questions which have occupied them professionally or which relate to the sphere of their interests or hobbies.
Representatives of this type have a special relation to the course of time. They see it as the actually existing substance and know how to work with it. Their consciousness is capable of gliding along the time axis forward in the future and backward into the past. They live in this flow of time and don’t understand why others do not make use of their potential.
BALZAC is burdened by the slow flow of all possible processes, although himself he does not hurry anywhere and thus makes an impression of sluggish lout. A man of this type can indifferently sit in an armchair, read a captivating book, and then instantly get up, get ready in three-five minutes, and leave the house by the required time.
Story from real life: Young BALZAC was traveling in a subway car with a female acquaintance. Both of them were engaged in an involving conversation. In retrospect, she said that she was trying to end the conversation when the train came closer to his station, thinking that he will want to make his way to the doors. However, he continued talking. The train stopped, doors opened, people came out, others came in, and only then did he say goodbye and walked out of the car before the doors closed again.
BALZACs are undemonstrative and reserved. With pleasure they occupy themselves with their favorite work, sitting in some quiet corner at a library or on the internet, where they feel themselves as fish in water. They don’t suffer from lack of company. They are little interested in other people. The most important thing for them is to keep their mind under creative pressure. However, if they find a worthy conversation partner, BALZACs can spend hours discussing topics of interest with such a person. He is very predisposed towards removed philosophical reasoning and, as a rule, approaches subjects from the apex of his intellect.
Male BALZACs understand poorly how to develop relationships with the opposite sex and even more poorly orient in the realm of feelings; therefore they hold themselves neutrally, with indifference. He himself does not understand how he gets pulled into relationships, and notices this problem only when it becomes urgent for him to do something - get married or break up.
Because men of this type orient poorly in love, they behave extremely carefully in such matters. It is useless to ask what feelings they are experiencing - they themselves are not sure of this. One should act pragmatically. They try to shift all decision-making to their partner. They do not like taking on responsibility in relationships, since they best see all the negative consequences of the development of situation, that somehow for them are always outweigh the positive ones. In short, BALZAC welcomes partners who demonstrate resoluteness and decisiveness in relations.
If you have married BALZAC, then you can be certain that your family will be provided for materially. The spectrum of professions befitting to BALZACs is sufficiently extensive. They will always find a method to obtain money, without over-straining themselves at work or by engaging in profitable projects on the side. Some of them, after earning a decent sum, allow themselves to take a vacation for three or four months, devoting themselves to intellectual research. But don’t pay much attention to this, you will not find yourself in financial troubles. At the right time - not earlier and not later - BALZAC will find a method to earn the next sum of money. For example, by participating in intellectual contests of the type “What? Where? When?” where it is possible to win considerable prizes.
There are among the representatives of this type such, who start their own business. They successfully manage it, especially if they have good partners, who take upon themselves all the public relations functions - serve as the face of the firm, talk with the clients, etc. Himself BALZAC prefers to work behind the scenes. He does not like forcing himself to answer or make phone calls, even if this is necessary for work.
Housework does not appeal to the man of this type. He does not like to waste his energy and time on household upkeep that from his point of view is pointless and unnecessary - it is good as is, only that he has a sufficiently interesting virtual life. So do not wait for your BALZAC to actively investigate problems associated with daily chores. As a father, BALZAC is usually not aggressive, likes to joke and becomes friends with his children. He frequently believes that his main task is their intellectual development.
He often avoids situations that involve open and passionate declarations of feelings and noisy parties with empty, senseless conversations. Boisterous emotions coming from other people are intolerable and suffocating for him, so do not try to create drama or play out tragedies before him. If you become excessively involved with such theatrical displays or frequently try to discuss state of your relationship with him, then he will simply disappear from your field of view. If he has already become your husband, he will feel miserable in such conditions.
To feel yourself happy with your BALZAC, you need to learn to inspire and to activate him, because he drowns in various matters and frequently cannot force himself to undertake the necessary actions when the time comes. He does not have sufficient enthusiasm, nor determination within himself, and therefore he needs to be stimulated from without. Otherwise, he will attempt to prove to you that there is no possibility whatsoever to carry out the job or project which you have planned.
LIE (Jack London)
¶
Male Portrait, ENTj (Te,Ni)
¶
In youth, LIE male is practically always thin and mobile. He’s frequently attractive and flirtatious, as well as charismatic, resourceful, ingenious and mysterious. His dressing style is very simple; he prefers neutral-colored and plain clothing e.g. jeans and a t-shirt. Only when the LIE male grows older and achieves a higher position in society does he start to wear suits and the like. Commonly has short hair, because its easier to manage.
LIE male rarely keeps still. He rushes right by forgetting to greet you, which is not surprising considering the speed at which he is moving. In such situations you may only take note of his elongated nose and protruding ears.
Despite his high mobility, in business LIEs are very organized people. In childhood one can already notice that they are very capable; they quickly grasp the material taught to them, and generally do well in school. Love to engage in sports; prefer type of sport that does not require sheer application of force, but instead good reaction time. Speed almost puts them under a spell. Jumping from a helicopter onto a snow-covered slope and then making a high-speed descent on skis - this is quite in their style. They love to feel adrenalin circulating in their bloodstream.
But in day-to-day, mundane matters, LIE males are poorly coordinated - at home they may run into a door or a corner. Poor coordination is augmented by their absent-mindedness. They can be thinking about work and miss their stop, or forget to turn on the washing machine or turn off the water in sink.
LIE males have many acquaintances. They are enthusiastic and sociable, like to joke and laugh, thus in social gatherings they are indispensable. With their quick-witted, funny remarks they can all evening long entertain those attending.
A woman does not need to devote time thinking how to get acquainted with LIE man. He himself will go through the trouble. First, he has the remarkable ability to see everything around him, so that if you appear somewhere next, he will immediately note you. Second, he will readily show initiative (which is actually what he frequently does) - and you are already acquainted!
From this point on you don’t need to strain yourself - because if LIE man has selected you, he will not disappear, he will himself make calls and come to visit you. But so that he finds it interesting to spend time together, you will need to concern with. LIE man primarily needs decency, faithfulness, and kind treatment.
Don’t take note if sometimes he may seem somewhat rude. In interaction with people he is indeed clumsy, at times making offensive remarks, other times taking offense over something. Sometimes LIE male is prone to falling into depressed state. This means that he doesn’t have a real, worthwhile job or project where he could realize himself to the maximum. What can you do, everyone has their faults, but he also has many other good characteristics.
Also you need to know that he is not the kind who solves problems “with fists”, with brute force. This is a relatively soft, even a bit indecisive man, who avoids power collisions.
From life of LIE male: “One time we went on vacation with my husband. We rented a room on first floor. Suddenly in the middle of the night I hear that someone is climbing through our window. I’ve gotten frightened, started to wake him up. When I managed to wake him up and explain what is happening, he turned around and politely asked” Excuse me, sir, what did you need here?”
As a husband, the LIE is little concerned with everyday chores and upkeep duties. He is not interested in thinking about creating comfort at home. He won’t devote a lot of time to taking care of food and his (and your) health. It would be best if you take care of all such matters.
With children a man of this type is friendly, but prefers older children, who are much more interesting for him to be around. As for younger kids, their presence at home is always accompanies with some kind of physiological issues - damp pampers, gases and burps, and this LIE male does not like. Thus take the sanitation matters under your own responsibility. Ask him to care of small children only infrequently and only when it is urgent. May be this is not very comfortable … but console yourself with the fact that it is so fun to be around him! And also that he will always come up with ways to make a lot of money.
LIE males who have been endowed not only with intellect but also with organizer talent, prefer to keep a stable job where they usually achieve the highest positions, become directors and business owners. Other LIE males who have more of a hunter ardor, strive to work in consulting or as crisis managers, where they also become very successful.
Without work LIE turns sour, life becomes boring for him. Imagining a man of this type without having something to do can be done only theoretically. This is because LIE male usually leaves the company several months before problems arise, usually to a better salary. He will never be in low demand: with his capabilities and his connections, he has a wide selection of places where he can realize his talent and passion for work.
Difficulties with LIE male arise when he gets into bouts of formalism (as home as well as at work). This usually occurs when something is not going well. His dissatisfied and grouchy demeanor betray his inner tension. Then come the accusations: “I don’t understand what you’re telling me” or “First explain to me what for are we doing this” or “Formulate this more concisely and concretely”.
In such moments, it is difficult to find common language with LIE male. Try to change his state, do something that he understands how positively you’re predisposed towards him. When he calms down, after some time you can continue the discussion this time around hopefully with more success.
Female Portrait, ENTj (Te,Ni)
¶
Slender and graceful, light and directed, strained as string - this is a typical outward appearance of female LIE. In any clothing she makes an impression of being very tidy. Everything on her is clean and fitted well to her figure. But she dresses without pretentiousness to originality, without any experiments - no unusual cuts or uncommon combinations of color. Her style is more similar to official dress. Good figure makes it possible for her to look slender and taut into old age. Even everyday clothing is tidy and simple. She wears only clean jeans, and her usual shirts never look stretched or wrinkled - she never puts them on haphazardly, one on top of another. And even at her home you won’t see on her old dressing gowns or torn slippers.
Face of female LIE is youthful, taut, symmetrical. Smile is friendly, eyes are large. You will never guess her age correctly. She usually wears her hair short; no curls lower than shoulders, no experiments with recoloring. She wears no to very little makeup. In her entire appearance there is a note of minimalism: everything which is necessary is present, but nothing extra.
She walks rapidly, impetuously, and with ease. This is the gait of a person, who always has something to do, but is always lacking in time. Lazy, aimless gait is not in her style.
Female LIEs usually do well in school. They love to learn, because it is interesting. They grasp the material easily because they are quick, clever and diligent. On the whole, they are apt to study technical, natural, and humanitarian subjects. And do all their work in time. They are also sufficiently responsive to their classmates, although they do not disregard their studies for this.
Sports do not interest female LIEs much. During lessons of gymnastics their performance is considerably lower than in those areas that require use of intellect.
If you found yourself in company together with a female LIE, then you will not fail to notice the slender, active, ingenious girl, who readily tells jokes and supports the general merriment in the group. For her, however, it is better better if responsibility for entertaining guests does not wholly rest with her, since she gets tired by this. She is attracted to positive, traditionally built men, who are not clingy and hold themselves with merit.
If your wife is LIE, you can be certain that your home will always be in order and supplied with food. The concern about comfort here is minimal. Cleanliness is maintained within reasonable limits but regularly. If the choice is between house-cleaning and a visit to an exhibition which will end tomorrow, guess what she will prefer to do. Her relation to food is also special - in the opinion of female LIE it must be first of all beneficial, useful. Furthermore, it must be fresh. And it must be prepared simply and quickly. From this it is clear that a woman of this type does not spent a lot of time in the kitchen. This simply does not bring her any pleasure - in the life there are so many more important and interesting matters!
From life of female LIE: “One day in some restaurant I will try out a delicious dish, so then I will want to cook it at home for the children. I will mix, add some flour, brown it a little, garnish with spices. Children will eat and politely say: “This is so tasty, mom!” But then they add: “Next time simply make some mashed potatoes for us, ok?”
She is not given into analysis of relations with her husband. She needs simple and understandable family life, that are constructive, positive, prospective and normal. Towards the children she is responsible, friendly, affable and thoughtful. A feeling of responsibility for her family is strongly developed in her.
She will not regularly do homework together with children - she simply does not have any time for this, since often she works a lot. But she knows how to teach them to learn independently, from time to time checking their progress and providing help if the need for it suddenly arises.
LIE women are inquisitive, active wives and mothers, who with the pleasure will go out and take out their relatives. They love to travel in those rare vacation weeks, which they manage to cut out from their busy work schedule. On holidays, they periodically take out their entire family to museums to see exhibitions in order to learn and to see something interesting and new, for example, the recently opened architectural complex or monument. They can propose to everyone to take a skiing trip or to spend a week camping in the mountains. Later, captivatingly and with humor, they will talk about all that was most interesting and share their impressions with friends and family members.
However, female LIEs do not know how to rest in the conventional sense of the word. They are bored to simply lie on the beach and not do anything. They also do not like to be ill. Perhaps they will finally decide to stay home when their fever rises too high; only then they will focus attention and notice that something is wrong with their health. They like it when their life is filled with intelligent, productive activities and interesting information.
Female LIEs usually have few friends. If she is committed to work and stable family life then she will live for 1) her work and 2) her family. To both activities she is loyal to a fault, thus for others, for watching movies, playing board games, drinking wine, she has no time left. Life with female LIE is intensive, interesting, full of a plethora of diverse impressions. She won’t go sour sitting a home and grow bored from nothing to do, and won’t permit this to happen to those close to her. Activities and projects are created and implemented, jokes are readily dispensed, in short: life moves on.
Female LIE is always composed and purposeful, always ready to plunge into work. Work is her high horse. Often she becomes a serious businesswoman, builds a successful career and earns a good salary, but as a by-product, not making it her main goal or boasting about it. She can work practically anywhere where she can be occupied by business, technical or scientific work. The only occupation that usually does not attract her is medicine.
At work, female LIEs usually quickly rise to the top to management positions. They are friendly and fair, try to maintain good relations with everyone, and avoid intrigues.
ESI (Dreiser)
¶
Female portrait, ISFj (Fi,Se)
¶
(“DRAYZERKA” is the feminine version of Dreiser, much like Alexei and Alexandra. To avoid confusion, I will substitute “DREISER” into the names, so that the relationship is more obvious. I’ll also try to make the modifications to “DREISERKA” more lucid.)
Well-built and graceful, DREISERKA is in good control of her body - she moves confidently and beautifully, sits straight, demonstrating her great posture. Her clothing looks tidy and befitting of her figure. Her entire appearance makes a worthy impression. Some bare skin does not spoil her look, but only enhances it since she usually has nothing to be ashamed of concerning her figure. Moreover, she is very graceful.
Most often, she has classically built face and unusually expressive, warm, agitating eyes. She knows how to select a complimenting haircut and professionally uses make-up.
In childhood, DREISERKA is often a strict and correct girl, very assiduous. She knows how to be nice, what behavior is appropriate and what is not appropriate. There is order in her mind, on her working desk, in her briefcase, her notes are written in tidy hand-writting.
DREISERKAs are demanding of themselves. They possess a strong will and can force themselves to do many of the things that are usually undesirable for children. But they are also exacting of others, such that not everyone will want to become friends with this girl. DREISERKA does not allow anyone to get away with any irresponsibility. She does homework in accordance to her schedule, among many other things. She prefers measured-out life from childhood and she becomes upset if her plans don’t come together. In such cases, unexpectedly, she may even cry. Thus, there must be no unexpected trips to the zoo or the aquarium. It is better to plan activities with her beforehand.
Due to their general perseverance and diligence one can assume that DREISERKA will study well. Sometimes they graduate with honors. Though they generally have more interest in humanitarian subjects than in mathematics or sciences, girls of this type often major in technical subjects, and can later even work as engineers.
DREISERKAs have nothing against serious involvement with sports. They usually have beautiful, strong bodies; therefore they can make for outstanding gymnasts, swimmers (synchronized swimming), figure skaters, acrobats and dancers.
DREISERKA does not like large gatherings where there are many unknown people. In childhood, she makes one or two close friends. The next wave of friendships occurs for her in college. Here, she will make another 1-2 friends and then keep them for life. Specifically with them she will share her happiness and misfortunes.
However, the fact that she has few close friends does not mean that she doesn’t like to sometimes enjoy a celebration or party. These girls dance well and moreover are very beautiful and graceful. Therefore, they have success in any social gathering. But do not hope that you will easily earn the trust of a DREISERKA. She will give you serious attention if you are promising, young, and resourceful. She also likes a man who thinks quickly on his feet and shows mental acuity. If you have all of these characteristics, then, there is no doubt, that she will make you marry her sufficiently quickly, because DREISERKA is a girl marked by drive and determination; she follows through with her goals. And she never steps back from her purpose.
After you marry her, you will discover that you have an exceptionally responsible, industrious wife, who diligently watches after the household. She tries to maintain an ideal cleanliness, so she zealously cleans and washes her house, making it be literally sterile. From time to time you will rearrange the furniture with her, because sometimes she wants a new setting.
Prepare for the fact that grocery shopping with her will not be a light matter. This is because DREISERKA orients poorly when it is necessary to select between two or even more objects. Therefore, instead of standing together with her at the counter and listening to her for half-hour, as she goes back and forth and doubts herself, it is better that you make a decision and relieve her of this need. In the end, there is no difference whether you will purchase a pink kitchen towel or a yellow one. However, DREISERKA is sufficiently low-maintenance and can do with little, such that you won’t stumble upon such situations frequently. And also she likes to save money, but does this in an odd manner - she may lose much to save one dollar.
DREISERKA prefers to cook going by standard recipes, that have been proven by centuries or that she obtained from her mother. She prefers the proven and the reliable to all potential innovations. She also honors traditional holidays; therefore prepare to hold celebrations at your home inviting over her relatives and close friends.
DREISERKA is a restrained and well brought up woman, with a deep sense of self-worth. If you manage to upset or offend her, she will create a stormy, emotional scene, which you will remember for a long time. This way she protects her values and positions in life.
She prefers it when everybody in the house lives by her established, inviolable order, which she will, everyday, maintain and reinforce. The joint matters in her family are planned beforehand, because she handles changes of plans poorly. If she has already decided on something, she will always try to adhere to that accepted decision.
Story from real life: “If in the evening I prepared clothing for myself, and in the morning of the next day the weather has proven to be not as it was promised, and it was necessary for me to rapidly put on something different, then the entire day can go wrong for me, because my mood was not made to match this new clothing and new weather.”
DREISERKAs make for strict, but loving mothers. They require obedience of their children and teach them discipline and order. The physical health of children, the completion of homework, and their friendships will always be under control and strict guidance of DREISERKA. She must know, with whom the child associates, where he went and when he will return. In short, she will try to make it so the intentions of all relatives are transparent and their actions and behaviors are known.
Because of their diligence and assiduity, DREISERKAs can be considered to be reliable co-workers. This is also so because, among all other things, they emotionally invest into their projects. But if the work for DREISERKAs is new, then make sure to give her a thorough set of instructions, how everything needs to be done, otherwise work will not move from a dead halt. It will still be better if she writes down these instructions, the sequence of steps that the job requires. But if she is already well familiar with work, then you should not worry - everything will be done honestly, accurately, and on time.
And, nevertheless, on any work, DREISERKAs, first of all, are occupied with people and their problems. Therefore, it will be better, if they choose jobs which are directly connected with people. DREISERKAs make for excellent teachers (especially for the lower grades), educators, nurses, pediatricians, psychologists, correctors, editors and instructors or foreign languages.
Female portrait, ISFj (Fi,Se)
¶
(“DRAYZERKA” is the feminine version of Dreiser, much like Alexei and Alexandra. To avoid confusion, I will substitute “DREISER” into the names, so that the relationship is more obvious. I’ll also try to make the modifications to “DREISERKA” more lucid.)
Well-built and graceful, DREISERKA is in good control of her body - she moves confidently and beautifully, sits straight, demonstrating her great posture. Her clothing looks tidy and befitting of her figure. Her entire appearance makes a worthy impression. Some bare skin does not spoil her look, but only enhances it since she usually has nothing to be ashamed of concerning her figure. Moreover, she is very graceful.
Most often, she has classically built face and unusually expressive, warm, agitating eyes. She knows how to select a complimenting haircut and professionally uses make-up.
In childhood, DREISERKA is often a strict and correct girl, very assiduous. She knows how to be nice, what behavior is appropriate and what is not appropriate. There is order in her mind, on her working desk, in her briefcase, her notes are written in tidy hand-writting.
DREISERKAs are demanding of themselves. They possess a strong will and can force themselves to do many of the things that are usually undesirable for children. But they are also exacting of others, such that not everyone will want to become friends with this girl. DREISERKA does not allow anyone to get away with any irresponsibility. She does homework in accordance to her schedule, among many other things. She prefers measured-out life from childhood and she becomes upset if her plans don’t come together. In such cases, unexpectedly, she may even cry. Thus, there must be no unexpected trips to the zoo or the aquarium. It is better to plan activities with her beforehand.
Due to their general perseverance and diligence one can assume that DREISERKA will study well. Sometimes they graduate with honors. Though they generally have more interest in humanitarian subjects than in mathematics or sciences, girls of this type often major in technical subjects, and can later even work as engineers.
DREISERKAs have nothing against serious involvement with sports. They usually have beautiful, strong bodies; therefore they can make for outstanding gymnasts, swimmers (synchronized swimming), figure skaters, acrobats and dancers.
DREISERKA does not like large gatherings where there are many unknown people. In childhood, she makes one or two close friends. The next wave of friendships occurs for her in college. Here, she will make another 1-2 friends and then keep them for life. Specifically with them she will share her happiness and misfortunes.
However, the fact that she has few close friends does not mean that she doesn’t like to sometimes enjoy a celebration or party. These girls dance well and moreover are very beautiful and graceful. Therefore, they have success in any social gathering. But do not hope that you will easily earn the trust of a DREISERKA. She will give you serious attention if you are promising, young, and resourceful. She also likes a man who thinks quickly on his feet and shows mental acuity. If you have all of these characteristics, then, there is no doubt, that she will make you marry her sufficiently quickly, because DREISERKA is a girl marked by drive and determination; she follows through with her goals. And she never steps back from her purpose.
After you marry her, you will discover that you have an exceptionally responsible, industrious wife, who diligently watches after the household. She tries to maintain an ideal cleanliness, so she zealously cleans and washes her house, making it be literally sterile. From time to time you will rearrange the furniture with her, because sometimes she wants a new setting.
Prepare for the fact that grocery shopping with her will not be a light matter. This is because DREISERKA orients poorly when it is necessary to select between two or even more objects. Therefore, instead of standing together with her at the counter and listening to her for half-hour, as she goes back and forth and doubts herself, it is better that you make a decision and relieve her of this need. In the end, there is no difference whether you will purchase a pink kitchen towel or a yellow one. However, DREISERKA is sufficiently low-maintenance and can do with little, such that you won’t stumble upon such situations frequently. And also she likes to save money, but does this in an odd manner - she may lose much to save one dollar.
DREISERKA prefers to cook going by standard recipes, that have been proven by centuries or that she obtained from her mother. She prefers the proven and the reliable to all potential innovations. She also honors traditional holidays; therefore prepare to hold celebrations at your home inviting over her relatives and close friends.
DREISERKA is a restrained and well brought up woman, with a deep sense of self-worth. If you manage to upset or offend her, she will create a stormy, emotional scene, which you will remember for a long time. This way she protects her values and positions in life.
She prefers it when everybody in the house lives by her established, inviolable order, which she will, everyday, maintain and reinforce. The joint matters in her family are planned beforehand, because she handles changes of plans poorly. If she has already decided on something, she will always try to adhere to that accepted decision.
Story from real life: “If in the evening I prepared clothing for myself, and in the morning of the next day the weather has proven to be not as it was promised, and it was necessary for me to rapidly put on something different, then the entire day can go wrong for me, because my mood was not made to match this new clothing and new weather.”
DREISERKAs make for strict, but loving mothers. They require obedience of their children and teach them discipline and order. The physical health of children, the completion of homework, and their friendships will always be under control and strict guidance of DREISERKA. She must know, with whom the child associates, where he went and when he will return. In short, she will try to make it so the intentions of all relatives are transparent and their actions and behaviors are known.
Because of their diligence and assiduity, DREISERKAs can be considered to be reliable co-workers. This is also so because, among all other things, they emotionally invest into their projects. But if the work for DREISERKAs is new, then make sure to give her a thorough set of instructions, how everything needs to be done, otherwise work will not move from a dead halt. It will still be better if she writes down these instructions, the sequence of steps that the job requires. But if she is already well familiar with work, then you should not worry - everything will be done honestly, accurately, and on time.
And, nevertheless, on any work, DREISERKAs, first of all, are occupied with people and their problems. Therefore, it will be better, if they choose jobs which are directly connected with people. DREISERKAs make for excellent teachers (especially for the lower grades), educators, nurses, pediatricians, psychologists, correctors, editors and instructors or foreign languages.
IEE (Huxley)
¶
Male Portrait, ENFp (Ne,Fi)
¶
Thin and pulled up, with light, swift gait, usually men of this type stay like that till old age, preserving an almost youthful figure. Face of HUXLEY typically has large eyes and mouth, ready to smile at any moment. However along with general affability, HUXLEY as a whole makes an impression of a serious and calm person.
Friendly and well-wishing disposition, encouraging smile and endless enthusiasm - all this distinguishes the real HUXLEY. Magnificent haircut - in short or long version - usually creates an artistic mess on his head. This same mess can reign in his clothing - a jacket negligently thrown on top of a sports shirt, an open coat with a loosely hanging scarf - all this looks unconstrained and elegant, reflecting a certain recklessness inherent in his character.
Sometimes one can encounter thorough and disciplined men of this type, however the majority of representatives of this type have an inherent scatterbrainess and vague ideas about order. Instead, they know how to be liked by others. Thanks to this, all their matters usually become resolved.
HUXLEY is sincere, direct, resourceful, charming, and it takes him no effort to establish contact with somebody with use of unconstrained jokes and welcoming looks, everywhere he wishes - on the street, public transport, shops, university campus, bank, ministry etc. He does not feel subordination and acts naturally around any managers, knowing with certainty, that any official is first and foremost a person. And people - both on the street and in the high offices - are inclined to respond to the requests of this good-natured, calm, sincere man, while he will never forget to charmingly smile in return.
Real life example: “In Budapest, at the currency exchange center, there sits a handsome, welcoming middle aged fellow. He diligently counts on his calculator and does not forget to face it towards the client, so he would see the final figures. He smiles to the visitors, looking into their eyes with warmth, and talks with them on other subjects. This is probably the only currency exchange center in entire city where near the window stands a little box, and in it - tiny candies in beautiful many-colored wrappers. Not only does he exchange your money with a smile, which is hard to forget, but he also offers you to taste the candies. How can anyone be indifferent to such approach? Obviously next time you need an exchange center, you’ll go there again.”
In childhood - he is a merry, dreamy and enterprising boy, who is never bored. In fact, life is full of such interesting things! And from all this, of course, the most interesting for him are the people. They go to school mostly in order to observe teachers, trying to understand their characters, and also in order to socialize with friends. Socializing for him is always meaningful. However, as far as content is concerned, only those HUXLEYs are successful at studies, who have a good memory. Otherwise, he has to spend the whole summer learning the multiplication table, which may literally poison his life.
During teenage period HUXLEY starts to pump up his muscles, so he would look like a “real man”. Afterwards, many of them for the same reason regularly engage in sport, although for them it’s doubtful pleasure.
The selection of higher education institution is agonizing. The fact is that HUXLEY matures very late (around the age of 40!), while he has to enroll to the university much earlier (and the idea of attending the army is not very popular among the representatives of this type). At the age of 17-18 almost none of representatives of this type know what they want to do in life. HUXLEY lives in order to extract the maximum possibilities from his contact with people, not in order to learn dry and useless formulas or lifeless integrals.
Thankfully, though not many HUXLEYs can brag about good memory, many of them join humanitarian departments in colleges. Here they study with greater pleasure, if they can consider studying as pleasure at all.
On the other hand HUXLEY has lots of friends, and even more acquaintances. He is liked by everyone and everyone is ready to spend time with him because a positive energy is coming from him and life is boiling around him.
Generally, informal relationships is their domain. Through friends and acquaintances he learns about life, moreover precisely socializing helps to broaden his horizon and acquire knowledge in most various of fields. That does not mean that he knows about everything only by hearsay (although partly it is true). Simply friends and acquaintances hint what would be better to read a little, where and what to watch, on what to focus attention. He does not like the idea of standard education where you need to regulary attend classes and take exams. However he has enormous curiosity to everything around him and he is ready to learn about world in its various forms (and later on - of course - discuss it with friends). Indeed HUXLEY not only curious but also thoughtful young man and for him it is important not only to know but also understand what caught his interest.
Since HUXLEY moves through life with unusual ease, he can successfully be pleased by a quiet, calm and thorough girl. Its only needed for her to attentively listen to his reasonings and support his notions.
In a group often HUXLEY is the best storyteller, knows how to inspire everyone, involve, entertain, shake them up. It happens that guests just gather and sit and only when HUXLEY comes the party starts.
Actually, this young man does not go astray under any circumstances, does not fall in spirit of any hardships. To the contrary, in situations where you need to quickly find a way out, in stressful situations, mobilization of all his charm and resourcefulness helps him to keep up the tone. If life came to a stagnation, friends left somewhere or are always busy, at work every day the same thing, then its not that far from depression.
HUXLEY becomes serious about marriage usually quite late. Until 40 years they are attracted to freedom and an enormous amount of opportunity that they always see within arms reach. To get acquainted and fall in love “head over heels” does not take great effort of him. If the beautiful girls were not that abundant then maybe he would stop somewhat earlier. So even if HUXLEY has married a bit too soon due to “big love” (and he falls in love easily), then most likely there will follow a divorce, and after that - sexual freedom and new, bright victories at the love front.
If HUXLEY, however, stays in the family, then know, you have a soft husband, who is very distant from manly chauvinism. He acts with the wife as with equal partner, not against helping around the house, eagerly hangs out with children, especially with little ones, with pleasure entertains and interacts with them. His optimism and ability to easily relate to everything in the world makes him cheerful and beloved father.
If HUXLEY was taught manual work in his family as a child, he is able to maintain the house in some order. He does not refuse to buy products and to make repairs. In general, he takes care of the household, though he will need help with some remaining details, because when everything in general terms has been completed, and the work needs to be brought to the end, he loses interest. He believes that once the major work is done, the rest can be done later. As a result his apartment may have unpainted skirting-board and non-hanging chandelier for many years.
Since HUXLEY is oriented at originality, he likes to invent and refine something. At this he may be really talented. So his improved object might be unique and you wont find another one like that, however it will always be brought to operating condition.
The main enemy in HUXLEY’s life - formalities of any kind, from filling receipts for rent to various rules and agreements. So this part of everyday problems better be handled by his wife.
Men of this type do not fit into the measured, standardized life of society easily. Thing is that he with difficulty handles mundane, routine work. He needs at least some freedom, so he is better suited for work that is related to business trips or having a more loose schedule, where he for example is giving lectures. He finds the use of his talents in many humanitarian fields, works well with adults as well as with children.
Female Portrait, ENFp (Ne,Fi)
¶
A girl of this type usually does not possess well developed physical forms. Most frequently she is thin and slender, poorly coordinated, with the strange, angular movements. She continues to remain youthful into old age.
Her face is elongated, with large eyes and plump lips. Outwardly HUXLEY woman appears to be calm and benevolent, polite and affable. In contact, she is merry, light and unconstrained. In her soul, she is sympathetic, always ready to support and to comfort a person who has fallen by spirit, or at least smile at whoever needs it. Being sensitive and thoughtful, she responds to problems of others. She tries to be useful to others, moreover not only those who are close to her, but often her help extends to completely random people.
She dresses vividly and lively, trying to appear original and unusual, so that it is immediately possible to notice her among other women. Her dresses are not so much pompous, as they are whimsical, consisting of the strange combinations of bright colors and brave forms. She rarely dresses traditionally and properly as the majorities of women, consciously selecting more weird type of clothing. She loves to devise for herself extravagant costumes, in order to slightly unsettle the public and to simultaneously give herself pleasure. Frequently her clothing appears amusing, ridiculous, strange or even inappropriate to the situation. She as if attempts to cheer up those surrounding her by her look, to show that one ought not relate to appearance so seriously, nor to life in general.
In childhood, girl of this type is a merry, cheerful child, who possesses a well developed imagination and a greedy curiosity to experience life. If she has good memory and some modicum of discipline instilled by parents, she can study very well. But if she lacks one of these qualities, then she experiences difficulties with natural and exact science, especially in the upper classes.
Small HUXLEY does not like to devote too much attention and time to dull and monotonous tasks, such as keeping her notebooks in order. Physical education classes also do not interest her. But she tries not to make a problem out of this (just as from many other things), relating to everything vivaciously and nonchalantly. Teachers, as a rule, pardon her mishaps for her good nature and courteousness.
In college, it is better for her to avoid technical majors, and instead pick humanitarian subjects, where she can fully develop her abilities and talents. Girls of this type can work as guides, translators, psychologists, teachers, editors, they can work in HR, PR, and advertisement agencies, work on television, lead talk shows, and so on. They have difficulty working in accounting or bookkeeping. Usually, their self-preservation instinct allows them to avoid such jobs.
People are as necessary to the HUXLEY woman as air. Without social contact she withers. She likes to be constantly up to date with what’s happening in her surroundings and beyond, to track all that is novel and new. She loves her friends and with enthusiasm tells about them to her other familiars. True, on occasion she may not carry out something that she has promised to one of her friends, but if it was not very important matter, they usually forgive her. As far as serious matters are concerned, it is possible to rely on her. Although often her own ideas about what is serious and important do not coincide with the ideas of others.
If she is constantly submerged in the flow of events, if her head is full of ideas on what to do to alleviate boredom, then her life feels fulfilling. But if in her life the period of stagnation came, then she begins to feel the scarcity of impressions, and the situation begins to suppress her. In this case, she is in dire need of changes.
A girl of this type usually aims to try out everything in the world, to be everywhere, to acquire most diverse experience in the most different regions of life. She wants to see a cow shed and travel to Canary Islands, to meet most different people, from villagers to prison inmates to famous academics and writers. She knows how to behave adequately in various kinds of situations and how to find common language with almost anyone, and therefore anywhere she always seems natural and appropriate.
Since HUXLEY tells about the events of her life cheerfully and light-heartedly, it sometimes seems to people that this girl does not have problems. Certainly, this not always so, but it, as a rule, she is optimistically disposed and knows how to cheer up others. Moreover, she is always ready to tell anything interesting, raising people’s mood and dispelling boredom.
She loves feeling energized, to feel that she is necessary to others, to demonstrate optimism and endurance. The girl of this type, in spite of her seeming brittleness, can stand up for herself and for others. She will not yield before an insolent or rude person, if she sees that he is transgressing on the rights of a weaker defenseless person or her own rights. Awareness of her own rightness in such situations imparts into her amazing strength and makes her literally obsessed. You should not doubt that in such situations she will always overcome the offender and put him in his place.
Example from real life: “Some driver not only made an incorrect maneuver on the road but also a rude gesture to a girl of HUXLEY type who was driving beside him. Perhaps he thought that it will come off his hands! Enraged by this situation, the girl started to yell at him and throw various objects into his window (applies and candy that she had at hand), and then she started chasing him down in her car. She chased him across entire city for 40 minutes, completely forgetting about her own plans. Eventually she managed to block his way when he was leaving the gas station. He climbed out of his car (of course, by his own carelessness!) and at this moment she ran up to him and told him “You’re horrible man! Filthy bastard!” and slapped him across his face. Then she got into her car and drove out of station, while her offender was left watching, dumbfounded by what had transpired.”
At social gatherings, HUXLEY woman usually does not claim the center of attention, but supports the merriment, laughs at jokes, actively socializes with everyone. You will not come into her favor if you spread out your feathers, start pouring jokes, rushing around her in circles, and showering her with compliments. She likes somewhat slow and not very talkative guys, who sit in the distant corner of the sofa with an air of inaccessibility. HUXLEY girls love their skepticism, their sober line of thought, their inconspicuous looks.
Frivolous relation to almost everything in first half of their life and pursuit of countless possibilities make HUXLEY women unlikely to strive for serious union early in their life. This is also compounded by the fact that they mature late in life, remaining young, careless girls in their soul for long period of time, though well brought up and reasonable. Often it happens that their early unions quickly fall apart. If their love story is deep and serious, and their chosen one proves to be a sufficiently heavy anchor to hold down HUXLEY, then family life is completely possible. But usually this happens closer to the second half of this girl’s life.
HUXLEY girls easily enter into the psychological contact with the opposite sex and sometimes they seem very accessible. From almost the first hour of acquaintance, they feel the prospects for relations, and if something is not to their liking, they can easily adjust the distance. Then flirting and friendship with the man continues, but closer approach does not occur, which frequently puzzles representatives of the opposite sex.
In family life, HUXLEY women are tolerant, reasonable, yielding. Of course, she doesn’t really like to take care of the household, especially to cook daily, but from time to time you can count on her organizing and cleaning the house and making a hot meal, because she does love her husband and tries to take care of him. However, it is not always easy for her, because she starts many things at once with enthusiasm, but does not take all of them to completion. It is difficult for her to isolate the main thing, thus often the most important tasks may remain undone.
Cooking for the most part she does not like. She can take it up for pleasure, to create something original and show off her culinary skill. But daily chores tire her out. If domestic responsibilities turn into mundane humdrum, and nobody pays attention to her efforts and doesn’t praise her, for her this is very difficult situation.
Frequently because of her enthusiasm concerning all possible new culinary trends, she will astonish you by novel dishes. You are doomed to try out all kinds of meals: supper without soup, soup without supper, fruit salads, exotic spices, and dishes from other countries and nationalities. This allows her to entertain herself while cooking at least a little bit, as well as entertain you and introduce something new into the process of food preparation.
Besides that, your wife loves to read and talk about all possible health improvement procedures. Sometimes she even tries them on herself, just as different diets. But do not be frightened, if in earnest she became occupied by yoga. This will not last for too long. She will throw this out, when it bores her, and will begin to study something new. In short, with her you will not get bored.
Children also occupy and entertain her. She knows how to be friends with them and to live by their interests, from their very birth to the point when they become adults. It is necessary to keep in mind that it is not easy for her to take care of small children when they are sick. In this situation she may not know what to do. It will be good if you help her out with competent advice or go see a qualified doctor.
But despite the fact that HUXLEY woman is deeply involved in the process of bringing up children, she hardly wants to spend all her time at home with them. She needs new impressions and experiences, thus it is best to not try to dissuade her from going back to her job. It is best to find a compromise in this respect. Starting work, your wife will more often feel tired, however due to change in scenery, overall she will feel better and become happier.
Work is suitable for her if it proves to be interesting, diverse and, if possible, prestigious. Of course, it also must also be somehow connected with people. In this case there is a chance, that HUXLEY will remain with it for a while (especially, if she is also paid well). But money nevertheless is not the main thing (HUXLEYs have a weak sense of property). Women of this type can make a decision, then suddenly leave somewhere else, where things are more interesting and there are more prospects. To do the same thing each day entire life is difficult for them, while new possibilities always draw them in, promising novelty of impressions.
At work, woman of this type act sufficiently disciplined, although, as do the men, they prefer flexible schedules. Indeed, as they think, there should be free time for the realization of the numerous ideas, which they are constantly coming up with.
The important component part of the work for HUXLEY is social contact. Women of this type, as a rule, are benevolently disposed with respect to the majority of colleagues, create around themselves a positive atmosphere, and are not fascinated by gossip and intrigue. If someone isn’t feeling well, they are always ready to show moral support.
SLI (Gabin)
¶
Male Portrait, ISTp (Si,Te)
¶
The SLI man is relaxed, thorough, and impenetrably calm. He produces an impression of a manly and restrained person, possessing a deep sense of self-worth. He typically has an excellent aesthetic taste and selects convenient, inconspicuous clothing: often dark grey and dark blue sweaters and shirts of calm tones.
GABIN tends to be solidly built, with sluggish movements, somewhat lazy. He likes to adopt positions where he is half-sitting and half-lying down. As soon as an opportunity presents itself, he will immediately adopt the pose optimal for restfulness, in which he can relax and be at ease.
In a calm state, he appears to be submerged into himself, with a serious look on his face, noticing little of what is transpiring around him, especially when he is working. However, somehow he still manages to see everything. If you approach him reluctantly, he will slowly raise his eyes with phlegmatic, melancholy expression. It may even seem that he isn’t living, but suffering.
With someone he doesn’t know, it is difficult for him to find a suitable topic for conversation. However, if you initiate a discussion, GABIN will considerately and comprehensively commentate and answer your questions. Usually, he speaks quietly, trying not to attract excess attention.
GABIN’s smile, as a rule, is not displayed for everyone, but only to people who are close and familiar to him. It makes his austere, unemotional face appear unusually endearing.
In the childhood, the boy of this type is often distinguished by good physical training. He is adroit and mobile. He feels at ease during lessons of gymnastics or martial arts. Trainings gives him great pleasure, since his body is so obedient to him. His interests often include modeling, and generally anything where he has to work with hands, since he tends to be very skillful at handwork.
Boys of this type usually study well, although it seems that they do so with much unwillingness, as if from under a stick. There is a persistent impression that GABIN has to do his homework through force, fighting (at times even successfully) with his infinite laziness. Sometimes he loses this struggle, and then, especially in the upper classes, his education goes down the drain.
In principle, GABIN is assiduous, sensible, and capable of achieving good results, especially in natural and precise sciences. But the acclaim of being a honorary student rarely appeals to him.
With age, GABIN enjoys systematic exercise and sport increasingly less, although from time to time can entertain himself with lifting some weights.
Men of this type are observant, possess an ironic mind and an unobtrusive, refined sense of humor, although they are not willing to show this for just anyone. GABIN overall is not very demonstrative and prefers a sufficiently secluded, calm life far away from people, the noise, the fuss, and all the possible calamities.
GABIN exists as if outside of current culture. He is unusually critical of everything, retains his own point of view, and is difficult to influence by advertisements or other manifestations of popular culture. Clubbing, senseless noisy gathering with many unknown people where no one can hear anyone else, do not draw youths of this type.
Another matter is a social gathering with familiar people, where he feels himself valued and loved, a small corporate party for example. Here GABIN can even take initiative and proceed to entertain guests, or, at least, he will try to support the general atmosphere of celebration.
Not every girl is able to entice distrustful GABIN. First, he does not believe that he can be attractive to someone. Second, rarely everyone succeeds in awakening any enthusiasm or interest in him - indeed GABIN, as a rule, does not hurry anywhere. Behind his courageous, solid appearance hides impossible shyness and indecisiveness. His understanding of relationships is poor, thus he does not see when he should show initiative and when it’s unnecessary. So that everything is simple and not as terrifying, he may prefer to not take any initiative at all. Instead, he chooses to fill himself with mysteriousness to excite curiosity in others by his absence.
Relations with GABIN usually happen accidentally - he himself does not understand where they came from and how they originated. He is capable of falling in love from a distance, only by eyes, observing the person who randomly captured his heart for a long time. In this case, being a contemplator by his nature, he can spend months and even years in this state and not take any action.
A story from real life of male GABIN: “I was studying in medical school, and one girl seemed very attractive to me. And I walked around and looked at her, and for entire 6 years I continued liking her. And the next 2 years of residency as well. Then I finished with school. After some time I called her and asked her to marry me. She agreed. Thus we became married.”
GABIN is reserved (because he is easily wounded), and does not like to put his feelings on display for strangers. Fact is that he is not so confident in himself, as it may seem. Learn to give praise and support to your partner, then he will more easily manage his life, and will feel somewhat better about himself.
GABIN can only fit one relationship per unit of time, therefore he usually does not have many real relationships. If he suddenly discovers that his thoughts and his heart are occupied by a new person, he easily closes the old chapter of his life and begins from a new, blank page without many pangs of conscience. Memories of the past, as a rule, leave him indifferent because he lives by the present day.
If GABIN has married, then he can keep his family for a long period of time, sometimes for life. For this he has to be sufficiently comfortable - then laziness will dissuade him from changing anything. In addition, he fears that new life might be worse than his current life. He cannot foresee such things. In family life, the most difficult part for him is explication and analysis of relations, scandals, tears. Don’t forget that the soft and benevolent GABIN can also become very austere and insensitive. If anything is not to his liking, he will, without any ceremonies, inform you about it with a concealed but distinctive threat in his voice. You will understand then that he is not going to repeat himself twice. During such moments, it is better not to argue with him, since his anger is usually short-lived. Though he is jealous and touchy, simultaneously he can also be very sympathetic.
Among GABINs there are those who choose a single partner for their entire life (if man of this type is lucky enough to meet that woman, whom he can love his entire life). If the relationship with GABIN is built on trust, then it will be solid and lasting. This helps him to periodically be in a good mood, to feel as a close friend of his wife (or girlfriend) and care after her. In such cases, GABIN is exceptionally trusting and open, and experienced sincere comfort of the soul and happiness. So that this lasts, he is capable of much.
Children in the family of GABIN usually enjoy the patronage of their father. He is not petty and condescending to them. Frequently, he grows attached to them and makes friends with them, trying to teach them anything useful.
With housework, he is industrious and does a lot of work with his hands. At home his snobbery is manifested in him giving preference to expensive, beautiful things. He loves all possible mechanisms, that can make his life more convenient and comfortable.
Being practical, GABIN, both at home and at work, does only that which is actually needed and which will bring concrete benefit. He is not inclined to squander his resources and is an expert at estimating the relationship between price and quality of goods. He also knows, how much time and labor will be required to earn the sum necessary for acquisition.
The results of such calculations frequently indicate that it’s not even worth it to start anything. In short, GABIN lives according to the principle of saving energy, i.e. he tries not to make more, but instead to reduce his needs to the minimum, in order to expand as little effort as possible. Generally, he prefers so that any work becomes automated, since he does not like to overstrain himself, and never passes the opportunity to exist as long as possible in a state of comfort and rest.
In any undertaking, GABIN lacks the necessary emotional attitude, i.e. enthusiasm; therefore he needs someone who will help him overcome his inertia and inspire him to take on the new matters. Frequently, it is easy to get GABIN moving by suggesting some novel, light enterprise - he loves to feel refreshed by unusual impressions. These enhance his life, make it appear in new light for him, help him avoid the periods of constant boredom and inactivity. Sometimes men of this type quickly get ready and leave for a journey. Some love to go traveling or hiking, reconciling with having to spend time in inconvenience and the absence of comfort for the sake of gaining new impressions, which are necessary for them as fresh air.
For this same reason (GABIN knows himself, how pleasant in life is anything new) he loves to create surprises. Can present anything, which a close person has dreamed about for a long time, or unexpectedly do something pleasant for them. He himself in such cases is no less glad than the recipient of his gifts and favors. He loves to sometimes unexpectedly arrive at a place, where, to his knowledge, his dear woman will be present at this very moment. And to shine with happiness, that now he will gladden her by its his appearance.
Although GABIN is lazy, he will never become penniless. Moreover, the work, which he selects for himself, is usually something serious, that requires from him both high level of professional skill and expertise, and ability to make independent decisions. Both of these qualities are usually present in abundance in him. GABINs make for good doctors, physical therapists, economists, architects, computer specialists, natural scientists, and movie directors.
However, besides the business aspects, human relations at work are exceptionally important for GABIN. He monitors them carefully. It is necessary for him that he is loved, valued, and praised. As a result of his constant (but almost imperceptible) efforts in this direction, GABIN usually occupies the role of everyone’s favorite in a group.
Female Portrait, ISTp (Si,Te)
¶
As a rule, solidly built, sometimes even portly, woman of this type is distinguished by certainty. Looking at her, one may think that she knows her worth (though she herself will not have a set opinion on this).
Her face is usually rounded. In restful state, representatives of this type have a dull gaze, directed as if into themselves, and lowered corners of lips. In her eyes, there are notes of forgiving skepticism and constant readiness for irony.
Usually, GABENKA is calm, unhurried, serious, tempered. Even if her figure is not very stately, nevertheless one cannot not notice beautiful flexibility in her movements, permeated by lazy graciousness. She holds herself akin to royalty - this is her natural state. For her to the greatest degree is inherent a sense of self-respect. She full-fledgedly occupies the space necessary for her and demands according treatment.
Benevolence and restraint are two of SLI woman’s traits that stand out upon first acquaintance. She slowly familiarizes herself with her conversation partner, observes how he or she acts and behaves, assesses whether this person can be trusted. At the same time, on her imperturbable face you will see no excess advances - only most necessary politeness.
GABENKA dresses sensibly, neatly, and beautifully, irrespective of her available resources. Her clothing is picked to be high-quality, practical, and convenient. She prefers dark, calm tones. No flashy or bright colors or unthinkable combinations. Clothing on her sits very harmoniously. She picks successful combinations with her figure, her hair and eye color, as well as the occasion and the weather outside.
Despite the fact that GABENKA is of introverted nature, and is not too interested in people, she enjoys talking and laughing with her close friends and good familiars. Frequently, she herself sets a witty, ironic tone to the conversation, successfully cheering up her friend or work colleagues. Conversations with her friends, during a personal encounter or over the telephone, can last for hours. She also likes to occasionally invite her friends over to her place. She derives pleasure from such evenings, where she is at the center of attention, barely applying any efforts toward it (hopefully, at this point you did not think that GABENKA can take upon herself the functions of a mass organizer-motivator! And you thought right.)
In childhood and adolescence, GABENKA successfully learns in school, giving preference to subjects such as natural sciences, mathematics, and literature. She is sufficiently diligent in lower classes, although gradually, as the material becomes harder and the need to do homework regularly becomes more pertinent, she begins to tire of school. As a rule, she studies without much enthusiasm, although conscientiously. Physical education classes do not attract her, and sports rarely draw her in. In puberty, she often becomes intractable and obstinate, can decide to do things her own way if she is forced to do something that she does not like. To predict her behavior at this point is usually very difficult. When this happens, you simply learn later what she has done.
A story from real life: “Young GABENKA was on a vacation with her parents. Once it happened that she has fainted in the sun and had to be hospitalized. After running some tests, her doctor was seriously worried and told her mother that she will need to stay at the hospital for at least a week, to run some more extensive tests and decide on the treatment. Her mother has agreed, but noted “You know, she doesn’t want to stay here, she will leave anyways.” On the next day, when the doctor in attendance came by her room in the morning, she was missing.”
In exactly the same manner, she can act with respect to her studies. If for some reason it seems to her that continuing with school will not give her anything, she may decide to drop out. To counter this decision will be very complicated, if not impossible. However, here much depends on how well her parents taught her discipline in childhood.
The main difficulty in dealing with GABENKA (both for the parents and for others) lies in the fact that she is always sure of the correctness of her behavior and listens to no one else. For everything she has her own opinion and does not need the advice of others. In short, to influence her is practically impossible, just as to force her to do something that she didn’t want to do.
For the same reason, with her it is sufficiently difficult to come into good favor. If you become acquainted with this girl, pay attention to how easily she catches on to your jokes, how rapidly she responds to them with sharp, ironic observations. You will never succeed in cornering her in conversation, because she is clever, resourceful, and ingenious.
So that the acquaintance would transpire successfully, it is necessary to know some of her peculiarities. Lets start from her from her haughty appearance and skeptical treatment of everything - indeed, at the first glance, this may scare some away from her. However, don’t be misled by her external inaccessibility and haughty demeanor. In reality, she is inclined to a certain degree of adventurism. She quickly becomes responsive to thoughts of new possibilities and proposals of small adventures, into which she may fully submerge herself and thus make for a good traveling companion. True, if there is no friend close to her, she will not show initiative herself. She absolutely needs someone who can excite and mobilize her, and will joyfully hop along, inspiring her with enthusiasm.
Besides her love for adventure and the longing for new impressions, she sincerely believes in the fact that in the life absolutely anything can occur. Certainly, she will in every way possible deny this, demonstrating her the impenetrable skepticism with respect to everything in this world, but in the depths of her soul she believes in miracles. So if you want to please her, boldly open up before her new possibilities and prospects, surprise her by unexpected (but pleasant) changes in relations.
What she absolutely does not enjoy are hoaxes and pranks, since she does not find them funny. Thus, don’t give into temptation to tell her that her entire back is white. This will not inspire any reaction, except bewilderment and doubts in your mental abilities.
Most of all, this girl values comfort. So don’t ask her to come with you somewhere out to wilderness, where, as it might seem to you, it would be very romantic to live together in tents and feed the mosquitoes. Consider also that she is exceptionally demanding of quality of food, so she will hardly be attracted to the idea of eating canned and dried food for the entire vacation.
If you invite GABENKA to a restaurant, observe how thoroughly she studies the menu, how she inspects new dishes with suspicion. For them, it is also characteristic to smell the dishes that were brought to the table, and only then taste them. Even only then, if she liked the smell. Let us also note that this girl never gobbles up food, no matter how hungry she is. She will nonchalantly sit at the table and maintain long, witty, leisurely conversation, and only then, as if by accident, she will begin to accurately eat, without drawing anyone’s attention to this process.
All of this are only the external behaviors of your friend. Within her inner world, everything is considerably more complex. It is useful to know that this closed off and unemotional woman at first sight is capable of longing for love for years, experiencing steadfast, platonic feelings towards her chosen partner. However, it is characteristic for her to not undertake anything, and if the chance never presents itself, her beloved will never learn about her feelings for him.
