prompt,response
Interactively create a new stack configuration:,apx stacks new
Interactively update a stack configuration:,apx stacks update {{name}}
List all available stack configurations:,apx stacks list
Remove a specified stack configuration:,apx stacks rm --name {{string}}
Import a stack configuration:,apx stacks import --input {{path/to/stack.yml}}
"Export the stack configuration (Note: The output flag is optional, it is exported to the current working directory by default):",apx stacks export --name {{string}} --output {{path/to/output_file}}
List all available wireless interfaces:,iwinfo
Display detailed information on a specific wireless interface:,iwinfo {{interface}} info
Scan for nearby wireless networks visible to the interface:,iwinfo {{interface}} scan
List connected devices:,iwinfo {{interface}} assoclist
List channels supported by the interface:,iwinfo {{interface}} freqlist
List available transmit power levels for the interface:,iwinfo {{interface}} txpowerlist
Display help:,iwinfo h
List available news items with their numbers (all by default):,eselect news list {{all|new}}
Print the specified news items:,eselect news read {{number1 number2 ...}}
Print all unread news items:,eselect news read
Mark the specified news items as unread:,eselect news unread {{number1 number2 ...}}
Delete all read news items:,eselect news purge
Print the number of available news items (new by default):,eselect news count {{all|new}}
Print all information about a specific serial device:,setserial -a {{/dev/cuaN}}
Print the configuration summary of a specific serial device (useful for printing during bootup process):,setserial -b {{device}}
Set a specific configuration parameter to a device:,sudo setserial {{device}} {{parameter}}
Print the configuration of a list of devices:,setserial -g {{device1 device2 ...}}
Generate an initramfs with the features specified in `/etc/mkinitfs/mkinitfs.conf`:,mkinitfs
Use a different configuration file:,mkinitfs -c {{path/to/config}}
Compress the initramfs using the specified compression algorithm (default: gzip):,mkinitfs -C {{gzip|xz|zstd|lz4|none}}
List files that will be included in the initramfs image:,mkinitfs -l
List all available features:,mkinitfs -L
Split a `.wav` + `.cue` file into multiple files:,shnsplit -f {{path/to/file.cue}} {{path/to/file.wav}}
Show supported formats:,shnsplit -a
Split a `.flac` file into multiple files:,shnsplit -f {{path/to/file.cue}} -o flac {{path/to/file.flac}}
"Split a `.wav` file into files of the form ""track-number - album - title"":","shnsplit -f {{path/to/file.cue}} {{path/to/file.wav}} -t ""%n - %a - %t"""
Open a text file:,kwrite {{path/to/file}}
Open multiple text files:,kwrite {{file1 file2 ...}}
Open a text file with a specific encoding:,kwrite --encoding {{UTF-8}} {{path/to/file}}
Open a text file and navigate to a specific line and column:,kwrite --line {{line_number}} --column {{column_number}} {{path/to/file}}
Load a specific keyboard layout for the current console:,sudo loadkeys {{en|de|fi|dvorak|...}}
Load a default keymap:,sudo loadkeys {{[-d|--default]}}
Create a kernel source table:,loadkeys {{[-m|--mktable]}}
Create a binary keymap:,loadkeys {{[-b|--bkeymap]}}
Search and parse keymap without action:,loadkeys {{[-p|--parse]}}
Load the keymap suppressing all output:,loadkeys {{[-q|--quiet]}}
Set a keymap for a specific console:,sudo loadkeys {{[-C|--console]}} {{/dev/ttyN}} {{uk}}
Load a keymap from the specified file for the console:,loadkeys {{[-C|--console]}} {{/dev/ttyN}} {{/path/to/file}}
Log in to a remote host:,rlogin {{remote_host}}
Log in to a remote host with a specific username:,rlogin {{[-l|--user]}} {{username}} {{remote_host}}
"Output a summary of the last 2: months, days, and all-time:",vnstati --summary --iface {{network_interface}} --output {{path/to/output.png}}
Output the 10 most traffic-intensive days of all time:,vnstati --top 10 --iface {{network_interface}} --output {{path/to/output.png}}
Output monthly traffic statistics from the last 12 months:,vnstati --months --iface {{network_interface}} --output {{path/to/output.png}}
Output hourly traffic statistics from the last 24 hours:,vnstati --hours --iface {{network_interface}} --output {{path/to/output.png}}
Display DIMM information:,decode-dimms
Display help:,decode-dimms {{[-h|--help]}}
Display all devices detected by fwupd:,fwupdmgr get-devices
Download the latest firmware metadata from LVFS:,fwupdmgr refresh
List the updates available for devices on your system:,fwupdmgr get-updates
Install firmware updates:,fwupdmgr update
Set the screen temperature to 3000K:,gummy --temperature {{3000}}
Set the screen backlight to 50%:,gummy --backlight {{50}}
Set the screen pixel brightness to 45%:,gummy --brightness {{45}}
Increase current screen pixel brightness by 10%:,gummy --brightness {{+10}}
Decrease current screen pixel brightness by 10%:,gummy --brightness {{-10}}
Set the temperature and pixel brightness for the second screen:,gummy --screen {{1}} --temperature {{3800}} --brightness {{65}}
Add a new client device:,sudo pivpn add
List all client devices:,sudo pivpn list
List currently connected devices and their statistics:,sudo pivpn clients
Revoke a previously authenticated device:,sudo pivpn revoke
Uninstall PiVPN:,sudo pivpn uninstall
Authenticate `pkgctl` with the GitLab instance:,pkgctl auth login
View authentication status:,pkgctl auth status
Reset a virtual machine:,qm reset {{vm_id}}
Reset a virtual machine and skip lock (only root can use this option):,qm reset --skiplock {{true}} {{vm_id}}
Display a report for one or more files:,filefrag {{path/to/file1 path/to/file2 ...}}
Display a report using a 1024 byte blocksize:,filefrag -k {{path/to/file}}
Display a report using a certain blocksize:,filefrag -b{{1024|1K|1M|1G|...}} {{path/to/file}}
Sync the file before requesting the mapping:,filefrag -s {{path/to/file1 path/to/file2 ...}}
Display mapping of extended attributes:,filefrag -x {{path/to/file1 path/to/file2 ...}}
Display a report with verbose information:,filefrag -v {{path/to/file1 path/to/file2 ...}}
Show information about all active IPC facilities:,lsipc
"Show information about active shared [m]emory segments, message [q]ueues or [s]empahore sets:",lsipc {{--shmems|--queues|--semaphores}}
Show full details on the resource with a specific ID:,lsipc {{--shmems|--queues|--semaphores}} {{[-i|--id]}} {{resource_id}}
Print the given output columns (see all supported columns with `--help`):,"lsipc {{[-o|--output]}} {{KEY,ID,PERMS,SEND,STATUS,NSEMS,RESOURCE,...}}"
"Use [r]aw, [J]SON, [l]ist or [e]xport (key=""value"") format:",lsipc {{--raw|--json|--list|--export}}
Don't truncate the output:,lsipc --notruncate
Connect to the Tor network:,tor
View Tor configuration:,tor --config
Check Tor status:,tor --status
Run as client only:,tor --client
Run as relay:,tor --relay
Run as bridge:,tor --bridge
Run as a hidden service:,tor --hidden-service
Start tracing a specific process by its PID:,strace {{[-p|--attach]}} {{pid}}
Trace a process and filter output by system call [e]xpression:,"strace {{[-p|--attach]}} {{pid}} -e {{system_call,system_call2,...}}"
"Count time, calls, and errors for each system call and report a summary on program exit:",strace {{[-p|--attach]}} {{pid}} {{[-c|--summary-only]}}
Show the time spent in every system call and specify the maximum string size to print:,strace {{[-p|--attach]}} {{pid}} {{[-T|--syscall-times]}} {{[-s|--string-limit]}} {{32}}
Start tracing a program by executing it:,strace {{program}}
Start tracing file operations of a program:,strace -e trace=file {{program}}
"Start tracing network operations of a program as well as all its forked and child processes, saving the output to a file:",strace {{[-f|--follow-forks]}} -e trace=network {{[-o|--output]}} {{trace.txt}} {{program}}
"Record the screen and write the recording to a file (by default, `byzanz-record` will only record for 10 seconds):",byzanz-record {{path/to/file.[byzanz|flv|gif|ogg|ogv|webm]}}
Show information while and after recording:,byzanz-record --verbose {{path/to/file.[byzanz|flv|gif|ogg|ogv|webm]}}
Record the screen for a minute:,byzanz-record --duration 60 {{path/to/file.[byzanz|flv|gif|ogg|ogv|webm]}}
Delay recording for 10 seconds:,byzanz-record --delay 10 {{path/to/file.[byzanz|flv|gif|ogg|ogv|webm]}}
Convert a translated PO file back to a document:,po4a-translate --format {{text}} --master {{path/to/master.doc}} --po {{path/to/result.po}} --localized {{path/to/translated.txt}}
List all available formats:,po4a-translate --help-format
Escape the given text:,systemd-escape {{text}}
Reverse the escaping process:,systemd-escape {{[-u|--unescape]}} {{text}}
Treat the given text as a path:,systemd-escape {{[-p|--path]}} {{text}}
Append the given suffix to the escaped text:,systemd-escape --suffix {{suffix}} {{text}}
Use a template and inject the escaped text:,systemd-escape --template {{template}} {{text}}
List all partitions:,sudo blkid
"List all partitions in a table, including current mountpoints:",sudo blkid {{[-o|--output]}} list
Get the UUID of the filesystem on a partition:,blkid {{[-s|--match-tag]}} UUID {{[-o|--output]}} value {{/dev/sdXY}}
Preload a file into cache:,fadvise {{[-a|--advice]}} willneeded {{path/to/file}}
Suggest dropping a file from cache:,fadvise {{path/to/file}}
Display help:,fadvise {{[-h|--help]}}
Display the `main` routing table:,ip {{[r|route]}} {{[l|list]}}
Display the main routing table (same as first example):,ip {{[r|route]}} {{[l|list]}} {{[t|table]}} {{main|254}}
Display the local routing table:,ip {{[r|route]}} {{[l|list]}} {{[t|table]}} {{local|255}}
Display all routing tables:,ip {{[r|route]}} {{[l|list]}} {{[t|table]}} {{all|unspec|0}}
List routes from a given device only:,ip {{[r|route]}} {{[l|list]}} dev {{eth0}}
List routes within a given scope:,ip {{[r|route]}} {{[l|list]}} {{[s|scope]}} link
Display the routing cache:,ip {{[r|route]}} {{[l|list]}} {{[c|cache]}}
Display only IPv6 or IPv4 routes:,ip {{-6|-4}} {{[r|route]}}
Run an installed application:,flatpak run {{com.example.app}}
Install an application from a remote source:,flatpak install {{remote_name}} {{com.example.app}}
"List installed applications, ignoring runtimes:",flatpak list --app
Update all installed applications and runtimes:,flatpak update
Add a remote source:,flatpak remote-add --if-not-exists {{remote_name}} {{remote_url}}
Remove an installed application:,flatpak remove {{com.example.app}}
Remove all unused applications:,flatpak remove --unused
Show information about an installed application:,flatpak info {{com.example.app}}
View documentation for `trash-list`:,tldr trash
Scan for volume groups and print information about each group found:,sudo vgscan
"Scan for volume groups and add the special files in `/dev`, if they don't already exist, needed to access the logical volumes in the found groups:",sudo vgscan --mknodes
Initialize a repository of the files in `$PWD` with metadata in `$PWD/path/to/repo`:,ostree init --repo {{path/to/repo}}
Create a commit (snapshot) of the files:,ostree commit --repo {{path/to/repo}} --branch {{branch_name}}
Show files in commit:,ostree ls --repo {{path/to/repo}} {{commit_id}}
Show metadata of commit:,ostree show --repo {{path/to/repo}} {{commit_id}}
Show list of commits:,ostree log --repo {{path/to/repo}} {{branch_name}}
Show repo summary:,ostree summary --repo {{path/to/repo}} --view
Show available refs (branches):,ostree refs --repo {{path/to/repo}}
Create an ext2 filesystem in partition 1 of device b (`sdb1`):,mkfs.ext2 {{/dev/sdb1}}
Create an ext3 filesystem in partition 1 of device b (`sdb1`):,mkfs.ext3 {{/dev/sdb1}}
Create an ext4 filesystem in partition 1 of device b (`sdb1`):,mkfs.ext4 {{/dev/sdb1}}
Copy data to another file:,objcopy {{path/to/source_file}} {{path/to/target_file}}
Translate object files from one format to another:,objcopy --input-target={{input_format}} --output-target {{output_format}} {{path/to/source_file}} {{path/to/target_file}}
Strip all symbol information from the file:,objcopy --strip-all {{path/to/source_file}} {{path/to/target_file}}
Strip debugging information from the file:,objcopy --strip-debug {{path/to/source_file}} {{path/to/target_file}}
Copy a specific section from the source file to the destination file:,objcopy --only-section {{section}} {{path/to/source_file}} {{path/to/target_file}}
Open a file in the default editor:,sensible-editor {{path/to/file}}
"Open a file in the default editor, with the cursor at the end of the file:",sensible-editor + {{path/to/file}}
"Open a file in the default editor, with the cursor at the beginning of line 10:",sensible-editor +10 {{path/to/file}}
Open 3 files in vertically split editor windows at the same time:,sensible-editor -O3 {{path/to/file1 path/to/file2 path/to/file3}}
Stop embedded nbd server:,qm nbdstop {{VM_ID}}
Convert a GIF image to WebP:,gif2webp {{path/to/image.gif}} -o {{path/to/image.webp}}
Check a specific script file for syntax errors:,grub-script-check {{path/to/grub_config_file}}
Display each line of input after reading it:,grub-script-check {{[-v|--verbose]}}
Display help:,grub-script-check --help
Display version:,grub-script-check --version
Swap `<LeftClick>` and `<RightCLick>` on the pointer:,xmodmap -e 'pointer = 3 2 1'
Reassign a key on the keyboard to another key:,xmodmap -e 'keycode {{keycode}} = {{keyname}}'
Disable a key on the keyboard:,xmodmap -e 'keycode {{keycode}} ='
Execute all xmodmap expressions in the specified file:,xmodmap {{path/to/file}}
Start a GUI to view and modify the state of Slurm:,sview
"Generate a bug report about a specific package, then send it by e-mail:",reportbug {{package}}
"Report a bug that is not about a specific package (general problem, infrastructure, etc.):",reportbug other
Write the bug report to a file instead of sending it by e-mail:,reportbug {{[-o|--output]}} {{filename}} {{package}}
Command used by `qmigrate` during data migration from a VM to another host:,qm mtunnel
"View logs of a program, specifying log files, directories or URLs:",lnav {{path/to/log_or_directory|url}}
View logs of a specific remote host (SSH passwordless login required):,lnav {{ssh}} {{user}}@{{host1.example.com}}:{{/var/log/syslog.log}}
Validate the format of log files against the configuration and report any errors:,lnav -C {{path/to/log_directory}}
List all audio output and input ports with their IDs:,pw-link {{[-oiI|--output --input --ids]}}
Create a link between an output and an input port:,pw-link {{output_port_name}} {{input_port_name}}
Disconnect two ports:,pw-link {{[-d|--disconnect]}} {{output_port_name}} {{input_port_name}}
List all links with their IDs:,pw-link {{[-lI|--links --ids]}}
Display help:,pw-link {{[-h|--help]}}
Remove an installed package:,pkgrm {{package}}
Remove a Distrobox container (Tip: Stop the container before removing it):,distrobox-rm {{container_name}}
Remove a Distrobox container forcefully:,distrobox-rm {{container_name}} {{[-f|--force]}}
Discover LXI devices on available networks:,lxi discover
"Capture a screenshot, detecting a plugin automatically:",lxi screenshot {{[-a|--address]}} {{ip_address}}
Capture a screenshot using a specified plugin:,lxi screenshot {{[-a|--address]}} {{ip_address}} {{[-p|--plugin]}} {{rigol-1000z}}
Send an SCPI command to an instrument:,"lxi scpi {{[-a|--address]}} {{ip_address}} ""{{*IDN?}}"""
Run a benchmark for request and response performance:,lxi benchmark {{[-a|--address]}} {{ip_address}}
Show the system's DNS domain name:,dnsdomainname
List devices with changeable brightness:,brightnessctl --list
Print the current brightness of the display backlight:,brightnessctl get
Set the brightness of the display backlight to a specified percentage within range:,brightnessctl set {{50%}}
Increase brightness by a specified increment:,brightnessctl set {{+10%}}
Decrease brightness by a specified decrement:,brightnessctl set {{10%-}}
Disable a virtual host:,sudo a2dissite {{virtual_host}}
Don't show informative messages:,sudo a2dissite --quiet {{virtual_host}}
"Start an interactive shell (Bash, by default) in a new root directory:",arch-chroot {{path/to/new/root}}
Specify the user (other than the current user) to run the shell as:,arch-chroot -u {{user}} {{path/to/new/root}}
Run a custom command (instead of the default Bash) in the new root directory:,arch-chroot {{path/to/new/root}} {{command}} {{command_arguments}}
"Specify the shell, other than the default Bash (in this case, the `zsh` package should have been installed in the target system):",arch-chroot {{path/to/new/root}} {{zsh}}
Install GRUB on a BIOS system:,grub-install --target {{i386-pc}} {{path/to/device}}
Install GRUB on an UEFI system:,grub-install --target {{x86_64-efi}} --efi-directory {{path/to/efi_directory}} --bootloader-id {{GRUB}}
Install GRUB pre-loading specific modules:,"grub-install --target {{x86_64-efi}} --efi-directory {{path/to/efi_directory}} --modules ""{{part_gpt part_msdos}}"""
Initialize a project for `libtool` by copying necessary files (avoiding symbolic links) and overwriting existing files if needed:,libtoolize {{[-c|--copy]}} {{[-f|--force]}}
Show the contents of the initramfs image for the current kernel:,lsinitrd
Show the contents of the initramfs image for the specified kernel:,lsinitrd --kver {{kernel_version}}
Show the contents of the specified initramfs image:,lsinitrd {{path/to/initramfs.img}}
List modules included in the initramfs image:,lsinitrd --mod
Unpack the initramfs to the current directory:,lsinitrd --unpack
Define group administrators:,"sudo gpasswd {{[-A|--administrators]}} {{user1,user2}} {{group}}"
Set the list of group members:,"sudo gpasswd {{[-M|--members]}} {{user1,user2}} {{group}}"
Create a password for the named group:,gpasswd {{group}}
Add a user to the named group:,gpasswd {{[-a|--add]}} {{user}} {{group}}
Remove a user from the named group:,gpasswd {{[-d|--delete]}} {{user}} {{group}}
Install a package:,pkcon install {{package}}
Remove a package:,pkcon remove {{package}}
Refresh the package cache:,pkcon refresh
Update packages:,pkcon update
Search for a specific package:,pkcon search {{package}}
List all available packages:,pkcon get-packages
Log in as a user:,login {{user}}
Log in as user without authentication if user is preauthenticated:,login -f {{user}}
Log in as user and preserve environment:,login -p {{user}}
Log in as a user on a remote host:,login -h {{host}} {{user}}
Display information about all CPUs:,lscpu
Display information in a table:,lscpu {{[-e|--extended]}}
Display only information about online CPUs in a table:,lscpu {{[-e|--extended]}} {{[-b|--online]}}
Display only information about offline CPUs in a table:,lscpu {{[-e|--extended]}} {{[-c|--offline]}}
Display details about CPU caches:,lscpu {{[-C|--caches]}}
Display information in JSON format:,lscpu {{[-J|--json]}}
Remove a volume group with confirmation:,vgremove {{volume_group}}
Forcefully remove a volume group without confirmation:,vgremove --force {{volume_group}}
"Set the debug level for detailed logging to level 2, (repeat `--debug` up to 6 times to increase the level):",vgremove --debug --debug {{volume_group}}
Use a specific config setting to override defaults:,vgremove --config '{{global/locking_type=1}}' {{volume_group}}
Display help text for usage information:,vgremove --help
Increase/decrease the backlight by a specific percent count:,backlight_control {{+|-}}{{5}}
Set the backlight strength to a specific percent count:,backlight_control {{90}}
Display help:,backlight_control
"Count observed frequencies of words in a FASTA file, providing parameter values with interactive prompt:",compseq {{path/to/file.fasta}}
"Count observed frequencies of amino acid pairs from a FASTA file, save output to a text file:",compseq {{path/to/input_protein.fasta}} -word 2 {{path/to/output_file.comp}}
"Count observed frequencies of hexanucleotides from a FASTA file, save output to a text file and ignore zero counts:",compseq {{path/to/input_dna.fasta}} -word 6 {{path/to/output_file.comp}} -nozero
Count observed frequencies of codons in a particular reading frame; ignoring any overlapping counts (i.e. move window across by word-length 3):,compseq -sequence {{path/to/input_rna.fasta}} -word 3 {{path/to/output_file.comp}} -nozero -frame {{1}}
Count observed frequencies of codons frame-shifted by 3 positions; ignoring any overlapping counts (should report all codons except the first one):,compseq -sequence {{path/to/input_rna.fasta}} -word 3 {{path/to/output_file.comp}} -nozero -frame 3
Count amino acid triplets in a FASTA file and compare to a previous run of `compseq` to calculate expected and normalised frequency values:,compseq -sequence {{path/to/human_proteome.fasta}} -word 3 {{path/to/output_file1.comp}} -nozero -infile {{path/to/output_file2.comp}}
"Approximate the above command without a previously prepared file, by calculating expected frequencies using the single base/residue frequencies in the supplied input sequence(s):",compseq -sequence {{path/to/human_proteome.fasta}} -word 3 {{path/to/output_file.comp}} -nozero -calcfreq
Display help (use `-help -verbose` for more information on associated and general qualifiers):,compseq -help
Switch between different GPU modes:,optimus-manager --switch {{nvidia|integrated|hybrid}}
Clean up:,optimus-manager --cleanup
Update the operating system:,steamos-update
Check if there is an update available:,steamos-update check
List services with runlevel:,chkconfig --list
Show a service's runlevel:,chkconfig --list {{ntpd}}
Enable service at boot:,chkconfig {{sshd}} on
"Enable service at boot for runlevels 2, 3, 4, and 5:",chkconfig --level {{2345}} {{sshd}} on
Disable service at boot:,chkconfig {{ntpd}} off
Disable service at boot for runlevel 3:,chkconfig --level {{3}} {{ntpd}} off
Disable the swap file:,dphys-swapfile swapoff
Enable the swap file:,dphys-swapfile swapon
Create a new swap file:,dphys-swapfile setup
"List DNF groups, showing installed and uninstalled status in a table:",dnf group list
"Show DNF group info, including repository and optional packages:",dnf group info {{group_name}}
Install DNF group:,dnf group install {{group_name}}
Remove DNF group:,dnf group remove {{group_name}}
Upgrade DNF group:,dnf group upgrade {{group_name}}
Tell the kernel about the existence of the specified partition:,addpart {{device}} {{partition}} {{start}} {{length}}
Proxy a specific virtual machine:,qm vncproxy {{vm_id}}
Forward `stdin`/`stdout` to the local system bus:,systemd-stdio-bridge
Forward `stdin`/`stdout` to a specific user's D-Bus:,systemd-stdio-bridge --{{user}}
Forward `stdin`/`stdout` to the local system bus within a specific container:,systemd-stdio-bridge {{[-M|--machine]}} {{mycontainer}}
Forward `stdin`/`stdout` to a custom D-Bus address:,systemd-stdio-bridge {{[-p|--bus-path]}} unix:path={{/custom/dbus/socket}}
View documentation for `resolvectl`:,tldr resolvectl
Record a new session to a file named `typescript` in the current directory:,script
Stop recording:,exit
Record a new session to a custom filepath:,script {{path/to/session.out}}
Append to an existing file:,script {{[-a|--append]}} {{logfile.log}}
Record timing information (data is outputted to `stderr`):,script {{[-t|--timing]}} 2> {{path/to/timing_file}}
Write out data as soon as it happens:,script {{[-f|--flush]}} {{path/to/file}}
Execute quietly without start and done messages:,script {{[-q|--quiet]}} {{logfile.log}}
Display help:,script {{[-h|--help]}}
List all installed packages:,dpkg-query {{[-l|--list]}}
List installed packages matching a pattern:,dpkg-query {{[-l|--list]}} '{{libc6*}}'
List all files installed by a package:,dpkg-query {{[-L|--listfiles]}} {{libc6}}
Show information about a package:,dpkg-query {{[-s|--status]}} {{libc6}}
Search for packages that own files matching a pattern:,dpkg-query {{[-S|--search]}} {{/etc/ld.so.conf.d}}
Change user's primary group membership:,newgrp {{group_name}}
Reset primary group membership to user's default group in `/etc/passwd`:,newgrp
Try to enumerate using all methods:,enum4linux -a {{remote_host}}
Enumerate using given login credentials:,enum4linux -u {{user_name}} -p {{password}} {{remote_host}}
List usernames from a given host:,enum4linux -U {{remote_host}}
List shares:,enum4linux -S {{remote_host}}
Get OS information:,enum4linux -o {{remote_host}}
Wait for the user to make a selection and output its geometry to `stdout`:,slop
"Double click, rather than click and drag, to draw a selection:",slop {{[-D|--nodrag]}}
Highlight the selection rather than outlining it:,slop {{[-l|--highlight]}}
Specify the output format:,slop {{[-f|--format]}} {{format_string}}
Specify the selection rectangle's color:,"slop {{[-c|--color]}} {{red}},{{green}},{{blue}},{{alpha}}"
Operate on the specified directory instead of the root directory of the host system:,sudo systemd-firstboot --root {{path/to/root_directory}}
Set the system keyboard layout:,sudo systemd-firstboot --keymap {{keymap}}
Set the system hostname:,sudo systemd-firstboot --hostname {{hostname}}
Set the root user's password:,sudo systemd-firstboot --root-password {{password}}
Prompt the user interactively for a specific basic setting:,sudo systemd-firstboot --prompt {{setting}}
Force writing configuration even if the relevant files already exist:,sudo systemd-firstboot --force
Remove all existing files that are configured by `systemd-firstboot`:,sudo systemd-firstboot --reset
Remove the password of the system's root user:,sudo systemd-firstboot --delete-root-password
"Install the `base` package, the Linux kernel and firmware for common hardware:",pacstrap {{path/to/new/root}} {{base}} {{linux}} {{linux-firmware}}
"Install the `base` package, the Linux LTS kernel and `base-devel` build tools:",pacstrap {{path/to/new/root}} {{base}} {{base-devel}} {{linux-lts}}
Install packages and copy the host's Pacman config to the target:,pacstrap -P {{path/to/new/root}} {{packages}}
Install packages without copying the host's mirrorlist to the target:,pacstrap -M {{path/to/new/root}} {{packages}}
Use an alternate configuration file for Pacman:,pacstrap -C {{path/to/pacman.conf}} {{path/to/new/root}} {{packages}}
Install packages using the package cache on the host instead of on the target:,pacstrap -c {{path/to/new/root}} {{packages}}
Initialize an empty `pacman` keyring in the target without copying it from the host:,pacstrap -K {{path/to/new/root}} {{packages}}
Install packages in interactive mode (prompts for confirmation):,pacstrap -i {{path/to/new/root}} {{packages}}
Make a bootable USB drive from an isohybrid file (such as `archlinux-xxx.iso`) and show the progress:,dd if={{path/to/file.iso}} of={{/dev/usb_drive}} status=progress
Clone a drive to another drive with 4 MiB block size and flush writes before the command terminates:,dd bs=4M conv=fsync if={{/dev/source_drive}} of={{/dev/dest_drive}}
Generate a file with a specific number of random bytes by using kernel random driver:,dd bs={{100}} count={{1}} if=/dev/urandom of={{path/to/random_file}}
Benchmark the write performance of a disk:,dd bs={{1M}} count={{1024}} if=/dev/zero of={{path/to/file_1GB}}
"Create a system backup, save it into an IMG file (can be restored later by swapping `if` and `of`), and show the progress:",dd if={{/dev/drive_device}} of={{path/to/file.img}} status=progress
Check the progress of an ongoing `dd` operation (run this command from another shell):,kill -USR1 $(pgrep {{[-x|--exact]}} dd)
Run PhotoRec on a specific device:,sudo photorec {{/dev/sdb}}
Run PhotoRec on a disk image (`image.dd`):,sudo photorec {{path/to/image.dd}}
Visit a website in graphics mode:,links2 -g {{https://example.com}}
Build binary and source packages:,rpmbuild -ba {{path/to/spec_file}}
Build a binary package without source package:,rpmbuild -bb {{path/to/spec_file}}
Specify additional variables when building a package:,"rpmbuild -bb {{path/to/spec_file}} --define ""{{variable1}} {{value1}}"" --define ""{{variable2}} {{value2}}"""
Search for packages that contain a file:,urpmf {{filename}}
Search for packages that contain both a keyword [a]nd another in their summaries:,urpmf --summary {{keyword1}} -a {{keyword2}}
Search for packages that contain a keyword [o]r another in their descriptions:,urpmf --description {{keyword1}} -o {{keyword2}}
"Search for packages that do not contain a keyword in their name ignoring case distinction using ""|"" as the [F]ield separator ("":"" by default):",urpmf --description ! {{keyword}} -F'|'
Synchronize and update all packages (including AUR):,yaourt -Syua
Install a new package (includes AUR):,yaourt -S {{package}}
Remove a package and its dependencies (includes AUR packages):,yaourt -Rs {{package}}
Search the package database for a keyword (including AUR):,yaourt -Ss {{query}}
"List installed packages, versions, and repositories (AUR packages will be listed under the repository name 'local'):",yaourt -Q
Mark a package as automatically installed:,sudo apt-mark auto {{package}}
Hold a package at its current version and prevent updates to it:,sudo apt-mark hold {{package}}
Allow a package to be updated again:,sudo apt-mark unhold {{package}}
Show manually installed packages:,apt-mark showmanual
Show held packages that aren't being updated:,apt-mark showhold
Log out of i3:,i3exit logout
Lock i3:,i3exit lock
Shut down the system:,i3exit shutdown
Suspend the system:,i3exit suspend
Switch to the login screen to log in as a different user:,i3exit switch_user
Hibernate the system:,i3exit hibernate
Reboot the system:,i3exit reboot
"Create a daily planner with specified language, lettercase (uppercase or lowercase) and year:",yplan {{language}} {{lettercase}} {{year}} > {{path/to/file.tex}}
"Obtain a new certificate via webroot authorization, but do not install it automatically:",sudo certbot certonly --webroot {{[-w|--webroot-path]}} {{path/to/webroot}} {{[-d|--domain]}} {{subdomain.example.com}}
"Obtain a new certificate via nginx authorization, installing the new certificate automatically:",sudo certbot --nginx {{[-d|--domain]}} {{subdomain.example.com}}
"Obtain a new certificate via apache authorization, installing the new certificate automatically:",sudo certbot --apache {{[-d|--domain]}} {{subdomain.example.com}}
Renew all Let's Encrypt certificates that expire in 30 days or less (don't forget to restart any servers that use them afterwards):,sudo certbot renew
"Simulate the obtaining of a new certificate, but don't actually save any new certificates to disk:",sudo certbot --webroot {{[-w|--webroot-path]}} {{path/to/webroot}} {{[-d|--domain]}} {{subdomain.example.com}} --dry-run
Obtain an untrusted test certificate instead:,sudo certbot --webroot {{[-w|--webroot-path]}} {{path/to/webroot}} {{[-d|--domain]}} {{subdomain.example.com}} --test-cert
Show all DMI table contents:,sudo dmidecode
Show the BIOS version:,sudo dmidecode {{[-s|--string]}} bios-version
Show the system's serial number:,sudo dmidecode {{[-s|--string]}} system-serial-number
Show BIOS information:,sudo dmidecode {{[-t|--type]}} bios
Show CPU information:,sudo dmidecode {{[-t|--type]}} processor
Show memory information:,sudo dmidecode {{[-t|--type]}} memory
Show the networking status of NetworkManager:,nmcli networking
Enable or disable networking and all interfaces managed by NetworkManager:,nmcli networking {{on|off}}
Show the last known connectivity state:,nmcli networking connectivity
Show the current connectivity state:,nmcli networking connectivity check
Change the group name:,sudo groupmod {{[-n|--new-name]}} {{new_group}} {{group_name}}
Change the group ID:,sudo groupmod {{[-g|--gid]}} {{new_id}} {{group_name}}
List all the installed extensions:,gnome-extensions list
Display information about a specific extension:,"gnome-extensions info ""{{extension_id}}"""
Enable a specific extension:,"gnome-extensions enable ""{{extension_id}}"""
Disable a specific extension:,"gnome-extension disable ""{{extension_id}}"""
Uninstall a specific extension:,"gnome-extension uninstall ""{{extension_id}}"""
Display help for a specific subcommand (like `list`):,gnome-extensions help {{subcommand}}
Display version:,gnome-extensions version
Browse through all available cheatsheets:,navi
Browse the cheatsheet for `navi` itself:,navi fn welcome
Print a command from the cheatsheet without executing it:,navi --print
"Output shell widget source code (It automatically detects your shell if possible, but can also be specified manually):",navi widget {{shell}}
Autoselect and execute the snippet that best matches a query:,navi --query '{{query}}' --best-match
List trust policy store items:,trust list
List information about specific items in the trust policy store:,trust list --filter={{blocklist|ca-anchors|certificates|trust-policy}}
Store a specific trust anchor in the trust policy store:,trust anchor {{path/to/certificate.crt}}
Remove a specific anchor from the trust policy store:,trust anchor --remove {{path/to/certificate.crt}}
Extract trust policy from the shared trust policy store:,trust extract --format=x509-directory --filter=ca-anchors {{path/to/directory}}
Display help for a subcommand:,trust {{subcommand}} --help
Open the filesystem in read only mode:,debugfs {{/dev/sdXN}}
Open the filesystem in read write mode:,debugfs -w {{/dev/sdXN}}
"Read commands from a specified file, execute them and then exit:",debugfs -f {{path/to/cmd_file}} {{/dev/sdXN}}
View the filesystem stats in debugfs console:,stats
Close the filesystem:,close -a
List all available commands:,lr
Read input:,line
Search the package database for a package name:,pacstall --search {{query}}
Install a package:,pacstall --install {{package}}
Remove a package:,pacstall --remove {{package}}
Add a repository to the database (only GitHub and GitLab are supported):,pacstall --add-repo {{remote_repository_location}}
Update pacstall's scripts:,pacstall --update
Update all packages:,pacstall --upgrade
Display information about a package:,pacstall --cache-info {{package}}
List all installed packages:,pacstall --list
Update symlinks and rebuild the cache (usually run when a new library is installed):,sudo ldconfig
Update the symlinks for a given directory:,sudo ldconfig -n {{path/to/directory}}
Print the libraries in the cache and check whether a given library is present:,ldconfig {{[-p|--print-cache]}} | grep {{library_name}}
Show all messages with priority level 3 (errors) from this boot:,journalctl {{[-b|--boot]}} {{[-p|--priority]}} 3
Delete journal logs which are older than 2 days:,journalctl --vacuum-time 2d
Show only the last `n` lines and follow new messages (like `tail -f` for traditional syslog):,journalctl {{[-n|--lines]}} {{n}} {{[-f|--follow]}}
Show all messages by a specific unit:,journalctl {{[-u|--unit]}} {{unit}}
Show logs for a given unit since the last time it started:,journalctl _SYSTEMD_INVOCATION_ID=$(systemctl show --value --property=InvocationID {{unit}})
"Filter messages within a time range (either timestamp or placeholders like ""yesterday""):","journalctl {{[-S|--since]}} {{now|today|yesterday|tomorrow}} {{[-U|--until]}} ""{{YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS}}"""
Show all messages by a specific process:,journalctl _PID={{pid}}
Show all messages by a specific executable:,journalctl {{path/to/executable}}
Reload Hyprland configuration:,hyprctl reload
Return the active window name:,hyprctl activewindow
List all connected input devices:,hyprctl devices
List all outputs with respective properties:,hyprctl workspaces
Call a dispatcher:,hyprctl dispatch {{dispatcher}}
Set a configuration keyword dynamically:,hyprctl keyword {{keyword}} {{value}}
Display version:,hyprctl version
Read the OTP private key:,rpi-otp-private-key
Calculate and save the UUID for the current working directory:,abrt-action-analyze-c
Calculate and save the UUID for a specific directory:,abrt-action-analyze-c -d {{path/to/directory}}
Calculate and save the UUID verbosely:,abrt-action-analyze-c -v
[Q]uery the local package database and list installed packages and versions:,pacman -Q
List only packages and versions that were [e]xplicitly installed:,pacman -Qe
Find which package [o]wns a file:,pacman -Qo {{filename}}
Display information about an [i]nstalled package:,pacman -Qi {{package}}
Display the [l]ist of files owned by a specific package:,pacman -Ql {{package}}
List orphan packages (installed as [d]ependencies but unrequired ([t]) by any package and print in [q]uiet mode (only package name is displayed)):,pacman -Qdtq
List installed packages foreign ([m]) to the repository database:,pacman -Qm
List packages that can be [u]pgraded:,pacman -Qu
Lock the screen to a blurred screenshot of the current screen:,blurlock
Lock the screen and disable the unlock indicator (removes feedback on keypress):,blurlock {{[-u|--no-unlock-indicator]}}
Lock the screen and don't hide the mouse pointer:,blurlock {{[-p|--pointer]}} {{default}}
Lock the screen and show the number of failed login attempts:,blurlock {{[-f|--show-failed-attempts]}}
Extract [m]essage from file:,stegsnow {{path/to/file.txt}}
Extract [C]ompressed and [p]assword protected [m]essage from file:,stegsnow -C -p {{password}} {{path/to/file.txt}}
Determine approximate [S]torage capacity with line [l]ength less than 72 for file:,stegsnow -S -l 72 {{path/to/file.txt}}
Conceal [m]essage in text from file and save to result:,stegsnow -m '{{message}}' {{path/to/file.txt}} {{path/to/result.txt}}
Conceal message [f]ile content [C]ompressed in text from file and save to result:,stegsnow -C -f '{{path/to/message.txt}}' {{path/to/file.txt}} {{path/to/result.txt}}
Conceal [m]essage [C]ompressed and [p]assword protected in text from file and save to result:,stegsnow -C -p {{password}} -m '{{message}}' {{path/to/file.txt}} {{path/to/result.txt}}
Display status information of a comma-separated list of jobs:,sstat {{[-j|--jobs]}} {{job_id}}
"Display job ID, average CPU and average virtual memory size of a comma-separated list of jobs, with pipes as column delimiters:","sstat {{[-p|--parsable]}} {{[-j|--jobs]}} {{job_id}} {{[-o|--format]}} {{JobID,AveCPU,AveVMSize}}"
Display list of fields available:,sstat {{[-e|--helpformat]}}
View documentation for the original command:,tldr dnf config-manager
Display the watchdog status:,wdctl
Display the watchdog status in a single line in key-value pairs:,wdctl {{[-O|--oneline]}}
Display only specific watchdog flags (list is driver specific):,wdctl {{[-f|--flags]}} {{flag_list}}
Modify ACL of a file for user with read and write access:,setfacl {{[-m|--modify]}} u:{{username}}:rw {{path/to/file_or_directory}}
Modify default ACL of a file for all users:,setfacl {{[-m|--modify]}} {{[-d|--default]}} u::rw {{path/to/file_or_directory}}
Remove ACL of a file for a user:,setfacl {{[-x|--remove]}} u:{{username}} {{path/to/file_or_directory}}
Remove all ACL entries of a file:,setfacl {{[-X|--remove-all]}} {{path/to/file_or_directory}}
Search for videos on YouTube with thumbnail previews:,ytfzf --show-thumbnails {{search_pattern}}
Play only the audio of the first item in a loop:,ytfzf --audio-only --auto-select --loop {{search_pattern}}
Download a video from the history:,ytfzf --download --choose-from-history
Play all the music found in a search:,ytfzf --audio-only --select-all {{search_pattern}}
See the trending videos in an external menu:,ytfzf --trending --ext-menu {{search_pattern}}
Search on PeerTube instead of YouTube:,ytfzf --peertube {{search_pattern}}
View the queue:,squeue
View jobs queued by a specific user:,squeue {{[-u|--user]}} {{username}}
View the queue and refresh every 5 seconds:,squeue {{[-i|--iterate]}} {{5}}
View the queue with expected start times:,squeue --start
List enabled Apache modules:,sudo a2query -m
Check if a specific module is installed:,sudo a2query -m {{module_name}}
List enabled virtual hosts:,sudo a2query -s
Display the currently enabled Multi Processing Module:,sudo a2query -M
Display Apache version:,sudo a2query -v
Find out where your local DNS got the information on www.example.com:,dnstracer {{www.example.com}}
Start with a [s]pecific DNS that you already know:,dnstracer -s {{dns.example.org}} {{www.example.com}}
Only query IPv4 servers:,dnstracer -4 {{www.example.com}}
Retry each request 5 times on failure:,dnstracer -r {{5}} {{www.example.com}}
Display all steps during execution:,dnstracer -v {{www.example.com}}
Display an [o]verview of all received answers after execution:,dnstracer -o {{www.example.com}}
Change the volume label on a specific ext partition:,"e2label {{/dev/sda1}} ""{{label_name}}"""
Update all enabled media:,urpmi.update -a
Update specific media (including disabled media):,urpmi.update {{medium1 medium2 ...}}
Update all media that contain a specific keyword:,urpmi.update {{keyword}}
Update all configured media:,urpmi.update e
View documentation for the original command:,tldr qm disk move
Remove a package from a local repository:,repo-remove {{path/to/database.db.tar.gz}} {{package}}
Create a password hash for GRUB 2 using PBKDF2 and print it to `stdout`:,sudo grub2-mkpasswd-pbkdf2 {{[-c|--iteration-count]}} {{number_of_pbkdf2_iterations}} {{[-s|--salt]}} {{salt_length}}
Store a secret with an optional label:,secret-tool store --label={{label}} {{key}} {{value}}
Retrieve a secret:,secret-tool lookup key {{key}}
Get more information about a secret:,secret-tool search key {{key}}
Delete a stored secret:,secret-tool clear key {{key}}
Mount a file system (image or block device) at `/run/media/system/LABEL` where LABEL is the filesystem label or the device name if there is no label:,systemd-mount {{path/to/file_or_device}}
Mount a file system (image or block device) at a specific location:,systemd-mount {{path/to/file_or_device}} {{path/to/mount_point}}
"List all local, known block devices with file systems that may be mounted:",systemd-mount --list
Create an automount point that mounts the actual file system at the time of first access:,systemd-mount --automount yes {{path/to/file_or_device}}
Unmount one or more devices:,systemd-mount {{[-u|--umount]}} {{path/to/mount_point_or_device1}} {{path/to/mount_point_or_device2}}
Mount a file system (image or block device) with a specific file system type:,systemd-mount {{[-t|--type]}} {{file_system_type}} {{path/to/file_or_device}} {{path/to/mount_point}}
Mount a file system (image or block device) with additional mount options:,systemd-mount {{[-o|--options]}} {{mount_options}} {{path/to/file_or_device}} {{path/to/mount_point}}
Scan for available wireless networks:,iw dev {{wlp}} scan
Join an open wireless network:,iw dev {{wlp}} connect {{SSID}}
Close the current connection:,iw dev {{wlp}} disconnect
Show information about the current connection:,iw dev {{wlp}} link
List all physical and logical wireless network interfaces:,iw dev
List all wireless capabilities for all physical hardware interfaces:,iw phy
List the kernel's current wireless regulatory domain information:,iw reg get
Display help for all commands:,iw help
Execute a specific QEMU Guest Agent command:,qm guest cmd {{virtual_machine_id}} {{fsfreeze-freeze|fsfreeze-status|fsfreeze-thaw|fstrim|get-fsinfo|...}}
List all containers (running and stopped):,ctr containers list
List all images:,ctr images list
Pull an image:,ctr images pull {{image}}
Tag an image:,ctr images tag {{source_image}}:{{source_tag}} {{target_image}}:{{target_tag}}
View and set the wallpapers from a specific directory:,nitrogen {{path/to/directory}}
Set the wallpaper with automatic size settings:,nitrogen --set-auto {{path/to/file}}
Restore the previous wallpaper:,nitrogen --restore
Convert the given assembly code to `bytes`:,"pwn asm ""{{xor edi, edi}}"""
Create a cyclic pattern of the specific number of characters:,pwn cyclic {{number}}
Encode the given data into the hexadecimal system:,pwn hex {{deafbeef}}
Decode the given data from hexadecimal:,pwn unhex {{6c4f7645}}
Print a x64 Linux shellcode for running a shell:,pwn shellcraft {{amd64.linux.sh}}
Check the binary security settings for the given ELF file:,pwn checksec {{path/to/file}}
Check for Pwntools updates:,pwn update
Display version:,pwn version
Perform reconnaissance on target host(s) (detailed scan results will be dumped in `./results`):,"sudo autorecon {{host_or_ip1,host_or_ip2,...}}"
Perform reconnaissance on target(s) from a file:,sudo autorecon {{[-t|--target-file]}} {{path/to/file}}
Output results to a different directory:,"sudo autorecon {{[-o|--output]}} {{path/to/results}} {{host_or_ip1,host_or_ip2,...}}"
"Limit scanning to specific ports and protocols (`T` for TCP, `U` for UDP, `B` for both):","sudo autorecon {{[-p|--ports]}} {{T:21-25,80,443,U:53,B:123}} {{host_or_ip1,host_or_ip2,...}}"
Set a user's login shell to `nologin` to prevent the user from logging in:,chsh {{[-s|--shell]}} {{user}} nologin
Customize message for users with the login shell of `nologin`:,"echo ""{{declined_login_message}}"" > /etc/nologin.txt"
Display a message in full-screen:,"sm ""{{Hello World!}}"""
Display a message with inverted colors:,"sm {{[-i|--invert]}} ""{{Hello World!}}"""
Display a message with a custom foreground color:,"sm {{[-f|--foreground]}} {{blue}} ""{{Hello World!}}"""
Display a message with a custom background color:,"sm {{[-b|--background]}} {{#008888}} ""{{Hello World!}}"""
"Display a message rotated 3 times (in steps of 90 degrees, counterclockwise):","sm {{[-r|--rotate]}} {{3}} ""{{Hello World!}}"""
Display a message using the output from another command:,"{{echo ""Hello World!""}} | sm -"
Launch the screenshooter GUI:,xfce4-screenshooter
Take a screenshot of the entire screen and launch the GUI to ask how to proceed:,xfce4-screenshooter {{[-f|--fullscreen]}}
Take a screenshot of the entire screen and save it in the specified directory:,xfce4-screenshooter {{[-f|--fullscreen]}} {{[-s|--save]}} {{path/to/directory}}
Wait some time before taking the screenshot:,xfce4-screenshooter {{[-d|--delay]}} {{seconds}}
Take a screenshot of a region of the screen (select using the mouse):,xfce4-screenshooter {{[-r|--region]}}
"Take a screenshot of the active window, and copy it to the clipboard:",xfce4-screenshooter {{[-w|--window]}} {{[-c|--clipboard]}}
"Take a screenshot of the active window, and open it with a chosen program:",xfce4-screenshooter {{[-w|--window]}} {{[-o|--open]}} {{gimp}}
[l]isten on a specified [p]ort and print any data received:,cryptcat -k {{password}} -l -p {{port}}
Connect to a certain port:,cryptcat -k {{password}} {{ip_address}} {{port}}
Specify the timeout ([w]):,cryptcat -k {{password}} -w {{timeout_in_seconds}} {{ip_address}} {{port}}
Scan ([z]) the open ports of a specified host:,cryptcat -v -z {{ip_address}} {{port}}
Act as proxy and forward data from a local TCP port to the given remote host:,cryptcat -k {{password}} -l -p {{local_port}} | cryptcat -k {{password}} {{hostname}} {{remote_port}}
Compare files:,diff3 {{path/to/file1}} {{path/to/file2}} {{path/to/file3}}
"Show all changes, outlining conflicts:",diff3 {{[-A|--show-all]}} {{path/to/file1}} {{path/to/file2}} {{path/to/file3}}
Show all available variables and their values:,sysctl {{[-a|--all]}}
Set a changeable kernel state variable:,sysctl {{[-w|--write]}} {{section.tunable}}={{value}}
Get currently open file handlers:,sysctl fs.file-nr
Get limit for simultaneous open files:,sysctl fs.file-max
Apply changes from `/etc/sysctl.conf`:,sysctl {{[-p|--load]}}
"Assemble a file, writing the output to `a.out`:",as {{path/to/file.s}}
Assemble the output to a given file:,as {{path/to/file.s}} -o {{path/to/output_file.o}}
Generate output faster by skipping whitespace and comment preprocessing. (Should only be used for trusted compilers):,as -f {{path/to/file.s}}
Include a given path to the list of directories to search for files specified in `.include` directives:,as -I {{path/to/directory}} {{path/to/file.s}}
Save the current configuration as a profile:,konsave {{[-s|--save]}} {{profile_name}}
Apply a profile:,konsave {{[-a|--apply]}} {{profile_name}}
"Save the current configuration as a profile, overwriting existing profiles if they exist with the same name:",konsave {{[-s|--save]}} {{profile_name}} {{[-f|--force]}}
List all profiles:,konsave {{[-l|--list]}}
Remove a profile:,konsave {{[-r|--remove]}} {{profile_name}}
Export a profile as a `.knsv` to the home directory:,konsave {{[-e|--export-profile]}} {{profile_name}}
Import a `.knsv` profile:,konsave {{[-i|--import-profile]}} {{path/to/profile_name.knsv}}
Create a new castle:,homeshick generate {{castle_name}}
Add a file to your castle:,homeshick track {{castle_name}} {{path/to/file}}
Go to a castle:,homeshick cd {{castle_name}}
Clone a castle:,homeshick clone {{github_username}}/{{repository_name}}
Symlink all files from a castle:,homeshick link {{castle_name}}
Start the graphical user interface (GUI) version of Bleachbit:,bleachbit --gui
Shred a file:,bleachbit --shred {{path/to/file}}
List available cleaner options:,bleachbit --list-cleaners
Preview the files that will be deleted and other changes that will be made before actually performing the clean-up operation:,bleachbit --preview {{--preset|cleaner1.option1 cleaner2.* ...}}
Perform the clean-up operation and delete files:,bleachbit --clean {{--preset|cleaner1.option1 cleaner2.* ...}}
Show display output information:,kscreen-doctor {{[-o|--outputs]}}
Set the rotation of a display output with an ID of 1 to the right:,kscreen-doctor {{output.1.rotation.right}}
Set the scale of a display output with an ID of `HDMI-2` to 2 (200%):,kscreen-doctor {{output.HDMI-2.scale.2}}
List available profile symlink targets with their numbers:,eselect profile list
Set the `/etc/portage/make.profile` symlink by name or number from the `list` command:,eselect profile set {{name|number}}
Show the current system profile:,eselect profile show
Add a symbolic link:,sudo update-alternatives --install {{path/to/symlink}} {{command_name}} {{path/to/command_binary}} {{priority}}
Configure a symbolic link for `java`:,sudo update-alternatives --config {{java}}
Remove a symbolic link:,sudo update-alternatives --remove {{java}} {{/opt/java/jdk1.8.0_102/bin/java}}
Display information about a specified command:,update-alternatives --display {{java}}
Display all commands and their current selection:,update-alternatives --get-selections
Display the contents of the file with underlines where applicable:,ul {{file.txt}}
Display the contents of the file with underlines made of dashes `-`:,ul {{[-i|--indicated]}} {{file.txt}}
Restore all deleted files inside partition N on device X:,sudo extundelete {{/dev/sdXN}} --restore-all
Restore a file from a path relative to root (Do not start the path with `/`):,extundelete {{/dev/sdXN}} --restore-file {{path/to/file}}
Restore a directory from a path relative to root (Do not start the path with `/`):,extundelete {{/dev/sdXN}} --restore-directory {{path/to/directory}}
"Restore all files deleted after January 1st, 2020 (in Unix time):",extundelete {{/dev/sdXN}} --restore-all --after {{1577840400}}
Display the `n` largest packages on the system:,dpigs {{[-n|--lines]}} {{n}}
Use the specified file instead of the default dpkg status file:,dpigs {{[-s|--status]}} {{path/to/file}}
Display the largest source packages of binary packages installed on the system:,dpigs {{[-S|--source]}}
Display package sizes in human-readable format:,dpigs {{[-H|--human-readable]}}
Display help:,dpigs {{[-h|--help]}}
Get graphics card information:,hwinfo --gfxcard
Get network device information:,hwinfo --network
"List disks and CD-ROM drives, abbreviating the output:",hwinfo --short --disk --cdrom
Write all hardware information to a file:,hwinfo --all --log {{path/to/file}}
Display help:,hwinfo --help
List available scanners to ensure the target device is connected and recognized:,scanimage {{[-L|--list-devices]}}
Scan an image and save it to a file:,scanimage --format {{pnm|tiff|png|jpeg}} > {{path/to/new_image}}
Start Drawing:,drawing
Open specific files:,drawing {{path/to/image1 path/to/image2 ...}}
Open specific files in a new window:,drawing --new-window {{path/to/image1 path/to/image2 ...}}
View all available firewall zones and rules in their runtime configuration state:,firewall-cmd --list-all-zones
"Permanently move the interface into the block zone, effectively blocking all communication:",firewall-cmd --permanent --zone={{block}} --change-interface={{enp1s0}}
Permanently open the port for a service in the specified zone (like port 443 when in the `public` zone):,firewall-cmd --permanent --zone={{public}} --add-service={{https}}
Permanently close the port for a service in the specified zone (like port 80 when in the `public` zone):,firewall-cmd --permanent --zone={{public}} --remove-service={{http}}
Permanently forward a port for incoming packets in the specified zone (like port 443 to 8443 when entering the `public` zone):,"firewall-cmd --permanent --zone={{public}} --add-rich-rule='rule family=""{{ipv4|ipv6}}"" forward-port port=""{{443}}"" protocol=""{{udp|tcp}}"" to-port=""{{8443}}""'"
Reload firewalld to lose any runtime changes and force the permanent configuration to take effect immediately:,firewall-cmd --reload
Save the runtime configuration state to the permanent configuration:,firewall-cmd --runtime-to-permanent
"Enable panic mode in case of Emergency. All traffic is dropped, any active connection will be terminated:",firewall-cmd --panic-on
"Display a cow saying ""hello, world"":","xcowsay ""{{hello, world}}"""
Display a cow with output from another command:,ls | xcowsay
Display a cow at the specified X and Y coordinates:,"xcowsay --at {{X}},{{Y}}"
Display a different sized cow:,xcowsay --cow-size {{small|med|large}}
Display a thought bubble instead of a speech bubble:,xcowsay --think
Display a different image instead of the default cow:,xcowsay --image {{path/to/file}}
Display AUR packages that match a regular expression:,auracle search '{{regular_expression}}'
Display information about one or more AUR packages:,auracle info {{package1 package2 ...}}
Display the `PKGBUILD` file (build information) of one or more AUR packages:,auracle show {{package1 package2 ...}}
Display updates for installed AUR packages:,auracle outdated
List all video devices:,v4l2-ctl --list-devices
List supported video formats and resolutions of default video device `/dev/video0`:,v4l2-ctl --list-formats-ext
List supported video formats and resolutions of a specific video device:,v4l2-ctl --list-formats-ext {{[-d|--device]}} {{path/to/video_device}}
Get all details of a video device:,v4l2-ctl --all {{[-d|--device]}} {{path/to/video_device}}
Capture a JPEG photo with a specific resolution from video device:,"v4l2-ctl {{[-d|--device]}} {{path/to/video_device}} --set-fmt-video=width={{width}},height={{height}},pixelformat=MJPG --stream-mmap --stream-to={{path/to/output.jpg}} --stream-count=1"
Capture a raw video stream from video device:,"v4l2-ctl {{[-d|--device]}} {{path/to/video_device}} --set-fmt-video=width={{width}},height={{height}},pixelformat={{format}} --stream-mmap --stream-to={{path/to/output}} --stream-count={{number_of_frames_to_capture}}"
List all video device's controls and their values:,v4l2-ctl {{[-l|--list-ctrls]}} {{[-d|--device]}} {{path/to/video_device}}
Set the value of a video device control:,v4l2-ctl {{[-d|--device]}} {{path/to/video_device}} {{[-c|--set-ctrl]}} {{control_name}}={{value}}
Lookup the persistent security context setting of an absolute path:,matchpathcon {{/path/to/file}}
Restrict lookup to settings on a specific file type:,matchpathcon -m {{file|dir|pipe|chr_file|blk_file|lnk_file|sock_file}} {{/path/to/file}}
[V]erify that the persistent and current security context of a path agree:,matchpathcon -V {{/path/to/file}}
Activate a service when a specific socket is connected:,systemd-socket-activate {{path/to/socket.service}}
Activate multiple sockets for a service:,systemd-socket-activate {{path/to/socket1.service}} {{path/to/socket2.service}}
Pass environment variables to the service being activated:,{{SYSTEMD_SOCKET_ACTIVATION=1}} systemd-socket-activate {{path/to/socket.service}}
Activate a service along with a notification socket:,systemd-socket-activate {{path/to/socket.socket}} {{path/to/service.service}}
Activate a service with a specified port:,systemd-socket-activate {{path/to/socket.service}} {{[-l|--listen]}} {{8080}}
List all captured core dumps:,coredumpctl
List captured core dumps for a program:,coredumpctl list {{program}}
Show information about the core dumps matching a program with `PID`:,coredumpctl info {{PID}}
Invoke debugger using the last core dump:,coredumpctl debug
Invoke debugger using the last core dump of a program:,coredumpctl debug {{program}}
Extract the last core dump of a program to a file:,coredumpctl --output {{path/to/file}} dump {{program}}
Skip debuginfod and pagination prompts and then print the backtrace when using `gdb`:,"coredumpctl debug --debugger-arguments ""-iex 'set debuginfod enabled on' -iex 'set pagination off' -ex bt"""
Shutdown a virtual machine:,qm shutdown {{VM_ID}}
Shutdown a virtual machine after wait for at most 10 seconds:,qm shutdown --timeout {{10}} {{VM_ID}}
Shutdown a virtual machine and do not deactivate storage volumes:,qm shutdown --keepActive {{true}} {{VM_ID}}
Shutdown a virtual machine and skip lock (only root can use this option):,qm shutdown --skiplock {{true}} {{VM_ID}}
Stop and shutdown a virtual machine:,qm shutdown --forceStop {{true}} {{VM_ID}}
List partitions:,sudo fdisk {{[-l|--list]}}
Start the partition manipulator:,sudo fdisk {{/dev/sdX}}
"Once partitioning a disk, create a partition:",<n>
"Once partitioning a disk, select a partition to delete:",<d>
"Once partitioning a disk, view the partition table:",<p>
"Once partitioning a disk, write the changes made:",<w>
"Once partitioning a disk, discard the changes made:",<q>
"Once partitioning a disk, open a help menu:",<m>
Update repository indexes and upgrade all packages:,apk upgrade {{[-U|--update-cache]}}
Only update repository indexes:,apk update
Install a new package:,apk add {{package}}
Remove a package:,apk del {{package}}
Repair/Reinstall a package without modifying main dependencies:,apk fix {{package}}
Search for packages with a keyword in their name and list results with descriptions:,apk search {{[-v|--verbose]}} {{keyword}}
Search for packages with a keyword in their description:,apk search {{[-d|--description]}} {{keyword}}
Display information about a specific package:,apk info {{package}}
"Report I/O and transfer rate issued to physical devices, one per second (press `<Ctrl c>` to quit):",sar -b {{1}}
"Report a total of 10 network device statistics, one per 2 seconds:",sar -n DEV {{2}} {{10}}
"Report CPU utilization, one per 2 seconds:",sar -u ALL {{2}}
"Report a total of 20 memory utilization statistics, one per second:",sar -r ALL {{1}} {{20}}
"Report the run queue length and load averages, one per second:",sar -q {{1}}
"Report paging statistics, one per 5 seconds:",sar -B {{5}}
List all attachments in a file with a specific text encoding:,pdfdetach list -enc {{UTF-8}} {{path/to/input.pdf}}
Save specific embedded file by specifying its number:,pdfdetach -save {{number}} {{path/to/input.pdf}}
Save specific embedded file by specifying its name:,pdfdetach -savefile {{name}} {{path/to/input.pdf}}
Save the embedded file with a custom output filename:,pdfdetach -save {{number}} -o {{path/to/output}} {{path/to/input.pdf}}
Save the attachment from a file secured by owner/user password:,pdfdetach -save {{number}} {{-opw|-upw}} {{password}} {{path/to/input.pdf}}
Display an image:,cacaview {{path/to/image}}
Remove a user:,sudo deluser {{username}}
Remove a user and their home directory:,sudo deluser --remove-home {{username}}
"Remove a user and their home, but backup their files into a `.tar.gz` file in the specified directory:",sudo deluser --backup-to {{path/to/backup_directory}} --remove-home {{username}}
"Remove a user, and all files owned by them:",sudo deluser --remove-all-files {{username}}
Grow the root partition (/) to all available disk space:,systemd-repart
View changes without applying:,systemd-repart --dry-run yes
Grow root partition size to 10 gigabytes:,systemd-repart --size 10G --root /
Open the current directory in the default file explorer:,xdg-open .
Open a URL in the default browser:,xdg-open {{https://example.com}}
Open an image in the default image viewer:,xdg-open {{path/to/image}}
Open a PDF in the default PDF viewer:,xdg-open {{path/to/pdf}}
Display help:,xdg-open --help
Run a program in a read-only environment:,bwrap --ro-bind / / {{/bin/bash}}
"Give the environment access to devices, process information and create a `tmpfs` for it:",bwrap --dev-bind /dev /dev --proc /proc --ro-bind / / --tmpfs /tmp {{/bin/bash}}
Update the binary repository as final release step:,pkgctl db update
Display the man page for `fprintd`:,man fprintd
Show metadata in `default` name:,pw-metadata
Show metadata with ID 0 in `settings`:,pw-metadata {{[-n|--name]}} {{settings}} {{0}}
List all available metadata objects:,pw-metadata {{[-l|--list]}}
Keep running and log the changes to the metadata:,pw-metadata {{[-m|--monitor]}}
Delete all metadata:,pw-metadata {{[-d|--delete]}}
Set `log.level` to 1 in `settings`:,pw-metadata {{[-n|--name]}} {{settings}} {{0}} {{log.level}} {{1}}
Display help:,pw-metadata {{[-h|--help]}}
Edit action can be used to view any file on default mailcap explorer:,edit {{filename}}
With `run-mailcap`:,run-mailcap --action=edit {{filename}}
Enable the JSON extension for every SAPI of every PHP version:,sudo phpenmod {{json}}
Enable the JSON extension for PHP 7.3 with the cli SAPI:,sudo phpenmod -v {{7.3}} -s {{cli}} {{json}}
Replace the input file with its stripped version:,strip {{path/to/file}}
"Strip symbols from a file, saving the output to a specific file:",strip {{path/to/input_file}} -o {{path/to/output_file}}
Strip debug symbols only:,strip {{[-d|--strip-debug]}} {{path/to/file.o}}
Create a shared memory segment:,ipcmk --shmem {{segment_size_in_bytes}}
Create a semaphore:,ipcmk --semaphore {{element_size}}
Create a message queue:,ipcmk --queue
Create a shared memory segment with specific permissions (default is 0644):,ipcmk --shmem {{segment_size_in_bytes}} {{octal_permissions}}
Open an LXTerminal window:,lxterminal
"Open an LXTerminal window, run a command, and then exit:","lxterminal {{[-e|--command]}} ""{{command}}"""
Open an LXTerminal window with multiple tabs:,"lxterminal --tabs={{tab_name1,tab_name2,...}}"
Open an LXTerminal window with a specific title:,lxterminal --title={{title_name}}
Open an LXTerminal window with a specific working directory:,lxterminal --working-directory={{path/to/directory}}
Simulate typing text:,"wtype ""{{Hello World}}"""
Type a specific key:,wtype -k {{Left}}
Press a modifier:,wtype -M {{shift|ctrl|...}}
Release a modifier:,wtype -m {{ctrl}}
Wait between keystrokes (in milliseconds):,"wtype -d {{500}} -- ""{{text}}"""
Read text from `stdin`:,"echo ""{{text}}"" | wtype -"
Display traffic summary for all interfaces:,vnstat
Display traffic summary for a specific network interface:,vnstat {{[-i|--iface]}} {{network_interface}}
Display live stats for a specific network interface:,vnstat {{[-l|--live]}} {{[-i|--iface]}} {{network_interface}}
Show traffic statistics on an hourly basis for the last 24 hours using a bar graph:,vnstat {{[-hg|--hoursgraph]}}
Measure and show average traffic for 30 seconds:,vnstat {{[-tr|--traffic]}} {{30}}
Create a CPIO archive from the current directory:,create-image {{[-o|--output]}} {{path/to/output.cpio}}
Display help:,create-image {{[-h|--help]}}
List interfaces with detailed info:,ip {{[a|address]}}
List interfaces with brief network layer info:,ip {{[-br a|-brief address]}}
List interfaces with brief link layer info:,ip {{[-br l|-brief link]}}
Display the routing table:,ip {{[r|route]}}
Show neighbors (ARP table):,ip {{[n|neighbour]}}
Make an interface up/down:,sudo ip {{[l|link]}} {{[s|set]}} {{interface}} {{up|down}}
Add/Delete an IP address to an interface:,sudo ip {{[a|address]}} {{add|delete}} {{ip}}/{{mask}} dev {{interface}}
Add a default route:,sudo ip {{[r|route]}} {{[a|add]}} default via {{ip}} dev {{interface}}
Generate a cloudinit file for a specific configuration type:,qm cloudinit dump {{virtual_machine_id}} {{meta|network|user}}
Install a package:,dpkg {{[-i|--install]}} {{path/to/file.deb}}
Remove a package:,dpkg {{[-r|--remove]}} {{package}}
List installed packages:,dpkg {{[-l|--list]}} {{pattern}}
List a package's contents:,dpkg {{[-L|--listfiles]}} {{package}}
List contents of a local package file:,dpkg {{[-c|--contents]}} {{path/to/file.deb}}
Find out which package owns a file:,dpkg {{[-S|--search]}} {{path/to/file}}
"Purge an installed or already removed package, including configuration:",dpkg {{[-P|--purge]}} {{package}}
Get current setting:,ctrlaltdel
"Set CTRL+ALT+DEL to reboot immediately, without any preparation:",sudo ctrlaltdel hard
"Set CTRL+ALT+DEL to reboot ""normally"", giving processes a chance to exit first (send SIGINT to PID1):",sudo ctrlaltdel soft
Stop a virtual machine immediately:,qm stop {{VM_ID}}
Stop a virtual machine and wait for at most 10 seconds:,qm stop --timeout {{10}} {{VM_ID}}
Stop a virtual machine and skip lock (only root can use this option):,qm stop --skiplock {{true}} {{VM_ID}}
Stop a virtual machine and don't deactivate storage volumes:,qm stop --keepActive {{true}} {{VM_ID}}
Install a specific package:,sudo eopkg install {{package}}
Update all packages:,sudo eopkg upgrade
Search for packages:,sudo eopkg search {{search_term}}
Print all available information:,lsb_release {{[-a|--all]}}
Print a description (usually the full name) of the operating system:,lsb_release {{[-d|--description]}}
"Print only the operating system name (ID), suppressing the field name:",lsb_release {{[-is|--id --short]}}
"Print the release number and codename of the distribution, suppressing the field names:",lsb_release {{[-rcs|--release --codename --short]}}
Synchronize and update all packages:,aurman --sync --refresh --sysupgrade
Synchronize and update all packages without show changes of `PKGBUILD` files:,aurman --sync --refresh --sysupgrade --noedit
Install a new package:,aurman --sync {{package}}
Install a new package without show changes of `PKGBUILD` files:,aurman --sync --noedit {{package}}
Install a new package without prompting:,aurman --sync --noedit --noconfirm {{package}}
Search the package database for a keyword from the official repositories and AUR:,aurman --sync --search {{keyword}}
Remove a package and its dependencies:,aurman --remove --recursive --nosave {{package}}
Clear the package cache (use two `--clean` flags to clean all packages):,aurman --sync --clean
Wait until the virtual machine is stopped:,qm wait {{vm_id}}
Wait until the virtual machine is stopped with a 10 second timeout:,qm wait --timeout {{10}} {{vm_id}}
"Send a shutdown request, then wait until the virtual machine is stopped with a 10 second timeout:",qm shutdown {{vm_id}} && qm wait --timeout {{10}} {{vm_id}}
Select a region and print it to `stdout`:,slurp
"Select a region and print it to `stdout`, while displaying the dimensions of the selection:",slurp -d
Select a single point instead of a region:,slurp -p
Select an output and print its name:,slurp -o -f '%o'
"Select a specific region and take a borderless screenshot of it, using `grim`:","grim -g ""$(slurp -w 0)"""
"Select a specific region and take a borderless video of it, using `wf-recorder`:","wf-recorder --geometry ""$(slurp -w 0)"""
"View chains, rules, packet/byte counters and line numbers for the filter table:",sudo iptables {{[-vnL --line-numbers|--verbose --numeric --list --line-numbers]}}
Set chain policy rule:,sudo iptables {{[-P|--policy]}} {{chain}} {{rule}}
Append rule to chain policy for IP:,sudo iptables {{[-A|--append]}} {{chain}} {{[-s|--source]}} {{ip}} {{[-j|--jump]}} {{rule}}
Append rule to chain policy for IP considering protocol and port:,sudo iptables {{[-A|--append]}} {{chain}} {{[-s|--source]}} {{ip}} {{[-p|--protocol]}} {{tcp|udp|icmp|...}} --dport {{port}} {{[-j|--jump]}} {{rule}}
Add a NAT rule to translate all traffic from the `192.168.0.0/24` subnet to the host's public IP:,sudo iptables {{[-t|--table]}} {{nat}} {{[-A|--append]}} {{POSTROUTING}} {{[-s|--source]}} {{192.168.0.0/24}} {{[-j|--jump]}} {{MASQUERADE}}
Delete chain rule:,sudo iptables {{[-D|--delete]}} {{chain}} {{rule_line_number}}
Create a Debian stable release system inside the `debian-root` directory:,sudo debootstrap stable {{path/to/debian-root/}} http://deb.debian.org/debian
Create a minimal system including only required packages:,sudo debootstrap --variant=minbase stable {{path/to/debian-root/}}
Create an Ubuntu 20.04 system inside the `focal-root` directory with a local mirror:,sudo debootstrap focal {{path/to/focal-root/}} {{file:///path/to/mirror/}}
Switch to a bootstrapped system:,sudo chroot {{path/to/root}}
List available releases:,ls /usr/share/debootstrap/scripts/
List available licenses:,proctl {{-ll|-list-licenses}}
List available languages:,proctl {{-lL|-list-languages}}
Pick a license in a FZF menu:,proctl {{-pl|-pick-license}}
Pick a language in a FZF menu:,proctl {{-pL|-pick-language}}
Remove all licenses from the current project:,proctl {{-r|-remove-license}}
Create a new license template:,proctl {{-t|-new-template}}
Delete a license from templates:,proctl {{-R|-delete-license}} {{@license_name1 @license_name2 ...}}
Show this helpful list of commands:,proctl {{-h|-help}}
List pending updates for AUR packages:,checkupdates-aur
List pending updates for AUR packages in debug mode:,CHECKUPDATES_DEBUG=1 checkupdates-aur
Display help:,checkupdates-aur --help
Read a text file at a specific speed:,cat {{path/to/file.txt}} | speedread -wpm {{250}}
Resume from a specific line:,cat {{path/to/file.txt}} | speedread -resume {{5}}
Show multiple words at a time:,cat {{path/to/file.txt}} | speedread -multiword
Slow down by 10% during the reading session:,<[>
Speed up by 10% during the reading session:,<]>
"Pause, and show the last few lines as context:",<Space>
Add kernel boot arguments to all kernel menu entries:,sudo grubby --update-kernel=ALL --args '{{quiet console=ttyS0}}'
Remove existing arguments from the entry for the default kernel:,sudo grubby --update-kernel=DEFAULT --remove-args {{quiet}}
List all kernel menu entries:,sudo grubby --info=ALL
Update the list of available packages and versions (it's recommended to run this before other `apt-get` commands):,apt-get update
"Install a package, or update it to the latest available version:",apt-get install {{package}}
Remove a package:,apt-get remove {{package}}
Remove a package and its configuration files:,apt-get purge {{package}}
Upgrade all installed packages to their newest available versions:,apt-get upgrade
Clean the local repository - removing package files (`.deb`) from interrupted downloads that can no longer be downloaded:,apt-get autoclean
Remove all packages that are no longer needed:,apt-get autoremove
"Upgrade installed packages (like `upgrade`), but remove obsolete packages and install additional packages to meet new dependencies:",apt-get dist-upgrade
List all genres:,id3v2 --list-genres
List all tags of specific files:,id3v2 --list {{path/to/file1 path/to/file2 ...}}
Delete all `id3v2` or `id3v1` tags of specific files:,id3v2 {{--delete-v2|--delete-v1}} {{path/to/file1 path/to/file2 ...}}
Display help:,id3v2 --help
Display version:,id3v2 --version
Test the default speakers with pink noise:,speaker-test
Test the default speakers with a sine wave:,speaker-test {{[-t|--test]}} sine {{[-f|--frequency]}} {{frequency}}
Test the default speakers with a predefined WAV file:,speaker-test {{[-t|--test]}} wav
Test the default speakers with a WAV file:,speaker-test {{[-t|--test]}} wav {{[-w|--wavfile]}} {{path/to/file}}
View documentation for the original command:,tldr pacman deptest
Show pipe delimited cluster utilization data:,sreport {{[-p|--parsable]}} cluster utilization
Show number of jobs run:,sreport job sizes printjobcount
Show users with the highest CPU time use:,sreport user topuser
Apply settings (according to the actual power source):,sudo tlp start
Apply battery settings (ignoring the actual power source):,sudo tlp bat
Apply AC settings (ignoring the actual power source):,sudo tlp ac
Bind a raw character device to a block device:,raw /dev/raw/raw{{1}} {{/dev/block_device}}
Query an existing binding instead of setting a new one:,raw /dev/raw/raw{{1}}
Query all bound raw devices:,raw {{[-qa|--query --all]}}
Display system memory:,free
Display memory in Bytes/KB/MB/GB:,free -{{b|k|m|g}}
Display memory in human-readable units:,free {{[-h|--human]}}
Refresh the output every 2 seconds:,free {{[-s|--seconds]}} {{2}}
Enter the `bluetoothctl` shell:,bluetoothctl
List all known devices:,bluetoothctl devices
Power the Bluetooth controller on or off:,bluetoothctl power {{on|off}}
Pair with a device:,bluetoothctl pair {{mac_address}}
Remove a device:,bluetoothctl remove {{mac_address}}
Connect to a paired device:,bluetoothctl connect {{mac_address}}
Disconnect from a paired device:,bluetoothctl disconnect {{mac_address}}
Display help:,bluetoothctl help
Convert single images and/or whole directories containing valid image formats:,imgp {{[-x|--res]}} {{1366x1000}} {{path/to/directory}} {{path/to/file}}
Scale an image by 75% and overwrite the source image to a target resolution:,imgp {{[-x|--res]}} {{75}} z-w {{path/to/file}}
Rotate an image clockwise by 90 degrees:,imgp {{[-o|--rotate]}} {{90}} {{path/to/file}}
Scan for Bluetooth devices:,hcitool scan
"Output the name of a device, returning its MAC address:",hcitool name {{bdaddr}}
Fetch information about a remote Bluetooth device:,hcitool info {{bdaddr}}
Check the link quality to a Bluetooth device:,hcitool lq {{bdaddr}}
Modify the transmit power level:,hcitool tpl {{bdaddr}} {{0|1}}
Display the link policy:,hcitool lp
Request authentication with a specific device:,hcitool auth {{bdaddr}}
Display local devices:,hcitool dev
Reconfigure one or more packages:,dpkg-reconfigure {{package1 package2 ...}}
Execute a command without sharing access to connected networks:,unshare {{[-n|--net]}} {{command}} {{command_arguments}}
"Execute a command as a child process without sharing mounts, processes, or networks:",unshare {{[-m|--mount]}} {{[-i|--pid]}} {{[-n|--net]}} {{[-f|--fork]}} {{command}} {{command_arguments}}
Trim unused blocks on all mounted partitions that support it:,sudo fstrim {{[-a|--all]}}
Trim unused blocks on a specified partition:,sudo fstrim {{/}}
Display statistics after trimming:,sudo fstrim {{[-v|--verbose]}} {{/}}
List snapshots:,sudo timeshift --list
Create a new snapshot (if scheduled):,sudo timeshift --check
Create a new snapshot (even if not scheduled):,sudo timeshift --create
Restore a snapshot (selecting which snapshot to restore interactively):,sudo timeshift --restore
Restore a specific snapshot:,sudo timeshift --restore --snapshot '{{snapshot}}'
Delete a specific snapshot:,sudo timeshift --delete --snapshot '{{snapshot}}'
Start a machine as a service using `systemd-nspawn`:,sudo machinectl start {{machine_name}}
Stop a running machine:,sudo machinectl stop {{machine_name}}
Display a list of running machines:,machinectl list
Open an interactive shell inside the machine:,sudo machinectl shell {{machine_name}}
Report node rebooted when daemon restarted (Used for testing purposes):,slurmd -b
Run the daemon with the given nodename:,slurmd -N {{nodename}}
Write log messages to the specified file:,slurmd -L {{path/to/output_file}}
Read configuration from the specified file:,slurmd -f {{path/to/file}}
Display help:,slurmd -h
Disable the screensaver:,xset s off
Disable the bell sound:,xset b off
Set the screensaver to start after 60 minutes of inactivity:,xset s 3600 3600
Disable DPMS (Energy Star) features:,xset -dpms
Enable DPMS (Energy Star) features:,xset +dpms
Query information on any X server:,xset -display :{{0}} q
Show system information:,archey
Start a talk session with a user on the same machine:,talk {{username}}
"Start a talk session with a user on the same machine, who is logged in on tty3:",talk {{username}} {{tty3}}
Start a talk session with a user on a remote machine:,talk {{username}}@{{hostname}}
Clear text on both terminal screens:,<Ctrl d>
Exit the talk session:,<Ctrl c>
Change the terminal font:,setfont {{font}}.gz
Change the terminal font by specifying a path:,setfont /usr/share/kbd/{{mapping}}/{{font.ext}}
Double font size:,setfont {{[-d|--double]}}
Reset to the default font:,setfont
Display the `main` routing table:,ip {{[r|route]}}
Add a default route using gateway forwarding:,sudo ip {{[r|route]}} {{[a|add]}} default via {{gateway_ip}}
Add a default route using `eth0`:,sudo ip {{[r|route]}} {{[a|add]}} default dev {{eth0}}
Add a static route:,sudo ip {{[r|route]}} {{[a|add]}} {{destination_ip}} via {{gateway_ip}} dev {{eth0}}
Delete a static route:,sudo ip {{[r|route]}} {{[d|delete]}} {{destination_ip}} dev {{eth0}}
Change or replace a static route:,sudo ip {{[r|route]}} {{change|replace}} {{destination_ip}} via {{gateway_ip}} dev {{eth0}}
Show which route will be used by the kernel to reach an IP address:,ip {{[r|route]}} {{[g|get]}} {{destination_ip}}
Display a specific routing table:,ip {{[r|route]}} {{[l|list]}} {{[t|table]}} {{table_number}}
Open the current user home directory:,caja
Open specific directories in separate windows:,caja {{path/to/directory1 path/to/directory2 ...}}
Open specific directories in tabs:,caja --tabs {{path/to/directory1 path/to/directory2 ...}}
Open a directory with a specific window size:,caja --geometry={{600}}x{{400}} {{path/to/directory}}
Close all windows:,caja --quit
Show command-line for a specific virtual machine:,qm showcmd {{vm_id}}
Put each option on a new line to enhance human readability:,qm showcmd --pretty {{true}} {{vm_id}}
Fetch configuration values from a specific snapshot:,qm showcmd --snapshot {{string}} {{vm_id}}
List all file labelling rules:,sudo semanage fcontext {{[-l|--list]}}
List all user-defined file labelling rules without headings:,sudo semanage fcontext {{[-l|--list]}} {{[-C|--locallist]}} {{[-n|--noheading]}}
Add a user-defined rule that labels any path which matches a PCRE regex:,sudo semanage fcontext {{[-a|--add]}} {{[-t|--type]}} {{samba_share_t}} {{'/mnt/share(/.*)?'}}
Delete a user-defined rule using its PCRE regex:,sudo semanage fcontext {{[-d|--delete]}} {{'/mnt/share(/.*)?'}}
Relabel a directory recursively by applying the new rules:,restorecon -R -v {{path/to/directory}}
Probe a partition:,sudo linux-boot-prober {{/dev/sdXY}}
Set device to monitor mode (interface must be down first. See also `ip link`):,sudo iw dev {{wlp}} set type monitor
Set device to managed mode (interface must be down first):,sudo iw dev {{wlp}} set type managed
Set device WiFi channel (device must first be in monitor mode with the interface up):,sudo iw dev {{wlp}} set channel {{channel_number}}
Set device WiFi frequency in Mhz (device must first be in monitor mode with the interface up):,sudo iw dev {{wlp}} set freq {{freq_in_mhz}}
Show all known station info:,iw dev {{wlp}} station dump
Create a virtual interface in monitor mode with a specific MAC address:,"sudo iw dev {{wlp}} interface add ""{{vif_name}}"" type monitor addr {{12:34:56:aa:bb:cc}}"
Delete virtual interface:,"sudo iw dev ""{{vif_name}}"" del"
View keycodes in decimal:,sudo showkey
Display scancodes in hexadecimal:,sudo showkey {{[-s|--scancodes]}}
Display keycodes in decimal (default):,sudo showkey {{[-k|--keycodes]}}
"Display keycodes in ASCII, decimal, and hexadecimal:",sudo showkey {{[-a|--ascii]}}
Exit the program:,<Ctrl d>
Check the current kernel for LXC support:,lxc-checkconfig
Check any kernel for LXC support:,CONFIG={{/path/to/configuration}} lxc-checkconfig
"Discard all sectors on a device, removing all data:",blkdiscard {{/dev/device}}
"Securely discard all blocks on a device, removing all data:",blkdiscard {{[-s|--secure]}} {{/dev/device}}
Discard the first 100 MB of a device:,blkdiscard {{[-l|--length]}} {{100MB}} {{/dev/device}}
Display the search path used to find man pages:,manpath
Show the entire global manpath:,manpath {{[-g|--global]}}
View documentation for `cgclassify`:,tldr cgclassify
View documentation for `cgcreate`:,tldr cgcreate
View documentation for `cgexec`:,tldr cgexec
Display the value of a Portage-specific environment variable:,portageq envvar {{variable}}
Display a detailed list of repositories configured with Portage:,portageq repos_config /
Display a list of repositories sorted by priority (highest first):,portageq get_repos /
Display a specific piece of metadata about an atom (i.e. package name including the version):,portageq metadata / {{ebuild|porttree|binary|...}} {{category}}/{{package}} {{BDEPEND|DEFINED_PHASES|DEPEND|...}}
Show all TCP/UDP/RAW/UNIX sockets:,ss {{[-a|--all]}} {{-t|-u|-w|-x}}
"Filter TCP sockets by states, only/exclude:",ss {{state|exclude}} {{bucket|big|connected|synchronized|...}}
Show all TCP sockets connected to the local HTTPS port (443):,ss {{[-t|--tcp]}} src :{{443}}
Show all TCP sockets listening on the local 8080 port:,ss {{[-lt|--listening --tcp]}} src :{{8080}}
Show all TCP sockets along with processes connected to a remote SSH port:,ss {{[-pt|--processes --tcp]}} dst :{{ssh}}
Show all UDP sockets connected on specific source and destination ports:,ss {{[-u|--udp]}} 'sport == :{{source_port}} and dport == :{{destination_port}}'
Show all TCP IPv4 sockets locally connected on the subnet 192.168.0.0/16:,ss {{[-4t|--ipv4 --tcp]}} src {{192.168/16}}
Kill IPv4 or IPv6 Socket Connection with destination IP 192.168.1.17 and destination port 8080:,ss {{[-K|--kill]}} dst {{192.168.1.17}} dport = {{8080}}
Disable password expiration for the user:,sudo lchage --date -1 {{username}}
Display the password policy for the user:,sudo lchage --list {{username}}
Require password change for the user a certain number of days after the last password change:,sudo lchage --maxdays {{number_of_days}} {{username}}
Start warning the user a certain number of days before the password expires:,sudo lchage --warndays {{number_of_days}} {{username}}
Display information about a package:,dpkg-deb {{[-I|--info]}} {{path/to/file.deb}}
Display the package's name and version on one line:,dpkg-deb {{[-W|--show]}} {{path/to/file.deb}}
List the package's contents:,dpkg-deb {{[-c|--contents]}} {{path/to/file.deb}}
Extract package's contents into a directory:,dpkg-deb {{[-x|--extract]}} {{path/to/file.deb}} {{path/to/directory}}
Create a package from a specified directory:,dpkg-deb {{[-b|--build]}} {{path/to/directory}}
Convert a specific installation file to Debian format (`.deb` extension):,sudo alien --to-deb {{path/to/file}}
Convert a specific installation file to Red Hat format (`.rpm` extension):,sudo alien --to-rpm {{path/to/file}}
Convert a specific installation file to a Slackware installation file (`.tgz` extension):,sudo alien --to-tgz {{path/to/file}}
Convert a specific installation file to Debian format and install on the system:,sudo alien --to-deb --install {{path/to/file}}
Start `xrdb` in interactive mode:,xrdb
Load values (e.g. style rules) from a resource file:,xrdb -load {{~/.Xresources}}
Query the resource database and print currently set values:,xrdb -query
Change the line endings of a file:,unix2mac {{path/to/file}}
Create a copy with macOS-style line endings:,unix2mac {{[-n|--newfile]}} {{path/to/file}} {{path/to/new_file}}
Display file information:,unix2mac {{[-i|--info]}} {{path/to/file}}
Keep/add/remove Byte Order Mark:,unix2mac --{{keep-bom|add-bom|remove-bom}} {{path/to/file}}
Add kernel and initramfs images to bootloader partition:,sudo kernel-install add {{kernel-version}} {{kernel-image}} {{path/to/initrd-file ...}}
Remove kernel from the bootloader partition:,sudo kernel-install remove {{kernel-version}}
Show various paths and parameters that have been configured or auto-detected:,sudo kernel-install inspect {{kernel-image}}
Calculate the intersection between images and output an image where each pixel is the difference between corresponding pixels in input images:,diffimg {{path/to/input_image1.ext}} {{path/to/input_image2.ext}} {{path/to/output_image.ext}}
Start i7z (needs to be run in superuser mode):,sudo i7z
Extract an archive:,patool extract {{path/to/archive}}
Create an archive:,patool create {{/path/to/archive}} {{/path/to/file1}} {{/path/to/file2}} {{/path/to/dir1/}} {{/path/to/dir2/}}
List contents of an archive:,patool list {{path/to/archive}}
Compare the contents of two archives and display the differences in the standard output:,patool diff {{path/to/archive1}} {{path/to/archive2}}
Search for a string inside the contents of an archive:,patool search {{path/to/archive}}
Halt the system:,halt
Power off the system (same as `poweroff`):,halt {{[-p|--poweroff]}}
Reboot the system (same as `reboot`):,halt --reboot
Halt immediately without contacting the system manager:,halt {{[-f|--force]}}
Write the wtmp shutdown entry without halting the system:,halt {{[-w|--wtmp-only]}}
View documentation for the original command:,tldr lrztar
Open a new VPN connection:,sudo f5fpc --start
Open a new VPN connection to a specific host:,sudo f5fpc --start --host {{host.example.com}}
Specify a username (user will be prompted for a password):,sudo f5fpc --start --host {{host.example.com}} --username {{user}}
Show the current VPN status:,sudo f5fpc --info
Shutdown the VPN connection:,sudo f5fpc --stop
Notify the operating system kernel of partition table changes:,sudo partprobe
Notify the kernel of partition table changes and show a summary of devices and their partitions:,sudo partprobe {{[-s|--summary]}}
Show a summary of devices and their partitions but don't notify the kernel:,sudo partprobe {{[-s|--summary]}} {{[-d|--dry-run]}}
View documentation for the original command:,tldr iptables-save
Perform a dry run (print what would be done without actually doing it):,mkinitcpio
Generate ramdisk environments based on all existing presets (used to regenerate all the initramfs images after a change in `/etc/mkinitcpio.conf`):,sudo mkinitcpio {{[-P|--allpresets]}}
Generate a ramdisk environment based on the `linux` preset:,sudo mkinitcpio {{[-p|--preset]}} {{linux}}
Generate a ramdisk environment based on the `linux-lts` preset:,sudo mkinitcpio {{[-p|--preset]}} {{linux-lts}}
Generate an initramfs image using an alternative configuration file:,sudo mkinitcpio {{[-c|--config]}} {{path/to/mkinitcpio.conf}} {{[-g|--generate]}} {{path/to/initramfs.img}}
Generate an initramfs image for a kernel other than the one currently running (the installed kernel releases can be found in `/usr/lib/modules/`):,sudo mkinitcpio {{[-k|--kernel]}} {{kernel_version}} {{[-g|--generate]}} {{path/to/initramfs.img}}
List all available hooks:,mkinitcpio {{[-L|--listhooks]}}
Display help for a specific hook:,mkinitcpio {{[-H|--hookhelp]}} {{hook_name}}
List all the suboptions for a specific option:,virt-xml --{{option}}=?
