diff --git a/markdowns/education_english_00036.md b/markdowns/education_english_00036.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..616367279c8bda504906dd76d85efdc9d095012d --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_english_00036.md @@ -0,0 +1,33 @@ +## ⑦ Talk, write and tell + +Work in groups. + +a. Ask your group members: What do you enjoy doing on weekends? Complete the form. + +
Do you enjoy ____ on weekends?How many students enjoy it?
Roller skatingTwo
Playing badminton
Flying a kite
Running
Swimming
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Do you enjoy playing ____ on weekends?How many students enjoy it?
Basketball
Volleyball
Table tennis
Tennis
Football
+ +b. Show the form to the class. Tell the class about the form. + +This is our form.Two students enjoy rollerskating on weekends. + + diff --git a/markdowns/education_english_00037.md b/markdowns/education_english_00037.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..6ef8131491a6ad8c141a9411abadb871b18ea12e --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_english_00037.md @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ +Activity 3 Talk to your classmates + +Tell your classmates about one of your friends. Use the sentences in the box. + +How old is he/she? + +What (subject) does he/she like? + +What does he/she enjoy doing? + +When is his/her birthday? + +What is he/she good/great at? + +What is his/her favourite month? Why? + +Example: Zhang Lili is twelve years old. Her birthday is on November 10th. She likes Chinese and English. She enjoys listening to music. She is great at table tennis. She is the first in the school game. + + + +Activity 4 Read, listen and write + +Listen to the story. Choose a word to fill in the blank. Then, look at the picture at the end and finish the story. + +Today is the fifth day in March. It's ___(Jan. 25th, Feb. 5th, Mar. 5th). It's the School Sports Day. All ___(a, an, the) children are very excited. Zhou Lin, Li Xiao and Andy are going to ___(run, roller skate, skip) in a race. + +Wang Li and Amy are going to play _____ (skateboard, table tennis, toys) for their class. Zhou Lin is very good at _____ (run, runs, running). He comes _____ (one, first, good). His friends are very happy. They all _____ (enjoy, enjoying, enjoyed) sports and like the School Sports Day. Next, Wang Li and Zhang Jia play for their class. Amy______________________________ + + diff --git a/markdowns/education_english_00038.md b/markdowns/education_english_00038.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..e88bbd4a1ffbecff61fef448ac5a43a102bc9ec4 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_english_00038.md @@ -0,0 +1,46 @@ +## Do a survey + +How did people do things in the past? How do people do things now? + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
In the pastNow
washed clothes by handuse a washing machine
+ + + +wash dlothes by hand + + + +use a washing macine + + + +write letters + + + +write emails + + + +watch black and white TV + + + +watch colour TV + +In the past, people washed clothesby hand. Now people use a washingmachine. + + + diff --git a/markdowns/education_english_00039.md b/markdowns/education_english_00039.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..5d231eb7875202af15cd09642b9cc2b776161450 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_english_00039.md @@ -0,0 +1,30 @@ +## Project 1 + +## Our school + +➀ What was your school like in the past? Ask your teachers and find out. + + + +• How many classrooms were there? + +• Were there a lot of trees around the playground? + +• Was there a computer room? + +• Was there a library? + +• Was there a garden? + +... + +② What is your school like now? Complete the table below and then give a report. + +
Our school____years agoNow
classroom____(number)____(number)
computer roomYes☐No☐Yes☐No☐
libraryYes☐No☐Yes☐No☐
gardenYes☐No☐Yes☐No☐
+ + + +In the past, there was/were ... +There wasn't/weren't... +Now, there's/there are ... + diff --git a/markdowns/education_english_00040.md b/markdowns/education_english_00040.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..088cfe2273b0b676ab298886cb915b1dbc1785ba --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_english_00040.md @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ +## Make and say + + + +Find a painting. + + + +Find a piece of cardboard. + + + +Stick the painting onto the cardboard. + + + +Cut the picture into pieces. + + + +Now do the puzzle. + + + +Let's make a puzzle. + +We need + +All right. What do we need? \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/markdowns/education_english_00041.md b/markdowns/education_english_00041.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..1debb3e019df2043d109151b2b5f7dd98172f505 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_english_00041.md @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +## ③ In groups, make a leaflet about the display. + +This is our first arts and crafts display. There are ___ paintings, ___ drawings, ___________ and ___________ in the display. Here are some of them: + + + +by Peter + + + +by Jill + + + +by Kitty + + + +Welcome to Class ___'s arts and crafts display! + + + +We hope you will enjoy our arts and crafts display! diff --git a/markdowns/education_english_00042.md b/markdowns/education_english_00042.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..0c74311a9200c66e118aaf5f74e170bbcc4db0fb --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_english_00042.md @@ -0,0 +1,37 @@ +## Complete the diary for Mark. + +Monday, 12th May + +On my way home, I met a woman. We talked about ________. + +The sign for the underground station in Shanghai is ________. The sign for the underground station in the UK is a _ .The word "_________" is in the middle. + +She also told me about animal signs. These signs tell people to ________________________. + + + +## Look and learn + + + +Look out for children. + + + +Look out for animals. + + + +No smoking. + + + +Keep quiet. + + + +No swimming. + + + +Don't walk on the grass. diff --git a/markdowns/education_english_00043.md b/markdowns/education_english_00043.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..501a25cdba736998bc97446aef42f990c1ca6805 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_english_00043.md @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +Read a story + +## The path of stones + +① + + + +Jack and Jane lived by the forest. Their father often said to them, "Never go into the forest. You may get lost." One day, Jack said to Jane, "Let's go into the forest and have a look." + +② + +Jack and Jane went into the forest. They saw beautiful flowers and interesting insects. They were happy. After some time, they felt hungry and tired. + + + +③ + + + +Jane looked around. She could not find her way. She said to Jack, "Jack, we're lost!" "Don't worry. Look at the stones on the ground. I dropped them on the way. We can follow them back home," said Jack. diff --git a/markdowns/education_english_00044.md b/markdowns/education_english_00044.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..74b222385e22525b3ad6b4b48bd96179df7630c0 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_english_00044.md @@ -0,0 +1,100 @@ +## Grammar review fable + +## 1 Pronouns + +
Iwetheyyouhesheit
meusthemyouhimherit
myourtheiryourhisherits
mineourstheirsyourshishers
+ +## ② Countable nouns + + + + + + + +
a pear
pears
+
+ + + + + + +
an applean orange
applesbuses
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
a boxa potato a matcha bus
boxespotatoesmatchesbuses
+ + + + + + + + +
a leaf
leaves
+ + + + + + + + + +
a babya library
babieslibraries
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
a mana woman
menwomen
+ +
a foota tooth
feetteeth
+ + + + + + + + + + +
a sheepa fish
sheepfish
+ + + + + + + +
a child
children
+
a mouse
mice
+ + diff --git a/markdowns/education_english_00045.md b/markdowns/education_english_00045.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..bba6365c4ee0f027fda1e274a2434a3bf268cabc --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_english_00045.md @@ -0,0 +1,42 @@ +## ⑥ have, like + + + + +
I/We/They/Youhavesome biscuits.
He/She/Ithas
+ + + + + +
Do they/you have any cousins ?
Doeshe/she
+ + + + +
I/We/They/You like playing football .
He/She/Itlikes
+ + + + +
Do you/they like playing football .
Doeshe/she
+ + + +## ⑦ do, does, go, goes ... + +
The sunrisesin the morning.
goes downin the evening
+ + + +
I/We/They/Youoftenplay football
go shopping
at the weekend.
He/Sheplays football
goes shopping
+ +
Dothey/youplay footballat the weekend?
Doeshe/shesee a film
+ + +## ⑧ Wh-questions + +
Whatisit/this/that?
arethey/these/those
doeshe/shedo
dowe/they/youhave
+ + + diff --git a/markdowns/education_english_00046.md b/markdowns/education_english_00046.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..8596bdecf92f417899e1d2ee173639716d0cb385 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_english_00046.md @@ -0,0 +1,33 @@ + + +Henry Penny, Cocky Locky and Goosey Loosey run down the road. They saw Lucky Ducky. + + + +Henny Penny, Cocky Locky, Goosey Loosey and Lucky Ducky ran down the road. They met Mr Fox. + + + + + +They followed Mr Fox to his home, Nobody saw Henny Penny, Cocky Lucky, Goosey Looney or Lucky Ducky again. Now Mr Fox is very fat. He hopes the sky falls down every day! + +## Ⓑ Answer the questions. + +1. What fell on Henry Percy? + +2. Who did Henry Penny meet first? + +3. Where did Mr Fox take the four birds? + +4. What do you think happened to the four birds? + +5.Was the sky falling? + +## © Act out the story. + + +## 故事梗概: + +Henny Penny 在大树下觅食的时候,一粒坚果掉在她头上。她以为天要塌了,吓得撒腿就跑。一路上,她依次碰到了 Cocky Locky, Goosey Loosey 和 Lucky Ducky,并告诉他们天要塌了。他们也吓坏了,纷纷跟着她逃亡。当他们碰到狐狸,并告诉狐狸天要塌了时,狡猾的狐狸说他们家很安全,并邀请他们去避难。他们跟这狐狸去了,从此之后再也没有人见到过他们,而只见到长胖了的狐狸…… + diff --git a/markdowns/education_english_00047.md b/markdowns/education_english_00047.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..a43ab687b717dfd871e5a8feae9825feba847034 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_english_00047.md @@ -0,0 +1,75 @@ +2. 说中监控 + +要求学生根据自己的实际情况,围绕第二组的三个问题两人一组开展对话。教师巡视全班,确保每个学生都在认真对话;此外,要鼓励有能力的学生输出更多轮的对话,还要解决个别学困生的问题。 + +3. 说后展评 + +请不同层次的学生进行对话,引导优秀、中等生说得更多、更好;鼓励学困生开口说,并及时表扬他们的进步。 + +## C. Let's read. + +1. 读前: 看图预测 + +教师引导学生看C项插图并预测文章内容:Tina, Jenny and Sherry are going on their summer vacation. Look at the pictures. Where are they going? What do you think they are going to do there? + +2. 读中:完成任务 + +(1)第一遍读的任务:Match the pictures with the paragraphs. 即请学生通读文章,验证读前预测,并获取文章大意,把图片和相对应的段落连线。 + +(2)第二遍阅读的任务:Read the passage and fill in the chart. 建议学生首先在文中画出与答案相关的文字,然后再根据相关文字填写表格。 + +3. 读后:总结回顾 + +(1)教师带领学生核对答案。 + +(2)请学生首先尝试自己朗读文段,然后跟录音修正和提高自己的朗读技巧。 + +(3)请学生根据图片和填好的表格的提示,复述Tina、Jenny and Sherry的暑假计划。或者设计以下讨论活动:If you want to go to the UK/USA, how are you going there? What are you going to do there? + +## D. Let's write. + +1. 写前 + +组织学生结对活动,就D项的问题进行问答。提醒学生用完整的句子回答,为写作做准备。 + +2. 写中 + +请学生根据问题的引导写出自己暑假的旅游计划。要求学生至少写出五至六句话;并鼓励学生表达自己的真情实感。 + +可提醒学生参考C项文章的内容和写法。在学生写作过程中,教师巡视全班,发现问题及时解决,帮助不同层次的学生取得进步。 + +3. 写后 + +(1)引导学生运用下表进行自我评价。 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
评价内容GreatBetterGood
书写规范
句义连贯
内容丰富
+ +(2)请学生相互阅读对方作品,相互学习,并写出简单的评语。 + +Tip: 重点提醒学生相互检查一般将来时“be going to + 动词原形”的结构在写作中的表达是否准确。 + +(3)教师引导全班分享几份不同层次的作品,指出优点,提出改进建议。 + +(4)请学生修改自己的作品,再上交给教师。 + +(5)建议展出全班学生修改后的作品,让全班学生在课后相互观看,互相学习。读者越多,创作者的动力越大。 diff --git a/markdowns/education_english_00048.md b/markdowns/education_english_00048.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..6a34d9123bf1c0c71224f4ddbbc31b52512cc7ba --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_english_00048.md @@ -0,0 +1,75 @@ +## A. Listen and write. + +1. 复习热身 + +师生就 Travel Plans, In China 和 A Great Trip 三个话题自由谈话, 可谈论过去的度假情况和寒假度假计划: + +Where did you go last summer vacation? + +Where is it? + +How did you go there? + +What is it famous for? + +What did you do there? + +Where do you want to go this winter vacation? + +Where is it? + +How do you want to go there? + +What is it famous for? + +... + +2. 听前准备 + +引导学生关注A项的文字和图片信息:Look at Part A. What are Bill's family doing? What can you see in the pictures? What are these places? + +引导学生明确听力任务:填空;并预测横线上可能填什么内容。 + +3. 听中完成任务 + +播放三遍录音,要求学生第一遍整体了解听力内容;第二遍边听边查相关信息;第三遍边听边补全缺漏,检查和修正答案。 + +4. 听后核对答案 + +教师分别运用以下功能句可引导学生逐一核对答案:How many hours does it take to fly from Beijing to Chengdu? How many hours does it take to travel from Beijing to Xi'an by train? How can you get to Shaolin Temple from Beijing within four hours? How can you get to Tibet from Beijing within five hours? + +在核对完答案后,请学生再听一遍录音,将四个地方出名的原因,以及游客可以在该处所做的活动记录下来,为B项的说做准备。 + +## B. Let's talk. + +1. 说前复习、示范 + +(1) 承上启下 + +依据A项内容,师生一起讨论第一个问题:What can you do in Sichuan? + +之后,请学生结对讨论:What can you do in Henan/Shaanxi/Tibet? + +(2) 示范对话 + +教师和一个学生示范,围绕所有五个问题进行对话,可在此基础上拓展。 + +2. 说中监控 + +要求学生根据B项五个问题的提示和自己的实际情况对话。 + +教师要巡视全班,确保每个学生都认真对话。此外,可鼓励学有余力的学生输出更多话轮,并帮助学习有困难的学生完成对话。 + +3. 说后展评 + +请不同层次的学生分别展示对话,引导优秀、中等生说得更多、更好:鼓励学困生开口说,并及时表扬他们的进步。 + +## C. Let's read. + +1. 读前:预测内容 + +教师提醒学生根据标题和图片预测文章内容,如:Look at the title. Guess who had a wonderful holiday in China? + +Now look at the three pictures. What + + diff --git a/markdowns/education_english_00049.md b/markdowns/education_english_00049.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..cdfbc6fdab775852456fcbfedfcd3ec11126bda6 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_english_00049.md @@ -0,0 +1,35 @@ +Setting(环境): In a village + +Characters (人物): Wenwen, Taotao, Baobao, the wolf, the mother + +Plot(情节): +1. The mother left the three children at home, and an old wolf saw allthis. + +2. The old wolf pretended to be the children's grandmother and visited them. + +3. They went to bed together. + +4. Wenwen found that the wolf was not their grandmother. She took her brothers out to "get nuts for the wolf". + +5. They climbed to the top of the tree, and asked the wolf to get into a basket beside the tree. + +6. They pulled the wolf high in the air and then let go of the rope. + +7. The wolf couldn'tmove. + +8. The children climbed down from the tree, ran into the house andlocked the door. They were safe. + +Tip: 教师要引导学生进一步分析故事的结构,故事的开端是什么,发展过程是什么,高潮是什么,结局是什么。每一步可以总结成一到两个句子,为复述故事打基础。 + +(5)复述故事 + +教师请学生看故事图片,或根据上面完成的故事结构图,尝试复述故事。 + +可以组织学生先在小组内练习,然后随机选取几个组进行展示。 + +(6)拓展讨论 + +What do you think of the wolf/children? +What have you learned from the story? + + diff --git a/markdowns/education_english_00050.md b/markdowns/education_english_00050.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..10bd25a4ccfaf803bc0b61f4954956f41bbd6968 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_english_00050.md @@ -0,0 +1,32 @@ +What's your favourite season? + +Spring. It's warm and windy. +I can fly a kite in spring. + + + +## 单元教学目标 + +## 语言技能目标 + +## 第一层次: + +1. 能够听懂、会说有关季节及其气温特点的八个词汇:spring, summer, autumn, winter, hot, warm, cool 和 cold,并尝试借助图片和首、尾字母提示整体识别单词。 + +2. 能够听懂、会说有关询问和回答某人最喜爱的季节及其气温特点的功能句:What's your favourite season? Spring. / Summer. / Autumn. / Winter. It's warm / hot/cool/cold. 并能初步在恰当的情境中运用。 + +3. 能够按照正确笔顺书写字母 Ii, Jj, Kk, Ll;复习它们在词首的常见发音,并尝试拼读单词,然后把其所缺字母补充完整;尝试在图片和首、尾字母的帮助下整体识别单词。 + +## 第二层次: + +能够借助录音、图片、文字和教师的讲解读懂本单元的小故事,并能在教师帮助下尝试表演故事。 + +## 其他目标 + +1. 能够跟随录音大胆模仿说唱本单元的歌谣和歌曲。 + +2. 能够在谈论季节的活动中,进一步关注四季的不同特点,增长生活常识。 + +3. 能够从本单元的故事中体会到不劳无获的道理。 + + diff --git a/markdowns/education_english_00051.md b/markdowns/education_english_00051.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..363c77177627d5a9c81aaecc0b6dfce55a3a2b10 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_english_00051.md @@ -0,0 +1,74 @@ +## A. Look, listen and repeat. + +1. 热身复习 + +(1)教师带领学生复习第一课时的歌谣。 + +(2)“听一听,猜一猜”游戏:板书呈现第一课时的八个词汇后,教师说:/h/, 学生听音后回应说:hot。教师提问:In which season is the weather hot? 然后引导学生关注单词首字母的发音,巩固第一课时的内容。 + +2. 呈现新的学习内容 + +(1)教师引导学生观察主情境图,然后提问学生:Who are they? Where are they? What are they doing? What are Angel and Lucky talking about? 从而引出对话情境。 + +(2)聚焦A项对话:教师出示A项图,把文字部分覆盖住,引导学生观察图片后回答:How about Joy, Yaoyao and Lily? What are they talking about? + +3. 语言学习和操练 + +(1)教师呈现对话内容,请学生看图听对话,感知大意。 + +(2) 学生听对话录音,再次感知。 + +(3)学生听录音,反复跟读。 + +(4)分角色朗读:师生集体分角色朗读对话;学生集体分角色朗读对话;学生结对分角色朗读对话;最后请学生展示。 + +## B. Let's survey. + +1. 出示调查表 + +(1)教师引导学生看B项图片,说一说图片中的内容。 + +(2)学生聚焦对话人物Andy和Yaoyao。然后教师提问:What are they talking about? + +(3)学生听录音,了解对话内容。 + +(4)学生再次听录音,教师依据对话内容说明调查表填写方法。 + +(5)教师与一名学生结对,示范对话并填写表格。 + +T: David, what's your favourite season? + +S: Winter. I can make a snowman. What's your favourite season? + +T: Spring. I can fly a kite. + +2. 结对调查 + +(1)学生听问题:What's your favourite season? 然后全班先进行20秒的思考后再进行交流。 + +(2) 学生结对问答,完成调查。 + +(3)学生汇报调查结果。 + +Tip: 调查前,教师应给学生充足的思考时间,以便让学生能够结合个人情况真实地进行语言表述。 + +3. 学习补充歌曲 + +(1)教师播放录音,让学生欣赏歌曲。 + +Tip: 教师根据四季颜色提供相应图片,帮助学生理解歌词含义。 + +(2)教师再次播放录音,让学生跟唱歌曲。 + +## 4. 创编新对话 + +(1)教师呈现图片情境,并进行示范,如: + +S: What's your favourite season? + +T: Winter. It's cold and white. I can make a snowman. + +(2) 学生结对尝试创编对话。 + +(3) 学生展示所编对话。 + diff --git a/markdowns/education_english_00052.md b/markdowns/education_english_00052.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..01632d17194e91613d12b768474a713a5c808fc5 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_english_00052.md @@ -0,0 +1,62 @@ +Look, match and write. + +a. waiter + +b. engineer + +c. doctor + +d. cook + +e. postman + +f. nurse + +1. + + + +He's a doctor. + +2. + + + +3. + + + +4. + + + +5. + + + +6. + + + +## Listen and circle the words you hear. + +1. A. plane B. black C. fly D. blue + +2. A. coin B. oil C. point D. boil + +3. A. soy B. joy C. toy D. boy + +4. A. moon B. spoon C. room D. soon + +5. A. food B. cook C. mood D. good + +## Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the given words. + +1. I wash my __________ (foot) every day. So they are very clean. + +2. There are six big yellow __________ (box) in the classroom. + +3. Look! Two __________ (fly) are swimming in my soup. + +4. She can sing many English and Chinese ________ (song). + diff --git a/markdowns/education_english_00053.md b/markdowns/education_english_00053.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..c92d19960eba295dbc9bfcc67fb5896cebc78f35 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_english_00053.md @@ -0,0 +1,61 @@ +## Self-assessment + +How well do you know Unit 2? Draw 🙂, 😐 or ☹️ for your work. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Super!Great!Try hard!
I can say the new words.
I can act out the dialogues.
I can spell the words with the sounds cl, gl,br,fr,pr,cr,gr, tr and dr.
I can read the stories.
I can use verbs,pronouns,
adjectives and adverbs
correctly.
I can sing.
I can chant.
+ +Now let's do more practice. + +## Listen and tick. + +1. + +2. + +3. + +4. + +5. + +6. diff --git a/markdowns/education_english_00054.md b/markdowns/education_english_00054.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..0f7d63a1ab2222ad501c7a03b5d6d3bbc0646df0 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_english_00054.md @@ -0,0 +1,54 @@ +## Read and understand. + +It was a lovely summer in the countryside. The sun was shining. A mother duck was sitting on some eggs. The mother duck had to work hard, for the little ones were coming out of their shells. Finally some baby ducks were born and cried, "Peep, peep." "Quack, quack," said the mother, and then they all quacked like that. At last the largest egg broke, and a young one came out. He was very large and ugly. His mother didn't like him. But his brothers and sisters didn't like him. He had to run away from home. + +Autumn came and the leaves turned yellow. He felt lonely. + +Winter came. It was so cold. The poor duckling felt very sad. + +Spring came. He swam in a big lake. Now he was a beautiful swan. How happy he was! + +Sit on some eggs means ___. + + + +A. 坐在蛋上 +B. 孵蛋 + +Run away from home means _______________ in Chinese. + + + +Read the story and number the following pictures. + + +() + + +() + + +() + + +() + + +() + + +() + +Read again and write T (true) or F (false). + +( ) 1. It was summer and a mother duck was playing in the grass. + +( ) 2. The mother duck didn't like her babies. + +( ) 3. The Ugly Duckling didn't like his brothers or sisters. + +( )4. The Ugly Duckling felt lonely in autumn. + +( ) 5. The Ugly Duckling was very happy because he was a beautiful swan. + +Retell the story based on the pictures above, or act out the story in groups. diff --git a/markdowns/education_english_00055.md b/markdowns/education_english_00055.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..8dd65d695b45b81c9840dd5458ef8feb273624ca --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_english_00055.md @@ -0,0 +1,258 @@ +## Word List + +(标注*号的要求能听懂、会说,其余的还要求能整体认读) + +## Unit 1 Different Jobs + +## Lesson 1 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
postman邮递员
post office邮局
waiter服务生
restaurant饭店
engineer工程师
factory工厂
on night duty值夜班
taxi driver出租车司机
bring带来
sir先生
+ +## Lesson 2 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
good好的
better更好的
cheap便宜的
cheaper更便宜的
long长的
longer更长的
big大的
bigger更大的
tall高的
taller更高的
hot热的
hotter更热的
short短的
shorter更短的
pretty漂亮的
prettier更漂亮的
on sale廉价出售
than usual与平时相比
try on试穿
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
*honey宝贝;蜂蜜
suit适合
well很好地;充分地
marry
*princess公主
*smart聪明的
*well-learned有学问的
+ +## Lesson 3 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
have a headache头疼
have a cough咳嗽
have a cold感冒
see a doctor看病
stay in bed卧床休息
take some medicine吃药
healthy健康的
way of life生活方式
feel ill感到难受
must必须
stay at home待在家里
had better do sth.最好做某事
had better not do sth.最好不要做某事
have a good rest好好休息
miss错过
match比赛
laugh
most大多数
*laughter笑声
*equal等于
*exercise muscle锻炼肌肉
*breathe deeply深呼吸
*relax放松
be good for对……有好处
sick people病人
diff --git a/markdowns/education_english_00056.md b/markdowns/education_english_00056.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..e1f7fff702d33fbb456889693045a4125336b575 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_english_00056.md @@ -0,0 +1,119 @@ +Wordlist (by unit) + +注:本表不收录有关指示语、语法讲解、学习技巧和课题(Project)中的生词。括号中所标数字为该词条在本教科书中首次出现时的页码。带*号的单词只要求会读、听得懂,不要求拼写。单词音标以Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary (7th Edition)为依据,其中元音有短元音/i/、/e/、/æ/、/ʌ/和弱元音/i/、/u/、/ə/、/ʊə/之分。 + +## Unit 1 + + +
palace /'pæləs/ n. 皇宫,宫殿(6)
next to prep. 紧邻,在…近旁(6)
town /taʊn/ n. 镇,城镇(6)
Canada /'kænədə/ n. 加拿大(7)
France /frɑːns/ n. 法国(7)
Japan /'dʒæpən/ n. 日本(7)
Russia /'rʌʃə/ n. 俄罗斯(7)
UK /juː 'keɪ/ əbbr (= United Kingdom) 英国(7)
London /'lʌndən/ n. 伦敦(7)
country /'kʌntri/ n. 国家(7)
capital /'kæpɪtl/ n. 首都(7)
mile /maɪl/ n. 英里(8)
garden /'gɑːdn/ n. 花园,果园(8)
*flat /flæt/ n. 公寓,套房(8)
centre /'sentə(r)/ n. <英> 中心 = <美> center(8)
living room n. 起居室,客厅(8)
share /ʃeə(r)/ vt. 合用,分享(8)
share sth with sb 与某人合用/分享某物(8)
bedroom /'bedruːm; 'bedrʊm/ n. 卧室(8)
own /oʊn/ adj. 自己的(8)
bathroom /'bɑːθruːm; 'bɑːθrʊm/ n. 浴室,盥洗室(8)
*balcony /'bælkəni/ n. 阳台(8)
beach /biːtʃ/ n. 海滩(8)
sea /siː/ n. 海(8)
dining room n. 餐厅(9)
zero /'ziːərəʊ/ num. 零(11)
hundred /'hʌndrəd/ num. 百(11)
thousand /'θaʊzənd/ num. 千(11)
million /'mɪljən/ num. 百万(11)
foot /fʊt/ n. (pl. feet) 英尺(11)
square /skweə(r)/ adj. 平方的(11)
metre /'miːtə(r)/ n. <英> 米,公尺 = <美> meter(11)
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
area /ˈeəriə/ n. 面积(11)
over /ˈəʊvə(r)/ prep. 超过(11)
fork /fɔːk/ n. 叉,叉子(13)
fridge /frɪdʒ/ n. (= refrigerator) 冰箱(13)
knife /naɪf/ n. (pl. knives) 刀(13)
lamp /læmp/ n. 灯,台灯(13)
shower /ˈʃaʊə(r)/ n. 淋浴器,淋浴(13)
sofa /ˈsəʊfə/ n. 沙发(13)
video /ˈvɪdiəʊ/ n. 录像;视频(14)
be full of 满是(14)
of one's own 属于某人自己的(14)
some day 将来有一天,总有一天(14)
may /meɪ/ modal v. 可以,也许,可能(14)
message /ˈmesɪdʒ/ n. 消息,音信(14)
take a message 传个话,捎个口信(14)
call sb back 回电话(14)
double /ˈdʌbl/ adj. 双的,两倍的(14)
study /ˈstʌdi/ n. 书房(16)
machine /məˈʃiːn/ n. 机器(16)
washing machine /ˈwɒʃɪŋ məˈʃiːn/ n. 洗衣机(16)
at the foot of 在…脚下(17)
field /fiːld/ n. 地,田(17)
football field n. 足球场(17)
home cinema n. 家庭影院(17)
invite /ɪnˈvaɪt/ vt. 邀请(17)
stay /steɪ/ vi. 停留,逗留(17)
+ +## Unit 2 + +
neighbour /ˈneɪbə(r)/ n. <英> 邻居
= <美> neighbor
(18)
* wow /waʊ/ excl. 哇,呀(18)
will /wɪl/ modal v. 将,将会(18)
visitor /ˈvɪzɪtə(r)/ n. 访问者,参观者(18)
like /laɪk/ prep. 像,类似;…怎么样(18)
*waiter /ˈweɪtə(r)/ n. (餐馆等的)服务员(18)
diff --git a/markdowns/education_english_00057.md b/markdowns/education_english_00057.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..a7a00475c5728151a80723ca198ec72fd7e7030a --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_english_00057.md @@ -0,0 +1,44 @@ + + +Grammar + +## A Using a, an and the + +We use a or an when we mention a person or thing for the first time. We use the before a noun when the person or thing is mentioned again, or when we are talking about a specific person or thing. + + + +Look! Here is a panda. + + + +The panda is eating bamboo. + +## Fun in the zoo + +Millie and Daniel are talking about the animals in the zoo. Complete their conversation with a, an or the. + +Millie: Let's go to the Panda House first. + +Daniel: Here we are. I can see (1) ________ panda there. It's lying on the grass. + +Millie: How cute! I really love pandas. Look! There's $^{(2)}$ ________ baby panda. It's so small. + +Daniel: Yes.$^{(3)}$ ___ baby panda doesn't look like its mother. + +Millie: Now let's go to see some lions. + +Daniel: Are ${}^{(4)}$ ___ lions in ${}^{(5)}$ ___ open area? + +Millie: No, they aren't. They're in (6) __________ very big cage. + +Daniel: I see. + +(Half an hour later) + +Daniel: Millie, here's (7) ________ bridge. What can you see across it? + +Millie: Oh, (8) ________ elephant is standing over there. + +Daniel: Let's go across ${}^{(9)}$ ___ bridge and see ${}^{(10)}$ ___ elephant. + diff --git a/markdowns/education_english_00058.md b/markdowns/education_english_00058.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..7f95de8a591a1a89eea96194e7364ba0f1fe5af5 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_english_00058.md @@ -0,0 +1,49 @@ +## Talking about the past + +A→ Millie wants to practise using the simple past tense. Help her write the simple past tense of the verbs below. + +1 start ___ + +2 love ___ + +3 play ___ + +4 plan ___ + +5 reply ___ + +6 say ___ + +7 meet ___ + +8 hear ___ + +9 leave ___ + +10 tell ___ + +11 stand ___ + +12 bring ___ + +B→ The students visited the Fun World Museum. Here is Millie's diary entry. Help her complete it with the simple past tense of the verbs in brackets. + +This morning, we ${}^{(1)}$ ___ (go) to the Fun World Museum. When we ${}^{(2)}$ ___ (get) to the museum, there ${}^{(3)}$ ___ (be) a lot of people there. We ${}^{(4)}$ ___ (spend) three hours in the museum. + +I ${}^{(5)}$ __________ (take) a lot of photos. Some of us ${}^{(6)}$ __________ (buy) cards of the animals there. We ${}^{(7)}$ __________ (come) back to school at 1 p.m. We ${}^{(8)}$ __________ (have) a great time! + +C→ Daniel did not go to the Fun World Museum. Millie is telling him about the visit. Help Millie complete the conversation. + +Millie: We ${}^{(1)}$ ___ (go) to the Fun World Museum the day before yesterday, Daniel. It ${}^{(2)}$ ___ (be) so interesting! + +Daniel: Really? Tell me all about it. + +Millie: OK. We (3) ________ (see) a small monkey, only 11 centimetres tall! + +Daniel: That's amazing! What else? + +Millie: We also ${}^{(4)}$ ___ (learn) about some strange birds like dodos. They ${}^{(5)}$ ___ (live) on the earth a long time ago. + +Daniel: That's cool! + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/markdowns/education_english_00059.md b/markdowns/education_english_00059.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..bb30fa5073c217ed2af0a3bb812ecf762b78ea27 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_english_00059.md @@ -0,0 +1,77 @@ +## B Using What and How to express strong feelings + +We use What ... ! or How ... ! in a short phrase to express strong feelings about someone or something. + +How dangerous! + +What a brave man! + + + +We make sentences with What ... ! and How ... ! like this: + +We use a noun phrase after What to form an exclamation. We use an adjective after How to form an exclamation. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Noun phraseAdjective
Whata beautiful flower(it is)!Howbeautiful(the flower is)!
beautiful flowers(they are)!beautiful(the flowers are)!
an interesting idea(he has)!interesting(his idea is)!
interesting ideas(you have)!interesting(your ideas are)!
nice music(it is)!nice(the music is)!
+ +## What can Superman do? + +→ Millie is asking Simon what he knows about Superman. Help Millie complete the conversation with What and How. + +Millie: What can Superman do, Simon? + +Simon: Superman can see through walls. + +Millie: $^{(1)}$ ___ amazing! His eyes are just like X-rays. + +Simon: Yes. He can also burn things with his eyes. + +Millie: $^{(2)}$ ________ special eyes he has! How about his ears? + +Simon: He can hear things far away. + +Millie: $^{(3)}$ ________ strange! What else can he do? + +Simon: He can stop a train with his hands. + +Millie: $^{(4)}$ _______ strong he is! Can he fly? + +Simon: Yes. He can fly as fast as light. + +Millie: $^{(5)}$ ________ a wonderful man! + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/markdowns/education_english_00060.md b/markdowns/education_english_00060.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..6fdb9777ac62dc99a64684757f5acbb52f11e09b --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_english_00060.md @@ -0,0 +1,52 @@ +Reading + +## A Poems about pets + +→ It is Pets Week at Sunshine Middle School. Millie took a poetry book about animals to school. Here are her favourite poems. + +## My dog + +My dog is the cleverest animal of all. + +He doesn't just run after a ball. + +With eyes open wide, + +5 He hunts when I hide. +He does wonderful tricks, +Builds me camps out of sticks. +He’d never bark or bite, +And he doesn’t like to fight. + +10 My dog is my best friend, +And I'll look after him till the end. + + + +## My goldfish + +My goldfish is a wonderful pet. She doesn't need a bed. + +15 She isn't any trouble. + +She doesn't bark. + +She doesn't miaow. + +Just bubbles, + +Bubbles, + +20 Bubbles. + +My goldfish is a wonderful pet. +She doesn't need a bed. +She isn't any trouble. +We don't have to feed her much. + +25 She doesn't need a gentle touch. +Just bubbles, +Bubbles, +Bubbles. + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/markdowns/education_english_00061.md b/markdowns/education_english_00061.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..4bf74f36115d766687f9411b1630ff6f7635da84 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_english_00061.md @@ -0,0 +1,33 @@ +## Learning tips + +## Unit 1 + +Change some words of the rhyme. + +替换歌谣中的部分歌词。 + +学会一首歌谣后,我们可以替换其中的部分单词,如用Art替换Music。这样,我们就编出一首新的歌谣了。把自己的歌谣大声念给大家听听吧! + +## Unit 2 + +MON = Monday. + +MON 等于 Monday。 + +在日历上表示星期的单词常常使用缩写形式,如 Monday 缩写为 MON,Tuesday 缩写为 TUE。 + +## Unit 3 + +Talk about your day. + +谈谈你的一天。 + +用学过的英语谈谈你某一天的活动。这样做,既可以帮助我们复习所学的单词和句型,也可以锻炼我们说英语的能力和胆量。 + +## Unit 4 + +Note this sound. + +注意这个字母的发音。 + +发这个音时,要控制口型,嘴巴不要张得太大。学习语音时,我们要先看清老师的口型,听准老师的发音,然后再认真模仿。 diff --git a/markdowns/education_english_00062.md b/markdowns/education_english_00062.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..d8e1e5cf2f2597b4224d7fa564f33511fb710ab7 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_english_00062.md @@ -0,0 +1,92 @@ +## Word lists + +## (I) + +## Unit 1 + +school 学校 + +subject 课程 + +Welcome back to ... +欢迎回到…… + +see 看见,看到 + +timetable 课程表;时间表 + +Chinese 语文(课) + +Maths 数学(课) + +Art 美术(课) + +PE 体育(课) + +Music 音乐(课) + +Science 科学(课) + +fun 乐趣,快乐 + +go to 去…… + +playground 操场 + +lesson 课 + +Monday 星期一 + +afternoon 下午 + +## Unit 2 + +after school 放学后 + +go 去 + +What day is it today? +今天星期几? + +Wednesday 星期三 + +match 比赛 + +today 今天 + +What a pity! 真遗憾! + +Saturday 星期六 + +All right. 好的。 + +Sunday 星期日 + +Tuesday 星期二 + +Thursday 星期四 + +Friday 星期五 + +get up 起床 + +when 什么时候 + +every 每个 + +day 天 + +## Unit 3 + +usually 通常,常常 + +go to school 上学 + +in the morning 在上午 + +have lunch 吃午饭 + +in the afternoon 在下午 + +play football 踢足球 + diff --git a/markdowns/education_english_00063.md b/markdowns/education_english_00063.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..baf2dccf40f2f144b0a44cad883449d76e066481 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_english_00063.md @@ -0,0 +1,89 @@ +学生根据录音信息完成连线活动Listen and match。 + + Before +short tallstrong quiet active funny ... + +Now +short tallstrong quiet active funny ... + +Mike + + + +John + + + +(3)教师组织学生根据听到的信息口头描述 Mike 和 John 的变化。 + +(4)教师再次放录音,组织学生打开教材跟读课文。 + +(5)组织学生细读对话,让学生提出自己不懂的词句,教师给予解释。对话中 You're wearing a pink T-shirt. 虽是指 Mike 老照片里所穿的衣服,但在谈论照片时,欧美人士比较倾向于用一般现在时或进行时进行描述。由于本单元学习的核心语言是现在与过去的比较,教师不需强调此句的用法,学生理解即可。 + +(6)教师组织学生分角色朗读并表演对话,亦可利用教师用书配套光盘中的角色扮演功能,请学生给对话配音。 + +方案二:从呈现完整对话到处理局部语言 + +(1)听前预测:延续Let's try的交流,教师介绍Let's talk的对话背景并提出问题,引导学生想象他们三人以前的样子和性格:John is looking at the old photos with Mike and Chen Jie. They are talking about their changes. What were they like before? + +教师可给出以下提示单词或短语: + +Appearance: short, tall, fat, thin, long hair, short hair ... + +Character: quiet, active, kind, funny ... +...... + +(2)整体感知对话,获取核心信息。教师请学生观看动画或阅读文本,根据文本信息完成表格。阅读对话,并在相关的信息下打钩。 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
BeforeNow
quietactivetallshortfunnyquietactivetallshortfunny
Mike
Chen Jie
John
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/markdowns/education_english_00064.md b/markdowns/education_english_00064.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..f9427e91a02a99d552fb5d0d127e5f975bdc3c9b --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_english_00064.md @@ -0,0 +1,74 @@ +人物的表情、动作猜测问题的答案。 + +• 教师请学生带着问题看动画或阅读文本获取信息,并在此过程中帮助学生理解 drank 的意思。 + +(4)引出核心句型并理解、分析句型。 + +• 教师提问:What did Mike and his grandpa do? 引导学生回答:Mike ... Grandpa ... + +•教师继续提问:Did he do anything else? 引导学生回答:He ... + +• 教师板书核心句型,请学生找出句子中有什么特别的地方。核心句型如下: + +How was Grandpa’s weekend? It was good. + +What did he do? He stayed at home. + +Did you do anything else? I cleaned my room and washed my clothes. + +教师请学生认真思考,初步归纳一般过去时的句子有什么特点。 + +1. be — was + +2. V + ed + +3. did + +4. last weekend + +• 教师请学生认真思考,填写以下表格: + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Iwasbusylast weekend.
He/__/Itbusy
You/We/__busy
+ +2. 巩固与拓展 + +方案一: + +(1)教师请学生完整地听对话之前先做头脑风暴活动,预测Grandpa与Mike周末过得怎么样,分别做了什么事情。教师可提出以下问题: + +What did Mike do last weekend? + +What did Grandpa do? + +How was their weekend? + +(2)“听对话,做动作”游戏 + +教师请学生听对话的录音,当听到描述 Mike 与 Grandpa 周末活动及感受的语句时,学生起立,重复读一次,如下所示: + +It was good.(起立并复读) + +I stayed at home with your grandma.(起立并复读) + +We drank tea in the afternoon and watched TV.(起立并复读) + +I watched TV, too.(起立并复读) + +I watched some children's on TV.(起立并复读) + +I cleaned my room and washed my clothes.(起立并复读) diff --git a/markdowns/education_english_00065.md b/markdowns/education_english_00065.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..87d4b65b7b15a1b2558644bc0f5b2072ddd04703 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_english_00065.md @@ -0,0 +1,58 @@ +• 本部分的教学目标是:学生能够听、说、读、写上述词组;能够正确运用上述词组描述人物在过去时间内做的事情;能够理解一般过去时动词的规则形式是在词尾加-ed。 + +教学建议: + +1. 呈现与操练 + +方案一:利用教材中的情景展开单词教学 + +(1)看一看,猜一猜 + +师生看Mike周末活动的图片,从一般性的周末活动到上周Mike所做的事情。教师请学生边看图边说出动词词组,从而引出一般过去时的动词词组。 + +(2)看一看,说一说 + +教师从 Mike 上周末所做的事情过渡到陈杰上周末的活动,利用教学挂图呈现 A Let's learn 板块的插图,提问:How was Chen Jie's weekend? What did she do? 请学生根据插图回答问题。 + +(3)教师请学生听 A Let's learn 板块的对话,听后写出对话中提到的活动名称。 + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
clean my roomcleaned my room
wash my clotheswashed my clothes
stay at homestayed at home √
watch TVwatched TV √
+ +(4)教师指着表格中右列的词组,请学生观察有什么特点,从而引出一般过去时动词的规则变化,即在动词词尾直接加-ed。教师引导学生对比朗读两列动词词组。 + +方案二:通过真实情景展开单词教学 + +(1) 师生一起吟唱有关周末活动的歌谣 What do you do on the weekend? 复习与周末活动有关的动词词组。 + +(2)师生一起看日历及活动图片进行问答,谈谈自己周末一般会做什么以及上周末做了什么。教师随机呈现一般现在时以及一般过去时的动词词组。师生对话示例如下: + +T: What do you usually do on weekends? + +Ss: I often ... + +T: How was your weekend? What did you do? + +Ss: I ... + +T: Did you watch TV last weekend? + +Ss: Yes, I did. + +(3)教师读出动词短语,学生快速做动作,谁的动作又快又准确,谁就获胜。 + +(4)“看谁做得快”游戏 + +每组学生选派一名代表背对黑板,教师指着黑板上的词组,请其他学生快速读出某个词组,台上的几名学生,谁做的动作最慢,谁就出局。 + diff --git a/markdowns/education_english_00066.md b/markdowns/education_english_00066.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..266e605e453e1fc95119e88f296e24d1cfea5974 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_english_00066.md @@ -0,0 +1,48 @@ +据学生的实际情况提供 word bank。 + +Worksheet 示例如下: + +When did I go? + +On Jan. 29th + +Where did I go? + +the supermarket + +What did I do? + +bought new clothes + +cleaned the house + +Word Bank + +on Jan. 19th, on Jan. 29th, on Jan. 31st, on Feb. 3rd ... + +the cinema, the library, the supermarket, parents' home ... + +bought new clothes, packed the clothes, cleaned the house ... + +(5)教师引导学生理解 when, where, what 引导的一般过去时特殊疑问句的用法,建议教师通过呈现多个答句,让学生说问句。 + +(6)处理对话文本。教师提问:I had a busy winter holiday. What about Amy? Where did she go? How did she go there? What did she do? 教师完整地放一遍 Let's talk 录音,要求学生整体感知对话,回答问题。教师教授单词 beach,并让学生跟读对话。 + +方案二:从呈现完整对话到处理局部语言 + +(1)预测对话内容。完成Let's try后,教师提问:Sarah went to Hangzhou last winter holiday. What about Amy? Where did she go? How did she go there? What did she do? 要求学生带着问题观看动画或阅读文本后回答问题。板书参考如下: + +Amy's Trip + +When did she go? + +Where did she go? + +How did she go there? + +What did she do? +....... + +(2)教师与学生谈论 Amy 的三亚之行。教师呈现 A Let's talk 板块的插图,提出问题:What did Amy do on the first/second/... day? How did she feel? What was the weather like there? What did she eat there? Did she ...? 引导学生结合图片,发挥想象,对 Amy 在三亚旅游的细节进行对话,并教读单词 beach。 + + diff --git a/markdowns/education_english_00067.md b/markdowns/education_english_00067.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..630377daa2a09d90d9837ab1bd2cf334c8cd09b4 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_english_00067.md @@ -0,0 +1,53 @@ +## 3 Read the passage again and answer the questions. + +According to the passage, should people plan what they're going to say at parties? + +What do people think about those who talk too much? + +Describe two things you shouldn't do in a conversation. + +Why is it a good idea to nod and smile when the other person is talking? + +What does the quotation from Benjamin Disraeli tell you about people? + +## 4 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in the box. + +sigh yawn nod avoid lack smile + +When I meet strangers, I don't like to talk about myself, so I ______ answering personal questions. + +There are very few foreign visitors to my town, so we ______ the opportunity to meet people from other countries. + +I said that we don't have enough opportunity to speak English and he ______ his head in agreement. + +I think the man I spoke to was tired — he ______ a lot. + +He looked very sad when I asked him about his home. He ______ when he answered me. + +I felt very welcome when I arrived at the party. The host ______ at me and shook my hand. + +Don't + +• look at your watch + +• yawn + +• sigh + +• look away from the person who's talking to you + +• change the subject + +• finish other people's sentences for them + +how long you should stay, and when you have to leave. Some hosts expect flowers or a small gift, but in other places, you can take things, but you needn't if you don't want to. Remember also that in some countries, you mustn't take flowers of a certain colour, because they're unlucky. In most places, you don't have to take a gift to a party—but find out first! + +Always remember the words of Benjamin Disraeli, British Prime Minister in the 19th century: "Talk to a man about himself, and he will speak to you for hours!" + + + +## Learn the rules + +If you go to a social occasion in another country, remember that social rules can be different. In some countries, for example, you have to arrive on time at a party; in other countries, you don't need to. In addition, you need to know + + diff --git a/markdowns/education_english_00068.md b/markdowns/education_english_00068.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..1e48003c27e899dda212d33210d69f582b4c0279 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_english_00068.md @@ -0,0 +1,61 @@ +## 4 Decide which of the statements expresses the writer's opinion. + +The writer thinks that ________. + +(a) Americans often ask very personal questions +(b) Asians are very different from Americans, and are sensitive to many topics of conversation +(c) Americans are easy to make friends with, but they respect your private life +(d) Americans don't like to grow old, so it's difficult to make friends with them + +## 5 Choose the correct answers. + +1.When a dull person talks,you should __________. + +(a) ask questions +(b) change the topic of conversation +(c) not ask personal questions +(d) listen + +2. It's always OK to talk to Americans about __________. + +(a) their work +(b) religion and politics +(c) age and money +(d) their private life + +3.When Americans make an invitation to visit, __________. + +(a) they don't really mean it +(b) they want to find out more about you +(c) they genuinely want to see you again +(d) you should accept it + +4.The best way to talk about personal things is to ________. + +(a) talk about your own private life first +(b) talk about your job +(c) discuss the weather +(d) ask them how old they are + +5.It's best to avoid ________. + +(a) personal questions +(b) silence +(c) spies +(d) dull people + + + +## 6 Complete the sentences in your own words. + +1 Conversation is less lively in the USA because everyone ____________________________. + +2 Americans are happy to talk about family and personal interests, but _______________. + +3 If you show you're aware of cultural differences, __________. + +4 You shouldn't ask how old people are because ___. + +5 Although some people like to show off their wealth,______________. + +## 7 Write down the topics which you can and shouldn't talk about with Americans. Write a few sentences saying if you can talk about these topics in China. \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/markdowns/education_english_00069.md b/markdowns/education_english_00069.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..1db914b456bb7808dc8be5ed0ee174aa06e20513 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_english_00069.md @@ -0,0 +1,41 @@ +## Let's check + +Listen and write T (true) or F (false). + + + + + + + + + +Listen again and answer the questions. + +1. What did Mike do last weekend? + +2. Why did Sarah think her weekend was great? + +3. Why did Amy go to school by car today? + +4. What did Zhang Peng do in Harbin? + +## Let's wrap it up + +Look at the pictures. Choose words to fill in the blanks. + +am/is → was are → were + +eat → ate drink → drank run → ran + +There ______ lots of dinosaurs many years ago. + +Some of them ______ plants. + +Some of them ______ faster, so they could eat other smaller dinosaurs. + +But we can only see dinosaurs in museums now. + + + + diff --git a/markdowns/education_english_00070.md b/markdowns/education_english_00070.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..8580061ec1f1de32086b0ae017ca60211a935709 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_english_00070.md @@ -0,0 +1,46 @@ +Unit 3 + +D3 Fill in the blanks with the words from the box. Change the form where necessary. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
misunderstandingappropriatedifferencetraditionadjust
shakeagaintabooupsetgreet
+ +I have always found it interesting talking to foreigners and learning about the cultura$^{\text{(1)}}$________ between countries. I think it is important to know about the customs and traditions of different countries in order to avoid $^{\text{(2)}}$________. + +Last Saturday, I met a man from France, who explained to me how the French (3) ____________ each other. Now I know that the French usually(4) ________ hands when they meet. If they know each other very well, they kiss each other on the cheek. They shake hands (5) when they are saying goodbye. It is not unusual for a French person who you met several months ago to come and shake hands with you again! This is just +one of the many French (6) ________. If you went to live in France, you might find it hard to (7) ________ to their ways. + +Almost every culture in the world has its own (8) __________, and it is important to be aware of them, so you know what is considered (9) __________. Breaking a taboo could be an experience that will (10) __________ those around you. For example, in Japan, '4' and '9' are considered to be numbers that are not lucky, since the Japanese words for these two numbers sound like 'death' and 'suffering'. It would be important to know this if you would like to visit Japan on holiday. + +D4 Translate the following sentences into English. Use the words given in brackets. + +1 Patrick在街上看见我时,以热情的拥抱跟我打招呼。(hug) + +2 请和我一起祝愿史密斯一家在将来的日子里好运常伴。(join in) + +3 如果我是百万富翁,我会环游世界。(if I were) + +4 他搬去澳大利亚后,很快适应了那里的生活方式。(adjust to) + +5 我们在忙于准备期末考试。(end-of-term) + +6 迈克还不到拿驾驶执照的年龄。(permit) + +7 大吃了一顿之后,她花了一周时间节食以保持体形。(feast) + +8 他向父母复述了在课堂上听到的故事。(retell) + diff --git a/markdowns/education_english_00071.md b/markdowns/education_english_00071.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..ebc5777ace5c74f94736fb13859eb5304da24ad2 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_english_00071.md @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +C1 Read the sentences below and decide whether they are true (T) or false (F) according to the TV interview. Circle your answers. + +1 Dr Brain studies happiness. T / F + +2 Sang Lan became a gymnast when she was eleven years old. T / F + +3 Before her accident, Sang Lan's best event was the vault. T / F + +4 Sang Lan was injured in China in 1998, while practising for the Goodwill Games. T / F + +5 Sang Lan broke her legs and will never walk again. T / F + +6 Leonardo DiCaprio visited Sang Lan in the hospital. T / F + +C2 Read the interview again and complete the sentences below. Write the correct letters in the brackets. The first one has been done for you. + +
1Before her accident,( c )a. she likes to think about positive things.
2At the Goodwill Games in 1998,( )b. she graduated from Peking University and hosted a sports programme.
3While she was in hospital,( )c. we knew her as a young girl who was happy and successful in her sport.
4Back in China,( )d. keeping busy helps her stay positive.
5She tells people that( )e. Sang Lan became badly injured while practising the vault.
6She believes that( )f. the world was amazed by the way she stayed cheerful.
+ + +D Match these new words from the interview with their meanings. Write the correct letters in the blanks. + +
1junior (Line 25)____a. make something complete and strong again
2specialist (Line 36)____b. change one's behaviour in order to deal with a new situation
3severe (Line 37)____c. a doctor who is an expert in one area of medicine
4appreciation (Line 43)____d. (in sports) connected with young people
5adapt (Line 53)____e. too difficult or painful to accept
6admirable (Line 61)____f. very bad or serious
7rebuild (Line 62)____g. having qualities you respect
8unbearable (Line 62)____h. the feeling of being grateful for something
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/markdowns/education_english_00072.md b/markdowns/education_english_00072.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..1c74edcea976f6d2107428940e1486c0b0aa5ced --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_english_00072.md @@ -0,0 +1,37 @@ +## 2. Look up the following words in a dictionary and give each of them a definition. + +(1) dosage + +(2) caution + +(3) warning + +(4) physician + +(5) accidental + +(6) overdose + +## 3. Use these words to complete the sentences below. + +dosage caution warning physician accidental overdose contact immediately + +(1) If you take too many aspirin tablets, you have taken an ______________. + +(2) Another word for doctor is _______________. + +(3) The ___ is the amount of medicine to take. + +(4) When you do something right away, you do it ___. + +(5) Words that tell you to be careful are ________ and ________. + +## 4. Role Play Suppose student A is a doctor, and student B is a patient. The doctor tells the patient how to take the medicine. + +## $^{*}$Item 3 + +## Do some exercise + +## 1. 🎧Read the passage and do the exercise. + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/markdowns/education_english_00073.md b/markdowns/education_english_00073.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..4106a8d4a4ae1f0af494a4163cbd97ade424930d --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_english_00073.md @@ -0,0 +1,31 @@ +## 2.🎧 Read the following words, paying attention to word stress. + + + + + + + + + + + + +
very /ˈveri/doctor /ˈdɒktə/American /əˈmerɪkən/
any /ˈeni/recorder /rɪˈkɔːdə/university /ˌjuːnɪˈvɜːsɪti/
+ +## 3. Could you find the rules? + + +
/iː/heshewePeterevening
seestreetkeepneedpeepmeet
piecebeliefchiefachievefield
receivereceiptperceive
/ɪ/itishisthis
citystudysorrycarry
betweenrecorderexcuse
/e/gettellverybeddesklessonred
pleasureheadpeasantpleasant
/æ/manthatbaggladlandhandhave
+ +## ⑥ DIY Lab + +1. Presentation In your school reception room you act as the host and are telling a group of American guests what they will see in your school. The following words may help you. + +
office buildingclassrooms
library and reading roomslaboratories
IT centregym
sports ground
+ +2. Questionnaire Read the following possible events in the future, and put a circle around the number which coincides with your opinion. Before starting, look at the Notes and understand what each number stands for. Compare your answers with your partner's. + + +
Water will replace oil.1234567
I will study abroad.1234567
Cities will appear in Antarctica.1234567
A UFO will land near a large city.1234567
I will travel around the world.1234567
Pandas will become extinct.1234567
Australia will have a president instead of a king or queen.1234567
I will be able to speak Engdish fluently.1234567
I will be able to speak French,too.1234567
One of my classmates will be a principal.1234567
+ diff --git a/markdowns/education_english_00074.md b/markdowns/education_english_00074.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..26e7adea55f3c49c2cc0bbf5e7b35682ab76acad --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_english_00074.md @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +1. Presentation Ask the students to bring the directions for use of medicine and tell the class how to take the medicine. + +2. Pair Work You are a patient. Tell your partner who acts as a doctor how you are feeling and ask him/her questions about the dosage of the medicine. + +3. Survey Answer the questions below and compare them with your partner's. + +(1) How many colds do you have each year? + +(2) How much money do you spend on medicine? + +(3) How many days do you miss from school each term because of colds? + +(4) What medicine for colds do you usually take? + +## ⑦ CULTURE CORNER + +Clowns are often hired to work in children’s hospitals in America. Many children are afraid of going to the doctor, so these clowns make the environment of the hospital more fun. Some hospital clowns are paid professionals. Others are volunteers. They simply enjoy making children smile. \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/markdowns/education_english_00075.md b/markdowns/education_english_00075.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..d59fb49d8bb2293af5e008ae677644d3ef737e84 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_english_00075.md @@ -0,0 +1,58 @@ +## Item 1 + +## Moving to the city + +## 1. 🎧Listen and do the comprehension. + +(1) People in the dialogue are ____. + +A. classmates +B. a couple +C. mother and son +D. father and daughter + +(2) They are talking about ___. + +A. whether to go to the theatre +B. whether to grow vegetables +C. whether to live in the city +D. whether to have a barbecue + +(3) Who is for living in the suburbs? + +A. Mr Lee. +B. Mrs Lee. +C. Mr Lee’s father. +D. Mrs Lee’s father. + +(4) Who is for moving to the city? + +A. Mr Lee. +B. Mrs Lee. +C. Mr Lee's father. +D. Mrs Lee's father. + +(5) They decide to leave the matter to ______. + +A. Mr Lee's father +B. Mrs Lee's mother +C. Mr Lee's mother +D. Mrs Lee's father + +## 2. 🎧Listen and read. + +Mr Lee will work in the city. The Lees are discussing the possibilities of moving to the city. + +Mr Lee: I will work in the city and we had better live in the city as well. +Mrs Lee: I really don’t want to. A flat in the city is as expensive as a house here. + +Mr Lee: It is good for you and our daughter. The local shops have convenient opening hours. The flat is near a very good school. + +Mrs Lee: You are wrong. The air in the city is not so fresh as the air here. The water there is not so clean as it is here. + +Mr Lee: I don’t care about these. The city offers restaurants, theatres and cinemas. There is also a barbecue and picnic area in the housing estate. Life here can’t be as exciting as life there. + +Mrs Lee: But at night the city is not as quiet as the country here. I like watching TV or reading a novel at home. + +Mr Lee: Let's leave the matter for your father to decide. + diff --git a/markdowns/education_english_00076.md b/markdowns/education_english_00076.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..98ced5bc51a4cb73774e32bb06e589f388c7128c --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_english_00076.md @@ -0,0 +1,43 @@ +(1) Hewlett offered him an internship at HP. + +(2) Steve Jobs enrolled in the HP Explorer Club. + +(3) Paul and Clara adopted Steve Jobs. + +(4) Steve Jobs asked Hewlett to give him some parts. + +(5) Steve Jobs grew up with his sister. + +(6) He spent much time working in a garage workshop. + +(7) The family moved to California. + +( )—( )—( )—( )—( )—( )—( ) + +## 2. Match the words with their definitions. + +
adoptput sb's name on a list
machinista grey element
silicona person who explores
gadgetrya person who operates a machine
enrollshow clearly
explorerwithout fear
demonstratepermission to reside in a hospital or plant
boldlysmall machines or devices
projecta study of a particular subject
internshiptake into one's family
+ + +## 3. Read the passage and answer the questions. + +(1) When and where was Steve Jobs born? +_______________ + +(2) Where did he grow up? +_______________ + +(3) Was he interested in team sports? +_______________ + +(4) What did he like to do? +_______________ + +(5) What did he see in the HP Explorer Club? +_______________ + +(6) Who gave him some parts for a class project? +_______________ + +## 4. Topic Discussion +Why do we say Steve Jobs was bold when he asked William Hewlett for some parts? \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/markdowns/education_english_00077.md b/markdowns/education_english_00077.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..c89aeff3ddf7a61227bc8c3405b020feca5ca095 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_english_00077.md @@ -0,0 +1,42 @@ +⑧I'm sorry I don't like fruit. I like fish. + +⑨Oh, I see. What do you want to be In the future? + + + +What will Mimi answer? Can you guess? + +• doctor • dancer • manager + +• teacher • actress • nurse + +• singer • policewoman • driver + + + +## Cultural link + +## A Western meal and a Chinese meal + + + +soup + + + +salad + + + +main course + + + +dessert + +A Western meal has three or four courses. In a Western meal, there is the soup first, then the salad (vegetables) and then the main course (meat or fish). Finally, there is a dessert (pudding, ice cream or cake) with tea or coffee. People eat their food with a fork, a knife and a spoon. + + + +In a Chinese meal, there is soup, vegetables, meat, fish and rice. Sometimes, there are dumplings and noodles. Chinese people eat their food with chopsticks and sometimes a spoon. + diff --git a/markdowns/education_english_00078.md b/markdowns/education_english_00078.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..ff196dbf94449102a3587748ccc73334fd742ffa --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_english_00078.md @@ -0,0 +1,27 @@ +## Lesson 3 + +## Ⓐ Let's read. + +1. First look at the pictures, and then read the text. + +2. Write a title for the text. + +__________ + + + +Tom has a new friend, Joe, from the USA. Joe stays with Tom’s family. He goes to school with Tom every day. + +Joe is very active. He often answers questions in English class. He plays football with his classmates every day. + + + + + +Joe is clever. He is good at science. He also likes reading and thinking, so sometimes he is quiet. + +Joe is polite and helpful, too. He often says “Hello” and “Thank you” to everyone in the family. He helps Tom’s father clean the car. He helps Tom walk his dog, Coco. He plays with Coco every day. Joe, Tom and Coco become good friends. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/markdowns/education_english_00079.md b/markdowns/education_english_00079.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..f4740edb6b7ba585e7fbd908c5cfabdf30ecf888 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_english_00079.md @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +## Lesson 2 + +## A Look, listen and answer. + +1. Look at the picture. What toys can you see? How much are they? + +2. Now listen and answer: What does Binbin want to buy? How much is it? + + + +Saleswoman: Good morning. Can I help you? + +Binbin: Yes. I want to buy a present for my friend. + +Saleswoman: What about a model car? + +Binbin: Yes, that's great.He loves cars.How much is it? + +Saleswoman: It’s 30 yuan. + +Binbin: OK, I’ll take it.Thanks a lot. + + diff --git a/markdowns/education_english_00080.md b/markdowns/education_english_00080.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..6dbb415273829eb7d9353999169617bd417b5eb6 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_english_00080.md @@ -0,0 +1,60 @@ +## Lesson 3 + +## Ⓐ Let's read.🎧 + +## 1. Look at the pictures. What do you see? How much do you think they are? + +## 2. Now read, circle and write. + +SM = Salesman SW = Saleswoman H = Helen + +## Dialogue 1 + + + +¥ ___ + +SM: Can I help you? + +H: Yes. I want to buy a pencil box. + +SM: This orange one is very nice. + +H: How much is it? + +SM: It is 20 yuan. + + + +¥___ + +H: Good, that's great. I also want this pink exercise book. How much is it all together? + +SM: It's 25 yuan. + +H: Thank you. + +## Dialogue 2 + + + +¥ ___ + +H: Excuse me. I want to buy a pair of pants. + +SW: What colour do you like? + +H: I like black. + +SW: Here you are. + +H: They look great. How much are they? + +SW: They are 90 yuan. + +H: I’ll take them. + +## 3. Write down the total price. + +Total Price: ¥ ________ + diff --git a/markdowns/education_english_00081.md b/markdowns/education_english_00081.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..b2b11872a19b678005367b080e6dcd25b01639a3 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_english_00081.md @@ -0,0 +1,45 @@ +## Let's Review + +## Ⓐ Listen and circle. + + + + + +## Ⓑ Read and fill in the chart. + +Bill: I’d like to make some TV shows for our school. + +Lily: That’s a great idea! + +Bill: I like game shows. Let’s do a game show. They’re fun. + +Andy: Let’s do a talk show, too. I’d like to be the host of the talk show. + +Yaoyao: Really? Let’s do a news show. I want to be a news announcer. That is an exciting job. + +Binbin: I’d like to put on a quiz show. It’s very exciting. I want to be on a quiz show. Lily, what do you want to do? + +Lily: Let’s do a nature show. I really like to see animals. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
nameTV shows
Billgame shows
Andy
Yaoyao
Binbin
Lily
diff --git a/markdowns/education_english_00082.md b/markdowns/education_english_00082.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..00198966cd0a1ca55f5208deb78b5840869ba453 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_english_00082.md @@ -0,0 +1,76 @@ + +TASK 10 + +Below are some classroom extracts. Work in groups and discuss: Which error correction method is the way you favour? And which is the way you dislike? + +A + +T: What's your name? + +S: My name Tom. + +T: Oh, good. My name is Tom? + +S: Yes, my name is Tom. + +T: Hello, Tom. + +B + +T: What's your mother's job? + +S: He is... + +T: Oh, not he, you mother is a woman. +You should use SHE. + +S: She is a ... + +C + +T: Make a sentence with 'have'! + +S: He have a car. + +T: There is a big mistake in your sentence. Can you correct it? + +S: Mmmm... No, I don't know. + +T: Who can correct him? + +D + +T: What did you do last Saturday, Mary? + +S: I watch TV, and do homework. + +T: Oh, great! How about you, John? + +E + +T: Make a sentence with 'have'! + +S: He have a car. + +T: He HAVE a car? + +S: He HAS a car. + +T: Very good. He HAS a car. + +F + +T: Can you tell us something about your father, Tom? + +S: My father is 40 years old. He is very high. He is a doctor. He works in our City Hospital... + +T: Oh, good. Very good, Tom. You said your father is very HIGH? What word can we use instead of HIGH? + +S: er... yes, TALL. He is very tall. + +Can you think of some other ways to correct students' errors? + +## Conclusion + +In this unit we started with the discussion on the teacher’s roles in the language classroom. Different assumptions about the teacher’s roles will stipulate different classroom management policies; and different methodologies entail the adoption of different teacher roles. Borrowing Harmer’s concepts of the teacher’s roles as a controller, an assessor, an organiser, a prompter, a participant and a resource-provider, we believe teachers are multi-functional in the language classroom. This is especially + diff --git a/markdowns/education_english_00083.md b/markdowns/education_english_00083.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..60154d65c92e0187c00030dcd83f207be8a05ad3 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_english_00083.md @@ -0,0 +1,37 @@ +Spot the difference +Students are put into pairs. Each member of the pair receives a picture which is slightly different from his partner's. Students hide the pictures from one another and then, by a process of describing, questioning and answering, discover what the differences are. + +Describe and draw +Students are put into pairs. One student has a picture, the other a blank piece of paper and a pencil. The student with the picture must tell his/her partner what to draw so that the drawing ends up the same as the original picture. The student must not show the picture until the drawing is completed. + +Play a game +Students are shown a picture or a tray with many objects on it, or a series of different flash cards or magazine pictures. They have two minutes to memorise as many of the objects as they can. The cards, pictures or tray are then taken away and the students have to say what they saw, or write down everything they can remember seeing, then compare with the rest of the class. + +Use word series +Students construct the series following an example. + +Example: Cutlery: knife, fork, spoon + +Transport: ____ ____ ____ ____ + +Vehicles: ___ ___ ___ ___ + +Furniture: ___ ___ ___ ___ + +Buildings: ___ ___ ___ ___ + +Word bingo +The teacher thinks of an area of language (e.g. shopping) that the students have recently been studying. Students draw 9 squares (3 × 3) on a piece of paper and put 9 words connected with shopping in the squares. The teacher then calls out, one at a time, words connected with shopping. If the students have the word in the squares, they cross it out. The first student to cross out all the words in the squares is the winner. The game can be played for more than one round. + + + + + +
+ +
shoppercustomerclient
bargainsellerpay
shopbuymoney
storesellsale
marketpricediscount
supermarketgoodsreceipt
+ + +Word association +The teacher says a key word, e.g. travelling. The students then have to write down all the words they can think of connected with travelling. They have a time limit, e.g. two minutes. When time is up, the person with the highest number of acceptable words is the winner + diff --git a/markdowns/education_english_00084.md b/markdowns/education_english_00084.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..f4bd1ff4489e6aa4805c6dd7e30f0652804952cf --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_english_00084.md @@ -0,0 +1,47 @@ +## Let's Do It! + +## ① Read the lesson and follow the instructions. + +1. Underline and copy the old saying mentioned in the lesson. +__________ + +2. Underline and copy the key sentences in the second paragraph. +__________ + +3. Circle the hobby that is NOT mentioned in the lesson. + +card games + +acting + +cooking + +gardening + +collecting painted eggs + +## ② A reporter interviewed people about their hobbies. Listen to the statements and match the names with the hobbies. + +Jim I like playing chess in my spare time. + +Wang Lin I enjoy collecting sports cards. + +Jack I'm interested in learning about my family history. + +Kate I really love singing. Singing is a big part of my life. + +Sun Yang When I have free time, I read story books. + +## ③ Work in pairs. Read the lesson again and organize the hobbies into the following groups. + +Hobbies + +Collections + +stamp collection + +Outdoor Activities + +Games & Arts + +Others diff --git a/markdowns/education_english_00085.md b/markdowns/education_english_00085.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..028ebcc984b5031dabd4bee8723c1537f161e67a --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_english_00085.md @@ -0,0 +1,24 @@ +## Lesson 40: What's Paul's Hobby? + + + +· Have you ever built a model? What was it? + +• Have you ever joined a club? + +My name is Paul. What's my hobby? It's model rockets! I have ten rockets. I built one of them myself. It's made of wood and cardboard. I glued it together, and then I painted it. What do I do with my rockets? I launch them! I began to launch rockets two years ago. + + + +This rocket is about one metre tall. I also have a 1.8-metre-tall rocket! + +Last year, I joined a rocket club in my city. It has about forty members. Some of the members are young like me, but most of the members are adults. We meet every month. Sometimes, we have competitions. Everyone launches their rockets. The highest rocket wins. We also give prizes for the best-built rockets. + +I launch most of my rockets seven to ten times. Then I lose or break them. I lost one of my rockets two weeks ago. It went too high: 499 metres. I launched it in a field, but it landed in some trees. My dad and I looked for it for three days.I hate to lose a rocket! I keep my broken rockets. I have a collection of them in my bedroom. + +I like my hobby because it's exciting and challenging. It is a lot of fun to build and launch rockets. + + + +Many people like to build models. Model trains are fun to build and play with! + diff --git a/markdowns/education_english_00086.md b/markdowns/education_english_00086.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..01f33e2f563f1f5eb0e51b116242bb76dad3a67f --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_english_00086.md @@ -0,0 +1,62 @@ +## Let's Do It! + +## ① Read the lesson and number the sentences in the correct order. Then retell Cathy's story. + +☐ She stood on the stage and began to sing. + +☐ She dreamed of being an opera singer when she was a little girl. + +☐ She wanted to take part in the show but wasn’t confident. + +□ One year, her school had a talent show. + +□ The students loved Cathy's song. + +☐ Her teacher encouraged her to take part in the talent show. + +## ② Listen to the passage and tick the correct answers. + +1. Li Yun liked to play ________ when she was young. + +☐ on the beach + +□ in the hills + +2. Li Yun liked to ______ the birds. + +☐ sing along with + +☐ listen to + +3. Li Yun's dream is to ________. + +□ be a singer + +☐ become a teacher + +## ③ Make sentences using the given information. + +Example A: My teacher encouraged me to take part in the show. + +1. Dr. Lin / Xiao Feng / join a club and make new friends (advise... to) + +→ ___ + +2. Georgia's parents / her / study medicine in the future (want... to) + +→___ + +Example B: I felt my heart beating so fast. + +1. Cathy / her friends / wave at her (see) + +→___ + +2. Jenny / Li Ming / call his parents (hear) + +→ ___ + +Look at these sentences: I find it a little hard. I can't help you write the report. That makes me unique. I felt my heart beating so fast. They all have object complements. Object complements (words in red) give more information about objects (words in blue). Circle the object complements in the activity above. Can you figure out the rule? + + + diff --git a/markdowns/education_english_00087.md b/markdowns/education_english_00087.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..f827ef3d6b6b71cee92bb16a12d033ca50843892 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_english_00087.md @@ -0,0 +1,85 @@ +## Building Your Vocabulary + +## I. Fill in the blanks with the words in the box. +
commonreturnweakperfectimpossible
+1. His father plans to ________ from Canada next month. + +2. Anne was ill last week, and she is still very ________. + +3. Collecting sports cards is a very ________ hobby among students. + +4. He loves reading books. A trip without a book is ________ for him. + +5. No one is _______. Everyone makes mistakes. + +## II. Complete the passage with the words from this unit. The first letter is given. + +My dream is to be a writer. Some of my friends think writing is not my p________ strength, but I know I can improve. My mum encourages me and makes me feel more c________. I will c________ reading and writing every day. My favourite writer is J.K. Rowling. I think her writing is unique. In the future, I hope to write children’s stories, too. + + + +## Grammar in Use + +Complete the chart and then fill in the blanks with the correct pronouns. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Imymeminemyself
youyouryouyours
hehishimhis
sheherherhers
ititsititsitself
weourusours
youyouryouyours
theytheirthemtheirs
+ +1. Mike told his mother to relax. He said he could take care of ________. + +2. Steven is very confident. _________ thinks of himself as a good person. + +3. Help ________ to some fish, please! + +4. We enjoyed ________ on the playground. + +5. The mother encouraged the little girl to clean her room by ________. + +6. Don't worry about ________. We can look after ourselves. diff --git a/markdowns/education_english_00088.md b/markdowns/education_english_00088.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..9fa1717c24c4c2c201d5424e370e695c4f2017a3 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_english_00088.md @@ -0,0 +1,35 @@ +## Lesson 8: E-mail Helps! + + + +· Do you like to write e-mails or letters in English? + +· Do your classmates help each other in class? How? + +
From:danny@compmail.caTo:liming@net.cn
Subject: P.E.Date: 15/09 6:59 p.m.
+ + +Hi Li Ming, + +I have a lot of homework this year! All of our teachers make us study very, very hard. I am very tired. + +Some of my classes are a lot of fun. My favourite class is physical education (P.E.). Yesterday in P.E. class, I put Brian’s shorts on my head and his runners on my hands. Everyone laughed except the teacher. “That’s not funny, Danny,” he said. But I saw him smile. + +Time for supper! Write to me soon! + +Danny + + + +
From:liming@net.cnTo:danny@compmail.ca
Subject: English and MathsDate: 16/09 6:15 p.m.
+ + +Dear Danny, + +I have written three e-mails in English today. Our English teacher told us to use English every day. It is the best way to learn the language. You have helped me a lot. + +Ms. Liu gives us lots of interesting projects in English class. This week, we are talking about our favourite subjects in school. I like English best. I also like maths. My friend Wang Mei is very good at maths. She has helped me with my maths homework a lot. We will have a maths exam this Friday. We are going to study together tonight. + +Your friend, + +Li Ming diff --git a/markdowns/education_english_00089.md b/markdowns/education_english_00089.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..9c8a0381424a861b809f36683c756541b4df377c --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_english_00089.md @@ -0,0 +1,43 @@ +## Lesson 10: Looking for Lisa + + + +· Is there a library in your school? What can you do there? + +• Is it important to be on time? Why? + +Jenny and Bill meet at 3 o'clock to work on their project. They are in the library. Jenny is on the computer. + +Jenny: Look, Bill. I have downloaded some more pictures of Beijing. + +Bill: Good work, Jenny! We have lots of photos for our talk now. Have you found any Chinese music? + +Jenny: Yes, I have. The librarian helped me find some. + +Bill: That's great! + +(Suddenly the door opens. Danny rushes into the library with a basketball in his hand. He is wearing shorts and a T-shirt.) + + + +People read or borrow books in a library. + +Danny: (He shouts loudly.) Is Lisa here? Lisa! Lisa! Are you here? + +Jenny: Danny, be quiet! Lisa is not here. + +Librarian: No noise, please! + +Danny: (He whispers.) Oops! Sorry. Lisa and I are going to work on our basketball project together. I told her to meet me at a quarter to three. What's the time, Jenny? + +Jenny: (She looks at her watch.) It’s a quarter after three. + +Danny: She's half an hour late! I have looked for her everywhere — in the classroom, in the office, and now in the library. Where is she? + +Bill: Relax, Danny! Have you looked in the gym? + +Danny: No, I haven't. Maybe she's there! + +Bill and Jenny: (They laugh.) Yes. Maybe she is. See you tomorrow, Danny. + + diff --git a/markdowns/education_english_00090.md b/markdowns/education_english_00090.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..bae790bb863f8bccf637ba716937a698e33a7fc4 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_english_00090.md @@ -0,0 +1,162 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
hug v.拥抱Unit 8
intelligent adj.聪明的,有智能的Unit 5
jazz n.爵士乐Unit 9
jog v.慢跑Unit 6
knock over phr.v.撞倒;打翻Unit 5
length n.长度Unit 6
line v.排列成行Unit 6
link n.联系;关系Unit 4
link v.连接Unit 3
local adj.本地的,当地的Unit 4
loss n.丧失;损失Unit I
major aadj.重大的,主要的Unit 7
majority n.大多数;过半数Unit 7
make up phr.v.虚构,编造Unit 8
male n.雄性动物;男子;男性Unit 3
media n.传播媒介Unit 9
medium adj.中等的Unit 5
mix v.使混合Unit 3
mixture n.混合Unit 6
moral adj.道德的Unit 8
moral n.道德上的教训,寓意Unit 8
narrow adj.狭的,窄的Unit 6
nationality n.国籍Unit 4
nearby adj.附近的Unit 5
neat adj.整洁的Unit 2
noisy adj.喧闹的,嘈杂的Unit 6
nuclear adj.核的;使用核能的Unit 7
obey v.服从,听从Unit 7
occupation n.职业Unit 4
opera n.歌剧Unit 9
opinion n.意见Unit 2
optional adj.可选择的Unit 9
ordinary adj.普通的,平常的Unit 6
organization n.结构;组织;机构Unit 1
organizer n.组织者;筹划者Unit 4
ownership n.所有权;拥有Unit 7
pack v.把.··.··收拾起来Unit 2
paragraph n.段落Unit 2
particular adj.特别的,特定的;某一的Unit 7
partner n.伙伴Unit 2
+ diff --git a/markdowns/education_english_00091.md b/markdowns/education_english_00091.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..11b560e7cb4dda57dab3475f3555465d957a8571 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_english_00091.md @@ -0,0 +1,139 @@ +Appendices + +assistance /əˈsɪstəns/ n. 协助;援助 + +congratulate /kən'grætʃuleɪt/ vt. 祝贺;庆贺 + +congratulation /kɒnˌɡrætʃu'leɪʃn/ n. 祝贺;贺词 + +bowling /ˈbəʊlɪŋ/ *n.* 保龄球 + +graduation /ˌɡrædʒuˈeɪʃn/ n. 毕业;毕业典礼 + +certificate /səˈtɪfɪkət/ n. 证书 + +all the best(口语)(祝你)一切顺利 + +architect /ɑːkɪtekt/ n. 建筑师 + +△ Sanders /ˈsɑːndəz/ n. 桑德斯(姓) + +adequate /ˈædɪkwət/ adj. 足够的;充分的 + +access /ˈækses/ *n.* (接近的)方法;通路;可接近性 + +accessible /əkˈsesəbl/ adj. 可接近的;可进入的;可使用的 + +△ wheelchair /'wi:lʃeə/ n. 轮椅 + +handy /'hændi/ adj. 方便的;有用的 + +△ earphone /ˈɪəfəʊn/ n. 耳机 + +△ impair /ɪmˈpeə/ vt. 削弱;损伤 + +row /rəʊ/ *n.* 一行;一排 *vt. & vi.* 划(船) + +basement /'beɪsmənt/ n. 地下室 + +outwards /ˈaʊtwədz/adv. 向外 + +exit /'eksɪt/ n. 出口;离开;退场 + +meet with 遇到;经历;会晤 + +approval /əˈpruːvl/ n. 赞成;认可 + +dignity /'dɪgnətɪ/ n. 尊严;高贵的品质 + +profit /'prɒfɪt/ n. 收益;利润;盈利 + +△ italics /ɪ'tælɪks/ n. (pl) 斜体(字) + +community /kəˈmjuːnəti/ n. 社区;团体;社会 + +## Unit 2 + +△ household /'haushəuld/ adj. 家庭的;家用的 n. 一家人;家庭 + +fiction /ˈfɪkʃn/ n. 小说;虚构或想象出来的事 + +desire /dɪˈzaɪə/ n. 渴望;欲望;渴求 vt. 希望得到;想要 + +△Isaac Asimov /'aɪzək 'æsɪmɒv/ 艾萨克·阿西莫夫 + +satisfaction /ˌsætɪsˈfækʃn/ n. 满意;满足;令人满意的事物 + +△ Larry Belmont /ˈlærɪ ˈbelmɒnt/ 拉里·贝尔蒙特 + +test out 考验出;检验完 + +△ Claire /kleə/ n. 克莱尔(女名) + +bonus /'bəunəs/ n. 额外津贴;奖金;红利 + +alarm /əˈlɒm/ vt. 使警觉;使惊恐;惊动 n. 警报;惊恐 + +alarmed /əˈlɑːmd/ adj. 担心的;害怕的 + +apron /ˈeɪprən/n. 围裙 + +sympathy /ˈsɪmpəθi/ n. 同情(心) + +overweight /,əuvə'weit/ adj. 超重的;体重超常的 + +elegant /'elɪgənt/ adj. 优雅的;高雅的;讲究的 + +△ Gladys Claffern /'glædɪs 'klæfən/ 格拉迪丝·克拉芬 + +favour /ˈfeɪvə/ n. 喜爱;恩惠 vt. 喜爱;偏袒 + +pile /pail/ n. 堆;摞;叠 +vi. 堆起;堆积 +vt. 把……堆起;积聚 + +scan /skæn/ vt. 细看;仔细检查;粗略地看;浏览;扫描 + +fingernail /ˈfɪŋɡəneɪl/ *n.* 手指甲 + +absurd /əb'sɜːd/ adj. 荒谬的;可笑的 + +haircut /'heəkʌt/ n. 发型;理发 + +△ makeup /ˈmeɪkʌp/ n. 化妆品 + +accompany /əˈkʌmpəni/ *vt.* 陪伴;伴奏 + +cushion /'koʊn/ n. (坐、跪时用的)软垫;靠垫;垫子 + +bedding /ˈbedɪŋ/n. 寝具;铺垫 + +necklace /ˈnekls/ *n.* 项链 + +clerk /klɑːk; klɜːrk/ n. 售货员;职员;旅馆接待员 + +counter /ˈkaʊntə/n. 柜台;计数器 + +ring up 给……打电话 + +turn around 转身;翻转 + +awful /ˈɔ:fl/ adj. 极坏的;极讨厌的;可怕的; +(口语)糟透的 + +affair /əˈfeə/ *n.* 事务;事情;暧昧关系 + +armchair /ɑːmtʃeə/ n. 扶手椅;单座沙发 + +declare /dɪˈkleə/ vt. 宣布;声明;表明;宣称 + +cuisine /kwɪˈziːn/ n. 烹饪(风味);菜肴 + +envy /'envi/ vt. 忌妒;羡慕 + +leave ... alone 不管;别惹;让……一个人待着; +和……单独在一起 + +digital /ˈdɪdʒɪtl/ *adj.* 数字的;数码的;手指的;脚趾的 + +mailbox /ˈmeɪlbɒks/ n. <美> 邮筒;信箱 diff --git a/markdowns/education_english_00092.md b/markdowns/education_english_00092.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..97811f429dd5f27f8bf359d63fe4dae86f70bba7 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_english_00092.md @@ -0,0 +1,62 @@ +The sea was rough that day and it was difficult to handle the boat. The waves were carrying James further and further away from us. From James’s face, I could see he was terrified of being abandoned by us. Then suddenly I saw a shark. + +“Look, there’s a shark out there,” I screamed. + +“Don’t worry, Old Tom won’t let it near,” Red replied. + +It took over half an hour to get the boat back to James, and when we approached him, I saw James being firmly held up in the water by Old Tom. I couldn't believe my eyes. + +There were shouts of “Well done, Old Tom” and “Thank God” as we pulled James 45 back into the boat. And then Old Tom was off and back to the hunt where the other killers were still attacking the whale. + + + +## Comprehending + +## 1 Put the events in the reading passage into this timeline. Write a sentence in each of the boxes. Three sentences have been given. + +1 Clancy arrivedat the whalingstation. + +→ + +2 + +→ + +3 + +→ + +4 The men wentto the boat andheaded out for a whale hunt. + +→ + +5 + +→ + +6 + +→ + +7 The killers ate the lips and tongue of thebaleen whale. + +→ + +8 + + +## 2 In pairs answer the questions. + +1 What evidence was there that Old Tom was helping the whalers out? + +2 What other animals did the author compare the killer whales with? Why do you think the killer whales behaved like this? + +3 Why did George think that the killer whales worked as a team? + +4 Why did the whalers allow the killer whales to drag the whale away? + +5 How did Old Tom help James? Why do you think he did this? + +## 3 In groups, describe the relationship between Old Tom and the whalers. What other animals help humans out in hunting? + +## *4 The last whaling station in Australia closed in 1978. Whales are now an endangered species and in need of conservation. They are now protected by an international ban on whaling. However, some countries oppose the ban. In groups, discuss the reasons for and against banning whaling. \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/markdowns/education_english_00093.md b/markdowns/education_english_00093.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..552fcca35701170692950b85e92d5fd91b568c19 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_english_00093.md @@ -0,0 +1,32 @@ +写定语从句。写定语从句有一个诀窍:一主句两个从句。主句中必然会出现两个从句重复的元素,根据”一主二从“的诀窍,我们可以看出上面三个简单句中,③作主句,①和②作从句。如此组成的定语从句就是 Two tourists, who are sitting on a boat, are throwing rubbish into the lake which is full of rubbish. 虽然这个句子显示出了一般水平,但它还不足以感动阅卷老师,原因是其过于啰嗦,两个定于从句中还有不少累赘的词汇。这就要求我们走第三步:简化从句,学会省略。 + +Two tourists, sitting on a boat, are throwing rubbish into the lake full of rubbish. + +现在分词短语作后置定语。 形容词短语作后置定语 + +这个例句充分体现了扎实的语法知识,可以感动阅卷老师,但不足以感动到热泪盈眶。 + +接下来,我们为您稍加修饰: + +From the picture, we can see that two tourists sitting on a boat, are throwing rubbish into the lake full of rubbish. + +这样简介朴素的开头,尽显了低调奢华有内涵。That 后面的才是重点,而 that 之前过多的模板只是累赘。这个例句中用了宾语从句,现在分词短语作后置定语,形容词短语作后置定语,使得句子多样化。但是在这一个句子中出现了两次 rubbish,使整个句子陷入了 rubbish 的泥潭。因此,我们要在第二次出现 rubbish 时,找词来替换它,比如用 waste 替换 rubbish。实在想不出可以替换的单词时,就用定语从句去替换二次出现的单词。 +下面我们再总结一下精彩句式的写作要点:①使用并列连接词;②使用从句和嵌套从句;③添加复杂的修饰成分。 + +## 第二节 长难句的本质 + +学习难句的目标:1.在翻译中,翻译出地道的汉语; + +2.在阅读中,一边读懂难句; + +3.在写作中,句式变换游刃有余。 + +考研英语主要包括四大题型:完型填空,阅读理解,翻译和新题型,写作。长难句的学习无疑为这四大题型奠定基础,是重中之重。那么长难句又是怎么练成的呢? + +1. 复杂的修饰成分(从句,介词短语,分词修饰,不定式)。 + +2.大段的插入语或同位语。其中同位语就是当两个指同一事物的句子成分放在同等位置时,一个句子成分可被用来说明或解释另外一个句子成分,前者就叫做后者的同位语。 + +3.倒装。英语的最基本结构是主谓结构,倒装就是将这种比较固定的词序加以颠倒。 + +4.省略。英语是一种简约而不简单的语言,为了不显累赘,前面出现过的有些成分就会被省略。除了这四个主要因素外,还有些零碎的语法现象,就使得一个句子变得极度复杂。语法要从英语的本质出发。英语是一门标记性特征极强的语言,所有英语中的语法现象都是通过标记来体现的,用标记化,符号化的形式来展现它的各种语法现象。例如泛指 diff --git a/markdowns/education_english_00094.md b/markdowns/education_english_00094.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..2a46f80ae5aeb08dbc8bc2890b325001e87de1ed --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_english_00094.md @@ -0,0 +1,65 @@ +## 只能用whether的情况 + +前有介词狼;后有to do 虎;为避歧义(是否/如果);discuss后;加or not。 + +I am not interested in ______ she will come. + +I haven't decided ______ to go to Shanghai. + +Let me know ______ you love me. + +We are discussing ______ we will have a sports meeting next week. + +I want to know ______ or not you will help me. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
连词从句类型连词作用例句
what/who/whom/which特殊疑问句作主语、宾语I am angry at what they said.
when/where/why/how作状语I don't know where they came from,how they came in,and when they came out.
