[{"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230610180155/https://verafiles.org/articles/vera-files-fact-check-this-is-not-a-photo-of-a-101-year-old-woman-holding-her-newborn-child", "date": "2023-07-04", "label": "Refuted", "location": "", "questions": [{"input_images": ["67878fcce2f02e5f498136dd#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "Rosa Camfield, a 101-year-old woman featured in a photo holding her great-granddaughter, has died.", "source_url": "https://www.goodmorningamerica.com/news/story/101-year-grandmother-heartwarming-viral-photo-dies-30030176", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Who is the lady in the photograph?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "Rosa Camfield, who reportedly passed away Wednesday, lived in Chandler with her oldest daughter. She is survived by three children, five grandchildren and 10 great-grandchildren, including young Kayla Rowland.", "source_url": "https://ktar.com/arizona-news/photo-of-arizona-woman-with-great-granddaughter-goes-viral/99073/", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "How many children did Rosa Camfield have?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}], "justification": "The claim that the woman has given birth to her 17th child is successfully refuted because evidence shows she had only three children and was photographed holding a great-granddaughter prior to her death.", "claim_text": "Photo shows a 101-year-old woman who has given birth to her 17th child.", "claim_images": ["67878fcce2f02e5f498136dd#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "The Love for Babies", "transcription": "", "media_source": "", "original_claim_url": "", "reporting_source": "Facebook", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Reverse Image Search", "Fact-checker Reference"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230609035730/https://newschecker.in/fact-check/politics/odisha-train-accident-images-of-morbi-hospital-being-refurbished-shared-as-cuttack-hospital-renovation-ahead-of-pm-modis-visit", "date": "2023-06-03", "label": "Refuted", "location": "IN", "questions": [{"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "03/06/2023", "source_url": "Metadata", "source_medium": "Metadata"}], "question": "When was this claim made?", "answer_method": "Metadata", "question_type": ["Metadata-related"]}, {"input_images": ["6787a513e2f02e5f49815c30#INPUT#1#0.jpg", "6787a513e2f02e5f49815c30#INPUT#1#1.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "01 Nov 2022", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230609181026/https://www.outlookindia.com/national/aap-congress-slams-pm-modi-as-morbi-civil-hospital-paints-to-hide-flaws-ahead-of-his-visit-news-233848", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "When were these images first reported in a news article? ", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Abstractive", "answer_text": "The article is about the painting and cleaning of a hospital in preparation for PM Modi's visit, following the collapse of a suspension bridge in Gujarat's Morbi district, which resulted in the deaths of more than 130 people.", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230609181026/https://www.outlookindia.com/national/aap-congress-slams-pm-modi-as-morbi-civil-hospital-paints-to-hide-flaws-ahead-of-his-visit-news-233848", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "What was the article about? ", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Abstractive", "answer_text": " The incident took place on June 2nd, 2023. ", "source_url": "https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/odisha-train-accident-ashwini-vaishnaw-naveen-patnaik-and-mamata-banerjee-visit-site/article66927101.ece", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "When did the Odisha train accident take place? ", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}], "justification": "The claim is successfully refuted because evidence shows the images were taken in November, 2022 in preparation for a Modi visit after a bridge collapse, whereas the Odisha train incident did not happen until June of 2023.", "claim_text": "Images show the renovation of the Cuttack hospital just before PM Modi\u2019s arrival  to meet the victims of the Odisha train accident.", "claim_images": ["6787a513e2f02e5f49815c30#CLAIM#0.jpg", "6787a513e2f02e5f49815c30#CLAIM#1.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "@iamyournaveen", "transcription": "", "media_source": "https://archive.ph/886yS/1037b8f782ce4fbbec564d7845067fe687c173f3.jpg", "original_claim_url": "https://archive.ph/886yS#selection-357.0-525.16", "reporting_source": "Twitter", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Reverse Image Search"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230629073625/https://leadstories.com/hoax-alert/2023/06/fact-check-photos-do-not-prove-hobby-lobby-is-selling-satanic-statues.html", "date": "2023-06-13", "label": "Refuted", "location": "US", "questions": [{"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "Hobby Lobby Stores, Inc., formerly Hobby Lobby Creative Centers, is an American retail company. It owns a chain of arts and crafts stores with a volume of over $5 billion in 2018.", "source_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hobby_Lobby", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "What is Hobby Lobby?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": ["6787dee1e2f02e5f4981b14e#INPUT#1#0.jpg", "6787dee1e2f02e5f4981b14e#INPUT#1#1.jpg", "6787dee1e2f02e5f4981b14e#INPUT#1#2.jpg", "6787dee1e2f02e5f4981b14e#INPUT#1#3.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Abstractive", "answer_text": "They are AI images created by Waster_Space. This is their comment on the images: Hobby Lobby if they had \"Satanic\" merchandise...(literally done in 5 mins...if I had known the images would be shared so many times, I would have spent more time on them)", "source_url": "https://www.artzone.ai/images/7f6126f1-967e-4c79-860f-f19a6eef290f", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "What stores are these images from?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}], "justification": "The claim is refuted by proving that the images were created with AI by Waster_Space for satirical purposes.", "claim_text": "Photos show that the craft store chain Hobby Lobby is selling demonic statues. ", "claim_images": ["6787dee1e2f02e5f4981b14e#CLAIM#0.jpg", "6787dee1e2f02e5f4981b14e#CLAIM#1.jpg", "6787dee1e2f02e5f4981b14e#CLAIM#2.jpg", "6787dee1e2f02e5f4981b14e#CLAIM#3.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "Carousel Studios", "transcription": "", "media_source": "", "original_claim_url": "", "reporting_source": "Facebook ", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Reverse Image Search", "Fact-checker Reference"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240723112024/https://checkyourfact.com/2023/07/03/fact-check-image-titan-ocean-floor/", "date": "2023-06-21", "label": "Refuted", "location": "", "questions": [{"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "As search and rescue teams continue to comb the North Atlantic for a missing submersible that vanished on a trip to the Titanic wreck site, \"CBS Sunday Morning\" correspondent David Pogue gave insight as to what might have happened to the vessel.\n\nPogue, who was aboard the Titan for a story last year, said the vessel should be bobbing on the ocean's surface given that features allow it to rise from the depths of the sea without electricity, even if everyone aboard is passed out.\n\nBut if it isn't floating, he said, that \"could only mean two things: either they got snagged on something on the bottom of the sea, which is pretty unlikely. There's nothing there but the Titanic. Or there was a breach in the hull and it instantly imploded.\"", "source_url": "https://www.cbsnews.com/news/what-happened-to-missing-titanic-submarine-david-pogue-oceangate-possible-scenarios/", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "What happened to the submersible Titan?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "Martine Industry News reports that pieces of the missing submersible Titan have been found approximately 500m from the bow of the Titanic, including its titanium nose cone and its tail piece. The pattern of the debris is said to be consistent with \u201ca catastrophic implosion\u201d. The US Coast Guard says it will continue to investigate the site of the debris field, but has not confirmed if it will be possible to locate and recover the bodies of the five victims.", "source_url": "https://powerboatandrib.com/general-news/pieces-of-the-missing-submersible-titan-have-been-found/", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Was the missing submersible Titan ever found?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": ["6787e7eee2f02e5f4981c2b7#INPUT#2#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Abstractive", "answer_text": "The website shows the image with the following description: The stern section of Titanic and surrounding debris, with the submersible Alvin under the fantail, as they appeared during the 1986 Ballard/WHOI exploration.", "source_url": "http://www.kenmarschall.com/wreck.html#Num5", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "What famous painting is this?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}], "justification": "The claim is refuted initially by proving that the Titan imploded and, secondly, by proving that the image shows the Alvin during an exploration dive to the Titanic.", "claim_text": "An image shows the missing submersible Titan near the wreckage of the Titanic.", "claim_images": ["6787e7eee2f02e5f4981c2b7#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "@Santa_Hustler", "transcription": "", "media_source": "", "original_claim_url": "https://x.com/Santa_Hustler/status/1671787050448703488?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw", "reporting_source": "Twitter", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240822171903/https://leadstories.com/hoax-alert/2023/07/fact-check-no-evidence-massive-vote-discrepancy-found-in-2022-arizona-midterm-election.html", "date": "2023-06-25", "label": "Not Enough Evidence", "location": "US", "questions": [{"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Unanswerable", "answer_text": "No answer could be found."}], "question": "How many voters were there in Arizona during the 2022 midterm election?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Abstractive", "answer_text": "It is a report released by an organization called America First Policy Institute. One of the authors is John Lott.", "source_url": "https://americafirstpolicy.com/issues/voter-discrepancies-found-in-the-arizona-2022-general-election", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "What is the name of the  report mentioned in the claim?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}], "justification": "The information provided only states the source of the study. There is no evidence whatsoever that the claim is accurate, unbiased, or based on fact.", "claim_text": "A new study proves 8,000 more ballots were counted than voters who actually voted in Arizona during the 2022 midterm election.", "claim_images": ["6787eaf9e2f02e5f4981c66a#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "@BehizyTweets", "transcription": "", "media_source": "", "original_claim_url": "https://x.com/BehizyTweets/status/1673384270616997890?t=4PlsRFZ9xKMHeintNW1Puw&s=03", "reporting_source": "Twitter", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Numerical Comparison", "Consultation"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Textual refuted"], "image_misuse_types": [], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230611152219/https://newschecker.in/fact-check/cropped-image-of-iskcon-temple-near-odisha-train-accident-site-viral-with-false-communal-claim", "date": "2023-06-03", "label": "Refuted", "location": "IN", "questions": [{"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Boolean", "answer_text": "Yes", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230610104954/https://www.reuters.com/world/india/deadly-indian-rail-crash-shifts-focus-new-trains-safety-2023-06-03/", "source_medium": "Web text", "boolean_explanation": "A passenger train went off the tracks and hit another in the eastern state of Odisha."}], "question": "Was there a multi-train collision in Odisha?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "03/06/2023", "source_url": "Metadata", "source_medium": "Metadata"}], "question": "What is the date of the claim?", "answer_method": "Metadata", "question_type": ["Metadata-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "2 June, 2023...\n", "source_url": "https://www.onmanorama.com/news/india/2023/06/03/here-is-a-look-at-some-of-india-most-tragic-train-mishaps.html", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "What date did the Odisha train crash happen?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Boolean", "answer_text": "Yes", "source_url": "https://x.com/manogyaloiwal/status/1665619212553842693?t=p2c5osDPzEsbThIK2Q1BQw&s=19", "source_medium": "Web text", "boolean_explanation": "An under construction \niskcon Temple"}], "question": "Where any buildings near the crash site that looked like a mosque or temple?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Boolean", "answer_text": "No", "source_url": "https://iskconremuna.org/", "source_medium": "Web text", "boolean_explanation": "It as a Krishna Consciousness temple."}], "question": "Is the an iskcon\n Temple a mosque?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "We appeal to all concerned to desist from circulating such false and ill-motivated posts, trying to create communal disharmony. Odisha Police\n@odisha_police", "source_url": "https://x.com/odisha_police/status/1665279745226063873?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Were there any official release's on the communal aspect of the train crash mentioned in the claim?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}], "justification": "The claim is refuted by proving that the structure near the wreckage is a Krishna Consciousness temple, and not a mosque. The refutation is bolstered with a statement from Odisha police requesting cessation of the rumors.", "claim_text": "The multi-train collision in Odisha\u2019s Balasore that claimed at least 275 lives happened near a mosque.", "claim_images": ["67882ce6e2f02e5f4981f208#CLAIM#0.jpg", "67882ce6e2f02e5f4981f208#CLAIM#1.jpg", "67882ce6e2f02e5f4981f208#CLAIM#2.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "The Random Indian", "transcription": "", "media_source": "", "original_claim_url": "https://archive.is/f6PGV", "reporting_source": "Twitter", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Consultation", "Reverse Image Search", "Image Analysis", "Geolocation"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230620133419/https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/factcheck/2023/06/16/no-map-does-not-show-2020-election-results-in-california-fact-check/70318743007/", "date": "2023-06-01", "label": "Refuted", "location": "US", "questions": [{"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Abstractive", "answer_text": "Joe Biden won with more than 60% across the state.", "source_url": "v/2020-general/sov/complete-sov.pdf", "source_medium": "PDF"}], "question": "Who won the state of California in the 2020 election?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Abstractive", "answer_text": "The last time California chose a Republican Presidential candidate was in 1988 with George Bush.", "source_url": "https://www.270towin.com/states/California", "source_medium": "Web table"}], "question": "When was the last time a Republican party Presidential candidate won in the state of California?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67888820e2f02e5f498207ad#INPUT#2#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Image", "source_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/2020_United_States_presidential_election_in_California_results_map_by_census_block_group.svg/320px-2020_United_States_presidential_election_in_California_results_map_by_census_block_group.svg.png", "source_medium": "Image/graphic", "image_answers": ["67888820e2f02e5f498207ad#ANSWER#2#0#0.jpg"]}], "question": "What did the map of Presidential election results look like in 2020?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}], "justification": "The claim is refuted by showing the actual 2020 certified results map from California and by proving that a Republican candidate has not won the state since 1988.", "claim_text": "Map of California reflects the state's certified results from the 2020 presidential election. ", "claim_images": ["67888820e2f02e5f498207ad#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "@GregRubini", "transcription": "", "media_source": "", "original_claim_url": "https://archive.org/details/20230613_20230613_1956", "reporting_source": "Facebook", "claim_types": ["Numerical Claim", "Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Consultation", "Fact-checker Reference"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230926023813/https://checkyourfact.com/2023/07/27/fact-check-image-fuel-truck-partisans/", "date": "2023-07-19", "label": "Refuted", "location": "UA", "questions": [{"input_images": ["67892a9ce2f02e5f498294f1#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "KamAZ 6\u00d76 tanker.", "source_url": "https://x.com/naalsio26/status/1682117921814855680?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "What sort of truck is the damaged truck in the image?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "20/07/2023", "source_url": "Metadata", "source_medium": "Metadata"}], "question": "What is the date of the claim?", "answer_method": "Metadata", "question_type": ["Metadata-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "Chernihiv Oblast.", "source_url": "https://x.com/naalsio26/status/1682117921814855680?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Where was the Kamaz Tanker blown up?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "28 February 2022.", "source_url": "https://x.com/naalsio26/status/1682117921814855680?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "When did the Kamaz Tanker in Chernihiv Oblast get destroyed?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "WarSpotting, a website that tracks Russian losses.", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230727142743/https://ukr.warspotting.net/view/4005/33689/", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "What is the legitimate source that reports Russian losses?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Boolean", "answer_text": "Yes", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230727142743/https://ukr.warspotting.net/view/4005/33689/", "source_medium": "Web text", "boolean_explanation": "KamAZ 6x6 tanker marked captured and damaged on 28 February 2022 in Chernihiv Oblast."}], "question": "Does Warspotting report the loss of KamAZ 6x6 tanker on 28 February 2022 in Chernihiv Oblast?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}], "justification": "Based on evidence, the image shows a KamAZ 6\u00d76 tanker that was blown up in Chernihiv Oblast on 28 February 2022. Moreover, according to a legitimate source that reports Russian losses, the KamAZ 6x6 tanker was marked captured and damaged on 28 February 2022 in Chernihiv Oblast.", "claim_text": "Photo shows a Russian fuel truck recently destroyed by Ukrainian partisans in Kherson oblast.", "claim_images": ["67892a9ce2f02e5f498294f1#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "@NOELreports", "transcription": "", "media_source": "", "original_claim_url": "https://x.com/NOELreports/status/1681346661216403665", "reporting_source": "Twitter", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Reverse Image Search"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240624153950/https://factly.in/2015-photo-of-a-dalit-familys-naked-protest-shared-as-a-picture-depicting-the-persecution-of-a-christian-pastors-family-in-uttar-pradesh/", "date": "2023-07-26", "label": "Refuted", "location": "IN", "questions": [{"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "27/07/2023", "source_url": "Metadata", "source_medium": "Metadata"}], "question": "When was the claim made?", "answer_method": "Metadata", "question_type": ["Metadata-related"]}, {"input_images": ["6789d5a0e2f02e5f4982f194#INPUT#1#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Boolean", "answer_text": "Yes", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20231028170127/https://www.indiatoday.in/mail-today/story/dalit-famly-bares-it-all-after-greater-noida-police-fails-to-register-their-fir-267392-2015-10-09", "source_medium": "Web text", "boolean_explanation": "There is an article in India Today."}], "question": "Are there any articles that use the same image as the claim?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "Oct 10, 2015 ", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20231028170127/https://www.indiatoday.in/mail-today/story/dalit-famly-bares-it-all-after-greater-noida-police-fails-to-register-their-fir-267392-2015-10-09", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "What date was the article in India Today published?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": ["6789d5a0e2f02e5f4982f194#INPUT#3#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "Dankaur area in Uttar Pradesh's Gautam Budh Nagar", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20231028170127/https://www.indiatoday.in/mail-today/story/dalit-famly-bares-it-all-after-greater-noida-police-fails-to-register-their-fir-267392-2015-10-09", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Where was the photo taken?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "Media reports said that the Dalit couple resorted to nude protest after the Greater Noida police failed to register their FIR of an alleged robbery despite their requests.", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20231028170127/https://www.indiatoday.in/mail-today/story/dalit-famly-bares-it-all-after-greater-noida-police-fails-to-register-their-fir-267392-2015-10-09", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "What was the reason that the people in the image were naked?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}], "justification": "The claim is successfully refuted by proving that the image was taken in 2015 and depicts a naked protest of inadequate police services, not a 2023 public parade for gospel preaching.", "claim_text": "Photo showing a pastor\u2019s family being publicly paraded naked for preaching the gospel in Uttar Pradesh.", "claim_images": ["6789d5a0e2f02e5f4982f194#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "", "transcription": "", "media_source": "", "original_claim_url": "", "reporting_source": "Facebook", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Consultation", "Reverse Image Search"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240619205833/https://www.sochfactcheck.com/the-oldest-olive-tree-is-in-greece-not-israel/", "date": "2023-06-23", "label": "Refuted", "location": "IL", "questions": [{"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "3500 years Old", "source_url": "https://www.facebook.com/AmazingphotosinGreece/posts/-the-worlds-oldest-olive-tree-in-greece-this-olive-tree-in-crete-island-is-3500-/4181565581934916/", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "What is the age of the worlds oldest olive tree?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "Greece.", "source_url": "https://www.facebook.com/AmazingphotosinGreece/posts/-the-worlds-oldest-olive-tree-in-greece-this-olive-tree-in-crete-island-is-3500-/4181565581934916/", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Where is the worlds oldest olive tree located?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}], "justification": "The claim is successfully refuted by proving that the tree in the image is a 3500-year-old tree in Greece.", "claim_text": "The world\u2019s oldest olive tree is found in Jerusalem, Israel and is estimated to be over 3000 years old.", "claim_images": ["678a1258e2f02e5f498301f3#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "Israel \u2013 Land of milk and honey", "transcription": "", "media_source": "", "original_claim_url": "https://ghostarchive.org/archive/wjOqL", "reporting_source": "Facebook", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Reverse Image Search"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240525044610/https://cambodia.factcrescendo.com/english/an-old-image-of-an-ex-opposition-supporter-unrelated-to-the-2023-election/", "date": "2023-07-31", "label": "Refuted", "location": "KH", "questions": [{"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "Mr. Ny Nak \"is very much at odds with the head of the royal government.\"", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240624004008/https://khmer.voanews.com/a/farming-entrepreneur-jailed-after-sarcasms-on-prime-minister/5698635.html", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Who is Ny Nak?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "2023", "source_url": "Metadata", "source_medium": "Metadata"}], "question": "What is the claim date for the Cambodia national election?", "answer_method": "Metadata", "question_type": ["Metadata-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Boolean", "answer_text": "Yes", "source_url": "https://archive.ph/ZsZey", "source_medium": "Web text", "boolean_explanation": "He confirmed it with a photo on his Facebook account,"}], "question": "Did Mr Ny Nak vote in the 2023 election?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Abstractive", "answer_text": "8.21 million voters turned for the controversial poll The figure is equivalent to 84.58 percent of the country\u2019s total registered voters.", "source_url": "https://www.facebook.com/CambodiaNEC/posts/pfbid0YAQ8pusqUcgAhGDtGhWnhG1mfzkzQY98siMqCmDd9d9wLckVXq3XpswGcJyfUj2gl", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Was voter turnout low in the 2023 national  election in Cambodia.", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}], "justification": "The claim is successfully refuted by showing evidence that Ny Nak did vote in the 2023 election. However, Ny Nak is incorrectly identified as \"very much at odds with the royal government.\" He is an agricultural entrepreneur who was satirizing the government. Also, there is no metadata that indicates the claim date. It appears in the claim.", "claim_text": "Image shows ex-opposition supporter Ny Nak did not vote or get his index finger inked  because voter turnout was low in the 2023 Cambodia national election.", "claim_images": ["678a2970e2f02e5f49830bda#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "Khmer Blood National Rescue", "transcription": "", "media_source": "", "original_claim_url": "https://archive.ph/1SIzV", "reporting_source": "Facebook", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Consultation"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240724185240/https://checkyourfact.com/2023/07/06/fact-check-photo-french-protesters-movie-scene/", "date": "2023-07-02", "label": "Refuted", "location": "FR", "questions": [{"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "02/07/2023", "source_url": "Metadata", "source_medium": "Metadata"}], "question": "What is the date the claim?", "answer_method": "Metadata", "question_type": ["Metadata-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Boolean", "answer_text": "Yes", "source_url": "https://www.pennmedicine.org/departments-and-centers/anesthesiology-and-critical-care/inclusion-diversity-and-equity/what-we-are-reading-and-watching", "source_medium": "Web text", "boolean_explanation": "A week of riots. The violence began on June 27\u2014the day that 17-year-old Nahel Merzouk was killed by a policeman"}], "question": "Where there any French riots around the time of the claim?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": ["678a4042e2f02e5f498329d8#INPUT#2#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Abstractive", "answer_text": "It is shown to be a still from a movie called Athena.", "source_url": "https://x.com/i/status/1562003092534599680", "source_medium": "Video"}], "question": "Is the claim image from the Riots over Nahel Merzouk being shot by police?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Unanswerable", "answer_text": "No answer could be found."}], "question": "Were there any reports about vehicles being seized during the riots?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "Forty vehicles were set on fire during violence that gripped several cities in the Paris region,", "source_url": "https://www.rfi.fr/en/france/20230628-dozens-arrested-in-paris-night-of-violence-after-police-shoot-dead-teen-driver", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Were there any reports involving vehicles made during the riots?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}], "justification": "The claim is successfully refuted by proving that the image is a still shot from the movie Athena.", "claim_text": "French protesters are shown seizing a police vehicle.", "claim_images": ["678a4042e2f02e5f498329d8#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "Der Trzaskal", "transcription": "", "media_source": "", "original_claim_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230707020416/https://twitter.com/Trzaskal/status/1675479836729409539", "reporting_source": "Twitter", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Media Source Discovery"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240718013525/https://www.thequint.com/news/webqoof/first-telephone-gujarat-sabarmati-ashram-mahatma-gandhi-table-fact-check", "date": "2023-07-29", "label": "Refuted", "location": "IN", "questions": [{"input_images": ["678ab6a4e2f02e5f4983d9b0#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Boolean", "answer_text": "No", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20241005060506/https://www.gettyimages.in/detail/news-photo/indian-statesman-and-activist-mohandas-karamchand-gandhi-on-news-photo/102702249?adppopup=true", "source_medium": "Web text", "boolean_explanation": "Indian statesman and activist Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (1869 - 1948) on the phone at Sevagram Ashram, India, 1941"}], "question": "Does the image in the claim show Sabamarti Ashram?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Boolean", "answer_text": "No", "source_url": "https://sevagramashram.org.in/index.php/about-us/", "source_medium": "Web text", "boolean_explanation": "It is located in Maharashtra, not Gujarat."}], "question": "Is Sevagram Ashram In Gujarat?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "first magneto exchange was inaugurated for the Ahmadabad (Ahmedabad) city near the Panchkuva gate on 17 July 1897. It had 34 subscribers.", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230815233342mp_/https://indianculture.gov.in/gazettes/gazetteer-india-gujarat-state-ahmadabad-district", "source_medium": "Image/graphic"}], "question": "Where was the first telephone in Gujarat installed?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "set up in 1915 by Mahatma Gandhi on returning from South Africa.", "source_url": "https://www.thehindu.com/features/friday-review/history-and-culture/Visiting-the-Sabarmati-ashram/article16185915.ece", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "When was the Sabarmati Ashram set up?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}], "justification": "QA pairs successfully refute the claim. The first telephone in Gujarat was installed in Ahmedabad, near the Panchkuva Gate, on 17 July 1897, not at Sabarmati Ashram, which was established in 1915 by Mahatma Gandhi upon his return from South Africa.", "claim_text": "The first telephone in Gujarat was installed at Sabarmati Ashram.", "claim_images": ["678ab6a4e2f02e5f4983d9b0#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "Vivek Pandey", "transcription": "", "media_source": "", "original_claim_url": "https://archive.is/20Sl7", "reporting_source": "Twitter", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Reverse Image Search", "Video Analysis"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240718013525/https://www.thequint.com/news/webqoof/first-telephone-gujarat-sabarmati-ashram-mahatma-gandhi-table-fact-check", "date": "2023-07-28", "label": "Refuted", "location": "IN", "questions": [{"input_images": ["678aba3ae2f02e5f4983db92#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "Indian statesman and activist Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (1869 - 1948) on the phone at Sevagram Ashram, India, 1941.", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20241005060506/https://www.gettyimages.in/detail/news-photo/indian-statesman-and-activist-mohandas-karamchand-gandhi-on-news-photo/102702249?adppopup=true", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "What does the photo in the claim show?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Abstractive", "answer_text": "he Government of India granted license to the Oriental Telephone Company Limited of England for opening Telephone Exchanges at Bombay (Mumbai), Calcutta (Kolkata), Madras (Chennai), Karachi, and Ahmedabad.", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240806145936/https://www.calcutta.bsnl.co.in/mainfooter/MainFooter_Company.html", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Who installed the telephone service in the area of the claim?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Abstractive", "answer_text": "The Bombay Telephone Company inaugurated its services in Ahmedabad in 1897", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230810125618/https://www.dnaindia.com/ahmedabad/report-ahmedabad-should-be-a-place-where-life-grows-bv-doshi-1924135", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "When was the service installed in the area of the claim?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "After over 21 years stay in South Africa, Gandhi returned to India on January 9, 1915 ", "source_url": "https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/scholars-mark-100-years-of-mahatma-gandhis-return-to-india-from-south-africa/articleshow/46438277.cms?from=mdr", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Was Gandhi in India at the time the telephone was being installed in the area?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}], "justification": "The claim is successfully refuted by proving that Gandhi was not in India at the time the phones were installed in Ahmedabad by The Bombay Telephone Company.", "claim_text": "The telephone line was installed by the Britishers who spent lakhs to ensure they could speak to Gandhi.", "claim_images": ["678aba3ae2f02e5f4983db92#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "Vivek Pandey", "transcription": "", "media_source": "", "original_claim_url": "https://archive.is/20Sl7", "reporting_source": "Twitter", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240621004240/https://fullfact.org/online/france-riot-picture-refugee-banner-2016/", "date": "2023-06-02", "label": "Refuted", "location": "FR", "questions": [{"input_images": ["678bbb34e2f02e5f49841f87#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Abstractive", "answer_text": "France 2023.", "source_url": "https://jingdaily.com/authors/glyn-atwal", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Where is this image taken?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["678bbb34e2f02e5f49841f87#INPUT#1#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "15,000 join \"Refugees Welcome\" solidarity march in Brussels.", "source_url": "https://www.vrt.be/vrtnws/en/2015/09/27/15_000_join_refugeeswelcomesolidaritymarchinbrussels-1-2453719/", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Where is this image taken?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}], "justification": "The claim is successfully refuted by proving that CLAIM_IMG_1 was taken in Brussels in 2015.", "claim_text": "An image shows a photo of a pro-refugee protest in France in 2016 and another of the recent riots in the country.", "claim_images": ["678bbb34e2f02e5f49841f87#CLAIM#0.jpg", "678bbb34e2f02e5f49841f87#CLAIM#1.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0902\u0917\u094d\u092f", "transcription": "", "media_source": "", "original_claim_url": "https://www.facebook.com/photo/?fbid=671669354999007", "reporting_source": "Facebook", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Media Source Discovery"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20241211111755/https://www.boomlive.in/fact-check/raja-ravi-varma-painting-mona-lisa-fact-check-22507", "date": "2023-07-11", "label": "Refuted", "location": "IN", "questions": [{"input_images": ["678bbf5fe2f02e5f4984205f#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Boolean", "answer_text": "No", "source_url": "https://www.instagram.com/p/ByxWyUHHLOX/?img_index=1", "source_medium": "Web text", "boolean_explanation": "The image is captioned \"Radha in the Moonlight | Raja Ravi Varma Recreation series.\" The photo was part of a series where a studio recreated Raja Ravi Varma's paintings."}], "question": "Does the 0-th image show Raja Ravi Varma's original painting?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["678bbf5fe2f02e5f4984205f#INPUT#1#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Image", "source_url": "https://www.instagram.com/p/ByxWyUHHLOX/?img_index=2", "source_medium": "Image/graphic", "image_answers": ["678bbf5fe2f02e5f4984205f#ANSWER#1#0#0.jpg"]}], "question": "Is there a side-by-side comparison of the original painting and the recreation? ", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}], "justification": "The claim is successfully refuted by the QA pairs. The 0th image does not show Raja Ravi Varma's original painting, but rather a recreation of it by a studio.", "claim_text": "Image shows painting by famous painter Raja Ravi Varma's.\n", "claim_images": ["678bbf5fe2f02e5f4984205f#CLAIM#0.jpg", "678bbf5fe2f02e5f4984205f#CLAIM#1.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": " @PanchvatiNasik", "transcription": "", "media_source": "", "original_claim_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230713051138/https://twitter.com/PanchvatiNasik/status/1679029812269031426", "reporting_source": "Twitter", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Reverse Image Search", "Image Analysis"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20241001014936/https://fullfact.org/online/nandos-new-world-order-cash/", "date": "2023-06-24", "label": "Refuted", "location": "GB", "questions": [{"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Unanswerable", "answer_text": "No answer could be found."}], "question": "Do Nando's in the UK accept payment by cash?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Unanswerable", "answer_text": "No answer could be found."}], "question": "What types of payment do Nando's accept in stores in the UK?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": ["678bc292e2f02e5f49842cd9#INPUT#2#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Unanswerable", "answer_text": "No answer could be found."}], "question": "Where is this image from?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "You can pay via cash or card within our restaurants, if paying by cash you will need to place your order via the till rather our pay at table app. Please speak to a member of the team who will be happy to help.", "source_url": "https://help.nandos.co.uk/hc/en-gb/articles/4496599557905-Do-you-accept-cash-within-your-restaurants", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Have Nandos in the UK started to take card only payments?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}], "justification": "The claim is successfully refuted with evidence directly from Nando's website that indicates they accept both cash and cards.", "claim_text": "A sign in a UK branch of Nando\u2019s says: \u201cWe\u2019re card only! Sorry, guess we\u2019re part of the New World Order now.\u201d Although the sign then says \u201cjust kidding\u201d, this is not a joke.", "claim_images": ["678bc292e2f02e5f49842cd9#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "@ANTlWEF", "transcription": "", "media_source": "", "original_claim_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230630135448/https://twitter.com/ANTlWEF/status/1672961395405586433", "reporting_source": "Twitter", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Consultation"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230926031710/https://checkyourfact.com/2023/07/13/fact-check-russian-meat-cubes-soldiers/", "date": "2023-06-03", "label": "Refuted", "location": "RU", "questions": [{"input_images": ["678bc952e2f02e5f49843df7#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Image", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230926115739/https://leadstories.com/hoax-alert/2023/07/fact-check-photo-does-not-show-remains-of-russian-soldiers-crushed-into-meat-cubes.html", "source_medium": "Image/graphic", "image_answers": ["678bc952e2f02e5f49843df7#ANSWER#0#0#0.jpg", "678bc952e2f02e5f49843df7#ANSWER#0#0#1.jpg"]}], "question": "Can an image of the original Tweet shown in the 0-th image by @bigSAC10 be found without the images covered?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related", "Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["678bc952e2f02e5f49843df7#INPUT#1#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "The Angel animal shelter in Shebekinsky urban district received 2 tons of frozen food. However, they still have not managed to remove them from the road - there is no necessary equipment. As a result, the products melted and gave Shebekinsky residents disgusting odors, writes Go31", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230709190701/https://bel.ru/news/2023-07-04/zamorozhennaya-pechen-i-kishki-sozdali-bolshuyu-problemu-vozle-priyuta-pod-belgorodom-2974829?utm_source=yxnews&utm_medium=desktop", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "What is the \"meat\" shown in the 1-th and 2-th image from?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "The owner of the shelter, Irina Kharitonova, said that the box with the remains is humanitarian aid that was handed over yesterday by LimKorm. It contains two tons of frozen liver and intestines.", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20231201185005/https://fonar.tv/news/2023/07/04/vozle-shebekinskogo-priyuta-angel-gniyut-dve-tonny-myasa", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "What did the owner of the pet shelter, Irina Kharitonova, say about the \"meat\"?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}], "justification": "The claim is refuted by QA pairs. Based on the evidence ,the image shows frozen dog food for the animal shelter.", "claim_text": "Image shows Russia transports dead soldiers in \u201cmeat cubes.\u201d", "claim_images": ["678bc952e2f02e5f49843df7#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "mzKnowitaLL", "transcription": "", "media_source": "", "original_claim_url": "https://www.facebook.com/photo/?fbid=709617554512131&set=a.130533155753910", "reporting_source": "Facebook", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Media Source Discovery", "Fact-checker Reference"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Textual refuted", "Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240419025320/https://www.thequint.com/news/webqoof/bjp-leader-rss-uniform-accused-in-manipur-viral-video-case-fact-check", "date": "2023-07-22", "label": "Not Enough Evidence", "location": "IN", "questions": [{"input_images": ["678bcdbfe2f02e5f49844274#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Unanswerable", "answer_text": "No answer could be found."}], "question": "Who are the two men shown at the bottom of the 0-th image?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "the men who assaulted the two women were part of a Meitei mob that had earlier torched their village.", "source_url": "https://apnews.com/article/india-manipur-ethnic-clashes-57281d022f983e99bf658ab345ae1df5", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Who has been held responsible of the case of the Manipur viral video case?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "The main culprit has been identified as Huirem Herodas", "source_url": "https://www.businesstoday.in/latest/story/manipur-shocker-four-including-main-culprit-arrested-cm-says-all-involved-will-be-held-at-the-earliest-390663-2023-07-20", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Who was accused in the Manipur viral video case?