"List all the suboptions for disk, network, and boot:",virt-xml --disk=? --network=? --boot=?
Edit a value for a specific domain:,virt-xml {{domain}} --edit --{{option}} {{suboption}}={{new_value}}
Change the description for a specific domain:,"virt-xml {{domain}} --edit --metadata description=""{{new_description}}"""
Enable/Disable the boot device menu for a specific domain:,virt-xml {{domain}} --edit --boot bootmenu={{on|off}}
Attach host USB hub to a running VM (See: `tldr lsusb`):,virt-xml {{domain}} --update --add-device --hostdev {{bus}}.{{device}}
View documentation for the original command:,tldr mkfs.fat
Find which processes are accessing a file or directory:,fuser {{path/to/file_or_directory}}
"Show more fields (`USER`, `PID`, `ACCESS` and `COMMAND`):",fuser --verbose {{path/to/file_or_directory}}
Identify processes using a TCP socket:,fuser --namespace tcp {{port}}
Kill all processes accessing a file or directory (sends the `SIGKILL` signal):,fuser --kill {{path/to/file_or_directory}}
Find which processes are accessing the filesystem containing a specific file or directory:,fuser --mount {{path/to/file_or_directory}}
Kill all processes with a TCP connection on a specific port:,fuser --kill {{port}}/tcp
Report a bug about the whole system:,apport-bug
Report a bug about a specific package:,apport-bug {{package}}
Report a bug about a specific executable:,apport-bug {{path/to/executable}}
Report a bug about a specific process:,apport-bug {{PID}}
Check how many free blocks are present as contiguous and aligned free space:,e2freefrag {{/dev/sdXN}}
Specify chunk size in kilobytes to print how many free chunks are available:,e2freefrag -c {{chunk_size_in_kb}} {{/dev/sdXN}}
Serve HTTP requests to a specific port instead of port `9090`:,cockpit-tls --port {{port}}
Display help:,cockpit-tls --help
Execute a specific command via a guest agent:,qm guest exec {{vm_id}} {{command}} {{argument1 argument2 ...}}
Execute a specific command via a guest agent asynchronously:,qm guest exec {{vm_id}} {{argument1 argument2 ...}} --synchronous 0
Execute a specific command via a guest agent with a specified timeout of 10 seconds:,qm guest exec {{vm_id}} {{argument1 argument2...}} --timeout {{10}}
Execute a specific command via a guest agent and forward input from `stdin` until EOF to the guest agent:,qm guest exec {{vm_id}} {{argument1 argument2 ...}} --pass-stdin 1
Show the bandwidth usage:,sudo iftop
Show the bandwidth usage of a given interface:,sudo iftop -i {{interface}}
Show the bandwidth usage with port information:,sudo iftop -P
Do not show bar graphs of traffic:,sudo iftop -b
Do not look up hostnames:,sudo iftop -n
Display help:,<?>
List active global USE flags:,euse --active --global
List active local USE flags:,euse --active --local
Enable a global USE flag:,sudo euse --enable {{use_flag}}
Disable a global USE flag (put a '-' sign in front of the USE flag):,sudo euse --disable {{use_flag}}
Remove a global USE flag:,sudo euse --prune {{use_flag}}
Display a summary of the top 10 historical uptime records:,uprecords
Display the top 25 records:,uprecords -m {{25}}
Display the downtime between reboots instead of the kernel version:,uprecords -d
Show the most recent reboots:,uprecords -B
Don't truncate information:,uprecords -w
Run a command with a file lock as soon as the lock is not required by others:,"flock {{path/to/lock.lock}} {{[-c|--command]}} ""{{command}}"""
"Run a command with a file lock, and exit if the lock doesn't exist:","flock {{path/to/lock.lock}} {{[-n|--nonblock]}} {{[-c|--command]}} ""{{command}}"""
"Run a command with a file lock, and exit with a specific error code if the lock doesn't exist:","flock {{path/to/lock.lock}} {{[-n|--nonblock]}} {{[-E|--conflict-exit-code]}} {{error_code}} {{[-c|--command]}} ""{{command}}"""
Set the max number of counts before a filesystem is checked to 2:,tune2fs -c 2 {{/dev/sdXN}}
Set the filesystem label to MY_LABEL:,tune2fs -L 'MY_LABEL' {{/dev/sdXN}}
Enable discard and user-specified extended attributes for a filesystem:,"tune2fs -o {{discard,user_xattr}} {{/dev/sdXN}}"
Enable journaling for a filesystem:,tune2fs -o ^{{nobarrier}} {{/dev/sdXN}}
Convert an SVG file (should be an absolute path) to PNG:,ksvgtopng5 {{width}} {{height}} {{path/to/file.svg}} {{output_filename.png}}
"Build and switch to the new configuration, making it the boot default:",sudo nixos-rebuild switch
"Build and switch to the new configuration, making it the boot default and naming the boot entry:",sudo nixos-rebuild switch {{[-p|--profile-name]}} {{name}}
"Build and switch to the new configuration, making it the boot default and installing updates:",sudo nixos-rebuild switch --upgrade
"Rollback changes to the configuration, switching to the previous generation:",sudo nixos-rebuild switch --rollback
Build the new configuration and make it the boot default without switching to it:,sudo nixos-rebuild boot
"Build and activate the new configuration, but don't make a boot entry (for testing purposes):",sudo nixos-rebuild test
Build the configuration and open it in a virtual machine:,sudo nixos-rebuild build-vm
List available generations similar to the boot loader menu:,nixos-rebuild list-generations
Rescan all storages and update disk sizes and unused disk images of a specific virtual machine:,qm rescan {{vm_id}}
Perform a dry-run of rescan on a specific virtual machine and do not write any changes to configurations:,qm rescan --dryrun {{true}} {{vm_id}}
Delete an existing group:,sudo groupdel {{group_name}}
Set name of attribute for file:,setfattr {{[-n|--name]}} user.{{attribute_name}} {{path/to/file}}
Set a user-defined value of an extended attribute on a file:,"setfattr {{[-n|--name]}} user.{{attribute_name}} {{[-v|--value]}} ""{{value}}"" {{path/to/file}}"
Remove a specific attribute of a file:,setfattr {{[-x|--remove]}} user.{{attribute_name}} {{path/to/file}}
Get a running process' CPU affinity by PID:,taskset {{[-p|--pid]}} {{[-c|--cpu-list]}} {{pid}}
Set a running process' CPU affinity by PID:,taskset {{[-p|--pid]}} {{[-c|--cpu-list]}} {{cpu_id}} {{pid}}
Start a new process with affinity for a single CPU:,taskset {{[-c|--cpu-list]}} {{cpu_id}} {{command}}
Start a new process with affinity for multiple non-sequential CPUs:,"taskset {{[-c|--cpu-list]}} {{cpu_id_1}},{{cpu_id_2}},{{cpu_id_3}}"
Start a new process with affinity for CPUs 1 through 4:,taskset {{[-c|--cpu-list]}} {{cpu_id_1}}-{{cpu_id_4}}
Get a standard overview of your usual disks:,dysk
Sort by free size:,dysk {{[-s|--sort]}} free
Include only HDD disks:,dysk {{[-f|--filter]}} 'disk = HDD'
Exclude SSD disks:,dysk {{[-f|--filter]}} 'disk <> SSD'
Display disks with high utilization or low free space:,dysk {{[-f|--filter]}} 'use > 65% | free < 50G'
Print memory map for a specific process ID (PID):,pmap {{pid}}
Show the extended format:,pmap --extended {{pid}}
Show the device format:,pmap --device {{pid}}
Limit results to a memory address range specified by `low` and `high`:,"pmap --range {{low}},{{high}}"
Print memory maps for multiple processes:,pmap {{pid1 pid2 ...}}
Install local `.deb` packages resolving and installing its dependencies:,gdebi {{path/to/package.deb}}
Do not show progress information:,gdebi {{path/to/package.deb}} --quiet
Set an APT configuration option:,gdebi {{path/to/package.deb}} --option={{APT_OPTS}}
Use alternative root dir:,gdebi {{path/to/package.deb}} --root={{path/to/root_dir}}
Display version:,gdebi --version
View documentation for managing package managers:,tldr apx pkgmanagers
View documentation for managing stacks:,tldr apx stacks
View documentation for managing subsystems:,tldr apx subsystems
List available global themes:,plasma-apply-lookandfeel --list
Apply a global theme:,plasma-apply-lookandfeel --apply {{org.example.theme.desktop}}
Operate `plasma-apply-lookandfeel` without a display server:,plasma-apply-lookandfeel --platform offscreen
Display help:,plasma-apply-lookandfeel --help
Mount a device below `/media/` (using device as mount point):,pmount {{/dev/to/block/device}}
Mount a device with a specific filesystem type to `/media/label`:,pmount {{[-t|--type]}} {{filesystem}} {{/dev/to/block/device}} {{label}}
Mount a CD-ROM (filesystem type ISO9660) in read-only mode:,pmount {{[-t|--type]}} iso9660 {{[-r|--read-only]}} {{/dev/cdrom}}
"Mount an NTFS-formatted disk, forcing read-write access:",pmount {{[-t|--type]}} ntfs {{[-w|--read-write]}} {{/dev/sdX}}
Display all mounted removable devices:,pmount
Launch the GNOME Software GUI if it's not already running:,gnome-software
"Launch the GNOME Software GUI if it's not open, and navigate to the specified page:",gnome-software --mode {{updates|updated|installed|overview}}
Launch the GNOME Software GUI if it's not open and view the details of the specified package:,gnome-software --details {{package}}
Display the version:,gnome-software --version
Remove all fingerprints for a specific user:,fprintd-delete {{username}}
Remove a specific fingerprints for a specific user:,fprintd-delete {{username}} {{[-f|--finger]}} {{left-thumb|left-index-finger|left-middle-finger|left-ring-finger|left-little-finger|right-thumb|...}}
Display help:,fprintd-delete
Resolve a hostname to an IP address:,resolveip {{example.org}}
Resolve an IP address to a hostname:,resolveip {{1.1.1.1}}
Resolve a hostname to an IP address with less output:,resolveip {{[-s|--silent]}} {{example.org}}
Display the OOM-killer score of the process with a specific ID:,choom {{[-p|--pid]}} {{pid}}
Change the adjust OOM-killer score of a specific process:,choom {{[-p|--pid]}} {{pid}} {{[-n|--adjust]}} {{-1000..+1000}}
Run a command with a specific adjust OOM-killer score:,choom {{[-n|--adjust]}} {{-1000..+1000}} {{command}} {{argument1 argument2 ...}}
Create a block device:,sudo mknod {{path/to/device_file}} b {{major_device_number}} {{minor_device_number}}
Create a character device:,sudo mknod {{path/to/device_file}} c {{major_device_number}} {{minor_device_number}}
Create a FIFO (queue) device:,sudo mknod {{path/to/device_file}} p
Create a device file with default SELinux security context:,sudo mknod {{[-Z |--context=]}}{{path/to/device_file}} {{type}} {{major_device_number}} {{minor_device_number}}
Individual actions/programs on run-mailcap can be invoked with action flag:,run-mailcap --action=ACTION [--option[=value]]
In simple language:,run-mailcap --action=ACTION {{filename}}
Turn on extra information:,run-mailcap --action=ACTION --debug {{filename}}
"Ignore any ""copiousoutput"" directive and forward output to `stdout`:",run-mailcap --action=ACTION --nopager {{filename}}
Display the found command without actually executing it:,run-mailcap --action=ACTION --norun {{filename}}
Start a transient service:,sudo systemd-run {{command}} {{argument1 argument2 ...}}
Start a transient service under the service manager of the current user (no privileges):,systemd-run --user {{command}} {{argument1 argument2 ...}}
Start a transient service with a custom unit name and description:,sudo systemd-run {{[-u|--unit]}} {{name}} --description {{string}} {{command}} {{argument1 argument2 ...}}
Start a transient service that does not get cleaned up after it terminates with a custom environment variable:,sudo systemd-run {{[-r|--remain-after-exit]}} --set-env={{name}}={{value}} {{command}} {{argument1 argument2 ...}}
Start a transient timer that periodically runs its transient service (see `man systemd.time` for calendar event format):,sudo systemd-run --on-calendar={{calendar_event}} {{command}} {{argument1 argument2 ...}}
Share the terminal with the program (allowing interactive input/output) and make sure the execution details remain after the program exits:,systemd-run {{[-r|--remain-after-exit]}} --pty {{command}}
"Set properties (e.g. CPUQuota, MemoryMax) of the process and wait until it exits:",systemd-run {{[-p|--property]}} MemoryMax={{memory_in_bytes}} {{[-p|--property]}} CPUQuota={{percentage_of_CPU_time}}% --wait {{command}}
Use the program in a shell pipeline:,{{command1}} | systemd-run {{[-P|--pipe]}} {{command2}} | {{command3}}
Show high-level information about disk drives and block devices:,udisksctl status
Show detailed information about a device:,udisksctl info {{[-b|--block-device]}} {{/dev/sdX}}
Show detailed information about a device partition:,udisksctl info {{[-b|--block-device]}} {{/dev/sdXN}}
Mount a device partition and prints the mount point:,udisksctl mount {{[-b|--block-device]}} {{/dev/sdXN}}
Unmount a device partition:,udisksctl unmount {{[-b|--block-device]}} {{/dev/sdXN}}
Power off a device to safely remove it:,udisksctl power-off {{[-b|--block-device]}} {{/dev/sdX}}
Monitor the daemon for events:,udisksctl monitor
List all the available Wacom devices. The device name is in the first column:,xsetwacom list
Set Wacom area to specific screen. Get name of the screen with `xrandr`:,"xsetwacom set ""{{device_name}}"" MapToOutput {{screen}}"
Set mode to relative (like a mouse) or absolute (like a pen) mode:,"xsetwacom set ""{{device_name}}"" Mode ""{{Relative|Absolute}}"""
"Rotate the input (useful for tablet-PC when rotating screen) by 0|90|180|270 degrees from ""natural"" rotation:","xsetwacom set ""{{device_name}}"" Rotate {{none|half|cw|ccw}}"
Set button to only work when the tip of the pen is touching the tablet:,"xsetwacom set ""{{device_name}}"" TabletPCButton ""on"""
View documentation for the original command:,tldr qm disk move
Start and enable the `keyd` service:,systemctl enable keyd --now
Display keypress information:,sudo keyd monitor
Reset bindings and reload the configuration files in `/etc/keyd`:,sudo keyd reload
List all valid key names:,keyd list-keys
Create a temporary binding:,"sudo keyd bind ""{{pressed_key}} = {{output_key}}"
View documentation for the original command:,tldr megatools-dl
Install a local software package:,pkgadd {{package}}
Update an already installed package from a local package:,pkgadd -u {{package}}
Initialize a running toolbox:,toolbox init-container --gid {{gid}} --home {{home}} --home-link --media-link --mnt-link --monitor-host --shell {{shell}} --uid {{uid}} --user {{user}}
Create a shadow directory in the current directory:,lndir {{path/to/directory}}
Install BetterDiscord on Discord Stable:,sudo betterdiscordctl install
Install BetterDiscord on Discord Canary:,sudo betterdiscordctl --d-flavors canary install
Install BetterDiscord on Discord PTB:,sudo betterdiscordctl --d-flavors ptb install
Install BetterDiscord on Discord installed with Flatpak:,sudo betterdiscordctl --d-install flatpak install
Install BetterDiscord on Discord installed with Snap:,sudo betterdiscordctl --d-install snap install
Open a new window of the default browser:,sensible-browser
Open a URL in the default browser:,sensible-browser {{url}}
Print (trace) library calls of a program binary:,ltrace ./{{program}}
Count library calls. Print a handy summary at the bottom:,ltrace -c {{path/to/program}}
"Trace calls to malloc and free, omit those done by libc:",ltrace -e malloc+free-@libc.so* {{path/to/program}}
Write to file instead of terminal:,ltrace {{[-o|--output]}} {{file}} {{path/to/program}}
List loop devices with detailed info:,losetup {{[-a|--all]}}
Attach a file to a given loop device:,sudo losetup {{/dev/loop}} /{{path/to/file}}
Attach a file to a new free loop device and scan the device for partitions:,sudo losetup --show {{[-P|--partscan]}} {{[-f|--find]}} /{{path/to/file}}
Attach a file to a read-only loop device:,sudo losetup {{[-r|--read-only]}} {{/dev/loop}} /{{path/to/file}}
Detach all loop devices:,sudo losetup {{[-D|--detach-all]}}
Detach a given loop device:,sudo losetup {{[-d|--detach]}} {{/dev/loop}}
List Slurm share information:,sshare
Control the output format:,sshare --{{parsable|parsable2|json|yaml}}
Control the fields to display:,sshare {{[-o|--format]}} {{format_string}}
Display information for the specified users only:,"sshare {{[-u|--users]}} {{user_id_1,user_id_2,...}}"
Repair a partition:,sudo xfs_repair {{path/to/partition}}
Compile and print all firewall rules:,pve-firewall compile
Show information about the local network:,pve-firewall localnet
Restart the Proxmox VE Firewall service:,pve-firewall restart
Start the Proxmox VE Firewall service:,pve-firewall start
Stop the Proxmox VE Firewall service:,pve-firewall stop
Simulate all firewall rules:,pve-firewall simulate
Show the status of Proxmox VE Firewall:,pve-firewall status
Disable a module:,sudo a2dismod {{module}}
Don't show informative messages:,sudo a2dismod --quiet {{module}}
Defragment the filesystem:,e4defrag {{/dev/sdXN}}
See how fragmented a filesystem is:,e4defrag -c {{/dev/sdXN}}
Print errors and the fragmentation count before and after each file:,e4defrag -v {{/dev/sdXN}}
Show the current secure boot status:,sbctl status
"Create custom secure boot keys (by default, everything is stored in `/var/lib/sbctl`):",sbctl create-keys
Enroll the custom secure boot keys and Microsoft's UEFI vendor certificates:,sbctl enroll-keys --microsoft
Automatically run `create-keys` and `enroll-keys` based on the settings in `/etc/sbctl/sbctl.conf`:,sbctl setup --setup
Sign an EFI binary with the created key and save the file to the database:,sbctl sign {{[-s|--save]}} {{path/to/efi_binary}}
Re-sign all the saved files:,sbctl sign-all
Verify that all EFI executables on the EFI system partition have been signed:,sbctl verify
View a file:,pg {{path/to/file}}
Display help:,pg {{[-h|--help]}}
List running containers:,sudo nixos-container list
Create a NixOS container with a specific configuration file:,sudo nixos-container create {{container_name}} --config-file {{nix_config_file_path}}
"Start, stop, terminate, or destroy a specific container:",sudo nixos-container {{start|stop|terminate|destroy|status}} {{container_name}}
Run a command in a running container:,sudo nixos-container run {{container_name}} -- {{command}} {{command_arguments}}
Update a container configuration:,sudo $EDITOR /var/lib/container/{{container_name}}/etc/nixos/configuration.nix && sudo nixos-container update {{container_name}}
Enter an interactive shell session on an already-running container:,sudo nixos-container root-login {{container_name}}
Display information about physical volumes:,pvs
Display non-physical volumes:,pvs {{[-a|--all]}}
Change default display to show more details:,pvs {{[-v|--verbose]}}
Display only specific fields:,"pvs {{[-o|--options]}} {{field_name_1}},{{field_name_2}}"
Append field to default display:,pvs {{[-o|--options]}} +{{field_name}}
Suppress heading line:,pvs --noheadings
Use separator to separate fields:,pvs --separator {{special_character}}
Connect using the specified username or `$USER` by default (you will be prompted for a password):,mount.cifs -o user={{username}} //{{server}}/{{share_name}} {{mountpoint}}
Connect as the guest user (without a password):,mount.cifs -o guest //{{server}}/{{share_name}} {{mountpoint}}
Set ownership information for the mounted directory:,"mount.cifs -o uid={{user_id|username}},gid={{group_id|groupname}} //{{server}}/{{share_name}} {{mountpoint}}"
Use a command's output as input of the clipboard (equivalent to `<Ctrl c>`):,echo 123 | xsel {{[-ib|--input --clipboard]}}
Use the contents of a file as input of the clipboard:,cat {{path/to/file}} | xsel {{[-ib|--input --clipboard]}}
Output the clipboard's contents into the terminal (equivalent to `<Ctrl v>`):,xsel {{[-ob|--output --clipboard]}}
Output the clipboard's contents into a file:,xsel {{[-ob|--output --clipboard]}} > {{path/to/file}}
Clear the clipboard:,xsel {{[-cb|--clear --clipboard]}}
Output the X11 primary selection's contents into the terminal (equivalent to a mouse `<MiddleClick>`):,xsel {{[-op|--output --primary]}}
Start the `atd` daemon:,systemctl start atd
Create commands interactively and execute them in 5 minutes (press `<Ctrl d>` when done):,at now + 5 minutes
Create commands interactively and execute them at a specific time:,at {{hh:mm}}
Execute a command from `stdin` at 10:00 AM today:,"echo ""{{command}}"" | at 1000"
Execute commands from a given file next Tuesday:,at -f {{path/to/file}} 9:30 PM Tue
List all queued jobs for the current user (same as `atq`):,at -l
View a specied job:,at -c {{job_number}}
Display executable invocations per user (username not displayed):,sudo sa
"Display executable invocations per user, showing responsible usernames:",sudo sa --print-users
List resources used recently per user:,sudo sa --user-summary
Run a specific command using the same namespaces as an existing process:,nsenter {{[-t|--target]}} {{pid}} {{[-a|--all]}} {{command}} {{command_arguments}}
Run a specific command in an existing process's mount|UTS|IPC|network|PID|user|cgroup|time namespace:,nsenter {{[-t|--target]}} {{pid}} --{{mount|uts|ipc|net|pid|user|cgroup}} {{command}} {{command_arguments}}
"Run a specific command in an existing process's UTS, time, and IPC namespaces:",nsenter {{[-t|--target]}} {{pid}} {{[-u|--uts]}} {{[-T|--time]}} {{[-i|--ipc]}} -- {{command}} {{command_arguments}}
Run a specific command in an existing process's namespace by referencing procfs:,nsenter {{[-p|--pid=]}}/proc/{{pid}}/pid/net -- {{command}} {{command_arguments}}
List detectable virtualization technologies:,systemd-detect-virt --list
"Detect virtualization, print the result and return a zero status code when running in a VM or a container, and a non-zero code otherwise:",systemd-detect-virt
Silently check without printing anything:,systemd-detect-virt {{[-q|--quiet]}}
Only detect container virtualization:,systemd-detect-virt {{[-c|--container]}}
Only detect hardware virtualization:,systemd-detect-virt {{[-v|--vm]}}
Send a file or directories:,qrcp send {{path/to/file_or_directory path/to/file_directory ...}}
Receive files:,qrcp receive
Compress content before transferring:,qrcp send --zip {{path/to/file_or_directory}}
Use a specific port:,qrcp {{send|receive}} {{[-p|--port]}} {{port_number}}
Use a specific network interface:,qrcp {{send|receive}} {{[-i|--interface]}} {{interface}}
Keep the server alive:,qrcp {{send|receive}} --keep-alive
List all `toolbox` containers and images:,toolbox list
List only `toolbox` containers:,toolbox list {{[-c|--containers]}}
List only `toolbox` images:,toolbox list {{[-i|--images]}}
Show all recognized EXIF information in an image:,exif {{path/to/image.jpg}}
Show a table listing known EXIF tags and whether each one exists in an image:,exif {{[-l|--list-tags]}} --no-fixup {{path/to/image.jpg}}
Extract the image thumbnail into a separate file:,exif {{[-e|--extract-thumbnail]}} {{[-o|--output]}} {{path/to/thumbnail.jpg}} {{path/to/image.jpg}}
"Show the raw contents of the ""Model"" tag in the given image:","exif --ifd {{0}} {{[-t|--tag]}} ""Model"" {{[-m|--machine-readable]}} {{path/to/image.jpg}}"
"Change the value of the ""Artist"" tag to John Smith and save to `new.jpg`:","exif {{[-o|--output]}} {{path/to/new.jpg}} --ifd {{0}} {{[-t|--tag]}} ""Artist"" --set-value ""John Smith"" --no-fixup {{path/to/image.jpg}}"
Capture a 10 second video:,rpicam-vid {{[-t|--timeout]}} 10000 {{[-o|--output]}} {{path/to/file.h264}}
Run a command on node 0 with memory allocated on node 0 and 1:,"numactl --cpunodebind={{0}} --membind={{0,1}} -- {{command}} {{command_arguments}}"
Run a command on CPUs (cores) 0-4 and 8-12 of the current cpuset:,"numactl --physcpubind={{+0-4,8-12}} -- {{command}} {{command_arguments}}"
Run a command with its memory interleaved on all CPUs:,numactl --interleave={{all}} -- {{command}} {{command_arguments}}
Replace a search string with a replacement string in filenames:,rnm -ss {{old}} -rs {{new}} {{path/to/directory}}
Use a fixed (literal) search and replace string instead of regex:,rnm -ssf {{old}} -rs {{new}} {{path/to/files}}
Add an auto-incremented index to filenames starting from 1:,rnm -i 1 -inc 1 -rs {{_}} {{path/to/files}}
Rename files using a list of new names from a text file:,rnm -ns/f {{path/to/names.txt}} {{path/to/files}}
Rename only files (ignoring directories and links):,rnm -fo -ss {{pattern}} -rs {{replacement}} {{path/to/files}}
Sort input files by modification time before renaming:,rnm -s/mt -ss {{pattern}} -rs {{replacement}} {{path/to/files}}
Run a simulation without making actual changes:,rnm -sim -ss {{pattern}} -rs {{replacement}} {{path/to/files}}
Undo the last renaming operation:,rnm -u
Create an ISO image from the given source directory:,genisoimage -o {{myimage.iso}} {{path/to/source_directory}}
Create an ISO image with files larger than 2GiB by reporting a smaller apparent size for ISO9660 filesystems:,genisoimage -o -allow-limited-size {{myimage.iso}} {{path/to/source_directory}}
Automatically detect and remove the margin for each page in a PDF file:,pdfcrop {{path/to/input_file.pdf}} {{path/to/output_file.pdf}}
Set the margins of each page to a specific value:,pdfcrop {{path/to/input_file.pdf}} --margins '{{left}} {{top}} {{right}} {{bottom}}' {{path/to/output_file.pdf}}
"Set the margins of each page to a specific value, using the same value for left, top, right and bottom:",pdfcrop {{path/to/input_file.pdf}} --margins {{300}} {{path/to/output_file.pdf}}
Use a user-defined bounding box for cropping instead of automatically detecting it:,pdfcrop {{path/to/input_file.pdf}} --bbox '{{left}} {{top}} {{right}} {{bottom}}' {{path/to/output_file.pdf}}
Use different user-defined bounding boxes for odd and even pages:,pdfcrop {{path/to/input_file.pdf}} --bbox-odd '{{left}} {{top}} {{right}} {{bottom}}' --bbox-even '{{left}} {{top}} {{right}} {{bottom}}' {{path/to/output_file.pdf}}
Automatically detect margins using a lower resolution for improved performance:,pdfcrop {{path/to/input_file.pdf}} --resolution {{72}} {{path/to/output_file.pdf}}
List partitions on all block devices:,sudo parted {{[-l|--list]}}
Create a new partition table of the specified label-type:,sudo parted {{/dev/sdX}} {{[-s|--script]}} mklabel {{aix|amiga|bsd|dvh|gpt|loop|mac|msdos|pc98|sun}}
Create a new `gpt` partition table with a 500MiB boot partition and give the rest for the system partition:,sudo parted {{/dev/sdX}} {{[-s|--script]}} mklabel gpt mkpart primary 0% 500MiB mkpart primary 500MiB 100%
Start interactive mode with the specified disk selected:,sudo parted {{/dev/sdX}}
Display help:,parted {{[-h|--help]}}
Create a fat filesystem inside partition `Y` on device `X`:,mkfs.fat {{/dev/sdXY}}
Create filesystem with a volume-name:,mkfs.fat -n {{volume_name}} {{/dev/sdXY}}
Create filesystem with a volume-id:,mkfs.fat -i {{volume_id}} {{/dev/sdXY}}
Use 5 instead of 2 file allocation tables:,mkfs.fat -f 5 {{/dev/sdXY}}
Display system cracking speed:,pyrit benchmark
List available cores:,pyrit list_cores
Set [e]SSID:,"pyrit -e ""{{ESSID}}"" create_essid"
[r]ead and analyze a specific packet capture file:,pyrit -r {{path/to/file.cap|path/to/file.pcap}} analyze
Read and [i]mport passwords to the current database:,pyrit -i {{path/to/file}} {{import_unique_passwords|unique_passwords|import_passwords}}
Exp[o]rt passwords from database to a specific file:,pyrit -o {{path/to/file}} export_passwords
Translate passwords with Pired Master Keys:,pyrit batch
[r]ead the capture file and crack the password:,pyrit -r {{path/to/file}} attack_db
Display attributes of a process:,chrt {{[-p|--pid]}} {{PID}}
Display attributes of all threads of a process:,chrt {{[-a|--all-tasks]}} {{[-p|--pid]}} {{PID}}
Display the min/max priority values that can be used with `chrt`:,chrt {{[-m|--max]}}
Set the scheduling priority of a process:,chrt {{[-p|--pid]}} {{priority}} {{PID}}
Set the scheduling policy of a process:,chrt --{{deadline|idle|batch|rr|fifo|other}} {{[-p|--pid]}} {{priority}} {{PID}}
Train the bayesian filter to recognise an email as spam:,rspamc learn_spam {{path/to/email_file}}
Train the bayesian filter to recognise an email as ham:,rspamc learn_ham {{path/to/email_file}}
Generate a manual report on an email:,rspamc symbols {{path/to/email_file}}
Show server statistics:,rspamc stat
Synchronize and set date and time:,sudo ntpdate {{host}}
Query the host without setting the time:,ntpdate -q {{host}}
Use an unprivileged port in case a firewall is blocking privileged ports:,sudo ntpdate -u {{host}}
Force time to be stepped using `settimeofday` instead of `slewed`:,sudo ntpdate -b {{host}}
Display system information:,raspinfo
Limit an existing process with PID 1234 to only use 25% of the CPU:,cpulimit --pid {{1234}} --limit {{25%}}
Limit an existing program by its executable name:,cpulimit --exe {{program}} --limit {{25}}
Launch a given program and limit it to only use 50% of the CPU:,cpulimit --limit {{50}} -- {{program argument1 argument2 ...}}
"Launch a program, limit its CPU usage to 50% and run cpulimit in the background:",cpulimit --limit {{50}} --background -- {{program}}
Kill its process if the program's CPU usage goes over 50%:,cpulimit --limit 50 --kill -- {{program}}
Throttle both it and its child processes so that none go about 25% CPU:,cpulimit --limit {{25}} --monitor-forks -- {{program}}
Display limit values for all current resources for the running parent process:,prlimit
Display limit values for all current resources of a specified process:,prlimit {{[-p|--pid]}} {{pid_number}}
Run a command with a custom number of open files limit:,prlimit {{[-n|--nofile=]}}{{10}} {{command}}
Run a command in a container:,systemd-nspawn {{[-D|--directory]}} {{path/to/container_root}}
Run a full Linux-based OS in a container:,systemd-nspawn {{[-b|--boot]}} {{[-D|--directory]}} {{path/to/container_root}}
Run the specified command as PID 2 in the container (as opposed to PID 1) using a stub init process:,systemd-nspawn {{[-D|--directory]}} {{path/to/container_root}} {{[-a|--as-pid2]}}
Specify the machine name and hostname:,systemd-nspawn {{[-M|--machine]}} {{container_name}} --hostname {{container_host}} {{[-D|--directory]}} {{path/to/container_root}}
List installed extension images:,systemd-sysext list
Merge system extension images into `/usr/` and `/opt/`:,systemd-sysext merge
Check the current merge status:,systemd-sysext status
Unmerge all currently installed system extension images from `/usr/` and `/opt/`:,systemd-sysext unmerge
Refresh system extension images (a combination of `unmerge` and `merge`):,systemd-sysext refresh
Run a `toolbox` subcommand:,toolbox {{subcommand}}
"Display help for a specific subcommand (such as `create`, `enter`, `rm`, `rmi`, etc.):",toolbox help {{subcommand}}
Display help:,toolbox {{[-h|--help]}}
Display version:,toolbox --version
Move a virtual disk:,qm disk move {{vm_id}} {{destination}} {{index}}
Delete the previous copy of the virtual disk:,qm disk move -delete {{vm_id}} {{destination}} {{index}}
Check the configuration:,sudo postfix check
Check the status of the Postfix daemon:,sudo postfix status
Start Postfix:,sudo postfix start
Gracefully stop Postfix:,sudo postfix stop
Flush the mail queue:,sudo postfix flush
Reload the configuration files:,sudo postfix reload
Open a text file:,gedit {{path/to/file}}
Open multiple text files:,gedit {{file1 file2 ...}}
Open a text file with a specific encoding:,gedit --encoding {{UTF-8}} {{path/to/file}}
Display a list of supported encodings:,gedit --list-encodings
Add a new `apt` repository:,apt-add-repository {{repository_spec}}
Remove an `apt` repository:,apt-add-repository {{[-r|--remove]}} {{repository_spec}}
Update the package cache after adding a repository:,apt-add-repository --update {{repository_spec}}
Enable source packages:,apt-add-repository {{[-s|--enable-source]}} {{repository_spec}}
Run a graphical program remotely and display it locally:,waypipe ssh {{user}}@{{server}} {{program}}
Open an SSH tunnel to run any program remotely and display it locally:,waypipe ssh {{user}}@{{server}}
Skip testing for Vulkan support:,waypipe --test-skip-vulkan ssh {{user}}@{{server}} {{program}}
Display help:,waypipe {{[-h|--help]}}
Create a new volume group called vg1 using the `/dev/sda1` device:,vgcreate {{vg1}} {{/dev/sda1}}
Create a new volume group called vg1 using multiple devices:,vgcreate {{vg1}} {{/dev/sda1}} {{/dev/sdb1}} {{/dev/sdc1}}
Print file access events in all mounted filesystems to `stdout`:,sudo fatrace
"Print file access events on the mount of the current directory, with timestamps, to `stdout`:",sudo fatrace {{[-c|--current-mount]}} {{[-t|--timestamp]}}
Remove a LVM label from a physical volume:,sudo pvremove {{/dev/sdXY}}
Display detailed output during the operation:,sudo pvremove --verbose {{/dev/sdXY}}
Remove a LVM label without asking for confirmation:,sudo pvremove --yes {{/dev/sdXY}}
Forcefully remove a LVM label:,sudo pvremove --force {{/dev/sdXY}}
Display output in JSON format:,sudo pvremove --reportformat json {{/dev/sdXY}}
Delete a snapshot:,qm delsnapshot {{vm_id}} {{snapshot_name}}
Delete a snapshot from a configuration file (even if removing the disk snapshot fails):,qm delsnapshot {{vm_id}} {{snapshot_name}} --force 1
Start and navigate the current directory tree interactively:,br
Start displaying the size of files and directories:,br --sizes
Start displaying permissions:,br --permissions
Start displaying directories only:,br --only-folders
Start displaying hidden files and directories:,br --hidden
Submit a script with default settings (depends on TORQUE settings):,qsub {{script.sh}}
"Submit a script with a specified wallclock runtime limit of 1 hour, 2 minutes and 3 seconds:",qsub -l walltime={{1}}:{{2}}:{{3}} {{script.sh}}
Submit a script that is executed on 2 nodes using 4 cores per node:,qsub -l nodes={{2}}:ppn={{4}} {{script.sh}}
Submit a script to a specific queue. Note that different queues can have different maximum and minimum runtime limits:,qsub -q {{queue_name}} {{script.sh}}
Change to desktop mode:,steamos-session-select plasma
Change to gamemode (sets the system to boot into gamemode if `-persistent` options were selected previously):,steamos-session-select
Change to Wayland desktop mode:,steamos-session-select plasma-wayland
Change to Wayland desktop mode and have the device boot to desktop:,steamos-session-select plasma-wayland-persistent
Change to X11 desktop mode and have the device boot to desktop:,steamos-session-select plasma-x11-persistent
"Display system information (hostname, kernel, uptime, etc.):",nitch
Display help:,nitch {{[-h|--help]}}
Display version:,nitch {{[-v|--version]}}
Enable only the primary monitor:,mons -o
Enable only the secondary monitor:,mons -s
"Duplicate the primary monitor onto the secondary monitor, using the resolution of the primary monitor:",mons -d
"Mirror the primary monitor onto the secondary monitor, using the resolution of the secondary monitor:",mons -m
List all available profiles:,lxc profile list
Show the configuration of a specific profile:,lxc profile show {{profile_name}}
Edit a specific profile in the default editor:,lxc profile edit {{profile_name}}
Edit a specific profile importing the configuration values from a file:,lxc profile edit {{profile_name}} < {{config.yaml}}
Launch a new container with specific profiles:,lxc launch {{container_image}} {{container_name}} {{[-p|--profile]}} {{profile1}} {{[-p|--profile]}} {{profile2}}
Change the profiles of a running container:,"lxc profile assign {{container_name}} {{profile1,profile2}}"
List network interfaces and their associated IP addresses:,ip {{[a|address]}}
Filter to show only active network interfaces:,ip {{[a|address]}} {{[s|show]}} up
Display information about a specific network interface:,ip {{[a|address]}} {{[s|show]}} {{eth0}}
Add an IP address to a network interface:,sudo ip {{[a|address]}} {{[a|add]}} {{ip_address}} dev {{eth0}}
Remove an IP address from a network interface:,sudo ip {{[a|address]}} {{[d|delete]}} {{ip_address}} dev {{eth0}}
Delete all IP addresses in a given scope from a network interface:,sudo ip {{[a|address]}} {{[f|flush]}} {{eth0}} scope {{global|host|link}}
Capture a photo with different encoding:,rpicam-still {{[-e|--encoding]}} {{bmp|png|rgb|yuv420}} {{[-o|--output]}} {{path/to/file.{{bmp|png|rgb|yuv420}}}}
Capture a raw image:,rpicam-still {{[-r|--raw]}} {{[-o|--output]}} {{path/to/file.jpg}}
Capture a 100 second exposure image:,rpicam-still {{[-o|--output]}} {{path/to/file.jpg}} --shutter 100000
Display the time:,cacaclock
Change the font:,cacaclock {{[-f|--font]}} {{font}}
Change the format using an `strftime` format specification:,cacaclock {{[-d|--dateformat]}} {{strftime_arguments}}
"Display the list of all supported guest operating systems, versions and variants:",quickget list
Download and create the virtual machine configuration for building a Quickemu virtual machine for an OS:,quickget {{os}} {{release}} {{edition}}
Download configuration for a Windows 11 VM with VirtIO drivers for Windows:,quickget windows 11
Download a macOS recovery image and creates a virtual machine configuration:,quickget macos {{mojave|catalina|big-sur|monterey|ventura|sonoma}}
Show an ISO URL for an operating system:,quickget --url fedora {{release}} {{edition}}
Test if an ISO file is available for an operating system:,quickget --check nixos {{release}} {{edition}}
Download an image without building any VM configuration:,quickget --download {{os}} {{release}} {{edition}}
Create a VM configuration for an OS image:,quickget --create-config {{os}} {{path/to/iso}}
Show all performance counters related to the execution of `slurmctld`:,sdiag {{[-a|--all]}}
Reset performance counters related to the execution of `slurmctld`:,sdiag {{[-r|--reset]}}
Specify the output format:,sdiag {{[-a|--all]}} --{{json|yaml}}
Specify the cluster to send commands to:,sdiag {{[-a|--all]}} {{[-M|--cluster]}} {{cluster_name}}
Write the output of the specified command to the journal (both output streams are captured):,systemd-cat {{command}}
Write the output of a pipeline to the journal (`stderr` stays connected to the terminal):,{{command}} | systemd-cat
View documentation for the original command:,tldr systemd-sysext
Clean up resources:,qm cleanup {{vm_id}} {{clean-shutdown}} {{guest-requested}}
Display a description from a man page:,whatis {{command}}
Don't cut the description off at the end of the line:,whatis --long {{command}}
Display descriptions for all commands matching a glob:,whatis --wildcard {{net*}}
Search man page descriptions with a regular expression:,whatis --regex '{{wish[0-9]\.[0-9]}}'
Display descriptions in a specific language:,whatis --locale={{en}} {{command}}
Import your projects (this is necessary to enable project prompts):,tod project import
Quickly create a task with due date:,tod --quickadd {{Buy more milk today}}
Create a new task (you will be prompted for content and project):,tod task create
Create a task in a project:,"tod task create --content ""{{Write more rust}}"" --project {{code}}"
Get the next task for a project:,tod task next
Get your work schedule:,tod task list --scheduled --project {{work}}
Get all tasks for work:,tod task list --project {{work}}
List compiled locales:,localedef --list-archive
Display help:,localedef {{[-?|--help]}}
Launch a VNC client which connects to a host on a given display:,vncviewer {{host}}:{{display_number}}
Launch in full-screen mode:,vncviewer -FullScreen {{host}}:{{display_number}}
Launch a VNC client with a specific screen geometry:,vncviewer --geometry {{width}}x{{height}} {{host}}:{{display_number}}
Launch a VNC client which connects to a host on a given port:,vncviewer {{host}}::{{port}}
Display suggestions for a given file:,hlint {{path/to/file}} options
Check all Haskell files and generate a report:,hlint {{path/to/directory}} --report
Automatically apply most suggestions:,hlint {{path/to/file}} --refactor
Display additional options:,hlint {{path/to/file}} --refactor-options
Generate a settings file ignoring all outstanding hints:,hlint {{path/to/file}} --default > {{.hlint.yaml}}
Automatically resize a filesystem:,resize2fs {{/dev/sdXN}}
"Resize the filesystem to a size of 40G, displaying a progress bar:",resize2fs -p {{/dev/sdXN}} {{40G}}
Shrink the filesystem to its minimum possible size:,resize2fs -M {{/dev/sdXN}}
Create a new user with a default home directory and prompt the user to set a password:,adduser {{username}}
Create a new user without a home directory:,adduser --no-create-home {{username}}
Create a new user with a home directory at the specified path:,adduser --home {{path/to/home}} {{username}}
Create a new user with the specified shell set as the login shell:,adduser --shell {{path/to/shell}} {{username}}
Create a new user belonging to the specified group:,adduser --ingroup {{group}} {{username}}
Print how long the current user has been connected in hours:,ac
Print how long users have been connected in hours:,ac {{[-p|--individual-totals]}}
Print how long a particular user has been connected in hours:,ac {{[-p|--individual-totals]}} {{username}}
Print how long a particular user has been connected in hours per day (with total):,ac {{[-d|--daily-totals]}} {{[-p|--individual-totals]}} {{username}}
Also display additional details:,ac --compatibility
Check if PulseAudio is running (a non-zero exit code means it is not running):,pulseaudio --check
Start the PulseAudio daemon in the background:,pulseaudio --start
Kill the running PulseAudio daemon:,pulseaudio {{[-k|--kill]}}
List available modules:,pulseaudio --dump-modules
Load a module into the currently running daemon with the specified arguments:,"pulseaudio {{[-L|--load]}} ""{{module_name}} {{arguments}}"""
Automatically choose the right build script to build packages in a clean `chroot`:,pkgctl build
Manually build packages in a clean `chroot`:,pkgctl build --arch {{architecture}} --repo {{repository}} --clean
Rename files using a Perl Common Regular Expression (substitute 'foo' with 'bar' wherever found):,rename {{'s/foo/bar/'}} {{*}}
Dry-run - display which renames would occur without performing them:,rename {{[-n|--nono]}} {{'s/foo/bar/'}} {{*}}
Force renaming even if the operation would remove existing destination files:,rename {{[-f|--force]}} {{'s/foo/bar/'}} {{*}}
"Convert filenames to lower case (use `-f` in case-insensitive filesystems to prevent ""already exists"" errors):",rename 'y/A-Z/a-z/' {{*}}
Replace whitespace with underscores:,rename 's/\s+/_/g' {{*}}
Spawn 4 workers to stress test CPU:,stress {{[-c|--cpu]}} {{4}}
Spawn 2 workers to stress test IO and timeout after 5 seconds:,stress {{[-i|--io]}} {{2}} {{[-t|--timeout]}} {{5}}
Spawn 2 workers to stress test memory (each worker allocates 256M bytes):,stress {{[-m|--vm]}} {{2}} --vm-bytes {{256M}}
Spawn 2 workers spinning on write()/unlink() (each worker writes 1G bytes):,stress {{[-d|--hdd]}} {{2}} --hdd-bytes {{1GB}}
Create an XFS filesystem inside partition Y on device X:,sudo mkfs.xfs {{/dev/sdXY}}
Create an XFS filesystem with a volume label:,sudo mkfs.xfs -L {{volume_label}} {{/dev/sdXY}}
Run a command as a daemon:,"daemon --name=""{{name}}"" {{command}}"
Run a command as a daemon which will restart if the command crashes:,"daemon --name=""{{name}}"" --respawn {{command}}"
"Run a command as a daemon which will restart if it crashes, with two attempts every 10 seconds:","daemon --name=""{{name}}"" --respawn --attempts=2 --delay=10 {{command}}"
"Run a command as a daemon, writing logs to a specific file:","daemon --name=""{{name}}"" --errlog={{path/to/file.log}} {{command}}"
Kill a daemon (SIGTERM):,"daemon --name=""{{name}}"" --stop"
List daemons:,daemon --list
"Print the status line to `stdout` periodically, using the default configuration:",i3status
"Print the status line to `stdout` periodically, using a specific configuration:",i3status -c {{path/to/i3status.conf}}
Display help and version:,i3status -h
Paste the contents of the clipboard:,wl-paste
Paste the contents of the primary clipboard (highlighted text):,wl-paste --primary
Write the contents of the clipboard to a file:,wl-paste > {{path/to/file}}
Pipe the contents of the clipboard to a command:,wl-paste | {{command}}
Open a given serial port:,sudo minicom {{[-D|--device]}} {{/dev/ttyXYZ}}
Open a given serial port with a given baud rate:,sudo minicom {{[-D|--device]}} {{/dev/ttyXYZ}} {{[-b|--baudrate]}} {{115200}}
Enter the configuration menu before communicating with a given serial port:,sudo minicom {{[-D|--device]}} {{/dev/ttyXYZ}} {{[-s|--setup]}}
Exit minicom:,<Ctrl a><x><Enter>
Display help:,minicom {{[-h|--help]}}
Combine the `/etc/shadow` and `/etc/passwd` of the current system:,sudo unshadow /etc/passwd /etc/shadow
Combine two arbitrary shadow and password files:,sudo unshadow {{path/to/passwd}} {{path/to/shadow}}
Generate a permuted index where the first field of each line is an index reference:,ptx {{[-r|--references]}} {{path/to/file}}
Generate a permuted index with automatically generated index references:,ptx {{[-A|--auto-reference]}} {{path/to/file}}
Generate a permuted index with a fixed width:,ptx {{[-w|--width]}} {{width_in_columns}} {{path/to/file}}
Generate a permuted index with a list of filtered words:,ptx {{[-o|--only-file]}} {{path/to/filter}} {{path/to/file}}
Generate a permuted index with SYSV-style behaviors:,ptx {{[-G|--traditional]}} {{path/to/file}}
Terminate a program using the default SIGTERM (terminate) signal:,kill {{process_id}}
List signal values and their corresponding names (to be used without the `SIG` prefix). The available options may depend on the `kill` implementation:,kill {{-l|-L|--table}}
Terminate a background job:,kill %{{job_id}}
Terminate a program using the SIGHUP (hang up) signal. Many daemons will reload instead of terminating:,kill -{{1|HUP}} {{process_id}}
Terminate a program using the SIGINT (interrupt) signal. This is typically initiated by the user pressing `<Ctrl c>`:,kill -{{2|INT}} {{process_id}}
Signal the operating system to immediately terminate a program (which gets no chance to capture the signal):,kill -{{9|KILL}} {{process_id}}
"Signal the operating system to pause a program until a SIGCONT (""continue"") signal is received:",kill -{{17|STOP}} {{process_id}}
Send a `SIGUSR1` signal to all processes with the given GID (group id):,kill -{{SIGUSR1}} -{{group_id}}
List all Samba users (use verbose flag to show their settings):,sudo pdbedit --list --verbose
Add an existing Unix user to Samba (will prompt for password):,sudo pdbedit --user {{username}} --create
Remove a Samba user:,sudo pdbedit --user {{username}} --delete
Reset a Samba user's failed password counter:,sudo pdbedit --user {{username}} --bad-password-count-reset
Display help:,btrfs version --help
Display btrfs-progs version:,btrfs version
Split a file at lines 5 and 23:,csplit {{path/to/file}} 5 23
Split a file every 5 lines (this will fail if the total number of lines is not divisible by 5):,csplit {{path/to/file}} 5 {*}
"Split a file every 5 lines, ignoring exact-division error:",csplit {{[-k|--keep-files]}} {{path/to/file}} 5 {*}
Split a file at line 5 and use a custom prefix for the output files:,csplit {{path/to/file}} 5 {{[-f|--prefix]}} {{prefix}}
Split a file at a line matching a regular expression:,csplit {{path/to/file}} /{{regular_expression}}/
Set up a wireless connection interactively:,wifi-menu
Interactively set up a connection to a network and obscure the password:,wifi-menu {{[-o|--obscure]}}
Display help:,wifi-menu {{[-h|--help]}}
Connect your system to the Ubuntu Pro support contract:,sudo pro attach
Display the status of Ubuntu Pro services:,pro status
Check if the system is affected by a specific vulnerability (and apply a fix if possible):,pro fix {{CVE-number}}
Display the number of unsupported packages:,pro security-status
List packages that are no longer available for download:,pro security-status --unavailable
List third-party packages:,pro security-status --thirdparty
Scan for available networks:,wpa_cli scan
Show scan results:,wpa_cli scan_results
Add a network:,wpa_cli add_network {{number}}
Set a network's SSID:,"wpa_cli set_network {{number}} ssid ""{{SSID}}"""
Enable network:,wpa_cli enable_network {{number}}
Save config:,wpa_cli save_config
List all ebuild repositories registered on <https://repos.gentoo.org>:,eselect repository list
List enabled repositories:,eselect repository list -i
Enable a repository from the list by its name or index from the `list` command:,eselect repository enable {{name|index}}
Enable an unregistered repository:,eselect repository add {{name}} {{rsync|git|mercurial|svn|...}} {{sync_uri}}
Disable repositories without removing their contents:,eselect repository disable {{repo1 repo2 ...}}
Disable repositories and remove their contents:,eselect repository remove {{repo1 repo2 ...}}
Create a local repository and enable it:,eselect repository create {{name}} {{path/to/repo}}
Start an arithmetic quiz:,arithmetic
Specify one or more arithmetic [o]peration symbols to get problems on them:,arithmetic -o {{+|-|x|/}}
"Specify a range. Addition and multiplication problems would feature numbers between 0 and range, inclusive. Subtraction and division problems would have required result and number to be operated on, between 0 and range:",arithmetic -r {{7}}
Update the list of available packages and versions:,slapt-get --update
"Install a package, or update it to the latest available version:",slapt-get --install {{package}}
Remove a package:,slapt-get --remove {{package}}
Upgrade all installed packages to their latest available versions:,slapt-get --upgrade
"Locate packages by the package name, disk set, or version:",slapt-get --search {{query}}
Show information about a package:,slapt-get --show {{package}}
Start a graphical setup at the default Wine location:,winetricks
Specify a custom Wine directory to run Winetricks in:,WINEPREFIX={{path/to/wine_directory}} winetricks
Install a Windows DLL or component to the default Wine directory:,winetricks {{package}}
Create an X cursor file using a configuration file:,xcursorgen {{path/to/config.cursor}} {{path/to/output_file}}
Create an X cursor file using a configuration file and specify the path to the image files:,xcursorgen --prefix {{path/to/image_directory/}} {{path/to/config.cursor}} {{path/to/output_file}}
Create an X cursor file using a configuration file and write the output to `stdout`:,xcursorgen {{path/to/config.cursor}}
Automatically compile and install a generic kernel:,sudo genkernel all
Build and install the bzImage|initramfs|kernel|ramdisk only:,sudo genkernel {{bzImage|initramfs|kernel|ramdisk}}
Apply changes to the kernel configuration before compiling and installing:,sudo genkernel --menuconfig all
Generate a kernel with a custom name:,sudo genkernel --kernname={{custom_name}} all
Use a kernel source outside the default directory `/usr/src/linux`:,sudo genkernel --kerneldir={{path/to/directory}} all
Create or update the package manifest:,ebuild {{path/to/file.ebuild}} manifest
Clean the temporary build directories for the build file:,ebuild {{path/to/file.ebuild}} clean
Fetch sources if they do not exist:,ebuild {{path/to/file.ebuild}} fetch
Extract the sources to a temporary build directory:,ebuild {{path/to/file.ebuild}} unpack
Compile the extracted sources:,ebuild {{path/to/file.ebuild}} compile
Install the package to a temporary install directory:,ebuild {{path/to/file.ebuild}} install
Install the temporary files to the live filesystem:,ebuild {{path/to/file.ebuild}} qmerge
"Fetch, unpack, compile, install and qmerge the specified ebuild file:",ebuild {{path/to/file.ebuild}} merge
View documentation for the original command:,tldr nmtui
Change the size of a logical volume to 120 GB:,lvresize --size {{120G}} {{volume_group}}/{{logical_volume}}
Extend the size of a logical volume as well as the underlying filesystem by 120 GB:,lvresize --size +{{120G}} --resizefs {{volume_group}}/{{logical_volume}}
Extend the size of a logical volume to 100% of the free physical volume space:,lvresize --size {{100}}%FREE {{volume_group}}/{{logical_volume}}
Reduce the size of a logical volume as well as the underlying filesystem by 120 GB:,lvresize --size -{{120G}} --resizefs {{volume_group}}/{{logical_volume}}
Roll a single 20 sided dice:,rolldice d{{20}}
Roll two six sided dice and drop the lowest roll:,rolldice {{2}}d{{6}}s{{1}}
Roll two 20 sided dice and add a modifier value:,rolldice {{2}}d{{20}}{{+5}}
Roll a 20 sided dice two times:,rolldice {{2}}xd{{20}}
View documentation for the original command:,tldr setarch
Display the ACLs for a file or directory on a remote SMB share:,smbcacls //{{server}}/{{share}} {{path/to/file_or_directory}} --user {{domain\\username}}%{{password}}
"Set a new ACL for a file on a remote SMB share (replace `""ACL:...""` with a valid Windows ACL specification):","smbcacls //{{server}}/{{share}} {{path/to/file}} --user {{domain\\username}}%{{password}} ""ACL:{{DACL}}"""
Remove all existing ACL entries and set a new ACL:,"smbcacls //{{server}}/{{share}} {{path/to/file}} --user {{domain\\username}}%{{password}} ""RESET"" ""ACL:{{DACL}}"""
Specify an alternative workgroup (or domain) and have the program prompt for a password interactively:,smbcacls //{{server}}/{{share}} {{path/to/file}} --user {{username}} --workgroup {{workgroup}}
Connect to a remote host:,dbclient {{user}}@{{host}}
Connect to a remote host on [p]ort 2222:,dbclient {{user}}@{{host}} -p 2222
Connect to a remote host using a specific [i]dentity key in dropbear format:,dbclient -i {{path/to/key_file}} {{user}}@{{host}}
Run a command on the remote host with a [t]ty allocation allowing interaction with the remote command:,dbclient {{user}}@{{host}} -t {{command}} {{argument1 argument2 ...}}
Connect and forward [A]gent connections to remote host:,dbclient -A {{user}}@{{host}}
Open the settings GUI:,systemsettings
List all possible KCM modules for `systemsettings`:,systemsettings --list
Display help:,systemsettings {{[-h|--help]}}
Initialize a basic repository in a directory:,createrepo {{path/to/directory}}
"Initialize a repository, exclude test RPMs and display verbose logs:",createrepo {{[-v|--verbose]}} {{[-x|--excludes]}} {{test_*.rpm}} {{path/to/directory}}
"Initialize a repository, using SHA1 as the checksum algorithm, and ignoring symbolic links:",createrepo {{[-S|--skip-symlinks]}} {{[-s|--checksum]}} {{sha1}} {{path/to/directory}}
Reserve a device (currently only supports audio devices):,pw-reserve {{[-n|--name]}} {{audioN}}
Monitor a device instead of reserving it:,pw-reserve {{[-n|--name]}} {{audioN}} {{[-m|--monitor]}}
Display help:,pw-reserve {{[-h|--help]}}
Display the most recent login of all users:,lastlog
Display the lastlog record of the specified user:,lastlog --user {{username}}
Display records older than 7 days:,lastlog --before 7
Display records more recent than 3 days:,lastlog --time 3
Download a file from a server:,smbget {{smb://server/share/file}}
Download a share or directory recursively:,smbget --recursive {{smb://server/share}}
Connect with a username and password:,smbget {{smb://server/share/file}} {{[-U|--user]}} {{username%password}}
Require encrypted transfers:,smbget {{smb://server/share/file}} {{[-e|--encrypt]}}
Open cmus into the specified directory (this will become your new working directory):,cmus {{path/to/directory}}
Add file/directory to library:,<:>add {{path/to/file_or_directory}}
Pause/unpause current song:,<c>
Toggle shuffle mode on/off:,<s>
Quit cmus:,<q>
Upgrade a container using the container's native package manager:,distrobox-upgrade {{container_name}}
Upgrade all containers using the container's native package managers:,distrobox-upgrade {{[-a|--all]}}
Upgrade specific containers via the container's native package manager:,distrobox-upgrade {{container1 container2 ...}}
Read a man page for a command that is provided by a specified package:,debman -p {{package}} {{command}}
Specify a package version to download:,debman -p {{package}}={{version}} {{command}}
Read a man page in a `.deb` file:,debman -f {{path/to/filename.deb}} {{command}}
List available chroots:,schroot --list
Run a command in a specific chroot:,schroot --chroot {{chroot}} {{command}}
Run a command with options in a specific chroot:,schroot --chroot {{chroot}} {{command}} -- {{command_options}}
Run a command in all available chroots:,schroot --all {{command}}
Start an interactive shell within a specific chroot as a specific user:,schroot --chroot {{chroot}} --user {{user}}
Begin a new session (a unique session ID is returned on `stdout`):,schroot --begin-session --chroot {{chroot}}
Connect to an existing session:,schroot --run-session --chroot {{session_id}}
End an existing session:,schroot --end-session --chroot {{session_id}}
Launch the X11 GUI (if available):,sudo lshw -X
List all hardware in tabular format:,sudo lshw -short
List multiple class of hardware (all disks and storage controllers) in tabular format:,sudo lshw {{[-c|-class]}} disk {{[-c|-class]}} storage -short
Save all network interfaces to an HTML/XML/JSON file:,sudo lshw {{[-c|-class]}} network -{{html|xml|json}} > interfaces{{.html|.xml|.json}}
"List network interfaces without revealing sensitive information (IP addresses, serial numbers, etc.):",sudo lshw {{[-c|-class]}} network -sanitize
List a particular class of hardware:,sudo lshw {{[-c|-class]}} {{system|bridge|memory|processor|address|storage|disk|tape|bus|network|display|input|printer|multimedia|communication|power|volume|generic}}
Set a password for a specific user in a virtual machine interactively:,qm guest passwd {{vm_id}} {{username}}
Set an already hashed password for a specific user in a virtual machine interactively:,qm guest passwd {{vm_id}} {{username}} --crypted 1
Start a Tetris game:,yetris
Navigate the piece horizontally:,{{<ArrowLeft>|<ArrowRight>}}
Rotate the piece clockwise or counterclockwise:,{{<x>|<z>}}
Hold a piece (only one allowed at a time):,<c>
Soft drop the piece:,<ArrowDown>
Hard drop the piece:,<Space>
Pause/unpause the game:,<p>
Quit the game:,<q>
Generate with wal's palette and the current wallpaper (feh only):,wal-telegram
Generate with wal's palette and a specified background image:,wal-telegram --background={{path/to/image}}
Generate with wal's palette and a colored background based on the palette:,wal-telegram --tiled
Apply a gaussian blur on the background image:,wal-telegram -g
Specify a location for the generated theme (default is `$XDG_CACHE_HOME/wal-telegram` or `~/.cache/wal-telegram`):,wal-telegram --destination={{path/to/destination}}
Restart the telegram app after generation:,wal-telegram --restart
Run warpd in normal mode:,warpd --normal
Run warpd in hint mode:,warpd --hint
Move cursor left:,<h>
Move cursor down:,<j>
Move cursor up:,<k>
Move cursor right:,<l>
Emulate left click:,<m>
Open the interactive menu for timezone selection and print the selected timezone to `stdout`:,tzselect
Ask for nearest timezone to coordinates in ISO 6709 notation:,tzselect -c {{coordinates}}
List last logged in users:,sudo lastb
List all last logged in users since a given time:,sudo lastb {{[-s|--since]}} {{YYYY-MM-DD}}
List all last logged in users until a given time:,sudo lastb {{[-t|--until]}} {{YYYY-MM-DD}}
List all logged in users at a specific time:,sudo lastb {{[-p|--present]}} {{hh:mm}}
List all last logged in users and translate the IP into a hostname:,sudo lastb {{[-d|--dns]}}
Remove first column of `stdin`:,colrm {{1 1}}
Remove from 3rd column till the end of each line:,colrm {{3}}
Remove from the 3rd column till the 5th column of each line:,colrm {{3 5}}
"Display ext2, ext3 and ext4 filesystem information:",dumpe2fs {{/dev/sdXN}}
Display the blocks which are reserved as bad in the filesystem:,dumpe2fs -b {{/dev/sdXN}}
Force display filesystem information even with unrecognizable feature flags:,dumpe2fs -f {{/dev/sdXN}}
Only display the superblock information and not any of the block group descriptor detail information:,dumpe2fs -h {{/dev/sdXN}}
Print the detailed group information block numbers in hexadecimal format:,dumpe2fs -x {{/dev/sdXN}}
"Print a summary of CPU, memory, hard drive and kernel information:",inxi
"Print a full description of CPU, memory, disk, network, and process information and filter sensitive information:",inxi {{[-ez|--expanded --filter]}}
Print a summary of CPU information:,inxi {{[-C|--cpu]}}
Print a summary of graphics information:,inxi {{[-G|--graphics]}}
Print a summary of system RAM:,inxi {{[-m|--memory]}}
Print a summary of system audio:,inxi {{[-A|--audio]}}
Print available sensor data:,inxi {{[-s|--sensors]}}
Print information about the distribution's repositories:,inxi {{[-r|--repos]}}
Open the GUI:,kinfocenter
List all possible KCM modules for `kinfocenter`:,kinfocenter --list
Display help:,kinfocenter {{[-h|--help]}}
Initialize the `/dev/sda1` volume for use by LVM:,pvcreate {{/dev/sda1}}
Force the creation without any confirmation prompts:,pvcreate --force {{/dev/sda1}}
View documentation for authenticating `pkgctl` with services like GitLab:,tldr pkgctl auth
View documentation for building packages inside a clean `chroot`:,tldr pkgctl build
View documentation for updating the binary repository as final release step:,tldr pkgctl db update
View documentation for comparing package files using different modes:,tldr pkgctl diff
View documentation for releasing build artifacts:,tldr pkgctl release
View documentation for managing Git packaging repositories and their configuration:,tldr pkgctl repo
Display version:,pkgctl version
View the current security context of a file or directory:,ls {{[-dlZ|--directory -l --context]}} {{path/to/file_or_directory}}
Restore the security context of a file or directory:,restorecon {{path/to/file_or_directory}}
"Restore the security context of a directory recursively, and show all changed labels:",restorecon -R -v {{path/to/directory}}
"Restore the security context of a directory recursively, using all available threads, and show progress:",restorecon -R -T {{0}} -p {{path/to/directory}}
Preview the label changes that would happen without applying them:,restorecon -R -n -v {{path/to/directory}}
Create an mdbook project in the current directory:,mdbook init
Create an mdbook project in a specific directory:,mdbook init {{path/to/directory}}
Clean the directory with the generated book:,mdbook clean
"Serve a book at <http://localhost:3000>, auto build when file changes:",mdbook serve
Watch a set of Markdown files and automatically build when a file is changed:,mdbook watch
Show ASCII aliases of a character:,ascii {{a}}
"Show ASCII aliases in short, script-friendly mode:",ascii -t {{a}}
Show ASCII aliases of multiple characters:,ascii -s {{tldr}}
Show ASCII table in decimal:,ascii -d
Show ASCII table in hexadecimal:,ascii -x
Show ASCII table in octal:,ascii -o
Show ASCII table in binary:,ascii -b
Show options summary and complete ASCII table:,ascii
"List all NetworkManager connections (shows name, UUID, type and device):",nmcli connection
Activate a connection:,nmcli connection up uuid {{uuid}}
Deactivate a connection:,nmcli connection down uuid {{uuid}}
Create an auto-configured dual stack connection:,nmcli connection add ifname {{interface_name}} type {{ethernet}} ipv4.method {{auto}} ipv6.method {{auto}}
Create a static IPv6-only connection:,nmcli connection add ifname {{interface_name}} type {{ethernet}} ip6 {{2001:db8::2/64}} gw6 {{2001:db8::1}} ipv6.dns {{2001:db8::1}} ipv4.method {{ignore}}
Create a static IPv4-only connection:,nmcli connection add ifname {{interface_name}} type {{ethernet}} ip4 {{10.0.0.7/8}} gw4 {{10.0.0.1}} ipv4.dns {{10.0.0.1}} ipv6.method {{ignore}}
Create a VPN connection using OpenVPN from an OVPN file:,nmcli connection import type {{openvpn}} file {{path/to/vpn_config.ovpn}}
View the factors determining the scheduling priority of all jobs:,sprio
View the factors determining the specified job's scheduling priority:,"sprio {{[-j|--jobs]}} {{job_id_1,job_id_2,...}}"
Output additional information:,sprio {{[-l|--long]}}
View information for the jobs of specified users:,"sprio {{[-u|--user]}} {{user_name_1,user_name_2,...}}"
Print the weights for each factor determining job scheduling priority:,sprio {{[-w|--weights]}}
Show the general status of NetworkManager:,nmcli general
Show the hostname of the current device:,nmcli general hostname
Change the hostname of the current device:,sudo nmcli general hostname {{new_hostname}}
Show the permissions of NetworkManager:,nmcli general permissions
Show the current logging level and domains:,nmcli general logging
Set the logging level and/or domains (see `man NetworkManager.conf` for all available domains):,"nmcli general logging level {{INFO|OFF|ERR|WARN|DEBUG|TRACE}} domain {{domain_1,domain_2,...}}"
Start the daemon:,bluetoothd
"Start the daemon, logging to `stdout`:",bluetoothd --nodetach
Start the daemon with a specific configuration file (defaults to `/etc/bluetooth/main.conf`):,bluetoothd --configfile {{path/to/file}}
Start the daemon with verbose output to `stderr`:,bluetoothd --debug
Start the daemon with verbose output coming from specific files in the bluetoothd or plugins source:,bluetoothd --debug={{path/to/file1:path/to/file2:...}}
List existing links with their status:,networkctl list
Show an overall network status:,networkctl status
Bring network devices up:,networkctl up {{interface1 interface2 ...}}
Bring network devices down:,networkctl down {{interface1 interface2 ...}}
Renew dynamic configurations (e.g. IP addresses received from a DHCP server):,networkctl renew {{interface1 interface2 ...}}
Reload configuration files (.netdev and .network):,networkctl reload
"Reconfigure network interfaces (if you edited the config, you need to call `networkctl reload` first):",networkctl reconfigure {{interface1 interface2 ...}}
Change the base OS to a new container image from a registry:,sudo bootc switch {{image}}
Change the base OS to a new container image from the local image storage of the root user:,sudo bootc switch --transport containers-storage {{image}}
Change the base OS to a new container image stored in a tarball:,sudo bootc switch --transport oci-archive {{path/to/image.tar.gz}}
Change the line endings of a file:,dos2unix {{path/to/file}}
Create a copy with Unix-style line endings:,dos2unix {{[-n|--newfile]}} {{path/to/file}} {{path/to/new_file}}
Display file information:,dos2unix {{[-i|--info]}} {{path/to/file}}
Keep/add/remove Byte Order Mark:,dos2unix --{{keep-bom|add-bom|remove-bom}} {{path/to/file}}
View documentation for the original command:,tldr plasma-apply-lookandfeel
Print the log:,logread
Print `n` messages:,logread -l {{n}}
Filter messages by (Keyword/Regular Expression):,logread -e {{pattern}}
Print log messages as they happen:,logread -f
Display help:,logread -h
List enabled services and the runlevels they are added to:,rc-update
List all services:,rc-update {{[-v|--verbose]}}
Add a service to a runlevel:,sudo rc-update add {{service_name}} {{runlevel}}
Delete a service from a runlevel:,sudo rc-update {{[del|delete]}} {{service_name}} {{runlevel}}
Delete a service from all runlevels:,sudo rc-update {{[-a|--all]}} {{[del|delete]}} {{service_name}}
Check status of currently active interfaces:,sudo wg
Generate a new private key:,wg genkey
Generate a public key from a private key:,wg pubkey < {{path/to/private_key}} > {{path/to/public_key}}
Generate a public and private key:,wg genkey | tee {{path/to/private_key}} | wg pubkey > {{path/to/public_key}}
Show the current configuration of a wireguard interface:,sudo wg showconf {{wg0}}
Search files containing a specific string in their name in a specific directory:,mate-search-tool --named={{string}} --path={{path/to/directory}}
Search files without waiting a user confirmation:,mate-search-tool --start --named={{string}} --path={{path/to/directory}}
Search files with name matching a specific regular expression:,mate-search-tool --start --regex={{string}} --path={{path/to/directory}}
Set a sorting order in search results:,mate-search-tool --start --named={{string}} --path={{path/to/directory}} --sortby={{name|folder|size|type|date}}
Set a descending sorting order:,mate-search-tool --start --named={{string}} --path={{path/to/directory}} --descending
Search files owned by a specific user/group:,mate-search-tool --start --{{user|group}}={{value}} --path={{path/to/directory}}
Lock the display and show a padlock instead of the cursor:,xtrlock
Display a blank screen as well as the padlock cursor:,xtrlock -b
Fork the xtrlock process and return immediately:,xtrlock -f
List all local USB devices and their bus ID's:,usbip list {{[-l|--local]}}
Start a `usbip` daemon on the server:,systemctl start usbipd
Bind a USB device to `usbip` on the server:,sudo usbip bind {{[-b|--busid]}} {{bus_id}}
Load the kernel module required by `usbip` on the client:,sudo modprobe vhci-hcd
Attach to the `usbip` device on the client (bus ID is the same as on the server):,sudo usbip attach {{[-r|--remote]}} {{ip_address}} {{[-b|--busid]}} {{bus_id}}
List attached devices:,usbip port
Detach from a device:,sudo usbip detach {{[-p|--port]}} {{port}}
Unbind a device:,usbip unbind {{[-b|--busid]}} {{bus_id}}
Print a JSON representation of the default PipeWire instance's current state:,pw-dump
Print a JSON representation of an object:,pw-dump {{object_id}}
"Dump the current state monitoring changes, printing it again:",pw-dump {{[-m|--monitor]}}
Dump the current state of a remote instance to a file:,pw-dump {{[-r|--remote]}} {{remote_name}} > {{path/to/dump_file.json}}
Set a color configuration:,pw-dump {{[-C|--color]}} {{never|always|auto}}
Display help:,pw-dump {{[-h|--help]}}
Initialize ProtonVPN profile:,protonvpn init
Connect to ProtonVPN interactively:,protonvpn {{c|connect}}
Display connection status:,protonvpn {{s|status}}
Disconnect from ProtonVPN:,protonvpn {{d|disconnect}}
Reconnect or connect to the last server used:,protonvpn {{r|reconnect}}
Refresh OpenVPN configuration and server data:,protonvpn refresh
Display help for a subcommand:,protonvpn {{subcommand}} --help
Build the package in the current directory:,debuild
Build a binary package only:,debuild -b
Do not run lintian after building the package:,debuild --no-lintian
Open the current user home directory:,nemo
Open specific directories in separate windows:,nemo {{path/to/directory1 path/to/directory2 ...}}
Open specific directories in tabs:,nemo --tabs {{path/to/directory1 path/to/directory2 ...}}
Open a directory with a specific window size:,nemo --geometry={{600}}x{{400}} {{path/to/directory}}
Close all windows:,nemo --quit
Crack the password:,"bully --bssid ""{{mac}}"" --channel ""{{channel}}"" --bruteforce ""{{interface}}"""
Display help:,bully --help
Open a file:,zathura {{path/to/file}}
Navigate left/up/down/right:,{{<h>|<j>|<k>|<l>|<ArrowKeys>}}
Rotate:,<r>
Invert Colors:,<Ctrl r>
Search for text by a given string:,</>{{string}}
Create/delete bookmarks:,<:>{{bmark|bdelete}} {{bookmark_name}}<Enter>
List bookmarks:,<:>blist<Enter>
"Locate binary, source and man pages for SSH:",whereis {{ssh}}
Locate [b]inary and [m]an pages for ls:,whereis -bm {{ls}}
Locate [s]ource of gcc and [m]an pages for Git:,whereis -s {{gcc}} -m {{git}}
Locate [b]inaries for gcc in `/usr/bin/` only:,whereis -b -B {{/usr/bin/}} -f {{gcc}}
Locate [u]nusual binaries (those that have more or less than one binary on the system):,whereis -u *
Locate binaries that have [u]nusual [m]anual entries (binaries that have more or less than one manual installed):,whereis -u -m *
Show CPU statistics at a 2 second interval for 10 times:,pidstat {{2}} {{10}}
Show page faults and memory utilization:,pidstat -r
Show input/output usage per process ID:,pidstat -d
Show information on a specific PID:,pidstat -p {{PID}}
"Show memory statistics for all processes whose command name include ""fox"" or ""bird"":","pidstat -C ""{{fox|bird}}"" -r -p ALL"
Change the group ID (and drop supplemental groups) before processing client requests:,slurmrestd -g {{group_id}} {{[host]:port | unix:/path/to/socket}}
Comma-delimited list of authentication plugins to load:,slurmrestd -a {{authentication_plugins}} {{[host]:port | unix:/path/to/socket}}
Read Slurm configuration from the specified file:,slurmrestd -f {{path/to/file}}
Change user ID before processing client request:,slurmrestd -u {{user_id}}
Display help:,slurmrestd -h
Display version:,slurmrestd -V
View multiple images:,imv {{path/to/image1.ext path/to/image2.ext ...}}
View in fullscreen mode:,imv -f {{path/to/image.ext}}
View images [r]ecursively from a path:,imv -r --slideshow {{path/to/path}}
Open multiple images via `stdin`:,"find . -type f -name ""{{*.svg}}"" | imv"
Make a slideshow from a directory showing each image for 10 seconds:,imv -t 10 {{path/to/directory}}
View multiple images from the web:,curl -Osw '%{filename_effective}\n' '{{http://www.example.com/[1-10].jpg}}' | imv
Launch the GUI:,virt-manager
Connect to a hypervisor:,virt-manager --connect {{hypervisor_uri}}
Don't fork virt-manager process into background on startup:,virt-manager --no-fork
Print debug output:,virt-manager --debug
"Open the ""New VM"" wizard:",virt-manager --show-domain-creator
Show domain details window for a specific virtual machine/container:,virt-manager --show-domain-editor {{name|id|uuid}}
Show domain performance window for a specific virtual machine/container:,virt-manager --show-domain-performance {{name|id|uuid}}
Show connection details window:,virt-manager --show-host-summary
Make shares available at `mountpoint`:,smbnetfs {{mountpoint}}
Interactively search and install packages from the repos and AUR:,yay {{package_name|search_term}}
Synchronize and update all packages from the repos and AUR:,yay
Synchronize and update only AUR packages:,yay -Sua
Install a new package from the repos and AUR and do not ask to confirm transactions:,yay -S {{package}} --noconfirm
Remove an installed package and both its dependencies and configuration files:,yay -Rns {{package}}
Search the package database for a keyword from the repos and AUR:,yay -Ss {{keyword}}
Remove orphaned packages (installed as dependencies but not required by any package):,yay -Yc
Show statistics for installed packages and system health:,yay -Ps
Validate an XML file against a specific schema:,virt-xml-validate {{path/to/file.xml}} {{schema}}
Validate the domain XML against the domain schema:,virt-xml-validate {{path/to/domain.xml}} domain
Initialize `kde-builder`:,kde-builder --initial-setup
Compile a KDE component and its dependencies from the source (use `workspace` to compile Plasma desktop):,kde-builder {{component_name}}
Compile a component without updating its local code and without compiling its dependencies:,kde-builder {{[-S|--no-src]}} {{[-D|--no-include-dependencies]}} {{component_name}}
Refresh the build directories before compiling:,kde-builder {{[-r|--refresh-build]}} {{component_name}}
Resume compilation from a specific dependency:,kde-builder {{[-f|--resume-from]}} {{dependency_component}} {{component_name}}
Run a component with a specified executable name:,kde-builder --run {{executable_name}}
Build all configured components:,kde-builder
Use system libraries in place of a component if it fails to build:,kde-builder --no-stop-on-failure {{component_name}}
View documentation for the original command:,tldr cal
Test a specific website:,./goldeneye.py {{url}}
Test a specific website with 100 user agents and 200 concurrent sockets:,./goldeneye.py {{url}} --useragents 100 --sockets 200
Test a specific website without verifying the SSL certificate:,./goldeneye.py {{url}} --nosslcheck
Test a specific website in debug mode:,./goldeneye.py {{url}} --debug
Display help:,./goldeneye.py --help
List all SCSI devices:,lsscsi
List all SCSI devices with detailed attributes:,lsscsi {{[-L|--list]}}
List all SCSI devices with human-readable disk capacity:,lsscsi {{[-s|--size]}}
Open a LUKS volume and create a decrypted mapping at `/dev/mapper/mapping_name`:,systemd-cryptsetup attach {{mapping_name}} {{/dev/sdXY}}
Open a LUKS volume with additional options and create a decrypted mapping at `/dev/mapper/mapping_name`:,systemd-cryptsetup attach {{mapping_name}} {{/dev/sdXY}} none {{crypttab_options}}
Open a LUKS volume with a keyfile and create a decrypted mapping at `/dev/mapper/mapping_name`:,systemd-cryptsetup attach {{mapping_name}} {{/dev/sdXY}} {{path/to/keyfile}} {{crypttab_options}}
Remove an existing mapping:,systemd-cryptsetup detach {{mapping_name}}
View documentation for installing and updating packages:,tldr xbps-install
View documentation for removing packages:,tldr xbps-remove
View documentation for querying for package and repository information:,tldr xbps-query
Query a system password with a specific prompt:,"systemd-ask-password ""{{prompt}}"""
Specify an identifier for the password query:,"systemd-ask-password --id {{identifier}} ""{{prompt}}"""
Use a kernel keyring key name as a cache for the password:,"systemd-ask-password --keyname {{key_name}} ""{{prompt}}"""
Set a custom timeout for the password query:,"systemd-ask-password --timeout {{seconds}} ""{{prompt}}"""
Force the use of an agent system and never ask on current TTY:,"systemd-ask-password --no-tty ""{{prompt}}"""
Store a password in the kernel keyring without displaying it:,"systemd-ask-password --no-output --keyname {{key_name}} ""{{prompt}}"""
Pass the asked password to another program:,systemd-ask-password | {{command}}
Display help:,systemd-ask-password {{[-h|--help]}}
List all ARP rules in the filter table:,sudo arptables {{[-L|--list]}}
Append a rule to drop ARP packets from a specific IP address:,sudo arptables {{[-A|--append]}} INPUT {{[-s|--source-ip]}} {{192.168.0.1}} {{[-j|--jump]}} DROP
Delete a specific rule from the INPUT chain by its rule number:,sudo arptables {{[-D|--delete]}} INPUT {{rule_number}}
Flush all rules in the filter table:,sudo arptables {{[-F|--flush]}}
Set the default policy of the OUTPUT chain to ACCEPT:,sudo arptables {{[-P|--policy]}} OUTPUT ACCEPT
Save the current ARP rules to a file:,sudo arptables-save > {{path/to/file}}
View jobs spawned by the current shell:,jobs
List jobs and their process IDs:,jobs -l
Display information about jobs with changed status:,jobs -n
Display only process IDs:,jobs -p
Display running processes:,jobs -r
Display stopped processes:,jobs -s
View documentation for the original command:,tldr pacman sync
Start the daemon:,slurmstepd
Start with authentication via SSH at `127.0.0.1` with port `22` enabled:,cockpit-ws --local-ssh
Start an HTTP server on a specific port:,cockpit-ws --port {{port}}
Start and bind to a specific IP address (defaults to `0.0.0.0`):,cockpit-ws --address {{ip_address}}
Start without TLS:,cockpit-ws --no-tls
Display help:,cockpit-ws --help
List the partitions on a block device or disk image:,sudo partx {{[-l|--list]}} {{path/to/device_or_disk_image}}
Add all the partitions found in a given block device to the kernel:,sudo partx {{[-a|--add]}} {{[-v|--verbose]}} {{path/to/device_or_disk_image}}
Delete all the partitions found from the kernel (does not alter partitions on disk):,sudo partx {{[-d|--delete]}} {{path/to/device_or_disk_image}}
