# Copyright 2021 Zhongyang Zhang # Contact: mirakuruyoo@gmai.com # # Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); # you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. # You may obtain a copy of the License at # # http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 # # Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software # distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, # WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and # limitations under the License. """ This main entrance of the whole project. Most of the code should not be changed, please directly add all the input arguments of your model's constructor and the dataset file's constructor. The MInterface and DInterface can be seen as transparent to all your args. """ import os import torch import pandas as pd import numpy as np import pytorch_lightning as pl from argparse import ArgumentParser from pytorch_lightning import Trainer import pytorch_lightning.callbacks as plc from pytorch_lightning.loggers import TensorBoardLogger from pytorch_lightning.strategies import DDPStrategy from model import MInterface from data import DInterface from utils import load_model_path_by_args, plot_rmsd_metrics, refine_portfolio from data.dataset import prepare_data_composite, prepare_data_pose, prepare_data_rmsd from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split, KFold from utils import ndcg_score from tqdm import tqdm import os # Optimize for RTX 4090 Tensor Cores and performance # torch.set_float32_matmul_precision('medium') torch.backends.cudnn.benchmark = True # Enable for better performance torch.backends.cudnn.deterministic = False # Allow for better performance import math import torch.multiprocessing as mp def load_callbacks(args): callbacks = [] # Early stop when validation accuracy fails to increase for 30 validation checks callbacks.append(plc.EarlyStopping( monitor='val_as_acc', mode='max', patience=50, min_delta=0.001 )) # Options: val_loss(min), val_as_acc(max) callbacks.append(plc.ModelCheckpoint( monitor='val_as_acc', filename='best-{epoch:03d}-{val_loss:.4f}-{val_as_acc:.4f}', save_top_k=3, mode='max', save_last=True )) callbacks.append(plc.ModelCheckpoint( monitor='val_loss', filename='low-val-loss-{epoch:03d}-{val_loss:.4f}-{val_as_acc:.4f}', save_top_k=3, mode='min', save_last=False )) return callbacks # Main function for training def train(args): pl.seed_everything(args.seed) # Fix seed for reproducibility load_path = load_model_path_by_args(args) data_module = DInterface(**vars(args)) # Check number of data samples data_module.setup() train_loader = data_module.train_dataloader() val_loader = data_module.val_dataloader() test_loader = data_module.test_dataloader() print('Number of data samples in train set: ', len(train_loader.dataset)) print('Number of data samples in val set: ', len(val_loader.dataset)) print('Number of data samples in test set: ', len(test_loader.dataset)) # # Filter mask by similarity # val_dataset = data_module.valset.reset_index(drop=True) # # Extract the values to a numpy array # val_data = val_dataset.iloc[:, 2:-1].values # chosen_idx = refine_portfolio(val_data, cut_height=0.4, method="cluster") # # chosen_idx = refine_portfolio(val_data, method="facility", K=5) # mask = np.zeros(args.num_classes, dtype=bool) # mask[chosen_idx] = True # chosen_methods = val_dataset.columns[2:-1][mask] # print(f'Chosen models after refinement: {chosen_methods}') # print(mask.astype(int)) deg = data_module.get_train_deg() print("Max node degree computed") if load_path is None: model = MInterface(deg=deg, **vars(args)) else: model = MInterface(deg=deg, **vars(args)) args.ckpt_path = load_path callbacks = load_callbacks(args) logger = TensorBoardLogger( save_dir=args.log_root, name=args.log_name, version=args.log_version ) trainer = Trainer( max_epochs=args.max_epochs, accelerator=args.accelerator, devices=args.devices, logger=logger, callbacks=callbacks, check_val_every_n_epoch=1, strategy='ddp_find_unused_parameters_true' ) trainer.fit(model, data_module) # np.save(args.ckpt_path[:-5]+'_chosen_models.npy', mask.astype(int)) def test(args): pl.seed_everything(args.seed) # Fix seed for reproducibility # Load model and data data_module = DInterface(**vars(args)) data_module.setup() # # Filter mask by similarity # val_dataset = data_module.valset.reset_index(drop=True) # # Extract the values to a numpy array # val_data = val_dataset.iloc[:, 2:-1].values # chosen_idx = refine_portfolio(val_data, cut_height=0.4, method="cluster") # # chosen_idx = refine_portfolio(val_data, method="facility", K=24) # mask = np.zeros(args.num_classes, dtype=bool) # mask[chosen_idx] = True # chosen_methods = val_dataset.columns[2:-1][mask] # mask = mask.astype(int) # print(f'Number of chosen models after refinement: {len(chosen_methods)}') test_loader = data_module.test_dataloader() device = 'cuda' if torch.cuda.is_available() else 'cpu' model = MInterface.load_from_checkpoint(args.ckpt_path, map_location=device, **vars(args)) model = model.eval() if args.test_eval_time: import time times = [] # GPU warm-up with torch.no_grad(): for i, batch_example in enumerate(test_loader): ligand_data, protein_data, label = batch_example _ = model(ligand_data.to(device), protein_data.to(device)) torch.cuda.synchronize() if i > 10: break # Actual timing with torch.no_grad(): for batch in test_loader: batch = batch ligand_data, protein_data, label = batch start = time.time() _ = model(ligand_data.to(device), protein_data.to(device)) torch.cuda.synchronize() end = time.time() times.append(end - start) avg_time = sum(times) / len(times) print(f"Average inference time per batch: {avg_time:.6f} s") print(f"Average per-sample time: {avg_time / args.batch_size:.6f} s") return if args.get_embedded_features: # Extract embedded features for all test samples all_features = [] all_names = [] with torch.no_grad(): for ligand_data, protein_data, _ in tqdm(test_loader, desc="Extracting Features"): ligand_data = ligand_data.to(device) protein_data = protein_data.to(device) features = model.forward(ligand_data, protein_data, return_features=True) all_features.append(features.cpu().numpy()) all_names.extend(protein_data.names) # Assuming protein_data has a 'names' attribute all_features = np.vstack(all_features) # Save to .pt torch.save({'names': all_names, 'features': all_features}, args.ckpt_path[:-5]+'_embedded_features.pt') return num_classes = getattr(args, 'num_classes') print('Available devices: ', args.devices[0]) trainer = Trainer(accelerator="cuda", logger=False, enable_checkpointing=False, devices=[args.devices[0]]) results = trainer.test(model, datamodule=data_module) print('Number of data samples in test set: ', len(test_loader.dataset)) print(results) # Prepare dataset if isinstance(args.benchmark, list): for b in args.benchmark: ds, _ = prepare_data_composite(args.incl_columns, b) pose_ds, _ = prepare_data_pose(args.incl_columns, b) rmsd_ds, _ = prepare_data_rmsd(args.incl_columns, b) if 'dataset' in locals(): dataset = pd.concat([dataset, ds], ignore_index=True) pose_dataset = pd.concat([pose_dataset, pose_ds], ignore_index=True) rmsd_dataset = pd.concat([rmsd_dataset, rmsd_ds], ignore_index=True) else: dataset = ds pose_dataset = pose_ds rmsd_dataset = rmsd_ds elif isinstance(args.benchmark, str): dataset, _ = prepare_data_composite(args.incl_columns, args.benchmark) else: raise ValueError("benchmark must be a string or a list of strings") if args.test_size == 1: test_df = dataset test_df_pose = pose_dataset test_df_rmsd = rmsd_dataset else: #!