One thing that she will do, when she wants someone to attract someone, is start to dress especially well and to more thoroughly apply her make-up. She gives so much attention to clothing and cosmetics, and her appearance in general, that she may attain unthinkable perfection. And then she waits. If, for a period of many months, nothing happened, she tells herself: “This means it wasn’t destined!” [translator’s note: this kind of assessment may very well be due to the fact that SLIs of both genders have vortical-synergetic thinking style: link]
If in your case everything transpired otherwise, and you managed to get introduced to this girl and capture her interest, then do not think that your adventures end here.
You must consider that the currents of emotions, feelings, and experiences make their way into the depths of her soul with mush difficulty. Their paths are completely inscrutable. This girl can for a long time ignore the attraction existing between you and not respond to your feelings, making it look like there exists nothing between you (sometimes she will indeed be clueless about this). But if you, after all, manage to wake up love in her, it can turn into a serious passion.
This, however, does not stop her from holding her partner at a significant distance and trying him out via tests. Thus she regulates the distance and, and by this, freely or involuntarily, attains strengthening of passions. In the process of courting, be prepared to accomplish constant heroic acts in everyday life - carry her bags, repair things, set up TV and audio systems, move furniture, hang pictures, and so on. For this you will receive meager appreciation, similar to a tsarist favor. She indeed does not think that you’re doing something out of the ordinary (how could you think that?!)
When the troubles of the courting period are over, and GABENKA becomes your wife, then here she shows herself from the best side. She is, in fact, reliable, responsible, and industrious; additionally, she has her own signature in managing the household.
Whatever is the income of your family, GABENKA will always find the possibility to live well even on very modest means. Even in this case, members of her family, and she herself, will look clean and tidy. Clothing may be acquired from second-hand stores, but it will always be in the order - no discolored or torn blouses, no stretched football shirts, no jeans or pants with holes on the knees. She has a well developed sense of aesthetics and her proclivity toward the beauty and tidiness never allow her to drop the mark.
With respect to food, what is characteristic for GABENKA is certain minimalism that manifests as her doing everything economically, quickly and tastefully. She is too lazy to spend a long time at the stove, but she always knows how to reduce this time and preserve her efforts. If GABENKA has a job, then she, as a rule, will have a regimen of on-duty dishes for every day, which would be simple to prepare in short period of time. On holidays you can expect some more variety of dishes, since she usually knows how to cook very well.
To children woman of this type relates related to as to friends, although at times she is rather strict. They rarely are spoiled, because they are presented with well-defined and very stringent demands. It is possible to say that GABENKA is a strict, demanding mother, who, when in the calm state, can show sympathy and humanism.
Women of this type make for very good workers. They are reliable, critical, assiduous, and know how to drive any project to its completion. Frequently, women of this type become engineers, economists, doctors, directors, and managers. It is possible to meet them where it is necessary to work by hands - in the barbershops, in studios, among repair workers.
Female representatives of this type (as well as male) often have a special talent for working with words. Many of them who received normal education know how clearly express their thoughts both verbally and in writing. They understand well not only the sense of that is written, but also the beauty of style. For this very reason they often make for excellent editors and writers.
At whatever job GABENKA works, her boss always knows two things about her: she has high qualification, and that it is possible to rely on her as a colleague. Although, the at the same time, her boss will also find out that her character is rather complex - independent, variable, obstinate. In any case, it quickly becomes clear that GABENKA cannot be lured into doing overtime work.
The co-workers whom GABENKA chosen for her favorites (usually she has only 1-2 real friends) love and value her. The role of the main favorite of the group greatly appeals to GABENKA, and frequently she succeeds in this. It is possible to have a talk with her on the most interesting topics.
By the way, one of the main “aces” of GABENKA, with the aid of which she successfully entertains those around her, are all possible esoteric systems of divination. Giving these her consideration, over time she becomes very knowledgeable in tarot reading, astrological forecasts, feng shui, object divination and similar other systems. They help her glimpse into the future, about which she has very vague idea.
LSE (Stierlitz)
¶
Male Portrait, ESTj (Te,Si)
¶
You can recognize SHTIRLITS by his confident, practical demeanor. He has a courageous, strained bearing, usually takes up sport and takes care of his appearance. As a rule, men of this type prefer short haircuts. Their facial features are distinct, symmetrical, their gaze looks solid. He makes an impression of respectable, imposing man, always dressed well and shaved cleanly. Sometimes you can meet SHTIRLITS dressed in looser clothing, such as sweaters, but he looks most naturally in a tie and a suit.
Upon first acquaintance, SHTIRLITS produces a solid impression and seems benevolent and affable. However, as soon as conversation comes to work and distribution of tasks, he converts into a serious, organized, determined manager, and his expression turns from smiling to austere.
In childhood, boy of this type is solid, clever, and thorough. He acquires knowledge slowly but surely. Anything that was put into his head will remain there forever, but the process of mastering new material transpires slowly for him. This child is more practically oriented, and therefore theoretical studies usually do not find a response in his soul. However, where it is necessary to do experiments or make something by hands, his interest will know no bounds. He loves to see when his work produces benefit directly, and will not simply preoccupy himself with esoteric material.
Any subjects yield themselves to child of this type. He is assiduous and has a well developed feeling of responsibility, and this allows him to study well, especially if his studies are necessary for something.
Because they have good coordination, boys of this type typically succeed in sports, especially in those kinds which demand good reaction time and high speed.
SHTIRLITS is also very sociable, in childhood as well as in adulthood. He participates readily in what goes around him and strives to be useful and helpful in his own manner.
A story from real life: “When I worked as a camp leader, there was an unpleasant incident that occurred with a girl from neighboring camp. She went to go for a walk in the fields with a guy from the camp, and it ended such that the he nearly raped her. As soon as I learned about this, I immediately found her as she has returned from the field in stressed condition - and tried to provide her with help. In these cases, it is needed that the person calms down. Therefore it is needed that he or she relaxes. I did everything that was required: let her talk her heart out, then made her hot tea and directed her to the bed.”
He is not much interested in people, but friendship is very important for him, moreover, he does not shy from participating in large social gatherings. Especially if the group gathers according to some tradition or holiday, such as birthday, anniversary, international women’s day or a recurrent fishing trip. Even if the meeting transpires on his territory, he, as a rule, takes management into his own hands. In such events, all the toasts will be said, quality food will be offered, and all the corresponding jokes and anecdotes will be told. SHTIRLITS willingly participates in the celebration, consciously or unconsciously helping to organize it.
The kind of woman that he marries he will select for himself. It is difficult to influence or manipulate him in this respect, because he is a person of exceptionally sound reason who solidly stands on ground with his own two feet. He can only be subtly and delicately directed towards a decision, which he will make after he thinks everything through. Most of all, he values decency, delicacy of manner, good upbringing, and finesse of the soul. The most valuable that you can offer him is good relations. Specially, the ability of a woman to maintain good relations with him, as well as with his friends, evokes a flow of warm feelings in him and appreciation for her.
Men of this type prescribe to traditional values, such as home, family, children. They try to attain solid position for themselves. If SHTIRLITS has married, then most certainly he has not done it for a short duration. As a husband, he is one of the most reliable and most thoughtful men. Not only does he earn money, but also worries about the household chores and matters. At his home you will not find burnt out lamps or broken electrics. Being a designer by nature, SHTIRLITS will create a fashionable and elegant interior for his home that will rival the work of a professional.
Because this man is a food gourmand, he also seriously and responsibly relates to food. Thus, try to ensure that he has quality and diversity in his meals. Sometimes he himself with pleasure will cook for his family, especially on holidays, and it will be always very tasty.
In your conversations with your LSE husband, try to forgo themes connected with future prospects. Do not discuss with him, how he sees the future of your relations, when he wants to have children, how long it will take to purchase new condominium or summer house. Curiosity may get the better of you, but such conversations are distasteful to him. Although he will take on a clever look and mysteriously keep silent, you must know that he and himself does not know when all this will happen. In such cases, what can he say to you? He does not want to drop his merit in your eyes!
As fathers, male LSEs are strict and demanding, but patiently train their children to appreciate order and organization. They are also not indifferent to the successes of their children in school. He will without fail ensure that his son or daughter receive higher education after finishing school.
Bossy and responsible, SHTIRLITS has a talent for keeping up the ideal order in his house as well as in his workplace. He also loves and knows how to show care for his close ones, as well as for his co-workers or subordinates. If you need qualified advice concerning topics such as health or food or home maintenance, ask SHTIRLITS. But only during work breaks, because when he is working it is best not to distract him.
If SHTIRLITS is your boss (men and women of this type commonly rise to management positions), then from you he will demand that you correctly follow the procedures. He always knows what needs to be done, and how to do it, and is ready to explain to others what responsibilities lie under their jurisdiction. However, he is often too direct and may sound rough. With this he risks to offend his co-workers and subordinates. In hearts, can even yell at someone. So if you don’t want to have any trouble with him, simply do not give this much attention. This is simply how he is.
Behind circumstantiality of SHTIRLITS, there is always a need to bring order, first in his thoughts, and only then take action. Thus, first provide him with required information, then give him time to absorb the conditions of the problem. Most importantly, don’t hurry him, don’t knock him from his course by bringing additional information, don’t disturb him while he is thinking. Order in everything for SHTIRLITS is an absolutely necessary thing. And remember - no hurry and no fussing!
If you, however, have managed to knock him off his track, then wait for reprimands corroborated by formal logic. You will receive them in full. “On what basis have you decided that you can do this? What facts or documents that confirm your assertions?” or something of this kind. If things have come to this, don’t argue, you will not succeed in convincing him in such moments. Postpone the conversation until later time.
In professional sense, SHTIRLITS is suitable for work practically anywhere where work requires realistic knowledge, high qualification, and that implies responsibility. They make for excellent architects, designers, pharmacists, surgeons, stomatologists, businessmen, chemists, physics, publishers, and so forth. But it is best that they do not engage in psychology.
Female Portrait, ESTj (Te,Si)
¶
Girls of this type are notable, good looking, and hold themselves respectably. Their solidness and good carriage catch an eye. They have the strong, well formed bodies, the needs of which they feel wonderfully well. They take care of themselves, keeping themselves healthy and ensuring the necessary care. They also approach their appearance in professional manner: skillfully apply make-up, tidily assemble their hair, carefully select their clothing, preferring qualitative and expensive sets. They do not forget the accessories, which always look prestigious.
These women never seem absurd. They hold themselves calmly, confidently, with merit. They sit conveniently, stand looking pulled up and organized, and have good motor coordination. Their arms and legs never fly away into different sides, and they do not bump into the furniture.
SHTIRLITS women are active, busy, it is possible to say that they are untiring. This is due to the fact that they are always able to estimate the nature and the volume of work. They know how to organize it. They know how to distribute physical and mental load, when it is time to rest, never work themselves to exhaustion.
In the childhood these are organized, obedient girls. They know their responsibilities and are characterized by being methodical and perseverant in the achievement of their objectives. They have willful character and laziness is not characteristic of them. Their parents can completely rely upon them if extra income for the family is required or younger children need to be taken care of.
Studies do not present much of a problem for them, because they approach it responsibly. Even young girls of this type are embodiment of tidiness - their notebooks are arranged correctly, their homework is turned in in time. They are equally skilled in humanitarian subjects and in the sciences. Preference is given to one of the directions in accordance with the inclinations and talents in one or other area.
They are frequently occupied by sport or dances, achieving good results. Regular physical exercise brings them pleasure.
With all her serious and critical relation to the life, SHTIRLITS woman is not completely dull. She excellently manages her emotions, especially at first meetings, she is often smiling and affable. She always willingly supports company, laughs in response to your jokes, and this makes contact with her very pleasant.
After being introduced to the girl of this type, try to demonstrate your good relation to her. Boldness does not greatly interest her in the man - money and position in the society she will inevitability obtain herself. But refinement of partner, his attention to her internal world, politeness in interaction, she will estimate with highest mark.
At home, representative of this type make for some of the best homemakers. Relatives can count on SHTIRLITS woman’s irreproachable taste, that enables her to make any dwelling comfortable, beautiful, and convenient for the life. Creatively and skillfully she designs a harmonious interior, where each thing is located on its place, where there is nothing in excess, all objects are selected by color, texture, and size. Here nothing is scattered, there are no unpainted plinths, torn blinds, or peeled window-sills. Briefly, in her house it is pleasant to spend time.
Example from life: “No, I do not have ideal order. But my apartment has zones - in the drawing room, in the office, in the bathroom there is always order. My husband and I are busy people, work a lot; therefore if friends suddenly come by in the evening to visit us, we are only glad by this. Indeed you cannot have guests, if everywhere things are scattered. But in the bedroom anything is allowed. Kitchen is a special zone. There can remain after breakfast dirty dishes - we do not always keep up. But I consider that this is normal, it can happen. In relation to everything else I say this: the more you misplace things - the more the time you will spend on ordering them again.”
Besides this SHTIRLITS woman is a splendid cook. She selects the highest quality products, cooks diverse and tasteful dishes, never asking for praises for this work. Everything is done simply and naturally, rapidly and tastefully, within the shortest time, right after work. However, Sunday dinners or suppers with guests are always accompanied by unusual surprises on the table and constitute a real celebration of taste.
Children of women of this type, because of their efforts and diligence, are always washed, fed, and well dressed. She will also make sure that the child would learn well. And at the same time women of this type are inclined to hyper-caring. They poorly feel when it is necessary to grant certain freedom and independence to their child. They are too diligent in providing care for their husband and children. And if this doesn’t hurt the husband and is even pleasant for him, then for children such approach can make them grow up dependent and spoiled. At some point SHTIRLITS woman must understand that it is time to stop.
However, precisely time is her weak place; therefore development stages of child, attainment of adulthood, and other themes, connected with the course of time, she perceives poorly. Only because of organization and precision she succeeds in compensating for her failures in this area, and then, only if the discussion deals with simple things, for example, the tendency to not be late.
Family for the women of this type is of special, very important value. And within 10-12 years it becomes evident that things aren’t going well with her husband, SHTIRLITS woman, as a rule, leaves and marries again.
If someone thought that this woman is a dear hostess, ready to sit at home and to bustle about around the stove, then they poorly understand the female representative of SHTIRLITS type. Female LSEs are just as successful as their male counterparts. They are reliable colleagues, responsible, and executive. She usually becomes a professional of high class, and, as a rule, builds a splendid career, alongside the fact that her family is never is neglected or poorly supported at the same time. In short, if among your colleagues there is a young girl SHTIRLITS, you can be calm and entrust to her any important functions, which you consider possible to assign to her. She will manage with everything.
Women of this type successfully work in the most different fields, and their creative self-realization can occur in the same spheres of activity as in men.
EII (Dostoevsky)
¶
Male portrait, INFj (Fi,Ne)
¶
Young male INFj is modest, tactful, and delicate, an avid reader and generally an intellectual. Most frequently he has a slender build. He has a quiet voice, gentle gaze, affectionate smile and an elaborate system of thoughts. Often men of this type have long hair, and sometimes tie it in a tail. He does not give clothing adequate consideration, considering that this is not the main point of life. He is dressed, as a rule, very modestly. Nevertheless, rare men of this type can be dandies, devoting a lot of time and money to their appearance.
When you speak to male INFj it seems like the conscience itself is staring into your eyes. He has a gift for understanding people. He is sympathetic, capable of feeling for other’s misfortunes as if they are his own, and of comforting them after sharing in their low moods. One can trust him, as he will never go against the interests of people who are close to him.
In school, boys of this type usually are inconspicuous and quiet. They are friendly with other children in the class and always ready to empathize with any student, be they friend or just a classmate. But they are not arrogant - they do not participate in fights and do not compete for leadership. They know how to find common language practically with any children. Boys of this type learn well and can display interest in technical subjects. Nevertheless they are usually more interested in relationships and are greatly occupied by the personal life of classmates, which they often quietly observe from the side, and idealistically think about them, about everything that occurs. Their experiences they then describe in verses or prose, to which they regularly devote some time.
In choosing college and major, they show an inclination towards humanitarian sciences:
From real life: “We had class with him (DOSTOYEVSKY) in the philological department. He preferred to sit at the back of the classroom, but not to talk and fool around or copy homework from others. Fussing wasn’t in his style. Instead of taking notes he was frequently finishing up writing his poems, reading Remarque under the desk, doodling and sketching clouds. Sometimes he would suddenly awaken and ask of the instructor completely appropriate questions. I do not remember him ever answering inopportunely, when he was called to the board. He always found what to answer. However, his studious activity did not last for more than five minutes. He also never had sufficient patience to learn all material for examination.
Light carelessness and quiet cheerfulness describe his style of contact well. Words- parasites were not in his lexicon. He did not tell common anecdotes and did not cite Fomenko (Russian comedian).
I once had an opportunity to be let into his inner world. I realized that beneath his external lightheartedness he had a tendency toward strict self-criticism. In private he could blame himself for hours because of his idleness or regret an incorrectly said word “.
Among the representatives of this type we can encounter such heroes who get accepted to The Baumanskiy Institute (second hardest university to get into in Russia, akin to Yale) and even graduate with high honors.
Sports, especially in childhood, usually do not interest boys of this type. Although, having grown up and obtained a more muscular body, they can be drawn to yoga, martial arts, cross-country skiing, and other types of sports, which require speed and fast reaction time. They make an exception of sports that require application of force, where aggressiveness is the main factor, where one needs to fight and collide with opponents.
In spite of his quiet nature and tendency for secluded existence, young INFj male loves people, and with pleasure meets and spends time with them. Boys of this type can also be found in groups of friends, but even there they prefer to associate face to face, turn by turn with everyone who sparks an interest in them or to whom they become attached. Male INFj’s character is often soft and reasonable, thus he is usually very responsive to initiative shown by the opposite sex. He behaves as a gallant cavalier; he jokes and tries to uphold soft, non-obliging merriment. By the way, a representative of this type is often witty and ingenious, so can be seen by ladies as a very interesting partner. Concerning him particularly, he is most of all pleased by the serious, decisive, reasonable girls, who always know what they want and who can also advise what needs to be done in different situations.
Youths of this type make for gentle husbands. They are thoughtful and friendly; there is little to none aggressiveness in them. And still they know how to maintain in the household an atmosphere supplemented by soft humor. However, one should know that, being reasonable and gentle, INFj male is also extremely persistent in his nature and is capable of quietly, but persistently following his own rules. He can argue with you, but won’t do it, and at the same time he won’t step back from his principles. Nevertheless, he is usually non-combative and tries to avoid open confrontations. To him it is more simple to joke back, to transfer the quarrel into the humorous course, especially since he is usually so good with this.
Male INFjs use the same tactic around children. He is a benevolent friend and educator, sufficiently pedantic, but is humane. He will not only help with studying, but also teach how to respectfully relate to others, at the same time not conceding on one’s high goals or losing one’s spiritual orientation in life. Men of this type are strongly tied to their children, and if he leaves the house for a long time he will miss them.
In dealing with relatives, INFj men are extremely patient. However, if you nevertheless managed to offend him, then his gentle demeanor and full of melancholy, lowered eyes, cannot but evoke the proper impression in you. There is little doubt that at this moment you more than anything in this world will want to fall through the earth, and you will feel very apologetic about your wrongful actions or words.
Since people of INFj type love and know how to live according to a plan, they make for outstanding and very reliable workers. They are punctual, sufficiently thorough in their work, and very responsible. Men of this type have a bleeding heart for the common cause. Their abilities find use in a variety of fields, from the humanitarian sphere to the technical occupations. Frequently they work as teachers in schools, professors or lectures in colleges, editors, journalists. One can encounter among the people of this type those, who professionally work in chemistry. They can also work as engineers or designers. They are often successful in role of a psychologist.
Their qualities make possible it for them to fill special niche in groups. Colleagues usually love and respect them for their tolerance, their readiness to listen and to understand everybody, as well as for their responsive and acquiescent nature.
Female portrait, INFj (Fi,Ne)
¶
Quiet, affable, even gentle - such characteristics come to mind when the discussion turns to girls and women of INFj type. Their faces most often feature wide cheek-bones, an elegant chin, and iridescent eyes. Some of them continue looking youthful even as they age. Their look is usually warm, gentle, and compassionate. Unimposing, friendly smile frequently appears and lingers on their faces. This girl is always considerate, always ready to listen to others and to support them, and if needed to give repose and comfort and a breath of hope.
Women and girls of this type are very feminine or girly - they are tactful, modest, and even a bit shy. But this doesn’t imply that they lack character and are push-overs. This is completely not the case. Characteristic for them is an unobtrusive, sensitive, yet determined and stoic manner to meet all the adversity and blows of fate.
EIIs may look fragile or loose in their body, and are sometimes a bit stoop-shouldered. They tend to dress modestly and conventionally, not trying to attract particular attention to the way they look. With age, they start to favor dark and discreet hues in clothing.
School life allows them from their childhood years to cultivate diligence and accordance in themselves. These are quiet, assiduous girls, who do not argue with the teachers. Even if they receive an unfair grade, they do not protest, but explain such situations to themselves somehow so that the authority of teacher does not suffer.
In the class this girl, as a rule, has a few best friends, with whom she stands during breaks near a wall and with a quiet voice and with merit she discusses all the events of school life. She does not love to gossip, and tries to evaluate everything objectively, so that there are no guilty or offended parties. This is one of the most considerate girls in the class.
Humanitarian inclinations manifest very prominently in girls of this type. They excel at examining the events and troubles of the personal lives of the characters in literary works, which they have studied according to the class outline, and write some of the best essays in the class. Moreover, they read a lot outside of the assignments, write verses and prose, as a result of which their inner world becomes strongly romanticized. They are, in fact, some of the most dreamy girls in the class.
While most female INFjs do not enjoy sports, they are frequently drawn to dance in their youth. This occupation corresponds to their romantic, lyricist nature. They frequently give preference to ballroom or classical dances.
Representatives of this type almost always graduate and attend a university, since in the school they study well, frequently finishing it with high grades, and generally bestow on their teachers the most pleasant impressions with their excellent upbringing, by holding themselves with dignity and showing themselves in the best light, by their quiet voice, pleasant demeanor, and a good grasp of knowledge. It is best if this girl selects humanitarian subjects for her major.
If you thought that girls of this type never enjoy themselves in social groups, then you are mistaken. But the group must be hers, where she is noted, where others love and value her. There this quiet flower will bloom in its entire splendor towards friendship, love, and good merriment. Understand that she will not appear in groups, where there is cursing and misuse of alcohol. She harbors very high standards for those surrounding her. The man, about whom she dreams, must be reliable, proper, sensible and confident in himself.
When a female INFj becomes your wife, know that in your home there lives a quiet angel. However, in her a feeling of duty is so developed that she will not shun house upkeep duties (cleaning, laundry cooking, and so on). Certainly, she does not love to cook - it is not in this that she sees her vocation. But she will never leave her relatives without food. And if somebody - one of the family members so picky that they want to eat only freshly prepared food, she will cook three times a day. This is in her nature.
She also worries about the health of her relatives, and therefore, diligently writes into her notebook, not only culinary recipes, but also herbal recipes as well as names of most important medicines, which can prove useful for various illnesses.
Not only the husband, but also the parents from both sides, and the children will be engulfed by her warm care and loving manner of relating. She will find time for all, look for occasions to provide her help, and provide affable words appropriate for their situation. She devotes a lot of time to taking care of children. Moreover, she does this with pleasure her entire life. She knows everything about the intricate workings of their souls, about the problems of their internal world. She monitors that they study and learn well. She attempts to develop their abilities and brings them up softly, but with persistence. However, she runs into trouble trying to make serious decisions, such as when it is necessary to decide which school the child will attend or which college to select for him or her. This trouble does not manifest only in relations to children, but in other areas of her life as well. Such that it is best if others undertake such decisions for her. If you are her husband take responsibility for making major decisions in development of your family and she will with pleasure obey you.
From real life of INFj female: “When I read E. Berne’s ‘Games That People Play,’ I thought: which story corresponds the most to my childhood? And I remembered that when I was small, my favorite fairy tale was about the princess who never had to do anything, because by magic everything around her was automatically done. I dream precisely about this, that someone would come and do everything that is necessary, so that entire life I wouldn’t have to do anything.”
Incidentally, this quiet, warm woman makes for one of the most obedient wives. She loves her family with even warming love. But watch that her emotional resources aren’t spent on her girlfriends, who inadvertently will use your wife as a psychotherapist. She will never refuse them herself, of course. Out of compassion. Therefore, it will be best if you take the matter into your own hands and limit the flow of those desiring to obtain psychotherapeutic sessions and useful advice from her.
Women of this type are well suited for any job. They are friendly and dutiful, never quarrel nor ask much for themselves, hoping that they will sooner or later be noted and rewarded. They also consciously avoid participating in intrigues, spreading rumors and talking about someone behind their back.
They make for good teachers, editors, correctors, librarians, psychologists. They are good everywhere where it is necessary to have patience and compassion for people. They can work even as engineers, but often this kind of work does not bring them much satisfaction. However, due to their inherent stoicism, they often will not complain about this. |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/profile_bukalov.html | Socionics Type Descriptions by Bukalov and Boiko¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Socionics Type Descriptions by Bukalov and Boiko
¶
ILE (Don Quixote)
¶
People of this type are discerning of latent possibilities of people, things, objects, ideas, developments and discoveries. They are interested in everything new and unexpected, and generate a lot of ideas. However, it is easier for them to talk of ideas or hypotheses than to implement them into practical development and implementation. They realize this themselves, thus do not hesitate to ask others for help. As a rule, they have a very large circle of acquaintances.
The range of their curiosity is very broad. They tend to read a lot and on different topics. Due to their intuitive submergence, they are quite scattered - may forget things, not to notice a friend, or pass by their stop on public transport. His thoughts and ideas ILE tries to articulate logically, sometimes developing rather sophisticated and interesting theories, which he may use for minor everyday activities as well as for serious research. In this way, for example, Galileo Galilei discovered by logical methods the law of falling bodies, and what we call the principle of Galilean relativity; Karl Marx created the theory of economic relations; Albert Einstein - Theory of Relativity, and Sigmund Freud - his famous theory of psychoanalysis.
Typically, ILE looks calm and relaxed, but in extreme situations becomes mobilized, showing considerable willpower and determination. If he is being threatened, he can deliver a sharp rebuff, which is often surprising to people around him. If he’s playing on a team, by shouts and orders he can mobilize his teammates. Dislikes clarifying and sorting out relationships and conversations on this topic - this irritates him. At times, in the name of reason, tends to ignore the moral demands of society - as Sigmund Freud published his research on sexuality despite the opinion of the public, which has turned away from him.
SEI (Dumas)
¶
People of this type are very perceptive of the world through their subtle sensations. Artistic productions, pictures, architecture, music, paintings, literature - bring up an aesthetic reaction in them. Smells, sounds, images and colors are remembered for a lifetime. A person of this type knows how to “situate” himself in space, how to feel at ease in the most unfavorable conditions, even if this person is a climber who is climbing a mountain or a traveler on a long trip, he seeks to “adapt to the terrain”, and no one better than him is able to find the “sweet spots”. He senses his own condition, as well as the state of people around him. He feels the emotions of other people around him, manipulates these emotions, may say consoling and supporting words, to remove irritability.
ESE (Hugo)
¶
People belonging to this type are usually very emotionally perceive reality - live emotions that often seem to others too intense. “Hugo” sees very emotional state of other people, their mood and feelings. It appreciates the family - it comes first for him. He likes to go to visit and welcomes visitors. “The greatest luxury - Antoine de SentOkzyuperi wrote - it is the luxury of human communication.” In chatting with friends “Hugo” has spared no time. His emotional wildness ( “furious Hugo”) can show Xia and incendiary speech to the audience, and in the fiery verses, and in the all-consuming love.
It is “a strong, cheerful, open-minded person.” Rational and persistent: putting a goal, it seeks to achieve, in spite of any obstacles. Thus, H. Schliemann in childhood set about trying to find the city of Troy, sung by Homer. He grew up, became a merchant, learned many languages, and then organized the expedition-tion. And he found Troy because passionately believed in it. I must say that the humanities disciplines, such as linguistics, in “Hugo” exceptional ability. Engels knew about a dozen European languages. “Hugo”, being engaged in the study of something, is a card file with the words, terms, plans his actions. Among the “Hugo” a lot of revolutionary politics: Camille Desmoulins, George Washington, Sima Bolivar, Che Guevara. “Hugo” loves to create comfort and coziness, lead his home in the aesthetic appearance, likes to work with his hands, perfectly prepared and delicious. It seeks to be aesthetic in words, expressions, movements, dressed as a musketeer Aramis, from the novel by Alexandre Dumas. In dealing with people trying to look like a business man. In “Hugo” is very complicated relationship with time - often late, delayed due to the inability to calculate their actions in time.
LII (Robespierre)
¶
People belonging to this type tend to analyze everything that happens in the world around us. Appreciate the precise, though abstract and logical ideas and strive to create for himself a holistic, complete view of the world as a kind of logical system. Whatever happens, it should be explained, in their opinion, logically. Among the “Cartesian” many philosophers. Here we can recall the great German philosopher, Hegel, his grand system of philosophy. We may recall the Greek philosopher Plato who created his theory of the State in which he revealed his understanding of an ideal society. In this series, we can recall, and other authors of utopias - T. Mora, T. Campanella, also created their own theoretical system of society. “Descartes” considers it necessary to do right, no matter what.
General characteristic of people of this type - to go to the goal of consistently and systematically, despite the impediments. To this type belong and great humanists, scientists, fighters for social justice, Thomas Jefferson, NK Roerich, ID Kurchatov, PL Kapitsa. These include the academician AD Sakharov, who fought until his death for the triumph of the ideals of democracy and humanism, despite any persecution of the totalitarian system. “Descartes” often worried about human relationship problems, he tries to understand them “as, for example, the great German philosopher Immanuel Kant, with his categorical imperative, or NK Roerich (” The Living Ethics “). In a conversation with people,” Descartes’ shows politeness. He does not like to use strong-willed pressure on people and does not tolerate strong-willed pressure from others. All the time giving intellectual work, but quickly tired of diverse physical work.
SLE (Zhukov)
¶
People of this type are well see strong-willed qualities of others and themselves have a well-developed willpower, the ability to achieve their goal. This is good, able to quickly navigate the situation and take the necessary decisions organizers and leaders, based on its logical analysis. Here we can recall Lenin and his “Tips outsider, where the analysis of the situation and set out an action plan for the seizure of power. In this case,” the Great “knows how to arrange people to places and begin to act decisively, breaking and sweeping away all obstacles. It is practical, collected man. He loves to play sports, physical labor.
Witty ridicules people who do not like him. Able, if necessary, create groups for clandestine mafia type, batch, etc. Complete dedication, dedication can achieve success on the way to the goal of “the Great”. Since SP Korolev showed these organizational qualities in the project of space exploration. “Macedonian” always listens carefully to the interlocutor. If the team has a new man - carefully watching him, making of it their own opinions. He listens to the advice of others, how to behave in a particular case, but after analysis of variants act in its own way - something like the principle of “We immediately consulted and I have decided.” He does not like to talk about their feelings openly show them. Among the people of this type are a lot of generals and politicians: S. Razin, E. Pugachev, T. Ermak, Peter 1, Napoleon Bonaparte, Marshal Zhukov, etc.
IEI (Yesenin)
¶
People of this type are characterized by an intuitive daydreaming. Sometimes it’s the thought of a bright future, about distant countries, the various unrealizable, fantastic projects. “Yesenin” feels for a time, but this soft reverie leads to the fact that he was never in a hurry. Sometimes dreams and fantasies lead him to think about how to live a good life in the natural merging with nature as well go back to that state. It wrote JJ Rousseau - a prominent French philosopher, but even earlier, in China, the philosopher Lao Tzu declared human dependence on nature, the need to be in harmony with it, follow the natural rhythms se - law of the Tao. We may recall the most Sergei Yesenin extols the native nature and experiencing in St. Petersburg nostal-ogy for “birch calico fields.” “Yesenin” feels the emotional state of others, very gentle and considerate in communication, more sentimental. Easy “Esenin” smile and the first cosmonaut - Yuri Gagarin. In the family, “Yesenin” if he wants to achieve anything, can use emotional pressure “playing the whole drama with tears, rage and fury. Thus, if the goal is reached, an emotional outburst may cease and be replaced by a calm smile. People of this type, especially women , distinguished elegance, aristocratic clothing, manners, speech and gait. Self initiative to physical labor did not show, but once they do it will say it is easy to begin to cook, wash dishes, etc. “Yesenin” does not like to show their active business skills, ie the “cool”, earning a living.
EIE (Hamlet)
¶
People of this type tend to emotional and sometimes dramatic-mechanical perception of the world. “Hamlet” is able to create and sustain dramatic emotions, while speeches - emotionally electrified atmosphere. Among the people of this type are many excellent actors (Charlie Chaplin, Oleg Dal), playwrights (William Shakespeare), speakers and politicians (Mirabeau), often combines both. A striking example - LD Trotsky, who spoke with fiery speeches of the revolutionary forces.
Often it is the poetic nature. Among the “Hamlets” many fine poets and musicians like. for example, JW Goethe and Wagner. The tragedy of the senses manifested mainly in adolescence, sometimes comes the idea of suicide. So, he killed himself the hero of the novel JW Goethe’s “The Sorrows of Young Werther”. As the author wrote only sloshing feelings on paper saved him from suicide. “Hamlet” feels good development, is able to anticipate the critical situation, preparing for it. Before making an important decision for a long time questioned and ranges ( “To be or not to be?”). Perfect sense of the past, can even experience it often refers to the new disbelief. If you remember, almost all of the play by William Shakespeare - historical hronikki, but the playwright has created a remarkable fantasy-WIDE characters, which we perceive as real. In dealing with people trying to show its efficiency and practicality. Exacerbations takes notes on their appearance, manner of dress.
LSI (Maxim Gorky)
¶
People of this type like to analyze the relationship between the objects of the world, to create a closed classification. Sometimes it can be any structure - a building or a city (Le Corbusier). Pondering any problem, “Bitter” seeks to avoid ambiguities, “it lays out everything on the shelves.” He always carefully considering the issue, his performances always clear, logical and clear. It likes to plan their actions in advance. Having set a goal, we strive hard to achieve it, refusing, for example, going to the movies, so as not to waste time. It is able to work with your hands perfectly, beautifully draws and draws.
Among the people of this type are many prominent artists and architects. If an artist, it achieves high accuracy, carefully prorisovyvaya parts; if administrator, often seeks to control every question going into details. “Bitter does not like ambiguity, vagueness, ambiguities strives to discipline and diligence, the same demands and from the subordinates if they consider that the rights -… Can show a strong-willed pressure and even cruelty itself does not argue with the head and usually seeks to fulfill all its instructions. When communicating shows a good attitude to the interlocutor, courtesy, listening skills this skill governs the psychological distance between themselves and the other person -. it brings, it alienates people from themselves “Bitter” poorly versed in the possibilities of other people, often do not know what. they are capable of.
SEE (Napoleon)
¶
People of this type have a well-developed willpower, giving them a “punch” quality, and well see those qualities in other people. To achieve its goals, “Caesar” is often and successfully uses strong-willed head, often trying to solve many of the problems with the course, swoop. So Julius Caesar, the Roman senate reported the capture of a town: “Veni Vidi won…” If the problem can not be instantaneous resolution and “Caesar” meets resistance, it can cool off and come back to it. Resist if it put pressure, and does it with pleasure, getting excited. This is especially true physical force action (mostly men). Sam does not show its strength, but is aware of it and condescending, arrogant and sometimes refers to others. With people “Caesar” always strives to maintain good relations, is able to place the interlocutor to himself, to control his feelings. Cleverly takes care of the opposite sex, easily achieves mutuality - remember the legend of the “amorous” adventures of Julius Caesar or Alexander Pushkin. Among the people of this type are excellent speakers and writers - Cicero, Tolstoy, D. Byron. “Caesar” perfectly able to listen to the interlocutor, show him your location. He does not like to be told to irrationality, illogicality of the behavior; It can flare up, come to the irritation or rabies, especially if something does not understand. If was up to any deal and hears skeptical predictions, it often prompts him to try his hand in this matter. So Pushkin, a fortune teller who predicted the death of the blond man’s hand, looking for a quarrel with all the blondes who met him.
ILI (Balzac)
¶
People of this type perfectly feel the situation in time, for example, what the outcome of the case was started, or how to behave in a familiar person in a given situation. These predictions are rarely comforting, more often - “It does not come out anything,” etc. The interesting thing is that most of his predictions come true. For example, many of the prophecies have come true French-telja predictions of Michel Nostradamus. In general, “Balzac” inherent pessimism and skepticism. At the same time he is able to logically calculate the business benefits of an event or person.
Able to manipulate the money, not love them razbrasyv-vatsya. Very often young “Balzacs” “no” pocket money - they just do not want to spend them. The advanced logic to successfully engage in mathematics, physics, programming. For example, Norbert Wiener was interested in the problems of modeling and management, which led him to the idea of creating a new science - cybernetics. In dealing with others, “Balzac” is demonstrating its ability to conveniently, comfortably dressed, take care of health and comfort, interest etsya these issues. He does not like it when someone violently emotes, trying to get away, and sometimes even sleep …. For this reason, it seems quite emotionless - emotions and suffering for him the same thing. He likes strong-willed, determined and pleasant to talk to people.
LIE (Jack London)
¶
Belonging to this type are well versed in the business qualities of people, their ability to work. They know how to handle money, capital or know how they can get. It is no accident himself Jack London was among the miners in the Yukon, and many of his works are devoted to this topic. “It is necessary to do” - people love to repeat this type. But Ostap Bender knew dozens of ways of extraction of money without violating the law. Among the “Jack” many eminent scientists; Newton, L. Landau, John von Neumann, Richard Feynman. Their thinking is not abstract, but concrete, based on facts, “do not invent hypotheses” - Isaac Newton dropped. “Jack” is perfectly sees the direction of developments, prospects venturing Affairs, is inspired by them. He does not like to sit in one place: “Time does not wait!” Maybe start more and more new things, not finishing the previous. Can vividly describe future results and benefits. Here we can recall as Ostap Bender talked about his dream - Rio de Janeiro, where “all - in white pants.” In “Jack” of great interest to the numerical simulation, among them you can find a lot of highly skilled programmers. In communicating with others trying to lift their mood, he likes to joke, witty, and if stands, it may seem very emotional. If something does not agree, can not refrain from loud exclamations and perturbed replicas. If “Jack” sickness or disease, his psychological state is deteriorating, there are gloomy thoughts. The best health protection - it is a sport and the preservation of the environment, - the “Jack”. Google Translate for Business:Translator ToolkitWebsite TranslatorGlobal Market Finder
ESI (Dreiser)
¶
People of this type are well versed in interpersonal relationships - someone who loves, hates, like, etc. Especially well feel and see attitude. They love to talk about moral principles, the need to be faithful to duty in the performance of their duties. If this writer, it makes special emphasis on the moral and ethical evaluation of actions of the characters. Turgenev gave a remarkable gallery of female images, characterized by high morals and fidelity to duty. Theodore Dreiser’s novels also largely devoted to questions of morality. “Dreiser” is often said that the world is morally flawed, and the cause of all the troubles in this. He often peculiar pessimism. The inner world of this type of great person described in the story D. Salinger’s “The Catcher in the Rye.” “Dreiser” good cook, likes to frequently clean the apartment. From the “sports picks gym, where you can show your talent body control, or ballet It is able to withstand prolonged willful exposure, direction-fief to him, and he can show remarkable endurance and stamina One example of this -.. Way of Catania Commissioner in the Italian television series “Octopus”, which he pursues with relentless tenacity mafia - “Dreiser” nothing can stop in the conversation, explaining the other party anything, “Dreiser” trying to think logically, sometimes lists: “Firstly … secondly.. .. third … But their actions it is not always possible to justify a purely logical. He does not like it when assessed his abilities and talents. It can only show the work - he believes.
IEE (Huxley)
¶
People of this type are well versed in the hidden abilities of others. “Huxley” is interested in unusual people, their abilities, talents, admiringly talks about them. It can be distinguished scientists, artists, psychics, etc. Sam Thomas Huxley promoted Charles Darwin’s theory, and it is thanks to him, it has become widely known. At the same time, “Huxley” sees good prospects for any projects, such as construction, and immediately says, will or not. It is easy to communicate with people, start dating, able to please others, trying to maintain good relations with all. It is easy to be interested, to convince a person to persuade him to do something. Remember how Tom Sawyer painting the fence: it does not cost anything to convince his friends that it was an exciting experience. He did not perform particularly well-manual work and does not aspire to it.
Children belonging to a type of “Huxley” big dreamers, inventors and restless, they are always up to something. As for adults, they engage in a boring affair, they are most interested in people. And so many of them psychologists. This excellent journalists, and sometimes politics. Theodore Roosevelt, who became president of the United States during the Great Depression, gathered around him a distinguished economists and led the country out of crisis. A Dale Carnegie books on the art of communication known throughout the world. The behavior of the “Huxley” has an interesting feature: it is easy to achieve the favor of the opposite sex person, but from the intimate relationship “Huxley” at the last moment may avoid - like Don Rumata in the episode with Dona Okan in the novel A. and B. Strugatsky “Hard to Be God “. If threatening situation develops. Teksli “does not wait passively, than all will end, and the first goes on the offensive. He does not like” being told “what he does not understand,
SLI (Gabin)
¶
People of this type are well versed in the sensations that brings the world “Gabin” know where the room is warm, and where cooler that feels this or that person, if you sit by the window or eat some food, convenient to him or not, as the he generally feels. “Gabin” has a good memory: remember themselves and their feelings from a very early age, sometimes from infancy. Good feel of the interior aesthetics, always knows how to make a comfortable, properly. It pays great attention to the creation of comfort and convenience. Of the total, making tends to benefit. Do not engaged in work that does not give practical results, made by values, inventive. Agatha Christie, having a huge imagination, “designed”, invented detective story with a complicated intrigue. As for the old things, “Gabin” always strives to somehow be used to squeeze out of them all the best, but do not throw away. Catching any case, it is very persistent in achieving their goal, for this it is considered stubborn. Curious meets all new, but always compares with what is: has established to achieve it seem preferable. He does not like scandals, shouting, emotional outbursts of others, trying to move away from such people. He does not like to show his feelings. To this type belong to Louis de Funes, IE Tamm, and of literary heroes - Huckleberry Finn, and Winnie the Pooh.
LSE (Stierlitz)
¶
People appreciate this type of business qualities of people, their competence, to operate like concrete facts, to combine them, to be creative. One of the most prominent inventors - Thomas Edison - belong to this type. “Hill” collects the set of facts relating to his occupation. Not by chance it can be called innate intelligence - gathering information goes quite naturally. Here we can recall the legendary Richard Sorge. Interestingly, in the film “Seventeen Moments of Spring” There insertion - “Food for Thought”, accurately reflecting the nature of thinking, “Holmes.” People of this type like tinkering, creating graceful, beautiful things, to cook, lay the table, to fine, hard work, appreciate aesthetics made; they - “smart hands”.
All the striking features of “Holmes” perfectly describes A. Conan Doyle: impeccable logical thinking as a model power of the human mind, the ability to examine, put chemical experiments, play the violin, plus excellent powers of observation and resourcefulness. “Every life - a huge chain of causes and effects, and the nature of it, we can know the one link … … Let the researcher looked at the first comer, learn to identify his past …- says Sherlock Hill With strangers he restrained. and even cold, but with friends or at home can give vent to feelings. When working, “Holmes” is sometimes feared that makes it late, so try to get ahead of events.
EII (Dostoevsky)
¶
People of this type are well oriented in the relationship between people, feel the attitude of others to themselves. “Dr. Watson” believes that all people should live in love and harmony. Deeply interested in the inner world of man, he seeks to reveal it - so they are excellent teachers and educators. Among the “Watson” many religious thinkers and philosophers: Confucius, VS Solovyov, NF Berdyaev, Florensky, NM Karam-zin.
The feeling of love for man, the high humanism characterize their outlook. FM Dostoevsky ( “Watson”) in all his works, trying to uncover the inner world of man, his thoughts, feelings and actions. His ideal - Alyosha Karamazov and Prince Myshkin, who represent the most light for the writer. A friend of Sherlock Holmes - Dr. Watson is best versed in the spiritual world of man than in his business, external qualities, so therefore it surprises and delights insight Holmes. “Watson” perfectly explains how to lay all the well-known “on the shelves.” If something does not know - she is experiencing confusion and aims to find out what was going on, so you feel confident. He focuses on the patterns and achievements of the past: “I give, but I do, I sincerely respect the antiquity” - Confucius said.
He believes that the most important thing - the right upbringing and desire to faithfully perform their duties, a moral duty. He does not like physical violence, never yelling at subordinates. If he needed to talk to someone - trying to do it alone. If it offended the feelings of their abuser usually does not show very often forgives him. “Watson,” like people who speak clearly, concisely, able to work quickly and beautifully. |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/ILE_comp.html | Wikisocion ILE composite¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Wikisocion ILE composite
¶
Intuitive Logical Extratim, ILE,
, ENTp, IL, Seeker, or archetype Don Quixote.
Ego Block
¶
1. Ne Extraverted Intuition
¶
The ILE is typically a “big picture” kind of person, and tends to speak in generalizations about both people and things, omitting any details he deems mundane or uninteresting. He is acutely aware of what interests and what bores him. This leads him to always search for novelty and surprising things. At any given moment, the ILE usually has a number of projects and/or skills that he is working on developing, and stays with these interests as long as he feels they have potential for growth. The ILE gets bored easily with rote tasks that do involve lots of repetition and little innovation, although he tolerates them if they are necessary to succeed in society.
The ILE is a creative thinker, and enjoys discussing his often unusual perspectives with others. These will often be expressed through unique and strange (but effective) analogies.
The ILE is constantly aware of the possibilities inherent in social, natural or other systems, and of the areas with the greatest potential within them. The ILE operates by using Extroverted Intuition to attune themselves to the multiple variables continually being expressed within the environment and proceeds to elucidate feasible connections and boundaries of context in order to change the way one perceives that which is operating below the surface of either everyday life or more dynamic technical arenas. To An ILE, the world is a vast network of stars with infinitely interchangeable constellations emerging from the open-ended framework. Extroverted Intuition as a leading function pushes with white-hot intensity the active rearranging of the lego-blocks of reality; not necessarily with any intention towards construction or creativity, but with the ultimate goal of introducing novelty and fresh perspectives. Combined with Introverted Thinking as a secondary function, Extroverted Intuition finds compatible yet more disciplined, objective thinking to harness its irrational, unruled nature into a potentially functional talent.
2. Ti Introverted Logic
¶
ILEs are obsessed with how things work, and how they will work together. Understanding how something works is merely the baseline for the ILE. When the ILE finds something new or interesting he thinks about how it could be used in conjunction with other objects he has come into contact with in the past.
The ILE will freely voice comments on whether a rule (especially one imposed on him by society) makes sense to him. If it does not, he will break the rule or find a creative way of mocking it to express his dissent, rather than working within the system itself to change the rule. Unlike a Ti-leading type, he will often not replace the rule with one of his own.
The ILE is not afraid of discussing and arguing his views, and may appear to take them more seriously than he actually does. The ILE only makes use of structural frameworks if he can see some kind of intuitive relevance in them, e.g. to make sense of and solve a problem he is interested in. Thus his thoughts may often appear unstructured. Especially if his actions affect others, the ILE will make sure that they are logically consistent and fair.
Super-Ego Block
3. Se Extraverted Sensing
¶
The ILE finds it difficult to get himself to do uninteresting, tedious work simply out of responsibility. If he has to, he will acutely feel his own lack of discipline. Thus the ILE is more comfortable when he has a flexible schedule and is free to pursue whatever seems most interesting to him at the moment.
The ILE is typically only able to sustain short periods of strenuous activity.
ILEs are uninterested in forcing people to do things, and are not keen on those who impose their will on others, so they do not take well to direct commands. They often detest authority exercised in this way, and will often challenge abuses of power. When backed into a corner by an aggressive Se, the often harmless appearing ILE will immediately rise to meet the threat and strike it down with carefully crafted ease. The impact the ILE has on society is usually through his understanding of how the world works rather than a position of material influence. For example, an ILE might rather advise a person in power than hold an official position of high authority. He will only take such a position if it is necessary (and if no one else will do so).
4. Fi Introverted Ethics
¶
Unstable in maintaining psychological distance. May have trouble making clear attraction. Can hide their personal sentiments when pushed and avoids the public examination of their desires. ILE’s tend to be unaware of how others view them relationship wise, unstable in levels of trust. View relationships skeptically unless legitimized. This can result in a mistrust of others and a general wariness regarding others’ opinions of them, potentially causing irrational behaviors based on misconceptions in this area. They appreciate people who can reassure them of the status of a relationship.
Emotional responses to trauma will often manifest themselves several years later, triggered by things that seem to have little to do with the event responsible for the reaction e.g. abandonment issues surface after visiting a nursing home.
An ILE may view many accepted moral standards with scorn if they do not make logical sense to him and may be frustrated if convenient loopholes in a system are said to be ‘out of bounds’ morally. Indeed, the ILE may come to the conclusion that if he has not done anything legally wrong, then he could not possibly have done something morally wrong. Such thinking may bemuse more ethical types. In more extreme circumstances, the ILE will see morality as just another system to be taken apart and studied, shocking types who value moral traditions when he uses logic and his clever insight to dissolve moral imperatives. e.g. “You may view human sacrifice as something inherently wrong but that’s just a result of your upbringing. If you were raised an Aztec you would have seen it as a remarkable thing, believing it to be responsible for keeping your crops watered and the sun moving across the sky.”
Super-Id Block
5. Si Introverted Sensing
¶
ILEs need assistance with balancing their inner life and deriving enjoyment from all the things in life around them, and not just their mental activities. ILEs appreciate people with a solid sensory awareness that can help them feel a healthy sense of pleasure from their surroundings.
The ILE’s focus on constantly chasing after new things often leaves him to neglect his physical and psychological well-being. He appreciates pleasant stimuli that help him to “turn off” his active mind for a little while and to find some kind of balance between the mental and physical. An ILE will commonly use some short burst of physical activity to take a break from his interests.
6. Fe Extraverted Ethics
¶
Enjoy lively, animated and fun interaction with people, but tend to be unemotional when left on their own. However, he is not inclined to create this atmosphere himself but can create situations where there is a good chance that others will take the emotional initiative and create a fun and emotionally stimulating atmosphere. Failure at such attempts are met with dismay, which the individual either hides or reacts to with frustration and annoyance.
He may misjudge the mood of a situation and unintentionally irritate those around him in an attempt to raise the mood. Lacking the finesse of someone leading with Ethics, he may be interpreted as silly or immature by those who think that a sense of occasion is important.
Id Block
7. Ni Introverted Intuition
¶
While the ILE may seem entirely spontaneous to the observer, he will often plan extensively for the fallout of his ideas in order to rally the support of others and guide it towards actualization. As a by-product, most ILEs will view lectures about foresight and planning as irritating and unnecessary. There is no need to go over that which he has already considered, in the privacy of his own mind.
Additionally, with too much attention to consequences the ILE loses the thrill of discovery associated with his base function and finds it difficult to think outside of Ni’s natural complement: Se. He prefers to think about immediate possibilities (Ne) and what can be done to materialize them (Ti) rather than to dwell on the outcome of what might or might not be.
8. Te Extraverted Logic
¶
Though the ILE can demonstrate a head for practical or efficient reasoning, particularly in conjunction with the ignoring function Ni, he will typically resort to it only to sell the merits of his ideas. The ILE is more concerned with the possibility of creating than in finding the best way to do something.
When the demand exists, the ILE will deliver a practical and realistic rationale or solution, but be prepared for a tack that is singularly unorthodox. The ILE will not be boxed in by the rules of convention, rather he will actively search for a new way to perform a task. In this way, ILEs are often seen cutting corners. To others, this may be seen as snubbing the rules, and rightfully so, because the ILE dislikes the idea of a preset way of performing a task. It is counter-intuitive to their Ego. To the ILE, they are more likely playfully reinventing convention in order to show how their skills are best used or perhaps to prove that their manner of approaching the task surpasses that of Te-ego types in efficiency and practicality.
Common social roles
¶
The debater who will argue about anything with anyone.
The career guru who is constantly building his already lengthy resume through the planned acquisition of relevant experience.
The clown who is always being silly and frivolous.