Search pubmed then find related sequences:,"esearch -db pubmed -query ""{{selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor}}"" | elink -target nuccore"
Search nucleotide then find related biosamples:,"esearch -db nuccore -query ""{{insulin [PROT] AND rodents [ORGN]}}"" | elink -target biosample"
Connect to a remote computer (default port is 3389):,rdesktop -u {{username}} -p {{password}} {{host:port}}
Simple Examples:,rdesktop -u Administrator -p passwd123 192.168.1.111:3389
Connect to a remote computer with full screen (press `<Ctrl Alt Enter>` to exist):,rdesktop -u {{username}} -p {{password}} -f {{host:port}}
Use the customed resolution (use the letter 'x' between the number):,rdesktop -u {{username}} -p {{password}} -g 1366x768 {{host:port}}
Connect to a remote computer using domain user:,rdesktop -u {{username}} -p {{password}} -d {{domainname}} {{host:port}}
Use the 16-bit color (speed up):,rdesktop -u {{username}} -p {{password}} -a 16 {{host:port}}
Interactively create the file `~/.config/aurvote` containing your AUR username and password:,aurvote --configure
Vote for one or more AUR packages:,aurvote {{package1 package2 ...}}
Unvote one or more AUR packages:,aurvote --unvote {{package1 package2 ...}}
Check if one or more AUR packages have already been voted:,aurvote --check {{package1 package2 ...}}
Display help:,aurvote --help
Run a LOLCODE file:,lci {{path/to/file}}
Display help:,lci -h
Display version:,lci -v
Print the default web browser:,xdg-settings get {{default-web-browser}}
Set the default web browser to Firefox:,xdg-settings set {{default-web-browser}} {{firefox.desktop}}
Set the default mail URL scheme handler to Evolution:,xdg-settings set {{default-url-scheme-handler}} {{mailto}} {{evolution.desktop}}
Set the default PDF document viewer:,xdg-settings set {{pdf-viewer.desktop}}
Display help:,xdg-settings --help
Create a new tomb with an initial size of 100 MB:,tomb dig -s {{100}} {{encrypted_directory.tomb}}
Create a new key file that can be used to lock a tomb; user will be prompted for a password for the key:,tomb forge {{encrypted_directory.tomb.key}}
"Forcefully create a new key, even if the tomb isn't allowing key forging (due to swap):",tomb forge {{encrypted_directory.tomb.key}} -f
Initialize and lock an empty tomb using a key made with `forge`:,tomb lock {{encrypted_directory.tomb}} -k {{encrypted_directory.tomb.key}}
"Mount a tomb (by default in `/media`) using its key, making it usable as a regular filesystem directory:",tomb open {{encrypted_directory.tomb}} -k {{encrypted_directory.tomb.key}}
Close a tomb (fails if the tomb is being used by a process):,tomb close {{encrypted_directory.tomb}}
"Forcefully close all open tombs, killing any applications using them:",tomb slam all
List all open tombs:,tomb list
Install a new package:,yum install {{package}}
"Install a new package and assume yes to all questions (also works with update, great for automated updates):",yum {{[-y|--assumeyes]}} install {{package}}
Find the package that provides a particular command:,yum provides {{command}}
Remove a package:,yum remove {{package}}
Display available updates for installed packages:,yum check-update
Upgrade installed packages to the newest available versions:,yum upgrade
Replace all `apple` (basic regex) occurrences with `mango` (basic regex) in all input lines and print the result to `stdout`:,{{command}} | sed 's/apple/mango/g'
Replace all `apple` (extended regex) occurrences with `APPLE` (extended regex) in all input lines and print the result to `stdout`:,{{command}} | sed {{[-E|--regexp-extended]}} 's/(apple)/\U\1/g'
Replace all `apple` (basic regex) occurrences with `mango` (basic regex) in a specific file and overwrite the original file in place:,sed {{[-i|--in-place]}} 's/apple/mango/g' {{path/to/file}}
Execute a specific script file and print the result to `stdout`:,{{command}} | sed {{[-f|--file]}} {{path/to/script.sed}}
Print just the first line to `stdout`:,{{command}} | sed {{[-n|--quiet]}} '1p'
[d]elete the first line of a file:,sed {{[-i|--in-place]}} 1d {{path/to/file}}
[i]nsert a new line at the first line of a file:,sed {{[-i|--in-place]}} '1i\your new line text\' {{path/to/file}}
Start the default shell as fakeroot:,fakeroot
Run a command as fakeroot:,fakeroot -- {{command}} {{command_arguments}}
Run a command as fakeroot and save the environment to a file on exit:,fakeroot -s {{path/to/file}} -- {{command}} {{command_arguments}}
Load a fakeroot environment and run a command as fakeroot:,fakeroot -i {{path/to/file}} -- {{command}} {{command_arguments}}
Run a command keeping the real ownership of files instead of pretending they are owned by root:,fakeroot {{[-u|--unknown-is-real]}} -- {{command}} {{command_arguments}}
Display help:,fakeroot {{[-h|--help]}}
List available cursor themes:,plasma-apply-cursortheme --list-themes
Apply a cursor theme:,plasma-apply-cursortheme {{breeze_cursors}}
Display help:,plasma-apply-cursortheme --help
Release all address leases:,sudo dhcpcd {{[-k|--release]}}
Request the DHCP server for new leases:,sudo dhcpcd {{[-n|--rebind]}}
Update the list of available packages and versions (it's recommended to run this before other `apt` commands):,sudo apt update
Search for a given package (use `apt search --name-only package` to search within package name only):,apt search {{package}}
Show information for a package:,apt show {{package}}
"Install a package, or update it to the latest available version:",sudo apt install {{package}}
Remove a package (using `purge` instead also removes its configuration files):,sudo apt remove {{package}}
Upgrade all installed packages to their newest available versions:,sudo apt upgrade
List all packages:,apt list
List installed packages:,apt list {{[-i|--installed]}}
Initialize a LUKS volume with a passphrase (overwrites all data on the partition):,cryptsetup luksFormat {{/dev/sdXY}}
Open a LUKS volume and create a decrypted mapping at `/dev/mapper/mapping_name`:,cryptsetup open {{/dev/sdXY}} {{mapping_name}}
Display information about a mapping:,cryptsetup status {{mapping_name}}
Remove an existing mapping:,cryptsetup close {{mapping_name}}
Change a LUKS volume's passphrase:,cryptsetup luksChangeKey {{/dev/sdXY}}
"Capture traffic on a specific interface, port and host::",sudo tcpick {{[-i|--interface]}} {{interface}} {{[-C|--colors]}} -h {{host}} -p {{port}}
Capture traffic on port 80 (HTTP) of a specific host:,sudo tcpick {{[-i|--interface]}} {{eth0}} {{[-C|--colors]}} -h {{192.168.1.100}} -p {{80}}
Display help:,tcpick --help
Read a cd and copy it to a file:,readcd dev={{/dev/srX}} f={{path/to/file.iso}}
View information about an MP3 file:,eyeD3 {{filename.mp3}}
Set the title of an MP3 file:,"eyeD3 {{[-t|--title]}} ""{{A Title}}"" {{filename.mp3}}"
Set the album of all the MP3 files in a directory:,"eyeD3 {{[-A|--album]}} ""{{Album Name}}"" {{*.mp3}}"
Set the front cover art for an MP3 file:,eyeD3 --add-image {{front_cover.jpeg}}:FRONT_COVER: {{filename.mp3}}
Stop a Distrobox container:,distrobox-stop {{container_name}}
Stop a Distrobox container non-interactively (without confirmation):,distrobox-stop {{[-n|--name]}} {{container_name}} {{[-Y|--yes]}}
Parse optional `verbose`/`version` flags with shorthands:,"getopt {{[-o|--options]}} vV {{[-l|--longoptions]}} verbose,version -- --version --verbose"
Add a `--file` option with a required argument with shorthand `-f`:,getopt {{[-o|--options]}} f: {{[-l|--longoptions]}} file: -- --file=somefile
"Add a `--verbose` option with an optional argument with shorthand `-v`, and pass a non-option parameter `arg`:",getopt {{[-o|--options]}} v:: {{[-l|--longoptions]}} verbose:: -- --verbose arg
"Accept a `-r` and `--verbose` flag, a `--accept` option with an optional argument and add a `--target` with a required argument option with shorthands:","getopt {{[-o|--options]}} rv::s::t: {{[-l|--longoptions]}} verbose,source::,target: -- -v --target target"
Update all installed applications and runtimes (use `-y` to confirm all prompts automatically):,flatpak update
Update only a specific app:,flatpak update {{com.example.app}}
Update/Downgrade to a specific commit (also see flatpak remote-info and flatpak mask):,flatpak update --commit={{COMMIT}} {{com.example.app}}
View current configuration:,sudo nft list ruleset
"Add a new table with family ""inet"" and table ""filter"":",sudo nft add table {{inet}} {{filter}}
Add a new chain to accept all inbound traffic:,sudo nft add chain {{inet}} {{filter}} {{input}} \{ type {{filter}} hook {{input}} priority {{0}} \; policy {{accept}} \; \}
Add a new rule to accept several TCP ports:,"sudo nft add rule {{inet}} {{filter}} {{input}} {{tcp}} {{dport \{ telnet, ssh, http, https \} accept}}"
Add a NAT rule to translate all traffic from the `192.168.0.0/24` subnet to the host's public IP:,sudo nft add rule {{nat}} {{postrouting}} ip saddr {{192.168.0.0/24}} {{masquerade}}
Show rule handles:,sudo nft --handle --numeric list chain {{family}} {{table}} {{chain}}
Delete a rule:,sudo nft delete rule {{inet}} {{filter}} {{input}} handle {{3}}
Save current configuration:,sudo nft list ruleset > {{/etc/nftables.conf}}
Open images:,nsxiv {{path/to/file1 path/to/file2 ...}}
Open images from directories in image mode:,nsxiv {{path/to/directory1 path/to/directory2 ...}}
Search directories recursively for images to view:,nsxiv {{[-r|--recursive]}} {{path/to/directory1 path/to/directory2 ...}}
Quit nsxiv:,<q>
Switch to thumbnail mode or open selected image in image mode:,<Enter>
Count images forward in image mode:,<n>
Count images backward in image mode:,<p>
Show battery information:,acpi
Show thermal information:,acpi {{[-t|--thermal]}}
Show cooling device information:,acpi {{[-c|--cooling]}}
Show thermal information in Fahrenheit:,acpi {{[-tf|--thermal --fahrenheit]}}
Show all information:,acpi {{[-V|--everything]}}
Extract information from `/proc` instead of `/sys`:,acpi {{[-p|--proc]}}
Show current build configuration to verify what would be built:,mkosi summary
"Build an image with default settings (if no distribution is selected, the distribution of the host system is used):",mkosi build --distribution {{fedora|debian|ubuntu|arch|opensuse|...}}
Build an image and run an interactive shell in a systemd-nspawn container of the image:,mkosi shell
Boot an image in a virtual machine using QEMU (only supported for disk images or CPIO images when a kernel is provided):,mkosi qemu
Display help:,mkosi help
Show all running services:,systemctl status
List failed units:,systemctl --failed
Start/Stop/Restart/Reload/Show the status a service:,systemctl {{start|stop|restart|reload|status}} {{unit}}
Enable/Disable a unit to be started on bootup:,systemctl {{enable|disable}} {{unit}}
"Reload systemd, scan for new or changed units:",systemctl daemon-reload
Check if a unit is active/enabled/failed:,systemctl {{is-active|is-enabled|is-failed}} {{unit}}
List all service/socket/automount units filtering by running/failed state:,systemctl list-units {{[-t|--type]}} {{service|socket|automount}} --state {{failed|running}}
Show the contents & absolute path of a unit file:,systemctl cat {{unit}}
Allow `goobook` to access Google contacts using OAuth2:,goobook authenticate
Dump all contacts to XML (`stdout`):,goobook dump_contacts
Display signatures for specified device:,sudo wipefs {{/dev/sdX}}
Wipe all available signature types for a specific device with no recursion into partitions:,sudo wipefs {{[-a|--all]}} {{/dev/sdX}}
Wipe all available signature types for the device and partitions using a glob pattern:,sudo wipefs {{[-a|--all]}} {{/dev/sdX}}*
Perform dry run:,sudo wipefs {{[-a|--all]}} {{[-n|--no-act]}} {{/dev/sdX}}
"Force wipe, even if the filesystem is mounted:",sudo wipefs {{[-a|--all]}} {{[-f|--force]}} {{/dev/sdX}}
Make a search using Google:,tuxi {{search_terms}}
"Display the search results in [r]aw format (no pretty output, no colors):",tuxi -r {{search_terms}}
"Display only search results (silences ""Did you mean?"", greetings and usage):",tuxi -q {{search_terms}}
Display help:,tuxi -h
Extract file contents in the current directory:,ripmime -i {{path/to/file}}
Extract file contents in a specific directory:,ripmime -i {{path/to/file}} -d {{path/to/directory}}
Extract file contents and print verbose output:,ripmime -i {{path/to/file}} -v
Get detailed information about the whole decoding process:,ripmime -i {{path/to/file}} --debug
Run a specific program inside the `wine` environment:,wine {{command}}
Run a specific program in background:,wine start {{command}}
Install/uninstall an MSI package:,wine msiexec /{{i|x}} {{path/to/package.msi}}
"Run `File Explorer`, `Notepad`, or `WordPad`:",wine {{explorer|notepad|write}}
"Run `Registry Editor`, `Control Panel`, or `Task Manager`:",wine {{regedit|control|taskmgr}}
Run the configuration tool:,wine winecfg
Start in the menu mode:,retroarch
Start in full screen mode:,retroarch --fullscreen
List all compiled features:,retroarch --features
Set the path of a configuration file:,retroarch --config={{path/to/config_file}}
Display help:,retroarch --help
Display version:,retroarch --version
Display information about all logical volumes:,sudo lvdisplay
Display information about all logical volumes in volume group vg1:,sudo lvdisplay {{vg1}}
Display information about logical volume lv1 in volume group vg1:,sudo lvdisplay {{vg1/lv1}}
Start the Logical Volume Manager interactive shell:,sudo lvm
Initialize a drive or partition to be used as a physical volume:,sudo lvm pvcreate {{/dev/sdXY}}
Display information about physical volumes:,sudo lvm pvdisplay
Create a volume group called vg1 from the physical volume on `/dev/sdXY`:,sudo lvm vgcreate {{vg1}} {{/dev/sdXY}}
Display information about volume groups:,sudo lvm vgdisplay
Create a logical volume with size 10G from volume group vg1:,sudo lvm lvcreate {{[-L|--size]}} {{10G}} {{vg1}}
Display information about logical volumes:,sudo lvm lvdisplay
Display help for a specific command:,lvm help {{command}}
Calibrate power usage measurements:,sudo powertop --calibrate
Generate HTML power usage report in the current directory:,sudo powertop --html={{power_report.html}}
Tune to optimal settings:,sudo powertop --auto-tune
Generate a report for a specified number of seconds (instead of 20 by default):,sudo powertop --time={{5}}
List multicast addresses and how many programs are subscribed to them:,ip {{[m|maddress]}}
List device specific addresses:,ip {{[m|maddress]}} {{[s|show]}} dev {{eth0}}
Join a multicast group statically:,sudo ip {{[m|maddress]}} {{[a|add]}} {{33:33:00:00:00:02}} dev {{eth0}}
Leave a static multicast group:,sudo ip {{[m|maddress]}} {{[d|delete]}} {{33:33:00:00:00:02}} dev {{eth0}}
Display help:,ip {{[m|maddress]}} {{[h|help]}}
Scan a webserver using the default wordlist:,dirb {{https://example.org}}
Scan a webserver using a custom wordlist:,dirb {{https://example.org}} {{path/to/wordlist.txt}}
Scan a webserver non-recursively:,dirb {{https://example.org}} -r
Scan a webserver using a specified user-agent and cookie for HTTP-requests:,dirb {{https://example.org}} -a {{user_agent_string}} -c {{cookie_string}}
View documentation for the original command:,tldr nmtui
Display the default device:,eject {{[-d|--default]}}
Eject the default device:,eject
"Eject a specific device (the default order is cd-rom, scsi, floppy and tape):",eject {{/dev/cdrom}}
Toggle whether a device's tray is open or closed:,eject {{[-T|--traytoggle]}} {{/dev/cdrom}}
Eject a cd drive:,eject {{[-r|--cdrom]}} {{/dev/cdrom}}
Eject a floppy drive:,eject {{[-f|--floppy]}} {{/mnt/floppy}}
Eject a tape drive:,eject {{[-q|--tape]}} {{/mnt/tape}}
Set whether the physical eject button is [i]gnored (`on` prevents ejecting):,eject {{[-i|--manualeject]}} {{on|off}}
List available PHP versions:,sudo phpquery -V
List available SAPIs for PHP 7.3:,sudo phpquery -v {{7.3}} -S
List enabled extensions for PHP 7.3 with the cli SAPI:,sudo phpquery -v {{7.3}} -s {{cli}} -M
Check if the JSON extension is enabled for PHP 7.3 with the apache2 SAPI:,sudo phpquery -v {{7.3}} -s {{apache2}} -m {{json}}
Download a profile:,instaloader {{profile_name}}
Download highlights:,instaloader --highlights {{profile_name}}
"Download posts with geotags (if available), suppressing any user interaction:",instaloader --quiet --geotags {{profile_name}}
Specify a user agent for HTTP requests:,instaloader --user-agent {{user_agent}} {{profile_name}}
Specify login info and download posts (useful for private profiles):,instaloader --login {{username}} --password {{password}} {{profile_name}}
Skip a target if the first downloaded file has been found (useful for updating Instagram archives):,instaloader --fast-update {{profile_name}}
Download stories and IGTV videos (login required):,instaloader --login {{username}} --password {{password}} --stories --igtv {{profile_name}}
Download all types of posts (login required):,instaloader --login {{username}} --password {{password}} --stories --igtv --highlights {{profile_name}}
View documentation for the original command:,tldr pacman remove
Display the contents of one or more files from a squashfs filesystem:,sqfscat {{filesystem.squashfs}} {{file1 file2 ...}}
Toggle play:,playerctl play-pause
Skip to the next track:,playerctl next
Go back to the previous track:,playerctl previous
List all players:,playerctl --list-all
Send a command to a specific player:,playerctl --player {{player_name}} {{play-pause|next|previous|...}}
Send a command to all players:,playerctl --all-players {{play-pause|next|previous|...}}
Display metadata about the current track:,"playerctl metadata --format ""{{Now playing: \{\{artist\}\} - \{\{album\}\} - \{\{title\}\}}}"""
Print the contents of a file in pride colors to `stdout`:,pridecat {{path/to/file}}
Print contents of a file in trans colors:,pridecat {{path/to/file}} {{[--trans|--transgender]}}
Alternate between lesbian and bisexual pride flags:,pridecat {{path/to/file}} --lesbian {{[--bi|--bisexual]}}
Print contents of a file with the background colors changed:,pridecat {{path/to/file}} {{[-b|--background]}}
List directory contents in pride flag colors:,ls | pridecat --{{flag}}
Connect `stdin` to a port (relative to `/dev`) and optionally specify a baud rate (defaults to 9600):,agetty {{tty}} {{115200}}
Assume `stdin` is already connected to a `tty` and set a timeout for the login:,agetty {{[-t|--timeout]}} {{timeout_in_seconds}} -
"Assume the `tty` is 8-bit, overriding the `TERM` environment variable set by `init`:",agetty {{[-8|--8bits]}} - {{term_var}}
"Skip the login (no login) and invoke, as root, another login program instead of `/bin/login`:",agetty {{[-n|--skip-login]}} {{[-l|--login-program]}} {{login_program}} {{tty}}
Do not display the pre-login (issue) file (`/etc/issue` by default) before writing the login prompt:,agetty {{[-i|--noissue]}} -
Change the root directory and write a specific fake host into the `utmp` file:,agetty {{[-r|--chroot]}} {{/path/to/root_directory}} {{[-H|--host]}} {{fake_host}} -
Reboot the system:,systemctl reboot
Reboot into the BIOS/UEFI menu:,systemctl reboot --firmware-setup
Search for lines beginning with a specific prefix in a specific file:,look {{prefix}} {{path/to/file}}
Case-insensitively search only on blank and alphanumeric characters:,look {{[-f|--ignore-case]}} {{[-d|--alphanum]}} {{prefix}} {{path/to/file}}
Specify a string termination character (space by default):,"look {{[-t|--terminate]}} {{,}}"
Search in `/usr/share/dict/words` (`--ignore-case` and `--alphanum` are assumed):,look {{prefix}}
Search in `/usr/share/dict/web2` (`--ignore-case` and `--alphanum` are assumed):,look {{[-a|--alternative]}} {{prefix}}
Create a ROM filesystem inside partition Y on device X:,mkfs.cramfs {{/dev/sdXY}}
Create a ROM filesystem with a volume-name:,mkfs.cramfs -n {{volume_name}} {{/dev/sdXY}}
List all mounted filesystems:,findmnt
Search for a device:,findmnt {{/dev/sdb1}}
Search for a mountpoint:,findmnt {{/}}
Find filesystems in specific type:,findmnt {{[-t|--types]}} {{ext4}}
Find filesystems with specific label:,findmnt LABEL={{BigStorage}}
Check mount table content in detail and verify `/etc/fstab`:,findmnt {{[-x|--verify]}} --verbose
Start a new VPN session:,openvpn3 session-start {{[-c|--config]}} {{path/to/config.conf}}
List established sessions:,openvpn3 sessions-list
Disconnect the currently established session started with given configuration:,openvpn3 session-manage {{[-c|--config]}} {{path/to/config.conf}} {{[-D|--disconnect]}}
Import VPN configuration:,openvpn3 config-import {{[-c|--config]}} {{path/to/config.conf}}
List imported configurations:,openvpn3 configs-list
Query information from a container:,sudo lxc-info {{container_name}}
Display help:,lxc-info {{[-?|--help]}}
Print a country where an IPv4 address or host is located:,acountry {{example.com}}
Print extra [d]ebugging output:,acountry -d {{example.com}}
Print more [v]erbose information:,acountry -v {{example.com}}
View network interface statistics since last query:,ifstat
View network interface statistics since last boot:,ifstat {{[-a|--ignore]}}
View error rate:,ifstat {{[-e|--errors]}}
Execute an expect script from a file:,expect {{path/to/file}}
Execute a specified expect script:,"expect -c ""{{commands}}"""
Enter an interactive REPL (use `exit` or `<Ctrl d>` to exit):,expect -i
Print the current time in a timezone:,zdump {{timezone}}
Display help:,zdump --help
Create a Debian Stable directory chroot:,sudo mmdebstrap stable {{path/to/debian-root/}}
Create a Debian Bookworm tarball chroot using a mirror:,mmdebstrap bookworm {{path/to/debian-bookworm.tar}} {{http://mirror.example.org/debian}}
Create a Debian Sid tarball chroot with additional packages:,"mmdebstrap sid {{path/to/debian-sid.tar}} --include={{pkg1,pkg2}}"
Build the package in the current directory and run all tests directly on the system:,autopkgtest -- {{null}}
Run a specific test for the package in the current directory:,autopkgtest --test-name={{test_name}} -- {{null}}
"Download and build a specific package with `apt-get`, then run all tests:",autopkgtest {{package}} -- {{null}}
Test the package in the current directory using a new root directory:,autopkgtest -- {{chroot}} {{path/to/new/root}}
Test the package in the current directory without rebuilding it:,autopkgtest {{[-B|--no-built-binaries]}} -- {{null}}
Change a username:,sudo usermod {{[-l|--login]}} {{new_username}} {{username}}
Change a user ID:,sudo usermod {{[-u|--uid]}} {{id}} {{username}}
Change a user shell:,sudo usermod {{[-s|--shell]}} {{path/to/shell}} {{username}}
Add a user to supplementary groups (mind the lack of whitespace):,"sudo usermod {{[-aG|--append --groups]}} {{group1,group2,...}} {{username}}"
Change a user home directory:,sudo usermod {{[-m|--move-home]}} {{[-d|--home]}} {{path/to/new_home}} {{username}}
Lock an account:,sudo usermod {{[-L|--lock]}} {{username}}
Unlock an account:,sudo usermod {{[-U|--unlock]}} {{username}}
Save the current screen layout:,autorandr --save {{profile_name}}
Show the saved profiles:,autorandr
Load the first detected profile:,autorandr --change
Load a specific profile:,autorandr --load {{profile_name}}
Set the default profile:,autorandr --default {{profile_name}}
List user accounts and their associated home directories:,homectl list
Create a user account and their associated home directory:,sudo homectl create {{username}}
Remove a specific user and the associated home directory:,sudo homectl remove {{username}}
Change the password for a specific user:,sudo homectl passwd {{username}}
Run a shell or a command with access to a specific home directory:,sudo homectl with {{username}} -- {{command}} {{command_arguments}}
Lock or unlock a specific home directory:,sudo homectl {{lock|unlock}} {{username}}
Change the disk space assigned to a specific home directory to 100 GiB:,sudo homectl resize {{username}} {{100G}}
Display help:,homectl --help
Create an empty repository:,repo-add {{path/to/database.db.tar.gz}}
Add all package binaries in the current directory and remove the old database file:,repo-add {{[-R|--remove]}} {{path/to/database.db.tar.gz}} {{*.pkg.tar.zst}}
Add all package binaries in the current directory in silent mode except for warning and error messages:,repo-add {{[-q|--quiet]}} {{path/to/database.db.tar.gz}} {{*.pkg.tar.zst}}
Add all package binaries in the current directory without showing color:,repo-add --nocolor {{path/to/database.db.tar.gz}} {{*.pkg.tar.zst}}
Register a new trigger. Execute the specified program when the specified event occurs:,strigger --set --{{primary_database_failure|primary_slurmdbd_failure|primary_slurmctld_acct_buffer_full|primary_slurmctld_failure|...}} {{[-p|--program]}} {{path/to/executable}}
Execute the specified program when the specified job terminated:,"strigger --set {{[-j|--jobid]}} {{job_id}} {{[-f|--fini]}} {{[-p|--program]}} ""{{path/to/executable}} {{argument1 argument2 ...}}"""
View active triggers:,strigger --get
View active triggers regarding the specified job:,strigger --get {{[-j|--jobid]}} {{job_id}}
Clear the specified trigger:,strigger --clear {{trigger_id}}
Generate locales:,locale-gen
Do not delete undefined locales:,locale-gen --keep-existing
Update the binary hardware database in `/etc/udev`:,systemd-hwdb update
Query the hardware database and print the result for a specific modalias:,systemd-hwdb query {{modalias}}
"Update the binary hardware database, returning a non-zero exit value on any parsing error:",systemd-hwdb {{[-s|--strict]}} update
Update the binary hardware database in `/usr/lib/udev`:,systemd-hwdb --usr update
Update the binary hardware database in the specified root path:,systemd-hwdb {{[-r|--root]}} {{path/to/root}} update
"List all files, including hidden files:",dir {{[-a|--all]}}
List files including their author (`-l` is required):,dir -l --author
List files excluding those that match a specified blob pattern:,dir --hide {{pattern}}
List subdirectories recursively:,dir {{[-R|--recursive]}}
Display help:,dir --help
Enter a `toolbox` container using the default image of a specific distribution:,toolbox enter {{[-d|--distro]}} {{distribution}}
Enter a `toolbox` container using the default image of a specific release of the current distribution:,toolbox enter {{[-r|--release]}} {{release}}
Enter a toolbox container using the default image for Fedora 39:,toolbox enter {{[-d|--distro]}} {{fedora}} {{[-r|--release]}} {{f39}}
Install an application to the desktop menu system:,xdg-desktop-menu install {{path/to/file.desktop}}
Install an application to the desktop menu system with the vendor prefix check disabled:,xdg-desktop-menu install --novendor {{path/to/file.desktop}}
Uninstall an application from the desktop menu system:,xdg-desktop-menu uninstall {{path/to/file.desktop}}
Force an update of the desktop menu system:,xdg-desktop-menu forceupdate --mode {{user|system}}
List all compatible displays:,ddcutil detect
Change the brightness (option 0x10) of display 1 to 50%:,ddcutil {{[-d|--display]}} {{1}} setvcp {{10}} {{50}}
Increase the contrast (option 0x12) of display 1 by 5%:,ddcutil {{[-d|--display]}} {{1}} setvcp {{12}} {{+}} {{5}}
Read the settings of display 1:,ddcutil {{[-d|--display]}} {{1}} getvcp {{ALL}}
Display MATE version:,mate-about --version
Update the list of available packages and versions:,wajig update
"Install a package, or update it to the latest available version:",wajig install {{package}}
Remove a package and its configuration files:,wajig purge {{package}}
Perform an update and then a dist-upgrade:,wajig daily-upgrade
Display the sizes of installed packages:,wajig sizes
List the version and distribution for all installed packages:,wajig versions
List versions of upgradable packages:,wajig toupgrade
Display packages which have some form of dependency on the given package:,wajig dependents {{package}}
"Display the current state of the system (known screens, resolutions, ...):",xrandr {{[-q|--query]}}
Disable disconnected outputs and enable connected ones with default settings:,xrandr --auto
"Change the resolution and update frequency of DisplayPort 1 to 1920x1080, 60Hz:",xrandr --output {{DP1}} --mode {{1920x1080}} --rate {{60}}
Set the resolution of HDMI2 to 1280x1024 and put it on the right of DP1:,xrandr --output {{HDMI2}} --mode {{1280x1024}} --right-of {{DP1}}
Disable the VGA1 output:,xrandr --output {{VGA1}} --off
Set the brightness for LVDS1 to 50%:,xrandr --output {{LVDS1}} --brightness {{0.5}}
Display the current state of any X server:,xrandr {{[-d|--display]}} :{{0}} {{[-q|--query]}}
Display 100 decimal digits of Archimedes' constant Pi:,pi
Display a specified number of decimal digits of Archimedes' constant Pi:,pi {{number}}
Display recommended readings:,pi --bibliography
Display help:,pi --help
Display version:,pi --version
List installed packages and their versions:,pkginfo {{[-i|--installed]}}
List files owned by a package:,pkginfo {{[-l|--list]}} {{package}}
List the owner(s) of files matching a pattern:,pkginfo {{[-o|--owner]}} {{pattern}}
Print the footprint of a file:,pkginfo -f {{path/to/file}}
Read a CD and write its contents to a file:,cdrdao read-cd --device {{/dev/cdrom}} --read-raw {{image.toc}}
Set capability `cap_net_raw` (to use RAW and PACKET sockets) for a given file:,setcap '{{cap_net_raw}}' {{path/to/file}}
"Set multiple capabilities on a file (`ep` behind the capability means ""effective permitted""):","setcap '{{cap_dac_read_search,cap_sys_tty_config+ep}}' {{path/to/file}}"
Remove all capabilities from a file:,setcap -r {{path/to/file}}
Verify that the specified capabilities are currently associated with the specified file:,setcap -v '{{cap_net_raw}}' {{path/to/file}}
The optional `-n root_uid` argument can be used to set the file capability for use only in a user namespace with this root user ID owner:,setcap -n {{root_uid}} '{{cap_net_admin}}' {{path/to/file}}
Tell the kernel to forget about the first partition of `/dev/sda`:,sudo delpart {{/dev/sda}} {{1}}
"Fake the time to this evening, before printing the result of `date`:",faketime '{{today 23:30}}' {{date}}
"Open a new Bash shell, which uses yesterday as the current date:",faketime '{{yesterday}}' {{bash}}
Simulate how a program would act next Friday night:,faketime '{{next Friday 1 am}}' {{path/to/program}}
Generate a random UUID:,uuidd {{[-r|--random]}}
Generate a bulk number of random UUIDs:,uuidd {{[-r|--random]}} {{[-n|--uuids]}} {{number_of_uuids}}
"Generate a time-based UUID, based on the current time and MAC address of the system:",uuidd {{[-t|--time]}}
Rename files using simple substitutions (substitute 'foo' with 'bar' wherever found):,rename {{foo}} {{bar}} {{*}}
Dry-run - display which renames would occur without performing them:,rename {{[-vn|--verbose --no-act]}} {{foo}} {{bar}} {{*}}
Do not overwrite existing files:,rename {{[-o|--no-overwrite]}} {{foo}} {{bar}} {{*}}
Change file extensions:,rename {{.ext}} {{.bak}} {{*.ext}}
"Prepend ""foo"" to all filenames in the current directory:",rename {{''}} {{'foo'}} {{*}}
Rename a group of increasingly numbered files zero-padding the numbers up to 3 digits:,rename {{foo}} {{foo00}} {{foo?}} && rename {{foo}} {{foo0}} {{foo??}}
Translate IP addresses (IPv4 and IPv6) to the corresponding ARPA name:,arpaname {{ip_address}}
Search block devices by filesystem label:,findfs LABEL={{label}}
Search by filesystem UUID:,findfs UUID={{uuid}}
Search by partition label (GPT or MAC partition table):,findfs PARTLABEL={{partition_label}}
Search by partition UUID (GPT partition table only):,findfs PARTUUID={{partition_uuid}}
Add (and enable) a repository from a URL:,dnf config-manager --add-repo={{repository_url}}
Print current configuration values:,dnf config-manager --dump
Enable a specific repository:,dnf config-manager --set-enabled {{repository_id}}
Disable specified repositories:,dnf config-manager --set-disabled {{repository_id1 repository_id2 ...}}
Set a configuration option for a repository:,dnf config-manager --setopt={{option}}={{value}}
Display help:,dnf config-manager --help-cmd
Show the highscores:,snake4scores
Set a filesystem label:,"mlabel -i {{/dev/sda}} ::""{{new_label}}"""
Check the Pi-hole daemon's status:,pihole status
Update Pi-hole and Gravity:,pihole {{[-up|updatePihole]}}
Start or stop the daemon:,pihole {{enable|disable}}
Update the lists and flush the cache without restarting the DNS server:,pihole reloaddns
Update the list of ad-serving domains:,pihole {{[-g|updateGravity]}}
Allow or deny the specified domain:,pihole {{allowlist|denylist}} {{example.com}}
Search the lists for a domain:,pihole {{[-q|query]}} {{example.com}}
Open a real-time log of connections:,pihole {{[-t|tail]}}
List information about loaded `eBPF` programs:,bpftool prog list
List `eBPF` program attachments in the kernel networking subsystem:,bpftool net list
List all active links:,bpftool link list
"List all `raw_tracepoint`, `tracepoint`, `kprobe` attachments in the system:",bpftool perf list
List `BPF Type Format (BTF)` data:,bpftool btf list
List information about loaded maps:,bpftool map list
"Probe a network device ""eth0"" for supported `eBPF` features:",bpftool feature probe dev {{eth0}}
Run commands in batch mode from a file:,bpftool batch file {{myfile}}
View documentation for the original command:,tldr dnf group
"Profile the default instance, logging to `profile.log` (`gnuplot` files and a HTML file for result visualizing are also generated):",pw-profiler
Change the log output file:,pw-profiler {{[-o|--output]}} {{path/to/file.log}}
Profile a remote instance:,pw-profiler {{[-r|--remote]}} {{remote_name}}
Display help:,pw-profiler {{[-h|--help]}}
Set output column count to a specific value:,img2txt --width={{10}}
Set output line count to a specific value:,img2txt --height={{5}}
Set output font width to a specific value:,img2txt --font-width={{12}}
Set output font height to a specific value:,img2txt --font-height={{14}}
Set image brightness to a specific value:,img2txt --brightness={{2}}
"Get max, min, mean and median of a single column of numbers:",seq 3 | datamash max 1 min 1 mean 1 median 1
"Get the mean of a single column of float numbers (floats must use "","" and not "".""):","echo -e '1.0\n2.5\n3.1\n4.3\n5.6\n5.7' | tr '.' ',' | datamash mean 1"
Get the mean of a single column of numbers with a given decimal precision:,echo -e '1\n2\n3\n4\n5\n5' | datamash {{[-R|--round]}} {{number_of_decimals_wanted}} mean 1
"Get the mean of a single column of numbers ignoring ""Na"" and ""NaN"" (literal) strings:",echo -e '1\n2\nNa\n3\nNaN' | datamash --narm mean 1
List available properties (and descriptions) for the given btrfs object:,sudo btrfs property list {{path/to/btrfs_object}}
Get all properties for the given btrfs object:,sudo btrfs property get {{path/to/btrfs_object}}
Get the `label` property for the given btrfs filesystem or device:,sudo btrfs property get {{path/to/btrfs_filesystem}} label
Get all object type-specific properties for the given btrfs filesystem or device:,sudo btrfs property get -t {{subvol|filesystem|inode|device}} {{path/to/btrfs_filesystem}}
Set the `compression` property for a given btrfs inode (either a file or directory):,sudo btrfs property set {{path/to/btrfs_inode}} compression {{zstd|zlib|lzo|none}}
Create a shell script that when executed extracts the given files from itself:,shar {{[-V|--vanilla-operation]}} {{path/to/file1 path/to/file2 ...}} > {{path/to/archive.sh}}
Compress the files in the archive:,shar {{[-C|--compactor]}} {{xz}} {{path/to/file1 path/to/file2 ...}} > {{path/to/archive.sh}}
Treat all files as binary (i.e. `uuencode` everything):,shar {{[-B|--uuencode]}} {{path/to/file1 path/to/file2 ...}} > {{path/to/archive.sh}}
Treat all files as text (i.e. `uuencode` nothing):,shar {{[-T|--text-files]}} {{path/to/file1 path/to/file2 ...}} > {{path/to/archive.sh}}
Include a name and cut mark in the header comment of the archive:,"shar {{[-n|--archive-name]}} ""{{My files}}"" {{[-c|--cut-mark]}} {{path/to/file1 path/to/file2 ...}} > {{path/to/archive.sh}}"
Increase a volume's size to 120 GB:,sudo lvextend {{[-L|--size]}} {{120G}} {{logical_volume}}
Increase a volume's size by 40 GB as well as the underlying filesystem:,sudo lvextend {{[-L|--size]}} +{{40G}} {{[-r|--resizefs]}} {{logical_volume}}
Increase a volume's size to 100% of the free physical volume space:,sudo lvextend {{[-l|--extents]}} +{{100}}%FREE {{logical_volume}}
Increase a volume's size to 100% of the free physical volume space and resize the underlying filesystem:,sudo lvextend {{[-l|--extents]}} +{{100}}%FREE {{[-r|--resizefs]}} {{logical_volume}}
Clone a package repository (requires setting an SSH key in your Arch Linux GitLab account):,pkgctl repo clone {{pkgname}}
Clone a package repository over HTTPS:,pkgctl repo clone --protocol https {{pkgname}}
Create a new GitLab package repository and clone it after creation (requires valid GitLab API authentication):,pkgctl repo create {{pkgbase}}
Switch a package repository to a specified version:,pkgctl repo switch {{version}} {{pkgbase}}
Open a package repository's website:,pkgctl repo web {{pkgbase}}
Show version of httpd package:,rpm --query {{httpd}}
List versions of all matching packages:,rpm --query --all '{{mariadb*}}'
Forcibly install a package regardless of currently installed versions:,rpm --upgrade {{path/to/package.rpm}} --force
Identify owner of a file and show version of the package:,rpm --query --file {{/etc/postfix/main.cf}}
List package-owned files:,rpm --query --list {{kernel}}
Show scriptlets from an RPM file:,rpm --query --package --scripts {{package.rpm}}
"Show changed, missing and/or incorrectly installed files of matching packages:",rpm --verify --all '{{php-*}}'
Display the changelog of a specific package:,rpm --query --changelog {{package}}
List snapshot configs:,snapper list-configs
Create snapper config:,snapper {{[-c|--config]}} {{config}} create-config {{path/to/directory}}
Create a snapshot with a description:,"snapper {{[-c|--config]}} {{config}} create {{[-d|--description]}} ""{{snapshot_description}}"""
List snapshots for a config:,snapper {{[-c|--config]}} {{config}} list
Delete a snapshot:,snapper {{[-c|--config]}} {{config}} delete {{snapshot_number}}
Delete a range of snapshots:,snapper {{[-c|--config]}} {{config}} delete {{snapshot1}}-{{snapshot2}}
Start the `atd` daemon:,systemctl start atd
Execute commands from `stdin` (press `<Ctrl d>` when done):,batch
Execute a command from `stdin`:,"echo ""{{./make_db_backup.sh}}"" | batch"
Start a caffeine server:,caffeine
Display help:,caffeine --help
Display version:,caffeine --version
Create a new group:,cgcreate -g {{group_type}}:{{group_name}}
Create a new group with multiple cgroup types:,"cgcreate -g {{group_type1}},{{group_type2}}:{{group_name}}"
Create a subgroup:,mkdir /sys/fs/cgroup/{{group_type}}/{{group_name}}/{{subgroup_name}}
Test the configuration file and then exit:,collectd -t
Test plugin data collection functionality and then exit:,collectd -T
Start `collectd`:,collectd
Specify a custom configuration file location:,collectd -C {{path/to/file}}
Specify a custom PID file location:,collectd -P {{path/to/file}}
Don't fork into the background:,collectd -f
Display help and version:,collectd -h
Apply a network configuration and make it persistent:,sudo netplan apply
Generate backend configuration files:,sudo netplan generate
Configure a network interface to use DHCP:,sudo netplan set ethernets.{{interface_name}}.dhcp4=true
Try configuration changes without applying them permanently:,sudo netplan try --timeout={{seconds}}
Return to previous working configuration after failed apply:,sudo netplan --debug apply
Display the current netplan configuration status:,netplan status
Resume a specific virtual machine:,qm resume {{vm_id}}
Resume a specific virtual machine ignoring locks (requires root):,sudo qm resume {{vm_id}} --skiplock true
Extract a squashfs filesystem to `squashfs-root` in the current working directory:,unsquashfs {{filesystem.squashfs}}
Extract a squashfs filesystem to the specified directory:,unsquashfs {{[-d|-dest]}} {{path/to/directory}} {{filesystem.squashfs}}
Display the names of files as they are extracted:,unsquashfs {{[-i|-info]}} {{filesystem.squashfs}}
Display the names of files and their attributes as they are extracted:,unsquashfs {{[-li|-linfo]}} {{filesystem.squashfs}}
List files inside the squashfs filesystem (without extracting):,unsquashfs {{[-l|-ls]}} {{filesystem.squashfs}}
List files and their attributes inside the squashfs filesystem (without extracting):,unsquashfs {{[-ll|-lls]}} {{filesystem.squashfs}}
"Align two or more sequences using megablast (default), with the e-value threshold of 1e-9, pairwise output format (default):",blastn -query {{query.fa}} -subject {{subject.fa}} -evalue {{1e-9}}
Align two or more sequences using blastn:,blastn -task blastn -query {{query.fa}} -subject {{subject.fa}}
"Align two or more sequences, custom tabular output format, output to file:",blastn -query {{query.fa}} -subject {{subject.fa}} -outfmt {{'6 qseqid qlen qstart qend sseqid slen sstart send bitscore evalue pident'}} -out {{output.tsv}}
"Search nucleotide databases using a nucleotide query, 16 threads (CPUs) to use in the BLAST search, with a maximum number of 10 aligned sequences to keep:",blastn -query {{query.fa}} -db {{path/to/blast_db}} -num_threads {{16}} -max_target_seqs {{10}}
Search the remote non-redundant nucleotide database using a nucleotide query:,blastn -query {{query.fa}} -db {{nt}} -remote
Display help (use `-help` for detailed help):,blastn -h
Enter a Distrobox container:,distrobox-enter {{container_name}}
Enter a Distrobox container and run a command at login:,distrobox-enter {{container_name}} -- {{sh -l}}
Enter a Distrobox container without instantiating a tty:,distrobox-enter {{[-n|--name]}} {{container_name}} -- {{uptime --pretty}}
Open a new urxvt window:,urxvt
Run in a specific directory:,urxvt -cd {{path/to/directory}}
Run a command in a new urxvt window:,urxvt -e {{command}}
Run a command and keep the window open:,urxvt --hold -e {{command}}
Run a command within the `sh` shell:,urxvt -e {{sh}} -c {{command}}
Display interface status:,ifstatus {{interface_name}}
Display help:,ifstatus
Interactively search for and install a package:,paru {{package_name_or_search_term}}
Synchronize and update all packages:,paru
Upgrade AUR packages:,paru -Sua
Get information about a package:,paru -Si {{package}}
Download `PKGBUILD` and other package source files from the AUR or ABS:,paru --getpkgbuild {{package}}
Display the `PKGBUILD` file of a package:,paru --getpkgbuild --print {{package}}
List available objects:,ubus list
Retrieve system information in JSON format:,ubus call system board
Listen to events:,ubus subscribe {{event_name}}
Display help:,ubus
Start the calculator:,mate-calc
Calculate a specific mathematic expression:,mate-calc --solve {{2 + 5}}
Start `calcurse` on interactive mode:,calcurse
Print the appointments and events for the current day and exit:,calcurse --appointment
Remove all local calcurse items and import remote objects:,calcurse-caldav --init=keep-remote
Remove all remote objects and push local calcurse items:,calcurse-caldav --init=keep-local
Copy local objects to the CalDAV server and vice versa:,calcurse-caldav --init=two-way
Manually inhibit desktop idleness with a toggle:,caffeine-indicator
Search for a package in your current sources:,apt-cache search {{query}}
Show information about a package:,apt-cache show {{package}}
Show whether a package is installed and up to date:,apt-cache policy {{package}}
Show dependencies for a package:,apt-cache depends {{package}}
Show packages that depend on a particular package:,apt-cache rdepends {{package}}
Switch to superuser (requires the root password):,su
Switch to a given user (requires the user's password):,su {{username}}
Switch to a given user and simulate a full login shell:,su - {{username}}
Execute a command as another user:,"su - {{username}} {{[-c|--command]}} ""{{command}}"""
List all available networks:,lxc network list
Show the configuration of a specific network:,lxc network show {{network_name}}
Add a running instance to a specific network:,lxc network attach {{network_name}} {{container_name}}
Create a new managed network:,lxc network create {{network_name}}
Set a bridge interface of a specific network:,lxc network set {{network_name}} bridge.external_interfaces {{eth0}}
Disable NAT for a specific network:,lxc network set {{network_name}} ipv{{4}}.nat false
Display the filename and line number of the source code from an instruction address of an executable:,addr2line {{[-e|--exe]}} {{path/to/executable}} {{address}}
"Display the function name, filename and line number:",addr2line {{[-e|--exe]}} {{path/to/executable}} {{[-f|--functions]}} {{address}}
Demangle the function name for C++ code:,addr2line {{[-e|--exe]}} {{path/to/executable}} {{[-f|--functions]}} {{[-C|--demangle]}} {{address}}
Import a VMDK/qcow2/raw disk image using a specific storage name:,qm importdisk {{vm_id}} {{path/to/disk}} {{storage_name}} --format {{qcow2|raw|vmdk}}
Add a plugin:,hyprpm add {{git_url}}
Remove a plugin:,hyprpm remove {{git_url|plugin_name}}
Enable a plugin:,hyprpm enable {{plugin_name}}
Disable a plugin:,hyprpm disable {{plugin_name}}
Update and check all plugins:,hyprpm update
Force an operation:,hyprpm {{[-f|--force]}} {{operation}}
List all installed plugins:,hyprpm list
Compress specific files:,compress {{path/to/file1 path/to/file2 ...}}
"Compress specific files, ignore non-existent ones:",compress -f {{path/to/file1 path/to/file2 ...}}
Specify the maximum compression bits (9-16 bits):,compress -b {{bits}}
Write to `stdout` (no files are changed):,compress -c {{path/to/file}}
Decompress files (functions like `uncompress`):,compress -d {{path/to/file}}
Display compression percentage:,compress -v {{path/to/file}}
Show CPU and hard disk performance data for the hard disk mounted at `/`:,pveperf
Create a virtual monitor:,krfb-virtualmonitor --resolution {{1920}}x{{1080}} --name {{monitor_name}} --password {{password}} --port {{5900}}
Walk the SNMP tree of host with public string querying all OIDs under `.1.3.6`:,braa public@{{ip}}:{{.1.3.6.*}}
Query the whole subnet `ip_range` for `system.sysLocation.0`:,braa public@{{ip_range}}:{{.1.3.6.1.2.1.1.6.0}}
Attempt to set the value of `system.sysLocation.0` to a specific workgroup:,braa private@{{ip}}:{{.1.3.6.1.2.1.1.6.0}}=s'{{workgroup}}'
Suspend a virtual machine by ID:,qm suspend {{vm_id}} {{integer}}
Skip the lock check when suspending the VM:,qm suspend {{vm_id}} {{integer}} --skiplock
Skip the lock check for storage when suspending the VM:,qm suspend {{vm_id}} {{integer}} --skiplockstorage
Interactively create a new subsystem:,apx subsystems new
List all available subsystems:,apx subsystems list
Reset a specific subsystem to its initial state:,apx subsystems reset {{[-n|--name]}} {{string}}
Force reset a specific subsystem:,apx subsystems reset {{[-n|--name]}} {{string}} {{[-f|--force]}}
Remove a specific subsystem:,apx subsystems rm {{[-n|--name]}} {{string}}
Force remove a specific subsystem:,apx subsystems rm {{[-n|--name]}} {{string}} {{[-f|--force]}}
Display A (default) record from DNS for hostname(s):,adig {{example.com}}
Display extra [d]ebugging output:,adig -d {{example.com}}
Connect to a specific DNS [s]erver:,adig -s {{1.2.3.4}} {{example.com}}
Use a specific TCP port to connect to a DNS server:,adig -T {{port}} {{example.com}}
Use a specific UDP port to connect to a DNS server:,adig -U {{port}} {{example.com}}
Start the lxc service:,systemctl start lxc-net
Start a container:,sudo lxc-start {{container_name}}
Start a container in the foreground:,sudo lxc-start {{container_name}} {{[-F|--foreground]]}
Exit out of a foreground container (run this in a separate terminal):,sudo lxc-stop {{container_name}}
Display help:,lxc-start {{[-?|--help]}}
View documentation for the original command:,tldr shnsplit
List all known package types that can be installed:,kpackagetool5 --list-types
Install the package from a directory:,kpackagetool5 {{[-t|--type]}} {{package_type}} {{[-i|--install]}} {{path/to/directory}}
Update installed package from a directory:,kpackagetool5 {{[-t|--type]}} {{package_type}} {{[-u|--upgrade]}} {{path/to/directory}}
List installed plasmoids (`--global` for all users):,kpackagetool5 {{[-t|--type]}} Plasma/Applet  {{[-l|--list]}} {{[-g|--global]}}
Remove a plasmoid by name:,"kpackagetool5 {{[-t|--type]}} Plasma/Applet  {{[-r|--remove]}} ""{{name}}"""
Capture all the events from the live system and print them to screen:,sysdig
Capture all the events from the live system and save them to disk:,sysdig {{[-w|--write]}} {{path/to/file}}.scap
Read events from a file and print them to screen:,sysdig {{[-r|--read]}} {{path/to/file}}.scap
Filter and Print all the open system calls invoked by cat:,sysdig proc.name=cat and evt.type=open
Register any found plugin and use dummy as input source passing to it open params:,sysdig -I dummy:'{{parameter}}'
List the available chisels:,sysdig {{[-cl|--list-chisels]}}
Use the spy_ip chisel to look at the data exchanged with ip address:,sysdig {{[-c|--chisel]}} spy_ip {{ip_address}}
View the current and permanent MAC addresses of a interface:,macchanger {{[-s|--show]}} {{interface}}
Set interface to a random MAC:,macchanger {{[-r|--random]}} {{interface}}
"Set an interface to a random MAC address, and pretend to be a [b]urned-[i]n-[a]ddress:",macchanger {{[-r|--random]}} {{[-b|--bia]}} {{interface}}
Set an interface to a specific MAC address:,macchanger {{[-m|--mac]}} {{XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX}} {{interface}}
Print the identifications (the first three bytes of a MAC address) of all known vendors:,macchanger {{[-l|--list]}}
Reset an interface to its permanent hardware MAC address:,macchanger {{[-p|--permanent]}} {{interface}}
Show the utilization of the default AMD GPU:,radeontop
Enable colored output:,radeontop --color
Select a specific GPU (the bus number is the first number in the output of `lspci`):,radeontop --bus {{bus_number}}
Specify the display refresh rate (higher means more GPU overhead):,radeontop --ticks {{samples_per_second}}
Set the value of a key. Fails if the key doesn't exist or the value is out of range:,gsettings set {{org.example.schema}} {{example-key}} {{value}}
Print the value of a key or the schema-provided default if the key has not been set in `dconf`:,gsettings get {{org.example.schema}} {{example-key}}
"Unset a key, so that its schema default value will be used:",gsettings reset {{org.example.schema}} {{example-key}}
"Display all (non-relocatable) schemas, keys, and values:",gsettings list-recursively
Display all keys and values (default if not set) from one schema:,gsettings list-recursively {{org.example.schema}}
Display schema-allowed values for a key (helpful with enum keys):,gsettings range {{org.example.schema}} {{example-key}}
Display the human-readable description of a key:,gsettings describe {{org.example.schema}} {{example-key}}
Format the output of a command for a 30 characters wide display:,"printf ""header1 header2\nbar foo\n"" | column {{[-c|--output-width]}} {{30}}"
Split columns automatically and auto-align them in a tabular format:,"printf ""header1 header2\nbar foo\n"" | column {{[-t|--table]}}"
"Specify the column delimiter character for the `--table` option (e.g. "","" for CSV) (defaults to whitespace):","printf ""header1,header2\nbar,foo\n"" | column {{[-t|--table]}} {{[-s|--separator]}} {{,}}"
Fill rows before filling columns:,"printf ""header1\nbar\nfoobar\n"" | column {{[-c|--output-width]}} {{30}} {{[-x|--fillrows]}}"
Set up the server with Laravel dependencies using the default PHP version:,larasail setup
Set up the server with Laravel dependencies using a specific PHP version:,larasail setup {{php71}}
Add a new Laravel site:,larasail host {{domain}} {{path/to/site_directory}}
Retrieve the Larasail user password:,larasail pass
Retrieve the Larasail MySQL password:,larasail mysqlpass
Format a partition with `bcachefs`:,sudo bcachefs format {{path/to/partition}}
Mount a `bcachefs` filesystem:,sudo bcachefs mount {{path/to/partition}} {{path/to/mountpoint}}
Create a RAID 0 filesystem where an SSD acts as a cache and an HDD acts as a long-term storage:,sudo bcachefs format --label=ssd.ssd1 {{path/to/ssd/partition}} --label=hdd.hdd1 {{path/to/hdd/partition}} --replicas=1 --foreground_target=ssd --promote_target=ssd --background_target=hdd
Mount a multidevice filesystem:,sudo bcachefs mount {{path/to/partition1}}:{{path/to/partition2}} {{path/to/mountpoint}}
Display disk usage:,bcachefs fs usage --human-readable {{path/to/mountpoint}}
Set replicas after formatting and mounting:,sudo bcachefs set-fs-option --metadata_replicas={{2}} --data_replicas={{2}} {{path/to/partition}}
Force `bcachefs` to ensure all files are replicated:,sudo bcachefs data rereplicate {{path/to/mountpoint}}
Create a snapshot of a particular directory:,bcachefs subvolume snapshot {{path/to/directory}} {{path/to/snapshot}}
Copy the text to the clipboard:,"wl-copy ""{{text}}"""
Pipe the command (`ls`) output to the clipboard:,{{ls}} | wl-copy
Copy for only one paste and then clear it:,"wl-copy --paste-once ""{{text}}"""
Copy an image:,wl-copy < {{path/to/image}}
Clear the clipboard:,wl-copy --clear
Add a `.gz` extension to the supplied Gzip files (Note: Other files are ignored):,zforce {{path/to/file1 path/to/file2 ...}}
Execute a process in a given cgroup with given controller:,cgexec -g {{controller}}:{{cgroup_name}} {{process_name}}
Run a program with gamescope on the terminal:,gamescope -- {{program}}
Run a game with gamescope through Steam:,gamescope -- %command%
Upscale a 720p game to 1440p with integer scaling:,gamescope {{[-h|--nested-height]}} 720 {{[-H|--output-height]}} 1440 {{[-S|--scaler]}} integer -- %command%
Limit a vsynced game to 30 FPS:,gamescope {{[-r|--nested-refresh]}} 30 -- %command%
Toggle fullscreen:,<Super f>
Show help:,gamescope --help
Display information about all physical volumes:,sudo pvdisplay
Display information about the physical volume on drive `/dev/sdXY`:,sudo pvdisplay {{/dev/sdXY}}
Show information for IPv4 and IPv6 sockets for both listening and connected sockets:,sockstat
Show information for IPv[4]/IPv[6] sockets [l]istening on specific [p]orts using a specific p[R]otocol:,"sockstat -{{4|6}} -l -R {{tcp|udp|raw|unix}} -p {{port1,port2...}}"
Also show [c]onnected sockets and [u]nix sockets:,sockstat -cu
Only show sockets of the specified `pid` or process:,sockstat -P {{pid|process}}
Only show sockets of the specified `uid` or user:,sockstat -U {{uid|user}}
Only show sockets of the specified `gid` or group:,sockstat -G {{gid|group}}
"Brute-force a password with a length of 4 to 8 characters, and contains only alphanumeric characters (order matters):",fcrackzip {{[-b|--brute-force]}} {{[-l|--length]}} 4-8 {{[-c|--charset]}} aA1 {{archive}}
"Brute-force a password in verbose mode with a length of 3 characters that only contains lowercase characters, `$` and `%`:",fcrackzip {{[-v|--verbose]}} {{[-b|--brute-force]}} {{[-l|--length]}} 3 {{[-c|--charset]}} a:$% {{archive}}
Brute-force a password that contains only lowercase and special characters:,fcrackzip {{[-b|--brute-force]}} {{[-l|--length]}} 4 {{[-c|--charset]}} a! {{archive}}
"Brute-force a password containing only digits, starting from the password `12345`:",fcrackzip {{[-b|--brute-force]}} {{[-l|--length]}} 5 {{[-c|--charset]}} 1 {{[-p|--init-password]}} 12345 {{archive}}
Crack a password using a wordlist:,fcrackzip {{[-u|--use-unzip]}} {{[-D|--dictionary]}} {{[-p|--init-password]}} {{wordlist}} {{archive}}
Benchmark cracking performance:,fcrackzip {{[-B|--benchmark]}}
"Update a user's ""Name"" field in the output of `finger`:",chfn {{[-f|--full-name]}} {{new_display_name}} {{username}}
"Update a user's ""Office Room Number"" field for the output of `finger`:",chfn {{[-o|--office]}} {{new_office_room_number}} {{username}}
"Update a user's ""Office Phone Number"" field for the output of `finger`:",chfn {{[-p|--office-phone]}} {{new_office_telephone_number}} {{username}}
"Update a user's ""Home Phone Number"" field for the output of `finger`:",chfn {{[-h|--home-phone]}} {{new_home_telephone_number}} {{username}}
Display the current mode of SELinux:,getenforce
Print action can be used to print any file on default run-mailcap tool:,print {{filename}}
With `run-mailcap`:,run-mailcap --action=print {{filename}}
Upgrade to the latest release:,sudo do-release-upgrade
Upgrade to the latest development release:,sudo do-release-upgrade --devel-release
Upgrade to the latest proposed release:,sudo do-release-upgrade --proposed
View documentation for `trash-empty`:,tldr trash
Create an empty IP set which will contain IP addresses:,ipset create {{set_name}} hash:ip
Destroy a specific IP set:,ipset destroy {{set_name}}
Add an IP address to a specific set:,ipset add {{set_name}} {{192.168.1.25}}
Delete a specific IP address from a set:,ipset del {{set_name}} {{192.168.1.25}}
Save an IP set:,ipset save {{set_name}} > {{path/to/ip_set}}
Write a specific key value:,"dconf write {{/path/to/key}} ""{{value}}"""
Write a specific string key value:,"dconf write {{/path/to/key}} ""'{{string}}'"""
Write a specific integer key value:,"dconf write {{/path/to/key}} ""{{5}}"""
Write a specific boolean key value:,"dconf write {{/path/to/key}} ""{{true|false}}"""
Write a specific array key value:,"dconf write {{/path/to/key}} ""[{{'first', 'second', ...}}]"""
Write a specific empty array key value:,"dconf write {{/path/to/key}} ""@as []"""
Display the `toolbox` manual:,toolbox help
Display the `toolbox` manual for a specific subcommand:,toolbox help {{subcommand}}
Trace all program executions occurring on the system:,sudo extrace
Run a command and only trace descendants of this command:,sudo extrace {{command}}
Print the current working directory of each process:,sudo extrace -d
Resolve the full path of each executable:,sudo extrace -l
Display the user running each process:,sudo extrace -u
Display the status of the most recent cloud-init run:,cloud-init status
Wait for cloud-init to finish running and then report status:,cloud-init status --wait
List available top-level metadata keys to query:,cloud-init query --list-keys
Query cached instance metadata for data:,cloud-init query {{dot_delimited_variable_path}}
Clean logs and artifacts to allow cloud-init to rerun:,cloud-init clean
Measure power with the default of 10 samples with an interval of 10 seconds:,powerstat
Measure power with custom number of samples and interval duration:,powerstat {{interval}} {{number_of_samples}}
Measure power using Intel's RAPL interface:,powerstat -R {{interval}} {{number_of_samples}}
Show a histogram of the power measurements:,powerstat -H {{interval}} {{number_of_samples}}
Enable all statistics gathering options:,powerstat -a {{interval}} {{number_of_samples}}
Execute a specific command:,exec {{command -with -flags}}
Execute a command with a (mostly) empty environment:,exec -c {{command -with -flags}}
Execute a command as a login shell:,exec -l {{command -with -flags}}
Execute a command with a different name:,exec -a {{name}} {{command -with -flags}}
"[r]econnect to a running server, and turn on logging 3 levels of [v]erbosity:",asterisk -r -vvv
"[r]econnect to a running server, run a single command, and return:","asterisk -r -x ""{{command}}"""
Show chan_SIP clients (phones):,"asterisk -r -x ""sip show peers"""
Show active calls and channels:,"asterisk -r -x ""core show channels"""
Show voicemail mailboxes:,"asterisk -r -x ""voicemail show users"""
Terminate a channel:,"asterisk -r -x ""hangup request {{channel_ID}}"""
Reload chan_SIP configuration:,"asterisk -r -x ""sip reload"""
Play a beep:,beep
Play a beep that repeats:,beep -r {{repetitions}}
Play a beep at a specified frequency (Hz) and duration (milliseconds):,beep -f {{frequency}} -l {{duration}}
Play each new frequency and duration as a distinct beep:,beep -f {{frequency}} -l {{duration}} {{[-n|--new]}} -f {{frequency}} -l {{duration}}
Play the C major scale:,beep -f {{262}} {{[-n|--new]}} -f {{294}} {{[-n|--new]}} -f {{330}} {{[-n|--new]}} -f {{349}} {{[-n|--new]}} -f {{392}} {{[-n|--new]}} -f {{440}} {{[-n|--new]}} -f {{494}} {{[-n|--new]}} -f {{523}}
View documentation for the original command:,tldr setarch
Print current working directory of a process:,pwdx {{process_id}}
Update a PO file according to the modification of its origin file:,po4a-updatepo --format {{text}} --master {{path/to/master.txt}} --po {{path/to/result.po}}
List available formats:,po4a-updatepo --help-format
Update several PO files according to the modification of their origin file:,po4a-updatepo --format {{text}} --master {{path/to/master.txt}} --po {{path/to/po1.po}} --po {{path/to/po2.po}}
Report stats for all quotas in use:,sudo repquota {{[-a|--all]}}
"Report quota stats for all users, even those who aren't using any of their quota:",sudo repquota {{[-v|--verbose]}} {{filesystem}}
Report on quotas for users only:,repquota {{[-u|--user]}} {{filesystem}}
Report on quotas for groups only:,sudo repquota {{[-g|--group]}} {{filesystem}}
Report on used quota and limits in a human-readable format:,sudo repquota {{[-s|--human-readable]}} {{filesystem}}
Report on all quotas for users and groups in a human-readable format:,sudo repquota {{[-augs|--all --user --group --human-readable]}}
Display available modules:,module avail
Search for a module by name:,module avail {{module_name}}
Load a module:,module load {{module_name}}
Display loaded modules:,module list
Unload a specific loaded module:,module unload {{module_name}}
Unload all loaded modules:,module purge
Specify user-created modules:,module use {{path/to/module_file1 path/to/module_file2 ...}}
List all known user records:,userdbctl user
Show details of a specific user:,userdbctl user {{username}}
List all known groups:,userdbctl group
Show details of a specific group:,userdbctl group {{groupname}}
List all services currently providing user/group definitions to the system:,userdbctl services
Display statistics every 5 seconds:,sudo turbostat
Display statistics every specified amount of seconds:,sudo turbostat {{[-i|--interval]}} {{n_seconds}}
Do not decode and print the system configuration header information:,sudo turbostat --quiet
"Display useful information about CPU every 1 second, without header information:","sudo turbostat --quiet {{[-i|--interval]}} 1 --cpu 0-{{CPU_thread_count}} --show ""PkgWatt"",""Busy%"",""Core"",""CoreTmp"",""Thermal"""
Display help:,turbostat --help
View documentation for the original command:,tldr pw-cat
Add and deploy given extension:,unopkg add {{path/to/extension}}
Remove extension:,unopkg remove {{extensions_id}}
Display information about deployed extensions:,unopkg list
Raise extensions dialog (GUI):,unopkg gui
Reinstall all deployed extensions:,unopkg reinstall
Display help:,unopkg {{[-h|--help]}}
Change the password for a specific user:,"printf ""{{username}}:{{new_password}}"" | sudo chpasswd"
Change the passwords for multiple users (The input text must not contain any spaces.):,"printf ""{{username_1}}:{{new_password_1}}\n{{username_2}}:{{new_password_2}}"" | sudo chpasswd"
"Change the password for a specific user, and specify it in encrypted form:","printf ""{{username}}:{{new_encrypted_password}}"" | sudo chpasswd --encrypted"
"Change the password for a specific user, and use a specific encryption for the stored password:","printf ""{{username}}:{{new_password}}"" | sudo chpasswd --crypt-method {{NONE|DES|MD5|SHA256|SHA512}}"
List binary packages which would be generated from a RPM spec file:,rpmspec --query {{path/to/rpm.spec}}
List all options for `--queryformat`:,rpmspec --querytags
Get summary information for single binary packages generated from a RPM spec file:,"rpmspec --query --queryformat ""{{%{name}: %{summary}\n}}"" {{path/to/rpm.spec}}"
Get the source package which would be generated from a RPM spec file:,rpmspec --query --srpm {{path/to/rpm.spec}}
Parse a RPM spec file to `stdout`:,rpmspec --parse {{path/to/rpm.spec}}
Start the server:,sudo apachectl start
Restart the server:,sudo apachectl restart
Stop the server:,sudo apachectl stop
Test configuration file validity:,apachectl configtest
Check server status (requires the lynx browser):,apachectl status
Reload configuration without dropping connections:,sudo apachectl graceful
Print full Apache configuration:,apachectl -S
Display help:,apachectl -h
Show information about all active IPC facilities:,ipcs
"Show information about active shared [m]emory segments, message [q]ueues or [s]empahore sets:",ipcs {{--shmems|--queues|--semaphores}}
Show full details on the resource with a specific ID:,ipcs {{--shmems|--queues|--semaphores}} {{[-i|--id]}} {{resource_id}}
Show limits in [b]ytes or in a human-readable format:,ipcs {{[-l|--limits]}} {{--bytes|--human}}
Show s[u]mmary about current usage:,ipcs {{[-u|--summary]}}
Show creator's and owner's UIDs and PIDs for all IPC facilities:,ipcs {{[-c|--creator]}}
Show the PID of the last operators for all IPC facilities:,ipcs {{[-p|--pid]}}
Show last access times for all IPC facilities:,ipcs {{[-t|--time]}}
Run a program in a new session:,setsid {{program}}
Run a program in a new session discarding the resulting output and error:,setsid {{program}} > /dev/null 2>&1
Run a program creating a new process:,setsid {{[-f|--fork]}} {{program}}
Return the exit code of a program as the exit code of setsid when the program exits:,setsid {{[-w|--wait]}} {{program}}
Run a program in a new session setting the current terminal as the controlling terminal:,setsid {{[-c|--ctty]}} {{program}}
Display a calendar for the current month:,cal
Display 3 months spanning the date:,cal {{[-3|--three]}}
Display the whole calendar for the current year:,cal {{[-y|--year]}}
Display the next twelve months:,cal {{[-Y|--twelve]}}
Use Monday as the first day of the week:,cal {{[-m|--monday]}}
Display a calendar for a specific year (4 digits):,cal {{year}}
Display a calendar for a specific month and year:,cal {{month}} {{year}}
Prepare the root filesystem for use with fscrypt:,fscrypt setup
Enable filesystem encryption for a directory:,fscrypt encrypt {{path/to/directory}}
Unlock an encrypted directory:,fscrypt unlock {{path/to/encrypted_directory}}
Lock an encrypted directory:,fscrypt lock {{path/to/encrypted_directory}}
Display information about a specific undo file:,e2undo -h {{path/to/undo_file}} {{/dev/sdXN}}
Perform a dry-run and display the candidate blocks for replaying:,e2undo -nv {{path/to/undo_file}} {{/dev/sdXN}}
Perform an undo operation:,e2undo {{path/to/undo_file}} {{/dev/sdXN}}
Perform an undo operation and display verbose information:,e2undo -v {{path/to/undo_file}} {{/dev/sdXN}}
Write the old contents of the block to an undo file before overwriting a file system block:,e2undo -z {{path/to/file.e2undo}} {{path/to/undo_file}} {{/dev/sdXN}}
Install a new package:,guix package {{[-i|--install]}} {{package}}
Remove a package:,guix package {{[-r|--remove]}} {{package}}
Search the package database for a regular expression:,"guix package {{[-s|--search]}} ""{{search_pattern}}"""
List installed packages:,guix package {{[-I|--list-installed]}}
List generations:,guix package {{[-l|--list-generations]}}
Roll back to the previous generation:,guix package --roll-back
List all entries in the `Passwords` folder of `kdewallet`:,kwallet-query {{kdewallet}} {{[-l|--list-entries]}}
List all entries in a specific folder:,kwallet-query {{kdewallet}} {{[-l|--list-entries]}} {{[-f|--folder]}} {{folder_name}}
List all available folders:,"kwallet-query  {{kdewallet}} {{[-l|--list-entries]}} {{[-f|--folder]}} """""
Display help:,kwallet-query {{[-h|--help]}}
Pull the list of SlackBuilds to run `sport` for the first time:,sudo mkdir {{[-p|--parents]}} /usr/ports && sudo rsync {{[-av|--archive --verbose]}} rsync://slackbuilds.org /slackbuilds/$(awk '{print $2}' /etc/slackware-version)/ /usr/ports/
Pull in any updates to the system's tree via `rsync`:,sudo sport rsync
Search for a package by name:,"sport search ""{{keyword}}"""
Check if a package is installed:,sport check {{package}}
Display README and `.info` files of a package:,sport cat {{package}}
Install a package once the dependencies are resolved:,sudo sport install {{package}}
Install a list of packages from a file (format: packages separated by spaces):,sudo sport install $(< {{path/to/list}})
Output the first few lines of a file:,head {{[-n|--lines]}} {{count}} {{path/to/file}}
Output the first few bytes of a file:,head {{[-c|--bytes]}} {{count}} {{path/to/file}}
Output everything but the last few lines of a file:,head {{[-n|--lines]}} -{{count}} {{path/to/file}}
Output everything but the last few bytes of a file:,head {{[-c|--bytes]}} -{{count}} {{path/to/file}}
Run MediaMTX:,mediamtx
Run MediaMTX with a custom configuration location:,mediamtx {{path/to/config.yml}}
Start MediaMTX as a daemon:,systemctl start mediamtx
List available cameras:,cam {{[-l|--list]}}
List controls of a camera:,cam {{[-c|--camera]}} {{camera_index}} --list-controls
Write frames to a folder:,cam {{[-c|--camera]}} {{camera_index}} {{[-C|--capture=]}}{{frames_to_capture}} {{[-F|--file]}}
Display camera feed in a window:,cam {{[-c|--camera]}} {{camera_index}} {{[-C|--capture]}} {{[-S|--sdl]}}
List keys in a specific keyring:,keyctl list {{target_keyring}}
List current keys in the user default session:,keyctl list {{@us}}
Store a key in a specific keyring:,keyctl add {{type_keyring}} {{key_name}} {{key_value}} {{target_keyring}}
Store a key with its value from `stdin`:,echo -n {{key_value}} | keyctl padd {{type_keyring}} {{key_name}} {{target_keyring}}
Put a timeout on a key:,keyctl timeout {{key_name}} {{timeout_in_seconds}}
Read a key and format it as a hex-dump if not printable:,keyctl read {{key_name}}
Read a key and format as-is:,keyctl pipe {{key_name}}
Revoke a key and prevent any further action on it:,keyctl revoke {{key_name}}
Update the metadata database:,sudo apt update
Search for packages that contain the specified file or path:,apt-file {{search|find}} {{partial_path/to/file}}
List the contents of a specific package:,apt-file {{show|list}} {{package}}
Search for packages that match the `regular_expression`:,apt-file {{search|find}} {{[-x|--regexp]}} {{regular_expression}}
List all virtual machines:,qm list
"Using an ISO file uploaded on the local storage, create a virtual machine with a 4 GB IDE disk on the `local-lvm` storage and an ID of 100:",qm create {{100}} -ide0 {{local-lvm:4}} -net0 {{e1000}} -cdrom {{local:iso/proxmox-mailgateway_2.1.iso}}
"Show the configuration of a virtual machine, specifying its ID:",qm config {{100}}
Start a specific virtual machine:,qm start {{100}}
"Send a shutdown request, then wait until the virtual machine is stopped:",qm shutdown {{100}} && qm wait {{100}}
Destroy a virtual machine and remove all related resources:,qm destroy {{100}} --purge
Display CPU statistics every 2 seconds:,mpstat {{2}}
"Display 5 reports, one by one, at 2 second intervals:",mpstat {{2}} {{5}}
"Display 5 reports, one by one, from a given processor, at 2 second intervals:",mpstat -P {{0}} {{2}} {{5}}
Flash an ISO to a drive:,caligula burn {{path/to/image.iso}}
Flash an ISO to a drive without entering the hash interactively:,caligula burn {{path/to/image.iso}}  {{[s|--hash]}} {{hash}}
View documentation for the original command:,tldr setarch
Make a package:,makepkg
Make a package and install its dependencies:,makepkg {{[-s|--syncdeps]}}
"Make a package, install its dependencies then install it to the system:",makepkg {{[-si|--syncdeps --install]}}
"Make a package, but skip checking the source's hashes:",makepkg --skipchecksums
Clean up work directories after a successful build:,makepkg {{[-c|--clean]}}
Verify the hashes of the sources:,makepkg --verifysource
Generate and save the source information into `.SRCINFO`:,makepkg --printsrcinfo > .SRCINFO
Download the source and install only the build dependencies for a program:,makepkg {{[-so|--syncdeps --nobuild]}}
View an animation:,cacademo
Run command as root:,pkexec {{command}}
Switch user to root:,pkexec
Run command as a specific user:,pkexec --user {{username}} {{command}}
Print a specific key value:,dconf read {{/path/to/key}}
Print a specific path sub-directories and sub-keys:,dconf list {{/path/to/directory/}}
Write a specific key value:,"dconf write {{/path/to/key}} ""{{value}}"""
Reset a specific key value:,dconf reset {{/path/to/key}}
Watch a specific key/directory for changes:,dconf watch {{/path/to/key|/path/to/directory/}}
Dump a specific directory in INI file format:,dconf dump {{/path/to/directory/}}
Display all information about a PE file:,readpe {{path/to/executable}}
Display all the headers present in a PE file:,readpe --all-headers {{path/to/executable}}
Display all the sections present in a PE file:,readpe --all-sections {{path/to/executable}}
Display a specific header from a PE file:,readpe --header {{dos|coff|optional}} {{path/to/executable}}
List all imported functions:,readpe --imports {{path/to/executable}}
List all exported functions:,readpe --exports {{path/to/executable}}
Update PO files and documents according to the specified configuration file:,po4a {{path/to/config_file}}
Show all EXIF data:,jhead {{path/to/image.jpg}}
Set the file's date and time to the EXIF create date (file creation date will be changed):,jhead -ft {{path/to/image.jpg}}
Set the EXIF time to the file's date and time (EXIF data will be changed):,jhead -dsft {{path/to/image.jpg}}
Rename all JPEG files based on the EXIF create date to `YYYY_MM_DD-HH_MM_SS.jpg`:,jhead -n%Y_%m_%d-%H_%M_%S *.jpg
"Rotate losslessly all JPEG images by 90, 180 or 270 based on the EXIF orientation tag:",jhead -autorot *.jpg
Update all EXIF timestamps (Format: +- hour:minute:seconds) (example: forgot to change the camera's time zone - removing 1 hour from timestamps):,jhead -ta-1:00:00 *.jpg
Remove all EXIF data (including thumbnails):,jhead -purejpg {{path/to/image.jpg}}
View documentation for the original command:,tldr chromium
List available modems:,mmcli --list-modems
Print information about a modem:,mmcli --modem={{modem}}
Enable a modem:,mmcli --modem={{modem}} --enable
List SMS messages available on the modem:,sudo mmcli --modem={{modem}} --messaging-list-sms
"Delete a message from the modem, specifying its path:",sudo mmcli --modem={{modem}} --messaging-delete-sms={{path/to/message_file}}
Create an F2FS filesystem inside partition Y on device X:,sudo mkfs.f2fs {{/dev/sdXY}}
Create an F2FS filesystem with a volume label:,sudo mkfs.f2fs -l {{volume_label}} {{/dev/sdXY}}
List available locales:,eselect locale list
Set the `LANG` environment variable in `/etc/profile.env` by name or index from the `list` command:,eselect locale set {{name|index}}
Display the value of `LANG` in `/etc/profile.env`:,eselect locale show
Open a given serial port:,sudo cu {{[-l|--line]}} {{/dev/ttyXYZ}}
Open a given serial port with a given baud rate:,sudo cu {{[-l|--line]}} {{/dev/ttyXYZ}} {{[-s|--speed]}} {{115200}}
Open a given serial port with a given baud rate and echo characters locally (half-duplex mode):,sudo cu {{[-l|--line]}} {{/dev/ttyXYZ}} {{[-s|--speed]}} {{115200}} {{[-h|--halfduplex]}}
"Open a given serial port with a given baud rate, parity, and no hardware or software flow control:",sudo cu {{[-l|--line]}} {{/dev/ttyXYZ}} {{[-s|--speed]}} {{115200}} --parity={{even|odd|none}} {{[-f|--nortscts]}} --nostop
Exit the `cu` session when in connection:,<Enter><~><.>
Display help:,cu --help
Log only HTTPS POST traffic on port 10000 by default:,sslstrip
Log only HTTPS POST traffic on port 8080:,sslstrip --listen={{8080}}
Log all SSL traffic to and from the server on port 8080:,sslstrip --ssl --listen={{8080}}
Log all SSL and HTTP traffic to and from the server on port 8080:,sslstrip --listen={{8080}} --all
Specify the file path to store the logs:,sslstrip --listen={{8080}} --write={{path/to/file}}
Display help:,sslstrip --help
Clear QML cache:,latte-dock --clear-cache
Import and load default layout on startup:,latte-dock --default-layout
Load a specific layout on startup:,latte-dock --layout {{layout_name}}
Import and load a specific layout:,latte-dock --import-layout {{path/to/file}}
Add the current node to an existing cluster:,pvecm add {{hostname_or_ip}}
Add a node to the cluster configuration (internal use):,pvecm addnode {{node}}
Display the version of the cluster join API available on this node:,pvecm apiver
Generate new cluster configuration:,pvecm create {{clustername}}
Remove a node from the cluster configuration:,pvecm delnode {{node}}
Display the local view of the cluster nodes:,pvecm nodes
Display the local view of the cluster status:,pvecm status
Search for packages from the official repositories and AUR:,aura --aursync --both --search {{keyword|regular_expression}}
Install a package from the AUR:,aura --aursync {{package}}
Update all AUR packages in a verbose mode and remove all make dependencies:,aura --aursync --diff --sysupgrade --delmakedeps --unsuppress
Install a package from the official repositories:,aura --sync {{package}}
Synchronize and update all packages from the official repositories:,aura --sync --refresh --sysupgrade
Downgrade a package using the package cache:,aura --downgrade {{package}}
Remove a package and its dependencies:,aura --remove --recursive --unneeded {{package}}
Remove orphan packages (installed as dependencies but not required by any package):,aura --orphans --abandon
Sleep until all processes whose PIDs have been specified have exited:,waitpid {{pid1 pid2 ...}}
Sleep for at most `n` seconds:,waitpid {{[-t|--timeout]}} {{n}} {{pid1 pid2 ...}}
Do not error if specified PIDs have already exited:,waitpid {{[-e|--exited]}} {{pid1 pid2 ...}}
Sleep until `n` of the specified processes have exited:,waitpid {{[-c|--count]}} {{n}} {{pid1 pid2 ...}}
Display help:,waitpid {{[-h|--help]}}
"List all windows, managed by the window manager:",wmctrl -l
Switch to the first window whose (partial) title matches:,wmctrl -a {{window_title}}
"Move a window to the current workspace, raise it and give it focus:",wmctrl -R {{window_title}}
Switch to a workspace:,wmctrl -s {{workspace_number}}
Select a window and toggle fullscreen:,"wmctrl -r {{window_title}} -b toggle,fullscreen"
Select a window and move it to a workspace:,wmctrl -r {{window_title}} -t {{workspace_number}}
Split Zip archive into parts that are no larger than 36000 bytes (36 MB):,zipsplit {{path/to/archive.zip}}
Use a given [n]umber of bytes as the part limit:,zipsplit -n {{size}} {{path/to/archive.zip}}
[p]ause between the creation of each part:,zipsplit -p -n {{size}} {{path/to/archive.zip}}
Output the smaller Zip archives into a given directory:,zipsplit -b {{path/to/output_directory}} -n {{size}} {{path/to/archive.zip}}