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Boolean", "answer_text": "No", "source_url": "https://www.theweek.in/news/india/2023/07/22/manipur-sexual-violence-fifth-accused-arrested-in-viral-video-case.html", "source_medium": "Web text", "boolean_explanation": "The Manipur police have arrested one more person in connection with the horrific case of two women being paraded naked in the violence-hit state. The accused has been identified as Yumlembam Nungsithoi Meitei, a 19-year-old. A total of five persons were arrested so far relating to the incident.\nFour persons, including the main culprit was arrested in connection with the horrific incident on Thursday. The main accused, Huirem Heradash Meitei's house was set on fire by the women of Petchi village."}], "question": "Do reports note that  BJP Manipur leader Chidananda Singh and son were accused in the Manipur viral video case?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}], "justification": "QA pairs neither support nor refute the claim. The evidence is insufficient and does not rule out the possibility of a connection between the two men in the image and the Manipur violence. The men in the photo are not identified, nor are images of the accused provided.", "claim_text": "Photo shows men accused in Manipur viral video case.\n", "claim_images": ["678bcdbfe2f02e5f49844274#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "@SubhashiniAli", "transcription": "", "media_source": "", "original_claim_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230724065923/https://twitter.com/SubhashiniAli/status/1683029085851914244", "reporting_source": "Twitter", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Media Source Discovery"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240724185240/https://checkyourfact.com/2023/07/06/fact-check-photo-french-protesters-movie-scene/", "date": "2023-07-01", "label": "Not Enough Evidence", "location": "FR", "questions": [{"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "Killing of a 17 year old during a police traffic stop.", "source_url": "https://www.washingtonpost.com/photography/interactive/2023/france-protests-police-shooting-photos/", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Why were there protests in France in July 2023?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": ["678bd04be2f02e5f498442c9#INPUT#1#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Unanswerable", "answer_text": "No answer could be found."}], "question": "Where is this image taken?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Unanswerable", "answer_text": "No answer could be found."}], "question": "Did protesters in France in July 2023 seize a police vehicle?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}], "justification": "The claim is neither supported nor refuted. The information provided does not identify the image, which is easily learned through using a reverse image search.", "claim_text": "An image shows French protesters allegedly seizing a police vehicle.", "claim_images": ["678bd04be2f02e5f498442c9#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "@Trzaskal", "transcription": "", "media_source": "", "original_claim_url": "https://x.com/Trzaskal/status/1675479836729409539?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw", "reporting_source": "Twitter", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Media Source Discovery", "Fact-checker Reference"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20231207092259/https://www.thequint.com/news/webqoof/expressway-image-from-china-shared-as-nh-44-in-jk-fact-check", "date": "2023-06-23", "label": "Refuted", "location": "IN", "questions": [{"input_images": ["678bd2cbe2f02e5f498443c4#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Image", "source_url": "https://www.mapsofindia.com/answers/india/which-is-the-longest-national-highway-in-india/", "source_medium": "Image/graphic", "image_answers": ["678bd2cbe2f02e5f498443c4#ANSWER#0#0#0.jpg"]}], "question": "What does Jammu National Highway 44 in India look like?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["678bd2cbe2f02e5f498443c4#INPUT#1#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "Weiyuan-Wudu Expressway in Northwest China's Gansu Province.", "source_url": "https://www.caixinglobal.com/2022-07-27/gallery-china-has-big-plans-for-highway-expansion-101918633.html", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "What is this image of?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}], "justification": "The claim is successfully refuted by proving that the image shows the Weiyuan-Wudu Expressway in Northwest China.", "claim_text": "Image of Jammu National Highway 44 in India.", "claim_images": ["678bd2cbe2f02e5f498443c4#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "The Right Action", "transcription": "", "media_source": "", "original_claim_url": "https://perma.cc/VBR4-X426", "reporting_source": "Facebook", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Reverse Image Search", "Keyword Search", "Image Analysis"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240612190007/https://checkyourfact.com/2023/07/28/fact-check-traffic-light-texas-heat/", "date": "2023-07-07", "label": "Refuted", "location": "US", "questions": [{"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Unanswerable", "answer_text": "No answer could be found."}], "question": "Can traffic lights melt because of heatwaves?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": ["678bd52de2f02e5f4984441f#INPUT#1#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "The melting was caused by a scooter fire nearby, not by high temperatures.", "source_url": "https://www.open.online/2022/08/01/milano-semaforo-sciolto-fc/", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Where was this photo taken?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}], "justification": "Although the method of disproving the claim is faulty, the claim is refuted by showing that a fire under the traffic light, and not high temperatures, caused the melting.", "claim_text": "An image shows a traffic light that melted in Texas due to extreme heat.", "claim_images": ["678bd52de2f02e5f4984441f#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "@AlayaZBVegan17", "transcription": "", "media_source": "", "original_claim_url": "https://x.com/AlayaZBVegan17/status/1681435187878723585", "reporting_source": "Twitter", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Media Source Discovery"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230803134921/https://factcheck.afp.com/doc.afp.com.33QB3FH", "date": "2023-07-27", "label": "Refuted", "location": "US", "questions": [{"input_images": ["678bd921e2f02e5f49844783#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Image", "source_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4d/Noah_Nickolas_Perry%2C_U.S._Ambassador_3.jpg", "source_medium": "Image/graphic", "image_answers": ["678bd921e2f02e5f49844783#ANSWER#0#0#0.jpg"]}], "question": "What does Nickolas Perry and his wife look like?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Text-related", "Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["678bd921e2f02e5f49844783#INPUT#1#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "The singer Conchita Wurst.", "source_url": "https://www.instagram.com/p/Bub_8nglZYi/?utm_source=ig_web_copy_link", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Who is in this image?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}], "justification": "The claim is refuted by proving that the person in the dress in the photograph is the singer Conchita Wurst and that Nickolas Perry does not look like the man in the image.", "claim_text": "A photo shows US ambassador to Jamaica, Nickolas Perry, with his spouse.", "claim_images": ["678bd921e2f02e5f49844783#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "@justsociety4all", "transcription": "", "media_source": "", "original_claim_url": "https://archive.ph/auqDQ", "reporting_source": "Twitter", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Reverse Image Search", "Image Analysis", "Fact-checker Reference"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230813204008/https://factcheck.afp.com/doc.afp.com.33PW2RX", "date": "2023-07-20", "label": "Refuted", "location": "TH", "questions": [{"input_images": ["678bda5de2f02e5f498447e6#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "Aug 7, 2020", "source_url": "https://archive.ph/4EXX6", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "When was the 0-th image originally published?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["678bda5de2f02e5f498447e6#INPUT#1#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "Photos show an incident when lawyer Anon Numpa and Panupong Jadnok being 'dragged' out of the Criminal Court by police to be detained at the Huai Khwang Police Station,\"", "source_url": "https://archive.ph/7MW0b#selection-637.10-637.21", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "What did a tweet by @iLawFX caption the 0-th image in an Aug 7, 2020 tweet?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Text-related", "Image-related"]}], "justification": "The claim is successfully refuted. The photo is not from 2023, but from the 2020 arrest of Anon Numpa.", "claim_text": "Photo shows the arrest of Thai pro-democracy activist Anon Numpa in July 2023.", "claim_images": ["678bda5de2f02e5f498447e6#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "@sokenlive5", "transcription": "", "media_source": "", "original_claim_url": "https://archive.ph/06SRe", "reporting_source": "Twitter", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Consultation", "Image Analysis"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240623011236/https://www.thequint.com/news/webqoof/ram-pick-up-truck-named-after-lord-ram-fact-check", "date": "2023-07-30", "label": "Refuted", "location": "US", "questions": [{"input_images": ["678d1cb8e2f02e5f49849ab8#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "The RAM brand is part of Stellantis.", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230810234012/https://www.stellantis.com/en/brands/our-brands?adobe_mc_ref=", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Who manufactures the car in the image?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Abstractive", "answer_text": "The RAM logo has been used since at least 1932.", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230810234059mp_/https://www.youtube.com/embed/RQfVd1Ph6xE", "source_medium": "Video"}], "question": "How long has the RAM logo been in use?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "Dodge has been making trucks since 1917.  For 98 years, the Dodge RAM dealer has been providing hard workers with trucks that have been on farms and ranches, prairies and dockside, oil fields and soccer fields.  They are part of the American landscape.  \n\nWhile Ram has been a part of Dodge\u2019s history since the 1930\u2019s when they started putting the ram head logo on their trucks, it wasn\u2019t until 1981 that the name \u2018Ram\u2019 was alongside Dodge\u2019s.\n\nSince then, RAM trucks have been a huge success for Dodge and the two names have become almost synonymous.  Almost. ", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240613051737mp_/https://www.autoinfluence.com/dodge-ram-brief-history/", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "What is the brief history of the Ram brand?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "The Ram hood ornament was originally used as a hood ornament on the Dodge trucks starting in 1933 and lasted until the 1950\u2019s to symbolize strength in their rugged build.  Then, by the 1950\u2019s Dodge stopped using the ram hood ornament.  \n\nIt wasn\u2019t until Lee Iacocca, then president and CEO of Chrysler, who, along with their marketing team, decided to revive their old mascot.  In 1981, the ram was added back onto the hood just in time for the announcement of Dodge\u2019s first generation of RAM trucks.  ", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240613051737mp_/https://www.autoinfluence.com/dodge-ram-brief-history/", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Why is the RAM head used?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "Lord Rama is one of the essential deities of Hinduism. He is the seventh avatar of Lord Vishnu and was born in Ayodya. Apart from Hinduism, we can find references to Lord Vishnu in Jainism and Buddhism, as well. Here, you can find him represented as Padma or Pauma. Along with that, Rama is a name that plays a significant role in different Hindu scriptures. In the Atharva Veda, Rama means someone dark in color and has a connection with the night. In other parts of the same text, you can see Rama concerning someone pleasing and lovely. Here, we will look at Lord Rama's origin concerning ancient texts, significance, and weapons.", "source_url": "https://pujayagna.com/blogs/hindu-gods-goddesses/lord-rama", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Who is the Hindu deity Lord Rama?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Boolean", "answer_text": "No", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230809163110mp_/https://www.jeffbelzersdodgeram.com/blogs/4590/ram-logo-history#:~:text=However%2C%20what%20you%20might%20not,imposing%2C%20unstoppable%2C%20or%20dominant?utm_source=ram-pick-up-truck-named-after-lord-ram-fact-check&utm_medium=link_in_story", "source_medium": "Web text", "boolean_explanation": "True to the name, the Ram logo was inspired by a charging ram, or a bighorn male sheep, which is often seen as imposing, unstoppable, or dominant. For instance, Ares, the Greek god of war, was also frequently represented with a symbol of a ram."}], "question": "Is the RAM name or logo inspired by the Hindu deity Lord Rama?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}], "justification": "The claim is successfully refuted by proving that the RAM logo has been in use since 1932, not a recently launched car brand, and that the logo was modeled on the idea of a charging ram animal.", "claim_text": "In the United States of America (USA), an automobile brand has launched a new car in the name of Hindu deity Lord Rama.", "claim_images": ["678d1cb8e2f02e5f49849ab8#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "Bajrangi Dal", "transcription": "", "media_source": "", "original_claim_url": "https://perma.cc/7DSH-GAUG", "reporting_source": "", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Reverse Image Search"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Textual refuted", "Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240310012854/https://factcheck.afp.com/doc.afp.com.33LV9QC", "date": "2023-06-17", "label": "Refuted", "location": "", "questions": [{"input_images": ["678d339ce2f02e5f4984a2f2#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "off the coast of Libya ", "source_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20230203051459/https://www.abc.net.au/news/2016-05-26/hundreds-thrown-into-mediterranean-as-overloaded-boat-capsizes/7446992", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Where was the 0-th image taken?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["678d339ce2f02e5f4984a2f2#INPUT#1#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "May 25, 2016", "source_url": "https://perma.cc/72CM-VNUG", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "When was the 0-th image in the claim originally published?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}], "justification": "The claim that the photo shows the fishing trawler that went down off Greece in June 2023 is false. The image is related to a different event and was originally published in 2016, not in 2023.", "claim_text": "Photo shows the fishing trawler that went down off Greece carrying hundreds of migrants in June 2023. ", "claim_images": ["678d339ce2f02e5f4984a2f2#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "@Shahnafisa", "transcription": "", "media_source": "", "original_claim_url": "https://perma.cc/5M2K-QBVP?type=image", "reporting_source": "Facebook ", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Reverse Image Search", "Image Analysis"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230929223239/https://en.youturn.in/factcheck/photo-captured-when-modi-was-performing-parikrama-is-shared-with-erroneous-claims.html", "date": "2023-07-31", "label": "Refuted", "location": "IN", "questions": [{"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Abstractive", "answer_text": "It's considered disrespectful to show your back to the deities.", "source_url": "https://www.tamilbrahmins.com/threads/not-facing-murtis-while-praying.10019/", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Why does it matter if one is turning one's back to the Lord Ganesha?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": ["678d8eb6e2f02e5f4984e230#INPUT#1#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "Shrimant Dagdusheth temple in Pune, Maharashtra", "source_url": "https://x.com/narendramodi/status/1686308954425749504?s=46&t=kIszbQH_arRSG8kPbuGeZw", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Where is PM Modi visiting in the image?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["678d8eb6e2f02e5f4984e230#INPUT#2#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Abstractive", "answer_text": "Modi was performing a parikrama.", "source_url": "https://x.com/tehseenp/status/1686609237298884608?s=46&t=kIszbQH_arRSG8kPbuGeZw", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "What is PM Modi doing in the image?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["678d8eb6e2f02e5f4984e230#INPUT#3#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "Parikrama (circumambulation) or Pradakshina is a ritual in Hinduism and some other religions in which a person circumambulates around a person or a thing in a clockwise direction.", "source_url": "https://x.com/V_Shuddhi/status/1591250505900371968", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "What is a parikrama?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["678d8eb6e2f02e5f4984e230#INPUT#4#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Boolean", "answer_text": "No", "source_url": "https://x.com/tehseenp/status/1686609237298884608?s=46&t=kIszbQH_arRSG8kPbuGeZw", "source_medium": "Video", "boolean_explanation": "PM Modi can be seen swivelling around in the video."}], "question": "Was PM Modi in a static position with his back turned to the deity?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}], "justification": "The claim is succesfully refuted by providing a video that shows the full movement of PM Modi and that this image is just a still shot from his full movement in a circle.", "claim_text": "A photo of Prime Minister Narendra Modi showing his back to Lord Ganesha while worshipping.", "claim_images": ["678d8eb6e2f02e5f4984e230#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "@ysathishreddy", "transcription": "", "media_source": "", "original_claim_url": "https://x.com/ysathishreddy/status/1686412409433620480?s=46&t=kIszbQH_arRSG8kPbuGeZw", "reporting_source": "Twitter", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Video Analysis"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": [], "image_misuse_types": [], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240525152035/https://leadstories.com/hoax-alert/2023/08/fact-check-jackson-simmons-and-his-dog-cami-are-not-missing-its-scam-story.html", "date": "2023-07-31", "label": "Refuted", "location": "US", "questions": [{"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Boolean", "answer_text": "No", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240530142650/https://cbi.colorado.gov/alerts", "source_medium": "Web text", "boolean_explanation": "They issue what they call a \"Missing Senior Citizen Alert\""}], "question": "Does Colorado issue a \"silver alert\" when an older adult goes missing?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "Posts are made to common community groups on a variety of subjects, from missing persons to lost animals. When a user shares the post to help get that word out, the scammers then change the post to a deceptive rental ad or a survey that \"guarantees\" a cash prize", "source_url": "https://www.whig.com/news/facebook-scam-showing-up-in-local-buy-trade-groups/article_833e8ca6-8d48-11ed-b3d1-5306f7cacb32.html", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "What is a bait-and-switch scam post in the context of missing people?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "a look at the post's edit history shows that it previously discussed \"Jackson Simmons\" and \"Cami\" before being changed to advertise real estate", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20250331202008/https://leadstories.com/jackson%20simmons%20cami%20bait%20and%20switch%20example.png", "source_medium": "Image/graphic"}], "question": "Is there any evidence of a bait-and-switch post about \"Jackson Simmons\" and \"Cami\"?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}], "justification": "The claim that drinking lemon juice and hot water cures cancer is unsupported by scientific evidence. While lemons have health benefits, there's no proof they can cure cancer.", "claim_text": "A person with dementia named \"Jackson Simmons\" and his dog \"Cami\" missing and there has been a silver alert issued for \"Simmons\".", "claim_images": ["678e4c49e2f02e5f49857eb1#CLAIM#0.jpg", "678e4c49e2f02e5f49857eb1#CLAIM#1.jpg", "678e4c49e2f02e5f49857eb1#CLAIM#2.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "Kristin W. Montgomery", "transcription": "", "media_source": "", "original_claim_url": "https://archive.ph/u8aqS#selection-553.0-558.0", "reporting_source": "Facebook", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Fact-checker Reference"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230924111625/https://www.telugupost.com/english-factcheck/image-of-an-expressway-in-china-being-circulated-as-jammu-nh-44-1484665", "date": "2023-07-03", "label": "Refuted", "location": "CN", "questions": [{"input_images": ["678edc39e2f02e5f4985e1e6#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Boolean", "answer_text": "Yes", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230629123324/https://www.caixinglobal.com/2022-07-27/gallery-china-has-big-plans-for-highway-expansion-101918633.html", "source_medium": "Web text", "boolean_explanation": "The image can be found on the Caixin Global website."}], "question": "Has the image appeared on any websites?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["678edc39e2f02e5f4985e1e6#INPUT#1#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "China is planning to build around 461,000 kilometers of roads and highways by 2035. Unveiled by the National Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Transport, the construction is aimed at creating a road network that is \u2018efficient, green, intelligent and safe,\u2019 according to state media. As of 2021, the country has invested heavily in road infrastructure, building some 117,000 kilometers of national highways", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230629123324/https://www.caixinglobal.com/2022-07-27/gallery-china-has-big-plans-for-highway-expansion-101918633.html", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "What does the website state about the image?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["678edc39e2f02e5f4985e1e6#INPUT#2#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "The Weiyuan-Wudu Expressway in Northwest China's Gansu Province opened to traffic in 2020.", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230629123324/https://www.caixinglobal.com/2022-07-27/gallery-china-has-big-plans-for-highway-expansion-101918633.html", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Where does it state that the road in the image is located?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "India.", "source_url": "https://www.passportindia.gov.in/AppOnlineProject/rpo/rpoPages/rpoSrinagar/srinagarRPO.html", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Where is Srinagar?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "The southernmost tip of India", "source_url": "https://www.makemytrip.com/tripideas/places/kanyakumari", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Where is Kanyakumari?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}], "justification": "The claim is successfully refuted by proving that the image is from Northwest China's Gansu Province, not India.", "claim_text": "A picture of a highway shows the National Highway (NH-44) running from Srinagar to Kanyakumari.", "claim_images": ["678edc39e2f02e5f4985e1e6#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "RSS Kashaya Dalam", "transcription": "", "media_source": "", "original_claim_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230705100832/https://www.facebook.com/photo/?fbid=606708328268078&set=a.604887638450147", "reporting_source": "Facebook", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Reverse Image Search", "Image Analysis"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240907164720/https://www.aap.com.au/factcheck/cruel-missing-girl-post-preys-on-facebook-users/", "date": "2023-07-05", "label": "Refuted", "location": "GB", "questions": [{"input_images": ["678f7ea4e2f02e5f49861c40#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "Dachshunds Purdy and Pippin were taken from their garden in Thirsk, North Yorkshire, on 23 January.\n\nRuth Benson said she and her children had been left \"heartbroken\" since the disappearance of the \"priceless\" pair.\n\nA pet detective agency told the BBC thefts were on the rise due to a rising demand for pets during lockdown.\nMrs Benson said \"Purdy is [my daughter] Ruby's best friend, she means everything to her.", "source_url": "https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-york-north-yorkshire-56008870", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Who is the person in the image?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}], "justification": "The claim is refuted by showing that the dogs were stolen from North Yorkshire, England. The source identifies the child as their owner, Ruby.", "claim_text": "Facebook users are being asked to help find a missing five-year-old girl named Sofia in Falkirk, Scotland.", "claim_images": ["678f7ea4e2f02e5f49861c40#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": " Adrian H Peacok", "transcription": "", "media_source": "", "original_claim_url": "https://archive.is/z8jaC#selection-648.0-665.15", "reporting_source": "Facebook", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Media Source Discovery"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240117163852/https://www.logicallyfacts.com/en/fact-check/false-photo-doesn-t-show-kuki-militants-surrendering-after-meeting-congress-leader-rahul-gandhi", "date": "2023-07-11", "label": "Not Enough Evidence", "location": "IN", "questions": [{"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Unanswerable", "answer_text": "No answer could be found."}], "question": "What is the purpose of the meeting Rahul Gandhi is going to?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Abstractive", "answer_text": "Kuki Militants are part of an ethnic group the Kuki's. Kukis - martial tribes with a fierce tradition of clan warfare.", "source_url": "http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/south_asia/1396751.stm", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Who are Kuki militants?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Unanswerable", "answer_text": "No answer could be found."}], "question": "When was the claim made?", "answer_method": "Metadata", "question_type": ["Metadata-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67917d98e2f02e5f4987401e#INPUT#3#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Boolean", "answer_text": "Yes", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240119005229/https://www.eastmojo.com/manipur/2022/07/26/manipur-kuki-insurgents-using-another-outfits-name-for-extortion-arrested/", "source_medium": "Web text", "boolean_explanation": "Yes there is a news article posted in the East Mojo which headlines with \"Kuki insurgents using another outfit\u2019s name for extortion arrested\""}], "question": "Are there any matching news articles with the image used in the claim?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67917d98e2f02e5f4987401e#INPUT#4#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "July 26, 2022.", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240119005229/https://www.eastmojo.com/manipur/2022/07/26/manipur-kuki-insurgents-using-another-outfits-name-for-extortion-arrested/", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "What date is the article posted?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}], "justification": "The claim is neither supported nor refuted. The only information provided is that the image shows Kuki militants photographed in 2022 in Manipur where Gandhi was to appear. The claim date is missing, so it is difficult to determine whether the two events are related.", "claim_text": "Two Kuki militants laid down their arms after meeting Congress leader Rahul Gandhi, who had recently concluded his two-day visit to Manipur.", "claim_images": ["67917d98e2f02e5f4987401e#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "@AabidMagami", "transcription": "", "media_source": "", "original_claim_url": "", "reporting_source": "Twitter", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Consultation", "Reverse Image Search"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240715080702/https://factcheck.afp.com/doc.afp.com.33TR33E", "date": "2023-07-04", "label": "Refuted", "location": "JP", "questions": [{"input_images": ["6791c0e9e2f02e5f49875607#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240628190602/https://www.gettyimages.com/detail/news-photo/in-this-handout-image-provided-by-the-national-oceanic-and-news-photo/109982412?language=en-us", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "What does the NOAA stand for?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) is a federal agency focused on the condition of the oceans and the atmosphere. Its mission is \u201cto understand and predict changes in Earth\u2019s environment and conserve and manage coastal and marine resources to meet our nation\u2019s economic, social, and environmental needs.\u201d", "source_url": "https://www.iocm.noaa.gov/iwg/docs/NOAAProfileJan08.pdf", "source_medium": "PDF"}], "question": "What does the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration do?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": ["6791c0e9e2f02e5f49875607#INPUT#2#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Boolean", "answer_text": "Yes", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230923005919/https://nctr.pmel.noaa.gov/honshu20110311/Energy_plot20110311-1000_ok.jpg", "source_medium": "Web text", "boolean_explanation": "The image has been uploaded to the NOAA website and contains additional information."}], "question": "Has the image been posted onto the NOAA website?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["6791c0e9e2f02e5f49875607#INPUT#3#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Abstractive", "answer_text": "There is extra text which states \"Japan (Tohoku) tsunami, March 11, 2011. NOAA Center for Tsunami Research. NOAA Research Product, not an official forecast.", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240628172224/https://nctr.pmel.noaa.gov/honshu20110311/Energy_plot20110311-1000_ok.jpg", "source_medium": "Web table"}], "question": "What does the additional information on the image state?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["6791c0e9e2f02e5f49875607#INPUT#4#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "Magnitude 8.9 Strong Earthquake Jolts Northern Japan\nSEATTLE, WA - MARCH 11: In this handout image provided by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), model amplitudes calculated with the MOST forecast model are seen March 11, 2011. Filled colors show maximum computed tsunami amplitude in cm during 24 hours of wave propagation. Black contours show computed tsunami arrival time. A magnitude 8.9 strong earthquake hit the northeast coast of Japan causing Tsunami alerts throughout countries bordering the Pacific Ocean", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240628190602/https://www.gettyimages.com/detail/news-photo/in-this-handout-image-provided-by-the-national-oceanic-and-news-photo/109982412?language=en-us", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "What does the image description on the Getty Images website state?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}], "justification": "The claim is successfully refuted by proving that this NOAA image is of the effects and reach of a 2011 tsunami in the area.", "claim_text": "The destruction of the Earth, geocide. The photo shows the spread path of radioactive materials from the Fukushima nuclear power plant estimated by the NOAA.", "claim_images": ["6791c0e9e2f02e5f49875607#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "Ahn Chansoo", "transcription": "", "media_source": "", "original_claim_url": "https://archive.vn/h2iDz#selection-551.0-551.11", "reporting_source": "Facebook", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Consultation", "Reverse Image Search", "Keyword Search"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230711101832/https://www.thequint.com/news/webqoof/gurpatwant-singh-pannun-death-accident-visuals-fact-check", "date": "2023-07-04", "label": "Refuted", "location": "US", "questions": [{"input_images": ["6791c6fde2f02e5f498758f8#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Boolean", "answer_text": "Yes", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230606063020/https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2021-03-02/mass-fatality-crash-reported-on-imperial-county-highway", "source_medium": "Web text", "boolean_explanation": "The same image appears in a Los Angeles Newspaper article."}], "question": "Are there any news reports which show the truck and cars in the image?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["6791c6fde2f02e5f498758f8#INPUT#1#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "Patrick T. FALLON", "source_url": "https://www.gettyimages.in/detail/news-photo/investigators-look-over-the-scene-of-a-crash-between-an-suv-news-photo/1231480335?adppopup=true", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Who took the photograph?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["6791c6fde2f02e5f498758f8#INPUT#2#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "At least 13 killed in crash of SUV carrying more than 2 dozen near U.S.-Mexico border.", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230606063020/https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2021-03-02/mass-fatality-crash-reported-on-imperial-county-highway", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "What is the Los Angeles Newspaper article headline?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "Twelve people died at the scene, including the Expedition\u2019s driver, whom the authorities identified only as a 28-year-old resident of Mexicali, Mexico. A 13th person died after being transferred to El Centro Regional Medical Center, Platero said. The truck driver, a 68-year-old resident of El Centro, suffered serious injuries and was taken to a hospital in Palm Springs, according to the CHP report.", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230606063020/https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2021-03-02/mass-fatality-crash-reported-on-imperial-county-highway", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "According to the report were any people killed?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Boolean", "answer_text": "No", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230606063020/https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2021-03-02/mass-fatality-crash-reported-on-imperial-county-highway", "source_medium": "Web text", "boolean_explanation": "There is no mention of him in the article."}], "question": "Is there any mention of Gurpatwant Singh Pannun?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "05/07/2023", "source_url": "Metadata", "source_medium": "Metadata"}], "question": "When was the claim made?", "answer_method": "Metadata", "question_type": ["Metadata-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "March 2, 2021 ", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230606063020/https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2021-03-02/mass-fatality-crash-reported-on-imperial-county-highway", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "What date was the news article about the crash?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Abstractive", "answer_text": "Sukhi Chahal stated: \"Regarding the news about the alleged car accident in my neighborhood in California and the death of SFJ Gurpatwant Singh Pannu, I would like to emphasize that the information is FAKE & FALSE. I kindly urge everyone to refrain from spreading this misinformation.\"", "source_url": "https://archive.is/Sp9SV#selection-631.0-654.0", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "What have close people to Pannun said?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}], "justification": "The claim is successfully refuted by proving that the image is an accident in 2021 that occurred near the Mexican border and Pannun was not among the victims.", "claim_text": "Gurpatwant Singh Pannun, leader of the banned group Sikhs for Justice (SFJ), died in a road accident in the United States.", "claim_images": ["6791c6fde2f02e5f498758f8#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "@VishalGargBjp", "transcription": "", "media_source": "", "original_claim_url": "https://archive.is/6NDPI#selection-427.0-427.3", "reporting_source": "X", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Image Analysis"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230723091732/https://www.boomlive.in/fact-check/dalit-woman-gang-rape-rajasthan-alwar-2019-fact-check-22581", "date": "2023-07-20", "label": "Supported", "location": "IN", "questions": [{"input_images": ["6792bb19e2f02e5f498854f6#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "May 10, 2019", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230723013045/https://www.dalitdastak.com/alwar-gang-rape-caste-and-hindu-culture/", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "When was the earliest news report about this incident?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "Family members of an 18-year-old Dalit woman who was allegedly gangraped by five men in front of her husband in Rajasthan\u2019s Alwar district have accused the police of not taking appropriate action on the pretext of \u2018increased workload\u2019 during election time.", "source_url": "https://indianexpress.com/article/india/dalit-woman-gangraped-in-alwar-one-arrested-5715975/", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "What did the family say about the action the police took?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Boolean", "answer_text": "Yes", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230723013109/https://www-jagran-com.translate.goog/news/national-a-woman-was-molested-by-five-persons-in-front-of-her-husband-in-rajasthan-alwar-district-19201698.html?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en&_x_tr_pto=wapp&_x_tr_hist=true", "source_medium": "Web text", "boolean_explanation": "The accused also threatened the woman while leaving. Due to fear, the couple did not inform anyone about this and neither did they file a case with the police. But, for the last three days, the accused were harassing him by calling him everyday. In such a situation, the report was lodged on May 2. The police kept the matter under wraps in view of the elections. In the police station, the woman gave a statement that Indraraj Gurjar, Ashok Gurjar, Chhote Lal Gurjar and Mahesh Gurjar and Hansraj Gurjar raped her."}], "question": "Was the crime reported to the police?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "Rajasthan\u2019s Alwar district.", "source_url": "https://indianexpress.com/article/india/dalit-woman-gangraped-in-alwar-one-arrested-5715975/", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Where in Rajasthan did the incident happen?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}], "justification": "The claim that a Dalit woman was gang-raped in front of her husband in Rajasthan, and the accused made a video viral, is supported by the details provided. The incident occurred in Alwar district, Rajasthan, and the family members accused the police of inaction due to the election period, with the crime being reported to the police later.", "claim_text": "A Dalit woman gang raped in front of her husband in Rajasthan, the accused made the video viral.", "claim_images": ["6792bb19e2f02e5f498854f6#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "Ramsakha Mishra", "transcription": "", "media_source": "", "original_claim_url": "https://www.facebook.com/permalink.php?story_fbid=pfbid02VDGLCQPXmoN8ysBv18Q8S5Gge4Vwc6mntw7pSgUcjuaAcekhgGgNyufyhhmtkvc1l&id=100003550490571", "reporting_source": "Facebook", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Consultation", "Keyword Search"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230926014149/https://checkyourfact.com/2023/08/07/fact-check-orthodox-relics-auctioned-france/", "date": "2023-07-12", "label": "Refuted", "location": "FR", "questions": [{"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "The interiors of Versailles.", "source_url": "https://www.osenat.com/en/sale/135718-the-interiors-of-versailles", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "What auctions occured at Osenat Auction House on October 1st 2023?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}], "justification": "The claim is successfully refuted by proving that the Interiors of Versailles were auctioned on 10/1/23 at the Osenat Auction House.", "claim_text": "Orthodox relics from Kyiv, Ukraine, are set to be auctioned at the Osenat Auction House in France on October 1st, 2023. ", "claim_images": ["679659a4e2f02e5f4989e5e9#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "Jack Woodhead", "transcription": "", "media_source": "", "original_claim_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230810151055/https://www.facebook.com/jack.woodhead.9/posts/6259100694187551", "reporting_source": "Facebook", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Consultation", "Media Source Discovery"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240722053715/https://checkyourfact.com/2023/07/10/fact-check-french-rioters-eiffel-tower/", "date": "2023-07-01", "label": "Refuted", "location": "FR", "questions": [{"input_images": ["67965b50e2f02e5f4989e65e#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "July 10, 2016", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20250116214936/https://pictures.reuters.com/Detail/2C0FQETK2OD8", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "When was the 0-th image taken?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67965b50e2f02e5f4989e65e#INPUT#1#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "Garbage burns during clashes near the Paris fan zone at the Eiffel Tower during the Portugal v France EURO 2016 final soccer match, in Paris, France, July 10, 2016. French police fired tear gas to disperse dozens of people trying to enter the \"fan zone\" at the foot of the Eiffel Tower to watch the final of the Euro 2016 soccer tournament on Sunday evening, to prevent overcrowding. REUTERS/Stephane Mahe", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20250116214936/https://pictures.reuters.com/Detail/2C0FQETK2OD8", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "What was the image captioned by Reuters?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "A July 4, 2023 article by ABC News states \"France has been beset by violent unrest in recent days after a police officer shot and killed a teenager in a Paris suburb.\"", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240721175831/https://abcnews.go.com/International/france-rioting-police-shooting-nahel/story?id=100655786", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "When did recent riots (2023) in France begin?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}], "justification": "The image was taken on July 10, 2016, during the EURO 2016 final match, not during recent riots in 2023. It depicts clashes near the Eiffel Tower during that event.", "claim_text": "An image shows French rioters at the Eiffel Tower recently.", "claim_images": ["67965b50e2f02e5f4989e65e#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "@iamyesyouareno", "transcription": "", "media_source": "", "original_claim_url": "https://x.com/iamyesyouareno/status/1675531037764464640?