+ +## 宾语从句的时态 + +### 主现从随便 + +He says she is right. (✓) + +He says she was right. (✓) + +### 主过从必过 + +He said she is right. (✗) + +He said she was right. (✓) + +### 从真永一现 + +He said the earth moved around the sun. (✗) + +He said the earth moves around the sun. (✓) + +## 宾语从句的语序 + +引导词后紧跟主语 + +### 通常用陈述语序 + +I don’t know who were they. (✗) + +I don’t know who they were. (✓) + +### 对主语提问,语序不变。 + +I wonder what is wrong. (✓) + +I wonder what wrong is. (✗) diff --git a/markdowns/education_english_00095.md b/markdowns/education_english_00095.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..364b5d27f48a134d34c6ae39a7757525768e00d0 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_english_00095.md @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +excellent service. + +Ping lives a vibrant life due to her fearless spirit. She will do whatever she can to achieve her goals and dreams. We should learn from her great efforts and strong willpower. + +## Part 2 + +## Organization + +## 2-1 Reading + +Read the following passages and answer the questions given to work out different ways to write a celebrity and an ordinary person.(阅读短文,回答问题,总结写名人和普通人的不同特点。) + +## Passage 1 + +William Henry Gates III was born on October 28, 1955. He is one of the world's richest people and perhaps the most successful businessman ever. He co-founded the software giant Microsoft and turned it into the world's largest software company. He is the best-known entrepreneur of the PC revolution. He has also written two best-selling books and started his own charity with his wife. + +Gates was fascinated with electronics from a young age. In 1975 he read about a small technology company. He contacted them to see if they were interested in a computer programme he had written. This led to the creation + diff --git a/markdowns/education_english_00096.md b/markdowns/education_english_00096.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..0ec6efe944a586c503d3102651d7a9e6c86932a9 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_english_00096.md @@ -0,0 +1,30 @@ +I love my dad, a man with courage, determination and will, whom I can always rely on! + +## 5-3 Writing exercises + +Directions: Write an English composition according to the instructions given below. + +⬤ 5-3-1 请从下列人物中选择你最喜欢的一位,用英语写一篇120词左右的短文。要求根据所给信息做适当发挥,且需包括以下内容: + +1. 对该人物的简单介绍; + +2. 喜欢该人物的理由; + +3. 从该人物身上得到的启示。 + + + + + + + + + + + + + +

Thomas Edison

Helen Keller

William Shakespeare
inventor; creative; diligent; full of wisdomordinary but great woman;disabled; optimistic; eager to learnwriter; talented; imaginative; man of all ages
"Genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine perecnt perspiration.""...if I had the power of sight for three days.""life is a stage...”
+ +⬤ 5-3-2 在上周举行的5月之星评选中,刘明被评为你班本月“全面发展之星”。请根据下面所提示的信息,用英文写一篇短文介绍他的情况。 + diff --git a/markdowns/education_english_00097.md b/markdowns/education_english_00097.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..3846540d1e0eceba6052821bb20a2d355de635d4 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_english_00097.md @@ -0,0 +1,52 @@ +## Listening and speaking + +## 1 Before you listen, read the exercises below and try to predict what the listening is about. + +## 2 Listen to the tape and tick the statement which tells the main idea of the dialogue. + +A A girl from Laos told Wang Kun about how Laotians use the Mekong River. + +B A girl told Wang Kun about what they would see along the Mekong River. + +C A girl from Laos told Wang Kun about how important and beautiful the Mekong is. + +## 3 Listen again and complete the passage below. + +The Mekong is the most important river in Laos. It even ___ on the national ___ of the country. Laotian people use the river for ___, ___ and ___ goods and people around the country. They call the Mekong "the ___ of Laos", but in Tibet people call it "the water of the ___". If you follow the river in Laos, you can visit temples, caves and a ___. At night, you can sleep in some small ___ by the river. + +## 4 What else would you expect Wang Kun and the girl to talk about? Get into pairs and continue the dialogue between them. Use the following expressions to end your conversation. + +Have a nice/good time. Have a nice/good trip. Take care. + +Have fun. Good luck on your journey. Write to me. + +Say hello to .... Give my love / best wishes to .... Best wishes. + +## Writing + +## Imagine that you are a friend of Wang Kun. Write a short email asking about Laos. + +● In pairs brainstorm some questions. + +EXAMPLE: + +What is the food like in Laos? What do you think of the country? + +● Choose two or three questions and use each as a new paragraph. + +How was your trip? + +What did you do when ...? + +Have you met ...? + +When did you get back? + +What kind of things did you see? + +Could you give me more details about ...? + +Could you tell me about ...? + + + diff --git a/markdowns/education_english_00098.md b/markdowns/education_english_00098.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..8fa1349e05feb67410367f4288898f2032f816d6 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_english_00098.md @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +## Reading + +## ELIAS' STORY + + + +1 My name is Elias. I am a poor black worker in South Africa. The time when I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life. I was twelve years old. It was in 1952 and Mandela was the black lawyer 5 to whom I went for advice. He offered guidance to poor black people on their legal problems. He was generous with his time, for which I was grateful. + +I needed his help because I had very little education. I began school at six. The school where I studied for 10 only two years was three kilometres away. I had to leave because my family could not continue to pay the school fees and the bus fare. I could not read or write well. After trying hard, I got a job in a gold mine. However, this was a time when one had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg. Sadly I did not have it because I was not born there, and I worried about whether I would become out of work. + +15 The day when Nelson Mandela helped me was one of my happiest. He told me how to get the correct papers so I could stay in Johannesburg. I became more hopeful about my future. I never forgot how kind Mandela was. When he organized the ANC Youth League, I joined it as soon as I could. He said: + +“The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and 20 progress, until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.” + +It was the truth. Black people could not vote or choose their leaders. They could not get the jobs they wanted. The parts of town in which they had to live were decided by white people. The places outside the towns where they were sent to live were the poorest parts of South Africa. No one could grow food there. In fact as Nelson Mandela said: + +25 “… we were put into a position in which we had either to accept we were less important, or fight the government. We chose to attack the laws. We first broke the law in a way which was peaceful; when this was not allowed … only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.” + +As a matter of fact, I do not like violence ... but in 1963 I helped him blow up some 30 government buildings. It was very dangerous because if I was caught I could be put in prison. But I was happy to help because I knew it would help us achieve our dream of making black and white people equal. diff --git a/markdowns/education_english_00099.md b/markdowns/education_english_00099.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..6dc85d1934bda8f2f206c4847301190baccb5ea8 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_english_00099.md @@ -0,0 +1,45 @@ +7. The school where I studied for only two years was three kilometres away. 我仅仅读了两年的那所学校有三公里远。 + +be ... away 有……远,可以指距离,也可以指时间。如: + +The new house he has just bought is about three miles away. 他新买的房子大约在三英里以外。 +The exams are still three weeks away. 离考试还有三周。 + +8. After trying hard, I got a job in a gold mine. 几经周折,我才在一家金矿上找到一份工作。 + +after doing 是介词短语作状语用,表示时间。如: + +After getting up, he always drinks a glass of water, which he believes is good for his health. 每日起床后,他都喝一杯水,他认为这对他的身体有好处。 + +After packing all his things into his travelling bag, he sat on the sofa and waited for the taxi. 把所有的东西都装进旅行包后,他坐在沙发上等待出租车。 + +9. He told me how to get the correct papers so I could stay in Johannesburg. 他告诉我要想在约翰内斯堡立住脚,应当如何获取所需证件。 + +Johannesburg 约翰内斯堡。南非(阿扎尼亚)最大城市和经济中心。位于南非北部威特沃特斯兰德高地中段南坡。半数以上人口为黑人。1886年发现金矿后,迅速发展为世界著名矿业城市、非洲最大的加工工业中心。第二次世界大战后成为非洲最大工矿区和世界重要采金中心。 + +10. When he organized the ANC Youth League, I joined it as soon as I could. 当他组织了非国大青年联盟时,我马上就参加了这个组织。 + +ANC 非洲人民大会党,是 AFRICAN NATIONAL CONGRESS 的缩写,是南非黑人民族解放运动的政党。它创建于 1912 年,宗旨是团结非洲人为争取基本政治权利和社会经济状况的转变而斗争,并在这方面起到极为重要的作用。ANC Youth League 非国大青年联盟是人民大会党所属的青年组织。 + +11. “The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress, until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.” “过去30年来所出现的大量法律剥夺我们的权利,阻挡我们的进步,一直到今天,我们还处在几乎什么权利都没有的阶段。” + +see, find 等动词的主语有时是物,如果用得恰当,语言会显得很生动。如: + +This old house has seen better days. 这座老房子曾有过风光的日子。 + +National Day saw people singing and dancing happily in the streets. 国庆节里人们在大街上高兴地唱啊跳啊。 + +The water finds its own level. 水往低处流。 + +Morning found Christie knitting by the window. 清晨克里斯蒂坐在窗边织毛衣。 + +12. … we were put into a position in which we had either to accept we were less important, or fight the government.……我们被置于这样一个境地:要么被迫接受低人一等的现实,要么跟政府作斗争。 + +“less + 形容词(副词)原级 + than” 是形容词(副词)比较级的一种,表示前者不及后者。 +如: + +In his life, he has always tried to help those less fortunate than himself. 在他的一生中,他总是设法帮助那些比他不幸的人。 + +This truck is running less smoothly than it used to. 这辆卡车不如以前跑得那样稳了。 + +问题:在进行比较时,除了用以上的结构表示“不如”或“不及”之意,初中还学过另一种表达方式,你还记得吗?请用两种结构造句,想一下这两种结构的用法有何不同。 diff --git a/markdowns/education_english_00100.md b/markdowns/education_english_00100.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..e224c709b19c4dd99e71f6e91d9a87d2b0ec1924 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_english_00100.md @@ -0,0 +1,74 @@ +1) 规则动词的基本形式 规则动词的过去形式和过去分词一般在动词原形后面加词尾-ed构成;现在分词则加词尾-ing构成。现将规则动词的四种基本形式及其构成规则如表所示: + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
构成规则现在式
(动词原形)
过去式过去分词现在分词
一般动词过去式和过去分词加-ed ;
现在分词加-ing
look
play
visit
looked
played
visited
looked
played
visited
looking
playing
visiting
结尾是“e ”的动词,过去式和过去分词加-d ;现在分词先去“e ”,再加-inglive
hope
use
lived
hoped
used
lived
hoped
used
living
hoping
using
末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词,先双写这个辅音字母,再加-ed 或-ingstop
plan
fit
stopped
planned
fitted
stopped
planned
fitted
stopping
planning
fitting
结尾是“辅音字母+y ”的动词,过去式和过去分词先变“y ”为“i ”,再加-ed ;现在分词直接加-ingstudy
carry
try
studied
carried
tried
studied
carried
tried
studying
carrying
trying
+ +注:词尾-ed 在浊辅音和元音后面读作 [d],如 called [kɔ:ld],used [ju:zd],played [pleid],tried [traid];在清辅音后面读作 [t];如 looked [lʊkt],helped [helpt];在 [t],[d] 音后面读作 [ɪd],如 wanted ['wɒntɪd],needed [ˈniːdɪd]。 + +2)不规则动词的基本形式 不规则动词的构成情况比较复杂。从形式上看,有的三种形式各不相同,有的只有过去式和过去分词相同,有的三种形式相同。从构成方法上看,又有各种不同情况:有的是改变词中的元音,有的是改变词尾,有的是在词尾加“t”。因此,在学习时最好分别单独记忆。举例如下(详见不规则动词表): + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
现在式过去式过去分词特点
begin
give
began
gave
begun
given
三种不同,改变词中的元音
dig
sit
dug
sat
dug
sat
两种相同,改变元音
build
have
built
had
built
had
两种相同,改变词尾
burn
mean
burnt
meant
burnt
meant
两种相同,词尾加“t ”
feel
keep
felt
kept
felt
kept
两种相同,改变元音,词尾加“t ”
cut
put
cut
put
cut
put
三种相同
diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00001.md b/markdowns/education_math_00001.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..7ede85799d09fd76f561ac8f9f050ed94342b236 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00001.md @@ -0,0 +1,73 @@ +A. $\{x|x>3\text{ 或 }x<-2\}$ B. $\{x|x>2\text{ 或 }x<-3\}$ +C. $\{x|-2< x<3\}$ D. $\{x|-3< x<2\}$ + +12. 下列命题是真命题的是() + +A. 3 是 9 的约数或 5 是 8 的约数 +B. 5>3 且 2<1 +C. ∃一个实数 $x$,使 $x^2<0$ + D. 对 ∀ 实数 $x$,都有 $x+1>0$ + +13. 已知命题 $p: \exists x \in \mathbf{R}, \sin x \leq 1$,则() + +A. $\neg p: \exists x \in \mathbf{R}, \sin x \geq 1$ +B. $\neg p: \forall x \in \mathbf{R}, \sin x \geq 1$ +C. $\neg p: \forall x \in \mathbf{R}, \sin x > 1$ +D. $\neg p: \exists x \in \mathbf{R}, \sin x > 1$ + +14. 有下述说法:①$a>b>0$ 是 $a^2>b^2$ 的充要条件;②$a>b>0$ 是 $\frac{1}{a}<\frac{1}{b}$ 的充要条件;③$a>b>0$ 是 $a^3+b^3>0$ 的充要条件. 其中正确的说法有 ( ) + +A. 0 个 B. 1 个 C. 2 个 D. 3 个 + +15. 如果命题“$\neg p$”为真,命题“$p \land q$”为假,那么() + +$$\begin{array}{ll} +\text{A. } q \text{ 为假} & \text{B. } q \text{ 为真} \\ +\text{C. } p \text{ 或 } q \text{ 为真} & \text{D. } p \text{ 或 } q \text{ 不一定为真} +\end{array} +$$ + +16. 不等式$(|x|+2)(1-x^{2})\leq0$ 的解集是() + +A. $(-\infty,-1)\cup(1,+\infty)$ +B. $(-\infty,-1]\cup[1,+\infty)$ +C. $(-1,1)$ +D. $[-1,1]$ + +17. 若关于 x 的不等式 $-\frac{1}{2}x^{2}+2x>mx$ 的解集为 $\{x |0 < x< 2\}$,则实数 m 的值为() + +A. 1 B. -2 C. -3 D. 3 + +18. 不等式 $3 - 2|x| < 2$ 的解集为() + +A. $(-\frac{1}{2}, \frac{1}{2})$ +B. $(-\frac{1}{2}, 0)$ +C. $(0, \frac{1}{2})$ +D. $(-\infty, -\frac{1}{2}) \cup (\frac{1}{2}, +\infty)$ + +19. 设 p, q 是两个命题,并且 $\neg p \land q$ 是真命题,下列命题为真命题的是() + +A. $p \land q$ + B. $\neg p \land \neg q$ +C. $\neg (p \lor q)$ + D. $\neg p \lor \neg q$ + +20. 由下列各组命题构成的“$p \vee q$”“$p \wedge q$”“$\neg p$”形式的新命题中,“$p \vee q$”为真,“$p \wedge q$”为假,“$\neg p$”为真的是 ( ) + +A. $p: 3$ 是偶数, $q: 4$ 是奇数 +B. $p: 3+2=6$, $q: 5>3$ +C. $p: a \in \{a,b\}$, $q: \{a\} \subsetneq \{a,b\}$ + D. $p: Q \subsetneq R$, $q: N = N^*$ + +## 第Ⅱ卷 (非选择题,共60分) + +## 二、填空题(本大题共5个小题,每小题4分,共20分) + +21. 设集合 $M=\{x|x^{2}+2x=0,x\in \mathbf{R}\}$, $N=\{x|x^{2}-2x=0,x\in \mathbf{R}\}$, 则 $M\cup N=$ _____. + +22. 已知关于 $x$ 的不等式 $(a^2 - 1)(x - 2) < 0$ 的解集为 $(-\infty, 2)$, 那么 $a$ 的取值范围是 ________. + +23. 关于 x 的不等式 $x^{2}-mx+4<0$ 的解集为 $\varnothing$,则实数 m 的取值范围为 ___. + +24. 设命题 $p$: 函数 $f(x)=x^2+(a-1)x+5$ 在 $(-\infty,1]$ 上是减函数; 命题 $q$: $\forall x\in \mathbf{R}, \lg(x^2+2ax+3)>0$. 若 $p\vee \neg q$ 是真命题, $p\wedge \neg q$ 是假命题, 则实数 $a$ 的取值范围是 ________. + diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00002.md b/markdowns/education_math_00002.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..6d82a51130dd01743c003a857a0c1bf40c4c4ac7 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00002.md @@ -0,0 +1,32 @@ +## 专题一 集合、不等式和逻辑用语 卷 B + +1. B 解析 : ∵集合 $A=\{x|1\leqslant x\leqslant 5\}$, $\mathbf{Z}$ 为整数集, 则集合 $A\cap \mathbf{Z}=\{1,2,3,4,5\}$. ∴集合 $A\cap \mathbf{Z}$ 中元素的个数是 5, 故选 B. + +2. C 解析: 可以相互推出. + +3. B __解析__: $(x-2)(x+4)>0$, 解得 $x<-4$ 或 $x>2$, 即 $B=(-\infty,-4)\cup(2,+\infty)$. $\because A=[-2,3]$, $\therefore A\cup B=(-\infty,-4)\cup[-2,+\infty)$. 故选 B. + +4. C 解析:$\{1,2,3\},\{2,3\}$. + +5. B 解析:集合 B 含有整数 -1, 0,故 $A \cap B = \{-1, 0\}$. 故选 B. + +6. B __解析__: 当 $c=0$ 时 $ac=bc$, 所以 B 错误. + +7. A 解析:集合 A 表示第四象限的点,集合 B 表示第二或第四象限的点. + +8. A + +9. C __解析__: 依题意可得方程组 $\begin{cases} 2a+1-3=0, \\ 2-1-b=0, \end{cases}$ $\Rightarrow \begin{cases} a=1, \\ b=1. \end{cases}$ 故选 C. + +10. D 解析: $M \cap N = \{(x, y) | y = x \text{ 且 } y = 2\} = \{(2, 2)\}$. + +11. C 解析: 由已知得 $a(x+2)(x-3)>0$, $\because a<0$, $\therefore (x+2)(x-3)<0$, $\therefore -2< x<3$. + +12. A + +13. C 解析: 考查构造含量词命题的非. + +14. A + +15.D 解析:∵命题“¬p”为真,∴命题“p”为假,又“$p \land q$”为假,∴q可真也可以假。∴p或q可真也可以假,故应选D.故选D. + diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00003.md b/markdowns/education_math_00003.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..1bdb19115a9ec0ecfea84d545872a2d02ba2eff3 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00003.md @@ -0,0 +1,50 @@ +16. B 解析:$(|x|+2)(x+1)(x-1)\geqslant0$ 等价于 $(x+1)(x-1)\geqslant0$ ,解得 $x\leqslant-1$ 或 $x\geqslant1$. + +17. A 解析: $x^{2}-4x+2mx<0$ , 即 $x^{2}+(2m-4)x<0$ , $\therefore 0, 2$ 为 $x^{2}+(2m-4)x=0$ 的两根, $\therefore 4-2m=2$ $\therefore m=1$ . 故选 A. + +18. D __解析__: 先把含绝对值的不等式化为一般形式 $|x|>\frac{1}{2}$. + +19. D __解析__: 由题意可知命题 $p$ 是假命题, 命题 $q$ 是真命题, 故选 D. + +20. B __解析__: 选项B中, $\because p: 3+2=6$ 为假命题, $\therefore \neg p$ 为真. $q: 5>3$ 为真命题, $\therefore "p \vee q"$ 为真, $"p \wedge q"$ 为假. 故选B. + +21. $\{-2,0,2\}$ __解析__: $M=\{x|x(x+2)=0,x\in \mathbf{R}\}=\{0,-2\},N=\{x|x(x-2)=0,x\in \mathbf{R}\}=\{0,2\}$, 所以 $M\cup N=\{-2,0,2\}$. + +22. $(-\infty,-1)\cup(1,+\infty)$ __解析__: 由题意可知, $a^2-1>0$, 即 $a>1$ 或 $a<-1$. + +23.$[-4,4]$ 解析:由题意得 $\Delta\leqslant0$ ,即 $m^{2}-16\leqslant0$ ,解得 $m\in[-4,4]$. + +24.$(- \sqrt{2}, -1] \cup [\sqrt{2}, +\infty)$ + +25. 解: 由题知: $16 - 12 - (m + 1) = 0 \therefore m = 3$. 方程 $2x^2 - x - 2m = 0$ 即 $2x^2 - x - 6 = 0$ 配方得 $2\left(x^2 - \frac{1}{2}x + \frac{1}{16} - \frac{1}{16}\right) - 6 = 0 \Rightarrow 2\left(x - \frac{1}{4}\right)^2 = \frac{49}{8} \therefore \left(x - \frac{1}{4}\right)^2 = \frac{49}{16}$ 解得 $x = 2$ 或 $-\frac{3}{2}$. $\therefore 2x^2 - x - 2m = 0$ 的根为 $2$ 或 $-\frac{3}{2}$. + +26. __证明__: $(a^3 + b^3) - (a^2b + ab^2) = (a^3 - a^2b) + (b^3 - ab^2) = a^2(a - b) + b^2(b - a) = (a - b)(a^2 - b^2) = (a - b)^2(a + b)$. + +因为 $a>0$, $b>0$ 且 $a \neq b$, 所以 $(a-b)^2 > 0$, $a+b > 0$. 所以 $(a-b)^2(a+b) > 0$. + +所以 $a^3 + b^3 > a^2b + ab^2$. + +27. __解__:∵“存在 $x \in \mathbf{R}$,使 $2x^2 - 3ax + 9 < 0$”为假命题. + +$\therefore$它的否定“对任意的 $x\in \mathbf{R}, 2x^2 - 3ax + 9 \geqslant 0$”为真命题. + +$\therefore$ 只要 $\Delta=9a^{2}-4\times2\times9\leqslant0$ 即可. + +解得$-2\sqrt{2}\leqslant a\leqslant2\sqrt{2}.$ + +故 $a$ 的取值范围是 $[-2\sqrt{2}, 2\sqrt{2}]$. + +28. 解: 由已知得方程 $ax^{2} + bx + 1 = 0$ 的根为 $-\frac{1}{2}$,$\frac{1}{3}$,由韦达定理得 a = -6, b = -1。所以不等式 $x^{2} + bx + a < 0$ 即为 $x^{2} - x - 6 < 0$,所以解集为 $(-2, 3)$. + +29. 设 $y=(a^{2}-1)x^{2}-(a-1)x-1$,从题意可知,当 $x\in \mathbf{R}$ 时,$y$ 的值小于零,所以函数图象在 $x$ 轴下方,所以必须满足 $\begin{cases} \Delta < 0 \\ a^{2}-1 < 0 \end{cases}$ 解之可得 $-\frac{3}{5} < a < 1$. + +30. 解:设这辆汽车刹车前的速度至少为 $x \, km/h$,根据题意,我们得到 $\frac{1}{20}x + \frac{1}{180}x^{2} > 39.5$, + +移项整理得:$x^{2}+9x-7\ 110>0$, + +显然 $\Delta > 0$, + +所以不等式的解集为$\{x|x<-88.94,或x>79.94\}$. + +在这个实际问题中 $x>0$,所以这辆汽车刹车前的车速至少为 79.94 km/h. + diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00004.md b/markdowns/education_math_00004.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..277a0f42ad50f857a1165323f37e555c493c6672 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00004.md @@ -0,0 +1,53 @@ + +C. $(x-1)^2 + y^2 = 2$ D. $x^2 + (y-1)^2 = 2$ + +10. 以 $\frac{x^{2}}{4}-\frac{y^{2}}{12}=-1$ 的焦点为顶点,顶点为焦点的椭圆方程为 + +A.$\frac{x^{2}}{16}+\frac{y^{2}}{12}=1$ B.$\frac{x^{2}}{12}+\frac{y^{2}}{16}=1$ C.$\frac{x^{2}}{16}+\frac{y^{2}}{4}=1$ D.$\frac{x^{2}}{4}+\frac{y^{2}}{16}=1$ + +11. 双曲线 $mx^2 + y^2 = 1$ 的焦距是虚轴长的 2 倍,则 $m=$ + +A. 4 B. -4 C. 3 D. -3 + +12. 若双曲线的渐近线方程为 $y = \pm \frac{3}{4} x$,则该双曲线的离心率是 + +A.$\frac{4}{3}$或$\frac{5}{4}$ B.$\frac{5}{3}$或$\frac{5}{4}$ C.$\frac{5}{3}$或$\frac{4}{3}$ D.$\frac{3}{2}$或$\frac{4}{3}$ + +13. 方程 $\frac{x^{2}}{14-k}-\frac{y^{2}}{k-1}=1$ 表示椭圆,则 k 的取值范围是 + +A. $k<1$ B. $k>14$ C. $k<1$ 或 $k>14$ D. $1< k<14$ + +14. 顶点在原点, 对称轴为 y 轴, 且过点 $(\sqrt{2}, 1)$ 的抛物线为 + +A. $y^{2}=2x$ B. $y^{2}=-2x$ C. $x^{2}=2y$ D. $x^{2}=-2y$ + +15. 过抛物线 $y^2 = 4x$ 的焦点作直线交抛物线于 $A(x_1, y_1)$, $B(x_2, y_2)$ 两点, 如果 $x_1 + x_2 = 6$, 那么 $|AB| =$ ( ) + +A. 2 B. 4 C. 6 D. 8 + +16. 若双曲线 $x^2 + my^2 = 1$ 的离心率是 2, 则实数 $m$ 的值是 + +A. -3 B. $-\frac{1}{3}$ C. 3 D. $\frac{1}{3}$ + +17. 双曲线与椭圆 $\frac{x^{2}}{36} + \frac{y^{2}}{100} = 1$ 共焦点,且与抛物线 $y^{2} = 4x$ 的离心率之和为 $\frac{13}{5}$,则此双曲线的方程是 + +A.$\frac{y^{2}}{25}-\frac{x^{2}}{39}=1$ B.$\frac{x^{2}}{39}-\frac{y^{2}}{25}=1$ C.$\frac{y^{2}}{25}-\frac{x^{2}}{89}=1$ D.$\frac{x^{2}}{89}-\frac{y^{2}}{25}=1$ + +18. 椭圆 $\frac{x^{2}}{a^{2}} + \frac{y^{2}}{b^{2}} = 1$ 的一个焦点与短轴的两端点构成一个等腰直角三角形,则该椭圆的离心率为() + +A. $\frac{1}{2}$ B. $\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}$ C. $\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}$ D. 无法确定 + +19. 已知 $F_1$、$F_2$ 为双曲线 $C: x^2 - y^2 = 2$ 的左右焦点,点 $P$ 在双曲线 $C$ 上,且 $|PF_1| = 2|PF_2|$,则 $\cos\angle F_1PF_2 =$ ( ) + +A.$\frac{1}{4}$ B.$\frac{3}{5}$ C.$\frac{3}{4}$ D.$\frac{4}{5}$ + +20. 直线 $l$ 经过抛物线 $y^2=4x$ 的焦点, 且与抛物线相交于 $A, B$ 两点, 若弦 $AB$ 中点的横坐标为 3 , 则 $|AB|$ 为 ( ) + +A. 4 B. 8 C. 6 D. 10 + +## 第Ⅱ卷(非选择题,共60分) + +## 二、填空题(本大题共5个小题,每小题4分,共20分) + +21. 过原点和直线 $l_1: x - 3y + 4 = 0$ 与 $l_2: x + y - 4 = 0$ 的交点的直线的方程为 ______________. + diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00005.md b/markdowns/education_math_00005.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..bcfd0997618d235b84af18cce0298831ffe65f9e --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00005.md @@ -0,0 +1,66 @@ +22.$\frac{x^{2}}{6}+\frac{y^{2}}{3}=1$ 解析:椭圆 $x^{2}+4y^{2}=4$ 的标准方程为 $\frac{x^{2}}{4}+y^{2}=1$, + +$\therefore c=\sqrt{a^{2}-b^{2}}=\sqrt{4-1}=\sqrt{3}.$ + +设椭圆的方程为$\frac{x^2}{a^2}+\frac{y^2}{a^2-3}=1$。$(a^2>3)$, + +把点 A(2,1) 代入 $\frac{4}{a^{2}} + \frac{1}{a^{2} - 3} = 1$, + +解得 $a^2=6$,或 $a^2=2$(舍去), + +$\therefore$ 所求椭圆方程为 $\frac{x^{2}}{6}+\frac{y^{2}}{3}=1$. + +23. $4\sqrt{5}$ + +24. $\frac{x^2}{9}-\frac{y^2}{16}=1$ + +25. $\frac{7}{2}$ __解析__:$|F_1F_2|=2\sqrt{2}$,$|AF_1|+|AF_2|=6$,$|AF_2|=6-|AF_1|$. + +$|AF_{2}|^{2}=|AF_{1}|^{2}+|F_{1}F_{2}|^{2}-2|AF_{1}|\cdot|F_{1}F_{2}|\cos45^{\circ} +\\=|AF_{1}|^{2}-4|AF_{1}|+8=(6-|AF_{1}|)^{2},$ + +$\therefore |AF_{1}| = \frac{7}{2}.$ + +$S=\frac{1}{2}\times\frac{7}{2}\times2\sqrt{2}\times\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}=\frac{7}{2}.$ + +26. __解__: 设圆 $C$ 的方程为 $x^2 + y^2 + Dx + Ey + F = 0$, + +则圆心 $C\left(-\frac{D}{2}, -\frac{E}{2}\right)$ 在直线 $2x - y - 7 = 0$ 上, + +$\therefore2\left(-\frac{D}{2}\right)-\left(-\frac{E}{2}\right)-7=0.$ + +即 $D-\frac{E}{2}+7=0.$ ① + +又∵$A(0,-4)$,$B(0,-2)$在圆上, + +$$ +\left\{ +\begin{array}{l} +16 - 4E + F = 0, \quad ② \\ +4 - 2E + F = 0. \quad ③ +\end{array} +\right. +$$ + +由①②③解得 + +$D=-4,E=6,F=8.$ + +$\therefore$ 圆 $C$ 的方程为 $x^{2}+y^{2}-4x+6y+8=0$. + +27. 解: 因为双曲线的渐近线方程是 $y = \pm \frac{2}{3} x$, + +所以设所求双曲线方程为$\frac{x^2}{9}-\frac{y^2}{4}=\lambda,(\lambda\neq0)$ + +把点$\left(\frac{9}{2},-1\right)$代入得$\frac{4}{9}-\frac{1}{4}=\lambda$,解得$\lambda=2$ + +所以所求双曲线方程为$\frac{x^2}{18}-\frac{y^2}{8}=1$. + +28. __解__:(1) $\because |PF_1| - |PF_2| = 4 - 2 = 2 = 2a, \therefore a = 1.$ + +$\because PF_{1}\perp PF_{2},\therefore4^{2}+2^{2}=4c^{2}.\therefore c=\sqrt{5}.$ + +$\therefore$ 所求直线的法向量是 $(1,-1)$,且过 $F_1(-\sqrt{5},0)$, + +即所求直线 $l$ 的方程为 $x - y + \sqrt{5} = 0$. + diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00006.md b/markdowns/education_math_00006.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..8022c93e0b58968ad44480ab75686ef0bac31a3c --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00006.md @@ -0,0 +1,80 @@ +由 $\frac{2}{1} = \frac{b - 13}{13 - a}$,解得 $2a + b = 39$;A 和 B 按照 1:2 配比成 14% 的溶液,由 $\frac{1}{2} = \frac{b - 14}{14 - a}$,解得 $a + 2b = 42$。 + +联立方程组 $\begin{cases} 2a + b = 39, \\ a + 2b = 42, \end{cases}$ 解得 $\begin{cases} a = 12, \\ b = 15。 \end{cases}$ + +若 A 与 B 按照 1:1 进行配比,则混合液浓度为 $\frac{12\% + 15\%}{2} = 13.5\%$; + +设 C 的浓度为 $x\%$, 根据“十字交叉法”。 + + + +由 $\frac{2}{3} = \frac{10.2 - x}{13.5 - 10.2}$,解得 x = 8。所以 C 的浓度为 8%。 + +## 单元四 方程问题 + +## 一、解答题 + +1. 解:根据题意,100克甲瓶盐水与300克乙瓶盐水所含溶质相同,所以,甲瓶盐水的溶质为混合溶液溶质的 $\frac{1}{2}$ 。又因为甲瓶溶液是混合溶液的 $\frac{1}{4}$,所以甲瓶盐水的浓度为 $1 \times 15\% \times \frac{1}{2} \div \frac{1}{4} = 30\%$ 。 + +答:甲瓶盐水的浓度是 30%。 + +2.【思路分析】此题可设丙种酒精溶液为 x 千克,根据“甲种酒精溶液中纯酒精千克数+乙种酒精溶液中纯酒精的千克数+丙种酒精溶液中纯酒精的千克数=三种酒精溶液混合后纯酒精的千克数”列方程解答。 + +解:设丙种酒精溶液有 x 千克,乙种酒精溶液有 $(x+3)$ 千克,甲种酒精溶液有 $11-x-(x+3)=8-2x$ 千克。根据题意可得 $(8-2x)\times40\%+(x+3)\times36\%+x\times35\%=11\times38.5\%$, 解得 x=0.5, 则 $8-2x=8-0.5\times2=7$ (千克), 所以甲种酒精溶液有 7 千克。 + +答:甲种酒精溶液有7千克。 + +【解题突破】解答此题的关键是用字母表示其中一个未知量,并利用数量间的相等关系列出方程。题中有多个未知量时,应确定用字母表示哪个未知量最便于列方程,其他的未知量根据数量关系用含有字母的式子表示。 + +3. 解: 设乙瓶酒精溶液的浓度为 $x\%$, 则混合溶液的浓度为 $2x\%$. 由题意知 x < 2x < 8。 + + + +解得 $x = 3$。 + +答:原来乙瓶酒精溶液的浓度为 $3\%$。 + +4. 解: (1) 设 A、B 两种酒精溶液混合后的浓度为 $y\%$. + + + +解得 $y = 12$。 + +(2)设 A 种酒精溶液的浓度为 $x\%$, 则 B 种酒精溶液的浓度为 $\frac{x}{2}\%$. + + + +解得 $x = 20$。 + +答:(1) A、B 两种酒精溶液混合后的浓度是 12%; (2) A 种酒精溶液的浓度是 20%。 + +5. 解:20%与30%的两种酒精溶液按3:1的比例混合后得到溶液的浓度为 + +$\begin{aligned}&(3\times20\%+1\times30\%)\div(3+1)\\&=(60\%+30\%)\div4\\&=22.5\%\end{aligned}$ + +浓度为 45% 的酒精溶液用量为 + +$(45 \times 35\% - 45 \times 22.5\%) \div (45\% - 22.5\%)$ +$\\=(15.75-10.125)\div0.225$ +$\\=5.625\div0.225$ +$\\=25(千克)$ + +浓度为 20% 的酒精用量溶液为 + +$(45-25)\div(3+1)\times3$ +$\\=20\div4\times3$ +$\\=15$(千克) + +浓度为 30% 的酒精溶液用量为 + +$15 \div 3 = 5$ (千克) + +答:浓度为 20%、30% 和 45% 的三种酒精溶液分别用了 15 千克、5 千克和 25 千克。 + +6. 解: 设小瓶溶液浓度为 $x\%$, 则 $3 \times 8\% + 2 \cdot x\%$ +$= 2 \cdot x\% \times (2 + 3)$, + +解得 x = 3 ,即小瓶溶液的浓度为 3% 。 + +答:原来小瓶酒精溶液的浓度是百分之三。 + diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00007.md b/markdowns/education_math_00007.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..7d7d33532b5317b46cb3f35e2d31aa65f8dc3502 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00007.md @@ -0,0 +1,64 @@ +## 第五章 经济与利率专题 + +## 单元一 基本利润问题 + +## 一、填空题 + +1. 2014 年【解析】根据题意,2013 年: $300 \div 3000 \times 100\% = 10\%$; 2014 年: $360 \div 3200 \times 100\% = 11.25\%$; 2015 年: $480 \div 5000 \times 100\% = 9.6\%$, 故资产利润率最高的年份是 2014 年。 + +2. 盈利 1【解析】要求甲最后是盈利还是亏本,应先计算出第一次卖给乙的价钱,通过题目可知,第一次交易中,甲获利10%,把甲买股票的原价看作单位“1”,卖给乙的价钱是原价的$(1+10\%)$,即卖了1100元;第二次交易,乙损失了10%,把甲获利后的价钱1100元看作单位“1”,卖了1100元的$(1-10\%)$,即990元;第三次交易,甲按乙卖给甲的价格的90%将这手股票卖给了乙,把乙卖给甲的价格990元看作单位“1”,实际卖了990元的90%,即891元。甲的实际收入为$1100+891-1000-990=1$(元)。 + +【方法归纳】此题属于复杂的分数应用题,做题时应先判断单位“1”,然后根据一个数乘分数的意义进行列式计算,进而得出结论。 + +3.180【解析】根据题意,商场交保险费金额是$4000\times0.75\%=30$(万元),因此商场损失物品的费用和付的保险费共$650+30=680$(万元),则实际损失680-500=180(万元)。 + +【方法归纳】本题的关键在于明白“实际损失=物品价值-赔偿款额+保险费”。 + +4. 贵 40【解析】把商品的标价假设为 x 元,那么甲商场的售价是 $(x-200)\times80\%$, 乙商场的售价是 $x\cdot80\%-200$, 它们相差甲 $-\mathrm{乙}=(x-200)\times80\%-(x\cdot80\%-200)=0.8x-160-0.8x+200=40$ (元), 因此甲商场比乙商场贵 40 元。 + +5.1480【解析】$(120+180)\div(35\%-20\%)\times(1-20\%)-120=300\times\frac{20}{3}\times\frac{4}{5}-120=1600-120=1480$(元)。 + +【易错分析】解决此类销售问题,一定要明确单位1是谁。 + +6.360【解析】把成本看作单位“1”,那么定价为 $1 + 1 \times 40\% = 1.4$,七五折后的售价为 $1.4 \times 75\% = 1.05$,根据盈利 18 元可算出成本为 $18 \div (1.05 - 1) = 360$(元)。 + +7.100【解析】两次捐赠资金分别增加10%和5%,则总捐资额增加 8%, 如果再在这个基础上两地增加第一次捐资的 5%, 那么两地捐赠资金增加到 15% 和 10%, 总量增加到 $8\% + 5\% = 13\%$, 所以第一次李先生捐资 $13 \div 13\% = 100$ (万)。 + +8.125【解析】设羽毛球拍的进价为 x 元。由题意得 +$x \cdot (1 + 40\%) \times 80\% = x + 15$, 解得 x = 125。 + +9.9.6【解析】先根据成本为120元,按成本增加20%定价,此时定价为$120\times(1+20\%)=144$(元),再按定价的90%出售,此时售价为$144\times90\%=129.6$(元),所以减价后每件盈利129.6-120=9.6(元)。 + +10.110【解析】将成本看作单位“1”。获利10%即实际销售价格正好是成本的$(1+10\%)$,可得进价为$(160\times80\%-7)\div(1+10\%)=110$(元)。 +【方法归纳】这是利润问题,其数量关系为成本价×利润率+成本=实际售价。 + +## 二、解答题 + +1. 解: 甲、乙、丙三种糖果混合后的平均价格是$(14 \times 4 + 10 \times 3 + 8 \times 5) \div (4 + 3 + 5) = 126 \div 12 = 10.5$ +(元),买2千克混合糖果的价钱是$10.5 \times 2 = 21$(元)。 +答:买2千克这种混合糖果需21元。 +【解题突破】先要求出这种混合糖果的单价,再求买2千克这种混合糖果的价钱。单价=总价÷数量。 + +2. 解: (1) 第一种促销价格为 $(100 - 20) \times 0.8 = 64$ (元), 第二种促销价格为 $100 \times 0.8 - 20 = 60$ (元), 所以选第二种。 + +(2)设商品原售价为“1”, + +则甲店售价为$ (1+10\%) \times (1-10\%) = 99\% $; + +乙店售价为$(1+15\%)\times(1-15\%)=97.75\%$, + +所以甲店售价更高些。 + +答:(1)能使消费者少花钱的方式是第二种; + +(2) 甲店售价更高些。 + +3. 解:该商品的定价为 $(832+960)\div(1-80\%)=8960$ (元), 则进价为 8960-960=8000 (元)。 + +答:商品进价是8000元。 + +4. 解:根据“量”“率”对应得到成本为 $4 \div (27\% - 25\%) = 200$(元),当初利润为 $200 \times 27\% = 54$(元)。所以原来定价为 $200 + 54 = 254$(元)。 + +答:原来定价是 254 元。 + +5.【思路分析】把成本看作单位“1”,那么定价是$1+1\times40\%$,按照九五折出售,售价是$(1+1\times40\%)\times95\%$,获得的利润是$(1+1\times40\%)\times95\%-1$。再根 diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00008.md b/markdowns/education_math_00008.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..f25fe76fe9cc2193a6d86f984f29e8945a38557d --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00008.md @@ -0,0 +1,31 @@ +7. 学生问老师多少岁,老师说:“当我像你这么大时你刚一岁,当你像我这么大时我已经40岁了”,老师现在___岁。 + +8. 甲是乙现在的年龄时, 乙 8 岁, 乙是甲现在的年龄时, 甲 23 岁, 那么甲比乙大__________岁。 + +## 二、选择题 + +1. 父亲的年龄是女儿现在的年龄时,女儿刚 4 岁;当父亲 79 岁时,女儿的年龄恰好是父亲现在的年龄,则父亲现在的年龄是( )。 + +A. 54 岁 B. 64 岁 C. 52 岁 D. 56 岁 + +2. 爷爷今年的年龄为 $a$ 岁, 是明明年龄的 5 倍, 5 年后, 爷爷和明明的年龄之和是( )。 + +$A. 5a$ B. $5a+5$ C. $5a+10$ D. $1.2a+10$ + +3. 母女俩年龄相差 28 岁, 母女俩年龄比是 3:1, 那么女儿是( )岁。 + +A. 12 B. 13 C. 14 D. 15 + +## 单元四 鸡兔同笼问题 + +## 一、解答题 + +1.《孙子算经》中有一个有趣的问题:“今有雉兔同笼,上有三十五头,下有九十四足,问雉兔各几何?”那么有多少只兔子? + +2. 在一个停车场,共有 24 辆车,其中汽车有 4 个轮子,代步车有 3 个轮子,这些车共有 86 个轮子,那么代步车有多少辆? + +3. 某小学举行了一次数学竞赛,试题共 15 道,每做对一道得 8 分,每做错一道扣 4 分,小刚共得 72 分,那么他做对了几道题? + +4. 小华解答数学题, 答对一题得 4 分, 答错一题或不答都要倒扣 4 分, 她答了 20 题, 结果只得了 48 分。请问, 小华答错了几道题? + +5. 一次考试共有 10 道小题, 做对一道得 5 分, 做错一道减 3 分, 没做的得 0 分, 小刚共得 11 分, 那么他没做的题目有多少道? diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00009.md b/markdowns/education_math_00009.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..5680646978c50a1a93a869afc6bba8baf006727d --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00009.md @@ -0,0 +1,41 @@ +A. $\frac{1}{30}$ B. $\frac{1}{3000}$ C. $\frac{1}{3000000}$ D. $\frac{1}{300000}$ + +2. 一幅图的比例尺是 1:5000000, 下面哪个选项是这幅图的线段比例尺()。 + +A. 0 500 1000 1500 2000(千米) + +B. 0 50 100 150 200 (米) + +C. 0 50 100 150 200 (千米) + +D. 0 500 1000 1500 2000 (米) + +3. 在比例尺是 1:3000000 的地图上, 量得 A、B 两港距离为 12 厘米, 一艘轮船于上午 7 时以每小时 24 千米的速度从 A 港开往 B 港, 到达 B 港的时间是( )。 + +A. 16 时 B. 18 时 C. 20 时 D. 22 时 + +4. 一个长方形操场长 110 米, 宽 65 米, 画在练习本上, 应该选的比例尺为( )。 + +A. 1:200 B. 1:400000 C. 1:10000 D. 1:2000 + +5. 一个正方形广场占地面积约为 2250000 平方米, 若按照比例尺 1:12000 缩小后, 其面积比较接近( )。 + +$$ +\begin{array}{ll} +\text{A. 一个篮球场的面积} & \text{B. 一张乒乓球台面的面积} \\ +\text{C. 华商报一个版面的面积} & \text{D. 数学课本封面的面积} +\end{array} +$$ + +## 二、填空题 + +1. 在比例尺是 1:6000000 的地图上,5 厘米的线段表示实际距离________ 千米。 + +2. 把一个精密仪器的一个配件画在比例尺为 8:1 的图纸上, 若这个配件长 3 毫米, 画在图纸上是 ___ 厘米。 + +3. 小丽的身高是 1.4 米, 在她们班的毕业照片上她却只有 2.8 厘米高, 小丽量出这张照片上杨老师是 3.3 厘米高, 则杨老师身高是 ___ 米。 + +4. 甲、乙两地相距 1050 千米, 在比例尺是 1:3000000 的地图上甲、乙两地的距离为 ___ 厘米。 + +5. 一个长方形操场, 长 120 米, 宽 80 米。把它画在比例尺是 $\frac{1}{1000}$ 的图纸上, 长应画 _______ 厘米, 宽应画 _______ 厘米。 + diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00010.md b/markdowns/education_math_00010.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..7a87a46cd6bd8e8b02659656f01a48c501f3c1c8 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00010.md @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +6. 如图 7-9 所示, 一个圆的周长为 1.26 米, 两只蚂蚁分别从直径 AB 的两端同时出发沿圆周相向爬行。这两只蚂蚁每秒分别爬行 5.5 厘米和 3.5 厘米。它们每爬行 1 秒、3 秒、5 秒……(连续的奇数), 就调头爬行。那么, 它们相遇时已爬行的时间是 ___ 秒。 + + + +图 7-9 + +7. 甲、乙两地相距 3.6 千米,两只狗从甲、乙两地相向奔跑。它们每分钟分别跑 450 米和 350 米。它们相向跑 1 分钟后,同时调头背向跑 2 分钟,又调头相向跑 3 分钟,再调头背向跑 4 分钟……直到相遇为止,从出发到相遇共需________分钟。 + +8. 如图7-10所示,甲、乙两车分别自A、B两城同时出发相向行驶,在C地相遇,继续行驶分别到达B、A两城后,立即返回,在D处再次相遇,已知$AC=30$千米,$AD=40$千米,则$AB=$_________千米。 + + + +图 7-10 + +9. A、B 两地相距 13.5 千米, 甲、乙两人分别由 A、B 两地同时相向而行, 各在 A、B 两地之间往返一次, 甲比乙先返回原地, 途中两人第一次迎面相遇于 C 地, 第二次迎面相遇于 D 地, 已知两次相遇时间间隔为 3 小时 20 分钟, C、D 两地相距 3 千米, 则甲的速度是________千米/时, 乙的速度是________千米/时。 + +10. 已知: A、B 两地之间的距离为 900 千米, C 地介于 A、B 两地之间, 甲车从 A 地驶往 C 地, 乙车从 B 地经 C 地驶往 A 地, 已知两车同时出发, 相向而行, 结果两车同时到达 C 地后, 甲车因故在 C 地需停留一段时间, 然后返回 A 地, 乙车继续驶往 A 地, 设乙车行驶时间 x(小时), 两车之间的距离为 y(千米), 如图 7-11 所示的图像表示 y 与 x 之间的关系, 如果两车出发时间是早上 8:00, 那么 a 点所表示的时间是 ___。 + + + +图 7-11 diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00011.md b/markdowns/education_math_00011.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..951e31a335d7db6b40f31f476c5d718230c3843d --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00011.md @@ -0,0 +1,31 @@ +## 第一章 典型基础应用题 + +## 单元一 归一归总问题 + +## 一、填空题 + +1. 商店出售的鞋子的大小规格有两种表示方法“厘米”和“码”,已知19厘米相当于28码,13.5厘米相当于17码,那么___厘米相当于35码。 + +2. 一项工程,预计15个工人每天做4小时,18天可以完成,为了缩短工期,增加3人并且每天工作时间增加1小时,可以提前___天完成这项工程。 + +3. 某厂生产一批水泥,原计划每天生产 150 吨,可以按时完成任务。实际每天增产 30 吨,结果只用了 25 天就完成了任务,原计划完成生产任务需要__________天。 + +4.11 个李子的重量等于 2 个苹果和 1 个桃子的重量,2 个李子和 1 个苹果的重量等于 1 个桃子的重量,那么,一个桃子的重量等于 ___ 个李子的重量。 + +5. 如图 1-1(a) 所示, 在第一个天平上, 砝码 A 的质量等于砝码 B 加上砝码 C 的质量; 如图 1-1(b) 所示, 在第二个天平上, 砝码 A 加上砝码 B 的质量等于 4 个砝码 C 的质量。那么, 1 个砝码 A 与 ___ 个砝码 C 的质量相等。 + + + +(a) + + + +(b) + +图 1-1 + +## 二、解答题 + +1. 从儿童节那天开始,小明4天看了60页书,照这样计算,这个月(共30天)小明一共可以看多少页书? + +2. 工厂计划生产一批零件,每天生产320个零件,10天就能完成任务,如果每天生产 diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00012.md b/markdowns/education_math_00012.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..a3e7a80c52db78c43738e68da339e1adeff96543 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00012.md @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +每隔 12 分钟相遇一次,若两个人速度不变,还是在原来出发点同时出发,哥哥改为按逆时针方向跑,则两人每隔 4 分钟相遇一次,跑得快者跑一圈用的时间为多少? + +10. 如图 7-13 所示, 甲、乙、丙是一条路上的三个车站, 乙站到甲、丙两站的距离相等, 小强和小明同时分别从甲、丙两站出发, 相向而行, 小强经过乙站 80 米后与小明相遇, 然后两人又继续前进, 小强走到丙站立即返回, 经过乙站 240 米后又追上了小明, 问: 甲、乙两站的距离是多少米? + + + +图 7-13 + +11. 如图 7-14 所示, 甲、乙两人分别在 A、B 两地同时相向而行, 于 E 处相遇后, 甲继续向 B 地行走, 乙则休息了 14 分钟, 再继续向 A 地行走, 甲和乙到达 B 地和 A 地后立即折返, 仍在 E 处相遇, 已知甲每分钟行走 60 米, 乙每分钟行走 80 米, 求 A 和 B 两地相距多少米? + + + +图 7-14 + +12. A、B 两地相距 105 千米, 甲、乙两人骑自行车分别从两地同时相向而行, 出发后经 $\frac{7}{4}$ 小时相遇, 接着两人继续前进, 在他们相遇了 3 分钟以后, 一直以每小时 40 千米的速度行驶的甲在途中与迎面而来的丙相遇, 丙在与甲相遇后继续前进, 在 C 地赶上乙, 如果开始时甲的速度比原速每小时慢 20 千米, 而乙的速度比原速每小时快 2 千米, 那么甲、乙就会在 C 地相遇, 求丙的骑行速度。 + +13. 某工厂每天早晨 7:00 都派小汽车按时接工程师上班,有一天,汽车在路上出了故障导致 7:10 时还未到达工程师家,于是工程师步行出了家门,走了一段时间后遇到了前来接他的小汽车,他上车后小汽车立即掉头继续前进,进入单位大门后,他发现比平时迟到 20 分钟,已知小汽车的速度是工程师步行速度的 6 倍,则小汽车在路上因故障耽误的时间为多少? + +14. 母亲节那天,小明的爸爸与妈妈一同回家看望爷爷奶奶,爷爷下午2点开车去机场接小明一家,往返需要1小时,小明一家在下午1点便下飞机向家的方向步行走去,途中遇到接他们的爷爷,便立刻乘爷爷的车回家,在下午2点40分到家。爷爷的车速是小明一家步行速度的多少倍? + +15. A、B 两城间的公路长为 450 千米, 甲、乙两车同时从 A 城出发沿这一公路驶向 B 城, 甲车到达 B 城 1 小时后沿原路返回, 如图 7-15 所示是它们离 A 城的路程 y (千米) 与行驶时 diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00013.md b/markdowns/education_math_00013.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..0b5195c7ff7d09f2b6aabcedb6251d66758069b6 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00013.md @@ -0,0 +1,36 @@ +4. 设 $f(x)$ 是周期为 $2\pi$ 的周期函数,它在 $[- \pi, \pi)$ 上的表达式为 + +$f(x)=\left\{\begin{array}{ll}-\frac{\pi}{2}, & -\pi \leqslant x<-\frac{\pi}{2}, \\ x, & -\frac{\pi}{2} \leqslant x<\frac{\pi}{2}, \\ \frac{\pi}{2}, & \frac{\pi}{2} \leqslant x<\pi,\end{array}\right.$ + +将 $f(x)$ 展开成傅里叶级数. + +__解__ $f(x)$ 是奇函数,故 $a_n = 0$ ($n = 0,1,2,\cdots$); + +$$\begin{align*} +b_n &= \frac{2}{\pi} \int_{0}^{\pi} f(x) \sin nx \, dx = \frac{2}{\pi} \left[ \int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} x \sin nx \, dx + \int_{\frac{\pi}{2}}^{\pi} \frac{\pi}{2} \sin nx \, dx \right] \\ +&= \frac{2}{\pi} \left[ \left. \frac{-x \cos nx}{n} \right|_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} + \frac{1}{n} \int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \cos nx \, dx \right] + \int_{\frac{\pi}{2}}^{\pi} \sin nx \, dx \\ +&= \frac{-\cos \frac{n\pi}{2}}{n} + \frac{2 \sin \frac{n\pi}{2}}{\pi n^2} + \frac{\cos \frac{n\pi}{2} - \cos n\pi}{n} \\ +&= \frac{2}{n^2 \pi} \sin \frac{n\pi}{2} + \frac{(-1)^{n+1}}{n} \quad (n=1, 2, \cdots). +\end{align*}$$ + +因 $f(x)$ 满足收敛定理的条件,而在 $x=(2k+1)\pi(k\in\mathbb{Z})$ 处间断,故 + +$f(x)=\sum\limits_{n=1}^{\infty}\left[\frac{(-1)^{n+1}}{n}+\frac{2}{n^{2}\pi}\sin\frac{n\pi}{2}\right]\sin nx,x\neq(2k+1)\pi(k\in\mathbb{Z}).$ + +5. 将函数 $f(x)=\frac{\pi-x}{2}(0\leqslant x\leqslant\pi)$ 展开成正弦级数. + +解 作 + +$\varphi(x)=\begin{cases}f(x),&x\in(0,\pi],\\0,&x=0,\\-f(-x),&x\in(-\pi,0),\end{cases}$ + +$\varphi(x)$ 是 $f(x)$ 的奇延拓.令 $\Phi(x)$ 是 $\varphi(x)$ 的周期延拓,则 $\Phi(x)$ 满足收敛定理的条件,而在 $x = 2k\pi (k \in \mathbb{Z})$ 处间断,又在 $(0, \pi]$ 上,$\Phi(x) \equiv f(x)$,因此 $\Phi(x)$ 的傅里叶级数在 $(0, \pi]$ 上收敛于 $f(x)$. + +$a_{n}=0(n=0,1,2,\cdots);$ + +$$\begin{align*} +b_n &= \frac{2}{\pi} \int_{0}^{\pi} \frac{\pi - x}{2} \sin nx \, dx = \frac{2}{\pi} \left[ \frac{x - \pi}{2n} \cos nx - \frac{1}{2n^2} \sin nx \right]_{0}^{\pi} \\ +&= \frac{1}{n} (n = 1, 2, \cdots), +\end{align*}$$ + +故 + diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00014.md b/markdowns/education_math_00014.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..c32d007b6c64b56aa1deac833f901bb927b18a4b --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00014.md @@ -0,0 +1,39 @@ +$$\begin{aligned} & =-\frac{1}{2}\cdot\frac{1-n\pi i}{1+(n\pi)^{2}}\left(\mathrm{e}^{-1}\cdot\mathrm{e}^{-n\pi i}-\mathrm{e}\cdot\mathrm{e}^{n\pi i}\right)\\& =\frac{1-n\pi i}{1+(n\pi)^{2}}\frac{\mathrm{e}\cos n\pi-\mathrm{e}^{-1}\cos n\pi}{2}\\& =(-1)^{n}\frac{\mathrm{e}-\mathrm{e}^{-1}}{2}\frac{1-n\pi i}{1+n^{2}\pi^{2}}\quad(n=0,\pm1,\pm2,\cdots), \end{aligned}$$ + +故 + +$f(x)=\sum\limits_{n=-\infty}^{\infty}(-1)^{n}\frac{e-e^{-1}}{2}\frac{1-n\pi i}{1+n^{2}\pi^{2}}\cdot e^{in\pi x},x\in\mathbb{R}\setminus\{2k+1\mid k\in\mathbb{Z}\}.$ + +*4. 设 $u(t)$ 是周期为 $T$ 的周期函数. 已知它的傅里叶级数的复数形式为(参阅本节例题) + +$u(t) = \frac{h\tau}{T} + \frac{h}{\pi} \displaystyle\sum_{\substack{n=-\infty \\ n\neq 0}}^{\infty} \frac{1}{n} \sin \frac{n\pi\tau}{T} e^{i\frac{2n\pi t}{T}} \quad (-\infty < t < +\infty),$ + +试写出 $u(t)$ 的傅里叶级数的实数形式(即三角形式). + +__解__ 由题设知 $c_n = \frac{h}{n\pi} \sin \frac{n\pi\tau}{T}$ ($n = \pm 1, \pm 2, \cdots$). + +因 + +$c_{n}=\frac{a_{n}-ib_{n}}{2},c_{-n}=\frac{a_{n}+ib_{n}}{2}=\overline{c_{n}}\quad(n=1,2,\cdots),$ + +可见 + +$a_n = \operatorname{Re}(2\overline{c_n}), b_n = \operatorname{Im}(2\overline{c_n}).$ + +而 $c_{n}$ 为实数,故 + +$a_{n}=\frac{2h}{n\pi}\sin\frac{n\pi\tau}{T},b_{n}=0\quad(n=1,2,\cdots),$ + +故 + +$u(t) = \frac{h\tau}{T} + \frac{2h}{\pi} \sum\limits_{n=1}^{\infty} \frac{1}{n} \sin \frac{n\pi\tau}{T} \cdot \cos \frac{2n\pi t}{T} \quad (-\infty < t < +\infty).$ + +## 总习题十二 + +1. 填空 + +(1)对级数 $\displaystyle\sum_{n=1}^{\infty} u_n$,$\lim\limits_{n \to \infty} u_n = 0$ 是它收敛的 ______ 条件,不是它收敛的 ______ 条件; + +(2) 部分和数列$\{S_n\}$有界是正项级数$\displaystyle\sum_{n=1}^{\infty} u_n$收敛的______条件; + +(3) 若级数 $\displaystyle\sum_{n=1}^{\infty} u_n$ 绝对收敛, 则级数 $\displaystyle\sum_{n=1}^{\infty} u_n$ 必定 ________; 若级数 $\sum\limits_{n=1}^{\infty} u_n$ 条件 diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00015.md b/markdowns/education_math_00015.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..298bd45af1ab7917c5156d8528794732ba1b8acc --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00015.md @@ -0,0 +1,27 @@ +## (五) 向量代数与空间解析几何 + +1. (1987. I, II) 与两直线 $\begin{cases} x = 1, \\ y = -1 + t, \\ z = 2 + t \end{cases}$ 及 $\frac{x+1}{1} = \frac{y+2}{2} = \frac{z-1}{1}$ 都平行,且过原点的平面方程为 ______. + +__解__ 两已知直线的方向向量分别为 $s_1=(1,2,1)$ 和 $s_2=(0,1,1)$,所求平面的法向量 $n$ 与 $s_1$ 和 $s_2$ 均垂直,故取 $n=s_1 \times s_2=(1,-1,1)$。又平面过原点,故平面方程为 $x-y+z=0$. + +2. (1990. I, II) 过点 $M(1,2,-1)$ 且与直线 $\begin{cases} x=-t+2, \\ y=3t-4, \\ z=t-1 \end{cases}$ 垂直的平面方程是______. + +解 已知直线的方向向量 $ s = (-1, 3, 1) $,所求平面的法向量 $n \parallel s$,故可取 n = s.于是平面的点法式方程为 $-1(x - 1) + 3(y - 2) + (z + 1) = 0$,即 x - 3y - z + 4 = 0. + +3. (1991. I, II) 已知两条直线的方程是 + +$L_1:\frac{x-1}{1}=\frac{y-2}{0}=\frac{z-3}{-1}, L_2:\frac{x+2}{2}=\frac{y-1}{1}=\frac{z}{1},$ + +则过 $L_1$ 且平行于 $L_2$ 的平面方程是______. + +__解__ 两已知直线的方向向量分别是 $s_1 = (1,0,-1)$ 和 $s_2 = (2,1,1)$. 所求平面的法向量 $n$ 与 $s_1$ 和 $s_2$ 都垂直,故可取 $n = s_1 \times s_2 = (1,-3,1)$. 又平面过 $L_1$ 上的一点 $(1,2,3)$,故所求平面的点法式方程为 + +$(x-1)-3(y-2)+(z-3)=0$ , 即 $x-3y+z+2=0.$ + +4. (1995. I, II) 设 $(a \times b) \cdot c = 2$,则 $[(a + b) \times (b + c)] \cdot (c + a) =$ ___. + +解 + +$$\begin{aligned} & [ ( a + b ) \times ( b + c ) ] \cdot ( c + a ) \\ = & ( a \times b + a \times c + b \times c ) \cdot ( c + a ) \\ = & ( a \times b ) \cdot c + ( b \times c ) \cdot a \\ = & ( a \times b ) \cdot c + ( a \times b ) \cdot c = 2 ( a \times b ) \cdot c = 4 . \end{aligned}$$ + +5.(1996.Ⅰ,Ⅱ)设一平面经过原点及点$ (6,-3,2) $,且与平面$ 4x-y+ $ \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00016.md b/markdowns/education_math_00016.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..fdf4905e3309e7013b17cc9bd7ec160edb8b6425 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00016.md @@ -0,0 +1,41 @@ +从而得 $l_0$ 的方程为 + +$$ +\left\{ +\begin{array}{l} +x - y + 2z - 1 = 0, \\ +x - 3y - 2z + 1 = 0, +\end{array} +\right. +\quad \text{即} \quad +\left\{ +\begin{array}{l} +x = 2y, \\ +z = -\frac{1}{2}(y - 1). +\end{array} +\right. +$$ + +设 $l_0$ 绕 $y$ 轴旋转一周所得的旋转曲面为 $S,(x,y,z)$ 为 $S$ 上任意一点。则该点由直线 $l_0$ 上的一点 $(x_0,y_0,z_0)$ 绕 $y$ 轴旋转而得,于是有关系:$y = y_0$, + +$x^{2} + z^{2} = x_{0}^{2} + z_{0}^{2} = (2y_{0})^{2} + \left[-\frac{1}{2}(y_{0}-1)\right]^{2} = 4y^{2} + \frac{1}{4}(y-1)^{2},$ + +从而得 $S$ 的方程为 + +$4x^2 - 17y^2 + 4z^2 + 2y - 1 = 0.$ + +__解法二__ 将直线 $l$ 的方程改写为一般方程:$\begin{cases} x - y - 1 = 0, \\ y + z - 1 = 0. \end{cases}$ 过 $l$ 的平面束方程为 + +$(x-y-1)+\lambda(y+z-1)=0,$ + +即 + +$x + (\lambda - 1)y + \lambda z - (1 + \lambda) = 0.$ + +现确定 $\lambda$ 的值,使向量 $(1,\lambda-1,\lambda)$ 与平面 $\pi$ 的法向量 $\boldsymbol{n}=(1,-1,2)$ 垂直,即令 $1-(\lambda-1)+2\lambda=0$ ,解得 $\lambda=-2$ 。从而得过 l 且垂直于 $\pi$ 的平面方程为 $x-3y-2z+1=0$ .(下同解法一) + +__解法三__ 经过$l$且垂直于平面$\pi$的平面$\pi_1$的法向量$n_1$可取为$(1,1,-1)\times(1,-1,2)=(1,-3,-2)$. 又$\pi_1$通过$l$上的点$(1,0,1)$,故$\pi_1$的方程为 + +$(x-1)-3y-2(z-1)=0$ , 即 $x-3y-2z+1=0.$ + +(下同解法一) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00017.md b/markdowns/education_math_00017.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..ff23d9caa0eb964b418d1a71e84224c7004a8a9f --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00017.md @@ -0,0 +1,33 @@ +## (六)多元函数微分学 + +1. (1997. I) 二元函数 $f(x,y)=\begin{cases}\frac{xy}{x^2+y^2},(x,y)\neq(0,0),\\0,\quad\quad(x,y)=(0,0)\end{cases}$ 在点 $(0,0)$ 处( ). + +(A) 连续、偏导数存在. +(B) 连续、偏导数不存在. +(C) 不连续、偏导数存在. +(D) 不连续、偏导数不存在. + +$$\textbf{解}\quad f_x(0,0) = \lim_{\Delta x \to 0} \frac{f(0+\Delta x, 0) - f(0,0)}{\Delta x} = 0, \text{同理}, f_y(0,0) = 0, \text{故偏导数存在. 又当} (x,y) \text{沿} y=kx \text{趋向于} (0,0) \text{时}$$ + +$\lim\limits_{\substack{(x,y)\to(0,0)\\y=kx}}f(x,y)=\lim\limits_{x\to0}\frac{kx^{2}}{x^{2}+(kx)^{2}}=\frac{k}{1+k^{2}}$. + +随着 k 的不同,该极限值也不同,所以极限 $\lim\limits_{(x,y)\to(0,0)}f(x,y)$ 不存在, $f(x,y)$ 在 $(0,0)$ 不连续. 应选(C). + +2. (1991. I, II) 由方程 $xyz + \sqrt{x^2 + y^2 + z^2} = \sqrt{2}$ 所确定的函数 $z = z(x, y)$ 在点 $(1, 0, -1)$ 处的全微分 $dz =$ _______. + +解 在所给方程两端分别取全微分, 得 + +$yz\,dx + xz\,dy + xy\,dz + \frac{1}{\sqrt{x^{2} + y^{2} + z^{2}}}(xdx + ydy + zdz) = 0,$ + +因此,在点$(1,0,-1)$处 $dz=dx-\sqrt{2}dy.$ + +3. (1987.II) 设 $z = f(u, x, y)$, $u = xe^{y}$,其中 f 具有二阶连续偏导数,求 $\frac{\partial^{2}z}{\partial x \partial y}$. + +解 + +$\frac{\partial z}{\partial x} = f_u \frac{\partial u}{\partial x} + f_x = f_u \cdot e^y + f_x,$ + +$\frac{\partial^{2} z}{\partial x \partial y}=\frac{\partial}{\partial y}\left(f_{u} \cdot e^{y}+f_{x}\right)=\left(f_{u u} \cdot \frac{\partial u}{\partial y}+f_{u y}\right) e^{y}+f_{u} \cdot e^{y}+f_{x u} \frac{\partial u}{\partial y}+f_{x y}$ +$=f_{u u} \cdot x e^{2 y}+f_{u y} \cdot e^{y}+f_{u} \cdot e^{y}+f_{x u} \cdot x e^{y}+f_{x y}.$ + +4. (1995. I, II) 设 $u = f(x, y, z)$, $\varphi(x^2, e^y, z) = 0$, $y = \sin x$, 其中 $f, \varphi$ 都具有一阶连续偏导数, 且 $\frac{\partial \varphi}{\partial z} \neq 0$, 求 $\frac{du}{dx}$. diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00018.md b/markdowns/education_math_00018.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..dd3143df8b6bc75070348ce1e3fb13f808ca26b6 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00018.md @@ -0,0 +1,36 @@ +(记作$(\oint\limits_{\widehat{MQNRM}} - \oint\limits_{\widehat{MQNPM}}) \frac{\varphi(y) dx + 2xy dy}{2x^2 + y^4}$,下同)$=0$. + +根据第二类曲线积分的性质,再利用上式可得 + +$$\begin{aligned}\oint _ { C } { \frac { \varphi ( y ) d x + 2 x y d y } { 2 x ^ { 2 } + y ^ { 4 } } }& = \left( \int \limits_ { \widehat { N R M } } + \int\limits _ { \widehat { M P N } } \right) { \frac { \varphi ( y ) d x + 2 x y d y } { 2 x ^ { 2 } + y ^ { 4 } } } \\ +& = \left( \int\limits _ { \widehat { N R M } } - \int\limits _ { \widehat { N P M } } \right) { \frac { \varphi ( y ) d x + 2 x y d y } { 2 x ^ { 2 } + y ^ { 4 } } } \\ +& = \left[ \left( \int \limits_ { \widehat { M Q N } } + \int \limits_ { \widehat { N R M } } \right) - \left( \int\limits _ { \widehat { M Q N } } + \int \limits_ { \widehat { N P M } } \right) \right] { \frac { \varphi ( y ) d x + 2 x y d y } { 2 x ^ { 2 } + y ^ { 4 } } } \\ +& = \left( \oint \limits_ { \widehat { M Q N R M } } - \oint \limits_ { \widehat { M Q N P M } } \right) { \frac { \varphi ( y ) d x + 2 x y d y } { 2 x ^ { 2 } + y ^ { 4 } } } = 0 .\end{aligned}$$ + +(Ⅱ)解 设 $P = \frac{\varphi(y)}{2x^2 + y^4}$,$Q = \frac{2xy}{2x^2 + y^4}$,$P$、$Q$ 在单连通区域 $x > 0$ 内具有一阶连续偏导数。由(Ⅰ)知,曲线积分 $\int_L \frac{\varphi(y)dx + 2xydy}{2x^2 + y^4}$ 在该区域内与路径无关,故当 $x > 0$ 时,恒有 $\frac{\partial Q}{\partial x} = \frac{\partial P}{\partial y}$. + +$\frac{\partial Q}{\partial x}=\frac{2y(2x^{2}+y^{4})-4x\cdot2xy}{(2x^{2}+y^{4})^{2}}=\frac{-4x^{2}y+2y^{5}}{(2x^{2}+y^{4})^{2}},$ + +$\frac{\partial P}{\partial y} = \frac{\varphi^{\prime}(y)(2x^{2} + y^{4}) - 4\varphi(y)y^{3}}{(2x^{2} + y^{4})^{2}} = \frac{2x^{2}\varphi^{\prime}(y) + \varphi^{\prime}(y)y^{4} - 4\varphi(y)y^{3}}{(2x^{2} + y^{4})^{2}}$, + +比较上列两式的右端,要使它们恒等,需有 + +$\varphi'(y) = -2y$ 和 $\varphi'(y)y^4 - 4\varphi(y)y^3 = 2y^5$. + +由 $\varphi'(y) = -2y$ 得 $\varphi(y) = -y^{2} + C$,代入第二式得 + +$\varphi^{\prime}(y)y^{4}-4\varphi(y)y^{3}=-2y^{5}+4y^{5}-4Cy^{3}=2y^{5},$ + +因此 $C=0$,从而得 $\varphi(y) = -y^2$. + +19. (1990. I, II)质点 $P$ 沿着以 $AB$ 为直径的半圆周, 从点 $A(1,2)$ 运动到点 $B(3,4)$ 的过程中受变力 $F$ 的作用 (图研 7-6), $F$ 的大小等于点 $P$ 与原点 $O$ 之间的距离, 其方向垂直于线段 $OP$, 且与 $y$ 轴正向的夹角小于 $\frac{\pi}{2}$. 求变力 $F$ 对质点 $P$ 所作的功. + + + +图研 7-6 + +解 + +$\overrightarrow{OP}=x\boldsymbol{i}+y\boldsymbol{j},$ + +按题意,$|F|=|\overrightarrow{OP}|=\sqrt{x^2+y^2}$. diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00019.md b/markdowns/education_math_00019.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..79615dfa9ed20cf1e8aeae6cf31386da424bf204 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00019.md @@ -0,0 +1,24 @@ +## (一) 高等数学(下)期中考试试卷(I) + +## 试题 + +## 一、填空、选择题 + +1. 如果函数 $f(x,y)$ 满足如下条件中的______,则该函数在点 $(x_0,y_0)$ 处连续. + +(A) $\lim\limits_{x \to x_0} f(x, y_0) = f(x_0, y_0)$ 且 $\lim\limits_{y \to y_0} f(x_0, y) = f(x_0, y_0)$. +(B) $f(x,y)$在$(x_0,y_0)$处沿$l$方向有$\frac{\partial f}{\partial l}$. +(C) $f(x,y)$有偏导数$f_x(x_0,y_0),f_y(x_0,y_0)$. +(D) $f(x,y)$在$(x_0,y_0)$处可微分. + +2. 设函数 $f(x,y,z)$ 可微分且 $f_x(0,0,0)=1$, $f_y(0,0,0)=2$, $f_z(0,0,0)=3$. 如果 $u=f(x,\sin x,\tan x)$, 则 $\frac{du}{dx}\bigg|_{x=0}=$ ______. + +3. 如果函数 $f(x, y) = x^y$ 在点 $(1,1)$ 处沿某方向 $l$ 取得最大增长率, 则 $l=$ _______. + +4. 设曲面 $\Sigma$ 由曲线 $\begin{cases} 3x^2 - y^2 = 1, \\ z = 0 \end{cases}$ 绕 $x$ 轴旋转而成, 则 $\Sigma$ 在点 $(1,1,1)$ 处的单位法向量为______. + +5. 曲线 $\begin{cases} x^2 + y^2 + z^2 = 3, \\ x + y + z = 1 \end{cases}$ 在点 $(1,1,-1)$ 处的切线的对称式方程是 ______. + +6. 设 $f(x,y)$ 为连续函数,若交换积分次序,则 $\int_{0}^{2}\mathrm{d}x\int_{x^{2}-2x}^{\sqrt{2x}}f(x,y)\mathrm{d}y=$ ___. + +二、设 $f(x-y,\ln x)=\left(1-\frac{y}{x}\right)\frac{\mathrm{e}^{x-y}}{x\ln x}$,写出 $f(x,y)$ 的表达式并求 $\frac{\partial f}{\partial x}$ 与 $\frac{\partial f}{\partial y}$. diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00020.md b/markdowns/education_math_00020.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..78f4227e3bae2a26785fb3f7fea92c3b5a7c1c52 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00020.md @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +$$\begin{aligned} M & = \iiint\limits_{\Omega} z \, dV = \iint\limits_{D} dxdy \int_{a - \sqrt{a^2 - x^2 - y^2}}^{\sqrt{a^2 - x^2 - y^2}} z \, dz \\ & = \frac{1}{2} \iint\limits_{D} \left[ 2a \sqrt{a^2 - x^2 - y^2} - a^2 \right] dxdy \\ & = \frac{1}{2} \int_{0}^{2\pi} d\theta \int_{0}^{\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}a} \left[ 2a \sqrt{a^2 - \rho^2} - a^2 \right] \rho d\rho = \frac{5}{24} \pi a^4. \end{aligned}$$ + +八、(1) $\tau = (1, -2t, 3t^2)$, $n = (0, 3, 2)$. + +令 $\boldsymbol{\tau} \cdot \boldsymbol{n} = 0$,得 $t_{1} = 0, t_{2} = 1$,即 + +$\tau_{1}=(1,0,0),\tau_{2}=(1,-2,3).$ + +所求切线方程为 + +$\frac{x}{1} = \frac{y}{0} = \frac{z}{0} \text{ 与 } \frac{x-1}{1} = \frac{y+1}{-2} = \frac{z-1}{3}.$ + +(2) 取 $M_{1}(0,0,0)$, $M_{2}=(1,-1,1)$, $\overrightarrow{M_{1}M_{2}}=(1,-1,1)$. 所求距离为 + +$d=\frac{\left|(\tau_{1}\times\tau_{2})\cdot\overrightarrow{M_{2}M_{1}}\right|}{\left|\tau_{1}\times\tau_{2}\right|}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{13}}$ diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00021.md b/markdowns/education_math_00021.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..8456f9542600158cca0f15f01171bdcb6c6e22e3 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00021.md @@ -0,0 +1,42 @@ +总习题十 ................................................................. 140 + +第十一章 曲线积分与曲面积分 ........................................... 153 + 习题 11-1 对弧长的曲线积分 ........................................ 153 + 习题 11-2 对坐标的曲线积分 ........................................ 158 + 习题 11-3 格林公式及其应用 ........................................ 163 + 习题 11-4 对面积的曲面积分 ........................................ 173 + 习题 11-5 对坐标的曲面积分 ........................................ 179 + 习题 11-6 高斯公式 *通量与散度 .................................... 183 + 习题 11-7 斯托克斯公式 *环流量与旋度 .............................. 187 + 总习题十一 ........................................................ 193 + +第十二章 无穷级数 ..................................................... 203 + 习题 12-1 常数项级数的概念和性质 ................................. 203 + 习题 12-2 常数项级数的审敛法 ...................................... 207 + 习题 12-3 幂级数 .................................................. 211 + 习题 12-4 函数展开成幂级数 ........................................ 214 + 习题 12-5 函数的幂级数展开式的应用 ............................... 219 + 习题 12-6 函数项级数的一致收敛性及一致收敛级数的基本性质 ....... 226 + 习题 12-7 傅里叶级数 .............................................. 229 + 习题 12-8 一般周期函数的傅里叶级数 ............................... 235 + 总习题十二 ........................................................ 240 + +## 二、全国硕士研究生入学统一考试数学试题选解 + + (五) 向量代数与空间解析几何 ………………………………………… 253 + + (六) 多元函数微分学 …………………………………………………… 257 + +(七) 多元函数积分学 …………………………………………………… 270 + + (八) 无穷级数 …………………………………………………………… 286 + +## 三、同济大学高等数学试卷选编 + + (一)高等数学(下)期中考试试卷(Ⅰ) ………………… 299 + +$\quad$ 试题 …......………………………………………………………… 299 +$\quad$ 参考答案 ……………………………..…………………………… 300 + + + diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00022.md b/markdowns/education_math_00022.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..1388c35b8f02edc9cb6b72f552b50ed6bdb76dc7 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00022.md @@ -0,0 +1,53 @@ +解 设直角三角形的两直角边之长分别为 $x, y$,则周长 + +$S = x + y + l \quad (0 < x < l, 0 < y < l).$ + +本题是求周长 $S$ 在 $x^2 + y^2 = l^2$ 条件下的条件极值问题. + +作拉格朗日函数 + +$L(x,y) = x + y + l + \lambda(x^2 + y^2 - l^2).$ + +令 + +$$ +\left\{ +\begin{array}{l} +L_x = 1 + 2\lambda x = 0, \\ +L_y = 1 + 2\lambda y = 0. +\end{array} +\right. +$$ + +解得 $x=y=-\frac{1}{2\lambda}$. 代入 $x^{2}+y^{2}=l^{2}$,得 $\lambda=-\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2l}$,于是 $x=y=\frac{l}{\sqrt{2}}$,$\left(\frac{l}{\sqrt{2}},\frac{l}{\sqrt{2}}\right)$ 是惟一可能的极值点,根据问题性质可知这种最大周长的直角三角形一定存在,所以在斜边之长为 l 的一切直角三角形中,周长最大的是等腰直角三角形. + +注 条件极值的解法,一般是采用拉格朗日乘数法求解.但要注意利用乘数法所得到的点只是可能极值点,究竟这些点是否极值点以及是极大点还是极小点尚需进一步判断.在实际问题中往往可根据问题本身的性质来判定.在特殊情形下,条件极值问题可化为无条件极值问题求解. + +7. 要造一个容积等于定数 k 的长方体无盖水池,应如何选择水池的尺寸,方可使它的表面积最小. + +__解__ 设水池的长为 $a$,宽为 $b$,高为 $c$,则水池的表面积为 + +$A=ab+2ac+2bc(a>0,b>0,c>0).$ + +约束条件 $abc = k$. + +作拉格朗日函数 $L(a,b,c)=ab+2ac+2bc+\lambda(abc-k)$. + +由 + +$$ +\left\{ +\begin{array}{l} +L_a = b + 2c + \lambda bc = 0, \\ +L_b = a + 2c + \lambda ac = 0, \\ +L_c = 2a + 2b + \lambda ab = 0, \\ +abc = k, +\end{array} +\right. +$$ + +解得 $a=b=\sqrt[3]{2k}$, $c=\frac{1}{2}\sqrt[3]{2k}$, $\lambda=-\sqrt[3]{\frac{32}{k}}$. + +$\left(\sqrt[3]{2k},\sqrt[3]{2k},\frac{1}{2}\sqrt[3]{2k}\right)$ 是惟一可能的极值点,由问题本身可知 A 一定有最小值,所以表面积最小的水池的长和宽都应为 $\sqrt[3]{2k}$,高为 $\frac{1}{2}\sqrt[3]{2k}$. + +8. 在平面 $xOy$ 上求一点, 使它到 $x=0$, $y=0$ 及 $x+2y-16=0$ 三直线的距离平方之和为最小. diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00023.md b/markdowns/education_math_00023.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..df7bbdf70d6bbb68241fdcdf24952afc2b2875c1 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00023.md @@ -0,0 +1,41 @@ +$y)\geqslant1$,从而$\left[\ln(x+y)\right]^{2}\geqslant\ln(x+y)$。因此 + +$$\iint \limits_ { D } [ \ln ( x + y ) ] ^ { 2 } d \sigma \geqslant \iint \limits_ { D } \ln ( x + y ) d \sigma .$$ + +5. 利用二重积分的性质估计下列积分的值: + +(1) $I = \iint\limits_D xy(x + y) d\sigma$, 其中 $D = \{(x, y) \mid 0 \leq x \leq 1, 0 \leq y \leq 1\}$; + +(2) $I = \iint\limits_D \sin^2 x \sin^2 y \, d\sigma$, 其中 $D = \{(x,y) \mid 0 \leq x \leq \pi, 0 \leq y \leq \pi\}$; + +(3) $$ I = \iint\limits_{D} (x + y + 1) \, d\sigma ,其中 D = \{(x, y) \mid 0 \leqslant x \leqslant 1, 0 \leqslant y \leqslant 2\} ;$$ + +(4) $$ I = \iint\limits_{D} (x^{2} + 4y^{2} + 9) \, d\sigma ,其中 D = \{(x, y) \mid x^{2} + y^{2} \leqslant 4\}. $$ + +解 (1)在积分区域 $D$ 上,$0 \leqslant x \leqslant 1$,$0 \leqslant y \leqslant 1$,从而 $0 \leqslant xy(x+y) \leqslant 2$ 又 $D$ 的面积等于 1,因此 + +$0 \leqslant \iint_{D} xy (x + y) \, d\sigma \leqslant 2.$ + +(2) 在积分区域 D 上,$0 \leqslant \sin x \leqslant 1, 0 \leqslant \sin y \leqslant 1$,从而 $0 \leqslant \sin^{2} x \sin^{2} y \leqslant 1$,又 D 的面积等于 $\pi^{2}$,因此 + +$0 \leqslant \iint_{D} \sin^{2} x \sin^{2} y \, d\sigma \leqslant \pi^{2}.$ + +(3) 在积分区域 D 上有 $1 \leqslant x + y + 1 \leqslant 4$,D 的面积等于 2,因此 + +$2 \leqslant \iint\limits_{D}(x+y+1) \mathrm{d} \sigma \leqslant 8.$ + +(4) 因为在积分区域 D 上有 $0 \leqslant x^{2} + y^{2} \leqslant 4$,所以有 + +$9 \leqslant x^{2} + 4y^{2} + 9 \leqslant 4(x^{2} + y^{2}) + 9 \leqslant 25.$ + +又 D 的面积等于 $4\pi$,因此 + +$36\pi\leqslant\iint_{D}(x^{2}+4y^{2}+9)\,d\sigma\leqslant100\pi.$ + +## 习题 10-2 二重积分的计算法 + +1. 计算下列二重积分: + +(1) $\iint\limits_{D}(x^{2}+y^{2})d\sigma$, 其中 $D = \{(x,y) \mid |x| \leqslant 1, |y| \leqslant 1\}$; + +(2) $\iint\limits_{D}(3x+2y)d\sigma$, 其中 $D$ 是由两坐标轴及直线 $x+y=2$ 所围成的闭区域; diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00024.md b/markdowns/education_math_00024.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..75496da2503bd9c9e0b6f34e3b1b64bfb1ad8f5e --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00024.md @@ -0,0 +1,77 @@ +由 $\frac{2}{1} = \frac{b - 13}{13 - a}$,解得 $2a + b = 39$;A 和 B 按照 1:2 配比成 14% 的溶液,由 $\frac{1}{2} = \frac{b - 14}{14 - a}$,解得 $a + 2b = 42$。 + +联立方程组 $\begin{cases} 2a + b = 39 \\ a + 2b = 42 \end{cases}$,解得 $\begin{cases} a = 12 \\ b = 15 \end{cases}$。 +若 A 与 B 按照 1 : 1 进行配比,则混合液浓度为 $\frac{12\% + 15\%}{2} = 13.5\%$; + +设 C 的浓度为 $x\%$, 根据“十字交叉法”。 + + + +由 $\frac{2}{3} = \frac{10.2 - x}{13.5 - 10.2}$,解得 x = 8。所以 C 的浓度为 8%。 + +## 单元四 方程问题 + +## 一、解答题 + +1. 解: 根据题意, 100 克甲瓶盐水与 300 克乙瓶盐水所含溶质相同, 所以, 甲瓶盐水的溶质为混合溶液溶质的 $\frac{1}{2}$ 。又因为甲瓶溶液是混合溶液的 $\frac{1}{4}$,所以甲瓶盐水的浓度为 $1 \times 15\% \times \frac{1}{2} \div \frac{1}{4} = 30\%$ 。 + +答:甲瓶盐水的浓度是 30%。 + +2.【思路分析】此题可设丙种酒精溶液为 x 千克,根据“甲种酒精溶液中纯酒精千克数 + 乙种酒精溶液中纯酒精的千克数 + 丙种酒精溶液中纯酒精的千克数 = 三种酒精溶液混合后纯酒精的千克数”列方程解答。 + +解: 设丙种酒精溶液有 x 千克, 乙种酒精溶液有 $(x + 3)$ 千克, 甲种酒精溶液有 $11 - x - (x + 3) = 8 - 2x$ 千克。根据题意可得 $(8 - 2x) \times 40\% + (x + 3) \times 36\% + x \times 35\% = 11 \times 38.5\%$, 解得 x = 0.5, 则 $8 - 2x = 8 - 0.5 \times 2 = 7$ (千克), 所以甲种酒精溶液有 7 千克。 + +答: 甲种酒精溶液有 7 千克。 + +【解题突破】解答此题的关键是用字母表示其中一个未知量,并利用数量间的相等关系列出方程。题中有多个未知量时,应确定用字母表示哪个未知量最便于列方程,其他的未知量根据数量关系用含有字母的式子表示。 + +3. 解: 设乙瓶酒精溶液的浓度为 $x\%$, 则混合溶液的浓度为 $2x\%$。由题意知 x < 2x < 8。 + + + +解得 $x = 3$。 + +答: 原来乙瓶酒精溶液的浓度为 3%。 + +4. 解:(1) 设 A、B 两种酒精溶液混合后的浓度为 $y\%$。 + + + +解得 $y = 12$。 + +(2)设 A 种酒精溶液的浓度为 $x\%$, 则 B 种酒精溶液的浓度为 $\frac{x}{2}\%$。 + + + +解得 $x = 20$。 + +答:(1) A、B 两种酒精溶液混合后的浓度是 12%; (2) A 种酒精溶液的浓度是 20%。 + +5. 解: 20% 与 30% 的两种酒精溶液按 3:1 的比例混合后得到溶液的浓度为 + +$\begin{aligned}&(3\times20\%+1\times30\%)\div(3+1)\\&=(60\%+30\%)\div4\\&=22.5\%\end{aligned}$ + +浓度为 45% 的酒精溶液用量为 + +$(45 \times 35\% - 45 \times 22.5\%) \div (45\% - 22.5\%)$ +$=(15.75-10.125)\div0.225$ +$=5.625\div0.225$ +$=25(千克)$ + +浓度为 20% 的酒精用量溶液为 + +$(45-25)\div(3+1)\times3$ +$=20\div4\times3$ +$=15$(千克) + +浓度为 30% 的酒精溶液用量为 + +$15 \div 3 = 5$ (千克) + +答:浓度为 20%、30% 和 45% 的三种酒精溶液分别用了 15 千克、5 千克和 25 千克。 + +6. 解: 设小瓶溶液浓度为 $x\%$, 则 $3 \times 8\% + 2 \cdot x\% = 2 \cdot x\% \times (2 + 3)$, +解得 x = 3, 即小瓶溶液的浓度为 3%。 + +答:原来小瓶酒精溶液的浓度是百分之三。 + diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00025.md b/markdowns/education_math_00025.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..67ebedcc856f25eb5f620345151b45e7a5534a6d --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00025.md @@ -0,0 +1,25 @@ +2. 小华家所在的单元楼,地面上32层是居民住房,地下2层是停车场,小华乘电梯从地下2层到地上26层时,电梯上升了几层? + +3. 现在有小树苗若干棵,准备围绕圆形水池栽种,若每棵树苗相距2米,还少5棵树苗;若每棵树苗相距3米,还剩余4棵树苗,求小树苗有多少棵?圆形水池的周长是多少米? + +4. 在一条公路两边植树,每隔3米种1棵,从公路东头种到西头还剩5棵树苗;如果改为每隔2.5米种1棵,还缺树苗115棵,问这条公路长多少米? + +5. 为保持水土、美化环境,某小学准备在校门口到操场的道路两侧栽一些垂柳,要求路两侧树的棵数和间距均相等,且首、尾两端均栽上树,现在学校已备好一批树苗,若每间隔3米栽一棵,则缺少18棵;若每间隔3.5米栽一棵,则缺少10棵。 + +(1)如果每间隔4米栽一棵,则所备树苗是剩余还是不足?剩余或缺少多少棵? + +(2)如果想使备用树苗够用且刚好用完,应该每间隔多少米栽一棵树?(精确到0.1米) + +## 单元七 平均数问题 + +## 一、填空题 + +1. 把一些练习本分给两个组的学生,平均每人可分得6本。如果只分给甲组的学生,每人可分得10本;如果只分给乙组的学生,每人可分得________本。 + +2. 甲班有 55 人, 乙班有 45 人, 某次考试两个班全体同学的平均成绩是 80 分, 乙班的平均成绩要比甲班的平均成绩高 7 分, 问乙班的平均成绩是 ___ 分。 + +3. 小华前 $n$ 次数学测试的平均分是85,这一次考了100分后平均成绩提高至88分,这一次是第__________次测试。 + +4. 甲、乙、丙、丁四人参加一个计算机技能比赛,甲、乙两人的平均成绩为 85 分,他们两人的平均成绩比丙的成绩低 9 分,比丁的成绩高 3 分,那么他们四人的平均成绩为 ___ 分。 + +5. 六年级一班数学考试成绩平均分为85分,其中$\frac{2}{3}$的人得了80分以上(含80分),这些人的平均分为91分,则低于80分的人的平均分是______分。 diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00026.md b/markdowns/education_math_00026.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..86ca175cededb75509a8ce2e54df1264d87f249c --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00026.md @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +4. 底面为正方形的长方体, 底面边长增加 10%, 高减少 10%, 那么体积增加了 ___ %。 + +5. 如图 2-2 所示为一块长方形铁皮, 利用图中的阴影部分刚好能做成一个底面直径是 2 分米的圆柱体容器(接口处忽略不计), 这块长方形铁皮的利用率约是 ___ %。 + + + +图 2-2 + +6. 已知甲校学生人数是乙校学生人数的 40%,甲校女生人数是甲校男生人数的 60%,乙校男生人数是乙校学生人数的 40%,那么两校男生人数占两校总人数的 ______。 + +## 三、解答题 + +1. 一本书共156页,小华第一天读了全书的25%,第二天又读了全书的$\frac{1}{6}$,还剩下多少页没有读? + +2. 将 2003 减去它的 $\frac{1}{2}$,再减去余下的 $\frac{1}{3}$,再减去余下的 $\frac{1}{4}$,以此类推,最后减去余下的 $\frac{1}{2003}$。剩下的数是多少? + +3. 王爷爷去年在自家小屋后面的山坡上种下 150 棵小树,过了一段时间发现树枯死了 10 棵,于是又补种 10 棵,结果全部成活,王爷爷去年植树的成活率是多少? + +4. 育华小学六年级有学生 320 人, 其中 70 人已达到国家体育锻炼标准, 要使六年级“达标率”达到 85%, 还应有多少人达标? + +5. 一天,乐乐老师从超市买了一包糖果,里面共有60块糖果,乐乐老师打算把这些糖分给大家,谁知同学们听到分糖果都高兴坏了,飞一般地冲到乐乐老师面前抢糖果,牛牛抢得最多,抢到糖果总数的$\frac{1}{3}$,阿普抢到了$\frac{1}{6}$,田田抢到了$\frac{1}{12}$,丁丁抢到了$\frac{1}{4}$,这时乐乐老师手中还剩多少块糖? + +6. 学校阅览室里有 36 名学生在看书,其中女生占 $\frac{4}{9}$,后来又有几名女生来看书,这时女 diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00027.md b/markdowns/education_math_00027.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..d59f220b61fbc116478d125063f43c3fac5b3725 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00027.md @@ -0,0 +1,59 @@ +$11000 \div 10000 = 1.1(厘米)$,太短,排除选项 B、C;$11000 \div 200 = 55(厘米)$,太长,超过本子的长度,排除选项 A;D 选项,$11000 \div 2000 = 5.5(厘米)$,$6500 \div 2000 = 3.25(厘米)$,符合要求。 + +5.D[解析]设其缩小后的面积为$x$平方米,则$x:2250000=(1:12000)^2$,$x=0.015625$(平方米)$=156.25$(平方厘米),其面积相当于数学课本封面的面积。 + +【解题突破】此题考查了生活常识和比例尺的问题,先根据比例尺求出图上面积,再和题中所给选项进行比较。正确估计选项中不同物体的面积是解答本题的关键。 + +## 二、填空题 + +1.300【解析】根据比例尺=$\frac{图上距离}{实际距离}$,可以得出实际距离=$6000000\times5=30000000(厘米)=300(千米)$。 + +2.2.4【解析】$3 \times 8 = 24$(毫米)= 2.4(厘米)。 + +3. 1.65【解析】设杨老师的身高为 $x$ 米,则 $1.4:2.8 = x:3.3$,解得 $x = 1.65$。 + +【解题突破】解决此类问题只须保证对应单位统一即可,因此本题可不必将米转化为厘米。 + +4.35【解析】1050 千米 = 105000000 厘米,所以图上距离是 $105000000 \div 3000000 = 35$(厘米)。 + +5.12 8【解析】先换算单位:$120 米 = 12000 厘米$,$80 米 = 8000 厘米$,再根据比例尺计算,长是 $12000 \div 1000 = 12(厘米)$,宽是 $8000 \div 1000 = 8(厘米)$。 + +6.1:500 24【解析】比例尺为10厘米:50米=10厘米:5000厘米=1:500。长应该画$120\times100\div500=24$(厘米)。 + +7.800【解析】根据比例尺=图上距离:实际距离,可以得到实际面积=图上面积÷比例尺的平方。即实际面积$=8\div\left(\frac{1}{1000}\right)^{2}=8000000$(平方厘米)$=800(\text{平方米})$。 + +【易错分析】本题易错在直接使用比例尺,要注意比例尺指的是边的比,面积比是平方关系。 + +8.320【解析】设 A 城到 B 城山的距离为 x 厘米,则 $x \cdot \frac{1}{800000} - x \cdot \frac{1}{1000000} = 8$,解得 x = 32000000,即实际距离是 32000000 厘米 = 320 千米。 + +【解题突破】由于两幅地图的比例尺不同,则图上距离不同,又因为比例尺=图上距离÷实际距离,所以实际距离相等的情况下,比例尺越大则图上距离越大。 + +9.40【解析】$10\div\frac{1}{4000000}=40000000$(厘米)=400(千米)。$400\div4=100$(千米/时), +$100\div\left(1+\frac{2}{3}\right)=60$(千米/时),$60\times\frac{2}{3}=40$(千米/时)。 + +## 三、解答题 + +解:同一时间同一地点,身高与影子成正比,牛牛的身高与影子之比$=1.5:2.4=5:8$,所以树的高度与影子之比$=5:8$,树的高度$4\div8\times5=2.5$(米)。 + +答:这棵树有2.5米高。 + +## 单元四 按比例分配 + +## 一、选择题 + +1. A【解析】由已知得减数为$\frac{15}{5}\times3=9$,所以差为15-9=6,故差与减数之比为6:9=2:3。 + +2. C【解析】根据后来甲与乙的本数比是4:1,那么因为总数为$130+70=200$(本),$200\div(4+1)$算出后来每份的数量是40本,故乙给甲70-40=30(本)。 + +【解题突破】解决这个问题的关键是根据按比例分配,用总数除以总份数算出一份的数量,从而得到后来乙的本数,再算出乙需要给甲的本数。 + +3. B【解析】比的前项减去一个数,后项加上这个数后得到的比为1:1,说明前项和后项相差这个数的2倍。7:5的前项和后项相差2,正好是2的倍数。故答案是B。 + +4. A【解析】依据题意得(甲+乙):(乙+丙)=6:5, 令(甲+乙)是6份,(乙+丙)是5份, 则甲比丙多6-5=1(份), 又因为甲比丙多9元, 即1份是9元, 则甲+乙=9×6=54(元); 丙有78-54=24(元)。 + +【一题多解】本题也可以用方程解答,设丙有 $x$ 元,则甲有 $(x+9)$ 元,乙有 $[78-x-(x+9)]=(69-2x)$ 元。依据题意列方程 $\frac{(x+9)+(69-2x)}{x+(69-2x)}=\frac{6}{5}$, 解得 $x=24$。 + +5.A【解析】设实际500克的香蕉在商贩的秤上的重量为x克,则500:x=400:500,解得x=625,则商贩应再称625-500=125(克),才能给足500克香蕉。 + +【解题突破】根据实际重量与秤上的重量的比算出实际500克在秤上的重量是解题关键。 + diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00028.md b/markdowns/education_math_00028.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..81bf56bb8add81a3faa1d12d838401164530810e --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00028.md @@ -0,0 +1,36 @@ +## Series 43 & 504 + +## Plate Heatsink + + + +Notes: + +1. Current ratings shown are for natural convection cooling resistive or inductive loads for single phase circuits and all loads for three phase circuits + +2. Use 2.0 times the listed current ratings for forced convect-tion cooling at 1000LFM + +3. For single phase battery, capacitive, or motor loads: the output current shown below should be derated to 80% of the values shown. + +4. Assemblies with heat sink sizes other than those shown below are available on request for special applications. + +## Series 43 + + +
CircuitSizeDim.InchesMillimeters
Min.Max.Min.Max.