Set a memory block offline:,sudo chmem {{[-b|--block]}} {{[-d|--disable]}} {{block_number}}
Set a memory block online:,sudo chmem {{[-b|--block]}} {{[-e|--enable]}} {{block_number}}
Set a memory range offline using hexadecimal addresses:,sudo chmem {{[-d|--disable]}} 0x{{start_address}}-0x{{end_address}}
Set a memory range online using hexadecimal addresses:,sudo chmem {{[-e|--enable]}} 0x{{start_address}}-0x{{end_address}}
"Set memory online and assign it to a specific zone (e.g., Movable):",sudo chmem {{[-e|--enable]}} 0x{{start_address}} {{[-z|--zone]}} {{Movable}}
Display help:,chmem {{[-h|--help]}}
Fix a given NTFS partition:,sudo ntfsfix {{/dev/sdXN}}
Show the current number lock status:,numlockx status
Turn the number lock on:,numlockx on
Turn the number lock off:,numlockx off
Toggle the current state:,numlockx toggle
Run a command as root:,run0 {{command}}
Run a command as another user and/or group:,run0 {{[-u|--user]}} {{username|uid}} {{[-g|--group]}} {{group_name|gid}} {{command}}
"Get all mirrors, sort for download speed and save them:",sudo reflector --sort {{rate}} --save {{/etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist}}
Only get German HTTPS mirrors:,reflector --country {{Germany}} --protocol {{https}}
Only get the 10 recently sync'd mirrors:,reflector --latest {{10}}
Use a configuration file to fetch mirrors:,sudo reflector @{{/etc/xdg/reflector/reflector.conf}}
Display help:,reflector {{[-h|--help]}}
Set up a VPN tunnel:,wg-quick up {{interface_name}}
Delete a VPN tunnel:,wg-quick down {{interface_name}}
"Dump a guest virtual machine into the default dump directory (usually `/var/lib/vz/dump/`), excluding snapshots:",vzdump {{vm_id}}
"Back up the guest virtual machines with the IDs 101, 102, and 103:",vzdump {{101 102 103}}
Dump a guest virtual machine using a specific mode:,vzdump {{vm_id}} --mode {{suspend|snapshot}}
Back up all guest systems and send an notification email to the root and admin users:,vzdump --all --mode {{suspend}} --mailto {{root}} --mailto {{admin}}
Use snapshot mode (no downtime required) and a non-default dump directory:,vzdump {{vm_id}} --dumpdir {{path/to/directory}} --mode {{snapshot}}
Back up all guest virtual machines excluding the IDs 101 and 102:,"vzdump --mode {{suspend}} --exclude {{101, 102}}"
Read a key from the global configuration:,kreadconfig5 --group {{group_name}} --key {{key_name}}
Read a key from a specific configuration file:,kwriteconfig5 --file {{path/to/file}} --group {{group_name}} --key {{key_name}}
Check if systemd is used to start the Plasma session:,kreadconfig5 --file {{startkderc}} --group {{General}} --key {{systemdBoot}}
Search for a package:,eix {{query}}
Search for installed packages:,eix --installed {{query}}
Search in package descriptions:,"eix --description ""{{description}}"""
Search by package license:,eix --license {{license}}
Exclude results from search:,eix --not --license {{license}}
Trace the route to a host:,tcptraceroute {{host}}
Specify the destination port and packet length in bytes:,tcptraceroute {{host}} {{destination_port}} {{packet_length}}
Specify the local source port and source address:,tcptraceroute {{host}} -p {{source_port}} -s {{source_address}}
Set the first and maximum TTL:,tcptraceroute {{host}} -f {{first_ttl}} -m {{max_ttl}}
Specify the wait time and number of queries per hop:,tcptraceroute {{host}} -w {{wait_time}} -q {{number_of_queries}}
Specify the interface:,tcptraceroute {{host}} -i {{interface}}
"Verify `PKGBUILD` integrity, generate `.SRCINFO`, create a commit message template, and publish the package to the AUR:",aurpublish {{package_name}}
Add githooks to the current repository:,aurpublish setup
Display help:,aurpublish {{[-h|--help]}}
"Unmount a filesystem, by passing the path to the source it is mounted from:",umount {{path/to/device_file}}
"Unmount a filesystem, by passing the path to the target where it is mounted:",umount {{path/to/mounted_directory}}
"When an unmount fails, try to remount the filesystem read-only:",umount {{[-r|--read-only]}} {{path/to/mounted_directory}}
Recursively unmount each specified directory:,umount {{[-R|--recursive]}} {{path/to/mounted_directory}}
Unmount all mounted filesystems (except the `proc` filesystem):,umount {{[-a|--all]}}
"Record a snippet in ""CD"" quality (finish with `<Ctrl c>` when done):",arecord {{[-vv|--verbose --verbose]}} {{[-f|--format]}} cd {{path/to/file.wav}}
"Record a snippet in ""CD"" quality, with a fixed duration of 10 seconds:",arecord {{[-vv|--verbose --verbose]}} {{[-f|--format]}} cd {{[-d|--duration]}} {{10}} {{path/to/file.wav}}
Record a snippet and save it as an MP3 (finish with `<Ctrl c>` when done):,arecord {{[-vv|--verbose --verbose]}} {{[-f|--format]}} cd {{[-t|--file-type]}} raw | lame -r - {{path/to/file.mp3}}
List all sound cards and digital audio devices:,arecord {{[-l|--list-devices]}}
Allow interactive interface (e.g. use `<Space>` or `<Enter>` to play or pause):,arecord {{[-i|--interactive]}}
Test your microphone by recording a 5 second sample and playing it back:,arecord {{[-d|--duration]}} 5 test-mic.wav && aplay test-mic.wav && rm test-mic.wav
Convert a PDF page to PNG or JPEG format:,pstoedit -page {{page_number}} -f magick {{path/to/file.pdf}} {{page.png|page.jpg]}}
Convert multiple PDF pages to numbered images:,pstoedit -f magick {{path/to/file}} {{page%d.png|page%d.jpg}}
View documentation for the recommended replacement:,tldr tail
List all boot options with their numbers:,efibootmgr {{[-u|--unicode]}}
Add UEFI Shell v2 as a boot option:,"sudo efibootmgr {{[-c|--create]}} {{[-d|--disk]}} {{/dev/sda}} {{[-p|--part]}} {{1}} {{[-l|--loader]}} ""{{\path\to\shell.efi}}"" {{[-L|--label]}} ""{{UEFI Shell}}"""
Add Linux as a boot option:,"sudo efibootmgr {{[-c|--create]}} {{[-d|--disk]}} {{/dev/sda}} {{[-p|--part]}} {{1}} {{[-l|--loader]}} ""{{\vmlinuz}}"" {{[-u|--unicode]}} ""{{kernel_cmdline}}"" {{[-L|--label]}} ""{{Linux}}"""
Change the current boot order:,"sudo efibootmgr {{[-o|--bootorder]}} {{0002,0008,0001,001A,...}}"
Delete a boot option:,sudo efibootmgr {{[-b|--bootnum]}} {{0008}} {{[-B|--delete-bootnum]}}
Recursively synchronize a directory to another location:,fpsync -v {{/path/to/source/}} {{/path/to/destination/}}
Recursively synchronize a directory with the final pass (It enables rsync's `--delete` option with each synchronization job):,fpsync -v -E {{/path/to/source/}} {{/path/to/destination/}}
Recursively synchronize a directory to a destination using 8 concurrent synchronization jobs:,fpsync -v -n 8 -E {{/path/to/source/}} {{/path/to/destination/}}
Recursively synchronize a directory to a destination using 8 concurrent synchronization jobs spread over two remote workers (machine1 and machine2):,fpsync -v -n 8 -E -w login@machine1 -w login@machine2 -d {{/path/to/shared/directory}} {{/path/to/source/}} {{/path/to/destination/}}
"Recursively synchronize a directory to a destination using 4 local workers, each one transferring at most 1000 files and 100 MB per synchronization job:",fpsync -v -n 4 -f 1000 -s $((100 * 1024 * 1024)) {{/path/to/source/}} {{/path/to/destination/}}
Recursively synchronize any directories but exclude specific `.snapshot*` files (Note: Options and values must be separated by a pipe character):,"fpsync -v -O ""-x|.snapshot*"" {{/path/to/source/}} {{/path/to/destination/}}"
Search the pubmed database for selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor:,"esearch -db pubmed -query ""{{selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor}}"""
Search the protein database using a query and regexp:,esearch -db {{protein}} -query {{'Escherichia*'}}
Search the nucleotide database for sequences whose metadata contain insulin and rodents:,"esearch -db nuccore -query ""{{insulin [PROT] AND rodents [ORGN]}}"""
Display help:,esearch {{[-h|-help]}}
Start the editor:,xed
Open specific files:,xed {{path/to/file1 path/to/file2 ...}}
Open files using a specific encoding:,xed --encoding {{WINDOWS-1252}} {{path/to/file1 path/to/file2 ...}}
Print all supported encodings:,xed --list-encodings
Open a file and go to a specific line:,xed +{{10}} {{path/to/file}}
Update the list of available slackbuilds and versions:,slapt-src {{[-u|--update]}}
List all available slackbuilds:,slapt-src {{[-l|--list]}}
"Fetch, build and install the specified slackbuild(s):",slapt-src {{[-i|--install]}} {{slackbuild_name}}
Locate slackbuilds by their name or description:,slapt-src {{[-s|--search]}} {{search_term}}
Display information about a slackbuild:,slapt-src {{[-w|--show]}} {{slackbuild_name}}
Launch a session targeting the default URL of <http://localhost:8000> or the previous session:,http-prompt
Launch a session with a given URL:,http-prompt {{http://example.com}}
Launch a session with some initial options:,http-prompt {{localhost:8000/api}} --auth {{username:password}}
Add one or more devices to a btrfs filesystem:,sudo btrfs device add {{path/to/block_device1 path/to/block_device2 ...}} {{path/to/btrfs_filesystem}}
Remove a device from a btrfs filesystem:,sudo btrfs device remove {{path/to/device1|device_id1 path/to/device2|device_id2 ...}}
Display error statistics:,sudo btrfs device stats {{path/to/btrfs_filesystem}}
Scan all disks and inform the kernel of all detected btrfs filesystems:,sudo btrfs device scan {{[-d|--all-devices]}}
Display detailed per-disk allocation statistics:,sudo btrfs device usage {{path/to/btrfs_filesystem}}
Display the ASCII fire:,cacafire
List detected problems:,abrt-cli list
Show details of a specific problem:,abrt-cli info {{problem_id}}
Remove a crash report:,abrt-cli remove {{problem_id}}
Report a problem to the configured bug tracker (e.g. Bugzilla):,abrt-cli report {{problem_id}}
Monitor a log file and trigger a program when a match is found:,"abrt-watch-log -F {{error_string}} {{/var/log/myapp.log}} {{notify-send ""Crash detected""}}"
Generate a report for debugging manually:,abrt-cli report {{[-a|--analyze]}} {{problem_id}}
View documentation for the original command:,tldr aa-status
Connect with a defined configuration file:,sudo vpnc {{config_file}}
Terminate the previously created connection:,sudo vpnc-disconnect
Set the system to run a graphical environment:,sudo init 5
Set the system to run multiuser terminal:,sudo init 3
Shut down the system:,init 0
Reboot the system:,init 6
Set the system to run on terminal with only root user allowed and no networking:,sudo init 1
Start the editor:,pluma
Open specific documents:,pluma {{path/to/file1 path/to/file2 ...}}
Open documents using a specific encoding:,pluma --encoding {{WINDOWS-1252}} {{path/to/file1 path/to/file2 ...}}
Print all supported encodings:,pluma --list-encodings
Open document and go to a specific line:,pluma +{{10}} {{path/to/file}}
Run a program using a dedicated Nvidia GPU:,prime-run {{command}}
Validate whether the Nvidia card is being used:,"prime-run glxinfo | grep ""OpenGL renderer"""
Start Waydroid:,waydroid
Initialize Waydroid (required on first run or after reinstalling Android):,sudo waydroid init
Install a new Android app from a file:,waydroid app install {{path/to/file.apk}}
Launch an Android app by its package name:,waydroid app launch {{com.example.app}}
Start or stop the Waydroid session:,waydroid session {{start|stop}}
Manage the Waydroid container:,sudo waydroid container {{start|stop|restart|freeze|unfreeze}}
Open Waydroid shell:,sudo waydroid shell
Adjust Waydroid window dimensions:,waydroid prop set persist.waydroid.{{width|height}} {{number}}
Print an `A` or `AAAA` record associated with a hostname or IP address:,ahost {{example.com}}
Display some extra debugging output:,ahost -d {{example.com}}
Display the record with a specified type:,ahost -t {{a|aaaa|u}} {{example.com}}
Display basic performance counter stats for a command:,perf stat {{gcc hello.c}}
Display system-wide real-time performance counter profile:,sudo perf top
Run a command and record its profile into `perf.data`:,sudo perf record {{command}}
Record the profile of an existing process into `perf.data`:,sudo perf record {{[-p|--pid]}} {{pid}}
Read `perf.data` (created by `perf record`) and display the profile:,sudo perf report
Upgrade installed packages to the newest available versions:,sudo dnf5 upgrade
Search packages via keywords:,dnf5 search {{keyword1 keyword2 ...}}
Display details about a package:,dnf5 info {{package}}
Install new packages (Note: Use `-y` to confirm all prompts automatically):,sudo dnf5 install {{package1 package2 ...}}
Remove packages:,sudo dnf5 remove {{package1 package2 ...}}
List installed packages:,dnf5 list --installed
Find which packages provide a given command:,dnf5 provides {{command}}
Remove or expire cached data:,sudo dnf5 clean all
Generate ASCII art for a given text:,toilet {{input_text}}
Generate ASCII art using a custom font file:,toilet {{input_text}} {{[-f|--font]}} {{font_filename}}
Generate ASCII art using a filter:,toilet {{input_text}} {{[-F|--filter]}} {{filter_name}}
Show available toilet filters:,toilet {{[-F|--filter]}} list
"Read the default configuration file `/etc/named.conf`, read any initial data and listen for queries:",named
Read a custom configuration file:,named -c {{path/to/named.conf}}
"Use IPv4 or IPv6 only, even if the host machine is capable of utilising other protocols:",named {{-4|-6}}
Listen for queries on a specific port instead of the default port 53:,named -p {{port}}
Run the server in the foreground and do not daemonize:,named -f
Calculate the checksum for a file using a specific algorithm:,xxhsum -H{{0|32|64|128}} {{path/to/file}}
Run benchmark:,xxhsum -b
Convert a specific PNG image to AVIF:,avifenc {{path/to/input.png}} {{path/to/output.avif}}
"Encode with a specific speed (6=default, 0=slowest and 10=fastest):",avifenc --speed {{2}} {{path/to/input.png}} {{path/to/output.avif}}
Connect to a VPN with a username and password:,openfortivpn {{[-u|--username]}} {{username}} {{[-p|--password]}} {{password}}
Connect to a VPN using a specific configuration file (defaults to `/etc/openfortivpn/config`):,sudo openfortivpn {{[-c|--config]}} {{path/to/config}}
Connect to a VPN by specifying the host and port:,openfortivpn {{host}}:{{port}}
Trust a given gateway by passing in its certificate's sha256 sum:,openfortivpn --trusted-cert {{sha256_sum}}
Forward the external TCP port 80 to port 8080 on a local machine:,upnpc -a {{192.168.0.1}} 8080 80 tcp
Delete any port redirection for external TCP port 80:,upnpc -d 80 tcp
Get information about UPnP devices on your network:,upnpc -s
List existing redirections:,upnpc -l
Show swap information:,swapon
Enable a given swap area:,swapon {{path/to/file}}
Enable all swap areas specified in `/etc/fstab` except those with the `noauto` option:,swapon {{[-a|--all]}}
Enable a swap partition by its label:,swapon -L {{label}}
Print the current status:,sestatus
Print the current states of all policy booleans:,sestatus -b
Print the current file and process contexts:,sestatus -v
Stop a service from running on boot:,systemctl disable {{unit}}
Stop a service from running on boot and stop its current execution:,systemctl disable {{unit}} --now
"Take a screenshot and save it to the default location, normally `~/Pictures`:",gnome-screenshot
Take a screenshot and save it to the named file location:,gnome-screenshot --file {{path/to/file}}
Take a screenshot and save it to the clipboard:,gnome-screenshot --clipboard
Take a screenshot after the specified number of seconds:,gnome-screenshot --delay {{5}}
Launch the GNOME Screenshot GUI:,gnome-screenshot --interactive
Take a screenshot of the current window and save it to the specified file location:,gnome-screenshot --window --file {{path/to/file}}
Take a screenshot after the specified number of seconds and save it to the clipboard:,gnome-screenshot --delay {{10}} --clipboard
Display the version:,gnome-screenshot --version
Start an application with the Procfile in the current directory:,foreman start
Start an application with a specified Procfile:,foreman start {{[-f|--procfile]}} {{Procfile}}
Start a specific application:,foreman start {{process}}
Validate Procfile format:,foreman check
Run one-off commands with the process's environment:,foreman run {{command}}
"Start all processes except the one named ""worker"":","foreman start {{[-m|--formation]}} all=1,{{worker}}=0"
Connect to a TFTP server specifying its IP address and port:,tftp {{server_ip}} {{port}}
Connect to a TFTP server and execute a TFTP [c]ommand:,tftp {{server_ip}} -c {{command}}
Connect to a TFTP server using IPv6 and force originating port to be in [R]ange:,tftp {{server_ip}} -6 -R {{port}}:{{port}}
Set the transfer mode to binary or ASCIi through the tftp client:,mode {{binary|ascii}}
Download file from a server through the tftp client:,get {{file}}
Upload file to a server through the tftp client:,put {{file}}
Exit the tftp client:,quit
Index the reference genome:,bwa index {{path/to/reference.fa}}
Map single-end reads (sequences) to indexed genome using 32 [t]hreads and compress the result to save space:,bwa mem -t 32 {{path/to/reference.fa}} {{path/to/read_single_end.fq.gz}} | gzip > {{path/to/alignment_single_end.sam.gz}}
Map pair-end reads (sequences) to the indexed genome using 32 [t]hreads and compress the result to save space:,bwa mem -t 32 {{path/to/reference.fa}} {{path/to/read_pair_end_1.fq.gz}} {{path/to/read_pair_end_2.fq.gz}} | gzip > {{path/to/alignment_pair_end.sam.gz}}
Map pair-end reads (sequences) to the indexed genome using 32 [t]hreads with [M]arking shorter split hits as secondary for output SAM file compatibility in Picard software and compress the result:,bwa mem -M -t 32 {{path/to/reference.fa}} {{path/to/read_pair_end_1.fq.gz}} {{path/to/read_pair_end_2.fq.gz}} | gzip > {{path/to/alignment_pair_end.sam.gz}}
Map pair-end reads (sequences) to indexed genome using 32 [t]hreads with FASTA/Q [C]omments (e.g. BC:Z:CGTAC) appending to a compressed result:,bwa mem -C -t 32 {{path/to/reference.fa}} {{path/to/read_pair_end_1.fq.gz}} {{path/to/read_pair_end_2.fq.gz}} | gzip > {{path/to/alignment_pair_end.sam.gz}}
Poison all hosts to intercept packets on [i]nterface for the host:,sudo arpspoof -i {{wlan0}} {{host_ip}}
Poison [t]arget to intercept packets on [i]nterface for the host:,sudo arpspoof -i {{wlan0}} -t {{target_ip}} {{host_ip}}
Poison both [t]arget and host to intercept packets on [i]nterface for the host:,sudo arpspoof -i {{wlan0}} -r -t {{target_ip}} {{host_ip}}
Insert a kernel module into the Linux kernel:,sudo insmod {{path/to/module.ko}}
Launch the GNOME Calculator GUI:,gnome-calculator
Solve the specified equation without launching the desktop application:,gnome-calculator --solve {{2^5 * 2 + 5}}
Display version:,gnome-calculator --version
List all bridges and their interfaces:,bridge {{[l|link]}}
Show port vlan information:,bridge {{[v|vlan]}}
Assign a VLAN to a port:,sudo bridge {{[v|vlan]}} {{[a|add]}} dev {{lanX}} vid {{vlan_id}} pvid {{tagged|untagged}}
Remove a VLAN from a port:,sudo bridge {{[v|vlan]}} {{[d|delete]}} dev {{lanX}} vid {{vlan_id}}
Watch for changes in bridge interfaces:,bridge {{[mo|monitor]}}
Display help:,bridge {{[h|help]}}
Make and download a package:,pkgmk -d
Install the package after making it:,pkgmk -d -i
Upgrade the package after making it:,pkgmk -d -u
Ignore the footprint when making a package:,pkgmk -d -if
Ignore the MD5 sum when making a package:,pkgmk -d -im
Update the package's footprint:,pkgmk -uf
Enable profile:,sudo aa-enforce --dir {{path/to/profile}}
Enable profiles:,sudo aa-enforce {{path/to/profile1 path/to/profile2 ...}}
List all booleans settings:,sudo semanage boolean {{[-l|--list]}}
List all user-defined boolean settings without headings:,sudo semanage boolean {{[-l|--list]}} {{[-C|--locallist]}} {{[-n|--noheading]}}
Set or unset a boolean persistently:,sudo semanage boolean {{[-m|--modify]}} {{-1|--on|-0|--off}} {{haproxy_connect_any}}
Show a brief list of devices:,lspci
Display additional info:,lspci -v
Display drivers and modules handling each device:,lspci -k
Show a specific device:,lspci -s {{00:18.3}}
Dump info in a readable form:,lspci -vm
Start monitoring NetworkManager changes:,nmcli monitor
Upgrade installed packages to the newest available versions:,sudo dnf upgrade
Search packages via keywords:,dnf search {{keyword1 keyword2 ...}}
Display details about a package:,dnf info {{package}}
Install a new package (use `-y` to confirm all prompts automatically):,sudo dnf install {{package1 package2 ...}}
Remove a package:,sudo dnf remove {{package1 package2 ...}}
List installed packages:,dnf list --installed
Find which packages provide a given command:,dnf provides {{command}}
View all past operations:,dnf history
Start Engrampa:,engrampa
Open specific archives:,engrampa {{path/to/archive1.tar path/to/archive2.tar ...}}
Archive specific files and/or directories recursively:,engrampa --add-to={{path/to/compressed.tar}} {{path/to/file_or_directory1 path/to/file_or_directory2 ...}}
Extract files and/or directories from archives to a specific path:,engrampa --extract-to={{path/to/directory}} {{path/to/archive1.tar path/to/archive2.tar ...}}
List all process IDs with given name:,pidof {{bash}}
List a single process ID with given name:,pidof -s {{bash}}
List process IDs including scripts with given name:,pidof -x {{script.py}}
Kill all processes with given name:,kill $(pidof {{name}})
Connect to the default host (irc.ofct.net) with the nickname set in the `$USER` environment variable:,sic
"Connect to a given host, using a given nickname:",sic -h {{host}} -n {{nickname}}
"Connect to a given host, using a given nickname and password:",sic -h {{host}} -n {{nickname}} -k {{password}}
Join a channel:,:j #{{channel}}<Enter>
Send a message to a channel or user:,:m #{{channel|user}}<Enter>
Set default channel or user:,:s #{{channel|user}}<Enter>
Create a logical volume of 10 gigabytes in the volume group vg1:,lvcreate {{[-L|--size]}} {{10G}} {{vg1}}
Create a 1500 megabyte linear logical volume named mylv in the volume group vg1:,lvcreate {{[-L|--size]}} {{1500}} {{[-n|--name]}} {{mylv}} {{vg1}}
Create a logical volume called mylv that uses 60% of the total space in volume group vg1:,lvcreate {{[-l|--extents]}} {{60%VG}} {{[-n|--name]}} {{mylv}} {{vg1}}
Create a logical volume called mylv that uses all the unallocated space in the volume group vg1:,lvcreate {{[-l|--extents]}} {{100%FREE}} {{[-n|--name]}} {{mylv}} {{vg1}}
Display battery information:,battop
Change battery information measurement [u]nit (default: human):,battop -u {{human|si}}
List all files inside a compressed archive:,lz {{path/to/file.tar.gz}}
Integrate firejail with your desktop environment:,sudo firecfg
Open a restricted Mozilla Firefox:,firejail {{firefox}}
Start a restricted Apache server on a known interface and address:,firejail --net={{eth0}} --ip={{192.168.1.244}} {{/etc/init.d/apache2}} {{start}}
List running sandboxes:,firejail --list
List network activity from running sandboxes:,firejail --netstats
Shutdown a running sandbox:,firejail --shutdown={{7777}}
Run a restricted Firefox session to browse the internet:,firejail --seccomp --private --private-dev --private-tmp --protocol=inet firefox --new-instance --no-remote --safe-mode --private-window
Use custom hosts file (overriding `/etc/hosts` file):,firejail --hosts-file={{~/myhosts}} {{curl http://mysite.arpa}}
Reverse text typed into terminal:,rev
"Reverse the text string ""hello"":","echo ""hello"" | rev"
Reverse an entire file and print to `stdout`:,rev {{path/to/file}}
Use '\0' as a line separator (zero termination):,rev {{[-0|--zero]}} {{path/to/file}}
Display help:,rev {{[-h|--help]}}
Display version:,rev {{[-V|--version]}}
Show the current readings of all sensor chips:,sensors
Show temperatures in degrees Fahrenheit:,sensors --fahrenheit
Execute all programs in the autostart folders:,dex {{[-a|--autostart]}}
Execute all programs in the specified folders:,dex {{[-a|--autostart]} {{[-s|--search-paths]}} {{path/to/directory1}}:{{path/to/directory2}}:{{path/to/directory3}}:
Preview the programs would be executed in a GNOME specific autostart:,dex {{[-a|--autostart]} {{[-e|--environment]}} {{GNOME}}
Preview the programs would be executed in a regular autostart:,dex {{[-a|--autostart]} {{[-d|--dry-run]}}
Preview the value of the DesktopEntry property `Name`:,dex {{[-p|--property]}} {{Name}} {{path/to/file.desktop}}
Create a DesktopEntry for a program in the current directory:,dex {{[-c|--create]}} {{path/to/file.desktop}}
Execute a single program (with `Terminal=true` in the desktop file) in the given terminal:,dex --term {{terminal}} {{path/to/file.desktop}}
List all known package types that can be installed:,kpackagetool6 --list-types
Install the package from a directory:,kpackagetool6 {{[-t|--type]}} {{package_type}} {{[-i|--install]}} {{path/to/directory}}
Update installed package from a directory:,kpackagetool6 {{[-t|--type]}} {{package_type}} {{[-u|--upgrade]}} {{path/to/directory}}
List installed plasmoids (`--global` for all users):,kpackagetool6 {{[-t|--type]}} Plasma/Applet {{[-l|--list]}} {{[-g|--global]}}
Remove a plasmoid by name:,"kpackagetool6 {{[-t|--type]}} Plasma/Applet {{[-r|--remove]}} ""{{name}}"""
Show general image information about the OS image:,systemd-dissect {{path/to/image.raw}}
Mount an OS image:,systemd-dissect {{[-m|--mount]}} {{path/to/image.raw}} {{/mnt/image}}
Unmount an OS image:,systemd-dissect {{[-u|--umount]}} {{/mnt/image}}
List files in an image:,systemd-dissect {{[-l|--list]}} {{path/to/image.raw}}
Attach an OS image to an automatically allocated loopback block device and print its path:,systemd-dissect --attach {{path/to/image.raw}}
Detach an OS image from a loopback block device:,systemd-dissect --detach {{path/to/device}}
Restore the `iptables` configuration from a file:,sudo iptables-restore {{path/to/file}}
Remove a medium:,sudo urpmi.removemedia {{medium}}
Remove [a]ll media:,sudo urpmi.removemedia -a
Remove media fuzz[y] matching on media names:,sudo urpmi.removemedia -y {{keyword}}
Display an analog clock:,xclock
Display a 24-hour digital clock with the hour and minute fields only:,xclock -digital -brief
Display a digital clock using an strftime format string (see strftime(3)):,xclock -digital -strftime {{format}}
"Display a 24-hour digital clock with the hour, minute and second fields that updates every second:",xclock -digital -strftime '%H:%M:%S' -update 1
Display a 12-hour digital clock with the hour and minute fields only:,xclock -digital -twelve -brief
Check that Lynis is up-to-date:,sudo lynis update info
Run a security audit of the system:,sudo lynis audit system
Run a security audit of a Dockerfile:,sudo lynis audit dockerfile {{path/to/dockerfile}}
Create a new volume through a text user interface and use `/dev/urandom` as a source of random data:,veracrypt {{[-t|--text]}} {{[-c|--create]}} --random-source={{/dev/urandom}}
Decrypt a volume interactively through a text user interface and mount it to a directory:,veracrypt {{[-t|--text]}} {{path/to/volume}} {{path/to/mount_point}}
Decrypt a partition using a keyfile and mount it to a directory:,veracrypt {{[-k|--keyfiles]}} {{path/to/keyfile}} {{/dev/sdXN}} {{path/to/mount_point}}
Dismount a volume on the directory it is mounted to:,veracrypt {{[-d|--dismount]}} {{path/to/mounted_point}}
View documentation for the original command:,tldr chromium
Print a cow easter egg:,apt moo
Get the status of the current mirrors:,shiny-mirrors status
Generate a mirror list using the default behavior:,sudo shiny-mirrors refresh
Display the current configuration file:,shiny-mirrors config show
Switch to a different branch interactively:,sudo shiny-mirrors config --branch
List all physical volumes:,pvscan
Show the volume group that uses a specific physical volume:,pvscan --cache --listvg {{/dev/sdX}}
Show logical volumes that use a specific physical volume:,pvscan --cache --listlvs {{/dev/sdX}}
Display detailed information in JSON format:,pvscan --reportformat json
Remove a user:,sudo userdel {{username}}
Remove a user in other root directory:,sudo userdel {{[-R|--root]}} {{path/to/other/root}} {{username}}
Remove a user along with the home directory and mail spool:,sudo userdel {{[-r|--remove]}} {{username}}
List all attributes of a kernel module:,modinfo {{kernel_module}}
List the specified attribute only:,modinfo {{[-F|--field]}} {{author|description|license|parm|filename}} {{kernel_module}}
See action can be used to view any file (usually image) on default mailcap explorer:,see {{filename}}
Using with `run-mailcap`:,run-mailcap --action=view {{filename}}
Display the virtual machine configuration:,qm config {{vm_id}}
Display the current configuration values instead of pending values for the virtual machine:,qm config --current {{true}} {{vm_id}}
Fetch the configuration values from the given snapshot:,qm config --snapshot {{snapshot_name}} {{vm_id}}
Connect to a FreeRDP server:,xfreerdp /u:{{username}} /p:{{password}} /v:{{ip_address}}
Connect to a FreeRDP server and activate audio output redirection using `sys:alsa` device:,xfreerdp /u:{{username}} /p:{{password}} /v:{{ip_address}} /sound:{{sys:alsa}}
Connect to a FreeRDP server with dynamic resolution:,xfreerdp /v:{{ip_address}} /u:{{username}} /p:{{password}} /dynamic-resolution
Connect to a FreeRDP server with clipboard redirection:,xfreerdp /v:{{ip_address}} /u:{{username}} /p:{{password}} +clipboard
Connect to a FreeRDP server ignoring any certificate checks:,xfreerdp /v:{{ip_address}} /u:{{username}} /p:{{password}} /cert:ignore
Connect to a FreeRDP server with a shared directory:,"xfreerdp /v:{{ip_address}} /u:{{username}} /p:{{password}} /drive:{{path/to/directory}},{{share_name}}"
View security context of a file:,ls {{[-lZ|-l --context]}} {{path/to/file}}
"Change the security context of a target file, using a reference file:",chcon --reference {{reference_file}} {{target_file}}
Change the full SELinux security context of a file:,chcon {{user}}:{{role}}:{{type}}:{{range/level}} {{filename}}
Change only the user part of SELinux security context:,chcon {{[-u|--user]}} {{user}} {{filename}}
Change only the role part of SELinux security context:,chcon {{[-r|--role]}} {{role}} {{filename}}
Change only the type part of SELinux security context:,chcon {{[-t|--type]}} {{type}} {{filename}}
Change only the range/level part of SELinux security context:,chcon {{[-l|--range]}} {{range/level}} {{filename}}
Toggle Guake visibility:,<F12>
Toggle fullscreen mode:,<F11>
Open a new tab:,<Ctrl Shift t>
Close the terminal:,<Super x>
Go to the previous tab:,<Ctrl PageUp>
Search the selected text in the browser:,<Ctrl Shift l>
Display the status of a specific virtual machine:,qm status {{vm_id}}
Display detailed status of a specific virtual machine:,qm status --verbose {{true}} {{vm_id}}
Display virtual memory statistics:,vmstat
Display reports every 2 seconds for 5 times:,vmstat {{2}} {{5}}
Generate status report with configuration and all active settings:,sudo tlp-stat
Show information about various devices:,sudo tlp-stat --{{battery|disk|processor|graphics|pcie|rfkill|usb}}
Show verbose information about devices that support verbosity:,sudo tlp-stat {{[-v|--verbose]}} --{{battery|processor|pcie|usb}}
Show configuration:,sudo tlp-stat {{[-c|--config]}}
Monitor [p]ower supply `udev` [ev]ents:,sudo tlp-stat {{[-P|--pev]}}
Show [p]ower [sup]ply diagonistics:,sudo tlp-stat --psup
Show [t]emperatures and fan speed:,sudo tlp-stat {{[-t|--temp]}}
Show general system information:,sudo tlp-stat {{[-s|--system]}}
Add `n` gigabytes to a virtual disk:,qm disk resize {{vm_id}} {{disk_name}} +{{n}}G
Register (command) a new reservation with a given key on a given device:,blkpr {{[-c|--command]}} register {{[-k|--key]}} {{reservation_key}} {{path/to/device}}
Set the type of an existing reservation to exclusive access:,blkpr {{[-c|--command]}} reserve {{[-k|--key]}} {{reservation_key}} {{[-t|--type]}} exclusive-access {{path/to/device}}
Preempt the existing reservation with a given key and replace it with a new reservation:,blkpr {{[-c|--command]}} preempt {{[-K|--oldkey]}} {{old_key}} {{[-k|--key]}} {{new_key}} {{[-t|--type]}} write-exclusive {{path/to/device}}
Release a reservation with a given key and type on a given device:,blkpr {{[-c|--command]}} release {{[-k|--key]}} {{reservation_key}} {{[-t|--type]}} {{reservation_type}} {{path/to/device}}
Clear all reservations from a given device:,blkpr {{[-c|--command]}} clear {{[-k|--key]}} {{key}} {{path/to/device}}
Start `terminator` window:,terminator
Start with a fullscreen window:,terminator -f
Split terminals horizontally:,<Ctrl Shift o>
Split terminals vertically:,<Ctrl Shift e>
Open new tab:,<Ctrl Shift t>
Synchronize date and time:,sudo htpdate {{host}}
"Perform simulation of synchronization, without any action:",htpdate -q {{host}}
Compensate the systematic clock drift:,sudo htpdate -x {{host}}
Set time immediate after the synchronization:,sudo htpdate -s {{host}}
Update the list of available packages and slackbuilds:,spi {{[-u|--update]}}
Install a package or slackbuild:,spi {{[-i|--install]}} {{package/slackbuild_name}}
Upgrade all installed packages to the latest versions available:,spi {{[-U|--upgrade]}}
Locate packages or slackbuilds by package name or description:,spi {{search_terms}}
Display information about a package or slackbuild:,spi --show {{package/slackbuild_name}}
Purge the local package and slackbuild caches:,spi --clean
Rollback the state of a specific VM to a specified snapshot:,qm rollback {{vm_id}} {{snap_name}}
Start an X session:,startx
Start an X session with a predefined depth value:,startx -- -depth {{value}}
Start an X session with a predefined dpi value:,startx -- -dpi {{value}}
Override the settings in the `.xinitrc` file and start a new X session:,startx /{{path/to/window_manager_or_desktop_environment}}
Reduce a volume's size to 120 GB:,lvreduce {{[-L|--size]}} {{120G}} {{logical_volume}}
Reduce a volume's size by 40 GB as well as the underlying filesystem:,lvreduce {{[-L|--size]}} -{{40G}} {{[-r|--resizefs]}} {{logical_volume}}
List connected (and authorized) devices:,boltctl
"List connected devices, including unauthorized ones:",boltctl list
Authorize a device temporarily:,boltctl authorize {{device_uuid}}
Authorize and remember a device:,boltctl enroll {{device_uuid}}
Revoke a previously authorized device:,boltctl forget {{device_uuid}}
Show more information about a device:,boltctl info {{device_uuid}}
"Plot the values `1`, `2` and `3` (Note: `cat` prevents `ttyplot` from exiting):",{ echo {{1 2 3}}; cat; } | ttyplot
Set a specific title and unit:,{ echo {{1 2 3}}; cat; } | ttyplot -t {{title}} -u {{unit}}
Use a while loop to continuously plot random values:,{ while {{true}}; do echo {{$RANDOM}}; sleep {{1}}; done } | ttyplot
Parse the output from `ping` and visualize it:,"ping {{8.8.8.8}} | sed -u '{{s/^.*time=//g; s/ ms//g}}' | ttyplot -t ""{{ping to 8.8.8.8}}"" -u {{ms}}"
Convert a PDF file to an HTML file:,pdftohtml {{path/to/file.pdf}} {{path/to/output_file.html}}
Ignore images in the PDF file:,pdftohtml -i {{path/to/file.pdf}} {{path/to/output_file.html}}
Generate a single HTML file that includes all PDF pages:,pdftohtml -s {{path/to/file.pdf}} {{path/to/output_file.html}}
Convert a PDF file to an XML file:,pdftohtml -xml {{path/to/file.pdf}} {{path/to/output_file.xml}}
List primary and secondary groups of a specific user:,sudo lid {{username}}
List users of a specific group:,sudo lid --group {{name}}
Launch Nautilus:,nautilus
Launch Nautilus as root user:,nautilus admin:/
Launch Nautilus and display a specific directory:,nautilus {{path/to/directory}}
Launch Nautilus with a specific file or directory selected:,nautilus --select {{path/to/file_or_directory}}
Launch Nautilus in a separated window:,nautilus --new-window
Close all Nautilus instances:,nautilus --quit
Display help:,nautilus --help
Display the size of an ISO file:,isosize {{path/to/file.iso}}
Display the block count and block size of an ISO file:,isosize {{[-x|--sectors]}} {{path/to/file.iso}}
Display the size of an ISO file divided by a given number (only usable when --sectors is not given):,isosize {{[-d|--divisor]}} {{number}} {{path/to/file.iso}}
Display a menu of the output of the `ls` command:,{{ls}} | dmenu
Display a menu with custom items separated by a new line (`\n`):,"echo -e ""{{red}}\n{{green}}\n{{blue}}"" | dmenu"
Let the user choose between multiple items and save the selected one to a file:,"echo -e ""{{red}}\n{{green}}\n{{blue}}"" | dmenu > {{color.txt}}"
Launch dmenu on a specific monitor:,ls | dmenu -m {{1}}
Display dmenu at the bottom of the screen:,ls | dmenu -b
Show the list of apps:,wofi {{[-S|--show]}} drun
Show the list of all commands:,wofi {{[-S|--show]}} run
Pipe a list of items to `stdin` and print the selected item to `stdout`:,"printf ""{{Choice1\nChoice2\nChoice3}}"" | wofi {{[-d|--dmenu]}}"
[S]ynchronize and update all packages:,sudo pacman -Syu
Install a new package:,sudo pacman -S {{package}}
[R]emove a package and its dependencies:,sudo pacman -Rs {{package}}
Search ([s]) the package database for a regular expression or keyword:,"pacman -Ss ""{{search_pattern}}"""
Search the database for packages containing a specific [F]ile:,"pacman -F ""{{file_name}}"""
List only the [e]xplicitly installed packages and versions:,pacman -Qe
List orphan packages (installed as [d]ependencies but not actually required by any package):,pacman -Qtdq
Empty the entire `pacman` cache:,sudo pacman -Scc
Run applications:,fuzzel
Run `fuzzel` in dmenu mode:,fuzzel {{[-d|--dmenu]}}
Display a menu of the output of the `ls` command:,{{ls}} | fuzzel {{[-d|--dmenu]}}
Display a menu with custom items separated by a new line (`\n`):,"echo -e ""{{red}}\n{{green}}\n{{blue}}"" | fuzzel {{[-d|--dmenu]}}"
Let the user choose between multiple items and save the selected one to a file:,"echo -e ""{{red}}\n{{green}}\n{{blue}}"" | fuzzel {{[-d|--dmenu]}} > {{color.txt}}"
Reset apps usage count (default cache directory: `$XDG_CACHE_HOME/fuzzel`):,rm {{[-v|--verbose]}} $HOME/.cache/fuzzel
"Launch `fuzzel` on a specific monitor, see `wlr-randr` or `swaymsg --type get_outputs`:","fuzzel {{[-o|--output]}} ""{{DP-1}}"""
Use `fuzzel` to do an online search:,"fuzzel {{[-d|--dmenu]}} {{[-l|--lines]}} 0 --placeholder ""{{Type your search}}"" | sed 's/^/\""/g;s/$/\""/g' | xargs firefox --search"
Print the `iptables` configuration:,sudo iptables-save
Print the `iptables` configuration of a specific table:,sudo iptables-save {{[-t|--table]}} {{table}}
Save the `iptables` configuration to a file:,sudo iptables-save {{[-f|--file]}} {{path/to/file}}
Show information about all network interfaces:,ip {{[l|link]}}
Show information about a specific network interface:,ip {{[l|link]}} {{[sh|show]}} {{ethN}}
Bring a network interface up or down:,sudo ip {{[l|link]}} {{[s|set]}} {{ethN}} {{up|down}}
Give a meaningful name to a network interface:,"sudo ip {{[l|link]}} {{[s|set]}} {{ethN}} {{[al|alias]}} ""{{LAN Interface}}"""
Change the MAC address of a network interface:,sudo ip {{[l|link]}} {{[s|set]}} {{ethN}} {{[a|address]}} {{ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff}}
Change the MTU size for a network interface to use jumbo frames:,sudo ip {{[l|link]}} {{[s|set]}} {{ethN}} mtu {{9000}}
Set the promisc mode status of a device:,sudo ip {{[l|link]}} {{[s|set]}} {{ethN}} promisc {{on|off}}
Enable a service to run on boot:,systemctl enable {{unit}}
Enable a service to run on boot and start it now:,systemctl enable {{unit}} --now
Run a video using mpv:,xwinwrap -b -nf -ov -- {{mpv}} --wid {{wid}} --loop --no-audio --no-resume-playback --panscan={{1.0}} {{path/to/video.mp4}}
Run a video in fullscreen using mpv:,xwinwrap -b -nf -fs -ov -- {{mpv}} --wid {{wid}} --loop --no-audio --no-resume-playback --panscan={{1.0}} {{path/to/video.mp4}}
Run a video using mpv with 80% opacity:,xwinwrap -b -nf -ov -o 0.8 --- {{mpv}} --wid {{wid}} --loop --no-audio --no-resume-playback --panscan={{1.0}} {{path/to/video.mp4}}
Run a video using mpv in a second monitor 1600x900 with 1920 offset on X-axis:,xwinwrap -g 1600x900+1920 -b -nf -ov -- {{mpv}} --wid {{wid}} --loop --no-audio --no-resume-playback --panscan={{1.0}} {{path/to/video.mkv}}
Display users in the system:,lslogins
Display users belonging to a specific group:,lslogins {{[-g|--groups]}} {{groups}}
Display user accounts:,lslogins {{[-u|--user-accs]}}
Display last logins:,lslogins {{[-L|--last]}}
Display system accounts:,lslogins {{[-s|--system-accs]}}
Display supplementary groups:,lslogins {{[-G|--supp-groups]}}
View documentation for the original command:,tldr ip route list
Merge HDF5 files produced on each allocated node for the specified job or step:,sh5util {{[-j|--jobs]}} {{job_id|job_id.step_id}}
Extract one or more data series from a merged job file:,sh5util {{[-j|--jobs]}} {{job_id|job_id.step_id}} {{[-E|--extract]}} {{[-i|--input]}} {{path/to/file.h5}} {{[-s|--series]}} {{Energy|Filesystem|Network|Task}}
Extract one data item from all nodes in a merged job file:,sh5util {{[-j|--jobs]}} {{job_id|job_id.step_id}} {{[-I|--item-extract]}} {{[-s|--series]}} {{Energy|Filesystem|Network|Task}} {{[-d|--data]}} {{data_item}}
Create an empty temporary file and print its absolute path:,mktemp
"Use a custom directory (defaults to `$TMPDIR`, or `/tmp`):",mktemp {{[-p |--tmpdir=]}}{{/path/to/tempdir}}
Use a custom path template (`X`s are replaced with random alphanumeric characters):,mktemp {{/tmp/example.XXXXXXXX}}
Use a custom file name template:,mktemp -t {{example.XXXXXXXX}}
Create an empty temporary file with the given suffix and print its absolute path:,mktemp --suffix {{.ext}}
Create an empty temporary directory and print its absolute path:,mktemp {{[-d|--directory]}}
Launch `virt-viewer` with a prompt to select running virtual machines:,virt-viewer
"Launch `virt-viewer` for a specific virtual machine by ID, UUID or name:","virt-viewer ""{{domain}}"""
Wait for a virtual machine to start and automatically reconnect if it shutdown and restarts:,"virt-viewer --reconnect --wait ""{{domain}}"""
Connect to a specific remote virtual machine over TLS:,"virt-viewer --connect ""xen//{{url}}"" ""{{domain}}"""
Connect to a specific remote virtual machine over SSH:,"virt-viewer --connect ""qemu+ssh//{{username}}@{{url}}/system"" ""{{domain}}"""
"Redirect the IO streams (`stdout`, `stderr`, and `stdin`) of a Slurm job step to the current terminal:",sattach {{jobid}}.{{stepid}}
Use the current console's input as `stdin` to the specified task:,sattach --input-filter {{task_number}}
Only redirect `stdin`/`stderr` of the specified task:,sattach --{{output|error}}-filter {{task_number}}
Create a user interactively:,register_new_matrix_user --config {{path/to/homeserver.yaml}}
Create an admin user interactively:,register_new_matrix_user --config {{path/to/homeserver.yaml}} --admin
Create an admin user non-interactively (not recommended):,register_new_matrix_user --config {{path/to/homeserver.yaml}} --user {{username}} --password {{password}} --admin
Print the security context of the current execution context:,runcon
Specify the domain to run a command in:,runcon {{[-t|--type]}} {{domain}}_t {{command}}
Specify the context role to run a command with:,runcon {{[-r|--role]}} {{role}}_r {{command}}
Specify the full context to run a command with:,runcon {{user}}_u:{{role}}_r:{{domain}}_t {{command}}
Synchronize and update all AUR packages:,trizen -Syua
Install a new package:,trizen -S {{package}}
Remove a package and its dependencies:,trizen -Rs {{package}}
Search the package database for a keyword:,trizen -Ss {{keyword}}
Show information about a package:,trizen -Si {{package}}
List installed packages and versions:,trizen -Qe
Read an image from a file and print in ASCII:,asciiart {{path/to/image.jpg}}
Read an image from a URL and print in ASCII:,asciiart {{www.example.com/image.jpg}}
Choose the output width (default is 100):,asciiart {{[-w|--width]}} {{50}} {{path/to/image.jpg}}
Colorize the ASCII output:,asciiart {{[-c|--color]}} {{path/to/image.jpg}}
Choose the output format (default format is text):,asciiart {{[-f|--format]}} {{text|html}} {{path/to/image.jpg}}
Invert the character map:,asciiart {{[-i|--invert-chars]}} {{path/to/image.jpg}}
List all global environment variables describing the user's locale:,locale
List all available locales:,locale {{[-a|--all-locales]}}
Display all available locales and the associated metadata:,locale {{[-a|--all-locales]}} {{[-v|--verbose]}}
Display the current date format:,locale date_fmt
Run command as a different user:,runuser {{user}} {{[-c|--command]}} '{{command}}'
Run command as a different user and group:,runuser {{user}} {{[-g|--group]}} {{group}} {{[-c|--command]}} '{{command}}'
Start a login shell as a specific user:,runuser {{user}} {{[-l|--login]}}
Specify a shell for running instead of the default shell (also works for login):,runuser {{user}} {{[-s|--shell]}} {{/bin/sh}}
Preserve the entire environment of root (only if `--login` is not specified):,runuser {{user}} {{[-p|--preserve-environment]}} {{[-c|--command]}} '{{command}}'
Show kernel messages:,sudo dmesg
Show kernel error messages:,sudo dmesg {{[-l|--level]}} err
"Show kernel messages and keep [w]aiting for new ones, similar to `tail --follow` (available in kernels 3.5.0 and newer):",sudo dmesg {{[-w|--follow]}}
Show how much physical memory is available on this system:,sudo dmesg | grep {{[-i|--ignore-case]}} memory
Show kernel messages 1 page at a time:,sudo dmesg | less
Show kernel messages with a timestamp (available in kernels 3.5.0 and newer):,sudo dmesg {{[-T|--ctime]}}
Show kernel messages in human-readable form (available in kernels 3.5.0 and newer):,sudo dmesg {{[-H|--human]}}
Colorize output (available in kernels 3.5.0 and newer):,sudo dmesg {{[-L|--color]}}
Reload FreePBX configurations:,fwconsole reload
Start Asterisk and other commands needed by FreePBX:,fwconsole start
Stop Asterisk and other commands needed by FreePBX:,fwconsole stop
View and update settings:,fwconsole setting {{keyword}} {{new_value}}
List available backups:,fwconsole backup --list
List available FreePBX commands:,fwconsole list
Change ownership of all files and directories that FreePBX needs to be owned by the apache user:,fwconsole chown
List all port labeling rules:,sudo semanage port {{[-l|--list]}}
List all user-defined port labeling rules without headings:,sudo semanage port {{[-l|--list]}} {{[-C|--locallist]}} {{[-n|--noheading]}}
Add a user-defined rule that assigns a label to a protocol-port pair:,sudo semanage port {{[-a|--add]}} {{[-t|--type]}} {{ssh_port_t}} {{[-p|--proto]}} {{tcp}} {{22000}}
Add a user-defined rule that assigns a label to a protocol-port-range pair:,sudo semanage port {{[-a|--add]}} {{[-t|--type]}} {{http_port_t}} {{[-p|--proto]}} {{tcp}} {{80-88}}
Delete a user-defined rule using its protocol-port pair:,sudo semanage port {{[-d|--delete]}} {{[-p|--proto]}} {{udp}} {{11940}}
Make WirePlumber start with the user session immediately (for systemd systems):,systemctl --user --now enable wireplumber
"Run WirePlumber, after `pipewire` is started (for non-systemd systems):",wireplumber
Specify a different context configuration file:,wireplumber --config-file {{path/to/file}}
Display help:,wireplumber --help
Display version:,wireplumber --version
Display bpftrace version:,bpftrace {{[-V|--version]}}
List all available probes:,sudo bpftrace -l
Run a one-liner program (e.g. syscall count by program):,sudo bpftrace -e '{{tracepoint:raw_syscalls:sys_enter { @[comm] = count(); }}}'
Run a program from a file:,sudo bpftrace {{path/to/file}}
Trace a program by PID:,sudo bpftrace -e '{{tracepoint:raw_syscalls:sys_enter /pid == 123/ { @[comm] = count(); }}}'
Do a dry run and display the output in eBPF format:,sudo bpftrace -d -e '{{one_line_program}}'
Show information about the system firmware and the bootloaders:,bootctl status
Show all available bootloader entries:,bootctl list
Set a flag to boot into the system firmware on the next boot (similar to `sudo systemctl reboot --firmware-setup`):,sudo bootctl reboot-to-firmware true
"Specify the path to the EFI system partition (defaults to `/efi/`, `/boot/` or `/boot/efi`):",bootctl --esp-path={{/path/to/efi_system_partition/}}
Install `systemd-boot` into the EFI system partition:,sudo bootctl install
Remove all installed versions of `systemd-boot` from the EFI system partition:,sudo bootctl remove
Specify the directory of the `main.cf` configuration file instead of the default configuration directory:,postconf -c {{path/to/configuration_directory}}
"Edit the `main.cf` configuration file and update parameter settings with the ""name=value"" pairs:",postconf -e
Print the default parameter settings of the `main.cf` instead of the actual settings:,postconf -d
"Display parameters only from the specified class. The class can be one of builtin, service, user or all:",postconf -C {{class}}
List available SASL plug-in types for the Postfix SMTP server. The plug-in type is selected with the `smtpd_sasl_type` configuration parameter by specifying `cyrus` or `dovecot` as the name:,postconf -a
"List the names of all supported lookup table types. Lookup tables are specified as `type:name` in configuration files where the type can be `btree`, `cdb`, `hash`, `mysql`, etc:",postconf -m
Number non-blank lines in a file:,nl {{path/to/file}}
Read from `stdin`:,{{command}} | nl -
Number [a]ll body lines including blank lines or do [n]ot number body lines:,nl {{[-b|--body-numbering]}} {{a|n}} {{path/to/file}}
Number only the body lines that match a basic regular expression (BRE) [p]attern:,nl {{[-b|--body-numbering]}} p'FooBar[0-9]' {{path/to/file}}
Use a specific increment for line numbering:,nl {{[-i|--line-increment]}} {{increment}} {{path/to/file}}
"Specify the line numbering format to [r]ight or [l]eft justified, keeping leading [z]eros or [n]ot:",nl {{[-n|--number-format]}} {{rz|ln|rn}}
Specify the line numbering's width (6 by default):,nl {{[-w|--number-width]}} {{col_width}} {{path/to/file}}
Use a specific string to separate the line numbers from the lines (TAB by default):,nl {{[-s|--number-separator]}} {{separator}} {{path/to/file}}
Interactively log into a NordVPN account:,nordvpn login
Display the connection status:,nordvpn status
Connect to the nearest NordVPN server:,nordvpn connect
List all available countries:,nordvpn countries
Connect to a NordVPN server in a specific country:,nordvpn connect {{Germany}}
Connect to a NordVPN server in a specific country and city:,nordvpn connect {{Germany}} {{Berlin}}
Set autoconnect option:,nordvpn set autoconnect on
Display the file access control list:,getfacl {{path/to/file_or_directory}}
Display the file access control list with numeric user and group IDs:,getfacl {{[-n|--numeric]}} {{path/to/file_or_directory}}
Display the file access control list with tabular output format:,getfacl {{[-t|--tabular]}} {{path/to/file_or_directory}}
View documentation for the original command:,tldr lrzip
Create a template out of a specific virtual machine:,qm template {{vm_id}}
Check quotas on all mounted non-NFS filesystems:,sudo quotacheck --all
Force check even if quotas are enabled (this can cause damage or loss to quota files):,sudo quotacheck --force {{mountpoint}}
Check quotas on a given filesystem in debug mode:,sudo quotacheck --debug {{mountpoint}}
"Check quotas on a given filesystem, displaying the progress:",sudo quotacheck --verbose {{mountpoint}}
Check user quotas:,sudo quotacheck --user {{user}} {{mountpoint}}
Check group quotas:,sudo quotacheck --group {{group}} {{mountpoint}}
Open an image:,sxiv {{path/to/image}}
Open an image in fullscreen mode:,sxiv -f {{path/to/file}}
"Open a newline-separated list of images, reading filenames from `stdin`:",echo {{path/to/file}} | sxiv -i
Open one or more images as a slideshow:,sxiv -S {{seconds}} {{path/to/image1 path/to/image2}}
Open one or more images in thumbnail mode:,sxiv -t {{path/to/image1 path/to/image2}}
Open a new window and connect to multiple SSH servers:,mssh {{user@host1 user@host2 ...}}
Open a new window and connect to a group of servers predefined in `~/.mssh_clusters`:,mssh {{[-a|--alias]}} {{alias_name}}
Quickly experiment with the default provision method (no tests in the CWD):,tmt try
Run a test in the current working directory:,cd {{path/to/test}} && tmt try
Use a specific operating system:,tmt try {{fedora-41}}
Select both custom image and provision method:,tmt try {{fedora@container}}
Select tests with custom filter:,tmt try --test {{feature}}
Provision guest and wait for instructions:,tmt try --ask
Directly log into the guest without asking:,tmt try --login
Display help:,tmt try --help
Commit changes to persistent storage (only files in `/etc` by default):,lbu {{[ci|commit]}}
List files that would be saved using `commit`:,lbu {{[st|status]}}
Display changes in tracked files that would be saved using `commit`:,lbu diff
Include a specific file or directory in the `apk` overlay:,lbu {{[inc|include]}} {{path/to/file_or_directory}}
Exclude a specific file or directory in `/etc` from the `apk` overlay:,lbu {{[ex|exclude]}} {{path/to/file_or_directory}}
Display the list of manually included/excluded files:,lbu {{include|exclude}} -l
List backups (previously created overlays):,lbu {{[lb|list-backup]}}
Revert to a backup overlay:,lbu revert {{overlay_filename.tar.gz}}
Display syscall number of a specific system call:,ausyscall {{search_pattern}}
Display name of a specific system call number:,ausyscall {{system_call_number}}
Display all system calls for a specific architecture:,ausyscall {{architecture}} --dump
Install a package:,prt-get install {{package}}
Install a package with dependency handling:,prt-get depinst {{package}}
Update a package manually:,prt-get upgrade {{package}}
Remove a package:,prt-get remove {{package}}
Upgrade the system from the local ports tree:,prt-get sysup
Search the ports tree:,prt-get search {{query}}
Search for a file in a package:,prt-get fsearch {{file}}
Run 3 memory bandwidth tests with 512MB size:,mbw -n 3 512
"Run 3 memory bandwidth tests with 512MB memory size, output only statistics, not averages:",mbw -n 3 -q -a 512
"Run memcpy test 3 times with 512MB size, only display statistics:",mbw -n 3 -q -t{{0}} 512
Run the memcpy test 10 times with 1024 byte blocks allocated 8192MB of memory:,mbw -n 10 -q -t{{2}} -b 1024 8192
"Run dumb test with 2048MB size, output only statistics, run forever:",mbw -n 0 -t{{1}} -q 2048
List all available commands:,vcgencmd commands
Print the current CPU temperature:,vcgencmd measure_temp
Print the current voltage:,vcgencmd measure_volts
Print the throttled state of the system as a bit pattern:,vcgencmd get_throttled
Print the bootloader configuration (only available on Raspberry Pi 4 models):,vcgencmd bootloader_config
Display help:,vcgencmd --help
Check status:,sudo aa-status
Display the number of loaded policies:,sudo aa-status --profiled
Display the number of loaded enforicing policies:,sudo aa-status --enforced
Display the number of loaded non-enforcing policies:,sudo aa-status --complaining
Display the number of loaded enforcing policies that kill tasks:,sudo aa-status --kill
Set the priority of the specified network interface (a higher number indicates lower priority):,sudo ifmetric {{interface}} {{value}}
Reset the priority of the specified network interface:,sudo ifmetric {{interface}} {{0}}
Display the size of sections in a given object or executable file:,size {{path/to/file}}
Display the size of sections in a given object or executable file in [o]ctal:,size {{[-o|--radix=8]}} {{path/to/file}}
Display the size of sections in a given object or executable file in [d]ecimal:,size {{[-d|--radix=10]}} {{path/to/file}}
Display the size of sections in a given object or executable file in he[x]adecimal:,size {{[-x|--radix=16]}} {{path/to/file}}
Show the list of apps:,rofi -show drun
Show the list of all commands:,rofi -show run
Switch between windows:,rofi -show window
Pipe a list of items to `stdin` and print the selected item to `stdout`:,"printf ""{{Choice1\nChoice2\nChoice3}}"" | rofi -dmenu"
Convert binary CD into a standard iso9960 image file:,bchunk {{path/to/image.bin}} {{path/to/image.cue}} {{path/to/output}}
Convert with verbose mode:,bchunk -v {{path/to/image.bin}} {{path/to/image.cue}} {{path/to/output}}
Output audio files in WAV format:,bchunk -w {{path/to/image.bin}} {{path/to/image.cue}} {{path/to/output}}
Generate a new random identifier:,systemd-id128 new
Print the identifier of the current machine:,systemd-id128 machine-id
Print the identifier of the current boot:,systemd-id128 boot-id
Print the identifier of the current service invocation (this is available in systemd services):,systemd-id128 invocation-id
Generate a new random identifier and print it as a UUID (five groups of digits separated by hyphens):,systemd-id128 new {{[-u|--uuid]}}
Create and install a package with default settings:,sudo checkinstall --default
Create a package but don't install it:,sudo checkinstall --install={{no}}
Create a package without documentation:,sudo checkinstall --nodoc
Create a package and set the name:,sudo checkinstall --pkgname {{package}}
Create a package and specify where to save it:,sudo checkinstall --pakdir {{path/to/directory}}
Write metadata located on device to a specific file:,e2image {{/dev/sdXN}} {{path/to/image_file}}
Print metadata located on device to `stdout`:,e2image {{/dev/sdXN}} -
Restore the filesystem metadata back to the device:,e2image -I {{/dev/sdXN}} {{path/to/image_file}}
Create a large raw sparse file with metadata at proper offsets:,e2image -r {{/dev/sdXN}} {{path/to/image_file}}
Create a QCOW2 image file instead of a normal or raw image file:,e2image -Q {{/dev/sdXN}} {{path/to/image_file}}
Show deployments in the order they will appear in the bootloader:,bootc status
Check if any updates are available:,bootc upgrade --check
Prepare a new update and reboot into it:,bootc upgrade --apply
Change OS base to new container image:,bootc switch {{image}}
Reboot into the previous ostree deployment:,bootc rollback
Create or append files and directories to a squashfs filesystem (compressed using `gzip` by default):,mksquashfs {{path/to/file_or_directory1 path/to/file_or_directory2 ...}} {{filesystem.squashfs}}
"Create or append files and directories to a squashfs filesystem, using a specific [comp]ression algorithm:",mksquashfs {{path/to/file_or_directory1 path/to/file_or_directory2 ...}} {{filesystem.squashfs}} -comp {{gzip|lzo|lz4|xz|zstd|lzma}}
"Create or append files and directories to a squashfs filesystem, [e]xcluding some of them:",mksquashfs {{path/to/file_or_directory1 path/to/file_or_directory2 ...}} {{filesystem.squashfs}} -e {{file|directory1 file|directory2 ...}}
"Create or append files and directories to a squashfs filesystem, [e]xcluding those ending with gzip:","mksquashfs {{path/to/file_or_directory1 path/to/file_or_directory2 ...}} {{filesystem.squashfs}} -wildcards -e ""{{*.gz}}"""
"Create or append files and directories to a squashfs filesystem, [e]xcluding those matching a regular expression:","mksquashfs {{path/to/file_or_directory1 path/to/file_or_directory2 ...}} {{filesystem.squashfs}} -regex -e ""{{regular_expression}}"""
Get the current screen brightness as a percentage:,xbacklight
Set the screen brightness to 40%:,xbacklight -set {{40}}
Increase current brightness by 25%:,xbacklight -inc {{25}}
Decrease current brightness by 75%:,xbacklight -dec {{75}}
"Increase backlight to 100%, over 60 seconds (value given in ms), using 60 steps:",xbacklight -set {{100}} -time {{60000}} -steps {{60}}
Open a new GNOME terminal window:,gnome-terminal
Run a specific command in a new terminal window:,gnome-terminal -- {{command}}
Open a new tab in the last opened window instead:,gnome-terminal --tab
Set the title of the new tab:,"gnome-terminal --tab {{[-t|--title]}} ""{{title}}"""
"Display packages whose support is limited, has already ended or will end earlier than the distribution's end of life:",check-support-status
Display only packages whose support has ended:,check-support-status --type {{ended}}
Skip printing a headline:,check-support-status --no-heading
Scan a domain and save the results to an SQLite database:,dnsrecon {{[-d|--domain]}} {{example.com}} --db {{path/to/database.sqlite}}
"Scan a domain, specifying the nameserver and performing a zone transfer:",dnsrecon {{[-d|--domain]}} {{example.com}} {{[-n|--name_server]}} {{nameserver.example.com}} {{[-t|--type]}} axfr
"Scan a domain, using a brute-force attack and a dictionary of subdomains and hostnames:",dnsrecon {{[-d|--domain]}} {{example.com}} {{[-D|--dictionary]}} {{path/to/dictionary.txt}} {{[-t|--type]}} brt
"Scan a domain, performing a reverse lookup of IP ranges from the SPF record and saving the results to a JSON file:",dnsrecon {{[-d|--domain]}} {{example.com}} -s {{[-j|--json]}}
"Scan a domain, performing a Google enumeration and saving the results to a CSV file:",dnsrecon {{[-d|--domain]}} {{example.com}} -g {{[-c|--csv]}}
"Scan a domain, performing DNS cache snooping:",dnsrecon {{[-d|--domain]}} {{example.com}} {{[-t|--type]}} snoop {{[-n|--name_server]}} {{nameserver.example.com}} {{[-D|--dictionary]}} {{path/to/dictionary.txt}}
"Scan a domain, performing zone walking:",dnsrecon {{[-d|--domain]}} {{example.com}} {{[-t|--type]}} zonewalk
Back up the partition layout to a file:,sudo sfdisk {{[-d|--dump]}} {{path/to/device}} > {{path/to/file.dump}}
Restore a partition layout:,sudo sfdisk {{path/to/device}} < {{path/to/file.dump}}
Set the type of a partition:,sfdisk --part-type {{path/to/device}}} {{partition_number}} {{swap}}
Delete a partition:,sfdisk --delete {{path/to/device}} {{partition_number}}
Display help:,sfdisk {{[-h|--help]}}
Run an installed application:,flatpak run {{com.example.app}}
"Run an installed application from a specific branch e.g. stable, beta, master:",flatpak run --branch={{stable|beta|master|...}} {{com.example.app}}
Run an interactive shell inside a flatpak:,flatpak run --command={{sh}} {{com.example.app}}
Run an installed application with a specific runtime version:,flatpak run --runtime-version={{24.08|master|stable|...}} {{com.example.app}}
Run an installed application with a different runtime (but same version number):,flatpak run --runtime={{org.freedesktop.Sdk}} {{com.example.app}}
Show the current setting of [a]ll booleans:,getsebool -a
Set or unset a boolean temporarily (non-persistent across reboot):,sudo setsebool {{httpd_can_network_connect}} {{1|true|on|0|false|off}}
Set or unset a boolean [P]ersistently:,sudo setsebool -P {{container_use_devices}} {{1|true|on|0|false|off}}
Set or unset multiple booleans [P]ersistently at once:,sudo setsebool -P {{ftpd_use_fusefs=1 mount_anyfile=0 ...}}
Set or unset a boolean persistently (alternative method using `semanage-boolean`):,sudo semanage boolean {{[-m|--modify]}} {{-1|--on|-0|--off}} {{haproxy_connect_any}}
Disable profile:,sudo aa-disable {{path/to/profile1 path/to/profile2 ...}}
Disable profiles in a directory (defaults to `/etc/apparmor.d`):,sudo aa-disable --dir {{path/to/profiles}}
"View last login infromation (e.g., username, terminal, boot time, kernel) of all users as read from `/var/log/wtmp`:",last
List login information of a specific user:,last {{username}}
Specify how many of the last logins to show:,last {{[-n|--limit]}} {{login_count}}
Print the full date and time for entries and then display the hostname column last to prevent truncation:,last {{[-F|--fulltimes]}} {{[-a|--hostlast]}}
View all logins by a specific user and show the IP address instead of the hostname:,last {{username}} {{[-i|--ip]}}
List information since a specific time and date:,last {{[-s|--since]}} {{-7days}}
"View all recorded reboots (i.e., the last logins of the pseudo user ""reboot""):",last reboot
Display help:,last {{[-h|--help]}}
Display the current time as reported by the hardware clock:,hwclock
Write the current software clock time to the hardware clock (sometimes used during system setup):,hwclock {{[-w|--systohc]}}
Write the current hardware clock time to the software clock:,hwclock {{[-s|--hctosys]}}
Display cache details for a file:,fincore {{path/to/file}}
Display all possible data columns:,fincore --output-all {{path/to/file}}
Display help:,fincore {{[-h|--help]}}
Convert an existing Debian package to gbp:,gbp import-dsc {{path/to/package.dsc}}
Build the package in the current directory using the default builder (`debuild`):,gbp buildpackage -jauto -us -uc
Build a package in a `pbuilder` environment for Debian Bullseye:,DIST={{bullseye}} ARCH={{amd64}} gbp buildpackage -jauto -us -uc --git-builder={{git-pbuilder}}
Specify a package to be a source-only upload in the `.changes` file (see <https://wiki.debian.org/SourceOnlyUpload>):,gbp buildpackage -jauto -us -uc --changes-options={{-S}}
Import a new upstream release:,gbp import-orig --pristine-tar {{path/to/package.tar.gz}}
Display all information about the ELF file:,readelf -all {{path/to/binary}}
Display all the headers present in the ELF file:,readelf --headers {{path/to/binary}}
"Display the entries in symbol table section of the ELF file, if it has one:",readelf --symbols {{path/to/binary}}
Display ELF header information:,readelf --file-header {{path/to/binary}}
Display ELF section header information:,readelf --section-headers {{path/to/binary}}
Create a wordlist file from the given URL up to 2 links depth:,cewl {{[-d|--depth]}} 2 {{[-w|--write]}} {{path/to/wordlist.txt}} {{url}}
Output an alphanumeric wordlist from the given URL with words of minimum 5 characters:,cewl --with-numbers {{[-m|--min_word_length]}} 5 {{url}}
Output a wordlist from the given URL in debug mode including email addresses:,cewl --debug {{[-e|--email]}} {{url}}
Output a wordlist from the given URL using HTTP Basic or Digest authentication:,cewl --auth_type {{basic|digest}} --auth_user {{username}} --auth_pass {{password}} {{url}}
Output a wordlist from the given URL through a proxy:,cewl --proxy_host {{host}} --proxy_port {{port}} {{url}}
"Fastest method in mashtree to create a tree from fastq and/or fasta files using multiple threads, piping into a newick file:",mashtree --numcpus {{12}} {{*.fastq.gz}} {{*.fasta}} > {{mashtree.dnd}}
"Most accurate method in mashtree to create a tree from fastq and/or fasta files using multiple threads, piping into a newick file:",mashtree --mindepth {{0}} --numcpus {{12}} {{*.fastq.gz}} {{*.fasta}} > {{mashtree.dnd}}
Most accurate method to create a tree with confidence values (note that any options for `mashtree` itself has to be on the right side of the `--`):,mashtree_bootstrap.pl --reps {{100}} --numcpus {{12}} {{*.fastq.gz}} -- --min-depth {{0}} > {{mashtree.bootstrap.dnd}}
Start:,atop
Start and display memory consumption for each process:,atop -m
Start and display disk information:,atop -d
Start and display background process information:,atop -c
Start and display thread-specific resource utilization information:,atop -y
Start and display the number of processes for each user:,atop -au
Display help about interactive commands:,<?>
List available desktop themes:,plasma-apply-desktoptheme --list-themes
Apply a desktop theme:,plasma-apply-desktoptheme {{default}}
Display help:,plasma-apply-desktoptheme --help
Restart `plasmashell`:,systemctl restart --user plasma-plasmashell
Restart `plasmashell` without systemd:,plasmashell --replace & disown
Display help on command-line options:,plasmashell {{[-h|--help]}}
"Display help, including Qt options:",plasmashell --help-all
Print system version:,pveversion
Print Proxmox subpackage versions:,pveversion {{[-v|--verbose]}}
"Generate a UUIDv1 (based on time and system's hardware address, if present):",uuid
Generate a UUIDv4 (based on random data):,uuid -v {{4}}
Generate multiple UUIDv4 identifiers at once:,uuid -v {{4}} -n {{number_of_uuids}}
Generate a UUIDv4 and specify the output format:,uuid -v {{4}} -F {{BIN|STR|SIV}}
Generate a UUIDv4 and write the output to a file:,uuid -v {{4}} -o {{path/to/file}}
Generate a UUIDv5 (based on the supplied object name) with a specified namespace prefix:,uuid -v {{5}} ns:{{DNS|URL|OID|X500}} {{object_name}}
Decode a given UUID:,uuid -d {{uuid}}
Capture a screenshot and save it to the given path:,maim {{path/to/screenshot.png}}
Capture a screenshot of the selected region:,maim {{[-s|--select]}} {{path/to/screenshot.png}}
Capture a screenshot of the selected region and save it in the clipboard (requires `xclip`):,maim {{[-s|--select]}} | xclip {{[-se|-selection]}} {{[c|clipboard]}} {{[-t|-target]}} image/png
Capture a screenshot of the current active window (requires `xdotool`):,maim {{[-i|--window]}} $(xdotool getactivewindow) {{path/to/screenshot.png}}
View documentation for the original command:,tldr mount.cifs
Create a new group:,sudo groupadd {{group_name}}
Create a new system group:,sudo groupadd {{[-r|--system]}} {{group_name}}
Create a new group with the specific groupid:,sudo groupadd {{[-g|--gid]}} {{id}} {{group_name}}
List all removable kernel versions (or those matching `version` if the argument is specified):,vkpurge list {{version}}
Remove all unused kernels:,vkpurge rm all
Remove kernel versions matching `version`:,vkpurge rm {{version}}
"Switch to a specified branch, stashing and restoring unstaged changes:",git switch {{target_branch}}
"Synchronize current branch, automatically merging or rebasing, and stashing and unstashing:",git sync
Publish a specified branch to the remote server:,git publish {{branch_name}}
Remove a branch from the remote server:,git unpublish {{branch_name}}
List all branches and their publication status:,git branches {{glob_pattern}}
Remove the last commit from the history:,git undo {{--hard}}
List all devices recognized by libinput:,sudo libinput list-devices
Print all libinput events:,sudo libinput debug-events
Show a GUI to visualize libinput's events:,sudo libinput debug-gui
Debug tablet axis values:,sudo libinput debug-tablet
Display help:,libinput {{[-h|--help]}}
View documentation for the original command:,tldr qm disk resize
Update the checksums in a `PKGBUILD`:,updpkgsums
Display help:,updpkgsums {{[-h|--help]}}
Display version:,updpkgsums {{[-v|--version]}}
Change to a specific runlevel:,sudo openrc {{runlevel_name}}
"Change to a specific runlevel, but don't stop any existing services:",sudo openrc {{[-n|--no-stop]}} {{runlevel_name}}
Create a random UUIDv4:,uuidgen {{[-r|--random]}}
Create a UUIDv1 based on the current time:,uuidgen {{[-t|--time]}}
Create a UUIDv5 of the name with a specified namespace prefix:,uuidgen {{[-s|--sha1]}} {{[-n|--namespace]}} {{@dns|@url|@oid|@x500}} {{[-N|--name]}} {{object_name}}
Print the generated or committed machine ID:,systemd-machine-id-setup --print
Specify an image policy:,systemd-machine-id-setup --image-policy {{your_policy}}
Display the output as JSON:,sudo systemd-machine-id-setup --json pretty
Operate on a disk image instead of a directory tree:,systemd-machine-id-setup --image {{/path/to/image}}
Switch between different GPU modes:,sudo envycontrol {{[-s|--switch]}} {{nvidia|integrated|hybrid}}
Specify your display manager manually:,envycontrol --dm
Check current GPU mode:,sudo envycontrol {{[-q|--query]}}
Reset settings:,sudo envycontrol --reset
Display help:,envycontrol {{[-h|--help]}}
Display version:,envycontrol {{[-v|--version]}}
Show the battery icon in the system tray:,cbatticon
Show the battery icon and set the update interval to 20 seconds:,cbatticon --update-interval {{20}}
List available icon types:,cbatticon --list-icon-types
Show the battery icon with a specific icon type:,cbatticon --icon-type {{standard|notification|symbolic}}
List available power supplies:,cbatticon --list-power-supplies
Show the battery icon for a specific battery:,cbatticon {{BAT0}}
Show the battery icon and which command to execute when the battery level reaches the set critical level:,cbatticon --critical-level {{5}} --command-critical-level {{poweroff}}
Mount an archive to a specific mountpoint:,archivemount {{path/to/archive}} {{path/to/mount_point}}
Create a 2-up PDF:,pdfxup {{[-o|--output]}} {{path/to/output.pdf}} {{path/to/input.pdf}}
Create a PDF with 3 columns and 2 lines per page:,pdfxup {{[-x|--columns]}} {{3}} {{[-y|--rows]}} {{2}} {{[-o|--output]}} {{path/to/output.pdf}} {{path/to/input.pdf}}
"Create a PDF in booklet mode (2-up, and pages are sorted to form a book when folded):",pdfxup {{[-b|--booklet]}} {{[-o|--output]}} {{path/to/output.pdf}} {{path/to/input.pdf}}
Compile and install terminfo for a terminal:,tic -xe {{terminal}} {{path/to/terminal.info}}
Check terminfo file for errors:,tic -c {{path/to/terminal.info}}
Print database locations:,tic -D
Create an exfat filesystem inside partition Y on device X:,mkfs.exfat {{/dev/sdXY}}
Create filesystem with a volume-name:,mkfs.exfat {{[-L|--volume-label]}} {{volume_name}} {{/dev/sdXY}}
Create filesystem with a volume-id:,mkfs.exfat {{[-U|--volume-guid]}} {{volume_id}} {{/dev/sdXY}}
Display a list of known paths and their current values:,systemd-path
Query the specified path and display its value:,"systemd-path ""{{path_name}}"""
Suffix printed paths with `suffix_string`:,systemd-path --suffix {{suffix_string}}
Print a short version string and then exit:,systemd-path --version
Send a GET request:,curlie {{httpbin.org/get}}
Send a POST request:,curlie post {{httpbin.org/post}} {{name=john}} {{age:=25}}
Send a GET request with query parameters (e.g. `first_param=5&second_param=true`):,curlie get {{httpbin.org/get}} {{first_param==5}} {{second_param==true}}
Send a GET request with a custom header:,curlie get {{httpbin.org/get}} {{header-name:header-value}}
Create a snapshot using a configuration file:,sudo rusnapshot {{[-c|--config]}} {{path/to/config.toml}} --cr
List created snapshots:,sudo rusnapshot {{[-c|--config]}} {{path/to/config.toml}} {{[-l|--list]}}
Delete a snapshot by ID or the name of the snapshot:,sudo rusnapshot {{[-c|--config]}} {{path/to/config.toml}} --del --id {{snapshot_id}}
Delete all `hourly` snapshots:,sudo rusnapshot {{[-c|--config]}} {{path/to/config.toml}} {{[-l|--list]}} {{[-k|--keep]}} {{0}} --clean --kind {{hourly}}
Create a read-write snapshot:,sudo rusnapshot {{[-c|--config]}} {{path/to/config.toml}} --cr {{[-r|--rw]}}
Restore a snapshot:,sudo rusnapshot {{[-c|--config]}} {{path/to/config.toml}} --id {{snapshot_id}} {{[-r|--restore]}}
Create array:,sudo mdadm --create {{/dev/md/MyRAID}} --level {{raid_level}} --raid-devices {{number_of_disks}} {{/dev/sdXN}}
Stop array:,sudo mdadm --stop {{/dev/md0}}
Mark disk as failed:,sudo mdadm --fail {{/dev/md0}} {{/dev/sdXN}}
Remove disk:,sudo mdadm --remove {{/dev/md0}} {{/dev/sdXN}}
Add disk to array:,sudo mdadm --assemble {{/dev/md0}} {{/dev/sdXN}}
Show RAID info:,sudo mdadm --detail {{/dev/md0}}
Reset disk by deleting RAID metadata:,sudo mdadm --zero-superblock {{/dev/sdXN}}
"Launch with default, built-in config:",conky
Create a new default config:,conky {{[-C|--print-config]}} > ~/.conkyrc
Launch Conky with a given configuration file:,conky {{[-c|--config]}} {{path/to/config}}
Start in the background (daemonize):,conky {{[-d|--daemonize]}}
Align Conky on the desktop:,conky {{[-a|--alignment]}} {{top|bottom|middle}}_{{left|right|middle}}
Pause for 5 seconds at startup before launching:,conky {{[-p|--pause]}} {{5}}
Connect to a remote host:,rpcclient {{[-U|--user]}} {{domain}}\{{username}}%{{password}} {{ip}}
Connect to a remote host on a domain without a password:,rpcclient {{[-U|--user]}} {{username}} {{[-W|--workgroup]}} {{domain}} {{[-N|--no-pass]}} {{ip}}
"Connect to a remote host, passing the password hash:",rpcclient {{[-U|--user]}} {{domain}}\{{username}} --pw-nt-hash {{ip}}
Execute shell commands on a remote host:,rpcclient {{[-U|--user]}} {{domain}}\{{username}}%{{password}} {{[-c|--command]}} {{semicolon_separated_commands}} {{ip}}
Display domain users:,rpcclient $> enumdomusers
Display privileges:,rpcclient $> enumprivs
Display information about a specific user:,rpcclient $> queryuser {{username|rid}}
Create a new user in the domain:,rpcclient $> createdomuser {{username}}
Compile a source code file into an object file:,mpicc -c {{path/to/file.c}}
Link an object file and make an executable:,mpicc -o {{executable}} {{path/to/object_file.o}}
Compile and link source code in a single command:,mpicc -o {{executable}} {{path/to/file.c}}
List all configuration files that will be used:,pw-config
List all configuration files that will be used by the PipeWire PulseAudio server:,pw-config {{[-n|--name]}} pipewire-pulse.conf
List all configuration sections used by the PipeWire PulseAudio server:,pw-config {{[-n|--name]}} pipewire-pulse.conf list
List the `context.properties` fragments used by the JACK clients:,pw-config {{[-n|--name]}} jack.conf list context.properties
List the merged `context.properties` used by the JACK clients:,pw-config {{[-n|--name]}} jack.conf merge context.properties
List the merged `context.modules` used by the PipeWire server and reformat:,pw-config {{[-n|--name]}} pipewire.conf {{[-r|--recurse]}} merge context.modules
Display help:,pw-config {{[-h|--help]}}
Create an open network with no passphrase:,create_ap {{wlan0}} {{eth0}} {{access_point_ssid}}
Use a WPA + WPA2 passphrase:,create_ap {{wlan0}} {{eth0}} {{access_point_ssid}} {{passphrase}}
Create an access point without Internet sharing:,create_ap -n {{wlan0}} {{access_point_ssid}} {{passphrase}}
Create a bridged network with Internet sharing:,create_ap -m bridge {{wlan0}} {{eth0}} {{access_point_ssid}} {{passphrase}}
Create a bridged network with Internet sharing and a pre-configured bridge interface:,create_ap -m bridge {{wlan0}} {{br0}} {{access_point_ssid}} {{passphrase}}
Create an access port for Internet sharing from the same Wi-Fi interface:,create_ap {{wlan0}} {{wlan0}} {{access_point_ssid}} {{passphrase}}
Choose a different Wi-Fi adapter driver:,create_ap --driver {{wifi_adapter}} {{wlan0}} {{eth0}} {{access_point_ssid}} {{passphrase}}
View documentation for `trash-restore`:,tldr trash
Mount a `.raw` image file into a DMG container file:,xmount --in {{raw}} {{path/to/image.dd}} --out {{dmg}} {{mountpoint}}
Mount an EWF image file with write-cache support into a VHD file to boot from:,xmount --cache {{path/to/cache.ovl}} --in {{ewf}} {{path/to/image.E??}} --out {{vhd}} {{mountpoint}}
Mount the first partition at sector 2048 into a new `.raw` image file:,xmount --offset {{2048}} --in {{raw}} {{path/to/image.dd}} --out {{raw}} {{mountpoint}}
Change the activation status of logical volumes in all volume groups:,sudo vgchange --activate {{y|n}}
Change the activation status of logical volumes in the specified volume group (determine with `vgscan`):,sudo vgchange --activate {{y|n}} {{volume_group}}
Update the ports tree:,ports -u