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Caution: hard-coded here!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! dataset, _ = prepare_data_composite(args.incl_columns, args.benchmark[0]) pose_dataset, _ = prepare_data_pose(args.incl_columns, args.benchmark[0]) rmsd_dataset, _ = prepare_data_rmsd(args.incl_columns, args.benchmark[0]) if args.k_folds is not None: # K-Fold cross-validation kf = KFold(n_splits=args.k_folds, shuffle=True, random_state=args.seed) folds = list(kf.split(dataset)) train_idx, val_idx = folds[args.fold_num] train_val = dataset.iloc[train_idx] test_df = dataset.iloc[val_idx] train_val_pose = pose_dataset.iloc[train_idx] test_df_pose = pose_dataset.iloc[val_idx] train_val_rmsd = rmsd_dataset.iloc[train_idx] test_df_rmsd = rmsd_dataset.iloc[val_idx] else: # Split the raw data for testing train_val, test_df = train_test_split(dataset, test_size=args.test_size, random_state=args.seed) # train_df, val_df = train_test_split(train_val, test_size=args.test_size, random_state=args.seed) # Split the raw pose and RMSD data for testing as well train_val_pose, test_df_pose = train_test_split(pose_dataset, test_size=args.test_size, random_state=args.seed) # train_df_pose, val_df_pose = train_test_split(train_val_pose, test_size=args.test_size, random_state=args.seed) train_val_rmsd, test_df_rmsd = train_test_split(rmsd_dataset, test_size=args.test_size, random_state=args.seed) # train_df_rmsd, val_df_rmsd = train_test_split(train_val_rmsd, test_size=args.test_size, random_state=args.seed) print('First tested PDB_CCD_ID: ', test_df.iloc[0,0] + '_' + test_df.iloc[0,1]) print('Last tested PDB_CCD_ID: ', test_df.iloc[-1,0] + '_' + test_df.iloc[-1,1]) out = model.test_results["out"] labels = model.test_results["labels"] names = model.test_results["names"] test_df = test_df.reset_index(drop=True) # Reset index to avoid KeyError choices = test_df.columns[2:-1] cap_res_arr = out.reshape(-1, num_classes) # Ensure shape is (-1, num_classes) print(choices, cap_res_arr.shape) cap_df = pd.DataFrame(cap_res_arr, columns=choices) #.rank(axis=1, method='min') name_df = pd.DataFrame(names, columns=['Ligand']) cap_out = pd.concat([name_df, cap_df], axis=1) # Identify selected model for each protein-ligand pair cap_out['selected_model'] = cap_out.iloc[:,1:].idxmax(axis=1) # print(cap_out) # Save the predicted scores cap_out.to_csv(args.ckpt_path[:-5]+'_predicted_scores.csv', index=False) descriptive = test_df.iloc[:,:-1] best_method = [] # print(descriptive) # Create descriptive_pose and descriptive_rmsd dataframes descriptive_pose = test_df_pose.iloc[:,:-1] descriptive_rmsd = test_df_rmsd.iloc[:,:-1] # Reset indices to ensure alignment descriptive = descriptive.reset_index(drop=True) descriptive_pose = descriptive_pose.reset_index(drop=True) descriptive_rmsd = descriptive_rmsd.reset_index(drop=True) for i in range(len(descriptive)): temp_name = descriptive.protein[i]+'_'+descriptive.ligand[i] method = cap_out[cap_out.Ligand == temp_name].selected_model.values[0] best_method.append(method) # SBS over entire benchmark df = dataset.reset_index(drop=True).iloc[:,:-1] means = df.iloc[:,2:].mean(axis=0) sbs = means.idxmax() # print(f'SBS over entire benchmark: {sbs} with mean score {means[sbs]}') descriptive[f'SBS: {sbs}'] = descriptive[sbs] descriptive_pose[f'SBS: {sbs}'] = descriptive_pose[sbs] descriptive_rmsd[f'SBS: {sbs}'] = descriptive_rmsd[sbs] # Apply same operations to all three dataframes descriptive['choose'] = best_method descriptive_pose['choose'] = best_method descriptive_rmsd['choose'] = best_method best_method_oracle = descriptive.iloc[:,2:-1].idxmax(axis=1) descriptive['oracle'] = descriptive.iloc[:,2:-1].max(axis=1) descriptive_pose['oracle'] = descriptive_pose.iloc[:,2:-1].max(axis=1) descriptive_rmsd['oracle'] = descriptive_rmsd.iloc[:,2:-1].min(axis=1) # For