1ø Bridge5x5K9.259.75234.9247.6
3ø Bridge7x7K9.7510.25247.6260.3
3ø Bridge5x5K13.013.5330.2342.9
3ø Bridge7x7K13.013.5330.2342.9
Same for both circuits5x5M0.360.389.149.65
P2.492.5163.263.7
E4.995.01126.7127.2
R5.996.01152.1152.6
H0.981.0025.125.6
S0.56×0.28 Norm.14x7.1 Nom.
Same for both circuits7x7M0.360.389.149.65
P3.743.7694.995.5
E6.997.01177.5178.0
R7.998.01202.9203.4
H0.981.0025.125.6
S0.31x0.18 Nom.7.9x4.7 Nom.
+ +## Series 504 + + +
CircuitSizeDim.InchesMillimeters
Min.Max.Min.Max.
1ø Bridge5x5K10.511.0266.7279.4
3ø Bridge7x7K10.511.0266.7279.4
3ø Bridge5x5K15.015.5381.0393.7
3ø Bridge7x7K15.015.5381.0393.7
Same for both circuits5x5M0.360.389.149.65
P2.492.5163.263.7
E4.995.01126.7127.2
R5.996.01152.1152.6
H0.981.0024.825.4
S0.56x0.28 Nom.14x7.1 Nom.
Same for both circuits7x7M0.360.389.149.65
P3.743.7694.995.5
E6.997.01177.5178.0
R7.998.01202.9203.4
H0.981.0024.825.4
S0.56x0.28 Nom.14x7.1 Nom.
+ +Ratings — Average Circuit Output Current — Amperes + + +
DIODE SERIESHEAT SINK SIZE (inches)IFSM AMPSAMBIENT TEMP °C1-PHASE
1/2 WAVE
1-PHASE CTR. TAP1-PHASE BRIDGE3-PHASE 1/2 WAVE3-PHASE BRIDGE3-PHASE CTR. TAP3-PHASE DEL—WYE
435x5x1/825004042.084.084.0126.0126.0205.4252.0
435x5x1/825007032.064.064.096.096.0156.5192.0
435x5x1/8250010024.048.048.072.072.0117.4144.0
437x7x1/825004052.0104.0104.0156.0156.0254.3312.0
437x7x1/825007040.080.080.0120.0120.0195.6240.0
437x7x1/8250010028.056.056.054.054.0137.0165.0
+ +Ratings — Average Circuit Output Current — Amperes + + +
DIODE SERIESHEAT SINK SIZE (inches)IFSM AMPSAMBIENT TEMP °C1-PHASE
1/2 WAVE
1-PHASE CTR. TAP1-PHASE BRIDGE3-PHASE 1/2 WAVE3-PHASE BRIDGE3-PHASE CTR. TAP3-PHASE DEL—WYE
435x5x1/855004062.0124.0124.0188.0186.0303.0372.0
435x5x1/855007047.094.094.0141.0141.0230.0282.0
435x5x1/8550010033.066.066.099.099.0161.0198.0
437x7x1/855004051.0162.0162.0243.0243.0396.0456.0
437x7x1/855007063.0125.0126.0189.0189.0308.0378.0
437x7x1/8550010045.090.090.0135.0135.0220.0270.0
+ diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00029.md b/markdowns/education_math_00029.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..904969eefa2cc8e1455860b2a4d7b0ee896d2354 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00029.md @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +29.(本小题8分)已知$a=(3,2)$,$b=(-1,2)$,$c=(4,1)$. + +(1) 求 $3a + b - 2c$; + +(2)求满足 $\mathbf{a}=m\mathbf{b}+n\mathbf{c}$ 的实数 $m$、$n$; + +(3)若$(\mathbf{a}+k\mathbf{c})//(2\mathbf{b}-\mathbf{a})$,求实数$k$. + +30.(本小题 10 分)已知平行四边形 $ABCD$ 中,$A(1,2)$,$B(2,5)$,对角线交点 $M(3,0)$,求点 $C$ 和点 $D$ 的坐标. + diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00030.md b/markdowns/education_math_00030.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..980d87ba142f684e264e09b166afbccf1a210584 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00030.md @@ -0,0 +1,65 @@ +11. D __解析__:$|a+b+c|=|2c|=2|c|=2\sqrt{2}$。应选 D. + +12. C 解析:$\because \angle A=90^{\circ}, \therefore \overrightarrow{AB} \cdot \overrightarrow{AC}=0, \therefore (m,1) \cdot (2,-4)=0, \therefore m=2.$ + +13. B __解析__: 由$(3m-4n)\mathbf{e}_{1}+(2m-3n)\mathbf{e}_{2}=6\mathbf{e}_{1}+3\mathbf{e}_{2}$可得$\begin{cases}3m-4n=6 & ①, \\ 2m-3n=3 & ②,\end{cases}$ + +由①—②得 m-n=3 ,故选 B. + +14. A 解析: 由向量垂直得出 $m=4$, 故 $2a+b=(-6,8)$. + +15. A 解析:$\because \overrightarrow{BD}=\overrightarrow{BC}+\overrightarrow{CD}=2a+4b=2\overrightarrow{AB}$,且有一个公共点B,$\therefore A, B, D$三点共线。故选A. + +16. B 解析: 如右图所示, 设 AD 与 BE 相交于 O, 则 $\overrightarrow{AO} = \frac{2}{3} \overrightarrow{AD}$, $\overrightarrow{OD} = \frac{1}{3} \overrightarrow{AD}$, + + + +$\overrightarrow{BO}=\frac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{BE},\overrightarrow{OE}=\frac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{BE}.$ + +$\therefore \overrightarrow{BC}=2\overrightarrow{BD}=2(\overrightarrow{BO}+\overrightarrow{OD})$ + +$=2\left(\frac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{BE}+\frac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{AD}\right)=\frac{4}{3}b+\frac{2}{3}a$,故选B. + +17. C __解析__:设 $\boldsymbol{b}=(x,y)$, 因为 $\boldsymbol{a}=(3,-4), \boldsymbol{a}//\boldsymbol{b}$. 所以 $3y=-4x, |\boldsymbol{b}|=10$. 所以 $x^2+y^2=100$. + +解得 $b=(-6,8)$ 或 $(6,-8)$. + +18. A __解析__:$\left|a-b\right|^{2}=\left|a\right|^{2}-2\left|a\right|\cdot\left|b\right|+\left|b\right|^{2}=9+4-12=1$ + +19. D + +20. C 解析: $ma + nb = m(2,3) + n(-1,2)$ +$=(2m-n,3m+2n)$, + +$a-2b=(2,3)-2(-1,2)=(4,-1),$ + +又 $m\boldsymbol{a} + n\boldsymbol{b}$ 与 $\boldsymbol{a} - 2\boldsymbol{b}$ 平行, + +$\therefore(2m-n)(-1)-(3m+2n)\times4=0,$ + +即 $14m+7n=0,\therefore\frac{m}{n}=-\frac{1}{2}.$ + +故选 C. + +21. 平行 解析: $a + b = (2, -4)$, $a - b = (-8, 16)$, $\because 2 \times 16 - (-4) \times (-8) = 0$, 由此可得 $a + b$ 与 a - b 平行. + +22.2 __解析__:$\because \mathbf{a}//\mathbf{b}, \therefore n^2 - 4 = 0, \therefore n = 2$ 或 $n = -2$, 又 $\because \mathbf{a}$ 与 $\mathbf{b}$ 方向相同,$\therefore n = 2$. + +23.0 解析:$\because a=(3,1),c=(k,2)$, + +$\therefore a-c=(3-k,-1).$ + +又 $b=(1,3)$,且 $(a-c)\perp b$, + +$\therefore(a-c)\cdot b=0,$ + +即 $1 \times (3 - k) + (-1) \times 3 = 0$. + +$\therefore k=0$, 故应填 $0$. + +24.$-\frac{3}{2}$ 解析:$\langle\overrightarrow{AB},\overrightarrow{CA}\rangle=120^{\circ},\overrightarrow{AB}\cdot\overrightarrow{CA}=|\overrightarrow{AB}|\cdot|\overrightarrow{CA}|\cdot\cos120^{\circ}=-\frac{3}{2}.$ + +25. $2\sqrt{2}$ 解析:由 $\overrightarrow{OD} = \frac{1}{2} (\overrightarrow{OA} + \overrightarrow{OB} - \overrightarrow{CB}) = \frac{1}{2} (\overrightarrow{OA} + \overrightarrow{OC})$ 知点 D 为线段 AC 的中点,则 $D(2,2)$,所以 $\overrightarrow{BD} = (-2,2)$,于是 $|\overrightarrow{BD}| = \sqrt{(-2)^2 + (2)^2} = 2\sqrt{2}$. + +26. 解: (1) $a \cdot b = 1 \times \sqrt{2} \cos 45^{\circ} = 1$. + diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00031.md b/markdowns/education_math_00031.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..c0cd0157e0efbb186464b324beb4486748cf0fd7 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00031.md @@ -0,0 +1,35 @@ +$\because |a+b|^{2}=|a|^{2}+2a\cdot b+|b|^{2}=1^{2}+2\times1+(\sqrt{2})^{2}=5,$ + +$\therefore |a+b|=\sqrt{5}.$ + +(2)$\because(a-b)\perp a,\therefore(a-b)\cdot a=|a|^{2}-b\cdot a=0$, 即 $1-1\times\sqrt{2}\cos\langle a,b\rangle=0$ + +解得 $\cos\langle\boldsymbol{a},\boldsymbol{b}\rangle=\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}.$ + +又$\because0\leqslant\langle a,b\rangle\leqslant\pi,\therefore\langle a,b\rangle=\frac{\pi}{4}.$ + +27. 解:$\overrightarrow{AB}=\overrightarrow{MB}-\overrightarrow{MA}=(4,5)-(k,12)=(4-k,-7)$,$\overrightarrow{BC}=\overrightarrow{MC}-\overrightarrow{MB}=(-k,10)-(4,5)=(-k-4,5)$,又 A, B, C 三点共线,所以 $\overrightarrow{AB} \parallel \overrightarrow{BC}$,即 $5(4-k)=-7(-k-4)$。所以 $k=-\frac{2}{3}$. + +28. 解:因为 $ ma - b = (m, m + 2) $,$ a - b = (1, 3) $, + +所以$(ma-b)\cdot(a-b)=0$,即$m+3m+6=0$。所以$m=-\frac{3}{2}$. + +29. 解: (1) $3a + b - 2c = (0, 6)$. + +(2)$\because \boldsymbol{a}=m\boldsymbol{b}+n\boldsymbol{c},\therefore(3,2)=m(-1,2)+n(4,1)=(-m+4n,2m+n).$ + +$\therefore\left\{\begin{aligned}-m+4n&=3,\\ 2m+n&=2,\end{aligned}\right.$ +$\therefore\left\{\begin{aligned}m&=\frac{5}{9},\\ n&=\frac{8}{9}.\end{aligned}\right.$ + +(3)由 $a + kc = (3 + 4k, 2 + k)$, $2b - a = (-5, 2)$, $(a + kc) // (2b - a)$, 得 $2 \times (3 + 4k) - (-5) \times (2 + k) = 0$, $\therefore k = -\frac{16}{13}$. + +30.__解__: 设 $C(x_{C}, y_{C}), D(x_{D}, y_{D})$. + +在平行四边形 ABCD 中,M 是对角线 BD 和 AC 的中点,由中点公式得 $3=\frac{(1+x_{C})}{2}$ + +$0=\frac{(2+y_{c})}{2},3=\frac{(2+x_{D})}{2},0=\frac{(5+y_{D})}{2},$ + +解得 $x_c=5,y_c=-2,x_D=4,y_D=-5$, + +所以 $C(5,-2)$, $D(4,-5)$. + diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00032.md b/markdowns/education_math_00032.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..77996a9948e8985d9cfb1c03c8efaf2c6612ff67 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00032.md @@ -0,0 +1,48 @@ +(5)$\frac{2}{3}-\frac{1}{2}=$ + +(6)$\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{3}=$ + +$(7) 8 \div \frac{1}{4} =$ + +(8)$\frac{7}{9}\times\frac{3}{7}$ + +24. 下面各题,怎样简便怎样算。 + +$8.5+1.7-2.5+3.3$ + +$\frac{5}{12}\div\frac{3}{2}+\frac{7}{12}\times\frac{2}{3}$ + +$4\times\left(\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{5}\right)\times5$ + +$\frac{9}{10} \div \left[ \frac{1}{2} \times \left( \frac{6}{5} - \frac{1}{3} \right) \right]$ + +25. 解方程 + +$3x - 6.8 = 20.2$ + +$3~(x-2.1)=8.4$ + +$1.4x+2.6x=12$ + +## 五.操作题(共1小题,满分3分,每小题3分) + +26. 按 2:1 画出长方形放大后的图形。 + + + +## 六.应用题(共5小题,满分20分) + +27. 买一台电脑,分期付款购买要加价6%,如果现金购买可按原价的98%成交。李老师算了算,发现分期付款比现金购买要多付600元,这台电脑原价是多少元? + +28. 李老师获得一笔劳务费,按规定:超出800元的部分要按20%的税率缴纳个人所得税。李老师缴税120元,他实际收入是多少元? + +29. 王叔叔和李叔叔两人骑自行车从相距 22.4 千米的两地同时出发,相向而行。王叔叔骑车的速度是 13 千米/时,李叔叔骑车的速度是 15 千米/时,他们出发后几时相遇? + +30. 如图,一个圆锥形谷堆,把这些谷子全部放到一个1.5米高的圆柱形粮囤里,正好装满。这个圆柱形粮囤的占地面积约是多少? + + + + + +31. 妈妈买回一块蛋糕,姐姐先吃了这块蛋糕的$\frac{1}{5}$,妹妹又吃了剩下蛋糕的$\frac{1}{4}$,谁吃的蛋糕 + diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00033.md b/markdowns/education_math_00033.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..c0b5b375f88d4e53b2ee2471eeae2d4353dc5f20 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00033.md @@ -0,0 +1,38 @@ +根据分数与除法的关系$\frac{1}{4}$=1÷4,再根据商不变的性质被除数、除数都乘7就是7÷28;根据比与分数的关系$\frac{1}{4}$=1:4,再根据比的基本性质比的前、后项都乘4就是4:16;把25%的小数点向左移动两位同时去掉百分号就是0.25. + +【解答】解:$7\div28=\frac{2}{8}=25\%=4:$ 16=0.25. + +故答案为:28,2,16,0.25。 + +【点评】此题主要是考查除法、小数、分数、百分数,比之间的关系及转化.利用它们之间的关系和性质进行转化即可. + +4. 【分析】(1)求每份是这根铁丝的几分之几,表示把8米长的铁丝看作单位“1”,把单位“1”平均分成6份,求的是每一份占的分率,用除法计算: + +(2)求4份长的米数,先求得一份的长度再乘4即可 + +【解答】解:$1\div6=\frac{1}{6}$ + +$8\div6\times4=\frac{16}{3}$(米) + +【点评】解决此题关键是弄清求得是具体的数量还是分率,求具体的数量平均分的是具体的数量;求分率平均分的是单位“1”,都用除法计算. + +5.【分析】妈妈年龄=苗苗的年龄+25岁,当苗苗x岁时,妈妈的年龄$y=x+25$岁;当妈妈55岁退休时,苗苗的年龄=55-25=30(岁);据此解答. + +【解答】解:当苗苗 x 岁时,妈妈的年龄 $y=x+25$ 岁: + +当妈妈55岁退休时,苗苗的年龄=55-25=30(岁): + +故答案为:$x+25:30$. + +【点评】考查了用字母表示数,本题关键是得到妈妈与苗苗年龄之间的关系,在两人年龄之间的关系中年龄差是定值。 + +6. 【分析】先用 “50 - 2” 求出出勤的人数,进而根据 “出勤率=$\frac{出勤人数}{全班总人数}$$\times100\%$” 进行解答即可。 + +【解答】解:$\frac{50-2}{50}\times100\%=96\%$ + +答:六(3)班这天的出勤率是96%。 + +故答案为:96%。 + +【点评】此题属于百分率问题,解答时都是用一部分数量(或全部数量)除以全部数量 + diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00034.md b/markdowns/education_math_00034.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..ee35fac09a92541f12ef6b2270e9dd39da3b3438 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00034.md @@ -0,0 +1,44 @@ +(2) $307200 \times 1.5 \% = 4608$ (元) + +答:契税是4608元。 + +【点睛】解答本题的关键是要明确“现价、原价和折扣”之间的关系,求出实际的房价;再根据百分数乘法的意义,求出应缴纳的契税。 + +30. 在比例尺是 1:5000000 的地图上,量得甲乙两城市之间的距离是 4.5cm,如果一辆汽车的速度是 90 千米/时,那么从甲城到乙城用几小时? + +【答案】2.5小时 + +【解析】 + +【分析】试题分析:依据“图上距离÷比例尺=实际距离”代入数据即可求出甲城到乙城的距离,列式为:$4.5\div\frac{1}{5000000}=22500000$(厘米)=225千米;然后根据“路程÷速度=时间”,求甲城到乙城用的时间:$225\div90=2.5$(小时)。 + +【详解】$4.5\div\frac{1}{5000000}=22500000$(厘米)=225(千米); + +225÷90=2.5(小时)。 + +答:从甲城到乙城用2.5小时。 + +【点睛】本题关键根据图上距离和比例尺已知,找准对应量,再依据“图上距离÷比例尺=实际距离”求出甲城到乙城的距离。 + +31. 阳光小学计划购买40个足球,甲、乙两商店足球原价都是120元,现两商店有如下优惠: + +甲商店:一次购买20个(含20个)以上打七八折。 + +乙商店:买十送三即每买10个送3个,不满10个的仍按原价计算。 + +如果让你去采购,你想去哪个商店购买?请你用计算说明理由。 + +【答案】乙商店,理由见详解 + +【解析】 + +【分析】根据题意,在甲商店购买:一次购买20个以上(含20个)打七八折。40>20,故按总价的七八折计算: + +在乙商店购买:因为是买十送三即每买10个送3个,不满10个的仍按原价计算,所以当付出10个的价钱时,实际上得到了$10+3=13$(个)足球;以此类推,付出30个的价钱时,就得到了$30+3\times3=39$ + +(个)足球,此时再买一个,就凑够40个了,即一共花了$30+1=31$(个)足球的钱,$31\times120=3720$(元),再与甲商店的花费相比较即可。 + +【详解】在甲商店购买: + +$40\times120\times78\%$ + diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00035.md b/markdowns/education_math_00035.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..1eabe498555c8e26d4d64fb85762cb9e98188fcc --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00035.md @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +$=30$ + +$\begin{aligned}&(3)\left(\frac{7}{12}+\frac{3}{8}-\frac{23}{24}\right)\times24\\&=\frac{7}{12}\times24+\frac{3}{8}\times24-\frac{23}{24}\times24\\&=14+9-23\\&=23-23\\&=0\end{aligned}$ + +(4) $\frac{1}{5} \div \frac{6}{25} - \frac{2}{7} \times \frac{7}{32}$\ +$ = \frac{5}{6} - \frac{1}{16} $\ +$ = \frac{37}{48} $ + +$\begin{aligned}&(5)\ 4.6\times\frac{5}{12}+7.4\div\frac{12}{5}\\&=4.6\times\frac{5}{12}+7.4\times\frac{5}{12}\\&=\frac{5}{12}\times(4.6+7.4)\\&=\frac{5}{12}\times12\\&=5\end{aligned}$ + +$\begin{aligned}&(6)\left(\frac{4}{5}+\frac{1}{4}\right)\div\frac{7}{3}+\frac{3}{10}\\&=\frac{21}{20}\div\frac{7}{3}+\frac{3}{10}\\&=\frac{9}{20}+\frac{6}{20}\\&=\frac{3}{4}\end{aligned}$ + +## 四、解答题。 + +23. 按要求在下面的方格中画一画,并完成填空。 + diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00036.md b/markdowns/education_math_00036.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..6bb078ea448d20892a265a552bde75bc8763a3fd --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00036.md @@ -0,0 +1,30 @@ + + + +A. $\pi n^3$ +B. $\pi n^2$ +C. $2\pi n^2$ + +11.(2分)聪聪把$50\times(\Box+3)$算成了$50\times\Box+3$,这样得到的结果与正确结果相比() + +A. 少算了 47 +B. 少算了 $49 \times 3$ +C. 少算了 $50 \times 3$ + +12.(2 分)王大爷家的院子里原有一个用栅栏围成的长 5 米、宽 3 米的长方形羊圈,因发展需要,现在要用原来的栅栏围成一面靠墙且占地面积最大的羊圈,应选用()方案 + +A. +B. +C. + +13.(2分)“龟兔赛跑”讲述了这样的故事:领先的兔子骄傲起来,睡了一觉。当它醒来时,发现乌龟快到终点了,于是急忙追赶,但是为时已晚,乌龟还是先到了终点……下列的折线图中与故事情节相吻合的是() + +A. +B. +C. + +14.(2 分)某市出租车的计费标准如图(不足 1km 按 1km 计算) + + + +一天,张叔叔乘坐出租车去上班,支付了25元,行驶的里程数可能是()km \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00037.md b/markdowns/education_math_00037.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..b4fadf90776ae6a9dff7858c58b6eaf9b2059950 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00037.md @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ + + +22. 按要求画一画。每个小正方形面积${^1}$是 $1cm^2$。 + + + +(1)图中平行四边形的面积是(  )cm²。 + +(2)画出平行四边形关于直线对称的图形,并找出 $O$ 的对称点 $O'$,用数对表示是()。 + +(3)画出平行四边形1:2缩小后的图形。 + +(4)画出平行四边形先向下平移2个单位,再向右平移6个单位后¹图形。 + +## 五、解决问题。(29分) + +23. 酸梅汤是老北京人传统的消暑饮料,经常饮用能祛病除疾,保健强身,是炎热夏季不可多得的保健饮品。夏天喝酸梅汤的习惯历史悠久,也是我国最古老的传统饮品之一。雨晴用 180 毫升的酸梅原汁加水调制了 500 毫升酸梅汤。妈妈说:“当酸梅原汁和水的比是 3:7 时,口感最佳。”为了使调制的酸梅汤口感最佳,雨晴应该再往酸梅汤中加水多少毫升?(专家特别提醒,儿童最好少吃酸梅汤类的食品,因为儿童胃黏膜结构比较薄弱,抵抗不了酸性物质的持续侵蚀。如果长时间服用,容易引发胃和十二指肠溃疡。) +24. 601 班的教室地面暑假期间打算重新铺方瓷砖,需用面积是 16 平方分米的方砖 300 块。如果改用面积是 12 平方分米的方砖来铺地,需要多少块?(用比例解) + diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00038.md b/markdowns/education_math_00038.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..6ebba254a67ee5441ae8828276d950968c402a46 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00038.md @@ -0,0 +1,46 @@ +【详解】6.1 和 6.2 两班要进行 5 局乒乓球比赛,前 4 局的比赛结果如统计表所示,预测第 5 局的比赛结果(上面统计表),上面说法中正确的是 6.2 班有可能胜。 + +故答案为:D + +【点睛】此题主要考查了随机事件发生的可能性的大小,以及随机事件发生的独立性,要熟练掌握,解答此题的关键是要明确:哪个班获胜的可能性大,并不代表这个班一定能获胜。 + +## 二、填空(20分) + +6. 一个数由 9 个亿、6 个千万、2 个十万、8 个千组成,这个数写作 ___,改写成用万作单位的数是 ___,省略亿位后面的尾数约是 ___。 + +【答案】①.960208000 ②.96020.8万 ③.10亿 + +【解析】 + +【分析】根据整数的写法,从高位到低位,一级一级地写,哪一个数位上一个单位也没有,就在那个数位上写0,即可写出此数;改写成用“万”作单位的数,就是在万位数的右下角点上小数点,然后把小数末尾的0去掉,再在数的后面写上“万”字;省略“亿”后面的尾数就是四舍五入到亿位,就是把亿位后的千万位上的数进行四舍五入,再在数的后面写上“亿”字。 + +【详解】一个数由9个亿、6个千万、2个十万、8个千组成,这个数写作:960208000: + +960208000=96020.8万 + +960208000≈10亿。 + +【点睛】本题主要考查整数的写法、改写和求近似数,注意改写和求近似数时要带计数单位。 + +7. 已知 $M=2\times3\times7$,$N=2\times5\times7$,则 M 和 N 的最小公倍数是_______。 + +【答案】210 + +【解析】 + +【分析】两个数的最大公因数也就是这两个数的公有质因数的连乘积,最小公倍数是这两个数的公有质因数与独有质因数的连乘积,据此解答。 + +【详解】已知 $M=2\times3\times7$,$N=2\times5\times7$, + +M、N 两数的最小公倍数是 $2 \times 3 \times 5 \times 7 = 210$。 + +【点睛】根据求最小公倍数的方法进行解答。 + +8. ___: $5=0.6=\frac{(\quad)}{20}=$ ___%=___折。 + +【答案】3: 12: 60: 六 + +【解析】 + +【分析】把 0.6 化成分数并化简是 $\frac{3}{5}$,根据比与分数的关系,$\frac{3}{5}=3:5$;根据分数的基本性质,$\frac{3}{5}$ 的分 + diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00039.md b/markdowns/education_math_00039.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..9b969bd1652e8d11b9a7fc26f45dd9dae32d19d5 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00039.md @@ -0,0 +1,47 @@ +答:跑到10km时的人数比参加跑步的总人数少40%。 + +(4)跑的米数越多,人数越少。建议大家平时多跑步,多锻炼,增强体质。(答案不唯一) +故答案为:20;8;10;40。 + +## 八、巧运用,轻松解决了!(23分) + +27. 【分析】把六年级人数看作单位“1”,已知六年级人数的12%是参加合唱团的人数,用参加合唱团的人数÷对应的百分率,即可求出六年级的人数。再把全校人数看作单位“1”,已知六年级人数占全校人数的$\frac{1}{6}$,用六年级的人数÷占全校人数的分率,即可求出全校学生人数。 + +【解答】解:$48\div12\%\div\frac{1}{6}$\ +$=400\times6$\ +$=2400$(人) + +答:全校有学生2400人。 + +28. 【分析】先把采摘的三种蔬菜的总质量看作单位 “1”,根据分数乘法的意义,用总质量乘$\frac{1}{3}$就是采摘的黄瓜质量。再把采摘的黄瓜质量看作单位 “1”,则西红柿的质量是黄瓜质量的$\frac{4}{5}$,用黄瓜的质量乘$\frac{4}{5}$就是采摘的西红柿的质量。用采摘的总质量减黄瓜、西红柿的质量就是茄子的质量。 + +【解答】解:$180 \times \frac{1}{3} = 60$(kg) +$60 \times \frac{4}{5} = 48$(kg) + +$180 - 60 - 48 = 72 \, (kg)$ + +答:采摘的茄子的质量是72千克。 + +29. 【分析】根据题意可知路程不变,速度和时间成反比例,设返回时用了x小时,根据路程不变列出比例并解比例即可。 + +【解答】解:设返回时用了$x$小时。 + +$55\times(1+20\%)x=55\times3$ + +$(1+20\%)x=3$ + +$1.2x=3$ + +$x=2.5$ + +答:返回时用了2.5小时。 + +30.【分析】(1)这个漏斗能装多少千克稻谷,可先计算出这个漏斗的容积,漏斗的容积等于底面直径4分米高2分米的圆柱的容积和高3分米的圆锥的容积之和,然后再用漏斗的容积乘0.65即可,据此利用圆柱与圆锥的体积公式计算即可解答: + +(2)用一漏斗稻谷的重量乘出米率进行计算即可得到答案。 + +【解答】解:(1)$4\div2=2$(分米) + +$3.14 \times 2^2 \times 2 + 3.14 \times 2^2 \times 3 \times \frac{1}{3} \\ += 25.12 + 12.56$ + diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00040.md b/markdowns/education_math_00040.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..a65a82df9aa527912ad2213006a860aed6595131 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00040.md @@ -0,0 +1,67 @@ +## 四、计算题。(共29分) + +22. 直接写得数。(5分) + +$1.25+\frac{3}{4}=$ + +$\frac{5}{2}-0.75=$ + +$6.5-\frac{1}{2}=$ + +$2.8\times\frac{1}{4}=$ + +$\frac{3}{4} \times \frac{1}{6} =$ + +$\frac{1}{13}\times13=$ + +$6.28 \div 3.14 =$ + +$\frac{5}{6}\div\frac{5}{12}=$ + +$1-25\%=$ + +$\frac{5}{7} \times \frac{4}{5} \times 0 =$ + +23. 解方程或比例。(6分) + +$(1-\frac{5}{9})x=\frac{8}{15}$ + +$1.6:x=2.5:5$ + +$\frac{3}{7}:x=2.4:0.2$ + +24. 怎样简便怎样计算。(18分) + +$38.39 - \left( \frac{31}{5} + 8.39 \right)$ + +$11.2 - \left( \frac{9}{5} + 9.6 \div 4 \right)$ + +$37\times\frac{3}{5}+63\div\frac{5}{3}$ + +$3.14\%\times101-3.14\%$ + +$(\frac{1}{6}+\frac{3}{4}-\frac{5}{8})\times48$ + +$\frac{9}{20} \div \left[ \frac{3}{2} \times \left( \frac{1}{3} - \frac{1}{4} \right) \right]$ + +## 五、操作题。(共10分) + +25. 画一个直径为 $2 \, cm$ 的圆,并计算出它的面积。(2分) + +26. 在李明家西偏南 $30^{\circ}$ 方向 $45 \, m$ 处有一颗小树。请在图上画出小树的位置,用字母 O 表示。(2分) + + + +27. 按要求在方格纸上画图。(每个小正方形表示 $1 \, \text{cm}^2$) + +(1)画一个面积与长方形面积相等的等腰三角形。(2分) + +(2)把平行四边形绕点A逆时针旋转90°,画出旋转后的图形。(2分) + +(3) 把三角形按 1:2 的比缩小,画出缩小后的图形。(2分) + + + +## 六、解决问题。(共35分) + +28. 明明把12000元存入银行,存期五年,年利率为2.75%。到期时一共能取回多少元?(4分) diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00041.md b/markdowns/education_math_00041.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..68c852cac73bc60b98f0f1e1c7229f74692dc0c1 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00041.md @@ -0,0 +1,27 @@ +29. 2021年5月21日晚,云南大理州漾濞县连续发生20多次地震,其中多次震级超4.0级,最大一次震级为6.4级。灾情发生后,需要运送一批紧急救灾物资,一辆汽车原计划每小时行75 km,6小时能到达。现在情况有所变化,需要5小时到达,每小时要行多少千米?(用比例解)(5分) + +30. 在比例尺为 1:30000000 的地图上,量得京沪高铁的长度大约是 4.4 cm。一列高铁以每小时 350 km 的速度从北京开往上海,大约几小时能到达?(得数保留一位小数)(5 分) + +31.马上就要毕业了,为感念师恩,六(2)班的乐乐自己动手做了一个圆柱形笔筒送给了数学刘老师,笔筒的底面直径是8 cm,高是15 cm。要在笔筒的底面和四周贴上彩纸,他至少需要准备多少平方厘米的彩纸?(彩纸损耗忽略不计)(5分) + +32. 如图是人民小学参加“快乐三点半”各课程的人数统计图。 + + + +(1)从图中可看出,上足球课的同学占所有同学的()%。(1分) + +(2)人民小学共有学生900人,上书法课的有( )人,上其他课程的有( )人。(2分) + +(3)根据统计图提供的信息,能否确认上哪种课程的人数最多?上哪种课程的人数最少?为什么?(2分) + +33. 4月23日是世界读书日。聪聪读一本名著,第一天读了这本书的$\frac{1}{12}$,第二天读了这本书的$\frac{1}{15}$,第二天比第一天少读了8页,这本名著一共有多少页?(5分) + +34. 第三届校园足球联赛即将在常青小学开赛。何老师要买60个比赛用球。有三家体育用品店的足球符合比赛用球的要求,单价都是85元,但是优惠的方式不一样,何老师在哪家店购买最合算?(6分) + +甲店 每买5个送1个 + +乙店 全场八折 + +丙店 购物每满120减20元 + + diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00042.md b/markdowns/education_math_00042.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..9e6fad70f597c82f190ad8e64c0de46492d9f2d6 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00042.md @@ -0,0 +1,34 @@ + +() + +A. 和是2的倍数甲胜,否则乙胜 +B. 积是2的倍数甲胜,否则乙胜 +C. 和是5的倍数甲胜;否则乙胜 +D. 积是3的倍数甲胜,否则乙胜 + +12.(3 分)猴妈妈上山采桃,晴天每天能采 36 个,雨天每天只能采 24 个,它一连采了 9 天,共采了 288 个桃子,这些天中有()天是晴天 + +A. 3 B. 6 C. 4 D. 5 + +13.(3 分)李海和林川两人进行百米赛跑,李海让林川先跑。图像 a、b 分别表示两人的路程和时间的关系。下列结论正确的是() + + + +A. 图像 a 表示李海 +B. 林川的速度是 6 米/秒 +C. 李海的速度是 5 米/秒 +D. 两人将会同时到达终点 + +14.(3分)如图是一个正方体展开图,与a相对的是面是() + + + +A. c B. b C. d D. f + +15.(3 分)用同样长的小棒摆正方形(每条边用一根小棒),照这样摆,摆 n 个正方形需要()根小棒。 + + + +A. 4n B. 3n C. $4n+$ D. $3n+1$ + +## 二、填空题。(第6题3分,其余每空1分,共16分) diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00043.md b/markdowns/education_math_00043.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..7cc180cfb461108d48eda131e4f7e91873491d16 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00043.md @@ -0,0 +1,45 @@ +## 2022 年贵州省铜仁市小升初数学试卷 + +## 一、正确选择。(每小题1分,共8分) + +1. 在一次考试中,小明的分数比全班平均分高出 5 分,记作 $(+5)$ 分,小红的分数记作 $(-3)$ 分,小明比小红多()。 + +A. -8 分 B. 8 分 C. 5 分 D. -3 分 + +2. 如图 4 个杯子叠起来高 20 厘米,6 个杯子叠起来高 26 厘米。n 个杯子叠起来可以用关系式()表示。 + + + +A. 6n−10 B. 6n−4 C. $3n+11$ D. $3n+8$ + +3. 在一卷公元前 1600 年左右遗留下来的埃及草卷中,记载着一些数学问题,其中一个问题翻译过来是:“啊哈,它的全部,它的 $\frac{1}{7}$,其和等于 19”。如果把“它”看作 x,下列符合题意的方程是()。 + +A. $\frac{1}{7}x=19$ B. $1+\frac{1}{7}x=19$ C. $x+\frac{1}{7}x=19$ D. $x-\frac{1}{7}x=19$ + +4. 下图不能用 “$\frac{3}{5}$ 的 $\frac{1}{3}$” 来表示的是()。 + +① + + + +② + + + +③ + + +④ + + +A. ①② B. ②④ C. ④ D. ②③ + +5. 用棱长 1 厘米的正方体木块,摆成底面积是 12 平方厘米,高 2 厘米的长方体,可以摆成()种不同的形状. + +A. 1 +B. 2 +C. 3 +D. 4 + +6. 把一个高 6 分米,底面半径 2 分米的圆柱切成若干等份,拼成一个近似的长方体(如图)。这时表面积 + diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00044.md b/markdowns/education_math_00044.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..8eb53144ce52a2f888125606b342191ec9d594dd --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00044.md @@ -0,0 +1,35 @@ + +A. $4\pi$ B. $8\pi$ C. $\frac{1}{4}\pi$ D. $\frac{1}{8}\pi$ + +30. 警察抓住了 4 个偷东西的嫌疑人,其中的一个人是主谋。审问谁是主谋时,甲说:我不是主谋。乙说:丁是主谋。丙说:我不是主谋。丁说:甲是主谋。已知他们 4 人中只有一个人说了真话。主谋是谁() + +A. 甲 B. 乙 C. 丙 D. 丁 + +## 四、实践操作。 + +31.求阴影部分的周长和面积。 + + + +32. (1)画出图形①关于直线$n$的轴对称图形②。 + +(2) 画出图形①向右平移 10 格后的图形③。 + +(3)画出图形①以 $O$ 为中心按顺时针方向旋转 $90^\circ$ 后的图形④,点 $O$ 的位置用数对表示为 ______。 + +(4)画出图形①按2:1放大后的图形⑤。 + + + +33. 直接写出得数。 + +$4.5\times\frac{3}{5}$ + +$\frac{5}{6} \div 3 =$ + +$\frac{5}{44}\times33=$ + +$0.51{\div}1.7=$ + +$\frac{2}{7} + \frac{5}{7} \times \frac{1}{5}$ + diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00045.md b/markdowns/education_math_00045.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..24f069b83e8b9260ca300ba275a507cb7aaac25c --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00045.md @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +$\begin{aligned}&(2)65.38 - (17.5 + 15.38)\\ +& = 65.38 - 15.38 - 17.5 \\ +& = 50 - 17.5 \\ +& = 32.5 \end{aligned}$ + +$\begin{aligned} &(3) 72 \div [28 \times (1 - \frac{20.20}{27.27}47)] \\ & = 72 \div [28 \times \frac{3}{7}] \\ & = 72 \div 12 \\ & = 6 \end{aligned}$ + +$\begin{aligned}&(4)\frac{11}{15}\div7-\frac{1}{7}\times\frac{4}{15}\\&=\frac{1}{7}\times\left(\frac{11}{15}-\frac{4}{15}\right)\\&=\frac{1}{7}\times\frac{7}{15}\\&=\frac{1}{15}\end{aligned}$ + +(5) $71 - \frac{4}{15} \div \frac{4}{9} - \frac{2}{5}$\ +$= 71 - \frac{3}{5} - \frac{2}{5}$\ +$= 71 - (\frac{3}{5} + \frac{2}{5})$\ +$= 17 - 1$\ +$= 16$ + +$\begin{aligned} &(6)\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}\right)\div(0.375\times3)\\ & =\frac{5}{6}\div\frac{9}{8}\\ &= \frac{20}{27} \end{aligned}$ + +【点评】本题考查了四则混合运算,注意运算顺序和运算法则,灵活运用所学的运算定 + diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00046.md b/markdowns/education_math_00046.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..8acc0a745c6da5b3f651f03f486a26389ec4b0c4 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00046.md @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +【点评】本题考查了数对表示位置、旋转以及长方形的画法等知识,结合题意分析解答即可。 + +26.(3 分)为了美化小组设计的水上运动会徽,同学们用正方形设计了一些水花,请计算阴影部分面积。 + + + +【分析】如下图:阴影部分可以拼成两个腰长为(8÷2)厘米的等腰直角三角形。据此解答。 + + + +【解答】解:$8\div2=4$(厘米) + +$4 \times 4 \div 2 \times 2$\ +$=16\div2\times2$\ +$=16(平方厘米)$ + +答:阴影部分的面积是16平方厘米。 + +【点评】解答本题需灵活利用平移的方法,将不规则图形转化成规则图形,熟练掌握三角形面积公式。 + +## 五、解决问题。(29分) + +27.(5 分)温州 S1 线成为亚运交通的有力保障,为市民出行带来便利。如果乘坐私家车从龙霞路到奥体中心要 40 分钟,乘坐 S1 轻轨比私家车所需时间将减少 $\frac{1}{4}$,那么乘坐 S1 轻 diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00047.md b/markdowns/education_math_00047.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..809e00f806d773b560438da75ee99ecb760a1a79 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00047.md @@ -0,0 +1,40 @@ +10. (1 分)把一个底面周长 18.84dm、高 5dm 的圆柱,沿底面直径切成两个半圆柱后,表面积共增加了()$dm^{2}$。 + +A. 60 +B. 30 +C. 94.2 + +## 二、判断。(共5分) + +11. (1分)0一定比负数大。 ______ + +12. (1分)把圆柱的底面分成许多相等的扇形,然后切开,拼成一个近似的长方体,它们的表面积和体积都不变。 ______ + +13. (1 分)如果 $\frac{2}{x}=y$,那么 x 和 y 成反比例关系。 ___ + +14. (1分)一个零件在比例尺为10:1的图纸上长2cm,那么它实际长是20cm。 ______ + +15. (1 分)把红、黄、蓝 3 种颜色的球各 8 个放在一个袋子中,至少取 4 个球可以保证取到两个颜色相同的球。_____ + +## 三、填空。(共21分) + +16.(2分)数据显示,2023年“五一”期间,全国总体出行游客达二亿七千四百万人,横线上的数写作____________人,省略“亿”后面的尾数约是______亿人。 + +17. (4分)$\frac{24}{( )}=0.6=$ ___ ;30=___ 成=___% + +18. (2分)$\frac{4}{5}$小时=________分钟 + +$600mL = \underline{\hspace{2cm}} L$ + +19. (2 分)在 -3,9,$\frac{3}{5}$,-1,3.5,-$\frac{7}{8}$,0.54 中,正整数有 ______ 个,负数有 ______ 个。 + +20. (2分)学校要建一个长200m、宽60m的长方形操场,在比例尺1:2000的设计图上,操场长 _______ $cm$,宽 _______ $cm$。 + +21. (2 分)圆规两脚间的距离是 $3cm$ 时,所画圆的周长是__________$cm$,面积是__________$cm^2$. + +22. (2 分)如果 $4a=3b$,那么 $a:b=$______ :______ ;在这个比例中如果 $a=6$,$b=$______。 + +23. (2 分)把体积是 $90cm^3$ 的蜡制圆柱削成一个最大的圆锥,这个圆锥的体积是 ______ $cm^3$;把削去的部分熔铸成一个高是 $10cm$ 的圆柱,这个圆柱的底面积是 ______ $cm^2$。 + +24. (2分)一个等腰三角形的底边长是8cm,底角是40°,把它按5:1放大后,底边长 + diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00048.md b/markdowns/education_math_00048.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..7e09ee52f58786a95ca40fed70acbed9c5f7349b --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00048.md @@ -0,0 +1,38 @@ +的倍数是指对应边放大或缩小的倍数。 + +25. 小英收集了六(1)班 20 名女生 50 米跑的测试成绩并制成了条形统计图,请你按要求完成下面各题。 + + + + + +(1) 补全上面的扇形统计图。 + +(2) 测试成绩是优秀的人数比不及格的人数多( )人。 + +(3)如果在这 20 名女生中随机抽取一名女生,她的成绩是()的可能性最大。 + +【答案】(1)见详解 + +(2) 2 + +(3) 良好 + +【解析】 + +【分析】(1)分别用优秀、良好、及格、不及格的人数除以总人数,得出各自占的百分率,再完成扇形统计图即可; + +(2)用测试成绩是优秀的人数减不及格的人数即可: + +(3)测试成绩是什么的最多,则在这20名女生中随机抽取一名女生,她的成绩是什么的可能性最大。 + +【详解】(1)$1\div20\times100\%=5\%$ + +$6\div20\times100\%=30\%$ + +$10\div20\times100\%=50\%$ + +$3\div20\times100\%=15\%$ + +补全扇形统计图如下: + diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00049.md b/markdowns/education_math_00049.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..18922c572ccc39677a9236b6682938dffd4abb44 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00049.md @@ -0,0 +1,24 @@ +答:此时长方体容器里的水面高度是15.7厘米。 + +【点睛】熟练掌握圆锥和长方体的体积公式,是解答此题的关键。 + +30. 夏日炎热,人们都喜欢吃西瓜来消暑解渴。每日鲜水果店运进一批西瓜,第一天卖出的西瓜与剩下的西瓜的比是 5:3,如果再卖出 135 千克,就还剩下这批西瓜的 15%。该水果店运进的这批西瓜有多少千克? + +【答案】600千克 + +【解析】 + +【分析】第一天卖出的西瓜与剩下的西瓜的比是5:3,也就是剩下的西瓜占总数的$3\div(3+5)=37.5\%$.如果再卖出 135 千克,就还剩下这批西瓜的 15%,说明这 135 千克占总数的 $37.5\% - 15\% = 22.5\%$, 据此用除法算出总千克数即可。 + +【详解】$3\div(3+5)\times100\%$\ +$=3\div8\times100\%$\ +$=37.5\%$ + +$37.5\%-15\%=22.5\%$ + +$135 \div 22.5\% = 600$(千克) + +答:水果店运进的这批西瓜有600千克。 + +【点睛】此题的关键是先求出135千克西瓜占总千克数的百分比,然后再进一步解答。 + diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00050.md b/markdowns/education_math_00050.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..25367a2dc4860e44b644a6cd20d7499b8df7384d --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00050.md @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ + +小明 + +因为三角形是由三条线段围成的图形,所以只要把这根木条任意分割为三段,就可以制作成一个三角形。 + +①你同意小明的想法吗?说明你的理由。 + +②请你设计一种分割方案,使分割成的三段可以制作成一个三角形。写出你的思考过程。 + +22.(7 分)图中梯形的高为 5cm,如果上底长度与下底长度的比是 2:5,涂色三角形的面积是 $80cm^{2}$,那么空白部分的面积是多少平方厘米?写出你的思考过程。 + + + diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00051.md b/markdowns/education_math_00051.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..ce6f048adea74686e4681d8ef9a0344dca4d25ad --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00051.md @@ -0,0 +1,36 @@ + + +(1)根据对称轴画出轴对称图形$^n$另一半. + +(2)按半径比为 2:1 画出圆 0 放大后的图形要求放大后的图形和原来的圆 0 组成一个轴对称图形,且有无数条对称轴。 + +30. 红星小学对六年级学生进行环保知识了解程度的调查,制作了如下的统计图表。 + +红星小学六年级学生环保知识了解程度统计表 + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
了解程度A .非常了解B 比较了解C .基本了解D .不了解
人数(人)20180120
+ + + + + +(1)把统计表的人数填写完整; + +(2) 把条形统计图补充完整; + +(3)在扇形统计图中标出 C 所占的百分比。 + +31. 商店举行某饮料 “每买一箱送一罐” 优惠促销活动。小红买了 4 箱,数了数共有 52 罐饮料。每箱饮料有多少罐? + diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00052.md b/markdowns/education_math_00052.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..7b06b1d4d2cb0e8a7987a6a285444111da92b103 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00052.md @@ -0,0 +1,42 @@ +(2) 60 毫米:0.3 分米\ +=60 毫米:30 毫米\ +=60 毫米 ÷ 30 毫米\ +=60 ÷ 30\ +=2 + +故答案为:5:4;2。 + +【点评】此题主要考查了化简比和求比值的方法,另外还要注意化简比的结果是一个比,它的前项和后项都是整数,并且是互质数;而求比值的结果是一个商,可以是整数、小数或分数。 + +26. 【分析】平面上每个点可以与其它的7个点连成线段,即(8×7)条线段,又因为有重复算的情况,应当除以2,据此解答即可。 + +【解答】解:$8 \times 7 \div 2$\ +$= 56 \div 2$\ +$= 28$(条) + +答:平面上的 8 个点可以连成 28 条线段。 + +故答案为:28。 + +【点评】本题是典型的握手问题,可以用公式:$n(n-1)\div2$ 解答。 + +27.【分析】精确到百分位,只要看千分位上是几,运用“四舍五入”求得近似值。 + +【解答】解:2.599精确到百分位约是2.60。 + +故答案为:2.60。 + +【点评】求一个小数的近似数,要看精确到哪一位,就从它的下一位运用“四舍五入”取得近似值。 + +28. 【分析】根据 $a=5b$($a$ 和 $b$ 均不为 0)可知,$a$ 是 $b$ 的 5 倍,则 $a$、$b$ 的最大公因数是较小的数 $b$。据此解答。 + +【解答】解:$a=5b$ 中($a$ 和 $b$ 均不为 0),$a$ 和 $b$ 的最大公因数是 $b$。 + +故答案为:$b$。 + +【点评】本题主要考查求两个数的最大公因数的分法,关键是根据 $a$ 和 $b$ 的关系做题。 + +## 三、细心看数,算一算。(8+12+6+4=30分) + +29.【分析】根据分数、小数四则混合运算的顺序,按照分数、小数四则运算的计算法则,直接进行口算即可。 + diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00053.md b/markdowns/education_math_00053.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..ddb726b993fda597d41252c1be7a8aadf42c964f --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00053.md @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +## 一、填空题(每一空 2 分,共 40 分) + +1、雷诺准数的表达式为__________。当密度 $\rho = 1000 \, \text{kg} \cdot \text{m}^{-3}$,粘度 $\mu = 1$ 厘泊的水,在内径为 $d = 100 \, \text{mm}$,以流速为 $1 \, \text{m} \cdot \text{s}^{-1}$ 在管中流动时,其雷诺准数等于__________,其流动类型为__________。 + +2、流体体积流量用________来计算;质量流量用________来计算;而流体流速用________来计算。 + +3、当量直径的定义是 $d_e=$ __________ ;在套管环间流动的流体,外管的内径是 $d_2$,内管的外径是 $d_2$,则当量直径 $d_e=$__________。 + +4、单元操作包括____过程、____过程、____过程、____过程、____过程。 + +5、泵起动时,先关闭泵的出口开关的原因是__________和__________。 + +6、无相变传热过程可利用量纲分析法、比拟法和__________法求对流传热系数。 + +7、某逆流操作的间壁式换热器中,热流体的进、出口温度为80℃和50℃,冷流体的进、出口温度为20℃和45℃,此时的传热平均温度差$\Delta t_{m}=$ ___。 + +8、在精馏塔的分离操作过程中,气液两相在塔板上满足__________,在两层塔板的之间满足__________。 + +9、强化传热的方法之一是提高K值,而要提高K值则应提高对流传热系数___一侧的给热系数。 + +## 二、选择题(每小题 4 分,共 20 分) + +1、在一流体输送系统中,改变离心泵出口阀门开度,不会影响()。 diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00054.md b/markdowns/education_math_00054.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..b1740b33662db94ad7533da2a760847cf5d59006 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00054.md @@ -0,0 +1,42 @@ +15.(1 分)如图,一个啤酒瓶的高度为 $30 \, cm$,瓶中装有高度为 $12 \, cm$ 的水,现将瓶盖盖好后倒置,这时瓶中水面高度为 $20 \, cm$,瓶中水的体积和瓶子的容积之比为 ___。(瓶底的厚度不计) + + + + + +16.(1分)将一长方形纸片,按如图的方式折叠,BC,BD为折痕,若$\angle ABC=30^\circ$,则$\angle EBD$的度数是________。 + + + +17.(1分)定义新运算为$a\triangle b=(a+1)+b$,求$6\triangle(3\triangle4)=$ ___。 + +18.(1 分)某校 100 名学生在一次语、数、外三科竞赛中,参加语文竞赛的有 39 人,参加数学竞赛的有 49 人,参加外语竞赛的有 41 人,既参加语文竞赛又参加数学竞赛的有 14 人,既参加数学竞赛又参加外语竞赛的有 13 人,既参加语文竞赛又参加外语竞赛的有 9 人,1 人三项都没有参加,则这三项都参加的有 ___ 人。 + +19.(1 分)如图是一组有规律的图案,它们是由边长相同的正方形和正三角形镶嵌而成,第①个图案中有4个三角形,第②个图案中有7个三角形,第③个图案中有10个三角形…依此规律,第⑯个图案中有___个三角形. + + + +① + + + +② + + + +③ + + + +④ + +20.(1 分)在装满 100 克浓度为 80% 的盐水中倒出 40 克盐水后,再用清水将杯加满,搅拌后再倒出 40 克盐水,然后再用清水加满,如此反复三次后,杯中盐水的浓度是 ___? + +## 二、计算题(每题3分,共30分) + +21.(30分)计算题。 + +(1) $4.6 \times \frac{9}{10} + 5.4 \div 1 \frac{1}{9}$ + +(2)$36\div\left[\left(\frac{5}{6}-\frac{1}{3}\right)\times3\right]$ + diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00055.md b/markdowns/education_math_00055.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..4da00545f6570013d96781d5e3541b9a170f1fa5 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00055.md @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +$\begin{array}{r l}&{(4)\frac{6}{5}+[(\frac{3}{4}-\frac{2}{3})+\frac{5}{6}]\frac{6}{5}\div[(\frac{3}{4}-\frac{2}{3})\div\frac{5}{6}]}\\ &{=\frac{6}{5}\div\frac{1}{12}\div\frac{5}{6}}\\ &{=\frac{6}{5}\div\frac{5}{6}\div\frac{1}{12}}\\ &{=1\div\frac{1}{12}}\\ &{=12}\end{array}$ + +$(5)\ 8\times\frac{5}{4}+1.25\times420\%-5\div4\\=10+5.25-1.25\\=14$ + +(6) $9.75+99.75+999.75+9999.75$\ +$=(9+0.75)+(99+0.75)+(999+0.75)+(9999+0.75)$\ +$=(10-1)+(100-1)+(1000-1)+(10000-1)+0.75\times4$\ +$=11110-4+3$\ +$=11109$ + +(7)$29\times12+29\times13+29\times25+29\times10$\ +$=29\times(12+13+25+10)$\ +$=29\times60$\ +$=1740$ + +$\begin{aligned}&(8)\ 1997\div1997\frac{1997}{1998}+1\div1999\\ &=[1\div(1997\frac{1997}{1998}\div1997)]+\frac{1}{1999}\\ &=[1\div(\frac{(1998+1\times1997)}{1998})\times\frac{1}{1997})]+\frac{1}{1999}\\ &=\frac{1998}{1999}+\frac{1}{1999}\\ &=1\end{aligned}$ + +(9) $\frac{1}{2}+\frac{2}{2\times3}+\frac{3}{2\times3\times4}+\frac{4}{2\times3\times4\times5}+\cdots+\frac{9}{2\times3\times4\times\cdots\times10}$\ +$=\frac{2-1}{2}+\frac{3-1}{2\times3}+\frac{4-1}{2\times3\times4}+\frac{5-1}{2\times3\times4\times4}+\cdots+\frac{10-1}{2\times3\times4\times\cdots\times10}$\ +$=1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2\times3}+\frac{1}{2\times3}-\frac{1}{2\times3\times4}+\cdots+\frac{1}{2\times3\times\cdots\times9}-$ + diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00056.md b/markdowns/education_math_00056.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..c6f2510c82a1bf89b4c3d5e6a40636fec80cd148 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00056.md @@ -0,0 +1,48 @@ +【答案】8 + +【解析】 + +【分析】在一个比例中,两个内项互为倒数,说明乘积是 1,那么两个外项的乘积也是 1,用外项积 1 去除以 $1 \frac{1}{7}$ 即可求解。 + +【详解】$1\div1\frac{1}{7}=\frac{7}{8}$ + +所以,另一个外项是$\frac{7}{8}$。 + +【点睛】此题主要考查比例的基本性质的灵活运用,比例的两内项之积等于两外项之积。 + +7. 土地上有 at 水泥,如果每天用去 2.5t,用了 b 天,剩下的吨数为( )。 + +【答案】$(a-25b)t$ + +【解析】 + +【分析】根据题意,先用每天用去的水泥吨数乘天数,求出用去水泥的吨数;再用水泥的总吨数减去用去的吨数,就是剩下的吨数。 + +【详解】剩下的吨数为: + +$a-2.5\times b=(a-2.5b)t$ + +【点睛】本题考查用字母表示式子及化简,找到数量关系,按数量关系写出含字母的式子是解题的关键。 + +8. 一个书包按“九折”出售,就是按原价_______%出售,这个书包比原价便宜了_______%。 + +【答案】①.90 ②.10 + +【解析】 + +【分析】把原价看作单位“1”,按“九折”出售,就是按原价90%出售,比原价便宜(1-90%),据此解答。 + +【详解】$1-90\%=10\%$ + +一个书包按“九折”出售,就是按原价90%出售,这个书包比原价便宜了10%。 + +【点睛】此题考查的目的是理解掌握“折”数与百分数之间的联系及应用,“几”折就是现价是原价的百分之几十。 + +9. 如果 $a \div b = c (a、b、c 均为整数,且 b \neq 0)$,那么 a 和 b 的最大公因数是(__),最小公倍数是(__)。 + +【答案】 ①. b ②. a + +【解析】 + +【分析】两数成倍数关系,最大公因数${^1}$较小数,最小公倍数是较大数,据此分析。 + diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00057.md b/markdowns/education_math_00057.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..9222c919efaada995124306b2f54c24a6281c75d --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00057.md @@ -0,0 +1,35 @@ + +A. 2% +B. 8% +C. 20% +D. 80% + +17. 用 9 个相同的铁圆锥可以熔铸成()个与其等底等高的圆柱。 + +A. 3 +B. 6 +C. 12 +D. 27 + +18. 如图,画斜线部分表示的算式()。 + + + +A. $\frac{2}{3} + \frac{2}{5}$ B. $\frac{2}{3} \times \frac{2}{5}$ C. $\frac{1}{3} \times \frac{2}{5}$ D. $4 \times \frac{2}{5}$ + +19. 下图是两个厂男、女职工人数的统计图,甲厂和乙厂的女职工人数相比,()。 + + + +A. 甲厂的多 B. 乙厂的多 C. 一样多 D. 无法比较 + +20. 某游泳池的进水管的进水量与时间的比例如图。按图中的速度,给这个游泳池注水 $400 ~m^{3}$ 需要()分。 + + + +A. 10 B. 20 C. 40 D. 200 + +## 四、计算题。(共28分) + +21. 直接写出得数。 + diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00058.md b/markdowns/education_math_00058.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..ee119188d27ee13628638b1207f8a738f9561366 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00058.md @@ -0,0 +1,72 @@ +的数是______亿,四舍五入到亿位是______亿。 + +12. 如果 $3a=5b$($a$、$b\neq0$),那么写出比例 $a:b=$______。 + +13. 找规律,填数。 + +1, 3, 2, 6, 4, 9, 8, ____, ____, 15, ____, 18, … + +14. 一种装装食品标准净重 200g,质监工作人员为了解该种食品每袋的净重与标准的误差,把食品净重 205g 记为 +5g,那么食品净重 197g 就记为(___)g。 + +15. 一种商品打七折销售,“七折”表示现价是原价的______%。如果这种商品原价是100元,付款时再少付______元。 + +16. 一个圆锥的体积是 $141.3cm^3$,与它等底等高的圆柱的体积是(  )$cm^3$。 + +17. 要配制一种含盐率为 20% 的盐水。现有 80g 盐,需要加入 ___ g 水才能配制成。 + +18. 已知 $x+\frac{11}{12}=y+\frac{9}{10}=z+\frac{7}{8}$, 那么 x、y、z 的关系是______> ______ >______. + +19. 大小两个圆的半径之比是5:3,它们的直径之比是_______,周长之比是_______,面积之比是_______。 + +20. 三个连续的自然数,中间的数是 a,则 a 的前边和后边的数分别是(_______ )和(_______)。 + +## 三、计算。 + +21. 直接写得数。 + +$135+398=$ + +$5-0.5=$ + +$0.24\times50=$ + +$2-2\div7=$ + +$\frac{2}{3}\div2=$ + +$1.25\times9\times8=$ + +$\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{5}=$ + +$\left(\frac{5}{9}+\frac{5}{8}\right)\times72=$ + +$728-299=$ + +$0.2^3=$ + +$3.6\times25\%=$ + +$6\div\frac{6}{7}=$ + +$8-13-1.7=$ + +22. 解方程。 + +$\frac{x}{4}=30\%$ + +$\frac{2}{3}x + \frac{1}{2}x = 42$ + +23. 脱式计算(能简算的要简算)。 + +$3.6-2.8+7.4-7.2$ + +$1.25\times32\times0.25$ + +$6.75\times\frac{3}{5}+4.25\times0.6-60\%$ + +$\frac{3}{4}\times\frac{5}{11}+\frac{6}{11}\div\frac{4}{3}$ + +## 四、填一填,画一画。(8分) + +24. 在动物园示意图上标出各个场馆的位置,填空并解答。 + diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00059.md b/markdowns/education_math_00059.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..4316ca810754b1608ef9b9f19d348092f582e6b7 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00059.md @@ -0,0 +1,32 @@ + + +(1)动物园大门位于点(5,0),向北走100米到达熊猫馆。 + +(2)海洋馆位于点______,在大门的______偏______约______米处。 + +(3)大象馆位于点(10,3),在大门的______偏______约______米处。 + +(4)狮虎馆到熊猫馆和大象馆的距离相等,且狮虎馆位于熊猫馆和大象馆的上方,则狮虎馆位于点______。 + +(5)鹿苑位于点(1,8),向南走200米到达猩猩馆;科普馆与这两处距离相等,且位于鹿苑和猩猩馆的右侧,则科普馆位于点___。 + +(6)请你设计一条不走重复路的参观路线,在图上画出来。 + +## 五、实践操作题。(4分) + +25. 实践操作题。 + +(1) 画一个直径为 4 厘米的圆,用字母标出圆心和半径。 + +(2) 在圆内画一个最大的正方形。(保留作图痕迹) + +(3)求出这个正方形的面积。 + +## 六、解决问题。(28分) + +26. 小明一家三口开车从北京去距离小明家 560km 的外公家。汽车每行驶 100km 耗油 8L,按照这样计算,出发时加满 60L 汽油,能到达外公家吗? + +27. 商店卖一种书包,如果每个售价为 150,那么售价的 60% 是进价,售价的 40% 就是赚的钱,现在要搞促销活动,为保证一个书包赚的钱不少于 30 元,应该确定怎样折扣?(用比例解决) + +28. 如图这只工具箱的下半部是棱长为 20 厘米的正方体,上半部是圆柱体的一半。算出它的表面积和体积。 + diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00060.md b/markdowns/education_math_00060.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..62deb945f087f48b41de3664dc2a783f3c33590e --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00060.md @@ -0,0 +1,54 @@ +$0.25 \div \frac{1}{4}$= + +$1-0.09=$ + +$\frac{4}{5} + 20\% =$ + +20. 解方程。 + +$\frac{8}{21}=\frac{0.4}{y}$ + +$0.6x : 2 = 1.8 : 4$ + +$x-85\%x={\frac{9}{10}}$ + +21. 计算下面各题,怎样简便就怎样算。 + +$13.6+13.6+6.4-3.6$ + +$0.6\times8+\frac{3}{5}\times2$ + +$\frac{4}{9}\div\left[\frac{8}{9}\times\left(\frac{3}{4}-50\%\right)\right]$ + +22. 计算下图的体积。 + + + +## 五、图表世界。(共22分) + +23. 按要求在方格纸上画一画。 + +(1)将图①先向右平移8格,再向下平移3格 + +(2) 以虚线 MN 为对称轴,画出图②的轴对称图的形另一半。 + +(3) 将图③绕点 O 逆时针旋转 $90^{\circ}$ + +(4)将图③缩小,使得缩小后的图形与原图形对应线段长的比是$1:2$。 + + + +24. 一个工程队修路的时间与修路的米数情况如下表。 + + + + + + + + + + + +
时间(天)01234567
+ diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00061.md b/markdowns/education_math_00061.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..586e7dc23e18dd51fed620f05eff36c6b199e865 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00061.md @@ -0,0 +1,50 @@ +中国共产党的生日是7月1日: + +中国建军节是8月1日, + +中国教师节是9月10日, + +所以,不在第三季度的是国儿童节。 + +故选:$A$. + +【点评】明确各节日的日期以及第三季度包含哪几个月是解题关键。 + +17. 【分析】判断两个相关联的量之间成什么比例,就看这两个量是对应的比值一定,还是对应的乘积一定,如果是比值一定,就成正比例,如果是乘积一定,就成反比例。 + +【解答】解:$A.x+y=15$,和是定值,因此x和y不成比例: + +B. 由 $y=15x$,得$\frac{y}{x}=15$(一定),所以 $x$ 和 $y$ 成正比例; + +C. 由 $x: 3 = y: 5$,得 $x: y = \frac{3}{5}$(一定),所以 x 和 y 成正比例; + +D. 由 x: 3=5: y,得 $xy=3\times5=15$(一定),所以 x 和 y 成反比例。 + +故选:$D$. + +【点评】此题属于辨识成正、反比例的量,就看这两个量是对应的比值一定,还是对应的乘积一定,再做判断。 + +18.【分析】四个角都为直角的平行四边形是长方形,四条边都相等的长方形是正方形;也就是说正方形是特殊的长方形,正方形和长方形都是特殊的平行四边形;由此判断即可。 + +【解答】解:正方形:具有四条边都相等且四个角都是直角的四边形为正方形: + +长方形:四个角都是直角的四边形是长方形,长方形的对边平行且相等; + +平行四边形:两组对边分别平行的四边形叫做平行四边形。 + +由此可知:正方形是特殊的长方形;长方形、正方形是特殊的平行四边形; + +$ABC$ 正确; + +平行四边形是特殊的四边形,而不是四边形是特殊的平行四边形,选项 D 错误。 + +故选:$D$. + +【点评】此题根据正方形、长方形、平行四边形、四边形的特征进行解答。 + +19. 【分析】木箱的体积包括木箱本身的体积再加上它的容积,因为木箱的容器壁有厚度,由此得解。 + +【解答】解:由分析可知:一个长方体木箱的体积一定大于它的容积; + +故选:$A$. + diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00062.md b/markdowns/education_math_00062.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..b7ab109b4e0560bf612ad011fe31bfde3b047ba0 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00062.md @@ -0,0 +1,49 @@ +当 $\Delta x \to 0$ 时,$u$,$v$ 的值并不改变(因为 $u$,$v$ 依赖于 $x$ 而不依赖于 $\Delta x$);又由于函数 $v$ 可导,因而连续,所以 $\lim\limits_{\Delta x \to 0} \Delta v = 0$。于是 + +$$\begin{aligned}y' & = \lim_{\Delta x \to 0} \frac{\Delta y}{\Delta x} \\ +& = v \lim_{\Delta x \to 0} \frac{\Delta u}{\Delta x} + u \lim_{\Delta x \to 0} \frac{\Delta v}{\Delta x} + \lim_{\Delta x \to 0} \frac{\Delta u}{\Delta x} \cdot \lim_{\Delta x \to 0} \Delta v \\ +& = u'v + uv' + u' \cdot 0 \\ +& = u'v + uv' \end{aligned}$$ + +即 + +$$(uv)' = u'v + uv' \tag{3.4}$$ + +特别地,当 $u = c$($c$ 为常数)时, + +$$(cv)' = cv' \tag{3.5}$$ + +即常数因子可以移到导数符号外面. + +公式(3.4) 可以推广到有限多个函数的乘积的情况,即如果 $y = u_{1}u_{2}\cdots u_{n}$,则 + +$(u_1u_2\cdots u_n)'=u_1'u_2\cdots u_n+u_1u_2'u_3\cdots u_n+\cdots+u_1\cdots u_{n-1}u_n'$ + +例2 求函数 $y = (1 + 2x)(3x^3 - 2x^2)$ 的导数. + +解:$y' = (1 + 2x)'(3x^3 - 2x^2) + (1 + 2x)(3x^3 - 2x^2)'$ +$= [1' + (2x)'](3x^3 - 2x^2) + (1 + 2x)[(3x^3)' - (2x^2)']$ +$= [0 + 2(x)'](3x^3 - 2x^2) + (1 + 2x)[3(x^3)' - 2(x^2)']$ +$= 2(3x^3 - 2x^2) + (1 + 2x)(9x^2 - 4x)$ +$= 24x^3 - 3x^2 - 4x$ + +## (五) 商的导数 + +如果 $u$,$v$ 都是 $x$ 的可导函数,且 $v \neq 0$,则函数 $y = \frac{u}{v}$ 也是 $x$ 的可导函数,并且 + +$y' = \left( \frac{u}{v} \right)' = \frac{u'v - uv'}{v^2}$ + +证:由 $\Delta y = \frac{u + \Delta u}{v + \Delta v} - \frac{u}{v} = \frac{v \Delta u - u \Delta v}{v(v + \Delta v)}$ + +得 + +$\frac{\Delta y}{\Delta x} = \frac{v \frac{\Delta u}{\Delta x} - u \frac{\Delta v}{\Delta x}}{v(v + \Delta v)}$ + +因为当 $\Delta x \to 0$ 时,$u$ 与 $v$ 的值不变,而 $\Delta v \to 0$,所以 + +$$\lim _ { \Delta x \to 0 } \frac { \Delta y } { \Delta x } = \frac { v \lim \limits_{ \Delta x \to 0 } \frac { \Delta u } { \Delta x } - u \lim \limits_ { \Delta x \to 0 } \frac { \Delta v } { \Delta x } } { v \left( v + \lim \limits_ { \Delta x \to 0 } \Delta v \right) } = \frac { u ^ { \prime } v - u v ^ { \prime } } { v ^ { 2 } }$$ + +即 + +$$\left(\frac{u}{v}\right)' = \frac{u'v - uv'}{v^2} \tag{3.6}$$ + diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00063.md b/markdowns/education_math_00063.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..42b35ecb9e9f00b9cfd17c83b2ece8f024103c6a --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00063.md @@ -0,0 +1,42 @@ +例2 求函数 $f(x, y) = e^{x^2 y}$ 的偏导数 $\frac{\partial f}{\partial x}$, $\frac{\partial f}{\partial y}$. + +解: $\frac{\partial f}{\partial x} = \frac{\partial (e^{x^2 y})}{\partial x} = e^{x^2 y} \cdot \frac{\partial (x^2 y)}{\partial x} = 2xye^{x^2 y}$ + +$\frac{\partial f}{\partial y}=\frac{\partial\left(e^{x^{2}y}\right)}{\partial y}=e^{x^{2}y}\cdot\frac{\partial\left(x^{2}y\right)}{\partial y}=x^{2}e^{x^{2}y}$ + +可以看出,函数 $z = f(x, y)$ 在点 $(x_0, y_0)$ 处的偏导数,就是该函数在点 $(x_0, y_0)$ 处沿 $x$ 轴和 $y$ 轴方向的变化率,即 + +$f_{x}^{\prime}(x_{0}, y_{0}) = \frac{\mathrm{d}}{\mathrm{d}x}f(x, y_{0}) \Big|_{x=x_{0}}$ + +$f_{y}^{\prime}(x_{0}, y_{0}) = \left. \frac{\mathrm{d}}{\mathrm{d}y} f(x_{0}, y) \right|_{y=y_{0}}$ + +由此可知偏导数的几何意义:$f'_x(x_0, y_0)$ 表示曲面 $z = f(x, y)$ 与平面 $y = y_0$ 的交线在空间中的点 $P(x_0, y_0, f(x_0, y_0))$ 处切线 $PT_x$ 的斜率。类似地,$f'_y(x_0, y_0)$ 表示曲面 $z = f(x, y)$ 与平面 $x = x_0$ 的交线在点 $P(x_0, y_0, f(x_0, y_0))$ 处切线 $PT_y$ 的斜率(如图8—15所示),这与一元函数导数的几何意义是类似的。 + + + +图 8—15 + +但是,对二元函数 $z = f(x, y)$,即使在点 $(x_0, y_0)$ 处的偏导数存在,也不能保证 $f(x, y)$ 在该点连续,这与一元函数在某点可导则在该点连续的结论完全不同。 + +## (二)高阶偏导数 + +一般说来,函数 $z = f(x, y)$ 的偏导数 + +$z'_x = \frac{\partial f(x, y)}{\partial x}, z'_y = \frac{\partial f(x, y)}{\partial y}$ + +还是 $x$,$y$ 的二元函数,如果这两个函数对自变量 $x$ 和 $y$ 的偏导数也存在,则称这些偏导数为函数 $f(x, y)$ 的二阶偏导数,记作 + +$\frac{\partial^{2}z}{\partial x^{2}}=\frac{\partial}{\partial x}\left(\frac{\partial z}{\partial x}\right),\quad\frac{\partial^{2}z}{\partial x\partial y}=\frac{\partial}{\partial y}\left(\frac{\partial z}{\partial x}\right)$ + +$\frac{\partial^{2}z}{\partial y^{2}}=\frac{\partial}{\partial y}\left(\frac{\partial z}{\partial y}\right),\quad\frac{\partial^{2}z}{\partial y\partial x}=\frac{\partial}{\partial x}\left(\frac{\partial z}{\partial y}\right)$ + +或 + +$z_{xx}^{\prime \prime}, z_{xy}^{\prime \prime}, z_{yy}^{\prime \prime}, z_{yx}^{\prime \prime}$ + +仿此可以定义二元函数更高阶的偏导数。例如: + +$\frac{\partial}{\partial x}\left(\frac{\partial^{2}z}{\partial x^{2}}\right)=\frac{\partial^{3}z}{\partial x^{3}},\quad\frac{\partial}{\partial y}\left(\frac{\partial^{2}z}{\partial x^{2}}\right)=\frac{\partial^{3}z}{\partial x^{2}\partial y}$ + +$\frac{\partial}{\partial x}\left(\frac{\partial^{2}z}{\partial x\partial y}\right)=\frac{\partial^{3}z}{\partial x\partial y\partial x}等.$ + diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00064.md b/markdowns/education_math_00064.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..4362717b87db0a360d00bb18c3b42b678ff61d46 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00064.md @@ -0,0 +1,82 @@ +(7) 收敛 + +(8) 发散 + +(9) 收敛 + +6.(1)收敛 + +(2) 收敛 + +(3) 发散 + +(4) 收敛 + +7.(1)收敛 + +(2) 收敛 + +(3) 发散 + +8.(1)绝对收敛 + +(2) 绝对收敛 + +(3) 条件收敛 + +(4) 绝对收敛 + +(5) 绝对收敛 + +(6) 绝对收敛 + +9.(1)1;$(-1,1]$ + +(2)$\infty;(-\infty,+\infty)$ + +(3) 1; $[-1, 1]$ + +(4) 2; (-2, 2) + +(5) 3; $[-3, 3)$ + +(6) 5; (-5, 5] + +(7)$\frac{\sqrt{5}}{2};\left[-\frac{\sqrt{5}}{2},\frac{\sqrt{5}}{2}\right)$ + +(8) 1;[-1, 1) + +(9)$\frac{1}{5};\left[-\frac{1}{5},\frac{1}{5}\right)$ + +(10)$\frac{1}{3}$;$\left(-\frac{1}{3},\frac{1}{3}\right)$ + +(11) 1; [1, 3] + +(12)$\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2};\left(-\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2},\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\right)$ + +(13)$\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}$; $\left(-3-\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2},-3+\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\right)$ + +(14)$\frac{1}{2}$;(1,2] + +10. (1) $[-1, 1]$; $S(x) = \arctan x$ + +(2) $(-1, 1)$; $S(x) = \frac{2x}{(1 - x^2)^2}$ + +(3)$(-1,1)$; $S(x)=\frac{2x}{(1-x)^{3}}$ + +(4) $[-2, 2)$; $S(x) = \begin{cases} -\frac{1}{x}\ln(1-\frac{x}{2}), & x \neq 0 \text{ 且 } x \in [-2, 2) \\ \frac{1}{2}, & x = 0 \end{cases}$ + +11. (1) $\sum_{n=0}^{\infty}\frac{(\ln a)^{n}}{n!}x^{n}, -\infty < x < +\infty$ + +(2) $\sum\limits_{n=0} (-1)^n \frac{x^{2n+1}}{2^{2n+1}(2n+1)!}, -\infty < x < +\infty$ + +12. (1) $\sum_{n=0}^{\infty}(-1)^{n}\frac{x^{2n}}{n!}, -\infty < x < +\infty$ + +(2)$1+\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}(-1)^{n}\frac{(2x)^{2n}}{2(2n)!},-\infty < x < +\infty$ + +(3) $1 + \sum_{n=1}^{\infty} \frac{(2n-1)!!}{(2n)!!} x^{2n}, -1 < x < 1$ + +(4)$\sum_{n=0}^{\infty}(-1)^{n}\frac{x^{n+3}}{n!},-\infty < x < \infty$ + +(5)$\sum_{n=0}^{\infty}\frac{x^{n}}{3^{n+1}},-3 < x < 3$ + diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00065.md b/markdowns/education_math_00065.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..7e9d541dd127a3cf740a36a5f573956c613908c2 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00065.md @@ -0,0 +1,65 @@ +6. 证明 $\lim\limits_{x\to0}\frac{|x|}{x}$ 不存在. + +7. 函数 $y=\frac{1}{(x-1)^{2}}$ 在什么变化过程中是无穷大量?又在什么变化过程中是无穷小量? + +8. 以下数列在 $n \to \infty$ 时是否为无穷小量? + +(1) $y_n = (-1)^{n+1} \frac{1}{2^n}$ + +$(2)\ y_n = \frac{1 + (-1)^n}{n}$ + +(3) $y_n = \frac{1}{n^2}$ + +9. 当 $x \to 0$ 时, 下列变量中哪些是无穷小量? 哪些是无穷大量? 哪些既不是无穷小量也不是无穷大量? + +$100x^2$, $\sqrt[3]{x}$, $\sqrt{x+1}$, $\frac{2}{x}$, $\frac{x}{x^2}$, $\frac{x^2}{x}$, $0$, + +$x^2 + 0.01$, $\frac{1}{x-1}$, $x^2 + \frac{1}{2}x$, $\frac{x-1}{x+1}$ + +10. 当 $x \to +\infty$ 时,上题中的变量,哪些是无穷小量?哪些是无穷大量?哪些既不是无穷小量也不是无穷大量? + +11. 求下列各极限: + +(1) $\lim\limits_{x\to-2}(3x^{2}-5x+2)$ + +(2)$\lim\limits_{x\to0}\left(1-\frac{2}{x-3}\right)$ + +(3) $\lim_{x \to \sqrt{3}} \frac{x^2 - 3}{x^4 + x^2 + 1}$ + +$(4) \lim\limits_{x \to 2} \frac{x^2 - 3}{x - 2}$ + +(5) $\lim\limits_{x \to 1} \frac{x^2 - 1}{2x^2 - x - 1}$ + +(6)$\lim_{x\to0}\frac{4x^{3}-2x^{2}+x}{3x^{2}+2x}$ + +(7) $\lim\limits_{x \to 1} \frac{x^2 - 3x + 2}{1 - x^2}$ + +(8) $\lim\limits_{h \to 0} \frac{(x+h)^3 - x^3}{h}$ + +(9)$\lim_{x\to1}\frac{x^{n}-1}{x-1}$ (n为正整数) + +(10) $\lim\limits_{x\to\frac{\pi}{6}}\frac{2\sin^{2}x+\sin x-1}{2\sin^{2}x-3\sin x+1}$ + +(11) $\lim\limits_{x\to\infty}\frac{2x+3}{6x-1}$ + +(12)$\lim\limits_{x\to\infty}\frac{1000x}{1+x^{2}}$ + +(13) $\lim\limits_{n\to\infty}\frac{(n-1)^{2}}{n+1}$ + +(14) $\lim\limits_{u\to+\infty}\frac{\sqrt[4]{1+u^{3}}}{1+u}$ + +(15) $\lim\limits_{x\to\infty}\frac{2x+1}{\sqrt[5]{x^{3}+x^{2}-2}}$ + +(16) $\lim_{x \to +\infty} \frac{(\sqrt{x^2+1}+2x)^2}{3x^2+1}$ + +(17) $\lim\limits_{x\to\infty}\frac{(2x-1)^{30}(3x-2)^{20}}{(2x+1)^{50}}$ + +(18)$\lim\limits_{x\to0}\frac{x^{2}}{1-\sqrt{1+x^{2}}}$ + +(19) $\lim\limits_{x\to0}\frac{\sqrt[n]{1+x}-1}{\frac{x}{n}}$ + +(20) $\lim\limits_{x\to-8}\frac{\sqrt{1-x}-3}{2+\sqrt[3]{x}}$ + +(21) $\lim\limits_{x\to4}\frac{\sqrt{2x+1}-3}{\sqrt{x-2}-\sqrt{2}}$ + +(22) $\lim\limits_{x\to1}\left(\frac{3}{1-x^{3}}-\frac{1}{1-x}\right)$ diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00066.md b/markdowns/education_math_00066.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..4b57030f1e8d8337451cfeb58d6c6e87051b1e05 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00066.md @@ -0,0 +1,50 @@ +(D) 若 $0 \leqslant u_{n} \leqslant v_{n}$,且(Ⅱ)发散,则(Ⅰ)一定发散 + +7. 下列级数中发散的是 [____ ] . + +(A) $\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}2^{n}\sin\frac{1}{3^{n}}$ +(B) $\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}(1-\cos\frac{1}{n})$ +(C) $\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}\frac{(n!)^{2}}{(2n)!}$ +(D) $\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}\frac{\left(\frac{n+1}{n}\right)^{n^{2}}}{2^{n}}$ + +8. 对于级数 $\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}\left(\frac{na}{n+1}\right)^{n}(a>0)$,下列结论中正确的是 [ ____ ] . + +(A) $a > 1$ 时,级数收敛 +(B) $a < 1$ 时,级数发散 +(C) $a = 1$ 时,级数收敛 +(D) $a = 1$ 时,级数发散 + +9. 关于级数 $\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}\frac{(-1)^{n-1}}{n^{p}}$ 收敛性的下述结论中,正确的是 [ ____ ] . + +(A) $0 < p \leq 1$ 时条件收敛 +(B) $0 < p \leq 1$ 时绝对收敛 +(C) $p > 1$ 时条件收敛 +(D) $0 < p \leq 1$ 时发散 + +10. 下列级数中绝对收敛的是 [ ____ ] . + +(A) $\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}(-1)^{n-1}\frac{n}{2n-1}$ +(B) $\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}(-1)^{\frac{n(n+1)}{2}}\cdot\frac{n!}{3^{n}}$ +(C) $\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}(-1)^{n-1}\frac{n^{3}}{2^{n}}$ +(D) $\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}(-1)^{n-1}\cdot\frac{\sqrt{n}}{n+100}$ + +11. 无穷级数 $\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}(-1)^{n}u_{n}(u_{n}>0)$ 收敛的充分条件是 [ ___ ] . + +(A)$u_{n+1}\leqslant u_{n}\quad(n=1,2,\cdots)$ +(B)$\lim\limits_{n\to\infty}u_{n}=0$ +(C)$u_{n+1}\leqslant u_{n}\quad(n=1,2,\cdots)$,且$\lim\limits_{n\to\infty}u_{n}=0$ +(D)$\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}(-1)^{n}(u_{n}-u_{n+1})$收敛 + +12. 下列级数中发散的是 [ ____ ] . + +(A) $\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}(-1)^{n}\frac{1}{\ln(n+1)}$ (B) $\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}\frac{n}{3n-1}$ +(C) $\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}(-1)^{n-1}\frac{1}{3^{n}}$ (D) $\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}\frac{n}{3^{\frac{n}{2}}}$ + +13. 设 $0 \leq u_n < \frac{1}{n}$ ($n = 1, 2, \cdots$),则下列级数中必定收敛的是 [ ____ ]. + +A. $\sum_{n=1}^{\infty} u_n$ +B. $\sum_{n=1}^{\infty} (-1)^n u_n$ +C. $\sum_{n=1}^{\infty} \sqrt{u_n}$ +D. $\sum_{n=1}^{\infty} (-1)^n u_n^2$ + +14. 幂级数 $\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}\frac{x^{n}}{n}$ 的收敛域是 [ ____ ] . diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00067.md b/markdowns/education_math_00067.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..69e1aa076fb024f39faddbb6b33bd2707220ea10 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00067.md @@ -0,0 +1,31 @@ +我们称(8.1)式为傅里叶级数的三角形式,而称(8.2)式为傅里叶级数的复指数形式.工程上一般采用后一种形式. + +傅里叶级数有非常明确的物理含义. 事实上, 在(8.1)式中, 令 + +$A_{0}=\frac{a_{0}}{2},\quad A_{n}=\sqrt{a_{n}^{2}+b_{n}^{2}},\quad\cos\theta_{n}=\frac{a_{n}}{A_{n}},\quad\sin\theta_{n}=\frac{-b_{n}}{A_{n}}\quad(n=1,2,\cdots),$ + +则(8.1)式变为 + +$$\begin{aligned} f_T(t) & = A_0 + \sum_{n=1}^{+\infty} A_n (\cos \theta_n \cos n \omega_0 t - \sin \theta_n \sin n \omega_0 t) \\ +& = A_0 + \sum_{n=1}^{+\infty} A_n \cos (n \omega_0 t + \theta_n). \end{aligned}$$ + +如果以 $f_{T}(t)$ 代表信号,则上式说明,一个周期为 T 的信号可以分解为简谐波之和。这些谐波的(角)频率分别为一个基频 $\omega_{0}$ 的倍数。换句话说,信号 $f_{T}(t)$ 并不含有各种频率成分,而仅由一系列具有离散频率的谐波所构成,其中 $A_{n}$ 反映了频率为 $n\omega_{0}$ 的谐波在 $f_{T}(t)$ 中所占的份额,称为振幅;$\theta_{n}$ 则反映了频率为 $n\omega_{0}$ 的谐波沿时间轴移动的大小,称为相位。这两个指标完全刻画了信号 $f_{T}(t)$ 的性态。 + +再来看看(8.2)式,由 $c_n$ 与 $a_n$ 及 $b_n$ 的关系可得(图 8.1) + + + +图 8.1 + +$c_{0}=A_{0},\arg c_{n}=-\arg c_{-n}=\theta_{n},$ + +$|c_n| = |c_{-n}| = \frac{1}{2} \sqrt{a_n^2 + b_n^2} = \frac{A_n}{2} \quad (n = 1, 2, \cdots).$ + +因此 $c_n$ 作为一个复数,其模与辐角正好反映了信号 $f_T(t)$ 中频率为 $n\omega_0$ 的简谐波的振幅与相位,其中振幅 $A_n$ 被平均分配到正负频率上,而 + +负频率的出现则完全是为了数学表示的方便,它与正频率一起构成同一个简谐波。由此可见,仅由系数 $c_{n}$ 就可以完全刻画信号 $f_{T}(t)$ 的频率特性。因此,称 $c_{n}$ 为周期函数 $f_{T}(t)$ 的离散频谱,$\left|c_{n}\right|$ 为离散振幅谱,$\arg c_{n}$ 为离散相位谱。为了进一步明确 $c_{n}$ 与频率 $n\omega_{0}$ 的对应关系,常常记 $F(n\omega_{0})=c_{n}$。 + +例 8.1 求以 $T$ 为周期的函数 + +$ f_{T}(t)= \begin{cases} 0, & -T/2 < t < 0,\\2,&0< t < T/2 \end{cases}$ + diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00068.md b/markdowns/education_math_00068.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..08dcc9a99290cbaed05dd2cb404dadbba67323cc --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00068.md @@ -0,0 +1,42 @@ +$N_{c} = \int_{c} A_{n} \, \mathrm{d}s$ + +称为向量场 $A$ 通过闭或不闭的曲线 $C$ 的流量,其中 $ds$ 是曲线 $C$ 的弧元素,$A_n$ 是向量 $A(x,y)$ 在曲线 $C$ 上点 $(x,y)$ 处法线的正方向上的投影。 + +设 $dn$ 为向量, 其方向与曲线 C 上点 $(x, y)$ 处的法线一致, 大小等于切线方向向量 $ds = idx + jd y$ 的模, 则有 + +$dn = \pm (i \, dy - j \, dx)$, + +将这等式右边括号前的两个符号选定一个之后,我们就规定了法线的正方向,以后我们规定选取“+”号。在这种规定下,对于逆时针方向绕行的闭路 C 来说,向量 dn 指向闭路 C 的外法线方向(图 7.2). + + + +图 7.2 + +由于 $A_{n}\mathrm{d}s=A\cdot\mathrm{d}n=A_{x}(x,y)\mathrm{d}y-A_{y}(x,y)\mathrm{d}x$,所以 + +$N_{c} = \int_{c} A_{n} \, ds = \int_{c} \mathbf{A} \cdot d\mathbf{n} = \int_{c} A_{x}(x,y) \, dy - A_{y}(x,y) \, dx.$ + +当流入 $C$ 的内部的流体少于流出的流体时, 即 $N_C > 0$ 时, 有源; 当流入 $C$ 的内部的流体多于流出的流体时, 即 $N_C < 0$ 时, 有汇. + +假定闭曲线 $C$ 在区域 $D$ 内,并且在 $D$ 内的流体既无源又无汇,即在 $D$ 内任何部分,都无流体放出,也无流体吸入,这时通过 $C$ 的流量为 + +$N_{C} = \int_{C} A_{x}(x, y) \, dy - A_{y}(x, y) \, dx = 0.$ + +对于在 $D$ 内的任意简单闭曲线 $C$ 成立. + +假定 $D$ 是单连通区域, 且假定 $A_x$ 及 $A_y$ 在 $D$ 内有连续的偏导数. 