List the ports in the current tree:,ports -l
Check the differences between installed packages and the ports tree:,ports -d
"Specify the range of pages to convert (`n` - first page, `m` - last page):",pdftoppm -f {{n}} -l {{m}} {{path/to/file.pdf}} {{image_name_prefix}}
Convert only the first page of a PDF:,pdftoppm -singlefile {{path/to/file.pdf}} {{image_name_prefix}}
Generate a monochrome PBM file (instead of a color PPM file):,pdftoppm -mono {{path/to/file.pdf}} {{image_name_prefix}}
Generate a grayscale PGM file (instead of a color PPM file):,pdftoppm -gray {{path/to/file.pdf}} {{image_name_prefix}}
Generate a PNG file instead a PPM file:,pdftoppm -png {{path/to/file.pdf}} {{image_name_prefix}}
Start `bspwm` (note that a pre-existing window manager must not be open when this command is run):,bspwm -c {{path/to/config}}
Export an app from the container to the host (the desktop entry/icon will show up in your host system's application list):,"distrobox-export {{[-a|--app]}} {{package}} {{[-ef|--extra-flags]}} ""--foreground"""
Export a binary from the container to the host:,distrobox-export {{[-b|--bin]}} {{path/to/binary}} {{[-ep|--export-path]}} {{path/to/binary_on_host}}
Export a binary from the container to the host (i.e.`$HOME/.local/bin`):,distrobox-export {{[-b|--bin]}} {{path/to/binary}} {{[-ep|--export-path]}} {{path/to/export}}
Export a service from the container to the host (`--sudo` will run the service as root inside the container):,"distrobox-export --service {{package}} {{[-ef|--extra-flags]}} ""--allow-newer-config"" {{[-S|--sudo]}}"
Unexport/delete an exported application:,distrobox-export {{[-a|--app]}} {{package}} {{[-d|--delete]}}
Display information about logical volumes:,lvs
Display all logical volumes:,lvs {{[-a|--all]}}
Change default display to show more details:,lvs {{[-v|--verbose]}}
Display only specific fields:,"lvs {{[-o|--options]}} {{field_name_1}},{{field_name_2}}"
Append field to default display:,lvs {{[-o|--options]}} +{{field_name}}
Suppress heading line:,lvs --noheadings
Use a separator to separate fields:,lvs --separator {{=}}
Create files and directories as specified in the configuration:,systemd-tmpfiles --create
Clean up files and directories with age parameters configured:,systemd-tmpfiles --clean
Remove files and directories as specified in the configuration:,systemd-tmpfiles --remove
Apply operations for user-specific configurations:,systemd-tmpfiles --create --user
Execute lines marked for early boot:,systemd-tmpfiles --create --boot
Rebuild the filesystem metadata tree (very slow):,sudo btrfs rescue chunk-recover {{path/to/partition}}
Fix device size alignment related problems (e.g. unable to mount the filesystem with super total bytes mismatch):,sudo btrfs rescue fix-device-size {{path/to/partition}}
Recover a corrupted superblock from correct copies (recover the root of filesystem tree):,sudo btrfs rescue super-recover {{path/to/partition}}
Recover from an interrupted transactions (fixes log replay problems):,sudo btrfs rescue zero-log {{path/to/partition}}
Create a `/dev/btrfs-control` control device when `mknod` is not installed:,sudo btrfs rescue create-control-device
List all namespaces:,lsns
List namespaces in JSON format:,lsns {{[-J|--json]}}
List namespaces associated with the specified process:,lsns {{[-p|--task]}} {{pid}}
List the specified type of namespaces only:,lsns {{[-t|--type]}} {{mnt|net|ipc|user|pid|uts|cgroup|time}}
"List namespaces, only showing the namespace ID, type, PID, and command:","lsns {{[-o|--output]}} {{NS,TYPE,PID,COMMAND}}"
Send a message to a given user on a given terminal ID:,write {{username}} {{terminal_id}}
"Send message to ""testuser"" on terminal `/dev/tty/5`:",write {{testuser}} {{tty/5}}
"Send message to ""johndoe"" on pseudo terminal `/dev/pts/5`:",write {{johndoe}} {{pts/5}}
Disable one or more CPUs by their IDs:,"chcpu {{[-d|--disable]}} {{1,3}}"
Enable one or more ranges of CPUs by their IDs:,"chcpu {{[-e|--enable]}} {{1-3,5-7}}"
Initialize `kdesrc-build`:,kdesrc-build --initial-setup
Compile a KDE component and its dependencies from source:,kdesrc-build {{component_name}}
Compile a component without updating its local code and without compiling its dependencies:,kdesrc-build --no-src --no-include-dependencies {{component_name}}
Refresh the build directories before compiling:,kdesrc-build --refresh-build {{component_name}}
Resume compilation from a specific dependency:,kdesrc-build --resume-from {{dependency_component}} {{component_name}}
Run a component with a specified executable name:,kdesrc-build --run --exec {{executable_name}} {{component_name}}
Build all configured components:,kdesrc-build
Use system libraries in place of a component if it fails to build:,kdesrc-build --no-stop-on-failure {{component_name}}
List all subkeys of a given option key:,nixos-option {{option_key}}
List current boot kernel modules:,nixos-option boot.kernelModules
List authorized keys for a specific user:,nixos-option users.users.{{username}}.openssh.authorizedKeys.{{keyFiles|keys}}
List all remote builders:,nixos-option nix.buildMachines
List all subkeys of a given key on another NixOS configuration:,NIXOS_CONFIG={{path_to_configuration.nix}} nixos-option {{option_key}}
Show recursively all values of a user:,nixos-option {{[-r|--recursive]}} users.users.{{user}}
Display a camera preview stream for a specific amount of time (in milliseconds):,rpicam-hello {{[-t|--timeout]}} {{time}}
Tune the configuration for a particular camera sensor:,rpicam-hello --tuning-file {{/usr/share/libcamera/ipa/rpi/path/to/config.json}}
Create a Distrobox container using the Ubuntu image:,distrobox-create {{container_name}} {{[-i|--image]}} {{ubuntu:latest}}
Clone a Distrobox container:,distrobox-create {{[-c|--clone]}} {{container_name}} {{cloned_container_name}}
List installed Java environments:,archlinux-java status
Return the short name of the current default Java environment:,archlinux-java get
Set the default Java environment:,archlinux-java set {{java_environment}}
Unset the default Java environment:,archlinux-java unset
Fix an invalid/broken default Java environment configuration:,archlinux-java fix
Capture an image and name the file:,rpicam-jpeg {{[-o|--output]}} {{path/to/file.jpg}}
Capture an image with set dimensions:,rpicam-jpeg {{[-o|--output]}} {{path/to/file.jpg}} --width {{1920}} --height {{1080}}
Capture an image with an exposure of 20 seconds and a gain of 150%:,rpicam-jpeg {{[-o|--output]}} {{path/to/file.jpg}} --shutter 20000 --gain 1.5
Display the default question dialog:,zenity --question
"Display an info dialog displaying the text ""Hello!"":","zenity --info --text=""{{Hello!}}"""
"Display a name/password form and output the data separated by "";"":","zenity --forms --add-entry=""{{Name}}"" --add-password=""{{Password}}"" --separator=""{{;}}"""
Display a file selection form in which the user can only select directories:,zenity --file-selection --directory
Display a progress bar which updates its message every second and show a progress percent:,"{{(echo ""#1""; sleep 1; echo ""50""; echo ""#2""; sleep 1; echo ""100"")}} | zenity --progress"
Start the lldp daemon:,systemctl start lldpd
Display collected neighbor data:,sudo lldpctl
Display help:,lldpctl {{[-h|--help]}}
Check if upgrades are available:,sudo synoupgrade --check
Check for patches without upgrading the DSM version:,sudo synoupgrade --check-smallupdate
Download the latest upgrade available (use `--download-smallupdate` for patches):,sudo synoupgrade --download
Start the upgrade process:,sudo synoupgrade --start
Upgrade to the latest version automatically:,sudo synoupgrade --auto
Apply patches without upgrading the DSM version automatically:,sudo synoupgrade --auto-smallupdate
Upgrade the DSM using a patch file (should be an absolute path):,sudo synoupgrade --patch {{/path/to/file.pat}}
Display help:,synoupgrade
Run `auto-cpufreq` in a specific mode:,sudo auto-cpufreq --{{monitor|live|update|remove|stats|force=governor}}
Display the list of access points and ad-hoc cells in range:,iwlist {{wireless_interface}} scan
Display available frequencies in the device:,iwlist {{wireless_interface}} frequency
List the bit-rates supported by the device:,iwlist {{wireless_interface}} rate
List the WPA authentication parameters currently set:,iwlist {{wireless_interface}} auth
List all the WPA encryption keys set in the device:,iwlist {{wireless_interface}} wpakeys
List the encryption key sizes supported and list all the encryption keys set in the device:,iwlist {{wireless_interface}} keys
List the various power management attributes and modes of the device:,iwlist {{wireless_interface}} power
List generic information elements set in the device (used for WPA support):,iwlist {{wireless_interface}} genie
List non-free and contrib packages (and their description):,check-dfsg-status
Only output the package names:,check-dfsg-status --sparse
Monitor the default PipeWire instance:,pw-mon
Monitor a specific remote instance:,pw-mon {{[-r|--remote]}} {{remote_name}}
Monitor the default instance specifying a color configuration:,pw-mon {{[-N|--color]}} {{never|always|auto}}
Display help:,pw-mon {{[-h|--help]}}
Show DNS settings:,resolvectl status
Resolve the IPv4 and IPv6 addresses for one or more domains:,resolvectl query {{domain1 domain2 ...}}
Retrieve the domain of a specified IP address:,resolvectl query {{ip_address}}
Flush all local DNS caches:,resolvectl flush-caches
"Display DNS statistics (transactions, cache, and DNSSEC verdicts):",resolvectl statistics
Retrieve an MX record of a domain:,resolvectl --legend={{no}} --type={{MX}} query {{domain}}
"Resolve an SRV record, for example _xmpp-server._tcp gmail.com:",resolvectl service _{{service}}._{{protocol}} {{name}}
Retrieve a TLS key:,resolvectl tlsa tcp {{domain}}:443
View the pinout information and GPIO header diagram for the current Raspberry Pi:,pinout
Open <https://pinout.xyz/> in the default browser:,pinout {{[-x|--xyz]}}
Compare package files in tar content list different mode (default):,pkgctl diff {{[-l|--list]}} {{path/to/file|pkgname}}
Compare package files in diffoscope different mode:,pkgctl diff {{[-d|--diffoscope]}} {{path/to/file|pkgname}}
Compare package files in `.PKGINFO` different mode:,pkgctl diff {{[-p|--pkginfo]}} {{path/to/file|pkgname}}
Compare package files in `.BUILDINFO` different mode:,pkgctl diff {{[-b|--buildinfo]}} {{path/to/file|pkgname}}
View documentation for the original command:,tldr setarch
Check a system for rootkits and malware:,sudo rkhunter --check
Update rkhunter:,sudo rkhunter --update
Print all available tests:,sudo rkhunter --list
Display version:,sudo rkhunter --versioncheck
Display help:,sudo rkhunter --help
"Display library packages (from the ""libs"" section of the package repository) which are not required by another package:",deborphan
"List orphan packages from the ""libs"" section as well as orphan packages that have a name that looks like a library name:",deborphan --guess-all
Find packages which are only recommended or suggested (but not required) by another package:,deborphan --nice-mode
Disable a configuration file:,sudo a2disconf {{configuration_file}}
Don't show informative messages:,sudo a2disconf --quiet {{configuration_file}}
Show all mounted filesystems:,mount
Mount a device to a directory:,mount {{path/to/device_file}} {{path/to/target_directory}}
Create a specific directory if it does not exist and mount a device to it:,mount {{[-m|--mkdir]}} {{path/to/device_file}} {{path/to/target_directory}}
Mount a device to a directory for a specific user:,"mount {{[-o|--options]}} uid={{user_id}},gid={{group_id}} {{path/to/device_file}} {{path/to/target_directory}}"
Mount a CD-ROM device (with the filetype ISO9660) to `/cdrom` (readonly):,mount {{[-t|--types]}} {{iso9660}} {{[-o|--options]}} ro {{/dev/cdrom}} {{/cdrom}}
Mount all the filesystems defined in `/etc/fstab`:,mount {{[-a|--all]}}
Mount a specific filesystem described in `/etc/fstab` (e.g. `/dev/sda1 /my_drive ext2 defaults 0 2`):,mount {{/my_drive}}
Mount a directory to another directory:,mount {{[-B|--bind]}} {{path/to/old_dir}} {{path/to/new_dir}}
Create a new save file:,{{path/to/factorio}} --create {{path/to/save_file.zip}}
Start a Factorio server:,{{path/to/factorio}} --start-server {{path/to/save_file.zip}}
Compile a source file into a `libtool` object:,libtool --mode=compile gcc {{[-c|--compile]}} {{path/to/source.c}} {{[-o|--output]}} {{path/to/source.lo}}
Create a library or an executable:,libtool --mode=link gcc {{[-o|--output]}} {{path/to/library.lo}} {{path/to/source.lo}}
Automatically set the library path so that another program can use uninstalled `libtool` generated programs or libraries:,libtool --mode=execute gdb {{path/to/program}}
Install a shared library:,libtool --mode=install cp {{path/to/library.la}} {{path/to/installation_directory}}
Complete the installation of `libtool` libraries on the system:,libtool --mode=finish {{path/to/installation_dir}}
Delete installed libraries or executables:,libtool --mode=uninstall {{path/to/installed_library.la}}
Delete uninstalled libraries or executables:,libtool --mode=clean rm {{path/to/source.lo}} {{path/to/library.la}}
Destroy a specific virtual machine:,qm destroy {{vm_id}}
Destroy all disks that are not explicitly referenced in a specific virtual machine's configuration:,qm destroy {{vm_id}} --destroy-unreferenced-disks
"Destroy a virtual machine and remove from all locations (inventory, backup jobs, high availability managers, etc.):",qm destroy {{vm_id}} --purge
Destroy a specific virtual machine ignoring locks and forcing destroy:,sudo qm destroy {{vm_id}} --skiplock
Install a new package:,pamac install {{package_name}}
Remove a package and its no longer required dependencies (orphans):,pamac remove --orphans {{package_name}}
Search the package database for a package:,pamac search {{package_name}}
List installed packages:,pamac list --installed
Check for package updates:,pamac checkupdates
Upgrade all packages:,pamac upgrade
Edit the password file:,vipw
Display version:,vipw {{[-V|--version]}}
Display information about an installable package:,urpmq -i {{package}}
Display direct dependencies of a package:,urpmq --requires {{package}}
Display direct and indirect dependencies of a package:,urpmq {{[-d|--requires-recursive]}} {{package}}
List the not installed packages needed for an RPM file with their sources:,sudo urpmq {{[-d|--requires-recursive]}} -m --sources {{path/to/file.rpm}}
"List all configured media with their URLs, including inactive media:",urpmq --list-media --list-url
"Search for a package printing [g]roup, version and [r]elease:",urpmq -g -r {{[-y|--fuzzy]}} {{keyword}}
Search for a package with using its exact name:,urpmq -g -r {{package}}
Capture a screenshot and save it to the current directory with the current date as the filename:,scrot
Capture a screenshot and save it as `capture.png`:,scrot {{capture.png}}
Capture a screenshot interactively:,scrot --select
"Capture a screenshot interactively without exiting on keyboard input, press `<Esc>` to exit:",scrot --select --ignorekeyboard
Capture a screenshot interactively delimiting the region with a colored line:,scrot --select --line color={{x11_color|rgb_color}}
Capture a screenshot from the currently focused window:,scrot --focused
Display a countdown of 10 seconds before taking a screenshot:,scrot --count --delay {{10}}
Send a WoL packet to a device:,wol {{mac_address}}
Send a WoL packet to a device in another subnet based on its IP:,wol --ipaddr={{ip_address}} {{mac_address}}
Send a WoL packet to a device in another subnet based on its hostname:,wol --host={{hostname}} {{mac_address}}
Send a WoL packet to a specific port on a host:,wol --port={{port_number}} {{mac_address}}
"Read hardware addresses, IP addresses/hostnames, optional ports and SecureON passwords from a file:",wol --file={{path/to/file}}
Turn on verbose output:,wol {{[-v|--verbose]}} {{mac_address}}
Open a menu of available flashcard decks for selection:,flash
Display information about the flashcard system:,flash -i
Change the previewer from default `bat` to `cat`:,flash -p {{cat}}
Display help:,flash -h
Display version:,flash -v
Choose the server with the lowest latency:,sudo netselect {{host_1 host_2 ...}}
Display nameserver resolution and statistics:,sudo netselect -vv {{host_1 host_2 ...}}
Define maximum TTL (time to live):,sudo netselect -m {{10}} {{host_1 host_2 ...}}
Print `n` fastest servers among the hosts:,sudo netselect -s {{n}} {{host_1 host_2 host_3 ...}}
Display help:,netselect
Display a random name (male or female) and address:,rig
Display a [m]ale (or [f]emale) random name and address:,rig -{{m|f}}
Use [d]ata files from a specific directory (default is `/usr/share/rig`):,rig -d {{path/to/directory}}
Display a specific number of identities:,rig -c {{number}}
Display a specific number of [f]emale identities:,rig -f -c {{number}}
Create a new user:,sudo useradd {{username}}
Create a new user with the specified user ID:,sudo useradd {{[-u|--uid]}} {{id}} {{username}}
Create a new user with the specified shell:,sudo useradd {{[-s|--shell]}} {{path/to/shell}} {{username}}
Create a new user belonging to additional groups (mind the lack of whitespace):,"sudo useradd {{[-G|--groups]}} {{group1,group2,...}} {{username}}"
Create a new user with the default home directory:,sudo useradd {{[-m|--create-home]}} {{username}}
Create a new user with the home directory filled by template directory files:,sudo useradd {{[-k|--skel]}} {{path/to/template_directory}} {{[-m|--create-home]}} {{username}}
Create a new system user without the home directory:,sudo useradd {{[-r|--system]}} {{username}}
Extract a specific archive into the current directory:,ark --batch {{path/to/archive}}
Extract an archive into a specific directory:,ark --batch --destination {{path/to/directory}} {{path/to/archive}}
Create an archive if it does not exist and add specific files to it:,ark --add-to {{path/to/archive}} {{path/to/file1 path/to/file2 ...}}
Get the virtual machine configuration of a specific virtual machine:,qm pending {{vm_id}}
Open the user interface:,nmtui
"List available connections, with the option to activate or deactivate them:",nmtui connect
Connect to a given network:,nmtui connect {{name|uuid|device|SSID}}
Edit/Add/Delete a given network:,nmtui edit {{name|id}}
Set the system hostname:,nmtui hostname
Install a new crontab from the specified file:,scrontab {{path/to/file}}
[e]dit the crontab of the current user:,scrontab -e
[e]dit the crontab of the specified user:,scrontab --user={{user_id}} -e
[r]emove the current crontab:,scrontab -r
Print the crontab of the current user to `stdout`:,scrontab -l
Resize the terminal:,resize
Print terminal size:,resize -s
Compose action can be used to compose any existing file or new on default mailcap edit tool:,compose {{filename}}
With `run-mailcap`:,run-mailcap --action=compose {{filename}}
Open a new window showing the current directory:,thunar
Open the bulk rename utility:,thunar --bulk-rename
Close all open thunar windows:,thunar --quit
Open a dialog box displaying a specific message:,"kdialog --msgbox ""{{message}}"" ""{{optional_detailed_message}}"""
"Open a question dialog with a `yes` and `no` button, returning `0` and `1`, respectively:","kdialog --yesno ""{{message}}"""
"Open a warning dialog with a `yes`, `no`, and `cancel` button, returning `0`, `1`, or `2` respectively:","kdialog --warningyesnocancel ""{{message}}"""
Open an input dialog box and print the input to `stdout` when `OK` is pressed:,"kdialog --inputbox ""{{message}}"" ""{{optional_default_text}}"""
Open a dialog to prompt for a specific password and print it to `stdout`:,"kdialog --password ""{{message}}"""
Open a dialog containing a specific dropdown menu and print the selected item to `stdout`:,"kdialog --combobx ""{{message}}"" ""{{item1}}"" ""{{item2}}"" ""{{...}}"""
Open a file chooser dialog and print the selected file's path to `stdout`:,kdialog --getopenfilename
Open a progressbar dialog and print a D-Bus reference for communication to `stdout`:,"kdialog --progressbar ""{{message}}"""
Enable interface eth0:,ifup {{eth0}}
"Enable all the interfaces defined with ""auto"" in `/etc/network/interfaces`:",ifup {{[-a|--all]}}
Open the terminal in a specific directory:,konsole --workdir {{path/to/directory}}
[e]xecute a specific command and don't close the window after it exits:,"konsole --noclose -e ""{{command}}"""
Open a new tab:,konsole --new-tab
Open the terminal in the background and bring to the front when `<Ctrl Shift F12>` is pressed:,konsole --background-mode
Compile a timezone file from a directory:,zic -d {{path/to/directory}}
Report warnings during compilation of a specific file:,zic -v {{path/to/file}}.infile
Set wallpaper:,swww img {{path/to/image}}
Set wallpaper to specified outputs:,"swww img {{[-o|--outputs]}} {{output1,output2,...}} {{path/to/image}}"
Restore last wallpaper:,swww restore
Kill daemon:,swww kill
Display output information:,swww query
Verify all stored fingerprints for the current user:,fprintd-verify
Verify a specific fingerprint for the current user:,fprintd-verify {{[-f|--finger]}} {{left-thumb|left-index-finger|left-middle-finger|left-ring-finger|left-little-finger|right-thumb|...}}
Verify fingerprints for a specific user:,fprint-verify {{username}}
Verify a specific fingerprint for a specific user:,fprintd-verify {{[-f|--finger]}} {{finger_name}} {{username}}
Fail the process if a fingerprint doesn't match with ones stored in the database for the current user:,fprint-verify --g-fatal-warnings
Display help:,fprintd-verify --help
Print the MIME type of a given file:,mimetype {{path/to/file}}
"Display only the MIME type, and not the filename:",mimetype --brief {{path/to/file}}
Display a description of the MIME type:,mimetype --describe {{path/to/file}}
Determine the MIME type of `stdin` (does not check a filename):,{{command}} | mimetype --stdin
Display debug information about how the MIME type was determined:,mimetype --debug {{path/to/file}}
Display all the possible MIME types of a given file in confidence order:,mimetype --all {{path/to/file}}
Explicitly specify the 2-letter language code of the output:,mimetype --language {{path/to/file}}
Find expanded results in all categories from the lake and sort them in the specified order:,wami {{[-a|--show-all]}} {{[-S|--sort]}} {{asc|desc}} {{[-s|--search-all]}} {{search_string}}
"Search GitHub to find expanded results, sorted in descending order:",wami {{[-a|--show-all]}} {{[-S|--sort]}} desc --github {{search_string}}
Search GitHub for topics that match the search string:,wami --list-topics {{search_string}}
Search the lake for a tool used in pentests to query for default credentials and sort the results in descending order:,wami {{[-S|--sort]}} desc {{[-s|--search-all]}} pentest credential default
Request data based on the `build_id`:,debuginfod-find -vv debuginfo {{build_id}}
Start the daemon:,sudo ntpd
Synchronize system time with remote servers a single time (quit after synchronizing):,sudo ntpd --quit
"Synchronize a single time allowing ""Big"" adjustments:",sudo ntpd --panicgate --quit
Lock the screen:,betterlockscreen {{[-l|--lock]}}
Change the lock screen background:,betterlockscreen {{[-u|--update]}} {{path/to/image.png}}
"Lock the screen, showing some custom text:","betterlockscreen {{[-l|--lock]}} pixel --text ""{{custom lock screen text}}"""
"Lock the screen, with a custom monitor off timeout in seconds:",betterlockscreen --off {{5}} {{[-l|--lock]}}
Convert a .mol file to XYZ coordinates:,obabel {{path/to/file.mol}} -O {{path/to/output_file.xyz}}
Convert a SMILES string to a 500x500 picture:,"obabel -:""{{SMILES}}"" -O {{path/to/output_file.png}} -xp 500"
Convert a file of SMILES string to separate 3D .mol files:,obabel {{path/to/file.smi}} -O {{path/to/output_file.mol}} --gen3D -m
Render multiple inputs into one picture:,obabel {{path/to/file1 path/to/file2 ...}} -O {{path/to/output_file.png}}
List devices:,rfkill
Filter by columns:,"rfkill {{[-o|--output]}} {{ID,TYPE,DEVICE}}"
"Block devices by type (e.g. bluetooth, wlan):",rfkill block {{bluetooth}}
"Unblock devices by type (e.g. bluetooth, wlan):",rfkill unblock {{wlan}}
Output in JSON format:,rfkill {{[-J|--json]}}
Print the volume label of a filesystem:,tune.exfat {{[-l|--print-label]}} {{/dev/sdXY}}
Set the volume label of a filesystem:,tune.exfat {{[-L|--set-label]}} {{new_label}} {{/dev/sdXY}}
Print the volume GUID of a filesystem:,tune.exfat {{[-u|--print-guid]}} {{/dev/sdXY}}
Set the volume GUID of a filesystem:,tune.exfat {{[-U|--set-guid]}} {{new_guid}} {{/dev/sdXY}}
Print the volume serial of a filesystem:,tune.exfat {{[-i|--print-serial]}} {{/dev/sdXY}}
Set the volume serial of a filesystem:,tune.exfat {{[-I|--set-serial]}} {{new_serial}} {{/dev/sdXY}}
Run a command inside a specific `toolbox` container:,toolbox run {{[-c|--container]}} {{container_name}} {{command}}
Run a command inside a `toolbox` container for a specific release of a distribution:,toolbox run {{[-d|--distro]}} {{distribution}} {{[-r|--release]}} {{release}} {{command}}
Run `emacs` inside a `toolbox` container using the default image for Fedora 39:,toolbox run {{[-d|--distro]}} {{fedora}} {{[-r|--release]}} {{f39}} {{emacs}}
Get list of all groups:,getent group
See the members of a group:,getent group {{group_name}}
Get list of all services:,getent services
Find a username by UID:,getent passwd 1000
Perform a reverse DNS lookup:,getent hosts {{host}}
Clear all previous `slurmctld` states from its last checkpoint:,slurmctld -c
"Set the daemon's nice value to the specified value, typically a negative number:",slurmctld -n {{value}}
Write log messages to the specified file:,slurmctld -L {{path/to/output_file}}
Display help:,slurmctld -h
Display version:,slurmctld -V
Generate a random number:,mcookie
"Generate a random number, using the contents of a file as a seed for the randomness:",mcookie {{[-f|--file]}} {{path/to/file}}
"Generate a random number, using a specific number of bytes from a file as a seed for the randomness:",mcookie {{[-f|--file]}} {{path/to/file}} {{[-m|--max-size]}} {{number_of_bytes}}
"Print the details of the randomness used, such as the origin and seed for each source:",mcookie {{[-v|--verbose]}}
Enter the QEMU Monitor interface of a specific virtual machine:,qm monitor {{vm_id}}
Produce an SVG and PNG graph:,pacgraph
Produce an SVG graph:,pacgraph --svg
Print summary to console:,pacgraph --console
Override the default filename/location (Note: Do not specify the file extension):,pacgraph --file={{path/to/file}}
Change the color of packages that are not dependencies:,pacgraph --top={{color}}
Change the color of package dependencies:,pacgraph --dep={{color}}
Change the background color of a graph:,pacgraph --background={{color}}
Change the color of links between packages:,pacgraph --link={{color}}
Enable `picom` during a session:,picom &
Start `picom` as a background process:,picom {{[-b|--daemon]}}
Use a custom configuration file:,picom --config {{path/to/config_file}}
Print superblock's information:,sudo btrfs inspect-internal dump-super {{path/to/partition}}
Print superblock's and all of its copies' information:,sudo btrfs inspect-internal dump-super {{[-a|--all]}} {{path/to/partition}}
Print filesystem's metadata information:,sudo btrfs inspect-internal dump-tree {{path/to/partition}}
Print list of files in inode `n`-th:,sudo btrfs inspect-internal inode-resolve {{n}} {{path/to/btrfs_mount}}
Print list of files at a given logical address:,sudo btrfs inspect-internal logical-resolve {{logical_address}} {{path/to/btrfs_mount}}
"Print stats of root, extent, csum and fs trees:",sudo btrfs inspect-internal tree-stats {{path/to/partition}}
Print the status of a specific PID:,qm guest exec-status {{vm_id}} {{pid}}
View documentation for the original command:,tldr update-alternatives
View documentation for the original command:,tldr pacman files
Display the list of all the interfaces:,bmon {{[-a|--show-all]}}
Display data transfer rates in bits per second:,bmon {{[-b|--use-bit]}}
Specify the policy to define which network interface(s) is/are displayed:,"bmon {{[-p|--policy]}} {{interface_1,interface_2,interface_3}}"
Specify the interval (in seconds) in which rate per counter is calculated:,bmon {{[-R|--rate-interval]}} {{2.0}}
Display a list of missing language packages based on installed software and enabled locales:,check-language-support
List packages for a specific locale:,check-language-support --language {{en}}
Display installed packages as well as missing ones:,check-language-support --show-installed
View documentation for the original command:,tldr iptables-restore
Start NetHogs as root (default device is `eth0`):,sudo nethogs
Monitor bandwidth on specific device:,sudo nethogs {{device}}
Monitor bandwidth on multiple devices:,sudo nethogs {{device1}} {{device2}}
Specify refresh rate:,sudo nethogs -t {{seconds}}
Clone the package state of the current system into a specified directory:,apt-clone clone {{path/to/directory}}
Create a clone file (`tar.gz`) for backup purposes:,apt-clone clone --destination {{path/to/backup.tar.gz}}
Restore the package state from a clone file:,apt-clone restore {{path/to/backup.tar.gz}}
"Show information about a clone file (e.g., the release, architecture):",apt-clone info {{path/to/backup.tar.gz}}
Check if the clone file can be restored on the current system:,apt-clone restore {{path/to/backup.tar.gz}} --destination {{path/to/restore}}
Install a new package:,sudo pacman -S {{package}}
[S]ynchronize and refresh ([y]) the package database along with a sys[u]pgrade (add `--downloadonly` to only download the packages and not update them):,sudo pacman -Syu
Update and [u]pgrade all packages and install a new one without prompting:,sudo pacman -Syu --noconfirm {{package}}
[s]earch the package database for a regular expression or keyword:,"pacman -Ss ""{{search_pattern}}"""
Display [i]nformation about a package:,pacman -Si {{package}}
Overwrite conflicting files during a package update:,sudo pacman -Syu --overwrite {{path/to/file}}
Remove not installed packages and unused repositories from the cache (use the flags `Sc` to [c]lean all packages):,sudo pacman -Sc
Specify the package version that should be installed:,sudo pacman -S {{package}}={{version}}
List files in a Zip archive:,atool {{[-l|--list]}} {{path/to/archive.zip}}
Unpack a tar.gz archive into a new subdirectory (or current directory if it contains only one file):,atool {{[-x|--extract]}} {{path/to/archive.tar.gz}}
Create a new 7z archive with two files:,atool {{[-a|--add]}} {{path/to/archive.7z}} {{path/to/file1 path/to/file2 ...}}
Extract all Zip and rar archives in the current directory:,atool {{[-e|--each]}} {{[-E|--extract]}} {{*.zip *.rar}}
"Add packages to the local image (Note: After executing this command, you need to apply these changes.):",sudo abroot pkg add {{package}}
"Remove packages from the local image (Note: After executing this command, you need to apply these changes.):",sudo abroot pkg remove {{package}}
List packages in the local image:,sudo abroot pkg list
Apply changes in the local image (Note: You need to reboot your system for these changes to be applied):,sudo abroot pkg apply
Rollback your system to previous state:,sudo abroot rollback
Edit/View kernel parameters:,sudo abroot kargs {{edit|show}}
Display status:,sudo abroot status
Display help:,abroot --help
Analyze backtrace for the current working directory:,abrt-action-analyze-backtrace
Analyze backtrace for a specific directory:,abrt-action-analyze-backtrace -d {{path/to/directory}}
Analyze backtrace verbosely:,abrt-action-analyze-backtrace -v
To view a file:,gs -dQUIET -dBATCH {{file.pdf}}
Reduce PDF file size to 150 dpi images for reading on a e-book device:,gs -dNOPAUSE -dQUIET -dBATCH -sDEVICE=pdfwrite -dPDFSETTINGS=/ebook -sOutputFile={{output.pdf}} {{input.pdf}}
Convert PDF file (pages 1 through 3) to an image with 150 dpi resolution:,gs -dQUIET -dBATCH -dNOPAUSE -sDEVICE=jpeg -r150 -dFirstPage={{1}} -dLastPage={{3}} -sOutputFile={{output_%d.jpg}} {{input.pdf}}
Extract pages from a PDF file:,gs -dQUIET -dBATCH -dNOPAUSE -sDEVICE=pdfwrite -sOutputFile={{output.pdf}} {{input.pdf}}
Merge PDF files:,gs -dQUIET -dBATCH -dNOPAUSE -sDEVICE=pdfwrite -sOutputFile={{output.pdf}} {{input1.pdf}} {{input2.pdf}}
Convert from PostScript file to PDF file:,gs -dQUIET -dBATCH -dNOPAUSE -sDEVICE=pdfwrite -sOutputFile={{output.pdf}} {{input.ps}}
Print the last system startup time:,systemd-analyze
"List all running units, ordered by the time they took to initialize:",systemd-analyze blame
Print a tree of the time-critical chain of units:,systemd-analyze critical-chain
"Create an SVG file showing when each system service started, highlighting the time that they spent on initialization:",systemd-analyze plot > {{path/to/file.svg}}
Plot a dependency graph and convert it to an SVG file:,systemd-analyze dot | dot -T {{svg}} > {{path/to/file.svg}}
Show security scores of running units:,systemd-analyze security
View all udev rules together:,systemd-analyze cat-config udev/rules.d
Show if Secure Boot is enabled:,mokutil --sb-state
Enable Secure Boot:,mokutil --enable-validation
Disable Secure Boot:,mokutil --disable-validation
List enrolled keys:,mokutil --list-enrolled
Enroll a new key:,mokutil --import {{path/to/key.der}}
List the keys to be enrolled:,mokutil --list-new
Set shim verbosity:,mokutil --set-verbosity true
Initialize a serverless application:,sam init
Initialize a serverless application with a specific runtime:,sam init {{[-r|--runtime]}} {{python3.7}}
Package a SAM application:,sam package
Build your Lambda function code:,sam build
Run your serverless application locally:,sam local start-api
Deploy an AWS SAM application:,sam deploy
Display keys which are currently being pressed on the screen:,screenkey
Display keys and mouse buttons which are currently being pressed on the screen:,screenkey {{[-M|--mouse]}}
Launch the settings menu of screenkey:,screenkey --show-settings
Launch screenkey at a specific position:,screenkey {{[-p|--position]}} {{top|center|bottom|fixed}}
Change the format of the key modifiers displayed on screen:,screenkey --mods-mode {{normal|emacs|mac|win|tux}}
Change the appearance of screenkey:,"screenkey --bg-color ""{{#a1b2c3}}"" {{[-f|--font]}} {{Hack}} --font-color {{yellow}} --opacity {{0.8}}"
Drag and select a window on screen to display screenkey:,screenkey {{[-p|--position]}} fixed {{[-g|--geometry]}} {{$(slop {{[-n|--nodecorations]}} {{[-f|--format]}} '%g')}}
Show current configuration:,sacctmgr show configuration
Add a cluster to the slurm database:,sacctmgr add cluster {{cluster_name}}
Add an account to the slurm database:,sacctmgr add account {{account_name}} cluster={{cluster_of_account}}
Show details of user/association/cluster/account using a specific format:,"sacctmgr show {{user|association|cluster|account}} format=""Account%10"" format=""GrpTRES%30"""
Display the attributes of the files in the current directory:,lsattr
List the attributes of files in a particular path:,lsattr {{path}}
List file attributes recursively in the current and subsequent directories:,lsattr -R
"Show attributes of all the files in the current directory, including hidden ones:",lsattr -a
Display attributes of directories in the current directory:,lsattr -d
Show a summary of services and their status:,rc-status
Include services in all runlevels in the summary:,rc-status {{[-a|--all]}}
List services that have crashed:,rc-status {{[-c|--crashed]}}
List manually started services:,rc-status {{[-m|--manual]}}
List supervised services:,rc-status {{[-S|--supervised]}}
Display the current runlevel:,rc-status {{[-r|--runlevel]}}
List all runlevels:,rc-status {{[-l|--list]}}
Show status of Wi-Fi:,nmcli radio wifi
Turn Wi-Fi on or off:,nmcli radio wifi {{on|off}}
Show status of WWAN:,nmcli radio wwan
Turn WWAN on or off:,nmcli radio wwan {{on|off}}
Show status of both switches:,nmcli radio all
Turn both switches on or off:,nmcli radio all {{on|off}}
Show whether an alarm is set or not:,sudo rtcwake {{[-m|--mode]}} show {{[-v|--verbose]}}
Suspend to RAM and wakeup after 10 seconds:,sudo rtcwake {{[-m|--mode]}} mem {{[-s|--seconds]}} {{10}}
Suspend to disk (higher power saving) and wakeup 15 minutes later:,sudo rtcwake {{[-m|--mode]}} disk --date +{{15}}min
Freeze the system (more efficient than suspend-to-RAM but version 3.9 or newer of the Linux kernel is required) and wakeup at a given date and time:,sudo rtcwake {{[-m|--mode]}} freeze --date {{YYYYMMDDhhmm}}
Disable a previously set alarm:,sudo rtcwake {{[-m|--mode]}} disable
Perform a dry run to wakeup the computer at a given time. (Press `<Ctrl c>` to abort):,sudo rtcwake {{[-m|--mode]}} on --date {{hh:ss}}
List outdated processes:,needrestart
Interactively restart services:,sudo needrestart
List outdated processes in [v]erbose or [q]uiet mode:,needrestart -{{v|q}}
Check if the [k]ernel is outdated:,needrestart -k
Check if the CPU microcode is outdated:,needrestart -w
List outdated processes in [b]atch mode:,needrestart -b
List outdated processed using a specific [c]onfiguration file:,needrestart -c {{path/to/config}}
Display help:,needrestart --help
"Set the default boot entry to an entry number, name or identifier for the next boot:",sudo grub-reboot {{entry_number}}
"Set the default boot entry to an entry number, name or identifier for an alternative boot directory for the next boot:",sudo grub-reboot --boot-directory {{/path/to/boot_directory}} {{entry_number}}
View documentation for the original command:,tldr pw-cat
List all the USB devices available:,lsusb
List the USB hierarchy as a tree:,lsusb {{[-t|--tree]}}
List verbose information about USB devices:,lsusb {{[-v|--verbose]}}
List detailed information about a USB device:,lsusb {{[-v|--verbose]}} -s {{bus}}:{{device number}}
List devices with a specified vendor and product ID only:,lsusb -d {{vendor}}:{{product}}
Send the specified key event to a specific virtual machine:,qm sendkey {{vm_id}} {{key}}
Allow root user to send key event and ignore locks:,qm sendkey --skiplock {{true}} {{vm_id}} {{key}}
"Probe the chip, ensuring the wiring is correct:",flashrom {{[-p|--programmer]}} {{programmer}}
Read flash and save it to a file:,flashrom {{[-p|--programmer]}} {{programmer}} {{[-r|--read]}} {{path/to/file}}
Write a file to the flash:,flashrom {{[-p|--programmer]}} {{programmer}} {{[-w|--write]}} {{path/to/file}}
Verify the flash against a file:,flashrom {{[-p|--programmer]}} {{programmer}} {{[-v|--verify]}} {{path/to/file}}
Probe the chip using Raspberry Pi:,flashrom {{[-p|--programmer]}} {{linux_spi:dev=/dev/spidev0.0}}
Open TUI:,cointop
Clear the cache:,cointop clean
Display current holdings legibly:,cointop holdings --human
Check price of coin(s):,"cointop price --coins {{coin_name1,coin_name2,...}}"
Display version:,cointop version
"Install a package, or update it to the latest available version:",sudo nala install {{package}}
Remove a package:,sudo nala remove {{package}}
Remove a package and its configuration files:,nala purge {{package}}
"Search package names and descriptions using a word, regex (default) or glob:","nala search ""{{pattern}}"""
Update the list of available packages and upgrade the system:,sudo nala upgrade
Remove all unused packages and dependencies from your system:,sudo nala autoremove
Fetch fast mirrors to improve download speeds:,sudo nala fetch
Display the history of all transactions:,nala history
View documentation for the original command:,tldr apport-bug
Play a MIDI file:,fluidsynth {{path/to/soundfont.sf2}} {{path/to/file.midi}}
Specify the audio driver:,fluidsynth {{[-a|--audio-driver]}} {{pipewire|pulseaudio}} {{path/to/soundfont.sf2}} {{path/to/file.midi}}
Display help:,fluidsynth {{[-h|--help]}}
Print all nodes (sinks and sources) along with their IDs:,pw-cli list-objects Node
Print information about an object with a specific ID:,pw-cli info {{4}}
Print all objects' information:,pw-cli info all
Display the status of the indexer:,balooctl status
Enable/Disable the file indexer:,balooctl {{enable|disable}}
Clean the index database:,balooctl purge
Suspend the file indexer:,balooctl suspend
Resume the file indexer:,balooctl resume
Display the disk space used by Baloo:,balooctl indexSize
Check for any unindexed files and index them:,balooctl check
Display help:,balooctl --help
Create a `lost+found` directory in the current directory:,mklost+found
Define two virtual desktops:,bspc monitor --reset-desktops {{desktop_name1}} {{desktop_name2}}
Focus the given desktop:,bspc desktop --focus {{number}}
Close the windows rooted at the selected node:,bspc node --close
Send the selected node to the given desktop:,bspc node --to-desktop {{number}}
Toggle full screen mode for the selected node:,bspc node --state ~fullscreen
Set the value of a specific setting:,bspc config {{setting_name}} {{value}}
Delete a shared memory segment by ID:,ipcrm {{[-m|--shmem-id]}} {{shmem_id}}
Delete a shared memory segment by key:,ipcrm {{[-M|--shmem-key]}} {{shmem_key}}
Delete an IPC queue by ID:,ipcrm {{[-q|--queue-id]}} {{ipc_queue_id}}
Delete an IPC queue by key:,ipcrm {{[-Q|--queue-key]}} {{ipc_queue_key}}
Delete a semaphore by ID:,ipcrm {{[-s|--semaphore-id]}} {{semaphore_id}}
Delete a semaphore by key:,ipcrm {{[-S|--semaphore-key]}} {{semaphore_key}}
Delete all IPC resources:,ipcrm {{[-a|--all]}}
Set a default boot entry (Assuming the boot entry already exists):,grub-editenv /boot/grub/grubenv set default={{Ubuntu}}
Display the current value of the `timeout` variable:,grub-editenv /boot/grub/grubenv list timeout
Reset the `saved_entry` variable to the default:,grub-editenv /boot/grub/grubenv unset saved_entry
"Append ""quiet splash"" to the kernel command-line:",grub-editenv /boot/grub/grubenv list kernel_cmdline
Launch silentcast:,silentcast
Launch silentcast on a specific display:,silentcast --display={{display}}
"Make a file or directory immutable to changes and deletion, even by superuser:",chattr +i {{path/to/file_or_directory}}
Make a file or directory mutable:,chattr -i {{path/to/file_or_directory}}
Recursively make an entire directory and contents immutable:,chattr -R +i {{path/to/directory}}
"Parse the specified UUIDs, use a tabular output format:",uuidparse {{uuid1 uuid2 ...}}
Parse UUIDs from `stdin`:,{{command}} | uuidparse
Use the JSON output format:,uuidparse {{[-J|--json]}} {{uuid1 uuid2 ...}}
Do not print a header line:,uuidparse {{[-n|--noheadings]}} {{uuid1 uuid2 ...}}
Use the raw output format:,uuidparse {{[-r|--raw]}} {{uuid1 uuid2 ...}}
Specify which of the four output columns to print:,"uuidparse {{[-o|--output]}} {{UUID,VARIANT,TYPE,TIME}}"
Display help:,uuidparse {{[-h|--help]}}
Run the specified command in a virtual X server:,xvfb-run {{command}}
"Try to get a free server number, if the default (99) is not available:",xvfb-run {{[-a|--auto-servernum]}} {{command}}
Pass arguments to the Xvfb server:,"xvfb-run {{[-s|--server-args]}} ""{{-screen 0 1024x768x24}}"" {{command}}"
Uncompress specific files:,uncompress {{path/to/file1.Z path/to/file2.Z ...}}
Uncompress specific files while ignoring non-existent ones:,uncompress -f {{path/to/file1.Z path/to/file2.Z ...}}
Write to `stdout` (no files are changed and no `.Z` files are created):,uncompress -c {{path/to/file1.Z path/to/file2.Z ...}}
Verbose mode (write to `stderr` about percentage reduction or expansion):,uncompress -v {{path/to/file1.Z path/to/file2.Z ...}}
List VMs on current tenant:,nova list
List VMs of all tenants (admin user only):,nova list --all-tenants
Boot a VM on a specific host:,nova boot --nic net-id={{net_id}} --image {{image_id}} --flavor {{flavor}} --availability-zone nova:{{host_name}} {{vm_name}}
Start a server:,nova start {{server}}
Stop a server:,nova stop {{server}}
Attach a network interface to a specific VM:,nova interface-attach --net-id {{net_id}} {{server}}
Start interactive mode with a specific authority file (defaults to `~/.Xauthority`):,xauth -f {{path/to/file}}
Display information about the authority file:,xauth info
Display authorization entries for all the displays:,xauth list
Add an authorization for a specific display:,xauth add {{display_name}} {{protocol_name}} {{key}}
Remove the authorization for a specific display:,xauth remove {{display_name}}
Print the authorization entry for the current display to `stdout`:,xauth extract - $DISPLAY
Merge the authorization entries from a specific file into the authorization database:,cat {{path/to/file}} | xauth merge -
Display help:,xauth --help
"Turn on the ""Locate"" LED for specified device(s):","sudo ledctl locate={{/dev/sda,/dev/sdb,...}}"
"Turn off the ""Locate"" LED for specified device(s):","sudo ledctl locate_off={{/dev/sda,/dev/sdb,...}}"
"Turn off the ""Status"" LED and ""Failure"" LED for specified device(s):","sudo ledctl off={{/dev/sda,/dev/sdb,...}}"
"Turn off the ""Status"" LED, ""Failure"" LED and ""Locate"" LED for specified device(s):","sudo ledctl normal={{/dev/sda,/dev/sdb,...}}"
Show the status of a running or paused balance operation:,sudo btrfs balance status {{path/to/btrfs_filesystem}}
Balance all block groups (slow; rewrites all blocks in filesystem):,sudo btrfs balance start {{path/to/btrfs_filesystem}}
"Balance data block groups which are less than 15% utilized, running the operation in the background:",sudo btrfs balance start --bg -dusage={{15}} {{path/to/btrfs_filesystem}}
Balance a max of 10 metadata chunks with less than 20% utilization and at least 1 chunk on a given device `devid` (see `btrfs filesystem show`):,"sudo btrfs balance start -musage={{20}},limit={{10}},devid={{devid}} {{path/to/btrfs_filesystem}}"
Convert data blocks to the raid6 and metadata to raid1c3 (see mkfs.btrfs(8) for profiles):,sudo btrfs balance start -dconvert={{raid6}} -mconvert={{raid1c3}} {{path/to/btrfs_filesystem}}
"Convert data blocks to raid1, skipping already converted chunks (e.g. after a previous cancelled conversion operation):","sudo btrfs balance start -dconvert={{raid1}},soft {{path/to/btrfs_filesystem}}"
"Cancel, pause, or resume a running or paused balance operation:",sudo btrfs balance {{cancel|pause|resume}} {{path/to/btrfs_filesystem}}
Set the absolute priority of a running process:,renice --priority {{3}} {{[-p|--pid]}} {{pid}}
Increase the priority of a running process:,sudo renice --relative {{-4}} {{[-p|--pid]}} {{pid}}
Decrease the priority of all processes owned by a user:,renice --relative {{4}} {{[-u|--user]}} {{uid|user}}
Set the priority of all processes that belong to a process group:,sudo renice {{-5}} {{[-g|--pgrp]}} {{process_group}}
List all detected input devices:,sudo evtest
Display events from a specific input device:,sudo evtest /dev/input/event{{number}}
"Grab the device exclusively, preventing other clients from receiving events:",sudo evtest --grab /dev/input/event{{number}}
Query the state of a specific key or button on an input device:,sudo evtest --query /dev/input/event{{number}} {{event_type}} {{event_code}}
Create a NTFS filesystem inside partition Y on device X:,mkfs.ntfs {{/dev/sdXY}}
Create filesystem with a volume-label:,mkfs.ntfs {{[-L|--label]}} {{volume_label}} {{/dev/sdXY}}
Create filesystem with specific UUID:,mkfs.ntfs {{[-U|--with-uuid]}} {{UUID}} {{/dev/sdXY}}
List non-free and contrib packages (and their description):,vrms
Only output the package names:,vrms --sparse
Dump the `/var/log/wtmp` file to `stdout` as plain text:,utmpdump {{/var/log/wtmp}}
Load a previously dumped file into `/var/log/wtmp`:,utmpdump {{[-r|--reverse]}} {{dumpfile}} > {{/var/log/wtmp}}
Start a snake game:,nsnake
Navigate the snake:,{{<ArrowUp>|<ArrowDown>|<ArrowLeft>|<ArrowRight>}}
Pause/unpause the game:,<p>
Quit the game:,<q>
Display help during the game:,<h>
Expand a given acronym:,wtf {{IMO}}
Specify a computer related search type:,wtf -t {{comp}} {{WWW}}
Check the status of a tape drive:,mt -f {{/dev/nstX}} status
Rewind the tape to beginning:,mt -f {{/dev/nstX}} rewind
"Move forward a given files, then position the tape on first block of next file:",mt -f {{/dev/nstX}} fsf {{count}}
"Rewind the tape, then position the tape at beginning of the given file:",mt -f {{/dev/nstX}} asf {{count}}
Position the tape at the end of valid data:,mt -f {{/dev/nstX}} eod
Rewind the tape and unload/eject it:,mt -f {{/dev/nstX}} eject
Write EOF (End-of-file) mark at the current position:,mt -f {{/dev/nstX}} eof
Show the current state of the cgroups and system contexts stored by `systemd-oomd`:,oomctl dump
"Set the CPU frequency policy of CPU 1 to ""userspace"":",sudo cpufreq-set {{[-c|--cpu]}} {{1}} {{[-g|--governor]}} {{userspace}}
Set the current minimum CPU frequency of CPU 1:,sudo cpufreq-set {{[-c|--cpu]}} {{1}} {{[-d|--min]}} {{min_frequency}}
Set the current maximum CPU frequency of CPU 1:,sudo cpufreq-set {{[-c|--cpu]}} {{1}} {{[-u|--max]}} {{max_frequency}}
Set the current work frequency of CPU 1:,sudo cpufreq-set {{[-c|--cpu]}} {{1}} {{[-f|--freq]}} {{work_frequency}}
Display the current settings for an interface:,ethtool {{eth0}}
Display the driver information for an interface:,ethtool {{[-i|--driver]}} {{eth0}}
Display all supported features for an interface:,ethtool {{[-k|--show-features]}} {{eth0}}
Display the network usage statistics for an interface:,ethtool {{[-S|--statistics]}} {{eth0}}
Blink one or more LEDs on an interface for 10 seconds:,ethtool {{[-p|--identify]}} {{eth0}} {{10}}
"Set the link speed, duplex mode, and parameter auto-negotiation for a given interface:",ethtool {{[-s|--change]}} {{eth0}} speed {{10|100|1000}} duplex {{half|full}} autoneg {{on|off}}
Add a new version for a non-maintainer upload to the changelog:,debchange --nmu
Add a changelog entry to the current version:,debchange --append
Add a changelog entry to close the bug with specified ID:,debchange --closes {{bug_id}}
Scan for subdomains using the internal wordlist:,dnsmap {{example.com}}
Specify a list of subdomains to check for:,dnsmap {{example.com}} -w {{path/to/wordlist.txt}}
Store results to a CSV file:,dnsmap {{example.com}} -c {{path/to/file.csv}}
Ignore 2 IPs that are false positives (up to 5 possible):,"dnsmap {{example.com}} -i {{123.45.67.89,98.76.54.32}}"
Submit a basic interactive job:,srun --pty /bin/bash
Submit an interactive job with different attributes:,srun --ntasks-per-node {{num_cores}} --mem-per-cpu {{memory_MB}} --pty /bin/bash
Connect to a worker node with a job running:,srun --jobid {{job_id}} --pty /bin/bash
Show the greeter while keeping current desktop session open and waiting to be restored upon authentication by logged in user:,dm-tool switch-to-greeter
Lock the current session:,dm-tool lock
"Switch to a specific user, showing an authentication prompt if required:",dm-tool switch-to-user {{username}} {{session}}
Add a dynamic seat from within a running LightDM session:,dm-tool add-seat {{xlocal}} {{name}}={{value}}
Show rpm-ostree deployments in the order they will appear in the bootloader:,rpm-ostree status
Show packages which are outdated and can be updated:,rpm-ostree upgrade --preview
Prepare a new ostree deployment with upgraded packages and reboot into it:,rpm-ostree upgrade --reboot
Reboot into the previous ostree deployment:,rpm-ostree rollback --reboot
Install a package into a new ostree deployment and reboot into it:,rpm-ostree install {{package}} --reboot
Start up Yakuake:,yakuake
Toggle Yakuake visibility:,<F12>
Toggle fullscreen mode:,<F11>
Open a new tab:,<Ctrl Shift t>
Switch between tabs:,<Shift {{ArrowLeft|ArrowRight}}>
Create terminal splits:,<Ctrl {{)|(}}>
Switch between splits:,{{<Ctrl Tab>|<Ctrl Shift Tab>}}
List all currently pending system password requests:,systemd-tty-ask-password-agent --list
Continuously process password requests:,systemd-tty-ask-password-agent --watch
Process all currently pending system password requests by querying the user on the calling TTY:,systemd-tty-ask-password-agent --query
Forward password requests to wall instead of querying the user on the calling TTY:,systemd-tty-ask-password-agent --wall
Start `top`:,top
Do not show any idle or zombie processes:,top {{[-i|--idle-toggle]}}
Show only processes owned by given user:,top {{[-u|--filter-only-euser]}} {{username}}
Sort processes by a field:,top {{[-o|--sort-override]}} {{field_name}}
Show the individual threads of a given process:,top {{[-Hp|--threads-show --pid]}} {{process_id}}
"Show only the processes with the given PID(s), passed as a comma-separated list. (Normally you wouldn't know PIDs off hand. This example picks the PIDs from the process name):","top {{[-p|--pid]}} $(pgrep {{[-d|--delimiter]}} ',' {{process_name}})"
Display help about interactive commands:,<?>
Create a `bcachefs` filesystem inside partition `Y` on a device `X`:,sudo mkfs.bcachefs {{/dev/sdXY}}
Create a `bcachefs` filesystem with a volume label:,sudo mkfs.bcachefs {{[-L|--fs_label]}} {{volume_label}} {{/dev/sdXY}}
Switch to the other A/B partition:,steamos-chroot {{[-p|--partset]}} other
Switch to a partition on another drive:,steamos-chroot {{[-d|--disk]}} {{/dev/sdX}} {{[-p|--partset]}} {{A|B}}
Display help:,steamos-chroot {{[-h|--help]}}
Execute a command on a remote host:,rexec {{[-h|--host]}} {{remote_host}} {{ls -l}}
Specify the remote username on a remote host:,rexec {{[-u|--username]}} {{username}} {{[-h|--host]}} {{remote_host}} {{ps aux}}
Redirect `stdin` from `/dev/null` on a remote host:,rexec {{[-n|--noerr]}} {{[-h|--host]}} {{remote_host}} {{ls -l}}
Specify the remote port on a remote host:,rexec {{[-P|--port]}} {{1234}} {{[-h|--host]}} {{remote_host}} {{ls -l}}
Execute a command on a remote host:,rsh {{remote_host}} {{ls -l}}
Execute a command on a remote host with a specific username:,rsh {{remote_host}} {{[-l|--user]}} {{username}} {{ls -l}}
Redirect `stdin` to `/dev/null` when executing a command on a remote host:,rsh {{remote_host}} --no-err {{ls -l}}
"Return an exit status of 0 if the current device is likely a laptop, else returns 1:",laptop-detect
Print the type of device that the current system is detected as:,laptop-detect --verbose
Display version:,laptop-detect --version
Edit quota of the current user:,edquota {{[-u|--user]}} $(whoami)
Edit quota of a specific user:,sudo edquota {{[-u|--user]}} {{username}}
Edit quota for a group:,sudo edquota {{[-g|--group]}} {{group}}
Restrict operations to a given filesystem (by default edquota operates on all filesystems with quotas):,sudo edquota {{[-f|--file-system]}} {{filesystem}}
Edit the default grace period:,sudo edquota {{[-t|--edit-period]}}
Duplicate a quota to other users:,sudo edquota {{[-p|--prototype]}} {{reference_user}} {{destination_user1}} {{destination_user2}}
List all containers:,sudo lxc-ls
List active containers (including frozen and running):,sudo lxc-ls --active
List only frozen containers:,sudo lxc-ls --frozen
List only stopped containers:,sudo lxc-ls --stopped
"List containers in a fancy, column-based output:",sudo lxc-ls {{[-f|--fancy]}}
Display help:,lxc-ls {{[-?|--help]}}
Turn up the master volume by 10%:,amixer -D pulse sset Master {{10%+}}
Turn down the master volume by 10%:,amixer -D pulse sset Master {{10%-}}
"Set the daemon's nice value to the specified value, typically a negative number:",slurmdbd -n {{value}}
Change the working directory of `slurmdbd` to the LogFile path or to `/var/tmp`:,slurmdbd -s
Display help:,slurmdbd -h
Display version:,slurmdbd -V
Show information about a flatpak:,flatpak remote-info {{remote_name}} {{com.example.app}}
Show a log of previous versions in a remote:,flatpak remote-info --log {{remote_name}} {{com.example.app}}
"Show information about the specific commit, rather than the latest version:",flatpak remote-info --commit={{COMMIT}} {{remote_name}} {{com.example.app}}
Play a WAV file over the default target:,pw-cat {{[-p|--playback]}} {{path/to/file.wav}}
Play a WAV file with a specified resampler quality (4 by default):,pw-cat {{[-q|--quality]}} {{0..15}} {{[-p|--playback]}} {{path/to/file.wav}}
Record a sample recording at a volume level of 125%:,pw-cat {{[-r|--record]}} --volume {{1.25}} {{path/to/file.wav}}
Record a sample recording using a different sample rate:,pw-cat {{[-r|--record]}} --rate {{6000}} {{path/to/file.wav}}
Display help:,pw-cat {{[-h|--help]}}
Enroll the right index finger for the current user:,fprintd-enroll
Enroll a specific finger for the current user:,fprintd-enroll {{[-f|--finger]}} {{left-thumb|left-index-finger|left-middle-finger|left-ring-finger|left-little-finger|right-thumb|...}}
Enroll the right index finger for a specific user:,fprintd-enroll {{username}}
Enroll a specific finger for a specific user:,fprintd-enroll {{[-f|--finger]}} {{finger_name}} {{username}}
Display help:,fprintd-enroll --help
Start a console in a container:,agetty {{[-L|--local-line]}} {{38400}} tty1
Connect to an lxc console:,sudo lxc-console {{container_name}}
Exit `lxc-console`:,<Ctrl a><q>
Display help:,lxc-console {{[-?|--help]}}
Search for a given package:,extrepo search {{package}}
Enable the repository:,sudo extrepo enable {{repository_name}}
Disable the repository:,sudo extrepo disable {{repository_name}}
Update the repository:,sudo extrepo update {{repository_name}}
Connect to a share (user will be prompted for password; `exit` to quit the session):,smbclient {{//server/share}}
Connect with a different username:,smbclient {{//server/share}} --user {{username}}
Connect with a different workgroup:,smbclient {{//server/share}} --workgroup {{domain}} --user {{username}}
Connect with a username and password:,smbclient {{//server/share}} --user {{username%password}}
Download a file from the server:,"smbclient {{//server/share}} --directory {{path/to/directory}} --command ""get {{file.txt}}"""
Upload a file to the server:,"smbclient {{//server/share}} --directory {{path/to/directory}} --command ""put {{file.txt}}"""
List the shares from a server anonymously:,smbclient --list={{server}} --no-pass
"Archive a directory with tar, then compress:",lrztar {{path/to/directory}}
"Same as above, with ZPAQ - extreme compression, but very slow:",lrztar -z {{path/to/directory}}
Specify the output file:,lrztar -o {{path/to/file}} {{path/to/directory}}
Override the number of processor threads to use:,lrztar -p {{8}} {{path/to/directory}}
Force overwriting of existing files:,lrztar -f {{path/to/directory}}
Open a LUKS volume and create a decrypted mapping at `/dev/mapper/mapping_name`:,cryptsetup open {{/dev/sdXY}} {{mapping_name}}
Use a keyfile instead of a passphrase:,cryptsetup open --key-file {{path/to/file}} {{/dev/sdXY}} {{mapping_name}}
Allow the use of TRIM on the device:,cryptsetup open --allow-discards {{/dev/sdXY}} {{mapping_name}}
Write the `--allow-discards` option into the LUKS header (the option will then always be used when you open the device):,cryptsetup open --allow-discards --persistent {{/dev/sdXY}} {{mapping_name}}
Open a LUKS volume and make the decrypted mapping read-only:,cryptsetup open --readonly {{/dev/sdXY}} {{mapping_name}}
"Silently check and return a 0 status code when running on AC power, and a non-zero code otherwise:",systemd-ac-power
Additionally print `yes` or `no` to `stdout`:,systemd-ac-power {{[-v|--verbose]}}
Print statistics about configured subvolumes and snapshots:,sudo btrbk stats
List configured subvolumes and snapshots:,sudo btrbk list
Print what would happen in a run without making the displayed changes:,sudo btrbk --verbose dryrun
"Run backup routines verbosely, show progress bar:",sudo btrbk --progress --verbose run
Only create snapshots for configured subvolumes:,sudo btrbk snapshot
Check a specific `PKGBUILD` file:,namcap {{path/to/pkgbuild}}
Check a specific package file:,namcap {{path/to/package.pkg.tar.zst}}
"Check a file, printing extra informational messages:",namcap {{[-i|--info]}} {{path/to/file}}
Add a program to Steam library:,steamos-add-to-steam {{path/to/file}}
Remove a logical volume in a volume group:,sudo lvremove {{volume_group}}/{{logical_volume}}
Remove all logical volumes in a volume group:,sudo lvremove {{volume_group}}
Check for system updates to the host system:,vso sys-upgrade check
Upgrade the host system now:,vso sys-upgrade upgrade --now
Initialize the Pico subsystem (used for package management):,vso pico-init
Install applications inside the subsystem:,vso install {{package1 package2 ...}}
Remove applications from the subsystem:,vso remove {{package1 package2 ...}}
Enter the subsystem's shell:,vso shell
Run an application from the subsystem:,vso run {{package}}
Display VSO configuration:,vso config show
Request the identification info of a given device:,sudo hdparm -I {{/dev/device}}
Get the Advanced Power Management level:,sudo hdparm -B {{/dev/device}}
"Set the Advanced Power Management value (values 1-127 permit spin-down, and values 128-254 do not):",sudo hdparm -B {{1}} {{/dev/device}}
Display the device's current power mode status:,sudo hdparm -C {{/dev/device}}
Force a drive to immediately enter standby mode (usually causes a drive to spin down):,sudo hdparm -y {{/dev/device}}
"Put the drive into idle (low-power) mode, also setting its standby timeout:",sudo hdparm -S {{standby_timeout}} {{device}}
Test the read speed of a specific device:,sudo hdparm -tT {{device}}
Display optical drives available to `wodim`:,wodim --devices
"Record (""burn"") an audio-only disc:",wodim dev={{/dev/optical_drive}} -audio {{track*.cdaudio}}
"Burn a file to a disc, ejecting the disc once done (some recorders require this):",wodim -eject dev={{/dev/optical_drive}} -data {{file.iso}}
"Burn a file to the disc in an optical drive, potentially writing to multiple discs in succession:",wodim -tao dev={{/dev/optical_drive}} -data {{file.iso}}
Synchronize the pkgfile database:,sudo pkgfile --update
Search for a package that owns a specific file:,pkgfile {{filename}}
List all files provided by a package:,pkgfile --list {{package}}
List executables provided by a package:,pkgfile --list --binaries {{package}}
Search for a package that owns a specific file using case-insensitive matching:,pkgfile --ignorecase {{filename}}
Search for a package that owns a specific file in the `bin` or `sbin` directory:,pkgfile --binaries {{filename}}
"Search for a package that owns a specific file, displaying the package version:",pkgfile --verbose {{filename}}
Search for a package that owns a specific file in a specific repository:,pkgfile --repo {{repository_name}} {{filename}}
"Align two or more sequences using blastp, with the e-value threshold of 1e-9, pairwise output format, output to screen:",blastp -query {{query.fa}} -subject {{subject.fa}} -evalue {{1e-9}}
Align two or more sequences using blastp-fast:,blastp -task blastp-fast -query {{query.fa}} -subject {{subject.fa}}
"Align two or more sequences, custom tabular output format, output to file:",blastp -query {{query.fa}} -subject {{subject.fa}} -outfmt '{{6 qseqid qlen qstart qend sseqid slen sstart send bitscore evalue pident}}' -out {{output.tsv}}
"Search protein databases using a protein query, 16 threads to use in the BLAST search, with a maximum number of 10 aligned sequences to keep:",blastp -query {{query.fa}} -db {{blast_database_name}} -num_threads {{16}} -max_target_seqs {{10}}
Search the remote non-redundant protein database using a protein query:,blastp -query {{query.fa}} -db {{nr}} -remote
Display help (use `-help` for detailed help):,blastp -h
Launch a VNC Server on next available display:,vncserver
Launch a VNC Server with specific screen geometry:,vncserver --geometry {{width}}x{{height}}
Kill an instance of VNC Server running on a specific display:,vncserver --kill :{{display_number}}
Display full platform information:,eglinfo
Display a brief version of platform information:,eglinfo -B
Display help:,eglinfo -h
Add one or more files or directories to a Phar file:,phar add -f {{path/to/phar_file}} {{path/to/file_or_directory1 path/to/file_or_directory2 ...}}
Display the contents of a Phar file:,phar list -f {{path/to/phar_file}}
Delete the specified file or directory from a Phar file:,phar delete -f {{path/to/phar_file}} -e {{file_or_directory}}
Compress or uncompress files and directories in a Phar file:,phar compress -f {{path/to/phar_file}} -c {{algorithm}}
Get information about a Phar file:,phar info -f {{path/to/phar_file}}
Sign a Phar file with a specific hash algorithm:,phar sign -f {{path/to/phar_file}} -h {{algorithm}}
Sign a Phar file with an OpenSSL private key:,phar sign -f {{path/to/phar_file}} -h openssl -y {{path/to/private_key}}
Display help and available hashing/compression algorithms:,phar help
Calculate the current compression ratio for a file or directory:,sudo compsize {{path/to/file_or_directory}}
Don't traverse filesystem boundaries:,sudo compsize {{[-x|--one-file-system]}} {{path/to/file_or_directory}}
Show raw byte counts instead of human-readable sizes:,sudo compsize {{[-b|--bytes]}} {{path/to/file_or_directory}}
Route traffic via Tor:,torify {{command}}
Toggle Tor in shell:,torify {{on|off}}
Spawn a Tor-enabled shell:,torify --shell
Check for a Tor-enabled shell:,torify show
Specify Tor configuration file:,torify -c {{config-file}} {{command}}
Use a specific Tor SOCKS proxy:,torify -P {{proxy}} {{command}}
Redirect output to a file:,torify {{command}} > {{path/to/output}}
Start a VNC server using a passwordfile:,x0vncserver -display {{:0}} -passwordfile {{path/to/file}}
Start a VNC server using a specific port:,x0vncserver -display {{:0}} -rfbport {{port}}
Check cluster health status:,ceph status
Check cluster usage stats:,ceph df
Get the statistics for the placement groups in a cluster:,ceph pg dump --format {{plain}}
Create a storage pool:,ceph osd pool create {{pool_name}} {{page_number}}
Delete a storage pool:,ceph osd pool delete {{pool_name}}
Rename a storage pool:,ceph osd pool rename {{current_name}} {{new_name}}
Self-repair pool storage:,ceph pg repair {{pool_name}}
Create a fullscreen screenshot:,flameshot full
Create a screenshot interactively:,flameshot gui
Create a screenshot and save it to a specific path:,flameshot gui --path {{path/to/directory}}
Create a screenshot interactively in a simplified mode:,flameshot launcher
Create a screenshot from a specific monitor:,flameshot screen --number {{2}}
Create a screenshot and print it to `stdout`:,flameshot gui --raw
Create a screenshot and copy it to the clipboard:,flameshot gui --clipboard
Create a screenshot with a specific delay in milliseconds:,flameshot full --delay {{5000}}
View documentation for the original command:,tldr iptables
Enable ufw:,ufw enable
Disable ufw:,ufw disable
"Show ufw rules, along with their numbers:",ufw status numbered
Allow incoming traffic on port 5432 on this host with a comment identifying the service:,"ufw allow {{5432}} comment ""{{Service}}"""
"Allow only TCP traffic from 192.168.0.4 to any address on this host, on port 22:",ufw allow proto {{tcp}} from {{192.168.0.4}} to {{any}} port {{22}}
Deny traffic on port 80 on this host:,ufw deny {{80}}
Deny all UDP traffic to ports in range 8412:8500:,ufw deny proto {{udp}} from {{any}} to {{any}} port {{8412:8500}}
Delete a particular rule. The rule number can be retrieved from the `ufw status numbered` command:,ufw delete {{rule_number}}
List leftover files and interactively choose what to do with each of them:,sudo rpmconf --all
Delete orphaned RPMNEW and RPMSAVE files:,sudo rpmconf --all --clean
Synchronize all packages:,sudo emerge --sync
"Update all packages, including dependencies:",sudo emerge {{[-avuDN|--ask --verbose --update --deep --newuse]}} @world
"Resume a failed update, skipping the failing package:",sudo emerge --resume --skipfirst
"Install a new package, with confirmation:",sudo emerge {{[-av|--ask --verbose]}} {{package}}
Remove a package and its dependencies with confirmation:,sudo emerge {{[-avc|--ask --verbose --depclean]}} {{package}}
Remove orphaned packages (installed as dependencies but no longer required by any package):,sudo emerge {{[-avc|--ask --verbose --depclean]}}
Search the package database for a keyword:,emerge {{[-S|--searchdesc]}} {{keyword}}
Reserve a file taking up 700 MiB of disk space:,fallocate {{[-l|--length]}} {{700M}} {{path/to/file}}
Shrink an already allocated file by 200 MiB:,fallocate {{[-c|--collapse-range]}} {{[-l|--length]}} {{200M}} {{path/to/file}}
Shrink 20 MB of space after 100 MiB in a file:,fallocate {{[-c|--collapse-range]}} {{[-o|--offset]}} {{100M}} {{[-l|--length]}} {{20M}} {{path/to/file}}
Fold lines in a fixed width:,fold {{[-w|--width]}} {{width}} {{path/to/file}}
Count width in bytes (the default is to count in columns):,fold {{[-b|--bytes]}} {{[-w|--width]}} {{width_in_bytes}} {{path/to/file}}
Break the line after the rightmost blank within the width limit:,fold {{[-s|--spaces]}} {{[-w|--width]}} {{width}} {{path/to/file}}
Start the PipeWire daemon:,pipewire
Use a different configuration file:,pipewire --config {{path/to/file.conf}}
"Set the verbosity level (error, warn, info, debug or trace):",pipewire -{{v|vv|...|vvvvv}}
Display help:,pipewire --help
"Embed data in a PNG, prompting for a passphrase:",steghide embed {{[-cf|--coverfile]}} {{path/to/image.png}} {{[-ef|--embedfile]}} {{path/to/data.txt}}
Extract data from a WAV audio file:,steghide extract {{[-sf|--stegofile]}} {{path/to/sound.wav}}
"Display file information, trying to detect an embedded file:",steghide info {{path/to/file.jpg}}
"Embed data in a JPEG image, using maximum compression:",steghide embed {{[-cf|--coverfile]}} {{path/to/image.jpg}} {{[-ef|--embedfile]}} {{path/to/data.txt}} {{[-z|--compress]}} {{9}}
Get the list of supported encryption algorithms and modes:,steghide encinfo
"Embed encrypted data in a JPEG image, e.g. with Blowfish in CBC mode:",steghide embed {{[-cf|--coverfile]}} {{path/to/image.jpg}} {{[-ef|--embedfile]}} {{path/to/data.txt}} {{[-e|--encryption]}} {{blowfish|...}} {{cbc|...}}
Set an environment variable:,export {{VARIABLE}}={{value}}
Unset an environment variable:,export -n {{VARIABLE}}
Export a function to child processes:,export -f {{FUNCTION_NAME}}
Append a pathname to the environment variable `PATH`:,export PATH=$PATH:{{path/to/append}}
Display a list of active exported variables in shell command form:,export -p
Display the number of unsupported packages:,ubuntu-security-status
List packages that are no longer available for download:,ubuntu-security-status --unavailable
List third-party packages:,ubuntu-security-status --thirdparty
Check if zram is enabled:,lsmod | grep {{[-i|--ignore-case]}} zram
Enable zram with a dynamic number of devices (use `zramctl` to configure devices further):,sudo modprobe zram
Enable zram with exactly 2 devices:,sudo modprobe zram num_devices={{2}}
Find and initialize the next free zram device to a 2 GB virtual drive using LZ4 compression:,sudo zramctl {{[-f|--find]}} {{[-s|--size]}} {{2GB}} {{[-a|--algorithm]}} {{lz4}}
List currently initialized devices:,sudo zramctl
Create a container interactively in `/var/lib/lxc/`:,sudo lxc-create {{[-n|--name]}} {{container_name}} {{[-t|--template]}} download
Create a container in a target directory:,sudo lxc-create {{[-P|--lxcpath]}} {{/path/to/directory/}} {{[-n|--name]}} {{container_name}} {{[-t|--template]}} download
Create a container passing options to a template:,sudo lxc-create {{[-n|--name]}} {{container_name}} {{[-t|--template]}} download -- {{[-d|--dist]}} {{distro-name}} {{[-r|--release]}} {{release-version}} {{[-a|--arch]}} {{arch}}
Display help:,lxc-create {{[-?|--help]}}
Display the neighbour/ARP table entries:,ip {{[n|neighbour]}}
Remove entries in the neighbour table on device `eth0`:,sudo ip {{[n|neighbour]}} {{[f|flush]}} dev {{eth0}}
Perform a neighbour lookup and return a neighbour entry:,ip {{[n|neighbour]}} {{[g|get]}} {{lookup_ip}} dev {{eth0}}
Add or delete an ARP entry for the neighbour IP address to `eth0`:,sudo ip {{[n|neighbour]}} {{add|delete}} {{ip_address}} lladdr {{mac_address}} dev {{eth0}} nud reachable
Change or replace an ARP entry for the neighbour IP address to `eth0`:,sudo ip {{[n|neighbour]}} {{change|replace}} {{ip_address}} lladdr {{new_mac_address}} dev {{eth0}}
Disable the JSON extension for every SAPI of every PHP version:,sudo phpdismod {{json}}
Disable the JSON extension for PHP 7.3 with the cli SAPI:,sudo phpdismod -v {{7.3}} -s {{cli}} {{json}}
Display information for all CPUs:,cpuid
Display information only for the current CPU:,cpuid {{[-1|--one-cpu]}}
Display raw hex information with no decoding:,cpuid {{[-r|--raw]}}
Execute a chat script directly from the command line:,chat '{{expect_send_pairs}}'
Execute a chat script from a file:,chat -f '{{path/to/chat_script}}'
Set a custom timeout (in seconds) for expecting a response:,chat -t {{timeout_in_seconds}} '{{expect_send_pairs}}'
Enable verbose output to log the conversation to `syslog`:,chat -v '{{expect_send_pairs}}'
Use a report file to log specific strings received during the conversation:,chat -r {{path/to/report_file}} '{{expect_send_pairs}}'
"Dial a phone number using a variable, substituting `\T` in the script:","chat -T '{{phone_number}}' '{{""ATDT\\T CONNECT""}}'"
Include an abort condition if a specific string is received:,"chat 'ABORT ""{{error_string}}"" {{expect_send_pairs}}'"
Open termusic to a specific directory. (It can be set permanently in `~/.config/termusic/config.toml`):,termusic {{path/to/directory}}
Disable showing the album cover for a specific file:,termusic -c {{path/to/music_file}}
Display help:,termusic --help
View documentation for `trash-rm`:,tldr trash
"List all attributes of devices of a bus (eg. `pci`, `usb`). View all buses using `ls /sys/bus`:",systool -b {{bus}} -v
"List all attributes of a class of devices (eg. `drm`, `block`). View all classes using `ls /sys/class`:",systool -c {{class}} -v
"Show only device drivers of a bus (eg. `pci`, `usb`):",systool -b {{bus}} -D
Convert an image to WebP:,img2webp {{path/to/image}} -o {{path/to/image.webp}}
Move the process with a specific PID to the control group student in the CPU hierarchy:,cgclassify -g {{cpu:student}} {{1234}}
Move the process with a specific PID to control groups based on the `/etc/cgrules.conf` configuration file:,cgclassify {{1234}}
Move the process with a specific PID to the control group student in the CPU hierarchy. Note: The daemon of the service `cgred` does not change `cgroups` of the specific PID and its children (based on `/etc/cgrules.conf`):,cgclassify --sticky -g {{cpu:/student}} {{1234}}
Dump all information using the given LDAP account:,ldapdomaindump {{[-u|--user]}} {{domain}}\{{username}} {{[-p|--password]}} {{password|ntlm_hash}} {{hostname|ip}}
"Dump all information, resolving computer hostnames:",ldapdomaindump {{[-r|--resolve]}} {{[-u|--user]}} {{domain}}\{{username}} {{[-p|--password]}}{{password}} {{hostname|ip}}
"Dump all information, resolving computer hostnames with the selected DNS server:",ldapdomaindump {{[-r|--resolve]}} {{[-n|--dns-server]}} {{domain_controller_ip}} {{[-u|--user]}} {{domain}}\{{username}} {{[-p|--password]}}{{password}} {{hostname|ip}}
Dump all information to the given directory without JSON output:,ldapdomaindump --no-json {{[-o|--outdir]}} {{path/to/directory}} {{[-u|--user]}} {{domain}}\{{username}} {{[-p|--password]}}{{password}} {{hostname|ip}}
List available color schemes:,plasma-apply-colorscheme --list-schemes
Apply a color scheme:,plasma-apply-colorscheme {{BreezeLight}}
Display help:,plasma-apply-colorscheme --help
Remove a module from the kernel:,sudo rmmod {{module_name}}
Remove a module from the kernel and display verbose information:,sudo rmmod --verbose {{module_name}}
Remove a module from the kernel and send errors to syslog instead of `stderr`:,sudo rmmod --syslog {{module_name}}
Display help:,rmmod --help
Display version:,rmmod --version
Generate a coverage report named `file.cpp.gcov`:,gcov {{path/to/file.cpp}}
Write individual execution counts for every basic block:,gcov {{[-a|--all-blocks]}} {{path/to/file.cpp}}
Write branch frequencies to the output file and print summary information to `stdout` as a percentage:,gcov {{[-b|--branch-probabilities]}} {{path/to/file.cpp}}
"Write branch frequencies as the number of branches taken, rather than the percentage:",gcov {{[-c|--branch-counts]}} {{path/to/file.cpp}}
Do not create a `gcov` output file:,gcov {{[-n|--no-output]}} {{path/to/file.cpp}}
Write file level as well as function level summaries:,gcov {{[-f|--function-summaries]}} {{path/to/file.cpp}}
Create a btrfs filesystem on a single device:,sudo mkfs.btrfs {{[-m|--metadata]}} single {{[-d|--data]}} single {{/dev/sdX}}
Create a btrfs filesystem on multiple devices with raid1:,sudo mkfs.btrfs {{[-m|--metadata]}} raid1 {{[-d|--data]}} raid1 {{/dev/sdX /dev/sdY /dev/sdZ ...}}
Set a label for the filesystem:,"sudo mkfs.btrfs {{[-L|--label]}} ""{{label}}"" {{/dev/sdX /dev/sdY ...}}"
Overwrite existing filesystem if one is detected:,sudo mkfs.btrfs {{[-f|--force]}} {{/dev/sdX}}
Record storing to an MP4 file:,wf-recorder {{[-f|--file]}} {{output.mp4}}
"Record including audio, both with mic and system sounds:",wf-recorder {{[-a|--audio]}} {{[-f|--file]}} {{/path/to/file_with_audio.webm}}
"Select and record a portion of the screen using `slurp`, outputting to default `recording.mp4`:","wf-recorder {{[-g|--geometry]}} ""$(slurp)"""
Start a game at Level 1:,pacman4console
Start a game on a certain level (there are nine official levels):,pacman4console --level={{level_number}}
"Start the pacman4console level editor, saving to a specified text file:",pacman4consoleedit {{path/to/level_file}}
Play a custom level:,pacman4console --level={{path/to/level_file}}
Show the current setting of a boolean:,getsebool {{httpd_can_connect_ftp}}
Show the current setting of [a]ll booleans:,getsebool -a
Show the current setting of all booleans with explanations:,sudo semanage boolean {{[-l|--list]}}
Analyze logs for a range of dates at a certain level of detail:,logwatch --range {{yesterday|today|all|help}} --detail {{low|medium|others}}'
Restrict report to only include information for a selected service:,logwatch --range {{all}} --service {{apache|pam_unix|...}}
Send a file to all nodes allocated to the current job:,sbcast {{path/to/file}} {{path/to/destination}}
Autodetect shared libraries the transmitted file depends upon and transmit them as well:,sbcast --send-libs={{yes}} {{path/to/executable}} {{path/to/destination}}
Display help for a specific command:,qm help {{command}}
Display help for a specific command with detailed information:,qm help {{command}} --verbose {{true|false}}
Run all test steps for each plan:,tmt run
Run only the discover step to show what tests would be run:,tmt run discover -v
Run all steps and adjust the provision step options:,tmt run --all provision --how {{container}} --image {{fedora:rawhide}}