The outgoing nerd who makes jokes about things like parabolas, loves gadgets and wears things like fisherman’s vests to work and to parties because all the pockets are convenient for holding stuff. |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/profile_prokofieva.html | Socionics Type Profiles by T. Prokofieva and M. Kuzmina¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Socionics Type Profiles by T. Prokofieva and M. Kuzmina
¶
Taken from the series of articles “Psychology in the New Era”, that were published in application to the newspaper “September 1st The School Psychologist” by
Tatyana Prokofieva
and Marina Kuzmina.
Original article.
Introduction
¶
Dear readers, we suggest taking a closer look at socionic types. We will
be considering four functions of each type in this article: two strong
functions and two weak ones. This will let us to concisely describe the
advantages and drawbacks of each type.
ILE, ENTp (Ne,Ti)
¶
Intuitive-logical extraverts (ILE)
in their essence are researchers
and inventors. They study not only what they need to study, but also
“everything that’s interesting”, from mechanical and computer theories
to butterflies and caterpillars. There is nothing that the ILE likes
better than to read about something new, mysterious, and captivating.
With this, the ILE aims to immediately apply acquired knowledge to
practice, but doesn’t concern much with getting real profits from his
discoveries. Due to strong intuition (channel 1) and logic (channel 2)
representatives of this type are capable of making way through great
volumes of literature on a chosen topic in the shortest period of time,
so to say, of grasping the informational immensity of this world and
paving the way for all those who will come after them. Their theories
and methods are often beyond ordinary, which can result in upheavals of
traditional views and systems.
The main drawback of ILEs is their tendency to defend their ideals (weak
volitional sensing). Decency - is the quality most often idealized by
them. With such idealistic expectations and interpretations of people’s
actions, it is often difficult for ILEs to see and relate to life and
people as they truly are. Their irreconcilable attitude towards
infringements on their honor, dignity, and freedom often push them into
numerous “duels” and arguments. Sometimes they fight not with the actual
existing enemies, but “windmills” that they have conjured in their mind.
With almost every insight, the ILE tries to share his thoughts with
people around him, not thinking of whether it is the right time and
place for this (weak ethics of relations). In addition, the ILE is not
always ready to listen out a person or their argument contestant until
the end, and often interrupts them. For this reason, representatives of
this type are sometimes seen as being excessively brazen and
self-assured.
SEI, ISFp (Si,Fe)
¶
Sensing-ethical introvert (SEI)
may be called a master of agreements
and compromises. His life’s creed lies in possibility to fully enjoy his
life while not interfering with other people doing the same. As a rule,
representatives of this type have well set up homes where they like to
relax with their heart and soul, as well as physically (sensorics of
sensing as base function). In their homes there are many convenient
things. Everything is coordinated and carefully thought out beforehand.
Representatives of this type are innate designers and image creators.
This is because they feel color, form, and size very sensitively.
Talking and socializing with his friends, the SEI often becomes the life
and soul of the company, the joker and the leader of the social
proceedings (ethics of emotions as creative function). By telling an
entertaining story, quip, or anecdote the SEI can make even a gloomy
person become sympathetic towards him.
SEI’s drawback lies in his weak ability to make important strategic
decisions. The SEI often doesn’t have enough perseverance, persistence,
and farsightedness to undertake serious projects or work. The SEI lives
by the day, thus arriving at any long-term conclusions for the future is
especially difficult for him (intuition of time and logic of actions are
weak functions). Another negative characteristic that has been noticed
with this type: the SEI wastes too much time on minor and unimportant
activities.
ESE, ESFj (Fe,Si)
¶
Ethical-sensing extravert (ESE)
is an incorrigible optimist, who
tries to always and everywhere keep up his spirit and good mood under
any circumstances. The ESE loves and enjoys life, and can always spot
something good in a negative situation. Representatives of this type
enjoy spending time outdoors, in the heart of nature, participating in
hikes and picnics with friends in open air. They are often interested by
some ideas. In contrast to several other personality types, the ESE can
spend a lot of time on the phone, discussing events, current news,
weather, or other people’s problems. The ESE is a life-loving optimist
who dislikes gloominess and lack of activity. They can encourage even
the most sullen and unsociable person to join for a trip to a forest or
a desert, for example. To enjoy life is ESE’s main credo. ESEs realize
themselves well in fields of advertisement and sales, they can sell the
most slow-moving products to the most fastidious client. With this, they
often sell not for the sake of money but out of principle.
ESE’s main drawback is their lack of punctuality. They can be late and
fail to do promised things in time not because they didn’t want to, but
because it’s hard for them to adequately make plans. Their weak logical
function does not allow them to differentiate between important and
secondary matters. All matters thus seem to be of about equal importance
to them. This results in incoherence, disorganization, and important
tasks being left behind without needed attention. ESE’s weak function of
intuition of time does not allow this type to project and anticipate
possible future events. To bring their next project into realization,
the ESE makes numerous inquiries and involves a great number of
contacts. However, without adequate planning, their irrepressible energy
often gets wasted on trifles, and when things come to an important stage
the ESE already has no strength and patience left to bring matters to a
close.
LII, INTj (Ti,Ne)
¶
Logical-intuitive introvert (LII)
tries to see and create from
everything a system of some core level natural laws and patterns. As a
rule, these people are erudite, have many interests and much knowledge,
but don’t like to advertise this fact and be in the center of attention.
In their essence, they are precise and pedantic, not only in the way of
thinking but also in how they relate to the world around them. You will
scarcely meet a person believing in miracles and trusting in luck among
representatives of this type. Having set a goal, the LII relies on his
or her own diligence and inner organization to do their work.
Consistency, reliability, ability to stick to their word all of these
are typical of representatives of this type.
LII’s deficiency is weak ethics of relations, which sometimes results in
uncertainty and sadness in emotional evaluations of other people. This
becomes especially evident in unfamiliar to the LII circumstances.
Watching others, the LII tries to understand what is accepted in this
company, what is favored, and what is rejected. But the LII cannot
always adapt to other people and to new social situations. He may be
cheerful or sullen out of place. Due to LII’s weakness in
differentiating emotional nuances, representatives of this type often
see people in black and white colors: good or bad, kind or unkind,
friend or foe. LIIs are also sometimes viewed as stubborn and hard to
persuade (the function of volitional sensing is hypertrophied). They
cannot stand untruth and falsity, and can be very firm and solid like a
rock in matters of principle to them.
SLE, ESTp (Se,Ti)
¶
Sensing-logical extraverts (SLEs)
don’t dwell in the clouds and
don’t dream lying on a sofa about things that could have been if These
are people of realistic, concrete actions. They can be characterized as
ambitious, self-willed, and purposeful people. These are born leaders
and administrators capable of taking responsibility for making decisions
on important matters. They appreciate logic and supporting
argumentation. Irrationality of type SLE manifests in the fact that his
activity levels often depend on his own state or mood. If the SLE didn’t
“get up from the wrong side of the bed” in the morning, he can agree to
sign any paper or give a passing evaluation to a shirker, but if he got
off the wrong side beware! About such people it is said that they are
quick to harshly deal with someone. Despite this, if you turn to a
representative of this type for help in a critical situation, he won’t
idly sit about and talk, or give you free advice, but instead he will
try help you through concrete deeds (strong sensing function). In this
is their main virtue.
Among drawbacks of SLEs is their inability to see future consequences of their harsh words and actions (weak intuition of potential). Due to this, it sometimes seems to the SLE that problems fall on him or her out of nowhere and all of a sudden, and grow like an avalanche. In which case the SLE sees his or her main goal in holding out and being firm. The SLE is not always capable of understanding the nuances of people’s relations. Strong volitional sensing, in this case, as if covers for their weaker ethical functions, creating an impression of a “tank”. Like a ram, the SLE pushes through against other people’s opinions and weaknesses.
Note
Editor’s note
: Quite often the “impervious, massive tank” impression is also created by Se-SEEs whose ethical functions are weakened in favor of sensing and logical ones.
IEI, INFp (Ni,Fe)
¶
Intuitive-ethical introvert (IEI)
can be characterized as a dreamer
and romantic. Reminiscing about the future and thinking of the past take
up IEI’s thoughts. Representatives of this type like to lay on a sofa
with a book, or go to the countryside to spend time amidst nature.
However, nature can be insidious - it can produce unpleasant surprises
in way of rain, snow, and wind. Which is why these trips happen only in
IEI’s mind. Strong intuition of time (1st channel) gives this type an
inclination towards mysticism and superstition, beliefs in prophetic
dreams and omens. Ethics of emotions (creative function) helps the IEI
to tune to their conversation partner’s hidden feelings and see the
nuanced inclinations of another’s soul.
However, the IEI is not always able to use his or her creative ethical
function for good. At times one can meet an IEI with exaggerated ethics
of emotions, simply put a person who is emotionally labile and
uninhibited. Instead of comforting people with the warmth of his soul,
he begins to manipulate other people and act capricious and touchy. In
an exalted emotional upsurge the IEI can become hysterical, because
“everything is wrong” and “things didn’t turn out to be as desired”
(weak sensing and logic). In a word, this type is not meant for sensory
hardships. Under the influence of intuition of time, the IEI can
submerge himself in the world of illusions, dreams, and imaginings, and
could hardly drive a long-term project to a logical finish. The IEI can
be renovating their homes for years, having started moving the furniture
in the morning already drop this undertaking by the lunch time.
EIE, ENFj (Fe,Ni)
¶
Ethical-intuitive extravert (EIE)
can be characterized as a person
of immoderate emotion. It’s not without a reason that there are many
producers, artists, and musicians among them (ethics of emotions as
first function). “The world - is a stage, and all people in it - are
actors” this is the EIE’s slogan. The EIE is able to present boring
material to an audience in an amazingly vivid, interesting, and
involving manner. And, in general, it’s never boring hanging around
people of this type. The EIE lives from one emotional storm, that began
suddenly, like a thunderstorm in May, to another. In a conversation he
may insert some quotes, jokes, puns, or anecdotes. Often he is an
appreciator of everything sublime and exalted. Developed intuition of
time allows him to predict from first glance that which will become
popular and that which will not. Among representatives of this type
there are many followers of avant-garde movements in literature, music,
and art. The EIE - is a Bohemian person who is very emotionally
sensitive to the spirits of the epoch. These are the most aristocratic
people - true “princes” and “princesses”.
One of EIE’s shortcomings is excessive reliance on “working the public”.
Indifference, lack of attention to his posing and outward affect can be
disastrous for him. Not finding the right audience, EIE’s enthusiasm
fades, his behavior becomes dry and constrained, resentment towards his
listeners appears. EIEs are also given to extreme squeamishness
(vulnerable sensing of sensations function). Despite this, the living
space of the representatives of this type are usually kept in the state
of “artistic mess”. Contradictions also show up their external
appearance. They may wear both red and green colors together, explaining
it by fashion and their own idiosyncratic style. Painful inability to
follow logic (weak function) sometimes hypertrophies as an accentuated
desire to be taken as a serious, logical, business-like man or woman. In
this case, the EIE may have many notebooks, calling cards, and piece of
notes in his pockets, which he will present at the slighted occasion.
The EIE also poorly tolerates physical pain and poor health. Dentists
are their arch-enemies. The smallest scratch or bump may unsettle them
for a long time, while their luxuriant imagination may attribute
terrible consequences to it. Remember the tale of “The Princess and the
Pea” - this is exactly the case here.
LSI, ISTj (Ti,Se)
¶
Logical-sensing introverts (LSIs)
prefer to act quietly,
systematically, and rationally. In their mind, the world is organized in
a logical manner (according to their base function). These people
respect discipline and order. They are often advocates of strong power.
The most obvious representative of this personality type was I. V.
Stalin. He preferred to act secretly in his politics, sometimes setting
up intrigues to eliminate his rivals without “spectacles and noise”.
LSI’s persistence and patience are often envied by many who lack in
these qualities. Other people take a step back seeing the quiet but
determined resolve of LSI. Logical sensing introverts are leaders and
managers of small teams that accurately and timely complete work or
study assignments.
LSI’s drawback is in weak ethics of emotions. Representatives of this
type are often blamed for being emotionally deaf and impervious. For
example, they are rarely capable of feeling the mood that prevails in a
group of people. They prefer to build their relationships with people on
the effect of admiration. Representatives of this type can hardly listen
to and, moreover, accept even constructive criticism. The weakness of
intuition of opportunities can be seen in their tendency to fight
“extra” information and to hold onto one previously formed opinion. They
consider discussions and debates to be unnecessary squabbles that
interfere with doing work. LSIs also rarely take advice, considering
their own point of view to be the only right one. If they are told about
their flaws, even very tactfully, they can keep a grievance and take
revenge on a person given the occasion. In the course of Stalin’s
repressions, for example, dissenting intellectuals were physically
eliminated.
SEE, ESFp (Se,Fi)
¶
Sensing-ethical extraverts (SEE)
are inborn leaders. Their main
sphere of interest is in realistic matters and activities where they can
feel their unlimited influence on others. Representatives of this type
respect power and strive for it, as well as for all the privileges it
provides. Their slogan is: “came, saw, won over!”. These are self-willed
people who are at the same time diplomatic. If for other types of
information metabolism the process of thinking things over before some
important engagement is natural, the SEE simply throws him or herself
into activities. “The main thing is to engage in battle, and then we’ll
see”, - said Napoleon Bonapart, a representatives of this type. “I jump
into love just like diving off a cliff” - echoes Alla Pugachyova,
another notable representative of type SEE. These are people of
uncontrollable passions; if they are friends then to the end; if they
love then they hold nothing back. They live by the present. The future
is always wonderful for them, but it is in the future. While there is no
reason to have regrets about the past, for it cannot be turned back.
SEE’s drawback is their desire to shine for everyone and everywhere like
the Sun. The fourth channel (painful function) is taken up by logic of
relations - they are not friends with computers, don’t like logical
formalities: schemes, plans, schedules, dislike having to put everything
in order. From this comes their maximalism. Their feelings of the type
“love-hate” for one and the same person can change several times a day.
Sometimes the SEE puts on a mask of a skillful manipulator and
combinator, but due to the fact that intuition of possibilities is not
this type’s strength his quick victories can turn into future problems
and defeats. The SEE hides his failures from onlookers, for nothing
should interfere with his image of the winner. SEEs are also often
blamed in egocentrism, too high ambitions, and self-conceit. People of
this type live by one day, “in the here and now of the current
situation”, and sometimes acquire enemies through their fits of anger.
ILI, INTp (Ni,Te)
¶
Intuitive-logical introvert (ILI)
can be called the strategist of
all strategists. The combination of strong intuition and logic gives
people of this type qualities of wisdom and knowledge of life’s laws.
The distinguishing attributes of ILI - are precaution and prescience.
One of the notable representative of this type was the M.I. Kutuzov. He
fought all his life, but didn’t win any remarkable battles - all his
victories are ambiguous, with an even score. Despite this, he is known
as one of the greatest military generals. Napoleon and Suvorov called
Kutuzov a “clever fox”. Why? Kutuzov’s intellect shows itself in a
simple acceptance of the fact that there was no way to defeat Napoleon
in an open battle. Napoleon was a master of attack, who would thoroughly
think through the plan for the battle in advance, but Kutuzov knew how
to retreat. That is one of the most complicated military tasks to hold
back enemy forces using only one part of the army, while constantly
switching maneuvers, changing from a fighting formation to a retreating
and marching formation. Kutuzov carefully calculated and was able to
predict that Napoleon would not manage to provide enough forage for
horses of the cavalry, and was absolutely right about this. At the end
of the war there were only 5,000 people remaining of the great “Grand
Army” - and this was from five or six hundred thousand soldiers!
Meanwhile, Kutuzov retained half of his army for the main battle to
come.
ILI’s main drawback is painful inability to adequately demonstrate his
emotions. To memory comes the historical fact of Kutuzov eating chicken
during the Battle of Borodino. Representatives of this type sometimes
make an impression of being gloomy, sullen, and melancholic people.
However, under their mask of perpetual skepticism and pessimism hides an
idealist and a dreamer. To not be seen as an “avaricious knight” the ILI
is capable of being generous and undertaking reckless actions. For
example, he can give a dear person an expensive gift. However, even in
such a case the ILI doesn’t spend all of his money. More likely he will
calculate in advance how much should be spent and when he should stop.
ILI’s weak sensing functions manifest as an indifference towards
external appearance, that for some ILIs turns into slackness and
untidiness. In general, ILIs tend to simple styles in clothing.
LIE, ENTj (Te,Ni)
¶
Logical-intuitive extraverts (LIE)
are born entrepreneurs,
businessmen, rationalizers. Representatives of this type can be
characterized as hard workers. However, they don’t like purposeless
activities - there should be a final goal everywhere. The workings of
LIE’s mind are reminiscent of a computer (strong base logic). They are
capable of grasping the gist of the matter, calculating all the
concurrent aspects, and figuring out optimal ways solving problems
(manifestation of intuition). At the same time, representatives of this
type are incorrigible romantics, predisposed to traveling, adventures,
and risk. Among them there are stuntmen, experimenters, and testers.
LIEs work with ease and cheerfulness. A feeling of comradeship and
friendship is very important to them.
One of LIE’s weaker sides is their appearance (weak sensing functions).
They often look as if have just returned from a trip: men are unshaved,
women lack hairstyle. LIEs have so many important things to do that they
have absolutely no time left to take care of themselves. The same is
true about their dietary and culinary habits. Representatives of this
type don’t like to improvise and cook complicated dishes in kitchen, but
would rather take a recipe from a cookbook and prepare something simple
and quick. To a casual question about their health they can start
describing their recent worrying and doubtful symptoms. The LIEs also
have a peculiar spontaneity to their demonstrations of emotions (weak
ethics of emotions) that can be compared to a sudden waterfall. In such
moments it seems that they are “too much” for the people around them.
ESI, ISFj (Fi,Se)
¶
Ethical-sensing introvert (ESI)
is a true stoic and a guardian of
moral foundations of society. Among representatives of this type there
are many lawyers, doctors, investigators, and teachers (ethics of
relations as first function). ESI women are distinguished by their deep
attachment to their families. Taking on heavy, labor-intensive burdens
in form of working, taking care of children, and household matters, the
ESI’s doesn’t complain about own life but heroically goes through the
difficulties. In dedication, commitment, stability and reliability no
other types can compare to the ESI (volitional sensing as creative
function). This type can be a doctor not only on the soul, but also of
the body. Struggle against evil is a distinguishing feature of this
type.
One of ESI’s drawbacks is the excess rationality present in this type. A
certain degree of orthodoxy and maximalism negatively characterizes
people of this type. Let us remember the numerous stories from ancient
Greece: what should the main hero choose love or duty? ESI chooses the
later. By this, the ESI often becomes a hostage of their own loneliness
with few friends, as potentially interesting people and relationships
that don’t corresponds to ESI’s system of values are quickly dropped
from his or her field of view. Representatives of this type are also at
odds with intuition and are capable of showing initiative in an untimely
or inappropriate manner. This, in turn, can lead them into trouble
“initiative is punishable”.
IEE, ENFp (Ne,Fi)
¶
Intuitive-ethical extraverts (IEEs)
are born psychologists,
consultants, and intermediaries. Representatives of this type are
usually the most lively and individualistic people of all. Their way of
thinking is non-trivial and unusual. Intuition in the first channel
gives the IEE an ability to grasp the gist of another person’s problems
and wishes from first glance, while in combination with ethics it
manifests itself as a sense of tact. From time to time the IEE discovers
in their conversation partner potential, merits, and talents, that were
previously unknown even to that person. There are also many inventors
and discoverers among IEEs in the fields of computer programming and
technology. Of IEE’s talent in working with people we’d like to talk
separately. Representatives of this type typically seem charming, warm,
and considerate. They are friends with different kinds of people, and
their friends like them for their insightful understanding of people’s
problems and peculiarities. If you have come across a person capable of
keeping in good relations with their former wives, husbands, and
colleagues, it is mostly likely to be IEE.
IEE’s drawback is their inability to do any tasks or work that requires
attention to detail, meticulousness, accurate planning and scheduling,
and any type of “sedentary” work. Representatives of this type may not
turn in their graduation papers, quarterly accounting reports, and other
important documentation for a long time (weak volitional sensing). IEE’s
openness and friendliness can sometimes play bad tricks on them. Though,
sometimes IEEs can show indomitable will and determination to reach
their goals, later they may regret the harsh words they’ve said and the
actions the committed and seek reconciliation.
SLI, ISTp (Si,Te)
¶
Sensoric-logical introverts (SLIs)
are the type of people who prefer
to have a bird in their hands than two in the bushes. Strong sensing
functions usually endow the SLI with a talent in everything that is
connected to working with hands. A distinguishing trait of this type -
is concern for and a striving to create material well-being and comfort
in their lives. They are discerning in art and design, and typically
have a good sense taste. SLIs like quality items that emphasize their
inner dignity and high status. Frequently, their status is high
externally as well. Both men and women of this type are often able to
organize profitable businesses in commerce or production. Aided by
strong sensing functions, SLIs are typically good at food preparation,
which for them may be a kind of sacred ritual. Even if the SLI does not
have a villa in Canary Islands but only a small apartment on the
outskirts of Moscow, please, believe, he or she will know how to enjoy a
morning jog on dew covered grass, the smell of blossoming lilac, and a
mug of fresh milk.
The drawback of this type is in its weak functions of ethics of emotions
and intuition of time. Similarly to the ILI, the SLI experiences
difficulties in expressing his feelings and emotions. Being secretly
afraid of being misunderstood (SLIs are very vulnerable), the SLI will
prefer to hide his or her real attitudes towards other people, and won’t
show them at all. However if the SLI is humiliated or made fun of in
public, he or she can burst into tears, lose their temper and start
shouting at the offender. Representatives of this type remember the
smallest offenses, and after serious quarrels they are capable of
breaking relations forever. SLI’s weak intuition of time manifests in
their desire to plan their affairs in advance. This is also the root of
their excess conservatism and caution. The SLI will never make a final
decision without a thorough analysis of all aspects of the situation.
LSE, ESTj (Te,Si)
¶
Logical-sensing extravert (LSE)
is distinguished by an ability to
discern the main tasks or matters from secondary ones. LSEs are
business-minded, organized, and consistent. They dislikes rushing and
fussiness, and the nervousness that comes with these. On the whole,
representatives of this type are reasonable in estimating their own
strengths, and that is why they try to find a corresponding position at
work. Sensing of sensations in creative channel gives the LSE a
discerning and refined sense of taste and ability to create beauty with
their own hands. Women-LSE prefer effective clothes and accessories that
fit their figure. Beauty combined with functionality and utility - is
the guarantee of their success.
LSE’s drawback can be their inclination to predictability and stability
(weak intuitive functions). For fear of living in present day they are
sometimes reproached about conservatism and lack of foresight. Weak
ethical functions make the LSE feel uncertain in new unfamiliar
situations that involve other people. Despite this type being
extraverted, the LSE is not inclined make new friends or start new
relationships, being guided by the principle that “an old friend is
better than a new one”. Even if their family life does not satisfy them
for some reason, the LSE is unlikely to separate and continue on alone.
EII, INFj (Fi,Ne)
¶
Ethical-intuitive introvert (EII)
places questions of human ethics
in the first place in his hierarchy of priorities (ethics of relations
is the first function). EII’s creativity is aimed at researching new,
more ideal forms of relationships. EII is attentive to every
personality, for he sees it as an entire world in itself, a vessel,
where personal beauty is intermixed with crudeness, anger, and hatred.
TIM EII is a spiritual and moral shepherd, a mentor irrespective of
this person’s age. Those who are distraught and in grief turn to him for
consolation, when they need to cry on somebodys shoulder or their heart
is aching. Making a journey from understanding to forgiving, EII
fulfills his destiny.
One of EII’s shortcomings is deficiency of volitional sensing, which
shows itself as an irreconcilable attitude towards violence and use of
physical force. At the same time, most of EII’s favorite sayings - are
appeals to obligation. As a result, the EII produces excessive fuss
which could be avoided. Spending his or her days on searching for
interesting philosophical or humanistic information and dwelling in
thoughts and discussions that don’t have concrete, immediate, practical
application, the EII often experiences difficulties with organizing and
building up her everyday life. Forceful pressure from the outside has a
suppressing, destructive effect on the vulnerable EII who is unable to
resist such pressuring for a long time. Representatives of this type
often defend ideals and ideas, while putting aside and criticizing
“bourgeois” manifestations such as the desire to dress and to eat
lavishly. EII’s sacrificial attitude may be aimed at people who have no
need in it.
Literature
¶
Barsova. How to live ones own life and not other persons or personality typology. M.: AST-press, 2001.
S.E. Kashnitsky. Among people. Socionics the science of communication. M.: Armada-press, 2001. |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/profile_ua.html | Sociotype Descriptions from Socionics.ua¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Sociotype Descriptions from Socionics.ua
¶
ILE (Don Quixote)
¶
Intuitive Logical Extravert (ILE) ENTp: Ne-Ti
Characteristics - Situations forecast - Undertakings in Eden prospects - Source of new ideas and - And choosing the right solutions intuitively You can not expect: - Punctuality and assiduity - N raktichnosti plans - Perform routine work - N in sequence, completeness, order
The manifestations of nature in their professional activity He sees the potential of the objective world - science, technology and production. It generates a variety of “crazy” ideas. Quickly grasp the essence of things. Developed by scientists in any field of knowledge, or the phenomena of life, tends to dig deep, hidden essence based on the aggregation problem, it reflects an abstract concept. The words with deeds. Curious. It attracts new and progressive, it is able to capture the other, and in addition can not only come up with new ideas, understand complex situations, but also to develop and implement them in practice. He appreciates your knowledge, objectively and adequately assesses others. Do not pay attention to the authorities, the stereotypes. Do not allow to interfere with scientific and inventive work, take off the thought, he defends the freedom of creativity. Do not stop even the possible negative consequences.
Categorical, decisive in defending their own opinion, overcomes obstacles and constraints, persistent when implementing unconventional ideas. The internal state is in fighting, if they contradict the ideas, cases, activities - it may even cause aggression. Has the pressure those who violate the rules of logic, rules, laws. It feels integrity of the natural phenomenon.
Sociable, active, improving professionalism. Easy, without straining ties dating with any interested people themselves. It respects democratic relations. Inherent knightly qualities - courage and bravery.
Confidently to the goal should be for a specific rate your own program. It creates long-term plans and resolutely implement them. Attentive, knows how to listen and memorize effortlessly with any information.
Much dreaming and fantasizing, impatient, but to give the desired rapidly cools as more worries about new ideas, more interesting and exciting. Covers issues globally, are more interested in general patterns, so always extra throws. It is able to intuitively select the most promising ideas and deep thinking over it, creates the perfect logical system and defends her.
Tireless, can work during the day. The persistent, diligent, all seeking their own efforts. Works with appliances, feel the quality of items and internal processes. All that is taken, stubbornly follow through. The hardest thing - to relax and unwind.
It seems self-confident and self-sufficient. Estimation of effort and frank approval of the work even more encouraging. In extreme conditions, it becomes more active, more confident. The first takes up the case and take responsibility for its implementation, for his words and for those who perform, especially in critical situations.
Actively seeking and developing ways of economic use of resources (capacity, energy, raw materials), shows and eliminates the weaknesses, it seeks to avoid unnecessary costs and losses. This efficiency allows ILE achieve significant results at the lowest cost. Performs work accessible and easy method. In the manufacture of products for the most important ILE - its quality, durability, comfort, and not beautiful appearance.
Seeks to progressive action, wants to be the creator of the best initiatives, finds the best methods and technologies in order to avoid stagnation. He tries to make the most of their abilities and not to hinder others to show their. Do not closes the circle of interest on itself. Do not divide people into friends and foes, he wants to be helpful all the same. But it requires an understanding of and respect for their own views, aspirations, business, to him personally appreciated and even loved.
SEI (Dumas)
¶
Sensing Ethical Introvert (SEI) ISFp: Si-Fe
Characteristics:
outwardly a friendly and caring person; internally restrained and guarded; observant; witty, enjoys a good discussion; tells jokes and entertaining stories
feels emotions of others and adapts to them; remembers emotions, can finely mimic them when needed
aware of needs of others and responsive to them; responds to concrete behaviors
sensitive to conflict; keeps harmonious atmosphere between others; does not impose his will on others; smooths over any awkwardness
works through unofficial channels; his work capacity depends on his internal rhythms; if he has to criticize someone does so softly
SEI lives by his perceptions and feelings. He creates a welcoming, supportive, carefree, and relaxed atmosphere. He cares about people, creates soulful comfort, notices the subtleties of the human soul. He easy adapts to social groups, knows how to get along with others. He is soft, service-oriented, and good-natured. SEI arranges everything to attract and involve others; he draws people into a vortex of nice, simple, informal communication, and diverts them from global themes and philosophical reflection. He creates an environment where people are able to relax and enjoy themselves.
SEI brings to relations a certain mystique. He knows how to subject to criticism the appearance and thoughts of other people and makes no secret of this; he will jokingly comment what he has noticed, enjoys a modicum of intrigue. By nature SEI is a humorist and satirist. He loves life. Sensitive and delicate by nature, SEI feels and perceives with his body and soul any irritations, comparing and contrasting them with his internal state. In dealing with strangers he is somewhat private and secretive. Comparing his internal state with that particular situation, he may not even absorb immediate everything that is being said to him. The behavior of SEI is always cautious in dealing with others, as he strives not to upset his inner state.
SEI is perceptive of troubles and needs of others, and offers his aid even if it was not requested. He selflessly and readily helps out others. He sensitively cares for emotional experiences of people around him even more so than himself. With pleasure he provides practical advice. He empathizes with the situation of another person, soothing and evening it out. He will listen to stories of others, hear out their problems. Aims to be a reliable stronghold for others. He is not given to criticize or to forcefully try to change others –– it is enough for him to be near them. Possesses a rare gift of being able to adjust himself to other people, as well as to other living beings. Live and let live – this is the basic principle of SEI.
SEI strives to have and do everything right now, without waiting postponing it until later. He wishes to immediately see the results of his labor so that he can estimate their real utility and value. Often does not prepare in advance for work, but rather relies on his ingenuity and improvisation. He avoids routine and prefers to seek out new options. Usually SEI does not show initiative but waits for the necessary tips and instructions. Once he is set, he quickly performs the needed tasks. In work, SEI is cooperative, diligent, modest, and good-natured. He is flexible, adapts to any conditions, and works effectively anywhere.
SEI is at his best when working with people, that is, in social organizations. He needs constant encouragement and support, which is very important for him to gain confidence and to assert himself. For successful operation it is necessary that the work is to his liking; that is brings some kind of concrete, tangible reward; and that and nobody impedes and bothers him. He primarily looks for people who are pleasant to deal with and a workgroup with comfortable emotional atmosphere, hoping that everything else will follow. He finds it difficult to admit his own incompetence in understanding of topics and relationships between them, so he avoids asking questions about this.
Sudden unforeseen changes in the course of the day improve his ability to work, since they require diversity in his choice of action. SEI want to have open possibilities and options in behavior as well as in relationships between people. He is ready to engage in any adventurous undertaking to provide and outlet for his turbulent emotions. SEI is a person of concrete actions. He skillfully works with his hands, sees what work is beneficial, prefers activities that yield a tangible return. He exhausts himself if he takes on more than he can accomplish. After suffering setbacks, he can easily switch his course of action and take up something else. When he is in good state, he is always in uplifted mood; if in poor state – he becomes closed off and estranged. He values time, hoping that time will bring changes to the current situation. Poorly takes to strict systems and regiments, rigid rules and exact operating procedures.
If he is in possession of a plan prepared in advance, SEI can undertake organization of any events: conferences, meetings, talks and symposia, celebrations, anniversaries, festivals. He promotes and popularizes people, things, and ideas, but only within his circle of friends.
ESE (Hugo)
¶
Ethical Sensing Extravert (ESE) ESFj: Fe-Si
Characteristics - Attentive, caring, kindness - Success in practical affairs - Organization of cultural events - sociability You can not expect: - Gratuitous altruism - Flexibility and rapid adaptation - Unemotional attitude to business and people - punctuality
The manifestations of nature in their professional activity Sociable - is able to communicate easily and to tie any contact with people, as well as to establish communication between them. It is best to use their skills where there is a complex system of relations between people. He understands and appreciates the person feels his mood and condition. Relaxed adheres to the rules of communication, successfully establishes deep relationships. The expansive, rarely holds back his emotions. Sensitive, incendiary nature, observes the intricacies of the human soul. Excited, violent emotion, expression of feelings and emotions for ESE - Normal. Able to make new acquaintances with people, instilling optimism, combines them into a group, it is a means of influence. It is gaining adherents by diplomatic means, and expands the scope of activities.
His liveliness and an example to other captures, motivates to work. Supports approves and does not criticize, is able to understand, comfort, praise, rejoice in the successes of others, extends to a person enables him to successfully realize themselves. He believes that it is better to encourage and inspire employees, to convince them of the need to complete the task, not to control every step. Do not forcing people to do something against their will, not impose their own standards of conduct. My dear, encourage others and help them to move towards the goal. Generous external attentions. Not a refusal to the request. Do not accept any prohibitions and restrictions, avoids boredom, petty management and paperwork.
Energetic, tireless, always thinking, what else did. Interested everyone listens when a man and what is not said to be using every opportunity to select among interlocutors new information. Although susceptible to natural conversations and suggestions, but just to talk and engage in a whirlpool of unknown, but because of the adventure for ESE cases almost impossible, no matter how much is explained about its necessity, because considers itself around the knowledgeable person, confident and practical. Stick to your vision, he finds the right people and use them. Tracks in the person of its practicality, usefulness, can appreciate it, for example, whether it is suitable for the case. It gives the opportunity to express themselves to others at the same time keeping a distance.
A leader who gets satisfaction from managing people. He remembers the days of slave birth and tries to inspire pleasant trifles: he loves to give gifts, make people pleasant. Active, sane, mobilized in critical situations. He wants to act immediately or have something now. However, he is trying to time everywhere. It gathers the necessary facts for practical use.
Conservative, has a certain conformity, is not able to go in a new way to this or that phenomenon, to abandon conventional ideas, common provisions. It gives priority to the efficient organization of labor, schedule and internal regulations. If you do not see a particular purpose, integrity, it becomes obsessive, trying to find it elsewhere. Too sprayed, so the need to define other targets.
Advertises, promotes things, objects and people. The decision is made taking into account the human factor. Admiring the new impressions knows how to negotiate in any conditions. Accept new ideas and implement them. Often it is the initiator and organizer of the holiday, celebrations and various types of meetings and conferences, thus creating a good mood.
For ESE closer to the soul than competition and struggle, and cooperation. The work creates a comfortable environment and does not tolerate conflict. Forgive men their weakness. But it does not tolerate arrogance, rudeness, violence, dictatorship. Power pressure opposes the shutter speed and in an attempt to interest meets vigorous rebuff. Confidently reach your goal, even if you want to take the risk.
LII (Robespierre)
¶
Logical Intuitive Introvert (LII) INTj: Ti-Ne
Characteristics:
Excels in analytical thinking; presents his ideas with clarity and some measure of order; notices flaws, alternative options, and brings them up in a discussion.
Mentally comprehends and models the entire system; captures a notion and then systematizes it, suggesting simplified explanations and schematics.
Can distinguish what’s important from what is secondary; however, often neglects details and specifics in presenting material, preferring to present a more general (vague) overview of the topic or the situation.
Careful, does not rush into action; prefers preparation, discussion and mental exploration of options beforehand; takes note of alternative options; dislikes topics that have little potential for mental exploration.
Politely formal and reserved in communication; prefers simple and democratic relations.
LII generalizes and systematizes prospective ideas. He is interested in uncovering underlying regularities and patterns. On foundation of these, he comes up with new ideas, theories and maxims, and corrects the existing ones. His view is abstracted away from the details. Instead he looks into the general processes and uncovers phenomena that lie at their core. He skillfully designs abstracted, generalized schematics and utilizes them. In work and production, he points out potential problems in systems, evaluates and debugs existing programs. He executes his duties with diligence and care.
LII is restrained. He is in good control of himself and his own behavior and does not allow for much deviation. He is an ascetic, with overstated demands for himself and for others, and may restrict himself in all conveniences. He is austere in his thoughts, and does not welcome diversions from the selected course of thought or action.
LII lives in the world of ideas, technologies, methods, algorithms. He carefully and critically considers potentialities, ideas, theories, with “sixth sense” detects possible deviations from projected course of development of events. Considers that the product or result must have certain indispensable characteristics, such as longevity, convenience, but nothing that would be superfluous. He often does not notice or take into consideration anything which may be pleasing from a personal stand point.
He acutely feels contradictions, deficiencies, and latent defects in surrounding world. He can see deficiencies in objects, in people, in society, and reveal them under certain conditions with a slightly ironic tone, in such way so that others also take note of them. He criticizes excessive self-confidence, rashness, does not support brash actions, which are unreasonable from his point of view. He constantly thinks of timeliness or inopportunity of implementation of his intents. Sayings such as “initiative will be penalized” are like a balm for his soul, as he does not consider it is necessary to run ahead. In his opinion, it is best to live with aforethought and reason, and everything else will simply fall into place.
Conceptual work of LIIs consists of bringing together and uniting interdependent views on specific phenomena. He is constantly analyzing, weighting, looking for alternative points of view, trying to understand something relevant. He usually has a lot of questions on any subject that he cannot understand and resolve on his own.
LII is an analyst who sees any system, any problem as a whole. If he has to deal with many details, he puts them together and links them to the whole. He perceives work as series of sensibly and economically weighed steps. Before starting, it is necessary for LII to explore all possibilities and resolve all issues concerning his project or duties, therefore, he tends to ask many questions out of concern. LII usually carries through all his undertakings to their end, overcoming difficulties independently. He is thorough and reliable, and may try to do everything by his own efforts. He prefers to ponder along on complex problems. Challenges, especially mental ones, do not prevent him from carrying out his job.
LII considers his own opinions as the most valid ones and accepts a differing opinion only if it can be made to coincide with his own judgement. He expects others to adjust themselves to meet his conclusions, demands, and judgments. When challenged, he skillfully argues for his rightness, providing meticulous analytic reasoning,that corresponds to how he internally understands the problem. If told that his judgement is not correct, LII may feel irritated. He often feels that he has intellectual advantage, may see himself in position of being “smarter” than others, therefore, it is difficult for him to accept the superiority and authority of another. If put into a position of a leader himself, he can be intolerant of having subordinates who demonstrate more intelligence than him, and thus may seek out those who are less competent—to appear “cleverer” among them.
LII often speaks in brief statements and formulations and provides schematics of his thoughts. May appear to be austere, unemotional person, who rarely displays warm affect*. Healthy LIIs value harmony, reciprocity, and possess a developed sense of self-esteem while not being vain. If LII seeks revenge, he will find and strike at the weakest spot of his opponent. He does not allow himself to be caught unprepared. (* translator’s note: This is more true of Ti-INTjs than Ne-INTjs. The later can have episodes of acute emotional sensitivity.)
LII may feel discouraged when he has to face problems and challenges that necessitate him to deal with the physical world, such as requiring care and provision. When he falls sick, he may not show his ailments not to burden those around him. In such times he needs kind, soft, sensitive attitude for he doesn’t know well how to concern and care for himself.
SLE (Zhukov)
¶
Sensing Logical Extravert (SLE) ESTp: Se-Ti
Characteristics - Confidence and willpower - Organizational skills - initiative - The balance of power in the collective You can not expect: - Softness, pliability - sequence - Foresight results
The manifestations of nature in their professional activity Well-versed in the world of material things. Purposefully solve practical problems, it overcomes difficulties, and adheres to the scheduled plan, trying to do everything on their own. Strong-willed - confident, he feels the strength, freedom and resistance. It controls their actions and deeds. He understands what power, assumes the right to lead. Responsible for the case of those who perform it, especially in critical situations. Smobilizirovan. In extreme conditions, it becomes more active, more confident. Attentive, observant.
Independent. It knows how to push through, to introduce a completely new constructive ideas, organize the order in all structures. To realize their abilities should be a significant thing, extreme situation. Constantly monitors the physical and mental state. Neat and collected. In many situations, it is acting out of habit. A pragmatist, working mainly in the areas of material production. Persevering in the creation of material wealth. Any job - it is concrete, it must necessarily be the result of a weighty monetary reward. It showed great perseverance, he felt the benefit of the work. It delves into the business and become a source of inspiration to others.
Reliable partner. Committed to their work, organizations and society know what are the obligations and will not shy away from them, even if it takes a lot of sacrifice. It has a special ability to organize events and scrupulously adheres to the rules, intolerant of those who do the job without the necessary attention to detail and subtleties, as well as the disruptive factors and misconduct of colleagues.
Shows confidence, perseverance in the implementation of any decisions, work in full force, if there is a clear plan before him. SLE is inherent commitment, desire for power. Sets the rule of law, organize efficient work in the social sphere. Able to provide volitional pressure, struggles with all unviable and defective and organizes the structures that protect society from any harmful elements. The inherent strength of the military reserved.
The head of the authoritarian type. Managing skillfully uses administrative pressure, “tightening the screws”. He knows how to organize efficient work, to maintain discipline, order, cohesion and capacity to act. It identifies in the society and the individual competence of the people. It seeks to approval by that all cases adequately evaluated by others, to have emphasized the greatness and importance of SLE cases. It needs such a person who would be selfless, and even deified SLE.
A sober realist. Inherent passion, high capacity for work. It needs vigorous activity. Quickly perceives relevant, the most constructive idea, is developing a system based on personal experience, it gives a new form of the idea, improving it, making available for practical use. Able to create a qualitatively new laws.
Classifies the facts, it is collecting information and using it successfully. The activity seeks optimal, evidence-based approach, which leads to the desired result. He does not tolerate delay and postponement of implementation of decisions, is responsible for the quality, thoroughness, seriousness, the urgency of the work.
Initiative. The alignment of forces in the team makes the best possible way. Professionalism, competence - these are the qualities that SLE would like to see in others. If someone makes a mistake, it shows the true state of things, and makes an observation, if necessary.
Talented attracts others to work. Energetic, creative, resourceful man, next to which you need to be ready for anything. The most boring job can make interesting. Dislikes prohibitions and restrictions, avoids boredom, petty leadership and bureaucratic delays paper.
IEI (Yesenin)
¶
Intuitive Ethical Introvert (IEI) INFp: Ni-Fe
Characteristics:
observes the timely progression of events; easily sees similarities and picks up on recurring themes
intuitively feels falseness and artificiality in relations; sensitively reacts to conflict, strives to keep up harmonious relations between people when possible
in making decisions orients by intuitive hunches, which he may have trouble clearly explaining even to himself
his work ability depends on his internal state; works sporadically, first idling then dashing into action; prone to delaying and putting work off to the next day
IEI feels how current ideas, plans, and prospects are likely to progress into the future. He watches how effectively a person uses his time, how passage of time influences a person (how a person changes over time). He applies this knowledge, checks and eliminates the unnecessary, optimizes work, searches for ways to do something meaningful with less time expenditures. IEI is prudent and exercises foresight. He is frequently taken up with deep, timeless questions, may gravitate to expressing himself in philosophical or romantic forms. He wants to be competent and well-versed in everything. If he cannot fully grasp a problem, he feels internal discomfort, may become overly verbose. Often, he is an autodidact and strives to educate himself. Often has a negative attitude to all that is commonplace and conventional: traditions, accepted ways of doing things. Enjoys change and periodically he redesigns the interior in his place of residence.
IEI quickly assesses people. He reveals in another person not his present capabilities and potential, but rather deficiencies in his abilities. He understands the contradictions that injure a person’s soul, his weaknesses, his ignorance, his negative emotions. Has a developed sense of nihilism, which in combination with his undervaluation of people’s abilities helps him trace how much a person answers to their purpose. Still, he hopes for a positive outcome.
IEI knows how to adapt to changing conditions and unexpected interruptions in plans. He is restrained, good-natured, and attentive to others. In order to defend himself from criticism for his inherent kindness, he can behave demonstratively sharply and rudely, create confrontations only to demonstrate the strength of his character. He feels unbalanced by opposing points of view and someone disagreeing with his opinion. He gravitates towards those who demonstrate perseverance and assertiveness in reaching their goals.
Most often IEI is soft, balanced, sympathetic person. He easily and successfully works with people in those cases when the initiative comes from others. In a group of familiar people, he effortlessly communicates and constructs a pleasant amicable atmosphere. He adjusts himself to the emotions of others, prognoses how they are going to feel. He will attempt to correct relations among those close to him, explains what one can do to improve relations with people around. He aims for the warmest and most sincere expressions, for complete understanding and trust in interaction, and suffers if he doesn’t find it. Has trouble refusing people’s requests. Earns for the company of people. The best compliments for IEI are calm, quiet, pleasant words.
IEI has an inquisitive mind. He successfully operates where it is necessary to deconstruct, to adjust, to correct, to improve, finish and perfect new designs, theories, and programs. He notices such things that others do not notice. IEI is usually conscientious, diligent worker and takes his responsibilities seriously, though may be slow and unfocused in carrying them out. Can be uncertain in himself, show little initiative, apply sporadic effort in implementation of a project. Strict structure and organization feel oppressive to him, yet at the same time he needs some form of outside organization. He works more productively if his efforts are recognized and denoted as significant, when he is praised for being capable. If he has to work under supervision of a person whom he does not respect, he will not want to do his work. If the work touches him deeply, he immediately becomes taken by it, mentally mobilizes, tries to perfect his understanding, acquire professionalism. He best carries out work that somehow concerns the human condition and people’s problems. He easily puts himself in somebody else’s shoes and assumes another’s state. He is acutely attuned to norms in interaction and people’s relations and communication and tries to hold them up. In work is he more focused on the results, the end product, and may skip details and steps that he feels are slowing him down.
IEI behaves indifferently if his colleagues work poorly, or cannot manage with a problem, but when it contradicts his personal concerns and values, he becomes exacting, assertive, and even entitled. When IEI is the role of a leader, he notices that which is taking place nearby and doesn’t pay attention to what goes on outside of his jurisdiction. He creates extra stress when it is necessary to enact an urgent operation and tries to boost activity, which on the other hand can result in unnecessary fuss and disorganization.
IEI does not forget and never forgives, but he does not show this and tries to keep externally positive relations. He sensitively reacts to insults and offenses. Will later tell about them to his close friends and family members, so they would in some way alleviate his moral losses and pains. If the situation on his work place becomes heated, IEI becomes passive, gloomy, given into sudden bursts of aggression and criticism. This criticism can bring to surface long bygone circumstances and past information, which does not concern the present situation.
EIE (Hamlet)
¶
Ethical Intuitive Extravert (EIE) ENFj: Fe-Ni
Characteristics - Contact with people - Other emotional passion - The ability to avoid danger - moral support You can not expect: - Specific quick impact affaires - The ability to reliably analyze the situation - Unemotional sober view of things
The manifestations of nature in their professional activity Dedicated. Speaker author of a new beginning. It is easy and tying new contacts without voltage values of authoritative people. It strives for good, peaceful relations. Defending the moral norms and human interests, skillfully and eloquently fighting back violators. Realistically evaluate the circumstances and of itself, sure of his need. Do not refuse the request. Always the first where you need help. Constantly trying to take care of a person, and this concern is perceived by outsiders as an obsession. For, while maintaining ethical standards presents it in the form of instruction, supervision, coaching, as a warning to others from any unforeseen trouble. Touts people, objects, ideas, lectures. Resourceful, brings unexpected hypothesis, develops and makes bold experiments, encourages people to work. The initiator of various types of meetings and conferences.
When acquainted with the situation, first of all take into account the possible relations that can influence the course of events. Evaluates things, people - as far as they are needed. With sympathetic to the spiritual world of man. It creates a pleasant atmosphere while communicating. It knows how to persuade and influence, treats the word, convincing and warns man against unforeseen situations. It knows how to give pleasure to others. He sees a man in the positive and negative qualities, the depth of the emotional state.
Uncompromising in achieving their goals, always assembled, attentive. He knows how to boost morale, inspire confidence and courage. Is interested in fighting and searching, pushing new ideas. He does not tolerate stagnation, delay. Active, able-bodied. The more tense circumstances, the more active and resolute. Persevering, purposeful. EE is not easy to deprive the balance. Many significant thing encouraged to use his strength and knowledge. But at the same time it attaches importance to material compensation. If it is desired to receive less, change jobs.
Optimist. He wants to have as a lot of positive emotions, knows how to enjoy the small and be content with it. Incendiary, dynamic, expansive. It has the development of attention, memory. Interested in extraordinary events, extraordinary people. It has developed fantasy and imagination. It provides for the development of events in time.
Before you start to do something more difficult in choosing, as the internal uncertainty leads to contradictions such as “to be or not to be.” Takes possession of the largest possible amount of information before making an important step in solving problems is very necessary. He believes that in order to avoid possible errors need to carefully prepare for the unexpected moments in every situation, to create a safe environment for themselves and others. The developed sense of anxiety and danger leads to a state of mobilization and even does not tolerate if someone was standing behind him.
Frank, open, always think that we can say, and what is not necessary, because take into account the emotional state of the person. He sees the essence of man, his qualities, predicts behavior. I am sure that any work - is the sphere for applying the efforts of the whole team: uplifting, encouraging people to run the task in the best way. We arrange all the places.
His emotions are not shy and does not hide. The depth, variety and intensity of emotions - that’s what EE is most valued in themselves and others. Able to easily light up a promising new business and encourage him to anyone. Restlessness. Wherever he worked, it is an artistic kind.
Valuing your knowledge and demands the respect and dignity, and objectively evaluate others. The words with deeds. Intensified craving for money is not a long time but can talk or think about it. EIE feel where they are in sufficient quantity, and what kind of work without much effort can bring cash income.
LSI (Maxim Gorky)
¶
Logical Sensing Introvert (LSI) ISTj: Ti-Se
Characteristics:
Carefully studies anything he is interested in, explores the subject in detail; analytical in his reasoning and attentive to specifics; after he has studied and analyzed an idea tries to explain and teach it to others; thematically and ideologically inflexible and conservative.
Exacting and demanding of himself and others; protective of those who are under his care.
Excels at noticing and manipulating physical properties of people and objects.
Can take action and move ahead without thinking of the consequences and potential aftereffects, slowing down only later in case of negative outcome.
Formal and polite in communication though may also become brash and insensitive.
LSI relies on the logically and objectively justified maxims. In everything he is inclined to systematization. He is an analyzer – in conversation constructs logical connections between different phenomena, laying them out consequently. He clarifies and elucidates, and searches for maximum amount of available and required information. He will ask about every detail of the subject of conversation, attempt to clarify everything for himself, to understand how beneficial something might be.
He easily concentrates his attention, observes movements of objects and actions of people around him. He can maintain any territory that has been entrusted to him, orients on it easily. Demands action and activity from others. If needed, knows how to shake others up and mobilize them, to stir up his surroundings, to get things moving. Encountering an urgent situation, he does not postpone its resolution until much later. Remembers location of different objects wherever he finds himself. Takes note of details of appearance of people, remembers features of their faces. Orients well in material world, critically evaluating the purpose and value of various objects. He is aware and knowledgeable of the use of different objects around him, skillfully utilizes and applies them.
Conceptual work of LSI consists of concentrated and premediated consideration of different existing viewpoints concerning some concrete application. He seriously thinks over importance of some accepted idea, tries to evaluate its relevance and necessity, to embody it into life and start operations. He skillfully explains and proves his view points for those around him, but accepts other viewpoints only if they somehow can be made to coincide with his own. He quickly takes up the most relevant and practiced theory, inspects it, adds new concrete forms.
LSI gathers necessary knowledge and facts, and working with them rarely commits mistakes. Engages only in realistically beneficial and practical matters and exhibits a lot of tenacity and persistence when he feels that his work will be profitable. He inspects the activities of his team, coordinates and regulates quality of work. Knows his obligations and responsibilities and will not waver from them. He does not delay work or put off tasks until later, as he feels urgency in implementation. LSI cannot follow through with his work if he does not have a clear idea of what needs to be done or a precisely formulated plan before him; he does not tolerate ambiguity very well.
Usually knows whom he should refer to and how this person should be approached. Respects competence in people. Appreciates those who can understand him from half-word and accept his reasoning and judgements, otherwise he feels annoyed. Welcomes counsel concerning future development of events for he enjoys foreknowing what he is getting himself into. He expects others to re-adjust themselves to meet his evaluations, demands, and decisions and feels irritated when his judgements are challenged. Does not immediately develop a “feel” for other people upon meeting them, thus is somewhat reserved and suspicious, and gives little consideration to those who are not familiar to him. Usually he is respectful of existing hierarchy if he agrees with it; if not, he may choose to leave.