由微积分所学内容知 + +$\text{div } \mathbf{A} = \frac{\partial A_x}{\partial x} + \frac{\partial A_y}{\partial y} = 0,$ + +即 + +$\frac{\partial A_{x}}{\partial x} = -\frac{\partial A_{y}}{\partial y}. \quad (7.2)$ + +从而可知$-A_{y}(x,y)\mathrm{d}x+A_{x}(x,y)\mathrm{d}y$是某一个二元函数$v(x,y)$的全微分,即 + +$d[v(x,y)] = -A_y dx + A_x dy.$ + +由此得 + +$\frac{\partial v}{\partial x} = -A_y, \quad \frac{\partial v}{\partial y} = A_x.$ + diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00069.md b/markdowns/education_math_00069.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..e311c68a3c47da26632defaa6c264bc88d9530f5 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00069.md @@ -0,0 +1,42 @@ +因此所求映射为 + +$w = \left( \frac{1 + i e^{-\frac{\pi i}{2z}}}{1 - i e^{-\frac{\pi i}{2z}}} \right)^2.$ + +## 本章小结 + +本章通过对导函数的几何特性的分析,引入共形映射的概念,并借助这一概念来进一步认识解析函数的映射特征与应用. + +事实上,保形性是解析函数所特有的性质.共形映射所研究的基本问题是构造解析函数使一个区域保形地映射到另一个区域,而要解决这一问题,必须首先从正面了解一个给定的解析函数会把一个给定的区域变成什么样的区域.因此本章主要是围绕这两个问题展开,其中重点讨论由分式线性函数所构成的映射. + +分式线性函数具有保形性、保对称点性以及保圆性等一些性质。而其中保圆性最具特色。当然,如果这里所说的圆只是一般意义上的半径有限的圆,则似乎还不能体现它的独到之处。它最关键的地方在于能在直线与圆之间相互转换,这就使得我们在处理那些以直线和圆弧组成边界的区域时非常方便,而这样的区域又是最常见的。因此从某种意义上也许可以这样说,分式线性映射最具魅力的特点在于它统一了直线和圆。 + +幂函数与根式函数、指数函数与对数函数也是在构造共形映射时非常有用的两对初等函数。前者在角形域之间进行转换,而后者在角形域与带形域之间进行转换。因此它们在使用上具有非常固定的模式。 + +单位圆域与上半平面是两个典型的区域,同时它们也是连接区域之间共形映射的纽带。我们在构造一般区域之间的共形映射时,常常是先将区域都向上半平面或者单位圆域映射,再求出所要的共形映射函数。 + +## 习题六 + +6.1 试求映射 $w = z^2$ 在 $z_0$ 处的旋转角与伸缩率: + +$(1)\ z_0 = 1;$ + +(2) $z_0 = -\frac{1}{4}$; + +(3) $z_{0}=1+i;$ + +$(4)\ z_0 = -3 + 4i.$ + +6.2 在映射 $w=\frac{1}{z}$ 下,求下列曲线的像曲线: + +(1)$x^{2}+y^{2}=4$; + +(2) $y = x$; + +$(3)\ x=1;$ + +$(4)\ (x-1)^2 + y^2 = 1.$ + +6.3 下列函数将下列区域映射成什么区域? + +(1) $x>0$, $y>0$, $w=\frac{z-i}{z+i}$; + diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00070.md b/markdowns/education_math_00070.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..ad0c17345f17d317b2a16d954d28aaf05a5fcc58 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00070.md @@ -0,0 +1,31 @@ + + + +(a) + + + +(b) + +图 6.1 + +另一方面,设曲线 $C$ 在 $z_0$ 处的切线倾角为 $\theta_0$, 曲线 $\Gamma$ 在 $w_0$ 处的切线倾角为 $\varphi_0$, 则 $\lim_{z \to z_0}(\varphi - \theta) = \varphi_0 - \theta_0$ 称为曲线 $C$ 经函数 $w = f(z)$ 映射后在 $z_0$ 处的旋转角, 它刻画了由曲线 $C$ 在 $z_0$ 处的切线转动到曲线 $\Gamma$ 在 $w_0$ 处的切线所需转过的角度. + +可以看出,伸缩率与旋转角完全描述了在 $ w = f(z) $ 映射下曲线 $\Gamma$ 相对于曲线 C 的变化特征。下面我们将看到,当函数 $ w = f(z) $ 解析时,这两个特征可以由导数的模与辐角定量给出。 + +2. 伸缩率不变性 + +现假设函数 $ w = f(z) $ 在区域 D 内解析,$z_{0} \in D$,且 $ f'(z_{0}) \neq 0 $。采用前面的记号,并由导数的定义可得 + +$f'(z_0) = \lim_{\Delta z \to 0} \frac{\Delta w}{\Delta z} = \lim_{\Delta z \to 0} \frac{|\Delta w| \, e^{i\varphi}}{|\Delta z| \, e^{i\theta}} = \lim_{\Delta z \to 0} \frac{|\Delta w|}{|\Delta z|} e^{i(\varphi - \theta)}, \quad (6.1)$ + +因此有 + +$|f'(z_0)| = \lim_{\Delta z \to 0} \frac{|\Delta w|}{|\Delta z|}.$ + +根据伸缩率的概念可知,导数的模 $|f'(z_0)|$ 实际上就是曲线 $C$ 经函数 $w=f(z)$ 映射后在 $z_0$ 处的伸缩率. 由于函数 $w=f(z)$ 可导,因此 $|f'(z_0)|$ 只与 $z_0$ 有关,而与曲线 $C$ 本身的形状和方向无关,即对经过 $z_0$ 点的任何曲线 $C$,经 $w=f(z)$ 映射后在 $z_0$ 点均有相同的伸缩率. 因此称这种映射具有伸缩率不变性. + +3. 旋转角不变性与保角性 + +由式(6.1)还可得 + diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00071.md b/markdowns/education_math_00071.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..6a2e225c39fa3c0447af19e16db9aae1fec13276 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00071.md @@ -0,0 +1,26 @@ +的傅氏变换. + +8.13 证明下列各式: + +$(1) f_{1}(t) * f_{2}(t) = f_{2}(t) * f_{1}(t)$; + +(2) $a[f_1(t) * f_2(t)] = [af_1(t)] * f_2(t)$ ($a$ 为常数); + +$(3)\ \frac{d}{dt}[f_1(t)*f_2(t)] = \frac{d}{dt}f_1(t)*f_2(t) = f_1(t)*\frac{d}{dt}f_2(t).$ + +8.14 设 + +$f_{1}(t)=\begin{cases}0,&t<0,\\1,&t\geqslant0;\end{cases}$ + +$f_{2}(t) = \begin{cases} 0, & t < 0, \\ e^{-1}, & t \geq 0, \end{cases}$ + +求 $f_1(t) * f_2(t)$. + +8.15 设 $F_1(\omega) = \mathscr{F}[f_1(t)]$, $F_2(\omega) = \mathscr{F}[f_2(t)]$, 证明: + +$\mathcal{F}\left[f_{1}(t) \cdot f_{2}(t)\right] = \frac{1}{2\pi} F_{1}(\omega) * F_{2}(\omega).$ + +8.16 求下列函数的傅氏变换: + +(1) $ f(t) = \sin \omega_{0} t \cdot u(t) $; (2) $ f(t) = e^{j \omega_{0} t} t u(t) $. + diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00072.md b/markdowns/education_math_00072.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..63f45e045bb2a8133ec595f7c0c0f96c72705372 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00072.md @@ -0,0 +1,33 @@ + + + +(a) + + + +(b) + + + +(c) + + + +(d) + +图 6.23 + +解 (1)令 $z_1 = k \frac{z - i}{z + i}$, 再设它将 $z = 1$ 映射为 $z_1 = 1$, 则可求得 $k = i$, 即得 $z_1 = \frac{z - i}{z + i}i$. 此步是最关键的一步, 它包含三个方面的考虑: 第一, 将 $C_1$ 与 $C_2$ 的一个公共点 $-i$ 映射为无穷远点, 从而使 $C_1$ 与 $C_2$ 变为两条直线; 第二, 将 $i$ 点映射为原点, 使 $C_1$ 与 $C_2$ 变成从原点出发且夹角为 $\frac{\pi}{6}$ 的射线; 第三, 将 $1$ 映射为 $1$, 使 $C_2$ 映射为右半实轴. 这样映射后的区域很容易就确定下来. + +(2) 由 $z_{2}=(z_{1})^{6}$ 变为上半平面. + +(3) 由 $w=\frac{z_{2}-i}{z_{2}+i}$ 变为单位圆内部(见例 6.10). + +最后得到所求映射为 + +$$w = \frac { \left( \mathrm { i } \, \frac { z - \mathrm { i } } { z + \mathrm { i } } \right) ^ { 6 } - \mathrm { i } } { \left( \mathrm { i } \, \frac { z - \mathrm { i } } { z + \mathrm { i } } \right) ^ { 6 } + \mathrm { i } } .$$ + +例 6.18 求一共形映射,使区域 $D = \{z: \operatorname{Im} z > 0, |z| < 1\}$ 映射为单位圆内部(图 6.24). + +解 (1)参见例 6.13, 映射 $z_{1}=\left(\frac{1+z}{1-z}\right)^{2}$ 可将区域 D 变为上半平面. + diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00073.md b/markdowns/education_math_00073.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..68163e6bf17702cd30e527656ce185c3b073947f --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00073.md @@ -0,0 +1,35 @@ +$X(s) = \frac{F_{0}}{ms^{2}}.$ + +求拉氏逆变换得物体的运动方程为 $x(t)=\frac{F_0}{m}t$。 + +注 本例中关于δ函数的拉氏变换涉及拉氏变换本身的定义问题. 一般说来, 若函数$f(t)$在$t=0$附近有界, 则$f(0)$的取值对拉氏变换没有影响, 但若$f(t)$在$t=0$时刻包含了冲激函数, 则有必要考察一下拉氏变换中积分限的设定. 对积分下限分别取$0^+$和$0^-$, 可得下面两种形式的拉氏变换: + +$\mathscr{L}_{+}[f(t)] = \int_{0^{+}}^{+\infty} f(t) e^{-st} dt,$ $\quad$ +(9.18) + +$\mathscr{L}_{-}[f(t)] = \int_{0^{-}}^{+\infty} f(t) e^{-st} dt.$ (9.19) + +对于在 $t=0$ 不含冲激函数的 $f(t)$,有 $\mathscr{L}_+[f(t)] = \mathscr{L}_-[f(t)]$,因此以前的讨论不受影响. 但对于 $\delta$ 函数而言,则有 $\mathscr{L}_+[\delta(t)] = 0$,$\mathscr{L}_-[\delta(t)] = 1$. 考虑到 $\delta$ 函数的傅氏变换为 1,为统一起见,我们推荐使用后一种方式. 此时有关公式要作相应的修改. + +比如在例 9.20 中, 实际上是采用(9.19)式进行的拉氏变换, 因而有 $\mathscr{L}_{-}[\delta(t)]=1$, 且 $\mathscr{L}_{-}\left[x^{\prime \prime}(t)\right]=s^{2} X(s)-s x\left(0^{-}\right)-x^{\prime}\left(0^{-}\right)$, 初始条件为 $x\left(0^{-}\right)=x^{\prime}\left(0^{-}\right)=0$. 但若此例中采用 (9.18) 式进行拉氏变换, 则 $\mathscr{L}_{+}[\delta(t)]=0$, 且 $\mathscr{L}_{+}\left[x^{\prime \prime}(t)\right]=s^{2} X(s)-s x\left(0^{+}\right)-x^{\prime}\left(0^{+}\right)$, 此时的初始条件应为 $x\left(0^{+}\right)=0$, $x^{\prime}\left(0^{+}\right)=F_{0} / m$, 这是因为在冲击力 $F_{0} \delta(t)$ 的作用下, 冲量为 $F_{0}$, 根据冲量定理, 物体的初始速度瞬间由 0 变到 $F_{0} / m$. 其求解结果与前面是一致的. + +## § 9.4.2 综合举例 + +例 9.21 求函数 $f(t)=\begin{cases}1-t, & 0\leq t\leq 1, \\ 0, & t<0 \text{ 或 } t>1\end{cases}$ 的像函数. + +解 如图 9.3, 函数 $f(t)$ 可写为 + + + +图 9.3 + +$\begin{aligned} f(t) &= (1 - t)u(t) + (t - 1)u(t - 1) \\ &= u(t) - tu(t) + (t - 1)u(t - 1). \end{aligned}$ + +由于 + +$\mathscr{L}\left[ u(t) \right] = \frac{1}{s}, \quad \mathscr{L}\left[ tu(t) \right] = \frac{1}{s^2},$ + +所以 + +$\mathscr{L}\left[f(t)\right]=\frac{1}{s}-\frac{1}{s^{2}}+\frac{1}{s^{2}}e^{-s}.$ + diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00074.md b/markdowns/education_math_00074.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..cd87602af4b000b072744ee6693bb1f7b2be3343 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00074.md @@ -0,0 +1,30 @@ +$\begin{aligned} F(\omega) &= \int_{-\infty}^{+\infty} f(t) e^{-j\omega t} \, dt = \int_{-\infty}^{+\infty} e^{-|t|} \cos t e^{-j\omega t} \, dt \\&= \int_{0}^{+\infty} e^{-t} \cos t e^{-j\omega t} \, dt + \int_{-\infty}^{0} e^{t} \cos t e^{-j\omega t} \, dt. \end{aligned}$ + +对上式第二个积分作变量代换 $t_1 = -t$,有 + +$$F ( \omega ) = \int _ { 0 } ^ { + \infty } \mathrm { e } ^ { - t } \cos t \, \mathrm { e } ^ { - \mathrm { j } \omega t } \mathrm { d } t + \int _ { 0 } ^ { + \infty } \mathrm { e } ^ { - t _ { 1 } } \cos t _ { 1 } \, \mathrm { e } ^ { - \mathrm { j } ( - \omega ) t _ { 1 } } \mathrm { d } t _ { 1 }$$ +$$= \int _ { - \infty } ^ { + \infty } \mathrm { e } ^ { - t } u ( t ) \cos t \, \mathrm { e } ^ { - \mathrm { j } \omega t } \mathrm { d } t + \int _ { - \infty } ^ { + \infty } \mathrm { e } ^ { - t } u ( t ) \cos t \, \mathrm { e } ^ { \mathrm { j } \omega t } \mathrm { d } t .$$ + +令 $f_{1}(t)=e^{-t}u(t)\cos t$,$F_{1}(\omega)=\mathscr{F}[f_{1}(t)]$,则 + +$F(\omega) = F_1(\omega) + \overline{F_1(\omega)} = 2\mathrm{Re}\, F_1(\omega).$ + +由例 8.16 可知 + +$F_{1}(\omega) = \frac{1 + j\omega}{(1 + j\omega)^{2} + 1}$ , + +因此,$F(\omega)=2\mathrm{Re}$ $F_{1}(\omega)=2\frac{\omega^{2}+2}{\omega^{4}+4}$。对 $F(\omega)$ 求逆变换有 + +$\begin{aligned}\mathscr{F}^{-1}\left[F(\omega)\right] &=\frac{1}{2 \pi} \int_{-\infty}^{+\infty} 2 \frac{\omega^{2}+2}{\omega^{4}+4} e^{\mathrm{j} \omega t} \mathrm{~d} \omega \\ +& =\frac{1}{\pi} \int_{-\infty}^{+\infty} \frac{\omega^{2}+2}{\omega^{4}+4}(\cos \omega t+j \sin \omega t) \mathrm{d} \omega \\ &=\frac{1}{\pi} \int_{-\infty}^{+\infty} \frac{\omega^{2}+2}{\omega^{4}+4} \cos \omega t \mathrm{~d} \omega=f(t). \end{aligned}$ + +即得 + +$\frac{2}{\pi}\int_{0}^{+\infty}\frac{\omega^{2}+2}{\omega^{4}+4}\cos\omega t\,d\omega=e^{-|t|}\cos t.$ + +例 8.20 已知 $\int_{-\infty}^{+\infty} e^{-t^2} dt = \sqrt{\pi}$,求 $f(t) = e^{-t^2}$ 的傅氏变换. + +解 设 $ F(\omega) = \mathcal{F}[f(t)] $,则 + +$F(2\omega)=\int_{-\infty}^{+\infty}e^{-t^{2}}e^{-2j\omega t}\,dt=e^{-\omega^{2}}\int_{-\infty}^{+\infty}e^{-(t+j\omega)^{2}}dt,$ + diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00075.md b/markdowns/education_math_00075.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..ab71ac8883ea815bca5703c29275bc81df8236cd --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00075.md @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +人们在处理与分析工程实际中的一些问题时,常常采取某种手段将问题进行转换,从另一个角度进行处理与分析,这就是所谓的变换。为此,变换的目的无非有两个:第一、使问题的性质更清楚,更便于分析问题;第二、使问题的求解更方便,更便于解决问题。但变换不同于化简,它必须是可逆的,即必须有与之匹配的逆变换。由于工程实际中的问题往往是复杂的,因此变换是一种常用的手法。而数学上则更是如此,直角坐标与极坐标之间是一种变换,它使我们能更灵活、更方便地处理一些问题;对数也是一种变换,它能将乘法运算化为加法运算,从而能用来求解一些复杂的代数方程。本章将要介绍的傅里叶(Fourier)变换,则是一种对连续时间函数的积分变换,即通过某种积分运算,把一个函数化为另一个函数,同时还具有对称形式的逆变换。它既能简化计算,如求解微分方程、化卷积为乘积等,又具有非常特殊的物理意义,因而在许多领域被广泛地应用。而在此基础上发展起来的离散傅里叶变换,在当今数字时代更是显得尤为重要。 + +## § 8.1 傅里叶变换的概念 + +在讨论傅里叶变换之前,我们有必要先来回顾一下傅里叶级数展开. + +## § 8.1.1 傅里叶级数 + +1804年,傅里叶首次提出“在有限区间上由任意图形定义的任意函数都可以表示为单纯的正弦与余弦之和”,但并没有给出严格的证明。1829年,由德国数学家狄利克雷(Dirichlet)证明了下面的定理,为傅里叶级数奠定了理论基础。 + +定理 8.1 设 $f_{T}(t)$ 是以 T 为周期的实值函数,且在 $\left[-\frac{T}{2}, \frac{T}{2}\right]$ 上满足狄利克雷条件(简称狄氏条件),即 $f_{T}(t)$ 在 $\left[-\frac{T}{2}, \frac{T}{2}\right]$ 上满足 + +(1) 连续或只有有限个第一类间断点; + +(2) 只有有限个极值点, + diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00076.md b/markdowns/education_math_00076.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..25a75effa8aba8078b7b653dc66d60d37d648aef --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00076.md @@ -0,0 +1,33 @@ +证 设 $z$ 为 $|z-z_0|< R$ 内任意取定的点, 总有一个圆周 $C: |\zeta - z_0| = r (0< $ $r<R)$,使点z含在C的内部(图4.2).由柯西积分公式,有 + + + +图 4.2 + +$f(z) = \frac{1}{2\pi i} \oint_{c} \frac{f(\zeta)}{\zeta - z} d\zeta.$ $\quad$(4.5) + +由于$\zeta$在$C$上,而$z$在$C$内,所以$\left|\frac{z-z_0}{\zeta-z_0}\right|< 1$,根据例4.1,就有展开式 + +$\frac{1}{\zeta - z} = \frac{1}{(\zeta - z_0) - (z - z_0)} = \frac{1}{\zeta - z_0} \frac{1}{1 - \frac{z - z_0}{\zeta - z_0}}$ + +$$= \frac { 1 } { \zeta - z _ { 0 } } \left[ 1 + \frac { z - z _ { 0 } } { \zeta - z _ { 0 } } + \left( \frac { z - z _ { 0 } } { \zeta - z _ { 0 } } \right) ^ { 2 } + \cdots + \left( \frac { z - z _ { 0 } } { \zeta - z _ { 0 } } \right) ^ { n } + \cdots \right]$$ +$$= \sum _ { n = 0 } ^ { \infty } \frac { 1 } { ( \zeta - z _ { 0 } ) ^ { n + 1 } } ( z - z _ { 0 } ) ^ { n } ,$$ + +将上式代入(4.5)式,有 + +$f(z)=\frac{1}{2 \pi i} \oint_{C}\left[\sum_{n=0}^{N-1} \frac{f(\zeta) \mathrm{d} \zeta}{\left(\zeta-z_{0}\right)^{n+1}}\right]\left(z-z_{0}\right)^{n}+R_{N}(z),$ $\quad(4.6)$ + +其中 + +$$R _ { N } ( z ) = \frac { 1 } { 2 \pi \, \mathrm { i } } \oint _ { C } \left[ \sum _ { n = N } ^ { \infty } \frac { f ( \zeta ) } { ( \zeta - z _ { 0 } ) ^ { n + 1 } } ( z - z _ { 0 } ) ^ { n } \right] \mathrm { d } \zeta .$$ + +下证 $\lim_{N\to\infty}R_N(z)=0$. + +由于$f(z)$在$D$内解析,从而在$C$上连续,因此,存在一个正常数$M$,在$C$上$\mid f(\zeta)\mid\leqslant M$,又由于 + +$\left| \frac{z - z_0}{\zeta - z_0} \right| = \frac{|z - z_0|}{r} = q < 1,$ + +于是有 + +$$ | R_{N}(z) | \leqslant \frac{1}{2\pi} \oint_{C} \left| \sum_{n=N}^{\infty} \frac{f(\zeta)}{(\zeta - z_{0})^{n+1}} (z - z_{0})^{n} \right| |dz| $$ + diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00077.md b/markdowns/education_math_00077.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..38e27d489e80bbaf2e0ce98536dade9ea6538a8c --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00077.md @@ -0,0 +1,32 @@ +$d(u,v):=a(u,D^{\gamma}\partial v)-a_{P}(D^{\gamma}u,v)$ +$=\sum_{\substack{|\alpha|\leq m\\ |\beta|\leq m-2}}\int_{\mathbb{R}^{n}}a_{\alpha\beta}(D^{\alpha}u)(D^{\beta+\gamma}\partial v)\,dx$ +$\quad-\sum_{\substack{|\alpha|\leq m\\ |\beta|\leq m-1}}\int_{\mathbb{R}^{n}}[D^{\gamma}(a_{\alpha\beta}D^{\alpha}u)](D^{\beta}\partial v)\,dx$ +$+\sum_{\substack{|\alpha|\leq m\\ |\beta|=m}}\int_{\mathbb{R}^{n}}[(D^{\gamma}\partial a_{\alpha\beta})(D^{\alpha}u(x-\tfrac{h}{2}\mathbf{e}_{i})) \\$ +$\quad+( \partial a_{\alpha\beta}) ( D^{\alpha+\gamma}u(x-\tfrac{h}{2}\mathbf{e}_{i}))\\$ +$\quad+(D^{\gamma}a_{\alpha\beta}(x+\tfrac{h}{2}\mathbf{e}_{i})D^{\alpha}\partial u)\\$ +$\quad+(a_{\alpha\beta}(x+\tfrac{h}{2}\mathbf{e}_{i})-a_{\alpha\beta}(x))D^{\alpha+\gamma}\partial u](D^{\beta}v)\,dx.$ + +As in the first part of the proof, from $|d(u,v)|\leq C_{d}|u|_{m+1}|v|_{m}$ and + +$|(f,D^{\gamma}\partial v)_{0}|\leq|f|_{2-m}|D^{\gamma}\partial v|_{m-2}\leq|f|_{2-m}|v|_{m}$ + +follows + +$|D^{\gamma}\partial_{h,i}u|_m \leq [|f|_{-m+2} + (C_d + C_K)|u|_{m+1}]/C_E$ + +for all $|\gamma|=1$, h>0, $1\leq i\leq n$. Thus, the differences $|\partial_{h,i}u|_{m+1}$ are uniformly bounded so that Lemma 6.2.24 proves $u\in H^{m+2}(\mathbb{R}^{n})$ and $|u|_{m+2}\leq C||f|_{-m+2}+|u|_{m+1}$. If one uses the estimate $|u|_{m+1}\leq C||f|_{-m+1}+|u|_{m}\leq C||f|_{-m+2}+|u|_{m}$ proved in (a), (8) follows for k=2. + +(c) An induction argument is carried out analogously for $k \ge 2$. + +Corollary 9.1.4. The coercivity in Theorem 3 can be replaced (a) by the sufficient conditions from Theorem 7.2.11; (b) by the assumption that for some $\lambda$ the bilinear form $a_{P}(u,v)+\lambda(u,v)_{0}$ satisfies the assumption (6.5.4a,b). + +Corollary 9.1.5. If, in addition, $a(\cdot,\cdot)$ is $H^m(\mathbb{R}^n)$-elliptic or if $a(\cdot,\cdot)$ satisfies condition (6.5.4a,b), then in Theorem 3 the estimate (8) should be replaced by + +$|u|_{m+k} \leq C_k |f|_{-m+k}. \quad (9.1.11)$ + +PROOF. By Remark 2. + +Corollary 9.1.6. Let $a(\cdot,\cdot)$ be $H^{m}(\mathbb{R}^{n})$-coercive. Let the conditions (6) and $f \in H^{k-m}(\mathbb{R}^{n})$ be satisfied for $k \in N$ with $k > s + n/2 \geq n/2$. Then the weak solution u of (7) belongs to $C^{s}(\mathbb{R}^{n})$. Hence for $s \geq 2m$, the weak solution is also a classical solution. + +PROOF. The statement results from Sobolev’s lemma (Theorem 6.2.30). + diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00078.md b/markdowns/education_math_00078.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..1e4f59090fca6f3ef9b44ccc18c64e9f868f429b --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00078.md @@ -0,0 +1,31 @@ +Since (11) holds for all $ f \in H^{-m}(\Omega) $ and $ u = L^{-1}f \left( \operatorname{cf.}(9') \right) $, inequality (11) is equivalent to + +$\|L^{-1}\|_{H_{0}^{m}(\Omega)\to H^{-m}(\Omega)}\leq C:=1/C_{E}.\quad(7.2.11')$ + +The term “variational problem” for (9) goes back to the following statement, inferred from Theorem 6.5.12: + +Theorem 7.2.9. Let $a(\cdot,\cdot)$ be an $H_0^m(\Omega)$-elliptic and symmetric bilinear form. Then (9) is equivalent to the variational problem + +find $u \in H_0^m(\Omega)$, such that $J(u) \leq J(v)$ for all $v \in H_0^m(\Omega)$, $\quad (7.2.12a)$ + +where + +$J(v) := \frac{1}{2} a(v, v) - f(v). \quad (7.2.12b)$ + +Attention. If $a(\cdot,\cdot)$ is either not $H_0^m(\Omega)$-elliptic or not symmetric, Problem (9) remains meaningful although the solution does not minimize the functional $J(u)$. + +Example 7.2.10. The Poisson equation $-\Delta u = f$ in $\Omega$, $u = 0$ on $\Gamma$, leads to $a(u, v) = \int_{\Omega} \langle \nabla u(x), \nabla v(x) \rangle dx$. For a bounded domain $\Omega$, $a(\cdot, \cdot)$ is $H_0^1(\Omega)$-elliptic (cf. Theorem 3), so that for any $f \in H^{-1}(\Omega)$ there exists exactly one (weak) solution $u \in H_0^1(\Omega)$ of the Poisson equation. This is also the solution of the variational problem $\frac{1}{2} \int_{\Omega} |\nabla u|^2 dx - f(u) = \min$. + +A weaker condition than $H_{0}^{m}(\varOmega)$-ellipticity is the $H_{0}^{m}(\varOmega)$-coercivity: +$a(u,u) \geq \epsilon |u|_{m}^{2} - C |u|_{0}^{2}.$ + +Theorem 7.2.11. Let $m = 1$, and let the coefficients $a_{\alpha\beta} \in L^\infty(\Omega)$ satisfy condition (3) of uniform ellipticity. Then $a(\cdot, \cdot)$ is $H_0^1(\Omega)$-coercive. + +PROOF. We write $L$ as $L = L_I + L_{II}$, with $L_I$ satisfying the conditions of Theorem 3, resp. Corollary 4 if $\Omega$ is not bounded, and $L_{II}$ containing only derivatives of order $\leq 1$. Then we can apply the following lemma. + +Lemma 7.2.12. Let $a(\cdot,\cdot)=a'(\cdot,\cdot)+a''(\cdot,\cdot)$ be decomposed such that $a'(\cdot,\cdot)$ is $H_{0}^{m}(\Omega)$-elliptic, or perhaps only $H_{0}^{m}(\Omega)$-coercive, while + +$a''(u,u)=\sum\limits_{\substack{|\alpha|,|\beta|\leq m\\|\alpha|+|\beta|<2m}}\int_{\Omega}a_{\alpha\beta}D^{\alpha}uD^{\beta}u\,dx$ + +with $a_{\alpha\beta} \in L^{\infty}(\Omega)$ contains only derivatives of order $\leq 2m - 1$. Then $a(\cdot, \cdot)$ is also $H_{0}^{m}(\Omega)$-coercive. + diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00079.md b/markdowns/education_math_00079.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..7e8a7ef42e8f3ed2be514d019e6a8ffcb3278aa9 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00079.md @@ -0,0 +1,30 @@ +Remark 4.7.2. (a) $L_h$ is symmetric and satisfies the sign condition (3.1a). (b) With lexicographical arrangement of the grid points of $\Omega_h$, $L_h$ has the form + +$$L _ { h } = h ^ { - 2 } \left[ \begin{array} { c c c c c } { { T - I } } & { { - I } } & { { } } & { { } } & { { } } \\ { { - I } } & { { T } } & { { - I } } & { { } } & { { } } \\ { { } } & { { \ddots } } & { { \ddots } } & { { \ddots } } & { { } } \\ { { } } & { { } } & { { - I } } & { { T } } & { { - I } } \\ { { } } & { { } } & { { } } & { { - I } } & { { T - I } } \end{array} \right] ,$$ + +$$T = \left[ \begin{array} { c c c c c } { { 3 } } & { { - 1 } } & { { } } & { { } } & { { } } \\ { { - 1 } } & { { 4 } } & { { - 1 } } & { { } } & { { } } \\ { { } } & { { \ddots } } & { { \ddots } } & { { \ddots } } & { { } } \\ { { } } & { { } } & { { - 1 } } & { { 4 } } & { { - 1 } } \\ { { } } & { { } } & { { } } & { { - 1 } } & { { 3 } } \end{array} \right] .$$ + +The matrix $L_h$ is singular because the system $L_h u_h = q_h$, like the continuous boundary value problem (1), is, in general, not solvable. The analogue of Theorem 3.4.1 reads as follows. + +Theorem 4.7.3. The system of equations (5a) is solvable if and only if + +$-h^2 \sum_{x \in \Omega_h} f(x) = h \sum_{x \in \Gamma'_h} \varphi(x). \quad (4.7.6)$ + +Any two solutions of (5a) can only differ by a constant: $u_h^1 - u_h^2 = c\mathbf{1}, c \in \mathbb{R}$. + +PROOF. Evidently, $L_{h}1=0$ holds, i.e., $\mathbf{1}\in\operatorname{kernel}(L_{h})$. Furthermore, Theorem 4 will then imply $\dim(\operatorname{kernel}(L_{h}))=1$. This proves + +$kernel(L_h) = \{c1: c \in R\} \quad (4.7.7)$ + +and thus the second part of the assertion. (5a) is solvable if and only if the scalar product $\langle v, q_{h}\rangle$ vanishes for all $v \in$ kernel $(L_{h}^{\top}) = \text{range}(L_{h})^{\perp}$. Because of $L_{h}^{T} = L_{h}$ and (7) + +$\langle 1, q_h \rangle = 0 \quad \text{or} \quad \sum_{x \in \Omega_h} q_h(x) = 0 \quad (4.7.6')$ + +is sufficient and necessary. According to Definition (5c), (6) and (6′) agree. + +Let condition (6) be satisfied. System (5a) can be solved as follows. Select an arbitrary $x_0 \in \Omega_h$ and normalise the solution $u_h$ (determined except for one constant) by + +$u_{h}(x_{0})=0.\quad(4.7.8)$ + +Let $\hat{u}_h$ be the vector $u_h$ without the component $u_h(x_0)$. Let $\hat{L}_h$ be the submatrix of $L_h$ in which the row and column with index $x_0$ have been left out. Let $\hat{q}_h$ be constructed likewise. Then + diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00080.md b/markdowns/education_math_00080.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..7c8afdf16b68a78d42441db09dd617c792922385 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00080.md @@ -0,0 +1,38 @@ +## 11.2.2 Qualitative Convergence Results + +This section concerns the question as to whether $\lambda_h \to \lambda$ and $e^h \to e$ for $h \to 0$. The rate of convergence will be discussed in Section 11.2.3. The basic assumptions are the following: + +$Let a(\cdot,\cdot): V \times V \to R be V-coercive, \quad (11.2.2a)$ + +Let $V \subset L^2(\Omega)$ be continuously, densely, and compactly embedded, + (11.2.2b) + +so that the Riesz-Schauder theory is applicable (Theorem 11.1.2). Furthermore, let a sequence of subspaces $V_{h_i}$ ($h_i \to 0$) be given which increasingly approximate $V$ (cf. (8.2.4a)): + +$\lim_{h \to 0} \inf\{\|u - u^h\|_V : u^h \in V_h\} = 0 \quad \text{for all } u \in V.$ $\quad (11.2.2c)$ + +We define + +$a_{\lambda}(\cdot,\cdot):V\times V\to C,\quad a_{\lambda}(u,v):=a(u,v)-\lambda(u,v)_{0},\quad(11.2.3a)$ + +$\omega(\lambda) := \inf_{\substack{u \in V \\ \|u\|_V = 1}} \sup_{\substack{v \in V \\ \|v\|_V = 1}} |a_\lambda(u, v)|, \quad (11.2.3b)$ + +$$\omega_h(\lambda) := \inf_{\substack{u \in V_h \\ \|u\|_V = 1}} \sup_{\substack{v \in V_h \\ \|v\|_V = 1}} |a_\lambda(u, v)|. \tag{11.2.3c}$$ + +Exercise 11.2.4. Let L and $L_{h}$ be the operators associated with $a(\cdot,\cdot):V\times V\to\mathbb{R}$ and $a(\cdot,\cdot):V_{h}\times V_{h}\to\mathbb{R}$ (cf. (8.1.10a)). Show that +(i) If $\lambda$ is not an eigenvalue we have + +$\omega(\lambda)=\|(L-\lambda I)^{-1}\|_{V\leftarrow V^{\prime}}^{-1},\quad\omega_{h}(\lambda)=\|(L_{h}-\lambda I)^{-1}\|_{V_{h}\leftarrow V_{h}^{\prime}}^{-1}\qquad(11.2.4)$ + +(cf. Lemma 6.5.3 and Exercise 8.1.16). + +(ii) $\omega(\lambda)$ and $\omega_h(\lambda)$ are continuous in $\lambda \in \mathbb{C}$. + +(iii) If in (3b,c) one replaces $a_{\lambda}(u,v)$ by $a_{\lambda}(v,u)$ one obtains the variables $\omega^{*}(\lambda)$ and $\omega_{h}^{*}(\lambda)$ which correspond to the adjoint problem. The following holds: $\omega^{*}(\lambda)=\omega(\lambda)$ and $\omega_{h}^{*}(\lambda)=\omega_{h}(\lambda)$. Hint: Use Lemma 6.5.17. + +With the aid of (4) and Theorem 6.5.15 one proves the following connection between $\omega(\lambda)$, $\omega_h(\lambda)$, and the eigenvalue problems. + +Remark 11.2.5. Let $(2a,b)$ hold. $\lambda$ is an eigenvalue of $(1.2a)$ if and only if $\omega(\lambda)=0$, and $\lambda_{h}$ is eigenvalue of $(1a)$ if and only if $\omega_{h}(\lambda_{h})=0$. + +Lemma 11.2.6. Let $a(\cdot,\cdot)$ be V-coercive (cf. (2a)). Then there exists a $\mu\in\mathbb{R}$ such that $a_\mu(\cdot,\cdot)$ is V-elliptic. In addition, then $\omega(\mu)\geq1/C_E$ and $\omega_h(\mu)\geq1/C_E$ hold with $C_E>0$ from Definition 6.5.13. + diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00081.md b/markdowns/education_math_00081.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..598055f20f94ab84ebb96011113767a7c1ea6671 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00081.md @@ -0,0 +1,31 @@ +For (3b) one needs, for instance, $H^{k+1}$-regularity: For each $f \in H^{k-1}(\Omega)$ the adjoint problem (4.12) has a solution $u \in H^{k+1}(\Omega)$. + +Remark 8.5.2. Under suitable assumptions the inequality (4.20) holds for $1 - k \leq t \leq 1 \leq s \leq k + 1$. For negative t the norm $|\cdot|_{t}$ should be understood as the dual norm of $H^{-t}(\Omega)$. + +## 8.5.2 Finite Elements for Equations of Higher Order + +## 8.5.2.1 Introduction: The One-Dimensional Biharmonic Equation + +All the spaces of finite elements, $V_h$, constructed so far are useless for equations of order $2m > 2$, since $V_h \not\subset H^m(\Omega)$. According to Example 6.2.5, in order to have $V_h \subset H^2(\Omega)$ it is necessary that not only the function $u$ but also its derivatives $u_{x_i}$ change continuously between elements. The ansatz functions must therefore be piecewise smooth and globally in $C^1(\Omega)$. + +As a model problem we introduce the one-dimensional biharmonic equation + +$u''''(x) = g(x)$ for $0 < x < 1$, $u(0) = u'(0) = u(1) = u'(1) = 0$ + +which becomes in its weak formulation + +$a(u,v)=f(v)$ for all $v\in H_0^2(0,1)$, where +$a(u,v)=\int_0^1 u''v''\,dx,\quad f(v)=\int_0^1 gv\,dx.$ $\quad (8.5.4)$ + +Divide the interval $\Omega=(0,1)$ into equal subintervals of length h. Piecewise linear functions (cf. Figure 8.3.1) can be viewed as linear spline functions, so that it is natural to define $V_{h}$ as the space of cubic splines (with $u=u'=0$ for x=0 and x=1) (cf. Stoer [1, §2.4] and Stoer-Bulirsch [1, §2.4]). We can take as basis functions B-splines, whose supports in general consist of four subintervals (cf. Figure 1). Since cubic spline functions belong to $C^{2}(0,1)$, they are not just in $H_{0}^{2}(0,1)$, but even in $H^{3}(0,1)\cap H_{0}^{2}(0,1)$. + + + +Figure 8.5.1. B-spline + +Simpler yet than working with spline functions is to use cubic Hermite interpolation: + +$V_{h}:=\{u\in C^{1}(0,1)\colon u \text{ cubic on each subinterval}$, + +$u(0) = u'(0) = u(1) = u'(1) = 0$. $\quad$ (8.5.5) + diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00082.md b/markdowns/education_math_00082.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..c9ca869e9ceca0b162e43aea20e28557f3ba6c96 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00082.md @@ -0,0 +1,149 @@ +uniformly, 86, 87, 88, 89, 104, 145, 147, 148, 149, 150, 155, 222, 229, 276, 277 + +V-. See Bilinear form, 248, 256, 280, 285, 289, 293 + +Embedding + +compact, 135, 136, 142, 143, 150, 153, 171, 186, 253, 256 + +continuous, 11$, 131, 133, 134, 136, 137, 141, 143, 171, 185, 253, 256 + +dense, 131, 133, 134, 137, 141, 171, 253, 256 + +Error estimates + +for difference methods, 190, 238, 239 + +for eigenvalue problems, 260, 263, 264 + +for finite element methods, 185, +190, 193, 196, 246, 266, 297, +298 + +for Ritz-Galerkin methods, 167 + +Estimate. See Error estimate, inverse estimate + +Existence. See Solution + +Extension. See Bilinear form, operator + +of a function, 123, 129, 215, 237 +Extrapolation (method), 61, 84 + +Finite elements, 171, 172, 174, 251, 254 + +constant + +(bi)cubic, 182, 194, 195, 196, 296 + +(bi)linear, 172, 174, 175, 178, 179 +182, 183, 185, 190, 194, 199, +204, 246, 247, 252, 295, 296 + +isoparametric, 198, 247 + +mixed, 290, 299 + +nonconformal, 199, 200, 291 + +of the serendipity class, 181, 182, 193 + +quadratic, 181, 182, 193 + +Finite element method, 24 + +Five-point formula, 40, 41, 53, 60, 62, 92, 176, 190, 231 + +Form. See Bilinear form, dual form, sesquilinear form + +Fourier expansion, 9 + +Fourier transform, 110, 119, 120, 124, 125, 126, 135, 213 + +Functional, 132, 140, 146, 152 + +Fundamental solution, 16, 17, 28 + +Galerkin method. See Ritz-Galerkin, Petrov-Galerkin + +Gårding, Theorem of, 150 + +Gel'fand triple, 41, 133, 134, 136, 141, 163, 207, 253 + +Gerschgorin, Theorem of, 46, 48 + +Gradient, 15 + +Green’s formula, 15, 29, 144, 153 + +Green's function of the first kind, +28, 29, 30, 31, 33, 34, 95, 105, +144 + +discrete, 55, 72, 95 + +Green's function of the second kind, 35 + +Grid, 39, 40, 226 + +Grid function, 39, 44 + +Grid points +close to the boundary, 63, 79, 83 +far from the boundary, 42, 63, 79 +neighbouring, 41, 42, 45, 80 + +Grid size (width, step size), 39 + +Harmonic, 13, 15, 16, 19, 20, 22, 23, 24, 25, 144 + +Harnack, Theorem of, 20 + +Heat equation, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10 + +Helmholtz equation, 147, 154, 208 + +Hilbert space, 110, 114, 115, 117, 122, 132, 134, 279, 289 + +Hölder continuous, 29, 30, 110, 123, 125 + +Hyperbolic, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 248 + +Improperly posed. See Well-posed Inclusion, 135, 136, 142 + +Initial-boundary value problem, 8, +9, 207 + +Initial value problem, 2, 3, 7, 8, 9, 38 + +Instationary problem, 10, 11 + +Integral equation method, 36, 37 + +Interpolation, 84, 124 +Hermite, 194, 196, 207 +spline, 194, 196, 207 + +Inverse estimate, 206, 227, 240, 293 + +Irreducible, 45, 54 + +Irreducibly diagonally dominant. See Diagonally dominant + +Lagrangian (factor), 184, 290 + +Lamé differential equations, 277 + +Laplace equation (of potential equations), 2, 12 + +Laplace operator, 12, 14, 131, 176 + +Lexicographical ordering. See Ordering + +Lipschitz continuity, 23, 30 + +Map, mapping. See Operator + +Mass matrix, 205 + diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00083.md b/markdowns/education_math_00083.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..43ffb702341a3ec4ecf27b3818a7ef6689257c88 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00083.md @@ -0,0 +1,30 @@ +$\|(I-\hat{S}_h)^*\|_{H_*^{2-t}(\Omega)'\leftarrow V'} = \|I-\hat{S}_h\|_{V\leftarrow H_*^{2-t}(\Omega)} \leq C_\beta h^{1-t}.$ + +As in (19d) one shows that $\|I-S_h\|_{H^t(\Omega)\leftarrow V}\leq Ch^{1-t}$. Combining this with $\|I-S_h\|_{V\leftarrow H^s(\Omega)\cap V}\leq Ch^{s-1}$ (cf. (11$^\prime$)) there follows (21), and thus (20). $\blacksquare$ + +For nonlinear boundary value problems, estimates of the errors in terms of other norms (e.g., $L^{\infty}(\Omega)$, $L^{p}(\Omega)$) are of interest. For this we refer to Ciarlet [1. §3.3] and Schatz [1]. + +## 8.5 Generalisations + +## 8.5.1 Error Estimates for Other Elements + +The estimates for the errors for linear functions on triangular elements proved in Section 8.4 are also true for bilinear functions on parallelograms and for combinations of both sorts of elements (cf. Section 8.3.7). The proofs are along analogous lines. Even for tetrahedral elements in a three-dimensional region $\Omega\subset IR^{3}$ the same results can be carried over. For the proof one notices that $u\in H^{2}(\varOmega)$ has well-defined nodal values $u(\mathbf{x}^{t})$ even for $\Omega\subset \mathbb{R}^{3}$, since 2>n/2 (n=3, dimension of $\varOmega$; cf. Theorem 6.2.30). + +For quadratic elements (cf. Section 8.3.4) one expects a correspondingly improved order of convergence. In general one can show the following: If the ansatz function is, in each $T_{i} \in \tau$, a polynomial of degree $k \geq 1$ (i.e., $ u(\mathbf{x}) = \sum_{|\nu| \leq k} a_{\nu} \mathbf{x}^{\nu} $ on $T_{i}$), then + +$d(u,V_h)=\inf\{|u-v|_1:v\in V_h\}\le Ch^k|u|_{k+1}\text{ for all }u\in H^{k+1}(\Omega)\cap V\quad(8.5.1)$ + +(cf. Ciarlet [1, Theorem 3.2.1]). If one uses parallelograms as a basis and uses ansatz functions that are polynomials of degree at least k, then (1) also holds. For example, biquadratic elements and quadratic ansatz functions of the serendipity class fulfil this requirement for k=2. The result corresponding to Theorem 8.4.6 follows from Theorem 8.2.1: + +Theorem 8.5.1. Let $V_h$ fulfil (1), and let the bilinear form satisfy (1.2) and (1.12) with $\epsilon_n := \epsilon_h \ge \tilde{\epsilon} > 0$. Assume problem (1.1) has a solution $u \in V \cap H^{k+1}(\Omega)$. Then the finite-element solution $u^h \in V_h$ satisfies the inequality + +$|u - u^h|_1 \leq Ch^k |u|_{k+1}.$ (8.5.2) + +The Ritz projection satisfies $\|I-S_{h}\|_{V\leftarrow H^{k+1}(\Omega)\cap V}\leq Ch^{k}$ + +The estimate (4.9) now holds for $s \in [1, k]$ if $u \in H^s(\Omega) \cap V$. With suitable regularity conditions, there are, as in Theorem 8.4.11, the error estimates + +$|u - u^h|_0 \leq Ch^{k+1}|u|_{k+1}, \quad \text{(8.5.3a)}$ + +$||u-u^{h}||_{H^{k-1}(\Omega^{\prime})}\leq C h^{2k}|u|_{k+1}. \quad \text{(8.5.3b)}$ + diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00084.md b/markdowns/education_math_00084.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..be5ea003cb8079c6be191599b4edcf59fac0cf8f --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00084.md @@ -0,0 +1,36 @@ +(b) Conversely, let $u \in H^1(\Omega)$ and $u|_{\Gamma} = 0$. The proof that $u \in H_0^1(\Omega)$ can be divided up as follows: + +(ba) By using the partition of unity over $\{U^i: 0 \le i \le N\}$ (cf. Lemma 37), the statement reduces to the case $\Omega = \mathbb{R}^n_+$. + +(bb) Without loss of generality one can assume $n = 1$: $\Omega = \mathbb{R}_+$. + +(bc) According to Remark 14, for each $\epsilon > 0$ there exists a $\tilde{u}_\epsilon \in C^\infty(\mathbb{R}_+)$ with finite support such that $|u - \tilde{u}_\epsilon|_1 \leq \eta/2$. For each $\eta > 0$ there exists $\varphi_\eta \in C^\infty(\mathbb{R}_+)$ with + +$\varphi_{\eta}(x)=0\quad\text{for }x\leq\eta/2,\quad\varphi_{\eta}(x)=1\quad\text{for }x\geq\eta,$ + +$|\varphi_{\eta}'(x)| \leq 3/\eta, \quad 0 \leq \varphi_{\eta}(x) \leq 1.$ + +The function $ u_{\epsilon} := \tilde{u}_{\epsilon} - (1 - \varphi_{1})\tilde{u}_{\epsilon}(0) $ satisfies $ u_{\epsilon} \in C^{\infty}(\mathbb{R}_{+}) $, $ u_{\epsilon}(0) = 0 $, $ \text{supp}(u_{\epsilon}) $ finite, and $ |u - u_{\epsilon}|_{1} \leq C \epsilon $. Thus $ X := \{ v \in C^{\infty}(\mathbb{R}_{+}) : v(0) = 0 $, $ \text{supp}(v) $ finite is dense in $ \{ u \in H^{1}(\mathbb{R}_{+}) : u(0) = 0 \} $. + +(bd) The statement would be proved if $C_0^\infty(\mathbb{R}_+)$ were also dense in $X$ with respect to $|\cdot|_1$. Let $v\in X$. Evidently, $v_\eta:=\varphi_\eta v\in C_0^\infty(\mathbb{R}_+)$ holds for all $\eta>0$. Set $\Theta(\eta):=\|v'\|_{L^2(0,\eta)}$ and note that $\Theta(\eta)\to 0$ for $\eta\to 0$. Since $v(x)=v_\eta(x)$ for $x\geq \eta$, it remains to estimate the variables $\|v-v_\eta\|_{L^2(0,\eta)}$ and $\|v'-v_\eta'\|_{L^2(0,\eta)}$. Because of $v_\eta'-v'=\varphi_\eta'v+(\varphi_\eta-1)v'$, one obtains + +$\|v_{\eta}^{\prime}-v^{\prime}\|_{L^{2}(0,\eta)}\leq\|\varphi_{n}^{\prime}\|_{L^{\infty}(0,\eta)}\|v\|_{L^{2}(0,\eta)}+\|\varphi_{n}-1\|_{L^{\infty}(0,\eta)}\|v^{\prime}\|_{L^{2}(0,\eta)}$ +$\leq(3/\eta)\|v\|_{L^{2}(0,\eta)}+\Theta(\eta).$ + +Since $v(x) = \int_0^x v'(\xi)\,d\xi$, (5b) implies the estimate $|v(x)| \leq \sqrt{\eta}\Theta(\eta)$ for all $0 \leq x \leq \eta$, and hence $\|v\|_{L^2(0,\eta)} \leq \eta\Theta(\eta)$. Then the statement follows from $|v - v_n|_1^2 \leq \|v - v_n\|_{L^2(0,\eta)}^2 + \|v' - v_n'\|_{L^2(0,\eta)}^2 \leq C\Theta^2(\eta) \to 0$.$\quad\blacksquare$ + +When $\Omega \in C^1$, the normal direction $\mathbf{n}$ exists at all boundary points. Analogously to Theorem 42 one proves + +Corollary 6.2.43. For $\Omega \in C^1$ and $k \in \mathbb{N}$ holds + +$H_0^k(\Omega) = \{u \in H^k(\Omega): \partial^l u/\partial n^l|_\Gamma = 0 \text{ for } 0 \leq l \leq k-1\}$ +$= \{u \in H^k(\Omega): D^\alpha u|_\Gamma = 0 \text{ for } 0 \leq |\alpha| \leq k-1\}.$ + +## 6.3 Dual Spaces + +## 6.3.1 Dual Space of a Normed Space + +Let $X$ be a normed, linear space over $\mathbb{R}$. As a dual space, $X'$ denotes the space of all bounded, linear mappings of $X$ onto $\mathbb{R}$: + +$X' := L(X, \mathbb{R}).$ + diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00085.md b/markdowns/education_math_00085.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..4f30b8efc75de39f39177c7eaa0a189bdaa7b0f4 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00085.md @@ -0,0 +1,44 @@ +## 矩阵与方程组 + + + +求解线性方程组或许是数学问题中最重要的问题.超过75%的科学研究和工程应用中的数学问题,在某个阶段都涉及求解线性方程组.利用新的数学方法,通常可将较为复杂的问题化为线性方程组.线性方程组广泛应用于商业、经济学、社会学、生态学、人口统计学、遗传学、电子学、工程学以及物理学等领域.因此,本书从讨论线性方程组开始应当是合适的. + +## 1.1 线性方程组 + +形如 + +$a_1x_1 + a_2x_2 + \cdots + a_nx_n = b$ + +的方程称为含有 $n$ 个未知量的线性方程,其中 $a_1$,$a_2$,$\cdots$,$a_n$ 和 $b$ 为实数,$x_1$,$x_2$,$\cdots$,$x_n$ 称为变量. 含有 $m$ 个方程和 $n$ 个未知量的线性方程组定义为 + +$$a_{11}x_{1} + a_{12}x_{2} + \cdots + a_{1n}x_{n} = b_{1} \\ +a_{21}x_{1} + a_{22}x_{2} + \cdots + a_{2n}x_{n} = b_{2} \\ +\vdots \\ +a_{m1}x_{1} + a_{m2}x_{2} + \cdots + a_{mn}x_{n} = b_{m} \tag{1}$$ + +其中 $a_{ij}$ 及 $b_{i}$ 均为实数。(1)称为 $m \times n$ 的线性方程组。下面是几个线性方程组的例子: + +(a)$x_{1}+2x_{2}=5$ + +$2x_{1} + 3x_{2} = 8$ + +(b)$x_{1}-x_{2}+x_{3}=2$ + +$2x_1 + x_2 - x_3 = 4$ + +(c) $x_1 + x_2 = 2$ + +$x_{1}-x_{2}=1$ + +$x_1 = 4$ + +方程组(a)称为 $2 \times 2$ 的方程组,(b)称为 $2 \times 3$ 的方程组,(c)称为 $3 \times 2$ 的方程组. + +若有序 $n$ 元组 $(x_1, x_2, \cdots, x_n)$ 满足方程组中的所有方程,则称其为 $m \times n$ 的方程组的解.例如,有序数对 $(1, 2)$ 为方程组 (a) 的解,因为 + +$1\cdot(1)+2\cdot(2)=5$ + +$2\cdot(1)+3\cdot(2)=8$ + +有序三元组(2,0,0)为方程组(b)的解,因为 diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00086.md b/markdowns/education_math_00086.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..4c0dd5e00ce469e9773fba2e55288604dd40e6ea --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00086.md @@ -0,0 +1,54 @@ +这和 $x_1, \cdots, x_r$ 线性无关矛盾. 因此, $r$ 必等于 $k$. + +定义 若存在一个非奇异的矩阵 $X$ 和一个对角矩阵 $D$,使得 $n \times n$ 矩阵 $A$ 满足 + +$X^{-1}AX = D$ + +则称 $A$ 为可对角化的(diagonalizable). 称 $X$ 将 $A$ 对角化(diagonalize). + +定理 6.3.2 一个 $n \times n$ 矩阵 $A$ 是可对角化的,当且仅当 $A$ 有 $n$ 个线性无关的特征向量。 + +证 假设矩阵 $A$ 有 $n$ 个线性无关的特征向量 $x_1, x_2, \cdots, x_n$. 对每一个 $i$, 令 $\lambda_i$ 为 $A$ 的对应于 $x_i$ 的特征值. (某些 $\lambda_i$ 可能相等.) 令 $X$ 为一个矩阵, 对 $j=1, \cdots, n$, 其第 $j$ 列向量为 $x_j$. 由此可得, $Ax_j = \lambda_j x_j$, 为 $AX$ 的第 $j$ 个列向量. 因此 + +$$ +\begin{aligned} +A X & = \left( A x_{1}, A x_{2}, \cdots, A x_{n} \right) \\ +& = \left( \lambda_{1} x_{1}, \lambda_{2} x_{2}, \cdots, \lambda_{n} x_{n} \right) \\ +& = \left( x_{1}, x_{2}, \cdots, x_{n} \right) +\begin{bmatrix} +\lambda_{1} & & & \\ +& \lambda_{2} & & \\ +& & \ddots & \\ +& & & \lambda_{n} +\end{bmatrix} \\ +& = X D +\end{aligned} +$$ + +由于 $X$ 有 $n$ 个线性无关的列向量,可得 $X$ 为非奇异的,因此 + +$D = X^{-1} X D = X^{-1} A X$ + +反之,假设 $A$ 为可对角化的,则存在一个非奇异矩阵 $X$,使得 $AX = XD$。若 $x_1, x_2, \cdots, x_n$ 为 $X$ 的列向量,则对每一 $j$, + +$Ax_j = \lambda_j x_j \qquad (\lambda_j = d_{ij})$ + +因此,对每一 $j$,$\lambda_j$ 为 $A$ 的特征值,且 $x_j$ 为 $A$ 的属于 $\lambda_j$ 的特征向量.由于 $X$ 的列向量是线性无关的,因此 $A$ 有 $n$ 个线性无关的特征向量. + +注 1. 若 A 为可对角化的,则对角化矩阵 X 的列向量为 A 的特征向量,且 D 的对角元素为 A 相应的特征值. + +2. 对角化矩阵 X 不是唯一的。把给定对角化矩阵 X 的各列重新排列,或将它们乘以一个非零标量,将得到一个新的对角化矩阵。 + +3. 若 $A$ 为 $n \times n$ 的,且 $A$ 有 $n$ 个不同的特征值,则 $A$ 可对角化. 若特征值不全相异,则 $A$ 是否可以对角化取决于 $A$ 是否有 $n$ 个线性无关的特征向量. + +4. 若 $A$ 为可对角化的, 则 $A$ 可分解为乘积 $XDX^{-1}$. + +从注 4 中可得 + +$A^2 = (XDX^{-1})(XDX^{-1}) = XD^2X^{-1}$ + +且一般地, + +$A^k = XD^kX^{-1}$ +$\\\quad= X \begin{bmatrix} (\lambda_1)^k & & & \\ & (\lambda_2)^k & & \\ & & \ddots & \\ & & & (\lambda_n)^k \end{bmatrix} X^{-1}$ + diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00087.md b/markdowns/education_math_00087.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..65fc83097480e8445248f0a2afb3b0e256fd0786 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00087.md @@ -0,0 +1,95 @@ +Modeling and Text Retrieval, SIAM, Philadelphia, 1999. + +2. Langville, Amy N., and Carl D. Meyer, Google’s PageRank and Beyond: The Science of Search Engine Rankings, Princeton University Press, 2012. + +## 1.3 节练习 + +1. 设 + +$A = \begin{bmatrix}{{{3}}}&{{{1}}}&{{{4}}} \\{{{-2}}}&{{{0}}}&{{{1}}} \\{{{1}}}&{{{2}}}&{{{2}}}\end{bmatrix} \quad 和 \quad B = \begin{bmatrix}{{{1}}}&{{{0}}}&{{{2}}} \\{{{-3}}}&{{{1}}}&{{{1}}} \\{{{2}}}&{{{-4}}}&{{{1}}}\end{bmatrix}$ + +求: + +(a) $2A$ + +(b)$A+B$ + +(c) $2A - 3B$ + +(d)$(2A)^{\mathrm{T}}-(3B)^{\mathrm{T}}$ + +(e) $AB$ + +(f)BA + +$(g)A^{\mathrm{T}}B^{\mathrm{T}}$ + +(h)$(BA)^{\mathrm{T}}$ + +2. 对下列每一对矩阵,确定是否可以用第一个矩阵乘以第二个矩阵,如果可以,求它们的乘积. + +(a)$\begin{bmatrix}3&5&1\\ -2&0&2\end{bmatrix}\begin{bmatrix}2&1\\ 1&3\\ 4&1\end{bmatrix}$ + +(b)$\begin{bmatrix}4&-2\\ 6&-4\\ 8&-6\end{bmatrix}$ $\begin{bmatrix}1&2&3\end{bmatrix}$ + +(c)$\begin{bmatrix}1&4&3\\ 0&1&4\\ 0&0&2\end{bmatrix}$ $\begin{bmatrix}3&2\\ 1&1\\ 4&5\end{bmatrix}$ + +(d)$\begin{bmatrix}4&6\\ 2&1\end{bmatrix}$ $\begin{bmatrix}3&1&5\\ 4&1&6\end{bmatrix}$ + +(e)$\begin{bmatrix}4&6&1\\ 2&1&1\end{bmatrix}$ $\begin{bmatrix}3&1&5\\ 4&1&6\end{bmatrix}$ + +(f)$\begin{bmatrix}2\\-1\\3\end{bmatrix}$$\begin{bmatrix}3&2&4&5\end{bmatrix}$ + +3. 对练习 2 中的每一对矩阵,是否可以用第二个矩阵乘以第一个矩阵?它们的乘积的维数是多少? +4. 将下列方程组写为矩阵方程的形式。 + +(a) $3x_1 + 2x_2 = 1$ + +$2x_1 - 3x_2 = 5$ + +(b) $x_1 + x_2 = 5$ + +$2x_1 + x_2 - x_3 = 6$ + +$3x_1 - 2x_2 + 2x_3 = 7$ + +(c) $2x_1 + x_2 + x_3 = 4$ + +$x_1 - x_2 + 2x_3 = 2$ + +$3x_1 - 2x_2 - x_3 = 0$ + +5. 设 + +$A = \begin{bmatrix} 3 & 4 \\ 1 & 1 \\ 2 & 7 \end{bmatrix}$ + +验证: + +(a)$5A=3A+2A$ + +(b)$6A=3(2A)$ + +(c) $(A^T)^T = A$ + +6. 设 + +$A=\begin{bmatrix}{{{4}}}&{{{1}}}&{{{6}}} \\{{{2}}}&{{{3}}}&{{{5}}}\end{bmatrix}\quad及\quad B=\begin{bmatrix}{{{1}}}&{{{3}}}&{{{0}}} \\{{{-2}}}&{{{2}}}&{{{-4}}}\end{bmatrix}$ + +验证: + +(a)$A+B=B+A$ + +(b)$3(A+B)=3A+3B$ + +(c)$(A+B)^{\mathrm{T}}=A^{\mathrm{T}}+B^{\mathrm{T}}$ + +7. 设 + +$A = \begin{bmatrix}{{{2}}}&{{{1}}} \\{{{6}}}&{{{3}}} \\{{{-2}}}&{{{4}}}\end{bmatrix} \quad 及 \quad B = \begin{bmatrix}{{{2}}}&{{{4}}} \\{{{1}}}&{{{6}}}\end{bmatrix}$ + +验证: + +(a) $3(AB) = (3A)B = A(3B)$ + +(b)$(AB)^{\top}=B^{\top}A^{\top}$ + diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00088.md b/markdowns/education_math_00088.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..b1277d325170cb21c4b85a5224b60566d93971ac --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00088.md @@ -0,0 +1,46 @@ +时,最小二乘问题将有无穷多解. 下面的定理说明 $A^+b$ 不仅是一个解,而且也是相应于 2-范数的最小解. + +定理 7.7.1 若 A 是一个秩为 r < n 的 $m \times n$ 矩阵,其奇异值分解为 $U \Sigma V^{T}$,则向量 + +$x = A^+ b = V \Sigma^+ U^\top b$ + +最小化 $\| b - Ax \|_2^2$。此外,若 $z$ 为任何其他使得 $\| b - Ax \|_2^2$ 最小化的向量,则 $\| z \|_2 > \| x \|_2$。 + +证 令 x 为 $R^{n}$ 中的一个向量,并定义 + +$c = U^{T} b = \begin{bmatrix} c_{1} \\ c_{2} \end{bmatrix} \quad 和 \quad y = V^{T} x = \begin{bmatrix} y_{1} \\ y_{2} \end{bmatrix}$ + +其中 $c_{1}$ 和 $y_{1}$ 为 $R^{r}$ 中的向量.由于 $U^{T}$ 是正交的,可得 + +$$ +\begin{aligned} +\| \mathbf { b } - A \mathbf { x } \| _ { 2 } ^ { 2 } & = \| U ^ { \mathrm { T } } \mathbf { b } - \Sigma ( V ^ { \mathrm { T } } \mathbf { x } ) \| _ { 2 } ^ { 2 } \\ +& = \| \mathbf { c } - \Sigma \mathbf { y } \| _ { 2 } ^ { 2 } \\ +& = \left\| \left[ \begin{array} { l } { { \mathbf { c } _ { 1 } } } \\ { { \mathbf { c } _ { 2 } } } \end{array} \right] - \left[ \begin{array} { l l } { { \Sigma _ { 1 } } } & { { O } } \\ { { O } } & { { O } } \end{array} \right] \left[ \begin{array} { l } { { \mathbf { y } _ { 1 } } } \\ { { \mathbf { y } _ { 2 } } } \end{array} \right] \right\| _ { 2 } ^ { 2 } \\ +& = \left\| \left[ \begin{array} { l } { { \mathbf { c } _ { 1 } - \Sigma _ { 1 } \mathbf { y } _ { 1 } } } \\ { { \mathbf { c } _ { 2 } } } \end{array} \right] \right\| _ { 2 } ^ { 2 } \\ +& = \| \mathbf { c } _ { 1 } - \Sigma _ { 1 } \mathbf { y } _ { 1 } \| _ { 2 } ^ { 2 } + \| \mathbf { c } _ { 2 } \| _ { 2 } ^ { 2 } +\end{aligned} +$$ + +由于 $c_2$ 和 $x$ 线性无关,可得 $\| b - Ax \|^2$ 取得最小值的充要条件为 + +$\| c_1 - \Sigma_1 y_1 \| = 0$ + +因此 $x$ 为最小二乘问题的解的充要条件是 $x = Vy$,其中 $y$ 为一个向量,形如 + +$\begin{bmatrix} \Sigma_1^{-1} c_1 \\ y_2 \end{bmatrix}$ + +特别地, + +$$\begin{aligned} \boldsymbol { x } & = V \left[ \begin{array} { c } { { \Sigma _ { 1 } ^ { - 1 } \boldsymbol { c } _ { 1 } } } \\ { { \boldsymbol { 0 } } } \end{array} \right] \\ & = V \left[ \begin{array} { l l } { { \Sigma _ { 1 } ^ { - 1 } } } & { { O } } \\ { { O } } & { { O } } \end{array} \right] \left[ \begin{array} { c } { { \boldsymbol { c } _ { 1 } } } \\ { { \boldsymbol { c } _ { 2 } } } \end{array} \right] \\ & = V \Sigma ^ { + } U ^ { \mathrm { T } } \boldsymbol { b } \\ & = A ^ { + } \boldsymbol { b } \end{aligned}$$ + +是一个解.若 $z$ 为任何其他的解,则 $z$ 必形如 + +$z = V y = V \begin{bmatrix} \Sigma_{1}^{-1} c_{1} \\ y_{2} \end{bmatrix}$ + +其中 $y_2 \neq 0$. 由此可得 + +$\| \mathbf{z} \|^{2} = \| \mathbf{y} \|^{2} = \| \Sigma_{1}^{-1} \mathbf{c}_{1} \|^{2} + \| \mathbf{y}_{2} \|^{2} > \| \Sigma_{1}^{-1} \mathbf{c}_{1} \|^{2} = \| \mathbf{x} \|^{2}$ + +若 A 的奇异值分解 $U \Sigma V^{T}$ 是已知的,则求最小二乘问题的解是一个简单的问题。若 + diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00089.md b/markdowns/education_math_00089.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..d49a59a9e3d800b79f5ca1a4dfa525ad76aad871 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00089.md @@ -0,0 +1,48 @@ +$$Q = \begin{bmatrix} 0.000 & 0.594 & 0.327 & 0.000 & 0.100 & 0.000 & 0.147 & 0.154 \\ 0.000 & 0.000 & 0.000 & 0.000 & 0.000 & 0.500 & 0.442 & 0.309 \\ 0.539 & 0.396 & 0.436 & 0.574 & 0.400 & 0.000 & 0.442 & 0.463 \\ 0.647 & 0.495 & 0.327 & 0.344 & 0.400 & 0.400 & 0.442 & 0.309 \\ 0.000 & 0.000 & 0.000 & 0.000 & 0.300 & 0.000 & 0.590 & 0.463 \\ 0.000 & 0.000 & 0.000 & 0.000 & 0.400 & 0.600 & 0.000 & 0.309 \\ 0.000 & 0.000 & 0.546 & 0.229 & 0.300 & 0.300 & 0.000 & 0.154 \\ 0.539 & 0.297 & 0.327 & 0.229 & 0.400 & 0.200 & 0.147 & 0.154 \\ 0.000 & 0.000 & 0.000 & 0.574 & 0.100 & 0.300 & 0.147 & 0.000 \\ 0.000 & 0.396 & 0.436 & 0.344 & 0.400 & 0.100 & 0.000 & 0.463 \end{bmatrix}, \quad x = \begin{bmatrix} 0.000 \\ 0.000 \\ 0.000 \\ 0.000 \\ 0.000 \\ 0.577 \\ 0.577 \\ 0.000 \\ 0.000 \\ 0.577 \end{bmatrix}$$ + +若令 $y = Q^{\top} x$,则 + +$y_i = q_i^\top x = \cos\theta_i$ + +其中 $\theta_{i}$ 为单位向量 x 和 $q_{i}$ 之间的夹角.对我们的例子, + +$\boldsymbol{y}=(0.000,0.229,0.567,0.331,0.635,0.577,0.000,0.535)^{\mathrm{T}}$ + +由于 $y_5 = 0.635$ 为 $y$ 中最接近 1 的元素,这说明搜索向量 $x$ 最接近 $q_5$ 的方向,因此,模块 5 是最匹配搜索标准的一个。接下来最好的匹配为模块 6($y_6 = 0.577$)和 3($y_3 = 0.567$)。若一个文档不包含任何搜索单词,则对应的数据库矩阵的列向量将与搜索向量正交。注意到,模块 1 和 7 不包含三个搜索关键字中的任何一个,因此有 + +$y_1 = q_1^{\mathrm{T}} x = 0$ 和 $y_7 = q_7^{\mathrm{T}} x = 0$ + +这个例子说明了一些数据库搜索的基本思想.利用现代矩阵方法,可以将搜索过程显著改进.我们可以加快搜索速度,并同时纠正由于多义词和同义词而出现的错误.这些新的技术称为潜语义索引(latent semantic indexing,LSI),它依赖于矩阵分解,奇异值分解(singular value decomposition),这方面的内容将在6.5节中讨论. + +还有很多涉及向量间夹角的重要应用.特别地,统计学家用两个向量间夹角的余弦来衡量两个向量之间的相关程度. + +## 应用 2:统计学——相关矩阵和协方差矩阵 + +假设我们要计算一个班级的考试成绩和作业成绩之间的相关程度。作为一个例子,我们考虑马萨诸塞大学达特茅斯分校一个数学班的作业成绩和考试成绩。该班整个学期的作业成绩在表2的第二列中给出,第三列为整个学期两次测验的总成绩,最后一列为期末考试成绩。对每种情况,最好成绩均为200分。最后一行为班级平均分的汇总。 + +表 2 1996 年秋数学成绩 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
学 生成 绩
作业测验期末
S1198200196
S2160165165
S3158158133
+ diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00090.md b/markdowns/education_math_00090.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..041b91b83e01dd16c02461edc53cf4c8d3a03533 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00090.md @@ -0,0 +1,40 @@ +列向量,为区分行向量和列向量,在字母上面加上一水平箭头表示行向量. 也就是说,水平箭头表示水平数组(行向量)而不是垂直数组(列向量). + +例如, + +$\vec{x} = (x_{1}, x_{2}, x_{3}, x_{4}), \boldsymbol{y} = \begin{bmatrix} y_{1} \\ y_{2} \\ y_{3} \\ y_{4} \end{bmatrix}$ + +分别是有 4 项的行向量和列向量. + +给定一个 $m \times n$ 矩阵 $A$,经常会使用它的特定行或列。$A$ 的第 $j$ 个列向量的标准记号为 $a_j$。矩阵 $A$ 的第 $i$ 个行向量没有通用的标准记号。本书中,由于使用水平箭头表示行向量,我们将 $A$ 的第 $i$ 个行向量记为 $\vec{a}_i$。 + +设 $A$ 为一 $m \times n$ 矩阵,则 $A$ 的行向量为 + +$\vec{a}_{i}=(a_{i1},a_{i2},\cdots,a_{in}),\quad i=1,\cdots,m$ + +同时,列向量表示为 + +$a_{j}=\begin{bmatrix}a_{1j}\\a_{2j}\\\vdots\\a_{mj}\end{bmatrix},\quad j=1,\cdots,n$ + +矩阵 A 可以用它的列向量或者行向量表示. + +$A = (a_{1}, a_{2}, \cdots, a_{n}) \quad 或 \quad A = \begin{bmatrix} \vec{a}_{1} \\ \vec{a}_{2} \\ \vdots \\ \vec{a}_{m} \end{bmatrix}$ + +类似地,如果 $B$ 为一 $n \times r$ 矩阵,则 + +$B=(b_1,\ {b}_2,\ \cdots,\ {b}_r)=\begin{bmatrix} \vec{b}_1 \\ \vec{b}_2 \\ \vdots \\ \vec{b}_n \end{bmatrix}$ + +▶例 1 如果 + +$A=\begin{bmatrix}3&2&5\\ -1&8&4\end{bmatrix}$ + +则 + +$\boldsymbol{a}_{1}=\begin{bmatrix}3\\-1\end{bmatrix},\boldsymbol{a}_{2}=\begin{bmatrix}2\\8\end{bmatrix},\boldsymbol{a}_{3}=\begin{bmatrix}5\\4\end{bmatrix}$ + +$\vec{a}_1 = (3,2,5), \vec{a}_2 = (-1,8,4)$ + +## 相等 + +若两个矩阵相等,则它们的维数以及它们对应的元素必相等. + diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00091.md b/markdowns/education_math_00091.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..6f19f2bc21ef861e301d9ebe0b6f34dbcfbe874c --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00091.md @@ -0,0 +1,54 @@ +$m \times n$ 的方程组与此类似. $m \times n$ 的方程组可能相容,也可能不相容. 如果它们相容,则方程组只能是有且只有一个解,或有无穷多个解. 事实上,这就是所有的可能性. 其原因将在 1.2 节中学习行阶梯形方程组时予以讲解. 下面关注的问题是求所给方程组的所有解. 为处理这个问题,首先引入等价方程组(equivalent systems)的概念. + +## 等价方程组 + +考虑两个方程组 + +(a)$3x_{1}+2x_{2}-x_{3}=-2$ + +$x_2 = 3$ + +$2x_3 = 4$ + +(b) $3x_{1}+2x_{2}-x_{3}=-2$ + +$-3x_1 - x_2 + x_3 = 5$ + +$3x_1 + 2x_2 + x_3 = 2$ + +显然,方程组(a)容易求解.因为,由后两个方程容易得到$x_{2}=3$ 和$x_{3}=2$.将这些值代入第一个方程,可得 + +$3x_1 + 2 \cdot 3 - 2 = -2$ + +$x_1 = -2$ + +于是,方程组(a)的解为$(-2,3,2)$。求解方程组(b)似乎不是很容易。其实,方程组(b)与方程组(a)有相同的解。为看清这一点,首先将其前两个方程相加: + +$3x_1 + 2x_2 - x_3 = -2$ + +$\frac{-3x_{1}-x_{2}+x_{3}=5}{x_{2}=3}$ + +若$(x_1, x_2, x_3)$为(b)的解,则它必满足方程组中的所有方程.因此,它必然满足任意两个方程相加后得到的新方程.因此,$x_2$必为3.类似地,$(x_1, x_2, x_3)$必满足第三个方程减去第一个方程后得到的新方程: + +$3x_1 + 2x_2 + x_3 = 2$ + +$\frac{3x_{1}+2x_{2}-x_{3}=-2}{2x_{3}=4}$ + +因此,方程组(b)的解必为方程组(a)的解. 通过类似的讨论,可以证明方程组(a)的解也是方程组(b)的解. 由(a)中的第二个方程减去第一个方程得 + +$x_{2}=3$ + +$\frac{3x_{1}+2x_{2}-x_{3}=-2}{-3x_{1}-x_{2}+x_{3}=5}$ + +然后,将其第一个方程与第三个方程相加: + +$3x_1 + 2x_2 - x_3 = -2$ + +$\frac{2x_3 = 4}{3x_1 + 2x_2 + x_3 = 2}$ + +因此,$(x_1, x_2, x_3)$为(b)的解的充要条件是,它是方程组(a)的解. 即方程组(a)和方程组(b)有相同的解集$\{(-2, 3, 2)\}$. + +定义 若两个含有相同变量的方程组具有相同的解集,则称它们是等价的(equivalent). + +显然,交换方程组中任意两个方程的位置,不会影响方程组的解集.重新排列后的 + diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00092.md b/markdowns/education_math_00092.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..64b1f53c522eca142badb4a0414ecec5558977c5 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00092.md @@ -0,0 +1,52 @@ +$\Sigma^{+}=\left[\begin{array}{c|c} \Sigma_{1}^{-1} & O \\ \hline O & O \end{array}\right]=\left[\begin{array}{ccc|c} \frac{1}{\sigma_{1}} & & & \\ & \ddots & & O \\ & & \frac{1}{\sigma_{r}} & \\ \hline & O & & O \end{array}\right]$ + +方程(1)给出了一个矩阵逆的自然推广。(1)定义的矩阵$A^{+}$称为A的伪逆(pseudoinverse). + +还可利用它的代数性质定义 $A^+$。这些性质在下列四个条件中给出. + +## 彭罗斯条件 + +1. $AXA = A$ + +2. $XAX = X$ + +3.$(AX)^{\mathrm{T}}=AX$ + +4.$(XA)^{\mathrm{T}}=XA$ + +若 $A$ 为一 $m \times n$ 矩阵,则必存在一个唯一的 $n \times m$ 矩阵 $X$ 满足这些条件.事实上,若令 $X = A^+ = V\Sigma^+U^\mathrm{T}$,则容易验证 $X$ 满足所有四个条件,这留给读者作为练习.为证明唯一性,假设 $Y$ 也满足彭罗斯条件.通过使用这些条件,可得 + +$X = XAX \quad (2) \\ +\quad= A^{T} X^{T} X \quad (4) \\ +\quad= (AYA)^{T} X^{T} X \quad (1) \\ +\quad= (A^{T} Y^{T})(A^{T} X^{T}) X \\ +\quad= YAXAX \quad (4) \\ +\quad= YAX \quad (1)$ + +$Y = YAY \quad (2) \\ +\quad= YY^{\mathrm{T}} A^{\mathrm{T}} \quad (3) \\ +\quad= YY^{\mathrm{T}} (AXA)^{\mathrm{T}} \quad (1) \\ +\quad= Y (Y^{\mathrm{T}} A^{\mathrm{T}}) (X^{\mathrm{T}} A^{\mathrm{T}}) \\ +\quad= YAYAX \quad (3) \\ +\quad= YAX \quad (1)$ + +于是,X=Y.因此$A^{+}$为满足这四个条件的唯一矩阵.这些条件通常用于定义伪逆,且$A^{+}$通常称为穆尔-彭罗斯伪逆(Moore-Penrose pseudoinverse). + +为看到伪逆如何用于求解最小二乘问题, 首先考虑 $A$ 是一个秩为 $n$ 的 $m\times n$ 矩阵的情形. 因此, $\Sigma$ 形如 + +$\Sigma=\begin{bmatrix}\Sigma_{1}\\ O\end{bmatrix}$ + +其中 $\Sigma_1$ 为一个非奇异 $n \times n$ 对角矩阵. 矩阵 $A^T A$ 为非奇异的, 且 + +$(A^T A)^{-1} = V(\Sigma^T \Sigma)^{-1} V^T$ + +正规方程的解为 + +$x = (A^T A)^{-1} A^T b$ +$\\\quad= V(\Sigma^T \Sigma)^{-1} V^T V \Sigma^T U^T b$ +$\\\quad= V(\Sigma^T \Sigma)^{-1} \Sigma^T U^T b$ +$\\\quad= V \Sigma^+ U^T b$ +$\\\quad= A^+ b$ + +因此,若 A 为满秩的,则 $A^{+}b$ 为最小二乘问题的解。若 A 的秩 r0$,使得 + +$\left|f(x)-f(y)\right|\leqslant M\left|x-y\right|\quad(a\leqslant x,y\leqslant b).$ + +由此知对$a,b$的任一分划$\Delta:a=x_{0}< x_{1}<\cdots< x_{n}=b$,均有 + +$v_{\Delta} = \sum_{i=1}^{n} |f(x_{i}) - f(x_{i-1})| \leqslant M \sum_{i=1}^{n} |x_{i} - x_{i-1}| = M (b-a).$ + +这说明 $\bigvee_a^b(f)\leqslant M(b-a)$. + +(7)由题设知存在 $M>0$,使得 + +$|f(x) - f(y)| \leqslant M |x - y| \quad (-\infty < x, y < +\infty).$ + +从而对$[a,b]$的任一分划 $\Delta$: $a=x_0< x_1<\cdots< x_n=b$, 我们有 + +$$\begin{aligned} v_{ \Delta } & = \sum _ { i = 1 } ^ { n } | \varphi ( f ( x _ { i } ) ) - \varphi ( f ( x _ { i - 1 } ) ) | \leqslant \sum _ { i = 1 } ^ { n } M \, | f ( x _ { i } ) - f ( x _ { i - 1 } ) | \\ & = M \sum _ { i = 1 } ^ { n } | f ( x _ { i } ) - f ( x _ { i - 1 } ) | \leqslant M \bigvee _ { a } ^ { b } ( f ) . \end{aligned}$$ + +例 3 试证明下列命题: + +(1) 若 $f \in \mathrm{BV}([a, b])$,则 $f(x)$ 几乎处处可微,且 + +$\frac{\mathrm{d}}{\mathrm{d}x}\left( \bigvee_a^x (f) \right) = |f'(x)|, \quad \text{a.\,e.} \, x \in [a,b].$ + +(2) 若 $f \in BV([a,b])$,则(弧长) $l_f \geq \int_a^b \sqrt{1 + [f'(x)]^2} \, dx$. + +证明 (1)(i)根据全变差的定义可知,对任给 $\varepsilon > 0$,存在分划 + +$\Delta: a = x_0 < x_1 < \cdots < x_k = b,$ diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00096.md b/markdowns/education_math_00096.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..c249ae2387ec0f9673916c0de9f56733bb97d130 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00096.md @@ -0,0 +1,37 @@ +## § 2.2 可测集与测度 + +例 1 试证明下列命题: + +(1)设 $E \subset R, 0 \neq \lambda \in R$ 。记 $\lambda E = \{\lambda x : x \in E\}$ 。若 $E \in \mathscr{M}$ ,则 $\lambda E \in \mathscr{M}$ 。 + +(2)设 $E \subset R^{n}$. 若存在 $R^{n}$ 中可测集 A,使得 $m^{*}(E \triangle A) = 0$,则 $E \in M$,且有 $m(E) = m(A)$. + +(3)设 $E \subseteq R^{n}$. 则 $E \in M$ 的充分必要条件是:对任给 $\varepsilon > 0$,存在可测集 A, $B \subseteq R^{n}$: $A \subseteq E \subseteq B$,使得 $m(B \setminus A) < \varepsilon$. + +(4)设 $A_{1}, A_{2} \subset R^{n}, A_{1} \subset A_{2}, A_{1}$ 是可测集且有 $m(A_{1}) = m^{*}(A_{2}) < \infty$,则 $A_{2}$ 是可测集. + +(5)设 $E \subset \mathbf{R}^n$.若对任给 $\varepsilon > 0$,均存在 $A \in \mathscr{M}$,使得 $m^*(E \triangle A) < \varepsilon$,则 $E \in \mathscr{M}$. + +证明 (1)因为对任意的试验集 $T \subset R$,有 + +$T \cap \lambda E = \lambda (\lambda^{-1} T \cap E), \quad T \cap (\lambda E)^{c} = \lambda (\lambda^{-1} T \cap E^{c})$ + +所以可得 + +$$\begin{aligned} m^{*}(T &\cap \lambda E)+m^{*}(T \cap(\lambda E)^{c})\\&=|\lambda|\left[m^{*}\left(\lambda^{-1} T \cap E\right)+m^{*}\left(\lambda^{-1} T \cap E^{c}\right)\right].\end{aligned}$$ + +这说明 $E$ 的可测性等价于 $\lambda E$ 的可测性. + +(2)注意,依题设知 $m^{*}(E\backslash A)=m^{*}(A\backslash E)=0$ ,而我们有 $E=[A\backslash(E\backslash A)]\cup(A\backslash E)$,即得所证. + +(3)只需指出充分性成立即可:对任一试验集 $T \subset \mathbf{R}^n$,我们有 + +$$\begin{aligned} m ^ { * } ( T ) \leqslant & m ^ { * } ( T \cap E ) + m ^ { * } ( T \cap E ^ { c } ) \\ \leqslant & m ^ { * } ( T \cap B ) + m ^ { * } ( T \cap A ^ { c } ) \\ \leqslant & m ^ { * } ( T \cap A ) + m ^ { * } ( T \cap ( B \backslash A ) ) + m ^ { * } ( T \cap A ^ { c } ) \\ = & m ^ { * } ( T ) + m ^ { * } ( T \cap ( B \backslash A ) ) \leqslant m ^ { * } ( T ) + \varepsilon . \end{aligned}$$ + +令 $\varepsilon \to 0$,可知 $m^*(T) = m^*(T \cap E) + m^*(T \cap E^c)$,即 $E$ 可测。 + +(4) 由题设知 + +$\begin{aligned} m(A_{1})=&m^{*}(A_{2})=m^{*}(A_{1}\cup(A_{2}\setminus A_{1}))\\=&m^{*}(A_{1})+m^{*}(A_{2}\setminus A_{1}),\end{aligned}$ + +故可得 $m^*(A_2 \setminus A_1) = 0$. 从而 $A_2 \setminus A_1$ 是可测集, 即 $A_2$ 是可测集. diff --git a/markdowns/education_math_00097.md b/markdowns/education_math_00097.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..7481d2fbbf9f880e562f6c2a2bde0a9aef037883 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_math_00097.md @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ + + +“T”型接头坡口形式 + +“Y”型接头坡口形式 + +“Y”型接头坡口形式 + +管子外径为16in的纵缝坡口形式 + +模拟桩拼接坡口形式 + +说明:用于扫查的板宽应>8in + +图1:超声检验试件的预制形状 + +该 + +报告将作为评分的依据,得分情况由下列公式给出: + +$$P=Lc/La \times 100 \tag*{公式 1}$$ + +$$R=(Lc/Li)(1-Lf/Li)\times100 \tag*{公式2}$$ diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00001.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00001.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..719ba175d8e5ff106469c99d47aa91a2e2647e1d --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00001.md @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +## 精读 + +第一课 鲁迅:深刻与伟大的另一面是平和 ………………… 萧红(1) +第二课 毛泽东:忆往昔,峥嵘岁月稠 ………………… 埃德加·斯诺笔录(24) +第三课 贝多芬:扼住命运的咽喉 ………………… 罗曼·罗兰(42) +第四课 达尔文:兴趣与恒心是科学发现的动力 ………………… 欧文·斯通(61) +第五课 马克思:献身于实现人类理想的社会 +……………………………………………………………… 海因里斯·格姆科夫等(80) + +## 略读 + +第六课 沈从文:逆境也是生活的恩赐 …………………………… 沈从文(101) +第七课 杨振宁:合璧中西科学文化的骄子 ……………………… 吴学东等(116) + diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00002.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00002.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..173b1eaf8454a34689776e829e65ad687b69a356 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00002.md @@ -0,0 +1,58 @@ +food?等问题先在小组内交流,再请各小组派代表在全班同学面前汇报。 + +## Tips: + +1. 教师可在此环节进行科学饮食指导,让学生意识到早餐的重要性和合理搭配膳食的重要性。 + +2. 在小组汇报环节,教师可以请学生关注:谁的“早餐菜单”最合理、最值得我们借鉴,潜移默化培养学生学习他人长处的意识。 + +## C. Read and number. + +1. 读前:预测内容,明确任务 + +请学生观察课本第25页C项的图片,并提问:Look at the pictures. What food do you see? What food do you think is being made? How is it made? 教师可以鼓励学生根据图片,用自己的语言说说图中食物的制作流程(相信大多数学生能够根据图片判断出这是在做三明治,且应该有一部分学生能借助图片,用自己的语言简单说明其制作过程)。 + +2. 读中:完成排序任务 + +教师给予学生较充分的时间,请学生阅读文字,并依据文字信息对图片排序,从而验证自己在读图环节的预测和口头描述是否准确。对于生词(如:a piece of, top,enjoy 等词汇),教师可鼓励学生根据上下文及图片进行猜测。 + +3. 读后:订正答案 + +请学生与同桌讨论和交流答案;然后全班集体订正答案。 + +4. 模拟制作 + +教师可准备不同颜色的纸代替sandwich 的原材料,如:白色代表bread,红色代表tomato,黄色代表egg,褐色代表meat,绿色代表vegetables等,请学生边拼摆边用英语描述制作过程。 + +Tip: 在此环节,教师可酌情开展“真实制作”或“模拟制作”活动。但最主要的是在此过程中鼓励学生边制作边用First,Next,Then和Last等词汇引导的句子有序表达制作流程。 + +## D. Let's write. + +1. 口头描述 + +请学生在刚才陈述三明治制作流程的基础上,说一说自己拿手的食物的制作过程。 + +2. 明确制作流程的写作结构 + +教师引导学生再次阅读C项的文本,观察其结构: + +First, ... + +Next, ... + +Then, ... + +Last,... + +Your ... is ready. Enjoy! + +即,用序数词引导的几组祈使句,加一到两句结语,即可说明食物制作的流程。 + +3. 写流程说明 + +此环节可以分层要求:能力强的学生可以选择自己最喜欢或最拿手的菜,介绍其制作步骤;能力有限的学生可以替换C项中的部分原材料,介绍如何制作不同口味的三明治。 + +4. 学生展示 + +教师可以在教室后面设立两个展示区,一个区展示各种口味三明治的制作流程,另一个区展示其他食物的制作流程。 + diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00003.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00003.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..1cde30f92f3cacf50284fbdb8d583ea2b5526642 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00003.md @@ -0,0 +1,48 @@ +## 活动体验 + +1. 围绕《沁园春·长沙》的内容,了解毛泽东青年时代学习、生活的经历,体会诗人的情怀。在把握感情基调的基础上,朗读并背诵这首词。 + +2. 诗歌一般通过意象反映生活,表达情感。请从《相信未来》和《让我们一起奔腾吧》两首诗中选择一两个例子作简要分析。 + +3. 上面三首诗词都带有鲜明的时代印记。请搜集相关资料,探讨这几首诗词分别体现了特定时代的青年什么样的精神风貌。推荐一两首能体现当代青年精神风貌的诗歌,在班级朗诵交流。 + +4. 朗读诗歌要认真准备,在反复吟诵品味中寻找准确表达作品情感与自己阅读感受的声音形式。有兴趣的同学可揣摩《相信未来》的思想感情,结合自己的阅读感受,参照下列“示例”,在这组诗歌中选择部分片段设计“朗读提示”,然后以适当的语气和节奏朗读。 + +## 示例 + +原诗 + +我要用手指那涌向天边的排浪, + +我要用手掌那托住太阳的大海, + +摇曳着曙光那枝温暖漂亮的笔杆,用孩子的笔体写下:相信未来。 + +我之所以坚定地相信未来, + +是我相信未来人们的眼睛—— + +她有拨开历史风尘的睫毛, + +她有看透岁月篇章的瞳孔。 + +朗读提示 + +(语调与前两节明显不同。高昂。豪迈。) + +“手指”后断开。“排浪”,气势壮阔。 + +“手掌”后断开。“大海”,字韵饱满,境界开阔。 + +“曙光”、“笔杆”,重音强调。 + +率真而坚定。“相信未来”字字顿开,高而强,形成高潮。 + +“我”,顿开。“之所以”,重音强调。 + +紧承上句,不宜停顿时间太长。 + +“拨开”,字字饱满。 + +紧承上句,一气贯通。“看透”,重音强调。 + diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00004.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00004.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..73dc0a4103735a9a77296ef05ef427a23da60bf3 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00004.md @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +## 十八岁和其他 + +扬子 + +## 一、十八岁 + +东东:想到今天是你十八岁的生日,我有一份“孩子长大了”的欣慰,也有一份恒水流年的述情。似乎,拖着初生的你到医生处诊治你的“靓肠”,半夜喊破喉咙把医生从睡梦中叫起,那种焦急忧虑、还像是昨天的事。似乎,你刚能坐起,我在院子里为你拍照,假日带你坐在脚踏车前头靠椅上到处炫耀,那种激动喜悦,也还是昨天的事。怎么,昨天和今天,竟是十八年的光阴了!诗人说:“在东方但是晨曦初露,乍回身,已是大啦明亮。”这正可引来描述我突然想起你已十八岁时的心情。你也许会笑我,我就是这样时常还把你看作缠绕身边的孩子呢! + +十八岁有许许多多令人沉湎眷恋的回忆,不知道我对你的爱,十八年来是否夹杂一些不经心的、任性的以及成人对孩子不够了解的苛责,而曾伤你过。我读过一个父亲因对孩子无端发脾气,伤了孩子的心,而事后深表懊悔的文章。一位日本作家也说:“当孩子在身边的时候,多爱他们吧。不要等到不能宠爱他们时再来后悔。”东东,假如人生能够重来一次,我真会情愿溺爱你的! + +① 流沙(台湾散文作家)- 原籍文艺出版社 1998 年版。有改功、杨子 - 著名杨流沙,生于 1923 年,广东梅州人。作品有《泛滥的花女》《盛接的花木》等。 + diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00005.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00005.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..1d0a635204cdb81edf6e8b6face151604bd039ed --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00005.md @@ -0,0 +1,32 @@ +## 向青春举杯 + +活动体验 + +- 吟诵青春 +- 沁园春·长沙/毛泽东/3 +- 相信未来/食指/5 +- *让我们一起奔腾吧/江河/6 +- 体悟人生 +- 十八岁和其他/杨子/11 +- 我的四季/张洁/15 +- 设计未来 +- 青年在选择职业时的考虑(节选)/[德] 马克思/19 +- 我的五样/毕淑敏/24 +- 写作 +- 写作观 你的生活很重要/30 +- 写作指导 激活我们的诗情/31 +- 写作实践/32 + +## 获得教养的途径 + +问题探讨 + +- 求学之道 +- 劝学(节选)/荀子/35 +- 师说/韩愈/37 +- 经典的力量 +- 获得教养的途径/[瑞士] 赫尔曼·黑塞/40 +- 写作 +- 写作指导 鲜明的观点是议论文的灵魂/45 +- 写作实践/46 + diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00006.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00006.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..1ea5993079fede8168b2a794fed1014fcc90252a --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00006.md @@ -0,0 +1,37 @@ + +忆往昔峥嵘岁月稠$^{①}$。 + +恰$^{②}$同学少年, + +风华正茂; + +书生意气, + +挥斥方遒$^{③}$。 + +指点江山, + +激扬文字$^{④}$, + +粪土当年万户侯$^{⑤}$。 + +曾记否, + +到中流击水$^{⑥}$, + +浪遏$^{⑦}$飞舟? + +1925 年 + + + +毛泽东《沁园春·长沙》手迹 + +① [峥嵘岁月稠] 不寻常的日子很多。峥嵘,山势高峻,比喻超越寻常,不平常。稠,多。 +② [恰] 正当,正好。 +③ [书生意气,挥斥方遒(qiú)] 青年学生意气奔放,正强劲有力。书生,读书人,这里指青年学生。意气,意志和气概。挥斥,奔放。遒,强劲有力。 +④ [指点江山,激扬文字] 评论天下大事,用文字来抨击丑恶的现象,赞扬美好的事物。激扬,激浊扬清。 +⑤ [粪土当年万户侯] 视权贵如粪土一般。粪土,把……看作粪土。万户侯,汉代侯爵的最高一级,享有万户农民的赋税,后泛指有高爵显位的人。 +⑥ [击水] 这里指游泳。 +⑦ [遏(è)] 阻止。 + diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00007.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00007.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..e7d0a14d7c90f31fca79dffc2550d70a66108003 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00007.md @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +## 对话栏 + +醒人们的大红公鸡、一条老死窝中的黑狗,每个午后都照在(已经消失的)门框上的那一缕夕阳……是否也与一粒土一样归于沉寂。还有,在它们中间悄无声息度过童年、少年、青年时光的我,他的快乐、孤独、无人感知的惊恐与激动……对于今天的生活,它们是否变得毫无意义。 + +当家园废失,我知道所有回家的脚步都已踏踏实实地迈上了虚无之途。 + +## 文本研习 + +请结合对本专题其他作品的研读,从上面两篇散文中任选一篇在对话框里进行评点,评点时要注意大处着眼,小处落笔,然后将评点和同学交换阅读。 + +## • 积累与应用 + +1. 树灵的《乡土情结》和曹文轩的《前方》引用了许多古代诗文与典故,请你搜集一些中外有关思乡的名言名句,与同学交流。 + +2. 抒情散文重在抒发作者的内心情感,它通过多种艺术手法将一些生活片段及其他材料组织起来,用以表达作者的心情意绪。试以本专题的一些散文作品为例(或可结合自己的阅读积累和写作体会),具体说明。 + +3. 老舍在《想北平》中对北京的一些风俗、特产作了描写,寄托了对故乡的热爱和思念。这是许多以思乡为主题的文学作品常用的手法,如叶圣陶的《藕与莼菜》、孙犁的《乡里旧闻》、汪曾祺的《故乡的食物》等。同学们可以在课后阅读这些作品,加深对这种手法的了解。同时想想自己的家乡都有哪些风俗和特产,对这些风俗和特产,你有什么样的情感体验?请说出来或写下来与同学分享。 + +4. 结合本专题所学作品,和同学交流阅读体会,阐述自己对“家园”的理解,也可以举办以“我的家园”为主题的小型演讲比赛。 + diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00008.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00008.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..1a1a3c5169bc5a2948c062916cee984a1b383d8e --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00008.md @@ -0,0 +1,60 @@ +方》,并把诵读时脑中涌现出的事物或形象记下来,然后连缀成一篇短文,与原诗比较,体会诗歌表达感情的独特效果。 + +3. 朗读中对重音、停顿、语速等声音形式的处理有助于对作品的理解。参照“示例”,为舒婷的《祖国呵,我亲爱的祖国》加上朗读记号,并思考一下每节结尾处的“祖国呵”三个字应该怎样朗读。 + +## 示 例 + +原诗 + +我是你河边上/破旧的老水车,→ + +数百年来/纺着疲惫的歌;→ + +我是你额上/熏黑的矿灯, + +照你在历史的隧洞里/蜗行—摸索;↘ + +我是干瘪的稻穗;是失修的路基; + +是淤滩上的驳船↗ + +把纤绳/深深 + +勒进你的肩膊; + +——祖—国—呵!↘ + +朗读提示 + +用平缓、低沉的语调,表达对祖国数百年来落后状况的痛切感受。 + +语调略高,重音处将声音延长,加强沉重的语气。 + +语速由慢到快,语调逐渐上扬。 + +注意两个叠字的重读,节奏减慢。 + +字字重音,感情饱满,用降调表达发自内心的感叹。 + +常用朗读记号: + +• 重音 + +/ 停顿 + +→ 平行语势 + +↗ 上行语势 + +↘下行语势 + +— 延长 + +## 积累与应用 + +1. 从四首诗中选择两首背诵。 + +2.《肖邦故园》有许多地方对肖邦的音乐进行了文学化的再现和诠释。请仔细品味,看看作者是如何把音乐转换为文字的,并从肖邦的音乐作品中选择一些曲目(如《a小调玛祖卡舞曲》、《g小调第一叙事曲》、《降A大调波洛涅兹舞曲》等)进行欣赏,写下你的感想,与肖邦“促膝谈心”。 + +3. 情与景是密切相关的,“景无情不发,情无景不生”(范晞文),“情、景名为二,而实不可离。神于诗者,妙合无垠。巧者则有情中景,景中情”(王夫之)。本专题散文、诗歌作品中有大量景物描写,找出这些内容,分析它们所传达出的思想感情,并具体说说你对文学作品中景物描写所表现的情景关系的理解。 + diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00009.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00009.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..44b1dfbc84bb9d7e85076c26b57f9953d6cb63d8 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00009.md @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ + +底层的光芒 + +## 品质$^①$ + +[英] 高尔斯华绥 + +我很年轻时就认识他了,因为他承做我父亲的靴子。他和他哥哥合开一家店,店房有两间打通的铺面,开设在一条横街上——这条街现在已经不存在了,但是在那时,它却是坐落在伦敦西区的一条新式街道。 + +那座店铺有种朴素安静的特色,门面上没有注明任何为王公服务的标记,只有包含他自己耳牌号姓氏的 “赫斯拉克兄弟” 的招牌;橱窗里陈列着几双靴子。我还记得,要想说明橱窗里那些靴子为什么老不更换,我总觉得很为难,因为他只承做定货,并不出售现成靴子;要说那些都是他做得不合脚而被退回来的靴子,那似乎是不可想像的。是不是他买了那些靴子来做摆设的呢?这好像也不可思议。把那些不是亲手做的皮靴陈列在自己的店里,他是决不能容忍的。而且,那几双靴子太美观了 —— 有一双轻跳舞靴,细长到非言语所能形容的地步;那双带布口的漆皮靴,叫人看了舍不得离开;还有那双褐色长筒马靴,闪着怪异的黑而亮的光辉,虽然是簇新的,看来好像已经穿过一百年了。只有亲眼看过靴子灵魂的人才能做出那样的靴子 —— 这些靴子体现了各种靴子的本质,确实是模范品。我当然在后来才有这种想法,不过,在我大约十四岁那年,我够资格定做成年人靴子的时候,对他们两兄弟的品格就有了模糊的印 + +①选自《福尔赛世家》序(选自《诺贝尔文学奖文库》,浙江人民出版社 1991 年版)。高尔斯华绥(1867—1933),英国作家,获 1932 年诺贝尔文学奖。作品有《福尔赛世家》等。 + diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00010.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00010.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..f763a934448628f0b7c0c2ee773dd3c4ca32a949 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00010.md @@ -0,0 +1,40 @@ + + +殉道者之歌 + +## 离骚(节选)$^{①}$ + +屈原 + +帝高阳之苗裔兮$^{②}$。 + +朕皇考曰伯庸$^{③}$。 + +摄提贞于孟陬兮, + +惟庚寅吾以降$^{④}$。 + +皇览揆余初度兮, + +肇锡余以嘉名$^{⑤}$。 + +名余曰正则兮, + +字余日灵均$^{⑥}$. [1] + +对话栏 + +[1] 开头八句,叙述高贵的出身、降生的祥瑞和美好的名字,表现出高度的庄重自爱。 + +① 屈原(约前340?- 前278?): 名平,字原。战国时楚国人。中国历史上第一位伟大的诗人。他是楚国贵族,曾任左徒、三闾大夫等职。因主张彰明法度,联齐抗秦而被谤放流。秦兵攻破楚都郢都之后,自沉于汨罗江。今存《离骚》、《天问》、《九歌》、《九章》、《招魂》等作品。前人将其作品编在《楚辞》中。 + +② 「帝高阳之苗裔兮」: 我是古帝高阳氏的子孙。高阳,传说中的上古部族首领颛顼(Zhuān Xū),号高阳氏。相传是楚国王族以及屈、景、昭三大家族的远祖。春秋时,楚武王熊通封子瑕于屈,子瑕的后代以屈为氏,屈原是瑕的后人。苗裔,后代。 + +③ 「朕皇考曰伯庸」: 我伟大的先父叫伯庸。朕,我。古时不论贵贱都可以自称朕,至秦始皇规定为皇帝的自称。皇考,对已死的尊称。皇,大、美。伯庸,屈原父亲的字。 + +④ 「摄提贞于孟陬(zōu)兮,惟庚寅吾以降」: 这两句是说自己出生在寅年寅月寅日。摄提,即摄提格,古代纪年的术语,相当于寅年。贞,正、当。孟陬,夏历正月。也叫寅月。庚寅,庚寅日。降,降生。 + +⑤ 「皇览揆余初度兮,肇锡余以嘉名」: 先父正当我看当初出生的时节……开始就赐给我美好的名字。皇,指皇考。览,观察。揆,度量。初度,出生的时节。肇,始。锡,同“赐”。 + +⑥ 「名余曰正则兮,字余曰灵均」: 起名叫平,字原。正则,公正而有法则,含有“平”字的意思。灵均,形容土地宽舒而平坦,含有“原”字的意思。名,平。字,原。按照古代的礼仪,男子出生三月,父亲命名。待到成人行冠礼时,再赐字。所以,字是以名为基础解释或长兄的意思。 + diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00011.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00011.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..4b8cb97f9a77e7b6af9391607e1e53a73899439c --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00011.md @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +不久的将来可以被克隆,但作为人创造的文化则是永远不可能被克隆的。 + +## 问题探讨 + +1. 阅读(拿来主义)的相关部分,完成下面的表格,并回答问题。 + +
总喻比照对象对待遗产的方式作者评价
得了一所大宅子孱头
昏蛋
废物
“拿来主义”者
+ +联系鲁迅《拿来主义》写作的时代背景,指出“孱头、昏蛋、废物”和“拿来主义”者各自反映了什么样的立场?文章是怎样运用总体设喻和分类相比的方式,把深刻而抽象的道理说得生动形象,易于理解的? + +2. 麦当劳来到中国,它本身起了哪些变化?它又怎样影响了中国人的观念和生活方式?作者分析这些现象的目的是什么?请结合作品,作简要说明。 + +3. 本板块的两篇文章,分别论述了两个不同时代外来文明对中国固有文明的冲击以及所引发的反响或变化。请你结合作品联系实际,谈谈自己的理解。 + +## 积累与应用 + +1. 以社会文化现象的某一方面为研究对象,小组合作,采用问卷调查的方法,搜集有关资料,在此基础上对文化的中与外、古与今、雅与俗之间的影啊与渗透,交流与融合的现象进行分析,并撰写调查报告。 + +## 附:问卷调查方法简介 + +问卷调查是一种常用的搜集信息资料的方法。研究者为了解某些事实、意见或情况,向有关对象发放数张或问卷,要求其填写,然后收回整理研究。 + diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00012.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00012.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..e4d7a445cb50d781580d82648af4958ed4d45fdf --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00012.md @@ -0,0 +1,32 @@ +1. 确定调查的课题 + +可以从教育、文学、艺术、风俗、饮食、旅游、体育等文化现象中选择一个方面,确定一个具体的研究课题。选定课题时,应该先小组充分讨论:选定的问题在文化现象研究的范围内吗?研究这个问题有价值吗?问题是否具体、明确?研究限定在什么是源之内?根据小组人员的精力、能力,所选的研究课题有实施完成的可能吗?所确定的课题可以直接作为问卷的标题,也可以用一个话题来代替,例如“有关影视文化的调查”。 + +示例:国外动画片对滨江市中小学文化影响的情况调查 + +2. 撰写问卷的言 + +问卷开头,要先写一段简要的介绍,说明自己的身份和调查的目的,交代作答的方法和规则,告诉完成问卷的大致时间,强调调查对象的回答对于研究的重要性,还应该消除调查对象的顾虑,鼓励他们积极配合,提供真实的信息。 + +示例:你好!我们是滨江中学高一年级的学生,按照译文教学的要求,就中小学生观看国外动画片的有头情况进行专题社会调查。您不必著书,但您的看法和提供的实际情况对我们获得真实而有效的信息十分重要,它将使汇总、概括写入我们的调查报告。请按照提示在15分钟内选择答案或简要回答。欢迎您的合作! + +3. 编拟问卷项目 + +这是问卷的主要部分。为了提高题目的质量,缩短时应该注意:除了少数几个要求提供期注对象背景信息的题目(如示例①)外,其余题目要与研究的问题直接相关;语言要明确、简洁、易懂,一个题目只能包含一个问题;题目中不能隐含某种导向,不能让调查对象感到难以回答;题目的数量要适度,要让调查对象保持作答的环境和认真态度。题目应以选择期的形式为主(如示例②),供选择的答案应当可以穿尽,各个选项之间不能交叉包容,开放性的题目(如示例③)只能占很小的比例,只有同期答案无法确定时才设计这类题目。 + +示例: + +① 你的身份是() + +A. 小学生 +B. 初中学生 +C. 高中学生 + +②你对国外动压井的态度是() + +A. 总常喜欢看 +B. 比较喜欢看 +C. 不喜欢看 +D. 很不喜欢看 +E. 很不满 + diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00013.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00013.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..eb4bcbd04d39d00e93719df034bd16caf93af0a9 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00013.md @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +kàn tú xiě cí yǔ zài shuō yī liǎng jù huà +看图写词语,再说一两句话。 + + + +## 日积月累 + +zhǒngguā dé guā zhǒngdòu dé dòu +种瓜得瓜,种豆得豆。 + +qián rén zāi shù,hòu rén chéng liáng +前人栽树,后人乘凉。 + +qiān lǐ zhī xíng,shǐ yú zú xià +千里之行,始于足下。 + +bai chi gan tou,geng jin yi bu. + +百尺竿头,更进一步。 + + + + diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00014.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00014.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..c6aa2f69562f3326a56c1590be7168769bb7b28f --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00014.md @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +## ⑭ 小蜗牛 + +zhù +蜗牛一家住在小树林的旁边。 + +hái +春天来了,蜗牛妈妈对小蜗牛说:“孩 +wán ba fā +子,到小树林里去玩吧,小树发芽了。” + +pá ya jiǔ huí +小蜗牛爬呀,爬呀,好久才爬回来。它 +mǎn bì +说:“妈妈,小树长满了叶子,碧绿碧绿的,地上还长着许多草莓呢。” + +ó yǐ jīng +蜗牛妈妈说:“哦,已经是夏天了!快去 +zhāi kē +摘几颗草莓回来。” + +本文作者是俄罗斯的巴乌姆美莉,译者陈玮君、牟正秋,选作课文时有改动 diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00015.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00015.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..b289dfbb7a76584693bced545856fd9345b98219 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00015.md @@ -0,0 +1,52 @@ +## 识字表 + +## 识字 + +tiān dì rén nǐ wǒ tā +1 天 地 人 你 我 他 + +2 yī èr sān sì wǔ shàng xià +一 二 三 四 五 上 下 + +kǒu ěr mù shǒu zú zhàn zuò +3 口 耳 目 手 足 站 坐 + + rì yuè shuǐ huǒ shān shí tián hé +4 日 月 水 火 山 石 田 禾 + +5 duì yún yǔ fēng huā niǎo chóng +对 云 雨 风 花 鸟 虫 + +语文园地一 + +liù qī bā jiǔ shí +六 七 八 九 十 + +## 汉语拼音 + +3 bà mā + 爸 妈 + + mā tǔ bù +4 马 土 不 + +5 huà dǎ +画 打 + + +6 qí jī +棋 鸡 + + zi ci yǔ jù zi +7 字词语句子 + +8 zhuō zhǐ +桌 纸 + +语文园地二 + +wén shù xué yīn yuè +文 数 学 音 乐 + +识字表中蓝色的字是多音字,不计入生字总数。 + diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00016.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00016.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..5f09ea2fe7942bde1e68dffdfe9dfd8f41d0f020 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00016.md @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ +## 常用笔画名称表 + +
笔画名称例字
开土
中上
丿天禾
人尺
头下
虫把
横折口五
横撇子水
横钩
𠃊竖折山牙
𠄌竖提长比
+ +
笔画名称例字
竖弯四西
竖钩小可
弯钩了手
斜钩
𠃋撇折去东
卧钩
撇点
𠃌横折钩力月
竖弯钩儿巴
横折弯钩
竖折折钩马鸟
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00017.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00017.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..7a332d2ed6c2f44c62b57f776b4459c960f904ac --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00017.md @@ -0,0 +1,27 @@ +一 二 三 四 五 上 下 + +一 + + 一 一 一 + +一 二 + +二二二 + +一 二 三 +三三三 + +上上 +上上上 + +○ 朗读课文。背诵课文。 + +○ 认识田字格。 + +横中线 +竖中线 +上 + + + +写字时,要注意笔画在田字格中的位置。 \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00018.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00018.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..aefe3b899edf77d0e59cb3128a6b5790bd1a5040 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00018.md @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +## ⑤ 对韵歌 + +云对雨, + +雪对风。 + +花对树, + +鸟对虫。 + +山清对水秀, + +柳绿对桃红。 + +对云雨风花鸟虫 + + + +虫虫虫 云云云 +山山山 + +朗读课文。背诵课文。 diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00019.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00019.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..6b5c1e6dd16ba234e3255e50073853c433af752c --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00019.md @@ -0,0 +1,31 @@ +## 语文园地一 + +## 识字加油站 + +一片两片三四片, + +五片六片七八片。 + +九片十片无数片, + +飞入水中都不见。 + +你能猜出这是什么吗? + +## 六 七 八 九 十 + + + + + +八八八 + + 十十十 + +## 字词句运用 + +○ 读一读,比一比。 + + + +人 天 口 田 日 目 diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00020.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00020.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..4b2c5a11b5f9b45273ec18448b0baae7a22be470 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00020.md @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +快乐读书吧 + +## 读书真快乐 +我经常和爸爸妈妈一起读有趣的故事书。 + + +我读了很多书,会讲很多故事,同学们叫我“故事大王” + +周末,我在书店看到了很多好看的图高书。 + +学了拼音,我就可以认更多的字,读更多的书了。 + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00021.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00021.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..284296c9045d8b86f77a42d81a99d3c6991a37e8 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00021.md @@ -0,0 +1,54 @@ + + +b - ā → bā + + + +b-á→bá + + + +b-ǎ→bǎ + + + +b-à→bà + + + + +bǎ +bō +b +bǐ +bù + +pá +pò +pí +p +pǔ + +mǎ +mō +mǐ +mù +m + +fā +fó +fǔ +f + +bà ba +爸爸 + +mā ma +妈妈 + +bà mā +爸 妈 + + + +bb pp mm ff diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00022.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00022.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..3745ca710af1de7a5493a8883db9687766de95a9 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00022.md @@ -0,0 +1,35 @@ + + + +huà huà + +画 画 + +dǎ gǔ +打 鼓 + + + +## shuō huà +说话 + +xiǎo xī liú shuō huà huā huā huā huā +小溪流说话,哗哗,哗哗 +xiǎo yǔ diǎn shuō huà shā shā shā shā +小雨点说话,沙沙,沙沙 +xiǎo gē zi shuō huà gū gū gū gū +小鸽子说话,咕咕,咕咕 +xiǎo yā zi shuō huà gā gā gā gā +小鸭子说话,嘎嘎,嘎嘎 +xiǎo huā māo shuō huà miāo miāo miāo miāo +小花猫说话,喵喵,喵喵 +xiǎo qīng wā shuō huà guā guā guā guā +小青蛙说话,呱呱,呱呱 + +huà dǎ +画 打 + +g g k k h h + + +儿歌作者樊发稼,选作课文时有改动。 diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00023.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00023.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..06d17e1fb40ba3dcbddc74cc911951aca142fbd7 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00023.md @@ -0,0 +1,38 @@ +学 + +学生 + +我是小学生。 + +zì +字 + +cí yǔ +词 语 + +jù zi +句子 + +## guò qiáo +## 过 桥 + +shù xué tí sān sì dào +数学题,三四道, +yī pái děng hào xiàng xiǎo qiáo +一排等号像小桥。 +zuò duì le zǒu guò qiáo +做对了,走过桥, +zuò cuò le guò bù liǎo +做错了,过不了。 +xiǎng yī xiǎng suàn yī suàn +想一想,算一算, +kuài kuài lè lè guò le qiáo +快快乐乐过了桥。 + +zì cí yǔ jù zǐ +字词语句子 + + +z z c c s s + +儿歌作者邓元杰。 diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00024.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00024.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..224c30289b63923c2e8f63ba30b0c7ba9d22c935 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00024.md @@ -0,0 +1,31 @@ +## 目录 + +我上学了 ......... 2 + +## 识字 + + + +1 天地人 ...6 +2 金木水火土 ...7 +3 口耳目 ...9 +4 日月水火 ...11 +5 对韵歌 ...13 +〇 口语交际:我说你做 ...14 +〇 语文园地一 ...15 +〇 快乐读书吧:读书真快乐 ...19 + +## 汉语拼音 + + + +1 a o e ………………………………………… 20 +2 i u ü y w …………………………………… 22 +3 b p m f ……………………………………… 24 +4 d t n l ………………………………………… 26 +5 g k h ………………………………………… 28 +6 j q x ………………………………………… 30 +7 z c s ………………………………………… 32 +8 zh ch sh r ………………………………… 34 +○ 语文园地二 ………………………………… 36 + diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00025.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00025.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..95a334109bd545ba488fd99ac65edb7345184d9b --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00025.md @@ -0,0 +1,63 @@ +## 语文园地五 + +## 识字加油站 + + wǔ +上 午 + +下午 + +wǎn +晚 上 + +zuó +昨 天 + +jīn +今 天 + +明天 + +上个月 + +zhè +这 个 月 + +下个月 + +nián +去 年 + +今年 + +明年 + +wǔ wǎn zuó jīn nián +午 晚 昨 今 年 + +## 我的发现 + +花草莲苹 + +树林桃桥 + +很多木字旁的字都和树木有关。 + + + +## 字词句运用 + +dú yī dú dú zhūn zi yīn +读 一 读,读 准 字 音。 + +nǐ men jiā lǐ +你们家里 + +nán shēng lán sè +男 生 蓝 色 + +shàng shān sān nián +上 山 三 年 + +xiě zì bào zhǐ +写 字 报 纸 \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00026.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00026.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..55429b8519786811ce1ee9667ee539fad5a12b71 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00026.md @@ -0,0 +1,41 @@ +## 25 古人谈读书 + +## 一 + +知之为知之,不知为不知,是知$^{①}$也。 + +敏$^{②}$而好$^{③}$学,不耻$^{④}$下问$^{⑤}$。 + +zhī +默而识$^{⑥}$之,学而不厌$^{⑦}$,诲$^{⑧}$人不倦。 + +我非生而知之者,好古,敏$^{⑨}$以求之者也。 + +学如不及,犹恐失之。 + +wú qǐn +吾尝终日不食,终夜不寝,以思,无益,不如学也。 + +——《论语》 + +注释 + +①〔知〕同“智”,智慧。 + +②〔敏〕此处指聪敏。 + +③ [好] 喜好。 + +④ [耻] 以……为耻。 + +⑤〔下问〕向地位、学问不如自己的人请教。 + +⑥ [识] 记住。 + +⑦〔厌〕满足。 + +⑧〔诲〕教诲。 + +⑨〔敏〕此处指勤勉。 + + diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00027.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00027.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..8724536bb2f6876cfc2d9382597a2e11807a5da7 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00027.md @@ -0,0 +1,24 @@ +## 二 + +余尝谓$^{①}$读书有三到,谓心到、眼到、口到。心不在此,则眼不看仔细,心眼既不专一,却只漫浪$^{②}$诵读,决不能记,记亦不能久也。三到之中,心到最急$^{③}$。心既到矣,眼口岂不到乎? + +xī +—— [宋] 朱熹 + +注释 + +①〔谓〕说。 + +②〔漫浪〕随意。 + +③〔急〕要紧,重要。 + +耻识寝矣岂 + +耻诲谓诵岂 + +正确、流利地朗读课文。背诵课文。 + +借助注释,用自己的话说说课文的大意。 + +联系自己的读书体会,说说课文中的哪些内容对你有启发。 \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00028.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00028.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..4c01e917e91676c9da393ee1c0c3599c563a170b --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00028.md @@ -0,0 +1,39 @@ +## 口语交际 + +## 我最喜欢的人物形象 + +阅读文学书籍或观看影视作品时,我们常常会被其中的一些人物吸引或感动。这些人物个性鲜明、充满魅力,让人由衷地欣赏和喜爱。 + +举办一次“我最喜欢的人物形象”交流会,将自己喜欢的文学或影视作品中的人物介绍给大家。 + +交流之前,搜集并整理你最喜欢的人物形象的相关信息,照样子填写在表格里。 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
人物出处喜欢的理由
哪吒动画片《哪吒闹海》1. 年纪小但武功高强,能变出三头六臂……
2. 见义勇为,敢于担当。有一次,他救了被龙王欺负的老百姓……
+ +交流时要利用好表格里整理的信息,有条理地讲述。说清楚你喜欢的人物是谁,出自哪部文学或影视作品,你为什么喜欢这个人物。 + +可以先小组交流,再全班交流,看看谁介绍的人物形象让人印象深刻。 + +分条讲述,把理由说清楚。 + +听人说话能抓住重点。 \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00029.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00029.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..51197bfbd42d232b8d478b2c5c70fa3cf0fed311 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00029.md @@ -0,0 +1,35 @@ +将下面的句子排成一段意思连贯的话,把序号填在括号里。读一读,再抄写下来。 + +( )阅读是什么?是吸收。 + +( )把脑子里的东西拿出来,让人家知道,或者用嘴说,或者用笔写。 + +( )好像每天吃饭吸收营养一样,阅读就是吸收精神上的营养。 + +( )阅读和写作,吸收和表达,一个是进,从外到内;一个是出,从内到外。 + +( ) 写作是什么?是表达。 + +## 书写提示 + +欧阳询是初唐著名的书法家。他的楷书用笔方整,笔力刚劲,点画的起、收及转折处一丝不苟。字形竖长,各部分之间穿插巧妙,结构十分严谨。整体上显得既平正端庄,又险劲生动。《九成宫醴泉铭》是其楷书代表作之一。 + +食靡谢天功安知帝 + +测凿井而饮耕田而 + +德玄功潜运几深莫 + +陈大道无名上德不 + +成引谷涧宫城之内 + +功者也然昔之池沼 + +作彼竭其力我享其 + +谓至人无为大圣不 + + + +欧阳询《九成宫醴泉铭》(局部) diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00030.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00030.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..a7aae9afec2b2dd36578b2775bcb3a143c9cc714 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00030.md @@ -0,0 +1,34 @@ +## 语文园地 + +## 交流平台 + + + +为了提高阅读的速度,我们要集中注意力,尽量连词成句地读,不要一个字一个字地读,更不要回读。 + +带着问题读也可以加快阅读的速度。遇到不懂的词语,在不影响理解课文内容的情况下可以先不管它,继续往下读。 + + + + + +读得快还要想得快,要做到一边读一边想,抓住关键词句,才能及时捕捉有用的信息。 + +俗话说:“熟能生巧。”让我们不断练习,努力做到眼睛看得快,脑子想得快。 + + + +## 词句段运用 + +读下面的语句,写出主要意思。 + +◇我廉颇立下了那么多战功,他蔺相如就靠一张嘴,反而爬到我头上去了。(廉颇对蔺相如不服气。) + +◇只要我们按下手电筒的开关,立刻会出现一束光柱。光的速度是惊人的,大约是30万千米每秒,比流星体的速度要快几千倍! +( ) + +◇在广阔平原的地底下,挖了不计其数的地道,横的,竖的,直的,弯的,家家相连,村村相通。 ( ) + +及时概括语句的意思,能够帮助我们提高阅读的速度。 + + diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00031.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00031.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..71a20741abba7a5e207424270013fedbfc3df1be --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00031.md @@ -0,0 +1,28 @@ +读一读,照样子把成语的意思用具体的情景表现出来。 + +## 左右为难 + +大家说秦王不过是想把和氏璧骗到手罢了,不能上他的当;可要是不答应,又怕他派兵来进攻。 + +## 奋不顾身 + +杨靖宇正在奋力还击敌人,右手腕忽然受了伤,他就用左手继续向敌人射击。不多时,他的腹部又中了一弹,鲜血直流。他咬紧牙关,猛然起身,连发两枪,击毙了两个日本鬼子。 + +## 喋喋不休 +_____________________________________________ +_____________________________________________ +## 悠然自得 +_____________________________________________ +_____________________________________________ + +## 日积月累 + +〇不饱食以终日,不弃功于寸阴。——葛洪 + +〇盛年不重来,一日难再晨。及时当勉励,岁月不待人。 +——陶渊明 + +〇莫等闲,白了少年头,空悲切。——岳飞 + +〇多少事,从来急;天地转,光阴迫。一万年太久,只争朝夕。 +——毛泽东 \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00032.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00032.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..1576244a788d6f11cceab325e1f190fdb7a8cf12 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00032.md @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +## ⑪* 牛郎织女(二) + +用上一单元学到的阅读方法,尽可能快地默读课文,了解牛郎织女故事的结局。联系上一篇课文,说说如果给《牛郎织女》绘制连环画,你打算画哪些内容,每幅图画配什么文字。 + +从此牛郎在地里耕种,织女在家里纺织。有时候,织女也帮助 +jiǎn +牛郎干些地里的活。两个人勤劳节俭,日子过得挺美满。转眼间两三个年头过去了,他们生了一个男孩和一个女孩。到孩子能说话的时候,晚上得空,织女就指着星星,给孩子们讲些天上的故事。天 +huáng +上虽然富丽堂皇,可是没有自由,她不喜欢。她喜欢人间的生活;跟牛郎一块儿干活,她喜欢;逗着兄妹俩玩,她喜欢;看门前小溪的水活泼地流过去,她喜欢;听晓风晚风轻轻地吹过树林,她喜 +wēi +欢。两个孩子听她这么说,就像在她怀里,叫一声“娘”,回过头来又叫一声“爹”。她乐极了,可是在有时候也发愁。愁什么呢?她没告诉牛郎。她是怕外祖母知道她在这儿会来找她。 + +shuāi +一天,牛郎去喂牛,那头衰老的牛又说话了,眼眶里满是眼泪:“我快不行了,不能帮你们下地干活了……我死以后,你把我的皮留着。碰见什么紧急事,你就披上我的皮……”老牛没说完就死了。夫妻两个痛哭了一场,留下老牛的皮,把老牛的尸骨埋在草房后边的山坡上。 + +再说天上,仙女们溜到人间的事到底让王母娘娘知道了。王母娘娘罚她们,把她们 + +本文是民间故事,由叶圣陶整理,选作课文时有改动 \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00033.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00033.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..0b4978acb6b8422ece9ba9584a0d1e44e63cd3dc --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00033.md @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ + + + + +关在黑屋子里。她尤其恨织女,竟敢留在人间不回来,简直是有意败坏她的门风,损害她的尊严。她发誓要把织女捉回来,哪怕织女藏在泰 +shān hú jiāo +山底下的石缝里,大海中心的珊瑚礁上,也一定要抓回来,给她顶厉害的惩罚。 + +王母娘娘派了些天兵天将到人间访察,察访了好久,才知道织女在牛郎家里,跟牛郎做了夫妻。一天,她亲自到牛郎家里,可巧牛郎在地里干活,她就一把抓住织女往外走。织女的男孩见那老太婆怒气冲冲地拉着织女走,就跑过来拉住织女的衣裳。王母娘娘狠狠一推,孩子倒在地上,她就带着织女一齐飞起来。织女心里恨极了,望着两个可爱的孩子,一时不知该怎么办,只喊了一句:“快去找你爹!” + +牛郎跟着男孩赶回家,只见梭子放在织了半截的布匹上,灶上的饭正冒着热气,女孩坐在门前哭。他决定上天去追,把织女救回来。可是怎么能上天呢?他忽然想起老牛临死前说的话,这 \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00034.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00034.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..9a9cbae22996dbb2c7c3c054999a94d704bb8062 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00034.md @@ -0,0 +1,37 @@ +## 语文园地 + +## 交流平台 + +本单元我们读了特别有意思的民间故事。读到了好的故事,我们会忍不住要跟别人分享,讲给别人听。 + +为了让故事更有新鲜感,可以来点儿小创作。 + +可以把自己设想成故事中的人物,以他的口吻讲。如,讲《猎人海力布》,用海力布的口吻讲述,会更加亲切,让人有身临其境的感觉。 + +也可以大胆想象,为故事增加合理的情节。如,讲《牛郎织女》,可以说说老牛是怎么知道织女下凡时间的。 + +还可以变换情节的顺序,先讲故事中最不可思议的地方,设置一些悬念吸引听众。如,先说有一块石头是一位猎人变的,再讲猎人海力布的故事。 + +## 词句段运用 + +读一读,体会左右两组词语在表达效果上的不同。 + +鼻子都气歪了 + +气急败坏 + +前怕狼后怕虎 + +畏首畏尾 + +盼星星盼月亮 + +望眼欲穿 + +打开天窗说亮话 + +直言不讳 + +吃水不忘挖井人 + +饮水思源 diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00035.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00035.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..fe846807983aee09dc585554e4a052c2741eb6b6 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00035.md @@ -0,0 +1,49 @@ +## 12 古诗三首 + +## 示儿$^{①}$ + +[宋] 陆游 + +死去元$^{②}$知万事空, + +但悲不见九州$^{③}$同。 + +王师$^{④}$北定中原日, + +nǎi +家祭无忘告乃翁$^{⑤}$ + +注释 + +①〔示儿〕给儿子看。这首诗是陆游临终前写给儿子的。 + +②〔元〕同“原”,本来。 + +③〔九州〕古代中国曾分为九个州,这里代指全国。 + +④〔王师〕指南宋朝廷的军队。 + +⑤〔乃翁〕你们的父亲。 + +## dǐ +题临安$^{①}$邸$^{②}$ + +[宋] 林升 + +山外青山楼外楼, + +西湖歌舞几时休? + +xūn +暖风熏得游人醉, + +biàn +直把杭州作汴州$^{③}$。 + +注释 + +① [临安] 在今浙江杭州,曾为南宋都城。 + +② [即] 旅店。 + +③[汴州]在今河南开封,曾为北宋都城。 diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00036.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00036.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..28e633e1f8b8a83eb908795d7ee9686dd828a49a --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00036.md @@ -0,0 +1,41 @@ +## hài +己亥杂诗$^{①}$ + +[清] 龚自珍 + +shì +九州生气$^{②}$恃$^{③}$风雷, + +yín +万马齐喑$^{④}$究可哀。 + +sǒu +我劝天公重抖擞, + +不拘一格降人材。 + +注释 + +①[己亥杂诗]《己亥杂诗》是龚自珍在己亥年(1839)写的一组诗,共315首。这里选的是其中一首。 + +②〔生气〕活力,生命力。这里指朝气蓬勃的局面。 + +③〔恃〕依靠。 + +④ [万马齐喑] 所有的马都沉默无声。比喻人们沉默不语,不敢发表意见。喑,沉默。 + +乃熏亥恃擞 + +祭乃熏杭亥恃哀拘 + +有感情地朗读课文。背诵课文。默写《示儿》。 + +读懂诗歌的题目有助于我们理解诗歌的内容。从三首诗的题目中,你能了解到哪些信息? + +结合注释和相关资料,说说下列诗句的意思,再想想它们表达了诗人怎样的情感。 + +◇ 王师北定中原日,家祭无忘告乃翁。 + +◇ 暖风熏得游人醉,直把杭州作汴州。 + +◇ 我劝天公重抖擞,不拘一格降人材。 \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00037.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00037.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..e1920a0b4a43406426df4e87ed33e12ae82177dd --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00037.md @@ -0,0 +1,30 @@ +## 习作 + +## 二十年后的家乡 + +每个人都有自己的家乡,那是我们成长的地方。二十年后我们的家乡会是什么样的呢?让我们来一次时空穿越,到二十年后的家乡去看一看。 + +首先要大胆想象,二十年后的家乡会发生什么巨变。如,环境有什么变化?人们的工作、生活有什么变化? + +然后参考下面的例子,把想象到的场景或者事件梳理一下,列一个习作提纲,明确自己要写什么,从哪些方面来写。 + +习作提纲 + +题目:二十年后的家乡 + +开头:穿越到二十年后,看到了我的家乡。 + +中间: + +1.环境的变化:河水清澈,绿树成荫。 + +2.工作的变化:机器人在照料着果园。 + +3.生活的变化:遇到老同学开着3D打印的汽车去郊游。 + +结尾:表达我对二十年后家乡生活的向往之情。 + + +按照自己编写的习作提纲,分段叙述,把重点部分写具体。 + +写完后,跟同学互换习作,提出修改建议,再根据同学的建议认真修改习作。 diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00038.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00038.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..5c2cebe0641baea48543c2a35b0c382c6839c4ae --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00038.md @@ -0,0 +1,37 @@ +## 语文园地 + +## 交流平台 + +读本单元的课文,我们可以借助资料了解写作背景,从而更深入地理解课文蕴含的情感。如,了解了南宋统治者偏安一隅的历史背景,就更能体会陆游“但悲不见九州同”的伤痛和林升“直把杭州作汴州”的愤慨。 + +我们还可以结合更多的资料来丰富对课文内容的认识。如,通过查阅有关圆明园的资料,能更深入地理解作者为什么说圆明园的毁灭,是中国乃至世界文化史上不可估量的损失。 + +通过朗读,我们可以把课文中丰富的情感表现出来。如,读出《圆明园的毁灭》表达的痛惜之情、《少年中国说》(节选)表达的壮志豪情。朗读时可以通过调整语速、语调和节奏来表现课文的情感。 + +## 词句段运用 + +下面每组词语的意思有什么相同和不同?选择其中一个词语写一段话。 + +举世闻名 + +兴高采烈 + +足智多谋 + +呕心沥血 + +臭名远扬 + +得意忘形 + +诡计多端 + +处心积虑 + +读前两个句子,体会顿号的用法,再给最后一句加上标点。 + +它由圆明园、绮春园和长春园组成,所以也叫圆明三园。此外,还有许多小园,分布在圆明园东、西、南三面,众星拱月般环绕在圆明园周围。 + +它的果实埋在地里,不像桃子、石榴、苹果那样,把鲜红嫩绿的果实高高地挂在枝上,使人一见就生爱慕之心。 + +毽子越做越讲究 有黑鸡毛 白鸡毛 芦花鸡毛等 各种颜色的毽子 满院子飞 \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00039.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00039.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..807abb865b877b3be3e9db71b870a8ca37070ae0 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00039.md @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ +## 风向袋的制作 + +风无影无形,我们怎样才能知道它是从哪个方向吹来的呢?可以借助一些容易随风飘动的物体,比如风向袋,根据它飘动的方向判断风向。 + +制作风向袋可以分为下面几个步骤: + +ní +第一,准备竹竿、细铁丝、粗铁丝、尖嘴钳、尼龙纱巾 +sù +或其他较轻的纺织品、塑料绳、针线等材料和工具。 + +第二,缝制口袋。用尼龙纱巾缝一个圆锥形口袋,袋口直径约10厘米,袋长40~50厘米。用细铁丝做一个和袋口一样大小的圆圈,用针线把细铁丝固定在袋口处,把袋口撑开。 + +第三,剪下4根长约10厘米的塑料绳,在袋口边缘分别扎4个小洞。将4根塑料绳的一头分别穿过4个小洞,绑在铁丝圈上,另一头绑在一起,打一个结实的绳结。 + +第四,拿一根细铁丝,在离竹竿顶端10厘米处缠2\~3圈,不要缠太紧。做一个可以在竹竿上自由滑动的细铁丝圈。离细铁丝圈上下各1\~2厘米处,用尖嘴钳把粗铁丝在竹竿上紧紧缠绕3~4圈,这样细铁丝圈就只能在紧箍的粗铁丝圈之间上下滑动。再剪下一根15厘米长的塑料绳,一头绑在之前打好的绳结上,另一头绑在竹竿的细铁丝圈上,把口袋系在竹竿上。 + +kuàng +将竹竿固定在空旷的场地上,在观察前确认东西南北的准确方向。当风向袋随风飘动时,观察它飘动的方向。风向袋飘动的反方向就是风向。 + +说说课文是如何把制作风向袋的过程介绍清楚的。 + +首先介绍制作风向袋需要准备的材料和工具。 + +用“第一”“第二”等词语,有条理地写出了制作风向袋的步骤。 + +运用列数字的说明方法,把制作过程写得更清楚。 + +本文是自编课文。 \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00040.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00040.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..29b7e8a11a5d286d2f3302a0639ed9733dcc3f83 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00040.md @@ -0,0 +1,26 @@ +“找我妈!” + +“你妈是谁?” + +我大声说出了母亲的名字。 + +“那儿!” + +老头朝最里边的一个角落一指。 + +我穿过一排排缝纫机,走到那个角落,看见一个极其瘦弱的脊背弯曲着,头凑到缝纫机板上。周围几只灯泡烤着我的脸。 + +“妈——” + +“妈——” + +背直起来了,我的母亲。转过 +hè +身来了,我的母亲。褐色的口罩上 +bèi +方,一双眼神疲惫的眼睛吃惊地望着我,我的母亲的眼睛…… + + + + + diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00041.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00041.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..38cf2234944560e3754bca1d07d2df918aea3c6d --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00041.md @@ -0,0 +1,34 @@ +“周先生看这本书做什么?” + +“……”没有回答。好像难以回答。 + +许先生在旁说:“周先生什么书都看的。” + +在鲁迅先生家里做客人,刚开始是从法租界来到虹口,搭电车也要差不多一个钟头的工夫,所以那时候来的次数比较少。还记得有一次谈到半夜,一过12点电车就没有了,但那天不知讲了些什么,讲到一个段落就看看旁边小长桌上的圆钟,11点半了,11点45分了,电车没有了。 + +“反正已12点,电车已没有,那么再坐一会儿。”许先生如此劝着。 + +鲁迅先生好像听了所讲的什么引起了幻想,安静地举着象牙烟嘴在沉思着。 + +1 点钟以后,送我(还有别的朋友)出来的是许先生,外边下着蒙蒙的小雨,弄堂里灯光全然灭掉了。鲁迅先生嘱咐许先生一定让坐小汽车回去,并且一定嘱咐许先生付钱。 + +以后也住到北四川路来,就每晚饭后必到大陆新村来了,刮风的天,下雨的天,几乎没有间断的时候。 + +鲁迅先生很喜欢北方饭。还喜欢吃油炸的东西,喜欢吃硬的东西,就是后来生病的时候,也不大喝牛奶。鸡汤端到旁边用调羹舀了一二下就算了事。 + +有一天约好我去包饺子吃,那还是住在法租界,所以带了外国酸菜和用绞肉机绞成的牛肉。就和许先生站在客厅后边的方桌边包起来,海婴公子围着闹得起劲。一会儿把按成圆饼的面拿去了,他说做了一只船来,送在我们的眼前,我们不看它,转身他又做了一只小鸡,许先生和我都不去看它,对他竭力避免加以赞美,若一赞美起来,怕他更做得起劲。 + +客厅后没到黄昏就先黑了,背上感到些微的寒凉,知道衣裳不够了,但为着忙,没有加衣裳去。等把饺子包完了看看那数目并不多,这才知道和许先生谈话谈得太多,误了工作。许先生谈怎样离开家的,怎样到天津读书的,在女师大读书时怎样做了家庭教师,她去考家庭教师的那一段描写,非常有趣,只取一名,可是考了好几十名,她之能够当选算是难得了。指望对于学费有一点儿补足。冬天来了,北平又冷,那家离学校又远,每月除了车子钱之外,若伤风感冒还得自己拿出买阿司匹林的钱来,每月薪金10元要从西城跑到东城…… + +饺子煮好,一上楼梯,就听到楼上鲁迅先生的明朗的笑声冲下楼梯来,原来有几个朋友在楼上也正谈得热闹。那一天吃得是很好的。 + +以后我们又做过韭菜合子,又做过荷叶饼,我一提议鲁迅先生必然赞成,而我做得又不好,可是鲁迅先生还是在饭桌上举着筷子问许先生:“我再吃几个吗?” + +因为鲁迅先生的胃不大好,每饭后必吃“脾自美”胃药丸一二粒, + +有一天下午鲁迅先生正在校对着瞿秋白的《海上述林》$^①$,我一走进卧室去,从那圆 + + + +①瞿秋白(1899—1935),现代作家、翻译家、中国无产阶级革命家、中国共产党早期领导人。江苏常州人。1935年被国民党秘密杀害,《海上述林》是由鲁迅等人收集出版的瞿秋白遗文集,共两卷。 + diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00042.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00042.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..61e258d59168b2f3a90850f6d0cac3d5beca8178 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00042.md @@ -0,0 +1,54 @@ +许先生告诉我的,她也不知道鲁迅先生为什么常常看这小画。 + +有人来问他这样那样的,他说: + +“你们自己学着做,若没有我呢!” + +这一次鲁迅先生好了。 + +还有一样不同的,觉得做事要多做…… + +鲁迅先生以为自己好了,别人也以为鲁迅先生好了。 + +准备冬天要庆祝鲁迅先生工作30年。 + +又过了三个月。 + +1936年10月17日,鲁迅先生病又发了,又是气喘。 + +17 日,一夜未眠。 + +18 日,终日喘着。 + +19 日,夜的下半夜,人衰弱到极点了。天将发白时,鲁迅先生就像他平日一样,工作完了,他休息了。 + +1939年10月 + +## 思考与探究 + +1. 阅读课文,说说生活中的鲁迅是一个什么样的人,这与作为思想家的鲁迅有什么不同。请用课文中的事例来说明。 + +2. 写作此文,作者融入了很多感情,这也是回忆录的一个重要特点。品昧下面的句子,体会作者的感情。 + +(1)这种眼光鲁迅先生在记范爱农先生的文字里曾自己述说过,而谁曾接触过这种眼光的人就会感到一个旷代的全智者的催逼。 + +(2)但他还是展读着每封由不同角落里投来的青年的信,眼睛不济时,便戴起眼镜来看,常常看到夜里很深的时光。 + +(3)鲁迅先生坐在那儿和一个乡下的安静老人一样。 + +(4)许先生说鸡鸣的时候,鲁迅先生还是坐着,街上的汽车嘟嘟地叫起来了,鲁迅先生还是坐着。 + +有时许先生醒了,看着玻璃窗白萨萨的了,灯光也不显得怎样亮了,鲁迅先生的背影不像夜里那样黑大。 + +鲁迅先生的背影是灰黑色的,仍旧坐在那里。 + +(5)19日,夜的下半夜,人衰弱到极点了。天将发白时,鲁迅先生就像他平日一样,工作完了,他休息了。 + +3. 这篇传记是如何捕捉和描写鲁迅的生活细节,表现传主的个性的?作为一篇回忆录,这篇课文在语言和结构等方面有什么艺术特色? + + + +## 拓展与实践 + +我们已经学过很多鲁迅先生的作品,对他的作品风格及人格品质有了一定的了解。有的同学可能 + diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00043.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00043.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..596782f0de4dc0a0ff614b409fa20c207a5d72d7 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00043.md @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ + +## 阅读提示 + +近百年来,我们的前辈为了拯救灾难中的民族,曾经抛头颅,洒热血,前仆后继地奋斗,支持他们无私无畏的斗争的,就是坚定的革命信念。现在时代发生了巨大的变化,但作为一种不断追求人类进步、始终善于批判性的精神资源,这种革命的信念仍然非常宝贵。同学们虽然从小就不断接受革命传统的教育,对“革命”这个词,都耳熟能详。但理解可能更限于理性的层面,对于革命先驱的革命行为、革命信念都缺乏鲜活的感性认识。阅读革命伟人的传记,可能会弥补这样的缺憾。 + +1936 年 10 月,美国记者斯诺曾在陕北保安采访过毛泽东,根据他的谈话记录整理而成这篇《毛泽东自传》。从中我们可以读到毛泽东的许多传奇的经历、睿智的哲思,以及对旧制度的批判,我们也就能够理解,毛泽东之所以能够成为 20 世纪最有威望的革命领袖,除了时代的呼唤,跟他自身的意志、性格、心理也都有关;他对革命的坚定信念、献身理想的使命感,还有他的坚强的毅力和百折不挠的奋斗精神,都是成为一代伟人的重要因素。 + +阅读这篇传记时,除了了解毛泽东的革命实践,还应当细细体味这位伟人在回忆自己的成长以及革命历程时的情感指向,特别是他的幽默、自信与大气的风格。 + +《毛泽东自传》最初是斯诺《西行漫记》中的一篇。1947年胶东新华书店出版的《中国共产党年表》一书中,附录了此文,署名“史诺笔录,汪衡译”,是影响较大的版本。2003年青岛出版社根据这个本子重加校订,出版了《毛泽东自传》。这里选收的即是这个版本,有删节。 + +## 一颗红星的幼年 + +我于 1893 年生于湖南湘潭县的韶山冲。我的父亲$^{①}$是一个贫农,他年轻的时候,因负债累累,便去投军,当了一年多的兵。后来,他回到我生长的村上,由于拼命地节省,他靠着做小生意和其他事业赚了一点儿钱,设法买回了他的土地。 + +这时我家有15亩田,成为中农了。在这些田中,每年可以收获60担谷,全家五口,每年一共消费35担——这就是说,每人约7担——这样每年可以多余25担。靠了这个剩 + +① 毛泽东的父亲,名叫毛贻昌,字顺生,号良弼。17岁开始当家理事,因为负债被迫外出在湘军里当了一年多的兵。据《西行漫记》载,他的母亲“在娘家的名字叫文其美”,母亲在同族姐妹中排行第七,人称“文七妹”。母亲的娘家在湘潭县唐家坨(后改为棠佳阁),同韶山冲只有一山之隔,相距十余里。七妹18岁时和毛贻昌结婚,共生五男二女,但有四人夭折,只余毛泽东、毛泽民、毛泽覃兄弟三人。毛泽东的祖父毛恩普,是个憨厚的庄稼人,曾因家境窘迫,将祖传的一些田产典当。毛贻昌是毛恩普唯一的儿子。 + diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00044.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00044.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..2751060ba7bd7ae765ebc3e0598f00e37523790c --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00044.md @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +## 鲁迅 + + + +深刻与伟大的另一面是平和 + +——萧红 + + + +在全国第二回木刻流动展览上摄 +(1936年) + +◆横眉冷对千夫指,俯首甘为孺子牛。 + +◆ 现在青年最要紧的是“行”,不是“言”。 + +◆取下假面,真诚地,深入地,大胆地看取人生。 + +◆要做就做,与其说明年喝酒,不如立刻喝水。 + diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00045.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00045.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..593ea0708276c027c60183d7cf8ecf80855166fe --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00045.md @@ -0,0 +1,50 @@ +儿不跟我的同类交往。(他戴上眼镜,注视着这两个同类)尽管相同之处并不多。(他摘掉眼镜)凳子!(幸运儿放下口袋和篮子,上前,打开折叠,放好,走回原处,重新拿起口袋和篮子)过来!(波阜坐下,拿鞭子柄顶往幸运儿的胸膛推了一下)回去!(幸运儿退后一步)远点儿!(幸运儿又退后一步)站住!(幸运儿止步。向弗拉季米尔和爱斯特拉冈)正是因为这个缘故,只要你们不反对,我倒是想跟你们在一块儿消磨一些时光,随后再赶我的路。篮子!(幸运儿上前,递上篮子,回到原处)新鲜的空气能使人开胃。(他打开篮子,取出一只笋鸡、一块面包和一瓶酒)篮子!(幸运儿上前,拿起篮子,回到原处)离远点儿!(幸运儿退后一步)他浑身发臭。祝你们健康!(他从酒瓶里喝了一口酒,把酒瓶放下,开始吃东西。沉默。弗拉季米尔和爱斯特拉冈开始围着幸运儿转,上下打量着他,起初小心翼翼,越到后来胆子越大。波阜大口地吃着笋鸡,啃干净骨头后就随手扔掉。幸运儿打起盹来,身子渐渐下沉,直到口袋和篮子都碰着地面,随后突然惊醒过来,一下子挺直身子,跟着又打起盹来,身子渐渐下沉。) + +爱斯特拉冈 他什么地方不舒服? + +弗拉季米尔 他似乎累啦。 + +爱斯特拉冈 他干吗不把口袋放下来? + +弗拉季米尔 我怎么知道?(他们走近他身边)当心! + +爱斯特拉冈 跟他说几句话。 + +弗拉季米尔 瞧! + +爱斯特拉冈 什么? + +弗拉季米尔 (指着)他的脖子。 + +爱斯特拉冈(望着他的脖子)我什么也没看见。 + +弗拉季米尔 这儿。 + +(爱斯特拉冈过去站在弗拉季米尔身边。 + +爱斯特拉冈 哦,天哪! + +弗拉季米尔 一个流着脓的疮。 + +爱斯特拉冈 是绳子勒的。 + +弗拉季米尔 是磨破的。 + +爱斯特拉冈 这是难免的。 + +弗拉季米尔 是绳子的结磨的。 + +爱斯特拉冈 是擦伤的。 + +(他们重新打量起他来,仔细看他的脸。 + +弗拉季米尔 他长得不难看。 + +爱斯特拉冈(耸肩,作了个怪脸)你看仔细了? + + + +弗拉季米尔 有点儿像女人。 + +爱斯特拉冈 瞧他的口水。 + diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00046.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00046.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..5a8d19cf797d2a9c4b3176430247a57cffa91701 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00046.md @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +## 第一单元 + +## 索福克勒斯与《俄狄浦斯王》 + + + +命运总是同人开玩笑,当你向东走的时候,却进入了西边的房间。 + +## 相关链接 + +## 索福克勒斯的生平与创作 + +索福克勒斯(约公元前495—前406)是古希腊三大悲剧诗人之一。他出生于雅典西北郊的科洛诺斯,父亲是一个富有的兵器工场场主。索福克勒斯生活在雅典奴隶主民主制的盛世,曾积极参加政治活动,当选为雅典十将军之一和税务委员会主席。不过他在政治方面并未有很高的建树,而是以“悲剧诗人”闻名于世。当时的雅典盛行戏剧比赛,他于公元前468年第一次在悲剧竞赛中战胜埃斯库罗斯,成为当时悲剧创作中的领军人物,27年后才被另一位悲剧诗人欧里庇德斯击败。据说他一生创作了约130部戏剧,但现存的只有7部,代表作品是《安提戈涅》和《俄狄浦斯王》。亚里士多德在《诗学》中多次把索福克勒斯的戏剧当做典范来引用。亚里士多德说,索福克勒斯在悲剧中遵循按照“人应当有的样子”来描写的原则,善于利用神话传说,塑造了一系列理想的人物形象。他的悲剧布局复杂、严密,善于描写事件的突变,设置的戏剧动作合情合理,富于张力,令人信服。在他之前,舞台上说话演员只有两个,从索福克勒斯起,增加到3个,使戏剧人物更加丰富多彩,冲突更加复杂化,对话成分也明显增加,歌队退居次要地位。可以说,西方悲剧的结构程式在索福克勒斯的创作中基本达到完善程度,在以后的很长时间里没有大的变化,亚里士多德高度评价《俄狄浦斯王》的结构,把它视为古希腊悲剧的典范。文艺复兴以后,欧洲的戏剧界表现出了对索福克勒斯的不衰的兴趣,直到今日,《俄狄浦斯王》和《安提戈涅》还是欧洲经常上演的剧目。 + +## 《俄狄浦斯王》剧情梗概 + +《俄狄浦斯王》的故事发生在忒拜城。忒拜城的创建者卡德摩斯的第四代继承人是伊阿索斯。他曾诱拐佩罗普斯之子,导致被诱拐的孩子自杀而死。佩罗普斯发誓让伊阿索斯的后代不得好报。就在伊阿索斯娶了伊俄卡斯忒为妻想生一个儿子时,太阳神阿波罗警告他:“如果给你一个儿子,他将要杀父娶母,这是宙斯给你的命运惩罚。因为你曾背叛对佩罗普斯犯下了罪。”后来,伊俄卡斯忒生下一子。为避免厄运,她把生下不到3天的爱子交给一个牧羊人,令他弃于山中。但这个牧羊人却把他交 + diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00047.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00047.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..b5c4dbd6893daf2c875c19d4ca513f33cf7fc915 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00047.md @@ -0,0 +1,60 @@ +死了他。这似灵不灵的神示已被波吕玻斯随着带着,和他一起躺在冥府里,不值半文钱了。 + +伊俄卡斯忒 我不是早就这样告诉了你吗? + +俄狄浦斯 你倒是这样说过,可是,我因为害怕,迷失了方向。 + +伊俄卡斯忒 现在别再把这件事放在心上了。 + +俄狄浦斯 难道我不该害怕玷污我母亲的床榻吗? + +伊俄卡斯忒 偶然控制着我们,未来的事又看不清楚,我们为什么惧怕呢?最好尽可能随随便便地生活。别害怕你会玷污你母亲的婚姻;许多人会曾梦中娶过母亲$^①$;但是那些不以为意的人却安乐地生活。 + +俄狄浦斯 要不是我母亲还活着,你这话倒也对;可是她既然健在,即使你说得对,我也应当害怕啊! + +伊俄卡斯忒 可是你父亲的死总是个很大的安慰。 + +俄狄浦斯 我知道是个很大的安慰,可是我害怕那活着的妇人。 + +报信人 你害怕的妇人是谁呀? + +俄狄浦斯 老人家,是波吕玻斯的妻子墨洛珀。 + +报 信 人 她哪一点使你害怕? + +俄狄浦斯 啊,客人,是因为神送来的可怕预言。 + +报信人 说得说不得?是不是不可以让人知道? + +俄狄浦斯 当然可以。罗克西阿斯曾说我命中注定要娶自己的母亲,亲手杀死自己的父亲。因此多年来我远离着科任托斯。我在此虽然幸福,可是看见父母的容颜是件很大的乐事啊。 + +报信人 你真的因为害怕这些事,离开了那里? + +俄狄浦斯 啊,老人家,还因为我不想成为杀父的凶手。 + +报信人 主上啊,我怀着好意前来,怎么不能解除你的恐惧呢? + +俄狄浦斯 你依然可以从我手里得到很大的应得报酬。 + +报 信 人 我是特别为此而来的,等你回去的时候,我可以得到一些好处呢。 + +俄狄浦斯 但是我决不肯回到我父母家里。 + +报 信 人 年轻人!显然你不知道你在做什么。 + +俄狄浦斯 怎么不知道呢,老人家?看在天神面上,告诉我吧。 + +报信人 如果你是为了这个缘故不敢回家。 + +俄狄浦斯 我害怕福玻斯的预言在我身上应验。 + +报 信 人 是不是害怕因为杀父娶母而犯罪? + +俄狄浦斯是的,老人家,这件事一直在吓唬我。 + +报信人 你知道你没有理由害怕吗? + + + +①(许多人曾梦中娶过母亲)此处大概暗射希庇亚斯(Hippias)的故事。希庇亚斯是雅典的僭主,后来被放逐。他在马拉松之役(公元前490年)前夕做了这样一个梦,他把雅典当做母亲,认为这是他借波斯兵力复辟的吉兆。 + diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00048.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00048.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..77043e6c1e8f346872e0bf5497b1f68ab63c020b --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00048.md @@ -0,0 +1,41 @@ + +在艾耳密尔假意担心被丈夫看见时,这个无耻的骗子竟然放肆地嘲笑起自己的恩主了: + +他是一个我牵着鼻子走路的人。他以我们的全部谈话为荣,我已经把他摆布到这步田地:看见什么,不信什么。 + +戴在桌子底下的奥尔贡终于看清了这个伪君子的真面目,当达尔杜弗一再向艾耳密尔调情时,他从桌子下钻出来喝止达尔杜弗滚出去。但是,达尔杜弗露出狰狞面孔,说道:“应该离开这里的却是你,因为这个家是我的家。”原来,奥尔贡不仅把财产交给了达尔杜弗,而且还把他私藏的一个反对王室的朋友的秘密文件也交给了达尔杜弗保管。正当达尔杜弗向政府告发奥尔贡,并带人前来逮捕他时,国王的官员却宣布:“王爷圣明”,查知达尔杜弗原来是一个积案累累的骗子,国王以他至高无上的权力赦免了曾经勤王建功的奥尔贡,并将达尔杜弗投入狱。 + +## 剧作选读 + +## 第 三 幕$^{①}$ + +## 第 二 场 + +达尔杜弗,劳朗,道丽娜。 + +达尔杜弗 (望见道丽娜。)劳朗,把我修行的苦衣$^{②}$和教鞭$^{③}$收好了;祷告上帝,神光永远照亮你的心地。有人来看我,就说我把募来的钱分给囚犯去了。 + +道丽娜 真会装蒜、吹牛! + +达尔杜弗 你有什么事? + +道丽娜 告诉您…… + +达尔杜弗 (从他的衣袋内掏出一条手绢。)啊!我的上帝,我求你了,在说话之前,先给我拿着这条手绢。 + +道丽娜 干什么? + +达尔杜弗 盖上你的胸脯。我看不下去:像这样的情形,败坏人心,引起有罪的思想。 + +道丽娜 原来您这样经不起诱惑,肉身子对您起这么大的作用?说实话,我不知道您心里热烘烘的,在冒什么东西,可是我呀,简直麻木不仁,我可以从头到脚看您光着。您浑身上下的皮,别想动得了我的心。 + +达尔杜弗 你说话要有一点分寸,不然的话,我马上就走。 + +道丽娜 不,不,该走的是我,您待下来吧,我就那么一句话对您讲。太太就要到楼底下这间大厅来,希望您赏脸谈谈。 + +达尔杜弗 哎呀!欢迎之至。 + + + +①选自《莫里哀喜剧》第二集(湖南人民出版社1982年版)。李健吾译。②〔苦衣〕修士修行穿的一种用山羊毛或瓢编织成的贴身内衣。有人解释为一种用有刺的铁丝编织成的贴身的腰带。③〔教鞭〕是修行者用的鞭子,有的是细绳揉成的,有的是细铁链扭成的,自己犯了过失打自己,或者门徒犯了过失打门徒。 + diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00049.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00049.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..33255bcc161aa645d78aee8405f336e9903c4a6a --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00049.md @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ + + +## 目录 + +概论……1 +第一单元 索福克勒斯与《俄狄浦斯王》……5 +第二单元 莎士比亚与《罗密欧与朱丽叶》……16 +第三单元 汤显祖与《牡丹亭》……28 +第四单元 莫里哀与《伪君子》……34 +第五单元 易卜生与《玩偶之家》……46 + +第六单元 契诃夫与《三姐妹》……59 +第七单元 曹禺与《北京人》……75 +第八单元 老舍与《茶馆》……91 +第九单元 贝克特与《等待戈多》……108 + diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00050.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00050.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..af1ca768a4e6a0fa57ee020cc4aa120eccfa2629 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00050.md @@ -0,0 +1,45 @@ +## 在希望的田野上 + +陈晓光 + +我们的家乡在希望的田野上, + +炊烟在新建的住房上飘荡, + +小河在美丽的村庄旁流淌。 + +一片冬麦,一片高粱, + +十里荷塘,十里果香。 + +我们世世代代在这田野上生活, + +为她富裕,为她兴旺。 + +我们的理想在希望的田野上, + +禾苗在农民的汗水里抽穗。 + +牛羊在牧人的笛声中成长。 + +西村纺花,东港撒网, + +北疆播种,南国打场。 + +我们世世代代在这田野上劳动, + +为她打扮,为她梳妆。 + +我们的未来在希望的田野上, + +人们在明媚的阳光下生活。 + +生活在人们的劳动中变样。 + +老人们举杯,孩子们欢笑, + +小伙儿弹琴,姑娘歌唱. + +我们世世代代在这田野上奋斗, + +为她幸福,为她增光 diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00051.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00051.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..b603275b90cfe30cc63d416fa566cd1a59d4c2e4 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00051.md @@ -0,0 +1,30 @@ +## 口语交际 + +## 意见不同怎么办 + +对生活中的很多事情,大家的意见会有分歧,需要协商才能解决。如,遇到下面这样的情况,应该怎么办呢? + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
事 例有关方面的人
爆竹声声辞旧岁,银花朵朵贺新年。噼里啪啦的爆竹、五彩缤纷的烟花,给人们带来浓浓的年味和喜庆气氛,但也在环保、安全等方面带来很多问题。一些城市在燃放鞭炮方面的政策也在不断摇摆。那么,春节到底该不该放烟花爆竹呢?普通市民
消防队员
环卫工人
鞭炮厂工人
……
十几年前,我国南方某市为了拓宽城市道路,不顾很多人反对,砍掉了道路两边生长了几十年的大树。这件事在当地引起了热议。有人认为,为拓宽城市道路,促进经济繁荣,砍树是值得的;有人认为,砍树容易栽树难,政府应该另想办法发展交通,不应该砍树——要路还是要树?司机
交通运输局工作人员
道路附近居民
生态环境局局长
……
+ +分小组,选择一则材料进行讨论。讨论时,小组成员分别选择一个角色,从这个角色出发阐述对这个问题的看法。听到不同意见,要换位思考,积极沟通。 + +- 准确把握别人的观点,不歪曲,不断章取义。 + +- 尊重不同意见,讨论问题时,态度要平和,以理服人。 diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00052.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00052.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..68d58f6670926782f1f9dbca7c8329e54499eec1 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00052.md @@ -0,0 +1,35 @@ +## 习作 + +## 学写倡议书 + +如果你有一个想法希望得到大家的支持,并一起去实施,可以写一份倡议书。如,号召同学们节约用水、不使用一次性用品,倡议居民进行垃圾分类。读读下面的倡议书,和同学交流写倡议书需要注意什么。 + +“节约用水”倡议书 + +同学们: + +我国是水资源紧缺的国家,爱护水资源是我们每个人的义务。节约用水不能仅仅是一句口号,我们还要时时刻刻注意从自身做起。为此,我们向全校同学发出节约用水的倡议,让我们从今天起努力做到以下几点: + +1.洗漱时,及时关掉水龙头。 + +2.一水多用,充分利用水資源。如,用淘米水浇花,用洗脸水冲厕所。 + +3.制作“节约用水”的标签并张贴。 + +4.看到浪费水的行为,要及时劝说并制止。一份倡议,一个承诺,一种责任。亲爱的同学们,让我们行动起来吧! + +育英小学阳光中队全体少先队员 +12月8日 + + +标题要鲜明。 + +依据倡议的对象写称呼。有时也可以不用称呼,在正文中点出即可。 + +正文写清楚倡议的内容,可以分点说明。 + +最后要署名并写上日期。 + +仿照上面的例子,就你关心的问题写一份倡议书。 + +根据倡议的对象,将倡议书发布在合适的地方,如校园的公告栏,小区的布告栏、网络论坛。 diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00053.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00053.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..877b0459fab923134422169b1618f57fa8f968a6 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00053.md @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +公交车是常用交通工具,选择合适的乘车方案,能让出行更顺利、快捷。读材料,想一想:小林同学家住温泉镇,他希望早上9点以前赶到在宋家洼的外婆家,好跟舅舅一起去爬山。他怎样乘车最合适? + + + +86路车停靠常家岭、商品城等10个站点。一般来说,停靠的站点越多,需要的时间越长。 + + + +首班车时间是指最早一班车的发车时间,末班车时间是指最晚一班车的发车时间。 + + + +## 日积月累 + +五行:金、木、水、火、土 + +五谷:稻、麦、黍、菽、稷 + +五音:宫、商、角、徵、羽 + +五彩:黄、青、赤、白、黑 diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00054.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00054.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..683da28cf9ca854a6135681d828a0e91ee8830e1 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00054.md @@ -0,0 +1,25 @@ +## 口语交际 + +## 聊聊书法 + +书法是我们的国粹,散发着艺术的魅力,受到人们的喜爱和珍视。今天,我们一起来聊聊书法吧! + + + +王羲之《兰亭集序》(冯承素摹本) + +◇你知道我国古代哪些著名的书法家?你知道他们的哪些故事? + +◇你参观过书法作品展览吗?你欣赏哪些人的作品? + +◇你学习过书法吗?在这一过程中,有什么特别的感受? + +◇你认为练习书法有什么益处? + +可以课前先搜集资料,作好准备。 + +和同学交流的时候,表述要清楚。结合图片、实物,能让你的讲述更加生动。 + +有条理地表达,如分点说明。 + +对感兴趣的话题深入交谈。 \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00055.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00055.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..28b42d719190b6a20562a806e2332b7e557bb904 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00055.md @@ -0,0 +1,41 @@ +## 习作 + +## 我的拿手好戏 + +十八般武艺,样样是好戏! + +◇ 跳舞,唱歌,画画,变魔术 + +◇ 剪纸,捏泥人,做标本,做航模 + +◇ 挑西瓜,做面包,炒拿手菜 + +◇ 吹口哨,玩魔方,钓鱼 + +…… + +你的拿手好戏是什么?写下来,和同学一起交流吧!写之前想一想: + +◇ 你的拿手好戏是怎样练成的?关于拿手好戏,有哪些想要分享的故事? + +◇ 怎样写你的拿手好戏?哪些内容先写?哪些内容后写? + +◇ 哪些内容作为重点部分?哪些内容可以写得简略一些? + +可以仿照下面的例子列一个提纲。 + +《三招挑西瓜》 + +点明拿手好戏是挑西瓜。 + +简单介绍: 是怎样练成挑西瓜的拿手好戏的。 + +具体写: 周末和同学郊游时挑西瓜、吃西瓜的趣事。 + +我用“看、拍、听”三招,自信地挑了两个大西瓜。 + +第一个西瓜很好,得到同学的夸赞,我很得意。 + +第二个西瓜没熟,我很尴尬——拿手好戏演砸啦! + +写完后读一读,看看是否通顺,重点部分是不是写具体了,再改一改。 diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00056.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00056.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..3fa93aff9f54de586eb10ad9f8b84b8cc8d30c95 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00056.md @@ -0,0 +1,38 @@ +## 语文园地 + +## 交流平台 + +俗话说,好记性不如烂笔头。做课堂笔记,是一个非常好的学习习惯,不仅能帮助我们记忆,还能促使我们积极思考。 + +## 7 开国大典 + +我在课堂笔记本上,记录了老师讲的重要内容。 + +群众入场—典礼开始—宣布新中国成立—升国旗—宣读公告—阅兵盛况—群众游行 + + +## 23 月光曲 + +有了疑问,需要继续思考,或者查找资料的,我会认真记下来。 + +1. 传说是这样谱成的。 + +“传说”?看来这首曲子的创作过程不一定是这样。查资料了解一下。 + +2. 您就是贝多芬先生吧? + +盲姑娘听琴声猜出了贝多芬, +这是说贝多芬遇到了知音吧? + +我会把听课过程中产生的想法记录下来。 + +## 词句段运用 + +日常生活中使用的一些词语与戏曲有关。读一读下面的词语,和同学交流它们的意思,再选一两个说句子。 + +亮相 行当 压轴 行头 + +跑⻰套 唱⽩脸 花架子 对台戏 + +粉墨登场 字正腔圆 有板有眼 科班出身 + diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00057.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00057.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..e0513d1bda228629da07fd3dcf2ff4839c4532a0 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00057.md @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +## 第八单元 + +有的人活着, + +他已经死了; + +有的人死了, + +他还活着。 + +——臧克家 + +〇 借助相关资料,理解课文主要内容。 + +〇 通过事情写一个人,表达出自己的情感。 + +鲁迅,原名周树人,浙江绍兴人。主要作品有小说集《呐喊》《彷徨》《故事新编》,散文诗集《野草》,散文集《朝花夕拾》,以及大量杂文。他是伟大的文学家,思想家,革命家,五四新文化运动的重要参与者,中国现代文学的奠基人。 + + diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00058.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00058.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..4177f75c3343b709a8e6b4652dd7b4729b90fe0b --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00058.md @@ -0,0 +1,25 @@ +阿!闰土的心里有无穷无尽的希奇的事,都是我往常的朋友所不知道的。他们不知道一些事,闰土在海边时,他们都和我一样只看见院子里高墙上的四角的天空。 + +可惜正月过去了,闰土须回家里去,我急得大哭,他也躲到厨房里,哭着不肯出门,但终于被他父亲带走了。他后来还托他的父亲带给我一包贝壳和几支很好看的鸟毛,我也曾送他一两次东西,但从此没有再见面。 + +郑拜租厨毡羞 + +撒缚猬伶俐窜 + +有感情地朗读课文。背诵第1自然段,体会闰土在“我”心中的美好形象。 + +课文写了月下看瓜刺猹的闰土、初次相识时的闰土、给“我”讲新鲜事的闰土。结合相关内容,说说闰土是个怎样的少年。 + +读句子,注意加点的部分,说说从中感受到“我”怎样的内心世界。 + +我那时并不知道这所谓猹的是怎么一件东西——便是现在也没有知道…… + +我素不知道天下有这许多新鲜事…… + +阿!闰土的心里有无穷无尽的希奇的事,都是我往常的朋友所不知道的…… + +## 小练笔 + +照片凝固了我们生活中的一个个瞬间。从你的照片中选一张,仿照第1自然段写一写。 + +①〔希奇〕现在写作“稀奇”。 \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00059.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00059.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..c5317513a69c037a79528f0d2fb70199a3ca1889 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00059.md @@ -0,0 +1,33 @@ +## 语文园地 + +## 交流平台 + +阅读文章,要注意把握文章的主要内容。 + +我们已经知道:文章的题目有时能提示文章的主要内容;关键句对了解主要内容也很有帮助;写一件事的文章,可以通过理清事情的起因、经过、结果来把握主要内容。 + +一般来讲,了解了文章每个部分主要讲的是什么,再把各个部分的主要意思连起来,就能把握主要内容。如《只有一个地球》,我们可以边读边列提纲,把各部分的内容写出来,再连起来想一想,就知道了文章的主要内容。 + +把握文章的主要内容,不同的文章有不同的方法,我们要灵活运用。 + +## 词句段运用 + +读下面各组题目,说说你的发现,和同学交流。 + +这是用文章中的主要人物作题目。 + +少年闰土 狼牙山五壮士 军神 + +开国大典 “诺曼底号”遇难记 草船借箭 +竹节人 桥 芦花鞋 + +这组题目很有意思,因为…… + +在牛肚子里旅行 “精彩极了”和“糟糕透了” 慢性子裁缝和急性子顾客 + +读下面的词语,你想到了什么?选择一个词语,把你想到的用一段话写下来。 + +饱经风霜的脸 饱经风霜的老屋 饱经风霜的大树 + +树林的深处 秋天的深处 心灵的深处 + diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00060.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00060.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..3352ae5610e8040dd62462388545f5079a976f8c --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00060.md @@ -0,0 +1,26 @@ +## 书写提示 + +下面两位同学的书写作品。我们也来试着写一写,举办一次书写作品展览。 + + + +○注意行款整齐、布局合理。 + +○书写要正确,不出现错别字和不规范的字。 + +○养成自我检视的习惯,不断提高书写水平。 + +我最亲爱的孩子啊!母亲不用十言万语来教育你,就用实行来教育你,在你长大成人之后,希望不要忘记你的母亲是为国而牺牲的! + +摘自《赵一曼写给儿子的信》xxx书 + + + +## 日积月累 + +〇 捐躯赴国难,视死忽如归。——曹植 + +〇 祖宗疆土,当以死守,不可以尺寸与人。 +—— 李纲 + +〇 位卑未敢忘忧国。——陆游 diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00061.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00061.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..ea910889664a7bd75b03e3c6c2943cc576143fd1 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00061.md @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ +仔细想来,那个发明这竹节人的家伙,准也是坐这种课桌长大的。 + + + +把穿着九个竹节的鞋线嵌入课桌裂缝里,在下面一拉紧,那立在裂缝上的竹节们就站成一个壮士模 + +chā +样,叉腿张胳膊,威风凛凛,跟现今健美比赛中那脖子老粗、浑身疙瘩肉的小伙子差不多。 + +将鞋线一松一紧,那竹节人就手舞之、身摆之地动起来。两个竹节人放在一起,那就是搏斗了,没头没脑地对打着,不知疲倦,也永不会倒下。 + +qiǎ +有时其中一个的线卡住了,那“斗士”便显出一副呆头呆脑的傻样子,挺着肚子净挨揍。 + +gū +竹节人手上系一根冰棍棒,就成了手握金箍棒的孙悟空,号称“齐天小圣”,四个字歪歪斜斜刻在竹节人背上,神气! + +dòu +找到两根针织机上废弃的钩针,装在竹节人手上,就成了窦尔 +dūn +敦的虎头双钩。把“金钩大王”刻在竹节人的胸口,神气! + +yǎn liǔ +用铅皮剪一把偃月刀,用铁丝系一绺红丝线做一柄蛇矛,给那竹节人装上,再挖空心思取一个更威风、更吓人、叫得更响的名号。 + +yǎn +破课桌,俨然一个剑拔弩张的古战场。 + +还有同学别出心裁,想技高一筹,给竹节人粘上一个橡皮雕 diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00062.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00062.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..2143f8204f957b62a5f2a5142ab4c7dd888a003d --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00062.md @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +## 11 宇宙生命之谜 + +多年来,人们一直在探索宇宙生命问题。我们常常有这样的疑问:宇宙中,除了地球外,其他星球上是否也有生命存在?为了解决这个疑惑,有位同学找到了这篇文章。 + +浏览了这一段后,发现它对了解地球之外是否有生命没有帮助。 + +古时候,科学不发达,人们一直向往着“天上的世界”。于是,有了许许多多的故事:嫦娥奔 +pán +月,仙女下凡,蟠桃盛会……现在,科学发达了,人们知道那都是古人编出来的。但是,地球之外的太空中是否有生命存在,仍然是一个吸引人的问题。 + +每个自然段往往有提示主要意思的语句,阅读时我要注意找出来。 + +从理论上说,宇宙是无限的。地球只是太阳系中的一颗行星,而太阳系只是银河系中一个极小的 +cāng sù +部分,银河系对宇宙来说又是沧海一粟。整个银河 +héng +系中有几千亿颗恒星,类似太阳系这样的天体系统为数不少,其中肯定有与地球类似的行星。可以猜测,地球绝不是有生命存在的唯一天体。但是,人类至今尚未找到另外一颗存在生命的星球。 + +哪些天体上可能有生命存在呢?这个天体又必须具备什么样的条件呢?人们了解了生命起源的过程之后,认为至少应有这样几个条件:一是适合生物生存的温度,一般应在-50~150℃之间;二是 + +本文作者张申碚、赵晓梅,选作课文时有改动。 \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00063.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00063.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..907e2a88930da28573c30761d0ed66e8a188e1a2 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00063.md @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +和门。时间紧迫,又值天寒地冻,修复三门肯定来不及。于是,宫中请来市面上扎彩棚的能工巧匠,按原建筑面貌复制,其高卑广 +lòu wéi xiào +狭,乃至檐角小兽、大吻雕镂,无不惟妙惟肖,即使宫中人员也看 +wěi yú +不出真伪,而且高逾数丈竟风吹不摇。这样总算应付过了大婚。 + +——选自姜舜源的《故宫史话》,有改动 + +## 材料三 + +故宫博物院欢迎您! + +北京故宫(旧称紫禁城)是明清两代的皇家宫殿。 + +1961年,经国务院批准,故宫被定为全国重点文物保护单位。1987年,被联合国教科文组织列入世界文化遗产名录。 + +自2011年7月2日起,故宫博物院实行自南向北单向参观路线:午门(南门)只作为参观人口,观众一律从午门进入故宫;神武门(北门)只作为参观出口,观众参观结束后可由神武门或东华门(东门)离开故宫。 + + +(资料来源:2016年12月的故宫博物院官方网站) diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00064.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00064.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..6f45cefe2c2925c272326082b85a9a9dee74491e --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00064.md @@ -0,0 +1,25 @@ +## 语文园地 + +## 交流平台 + + + +学习了这个单元,我知道了要根据目的选择合适的材料。如,要为家人计划故宫一日游,应该重点阅读材料一、材料三和材料四。 + +读文章时,与阅读目的关联性不强的内容,不需要逐字逐句地读,这样可以提高阅读速度。如,带着“写玩具制作指南,并教别人玩这种玩具”这一任务读《竹节人》,有关玩竹节人的有趣经历这部分内容,浏览一下就可以了。 + + + + + +我逐渐养成了一个习惯,读书时先想想阅读的目的,再有针对性地选择适合的阅读方法。 + +## 词句段运用 + +下面的句子写出了人对某件事入迷的样子。读一读,试着写一写类似的情景。 + +◇ 下课时,教室里摆开场子,吸引了一圈黑脑袋,攒着观战,还跺脚拍手,咋咋呼呼,好不热闹。常要等老师进来,才知道已经上课。 + +◇ 偏偏后面的同学不知趣,看得入了迷,伸长脖子,恨不能从我们肩膀上探过来。 + +◇ 只见罗丹一会儿上前,一会儿后退,嘴里叽里咕噜的,好像在跟谁说悄悄话;忽然眼睛闪着异样的光,似乎在跟谁激烈地争吵。他把地板踩得吱吱响,手不停地挥动……一刻钟过去了,半小时过去了,罗丹越干越有劲,情绪更加激动了。他像喝醉了酒一样,整个世界对他来讲好像已经消失了——大约过了一个小时,罗丹才停下来,对着塑像痴痴地微笑,然后轻轻地舒了口气。 \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00065.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00065.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..5d2572e08eac58715eec5f13a081b821ffe9e058 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00065.md @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +快速默读课文,说说课文主要讲了一件什么事。 + +从课文中找出描写人物对话和心理活动的句子,有感情地读一读。说说从这些描写中,可以看出桑娜和渔夫是怎样的人。 + +渔家的小屋“温暖而舒适”,这样的环境描写对刻画桑娜这个人物有什么作用?找出课文中其他描写环境的句子,体会它们的作用。 + +## 小练笔 + +“是啊,是啊,”丈夫喃喃地说,“这天气真是活见鬼!可是有什么办法呢!” + +两个人沉默了一阵。 + +沉默中,桑娜会想些什么呢?联系课文内容,写一写桑娜的心理活动。 + +## 资料袋 + +列夫·托尔斯泰(1828—1910)是俄国作家。他的作品深受世界人民喜爱,代表作有《战争与和平》《安娜·卡列尼娜》《复活》等。 + + + +“不认识托尔斯泰者,不可能认识俄罗斯。”高尔基曾这样评价他。奥地利作家茨威格在传记作品《三作家》中这样刻画他的形象:“他生就一副多毛的脸庞,植被多于空地,浓密的胡髭使人难以看清他的内心世界。长髯覆盖了两颊,遮住了嘴唇,遮住了皱似树皮的黝黑脸膛,一根根迎风飘动,颇有长者风度。宽约一指的眉毛像纠缠不清的树根,朝上倒竖。一绺绺灰白的鬈发像泡沫一样堆在额头上。不管从哪个角度看,你都能见到热带森林般茂密的须发。” diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00066.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00066.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..0627e3ea105d05a7cf63a0cb7f76a8476e67aca9 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00066.md @@ -0,0 +1,75 @@ +## 春江花月夜$^{①}$ + +张若虚 + +春江潮水连海平,海上明月共潮生。 + +滟滟$^{②}$随波千万里,何处春江无月明$^{③}$。 + +江流宛转绕芳甸$^{④}$,月照花林皆似霰$^{⑤}$。 + +空里流霜$^{⑥}$不觉飞,汀上白沙看不见。 + +江天一色无纤尘,皎皎空中孤月轮。 + +江畔何人初见月?江月何年初照人? + +人生代代无穷已,江月年年望相似。 + +不知江月待何人,但见长江送流水。 + +白云一片去悠悠,青枫浦$^{⑦}$上不胜愁。 + +谁家今夜扁舟子$^{⑧}$?何处相思明月楼$^{⑨}$? + +可怜楼上月裴回$^{⑩}$,应照离人$^{⑪}$妆镜台。 + +玉户帘中卷不去$^{⑫}$,捣衣砧上拂还来。 + +此时相望不相闻,愿逐月华$^{⑬}$流照$^{⑭}$君。 + +鸿雁长飞光不度$^{⑮ }$,鱼龙潜跃水成文$^{⑯}$。 + +昨夜闲潭梦落花,可怜春半不还家。 + +江水流春去欲尽,江潭落月复西斜。 + +斜月沉沉藏海雾,碣石潇湘$^{⑰}$无限路。 + +不知乘月几人归,落月摇情满江树$^⑱$。 + +①选自《全唐诗》卷二十一(中华书局1999年版)。春江花月夜,乐府旧题。张若虚(约660—约720),扬州(今属江苏)人,唐代诗人。与贺知章、张旭、包融并称“吴中四士”。 + +②〔滟滟〕形容波光荡漾。 + +③〔月明〕月光。 + +④〔芳甸〕花草茂盛的原野。 + +⑤[霰(xiàn)]白色不透明的小冰粒。 + +⑥〔流霜〕飞霜,比喻从空中洒落的月光。 + +⑦〔青枫浦〕即双枫浦,在湖南浏阳南。 + +⑧〔扁舟子〕指飘荡江湖的游子。 + +⑨〔明月楼〕明月映照下的楼阁。这里指楼上的思妇。 + +⑩〔裴回〕同“徘徊”。 + +⑪〔离人〕指守候在家的思妇。 + +⑫〔玉户帘中卷不去〕意思是,月光洒在玉门帘上,欲卷而去之而不得。玉户,用玉装饰的门,也用作门的美称。 + +⑬[月华]月光。 + +⑭〔流照〕照射。 + +⑮[鸿雁长飞光不度]大雁远飞却不能飞出月光。暗示鸿雁不能传书。 + +⑯ [鱼龙潜跃水成文]鱼儿出没只能使水面泛出波纹。暗示鱼儿不能传书。古人有鱼儿传书一说。乐府诗《饮马长城窟行》:“呼儿烹鲤鱼,中有尺素书。”鱼龙,这里指鱼。 + +⑰ [潇湘] 潇水和湘江,均流入洞庭湖。 + +⑱[落月摇情满江树]意思是,落月牵动着离人的别愁,将光辉洒满江畔的林木。 diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00067.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00067.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..ad6c201028afe22fffdca8acd4dbe02197907331 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00067.md @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +## 县委书记的榜样——焦裕禄$^{①}$ + +穆青 冯健 周原 + +1962年冬天,正是豫东兰考县遭受内涝、风沙、盐碱三害最严重的时刻。这一年,春天风沙打毁了20万亩麦子,秋天淹坏了30多万亩庄稼,盐碱地上有10万亩禾苗碱死,全县的粮食产量下降到了历年的最低水平。 + +就是在这样的关口,党派焦裕禄来到了兰考。 + + + +焦裕禄 张庆民 摄 + +展现在焦裕禄面前的兰考大地,是一幅多么严重的灾荒的景象啊!横贯全境的两条黄河故道,是一眼看不到边的黄沙;片片内涝的洼窝里,结着青色的冰凌;白茫茫的盐碱地上,枯草在寒风中抖动。 + +困难,重重的困难,像一副沉重的担子,压在这位新到任的县委书记的双肩。但是,焦裕禄是带着《毛泽东选集》来的,是怀着改变兰考灾区面貌的坚定决心来的。在这个贫农出身的共产党员看来,这里有36万勤劳的人民,有烈士们流鲜血解放出来的90多万亩土地。只要加强党的领导,一时有天大的艰难,也一定能杀出条路来。 + +①选自《通讯名作100篇》(新华出版社2009年版)。有删改。原载1966年2月7日《人民日报》。焦裕禄(1922—1964),山东淄博人,曾任河南兰考县委书记。他带领全县干部群众同自然灾害进行顽强斗争,使兰考的贫困面貌大为改观,虽身患肝癌,仍坚持工作,被群众誉为“党的好干部”。 diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00068.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00068.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..af5af6fa42e6005e3a67f97d79e5e254f0812eb9 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00068.md @@ -0,0 +1,48 @@ +## 《论语》十二章$^{①}$ + + + +先师孔子行教像(拓本) + +子曰:“君子食无求饱,居无求安,敏$^{②}$于事而慎于言,就有道而正焉$^{③}$,可谓好学也已。”(《学而》) + +子曰:“人而$^{④}$不仁,如礼何$^{⑤}$?人而不仁,如乐何?”(《八佾》) + +子曰:“朝闻道,夕死可矣。”(《里仁》) + +子曰:“君子喻$^{⑥}$于义,小人喻于利。”(《里仁》) + +子曰:“见贤思齐焉,见不贤而内自省也。”(《里仁》) + +子曰:“质胜文则野$^{⑦}$,文胜质则史$^{⑧}$。文质彬彬$^{⑨}$,然后君子。”(《雍也》) + +曾子曰:“士不可以不弘毅$^{⑩}$,任重而道远。仁以为己任,不亦重乎?死而后已,不亦远乎?”(《泰伯》) + +子曰:“譬如为山,未成一篑$^{⑪}$,止,吾止也$^{⑫}$。譬如平地$^{⑬}$,虽覆一篑,进,吾往也。”(《子罕》) + +①选自《论语译注》(中华书局2006年版)。 + +②〔敏〕勤勉。 + +③〔就有道而正焉〕到有道的人那里去匡正自己。有道,指有才艺或有道德的人。 + +④〔而〕如果。 + +⑤〔如礼何〕怎样对待礼呢? + +⑥〔喻〕知晓,明白。 + +⑦〔质胜文则野〕质朴超过文采就会粗野鄙俗。质,质朴、朴实。文,华美、文采。野,粗野、鄙俗。 + +⑧〔史〕虚饰,浮夸。 + +⑨〔文质彬彬〕文质兼备,配合适当的样子。 + +⑩〔弘毅〕志向远大,意志坚强。弘,广,大,这里指志向远大。 + +⑪[未成一篑(kuì)]只差一筐土没有成功。篑,盛土的竹筐。 + +⑫〔止,吾止也〕停下来,是我自己停下来的。 + +⑬〔平地〕填平洼地。 + diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00069.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00069.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..2e946b518d51b298d87758ff57527141e22d1e40 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00069.md @@ -0,0 +1,62 @@ +行者有志$^{①}$。不失其所者久$^{②}$,死而不亡者寿$^{③}$。(第三十三章) + +其安易持$^{④}$,其未兆易谋$^{⑤}$,其脆易泮$^{⑥}$,其微易散$^{⑦}$。为之于未有$^{⑧}$,治之于未乱。合抱之木,生于毫末$^{⑨}$;九层之台,起于累土$^{⑩}$;千里之行,始于足下。为者败之$^{⑪}$,执者失之$^{⑫}$。是以圣人无为$^{⑬}$,故无败;无执,故无失。民之从事,常于几$^{⑭}$成而败之。慎终如始,则无败事。是以圣人欲不欲$^{⑮}$,不贵难得之货,学不学$^{⑯}$,复众人之所过$^{⑰}$,以辅万物之自然而不敢为。(第六十四章) + +## 五石之瓠$^{⑱}$ + +《庄子》 + +惠子谓庄子曰:“魏王贻我大瓠之种,我树$^{⑲}$之成而实五石$^{⑳}$。以盛水浆,其坚$^{㉑}$不能自举也。剖之以为瓢,则瓠落无所容$^{㉒}$。非不呺然$^{㉓}$大也,吾为其无用而掊$^{㉔}$之。”庄子曰:“夫子固拙于用大$^{㉕}$矣。宋人有善为不龟手之药$^{㉖}$者,世世以洴澼絖$^{㉗}$为事。客闻之请买其方百金。聚族而谋之曰:‘我世世为洴澼絖,不过数金。今一朝而鬻$^{㉘}$技百金,请与之。’客得之,以说$^{ ㉙}$吴王。越有难$^{㉚}$,吴 + +①〔强(qiǎng)行者有志〕勤勉而行的人有意志。 + +②[不失其所者久]不丧失立身之基的人能够长久。 + +③ [死而不亡者寿]死而不朽的人就是长寿。意思是,有道之人身死而道长存,这就是寿。 +④ [其安易持]事物安然未生变的时候容易持守。 +⑤ [其未堪堪] 问题还没有显露迹象的时候容易解决。 + +⑥〔其脆易泮〕事物脆弱的时候容易分离。泮,同“判”,分离。 +⑦〔其微易散〕事物细微的时候容易散失。 + +⑧〔为之于未有〕在事情未发生时就做。 +⑨〔毫末〕毫毛的末端。比喻极其细微的事物。 + +⑩〔累(léi)土〕一筐土。累,同“纂”,土筐。 +⑪〔为者败之〕动手去做的就会坏事。 + +⑫〔执者失之〕有所把持的就会失去。 + +⑬〔无为〕顺应自然,不有所作为。 +⑭〔几(jī)乎〕接近。 + +⑮〔欲不欲〕想要常人所不想要的。 +⑯〔学不学〕学习常人所不学习的。 + +⑰「复众人之所过」补救众人所犯的过错。复,弥补,补救。 + +⑱ 节选自《庄子·逍遥游》(《庄子集释》,中华书局 2004 年版)。题目是编者加的。石(shí).计算容量的单位,十斗为一石。瓠(hù)。葫芦。 + +⑲[树]:种植。 + +⑳〔实五石〕能容得下五石的东西。 + +㉑〔坚〕坚固。这里指大瓠的坚固程度。 + +㉒〔瓠(huò)落无所容〕宽大而没有什么可盛受的东西。瓠落,宽大空廓的样子。 + +㉓〔呺(xiǎo)然〕内中空虚而宽大的样子。 + +㉔〔掊(pǒu)〕击破。 + +㉕〔拙于用大〕不善于使用大的东西,不善于发挥事物的 “大” 的功用。 + +㉖(不龟(jūn)手之药)防止手冻裂的药物。龟,同“皲”,皮肤冻裂 + +㉗〔讲(píng)澼(pì)絖(kuàng)〕漂洗丝絮。讲澼,漂洗。絖,同 “纩”,丝绵絮。 + +㉘〔鬻(yù)〕卖。 + + ㉙〔说〕同“悦”,取悦。 + +㉚[越有难(nàn)]指越人发兵侵吴。 \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00070.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00070.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..db7e3e0183c8ba6c2d11147703393373222e391d --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00070.md @@ -0,0 +1,62 @@ +# 人民教育出版社 + +附录: + +## 综合性学习评价表 + +学习主题: _____________________________________ + +小组成绩:_____________________________________ + +被评价者:班级__________姓名__________日期__________ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