Run only selected plans and tests:,tmt run plan --name {{/plan/name}} test --name {{/test/name}}
Show results from the last run in a web browser:,tmt run --last report --how {{html}} --open
Run tests with the provided context:,tmt run --context {{key=value}} -c {{distro=fedora}}
Run tests interactively (debug test code in the middle of a test):,tmt run --all execute --how {{tmt}} --interactive
Use dry mode to see what actions would happen and use the highest verbosity:,tmt run --dry -vvv
Start Burp Suite:,burpsuite
Start Burp Suite using the default configuration:,burpsuite --use-defaults
Open a specific project file:,burpsuite --project-file={{path/to/file}}
Load a specific configuration file:,burpsuite --config-file={{path/to/file}}
Start without extensions:,burpsuite --disable-extensions
View documentation for the original command:,tldr systemd-mount
Delete a container:,sudo lxc-destroy {{container_name}}
Display help:,lxc-destroy {{[-?|--help]}}
Mount an OS image:,mount.ddi {{path/to/image.raw}} {{/mnt/image}}
Create and run a virtual machine from a configuration file:,quickemu --vm {{path/to/file.conf}}
Do not commit any changes to disk/snapshot but write any changes to temporary files:,quickemu --status-quo --vm {{path/to/file.conf}}
Start the virtual machine in full-screen mode (`<Ctrl Alt f>` to exit) and select the display backend (`sdl` by default):,quickemu --fullscreen --display {{sdl|gtk|spice|spice-app|none}} --vm {{path/to/file.conf}}
Select a virtual audio device to emulate and create a desktop shortcut:,quickemu --sound-card {{intel-hda|ac97|es1370|sb16|none}} --shortcut --vm {{path/to/file.conf}}
Create a snapshot:,quickemu --snapshot create {{tag}} --vm {{path/to/file.conf}}
Restore a snapshot:,quickemu --snapshot apply {{tag}} --vm {{path/to/file.conf}}
Delete a snapshot:,quickemu --snapshot delete {{tag}} --vm {{path/to/file.conf}}
Open the terminal with a title of `Example`:,xterm -T {{Example}}
Open the terminal in fullscreen mode:,xterm -fullscreen
Open the terminal with a dark blue background and yellow foreground (font color):,xterm -bg {{darkblue}} -fg {{yellow}}
"Open the terminal with 100 characters per line and 35 lines, in screen position x=200px, y=20px:",xterm -geometry {{100}}x{{35}}+{{200}}+{{20}}
Open the terminal using a Serif font and a font size equal to 20:,xterm -fa {{'Serif'}} -fs {{20}}
List password information for the user:,chage {{[-l|--list]}} {{username}}
Enable password expiration in 10 days:,sudo chage {{[-M|--maxdays]}} {{10}} {{username}}
Disable password expiration:,sudo chage {{[-M|--maxdays]}} {{-1}} {{username}}
Set account expiration date:,sudo chage {{[-E|--expiredate]}} {{YYYY-MM-DD}} {{username}}
Force user to change password on next log in:,sudo chage {{[-d|--lastday]}} {{0}} {{username}}
Re-enable an account:,sudo chage {{[-E|--expiredate]}} -1 {{username}}
List all cockpit packages:,cockpit-bridge --packages
Display help:,cockpit-bridge --help
Check the currently running kernel for Spectre or Meltdown:,sudo spectre-meltdown-checker
Check the currently running kernel and show an explanation of the actions to take to mitigate a vulnerability:,sudo spectre-meltdown-checker --explain
Check for specific variants (defaults to all):,sudo spectre-meltdown-checker --variant {{1|2|3|3a|4|l1tf|msbds|mfbds|mlpds|mdsum|taa|mcespc|srbds}}
Display output using a specific output format:,sudo spectre-meltdown-checker --batch {{text|json|nrpe|prometheus|short}}
Don't use the `/sys` interface even if present:,sudo spectre-meltdown-checker --no-sysfs
Check a non-running kernel:,sudo spectre-meltdown-checker --kernel {{path/to/kernel_file}}
Power off the machine:,telinit 0
Reboot the machine:,telinit 6
Change SysV run level:,telinit {{2|3|4|5}}
Change to rescue mode:,telinit 1
Reload daemon configuration:,telinit q
Do not send a wall message before reboot/power-off (6/0):,telinit --no-wall {{value}}
Convert a text file to PO file:,po4a-gettextize --format {{text}} --master {{path/to/master.txt}} --po {{path/to/result.po}}
List all available formats:,po4a-gettextize --help-format
Convert a text file along with a translated document to a PO file (`-l` option can be provided multiple times):,po4a-gettextize --format {{text}} --master {{path/to/master.txt}} --localized {{path/to/translated.txt}} --po {{path/to/result.po}}
Start the interactive installer:,archinstall
Start a preset installer:,archinstall {{minimal|unattended}}
Check terminal's openness to write messages:,mesg
Disallow receiving messages from other users:,mesg n
Allow receiving messages from other users:,mesg y
"Enable verbose mode, printing a warning if the command is not executed from a terminal:",mesg {{[-v|--verbose]}}
Show graph for a specific interface:,speedometer -r {{eth0}} -t {{eth0}}
Show full table of all RPC services registered on localhost:,rpcinfo
Show concise table of all RPC services registered on localhost:,rpcinfo -s {{localhost}}
Display table of statistics of rpcbind operations on localhost:,rpcinfo -m
Display list of entries of given service name (mountd) and version number (2) on a remote nfs share:,rpcinfo -l {{remote_nfs_server_ip}} {{mountd}} {{2}}
Delete the registration for version 1 of the mountd service for all transports:,rpcinfo -d {{mountd}} {{1}}
Apply a wallpaper:,plasma-apply-wallpaperimage {{/path/to/image}}
Apply a wallpaper with a fill mode:,plasma-apply-wallpaperimage --fill-mode {{stretch|preserveAspectFit|preserveAspectCrop|tile|tileVertically|tileHorizontally|pad}} {{/path/to/image}}
Display help:,plasma-apply-wallpaperimage --help
Show a list with information about currently existing Ethernet bridges:,sudo brctl show
Create a new Ethernet bridge interface:,sudo brctl add {{bridge_name}}
Delete an existing Ethernet bridge interface:,sudo brctl del {{bridge_name}}
Add an interface to an existing bridge:,sudo brctl addif {{bridge_name}} {{interface_name}}
Remove an interface from an existing bridge:,sudo brctl delif {{bridge_name}} {{interface_name}}
Display a message:,"dialog --msgbox ""{{Message}}"" {{height}} {{width}}"
Prompt the user for text:,"dialog --inputbox ""{{Enter text:}}"" {{8}} {{40}} 2>{{output.txt}}"
Prompt the user for a yes/no question:,"dialog --yesno ""{{Continue?}}"" {{7}} {{40}}"
Display help:,dialog
Download files from a `mega.nz` link into the current directory:,megatools-dl {{https://mega.nz/...}}
Download files from a `mega.nz` link into a specific directory:,megatools-dl --path {{path/to/directory}} {{https://mega.nz/...}}
Interactively choose which files to download:,megatools-dl --choose-files {{https://mega.nz/...}}
Limit the download speed in KiB/s:,megatools-dl --limit-speed {{speed}} {{https://mega.nz/...}}
Power off the system:,poweroff
Halt the system (same as `halt`):,poweroff --halt
Reboot the system (same as `reboot`):,poweroff --reboot
Shut down immediately without contacting the system manager:,poweroff {{[-f|--force]}}
Write the wtmp shutdown entry without shutting down the system:,poweroff {{[-w|--wtmp-only]}}
Download image in tarball format from a url via pull:,sudo importctl pull-tar {{URL}} {{path/to/directory}}
"Pull or download from a remote source that is either raw or qcow2 file, and stores it as a raw file:",sudo importctl pull-raw {{https://example.com/source.ext}} {{name}} --class={{machine|portable|sysext|confext}}
"Import a raw disk image into the image directory that is possibly compressed with xz, gzip, or bzip2:",importctl import-raw {{path/to/file.ext}} {{name}} --class={{machine|portable|sysext|confext}}
Export a container image as tarball into current working directory:,importctl export-tar --class={{machine|portable|sysext|confext}} {{name}} {{path/to/file.ext}}
List enrolled fingerprints for a specific user:,fprintd-list {{username}}
List enrolled fingerprints for one or more users:,fprintd-list {{username1 username2 ...}}
Display help:,fprintd-list
List all available cameras:,uvcdynctrl {{[-l|--list]}}
Use a specific device (defaults to `video0`):,uvcdynctrl {{[-d|--device]}} {{device_name}}
List available controls:,uvcdynctrl {{[-c|--clist]}}
"Set a new control value (for negative values, use `-- -value`):",uvcdynctrl {{[-s|--set]}} {{control_name}} {{value}}
Get the current control value:,uvcdynctrl {{[-g|--get]}} {{control_name}}
Save the state of the current controls to a file:,uvcdynctrl {{[-W|--save]}} {{filename}}
Load the state of the controls from a file:,uvcdynctrl {{[-L|--load]}} {{filename}}
Resolve the pathnames specified as the argument parameters:,namei {{path/to/a}} {{path/to/b}} {{path/to/c}}
Display the results in a long-listing format:,namei {{[-l|--long]}} {{path/to/a}} {{path/to/b}} {{path/to/c}}
Show the mode bits of each file type in the style of `ls`:,namei {{[-m|--modes]}} {{path/to/a}} {{path/to/b}} {{path/to/c}}
Show owner and group name of each file:,namei {{[-o|--owners]}} {{path/to/a}} {{path/to/b}} {{path/to/c}}
Don't follow symlinks while resolving:,namei {{[-n|--nosymlinks]}} {{path/to/a}} {{path/to/b}} {{path/to/c}}
Start the partition manipulator with a specific device:,cfdisk {{/dev/sdX}}
Create a new partition table for a specific device and manage it:,cfdisk {{[-z|--zero]}} {{/dev/sdX}}
Create a `toolbox` container for a specific distribution:,toolbox create {{[-d|--distro]}} {{distribution}}
Create a `toolbox` container for a specific release of the current distribution:,toolbox create {{[-r|--release]}} {{release}}
Create a `toolbox` container with a custom image:,toolbox create {{[-i|--image]}} {{name}}
Create a `toolbox` container from a custom Fedora image:,toolbox create {{[-i|--image]}} {{registry.fedoraproject.org/fedora-toolbox:39}}
Create a `toolbox` container using the default image for Fedora 39:,toolbox create {{[-d|--distro]}} {{fedora}} {{[-r|--release]}} {{f39}}
Deliver a standard test email to `user@example.com` on port 25 of `test-server.example.net`:,swaks {{[-t|--to]}} {{user@example.com}} {{[-s|--server]}} {{test-server.example.net}}
"Deliver a standard test email, requiring CRAM-MD5 authentication as user `me@example.com`. An ""X-Test"" header will be added to the email body:","swaks {{[-t|--to]}} {{user@example.com}} {{[-f|--from]}} {{me@example.com}} {{[-a|--auth]}} {{CRAM-MD5}} {{[-au|--auth-user]}} {{me@example.com}} --header-X-Test ""{{test_email}}"""
Test a virus scanner using EICAR in an attachment. Don't show the message DATA part:,swaks {{[-t|--to]}} {{user@example.com}} --attach - {{[-s|--server]}} {{test-server.example.com}} {{[-n|--suppress-data]}} {{path/to/eicar.txt}}
"Test a spam scanner using GTUBE in the body of an email, routed via the MX records for `example.com`:",swaks {{[-t|--to]}} {{user@example.com}} --body {{path/to/gtube_file}}
Deliver a standard test email to `user@example.com` using the LMTP protocol via a UNIX domain socket file:,swaks {{[-t|--to]}} {{user@example.com}} --socket {{/var/lda.sock}} --protocol {{LMTP}}
List the available event names (e.g. `SIGWINCH`):,trap -l
List the commands and the names of the expected events:,trap
Execute a command when a signal is received:,"trap 'echo ""Caught signal {{SIGHUP}}""' {{SIGHUP}}"
Remove commands:,trap - {{SIGHUP}} {{SIGINT}}
Ignore a signal:,trap '' {{SIGINT}}
View documentation for the original command:,tldr setarch
List all installed packages:,equery list '*'
Search for installed packages in the Portage tree and in overlays:,equery list -po {{package1 package2 ...}}
List all packages that depend on a given package:,equery depends {{package}}
List all packages that a given package depends on:,equery depgraph {{package}}
List all files installed by a package:,equery files --tree {{package}}
Synchronize the database and list pending updates:,checkupdates
List pending updates without syncing the database:,checkupdates {{[-n|--nosync]}}
Display the list of pending updates if it differs from the last time this option was used:,checkupdates {{[-c|--change]}}
List pending updates and download the packages to the `pacman` cache (`/var/cache/pacman/pkg`):,checkupdates {{[-d|--download]}}
List pending updates using a specific `pacman` database:,CHECKUPDATES_DB={{path/to/directory}} checkupdates
Display help:,checkupdates {{[-h|--help]}}
List available Qt versions from the configuration files:,qtchooser --list-versions
Print environment information:,qtchooser --print-env
Run the specified tool using the specified Qt version:,qtchooser --run-tool={{tool}} --qt={{version_name}}
Add a Qt version entry to be able to choose from:,qtchooser --install {{version_name}} {{path/to/qmake}}
Display help:,qtchooser --help
Update the list of available packages and versions:,deb-get update
Search for a given package:,deb-get search {{package}}
Show information about a package:,deb-get show {{package}}
"Install a package, or update it to the latest available version:",deb-get install {{package}}
Remove a package (using `purge` instead also removes its configuration files):,deb-get remove {{package}}
Upgrade all installed packages to their newest available versions:,deb-get upgrade
List all available packages:,deb-get list
Display information about volume groups:,vgs
Display all volume groups:,vgs {{[-a|--all]}}
Change default display to show more details:,vgs {{[-v|--verbose]}}
Display only specific fields:,"vgs {{[-o|--options]}} {{field_name_1}},{{field_name_2}}"
Append field to default display:,vgs {{[-o|--options]}} +{{field_name}}
Suppress heading line:,vgs --noheadings
Use separator to separate fields:,vgs --separator =
Generate a local policy to allow access for all denied services:,sudo audit2allow {{[-a|--all]}} -M {{local_policy_name}}
Generate a local policy module to grant access to a specific process/service/command from the audit logs:,sudo grep {{apache2}} /var/log/audit/audit.log | sudo audit2allow -M {{local_policy_name}}
Inspect and review the Type Enforcement (.te) file for a local policy:,vim {{local_policy_name}}.te
Install a local policy module:,sudo semodule {{[-i|--install]}} {{local_policy_name}}.pp
View documentation for the original command:,tldr qm disk import
"Print the hexadecimal representation of a file, replacing duplicate lines by '*':",hexdump {{path/to/file}}
Display the input offset in hexadecimal and its ASCII representation in two columns:,hexdump {{[-C|--canonical]}} {{path/to/file}}
"Display the hexadecimal representation of a file, but interpret only n bytes of the input:",hexdump {{[-C|--canonical]}} {{[-n|--length]}} {{number_of_bytes}} {{path/to/file}}
Don't replace duplicate lines with '*':,hexdump {{[-v|--no-squeezing]}} {{path/to/file}}
Install a service:,update-rc.d {{mysql}} defaults
Enable a service:,update-rc.d {{mysql}} enable
Disable a service:,update-rc.d {{mysql}} disable
Forcibly remove a service:,update-rc.d -f {{mysql}} remove
Reset a specific key value:,dconf reset {{/path/to/key}}
Reset a specific directory:,dconf reset -f {{/path/to/directory/}}
Change the line endings of a file:,mac2unix {{path/to/file}}
Create a copy with Unix-style line endings:,mac2unix {{[-n|--newfile]}} {{path/to/file}} {{path/to/new_file}}
Display file information:,mac2unix {{[-i|--info]}} {{path/to/file}}
Keep/add/remove Byte Order Mark:,mac2unix --{{keep-bom|add-bom|remove-bom}} {{path/to/file}}
Start the IPMI driver for local connections:,systemctl start ipmidrv
Open IPMI shell on the local hardware:,sudo ipmitool shell
Open IPMI shell on a remote host:,ipmitool -H {{ip_address}} -U {{user_name}} shell
Install one or more packages from files:,sudo pacman -U {{path/to/package1.pkg.tar.zst}} {{path/to/package2.pkg.tar.zst}}
Install a package without prompting:,sudo pacman -U --noconfirm {{path/to/package.pkg.tar.zst}}
Overwrite conflicting files during a package installation:,sudo pacman -U --overwrite {{path/to/file}} {{path/to/package.pkg.tar.zst}}
"Install a package, skipping the [d]ependency version checks:",sudo pacman -Ud {{path/to/package.pkg.tar.zst}}
Fetch and [p]rint packages that would be affected by upgrade (does not install any packages):,pacman -Up {{path/to/package.pkg.tar.zst}}
Display [h]elp:,pacman -Uh
List all process types (a.k.a domains) that are in permissive mode:,sudo semanage permissive {{[-l|--list]}}
Set permissive mode for a domain:,sudo semanage permissive {{[-a|--add]}} {{httpd_t}}
Unset permissive mode for a domain:,sudo semanage permissive {{[-d|--delete]}} {{httpd_t}}
Retrieve the X-Windows window ID of the running Firefox window(s):,xdotool search --onlyvisible --name {{firefox}}
Perform a mouse `<RightClick>`:,xdotool click {{3}}
Get the ID of the currently active window:,xdotool getactivewindow
Focus on the window with ID of 12345:,xdotool windowfocus --sync {{12345}}
"Type a message, with a 500ms delay for each letter:","xdotool type --delay {{500}} ""Hello world"""
Press the `<Enter>` key:,xdotool key {{KP_Enter}}
"Start the window manager, if it is not running already (should ideally be run from `.xsession` or similar):",qtile start
Check the configuration file for any compilation errors (default location is `~/.config/qtile/config.py`):,qtile check
Show current resource usage information:,qtile top --force
Open the program `xterm` as a floating window on the group named `test-group`:,qtile run-cmd --group {{test-group}} --float {{xterm}}
Restart the window manager:,qtile cmd-obj --object cmd --function restart
Remove a toolbox container:,toolbox rm {{container_name}}
Remove all `toolbox` containers:,toolbox rm {{[-a|--all]}}
Force the removal of a currently active `toolbox` container:,toolbox rm {{[-f|--force]}} {{container_name}}
"Take an image of a device, creating a log file:",sudo ddrescue {{/dev/sdb}} {{path/to/image.dd}} {{path/to/log.txt}}
"Clone Disk A to Disk B, creating a log file:",sudo ddrescue {{[-f|--force]}} {{[-n|--no-scrape]}} {{/dev/sdX}} {{/dev/sdY}} {{path/to/log.txt}}
Set policy to complain mode:,sudo aa-complain {{path/to/profile1 path/to/profile2 ...}}
Set policies to complain mode:,sudo aa-complain --dir {{path/to/profiles}}
Trigger a run manually:,logrotate {{path/to/logrotate.conf}} --force
Run using a specific command to mail reports:,logrotate {{path/to/logrotate.conf}} --mail {{/usr/bin/mail_command}}
Run without using a state (lock) file:,logrotate {{path/to/logrotate.conf}} --state /dev/null
Run and skip the state (lock) file check:,logrotate {{path/to/logrotate.conf}} --skip-state-lock
Tell `logrotate` to log verbose output into the log file:,logrotate {{path/to/logrotate.conf}} --log {{path/to/log_file}}
Uninstall a package:,sudo urpme {{package}}
Uninstall orphan packages (Note: Use it with caution as it might unintentionally remove important packages):,sudo urpme --auto-orphans
Uninstall a package and its dependencies:,sudo urpme --auto-orphans {{package}}
Format a USB then create a bootable Windows installation drive:,woeusb --device {{path/to/windows.iso}} {{/dev/sdX}}
"Copy Windows files to an existing partition of a USB storage device and make it bootable, without erasing the current data:",woeusb --partition {{path/to/windows.iso}} {{/dev/sdXN}}
Play the specified mp3 files:,mpg123 {{path/to/file1.mp3 path/to/file2.mp3 ...}}
Play the mp3 from `stdin`:,cat {{file.mp3}} | mpg123 -
Jump forward to the next song:,<f>
Jump back to the beginning for the song:,<b>
Stop or replay the current file:,<s>
Fast forward:,<.>
Quit:,<q>
Run the daemon with a configuration file:,dbus-daemon --config-file {{path/to/file}}
Run the daemon with the standard per-login-session message bus configuration:,dbus-daemon --session
Run the daemon with the standard systemwide message bus configuration:,dbus-daemon --system
Set the address to listen on and override the configuration value for it:,dbus-daemon --address {{address}}
Output the process ID to `stdout`:,dbus-daemon --print-pid
Force the message bus to write to the system log for messages:,dbus-daemon --syslog
Register `nmcli` as a secret agent and listen for secret requests:,nmcli agent secret
Register `nmcli` as a polkit agent and listen for authorization requests:,nmcli agent polkit
Register `nmcli` as a secret agent and a polkit agent:,nmcli agent all
Display shared library dependencies of a binary:,ldd {{path/to/binary}}
Display all information about dependencies:,ldd --verbose {{path/to/binary}}
Display unused direct dependencies:,ldd --unused {{path/to/binary}}
Report missing data objects and perform data relocations:,ldd --data-relocs {{path/to/binary}}
"Report missing data objects and functions, and perform relocations for both:",ldd --function-relocs {{path/to/binary}}
Show all data on the given interface and port:,tcpflow -c -i {{eth0}} port {{80}}
Create subvolume:,sudo btrfs subvolume create {{path/to/subvolume}}
List subvolumes:,sudo btrfs subvolume list {{path/to/mount_point}}
Show space usage information:,sudo btrfs filesystem df {{path/to/mount_point}}
Enable quota:,sudo btrfs quota enable {{path/to/subvolume}}
Show quota:,sudo btrfs qgroup show {{path/to/subvolume}}
Check if a file is an ARM EFI image:,grub-file --is-arm-efi {{path/to/file}}
Check if a file is an i386 EFI image:,grub-file --is-i386-efi {{path/to/file}}
Check if a file is an x86_64 EFI image:,grub-file --is-x86_64-efi {{path/to/file}}
Check if a file is an ARM image (Linux kernel):,grub-file --is-arm-linux {{path/to/file}}
Check if a file is an x86 image (Linux kernel):,grub-file --is-x86-linux {{path/to/file}}
Check if a file is an x86_64 XNU image (macOS kernel):,grub-file --is-x86_64-xnu {{path/to/file}}
Run `trayer`:,trayer
Position `trayer` to a specific edge:,trayer --edge {{left|right|top|bottom}}
Provide a specific height and width of the panel (in pixels):,trayer --width {{10}} --height {{32}}
Provide the width of the panel in pixels or percentages:,trayer --widthtype {{pixel|percent}} --width {{72}}
Align `trayer` to a specific direction:,trayer --align {{left|center|right}}
Provide spacing between icons (in pixels):,trayer --iconspacing {{10}}
Cancel a job using its ID:,scancel {{job_id}}
Cancel all jobs from a user:,scancel {{user_name}}
View documentation for the original command:,tldr bat
Generate a graph to `pw.dot` file:,pw-dot
Read objects from `pw-dump` JSON file:,pw-dot {{[-j|--json]}} {{path/to/file.json}}
"Specify an output file, showing all object types:",pw-dot {{[-o|--output]}} {{path/to/file.dot}} {{[-a|--all]}}
"Print `.dot` graph to `stdout`, showing all object properties:",pw-dot {{[-o|--output]}} - {{[-d|--detail]}}
"Generate a graph from a remote instance, showing only linked objects:",pw-dot {{[-r|--remote]}} {{remote_name}} {{[-s|--smart]}}
"Lay the graph from left to right, instead of dot's default top to bottom:",pw-dot {{[-L|--lr]}}
Lay the graph using 90-degree angles in edges:,pw-dot {{[-9|--90]}}
Display help:,pw-dot {{[-h|--help]}}
Enable a virtual host:,sudo a2ensite {{virtual_host}}
Don't show informative messages:,sudo a2ensite --quiet {{virtual_host}}
List all the files included in an ISO image:,isoinfo -f -i {{path/to/image.iso}}
E[x]tract a specific file from an ISO image and send it out `stdout`:,isoinfo -i {{path/to/image.iso}} -x {{/PATH/TO/FILE/INSIDE/ISO.EXT}}
Show header information for an ISO disk image:,isoinfo -d -i {{path/to/image.iso}}
Print the count of unread articles:,feedreader --unreadCount
Add a URL for a feed to follow:,feedreader --addFeed={{feed_url}}
Grab a specific article using its URL:,feedreader --grabArticle={{article_url}}
Download all images from a specific article:,feedreader --url={{feed_url}} --grabImages={{article_path}}
Play media from a URL:,feedreader --playMedia={{article_url}}
Launch an application:,gtk-launch {{Application_name}}
Display help:,gtk-launch {{[-h|--help]}}
Run a command using Tor:,torsocks {{command}}
Enable or disable Tor in this shell:,. torsocks {{on|off}}
Spawn a new Tor enabled shell:,torsocks --shell
Check if current shell is Tor enabled (`LD_PRELOAD` value will be empty if disabled):,torsocks show
"Isolate traffic through a different Tor circuit, improving anonymity:",torsocks {{[-i|--isolate]}} {{curl https://check.torproject.org/api/ip}}
Connect to a Tor proxy running on a specific address and port:,torsocks {{[-a|--address]}} {{ip}} {{[-P|--port]}} {{port}} {{command}}
Start a specific virtual machine:,qm start {{100}}
Specify the QEMU machine type (i.e. the CPU to emulate):,qm start {{100}} --machine {{q35}}
Start a specific virtual machine with a timeout in 60 seconds:,qm start {{100}} --timeout {{60}}
Edit the group file:,vigr
Display version:,vigr {{[-V|--version]}}
List local containers matching a string. Omit the string to list all local containers:,lxc list {{match_string}}
List images matching a string. Omit the string to list all images:,lxc image list [{{remote}}:]{{match_string}}
Create a new container from an image:,lxc init [{{remote}}:]{{image}} {{container}}
Start a container:,lxc start [{{remote}}:]{{container}}
Stop a container:,lxc stop [{{remote}}:]{{container}}
Show detailed info about a container:,lxc info [{{remote}}:]{{container}}
Take a snapshot of a container:,lxc snapshot [{{remote}}:]{{container}} {{snapshot}}
Execute a specific command inside a container:,lxc exec [{{remote}}:]{{container}} {{command}}
"Start calculating, defaulting to all CPU cores and 1 second refresh interval:",sudo cpufreq-aperf
Start calculating for CPU 1 only:,sudo cpufreq-aperf {{[-c|--cpu]}} {{1}}
Start calculating with a 3 second refresh interval for all CPU cores:,sudo cpufreq-aperf {{[-i|--interval]}} {{3}}
Calculate only once:,sudo cpufreq-aperf {{[-o|--once]}}
Inhibit power management:,kde-inhibit --power {{command}} {{command_arguments}}
Inhibit screen saver:,kde-inhibit --screenSaver {{command}} {{command_arguments}}
"Launch VLC, and inhibit color correction (night mode) while it's running:",kde-inhibit --colorCorrect {{vlc}}
Purge and process manual pages:,mandb
Update a single entry:,mandb --filename {{path/to/file}}
Create entries from scratch instead of updating:,mandb --create
Only process user databases:,mandb --user-db
Do not purge obsolete entries:,mandb --no-purge
Check the validity of manual pages:,mandb --test
Add a new abbreviation:,abbr {{[-a|--add]}} {{abbreviation_name}} {{command}} {{command_arguments}}
Rename an existing abbreviation:,abbr --rename {{old_name}} {{new_name}}
Erase an existing abbreviation:,abbr {{[-e|--erase]}} {{abbreviation_name}}
Import the abbreviations defined on another host over SSH:,ssh {{host_name}} abbr {{[-s|--show]}} | source
[R]emove a package and its dependencies recur[s]ively:,sudo pacman -Rs {{package}}
[R]emove a package and its dependencies. Also do [n]ot save backups of configuration files:,sudo pacman -Rsn {{package}}
[R]emove a package without prompting:,sudo pacman -R --noconfirm {{package}}
[R]emove orphan packages (installed as [d]ependencies but no[t] required by any package):,sudo pacman -Rsn $(pacman -Qdtq)
[R]emove a package and [c]ascade that to all packages that depend on it:,sudo pacman -Rc {{package}}
List and [p]rint packages that would be affected (does not [R]emove any packages):,pacman -Rp {{package}}
Display [h]elp:,pacman -Rh
Swap filepaths:,exch {{path/to/file1}} {{path/to/file2}}
Create `sources.list` using the lowest latency server:,sudo netselect-apt
"Specify Debian branch, stable is used by default:",sudo netselect-apt {{testing}}
Include non-free section:,sudo netselect-apt {{[-n|--non-free]}}
Specify a country for the mirror list lookup:,sudo netselect-apt {{[-c|--country]}} {{India}}
Convert an OpenSSH private key to the Dropbear format:,dropbearconvert openssh dropbear {{path/to/input_key}} {{path/to/output_key}}
Convert a Dropbear private key to the OpenSSH format:,dropbearconvert dropbear openssh {{path/to/input_key}} {{path/to/output_key}}
Restore all files from a btrfs filesystem to a given directory:,sudo btrfs restore {{path/to/btrfs_device}} {{path/to/target_directory}}
List (don't write) files to be restored from a btrfs filesystem:,sudo btrfs restore {{[-D|--dry-run]}} {{path/to/btrfs_device}} {{path/to/target_directory}}
Restore files matching a given regex ([c]ase-insensitive) files to be restored from a btrfs filesystem (all parent directories of target file(s) must match as well):,sudo btrfs restore --path-regex {{regex}} -c {{path/to/btrfs_device}} {{path/to/target_directory}}
Restore files from a btrfs filesystem using a specific root [t]ree `bytenr` (see `btrfs-find-root`):,sudo btrfs restore -t {{bytenr}} {{path/to/btrfs_device}} {{path/to/target_directory}}
"Restore files from a btrfs filesystem (along with metadata, extended attributes, and Symlinks), overwriting files in the target:",sudo btrfs restore {{[-m|--metadata]}} {{[-x|--xattr]}} {{[-S|--symlinks]}} {{[-o|--overwrite]}} {{path/to/btrfs_device}} {{path/to/target_directory}}
List CPUs:,sudo cpupower {{[-c|--cpu]}} {{all}} info
Print information about all cores:,sudo cpupower {{[-c|--cpu]}} {{all}} info
Set all CPUs to a power-saving frequency governor:,sudo cpupower {{[-c|--cpu]}} {{all}} frequency-set --governor {{powersave}}
Print CPU 0's available frequency governors:,"sudo cpupower {{[-c|--cpu]}} {{0}} frequency-info {{[-g|--governors]}} | grep ""analyzing\|governors"""
"Print CPU 4's frequency from the hardware, in a human-readable format:",sudo cpupower {{[-c|--cpu]}} {{4}} frequency-info {{[-w|--hwfreq]}} {{[-m|--human]}}
"Play a specific file (sampling rate, bit depth, etc. will be automatically determined for the file format):",aplay {{path/to/file}}
Play the first 10 seconds of a specific file at 2500 Hz:,aplay --duration={{10}} --rate={{2500}} {{path/to/file}}
"Play the raw file as a 22050 Hz, mono, 8-bit, Mu-Law `.au` file:",aplay --channels={{1}} --file-type {{raw}} --rate={{22050}} --format={{mu_law}} {{path/to/file}}
"Display CPU, disk, net, paging and system statistics:",dstat
Display statistics every 5 seconds and 4 updates only:,dstat {{5}} {{4}}
Display CPU and memory statistics only:,dstat {{[-c|--cpu]}} {{[-m|--mem]}}
List all available dstat plugins:,dstat --list
Display the process using the most memory and most CPU:,dstat --top-mem --top-cpu
Display battery percentage and remaining battery time:,dstat --battery --battery-remain
Set up a Git repo and perform various setup tasks (run from `/etc`):,sudo etckeeper init
Commit all changes in `/etc`:,sudo etckeeper commit {{message}}
Run arbitrary Git commands:,sudo etckeeper vcs {{status}}
Check if there are uncommitted changes (only returns an exit code):,sudo etckeeper unclean
Destroy existing repo and stop tracking changes:,sudo etckeeper uninit
Start an interactive shell session on a node in the cluster:,salloc
Execute the specified command synchronously on a node in the cluster:,salloc {{ls --all}}
Only allocate nodes fulfilling the specified constraints:,salloc {{[-C|--constraint]}} {{(amd|intel)&gpu}}
Change the line endings of a file:,unix2dos {{path/to/file}}
Create a copy with DOS-style line endings:,unix2dos {{[-n|--newfile]}} {{path/to/file}} {{path/to/new_file}}
Display file information:,unix2dos {{[-i|--info]}} {{path/to/file}}
Keep/add/remove Byte Order Mark:,unix2dos --{{keep-bom|add-bom|remove-bom}} {{path/to/file}}
Delay in seconds:,sleep {{seconds}}
"Delay in [m]inutes. (Other units [d]ay, [h]our, [s]econd, [inf]inity can also be used):",sleep {{minutes}}m
Delay for 1 [d]ay 3 [h]ours:,sleep 1d 3h
Execute a specific command after 20 [m]inutes delay:,sleep 20m && {{command}}
Enroll a new password (similar to `cryptsetup luksAddKey`):,systemd-cryptenroll --password {{path/to/luks2_block_device}}
Enroll a new recovery key (i.e. a randomly generated passphrase that can be used as a fallback):,systemd-cryptenroll --recovery-key {{path/to/luks2_block_device}}
"List available tokens, or enroll a new PKCS#11 token:",systemd-cryptenroll --pkcs11-token-uri {{list|auto|pkcs11_token_uri}} {{path/to/luks2_block_device}}
"List available FIDO2 devices, or enroll a new FIDO2 device (`auto` can be used as the device name when there is only one token plugged in):",systemd-cryptenroll --fido2-device {{list|auto|path/to/fido2_hidraw_device}} {{path/to/luks2_block_device}}
Enroll a new FIDO2 device with user verification (biometrics):,systemd-cryptenroll --fido2-device {{auto|path/to/fido2_hidraw_device}} --fido2-with-user-verification yes {{path/to/luks2_block_device}}
"Unlock using a FIDO2 device, and enroll a new FIDO2 device:",systemd-cryptenroll --unlock-fido2-device {{path/to/fido2_hidraw_unlock_device}} --fido2-device {{path/to/fido2_hidraw_enroll_device}} {{path/to/luks2_block_device}}
Enroll a TPM2 security chip (only secure-boot-policy PCR) and require an additional alphanumeric PIN:,systemd-cryptenroll --tpm2-device {{auto|path/to/tpm2_block_device}} --tpm2-with-pin yes {{path/to/luks2_block_device}}
Remove all empty passwords/all passwords/all FIDO2 devices/all PKCS#11 tokens/all TPM2 security chips/all recovery keys/all methods:,systemd-cryptenroll --wipe-slot {{empty|password|fido2|pkcs#11|tpm2|recovery|all}} {{path/to/luks2_block_device}}
Mirror an image horizontally or vertically:,jpegtran {{[-f|-flip]}} {{horizontal|vertical}} {{path/to/image.jpg}} > {{path/to/output.jpg}}
"Rotate an image 90, 180 or 270 degrees clockwise:",jpegtran {{[-ro|-rotate]}} {{90|180|270}} {{path/to/image.jpg}} > {{path/to/output.jpg}}
Transpose the image across the upper-left to lower right axis:,jpegtran -transpose {{path/to/image.jpg}} > {{path/to/output.jpg}}
Transverse the image across the upper right to lower left axis:,jpegtran -transverse {{path/to/image.jpg}} > {{path/to/output.jpg}}
Convert the image to grayscale:,jpegtran {{[-g|-grayscale]}} {{path/to/image.jpg}} > {{path/to/output.jpg}}
"Crop the image to a rectangular region of width `W` and height `H` from the upper-left corner, saving the output to a specific file:",jpegtran -crop {{W}}x{{H}} -outfile {{path/to/output.jpg}} {{path/to/image.jpg}}
"Crop the image to a rectangular region of width `W` and height `H`, starting at point `X` and `Y` from the upper-left corner:",jpegtran -crop {{W}}x{{H}}+{{X}}+{{Y}} {{path/to/image.jpg}} > {{path/to/output.jpg}}
Use `mangohud` on top of an application:,mangohud {{command}}
Change overlay position:,<RightShift F11>
Change overlay verbosity:,<RightShift F10>
Toggle overlay visibility:,<RightShift F12>
"If specified with onboot, this fixfiles will record the current date in the `/.autorelabel` file, so that it can be used later to speed up labeling. If used with restore, the restore will only affect files that were modified today:",fixfiles -B
[F]orce reset of context to match `file_context` for customizable files:,fixfiles -F
Clear `/tmp` directory without confirmation:,fixfiles -f
Use the [R]pm database to discover all files within specific packages and restore the file contexts:,"fixfiles -R {{rpm_package1,rpm_package2 ...}}"
"Run a diff on the `PREVIOUS_FILECONTEXT` file to the [C]urrently installed one, and restore the context of all affected files:",fixfiles -C PREVIOUS_FILECONTEXT
Only act on files created after a specific date which will be passed to find `--newermt` command:,fixfiles -N {{YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM}}
"Bind [M]ount filesystems before relabeling them, this allows fixing the context of files or directories that have been mounted over:",fixfiles -M
Modify [v]erbosity from progress to verbose and run `restorecon` with `-v` instead of `-p`:,fixfiles -v
List currently installed modules:,dkms status
Rebuild all modules for the currently running kernel:,dkms autoinstall
Install version 1.2.1 of the acpi_call module for the currently running kernel:,dkms install -m {{acpi_call}} -v {{1.2.1}}
Remove version 1.2.1 of the acpi_call module from all kernels:,dkms remove -m {{acpi_call}} -v {{1.2.1}} --all
Generate an SSH key of [t]ype ed25519 and write it to key [f]ile:,dropbearkey -t {{ed25519}} -f {{path/to/key_file}}
Generate an SSH key of [t]ype ecdsa and write it to key [f]ile:,dropbearkey -t {{ecdsa}} -f {{path/to/key_file}}
Generate an SSH key of [t]ype RSA with 4096-bit key [s]ize and write it to key [f]ile:,dropbearkey -t {{rsa}} -s {{4096}} -f {{path/to/key_file}}
Print the private key fingerprint and public key in key [f]ile:,dropbearkey -y -f {{path/to/key_file}}
Connect to an FTP server:,lftp {{[-u|--user]}} {{username}} {{ftp.example.com}}
Download multiple files (glob expression):,mget {{path/to/*.png}}
Upload multiple files (glob expression):,mput {{path/to/*.zip}}
Delete multiple files on the remote server:,mrm {{path/to/*.txt}}
Rename a file on the remote server:,mv {{original_filename}} {{new_filename}}
Download or update an entire directory:,mirror {{path/to/remote_dir}} {{path/to/local_output_dir}}
Upload or update an entire directory:,mirror {{[-R|--reverse]}} {{path/to/local_dir}} {{path/to/remote_output_dir}}
Remove one or more `toolbox` image:,toolbox rmi {{image_name1 image_name2 ...}}
Remove all `toolbox` images:,toolbox rmi {{[-a|--all]}}
Force the removal of a `toolbox` image which is currently being used by a container (the container will be removed as well):,toolbox rmi {{[-f|--force]}} {{image_name}}
View documentation for the correct command:,tldr umount
Display all filesystems and their disk usage:,df
Display all filesystems and their disk usage in human-readable form:,df {{[-h|--human-readable]}}
Display the filesystem and its disk usage containing the given file or directory:,df {{path/to/file_or_directory}}
Include statistics on the number of free inodes:,df {{[-i|--inodes]}}
Display filesystems but exclude the specified types:,df {{[-x|--exclude-type]}} {{squashfs}} {{[-x|--exclude-type]}} {{tmpfs}}
Display filesystem types:,df {{[-T|--print-type]}}
Knock on ports using different protocols:,knock {{hostname}} {{portnumber}}:{{protocol}}
Knock on port using UDP:,knock {{[-u|--udp]}} {{hostname}} {{portnumber}}
Force usage of IPv4/IPv6:,knock {{-4|-6}} {{hostname}} {{portnumber}}
Display errors and details of connection:,knock {{[-v|--verbose]}} {{hostname}} {{portnumber}}
View the current branch:,steamos-select-branch -c
List all available branches:,steamos-select-branch -l
Switch to the beta branch:,steamos-select-branch beta
Switch back to the stable release:,steamos-select-branch stable
Switch to the bleeding edge branch:,steamos-select-branch main
Search for a package in remote repositories using a regular expression or a keyword (if `--regex` is omitted):,xbps-query {{[-s|--search]}} {{regular_expression|keyword}} --repository --regex
Show information about an installed package:,xbps-query {{[-S|--show]}} {{package}}
Show information about a package in remote repositories:,xbps-query {{[-S|--show]}} {{package}} --repository
List packages registered in the package database:,xbps-query {{[-l|--list-pkgs]}}
List explicitly installed packages (i.e. not automatically installed as dependencies):,xbps-query {{[-m|--list-manual-pkgs]}}
Infer ancestral sequences maximizing the joint or marginal likelihood:,treetime ancestral
Analyze patterns of recurrent mutations aka homoplasies:,treetime homoplasy
Estimate molecular clock parameters and reroot the tree:,treetime clock
Map discrete character such as host or country to the tree:,treetime mugration
Print the contents of a file to `stdout`:,cat {{path/to/file}}
Concatenate several files into an output file:,cat {{path/to/file1 path/to/file2 ...}} > {{path/to/output_file}}
Append several files to an output file:,cat {{path/to/file1 path/to/file2 ...}} >> {{path/to/output_file}}
Write `stdin` to a file:,cat - > {{path/to/file}}
Number all output lines:,cat {{[-n|--number]}} {{path/to/file}}
Display non-printable and whitespace characters (with `M-` prefix if non-ASCII):,cat {{[-vte|--show-nonprinting -t -e]}} {{path/to/file}}
Load a new kernel:,kexec {{[-l|--load]}} {{path/to/kernel}} --initrd={{path/to/initrd}} --command-line={{arguments}}
Load a new kernel with current boot parameters:,kexec {{[-l|--load]}} {{path/to/kernel}} --initrd={{path/to/initrd}} --reuse-cmdline
Execute a currently loaded kernel:,kexec {{[-e|--exec]}}
Unload current kexec target kernel:,kexec {{[-u|--unload]}}
Open a file:,more {{path/to/file}}
Display a specific line:,more +{{line_number}} {{path/to/file}}
Go to the next page:,<Space>
Search for a string (press `<n>` to go to the next match):,</>{{something}}<Enter>
Exit:,<q>
Display help about interactive commands:,<h>
Fetch a value:,uci get {{network.lan.ipaddr}}
List all options and their values:,uci show {{network}}
Set a value:,uci set {{config}}.{{section}}.{{option}}={{value}}
Add a new section:,uci add {{config}} {{section}}
Delete a section or value:,uci delete {{config}}.{{section}}.{{option}}
Commit changes:,uci commit {{config}}
Discard uncommitted changes:,uci revert {{config}}
Display help:,uci
Print all current sessions:,loginctl list-sessions
Print all properties of a specific session:,loginctl show-session {{session_id}} {{[-a|--all]}}
Print all properties of a specific user:,loginctl show-user {{username}}
Print a specific property of a user:,loginctl show-user {{username}} {{[-p|--property]}} {{property_name}}
Execute a `loginctl` operation on a remote host:,loginctl list-users {{[-H|--host]}} {{hostname}}
Log a user out on all of their sessions:,loginctl terminate-user {{username}}
Display help:,loginctl {{[-h|--help]}}
Notify systemd that the service has completed its initialization and is fully started. It should be invoked when the service is ready to accept incoming requests:,systemd-notify --booted
Signal to systemd that the service is ready to handle incoming connections or perform its tasks:,systemd-notify --ready
Provide a custom status message to systemd (this information is shown by `systemctl status`):,"systemd-notify --status ""{{Add custom status message here...}}"""
View documentation for the original command:,tldr pacman upgrade
Set up a given swap area:,sudo mkswap {{path/to/file}}
Check a partition for bad blocks before creating the swap area:,sudo mkswap {{[-c|--check]}} {{path/to/file}}
Specify a label for the partition (to allow `swapon` to use the label):,sudo mkswap {{[-L|--label]}} {{label}} {{/dev/sdXY}}
Use the specified UUID:,sudo mkswap {{[-U|--uuid]}} {{clear|random|time|UUID_value}}
"Set up a swap file (for btrfs, see `tldr btrfs filesystem` instead):",sudo mkswap {{[-s|--size]}} {{file_size}} {{[-F|--file]}} {{path/to/swapfile}}
Show a quick summary overview of the cluster:,sinfo {{[-s|--summarize]}}
View the detailed status of all partitions across the entire cluster:,sinfo
View the detailed status of a specific partition:,sinfo {{[-p|--partition]}} {{partition_name}}
View information about idle nodes:,sinfo {{[-t|--states]}} {{idle}}
Summarise dead nodes:,sinfo {{[-d|--dead]}}
List dead nodes and the reasons why:,sinfo {{[-R|--list-reasons]}}
View an image:,viewnior {{path/to/image.ext}}
View in fullscreen mode:,viewnior --fullscreen {{path/to/image.ext}}
View fullscreen in slideshow mode:,viewnior --slideshow {{path/to/image.ext}}
Display the wireframe of an icosahedron that changes its position every 0.1 seconds:,ico -sleep {{0.1}}
Display a solid icosahedron with red faces on a blue background:,ico -faces -noedges -colors {{red}} -bg {{blue}}
Display the wireframe of a cube with size 100x100 that moves by +1+2 per frame:,ico -obj {{cube}} -size {{100x100}} -delta {{+1+2}}
Display the inverted wireframe of an icosahedron with line width 10 using 5 threads:,ico -i -lw {{10}} -threads {{5}}
"Move `/proc`, `/dev`, `/sys` and `/run` to the specified filesystem, use this filesystem as the new root and start the specified init process:",switch_root {{new_root}} {{/sbin/init}}
Display help:,switch_root {{[-h|--help]}}
Display the current access control list:,xhost
Allow a specific host to connect to the X server:,xhost +{{hostname}}
Deny a specific host from connecting to the X server:,xhost -{{hostname}}
Allow all hosts to connect (disable access control — insecure):,xhost +
Deny all hosts except those explicitly allowed (enable access control):,xhost -
Remove a specific user or address using a family prefix (like `inet:hostname` or `si:localuser:username`):,xhost -{{family:name}}
Extend partition `n` from `sdX` to fill empty space until end of disk or beginning of next partition:,growpart {{/dev/sdX}} {{n}}
Show what modifications would be made when growing partition `n` in a disk image:,growpart --dry-run {{/path/to/disk.img}} {{n}}
Capture a video for a specific amount of seconds:,rpicam-raw {{[-t|--timeout]}} {{2000}} {{[-o|--output]}} {{path/to/file.raw}}
Change video dimensions and framerate:,rpicam-raw {{[-t|--timeout]}} {{5000}} --width {{4056}} --height {{3040}} {{[-o|--output]}} {{path/to/file.raw}} --framerate {{8}}
Display the status of tracing system:,trace-cmd stat
List available tracers:,trace-cmd list -t
Start tracing with a specific plugin:,trace-cmd start -p {{timerlat|osnoise|hwlat|blk|mmiotrace|function_graph|wakeup_dl|wakeup_rt|wakeup|function|nop}}
View the trace output:,trace-cmd show
Stop the tracing but retain the buffers:,trace-cmd stop
Clear the trace buffers:,trace-cmd clear
Clear the trace buffers and stop tracing:,trace-cmd reset
Show filesystem usage (optionally run as root to show detailed information):,btrfs filesystem usage {{path/to/btrfs_mount}}
Show usage by individual devices:,sudo btrfs filesystem show {{path/to/btrfs_mount}}
Defragment a single file on a btrfs filesystem (avoid while a deduplication agent is running):,sudo btrfs filesystem defragment {{[-v|--verbose]}} {{path/to/file}}
Defragment a directory recursively (does not cross subvolume boundaries):,sudo btrfs filesystem defragment {{[-v|--verbose]}} -r {{path/to/directory}}
Force syncing unwritten data blocks to disk(s):,sudo btrfs filesystem sync {{path/to/btrfs_mount}}
Summarize disk usage for the files in a directory recursively:,sudo btrfs filesystem du {{[-s|--summarize]}} {{path/to/directory}}
Create a swap file:,sudo btrfs filesystem mkswapfile --size {{8g}} --uuid {{clear|random|time|UUID_value}} {{path/to/swapfile}}
Mark a package as implicitly installed:,sudo pacman -D --asdeps {{package}}
Mark a package as explicitly installed:,sudo pacman -D --asexplicit {{package}}
Chec[k] that all the package dependencies are installed:,pacman -Dk
Chec[k] the sync [D]atabase to ensure all specified dependencies of downloadable packages are available:,pacman -Dkk
Chec[k] and display in [q]uiet mode (only error messages are displayed):,pacman -Dkq
Display [h]elp:,pacman -Dh
"Generate an analyzer from a Lex file, storing it to the file `lex.yy.c`:",flex {{analyzer.l}}
Write analyzer to `stdout`:,flex {{[-t|--stdout]}} {{analyzer.l}}
Specify the output file:,flex {{analyzer.l}} {{[-o|--outfile]}} {{analyzer.c}}
Generate a batch scanner instead of an interactive scanner:,flex {{[-B|--batch]}} {{analyzer.l}}
Compile a C file generated by Lex:,cc {{path/to/lex.yy.c}} -o {{executable}}
Screenshot all outputs:,grim
Screenshot a specific output:,grim -o {{path/to/output_file}}
Screenshot a specific region:,"grim -g ""{{x_position}},{{y_position}} {{width}}x{{height}}"""
"Select a specific region and screenshot it, (using slurp):","grim -g ""{{$(slurp)}}"""
Use a custom filename:,"grim ""{{path/to/file.png}}"""
Screenshot and copy to clipboard:,grim - | {{clipboard_manager}}
Update the package database:,sudo pacman -Fy
Find the package that owns a specific [F]ile:,pacman -F {{filename}}
"Find the package that owns a specific [F]ile, using a regular e[x]pression:",pacman -Fx '{{regular_expression}}'
List only the package names:,pacman -Fq {{filename}}
[l]ist the [F]iles owned by a specific package:,pacman -Fl {{package}}
Display [h]elp:,pacman -Fh
Ignore updates for a specific flatpak:,flatpak mask {{com.example.app}}
Undo ignore updates:,flatpak mask --remove {{com.example.app}}
List all currently masked patterns:,flatpak mask {{--system|--user}}
Emulate 20 requests based on a given URL list file per second for 60 seconds:,http_load -rate {{20}} -seconds {{60}} {{path/to/urls.txt}}
Emulate 5 concurrent requests based on a given URL list file for 60 seconds:,http_load -parallel {{5}} -seconds {{60}} {{path/to/urls.txt}}
"Emulate 1000 requests at 20 requests per second, based on a given URL list file:",http_load -rate {{20}} -fetches {{1000}} {{path/to/urls.txt}}
"Emulate 1000 requests at 5 concurrent requests at a time, based on a given URL list file:",http_load -parallel {{5}} -fetches {{1000}} {{path/to/urls.txt}}
Move specific files to the trash bin:,gio trash {{path/to/file_or_directory1 path/to/file_or_directory2 ...}}
List trash bin items:,gio trash --list
Restore a specific item from trash using its ID:,gio trash trash://{{id}}
Compute and display the WPA-PSK key for a given SSID reading the passphrase from `stdin`:,wpa_passphrase {{SSID}}
Compute and display WPA-PSK key for a given SSID specifying the passphrase as an argument:,wpa_passphrase {{SSID}} {{passphrase}}
Set a specific login shell for the current user interactively:,chsh
List available shells:,chsh {{[-l|--list-shells]}}
Set a specific login shell for the current user:,chsh {{[-s|--shell]}} {{path/to/shell}}
Set a login shell for a specific user:,sudo chsh {{[-s|--shell]}} {{path/to/shell}} {{username}}
Search for a package:,snap find {{query}}
Install a package:,snap install {{package}}
Update a package:,snap refresh {{package}}
"Update a package to another channel (track, risk, or branch):",snap refresh {{package}} --channel={{channel}}
Update all packages:,snap refresh
Display basic information about installed snap software:,snap list
Uninstall a package:,snap remove {{package}}
Check for recent snap changes in the system:,snap changes
Start `hardinfo`:,hardinfo
Print report to `stdout`:,hardinfo {{[-r|--generate-report]}}
Save report to HTML file:,hardinfo {{[-r|--generate-report]}} {{[-f|--report-format]}} html > hardinfo.html
View SteamOS system information:,sudo steamos-dump-info
View documentation for the original command:,tldr chromium
"Watch a specific file for events, exiting after the first one:",inotifywait {{path/to/file}}
Continuously watch a specific file for events without exiting:,inotifywait --monitor {{path/to/file}}
Watch a directory recursively for events:,inotifywait --monitor --recursive {{path/to/directory}}
"Watch a directory for changes, excluding files, whose names match a regular expression:","inotifywait --monitor --recursive --exclude ""{{regular_expression}}"" {{path/to/directory}}"
"Watch a file for changes, exiting when no event occurs for 30 seconds:",inotifywait --monitor --timeout {{30}} {{path/to/file}}
Only watch a file for file modification events:,inotifywait --event {{modify}} {{path/to/file}}
"Watch a file printing only events, and no status messages:",inotifywait --quiet {{path/to/file}}
Run a command when a file is accessed:,inotifywait --event {{access}} {{path/to/file}} && {{command}}
Display the current configuration (or dry run):,authconfig --test
Configure the server to use a different password hashing algorithm:,authconfig --update --passalgo={{algorithm}}
Enable LDAP authentication:,authconfig --update --enableldapauth
Disable LDAP authentication:,authconfig --update --disableldapauth
Enable Network Information Service (NIS):,authconfig --update --enablenis
Enable Kerberos:,authconfig --update --enablekrb5
Enable Winbind (Active Directory) authentication:,authconfig --update --enablewinbindauth
Enable local authorization:,authconfig --update --enablelocauthorize
Set display brightness to 50%:,blight set {{50}} {{[-r|--relative]}}
Show current display brightness:,blight show
Print maximum display brightness:,blight max
Increase display brightness in %:,blight inc {{number}} {{[-r|--relative]}}
Decrease display brightness with internal units:,blight dec {{number}}
Start the ydotool daemon in the background:,ydotoold
Perform a `<LeftClick>` input:,ydotool click 0xC0
Perform a `<RightClick>` input:,ydotool click 0xC1
Input `<Alt F4>`:,ydotool key 56:1 62:1 62:0 56:0
Check if a directory is a mountpoint:,mountpoint {{path/to/directory}}
Check if a directory is a mountpoint without showing any output:,mountpoint {{[-q|--quiet]}} {{path/to/directory}}
Show major/minor numbers of a mountpoint's filesystem:,mountpoint {{[-d|--fs-devno]}} {{path/to/directory}}
List all active inhibition locks and the reasons for their creation:,systemd-inhibit --list
Block system shutdown for a specified number of seconds with the `sleep` command:,systemd-inhibit --what shutdown sleep {{5}}
Keep the system from sleeping or idling until the download is complete:,systemd-inhibit --what sleep:idle wget {{https://example.com/file}}
Ignore lid close switch until the script exits:,systemd-inhibit --what sleep:handle-lid-switch {{path/to/script}}
Ignore power button press while command is running:,systemd-inhibit --what handle-power-key {{command}}
Describe who and why created the inhibitor (default: the command and its arguments for `--who` and `Unknown reason` for `--why`):,systemd-inhibit --who {{$USER}} --why {{reason}} --what {{operation}} {{command}}
Change XDG's DESKTOP directory to the specified directory (must be absolute):,"xdg-user-dirs-update --set DESKTOP ""{{path/to/directory}}"""
Write the result to the specified dry-run-file instead of the `user-dirs.dirs` file:,"xdg-user-dirs-update --dummy-output ""{{path/to/dry_run_file}}"" --set {{xdg_user_directory}} ""{{path/to/directory}}"""
Get the current backlight value in percent:,light
Set the backlight value to 50 percent:,light -S {{50}}
Reduce 20 percent from the current backlight value:,light -U {{20}}
Add 20 percent to the current backlight value:,light -A {{20}}
Lock every console (require current user or root to unlock):,physlock
Mute kernel messages on console while locked:,physlock -m
Disable SysRq mechanism while locked:,physlock -s
Display a message before the password prompt:,"physlock -p ""{{Locked!}}"""
Fork and detach physlock (useful for suspend or hibernate scripts):,physlock -d
Open a serial port using the specified baud rate:,microcom {{[-p|--port]}} {{/dev/ttyXYZ}} {{[-s|--speed]}} {{baud_rate}}
Establish a telnet connection to the specified host:,microcom {{[-t|--telnet]}} {{hostname}}:{{port}}
Print all database names:,einfo -dbs
Print all information of the protein database in XML format:,einfo -db {{protein}}
Print all fields of the nuccore database:,einfo -db {{nuccore}} -fields
Print all links of the protein database:,einfo -db {{protein}} -links
List all containers:,pct list
Start/Stop/Reboot a specific container:,pct {{start|stop|reboot}} {{100}}
Access a specific container's shell:,pct enter {{100}}
Create a container from template:,pct create {{100}} {{/var/lib/vz/template/cache/distro-name.tar.zst}} -hostname {{hostname}} -password {{password}} --rootfs {{local-lvm}} --on-boot
Resize the container's disk to 20G:,pct resize {{100}} {{rootfs|mpX}} {{20G}}
"Show the configuration of a container, specifying its ID:",pct config {{100}}
Snapshot a specific container with description:,pct snapshot {{100}} {{my-snapshot}} --description {{My snapshot description}}
Destroy a container and remove all related resources:,pct destroy {{100}} --purge
Run a .NET assembly in debug mode:,mono --debug {{path/to/program.exe}}
Run a .NET assembly:,mono {{path/to/program.exe}}
List available kernel symlink targets with their numbers:,eselect kernel list
Set the `/usr/src/linux` symlink by name or number from the `list` command:,eselect kernel set {{name|number}}
Show what the current kernel symlink points to:,eselect kernel show
Set the kernel symlink to the currently running kernel:,eselect kernel update
Put SELinux in enforcing mode:,setenforce {{1|Enforcing}}
Put SELiunx in permissive mode:,setenforce {{0|Permissive}}
Create a new empty subvolume:,sudo btrfs subvolume create {{path/to/new_subvolume}}
List all subvolumes and snapshots in the specified filesystem:,sudo btrfs subvolume list {{path/to/btrfs_filesystem}}
Delete a subvolume:,sudo btrfs subvolume delete {{path/to/subvolume}}
Create a read-only snapshot of an existing subvolume:,sudo btrfs subvolume snapshot -r {{path/to/source_subvolume}} {{path/to/target}}
Create a read-write snapshot of an existing subvolume:,sudo btrfs subvolume snapshot {{path/to/source_subvolume}} {{path/to/target}}
Show detailed information about a subvolume:,sudo btrfs subvolume show {{path/to/subvolume}}
Display a cursor to send a window to the system tray when pressing the left mouse button (press any other mouse button to cancel):,kdocker
Open an application and send it to the system tray:,kdocker {{application}}
Send focused window to the system tray:,kdocker -f
Display a cursor to send a window to the system tray with a custom icon when pressing the left mouse button:,kdocker -i {{/path/to/icon}}
"Open an application, send it to the system tray and if focus is lost, minimize it:",kdocker -l {{application}}
Display version:,kdocker --version
Show CPU frequency information for all CPUs:,cpufreq-info
Show CPU frequency information for the specified CPU:,cpufreq-info {{[-c|--cpu]}} {{cpu_number}}
Show the allowed minimum and maximum CPU frequency:,cpufreq-info {{[-l|--hwlimits]}}
Show the current minimum and maximum CPU frequency and policy in table format:,cpufreq-info {{[-o|--proc]}}
Show available CPU frequency policies:,cpufreq-info {{[-g|--governors]}}
"Show current CPU work frequency in a human-readable format, according to the cpufreq kernel module:",cpufreq-info {{[-f|--freq]}} {{[-m|--human]}}
"Show current CPU work frequency in a human-readable format, by reading it from hardware (only available to root):",sudo cpufreq-info {{[-w|--hwfreq]}} {{[-m|--human]}}
Submit a batch job:,sbatch {{path/to/job.sh}}
Submit a batch job with a custom name:,sbatch --job-name={{myjob}} {{path/to/job.sh}}
Submit a batch job with a time limit of 30 minutes:,sbatch --time={{00:30:00}} {{path/to/job.sh}}
Submit a job and request multiple nodes:,sbatch --nodes={{3}} {{path/to/job.sh}}
Add a new attachment to an existing PDF file:,pdfattach {{path/to/input.pdf}} {{path/to/file_to_attach}} {{path/to/output.pdf}}
Replace attachment with same name if it exists:,pdfattach -replace {{path/to/input.pdf}} {{path/to/file_to_attach}} {{path/to/output.pdf}}
Display help:,pdfattach {{[-h|--help]}}
Display version:,pdfattach -v
View documentation for the original command:,tldr trash
Scan directories to find and list packages with broken library links that need to be rebuilt:,lddd
"Synchronize list of packages and versions available. This should be run first, before running subsequent `aptitude` commands:",aptitude update
Install a new package and its dependencies:,aptitude install {{package}}
Search for a package:,aptitude search {{package}}
Search for an installed package (`?installed` is an `aptitude` search term):,aptitude search '?installed({{package}})'
Remove a package and all packages depending on it:,aptitude remove {{package}}
Upgrade installed packages to the newest available versions:,aptitude upgrade
Upgrade installed packages (like `aptitude upgrade`) including removing obsolete packages and installing additional packages to meet new package dependencies:,aptitude full-upgrade
Put an installed package on hold to prevent it from being automatically upgraded:,aptitude hold '?installed({{package}})'
Execute command on the host system from inside the Distrobox container:,"distrobox-host-exec ""{{command}}"""
Execute the `ls` command on the host system from inside the container:,distrobox-host-exec ls
"Start the interactive mode, in this mode you can enter the commands directly, with autocompletion:",iwctl
Call general help:,iwctl {{[-h|--help]}}
Display your Wi-Fi stations:,iwctl station list
Start looking for networks with a station:,iwctl station {{station}} scan
Display the networks found by a station:,iwctl station {{station}} get-networks
"Connect to a network with a station, if credentials are needed they will be asked:",iwctl station {{station}} connect {{network_name}}
Run the initial setup:,znc {{[-c|--makeconf]}}
Start the IRC bouncer daemon:,znc
Setup `znc` for systemd:,sudo {{[-u|--user]}} znc znc {{[-c|--makeconf]}} {{[-d|--datadir]}} /var/lib/znc
Enable `znc` to start on boot and start it now:,systemctl enable znc --now
Print the time and memory usage of a command:,runlim {{command}} {{command_arguments}}
Log statistics to a file instead of `stdout`:,runlim --output-file={{path/to/file}} {{command}} {{command_arguments}}
Limit time to an upper bound (in seconds):,runlim --time-limit={{number}} {{command}} {{command_arguments}}
Limit real-time to an upper bound (in seconds):,runlim --real-time-limit={{number}} {{command}} {{command_arguments}}
Limit space to an upper bound (in MB):,runlim --space-limit={{number}} {{command}} {{command_arguments}}
Suspend PulseAudio while running `jackd`:,pasuspender -- {{jackd {{[-d|--driver]}} alsa {{[-d|--device]}} hw:0}}
Prevent desktop from sleeping (use `<Ctrl c>` to exit):,caffeinate
List all snapshots of a specific virtual machine:,qm listsnapshot {{vm_id}}
Replay a typescript at the speed it was recorded:,scriptreplay {{path/to/timing_file}} {{path/to/typescript}}
Replay a typescript at double the original speed:,scriptreplay {{path/to/timingfile}} {{path/to/typescript}} 2
Replay a typescript at half the original speed:,scriptreplay {{path/to/timingfile}} {{path/to/typescript}} 0.5
Create a Minix filesystem inside partition Y on device X:,mkfs.minix {{/dev/sdXY}}
Set the filesystem to be mutable:,sudo steamos-readonly disable
Set the filesystem to be read only:,sudo steamos-readonly enable
Release a build artifact:,pkgctl release --repo {{repository}} --message {{commit_message}}
List available drivers for the current hardware:,sudo ubuntu-drivers list
Install drivers for detected hardware:,sudo ubuntu-drivers install
Display help:,ubuntu-drivers
Monitor all device events:,sudo udevadm monitor
Print `uevents` sent out by the kernel:,sudo udevadm monitor --kernel
Print device events after being processed by `udev`:,sudo udevadm monitor --udev
List attributes of device `/dev/sda`:,sudo udevadm info --attribute-walk {{/dev/sda}}
Reload all `udev` rules:,sudo udevadm control --reload
Trigger all `udev` rules to run:,sudo udevadm trigger
Test an event run by simulating loading of `/dev/sda`:,sudo udevadm test {{/dev/sda}}
Create a self-extracting binary file of a Zip archive:,cat unzipsfx {{path/to/archive.zip}} > {{filename}} && chmod 755 {{filename}}
Extract a self-extracting binary in the current directory:,{{./path/to/binary)}}
Test a self-extracting binary for errors:,{{./path/to/binary)}} -t
Print content of a file in the self-extracting binary without extraction:,{{./path/to/binary)}} -c {{path/to/filename}}
Print comments on Zip archive in the self-extracting binary:,{{./path/to/binary)}} -z
Encrypt a file and set a specific name:,systemd-creds encrypt --name {{name}} {{path/to/input_file}} {{path/to/output}}
Decrypt the file again:,systemd-creds decrypt {{path/to/input_file}} {{path/to/output_file}}
Encrypt text from `stdin`:,echo -n {{text}} | systemd-creds encrypt --name {{name}} - {{path/to/output}}
Encrypt the text and append it to the service file (the credentials will be available in `$CREDENTIALS_DIRECTORY`):,echo -n {{text}} | systemd-creds encrypt --name {{name}} --pretty - - >> {{service}}
Create a credential that is only valid until the given timestamp:,"systemd-creds encrypt --not-after ""{{timestamp}}"" {{path/to/input_file}} {{path/to/output_file}}"
Launch finch:,finch
Quit:,{{<Alt q>|<Ctrl c>}}
Show actions menu:,<Alt a>
Jump to n-th window:,<Alt {{Number}}>
Close current window:,<Alt c>
"Start moving a window, use `<ArrowKeys>` to move, press `<Esc>` when done:",<Alt m>
"Start resizing a window, use `<ArrowKeys>` to resize, press `<Esc>` when done:",<Alt r>
Add a default route using gateway forwarding:,sudo ip {{[r|route]}} {{[a|add]}} default via {{gateway_ip}}
Add a default route using `eth0`:,sudo ip {{[r|route]}} {{[a|add]}} default dev {{eth0}}
Add a static route:,sudo ip {{[r|route]}} {{[a|add]}} {{destination_ip}} via {{gateway_ip}} dev {{eth0}}
Add a route to a specific routing table:,sudo ip {{[r|route]}} {{[a|add]}} {{destination_ip}} dev {{eth0}} {{[t|table]}} {{ip}}
"Compress a file with LZMA - slow compression, fast decompression:",lrzip {{path/to/file}}
Compress a file with BZIP2 - good middle ground for compression/speed:,lrzip -b {{path/to/file}}
"Compress with ZPAQ - extreme compression, but very slow:",lrzip -z {{path/to/file}}
"Compress with LZO - light compression, extremely fast decompression:",lrzip -l {{path/to/file}}
Compress a file and password protect/encrypt it:,lrzip -e {{path/to/file}}
Override the number of processor threads to use:,lrzip -p {{8}} {{path/to/file}}
Start an interactive view:,systemd-cgtop
Change the sort order:,systemd-cgtop {{[-i|--order]}} {{cpu|memory|path|tasks|io}}
Show the CPU usage by time instead of percentage:,systemd-cgtop --cpu percentage
"Change the update interval in seconds (or one of these time units: `ms`, `us`, `min`):",systemd-cgtop {{[-d|--delay]}} {{interval}}
Only count userspace processes (without kernel threads):,systemd-cgtop -P
Create a virtual machine:,qm create {{100}}
Automatically start the machine after creation:,qm create {{100}} --start 1
Specify the type of operating system on the machine:,qm create {{100}} --ostype {{win10}}
Replace an existing machine (requires archiving it):,qm create {{100}} --archive {{path/to/backup_file.tar}} --force 1
Specify a script that is executed automatically depending on the state of the virtual machine:,qm create {{100}} --hookscript {{path/to/script.pl}}
Start QJoyPad:,qjoypad
Start QJoyPad and look for devices in a specific directory:,qjoypad --device={{path/to/directory}}
Start QJoyPad but don't show a system tray icon:,qjoypad --notray
Start QJoyPad and force the window manager to use a system tray icon:,qjoypad --force-tray
Force a running instance of QJoyPad to update its list of devices and layouts:,qjoypad --update
"Load the given layout in an already running instance of QJoyPad, or start QJoyPad using the given layout:","qjoypad ""{{layout}}"""
Migrate a specific virtual machine:,qm migrate {{vm_id}} {{target}}
Override the current I/O bandwidth limit with 10 KiB/s:,qm migrate {{vm_id}} {{target}} --bwlimit 10
Allow migration of virtual machines using local devices (root only):,qm migrate {{vm_id}} {{target}} --force true
Use online/live migration if a virtual machine is running:,qm migrate {{vm_id}} {{target}} --online true
Enable live storage migration for local disks:,qm migrate {{vm_id}} {{target}} --with-local-disks true
Show the parameters and statistics of all the interfaces:,iwconfig
Show the parameters and statistics of the specified interface:,iwconfig {{interface}}
Set the ESSID (network name) of the specified interface (e.g. eth0 or wlp2s0):,iwconfig {{interface}} {{new_network_name}}
Set the operating mode of the specified interface:,iwconfig {{interface}} mode {{Ad-Hoc|Managed|Master|Repeater|Secondary|Monitor|Auto}}
Attach to a container:,sudo lxc-attach {{container_name}}
Display help:,lxc-attach {{[-?|--help]}}
Send a message:,wall {{message}}
Send a message to users that belong to a specific group:,wall {{[-g|--group]}} {{group_name}} {{message}}
Send a message from a file:,wall {{file}}
Send a message with timeout (default 300):,wall {{[-t|--timeout]}} {{seconds}} {{file}}
Install a package from the repository or from a local RPM file:,sudo urpmi {{package|path/to/file.rpm}}
Download a package without installing it:,urpmi --no-install {{package}}
Update all installed packages (run `urpmi.update -a` to get the available updates):,sudo urpmi --auto-select
Update a package of one or more machines on the network according to `/etc/urpmi/parallel.cfg`:,sudo urpmi --parallel local {{package}}
Mark all orphaned packages as manually installed:,sudo urpmi $(urpmq --auto-orphans -f)
Print route to a destination:,ip {{[r|route]}} {{[g|get]}} {{1.1.1.1}}
Print route to a destination from a specific source address:,ip {{[r|route]}} {{[g|get]}} {{destination}} from {{source}}
Print route to a destination for packets arriving on a specific interface:,ip {{[r|route]}} {{[g|get]}} {{destination}} iif {{eth0}}
"Print route to a destination, forcing output through a specific interface:",ip {{[r|route]}} {{[g|get]}} {{destination}} oif {{eth1}}
Print route to a destination with a specified Type of Service (ToS):,ip {{[r|route]}} {{[g|get]}} {{destination}} tos {{0x10}}
Print route to a destination using a specific VRF (Virtual Routing and Forwarding) instance:,ip {{[r|route]}} {{[g|get]}} {{destination}} vrf {{myvrf}}
Run a builtin command:,darling shell {{uname}}
Run a specific program in the current path with arguments:,darling shell {{./program}} {{program_argument_1 program_argument_2 ...}}
Open a macOS shell:,darling shell
Shutdown the service:,darling shutdown
Create an ISO from a directory:,mkisofs -o {{filename.iso}} {{path/to/source_directory}}
Set the disc label when creating an ISO:,"mkisofs -o {{filename.iso}} -V ""{{label_name}}"" {{path/to/source_directory}}"
Match the sender address using a case-insensitive search:,exiqgrep -f '<{{email@example.com}}>'
Match the sender address and display message IDs only:,exiqgrep -i -f '<{{email@example.com}}>'
Match the recipient address:,exiqgrep -r '{{email@example.com}}'
Remove all messages matching the sender address from the queue:,exiqgrep -i -f '<{{email@example.com}}>' | xargs exim -Mrm
Test for bounced messages:,exiqgrep -f '^<>$'
Display the count of bounced messages:,exiqgrep -c -f '^<>$'
List [a]ll configuration values available:,getconf -a
List the configuration values for a specific directory:,getconf -a {{path/to/directory}}
Check if the system is 32-bit or 64-bit:,getconf LONG_BIT
Check how many processes the current user can run at once:,getconf CHILD_MAX
List every configuration value and then find patterns with the `grep` command (i.e every value with MAX in it):,getconf -a | grep MAX
Create a fullscreen screenshot:,mate-screenshot
Create an active window screenshot:,mate-screenshot --window
Create a specific area screenshot:,mate-screenshot --area
Create a screenshot interactively:,mate-screenshot --interactive
Create a screenshot without borders:,mate-screenshot --window --remove-border
Create a screenshot with a specific effect:,mate-screenshot --effect={{shadow|border|none}}
Create a screenshot with a specific delay in seconds:,mate-screenshot --delay={{5}}
Display information about all volume groups:,sudo vgdisplay
Display information about volume group vg1:,sudo vgdisplay {{vg1}}
Display help:,kwriteconfig5 --help
Set a global configuration key:,kwriteconfig5 --group {{group_name}} --key {{key}} {{value}}
Set a key in a specific configuration file:,kwriteconfig5 --file {{path/to/file}} --group {{group_name}} --key {{key}} {{value}}
Delete a key:,kwriteconfig5 --group {{group_name}} --key {{key}} --delete
Use systemd to start the Plasma session when available:,kwriteconfig5 --file {{startkderc}} --group {{General}} --key {{systemdBoot}} {{true}}
Hide the title bar when a window is maximized (like Ubuntu):,kwriteconfig5 --file {{~/.config/kwinrc}} --group {{Windows}} --key {{BorderlessMaximizedWindows}} {{true}}
Configure KRunner to open with the Meta (Command/Windows) global hotkey:,"kwriteconfig5 --file {{~/.config/kwinrc}} --group {{ModifierOnlyShortcuts}} --key {{Meta}} ""{{org.kde.kglobalaccel,/component/krunner_desktop,org.kde.kglobalaccel.Component,invokeShortcut,_launch}}"""
Open a new terminal window:,xfce4-terminal
Set the initial title:,"xfce4-terminal --initial-title ""{{initial_title}}"""
Open a new tab in the current terminal window:,xfce4-terminal --tab
Execute a command in a new terminal window:,"xfce4-terminal --command ""{{command_with_args}}"""
Keep the terminal around after the executed command finishes executing:,"xfce4-terminal --command ""{{command_with_args}}"" --hold"
"Open multiple new tabs, executing a command in each:","xfce4-terminal --tab --command ""{{command1}}"" --tab --command ""{{command2}}"""
Build a Flatpak and export it to a new repository:,flatpak-builder {{path/to/build_directory}} {{path/to/manifest}}
Build a Flatpak and export it to the specified repository:,flatpak-builder --repo {{repository_name}} {{path/to/build_directory}} {{path/to/manifest}}
Build a Flatpak and install it locally:,flatpak-builder --install {{path/to/build_directory}} {{path/to/manifest}}
Build and sign a Flatpak and export it to the specified repository:,flatpak-builder --gpg-sign {{key_id}} --repo {{repository_name}} {{path/to/manifest}}
Run a shell inside of an application sandbox without installing it:,flatpak-builder --run {{path/to/build_directory}} {{path/to/manifest}} {{sh}}
Search for a package:,paxs {{search_term}}
Upgrade all packages:,paxs {{[-u|--upgrade-all]}}
Install a package (prompting for the source):,paxs {{[-i|--install]}} {{package}}
Remove a package (prompting for the source):,paxs {{[-r|--remove]}} {{package}}
Check for updates across all package managers:,paxs {{[-c|--check-update]}}
Display help:,paxs {{[-h|--help]}}
List currently loaded kernel modules:,kmod list
Display the static device nodes information provided by the modules of the currently running kernel:,kmod static-nodes
Display books:,kjv -l
Open a specific book:,kjv {{Genesis}}
Open a specific chapter of a book:,kjv {{Genesis}} {{2}}
Open a specific verse of a specific chapter of a book:,kjv {{John}} {{3}}:{{16}}
Open a specific range of verses of a book's chapter:,kjv {{Proverbs}} {{3}}:{{1-6}}
Display a specific range of verses of a book from different chapters:,kjv {{Matthew}} {{1}}:{{7}}-{{2}}:{{6}}
Display all verses that match a pattern:,kjv /{{Plagues}}
Display all verses that match a pattern in a specific book:,kjv {{1Jn}}/{{antichrist}}
Print memory usage for current processes:,smem
Print memory usage for current processes for a every user on a system:,smem --users
Print memory usage for current processes for a specified user:,smem --userfilter {{username}}
Print system memory information:,smem --system
Start `nmon`:,nmon
"Save records to file (""-s 300 -c 288"" by default):",nmon -f
"Save records to file with a total of 240 measurements, by taking 30 seconds between each measurement:",nmon -f -s {{30}} -c {{240}}
Run a command as a daemon:,daemonize {{command}} {{command_arguments}}
Write the PID to the specified file:,daemonize -p {{path/to/pidfile}} {{command}} {{command_arguments}}
Use a lock file to ensure that only one instance runs at a time:,daemonize -l {{path/to/lockfile}} {{command}} {{command_arguments}}
Use the specified user account:,sudo daemonize -u {{user}} {{command}} {{command_arguments}}
"Display a small preview window of a pixel's color with it's hexadecimal value, and copy this value to the clipboard:",farge
Copy a pixel's hexadecimal value to the clipboard without displaying a preview window:,farge --no-preview
"Output a pixel's hexadecimal value to `stdout`, and copy this value to the clipboard:",farge --stdout
"Output a pixel's RGB value to `stdout`, and copy this value to the clipboard:",farge --rgb --stdout
"Display a pixel's hexadecimal value as a notification which expires in 5000 milliseconds, and copy this value to the clipboard:",farge --notify --expire-time 5000
Download a binary package:,dget {{package}}
Download and extract a package source from its `.dsc` file:,dget {{http://deb.debian.org/debian/pool/main/h/haskell-tldr/haskell-tldr_0.4.0-2.dsc}}
Download a package source tarball from its `.dsc` file but don't extract it:,dget {{[-d|--download-only]}} {{http://deb.debian.org/debian/pool/main/h/haskell-tldr/haskell-tldr_0.4.0-2.dsc}}
Copy the output from a command to the X11 primary selection area (clipboard):,echo 123 | xclip
Copy the output from a command to a given X11 selection area:,echo 123 | xclip {{[-se|-selection]}} {{primary|secondary|clipboard}}
"Copy the output from a command to the system clipboard, using short notation:",echo 123 | xclip {{[-se|-selection]}} {{[c|clipboard]}}
Copy the contents of a file into the system clipboard:,xclip {{[-se|-selection]}} {{[c|clipboard]}} {{input_file.txt}}
Copy the contents of a PNG into the system clipboard (can be pasted in other programs correctly):,xclip {{[-se|-selection]}} {{[c|clipboard]}} {{[-t|-target]}} image/png {{input_file.png}}
Copy the user input in the console into the system clipboard:,xclip {{[-i|-in]}}
Paste the contents of the X11 primary selection area to the console:,xclip {{[-o|-out]}}
Paste the contents of the system clipboard to the console:,xclip {{[-o|-out]}} {{[-se|-selection]}} {{[c|clipboard]}}
Print the package names of the dependencies that are not installed:,pacman -T {{package1 package2 ...}}
Check if the installed package satisfies the given minimum version:,"pacman -T ""{{bash>=5}}"""
Check if a later version of a package is installed:,"pacman -T ""{{bash>5}}"""
Display [h]elp:,pacman -Th
Build a Linux ext2 filesystem on a partition:,mkfs {{/dev/sdXY}}
Build a filesystem of a specified type:,mkfs {{[-t|--type]}} {{ext4}} {{/dev/sdXY}}
Build a filesystem of a specified type and check for bad blocks:,mkfs -c {{[-t|--type]}} {{ntfs}} {{/dev/sdXY}}
Interactively install drivers for your device:,ikaros install {{device}}
Automatically install the recommended drivers for your device:,ikaros auto-install {{device}}
List devices:,ikaros list-devices
Generate a `Makefile` from a project file in the current directory:,qmake
Specify `Makefile` and project file locations:,qmake -o {{path/to/Makefile}} {{path/to/project_file.pro}}
Generate a default project file:,qmake -project
Compile a project:,qmake && make
Enable debug mode:,qmake -d
Display help:,qmake -help
List the names of installed packages:,synopkg list --name
List packages which depend on a specific package:,synopkg list --depend-on {{package}}
Start/Stop a package:,sudo synopkg {{start|stop}} {{package}}
Print the status of a package:,synopkg status {{package}}
Uninstall a package:,sudo synopkg uninstall {{package}}
Check if updates are available for a package:,synopkg checkupdate {{package}}
Upgrade all packages to the latest version:,sudo synopkg upgradeall
Install a package from a synopkg file:,sudo synopkg install {{path/to/package.spk}}
Start interactive mode with the specified disk selected:,sudo parted {{/dev/sdX}}
Show partition information in interactive mode:,print
Select a disk in interactive mode:,select {{/dev/sdX}}
Create a 16 GB partition with the specified filesystem in interactive mode:,mkpart {{primary|logical|extended}} {{btrfs|ext2|ext3|ext4|fat16|fat32|hfs|hfs+|linux-swap|ntfs|reiserfs|udf|xfs}} {{0%}} {{16G}}
Resize a partition in interactive mode:,resizepart {{/dev/sdXN}} {{end_position_of_partition}}
Remove a partition in interactive mode:,rm {{/dev/sdXN}}
Display help:,?