LSI is constrained and tolerant, unimposing, in control of himself. He manifests coldness, dryness, inaccessibility [this is more true of Ti-ISTjs than Se-ISTjs, the later can have episodes of acute emotional sensitivity]. His demeanor may appear austere and unyielding, but in reality LSI is deeply sensitive by nature, however, he does not like to show this. Often he is ambitious, sometimes even conceited. If he is overseeing or governing, he may apply pressure and “fasten the screws” to create a sense of distress.
LSI does not allow deflection from the planned course, eliminates deviations that don’t coincide with his own conception of how things should run. He requests that instructions are followed in consecutive steps [LSI is a process type]. He is demanding, enduring, exacting, and scrupulous in work and intolerant of laxity, inaccuracy, and disorganization. As a worker he is accurate and composed. When taking action he is often insular and may act on his own, stepping forward and going ahead of others, but lets them join him if they wish. May act or say something without thinking through the consequences, and then come to regret it later. He is impatient and firm, puts before himself and others challenging demands that must be met. Does not like frivolity in behavior, excessive conversation, gossip, incompetence, failure. Deeply feels internal conflicts. Strives to rid himself of any personal discomfort as soon as possible. When he feels threatened or angered, he starts finding small faults, becomes insensitive, scoffs and belittles others. He seeks to damage everything and proceeds to terrorize those around him. Will look for malefactors and culprits among others.
LSI is a stoic and an ascetic. He is a hardened person of great endurance. He knows how to get himself mobilized and how to act in challenging life situations. He can calmly execute repetitive work. He overcomes challenges realistically evaluating his actions and efforts he has expanded. He works at a steady pace. Possesses awareness of details of his work, but if these details overcomplicate the situation this unbalances him.
SEE (Napoleon)
¶
Sensing Ethical Extravert (SEE) ESFp: Se-Fi
Characteristics - penetrative - Commercial and diplomatic skills - sociability - curiosity You can not expect: - Organization and consistency - The ability to assign responsibilities - Punctuality and commitment
The manifestations of nature in their professional activity The vital element SEE - this hectic desire to engage in extraordinary cases. He knows how to show himself in specific situations. Trample, confidently overcoming obstacles, resolutely go to the target, persistently reaches it. It counteracts volitional pressure and violence. Do not tolerate subordination, subjection, attempts to undermine freedom. Courageous, rebellious, requires complete freedom of action .. If something sights, you will not let her. The risk - this is the normal state of life. The sense of danger is often not an alarm, and combat excitement to fight back immediately. Destroys dysfunctional system, it tends to have a free choice. If necessary, put pressure, especially when you do not perform the tasks provided by SEE. Can dramatically to make a point for the unperformed work, especially since SEE clearly see the need for this work, and have aimed to get the result. All makes to immediately see the results of their work, assess its real benefit, because trying to get everything done immediately, without postponing. SEE is not an altruist - inappropriate business is not engaged, believes that all efforts should be rewarded financially.
Strong-willed. Power for the SEE - is primarily a demanding attitude toward themselves and control their own actions, conscious desire to achieve the goal. Leader. It seeks to manage people, feels the right to own and dispose of anything at its discretion, but does not interfere with other work. Being at the head office directs attention primarily on the specific details of activity as the entire organization, as well as on individuals. She remembers birthdays subordinates and trying to embellish the work pleasant trifles: likes to make people pleasant, give gifts. Feels inner discomfort, if there is not enough knowledge about the things people collect the necessary information through communication, so always have time to see everything, where, what and how.
Vigorously working and tireless in communication. Sincere, rapidly shows the joy, enthusiasm and optimism. Active. A sensible and proactive. Vanity and ambition expressed not by much. He understands the depth of human emotions, sensitive: sympathizes, without regard to their own circumstances, help advice and practical support. Always find the desired word, encourage or console counterparts - there are no problems. Relaxing tension distract themselves and others from serious thoughts, it inspires faith in the triumph of life.
Diligent. Good learning, specialized, acquiring practical skills and habits in different occupations but, if you do not like the specialty, it quickly changes. Looking for a specific, productive work, to do everything with their hands and have practical benefits. Knows how to collect the necessary data to solve practical problems. To take care of people really helps them. He understands the difficulties of any situation. It works stably, knows how much you need to spend effort to perform a specific job. Picking up a large number of cases, however, always tends to catch.
Most successfully realizes itself in activities related to communication, and this is an area of social services. He knows how to create comfort, comfort, believes that the mood rises in man only when he is in a comfortable room. In any event wants everyone to feel comfortable, we do not remain on the sidelines of discussed problems. Helpful. It is easy to get along in a group, attracted to people.
When meeting drew more attention to appearance rather than listening to the conversation content: once seen as disadvantages and attractive side, though listening attentively.
It feels emotional state (anxiety, feeling, mood) as the other person, and his own. Understands, knows and appreciates the person, creates a good mood. Organizer of various kinds of meetings, celebrations, anniversaries, scientific meetings, conferences, symposia (SEE science itself has been rare), theatrical performances, rites. Conducts quality any promotions: offers, promotes and advocates how things and people. Can organize charities.
ILI (Balzac)
¶
Intuitive Logical Introvert (ILI) INTp: Ni-Te
Characteristics:
spends time observing and studying recurring events; delays action in favor of observation and mental projections
takes note of conflicting points embedded in some proposal, idea, or someone’s position; criticizes with confidence
feels impeded and frustrated by expressions of extraverted, associative emotions and excess familiarity
inclined to express pessimistic point of view admonishing others about potential future failures and flaws; does not like overly optimistic prognoses
Natural state for ILI is to engage in gathering of information, separating it into qualitatively distinctive parts, differentiating main aspects of an object from its insignificant and secondary aspects. ILI accumulates information, characterizes, compares and contrasts events, observes what is happening around him, on basis of this he can predict the future progression of affairs. His thinking is abstracted, far removed from concrete actual happenings. He constantly keeps track of the developments in society and compares them with his own planned script. ILI prefers to exercises foresight. Before he takes on any project, he thinks for a long time, premediates and weights the timeliness or inopportunity of acting. He has acute sense of passage of time, prognoses events, and warns people close to him about undesirable consequences, pitfalls, and dangers. If he finds a matter which supports his own motives and needs, then, to the contrary, he becomes more active and operative and even rushes events; at this time it is almost impossible to halt him or make him change his mind.
ILI is well aware of the struggle and conflict of the opposites. He demarks good and evil. Possesses vulnerable sense of self-worth, but is given to self-deprecation rather than vanity.
He puts forward various prospective hypotheses and ideas and elaborates on them. He describes and defines particular features and peculiarities of people and objects, comments on his own personal value judgements concerning them. He is adept at working with details of the whole. He compares and contrasts them, thus easily models, modernizes, and constructs new upgrades and modifications. Working with concrete objects he perceives not as much the exterior form, as its internal processes. Can be uncertain in himself, show little initiative, apply sporadic effort in implementation of a project.
He is very perceptive of latent character defects as well as lack of dynamicity and vitality. Doubtful, skeptical, and pessimistic by nature. He does not rush to results and conclusions, doubts even his own judgements, does not immediately trust any new propositions, and often delivers negative prognoses. He mistrustfully and critically refers to any new ideas and theories, understands their innate contradictions, unoperativeness, and possible deflections from accepted norms. Before business talks, he thinks over all the details beforehand, in order to be competent and show a discerning point of view.
ILI critically estimates potentialities of production of any commodity, discerns how well it meets present requirements. He refers to all conventional things as traditions and norms with sarcasm. He readily criticizes any unfounded optimism and self-confidence of those who disagree with his prognoses and those who act brashly. Often has a developed sense of nihilism. Does not easily trust relations between people.
With pleasure ILI contemplates on any topic and virtuously gives his stories, plots, and prognoses a picturesque coloring. He has a preference for independent thinking and intellectual battles. Some ILIs also posses great precision of thought and ability to precisely to state what they mean. With words he strings out a complete picture. ILIs can create his own standard typological systems which help him orient in life when dealing with people and relationships, makes associations between people’s traits and their possible notions and beliefs.
ILI starts to act only when he feels necessity and usefulness and will not do things haphazardly. He does not make superfluous efforts, does not force himself to work. He makes rational propositions to improve production by accessible and established methods. He can critically evaluate technical methods, knows their capabilities. He also estimates his own possibilities as well as possibilities of his team with the purpose of implementation of operation by an effective method with the least expenditures.
LIE (Jack London)
¶
Logical Intuitive Extravert (LIE) ENTj: Te-Ni
Advantages: - The dynamism, enthusiasm, efficiency - The practical implementation of innovations - Business risk, originality solutions - Forecast the profitability and prospects of events You can not expect: - Care in routine matters - Suspended in the decision-making - tact - Order and neatness The manifestations of nature in their professional activity Systematize phenomena, feeling their essence, creates a circuit, grinds them, makes it more affordable to produce, lays on any composite structure. Keeps track of the properties of raw materials, the possibility of objects energy potential, communication and development of the phenomena and events in time. It summarizes and logically analyze any situation and event. The detail and care about the extra little details. He sees patterns of processes in nature and society. It generates extraordinary, “adventurous”, the idea of large-scale long-term value. Actively seeking the simplest, the most promising idea. Deeply its processes and create for her the perfect logical system, giving it dynamism. In an embodiment it uses economic, effective and affordable methods of performance, achieving significant results at the lowest cost.
Stubborn - in any case insisted. Impatient. Independently solves any problem. To sign a contract with the right partner, is considering a variety of options for different situations in order to get favorable companion. Solving problems with a partner, acting always in agreement, does not hide the intentions and plans openly conducts business.
It does not recognize the authorities, but takes into account hierarchy. Restless, so LIE best vacation - this is a great, grand, noble cause worth to devote his whole life. Fights around the full freedom, feels always ahead. If promises, be sure to perform. Always he will do what he has set for itself, and thus no one should interfere. It makes long-term plans and is working on its own plan.
He understands the importance of money as a method for the production and maintenance of the system, as well as sufficient material to meet the needs of each person. For example, not refuse a request to raise the salary, not to lose the professional and not let go to work at a competing firm.
It feels inner discomfort, if it has no adequate means to implement their plans, requires appropriate financial security for all of life’s needs.
Persistent. Hardy. Successfully works where you need to implement new projects and programs, especially in science, engineering, production. It creates conditions and monitors the execution of the work, encourages and supports the initiative. It makes long-term plans. Quickly it is guided in difficult situations, able to get to the bottom of problems.
It is easy to communicate on any topic. Fast captures and stores information. Curious. Admires all new, progressive, able to capture this other.
Made considered insignificant in terms of new perspectives from which can not refuse, for he sees their inexhaustible possibilities. He thinks about what would have to be, not what it is.
Life takes realistic. A natural leader, in which he lives a sense of heroic romance. Romantic, not only in thought but also in the actions (Elemental): inclined to idealize the people and life. He is living in a world of his ideas, which inspire new initiatives in introducing them to life. Do not tolerate silence, mental suffering, trouble. Do not hide hostility, would not stand, and be sure to say so.
Unassuming. With the ease of making new acquaintances with interesting and necessary people. Appreciates in people professionalism and competence. Able to support the business relationship without the ceremonies that have a shade of light jokes. It creates a good relationship, but it has a strong pressure those who violate the rules of adventures LIE.
ESI (Dreiser)
¶
Ethical Sensing Introvert (ESI) ISFj: Fi-Se
Characteristics:
analytical in thinking; critically evaluates people and relationships; does not adapt to others, instead insists on her own judgements
stubborn, difficult to persuade otherwise; direct and to the point in communication
excels at noting and manipulating physical aspects of people and objects
expedient, efficient, and energetic; oriented at the results; may omit the details and skip steps in the process of doing something
thematically and ideologically conservative; doesn’t easily see potential for change; thus may appear to conservative, harsh, and unyielding in her evaluations and estimates
ESI is usually cooperative and agreeable. She pays attention to her relationships with other people, may speak of their inner personal qualities, is perceptive of emotional states and moods of others. She is stable and consistent in her own values, principles, and evaluations, does not readily deviate from them and change course, even if conditions are unfavorable. Sometimes ESI seems insular, self-contained, and estranged. She knows how to relate to people, but does this carefully, making new acquaintances with caution, even fear. After first contact has been made, she distances and waits for some time to become certain in reliability and trustworthiness of her new acquaintance. Whatever the decision may be, she will always give preference to personal factors, filtering information from the stand point of this person’s internal qualities.
ESI considers personal factors in relations. She is well-wishing, kind and compassionate towards those whom she considers to be close to her. She is attentive and empathetic of their joys and sorrows. She evaluates other people’s experiences by comparing them to her own. She quickly picks up on visual cues and responds to them if needed. In teams, she supports others by empathizing with their troubles. At times she can become so absorbed with helping someone else that she starts thinking of it as granted. She needs to feel her own necessity.
ESI does not allow anyone to interfere with her personal life and her own moods. She is usually in control of herself, self-absorbed, and self-directed. She needs to spend some time to herself in order to recharge, and may choose to work alone. If needed be, she does not wait for help and does everything on her own. When ESI feels that someone has breached her conception of what personal conduct and relations should be like, she shows intolerance. She is generally mistrusting of people because she is is acutely attuned to deficiencies in personal qualities of those whom she meets. She does not tolerate people who have disappointed her, offended or insulted her, who bring evil, betrayal, meanness, cowardice, hypocrisy. At the same time it may be difficult to dissuade her from such harsh judgements because she doesn’t easily see people’s potential for change. She will resist any kind of pressure and attempts to subordinate her or restrain her freedom.
Noticing deficiencies in behavior of her acquaintances, or in society that she lives in, she criticizes them, thus bringing to attention the actual state of things. Often the judgement that she makes are too sharp and seem too hastily drawn, but this is how she asserts herself. Sometimes her conclusions may seem superficial. ESI herself tolerates conflicts with great difficulty and suffers for a long time if she had a fight with someone who is close to her. She may lose control of herself and pour all her negativity on others.
ESI makes for a diligent worker, can carry out repetitive tasks if required. She easily takes on new jobs and learns the required skills, especially if these involve manipulation of physical objects (i.e. manual work). She strives to finish any project she has started without spending much attention on small losses, mishaps, or mistakes. When the work is enjoyable to her, her patience becomes practically boundless. She often keeps her displeasure to herself. She tries to carry out her work swiftly, and get to the desired results as quickly as she can. For her efforts she prefers concrete and immediate rewards in compensation. She will not take up inexpedient, pointless assignments.
ESI has a no-nonsense approach to her work and to her life. She performs best at jobs that require her to deal with concrete objects or goods, and where it is necessary to relate with people. Appreciates encouragement, positive support, and advice on how to carry out her work more expediently. She knows how to advertise and popularize people or objects, how to create an attractive appearance. This makes her well suited for work in an advertisement agency or a charity organization.
ESI does not appreciate untidiness, slovenliness in appearance. Values those who unobtrusively and modestly demonstrate their capabilities, talents, and appearance. Herself she usually dresses modestly, appropriately, and with taste.
Often she has some dose of conformity. She does not always keep up with latest technologies and innovations. It is difficult for her to abandon her old methods and values. She will always defend her position, especially where it concerns her material assets and her physical territory. ESI keenly orients in material-domestic sphere, in particular where there is relevance to social services. She is well versed in the use and application of tools and objects that are indispensable for personal well-being.
IEE (Huxley)
¶
Intuitive Ethical Extravert (IEE) ENFp: Ne-Fi
Characters - The dynamism, enthusiasm, efficiency - The practical implementation of innovations - Business risk, originality solutions - Forecast the profitability and prospects of events You can not expect: - Care in routine matters - Suspended in the decision-making - tact - Order and neatness
The manifestations of nature in their professional activity Systematize phenomena, feeling their essence, creates a circuit, grinds them, makes it more affordable to produce, lays on any composite structure. Keeps track of the properties of raw materials, the possibility of objects energy potential, communication and development of the phenomena and events in time. It summarizes and logically analyze any situation and event. The detail and care about the extra little details. He sees patterns of processes in nature and society. It generates extraordinary, “adventurous”, the idea of large-scale long-term value. Actively seeking the simplest, the most promising idea. Deeply its processes and create for her the perfect logical system, giving it dynamism. In an embodiment it uses economic, effective and affordable methods of performance, achieving significant results at the lowest cost.
Stubborn - in any case insisted. Impatient. Independently solves any problem. To sign a contract with the right partner, is considering a variety of options for different situations in order to get favorable companion. Solving problems with a partner, acting always in agreement, does not hide the intentions and plans openly conducts business.
It does not recognize the authorities, but takes into account hierarchy. Restless, so LIE best vacation - this is a great, grand, noble cause worth to devote his whole life. Fights around the full freedom, feels always ahead. If promises, be sure to perform. Always he will do what he has set for itself, and thus no one should interfere. It makes long-term plans and is working on its own plan.
He understands the importance of money as a method for the production and maintenance of the system, as well as sufficient material to meet the needs of each person. For example, not refuse a request to raise the salary, not to lose the professional and not let go to work at a competing firm.
It feels inner discomfort, if it has no adequate means to implement their plans, requires appropriate financial security for all of life’s needs.
Persistent. Hardy. Successfully works where you need to implement new projects and programs, especially in science, engineering, production. It creates conditions and monitors the execution of the work, encourages and supports the initiative. It makes long-term plans. Quickly it is guided in difficult situations, able to get to the bottom of problems.
It is easy to communicate on any topic. Fast captures and stores information. Curious. Admires all new, progressive, able to capture this other.
Made considered insignificant in terms of new perspectives from which can not refuse, for he sees their inexhaustible possibilities. He thinks about what would have to be, not what it is.
Life takes realistic. A natural leader, in which he lives a sense of heroic romance. Romantic, not only in thought but also in the actions (Elemental): inclined to idealize the people and life. He is living in a world of his ideas, which inspire new initiatives in introducing them to life. Do not tolerate silence, mental suffering, trouble. Do not hide hostility, would not stand, and be sure to say so.
Unassuming. With the ease of making new acquaintances with interesting and necessary people. Appreciates in people professionalism and competence. Able to support the business relationship without the ceremonies that have a shade of light jokes. It creates a good relationship, but it has a strong pressure those who violate the rules of adventures LIE.
SLI (Gabin)
¶
Sensing Logical Introvert (SLI) ISTp: Si-Te
Characteristics:
collects experiences; optimizes everything to minimize amount of effort that has to be put in; creative laziness, idles in conversation until the right opportunity or idea presents itself, inventive
may seem emotionally closed off to the external world; restrained emotional saturation; does not like boisterous associative emotions
stubborn, criticizes with confidence but has a live-and-let-live attitude
doesn’t take up tasks that don’t bring real results
in movements smooth, concrete, economical; goes by his own tastes
SLI lives by his internal perceptions of the world that surrounds him. He acutely feels the physical form, content, colors and shapes of objects; often possesses an aesthetic taste. He is of a sensitive inner nature and can take in impressions so deeply that he has the ability to blend in with his environment. He derives enjoyment from art and literature and can analyze, evaluate, and even subject to criticism artistic and literary works, as well as the appearance of people and objects. In such matters, he feels himself to be an expert and grows irritated when others do the same. He is proud and ambitious, and painfully responds to critical remarks. Though he will admit to mistakes, he never apologizes or does so with great difficulty. By creative imagination, he is able to create an artistic image or design – in an arrangement of objects, or a selection of clothes that suits the image and style of a particular person rather than fashion.
SLI loves life in all its forms and manifestations, thus he cherishes everything. He looks for adventures that could take his breath away, as well as people and work that he can enjoy. If he cannot find these things, he feels inner discomfort and loses his purpose in life. He creates a comfortable atmosphere using the objects in his vicinity. Strives in everything towards comfort, pleasure, convenience, elegance, for both the body and the soul. He can philosophize in a relaxed, carefree, spontaneous atmosphere, which can be created among people who are pleasant to him. He often holds positive opinions about other people, and if among friends he readily gives out compliments. He retains feelings for his family and friends for a long time. He does not trust open displays of feelings and refers to them with aversion.
SLI is a person of concrete action and evaluations. He requires that he is provided with the amount of work, shown purpose and goals, while SLI develops methods and implements them. SLI strives for convenience in all things. He brings about order, such that both things and people would have their own specific purpose. Easily seeks out information necessary for the situation. Relies on that which has been externally supported and verified; classifies it for practical use, but doesn’t know what to do with it further and instead waits for the appropriate opportunity. From the previously gathered information through his experiences, a constructive idea arises in the mind of SLI. He quickly perceives which is the most relevant, the most practical idea, analyzes it, gives it new forms, and takes on its implementation, that is to bring idea to practical use. He understands classification, statistics, computing, utility, effort and energy expended in implementing technologies, processes, methods into life.
In a working environment, SLI may appear insensitive and reserved. He does not get into conversations that do not relate to the tasks at hand, but will unobtrusively listen to others. He is often calm, attentive, and private. Intolerant of slackness and slovenliness in work, and anything that impedes his work and chosen plan of action. He values professionalism and competence in other people. Feels his own competence on the job when he has amassed a large number of repetitions or familiar operations. He is enduring and hard-working and has a sober approach to life in its physical as well as cultural manifestations. Demanding of himself and others, but does not nitpick over details. In work, he coordinates actions of other people. He strives for independence and autonomy and poorly takes to being under someone else care and micromanagement. When starting on something, he thinks things over, does not take on hasty actions and conclusions, especially when his plans depends on the character of another person. Through perseverance and hard work can achieve success in scientific fields. His main goal in work is to become a professional (master) in his field.
SLI is a person of pragmatic, no-nonsense character; he is well versed in the object-material world. He excels at work that is directly related to bringing in tangible benefits. Nevertheless, his approach to work is always creative – he approaches it with inspiration and optimism. He finds it easy to improvise, to accept a role. His priorities in work is the moral and emotional satisfaction that he derives from it, that it is for his heart and his soul. He has to know what he is working for, what he has to do, and what result and benefits are expected. For SLI it is important to work for his satisfaction, so that his initiative is not impeded and his creative impulses are not undermined. In the absence of these conditions, he feels his own uselessness, worries that others can do without him, that his initiatives have been undervalued. Work for SLI is one of this type’s vital values.
LSE (Stierlitz)
¶
Logical Sensing Extravert (LSE) ESTj: Te-Si
Characteristics - Stability and consistency - Quality organization of work - Accuracy, discipline and thrift - Practical approach You can not expect: - Speed and composure in extreme situations - Flexibility of behavior according to the situation changes - Concessions in retaining their positions
The manifestations of nature in their professional activity It feels shortcomings, discrepancies and incompetence of any system and improve it. Able available to explain and establish a system of labor organization. Tireless work. But in order to realize itself in the best way, is self-explanatory as to the purpose and nature of the work, which will show a complete picture of the total. By working with concrete things, efficiently organizes work, creates favorable conditions for its implementation, mobilizes and supports the discipline of the order. Demanding. It monitors the progress of the work, while giving each independence. It allows you to show initiative and deprives a person of excessive accountability. It attracts a job that will bring income, looking for the most favorable options to implement it as soon as possible.
Neat and collected worker. Sparingly using resources that are not at risk. Understand the usefulness and importance of a case and expended effort and energy. Roots developed, perfected products in mass production. He is trying to eliminate the chaos in society and creates the possibility for the functioning of a stable, regulated market. It shows professionalism and competence. He works diligently, trying to fulfill all the ropes, polishing every little detail, attracts not only the result but also the process. Carrying out a responsible job, relies on the timely initiation and persistence. Adheres to regulations at work and at home, trying to find every thing its place. All that is taken, it is possible, and quickly achieves good results. It seems self-confident and self-sufficient. Loves candid endorsement of his work, is offended, if efforts are not evaluated.
Stubborn - silently, not objecting is on his own, can make even in spite of pre-specified decision to break the coordinated action, sometimes illogically. Always skillfully he proves his innocence, even if wrong. The initiative, a strong, open and guileless, boldly defends and protects the interests and constructive ideas. Manuals are not afraid, and sometimes can even be aggressive. He tends to direct and open statement of their own views, which sometimes can lead to disputes. It is better to do the work where needed complete independence in decision-making. Hardy, persistent, able-bodied, if there is a material interest. Clearly felt and adheres to the chain of command, he knows how and who to contact.
Nicety - hard at something to please, pretentious. If not clearly define for themselves the purpose, sprayed, all wanting to get done immediately, not time, is nervous, blames others.
Realist. It has a stable outlook, and true to his views. Brutal for themselves but not for others. It does not always listen to the opinions of subordinates, or those who do not have sufficient qualifications. Patient - knows how to be silent, to endure physical and mental suffering, trouble. Even when the situation requires to deal with something unpleasant, undesirable, will continue to suffer and at the same time feel a great dislike for someone or something, but until then, until the “fall through.” Then fundamentally solve the situation once and for all.
Supervisory and attentive. It needs activity. I like people with a pleasant appearance, neat, physically smart, healthy in body and spirit. Pay attention to the prestigious appearance, as well as physical data. Do not suffer in other slackness in work. It has a practical approach to life in the material and spiritual spheres.
When in power, imparts stability and confidence in the work order. Seeks to a charitable cause, guardianship, intercession. FEL power is not coercive, is trust, love.
EII (Dostoevsky)
¶
Ethical Intuitive Introvert (EII) INFj: Fi-Ne
Characteristics:
aims to establish and maintain positive relationships with people; is discerning of those whom will get along well with her
explorative and analytical in thinking; brings up unusual, improbable, and alternative information for discussion; easily sees connections between different theories and concepts
socially open, warm, and receptive; able to see the potential for people to change, thus is forgiving and sometimes too trusting; however, if she is let down, she becomes excessively distrustful and wary
conscientious in carrying out her tasks; assiduous, pays attention to detail; enjoys comfortable, well-managed and well-organized work
EII is oriented at being useful to people around her. She directs her energies at sympathizing and taking care of others. Judicious, analytical of people’s personalities. She skillfully finds implicit links and associations and provides her evaluations of people’s behavior. If information is coming from someone she is unfamiliar with, she does not accept it at once, but will carefully evaluate it for validity. EII is interested in everything. She possesses rich, well-developed imagination, and grows bored if her mind and imaginative faculties are not stimulated. She sees all kinds of possibilities and variations, which sometimes make her indecisive. She finds it difficult implement these into real life, however, and requires support of someone who is more adept at handing such tasks.
EII is often amiable and compassionate towards others, shows her goodwill by compliments, though she may allow herself more insensitivity and crudeness towards people who are not in her good favor, or who make her feel thwarted or threatened. She is very sensitive towards remarks concerning her performance and abilities. She grows intolerant of those who do not agree with her evaluations of personal and ethical matters, her judgements on issues of friendship and love, character and relationships. In such instances she may lose her composure, become angry and even forceful. If someone has offended her, she won’t rest until she receives an apology or a compensation.
Some EIIs may exhibit a martyr complex [this probably applies more to EIIs of type 2]. She finds it difficult to refuse a request. Rarely and only among close people does she disclose her innermost feelings and opinions; most of these she keeps inside to herself. Does not like loud, boisterous adulation and compliments. Prefers quiet acknowledgement and understanding of her issues.
EII knows how to maintain emotional comfort in communication; indeed she is constantly aiming for this. When interacting with a person, she carefully listens to what he or she has to say, in this manner getting access to their inner world. She easily perceives implicit emotional cues and skillfully orients herself by them. Tries not to offend others but keep good, positive relations with them. Generous with compliments, especially towards those whom she favors. EII sees the possible paths of development of someone’s personality. She searches for latent talents, gets easily captivated by promising and interesting individuals. In her inner estimates, she seeks links to concrete behaviors, and on these she bases her evaluations. She is a natural psychologist.
EII tries to understand and make independent, discerning judgements of the cultural values of the society that surrounds her. Quickly picks up on current information and works with it effortlessly. She is especially receptive to information in verbal form. Erudite – wants to know and encompass everything. Strives to educate herself, to learn as much as possible, to attain additional accreditation and diplomas, and encourages same in others.
She works without changing her planned course of action; unexpected changes can throw her off balance. In work, she is thorough, meticulous, accurate in her work, and carries out her instructions consecutively. Appreciates good organization, reasonable, methodical approaches, clarity in instructions and work plans. May ask a lot of questions to clarify completely what her duties are. Tries to maintain harmonious relations with people within her work group. EIIs usually make for conscientious, thorough, reliable workers with a developed sense of responsibility. |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/profile_weisband_aushra.html | Socionics Type Descriptions by Weisband and Aushra¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Socionics Type Descriptions by Weisband and Aushra
¶
Socionics type descriptions compiled by Igor Weisband from materials by
Aushra Augustinavichiute “Working Papers on Socionics”.
ILE (Don Quixote)
¶
ILE - ENTp (Ne,Ti)
Don Quixote - a hero or the world’s most famous literary work (author: Miguel Cervantes, Spain).
1. Two birds in the bush [he often chooses this option instead of one in
his hand]. He is a genius at finding new opportunities and
possibilities. What he has completed always seems to him less important
compared to the dawning perspectives which are irresistible an
inexhaustible. Scientists of this type tend to procrastinate with the
publishing of the results of their research, thinking that the greatest
discoveries are still ahead. He lives for the future; meanwhile being
not acknowledged does not intimidate him. He chooses to do what is
interesting rather than what is lucrative.
2. Recharge. He needs to feel emotional enthusiasm and ardor, and thus
needs permanent sensory and emotional “recharge”. He is unable to supply
it himself, so he depends a lot on his surrounding. If nobody feeds him
with impressions and positive emotions (nobody can do it as well as his
dual The Mediator) he mopes about life, loses ability to work and
taste for life. To compensate for the absence of his dual he begins to
mix with a lot of friends, becomes active in social projects, starts up
clubs or scientific schools (Sigmund Freud, a representative of this
type, invented the concept of sublimation to explain this fact).
3. A leader. He is a good organizer because he remarks potential
possibilities in people and situations. If he is to wield power, he
needs justification for it: why he must take that position, e.g. a
critical situation that nobody else can deal with, assignment from the
top. When he takes power, he begins to analyze the needs of his
subordinates, tries to provide them with everything and only then makes
the necessary demands on them.
4. A servant. His dependence on the emotional ambiance of others
produces an effect of extreme compliance in minor and routine things.
Having freed himself thus from having to pay attention to such
unpleasant things, he switches for his favorite activity figuring out
the essence of things and phenomena. He does not differentiate people
into us and them, tries to be equally polite to everybody.
5. Undifferentiated feeling. He believes that all people in their
essence are kind and love one another. Therefore he looks funny enough
when the situation requires initiative in expressing feelings they are
not his line at all.
6. Danger. Critical situations pep him up as much as good others
emotions. The more emotions and panic there is around him, the more
active and assertive he becomes. It is impossible to intimidate him an
attempt to do so produces just the opposite outcome. He willingly takes
responsibility in critical situations; however, in peaceful and quiet
conditions he starts to doubt his right to occupy a responsible
position, gets frustrated by the competition and leaves.
7. Liberty of communication. He likes familiarity in communication,
however, does not show initiative in this, but awaits it from others.
SEI (Dumas)
¶
SEI - ISFp (Si,Fe)
Alexandre Dumas Sr. - the French writer.
1. He is amicable, always appears optimistic and in a good spirits. He
does not impose his will on others, hiding his real feelings. He is
always equally warm, caring, smiling. He does not like to ask and
moreover to demand favors, and strives to satisfy his needs through his
own efforts.
2. He appreciates all the facets of life, finely experiences nature and
the arts. He is capable of remembering and reproducing emotions once
experienced. Ayvazovsky painted his seascapes in a room with dark red
walls and windows looking out in the opposite direction of the sea. He
loves pleasures and knows how to bestow them an artist in loving.
3. Attentive and considerate. Tries not to infringe on others comfort.
His very quick and consciously controlled emotional reactions aim to
test or alter the emotions of the others. This results in many jokes
if they are out of turn he immediately takes them back. He is
permanently in the process of emotional creativity, searching for the
most effective ways to activate his partner. With exceptional ardor he
manipulates the moods of his friends and relatives.
4. Peacemaker. He dislikes to quarrel, say no, break undesired
acquaintances this is why he avoids sticky people. He needs a partner,
who under certain circumstances will also not quarrel, but just slam the
door and leave. This is just how his dual, Don Quixote, will act. Its
noteworthy that Alexander Dumas (the great French novelist) picked Ida
Ferrier out of the many of his mistresses, because she kept him at a
longer leash than the others.
5. Who needs what? He remarks peoples needs, what motivates them,
enjoys persuading everyone and winning them over to his side. But he
needs his dual in order to know, whom he must convince and of what,
because his dual possesses insights into potential capabilities of
people, ideas, and undertakings.
6. He does not like to make people aware of his existence while there is
no need of him. He strives neither to stand out as an advanced man nor
to lag too far behind. He does not like to compete, shows initiative
only on his own territory. He prefers that in his family initiative
and responsibility belong to his partner, even if he is the one to carry
everything out. An interesting fact: before Alexander Dumas The Father
began writing “The Three Musketeers”, “The Count of Monte-Cristo” and
many other books, his secret co-author Max wrote their drafts.
7. “A tender calf is nursed by two cows.” When he feels lousy, he is
compelled to hide somewhere and recuperate. His mood is spoiled making
him incapable of manipulating people, without this communication seems
meaningless to him.
ESE (Hugo)
¶
ESE - ESFj (Fe,Si)
Victor Hugo - the famous French writer.
1. Ardent. He has a wide spectrum of powerful emotions. He is capable of
staying true to the vision of his youth throughout his whole life (Henry
Schliemann still in his childhood decided to excavate the city of Troy;
to achieve his dream he had to get an education, in spite of his
poverty, and to get rich). An admirer of the arts as a source of
pleasure. He creates his mood by himself and knows how to make it
contagious for others. Emotionally fine, kind, compassionate.
2 Untiring. Always active, he is ever mixing with people, rushing to and
from. He can easily switch from one task to another. He works very
diligently. He does not prefer one errand to another, all should be
accomplished whether interesting or not. This is not something to be
discussed or analyzed; simply the work must be completed. He appears
very self-assured and self-satisfied, as if succeeding without effort in
all endeavors. It seems like he acts promptly and gets good results.
However, he himself might not see it that way, so he greatly appreciates
sincere compliments for his work.
3. My home is your home. Hugo is a pleasant interlocutor and a very
attentive listener. He can pick the right key to any person. He joys
himself in making others happy. Revels in table talks and all sorts of
merriment. All his considerate attention is for his guest. He is capable
of understanding other people, admire them, approve of their deeds, and
express compassion. He trusts people, is distant from envy taking
pleasure in the successes of others. He accurately detects their flaws
and makes fun of them, without any intent to insult the person.
4. Traditionalist. He does not seek or like new solutions preferring
older, time-tested methods. To solve the most intricate problems it is
necessary for him to work alone, he gives too much attention to people
and would be distracted if someone is around. When working among others
he makes a lot of unnecessary movements, as if to disguise what he is
really doing. In this way he draws to work his dual (The Analyst), which
does not tolerate a commanding tone. He loves when people trust his word
and do not demand for him to substantiate what he is saying. He is not
aggressive, but he defends himself very actively. He wont even let his
superiors offend him.
5. Adherent of order. He loves to dress up and takes good care of his
appearance. He cant tolerate any disorder or uncertainty in everything
from his appearance to his garage and cubbyhole. He does not wish to
adapt to the tastes of others. Compliments on his appearance are in vain
he believes he knows better how he looks. He takes not of not just
spiritual qualities of his partner, but physical as well.
6. Relationships in his life. People around him usually respect his
opinion, but try not to communicate with him for too long, it is not
easy to withstand his emotional charge. For the same reason he hasnt
too many close friends. He reaches his goals through his own hard work
and does not hope for the assistance of others. What he values most in
his life is his family. If he had to choose between love and a degree,
he would choose the first, considering it a priority, while viewing
science as a self-indulgence, a pleasurable avocation.
LII (Robespierre)
¶
LII - INTj (Ti,Ne)
Maximilian Robespierre - the leader of the Great French Revolution (1789 - 1794).
1. “I think therefore I am”. He is a man of developed logical faculty, a
strong capability for analysis. He knows how to dig to the essence of
things, to reveal their internal structure. A representative of this
personality type, Carl Gustav Jung, drew the underlying basics of the
functional typology used in Socionics. “Providence has created myself
for quiet study work, to which it dedicated all the rapture of my soul”,
said Thomas Jefferson, during whose presidency the territory of the US
has grown nearly double. He considers all situations of life from the
logical viewpoint.
2. “Justice is my trade”. This is a type of a revolutionary or a
political conspirator. In a conflict situation he usually organizes a
committee to punish the offender. He believes that everything in the
world must be logical and consequently just. He is capable of neglecting
his own profit and safety when defending the offended. He sets for
himself very high requirements. Unless somebody else takes care of him,
he can easily drive himself to starvation. Garibaldi, Robespierre,
Dzierzhynski, Jefferson are revolutionaries who devoted themselves to an
idea.
3. Ascetic. He appears extremely uncompromising, often looks down with a
piercing look from under his philosophers forehead. He toughens
himself, training for the cold, starvation, losses and disapproval of
others. The only aspect where he willingly concedes to his partner is
the issue of dressing, taste and routine chores. The necessity to be
responsible for these things irritates him. Usually he even does not
notice the quality of his clothing. He does not tolerate orders. His
dual The Bonvivant, as if being aware of that, involves him into work
not by direct orders but begins to fuss about, to make a lot of
unnecessary movements then The Analyst gets involved, and the work
goes rapidly, logically and soundly. He himself does not show much
initiative, is reclusive and silent.
4. Somewhat tender and capricious. His self-sacrifice in defending
justice becomes especially mind-boggling, if one knows that he feels
irritated by everything that disturbs silence and the measured way of
his life. He is very concerned about living healthy. Thusly Rene
Descartes “considered health as the principal of mortal goods second to
the Truth”. In his youth he often tends to a cheerful lifestyle with
many friends, games of chance, booze. Later he comes to the conclusion
that all those things are something other than what he really needs. He
is not very ambitious but he does not tolerate when others get ahead of
him in their career, out of the same feeling of justice. He finds
himself in an especially hard situation when having to obey a boss whom
he does not respect.
5. “He has led a happy life who has protected himself well”. He is very
secretive, dislikes uninvited visitors. He sharply reacts to reprimands,
but sometimes hides his irritation under an artificial smile.
SLE (Zhukov)
¶
SLE - ESTp (Se,Ti)
Georgy Zhukov - Marshal of the Soviet Union, a famous commander during the World War II.
1. The end result. This is the only thing that interests him. All he
needs to achieve the final result he considers to be his vested
interests. He is a strong-willed, determined person. “If stars shine at
night then somebody wanted it”. With all his appearance he
demonstrates he is far from being ostentatious, does not care for the
impression he makes with others. I did not understand, please repeat.”
used to say Sergey Korolyov, the mastermind of the Soviet space
technology. Few of Soviet top executives had the guts to ask this from
Beria, the head of the Soviet secret police. All The Legionnaire does is
performed with ardor, passionately and must be brought to its
conclusion. He has the personality of an untamed struggler, who must
come out on top no matter what the cost. “One should not avoid
difficulties! One needs to learn how to overcome them” is his motto.
2. Die Hard. The expression “severe but just” became already trivial
about this sort of persons. Marshal Zhukov was a really tough person,
but only he could say to Stalin: “If you believe that the Head of the
Chief Headquarters is capable only of talking gibberish, then he has no
reason to be here. I ask you to relieve me of my rank as the Head of the
Chief Headquarters and to send to the front”. He has no back thoughts
about his right to manage other people. Even taking into account his
love to collegial discussion of issues, he always reserves the last
sentence for himself. This is usually compensated by profound passion
for his cause and the ability to seed the same enthusiasm in others.
3. A fine tactician. He quickly grasps the current situation and
distribution of power, makes a decision and acts. He is capable of
political maneuvering but never forgets his line. He possesses powerful
logic function, but this kind of logic is determined and thus biased,
its purpose isnt philosophical speculations but the creative search for
the shortcut to finding a solution. It is easier for him to concede his
logic than his goal.
4. Dispassionate. He seldom gives in to fear, hatred, and other negative
emotions, rarely gets surprised and rarely envies. The more dangerous
the situation, the more self-disciplined and resolute he becomes.
5. He does not like to speak about feelings: this is not his line. And
if by chance such words slip out, he feels as if he betrayed himself. He
is afraid of emotional love, considering it an undeserved luxury. He is
anxious of other feelings as well. Perceiving others to be just like
him, he has no doubt that he may be desired, but he is seldom sure he
can also be loved. He needs his partners emotional support and submits
his emotions to him. However, in practical activity he never tends to
adaptation, but only to dictation.
IEI (Yesenin)
¶
IEI - INFp (Ni,Fe)
Serguei Yesenin - the Russian poet.
1. A somewhat idealistic romanticist. He is a person prone more to
reflection than action. An individualist. He is little concerned with
the present; he is more excited by brilliant perspectives of “bright
cities, which may be built one day”. His emotionality is of a high
enough level, he understands very well the feelings of another and does
not hide his own. But his emotionality is always somewhat restrained in
order to observe the effect it produces. He expresses emotions not when
anothers patience would get exhausted, but when he himself (she
herself) considers it necessary. His way of handling emotions is very
creative: for example, he may consider rage to be ethical, and restraint
non-ethical.
2. Easily infatuated. What makes another stand out for him is
forcefulness, drive, insightfulness, naturally if this force lends
itself to the influence of his emotions. He is very tolerant to people,
understands them and tries to forgive their weaknesses.
3. Tutankhamons smile. His line of defense in extreme conditions is his
skill to demonstrate his attitude toward the situation, to reveal its
comical aspects. So he has a fine sense of humor and possesses a very
characteristic transparent smile, which appears at critical moments. His
smile is warm, warming and exciting. However, his smile is in most cases
caused by inner anxiety; the natural purpose of this smile is to raise
his partners fighting spirit, to stir him up.
4. Elegant. He comes off as steady and upright. He practically never
squints his wide-open eyes. Typically, he is not prone to lower his
arch-shaped eyebrows. Elegance is an every day thing with him, not
something reserved for outings and special occasions. One can seldom see
him in a non-aesthetic pose, his voice intonations are also refined, and
movements are plastic and even rhythmic. In the light of the
aforementioned two things are amazing: he does not care much for the
elegance of others (his dual, The Legionnaire, is emphatically
non-demonstrative); chaos reins in his living quarters; both things and
people which enter his home should find their places by themselves, or
with the help of someone other then the Lyricist.
5. A struggler for the emotional naturalness of people. He feels
responsibility for mood of his friends and relatives, for their vital
tonus. He uses his fine sense of humor to make them laugh, shake them
up. In a company he scans the attendees not in order to find out what
they are wearing, but in order to remark how each is feeling: this is
exactly what he needs to relate to others. In general, he dreams of
bringing harmony into society. History means to him history of the arts.
He strives for beauty, which may be poetry, arts, even nice trinkets.
He himself strives to be refined. He adores communication with artists,
poets, bohemians, and in general with exotic people.
EIE (Hamlet)
¶
EIE - ENFj (Fe,Ni)
Hamlet, the Prince of Danemark - the hero of W.Shakespeare’s tragedy.
1. To be or not to be? A serious person focused on global problems. Sees
the world in dramatic, even tragic colors. Expects all kinds of trouble.
Beethovens four notes the theme of fate sound like the theme of his
life. He takes personal problems and addresses them on a global scale.
Meanwhile he often also strives to give something back to mankind.
2. Romantic. Tends to permanent doubts and wavering. Sometimes seems to
people around him to be an irritable, easily excitable individual. For
example any unnecessary movements put him off, because the world as it
is already seems to him too dynamic. Does not like to take initiative.
He values feelings above cold-minded analysis.
3. Strategist. Knows how to time his efforts. Bravely enters a situation
once he had carefully studied it and prepared everything ahead of time.
He waits for the right time to make a move, makes arrangements for any
possible turn of events, anticipates and plans against any problems, and
then acts assertively, without taking a chance. He does not take his job
lightly, feels responsible to complete the project he undertakes.
Struggles for victory at any cost it is easier for him to suffer
defeat than settle for a compromise. In emergency situations his
redundant caution disappears without any trace.
4. Good vs. evil. He never does things he considers as evil, and is very
intolerable to evil in others. However, his ethical theory is based on
his own principles, without consideration for customs and authority.
Sometimes his views on problems of good and evil are very original. In
any case he consequently acts on them and insistently defends them.
5. Attentive to people. He is sometimes even imposing and demanding,
sympathizes with them, tries to rescue them during hard times. It is not
so easy to get along with him, since he is not lighthearted in his
attitude towards life. More likely he is a good family man/woman. He
expresses his feelings for his partner not so much through material
care, as with dramatic narratives and warnings against possible dangers.
The latter quality is quite important for his dual (The Inspector) who
is not very capable of forecasting future events. You may call him late
at night; to your question “Did I wake you up?” he will reply cheerfully
“You did!” (The Humanist, who also tends to empathize, will nevertheless
reply “Not at all” in a tone of voice that will make you feel ashamed).
6. Unaesthetic in routine. He does not like to take care of routine
chores in presence of others as a rule, in general unable to work while
being watched. If he can, he will send everyone away to run an errand.
He is very fearful that his movements would seem clumsy, unaesthetic.
7. “Proud”. He has a characteristic seemingly arrogant way of carrying
himself. People may get an impression that he is acting, beefing up his
own importance. He is a good leader.
LSI (Maxim Gorky)
¶
LSI - ISTj (Ti,Se)
Maxim Gorky - the famous Russian writer.
1. A consistent adept. He is able to rationally and adequately choose
the best of the available systems or dogmas and to fight for its
implementation uncompromisingly up to the point of impertinence. He
categorically rejects everything that cannot fit into this system, and
perfects it to its ideal state. He is very consistent in the realization
of his system, even when it comprises inconstancy. In this way
Talleyrand succeeded in occupying the highest positions under Bourbons,
the Convent, the Directory, Napoleon, and once again under Bourbons, and
finally died prosperous and rich, which he has always strived for.
2. A sober realist. He never falls into despair or gives in to
illusions; always he is equally stable, calm, and logical. He does not
tend to fantasies and dislikes other peoples passion for hollow
projects.
3. Researcher. He tends to profound analysis of narrow problems,
establishes fastidiously their correlation to what he has previously
learnt. He knows how to listen, sometimes he can listen simultaneously
to two interlocutors. His norm of loneliness is high. He does not read
much, prefers more to reflect this is his favorite condition. He
always elaborates the accumulated body of knowledge for practical
implementation. To those who do not understand the problem in so many
details as he does, his actions may appear paradoxical and
unpredictable. Often he finds a solution where others are too shy to
find it.
4. A mix of delicacy and adventurism. He is very reclusive and
secretive. He does not like to be the center of attention. In
communication, especially at a distance, he is sympathetic and not
bothersome. At the same time, he needs listeners. He captivates people
by his purposefulness in implementation of his own system. If he
understands something and other people do not, he may fall into
aggression. He is also stubborn and uncompromising, as a manager he
tends to put the screws on. He is tactful, sympathetic to people;
however, he treats them rather like instruments. Personal feelings,
sympathies and antipathies do not distract him; the most important thing
is the result. Ethic is submitted to logic (Stalin). He does not
tolerate, when other people move his belongings for him this is a
grave insult. For him it is hard to tolerate aggressive people, although
he does not strive to argue with them.
5. Stoic. He is hardy and just, does not spend time for redundant
conveniences. He prefers to hide his real feelings: hunger, fatigue,
pain, and fear an ill child will not groan, in order not to injure
his mother.
6. Close circle of friends. He does not hide his attraction to other
people, sometimes it may even seem that he intends to show it. He does
not leave unnoticed any person of the opposite sex. However, he can
judge about other peoples feelings only by their external
manifestations: e.g. how people look at him, speak with him. This is why
he can easily mistake his desire to be loved for his partners real
feeling. He is aware of that, and therefore is distrustful and
suspicious.
SEE (Napoleon)
¶
SEE - ESFp (Se,Fi)
Napoleon Bonaparte - famous French military and political leader.
Another pseudonym of this type: Caius Julius Caesar - the first Roman Emperor.
1. Kindness is power. He takes pride in his influence with people, their
love and respect, of his own popularity, gladly leads others. He is
assertive and kinky in expressing his sexuality, but aloof in dealing
with the objective world, mistrustful towards new scientific ideas and
in general towards everything things objective, which he perceives as
too impersonal. He feels much more confident and therefore has a clear
conscience, only in the field of manipulating people.
2. Restless activity, greed for practical actions. He never hides his
feelings en contraire, he takes special pride in them. It is easy for
him to sound sincere, when he expresses his true feelings. He expresses
his admiration both verbally and with a look in his eyes. He is always
an adherent of love in all its aspects, both carnal and psychological,
if he needs it. Even when a feeling is of a passing nature, he knows
very well what he desires from his lover, has no intention to adapt
only to dictate. He is arrogant, optimistic, before a complicated
situation he does not go shy but tries to resolve it immediately in a
few decisive moves.
3. He pays a lot of attention to the esthetic and order in his
surroundings. Frequently he is the possessor of inborn taste, knows how
to dress well and demands the same from his partners. He is attentive to
physical parameters of his partner. In all his activities he shows a
lot of initiative. However, he lacks a sense of measure: he is ever
unsure that he has done all he could.
4. Less nagging and more living! His life may be poisoned by the demands
of those close to him to think his actions through, to act rationally.
This is too much for him to withstand, such demands only make him want
to act more irrationally, and brush reason aside altogether to spite
everyone. In fact, he acts cleverly and logically until someone starts
to demand of him to do so, i.e. as long as he is respected and
reckoned with. It is useless to dispute his logic: one can influence
him only by challenging him to set aside his goals in favor of other
ones, more noble and harder attainable.
5. Laws are cowards inventions. His initiative and passion for new
undertakings are so great that no criticism, even permanent grumble of
his dual (Balzac, The Critic) who condemns almost each display of
enthusiasm, can spoil his mood. Moreover: criticizing calms him down,
for him it signals that his activities did not pass unnoticed and that
he must have done enough.
6. Disappointment. Due to his initiative and demanding nature he
frequently feels disappointed with his loved ones: they turn out to be
not what they seemed to be, not perceptive enough of his whims. The
bottom line is that he needs a partner who is easy to adapt to without
adapting at all (without changing his own nature). If such a partner is
not nearby, he gets up to mischief in order to draw such a persons
attention.
ILI (Balzac)
¶
ILI - INTp (Ni,Te)
Honor de Balzac - the French writer.
1.”Imagination directs me”. He possesses a powerful, intellectual
imagination. A representative of this type, Honor de Balzac, in his
series of novels, The Human Comedy “painted” the portraits of more than
2000 people who appear hyper real: “he is comparable perhaps only to the
city controller’s office” wrote of him Andre Maurois. Similarly, the
phantasmagoric world of Gabriel Garca Marquez is impressively precise
in every detail. Due to this quality The Critic can forecast the future
quite well. From empirical observations of how a man acts at various
times he creates something like a functional model in his mind. In
general, he tends to know everything in advance. If he did not have to
warn other people about possible dangers (opportunities interest him
less), he most possibly would feel himself redundant.
2. “A priest’s calmness and restraint”. He almost never expresses
emotions and protects from them his family and friends. He sincerely
believes that passions, too strong, will lead one to his doom. Honor de
Balzac has constantly demonstrated throughout his literary works how
passion spreads like a devastating cancer that eats away the souls of
men until it finally suppresses all else. This holds totally true in the
case of his dual (Caesar, The Politician), a hyperactive person that
easily gets carried away.
3. A profound analyst. He is convinced that living is impossible if one
disregards the natural laws that regulate the world. One who ignores
reality is heading for disaster. The Criticist believes that it is
better to be somewhat too cynical then be a hypocrite. Hearing of a
situation, he very soon thoroughly understands it and begins to tell to
the bewildered interlocutor the details and aspects that the latter had
overlooked. His analysis is devoid of any self-encouragement. “You
shouldn’t have a different attitude towards life than you have for the
kitchenthe same amount of stinking odor; if you want to cook a dish,
you’ll have to get your hands dirty, just make sure you’ll be able to
wash the dirt off once you are done; that’s the entire moral of our day
and age.”So speaks Vautrin, a hero of Balzac’s books. Such misanthropy
can kill the anybody’s spirits, except his dual (The Politician)!
