README.md

---
license: cc-by-sa-4.0
size_categories:
- 1M<n<10M
dataset_info:
- config_name: default
  features:
  - name: image
    dtype: image
  - name: dr8_id
    dtype: string
  - name: galaxy_size
    dtype: int64
  - name: ra
    dtype: float64
  - name: dec
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  - name: objid
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  - name: disk-edge-on_no_fraction
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  - name: has-spiral-arms_yes_fraction
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  - name: has-spiral-arms_no_fraction
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  - name: bar_strong_fraction
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  - name: bar_weak_fraction
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  - name: bar_no_fraction
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  - name: bulge-size_moderate_fraction
    dtype: float32
  - name: bulge-size_small_fraction
    dtype: float32
  - name: bulge-size_none_fraction
    dtype: float32
  - name: how-rounded_round_fraction
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  - name: how-rounded_in-between_fraction
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  - name: how-rounded_cigar-shaped_fraction
    dtype: float32
  - name: edge-on-bulge_boxy_fraction
    dtype: float32
  - name: edge-on-bulge_none_fraction
    dtype: float32
  - name: edge-on-bulge_rounded_fraction
    dtype: float32
  - name: spiral-winding_tight_fraction
    dtype: float32
  - name: spiral-winding_medium_fraction
    dtype: float32
  - name: spiral-winding_loose_fraction
    dtype: float32
  - name: spiral-arm-count_1_fraction
    dtype: float32
  - name: spiral-arm-count_2_fraction
    dtype: float32
  - name: spiral-arm-count_3_fraction
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  - name: spiral-arm-count_4_fraction
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  - name: spiral-arm-count_more-than-4_fraction
    dtype: float32
  - name: spiral-arm-count_cant-tell_fraction
    dtype: float32
  - name: merging_none_fraction
    dtype: float32
  - name: merging_minor-disturbance_fraction
    dtype: float32
  - name: merging_major-disturbance_fraction
    dtype: float32
  - name: merging_merger_fraction
    dtype: float32
  - name: file_name
    dtype: string
  - name: iauname
    dtype: string
  - name: est_petro_th50
    dtype: float64
  - name: mag_r_desi
    dtype: float32
  - name: mag_g_desi
    dtype: float32
  - name: mag_z_desi
    dtype: float32
  - name: petro_theta
    dtype: float32
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    dtype: float32
  - name: petro_th90
    dtype: float32
  - name: petro_phi50
    dtype: float32
  - name: petro_phi90
    dtype: float32
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    dtype: float32
  - name: petro_ba90
    dtype: float32
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  - name: sersic_nmgy_u
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  - name: sersic_nmgy_g
    dtype: float32
  - name: elpetro_absmag_r
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  - name: sersic_nmgy_r
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  - name: elpetro_absmag_i
    dtype: float32
  - name: sersic_nmgy_i
    dtype: float32
  - name: elpetro_absmag_z
    dtype: float32
  - name: sersic_nmgy_z
    dtype: float32
  - name: redshift_nsa
    dtype: float32
  - name: mag_f
    dtype: float32
  - name: mag_n
    dtype: float32
  - name: mag_u
    dtype: float32
  - name: mag_g
    dtype: float32
  - name: mag_r
    dtype: float32
  - name: mag_i
    dtype: float32
  - name: mag_z
    dtype: float32
  - name: u_minus_r
    dtype: float32
  - name: elpetro_mass_log
    dtype: float32
  - name: dr7objid_ossy
    dtype: float64
  - name: ra_ossy
    dtype: float64
  - name: dec_ossy
    dtype: float64
  - name: redshift_ossy
    dtype: float64
  - name: log_l_oiii
    dtype: float64
  - name: fwhm
    dtype: float64
  - name: e_fwhm
    dtype: float64
  - name: equiv_width
    dtype: float64
  - name: log_l_ha
    dtype: float64
  - name: log_m_bh
    dtype: float64
  - name: upper_e_log_m_bh
    dtype: float64
  - name: lower_e_log_m_bh
    dtype: float64
  - name: log_bolometric_l
    dtype: float64
  - name: ra_alf
    dtype: float64
  - name: dec_alf
    dtype: float64
  - name: W50
    dtype: float64
  - name: sigW
    dtype: float64
  - name: W20
    dtype: float64
  - name: HIflux
    dtype: float64
  - name: sigflux
    dtype: float64
  - name: SNR
    dtype: float64
  - name: RMS
    dtype: float64
  - name: Dist
    dtype: float64
  - name: sigDist
    dtype: float64
  - name: logMH
    dtype: float64
  - name: siglogMH
    dtype: float64
  - name: ra_jhu
    dtype: float32
  - name: dec_jhu
    dtype: float32
  - name: fibre_sfr_avg
    dtype: float32
  - name: fibre_sfr_entropy
    dtype: float32
  - name: fibre_sfr_median
    dtype: float32
  - name: fibre_sfr_mode
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  - name: fibre_sfr_p84
    dtype: float32
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  - name: fibre_ssfr_avg
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  - name: fibre_ssfr_entropy
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  - name: fibre_ssfr_median
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  - name: fibre_ssfr_mode
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    dtype: float32
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    dtype: float32
  - name: fibre_ssfr_p84
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  - name: fibre_ssfr_p97p5
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  - name: total_ssfr_avg
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  - name: total_ssfr_entropy
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  - name: total_ssfr_flag
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  - name: total_ssfr_median
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  - name: total_ssfr_mode
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  - name: total_ssfr_p16
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  - name: total_ssfr_p2p5
    dtype: float32
  - name: total_ssfr_p84
    dtype: float32
  - name: total_ssfr_p97p5
    dtype: float32
  - name: total_sfr_avg
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  - name: total_sfr_entropy
    dtype: float64
  - name: total_sfr_flag
    dtype: float32
  - name: total_sfr_median
    dtype: float32
  - name: total_sfr_mode
    dtype: float32
  - name: total_sfr_p16
    dtype: float32
  - name: total_sfr_p2p5
    dtype: float32
  - name: total_sfr_p84
    dtype: float32
  - name: total_sfr_p97p5
    dtype: float32
  - name: photoz_id
    dtype: float64
  - name: ra_photoz
    dtype: float64
  - name: dec_photoz
    dtype: float64
  - name: photo_z
    dtype: float64
  - name: photo_zerr
    dtype: float64
  - name: spec_z
    dtype: float64
  - name: mag_abs_g_photoz
    dtype: float64
  - name: mag_abs_r_photoz
    dtype: float64
  - name: mag_abs_z_photoz
    dtype: float64
  - name: mass_inf_photoz
    dtype: float64
  - name: mass_med_photoz
    dtype: float64
  - name: mass_sup_photoz
    dtype: float64
  - name: sfr_inf_photoz
    dtype: float64
  - name: sfr_sup_photoz
    dtype: float64
  - name: ssfr_inf_photoz
    dtype: float64
  - name: ssfr_med_photoz
    dtype: float64
  - name: ssfr_sup_photoz
    dtype: float64
  - name: sky_separation_arcsec_from_photoz
    dtype: float64
  - name: redshift
    dtype: float64
  - name: est_petro_th50_kpc
    dtype: float64
  - name: __index_level_0__
    dtype: int64
  splits:
  - name: train
    num_bytes: 766026203199.42
    num_examples: 8474566
  - name: test
    num_bytes: 7814721036.77
    num_examples: 86471
  - name: validation
    num_bytes: 7819945863.13
    num_examples: 86499
  download_size: 779236554227
  dataset_size: 781660870099.3201
configs:
- config_name: default
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: data/train-*
  - split: test
    path: data/test-*
  - split: validation
    path: data/validation-*
tags:
- astronomy
---
# Galaxies for training astroPT