评价项目评价指标评 价
自选同学教师
①有礼貌 ②注意力集中 ③能否捕捉主要意思
①态度大方
②吐字清晰
③内容明确
信息搜集①能准确获取所需资料
②能对搜集到的资料进行归类整理
③能与同学分享资料
合作①能与同学合作
②能认真完成所分配的任务
③在团体中能够承担组员或组织者
等其他角色
综合评价自评:
互评:
+ +注:评价等级分 A、B、C、D 四级,各等级指标分别为:A——三项指标全部合格 B——运用两项指标 C——仅达到一项指标 D——未达标 + diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00071.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00071.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..fe093cd7f965a8d46d4fde6d45d7672162b09600 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00071.md @@ -0,0 +1,36 @@ +## 思考探究 + +一 反复朗读这首诗,说说哪些诗句最能表现诗人的豪迈气概。 + +二诗人通过对地名的连锁,描绘了一幅幅红军长征的画面,找出诗中表示地名的词,想一想这样写有什么好处。 + +三 品味下列诗句,体会加点词的表达效果。 + +1.五岭逶迤腾细浪,乌蒙磅礴走泥丸。 + +2. 金沙水拍云崖暖,大渡桥横铁索寒。 + +## 积累拓展 + +四背诵并默写这首诗。 + +五课外阅读毛泽东《菩萨蛮·大柏地》《十六字令三首》《忆秦娥·娄山关》《清平乐·六盘山》等诗词,进一步体会诗人的豪迈气概。 + +## 阅读链接 + +## 长征组歌(节选) + +萧华 + +突破封锁线 + +路迢迢,秋风凉。故重重,军情忙。 + +红军夜渡于都河,跨过五岭抢湘江。 + +三十昼夜飞行军,突破四道封锁墙。 + +不怕流血不怕苦,前仆后继杀虎狼。 + +全军想念毛主席,送客途中盼太阳。 + diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00072.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00072.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..98cbc60e68a02b3b96d107ad8795ee0db92050ac --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00072.md @@ -0,0 +1,52 @@ +## 遵义会议放光辉 + +苗岭秀,旭日升,百鸟啼,报新春。 + +遵义会议放光辉,全党全军齐欢庆。 + +万众欢呼毛主席,马列路线指航程。 + +雄狮刀坝告大捷,工农踊跃当红军。 + +英明领袖来掌舵,革命磅礴向前进。 + +## 四渡赤水出奇兵 + +横断山,路难行,天如火来水似银。 + +亲人送水来解渴,军民鱼水一家人。 + +横断山,路难行,敌重兵,压黔境。 + +战士双脚走天下,四渡赤水出奇兵。 + +乌江天险重飞渡,兵临贵阳逼昆明。 + +敌人弃甲丢烟枪,我军乘胜赶路程。 + +调虎离山袭金沙,毛主席用兵真如神。 + +## 飞越大渡河 + +水湍急,山峭耸,雄关险,豺狼凶。 + +健儿巧渡金沙江,兄弟民族夹道迎。 + +安顺场边孤舟勇,踩波踏浪歼敌兵。 + +昼夜兼程二百四,猛打穷追夺泸定。 + +铁索桥上显威风,勇士万代留英名。 + +## 过雪山草地 + +雪皑皑,野茫茫,高原寒,炊断粮。 + +红军都是钢铁汉,千锤百炼不怕难。 + +雪山低头迎远客,草毯泥毡扎营盘。 + +风雨侵衣骨更硬,野菜水饥志越坚。 + +官兵一致同甘苦,革命理想高于天。 + diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00073.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00073.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..1dc40a4b1eebc6a4ea1fae42158cf34300f4d9ee --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00073.md @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +## 到吴起镇 + +锣鼓响,秧歌起。黄河唱,长城喜。 +腊子口上降神兵,百丈悬崖当云梯。 +六盘山上红旗展,势如破竹扫敌骑。 +陕甘军民传喜讯,征师胜利到吴起。 +南北兄弟手携手,扩大前进根据地 + +## 大会师 + +红旗飘,军号响。战马吼,歌声亮。 +铁流两万五千里,红军威名天下扬。 +各路劲旅大会师,日寇胆破蒋魂丧。 +军也乐来民也乐,万水千山齐歌唱。 +歌唱领袖毛主席,歌唱伟大的共产党。 + +## 读读写写 +逶迤 泥丸 云崖 铁索 + + + + diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00074.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00074.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..e83eea2677e3e6d7885eae02f11e8d47934f9fa1 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00074.md @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +## 思考探究 +一 根据课文内容填空,并讲讲这个故事。 + +接受任务⇨ ⇨英勇跳崖 + +二、课文前3段对非亲马宝玉等人用的称呼是“战士”。从第4段起用的称呼是“壮士”。如何理解这种称呼上的变化? + +三 作者既对个体形象做了刻画,又对人物群像进行描摹。结合第6段,说说这种写法的好处。 + +## 积累拓展 + +四 读下列句子,注意加点的部分,体会五位壮士的英雄气概。再从课文中找出其他的语句,与同学交流。 + +1. 为了不让敌人发现群众和连队主力,班长马宝玉斩钉截铁地说了一声:“走!” 带头向棋盘陀走去。战士们热血沸腾,紧跟在班长后面。他们知道班长要把敌人引上绝路。 + +2. 他刚要拧开盖子,马宝玉抢前一步,夺过手榴弹插在腰间,猛地举起一块大石头,大声喊道:“同志们!用石头砸!” + +五 抗日战争期间,中华大地上涌现出许多像“狼牙山五壮士”一样可歌可泣的英雄人物。小组合作,搜集相关资料,并推选代表向全班同学介绍。 + +## 读读写写 + +
diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00075.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00075.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..8f3a89dfdf3f9c146acd600d396859c97c102e6c --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00075.md @@ -0,0 +1,26 @@ +13 古代诗歌三首 64 +浪淘沙(其一) / 刘禹锡 +江南春 / 杜牧 +书湖阴先生壁(其一) / 王安石 +写作 ____让生活更美好 66 + +语文园地 67 +第四单元 阅读 14 桥 / 谈歌 70 +15 穷人 / 列夫·托尔斯泰 73 +16* 金色的鱼钩 / 杨烁 77 +写作 笔尖流出的故事 85 +语文园地 86 +名著导读 《童年》 培养良好的阅读习惯 88 +第五单元 阅读 17 夏天里的成长 / 梁容若 96 +18 盼 / 铁凝 100 +19* 小站 / 袁鹰 104 +写作 写感受最深的人或事 106 +语文园地 107 +第六单元 阅读 20 月光曲 110 +21* 京剧趣谈 / 徐城北 112 +22 伯牙鼓琴 / 《吕氏春秋》 115 +23 书戴嵩画牛 / 苏轼 117 +写作 我的拿手好戏 119 +语文园地 120 + +综合性学习 遨游汉字王国 122 diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00076.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00076.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..6086fc6f39d8ff4d165537a121c08850e32a834c --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00076.md @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ +语文园地 + +## 交流平台 + +本单元的课文描写了大量的场面。比如彭德怀山上的阅兵战斗,开国大典中的盛大场面。在写法上,这些课文都注意通过句群整体和局部刻画来写好场面。如《开国大典》既从整体上描写了红旗招展、群众云集的盛况,又从局部刻画了毛泽东主席发布宣言、检阅升旗电报、宣读公告,向阅兵部队和游行群众致意的情景。这让我们不仅感受到整个典礼的庄严、隆重,还感受到人民群众对伟大领袖的热爱之情。 + +在平时的阅读中,你是否也读过类似的场面描写?在自己的习作中,你是怎样写场面的?和同学交流。 + +## 词句段运用 + +读下列句子,注意加点的部分,说说这样写的好处。 + +⟡ 起初是全场肃静,只听见炮声和乐曲声,只听见国旗和其他许多旗帜飘拂的声音,…… + +⟡ 那里的天比别处的更可爱,空气是那么清鲜,天空是那么明朗,使我总想高歌一曲,表示我满心的愉快。 + +写人物说话时,可以不用“说”来表达,读句子,仿照着写一写。 + +○ 清明节前的一个晚上,我又漫步在广场上。忽然背后传来一声赞叹:“多好啊!” + +○ “我还有作业没完成,不能和你一起去玩了。”我婉言谢绝了伙伴的邀请。 + +这两个句子分别用“赞叹”“婉言谢绝”代替了“说”。我还想到了“谈论、讲解、窃窃私语......” + +○ “既然这样,你以后再也不要找我借书了!”话一出口,我就后悔了。 + +○ 妈妈俯下身子盯着我的眼睛,一脸焦急:“你的眼睛怎么肿了?” + +也可以不用与“说”有关的词语...... diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00077.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00077.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..049bdd7742748694a7b2cfe610b3f0e66d1f2c26 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00077.md @@ -0,0 +1,27 @@ + +## 狱中联欢 +几个戴着脚镣的同志,在往常放风的地坝中间扭起秧歌。沉重的铁镣,撞击得叮当作响,成了节奏强烈的伴奏。欢乐的歌舞里,充满了对黑暗势力的轻蔑。看啊,还有什么节目比得上这种顽强而鲜明的高歌曼舞! + +狂热的掌声,送走了一间牢房的节目,又迎来另一间牢房的表演。人潮卷来卷去,地坝变成了绝妙的露天舞台。 + +楼下四室的“报幕员”宣布:“我们的节目是歌舞表演,表演开始!”只见铁门哗啦一开,一连串的人影,打着空心筋斗,翻了出来。博得同志们齐声喝彩。接着,几个人聚拢来,站成一个圆圈,又有几个人跑上去站在他们肩上,又有人再爬上去......一层、两层、三层......他们在叠罗汉。最上边站着一个人,满脸兴奋的微笑,站得比集中营中的高墙、电网更高,手里拿着一面红殷殷的鲜艳的红旗,遥望着远处的云山。 + +(节选自罗广斌、杨益言《红岩》,有改动) + +## 书写提示 + +下面是两位同学的书写作品。我们也来试着写一写,举办一次书写作品展览。 + +游子吟 +慈母手中线,游子身上衣。 +临行密密缝,意恐迟迟归。 +谁言寸草心,报得三春晖。 + +○ 注意行款整齐,布局合理。 + +○ 书写应正确。应避免错别字和不规范的汉字。 + +○ 养成自我检视的习惯,不断提高书写水平。 + +我最亲爱的孩子啊!母亲不用千言万语来教育你,就用实行来教育你。在你长大成人之后,希望不要忘记你的母亲是为国而牺牲的! +摘自《赵一曼写给儿子的信》xxx书 diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00078.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00078.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..0f7cd77a3fac403b2ce4a1cd129edb00e0b27f95 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00078.md @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +## 普通高中课程标准实验教科书 + +## 语文 + +## 选修 + +## 中国古代诗歌散文欣赏 + +人民教育出版社 课程教材研究所 + +中学语文课程教材研究开发中心 编著 + +北京大学中文系 语文教育研究所 + +人民教育出版社 + diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00079.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00079.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..249ca09248acfd45f23dfd55ac27f34e58c37561 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00079.md @@ -0,0 +1,42 @@ +## 探究·讨论 + +一 背诵这首词。 + +诵读提示:《苏幕遮》双调62字,押仄韵到底。注意“否”“浦”两字古今音有别,在当时与此词前面的韵字同属上声“语”韵。 + +二 这首词上片写景,下片抒情,段落极其分明,但是情景之间关联密切。想想二者有什么关系,联系两片之间感情纽带的是哪个意象。 + +三 王国维认为这首词中“水面清圆,一 一风荷举”两句,“真能得荷之神理者”(《人间词话》),你如何理解王国维的这个评价? + +## 相关链接 + +## 一、后人对周邦彦词风的评价 + +1. 强焕曰:美成词,抚写物态,曲尽其妙。自题所居曰“顾曲堂”。 + +(沈雄《古今词话·词评》上卷) + +2.(《苏幕遮》)上阕,若有意,若无意,使人目眩。 + +(周济《宋四家词选》) + +## 二、选录宋代咏荷词二首 + +## 甘草子 + +柳永 + +秋暮。乱洒衰荷,颗颗真珠雨。雨过月华生,冷彻鸳鸯浦。 池上凭阑愁无侣。奈此个、单栖情绪。却傍金笼共鹦鹉,念粉郎言语。 + +(《乐章集》卷上) + +## 系裙腰 + +张 先 + +惜霜蟾照夜云天。朦胧影、画勾阑。人情纵似长情月,算一年年。又能得、几番圆。 + +欲寄西江题叶字,流不到、五亭前。东池始有荷新绿,尚小如钱。问何日藕,几时莲。 + +(《张子野词》) + diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00080.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00080.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..ed65216d6eba75bf281b2a432cfc520b2a1ac9d4 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00080.md @@ -0,0 +1,55 @@ + +2. 从项羽主演的“溃围、斩将、刈旗”的快战中,你看到项羽是怎样的人? + +3. 项羽在乌江边拒渡、赐马、赠头,表现了哪些性格特点? + +二 熟读课文,完成下面各题。 + +1. 解释下列句子中加点的词语。 + +(1)期山东为三处 + +(2) 辟易数里 + +(3)与其骑会为三处 + +(4) 项王身亦被十余创 + +2. 体会下列各组句子中,加点的字的意义和用法的异同。 + +(1) $\begin{cases} 遂斩汉一将 \\ 山东豪俊遂并起而亡秦族矣(《过秦论》) \end{cases}$ + +(2) $\begin{cases} \text{项王乃驰,复斩汉一都尉} \\ \text{当立者乃公子扶苏(《陈涉世家》)} \end{cases}$ + +(3) $\begin{cases} \text{汉军至,无以渡} \\ \text{不积小流,无以成江海(《劝学》)} \end{cases}$ + +(4) $\begin{cases} \text{且籍与江东子弟八千人渡江而西} \\ \text{且行千里,其谁不知} \end{cases}$ + +三 联系必修课中学过的《鸿门宴》,思考下列问题。 + +1. 在《鸿门宴》中,项羽性格的哪些方面已经显现?还有哪些没有写到的方面在本篇中作了充分的表现? + +2. 司马迁写人物,有时是一场写多人,有时是连续集中地写一人。请从这一角度,分析《鸿门宴》和《项羽之死》对项羽的写法有什么不同。 + +四 司马迁非常善于用简练生动的语言表现情境和人物的性格与心理,请细读下面几处,并进行分析。 + +1.《项羽本纪》“钜鹿之战”一节,写项羽大破秦军,召见诸侯,诸侯“无不膝行而前,莫敢仰视”。本篇写项羽悲歌泣下时,“左右皆泣,莫能仰视”。“敢”与“能”一字之别,表现了怎样不同的情境? + +2. 项羽面临败亡时,多次强调“此天之亡我,非战之罪也”,这表现了项羽怎样复杂的心理? + +3. “愿为诸君快战”。联系当时的军事形势和项羽心理,此处用“快战”比用“决战”等词好在哪里? + +五△项羽该不该过江东,历来意见不一。试就这一问题发表自己的看法。 + +## 相关链接 + +## 一、司马迁对项羽的评价 + +太史公曰$^①$:(项羽)自矜功伐,奋其私智而不师古,谓霸王之业,欲以力征经营天下,五年卒亡其国,身死东城,尚不觉悟,而不自责,过矣。乃引“天亡我,非用兵之罪也”岂不谬哉! + +(《史记·项羽本纪》) + +## 二、后人咏项羽诗 + +①(太史公曰)《史记》中司马迁的论赞之辞。多半是总结性的话语,或特地阐明立篇之意,或补充篇中所未及之事。 + diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00081.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00081.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..5a144c7d32b65b0615390d16a0716d8d1d1167ed --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00081.md @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +## 普通高中课程标准实验教科书 + +## 语文 + +## 选修 + +## 中国文化经典研读 + +人民教育出版社 课程教材研究所 + +中学语文课程教材研究开发中心 编著 + +北京大学中文系 语文教育研究所 + + + +人民教育出版社 + diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00082.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00082.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..77e576a4b3f57479f46572ad85d9de4e2167e27c --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00082.md @@ -0,0 +1,35 @@ +## 知识链接 + +古代书籍 中国古代文化典籍丰富多彩,书籍的形式也是多种多样的。从最古的甲骨刻辞、青铜器铭文、石刻文字,到竹简、帛书和写、印在纸上的书籍,千差万别。 + +殷,西周时期,人们将占卜卜辞、重要历史事件等用文字记录下来,形成了甲骨刻辞、青铜铭文、石鼓文字等。不过,它们还没有形成书籍的形态。正规书籍大致出现于春秋末期。相传孔子删订“六经”,读《易》而“韦编三绝”,可见这时已出现了竹木筒的书。此外还有写在丝织物上的书,称为“帛书”、“素书”或“缣书”。东汉蔡伦改进了造纸技术,使书籍的制作材料发生重大变革。不过,隋唐以前,纸书的制作主要靠手写。至迟在隋末唐初,雕版印刷术的发明,大大促进了书籍的发展。我国现存最早的木刻印本书是《陀罗尼经咒》,这是一张唐刻梵文经咒。而北宋时毕昇首先使用泥活字印刷书籍,也为快速印制书籍创造了条件。从此,纸质刻印书籍大量普及。 + +四库全书《四库全书》是我国最大的丛书,编纂开始于清乾隆三十七年(1772),历时15年始成。共收书3503种,79337卷,大约9.97亿字,装订成36304册。全书分经、史、子、集四部,故名四库全书。这套丛书保存整理了大量的历史文献。曾分抄七部,分别贮放在宫内的文渊阁、奉天行宫的文溯阁、圆明园的文源阁;热河的文津阁、扬州的文汇阁、镇江的文宗阁、杭州的文澜阁。文汇、文宗均毁于战火;文源被英法侵略军焚毁;文澜所藏也多散失,经后人补抄配齐。近年海峡两岸的出版机构都曾分别影印出版《四库全书》。另外,还有电子版的《四库全书》问世,极便查阅。 + +常用文史工具书 阅读古代文化经典,经常需要使用一些专业的工具书查找有关的词语、典故等,《汉语大词典》收列单字56 000个左右,《汉语大词典》收列词目约37万条,这两部书是目前收字、词量最大的工具书。不过,一般古籍的词语、典故问题查阅《辞源》就可以解决了,《辞源》虽然是一部中型辞书,但它是以专阅读古籍为编纂目的的,因此,很便于查考常见词语。另外,《中国人名大辞典》《中国古今地名大辞典》《中国历史年代简表》等,也是常用的工具书。 + + + +祭祀狩猎涂朱 +牛骨刻辞 + + + +禽簋铭 + + + +峄山刻石 + + + +居延汉简 + + + +帛书《老子》 + + + +《四书章句集注》 + diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00083.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00083.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..7af5a79604cae3729a2594f4657d8e02d2c208d4 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00083.md @@ -0,0 +1,40 @@ +## 8《天工开物》两则$^{①}$ + +宋应星 + +## 稻 + +凡稻种最多。不粘者,禾曰秔$^{②}$,米曰粳$^{③}$;粘者,禾曰稌$^{④}$,米曰糯(南方无粘黍$^{⑤}$,酒皆糯米所为)。质本粳而晚收带粘(俗名婺源光$^{⑥}$之类),不可为酒,只可为粥者,又一种性也。凡稻谷形有长芒、短芒(江南名长芒者曰浏阳早$^{⑦}$,短芒者曰吉安早$^{⑧}$)、长粒、尖粒、圆顶、扁面不一。其中米色有雪白、牙黄、大赤、半紫、杂黑不一。 + +湿种$^{⑨}$之期,最早者春分以前,名为社种$^{⑩}$(遇天寒有冻死不生者),最迟者后于清明。凡播种,先以稻、麦稿$^{⑪}$包浸数日,俟其生芽,撒于田中,生出寸许,其名曰秧。秧生三十日,即拔起分栽。若田逢旱干、水溢$^{⑫}$,不可插秧。秧过期老而长节,即$^{⑬}$栽于亩中,生谷数粒,结果而已。凡秧田一亩所生秧,供移栽二十五亩。 + + + +《天工开物》插图 + +凡秧既分栽后,早者七十日即收获(粳有救公饥$^{⑭}$、喉下急$^{⑮}$,糯有金包银$^{⑯}$之类。方语$^{⑰}$百千,不可殚述),最迟者历夏及冬$^{⑱}$二百日方收获。其冬季播种、仲夏即收者,则广南之稻,地无霜雪故也。凡稻旬日失水,即愁旱干。夏种秋收之谷,必山间源水不绝之亩,其谷种亦耐久,其土脉亦寒,不催苗$^{⑲}$也。湖滨之田,待夏潦$^{⑳}$已过,六月方栽者。其秧立夏播种,撒藏高亩$^{㉑}$之上,以待时也。 + +南方平原,田多一岁两栽两获者。其再栽秧, + +①原文据《天工开物译注》(潘吉星译注,上海古籍出版社1993年版)。宋应星(1587—?),字长庚,奉新人,明代科学家。 +②〔秔〕音jīng。 +③〔粳〕音jīng。 +④〔稌〕音tú。 +⑤〔黍〕黄米。拓书中的字为作者原注。 +⑥〔婺源光〕江西婺源一带的稻种。 +⑦〔浏阳早〕湖南浏阳一带的旱稻种。 +⑧〔吉安早〕江西吉安一带的早稻种。 +⑨〔湿种〕漫湿稻种。 +⑩〔社种〕社日浸种,古时以立春和立秋后的第五个戊日称为春社和秋社。此处指春社。 +⑪〔稻、麦稿〕稻秆、麦秸。 +⑫〔水溢〕积水过多。 +⑬〔即〕即使。 +⑭〔赦公饥〕又名五十日旱,生长期短,小暑前即熟,但收获量少,农家也只是插几亩,以备五月荒田,所以称为“赦公饥”。 +⑮〔喉下急〕一种早造早熟稻种。 +⑯〔金包银〕一种早造糯稻,因谷壳金色,米质纯白而得名。 +⑰〔方语〕方言,土语。 +⑱〔历夏及冬〕经历整个夏天,直到冬天。 +⑲〔催苗〕催苗速长。 +⑳〔潦(liào)〕雨水大。 +㉑〔高亩〕地势高的土地中。 + diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00084.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00084.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..2cc8f0e4482925b4a17902095108d9a04603c5dc --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00084.md @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +## 麻叶洞天$^{①}$ + +徐霞客 + +十七日 去上清$^{②}$三里,得麻叶洞。洞在麻叶湾,西为大岭$^{③}$,南为洪碧$^{④}$,东为云阳、枣核之支$^{⑤}$,北则枣核西垂$^{⑥}$。大岭东转,束涧$^{⑦}$下流,夹峙如门;而当门一峰,耸石岘突$^{⑧}$,为将军岭;涧捣$^{⑨}$其西,而枣核之支,西至此尽。涧西有石崖南向,环如展翅,东瞰涧中,而大岭之支,亦东至此尽。回崖$^{⑩}$之下,亦开一隙,浅不能入。崖前有小溪,自西而东,经崖前入于大涧。循小溪至崖之西胁乱石间,水穷于下,窍启于上,即麻叶洞也。洞口南向,大仅如斗,在石隙中转折数级而下。 + +初觅炬倩$^{⑪}$导,亦俱以炬应,而无敢导者。曰:“此中有神龙。”或曰:“此中有精怪。非有法术者,不能摄服。”最后以重资觅一人,将脱衣入,问余乃儒者,非羽士$^{⑫}$,复惊而出曰:“予以为大师$^{⑬}$,故欲随入,若读书人,余岂能以身殉耶?”余乃过前村,寄行李于其家,与顾仆$^{⑭}$各持束炬入。时村民之随至洞口数十人,樵者腰镰,耕者荷锄,妇之炊者停爨⑮,织者投杼,童子之牧者,行人之负载者,接踵而至,皆莫能从。 + + + +清嘉庆本《徐霞客游记》 + +余两人乃以足先入,历级转窦$^{⑯}$,递炬而下,数转至洞底。洞稍宽,可以侧身矫首$^{⑰}$,乃始以炬前向。其东西裂隙,俱无入处,直北有穴,低仅一尺,阔亦如之,然其下甚燥而平。乃先以炬入,后蛇伏以进,背磨腰贴,以身后耸$^{⑱}$,乃度此内洞之一关。其内裂隙既高,东西亦横亘$^{⑲}$,然亦无入处。又度第二关,其隘与低与前一辙,进法亦如之。既入,内层亦横裂,其西南裂者不甚深,其东北裂者上一石坳$^{⑳}$,忽又纵裂而起,上穹$^{㉑}$下狭,高不见顶。至此石幻异形,肤理$^{㉒}$顿换,片窍俱灵$^{㉓}$。其西北之峡,渐入渐束,内夹一缝,不能容炬。转从东南之峡,仍下一坳,其底砂石平铺,如涧底洁溜$^{ ㉔}$,第$^{㉕}$干燥无水,不特免揭厉$^{㉖}$,且免沾污也。峡之东南尽处,乱石轰驾$^{㉗}$,若楼台层叠,由其隙皆可攀跻而上。其上石 + + + +①原文据《徐霞客游记》《上海古籍出版社1980年版》。徐霞客(1587—1641),名弘祖,字振之,号霞客,南直隶江阴(今属江苏)人。明代散文家、地理学家。应试不第之后,以“问奇于名山大川为志”,三十余年游览了大半个中国,备尝艰险,观察所得,按日记载,除部分教佚外,编为《徐霞客游记》。本文节选自“楚游日记”。麻叶洞在今湖南茶陵西。 +②《上清》上清洞,在麻叶洞北。③〔大岭〕在麻叶洞西,东与云阳山对峙,所连山脊为龙头岭。 +④《洪碧》碧碧山。⑤《云阳、枣核支支》云阳山和枣核岭的支脉。⑥《西垂》西端,西麓。⑦《来洞》夹洞。两崖挺迸,湄流受来。⑧(柘(wù)突)山顶光秃秃的,突出耸立着。⑨〔捣〕冲击。 +⑩〔田崖〕环转的山崖。⑪〔楮〕请或夹夹。⑫〔羽士〕道士。⑬《大师》大法师,指能除妖降魔的道士之类。 +⑭〔顾卜〕名行,徐霞客家仆,从茶核九年(1636)开始,一直随霞客游历各地,但后来在鸡足山劫掠财物而逃。⑮〔樊(cuàn)〕烧火做饭。⑯〔历级转窦〕踏着一级一级的石阶进入洞中。⑰〔桥首〕抬头。 +⑱〔背磨腰贴,以身后筅〕背部擦着洞壁,腰部贴着地面,下身向后翘起;(用力往前挺进)。⑲〔横〕贯通之意。⑳〔召坳〕凹陷的石洞。㉑〔穷〕高广。㉒〔肤理〕石头的纹理、花纹。㉓〔片窍俱灵〕每一小块、每一小孔都很神奇。㉔〔洁溜〕光滑。㉕〔第〕但。㉖〔不转免揭(qi)历〕不只是避免涉水而过。诗经·邺风·艳有苦叶:“深则厉,浅则揭。”即水深时穿着衣服过河。水浅时提起衣服过河。㉗〔轰驾〕高叠。驾,通“架”。 + diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00085.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00085.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..02dbb26e04304d3f4b71bbd29d2992054cadb04a --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00085.md @@ -0,0 +1,33 @@ +第四单元 修齐治平 ………………………………………… (34) +经典原文 +4 《大学》节选 ………………………………………… (35) +相关读物 +《中庸》节选 ………………………………………… (36) +大视野 + + 院士谈做人 ……………………… ………………… (40) +第五单元 佛理禅趣 ………………………………………… (42) +经典原文 +5 《坛经》两则 ………………………………………… (43) +相关读物 +《百喻经》六则 ………………………………………… (44) +大视野 +诗与禅(节选) ………………………………………… 袁行霈 (47) +第六单元 家国天下 ………………………………………… (49) +经典原文 +6 求谏 ………………………………………… 吴兢 (50) +相关读物 +原君(节选) ………………………………………… 黄宗羲 (51) +大视野 +海瑞骂皇帝 ………………………………………… 吴晗 (55) +第七单元 天理人欲 ………………………………………… (57) +经典原文 +7 《朱子语类》三则 ………………………………………… 朱熹 (58) +相关读物 +童心说 ………………………………………… 李贽 (59) +大视野 +人生的境界 ………………………………………… 冯友兰 (63) +第八单元 科学之光 ………………………………………… (65) +经典原文 +8 《天工开物》两则 ………………………………………… 宋应星 (66) + diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00086.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00086.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..2b5b1489bcb169e2fe2179c345f54b4caf2b5a87 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00086.md @@ -0,0 +1,27 @@ +体与受众、受众与受众间的互动。网络新闻的后边一般都有评论栏和评分栏。在阅读了某条新闻之后,鼓励读者就此发表意见或给该条新闻评分。例如2004年在新华社记者披露了广东陆丰部分官员公款豪吃后,网友在新华网上就此事发表的评论: + +
网友就 决不能放过吃人民的人 发表评论 IP:218.12.73.*
看到以上的不鸣风使人吃一惊,现在我们国家的领导人对待这个普遍存在的问题已经有了新的制约办法,我想在不远的将来社会风气会好的。
网友就 谁在“人民大厦”吃人民 发表评论 IP:219.156.139.*
铺张浪费、肆意挥霍人民财产也是犯罪!对此必须严惩不贷,坚决不能放过。
网友就 决不能放过吃人民的人 发表评论 IP:218.15.122.*
很感谢记者同志的真实报道,我是陆丰本地人,陆丰该是清查那些腐败的时候了。我可以向全国人民发誓,记者同志的报道是真实的。
+ +以上我们充分领略了网络新闻的魅力,但网络新闻的崛起是否意味着像报纸这样的传统媒介即将退出历史舞台呢?对于这个问题国内外都有争论。看看争论双方的观点吧—— + +
报纸会灭亡报纸不会灭亡
网络新闻的多媒体内容,形式丰富多样。
网络新闻及时性强,可以滚动报道,即时翻新。
网络新闻不需要纸,更适合环境保护的需要。
......
报纸可以在公交车上读。
阅读网络新闻所需要的设备(如电脑)成本太高,报纸便宜。
报纸是广告商投放广告的理想媒介。
网上阅读对视力有损害。
+ +通过比较可以看出,在目前阶段,网络与报纸平分秋色,甚至可以相互借助、共同发展。但随着科技日新月异的发展,网络媒介会不会彻底击败报纸,就要靠时间来检验了。你支持哪一种意见?理由呢? + +## 思考与探究 + +一 阅读下面两则新闻,说说它们在结构上有什么不同? + +## 鲍威尔宣布辞职 + +【新华社华盛顿(2004年)11月15日电】据美国国务院官员15日透露,美国国务卿鲍威尔已于12日向布什总统递交了辞呈。美国白宫将在15日晚些时候正式宣布鲍威尔的辞职声明。 + +布什目前正在考虑赢得连任后组建新内阁的工作,目前可能接替鲍威尔的人选包括美国总统国家安全事务助理赖斯和美国驻联合国大使丹福斯。 + +鲍威尔 1937 年 4 月 5 日出生于纽约,牙买加移民后裔。 + +2000年12月16日,美国当选总统乔治·W·布什提名他为国务卿,成为美国历史上第一位黑人国务卿。 + +## 刘胡兰慷慨就义 + +【新华社晋绥文水县1947年2月7日电】文水县云周西村17岁的女共产党员刘胡兰,在上月12日被阎军逮捕,当众审讯。阎军问她是不是共产党员,她回答:“是。”又问:“为什么参加共产党?”“共 diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00087.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00087.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..b3a8391679f14870029bce98ba274093799c3dca --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00087.md @@ -0,0 +1,42 @@ +月白背心……(鲁迅《祝福》) + +B. 绿幽幽的竹园,绿生生的瓜,绿油油的菜畦,绿翠翠的豆英……(张宣强《农家》) + +C. 天气渐渐暖和了,柳树枝头已经绽出了鹅黄色的嫩芽。(吴运铎《把一切献给党》) + +D. 他抬起脸来看看天,天,黄古隆冬的。(蔡天心《大地的青春》) + +E. 独裁政权沉云黑,解放旌旗满地红。(朱德《寄南征诸将》) + +F. 青春应当是鲜红的,永远地鲜红——生命只属于这样的人。苍白的、黯淡的生命,只是宇宙间一闪而逝的轻尘。(杨沫《青春是鲜红的》) + +G. 西域拂郎国遣使献马一匹,……驭者其国人,黄须碧眼,服二色窄衣,言语不可通,以意谕之,凡七度海洋,始达中国。(周伯琦《天马行应制作并序》) + +H. 我父亲终于决定送我出去留学,附加条件是:不准娶个红毛绿眼睛的外国婆子回家,这一点,我倒是“遵命”了。(黄佐临《旧社会回忆点滴》) + +1. 去年今日此门中,人面桃花相映红。(崔护《题都城南庄》) + +J. 寂寞泉台,今夜呼君遍,朦胧见鬼灯一线,露出桃花面。(黄仲则《点绛唇》) + +K. 六十年代,美国产生了黑色幽默。 + +L. 我国严禁黄色刊物出版发行。 + +
客观色彩形象色彩感情色彩象征义引中义
句子编号
+ +## 语言也是“彩色”的 + +同样是赤、橙、黄、绿、青、蓝、紫这些色彩词,为什么表达的意义和效果却不尽相同甚至大相径庭呢?下面按照不同的色彩分类做些分析。 + +例句 A 和 G 表现的都是客观色彩。比如例句 A 以黑、白、月白、蓝等色彩,勾画出服丧的祥林嫂朴素、洁净的服饰特征,给人温和、利落的印象。 + +例句 B 和 C 则采用了形象色彩的手段,用 “幽幽、生生、油油、翠翠” 等来修饰 “绿”,突出了竹林的幽深、瓜的鲜嫩、菜畦的润泽、豆荚的饱满,用 “小鹅绒毛” 来修饰 “黄”,工笔描绘,各得神采,给人以清新的色泽感,温暖而赏心悦目。 + +例句 D “黄古隆冬” 表现的也是一种形象色彩,而且口语词更使人感觉朴实亲切。 + +例句 E 和 F 是色彩词的象征意义。这种色彩义虽不是词语的固定意义,但已被广泛接受。红色象征革命和热情,黑色象征反动,苍白则表示对生活缺乏信心和勇气。 + +例句 G 和 H 正好形成鲜明的对比。比如例句 G 中的 “黄须碧眼” 只是客观描写,没有什么感情色彩,但例句 H 中的感情色彩就十分鲜明,不仅把 “发” 改成 “毛”,同时又将 “红” 和 “毛” 搭配来修饰人,从而产生一种贬义。 + +例句I和J也同样表明了作者不同的感情色彩。例句I说在春光明媚的日子里,少女 + diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00088.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00088.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..35fd8a708e450475c137b03e86cd03fd53a886a7 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00088.md @@ -0,0 +1,31 @@ +## 第二节 古今言殊 + +## ——汉语的昨天和今天 + +## 引子:秀才买柴 + +传说过去有一个酸秀才到街上买柴。见到卖柴的农民,秀才喊道:“荷薪者过来!”卖柴的农民听懂了“过来”二字,便走了过来。秀才问:“其价几何?”因为有一个“价”字,农民猜可能问价,便说了价钱。秀才嫌贵,便摇头晃脑地说:“外实而内虚,烟多而焰少,请损之。”这下农民不知道秀才说了些什么,便挑着担子走了。 + +秀才说的话,农民听不懂。这是怎么回事呢?原来很长时间以来,文人作文说话总爱刻意仿古,也就是用所谓的“文言”。文言其实是很早以前的汉语口语,只不过汉语的口语从古到今发生了很大变化,文言变成了一般人不懂的书面语。因此卖柴的农民听了秀才的话才不知所云。 + +## 课堂活动:古人云,今人说 + +为了了解古今汉语的差异,先来阅读文言文《邹忌讽齐王纳谏》中的一段文字: + +邹忌修八尺有余,而形貌昳丽。朝服衣冠,窥镜,谓其妻曰:“我孰与城北徐公美?”其妻曰:“君美甚,徐公何能及君也?”城北徐公,齐国之美丽者也。忌不自信……旦日,客从外来,与坐谈,问之客曰:“吾与徐公孰美?”客曰:“徐公不若君之美也。” + +## 古今词义 + +首先可以通过比较文中词语的古今差异来理解古今词义的演变。 + +(1) 有些古代汉语的词,意义没怎么变,但是现在已经不能单独使用了。例如: + +古:形 貌 衣 镜 妻 自 修 + ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ +今:体形 容貌 衣服 镜子 妻子 自己 修长 + +通过上述比较,可以看出:古代汉语以单音节的词为主,发展到现代汉语大多已变成了双音节词,原词往往只是作为多音节词里的一个构词成分,或者作为成语的一个组成成分,如“形影不离、衣冠楚楚、破镜重圆、自以为是”等。 + +(2) 有些古代汉语的词只在某些情况下才使用,一般则被另一个词代替了。 + +比如文中的“之、其”等词就属于这种情况。以古代汉语里使用非常频繁的“之”为 diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00089.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00089.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..2b01aa3ad402724682d66b0f80b4a153775364e5 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00089.md @@ -0,0 +1,49 @@ +例。古代“之”的一个重要用法是放在两个名词成分中间表示领属性修饰关系(相当于现代汉语的“的”),如“城北徐公,齐国之美丽者也”。现代汉语只在某些固定词语或词组里还保留着“之”的这个用法;如“……之上、……之中、……之后、三分之一、原因之一、一技之长、音乐之声”等。而“北京大学之图书馆,香格里拉之神奇风光”等就不大能说了,“之”必须换成“的”。 + +(3)有些古代汉语的词的某个意义(即某个义项)在现代汉语中已经消失了。 + +比如 “服、窥” 这两个词就有这种现象。以 “服” 为例。“服” 在古代汉语中有以下义项:① “衣服、服装”。例如《离骚》“进不入以离尤兮,退将复修吾初服”(想为国君效劳不被接纳,反而遭祸,退下来就重新修饰我当初的服装吧)。现代汉语 “校服、制服” 都用的是这个意义。② “服务”。例如《论语·为政》“有事,弟子服其劳”(有事情,让弟子来为您服务)。现代汉语 “服务” 中用的就是这个意义。③ “食用,特指吃药”。例如《礼记·曲礼》“医不三世,不服其药”(不是祖传三代的医生,不吃他的药)。现代汉语 “服药、服用、口服” 等词语还保留了这个意义。而上文中的 “朝服衣冠” 中的 “服”,是个动词,表示 “穿衣、佩带” 的意思。这样的用法还见于《论衡》“服五采之服”。但是在现代汉语里已经没有这样的用法了。 + +## 🌸古今句式 + +下面再选取文中几个典型的句子,比较一下古今汉语句子结构样式的不同。 + +原句: + +(1) 我孰与城北徐公美? + +(2) 城北徐公,齐国之美丽者也。 + +(3) 君美甚。 + +(4) 忌不自信。 + +(5) 与坐谈。 + +(6) 不若君之美。 + +译文: + +(1) 我跟城北徐公比哪个漂亮? + +(2) 城北的徐公是齐国的美男子。 + +(3) 您漂亮极了。 + +(4) 邹忌不相信自己(比徐公漂亮)。 + +(5)(邹忌)跟(他)一起坐下来交谈。 + +(6) 不如您漂亮。 + +比较上面的句子,可以看出古今汉语句子结构的三种变化: + +(1)首先看以下几个句子:“我孰与城北徐公美”,“城北徐公,齐国之美丽者也”,“忌不自信”,“与坐谈”。以上这些句式在现代汉语里已经消失了,也就是同样的意思现在不这么说了。 + + + + + +(2)再看“不若君之美”这句话。在现代汉语中一般不会说“不如您的漂亮”,而是直接说成“不如您漂亮”。文言句式跟现代汉语句式虽然大体相似,但现代汉语的句式有了一些改变。 + +(3) 除了上文中出现的两种情况,还有一 \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00090.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00090.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..aad88a8740b335f033e9cfd8ceb3f3b639079491 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00090.md @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +对其他地方的方言,又了解多少呢? + +## 课堂活动:乡音知多少 + +下面是一则名叫《北风和太阳》的小故事。大家先用普通话念一遍,再试着用你家乡的方言读一下,看看是否别有一番滋味。 + +有一回,北风跟太阳在那儿争论谁的本事大。争来争去就是分不出高低来。这时候路上来了个走道儿的,他身上穿着件厚大衣。他们俩就说好了,谁能先叫这个走道儿的脱下他的厚大衣,就算谁的大本事。北风就使劲儿地刮起来了,不过他越是刮得厉害,那个走道儿的把大衣裹得越紧。后来北风没法儿了,只好就算了。过了一会儿,太阳出来了。他火辣辣地一晒,那个走道儿的马上就把那件厚大衣脱下来了。这下子北风只好承认,他们俩当中还是太阳的本事大。 + + + +如果是用粤语讲这个故事,一个不懂粤语的人可能就完全听不懂了。不仅如此,就是用粤语的词语把上面那段话写下来,差别也不小呢: + +有一次,北风同日头噱果度拗边个慨本事大。拗噱拗去就系分唔出高低。呢阵时条路度嗥吃个行路嘅人,但着住件厚大楼。但哋两个就讲定哇,边个能够使得呢个行路人除低佰件厚大楼,就算边个嘅本事大。北风就出力噱刮起上嚟嘞,不过佰越系刮得犀利,果个行路嘅人将件楼揽到越实。后尾北风有计嘞,惟有就算数嘞。过哇一阵,日头出嚟嘞。但火辣辣嗽一晒,果个行路嘅人即刻就将果件厚大楼除落嚟嘞。呢下北风惟有承认,但哋两个中间仲系日头慨本事大。 + +比较上面两个分别用普通话和粤语讲的同一个故事,我们可以发现二者在语音、词汇和语法上都有一些不同的地方。大家不妨试着找找有哪些地方不一样。 + +## “听不懂”的读音 + +粤语在语音上跟普通话的差别很大,最主要的特点是:有“-p/-t/-k”等塞音韵尾的韵母,也就是有入声;韵母中的元音有长音和短音的区别;有九种声调,比普通话多得多;没有“zh/ch/sh”和“z/c/s”这样的声母;也没有轻声、儿化之类的现象。 + +## “变了样”的词语 + +粤语的词语跟普通话也很不一样,有的是由于读音不同,所以说成(写成)了不同的词,还有的是用了跟普通话完全不同的方言词。比如第三人称代词不说“他”,而是说 \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00091.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00091.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..4383107da7b308375a17e92590c33db23492a699 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00091.md @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +以上两段资料是分别从《康熙字典》和《新华字典》中截取下来的。每段资料中都包含了多个单字条,但是有四个单字条是它们共有的,这就是“语、言、文、字”四个字。你能不能在这两本字典中区分这些单字条下哪部分是给这些字释义的,哪部分是为这些字注音的,它们的注音方法又有什么不同?你能根据字典的注音顺利地拼出这些字的读音吗?请同学们仔细查阅字典材料,完成下面的表格。 + + + +## 《康熙字典》怎么注音 + +《康熙字典》的注解体例是先注音后释义。以“语”字条为例:《康熙字典》罗列了《唐韵》《集韵》《韵会》和《正韵》对“语”的注音;从“《说文》……”开始到“……又《广韵》……”之前的内容都是对“语(yǔ)”的释义部分。古汉语中“语”还有做动词的用法,其读音也与做名词的“语”不同,读作“yù”。所以从“又《广韵》……”开始是对动词“语”进行注音和释义。《康熙字典》首先列举了多部韵书对单字的注音,这些韵书一般都是用“反切法”。然后《康熙字典》归纳了这些注音,并用“直音法”直观地给单字注音。 + +## 《新华字典》怎么注音 + +《新华字典》的体例也是先注音后释义。以“语”字为例,注音是:“语yǔ;L”。《新华字典》中用了两种注音方法:“汉语拼音”和“注音字母”。 + +以上两本字典,尤其是《康熙字典》,对每个单字的注解都非常全面。除了注释这个字的本音本义外,甚至还对这个字的异音异义,以及引申、通假等情况时的读音和用法等做了注释。这些内容不仅使我们认识了从古至今字典中给汉字注音的方法,而且学会查阅这样的字典,对学习古代汉语也很有帮助。 + +## 工具箱 + +学习汉语,第一步就是要认识汉字和认读字音,这就需要有一种给汉字注音的办法。由于汉字本身是不表音的,要认识汉字和读出字音,只好用另外的汉字或符号来给这个汉字注音,这样便先后产生了各种注音方法。其中最主要的有“直音法”“反切法”“注音字母”和“汉语拼音方案”。 \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00092.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00092.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..7b124169ecc8cb7cff6b861447338dc79c80b97a --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00092.md @@ -0,0 +1,47 @@ + + +横向: + +一、ㄌㄥㄊㄥㄥㄏㄨㄥㄩㄝ(注音字母。成语,形容威武雄壮非常活跃的姿态) + +二、A 字音點,B 字读若醍,上声(直音法。恒星、行星、卫星及星云、星团等的统称) + +三、西梁切,日碶切(反切法。名词,迷信的人指好事情的兆头或征象) + +四、Méi Lánfāng(汉语拼音方案。人名,著名京剧表演艺术家) + +五、ㄒㄩㄝㄖㄨㄥㄏㄨㄚ(注音字母。花名) + +六、博逮切,荷沃切(反切法。名词,衣着、器皿和一般日用品为主的商品的总称) + +七、A 字音鬇,B 字音肇(直音法。名词,预先表露出来的现象、迹象) + +八、mínsú(汉语拼音方案。名词,指人民群众的风俗习惯) + +九、xīnniánkuàilè(汉语拼音方案。问候语,常在新年来临时使用) + +十、去马(注音字母。飞禽,形状像鹅而体形较大,居住在海滨或湖边) + +纵向: + +1. lóngfèngchéngxiáng(汉语拼音方案。吉祥图案名,图案中有传说中的龙和凤) + +2. ㄖㄨㄟ ㄒㄩㄝ ㄓㄠ ㄈㄥ ㄋㄧㄢ (注音字母。俗语,应时的好雪预示着丰收) + +3. A 字音游,B 字读若忸,阴平(直音法。人名,小说《骆驼祥子》中的一个人物) + +4. ㄇㄟㄏㄨㄚ(注音字母。花名) + +5. 米阔切,昂谑切(反切法。音乐类别,指民间器乐) + +6. Huā Mùlán(汉语拼音方案。人名,古代替父从军的巾帼英雄) + +7. liúfāngbǎishì(汉语拼音方案。成语,指好名誉永久流传) + +8. 特礼切,颊捏切(反切法。形容词,指细心忖度别人的心境,给予关切、照顾) + +9. A 字音绚,B 字音讹(直音法。一种鸟类,生活在南极地区) + +二 了解了零声母音节的概念,也赏析了前面那首声母歌,你有兴趣来展现一下创作的灵感吗?请写作一段40字以内的短文,题材不限,体裁不限,但所使用汉字的汉语拼音中必须包括以“i、u、ü”开头的零声母和以“a、o、e”开头的零声母。 + +三 改正下面有错误的汉语拼音形式。 \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00093.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00093.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..25b9848f184c2951b4bde8b92dd95c51657fd5ba --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00093.md @@ -0,0 +1,67 @@ +①忧愁 yiōuchóu( ), + +牙齿 yá chǐ ( ), + +影响 yǐngxiǎng( ), + +衣服 yifú( ), + +永远 yǒngyuǎn( ), + +腰肢 yāozhi ( ) ; + +②乌鸦 uyiā( ), + +温度 wūndù( ), + +青蛙 qīngwā( ), + +鸡窝 jīwō( ), + +见外 jiàn wài ( ), + +老翁 lǎowuēng( ); + +③鲤鱼 lǐ yú( ), + +遇见 yùjiàn( ), + +约会 yēhuì( ), + +缘分 yúanfèn(), + +红晕 hóngyùn( ); + +④旅行 lǚxíng( ), + +边区 biānqū ( ), + +虐待 nùedài ( ), + +叙说 shùshuō ( ), + +拒绝jùjué( )。 + +## 第二节 耳听为虚 + +## ——同音字和同音词 + +## 引子:花语谐趣 + +下面是一副脍炙人口的对联,其中有不少巧思妙对。请仔细体会一下: + +画上荷花和尚画;书临汉帖翰林书。 + +这副对联的上联中“上、尚”同音,“荷、和”同音;下联中“临、林”同音,“汉、翰”同音。这是一副回文联,联中同音字交错,正着倒着都可读,真是趣味无穷。 + +明朝解缙写的一副春联更妙: + +蒲叶桃叶葡萄叶,草本木本; + +梅花桂花玫瑰花,春香秋香。 + + + +这副对联中,第一字跟第五字同音,即“蒲”和“葡”、“梅”和“玫”;第三字跟第六字,即“桃”和“萄”、“桂”和“瑰”,当时也都是同音字。此外,“蒲草”是草本植物,“桃树”是木本植物;“梅花”在春天开放,“桂花”则在秋天送香。对联谐音巧妙而不露斧凿之痕,真可谓大家手笔。 + +汉语的“同音”(同音字和同音词)现象十分普遍。同音有时候可能会给我们制造一些不大不小的麻烦,但如能巧妙地利用,也会使语言表达丰富多彩,妙趣横生。 diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00094.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00094.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..43ab25717ea2299f485e1eabc41846114f54f9e2 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00094.md @@ -0,0 +1,103 @@ +乐(yuè)”和“快乐(lè)”,“差(chā)错”、“出差(chāi)”和“参差(cēncī)”,“降(xiáng)服”和“下降(jiàng)”等。而由于声调不同造成的多音字就不那么容易辨别了,例如“处(chǔ)理”和“住处(chù)”,“重创(chuāng)”和“创(chuàng)造”,“尽(jǐn)管”和“尽(jìn)力”等。 + +## ■ “方言音” 造成误读 + +同一个字或词在方言中的读音可能跟普通话不一样,甚至差别很大,因此方言音的影响也是造成误读的一个重要原因。比如东北方言会将“日(rì)”读作“yì”,“肉(ròu)”读作“yòu”。湖南方言中“l、n”不分,有人可能会把“河南”读成“荷兰”。安徽方言中“f、h”分不清,有人可能会把“花生、荒地”读成“发生、方地”。 + +## “异读”:选择一种读法 + +“异读”是指一个字在实际使用中存在着两种读音,有人这么读,有人那么读,这是由读音的不统一造成的。比如“波浪”,有人读“bōlàng”,有人读“pōlàng”;再如“比较”,有人读“bǐjiào”,有人读“bījiào”。对于这种并不区别意义而又同时有多种读音的情况,显然应该选择其中一种读音作为正确读音,特别是当有关部门审订了读音之后,就要按照规范的读音来读。 + +## ■ 异读词产生的原因 + +虽然异读本身是字音问题,但表现在词语中,就造成了异读词。语言中形成异读词有三种原因。一种是由读书音(文读)和口语音(白读)的分歧造成的。比如“露(露)”的读书音是“pù”,口语音是“bào”;“熟”的读书音是“shú”,口语音是“shóu”;“血”的读书音是“xuè”,口语音是“xiě”。另一种是受方言的影响造成的。比如普通话吸收了上海话“揩油”这个词,使“揩”产生了“kāi”和“kǎi”两种读音;再如“卡片”的“卡”受北京方言的影响,也有了“kǎ”和“qiǎ”两种读音。还有一种是误读造成的。例如“(机)械”读成“jiè”,“畸(型)”读成“qí”,“(发)酵”读成“xiào”。但是说的人多了,便习非成是,形成了异读。 + +## ■ 异读词的审音和规范 + +为了解决异读词问题,1956年国家成立了普通话审音委员会,负责审订普通话中常用异读词的读音。1957年到1962年分三次发表了《普通话异读词审音表初稿》,一共审订了1000多条异读词的读音,1963年辑录成《普通话异读词三次审音总表初稿》。下面是一些经过审音规范的异读词: + +(1) 声母不同的异读词 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
异读词规范的读音不规范的读音异读词规范的读音不规范的读音
玩弄nònglòng波浪
步骤zhòuzòu暂时zànzhàn
包庇发酵jiàoxiào
+ +(2) 韵母不同的异读词 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
异读词规范的读音不规范的读音异读词规范的读音不规范的读音
熟练shúshóu琴弦xiánxuán
恶劣lièlüè跳跃yuèyào
娇嫩nènnùn露头lòu
+ +(3) 声调不同的异读词 + +
异读词规范的读音不规范的读音异读词规范的读音不规范的读音
比较jiàojiǎo指导dǎodào
拥护yǒngyǒng危险wēiwéi
亚洲质量zhìzhǐ
diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00095.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00095.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..953ba6c1268292b200054c83867d6c0cb3ba22e7 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00095.md @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +文字是在人类的长期生产实践中逐渐产生出来的。世界上的古老文明都有自己独立形成的文字,比如古埃及的圣书字、古代两河流域的楔形文字和中国的汉字。这些文字都有一个特点,就是跟图画有千丝万缕的联系,字形很可能就是描画某个东西。圣书字、楔形文字都已经死亡了,只有汉字历经几千年传承至今。 + +我们目前能确定的最早的汉字是“甲骨文”。这是殷商时代刻在龟甲、兽骨上主要用于占卜的一种文字(见下图)。 + + + +甲骨文中很多字的字形看上去都很像图画,也就是字的形状跟字的意思有关联。比如大象的“象”字,现在你可能看不出它为什么写成这个样子了,但是它的甲骨文写作“$\text{象}$”;描画的就是一个长鼻子的大象的样子,只不过是竖起来画罢了。再比如“上”字,甲骨文写作“$\text{上}$”,在一条线的上边加一条短线,这就表示了“上边”的意思。还有“争斗”的“斗”,甲骨文写作“$\text{斗}$”,字形就很像两个人在相互搏斗。 + +汉字在漫长的演变过程中,字形也在不断变化。为了方便书写,很多象形字都渐渐变得不象形了。比如“虎”字,现在已看不出它跟一只老虎有什么关联了。但甲骨文写作“虎”,就是一只老虎的形状;后来在商周铭文中字形就演变为“芾”,笔画变少了,不如甲骨文那么象形;到了秦代的小篆,“虎”的写法进一步演变成“虎”;接下来小篆发展成隶书,“虎”字写成“虎”;最后是楷书,写作“虎”。从这个例子就可以清楚地看到汉字是如何一步步演变得越来越不像图画的。 + +下面这些字都是文献资料中显示的某些汉字的比较原始的写法。请同学们猜一猜它们各自是什么字,同时比较一下它们和今天汉字的写法有什么不同。 \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00096.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00096.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..10cd25c949d0cec7459623898ca6246136e87969 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00096.md @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +“依葫芦画瓢”就行了。这样造字的方法就叫作“象形”。比如“日”就写成像太阳的样子“○”,“月”就写成“☽”,“山”就写成“⛰”,“川”就写成“川”,另外,“木”就画成树的样子,“火”就画成火苗的样子。前边举的例子如“象”字和“虎”字,也属于象形字。 + +## 指事字 + +不管象形的笔画怎么简化,必须描画出事物之形。但客观事物纷繁复杂,而且具体的事物画得出来,抽象的事物却画不出来。于是人们就想出另一种造字的方法,就是“指事”。比如“上”和“下”,就在一条长线的上下分别画一条短线来表示。又如“本”和“刃”,树和刀好画,但树的根部和刀的锋刃却不好画,于是就在“木”下加一短线表示树根,在刀口处加一短线表示刀刃。 + +## 会意字 + +指事字已经由单纯形象过渡到突出表意,这就给了人们新的启发,既然可以在象形字上加个符号构成新字,那也就可以把两个或两个以上象形字或指事字拼合在一起,并且把它们的意义结合成一个新的意义,这种造字方法就是“会意”。比如“采”字,下边是个“木”字,表示树,上边画个“爪”,表示正在抓取东西的手,“采”的意思就一目了然了。再如“出”丄,由一个“止”一个“口”组成,表示脚从土坎中走出来。“步”包括两个“止”,前面两脚交替走路。“休”亻木,由一个人字和一个木字组成,表示人靠在树上休息。前面举例所说的“斗(門)”也是个会意字。 + +## 形声字 + +用前面三种方法造出来的字总体来说都是表意的。但是语言毕竟是用声音来反映各种事物的。何况语言中有表示事物个性的词,也有表示事物共性的词;有表示具体事物的词,也有表示抽象概念的词;有实词,也有大量的虚词;这些用表意的方法很难造出字来。比如可以画出一棵树的样子“木”来表示“树”,可是树有千百种,又怎么能一 一表意造字呢?这也促使人们想出一种新的办法,即用一个字的一半符号表示意义,另一半符号表示声音,这种造字方法就是“形声”。如“桃、梅、橘、柿、松、柏、杨、柳”等各种树,其中的形符都是“木”,表示跟树有关,但是由于声符不同,各自就表示不同的树。再加“想、念、虑、忘、感、忿、怒、怨、恐、愁”等,其中的形符都是“心”,表示跟心理活动有关。但是声符不同,就表示不同的心理活动。由于形声字能区别同音字和多义字,而且很容易造出来,因此也就越来越多,最终成为汉字的主体。甲骨文里形声字仅占27%,而在东汉时期的《说文解字》中,形声字已经占汉字总数的82%,《康熙字典》里的形声字比例达到了90%,现代汉语中形声字的比例更高。 + +## 汉字有哪些不同的样子 + +时代在发展,汉字的形体也在不断变化,大部分都越来越不“象形”了。汉字字形演变的总趋势是由繁到简,并且不断趋向平直、方正和线条化,构造的形式也越来越多样化。但是几千年来,汉字始终保持着原始的绘画或表意符号的基本格局,或者说基本上是沿着原始的、文字诞生时的方向演变的,并没有像其他文字那样最终变成纯粹的表音文字。这在世界文字发展史上是独一无二的。汉字从最初诞生的样子到现在的样子,主要有甲骨文、金文、小篆、隶书和楷书五种基本形貌。 + +## 甲骨文 + +今天见到的甲骨文多数是商代时期的。甲骨文的字体象形程度高,笔画简单质朴,而且写法很不固定,笔道的多少、方向和偏旁的位置也灵活多变(见下页左图)。 \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00097.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00097.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..cf9242215fcb8ff10591139b3d86ce9adc56c5db --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00097.md @@ -0,0 +1,25 @@ +## ■ 金文 + +金文是铸刻在青铜器上的铭文。应用年代上自商代早期,下至秦灭六国,约1200多年。金文(特别是后期金文)的字形大小趋于一致,线条圆润而凝练,排列整齐,古朴厚重(见右下图)。 + + + + + +大盂鼎(西周) + +## ■ 小篆 + +小篆又名“秦篆”,是由春秋战国时代的秦国文字逐渐演变而成的,通行于秦代和西汉前期。与甲骨文、金文相比,小篆的字形有两点非常显著的变化:一是字形进一步趋于规整匀称,象形程度进一步降低;二是一部分字形明显地简化了。标准篆书体的体式排列整齐、行笔圆转、线条匀净而颀长,呈现出庄严美丽的风格(见右图)。 + + + +琅玡刻石(秦) + +## ■ 隶书 + +隶书是由篆书的草率写法演变而成的。因为篆书圆转弯曲的笔道太多,写起来很费时间,所以在非郑重场合,人们把弧形笔道变成比较平直的笔画。这种字体在战国后期的秦国开始出现,汉代普遍使用。隶书的出现大大方便了书写和镌刻,在文字演变史上跨上了一个新的、关键性的阶梯,对于汉字的规范和最终定型至关重要(见下图)。 + + + +礼器碑(汉) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00098.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00098.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..2d0f1853a4253a143d12adf25e2cff06a179782d --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00098.md @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +## 楷书 + +楷书的“楷”当“楷模”讲,“楷书”的原意就是可以作为楷模的字。楷书保存了隶书的结构,去掉了隶书的波挑,字体端庄,书写方便。楷书形成于汉魏之际,进入南北朝后,它就代替了隶书的正统地位。长期的使用证明它是实用性和艺术性结合较好的一种书体,因而一直是官方所采用的正式字体,也成为书法史上一个最大的流派(见右图)。 + + + +玄秘塔碑(唐) + +## 小试身手 + +一 有些字虽然不是象形字,人们现在却能利用它们来“象形”。拼音文字的字母也可以用来象形,比如“S路、T恤”等,但是跟起源于图画且至今仍属表意文字的汉字比起来,就是小巫见大巫了。汉语中说“一字眉、八字脚、丁字路口、工字楼、国字脸、之字路线”等,无不形象生动。请同学们再想一想,还有哪些汉字的字形曾经给你带来记忆的联想或表达上的方便。 + +二 拆解古文字是很有意思的(可不是算命先生的那种“拆字”把戏)。如“宿、疾”二字,甲骨文分别写成“阝、阝”。“宿”原来的写法很像人睡在屋里的簟席之上,“疾”像人生病躺在床上,甚至还在流虚汗(旁边的小点儿)。只不过甲骨文把它们都写得竖立了起来,看不出人躺着的样子了。“梦”字甲骨文写做“牝”,照着上边拆解的方法,你也试着讲一讲这个字的“道理”。另外甲骨文中,“伐”和“戍”分别写做“祚”、“祚”,请试着也拆解一下。 + +三 汉字演进中的种种形态一直启发着后人的书法艺术创作。“甲、金、篆、隶、楷”都成为书法创作的一种风格,并且演进分化出许多小的分支流派来。下面提供一些书法作品的图片,请同学们鉴赏一下,看看分别属于或接近哪种字体。 + + + +参政帖(宋·米芾) + + + +前后赤壁赋卷(明·祝允明) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00099.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00099.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..dd4df5cd87426370d97c9d27ad34c13e91ae9433 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00099.md @@ -0,0 +1,41 @@ +## 汉字的房子怎么“拆” + +房子能盖就能拆,每个汉字都能拆分成部件,这种拆分属于字形的分析,不用考虑字音和字义。汉字是各级单位一层层组织起来的,所以拆分也要一步步进行,从大到小,层层剥离,直到最小的部件为止。请看下面这个“礴”字的例子: + + + +给汉字“盖房子”是不需要我们学着去做的,因为古人或专家已经“盖”好放在字典里了。但是怎么“拆房子”,也就是把一个汉字拆分成各个部件却是一项很有用的技能,比如在查字典或者用五笔输入法等在计算机上输入汉字时,就都用得上拆字。汉字的拆分不能是随意的,主要要考虑分出来的部件是否具有“生命力”,即能否再作为其他字的部件。如果一个字比较复杂,不止一个结构层次,也不能一下子拆到最小结构,而要分级拆分。上边那个“礴”字就是这样。 + +虽说拆解汉字有种种规则,不能乱拆。但利用拆字制作字谜或破解拆字游戏还是古来就有,如果运用巧妙,还可以传达比较有趣的文化信息。比如东汉末年董卓专权,民间曾流传一首童谣:“千里草,何青青。十日卜,不得生。”“千里草”为“董”字,“十日卜”为“卓”字,歌谣通过拆字来暗喻董卓虽势强却不能长久。此外拆字有时还能帮助解释字义。比如“男”是会意字,拆开来就是“人在田地里劳动”;歇后语“二字头上一把刀——忍了呗”,巧妙地利用拆字解释“忍”的意义。当然拆字释义不能想当然,比如有人说“人多”为“侈”,“父多”为“爹”,“儒”表示“人需要教育”,“假”都是“人做的”,“十分具体”才是“真”。这些所谓“新说解文字”,不但牵强附会,甚至有点像测字先生的胡说八道了。 + +## 小试身手 + +一 宋朝有个女诗人叫朱淑真。相传,她曾经创作了一首《断肠谜》词,描写一位纯情少女失恋后的悔恨心情和断绝相思的决心。这首词的每一句话都是字谜的谜面,每句打一个字,谜底恰是“一”到“十”十个汉字。下面把词的句子打乱了顺序,请把它们整理成原词。 + +问苍天,人在何方 + +悔当初,吾错失口 + +千里相思一撇消 + +恨王孙,一直去了 + +皂白何须问 + +下楼来,金簪卜落 + +詈冤家,言去难留 + +有上交,无下交 + +分开不用刀 + +从今莫把仇人靠 + +二 汉字的拆字拼字往往能组成奇妙的对联。传说苏轼的妹妹苏小妹给佛印出了一个上联:“人曾是僧,人弗能成佛”。此联是个很巧妙的拆字拼字联:“僧”是“人兽”相拼,“佛”是“人弗”相联,而其中又暗藏不恭。佛印自然不会示弱,马上对道:“女卑为婢,女又可称奴”,竟然对得天衣无缝。下面也是一些拆字联,感兴趣的同学可以试着拆拆。 + +① 少水沙即露 是土堤方成 + +② 鸿为江边鸟 蚕为天下虫 + +③ 此木为荣山山出 白水作泉日日昌 diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00100.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00100.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..0851398ae770b2ef3e92a34bdc6e0eaa620fb700 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00100.md @@ -0,0 +1,26 @@ +“没有,没有认出来。我没有工夫认人。当时我根本没有看。”玛丝洛娃说。 + + + +玛丝洛娃 [苏]列奥尼德·帕斯捷尔纳克 作 + +“不是有过一个孩子吗?”聂赫留朵夫问,感到脸红了。 + +“谢天谢地,他当时就死了。”她气愤地简单回答,转过眼睛不去看他。 + +“真的吗?是怎么死的?” + +“我当时自己病了,差一点儿也死掉。”玛丝洛娃说,没有抬起眼睛来。 + +“姑妈她们$^{①}$怎么会放您走的?” + +“谁还会把一个怀孩子的女佣留在家里呢?她们一发现这事,就把我赶出来了。说这些干什么呀!我什么都不记得,全都忘了。那事早完了。” + +“不,没有完。我不能丢下不管。哪怕到今天我也要赎我的罪。” + +“没有什么罪可赎的。过去的事都过去了,全完了。”玛丝洛娃说。接着,完全出乎他的意料,她忽然瞟了他一眼,又嫌恶又妖媚又可怜地微微一笑。 + +玛丝洛娃怎么也没想到会看见他,特别是在此时此地,因此最初一刹那,他的出现使她震惊,使她回想起她从不回想的往事。最初一刹那,她模模糊糊地想起那个充满感情和理想的新奇天地,这是那个热爱她并为她所热爱的迷人青年给她打开的。然后她想到了他那难以理解的残酷,想到了接二连三的屈辱和苦难,这都是紧接着那些醉人的幸福降临和由此而产生的。她感到痛苦,但她无法理解这事。她就照例把这些往事从头脑里驱除,竭力用堕落生活的特种迷雾把它遮住。此刻她就是这样做的。最初一刹那,她把坐在她面前的这个人同她一度爱过的那个青年联系起来,但接着觉得太痛苦了,就不再这样做。现在这个衣冠楚楚、脸色红润、胡子上洒过香水的老爷,对她来说,已不是她所爱过的那个聂赫留朵夫,而是一个截然不同的人。那种人在需要的时候可以玩弄像她这样的女人,而像她这样的女人也总是要尽量从他们身上多弄到些好处。就因为这个缘故,她向他妖媚地笑了笑。她沉默了一会儿,考虑着怎 + +①〔姑妈她们〕指聂赫留朵夫的两个姑姑。玛丝洛娃原本是聂赫留朵夫姑姑家的女仆。下文的“巴诺伏”是聂赫留朵夫姑姑的庄园,聂赫留朵夫和玛丝洛娃年轻时便是在那里相遇的。 + diff --git a/markdowns/education_scanned_00101.md b/markdowns/education_scanned_00101.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..2e946b518d51b298d87758ff57527141e22d1e40 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/education_scanned_00101.md @@ -0,0 +1,62 @@ +行者有志$^{①}$。不失其所者久$^{②}$,死而不亡者寿$^{③}$。(第三十三章) + +其安易持$^{④}$,其未兆易谋$^{⑤}$,其脆易泮$^{⑥}$,其微易散$^{⑦}$。为之于未有$^{⑧}$,治之于未乱。合抱之木,生于毫末$^{⑨}$;九层之台,起于累土$^{⑩}$;千里之行,始于足下。为者败之$^{⑪}$,执者失之$^{⑫}$。是以圣人无为$^{⑬}$,故无败;无执,故无失。民之从事,常于几$^{⑭}$成而败之。慎终如始,则无败事。是以圣人欲不欲$^{⑮}$,不贵难得之货,学不学$^{⑯}$,复众人之所过$^{⑰}$,以辅万物之自然而不敢为。(第六十四章) + +## 五石之瓠$^{⑱}$ + +《庄子》 + +惠子谓庄子曰:“魏王贻我大瓠之种,我树$^{⑲}$之成而实五石$^{⑳}$。以盛水浆,其坚$^{㉑}$不能自举也。剖之以为瓢,则瓠落无所容$^{㉒}$。非不呺然$^{㉓}$大也,吾为其无用而掊$^{㉔}$之。”庄子曰:“夫子固拙于用大$^{㉕}$矣。宋人有善为不龟手之药$^{㉖}$者,世世以洴澼絖$^{㉗}$为事。客闻之请买其方百金。聚族而谋之曰:‘我世世为洴澼絖,不过数金。今一朝而鬻$^{㉘}$技百金,请与之。’客得之,以说$^{ ㉙}$吴王。越有难$^{㉚}$,吴 + +①〔强(qiǎng)行者有志〕勤勉而行的人有意志。 + +②[不失其所者久]不丧失立身之基的人能够长久。 + +③ [死而不亡者寿]死而不朽的人就是长寿。意思是,有道之人身死而道长存,这就是寿。 +④ [其安易持]事物安然未生变的时候容易持守。 +⑤ [其未堪堪] 问题还没有显露迹象的时候容易解决。 + +⑥〔其脆易泮〕事物脆弱的时候容易分离。泮,同“判”,分离。 +⑦〔其微易散〕事物细微的时候容易散失。 + +⑧〔为之于未有〕在事情未发生时就做。 +⑨〔毫末〕毫毛的末端。比喻极其细微的事物。 + +⑩〔累(léi)土〕一筐土。累,同“纂”,土筐。 +⑪〔为者败之〕动手去做的就会坏事。 + +⑫〔执者失之〕有所把持的就会失去。 + +⑬〔无为〕顺应自然,不有所作为。 +⑭〔几(jī)乎〕接近。 + +⑮〔欲不欲〕想要常人所不想要的。 +⑯〔学不学〕学习常人所不学习的。 + +⑰「复众人之所过」补救众人所犯的过错。复,弥补,补救。 + +⑱ 节选自《庄子·逍遥游》(《庄子集释》,中华书局 2004 年版)。题目是编者加的。石(shí).计算容量的单位,十斗为一石。瓠(hù)。葫芦。 + +⑲[树]:种植。 + +⑳〔实五石〕能容得下五石的东西。 + +㉑〔坚〕坚固。这里指大瓠的坚固程度。 + +㉒〔瓠(huò)落无所容〕宽大而没有什么可盛受的东西。瓠落,宽大空廓的样子。 + +㉓〔呺(xiǎo)然〕内中空虚而宽大的样子。 + +㉔〔掊(pǒu)〕击破。 + +㉕〔拙于用大〕不善于使用大的东西,不善于发挥事物的 “大” 的功用。 + +㉖(不龟(jūn)手之药)防止手冻裂的药物。龟,同“皲”,皮肤冻裂 + +㉗〔讲(píng)澼(pì)絖(kuàng)〕漂洗丝絮。讲澼,漂洗。絖,同 “纩”,丝绵絮。 + +㉘〔鬻(yù)〕卖。 + + ㉙〔说〕同“悦”,取悦。 + +㉚[越有难(nàn)]指越人发兵侵吴。 \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00001.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00001.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..eaa76af2c92abec39b71d406f7a16443a6bf1a6d --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00001.md @@ -0,0 +1,38 @@ +## Increases in the market prices of key component raw materials could increase the cost of our products and negatively impact our profitability. + +In addition to the continuous pressure on pricing which we have experienced from our largest customers, we also may not be able to recoup the higher costs of our products due to changes in the prices of raw materials, including, but not limited to, aluminum, copper, steel, and cardboard. We recover a substantial portion of our raw materials from Used Cores returned to us by our customers through the core exchange programs. To supplement Used Cores received from our customers, we purchase Used Cores from core brokers. Although this is not a primary source of Used Cores, it is a critical source for meeting our raw material demands. The higher prices of these Used Cores that we purchase could impact the cost of raw materials. Raw material price increases have had an impact on our product costs and profitability and continued increases will similarly adversely affect us. + +## Our financial results are affected by automotive parts failure rates that are outside of our control. + +Our operating results are affected over the long term by automotive parts failure rates. These failure rates are impacted by a number of factors outside of our control, including the reliability and durability of vehicles, the installation of the part, the number of miles driven by consumers, and the average age of vehicles on the road. These trends could reduce the demand for our products and thus adversely affect our sales and profitability. + +## Our reliance on foreign suppliers for some of the automotive parts we sell to our customers or included in our products presents risks to our business. + +A significant portion of automotive parts and components we use in our remanufacturing process are imported from suppliers located outside the U.S., including China and other countries in Asia. As a result, we are subject to various risks of doing business in foreign markets and importing products from abroad, such as the following, which we have experienced in the last fiscal year: + +· significant delays in the delivery of cargo due to port security and over-crowding considerations; + +· imposition of new and evolving duties, taxes, tariffs or other charges on imports; + +· financial or political instability in the countries in which our product is manufactured; + +· potential recalls or cancellations of orders for products that do not meet our quality standards; + +· disruption of imports by labor disputes or strikes and local business practices; + +· inability of our non-U.S. suppliers to obtain adequate credit or access liquidity to finance their operations; and + +· natural disasters, conflicts, disease epidemics and health related concerns, which could result in closed factories, reduced workforces, scarcity of raw materials and scrutiny or embargoing of goods. + +We also face the following risks related to doing business in foreign markets and importing products from abroad: + +· imposition of new legislation relating to import quotas or other restrictions that may limit the quantity of our product that may be imported into the U.S. from countries or regions where we do business; + +· political or military conflict involving foreign countries or the U.S., which could cause a delay in the transportation of our products and an increase in transportation costs; + +· heightened terrorism security concerns, which could subject imported goods to additional, more frequent or more thorough inspections, leading to delays in deliveries or impoundment of goods for extended periods; and + +· our ability to enforce agreements with our foreign suppliers. + +Any of the foregoing factors, or a combination of them, could increase the cost or reduce the supply of products available to us and materially and adversely impact our business, financial condition, results of operations or liquidity. + diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00002.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00002.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..bf559254cddebdf31ca2458a34cc2951d404648d --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00002.md @@ -0,0 +1,36 @@ +facilities, business, and supply chain might face as a consequence of natural disasters, earthquakes, floods, droughts, and other such occurrences or severe weather/climate-related phenomena. + +We are subject to international, federal, state, and local regulations regarding workplace safety and protection of the environment. Various international, federal, state, and local provisions regulate the use and discharge of certain hazardous materials used in the manufacture of our products. Failure to comply with environmental regulations in the future could cause us to incur substantial costs, subject us to business interruptions or cause customers to cease purchasing from us. We strive to comply with all applicable environmental laws. All of our products meet the applicable requirements of the following European Union (EU) directives: Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH); Energy Related Products (ErP); and Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS). We also comply with the China RoHS directive. We have a global product take-back program and an e-waste scheme to comply with the EU directive on Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE), and Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) regulations in India, Singapore and California. + +We have maintained an environmental management system since December 2004 that provides the framework for setting, monitoring, and continuously improving our environmental goals and objectives. As part of ISO 14001 requirements, we set local environmental performance goals, such as reducing energy use per square foot and minimizing waste generated on site, that are aligned with our overall corporate strategy. We also conduct periodic reviews and are subject to third-party audits of our operations, and we monitor environmental legislation and requirements to help make sure we are taking necessary measures to remain in compliance with applicable laws, not only in our operations but also for our products. + +## Human Capital + +We take pride in, and believe our success depends on, attracting and retaining leading talent in the industry based on a culture-fit approach. From our inception, NetApp has worked to build a model company and has embraced a culture of openness and trust. Our employees are supported and encouraged to be innovative, and we communicate openly and transparently so that employees can focus on critical and impactful work that ties directly to our business strategy. We continue to invest in our global workforce to support inclusion and belonging and our employees’ well-being and development. + +## *Belonging* + +We believe inclusion and belonging lead to more innovation, better access to talent and improved business outcomes. Our strategies are intended to promote a team-based culture, inclusiveness, and to achieve sustained business results. + +## *Benefits, Wellbeing and Engagement* + +Our healthcare options offer competitive, comprehensive coverage for our employees and their families, including: + +• National medical plans; + +• Regional medical plans; + +• Expert advice from world-renowned doctors through our medical second opinion program; + +• National dental plans; + +• National vision plans; and + +• A robust wellness program. + +Insurance and income protection. We provide life, accidental death and dismemberment and disability insurance programs. For additional peace of mind, we also offer supplemental insurance for our employees and their dependents. + +Financial and savings programs. We offer flexible spending accounts, an employee stock purchase plan and competitive retirement plans, including options to maximize retirement savings. + +Flexible Work. We offer a flexible hybrid work program that allows employees, in consultation with their managers and teams, flexibility around where, when and how work is performed to deliver business outcomes, understanding that certain roles may be tied to specific locations or require an in-office presence due to business needs and job responsibilities, and to collaborate and connect most effectively. We are leaning into digital-first workflows, tools, and resources and programs to continuously promote flexibility, while enabling us to be productive, wherever we are. We also believe in the value of people being together, building relationships, fostering trust, collaboration and innovation. We have evolved into a hybrid model, in which employees who are assigned to an office can divide their work between the office and other locations about half the time. We continue to pilot, test and iterate our approach to support new ways of working and evolving the employee experience. + diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00003.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00003.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..5e05472149be0133fd4efa76efb960d7abe873d4 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00003.md @@ -0,0 +1,48 @@ +We sell our products primarily to large organizations in different industries and geographies. We do not require collateral or other security to support accounts receivable. In addition, we maintain an allowance for potential credit losses. To reduce credit risk, we perform ongoing credit evaluations on our customers’ financial condition. We establish an allowance for doubtful accounts based upon factors surrounding the credit risk of customers, historical trends and other information, including the expected impact of macroeconomic disruptions, and, to date, such losses have been within management’s expectations. Concentrations of credit risk with respect to trade accounts receivable are limited due to the wide variety of customers who are dispersed across many geographic regions. + +There are no concentrations of business transacted with a particular market that would severely impact our business in the near term. However, we rely on a limited number of suppliers for certain key components and a few key contract manufacturers to manufacture most of our products; any disruption, or termination of these arrangements could materially adversely affect our operating results. + +## 4. Business Combinations + +## Fiscal 2023 Acquisition + +## Instaclustr Acquisition + +On May 20, 2022, we acquired all the outstanding shares of privately-held Instaclustr US Holding, Inc. (Instaclustr) for $498 million. Instaclustr is a leading platform provider of fully managed open-source database, pipeline and workflow applications delivered as-a-service. + +The acquisition-date values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed are as follows (in millions): + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Amount
Cash$ 4
Intangible assets107
Goodwill413
Otherassets19
Total assets acquired543
Liabilitiesassumed(45)
Total purchase price$ 498
+ +The components of the intangible assets acquired were as follows (in millions, except useful life): + +
AmountEstimated useful life (years)
Developed technology$ 555
Customer contracts/relationships505
Tradename23
Total intangible assets$ 107
+ +The acquired net assets and assumed debt of Instaclustr were recorded at their estimated values. We determined the estimated values with the assistance of valuations and appraisals performed by third party specialists and estimates made by management. We expect to realize revenue synergies and anticipate opportunities for growth through the ability to leverage additional future products and capabilities. These factors, among others, contributed to a purchase price in excess of the estimated value of its identifiable net assets acquired, and as a result, we have recorded goodwill in connection with the acquisition. The goodwill is not deductible for income tax purposes. + +The results of operations related to the acquisition of Instaclustr have been included in our consolidated statements of income from the acquisition date. Pro forma results of operations have not been presented because the impact from the acquisition was not material to our consolidated results of operations. + diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00004.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00004.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..d5f4c30c16e17644e448cb9e3f8e888593405a4b --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00004.md @@ -0,0 +1,71 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
10.26*Cognigo Research Ltd. Amended and
Restated Global Share Incentive Plan
(2016).