4. “First and foremost, he is kind”. In spite of all his “negativism”, he
is really a very kindly person in nature. The above phrase about Honor
de Balzac belongs to George Sand who knew him very well. He likes strong
people who know their way in life, who demand concessions: such people
release him from the necessity to invent goals, while using methods
invented by him (he is a master of inventing methods.) He is capable of
pouring a bucket of cold water out on the head of an enthusiast. But on
the other hand, he is likewise capable of easing one’s despair, when
they are unlucky, when things go the wrong way, when destiny seems to be
hostile.
5. Unapproachable and thus desired. A girl-student by the name of Laima
(The Politician) gave a good description of this type when she tried to
describe the hero of her dreams: “He must be handsome and smart, with
big and sad eyes, not talkative. He does not tell compliments, and by
that he creates an impression of his inapproachability. He is taunted by
myriads of problems, which, in my opinion are nothing to be bothered
with. I am attracted by his sadness, seriousness, so I try to amuse him,
to raise his spirits, to make him happy. If such a boy is present at a
party, I wouldn’t be bored.” This is a vivid description of this
personality type, who is constant in his feelings, does not like
adventures, and desires total dependence of his demanding partner.
LIE (Jack London)
¶
LIE - ENTj (Te,Ni)
Jack London - the famous American writer and poet.
1. “Time does not wait!”. He is untiring in working, science or anything
else that brings objective results in the future. He makes everything
very rapidly, work boils at his hands. Even his gait is very specific,
bouncing, and if he can, he prefers to run. A representative of this
type the great writer Jack London had changed in his life a lot of
occupations: delivery man, worker, prospector, sailor, writer. This was
his self-sacrifice in the name of Art and Success.
2. Romantic. Very often he practices alpinism, tourism (one of Jack
Londons favorite topics was the struggle against the merciless nature).
He is attracted by faraway places; often he is the first who gets drawn
into various dubious undertakings. Often he invents romantic adventures
and believes in them himself. However, these inventions usually have
real prototypes in life. He loves to demonstrate his own courage. Even
the negligence of his appearance is challenging to others sense of
propriety.
3. “An absent-minded professor”. Due to his well-developed abstract
thinking he is not always attentive to his appearance. If he cares of
his dressing himself, he is always bedraggled, this is why he completely
relies upon his partners taste and allows him to take charge of routine problems. For the same reason he does not tolerate when others stare at him (this is why his dual The Guardian often avoids to look directly into his interlocutor’s eyes), just because he, due to his inattention to his surroundings, is uncertain of how he appears to others. He is always insecure about his appearance and somewhat worries about his imaginary plainness. He needs a partner who possesses a well-developed aesthetic feeling, whose taste may be quite reliable; he needs to feel: my partner likes me even in spite of her well-developed, fussy and even pretentious taste.
4. Optimistic. He quickly reacts to everything that brings emotions,
especially positive. He is as if preprogrammed for rising spirits of his
dual (The Guardian) who always looks somewhat scared or angry. He
permanently irradiates friendliness, positive emotions, and smiles. He
tries to make his partner laugh, shakes and hassles her in all possible
ways, until she finally reacts, either positively or negatively,
otherwise he will not have information about his condition (of course,
in this sentence HE and SHE pronouns may be used vice versa). He likes
to relate and to discuss what he has read and heard. It is easy for him
to start up a conversation with a person he has never been familiar
with.
5. Love for life. He searches permanent and constant human relations. He
does not understand very well feelings and attractions of other people;
this is why he is careful in this field and is afraid of being funny. He
much values human life: a woman of this type, if having to choose the
lesser evil, will rather choose to become a single mother than to make
an abortion.
ESI (Dreiser)
¶
ESI - ISFj (Fi,Se)
Theodore Albert Hermann Dreiser - the famous American writer.
1. He easily earns other people’s trust. He is polite, tactful, has fine
esthetical taste and knows how to apply it. He knows for sure who loves
whom, who hates whom, who wants (either what or whom), who influences
whom and why. A moralist, often is distinguished by the sharpness of his
comments. He perfectly remembers both good and evil, and considers it
necessary to “repay” for them. He values friendship very much and does
not forgive treason. However, he is not constant in love before
marriage, because considers impossible to keep on relations that are
exhausted. He does not like those who are incapable of loving. He
regulates relations not as much by words but by voice tone and
expressive look. He does not reveal emotions much, and so appears
cold-blooded. Often he does not look directly into his interlocutor’s
eyes, as though in order not burn him down. A complicated ethical
situation inspires him.
2. “Emotional barrier”. In a new group of people he is usually a quiet,
modest person. He watches and listens in order to understand whether he
can attract people to himself and to his ideal of human relations. If he
cannot, then he keeps on silence or even leaves. Among those whom he
considers friends he is active and talkative. Friends are those who
accept his ethical norms. He submits his emotions to the emotions of the
others: among cheerful people he is cheerful as well, among angry he too
is angry.
3. Enemy must envy. He never reveals his wrath and fury, but remains
emphatically polite and self-satisfied. Only a good friend can see him
bedraggled and not sufficiently careful. He is always “totally buttoned
up”, internally mobilized, extremely intolerant to untidiness and
disorder.
4. Sexual liberties are not for him. He keeps fidelity to his spouse not
for him/her, but for the sake of self-respect. For a woman of this type
a thought that somewhere is a man who “has had” her is unbearable. He
dislikes a lot, when somebody snoops about his talents, potential
capabilities or boasts about own capabilities in front of other people.
5. He lives in the “here and now” and does not like to wait. He prefers
the kinds of work that he can complete quickly and enjoy the result.
While others consider him punctual, he considers himself being always
late. Due dates make him really nervous. This is why The Enterpriser,
his dual, having bought tickets to a theater, will keep it secret until
the last day.
6. He expresses love through actions rather than words; however, he does
not like to invent tasks for himself and in everyday activities gladly
submits to his partner’s will. At any time he can leave one task and
switch to another, if his partner wishes him to. He may even sacrifice
himself for society. For instance, in his family he can bear
responsibility for all everyday material needs, when his partner
performs a socially important position.
IEE (Huxley)
¶
IEE - ENFp (Ne,Fi)
Thomas Henry Huxley - the famous English biologist and comparative
anatomist.
Another pseudonym of this type: Tom Sawyer - a hero of Mark Twain’s
book.
1. An ardent enthusiast. He is a highly spiritual, artistic individual.
The Psychologist quickly resolves any personal problems, always relying
upon his talent for immediate improvisation instead of preparing the
work in advance. He loves situations when new and exciting undertakings
come up, when it is possible to demonstrate his own and others talents;
when one can still expect the most unusual development of events.
2. A Don Juan. He gauges various virtues and talents in the people he
meets and cannot hold back from reporting his observations to them with
great enthusiasm. Often other people mistake his dramatic display of
emotions for his real feelings, which earns him the reputation of a Don
Juan. In fact, he is quite conservative in his feelings, attached to a
close circle of his friends, whose opinions hold great weight for him
and totally determine his mood, behavior, and knowledge. If he really is
a playboy, he does not hide it.
3. Sensitive. His speech is often romantic, his smiles are enticing, but
very often thats as far as it goes. His motto is emotional power over
all and sexual freedom from all.
4. “Modest”. As a rule, he is not ambitious, because he can enjoy the
circle of his friends and the anticipation of something interesting.
Unlike The Politician, who likes to be an obvious ruler of the
situation, he prefers to be its covert ruler. And his influence is
directed first of all towards making other people reveal their skills
and talents.
5. A scientist. He is sensitive about how others evaluate his mental
skills. Often he strives to get a degree in higher learning, achieve
scientific recognition and awards: this gives him the opportunity to
work with a clear conscience (without having to doubt his
qualifications). He is touchy when other people criticize ideas that he
holds dear, or deny him and his friends talents. This is why he prefers
the company of those who share his beliefs.
6. A person of mood. His mood determines everything: plans for the
future, self-estimation, and ideas about the world. Ambitious plans can
change to disappointment and sadness; but interesting news, praise, or
an unexpected interesting opportunity immediately lifts his spirits.
Boredom can even make him ill.
7. Altruistic. He is ready to help other people in solving their
personal problems. The greatest pleasure for him is to find a way out
from the situation that others consider hopeless. He is capable of
demonstrating friendliness and benevolence to all. However, he saves his
real efforts for about whom he is serious, and in this case he does much
more than people ever expect from him and more than he himself promises.
Your dual (psychologically complementary type): Gabin, The Craftsman
(sensory-logical introvert).
SLI (Gabin)
¶
SLI - ISTp (Si,Te)
Jean Gabin - the French movie actor.
1. An iceberg in the ocean. He is obstinate, reclusive, almost always
equally cold and enigmatic. His movements are quiet, precise, and very
economical: other people often get an impression that his results
disproportionately exceed the efforts invested. He is characterized by
non-ostentatious quiet persistence and reliable accomplishment of
everything he commenced, internal responsibility for deeds and modesty.
Like a typical Briton, he is not ostentatious in his attitude towards
work, as well as not demonstrative in revealing his feelings at all. At
first he may seem to do everything coolly, carelessly. But gradually it
becomes clear that his unhurriedness reflects his general tempo of life:
a combination of relaxation and perfection.
2. Talented laziness. Unlike The Searcher, he will scarcely spend his
energy for futile work. He is a born inventor, but he does not hurry
with the implementation of his ideas, until conditions for maximum
effect will ripen. He is proud of his capability of not doing
unnecessary things; adores comfort and conveniences. When performing
common tasks together with somebody else, everything very easily and
without pressure from his side goes the way he likes. All space
accessible to him is organized ideally for work and rest. He is an
aesthete who completely trusts his taste. He dresses very neatly, with
taste, but as a rule not challenging convention. His skin is sensible:
“a princess on a pea” must have been said about a woman of this type.
3. Reserved richness of emotions. It is his aptitude for hiding emotions
under the mask of inapproachability and coldness that makes them finely
polished and expressive (there are many actors among representatives
of this type, e.g. Vladimir Vyssotsky, Adriano Celentano). He is calm
under any circumstances, but calm in a different manner. He remains cold
and unapproachable when he loves, and does not hurry to trust feelings
of his somewhat frivolous dual (The Psychologist). He is very jealous
and mistrustful: he is horrified that his emotions will be ridiculed. In
dangerous situations he stubbornly fears nothing, approaches the source
of danger very calmly. This is his best move to go directly towards
the opponent, and the stronger one shall prevail. This is also the main
pose of the actor Jean Gabin - impertinence, non-compliance, internal
correctness and courage. The more lonely he is, the more unapproachable.
4. Goals and methods. Sometimes he may be mistaken for a lazybones and a
chatterbox, especially when being without his dual for long: he speaks a
lot but does nothing, as if waiting for something. In such a situation
he is really waiting: for a scream for help. He will not work without a
goal, and is not capable of inventing goals himself. Only The
Psychologist, the ardent enthusiast, has a key, which starts up the
precise and flawless mechanism of The Craftsman. As a reward The
Craftsman considers the joy he has brought by his labor. He judges about
sincerity of others by voice inflection, which automatically mobilizes
him. Both desire and joy are often best expressed by his dual The
Psychologist who is in addition a great specialist of finding talents
and admiring them sincerely. And The Craftsman has to be a favorite, for
he does not tolerate equal rewarding regardless of contribution. Only
sincere feelings expressed by the eyes and intonations can win him over.
LSE (Stierlitz)
¶
LSE - ESTj (Te,Si)
Stierlitz - a hero of a Russian detective book and movie.
Another pseudonym of this type: Sherlock Holmes - a hero of detective stories written by Arthur Conan Doyle.
1. Rapid, clear, sober mind. He knows how to act in an intelligent and
logical way. His bearing is sporty, facial traits are sharp and coarse,
as if carved from granite, and by this all covert nervousness, high
internal emotionality. His motto sounds: force, integrity and a sense of
duty. He is a born scout he collects information using all available
channels until he achieves an absolutely clear picture that provides him
with indemnity to act for sure.
2. “All I do is done well”. One more quotation: “There is a gift which
is always characteristic of great baseball players and teams. This is
onslaught. This is the capability to run more rapidly then one is
required to, to move more quickly than one is required to, to be more
impertinent than one is required to (Ph.Brooks). Initiative is habitual
to him; he is decisive, likes to be the center of attention. He defends
his ideas with guts and fervor. In front of his superiors he is not shy,
even becomes aggressive. He knows that business only then goes perfectly
if the necessary tempo is set from the very beginning. He does not
tolerate procrastination, is an ardent struggler for quality and
thoroughness in all work. A good army officer. Like Thomas Edison, a
representative of this type is capable of working 19.5 hours a day.
3. “Rage is a mighty god of the strong”. He tends to take other people
out of the condition of complacency. He does not speak much about what
is good, considers it self-evident. With his grumbling emotions he
strives to extinguish emotions of others. He believes that redundant
emotions tire people, and this is absolutely true if applied to his dual
(The Humanist). During a conversation he pressures his interlocutor,
even tries to intimidate him, but if people do not fear him, he becomes
courteous and polite. Fury is his line of defense in a situation of
emergency in which he feels otherwise helpless. The aim of his fury is
to mobilize his partner, and when this is achieved, he calms down.
4. Belief in playing fair. He considers obedience to rules to be a
strength trait. He does not tolerate slyness and deviousness, hates
cheaters and dodgy folks. “Political maneuvers may produce a quick
effect, but a truly lasting and tangible results can be reached only
through hard work” (Kim Philby). He likes order. Having bought a new
thing, he will for sure read the manual and only then will switch it on.
The famous traveler Roald Amundsen managed to avoid extreme situations
all his life. “Victory awaits those who keep things orderly, he used to
say, and this is what we call good fortune”. A believer in honest
labour. “If everything seems to be easy, this is an infallible evidence
that the worker is far from being skilled and that the work is above his
competence” (Leonardo Da Vinci).
5. “A reserved force characteristic for military officers”. He looks
well built, has a straight bearing even if he has never served in the
army. He dresses well and elegantly, but does not like to dress to
demonstratively. He wears his clothes very long, and it always looks
permanently fresh, as if unaffected by time. He never buys uncomfortable
shoes, and makes others dress very neatly. An aesthete.
EII (Dostoyevsky)
¶
EII - INFj (Fi,Ne)
Fedor Dostoyevsky - the famous Russian writer.
1. Bearer of quiet introspection, hidden sea of feelings. The world of
his feelings is so fine and rich that he does not need verbal
reassurances of someones love for him. Even without words he observes,
who loves whom and how, who needs or doesnt need whom. His most
important capability is his ability to adapt to his partners emotions,
to empathize, release emotional tension, to calm down.
2. He is usually a quiet, amicable man. Being in groups, he prefers to
keep silence and watch, but among his close friends his behavior
switches to the opposite then one cannot call him too shy, because he
remarks perfectly, how other people treat him, and knows how to improve
their relation to him. Strives to submit other people to his own
understanding of ethical and non-ethical. He never imposes his own
emotions on others, but accompanies, empathizes emotions of his partner.
He demonstrates specific emotional standstill. He is sure that other
people need him to be quiet, calm, tranquil. He strives to be something
like a “compress” other people can apply to their wounds.
3. Cannot refuse if asked to do something. This is why people often
exploit him. He needs such a partner, submitting to whom, he can shield
himself from excessive chores. In relations with people his interests
are narrowed to a certain group, but in the objective world he is
interested by absolutely everything: his intellect and skills are really
omnivorous. He is scarcely capable of evaluating the quality of his work
and time spent to accomplish it. Often he cannot distinguish between a
triviality and what is really important. He knows what he can do but
does not know what he needs to do. He cannot stay aside when other
people are working, and keeps on working when other people already
finished. He dislikes very much being ordered to do something new while
some other things have not been yet done.
4. Critical towards his own beauty (handsomeness), will, energy. He
feels much pain when criticized for these aspects. Compliments on these
aspects are not accepted as ambiguous only when they are expressed
face-to-face, in a mild tone, without emphasis. He needs silent or not
emphasized recognition. He cannot afford being untidy.
5. Deed is the best care. His partner can provide pleasant emotions he
needs from time to time through intelligence, logic, demands, and
ability to protect. One needs to show up for the rendezvous on time,
fulfill promises, be polite, thoughtful, and there is no need in more
proofs of love or further conversations. If the smartest interlocutor
explains his opinion in the form of speculations, instead of short and
resolute formulations, then Dostoyevsky feels permanently dissatisfied
and unhappy of being together with him. And his main requirement to his
partner is: faithfulness. He does not forgive infidelity. |
https://wikisocion.github.io/content/profile_golihov.html | Socionics Type Descriptions by Golihov¶ | Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme
Toggle table of contents sidebar
Socionics Type Descriptions by Golihov
¶
ILE (Don Quixote)
¶
‘’’1st function “Good” - objective intuition (Ne). “Oh, what a beautiful and harmonious as the world, especially pipe plants!” ‘’’
Living in harmony and flow capacity of the external world, the integrity of the external situation, “all is well in this best of all possible worlds.” Violation of this harmony perceives is always aggressive, say, repair the apartment for him - a reason for the emergence of aggression. Since it can be difficult to negotiate, since he seemed to “veer”, going through life, “can be that way, but you can.” Therefore, an attempt to clearly define the time with him and the venue can be an exercise in futility, “I’ll be there first, then there is, and most likely, if all the time to be able, in the area so much, I’ll be there somehow.” No perception of space and time as something permanent, which can not be moved, somehow, very roughly, vaguely, for the sake of accuracy of the meeting makes no sense to change the plans, thus destroying the harmony of the external situation. If he is late for work and ask him at the same time bring a bucket, since he is still late, it means to destroy the integrity of the external situation, as it was all “is already taken into account” that the work can sometimes be late, included in the concept of the integrity of the situation, “bucket” there did not appear. Data types People “live” with original ideas about the outside world and are conservative in this knowledge unit, from the impression of “great masters” - no one knows that he came into our heads the next second time. And this love of volatility they erected bounce back conservative behavior for them - a perennial irritant. Those who criticize their ideas, and their annoying, they do not know how to defend them, often surround themselves with those who agree with them. They annoy people who scandals arrange external conflicts, even if it is “in the case.” For external conflict - also the destruction of the outer harmony. Often, like something to check out for others, but do not like to start, as it is also sometimes means destruction of external harmony, which for them - a zone of conservatism. The first function of the third: meaning that all of each other in a harmonious world of love, all “good”. If it is not, it means a minus from two functions, aimed at himself, then there is a very “bad”.
2nd function “Needed” - subjective logic (Ti). “I learned a lot in my life, but I want to understand more, including what I understand is not right.”
He likes long, detailed and creatively explain anything other than a teacher, a teacher, “I explain, while I listen while 100% will not be sure that everyone understood everything.” Ask him questions - sometimes you can listen to the answer for hours, sometimes just looking for someone to speak out on “their understanding of something” “Wriggle out” of this can be difficult if you do not talk about it straight. Something similar can be the object and the second logic function sometimes, but in this case the emphasis is not on facts, but on the fact that all necessarily all have understood, sometimes explained as children for this reason. This man is constantly looking for an audience with questions, but did not explain in terms of knowledge, but from the point of view of how he understands it, that is more intelligible and meticulously. Loves find a range of applications: something that has not been studied and understood before, sometimes like to begin to explore the unknown for itself a sphere in which they have no qualifications, as this allows us to develop the scope of “understanding” something that is very tempting for the creative function. The second function of the third: likes to talk a lot about relationships, psychology; on the first and fourth sometimes even how beautiful the world is, on the prospects of a case and where he was physically well and comfortably.
3rd function “Problems” - objective ethics (Fe). “I wish I win the People’s Choice Award!”
It is important that all treated him well. He does not like ambiguity in this matter and constantly seeks to clarify the situation: “Let’s find out all the same, you respect me or not?”. Clarification of this issue could cause any little thing: face, eyes, and so on. Often with age becoming also good psychologists, since it allows you to maintain a good self-esteem. It is fixed on the relation to his particular people and ignores the “public opinion”. Very susceptible to social recognition: honor, glory, respect, letters, insignia, etc. For the sake of good relations can sometimes be up to him and to work away for free, to help someone to do something of a sense of camaraderie. If the environment appears someone whose feelings for him negative, it causes a drop in its self-evaluation. With its active protection - it will try to win the good attitude of man at any cost, passively - on the contrary, it can say something like: “I’m here now so bad.” If there is a good relationship, you may try to adjust them at any cost, or, conversely, to avoid them in the case of realization of the impossibility to change something. Susceptible to any flattery, often ready to support any opinion, and to compromise, you do not accidentally change the attitude to yourself, and if you do not agree with someone, it is very diplomatic. Speaking to representatives of this type - often feel internal stress associated with fear to cause me to film, so they often think ten times before you say anything. As if to refer to this as a job. Move up the career ladder often at the expense of the ability to be considerate of others.
4th function “Want” - subjective sensation (Si). “May be I am bad guy, but I have a sandwich with butter.”
Always moving in the direction of places where there is physical comfort, exquisite sensory pleasure and are not able to deny yourself this. Where it is physically comfortable there and well, even if it is very expensive. Love gourmet food, massage, stroking. Finding one place where they feel comfortable, for example, restaurant some - can go there for dinner across town. Avoid places where there is all of necessary physical facilities. Gourmets around, slaves to their preferences and habits. If you like sweet, then will eat it pounds. Often determine the state of health from the words of others, because it is very suggestible on it. Sometimes it may be trying to recreate elements of the home where they feel as comfortable as physically. Quickly get used “to the good” and this becomes their weakness in the future, without it they can not. Suggestibility authorities with respect to health issues, if to tell him that he has something to be treated, it is easy to believe it can. In this context, it can become easy prey for “paid doctors.” They may forget to eat on time, take medications to sleep, so it is in need of a caring parent or spouse.
- 1 function “Bad” - subjective intuition (Ni).
The integrity of the internal situation is the most rigidly ignored socionical value. This means that a person is no such thing as an “inner core”, ideology, ideology, matching words and deeds. “Where are tastier” - that ideology and better. He does not know how to dive into yourself, meditate, find inner peace on their own, making the surface becomes a little man. Instead of looking outside harmony. That is, it is necessary to find, create for themselves outer harmonious world, fabulous, and only acquired and inner harmony. In all other cases, it will often idealize the existing world, all the people in it - always “good”. This is what it replaces finding inner harmony. If work on the first function an objective can not be realized for some external hindering her reasons, and when it starts to go about matters relating to subjective intuition, sometimes a person can begin to defend themselves through it, to criticize: to accuse someone of conservatism his ideas and principles, to attack someone else’s principles, ideas. They do not like, especially when something is done in the name of some great ideas, goals. They think it’s some kind of abomination. Do not know how they calm down on their own: it is necessary to be sure to find someone and “Pour out” his soul, use it as a vest. For these purposes, any person can use. As a result, it allows him to somehow maintain inner harmony and sometimes, even though she is in the area most severely repressed values, then again it will be possible to begin to ignore it, focusing only on the outer harmony of the world.
- 2 the function “Not needed” - objective logic (Te).
He does not like the changes in the rules and the laws of the external world. They just have them and he adheres to, even though it is not easy. He taught them and they should only be where it is strictly regulated by the society: rules of the road, coming to work on time, payment of taxes, the penal code and is waiting for the same from others. But to meet with friends can be late and that he does often. The inversion of the situation, which is sometimes still happens if you can not be realized by the second function in the world, begins to criticize the political system existing in the world of laws and regulations, an objective order of things. The result is a more objective assessment of the facts of external reality, and it is, sooner or later, it is a job for the second function.
- 3 function “Solution to problems” - subjective ethics (Fi).
To solve the problem of self-function, you need to all be loved. But to achieve this, and sometimes need to communicate to people that treat them well, they like to. All The problem is that this function is used as a stop-gap of force majeure for the third function. Therefore, if all is well, then work on it people will not be until the real problems. If he gets into the team, where you have to win the respect, yes, and he will try to express their sympathy to him. But if he knows that in his family, in any case, he will be respected, and it can do everything, he pleases, until you start to arise in this place real problems: for example, the threat of the collapse of the family. And the result is a very strong contrast: for “their” people seems “petty tyrant”, but the rest of it seems to be “the soul of society.” As soon as someone else, the person It becomes a “pious,” and when he left - again “concerts”, “one-man show.” Here a person stores a lot of money to solve the problems of the third function: knows when to smile at the right moment to express my admiration for anything, ask the other person’s problems, volunteered to help solve them. But he only uses it to solve their problems: existing and potential, in the anticipation. It is better to be safe once again, and to praise someone, than if he somehow offended. These feelings in this situation are driven underground and can unexpectedly for him to break out, ruining relationships. And often they are pulled out just where “Possible” - that is, among the “friends”. That creates a potential threat to “domestic tyranny.”
- 4 function “Don’t want to” - object sensation (Se).
Dislikes brute physical force. Usually not a specialist skills if something went wrong, then, without hesitation, it is a specialist, even if the question and “damn” is not worth it. It can not bring anything to the end, to finish. It can not tolerate waiting, sacrifice himself for the sake of victory. Their work often very talented, but not “brought to the point”, as their author simply lazy. During his appearance usually is not very able to follow dress. If the fourth function may not withdraw from an unfavorable situation for themselves and find a better place, it can be turned on minus four. Sometimes - as soon as there is a potential threat such as this - a good way to prevent the break up of objective and subjective realities. So in a strange, unknown situation or when you can not leave a place for themselves adversely, can sometimes try to appear courageous, decisive, strong-willed person, do not understand why all of a sudden start to deal with the “windmills”, suddenly lash out at someone without objective reasons. He has his own understanding, when it is still possible to apply brute force sometimes, but it is very strange and the deviation from this understanding makes him irritated. The real reason for this infrequent phenomenon is simply impossible to leave a place that no longer seems to him physically comfortable. It is possible that the way out of this situation may be a need to learn and the ability to create it in any situation for themselves.
Summary description:
Irrationals, which means inner unpredictability (constancy in unpredictability), windy, and vice versa symptoms very standard: clothing, work, “product”. Furthermore, since the first function and is associated with more improbable events, it becomes absolutely unpredictable extreme forms and can be regarded as a negative factor. But the main “product” is also associated with improbable events, thereby becoming a little less than the standard, which in this case can be considered a positive factor. Extraverted type, it means that he sees himself part of the world, not something out of it isolated. To itself it seems clear and simple, so do not hesitate to tell something about themselves. The world around him seems complicated, difficult to understand, so he does not know how to manipulate, distribute commands instead with interest studying it. Dominant needs associated with weak functions. Because of this, it is extremely important for health to have outside support of their actions: to organize physically convenient location, and to win the sympathy of others for self-assessment (3 and 4 function). As the leading features are not associated with the dominant needs, superficially may impress some inhibition action, the lack of vitality in man (the tendency to melancholy temperament - unbalanced, stationary). Note: The recommendation from the health point of view - somewhat lower external activity. Living in the flow of both quantitative and qualitative information, which means the ability to maneuver well in her stream: to know where to go and act effectively.
Type signs:
romantic (zone of self-confidence), understanding (zone of confidence), compromise (zone of anxiety), enjoying the fruits of (“sell out” zone).
Key to success:
the location of the increased comfort, sympathy for others, a harmonious world, the demand for his explanations and logical reasoning.
Vocational guidance:
pedagogy, psychology, humanities, tutor, storyteller, writer, journalist.
SEI (Dumas)
¶
1 function “Good” - subjective sensation. “I am a friend to his taste.”
Living sensory pleasures of life and are looking for them everywhere for itself: delicious food, a comfortable chair, a variety of physiological pleasant feeling. Most consider themselves experts in taste, if I love the heat, all who love the cold - walruses. If I love the cold, all who love the heat - Merzlyakov. It is very self-confident in matters of health, may put their opinions about health “above” the opinions of doctors or even treat them lightly. Almost always have good health, but excessive enthusiasm sensory pleasures of life can greatly podkashivat them. Smoking, alcohol, overeating and other gluttony - it is very difficult to refuse from it all. At the same time, in these matters sensory tastes very conservative. When engaged in a kitchen, it usually turns out he is a very good thing if this “is the soul.” But someone else “strepnyu” can be very critical, especially risky meals. Often, all you need for comfort issues carry with them. Feel free to talk about intimate matters without considering it necessary to something to hide in this, love to talk about their sores. His sensory conservative, so in these matters, he is very affectionate. I am confident in their invulnerability, reliability, “neproshibaemosti”. If it is something “feels”, “feel”, that one will not listen, will do everything “in his own way.” He loves reliable things that can be “horseshoe bend”, and such an idea may come to mind easily. He is fluent in your body, its plasticity. They have always something to feel physically, to confirm their presence in the world, and they surround themselves with such “thing”: soft kitty, warm carpet, wool socks, iron balls spinning fingers. Many “fussing” for convenient - it is not convenient, but do not worry, namely “fussing” as a way to maintain a conversation. The first function of the third: meaning that in matters of sensory pleasures, he understands a lot. Both functions are focused on themselves, so the destruction of this principle very strongly his exasperated.
2 function “must” - the object of ethics. “Yes, I know how to please people, and even if they do not like someone - I will work on it.”
Very skillful and subtle manipulator people’s feelings, schemer, a psychologist, is able to please and sees this as his destiny. Often, non-communicative like people in need of contact, carries them to “light”. Constantly in the process of building an ethical: can promise something a man just for the sake of improving relations with him. Rarely are alone, because wherever there are people, there it is possible to like them, so it is - the subject of their work, whether he likes it or not, you need to act, to create “good relationship” with them. He knows how to make yourself advertising, to create the right mood in society, or from anyone, to boast. He likes to find a negative relationship between people and turn them into positive ones, unite the people. But sometimes, when there is no need to change anything on the “personal front” can deliberately spoil them, and then had the opportunity to once again establish all, that is, to find himself in such a way, the work of the second function. He is able to impose their desires another so that they perceived them as their own. Other people’s desires are often the subject of their scheming, as they allow to improve the attitude towards it, and this is his vocation in society. He loves risky, spontaneous relationships, “on the verge of a foul.” They know how to persuade - they are ideal “vtyuhivateli” goods and services, if become salespeople. Top “levator sentiment” in the world, “Splochateli teams.” But the constant intrigue often costs them their jobs, because what they are able to seamlessly “white” to pass off as “black” and at the same time to go “unscathed”, sooner or later it becomes apparent when it happens regularly. The second function of the third: love to win the goodwill of the people talking on the themes that he really understands the issues of understanding with loved ones. The second of the first and fourth sometimes can also try to gain the sympathy of candid impressions of how it somewhere good time, positive impressions of his stay in the nature, some festival or stunning an atmosphere of general “positive” in any place where he was well-located, offering the next time go together.
3 function “Problems” - subjective logic. “How to find an easy way to understand everything?”
It is important to understand everything. Therefore, if you ask him about the difficult things sometimes, you can hear the answer that he understands them (only a very peculiar). It is important that everyone knew him as well. If understanding is impossible, that human self-esteem drops, so it does not like to admit that something is not understood. It is important to praise the consistency, likes to boast that he was up to something thought of himself. Often he loves to refer to some everyday stories, because nobody will not even think to check their authenticity, in general likes to refer to someone as a way to protect their reasoning (since then responsible for objectivity is passed on to them). He loves implemented in areas that do not require the actual confirmation. When the passive protection of self pleads stupid or complains that no one understands, the active will argue that he understands all right. His logic - the logic of common sense, simple worldly savvy, as it is difficult to say something. All burst into his life, must be understood and comprehended. And he, breaking into other people’s lives, hopes to be understood by them. He is afraid to make a mistake in their understanding of something, do not guess, but if anything, can be very easy to change your explanations, just as the opinion, but so that it is not conspicuous ( “crocodiles fly, but a low-dwarf”). Many are worried and are trying to clarify questions of understanding with others, “you do not understand me, because I wanted to do better.” They want to be appreciated for its sincerity.
4 function of “I want” - the object of intuition. “Oh, you already have a harmonious, perfect world? Giving family, work and go to you!”
Looking for a place to stay where there is no external conflicts, where there is an external harmony, positive atmosphere and avoid places where it is not. According to this principle can and pick up his personal life, work. It can get involved in unexpected ideas for the structure of the world, inspired bold innovative ideas. He loves nature because it is constant, not changing, always calm and harmonious. It inspires any external harmony and dislikes when it is destroyed. If this happens, just go back to where it is, without trying to change something. Often harmony for it is still there, where he feels the center of some of the situation around him “everything revolves.” They love to visit festivals, carnivals, festivals, because they are foreign harmony holiday atmosphere. Usually this type of people absorb the the atmosphere, the harmony, the situation that prevailed at the time when they were children, and then reproduce in their lives is it really love to remember his childhood as something to which they’d like to come back. Very talented people like bearing outer harmony: the creators of art, musicians, artists, poets, sometimes willing to support them, even financially for the opportunity to be in their company, often dragging them to her house to place as if lit outer harmony. Looking for people who believe that all will be well in the future only, believe in a positive future. He does not like the unpredictability, the chaos of the future situation, someone has to help him to seek the correct options to catch the desired capabilities, so it is very suggestible and trusting in matters of decision-making. He likes predictability, to move “from target to target.” If this the sequence is disrupted and unexpected event happens, it may fall into a “stupor”, so usually tries to “podstelit straw”, to provide in advance all the options. A good place for him even where there is an external integrity of the landmark general movement, estimated timetable. For example, I go to college to finish it in 5 years. If it harness to some schedule, schedule, the most out of this would be difficult due to the function Suggestibility. That is instead necessary to give another, more advanced, with a guaranteed “bright future.”
- 1 function “Poor” - object sensation.
They do not like to strain, do not like. It is necessary to make one, second, third, and so want to relax, have a good time. And often the work is a sacrifice of “spree”. Dress is often not very stylish: no whole image, in general appearance they have not “worked out.” They can, for example, not to follow the teeth, if they do not hurt. Do not know how to count money and treat them all: not having time to get them, soon spend, often live in debt. Do not know how to endure, wait to achieve goals achieved. Instead, consider that all this is - evil, and you just need to live happily without attaching any importance to this. Do not attach importance to the actions and deeds of others, as if carried away instead only themselves. Ignore other people’s volitional pressure on myself, something like: “Well, that, and I want to.” Usually they are - very stubborn children who will do everything in its own way and “put pressure” on them can be difficult in this respect. With age, this is less, but still present. If the first function may not operate objectively, its actions are under attack, you can begin to defend themselves: climb into the fray, attacking someone. Thus a person clears the field for its future activities. If a situation arises where there is no way to continue to live in his pleasure, then we have to somehow make themselves work, strain, to earn more money for it.
- 2 the function “Do not” - subjective ethics.
His present relation to something not often expressed only in certain situations. And it is not like the other revelations, especially in relation to itself, outside of those same situations. They usually have their opinion if they slip, it is very veiled. In other situations, they say, it’s nice to listen, teaches in a favorable light. Even if they want sometimes to criticize someone, the cultural, politely, diplomatically. But in some situations, which is considered acceptable for this purpose, of course, his words will not climb. That is my real attitude speaks only when someone strongly “comes on his toes” or when it will not change the attitude to it, there is still at it can be some of his rules for such situations, it is dependent on the individual. If you want to express their attitude to something, it does it “banal”, as they do in principle. If a person for a long time could not find a job for the second function, as in this case - a rarity, so as communication is always there, it can start to criticize others, to express their real attitude to something, usually with a minus sign. Thus, there is an alignment of subjective and objective realities and can again to “create” in the sphere of relations, as they come in the end to the “common denominator.”
- 3 function “Problem Solving” - Object logic.
He always handy notebook with phones of all professionals in any field, which may be useful if there are any with the logic of the objective world problems. Also, if something is not clear, it is very helpful is to look in a textbook, encyclopedia, in which all will be written, and it is easier to understand all this. He often carries a handbooks, instructions, but climbs in them, unfortunately, only when problems arise. And while they are not there, he can easily make some mistake. For example, can the car do something wrong just because that something was not well understood until the beginning of the “act up” something. Sometimes it can work on pre-emption, “Collect” different ways of solving various potential problems and the objective world at the right time to share it with someone else, so you do not strain. However, it is difficult to foresee all.
- 4 function “do not want to, I’m afraid” - subjective intuition.
It does not like to dive, “inward”, afraid of this. Even more afraid when someone tries to do it for him. The first thing he would say, “do not climb into the soul.” Because of this may seem very superficial, inconsistent man, devoid of “inner core.” Such things as the principles and ideology for him - something too frightening. However, in certain situations, it may consider it acceptable, but very rarely. In other situations, he says that he’s all right, even when it is obviously not the case. But admit it - then fear to invade the area. Dislikes undergo massive emotional attack, since it provokes a change in the internal state that it’s scary. If the fourth function can not find a comfortable location and you can not leave, it can sometimes be included minus fourth. So there are people who love begin to pour out his soul to random passengers on the train, like a new place of work “complain to the vest.” Thus, he seeks contact with the outer harmony of the world and when someone says to him: “Do not worry, everything is bound to be good”, the place becomes at once good and can work again on the fourth function. Once triggered, it can be a good way to give yourself a comfortable place to stay “on the pre-emption.” He can first begin to pour out the soul at the first sign that the place may not be comfortable, and only then include a fourth. And even begin to be curious to issues of internal human problems that then it was easier for them to talk.
Summary description:
Irrationals, which means inner unpredictability (constancy in unpredictability), windy, and vice versa symptoms very standard: clothing, work, “product”. The main function of a highly probable events that can be considered a positive factor due to slightly lower its unpredictability. The main products are also associated with highly probable events that can be considered as a negative factor because of its still larger than the standard. The introverted type, which means that he perceives himself to be something separate from the outside world, not something included in it. To itself it seems confusing and complicated, so it is - quite secretive, does not like to talk about itself some details. I am pleased to learn their inner world, and the surrounding seems to him simple and intuitive, so he knows how to safely manipulate it, can take a “command” for themselves. Dominant needs associated with the leading features: superficially gives the impression of “Daisy”, an active person: a minute without work, externally - often, like “blood and milk” (the tendency to choleric temperament - unbalanced, movable). But self-esteem always decreases suddenly, as she and generally weak functions related to the needs of the subdominant. Living in the flow of both quantitative and qualitative information, which means the ability to maneuver well in her stream: to know where to go and act effectively.
Type signs:
eat of (self-confidence zone), compromise (confidence zone), understanding (experience zone), romantic (corruption zone).
Keys to success:
a harmonious location and predictability of the future, understanding of the world and mutual understanding with people who are physically comfortable and pleasant world, the demand for his ability to “build bridges” and friends.
Vocational guidance:
sales management products, psychology, senior, school teacher, salesman of any goods and services, the actor entertainment genre.
ESE (Hugo)
¶
1 function “good” - the object of ethics. “I was impossible not to love!”
Lives external relations between people, other people’s emotions and feelings, knows how to please others, to create a positive atmosphere. Conservative in estimates of how someone who belongs to, including him, if only this ratio did not change - it can cause irritation in it, and the fact that someone does not agree with him on this. Strongly rejects those who treat them badly or general acts from base motives, they are for it - like a red rag to a bull. Affectionate to people, he sure is cute. It knows how to appreciate people. Relationship perceived as permanent and if the person has changed, they are never in it do not believe, as the relationship for them - a zone of conservatism. “Good” should be “good” and “bad” - “bad.” If they begin to behave on the contrary - it is an irritant. Therefore, do not want to believe in a change in the situation with regard to “to last “until the facts are already outrageous, and it can easily be said, say that to blame someone else. Never deliberately aggravates relations. Stable multiple personal relationships, communication organize the foundation of his personality. It can not be one, because if there is no relationship with someone, if anyone is not needed, and I was not there. The world community should be a good, kind, loving and caring. Sometimes it can look for a place among the religious sects, as it is preached by the principle of “everyone should love everyone.” If you can not win the feelings of others, it provokes in him an inner irritation, inferiority complex. They are the zealots such thing as behavioral norms, so that people in certain situations, to demonstrate compliance with this situation, the feelings, deviation from which they can be annoying. They need public. Any situation - is primarily a set of relations. The first function of the third: meaning that in his world everyone will love each other, if there’s to be an external conflict, the blow comes from two functi
2 function “must” - the subjective sensation. “I know how to cook sandwiches and I will be glad to someone to compete in it.”
He is a specialist in physical comfort, sensory pleasures, he likes to deliver his people. He likes cooking, approaches this issue is very creative, though sometimes - too creative, as often dishes out too specific. Great experimenter in matters of a wide variety of sensory pleasures, loves their maximum diversity. The proposal to try a rare exotic dish will be seen more often, “with a bang”. Often - good masseurs. Always taking care of loved ones in the physical sense. They know how to create coziness and comfort in some, not intended for this place. Creative and skillful in matters of medicine: if you find that you need to have an operation in the field, they will do it with pleasure without any experience. Generally I like to treat other people and make them healthier body, to conduct experiments on the recovery of the body, to doing it beautiful: hardening, changes in appearance, weight loss. Love also taste anything: unexpected tastes, smells, physical sensations, and give it to the people all around. Worn all day with offers close “but eat berry”, “smell like a flower smells good,” “and you want massazhik do?”, “Maybe you want a candy with jam?”. If someone asks them about some sensory pleasure - it can be difficult to deny, in this context, can sometimes come at a fairly strange territory pleasures simply because someone about something asked. The second function of the first and third: always concerned about loved ones to the external situation was harmonious, well, sometimes even in passing on those generally sympathetic. The second of four: can sometimes attempt to “cajole” someone pleasing to him something explained, helped to understand.
3 function “Problems” - an object of intuition. “How to make sure that life was” raspberry “?”
Be careful not to miss anything in life, do not keep up with the possibilities of the outside world. They go all out running, just to stay in place. Their self-esteem is dependent on the external situation integrity, they are very worried that somewhere in this same integrity is broken: for example, someone in the family had a row - is necessary to run urgently “extinguish” the conflict, all to make peace, even if he has matured and all will better it somehow once “razrulit” that this does not come back. Until recently, they cling to relationships, even if they have long been exhausted, so as not to destroy the integrity of the external situation. This can completely undermine themselves, but would not destroy Status Quo. If a neighbor has a vegetable garden, then they should immediately make it if a new film, be sure to see it, to keep up with the world, They can chase fashion. It’s just not the pursuit of external harmony, and the marathon. He likes to be in nature, since it is constant and harmonious at the same time. Dislikes external contradictions, incomprehensibility of the situation, constantly trying to clear it. It seeks to preserve the constancy of life situation, even where it is clearly not possible. In the case of active protection function - it simply upgraded, constantly adapts to the changes of the world, so that all can continue to remain unchanged for some time and the question of the integrity of the external situation is successfully resolved. When passive protection man resigns himself to the fact that this is not possible, and let things take their course, falls short of life and recognizes the impossibility of preserving their idea of the perfect world in the surrounding area. Often they love holidays, traditions, as they also do exactly harmonizing function in society: people are forced to come to terms, to be harmonious with the point of view of the external situation. They want to have it was “like men.” His ideals are trying to objectify in the outside world: to create a perfect, fairy-tale world in which all will be well, perfect. To recognize the impossibility of it - means to kill self-esteem, so they often believe in fairy tales, like movies with “happy endami” to survive is a condition where the outer harmony failed. In general, often pay attention to the signs, horoscopes, tarot cards, often religious: all that can provide at least some possible assistance in building an ideal world, set in motion. Magical worlds can only be built with magical ways.
4 function “I want to” - subjective logic. “The keys can not be found where they are hidden and where the lighter and more clear to me where they could get there.”
Man consciously looking for a place where everything is clear and it avoids those where something remains unclear, complicated, first of all from the point of view of common sense. It needs people who are able to clearly explain complex things, often tied to them for that reason. If you tell him that something would be difficult to understand that he will not try to figure it out, just run away. If you say it’s easy, and it’s clear it will be easy, because it is inspired by this. Very instill an understanding of other people and in general any logic, therefore, can easily believe in the strangest and unrealistic things, them it is easy to convince. They love to go to learn, but those courses where in detail and clearly, all meticulously explained. Lectures, which just give the terms and facts, they fear, because each of them has to be meticulously explained to them first. There may be deceived by fraudsters because of the suggestibility of their logic, it is necessary to remember it always. Someone must constantly explain to them that everything is simple and clear, then seat it will sound good. If you leave a situation where it is unclear that it is impossible, you can pretend to be a fool, or to pretend that it’s not interesting, boring. Angry at the people who know but refuse to explain what is not clear to him, he said that they thus scoff at him. The best habitat - primarily on 100% understandable and predictable.
- 1 function “Poor” - subjective ethics.
The proper attitude toward someone or something man completely ignored. Instead, it is subjected social suggestion. If all say that something “good”, and that something “bad”, then he will think and say the same thing, even if it is fundamentally not true. In addition, he never expressed his true relationship to anything aloud, he believes this is a very personal and highly intimate affair about which to say it should not. Instead lives external relations between people. If it is forced to do so, it behaves as a “much in the pan”, as it may be turned out to not look bad in the eyes of others. Maybe even especially to convince himself that he fully agreed with the opinion of the others, even if it is frankly wrong. This makes it a little disingenuous: he can not ignore the existing problems instead “to sing the tune of the” majority. When decision in any society, it needs to change its attitude towards someone or something, it does it without thinking. Moreover, sometimes it can be ignored and their feelings. If the person who is liked, is a popular figure in the community, you can not this feeling just give value to calculate the feeling something unworthy of himself. Sometimes even your attitude towards someone just playing. In the situation when the first feature may not function properly, it can sometimes include this feature. For example, when he is forced to fend off attacks on themselves, then we can begin to openly rude, to say that someone is thinking about really. In this way, there is a merging themselves with the outside world, and further problems once solved, as it becomes the view heard and have nothing to hide, it is possible to act “in the open”, not hiding “behind a fig.”
- 2 the function “Do not” - object sensation.
Applications for force him allowed only in the most extreme situations. For example, when you were attacked, and then, perhaps, we can sometimes somehow “get out.” That is some very rare situations, he raises the norm and deviation from this understanding does not like. Therefore, unwarranted use of force does not accept, and rudeness. Not really likes to strain to go to the goal “in that whatever the cost”, to overcome difficulties. During the appearance, but are not to say that makes it very efficient in terms of the ability to create an image. With the money can not handle a lot of fun to spend, sometimes gets into debt. Earn enough standard techniques to cover their small and not very joy and pleasure. Anyway, it is quite difficult to millionaire to become. In a situation where there is no possibility of finding “work” in the field of subjective sensory over time - can sometimes begin to criticize the police actions of others, blame the rudeness, brawling, even “dissolve fists.” This allows him to shorten the distance with the man, to soften it, then you can have it and “regret” hug, “prigolubit”, say: “Come to me, I do regret a little bit,” and the problem of “work” is solved.
- 3 function “Problem Solving” - subeknaya intuition.
If outwardly everything went bad, harmony is not obtained, then the solution of this problem can be searched by the search of harmony interior. Sometimes - in alcohol, sometimes - through “stored” arsenal. This can be a psychologist or auditory training, meditation, and maybe a girlfriend, which is able to lift the mood. In any case, he resorts to this only in situations when “all bad.” AT others may not think about their inner harmony, instead constantly solving external problems. Well, in general it is clear that we can not all always try to artificially “glue” just stupid “to extinguish the problem,” driving them underground, because if they are, it means that we must think of something, what an idea. If he learns to build on this, and the external problems are solved much easier. Otherwise, they will be stronger only be felt in the future.
- 4 function “do not want to, I’m afraid” - the logic of the object.
Afraid of the objective world factors. For example, you need to pass on the right, but is afraid to get behind the wheel, because he knows that it is difficult: you have to watch the road, to know and apply the rules and on time to switch the pedal and transmission. Therefore, most likely it will think that it is necessary to “pass on the right” to do anything without doing. In the house they “anarchy” may prevail for the same reason. After all, to make repairs, clean house, throw out all superfluous - it is necessary at least a little, but to work for fear zone. And this would not be desirable, therefore, it lays it all a very long time, until there will be nothing to breathe. Only then will have to “clean up the balcony”, put all trash in places or throw. He was scared to begin to implement their plans and ideas. After all, he was immediately intrudes into the territory of fears. Therefore, most of it and will reflect on the theme of “to be or not to be” than actually make a decision to do something, to change. He does not like it when he just tell the facts, without explaining what they mean. Better then not to speak, because it scares him. The doctor came and said that he had herpes, ordered to smear green paint and then ran away, without explaining anything. Serious situation: What if this terrible disease? And I do not even understand it. If in some place it all seems confusing and impossible to escape from there, sometimes this function is activated. Then he begins to talk about topics that he knows for sure: to say that the earth revolves around the sun, and if someone picks it, explain it, and why it is happening. In this way, matter of understanding will be removed and the location will become yet more comfortable.
Summary description:
Rational, which means the internal predictability and consistency. External manifestation of the contrary is very unusual: clothing, work, “product”. The main function of a highly events, which makes it even more conservative and may be considered as a negative factor. The main “product” is also associated with highly probable events that can be considered a positive factor because of its somewhat larger than the standard. Extraverted type, it means that he sees himself part of the world, not something out of it isolated. To itself it seems clear and simple, so do not hesitate to tell something about themselves. The world around him seems complicated, difficult to understand, so he does not know how to manipulate, distribute commands instead with interest studying it. Dominant needs associated with the leading features: superficially gives the impression of “Daisy”, an active person: a minute without work, externally - often, like “blood and milk” (the tendency to choleric temperament - unbalanced, movable). But self-esteem always decreases suddenly, as she and generally weak functions related to the needs of the subdominant. Living in the flow of both quantitative and qualitative information, which means the ability to maneuver well in her stream: to know where to go and act effectively.
Type signs:
compromise (self-confidence zone), eat of (confidence zone), romantic (Area experiences), understanding (the corruption of the zone).
Keys to success:
clarity all around at the location, to achieve harmony in the world and the realization of its possibilities, good and loving the world, the demand for his ability to create physical comfort.
Vocational guidance:
the specialty services, specializing in the field of nature, a masseur, a builder, beauticians, food sector, medicine, musician, art, furniture maker, interior designer, tourism.
LII (Robespierre)
¶
1 function “Good” - subjective logic. “I understand everything better than others.”
It is very affectionate to his understanding of anything, his thinking, his logic, concepts, confident and conservative in this, convince impossible to “live” this does not necessarily sharing it with others. If you do not converge with the facts, sometimes even “the worse for the facts.” Trying to criticize it causes irritation in it. Is able to reason logically, but does not like to defend his vision of the situation: “Who knew - he knew the rest is not given”, so often surrounds himself with the concept of “my school” - those who accept his logic judgment and will not go to criticize. It is very hard for a long time changing its logical conclusions: Time needed for error judgment. He likes to get away with the way he understands it. If this can not be achieved - there is irritation. Therefore, they can only persuade weighty arguments, and the new information it receives is often skeptical, if he is not sure of this: you need to all carefully weighed before saying “yes.” His thinking is fundamental, thorough, something that can be “lean” in which case, so there should be no risk of them and difficult to demand that someone’s thoughts instantly approves. In general, try to understand everything first, and only then take for yourself. If something can not understand the development of the material it is more difficult because it is difficult to accept for themselves. So often is a very long time to learn something before you use, even if the question is very simple. The first function of the third: it means their understanding of how to be healthy. If it fails, it also means “double blow” and a self-assessment, and psyche.
2 function “must” - an object of intuition. “Peace, harmony, and who are not harmonious - the guillotine will tell us.”
The purpose of this human life - to improve, harmonize the world, to build the integrity of the external situation. So sometimes they are quite ruthless to those who would destroy it. Skillful maneuvering capabilities in flow - their horse and they approach this issue very creatively. They know what and how you can improve elsewhere. They know how to make out the situation in the parts and assemble in a more harmonious, modernized sound, generators are often bold ideas “bestow happiness of mankind.” Look for a place where there is chaos, there to organize everything. They know how to help a person to understand some complex external problem in an original way, “razrulivat” external conflicts between people to finish something for others, have the talent innovator. Sometimes, however, some business they may unwittingly end up not lead, because then they become unnecessary. Therefore, the perfect world for them - it is a dead world, something to improve it should always be. May often seek to use art as a way to create external harmony, able to create a harmonious atmosphere anywhere. “Storytellers”, seeking to create a situation of perfect peace, perfect people. But that’s really living in it does not always fit, often can see the solution to this “nesostykovochka” in need “drastic measures” to them. They like to educate people, say, thrown by someone near the urn bottle can provoke them to it, even if it is not safe in any situation, as it is - their “product”. The second function of the third: harmonize the world in terms of its safety, security and health. Can be a lot of talk about it. The second function of the first: sometimes talk about their understanding of what needs to be done to make the world a better place. The second of four: sometimes can also talk about how to improve the world, so that later you all loved and respected.
3 function “Problems” - the subjective sensation. “Sandwiches must be safe for health and healthy!”