Here we have ~8.5 million galaxy cutouts from the [DESI legacy survey DR8](https://www.legacysurvey.org/dr8/description/).
The cut outs are 512x512 pixel jpg images centred on the galaxy source.

I've split away 1% of the images into a test set, and 1% into a validation set.
The remaining 98% of the images comprise the training set.

There is also accompanying metadata!
To combine the metadata with the galaxy images you can do (for example):
```python
from datasets import load_dataset, concatenate_datasets

# Load the `galaxies' dataset with metadata
galaxies = load_dataset("Smith42/galaxies", streaming=True)
metadata = load_dataset("Smith42/galaxies_metadata", streaming=True).remove_columns("dr8_id")
combined = concatenate_datasets([galaxies['train'], metadata['train']], axis=1)
```
The metadata is also available in parquet format in the root dir of this repo. 
You can link the metadata with the galaxies via their dr8_id.

## Useful links

Paper here: [https://arxiv.org/abs/2405.14930](https://arxiv.org/abs/2405.14930)

Models here: [https://huggingface.co/Smith42/astroPT](https://huggingface.co/Smith42/astroPT)

And here: [https://huggingface.co/Smith42/astroPT_v2.0](https://huggingface.co/Smith42/astroPT_v2.0)

Code here: [https://github.com/smith42/astroPT](https://github.com/smith42/astroPT)

Upstream catalogue is [on Zenodo](https://zenodo.org/records/8360385) and paper describing the catalogue is available as [Walmsley+2023](https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stad2919).

If you find this dataset useful please consider citing the sources below 🚀🚀:

```
@article{ref_dey2019,
	author = {Dey, A. and Schlegel, D. J. and Lang, D. and Blum, R. and Burleigh, K. and Fan, X. and Findlay, J. R. and Finkbeiner, D. and Herrera, D. and Juneau, S. and others},
	title = {{Overview of the DESI Legacy Imaging Surveys}},
	journal = {Astronomical Journal},
	volume = {157},
	number = {5},
	pages = {168},
	year = {2019},
	issn = {1538-3881},
	publisher = {The American Astronomical Society},
	doi = {10.3847/1538-3881/ab089d}
}
```

```
@article{ref_walmsley2023,
	author = {Walmsley, M. and G{\ifmmode\acute{e}\else\'{e}\fi}ron, T. and Kruk, S. and Scaife, A. M. M. and Lintott, C. and Masters, K. L. and Dawson, J. M. and Dickinson, H. and Fortson, L. and Garland, I. L. and others},
	title = {{Galaxy Zoo DESI: Detailed morphology measurements for 8.7M galaxies in the DESI Legacy Imaging Surveys}},
	journal = {Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society},
	volume = {526},
	number = {3},
	pages = {4768--4786},
	year = {2023},
	issn = {0035-8711},
	publisher = {Oxford Academic},
	doi = {10.1093/mnras/stad2919}
}
```

```
@article{ref_smith2024,
	author = {Smith, M. J. and Roberts, R. J. and Angeloudi, E. and Huertas-Company, M.},
	title = {{AstroPT: Scaling Large Observation Models for Astronomy}},
	journal = {ArXiv e-prints},
	year = {2024},
	eprint = {2405.14930},
	doi = {10.48550/arXiv.2405.14930}
}
```