List login failures of the current user:,faillock
Reset the failure records of the current user:,faillock --reset
List login failures of all users:,sudo faillock
List login failures of the specified user:,sudo faillock --user {{user}}
Reset the failure records of the specified user:,sudo faillock --user {{user}} --reset
Create a squashfs filesystem (compressed using `gzip` by default) from an uncompressed tar archive:,sqfstar {{filesystem.squashfs}} < {{archive.tar}}
"Create a squashfs filesystem from a tar archive compressed with `gzip`, and [comp]ress the filesystem using a specific algorithm:",zcat {{archive.tar.gz}} | sqfstar -comp {{gzip|lzo|lz4|xz|zstd|lzma}} {{filesystem.squashfs}}
"Create a squashfs filesystem from a tar archive compressed with `xz`, excluding some of the files:",xzcat {{archive.tar.xz}} | sqfstar {{filesystem.squashfs}} {{file1 file2 ...}}
"Create a squashfs filesystem from a tar archive compressed with `zstd`, excluding files ending with `.gz`:","zstdcat {{archive.tar.zst}} | sqfstar {{filesystem.squashfs}} ""{{*.gz}}"""
"Create a squashfs filesystem from a tar archive compressed with `lz4`, excluding files matching a regular expression:","lz4cat {{archive.tar.lz4}} | sqfstar {{filesystem.squashfs}} -regex ""{{regular_expression}}"""
Format and add a new device to an existing filesystem.:,sudo bcachefs device add --label={{group}}.{{name}} {{path/to/mountpoint}} {{path/to/device}}
Migrate data off a device to prepare for removal:,bcachefs device evacuate {{path/to/device}}
Permanently remove a device from a filesystem:,bcachefs device remove {{path/to/device}}
Return the current VMware software version (exit status determines whether the system is a VM or not):,vmware-checkvm
Return the VMware hardware version:,vmware-checkvm -h
Generate an initramfs image for the current kernel without overriding any options:,dracut
Generate an initramfs image for the current kernel and overwrite the existing one:,dracut --force
Generate an initramfs image for a specific kernel:,dracut --kver {{kernel_version}}
List available modules:,dracut --list-modules
"Perform calculations according to an input file (`.mop`, `.dat`, and `.arc`):",mopac {{path/to/input_file}}
Minimal working example with HF that writes to the current directory and streams the output file:,"touch test.out; echo ""PM7\n#comment\n\nH 0.95506 0.05781 -0.03133\nF 1.89426 0.05781 -0.03133"" > test.mop; mopac test.mop & tail {{[-f|--follow]}} test.out"
Create an EROFS filesystem based on the root directory:,mkfs.erofs image.erofs root/
Create an EROFS image with a specific UUID:,mkfs.erofs -U {{UUID}} image.erofs root/
Create a compressed EROFS image:,mkfs.erofs -zlz4hc image.erofs root/
Create an EROFS image where all files are owned by root:,mkfs.erofs --all-root image.erofs root/
Generate the `/etc/fstab` file using volume UUIDs during an Arch Linux installation (requires root permissions):,genfstab -U {{/mnt}} >> {{/mnt/etc/fstab}}
Display fstab-compatible output based on volume labels:,genfstab -L {{path/to/mount_point}}
Display fstab-compatible output based on volume UUIDs:,genfstab -U {{path/to/mount_point}}
Display fstab-compatible output based on the specified identifier:,genfstab -t {{LABEL|UUID|PARTLABEL|PARTUUID}}
Append a volume into the `/etc/fstab` file to mount it automatically:,genfstab -U {{path/to/mount_point}} | sudo tee -a /etc/fstab
Send a file to the trash:,trash {{path/to/file}}
List all files in the trash:,trash-list
Interactively restore a file from the trash:,trash-restore
Empty the trash:,trash-empty
Permanently delete all files in the trash which are older than 10 days:,trash-empty 10
"Remove all files in the trash, which match a specific blob pattern:","trash-rm ""{{*.o}}"""
Remove all files with a specific original location:,trash-rm {{/path/to/file_or_directory}}
Rename files using a Perl Common Regular Expression (substitute 'foo' with 'bar' wherever found):,rename {{'s/foo/bar/'}} {{*}}
Dry-run - display which renames would occur without performing them:,rename {{[-n|--no-act]}} {{'s/foo/bar/'}} {{*}}
Force renaming even if the operation would remove existing destination files:,rename -f {{'s/foo/bar/'}} {{*}}
"Convert filenames to lower case (use `-f` in case-insensitive filesystems to prevent ""already exists"" errors):",rename 'y/A-Z/a-z/' {{*}}
Replace whitespace with underscores:,rename 's/\s+/_/g' {{*}}
Show a service's status:,rc-service {{service_name}} status
Start a service:,sudo rc-service {{service_name}} start
Stop a service:,sudo rc-service {{service_name}} stop
Restart a service:,sudo rc-service {{service_name}} restart
Simulate running a service's custom command:,sudo rc-service {{[-Z|--dry-run]}} {{service_name}} {{command_name}}
Actually run a service's custom command:,sudo rc-service {{service_name}} {{command_name}}
Resolve the location of a service definition on disk:,sudo rc-service {{[-r|--resolve]}} {{service_name}}
Initialize a LUKS volume with a passphrase:,cryptsetup luksFormat {{/dev/sdXY}}
Initialize a LUKS volume with a keyfile:,cryptsetup luksFormat {{/dev/sdXY}} {{path/to/keyfile}}
Initialize a LUKS volume with a passphrase and set its label:,cryptsetup luksFormat --label {{label}} {{/dev/sdXY}}
Update to the latest version:,sudo swupd update
"Show current version, and check whether a newer one exists:",swupd check-update
List installed bundles:,swupd bundle-list
Locate the bundle where a wanted package exists:,swupd search -b {{package}}
Install a new bundle:,sudo swupd bundle-add {{bundle}}
Remove a bundle:,sudo swupd bundle-remove {{bundle}}
Correct broken or missing files:,sudo swupd verify
List the dependencies of a package:,expac {{[-S|--sync]}} '%D' {{package}}
List the optional dependencies of a package:,"expac {{[-S|--sync]}} ""%o"" {{package}}"
List the download size of packages in MiB:,expac {{[-S|--sync]}} {{[-H|--humansize]}} M '%k\t%n' {{package1 package2 ...}}
List packages marked for upgrade with their download size:,expac {{[-S|--sync]}} {{[-H|--humansize]}} M '%k\t%n' $(pacman -Qqu) | sort {{[-sh|--sort --human-numeric-sort]}}
List explicitly-installed packages with their optional dependencies:,expac {{[-d|--delim]}} '\n\n' {{[-l|listdelim]}} '\n\t' {{[-Q|--query]}} '%n\n\t%O' $(pacman -Qeq)
Log a message to syslog:,logger {{message}}
Take input from `stdin` and log to syslog:,echo {{log_entry}} | logger
Send the output to a remote syslog server running at a given port. Default port is 514:,echo {{log_entry}} | logger {{[-n|--server]}} {{hostname}} {{[-P|--port]}} {{port}}
Use a specific tag for every line logged. Default is the name of logged in user:,echo {{log_entry}} | logger {{[-t|--tag]}} {{tag}}
Log messages with a given priority. Default is `user.notice`. See `man logger` for all priority options:,echo {{log_entry}} | logger {{[-p|--priority]}} {{user.warning}}
Execute command with specified argument(s) and save its output to log file:,logsave {{path/to/logfile}} {{command}}
Take input from `stdin` and save it in a log file:,logsave {{logfile}} -
"Append the output to a log file, instead of replacing its current contents:",logsave -a {{logfile}} {{command}}
Show verbose output:,logsave -v {{logfile}} {{command}}
Connect to ProtonVPN interactively:,protonvpn {{[c|connect]}}
Connect to ProtonVPN using the fastest server available:,protonvpn {{[c|connect]}} {{[-f|--fastest]}}
Connect to ProtonVPN using a specific server with a specific protocol:,protonvpn {{[c|connect]}} {{server_name}} -p {{udp|tcp}}
Connect to ProtonVPN using a random server with a specific protocol:,protonvpn {{[c|connect]}} {{[-r|--random]}} -p {{udp|tcp}}
Connect to ProtonVPN using the fastest Tor-supporting server:,protonvpn {{[c|connect]}} --tor
Display help:,protonvpn {{[c|connect]}} --help
Generate the autocompletion script for your shell:,gcrane completion {{shell_name}}
Disable completion descriptions:,gcrane completion {{shell_name}} --no-descriptions
Load completions in your current shell session (bash/zsh):,source <(gcrane completion bash/zsh)
Load completions in your current shell session (fish):,gcrane completion fish | source
Load completions for every new session (bash):,gcrane completion bash > /etc/bash_completion.d/gcrane
Load completions for every new session (zsh):,"gcrane completion zsh > ""${fpath[1]}/_gcrane"""
Load completions for every new session (fish):,gcrane completion fish > ~/.config/fish/completions/gcrane.fish
Display help:,gcrane completion {{shell_name}} {{[-h|--help]}}
Continuously read barcodes and print them to `stdout`:,zbarcam
Disable output video window while scanning:,zbarcam --nodisplay
Print barcodes without type information:,zbarcam --raw
Define capture device:,zbarcam {{/dev/video_device}}
Print a specific key value:,dconf read {{/path/to/key}}
Print a specific key [d]efault value:,dconf read -d {{/path/to/key}}
Display a report of CPU and disk statistics since system startup:,iostat
Display a report of CPU and disk statistics with units converted to megabytes:,iostat -m
Display CPU statistics:,iostat -c
Display disk statistics with disk names (including LVM):,iostat -N
"Display extended disk statistics with disk names for device ""sda"":",iostat -xN {{sda}}
Display incremental reports of CPU and disk statistics every 2 seconds:,iostat {{2}}
List all currently loaded kernel modules:,lsmod
Disable interface eth0:,ifdown {{eth0}}
Disable all interfaces which are enabled:,ifdown {{[-a|--all]}}
Start the daemon:,eww daemon
Open a widget:,eww {{[-c|--config]}} {{path/to/source_code_directory}} open {{window_name}}
Close a widget:,eww {{[-c|--config]}} {{path/to/source_code_directory}} close {{window_name}}
Reload the configuration:,eww reload
Kill the daemon:,eww kill
Print and watch logs:,eww logs
Show all outputs and configuration files to attach to a bug report:,kscreen-console bug
Show paths to KScreen configuration files:,kscreen-console config
Show KScreen output information and configuration:,kscreen-console outputs
Monitor for changes:,kscreen-console monitor
Show the current KScreen configuration as JSON:,kscreen-console json
Display help:,kscreen-console {{[-h|--help]}}
Display help including Qt specific command-line options:,kscreen-console --help-all
Capture a screenshot of the whole screen and save it to the default directory:,i3-scrot
Capture a screenshot of the active window:,i3-scrot --window
Capture a screenshot of a specific rectangular selection:,i3-scrot --select
Capture a screenshot of the whole screen and copy it to the clipboard:,i3-scrot --desk-to-clipboard
Capture a screenshot of the active window and copy it to the clipboard:,i3-scrot --window-to-clipboard
Capture a screenshot of a specific selection and copy it to the clipboard:,i3-scrot --select-to-clipboard
Capture a screenshot of the active window after a delay of 5 seconds:,i3-scrot --window {{5}}
View documentation for the original command:,tldr avahi-resolve
Open a page:,cockpit-desktop {{url}} {{SSH_host}}
Open storage page:,cockpit-desktop {{/cockpit/@localhost/storage/index.html}}
"Display job ID, job name, partition, account, number of allocated cpus, job state, and job exit codes for recent jobs:",sacct
"Display job ID, job state, job exit code for recent jobs:",sacct {{[-b|--brief]}}
Display the allocations of a job:,sacct {{[-j|--jobs]}} {{job_id}} {{[-X|--allocations]}}
"Display elapsed time, job name, number of requested CPUs, and memory requested of a job:","sacct {{[-j|--jobs]}} {{job_id}} {{[-o|--format]}} Elapsed,JobName,ReqCPUS,ReqMem"
Display recent jobs that occurred from one week ago up to the present day:,"sacct {{[-S|--starttime]}} $(date {{[-d|--date]}} ""1 week ago"" +'%F')"
Output a larger number of characters for an attribute:,"sacct {{[-o|--format]}} JobID,JobName%100"
Display an interactive view of PipeWire nodes and devices:,pw-top
Monitor a remote instance:,pw-top {{[-r|--remote]}} {{remote_name}}
Print information periodically instead of running in interactive mode:,pw-top {{[-b|--batch-mode]}}
Print information periodically for a specific number of times:,pw-top {{[-b|--batch-mode]}} {{[-n|--iterations]}} {{3}}
Enable a module:,sudo a2enmod {{module}}
Don't show informative messages:,sudo a2enmod --quiet {{module}}
Power off ([h]alt) immediately:,shutdown -h now
Reboot immediately:,shutdown {{[-r|--reboot]}} now
Reboot in 5 minutes:,shutdown {{[-r|--reboot]}} +{{5}} &
Shutdown at 1:00 pm (Uses 24h clock):,shutdown -h 13:00
Cancel a pending shutdown/reboot operation:,shutdown -c
Start a REPL (interactive shell):,just
Run a JavaScript file:,just {{path/to/file.js}}
Evaluate JavaScript code by passing it as an argument:,"just eval ""{{code}}"""
Initialize a new project in a directory of the same name:,just init {{project_name}}
Build a JavaScript application into an executable:,just build {{path/to/file.js}} --static
Start in GUI mode:,dirbuster -u {{http://example.com}}
Start in headless (no GUI) mode:,dirbuster -H -u {{http://example.com}}
Set the file extension list:,"dirbuster -e {{txt,html}}"
Enable verbose output:,dirbuster -v
Set the report location:,dirbuster -r {{path/to/report.txt}}
Retrieve current status of the jail service:,fail2ban-client status {{jail}}
Remove the specified IP from the jail service's ban list:,fail2ban-client set {{jail}} unbanip {{ip}}
Verify fail2ban server is alive:,fail2ban-client ping
Display the routing policy:,ip {{[ru|rule]}}
Create a new generic routing rule with a higher priority than `main`:,sudo ip {{[ru|rule]}} {{[a|add]}} from all lookup {{100}}
Add a new rule based on packet source addresses:,sudo ip {{[ru|rule]}} {{[a|add]}} from {{192.168.178.2/32}}
Add a new rule based on packet destination addresses:,sudo ip {{[ru|rule]}} {{[a|add]}} to {{192.168.178.2/32}}
Delete a rule based on packet source addresses:,sudo ip {{[ru|rule]}} {{[d|delete]}} from {{192.168.178.2/32}}
Remove all routing rules:,sudo ip {{[ru|rule]}} {{[f|flush]}}
Save all rules to a file:,ip {{[ru|rule]}} {{[s|save]}} > {{path/to/ip_rules.dat}}
Restore all rules from a file:,sudo ip {{[ru|rule]}} {{[r|restore]}} < {{path/to/ip_rules.dat}}
Display the current label and UUID of a swap area:,swaplabel {{path/to/file}}
Set the label of a swap area:,swaplabel {{[-L|--label]}} {{new_label}} {{path/to/file}}
Set the UUID of a swap area (you can generate a UUID using `uuidgen`):,swaplabel {{[-U|--uuid]}} {{new_uuid}} {{path/to/file}}
List trusted keys:,apt-key list
Add a key to the trusted keystore:,apt-key add {{public_key_file.asc}}
Delete a key from the trusted keystore:,apt-key del {{key_id}}
Add a remote key to the trusted keystore:,wget {{[-qO|--quiet --output-document]}} - {{https://host.tld/filename.key}} | apt-key add -
Add a key from keyserver with only key ID:,apt-key adv --keyserver {{pgp.mit.edu}} --recv {{KEYID}}
Do a dry run and print the configuration to `stdout`:,sudo grub-mkconfig
Generate the configuration file:,sudo grub-mkconfig {{[-o|--output]}} {{/boot/grub/grub.cfg}}
Display help:,grub-mkconfig --help
Move a specific file to the trash:,trash {{path/to/file}}
Move specific files to the trash:,trash {{path/to/file1 path/to/file2 ...}}
List items in the trash:,trash list
Restore a specific file from the trash:,trash restore {{file}}
Remove a specific file from the trash:,trash empty {{file}}
Restore all files from the trash:,trash restore --all
Remove all files from the trash:,trash empty --all
"Set the default boot entry to an entry number, name or identifier:",sudo grub-set-default {{entry_number}}
"Set the default boot entry to an entry number, name or identifier for an alternative boot directory:",sudo grub-set-default --boot-directory {{/path/to/boot_directory}} {{entry_number}}
List all objects managed by WirePlumber:,wpctl status
Print all properties of an object:,wpctl inspect {{id}}
Set an object to be the default in its group:,wpctl set-default {{id}}
Get the volume of a sink:,wpctl get-volume {{id}}
Set the volume of a sink to `n` percent:,wpctl set-volume {{id}} {{n}}%
Increase/Decrease the volume of a sink by `n` percent:,wpctl set-volume {{id}} {{n}}%{{+|-}}
Increase the volume of a sink by `n` percent but limit the volume below 100%:,wpctl set-volume {{[-l|--limit]}} 1 {{id}} {{n}}%-
"Mute/Unmute a sink (1 is mute, 0 is unmute):",wpctl set-mute {{id}} {{1|0|toggle}}
Download the contents of a URL to a file:,ruget {{https://example.com/file}}
Download the contents of a URL to a specified output file:,ruget {{[-o|--output]}} {{file_name}} {{https://example.com/file}}
Get the security context of the current execution context:,secon
Get the current security context of a process:,secon --pid {{1}}
"Get the current security context of a file, resolving all intermediate symlinks:",secon --file {{path/to/file_or_directory}}
Get the current security context of a symlink itself (i.e. do not resolve):,secon --link {{path/to/symlink}}
Parse and explain a context specification:,"secon {{system_u:system_r:container_t:s0:c899,c900}}"
"Check filesystem, reporting any damaged blocks:",sudo e2fsck {{/dev/sdXN}}
Check filesystem and automatically repair any damaged blocks:,sudo e2fsck -p {{/dev/sdXN}}
Check filesystem in read only mode:,sudo e2fsck -c {{/dev/sdXN}}
"Perform an exhaustive, non-destructive read-write test for bad blocks and blacklist them:",sudo e2fsck -fccky {{/dev/sdXN}}
Compress an executable file in-place:,gzexe {{path/to/executable}}
Decompress a compressed executable in-place (i.e. convert the shell script back to an uncompressed binary):,gzexe -d {{path/to/compressed_executable}}
Add partition mappings:,kpartx -a {{whole_disk.img}}
Delete partition mappings:,kpartx -d {{whole_disk.img}}
List partition mappings:,kpartx -l {{whole_disk.img}}
Display a list of installed modules:,eselect
View documentation for a specific module:,tldr eselect {{module}}
Display a help message for a specific module:,eselect {{module}} help
Launch Anbox into the app manager:,anbox launch --package={{org.anbox.appmgr}} --component={{org.anbox.appmgr.AppViewActivity}}
Build a recipe:,bluebuild build {{path/to/recipe.yml}}
Validate a recipe:,bluebuild validate {{path/to/recipe.yml}}
Generate a Containerfile:,bluebuild generate --output {{Containerfile}} {{path/to/recipe.yml}}
Generate an ISO from a recipe:,bluebuild generate-iso --output-dir {{path/to/output_directory}} --iso-name {{iso_name.iso}} recipe {{path/to/recipe.yml}}
Display help:,bluebuild --help
Start a snake game:,snake4
Choose level:,{{<1>|<2>|<3>|<4>|<5>}}
Navigate the snake:,{{<ArrowUp>|<ArrowDown>|<ArrowLeft>|<ArrowRight>}}
Pause game:,<Space>
Quit game:,<q>
Show the high scores:,snake4 --highscores
Synchronize the Portage tree:,ego sync
Update the bootloader configuration:,ego boot update
Read a Funtoo wiki page by name:,ego doc {{wiki_page}}
Print current profile:,ego profile show
Enable/Disable mix-ins:,ego profile mix-in +{{gnome}} -{{kde-plasma-5}}
"Query Funtoo bugs, related to a specified package:",ego query bug {{package}}
Print the dependency tree of a specific package:,pactree {{package}}
Print what packages depend on a specific package:,pactree {{[-r|--reverse]}} {{package}}
"Dump dependencies one per line, skipping duplicates:",pactree {{[-u|--unique]}} {{package}}
Include optional dependencies of a specific package and colorize the output:,pactree {{[-co|--color --optional]}} {{package}}
Display help:,pactree
Interactively create a new package manager configuration:,apx pkgmanagers create
List all available package manager confirgurations:,apx pkgmanagers list
Remove a package manager configuration:,apx pkgmanagers rm --name {{string}}
Display information about a specific package manager:,apx pkgmanagers show {{name}}
Look for pattern in the database. Note: The database is recomputed periodically (usually weekly or daily):,locate {{pattern}}
Look for a file by its exact filename (a pattern containing no globbing characters is interpreted as `*pattern*`):,locate '*/{{filename}}'
Recompute the database. You need to do it if you want to find recently added files:,sudo updatedb
Display the [s]tatus of the audit system:,sudo auditctl -s
[l]ist all currently loaded audit rules:,sudo auditctl -l
[D]elete all audit rules:,sudo auditctl -D
[e]nable/disable the audit system:,sudo auditctl -e {{1|0}}
Watch a file for changes:,"sudo auditctl -a always,exit -F arch=b64 -F path={{/path/to/file}} -F perm=wa"
Recursively watch a directory for changes:,"sudo auditctl -a always,exit -F arch=b64 -F dir={{/path/to/directory/}} -F perm=wa"
Display [h]elp:,auditctl -h
Overwrite free space and inodes of a disk with 38 writes (slow but secure):,sfill {{/path/to/mounted_disk_directory}}
Overwrite free space and inodes of a disk with 6 writes (fast but less secure) and show status:,sfill -l -v {{/path/to/mounted_disk_directory}}
Overwrite free space and inodes of a disk with 1 write (very fast but insecure) and show status:,sfill -ll -v {{/path/to/mounted_disk_directory}}
Overwrite only free space of a disk:,sfill -I {{/path/to/mounted_disk_directory}}
Overwrite only free inodes of a disk:,sfill -i {{/path/to/mounted_disk_directory}}
Get capabilities for the given files:,getcap {{path/to/file1 path/to/file2 ...}}
Get capabilities for all the files recursively under the given directories:,getcap -r {{path/to/directory1 path/to/directory2 ...}}
Display all searched entries even if no capabilities are set:,getcap -v {{path/to/file1 path/to/file2 ...}}
Restore virtual machine from given backup file on the original storage:,qmrestore {{path/to/vzdump-qemu-100.vma.lzo}} {{100}}
Overwrite existing virtual machine from a given backup file on the original storage:,qmrestore {{path/to/vzdump-qemu-100.vma.lzo}} {{100}} --force true
Restore the virtual machine from a given backup file on specific storage:,qmrestore {{path/to/vzdump-qemu-100.vma.lzo}} {{100}} --storage {{local}}
Start virtual machine immediately from the backup while restoring in the background (only on Proxmox Backup Server):,qmrestore {{path/to/vzdump-qemu-100.vma.lzo}} {{100}} --live-restore true
Display all updates:,snap --nosplash --nogui --modules --list --refresh
Display help:,snap --help
Unlock a specific virtual machine:,qm unlock {{vm_id}}
Analyze one or more log files in interactive mode:,goaccess {{path/to/logfile1 path/to/file2 ...}}
"Use a specific log-format (or pre-defined formats like ""combined""):",goaccess {{path/to/logfile}} --log-format={{format}}
Analyze a log from `stdin`:,tail {{[-f|--follow]}} {{path/to/logfile}} | goaccess -
Analyze a log and write it to an HTML file in real-time:,goaccess {{path/to/logfile}} {{[-o|--output]}} {{path/to/file.html}} --real-time-html
List all currently tracked connections:,conntrack {{[-L|--dump]}}
Display a real-time event log of connection changes:,conntrack {{[-E|--event]}}
Display a real-time event log of connection changes and associated timestamps:,conntrack {{[-E|--event]}} {{[-o|--output]}} timestamp
Display a real-time event log of connection changes for a specific IP address:,conntrack {{[-E|--event]}} {{[-s|--orig-src]}} {{ip_address}}
Delete all flows for a specific source IP address:,conntrack {{[-D|--delete]}} {{[-s|--orig-src]}} {{ip_address}}
List all Distrobox containers:,distrobox-list
List all Distrobox containers with verbose information:,distrobox-list {{[-v|--verbose]}}
View documentation for the original command:,tldr abrt-cli
Reinitialize the current terminal:,reset
Display the terminal type instead:,reset -q
List all kernel files:,sudo eclean-kernel {{[-l|--list-kernels]}}
Remove all kernels except for the two newest ones:,sudo eclean-kernel {{[-n|--num]}} 2
Remove all kernels except for the two newest ones and ask before removal:,sudo eclean-kernel {{[-a|--all]}} {{[-n|--num]}} 2
Print information about the current raspberry pi EEPROM installed:,sudo rpi-eeprom-update
Update a raspberry pi EEPROM:,sudo rpi-eeprom-update -a
Cancel the pending update:,sudo rpi-eeprom-update -r
Display help:,rpi-eeprom-update -h
Start a scrub:,sudo btrfs scrub start {{path/to/btrfs_mount}}
Show the status of an ongoing or last completed scrub:,sudo btrfs scrub status {{path/to/btrfs_mount}}
Cancel an ongoing scrub:,sudo btrfs scrub cancel {{path/to/btrfs_mount}}
Resume a previously cancelled scrub:,sudo btrfs scrub resume {{path/to/btrfs_mount}}
"Start a scrub, but do not put the program in the [B]ackground:",sudo btrfs scrub start -B {{path/to/btrfs_mount}}
Start a scrub in quiet mode (does not print errors or statistics):,sudo btrfs scrub start {{[-q|--quiet]}} {{path/to/btrfs_mount}}
Execute a typescript in real-time:,scriptlive {{path/to/timing_file}} {{path/to/typescript}}
Execute a typescript at double the original speed:,scriptlive {{path/to/timing_file}} {{path/to/typescript}} --divisor 2
Execute a typescript created using `--log-in` option of `script`:,scriptlive --log-in {{path/to/stdin_log_file}} {{path/to/typescript}}
Execute a typescript waiting at most 2 seconds between each command:,scriptlive {{path/to/timing_file}} {{path/to/typescript}} --maxdelay 2
Generate a mirrorlist using the default settings:,sudo pacman-mirrors --fasttrack
Get the status of the current mirrors:,pacman-mirrors --status
Display the current branch:,pacman-mirrors --get-branch
Switch to a different branch:,sudo pacman-mirrors --api --set-branch {{stable|unstable|testing}}
"Generate a mirrorlist, only using mirrors in your country:",sudo pacman-mirrors --geoip
Start an RDP server with a username and password:,krdpserver {{[-u|--username]}} {{user_name}} {{[-p|--password]}} {{password}}
Share a specific monitor marked by its index:,krdpserver {{[-u|--username]}} {{user_name}} {{[-p|--password]}} {{password}} --monitor {{n}}
Rank a mirror list:,rankmirrors {{/etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist}}
Output only a given number of the top ranking servers:,rankmirrors -n {{number}} {{/etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist}}
Be verbose when generating the mirrorlist:,rankmirrors {{[-v|--verbose]}} {{/etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist}}
Test only a specific URL:,rankmirrors {{[-u|--url]}} {{url}}
Output only the response times instead of a full mirrorlist:,rankmirrors {{[-t|--times]}} {{/etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist}}
Print a report for all devices:,sudo blockdev --report
Print a report for a specific device:,sudo blockdev --report {{/dev/sdXY}}
Get the size of a device in 512-byte sectors:,sudo blockdev --getsz {{/dev/sdXY}}
Set read-only:,sudo blockdev --setro {{/dev/sdXY}}
Set read-write:,sudo blockdev --setrw {{/dev/sdXY}}
Flush buffers:,sudo blockdev --flushbufs {{/dev/sdXY}}
Get the physical block size:,sudo blockdev --getpbsz {{/dev/sdXY}}
Set the read-ahead value to 128 sectors:,sudo blockdev --setra 128 {{/dev/sdXY}}
View documentation for the original command:,tldr pacman database
Open a terminal:,st
Open a terminal with a specific title:,st -T {{title}}
"Open a terminal, execute a given command, and write the output to a file:",st -o {{path/to/file}} -e {{command argument1 argument2}}
Increase/decrease the font size:,<Ctrl Shift {{PageUp|PageDown}}>
Copy/paste from the clipboard:,<Ctrl Shift {{c|v}}>
Launch the file manager:,dolphin
Open specific directories:,dolphin {{path/to/directory1 path/to/directory2 ...}}
Open with specific files or directories selected:,dolphin --select {{path/to/file_or_directory1 path/to/file_or_directory2 ...}}
Open a new window:,dolphin --new-window
Open specific directories in split view:,dolphin --split {{path/to/directory1}} {{path/to/directory2}}
Launch the daemon (only required to use the D-Bus interface):,dolphin --daemon
Display help:,dolphin --help
List available portable service images discovered in the portable image search paths:,portablectl list
Attach a portable service image to the host system:,portablectl attach {{path/to/image}}
Detach a portable service image from the host system:,portablectl detach {{path/to/image|image_name}}
Display details and metadata about a specified portable service image:,portablectl inspect {{path/to/image}}
Check if a portable service image is attached to the host system:,portablectl is-attached {{path/to/image|image_name}}
Install or reinstall the `br` shell function:,broot --install
"Pretend to load a module into the kernel, but don't actually do it:",sudo modprobe --dry-run {{module_name}}
Load a module into the kernel:,sudo modprobe {{module_name}}
Remove a module from the kernel:,sudo modprobe --remove {{module_name}}
Remove a module and those that depend on it from the kernel:,sudo modprobe --remove-dependencies {{module_name}}
Show a kernel module's dependencies:,sudo modprobe --show-depends {{module_name}}
Add a new `apt` repository:,add-apt-repository {{repository_spec}}
Remove an `apt` repository:,add-apt-repository --remove {{repository_spec}}
Update the package cache after adding a repository:,add-apt-repository --update {{repository_spec}}
Allow source packages to be downloaded from the repository:,add-apt-repository --enable-source {{repository_spec}}
Display a tree of processes:,pstree
Display a tree of processes with PIDs:,pstree {{[-p|--show-pids]}}
Display all process trees rooted at processes owned by specified user:,pstree {{user}}
Run a command with the given scheduling class and priority:,ionice {{[-c|--class]}} {{scheduling_class}} {{[-n|--classdata]}} {{priority}} {{command}}
"Set I/O scheduling class of a running process with a specific [p]id, [P]gid or [u]id:",ionice {{[-c|--class]}} {{scheduling_class}} -{{p|P|u}} {{id}}
Run a command with custom I/O scheduling class and priority:,ionice {{[-c|--class]}} {{scheduling_class}} {{[-n|--classdata]}} {{priority}} {{command}}
Ignore failure to set the requested priority:,ionice {{[-t|--ignore]}} {{[-n|--classdata]}} {{priority}} {{[-p|--pid]}} {{pid}}
Run the command even in case it was not possible to set the desired priority (this can happen due to insufficient privileges or an old kernel version):,ionice {{[-t|--ignore]}} {{[-n|--classdata]}} {{priority}} {{[-p|--pid]}} {{pid}}
Print the I/O scheduling class and priority of a running process:,ionice {{[-p|--pid]}} {{pid}}
Open a URL in the default application:,handlr open {{https://example.com}}
Open a PDF in the default PDF viewer:,handlr open {{path/to/file.pdf}}
Set `imv` as the default application for PNG files:,handlr set {{.png}} {{imv.desktop}}
Set MPV as the default application for all audio files:,handlr set {{'audio/*'}} {{mpv.desktop}}
List all default apps:,handlr list
Print the default application for PNG files:,handlr get {{.png}}
Run using interactive mode:,bitwise
Convert from decimal:,bitwise {{12345}}
Convert from hexadecimal:,bitwise {{0x563d}}
Convert a C-style calculation:,"bitwise ""{{0x123 + 0x20 - 30 / 50}}"""
List available power profiles:,powerprofilesctl list
Set a specific power profile:,powerprofilesctl set {{profile_name}}
Display power and battery information:,upower {{[-d|--dump]}}
List all power devices:,upower {{[-e|--enumerate]}}
Watch for and print power status changes:,upower {{[-m|--monitor]}}
Watch for and print detailed power status changes:,upower --monitor-detail
Display version:,upower {{[-v|--version]}}
Start `raspi-config`:,sudo raspi-config
View documentation for the original command:,tldr gcc
Copy a file to a remote host:,rcp {{path/to/local_file}} {{username}}@{{remote_host}}:{{/path/to/destination/}}
Copy a directory recursively:,rcp {{[-r|--recursive]}} {{path/to/local_directory}} {{username}}@{{remote_host}}:{{/path/to/destination/}}
Preserve the file attributes:,rcp {{[-p|--preserve]}} {{path/to/local_file}} {{username}}@{{remote_host}}:{{/path/to/destination/}}
Force copy without a confirmation:,rcp {{[-f|--from]}} {{path/to/local_file}} {{username}}@{{remote_host}}:{{/path/to/destination/}}
Fill the console:,hollywood
Exit `hollywood`:,<Ctrl c><Ctrl c>
Display help:,hollywood {{[-h|--help]}}
Configure cloudinit settings for a specific user and set password for the user:,qm cloud-init {{vm_id}} -user={{user}} -password={{password}}
Configure cloudinit settings for a specific user and set password for the user with a specific SSH key:,qm cloud-init {{vm_id}} -user={{user}} -password={{password}} -sshkey={{ssh_key}}
Set the hostname for a specific virtual machine:,qm cloud-init {{vm_id}} -hostname={{hostname}}
Configure the network interface settings for a specific virtual machine:,qm cloud-init {{vm_id}} -ipconfig {{ipconfig}}
Configure a shell script to execute before `cloud-ini` is run on a virtual machine:,qm cloud-init {{vm_id}} -pre {{script}}
Display the MIME type of a file:,xdg-mime query filetype {{path/to/file}}
Display the default application for opening PNGs:,xdg-mime query default {{image/png}}
Display the default application for opening a specific file:,xdg-mime query default $(xdg-mime query filetype {{path/to/file}})
Set imv as the default application for opening PNG and JPEG images:,xdg-mime default {{imv.desktop}} {{image/png}} {{image/jpeg}}
Create users and groups from a specific configuration file:,systemd-sysusers {{path/to/file}}
Process configuration files and print what would be done without actually doing anything:,systemd-sysusers --dry-run {{path/to/file}}
"Print the contents of all configuration files (before each file, its name is printed as a comment):",systemd-sysusers --cat-config
Create an ext4 filesystem inside partition Y on device X:,sudo mkfs.ext4 {{/dev/sdXY}}
Create an ext4 filesystem with a volume-label:,sudo mkfs.ext4 -L {{volume_label}} {{/dev/sdXY}}
Retrieve all extended attributes of a file and display them in a detailed format:,getfattr {{[-d|--dump]}} {{path/to/file}}
Get a specific attribute of a file:,getfattr {{[-n|--name]}} user.{{attribute_name}} {{path/to/file}}
View documentation for the original command:,tldr flex
Print on-disk information for a given filesystem:,dump.exfat {{/dev/sdXY}}
Start the Apache daemon. Throw a message if it is already running:,sudo apache2ctl start
Stop the Apache daemon:,sudo apache2ctl stop
Restart the Apache daemon:,sudo apache2ctl restart
Test syntax of the configuration file:,sudo apache2ctl -t
List loaded modules:,sudo apache2ctl -M
Clean the source file directory:,sudo eclean distfiles
Clean the binary package directory:,sudo eclean packages
"Clean the distfiles of all uninstalled packages, but keep the distfiles of installed packages:",sudo eclean --deep --package-names distfiles
"Clean the binary packages of all uninstalled packages, but keep the binaries of installed packages:",sudo eclean --deep --package-names packages
Disable a given swap area:,swapoff {{path/to/file}}
Disable all swap areas in `/proc/swaps`:,swapoff {{[-a|--all]}}
Disable a swap partition by its label:,swapoff -L {{label}}
Remove a package:,xbps-remove {{package}}
Remove a package and its dependencies:,xbps-remove {{[-R|--recursive]}} {{package}}
Remove orphan packages (installed as dependencies but no longer required by any package):,xbps-remove {{[-o|--remove-orphans]}}
Remove obsolete packages from the cache:,xbps-remove {{[-O|--clean-cache]}}
Synchronize list of packages and versions available:,zypper refresh
Install a new package:,zypper install {{package}}
Remove a package:,zypper remove {{package}}
Upgrade installed packages to the newest available versions:,zypper update
Search package via keyword:,zypper search {{keyword}}
Show information related to configured repositories:,zypper repos --sort-by-priority
Display all extractable information contained in the ELF file:,eu-readelf {{[-a|--all]}} {{path/to/file}}
"Display the contents of all NOTE segments/sections, or of a particular segment/section:",eu-readelf {{[-n--notes]}} {{.note.ABI-tag}} {{path/to/file}}
Search for duplicate extents in a directory and show them:,duperemove -r {{path/to/directory}}
Deduplicate duplicate extents on a Btrfs or XFS (experimental) filesystem:,duperemove -r -d {{path/to/directory}}
Use a hash file to store extent hashes (less memory usage and can be reused on subsequent runs):,duperemove -r -d --hashfile={{path/to/hashfile}} {{path/to/directory}}
Limit I/O threads (for hashing and dedupe stage) and CPU threads (for duplicate extent finding stage):,duperemove -r -d --hashfile={{path/to/hashfile}} --io-threads={{n}} --cpu-threads={{n}} {{path/to/directory}}
Reboot the system:,reboot
Power off the system (same as `poweroff`):,reboot {{[-p|--poweroff]}}
Halt (terminates all processes and shuts down the CPU) the system (same as `halt`):,reboot --halt
Reboot immediately without contacting the system manager:,reboot {{[-f|--force]}}
Write the wtmp shutdown entry without rebooting the system:,reboot {{[-w|--wtmp-only]}}
Create an 'fsdax' mode namespace:,ndctl create-namespace --mode={{fsdax}}
Change the mode of a namespace to 'raw':,ndctl create-namespace --reconfigure={{namespaceX.Y}} --mode={{raw}}
"Check a sector mode namespace for consistency, and repair if needed:",ndctl check-namespace --repair {{namespaceX.Y}}
"List all namespaces, regions, and buses (including disabled ones):",ndctl list --namespaces --regions --buses --idle
List a specific namespace and include lots of additional information:,ndctl list -vvv --namespace={{namespaceX.Y}}
Run a monitor to watch for SMART health events for NVDIMMs on the 'ACPI.NFIT' bus:,ndctl monitor --bus={{ACPI.NFIT}}
Remove a namespace (when applicable) or reset it to an initial state:,ndctl destroy-namespace --force {{namespaceX.Y}}
Run the protontricks GUI:,protontricks --gui
Run Winetricks for a specific game:,protontricks {{appid}} {{winetricks_args}}
Run a command within a game's installation directory:,protontricks -c {{command}} {{appid}}
[l]ist all installed games:,protontricks -l
[s]earch for a game's App ID by name:,protontricks -s {{game_name}}
Run an executable in the proton environment of a specific game:,protontricks-launch --appid {{appid}} {{path/to/executable.exe}}
Display help:,protontricks --help
Synchronize and update all packages (includes AUR):,pacaur -Syu
Synchronize and update only AUR packages:,pacaur -Syua
Install a new package (includes AUR):,pacaur -S {{package}}
Remove a package and its dependencies (includes AUR packages):,pacaur -Rs {{package}}
Search the package database for a keyword (includes AUR):,pacaur -Ss {{keyword}}
List all currently installed packages (includes AUR packages):,pacaur -Qs
List vulnerable installed packages on the current host:,debsecan
List vulnerable installed packages of a specific suite:,debsecan --suite {{release_code_name}}
List only fixed vulnerabilities:,debsecan --suite {{release_code_name}} --only-fixed
"List only fixed vulnerabilities of unstable (""sid"") and mail to root:",debsecan --suite {{sid}} --only-fixed --format {{report}} --mailto {{root}} --update-history
Upgrade vulnerable installed packages:,sudo apt upgrade $(debsecan --only-fixed --format {{packages}})
Start an interactive calculator session:,mate-calc-cmd
Calculate a specific mathematic expression:,{{2 + 5}}
List all storage devices in a tree-like format:,lsblk
Also list empty devices:,lsblk {{[-a|--all]}}
Print the SIZE column in bytes rather than in a human-readable format:,lsblk {{[-b|--bytes]}}
Output info about filesystems:,lsblk {{[-f|--fs]}}
Use ASCII characters for tree formatting:,lsblk {{[-i|--ascii]}}
Output info about block-device topology:,lsblk {{[-t|--topology]}}
Exclude the devices specified by the comma-separated list of major device numbers:,"lsblk {{[-e|--exclude]}} {{1,7,...}}"
Display a customized summary using a comma-separated list of columns:,"lsblk {{[-o|--output]}} {{NAME,SERIAL,MODEL,TRAN,TYPE,SIZE,FSTYPE,MOUNTPOINT,...}}"
"Show all peers on the bus, by their service names:",busctl list
"Show process information and credentials of a bus service, a process, or the owner of the bus (if no parameter is specified):",busctl status {{service|pid}}
"Dump messages being exchanged. If no service is specified, show all messages on the bus:",busctl monitor {{service1 service2 ...}}
Show an object tree of one or more services (or all services if no service is specified):,busctl tree {{service1 service2 ...}}
"Show interfaces, methods, properties and signals of the specified object on the specified service:",busctl introspect {{service}} {{path/to/object}}
Retrieve the current value of one or more object properties:,busctl get-property {{service}} {{path/to/object}} {{interface_name}} {{property_name}}
Invoke a method and show the response:,busctl call {{service}} {{path/to/object}} {{interface_name}} {{method_name}}
Get the hostname of the computer:,hostnamectl
Set the hostname of the computer:,"sudo hostnamectl set-hostname ""{{hostname}}"""
Set a pretty hostname for the computer:,"sudo hostnamectl set-hostname --static ""{{hostname.example.com}}"" && sudo hostnamectl set-hostname --pretty ""{{hostname}}"""
Reset hostname to its default value:,"sudo hostnamectl set-hostname --pretty """""
Initialize the `pacman` keyring:,sudo pacman-key --init
Add the default Arch Linux keys:,sudo pacman-key --populate {{archlinux}}
List keys from the public keyring:,pacman-key --list-keys
Add the specified keys:,sudo pacman-key --add {{path/to/keyfile.gpg}}
Receive a key from a key server:,"sudo pacman-key --recv-keys ""{{uid|name|email}}"""
Print the fingerprint of a specific key:,"pacman-key --finger ""{{uid|name|email}}"""
Sign an imported key locally:,"sudo pacman-key --lsign-key ""{{uid|name|email}}"""
Remove a specific key:,"sudo pacman-key --delete ""{{uid|name|email}}"""
Monitor everything on localhost:,tshark
Only capture packets matching a specific capture filter:,tshark -f '{{udp port 53}}'
Only show packets matching a specific output filter:,"tshark -Y '{{http.request.method == ""GET""}}'"
Decode a TCP port using a specific protocol (e.g. HTTP):,"tshark -d tcp.port=={{8888}},{{http}}"
Specify the format of captured output:,tshark -T {{json|text|ps|...}}
Select specific fields to output:,tshark -T {{fields|ek|json|pdml}} -e {{http.request.method}} -e {{ip.src}}
Write captured packet to a file:,tshark -w {{path/to/file}}
Analyze packets from a file:,tshark -r {{path/to/file.pcap}}
Read all unread news:,sudo informant read
Check for news:,informant check
List latest news:,informant list
Display help:,informant {{[-h|--help]}}
Change the current user's SMB password:,smbpasswd
Add a specified user to Samba and set password (user should already exist in system):,sudo smbpasswd -a {{username}}
Modify an existing Samba user's password:,sudo smbpasswd {{username}}
Delete a Samba user (use `pdbedit` instead if the Unix account has been deleted):,sudo smbpasswd -x {{username}}
Resolve a local service to its IPv4:,avahi-resolve -4 {{[-n|--name]}} {{service.local}}
"Resolve an IP to a hostname, verbosely:",avahi-resolve {{[-v|--verbose]}} {{[-a|--address]}} {{IP}}
Add a torrent file or magnet to be downloaded:,rtorrent {{torrent_or_magnet}}
Start the download:,<Ctrl s>
View details about downloading torrent:,<ArrowRight>
Close rtorrent safely:,<Ctrl q>
Add a medium:,sudo urpmi.addmedia {{medium}} {{ftp://ftp.site.com/path/to/Mageia/RPMS}}
Add a medium from a hard drive (run `genhdlist2` in the directory first):,sudo urpmi.addmedia --distrib HD file:/{{/path/to/repo}}
Add important media from a chosen mirror:,sudo urpmi.addmedia --distrib ftp://{{mirror_website}}/mirror/mageia/distrib/{{version}}/{{arch}}
Automatically select mirrors from a mirror list:,sudo urpmi.addmedia --distrib --mirrorlist {{mirrorlist}}
Set the keyboard in French AZERTY:,setxkbmap {{fr}}
"Set multiple keyboard layouts, their variants and switching option:","setxkbmap -layout {{us,de}} -variant {{,qwerty}} -option {{'grp:alt_caps_toggle'}}"
Get help:,setxkbmap -help
List all layouts:,localectl list-x11-keymap-layouts
List variants for the layout:,localectl list-x11-keymap-variants {{de}}
List available switching options:,localectl list-x11-keymap-options | grep grp:
List all virtual machines:,qm list
List all virtual machines with a full status about the ones which are currently running:,qm list --full 1
Display the whole control group hierarchy on your system:,systemd-cgls
Display a control group tree of a specific resource controller:,systemd-cgls {{cpu|memory|io}}
Display the control group hierarchy of one or more systemd units:,systemd-cgls {{[-u|--unit]}} {{unit1 unit2 ...}}
Check the current system clock time:,timedatectl
Set the local time of the system clock directly:,"timedatectl set-time ""{{yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss}}"""
List available timezones:,timedatectl list-timezones
Set the system timezone:,timedatectl set-timezone {{timezone}}
Enable Network Time Protocol (NTP) synchronization:,timedatectl set-ntp on
Change the hardware clock time standard to localtime:,timedatectl set-local-rtc 1
Install a package:,opkg install {{package}}
Remove a package:,opkg remove {{package}}
Update the list of available packages:,opkg update
Upgrade one or more specific package(s):,opkg upgrade {{package(s)}}
Display information for a specific package:,opkg info {{package}}
List all the available packages:,opkg list
Find out which package owns a file:,opkg search {{/path/to/file}}
List all files belonging to a package:,opkg files {{package}}
Show all overridden configuration files:,systemd-delta
Show only files of specific types (comma-separated list):,systemd-delta {{[-t|--type]}} {{masked|equivalent|redirected|overridden|extended|unchanged}}
Show only files whose path starts with the specified prefix (Note: A prefix is a directory containing subdirectories with systemd configuration files):,systemd-delta {{/etc|/run|/usr/lib|...}}
Further restrict the search path by adding a suffix (the prefix is optional):,systemd-delta {{prefix}}/{{tmpfiles.d|sysctl.d|systemd/system|...}}
List all input devices:,xinput list
Disable an input:,xinput disable {{id}}
Enable an input:,xinput enable {{id}}
Disconnect an input from its master:,xinput float {{id}}
Reattach an input as slave to a master:,xinput reattach {{id}} {{master_id}}
List settings of an input device:,xinput list-props {{id}}
Change a setting of an input device:,xinput set-prop {{id}} {{setting_id}} {{value}}
Copy a virtual machine:,qm copy {{vm_id}} {{new_vm_id}}
Copy a virtual machine using a specific name:,qm copy {{vm_id}} {{new_vm_id}} --name {{name}}
Copy a virtual machine using a specific descriptionn:,qm copy {{vm_id}} {{new_vm_id}} --description {{description}}
Copy a virtual machine creating a full copy of all disks:,qm copy {{vm_id}} {{new_vm_id}} --full
Copy a virtual machine using a specific format for file storage (requires `--full`):,qm copy {{vm_id}} {{new_vm_id}} --full --format {{qcow2|raw|vmdk}}
Copy a virtual machine then add it to a specific pool:,qm copy {{vm_id}} {{new_vm_id}} --pool {{pool_name}}
A preferred way to trace the path to a host:,tracepath -p {{33434}} {{host}}
"Specify the initial destination port, useful with non-standard firewall settings:",tracepath -p {{destination_port}} {{host}}
Print both hostnames and numerical IP addresses:,tracepath -b {{host}}
Specify a maximum TTL (number of hops):,tracepath -m {{max_hops}} {{host}}
Specify the initial packet length (defaults to 65535 for IPv4 and 128000 for IPv6):,tracepath -l {{packet_length}} {{host}}
Use only IPv6 addresses:,tracepath -6 {{host}}
Remove all but the 3 most recent package versions from the `pacman` cache:,paccache {{[-r|--remove]}}
Set the number of package versions to keep:,paccache {{[-rk|--remove --keep]}} {{num_versions}}
Perform a dry-run and show the number of candidate packages for deletion:,paccache {{[-d|--dryrun]}}
Move candidate packages to a directory instead of deleting them:,paccache {{[-m|--move]}} {{path/to/directory}}
Create a snapshot of a specific virtual machine:,qm snapshot {{vm_id}} {{snapshot_name}}
Create a snapshot with a specific description:,qm snapshot {{vm_id}} {{snapshot_name}} --description {{description}}
Create a snapshot including the vmstate:,qm snapshot {{vm_id}} {{snapshot_name}} --description {{description}} --vmstate 1
Show only [a]ctive containers:,ctop -a
[r]everse the container sort order:,ctop -r
[i]nvert the default colors:,ctop -i
Display [h]elp:,ctop -h
"Start a buffer for temporary notes, which won't be saved:",zile
Open a file:,zile {{path/to/file}}
Save a file:,<Ctrl x><Ctrl s>
Quit:,<Ctrl x><Ctrl c>
Open a file at a specified line number:,zile +{{line_number}} {{path/to/file}}
Undo changes:,<Ctrl x><u>
Check a btrfs filesystem:,sudo btrfs check {{path/to/partition}}
Check and repair a btrfs filesystem (dangerous):,sudo btrfs check --repair {{path/to/partition}}
Show the progress of the check:,sudo btrfs check {{[-p|--progress]}} {{path/to/partition}}
Verify the checksum of each data block (if the filesystem is good):,sudo btrfs check --check-data-csum {{path/to/partition}}
"Use the `n`-th superblock (`n` can be 0, 1 or 2):",sudo btrfs check {{[-s|--super]}} {{n}} {{path/to/partition}}
Rebuild the checksum tree:,sudo btrfs check --repair --init-csum-tree {{path/to/partition}}
Rebuild the extent tree:,sudo btrfs check --repair --init-extent-tree {{path/to/partition}}
Flip the current (non-persistent) values of the specified booleans:,sudo togglesebool {{virt_use_samba virt_use_usb ...}}
Check the status of a parallel port device:,tunelp {{[-s|--status]}} {{/dev/lp0}}
Reset a given parallel port:,tunelp {{[-r|--reset]}} {{/dev/lp0}}
"Use a given IRQ for a device, each one representing an interrupt line:",tunelp {{[-i|--irq]}} 5 {{/dev/lp0}}
Try a given number of times to output a character to the printer before sleeping for a given time:,tunelp {{[-c|--chars]}} {{times}} {{[-t|--time]}} {{time_in_centiseconds}} {{/dev/lp0}}
Enable or disable aborting on error (disabled by default):,tunelp {{[-a|--abort]}} {{on|off}}
Create a loopback device with the default loopback behavior:,pw-loopback
Create a loopback device that automatically connects to the speakers:,pw-loopback {{[-m|--channel-map]}} '{{[FL FR]}}' {{[-i|--capture-props]}} '{{media.class=Audio/Sink}}'
Create a loopback device that automatically connects to the microphone:,pw-loopback {{[-m|--channel-map]}} '{{[FL FR]}}' {{[-o|--playback-props]}} '{{media.class=Audio/Source}}'
Create a dummy loopback device that doesn't automatically connect to anything:,pw-loopback {{[-m|--channel-map]}} '{{[FL FR]}}' {{[-i|--capture-props]}} '{{media.class=Audio/Sink}}' {{[-o|--playback-props]}} '{{media.class=Audio/Source}}'
Create a loopback device that automatically connects to the speakers and swaps the left and right channels between the sink and source:,pw-loopback {{[-i|--capture-props]}} '{{media.class=Audio/Sink audio.position=[FL FR]}}' {{[-o|--playback-props]}} '{{audio.position=[FR FL]}}'
Create a loopback device that automatically connects to the microphone and swaps the left and right channels between the sink and source:,pw-loopback {{[-i|--capture-props]}} '{{audio.position=[FR FL]}}' {{[-o|--playback-props]}} '{{media.class=Audio/Source audio.position=[FL FR]}}'
Start knockd system daemon:,knockd {{[-d|--daemon]}}
Use specified configuration file for knockd:,knockd {{[-c|--config]}} {{path/to/file}}.configuration
Launch a VNC server that allows multiple clients to connect:,x11vnc -shared
"Launch a VNC server in view-only mode, and which won't terminate once the last client disconnects:",x11vnc -forever -viewonly
Launch a VNC server on a specific display and screen (both starting at index zero):,x11vnc -display :{{display}}.{{screen}}
Launch a VNC server on the third display's default screen:,x11vnc -display :{{2}}
Launch a VNC server on the first display's second screen:,x11vnc -display :{{0}}.{{1}}
Search the AUR database for a package:,aur search {{keyword}}
"Download a package and its dependencies from AUR, build them and add them to a local repository:",aur sync {{package}}
List packages available in your local repository:,aur repo {{[-l|--list]}}
Upgrade local repository packages:,aur sync {{[-u|--upgrades]}}
Install a package without viewing changes in Vim and do not confirm dependency installation:,aur sync --noview {{[-n|--noconfirm]}} {{package}}
Refresh database content:,sudo updatedb
Display file names as soon as they are found:,sudo updatedb {{[-v|--verbose]}}
Start `ntpq` in interactive mode:,ntpq
Print a list of NTP peers:,ntpq {{[-p|--peers]}}
Print a list of NTP peers without resolving hostnames from IP addresses:,ntpq {{[-n|--numeric]}} {{[-p|--peers]}}
Use `ntpq` in debugging mode:,ntpq {{[-d|--debug-level]}}
Print NTP system variables values:,ntpq {{[-c|--command]}} {{rv}}
"List services available on the local network along with their addresses and ports, ignoring ones on the local machine:",avahi-browse {{[-a|--all]}} {{[-r|--resolve]}} {{[-l|--ignore-local]}}
Quickly list services in the local network in SSV format for scripts:,avahi-browse {{[-a|--all]}} {{[-t|--terminate]}} {{[-p|--parsable]}}
List domains in the neighbourhood:,avahi-browse {{[-D|--browse-domains]}}
Limit the search to a particular domain:,avahi-browse {{[-a|--all]}} --domain={{domain}}
Find out whether the network is connected and print the result to `stdout`:,nm-online
Wait `n` seconds for a connection (30 by default):,nm-online --timeout {{n}}
View documentation for the original command:,tldr pacman query
Stop a container:,sudo lxc-stop {{container_name}}
Display help:,lxc-stop {{[-?|--help]}}
List all users in the SAM file:,chntpw -l {{path/to/sam_file}}
Edit user interactively:,chntpw -u {{username}} {{path/to/sam_file}}
Use chntpw interactively:,chntpw -i {{path/to/sam_file}}
Start `xman` in three-button window:,xman
Open the manual page output stored in a given file:,xman -helpfile {{filename}}
Show both manual page and directory:,xman -bothshown
Run Docker daemon:,dockerd
Run Docker daemon and configure it to listen to specific sockets (UNIX and TCP):,dockerd --host unix://{{path/to/tmp.sock}} --host tcp://{{ip}}
Run with specific daemon PID file:,dockerd --pidfile {{path/to/pid_file}}
Run in debug mode:,dockerd --debug
Run and set a specific log level:,dockerd --log-level {{debug|info|warn|error|fatal}}
Review files that need maintenance in interactive mode:,pacdiff
Use sudo and sudoedit to remove and merge files:,pacdiff {{[-s|--sudo]}}
"Review files needing maintenance, creating `.bak`ups of the original if you `(O)verwrite`:",pacdiff {{[-s|--sudo]}} {{[-b|--backup]}}
Use a specific editor to view and merge configuration files (default is `vim -d`):,DIFFPROG={{editor}} pacdiff
Scan for configuration files with `locate` instead of using `pacman` database:,pacdiff {{[-l|--locate]}}
Display help:,pacdiff {{[-h|--help]}}
Display a simple message:,"whiptail --title ""{{title}}"" --msgbox ""{{message}}"" {{height_in_chars}} {{width_in_chars}}"
"Display a boolean choice, returning the result through the exit code:","whiptail --title ""{{title}}"" --yesno ""{{message}}"" {{height_in_chars}} {{width_in_chars}}"
Customise the text on the yes/no buttons:,"whiptail --title ""{{title}}"" --yes-button ""{{text}}"" --no-button ""{{text}}"" --yesno ""{{message}}"" {{height_in_chars}} {{width_in_chars}}"
Display a text input box:,"{{result_variable_name}}=""$(whiptail --title ""{{title}}"" --inputbox ""{{message}}"" {{height_in_chars}} {{width_in_chars}} {{default_text}} 3>&1 1>&2 2>&3)"""
Display a password input box:,"{{result_variable_name}}=""$(whiptail --title ""{{title}}"" --passwordbox ""{{message}}"" {{height_in_chars}} {{width_in_chars}} 3>&1 1>&2 2>&3)"""
Display a multiple-choice menu:,"{{result_variable_name}}=$(whiptail --title ""{{title}}"" --menu ""{{message}}"" {{height_in_chars}} {{width_in_chars}} {{menu_display_height}} ""{{value_1}}"" ""{{display_text_1}}"" ""{{value_n}}"" ""{{display_text_n}}"" ..... 3>&1 1>&2 2>&3)"
Listen for input on the specified port and write it to the specified file:,ncat {{[-l|--listen]}} {{port}} > {{path/to/file}}
Accept multiple connections and keep ncat open after they have been closed:,ncat {{[-lk|--listen --keep-open]}} {{port}}
Write output of specified file to the specified host on the specified port:,ncat {{address}} {{port}} < {{path/to/file}}
Accept multiple incoming connections on an encrypted channel evading detection of traffic content:,ncat --ssl {{[-k|--keep-open]}} {{[-l|--listen]}} {{port}}
Connect to an open `ncat` connection over SSL:,ncat --ssl {{host}} {{port}}
Check connectivity to a remote host on a particular port with timeout:,ncat {{[-w|--wait]}} {{seconds}} {{[-vz|--verbose -z]}} {{host}} {{port}}
Create a home directory for a user based on `/etc/skel` with umask 022:,sudo mkhomedir_helper {{username}}
Create a home directory for a user based on `/etc/skel` with all permissions for owner (0) and read permission for group (3):,sudo mkhomedir_helper {{username}} {{037}}
Create a home directory for a user based on a custom skeleton:,sudo mkhomedir_helper {{username}} {{umask}} {{path/to/skeleton_directory}}
"List available tests, plans, and stories:",tmt
Initialize tmt files/project structure:,tmt init
Create a new test with a template and a link:,tmt test create --template {{beakerlib}} --link {{verifies:issue#1234}}
"List available tests, plans, or stories:",tmt {{test|plan|story}} ls {{pattern}}
Show detailed test metadata in the given context:,tmt --context {{arch=aarch64}} test show
Validate tmt files against the specification:,tmt lint
Use filter:,tmt tests ls --filter {{tag:foo}} --filter {{tier:0}}
Display help:,tmt --help
Move a running process to your current terminal:,reptyr {{pid}}
List the name and status of all services:,service --status-all
Start/Stop/Restart/Reload service (start/stop should always be available):,service {{service_name}} {{start|stop|restart|reload}}
Do a full restart (runs script twice with start and stop):,service {{service_name}} --full-restart
Show the current status of a service:,service {{service_name}} status
Search for a specific username on social networks saving the results to a file:,sherlock {{username}} --output {{path/to/file}}
Search for specific usernames on social networks saving the results into a directory:,sherlock {{username1 username2 ...}} --folderoutput {{path/to/directory}}
Search for a specific username on social networks using the Tor network:,sherlock --tor {{username}}
Make requests over Tor with a new Tor circuit after each request:,sherlock --unique-tor {{username}}
Search for a specific username on social networks using a proxy:,sherlock {{username}} --proxy {{proxy_url}}
Search for a specific username on social networks and open results in the default web browser:,sherlock {{username}} --browse
Display help:,sherlock --help
List all local system locks:,lslocks
List locks with defined column headers:,"lslocks {{[-o|--output]}} {{PID}},{{COMMAND}},{{PATH}}"
"List locks producing a raw output (no columns), and without column headers:",lslocks {{[-r|--raw]}} {{[-n|--noheadings]}}
List locks by PID input:,lslocks {{[-p|--pid]}} {{PID}}
List locks with JSON output to `stdout`:,lslocks {{[-J|--json]}}
Get the label of a FAT32 partition:,fatlabel {{/dev/sda1}}
Set the label of a FAT32 partition:,"fatlabel {{/dev/sdc3}} ""{{new_label}}"""
Open alpine normally:,alpine
Open alpine directly to the message composition screen to send an email to a given email address:,alpine {{email@example.net}}
Quit alpine:,q + y
Rename files using a Perl Common Regular Expression (substitute 'foo' with 'bar' wherever found):,rename {{'s/foo/bar/'}} {{*}}
Dry-run - display which renames would occur without performing them:,rename {{[-n|--nono]}} {{'s/foo/bar/'}} {{*}}
Force renaming even if the operation would remove existing destination files:,rename {{[-f|--force]}} {{'s/foo/bar/'}} {{*}}
"Convert filenames to lower case (use `-f` in case-insensitive filesystems to prevent ""already exists"" errors):",rename 'y/A-Z/a-z/' {{*}}
Replace whitespace with underscores:,rename 's/\s+/_/g' {{*}}
Start an interactive server setup:,{{path/to/TerrariaServer}}
Start a Terraria server:,{{path/to/TerrariaServer}} -world {{path/to/world.wld}}
Add constant network delay to outbound packages:,sudo tc {{[q|qdisc]}} {{[a|add]}} dev {{eth0}} root netem delay {{delay_in_milliseconds}}ms
Add normal distributed network delay to outbound packages:,sudo tc {{[q|qdisc]}} {{[a|add]}} dev {{eth0}} root netem delay {{mean_delay_ms}}ms {{delay_std_ms}}ms
Add package corruption/loss/duplication to a portion of packages:,sudo tc {{[q|qdisc]}} {{[a|add]}} dev {{eth0}} root netem {{corruption|loss|duplication}} {{effect_percentage}}%
"Limit bandwidth, burst rate and max latency:",sudo tc {{[q|qdisc]}} {{[a|add]}} dev eth0 root tbf rate {{max_bandwidth_mb}}mbit burst {{max_burst_rate_kb}}kbit latency {{max_latency_before_drop_ms}}ms
Show active traffic control policies:,tc {{[q|qdisc]}} {{[s|show]}} dev {{eth0}}
Delete all traffic control rules:,sudo tc {{[q|qdisc]}} {{[d|delete]}} dev {{eth0}}
Change traffic control rule:,sudo tc {{[q|qdisc]}} {{[c|change]}} dev {{eth0}} root netem {{policy}} {{policy_parameters}}
Show the current settings of the system locale and keyboard mapping:,localectl
List available locales:,localectl list-locales
Set a system locale variable:,localectl set-locale {{LANG}}={{en_US.UTF-8}}
List available keymaps:,localectl list-keymaps
Set the system keyboard mapping for the console and X11:,localectl set-keymap {{us}}
View documentation for running `nmcli` as a NetworkManager secret/polkit agent:,tldr nmcli agent
View documentation for managing network connections:,tldr nmcli connection
View documentation for managing network interfaces and establishing new Wi-Fi connections:,tldr nmcli device
View documentation for managing general settings of NetworkManager:,tldr nmcli general
View documentation for NetworkManager's activity monitor:,tldr nmcli monitor
View documentation for enabling/disabling and checking the status of networking:,tldr nmcli networking
View documentation for managing radio switches:,tldr nmcli radio
Connect to a GlobalProtect VPN using a portal server:,gpclient connect {{vpn_gateway_url}}
Disconnect from the currently connected VPN server:,gpclient disconnect
Launch the graphical user interface (GUI) for VPN management:,gpclient launch-gui
Use OpenSSL workaround to bypass legacy renegotiation errors:,gpclient connect --fix-openssl {{vpn_gateway_url}}
Ignore TLS errors during connection:,gpclient connect --ignore-tls-errors {{vpn_gateway_url}}
Display version:,gpclient --version
Display help for any command:,gpclient help {{command}}
"Check filesystem `/dev/sdXN`, reporting any damaged blocks:",sudo fsck {{/dev/sdXN}}
"Check filesystem `/dev/sdXN`, reporting any damaged blocks and interactively letting the user choose to repair each one:",sudo fsck -r {{/dev/sdXN}}
"Check filesystem `/dev/sdXN`, reporting any damaged blocks and automatically repairing them:",sudo fsck -a {{/dev/sdXN}}
View documentation for the original command:,tldr avahi-resolve
"Initialize the bottle (run once, at start):",genie {{[-i|--initialize]}}
Run a login shell inside the bottle:,genie {{[-s|--shell]}}
Run a specified command inside the bottle:,genie {{[-c|--command]}} {{command}}
Visit a website:,links {{https://example.com}}
Apply restrictions for anonymous account:,links -anonymous {{https://example.com}}
Enable Cookies (`1` to enable):,links -enable-cookies {{0|1}} {{https://example.com}}
Navigate forwards and backwards through the links on a page:,{{ArrowUp|ArrowDown}}
Go forwards and backwards one page:,{{ArrowLeft|ArrowRight}}
Exit:,<q><y>
Launch xeyes on the local machine's default display:,xeyes
"Launch xeyes on a remote machine's display 0, screen 0:",xeyes -display {{remote_host}}:{{0}}.{{0}}
Show information for job:,scontrol show job {{job_id}}
Suspend a comma-separated list of running jobs:,"scontrol suspend {{job_id1,job_id2,...}}"
Resume a comma-separated list of suspended jobs:,"scontrol resume {{job_id1,job_id2,...}}"
Hold a comma-separated list of queued jobs (Use `release` command to permit the jobs to be scheduled):,"scontrol hold {{job_id1,job_id2,...}}"
Release a comma-separated list of suspended job:,"scontrol release {{job_id1,job_id2,...}}"
Launch the MOC terminal UI:,mocp
Launch the MOC terminal UI in a specific directory:,mocp {{path/to/directory}}
"Start the MOC server in the background, without launching the MOC terminal UI:",mocp {{[-S|--server]}}
Add a specific song to the play queue while MOC is in the background:,mocp {{[-q|--enqueue]}} {{path/to/audio_file}}
Add songs recursively to the play queue while MOC is in the background:,mocp {{[-a|--append]}} {{path/to/directory}}
Clear the play queue while MOC is in the background:,mocp {{[-c|--clear]}}
Play or stop the currently queued song while MOC is in the background:,mocp --{{play|stop}}
Stop the MOC server while it's in the background:,mocp {{[-x|--exit]}}
Start a new game:,cuyo
Navigate the piece horizontally:,{{<a>|<d>|<ArrowLeft>|<ArrowRight>}}
Turn the piece:,{{<w>|<ArrowUp>}}
Hard drop the piece:,{{<s>|<ArrowDown>}}
View documentation for `libuser-lid`:,tldr libuser-lid
Update debtap database (before the first run):,sudo debtap --update
Convert the specified package:,debtap {{path/to/package.deb}}
"Convert the specified package bypassing all questions, except for editing metadata files:",debtap --quiet {{path/to/package.deb}}
Generate a PKGBUILD file:,debtap --pkgbuild {{path/to/package.deb}}
Print the statuses of all network interfaces:,nmcli device status
Print the available Wi-Fi access points:,nmcli device wifi
Connect to a Wi-Fi network with the specified SSID (you will be prompted for a password):,nmcli --ask device wifi connect {{ssid}}
Print the password and QR code for the current Wi-Fi network:,nmcli device wifi show-password
View documentation for creating containers:,tldr distrobox-create
View documentation for listing container's information:,tldr distrobox-list
View documentation for entering the container:,tldr distrobox-enter
View documentation for executing a command on the host from inside a container:,tldr distrobox-host-exec
View documentation for exporting app/service/binary from the container to the host:,tldr distrobox-export
View documentation for upgrading containers:,tldr distrobox-upgrade
View documentation for stopping the containers:,tldr distrobox-stop
View documentation for removing the containers:,tldr distrobox-rm
List all open file descriptors:,lsfd
List all files kept open by a specific program:,lsfd {{[-Q|--filter]}} 'PID == {{process_ID}}'
Check what program has a specific file open:,"lsfd {{[-Q|--filter]}} ""NAME == '{{/path/to/file}}'"""
List open IPv4 or IPv6 sockets:,lsfd {{-i4|-i6}}
Display help:,lsfd {{[-h|--help]}}
List available profiles:,tuned-adm list
Show the currently active profile:,tuned-adm active
Set a specific tuning profile:,tuned-adm profile {{profile_name}}
Recommend a suitable profile based on the current system:,tuned-adm recommend
Disable tuning:,tuned-adm off
Reboot a virtual machine:,qm reboot {{vm_id}}
Reboot a virtual machine after wait for at most 10 seconds:,qm reboot --timeout {{10}} {{vm_id}}
Set or unset a SELinux boolean. Booleans allow the administrator to customize how policy rules affect confined process types (a.k.a domains):,sudo semanage boolean {{[-m|--modify]}} {{-1|--on|-0|--off}} {{haproxy_connect_any}}
Add a user-defined file context labeling rule. File contexts define what files confined domains are allowed to access:,sudo semanage fcontext {{[-a|--add]}} {{[-t|--type]}} {{samba_share_t}} '/mnt/share(/.*)?'