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw", "reporting_source": "Twitter", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Media Source Discovery"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240709065245/https://factcheck.afp.com/doc.afp.com.33PY7HE", "date": "2023-07-14", "label": "Refuted", "location": "IN", "questions": [{"input_images": ["67965fe6e2f02e5f4989e75e#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "Major Samia Rehman.", "source_url": "Metadata", "source_medium": "Metadata"}], "question": "Who is this person?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67965fe6e2f02e5f4989e75e#INPUT#1#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "Major Samia Rehman.", "source_url": "https://www.siddysays.com/major-samia-sinf-e-aahan/", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Who is this person?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}], "justification": "The claim is successfully refuted by proving that the photos are of Major Samia Rehman", "claim_text": "Photos of Pakistani woman Seema Haider who fled to India to marry lover Sachin Meena.", "claim_images": ["67965fe6e2f02e5f4989e75e#CLAIM#0.jpg", "67965fe6e2f02e5f4989e75e#CLAIM#1.jpg", "67965fe6e2f02e5f4989e75e#CLAIM#2.jpg", "67965fe6e2f02e5f4989e75e#CLAIM#3.jpg", "67965fe6e2f02e5f4989e75e#CLAIM#4.jpg", "67965fe6e2f02e5f4989e75e#CLAIM#5.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "Sachin Singh Durgvansh", "transcription": "", "media_source": "", "original_claim_url": "https://archive.ph/9l28w#selection-49.0-49.21", "reporting_source": "Facebook", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Media Source Discovery", "Reverse Image Search", "Keyword Search", "Image Analysis"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240415064446/https://www.boomlive.in/fact-check/france-riots-police-van-protestors-athena-netflix-22432", "date": "2023-06-30", "label": "Refuted", "location": "FR", "questions": [{"input_images": ["67966544e2f02e5f4989e9b0#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Abstractive", "answer_text": "Set of a film called Athena.", "source_url": "https://www.vulture.com/2023/02/introducing-vultures-first-ever-stunt-awards.html?utm_campaign=vulture&utm_source=tw&utm_medium=s1", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Where was this image taken?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}], "justification": "The claim is successfully refuted by proving that the image is a still shot from a video excerpt of the film Athena.", "claim_text": "Image of a police van driving down a street with people inside is from the protests in France.", "claim_images": ["67966544e2f02e5f4989e9b0#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "@leslibless", "transcription": "", "media_source": "", "original_claim_url": "https://x.com/leslibless/status/1675019008901349377", "reporting_source": "Twitter", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Reverse Image Search", "Keyword Search", "Image Analysis"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20241203060607/https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/photograph-of-zelenskyys-home/", "date": "2023-07-17", "label": "Refuted", "location": "UA", "questions": [{"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "The Mariinskyi Palace ", "source_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mariinskyi_Palace", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Where does President Volodymyr Zelenskyy live?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": ["6796664de2f02e5f4989ea43#INPUT#1#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "France.", "source_url": "https://www.jamesedition.com/real_estate/beausoleil-france/beausoleil-near-monaco-villa-5p-200m-swimming-pool-sea-view-garage-11931018", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Where is this house?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}], "justification": "The claim is successfully refuted by proving that the image is a house in France and the Zelenskyy lives in the Mariinskyi Palace.", "claim_text": "A photograph authentically shows a multistory white mansion with a swimming pool and rooftop gym that is the home of Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy.", "claim_images": ["6796664de2f02e5f4989ea43#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "@liz_churchill10", "transcription": "", "media_source": "", "original_claim_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230719222519/https://web.archive.org/web/20230719200244/https://twitter.com/liz_churchill10/status/1681325307863728129", "reporting_source": "Twitter", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Reverse Image Search"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20241228085044/https://www.newsmobile.in/nm-fact-checker/fact-check-does-this-image-show-simultaneous-day-and-night-regions-of-earth-heres-the-truth/", "date": "2023-07-17", "label": "Refuted", "location": "IN", "questions": [{"input_images": ["67966812e2f02e5f4989ead6#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "A Digital Sunset Over Europe and Africa.", "source_url": "https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap030324.html", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "What is this an image of?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}], "justification": "The claim is successfully refuted by proving that the image is a digital composite and not a real photo.", "claim_text": "A rare photo shows the Earth's day and night regions simultaneously across the African and European continents.", "claim_images": ["67966812e2f02e5f4989ead6#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "The Youth", "transcription": "NOW YOU ARE SEEING A RARE PIC ON LEFT SIDE IT'S DAY AND ON RIGHT SIDE IT'S NIGHT.", "media_source": "", "original_claim_url": "https://www.facebook.com/TheYouth2u/posts/pfbid0np45cS5LMN1ECvMUwmZAdp971cV4M9Z6qxhEQgjoJqiNKGKsZtUTc9giZaZ7ZUztl", "reporting_source": "Facebook", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Reverse Image Search"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20241228090724/https://srilanka.factcrescendo.com/english/misleading-claims-related-to-the-death-of-obamas-chef/", "date": "2023-07-29", "label": "Refuted", "location": "US", "questions": [{"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "The body of Tafari Campbell, 45, of Dumfries, Va., was uncovered after a two-day search in Edgartown Great Pond, near a home owned by the Obamas. The Massachusetts State Police said the former president and first lady were not present at the time of the drowning.", "source_url": "https://www.npr.org/2023/07/25/1189911880/obama-chef-drown-marthas-vineyard", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Where did US president Barak Obama\u2019s family chef, Tafari Campbell die?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "About a month ago, I made a non-grip-related change to my swing that has resulted in the best ball striking of my life. Unfortunately I now rub raw the skin of the outside of the first knuckle on my right ring finger (I'm a righty). It consistently blisters and comes open within a few holes. As far as I can tell, it is caused by friction with my left index finger as I interlock my grip. It's really painful and I have been putting 5 layers of athletic tape on before the round to prevent this. The tape does a pretty good job but I don't think I should need to tape up my fingers every time I golf.\n\n", "source_url": "https://www.reddit.com/r/golf/comments/3cvvaq/right_ring_finger_raw/", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Why do people put tape on their hands whilst playing golf?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}], "justification": "The claim is successfully refuted by proving that the Obamas were not visiting Martha's Vineyard where and when the death occurred. Further, it is demonstrated with a personal account how golfers frequently tape their fingers to prevent blisters. CLAIM_IMG_2 clearly shows Obama with a golf iron in his right hand.", "claim_text": "Bandages around former President Barack Obama\u2019s hand on Friday are suspicious and suggest he was involved in the death of his family chef.", "claim_images": ["679669fbe2f02e5f4989ec06#CLAIM#0.jpg", "679669fbe2f02e5f4989ec06#CLAIM#1.jpg", "679669fbe2f02e5f4989ec06#CLAIM#2.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "MAGA Underground", "transcription": "", "media_source": "", "original_claim_url": "https://www.facebook.com/MAGAUnderground1/posts/pfbid0bySkYEDb3wx4uuYpz8QA9rejBoMnCZhuVAHM9xbAJ3M2BnWDq1654wJP561vktxcl?_rdc=1&_rdr", "reporting_source": "Facebook ", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Reverse Image Search"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20241228090855/https://www.newsmobile.in/nm-fact-checker/fact-check-2017-video-from-brazil-goes-viral-as-man-shot-dead-by-customers-at-texas-convenience-store-in-us/", "date": "2023-07-07", "label": "Refuted", "location": "US", "questions": [{"input_images": ["67966b1ae2f02e5f4989ed40#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Abstractive", "answer_text": "The image is a screenshot from a Youtube video, with a description that states \"In Goias, Brazil, an unlucky robber was shot and killed when the three men he was attempting to rob were off duty policemen.\"", "source_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vdph9XO0keo", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Where is this image from?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Boolean", "answer_text": "Yes", "source_url": "https://g1.globo.com/goias/noticia/menor-deixa-arma-cair-e-e-morto-por-policiais-a-paisana-ao-assaltar-farmacia-de-itumbiara-veja-video.ghtml", "source_medium": "Web text", "boolean_explanation": "A report published June 2, 2017 on El Heraldo  titled: Brasil: Ladr\u00f3n es ultimado al intentar asaltar una farmacia llena de polic\u00edas (English: Brazil: Thief is killed when trying to rob a pharmacy full of police) discusses the incident and includes a video that shows the scene from the image in the claim."}], "question": "Are there any news reports on the robbery incident in Brazil where the 17 year old robber was killed?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}], "justification": "Based on the evidence, the image is misused: it  was taken in Brazil and not Texas. Therefore, the claim is refuted.", "claim_text": "A robber was shot dead by customers in a convenience store in Texas.", "claim_images": ["67966b1ae2f02e5f4989ed40#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "Mike Noder", "transcription": "Man uses a gun to rob a Texas convenience store. Man was shot by every customer inside the store.", "media_source": "", "original_claim_url": "https://www.facebook.com/photo/?fbid=10224824247088500&set=a.1110868446927", "reporting_source": "Facebook ", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Reverse Image Search", "Keyword Search"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240116043009/https://factcheck.afp.com/doc.afp.com.33PR7RF", "date": "2023-07-13", "label": "Refuted", "location": "US", "questions": [{"input_images": ["67978606e2f02e5f498b50e1#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "The photo was taken during an anti-lockdown protest in the Swedish capital Stockholm.", "source_url": "https://perma.cc/B7RQ-DLVM", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "What is the event in the image?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67978606e2f02e5f498b50e1#INPUT#1#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "In March 2021.", "source_url": "https://perma.cc/B7RQ-DLVM", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "When was the image taken?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}], "justification": "The claim is successfully refuted by proving that the image depicts a protest in Stockholm on March 6, 2021, not a protest against Biden in Finland in 2023.", "claim_text": "Photo shows Finnish people protesting US President Joe Biden's visit in July 2023.", "claim_images": ["67978606e2f02e5f498b50e1#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "Min Ayeyar", "transcription": "", "media_source": "", "original_claim_url": "https://archive.ph/WF1GP", "reporting_source": "Facebook", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Reverse Image Search", "Keyword Search", "Image Analysis"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240221150641/https://www.sochfactcheck.com/claim-pakistani-newspapers-did-not-mention-greece-boat-disaster-is-incorrect-mustafa-wynne/", "date": "2023-06-17", "label": "Refuted", "location": "PK", "questions": [{"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Boolean", "answer_text": "Yes", "source_url": "https://ghostarchive.org/archive/xDEpb", "source_medium": "Image/graphic", "boolean_explanation": "It was featured on the front page of its June 18th, 2023 paper."}], "question": "Did Dawn feature the Greece boat disaster story on their front page?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Boolean", "answer_text": "Yes", "source_url": "https://ghostarchive.org/archive/lIJTe", "source_medium": "Image/graphic", "boolean_explanation": "It was featured on the front page of its June 18th, 2023 paper."}], "question": "Did The News feature the Greece boat disaster story on their front page?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Boolean", "answer_text": "Yes", "source_url": "https://ghostarchive.org/archive/3qQ9g", "source_medium": "Image/graphic", "boolean_explanation": "It was featured on the front page of its June 18th, 2023 paper."}], "question": "Did Tribune feature the Greece boat disaster story on their front page?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}], "justification": "The claim is refuted by QA pairs. However, neither of the three links are working.", "claim_text": "Three \u201cmajor newspapers of Pakistan\u201d \u2014 including Dawn, Tribune, and The News \u2014 did not publish on their front pages news about the hundreds of Pakistanis who drowned in the Greece boat disaster in June 2023.", "claim_images": ["67a172dae2f02e5f49958033#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "@mustafa_wynne", "transcription": "", "media_source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230618194708im_/https://pbs.twimg.com/media/Fy6C3_8aYAEcHyS?format=jpg&name=large", "original_claim_url": "https://ghostarchive.org/archive/zD3rO", "reporting_source": "Twitter", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Image Analysis"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Textual refuted"], "image_misuse_types": [], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230629033012/https://www.thequint.com/news/webqoof/misleading-claim-about-prime-minister-narendra-modis-address-to-us-congress-goes-viral-fact-check", "date": "2023-06-21", "label": "Refuted", "location": "IN", "questions": [{"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Abstractive", "answer_text": "Twice. Once on June 8, 2016 and once on June 22, 2023.", "source_url": "https://history.house.gov/Institution/Foreign-Leaders/Joint-Sessions/", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "How many times has Narendra Modi addressed the joint meeting?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Abstractive", "answer_text": "United Kingdom Prime Minister Winston Churchill, South African President Nelson Mandela, and Israeli Prime Minister Binyamin Netanyahu.", "source_url": "https://history.house.gov/Institution/Foreign-Leaders/Joint-Sessions/", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Who, besides PM Modi, has addressed the capital joint meeting of Congress more than once?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}], "justification": "The claim is successfully refuted by providing official U.S. proof that others aside from Modi have addressed the capitol joint meeting of Congress more than twice.", "claim_text": "Indian Prime minister Narendra  Modi is the only world leader, apart from former Prime Minister of the United Kingdom Winston Churchill, to be addressing the capitol joint meeting of Congress  in the USA twice", "claim_images": ["67a17483e2f02e5f4995807c#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "@KotiSuryaNaray1", "transcription": "", "media_source": "https://rejouer.perma.cc/replay-web-page/w/id-59727541f286/im_/https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FzMvdKuWwAEEU2a?format=jpg&name=900x900", "original_claim_url": "https://perma.cc/37ZB-DG93", "reporting_source": "Twitter", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230313103406/https://factcheck.afp.com/doc.afp.com.33AU688", "date": "2023-06-03", "label": "Not Enough Evidence", "location": "BD", "questions": [{"input_images": ["67a17d32e2f02e5f49958122#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Unanswerable", "answer_text": "No answer could be found."}], "question": "Who is the person in the photo?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "Two people, namely, Zahid Hasan and Ariful Haque, died during the incident.", "source_url": "https://www.opindia.com/2023/03/islamists-attack-ahmadiyyas-panchagarh-bangladesh/", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Who was confirmed to have died during the anti-Qadiani movement in Panchagarh?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}], "justification": "Although the source names two people who died whose names are not Anjum, nothing in the source refers to anti-Qadiani persons. The article provided mentions the Ahmadiyya community only.", "claim_text": "Mohammad Rifat Anjum died during the anti-Qadiani movement in Panchagarh", "claim_images": ["67a17d32e2f02e5f49958122#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "I am Muslim.", "transcription": "Anti-Qadiani movement in Panchgarh another martyr Innalillahi Wa Innailaihi Rajiun! This brother is the second martyr in the anti-Qadiani movement in Panchagarh, Rabbe Karim grant this brother the highest place in Jannah, Ameen.", "media_source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230315024439im_/https://archive.ph/JBbnv/800253244532a967d33790adfded8520e6fdb480.jpg", "original_claim_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230315024213/https://archive.ph/JBbnv", "reporting_source": "Facebook", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Consultation", "Keyword Search"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240331213020/https://fullfact.org/online/missing-girl-sofia-hoax-appeal/", "date": "2023-06-29", "label": "Refuted", "location": "GB", "questions": [{"input_images": ["67a26631e2f02e5f499601dd#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "Ruby", "source_url": "https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-york-north-yorkshire-56008870?fbclid=IwAR1SJ7VeYc_0YjkMYvqAbEz92kqexLA6_4d7Rz8rmrPO1faznlFyN5c_Buw", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "What is the name of the girl in the photo?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "\u201cSilver Alerts\u201d is an US program helping to locate missing elderly people.", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240618222840/https://www.silvereco.org/en/usa-silver-alert-program-for-finding-missing-elderly/", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Where does the \"silver alert\" program operate? ", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "United Kingdom", "source_url": "Metadata", "source_medium": "Metadata"}], "question": "Where was the claim made?", "answer_method": "Metadata", "question_type": ["Metadata-related"]}], "justification": "The claim is successfully refuted by proving that the child is named Ruby, she lives in the UK, and that silver alerts are issued in the U.S. for missing senior citizens.", "claim_text": "A five-year-old girl named Sofia is missing after going out on her bike and failing to return home. A silver alert has been issued following her disappearance.", "claim_images": ["67a26631e2f02e5f499601dd#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "Carl H", "transcription": "", "media_source": "https://scontent-man2-1.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t39.30808-6/468976010_447181245095043_1252038791853048448_n.jpg?_nc_cat=110&ccb=1-7&_nc_sid=aa7b47&_nc_ohc=gk-ENLaFvcIQ7kNvgFfIpAF&_nc_zt=23&_nc_ht=scontent-man2-1.xx&_nc_gid=AWBzafxh0JiikDYhR18nB5Y&oh=00_AYC-GxHbOchmxIJ4ANyp84dIg7YbxuKLJsfIPycA01mwVw&oe=67983DEF", "original_claim_url": "https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=109477908865380&set=gm.1700243117071211&type=3&theater", "reporting_source": "facebook", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240417104618/https://factcheck.afp.com/doc.afp.com.33K67FJ", "date": "2023-06-15", "label": "Refuted", "location": "PH", "questions": [{"input_images": ["67a28d8ce2f02e5f49963b30#INPUT#0#0.jpg", "67a28d8ce2f02e5f49963b30#INPUT#0#1.jpg", "67a28d8ce2f02e5f49963b30#INPUT#0#2.jpg", "67a28d8ce2f02e5f49963b30#INPUT#0#3.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "Herol De Guzman", "source_url": "https://www.facebook.com/photo/?fbid=2369772333193829&set=a.324403367730746", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Who originally published these images?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67a28d8ce2f02e5f49963b30#INPUT#1#0.jpg", "67a28d8ce2f02e5f49963b30#INPUT#1#1.jpg", "67a28d8ce2f02e5f49963b30#INPUT#1#2.jpg", "67a28d8ce2f02e5f49963b30#INPUT#1#3.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "Majestic A.I Generated Mayon Volcano", "source_url": "https://www.facebook.com/photo/?fbid=2369772333193829&set=a.324403367730746", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "What caption was originally featured with these images?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}], "justification": "The claim is successfully refuted by proving that the images are AI-generated by Herol de Guzman.", "claim_text": "Genuine images of Mayon volcano's eruption in 2023.", "claim_images": ["67a28d8ce2f02e5f49963b30#CLAIM#0.jpg", "67a28d8ce2f02e5f49963b30#CLAIM#1.jpg", "67a28d8ce2f02e5f49963b30#CLAIM#2.jpg", "67a28d8ce2f02e5f49963b30#CLAIM#3.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "Costales Bhabez Magnumstriker", "transcription": "", "media_source": "https://archive.ph/46v7I/373b4a5ae154e869172b711704d43f15f5a13edf.jpg", "original_claim_url": "https://archive.ph/46v7I", "reporting_source": "Facebook", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Consultation", "Reverse Image Search", "Keyword Search", "Image Analysis"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240802130143/https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/google-maps-request-to-race-drivers/", "date": "2023-06-18", "label": "Refuted", "location": "US", "questions": [{"input_images": ["67a36bd7e2f02e5f4996cdd0#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Abstractive", "answer_text": "On the Twitter account of Soren Iverson.", "source_url": "https://archive.ph/SMeTe#selection-859.20-859.55", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Where was this image originally published?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "The Costa Mesa-based designer, who works at Cash App by day, has quickly built a huge audience for his extracurricular project: a daily screenshot of satirical, real-looking features added to popular consumer technologies.", "source_url": "https://www.sfgate.com/tech/article/soren-iverson-california-tech-satire-17816355.php", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Who is Soren Iverson and what does he do?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67a36bd7e2f02e5f4996cdd0#INPUT#2#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Boolean", "answer_text": "Yes", "source_url": "https://archive.ph/SMeTe#selection-859.20-859.55", "source_medium": "Web text", "boolean_explanation": "Soren Iverson disclosed that the image is a satirical UI design when he posted it on Twitter."}], "question": "Is the Google Maps feature mockup in the image a satirical piece by Soren Iverson?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}], "justification": "The claim is successfuly refuted by proving that the image is from a satirical source.", "claim_text": "Google Maps is adding a feature that allows drivers to challenge each other to a race.", "claim_images": ["67a36bd7e2f02e5f4996cdd0#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "@soren_iverson", "transcription": "", "media_source": "https://archive.ph/SMeTe/8a226b6adc1602be86a95dfb6a6715cf7a41bfe4.jpg", "original_claim_url": "https://archive.ph/SMeTe", "reporting_source": "Twitter", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Satirical Source Identification"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Textual refuted"], "image_misuse_types": [], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240111024754/https://www.indiatoday.in/fact-check/story/breastfeeding-mother-not-manipur-violence-victim-old-photo-viral-clashes-fact-check-2394932-2023-06-19", "date": "2023-06-17", "label": "Refuted", "location": "IN", "questions": [{"input_images": ["67a373a2e2f02e5f4996d2aa#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Boolean", "answer_text": "Yes", "source_url": "https://www.facebook.com/story.php?story_fbid=pfbid02J7TBz6SaFbGtcrSsvy5pXXNERFn14neaEQSpjyKKUDPZ2pKYg3MyiVVtA3cGhZG7l&id=100071103964930&mibextid=Nif5oz", "source_medium": "Web text", "boolean_explanation": "The image was shared in a Facebook post by Bago Thu Khin Oo in September of 2021."}], "question": "Was the image shared online prior to 2023?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "Manipur witnessed large scale ethnic violence in the first week of May 2023.", "source_url": "https://www.idsa.in/system/files/issuebrief/ib-kuki%E2%80%93meitei-conflict-pdas-300523.pdf", "source_medium": "PDF"}], "question": "When did the recent violence erupt between the Meitei and Kuki communities in Manipur?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}], "justification": "The claim is successfully refuted by proving that the image is of 2021 domestic violence, and not of 2023 ethnic violence.", "claim_text": "Photo shows victim of the ongoing recent violence between the ethnic Meitei and Kuki communities in Manipur, India.", "claim_images": ["67a373a2e2f02e5f4996d2aa#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "@auztynn_shimray ", "transcription": "", "media_source": "https://archive.is/7zAew/7aeb9fe84f4c01f60de3aecee17b74d510739024.jpg", "original_claim_url": "https://archive.is/7zAew", "reporting_source": "X (Formally Twitter)", "claim_types": ["Causal Claim", "Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Reverse Image Search", "Keyword Search"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230929123525/https://www.telugupost.com/english-factcheck/viral-images-of-anti-modi-posters-are-not-related-to-recent-us-visit-1482117", "date": "2023-06-20", "label": "Refuted", "location": "IN", "questions": [{"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Abstractive", "answer_text": "June 22, 2023", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20231003025522/https://www.thequint.com/opinion/rahul-gandhi-in-us-affirmative-and-astute-his-message-to-modi-fans-with-love#read-more", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "When was Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi's visit to the U.S.?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67a37aebe2f02e5f4996d43f#INPUT#1#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "A purported billboard that screamed: \u201cMr. N Modi, we only rob bank, you rob the whole nation.\u201d The sledgehammer declaration was accompanied by pictures of the masked characters from Money Heist, the Netflix series that chronicles the saga of eight thieves and a criminal mastermind.", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230128061758/https://www.telegraphindia.com/india/hyderabad-welcomes-narendra-modi-with-sarcastic-billboard/cid/1872917", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "What does the image show?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67a37aebe2f02e5f4996d43f#INPUT#2#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "At LB Nagar circle.", "source_url": "https://telanganatoday.com/hyderabad-money-heist-hoarding-at-lb-nagar-calls-pm-modi-nation-robber", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Where was the billboard in the image?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Abstractive", "answer_text": "Hyderabad, Telangana, India", "source_url": "https://ridewithgps.com/routes/21471642", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "What city and country is LB Nagar circle in?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Commonsense-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67a37aebe2f02e5f4996d43f#INPUT#4#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "1 JULY 2022", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230929123525/https://telanganatoday.com/hyderabad-money-heist-hoarding-at-lb-nagar-calls-pm-modi-nation-robber", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "When was the billboard in the image put up?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}], "justification": "The claim is successfully refuted by proving that the poster appeared in Hyderabad, Telangana, India in 2022, a full year before Modi's visit to the U.S.", "claim_text": "Image shows anti Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi posters in the USA just ahead of his recent US visit.", "claim_images": ["67a37aebe2f02e5f4996d43f#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "@abdquddus117", "transcription": "", "media_source": "https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FzDcYzsaIAEeD9v?format=jpg&name=small", "original_claim_url": "https://x.com/abdquddus117/status/1671077782888267776?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw", "reporting_source": "X (Formally Twitter)", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Reverse Image Search", "Geolocation"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230629072308/https://factcheck.afp.com/doc.afp.com.33L42LD", "date": "2023-06-01", "label": "Refuted", "location": "TH", "questions": [{"input_images": ["67a39144e2f02e5f4996d50a#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Abstractive", "answer_text": "The photo shows a handcuffed man in a purple polo shirt being escorted away from a building by a man wearing a uniform."}], "question": "What does the image show?", "answer_method": "Image Analysis", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67a39144e2f02e5f4996d50a#INPUT#1#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Abstractive", "answer_text": "Reuters", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230629072308/https://www.reuters.com/article/uk-thailand-rights/freedom-of-speech-reaches-new-low-in-junta-ruled-thailand-idUKKBN0TZ15220151216", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "What website first published the photo?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67a39144e2f02e5f4996d50a#INPUT#2#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "December 16, 2015", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230629072308/https://www.reuters.com/article/uk-thailand-rights/freedom-of-speech-reaches-new-low-in-junta-ruled-thailand-idUKKBN0TZ15220151216", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "When did Reuter's publish the photo?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67a39144e2f02e5f4996d50a#INPUT#3#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "A factory worker was charged with sedition and mocking King Bhumibol Adulyadej\u2019s dog. ", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230629202215/https://www.reuters.com/article/uk-thailand-rights/freedom-of-speech-reaches-new-low-in-junta-ruled-thailand-idUKKBN0TZ15220151216", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "What was the person in the photo arrested for?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Text-related", "Image-related"]}], "justification": "The claim is successfully refuted by proving that the man was arrested in Thailand for insulting royalty, not Buddhism.", "claim_text": "photo shows a handcuffed person being led away by police  in Thailand, for insulting Buddhism.", "claim_images": ["67a39144e2f02e5f4996d50a#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "  Sanka Dasun", "transcription": "", "media_source": "https://archive.ph/wgpmI/5ea88031394a38707ad3583be85ccbf8e73e99ab.jpg", "original_claim_url": "https://archive.ph/wgpmI#selection-768.0-848.0", "reporting_source": "Facebook user post", "claim_types": ["Causal Claim", "Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Reverse Image Search"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Textual refuted", "Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230701214313/https://fullfact.org/online/online-dog-stolen-US-photo/", "date": "2023-06-08", "label": "Refuted", "location": "GB", "questions": [{"input_images": ["67a5284be2f02e5f4998e0da#INPUT#0#0.jpg", "67a5284be2f02e5f4998e0da#INPUT#0#1.jpg", "67a5284be2f02e5f4998e0da#INPUT#0#2.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "Jersey Coast Emergency News", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230608015113/https://jerseycoastemergencynews.com/2023/05/12/man-steals-dogs-from-homes/", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Which website were the images originally published on?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67a5284be2f02e5f4998e0da#INPUT#1#0.jpg", "67a5284be2f02e5f4998e0da#INPUT#1#1.jpg", "67a5284be2f02e5f4998e0da#INPUT#1#2.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "This theft allegedly happened in Ocean County.", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230608015113/https://jerseycoastemergencynews.com/2023/05/12/man-steals-dogs-from-homes/", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Where does Jersey Coast Emergency News say the images were taken?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Boolean", "answer_text": "No", "source_url": "https://ocymca.org/", "source_medium": "Web text", "boolean_explanation": "Ocean County is in New Jersey, a state in the United States."}], "question": "Is Ocean County in the UK?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Commonsense-related"]}], "justification": "The claim is successfully refuted by proving that the theft occurred in the U.S., not the U.K.", "claim_text": "Photo shows a dog being stolen in the UK by a man with a gun.", "claim_images": ["67a5284be2f02e5f4998e0da#CLAIM#0.jpg", "67a5284be2f02e5f4998e0da#CLAIM#1.jpg", "67a5284be2f02e5f4998e0da#CLAIM#2.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "", "transcription": "", "media_source": "", "original_claim_url": "", "reporting_source": "social media posts.", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Reverse Image Search", "Fact-checker Reference"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Textual refuted", "Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240522214539/https://www.boomlive.in/fact-check/politics/balsore-train-accident-odisha-bahanaga-bazar-sharif-ali-assistant-station-master-sb-mohanty-run-away-false-claim-22167", "date": "2023-06-05", "label": "Refuted", "location": "IN", "questions": [{"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "Bahanaga Assistant Station Master SB Mohanty", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230605050505/https://kalingatv.com/state/odisha-train-accident-bahanaga-assistant-station-master-is-on-the-run-case-registered/", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Who was reported to have run away in response to the Odisha train accident?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}], "justification": "The claim is successfully refuted by proving that the station master on the run was SB Mohanty, not Sharif Ali", "claim_text": "Station Master Shairf Ali At Bahanaga Bazar Station run away.", "claim_images": ["67a529f9e2f02e5f4998e155#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "Sujatha Ananthan", "transcription": "", "media_source": "https://ghostarchive.org/archive/replay/w/id-cdcd88dc7108/im_/https://scontent-lga3-2.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t39.30808-6/350485005_1490481021485697_5838396028200396717_n.jpg?_nc_cat=109&ccb=1-7&_nc_sid=730e14&_nc_ohc=shWcxnmMtpYAX_Uw8xk&_nc_ht=scontent-lga3-2.xx&oh=00_AfAHtOFz7UTxh8i1rF-BD4WKfVfkd51ksCp_vVWfyTg3fg&oe=64817014", "original_claim_url": "https://ghostarchive.org/archive/7SDBA", "reporting_source": "Facebook", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Consultation", "Image Analysis", "Fact-checker Reference"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240723220458/https://www.altnews.in/bleeding-woman-breastfeeding-baby-image-not-from-manipur-at-least-2-year-old/", "date": "2023-06-18", "label": "Refuted", "location": "IN", "questions": [{"input_images": ["67ab54b278ffc1b9fb7574b5#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "The oldest found instance of the image was from September 28, 2021.", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240723220458/https://www.facebook.com/thol.bena.3/posts/215411597317908", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "When was the image originally posted online?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67ab54b278ffc1b9fb7574b5#INPUT#1#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "The image originated from Thailand, not Manipur.", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240723220458/https://archive.is/2ScT7", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Where was the image taken?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}], "justification": " The image showing an injured woman bleeding from her head and breastfeeding her child is not from violence-stricken Manipur. The image was first posted online in 2021 and originates from Thailand, not Manipur", "claim_text": "A picture shows an injured woman bleeding from her head and breastfeeding her child is from violence-stricken Manipur.", "claim_images": ["67ab54b278ffc1b9fb7574b5#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "@jadonjpr", "transcription": "", "media_source": "", "original_claim_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240712220507/https://web.archive.org/web/20230620123104/https://twitter.com/jadonjpr/status/1670398261864325120", "reporting_source": "Twitter", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Media Source Discovery", "Reverse Image Search", "Fact-checker Reference"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20241127031203/https://newschecker.in/fact-check/viral-photo-claiming-to-show-debris-of-the-titan-submersible-is-from-2004/", "date": "2023-06-22", "label": "Refuted", "location": "US", "questions": [{"input_images": ["67ab55a278ffc1b9fb75752a#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "The picture was published in 2004.", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20241127031203/https://www.alamy.com/this-2004-image-provided-by-the-university-of-rhode-islands-institute-for-exploration-and-center-for-archaeological-oceanography-and-the-national-oceanic-and-atmospheric-administrations-office-of-ocean-exploration-shows-the-shoes-of-one-of-the-possible-victims-of-the-titanic-disaster-a-companys-plan-to-retrieve-the-titanics-radio-has-sparked-a-debate-over-whether-the-famous-shipwreck-still-holds-human-remains-institute-for-explorat", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "When was the picture originally published?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "The image is of the shoes of a possible victim of the Titanic disaster.", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20241127031203/https://www.latimes.com/world-nation/story/2020-10-18/plan-retrieve-titanic-radio-spurs-debate-on-human-remains", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "What is seen in the image?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}], "justification": "The claim is successfully refuted by proving that the 2004 image shows Titanic victims' shoes, not 2023 Titan debris.", "claim_text": "Photo of debris of Titan submersible, which imploded during its descent to the Titanic shipwreck site in June 2023.", "claim_images": ["67ab55a278ffc1b9fb75752a#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "@SteelToss", "transcription": "Missing Titan Debris FOUND", "media_source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230623052841im_/https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FzPz0F1XgBE82z2?format=jpg&name=large", "original_claim_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230623052841/https://twitter.com/SteelToss/status/1671947966133796889", "reporting_source": "Twitter", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Media Source Discovery", "Reverse Image Search", "Keyword Search"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230703211710/https://www.thip.media/health-news-fact-check/fact-check-does-the-social-media-post-show-worlds-darkest-baby/48580/", "date": "2023-06-09", "label": "Refuted", "location": "IN", "questions": [{"input_images": ["67ab5d2778ffc1b9fb75bcb0#INPUT#0#0.jpg", "67ab5d2778ffc1b9fb75bcb0#INPUT#0#1.jpg", "67ab5d2778ffc1b9fb75bcb0#INPUT#0#2.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "The image is not of a real baby. It is of a doll sculpted by US artist Lilah Pearson.", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230703211710/https://www.etsy.com/shop/breathofheaven", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Is the image of a real baby?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67ab5d2778ffc1b9fb75bcb0#INPUT#1#0.jpg", "67ab5d2778ffc1b9fb75bcb0#INPUT#1#1.jpg", "67ab5d2778ffc1b9fb75bcb0#INPUT#1#2.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "A website used similar images to sell a baby gorilla monkey.", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230703211710/https://www.seller4ukuk.com/?category_id=6943119", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Was this doll used to represent anything else?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67ab5d2778ffc1b9fb75bcb0#INPUT#2#0.jpg", "67ab5d2778ffc1b9fb75bcb0#INPUT#2#1.jpg", "67ab5d2778ffc1b9fb75bcb0#INPUT#2#2.jpg", "67ab5d2778ffc1b9fb75bcb0#INPUT#2#3.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "This is not actually a baby, but a polymer clay figurine made by an artist Lila Pearson. It can be purchased online for $50 to $80. It is called the Ooak baby gorilla monkey Clay Doll.", "source_url": "https://nepaliheadlines.com/137808-2/", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "What do the images show?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}], "justification": "The image does not show the world's darkest baby. It actually depicts a polymer clay figurine sculpted by artist Lilah Pearson, not a real baby.", "claim_text": "Picture shows world\u2019s darkest baby.", "claim_images": ["67ab5d2778ffc1b9fb75bcb0#CLAIM#0.jpg", "67ab5d2778ffc1b9fb75bcb0#CLAIM#1.jpg", "67ab5d2778ffc1b9fb75bcb0#CLAIM#2.jpg", "67ab5d2778ffc1b9fb75bcb0#CLAIM#3.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "Chinaza ucheoma page", "transcription": "", "media_source": "https://scontent-lga3-1.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t39.30808-6/473177039_524243163977008_981011868971789457_n.jpg?_nc_cat=108&ccb=1-7&_nc_sid=833d8c&_nc_ohc=twBUPZ7yfAMQ7kNvgFNrQah&_nc_zt=23&_nc_ht=scontent-lga3-1.xx&_nc_gid=AwLTC-EtPhi02dwejVy1sO9&oh=00_AYArOXrfXaYzWaUaq8rtTqBz4Y8TwxXT3gcaTDgkajZyDA&oe=678A448F", "original_claim_url": "https://www.facebook.com/photo/?fbid=154854214249240&set=a.118518641216131", "reporting_source": "Facebook", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Media Source Discovery", "Reverse Image Search", "Fact-checker Reference"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230711040123/https://www.boomlive.in/fact-check/rahul-gandhi-manipur-kuki-militants-satire-tweet-22406", "date": "2023-06-30", "label": "Refuted", "location": "IN", "questions": [{"input_images": ["67ab67a878ffc1b9fb7614fe#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "The photo is of Kuki insurgents that were arrested for extorting money from businessmen.", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230711040123/https://www.eastmojo.com/manipur/2022/07/26/manipur-kuki-insurgents-using-another-outfits-name-for-extortion-arrested/", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "What does the photo show?