S-8333-23218799.1June 18,2019
10.27*CloudCheckr Inc. Amended and Restated
2017 Stock Option and Grant Plan.
S-8333-26146599.1December 2,2021
10.28*Outside Director Compensation Policy,as
amended effective September 13,2023.
10-Q000-2713010.3August 29, 2023
10.29*Amended and Restated Instaclustr US
Holding,Inc.2018 Stock Option Plan
S-8333-26564899.1June 16,2022
10.30Amended and Restated Credit Agreement,
dated as of January 22,2021,by and
among the NetApp,Inc,the lenders from
time to time party thereto and JPMorgan
Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent.
8-K000-2713010.1January 22,2021
10.31Amendment No.1 to Amendedand
Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of
November 17,2021,by and among the
Company, the lenders from time to time
party thereto and JPMorgan Chase Bank,
N.A., as administrative agent.
10-Q000-2713010.3March 2, 2022
10.32Amendment No.2 to Amended and
Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of
May 3,2023,by and among the Company,
the lenders from time to time party thereto
and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as
administrative agent.
10-K000-2713010.32June 14,2023
10.33Second Amended and Restated Credit
Agreement, dated as of March 5, 2025,by
and among NetApp, Inc., the lenders from
time to time party thereto and JPMorgan
Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent.
8-K000-2713010.1March 5, 2025
10.34Form of Dealer Agreement between the
Company, as issuer, and each Dealer.
8-K000-2713010.2December 12, 2016
10.35Offer Letter for employment at the
Company to César Cernuda, date March
23,2020
10-K000-2713010.58June 15,2020
diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00005.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00005.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..798381d92496b15972f29eb9bab1454b2e3606ff --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00005.md @@ -0,0 +1,70 @@ +reflecting higher operating performance against goals. The increase was partially offset by lower salaries expense, reflecting a decrease in average headcount of 7%. + +Sales and Marketing (in millions, except percentages): + +
Fiscal Year
20252024% Change2023% Change
Sales and marketing expenses$ 1,865$ 1,8282%$ 1,829      —%
+ +Sales and marketing expenses consist primarily of compensation costs, commissions, outside services, facilities and IT support costs, advertising and marketing promotional expense and travel and entertainment expense. + +The increase in sales and marketing expenses in fiscal 2025 compared to fiscal 2024 was primarily due to an increase in sales commission expenses. + +All primary components of sales and marketing expenses were relatively consistent in fiscal 2024 compared to fiscal 2023. + +Research and Development (in millions, except percentages): + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
FiscalYear
20252024% Change2023% Change
Research and development expenses$ 1,012$ 1,029(2)%$ 9568%
+ + +Research and development expenses consist primarily of compensation costs, facilities and IT support costs, depreciation, equipment and software related costs, prototypes, non-recurring engineering charges and other outside services costs. + +The decrease in research and development expenses in fiscal 2025 compared to fiscal 2024 was primarily due to lower compensation costs. + +The increase in research and development expenses in fiscal 2024 compared to fiscal 2023 was primarily due to higher compensation costs, attributable to higher incentive compensation expense and stock-based compensation expense, partially offset by lower salaries expense, reflecting a decrease in average headcount of 5%. + +General and Administrative (in millions, except percentages): + + +
Fiscal Year
20252024% Change2023% Change
General and administrative expenses$ 311$ 3081%$ 26516%
+ +General and administrative expenses consist primarily of compensation costs, professional and corporate legal fees, outside services and facilities and IT support costs. + +General and administrative expenses remained relatively flat in fiscal 2025 compared to fiscal 2024. + +The increase in general and administrative expenses in fiscal 2024 compared to fiscal 2023 was attributable to increases in all components of compensation costs, but predominately incentive compensation expense. Professional and legal fees and outside services expense was also slightly higher in fiscal 2024 due to higher spending on certain business transformation projects. + +Restructuring Charges (in millions, except percentages): + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
FiscalYear
20252024% Change2023% Change
Restructuring charges$ 83$ 4489%$ 120(63)%
+ diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00006.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00006.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..fb8c38f643c7078ac521564ab76eb7886084b4b5 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00006.md @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ +## Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm + +To the shareholders and the board of directors of Integral Technologies Inc. + +## Opinion on the Consolidated Financial Statements + +We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Integral Technologies Inc. (the "Company") as of June 30, 2023, the related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders’ deficit and cash flows, for the year then ended, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the "financial statements"). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of June 30, 2023, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the year then ended, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. + +## Going Concern + +The accompanying financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern. As discussed in Note 3 to the financial statements, the Company has incurred losses in developing its business, and further losses are anticipated. The Company requires additional funds to meet its obligations and the costs of its operations. These factors raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. Management’s plans in this regard are described in Note 3. The financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty + +## Basis for Opinion + +These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company's financial statements based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) ("PCAOB") and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB. + +We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. As part of our audits we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company's internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. + + + + + + + + + + + +
VancouverSurreyTri-CitiesVictoria
1500-1140 West Pender St.
Vancouver, BC V6E 4GI
604.687.4747
200-1688 152 St.
Surrey,BC V4A 4N2
604.531.1154
700-2755 Lougheed Hwy
Port Coquitlam,BC V3B 5Y9
604.941.8266
320-730 View St.
Victoria,BC V8W 3Y7 250.800.4694
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00007.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00007.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..326c29c774d87deefcf5ca93e20df8f85efb14ed --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00007.md @@ -0,0 +1,4 @@ + + +
10.36Senior Executive Employment Contract by
and between NetApp Sales Spain S.L., a
subsidiary of the Company,and Cesar
Cernuda, effective January 1,2021
10-Q000-2713010.1January 29,2021
10.37Offer Letter for employment at the
Company to Michael J. Berry,dated
January 30,2020.
10-Q000-2713010.1August 28, 2020
10.38Offer Letter for employment at the
Company to Wissam Jabre, dated January
9,2025.
10-Q000-2713010.1February 27,2025
10.39Underwriting Agreement, dated June 17,
2020,by and among the Company,
Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC,J.P.Morgan
Securities LLC, BofA Securities,Inc. and
Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC.
8-K000-271301.1June 17,2020
10.40Underwriting Agreement, dated March 12,
2025,by and among NetApp, Inc.,
Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC, J.P. Morgan
Securities LLC, BofA Securities,Inc. and
Wells Fargo Securities,LLC.
8-K000-271301.1March 17,2025
19.1Insider Trading Policies and Procedures of
the Company.
----
21.1Subsidiaries of the Company.----
23.1Consent of Independent Registered Public
Accounting Firm.
----
24.1Power of Attorney (see signature page).----
31.1Certification of the Chief Executive Officer
pursuant to Section 302(a) of the Sarbanes-
Oxley Act of 2002.
----
31.2Certification of the Chief Financial Officer
pursuant to Section 302(a) of the Sarbanes-
Oxley Act of 2002.
----
32.1Certification of Chief Executive Officer
pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as
adopted pursuant to section 906 of the
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
----
32.2Certification of Chief Financial Officer
pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as
adopted pursuant to section 906ofthe
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
----
+ diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00008.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00008.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..7375101868efa902743c28d8b8f0c5d862da3d73 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00008.md @@ -0,0 +1,195 @@ +## MOTORCAR PARTS OF AMERICA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES +## Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Common StockAdditional Paid-in Capital Common StockRetained EarningsAccumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) IncomeTotal
SharesAmount
Balance at March 31,202219,104,751$ 191,000$ 227,184,000$ 92,954,000$ (5,066,000)$ 315,263,000
Compensation recognized under +employee stock plans--4,685,000--4,685,000
Exercise of stock options, net of shares +withheld for employee taxes and net +share settlement of exercise price236,1992,000938,000--940,000
ssuance of common stock upon +vesting of RSUs,net of shares +withheld for employee taxes153,6652,000 (971,000)--(969,000)
Foreign currency translation----4,763,0004,763,000
Net loss---(4,207,000)-(4,207,000)
Balance at March 31,202319,494,615$ 195,000 $ 231,836,000$ 88,747,000$ (303,000)$ 320,475,000
Compensation recognized under +employee stock plans--4,700,000--4,700,000
Issuance of common stock upon +vesting of RSUs,net of shares +withheld for employee taxes167,7652,000(281,000)--(279,000)
Foreign currency translation----9,458,0009,458,000
Net loss---(49,244,000)-(49,244,000)
Balance at March 31,202419,662,380$ 197,000$ 236,255,000 $ 39,503,000$ 9,155,000$ 285,110,000
Compensation recognized under +employee stock plans--3,877,000--3,877,000
Issuance of common stock upon +vesting of RSUs and PSUs,net of +shares withheld for employee taxes315,4602,000(892,000)--(892,000)
Repurchase and cancellation of +common stock,including fees(542,134)(5,000)(4,827,000)--(4,827,000)
Foreign currency translation----(6,096,000)(6,096,000)
Net loss ---(19,470,000)-(19,470,000)
Balance at March 31, 202519,435,706$ 194,000$ 234,413,000$ 20,033,000$ 3,059,000$ 257,699,000 +
+ +The accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements are an integral part hereof. + diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00009.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00009.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..bd2759fcdffc152c627c49a0cb5f944d2f5a197c --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00009.md @@ -0,0 +1,97 @@ +Public Cloud revenues are derived from the sale of public cloud offerings delivered primarily as-a-service, which include cloud storage, data services and operational services. + +Public Cloud revenues increased in fiscal 2025 and fiscal 2024 compared to the respective prior years primarily due to customer demand for NetApp’s diversified cloud offerings, coupled with overall growth in the cloud market. + +## Revenues by Geographic Area: + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Fiscal Year
202520242023
United States, Canada and Latin America (Americas)51%51%51%
Europe, Middle East and Africa (EMEA)34%34%34%
Asia Pacific (APAC)15%15%15%
+ +Percentages may not add due to rounding + +Americas revenues consist of sales to Americas commercial and United States (U.S.) public sector markets. Demand across geographies was relatively consistent for each fiscal year presented. + +## Cost of Revenues + +Our cost of revenues consists of: + +(1) cost of product revenues, composed of (a) cost of Hybrid Cloud product revenues, which includes the costs of manufacturing and shipping our products, inventory write-downs, and warranty costs, and (b) unallocated cost of product revenues, which includes stock-based compensation and amortization of intangibles, and; + +(2) cost of services revenues, composed of (a) cost of support revenues, which includes the costs of providing support activities for hardware and software support, global support partnership programs, and third party royalty costs, (b) cost of professional and other services revenues, (c) cost of public cloud revenues, constituting the cost of providing our Public Cloud offerings which includes depreciation and amortization expense and third party datacenter fees, and (d) unallocated cost of services revenues, which includes stock-based compensation and amortization of intangibles. + +## Cost of Product Revenues (in millions, except percentages): + + + + + + +Costof product revenues + +Hybrid Cloud + +Unallocated + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Fiscal Year
20252024% Change2023% Change
$ 1,284$ 1,13713%$ 1,517(25)%
1,2781,13113%1,511(25)%
66-%6-%
+ +## Hybrid Cloud + +Cost of Hybrid Cloud product revenues represented 42%, 40% and 50% of Hybrid Cloud product revenues in fiscal 2025, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Materials costs represented 89%, 88% and 94% of cost of Hybrid Cloud product revenues in fiscal 2025, 2024 and 2023, respectively. + +Materials costs increased by $140 million in fiscal 2025 compared to fiscal 2024 primarily reflecting the increase in product revenues. + +Hybrid Cloud product gross margins decreased by approximately two percentage points in fiscal 2025 compared to fiscal 2024 primarily due to higher component costs. + +Materials costs decreased by $418 million in fiscal 2024 compared to fiscal 2023 reflecting lower component and freight costs as a result of supply chain improvements. Materials costs were also impacted by the decrease in product revenues in fiscal 2024. + +Hybrid Cloud product gross margins increased by approximately ten percentage points in fiscal 2024 compared to fiscal 2023 primarily due to lower component and freight costs. + +Unallocated + diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00010.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00010.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..09ec6a260c545d524589728b0176eab39f15a7ae --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00010.md @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +## SIGNATURES + +Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized. + +Integral Technologies, Inc. + +Dated: June 9, 2025 + +By: /s/ Douglas Bathauer +Douglas Bathauer, Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer) + +Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated. + +Dated: June 9, 2025 + +By: /s/ Douglas Bathauer +Douglas Bathauer, Director + +Dated: June 9, 2025 + +By: /s/ James Eagan +James Eagan, Director + diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00011.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00011.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..7055caae210f5b99e3ba393efedb44dd2673854f --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00011.md @@ -0,0 +1,42 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
NumberDescription of ExhibitMethod of Filing
4.12First Amended and Restated 2022 Incentive Award PlanIncorporated by reference to Appendix B to the Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A filed on July 26,2024.
10.1Form of Indemnification Agreement for officers and directorsIncorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.25 to the 1997 Registration Statement.
10.2Amended and Restated Employment Agreement, dated as of
December 31, 2008, by and between the Company and Selwyn
Joffe
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Current Report on
Form 8-K filed January 7,2009.
10.3Employment Agreement, dated as of May 18, 2012, between
Motorcar Parts of America, Inc., and Selwyn Joffe
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Current Report on
Form 8-K filed on May 24, 2012.
10.4Form of Stock Option Notice for use in connection with stock
options granted to Selwyn Joffe pursuant to the Motorcar Parts of America, Inc. 2010 Incentive Award Plan
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Current Report on
Form 8-K filed on August 12, 2013.
10.5Form of Stock Option Agreement for use in connection with stock options granted to Selwyn Joffe pursuant to the Motorcar Parts of America, Inc. 2010 Incentive Award PlanIncorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to Current Report on
Form 8-K filed on August 12,2013.
10.6*Revolving Credit, Term Loan and Security Agreement, dated as of June 3, 2015, among Motorcar Parts of America, Inc., each lender
from time to time party thereto, and PNC Bank, National
Association, as administrative agent
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 8, 2015.
10.7First Amendment to Revolving Credit, Term Loan and Security
Agreement, dated as of November 5, 2015, among Motorcar Parts of America, Inc., each lender from time to time party thereto, and PNC Bank, National Association, as administrative agent
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on November 9,2015.
10.8Consent and Second Amendment to Revolving Credit, Term Loan and Security Agreement, dated as of May 19,2016,among
Motorcar Parts of America, Inc., each lender from time to time
party thereto, and PNC Bank, National Association, as
administrative agent
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on August 9, 2016.
+ diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00012.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00012.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..8b8424bde844d7c7e486c0df9f0f77c576a8fd42 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00012.md @@ -0,0 +1,94 @@ +## SIGNATURES + +Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized. + +NETAPP, INC. + +By: /s/ GEORGE KURIAN + +George Kurian + +Chief Executive Officer and Director + +(Principal Executive Officer and Principal Operating Officer) + +Date: June 9, 2025 + +## POWER OF ATTORNEY + +KNOW ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS, that each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints George Kurian and Wissam Jabre, and each of them, as his true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents, with full power of substitution and resubstitution, for him and in his name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign any and all amendments (including post-effective amendments) to this Annual Report on Form 10-K, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto, and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto said attorneys-in-fact and agents, and each of them, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done in connection therewith, as fully to all intents and purposes as he might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents, or any of them, or their or his substitutes, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue thereof. + +Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
SignatureTitleDate
/s/ GEORGE KURIANChief Executive Officer and Director
(Principal Executive Officer
and Principal Operating Officer)
June 9, 2025
George Kurian
/s/ WISSAM JABREExecutive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer)
June 9, 2025
Wissam Jabre
/s/ DANIEL DE LORENZOVice President and Chief Accounting Officer
(Principal Accounting Officer)
June 9,2025
Daniel De Lorenzo
/s/ T. MICHAEL NEVENSChairman of the BoardJune 9,2025
T. Michael Nevens
/s/ DEEPAK AHUJADirectorJune 9, 2025
Deepak Ahuja
/s/ ANDERS GUSTAFSSONDirectorJune 9, 2025
Anders Gustafsson
/s/ GERALD HELDDirectorJune 9, 2025
Gerald Held
/s/ DEBORAH KERRDirectorJune 9,2025
Deborah Kerr
/s/ CARRIE PALINDirectorJune 9,2025
Carrie Palin
/s/ FRANK PELZERDirectorJune 9,2025
Frank Pelzer
/s/ SCOTT SCHENKELDirectorJune 9,2025
Scott Schenkel
+ diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00013.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00013.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..1642e44ece0cd6f8809361118833912a683649c6 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00013.md @@ -0,0 +1,44 @@ +## 7. Financial Instruments and Fair Value Measurements + +The accounting guidance for fair value measurements provides a framework for measuring fair value on either a recurring or nonrecurring basis, whereby the inputs used in valuation techniques are assigned a hierarchical level. The following are the three levels of inputs to measure fair value: + +*Level 1*: Observable inputs that reflect quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets. + +*Level 2*: Inputs that reflect quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in less active markets; quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; benchmark yields, reported trades, broker/dealer quotes, inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the assets or liabilities; or inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data by correlation or other means. + +*Level 3*: Unobservable inputs that reflect our own assumptions incorporated in valuation techniques used to measure fair value. These assumptions are required to be consistent with market participant assumptions that are reasonably available. + +We consider an active market to be one in which transactions for the asset or liability occur with sufficient frequency and volume to provide pricing information on an ongoing basis, and consider an inactive market to be one in which there are infrequent or few transactions for the asset or liability, the prices are not current, or price quotations vary substantially either over time or among market makers. Where appropriate, our own or the counterparty’s non-performance risk is considered in measuring the fair values of liabilities and assets, respectively. + +## Investments + +The following is a summary of our investments at their cost or amortized cost as of April 25, 2025 and April 26, 2024 (in millions): + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
April 25,
2025
April 26,
2024
U.S. Treasury and government debt securities$ 2,025$ 1,349
Money market funds1,1261,161
Certificates of deposit2412
Mutual funds4138
Total debt and equity securities$ 3,216$ 2,560
+ +The fair value of our investments approximates their cost or amortized cost for both periods presented. Investments in mutual funds relate to the non-qualified deferred compensation plan offered to certain employees. + diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00014.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00014.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..d81bceeb38f40c412547f184ad97e4c71c825c8f --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00014.md @@ -0,0 +1,86 @@ +## UNITED STATES + +## SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION + +Washington, D.C. 20549 + +## Form 10-K + +(Mark One) + +## ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 +For the fiscal year ended April 25, 2025 + +or + +## TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 + +For the transition period from + +to + +Commission File Number 000-27130 + + + +## NetApp, Inc. + +(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) + +Delaware +(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) + +77-0307520 +(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) + +3060 Olsen Drive, + +San Jose, California 95128 + +(Address of principal executive offices, including zip code) + +(408) 822-6000 + +(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code) + +Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: + +Title of each class +Common Stock, $0.001 Par Value + +Trading Symbol(s) +NTAP + +Name of exchange on which registered +The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC + +Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: +None + +Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes ☑ No ☐ + +Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes □ No ✓ + +Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☑ No □ + +Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☑ +No □ + +Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. + +Large accelerated filer ☑ + +Accelerated filer □ + +Non-accelerated filer □ + +Smaller reporting company □ + +Emerging growth company □ + +If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. □ + +Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report. ☑ + +If securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the registrant included in the filing reflect the correction of an error to previously issued financial statements. □ + diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00015.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00015.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..a1a3cac15d5d3b787fd6fef253ec63f2f6fe85c7 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00015.md @@ -0,0 +1,105 @@ +## Stock Options + +The Company did not grant any stock options during the years ended March 31, 2025 or 2023, and options to purchase 132,133 shares of common stock were granted during the year ended March 31, 2024. The following summarizes the Black-Scholes option-pricing model assumptions used to derive the weighted average fair value of the stock options granted during the year ended March 31, 2024. + +
Year Ended
March 31
2024
Weighted average risk free interest rate4.53%
Weighted average expected holding period (years)6.57
Weighted average expected volatility51.29%
Weighted average expected dividend yield-
Weighted average fair value of options granted$ 3.75
+ +The following is a summary of stock option transactions: + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Number of
Shares
Average
Exercise Price
Outstanding at March 31,20241,108,017$ 20.29
Forfeited/Cancelled(17,723)$ 20.13
Expired(36,733)$ 22.93
Outstanding at March 31, 20251,053,561$ 20.20
+ +At March 31, 2025, options to purchase 87,288 shares of common stock were unvested at the weighted average exercise price of $9.32. + +No options were exercised during the years ended March 31, 2025 and 2024. The pre-tax intrinsic value of options exercised during the year ended March 31, 2023 was $2,427,000 based on the market value of the Company’s common stock at March 31, 2023. The total fair value of stock options vested during the years ended March 31, 2025, 2024, and 2023 was $164,000, $324,000, and $1,140,000, respectively. + +The following summarizes information about the options outstanding at March 31, 2025: + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Options OutstandingOptions Exercisable
Range of
Exercise price
SharesWeighted
Average
Exercise
Price
Weighted
Average
Remaining
Life
In Years
Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
SharesWeighted
Average
Exercise
Price
Weighted
Average
Remaining
Life
InYears
Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
$9.32 to $17.38334,524$ 12.976.45$ 24,000247,236$ 14.265.73$ 8,000
$19.00 to $22.73404,21319.583.78404,21319.583.78
$25.21 to $27.40125,80027.332.22125,80027.332.22
$28.68 to $31.13189,02429.590.95189,02429.590.95
1,053,561$ 20.203.93$ 24,000966,273$ 21.193.52$ 8,000
+ +The aggregate intrinsic values in the above table represent the pre-tax value of all in-the-money options if all such options had been exercised on March 31, 2025 based on the Company’s closing stock price of $9.50 as of that date. + +At March 31, 2025, there was $241,000 of total unrecognized compensation expense from stock-based compensation granted under the plans, which is related to non-vested shares. The compensation expense is expected to be recognized over a weighted average vesting period of 1.5 years. \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00016.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00016.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..39da55ba6287be010eed3fa6ca63915008342f8a --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00016.md @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +## MOTORCAR PARTS OF AMERICA, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES + +## Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows + + + +
Years Ended March 31,
202520242023
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net loss$ (19,470,000)$$ (49,244,000)$$ (4,207,000)$
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization9,923,00010,544,00010,984,000
Amortization of intangible assets477,000$1,075,000$1,460,000
Amortization of debt issuance costs2,222,0002,165,000663,000
Amortization of interest on contract liabilities, net749,000933,000940,000
Accrued interest on convertible notes, related party3,521,0003,200,000$9,000$
Loss on extinguishment of debt-$168,000$-
Amortization of core premiums paid to customers9,826,00010,181,00011,113,000
Amortization of finished goods premiums paid to customers912,000782,000678,000
Non-cash lease expense9,540,00010,255,0008,348,000
Foreign exchange impact of lease liabilities and forward contracts15,892,000(3,814,000)(9,291,000)
Foreign currency remeasurement2,262,00065,0001,408,000
Change in fair value of compound net derivative liability60,000(1,020,000)-
(Gain) loss on short-term investments(105,000)(347,000)181,000
Net provision for inventory reserves15,009,00016,233,00018,851,000
Net provision for customer payment discrepancies1,507,0001,452,0002,112,000
Net provision for (recovery of) doubtful accounts42,000(133,000)108,000
Deferred income taxes(1,805,000)29,564,000(5,207,000)
Share-based compensation expense3,877,0004,700,0004,685,000
Loss on disposal of plant and equipment5,000$9,000$17,000
Change in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable2,407,00022,687,000(37,176,000)
Inventory19,615,000(53,585,000)10,423,000
Inventory unreturned1,723,000(3,666,000)(1,531,000)
Income tax receivable1,450,000(3,501,000)(2,030,000)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets(2,259,000)3,100,000(2,906,000)
Other assets(1,509,000)(601,000)435,000
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities(13,280,000)47,264,000(23,757,000)
Customer finished goods returns accrual(3,676,000)$222,000$(201,000)
Contract assets, net(29,981,000)(14,221,000)(17,560,000)
Contract liabilities, net29,381,00014,664,00017,719,000
Operating lease liabilities(9,088,000)(8,702,000)(7,141,000)
Other liabilities(3,750,000)(1,257,000)(881,000)
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities45,477,00039,172,000(21,754,000)
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchase of plant and equipment(4,578,000)(1,000,000)(4,201,000)
Proceeds from sales of plant and equipment49,000--
Redemptions of short-term investments60,000521,00010,000
Net cash used in investing activities(4,469,000)(479,000)(4,191,000)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Borrowings under revolving loan541,423,00082,005,00065,000,000
Repayments under revolving loan(578,636,000)(99,205,000)(74,800,000)
Repayments of term loan-(13,125,000)(3,750,000)
Proceeds from issuance of convertible notes, related party--32,000,000
Payments for debt issuance costs(15,000)(3,973,000)(1,716,000)
Payments on finance lease obligations(1,705,000)(1,862,000)(2,397,000)
Exercise of stock options--940,000
Cash used to net share settle equity awards(890,000)(279,000)(969,000)
Repurchase of common stock, including fees(4,832,000)--
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities(44,655,000)(36,439,000)14,308,000
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents(898,000)124,000217,000
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents(4,545,000)2,378,000(11,420,000)
Cash and cash equivalents — Beginning of year13,974,00011,596,00023,016,000
Cash and cash equivalents — End of year$9,429,000$$13,974,000$$11,596,000$
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:
Cash paid for interest, net$ \quad 48,724,000$$53,797,000$$37,772,000$
Cash paid for income taxes, net of refunds5,858,0009,558,00014,198,000
Cash paid for operating leases13,356,00013,358,00012,055,000
Cash paid for finance leases1,896,0002,081,0002,659,000
Plant and equipment acquired under finance lease1,412,000745,0001,246,000
Assets acquired under operating leases3,972,000$1,603,000$7,832,000
Non-cash capital expenditures80,00016,0006,000
Debt issuance costs included in accounts payable and accrued liabilities --476,000
+ +The accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements are an integral part hereof. + diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00017.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00017.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..3826b38d7d15cc339801b3db4dc3de0aa1066b8a --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00017.md @@ -0,0 +1,30 @@ +advances by our competitors or us, and any announcements by us of acquisitions, major transactions, or management changes may adversely affect our stock price. + +## Our quarterly operating results may fluctuate materially, which could harm our common stock price. + +Our operating results have fluctuated in the past and will continue to do so, sometimes materially. All of the matters discussed in this Risk Factors section could impact our operating results in any fiscal quarter or year. In addition to those matters, we face the following issues, which could impact our quarterly results: + +• Seasonality, such as our historical seasonal decline in revenues in the first quarter of our fiscal year and seasonal increase in revenues in the fourth quarter of our fiscal year; + +• Linearity, such as our historical intra-quarter customer orders and revenue pattern in which a disproportionate percentage of each quarter’s total orders and related revenue occur in the last month of the quarter; and + +• Unpredictability associated with larger scale enterprise software license agreements which generally take longer to negotiate and occur less consistently than other types of contracts, and for which revenue attributable to the software license component is typically recognized in full upon delivery. + +If our operating results fall below our forecasts and the expectations of public market analysts and investors, the trading price of our common stock may decline. + +## There are risks associated with our outstanding and future indebtedness. + +As of April 25, 2025, we had $3.3 billion aggregate principal amount of outstanding indebtedness for our senior notes that mature at specific dates in calendar years 2025, 2027, 2030, 2032 and 2035. We may incur additional indebtedness in the future under existing credit facilities and/or enter into new financing arrangements. We may fail to pay these or additional future obligations, as and when required. Specifically, if we are unable to generate sufficient cash flows from operations or to borrow sufficient funds in the future to service or refinance our debt, our business, operating results, financial condition and cash flows will be harmed. Any downgrades from credit rating agencies such as Moody’s Investors Service or Standard & Poor’s Rating Services may adversely impact our ability to obtain additional financing or the terms of such financing and reduce the market capacity for our commercial paper. Furthermore, if prevailing interest rates or other factors result in higher interest rates upon any potential future financing, then interest expense related to the refinance indebtedness would increase. + +In addition, all our debt and credit facility arrangements subject us to continued compliance with restrictive and financial covenants. If we do not comply with these covenants or otherwise default under the arrangements, we may be required to repay any outstanding amounts borrowed under these agreements. Moreover, compliance with these covenants may restrict our strategic or operational flexibility in the future, which could harm our business, operating results, financial condition and cash flows. + +## General Risks + +Our business could be materially and adversely affected as a result of natural disasters, terrorist acts or other catastrophic events. + +We depend on the ability of our personnel, inventories, equipment and products to move reasonably unimpeded around the world. Any political, military, terrorism, global trade, world health or other issue that hinders this movement or restricts the import or export of materials could lead to significant business disruptions. For example, the COVID-19 pandemic impeded the mobility of our personnel, inventories, equipment and products and disrupted our business operations. Furthermore, any economic failure or other material disruption caused by natural disasters, including fires, floods, droughts, hurricanes, tornadoes, earthquakes, and volcanoes; power or water loss or shortages; environmental disasters; telecommunications or business information systems failures or break-ins and similar events could also adversely affect our ability to conduct business. As a result of climate change, we expect the frequency and impact of such natural disasters or other material disruptions to increase. If such disruptions result in cancellations of customer orders or contribute to a general decrease in economic activity or corporate spending on IT, or directly impact our marketing, manufacturing, financial and logistics functions, or impair our ability to meet our customer demands, our operating results and financial condition could be materially adversely affected. Our headquarters is located in Northern California, an area susceptible to earthquakes and wildfires. If any significant disaster were to occur there, our ability to operate our business and our operating results, financial condition and cash flows could be adversely impacted. + +## We could be subject to additional income tax liabilities. + +Our effective tax rate is influenced by a variety of factors, many of which are outside of our control. These factors include among other things, fluctuations in our earnings and financial results in the various countries and states in which we do business, changes to + diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00018.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00018.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..b5b7355bb035142b44c4509b996b09c70418f088 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00018.md @@ -0,0 +1,127 @@ +## Schedule II — Valuation and Qualifying Accounts + +## Accounts Receivable — Allowance for credit losses + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Years Ended
March 31,
DescriptionBalance at
beginning of
year
(recovery of)
bad debts
expense
Amounts
written off
Balanceat
end of
year
2025Allowance for credit losses$ 189,000$ 42,000$ 24,000$ 207,000
2024Allowance for credit losses$ 339,000$ (133,000)$ 17,000$ 189,000
2023Allowance for credit losses$ 375,000$ 108,000$ 144,000$ 339,000
+ +## Accounts Receivable — Allowance for customer-payment discrepancies + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Years Ended
March 31,
DescriptionBalance at
beginning of
year
Charge to
discrepancies expense
Amounts
Processed
Balance at
end of
year
2025Allowance for customer-payment discrepancies$ 1,206,000$ 1,507,000$ 948,000$ 1,765,000
2024Allowance for customer-payment discrepancies$ 1,634,000$ 1,452,000$ 1,880,000$ 1,206,000
2023Allowance for customer-payment discrepancies$ 1,375,000$ 2,112,000$ 1,853,000$ 1,634,000
+ +## Inventory — Allowance for excess and obsolete inventory + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Years Ended
March 31,
DescriptionBalance at
beginning of
year
Provision for
excess and
obsolete
inventory
Amounts
written off
Balance at
end of
year
2025Allowance for excess and obsolete inventory$ 17,372,000$ 15,009,000$ 13,417,000$ 18,964,000
2024Allowance for excess and obsolete inventory$ 16,436,000$ 16,233,000$ 15,297,000$ 17,372,000
2023Allowance for excess and obsolete inventory$ 13,520,000$ 18,851,000$ 15,935,000$ 16,436,000
+ +## Deferred Tax Assets — Valuation allowance for deferred tax assets + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Years Ended
March 31,
DescriptionBalance at
beginning of
year
Charge to
income tax
expense
Charged to
Other
Accounts
Balance at
end of
year
2025Valuation allowance for deferred tax assets$ 45,399,000$ 6,834,000$ -$ 52,233,000
2024Valuation allowance for deferred tax assets$ 7,619,000$ 37,780,000$ -$ 45,399,000
2023Valuation allowance for deferred tax assets$ 6,816,000$ 803,000$ -$ 7,619,000
+ diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00019.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00019.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..b2a6f5b21c800704ab01e513df7f06e7f0061e24 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00019.md @@ -0,0 +1,103 @@ +The following customers accounted for 10% or more of accounts receivable: + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
April 25, 2025April 26, 2024
Arrow Electronics, Inc.10%10%
TD Synnex Corporation27%26%
+ +## 16. Employee Benefits and Deferred Compensation + +## Employee 401(k) Plan + +Our 401(k) Plan is a deferred salary arrangement under Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code. Under the 401(k) Plan, participating U.S. employees may defer a portion of their pre-tax earnings, up to the IRS annual contribution limit. We match 100% of the first 2% of eligible earnings an employee contributes to the 401(k) Plan, and then match 50% of the next 4% of eligible earnings an employee contributes. An employee receives the full 4% match when he/she contributes at least 6% of his/her eligible earnings, up to a maximum calendar year matching contribution of $6,000. Our employer matching contributions to the 401(k) Plan were as follows (in millions): + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Year Ended
April 25, 2025April 26, 2024April 28, 2023
401(k) matching contributions$ 30$ 29$ 33
+ +## Deferred Compensation Plan + +We have a non-qualified deferred compensation plan that allows a group of employees within the U.S. to contribute base salary and commissions or incentive compensation on a tax deferred basis in excess of the IRS limits imposed on 401(k) plans. The marketable securities related to these investments are held in a Rabbi Trust. The related deferred compensation plan assets and liabilities under the non-qualified deferred compensation plan were as follows (in millions): + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
April 25, 2025April 26, 2024
Deferred compensation plan assets$ 41$ 38
Deferred compensation liabilities reported as:
Accrued expenses$ 7$ 6
Other long-termm liabilities$ 34$ 32
+ +## Defined Benefit Plans + +We maintain various defined benefit plans to provide termination and postretirement benefits to certain eligible employees outside of the U.S. We also provide disability benefits to certain eligible employees in the U.S. Eligibility is determined based on the terms of our plans and local statutory requirements. + +The funded status of our defined benefit plans, which is recognized in other long-term liabilities in our consolidated balance sheets, was as follows (in millions): + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
April 25, 2025April 26, 2024
Fair value of plan assets$ 66$ 55
Benefit obligations(106)(91)
Unfunded obligations$ (40)$ (36)
+ +## 17. Commitments and Contingencies + +## Purchase Orders and Other Commitments diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00020.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00020.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..f4021852ced080e93b4130eecbcebe2cdb2b0d78 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00020.md @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +## Segment Revenues and Gross Profit + +Financial information by segment is as follows (in millions, except percentages): + + +
Year Ended April 25, 2025
Hybrid CloudPublic CloudTotal
Product revenues$ 3,040$ -$ 3,040
Support revenues2,512-2,512
Professional and other services revenues355-355
Public cloud revenues-665665
Net revenues5,9076656,572
Cost of product revenues1,278-1,278
Cost ofsupport revenues197-197
Cost of professional and other services revenues261-261
Costofpublic cloud revenues-165165
Segmentcostofrevenues1,7361651,901
Segment gross profit$ 4,171$ 500$ 4,671
Segment gross margin70.6%75.2%71.1%
Unallocated costofrevenues$^1$58
Total gross profit$ 4,613
Total gross margin70.2%
+ +$^{1}$ Unallocated cost of revenues are composed of $30 million of stock-based compensation expense and $28 million of amortization of intangible assets. + + +
Year Ended April 26, 2024
Hybrid CloudPublic CloudTotal
Product revenues$ 2,849$-$ 2,849
Support revenues2,488-2,488
Professional and other services revenues320-320
Public cloud revenues-611611
Net revenues5,6576116,268
Costofproduct revenues1,131-1,131
Cost of support revenues195-195
Cost of professional and other services revenues243-243
Cost of public cloud revenues-203203
Segmentcostofrevenues1,5692031,772
Segment gross profit$ 4,088$ 408$ 4,496
Segment gross margin72.3%66.8%71.7%
Unallocatedcostof revenues$^1$63
Total gross profit$ 4,433
Total gross mmargin70.7%
+ +$^1$ Unallocated cost of revenues are composed of $29 million of stock-based compensation expense and $34 million of amortization of intangible assets. diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00021.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00021.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..a9d18aff2acb1d4e04e8cd9bfd9a5ad948142d55 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00021.md @@ -0,0 +1,42 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
NumberDescription of ExhibitMethod of Filing
10.17Amendment No. 4 to Employment Agreement, dated as of May 21, 2020,between Motorcar Parts of America, Inc., and Selwyn JoffeIncorporated by reference to exhibit 10.1 to the Quarterly Report filed on August 10, 2020.
10.18Third Amendment to Amended and Restated Loan Agreement,
dated as of May 28, 2021, among Motorcar Parts of America, Inc.,
D&V Electronics Ltd., Dixie Electric Ltd., Dixie Electric Inc.,each
lender from time to time party thereto, and PNC Bank, National
Association, as administrative agent
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 2, 2021.
10.19Amendment No. 5 to Employment Agreement, dated as of June 18, 2021,between Motorcar Parts of America, Inc., and Selwyn JoffeIncorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on August 9, 2021.
10.20Fourth Amendment to Amended and Restated Loan Agreement,
dated as of November 3, 2022, among Motorcar Parts of America,
Inc., D&V Electronics Ltd., Dixie Electric Ltd., Dixie Electric Inc.,
each lender from time to time party thereto, and PNC Bank,
National Association, as administrative agent
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on November 9, 2022.
10.21Fifth Amendment to Ammended and Restated Loan Agreement,
dated as of February 3, 2023, among Motorcar Parts of America,
Inc., D&V Electronics Ltd., Dixie Electric Ltd., Dixie Electric Inc.,
each lender from time to time party thereto, and PNC Bank,
National Association, as administrative agent
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on February 9,2023.
10.22Note Purchase AgreementIncorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed on March 31,2023.
10.23Registration Rights AgreementIncorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed on March 31,2023.
10.24Sixth Amendment to Amended and Restated Loan Agreement,
dated as of May 28, 2021, among Motorcar PParts of America, Inc., D & V Electronics Ltd., Dixie Electric Ltd., and Dixie Electric Inc., each lender from time to time party/ thereto, and PNC Bank, National
Association, as administrative agent
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed on March 31, 2023.
10.25Amendment No. 6 to Employment Agreement, dated March 29,
2023, between Motorcar Parts of America, Inc. and Selwyn Joffe.
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed on March 31,2023.
diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00022.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00022.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..91dfe74d9ae813b76d701c594ec5141ac6d75d1a --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00022.md @@ -0,0 +1,30 @@ +by which such contingencies exceeded the associated liabilities was not significant. To date, we have not experienced significant losses under our lease financing programs or other financing arrangements. + +We have entered into service contracts with certain of our end-user customers that are supported by third-party financing arrangements. If a service contract is terminated as a result of our non-performance under the contract or our failure to comply with the terms of the financing arrangement, we could, under certain circumstances, be required to acquire certain assets related to the service contract or to pay the aggregate unpaid payments under such arrangements. As of April 25, 2025, we have not been required to make any payments under these arrangements, and we believe the likelihood of having to acquire a material amount of assets or make payments under these arrangements is remote. The portion of the financial arrangement that represents unearned services revenue is included in deferred revenue and financed unearned services revenue in our consolidated balance sheets. + +## Legal Contingencies + +We are subject to various legal proceedings and claims which arise in the normal course of business. See further details on such matters in Note 17 – Commitments and Contingencies of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part II, Item 8. + +## Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates + +Our consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (GAAP), which require management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, net revenues and expenses, and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. Our estimates are based on historical experience and various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities. We believe that the accounting estimates employed and the resulting balances are reasonable; however, actual results may differ from these estimates and such differences may be material. + +The summary of significant accounting policies is included in Note 1 – Description of Business and Significant Accounting Policies of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part II, Item 8. An accounting policy is deemed to be critical if it requires an accounting estimate to be made based on assumptions about matters that are highly uncertain at the time the estimate is made, if different estimates reasonably could have been used, or if changes in the estimate that are reasonably possible could materially impact the financial statements. The accounting policies described below reflect the significant judgments, estimates and assumptions used in the preparation of the consolidated financial statements. + +## Revenue Recognition + +Our contracts with customers often include the transfer of multiple products and services to the customer. In determining the amount and timing of revenue recognition, we assess which products and services are distinct performance obligations and allocate the transaction price, which may include fixed and/or variable amounts, among each performance obligation on a relative standalone selling price (SSP) basis. The following are the key estimates and assumptions and corresponding uncertainties included in this approach: + +## Key Estimates and Assumptions + +• We evaluate whether products and services promised in our contracts with customers are distinct performance obligations that should be accounted for separately versus together. + +• In determining the transaction price of our contracts, we estimate variable consideration based on the expected value, primarily relying on our history. In certain situations, we may also use the most likely amount as the basis of our estimate. + +## Key Uncertainties + +• In certain contracts, the determination of our distinct performance obligations requires significant judgment. As our business and offerings to customers change over time, the products and services we determine to be distinct performance obligations may change. Such changes may adversely impact the amount of revenue and gross margin we report in a particular period. + +• We may have insufficient relevant historical data or other information to arrive at an accurate estimate of variable consideration using either the “expected value” or “most likely amount” method. Additionally, changes in business practices, such as those related to sales returns or marketing programs, may introduce new forms of variable consideration, as well as more complexity and uncertainty in the estimation process. + diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00023.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00023.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..d2c7c642387a94cb8e170dd21b66cf517cb02b0c --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00023.md @@ -0,0 +1,27 @@ +## SIGNATURES + +Pursuant to the requirements of Section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized. + +MOTORCAR PARTS OF AMERICA, INC + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Dated: June 9, 2025By: /s/ David Lee
David Lee Chief Financial Officer
Dated: June 9, 2025By: /s/ Kamlesh Shah
Kamlesh Shah Chief Accounting Officer
+ +Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this Report on Form 10-K has been signed by the following persons on behalf of the Registrant in the capacities and on the dates indicated: + + +
/s/ Selwyn Joffe
Selwyn Joffe
Chief Executive Officer and Director (Principal Executive Officer)June 9, 2025
/s/ David Lee
David Lee
Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer)June 9, 2025
/s/ Kamlesh Shah
Kamlesh Shah
Chief Accounting Officer (Principal Accounting Officer)June 9, 2025
/s/ David Bryan
David Bryan
DirectorJune 9, 2025
/s/ Joseph Ferguson
Joseph Ferguson
DirectorJune 9, 2025
/s/ Philip Gay
Philip Gay
DirectorJune 9, 2025
/s/ F. Jack Liebau, Jr.
F. Jack Liebau, Jr.
DirectorJune 9, 2025
/s/ Jeffrey Mirvis
Jeffrey Mirvis
DirectorJune 9, 2025
/s/ Anil Shrivastava
Anil Shrivastava
DirectorJune 9, 2025
/s/ Douglas Trussler
Douglas Trussler
DirectorJune 9, 2025
/s/ Patricia Warfield
Patricia Warfield
DirectorJune 9, 2025
/s/ Barbara Whittaker
Barbara Whittaker
DirectorJune 9, 2025
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00024.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00024.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..37ede92f7c788821b2dc769d6145c3059ec00155 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00024.md @@ -0,0 +1,60 @@ + +Finished goods liabilities represents the agreed upon price of finished goods purchased from customers, generally in connection with new business. The payment for these finished goods are made over a contractual repayment period pursuant to the Company’s agreement with the customer. Payments to be made within the Company’s normal operating cycle, which is generally one year, are considered short-term contract liabilities and the remainder are recorded as long-term contract liabilities. + +Customer deposits represent the receipt of prepayments from customers for the obligation to transfer goods or services in the future. The Company classifies these customer deposits as short-term contract liabilities as the Company expects to satisfy these obligations within its normal operating cycle, which is generally one year. + +## Advertising Costs + +The Company expenses all advertising costs as incurred. Advertising expenses for the years ended March 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023 were $435,000, $614,000, and $606,000, respectively. + +## Net Loss Per Share + +Basic net loss per share is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted net loss per share includes the effect, if any, from the potential exercise or conversion of securities, such as stock options, warrants, and Convertible Notes (as defined in Note 8), which would result in the issuance of incremental shares of common stock to the extent such impact is not anti-dilutive. + +The following presents a reconciliation of basic and diluted net loss per share. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Years Ended March 31,
202520242023
Net loss$ (19,470,000)$ (49,244,000)$ (4,207,000)
Basic shares19,685,32219,601,20419,340,246
Effect of dilutive shares---
Diluted shares19,685,32219,601,20419,340,246
Net loss per share:
Basic net loss per share$ (0.99)$ (2.51)$ (0.22)
Diluted net loss per share$ (0.99)$ (2.51)$ (0.22)
+ +Potential common shares that would have the effect of increasing diluted net income per share or decreasing diluted net loss per share are considered to be anti-dilutive and as such, these shares are not included in calculating diluted net loss per share. For the years ended March 31, 2025, 2024, and 2023, there were 2,323,321, 2,122,863, and 1,854,795, respectively, of potential common shares not included in the calculation of diluted net loss per share because their effect was anti-dilutive. + +In addition, for the years ended March 31, 2025, 2024, and 2023, there were 2,493,963, 1,693,778, and 5,846, respectively, of potential common shares not included in the calculation of diluted net loss per share under the “if-converted” method for the Convertible Notes because their effect was anti-dilutive. The potential common shares related to the Warrants (as defined below) issued in connection with the Convertible Notes (see Note 8) are anti-dilutive until they become exercisable and as of March 31, 2025, the Warrants were not exercisable. diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00025.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00025.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..7711372351df14038dcc6a4f40595ae86ce2f5a5 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00025.md @@ -0,0 +1,80 @@ +Unallocated cost of product revenues were consistent for each fiscal year presented. + +## Cost of Services Revenues (in millions, except percentages): + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
FiscalYear
20252024% Change2023% Change
Cost of services revenues$ 675$ 698(3)%$ 63610%
Support1971951%1818%
Professional and other services2612437%21115%
Public cloud165203(19)%18410%
Unallocated5257(9)%60(5)%
+ +## Hybrid Cloud + +Cost of Hybrid Cloud services revenues, which are composed of the costs of support and professional and other services, increased in fiscal 2025 and fiscal 2024 compared to the respective prior years reflecting the increase in Hybrid Cloud services revenues. Cost of Hybrid Cloud services revenues represented 16%, 16% and 14% of Hybrid Cloud services revenues in fiscal 2025, 2024 and 2023, respectively. + +Hybrid Cloud support gross margins were similar in fiscal 2025, fiscal 2024 and fiscal 2023. Hybrid Cloud professional and other services gross margins increased by approximately two percentage points in fiscal 2025 compared to fiscal 2024 while they decreased by approximately ten percentage points in fiscal 2024 compared to fiscal 2023 primarily due to the mix of services provided. + +## Public Cloud + +Cost of Public Cloud revenues decreased in fiscal 2025 compared to fiscal 2024, while Public Cloud gross margins increased by eight percentage points in fiscal 2025 compared to fiscal 2024. The decrease in cost of Public Cloud revenues and improved gross margins was due to cost optimization that included a decrease in fixed assets depreciation and the mix of offerings provided. + +Cost of Public Cloud revenues increased in fiscal 2024 compared to fiscal 2023, reflecting the increase in Public Cloud revenues. Public Cloud gross margins decreased by one percentage point in fiscal 2024 compared to fiscal 2023 primarily due to the mix of offerings provided. + +## Unallocated + +Unallocated cost of services revenues decreased in fiscal 2025 compared to fiscal 2024 due to the derecognition of certain intangible assets as a result of the sale of our cloud optimization and management software business known as Spot by NetApp during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2025. Unallocated cost of services revenues decreased in fiscal 2024 compared to fiscal 2023 due to certain intangible assets becoming fully amortized during the first quarter of fiscal 2024. + +## Operating Expenses + +Sales and Marketing, Research and Development and General and Administrative Expenses + +Sales and marketing, research and development, and general and administrative expenses for fiscal 2025 totaled $3,188 million, or 49% of net revenues, representing a decrease of one percentage point compared to fiscal 2024. + +Sales and marketing, research and development, and general and administrative expenses for fiscal 2024 totaled $3,165 million, or 50% of net revenues, representing an increase of two percentage points compared to fiscal 2023. + +Compensation costs represent the largest component of operating expenses. Included in compensation costs are salaries, benefits, other compensation-related costs, stock-based compensation expense and employee incentive compensation plan costs. + +Total compensation costs included in sales and marketing, research and development and general and administrative expenses in fiscal 2025 were relatively flat compared to fiscal 2024. + +Total compensation costs included in sales and marketing, research and development and general and administrative expenses increased by $115 million, or 6%, during fiscal 2024 compared to fiscal 2023, primarily due to higher incentive compensation expense + diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00026.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00026.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..412db8770f98e97254ebd3d5c680423aa4ea009a --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00026.md @@ -0,0 +1,60 @@ +## NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) + +The following table summarizes the Company’s stock option activity during the year ended December 31, 2024: + + +
Options Outstanding
Number of
Options
Weighted Average Exercise Price
Per Share
Weighted Average
Remaining Contract
Term
(in years)
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
(in thousands
Total outstanding as of December 31, 2023:21,762,226$ 7.985.78$167,491
Granted1,981,94619.01
Exercised(239,041)6.422,808
Cancelled/forfeited(720,730)13.883,030
Expired(1,014,200)2.4416,316
Total outstanding as of December 31, 202421,770,201$ 9.065.40$226,117
Total exercisable as of December 31, 202415,809,404$ 6.554.37$203,971
Total vested or expected to vest as of December 31,202421,338,341$ 8.885.31$225,511
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Unvested/Vested Activity
OptionsWeighted Average Exercise PriceWeighted Average
Grant Date Fair
Value
Average Remainin Life
(in years)
Unvested outstanding, as of December 31, 20237,553,377$13.75$ 7.483.54
Granted1,981,94619.0112.37
Cancelled/forfeited(574,050)14.718.59
Vested, outstanding shares(2,302,952)12.145.90
Unvested outstanding, as of December 31,20246,658,32115.799.393.30
Early exercised unvested, end of period662,000$16.20$10.37
+ +Aggregate intrinsic value represents the difference between the estimated fair value of the underlying common stock and the exercise price of outstanding, in-the-money options. + +The weighted average grant date fair value of options granted during the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 was $12.37 and $9.52 per option, respectively. The total grant date fair value of options vested during the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 was $13.5 million and $10.4 million, respectively. The total intrinsic value of options exercised during the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 was $2.8 million and $6.8 million, respectively. + +Cash received for exercises of stock options during the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 was $1.5 million and $1.9 million, respectively. + +As of December 31, 2024, total unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested stock options was $49.0 million. This amount is expected to be recognized as stock-based compensation expense in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss over a weighted average period of 3.3 years. + +## Modification to stock options + +On November 9, 2021 and February 23, 2022, the Company granted stock options to certain executives that are exercisable upon vesting for 331,250 shares and 2,000,000 shares of the Company's common stock, respectively (the "Prior Stock Options"). The Prior Stock Options vested over five years. On August 11, 2022, the Company's Compensation Committee approved a modification to the Prior Stock Options, which was communicated to holders of the Prior Stock Options on September 1, 2022. diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00027.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00027.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..99db3aede35f41870416b6ef7ff29b3971e96c5b --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00027.md @@ -0,0 +1,26 @@ +ability to expand access to our solutions beyond our existing sales channels, and thus our overall commercial success, will be limited. + +· Our billing, collections, and claims processing activities are complex and time-consuming, and any delay in transmitting and collecting claims or failure to comply with applicable billing requirements could have an adverse effect on our future revenue. + +· We rely on a limited number of third-party suppliers or, in many cases, sole suppliers, for some of our next-generation sequencers, lab materials, reagents, and supplies, and we may not be able to find replacements or immediately transition to alternative suppliers if necessary. + +· If we or our partners fail to comply with healthcare and other applicable laws and regulations, we could face substantial penalties and sanctions and our business, reputation, financial condition, and results of operations could be adversely affected. + +· If we are unable to obtain and maintain intellectual property protection for our technology, or if the scope of the intellectual property protection we obtain is not sufficiently broad, our competitors could develop and commercialize technology and products similar or identical to our solutions, and our ability to successfully commercialize our solutions may be impaired. + +· We have incurred substantial indebtedness, and we may not generate sufficient cash flow from operations to meet our debt service requirements, continue our operations, and pursue our growth strategy, and we may be unable to raise capital when needed or on acceptable terms. + +· After this offering, our executive officers, directors, and principal shareholders, including, in particular, David D. Halbert, our Founder, Chairman, and Chief Executive Officer, will continue to have the ability to control or significantly influence matters submitted to shareholders for approval, which could limit the ability of our other shareholders to affect the outcome of key corporate decisions and transactions, including a change of control. + +Before you invest in our common stock, you should carefully consider all the information in this prospectus, including matters set forth in the section titled “Risk Factors.” + +## Corporate Information + +We were founded in 2008 when we entered the field of precision oncology through our acquisition of Molecular Profiling Institute, a Delaware-incorporated molecular life sciences company. We were incorporated under the laws of the Cayman Islands in October 2011 as Caris Life Sciences, Ltd. and in July 2020, we changed our name to Caris Life Sciences, Inc. and re-domiciled to be incorporated in Texas. + +Our principal executive offices are located at 750 West John Carpenter Freeway, Suite 800, Irving, Texas 75039, and our telephone number is (866) 771-8946. Our website address is www.carislifesciences.com. The information on, or that can be accessed through, our website is not incorporated into this prospectus. You should not consider information contained on our website to be part of this prospectus in deciding whether to purchase shares of our common stock. + +## Implications of Being an Emerging Growth Company + +We qualify as an “emerging growth company” as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012, as amended (the “JOBS Act”). We will remain an emerging growth company until the earliest to occur of: (i) the last day of the fiscal year in which we have at least $1.235 billion in total annual gross revenue; (ii) the last day of the fiscal year in which we are deemed to be a “large accelerated filer” as defined in Rule 12b-2 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), which would occur if the market value of our common stock held by non-affiliates exceeded $700 million as of the last business day of the second fiscal quarter of such year; (iii) the date on which we have issued more than $1.0 billion in non-convertible debt securities during the prior three-year period; and (iv) the last day of the fiscal year ending after the fifth anniversary of the date of the completion of this offering. An emerging growth company may take advantage of specified reduced reporting requirements and is relieved of certain other significant requirements that are otherwise generally applicable to public companies. As an emerging growth company: + diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00028.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00028.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..bbb949a26daf648215fc33b728ae345e38c2be42 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00028.md @@ -0,0 +1,37 @@ +different qualifications, licenses, or certifications. As our development plans and strategies develop, and as we transition into operating as a public company, we must add a significant number of additional managerial, operational, financial, and other personnel. Future growth will impose significant added responsibilities on members of management, including: + +• identifying, recruiting, integrating, retaining, and motivating employees; + +• managing our internal development and commercialization efforts effectively, including creating and maintaining compliant programs and processes, such as a laboratory and manufacturing quality system, and managing the regulatory requirements for our solutions, while adhering with our contractual obligations to contractors and other third parties; + +• expanding our operational, human resources, financial and management controls, reporting systems, and procedures; and + +• managing the increasing complexity associated with a larger organization and expanded operations. + +Our growth may place a significant strain on our management, operating and financial systems, R&D, and our sales, marketing, and administrative resources. As a result of our growth, our operating costs may escalate even faster than planned, and some of our internal systems may need to be enhanced or replaced. If we cannot effectively manage our expanding operations and our costs, we may not be able to successfully commercialize future solutions and grow successfully, and our business could be adversely affected. + +## Our results of operations may fluctuate significantly, which makes our future results of operations difficult to predict and could cause our results of operations to fall below expectations or any guidance we may provide. + +Our quarterly and annual results of operations may fluctuate significantly, which makes it difficult for us to predict our future results of operations. These fluctuations may occur due to a variety of factors, many of which are outside of our control, including, but not limited to: + +• the level of demand for our solutions, which may vary significantly; + +• the timing and cost of, and level of investment in, research, development, regulatory approval, or certification and commercialization activities relating to our solutions, which may change from time to time; + +• the volume and customer mix of our solutions; + +• the introduction of new solutions or solution enhancements by us or others in our industry; + +• coverage and reimbursement policies with respect to our solutions and products that compete with our solutions; + +• expenditures that we may incur to acquire, develop, or commercialize additional solutions and technologies; + +• changes in governmental regulations or in the status of our regulatory approvals or certifications or applications; + +• future accounting pronouncements or changes in our accounting policies; + +• developments or disruptions in the business and operations of physicians and our biopharma partners; + +• the impact of natural disasters, political instability, including wars, terrorism, and political unrest, epidemics or pandemics, boycotts, and curtailment of trade and other business restrictions; and + +• the effects of high inflation or other general market and economic conditions and other factors, including factors unrelated to our operating performance or the operating performance of our competitors. diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00029.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00029.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..dbb7da5aa172321d422b1f561834fa914ccda31e --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00029.md @@ -0,0 +1,69 @@ +
Three Months Ended March 31,Years Ended December 31,
2025202420242023
(in thousands, except share and per share data)
Weighted-average shares used to compute net loss per share attributable to common shareholders, basic and diluted(1)35,623,04235,313,03735,496,83234,942,691
Pro forma net loss per share attributable to common shareholders, basic and diluted (unaudited)(1)(2)$ (0.37)$ (3.20)
Weighted-average shares used to compute pro forma net loss per share attributable to common shareholders, basic and diluted (unaudited)(1)(2)273,965,936273,839,726
+ +(1) See Note 12 to our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus for an explanation of the method used to calculate our historical basic and diluted net loss per share attributable to common shareholders and the weighted-average number of shares of common stock used in the computation of these per share amounts. + +(2) Gives effect to (i) the Warrant Net Exercises, (ii) the Series E and F Issuance, (iii) the Preferred Stock Conversion, (iv) the issuance of the 2025 Convertible Notes and the related Notes Conversion, (v) the RSU Net Settlement, and (vi) the reduction of the compound derivative liability bifurcated from the 2023 Term Loan. The following table sets forth the computation of our unaudited pro forma basic and diluted net loss per share, which does not include shares being offered in this offering: + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Three Months Ended March 31,2025Year Ended
December 31,2024
(in thousands, except share
and per share data)
Numerator:
Net loss attributable to common shareholders$ (127,043)$ (378,257)
Pro forma adjustment related to deemed dividend from Series C and D
redeemable convertible preferred stockfrom the triggering of down
rounding(a)
-(573,734)
Pro forma adjustment to record stock-based compensation expense
related to RSUs for which the performance-based vesting conditions will be satisfied in connection with this offering
-(19,689)
Other miscellaneous pro forma adjustments(b)-(1,295)
Pro forma adjustment to record the reduction of fair value of
derivative liability associated with the 2023 Term Loan(c)
-17,451
Pro forma adjustment to reverse the adjustments of Series C and D
redeemable convertible preferred stock to redemption value
24,46296,367
Pro forma adjustment related to the reversal of the change in fair value of derivative liabilities-(11,393)
Pro forma adjustment related to the reversal of the change in fair value ofwarrant liabilities-(7,091)
Pro forma net loss$ (102,581)$ (877,640)
Denominator:
Weighted-average shares used in computing net loss per share
attributable to common shareholders, basic and diluted
35,623,04235,496,832
Pro forma adjustment to reflect the Preferred Stock Conversion229,694,421229,694,421
Pro forma adjustment to reflect the Series C Warrant Net Exercise4,407,6894,407,689
Pro forma adjustment to reflect the 2025 Warrant Net Exercise968,316968,316
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00030.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00030.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..7e32759f1bc5d8e63cff7ae30f7d0a1e084e007c --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00030.md @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +Technical Specifications and Validation + +## MI Cancer Seek + +The current WES/WTS NGS component of MI Profile is MI Cancer Seek, for which we have received FDA approval for use as a companion diagnostic device to identify cancer patients who may benefit from treatment with targeted therapies. The assay includes one pan-cancer and five tumor-specific indications for numerous FDA-approved therapies. To our knowledge, MI Cancer Seek is the first and only simultaneous WES and WTS-based assay with FDA-approved companion diagnostic indications for molecular profiling of solid tumors. MI Cancer Seek is available for adults and pediatric patients between the ages of one and 22. + +MI Cancer Seek is a NGS-based in vitro diagnostic device using total nucleic acid isolated from formalin-fixed paraffin embedded tumor tissue specimens for the detection of SNVs, InDels, MSI, TMB in patients with previously diagnosed solid tumors, and CNA in one gene in patients with breast cancer. MI Cancer Seek is intended as a companion diagnostic to identify patients who may benefit from treatment with the targeted therapies listed in the Companion Diagnostic Indications table below, in accordance with the approved therapeutic product labeling. + + + diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00031.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00031.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..1fb692643576771749558cb4beb7a659e231dd5f --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00031.md @@ -0,0 +1,69 @@ +## EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION + +This section sets forth the compensation of our named executive officers (“NEOs”) for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024. Our NEOs are our Chief Executive Officer and our two other most highly compensated executive officers (as determined in accordance with SEC rules) for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024: + +• David D. Halbert, Founder, Chairman, and Chief Executive Officer + +• Brian J. Brille, Vice Chairman and Executive Vice President + +• David Spetzler, President + +As an emerging growth company, we have elected to take advantage of exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to public companies that are not emerging growth companies, including reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in this prospectus and, while an emerging growth company, our future periodic reports and proxy statements, as well as exemptions from the requirements of holding nonbinding advisory votes on executive compensation. + +## Summary Compensation Table + +The following table shows the total compensation paid to or earned by each of our NEOs for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Name and Principal PositionYearSalary
($)
Bonus
($)(1)
Stock
Awards ($)
Option Awards ($)All Other
Compensation ($)(3)
Total
($)
David DD. Halbert
Chief Executive Officer
2024750,0001,500,000---2,250,000
Brian J. Brille
Vice Chairman and Executive Vice President
2024600,000600,000---1,200,000
David Spetzler
President
2024600,000600,000__(2)-13,8001,213,800
+ +(1) The amounts shown in this column are the annual bonus amounts payable in respect of fiscal year 2024 to each of our NEOs. See “—Narrative to Summary Compensation Table—Annual Bonus” for a description of the terms of these bonuses. + +(2) Reflects the aggregate grant date fair value of RSUs granted under the 2020 Plan in 2024, as calculated in accordance with FASB ASC 718 (without any reduction for risk of forfeiture) as determined based on applying the assumptions used in Note 7 to our consolidated financial statements for 2024 included elsewhere in this prospectus. These RSUs will fully vest only upon the occurrence of a specific performance milestone (either an initial public offering or a change in control of the Company). Assuming the maximum performance levels are achieved, the value for the RSUs granted in 2024 would be $2,123,820. This amount may not reflect the actual value realized upon vesting or settlement, if any. + +(3) The amounts in this column represent matching contributions to the Company’s 401(k) plan. + +## Narrative Disclosure to Summary Compensation Table + +## Base Salary + +Our NEOs each receive a base salary to compensate them for services rendered to our Company. The base salary payable to each NEO is intended to provide a fixed component of compensation reflecting the executive’s skill set, experience, role, and responsibilities. For 2024, the NEOs’ annual base salaries were as follows: Mr. Halbert—$750,000, Mr. Brille—$600,000, and Dr. Spetzler—$600,000. + +## Annual Bonus + +We maintain an annual cash bonus program in which each of our NEOs participated for 2024. Each NEO’s target bonus is expressed as a percentage of his annual base salary. Bonuses for our NEOs are diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00032.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00032.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..33a432bd9a9679fe4e19439ba305a5880345cb35 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00032.md @@ -0,0 +1,27 @@ +## NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) + +· Level 2—Inputs, other than quoted prices in active markets, that are observable either directly or indirectly; and + +· Level 3—Unobservable inputs in which there is little or no market data, which require the reporting entity to develop its own assumptions. + +Assets and liabilities measured at fair value are based on one or more of three valuation techniques. The three valuation techniques are as follows: + +· Market approach—Prices and other relevant information generated by market transactions involving identical or comparable assets or liabilities; + +· Cost approach—Amount that would be required to replace the service capacity of an asset (i.e., replacement cost); and + +· Income approach—Techniques to convert future amounts to a single present amount based on market expectations (including present value techniques, option-pricing models, and lattice models). + +Financial instruments consist of cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, short-term marketable securities, accounts receivable, prepaid expenses and other current assets, accounts payable, accrued expenses and other current liabilities, debt, warrants, and derivative instruments. + +As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the carrying amounts of the Company’s cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts receivable, prepaid expenses and other current assets, accounts payable, accrued expenses and other current liabilities approximate their fair value based on the short-term nature of these items. There were no transfers between Levels 1, 2 or 3 for the periods ended March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024. + +The Company’s financial assets and liabilities subject to fair value measurements on a recurring basis and the level of inputs used in such measurements were as follows: + +
As of March 31,2025
Fair ValueLevel 1Level 2Level 3
(amounts in thousands)
Financial assets
Short-term marketable securities$ 2,225$2,225$-$         -
Financial liabilities
Warrant liability$128,691$ -$-$128,691
Derivative liability$ 1,342$ - $-$ 1,342
+ +
As of December 31,2024
Fair ValueLevel 1Level 2Level 3
(amounts in thousands)
Financialassets
Short-term marketable securities$ 2,201$2,201$-$-
Financial liabilities
Warrant liability$91,642$ -$-$91,642
Derivative liability$ 6,058$ -$-$ 6,058
+ +## Warrant liability + +The Company utilized a probability-weighted scenario approach factoring in various exit strategies and the related timing of such to estimate the fair value of its warrant liability. For each scenario, the Company utilized a Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following assumptions: diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00033.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00033.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..4a759becad1542479c2e45dca0e841ebf63d588d --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00033.md @@ -0,0 +1,48 @@ +## DILUTION + +If you invest in our common stock in this offering, your ownership interest will be immediately diluted to the extent of the difference between the initial public offering price per share and the pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value per share of our common stock immediately after this offering. + +Historical net tangible book value (deficit) per share represents our total tangible assets less our liabilities and preferred stock that is not included in equity divided by the total number of shares of common stock outstanding. As of March 31, 2025, our historical net tangible book value (deficit) was approximately $(2,625.03) million, or $(74.50) per share. Our pro forma net tangible book value (deficit) as of March 31, 2025, was approximately $(100.05) million, or $(0.37) per share, after giving effect to (i) the Warrant Net Exercises, (ii) the Series E and F Issuance, (iii) the Preferred Stock Conversion, (iv) the issuance of the 2025 Convertible Notes and the related Notes Conversion, (v) the RSU Net Settlement, and (vi) the reduction of the compound derivative liability bifurcated from the 2023 Term Loan. + +After giving further effect to receipt of the net proceeds of our sale of 23,529,412 shares of common stock at an assumed initial public offering price of $17.00 per share, which is the midpoint of the price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, and after deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses, net of $1.4 million of offering expenses paid as of March 31, 2025, our pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value as of March 31, 2025 would have been approximately $270.40 million, or$0.91 per share. This represents an immediate increase in pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value of $74.13 per share to our existing shareholders and an immediate dilution of$16.09 per share to investors purchasing common stock in this offering. + +The following table illustrates this dilution to new investors on a per share basis: + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Assumed initial public offering price per share$17.00
Historical net tangible book value (deficit) per share as of March 31, 2025$(74.50)
Increase per share attributable to the pro forma adjustments described above74.13
Pro forma net tangible book value (deficit) per share as of March 31, 2025(0.37)
Increase in pro forma net tangible book value per share attributable to new investors in this offering1.28
Pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value per share immediately after this offering0.91
Dilution per share to new investors purchasing shares in this offering$16.09
+ +Each $1.00 increase (decrease) in the assumed initial public offering price of $17.00 per share, which is the midpoint of the price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, would increase (decrease) the pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value, by $0.07 per share and the dilution per share to new investors by $0.93 per share, assuming the number of shares of common stock offered by us, as set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, remains the same, after deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us. + +We may also increase or decrease the number of shares of common stock we are offering. An increase (decrease) of 1,000,000 shares in the number of shares of common stock we are offering would increase (decrease) our pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value by approximately $15.8 million, or $0.05 per share, and the pro forma dilution per share to investors in this offering by $0.05 per share, assuming that the assumed initial public offering price remains the same, and after deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us. + +If the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares of common stock in this offering is exercised in full, the pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value would be $1.08 per share, the increase in the pro forma net tangible book value per share for existing shareholders would be $0.17 per share, and the dilution to new investors participating in this offering would be $0.17 per share. + +The dilution information discussed above is illustrative only and will change based on the actual initial public offering price, number of shares of common stock offered and other terms of this offering determined at pricing. diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00034.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00034.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..639d7c04196fec49a3f4b60f1555bb304ba55c7d --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00034.md @@ -0,0 +1,128 @@ +The following table sets forth our results of operations as a percentage of revenue for the periods presented: + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Three Months Ended
March 31,
20252024
Revenue:
Molecular profiling services94%91%
Pharma research and development services6%9%
Total revenue100%100%
Costs and operating expenses$^{(1)}$:
Cost of services-Molecular profiling services50%66%
Cost of Services -Pharma Research and Development Services2%2%
Selling and marketing expense33%49%
General and administrative expense43%55%
Researchand development expense19%43%
Total costs and operating expenses148%214%
Loss from operations(48)%(114)%
Otherincome (expense),net:
Interest income-%2%
Interest expense(11)%(12)%
Changes in fair value of financial instruments(27)%(14)%
Other expense,net$-\%$-%
Total other expense,net(37)%(23)%
Loss before income taxes and provision for income taxes(85)%(138)%
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes$-\%$$-\%$
Net loss$(85)\%$(138)%
+ +## Revenue + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Three Months Ended
March 31,
Change
20252024$%
(Dollars in thousands)
Molecular profiling services$114,081$73,233$40,84855.8%
Pharma research and development services6,8347,444(610)(8.2)%
Total revenue$120,915$80,677$40,23849.9%
+ +Total revenue was $120.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to$80.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024, an increase of $40.2 million, or 49.9%.