Add a user-defined port labeling rule. Port labels define what ports confined domains are allowed to listen on:,sudo semanage port {{[-a|--add]}} {{[-t|--type]}} {{ssh_port_t}} {{[-p|--proto]}} {{tcp}} {{22000}}
Set or unset permissive mode for a confined domain. Per-domain permissive mode allows more granular control compared to `setenforce`:,sudo semanage permissive {{-a|--add|-d|--delete}} {{httpd_t}}
Output local customizations in the default store:,sudo semanage export {{[-f|--output_file]}} {{path/to/file}}
Import a file generated by `semanage export` into local customizations (CAREFUL: may remove current customizations!):,sudo semanage import {{[-f|--input_file]}} {{path/to/file}}
"Kill in-progress connections at a specified interface, host and port:",tcpkill -i {{eth1}} host {{192.95.4.27}} and port {{2266}}
Run a program:,pw-v4l2 {{program}}
Display help:,pw-v4l2 -h
Enable a configuration file:,sudo a2enconf {{configuration_file}}
Don't show informative messages:,sudo a2enconf --quiet {{configuration_file}}
Convert an RPM package to a `cpio` archive and save it as `file.cpio` in the current directory:,rpm2cpio {{path/to/file.rpm}}
View network statistics since last time `nstat` was run:,nstat
View all-time network statistics:,nstat {{[-a|--ignore]}}
Display help:,nstat {{[-h|--help]}}
Install a new package:,xbps-install {{package}}
Synchronize and update all packages:,xbps-install {{[-S|--sync]}} {{[-u|--update]}}
View documentation for the original command:,tldr nmtui
Set up a device to boot with GRUB:,grub-bios-setup {{/dev/sdX}}
Install even if problems are detected:,grub-bios-setup --force {{/dev/sdX}}
Install GRUB in a specific directory:,grub-bios-setup --directory={{/boot/grub}} {{/dev/sdX}}
Log in to an Azure Tenant:,azopy login
Upload a local file:,azcopy copy '{{path\to\source_file}}' 'https://{{storage_account_name}}.blob.core.windows.net/{{container_name}}/{{blob_name}}'
Upload files with `.txt` and `.jpg` extensions:,azcopy copy '{{path\to\source_directory}}' 'https://{{storage_account_name}}.blob.core.windows.net/{{container_name}}' --include-pattern '{{*.txt;*.jpg}}'
Copy a container directly between two Azure storage accounts:,azcopy copy 'https://{{source_storage_account_name}}.blob.core.windows.net/{{container_name}}' 'https://{{destination_storage_account_name}}.blob.core.windows.net/{{container_name}}'
Synchronize a local directory and delete files in the destination if they no longer exist in the source:,azcopy sync '{{path\to\source_directory}}' 'https://{{storage_account_name}}.blob.core.windows.net/{{container_name}}' --recursive --delete-destination=true
Display help:,azcopy --help
View documentation for the original `curl` command:,tldr curl -p common
View documentation for PowerShell's `Invoke-WebRequest` command:,tldr invoke-webrequest
"Check whether `curl` is properly installed by printing its version number. If this command evaluates into an error, PowerShell may have substituted this command with `Invoke-WebRequest`:",curl --version
Output processes to a file and to the console:,Get-Process | Tee-Object -FilePath {{path\to\file}}
Output processes to a variable and `Select-Object`:,"Get-Process notepad | Tee-Object -Variable {{proc}} | Select-Object processname,handles"
Start or stop a Windows service synchronously:,net {{start|stop}} {{service}}
Make sure an SMB share is available in the current console:,net use {{\\smb_shared_folder}} /USER:{{username}}
Show the folders currently shared over SMB:,net share
Show who is using your SMB shares (run in elevated console):,net session
Show users in a local security group:,"net localgroup ""{{Administrators}}"""
Add a user to the local security group (run in elevated console):,"net localgroup ""{{Administrators}}"" {{username}} /add"
Display help for a subcommand:,net help {{subcommand}}
Display help:,net help
Print the current directory:,Get-Location
Push a compiled `nupkg` to the specified feed:,choco push --source {{https://push.chocolatey.org/}}
Push a compiled `nupkg` to the specified feed with a timeout in seconds (default is 2700):,choco push --source {{https://push.chocolatey.org/}} --execution-timeout {{500}}
Stop a service on the local computer:,Stop-Service -Name {{service_name}}
Stop a service by using the display name:,"Stop-Service -DisplayName ""{{name}}"""
Stop a service that has dependent services:,Stop-Service -Name {{service_name}} -Force -Confirm
Open Windows Explorer:,explorer
Open Windows Explorer in the current directory:,explorer .
Open Windows Explorer in a specific directory:,explorer {{path\to\directory}}
View the documentation for Microsoft Edge for Windows:,tldr {{[-p|--platform]}} windows msedge
View the documentation for Microsoft Edge for other platforms:,tldr {{[-p|--platform]}} common microsoft-edge
"Import all keys, subkeys and values from a file:",reg import {{path\to\file.reg}}
List all buckets currently in use:,scoop bucket list
List all known buckets:,scoop bucket known
Add a known bucket by its name:,scoop bucket add {{name}}
Add an unknown bucket by its name and Git repository URL:,scoop bucket add {{name}} {{https://example.com/repository.git}}
Remove a bucket by its name:,scoop bucket rm {{name}}
Show the status of a service (no service name will list all services):,sc.exe query {{service_name}}
Start a service asynchronously:,sc.exe create {{service_name}} binpath= {{path\to\service_binary_file}}
Stop a service asynchronously:,sc.exe delete {{service_name}}
Set the type of a service:,sc.exe config {{service_name}} type= {{service_type}}
Take ownership of the specified file:,takeown /f {{path\to\file}}
Take ownership of the specified directory:,takeown /d {{path\to\directory}}
Take ownership of the specified directory and all subdirectories:,takeown /r /d {{path\to\directory}}
Change ownership to the Administrator group instead of the current user:,takeown /a /f {{path\to\file}}
Start an interactive shell session:,cmd
Execute specific [c]ommands:,cmd /c {{echo Hello world}}
Execute a specific script:,cmd {{path\to\script.bat}}
Execute specific commands and then enter an interactive shell:,cmd /k {{echo Hello world}}
Start an interactive shell session where `echo` is disabled in command output:,cmd /q
Start an interactive shell session with delayed [v]ariable expansion enabled or disabled:,cmd /v:{{on|off}}
Start an interactive shell session with command [e]xtensions enabled or disabled:,cmd /e:{{on|off}}
Start an interactive shell session with used [u]nicode encoding:,cmd /u
Display general help information for a specific PowerShell command:,Get-Help {{command}}
Display a more detailed documentation for a specific PowerShell command:,Get-Help {{command}} -Detailed
Display the full technical documentation for a specific PowerShell command:,Get-Help {{command}} -Full
"Print only the documentation for a specific parameter of the PowerShell command (use `*` to show all parameters), if available:",Get-Help {{command}} -Parameter {{parameter}}
"Print only the examples of the cmdlet, if available:",Get-Help {{command}} -Examples
List all available cmdlet help pages:,Get-Help *
Update the current help and documentation knowledge base using `Update-Help`:,Update-Help
View an online version of PowerShell command documentation in the default web browser:,Get-Help {{command}} -Online
[d]isplay the current Windows [l]icense [i]nformation:,slmgr.vbs /dli
[d]isplay the ins[t]allation [i]D for the current device. Useful for offline license activation:,slmgr.vbs /dti
Display the current license's e[xp]i[r]ation date and time:,slmgr.vbs /xpr
[i]nstall a new Windows license [p]roduct [k]ey. Requires Administrator privileges and will override the existing license:,slmgr.vbs /ipk {{product_key}}
[a]c[t]ivate the Windows product license [o]nline. Requires Administrator privileges to do so:,slmgr.vbs /ato
[a]c[t]ivate the Windows [p]roduct license offline. Requires Administrator privileges and an Confirmation ID provided by Microsoft Product Activation Center:,slmgr.vbs /atp {{confirmation_id}}
"[c]lear the current license's [p]roduct [k]e[y] from the Windows Registry. This will not deactivate or uninstall the current license, but prevents the key from being stolen by malicious programs in the future:",slmgr.vbs /cpky
[u]ninstall the current license (by its [p]roduct [k]ey):,slmgr.vbs /upk
View documentation for the original command:,tldr bleachbit_console
Display the current date and time:,Get-Date
Display the current date and time with a .NET format specifier:,"Get-Date -Format ""{{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss}}"""
Display the current date and time in UTC and ISO 8601 format:,(Get-Date).ToUniversalTime()
Convert a Unix timestamp:,Get-Date -UnixTimeSeconds {{1577836800}}
View documentation for the original Command Prompt command:,tldr cd
View documentation for the original PowerShell command:,tldr set-location
Show the current status of time synchronization:,w32tm /query /status /verbose
Show a time offset graph against a time server:,w32tm /stripchart /computer:{{time_server}}
Show an NTP reply from a time server:,w32tm /stripchart /packetinfo /samples:1 /computer:{{time_server}}
Show the state of the currently used time servers:,w32tm /query /peers
Show configuration of the w32time service (run in elevated console):,w32tm /query /configuration
Force time resynchronization immediately (run in elevated console):,w32tm /resync /force
Write w32time debug logs into a file (run in elevated console):,w32tm /debug /enable /file:{{path\to\debug.log}} /size:{{10000000}} /entries:{{0-300}}
View documentation for the original command:,tldr remove-item
View documentation for the original `wget` command:,tldr wget -p common
View documentation for PowerShell's `Invoke-WebRequest` command:,tldr invoke-webrequest
Display version:,wget --version
Display a list of all installed device drivers:,driverquery
Display a list of drivers in the specified format:,driverquery /fo {{table|list|csv}}
Display a list of drivers with a column to indicate if they are signed:,driverquery /si
Exclude the header in the output list:,driverquery /nh
Display a list of drivers for a remote machine:,driverquery /s {{hostname}} /u {{username}} /p {{password}}
Display a list of drivers with verbose information:,driverquery /v
Display help:,driverquery /?
Replace the destination file with the one from the source directory:,replace {{path\to\file_or_directory}} {{path\to\destination_directory}}
Add files to the destination directory instead of replacing existing files:,replace {{path\to\file_or_directory}} {{path\to\destination_directory}} /a
"Interactively copy multiple files, with a prompt before replacing or adding a destination file:",replace {{path\to\file_or_directory}} {{path\to\destination_directory}} /p
Replace even read only files:,replace {{path\to\file_or_directory}} {{path\to\destination_directory}} /r
Wait for you to insert a disk before it replaces files (originally to allow inserting a floppy disk):,replace {{path\to\file_or_directory}} {{path\to\destination_directory}} /w
Replace all files in subdirectories of the destination:,replace {{path\to\file_or_directory}} {{path\to\destination_directory}} /s
Replace only files in the destination directory which are older than the files in the source directory:,replace {{path\to\file_or_directory}} {{path\to\destination_directory}} /u
Display help:,replace /?
Open the current directory in Windows Explorer:,wsl-open {{.}}
Open a URL in the user's default web browser in Windows:,wsl-open {{https://example.com}}
Open a specific file in the user's default application in Windows:,wsl-open {{path\to\file}}
Set `wsl-open` as the shell's web browser (open links with `wsl-open`):,wsl-open -w
Display help:,wsl-open -h
Remove data from the registry for a specified key:,reg unload {{key_name}}
Create a symbolic link to a file:,mklink {{path\to\link_file}} {{path\to\source_file}}
Create a symbolic link to a directory:,mklink /d {{path\to\link_file}} {{path\to\source_directory}}
Create a hard link to a file:,mklink /h {{path\to\link_file}} {{path\to\source_file}}
Create a directory junction:,mklink /j {{path\to\link_file}} {{path\to\source_file}}
Copy the file(s) to the specified destination:,xcopy {{path\to\file_or_directory}} {{path\to\destination_directory}}
List files that will be copied before copying:,xcopy {{path\to\file_or_directory}} {{path\to\destination_directory}} /p
"Copy the directory structure only, excluding files:",xcopy {{path\to\file_or_directory}} {{path\to\destination_directory}} /t
Include empty directories when copying:,xcopy {{path\to\file_or_directory}} {{path\to\destination_directory}} /e
Keep the source ACL in the destination:,xcopy {{path\to\file_or_directory}} {{path\to\destination_directory}} /o
Allow resuming when network connection is lost:,xcopy {{path\to\file_or_directory}} {{path\to\destination_directory}} /z
Disable the prompt when the file exists in the destination:,xcopy {{path\to\file_or_directory}} {{path\to\destination_directory}} /y
Display help:,xcopy /?
View the documentation of the equivalent PowerShell command:,tldr remove-item
Remove an empty directory:,rmdir {{path\to\directory}}
Remove a directory and its contents recursively:,rmdir {{path\to\directory}} /s
Remove a directory and its contents recursively without prompting:,rmdir {{path\to\directory}} /s /q
Display the current port forwarding setup:,netsh interface portproxy show all
Set up IPv4 port forwarding (run in elevated console):,netsh interface portproxy add v4tov4 listenaddress={{192.168.0.1}} listenport={{8080}}  connectaddress={{10.0.0.1}} connectport={{80}}
Remove IPv4 port forwarding (run in elevated console):,netsh interface portproxy delete v4tov4 listenaddress={{192.168.0.1}} listenport={{8080}}
Display help:,netsh interface portproxy
View documentation for the original command:,tldr sc
Clear and delete all items inside the Recycle Bin:,Clear-RecycleBin
Clear the Recycle Bin for a specific drive:,Clear-RecycleBin -DriveLetter {{C}}
Clear the Recycle Bin without further confirmation:,Clear-RecycleBin -Force
Create a package:,octo pack --id={{package}}
Push a package to a repository on the Octopus server:,octo push --package={{package}}
Create a release:,octo create-release --project={{project_name}} --packageversion={{version}}
Deploy a release:,octo deploy-release --project={{project_name}} --packageversion={{version}} --deployto={{environment_name}} --tenant={{deployment_target}}
Search for a file or folder by name:,es {{search_term}}
Search using a regular expression:,es -r {{regex_pattern}}
Match whole words:,es -w {{search_term}}
Limit the number of results shown:,es -n {{10}} {{search_term}}
Search within a specific folder:,es -path {{folder_path}} {{search_term}}
List folders only:,es /ad
List files only:,es /a-d
"Sort results (e.g., by name):",es -sort {{name-ascending}}
Print a summary of the currently installed PowerShell version and edition:,$PSVersionTable
"Get the detailed (major, minor, build, and revision) version number of PowerShell:",$PSVersionTable.PSVersion
List all supported PowerShell script versions that this PowerShell version supports:,$PSVersionTable.PSCompatibleVersions
Get the latest Git commit ID where the currently-installed PowerShell version is based on (works on PowerShell 6.0 and later):,$PSVersionTable.GitCommitId
"Check whether the user is running PowerShell Core (6.0 or later) or the original ""Windows PowerShell"" (version 5.1 or below):",$PSVersionTable.PSEdition
Install a specific version of Node.js:,nvm install {{node_version}}
Set the default version of Node.js (must be run as Administrator):,nvm use {{node_version}}
List all available Node.js versions and highlight the default one:,nvm list
List all remote Node.js versions:,nvm ls-remote
Uninstall a given Node.js version:,nvm uninstall {{node_version}}
List available macros:,doskey /macros
Create a new macro:,"doskey {{name}} = ""{{command}}"""
Create a new macro for a specific executable:,"doskey /exename={{executable}} {{name}} = ""{{command}}"""
Remove a macro:,doskey {{name}} =
Display all commands that are stored in memory:,doskey /history
Save macros to a file for portability:,doskey /macros > {{path\to\macinit_file}}
Load macros from a file:,doskey /macrofile = {{path\to\macinit_file}}
Upgrade one or more packages:,choco upgrade {{package1 package2 ...}}
Upgrade to a specific version of a package:,choco upgrade {{package}} --version {{version}}
Upgrade all packages:,choco upgrade all
Upgrade all except specified comma-separated packages:,"choco upgrade all --except ""{{package1,package2,...}}"""
Confirm all prompts automatically:,choco upgrade {{package}} --yes
Specify a custom source to receive packages from:,choco upgrade {{package}} --source {{source_url|alias}}
Provide a username and password for authentication:,choco upgrade {{package}} --user {{username}} --password {{password}}
Get the current status:,uwfmgr get-config
Set a drive as protected:,uwfmgr volume protect {{drive_letter}}:
Remove a drive from protection list:,uwfmgr volume unprotect {{drive_letter}}:
Enable or disable protection (Applies after reboot):,uwfmgr filter {{enable|disable}}
Commit changes of a file on protected drive:,uwfmgr file commit {{drive_letter:\path\to\file}}
Commit deletion of a file on protected drive:,uwfmgr file commit-delete {{drive_letter:\path\to\file}}
Add an app package:,Add-AppxPackage -Path {{path\to\package.msix}}
Add an app package with dependencies:,Add-AppxPackage -Path {{path\to\package.msix}} -DependencyPath {{path\to\dependencies.msix}}
Install an app using the app installer file:,Add-AppxPackage -AppInstallerFile {{path\to\app.appinstaller}}
Add an unsigned package:,Add-AppxPackage -Path {{path\to\package.msix}} -DependencyPath {{path\to\dependencies.msix}} -AllowUnsigned
Send a message to a specified user or session:,msg {{username|session_name|session_id}} {{message}}
Send a message from `stdin`:,"echo ""{{message}}"" | msg {{username|session_name|session_id}}"
Send a message to a specific server:,msg /server:{{server_name}} {{username|session_name|session_id}}
Send a message to all users of the current machine:,msg *
Set a delay in seconds for a message:,msg /time:{{10}}
Display a list of volumes:,fsutil volume list
Display information about a volume's file system:,fsutil fsInfo volumeInfo {{drive_letter|volume_path}}
Display the current state of the file system auto-repair for all volumes:,fsutil repair state
Display the dirty bit state of all volumes:,fsutil dirty query
Set the dirty bit state of a volume:,fsutil dirty set {{drive_letter|volume_path}}
Find one or more strings in all files:,"findstr ""{{string1 string2 ...}}"" *"
Find one or more strings in a piped command's output:,"{{dir}} | findstr ""{{string1 string2 ...}}"""
Find one or more strings in all files recur[s]ively:,"findstr /s ""{{string1 string2 ...}}"" *"
Find strings using a case-insensitive search:,"findstr /i ""{{string1 string2 ...}}"" *"
Find strings in all files using regular expressions:,"findstr /r ""{{expression}}"" *"
Find a literal string (containing spaces) in all text files:,"findstr /c:""{{string1 string2 ...}}"" *.txt"
Display the line number before each matching line:,"findstr /n ""{{string1 string2 ...}}"" *"
Display only the filenames that contain a match:,"findstr /m ""{{string1 string2 ...}}"" *"
Display information about the usage of the command:,sfc
"Scan all system files and, if possible, repair any problems:",sfc /scannow
Scan all system files without attempting to repair any:,sfc /verifyonly
"Scan a specific file and, if possible, repair any problems:",sfc /scanfile={{path\to\file}}
Scan a specific file without attempting to repair it:,sfc /verifyfile={{path\to\file}}
"When repairing offline, specify the boot directory:",sfc /offbootdir={{path\to\directory}}
"When repairing offline, specify the Windows directory:",sfc /offwindir={{path\to\directory}}
Start a Linux shell (in the default distribution):,wsl {{shell_command}}
Run a Linux command without using a shell:,wsl --exec {{command}} {{command_arguments}}
Specify a particular distribution:,wsl --distribution {{distribution}} {{shell_command}}
List available distributions:,wsl --list
Export a distribution to a `.tar` file:,wsl --export {{distribution}} {{path\to\distro_file.tar}}
Import a distribution from a `.tar` file:,wsl --import {{distribution}} {{path\to\install_location}} {{path/to/distro_file.tar}}
Change the version of wsl used for the specified distribution:,wsl --set-version {{distribution}} {{version}}
Shut down Windows Subsystem for Linux:,wsl --shutdown
List all user credentials:,cmdkey /list
Store credentials for a user that accesses a server:,cmdkey /add:{{server_name}} /user:{{user_name}}
Delete credentials for a specific target:,cmdkey /delete {{target_name}}
Print host information as string:,Get-Alias | Out-String
Convert each object to a string rather than concatenating all the objects into a single string:,Get-Alias | Out-String -Stream
Use the `Width` parameter to prevent truncation:,@{TestKey = ('x' * 200)} | Out-String -Width {{250}}
Go to the specified directory:,Set-Location {{path\to\directory}}
Go to a specific directory in a different drive:,Set-Location {{C}}:{{path\to\directory}}
Go and display the location of specified directory:,Set-Location {{path\to\directory}} -PassThru
Go up to the parent of the current directory:,Set-Location ..
Go to the home directory of the current user:,Set-Location ~
Go back/forward to the previously chosen directory:,Set-Location {{-|+}}
Go to root of current drive:,Set-Location \
Attempt to repair a specified volume:,repair-bde {{C:}}
Attempt to repair a specified volume and output to another volume:,repair-bde {{C:}} {{D:}}
Attempt to repair a specified volume using the provided recovery key file:,repair-bde {{C:}} -RecoveryKey {{path\to\file.bek}}
Attempt to repair a specified volume using the provided numerical recovery password:,repair-bde {{C:}} -RecoveryPassword {{password}}
Attempt to repair a specified volume using the provided password:,repair-bde {{C:}} -Password {{password}}
Attempt to repair a specified volume using the provided key package:,repair-bde {{C:}} -KeyPackage {{path\to\directory}}
Log all output to a specific file:,repair-bde {{C:}} -LogFile {{path\to\file}}
Display help:,repair-bde /?
View documentation of the equivalent PowerShell command:,tldr move-item
Rename a file or directory when the target is not an existing directory:,move {{path\to\source}} {{path\to\target}}
Move a file or directory into an existing directory:,move {{path\to\source}} {{path\to\existing_directory}}
Move a file or directory across drives:,move {{C:\path\to\source}} {{D:\path\to\target}}
Do not prompt for confirmation before overwriting existing files:,move /Y {{path\to\source}} {{path\to\existing_directory}}
"Prompt for confirmation before overwriting existing files, regardless of file permissions:",move /-Y {{path\to\source}} {{path\to\existing_directory}}
Initialize the system partition by using BCD files from the source Windows folder:,bcdboot {{C:\Windows}}
Enable [v]erbose mode:,bcdboot {{C:\Windows}} /v
Specify the volume letter of the [s]ystem partition:,bcdboot {{C:\Windows}} /s {{S:}}
Specify a [l]ocale:,bcdboot {{C:\Windows}} /l {{en-us}}
Specify a [f]irmware type while copying the boot files to a specified volume:,bcdboot {{C:\Windows}} /s {{S:}} /f {{UEFI|BIOS|ALL}}
View documentation for the original command:,tldr choco install
Display information about a specific user:,finger {{user}}@{{host}}
Display information about all users on the specified host:,finger @{{host}}
Display information in a longer format:,finger {{user}}@{{host}} -l
Display help information:,finger /?
Prompt the current user to select a `Y` or `N` choice:,choice
Prompt the current user to select a [c]hoice from a specific set:,choice /c {{AB}}
Prompt the current user to select a choice with a specific [m]essage:,"choice /m ""{{message}}"""
Prompt the current user to select a [c]ase-[s]ensitive [c]hoice from a specific set:,choice /cs /c {{Ab}}
Prompt the current user to select a choice and prefer the [d]efault choice in a specific [t]ime:,choice /t {{5}} /d {{default_choice}}
Display help:,choice /?
Change a display name:,"Set-Service -Name {{hostname}} -DisplayName ""{{name}}"""
Change the startup type of services:,Set-Service -Name {{service_name}} -StartupType {{Automatic}}
Change the description of a service:,"Set-Service -Name {{service_name}} -Description ""{{description}}"""
Display the current system date and prompt to enter a new date (leave empty to keep unchanged):,date
Display the current system date without prompting for a new date:,date /t
Change the current system date to a specific date:,date {{month}}-{{day}}-{{year}}
View documentation for the original command:,tldr sc
View documentation for the original command:,tldr choco uninstall
Delete a specific registry key:,reg delete {{key_name}}
Delete a [v]alue under a specific key:,reg delete {{key_name}} /v {{value}}
Delete [a]ll [v]alues recursively under the specified key:,reg delete {{key_name}} /va
[f]orcefully (without a prompt) delete [a]ll [v]alues recursively under a key:,reg delete {{key_name}} /f /va
Enable a device:,Enable-PnpDevice -InstanceId 'RETRIEVED USING Get-PnpDevice COMMAND'
Enable all disabled PnP devices:,Get-PnpDevice | Where-Object {$_.Problem -eq 22} | Enable-PnpDevice
Enable a device without confirmation:,Enable-PnpDevice -InstanceId 'RETRIEVED USING Get-PnpDevice COMMAND' -Confirm:$False
Dry run of what would happen if the cmdlet runs:,Enable-PnpDevice -InstanceId 'USB\VID_5986&;PID_0266&;MI_00\7&;1E5D3568&;0&;0000' -WhatIf:$True
Open a file in its default program:,Invoke-Item -Path {{path\to\file}}
Open all files inside a directory:,Invoke-Item -Path {{path\to\directory}}\*
Open all PNGs inside a directory:,Invoke-Item -Path {{path\to\directory}}\*.png
Open all files inside a directory containing a specific keyword:,Invoke-Item -Path {{path\to\directory}}\* -Include {{*keyword*}}
Open all files inside a directory except those containing a specific keyword:,Invoke-Item -Path {{path\to\directory}}\* -Exclude {{*keyword*}}
Perform a dry run to determine which files will be opened inside a directory through `Invoke-Item`:,Invoke-Item -Path {{path\to\directory}}\* -WhatIf
Install the module using `Install-Module`:,Install-Module PSWindowsUpdate
List all commands available under the module:,Get-Command -Module PSWindowsUpdate
Install a product key (Note: It replaces the existing key):,cscript ospp.vbs /inpkey:{{product_key}}
Uninstall an installed product key with the last five digits of the product key:,cscript ospp.vbs /unpkey:{{product_key_digits}}
Set a KMS host name:,cscript ospp.vbs /sethst:{{ip|hostname}}
Set a KMS port:,cscript ospp.vbs /setprt:{{port}}
Activate installed Office product keys:,cscript ospp.vbs /act
Display license information for installed product keys:,cscript ospp.vbs /dstatus
Fundamental grammar:,wmic {{alias}} {{where_clause}} {{verb_clause}}
Show brief details about the currently running processes:,wmic process list brief
Show full details about the currently running processes:,wmic process list full
"Access specific fields such as process name, process ID and parent process ID:","wmic process get {{name,processid,parentprocessid}}"
Display information about a specific process:,"wmic process where {{name=""example.exe""}} list full"
Display specific fields for a specific process:,"wmic process where processid={{pid}} get {{name,commandline}}"
Kill a process:,wmic process {{pid}} delete
View documentation for the original command:,tldr get-alias
Get the currently-installed Windows Update Agent version:,Get-WUApiVersion
Send the current configuration data via email (SMTP):,"Get-WUApiVersion -SendReport -PSWUSettings @{SmtpServer=""{{smtp_server}}""; Port={{smtp_port}} From=""{{sender_email}}"" To=""{{receiver_email}}""}"
Display the tree for the current directory:,tree
Display the tree for a specific directory:,tree {{path\to\directory}}
Display the tree for a directory including [f]iles:,tree {{path\to\directory}} /f
Display the tree using [a]SCII characters instead of extended characters:,tree {{path\to\directory}} /a
Show the contents of the current directory:,dir
Show the contents of a given directory:,dir {{path\to\directory}}
"Show the contents of the current directory, including hidden ones:",dir /a
"Show the contents of a given directory, including hidden ones:",dir {{path\to\directory}} /a
"Show a bare list of directories and files, with no additional information:",dir /b
Install a program from its MSI package:,msiexec /package {{path\to\file.msi}}
Install a MSI package from a website:,msiexec /package {{https://example.com/installer.msi}}
Install a MSP patch file:,msiexec /update {{path\to\file.msp}}
Uninstall a program or patch using their respective MSI or MSP file:,msiexec /uninstall {{path\to\file}}
Search for files in the current directory:,forfiles
Search for files in a specific directory:,forfiles /p {{path\to\directory}}
Run the specified command for each file:,"forfiles /c ""{{command}}"""
Search for files using a specific glob mask:,forfiles /m {{glob_pattern}}
Search for files recursively:,forfiles /s
Search for files older than 5 days:,forfiles /d +{{5}}
List currently available sources:,choco source list
Add a new package source:,choco source add --name {{name}} --source {{url}}
Add a new package source with credentials:,choco source add --name {{name}} --source {{url}} --user {{username}} --password {{password}}
Add a new package source with a client certificate:,choco source add --name {{name}} --source {{url}} --cert {{path\to\certificate_file}}
Enable a package source:,choco source enable --name {{name}}
Disable a package source:,choco source disable --name {{name}}
Remove a package source:,choco source remove --name {{name}}
Execute a Chocolatey command:,choco {{command}}
Display help:,choco -?
Display help for a specific command:,choco {{command}} -?
Display version:,choco --version
Change the file system label of a volume identified by drive letter:,"Set-Volume -DriveLetter ""D"" -NewFileSystemLabel ""DataVolume"""
Change the file system label of a volume identified by the system label:,"Set-Volume -FileSystemLabel ""OldLabel"" -NewFileSystemLabel ""NewLabel"""
Modify the properties of a volume using a volume object:,"Set-Volume -InputObject $(Get-Volume -DriveLetter ""E"") -NewFileSystemLabel ""Backup"""
Specify the Data Deduplication mode for the volume:,"Set-Volume -DriveLetter ""D"" -DedupMode Backup"
View documentation for the original command:,tldr invoke-webrequest
Find the path of vcvarsall.bat to set environment variables:,vswhere -products * -latest -prerelease -find **\VC\Auxiliary\Build\vcvarsall.bat
"Find the directory of the x64 MSVC compiler (cl.exe, etc):",vswhere -products * -latest -prerelease -find **\Hostx64\x64\*
"Find the directory of Clang bundled with Visual Studio bundled (clang-cl, clang-tidy, etc):",vswhere -products * -latest -prerelease -find **\Llvm\bin\*
Find the path of `MSBuild.exe`:,vswhere -products * -latest -prerelease -find MSBuild\**\Bin\MSBuild.exe
View documentation for the original command:,tldr chromium
Create a new event with a given ID (1-1000) in the log:,"eventcreate /t {{success|error|warning|information}} /id {{id}} /d ""{{message}}"""
Create an event in a specific event log:,"eventcreate /l {{log_name}} /t {{type}} /id {{id}} /d ""{{message}}"""
Create an event with a specific source:,"eventcreate /so {{source_name}} /t {{type}} /id {{id}} /d ""{{message}}"""
Create an event in a remote machine's event log:,"eventcreate /s {{hostname}} /u {{username}} /p {{password}} /t {{type}} /id {{id}} /d ""{{message}}"""
Get the current time zone:,tzutil /g
Display a list of available time zones:,tzutil /l
Set the system time zone to the specific value:,tzutil /s {{timezone_id}}
View documentation for the original command:,tldr remove-item
Set the console colors to the default values:,color
List available color values and detailed information:,color /?
"Set the console foreground and background to a specific color using hexadecimal numbers (`1-9,a-f`):",color {{foreground_code}}{{background_code}}
Install one or more packages:,choco install {{package1 package2 ...}}
Install packages from a custom configuration file:,choco install {{path\to\packages_file.config}}
Install a specific `nuspec` or `nupkg` file:,choco install {{path\to\file}}
Install a specific version of a package:,choco install {{package}} --version {{version}}
Allow installing multiple versions of a package:,choco install {{package}} --allow-multiple
Confirm all prompts automatically:,choco install {{package}} --yes
Specify a custom source to receive packages from:,choco install {{package}} --source {{source_url|alias}}
Provide a username and password for authentication:,choco install {{package}} --user {{username}} --password {{password}}
Set the title of the current command prompt window:,title {{new_title}}
Terminate a process by its process identifier:,tskill {{process_id}}
Terminate a process by its name:,tskill {{process_name}}
Display currently running processes:,tasklist
Display running processes in a specified output format:,tasklist /fo {{table|list|csv}}
Display running processes using the specified `.exe` or `.dll` file name:,tasklist /m {{module_pattern}}
Display processes running on a remote machine:,tasklist /s {{remote_name}} /u {{username}} /p {{password}}
Display services using each process:,tasklist /svc
Set an environment variable for the current user:,setx {{variable}} {{value}}
Set an environment variable for the current machine:,setx {{variable}} {{value}} /M
Set an environment variable for a user on a remote machine:,setx /s {{hostname}} /u {{username}} /p {{password}} {{variable}} {{value}}
Set an environment variable from a registry key value:,setx {{variable}} /k {{registry\key\path}}
List all available packages for download:,pipwin list
Search packages:,pipwin search {{partial_name|name}}
Install a package:,pipwin install {{package}}
Uninstall a package:,pipwin uninstall {{package}}
Download a package to a specific directory:,pipwin download --dest {{path\to\directory}} {{package}}
Install packages according to `requirements.txt`:,pipwin install --file {{path\to\requirements.txt}}
Compare all values under a specific key with another key:,reg compare {{key_name1}} {{key_name2}}
Compare a specific [v]alue under two keys:,reg compare {{key_name1}} {{key_name2}} /v {{value}}
Compare all [s]ubkeys and values for two keys:,reg compare {{key_name1}} {{key_name2}} /s
Only [o]utput the matches ([s]ame) between the specified keys:,reg compare {{key_name1}} {{key_name2}} /os
[o]utput the differences and matches ([a]ll) between the specified keys:,reg compare {{key_name1}} {{key_name2}} /oa
"Compare two keys, [o]utputting [n]othing:",reg compare {{key_name1}} {{key_name2}} /on
View documentation for the original command:,tldr choco push
Uninstall one or more packages:,choco uninstall {{package1 package2 ...}}
Uninstall a specific version of a package:,choco uninstall {{package}} --version {{version}}
Confirm all prompts automatically:,choco uninstall {{package}} --yes
Remove all dependencies when uninstalling:,choco uninstall {{package}} --remove-dependencies
Uninstall all packages:,choco uninstall all
Load a backup file into the specified key:,reg load {{key_name}} {{path\to\file.hiv}}
Get list of update history:,Get-WUHistory
List the last 10 installed updates:,Get-WUHistory -Last {{10}}
List all updates installed from a specific date to today:,Get-WUHistory -MaxDate {{date}}
List all updates installed in the past 24 hours:,Get-WUHistory -MaxDate (Get-Date).AddDays(-1)
Send the results via email (SMTP):,"Get-WUHistory -SendReport -PSWUSettings @{SmtpServer=""{{smtp_server}}""; Port={{smtp_port}} From=""{{sender_email}}"" To=""{{receiver_email}}""}"
View documentation for the original command:,tldr new-item
Delete files with 3 [p]asses:,sdelete -p 3 {{path\to\file1 path\to\file2 ...}}
Delete folders and its [s]ubdirectories with 1 pass (default):,sdelete -s {{path\to\directory1 path\to\directory2 ...}}
Clean the free space of volume D: with 3 [p]asses:,sdelete -p 3 D:
"Clean the free space with [z]eros of physical disk 2, which should not contain any volumes to be cleaned:",sdelete -z 2
Package a NuGet specification to a `nupkg` file:,choco pack {{path\to\specification_file}}
Package a NuGet specification specifying the version of the resulting file:,choco pack {{path\to\specification_file}} --version {{version}}
Package a NuGet specification to a specific directory:,choco pack {{path\to\specification_file}} --output-directory {{path\to\output_directory}}
Test a connection and display detailed results:,Test-NetConnection -InformationLevel Detailed
Test a connection to a remote host using the specified port number:,Test-NetConnection -ComputerName {{ip_or_hostname}} -Port {{port_number}}
Display the current version number:,ver
Display all exported filesystems:,showmount -e
Display all NFS clients and their mounted directories:,showmount -a
Display all NFS mounted directories:,showmount -d
Display all exported filesystems for a remote server:,showmount -e {{server_address}}
List active associations:,subst
Add an association:,subst {{Z:}} {{C:\Python2.7}}
Remove an association:,subst {{Z:}} /d
Display a list of outdated packages in table format:,choco outdated
Ignore pinned packages in the output:,choco outdated --ignore-pinned
Specify a custom source to check packages from:,choco outdated --source {{source_url|alias}}
Provide a username and password for authentication:,choco outdated --user {{username}} --password {{password}}
Remove specific files or registry keys (without subkeys):,"Remove-Item {{path\to\file_or_key1 , path\to\file_or_key2 ...}}"
Remove hidden or read-only files:,"Remove-Item -Force {{path\to\file1 , path\to\file2 ...}}"
Remove specific files or registry keys interactively prompting before each removal:,"Remove-Item -Confirm {{path\to\file_or_key1 , path\to\file_or_key2 ...}}"
Remove specific files and directories recursively (Windows 10 version 1909 or later):,"Remove-Item -Recurse {{path\to\file_or_directory1 , path\to\file_or_directory2 ...}}"
Remove specific Windows registry keys and all its subkeys:,"Remove-Item -Recurse {{path\to\key1 , path\to\key2 ...}}"
Perform a dry run of the deletion process:,"Remove-Item -WhatIf {{path\to\file1 , path\to\file2 ...}}"
Display system configuration for the local machine:,systeminfo
Display system configuration in a specified output format:,systeminfo /fo {{table|list|csv}}
Display system configuration for a remote machine:,systeminfo /s {{remote_name}} /u {{username}} /p {{password}}
Display help:,systeminfo /?
"Install a module, or update it to the latest available version:",Install-Module {{module}}
Install a module with a specific version:,Install-Module {{module}} -RequiredVersion {{version}}
Install a module no earlier than a specific version:,Install-Module {{module}} -MinimumVersion {{version}}
Specify a range of supported versions (inclusive) of the required module:,Install-Module {{module}} -MinimumVersion {{minimum_version}} -MaximumVersion {{maximum_version}}
Install module from a specific repository:,Install-Module {{module}} -Repository {{repository}}
Install module from specific repositories:,"Install-Module {{module}} -Repository {{repository1 , repository2 , ...}}"
Install the module for all/current user:,Install-Module {{module}} -Scope {{AllUsers|CurrentUser}}
"Perform a dry run to determine which modules will be installed, upgraded, or removed through `Install-Module`:",Install-Module {{module}} -WhatIf
Display a list of sources and their API keys:,choco apikey
Display a specific source and its API key:,"choco apikey --source ""{{source_url}}"""
Set an API key for a source:,"choco apikey --source ""{{source_url}}"" --key ""{{api_key}}"""
Remove an API key for a source:,"choco apikey --source ""{{source_url}}"" --remove"
Sort the current directory by name:,Get-ChildItem | Sort-Object
Sort the current directory by name descending:,Get-ChildItem | Sort-Object -Descending
Sort items removing duplicates:,"""a"", ""b"", ""a"" | Sort-Object -Unique"
Sort the current directory by file length:,Get-ChildItem | Sort-Object -Property Length
Sort processes with the highest memory usage based on their working set (WS) size:,Get-Process | Sort-Object -Property WS
Display the recorded number of calls made to the NFS server:,nfsstat
Reset the recorded number of calls made to the NFS server:,nfsstat -z
Start an interactive shell session:,powershell
Start an interactive shell session without loading startup configs:,powershell -NoProfile
Execute specific commands:,"powershell -Command ""{{echo 'powershell is executed'}}"""
Execute a specific script:,powershell -File {{path/to/script.ps1}}
Start a session with a specific version of PowerShell:,powershell -Version {{version}}
Prevent a shell from exit after running startup commands:,powershell -NoExit
Describe the format of data sent to PowerShell:,powershell -InputFormat {{Text|XML}}
Determine how an output from PowerShell is formatted:,powershell -OutputFormat {{Text|XML}}
Create a directory:,mkdir {{path\to\directory}}
Create a nested directory tree recursively:,mkdir {{path\to\sub_directory}}
View documentation for the original Command Prompt command:,tldr rmdir
View documentation for the original PowerShell command:,tldr remove-item
Compile an Inno Setup script:,iscc {{path\to\file.iss}}
Quietly compile an Inno Setup installer:,iscc /Q {{path\to\file.iss}}
Compile a signed Inno Setup installer:,iscc /S={{name}}={{command}} {{path\to\file.iss}}
Start the graphical user interface (GUI) version of Bleachbit:,bleachbit_console.exe --gui
Shred a file:,bleachbit_console.exe --shred {{path/to/file}}
List available cleaner options:,bleachbit_console.exe --list-cleaners
Preview the files that will be deleted and other changes that will be made before actually performing the clean-up operation:,bleachbit_console.exe --preview {{--preset|cleaner1.option1 cleaner2.* ...}}
Perform the clean-up operation and delete files:,bleachbit_console.exe --clean {{--preset|cleaner1.option1 cleaner2.* ...}}
Display the current Windows To Go status:,pwlauncher
Enable or disable the Windows To Go startup options:,pwlauncher /{{enable|disable}}
"Save a registry key, its subkeys and values to a specific file:",reg save {{key_name}} {{path\to\file.hiv}}
Forcefully (assuming [y]es) overwrite an existing file:,reg save {{key_name}} {{path\to\file.hiv}} /y
View documentation for the original command:,tldr sdelete
Sign an RDP file:,rdpsign {{path\to\file.rdp}}
Sign an RDP file using a specific sha256 hash:,rdpsign {{path\to\file.rdp}} /sha265 {{hash}}
Enable quiet output:,rdpsign {{path\to\file.rdp}} /q
"Display verbose warnings, messages and statuses:",rdpsign {{path\to\file.rdp}} /v
Test the signing by displaying the output to `stdout` without updating the file:,rdpsign {{path\to\file.rdp}} /l
Trace a route:,tracert {{IP}}
Prevent `tracert` from resolving IP addresses to hostnames:,tracert /d {{IP}}
Force `tracert` to use IPv4 only:,tracert /4 {{IP}}
Force `tracert` to use IPv6 only:,tracert /6 {{IP}}
Specify the maximum number of hops in the search for the target:,tracert /h {{max_hops}} {{IP}}
Display help:,tracert /?
Export all subkeys and values of a specific key:,reg export {{key_name}} {{path\to\file.reg}}
Forcefully (assuming [y]es) overwrite of an existing file:,reg export {{key_name}} {{path\to\file.reg}} /y
Download the contents of a URL to a file:,Invoke-WebRequest {{http://example.com}} -OutFile {{path\to\file}}
Send form-encoded data (POST request of type `application/x-www-form-urlencoded`):,Invoke-WebRequest -Method Post -Body @{ name='bob' } {{http://example.com/form}}
"Send a request with an extra header, using a custom HTTP method:",Invoke-WebRequest -Headers {{@{ X-My-Header = '123' }}} -Method {{PUT}} {{http://example.com}}
"Send data in JSON format, specifying the appropriate content-type header:","Invoke-WebRequest -Body {{'{""name"":""bob""}'}} -ContentType 'application/json' {{http://example.com/users/1234}}"
Pass a username and password for server authentication:,"Invoke-WebRequest -Headers @{ Authorization = ""Basic ""+ [System.Convert]::ToBase64String([System.Text.Encoding]::ASCII.GetBytes(""myusername:mypassword"")) } {{http://example.com}}"
Display all values of a key:,reg query {{key_name}}
Display a specific [v]alue of a key:,reg query {{key_name}} /v {{value}}
Display all values of a key and its [s]ubkeys:,reg query {{key_name}} /s
Search [f]or keys and values matching a specific pattern:,"reg query {{key_name}} /f ""{{query_pattern}}"""
Display a value of a key matching a specified data [t]ype:,reg query {{key_name}} /t REG_{{SZ|MULTI_SZ|EXPAND_SZ|DWORD|BINARY|NONE}}
Only search in [d]ata:,reg query {{key_name}} /d
Only search in [k]ey names:,"reg query {{key_name}} /f ""{{query_pattern}}"" /k"
[c]ase-sensitively search for an [e]xact match:,reg query {{key_name}} /c /e
Stop a process and wait:,Stop-Process -Id {{process_id}}; Wait-Process -Id {{process_id}}
Wait for processes for a specified time:,Wait-Process -Name {{process_name}} -Timeout {{30}}
Compare 2 specified files:,fc {{path\to\file1}} {{path\to\file2}}
Perform a case-insensitive comparison:,fc /c {{path\to\file1}} {{path\to\file2}}
Compare files as Unicode text:,fc /u {{path\to\file1}} {{path\to\file2}}
Compare files as ASCII text:,fc /l {{path\to\file1}} {{path\to\file2}}
Compare files as binary:,fc /b {{path\to\file1}} {{path\to\file2}}
Disable tab-to-space expansion:,fc /t {{path\to\file1}} {{path\to\file2}}
Compress whitespace (tabs and spaces) for comparisons:,fc /w {{path\to\file1}} {{path\to\file2}}
Filter aliases by its name:,Get-Alias | Where-Object -{{Property}} {{Name}} -{{eq}} {{name}}
List all services that are currently stopped. The `$_` automatic variable represents each object that is passed to the `Where-Object` cmdlet:,"Get-Service | Where-Object {$_.Status -eq ""Stopped""}"
Use multiple conditions:,"Get-Module -ListAvailable | Where-Object { $_.Name -NotLike ""Microsoft*"" -And $_.Name -NotLike ""PS*"" }"
"Specify the drive letter (followed by a colon), mount point, or volume name to check:",chkdsk {{volume}}
Fix errors on a specific volume:,chkdsk {{volume}} /f
Dismount a specific volume before checking:,chkdsk {{volume}} /x
Change the log file size to the specified size (only for NTFS):,chkdsk /l{{size}}
Display information about a specific encrypted file or directory:,cipher /c:{{path\to\file_or_directory}}
[e]ncrypt a file or directory (files added later to the directory are also encrypted as the directory is marked):,cipher /e:{{path\to\file_or_directory}}
[d]ecrypt a file or directory:,cipher /d:{{path\to\file_or_directory}}
Securely remove a file or directory:,cipher /w:{{path\to\file_or_directory}}
Quit the current CMD instance:,exit
Quit the current [b]atch script:,exit /b
Quit using a specific exit code:,exit {{2}}
Switch to directory at the top of the stack:,popd
"Mount a share to the ""Z"" drive letter:",mount \\{{computer_name}}\{{share_name}} {{Z:}}
Mount a share to the next available drive letter:,mount \\{{computer_name}}\{{share_name}} *
"Mount a share with a read timeout in seconds (defaults to 0.8, can be 0.9 or 1 to 60):",mount -o timeout={{seconds}} \\{{computer_name}}\{{share_name}} {{Z:}}
Mount a share and retry up to 10 times if it fails:,mount -o retry=10 \\{{computer_name}}\{{share_name}} {{Z:}}
Mount a share with forced case sensitivity:,mount -o casesensitive \\{{computer_name}}\{{share_name}} {{Z:}}
Mount a share as an anonymous user:,mount -o anon \\{{computer_name}}\{{share_name}} {{Z:}}
Mount a share using a specific mount type:,mount -o mtype={{soft|hard}} \\{{computer_name}}\{{share_name}} {{Z:}}
Copy a security descriptor from one file to another:,$OriginAcl = Get-Acl -Path {{path\to\file}}; Set-Acl -Path {{path\to\file}} -AclObject $OriginAcl
Use the pipeline operator to pass a descriptor:,Get-Acl -Path {{path\to\file}} | Set-Acl -Path {{path\to\file}}
Rename a file or directory when the target is not an existing directory:,Move-Item {{path\to\source}} {{path\to\target}}
Move a file or directory into an existing directory:,Move-Item {{path\to\source}} {{path\to\existing_directory}}
Rename or move file(s) with specific name (do not treat special characters inside strings):,"Move-Item -LiteralPath ""{{path\to\source}}"" {{path\to\file_or_directory}}"
"Move multiple files into an existing directory, keeping the filenames unchanged:","Move-Item {{path\to\source1 , path\to\source2 ...}} {{path\to\existing_directory}}"
Move or rename registry key(s):,"Move-Item {{path\to\source_key1 , path\to\source_key2 ...}} {{path\to\new_or_existing_key}}"
Do not prompt for confirmation before overwriting existing files or registry keys:,mv -Force {{path\to\source}} {{path\to\target}}
"Prompt for confirmation before overwriting existing files, regardless of file permissions:",mv -Confirm {{path\to\source}} {{path\to\target}}
"Move files in dry-run mode, showing files and directories which could be moved without executing them:",mv -WhatIf {{path\to\source}} {{path\to\target}}
Search for a package:,choco search {{query}}
Search for a package locally:,choco search {{query}} --local-only
Only include exact matches in the results:,choco search {{query}} --exact
Confirm all prompts automatically:,choco search {{query}} --yes
Specify a custom source to search for packages in:,choco search {{query}} --source {{source_url|alias}}
Provide a username and password for authentication:,choco search {{query}} --user {{username}} --password {{password}}
Terminate a process by its ID:,taskkill /pid {{process_id}}
Terminate a process by its name:,taskkill /im {{process_name}}
Forcefully terminate a specified process:,taskkill /pid {{process_id}} /f
Terminate a process and its child processes:,taskkill /im {{process_name}} /t
Terminate a process on a remote machine:,taskkill /pid {{process_id}} /s {{remote_name}}
Display information about the usage of the command:,taskkill /?
Install a specific profile:,"cmstp ""{{path\to\profile_file}}"""
Install without creating a desktop shortcut:,"cmstp /ns ""{{path\to\profile_file}}"""
Install without checking for dependencies:,"cmstp /nf ""{{path\to\profile_file}}"""
Only install for the current user:,"cmstp /su ""{{path\to\profile_file}}"""
Install for all users (requires administrator privileges):,"cmstp /au ""{{path\to\profile_file}}"""
Install silently without any prompts:,"cmstp /s ""{{path\to\profile_file}}"""
Uninstall a specific profile:,"cmstp /u ""{{path\to\profile_file}}"""
Uninstall silently without a confirmation prompt:,"cmstp /u /s ""{{path\to\profile_file}}"""
Open a specific URL or file:,msedge {{https://example.com|path/to/file.html}}
Open in InPrivate mode:,msedge --inprivate {{example.com}}
Open in a new window:,msedge --new-window {{example.com}}
"Open in application mode (without toolbars, URL bar, buttons, etc.):",msedge --app={{https://example.com}}
Use a proxy server:,"msedge --proxy-server=""{{socks5://hostname:66}}"" {{example.com}}"
Open with a custom profile directory:,msedge --user-data-dir={{path/to/directory}}
Open without CORS validation (useful to test an API):,msedge --user-data-dir={{path/to/directory}} --disable-web-security
Open with a DevTools window for each tab opened:,msedge --auto-open-devtools-for-tabs
View the documentation of the equivalent PowerShell command:,tldr clear-host
Clear the screen:,cls
Switch to directory and push it on the stack:,pushd {{path\to\directory}}
Display active TCP connections:,netstat
Display all active TCP connections and the TCP and UDP ports on which the computer is listening:,netstat -a
"Display network adapter statistics, such as the number of bytes and packets sent and received:",netstat -e
Display active TCP connections and express addresses and port numbers numerically:,netstat -n
Display active TCP connections and include the process ID (PID) for each connection:,netstat -o
Display the contents of the IP routing table:,netstat -r
Display statistics by protocol:,netstat -s
Display a list of currently open ports and related IP addresses:,netstat -an
Enable a specific Windows feature:,fondue /enable-feature:{{feature}}
Hide all output messages to the user:,fondue /enable-feature:{{feature}} /hide-ux:all
Specify a caller process name for error reporting:,fondue /enable-feature:{{feature}} /caller-name:{{name}}
Find lines that contain a specified string:,"find ""{{string}}"" {{path\to\file_or_directory}}"
Display lines that do not contain the specified string:,"find ""{{string}}"" {{path\to\file_or_directory}} /v"
Display the count of lines that contain the specified string:,"find ""{{string}}"" {{path\to\file_or_directory}} /c"
Display line numbers with the list of lines:,"find ""{{string}}"" {{path\to\file_or_directory}} /n"
Execute a command using `cmd` in a remote shell:,psexec \\{{remote_host}} cmd
Execute a command on a remote host (pre-authenticated):,psexec \\{{remote_host}} -u {{user_name}} -p {{password}}
Execute a command remotely and output the result to a file:,psexec \\{{remote_host}} cmd /c {{command}} -an ^>{{path\to\file.txt}}
Execute a program to interact with users:,psexec \\{{remote_host}} -d -i {{program_name}}
Display the IP configuration of the remote host:,psexec \\{{remote_host}} ipconfig /all
Display all set attributes of files in the current directory:,attrib
Display all set attributes of files in a specific directory:,attrib {{path\to\directory}}
Display all set attributes of files and [d]irectories in the current directory:,attrib /d
Display all set attributes of files in the current directory and [s]ub-directories:,attrib /s
Add the `[r]ead-only` or `[a]rchive` or `[s]ystem` or `[h]idden` or `not content [i]ndexed` attribute to files or directories:,attrib +{{r|a|s|h|i}} {{path\to\file_or_directory1 path\to\file_or_directory2 ...}}
Remove a specific attribute of files or directories:,attrib -{{r|a|s|h|i}} {{path\to\file_or_directory1 path\to\file_or_directory2 ...}}
List all aliases in the current session:,Get-Alias
Get the aliased command name:,Get-Alias {{command_alias}}
List all aliases assigned to a specific command:,Get-Alias -Definition {{command}}
"List aliases that begins with `abc`, excluding those which ends at `def`:",Get-Alias {{abc}}* -Exclude *{{def}}
Start a service by using its name:,Start-Service -Name {{service_name}}
Display information without starting a service:,Start-Service -DisplayName *{{name}}* -WhatIf
Start a disabled service:,Set-Service {{service_name}} -StartupType {{manual}}; Start-Service {{service_name}}
Pipe command-line output to the Windows clipboard:,{{dir}} | clip
Copy the contents of a file to the Windows clipboard:,clip < {{path\to\file.ext}}
Copy text with a trailing newline to the Windows clipboard:,echo {{some text}} | clip
Copy text without a trailing newline to the Windows clipboard:,"echo | set /p=""some text"" | clip"
Test if a string from `stdin` is in JSON format:,'{{string}}' | Test-Json
Test if a string JSON format:,Test-Json -Json '{{json_to_test}}'
Test if a string from `stdin` matches a specific schema file:,'{{string}}' | Test-Json -SchemaFile {{path\to\schema_file.json}}
View documentation for the original command:,tldr select-string
Clear the screen:,cls
Get Data Deduplication information of the drive:,Get-DedupProperties -DriveLetter 'C'
Get Data Deduplication information of the drive using the drive label:,Get-DedupProperties -FileSystemLabel 'Label'
Get Data Dedpulication information of the drive using the input object:,Get-DedupProperties -InputObject $(Get-Volume -DriveLetter 'E')
Execute given commands for the specified set:,for %{{variable}} in ({{item_a item_b item_c}}) do ({{echo Loop is executed}})
Iterate over a given range of numbers:,"for /l %{{variable}} in ({{from}}, {{step}}, {{to}}) do ({{echo Loop is executed}})"
Iterate over a given list of files:,for %{{variable}} in ({{path\to\file1.ext path\to\file2.ext ...}}) do ({{echo Loop is executed}})
Iterate over a given list of directories:,for /d %{{variable}} in ({{path\to\directory1.ext path\to\directory2.ext ...}}) do ({{echo Loop is executed}})
Perform a given command in every directory:,for /d %{{variable}} in (*) do (if exist %{{variable}} {{echo Loop is executed}})
View documentation for the equivalent Command Prompt command:,tldr cd
View documentation for the original PowerShell command:,tldr get-location
Display the location of file pattern:,where {{file_pattern}}
Display the location of file pattern including file size and date:,where /T {{file_pattern}}
Recursively search for file pattern at specified path:,where /R {{path\to\directory}} {{file_pattern}}
Silently return the error code for the location of the file pattern:,where /Q {{file_pattern}}
Run diskpart by itself in an administrative command prompt to enter its command-line:,diskpart
List all disks:,list disk
Select a volume:,select volume {{volume}}
Assign a drive letter to the selected volume:,assign letter {{letter}}
Create a new partition:,create partition primary
Activate the selected volume:,active
Exit diskpart:,exit
Print a text file to the default printer:,print {{path\to\file}}
Print a text file to a specific printer:,print /d:{{printer}} {{path\to\file}}
Remove an app package:,Remove-AppxPackage {{package}}
Remove an app package for a specific user:,Remove-AppxPackage {{package}} -User {{username}}
Remove an app package for all users:,Remove-AppxPackage {{package}} -AllUsers
Remove an app package but preserve it's app data:,Remove-AppxPackage {{package}} -PreserveApplicationData
Uncompress a single-file Cabinet file to the specified directory:,expand {{path\to\file.cab}} {{path\to\directory}}
Display the list of files in a source Cabinet file:,expand {{path\to\file.cab}} {{path\to\directory}} -d
Uncompress all files from the Cabinet file:,expand {{path\to\file.cab}} {{path\to\directory}} -f:*
Uncompress a specific file from a Cabinet file:,expand {{path\to\file.cab}} {{path\to\directory}} -f:{{path\to\file}}
"Ignore the directory structure when uncompressing, and add them to a single directory:",expand {{path\to\file.cab}} {{path\to\directory}} -i
Display information on a specific package:,choco info {{package}}
Display information for a local package only:,choco info {{package}} --local-only
Specify a custom source to receive packages information from:,choco info {{package}} --source {{source_url|alias}}
Provide a username and password for authentication:,choco info {{package}} --user {{username}} --password {{password}}
Display a list of available features:,choco feature list
Enable a feature:,choco feature enable --name {{name}}
Disable a feature:,choco feature disable --name {{name}}
List all programs registered on the local computer:,rpcinfo
List all programs registered on a remote computer:,rpcinfo /p {{computer_name}}
Call a specific program on a remote computer using TCP:,rpcinfo /t {{computer_name}} {{program_name}}
Call a specific program on a remote computer using UDP:,rpcinfo /u {{computer_name}} {{program_name}}
Display the contents of a specific file:,type {{path\to\file}}
Overwrite a specified key with data from a backup file:,reg restore {{key_name}} {{path\to\file.hiv}}
Create a new blank file (equivalent to `touch`):,New-Item {{path\to\file}}
Create a new directory:,New-Item -ItemType Directory {{path\to\directory}}
Write a new text file with specified content:,New-Item {{path\to\file}} -Value {{content}}
Write the same text file in multiple locations:,"New-Item {{path\to\file1 , path\to\file2 , ...}} -Value {{content}}"
Create a symbolic link\hard link\junction to a file or directory:,New-Item -ItemType {{SymbolicLink|HardLink|Junction}} -Path {{path\to\link_file}} -Target {{path\to\source_file_or_directory}}
"Create a new blank registry entry (in REG_SZ, use `New-ItemProperty` or `Set-ItemProperty` to fine-tune the value type):",New-Item {{path\to\registry_key}}
Create a new blank registry entry with specified value:,New-Item {{path\to\registry_key}} -Value {{value}}
Display the ACL for a specific directory:,Get-Acl {{path\to\directory}}
Get an ACL for a registry key:,Get-Acl -Path {{HKLM:\System\CurrentControlSet\Control}} | Format-List
View documentation for the original command:,tldr clear-host
View documentation for the original command:,tldr Where-Object
Display the current path:,path
Set the path to one or more semicolon-separated directories:,path {{path\to\directory1 path\to\directory2 ...}}
Append a new directory to the original path:,path {{path\to\directory}};%path%
Set command prompt to only search the current directory for executables:,path ;
Count the files and folders in a directory:,Get-ChildItem | Measure-Object
Pipe input to Measure-Command (objects that are piped to `Measure-Command` are available to the script block that is passed to the Expression parameter):,"""One"", ""Two"", ""Three"", ""Four"" | Set-Content -Path ""{{path\to\file}}""; Get-Content ""{{path\to\file}}""; | Measure-Object -Character -Line -Word"
Compile the specified source file into an executable with the same name:,pabcnetcclear {{path\to\source_file.pas}}
Compile the specified source file into an executable with the specified name:,pabcnetcclear /Output:{{path\to\_file.exe}} {{path\to\source_file.pas}}
Compile the specified source file into an executable with the same name along with/without debug information:,pabcnetcclear /Debug:{{0|1}} {{path\to\source_file.pas}}
Allow units to be searched in the specified path while compiling the source file into an executable with the same name:,pabcnetcclear /SearchDir:{{path\to\directory}} {{path\to\source_file.pas}}
"Compile the specified source file into an executable, defining a symbol:",pabcnetcclear /Define:{{symbol}} {{path\to\source_file.pas}}
Display a list of all file types:,ftype
Display the associated program for a specific file type:,ftype {{file_type}}
Set the associated program for a specific file type:,"ftype {{file_type}}=""{{path/to/executable_file}}"""
Get the current Windows Update Agent configuration:,Get-WUSettings
Send the current configuration data via email (SMTP):,"Get-WUSettings -SendReport -PSWUSettings @{SmtpServer=""{{smtp_server}}""; Port={{smtp_port}} From=""{{sender_email}}"" To=""{{receiver_email}}""}"
Connect to a remote FTP server interactively:,ftp {{host}}
Log in as an anonymous user:,ftp -A {{host}}
Disable automatic login upon initial connection:,ftp -n {{host}}
Run a file containing a list of FTP commands:,ftp -s:{{path\to\file}} {{host}}
Download multiple files (glob expression):,mget {{*.png}}
Upload multiple files (glob expression):,mput {{*.zip}}
Delete multiple files on the remote server:,mdelete {{*.txt}}
Display help:,ftp --help
Copy a registry key to a new registry location:,reg copy {{old_key_name}} {{new_key_name}}
Copy a registry key recursively (with all [s]ubkeys) to a new registry location:,reg copy {{old_key_name}} {{new_key_name}} /s
[f]orcefully (without a prompt) copy a registry key:,reg copy {{old_key_name}} {{new_key_name}} /f
Install a package:,scoop install {{package}}
Remove a package:,scoop uninstall {{package}}
Update all installed packages:,scoop update --all
List installed packages:,scoop list
Display information about a package:,scoop info {{package}}
Search for a package:,scoop search {{package}}
Remove old versions of all packages and clear the download cache:,scoop cleanup --cache --all
Display the current system time and prompt to enter a new time (leave empty to keep unchanged):,time
Display the current system time without prompting for a new time:,time /t
Display paginated output from `stdin`:,{{echo test}} | more
Display paginated output from one or more files:,more {{path\to\file}}
Convert tabs to the specified number of spaces:,more {{path\to\file}} /t{{spaces}}
Clear the screen before displaying the page:,more {{path\to\file}} /c
Display the output starting at line 5:,more {{path\to\file}} +{{5}}
Enable extended interactive mode (see help for usage):,more {{path\to\file}} /e
Display help:,more /?
View documentation for the original command:,tldr sc
Display the username of the current user:,whoami
Display the groups that the current user is a member of:,whoami /groups
Display the privileges of the current user:,whoami /priv
Display the user principal name (UPN) of the current user:,whoami /upn
Display the logon ID of the current user:,whoami /logonid
Display all information for the current user:,whoami /all
Open a specific URL or file:,chromium {{https://example.com|path/to/file.html}}
Open in incognito mode (use `--inprivate` for Microsoft Edge):,{{chromium --incognito|msedge --inprivate}} {{example.com}}
Open in a new window:,chromium --new-window {{example.com}}
"Open in application mode (without toolbars, URL bar, buttons, etc.):",chromium --app={{https://example.com}}
Use a proxy server:,"chromium --proxy-server=""{{socks5://hostname:66}}"" {{example.com}}"
Open with a custom profile directory:,chromium --user-data-dir={{path/to/directory}}
Open without CORS validation (useful to test an API):,chromium --user-data-dir={{path/to/directory}} --disable-web-security
Open with a DevTools window for each tab opened:,chromium --auto-open-devtools-for-tabs
Compare files interactively:,comp
Compare two specified files:,comp {{path\to\file1}} {{path\to\file2}}
Compare two sets of files:,comp {{path\to\directory1}}\* {{path\to\directory2}}\*
Display differences in [d]ecimal format:,comp /d {{path\to\file1}} {{path\to\file2}}
Display differences in [a]SCII format:,comp /a {{path\to\file1}} {{path\to\file2}}
Display [l]ine numbers for differences:,comp /l {{path\to\file1}} {{path\to\file2}}
Compare files [c]ase-insensitively:,comp /c {{path\to\file1}} {{path\to\file2}}
Compare only the first 5 lines of each file:,comp /n=5 {{path\to\file1}} {{path\to\file2}}
View the documentation of the equivalent PowerShell command:,tldr remove-item
Delete one or more files or patterns:,del {{file_pattern1 file_pattern2 ...}}
Prompt for confirmation before deleting each file:,del {{file_pattern}} /p
Force the deletion of read-only files:,del {{file_pattern}} /f
Recursively delete file(s) from all subdirectories:,del {{file_pattern}} /s
Do not prompt when deleting files based on a global wildcard:,del {{file_pattern}} /q
Display the help and list available attributes:,del /?
Delete files based on specified attributes:,del {{file_pattern}} /a {{attribute}}
Create a new package skeleton:,choco new {{package}}
Create a new package with a specific version:,choco new {{package}} --version {{version}}
Create a new package with a specific maintainer name:,choco new {{package}} --maintainer {{maintainer_name}}
Create a new package in a custom output directory:,choco new {{package}} --output-directory {{path/to/directory}}
Create a new package with specific 32-bit and 64-bit installer URLs:,"choco new {{package}} url=""{{url}}"" url64=""{{url}}"""
View documentation for the original command:,tldr sc
Dump the configuration information or files:,certutil {{filename}}
Encode a file in hexadecimal:,certutil -encodehex {{path\to\input_file}} {{path\to\output_file}}
Encode a file to Base64:,certutil -encode {{path\to\input_file}} {{path\to\output_file}}
Decode a Base64-encoded file:,certutil -decode {{path\to\input_file}} {{path\to\output_file}}
Generate and display a cryptographic hash over a file:,certutil -hashfile {{path\to\input_file}} {{md2|md4|md5|sha1|sha256|sha384|sha512}}
View documentation for the original command:,tldr choco list
Execute a registry command:,reg {{command}}
View documentation for adding and copying subkeys:,tldr reg {{add|copy}}
View documentation for deleting keys and subkeys:,tldr reg {{delete|unload}}
"View documentation for searching, viewing, and comparing keys:",tldr reg {{compare|query}}
View documentation for exporting and importing registry keys not preserving the key ownerships and ACLs:,tldr reg {{export|import}}
"View documentation for saving, restoring registry and unloading keys preserving the key ownerships and ACLs:",tldr reg {{save|restore|load|unload}}
Display help:,reg /?
Display help for a specific command:,reg {{command}} /?
Add a new registry key:,reg add {{key_name}}
Add a new [v]alue under a specific key:,reg add {{key_name}} /v {{value}}
Add a new value with specific [d]ata:,reg add {{key_name}} /d {{data}}
Add a new value to a key with a specific data [t]ype:,reg add {{key_name}} /t REG_{{SZ|MULTI_SZ|DWORD_BIG_ENDIAN|DWORD|BINARY|DWORD_LITTLE_ENDIAN|LINK|FULL_RESOURCE_DESCRIPTOR|EXPAND_SZ}}
[f]orcefully (without a prompt) overwrite the existing registry value:,reg add {{key_name}} /f
List all non-hidden items in the current directory:,Get-ChildItem
List only directories in the current directory:,Get-ChildItem -Directory
List only files in the current directory:,Get-ChildItem -File
"List items in the current directory, including hidden items:",Get-ChildItem -Hidden
List items in a directory other than the current one:,Get-ChildItem -Path {{path\to\directory}}
Display all user sessions:,query session
Display the current user sessions on a remote computer:,query session /server:{{hostname}}
Display logged in users:,query user
Display all user sessions on a remote computer:,query session /server:{{hostname}}
Display all running processes:,query process
Display running processes by session or user name:,query process {{session_name|user_name}}
View documentation for the original command:,tldr set-location
View documentation for the original command:,tldr slmgr.vbs
List all current environment variables:,set
Set an environment variable to a specific value:,set {{name}}={{value}}
List environment variables starting with the specified string:,set {{name}}
Prompt the user for a value for the specified variable:,set /p {{name}}={{prompt_string}}
Generate the autocompletion script for your shell:,gcrane completion {{shell_name}}
Disable completion descriptions:,gcrane completion {{shell_name}} --no-descriptions
Load completions in your current shell session (powershell):,gcrane completion powershell | Out-String | Invoke-Expression
Load completions for every new session (powershell):,gcrane completion powershell | Out-String | Invoke-Expression
Display help:,gcrane completion {{shell_name}} {{[-h|--help]}}
View documentation for the original command:,tldr move-item
Search for a pattern within a file:,"Select-String -Path ""{{path\to\file}}"" -Pattern '{{search_pattern}}'"
Search for an exact string (disables regular expressions):,"Select-String -SimpleMatch ""{{exact_string}}"" {{path\to\file}}"
Search for pattern in all `.ext` files in current dir:,"Select-String -Path ""{{*.ext}}"" -Pattern '{{search_pattern}}'"
Capture the specified number of lines before and after the line that matches the pattern:,"Select-String --Context {{2,3}} ""{{search_pattern}}"" {{path\to\file}}"
Search `stdin` for lines that do not match a pattern:,"Get-Content {{path\to\file}} | Select-String --NotMatch ""{{search_pattern}}"""
Check and apply updated Group Policy settings:,gpupdate
Specify the target Group Policy settings to check for update:,gpupdate /target:{{computer|user}}
Force all Group Policy settings to be reapplied:,gpupdate /force
Display help:,gpupdate /?
List all associations between file extensions and file types:,assoc
Display the associated file type for a specific extension:,assoc {{.txt}}
Set the associated file type for a specific extension:,assoc .{{txt}}={{txtfile}}
View the output of `assoc` one screen at a time:,assoc | {{more}}
Shutdown the current machine:,shutdown /s
Shutdown the current machine force-closing all apps:,shutdown /s /f
Restart the current machine immediately:,shutdown /r /t 0
Hibernate the current machine:,shutdown /h
Log off the current machine:,shutdown /l
Specify a timeout in seconds to wait before shutting down:,shutdown /s /t {{8}}
Abort a shutdown sequence whose timeout is yet to expire:,shutdown /a
Shutdown a remote machine:,shutdown /m {{\\hostname}}
Copy all `.jpg` and `.bmp` files from one directory to another:,robocopy {{path\to\source_directory}} {{path\to\destination_directory}} {{*.jpg}} {{*.bmp}}
"Copy all files and subdirectories, including empty ones:",robocopy {{path\to\source_directory}} {{path\to\destination_directory}} /E
"Mirror/Sync a directory, deleting anything not in source and include all attributes and permissions:",robocopy {{path\to\source_directory}} {{path\to\destination_directory}} /MIR /COPYALL
"Copy all files and subdirectories, excluding source files that are older than destination files:",robocopy {{path\to\source_directory}} {{path\to\destination_directory}} /E /XO
List all files 50 MB or larger instead of copying them:,robocopy {{path\to\source_directory}} {{path\to\destination_directory}} /MIN:{{52428800}} /L
Allow resuming if network connection is lost and limit retries to 5 and wait time to 15 sec:,robocopy {{path\to\source_directory}} {{path\to\destination_directory}} /Z /R:5 /W:15
Display help:,robocopy /?
Add three days to the system date:,Set-Date -Date (Get-Date).AddDays({{3}})
Set the system clock back 10 minutes:,Set-Date -Adjust -0:10:0 -DisplayHint Time
Add 90 minutes to the system clock:,$90mins = New-TimeSpan -Minutes {{90}}; Set-Date -Adjust $90mins
"Start a REPL (interactive shell), optionally with arguments supported by `python` (like `-c`, `-m`, etc.):",py {{python_arguments}}
Execute a specific Python file:,py {{path/to/file.py}}
"Run specific Python version. If the version is missing, and `PYLAUNCHER_ALLOW_INSTALL` environment variable is set, auto-install via Microsoft Store or Winget:",py {{-2|-3.7|...}}
List installed Python versions:,py --list
View documentation of the equivalent PowerShell command:,tldr set-location
Display the path of the current directory:,cd
Go to a specific directory in the same drive:,cd {{path\to\directory}}
Go to a specific directory in a different [d]rive:,cd /d {{C}}:{{path\to\directory}}
Go up to the parent of the current directory:,cd ..
Go to the home directory of the current user:,cd %userprofile%
Go to root of current drive:,cd \
Ping and trace the route to a host:,pathping {{hostname}}
Do not perform reverse lookup of IP address to hostname:,pathping {{hostname}} -n
Specify the maximum number of hops to search for the target (the default is 30):,pathping {{hostname}} -h {{max_hops}}
Specify the milliseconds to wait between pings (the default is 240):,pathping {{hostname}} -p {{time}}
Specify the number of queries per hop (the default is 100):,pathping {{hostname}} -q {{queries}}
Force IPV4 usage:,pathping {{hostname}} -4
Force IPV6 usage:,pathping {{hostname}} -6
Display help:,pathping /?
View documentation for the original command:,tldr get-location
Calculate a hash for a specified file using the SHA256 algorithm:,Get-FileHash {{path\to\file}}
Calculate a hash for a specified file using a specified algorithm:,Get-FileHash {{path\to\file}} -Algorithm {{SHA1|SHA384|SHA256|SHA512|MD5}}
View documentation for the equivalent Command Prompt command:,tldr move
View documentation for the original PowerShell command:,tldr move-item
Display the content of a file:,Get-Content -Path {{path\to\file}}
Display the first few lines of a file:,Get-Content -Path {{path\to\file}} -TotalCount {{10}}
Display the content of the file and keep reading from it until `<Ctrl c>` is pressed:,Get-Content -Path {{path\to\file}} -Wait
Display the commands history list with ID:,Get-History
Get PowerShell history item by ID:,Get-History -Id {{id}}
Display the last N commands:,Get-History -Count {{10}}
Display the MAC addresses for the current system:,getmac
Display the details in a specific format:,getmac /fo {{table|list|csv}}
Exclude the header in the output list:,getmac /nh
Display the MAC addresses for a remote machine:,getmac /s {{hostname}} /u {{username}} /p {{password}}
Display the MAC addresses with verbose information:,getmac /v
Display help:,getmac /?
Display all available packages:,choco list
Display all locally installed packages:,choco list --local-only
Display a list including local programs:,choco list --include-programs
Display only approved packages:,choco list --approved-only
Specify a custom source to display packages from:,choco list --source {{source_url|alias}}
Provide a username and password for authentication:,choco list --user {{username}} --password {{password}}
Get information about a memory dump file:,python3 vol.py {{[-f|--filename]}} {{path/to/memory_dump_file}} windows.info
List active processes:,python3 vol.py {{[-f|--filename]}} {{path/to/memory_dump_file}} windows.pslist
List hashes of users on system:,python3 vol.py {{[-f|--filename]}} {{path/to/memory_dump_file}} windows.hashdump
List active network connections:,python3 vol.py {{[-f|--filename]}} {{path/to/memory_dump_file}} windows.netstat
Display help:,python3 vol.py {{[-h|--help]}}
Execute the specified commands if the condition is true:,if {{condition}} ({{echo Condition is true}})
Execute the specified commands if the condition is false:,if not {{condition}} ({{echo Condition is true}})
Execute the first specified commands if the condition is true otherwise execute the second specified commands:,if {{condition}} ({{echo Condition is true}}) else ({{echo Condition is false}})
Check whether `%errorlevel%` is greater than or equal to the specified exit code:,if errorlevel {{2}} ({{echo Condition is true}})
Check whether two strings are equal:,if %{{variable}}% == {{string}} ({{echo Condition is true}})
Check whether two strings are equal without respecting letter case:,if /i %{{variable}}% == {{string}} ({{echo Condition is true}})
Check whether a file exist:,if exist {{path\to\file}} ({{echo Condition is true}})
Setup the environment for native x64:,vcvarsall x64
Setup the environment for cross-compiled native x86 from the x64 host:,vcvarsall x64_x86
Setup the environment for cross-compiled native Arm x64 from the x64 host:,vcvarsall x64_arm64
Setup the environment for native UWP x64:,vcvarsall x64 uwp
Install a package:,winget install {{package}}
Remove a package (Note: `remove` can also be used instead of `uninstall`):,winget uninstall {{package}}
Display information about a package:,winget show {{package}}
Search for a package:,winget search {{package}}
Upgrade all packages to the latest versions:,winget upgrade --all
List all packages installed that can be managed with `winget`:,winget list --source winget
"Import packages from a file, or export installed packages to a file:",winget {{import|export}} {{--import-file|--output}} {{path/to/file}}
Validate manifests before submitting a PR to the winget-pkgs repository:,winget validate {{path/to/manifest}}
Resolve the home folder path:,Resolve-Path {{~}}
Resolve a UNC path:,"Resolve-Path -Path ""\\{{hostname}}\{{path\to\file}}"""
Get relative paths:,Resolve-Path -Path {{path\to\file_or_directory}} -Relative
List all network adapters:,ipconfig
Show a detailed list of network adapters:,ipconfig /all
Renew the IP addresses for a network adapter:,ipconfig /renew {{adapter}}
Free up the IP addresses for a network adapter:,ipconfig /release {{adapter}}
Show the local DNS cache:,ipconfig /displaydns
Remove all data from the local DNS cache:,ipconfig /flushdns
Measure the time it takes to run a command:,Measure-Command { {{command}} }
Pipe input to Measure-Command (objects that are piped to `Measure-Command` are available to the script block that is passed to the Expression parameter):,"10, 20, 50 | Measure-Command -Expression { for ($i=0; $i -lt $_; $i++) {$i} }"
Start a virtual machine:,virtualboxvm --startvm {{name|uuid}}
Start a virtual machine in fullscreen mode:,virtualboxvm --startvm {{name|uuid}} --fullscreen
Mount the specified DVD image file:,virtualboxvm --startvm {{name|uuid}} --dvd {{path\to\image_file}}
Display a command-line window with debug information:,virtualboxvm --startvm {{name|uuid}} --debug-command-line
Start a virtual machine in a paused state:,virtualboxvm --startvm {{name|uuid}} --start-paused
Ping a host using ICMP:,psping {{hostname}}
Ping a host over a TCP port:,psping {{hostname}}:{{port}}
Specify the number of pings and perform it quietly:,psping {{hostname}} -n {{pings}} -q
Ping the target over TCP 50 times and produce a histogram of the results:,psping {{hostname}}:{{port}} -q -n {{50}} -h
Display help:,psping /?
"List all available PowerShell commands (aliases, cmdlets, functions) in the current computer:",Get-Command
List all available PowerShell commands in the current session:,Get-Command -ListImported
List only PowerShell aliases/cmdlets/functions available in the computer:,Get-Command -Type {{Alias|Cmdlet|Function}}
List only programs or commands available on PATH in the current session:,Get-Command -Type Application
"List only PowerShell commands by the module name, e.g. `Microsoft.PowerShell.Utility` for utility-related commands:",Get-Command -Module {{module}}
Get the command information (e.g. version number or module name) by its name:,Get-Command {{command}}
Reset the prompt to the default setting:,prompt
Set a specific prompt:,prompt {{prompt}}
Change the prompt to show the current date first:,prompt $D $P$G
Change the prompt to show the current time first:,prompt $T $P$G
Change the prompt by adding a specific text first:,prompt {{text}} $P$G
Display a list of pinned packages and their versions:,choco pin list
Pin a package at its current version:,choco pin add --name {{package}}
Pin a package at a specific version:,choco pin add --name {{package}} --version {{version}}
Remove a pin for a specific package:,choco pin remove --name {{package}}
Display the label and serial number for the current drive:,vol
Display the label and serial number for a specific volume:,vol {{D:}}
Terminate the current session:,logoff
Terminate a session by its name or ID:,logoff {{session_name|session_id}}
Terminate a session on a specific server connected through RDP:,logoff {{session_name|session_id}} /server:{{servername}}
Render markdown to console from a file:,Show-Markdown -Path {{path\to\file}}
Render markdown to console from string:,"""{{# Markdown content}}"" | Show-Markdown"
Open Markdown file in a browser:,Show-Markdown -Path {{path\to\file}} -UseBrowser