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67ab67a878ffc1b9fb7614fe#INPUT#1#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "July 26, 2022", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230711040123/https://www.eastmojo.com/manipur/2022/07/26/manipur-kuki-insurgents-using-another-outfits-name-for-extortion-arrested/", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "When was this image taken?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "He visited on June 29, 2023.", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230711040123/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-66050336", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "When did Rahul Gandhi visit Manipur?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "@AWhiteTigerINC, which was noted as a parody account.", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230711040123/https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:ZUInk_UHFzIJ:https://twitter.com/awhitetigerinc%3Flang%3Den&cd=9&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=in", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Who posted the image suggesting the militants surrendered?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Metadata-related"]}], "justification": "The claim is successfully refuted by proving that the Kuki militants did not surrender in 2023 but were arrested in 2022, and that Rahul Gandhi did not visit Manipur until after their arrest, so they could not have met him.", "claim_text": "Kuki militants who met Rahul Gandhi surrendered and pledged to give up violence and follow Mahatma Gandhi's path.", "claim_images": ["67ab67a878ffc1b9fb7614fe#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "@AWhiteTigerINC", "transcription": "", "media_source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230630125507im_/https://pbs.twimg.com/media/Fz2hiqvaYAUTIuo?format=jpg&name=900x900", "original_claim_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230630125507/https://twitter.com/AWhiteTigerINC/status/1674672255929024513", "reporting_source": "Twitter", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Satirical Source Identification", "Reverse Image Search"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240417200656/https://www.thequint.com/news/webqoof/posters-targeting-pm-narendra-modi-in-usa-money-heist-fact-check", "date": "2023-06-20", "label": "Refuted", "location": "IN", "questions": [{"input_images": ["67aca5ac78ffc1b9fb782219#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Abstractive", "answer_text": "The posters were displayed in Hyderabad's Lal Bahadur Nagar.", "source_url": "https://newschecker.in/fact-check/old-unrelated-images-shared-claiming-to-show-anti-modi-posters-in-us-amid-pms-visit", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Where was the poster in the picture displayed?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67aca5ac78ffc1b9fb782219#INPUT#1#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "They were displayed in July 2022 ahead of the BJP national executive meeting.", "source_url": "https://newschecker.in/fact-check/old-unrelated-images-shared-claiming-to-show-anti-modi-posters-in-us-amid-pms-visit", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "When were they displayed?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Unanswerable", "answer_text": "No answer could be found."}], "question": "Is there any evidence of such posters being put up in the United States ahead of Modi's visit to the country?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}], "justification": "There is no evidence to support the claim that a poster targeting Prime Minister Modi was put up in the United States ahead of his visit. The posters mentioned in the answers were displayed in Hyderabad in 2022, not the United States.", "claim_text": "A poster targeting Prime Minister Narendra Modi was put up in United States ahead of his recent visit to the country.", "claim_images": ["67aca5ac78ffc1b9fb782219#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "@abdquddus117", "transcription": "Mr. N. MODI WE ONLY ROB BANK YOU ROB THE WHOLE NATION", "media_source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230621034917im_/https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FzDcYzsaIAEeD9v?format=jpg&name=900x900", "original_claim_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230621034916/https://twitter.com/abdquddus117/status/1671077782888267776", "reporting_source": "Twitter", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Media Source Discovery", "Reverse Image Search", "Geolocation"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230701103617/https://www.vishvasnews.com/english/politics/fact-check-photo-of-injured-woman-breastfeeding-child-is-unrelated-to-ongoing-manipur-violence/", "date": "2023-06-18", "label": "Refuted", "location": "IN", "questions": [{"input_images": ["67aca90178ffc1b9fb7822d8#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "It was originally uploaded on September 30, 2021.", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230701103617/https://www.facebook.com/permalink.php?story_fbid=280096173841310&id=100055227891520", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "When was this image originally uploaded?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67aca90178ffc1b9fb7822d8#INPUT#1#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "The post claimed that it was from Myanmar.", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230701103617/https://www.facebook.com/permalink.php?story_fbid=280096173841310&id=100055227891520", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Where was the image taken?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67aca90178ffc1b9fb7822d8#INPUT#2#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "Other posts suggest it is from Cambodia or Thailand.", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230701103617/https://www.facebook.com/thol.bena.3/posts/215411597317908", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Has the image been associated with other locations?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}], "justification": "The claim is successfully refuted by proving the image is from 2021 in Myanmar, not from 2023 in Manipur.", "claim_text": "Photo of an injured woman breastfeeding a child is related to the ongoing violence in Manipur.", "claim_images": ["67aca90178ffc1b9fb7822d8#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "@Namaste30135301", "transcription": "", "media_source": "https://pbs.twimg.com/media/Fy4rAxeXsAALsNi?format=jpg&name=large", "original_claim_url": "https://x.com/Namaste30135301/status/1670319813066121217?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw%7Ctwcamp%5Etweetembed%7Ctwterm%5E1670319813066121217%7Ctwgr%5E9a189b8746c972fe29050a3251ad85b1f390122b%7Ctwcon%5Es1_&ref_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vishvasnews.com%2Fwp-admin%2Fpost-new.php", "reporting_source": "Twitter", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Consultation", "Media Source Discovery", "Reverse Image Search"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230613065306/https://www.12newsnow.com/article/news/verify/white-house/white-house-no-flag-code-violations-lgbtq-pride-progress-flag-display/536-03c39081-d868-421b-8a5f-d082bb8b1e29", "date": "2023-06-11", "label": "Refuted", "location": "US", "questions": [{"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Boolean", "answer_text": "No", "source_url": "https://www.legion.org/flag/faq", "source_medium": "Web text", "boolean_explanation": "the American Legion, a veterans organization chartered by Congress in 1919, doesn\u2019t mention where a vertical American flag should be placed in relation to other flags."}], "question": "Does the US flag code say anything about placement of the American flag in regard to other flags if the flags are not on staff?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Boolean", "answer_text": "Yes", "source_url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?path=/prelim@title4/chapter1&edition=prelim", "source_medium": "Web text", "boolean_explanation": "\u201cThe flag of the United States of America should be at the center and at the highest point of the group when a number of flags of States or localities or pennants of societies are grouped and displayed from staffs,\u201d "}], "question": "Does the US flag code say anything about placement of the American flag in regard to other flags if the flags are displayed on staff?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "\u201cIt should be displayed vertically, whether indoors or out, and suspended so that its folds fall free as though the flag were staffed \u201cThe stripes may be displayed either horizontally or vertically against a wall, and the union should be uppermost and to the flag\u2019s own right (that is, to the observer\u2019s left). When displayed in a window of a home or a place of business, the flag should be displayed in the same way (that is, with the union or blue field to the left of the observer in the street).\u201d", "source_url": "https://www.legion.org/flag/faq", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "What does the flag code says about the US flag should be displayed other than from on staff", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}], "justification": "The claim is successfully refuted by providing pertinent portions of the law governing U.S. Flag use and display in a vertical position.", "claim_text": "The White House violated flag code by putting a LGBTQ+ pride flag in between two U.S. flags.", "claim_images": ["67acf68b78ffc1b9fb789da1#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "Roger Marshall", "transcription": "", "media_source": "", "original_claim_url": "https://x.com/RogerMarshallMD/status/1667942869519269890", "reporting_source": "X", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Media Source Discovery", "Keyword Search"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Textual refuted", "Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240808083102/https://checkyourfact.com/2023/06/13/fact-check-dogs-thailand-flood-ukraine/", "date": "2023-06-06", "label": "Refuted", "location": "UA", "questions": [{"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Abstractive", "answer_text": "The image was published in Pattayamail.com on 27 Oct 2022.", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240922213046/https://www.pattayamail.com/news/soi-dog-foundation-delivers-over-210-tons-of-food-relief-to-animals-in-flood-hit-provinces-414269", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "When was the image first published?", "answer_method": "Metadata", "question_type": ["Metadata-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "KYIV, June 9, 2023 (Reuters) - Evidence was growing on Friday that there was an explosion at the Kakhovka dam in southern Ukraine around the time it collapsed, according to Ukrainian and U.S. intelligence reports and seismic data from Norway.", "source_url": "https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/ukraine-security-service-says-it-intercepted-call-proving-russia-destroyed-2023-06-09/", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "When was Kakhovka dam destroyed causing flooding?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}], "justification": "The claim is successfully refuted by proving that the image is from Thailand ten months prior to the Ukranian dam explosion.", "claim_text": "An image shows a group of dogs in flood waters in the aftermath of the Ukranian dam being destroyed.", "claim_images": ["67ad11bf78ffc1b9fb78b07a#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "Yuriy Dryha", "transcription": "", "media_source": "", "original_claim_url": "https://x.com/drigli_/status/1665972016719994882", "reporting_source": "X", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Media Source Discovery"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230928105928/https://en.youturn.in/factcheck/photo-of-an-expressway-in-china-shared-as-jk-nh-44-crediting-to-modi.html", "date": "2023-06-26", "label": "Refuted", "location": "IN", "questions": [{"input_images": ["67ae140278ffc1b9fb7a2c8b#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "The image is of the Weiyuan-Wudu expressway in Northwest China's Gansu province.", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230928105928/https://www.caixinglobal.com/2022-07-27/gallery-china-has-big-plans-for-highway-expansion-101918633.html", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "What is seen in the image?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67ae140278ffc1b9fb7a2c8b#INPUT#1#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "It opened January 1, 2020, for trial operation.", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230928105928/http://gansu.gscn.com.cn/system/2020/01/01/012296925.shtml", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "When was this stretch of road opened?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}], "justification": "The claim is successfully refuted by proving that the image is from 2020 in China, not 2023 in Jammu, India.", "claim_text": "The image of an expressway depicts Jammu National Highway 44", "claim_images": ["67ae140278ffc1b9fb7a2c8b#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "Er sachin rajpoot", "transcription": "", "media_source": "https://scontent-lga3-2.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t39.30808-6/356416033_715082943962100_3200613076746742821_n.jpg?_nc_cat=101&ccb=1-7&_nc_sid=833d8c&_nc_ohc=J0_Rd3FNynUQ7kNvgFbPp_M&_nc_zt=23&_nc_ht=scontent-lga3-2.xx&_nc_gid=AWTgeNkjms2WvG1nLQ6dZq6&oh=00_AYDL0nXR8HMBuTwo7riWbsXAiSdbKvSb28GrJW2CeEQizA&oe=678CA787", "original_claim_url": "https://www.facebook.com/100063812023244/posts/pfbid02AfkYiiD5qh2jZXeX85zkvHB8aD2ePiuW5Lm6CYvN3MEc231zzJ9bX3BjvDJ5fmHHl/?mibextid=cr9u03", "reporting_source": "Facebook", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Media Source Discovery", "Reverse Image Search"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20241225010842/https://checkyourfact.com/2023/06/13/fact-check-children-underground-captivity/", "date": "2023-06-04", "label": "Refuted", "location": "US", "questions": [{"input_images": ["67ae140578ffc1b9fb7a2d7e#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Abstractive", "answer_text": "The picture was published on March 30, 2020.", "source_url": "https://www.afpforum.com/AFPForum/Search/ViewMedia.aspx?mui=3&hid=B47B972FBD9E0451AFC5CE78C184DAB243F6E110D3AC62E7AB4F771904BD6DCF&cck=a1aff2", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "When was the image published?", "answer_method": "Metadata", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67ae140578ffc1b9fb7a2d7e#INPUT#1#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "Volunteers from the International Christian relief organization Samaritan\u2019s Purse set up an Emergency Field Hospital for patients suffering from the coronavirus in Central Park across Fifth Avenue from Mt. Sinai Hospital on March 30, 2020 in New York.", "source_url": "https://www.afpforum.com/AFPForum/Search/ViewMedia.aspx?mui=3&hid=B47B972FBD9E0451AFC5CE78C184DAB243F6E110D3AC62E7AB4F771904BD6DCF&cck=a1aff2", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "What does the picture show?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}], "justification": "The claim is successfully refuted by proving that the tents were set up in 2020 for Coronavirus patients, not in 2023 for captive children.", "claim_text": "A photo shows tents set up in New York City to treat children kept in underground captivity.", "claim_images": ["67ae140578ffc1b9fb7a2d7e#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "THiS LiL' MiSS Can't Be Wrong", "transcription": "", "media_source": "", "original_claim_url": "https://x.com/l42022425/status/1665422432570679296", "reporting_source": "X", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Consultation"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240718052307/https://factcheck.afp.com/doc.afp.com.33HQ7UV", "date": "2023-06-07", "label": "Refuted", "location": "KR", "questions": [{"input_images": ["67ae18a578ffc1b9fb7a3087#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "The image was posted on August 15, 2013.", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240718052307/https://www.moroccoworldnews.com/2013/08/101130/egypt-police-takes-over-mosque-with-protester-bodies-islamists-2", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "When was the image originally posted?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67ae18a578ffc1b9fb7a3087#INPUT#1#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "The image is of the bodies of several dozen Islamist protesters in an Egyptian mosque.", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240718052307/https://www.moroccoworldnews.com/2013/08/101130/egypt-police-takes-over-mosque-with-protester-bodies-islamists-2", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Where are the bodies shown in the image?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}], "justification": "The claim is successfully refuted by proving that the image is a 2013 photo of Islamist victims in an Egyptian mosque.", "claim_text": "Photo shows the bodies of the victims killed in Islamic terrorist attack in France.", "claim_images": ["67ae18a578ffc1b9fb7a3087#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "\ud669\uc131\ubbfc", "transcription": "", "media_source": "https://archive.ph/IIlMw/690a3b6ba2c5f170680bbf9de333b145416643bd.jpg", "original_claim_url": "https://archive.ph/IIlMw", "reporting_source": "Facebook", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Reverse Image Search", "Image Analysis"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230719223620/https://factcheck.afp.com/doc.afp.com.33KE6AK", "date": "2023-06-19", "label": "Refuted", "location": "US", "questions": [{"input_images": ["67ae22e367f879bc89a25e5e#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "The image was posted on May 1, 2013.", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230719223620/https://web.archive.org/web/20130502010942/http://www.whitehouse.gov/photos-and-video/photogallery/may-2013-photo-day", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "When was the picture originally taken?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "No, he was Vice President at the time.", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230719223620/https://web.archive.org/web/20130502010942/http://www.whitehouse.gov/photos-and-video/photogallery/may-2013-photo-day", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Was Joe Biden the President at the time the image was posed?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "No, she was President Obama's assistant for homeland security and counterterrorism.", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230719223620/https://web.archive.org/web/20130502010942/http://www.whitehouse.gov/photos-and-video/photogallery/may-2013-photo-day", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Was Lisa Monaco in the Justice department at the time the image was posted?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}], "justification": "The claim is successfully refuted by providing a link that identifies the woman in the picture as Lisa Monaco, a Homeland Security official, sitting with Vice-President Joe Biden in 2013.", "claim_text": "Photo showing US President Joe Biden with a Justice Department official.", "claim_images": ["67ae22e367f879bc89a25e5e#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "@realDonaldTrump", "transcription": "", "media_source": "https://archive.is/VmxZl/7eba5f03233fa936ea8bf20f4b2f1b3dbea91643.jpg", "original_claim_url": "https://archive.is/VmxZl", "reporting_source": "Truth Social", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Reverse Image Search"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240718053814/https://factcheck.afp.com/doc.afp.com.33HZ2VW", "date": "2023-06-07", "label": "Refuted", "location": "US", "questions": [{"input_images": ["67ae246e67f879bc89a26221#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "The picture was of Rockefeller Center to mark the 50th anniversary of the Stonewall Riots in 2019.", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240718053814/https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Regenbogen_fahnen_Rockfeller_Plaza.JPG", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Where was the picture taken?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "The UN Headquarters is located in the Turtle Bay neighborhood of New York City.", "source_url": "https://ask.un.org/faq/268923", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Is the UN Headquarters located at Rockefeller Center?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}], "justification": "The claim is successfully refuted by proving that the flags were in Rockefeller Center in 2019 and the UN building is in the Turtle Bay area of New York City, not near Rockefeller Center.", "claim_text": "The UN replaced all 193 country flags with LGBT flags outside its headquarters.", "claim_images": ["67ae246e67f879bc89a26221#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "Rosana R\u00e1Bago Sainz", "transcription": "", "media_source": "https://rejouer.perma.cc/replay-web-page/w/id-3db83ae64a7e/im_/https://media.voz.us/wp-offload/prod/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/07151316/FORMATO-IMAGEN-VOZ-MEDIA-1-6.jpg", "original_claim_url": "https://perma.cc/5F2J-UF7A", "reporting_source": "Voz Media", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Consultation", "Reverse Image Search"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230622095143/https://factcheck.afp.com/doc.afp.com.33GZ2C3", "date": "2023-06-04", "label": "Refuted", "location": "IN", "questions": [{"input_images": ["67ae4b5767f879bc89a29e13#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "At least 290 people have been killed and 900 are injured in a crash involving three trains in India's eastern Odisha state", "source_url": "https://armenpress.am/en/article/1112458", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "What train crash does this photo depict?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "Ashwini Vaishnaw, India's railway minister, has suggested the crash happened due to the \"change that occurred during electronic interlocking\".", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230614115127/https://www.channelnewsasia.com/asia/india-train-crash-accident-electronic-signal-system-investigations-3539571#:~:text=An%20average%20of%2020%2C000%20people,per%20cent%20of%20the%20accidents.", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "What was the cause of the Odisha train crash?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "near Bahanaga Bazar railway station in Balasore district, Odisha", "source_url": "https://frontline.thehindu.com/news/odisha-train-tragedy-raises-questions-about-rail-safety-and-signals-system-in-india/article66931852.ece", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Where did the Odisha train accident occur?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67ae4b5767f879bc89a29e13#INPUT#3#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "ISKCON Bahanaga Temple", "source_url": "https://goo.gl/maps/sAyKYhDY8GunTjxt6", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "What is the temple circled in the photo?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "ISKCON belongs to the Gaudiya-Vaishnava samprad\u0101ya, a monotheistic tradition within the Vedic or Hindu culture.", "source_url": "https://www.iskcon.org/about-us/what-is-iskcon.php", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "What type of temple is the ISKCON Bahanaga Temple?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}], "justification": "The claim is successfully refuted by proving that the structure nearby is a Hindu temple and that the crash was attributable to faulty interlocking on the train.", "claim_text": "An aerial photo of the site of the Indian worst train crash shows a mosque nearby -- suggesting Muslims were responsible for the tragedy.", "claim_images": ["67ae4b5767f879bc89a29e13#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "Alok Pandey", "transcription": "\"What's the Friday connection of the Balasore train accident? It's being said that there's a mosque-like structure near the accident site. This angle should be probed?\"", "media_source": "", "original_claim_url": "https://archive.ph/EnMbk", "reporting_source": "Facebook", "claim_types": ["Causal Claim", "Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Consultation", "Image Analysis"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230929012202/https://en.youturn.in/factcheck/murder-of-a-woman-with-om-and-trishul-tattooed-hand-is-shared-with-a-false-communal-angle.html", "date": "2023-06-02", "label": "Supported", "location": "IN", "questions": [{"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "A 25 year\u2019s old Hindu girl\u2019s headless body recovered from sea stuffed in a suitcase. ", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230929012202/https://twitter.com/schoolofvedics1/status/1664664379009433600?s=46&t=kIszbQH_arRSG8kPbuGeZw", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Whose headless body was recovered from sea stuffed in a suitcase according to claim by School of Vedic Science dated 02/06/2023?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Boolean", "answer_text": "Yes", "source_url": "https://www.aajtak.in/india/maharashtra/story/womans-body-found-on-seashore-husband-had-killed-her-in-bhayandar-maharashtra-lclk-1708370-2023-06-03", "source_medium": "Web text", "boolean_explanation": "The deceased woman is identified as Anjali Mintu Singh. "}], "question": "Was the body identified?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67ae6c8967f879bc89a34b39#INPUT#2#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Boolean", "answer_text": "Yes", "source_url": "https://www.aajtak.in/india/maharashtra/story/womans-body-found-on-seashore-husband-had-killed-her-in-bhayandar-maharashtra-lclk-1708370-2023-06-03", "source_medium": "Web text", "boolean_explanation": "It is found that the viral image of the \u2018om\u2019 and \u2018trishul\u2019 tattooed hand is of a Hindu woman."}], "question": "Is the deceased woman Hindu?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Text-related", "Image-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "Preliminary findings from the doctors suggest that the woman was approximately 25-30 years old. ", "source_url": "https://www.mid-day.com/amp/mumbai/mumbai-news/article/mumbai-womans-headless-body-found-in-suitcase-at-uttan-23290149", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "What is the age of the diseased woman?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67ae6c8967f879bc89a34b39#INPUT#4#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": " Yes, the deceased woman was identified as Anjali Mintu Singh.", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230929012202/https://www.mid-day.com/amp/mumbai/mumbai-news/article/mumbai-womans-headless-body-found-in-suitcase-at-uttan-23290149", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Was the body identified?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67ae6c8967f879bc89a34b39#INPUT#5#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "Yes, reports indicate that the woman had Hindu religious tattoos, such as \u2018Om\u2019 and \u2018Trishul,\u2019 confirming her Hindu identity."}], "question": " Is the deceased woman Hindu?", "answer_method": "Image Analysis", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}], "justification": "The answers show that the incident did happen so the claim is supported. The image shows a woman with a Hindu tattoo that was killed and was found in a suitcase.", "claim_text": "A 25 year\u2019s old Hindu girl\u2019s headless body recovered from sea stuffed in a suitcase.", "claim_images": ["67ae6c8967f879bc89a34b39#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "School of Vedic Science", "transcription": "", "media_source": "", "original_claim_url": "https://x.com/schoolofvedics1/status/1664664379009433600?t=kIszbQH_arRSG8kPbuGeZw", "reporting_source": "X", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Keyword Search"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": [], "image_misuse_types": [], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230929012202/https://en.youturn.in/factcheck/murder-of-a-woman-with-om-and-trishul-tattooed-hand-is-shared-with-a-false-communal-angle.html", "date": "2023-06-02", "label": "Refuted", "location": "IN", "questions": [{"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "Two accused (Mintu Rambrij Singh and Chunchun Rambrij Singh) have been arrested in the murder case. The accused are the husband & brother-in-law of the deceased woman.", "source_url": "https://x.com/ANI/status/1665030712486141952", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Who murdered the Hindu girl?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Boolean", "answer_text": "No", "source_url": "https://www.aajtak.in/india/maharashtra/story/womans-body-found-on-seashore-husband-had-killed-her-in-bhayandar-maharashtra-lclk-1708370-2023-06-03", "source_medium": "Web text", "boolean_explanation": "The murderers were identified as the girl's Hindu Husband and brother in law."}], "question": "Were the murderers of the girl muslims?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": " The girl's husband, Mintu Rambrij Singh, and her brother-in-law, Chunchun Rambrij Singh, were arrested for the crime.", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230929012202/https://www.mid-day.com/amp/mumbai/mumbai-news/article/mumbai-womans-headless-body-found-in-suitcase-at-uttan-23290149", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Who was responsible for the girl's murder?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67ae753067f879bc89a34dce#INPUT#3#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "There is no evidence linking the crime to a broader religious conflict; it was a domestic crime.", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230929012202/https://www.aajtak.in/india/maharashtra/story/womans-body-found-on-seashore-husband-had-killed-her-in-bhayandar-maharashtra-lclk-1708370-2023-06-03", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Was this murder part of a religious conflict?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}], "justification": "Based on the QA, the murderers of the girl were not muslims but instead two accused (Mintu Rambrij Singh and Chunchun Rambrij Singh) were arrested in the murder case. They were identified as the girl's Hindu husband and brother in law. Also, there's no evidence linking the crime to a broader religious conflict; it was a domestic crime.", "claim_text": "A Hindu girl\u2019s headless body is associated with a war against Hindus. ", "claim_images": ["67ae753067f879bc89a34dce#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "School of Vedic Science", "transcription": "", "media_source": "", "original_claim_url": "https://x.com/schoolofvedics1/status/1664664379009433600?t=kIszbQH_arRSG8kPbuGeZw", "reporting_source": "X", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Keyword Search"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Textual refuted"], "image_misuse_types": [], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240523182202/https://fullfact.org/health/rishi-sunak-cutting-waiting-lists/", "date": "2023-06-14", "label": "Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking", "location": "GB", "questions": [{"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "May 31, 2023", "source_url": "https://twitter.com/RishiSunak/status/1663942341529313281/photo/1", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "When did Mr. Sunak claim that the government was cutting NHS waiting lists?", "answer_method": "Metadata", "question_type": ["Metadata-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "The number of RTT clock starts per working day in April 2023 was 99.4% of the level\nin the same month in the pre-Covid baseline comparison period (12 months to\nFebruary 2020). The volume of clock starts was down by 2.6% in the 12 months to\nApril 2023 compared to the 12 months to February 2020 (prior to Covid) (chart 2).\n\u2022 The number of completed admitted and non-admitted RTT pathways per working day\nin April 2023 was 94.0% and 101.1% of the level in the same month in the pre-Covid\nbaseline comparison period (12 months to February 2020). The total number of\ncompleted RTT pathways per working day was down by 2.6% in the 12 months to\nApril 2023 compared to the 12 months to February 2020 (prior to Covid) (charts 3\nand 4).\n\u2022 The number of RTT patients waiting to start treatment at the end of April 2023\n(incomplete pathways) increased by 62.1% compared to the end of February 2020\n(prior to Covid) (chart 5).", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240523182202/https://www.england.nhs.uk/statistics/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/06/Apr23-RTT-SPN-publication-version-PDF-427K.pdf#page=3", "source_medium": "PDF"}], "question": "What were the statistical trends of waiting list times in 2023 compared to pre-Covid?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Boolean", "answer_text": "Yes", "source_url": "https://www.rcpch.ac.uk/news-events/news/record-high-over-400000-children-waiting-treatment-amidst-child-health-crisis", "source_medium": "Web text", "boolean_explanation": "As of May 11, 2023, considerable progress was made in shrinking the adult backlog, but the children\u2019s list continued to rise at an unprecedented rate. "}], "question": "Is it true that some waiting lists for healthcare in the UK shrunk by May 2023, while others increased?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}], "justification": "Both supporting and refuting evidence was found for this claim. Adult lists had shrunken but children's lists were at record highs during the claim period.", "claim_text": "The UK government is cutting waiting lists.", "claim_images": ["67b2734c719ccca960b54484#CLAIM#0.jpg", "67b2734c719ccca960b54484#CLAIM#1.jpg", "67b2734c719ccca960b54484#CLAIM#2.jpg", "67b2734c719ccca960b54484#CLAIM#3.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "Rishi Sunak", "transcription": "INVESTING \u00a3240 MILLION IN BETTER PHONE SYSTEMS AND ONLINE MESSAGING TOOLS WE'VE CUT 18 MONTH WAITING LISTS BY OVER 90% SINCE SEPTEMBER 2021 15 MILLION MORE GP APPOINTMENTS OVER THE NEXT TWO YEARS PRESCRIPTION MEDICATION DIRECT FROM YOUR PHARMACY 800 NEW AMBULANCES ON THE ROAD 7,000 VIRTUAL WARD BEDS WE ARE CUTTING WAITING LISTS 100 SPECIALIST MENTAL HEALTH VEHICLES SAME DAY EMERGENCY CARE UNITS WILL BE OPEN IN EVERY HOSPITAL WITH A MAJOR A&E 50,000 MORE NURSES BY 2024 \u00a316 MILLION TO ACCELERATE A", "media_source": "https://twitter.com/RishiSunak/status/1663942341529313281", "original_claim_url": "https://twitter.com/RishiSunak/status/1663942341529313281", "reporting_source": "Twitter", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Numerical Comparison"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": [], "image_misuse_types": [], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20241225002203/https://www.newscentermaine.com/article/news/verify/white-house/white-house-no-flag-code-violations-lgbtq-pride-progress-flag-display/536-03c39081-d868-421b-8a5f-d082bb8b1e29", "date": "2023-06-11", "label": "Refuted", "location": "US", "questions": [{"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "4 U.S.Code Ch. 1, Sec. 7(e): \u201cThe flag of the United States of America should be at the center and at the highest point of the group when a number of flags\u2026are grouped and displayed\u2026\u201d", "source_url": "https://x.com/SpeakerJohnson/status/1668019744971030528", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "What part of the flag code did members of Congress Sen. Roger Marshall (R-KS) and Rep. Mike Johnson (R-LA) say was being violated?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Boolean", "answer_text": "No", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20241225002253/https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?path=%2Fprelim%40title4%2Fchapter1&edition=prelim", "source_medium": "Web text", "boolean_explanation": "\u201cThe flag of the United States of America should be at the center and at the highest point of the group when a number of flags of States or localities or pennants of societies are grouped and displayed from staffs,\u201d the U.S. flag code says. Flag code says nothing about the placement of the American flag in regard to other flags if the flags aren\u2019t on a staff."}], "question": "Does the U.S. Flag Code say that the flag of the United States of America should always be at the center and at the highest point of a group of flags?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67b2c522719ccca960b5512b#INPUT#2#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Image", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20241225002217/https://www.gettyimages.com/detail/news-photo/attendees-listen-as-us-president-joe-biden-not-pictured-news-photo/1258591145", "source_medium": "Image/graphic", "image_answers": ["67b2c522719ccca960b5512b#ANSWER#2#0#0.jpg"]}], "question": "Where is a better version of the image for seeing the location of the flags?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67b2c522719ccca960b5512b#INPUT#3#0.jpg", "67b2c522719ccca960b5512b#INPUT#3#1.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Abstractive", "answer_text": "The flag of the United States of America on a staff is at the top of the White House, far higher than the pride flag and two American flags seen in the photos posted by the congresspeople."}], "question": "What flag is at the highest point when the 0-th and 1-th images were taken?", "answer_method": "Image Analysis", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}], "justification": "The claim was successfully refuted by proving that the U.S. Flag Code was misquoted by Sen. Roger Marshall (R-KS) and Rep. Mike Johnson (R-LA), and by proving that the U.S. flag did occupy the highest point on a staff on top of the White House.", "claim_text": "White House pride flag display violated the US flag code.", "claim_images": ["67b2c522719ccca960b5512b#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "@RogerMarshallMD", "transcription": "This is a disgrace.  Not only is it in breach of US Flag Code, but it\u2019s a glaring example of this White Houses\u2019 incompetence and insistence on putting their social agenda ahead of patriotism.", "media_source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20241225002203im_/https://media.newscentermaine.com/assets/VERIFY/images/cee7fa65-b74c-4d87-942d-3025a07bdede/cee7fa65-b74c-4d87-942d-3025a07bdede_1140x641.jpg", "original_claim_url": "", "reporting_source": "Twitter", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Consultation", "Image Analysis"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Textual refuted", "Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240806234838/https://leadstories.com/hoax-alert/2023/06/fact-check-lgbtqia2s-plus-community-has-not-officially-added-autism-community-symbol-to-progress-pride-flag-as-of-june-18-2023.html", "date": "2023-06-19", "label": "Refuted", "location": "US", "questions": [{"input_images": ["67b53432886de82ea9472734#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "Valentino Vecchietti \n", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230626160926/https://twitter.com/ValentinoInter/status/1670395023001542656?s=20", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Who created the new flag with the autism symbol?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Boolean", "answer_text": "No", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240828014929/https://www.verywellmind.com/what-the-colors-of-the-new-pride-flag-mean-5189173", "source_medium": "Web text", "boolean_explanation": "The pride flag has undergone several redesigns over the past few decades. The Intersex-Inclusive Progress Pride Flag was created by Valentino Vecchietti, but the Progress Pride Flag has not completely replaced the old six-color rainbow flag.  It is an update to the previous Progress Pride Flag created in 2018 by Daniel Quasar. Transwoman Monica Helms created the trans pride flag, which first flew in a pride parade in Phoenix, Arizona back in 2000. "}], "question": "Is Valentino Vecchietti the official flag creator for prides and LGBT?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67b53432886de82ea9472734#INPUT#2#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "Valentino Vecchietti (She/They)\n@ValentinoInter\n\u00b7\nJun 18\nI created this version of my flag simply as an offering for those who wish for it. Please remember that there is already an Autistic Pride flag which you can download on wikipaedia: it has the rainbow infinity symbol on a yellow background.", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230626160926/https://twitter.com/ValentinoInter/status/1670395023001542656?s=20", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "What did Valentino Vecchietti say about the flag he created that includes the autism symbol?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}], "justification": "The claim is successfully refuted by providing a history of the updates to the Pride Flag, and by explaining the flag in  CLAIM_IMG_0 is unofficial and customized by an artist name Valentino Vecchietti as a personal project.", "claim_text": "The LGBTQI2S+ flag has been updated by the official flag creator for prides and LGBT orgs.\n\nThe new flag has now added AUTISM.", "claim_images": ["67b53432886de82ea9472734#CLAIM#0.jpg", "67b53432886de82ea9472734#CLAIM#1.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "@OliLondonTV", "transcription": "", "media_source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230626160643im_/https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FzBB_iTXsAAANn9?format=jpg&name=medium,https://web.archive.org/web/20230626160643im_/https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FzBB_iQX0AA2WH8?format=jpg&name=medium", "original_claim_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230626160643/https://twitter.com/OliLondonTV/status/1670908024863457282?s=20", "reporting_source": "Twitter", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Media Source Discovery"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Textual refuted", "Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230614140159/https://factcheck.afp.com/doc.afp.com.33J69VC", "date": "2023-06-09", "label": "Refuted", "location": "US", "questions": [{"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Abstractive", "answer_text": "Dark brown", "source_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/79/Cannon2021_%28004%29.jpg", "source_medium": "Image/graphic"}], "question": "What color is US district court judge Aileen Cannon's hair?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67b56276886de82ea9472d9f#INPUT#1#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Boolean", "answer_text": "No", "source_url": "https://perma.cc/J9DD-K24M", "source_medium": "Web text", "boolean_explanation": "The caption of this photo originally read: \u201cTrump rallygoers, or members of the judiciary? It\u2019s hard to say.\u201d It has been updated to reflect the fact that these are not members of the judiciary."}], "question": "Does this image show US district court judge Aileen Cannon on the left?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67b56276886de82ea9472d9f#INPUT#2#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Abstractive", "answer_text": "The woman appears to have light brown or dark blonde hair."}], "question": "What color hair does the woman on the left in the photo have?", "answer_method": "Image Analysis", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}], "justification": "The claim is successfully refuted by proving the caption on the image is of rallygoers, and by providing a photo of Aileen Cannon for comparison.", "claim_text": "A photo shows Aileen Cannon, the US district court judge assigned to the criminal case against Donald Trump for retaining classified documents, wearing Trump apparel outside one of the former president's rallies.", "claim_images": ["67b56276886de82ea9472d9f#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "Laurie Garrett", "transcription": "", "media_source": "https://archive.is/G5Y2n/7f18857fdf1d7cd9cafeebca83e15eed7f16dca7.jpg", "original_claim_url": "https://archive.is/G5Y2n", "reporting_source": "Twitter", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Consultation", "Media Source Discovery", "Image Analysis"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230628225044/https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2023/jun/21/donald-trump/trump-shares-misleading-decade-old-photo-in-attack/", "date": "2023-06-19", "label": "Refuted", "location": "US", "questions": [{"input_images": ["67b578fd886de82ea94746b5#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": " May 1, 2013", "source_url": "https://www.instagram.com/p/CtteCMCOJXk/", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "When did the photographer take the image?