Most of the worries cause health issues, utility / harmfulness, and reliability is evident. They often - walking guides to medicine, know when to take that in the event of sickness. These questions are the area of self-esteem, so in these matters, they are not afraid to overdo it: winter swimming, training, jogging in the morning, drink specialty products to promote health. Often addicted and alternative medicine, their interest in attracting all that can somehow improve health, they are always talking about it. The slightest danger to him they perceive very boyaznenno: when it’s cold - they are the first to notice that an urgent need to dress warmer. Can ask to reduce the speed when someone goes quickly by car. Any threat to health is considered invalid, even taking off screw door of the car is perceived as a potential threat to their lives and refuse to move in a way, always check the equipment, the equipment on the most insignificant occasion, never entrust the “packed your parachute,” someone else. If they have any health problems, then this is for them a serious blow to self-esteem. With active protection functions will still seek to prove their physical consistency, to be torn in the front row “into the breach” (say, the first to run on clean-pull of gravity), and passive They will say: “Yes, I’m old and sick.” Anything that can confirm them by their physical consistency, is it done in the first place. Therefore, they love exercise as a way to prove that they are still “hoo”. The worst punishment for them - lie helplessly sick in bed in front of other people. They like to feel safe in medical terms from the organization in which they work. They - of the hostages of the word “useful”, especially if it relates to health. Usually very care about social protection, duty to the people of the state, because they are afraid to get into a situation where “no one will file a glass of water.” To convince yourself that health is all right, for them it is desirable to periodically somehow feel his body strength: hiking, climbing, marathon, triathlon, etc. If the test is passed, the health and can not be “something wrong.”
4 function of “I want” - the object of ethics. “Prices have a wife and kids, and not go to a neighbor!”
A good place for such a person where it all like, well disposed towards him. If someone says treats him badly (for example, the wife says in her heart: “I hate you”), then takes it literally and tries to immediately get out of there, find a place where everyone will treat him well (or say that this is the case). Therefore, it is extremely difficult to be in places where they do not know who it belongs to him. The appearance of him as a man who tells them: “cool, man!” Is perceived as “the phenomenon of Christ to the people.” It is suggestible to when they say who it belongs to him. He loves positive emotions of other people, as if they charged. Moves towards the reigning “most positive” emotions, positive emotions and avoid places of high concentration of negative. He dislikes situations of intrigue, scandal-mongering, since in such a situation can become a victim of their own. Therefore it is always bad refers to the “whispering a secret”, seeing it as evil intentions. The relationship people always have to be open, honest, kind. Word about the relationship must always coincide with the chores, or - there is something wrong. Saying that you love a person - this has to be seen and, in fact, and if in fact it is not visible - it means it’s not true. Very suspicious in regard to himself and others, suspecting some “zapodlo”, even if it’s some tiny little thing, already strives either immediately break off relations, or exclude a person from
- 1 function “Poor” - Object logic.
“If the world does not conform to my understanding of it, the facts - so much the worse for the facts.” This position often provokes its isolation in society, since society is accustomed to the fact that a man is justified his expectations and the deviation from this principle may be considered “deviants.” Powerful subjective logic, “the ability to look into the future” to work in the mode most often compensates the desire to ignore the facts. But where might the miscalculation associated with ignoring the facts of objective reality, one is confronted with a real problem, falling into a stupor, as the solution of such problems requires time due to the fact that the first function be unable to rebuild quickly. In life, it looks like this: a man running to the store, because he knows that he was there. And the ten years since closed. He does not like all these external rules, laws, regulations, even the Criminal Code treats as something strange that you can get around easily if you do not agree with him. Hates bureaucracy messing with documents unexpected facts of reality. The best technique for him - one that does not break if it is certainly not an expert on it. After an unexpected failure of a good thing can also be surprising fact of objective reality. We can say that the objective reality of the facts for that person - something that just should not interfere, contrary to his understanding of reality. If a person is talking on the themes object of logic, it is often critical of the laws, standards, the political system, which allows him to still be closer to the objective reality in a sense. If kakoy-to situation feels a threat to the normal operation of the first function: for example, its logic has failed, it may nevertheless start to pick up and retrieve kakie-to facts to protect its future logical constructions, even though it is not easy. Thus, reflecting external aggression to the first function, and eventually calms down. You may also start to pick up the necessary facts to defend their reasoning, for instance, in the dispute, if he knows that you have to “fight back fiercely.” There is some kind of binding to their understanding of reality and of man himself enough whether adopted or not their opponents. Those, in turn, can be brought to the “white heat”, as in this situation a person is not interested in their arguments, he simply defends his first feature.
- 2 the function “Do not” - subjective intuition.
He has a small set of relevant patterns of internal states, which he tries to fit himself and demand the same from others at the funeral should be upset at the holidays - be in high spirits, etc. Those who do the opposite - are wrong. Ideas and principles for it - is also something that is sometimes, but rarely needed, but as a statement of the form to achieve some goal, rather than on their own. In a situation where a person can not find a job for the second function may begin to criticize the ideas and principles of others, thereby better delves into their internal problems. This allows you to adjust its work to harmonize the external world, to match the real living people, not a “magic man”.
- 3 function “Problems” - object sensation.
If the “peaceful means” you can not come into contact with health, we have to take drastic measures are tough: hiking in the mountains, winter swimming, martial arts, exhausting diet, fasting marathons. That is, the worse the health of the more exhausting yourself all of this. If all so good, then all can be limited to collecting hobby medicine and ways to protect against the slightest threat to health. And if there are problems, then people will be more work on the creation of themselves “combat-ready fighting unit.” It may begin to perceive your sexual stamina as a way to prove their health and begin to get involved in extreme sports: in fact the person who can be alloyed in the kayak on the mountain river - can not be weak.
- 4 function “do not want to, I’m afraid” - subjective ethics.
Man afraid to boldly express their attitude towards someone or something. It is difficult to say that there is something he does not like. Instead, most will express their opinion a compromise only if it is very “boiling” or have nowhere to go. Sometimes, however, it can act allusions and jokes, so a little bit easier. The same applies to the personal sphere, to talk about their sympathies to someone can be difficult, scary. If this does occur, then the person perceives it is always very painful, especially if you can not find mutual understanding. Usually he hopes that people will be sensitive to each other, will be able to catch the hints on the subject of who and what I do not like, or vice versa, what someone wants. Feel free to say, “I want to,” he does not know how much more he would say, “Well, you can”, “would not mind”, and maybe it does not say if the great fear. If some place and the situation is not comfortable with the point of view of the fourth function, but you can not leave it, then the person can start working on the minus fourth. Something similar may occur in unfamiliar, unusual situations. Suddenly, and for himself, he begins to “issue” the relation to something: that the “good” that “Bad”, interested in the problems of other people trying to take part in them, to help somehow, be sensitive and responsive until it receives a positive assessment of the response. Then turn on the fourth and again you can start to work hard to please everyone.
Summary description:
Rational, which means the internal predictability and consistency. External manifestation contrary very unusual: clothing, work, “product”. However, in the unlikely event a landmark for the main functions makes it a little less than the standard, which can be considered a positive factor. But the products are linked to the unlikely event that makes it even more exalted, it can be considered a negative factor. The introverted type, which means that he perceives himself to be something separate from the outside world, not something included in it. To itself it seems confusing and complicated, so - quite secretive, he does not like to talk about itself some details. I am pleased to learn their inner world. The world around him seems simple and straightforward, so he knows how to safely manipulate it, can take a “command” for themselves. Dominant needs associated with weak functions. Because of this, it is extremely important for health to have outside support of their actions: to have a location where it will cause everyone’s sympathy and be physically strong, socially protected (3 and 4 function). As the leading function is not related to the dominant requirements, the superficially may impress some lethargy actions lack of vitality in man (the tendency to melancholy temperament - unbalanced, stationary). Living in the flow of both quantitative and qualitative information, which means the ability to maneuver well in her stream: to know where to go and act effectively.
Type signs:
understanding (self-confidence zone), romantic (self zone), eat of (experience zone), compromise (corruption zone).
Keys to success:
the sympathy of others in the location, health and social security, clear and adequate to his ideas the world, the demand for his ability to create harmony in the world.
Vocational guidance:
music, legislation, Designer, Optimizer, medicine, art, designer interiors, construction related to the nature of the profession, the food sector.
SLE (Zhukov)
¶
1 function “Good” - an object sensing. “I - the most powerful man in the world, rookie.”
It is very self-confident in their own abilities, he believes that can do everything. Often the impression voluntarist: I think it’s right, then it should be good for everyone. It produces an impression of a strong man, he seemed to always have enough space around, “like a bull in a china shop.” If he is physically strong, that despises “wimps”, if the opposite is weak, then all athletes - “redneck”. Often good handle money, but these issues are either too conservative or too cocky. Life is perceived through the prism of power “who is who”. In order to be heard by them, you need to force yourself to respect in any way. Any weakness of man perceived as a disadvantage, so often they can use it, not seeing anything wrong. Always do something, developing skills. Usually, their strength is visible to the naked eye, but it lacks flexibility, rather it is something monumental and conservative. Always try to be just the first in any case, if this does not work, something very angry. If their strength and ability to question, it should also be a flash of aggression. Potentially - excellent athletes, but a constant re-evaluation of their own forces is fraught with injuries. Preaches the cult of power and skill, confident in their external data. It asserts its exclusivity, uniqueness. He does not consider it necessary to get someone on the approval of this or that act, and the decision is made ??by a very arrogant. Do not hesitate to use force anywhere. Angry, annoyed, if someone it “contradict” and is externally visible. Sometimes, at first irritated, and only then is able to understand something of what was said to him, since the function irratsiaonalna, that is not connected with thinking. Listen to the opinion of the other side of the slope only when something could not be done by yourself or if it is necessary to use the explicit authority in his eyes, respect to you, he listened. He loves extreme situations as a way to prove to himself that he was living there. In addition, because it is easier to receive from society the right to approve their actions. First, to do something, and only then They can understand what they have done. A man of action, act. Inclined to force the philosophy of chanting, independent coping, victory at all costs, “could bear to fill up - a man.” Representatives of the opposite sex prefer to win, to take as a fortress strongest storm. And, always sure that everything here depends only on himself, his strength, capabilities. Hence - the extremely irritating when realizing that it was not possible to achieve the goal. The weak point man - the inability to understand that not everything in life depends on him alone. Therefore, if a person does not achieve success in life, then it becomes very irritable, because at heart considers himself a loser. I am confident that looks and dress well. He was hard to be in a situation where nothing can be done to change, to be in “limbo”, just wait for the right moment for action, not “touch off” all at once. They are constantly accompanied by a restless activity, workaholism. Not a minute without any action, which means that sometimes the inability to stop and think. If the air hangs a pause, it required some action. If they say something, it immediately sounds problematic action. The first function of the third: meaning that all must admire his qualities, strength, skills, actions. If it does not, then there is less self-esteem and psyche.
2 function “It is necessary to” - subjective logic. “I learned a lot in my life, but I want to understand more, including what I understand is not right.”
He likes long, detailed and creatively explain anything other than a teacher, a teacher, “I explain, while I listen while 100% will not be sure that everyone understood everything.” Ask him questions - sometimes you can listen to the answer for hours, sometimes just looking for someone to speak out on “their understanding of something” “Wriggle out” of this can be difficult if you do not talk about it straight. Something similar can be the object and the second logic function sometimes, but in this case the emphasis is not on facts, but on the fact that all necessarily all have understood, sometimes explained as children for this reason. This man is constantly looking for an audience with questions, but did not explain in terms of knowledge, but from the point of view of how he understands it, that is more intelligible and meticulously. Loves find a range of applications: something that has not been studied and understood before, sometimes like to begin to explore the unknown for itself a sphere in which they have no qualifications, as this allows us to develop the scope of “understanding” something that is very tempting for the creative function. The second function of the third: likes to talk a lot about relationships, psychology. The second function of the first and fourth sometimes likes to talk about what we need to be strong, successful and principled.
3 function “Problems” - the object of ethics. “I wish I win the People’s Choice Award!”
It is important that all treated him well. He does not like ambiguity in this matter and constantly seeks to clarify the situation: “Let’s find out all the same, you respect me or not?”. Clarification of this issue could cause any little thing: face, eyes, and so on. Often with age becoming also good psychologists, since it allows you to maintain a good self-esteem. It is fixed on the relation to his particular people and ignores the “public opinion”. Very susceptible to social recognition: honor, glory, respect, letters, insignia, etc. For the sake of good relations can sometimes be up to him and to work away for free, to help someone to do something of a sense of camaraderie. If the environment appears someone whose feelings for him negative, it causes a drop in its self-evaluation. With its active protection - it will try to win the good attitude of man at any cost, passively - on the contrary, it can say something like: “I’m here now so bad.” If there is a good relationship, you may try to adjust them at any cost, or, conversely, to avoid them in the case of realization of the impossibility to change something. Susceptible to any flattery, often ready to support any opinion, and to compromise, you do not accidentally change the attitude to yourself, and if you do not agree with someone, it is very diplomatic. Speaking to representatives of this type - often feel internal stress associated with fear to cause me to film, so they often think ten times before you say anything. As if to refer to this as a job. Move up the career ladder often at the expense of the ability to be considerate of others.
4 function “I want to” - subjective intuition. “Prove to me that I am principled and harmonious, and I - your forever, pack and take to his home.”
Choose a place of stay, where do not experience internal discomfort, conflict with itself, where his ideas and principles are shared, and without any explanation. If this can not be achieved, then just change it. They like people who know how to raise them up, to create harmony in the soul, “and sing-ka gypsy so that at heart I felt good, good.” Strangers are taught good mood They do not like to be close to those who have it worse. Often alcohol is used as a means to “fill the soul” that is potentially fraught with alcoholism, and the person can be sure that so do all. Their main requirement for the location, not to cause controversy with their ideals and principles. If this is not the situation, then he leaves, saying that “it is - not my world, it is not interesting to me.” There can be anywhere when the external situation “hurts the soul” it causes some “itching”. If the place comfortable, then it automatically “all its” as the default share his beliefs, and from then on there are prerequisites in order to do what it sees fit. Therefore, love, to be clearly received “with all the cockroaches”, creating a microcosm of “their”, which accept each other’s shortcomings and live with it. Hence the attitude toward this world and the people inhabiting it, as his clan and himself are marketed as a “godfather.” Existing in this world, he has already It contrasted with the “other”, who do not share its principles. Man is aware of the need to maintain harmony within the host, but it is up to the task rarely consults, as it constantly pushes somewhere. To retain her he needed a man who would be his intervention in time to extinguish the “flash”, destroying it, something like: “Well, what are you so wound up, then? It’s okay, all right. ” Poor predictable in their behavior because of that, you never know what kind of mood will be a man today, and that it will work for this reason.
- 1 function “Poor” - the subjective sensation.
Health issues in his area are ignoring. Can not completely aware of this component of the organism and passing others. Work can not rest, have a “bouquet” neglected diseases, but absolutely not to attach any importance to this. Speaking on the topic sores considers a sign of weakness. The best way to be healthy - in sports, in a pinch, you can just take a pill some. It may grow into bad habits just because he does not see anything wrong in them. Well, I drink in the morning to head ache - sober. The food is not fussy and not fussy. All hearty - and it is good. Ridiculed hedonism others. When the first protection function, when it can not function normally, undergoes powerful criticism may also, in response to criticize other people’s physiological weakness, disease, fear. As a result, his claim to the world more softened, as he begins to see “the other side of the coin”: not so severely he demands from others and asceticism becomes better understood by others. Although, at heart, he, of course, like everyone likes to eat. But this - his secret secret that bears the status of “forbidden fruit”. So, can often be specially ordered some tasty dish under some false pretext, for example, supposedly for kids, but he sits there and “eats” it “for both cheeks” for the company with them.
- 2 the function “Do not” - Object logic.
He does not like the changes in the rules and the laws of the external world. They just have them and he adheres to, even though it is not easy. He taught them and they should only be where it is strictly regulated by the society: rules of the road, coming to work on time, payment of taxes, the penal code and is waiting for the same from others. But to meet with friends can be late and that he does often. The inversion of the situation, which is sometimes still happens if you can not be realized by the second function in the world, begins to criticize the political system existing in the world of laws and regulations, an objective order of things. The result is a more objective assessment of the facts of external reality, and it is, sooner or later, it is a job for the second function.
- 3 function “Problem Solving” - subjective ethics.
To solve the problem of self-function, you need to all be loved. But to achieve this, and sometimes need to communicate to people that treat them well, they like to. All The problem is that this function is used as a stop-gap of force majeure for the third function. Therefore, if all is well, then work on it people will not be until the real problems. If he gets into the team, where you have to win the respect, yes, and he will try to express their sympathy to him. But if he knows that in his family, in any case, he will be respected, and it can do everything, he pleases, until you start to arise in this place real problems: for example, the threat of the collapse of the family. And the result is a very strong contrast: for “their” people seems “petty tyrant”, but the rest of it seems to be “the soul of society.” As soon as someone else, the person It becomes a “pious,” and when he left - again “concerts”, “one-man show.” Here a person stores a lot of money to solve the problems of the third function: knows when to smile at the right moment to express my admiration for anything, ask the other person’s problems, volunteered to help solve them. But he only uses it to solve their problems: existing and potential, in the anticipation. It is better to be safe once again, and to praise someone, than if he somehow offended. These feelings in this situation are driven underground and can unexpectedly for him to break out, ruining relationships. And often they are pulled out just where “Possible” - that is, among the “friends”. That creates a potential threat to “domestic tyranny.”
- 4 function “do not want to, I’m afraid” - an object of intuition.
They do not like it when everything is too good harmony in the external world. It is necessary to create a conflict at once, destroy it, inflame passions, to prove that this world - it’s just an illusion, but in fact it is not so good. Full recognition as the future scares him, so it can “buck” and create a breach in the integrity of the external situation, destroying it quiet for the presence of such a threat to themselves. But now I wonder if he thinks. And also can be in the “extreme” condition, adrenaline, to take decisions that will determine the future of all in your hands. Immediately he feels that he is living. A whole world of harmony - is not the world, but just a swamp. Some with them together is difficult not to live, but even the rest: all tuned to the positive, come to have fun and Suddenly some passion-cheeky, “concerts” and “one-man show.” And the thing that scares them the whole external positive and harmony. We need them necessarily enemies, problems, chaos of the outside world, then life has meaning. Also, they do not believe the unexpected beneficial suggestions are afraid of them - looking at this once some kind of trick. They say, free cheese is only in a mousetrap. They can often change jobs, so it was not too predictable in their lives. However, sometimes, in the case of the inability to find a comfortable location to subjective intuition, can start to talk on the theme of harmony of the outside world. For example, it would be nice to play music, to create a relaxing environment. As a result, if it’s all done, it calms him down and inside, the place becomes comfortable. Reception can be remembered and thus can sometimes act “on the pre-emption” is described in such a concept as “Role” function in popular socionics.
Summary description:
Irrationals, which means inner unpredictability
(constancy in unpredictability), windy, and vice versa symptoms very
standard: clothing, work, “product”. The first function is associated
with highly probable events, which somewhat reduces its degree of
unpredictability and may be considered positive factor. The main
“product” is connected with the improbable events, and can also be
considered a positive factor due to the fact that the degree of its
standard is somewhat reduced. Extraverted type, it means that he sees
himself part of the world, not something out of it isolated. To itself
it seems clear and simple, so do not hesitate to tell something about
themselves. The world around him seems complicated, difficult to
understand, so he does not know how to manipulate, distribute commands
instead with interest studying it. Dominant requirements relate to
functions, focused on themselves and not on the surrounding world. This
allows him easy enough to move from place to place, migrate, adapt to
changes in the outside world (the tendency to sanguine temperament -
balanced, agile). It also adds to it an element of self-confidence. The
active position in life due to the fact that the dominant need is on the
first function. Not very active in the work due to the fact that the
subdominant need - in the second. Living in the stream of quantitative
information, which means the ability to work well, but not always with
good efficiency. He can not see what is going in the wrong direction, to
do something for nothing. To improve the quality of his actions need
someone who will guide him in the right “direction” to give external
benchmarks.
Type signs:
volitional (self-confidence zone), understanding (self-zone), compromise (Area experiences), the principal (the corruption of the zone).
Keys to success:
location among like-minded people, gain sympathy and hearts of others, and a strong status world demand for its explanations and logical reasoning.
Vocational guidance:
pedagogy, psychology, humanities, tutor, storyteller, writer, journalist, trainer and theorist.
IEI (Yesenin)
¶
1 function “Good” - subjective intuition. “My ideas and principles - your sacred duty.”
He considers himself very ideological, consistent, principled, very conservative in this, his annoy those who criticize his ideas. He lives the integrity of the internal situation. Often able to see “through” the inner essence of anything or anyone. Ideological romantic and an idealist. He lives his inner harmony, tranquility, serenity, is able to draw inspiration in itself, it can also irritate those who like it is trying to disrupt. Generally does not love those who love him “to climb into the soul”, it is very annoying, and angry. It strives to be inwardly calm in all situations, internally consistent. “Tecuci like a river”: adapt spontaneously to communicate at the source, taking the form of consciousness, which is the most good for the situation. And it thus plays a role, but simply has many faces as well has its internal integrity. That is, it just makes a version of himself. Communicating with you, he always feels your mood, if they live together with you, adapts to it. He likes to dive himself in meditation. In case of failure can make a quality introspection. While in some place - if off of it, and is trying to become invisible in its chameleon-like, especially if it perceives as a threat to their domestic tranquility: for example, in the workplace, so that no one bothered. Maybe even specifically hide it any tricky way: make a barricade of folders so that because of them it was not visible. Dislikes hectic, disharmonious people internally, as this condition can be transmitted to it, sometimes forced to flee from them. Especially funny looks sometimes in a situation where a representative of this type of male sex runs from the ladies, and they pursued him as prey, because they feel that it has something to them so severely lacking: the internal harmony. But it is - not a product, and the subject of domestic consumption, so to share with someone, he can only be with a very narrow number of people, but Sometimes someone might snatch a piece that it is usually very angry. Often, especially in the family, it becomes a critic, as deviate someone from his principles makes him aggressive. If in another situation, he still somehow restrains himself, the house could explode tantrums about it. The first function of the third: meaning that he is principled, consistent and logical in anticipation of action on this in practice. If it turns out that this is not the case, then there is a “double blow” to himself.
2 function “must” - the object of ethics. “Yes, I know how to please people, and even if they do not like someone - I will work on it.”
Very skillful and subtle manipulator people’s feelings, schemer, a psychologist, is able to please and sees this as his destiny. Often, non-communicative like people in need of contact, carries them to “light”. Constantly in the process of building an ethical: can promise something a man just for the sake of improving relations with him. Rarely are alone, because wherever there are people, there it is possible to like them, so it is - the subject of their work, whether he likes it or not, you need to act, to create “good relationship” with them. He knows how to make yourself advertising, to create the right mood in society, or from anyone, to boast. He likes to find a negative relationship between people and turn them into positive ones, unite the people. But sometimes, when there is no need to change anything on the “personal front” can deliberately spoil them, and then had the opportunity to once again establish all, that is, to find himself in such a way, the work of the second function. He is able to impose their desires another so that they perceived them as their own. Other people’s desires are often the subject of their scheming, as they allow to improve the attitude towards it, and this is his vocation in society. He loves risky, spontaneous relationships, “on the verge of a foul.” They know how to persuade - they are ideal “vtyuhivateli” goods and services, if become salespeople. Top “levator sentiment” in the world, “Splochateli teams.” But the constant intrigue often costs them their jobs, because what they are able to seamlessly “white” to pass off as “black” and at the same time to go “unscathed”, sooner or later it becomes apparent when it happens regularly. The second function of the third: love to win the goodwill of the people talking on the themes that he really understands the issues of understanding with loved ones. The second of the first and fourth sometimes can also try to gain the sympathy of his principled and consistent, the delights of someone’s strength, power, solidity and wealth.
3 function “Problems” - subjective logic. “How to find an easy way to understand everything?”
It is important to understand everything. Therefore, if you ask him about the difficult things sometimes, you can hear the answer that he understands them (only a very peculiar). It is important that everyone knew him as well. If understanding is impossible, that human self-esteem drops, so it does not like to admit that something is not understood. It is important to praise the consistency, likes to boast that he was up to something thought of himself. Often he loves to refer to some everyday stories, because nobody will not even think to check their authenticity, in general likes to refer to someone as a way to protect their reasoning (since then responsible for objectivity is passed on to them). He loves implemented in areas that do not require the actual confirmation. When the passive protection of self pleads stupid or complains that no one understands, the active will argue that he understands all right. His logic - the logic of common sense, simple worldly savvy, as it is difficult to say something. All burst into his life, must be understood and comprehended. And he, breaking into other people’s lives, hopes to be understood by them. He is afraid to make a mistake in their understanding of something, do not guess, but if anything, can be very easy to change your explanations, just as the opinion, but so that it is not conspicuous ( “crocodiles fly, but a low-dwarf”). Many are worried and are trying to clarify questions of understanding with others, “you do not understand me, because I wanted to do better.” They want to be appreciated for its sincerity.
4 function of “I want” - object sensation. “Haberdasher and the Cardinal - is power.”
Always move toward the greatest strength, wealth, success, solidity, instilled external form, appearance. Aspire to live a beautiful life, come what may. One gets the feeling that they always manage to be on the winning side, the strongest party. If you change the alignment of forces - and change direction. They always attract strong people, they are easy to put in the best state of mind, if a little “shake” - they are instantly charged the momentum. Constantly need to be in a situation in which there is a sense of his omnipotence: money, power, honor, fame, medals, etc. If at the bottom of the social hierarchy, it will climb upward hook or by crook. If they impose something, they often are not able to resist, resist, as instilled by force. So often, in any case, can behave cold and detached, so you do not get into such a story. A good place for him even where there is some kind of vigorous activity, work, turbulent life, he often unconsciously in it is turned on and then is surprised to find himself where did not expect to be. For this reason, they need to be careful not to accidentally get involved in some kind of work to which he has no desire to have a relationship. They can be very easy to push, knock out of them the right solution, because people always inspired someone’s power and suddenly finds himself with her ??at the same time. Often they do not take offense to the biting jokes in the address, since they also contain an element of strength, even might take this as a compliment hidden respond to this sarcasm, since in principle the situation means that it is necessary to say something on this. How
- 1 function “Poor” - an object of intuition.
They manage to be in a good mood for any external situation, it may generally be ignored, as it is said thus: “it is - in itself, and I - on its own.” Can know that the situation is bad, it is necessary for something to do, and do nothing. Like vultures look on all side and laugh, even if it can catch them as well. For this, they are often considered to be “cold”, sarcastic. can ignore external opportunities for yourself just because you do not want to strain. It is very deep seated “in itself” and there it is very comfortable, so in order to get out of this shell, need significant outside rein, otherwise he did not even notice. Very often their relationship to the world as something Lowland fallen: “Here I am, this inner harmony, calm, and there is this ideological world where there is a war, people are fighting for “a place under the sun”, masking all under something white and fluffy ?. Can any good work to find the “shadow side” of paint and it was her, “if a person is transferred the money to a charity, then, apparently, wants to advertise itself to do.” Sometimes it is all the same “pull” in the world by force of its cozy “shell”, then it can begin to defend themselves, taking advantage of the outside world, to mask their actions by general expediency. As a result, it becomes a little closer to objective reality.
- 2 the function “Do not” - subjective ethics.
His present relation to something not often expressed only in certain situations. And it is not like the other revelations, especially in relation to itself, outside of those same situations. They usually have their opinion if they slip, it is very veiled. In other situations, they say, it’s nice to listen, teaches in a favorable light. Even if they want sometimes to criticize someone, the cultural, politely, diplomatically. But in some situations, which is considered acceptable for this purpose, of course, his words will not climb. That is my real attitude speaks only when someone strongly “comes on his toes” or when it will not change the attitude to it, there is still at it can be some of his rules for such situations, it is dependent on the individual. If you want to express their attitude to something, it does it “banal”, as they do in principle. If a person for a long time could not find a job for the second function, as in this case - a rarity, so as communication is always there, it can start to criticize others, to express their real attitude to something, usually with a minus sign. Thus, there is an alignment of subjective and objective realities and can again to “create” in the sphere of relations, as they come in the end to the “common denominator.”
- 3 function “Problem Solving” - Object logic.
He always handy notebook with phones of all professionals in any field, which may be useful if there are any with the logic of the objective world problems. Also, if something is not clear, it is very helpful is to look in a textbook, encyclopedia, in which all will be written, and it is easier to understand all this. He often carries a handbooks, instructions, but climbs in them, unfortunately, only when problems arise. And while they are not there, he can easily make some mistake. For example, can the car do something wrong just because that something was not well understood until the beginning of the “act up” something. Sometimes it can work on pre-emption, “Collect” different ways of solving various potential problems and the objective world at the right time to share it with someone else, so you do not strain. However, it is difficult to foresee all.
- 4 function “do not want to, I’m afraid” - the subjective sensation.
He was very afraid to be ill, infection, wash your hands “every five minutes”. He does not like to be in health care facilities for treatment. In general, everything connected with his personal physiological sensations he does not like to discuss, and it scared other such revelations. If you feel bad, then He prefers to “endure”, rather than somewhere else to go for help. On his physiological feelings does not like to tell: tasty - not tasty, convenient - it is not convenient. Most will say what that from it want to hear in a given situation. At the same time, if it is in an uncomfortable situation and can not leave it, it can start to talk on these topics. As a result, someone “picks” and He says something like, “it is necessary to harden, strengthen yourself, engage in sports, to become strong, then the match will not.” Location once it becomes comfortable.
Summary description:
Irrationals, which means inner unpredictability (constancy in unpredictability), windy, and vice versa symptoms very standard: clothing, work, “product”. The first function is associated with improbable events that can be considered as a negative factor, as well as a greater degree of its internal exaltation and unpredictability. The second function of a highly probable events that can be considered as a negative factor because of its still larger than the standard as the main “product”. All together, this has the effect of complexity interfacing with ambient reality: great exaltation and unpredictable at the same time their main “Product” - too regular, so this circle “in bulk.” The introverted type, which means that he perceives himself to be something separate from the outside world, not something included in it. To itself it seems confusing and complicated, so - quite secretive, he does not like to talk about itself some details. I am pleased to learn their inner world, and the surrounding it seems simple and straightforward, so he knows how to safely manipulate it, can take a “command” for themselves. Dominant needs associated with features aimed at the outside world. This means that it is essential to be in a favorable environment, it is difficult to adapt to the aggressive environment for his health (the tendency to phlegmatic temperament - balanced, stationary). It knows how to do, as the dominant need is for the second function, but does not have an active lifestyle because of the subdominant in the first. Self-evaluation is not associated with the dominant needs, so it can drop suddenly be enough for him. Living in a stream of high-quality information, which means the ability to see well the right direction, but to benefit from it are not always due to the inability to work on it. It is very useful to find an assistant who can work, which would have helped him to achieve the desired objectives.
Type signs:
principle (self-confidence zone), compromise (confidence zone), understanding (experience zone), a strong-willed (corruption zone).
Keys to success:
safe financial status and location, understanding of the world and mutual understanding with the people, ideological and principled world, the demand for his ability to “build bridges” and friends.
Vocational guidance:
sales management products, psychology, senior, school teacher, salesman of any goods and services, the actor entertainment, art, idelog.
EIE (Hamlet)
¶
1 function “good” - the object of ethics. “I was impossible not to love!”
Lives external relations between people, other people’s emotions and feelings, knows how to please others, to create a positive atmosphere. Conservative in estimates of how someone who belongs to, including him, if only this ratio did not change - it can cause irritation in it, and the fact that someone does not agree with him on this. Strongly rejects those who treat them badly or general acts from base motives, they are for it - like a red rag to a bull. Affectionate to people, he sure is cute. It knows how to appreciate people. Relationship perceived as permanent and if the person has changed, they are never in it do not believe, as the relationship for them - a zone of conservatism. “Good” should be “good” and “bad” - “bad.” If they begin to behave on the contrary - it is an irritant. Therefore, do not want to believe in a change in the situation with regard to “to last “until the facts are already outrageous, and it can easily be said, say that to blame someone else. Never deliberately aggravates relations. Stable multiple personal relationships, communication organize the foundation of his personality. It can not be one, because if there is no relationship with someone, if anyone is not needed, and I was not there. The world community should be a good, kind, loving and caring. Sometimes it can look for a place among the religious sects, as it is preached by the principle of “everyone should love everyone.” If you can not win the feelings of others, it provokes in him an inner irritation, inferiority complex. They are the zealots such thing as behavioral norms, so that people in certain situations, to demonstrate compliance with this situation, the feelings, deviation from which they can be annoying. They need public. Any situation - is primarily a set of relations. The first function of the third: to be successful in the private sphere, or is a double blow to both functions, aimed at himself and a lot of stress.
2 function “It is necessary to” - subjective intuition. “My ideals and principles safely carry to the masses.”
They like to be self-contradictory people “dig” in them, create in them an internal harmony, mood. They make excellent actors, as they are able and like to “get used” to the image of a person from the inside, and to “play a role” on his face. Able to understand the essence of complex internal situation - potentially good analysts. Often it is difficult to find employment, as their “product” - This inner human conflicts, and to penetrate so far, “the soul” of a person, you need to have permission. So often sensitive and vulnerable, just to harmonize ourselves again, “it is no longer necessary to nobody”, and sometimes even start to like torture and istezat yourself, dig into their sores. The reason - the difficulty to find adequate application in the world for its creative function, since it is not very much in demand, because not every let anyone dig into its own internal problems. Their product - bold ideas, principles, belief systems and knowledge that they bring to the world, are promoting. But do it beautifully, creatively, “fine”, not imposing them, and promoting interesting. Engaged in search internally contradictory situations, like to understand them. Unable to find a use, often implemented in art, since it is also a good way to use the function. Able to go to different internal psychological states. A good speaker, as is able to act positively on the internal state of the others in terms of harmony. Their product - it is the integrity of the internal situation, can therefore be implemented successfully and in psychology, because it means that they - healers of souls. In life, they like to dramatize everything, the slightest change in your mood or the internal state necessarily heard before all around. Usually they are very fond of “inflate out of molehills”, for them it is - a way to find a job on the second function, the more they “fall out” - the greater the realization of the individual in the world. The second function of the third: “to be or not to be? That is the question”. The second function of the first and fourth: can try to induce sympathy with stories about his mental anguish, complaining that his frustrating misunderstanding something.
3 function “Problems” - object sensation. “That would be me to take the first prize in the competition to identify the strongest man in the world!”
The most important thing in life to be rich, powerful, beautiful, successful, skilful. Take it as a challenge and this depends on his self-esteem, so it is very much worried about it. If something does not add up - it takes on the character of the disaster. Often loves to dress up bright, catchy, provocative, as a way to challenge others, to prove her beauty and success. Ruin, old age, social failure, ugliness in terms of social standards for a man sometimes can become a reason for suicide. In the protection of self-esteem in the negative - may cease contrary to monitor the appearance, go unkempt. In general, they tend to believe that the profession needed to go on time, so as not to disgrace. Be careful not to look weak and loved to show himself brave, strong, why can often, for instance, engage in martial arts, “the show” to learn some dangerous stunts and wherever possible, to show them, as well as sports. Man needs to be constantly taking new heights and that, oddly enough, their weak point. Sometimes, if everything went smoothly in their lives at some point can drop everything and go to another city, to “start over”, thus improve self-esteem. Very strongly socially determined, if someone needs something - then automatically it becomes necessary for some reason, and to him and he starts to try to get it by any means. The fact that the best way is for him and lies close, only to reach out enough, it is usually not just wondering if it is not necessary to win. Hence it may be similar problems in personal relationships, constantly turning the race for the unattainable. And as soon as it becomes achievable, and all interest is lost, the paradox. To be able to overcome everything and win - the main motive of their activity. The worst thing for them - play, which means shame. Because of this, they do not like to get involved in those businesses that are too difficult to win. After all, the third function can be no risk: usually raises difficult, even very difficult task, but doable and achievable. Most often they are associated with existing skills rather than developing new ones. They need social success, universal recognition of their victory. Sometimes it can be tricky to come up with ways to improve self-esteem: suddenly ill, then treated hard, recover and take it as his own achievement, victory.
4 function “I want to” - subjective logic. “The keys can not be found where they are hidden and where the lighter and more clear to me where they could get there.”
Man consciously looking for a place where everything is clear and it avoids those where something remains unclear, complicated, first of all from the point of view of common sense. It needs people who are able to clearly explain complex things, often tied to them for that reason. If you tell him that something would be difficult to understand that he will not try to figure it out, just run away. If you say it’s easy, and it’s clear it will be easy, because it is inspired by this. Very instill an understanding of other people and in general any logic, therefore, can easily believe in the strangest and unrealistic things, them it is easy to convince. They love to go to learn, but those courses where in detail and clearly, all meticulously explained. Lectures, which just give the terms and facts, they fear, because each of them has to be meticulously explained to them first. There may be deceived by fraudsters because of the suggestibility of their logic, it is necessary to remember it always. Someone must constantly explain to them that everything is simple and clear, then seat it will sound good. If you leave a situation where it is unclear that it is impossible, you can pretend to be a fool, or to pretend that it’s not interesting, boring. Angry at the people who know but refuse to explain what is not clear to him, he said that they thus scoff at him. The best habitat - primarily on 100% understandable and predictable.
- 1 function “Poor” - subjective ethics.
The proper attitude toward someone or something man completely ignored. Instead, it is subjected social suggestion. If all say that something “good”, and that something “bad”, then he will think and say the same thing, even if it is fundamentally not true. In addition, he never expressed his true relationship to anything aloud, he believes this is a very personal and highly intimate affair about which to say it should not. Instead lives external relations between people. If it is forced to do so, it behaves as a “much in the pan”, as it may be turned out to not look bad in the eyes of others. Maybe even especially to convince himself that he fully agreed with the opinion of the others, even if it is frankly wrong. This makes it a little disingenuous: he can not ignore the existing problems instead “to sing the tune of the” majority. When decision in any society, it needs to change its attitude towards someone or something, it does it without thinking. Moreover, sometimes it can be ignored and their feelings. If the person who is liked, is a popular figure in the community, you can not this feeling just give value to calculate the feeling something unworthy of himself. Sometimes even your attitude towards someone just playing. In the situation when the first feature may not function properly, it can sometimes include this feature. For example, when he is forced to fend off attacks on themselves, then we can begin to openly rude, to say that someone is thinking about really. In this way, there is a merging themselves with the outside world, and further problems once solved, as it becomes the view heard and have nothing to hide, it is possible to act “in the open”, not hiding “behind a fig.”
- 2 the function “Do not” - an object of intuition.
Outside balanced and predictable world - not his world. He loves spontaneity appearance schedule - only in general terms, mostly associated with the work. After that, everything can and must go “as he likes his left leg.” He was not very interesting to be in a world where all too well and predictably, it is necessary once there to sow intrigue, to make everyone to move, to act, that started some action. If it will have to take on a negative role - then so be it, but it’s still better than if all drown in the swamp with a predictable end of a fairy tale from the category of “and they lived a long life and died in one day.” Usually I like to find a profession where one has not very much to strictly follow some daily routine, schedule or just likes to frequently change it. However, in certain situations, of course, it is necessary to strictly follow it, but it is - only in special cases. This can be a job or military service, and may still be a need to create a peaceful external environment for those he loves. It all depends on what he puts into it is the concept of “normal”. They obey hard, but still need sometimes. All the rest of the time should take place in “free flight”. However, in a situation of prolonged stress and the inability to be realized in the world for the second function, the inversion can occur - the displacement minus the second function of the second. Then he begins to constantly criticize the world around and its foundations. The result is those can be as uncomfortable to live in it, and it would be useful to help establish the integrity of the internal situation, spiritual harmony as a result. Thus, it is to work.
- 3 function “Solving Problems” - the subjective sensation.
To be able to a lot of things in life and to achieve - you need to have an iron health. Therefore, if ill, then immediately stored “kilos” of drugs. Start to really monitor their health only if often ill, while avoiding harmful habits, running in the morning. It may begin to harden, to be examined at the hospital, to monitor the utility power, but it is only in this case. In all the other can run their health, not to engage in sports.
- 4 function “do not want to, I’m afraid” - the logic of the object.
Afraid of the objective world factors. For example, you need to pass on the right, but is afraid to get behind the wheel, because he knows that it is difficult: you have to watch the road, to know and apply the rules and on time to switch the pedal and transmission. Therefore, most likely it will think that it is necessary to “pass on the right” to do anything without doing. In the house they “anarchy” may prevail for the same reason. After all, to make repairs, clean house, throw out all superfluous - it is necessary at least a little, but to work for fear zone. And this would not be desirable, therefore, it lays it all a very long time, until there will be nothing to breathe. Only then will have to “clean up the balcony”, put all trash in places or throw. He was scared to begin to implement their plans and ideas. After all, he was immediately intrudes into the territory of fears. Therefore, most of it and will reflect on the theme of “to be or not to be” than actually make a decision to do something, to change. He does not like it when he just tell the facts, without explaining what they mean. Better then not to speak, because it scares him. The doctor came and said that he had herpes, ordered to smear green paint and then ran away, without explaining anything. Serious situation: What if this terrible disease? And I do not even understand it. If in some place it all seems confusing and impossible to escape from there, sometimes this function is activated. Then he begins to talk about topics that he knows for sure: to say that the earth revolves around the sun, and if someone picks it, explain it, and why it is happening. In this way, matter of understanding will be removed and the location will become yet more comfortable.
Summary description:
Rational, which means the internal predictability and consistency. External manifestation of the contrary is very unusual: clothing, work, “product”. The first function of a highly events, which makes it even more conservative and may be considered as a negative factor. The main “product” is connected with the improbable events that can be considered as a negative factor due to its even more non-standard. All together, this gives a very powerful contrast: the internal and external conservative exaltation. Because of this, it can have serious problems of misunderstanding with the outside world: both in life and in the work that it is extremely important to bear in mind. Extraverted type, it means that he sees himself part of the world, not something out of it isolated. To itself it seems clear and simple, so do not hesitate to tell something about themselves and the world around him seems to be complicated, difficult to understand, so he does not know how to manipulate, distribute commands instead with interest studying it. Dominant requirements relate to functions focused on themselves and not on the surrounding world. This allows him easy enough to move from place to place, migrate, adapt to changes in the outside world (the tendency to sanguine temperament - balanced, agile). It also adds to it an element of self-confidence. The active position in life due to the fact that the dominant need is on the first function. Not very active in the work due to the fact that the subdominant need - in the second. Living in a stream of high-quality information, which means the ability to see well the right direction, but to benefit from it are not always due to the inability to work on it. It is very useful to find an assistant who can work, who would help him to achieve the desired objectives.
Type signs:
compromise (self-confidence zone), the principal (the zone of confidence), a strong-willed (Area experiences), understanding (the corruption of the zone).
Keys to success:
clarity all around at the location, the achievement of wealth and social recognition, kind and caring world, the demand for his ability to see and solve the internal conflicts of other people or his ideas and principles.
Vocational guidance:
artist, psychology, arts, analyst, ideologist, personnel manager, designer, politician, children trainer.
LSI (Maxim Gorky)
¶
1 function “Good” - subjective logic. “I know all the best!”
It is very affectionate to his understanding of anything, his thinking, his logic, concepts, confident and conservative in this, convince impossible to “live” this does not necessarily sharing it with others. If you do not converge with the facts, sometimes even “the worse for the facts.” Trying to criticize it causes irritation in it. Is able to reason logically, but does not like to defend his vision of the situation: “Who knew - he knew the rest is not given”, so often surrounds himself with the concept of “my school” - those who accept his logic judgment and will not go to criticize. It is very hard for a long time changing its logical conclusions: Time needed for error judgment. He likes to get away with the way he understands it. If this can not be achieved - there is irritation. Therefore, they can only persuade weighty arguments, and the new information it receives is often skeptical, if he is not sure of this: you need to all carefully weighed before saying “yes.” His thinking is fundamental, thorough, something that can be “lean” in which case, so there should be no risk of them and difficult to demand that someone’s thoughts instantly approves. In general, try to understand everything first, and only then take for yourself. If something can not understand the development of the material it is more difficult because it is difficult to accept for themselves. So often is a very long time to learn something before you use, even if the question is very simple. The first function of the third: meaning that all the terms of his understanding right and principled, consistent in this his vision. If it turns out that this is not the case, then there is a “double blow” to himself.
2 function “must” - object sensation. “I am strong and I would be interested to fight with you.”
Creative and creative handling of power, money, different skills. Ideal coaches who know how to make others stronger than enough original techniques and instill some skills. His strength - flexible, sophisticated, trying to be relevant. Able to work effectively and quickly, sometimes doing several things at once, great financiers, the truth may be too risky in some way, so they can prosper and ruined several times for life. Compete love, in contrast to the first function, which is important primarily in the process, and not necessarily as a result - the first place immediately. Second they also arrange (as there is for which further work). “Extreme” is often like. If you can not be realized with this function, sometimes consciously fall into a very deep financial or physical “pit”, then to carefully selected from it. Often become good athletes, they are able to go to win it creatively and professionally. Actually a lot of things can, can turn poverty into wealth elsewhere, well manipulated by people external data. Often it is very useful to invite him to some business, since he just knows how to do something so that it will produce real income. It has the art of possession by force when necessary - just “tighten the screws” for the good of the cause, when it is necessary - on the contrary weaken. Able to work with groups from these positions: to create the necessary balance of freedom and control for a particular situation. Therefore, there are good teachers from the viewpoint that children grow up at the same time not spoiled, and not clogged: where it is possible to encourage, and in some cases may “poprizhat” little, if “the cause.” If he takes to train someone to something, it is often this turns out excellent results. Therefore, also often - Parents are outstanding athletes who started their cooking from an early age. If you long to accumulated negative on the value function, the output is obtained with the second function, so it is very dangerous especially anger, provoke. It can be long enough to accumulate a grudge, do not give it value as a function of trying to be adequate to the outside world, “a good product”, but at some point, “cup” overflows and it may cease to control anything: It is the output of aggression, so that man can not understand himself, he did, and then - the consequences. Therefore, it is imperative somewhere physically discharged: sport, hobby, boxing pear at the worst. Well, it is better to allow negativity to go, and not accumulate till it there will not be much, it would be better for everyone. They know how to create yourself and others some image, work clothes, very creative in this, and creates some of its original canon, rather than chasing fashion and is often successful. If necessary, you are able to save money to live on small amounts of money. Sometimes it is so cunning in financial activities that can make money out of thin air. They love to handle and manipulate forms: collecting stamps, badges, cars, create INTERIOR draw. In childhood can be very loving to play with toy soldiers. Usually they do not like when touched his stuff, as skillful manipulation - their “product” and then you get them as if a competitor. They know how to handle things well, that they served them for many, many years, it is an art of manipulation. The old - also in no hurry to throw away, so how can they still somehow try to use, and then find a job on the second function. The second function of the third, “we must be able to defend their ideals and principles that should be good with his fists.” The second of the first and fourth: can sometimes show you some of his “tricks” to achieve power, ways to make money, sometimes it can tell you how it is appreciated at work for professional qualities and skills.
3 function “Problems” - subjective intuition. “It would not have to change yourself to yourself?”
The zone is a self-integrity of the internal situation, internal harmony, consistency, integrity, ideology, inner peace. To protect the self-esteem they usually just need a little break away from the people in this matter, that they are not planted in him a kind of inner conflict, so the task is almost always cope successfully and actively protect it. From the side, they always seem to be very consistent and principled people. They always think, do and say the same thing, that is, never themselves do not conflict with the same waiting for the rest of someone for this reason that begins to consider them “too right”. Any information taken them only when it does not carry the danger of destroying the internal balance, so it is very stubborn. Never make a deal with its principles. Usually very polite, restrained, closed and hidden, to impress principled, consistent person. The presence of positive self-esteem is ensured by the ideals that may correlate poorly with the surrounding reality, which may cause the actual disregard of reality. Effective in achieving specific goals, but it can do, “ahead”, ignoring the outside world and his opinion. Good feel, when it is reinforced by the situation: profession, implying legitimacy of such actions and the means - protection from the point of view of society. For example: “I - a soldier and just doing my duty service of the motherland”, to be understood “from me bribes smooth.” Often preach idealistic principles, implying priority to ideas, the principle of reality. It knows how to lead the people, since he wants to believe he is not lying, but the truth believe in their ideals. They are important to maintain inner peace, so you need to feel valued correctness of their actions in terms of consistency, ideology. Where the situation is too ambiguous, it will be difficult, but it will try to resolve them through simplification. Basically, series - “good”, unprincipled, inconsistent - “bad.” He does not like those who know how to sow internal contradiction, doubt in his heart. Even if he does something wrong, it’s much more comfortable about it just never know, thus self-esteem will be protected, so most of these people, he simply ignores. For example, can think what they want to hurt him, and because their opinion does not matter. In general, anything that might disturb his inner world - is not taken into account. “May I lose, but it’ll be true to yourself.” Very often, it is more important to them.
4 function of “I want” - the object of ethics. “Prices have a wife and kids, and not go to a neighbor!”
A good place for such a person where it all like, well disposed towards him. If someone says treats him badly (for example, the wife says in her heart: “I hate you”), then takes it literally and tries to immediately get out of there, find a place where e
- 1 function “Poor” - Object logic.
“If the world does not conform to my understanding of it, the facts - so much the worse for the facts.” This position often provokes its isolation in society, since society is accustomed to the fact that a man is justified his expectations and the deviation from this principle may be considered “deviants.” Powerful subjective logic, “the ability to look into the future” to work in the mode most often compensates the desire to ignore the facts. But where might the miscalculation associated with ignoring the facts of objective reality, one is confronted with a real problem, falling into a stupor, as the solution of such problems requires time due to the fact that the first function be unable to rebuild quickly. In life, it looks like this: a man running to the store, because he knows that he was there. And the ten years since closed. He does not like all these external rules, laws, regulations, even the Criminal Code treats as something strange that you can get around easily if you do not agree with him. Hates bureaucracy messing with documents unexpected facts of reality. The best technique for him - one that does not break if it is certainly not an expert on it. After an unexpected failure of a good thing can also be surprising fact of objective reality. We can say that the objective reality of the facts for that person - something that just should not interfere, contrary to his understanding of reality. If a person is talking on the themes object of logic, it is often critical of the laws, standards, the political system, which allows him to still be closer to the objective reality in a sense. If kakoy-to situation feels a threat to the normal operation of the first function: for example, its logic has failed, it may nevertheless start to pick up and retrieve kakie-to facts to protect its future logical constructions, even though it is not easy. Thus, reflecting external aggression to the first function, and eventually calms down. You may also start to pick up the necessary facts to defend their reasoning, for instance, in the dispute, if he knows that you have to “fight back fiercely.” There is some kind of binding to their understanding of reality and of man himself enough whether adopted or not their opponents. Those, in turn, can be brought to the “white heat”, as in this situation a person is not interested in their arguments, he simply defends his first feature.
- 2 the function “Do not” - the subjective sensation.
If ill - bit you go. In other cases, not particularly need to pay attention to this. Well, maybe especially harmful habits to grow still not worth it. Although, if it is not health harms, then why not? They do not fear the disease rather refer to it as to something humdrum. On their taste preferences and physiological does not like to propagate. Convenient - not convenient, tasty - not tasty, how much of a difference? The main thing that was edible, it was possible to sit on this chair, in principle, else - the small stuff. There may be, for example, only some simple rules and requirements for foods: cleanliness, taste normal. No commitment is required to try everything in life: oh, he loves any dish, and it will be there. Maybe try something exotic, but especially for the sake of this in any respect do not want to strain. He does not understand all the talk of discharge, “but this in bed Oh, but this ah” because they do not see this difference in the special dividend for themselves, as well as that one dish a little tastier, more, but can useful. Not particularly fond of talking on all these topics physiological and sensory pleasures diseases. He believes that they must be appropriate, infrequent. Well, someone is sick, then we can talk a little. If there was something “good” - great, but “shoot the breeze” about it on every street corner - a sign of bad taste. Maybe do not really notice, that he was somewhere not very comfortable to be physically. If a person can not find a “job” for the object itself senosoriki for a long time, you can start to work on a subject: he criticizes all this hedonism reigns all around, and it can be found through the “work” for the creative function. For example, think of a way to overcome bad habits of people, to instil in them the skills sport or teach you how to earn more money to all those hedonistic weaknesses. This happens due to the convergence objective and subjective realities. It is also something similar happens when he starts to talk on all these topics, most of all, he does not like gluttons and can laugh at them.