RMSD, best is minimum # Ensure model_scores are numeric and compute 2nd and 3rd best for scoring data model_scores = descriptive.iloc[:,2:-1].apply(pd.to_numeric, errors='coerce') descriptive['2nd'] = model_scores.apply(lambda row: row.nlargest(2).iloc[-1], axis=1) descriptive['3rd'] = model_scores.apply(lambda row: row.nlargest(3).iloc[-1], axis=1) # For pose data (binary/boolean), compute 2nd and 3rd differently model_scores_pose = descriptive_pose.iloc[:,2:-1].apply(pd.to_numeric, errors='coerce') # Check if pose data is binary (0/1) or continuous if descriptive_pose.iloc[:,2:-1].dtypes.apply(lambda x: x in ['bool', 'int64', 'float64']).all(): # For binary pose data, 2nd and 3rd largest make sense descriptive_pose['2nd'] = model_scores_pose.apply(lambda row: row.nlargest(2).iloc[-1] if len(row.dropna()) >= 2 else np.nan, axis=1) descriptive_pose['3rd'] = model_scores_pose.apply(lambda row: row.nlargest(3).iloc[-1] if len(row.dropna()) >= 3 else np.nan, axis=1) else: # For non-numeric pose data, set to NaN descriptive_pose['2nd'] = np.nan descriptive_pose['3rd'] = np.nan # For RMSD data, use nsmallest since lower RMSD is better model_scores_rmsd = descriptive_rmsd.iloc[:,2:-1].apply(pd.to_numeric, errors='coerce') descriptive_rmsd['2nd'] = model_scores_rmsd.apply(lambda row: row.nsmallest(2).iloc[-1] if len(row.dropna()) >= 2 else np.nan, axis=1) descriptive_rmsd['3rd'] = model_scores_rmsd.apply(lambda row: row.nsmallest(3).iloc[-1] if len(row.dropna()) >= 3 else np.nan, axis=1) # Apply AS calculation to all three dataframes values = descriptive.apply(lambda row: row[row['choose']], axis=1) descriptive.insert(args.num_classes+2, 'AS', values) values_pose = descriptive_pose.apply(lambda row: row[row['choose']], axis=1) descriptive_pose.insert(args.num_classes+2, 'AS', values_pose) values_rmsd = descriptive_rmsd.apply(lambda row: row[row['choose']], axis=1) descriptive_rmsd.insert(args.num_classes+2, 'AS', values_rmsd) # Now we have three complete dataframes, use them directly for evaluation scoring_columns = [f'SBS: {sbs}', 'AS', 'oracle'] # scoring_columns = [f'SBS: {sbs}', 'AS', 'oracle', '2nd', '3rd'] # scoring_columns = ['surf', 'unimol','interformer', 'autodock', 'gnina', 'alphafold3', 'boltz1x', 'sbs', 'AS', 'oracle', '2nd', '3rd'] # Detailed metrics: RMSD < 1; RMSD < 2; Med RMSD; RMSD < 2 & Pose valid eval_results = dict() for col in scoring_columns: if col in descriptive.columns: # Extract values from respective dataframes rmsd_values = descriptive_rmsd[col] pose_values = descriptive_pose[col] # 1. Percent of RMSD < 1 percent_rmsd_lt_1 = (rmsd_values < 1).mean() * 100 # 2. Percent of RMSD < 2 percent_rmsd_lt_2 = (rmsd_values < 2).mean() * 100 # 3. Median RMSD median_rmsd = rmsd_values.median() # 4. Percent of RMSD < 2 & Pose valid percent_rmsd_lt_2_valid = ((rmsd_values < 2) & pose_values.astype(bool)).mean() * 100 # 5. Percent of RMSD < 5 percent_rmsd_lt_5 = (rmsd_values < 5).mean() * 100 # 6. Percent of RMSD < 1 & Pose valid percent_rmsd_lt_1_valid = ((rmsd_values < 1) & pose_values.astype(bool)).mean() * 100 eval_results[col] = { 'Percent RMSD < 1': round(percent_rmsd_lt_1, 2), 'Percent RMSD < 2': round(percent_rmsd_lt_2, 2), 'Percent RMSD < 5': round(percent_rmsd_lt_5, 2), 'Median RMSD': round(median_rmsd, 3), 'Percent RMSD < 1 (Valid Poses)': round(percent_rmsd_lt_1_valid, 2) if percent_rmsd_lt_1_valid is not None else 'N/A', 'Percent RMSD < 2 (Valid Poses)': round(percent_rmsd_lt_2_valid, 2) if percent_rmsd_lt_2_valid is not None else 'N/A', } # print(descriptive) print(descriptive.iloc[:,1:].sum(axis=0)) # Count occurrences of each algorithm in the 'choose' column (same for all dataframes) def count_selected_algorithms(descriptive_df): """ Count the number of times each algorithm was selected. Args: descriptive_df: DataFrame containing the 'choose' column Returns: pandas.Series: Count of each algorithm selection """ algorithm_counts = descriptive_df['choose'].value_counts() return algorithm_counts # Call the function and display results algorithm_counts = count_selected_algorithms(descriptive) print("\nAlgorithm Selection Counts:") print(algorithm_counts) # Optional: Display as percentages # algorithm_percentages = (algorithm_counts / len(descriptive)) * 100 # print("\nAlgorithm Selection Percentages:") # for algo, percentage in algorithm_percentages.items(): # print(f"{algo}: {percentage:.2f}%") oracle_counts = best_method_oracle.value_counts() print("\nOracle Selection Counts:") print(oracle_counts) # oracle_percentages = (oracle_counts / len(descriptive)) * 100 # print("\nOracle Selection Percentages:") # for algo, percentage in oracle_percentages.items(): # print(f"{algo}: {percentage:.2f}%") # display evalutation results print("\nEvaluation Results:") for col, metrics in eval_results.items(): print(f"\n{col}:") for metric, value in metrics.items(): print(f"{metric}: {value}") plot_rmsd_metrics(eval_results) full_eval_results = dict() for col in descriptive.columns: if col not in ['protein', 'ligand', 'choose']: # Extract values from respective dataframes rmsd_values = descriptive_rmsd[col] pose_values = descriptive_pose[col] # 1. Percent of RMSD < 1 percent_rmsd_lt_1 = (rmsd_values < 1).mean() * 100 # 2. Percent of RMSD < 2 percent_rmsd_lt_2 = (rmsd_values < 2).mean() * 100 # 3. Median RMSD median_rmsd = rmsd_values.median() # 4. Percent of RMSD < 2 & Pose valid percent_rmsd_lt_2_valid = ((rmsd_values < 2) & pose_values.astype(bool)).mean() * 100 # 5. Percent of RMSD < 5 percent_rmsd_lt_5 = (rmsd_values < 5).mean() * 100 # 6. Percent of RMSD < 1 & Pose valid percent_rmsd_lt_1_valid = ((rmsd_values < 1) & pose_values.astype(bool)).mean() * 100 full_eval_results[col] = { 'Percent RMSD < 1': round(percent_rmsd_lt_1, 2), 'Percent RMSD < 2': round(percent_rmsd_lt_2, 2), 'Percent RMSD < 5': round(percent_rmsd_lt_5, 2), 'Median RMSD': round(median_rmsd, 3), 'Percent RMSD < 1 (Valid Poses)': round(percent_rmsd_lt_1_valid, 2) if percent_rmsd_lt_1_valid is not None else 'N/A', 'Percent RMSD < 2 (Valid Poses)': round(percent_rmsd_lt_2_valid, 2) if percent_rmsd_lt_2_valid is not None else 'N/A', } oracle_sbs_gap_closed = {} for metric in eval_results['AS'].keys(): total_gap = eval_results['oracle'][metric] - eval_results['SBS: '+sbs][metric] closed_gap = eval_results['AS'][metric] - eval_results['SBS: '+sbs][metric] oracle_sbs_gap_closed[metric] = (closed_gap / total_gap * 100) if total_gap !=0 else 0.0 eval_results['VBS_SBS_Gap_Closed_by_AS(%)'] = oracle_sbs_gap_closed print("\nOracle-SBS Gap Closed by AS (%):") for metric, value in oracle_sbs_gap_closed.items(): print(f"{metric}: {value:.2f}%") AS_rmsd_values = descriptive_rmsd['AS'] AS_pose_values = descriptive_pose['AS'] rmsd_2_valid = ((AS_rmsd_values < 2) & AS_pose_values.astype(bool)).values.astype(int) rmsd_1_valid = ((AS_rmsd_values < 1) & AS_pose_values.astype(bool)).values.astype(int) df_algorithm_counts = pd.DataFrame({ 'Algorithm': list(descriptive.columns[2:-6]), 'Selection_Count': np.zeros(len(descriptive.columns[2:-6]), dtype=int), 'Oracle_Count': np.zeros(len(descriptive.columns[2:-6]), dtype=int) }) for idx, algo in enumerate(descriptive.columns[2:-6]): if algo in algorithm_counts.index: df_algorithm_counts.at[idx, 'Selection_Count'] = int(algorithm_counts[algo]) if algo in oracle_counts.index: df_algorithm_counts.at[idx, 'Oracle_Count'] = int(oracle_counts[algo]) descriptive['oracle_choose'] = best_method_oracle # Save results to npy