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67b578fd886de82ea94746b5#INPUT#1#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "From 2013-2017, Deputy Attorney General Monaco was the Homeland Security and Counterterrorism Advisor to the President.  In that role, she coordinated the Executive Branch\u2019s policy and response to a wide range of security issues \u2013 including the response to international and domestic terrorist incidents, cyber threats, and natural disasters \u2013 and advised the President on all aspects of counterterrorism policy and strategy.", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230628133350/https://www.justice.gov/dag/staff-profile/meet-deputy-attorney-general", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "What was Lisa Monaco's position in 2013 when the image was taken?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related", "Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67b578fd886de82ea94746b5#INPUT#2#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "Vice President Joe Biden and Lisa Monaco, Assistant to the President for Homeland Security and Counterterrorism, talk on the steps from the Colonnade to the Rose Garden at the White House following the Presidential Daily Briefing, on May 1, 2013. Official White House Photo by Pete Souza", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230628233143/https://time.com/5889532/pete-souza-documentary/", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "What is in the image?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}], "justification": "The claim is successfully refuted by proving the image was taken in 2013, a decade before the claim date and that it shows then Vice-presiden Biden and Lisa Monaco who was then Assistant to the President for Homeland Security and Counterterrorism", "claim_text": "Photo shows President Joe Biden sitting with Lisa Monaco, second in charge of the DOJ, probably working on future Plots and Schemes against Republicans.", "claim_images": ["67b578fd886de82ea94746b5#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "Donald.J.Trump", "transcription": "", "media_source": "", "original_claim_url": "https://archive.is/0z8q2", "reporting_source": "Truth social ", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim", "Media Analysis Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Image Analysis"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230703093923/https://factcheck.afp.com/doc.afp.com.33LH6AT", "date": "2023-06-27", "label": "Refuted", "location": "KR", "questions": [{"input_images": ["67b57fc2886de82ea9474b9e#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Image", "source_url": "https://archive.vn/gs4Ip", "source_medium": "Image/graphic", "image_answers": ["67b57fc2886de82ea9474b9e#ANSWER#0#0#0.jpg"]}], "question": "What is a clearer version of the document in the image?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67b57fc2886de82ea9474b9e#INPUT#1#0.jpg", "67b57fc2886de82ea9474b9e#INPUT#1#1.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Abstractive", "answer_text": "It can be seen on both images of the document that it is a type of visa with an entry of 4 for the duration of stay."}], "question": "What type of document is shown in the images?", "answer_method": "Image Analysis", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "\"In order to revitalize civilian exchanges between the South and the North, we will have in-depth discussions with the North and return with good results.\"", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230705100136/https://v.daum.net/v/20180716124031423?fbclid=IwAR0t4lOmXHosmKz-qPEH2m0-6Y7x7J3iUBK4lYO2N8dnngJgPJAQ397k0rA", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Why did Kim Hong-gul visit Pyongyang, North Korea?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67b57fc2886de82ea9474b9e#INPUT#3#0.jpg", "67b57fc2886de82ea9474b9e#INPUT#3#1.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "(Photo = Chairman Kim Hong-gul\u2019s SNS).", "source_url": "https://archive.vn/c8Z6T", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Who is the man in the image", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}], "justification": "The answers show that the card is a visa entry card not a identity card. The person in the image is Chairman Kim Hong-gul\u2019s SNS not Kim Dae-Jung so the claim is refuted.", "claim_text": "North Korean communist identity card issued to son of former South korean president Kim Dae-Jung.\n", "claim_images": ["67b57fc2886de82ea9474b9e#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "Hong moon", "transcription": "", "media_source": "", "original_claim_url": "https://archive.vn/FqizG", "reporting_source": "Facebook ", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim", "Media Analysis Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Consultation", "Reverse Image Search"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240618111900/https://leadstories.com/hoax-alert/2023/07/fact-check-photo-does-not-depict-2023-french-riots-its-from-2016-euro-cup-final.html", "date": "2023-07-02", "label": "Refuted", "location": "FR", "questions": [{"input_images": ["67b58756886de82ea947506b#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "July 2016", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240618111900/https://www.huffpost.com/entry/euro-final-paris-photos_n_5782a600e4b0c590f7e9deae", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "When was the image first published?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67b58756886de82ea947506b#INPUT#1#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Boolean", "answer_text": "No", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20241105064952/https://www.huffpost.com/entry/euro-final-paris-photos_n_5782a600e4b0c590f7e9deae", "source_medium": "Web text", "boolean_explanation": "The image was taken when clashes erupted between police and belligerent fans in Paris during the Euro 2016 soccer final."}], "question": "Was the image taken during the French riots of 2023?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}], "justification": "The claim is successfully refuted by proving that the image is from the 2016 Euro soccer final in Paris, and not from 2023 French riots.", "claim_text": "Photo shows 2023 French riots.", "claim_images": ["67b58756886de82ea947506b#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "", "transcription": "", "media_source": "", "original_claim_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20241105061033/https://twitter.com/iamyesyouareno/status/1675531037764464640", "reporting_source": "Twitter", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim", "Media Analysis Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Reverse Image Search"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230613230829/https://fullfact.org/online/found-cocker-spaniel-hoax/", "date": "2023-06-08", "label": "Refuted", "location": "GB", "questions": [{"input_images": ["67b67be4886de82ea948bed2#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Unanswerable", "answer_text": "No answer could be found."}], "question": "Where did this image originate?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Abstractive", "answer_text": "Similar posts all use near-identical wording, stating \u201cHello, I haven\u2019t found the owner of this sweet girl we picked up on the road in [location]. She\u2019s really depressed and she\u2019s not eating. We took her to the vet she\u2019s not chipped. Please Bump this post and help me fine the owner [sic]\u201d.\n\nThere is no evidence that the dog pictured has been found in these locations. Many other posts with similar text and the same picture have also been shared on Facebook, claiming the dog has been found in other locations both around the UK, and in other countries including Australia, the US and Canada.", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230610105348/https://fullfact.org/online/fake-missing-dog-norfolk/", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Is there any evidence that this claim is a hoax?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67b67be4886de82ea948bed2#INPUT#2#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Abstractive", "answer_text": "No,  it\u2019s impossible that the same dog could have been found at the same time in so many different locations around the country.\n"}], "question": "Could the same dog seen in this photo have been found in multiple locations across the country?", "answer_method": "Image Analysis", "question_type": ["Image-related", "Commonsense-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "Derbyshire Police has previously warned that comments being disabled is a clue such a post may be a hoax, as someone looking for information would not turn off comments.", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230610105348/https://fullfact.org/online/fake-missing-dog-norfolk/", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "What else indicates that this post is a hoax?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related", "Commonsense-related"]}], "justification": "The claim about a cocker spaniel being found with its owner untraceable is likely a hoax. Similar posts with identical wording and the same image have been shared in multiple locations, including overseas. Additionally, the disabling of comments and the repetition of the post are signs of a hoax.", "claim_text": "A cocker spaniel was found by the side of the road two weeks ago and its owner still cannot be traced.", "claim_images": ["67b67be4886de82ea948bed2#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "Yolanda J Grey", "transcription": "", "media_source": "https://scontent-det1-1.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t39.30808-6/352208573_1340545506860604_5116644421599579738_n.jpg?_nc_cat=103&ccb=1-7&_nc_sid=aa7b47&_nc_ohc=BHB7-ib-AlwQ7kNvgEcF4re&_nc_zt=23&_nc_ht=scontent-det1-1.xx&_nc_gid=A0kptxQMtUsPfSljCebCAxc&oh=00_AYAJVBePTaIVltVK--kVyCBSPIPqCjPtrimaPewuKNC43g&oe=67961D2E", "original_claim_url": "https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=187009037662966&set=gm.6174073572629249&type=3&theater", "reporting_source": "Facebook", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Image Analysis", "Fact-checker Reference"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240113114428/https://newsmobile.in/articles/2023/07/03/fact-check-did-kuki-insurgents-in-manipur-surrender-after-rahul-gandhis-visit-heres-the-truth/", "date": "2023-07-02", "label": "Refuted", "location": "IN", "questions": [{"input_images": ["67b760fe63f044a004da871a#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": " An article published by EastMojo on July 26, 2022, carrying the same viral image with a headline: \u201cManipur: Kuki insurgents using another outfit\u2019s name for extortion arrested\u201d. This means that the image is old and not related to recent violence in Manipur. ", "source_url": "https://www.eastmojo.com/manipur/2022/07/26/manipur-kuki-insurgents-using-another-outfits-name-for-extortion-arrested/", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "When was the image first published?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67b760fe63f044a004da871a#INPUT#1#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "The image has headline: \u201cManipur: Kuki insurgents using another outfit\u2019s name for extortion arrested\u201d. ", "source_url": "https://www.eastmojo.com/manipur/2022/07/26/manipur-kuki-insurgents-using-another-outfits-name-for-extortion-arrested/", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "What does the image show?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Boolean", "answer_text": "No", "source_url": "https://x.com/search?q=from%3APTI_News%20After%20meeting%20with%20Rahul%20Gandhi%2C%20Kuki%20militants%20surrendered.%20One%20of%20the%20militants%20says%20wants%20to%20give%20up%20violence%20and%20follow%20the%20path%20of%20Gandhi%20from%20now%20onwards&src=typed_query&f=live", "source_medium": "Web text", "boolean_explanation": "A Twitter advanced search also could not find any such message posted by the official handle of PTI. "}], "question": "Did PTI publish the claim that Kuki militants in Manipur, India, surrendered after Rahul Gandhi\u2019s visit?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Metadata-related"]}], "justification": "The claim is successfully refuted by proving that the image is from 2022, not 2023 during the unrest in Manipur. Also, it is stated that no such tweet by PTI exists.", "claim_text": "PTI tweeted that Kuki militants in Manipur, India, surrendered after Rahul Gandhi\u2019s visit.", "claim_images": ["67b760fe63f044a004da871a#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "Abdicate Caste", "transcription": "", "media_source": "", "original_claim_url": "", "reporting_source": "Facebook", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim", "Media Publishing Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Satirical Source Identification", "Reverse Image Search"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Textual refuted", "Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230624233948/https://www.altnews.in/bleeding-woman-breastfeeding-baby-image-not-from-manipur-at-least-2-year-old/", "date": "2023-06-18", "label": "Refuted", "location": "MM", "questions": [{"input_images": ["67b7718f63f044a004dab69b#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Abstractive", "answer_text": "The oldest instance of the image that we could find is from September 28, 2021, shared on Facebook by a user called Thol Bena. ", "source_url": "https://www.facebook.com/thol.bena.3/posts/215411597317908", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "When was the image first published?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related", "Metadata-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67b7718f63f044a004dab69b#INPUT#1#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Boolean", "answer_text": "No", "source_url": "https://myanmar.factcrescendo.com/misleading-claim-about-a-photo-of-bleeding-mother-who-breast-feeding-a-child/", "source_medium": "Web text", "boolean_explanation": "The factchecking article carried a Facebook post from a page called Khayan Channel which regularly shared updates regarding Khayan Township in Myanmar. This post stated that the photo was originally from Thailand."}], "question": "Is the image from Manipur?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}], "justification": "The claim is successfully refuted by proving that the image is from 2021, not 2023.", "claim_text": "Image shows bleeding woman in Violence-stricken Manipur breastfeeding her child. ", "claim_images": ["67b7718f63f044a004dab69b#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "jadon @jadonjpr", "transcription": "", "media_source": "", "original_claim_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230620123104/https://twitter.com/jadonjpr/status/1670398261864325120", "reporting_source": "Twitter", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim", "Media Analysis Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Reverse Image Search", "Fact-checker Reference"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20241224005405/https://www.sochfactcheck.com/unrelated-photos-of-dead-bodies-wrongly-linked-to-2023-bajaur-bombing/", "date": "2023-07-31", "label": "Refuted", "location": "PK", "questions": [{"input_images": ["67bdf3581f8dd18d53db923a#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Abstractive", "answer_text": "The picture is from 12 May 2021", "source_url": "https://www.reddit.com/r/Palestine/comments/napxvk/rest_in_peace_angels/", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "When was the picture first published?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67bdf3581f8dd18d53db923a#INPUT#1#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Abstractive", "answer_text": "The individual in the second image could not be identified, but the photo can be traced back to 21 March 2022 , when it was posted on the Russian social network Odnoklassniki, also known as OK.ru.", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20241224005427/https://ok.ru/video/3978836576816", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "When was the image taken?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67bdf3581f8dd18d53db923a#INPUT#2#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Abstractive", "answer_text": "The third photo appeared on 24 October 2013 in a blog called Eman Nabih and on 29 October 2013 on a website called Da Begad, which debunks \u201csocial media hoaxes\u201d and said the picture was \u201cmisleading public opinion\u201d.", "source_url": "https://emannabih.com/muslim-sisterhood-students-in-egypt-caught-faking-death-scenes-with-aljazeera-news-agency/", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Where the third image was first published?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "\nAt least 54 people died after on 31 July 2023 a suicide bomber attacked a political convention organized by an Islamist party in northwestern Pakistan on Sunday, police said.", "source_url": "https://www.cnn.com/2023/07/30/asia/pakistan-blast-bajaur-intl/index.html", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "When did Bajaur bombing happen?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}], "justification": "The claim is successfully refuted by demonstrating that none of the images are from 2023. Instead, they are from 2021, 2022, and 2013.", "claim_text": "Images show dead bodies of people who were killed in the 2023 Bajaur bombing", "claim_images": ["67bdf3581f8dd18d53db923a#CLAIM#0.jpg", "67bdf3581f8dd18d53db923a#CLAIM#1.jpg", "67bdf3581f8dd18d53db923a#CLAIM#2.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "\u06a9\u067e\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0627 \u062f\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06c1", "transcription": "", "media_source": "", "original_claim_url": "", "reporting_source": "Facebook", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim", "Media Analysis Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Reverse Image Search", "Fact-checker Reference"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Textual refuted"], "image_misuse_types": ["Others"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240227043108/https://factcheck.afp.com/doc.afp.com.33JV8VG", "date": "2023-06-14", "label": "Refuted", "location": "KR", "questions": [{"input_images": ["67d0ac6b35531374f6db1d7b#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "But the image was first published online in April 2017 on the blog of the shredding company", "source_url": "https://archive.is/eCcKm", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "When was the picture first published?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related", "Metadata-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67d0ac6b35531374f6db1d7b#INPUT#1#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Boolean", "answer_text": "No", "source_url": "https://archive.vn/uZnrn", "source_medium": "Web text", "boolean_explanation": "The original image was found in a post from April 19, 2017 -- preceding the 2020 elections -- which describes a shredding job done for a local university (archived link)."}], "question": "Does this picture prove 2020 election fraud in South Korea?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67d0ac6b35531374f6db1d7b#INPUT#2#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "The image is from 2017 and depicts a shredding company disposing of university documents, unrelated to elections.", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240227043108/https://m.blog.naver.com/PostView.naver?blogId=glin0086&logNo=220990302096&navType=by", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Does the viral photo show South Korea's NEC destroying election fraud evidence?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67d0ac6b35531374f6db1d7b#INPUT#3#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "South Korea's Supreme Court dismissed fraud claims, citing a lack of evidence to annul the election results.", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240227043108/https://www.scourt.go.kr/news/NewsViewAction2.work?pageIndex=1&searchWord=&searchOption=&seqnum=1206&gubun=702", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Has any court found evidence of fraud in South Korea's 2020 elections?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}], "justification": "Based on evidence, the original image was found in a post from April 19, 2017 which precedes the 2020 elections. The image shows a shredding company disposing of university documents, unrelated to elections. Moreover, for the 2020 elections, South Korea's Supreme Court dismissed fraud claims, citing a lack of evidence to annul the election results.", "claim_text": "A picture shows documents destroyed by South Korea's National Election Commission (NEC), proving election fraud in 2020.", "claim_images": ["67d0ac6b35531374f6db1d7b#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "Ice and snow", "transcription": "", "media_source": "https://archive.vn/iVNLT/6265ee8f7c898e36c1c79031077c28d3e9f730c1.jpg?retry=2", "original_claim_url": "https://archive.vn/iVNLT", "reporting_source": "Facebook", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Consultation", "Media Source Discovery", "Keyword Search", "Image Analysis"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240810011523/https://www.boomlive.in/fact-check/politics/fake-news-viral-photo-journalist-sheela-bhatt-interviewing-dawood-ibrahim-falsely-shared-as-congress-leader-supriya-shrinate-factcheck-22285", "date": "2023-06-18", "label": "Refuted", "location": "IN", "questions": [{"input_images": ["67d250b435531374f6e4d241#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Boolean", "answer_text": "No", "source_url": "https://x.com/sheela2010/status/1669048134146850848", "source_medium": "Web text", "boolean_explanation": "The image shows journalist Sheela Bhatt interviewing Dawood Ibrahim in Dubai in 1987.\n\n"}], "question": "Does the image show Dawood and Supriya Shrinate?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67d250b435531374f6e4d241#INPUT#1#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Boolean", "answer_text": "Yes", "source_url": "https://x.com/sheela2010/status/1669048134146850848", "source_medium": "Web text", "boolean_explanation": "She shared the same photo on twitter with caption: Drop a photo of you doing your job, Interviewing Dawood Ibrahim in Pearl Building, Dubai. 1987.\n\n"}], "question": "Did Sheela Bhatt share the same photo?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}], "justification": "The claim is refuted by proving the woman in the photo with Dawood is journalist Sheela Bhatt, not Supriya Shrinate.", "claim_text": "Woman seen with Dawood in the photo from 1987 is Supriya Shrinate.", "claim_images": ["67d250b435531374f6e4d241#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "Sanjay Sharma ", "transcription": "", "media_source": "", "original_claim_url": "", "reporting_source": "Facebook", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim", "Media Analysis Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Media Source Discovery"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240526035059/https://www.indiatoday.in/fact-check/story/fact-check-rj-sayema-snap-in-london-misattributed-to-karnataka-hijab-girl-muskan-khan-2393844-2023-06-16", "date": "2023-06-13", "label": "Refuted", "location": "GB", "questions": [{"input_images": ["67d3017835531374f6e6b098#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Abstractive", "answer_text": "RJ Sayema", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230619151725/https://twitter.com/_sayema/status/1666137742298820620?s=46&t=CwqEQbQ3QgXkqXmVdeDjtg", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Who is the person in the 0-th image?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Boolean", "answer_text": "No", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20231009161316/https://www.bhaskar.com/db-original/news/interview-of-hijab-girl-fame-of-karnataka-muskan-khan-131170574.html", "source_medium": "Web text", "boolean_explanation": "in a recent interview of Muskan Khan, published in Dainik Bhaskar on April 15, 2023 she stated she had received admission offers from many universities abroad, but had rejected them as she was not ready to leave the country."}], "question": "Did Muskan Khan move abraod?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67d3017835531374f6e6b098#INPUT#2#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "Muskan Khan", "source_url": "https://theislamicinformation.com/news/continue-to-fight-to-wear-hijab-muskan-khan/", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Who is the person in the 1-th image?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}], "justification": "The claim is refuted by proving the woman in the jeans is RJ Sayema, not Muskan Khan.", "claim_text": "Image shows Muskan Khan (who fought for hijab rights) wearing just jeans and a hoodie in London", "claim_images": ["67d3017835531374f6e6b098#CLAIM#0.jpg", "67d3017835531374f6e6b098#CLAIM#1.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "@sainidan_ratnu ", "transcription": "", "media_source": "https://archive.is/f8IiL/86c4248fefc32ee7881c0ec77297ab97ea2b6e9d.jpg", "original_claim_url": "https://archive.is/f8IiL", "reporting_source": "X (Formally Twitter)", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim", "Media Analysis Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Consultation", "Reverse Image Search"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Textual refuted", "Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20241221091311/https://factcheck.afp.com/doc.afp.com.33L638H", "date": "2023-06-21", "label": "Refuted", "location": "CA", "questions": [{"input_images": ["67d35d7335531374f6e7108b#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "The photo appeared in a September 7, 2018 article from the Stevens Point Journal in the US state of Wisconsin.\nThe newspaper reported Kathryn \"Kitty\" Wenckus was found and that a Wisconsin Department of Justice Silver Alert had been canceled. Other local media reported she was about half a mile from her home.", "source_url": "https://perma.cc/K7ME-J7QZ", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "What is the original source of the 0-th image?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Boolean", "answer_text": "No", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20241224201210/https://www.postcrescent.com/obituaries/wis350564", "source_medium": "Web text", "boolean_explanation": "An obituary published in February 2022 says Wenckus died at age 96."}], "question": "Did Wenckus go missing again in 2023?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}], "justification": "The claim is refuted by proving the identity of the woman in the image and that she had been deceased for over a year prior to the claim date.", "claim_text": "Facebook posts urge users to share a photo they claim shows a missing grandmother suffering from dementia. ", "claim_images": ["67d35d7335531374f6e7108b#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "Melinda K Stein", "transcription": "", "media_source": "https://rejouer.perma.cc/replay-web-page/w/id-ade9a538f177/im_/https://scontent-iad3-2.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t39.30808-6/355700058_155292640890152_7845993489414588066_n.jpg?stp=dst-jpg_p526x296&_nc_cat=103&ccb=1-7&_nc_sid=5cd70e&_nc_ohc=3STdyJ-tey0AX87f82Z&_nc_ht=scontent-iad3-2.xx&oh=00_AfBFzqGtmztXMoB5lmJWofQ5moot1bvqYauI2mFPWYV-LA&oe=649F924A", "original_claim_url": "https://perma.cc/DKB4-JWPN", "reporting_source": "Facebook user posts", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim", "Media Analysis Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Reverse Image Search"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240910235836/https://www.altnews.in/no-this-image-doesnt-show-dawood-ibrahim-with-congress-spokesperson-supriya-shrinate/", "date": "2023-06-15", "label": "Refuted", "location": "IN", "questions": [{"input_images": ["67d36e8a35531374f6e72507#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "June 19, 1987.", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20241226021713im_/https://www.altnews.in/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/chrome_uf1mbqXn0K.jpg", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "On what date was this photo taken?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67d36e8a35531374f6e72507#INPUT#1#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "27 October 1977", "source_url": "https://www.outlookindia.com/topic/supriya-shrinate", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "When was Supriya Shrinate born?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67d36e8a35531374f6e72507#INPUT#2#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "The woman in the photo is reporter Sheela Bhatt interviewing Dawood Ibrahim in Pearl Building, Dubai. 1987.", "source_url": "https://x.com/sheela2010/status/1669048134146850848", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Who is the woman in the photo?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}], "justification": "The claim is refuted by proving that the woman is reporter Sheela Bhatt, not Supriya Shrinate who would have been only 10-years-old when the photo was taken.", "claim_text": "Photo shows Dawood Ibrahim with Congress spokesperson Supriya Shrinate.", "claim_images": ["67d36e8a35531374f6e72507#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "@SwamiRamsarnac4", "transcription": "", "media_source": "https://archive.vn/x0NjC/9e4e8ece6e89c546077d4b89ddceea30ec031eb5.jpg", "original_claim_url": "https://archive.vn/x0NjC", "reporting_source": "Twitter", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim", "Media Analysis Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Consultation", "Media Source Discovery"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230803151229/https://www.thequint.com/news/webqoof/photos-of-arson-riot-fire-linked-to-haryana-violence-in-nuh-mewat-gurugram-fact-check", "date": "2023-07-30", "label": "Refuted", "location": "IN", "questions": [{"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": " Monday, July 31, 2023", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230803131055mp_/https://www.thequint.com/news/india/haryana-nuh-clashes-erupt-section-144-imposed-latest-updates", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "When did the recent violence in Haryana begin?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67d45d4935531374f6ee5517#INPUT#1#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "August 26, 2017", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20210518000508mp_/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/rajnath-reviews-security-situation-in-haryana-other-states/articleshow/60231602.cms", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "When was the 3-th image originally published?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67d45d4935531374f6ee5517#INPUT#2#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "Feb. 20, 2013\n\n\n", "source_url": "https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424127887323549204578316761918030272", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "When was the 2-th image originally published?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67d45d4935531374f6ee5517#INPUT#3#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "Image of police personnel during demonstrations against the Citizenship Amendment Act in Kanpur on December 21. [2019]", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230802134345/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kanpur/up-sit-to-probe-anti-caa-clashes-in-kanpur/articleshow/72969121.cms", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "When was the 1-th image taken?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67d45d4935531374f6ee5517#INPUT#4#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "Dec 21, 2019", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230804013709/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kanpur/babupurwa-in-kanpur-turns-war-zone-1-killed/articleshow/72913839.cms", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "When was the 0-th image originally published?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}], "justification": "The claim is refuted by proving the images are from 2013, 2017, and 2019, and not from the 2023 violence.", "claim_text": "Images show recent ongoing communal violence in parts of Haryana.", "claim_images": ["67d45d4935531374f6ee5517#CLAIM#0.jpg", "67d45d4935531374f6ee5517#CLAIM#1.jpg", "67d45d4935531374f6ee5517#CLAIM#2.jpg", "67d45d4935531374f6ee5517#CLAIM#3.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "@ChandanSharmaG", "transcription": "", "media_source": "https://rejouer.perma.cc/replay-web-page/w/id-7bcd766a1dd2/mp_/https://scontent-iad3-2.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t39.30808-6/364719985_6975713422461310_3781851840121018300_n.jpg?stp=dst-jpg_p235x350&_nc_cat=111&ccb=1-7&_nc_sid=8bfeb9&_nc_ohc=csItIF_5ArcAX8ib1kf&_nc_ht=scontent-iad3-2.xx&oh=00_AfClhoMej8YM7qQKpENm16CatAwwSxmPdywFAfqfbSMj5w&oe=64CF2937", "original_claim_url": "", "reporting_source": "Twitter", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim", "Media Analysis Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Reverse Image Search"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240224010403/https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/apple-line-vision-pro/", "date": "2023-06-06", "label": "Refuted", "location": "US", "questions": [{"input_images": ["67d7f0e635531374f6f56957#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Boolean", "answer_text": "No", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240224010403/https://twitter.com/BasicAppleGuy/status/1452752664664547329", "source_medium": "Web text", "boolean_explanation": "It was a joke, and the user has previously acknowledged posting satire."}], "question": "Did customers line up outside the Apple Fifth Avenue store in New York for the Apple Vision Pro launch in early 2024?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "Taken on September 18, 2014, during the iPhone 6 launch.", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240224010403/https://www.cultofmac.com/296486/apple-store-sitta-lines-form-around-world-iphone-6/", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "When was this Image taken ?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}], "justification": "The claim is refuted by proving that the image was taken in 2014, not 2023.", "claim_text": "A picture that shows a short line at the Fifth Avenue Apple Store in New York City was captured on June 5, 2023.", "claim_images": ["67d7f0e635531374f6f56957#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "@BasicAppleGuy", "transcription": "", "media_source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240613202413im_/https://www.cultofmac.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/applestoreNYC.jpg", "original_claim_url": "https://x.com/BasicAppleGuy/status/1665814634325069827", "reporting_source": "Twitter", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim", "Media Analysis Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Satirical Source Identification", "Media Source Discovery", "Image Analysis"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240808080814/https://checkyourfact.com/2023/06/12/fact-check-image-ukrainian-jet-old/", "date": "2023-06-04", "label": "Refuted", "location": "UA", "questions": [{"input_images": ["67d8466f35531374f6f69fcc#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "06.06.2022", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240201150026/https://riamediabank.ru/media/8209860.html", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "When was the image in the claim taken?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67d8466f35531374f6f69fcc#INPUT#1#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "It was shared in a July 2022 by Russian news outlet RIA captioned \"\u00a9 RIA Novosti / Russian Ministry of Defense\nGo to media bank\nA MiG-29 aircraft of the Ukrainian Air Force shot down by Russian air defense systems near the settlement of Slavyansk in the DPR. Screenshot from the video\"", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20250116230422/https://ria.ru/20220725/samolety-1804312050.html", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Can the image be linked to any news articles?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}], "justification": "The claim is refuted by proving the image is from a year before the claim in DPR, not Kherson.", "claim_text": "Image shows a Ukrainian that was shot down during a recent offensive in Kherson by the Russian air force.", "claim_images": ["67d8466f35531374f6f69fcc#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "@Trollstoy88", "transcription": "", "media_source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230812234231im_/https://pbs.twimg.com/media/Fx4SqF7XsAAT_qD?format=jpg&name=900x900", "original_claim_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230812234230/https://twitter.com/Trollstoy88/status/1665789435236024320", "reporting_source": "Twitter", "claim_types": ["Media Analysis Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Reverse Image Search"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20241225010743/https://checkyourfact.com/2023/06/13/fact-check-image-pride-flags-florida/", "date": "2023-06-07", "label": "Refuted", "location": "US", "questions": [{"input_images": ["67d8484135531374f6f6a8da#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "Volunteers reach the Atlantic Ocean June 15, 2003, carrying a 1.25-mile-long rainbow flag down Duval Street in Key West. The mammoth banner was constructed by Gilbert Baker, creator of the original rainbow flag, and unfurled during the island\u2019s 2003 Pride festivities. (Photo by Andy Newman, Florida Keys News Bureau)", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20241225010803/https://fla-keys.com/keysvoices/key-west-remembers-rainbow-flag-creator-gilbert-baker/", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "When was the 0-th image of the flag in Key West taken?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "January 8, 2019 to present", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20241216151317/https://dos.fl.gov/florida-facts/florida-history/florida-governors/ronald-dion-desantis/", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "When was DeSantis governor of Florida?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}], "justification": "The claim is refuted by proving the flag was displayed 16 years prior to DeSantis becoming governor.", "claim_text": "Image shows pride flags in Key West, Florida protesting against Florida Republican Gov. Ron DeSantis.", "claim_images": ["67d8484135531374f6f6a8da#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "@mjfree", "transcription": "", "media_source": "https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FyEA9o9XoAEPifw?format=jpg&name=small", "original_claim_url": "https://x.com/mjfree/status/1666614398545174529", "reporting_source": "x", "claim_types": ["Media Analysis Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Reverse Image Search"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240420224221/https://leadstories.com/hoax-alert/2023/06/fact-check-photo-does-not-show-worlds-tiniest-and-darkest-baby-its-a-baby-gorilla-doll.html", "date": "2023-06-17", "label": "Refuted", "location": "US", "questions": [{"input_images": ["67a12125e2f02e5f4994d720#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Abstractive", "answer_text": "A photo appears on the Instagram page of Breath of Heaven Dolls in a similar outfit. The owner describes the doll as a baby gorilla monkey.", "source_url": "https://www.instagram.com/p/BxAme7tB37z/", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Where did the image originate?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67a12125e2f02e5f4994d720#INPUT#1#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Boolean", "answer_text": "Yes", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20210919043719/https://www.pinterest.com/lilahpearl/polymer-clay-sculpture-my-art/", "source_medium": "Web text", "boolean_explanation": "Breath of Heaven Dolls made by Lilah Pearson are posted on Pinterest, and the baby gorilla monkey appears under the name \"OOAK Baby Sculpted Polymer Clay Monkey.\""}], "question": "Has Breath of Heaven Dolls published a photo of the doll elsewhere?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}], "justification": "The photo shows a miniature clay monkey/gorilla doll figurine made by Breath of Heaven Dolls, not a real baby.", "claim_text": "A photo shows the darkest baby in the world", "claim_images": ["67a12125e2f02e5f4994d720#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "BaBy Heaven", "transcription": "", "media_source": "", "original_claim_url": "", "reporting_source": "Facebook", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240809100828/https://www.boomlive.in/fact-check/politics/fake-news-viral-photos-farmers-protest-haryana-sakshee-malikkh-factcheck-22190", "date": "2023-06-06", "label": "Refuted", "location": "IN", "questions": [{"input_images": ["67a1235ee2f02e5f4994da4b#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "On June 16, 2019 in connection with a Sikh driver who was beaten outside Mukherjee Nagar police station", "source_url": "https://twitter.com/SikhSangarsh/status/1140332923629051908", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "When was the image of the man with whip marks original published?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67a1235ee2f02e5f4994da4b#INPUT#1#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Abstractive", "answer_text": "On September 2, 2021 when three farmers were injured by Haryana Police at Karnal's Gharaunda toll plaza.", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20211021202718/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/gurgaon/3-farmers-get-stitches-one-loses-sight-after-lathicharge/articleshow/85849291.cms", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "When was the image of the man with the injured head published?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}], "justification": "The farmers' protest in Kurkshetra took place in 2023. In [CLAIM_IMG_2], the person is a Sikh driver who was beaten outside a police station in 2019, 4 years before the protest. [CLAIM_IMG_1] was also taken before the protest, in 2021. Therefore, these images cannot show a protest that happened years later and the claim is refuted.", "claim_text": "Photos, including one of a man with whip marks on his back, are from the June 7, 2023 farmers' protest in Kurukshetra", "claim_images": ["67a1235ee2f02e5f4994da4b#CLAIM#0.jpg", "67a1235ee2f02e5f4994da4b#CLAIM#1.jpg", "67a1235ee2f02e5f4994da4b#CLAIM#2.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "@SakshiMalik", "transcription": "", "media_source": "", "original_claim_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230609040532/https://twitter.com/SakshiMalik/status/1666464667844370432", "reporting_source": "Twitter", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Reverse Image Search", "Keyword Search"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240717100958/https://factcheck.afp.com/doc.afp.com.33KR2MM", "date": "2023-06-18", "label": "Refuted", "location": "TH", "questions": [{"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "He was first appointed to the role on 24 August 2014", "source_url": "https://www.lowyinstitute.org/the-interpreter/will-thailand-s-prime-minister-defy-time", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "When did Prime Minister Prayut Chan-O-Cha come to power?