- 3 function “Problem Solving” - an object of intuition.
If the soul “something wrong”, it is very useful to harmonize and external environment: play pleasant music, to create comfort in the apartment, clean up the backlog of cases. Then the soul is easier to calm down, less will worry about something. It may be useful to establish a contact someone, make new friends, make friends with the environment at work, or simply meet up with friends, pobalagurit bit. It may also be useful to see some opportunities that can offer the world and try to use them yet. Unfortunately, doing so only when the soul of “fire”, the remaining time can be all of these questions do not pay attention. But the arsenal of all these tools at your fingertips. If the soul does not matter - calling a friend, offers to meet, “hoot” or is engaged sports, fun little club. Or, finally accepts the proposal, which had not previously I dare take until all was well. Also, if outwardly everything is done correctly it on the intended plan, and less inner experiences in this regard. Often it covers self-esteem it is in the face of personal plans, which considers it his duty to perform. This ensures integrity and consistency of actions, internal consistency. If the external situation destroys inner peace, everything begins its “rebuild” sooner or later. Although the question is hard, painful.
- 4 function “do not want to, I’m afraid” - subjective ethics.
Man afraid to boldly express their attitude towards someone or something. It is difficult to say that there is something he does not like. Instead, most will express their opinion a compromise only if it is very “boiling” or have nowhere to go. Sometimes, however, it can act allusions and jokes, so a little bit easier. The same applies to the personal sphere, to talk about their sympathies to someone can be difficult, scary. If this does occur, then the person perceives it is always very painful, especially if you can not find mutual understanding. Usually he hopes that people will be sensitive to each other, will be able to catch the hints on the subject of who and what I do not like, or vice versa, what someone wants. Feel free to say, “I want to,” he does not know how much more he would say, “Well, you can”, “would not mind”, and maybe it does not say if the great fear. If some place and the situation is not comfortable with the point of view of the fourth function, but you can not leave it, then the person can start working on the minus fourth. Something similar may occur in unfamiliar, unusual situations. Suddenly, and for himself, he begins to “issue” the relation to something: that the “good” that “Bad”, interested in the problems of other people trying to take part in them, to help somehow, be sensitive and responsive until it receives a positive assessment of the response. Then turn on the fourth and again you can start to work hard to please everyone.
Summary description:
Rational, which means the internal predictability and consistency. External manifestation contrary very unusual: clothing, work, “product”. However, in the unlikely event a landmark for the main functions makes it a little less than the standard, which can be considered a positive factor. But the production of a highly probable event, which makes it slightly less exalted, that can also be considered a positive factor. The introverted type, which means that he perceives himself to be something separate from the outside world, not something included in it. To itself it seems confusing and complicated, so - quite secretive, he does not like to talk about itself some details. I am pleased to learn their inner world, and the surrounding seems to him simple and intuitive, so he knows how to safely manipulate it, can take a “command” for themselves. Dominant needs associated with features aimed at the outside world. It means that health it is very important to be in a favorable environment, it is difficult to adapt to hostile environments (tendency to phlegmatic temperament - balanced, stationary). It knows how to do, as the dominant need is for the second function, but does not have an active lifestyle because of the subdominant in the first. Self-evaluation is not associated with the dominant needs, so it can drop suddenly be enough for him. Living in the stream of quantitative information, which means the ability to work well, but not always with good efficiency. He can not see what is going in the wrong direction, to do something for nothing. To improve the quality of his actions need someone who will guide him in the right “direction” to give external benchmarks.
Type signs:
understanding (self-confidence zone), a strong-willed (confidence zone), principal (Area experiences), compromise (corruption zone).
Keys to success:
the sympathy of others in the location, internal harmony and consistency, ideology and the sequence of actions, a clear and adequate to his ideas the world, the need for its ability to achieve the strength and financial health.
Vocational guidance:
athlete, trainer, financier, the ideologue, businessman, power structures, fashion, artist, designer, instructor, art.
SEE (Napoleon)
¶
1 function “Good” - an object sensing. “I - the most powerful man in the world, rookie.”
It is very self-confident in their own abilities, he believes that can do everything. Often the impression voluntarist: I think it’s right, then it should be good for everyone. It produces an impression of a strong man, he seemed to always have enough space around, “like a bull in a china shop.” If he is physically strong, that despises “wimps”, if the opposite is weak, then all athletes - “redneck”. Often good handle money, but these issues are either too conservative or too cocky. Life is perceived through the prism of power “who is who”. In order to be heard by them, you need to force yourself to respect in any way. Any weakness of man perceived as a disadvantage, so often they can use it, not seeing anything wrong. Always do something, developing skills. Usually, their strength is visible to the naked eye, but it lacks flexibility, rather it is something monumental and conservative. Always try to be just the first in any case, if this does not work, something very angry. If their strength and ability to question, it should also be a flash of aggression. Potentially - excellent athletes, but a constant re-evaluation of their own forces is fraught with injuries. Preaches the cult of power and skill, confident in their external data. It asserts its exclusivity, uniqueness. He does not consider it necessary to get someone on the approval of this or that act, and the decision is made ??by a very arrogant. Do not hesitate to use force anywhere. Angry, annoyed, if someone it “contradict” and is externally visible. Sometimes, at first irritated, and only then is able to understand something of what was said to him, since the function irratsiaonalna, that is not connected with thinking. Listen to the opinion of the other side of the slope only when something could not be done by yourself or if it is necessary to use the explicit authority in his eyes, respect to you, he listened. He loves extreme situations as a way to prove to himself that he was living there. In addition, because it is easier to receive from society the right to approve their actions. First, to do something, and only then They can understand what they have done. A man of action, act. Inclined to force the philosophy of chanting, independent coping, victory at all costs, “could bear to fill up - a man.” Representatives of the opposite sex prefer to win, to take as a fortress strongest storm. And, always sure that everything here depends only on himself, his strength, capabilities. Hence - the extremely irritating when realizing that it was not possible to achieve the goal. The weak point man - the inability to understand that not everything in life depends on him alone. Therefore, if a person does not achieve success in life, then it becomes very irritable, because at heart considers himself a loser. I am confident that looks and dress well. He was hard to be in a situation where nothing can be done to change, to be in “limbo”, just wait for the right moment for action, not “touch off” all at once. They are constantly accompanied by a restless activity, workaholism. Not a minute without any action, which means that sometimes the inability to stop and think. If the air hangs a pause, it required some action. If they say something, it immediately sounds problematic action. The first function of the third: the quarry is very important, does not matter in what sphere. If it does not, it means serious problems with itself, the internal imbalance.
2 function “It is necessary to” - subjective ethics. “I know how to love dearly and will be happy to find someone who knows how it’s even harder.”
Always convey to others their attitude to him, constantly manipulated by their attitude to others. See his destiny in hand their own assessments everything that surrounds them: what is good, what is bad. Sometimes it can change sympathy / antipathy several times a day, very amorous and fickle in this. Seeking a place where interested in his opinions on any subject. It is best to find themselves as artistic director since its assessment is uniquely accepted and people approve of what he requires from them. In it, too, is entitled to receiving a head, but the approval of others, in this case is considerably less. He himself refers to his estimates as “working time”, something everyday and constant: first praise someone, then scolded, he praised again. Not being in a similar position - it looks less adequately, so often it is this is one of the incentives that they become and thus safely “sell” products, demand for which is very small in the society. Usually - none at all, as those of all criticizes, often no one likes. It is often perceived as the one who comes “with its charter in another monastery.” Just look and everything begins to evaluate, “this is good, this is bad,” “like, but it is somehow not.” It is interesting to be in a conflict situation, and if all is well, it may even provoke it, as if he has a job: to evaluate. Such people often win the sympathy of his involvement in the problems of others: they are aware of them, interested in them, can adjust to the interlocutor in this capacity, in order to better get in touch with him. Therefore one often make good policy. Their advantage - the ability to play on voters’ requests to know exactly what they want. Their relations are seldom reliable, since it is very volatile today like tomorrow - I do not like, then - love again. Even hate them - something that is quite easily one can become love. For them, the feelings - it’s just an interesting game. They know the value of the whole, so it is still fun to be assessors, tasters. Occasionally when a representative of the opposite sex, they leave without their assessment. Their assessments often serve as a moralizing, but very strange, because it is good today, and tomorrow - is bad and vice versa. Sometimes the situation forces to hide their assessment of “the opinions of others.” For example, they can use this technique, “say …”. If clarify who is saying what, it turns out that it is so cleverly hiding their opinion. The second function of the third: “to be a good specialist, it is necessary to study a lot, like me.” The second of the first and fourth: can sometimes express aloud his opinion on someone’s willpower and desire to find the soul of people.
3 function “Problems” - the logic of the object. “How I would like to receive an invitation to the TV show” What? Where? When? “And win!”
Knowledge for the individual is paramount, supremacy factor:. “If something I do not know, I - bad” Therefore, they often say they know something, really do not know (often in the hope that it will learn later, and no one would guess that they do not really know). Or another option, while protecting the minus - sometimes you can hear more from them: “Oh, and I do not know, I’m so ashamed.” It is also important for them to have some kind of a piece of its territory, where they have the opportunity to be in charge. They love to learn, since the acquired knowledge increases their self-esteem. Nothing pleases them do not like the resulting five on any subject. Very attentive to the objective reality: the violation of the planned order of things causing it stress. He loves to reinforce their knowledge of reference to an authoritative source, statistics, facts. But do not know how to analyze them in terms of understanding. His vocation - the keeper of the scientific knowledge. Can not stand the chaos of information that did not really clear. Therefore, usually, in such situations, it easy “which we have the real facts? Here, let’s take them to and repelled. ” “If there is order in my world - I’m good, if not - then I’m bad.” Have a property to idealize their “objective” picture of the world, authorities. That is, treat it as what it really is, even if you are wrong and all their facts “fried”. Often become adepts of something, some kind of “order of things” and is widely implemented. Becoming a supervisor, usually planted on the ground it is “their” people who take their “order of things” and actions. It is very important notion: “I - master, master in my territory.” Even it does not matter what her size: a room or an entire state, as long as it was accepted by all. Sometimes this results in a comic form: guard some area that feels entitled to decide whether or not to let you somewhere just on a whim. In private life this sometimes means greater demands on elected representatives: it is necessary fully to take all their external actions, but it is also only possible to a certain extent. Therefore, they often realize that the search for the ideal, in principle, not possible. Violation of the order of things by any of the subordinates for them - a serious offense, too late - then destroyed his order. If he is not the boss - then it is important to know exactly what its terms of reference, or can not take someone else’s “order of things.” They love to command, if there is such a possibility: close, subordinates: Despite how far it extends the concept of “my territory.”
4 function “I want to” - subjective intuition. “Prove to me that I am principled and harmonious, and I - your forever, pack and take to his home.”
Choose a place of stay, where do not experience internal discomfort, conflict with itself, where his ideas and principles are shared, and without any explanation. If this can not be achieved, then just change it. They like people who know how to raise them up, to create harmony in the soul, “and sing-ka gypsy so that at heart I felt good, good.” Strangers are taught good mood They do not like to be close to those who have it worse. Often alcohol is used as a means to “fill the soul” that is potentially fraught with alcoholism, and the person can be sure that so do all. Their main requirement for the location, not to cause controversy with their ideals and principles. If this is not the situation, then he leaves, saying that “it is - not my world, it is not interesting to me.” There can be anywhere when the external situation “hurts the soul” it causes some “itching”. If the place comfortable, then it automatically “all its” as the default share his beliefs, and from then on there are prerequisites in order to do what it sees fit. Therefore, love, to be clearly received “with all the cockroaches”, creating a microcosm of “their”, which accept each other’s shortcomings and live with it. Hence the attitude toward this world and the people inhabiting it, as his clan and himself are marketed as a “godfather.” Existing in this world, he has already It contrasted with the “other”, who do not share its principles. Man is aware of the need to maintain harmony within the host, but it is up to the task rarely consults, as it constantly pushes somewhere. To retain her he needed a man who would be his intervention in time to extinguish the “flash”, destroying it, something like: “Well, what are you so wound up, then? It’s okay, all right. ” Poor predictable in their behavior because of that, you never know what kind of mood will be a man today, and that it will work for this reason.
- 1 function “Poor” - the subjective sensation.
Health issues in his area are ignoring. Can not completely aware of this component of the organism and passing others. Work can not rest, have a “bouquet” neglected diseases, but absolutely not to attach any importance to this. Speaking on the topic sores considers a sign of weakness. The best way to be healthy - in sports, in a pinch, you can just take a pill some. It may grow into bad habits just because he does not see anything wrong in them. Well, I drink in the morning to head ache - sober. The food is not fussy and not fussy. All hearty - and it is good. Ridiculed hedonism others. When the first protection function, when it can not function normally, undergoes powerful criticism may also, in response to criticize other people’s physiological weakness, disease, fear. As a result, his claim to the world more softened, as he begins to see “the other side of the coin”: not so severely he demands from others and asceticism becomes better understood by others. Although, at heart, he, of course, like everyone likes to eat. But this - his secret secret that bears the status of “forbidden fruit”. So, can often be specially ordered some tasty dish under some false pretext, for example, supposedly for kids, but he sits there and “eats” it “for both cheeks” for the company with them.
- 2 the function “Do not” - object ethics.
External relations for them - something not very much and not always associated with internal. For example, being married, often can easily meet someone else, not seeing it as something bad. barely appearing in some companies may begin to pretend to be treated the same as all the rest of its members. Often this behavior may irritate people. In certain situations, it is still in compliance with any rules of external relations, but all of these cases - rare and strictly prescribed. For example - a funeral is not fun, it may be in relation to the employer must be some scope permitted behavior, or it may even be similar cases it was his understanding of these standards. In all other cases it is simply grossly ignored. If all go on holiday to have fun - you can create a scandal, and when all upset - you can start to behave provocatively. Faux Pas - often their business card, with the exception of some cases which it builds in such a thing as a norm, then he himself will not tolerate violations. But what exactly it involves a particular person - depends on it, so This is all you need to keep in mind, taking into account this factor. If the object speaks on topics of ethics, it is usually negative. For example, something like: “Me, too little family”, “friends - do not spill water.” The inversion of the situation is also beginning to criticize even stronger external relationships between people, and eventually begin to see them as still some sense, even remotely, as yet little start to analyze them. This makes it possible somehow, but to get closer to people, and then they can once again giving away their work for assessment as the second function.
- 3 function “Problem Solving” - subjective logic.
To know and understand well in this - very useful in this insight, to understand, to explore the inside. Otherwise there is a risk of superficiality existing knowledge, especially if it is - your main specialty. They can strike at any moment. This may love to study, go to classes, hire tutors, even if already somehow good command of the question. Also, try to find people who are well versed in a certain matter, understand the nuances. This allows you to structure all the information available to them, but they do it all when knowledge do not give them the desired result. At other times, it is currently satisfied with the fact that they possess this knowledge.
- 4 function “do not want to, I’m afraid” - an object of intuition.
They do not like it when everything is too good harmony in the external world. It is necessary to create a conflict at once, destroy it, inflame passions, to prove that this world - it’s just an illusion, but in fact it is not so good. Full recognition as the future scares him, so it can “buck” and create a breach in the integrity of the external situation, destroying it quiet for the presence of such a threat to themselves. But now I wonder if he thinks. And also can be in the “extreme” condition, adrenaline, to take decisions that will determine the future of all in your hands. Immediately he feels that he is living. A whole world of harmony - is not the world, but just a swamp. Some with them together is difficult not to live, but even the rest: all tuned to the positive, come to have fun and Suddenly some passion-cheeky, “concerts” and “one-man show.” And the thing that scares them the whole external positive and harmony. We need them necessarily enemies, problems, chaos of the outside world, then life has meaning. Also, they do not believe the unexpected beneficial suggestions are afraid of them - looking at this once some kind of trick. They say, free cheese is only in a mousetrap. They can often change jobs, so it was not too predictable in their lives. However, sometimes, in the case of the inability to find a comfortable location to subjective intuition, can start to talk on the theme of harmony of the outside world. For example, it would be nice to play music, to create a relaxing environment. As a result, if it’s all done, it calms him down and inside, the place becomes comfortable. Reception can be remembered and thus can sometimes act “on the pre-emption” is described in such a concept as “Role” function in popular socionics.
Summary description:
Irrationals, which means inner unpredictability (constancy in unpredictability), windy, and vice versa symptoms very standard: clothing, work, “product”. The first function is associated with a highly probable event, which somewhat reduces its degree of unpredictability and can be considered a positive factor. The main “product” is also associated with highly probable events and this is a negative factor because of its still larger than the standard. Extraverted type, it means that he sees himself part of the world, not something out of it isolated. To itself it seems clear and simple, so do not hesitate to tell something about themselves and the world around him seems to be complicated, difficult to understand, so he does not know how to manipulate, distribute commands instead with interest studying it. Dominant needs associated with the leading features: superficially gives the impression of “Daisy”, an active person: a minute without work, externally - often, like “blood and milk” (the tendency to choleric temperament - unbalanced, movable). But self-esteem always decreases suddenly, as she and weak functions generally associated with subdominant needs. Living in the flow of both quantitative and qualitative information, which means the ability to maneuver well in her stream: to know where to go and act effectively.
Type signs:
volitional (self-confidence zone), Frank (confidence zone), right (Area experiences), the principal (the corruption of the zone).
Keys to success:
location among like-minded people, the development of knowledge and recognition of the primacy of the territory, a strong status and the world, in its assessment of the demand on the part of the world.
Vocational guidance:
educator, engineering science, politics, librarian, artistic director, director, taster, assessor, lecturer, critic, judge, referee, art, official.
ILI (Balzac)
¶
1 function “Good” - subjective intuition. “My ideas and principles - your sacred duty.”
He considers himself very ideological, consistent, principled, very conservative in this, his annoy those who criticize his ideas. He lives the integrity of the internal situation. Often able to see “through” the inner essence of anything or anyone. Ideological romantic and an idealist. He lives his inner harmony, tranquility, serenity, is able to draw inspiration in itself, it can also irritate those who like it is trying to disrupt. Generally does not love those who love him “to climb into the soul”, it is very annoying, and angry. It strives to be inwardly calm in all situations, internally consistent. “Tecuci like a river”: adapt spontaneously to communicate at the source, taking the form of consciousness, which is the most good for the situation. And it thus plays a role, but simply has many faces as well has its internal integrity. That is, it just makes a version of himself. Communicating with you, he always feels your mood, if they live together with you, adapts to it. He likes to dive himself in meditation. In case of failure can make a quality introspection. While in some place - if off of it, and is trying to become invisible in its chameleon-like, especially if it perceives as a threat to their domestic tranquility: for example, in the workplace, so that no one bothered. Maybe even specifically hide it any tricky way: make a barricade of folders so that because of them it was not visible. Dislikes hectic, disharmonious people internally, as this condition can be transmitted to it, sometimes forced to flee from them. Especially funny looks sometimes in a situation where a representative of this type of male sex runs from the ladies, and they pursued him as prey, because they feel that it has something to them so severely lacking: the internal harmony. But it is - not a product, and the subject of domestic consumption, so to share with someone, he can only be with a very narrow number of people, but Sometimes someone might snatch a piece that it is usually very angry. Often, especially in the family, it becomes a critic, as deviate someone from his principles makes him aggressive. If in another situation, he still somehow restrains himself, the house could explode tantrums about it. The first function of the third: refers to the need for a harmonious personal life, otherwise suffer both at the same function, aimed at himself.
2 function “must” - the logic of the object. “I know many things and is willing to prove it, if I’m wrong - is to find out what exactly is wrong, and then I’ll know for sure.”
Very skillful with knowledge, facts, creatively, the perfect speaker, able to give instructions: for example, to teach the skills of the car unit. He knows how good, creative and original way to manipulate external objects that need to go there you can climb, dig, make out - to collect. Many members of these types of childhood are very fond of the designers. Repair complex everyday objects - their favorite hobby, because this requires active work on the logic of the object. If you can not be implemented for this function - can deliberately break things, then to fix them. They can use some items are not for its intended purpose: the microscope as a way to hammer nails. It is ideal for professionals upgrading anything, especially in the physical sense, notices laws of the objective world, is able to fix them well and use. Sometimes you may find a place specially used in places where the need for objective knowledge, far from civilization, and there he has the opportunity to show off knowledge, skill. Well versed in the now-existing laws, orders, their advantages and disadvantages, skillfully maneuvering in them. If ingested in the tub
3 function “Problems” - subjective ethics. “That would not fall into a goat!”
It is important to be good to people around them somewhere, someone to love. If someone they do not like - that means drop their self-esteem. “I bad if I did not love. ” They have two ways out of the situation: either the Buddhist path - to recognize that the world is imperfect and love him the way he is with the people, or come up with your ideal lover and love her, and in the world beyond simple ratios without strong feelings. All other options imply a strong self-esteem issues, as in the case of the idealization of people close to him, sooner or later, have to deal with their shortcomings. A deidealizatsiya means each time the strongest negative and falling self-esteem. They need to be able to talk all about his attitude to something, talk about love, they do. The idealization of the world - their main problem. They need to have the permission of the fact, to express their attitude to anything frankly. So often they choose well they understand the existence of an environment having contact only with her ??because there certainly can say what you think. He likes to tell the truth and hopes that it will be perceived adequately, even if it is someone that hurt. Like, but honestly. He tries to protect itself from intervention in the area of their inner experiences. So often you can hear from him: “do not climb into the soul.” Generally I like to stay away from the objects of adoration more distantly, because then they are much easier to not be disappointed. Ideally, to periodically somewhere absented himself for a long time. May be as a matter of love of animals or even some mystical essence, is not it even easier to maintain self-esteem. If there is a long time in a relationship with someone, you often will sooner or later becomes a moralist, since this is also a good way to get fit someone their ideals about him. In the protection of self-minus will say that everything - the bastards.
4 function of “I want” - object sensation. “Haberdasher and the Cardinal - is power.”
Always move toward the greatest strength, wealth, success, solidity, instilled external form, appearance. Aspire to live a beautiful life, come what may. One gets the feeling that they always manage to be on the winning side, the strongest party. If you change the alignment of forces - and change direction. They always attract strong people, they are easy to put in the best state of mind, if a little “shake” - they are instantly charged the momentum. Constantly need to be in a situation in which there is a sense of his omnipotence: money, power, honor, fame, medals, etc. If at the bottom of the social hierarchy, it will climb upward hook or by crook. If they impose something, they often are not able to resist, resist, as instilled by force. So often, in any case, can behave cold and detached, so you do not get into such a story. A good place for him even where there is some kind of vigorous activity, work, turbulent life, he often unconsciously in it is turned on and then is surprised to find himself where did not expect to be. For this reason, they need to be careful not to accidentally get involved in some kind of work to which he has no desire to have a relationship. They can be very easy to push, knock out of them the right solution, because people always inspired someone’s power and suddenly finds himself with her ??at the same time. Often they do not take offense to the biting jokes in the address, since they also contain an element of strength, even might take this as a compliment hidden respond to this sarcasm, since in principle the situation means that it is necessary to say something on this. However, the power to inspire and constantly going with it one way, sooner or later, it can really take on, rather than just trying to find and get in the books of Carlos Castaneda. Sometimes it may provoke someone on a tour de force. For example, offer to arrange Armwrestling tournament.
- 1 function “Poor” - an object of intuition.
They manage to be in a good mood for any external situation, it may generally be ignored, as it is said thus: “it is - in itself, and I - on its own.” Can know that the situation is bad, it is necessary for something to do, and do nothing. Like vultures look on all side and laugh, even if it can catch them as well. For this, they are often considered to be “cold”, sarcastic. can ignore external opportunities for yourself just because you do not want to strain. It is very deep seated “in itself” and there it is very comfortable, so in order to get out of this shell, need significant outside rein, otherwise he did not even notice. Very often their relationship to the world as something Lowland fallen: “Here I am, this inner harmony, calm, and there is this ideological world where there is a war, people are fighting for “a place under the sun”, masking all under something white and fluffy ?. Can any good work to find the “shadow side” of paint and it was her, “if a person is transferred the money to a charity, then, apparently, wants to advertise itself to do.” Sometimes it is all the same “pull” in the world by force of its cozy “shell”, then it can begin to defend themselves, taking advantage of the outside world, to mask their actions by general expediency. As a result, it becomes a little closer to objective reality.
- 2 the function “Do not” - subjective logic.
Usually he likes to tell about the objective laws, the laws of the world. But the question of why so and not otherwise, to answer it can be quite difficult. That is, knowledge is more important than understanding. Understand the need in only a few cases, such as when it becomes your profession. In other cases, you can just take the knowledge and use them for their practical purposes. Not very fond of arguing for an understanding of anything, because usually it does not give any dividends and it often irritates him in others. Well, do not argue, if you do not know this for sure, if you are not an expert in this field. But if the specialist - then, perhaps, there is little sense to discuss this. That is, there is a certain pattern of understanding, when it still needs to be done. And if someone could go into this territory more often that, it will irritate it more often. Not very, it is concerned with questions and understanding with someone, trying to understand someone else only individual and rare When a situation that is very much “demands”. In a situation where for a long time can not be realized in the world for the second function, sometimes minus the second function may displace the second, creating occasions of inversion. Then they can start to give their understanding, their understanding of the logic of something with a minus sign, to criticize all with these positions. Thus, he begins not only to know how the world works, but also learn to understand it better. Ultimately, this allows him to find it for yourself to work on a second function.
- 3 function “Problem Solving” - object ethics.
To all of you like a circle, their behavior - it is very helpful, and most try to win someone’s liking, work on your positive image. Unfortunately, he resorts to this only when love has no one - all gone. In other cases, he prefers his entourage allowed him “to cut a plain truth.” Stock up the arsenal of tools that allows you to still hold people close to you. This may be the ability to sometimes make compliments, knowledge of psychology, the ability to build bridges, politeness. In matters of the third function of the risks should not be, therefore, when it is not sure - sometimes at first gently distributes compliments working on this function, and only then the people he meet the same and he can believe that they are really “good.” Thus, the problem of self-protection is successfully solved. It is also much easier to love someone, and if they love you. Therefore, to clarify this issue, too, it is very useful from this viewpoint.
- 4 function “do not want to, I’m afraid” - the subjective sensation.
He was very afraid to be ill, infection, wash your hands “every five minutes”. He does not like to be in health care facilities for treatment. In general, everything connected with his personal physiological sensations he does not like to discuss, and it scared other such revelations. If you feel bad, then He prefers to “endure”, rather than somewhere else to go for help. On his physiological feelings does not like to tell: tasty - not tasty, convenient - it is not convenient. Most will say what that from it want to hear in a given situation. At the same time, if it is in an uncomfortable situation and can not leave it, it can start to talk on these topics. As a result, someone “picks” and He says something like, “it is necessary to harden, strengthen yourself, engage in sports, to become strong, then the match will not.” Location once it becomes comfortable.
Summary description:
Irrationals, which means inner unpredictability (constancy in unpredictability), windy, and vice versa symptoms very standard: clothing, work, “product”. The main function is connected with the improbable events that can be considered as a negative factor, as well as a greater degree of its internal exaltation and unpredictability. The second function is related to unlikely events, which is a positive factor because of its somewhat smaller than the standard. The introverted type, which means that he perceives himself to be something separate from the outside world, not something included in it. To itself it seems confusing and complicated, so - quite secretive, he does not like to talk about itself some details. I am pleased to learn their inner world, and surrounding it seems simple and straightforward, so he knows how to safely manipulate it, can take a “command” for themselves. Dominant needs associated with weak features, because of this it is extremely important for health to have outside support of their actions: all around should be nice and location to be solid, status, wealth (3 and 4 function). As the leading function is not related to the needs of the dominant - superficially may impress some inhibition action, the lack of vitality in man (the tendency to melancholy temperament - unbalanced, stationary). Living in the flow of both quantitative and qualitative information, which means the ability to maneuver well in her stream: to know where to go and act effectively.
Types signs:
principle (self-confidence zone), right (self zone), Frank (Area experiences), a strong-willed (corruption zone).
Keys to success:
safe financial status and location, surroundings nice and interesting people around, ideological and principled world, the demand for his ability to deal with the facts and knowledge or the ability to navigate in the rules and the objective laws of the world.
Vocational guidance:
lecturer, lawyer, technical and exact sciences, the mechanic, the appraiser, taster, instructor, clerk, economy, critic, builder, designer, official.
LIE (Jack London)
¶
1 function “good” - the logic of the object. “My life - my rules … for everyone!”
It is very self-confident in its existing knowledge lives by external rules, “routine”, “charter”, invented by himself, forcing all its vision of “order of things” in the external situation and the conservative in this vision: who should do what, etc. . All things must be in place, moving them gives him a desire to put them in place. Very much the concept of “my territory”, “boss”, suiting a mess on it irritate people, “Every cricket stick to his last.” The existing order of things is immutable, if you ask why it is necessary to do so, but not otherwise - the answers something like “so necessary”, without giving a reason. As if living in what they do in the surrounding area hands, so a change in this is seen as an attempt to change themselves. Once having learned certain rule - followed him all his life (2 * 2 = 4). The existing old order has to be changed, if he comes to replace the new - it is already bad. The establishment of order in its place carries the status of self-affirmation. Well versed in the rules anything: to do something - how, and in what order you need to act, where to go, what documents. He knows how to assemble and disassemble anything, self-confident in this, can spend hours messing around with a soldering iron, details, to understand the complex mechanisms. If in my world there are stable and unchanging rules of procedure - that I live. If not - then there is no me. On its territory, always feel the main, do not tolerate objections. If the concept of territory he outlined more widely - it can spread this concept to anyone who is on it. For them, the house - it is an impregnable fortress. If they explain something that they understand - sooner or later they will say “clear” and will interrupt you, as to penetrate to the level of understanding they seek. They are interested in the facts of objective reality - and do not need to understand them, often you just have to remember, learn, compare and implement. For example: how to assemble and disassemble the vacuum cleaner - do not need to understand, you just have to remember that where inserted. If the facts of its objective picture worlds are changing - then it is irritating, he needs time to rebuild it. The main criterion of activity - the objective benefits that can be obtained. To live with such a person in one territory can be only by its rules, and sometimes their aims to extend and strangers surrounding area as an extension of their borders seems useful work from the point of view of the person that lives and therefore it “exists” in an even greater extent. At least come somewhere in someone else’s place and start talking, who is supposed to do - quite typical of him. Communicating with them - it does not leave the impression that he is always in the image of the boss bossy, even if he was not empowered this: “take a shovel, dig the potatoes go now.” He does not like those who spend their time wasted, unproductive. He likes to ask again, on what facts established or that the judgment of anyone. The first function of the third: the successful implementation needs in the field of knowledge, science, or career. Otherwise, both functions are aimed at himself, can produce powerful negative together.
2 function “It is necessary to” - subjective intuition. “My ideals and principles safely carry to the masses.”
They like to be self-contradictory people “dig” in them, create in them an internal harmony, mood. They make excellent actors, as they are able and like to “get used” to the image of a person from the inside, and to “play a role” on his face. Able to understand the essence of complex internal situation - potentially good analysts. Often it is difficult to find employment, as their “product” - This inner human conflicts, and to penetrate so far, “the soul” of a person, you need to have permission. So often sensitive and vulnerable, just to harmonize ourselves again, “it is no longer necessary to nobody”, and sometimes even start to like torture and istezat yourself, dig into their sores. The reason - the difficulty to find adequate application in the world for its creative function, since it is not very much in demand, because not every let anyone dig into its own internal problems. Their product - bold ideas, principles, belief systems and knowledge that they bring to the world, are promoting. But do it beautifully, creatively, “fine”, not imposing them, and promoting interesting. Engaged in search internally contradictory situations, like to understand them. Unable to find a use, often implemented in art, since it is also a good way to use the function. Able to go to different internal psychological states. A good speaker, as is able to act positively on the internal state of the others in terms of harmony. Their product - it is the integrity of the internal situation, can therefore be implemented successfully and in psychology, because it means that they - healers of souls. In life, they like to dramatize everything, the slightest change in your mood or the internal state necessarily heard before all around. Usually they are very fond of “inflate out of molehills”, for them it is - a way to find a job on the second function, the more they “fall out” - the greater the realization of the individual in the world. The second function of the third: “to be or not to be? That is the question”. The second function of the first: sometimes talk about the need implement their shared principles common to all the rules, it can be hidden by propaganda of any political system. The second of four: sometimes can admire sincerity of some or collective rights.
3 function “Problems” - object sensation. “That would be me to take the first prize in the competition to identify the strongest man in the world!”
The most important thing in life to be rich, powerful, beautiful, successful, skilful. Take it as a challenge and this depends on his self-esteem, so it is very much worried about it. If something does not add up - it takes on the character of the disaster. Often loves to dress up bright, catchy, provocative, as a way to challenge others, to prove her beauty and success. Ruin, old age, social failure, ugliness in terms of social standards for a man sometimes can become a reason for suicide. In the protection of self-esteem in the negative - may cease contrary to monitor the appearance, go unkempt. In general, they tend to believe that the profession needed to go on time, so as not to disgrace. Be careful not to look weak and loved to show himself brave, strong, why can often, for instance, engage in martial arts, “the show” to learn some dangerous stunts and wherever possible, to show them, as well as sports. Man needs to be constantly taking new heights and that, oddly enough, their weak point. Sometimes, if everything went smoothly in their lives at some point can drop everything and go to another city, to “start over”, thus improve self-esteem. Very strongly socially determined, if someone needs something - then automatically it becomes necessary for some reason, and to him and he starts to try to get it by any means. The fact that the best way is for him and lies close, only to reach out enough, it is usually not just wondering if it is not necessary to win. Hence it may be similar problems in personal relationships, constantly turning the race for the unattainable. And as soon as it becomes achievable, and all interest is lost, the paradox. To be able to overcome everything and win - the main motive of their activity. The worst thing for them - play, which means shame. Because of this, they do not like to get involved in those businesses that are too difficult to win. After all, the third function can be no risk: usually raises difficult, even very difficult task, but doable and achievable. Most often they are associated with existing skills rather than developing new ones. They need social success, universal recognition of their victory. Sometimes it can be tricky to come up with ways to improve self-esteem: suddenly fall ill and then be treated seriously, to recover and to take it as his own achievement, victory.
4 function “I want to” - subjective ethics. “The love of good, and the darling kid.”
Seek to find yourself environment, a place where everyone will like them. If someone does not like it - a reason to change the situation. It is very suggestible, if we speak to him as to who should be treated. When you do not know how to treat someone, you feel uncomfortable, they are in need of people who have them explain it all along the way. Looking for a place for himself, where he will be allowed to communicate to all of its assessment, the attitude. If this is allowed - the place becomes a good. In this regard, it is very suspicious, so trying to find and often rely on any objective data. It is estimated to inspire people close to him, who can use it. So, if, having appeared in some new place, there is such a person - that it will try to catch it was his assessment and then to make them their own. For him, the best place where there is a close and trusted friends circle. He likes the situation in which he precisely and unambiguously sure how and what should be treated “black - white”. If there is no such clarity - that he felt uncomfortable can. He was always very painful to part with the team, in which he worked, and the memories will bring forth therein nostalgia. It hurts to lose a friend, a comrade, a colleague with whom for a long time spoke. The same applies to personal life. Sometimes deliberately provoke a scandal somewhere as a legitimate way to express their attitude to anything, as the other assessment would require the approval of the team, and this assessment can express so. And then to go to its current estimates, that we can safely speak. If he feels for anyone’s feelings - it can all turn a blind eye to all, as it is inspired by love, in his case, it is very blind. It is a feeling that it warms the contrary though any sense. In general, in such a situation the functions develops a very dangerous situation because a person can very easily be programmed to any feelings for anyone, and therefore action. And then simply push to do what he wants. And no hypnosis is not necessary - he will make the best of intentions.
- 1 function “Poor” - subjective logic.
It takes into account only the facts, such a thing as their understanding is completely ignored. Because of this, his knowledge can be very good, but too superficial to deep their understanding. This means that to create something based on them new it is difficult. If he is to explain something, sooner or later, he says, “Understandable” and interrupts you. Dislikes new hypotheses, theories, concepts, since they have not yet checked. It accepts only something that we can safely refer. Generally does not accept long lengthy discussion of the category of “Is there life on Mars?”, Immediately called all windbags. If you tell him that “it is believed that …” then he’ll tear off in mid-sentence, not even giving the finish, “which means there is an opinion? And on what it is based on what evidence? “, Instead of a little think about it. In general, I never get into the theory that he did not need right now in practice. But if you can out of this is something to remove, then yes, a useful thing. He needs to know the “in fact”, and everything else is not interested. This feature means certain narrow-mindedness of thinking, inability to look at the situation from a different perspective. His logic - not very flexible standard. It can be difficult to understand, say, Castaneda and other philosophers, expanding their horizons of thinking concepts. After all, it’s simple and clear: The earth revolves around the sun, and it is - only one of the possible truths on this subject, to understand can be very difficult. It was known that between two points can be carried out only one line, but came Lobachevsky created their geometry and it becomes clear that this is - also a certain convention. So, no “really” can be all in principle. However, when he defends his knowledge or can not ensure the normal operation of the first function, it may be better to try to understand something, make it easier to “fight” to defend the first function. In life, it also ignores such a thing as mutual understanding with people around them, as if trying not to bother with it, such as to adapt to other people. Also, it does not differ curiously, if it is not practical knowledge, so it can “sin” a “die-hard”.
- 2 the function “Do not” - an object of intuition.
Outside balanced and predictable world - not his world. He loves spontaneity appearance schedule - only in general terms, mostly associated with the work. After that, everything can and must go “as he likes his left leg.” He was not very interesting to be in a world where all too well and predictably, it is necessary once there to sow intrigue, to make everyone to move, to act, that started some action. If it will have to take on a negative role - then so be it, but it’s still better than if all drown in the swamp with a predictable end of a fairy tale from the category of “and they lived a long life and died in one day.” Usually I like to find a profession where one has not very much to strictly follow some daily routine, schedule or just likes to frequently change it. However, in certain situations, of course, it is necessary to strictly follow it, but it is - only in special cases. This can be a job or military service, and may still be a need to create a peaceful external environment for those he loves. It all depends on what he puts into it is the concept of “normal”. They obey hard, but still need sometimes. All the rest of the time should take place in “free flight”. However, in a situation of prolonged stress and the inability to be realized in the world for the second function, the inversion can occur - the displacement minus the second function of the second. Then he begins to constantly criticize the world around and its foundations. The result is those can be as uncomfortable to live in it, and it would be useful to help establish the integrity of the internal situation, spiritual harmony as a result. Thus, it is to work.
- 3 function “Solving Problems” - the subjective sensation.
To be able to a lot of things in life and to achieve - you need to have an iron health. Therefore, if ill, then immediately stored “kilos” of drugs. Start to really monitor their health only if often ill, while avoiding harmful habits, running in the morning. It may begin to harden, to be examined at the hospital, to monitor the utility power, but it is only in this case. In all the other can run their health, not to engage in sports.
- 4 function “do not want to, I’m afraid” - the object of ethics.
Afraid of external relations. This means that he does not like all of these statuses, implying a real relationship: friend, companion, wife, cousin. Can escape from it all somewhere in the taiga, in the mountains for a month - another generally move to another city, so that they ceased to be for this time official, significant for him. Better something like: kind of like a friend, like a friend, like a relative and like his wife. It’s easier and to nothing obliges. If someone expresses them clearly their sympathies, they often are afraid of this. It means - just start some kind of relationship with this person, even if he did not reciprocate, that is, it is better to “slip away” somewhere. The best option for them - a relationship without relations. Today, together, tomorrow, not together, the day after tomorrow - together again. commercials families where the wife always on business trips, are seen on the big holidays. However, in any case, some kind of relationship building is necessary, at least with my parents, family, a small circle of friends. But this is the same reason why he can move to live in another city: there is a reason they enter is not very often. If he can not find a comfortable location anywhere and you can not leave this place, you can begin to play the fool, to lift all spirits, to behave according to the external situation, to surrounding people also seemed to him a positive response to all this in the necessary positive way. Then it becomes a good location for the fourth function. In other cases, all of these behavioral norms appear to him as something unnecessary and frightening, usually in the office he heads breaks both his home and work hard to make special someone likes to think it beneath his dignity. The main thing to like yourself, then, maybe someone else will fit.
Summary description:
Rational, which means the internal
predictability and consistency. External manifestation contrary very
unusual: clothing, work, “product”. The main function is connected with
the improbable events that can be considered a positive factor in mind
it somewhat smaller than the standard. The main “product” is connected
with the improbable events that can be considered as a negative factor,
since further increases the degree of its exaltation. Extraverted type,
it means that he sees himself part of the world, not something out of it
isolated. To itself it seems clear and simple, so do not hesitate to
tell something about themselves and the world around him seems to be
complicated, difficult to understand, so he does not know how to
manipulate, distribute commands instead with interest studying it.
Dominant needs associated with weak features, because of this it is
extremely important for health to have outside support of their actions:
location must be solid, status, wealth, and all around should be pretty
at the location (3 and 4 function). As the leading function is not
related to the needs of the dominant - superficially may impress some
inhibition action, the lack of vitality in man (the tendency to
melancholy temperament - unbalanced, stationary). Note: The
recommendation from the health point of view - to reduce the number of
external activity. Living in the flow of both quantitative and
qualitative information, which means the ability to maneuver well in her
stream: to know where to go and act effectively.
Type signs:
right (self-confidence zone), the principal (the zone of confidence), a strong-willed (Area experiences), Frank (corruption zone).
Keys to success:
cute and interesting people at the place of its location, the attainment of wealth and social recognition, peace and rule of objective laws, the demand for his ability to see and solve the internal conflicts of other people or his ideas and principles.
Vocational guidance:
artist, psychology, arts, analyst, ideologist, personnel officer, politician, designer, engineering science, an economist, a children’s coach.
ESI (Dreiser)
¶
1 function “Good” - subjective ethics. “If I do - because I love and will love you forever !!! If you hate - hate so much and I will always hate Islands !!!”
Very affectionate and conservative in his feelings and relationships towards anyone, faithful once had the feeling to someone. If someone with these estimates do not agree - it makes him a strong negative. Once deceived them - becomes for them a liar forever, even if reeducate. On the side is often perceived as a moralist, since his feelings and assessment - the main part of his life. But the fact is that since the main function of “product” does not like to be given out in the world, and often holds in itself - then it happens most often when something irritates him in terms of its assessments. That is, the negative is often seen brighter than positive. Hence, such a false impression of these people can be. Trying to challenge their assessment is useless, just something “good”, and that something “bad”. Explain the reason they will not be able to communicate clearly with the exception of common phrases. He tries to keep himself near those to whom once had positive feelings. They have a very clear division of people into ‘good’ and ‘bad’. “Good” like, as “bad” despise perfect hatred: often hidden, sometimes openly, especially if the person is very much a strong negative causes. If not enough people around him whom he loves, it could provoke in him the latent aggression, since it means that in this world it is not: after all, no one to love. They are very sensitive to such concepts as duty, honor, dignity, morality, of course - in their understanding. There are important own feelings, emotions and attitude to anything, rather than external, public, which may not be given importance. Rarely changed his attitude towards anyone. Especially - from bad to good. It has a huge stock of a wide variety of emotions and their nuances. Very sensitive to deviations from their own morality the people around him as if they continually monitors in this regard and looks after. His positive feelings - this is something that from his point of view, you need to constantly validate the behavior that matches his expectations regarding the “good” - “bad.” In society, it is too heavy in terms of understanding, because their ethics - personal, subjective, and therefore may deviate significantly from the pu
2 function “must” - object sensation. “I am strong and I would be interested to fight with you.”
Creative and creative handling of power, money, different skills. Ideal coaches who know how to make others stronger than enough original techniques and instill some skills. His strength - flexible, sophisticated, trying to be relevant. Able to work effectively and quickly, sometimes doing several things at once, great financiers, the truth may be too risky in some way, so they can prosper and ruined several times for life. Compete love, in contrast to the first function, which is important primarily in the process, and not necessarily as a result - the first place immediately. Second they also arrange (as there is for which further work). “Extreme” is often like. If you can not be realized with this function, sometimes consciously fall into a very deep financial or physical “pit”, then to carefully selected from it. Often become good athletes, they are able to go to win it creatively and professionally. Actually a lot of things can, can turn poverty into wealth elsewhere, well manipulated by people external data. Often it is very useful to invite him to some business, since he just knows how to do something so that it will produce real income. It has the art of possession by force when necessary - just “tighten the screws” for the good of the cause, when it is necessary - on the contrary weaken. Able to work with groups from these positions: to create the necessary balance of freedom and control for a particular situation. Therefore, there are good teachers from the viewpoint that children grow up at the same time not spoiled, and not clogged: where it is possible to encourage, and in some cases may “poprizhat” little, if “the cause.” If he takes to train someone to something, it is often this turns out excellent results. Therefore, also often - Parents are outstanding athletes who started their cooking from an early age. If you long to accumulated negative on the value function, the output is obtained with the second function, so it is very dangerous especially anger, provoke. It can be long enough to accumulate a grudge, do not give it value as a function of trying to be adequate to the outside world, “a good product”, but at some point, “cup” overflows and it may cease to control anything: It is the output of aggression, so that man can not understand himself, he did, and then - the consequences. Therefore, it is imperative somewhere physically discharged: sport, hobby, boxing pear at the worst. Well, it is better to allow negativity to go, and not accumulate till it there will not be much, it would be better for everyone. They know how to create yourself and others some image, work clothes, very creative in this, and creates some of its original canon, rather than chasing fashion and is often successful. If necessary, you are able to save money to live on small amounts of money. Sometimes it is so cunning in financial activities that can make money out of thin air. They love to handle and manipulate forms: collecting stamps, badges, cars, create INTERIOR draw. In childhood can be very loving to play with toy soldiers. Usually they do not like when touched his stuff, as skillful manipulation - their “product” and then you get them as if a competitor. They know how to handle things well, that they served them for many, many years, it is an art of manipulation. The old - also in no hurry to throw away, so how can they still somehow try to use, and then find a job on the second function. The second function of the third, “we must be able to defend their ideals and principles that should be good with his fists.” The second of the first and fourth: for the sake of family ready to “cut the throat”, “lawlessness” can withstand only the “iron discipline”.
3 function “Problems” - subjective intuition. “It would not have to change yourself to yourself?”
The zone is a self-integrity of the internal situation, internal harmony, consistency, integrity, ideology, inner peace. To protect the self-esteem they usually just need a little break away from the people in this matter, that they are not planted in him a kind of inner conflict, so the task is almost always cope successfully and actively protect it. From the side, they always seem to be very consistent and principled people. They always think, do and say the same thing, that is, never themselves do not conflict with the same waiting for the rest of someone for this reason that begins to consider them “too right”. Any information taken them only when it does not carry the danger of destroying the internal balance, so it is very stubborn. Never make a deal with its principles. Usually very polite, restrained, closed and hidden, to impress principled, consistent person. The presence of positive self-esteem is ensured by the ideals that may correlate poorly with the surrounding reality, which may cause the actual disregard of reality. Effective in achieving specific goals, but it can do, “ahead”, ignoring the outside world and his opinion. Good feel, when it is reinforced by the situation: profession, implying legitimacy of such actions and the means - protection from the point of view of society. For example: “I - a soldier and just doing my duty service of the motherland”, to be understood “from me bribes smooth.” Often preach idealistic principles, implying priority to ideas, the principle of reality. It knows how to lead the people, since he wants to believe he is not lying, but the truth believe in their ideals. They are important to maintain inner peace, so you need to feel valued correctness of their actions in terms of consistency, ideology. Where the situation is too ambiguous, it will be difficult, but it will try to resolve them through simplification. Basically, series - “good”, unprincipled, inconsistent - “bad.” He does not like those who know how to sow internal contradiction, doubt in his heart. Even if he does something wrong, it’s much more comfortable about it just never know, thus self-esteem will be protected, so most of these people, he simply ignores. For example, can think what they want to hurt him, and because their opinion does not matter. In general, anything that might disturb his inner world - is not taken into account. “May I lose, but it’ll be true to yourself.” Very often, it is more important to them.
4 function of “I want” - the logic of the object. “It is a pity that civilians do not live according to the ordinance.”
Inspires facts, figures, often misses a deaf ear to all but them. He likes to be in places where knows what the situation is - what to do. Inspires external order of things, which was at the time his upbringing: the political system, social norms, etc. Therefore it is extremely sensitive to social change: as long as the order of things has not changed: “God forbid you live in interesting times.” Always moves in the direction of the highest order and places carefully avoids chaos, inspired by the order and very upset that he did not change then. In this connection, sometimes it attracts work in military structures, which has the force of statute. It is important that the situation elsewhere has been organized in accordance with his usual rules and laws do not contradict the facts of objective reality. It is also important to know who and where it should be, what to do. What documents need to collect, for what purpose, where they have to apply and how to fill. Most feel comfortable in a situation of definitive rules of action, without any admixture of subjectivity “in the case of something - to do something-something.” Knowledge of the facts is often replaced in a particular situation a true understanding of its problems. Why it becomes superficial, just vault statistics noted by objective laws and regulations. He does not like long and detailed explanations. Immediately interrupts and says, “Well, in short, that there” really? “. There is a view that he wants to get a ready solution, usually, but not its justification. Eg. “2 * 2 = 4” Even rule. Loves terms, sometimes you can just tell them and they they will be enough. He does not like those who are destroying the norms of behavior in some situations, for example, it breaks the chain of command. Particularly inspired by the facts, which sees with his own eyes, if you can touch it. Therefore, it may often become a victim of fraud, which they are able to provide such “fried facts “, especially if it is clearly (” sleight of hand and no moshenstva “).
- 1 function “Poor” - object ethics.
Ignore the outside, the real relations between people in order to please their senses and their relation to something. Thus, could easily make enemies. Indeed, in one situation need to behave this way, and in another - some sort. The celebration is not necessary to sort things out, but the wedding is not worth a fuss. But he I do not see, because this function is pushed out of his mind and all it can do easily. Can demonstratively ignore external relations, as though not recognizing their importance: “Well, what if the husband and wife, I can see that they look at each other without the sincere feelings.” As if every external relations - a complementary attribute of internal relations. Legally married - it’s just an external confirmation of these same feelings if they are not, then it - no relation, and fiction. However, sometimes, when they can not work on the first feature comfortable, exposed on it attacks, defend against it or just talking on the themes object of ethics, they can they start to criticize, analyze, working on this function. In the end - begin to see them, at least partially, and to take into account. Then all these points, at least, it does not bear the same trouble as before. The concept of behavioral norms for them - something very strange, they do not even try to follow them. Completely replace the concept of its assessment of these same standards, resulting sometimes laugh at funerals may become the norm, if you think so (but that, of course, very much exaggerated example).
- 2 the function “Do not” - the subjective sensation.
If ill - bit you go. In other cases, not particularly need to pay attention to this. Well, maybe especially harmful habits to grow still not worth it. Although, if it is not health harms, then why not? They do not fear the disease rather refer to it as to something humdrum. On their taste preferences and physiological does not like to propagate. Convenient - not convenient, tasty - not tasty, how much of a difference? The main thing that was edible, it was possible to sit on this chair, in principle, else - the small stuff. There may be, for example, only some simple rules and requirements for foods: cleanliness, taste normal. No commitment is required to try everything in life: oh, he loves any dish, and it will be there. Maybe try something exotic, but especially for the sake of this in any respect do not want to strain. He does not understand all the talk of discharge, “but this in bed Oh, but this ah” because they do not see this difference in the special dividend for themselves, as well as that one dish a little tastier, more, but can useful. Not particularly fond of talking on all these topics physiological and sensory pleasures diseases. He believes that they must be appropriate, infrequent. Well, someone is sick, then we can talk a little. If there was something “good” - great, but “shoot the breeze” about it on every street corner - a sign of bad taste. Maybe do not really notice, that he was somewhere not very comfortable to be physically. If a person can not find a “job” for the object itself senosoriki for a long time, you can start to work on a subject: he criticizes all this hedonism reigns all around, and it can be found through the “work” for the creative function. For example, think of a way to overcome bad habits of people, to instil in them the skills sport or teach you how to earn more money to all those hedonistic weaknesses. This happens due to the convergence objective and subjective realities. It is also something similar happens when he starts to talk on all these topics, most of all, he does not like gluttons and can laugh at them.
- 3 function “Problem Solving” - an object of intuition.