np.save(args.ckpt_path[:-5]+'_1_threshold.npy', rmsd_1_valid) np.save(args.ckpt_path[:-5]+'_2_threshold.npy', rmsd_2_valid) pd.DataFrame(eval_results).to_csv(args.ckpt_path[:-5]+'.csv') pd.DataFrame(full_eval_results).to_csv(args.ckpt_path[:-5]+'_full.csv') descriptive.to_csv(args.ckpt_path[:-5]+'_descriptive.csv') # Save algorithm counts and oracle counts df_algorithm_counts.to_csv(args.ckpt_path[:-5]+'_algorithm_selection_counts.csv', index=False) if __name__ == '__main__': parser = ArgumentParser() # Basic Training Control parser.add_argument('--batch_size', default=8, type=int) parser.add_argument('--num_workers', default=4, type=int) parser.add_argument('--seed', default=42, type=int) parser.add_argument('--lr', default=1e-4, type=float) # LR Scheduler (not used in notebook, set to None) parser.add_argument('--lr_scheduler', default=None, type=str) parser.add_argument('--weight_decay', default=0, type=float) # Model and Data parser.add_argument('--model', default='MolASNoGNN', type=str) parser.add_argument('--loss', default='bce_with_logits', type=str) parser.add_argument('--dropout_rate', default=0.3, type=float) ## Data related parser.add_argument('--num_node_features', default=960, type=int) parser.add_argument('--incl_columns', default=[], type=str, nargs='*', help='Columns to include (space-separated list)') parser.add_argument('--num_classes', default=24, type=int) # This need to be changed with respect to the columns(algorithms) dropped parser.add_argument('--test_size', default=0.1, type=float) # Test size for split ## Dataset Configuration parser.add_argument('--benchmark', default='posex_self_docking', type=str, nargs='*', help='Benchmark dataset to use') ## KFold Support parser.add_argument('--k_folds', default=None, type=int) parser.add_argument('--fold_num', default=0, type=int) ## nDCG K config (eval) parser.add_argument('--ndcg_k', default=3, type=int, help='Rank cutoff for nDCG calculation') # Trainer args parser.add_argument('--max_epochs', default=100, type=int) parser.add_argument('--accelerator', default='cuda', type=str) parser.add_argument('--devices', default=[0], type=int, nargs='+') parser.add_argument('--log_root', default='lightning_logs', type=str, help='Root directory for TensorBoard log files') parser.add_argument('--log_name', default='default', type=str, help='Experiment subdirectory name for logging') parser.add_argument('--log_version', default=None, type=str, help='Optional version identifier for the logger (auto if omitted)') # Test mode parser.add_argument('--test', action='store_true', help='Run in test mode') parser.add_argument('--ckpt_path', default=None, type=str, help='Path to the model checkpoint for testing') # Additional "rank" model parameters parser.add_argument('--use_ndcg_loss', action='store_true', default=False, help='Enable NDCG loss component') parser.add_argument('--no_ndcg_loss', dest='use_ndcg_loss', action='store_false', help='Disable NDCG loss component') parser.add_argument('--ndcg_loss_weight', type=float, default=1.0, help='Weight for NDCG loss component') parser.add_argument('--sigma_ndcg', type=float, default=1.0) parser.add_argument('--use_logistic_loss', action='store_true', default=False, help='Enable logistic loss component') parser.add_argument('--no_logistic_loss', dest='use_logistic_loss', action='store_false', help='Disable logistic loss component') parser.add_argument('--logistic_loss_weight', type=float, default=0.01, help='Weight for logistic loss component') parser.add_argument('--sigma_logistic', type=float, default=1.0) parser.add_argument('--get_embedded_features', action='store_true', help='Extract embedded features from the model') parser.add_argument('--test_eval_time', action='store_true', help='Evaluate inference time during testing') args = parser.parse_args() mp.set_start_method('spawn', force=True) torch.autograd.set_detect_anomaly(True) if args.test: test(args) else: train(args)