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "The bridge opened on January 9, 2007", "source_url": "https://archive.ph/E74ky#selection-2835.39-2835.64", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "When did Thailand's longest bridge, Chaloem Phrakiat 80 Phansa Bridge, open to the public?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}], "justification": "The Chaloem Phrakiat 80 Phansa Bridge is Thailand's longest bridge that opened to the public in 2007.Prayut Chan-O-Cha was not appointed to Prime Minister until August 2014, so the bridge was built before his tenure.", "claim_text": "Thailand's longest bridge, Chaloem Phrakiat 80 Phansa Bridge, was built during Prime Minister Prayut Chan-O-Cha's tenure", "claim_images": ["67a3a516e2f02e5f4996e078#CLAIM#0.jpg", "67a3a516e2f02e5f4996e078#CLAIM#1.jpg", "67a3a516e2f02e5f4996e078#CLAIM#2.jpg", "67a3a516e2f02e5f4996e078#CLAIM#3.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "  \u0e1e\u0e38\u0e17\u0e18\u0e34\u0e40\u0e28\u0e23\u0e29\u0e10\u0e4c \u0e1e\u0e23\u0e2a\u0e23\u0e23\u0e04\u0e4c \u00b7 ", "transcription": "", "media_source": "https://archive.ph/Y97Yz/759d299af0592f80e4405f661795f2cf305f6d85.jpg,https://archive.ph/Y97Yz/12cbe088e3a50033871661bc913e88456bd55d01.jpg,https://archive.ph/Y97Yz/ed53d44eea6e6fda9cecd9ab3fbcc8e274cf1002.jpg,https://archive.ph/Y97Yz/17a91d17745726ce2c237acbc940ee6d8c090bb7.jpg", "original_claim_url": "https://archive.ph/Y97Yz#selection-790.0-870.0", "reporting_source": "facebook", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Consultation", "Keyword Search"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240423053038/https://leadstories.com/hoax-alert/2023/07/fact-check-no-evidence-mark-wahlberg-said-hollywood-pedophiles-have-nowhere-left-to-hide.html", "date": "2023-07-12", "label": "Refuted", "location": "US", "questions": [{"input_images": ["67a4313ee2f02e5f499762e9#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "October 20, 2017 in connection with a visit to the Gold Coast headquarters of the Archdiocese of Chicago ", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20180101160815/https://chicago.suntimes.com/chicago-politics/mark-wahlberg-brings-good-vibrations-to-chicago-for-catholic-youth/", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "When was the photo of Mark Wahlberg originally published?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Boolean", "answer_text": "No", "source_url": "https://www.google.com/search?q=Wahlberg+AND+%E2%80%9CHollywood+pedophiles+have+nowhere+left+to+hide%E2%80%9D&rlz=1C5CHFA_enUS932US932&oq=Wahlberg+AND+%E2%80%9CHollywood+pedophiles+have+nowhere+left+to+hide%E2%80%9D&aqs=chrome..69i57.35025j1j4&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8", "source_medium": "Web text", "boolean_explanation": "A Google search indicates the remark was fabricated."}], "question": "Did any major sources publish the remark?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Abstractive", "answer_text": "The website's liability disclaimer makes no representations about the veracity of the stories it publishes.", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240424101713/https://thepeoplesvoice.tv/website-terms-of-use/", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Is The People's Voice, the source of the published remark, a credible source?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67a4313ee2f02e5f499762e9#INPUT#3#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": " No, his representative refuted the claim, and there is no evidence supporting the story.\n", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240423053038/https://tineye.com/", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Did Mark Wahlberg make a statement about Hollywood pedophiles in 2023?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}], "justification": "There is no evidence to support the claim that Mark Wahlberg made the statement, and his representative refuted it.", "claim_text": "Mark Wahlberg said \"Hollywood pedophiles have nowhere left to hide.\" ", "claim_images": ["67a4313ee2f02e5f499762e9#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "Baxter Dmitry", "transcription": "", "media_source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230714133528im_/https://cdn.thepeoplesvoice.tv/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/cst.brightspotcdn-678x381.jpg.webp", "original_claim_url": "", "reporting_source": "The People's Voice", "claim_types": ["Quote Verification"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Reverse Image Search", "Keyword Search"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": [], "image_misuse_types": [], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240621035332/https://en.youturn.in/factcheck/is-it-jinnah-shaking-hands-with-savarkar-in-the-viral-photo.html", "date": "2023-07-26", "label": "Refuted", "location": "IN", "questions": [{"input_images": ["67a4b6d1e2f02e5f4997a45a#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "The image can be found in a YouTube video entitled \"Cripps Mission, 1942\" published by Nehru Memorial Museum and Library", "source_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hgtp9MYGwGY", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Where is the image published?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67a4b6d1e2f02e5f4997a45a#INPUT#1#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Abstractive", "answer_text": "Research scholar Anuj Dhar identified the man meeting the Hindu delegation in 1942 as Stafford Cripps", "source_url": "https://x.com/vikramsampath/status/1489210497769431044?s=46&t=kIszbQH_arRSG8kPbuGeZw", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Who is the person meeting the Hindu Mahasabha, Vinayak Damodar Savarkar in the YouTube video?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}], "justification": "The person shaking hands with the Hindu Mahasabha, Vinayak Damodar Savarkar in the image is Stafford Cripps, not Muhammad Ali Jinnah.", "claim_text": "Image showed Pakistan\u2019s founder Muhammad Ali Jinnah shaking hands with the former President of the Hindu Mahasabha, Vinayak Damodar Savarkar in 1942.", "claim_images": ["67a4b6d1e2f02e5f4997a45a#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "@KirtiAzaad", "transcription": "", "media_source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230802120426im_/https://pbs.twimg.com/media/F17zHGIWEAIIfzL?format=jpg&name=large", "original_claim_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230802120426/https://twitter.com/KirtiAzaad/status/1684053712212484096?s=20", "reporting_source": "Twitter", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Reverse Image Search", "Image Analysis", "Video Analysis"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230617161207/https://cambodia.factcrescendo.com/english/was-this-the-portrait-photo-of-king-chey-chettha-ii/", "date": "2023-06-01", "label": "Refuted", "location": "KH", "questions": [{"input_images": ["67a50ecde2f02e5f4998b76d#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Boolean", "answer_text": "Yes", "source_url": "https://www.alamy.com/vietnam-emperor-khai-dinh-8-october-1885-6-november-1925-12th-emperor-of-the-nguyen-dynasty-in-1916-emperor-khi-nh-was-the-12th-emperor-of-the-nguyn-dynasty-in-vietnam-his-name-at-birth-was-prince-nguyn-phc-bu-o-he-was-the-son-of-emperor-ng-khnh-but-he-did-not-succeed-him-immediately-he-reigned-only-nine-years-1916-1925-image344233306.html?imageid=D65F76D9-3C1A-4850-9256-6E7FBE8BC8E4&p=871016&pn=1&searchId=f21f14994cb24272c42f50b5b7f9d51d&searchtype=0", "source_medium": "Web text", "boolean_explanation": "The image is a stock photo on the Alamy website"}], "question": "Can the image be located on any credible websites to confirm the identity of the man in the image?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67a50ecde2f02e5f4998b76d#INPUT#1#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Boolean", "answer_text": "Yes", "source_url": "https://www.alamy.com/vietnam-emperor-khai-dinh-8-october-1885-6-november-1925-12th-emperor-of-the-nguyen-dynasty-in-1916-emperor-khi-nh-was-the-12th-emperor-of-the-nguyn-dynasty-in-vietnam-his-name-at-birth-was-prince-nguyn-phc-bu-o-he-was-the-son-of-emperor-ng-khnh-but-he-did-not-succeed-him-immediately-he-reigned-only-nine-years-1916-1925-image344233306.html?imageid=D65F76D9-3C1A-4850-9256-6E7FBE8BC8E4&p=871016&pn=1&searchId=f21f14994cb24272c42f50b5b7f9d51d&searchtype=0", "source_medium": "Web text", "boolean_explanation": "Vietnam: Emperor Khai Dinh (8 October 1885 - 6 November 1925), 12th emperor of the Nguyen Dynasty, in 1916. "}], "question": "Does the Alamy stock photo identify the man in the image?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}], "justification": "The image shows Vietnam Emperor Khai Dinh in 1916, verified by the stock image website the photo is published on.", "claim_text": "A photo depicts Cambodian King Chey Chettha II in 1622", "claim_images": ["67a50ecde2f02e5f4998b76d#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "\u1780\u17d2\u1798\u17c2\u179a \u179f\u17d2\u1793\u17c1\u17a0\u17b6\u1787\u17b6\u178f\u17b7 (Patriotic Khmer)", "transcription": "King Chey Chetha II, Chalva M. 1622(\u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17c7\u1794\u17b6\u1791 \u1787\u17d0\u1799 \u1787\u17c1\u178a\u17d2\u178b\u17b6 \u1791\u17b8\u17e2 \u1787 \u179b\u17d2\u179c\u17b6\u17a2\u17c2\u1798 \u17e1\u17e6\u17e2\u17e2)", "media_source": "https://archive.vn/qKCOw/ccdf4d1c8e88e2fb3cc36cb11ed0085d5154d566.jpg", "original_claim_url": "https://archive.vn/qKCOw", "reporting_source": "Facebook", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Reverse Image Search"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20241212061312/https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/kummakivi-balancing-rock/", "date": "2023-07-08", "label": "Not Enough Evidence", "location": "FI", "questions": [{"input_images": ["67a90a9978ffc1b9fb72022c#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Boolean", "answer_text": "Yes", "source_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wXrSTZbl3vM", "source_medium": "Video", "boolean_explanation": "\"Kummakivi\" or the strange rock can be found in Finland, visited for hundreds of years by people. It is an eternal balancing act caused by nature and has been as it is for 12000 years. The video shows it at 5:59."}], "question": "Is the Kummakivi rock in Finland a real balancing rock?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67a90a9978ffc1b9fb72022c#INPUT#1#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Abstractive", "answer_text": "According to the narrator of the video, the rock is estimated to weigh 500 tons, which would equal 500,000 kg; however, no one has actually weighed the rock.", "source_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wXrSTZbl3vM", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "How much does the Kummakivi rock weigh?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}], "justification": "While it has been estimated that Finlands Kummakivi rock weighs 500 tons or roughly 500,000 kg, the rock has never actually been weighed.", "claim_text": "Finland's Kummakivi Rock Weighs 500,000 Kg", "claim_images": ["67a90a9978ffc1b9fb72022c#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "daqgsftwgrsshyrs", "transcription": "", "media_source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20220709202229im_/https://i.redd.it/t3rfctls4na91.jpg", "original_claim_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20220709202228/https://www.reddit.com/r/interestingasfuck/comments/vv9xrp/kummakivi_is_a_500_000_kg_rock_in_finland_that/", "reporting_source": "reddit", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": [], "image_misuse_types": [], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20241212061312/https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/kummakivi-balancing-rock/", "date": "2023-07-08", "label": "Supported", "location": "FI", "questions": [{"input_images": ["67a90d1678ffc1b9fb7207ed#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "Experts maintain it is approximately, 11,500 years old", "source_url": "https://saimaageopark.fi/en/kummakivi-erratic-boulder/#filter=r-fullyTranslatedLangus-,r-openState-,sb-sortedBy-0&zc=15.,28.42918,61.49352", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "How old is Finland's Kummakivi Balancing Rock?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "Both the r\u00f4che moutonn\u00e9e and the erratic boulder are mixed granite-cordierite-mica gneiss typical for the area, and the grooves and chatter marks tell of glacial erosion. The area emerged from underneath the continental ice sheet around 11,500 years ago, when the environment around Kummakivi differed drastically from that of today: instead of nestling in the shade of the forest, the boulder was perched on the shore of an ancient ice lake.", "source_url": "https://saimaageopark.fi/en/kummakivi-erratic-boulder/#filter=r-fullyTranslatedLangus-,r-openState-,sb-sortedBy-0&zc=15.,28.42918,61.49352", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "How was the age of Finland's Kummakivi Balancing Rock derived?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}], "justification": "According to experts, Finland's Kummakivi Rock is approximately 11,500 years old, based on estimates of when the area emerged from the continental ice sheet.", "claim_text": "Finland's Kummakivi Rock has been stood on top of the rock below for 11,000 years", "claim_images": ["67a90d1678ffc1b9fb7207ed#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "daqgsftwgrsshyrs", "transcription": "", "media_source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20220709202229im_/https://i.redd.it/t3rfctls4na91.jpg", "original_claim_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20220709202228/https://www.reddit.com/r/interestingasfuck/comments/vv9xrp/kummakivi_is_a_500_000_kg_rock_in_finland_that/", "reporting_source": "reddit", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": [], "image_misuse_types": [], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240805030244/https://leadstories.com/hoax-alert/2023/06/fact-check-30-tons-of-stolen-ammonium-nitrate-not-used-to-start-canadian-wildfires.html", "date": "2023-06-07", "label": "Refuted", "location": "CA", "questions": [{"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Boolean", "answer_text": "Yes", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240917102723/https://www.wyomingnewsnow.tv/2023/05/24/30-tons-explosive-fertilizer-disappeared-train-after-departing-cheyenne/", "source_medium": "Web text", "boolean_explanation": "30 tons of ammonium nitrate went missing during a two-week trip from Cheyenne, Wyoming to Satldale, California that began in mid-April 2023"}], "question": "Was 30 tons of ammonium nitrate missing?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Boolean", "answer_text": "No", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240402220845/https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2023/05/23/explosive-chemical-missing-train-ammonium-nitrate/70246864007/", "source_medium": "Web text", "boolean_explanation": "The manufacturer explained, \"The railcar was sealed when it left the Cheyenne facility, and the seals were still intact when it arrived in Saltdale,' a spokesperson for the company that manufactures explosives told USA TODAY. 'The railcar was also observed after departure in the railroad's Cheyenne yard with the seals intact and no sign of any leaks.'\"\n\n'The initial assessment is that a leak through the bottom gate on the railcar may have developed in transit,' according to the company, releasing pellets onto the tracks over the two-week trip."}], "question": "What the 30 tons of ammonium nitrate ever found?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67a9192678ffc1b9fb721c04#INPUT#2#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Boolean", "answer_text": "No", "source_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20230608191706/https://twitter.com/projectvirginia/status/1666858066334167050", "source_medium": "Web text", "boolean_explanation": "The post referred to ammonia nitrate which is a gaseous compound. The missing product was a solid compound."}], "question": "Did the social media post refer to the missing ammonium nitrate?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "Extreme weather, record high temperatures, and dry conditions caused by climate change intensified 2023's wildfire crisis", "source_url": "https://natural-resources.canada.ca/stories/simply-science/canada-s-record-breaking-wildfires-2023-fiery-wake-call", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "What cause was attributed to the wildfires by professionals?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}], "justification": "The Canadian wildfires were attributed to extreme weather, record high temperatures, and dry conditions, not ammonia nitrate so the claim is refuted.", "claim_text": "30 Tons Of Stolen Ammonia Nitrate Was Used To Start Canadian Wildfires", "claim_images": ["67a9192678ffc1b9fb721c04#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "@ProjectVirginia", "transcription": "", "media_source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240524115107im_/https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FyHejO6XsAE7Gfm?format=jpg&name=small", "original_claim_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240524115105/https://x.com/ProjectVirginia/status/1666858066334167050", "reporting_source": "X ", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Consultation"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Textual refuted"], "image_misuse_types": [], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20231004210901/https://checkyourfact.com/2023/06/23/fact-check-wells-fargo-withdrawal-limit/", "date": "2023-06-23", "label": "Refuted", "location": "US", "questions": [{"input_images": ["67a91c6278ffc1b9fb7221df#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "The image was originally posted to r/Bitcoin on Reddit by Caitlin Long", "source_url": "https://www.reddit.com/r/Bitcoin/comments/143q48b/always_love_a_good_reminder_of_why_were_right_on/", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Where was the image originally posted?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Boolean", "answer_text": "No", "source_url": "https://x.com/CaitlinLong_/status/1670067404544540672?cxt=HHwWgICw7Zfdoq0uAAAA", "source_medium": "Web text", "boolean_explanation": "Caitlin Long is a founder and the CEO of Custodia Bank and an advocate of Bitcoin."}], "question": "Is Caitlin Long an employee of Wells Fargo where the image was posted?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67a91c6278ffc1b9fb7221df#INPUT#2#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Boolean", "answer_text": "No", "source_url": "https://x.com/CaitlinLong_/status/1670067404544540672?cxt=HHwWgICw7Zfdoq0uAAAA", "source_medium": "Web text", "boolean_explanation": "Caitlin Long noted that it was fake and posted to Twitter, \"BEWARE OF IMPERSONATORS, folks! \nI use Twitter, LinkedIn & Nostr.\nThere are many \"fake Caitlins\" impersonating me on other social sites (Reddit, Instagram, Facebook etc), and just last week I found 21 \"fake Caitlins\" on Twitter in a single day. Be careful out there!"}], "question": "Did Caitlin Long of Custodia Bank claim to have posted the image to Reddit?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}], "justification": "The image originated on Reddit under an account by the name of Caitlin Long. On her verified Twitter account, Caitlin Long (founder and the CEO of Custodia Bank), Long warned that others were impersonating her on other social media sites. There is no evidence that the image is real.", "claim_text": "Wells Fargo imposed a $1000 daily cash withdrawal limit due to emergency conditions", "claim_images": ["67a91c6278ffc1b9fb7221df#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "American Christian Prophetic TV", "transcription": "Due to emergency conditions and to accomodate all customers, today's daily cash withdrawal limit is $1,000.00 You may contine to use your Wells Fargo Debit, ATM, or Prepaid card for puchases during this time. Please visit our nearest Wells Fargo branch at: We're sorry for the inconvenience Thank you for your business.", "media_source": "https://scontent-man2-1.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t39.30808-6/354221145_270366112189405_476438083789106792_n.jpg?stp=dst-jpg_p526x296_tt6&_nc_cat=103&ccb=1-7&_nc_sid=833d8c&_nc_ohc=CGgqiYfPe80Q7kNvgEEvSVC&_nc_zt=23&_nc_ht=scontent-man2-1.xx&_nc_gid=Ao17KeCKClFmbOJZq6vP4Mt&oh=00_AYA9WPVKdrgjjrtU6NXW20cYLoPLVc1xCciM0GpGVLkyPQ&oe=67956624", "original_claim_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230614143157/https://www.facebook.com/100070081334425/posts/560162422996464", "reporting_source": "Facebook", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Consultation"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Textual refuted"], "image_misuse_types": [], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240723143427/https://newschecker.in/fact-check/2016-photo-of-capsized-migrant-boat-off-libya-coast-falsely-linked-to-greece-boat-disaster/", "date": "2023-06-19", "label": "Refuted", "location": "GR", "questions": [{"input_images": ["67c7834c35531374f6be9ddc#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "May 26, 2016", "source_url": "https://www.nytimes.com/video/world/europe/100000004438091/italy-rescues-over-500-off-libyan-coast.html", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "When was the photo first published?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related", "Metadata-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67c7834c35531374f6be9ddc#INPUT#1#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "Migrants are seen on a capsizing boat before a rescue operation by Italian navy ships off the coast of Libya on May 25, 2016.", "source_url": "https://www.ndtv.com/world-news/mediterranean-sea-disasters-swallow-up-over-1-000-migrants-1414191", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "What does the image show?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}], "justification": "The image was is from 2016, and shows migrants on a capsized boat before being rescued by Italian navy ships off the coast of Libya. It is not linked to a sinking boat in Greece so the claim is refuted.", "claim_text": "A photo shows a sinking refugee boat near Greece that killed at least 78 people, and possibly hundreds are feared dead", "claim_images": ["67c7834c35531374f6be9ddc#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "@KreatelyMedia", "transcription": "", "media_source": "https://x.com/KreatelyMedia/status/1670826515951501314?t=O-iPoSEvbcCnOJDGnMaSMg&s=08", "original_claim_url": "https://x.com/KreatelyMedia/status/1670826515951501314?t=O-iPoSEvbcCnOJDGnMaSMg&s=08", "reporting_source": "Twitter", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Reverse Image Search"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230727133517/https://factcheck.afp.com/doc.afp.com.33PV349", "date": "2023-07-20", "label": "Refuted", "location": "NG", "questions": [{"input_images": ["678c10d5e2f02e5f49845f1d#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "The Nansha Bridge", "source_url": "http://industrialscenery.blogspot.com/2023/06/2019-13km-nansha-bridge-over-pearl.html", "source_medium": "Image/graphic"}], "question": "What is the structure shown in the image?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "China", "source_url": "https://www.britannica.com/topic/Nansha-Bridge", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Where is the Nansha Bridge located?\n", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}], "justification": "Based on the QA pairs, the claim is successfully refuted (It's a Nansha bridge in China, not a spaghetti bridge in Nigeria).", "claim_text": "Photo shows the famous Spaghetti Highway Bridge  in Nigeria", "claim_images": ["678c10d5e2f02e5f49845f1d#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "Biafra Broadcast Isiagu", "transcription": "", "media_source": "", "original_claim_url": "https://perma.cc/K46P-YD6M", "reporting_source": "Facebook", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Reverse Image Search", "Keyword Search", "Image Analysis"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20241228091406/https://www.newsmobile.in/nm-fact-checker/fact-check-image-from-italy-falsely-shared-as-beautiful-road-in-himachal-pradesh/", "date": "2023-06-29", "label": "Refuted", "location": "IN", "questions": [{"input_images": ["678c1854e2f02e5f49845f8f#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "A road called Passo San Boldo", "source_url": "https://debeste.de/462793/Passo-San-Boldo,-Italien", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "What is the structure shown in the image?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "Trichiana, Italy", "source_url": "https://mycols.app/en/climb/passo-san-boldo-trichiana", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Where is Passo San Boldo located?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}], "justification": "Based on the QA pairs, the claim is successfully refuted. A road is  called Passo San Boldo and located in Trichiana, Italy, not India", "claim_text": "The image shows a road with numerous hairpin bends located in Himachal Pradesh, India", "claim_images": ["678c1854e2f02e5f49845f8f#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "Diary Times", "transcription": "", "media_source": "", "original_claim_url": "https://www.facebook.com/thediarytimes/posts/pfbid02VJVssRphYPYGfxZmVjbSKMokekQnT8J5ttErueDdw2FZRMq7h7GgKqbxN8pQ4Cv2l", "reporting_source": "Facebook ", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Reverse Image Search", "Geolocation"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20231207050404/https://www.boomlive.in/fact-check/viral-photo-manipur-sexual-assault-video-protest-unrelated-rally-social-media-22651", "date": "2023-07-28", "label": "Refuted", "location": "IN", "questions": [{"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "The incident occurred on May 4, 2023", "source_url": "https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/manipur-video-manipur-violence-7th-accused-arrested-over-manipur-video-of-women-paraded-naked-4238461", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "When did the assault of the two Kuki women in Manipur occur?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "The first arrest was made by the police on Thursday, July 20, 2023. Six others were arrested by July 24, 2023.", "source_url": "https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/manipur-video-manipur-violence-7th-accused-arrested-over-manipur-video-of-women-paraded-naked-4238461", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "When were arrests made regarding the assault of the Kuki women?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": ["678cf0f1e2f02e5f49847ee5#INPUT#2#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "Imphal Times published the image on July 29, 2023", "source_url": "https://archive.vn/7AJNt", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "What source originally published the image?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["678cf0f1e2f02e5f49847ee5#INPUT#3#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "A mass rally organized by the Co-ordinating Committee for Manipur\u2019s Integrity (COCOMI) and reaffirmed stand against Chin Kuki Narco-Terrorists held on Saturday, July 29, 2023", "source_url": "https://archive.vn/7AJNt", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "What does the image depict?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}], "justification": "The claim is refuted by QA pairs. The photo is used out of context, as it shows a mass rally against Chin Kuki Narco-Terrorists held on Saturday, July 29, 2023", "claim_text": "The photo depicts a rally in Manipur by the Meitei group protesting the arrest of persons accused of assaulting two Kuki women", "claim_images": ["678cf0f1e2f02e5f49847ee5#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "@ashoswai", "transcription": "", "media_source": "", "original_claim_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230729100106/https://twitter.com/ashoswai/status/1685198854772211712", "reporting_source": "Twitter", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Reverse Image Search"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240910115706/https://www.altnews.in/muskan-khan-in-london-rj-sayemas-photo-used-to-attack-hijab-ban-protester/", "date": "2023-06-13", "label": "Refuted", "location": "IN", "questions": [{"input_images": ["678e9386e2f02e5f4985b318#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "June 6, 2023 on Twitter by @_sayema", "source_url": "https://x.com/_sayema/status/1666137742298820620", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "When was the photo originally published?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["678e9386e2f02e5f4985b318#INPUT#1#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Boolean", "answer_text": "Yes", "source_url": "https://x.com/_sayema/status/1666137742298820620", "source_medium": "Web text", "boolean_explanation": "The post says, \"London is beautiful\u2764\ufe0f\""}], "question": "Is the June 6, 2023 Twitter image captioned?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Abstractive", "answer_text": "Sayema is a radio jockey at Radio Mirchi", "source_url": "https://mirchi.in/creators/rj-sayema", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Is Sayema a student from Karnataka?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}], "justification": "The first photo shows RJ Sayema, and not student protester Muskan Khan.", "claim_text": "The photo shows student protester Muskan Khan, known for opposing the hijab ban in Karnataka, appearing in London without wearing a hijab.", "claim_images": ["678e9386e2f02e5f4985b318#CLAIM#0.jpg", "678e9386e2f02e5f4985b318#CLAIM#1.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "@PrabhashkarSax1", "transcription": "", "media_source": "", "original_claim_url": "https://archive.is/g1SHO", "reporting_source": "Twitter", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Reverse Image Search", "Fact-checker Reference"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240621095431/https://www.telugupost.com/english-factcheck/indian-cricket-team-captain-rohit-sharma-did-not-announce-his-retirement-from-test-cricket-1480609", "date": "2023-06-10", "label": "Refuted", "location": "IN", "questions": [{"input_images": ["678ec9f8e2f02e5f4985da4d#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Abstractive", "answer_text": "The image was shared in 2022 by Virat Kohli on his occasion of retirement as former captain", "source_url": "https://www.reddit.com/r/CricketBuddies/comments/1i1q95h/on_this_day_in_2022_virat_kohli_resigned_from/", "source_medium": "Image/graphic"}], "question": "When was the image originally published?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Boolean", "answer_text": "Yes", "source_url": "https://x.com/WisdenIndia/status/1627843045025775618", "source_medium": "Web text", "boolean_explanation": "This Twitter post shows Rohit Sharma's 2023 stats."}], "question": "Was Rohit Sharma still playing test cricket in 2023?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}], "justification": "The image shared is from 2022. It's a retirement notice from Virat Kohli and not Rohit Sharma.", "claim_text": "Indian cricket team captain Rohit Sharma has announced his retirement from test cricket.", "claim_images": ["678ec9f8e2f02e5f4985da4d#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "@imVKohli___18", "transcription": "", "media_source": "", "original_claim_url": "", "reporting_source": "Twitter ", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Reverse Image Search"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230929143518/https://www.telugupost.com/english-factcheck/viral-image-of-cmr-shopping-mall-hoarding-makes-a-false-claim-of-its-publicity-place-1482422", "date": "2023-06-19", "label": "Refuted", "location": "IN", "questions": [{"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Boolean", "answer_text": "No", "source_url": "https://www.facebook.com/CMRshoppingmall/posts/apologies-for-the-blunder-from-the-entire-cmr-telangana-group-we-have-no-intenti/1046972922166348/", "source_medium": "Web text", "boolean_explanation": "In a Facebook post dated May 31, 2019, CMR stated: \"Apologies for the blunder from the entire CMR Telangana Group. \nWe have no intentions of hurting any religious sentiments or create any distinction. We support all religions and respect every community with no bias. \nAll the hoardings have been removed and we assure to not repeat anything of this sort in future.\nCMR Shopping mall Andhra Pradesh is in no way associated or related with this\""}], "question": "Did CMR Shopping Mall erect the advertisement in Karnataka?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Abstractive", "answer_text": "Both are southern Indian states but are distinct from one another.", "source_url": "https://examrobot.com/content/out-four-southern-states-andhra-pradesh-karnataka-kerala-and-tamil-nadu-which-shares", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Are Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka the same place?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}], "justification": "According to the QA, it's an old advertisement from 2019 from  Andhra Pradesh and not Karnataka.", "claim_text": "An advertisement for the CMR shopping mall in Karnataka promises discounts up to 50% to Muslim men who arrive with Hindu women.", "claim_images": ["678ed742e2f02e5f4985df61#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "Ghanshyam Kashyap", "transcription": "", "media_source": "", "original_claim_url": "https://www.facebook.com/photo?fbid=1401254853941666", "reporting_source": "Facebook", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Reverse Image Search"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230928101837/https://en.youturn.in/factcheck/image-of-ins-sindhurakshah-that-sank-is-2013-is-shared-as-recent.html", "date": "2023-06-03", "label": "Refuted", "location": "IN", "questions": [{"input_images": ["67950393e2f02e5f498925a3#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Boolean", "answer_text": "Yes", "source_url": "https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/submarine-ins-sindhurakshak-sinks-after-blasts-shows-sub-par-naval-abilities/articleshow/21833888.cms?from=mdr", "source_medium": "Web text", "boolean_explanation": "The image depicts the INS Sindhurakshak which was gutted and sank, and was India's worst naval accident in at least three decades \n\n"}], "question": "Is the submarine in the image the INS Sindhurakshak?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "The submarine sank on Wednesday, August 14, 2013", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20231006101340/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/midnight-blasts-sink-ins-sindhurakshak/article5020065.ece", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "On what date, did the INS Sindhurakshak sink?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "The Prime Minister of India in 2013 was Manmohan Singh", "source_url": "https://archivepmo.nic.in/drmanmohansingh/visit-all.php?show=INT", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Who was the Prime Minister of India in 2013 when the INS Sindhurakshak sank?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}], "justification": " INS Sindhurakshak  sank on Wednesday, August 14, 2013. The Prime Minister of India in 2013 was Manmohan Singh. Therefore, the sinking of this submarine has nothing to do with  Prime Minister Narendra Modi.", "claim_text": "Due to the cronyism of Prime Minister Narendra Modi, the Indian Navy submarine (INS) Sindhurakshak has exploded and sank following the train accident in Odisha that happened on June 2, 2023, Friday.", "claim_images": ["67950393e2f02e5f498925a3#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "@arjundsage1", "transcription": "", "media_source": "", "original_claim_url": "https://x.com/arjundsage1/status/1665169866909978625?s=46&t=kIszbQH_arRSG8kPbuGeZw", "reporting_source": "Twitter", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Reverse Image Search", "Keyword Search"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230928232150/https://en.youturn.in/factcheck/old-images-of-morbi-hospital-renovation-work-shared-as-cuttack-hospital-ahead-of-modis-visit.html", "date": "2023-06-02", "label": "Refuted", "location": "IN", "questions": [{"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "June 2, 2023", "source_url": "https://apnews.com/article/india-train-derailment-odisha-f272d8811ed7826ea2fb110b8eb26441", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "When did the train accident occur in Odisha, India?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67951db4e2f02e5f49892e59#INPUT#1#0.jpg", "67951db4e2f02e5f49892e59#INPUT#1#1.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "November 1, 2022", "source_url": "https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/gujarat-morbi-bridge-collapse-pm-modi-visit-civil-hospital-paint-aap-congress-2291698-2022-11-01", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "When were the images first published?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Abstractive", "answer_text": "The images show the Morbi Civil Hospital being freshly painted in anticipation of Modi's visit after a suspension bridge collapse that killed over 130 people.", "source_url": "https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/gujarat-morbi-bridge-collapse-pm-modi-visit-civil-hospital-paint-aap-congress-2291698-2022-11-01", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "What do the images show?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}], "justification": "This image is from November 1, 2022 and it shows  the Morbi Civil Hospital being freshly painted in anticipation of Modi's visit after a suspension bridge collapse that killed over 130 people, and not the Cuttack hospital in 2023 ahead of  Modi's visit to meet Odisha train accident victims.", "claim_text": "Renovation work at Cuttack hospital ahead of India's PM Narendra Modi's visit to meet Odisha train accident victims.", "claim_images": ["67951db4e2f02e5f49892e59#CLAIM#0.jpg", "67951db4e2f02e5f49892e59#CLAIM#1.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "@iamyournaveen", "transcription": "", "media_source": "", "original_claim_url": "https://x.com/iamyournaveen/status/1664927198157914136?s=46&t=kIszbQH_arRSG8kPbuGeZw", "reporting_source": "Twitter", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Reverse Image Search"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20231202141505/https://misbar.com/en/factcheck/2023/07/03/photo-of-protestors-seizing-police-car-is-a-movie-scene", "date": "2023-07-01", "label": "Refuted", "location": "FR", "questions": [{"input_images": ["679d6acbe2f02e5f499227ac#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Boolean", "answer_text": "Yes", "source_url": "https://x.com/NetflixFR/status/1562003092534599680", "source_medium": "Image/graphic", "boolean_explanation": "The image appears in a Twitter post by Netflix France which identifies the image as a scene from the film Athena."}], "question": "Does a reverse image search produce the image in any other source? ", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "2022", "source_url": "https://www.metacritic.com/movie/athena/", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "When was the movie Athena released?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": ["679d6acbe2f02e5f499227ac#INPUT#2#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Boolean", "answer_text": "Yes", "source_url": "https://geektyrant.com/news/trailer-for-netflixs-visually-stunning-french-action-thriller-athena", "source_medium": "Image/graphic", "boolean_explanation": "The image appears in the official Netflix trailer for the film Athena at the 1:27 mark."}], "question": "Does the image appear in any Netflix promotional materials for the film Athena?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}], "justification": "The image is actually a screenshot from a scene from the film Athena, released in 2022, and not French protesters seizing control of a police car during riots in early July, 2023", "claim_text": "A photo shows French protesters seizing control of a police car during riots in early July, 2023", "claim_images": ["679d6acbe2f02e5f499227ac#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "@Trzaskal", "transcription": "", "media_source": "", "original_claim_url": "https://x.com/Trzaskal/status/1675479836729409539", "reporting_source": "X", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Reverse Image Search"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230710192400/https://factcheck.afp.com/doc.afp.com.33NF3Q4", "date": "2023-06-28", "label": "Refuted", "location": "ZA", "questions": [{"input_images": ["679d7ab1e2f02e5f49923556#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "On May 5, 2018 by the South African Police Service", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20180506002810/https://www.saps.gov.za/newsroom/msspeechdetail.php?nid=15590", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "When was the image originally published?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["679d7ab1e2f02e5f49923556#INPUT#1#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "A 27 year old man was arrested and R6.9 million worth of cash in American and South African currency, was seized at the OR Tambo International Airport.", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20180506002810/https://www.saps.gov.za/newsroom/msspeechdetail.php?nid=15590", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "How did the South African Police Service come into possession of the cash in the image?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}], "justification": "The image shows R6.9 million worth of cash in American and South African currency, that was seized at the OR Tambo International Airport on May 5, 2018 by the South African Police Service, and not in South Africa's Limpopo province in June, 2023.", "claim_text": "A photo shows money recovered by police from a 19-year-old, Nedzanani Vhugala Thivhilaeli, in South Africa's Limpopo province in June, 2023", "claim_images": ["679d7ab1e2f02e5f49923556#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "@Shonny_SA", "transcription": "", "media_source": "", "original_claim_url": "https://archive.ph/O6hKi", "reporting_source": "X", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Reverse Image Search"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240916174754/https://www.logicallyfacts.com/en/fact-check/false-fake-appeal-for-missing-child-sofia-viral-on-social-media", "date": "2023-06-29", "label": "Refuted", "location": "GB", "questions": [{"input_images": ["679f05fae2f02e5f4992ce1e#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "February 10, 2021 by BBC", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240909035956/https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-york-north-yorkshire-56008870", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "When was the image originally published?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["679f05fae2f02e5f4992ce1e#INPUT#1#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "A couple who fear their dogs were stolen by pet thieves have offered their \u00a320,000 life savings for the animals' safe return. Their daughter, Ruby, is pictured with the missing dogs.", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240909035956/https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-york-north-yorkshire-56008870", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "What does the February 10, 2021 image by the BBC portray?