If the soul “something wrong”, it is very useful to harmonize and external environment: play pleasant music, to create comfort in the apartment, clean up the backlog of cases. Then the soul is easier to calm down, less will worry about something. It may be useful to establish a contact someone, make new friends, make friends with the environment at work, or simply meet up with friends, pobalagurit bit. It may also be useful to see some opportunities that can offer the world and try to use them yet. Unfortunately, doing so only when the soul of “fire”, the remaining time can be all of these questions do not pay attention. But the arsenal of all these tools at your fingertips. If the soul does not matter - calling a friend, offers to meet, “hoot” or is engaged sports, fun little club. Or, finally accepts the proposal, which had not previously I dare take until all was well. Also, if outwardly everything is done correctly it on the intended plan, and less inner experiences in this regard. Often it covers self-esteem it is in the face of personal plans, which considers it his duty to perform. This ensures integrity and consistency of actions, internal consistency. If the external situation destroys inner peace, everything begins its “rebuild” sooner or later. Although the question is hard, painful.
- 4 function “do not want to, I’m afraid” - subjective logic.
He does not like long explanations, since they are afraid of him. He does not like to go into some kind of knowledge. Just I know the fact that “so-and-so.” For example, according to statistics 10% of people sitting on the internet at night. But try to understand the meaning of these facts - it is not necessary, it is better, let’s figure out how we can use it to their advantage. Because of this, his knowledge is often “sin” superficial, shallow. As if people had read the encyclopedia and it goes everywhere quoted. But dig deeper - do not understand that. He does not know how to put yourself in the other person, not trying to figure it out. In the reasoning of others catches only the facts, statistics, and at the time of interrupting an explanation remarks like: “No, I do not have to explain anything, just tell me how it really”, because he is frightened. It may suddenly find that something he knew not - well, why, it’s uncomfortable, scary? And so, without going to the area, you can simply “play” the facts and still benefit from it. After all, you can not argue with them. Also, he does not know how to explain something. Knowledge can shine, but to be able to interpret them correctly - no. Therefore, if it is asked to explain something, help to understand - you may want to escape from there. At the same time, if you run away from uncomfortable place you can not, it can raise these issues. For example, tell a little that he understands. Someone will correct it and unwittingly begins to operate at the same facts, refer to any factual material. Thus, the place will once again be comfortable for him. Can remember the reception and then there is little interest in this even to hint at the fact that the place becomes uncomfortable - again to say something that he understands translating this maneuver the conversation to the facts.
Summary description:
Rational, which means the internal predictability and consistency. External manifestation of the contrary is very unusual: clothing, work, “product”. The first function is related to highly probable events, making it even more conservative and may be considered as a negative factor. The main “product” of a highly probable event, which somewhat reduces the degree of its exaltation, and this is a positive factor. The introverted type, which means that he perceives himself to be something separate from the outside world, not something included in it. To itself it seems confusing and complicated, so - quite secretive, he does not like to talk about itself some details. I am pleased to learn their inner world, and the surrounding seems to him simple and intuitive, so he knows how to safely manipulate it, can take a “command” for themselves. Dominant needs associated with the leading features: superficially gives the impression of “Daisy”, an active person: a minute without work, externally - often, like “blood and milk” (the tendency to choleric temperament - unbalanced, movable). But self-esteem always decreases suddenly, and since it and the weak functions are generally associated with subdominant needs. Living in the flow of both quantitative and qualitative information, which means the ability to maneuver well in her stream: to know where to go and act effectively.
Type signs:
frank (self-confidence zone), a strong-willed (confidence zone), principal (Area experiences), the right (the corruption of the zone).
Keys to success:
rules, procedures, laws and the facts on the location; inner harmony and consistency, ideological and workflow; pleasing and beloved world; the need for its ability to achieve the strength and financial health.
Vocational guidance:
athlete, trainer, financier, the ideologue, businessman, power structures, fashion, artist, designer, instructor, economist.
IEE (Huxley)
¶
1 function “Good” - an object of intuition. “Oh, what a beautiful and harmonious as the world, especially the pipe factories!”
Living in harmony and flow capacity of the external world, the integrity of the external situation, “all is well in this best of all possible worlds.” Violation of this harmony perceives is always aggressive, say, repair the apartment for him - a reason for the emergence of aggression. Since it can be difficult to negotiate, since he seemed to “veer”, going through life, “can be that way, but you can.” Therefore, an attempt to clearly define the time with him and the venue can be an exercise in futility, “I’ll be there first, then there is, and most likely, if all the time to be able, in the area so much, I’ll be there somehow.” No perception of space and time as something permanent, which can not be moved, somehow, very roughly, vaguely, for the sake of accuracy of the meeting makes no sense to change the plans, thus destroying the harmony of the external situation. If he is late for work and ask him at the same time bring a bucket, since he is still late, it means to destroy the integrity of the external situation, as it was all “is already taken into account” that the work can sometimes be late, included in the concept of the integrity of the situation, “bucket” there did not appear. Data types People “live” with original ideas about the outside world and are conservative in this knowledge unit, from the impression of “great masters” - no one knows that he came into our heads the next second time. And this love of volatility they erected bounce back conservative behavior for them - a perennial irritant. Those who criticize their ideas, and their annoying, they do not know how to defend them, often surround themselves with those who agree with them. They annoy people who scandals arrange external conflicts, even if it is “in the case.” For external conflict - also the destruction of the outer harmony. Often, like something to check out for others, but do not like to start, as it is also sometimes means destruction of external harmony, which for them - a zone of conservatism. The first function via a third: it is important to “seize” everything from life that is possible. If you do not go out, the event of serious internal problems.
2 function “It is necessary to” - subjective ethics. “I know how to love dearly and will be happy to find someone who knows how it’s even harder.”
Always convey to others their attitude to him, constantly manipulated by their attitude to others. See his destiny in hand their own assessments everything that surrounds them: what is good, what is bad. Sometimes it can change sympathy / antipathy several times a day, very amorous and fickle in this. Seeking a place where interested in his opinions on any subject. It is best to find themselves as artistic director since its assessment is uniquely accepted and people approve of what he requires from them. In it, too, is entitled to receiving a head, but the approval of others, in this case is considerably less. He himself refers to his estimates as “working time”, something everyday and constant: first praise someone, then scolded, he praised again. Not being in a similar position - it looks less adequately, so often it is this is one of the incentives that they become and thus safely “sell” products, demand for which is very small in the society. Usually - none at all, as those of all criticizes, often no one likes. It is often perceived as the one who comes “with its charter in another monastery.” Just look and everything begins to evaluate, “this is good, this is bad,” “like, but it is somehow not.” It is interesting to be in a conflict situation, and if all is well, it may even provoke it, as if he has a job: to evaluate. Such people often win the sympathy of his involvement in the problems of others: they are aware of them, interested in them, can adjust to the interlocutor in this capacity, in order to better get in touch with him. Therefore one often make good policy. Their advantage - the ability to play on voters’ requests to know exactly what they want. Their relations are seldom reliable, since it is very volatile today like tomorrow - I do not like, then - love again. Even hate them - something that is quite easily one can become love. For them, the feelings - it’s just an interesting game. They know the value of the whole, so it is still fun to be assessors, tasters. Occasionally when a representative of the opposite sex, they leave without their assessment. Their assessments often serve as a moralizing, but very strange, because it is good today, and tomorrow - is bad and vice versa. Sometimes the situation forces to hide their assessment of “the opinions of others.” For example, they can use this technique, “say …”. If clarify who is saying what, it turns out that it is so cleverly hiding their opinion. The second function of the third: “to be a good specialist, it is necessary to study a lot, like me.” The second of the first and fourth: can sometimes express aloud his admiration with respect to the outside world and some of the physical pleasures that he was lucky to experience.
3 function “Problems” - the logic of the object. “How I would like to receive an invitation to the TV show” What? Where? When? “And win!”
Knowledge for the individual is paramount, supremacy factor:. “If something I do not know, I - bad” Therefore, they often say they know something, really do not know (often in the hope that it will learn later, and no one would guess that they do not really know). Or another option, while protecting the minus - sometimes you can hear more from them: “Oh, and I do not know, I’m so ashamed.” It is also important for them to have some kind of a piece of its territory, where they have the opportunity to be in charge. They love to learn, since the acquired knowledge increases their self-esteem. Nothing pleases them do not like the resulting five on any subject. Very attentive to the objective reality: the violation of the planned order of things causing it stress. He loves to reinforce their knowledge of reference to an authoritative source, statistics, facts. But do not know how to analyze them in terms of understanding. His vocation - the keeper of the scientific knowledge. Can not stand the chaos of information that did not really clear. Therefore, usually, in such situations, it easy “which we have the real facts? Here, let’s take them to and repelled. ” “If there is order in my world - I’m good, if not - then I’m bad.” Have a property to idealize their “objective” picture of the world, authorities. That is, treat it as what it really is, even if you are wrong and all their facts “fried”. Often become adepts of something, some kind of “order of things” and is widely implemented. Becoming a supervisor, usually planted on the ground it is “their” people who take their “order of things” and actions. It is very important notion: “I - master, master in my territory.” Even it does not matter what her size: a room or an entire state, as long as it was accepted by all. Sometimes this results in a comic form: guard some area that feels entitled to decide whether or not to let you somewhere just on a whim. In private life this sometimes means greater demands on elected representatives: it is necessary fully to take all their external actions, but it is also only possible to a certain extent. Therefore, they often realize that the search for the ideal, in principle, not possible. Violation of the order of things by any of the subordinates for them - a serious offense, too late - then destroyed his order. If he is not the boss - then it is important to know exactly what its terms of reference, or can not take someone else’s “order of things.” They love to command, if there is such a possibility: close, subordinates: Despite how far it extends the concept of “my territory.”
4 function of “I want” - object sensation. “May I - Malchish-bad guy, but I have a sandwich with butter”
Always moving in the direction of places where there is physical comfort, exquisite sensory pleasure and are not able to deny yourself this. Where it is physically comfortable there and well, even if it is very expensive. Love gourmet food, massage, stroking. Finding one place where they feel comfortable, for example, restaurant some - can go there for dinner across town. Avoid places where there is all of necessary physical facilities. Gourmets around, slaves to their preferences and habits. If you like sweet, then will eat it pounds. Often determine the state of health from the words of others, because it is very suggestible on it. Sometimes it may be trying to recreate elements of the home where they feel as comfortable as physically. Quickly get used “to the good” and this becomes their weakness in the future, without it they can not. Suggestibility authorities with respect to health issues, if to tell him that he has something to be treated, it is easy to believe it can. In this context, it can become easy prey for “paid doctors.” They may forget to eat on time, take medications to sleep, so it is in need of a caring parent or spouse.
- 1 function “Poor” - subjective intuition.
The integrity of the internal situation is the most rigidly ignored socionical value. This means that a person is no such thing as an “inner core”, ideology, ideology, matching words and deeds. “Where are tastier” - that ideology and better. He does not know how to dive into yourself, meditate, find inner peace on their own, making the surface becomes a little man. Instead of looking outside harmony. That is, it is necessary to find, create for themselves outer harmonious world, fabulous, and only acquired and inner harmony. In all other cases, it will often idealize the existing world, all the people in it - always “good”. This is what it replaces finding inner harmony. If work on the first function an objective can not be realized for some external hindering her reasons, and when it starts to go about matters relating to subjective intuition, sometimes a person can begin to defend themselves through it, to criticize: to accuse someone of conservatism his ideas and principles, to attack someone else’s principles, ideas. They do not like, especially when something is done in the name of some great ideas, goals. They think it’s some kind of abomination. Do not know how they calm down on their own: it is necessary to be sure to find someone and “Pour out” his soul, use it as a vest. For these purposes, any person can use. As a result, it allows him to somehow maintain inner harmony and sometimes, even though she is in the area most severely repressed values, then again it will be possible to begin to ignore it, focusing only on the outer harmony of the world.
- 2 the function “Do not” - object ethics.
External relations for them - something not very much and not always associated with internal. For example, being married, often can easily meet someone else, not seeing it as something bad. barely appearing in some companies may begin to pretend to be treated the same as all the rest of its members. Often this behavior may irritate people. In certain situations, it is still in compliance with any rules of external relations, but all of these cases - rare and strictly prescribed. For example - a funeral is not fun, it may be in relation to the employer must be some scope permitted behavior, or it may even be similar cases it was his understanding of these standards. In all other cases it is simply grossly ignored. If all go on holiday to have fun - you can create a scandal, and when all upset - you can start to behave provocatively. Faux Pas - often their business card, with the exception of some cases which it builds in such a thing as a norm, then he himself will not tolerate violations. But what exactly it involves a particular person - depends on it, so This is all you need to keep in mind, taking into account this factor. If the object speaks on topics of ethics, it is usually negative. For example, something like: “Me, too little family”, “friends - do not spill water.” The inversion of the situation is also beginning to criticize even stronger external relationships between people, and eventually begin to see them as still some sense, even remotely, as yet little start to analyze them. This makes it possible somehow, but to get closer to people, and then they can once again giving away their work for assessment as the second function.
- 3 function “Problem Solving” - subjective logic.
To know and understand well in this - very useful in this insight, to understand, to explore the inside. Otherwise there is a risk of superficiality existing knowledge, especially if it is - your main specialty. They can strike at any moment. This may love to study, go to classes, hire tutors, even if already somehow good command of the question. Also, try to find people who are well versed in a certain matter, understand the nuances. This allows you to structure all the information available to them, but they do it all when knowledge do not give them the desired result. At other times, it is currently satisfied with the fact that they possess this knowledge.
- 4 function “do not want to, I’m afraid” - object sensation.
Afraid of brute force, is usually not specialist skills if something went wrong, then, without hesitation, it is a specialist, even if the question and “damn” is not worth it. It can not bring anything to the end, to finish. It can not tolerate waiting, sacrifice himself for the sake of victory. Their work often very talented, but not “brought to the point”, as their author simply lazy. During his appearance usually is not very able to follow dress. If the fourth function may not withdraw from an unfavorable situation for themselves and find a better place, it can be turned on minus four. Sometimes - as soon as there is a potential threat such as this - a good way to prevent the break up of objective and subjective realities. So in a strange, unknown situation or when you can not leave a place for themselves adversely, can sometimes try to appear courageous, decisive, strong-willed person, do not understand why all of a sudden start to deal with the “windmills”, suddenly lash out at someone without objective reasons. He has his own understanding, when it is still possible to apply brute force sometimes, but it is very strange and the deviation from this understanding makes him irritated. The real reason for this infrequent phenomenon is simply impossible to leave a place that no longer seems to him physically comfortable. It is possible that the way out of this situation may be a need to learn and the ability to create it in any situation for themselves.
Summary description:
Irrationals, which means inner unpredictability (constancy in unpredictability), windy, and vice versa symptoms very standard: clothing, work, “product”. Furthermore, since the first function and is associated with more improbable events, it becomes abso
Type signs:
romantic (self-confidence zone), Frank (confidence zone), right (Area experiences), eat the (corruption zone).
Keys to success:
the location of the increased comfort, the development of knowledge and recognition of the primacy in its territory, a harmonious world, in its assessment of the demand on the part of the world.
Vocational guidance:
educator, engineering science, politics, librarian, art director, director, taster, assessor, lecturer, critic, judge, referee, art, official.
SLI (Gabin)
¶
1 function “good” - the subjective sensation. “I - mate to his own taste.”
Living sensory pleasures of life and are looking for them everywhere for itself: delicious food, a comfortable chair, a variety of physiological pleasant feeling. Most consider themselves experts in taste, if I love the heat, all who love the cold - walruses. If I love the cold, all who love the heat - Merzlyakov. It is very self-confident in matters of health, may put their opinions about health “above” the opinions of doctors or even treat them lightly. Almost always have good health, but excessive enthusiasm sensory pleasures of life can greatly podkashivat them. Smoking, alcohol, overeating and other gluttony - it is very difficult to refuse from it all. At the same time, in these matters sensory tastes very conservative. When engaged in a kitchen, it usually turns out he is a very good thing if this “is the soul.” But someone else “strepnyu” can be very critical, especially risky meals. Often, all you need for comfort issues carry with them. Feel free to talk about intimate matters without considering it necessary to something to hide in this, love to talk about their sores. His sensory conservative, so in these matters, he is very affectionate. I am confident in their invulnerability, reliability, “neproshibaemosti”. If it is something “feels”, “feel”, that one will not listen, will do everything “in his own way.” He loves reliable things that can be “horseshoe bend”, and such an idea may come to mind easily. He is fluent in your body, its plasticity. They have always something to feel physically, to confirm their presence in the world, and they surround themselves with such “thing”: soft kitty, warm carpet, wool socks, iron balls spinning fingers. Many “fussing” for convenient - it is not convenient, but do not worry, namely “fussing” as a way to maintain a conversation. The first function of the third: refers to the need to maximize pleasure from the relationship with his passion. If something does not add up, it is a powerful internal imbalance.
2 function “must” - the logic of the object. “I know many things and is willing to prove it, if I’m wrong - is to find out what exactly is wrong, and then I’ll know for sure.”
Very skillful with knowledge, facts, creatively, the perfect speaker, able to give instructions: for example, to teach the skills of the car unit. He knows how good, creative and original way to manipulate external objects that need to go there you can climb, dig, make out - to collect. Many members of these types of childhood are very fond of the designers. Repair complex everyday objects - their favorite hobby, because this requires active work on the logic of the object. If you can not be implemented for this function - can deliberately break things, then to fix them. They can use some items are not for its intended purpose: the microscope as a way to hammer nails. It is ideal for professionals upgrading anything, especially in the physical sense, notices laws of the objective world, is able to fix them well and use. Sometimes you may find a place specially used in places where the need for objective knowledge, far from civilization, and there he has the opportunity to show off knowledge, skill. Well versed in the now-existing laws, orders, their advantages and disadvantages, skillfully maneuvering in them. If ingested in the tube - can start a route very original: on roadsides, paths, sidewalks, he feels it like a duck to water. Able to keep in mind a number of factors of the objective world and use them. Very practical people know how to improve and modernize the surrounding Space anything so that it was easier, better, better, “jack of all trades.” These people are living in some of his rules, but they have a very flexible, some of them can be avoided by some to replace, very manipulative attitude towards this. On the morning may be one set of rules, in the evening - is totally different, simply because life has changed. Therefore, to them it is very difficult to negotiate, and if agreed - that at some point they can then terminate it simply because it became unprofitable to them. That is - the attitude to the rules as something that you can always change at will of the parties, so often with them difficult to deal with it in a business capacity, as there is usually if the contract - the contract, any attempt to revise it every 5 minutes is not provided. And here then - it must be a contract without penalties in the event of termination in advance implies that it is - something impermanent, as a solution acceptable to all at some short moment of life. The second function of the third: a lot can talk about what should be the people around you what behavior is right, what - wrong. The second function of the first and fourth: can improve something in the outside world for their own physical facilities to achieve a more harmonious environment sometimes can come up with and offer everything any rules that would be the most harmonious for being in a certain place.
3rd function “Problems” - subjective ethics. “That would not fall into a goat!”
It is important to be good to people around them somewhere, someone to love. If someone they do not like - that means drop their self-esteem. “I bad if I did not love. ” They have two ways out of the situation: either the Buddhist path - to recognize that the world is imperfect and love him the way he is with the people, or come up with your ideal lover and love her, and in the world beyond simple ratios without strong feelings. All other options imply a strong self-esteem issues, as in the case of the idealization of people close to him, sooner or later, have to deal with their shortcomings. A deidealizatsiya means each time the strongest negative and falling self-esteem. They need to be able to talk all about his attitude to something, talk about love, they do. The idealization of the world - their main problem. They need to have the permission of the fact, to express their attitude to anything frankly. So often they choose well they understand the existence of an environment having contact only with her ??because there certainly can say what you think. He likes to tell the truth and hopes that it will be perceived adequately, even if it is someone that hurt. Like, but honestly. He tries to protect itself from intervention in the area of their inner experiences. So often you can hear from him: “do not climb into the soul.” Generally I like to stay away from the objects of adoration more distantly, because then they are much easier to not be disappointed. Ideally, to periodically somewhere absented himself for a long time. May be as a matter of love of animals or even some mystical essence, is not it even easier to maintain self-esteem. If there is a long time in a relationship with someone, you often will sooner or later becomes a moralist, since this is also a good way to get fit someone their ideals about him. In the protection of self-minus will say that everything - the bastards.
4 function of “I want” - the object of intuition. “Oh, you already have a harmonious, perfect world? Giving family, work and go to you!”
Looking for a place to stay where there is no external conflicts, where there is an external harmony, positive atmosphere and avoid places where it is not. According to this principle can and pick up his personal life, work. It can get involved in unexpected ideas for the structure of the world, inspired bold innovative ideas. He loves nature because it is constant, not changing, always calm and harmonious. It inspires any external harmony and dislikes when it is destroyed. If this happens, just go back to where it is, without trying to change something. Often harmony for it is still there, where he feels the center of some of the situation around him “everything revolves.” They love to visit festivals, carnivals, festivals, because they are foreign harmony holiday atmosphere. Usually this type of people absorb the the atmosphere, the harmony, the situation that prevailed at the time when they were children, and then reproduce in their lives is it really love to remember his childhood as something to which they’d like to come back. Very talented people like bearing outer harmony: the creators of art, musicians, artists, poets, sometimes willing to support them, even financially for the opportunity to be in their company, often dragging them to her house to place as if lit outer harmony. Looking for people who believe that all will be well in the future only, believe in a positive future. He does not like the unpredictability, the chaos of the future situation, someone has to help him to seek the correct options to catch the desired capabilities, so it is very suggestible and trusting in matters of decision-making. He likes predictability, to move “from target to target.” If this the sequence is disrupted and unexpected event happens, it may fall into a “stupor”, so usually tries to “podstelit straw”, to provide in advance all the options. A good place for him even where there is an external integrity of the landmark general movement, estimated timetable. For example, I go to college to finish it in 5 years. If it harness to some schedule, schedule, the most out of this would be difficult due to the function Suggestibility. That is instead necessary to give another, more advanced, with a guaranteed “bright future.”
- 1 function “Poor” - object sensation.
They do not like to strain, do not like. It is necessary to make one, second, third, and so want to relax, have a good time. And often the work is a sacrifice of “spree”. Dress is often not very stylish: no whole image, in general appearance they have not “worked out.” They can, for example, not to follow the teeth, if they do not hurt. Do not know how to count money and treat them all: not having time to get them, soon spend, often live in debt. Do not know how to endure, wait to achieve goals achieved. Instead, consider that all this is - evil, and you just need to live happily without attaching any importance to this. Do not attach importance to the actions and deeds of others, as if carried away instead only themselves. Ignore other people’s volitional pressure on myself, something like: “Well, that, and I want to.” Usually they are - very stubborn children who will do everything in its own way and “put pressure” on them can be difficult in this respect. With age, this is less, but still present. If the first function may not operate objectively, its actions are under attack, you can begin to defend themselves: climb into the fray, attacking someone. Thus a person clears the field for its future activities. If a situation arises where there is no way to continue to live in his pleasure, then we have to somehow make themselves work, strain, to earn more money for it.
- 2 the function “Do not” - subjective logic.
Usually he likes to tell about the objective laws, the laws of the world. But the question of why so and not otherwise, to answer it can be quite difficult. That is, knowledge is more important than understanding. Understand the need in only a few cases, such as when it becomes your profession. In other cases, you can just take the knowledge and use them for their practical purposes. Not very fond of arguing for an understanding of anything, because usually it does not give any dividends and it often irritates him in others. Well, do not argue, if you do not know this for sure, if you are not an expert in this field. But if the specialist - then, perhaps, there is little sense to discuss this. That is, there is a certain pattern of understanding, when it still needs to be done. And if someone could go into this territory more often that, it will irritate it more often. Not very, it is concerned with questions and understanding with someone, trying to understand someone else only individual and rare When a situation that is very much “demands”. In a situation where for a long time can not be realized in the world for the second function, sometimes minus the second function may displace the second, creating occasions of inversion. Then they can start to give their understanding, their understanding of the logic of something with a minus sign, to criticize all with these positions. Thus, he begins not only to know how the world works, but also learn to understand it better. Ultimately, this allows him to find it for yourself to work on a second function.
- 3 function “Problem Solving” - object ethics.
To all of you like a circle, their behavior - it is very helpful, and most try to win someone’s liking, work on your positive image. Unfortunately, he resorts to this only when love has no one - all gone. In other cases, he prefers his entourage allowed him “to cut a plain truth.” Stock up the arsenal of tools that allows you to still hold people close to you. This may be the ability to sometimes make compliments, knowledge of psychology, the ability to build bridges, politeness. In matters of the third function of the risks should not be, therefore, when it is not sure - sometimes at first gently distributes compliments working on this function, and only then the people he meet the same and he can believe that they are really “good.” Thus, the problem of self-protection is successfully solved. It is also much easier to love someone, and if they love you. Therefore, to clarify this issue, too, it is very useful from this viewpoint.
- 4 function “do not want to, I’m afraid” - subjective intuition.
It does not like to dive, “inward”, afraid of this. Even more afraid when someone tries to do it for him. The first thing he would say, “do not climb into the soul.” Because of this may seem very superficial, inconsistent man, devoid of “inner core.” Such things as the principles and ideology for him - something too frightening. However, in certain situations, it may consider it acceptable, but very rarely. In other situations, he says that he’s all right, even when it is obviously not the case. But admit it - then fear to invade the area. Dislikes undergo massive emotional attack, since it provokes a change in the internal state that it’s scary. If the fourth function can not find a comfortable location and you can not leave, it can sometimes be included minus fourth. So there are people who love begin to pour out his soul to random passengers on the train, like a new place of work “complain to the vest.” Thus, he seeks contact with the outer harmony of the world and when someone says to him: “Do not worry, everything is bound to be good”, the place becomes at once good and can work again on the fourth function. Once triggered, it can be a good way to give yourself a comfortable place to stay “on the pre-emption.” He can first begin to pour out the soul at the first sign that the place may not be comfortable, and only then include a fourth. And even begin to be curious to issues of internal human problems that then it was easier for them to talk.
Summary description:
Irrationals, which means inner unpredictability (constancy in unpredictability), windy, and vice versa symptoms very standard: clothing, work, “product”. The first function is associated with a highly probable events that can be considered a positive factor due to slightly lower its unpredictability. The main “product” of a highly probable events that can be considered as a negative factor because of its still larger than the standard. The introverted type, which means that he perceives himself to be something separate from the outside world, not something included in it. To itself it seems confusing and complicated, so - quite secretive, he does not like to talk about itself some details. I am pleased to learn their inner world, and the surrounding seems to him simple and intuitive, so he knows how to safely manipulate it, can take a “command” for themselves. Dominant requirements relate to functions focused on themselves rather than on the world around it It allows him easy enough to move from place to place, migrate, adapt to changes in the outside world (the tendency to sanguine temperament - balanced, agile). It also adds to it an element of self-confidence. The active position in life due to the fact that the dominant need is on the first function. Not very active in the work due to the fact that the subdominant need - in the second. Living in the stream of quantitative information, which means the ability to work well, but not always with good efficiency. He can not see what is going in the wrong direction, to do something for nothing. To improve the quality of his actions need someone who will guide him in the right “direction” to give external benchmarks.
Type signs:
eat of (self-confidence zone), right (self zone), Frank (Area experiences), romantic (corruption zone).
Keys to success:
a harmonious location and predictability of the future, finding a nice and interesting people around, physically comfortable and pleasant world, the demand for his ability to deal with the facts and knowledge or the ability to navigate in the rules and the objective laws of the world.
Vocational guidance:
lecturer, lawyer, technical and exact sciences, the mechanic, the appraiser, taster, instructor, clerk, economy, critic, builder, designer, official.
LSE (Stierlitz)
¶
1 function “good” - the logic of the object. “My life - my rules … for everyone!”
It is very self-confident in its existing knowledge lives by external rules, “routine”, “charter”, invented by himself, forcing all its vision of “order of things” in the external situation and the conservative in this vision: who should do what, etc. . All things must be in place, moving them gives him a desire to put them in place. Very much the concept of “my territory”, “boss”, suiting a mess on it irritate people, “Every cricket stick to his last.” The existing order of things is immutable, if you ask why it is necessary to do so, but not otherwise - the answers something like “so necessary”, without giving a reason. As if living in what they do in the surrounding area hands, so a change in this is seen as an attempt to change themselves. Once having learned certain rule - followed him all his life (2 * 2 = 4). The existing old order has to be changed, if he comes to replace the new - it is already bad. The establishment of order in its place carries the status of self-affirmation. Well versed in the rules anything: to do something - how, and in what order you need to act, where to go, what documents. He knows how to assemble and disassemble anything, self-confident in this, can spend hours messing around with a soldering iron, details, to understand the complex mechanisms. If in my world there are stable and unchanging rules of procedure - that I live. If not - then there is no me. On its territory, always feel the main, do not tolerate objections. If the concept of territory he outlined more widely - it can spread this concept to anyone who is on it. For them, the house - it is an impregnable fortress. If they explain something that they understand - sooner or later they will say “clear” and will interrupt you, as to penetrate to the level of understanding they seek. They are interested in the facts of objective reality - and do not need to understand them, often you just have to remember, learn, compare and implement. For example: how to assemble and disassemble the vacuum cleaner - do not need to understand, you just have to remember that where inserted. If the facts of its objective picture worlds are changing - then it is irritating, he needs time to rebuild it. The main criterion of activity - the objective benefits that can be obtained. To live with such a person in one territory can be only by its rules, and sometimes their aims to extend and strangers surrounding area as an extension of their borders seems useful work from the point of view of the person that lives and therefore it “exists” in an even greater extent. At least come somewhere in someone else’s place and start talking, who is supposed to do - quite typical of him. Communicating with them - it does not leave the impression that he is always in the image of the boss bossy, even if he was not empowered this: “take a shovel, dig the potatoes go now.” He does not like those who spend their time wasted, unproductive. He likes to ask again, on what facts established or that the judgment of anyone. The first function of the third: refers to the need to respect their rules for all near and not very good, the environment, since it is in their observance sees pledge of creating external harmony of the world. Therefore, they are always very strictly and meticulously apply to any rules and regulations do not tolerate when someone is late, it violates some instructions. The appearance of a person in their environment, which they ignore, means “double whammy” on it. What he is closer to his personal territory, the greater the stress for the individual.
2 function “must” - the subjective sensation. “I know how to cook sandwiches and I will be glad to someone to compete in it.”
He is a specialist in physical comfort, sensory pleasures, he likes to deliver his people. He likes cooking, approaches this issue is very creative, though sometimes - too creative, as often dishes out too specific. Great experimenter in matters of a wide variety of sensory pleasures, loves their maximum diversity. The proposal to try a rare exotic dish will be seen more often, “with a bang”. Often - good masseurs. Always taking care of loved ones in the physical sense. They know how to create coziness and comfort in some, not intended for this place. Creative and skillful in matters of medicine: if you find that you need to have an operation in the field, they will do it with pleasure without any experience. Generally I like to treat other people and make them healthier body, to conduct experiments on the recovery of the body, to doing it beautiful: hardening, changes in appearance, weight loss. Love also taste anything: unexpected tastes, smells, physical sensations, and give it to the people all around. Worn all day with offers close “but eat berry”, “smell like a flower smells good,” “and you want massazhik do?”, “Maybe you want a candy with jam?”. If someone asks them about some sensory pleasure - it can be difficult to deny, in this context, can sometimes come at a fairly strange territory pleasures simply because someone about something asked. The second function of the third: always concerned about loved ones to the external situation was harmonious. The second of the first and fourth sometimes can act on the principle of “carrot and stick”, he indulges in every way those whom he loves.
3 function “Problems” - an object of intuition. “How to make sure that life was” raspberry “?”
Be careful not to miss anything in life, do not keep up with the possibilities of the outside world. They go all out running, just to stay in place. Their self-esteem is dependent on the external situation integrity, they are very worried that somewhere in this same integrity is broken: for example, someone in the family had a row - is necessary to run urgently “extinguish” the conflict, all to make peace, even if he has matured and all will better it somehow once “razrulit” that this does not come back. Until recently, they cling to relationships, even if they have long been exhausted, so as not to destroy the integrity of the external situation. This can completely undermine themselves, but would not destroy Status Quo. If a neighbor has a vegetable garden, then they should immediately make it if a new film, be sure to see it, to keep up with the world, They can chase fashion. It’s just not the pursuit of external harmony, and the marathon. He likes to be in nature, since it is constant and harmonious at the same time. Dislikes external contradictions, incomprehensibility of the situation, constantly trying to clear it. It seeks to preserve the constancy of life situation, even where it is clearly not possible. In the case of active protection function - it simply upgraded, constantly adapts to the changes of the world, so that all can continue to remain unchanged for some time and the question of the integrity of the external situation is successfully resolved. When passive protection man resigns himself to the fact that this is not possible, and let things take their course, falls short of life and recognizes the impossibility of preserving their idea of the perfect world in the surrounding area. Often they love holidays, traditions, as they also do exactly harmonizing function in society: people are forced to come to terms, to be harmonious with the point of view of the external situation. They want to have it was “like men.” His ideals are trying to objectify in the outside world: to create a perfect, fairy-tale world in which all will be well, perfect. To recognize the impossibility of it - means to kill self-esteem, so they often believe in fairy tales, like movies with “happy endami” to survive is a condition where the outer harmony failed. In general, often pay attention to the signs, horoscopes, tarot cards, often religious: all that can provide at least some possible assistance in building an ideal world, set in motion. Magical worlds can only be built with magical ways.
4 function “I want to” - subjective ethics. “The love of good, and the darling kid.”
Seek to find yourself environment, a place where everyone will like them. If someone does not like it - a reason to change the situation. It is very suggestible, if we speak to him as to who should be treated. When you do not know how to treat someone, you feel uncomfortable, they are in need of people who have them explain it all along the way. Looking for a place for himself, where he will be allowed to communicate to all of its assessment, the attitude. If this is allowed - the place becomes a good. In this regard, it is very suspicious, so trying to find and often rely on any objective data. It is estimated to inspire people close to him, who can use it. So, if, having appeared in some new place, there is such a person - that it will try to catch it was his assessment and then to make them their own. For him, the best place where there is a close and trusted friends circle. He likes the situation in which he precisely and unambiguously sure how and what should be treated “black - white”. If there is no such clarity - that he felt uncomfortable can. He was always very painful to part with the team, in which he worked, and the memories will bring forth therein nostalgia. It hurts to lose a friend, a comrade, a colleague with whom for a long time spoke. The same applies to personal life. Sometimes deliberately provoke a scandal somewhere as a legitimate way to express their attitude to anything, as the other assessment would require the approval of the team, and this assessment can express so. And then to go to its current estimates, that we can safely speak. If he feels for anyone’s feelings - it can all turn a blind eye to all, as it is inspired by love, in his case, it is very blind. It is a feeling that it warms the contrary though any sense. In general, in such a situation the functions develops a very dangerous situation because a person can very easily be programmed to any feelings for anyone, and therefore action. And then simply push to do what he wants. And no hypnosis is not necessary - he will make the best of intentions.
- 1 function “Poor” - subjective logic.
It takes into account only the facts, such a thing as their understanding is completely ignored. Because of this, his knowledge can be very good, but too superficial to deep their understanding. This means that to create something based on them new it is difficult. If he is to explain something, sooner or later, he says, “Understandable” and interrupts you. Dislikes new hypotheses, theories, concepts, since they have not yet checked. It accepts only something that we can safely refer. Generally does not accept long lengthy discussion of the category of “Is there life on Mars?”, Immediately called all windbags. If you tell him that “it is believed that …” then he’ll tear off in mid-sentence, not even giving the finish, “which means there is an opinion? And on what it is based on what evidence? “, Instead of a little think about it. In general, I never get into the theory that he did not need right now in practice. But if you can out of this is something to remove, then yes, a useful thing. He needs to know the “in fact”, and everything else is not interested. This feature means certain narrow-mindedness of thinking, inability to look at the situation from a different perspective. His logic - not very flexible standard. It can be difficult to understand, say, Castaneda and other philosophers, expanding their horizons of thinking concepts. After all, it’s simple and clear: The earth revolves around the sun, and it is - only one of the possible truths on this subject, to understand can be very difficult. It was known that between two points can be carried out only one line, but came Lobachevsky created their geometry and it becomes clear that this is - also a certain convention. So, no “really” can be all in principle. However, when he defends his knowledge or can not ensure the normal operation of the first function, it may be better to try to understand something, make it easier to “fight” to defend the first function. In life, it also ignores such a thing as mutual understanding with people around them, as if trying not to bother with it, such as to adapt to other people. Also, it does not differ curiously, if it is not practical knowledge, so it can “sin” a “die-hard”.
- 2 the function “Do not” - object sensation.
Applications for force him allowed only in the most extreme situations. For example, when you were attacked, and then, perhaps, we can sometimes somehow “get out.” That is some very rare situations, he raises the norm and deviation from this understanding does not like. Therefore, unwarranted use of force does not accept, and rudeness. Not really likes to strain to go to the goal “in that whatever the cost”, to overcome difficulties. During the appearance, but are not to say that makes it very efficient in terms of the ability to create an image. With the money can not handle a lot of fun to spend, sometimes gets into debt. Earn enough standard techniques to cover their small and not very joy and pleasure. Anyway, it is quite difficult to millionaire to become. In a situation where there is no possibility of finding “work” in the field of subjective sensory over time - can sometimes begin to criticize the police actions of others, blame the rudeness, brawling, even “dissolve fists.” This allows him to shorten the distance with the man, to soften it, then you can have it and “regret” hug, “prigolubit”, say: “Come to me, I do regret a little bit,” and the problem of “work” is solved.
- 3 function “Problem Solving” - subeknaya intuition.
If outwardly everything went bad, harmony is not obtained, then the solution of this problem can be searched by the search of harmony interior. Sometimes - in alcohol, sometimes - through “stored” arsenal. This can be a psychologist or auditory training, meditation, and maybe a girlfriend, which is able to lift the mood. In any case, he resorts to this only in situations when “all bad.” AT others may not think about their inner harmony, instead constantl
- 4 function “do not want to, I’m afraid” - the object of ethics.
Afraid of external relations. This means that he does not like all of these statuses, implying a real relationship: friend, companion, wife, cousin. Can escape from it all somewhere in the taiga, in the mountains for a month - another generally move to another city, so that they ceased to be for this time official, significant for him. Better something like: kind of like a friend, like a friend, like a relative and like his wife. It’s easier and to nothing obliges. If someone expresses them clearly their sympathies, they often are afraid of this. It means - just start some kind of relationship with this person, even if he did not reciprocate, that is, it is better to “slip away” somewhere. The best option for them - a relationship without relations. Today, together, tomorrow, not together, the day after tomorrow - together again. commercials families where the wife always on business trips, are seen on the big holidays. However, in any case, some kind of relationship building is necessary, at least with my parents, family, a small circle of friends. But this is the same reason why he can move to live in another city: there is a reason they enter is not very often. If he can not find a comfortable location anywhere and you can not leave this place, you can begin to play the fool, to lift all spirits, to behave according to the external situation, to surrounding people also seemed to him a positive response to all this in the necessary positive way. Then it becomes a good location for the fourth function. In other cases, all of these behavioral norms appear to him as something unnecessary and frightening, usually in the office he heads breaks both his home and work hard to make special someone likes to think it beneath his dignity. The main thing to like yourself, then, maybe someone else will fit.
Summary description:
Rational, which means the internal predictability and consistency. External manifestation contrary very unusual: clothing, work, “product”. The main function is connected with the improbable events that can be considered a positive factor in mind it somewhat smaller than the standard. The main “product” of a highly probable events that can also be considered a positive factor because it reduces the degree of its exaltation. Extraverted type, it means that he sees himself part of the world, not something out of it isolated. To itself it seems clear and simple, so do not hesitate to tell something about themselves and the world around him seems complex, difficult to understand, so he does not know how to manipulate, distribute command. Instead, with his interest in studying. Dominant needs associated with features aimed at the outside world, this means that it is essential to be in a favorable environment, it is difficult to adapt to the aggressive environment for his health (the tendency to phlegmatic temperament - balanced, stationary). Note: The recommendation from the health point of view - to reduce the number of external activity. It knows how to do, as the dominant need is for the second function, but does not have an active lifestyle because of the subdominant in the first. Self-evaluation is not associated with the dominant needs, so it can drop suddenly be enough for him. Living in the stream of quantitative information, which means the ability to work well, but not always with good efficiency. He can not see what is going in the wrong direction, to do something for nothing. To improve the quality of his actions need someone who will guide him in the right “direction” to give external benchmarks.
Type signs:
right (self-confidence zone), eat of (confidence zone), romantic (Area experiences), Frank (corruption zone).
Keys to success:
sympathetic and interesting people where he is, achieving harmony of the world around him and the realization of its possibilities, a world of rules and objective laws, the demand for his ability to create physical comfort.
Vocational guidance:
the specialty services, specializing in the field of nature, a masseur, a builder, beauticians, food sector, medicine, musician, art, manufacture, furniture maker, interior designer, tourism.
EII (Dostoevsky)
¶
1 function “Good” - subjective ethics. “If I do - because I love and will love you forever !!! If you hate - hate so much and I will always hate Islands!!!”
Very affectionate and conservative in his feelings and relationships towards anyone, faithful once had the feeling to someone. If someone with these estimates do not agree - it makes him a strong negative. Once deceived them - becomes for them a liar forever, even if reeducate. On the side is often perceived as a moralist, since his feelings and assessment - the main part of his life. But the fact is that since the main function of “product” does not like to be given out in the world, and often holds in itself - then it happens most often when something irritates him in terms of its assessments. That is, the negative is often seen brighter than positive. Hence, such a false impression of these people can be. Trying to challenge their assessment is useless, just something “good”, and that something “bad”. Explain the reason they will not be able to communicate clearly with the exception of common phrases. He tries to keep himself near those to whom once had positive feelings. They have a very clear division of people into ‘good’ and ‘bad’. “Good” like, as “bad” despise perfect hatred: often hidden, sometimes openly, especially if the person is very much a strong negative causes. If not enough people around him whom he loves, it could provoke in him the latent aggression, since it means that in this world it is not: after all, no one to love. They are very sensitive to such concepts as duty, honor, dignity, morality, of course - in their understanding. There are important own feelings, emotions and attitude to anything, rather than external, public, which may not be given importance. Rarely changed his attitude towards anyone. Especially - from bad to good. It has a huge stock of a wide variety of emotions and their nuances. Very sensitive to deviations from their own morality the people around him as if they continually monitors in this regard and looks after. His positive feelings - this is something that from his point of view, you need to constantly validate the behavior that matches his expectations regarding the “good” - “bad.” In society, it is too heavy in terms of understanding, because their ethics - personal, subjective, and therefore may deviate significantly from the public despite the fact that the people in it very much deeply “sitting”. You have to find just those who agree with it. The first function via a third: refers to the need to protect the health of all the family, which he loves. It can survive their disease even more than their own.
2 function “must” - an object of intuition. “Peace harmonious, and who are not harmonious - tells us the guillotine.”
The purpose of this human life - to improve, harmonize the world, to build the integrity of the external situation. So sometimes they are quite ruthless to those who would destroy it. Skillful maneuvering capabilities in flow - their horse and they approach this issue very creatively. They know what and how you can improve elsewhere. They know how to make out the situation in the parts and assemble in a more harmonious, upgraded sound, generators are often bold ideas “bestow happiness of mankind.” Look for a place where there is chaos, there to all adjust. They know how to help a person to understand some complex external problem in an original way, “razrulivat” external conflicts between people to finish something for others, have the talent innovator. Sometimes, however, some business they may unwittingly end up not lead, because then they become unnecessary. Therefore, the perfect world for them - it is a dead world, something to improve it should always be. May often seek to use art as a way to create external harmony, able to create a harmonious atmosphere anywhere. “Storytellers”, seeking to create a situation of perfect peace, perfect people. But that’s really living in it does not always fit, often can see the solution to this “Nesostykovochka” in need “drastic measures” to them. They like to educate people, say, thrown by someone near the urn bottle can provoke them to it, even if it is not safe in any situation, as it is - their “product”. The second function of the third: harmonize the world in terms of its safety, security and health. Can be a lot of talk about it. The second function of the first and fourth: sometimes try to improve the world for its estimates in terms of the ethics of something, and everywhere the establishment of a procedure.
3 function “Problems” - the subjective sensation. “Sandwiches must be safe for health and healthy!”
Most of the worries cause health issues, utility / harmfulness, and reliability is evident. They often - walking guides to medicine, know when to take that in the event of sickness. These questions are the area of self-esteem, so in these matters, they are not afraid to overdo it: winter swimming, training, jogging in the morning, drink specialty products to promote health. Often addicted and alternative medicine, their interest in attracting all that can somehow improve health, they are always talking about it. The slightest danger to him they perceive very boyaznenno: when it’s cold - they are the first to notice that an urgent need to dress warmer. Can ask to reduce the speed when someone goes quickly by car. Any threat to health is considered invalid, even taking off screw door of the car is perceived as a potential threat to their lives and refuse to move in a way, always check the equipment, the equipment on the most insignificant occasion, never entrust the “packed your parachute,” someone else. If they have any health problems, then this is for them a serious blow to self-esteem. With active protection functions will still seek to prove their physical consistency, to be torn in the front row “into the breach” (say, the first to run on clean-pull of gravity), and passive They will say: “Yes, I’m old and sick.” Anything that can confirm them by their physical consistency, is it done in the first place. Therefore, they love exercise as a way to prove that they are still “hoo”. The worst punishment for them - lie helplessly sick in bed in front of other people. They like to feel safe in medical terms from the organization in which they work. They - of the hostages of the word “useful”, especially if it relates to health. Usually very care about social protection, duty to the people of the state, because they are afraid to get into a situation where “no one will file a glass of water.” To convince yourself that health is all right, for them it is desirable to periodically somehow feel his body strength: hiking, climbing, marathon, triathlon, etc. If the test is passed, the health and can not be “something wrong.”
4 function of “I want” - the logic of the object. “It is a pity that civilians do not live according to the ordinance.”
Inspires facts, figures, often misses a deaf ear to all but them. He likes to be in places where knows what the situation is - what to do. Inspires external order of things, which was at the time his upbringing: the political system, social norms, etc. Therefore it is extremely sensitive to social change: as long as the order of things has not changed: “God forbid you live in interesting times.” Always moves in the direction of the highest order and places carefully avoids chaos, inspired by the order and very upset that he did not change then. In this connection, sometimes it attracts work in military structures, which has the force of statute. It is important that the situation elsewhere has been organized in accordance with his usual rules and laws do not contradict the facts of objective reality. It is also important to know who and where it should be, what to do. What documents need to collect, for what purpose, where they have to apply and how to fill. Most feel comfortable in a situation of definitive rules of action, without any admixture of subjectivity “in the case of something - to do something-something.” Knowledge of the facts is often replaced in a particular situation a true understanding of its problems. Why it becomes superficial, just vault statistics noted by objective laws and regulations. He does not like long and detailed explanations. Immediately interrupts and says, “Well, in short, that there” really? “. There is a view that he wants to get a ready solution, usually, but not its justification. Eg. “2 * 2 = 4” Even rule. Loves terms, sometimes you can just tell them and they they will be enough. He does not like those who are destroying the norms of behavior in some situations, for example, it breaks the chain of command. Particularly inspired by the facts, which sees with his own eyes, if you can touch it. Therefore, it may often become a victim of fraud, which they are able to provide such “fried facts “, especially if it is clearly (” sleight of hand and no moshenstva “).
- 1 function “Poor” - object ethics.
Ignore the outside, the real relations between people in order to please their senses and their relation to something. Thus, could easily make enemies. Indeed, in one situation need to behave this way, and in another - some sort. The celebration is not necessary to sort things out, but the wedding is not worth a fuss. But he I do not see, because this function is pushed out of his mind and all it can do easily. Can demonstratively ignore external relations, as though not recognizing their importance: “Well, what if the husband and wife, I can see that they look at each other without the sincere feelings.” As if every external relations - a complementary attribute of internal relations. Legally married - it’s just an external confirmation of these same feelings if they are not, then it - no relation, and fiction. However, sometimes, when they can not work on the first feature comfortable, exposed on it attacks, defend against it or just talking on the themes object of ethics, they can they start to criticize, analyze, working on this function. In the end - begin to see them, at least partially, and to take into account. Then all these points, at least, it does not bear the same trouble as before. The concept of behavioral norms for them - something very strange, they do not even try to follow them. Completely replace the concept of its assessment of these same standards, resulting sometimes laugh at funerals may become the norm, if you think so (but that, of course, very much exaggerated example).
- 2 the function “Do not” - subjective intuition.
He has a small set of relevant patterns of internal states, which he tries to fit himself and demand the same from others at the funeral should be upset at the holidays - be in high spirits, etc. Those who do the opposite - are wrong. Ideas and principles for it - is also something that is sometimes, but rarely needed, but as a statement of the form to achieve some goal, rather than on their own. In a situation where a person can not find a job for the second function may begin to criticize the ideas and principles of others, thereby better delves into their internal problems. This allows you to adjust its work to harmonize the external world, to match the real living people, not a “magic man”.
- 3 function “Problems” - object sensation.
If the “peaceful means” you can not come into contact with health, we have to take drastic measures are tough: hiking in the mountains, winter swimming, martial arts, exhausting diet, fasting marathons. That is, the worse the health of the more exhausting yourself all of this. If all so good, then all can be limited to collecting hobby medicine and ways to protect against the slightest threat to health. And if there are problems, then people will be more work on the creation of themselves “combat-ready fighting unit.” It may begin to perceive your sexual stamina as a way to prove their health and begin to get involved in extreme sports: in fact the person who can be alloyed in the kayak on the mountain river - can not be weak.
- 4 function “do not want to, I’m afraid” - subjective logic.
He does not like long explanations, since they are afraid of him. He does not like to go into some kind of knowledge. Just I know the fact that “so-and-so.” For example, according to statistics 10% of people sitting on the internet at night. But try to understand the meaning of these facts - it is not necessary, it is better, let’s figure out how we can use it to their advantage. Because of this, his knowledge is often “sin” superficial, shallow. As if people had read the encyclopedia and it goes everywhere quoted. But dig deeper - do not understand that. He does not know how to put yourself in the other person, not trying to figure it out. In the reasoning of others catches only the facts, statistics, and at the time of interrupting an explanation remarks like: “No, I do not have to explain anything, just tell me how it really”, because he is frightened. It may suddenly find that something he knew not - well, why, it’s uncomfortable, scary? And so, without going to the area, you can simply “play” the facts and still benefit from it. After all, you can not argue with them. Also, he does not know how to explain something. Knowledge can shine, but to be able to interpret them correctly - no. Therefore, if it is asked to explain something, help to understand - you may want to escape from there. At the same time, if you run away from uncomfortable place you can not, it can raise these issues. For example, tell a little that he understands. Someone will correct it and unwittingly begins to operate at the same facts, refer to any factual material. Thus, the place will once again be comfortable for him. Can remember the reception and then there is little interest in this even to hint at the fact that the place becomes uncomfortable - again to say something that he understands translating this maneuver the conversation to the facts.
Summary description:
Rational, which means the internal predictability and consistency. External manifestation contrary very unusual: clothing, work, “product”. The first function is related to highly probable events, making it even more conservative and may be considered as a negative factor. The main “product” is connected with the improbable events, and it can also be considered as a negative factor due to its even greater exaltation. All together it gives the effect of the complexity of understanding with the outside world: inside - too conservative, and outside - is too exalted, his work can be seen by no one recognized. The introverted type, which means that he perceives himself to be something separate from the outside world, not something included in it. To itself it seems confusing and complicated, so - quite secretive, he does not like to talk about itself some details. I am pleased to learn their inner world, and the surrounding it seems simple and straightforward, so he knows how to safely manipulate it, can take a “command” for themselves. Dominant requirements relate to functions focused on themselves and not on the surrounding world. This allows him easy enough to move from place to place, migrate, adapt to changes in the outside world (the tendency to sanguine temperament - balanced, agile). It also adds to it an element of self-confidence. The active position in life due to the fact that the dominant need is on the first function. Not very active in the work due to the fact that the subdominant need - in the second. Living in a stream of high-quality information, which means the ability to see well the right direction, but to benefit from it are not always due to the inability to work on it. It is very useful to find an assistant who can work, which would have helped him to achieve the desired objectives.
Type signs:
frank (overconfidence area), romantic (self zone), eat of (experience zone), the right (the corruption of the zone).
Keys to success:
rules, procedures, laws and the facts on the location; health and social protection; pleasing and beloved world; demand for his ability to create harmony in the world.
Career guidance:
a peacemaker, music, legislation, optimizer, medicine, interior designer, teacher, builder, specializing in the field of nature and food, art. |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.