---
license: other
pretty_name: CountHalluSet — RealHand
task_categories:
  - unconditional-image-generation
  - image-segmentation
size_categories:
  - 1K<n<10K
tags:
  - diffusion
  - counting
  - hallucination
  - human hands
---

# CountHalluSet — RealHand

Real-image dataset from **[Counting Hallucinations in Diffusion Models](https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.13080)**
(arXiv:2510.13080). Part of **CountHalluSet**, a suite with well-defined counting
criteria used to measure *counting hallucination*. Here the counting object is the
**five fingers of a human hand** — a hand with the wrong number of fingers is a
hallucination.

## What's inside

Photos of **single human hands**, each paired with a segmentation **mask** sharing
the same file stem. The image + mask pairing enables joint image+mask diffusion
(JDM). Images are used at 256×256 during training.

```
RealHand/
├── images/   # hand photos
└── masks/    # matching segmentation masks (same stem as the image)
```

There is no `labels.csv`: finger counts are not stored, they are measured at
evaluation time by the RealHand counter
([`CountHallu-counting_model-RealHand`](https://huggingface.co/ShyFoo/CountHallu-counting_model-RealHand)),
gated by the quality classifier
([`CountHallu-quality_cls_model-RealHand`](https://huggingface.co/ShyFoo/CountHallu-quality_cls_model-RealHand)).

## Source & license

<!-- TODO (required): state where the hand photos come from and under what terms
     they may be redistributed. Set the `license:` field above accordingly and
     replace `other`. If the images derive from an existing dataset, attribute it
     and confirm the license permits re-hosting. Confirm no identifiable faces /
     PII are present. -->

## Usage

```bash
huggingface-cli download ShyFoo/CountHallu-dataset-RealHand \
    --repo-type dataset --local-dir $DATASET_ROOT/RealHand
```

Load with the reference code (`counthallu.datasets.RealHand`). See the
[CountHallu repository](<https://github.com/ShyFoo/CountHallu-Diff>) for the two-stage SD-1.5 JDM recipe and the
full evaluation protocol.

## Citation

```bibtex
@article{fu2025counting,
  title={Counting Hallucinations in Diffusion Models},
  author={Fu, Shuai and Zhou, Jian and Chen, Qi and Jing, Huang and Nguyen, Huy Anh and Liu, Xiaohan and Zeng, Zhixiong and Ma, Lin and Zhang, Quanshi and Wu, Qi},
  journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2510.13080},
  year={2025}
}
```