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}], "justification": "The image was first published on February 10, 2021 by BBC and shows a girl, Ruby, with the missing dogs. Her parents who fear their dogs were stolen by pet thieves have offered their \u00a320,000 life savings for the animals' safe return. The image has been misused in a wrong context, that \"it shows a missing girl named Sofia\". Therefore, the claim is refuted. ", "claim_text": "Photo shows a girl named Sofia is missing in the UK.", "claim_images": ["679f05fae2f02e5f4992ce1e#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "", "transcription": "", "media_source": "", "original_claim_url": "", "reporting_source": "Facebook", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Reverse Image Search"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230615145753/https://factcheck.afp.com/doc.afp.com.33JL9KK", "date": "2023-06-11", "label": "Refuted", "location": "ZA", "questions": [{"input_images": ["679f9201e2f02e5f49930e4d#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "March 23, 2023 in the Daily Maverick", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230512002853/https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2023-03-23-sinkhole-menace-khutsong-finally-to-be-declared-disaster-area/", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "When was the image originally published?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["679f9201e2f02e5f49930e4d#INPUT#1#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "A community at risk of being swallowed by hazardous, neglected sinkholes in Khutsong, a township to the west of Johannesburg", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230512002853/https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2023-03-23-sinkhole-menace-khutsong-finally-to-be-declared-disaster-area/", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "What was the context of the image published in the Daily Maverick on March 23, 2023?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}], "justification": "The image is misused in a wrong context as it's from  March 23, 2023 and \n shows hazardous, neglected sinkholes in Khutsong, a township to the west of Johannesburg, not a crater caused by an earthquake in Johannesburg on June 11, 2023.", "claim_text": "An image shows a crater caused by an earthquake in Johannesburg on June 11, 2023", "claim_images": ["679f9201e2f02e5f49930e4d#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": " @MteteziMtetezi6", "transcription": "", "media_source": "https://archive.ph/ReWQc/91c0795958cb15a1c07cce45c143124f4aa46f8c.jpg", "original_claim_url": "https://archive.ph/ReWQc#selection-357.0-521.2", "reporting_source": "X (Formally Twitter)", "claim_types": ["Causal Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Consultation", "Reverse Image Search"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240624041737/https://en.youturn.in/factcheck/rj-sayema-in-london-is-falsely-claimed-as-burqa-clad-protestor-muskan-khan.html", "date": "2023-06-14", "label": "Refuted", "location": "IN", "questions": [{"input_images": ["67a0c7dee2f02e5f499455d3#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "June 6, 2023", "source_url": "https://archive.is/fpP3P", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "When was the image originally published?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67a0c7dee2f02e5f499455d3#INPUT#1#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Abstractive", "answer_text": "Radio jockey Sayema Rehman, who hosts shows on Radio Mirchi 98.3 FM in London", "source_url": "https://archive.is/fpP3P", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "What is the name of the person in the image?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67a0c7dee2f02e5f499455d3#INPUT#2#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "Muskan Khan", "source_url": "https://twitter.com/mind_kracker/status/1669324913654763522", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Who is the person in the image?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}], "justification": "The image shows Radio jockey Sayema Rehman, who hosts shows on Radio Mirchi 98.3 FM in London and not Muskan Kahn.", "claim_text": "An image shows Muskan Kahn, who fought for Hijab rights during BJP tenure, in London", "claim_images": ["67a0c7dee2f02e5f499455d3#CLAIM#0.jpg", "67a0c7dee2f02e5f499455d3#CLAIM#1.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "Hindu", "transcription": "", "media_source": "", "original_claim_url": "https://www.facebook.com/photo/?fbid=304810151874288&set=a.214059050949399", "reporting_source": "Facebook", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Reverse Image Search"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20231216043310/https://factcheck.afp.com/doc.afp.com.33HC4ZF", "date": "2023-06-04", "label": "Refuted", "location": "IN", "questions": [{"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Boolean", "answer_text": "No", "source_url": "https://archive.md/KdyE6", "source_medium": "Web text", "boolean_explanation": "The Bahanga Bazar Station Master at the time of the accident was a person named SB Mohanty"}], "question": "Was a person named Mohammed Sharif Ahmed working at the Bahanaga railway station at the time of the Odisha train crash?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67a0c81ae2f02e5f4994589e#INPUT#1#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "2004", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20231204030507/https://www.vikaschander.com/kottavalasa-kirandul-kk-line/", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "When was the image originally published?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67a0c81ae2f02e5f4994589e#INPUT#2#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Abstractive", "answer_text": "The image was published by a Delhi-based photographer named Vikas Chander who said the photo was taken at Borra Guhalu railway station in Andhra Pradesh. The name \"Borra Guhalu\" can be seen on the control panel.", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20231204030507/https://www.vikaschander.com/kottavalasa-kirandul-kk-line/", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "What were the circumstances of the image published in 2004?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}], "justification": "The image originally published in 2004 was taken at Borra Guhalu railway station in Andhra Pradesh and has nothing to do with the Odisha train crash that killed nearly 300 passengers and injured more than 900 in 2023.", "claim_text": "Mohammed Sharif Ahmed, a Muslim working at Bahanaga railway station, was responsible for the Odisha train crash that killed nearly 300 passengers and injured more than 900 in 2023", "claim_images": ["67a0c81ae2f02e5f4994589e#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "@BharatBhavsar11", "transcription": "", "media_source": "", "original_claim_url": "https://archive.md/zmG6h", "reporting_source": "Twitter", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Consultation", "Reverse Image Search"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240716124251/https://factcheck.afp.com/doc.afp.com.33HJ8T8", "date": "2023-06-06", "label": "Refuted", "location": "UA", "questions": [{"input_images": ["67a0fdf2e2f02e5f4994a281#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "On October 15, 2022 by the Soi Dog Foundation in Thailand in connection with flooding there", "source_url": "https://archive.is/M4z5V", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "When was the image of the dogs originally published?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67a0fdf2e2f02e5f4994a281#INPUT#1#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "March 22, 2021 by Reuters in connection with torrential rains in Australia", "source_url": "https://perma.cc/VX4E-55XY?type=image", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "When was the image of the cow originally published?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67a0fdf2e2f02e5f4994a281#INPUT#2#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "On July 26, 2019 by Russian news Amurskaya Pravda in connection with flooding in Mur Oblast, Russia", "source_url": "https://archive.ph/f3W8v", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "When was the image of the pig originally published?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}], "justification": "Based on the QA pairs, none of these photos are related to the flooding after the giant dam in Kherson area in Ukraine was attacked. Image 0 was originally published in July 26, 2019 by Russian news Amurskaya Pravda in connection with flooding in Mur Oblast, Russia, image 1 was first published March 22, 2021 by Reuters in connection with torrential rains in Australia and image 2 -- in October 15, 2022 by the Soi Dog Foundation in Thailand in connection with flooding there.", "claim_text": "A large number of pets have been left stranded in floodwaters after the giant dam in Kherson area in Ukraine was attacked.", "claim_images": ["67a0fdf2e2f02e5f4994a281#CLAIM#0.jpg", "67a0fdf2e2f02e5f4994a281#CLAIM#1.jpg", "67a0fdf2e2f02e5f4994a281#CLAIM#2.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "@TifFaNy_9member", "transcription": "", "media_source": "", "original_claim_url": "https://perma.cc/8G2N-7C75", "reporting_source": "Twitter", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Reverse Image Search", "Keyword Search"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240113120257/https://newsmobile.in/articles/2023/06/26/fact-check-2021-image-of-injured-woman-breastfeeding-child-falsely-linked-to-manipur-violence/", "date": "2023-06-18", "label": "Refuted", "location": "IN", "questions": [{"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "The clashes began on May 3, 2023.", "source_url": "https://www.thequint.com/explainers/manipur-link-between-poppy-cultivation-drug-abuse-ethnic-clashes", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "When did the ethnic clashes in Manipur occur?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67a58cdce2f02e5f49994311#INPUT#1#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "The earliest publication was September 30, 2021 on Facebook.", "source_url": "https://www.facebook.com/thiha.ko.5855/posts/1012775699521021", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "When was the image of the breastfeeding woman first published?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}], "justification": "The image is unrelated to Manipur violence in May 2023 as it was originally published on September 30, 2021 on Facebook.", "claim_text": "The photo of an injured woman breastfeeding a baby is from Manipur violence in May 2023. ", "claim_images": ["67a58cdce2f02e5f49994311#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "Ranjeet Singh Rajpurchit", "transcription": "", "media_source": "", "original_claim_url": "", "reporting_source": "Facebook", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Reverse Image Search", "Keyword Search", "Fact-checker Reference"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240715111328/https://leadstories.com/hoax-alert/2023/07/fact-check-photo-does-not-show-remains-of-russian-soldiers-crushed-into-meat-cubes.html", "date": "2023-07-03", "label": "Refuted", "location": "RU", "questions": [{"input_images": ["67a6e16578ffc1b9fb702204#INPUT#0#0.jpg", "67a6e16578ffc1b9fb702204#INPUT#0#1.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "July 4, 2023 on Telegram", "source_url": "https://t.me/club_shebekino/4563", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "When were the images originally published?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67a6e16578ffc1b9fb702204#INPUT#1#0.jpg", "67a6e16578ffc1b9fb702204#INPUT#1#1.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "On July 4, 2023 Russian-language Fonar.TV published a story titled, \"Two tons of meat are rotting near the Shebekino shelter \"Angel\"\nThe box with leftover meat is humanitarian aid for the shelter, which the staff were unable to bring into the yard.\" An photo in the article matches one of the images in the claim.", "source_url": "https://fonar.tv/news/2023/07/04/vozle-shebekinskogo-priyuta-angel-gniyut-dve-tonny-myasa", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "What was the material depicted in the image on Telegram dated July 4, 2023?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}], "justification": "The image was originally published on July 4, 2023 on Telegram and it shows  a box with leftover meat \n - humanitarian aid for the shelter.", "claim_text": "Image shows remains of Russian soldiers crushed into cubes of meat.", "claim_images": ["67a6e16578ffc1b9fb702204#CLAIM#0.jpg", "67a6e16578ffc1b9fb702204#CLAIM#1.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "@bigsac10", "transcription": "", "media_source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20231119070604im_/https://leadstories.com/assets_c/2023/07/Screen%20Shot%202023-07-05%20at%204.15.23%20PM-thumb-900x746-3115250.png", "original_claim_url": "", "reporting_source": "twitter", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Image Analysis"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20241224051742/https://www.boomlive.in/fact-check/haryana-mewat-riots-nuh-communal-violence-viral-photos-fact-check-22689", "date": "2023-07-30", "label": "Refuted", "location": "IN", "questions": [{"input_images": ["67a7a31478ffc1b9fb709b97#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "August 26, 2017 in the Times of India connection with unrest in Panchkula\n", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240421083841/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chandigarh/nightmare-in-panchkula/articleshow/60228055.cms", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "When was the image of the policeman in riot gear originally published?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67a7a31478ffc1b9fb709b97#INPUT#1#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "February 20, 2013 in the Hindustan Times in connection with unrest in Noida", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240421083841/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chandigarh/nightmare-in-panchkula/articleshow/60228055.cms", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "When was the image of the burning car originally published?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67a7a31478ffc1b9fb709b97#INPUT#2#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "December 25, 2019 in The Times of India  connection with unrest in Kanpur", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230804013628/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kanpur/up-sit-to-probe-anti-caa-clashes-in-kanpur/articleshow/72969121.cms?from=mdr", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "When was the image of police clashing with protestors originally published?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67a7a31478ffc1b9fb709b97#INPUT#3#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "in December, 2019 in the Times of India in connection with unrest in Kanpur", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230804013628/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kanpur/up-sit-to-probe-anti-caa-clashes-in-kanpur/articleshow/72969121.cms?from=mdr", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "When was the image of the policeman with a baton originally published?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}], "justification": "The images don't show July, 2023 unrest in Nuh and Gurugram in Haryana. Image 3 is from 2017 and shows unrest in Panchkula, image 2 is from 2013 and shows unrest in Noida, images 1 and 0 are from 2019 and shows unrest in Kanpur ", "claim_text": "Images show July, 2023 unrest in Nuh and Gurugram in Haryana", "claim_images": ["67a7a31478ffc1b9fb709b97#CLAIM#0.jpg", "67a7a31478ffc1b9fb709b97#CLAIM#1.jpg", "67a7a31478ffc1b9fb709b97#CLAIM#2.jpg", "67a7a31478ffc1b9fb709b97#CLAIM#3.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "@ChandanSharmaG", "transcription": "", "media_source": "https://pbs.twimg.com/media/F2XxtcNWAAI6zgH?format=jpg&name=medium,https://pbs.twimg.com/media/F2XxtciXAAA3m92?format=jpg&name=medium,https://pbs.twimg.com/media/F2XxtchWkAAau9B?format=jpg&name=medium,https://pbs.twimg.com/media/F2XxtcjXUAArTb-?format=jpg&name=medium", "original_claim_url": "https://archive.ph/3cM6L", "reporting_source": "Twitter", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Reverse Image Search", "Image Analysis", "Geolocation"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20241001043342/https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/nanobots-sound-of-freedom/", "date": "2023-07-11", "label": "Refuted", "location": "US", "questions": [{"input_images": ["67a7a89278ffc1b9fb70ae02#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "October, 2020 in a Reddit post", "source_url": "https://archive.ph/kCjM6", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "When was the image of the vial originally published?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67a7a89278ffc1b9fb70ae02#INPUT#1#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Boolean", "answer_text": "Yes", "source_url": "https://archive.ph/kCjM6", "source_medium": "Web text", "boolean_explanation": "The description reads: \"Small glass vial sealed with yellow liquid found in attic space Lawrence Ks. 1997.\""}], "question": "Does the Reddit post of October, 2020 have a description of the vial?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67a7a89278ffc1b9fb70ae02#INPUT#2#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "February 23, 2022 in a Slash Gear science article about injectible nanobots", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20241007141835/https://www.slashgear.com/777282/these-injectable-nanobots-can-walk-around-inside-a-human-body/", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "When was the second image originally published?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}], "justification": "Neither of images are related to the claim. Image 0 is from February 23, 2022 Slash Gear science article about injectible nanobots and image 1 shows a small glass vial sealed with yellow liquid found in attic space Lawrence Ks. 1997.", "claim_text": "In July, 2023, AMC Theaters served nanobots to Sound of Freedom film audiences", "claim_images": ["67a7a89278ffc1b9fb70ae02#CLAIM#0.jpg", "67a7a89278ffc1b9fb70ae02#CLAIM#1.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "@mrnastynodrama", "transcription": "", "media_source": "https://pbs.twimg.com/media/F03ahjkXwAEQDe3?format=jpg&name=small,https://pbs.twimg.com/media/F03ahjjXsAMMdXs?format=jpg&name=large", "original_claim_url": "https://archive.ph/TtNth", "reporting_source": "x", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Media Source Discovery"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230824141324/https://factcheck.afp.com/doc.afp.com.33MU7N3", "date": "2023-06-15", "label": "Refuted", "location": "IN", "questions": [{"input_images": ["67a7b3fb78ffc1b9fb70d1cf#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "On March 29, 2013 in the Russian media Buro 24/7", "source_url": "https://archive.is/8XJFb", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "When was the image of the heart originally published?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67a7b3fb78ffc1b9fb70d1cf#INPUT#1#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Abstractive", "answer_text": "The article states that the wooden heart is a sculpture by Russian artist Dimitri Tsykalov and was exhibited by the Gallery Rabouan Moussion in Paris.", "source_url": "https://archive.is/8XJFb", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Does the article published by Buro 24/7 on March 29, 2013 describe the heart?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}], "justification": "The image, originally published on  March 29, 2013 in the Russian media Buro 24/7, is unrelated to the claim. It shows the wooden heart that is a sculpture by Russian artist Dimitri Tsykalov and was exhibited by the Gallery Rabouan Moussion in Paris.", "claim_text": "A wooden sculpture contains the live, beating heart of the Hindu god, Lord Krishna", "claim_images": ["67a7b3fb78ffc1b9fb70d1cf#CLAIM#0.jpg", "67a7b3fb78ffc1b9fb70d1cf#CLAIM#1.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "@IMightyWarrior", "transcription": "", "media_source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230616110648im_/https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FytoMgTXsAAr3Bo?format=jpg&name=medium,https://web.archive.org/web/20230616110648im_/https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FytoMwDWwAAh3at?format=jpg&name=900x900", "original_claim_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230616110647/https:/twitter.com/IMightyWarrior/status/1669542658476310528", "reporting_source": "Twitter", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Consultation", "Reverse Image Search", "Image Analysis"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20231130172028/https://factcheck.afp.com/doc.afp.com.33HG93X", "date": "2023-06-05", "label": "Refuted", "location": "US", "questions": [{"input_images": ["67aba05d78ffc1b9fb76b1f9#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "March, 2020", "source_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QawZQFfN3MY", "source_medium": "Video"}], "question": "When was the image originally published?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67aba05d78ffc1b9fb76b1f9#INPUT#1#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "Coronavirus: relief agency sets up field hospital New York City's Central Park | AFP", "source_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QawZQFfN3MY", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "What was the purpose of the medical tents set up in March of 2020?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}], "justification": "The evidence proves that the medical tents were set up in March, 2020 to treat Covid, not in June, 2023 to treat trafficked children rescued from underground tunnels in New York City.", "claim_text": "A June, 2023 photo shows medical tents set up to treat trafficked children rescued from underground tunnels in New York City", "claim_images": ["67aba05d78ffc1b9fb76b1f9#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "THiS LiL' MiSS KNOWS iT ALL @l42022425", "transcription": "", "media_source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20231130172028im_/https://factcheck.afp.com/sites/default/files/styles/list_xl/public/medias/factchecking/g2/2023-06/7ed217aeb5994b52307b39281178505a.jpeg?itok=vu3OzRdu", "original_claim_url": "https://archive.ph/YWqpO", "reporting_source": "Twitter", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Consultation", "Media Source Discovery", "Image Analysis", "Video Analysis"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20231130172028/https://factcheck.afp.com/doc.afp.com.33HG93X", "date": "2023-06-05", "label": "Refuted", "location": "US", "questions": [{"input_images": ["67aba12e78ffc1b9fb76b8a2#INPUT#0#0.jpg", "67aba12e78ffc1b9fb76b8a2#INPUT#0#1.jpg", "67aba12e78ffc1b9fb76b8a2#INPUT#0#2.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "March 2020", "source_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QawZQFfN3MY", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "When were the images originally published?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67aba12e78ffc1b9fb76b8a2#INPUT#1#0.jpg", "67aba12e78ffc1b9fb76b8a2#INPUT#1#1.jpg", "67aba12e78ffc1b9fb76b8a2#INPUT#1#2.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "Coronavirus: relief agency sets up field hospital New York City's Central Park | AFP", "source_url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QawZQFfN3MY", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "What was the purpose of setting up the medical tents in the images in March, 2020?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}], "justification": "Based on the evidence, the tents were set up in NY central park in March, 2020 as a field hospital for Covid patients, not to treat children rescued from underground tunnels in NYC who were victims of child trafficking and organ harvesting.\n", "claim_text": "Children rescued from underground tunnels in NYC were victims of child trafficking and organ harvesting.", "claim_images": ["67aba12e78ffc1b9fb76b8a2#CLAIM#0.jpg", "67aba12e78ffc1b9fb76b8a2#CLAIM#1.jpg", "67aba12e78ffc1b9fb76b8a2#CLAIM#2.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "THiS LiL' MiSS KNOWS iT ALL @l42022425", "transcription": "childtraffickingorgans.blogspot.com Child Trafficking and Child Organ... Samaritan's Purse OPERATION RESCUING", "media_source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20231008155622im_/https://s.abcnews.com/images/US/central-park-tents-gty-ps-200331_hpMain.jpg", "original_claim_url": "https://archive.ph/oNJcQ", "reporting_source": "Twitter", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Consultation", "Media Source Discovery", "Image Analysis", "Video Analysis"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230929195600/https://checkyourfact.com/2023/06/08/fact-check-post-chick-fil-a-pride-flag/", "date": "2023-06-01", "label": "Refuted", "location": "US", "questions": [{"input_images": ["67b15404719ccca960b4d16e#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "In 2012 on a Facebook post in the account of National Gay Day at Chick-Fil-A", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20241226005148/https://www.facebook.com/NGDatCFA/photos/pb.100067687465656.-2207520000./373632872660090/?type=3", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "When was the image originally published?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Boolean", "answer_text": "No", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20241226005148/https://www.facebook.com/NGDatCFA/photos/pb.100067687465656.-2207520000./373632872660090/?type=3", "source_medium": "Web text", "boolean_explanation": "The post was from a parody group and the name of the company was misspelled on the logo. The accompanying caption states that the image was intended to be shown as parody under Fair Use."}], "question": "Was the post sponsored by the company Chick-fil-A?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}], "justification": "Based on QA pairs, the claim is refuted. The post was from a parody group and the name of the company was misspelled on the logo. ", "claim_text": "An image shows fast food restaurant chain Chick-fil-A\u2019s logo with an LGBTQ+ Pride flag.", "claim_images": ["67b15404719ccca960b4d16e#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "Spinachbrah", "transcription": "", "media_source": "https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FxiYp8qXsAE7bn9?format=jpg&name=240x240", "original_claim_url": "https://twitter.com/basedspinach/status/1664247912140873728", "reporting_source": "Twitter", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Satirical Source Identification", "Media Source Discovery", "Keyword Search"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230608025811/https://factly.in/a-photo-of-a-murdered-woman-with-a-trident-tattooed-on-her-forearm-is-shared-with-a-false-communal-angle/", "date": "2023-06-02", "label": "Refuted", "location": "IN", "questions": [{"input_images": ["67c87b8435531374f6c131b6#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "a constable posted at Uttan beach found a headless woman's body in a bag. When the police reached the spot, they found a tattoo of Trishul and Om on the right hand of the dead body. ", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230609125335/https://www.indiatv.in/maharashtra/bhayandar-uttan-beach-woman-headless-dead-body-found-in-travel-bag-trishul-and-om-marks-on-hand-2023-06-02-965295", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "What happened to the person shown in the image?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "This oxymoron is an old Hindu supremacist trope of a supposed international Islamist conspiracy in which Muslim men seduce unsuspecting Hindu women into marriage, convert them to Islam and use them as child-producing factories, with the end game of numerically overtaking Hindus in India and turning it into an Islamic republic", "source_url": "https://time.com/5915872/love-jihad-india-democracy/", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "What is a \"love jihad\"?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": " teams ascertained the identity of the deceased woman as Anjali Mintu Singh (23), resident of Naigaon (east), after zeroing in on the tattoo maker.", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230606213943/https://www.freepressjournal.in/mumbai/mira-bhayandar-case-of-womans-headless-body-solved-in-12-hrs-tattoo-on-arm-leads-to-killers", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Was the identify of the headless body found stuffed in a bag at Uttan beach found?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Boolean", "answer_text": "No", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230606213943/https://www.freepressjournal.in/mumbai/mira-bhayandar-case-of-womans-headless-body-solved-in-12-hrs-tattoo-on-arm-leads-to-killers", "source_medium": "Web text", "boolean_explanation": "The accused was the husband of Anjali Mintu Singh, who committed the gory crime suspecting her of having an illicit relationship."}], "question": "Was the Anjali Mintu Singh killed as the result of a \"love jihad\"?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}], "justification": " The Hindu woman identified as Anjali Mintu Singh was killed by her husband  suspecting her of having an illicit relationship. The crime was unrelated to \"love jihad\".", "claim_text": "Dead body of a Hindu woman, who is believed to have succumbed to the influence of love jihad, was discovered in the Arabian Sea near Mumbai.", "claim_images": ["67c87b8435531374f6c131b6#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "Ch Vipin Chauhan", "transcription": "", "media_source": "https://www.facebook.com/vipin.chauhan.35380/posts/4004143426479615", "original_claim_url": "https://www.facebook.com/vipin.chauhan.35380/posts/4004143426479615", "reporting_source": "Facebook", "claim_types": ["Causal Claim", "Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Reverse Image Search"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240807225028/https://www.boomlive.in/fact-check/viral-photo-biker-carrying-corpse-mannequin-egypt-social-media-22143", "date": "2023-06-01", "label": "Refuted", "location": "EG", "questions": [{"input_images": ["67c7340e35531374f6be042d#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Abstractive", "answer_text": "Image was published on June 2, 2023.", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240628001547/https://www.cairo24.com/1808595", "source_medium": "Image/graphic"}], "question": "When was the image first published?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related", "Metadata-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67c7340e35531374f6be042d#INPUT#1#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "An Egypt-based news outlet Cairo24 published an article with the viral picture stating that it shows a man carrying a mannequin on a bike after the owner of a ready-made clothing store requested a transport company to deliver the statue from their shop to the Mokattam area in Cairo.", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240628001547/https://www.cairo24.com/1808595", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "What does the image show?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}], "justification": "The image shows a mannequin being transported in Cairo, not a corpse.", "claim_text": "A photo shows a Muslim man carrying a corpse on a bike.", "claim_images": ["67c7340e35531374f6be042d#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "Arpita Shaivya", "transcription": "", "media_source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230608145338/https://web.archive.org/web/20230602050933/https://twitter.com/arpispeaks/status/1664238419093102592", "original_claim_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230608145338/https://web.archive.org/web/20230602050933/https://twitter.com/arpispeaks/status/1664238419093102592", "reporting_source": "Twitter", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Reverse Image Search", "Keyword Search"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230629224328/https://fullfact.org/online/missing-grandma-hoax/", "date": "2023-06-20", "label": "Refuted", "location": "GB", "questions": [{"input_images": ["67c7440535531374f6be1b15#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "A 92 year old woman, Kathryn \"Kitty\" Wenckus  who was reported missing in Wisconsin, US, in 2018 and found the following morning. ", "source_url": "https://www.stevenspointjournal.com/story/news/2018/09/07/silver-alert-92-year-old-waupaca-county-woman-still-missing-kathryn-wenckus/1221008002/", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Who is the lady in the photo?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67c7440535531374f6be1b15#INPUT#1#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Abstractive", "answer_text": "The photo was published on September 7, 2018. ", "source_url": "https://www.stevenspointjournal.com/story/news/2018/09/07/silver-alert-92-year-old-waupaca-county-woman-still-missing-kathryn-wenckus/1221008002/", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "When was the photo posted?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}], "justification": "The woman in the photo is Kathryn \"Kitty\" Wenckus, a 92-year-old who was reported missing in Wisconsin, USA, in 2018. She was found the next morning. The image has no connection to any recent missing persons cases in the UK.", "claim_text": "A Facebook user is looking for their missing The photo shows grandma with dementia who went missing in various locations around the UK", "claim_images": ["67c7440535531374f6be1b15#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "", "transcription": "", "media_source": "", "original_claim_url": "", "reporting_source": "Facebook", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Reverse Image Search"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240224104023/https://fullfact.org/online/missing-grandma-hoax-2016-blog-photo/", "date": "2023-06-22", "label": "Refuted", "location": "GB", "questions": [{"input_images": ["67c7478f35531374f6be221b#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "The picture was posted on November 15, 2016.", "source_url": "https://www.reddit.com/r/aww/comments/5d23do/my_girl_turned_90_this_week_this_is_her_and_the/", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "When was a photo in the claim first posted?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related", "Metadata-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67c7478f35531374f6be221b#INPUT#1#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Abstractive", "answer_text": "The image shows a  90-year-old woman,  rather than a woman currently aged 80 as it says in the post. ", "source_url": "https://www.reddit.com/r/aww/comments/5d23do/my_girl_turned_90_this_week_this_is_her_and_the/", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "What does the image show?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}], "justification": "This claim is incorrect. The photo was originally shared on November 15, 2016, and actually features a 90-year-old woman, not an 80-year-old who recently went missing.", "claim_text": "Posts on social media claim that an 80-year-old grandmother with dementia has gone missing", "claim_images": ["67c7478f35531374f6be221b#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "r/aww", "transcription": "", "media_source": "https://www.reddit.com/r/aww/comments/5d23do/my_girl_turned_90_this_week_this_is_her_and_the/", "original_claim_url": "https://www.reddit.com/r/aww/comments/5d23do/my_girl_turned_90_this_week_this_is_her_and_the/", "reporting_source": "Reddit", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Reverse Image Search"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230609063904/https://newsmobile.in/articles/2023/06/05/fact-check-did-a-man-named-krishna-poojari-avert-tragic-train-accident-in-odisha-heres-the-truth/", "date": "2023-06-06", "label": "Refuted", "location": "IN", "questions": [{"input_images": ["67ccd00b35531374f6d0bbf4#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "October 31, 2018", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230606102601/https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Mangalore/udipi-man-runs-3-km-to-alert-about-crack-in-track/article25376224.ece", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "When did Krishna Poojari run six kilometers when he saw a broken train track?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Boolean", "answer_text": "No", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230606102601/https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Mangalore/udipi-man-runs-3-km-to-alert-about-crack-in-track/article25376224.ece", "source_medium": "Web text", "boolean_explanation": "The incident occurred in Karnataka."}], "question": "Did the incident occur in Odisha?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}], "justification": "While a person named Krishna Poojari did run six kilometers to report a cracked railway track, this happened in Karnataka, not Odisha. Also, it occurred in 2018, not in connection with any recent train collision.", "claim_text": "Krishna Poojari ran six kilometers to inform railway officials about a crack in railway track in Odisha before the collision. ", "claim_images": ["67ccd00b35531374f6d0bbf4#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "T Radhakrishnan Nambiar", "transcription": "Meet Krishna Poojari, A 53 Year old Labourer Ran for 6 Km to Inform the Officials about Crack In Railway Tracks. He had a Problem in his Leg But He did not Care. This helped them Saved the Train from Major Tragedy. He Deserves Huge Respect", "media_source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230609064032im_/https://newsmobile.in/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/1-10.png", "original_claim_url": "", "reporting_source": "Facebook", "claim_types": ["Causal Claim", "Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Media Source Discovery", "Keyword Search"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20241227024223/https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/oceangate-job-posting-submersible-crisis/", "date": "2023-06-22", "label": "Refuted", "location": "US", "questions": [{"input_images": ["67da990135531374f603914e#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "3rd August 2020", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20241227024223/https://web.archive.org/web/20200803114408/https://oceangate.com/about/career-opportunities/submersible-pilot.html", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "When was the new job listing initially published on the OceanGate website?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67da990135531374f603914e#INPUT#1#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "The last snapshot of OceanGate's website with the job listing was captured on June 22, 2023.", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20241227024223/https://oceangate.com/about/career-opportunities/submersible-pilot.html", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "When was the job listing last visible on the website?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}], "justification": "The claim suggests OceanGate posted a new job listing during the submersible crisis in June 2023, but the evidence shows the job listing was originally published on August 3, 2020, and was last visible on June 22, 2023. This does not confirm that it was newly posted during the crisis", "claim_text": "OceanGate posted a new job listing during a crisis in which one of its submersibles, carrying five people, went missing in June 2023 en route to the Titanic wreckage.", "claim_images": ["67da990135531374f603914e#CLAIM#0.jpg", "67da990135531374f603914e#CLAIM#1.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "snarkisms", "transcription": "OceanGate Submersible Pilot Marine Techni... oceangate.com OceanGate OceanGate Career Opportunity Submersible Pilot/Marine Technician The management of OceanGate, Inc. has an immediate opening for a Sub Pilot/Marine Technician to help manage and operate our fleet of manned submersibles and support vessels. We are looking for a committed and competent individual with combination of strong mechanical and interpersonal skills", "media_source": "https://preview.redd.it/they-literally-have-a-job-posting-as-their-ceo-and-v0-jjbx16f78i7b1.png?width=1440&format=png&auto=webp&s=3baf77ccab5429e0ab73a3bd75741dead4285427", "original_claim_url": "https://www.reddit.com/r/antiwork/comments/14fubtw/they_literally_have_a_job_posting_as_their_ceo/?rdt=64509", "reporting_source": "Reddit", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim", "Media Publishing Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Numerical Comparison"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Textual refuted"], "image_misuse_types": [], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240622152351/https://leadstories.com/hoax-alert/2023/06/fact-check-judge-aileen-cannon-not-photographed-in-full-maga-regalia-at-trump-campaign-rally.html", "date": "2023-06-09", "label": "Refuted", "location": "US", "questions": [{"input_images": ["67e2090d00d1951bc0e32110#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Abstractive", "answer_text": "An unidentified woman. Caption of photo with the woman says: \"People gather to hear former president Donald Trump speak as he endorses local candidates at the Mohegan Sun Arena on September 03, 2022 in Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania.\"", "source_url": "https://www.gettyimages.in/detail/news-photo/people-gather-to-hear-former-president-donald-trump-speak-news-photo/1420565886", "source_medium": "Image/graphic"}], "question": "Who is the person in the image?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67e2090d00d1951bc0e32110#INPUT#1#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Boolean", "answer_text": "No", "source_url": "https://www.gettyimages.in/detail/news-photo/people-gather-to-hear-former-president-donald-trump-speak-news-photo/1420565886", "source_medium": "Image/graphic", "boolean_explanation": "It is an image of an unidentified woman."}], "question": "Is the image of Judge Cannon in full MAGA Regalia at Trump Campaign Rally?\n\n\n\n", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "U.S. District Judge Aileen Cannon was assigned the case.", "source_url": "https://www.courthousenews.com/trump-legal-team-hemorrhages-as-friendly-judge-catches-his-florida-case/", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Who was assigned Trump's espionage case?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}], "justification": "The image does not show Judge Aileen Cannon in MAGA regalia at a Trump rally. Instead, it depicts an unidentified woman at a Trump event. While Cannon was assigned to Trump's espionage case, the claim about her presence at a rally in partisan attire is false.", "claim_text": "This is Judge Aileen Cannon who's been assigned to the Trump espionage case. I'm sure she'll be very impartial. There is an image of Judge Cannon in full MAGA Regalia at Trump Campaign Rally.", "claim_images": ["67e2090d00d1951bc0e32110#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "Captain Obvious", "transcription": "Team Trump", "media_source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240622152351im_/https://leadstories.com/assets_c/2023/06/maga%20rally%20woman-thumb-900x1998-3113359.png", "original_claim_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20230613134931/https://twitter.com/TheFungi669/status/1667273933937319937", "reporting_source": "Twitter", "claim_types": ["Position Statement", "Event/Property Claim", "Media Publishing Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Image Analysis"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20241204092206/https://factcheck.afp.com/doc.afp.com.33PQ27R", "date": "2023-07-14", "label": "Refuted", "location": "KR", "questions": [{"input_images": ["678dd9f1e2f02e5f49850001#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Abstractive", "answer_text": "The image was published by South Korean News1 on August 11, 2020", "source_url": "https://www.news1.kr/photos/4332259", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "What is the original source of the image?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["678dd9f1e2f02e5f49850001#INPUT#1#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "Reporter Park Se-yeon = On the afternoon of the 11th, a solar power plant in Daerang-dong, Jecheon-si, Chungcheongbuk-do collapsed due to a landslide caused by heavy rain. 2020.8.11/News 1", "source_url": "https://www.news1.kr/photos/4332259", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "How did News1 caption the image on August 11, 2020?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["678dd9f1e2f02e5f49850001#INPUT#2#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Boolean", "answer_text": "Yes", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230727075629/https://www.yna.co.kr/view/AKR20200811081700003", "source_medium": "Image/graphic", "boolean_explanation": "Yonhap News also published the image on August 11, 2020 with the caption \"Solar facility damaged by a landslide in Daerang-dong in North Chungcheong province's Jechon city on the afternoon of the 8th.\""}], "question": "Did other media outlets publish the image?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}], "justification": "Evidence shows these images were from August 2020 and had nothing to do  with the monsoon of 2023. The solar panels shown in CLAIM_IMG_1 were damaged due to a landslide from heavy rain in August 2020.", "claim_text": "Image shows solar panels damaged during the deadly monsoon rains that struck South Korea in July 2023.", "claim_images": ["678dd9f1e2f02e5f49850001#CLAIM#0.jpg", "678dd9f1e2f02e5f49850001#CLAIM#1.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": " \uac15\uc131\ud0dd", "transcription": "", "media_source": "", "original_claim_url": "https://archive.vn/tLczU#selection-406.0-427.3", "reporting_source": "Facebook", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Media Source Discovery", "Image Analysis", "Geolocation"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230731104309/https://factly.in/this-photo-depicting-the-day-and-night-regions-of-earth-is-a-digital-composite-not-real/", "date": "2023-07-17", "label": "Refuted", "location": "IN", "questions": [{"input_images": ["678ddd50e2f02e5f4985006c#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "The image was published by NASA on March 24, 2003", "source_url": "https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap030324.html", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "What is the original source of the image?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["678ddd50e2f02e5f4985006c#INPUT#1#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "NASA explained that no single spacecraft or astronaut took this picture. It is a digital composite of archived images taken by several Earth-orbiting satellites and ocean-faring ships. Similar images can be digitally stitched together for any Earth location. It is not a real photo.", "source_url": "https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap030324.html", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "How did NASA describe the image?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["678ddd50e2f02e5f4985006c#INPUT#2#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "The image was published by NASA on March 24, 2003, on their Astronomy Picture of the Day website.\n", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230731104309/https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap030324.html", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "What is the original source of the image?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}], "justification": "The image is not a real photograph capturing Earth's night and day at once. It is a digitally created composite using data from satellites and ships, as clarified by NASA.", "claim_text": "A rare photo depicting Earth\u2019s night and day regions at a time, over African and European continents. ", "claim_images": ["678ddd50e2f02e5f4985006c#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "The Youth", "transcription": "NOW YOU ARE SEEING A RARE PIC ON LEFT SIDE IT'S DAY AND ON RIGHT SIDE IT'S NIGHT.", "media_source": "", "original_claim_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230724125004/https://www.facebook.com/photo/?fbid=800864131439021&set=a.768978091294292", "reporting_source": "Facebook", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Reverse Image Search"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20241229000023/https://www.newsmobile.in/uncategorized/fact-check-does-this-post-show-actual-painting-by-raja-ravi-varma-heres-the-truth/", "date": "2023-07-11", "label": "Refuted", "location": "IN", "questions": [{"input_images": ["678de324e2f02e5f498501ee#INPUT#0#0.jpg", "678de324e2f02e5f498501ee#INPUT#0#1.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Boolean", "answer_text": "Yes", "source_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Mona_Lisa_detail_background_left.jpg", "source_medium": "Web text", "boolean_explanation": "The 1-th image is the famous Mona Lisa painting by Leonardo da Vinci."}], "question": "Were either of the images painted by Leonardo da Vinci?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["678de324e2f02e5f498501ee#INPUT#1#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Abstractive", "answer_text": "The image is shown on a Pinterest page with an Instagram link", "source_url": "https://in.pinterest.com/pin/862369028633998772/", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "What is the source of the 0-th image?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["678de324e2f02e5f498501ee#INPUT#2#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Boolean", "answer_text": "Yes", "source_url": "https://www.instagram.com/p/By-jPfcBkbz/?epik=dj0yJnU9ZWF1ekFWV3NJNDg3RUdEbzBTb0dpSjRnQVJFaGtjVkQmcD0wJm49Y1JGVEJtM0tybWw2RGg0cFJPbHE3dyZ0PUFBQUFBR2VONFJR&img_index=1", "source_medium": "Web text", "boolean_explanation": "The image appears on Instagram with a copyright watermark on the painting that says Sruvam Studios. The caption on the post reads, \"Raja Ravi Varma recreation series with @swati194 \ud83d\ude0d\n| wonderful captures by the team @sruvamstudios,\" indicating that the portrait is a recreated photograph and not the original portrait by Raja Ravi Varma."}], "question": "Does the 0-th image appear on Instagram?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["678de324e2f02e5f498501ee#INPUT#3#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "he photo was taken by Sruvam Studios, with actress Swathi Reddy as the subject, as part of a Raja Ravi Varma recreation series.", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20241229000023/https://www.facebook.com/permalink.php?story_fbid=2380527605517491&id=1438347506402177", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Who created the recreated photo of the portrait?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}], "justification": "CLAIM_IMG_1 shows the Mona Lisa painting by Leonardo da Vinci. CLAIM_IMG_0 shows a recreation of a painting by Raja Ravi Varma with actress Swathi Reddy as the subject. Since the painting is not a Raja Ravi Varma original painting, the claim is refuted.", "claim_text": "Two juxtaposed portraits depict and compare the work of Leonardo da Vinci and acclaimed Indian painter, Raja Ravi Varma", "claim_images": ["678de324e2f02e5f498501ee#CLAIM#0.jpg", "678de324e2f02e5f498501ee#CLAIM#1.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "Mahesha Lakkannavar", "transcription": "", "media_source": "", "original_claim_url": "https://www.facebook.com/mahesh.lakh/posts/pfbid0Tx6doFTJEPrijMe2tne2Mn8N7P2VpPRi5MEeRaKHeFAbFhFrmXbdn5MTrZ7s6rb6l", "reporting_source": "Facebook ", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Consultation", "Reverse Image Search", "Keyword Search"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230727133517/https://factcheck.afp.com/doc.afp.com.33PX9J6", "date": "2023-07-23", "label": "Refuted", "location": "KE", "questions": [{"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "The text, dated July 24, 2023, accompanying the image on Twitter warns, \"Avoid River road if you can,\" referring to a main thoroughfare running through Nairobi's city centre.", "source_url": "https://perma.cc/2GKP-42TR", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "What street does the image shown purport to show?", "answer_method": "Metadata", "question_type": ["Metadata-related"]}, {"input_images": ["678e564be2f02e5f498586fd#INPUT#1#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Abstractive", "answer_text": "The identical image also appears in a Tweet dated July 19, 2023 which describes a road collapse in Johannesburg, South Africa.", "source_url": "https://perma.cc/V98N-266K", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Are there other sources for the image?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Boolean", "answer_text": "Yes", "source_url": "https://archive.is/ngKw8", "source_medium": "Web text", "boolean_explanation": "The AFP covered the story with similar photos and the headline, \"One dead, 48 injured in unexplained Johannesburg blast\" on July 20, 2023."}], "question": "Is there confirmation of the road collapse in Johannesburg, South Africa on July 19, 2023?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}], "justification": "Evidence shows CLAIM_IMG_0 was in the news report of the road collapse in Johannesburg, South Africa on 19 July 2023 days before the damaged road story in Nairobi City appeared.", "claim_text": "Image shows a damaged road in Nairobi\u2019s city center, Kenya.", "claim_images": ["678e564be2f02e5f498586fd#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "@ThepemlinKee", "transcription": "", "media_source": "", "original_claim_url": "https://perma.cc/2GKP-42TR", "reporting_source": "Facebook", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Reverse Image Search", "Image Analysis", "Geolocation"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20241229002441/https://www.newsmobile.in/uncategorized/fact-check-old-picture-of-people-sitting-in-flooded-street-in-punjab-shared-as-recent-one-from-delhi/", "date": "2023-07-20", "label": "Refuted", "location": "IN", "questions": [{"input_images": ["678e6251e2f02e5f498597f6#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "The image first appeared in a Tweet dated July 18, 2016 ", "source_url": "https://x.com/meet_hayer/status/755046605615759360", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "When was the image first published?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["678e6251e2f02e5f498597f6#INPUT#1#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Abstractive", "answer_text": "The image indicates that the family is protesting against a sewage problem in Mansa District, Punjab.", "source_url": "https://x.com/meet_hayer/status/755046605615759360", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "What is the caption of the Tweet of the image dated July 18, 2016?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Abstractive", "answer_text": "A comment attached to the July 18, 2016 Tweet depicts a news story from Punjab Kesri about the sewage problems in Punjab and contains the identical image.", "source_url": "https://x.com/meet_hayer/status/755046605615759360", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Is there evidence of a sewage problem in Mansa District, Punjab in July, 2016?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}], "justification": "Evidence supports the sewage problem in Punjab tweeted in July 2016, 7 years before the CLAIM_IMG_0 was used depicting a family seated in a flooded street in Delhi, India.", "claim_text": "A 2023 photograph shows a family seated in a flooded street in Delhi, India", "claim_images": ["678e6251e2f02e5f498597f6#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "", "transcription": "", "media_source": "", "original_claim_url": "", "reporting_source": "Facebook ", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Reverse Image Search"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240615003444/https://factly.in/this-image-of-sandals-featuring-lord-ganesha-is-old-they-were-withdrawn-from-the-market-20-years-ago/", "date": "2023-06-12", "label": "Refuted", "location": "IN", "questions": [{"input_images": ["67a516aae2f02e5f4998c22b#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "The sandals were marketed by American Eagle Outfitters and a petition was made for their removal for sale.", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230117022809/https://www.change.org/p/american-eagle-outfitters-recall-immediately-all-sandals-printed-with-hindu-god-lord-ganesha", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "What is the origin of the sandals?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "Shortly after the successful petition and protest in front of several retail stores, on April 29, 2003 Vice President and General Counsel, Neil Bulman, issued a public apology and the sandals were withdrawn from the market.", "source_url": "https://drive.google.com/file/d/14AZBYRszSIgAslHHvcC3YxNeGQLOfx4J/view", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "How did American Eagle Outfitters respond to the petition and public outcry?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}], "justification": "CLAIM_IMG_0 is an image  of footwear which was boycotted in April 2003. Nidan International Journal for the Study of Hinduism\nVolume 23 December 2011documented the American Eagle footwear case and states,\nIn April 2003 the popular teen and young adult clothing company, American\nEagle Outfitters (AEO), introduced flip-flops with the image of Ganesha in its summer line. Shortly after a \nsuccessful petition and a protest in front of several retail stores, on April 29, 2003, American Eagle\nOutfitters removed from its stores the flip-flop shoe that included a\nlikeness of Lord Ganesh (Ganesha).", "claim_text": "A photo shows footwear that needs to be boycotted in 2023 because it depicts Lord Ganesha on them", "claim_images": ["67a516aae2f02e5f4998c22b#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "", "transcription": "\u092f\u0947 \u092b\u093c\u094b\u091f\u094b \u0907\u0924\u0928\u093e \u092b\u0948\u0932\u093e\u0935\u094b \u0915\u0940 \u092f\u0947 \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u091c\u094b \u0915\u0902\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u0928\u0947 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0908 \u0939\u0948 \u0935\u094b \u0915\u0902\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u092c\u0902\u0926 \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u092f\u0947.. \u0939\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0926\u0942 \u0939\u094b \u0924\u094b \u0907\u0924\u0928\u093e \u0924\u094b \u0915\u0930 \u0939\u0940 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u094b \u0964( Spread this photo so much that the company that has made this design gets shut down. If you are a Hindu, you can do this much.)", "media_source": "", "original_claim_url": "", "reporting_source": "", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Reverse Image Search"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230622104338/https://factly.in/the-journalist-sitting-with-dawood-ibrahim-in-this-photo-is-not-supriya-shrinate/", "date": "2023-06-18", "label": "Refuted", "location": "IN", "questions": [{"input_images": ["67a517dae2f02e5f4998c6ab#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "June 14, 2023 on Twitter by Sheela Bhatt", "source_url": "https://x.com/sheela2010/status/1669048134146850848", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "When was the image originally published?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67a517dae2f02e5f4998c6ab#INPUT#1#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "The photo shows Sheela Bhatt interviewing Dawood Ibrahim in the Pearl Building, Dubai. 1987.", "source_url": "https://x.com/sheela2010/status/1669048134146850848", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "What is the context of the image?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}], "justification": "The female journalist in the CLAIM_IMG-0 is Sheela Bhatt. The caption in the image states Interviewing Dawood Ibrahim in Pearl Building, Dubai. 1987. Sheela Bhatt posted this photo on her Twitter account on 14 Jun 2023.\n", "claim_text": "Female journalist in the photo with Dawood Ibrahim is Supriya Shrinate. ", "claim_images": ["67a517dae2f02e5f4998c6ab#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "Satyanarayan Thakur", "transcription": "", "media_source": "https://scontent-lga3-1.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t39.30808-6/354214282_6200688110050910_3069011569733862371_n.jpg?_nc_cat=102&ccb=1-7&_nc_sid=127cfc&_nc_ohc=UIw90IO54PIQ7kNvgFHTuNq&_nc_zt=23&_nc_ht=scontent-lga3-1.xx&_nc_gid=AOmdELrey6956XNpzFjKE7A&oh=00_AYCLXo1XRPv0yhgD3MrNimazbjcM9f12_0rupZbrY6NXoA&oe=678672EF", "original_claim_url": "https://www.facebook.com/photo/?fbid=6200688116717576&set=a.1068509626602143", "reporting_source": "Facebook", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Numerical Comparison", "Reverse Image Search"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230609121929/https://newsmobile.in/articles/2023/06/08/fact-check-2020-illustration-of-electrical-storms-on-jupiter-viral-with-false-claims/", "date": "2023-06-01", "label": "Refuted", "location": "US", "questions": [{"input_images": ["67a51f83e2f02e5f4998d726#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "It is a NASA illustration dated August 5, 2020", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230707054510/https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/images/pia23983-shallow-lightning-on-jupiter-illustration", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "From what source did the image originate?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67a51f83e2f02e5f4998d726#INPUT#1#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "This illustration uses data obtained by NASA's Juno mission to depict high-altitude electrical storms on Jupiter. Juno's sensitive Stellar Reference Unit camera detected unusual lightning flashes on Jupiter's dark side during the spacecraft's close flybys of the planet.", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230707054510/https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/images/pia23983-shallow-lightning-on-jupiter-illustration", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "What does the NASA illustration depict?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "December 25, 2021", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230605044814/https://webb.nasa.gov/content/about/launch.html", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "When was the James Webb telescope launched?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67a51f83e2f02e5f4998d726#INPUT#3#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "No, the image is an illustration created in 2020 using data from NASA\u2019s Juno mission, not a photograph taken by the James Webb Telescope.  ", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230609121929/https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/images/pia23983-shallow-lightning-on-jupiter-illustration", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Did the James Webb Telescope capture an image of a thunderstorm on Jupiter?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67a51f83e2f02e5f4998d726#INPUT#4#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "The image was published by NASA in August 2020 as an artistic representation of electrical storms on Jupiter, based on Juno mission data.", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230609121929/https://webb.nasa.gov/content/about/launch.html", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Where did the viral image originate from?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}], "justification": "The image was not captured by a telescope, it is an artistic representation created by NASA in 2020. The illustration does depict electrical storms on Jupiter, but was created using data obtained by NASA's Juno mission using Juno's sensitive Stellar Reference Unit camera for information, not the James Webb telescope.", "claim_text": "The image depicts electrical storms on Jupiter captured by the James Webb telescope.", "claim_images": ["67a51f83e2f02e5f4998d726#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "Mo Jo RiSin", "transcription": "", "media_source": "", "original_claim_url": "", "reporting_source": "Facebook", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Numerical Comparison", "Reverse Image Search"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240911204731/https://factly.in/a-photo-of-gehna-vasisths-wedding-is-falsely-shared-as-bageshwar-dham-dhirendra-shastris-sister/", "date": "2023-06-25", "label": "Refuted", "location": "IN", "questions": [{"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "Rita Garg who is already married to a Hindu named Kamlesh Chauraha", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230630063355/https://www-bbc-com.translate.goog/hindi/india-64384602?_x_tr_sl=hi&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en&_x_tr_pto=sc", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "What is Bageshwar Dham Dhirendra Shastri's sister's name?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67a56aa9e2f02e5f499907d1#INPUT#1#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Boolean", "answer_text": "No", "source_url": "https://www.thestatesman.com/entertainment/gandi-baat-actress-gehna-vasisth-marries-boyfriend-faizan-converts-to-islam-no-its-not-love-jihad-1503188977.html", "source_medium": "Web text", "boolean_explanation": "She is actress Gehna Vasisth who married her boyfriend Faizan and converted to Islam    "}], "question": "Is the woman in the image Rita Garg, the sister of Bageshwar Dham Dhirendra Shastri?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}], "justification": "Per BBC News Bageshwar Dham Dhirendra Shastri's sister is named Rita Garg and she is married. As reported in The Statesman news article of 10 Jun 2023, the people in CLAIM_IMG_0 are Indian actress and television presenter Vandana Tiwari, popularly known as Gehana Vasisth and her now husband Faizan Ansari. Gehana has embraced Islam and converted to the religion, solidifying her commitment to Faizan as her husband.", "claim_text": "Vandana Tiwari, sister of Bageshwar Dham Dhirendra Shastri, is marrying a Muslim man.", "claim_images": ["67a56aa9e2f02e5f499907d1#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "\u0915\u0941\u0902 \u0930\u0942\u092a\u0938\u093f\u0902\u0939 \u0932\u094b\u0927\u0940 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u092a\u0942\u0924", "transcription": "", "media_source": "https://scontent-lga3-2.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t39.30808-6/355854673_581778244107804_2165569967015097853_n.jpg?_nc_cat=101&ccb=1-7&_nc_sid=833d8c&_nc_ohc=-PbjhvZvK-MQ7kNvgG3nsGy&_nc_zt=23&_nc_ht=scontent-lga3-2.xx&_nc_gid=A5-Z4E3K5OYHlm2QjAYZY97&oh=00_AYAguVtuwTMbFGOqOTJ8WyjGJ4TkSGhKcuMJpStucAmokQ&oe=678766DB", "original_claim_url": "https://www.facebook.com/photo?fbid=581778247441137&set=a.109272104691756", "reporting_source": "Facebook", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Reverse Image Search", "Fact-checker Reference"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240907050346/https://www.altnews.in/mannequin-carried-on-bike-image-from-cairo-viral-with-communal-spin-in-india/", "date": "2023-06-01", "label": "Refuted", "location": "IN", "questions": [{"input_images": ["67a57451e2f02e5f49991d9f#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": " It is a mannequin used to display ready-made clothes in shops.", "source_url": "https://www.cairo24.com/1807133", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "What are the circumstances of the image showing a limb sticking out from the back of a motorcycle?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Boolean", "answer_text": "Yes", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240628001547/https://www.cairo24.com/1808595", "source_medium": "Web text", "boolean_explanation": "The owner of a ready-made clothing store requested a transportation company to deliver the mannequin from his store to the Maadi area in Cairo"}], "question": "Was there further confirmation of the context for transporting the mannequin?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}], "justification": "As reported in Cairo 24, on 28 Jun 2024, the Minister of Interior security services has stated that CLAIM_IMG_0 is a picture of a mannequin being carried on a motorcycle. The owner of a ready-made clothing store requested a transportation company to deliver the mannequin from his store to the Maadi area in Cairo. The owner of the motorcycle  went to the shop took the mannequin, disassembled it, and put it in a bag so he could transport it on the motorcycle. The foot was visible from it. The shop owner posted a comment on the shop\u2019s Facebook page after the photo was circulated on some satirical page.\n\n", "claim_text": "Muslim man who killed his Hindu spouse carrying the corpse on motorcycle. ", "claim_images": ["67a57451e2f02e5f49991d9f#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "@arpispeaks", "transcription": "", "media_source": "", "original_claim_url": "", "reporting_source": "Twitter", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Consultation", "Media Source Discovery", "Reverse Image Search"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240301163252/https://factly.in/an-unrelated-photo-is-being-shared-as-a-three-story-bus-ordered-to-be-used-in-ayodhya-darshan/", "date": "2023-06-02", "label": "Refuted", "location": "IN", "questions": [{"input_images": ["67a587f1e2f02e5f499934e5#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "June 22, 2023 on Facebook by Inspiring Designs", "source_url": "https://www.facebook.com/photo?fbid=191977947169269&set=a.101709286196136", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "When was the image originally published?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67a587f1e2f02e5f499934e5#INPUT#1#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Boolean", "answer_text": "No", "source_url": "https://inspiringdesigns.net/about-us/", "source_medium": "Web text", "boolean_explanation": "The link on Inspiring Designs' Facebook page leads to a page that explains that the bus and other designs on their page are only digital inspirations."}], "question": "Is the image of a real bus created by Inspiring Designs?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}], "justification": "CLAIM_IMG_0 was shown on the Inspiring Designs Facebook page on 22 Jun 2023. The post on Facebook has a link to inspiringdesigns.net which explains the photo is an inspiration of what a semi-truck conversion could look like and gives step by step instructions on how to achieve this transformation.", "claim_text": "Photo of a three-story caravan made in Chennai to transport devotees from Ayodhya Airport to Ram Mandir", "claim_images": ["67a587f1e2f02e5f499934e5#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "", "transcription": "\u0905\u092f\u094b\u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0930\u093e\u092e \u091c\u0928\u094d\u092e\u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f \u0915\u093e \u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u092f\u0947 \u0905\u092f\u094b\u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e \u090f\u092f\u0930\u092a\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091f \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u0928\u094d\u092e\u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f \u0924\u0915 \u0924\u0948\u092f\u093e\u0930 \u092f\u0947 3 \u092e\u0902\u091c\u093f\u0932\u093e \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923\u0924\u092f\u093e \u090f\u092f\u0930\u0915\u0902\u0921\u0940\u0936\u0928\u0930 5 \u0938\u094d\u091f\u093e\u0930 \u091a\u0947\u0928\u094d\u0928\u0908 \u0938\u0947 \u0924\u0948\u092f\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0908 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u0949\u092b\u094d\u091f \u092c\u0938 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0939\u0940 \u0926\u093f\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u092f\u094b\u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0927\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0940 \u0927\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u092a\u0930 \u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u092f\u0947", "media_source": "", "original_claim_url": "", "reporting_source": "Facebook", "claim_types": ["Event/Property Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Reverse Image Search", "Image Analysis"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230617035950/https://fullfact.org/online/missing-man-hoax-Mr-Jones/", "date": "2023-06-15", "label": "Refuted", "location": "GB", "questions": [{"input_images": ["67d029dc35531374f6d9597b#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "The image was originally published in a community Facebook group in Tulsa, Oklahoma, with the original post thanking a local volunteer. ", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230317190926/https://fullfact.org/online/missing-uncle-martin-jones-facebook-hoax/", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Where was this image originally published?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Abstractive", "answer_text": "In the United States", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230609114809/https://www.chp.ca.gov/news-alerts/silver-alert#:~:text=A%20Silver%20Alert%20is%20activated,risk%20persons%20meeting%20the%20criteria.", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Where are \"Silver Alerts\" activated?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}], "justification": "The image is actually from a community group in Tulsa, Oklahoma, not Scunthorpe, UK. This means the claim about \"Mr. Jones\" being missing in the UK is false.", "claim_text": "Image shows a man called Mr Jones who is 81, has dementia and has gone missing with his dog in Scunthorpe, UK.", "claim_images": ["67d029dc35531374f6d9597b#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "Jenifer Jackson", "transcription": "", "media_source": "https://scontent-man2-1.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t39.30808-6/468668167_452333594555452_5897047224963920886_n.jpg?stp=dst-jpg_p526x296_tt6&_nc_cat=109&ccb=1-7&_nc_sid=aa7b47&_nc_ohc=wkRym9I-bIEQ7kNvgFsGa8E&_nc_zt=23&_nc_ht=scontent-man2-1.xx&_nc_gid=AKYwggUfKL6Urz3Tp-NbDuM&oh=00_AYAYCgI1KyuQAjZ5l8l9effESoBgBJFURafOvFbM1JvxQQ&oe=67956C3B", "original_claim_url": "https://www.facebook.com/groups/438716996514412/posts/1946782919041138/", "reporting_source": "Facebook", "claim_types": ["Media Analysis Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Reverse Image Search", "Image Analysis", "Fact-checker Reference"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230926030758/https://checkyourfact.com/2023/06/19/fact-check-image-ukrainian-artificial-intelligence/", "date": "2023-06-11", "label": "Refuted", "location": "UA", "questions": [{"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Boolean", "answer_text": "Yes", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230908214943/https://www.cnn.com/2023/06/12/europe/ukraine-offensive-battlefield-losses-progress-intl-hnk-ml/index.html", "source_medium": "Web text", "boolean_explanation": "CNN cited Oryx, a military analysis website that tracks equipment losses in the Russian invasion of Ukraine by using visual evidence, to show that Ukraine lost equipment."}], "question": "Is there evidence that the losses are real?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Boolean", "answer_text": "Yes", "source_url": "https://x.com/aloha9916/status/1668013032419610624?t=2PbapG3cFx2MPESAEhPwuw&s=19", "source_medium": "Image/graphic", "boolean_explanation": "Images from other angles depict the losses."}], "question": "Does other evidence exist that the losses are real?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}], "justification": "There is visual evidence from multiple sources confirming the losses are real, not AI-generated.", "claim_text": " Image Showing Ukrainian Losses Is Generated By Artificial Intelligence", "claim_images": ["67d02c6a35531374f6d96292#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "@AleksandrX13", "transcription": "", "media_source": "https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FyZ-yoxWwAA_3Pd?format=jpg&name=small", "original_claim_url": "https://x.com/AleksandrX13/status/1668160218847494144", "reporting_source": "X ", "claim_types": ["Media Analysis Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Image Analysis"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240522074225/https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/epstein-kaczynski-summer-camp-photo/", "date": "2023-06-09", "label": "Refuted", "location": "US", "questions": [{"input_images": ["67d031cf35531374f6d97975#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Boolean", "answer_text": "Yes", "source_url": "https://archive.ph/8u0VO", "source_medium": "Web text", "boolean_explanation": "Katharine Laidlaw, Interlochen\u2019s vice president of strategic communications and engagement, told The Daily Beast he attended Interlochen\u2019s \u201cNational Music Camp\u201d in 1967. He is pictured in the top row on the end of the left side of the picture."}], "question": "Did Jeffrey Epstein attend the Interlochen Arts Camp in 1967?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67d031cf35531374f6d97975#INPUT#1#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Abstractive", "answer_text": "Epstein was born in 1953, so he would have been 14 in the photo.", "source_url": "https://www.facebook.com/ABC7NY/posts/when-jeffrey-epstein-was-born-in-january-1953-to-working-class-parents-living-in/10156908593359091/", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "How old was Jeffrey Epstein in the photo?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Abstractive", "answer_text": "Kaczynski was born in 1942 and would have been 25-years-old in 1967.", "source_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ted_Kaczynski", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "How old was Ted Kaczynski in 1967?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "He was enrolled at the University of Michigan.", "source_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ted_Kaczynski", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Where was Kaczynski in 1967?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}], "justification": "Epstein attended Interlochen in 1967, but Kaczynski was at the University of Michigan, making it unlikely they were at the same camp.", "claim_text": "Image shows Jeffrey Epstein and Ted Kaczynski attending the same summer camp in 1967.", "claim_images": ["67d031cf35531374f6d97975#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "@LandmineSniffer", "transcription": "", "media_source": "https://archive.ph/YSbpN/46fd4c9e7c5006b36b84e6082954901001a1f311.jpg", "original_claim_url": "https://archive.ph/YSbpN#selection-767.0-767.16", "reporting_source": "X ", "claim_types": ["Media Analysis Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Keyword Search", "Image Analysis"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240224223246/https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/harvard-employee-pic-body-parts-trafficking/", "date": "2023-06-18", "label": "Refuted", "location": "US", "questions": [{"input_images": ["67d0335135531374f6d985a3#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "Jeremy Pauley who pleaded gulity to two criminal counts related to the Harvard morgue case", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230624131011/https://local21news.com/news/local/plea-deal-jeremy-pauley-middle-district-of-pennsylvania-stolen-human-remains-arkansas-mortuary-harvard-medical-school-multiple-indictments-june-15-2023", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Who is the person depicted in the image?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Boolean", "answer_text": "No", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230725042802/https://www.cbsnews.com/boston/news/i-team-theft-bodies-harvard-concerns-organ-donation/", "source_medium": "Web text", "boolean_explanation": "The person charged in connected with the case who was the manager of the Harvard morgue was named Cedric Lodge."}], "question": "Was Jeremy Pauley an employee of the Harvard morgue?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}], "justification": "The claim gets it wrong. The person in the image, Jeremy Pauley, was involved in the case but wasn\u2019t a Harvard morgue employee. That was Cedric Lodge.", "claim_text": "Image shows Harvard Morgue Employee Charged with Trafficking Body Parts", "claim_images": ["67d0335135531374f6d985a3#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "@rap", "transcription": "", "media_source": "https://archive.ph/8d1YF/209f2145b8bbcc3987f3f69dd9cd48123aebf037.jpg", "original_claim_url": "https://archive.ph/8d1YF", "reporting_source": "Twitter", "claim_types": ["Media Analysis Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230701203227/https://fullfact.org/online/missing-man-simon-hendricks-silver-alert/", "date": "2023-06-18", "label": "Refuted", "location": "GB", "questions": [{"input_images": ["67d08d1235531374f6da8a47#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "Jim Berns of Cincinnati, Ohio", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230709162326/https://youarecurrent.com/2014/01/18/pet-detective-works-hard-to-sniff-out-carmels-lost-pals/", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "Who is the man in the image?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "Jim Berns uses his team of dogs to help find lost pets.", "source_url": "https://www.facebook.com/PetSearchAndRescue/photos/a.149258598493465/2198148526937785", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "What does Jim Berns of Cinicinnati, Ohio do for a living?", "answer_method": "Text-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}], "justification": "The man in the image is not Simon Hendricks but Jim Berns from Cincinnati, Ohio. 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This directly contradicts the claim", "claim_text": "Image shows the body of a Hindu girl who was found dismembered in a suitcase after being killed by a Muslim man.", "claim_images": ["67d08e8435531374f6da9388#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "@shibbu87", "transcription": "", "media_source": "https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FxnSo7OaAAEUJEA?format=jpg&name=900x900", "original_claim_url": "https://x.com/shibbu87/status/1664593622396985344", "reporting_source": "X ", "claim_types": ["Media Analysis Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Keyword Search"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240610042208/https://www.boomlive.in/fact-check/viral-photo-mosque-train-accident-odisha-iskcon-false-communal-spin-22156", "date": "2023-06-02", "label": "Refuted", "location": "IN", "questions": [{"input_images": ["67d0924d35531374f6daa1f1#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Boolean", "answer_text": "Yes", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230603160659/https://www.reuters.com/world/india/deadly-indian-rail-crash-shifts-focus-new-trains-safety-2023-06-03/", "source_medium": "Web text", "boolean_explanation": "News coverage by Reuters shows the structure in its entirety."}], "question": "Can the structure near the crash be seen in media coverage?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": [], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Boolean", "answer_text": "Yes", "source_url": "https://www.google.com/maps/contrib/109084310679435731020/place/ChIJNb6t9LNlHDoR8fy1_EAAOp0/@21.3382653,86.7632684,17z/data=!3m1!4b1?entry=ttu&g_ep=EgoyMDI1MDMwNC4wIKXMDSoASAFQAw%3D%3D", "source_medium": "Image/graphic", "boolean_explanation": "Google Maps identifies the structure as an ISKCON temple, which is a Hindu temple."}], "question": "Does Google maps show and identify the structure?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Text-related"]}], "justification": "The claim states a mosque is near the train accident site, but Google Maps identifies the structure as an ISKCON temple, which is a Hindu temple. 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This directly contradicts the claim.", "claim_text": "Images show Anti-Modi posters in the US amid his visit there.", "claim_images": ["67d09dbe35531374f6dadaf8#CLAIM#0.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "@abdquddus117", "transcription": "Mr. N Modi We only rob bank you rob the whole nation", "media_source": "https://archive.ph/zbxMq/81e5878e3269bceb520ae3b6aabe3f7dcfa97d93.jpg", "original_claim_url": "https://archive.ph/zbxMq", "reporting_source": "X ", "claim_types": ["Media Analysis Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Keyword Search"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240420080254/https://leadstories.com/hoax-alert/2023/06/fact-check-images-of-military-equipment-in-us-canadian-cities-do-not-show-deployment-underway.html", "date": "2023-06-16", "label": "Refuted", "location": "US", "questions": [{"input_images": ["67d0a15035531374f6dae467#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "In the Air National Guard, you will attend drill weekend\nonce a month and active duty training 15 days each\nyear.", "source_url": "https://www.133aw.ang.af.mil/Portals/31/3_%20Initial%20Interest%20Packet.pdf?ver=IWhwut7w9u8iyqd6hL0aLA%3D%3D", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "How often does the Air National Guard drill?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67d0a15035531374f6dae467#INPUT#1#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "National Guard soldiers participate in monthly drills to maintain their readiness and proficiency in various skills.", "source_url": "https://www.quora.com/What-do-national-guard-soldiers-do-during-their-monthly-drill", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": "How often does the Army National Guard drill?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}, {"input_images": ["67d0a15035531374f6dae467#INPUT#2#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Boolean", "answer_text": "Yes", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20231211035334/https://www.canada.ca/en/army/services/exercises-and-operations/military-exercises/exercise-maple-resolve.html", "source_medium": "Web text", "boolean_explanation": "Canadian Armed Forces and partner military personnel take part in exercises each spring."}], "question": "Do Canadian Armed Forces participate in training sessions?", "answer_method": "Image-search", "question_type": ["Image-related"]}], "justification": "The answers indicate that the military activity described is routine training, not an actual deployment of tanks and troops inside the U.S. and Canada for any unusual or emergency purpose. This contradicts the claim.", "claim_text": "Images show Tanks & Troops  deploying inside USA & Canada", "claim_images": ["67d0a15035531374f6dae467#CLAIM#0.jpg", "67d0a15035531374f6dae467#CLAIM#1.jpg", "67d0a15035531374f6dae467#CLAIM#2.jpg"], "metadata": {"speaker": "Hal Turner", "transcription": "", "media_source": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230618011405im_/https://halturnerradioshow.com/images/2023/06/17/Tank-Train-Montreal-06-17-2023_large.jpg,https://web.archive.org/web/20230618011405im_/https://halturnerradioshow.com/images/2023/06/17/MilitaryConvoyOnFreeway-in-LA-CA.jpg,,https://web.archive.org/web/20230618011405im_/https://halturnerradioshow.com/images/2023/06/17/MilitaryConvoyOnFreeway-in-LA-CA.jpg", "original_claim_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230617224616/https://halturnerradioshow.com/index.php/en/news-page/world/tanks-troops-deploying-inside-u-s-a-and-canada", "reporting_source": "halturnerradioshow.com", "claim_types": ["Media Analysis Claim"], "fact_checking_strategies": ["Written Evidence", "Consultation", "Video Analysis"], "modality": "Image-text", "refuting_reasons": ["Misuse of images"], "image_misuse_types": ["Out-of-context"], "image_used": "Yes"}}, {"article": "https://web.archive.org/web/20250407193937/https://www.verifythis.com/article/news/verify/science-verify/firework-hand-injury-x-rays-independence-day-july-fourth/536-59ef279c-7a5f-47f3-8d15-0d95ad1e673d", "date": "2023-07-03", "label": "Supported", "location": "RU", "questions": [{"input_images": ["67f7dce41c10ad2b6113c017#INPUT#0#0.jpg"], "answers": [{"answer_type": "Extractive", "answer_text": "The image was shared by the Burleson Police Department in Texas, highlighting the danger of firework-related injuries.", "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20250407193937/https://rutube.ru/video/50c00fb3933401007e6ab5d8577d0e2c/", "source_medium": "Web text"}], "question": " Where did the viral firework injury x-ray image originate?  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