+
+Molecular Profiling Services Revenue
+ +Molecular profiling services revenue increased to $114.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025, from$73.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024, an increase of $40.8 million, or 55.8%. + +This increase in revenue was primarily due to the increase in clinical cases associated with MI Profile and Caris Assure for therapy selection from 33,095 and 1,807 cases, respectively, for the three months ended March 31, 2024, to 40,048 and 5,810 cases, respectively, for the three months ended March 31, 2025, \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00035.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00035.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..bb31e5930cf37c60f280196faf6d9279e4782bc9 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00035.md @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +ultimate goal of contributing to improved patient results. This continuous feedback loop enabled us to develop Caris Assure, which utilized genomic data generated by MI Profile to inform our blood-based bioinformatics algorithms, allowing us to detect previously unknown features and signals in the blood that provide advanced insights into disease development. We believe we will be able to further leverage this process to continue meaningful innovation in precision oncology as well as other chronic disease states, including cardiology, neurology, and metabolic conditions. + +Our global annual clinical case volume has been growing rapidly, with year-over-year growth of 29% in 2022, 32% in 2023, 26% in 2024, and 31% in the first quarter of 2025, primarily driven by MI Profile. With our broad commercial launch of Caris Assure for therapy selection in the first quarter of 2024 and the FDA approval of MI Cancer Seek as a companion diagnostic in the fourth quarter of 2024 followed by the broad commercial launch of MI Cancer Seek in the first quarter of 2025 as the NGS component of MI Profile, we believe that increased profiling volumes will meaningfully contribute to our growth in 2025 and beyond. For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, we generated total revenue of $412.3 million and $306.1 million, respectively. For the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, we generated total revenue of $120.9 million and $80.7 million, respectively. We have incurred net losses and negative cash flows from operations since inception. For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, we incurred net losses of $257.1 million and $341.4 million, respectively. For the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, we incurred net losses of $102.6 million and $111.0 million, respectively. Our Adjusted EBITDA was $(189.6) million and $(255.3) million for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Our Adjusted EBITDA was $(36.2) million and $(70.1) million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. For additional information regarding Adjusted EBITDA, a non-GAAP financial measure, see “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Non-GAAP Financial Measures.” We expect to incur additional net losses in the near future, and our expenses will increase as we continue to invest in developing new solutions, expand our organization, and increase our marketing efforts to continue to drive market adoption of our solutions. These investments, together with general and administrative expenses, have resulted in negative cash flows from operations of $245.2 million, $276.1 million, $31.3 million, and $73.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 and the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. Our free cash flow was $(253.6) million and $(298.4) million for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and, $(34.0) million and $(75.7) million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. For additional information regarding free cash flow, a non-GAAP financial measure, see “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Non-GAAP Financial Measures.” Additionally, as of March 31, 2025, we had cash, cash equivalents, and short-term marketable securities of $33.4 million, and the aggregate principal amount of debt outstanding under our existing term loan was $400.0 million. For additional information regarding our liquidity and capital resources, see “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Liquidity and Capital Resources.” + +## Industry Overview + +Addressing the complexity of cancer remains a major challenge in healthcare and a critical area of unmet medical need, despite enormous investments in research and development (“R&D”), and the introduction of new oncology therapeutics and treatments. The molecular revolution is upending the traditional paradigm of complex workflows of diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring of diseases, which largely uses a symptomatic, reactive approach to medicine. Over the last several decades, significant advances in genomics, proteomics, molecular technology, and computing power have enabled a comprehensive, multi-omic approach to the molecular profiling of diseases, both efficiently and at scale. The information provided by comprehensive molecular profiling is driving a revolution in medicine, where molecular information is used to guide individualized patient diagnoses and treatment. + +Comprehensive molecular profiling entails evaluating thousands of potential biomarkers, including DNA, RNA, proteins, and other molecular and clinical information for characteristics unique to a particular patient’s disease. Given the complexity of a cancer’s origin and drivers, comprehensive molecular information incorporating DNA, RNA, and protein profiles can help provide the most robust picture of a patient’s disease and potential treatment pathways. WES/WTS streamlines the patient experience and clinical decision-making and offers increased value to patients, physicians, and payers. We believe WES/WTS diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00036.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00036.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..b9198a10c0b2958ae0e55d48c352052806aab79b --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00036.md @@ -0,0 +1,124 @@ +## CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE LOSS (UNAUDITED) + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Three Months Ended March 31,
(amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)20252024
Revenue:
Molecular profiling services$ 114,081$ 73,233
Pharma research and development services6,8347,444
Total revenue120,91580,677
Costs and operating expenses:
Cost of Services-Molecular Profiling Services60,89452,894
Cost of Services-Pharma Research and Development Services2,9581,669
Selling and marketing expense39,82939,609
General and administrative expense (includes related party amounts of $515and $480, for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024,
respectively)
52,11944,354
Research and development expense23,06634,376
Total costs and operating expenses178,867172,902
Loss from operations(57,952)(92,225)
Other income (expense), net:
Interest income5031,768
Interest expense(12,782)(9,290)
Changes in fair value of financial instruments(32,333)(11,064)
Other expense,net(17)(219)
Total other expense,net(44,629)(18,804)
Loss before income taxes and provision for income taxes(102,581)(111,028)
Provision for income taxes
Net loss(102,581)(111,028)
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax:
Unrealized gain on available-for-sale securities-7
Foreign currency translation adjustments358
Comprehensive loss(102,546)(111,013)
Net loss attributable to common shareholders:
Net loss(102,581)(111,028)
Adjustments of redeemable convertible preferred stock to redemption value(24,462)(23,113)
Net loss attributable to common shareholders$(127,043)$ (134,141)
Net loss per share attributable to common shareholders, basic and diluted$ (3.57)$ (3.80)
Weighted-average shares used in computing net loss per share attributable to
common shareholders, basic and diluted
35,623,04235,313,037
+ +The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00037.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00037.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..23622e7a1df14827aeed4393152a6e0096f143c6 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00037.md @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +## The Power of Big Data + +With a dataset as large as ours, a key task is to reduce the dimensionality of data to those key features that are useful to understanding the systems biology while avoiding any preconceived bias in how we might expect the features to be related. We accomplish this through mathematical embedding, which we use to reduce the dimensionality of the datasets to provide powerful insights into the underlying relationships within the data. This massive amount of information, across the whole transcriptome and multiplied across hundreds of thousands of patients, then undergoes a process where features that tend to occur together more often (or clusters) are associated into a multidimensional vector space. + +One example of this methodology, and how additional data drives better predictions, can be seen in the pictures below, which show the clustering of a single gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) across increasingly large datasets, from our research into a predictive algorithm for brain metastasis. This clustering, which reflects screening through AI to reduce dimensionality and identify underlying clusters, shows that meaningful clustering groups can only be seen with larger amounts of data. The clusters become increasingly visible as the datasets grow from 1,000 to 200,000 cases. + + + +In this study, once we identified the relevant clusters, we then used the coordinates of the clusters as inputs into a separate AI/ML model that would predict the likely outcome—in this case, whether a patient was more or less likely to develop a brain metastasis. + +Our in-depth profiling of patient samples has led to the creation of what we believe to be one of the largest and most comprehensive multi-modal clinico-genomic datasets in oncology based on the more than 6.5 million tests we have run on over 849,000 cases, which have generated measurements of over 38 billion molecular markers. Leveraging high-powered computing and AI/ML algorithms, we, and our biopharma and research partners who use our data and bioinformatics services, analyze our datasets to determine the key molecular characteristics of a particular disease or dysfunction that drives disease, enabling signature identification and drug target discovery. We believe this wealth of data and processing power, together with whole-slide imaging, our tissue and slide repository, can help our researchers and external partners gain previously unattainable insights about specific patient populations. + +A study that we recently published in Nature Communications, a peer-reviewed scientific journal, demonstrated the power of our real-world clinical and genomic dataset, augmented through agreements with external providers of clinical outcomes data, to drive clinical insights. This study evaluated real-world outcomes for patients eligible for available tissue-agnostic therapies, which are powerful “pan-cancer” therapies that target specific molecular alterations across multiple cancer types and of which several have FDA approval. The study, using the largest real-world clinical and genomic dataset of tissue-agnostic indications reported to date across more than 295,000 de-identified patients and over 50 tumor types, demonstrated that over 20% of cancer patients are candidates for a tissue-agnostic therapies based on current FDA-approved indications. Additionally, the study found that over 5% of patients lacking any tumor-specific indication were found to carry a tissue-agnostic indication and thus to be candidates for a tissue-agnostic therapy. The study also generated insights into the different outcomes produced by tissue-agnostic therapies in different tissues. We believe the datasets built by our profiling solutions help enable further development of clinical insights with therapeutic and economic implications. + +This study was conducted in 2024 by our researchers using data from all patients who had undergone comprehensive tissue sequencing at our Phoenix tissue laboratory between 2015 and 2023, who had successful diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00038.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00038.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..f926b803cd50515ab8b187b447c79edb2af5f53b --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00038.md @@ -0,0 +1,128 @@ +## UNITED STATES + +## SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION + +Washington, D.C. 20549 + +## Amendment No. 1 + +to + +## FORM S-1 + +REGISTRATION STATEMENT + +UNDER + +THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 + +## CARIS LIFE SCIENCES, INC. + +(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) + +Texas + +(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) + +8071 + +(Primary Standard Industrial Classification Code Number) + +85-2077369 + +(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number) + +750 W. John Carpenter Freeway + +Suite 800 + +Irving, TX 75039 + +Telephone: (866) 771-8946 + +(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of registrant’s principal executive offices) + +David D. Halbert + +Founder, Chairman, and Chief Executive Officer + +Caris Life Sciences, Inc. + +750 W. John Carpenter Freeway, Suite 800 + +Irving, TX 75039 + +Telephone: (866) 771-8946 + +(Name, address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of agent for service) + +Copies to: + +Nathan Ajiashvili + +Alison Haggerty + +Samer Zabaneh + +Latham & Watkins LLP + +1271 Avenue of the Americas + +New York, NY 10020 + +Telephone: (212) 906-1200 + +J. Russel Denton + +Ginger Appleberry + +Michael R. Sullivan + +Caris Life Sciences, Inc. + +750 W. John Carpenter Freeway, Suite 800 + +Irving, TX 75039 + +Telephone: (866) 771-8946 + +Eric Blanchard + +Divakar Gupta + +Charles S. Kim + +Cooley LLP + +500 Boylston Street + +Boston, MA 02116 + +Telephone: (617) 937-2300 + +Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the public: As soon as practicable after the effective date of this registration statement. + +If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, check the following box. □ + +If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. □ + +If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. □ + +If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. □ + +Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. + +Large accelerated filer □ + +Accelerated filer □ + +Non-accelerated filer ☒ + +Smaller reporting company □ + +Emerging growth company ⊠ + +If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act. □ + +The Registrant hereby amends this Registration Statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the Registrant shall file a further amendment which specifically states that this Registration Statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or until the Registration Statement shall become effective on such date as the Commission, acting pursuant to said Section 8(a), may determine. + diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00039.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00039.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..56bb448fc5d702e48891424b1c78f4ef9e9d0519 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00039.md @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +detection of breast cancer and intend to do so in a capital efficient manner, with the expectation that we will leverage either a commercial partner or our existing sales channels, however, our plans and intentions may change. + +## Caris Assure for Minimal Residual Disease Tracking and Treatment Monitoring + +A third model was trained by us using the feature sets described above for deployment in the settings of MRD and recurrence monitoring. This model, ABCDai-M&M, was trained using samples from 3,439 patients (1,290 patients with cancer and 2,149 individuals with no reported cancer) and performance was assessed on two independent validation cohorts: 86 patients in the MRD study and 101 patients in the recurrence monitoring study. The disease-free survival of patients whose cancers were predicted by ABCDai-M&M to have an event was significantly shorter than those predicted not to have an event using a tumor naïve approach (HR=33.4, p<0.005, HR=4.39, p=.008, respectively). The ABCDai-M&M model captured 89% of MRD recurrence events with 98% NPV and 76% specificity, and 45% of recurrence monitoring events with 92.6% NPV and 83% specificity. + + + +The following graphic illustrates the performance of Caris Assure for CRC in the MRD setting, in our clinical validation performed on 44 patient samples. diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00040.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00040.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..9e16971059571b37ce507cdd79c51ba3ad35cfc4 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00040.md @@ -0,0 +1,53 @@ +## NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) + +## Note 8. Long-Term Debt + +The carrying value of debt presented within current portion of notes payable and long-term indebtedness, net of debt discounts on the condensed consolidated balance sheets as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 includes the following components: + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
As of March 31, 2025As of December 31, 2024
(amounts in thousands)
Term loan Initial Draw-January 18,2023$200,000$200,000
Exit fee on term loan-January 18,20232,0002,000
Term loan Subsequent Draw-March 5, 2024200,000200,000
Exit fee on term loan-March 5,20242,0002,000
Less: Amortized debt discounts and financing costs(1)(28,918)(30,863)
Net debt$375,082$373,137
Compound bifurcated derivative liability$ 1,342$ 6,058
+ +(1) Includes debt discounts of $28.3 million associated with the initial carrying value of compound bifurcated derivative liability. + +Maturities of the Company’s debt are expected to be as follows as of March 31, 2025: + +
Amount
Years Ending December 31,
Remainder of 2025$^{(1)}$$ 60,000
2026-
2027-
2028340,000
2029-
+ +(1) Represents 15% of the outstanding principal amount under the 2023 Term Loan Agreement, which is due on the earlier of (x) for dates prior to January 1, 2026, any date that the redemption rights in respect of our Series C preferred stock or Series D preferred stock are or may become exercisable within 90 days following such date, or (y) January 1, 2026 or the first date thereafter if, as of such date, the redemption rights in respect of our Series C preferred stock or Series D preferred stock are or may become exercisable on or prior to the date that is six months after the maturity date. The Series C preferred stock redemption rights may be exercised on or after March 31, 2026. All outstanding shares of our Series C preferred stock and Series D preferred stock will convert into shares of common stock as part of the Preferred Stock Conversion and any redemption rights thereunder will terminate in connection with the completion of this offering and consequently, the payments disclosed herein would not be applicable. + +## Term Loan Refinancing + +On September 21, 2018, the Company entered into a secured term loan agreement (the “Original Term Loan Agreement”) with Sixth Street Specialty Lending, Inc. and Barnett Debt Holdings, LLC (collectively, the “Original Term Loan Lenders”), which provided the Company with an initial term loan of $50.0 million (the “2018 Term Loan”) and a delayed term loan draw option of $50.0 million, which the Company drew down in full on October 4, 2019 (the “2019 Term Loan”). On April 2, 2020, the Company amended the Original Term Loan Agreement (the “Amended Term Loan Agreement”) to obtain additional term loan proceeds of $75.0 million (the “2020 Term Loan” and collectively with the 2018 Term Loan and the 2019 Term Loan, the “Original Term Loans”). diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00041.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00041.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..07fbbd56379cac9886925045ebf3bb2dbaa87fbf --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00041.md @@ -0,0 +1,26 @@ +## NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) + +Other Expense, Net + +Other expense, net consists of the following: + +
As of December 31,
20242023
(amounts in thousands)
Loss on debt extinguishment$ -$(10,915)
Other(349)(1,691)
Total other expense,net$(349)$(12,606)
+ +## Note 4. Guaranty Agreement and Restricted Cash + +The Company entered into a Master Continuing Guaranty Agreement with Bank of America in 2011 to provide a guarantee for credit exposure related to the Company’s commercial bank accounts with Bank of America. The agreement was guaranteed through collateral accounts of $0.3 million as of December 31, 2024 and 2023. The agreement contains various customary affirmative and financial reporting obligations and is considered to be restricted cash, as the account is under a security deposit agreement. All obligations are in compliance with the terms of the agreement.
+
+The Company entered into a lease agreement with KCP NNN II Leasehold 4, LLC on July 25, 2019 to lease 114,500 square feet of space in Irving, Texas. As part of the lease agreement, the Company delivered an unconditional, irrevocable letter of credit for $3.4 million from a nationally recognized bank. The Company obtained this letter of credit and placed $3.4 million in a security deposit account. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, amounts outstanding are $2.7 million and $3.1 million, respectively, and are included within cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash and other assets on the consolidated balance sheets.
+
+The remaining restricted cash amounts are not material individually. + +The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash reported within the consolidated balance sheet that sum to the total of the amounts shown in the consolidated statements of cash flows. Restricted cash is presented within cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash and other assets on the consolidated balance sheets. + +
Consolidated balance sheet line itemAs of December 31,
20242023
(amounts in thousands)
Cash and cash equivalentsCash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash$63,950$56,402
Restricted cash-short termCash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash1,4923,605
Restricted cash-long termOther assets2,586-
Total$68,028$60,007
+ +## Note 5. Income Taxes + + +For financial reporting purposes, income before income taxes includes the following components: + +
Years Ended December 31,
20242023
(amounts in thousands
United States$(283,720)$(339,724)
Foreign$ 1,830$ (1,691)
Total$(281,890)$(341,415)
diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00042.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00042.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..9a2b22ed05da24f87629119bb2515ad8920ae473 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00042.md @@ -0,0 +1,54 @@ +## NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) + +are a function of a patient’s existing insurance benefits and applicable reimbursement contracts established between the Company and payers. Revenue associated with each payer, including its affiliated entities, as a percentage of the Company’s total revenue for the respective period, and accounts receivable balance attributable to each payer, including its affiliated entities, as a percentage of the Company’s total accounts receivable balance at the respective consolidated balance sheet date, are as follows: + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Major Payer% Revenue for the years ended December 31,% Accounts receivable as of December 31,
2024202320242023
Payer 133.1%35.8%16.1%18.6%
Payer 2*11.0%*20.6%
Payer 314.0%14.0%19.3%*
+ +\* Represents major payers below 10.0%. + +In addition, as of December 31, 2024, one biopharmaceutical customer represented 22.3% of total accounts receivable. + +## Accounts Receivable + +Accounts receivable includes billed and unbilled receivables, net of an allowance for expected credit losses. Accounts receivable primarily represent receivables from biopharmaceutical customers and third-party payers. Accounts receivable for pharmaceutical services are established based on the amounts outstanding per the contractual arrangements with biopharmaceutical customers. The Company applies the current expected credit loss standard in ASC Subtopic 326-20, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (“ASC 326-20”) and reserves a portion of the accounts receivable based on assessment of the collectability of customer accounts at the time of revenue recognition. The Company regularly reviews the reserve by considering factors such as historical experience, credit quality, the age of the accounts receivable balances, and current economic conditions that may affect a customer’s ability to pay. + +Receivables deemed to be uncollectible are written-off against the allowance for credit losses at the time such receivables are deemed to be uncollectible under a specific identification or estimated method. Recoveries of accounts receivable previously written off are recorded when received. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company had an immaterial allowance for credit losses related to its accounts receivable. + +## Supplies + +Supplies consist primarily of laboratory items and reagents used by the Company in providing services. All supplies are raw materials and are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value on a first-in, first-out basis. The Company periodically reviews its supplies for excess or obsolescence and writes down obsolete or otherwise unmarketable supplies to their estimated net realizable value. For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, the amount of write downs associated with the Company’s supplies was immaterial. + +## Deferred Offering Costs + +Deferred offering costs consist primarily of accounting, legal, and other fees related to the Company’s proposed initial public offering (“IPO”). These costs are recorded as prepaid expenses and other current assets on the consolidated balance sheets. The deferred offering costs will be recorded against IPO proceeds upon the consummation of the IPO. In the event the planned IPO is terminated, the deferred offering costs will be expensed. The Company had $4.5 million of deferred offering costs as of December 31, 2024. Deferred offering costs were not material as of December 31, 2023. + +## Property and Equipment, Net + +The Company reports property and equipment at cost, net of accumulated depreciation, amortization, and any asset impairments. The cost of properties held under finance leases is equal to the diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00043.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00043.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..44bb32e0f6382016b33b4ecd84a6ce85edb85b25 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00043.md @@ -0,0 +1,270 @@ +## CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF REDEEMABLE CONVERTIBLE PREFERRED STOCK AND SHAREHOLDERS’ DEFICIT + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Redeemable Convertible Preferred StockCommon StockTreasury StockAdditional Paid-In
Capital
Party
Promissory Note
Receivable
Accumulated DeficitAccumulated Other
Comprehensive Income
Total
Shareholders' Deficit
(amounts in thousands, except share data)SharesAmountSharesAmountSharesAmount
Balances at December 31,2022703,086,140$1,954,17234,376,983$37182,500$(330)$ -$(24,969)$(1,678,549)$ 1,698$(1,702,113)
Stock-based compensation------15,241---15,241
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options--614,2951--1,864---1,865
Interest income from related party
promissory notes
-------(732)--(732)
Vesting of shares from early exercised stock options--306,000---4,958---4,958
Adjustment of redeemable convertible
preferred Series C and Series D to
redemption value
-121,112----(21,901)-(99,211)-(121,112)
Conversion of convertible note into Series C preferred stock31,055,90150,000---------
Other comprehensive loss---------(1,480)(1,480)
Net losS--------(341,415)-(341,415)
Foreign exchange gain------(162)---(162)
Balances at December 31,2023734,142,041$2,125,284 35,297,278$38182,500$(330)$ -$(25,701)$(2,119,175)$ 218$(2,144,950)
Stock-based compensation------18,643---18,643
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options--239,041---1,530---1,530
Interest income from related party
promissory notes
-------(755)--(755)
Vesting of shares from early exercised stock options--306,000---4,960---4,960
Adjustment of redeemable convertible
preferred Series C and Series D to
redemption value
-96,367----(25,133)-(71,234)-(96,367)
Other comprehensive loss---------(8)(8)
Net loss--------(281,890)-(281,890)
Balances at December 31,2024734,142,041$2,221,65135,842,319$38182,500$(330)$ -$(26,456)$(2,472,299)$ 210$(2,498,837)
+ +The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00044.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00044.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..636a38ff5f0dfb1653edf0dd040138f307705216 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00044.md @@ -0,0 +1,82 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Three Months Ended March 31, 2025Year Ended
December 31,2024
(in thousands, except share
and per share data)
Pro forma adjustment to reflect the Notes Conversion2,521,0042,521,004
Pro forma adjustment to reflect the RSU Net Settlement751,464751,464
Weighted-average shares used in computing pro forma net loss per
share, basic and diluted
273,965,936273,839,726
Pro forma net loss per share, basic and diluted$^{(d)}$$ (0.37)$ (3.20)
+ +(a) Gives effect to conversion price adjustments for the Series C preferred stock and Series D preferred stock, in each case based on an assumed initial public offering price of $17.00 per share, which is the midpoint of the price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus. The change in the fair value of the shares of preferred stock triggered by such conversion price adjustments is considered a deemed dividend and thus excluded from the computation of pro forma net loss per share attributable to common shareholders.
+
+(b) Gives effect to (i) the cash bonus payable upon a successful initial public offering, as further described in the section titled “Executive Compensation,” and (ii) expenses associated with the issuance of the 2025 Warrants.
+
+(c) Gives effect to the reduction of the fair value of the compound derivative liability bifurcated from the 2023 Term Loan. The fair value is mainly driven by the prepayment amortization feature of the 2023 Term Loan, which, upon consummation of this offering, has a de minimis value.
+
+(d) Each $1.00 increase in the assumed initial public offering price of $17.00 per share, which is the midpoint of the price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, would decrease the pro forma net loss per share for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and the year ended December 31, 2024, by approximately $0.01 and $0.14, respectively. Each $1.00 decrease in the assumed initial public offering price of $17.00 per share, which is the midpoint of the price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, would increase the pro forma net loss per share for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and the year ended December 31, 2024, by approximately $0.01 and $0.13, respectively. Pro forma adjustments in this footnote are illustrative only and will be adjusted based on the actual initial public offering price and other terms of this offering determined at pricing. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
As of March 31, 2025
ActualPro Forma$^{(1)}$Pro Forma
As Adjusted$^{(2)(3)}$
(in thousands)
Consolidated Balance Sheet Data:
Cash,cash equivalents, and restricted cash$ 32,704$185,531$546,292
Working capital$^{(4)}$8,679157,516517,696
Total assets291,583444,410799,349
Total liabilities645,335519,292509,631
Redeemable convertible preferred stock2,246,113--
Total shareholders' (deficit) equity(2,599,865)(74,882)289,718
+ +(1) Gives effect to (i) the Warrant Net Exercises, (ii) the Series E and F Issuance, (iii) the Preferred Stock Conversion, (iv) the issuance of the 2025 Convertible Notes and the related Notes Conversion, (v) the RSU Net Settlement, and (vi) the reduction of the compound derivative liability bifurcated from the 2023 Term Loan.
+
+(2) Gives effect to (i) the pro forma adjustments described in footnote (1) above, (ii) the sale by us of 23,529,412 shares of common stock in this offering at an assumed initial public offering price of $17.00 per share, which is the midpoint of the price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, after deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us, net of $1.4 million of + + diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00045.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00045.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..fc13608dc7174b7909ad313e5e6ce5edeebcaaac --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00045.md @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ + +Together with collaborators, our medical and scientific experts have authored over 380 manuscripts in peer-reviewed medical and scientific journals, and more than 660 abstracts, posters and presentations at leading industry conferences and symposiums that expound on our innovative platforms and technologies. + + + +## Data Driving Development of New Clinical Solutions + +A significant benefit of generating WES and WTS results for every eligible patient is that the resulting dataset becomes a unique and proprietary resource to fuel the development of new molecular-driven signatures, products, and profiling solution enhancements that are only possible due to the availability of large datasets. Our datasets have also been augmented through agreements with external data providers. We have leveraged our vast datasets to drive the development of AI-based signatures and other enhancements, including our ABCDai algorithm and hundreds of other AI algorithms that are used in our bioinformatics pipelines for our profiling solutions. These solutions are designed to allow us to better leverage our data to improve patient outcomes and significantly differentiate us from our competitors. + +We plan to utilize our datasets and molecular profiling knowledge to continue to create proprietary molecular signatures that leverage NGS-based testing results and to utilize digital scans of tissue slides to predict the presence of certain molecular markers without the need for NGS profiling. In addition, we plan to establish patient-level prognosis and prediction of therapeutic benefit, with an initial focus on breast cancer, but that we believe will have therapeutic benefits across all cancer types. \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00046.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00046.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..85792b6f5a033d85651921fff5b2d4cfdd46b0ba --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00046.md @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +Since our founding, we have achieved the following significant milestones: + + + +To our knowledge, we remain the only genomic profiling company to consistently utilize WES and WTS as standard practice on every eligible patient sample. Our in-depth profiling of patient samples has led to the creation of what we believe to be one of the largest and most comprehensive multi-modal clinico-genomic datasets in oncology. Our ever-expanding datasets include data generated from more than 6.5 million tests that have generated measurements of over 38 billion molecular markers from over 13 quadrillion datapoints as of March 31, 2025, as well as matched clinical outcomes for many of these patients. + +Our global annual clinical case volume has been growing rapidly, with year-over-year growth of 29% in 2022, 32% in 2023, 26% in 2024, and 31% in the first quarter of 2025, primarily driven by MI Profile. With our broad commercial launch of Caris Assure for therapy selection in the first quarter of 2024 and the FDA approval of MI Cancer Seek as a companion diagnostic in the fourth quarter of 2024 followed by the broad commercial launch of MI Cancer Seek in the first quarter of 2025 as the NGS component of MI Profile, we believe that increased profiling volumes will meaningfully contribute to our growth in 2025 and beyond. + + diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00047.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00047.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..a090732e0948fbe9513e2936342b357712dffcd6 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00047.md @@ -0,0 +1,6 @@ +## Case Volume Growth + +## (Thousands$^{*}$) + + + diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00048.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00048.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..bdd501c7f56b02a66e9e815563db57ba06b36866 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00048.md @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +## NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) + +present value of lease payments not yet paid, adjusted for initial direct costs, prepaid lease payments and lease incentives received. Major improvements which add to productive capacity or extend the life of an asset are capitalized. Normal repairs and maintenance are expensed as incurred. When assets are retired or otherwise disposed of, the cost and related accumulated depreciation and amortization are removed from the accounts, and any resulting gain or loss is reflected in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss for the period. + +Depreciation and amortization expenses are calculated on a straight-line basis and applied to asset classes based upon the Company’s estimate of the asset class’s useful life, as summarized below: + +
Computer equipment and software
Laboratory equipment3 years
Computer equipment and software3 years
Furniture and fixtures5 years
Aircraft7 years
Leasehold improvements/leased buildingsLesser of remaining lease term or useful life
Leased equipmentLesser of initial lease term or 5 years
+ +Computer equipment and software includes the purchases of hardware, software and capitalized labor costs associated with internally developed software. + +The Company capitalizes purchased software which is ready-for-service and capitalizes qualifying internal software development costs incurred on significant projects. Capitalization of costs begins when two criteria are met: (1) the preliminary project stage is completed, management with relevant authority authorizes and commits to funding the software project, and (2) it is probable that the software will be completed and used for its intended function. Capitalization ceases when the software is substantially complete and ready for its intended use, including the completion of all significant testing. Costs related to preliminary project activities and post-implementation operating activities are expensed as incurred. + +Research and development costs and other computer software maintenance costs related to software development are expensed as incurred. + +Capitalized software costs are included in property and equipment, net. These costs are amortized using the straight-line method over the estimated useful life of the underlying software, which is three years. The Company capitalized $1.1 million and $3.3 million in development costs for internal use software for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. + +## Leases + +The Company is a lessee for various types of property and equipment. The Company determines if an arrangement is or contains a lease at inception by evaluating whether the contract contains an identified asset that the Company has the right to control the use of throughout the contract term. Lease classification as either an operating or finance lease is determined at the lease commencement date when the leased assets are made available for use. + +Upon lease commencement, the Company recognizes a lease liability and right-of-use (“ROU”) asset. ROU assets represent the right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent the Company’s obligation to make payments arising from the lease. Lease liabilities are recognized at the lease commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term, regardless of whether the lease is an operating or finance lease. Lease payments consist primarily of fixed payments under the arrangement, less tenant incentives, if any. For each lease, the Company first assesses whether the rate implicit in the lease is readily determinable. When the rate implicit in the lease is not readily determinable, the Company uses an estimate of its incremental borrowing rate (“IBR”) based on the information available at the lease commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments. In determining the appropriate IBR, the Company considers information including, but not limited to, its diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00049.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00049.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..6ec79cb7d084391a69d625cbbfd7de542c036f16 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00049.md @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +## Case Study: The Importance of RNA Profiling + +Caris was presented with the case of a teenaged boy diagnosed with high-grade astrocytoma, a type of brain tumor. Two years prior, the patient’s oncologist had ordered DNA-only profiling from another provider who did not identify any actionable mutations in the patient’s DNA. As a result, the patient was placed on a standard chemotherapy regimen. + +Upon recurrence of the tumor two years later, the oncologist ordered genomic testing from the same provider, who again did not identify any actionable mutations in the DNA. The patient began radiation therapy. Despite the initial profiling attempt and results, the tumor’s recurrence necessitated further investigation, leading the patient’s healthcare team to seek out more comprehensive testing with Caris. + +The Caris WES/WTS report revealed a significant finding: an FGFR fusion, which is a genetic alteration that can disrupt normal cell signaling and lead to cancerous cell growth, found in the patient’s RNA. Despite the challenges posed by the tumor’s recurrence, Caris’ ability to detect this actionable variant offered hope for potential targeted therapies, including the National Cancer Institute-Children’s Oncology Group Pediatric MATCH trial* for pediatric patients with advanced, recurrent solid tumors. + +This case demonstrated the critical role of comprehensive molecular profiling of both the DNA and RNA. By leveraging advanced testing methodologies such as WES and WTS, the provider was able to uncover potentially life-saving treatment options for this patient facing a challenging diagnosis, high-grade astrocytoma. + +## Molecular Signatures + +In addition to individual gene alterations, profiling can provide information on specific patterns or combinations of molecular features that might otherwise be challenging to detect. These molecular signatures may be associated with particular cancer types, prognoses, or therapeutic responses. Examples of molecular signatures include: + +• TMB: TMB is a measurement of the number of somatic mutations per megabase of DNA sequenced. A high TMB is used as a biomarker for the selection of certain checkpoint inhibitors to treat solid tumors. WES is the gold standard for measuring TMB as it covers the entire coding region of the genome. Measurements derived from targeted panels or comprehensive genomic profiling, on the other hand, vary significantly from panel to panel due to variable and incomplete coverage. + +• Microsatellite instability (“MSI”): MSI testing measures the ability of a cell to repair mistakes in DNA replication. Defective mismatch repair caused by alterations in mismatch repair genes is associated with elevated mutation rates in areas where short DNA sequences of base pairs are repeated. These areas are referred to as microsatellites. MSI analysis can identify candidates for immunotherapy or MSI-indicated clinical trials and diagnose Lynch Syndrome in colon and endometrial cancers. + +• Genomic loss of heterozygosity (“gLOH”): Loss of one copy of a genomic region, known as gLOH, may cause tumor suppressor gene inactivation, thereby promoting cancer development. gLOH is indicative of a form of defective DNA repair called homologous recombination deficiency. When a tumor exhibits DNA repair mechanism impairment, drugs targeting a secondary repair pathway can kill tumor cells without harming normal cells, a phenomenon called synthetic lethality. Thus, gLOH is a biomarker for therapeutic response to poly adenosine diphosphate-ribose polymerase (“PARP”) inhibitors which target the single-strand break DNA repair pathway. + +• Homologous recombination deficiency (“HRD”): Related to gLOH, inefficient repair of damaged DNA via homologous recombination can contribute to the development of cancer. HRD often results from aberrations in key DNA repair genes, including BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes, ataxia telangiectasia mutated (“ATM”), PALB2, and CHEK2, and is associated with increased sensitivity to PARP inhibitors, as above. + +✻ https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/nci-supported/pediatric-match diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00050.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00050.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..9773693d535063947afd4217733f5a8dc8faef09 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00050.md @@ -0,0 +1,118 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Name of Beneficial OwnerNumberof
Shares Beneficially Owned
PercentageofShares
Beneficially Owned
Before this OfferingAfter this Offering
Greater than 5% Shareholders:
Entities affiliated with David D. Halbert$^{(1)}$124,906,29652.1%41.7%
Entities affiliated withSixth $\text {Street}^{(2)}$29,010,59612.2%9.8%
J.H. Whitney VI L.P.$^{(3)}$20,256,6158.5%6.8%
Named Executive Officers and Directors:
David D.Halbert$^{(1)}$124,906,29652.1%41.7%
David Spetzler$^{(4)}$2,987,7321.2%1.0%
Brian J. Brille$^{(5)}$3,762,5001.6%1.3%
George H. Poste$^{(6)}$701,219**
Jonathan Knowles$^{(7)}$291,750**
Nathan Burns---
David Fredrickson$^{(8)}$2,500**
Peter M. Castleman$^{(9)}$10,373,4064.4%3.5%
Joseph E. Gilliam$^{(10)}$77,500**
Jon S. Halbert$^{(11)}$1,350,000**
Laura I. Johansen$^{(12)}$314,576**
Lloyd B.Minor---
Vijay Mohan---
Danny Phillips$^{(13)}$102,500**
Jeffrey Vacirca$^{(14)}$15,000**
All executive officers and directors as a group
(17 individuals)$^{(15)}$
145,312,76759.0%47.5%
+ +\* Represents beneficial ownership of less than 1%. + +(1) Consists of (i) 1,881,294 shares of common stock held by David D. Halbert, of which 1,662,500 shares of common stock are pledged as collateral to secure certain personal indebtedness of Mr. Halbert, (ii) 2,000,000 shares of common stock underlying options to purchase common stock held by Mr. Halbert that are currently exercisable or would be exercisable within 60 days of May 31, 2025, (iii) 101,261,532 shares of common stock held by Caris Halbert, L.P., (iv) 8,528,805 shares of common stock held by ADAPT I Ltd., (v) 8,414,427 shares of common stock held by Carisome I, L.P., (vi) 645,149 shares of common stock held by Caris Investment II Ltd., and (vii) 2,175,089 shares of common stock held by Caris Investment III Ltd. (collectively with Caris Halbert, L.P., ADAPT I Ltd., Carisome I, L.P., and Caris Investment III Ltd., the "DDH Entities"). Caris Investment Management, LLC is the general partner of each of Caris Halbert, L.P., Caris Investment II Ltd., and Caris Investment III Ltd. Two family trusts are separately the general partner of ADAPT I Ltd. and the managing general partner of Carisome I, L.P., respectively. David D. Halbert, our Founder, Chairman, and Chief Executive Officer, is the managing member of Caris Investment Management, LLC and the trustee of each of the two family trusts, and in such capacities, has voting and investment power with respect to the shares held by each of the DDH Entities. + +(2) Consists of (i) 6,248,023 shares of common stock held by Barnett Equity Holdings, LLC (“Barnett Equity Holdings”), (ii) 12,480,392 shares of common stock held by Barnett Equity Holdings II, LLC (“Barnett Equity Holdings II”), (iii) 4,648,237 shares of common stock held by TOP III Barnett Investments, LLC (“TOP III Barnett”), (iv) 4,183,413 shares of common stock held by TAO Barnett Investments, LLC (“TAO Barnett” and, together with Barnett Equity Holdings, Barnett Equity Holdings II, and TOP III Barnett, the “Barnett Holders”), and (v) 1,450,531 shares of common stock held by Sixth Street Specialty Lending, Inc. (“SLX”). +TSSP Sub-Fund Holdco, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“Sub-Fund HoldCo”), is the sole member of each of TAO SPV GP, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“TAO SPV”), and Empire SPV GP, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“Empire SPV”). TAO SPV is the managing member of each of (i) Barnett Equity Holdings; (ii) Barnett Equity Holdings II; and (iii) TAO Barnett. Empire SPV is the managing member of TOP III Barnett. + +TSSP Holdco Management, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“Holdco Management”), manages Sixth Street Specialty Lending Advisers Holdings, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“Adviser + diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00051.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00051.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..271b282d0c54a64bd7276f5c58c9167bbd7fa751 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00051.md @@ -0,0 +1,184 @@ +## CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Years Ended December 31,
(amounts in thousands)20242023
Cash flows from operating activities
Net loss$(281,890)$(341,415)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization48,91349,001
Stock-based compensation expense18,64315,241
Non-cash operating lease expense5,6014,332
Amortization of debt discounts7,0545,378
Changesin fair valueoffinancial instruments(18,484)(11,094)
Loss on debt extinguishment-10,915
Others4,031(1,329)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable(33,816)(15,081)
Supplies5,459(4,435)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets(1,408)4,544
Otherassets121(588)
Accounts payable(226)7,171
Accrued expenses and other liabilities8031,260
Net cash used in operating activities$(245,199)$(276,100)
Cash flows from investing activities
Maturities of marketable securities61,376300,488
Purchases of marketable securities-(63,395)
Purchases of property and equipment(8,444)(22,319)
Net cash provided by investingactivities$ 52,932$ 214,774
Cash flows from financing activities
Payments made on finance lease obligations(157)(743)
Proceeds from exercise of stock options1,5301,865
Paymentofdeferred offering costs(1,059)-
Proceeds from the 2023 term loan, net of issuance costs199,978191,310
Payment of third-party debt issuance costs-(2,300)
Repayment of the Original Term Loans-(180,000)
Net cash provided by financing activities$ 200,292$ 10,132
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash(4)62
Net decrease in cash, cash equivalents,and restricted cash8,021(51,132)
Cash,cash equivalents, and restricted cash at beginning of year60,007111,139
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of year$68,028$ 60,007
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information
Interest ppaid$ 49,017$ 15,776
Supplemental disclosure of non-cash activity
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities
Operating cash flow used for operating leases$ 11,297$ 12,062
Operating cash flow used for finance leases$ 36$ 78
Financing cash flow used for finance leases$ 157$ 743
Property and equipment included in accounts payable and accrued liabilities$ 2,052$ 894
Deferred offering costs, accrued but not yet paid$ 3,266$ 254
Conversion of convertible debt to Series C Preferred Stock$ -$ 50,000
Lease liabilities arising from obtained right-of-use-assets
Operating leases$ 725$ 4,782
Financeleases$ 42$ -
diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00052.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00052.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..8176357d68f017c0001543420ee10f74c4127465 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00052.md @@ -0,0 +1,38 @@ + +## China macro indicators + +Figure 45: Composite, manufacturing and services PMI + + + +Source: Bloomberg Finance L.P. + +Figure 46: M1 money supply vs. iron ore | YoY + + + +Source: Bloomberg Finance L.P. + +Figure 47: Residential prices vs. iron ore | YoY + + + +Source: Bloomberg Finance L.P. + +Figure 48: Fixed asset investments | YoY + + + +Source: Bloomberg Finance L.P. + +Figure 49: Residential housing activity indicators | Cumulative YoY + + + +Source: Bloomberg Finance L.P. + +Figure 50: Consumer confidence, satisfaction and expectations + + + +Source: Bloomberg Finance L.P. diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00053.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00053.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..260f0c1cdbd9daa2209259185c5b0f05076c22e3 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00053.md @@ -0,0 +1,105 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
经营活动现金流出小计2234.282953.243091.103149.313522.64
经营活动产生的现金流量净额295.57350.92346.58579.03605.12
投资活动现金流入小计1470.131278.011029.541222.031179.36
投资支付的现金1766.211053.471081.491469.981979.86
投资活动现金流出小计1823.231142.021164.631534.232058.38
投资活动产生的现金流量净额-353.11136.00-135.10-312.20-879.02
吸收投资收到的现金26.5715.5113.4823.58346.96
取得借款收到的现金180.71160.34464.76338.89378.00
筹资活动现金流入小计547.49211.45547.393711.12726.77
筹资活动现金流出小计555.06523.50655.94550.22499.79
筹资活动产生的现金流量净额-7.56-312.05-108.55-179.10226.98
现金及现金等价物净增加额-68.93170.02105.8287.55-47.69
期末现金及现金等价物余额235.49405.50511.32598.87551.19
+ +## 3.3.1 经营活动现金流量净额分析 + +经营活动现金流量净额呈现稳步增长趋势,从2020年的295.57亿元增长到2024年的605.12亿元。这反映出公司经营活动产生的现金流入持续超过现金流出,且差额逐年扩大。这主要得益于公司营业收入的增长、成本控制的有效实施以及客户信用的良好管理。虽然经营活动中现金流出也在增加,但增长幅度较小,导致经营活动现金流量净额持续增长。这可能表明美的在经营管理方面效率逐步提升,能够更好地产生现金流。 + +## 3.3.2 投资活动现金流量净额分析 + +美的在投资活动中,投资支出逐年增加,尤其是2024年的投资对现金大幅增长(从2023年的1469.98增至1979.86),导致投资活动现金流出大幅增加。投资活动现金流入虽然有一定波动,但未能弥补投资活动现金流出的增加,因此投资活动现金流量净额呈现较大的负值。这种现金流出增加可能反映了美的加大了对固定资产的投资,或进行了一些大规模的并购活动,或者资金用于扩大产能。 + +## 3.3.2 筹资活动现金流量净额分析 + +筹资活动现金流出小计逐年波动,但保持在相对较高的水平,尤其是2022 + diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00054.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00054.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..abf0ab36e9c8247c91a32db071496e68460f861c --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00054.md @@ -0,0 +1,52 @@ + + +## 4.3.6 小结 + +美的集团 21-24 年存货周转率、应收账款周转率、流动资产周转率、固定资产周转率和总资产周转率均呈现连续下降的态势,说明美的集团近几年企业的资产营运能力有所下降。存货周转率下降,表明库存管理压力增大,可能是由于市场需求波动或供应链调整。应收账款周转率下降,反映出客户回款速度变慢,可能与信用销售策略或市场环境变化有关。固定资产周转率下降,说明公司在加大长期投资,如智能制造、数字化工厂等,短期内影响资产利用率,但有助于长期竞争力提升。流动资产周转率下降,表明公司在短期资产管理上面临一定挑战,可能需要优化资金使用效率。总资产周转率下降,说明公司在扩张过程中,盈利能力未能完全匹配资产增长,需要进一步提升资产运营效率。 + +## 4.4 发展能力分析 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
发展能力指标2020 年2021 年2022 年2023 年2024 年
营业收入增长率2.16%20.06%0.79%8.18%9.44%
营业利润增长率6.10%5.68%4.45%15.98%15.07%
净利润增长率8.82%5.419%2.74%13.20%14.85%
总资产增长率19.35%7.65%8.92%15.02%24.34%
净资产增长率15.57%8.52%12.68%14.73%30.62%
+ diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00055.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00055.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..2bd2c9cc4c2a0f3b1c56c213a0b2976b107aa903 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00055.md @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ + + + + +## 4.4.1 营业收入增长率 + +美的近五年的营业收入增长率波动较大,由20年的2.16%突然增长至21年的20.06%,22年又下降至0.79%。2021年大幅增长,全球经济复苏,消费需求回暖,同时公司在智能家居、工业自动化等领域扩张带动收入增长。2022年增长趋缓,全球供应链紧张、原材料成本上涨及市场竞争加剧影响销售增长。2023-2024年回升,这与公司优化产品结构,加大智能家居、高端家电、工业自动化等业务布局相关,带动收入增长。 + diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00056.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00056.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..98bef767afffb80ab135172146321619b2894133 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00056.md @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +## 5.5 总资产报酬率下降,资产收益能力减弱 + +2020-2024 年美的集团的总资产报酬率总体呈现下降趋势,这与资产利用效率下降相关。近几年来美的集团的应收账款、存货等各类资产周转速率逐渐下降,这表明公司在资产管理和运营效率方面可能存在问题,导致资产收益能力减弱。另一方面,美的资产扩张速度大于营业收入增长速度,从而导致 ROA 下降。 + +## 6.杜邦分析 + + + +美的集团公司杜邦财务分析图(金额单位:亿元) + +总资产净利率下降是销售净利率和总资产周转率综合作用的结果,2024年美的集团的销售净利率上升但总资产周转率由0.82降低至0.75次,虽然美的的销售净利率由9.07%增长至9.51%,但总资产周转率下降的影响对总资产净利率影响更大,从而使得美的集团2024年总资产净利率下降。根据其销售净利率和总资产周转率对比,结合前面美的集团的盈利能力和营运能力展开分析;从数据来看,美的并非单纯依赖“高周转”换取盈利,而是更注重提高盈利能力,同时保持合理的资产周转率,形成利润与效率的平衡。不像零售业(如拼多多)那样极端依赖“低利润高周转”,美的在保证适度周转的同时,提高产品利润率。也不像高端奢侈品牌(如苹果)那样完全依赖“高利润低周转”,而是通过智能制造、供应链优化,保持了适度的资产周转效率。因此,美的并不完全采用“低盈利高周转”策略,而是更偏向“适度盈利、合理周转”模式,并通过优化盈利结构和资产管理,提高整体财务表现。 + diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00057.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00057.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..a655ba542d3815568080c137000410de02520af1 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00057.md @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +2024 年美的集团的权益乘数下降,即公司资产负债率降低,公司对债务的依赖程度减少,风险也相应降低。24 年的权益乘数为 2.71,所有者权益平均额占总资产平均额的 36.86%,负债平均额占总资产平均额的比例为 63.14%,从经营和财务数据来看,美的采取的是“低经营风险,中等财务杠杆”的策略,而非“低经营风险,高财务杠杆”。经营风险较低,销售净利率上升,盈利稳定。财务杠杆处于适中水平,权益乘数有所下降,杠杆率并未过高。而在所有者权益中,企业留存收益占比较高,盈余公积和未分配利润占比高达 72.16%,说明美的的利润盈余能力较强,主要依靠其经营业务活动来实现盈利和资本的积累,企业融资方式以内源融资为主,面临的风险小但也一定程度上增加了资本成本。 + +## 7.对策建议 + +## 7.1 优化成本控制,提高盈利能力 + +针对营业成本偏高的问题,美的集团应进一步加强成本控制,通过优化供应链管理、提高生产效率、降低人工成本等措施来降低营业成本。同时,公司还应关注产品质量和售后服务,提高客户满意度,以增加营业收入和市场份额。 + +## 7.2 增加研发投入,提升创新能力 + +为了增强创新能力,美的集团应加大研发投入,提高研发占比。公司可以通过设立专项研发基金、与高校和研究机构合作、引进优秀人才等方式来加强研发实力。同时,还应关注市场需求和技术趋势,积极开展新技术、新产品的研究和开发。 + +## 7.3 稳定短期偿债能力指标,降低偿债风险 + +针对流动比率和速动比率波动较大的问题,美的集团应关注现金流量的稳定性和负债结构的合理性。企业可以通过优化现金流管理、合理安排负债结构、提高短期偿债能力等措施来降低偿债风险。同时,还应加强与金融机构的合作,确 + diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00058.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00058.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..e9dbe62e36790f1e7c9616597fa36966c0c5e9b3 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00058.md @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ + + +## 江苏林洋电子股份有限公司 + +(江苏省启东经济开发区林洋路666号) + +## 首次公开发行股票 + +## 招股说明书 + +保荐人(主承销商): + + + +(广州市天河区天河北路 183-187 号大都会广场 43 楼) + diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00059.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00059.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..65d89bfe273eadec6a65f208b7b71a243431bbab --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00059.md @@ -0,0 +1,34 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
发行股票类型人民币普通股(A 股)本次拟发行股数不超过7 , 500 万股
每股面值1.00 元每股发行价格18.00 元
预计发行日期2011 年8 月8 日拟上市的证券交易所上海证券交易所
发行后总股本不超过29,000 万股
本次发行前股东所持股份的流通限制、股东对所持股份自愿锁定的承诺华虹电子、华强投资承诺:自公司股票上市之日起36 个月内,不转让或者委托他人管理其持有的公司股份,也不由公司回购其持有的公司股份。
陆永华先生、毛彩虹女士、胡生先生等3 人承诺:自公司股票上市之日起36 个月内,不转让或者委托他人管理其间接持有的公司股份,也不由公司回购其间接持有的公司股份:虞海娟女士、徐斌先生等2 人承诺:自公司股票上市之日起12 个月内,不转让或者委托他人管理其持有的公司股份,也不由公司回购其持有的公司股份。
陆永华先生、胡生先生、虞海娟女士、徐斌先生等4 人承诺:在担任董事或高级管理人员的期间,每年转让的股份不超过其持有公司股份数的25 %;在离职后6 个月内,不转让其持有的公司股份;在申报离职6 个月后的12 个月内,转让的公司股份不超过其持有公司股份总数的50 %。
广发信德承诺:自公司股票上市之日起12 个月内,不转让或者委托他人管理其持有的公司股份,也不由公司回购其持有的公司股份:自增资公司之日(2010 年6 月11 日)起36 个月内不转让或者委托他人管理其持有的公司股份,也不由公司回购其持有的公司股份。
保荐人(主承销商)广发证券股份有限公司
招股说明书签署日期2011 年4 月11 日
diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00060.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00060.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..c7ecdd391cf1e1c4f99d64b400ffa11267b0c55f --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00060.md @@ -0,0 +1,36 @@ +## 1、设立林洋有限(1995年11月,注册资本50万美元) + +1995 年 10 月 29 日,香港棋港与启东计算机厂签订《苏港合资经营南通林洋电子有限公司合同》。上述合资合同分别经启东市对外经济贸易委员会《关于同意南通林洋电子有限公司合同、章程和董事会组成人员的批复》(启外经贸资字$1995$152号)及省政府《中华人民共和国外商投资企业批准证书》(外经贸苏府资字$1995$24643号)予以批准。1995 年 11 月 6 日,林洋有限取得《企业法人营业执照》(工商企合苏通字第 002228 号),注册资本 50 万美元。 + +1995年12月15日,江苏启东会计师事务所出具《验资报告》(苏启会外$1995$64号):截止1995年12月15日,林洋有限注册资本50万美元均足额到位,各股东均以货币资金出资。 + +林洋有限设立时的股权结构如下: + +单位:万美元 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
序号股东名称出资额股权比例
1香港棋港30.0060.00%
2启东计算机厂20.0040.00%
合计50.00100%
+ +## 2、第一次股权转让(1998年5月,注册资本50万美元) + +1997 年 3 月 31 日,启东计算机厂与长通电脑签订《股权转让协议书》,约定启东计算机厂将持有的林洋有限 40% 股权转让给长通电脑,但当时未办理工商变更登记手续。1998 年 3 月 25 日,经林洋有限董事会决议通过:启东计算机厂将其持有的林洋有限 40% 股权转让给长通电脑;长通电脑将其持有的林洋有限 32% 股权转让给华虹电子。同日,各股东签署《股权转让协议》。上述股权转让分别经启东市对外经济贸易局《关于同意南通林洋电子有限公司部分股份转让、董事会成员调整及修改合同、章程部分条款的批复》(启外经贸[1998]39 号)及省政府《中华人民共和国台港澳侨投资企业批准证书》(外经贸苏府资字[1995]24643 号)予以批准。 + +1998年5月13日,林洋有限办理了相应的工商变更登记手续并领取核发的《企业法人营业执照》(工商企合苏通字第002228号)。 diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00061.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00061.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..26b4a14d8feebadb2db726bcc36178c1e468f23d --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00061.md @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ + + +## 上海大智慧股份有限公司 + +Shanghai Great Wisdom Co., Ltd. + +(上海市浦东新区峨山路91弄20号陆家嘴软件园9号楼南塔9楼) + +## 首次公开发行股票招股说明书 + +保荐机构(主承销商) + + + +(重庆市渝中区临江支路2号合景国际大厦A幢) + diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00062.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00062.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..50466bea13ffea2948a9a791b85266256c14aad5 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00062.md @@ -0,0 +1,27 @@ +## 发行概况 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
发行股票类型人民币普通股(A 股)
发行股数11,000 万股
每股面值人民币1 元
每股发行价格23.20 元
发行日期2011 年1 月20 日
拟上市的证券交易所上海证券交易所
发行后总股本69,500 万股
本次发行前股东所持股份的流通限制、股东对所持股份自愿锁定的承诺公司控股股东、实际控制人张长虹先生承诺:
自公司股票上市之日起三十六个月内,不转让或者委托他人管理其直接或者间接持有的发行人公开发行股票前已发行的股份,也不由发行人回购其直接或者间接持有的发行人公开发行股票前已发行的股份。
公司股东张婷女士、张志宏先生承诺:
自公司股票上市之日起三十六个月内,不转让或者委托他人管理其直接或者间接持有的发行人公开发行股票前已发行的股份,也不由发行人回购其直接或者间接持有的发行人公开发行股票前已发行的股份。
公司股东沈宇先生等36 名自然人承诺:
自公司股票上市之日起十二个月内,不转让其所持有的公司股份。
公司股东新湖中宝、苏州金沙江承诺:
自公司股票上市之日起十二个月内,不转让其所持有的公司股份。
diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00063.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00063.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..b412d91010ee59aaeb335cb593953d30b0adf2bd --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00063.md @@ -0,0 +1,167 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
40林辉300.0998
41张丁辉300.0998
42陈静300.0998
43张友良300.0998
44陈华英300.0998
45黄欢君300.0998
46金伟300.0998
47曹剑民300.0998
总计30066100.00
+ +## 9、2010年7月,王宇凌之股份所有权由王一丁继承 + +本公司股东王宇凌先生因病于2010年4月23日去世,根据王宇凌生前与其配偶郑冬玲、儿子王一丁签署的《关于财产继承人的协议》,其所持本公司6.9288%股份所有权由其儿子王一丁继承。本次股东变更事宜已经本公司2010年第二次临时股东大会通过并相应修改了公司章程,2010年7月完成工商变更备案手续。此次股东变更后的股东结构为: + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
序号股东名称所持股份(万元)比例(%)
1浙江广天日月集团股份有限公司19052.863.3699
2华茂集团股份有限公司10003.326
3宁波环球宇斯浦投资控股集团有限公司10003.326
4浙江恒河实业集团有限公司10003.326
5王一丁2083.26.9288
6何明德10003.326
7鲍林春5001.663
8乌家瑜3000.9978
9潘信强3000.9978
10徐文卫3000.9978
11翁海勇3000.9978
12陈建国3000.9978
13陈贤华2000.6652
14郁武铮2000.6652
15戴兵2000.6652
16胡茂璋2000.6652
17赵文良1500.4989
18范尧根1500.4989
19卢祥康1500.4989
20郝强1000.3326
21陈宝康1000.3326
22王浩光1000.3326
diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00064.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00064.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..c63cb50a43a99ad2f1799b8e15eb67dcbc4c3e5d --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00064.md @@ -0,0 +1,47 @@ +## 3、各职能部门的职责 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
部门主要职能
1办公室(下设档案馆)各类文件的起草、收发、审核:公司各类证书、印信、档案的管理使用:组织安排公司各种会议和重要活动,做好对外联络和行政办公事务的处理:掌握、协调、督促和及时反馈各单位、各部门执行董事会决议和经营班子决定的情况及进程:负责企业资质、工商注册、各类申报评审以及企业形象宣传工作:承担领导交办的其他事务及有关后勤工作。
2经营预算处组织参加工程投标、合同洽谈,协助分公司开展经营活动及重大工程的预结算编制和审核:负责工程分包的归口管理:协调处理与业务单位的公共关系:审核公司的有关法律文书和工程合同,协调、解决公司的经济纠纷。
3工程管理处抓好企业生产、安全、质量及施工现场综合管理,组织开展公司安全生产、环境保护和文明施工的定期检查、平时巡查和各类相关培训,制订并实施创优创标化工作计划:根据合同协调施工进度,做好工程的开工、竣工验收(预验)审批,及时、准确地编制填报国家、上级部门和公司的各类统计报表。
4财务处(下设结算中心)建立系统科学的财务管理制度:负责企业资金调度和成本核算:负责财务预决算报告及年终汇算清交工作:加强公司税务工作管理;拓宽融资渠道、降低融资成本。
5人力资源处建立系统科学的人力资源管理制度,负责公司的人力资源管理;组织开展员工培训和各类人员资质职称的鉴定、考核工作:负责劳务分包的归口管理:做好员工养老、医疗、失业基金、公积金、工龄核定及离退休人员、工伤等管理工作。
6总工办(下设技术中心)建立系统科学的技术管理制度,全面履行QES 管理体系相关职能的贯彻、实施、督查工作:负责公司技术管理工作,编写公司技术应用管理文件,审核工程项目施工组织设计和各类专项施工方案,组织人员进行技术攻关,开展标准和工法编制、专利开发及技术产业化等工作。做好技术中心建设和企业信息化平台建设。
7审计处对公司及下属单位的工程项目招标投资、施工、设备材料采购和预算结算等情况,财务收支和资产、负债和损益状况审计监督检查,根据需要调查公司内部重大经济往来活动费用的真实性、合法性。对公司行政领导年度经济责任履行情况和单位正职离任进行审计等。
8证券与投资处做好与证券管理部门、中介机构、公司股东的联络工作:筹办股东大会、董事会和监事会会议:做好公司信息的披露工作:做好公司投资项目的信息搜集、可行性分析、执行、进展跟踪等工作;保管公司股东名册、董事和董事会秘书名册、股东持股资料等:负责公司上市申报的具体事务。
9物资经营管理处负责物资采购管理工作,包括对物资供方的能力评价、质量跟踪和采购物资的验证等工作:做好产品库房贮存期间的防护管理。
10设备管理处负责公司大型施工设备的采购、验收、使用、管理、维护和保养;对子
diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00065.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00065.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..acb48138f6be019fddc266d1aacfc83ab43eb3a6 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00065.md @@ -0,0 +1,45 @@ + + + + + + + + + + +
稀释每股收益(元)0.470.540.35
加权平均净资产收益率(扣除非经常性损益)
(%)
18.0325.2817.43
+ +注:上述财务指标,若无特别说明,均以合并口径计算,计算各期每股指标时股数均取最近一期末股份公司股本数(24,000万股)。 + +## 四、本次发行情况 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
股票种类人民币普通股(A 股)
每股面值1.00 元
发行股数8,000 万股
发行股数占发行后总股本比例25.00%
发行方式采用网下向询价对象询价配售和网上资金申购定价发行相结合的方式
发行对象符合资格的询价对象和在上海证券交易所开户的境内自然人、法人等投资者(国家法律、法规禁止购买者除外)
承销方式承销团余额包销
+ +## 五、募集资金主要用途 + +公司本次拟向社会公众公开发行人民币普通股(A 股)8,000 万股,占发行后总股本的 25.00%,实际募集资金扣除发行费用后的净额为 82,772.98 万元,全部用于“重型石化装备及空冷设备研发制造项目”,该项目拟投资 139,000 万元。若本次发行募集资金净额少于该项目所需资金,资金缺口将以自有资金或金融机构贷款解决。若本次发行募集资金净额超过该项目投资总额,公司将依次安排募集资金用于:1、在建项目及新项目;2、偿还银行贷款;3、补充公司流动资金。 + +关于募集资金项目的具体情况详见本招股说明书“第十三节 募集资金运用”的相关内容。 + diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00066.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00066.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..1c2891e6cac251d1c34f8c967fd83b14e72fdbce --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00066.md @@ -0,0 +1,27 @@ +A、构成情况 + +货币资金的构成主要包括库存现金、银行存款和其他货币资金。截至2010年6月30日,公司库存现金5.71万元,银行存款13.66万元,其他货币资金5,271.00万元。其他货币资金中,包括银行承兑汇票保证金4,991.00万元和银行保函保证金280.00万元。 + +B、变动情况 + +近三年及一期末,货币资金占流动资产的比例分别为 15.47%、26.81%、35.70%、33.49%,占比逐年提高。 + +2008 年末货币资金较 2007 年末增长 3,918.57 万元,增幅为 89.71%;2009 年末较 2008 年末增加 8,278.64 万元,增幅为 99.90%;2010 年 6 月 30 日较 2009 年末增加 2,367.96 万元,增幅为 14.29%。 + +公司货币资金近三年及一期末持续增长,主要原因为本公司主营业务经营情况良好,销售回款稳定,经营活动产生的现金流量净额持续增长。此外,2010年3月,公司通过增资引进投资者国投基金导致期末现金增加3,488.00万元。 + +(2) 存货 + +A、构成情况 + +截至2010年6月30日,公司存货的构成情况如下表所示: + +单位:万元 + +
项目2010 年6 月30 日
账面余额跌价准备账面净额比例
原材料2,434.15-2,434.1516.08%
包装物27.01-27.010.18%
低值易耗品0-00
委托加工物资195.55-195.551.29%
半成品555.82-555.823.67%
产成品11,435.1984.2611,350.9474.98%
库存商品575.05-575.053.80%
合计15,222.7784.2615,138.52100.00%
+ +(注:产成品主要为车灯产品,库存商品主要为待售汽车) + +公司存货以产成品和原材料为主,截至2010年6月30日,公司产成品和原材料占存货的比重分别为74.98%和16.08%,金额分别为11,350.94万元和2,434.15万元。 + +报告期各期末,公司产成品账面价值占存货的比重为77.32%,66.85%,80.60%,74.98%。各期末产成品构成情况具体如下: diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00067.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00067.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..72887400374606889204e2a7d6c479587c4e1a72 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00067.md @@ -0,0 +1,27 @@ +项目协办人:马晓宇 +联系人:张杰、曾远辉、李强 +电话:010-59312939、010-59312957 +传真:010-59312908 + +(三)分销商:平安证券有限责任公司 +负责人:杨宇翔 +电话:010-59734984 +联系人:杨媛 + +(四)发行人法律顾问:北京市君合律师事务所 +地址:北京市建国门北大街8号华润大厦20层 +负责人:肖微 +电话:010-85191300 +传真:010-85191350 +签字律师:张涛、张建伟 + +(五)财务审计机构:江苏天衡会计师事务所有限公司 +地址:南京市正洪街18号东宇大厦8楼 +法定代表人:余瑞玉 +电话:025-84711188 +传真:025-84716883 +经办会计师:梁锋、杨林 + +(六)拟上市证券交易所 上海证交交易所 +地址:上海市浦东南路52号证券大厦 +法定代表人:张育军 \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00068.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00068.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..0f22a05b5f8b9fbfa5a757ebf981846ff7add0a1 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00068.md @@ -0,0 +1,58 @@ +## 2000-2008年中国民用汽车保有量 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
年份汽车保有量(万辆)同比增长率(%)
20001,608.9213.48
20011,802.0512.00
20022,053.1913.94
20032,382.9316.06
20042,693.7113.04
20053,159.6917.30
20063,697.3617.02
20074,358.3617.88
20085,099.6117.01
+ +(资料来源:国家统计局) + +汽车按大类分为乘用车和商用车。乘用车产量增长主要是由于国内居民可支配收入持续增加,居民的购车需求不断释放,居民人均汽车保有量持续快速上升。商用车产量增长主要受益于中国经济高速增长、公路网络建设持续完善、城市公共交通建设水平显著提高、人员流动明显增加以及旅游业蓬勃发展等因素。 + +(2) 市场供应状况 + +汽车灯具行业为汽车零部件行业的子行业,为汽车整车制造(“新车配套”)和维修改装两大市场提供零部件。由于汽车整车制造企业对零部件供应商制定了严格的准入门槛,对其具体车型的配套零部件供应商需在其确认的合格供应商名单中通过招投标方式选择,因此汽车灯具行业中供应整车配套车灯的供应商一般采用“以销定产”的方式,总体上供应量增长与需求量增长相匹配。维修改装市场中,一部分为由汽车整车制造企业通过经销商直接提供零部件,另一部分为未经授权的汽车维修企业。未经授权的汽车维修企业所采用的零部件一般并非原厂件,但价格较低,抢占了部分原厂件的市场份额。但随着私人购车数量的上升,预期未来未经授权的汽车维修企业的市场份额将会下降。 + +## 5、行业利润水平的变动趋势及变动原因 + +汽车灯具行业归属于汽车零部件行业。近年来,汽车零部件行业的收入、利润规模呈快速上升趋势,这主要是因为汽车的产量、保有量不断增长导致汽车零部件的需求相应上升。 + +汽车零部件行业的利润率主要取决于与下游整车制造企业和上游原材料供应企业议价的能力。从上市公司层面分析,汽车零部件行业的利润率自2000年 + diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00069.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00069.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..ea1db9f2c38f07f488f44d688601214300034500 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00069.md @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +以来略有下降,2009年有所上升,毛利率基本维持在20%左右。 + + + +(资料来源:国家统计局) + +(注:由于国家统计局披露口径原因,上图数据为当年1-11月的累计数据。) + + + +(资料来源: Wind 资讯) + +## (四)影响我国汽车灯具行业发展的有利和不利因素 + +## 1、有利因素 + +## (1) 汽车灯具行业的发展受到国家政策的支持 + +2004 年颁布并生效的《汽车产业发展政策》确定了汽车零部件及相关产业的发展方向。《汽车产业发展政策》明确指出:“汽车零部件企业要适应国际产业发展趋势,积极参与主机厂的产品开发工作。在关键汽车零部件领域要逐步形成系统开发能力,在一般汽车零部件领域要形成先进的产品开发和制造能力,满足国内外市场的需求,努力进入国际汽车零部件采购体系。”同时,《汽车产业发展政策》也明确了对汽车零部件行业的管理方式和支持措施,主要包括:“制定零部件专项发展规划,对汽车零部件产品进行分类指导和支持,引导社会资金投向汽车零部件生产领域,使具有比较优势的零部件企业形成专业化、大批量生产和模块化供货能力。对极多个有独立的汽车整车生产企业配套和进入国际汽车零部件采购体系的零部件生产企业,国家在技术引进、技术改造、融资以及兼并重组等方面予以优先扶持。汽车整车生产企业应逐步采用电子商务、网上采购等方式面向社会采购零部件。” + +国务院颁布的《中国汽车工业“十一五”发展规划》明确提出要全面提升零部件产业竞争力。国家旨在通过对零部件产业进行分类引导,鼓励支持企业整合相关零部件资源,形成集团化发展规模,鼓励零部件企业积极参与整车企业的产 + diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00070.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00070.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..265ccf3787bbcd2d3dc532c755e6fe1c4dfd9c25 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00070.md @@ -0,0 +1,80 @@ +## 国内主要汽车灯具制造企业情况 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
企业名称投资方主要客户2008 年主营业务收入(亿元)
上海小糸车灯有限公司中日合资上海大众、上海通用、一汽大众28.59
广州斯坦雷电气有限公司中日合资广汽本田、东风本田12.44
长春海拉车灯有限公司德资一汽大众、哈飞汽车、华晨宝马9.64
湖北法雷奥车灯有限公司法资神龙汽车、东风日产、一汽大众一4.96
常州星宇车灯股份有限公司内资奇瑞汽车、汽大众、上海大众、一汽丰田4.52
江苏彤明车灯有限公司中英合资一汽轿车、东风日产、华晨汽车4.17
江苏文光车辆附件有限公司内资宇通客车、金龙客车、福田汽车3.18
三立(烟台)车灯有限公司韩资上海通用1.4
江苏常诚汽车部件有限公司中美合资奇瑞汽车、东风日产、一汽轿车1.35
山东鲁得贝车灯股份有限公司内资中国重汽、哈飞汽车1.32
湖北孝感华中车灯有限公司内资长安汽车1.16
南宁燎旺车灯有限责任公司内资东风柳州汽车、上汽通用五菱1.02
吉林东光瑞宝车灯有限责任公司内资一汽夏利、一汽解放、一汽吉林0.79
+ +(资料来源:中国汽车工业年鉴(2009年版)、各公司网站) + +(注:广汽本田指广汽本田汽车有限公司;东风本田指东风本田汽车(武汉)有限公司;华晨宝马指华晨宝马汽车有限公司;华晨汽车指华晨中国汽车控股有限公司;宇通客车指郑州宇通客车股份有限公司;金龙客车指厦门金龙联合汽车工业有限公司;中国重汽指中国重型汽车集团有限公司;哈飞汽车指中国长安哈尔滨哈飞汽车工业集团有限公司;长安汽车指重庆长安汽车股份有限公司;东风柳州指东风柳州汽车有限公司;上汽通用五菱指上汽通用五菱汽车股份有限公司。) + +根据《中国汽车工业年鉴》资料显示,以2008年主营业务收入计,本公司仅次于上海小糸、广州斯坦雷、长春海拉、湖北法雷奥四家外资企业,是最大的 + diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00071.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00071.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..1f25abe9063c1a23df9b4bcfde17bc3bdb2f72a6 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00071.md @@ -0,0 +1,125 @@ +## (四)主要财务指标 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
项目2010 年度2009 年度2008 年度
流动比率(倍)1.301.331.26
速动比率(倍)0.990.950.85
资产负债率(母公司)(%)62.7761.7270.58
应收账款周转率(次/年)2.602.873.44
存货周转率(次/年)3.923.724.79
息税折旧摊销前利润(万元)41,922.8838,267.2127,938.38
利息保障倍数(倍)22.0122.5814.12
每股经营活动现金流量净额(元)0.570.430.10
每股净现金流量(元)0.680.510.03
无形资产(扣除土地使用权等后)占净资产的比例(%)0.460.590.55
基本每股收益(元/股)0.690.670.48
稀释每股收益(元/股)0.690.670.48
加权平均净资产收益率(%)20.2426.6429.32
+ +## 四、本次发行概况 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
股票种类:人民币普通股(A 股)
发行量:11,000 万股,占发行后总股本19.64%
股票面值:人民币1 . 00 元
发行价格:20.00 元
发行方式:采用网下向询价对象询价配售和网上向社会公众投资者定价发行相结合的方式
发行对象:符合资格的询价对象和在上海证券交易所开户的境内自然人、法人等投资者(国家法律、法规禁止购买者除外)
+ +## 五、募集资金运用 + +本次发行募集资金全部用于公司主营业务,拟用于以下用途: + +单位: 万元 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
项目名称项目投资总额拟投入募集资金额项目核准/备案情况
北京总部基地项目77,499.4054,946.40京顺义发改(备)
[2010]28号
北京总部基地扩建及光伏幕墙项目64,899.2064,899.20京顺义发改(备)
[2010]30号
合计142,398.60119,845.60
+ +若本次实际募集资金小于上述项目投资资金需求,缺口部分由本公司以自筹 diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00072.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00072.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..8e9cf1f6507a7a658bef4d208668e92ec5fef9d5 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00072.md @@ -0,0 +1,54 @@ + +纪初我国已经发展成为幕墙行业世界第一生产大国和使用大国。根据中国建筑金属结构协会的调查统计,我国建筑幕墙的年产量从2001年的1,600万平方米增至2010年的8,300万平方米,共增长了4.19倍,年复合增长率20.07%,发展速度十分迅猛。 + +## 2001—2010 年我国建筑幕墙产量$^{3}$ + +单位:万平方米 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
年份2001200220032004200520062007200820092010
当年产量1600220030364064529857326200670075008300
累积产量10402126021563819702250003073236932436325113259432
+ + + +从幕墙行业年产值分析,2006年幕墙行业年产值约500亿元人民币,2009年幕墙行业年产值为1,445亿元人民币,是2006年的2.89倍$^{4}$,远高于同期建筑业年均增长率。目前,我国幕墙行业骨干企业在研发、设计、生产与施工等技术方面已经接近或达到国外先进技术水平,通过多年来在国内市场上与国外先进企业的同台竞争,我国幕墙企业已经成为国内市场的主导力量,同时一些大型骨干幕墙企业还积极实施“走出去”的战略,主动出击海外市场并且取得重大突破,据不完全统计,全球建筑幕墙工程行业年产值约有500-1,000亿美元,2006-2008年我国15家幕墙企业对外幕墙工程承包总额为475亿元人民币。在全球经济一体化的今天,依托先进的制造优势、原材料集中优势和人力资源成本优势,世界幕墙行业开始向中国等发展中国家集中和转移,我国幕墙行业正面临着难得的发展机遇。 + +我国幕墙行业目前的发展状况和发展趋势呈现出如下特点: + +$^{3}$ 张芹:《我国建筑幕墙的发展》,中国建筑金属结构协会 + +$^{4}$ 2010中国建筑幕墙50强,中国建筑装饰协会幕墙工程委员会 diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00073.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00073.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..1018607676945638c8847d9e78c919b4b1395912 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00073.md @@ -0,0 +1,43 @@ +方正证券的前身系浙江证券,通过一系列的重组,尤其是吸收合并泰阳证券后,通过内涵式增长和外延式扩张并举的方式,公司经纪业务实现了跨越式发展,网点及业务规模走上了一个新的台阶:公司营业网点由2002年的22家发展至目前的87家,位居行业第13位,主要分布在全国16个省(市)40多个城市,逐步形成了“区域集中、辐射全国”的网点分布格局;市场份额从2002年的5.36%增至2010年的17.31%,年均增长达到28.15%。2009年市场份额位列行业第15名。 + +## 2、业务流程 + +本公司经纪业务的基本业务流程如下图所示: + +发行人证券经纪业务的业务流程示意图 + + + +## 3、近三年经营情况 + +(1)报告期内,公司代理买卖证券的情况如下: + +单位:亿元 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
(1)2010年度
证券种类上交所交易量深交所交易量市场交易总量市场份额(‰)
A 股10,534.878,289.73542,359.7417.35
B 股57.6431.402,159.4220.61
基金34.2348.115,427.047.59
diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00074.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00074.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..5a5392e09397a2648123e0ab37b61cfe4d7bf735 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00074.md @@ -0,0 +1,171 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
权证670.6819.0914,966.4923.04
国债0.950.04824.990.60
企业债2.952.421,777.811.51
其他债券6.660.771,373.392.70
合计11,307.978,391.56568,888.8817.31
(2)2009年度
证券种类上交所交易量深交所交易量市场交易总量市场份额(%)
A 股12,148.856,729.61533,157.5017.70
B 股56.9730.72889.5849.29
基金51.8845.837,684.126.36
权证2,671.92176.3453,641.1626.55
国债3.940.171,363.971.51
企债8.284.481,786.953.57
其他债券3.091.09634.903.29
合计14,944.946,988.23599,158.1918.33
(3)2008年度
证券种类上交所交易量深交所交易量市场交易总量市场份额(‰)
A 股6,339.323,123.12265,514.9217.82
B 股38.6315.18513.0752.44
基金61.3651.054,975.0011.30
权证2,900.31557.1668,291.0125.31
国债5.560.191,803.371.59
企业债8.063.561,743.733.33
其他债券7.013.13437.6711.59
合计9,360.253,753.39343,278.7819.10
+ +注:上表数据系同一控制下吸收合并原泰阳证券的合并交易数据。 + +(2)报告期内,公司还从事代理债券的还本付息服务,各期的代理已兑付债券金额情况如下: + +单位:万元 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
债券种类2010 年度2009 年度2008 年度
国债254.23264.09316.03
企业债139.53139.53163.36
其他债券75.1075.102.47
diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00075.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00075.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..75129240b9132dad9f1e773c4d98b43a4235485f --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00075.md @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ + + +## 3、自营业务的决策机制 + +本公司证券自营业务实行董事会、证券投资决策委员会、证券投资部三级管理体制;本公司法律合规和风险管理部、稽核审计部、财务管理部等其它部门对证券自营业务进行合规管理和风险控制。 diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00076.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00076.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..1e6f228f400604551c0c59be5babeb22c9ce8b27 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00076.md @@ -0,0 +1,94 @@ +## 第十一节 财务会计信息 + +天健会计师事务所有限公司受本公司委托,依据中国注册会计师审计准则,对本公司2010年12月31日、2009年12月31日、2008年12月31日公司及合并的资产负债表,2010年度、2009年度、2008年度公司及合并的利润表、股东权益变动表和现金流量表以及财务报表附注进行了审计,并出具了天健审(2011)2-37号标准无保留意见的审计报告。本节主要提供从经审计的财务报告中摘录的部分信息。 + +## 一、合并及母公司财务报表 + +## (一)合并财务报表 + +## 1、合并资产负债表 + +单位:万元 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
项目2010 年12 月31 日2009 年12 月31 日2008 年12 月31 日
资产
货币资金1,700,913.552,330,630.701,444,001.54
其中:客户资金存放1,176,602.581,713,908.08826,570.78
结算备付金570,483.26323,293.07158,944.08
其中:客户备付金560,660.70244,362.17155,999.37
融出资金393.50--
交易性金融资产239,245.6958,851.364,281.32
应收利息104.8835.45131.56
存出保证金78,385.1170,009.3522,547.26
可供出售金融资产115,605.0428,072.636,792.56
长期股权投资1,952.301,952.302,013.90
投资性房地产14,119.2312,008.0014,377.88
固定资产39,206.9441,775.5041,646.63
无形资产3,890.632,702.041,904.19
其中:交易席位费364.59364.59304.59
+ diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00077.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00077.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..8b0ed63e368e0a532cf98de72d7a3aefc51d6732 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00077.md @@ -0,0 +1,56 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
13浙江省商业集团公司182.280.41%
14浙江省工程咨询公司181.300.40%
15天津市中环投资公司147.000.33%
16浙江省科技风险投资公司147.000.33%
17浙江省手工业合作社联合社111.720.24%
18杭州市信托投资公司107.800.23%
19浙江新安化工集团股份有限公司73.500.16%
合计45,000.00100.00%
+ +## 5、2003年浙江证券进行增资并更名为方正有限 + +2003 年 3 月,经浙江证券第十八次临时股东会审议通过并经中国证监会“证监机构字[2003]80号”《关于同意浙江证券有限责任公司增资扩股的批复》同意,利德科技以1:1的比例对浙江证券增资6,300万元,浙江证券注册资本由45,000万元增至51,300万元。2003年4月1日,浙江天健会计师事务所有限责任公司出具了“浙天会验[2003]第29号”《验资报告》,对利德科技的出资情况进行了审验。2003年4月22日,浙江证券就上述增资事宜办理完成工商变更登记手续。 + +2003 年 4 月,经中国证监会机构监管部出具“机构部部函[2003]248 号”《关于浙江证券有限责任公司更名有关材料备案的回函》同意,浙江证券名称变更为“方正证券有限责任公司”。2003 年 8 月 13 日,浙江证券就上述变更名称事宜办理完成了工商变更登记手续。 + +## 6、2006年方正有限进行第一次股权转让和增资 + +2004 年 2 月,经正有限 2003 年第二次临时股东会审议通过,同意浙江省纺织品进出口集团有限公司、浙江省工程咨询有限公司、浙江省科技风险投资有限公司将其所持正有限的股权转让给招润投资。具体转让情况如下: + +
转让方受让方转让出资额
(万元)
批准文件
浙江省纺织品进出口集团有限公司招润投资600.25-
浙江省工程咨询有限公司招润投资181.30
浙江省科技风险投资有限公司招润投资147.00
+ +2006 年 3 月 13 日,方正有限办理了相应的工商变更登记手续。 + diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00078.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00078.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..a5ce9dddc29e26c62ec600aabe3cae41a5f4a51e --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00078.md @@ -0,0 +1,53 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
发行前每股净资产:4 . 03 元(按2010 年12 月31 日经审计的合并财务报表归属于母公司股东权益除以本次发行前总股本计
算)
发行后每股净资产:【9 . 22 】元(按本次发行后净资产除以本次发行后总股本计算,其中,本次发行后的净资产为2010 年12 月31 日经审计的合并财务报表归属于母公司股东权益和本次发行募集资金净额之和)
发行市净率:【2 . 81 】倍(按发行后每股净资产计算)
发行方式:采取网下向询价对象定价配售与网上向社会公众投资者定价发行相结合的方式发行
发行对象:符合资格的询价对象和在深圳证券交易所开户的境内自然人、法人等投资者(国家、法规禁止购买者除外)或中国证监会规定的其他对象。
承销方式:余额包销方式
预计募集资金总额:【59,524】万元
预计募集资金净额:【55,912.5】万元
发行费用概算:
(1 )承销费用:【2,142.9】万元
(2 )保荐费用:【800】万元
(3 )审计费用:【201.5】万元
(4 )律师费用:【70】万元
(5 )发行手续、路演推介及信息披露费用等:【385.1】万元
(6 )验资费用:【12】万元
+ +## 三、本次发行的有关当事人 + +1、保荐人(主承销商):东海证券有限责任公司 + +法定代表人: 朱科敏 + diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00079.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00079.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..4d8d31b32ab906c6ac16e681c7de1edd3d4bdf6a --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00079.md @@ -0,0 +1,43 @@ +住所:江苏省常州市延陵西路23号投资广场18、19号楼 + +电话:021-50586660 + +传真:021-50817925 + +保荐代表人:王育贵、魏庆泉 + +项目协办人:过震 + +项目组其他成员:周滨、李思宇、葛斌、龚倍颖 + +2、律师事务所 江苏世纪同仁律师事务所 + +负责人:王凡 + +住所:江苏省南京市北京西路26号4-5楼 + +电话:025-83302638 + +传真:025-83329335 + +签字执业律师:许成宝、杨亮 + +3、会计师事务所 上海上会会计师事务所 + +法定代表人:刘小虎 + +住所:上海市威海路755号文新报业大厦20楼 + +电话:021-52921592 + +传真:021-52921369 + +签字注册会计师:欧阳丹、张俊峰 + +4、资产评估事务所 江苏华辰资产评估有限公司(原江苏天衡资产评估有限公司) + +法定代表人:纪学春 + +住所:南京市正洪街18号东宇大厦10楼CB1座 + +电话:025-84711605 \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00080.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00080.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..2978ef4258572d89371658455aca834c8a1b0aee --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00080.md @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +创业板投资风险提示:本次股票发行后拟在创业板市场上市,该市场具有较高的投资风险。创业板公司具有业绩不稳定、经营风险高、退市风险大等特点,投资者面临较大的市场风险。投资者应充分了解创业板市场的投资风险及本公司所披露的风险因素,审慎作出投资决定。 + +广东大华农动物保健品股份有限公司 +Guangdong Dahuanong Animal Health Products Co., Ltd +广东省新兴县新城镇东堤北路温氏科技园2号之三 + + + +## 首次公开发行股票并在创业板上市 +## 招股说明书 + +保荐人(主承销商) + + + +深圳市 福田区 益田路 江苏大厦 38-45 楼 + diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00081.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00081.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..5b8c15e7b98f7edbd1f1115b411206bf153befbe --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00081.md @@ -0,0 +1,40 @@ +## 发行人声明 + +发行人及全体董事、监事、高级管理人员承诺招股说明书不存在虚假记载、误导性陈述或重大遗漏,并对其真实性、准确性、完整性承担个别和连带的法律责任。 + +公司负责人和主管会计工作的负责人、会计机构负责人保证本招股说明书中财务会计资料真实、完整。 + +中国证监会、其他政府部门对本次发行所做的任何决定或意见,均不表明其对发行人股票的价值或投资者的收益作出实质性判断或者保证。任何与之相反的声明均属虚假不实陈述。 + +根据《证券法》的规定,股票依法发行后,发行人经营与收益的变化,由发行人自行负责,由此变化引致的投资风险,由投资者自行负责。 + +## 本次发行概况 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
发行股票类型人民币普通股(A 股)发行股数6,700 万股
每股面值1.00 元预计发行日期2011 年2 月25 日
拟上市的证券交易所深圳证券交易所创业板发行后总股本26,700 万股
每股发行价格人民币22 . 00 元,根据向询价对象询价结果确定
股份限制流通及自愿锁定承诺本公司本次发行前的196 位自然人股东承诺:自公司股票在证券交易所上市之日起三十六个月内,不转让或者委托他人管理其本次发行前已持有的发行人股份,也不由发行人回购该部分股份。
担任公司董事、监事、高级管理人员的股东温均生、温鹏程、温志芬、黄松德、温小琼、陈瑞爱、黎沃灿、梁志雄、方炳虎还承诺:除前述锁定期外,在其任职期间每年转让的股份不得超过其所持有本公司股份总数的百分之二十五:离职后半年内,不转让其直接或间接所持有的本公司股份,且离任六个月后的十二个月内出售本公司股份总数占其所直接或间接持有本公司股份总数的比例不超过50 %。
董监高的19 名关联方承诺:其所持股份的锁定期与对应的董监高所持股份的锁定期一致。
承诺期限届满后,上述股份可以上市流通和转让。
保荐人(主承销商)招商证券股份有限公司
招股说明书签署日期2011 年2 月24 日
diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00082.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00082.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..0e9561cac1175b4a58109e5826bce0f51d235ca6 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00082.md @@ -0,0 +1,54 @@ +现非免蛋业务的全面整合 + +2007 年 12 月 30 日,大华农有限与新兴禽蛋签订《资产转让协议》,约定以截至 2007 年 12 月 30 日的账面净资产为定价依据,新兴禽蛋向大华农有限收购纲地非免蛋场、齐河非免蛋场以及龙庆非免蛋场,收购价格合计 1,157.70 万元 + +新兴禽蛋收购非免蛋资产的情况如下: + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
序号收购方被收购方收购资产定价依据收购价格(万元)
1新兴禽蛋大华农有限纲地、齐洞、龙庆非免蛋场账面净资产1,157.70
2新兴禽蛋温氏集团辑罗非免蛋场评估价值729.83
3新兴禽蛋温氏集团SPF 实验动物中心评估价值770.75
4新兴禽蛋温氏南方家禽九龙非免蛋场评估价值982.74
+ +①大华农向新兴禽蛋转让齐洞、纲地及龙庆非免蛋场时未进行资产评估的原因说明 + +公司 2007 年 12 月 30 日向全资子公司新兴禽蛋转让齐润、纲地及龙庆非兔蛋场时未进行资产评估,主要原因是公司向温氏集团收购齐润、纲地时已以 2007 年 10 月 31 日为基准日对上述非兔蛋场进行了资产评估,截止 2007 年 12 月 30 日上述非兔蛋场的资产未发生重大变化,因此未再次进行资产评估;而龙庆非兔蛋场由于尚未完工、涉及金额较小且新兴禽蛋为公司的全资子公司,因此未进行资产评估。 + +②大华农收购齐洞、纲地非免蛋场价格与大华农向新兴禽蛋转让齐洞、纲地及龙庆非免蛋场的交易价格的差异说明 + +2007 年 12 月 30 日,大华农以 1,157.70 万元的价格将纲地、齐洞、龙庆三个非免蛋场转让给子公司新兴禽蛋,定价依据为截至 2007 年 12 月 30 日的账面净资产。上述三个蛋场 2007 年 12 月 30 日的账面净资产明细如下。 + +单位:万元 + +
项目转让价格
齐洞纲地龙庆合计
资产总计373.18766.84198.511,338.52
其中:固定资产239.33514.77-
在建工程-11.2374.13
生产性生物资产91.24154.45-
长期待摊费用--124.34
负债合计79.41100.760.66180.83
其中:应付账款69.0990.38-
其他应付款5.46.770.66
diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00083.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00083.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..06309ebe8cdf172ef3c25dd486c2afc4e41b3c8b --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00083.md @@ -0,0 +1,36 @@ +
应交税费0.110.03-
其他流动负债4.813.58-
账面净资产293.77666.08197.851,157.70
+ +上述转让价格与公司2007年11月20日收购齐润、纲地非免蛋场的交割价格1,050万元的差异为107.70万元。产生价格差异的原因主要在于: + +A、以2007年12月30日账面净资产值959.85万元的价格转让齐润、纲地非免蛋场,与公司收购上述蛋场的价格1.050万元差异-90.15万元,如下表所示。 + +单位:万元 + + +
项目收购价格转让价格齐洞纲地蛋场价格差异
齐洞纲地合计齐洞纲地合计齐洞纲地合计
资产总计367.15682.851,050.00373.18766.841,140.026.0383.9990.02
其中:固定资产243.03512.67755.7239.33514.77754.10-3.72.1-1.60
在建工程2.6235.62-11.2311.23-2.628.235.61
生产性生物资产121.5167.18288.6891.24154.45245.69-30.26-12.74-42.99
长期待摊费用------
负债合计79.41100.76180.8379.41100.76180.83
其中:应付账款69.0990.38159.4769.0990.38159.47
其他应付款5.46.7712.175.46.7712.17
应交税费0.110.030.140.110.030.14
其他流动负债4.813.588.394.813.588.39
账面净资产367.15682.851,050.00293.77666.08959.85-73.38-16.78-90.15
+ +B、2007年12月30日龙庆非免蛋场的账面净资产值197.85万元。 + +上述两项差异合计107.70万元。 + +## 3、整合非免蛋业务的必要性及对公司业务体系完整性的影响 + +(1)收购非免蛋业务的必要性说明 + +①收购前上述非免蛋场与大华农有限之间的关系 + +收购前上述非免蛋场与大华农有限之间的关系如下。 + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
事项收购前双方关系
股权控制方面收购前齐洞、纲地、辑罗非免蛋场及SPF 实验动物中心为温氏集团下属分公司所拥有的非免蛋场,九龙非免蛋场为温氏南方家禽下属的非免蛋场:上述非免蛋场与大华农有限的实际控制人均为温氏家族
经营管理方面上述非免蛋场和大华农有限的高级管理人员任免均由温氏集团控制,核心决策人员一致,均为温氏家族成员,经营决策上统筹安排
经营范围方面非免蛋场主要生产胚蛋,大华农有限生产兽用生物制品、兽用药物制剂等动物保健品。前者生产的胚蛋是大华农有限进行兽用生物制品生产的主要原材料,胚蛋占兽用生物制品生产成本的比重约40 %
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00084.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00084.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..af59467ffadd2e7e9eff766a380ba3ac42eb8ded --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00084.md @@ -0,0 +1,166 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
4杨滁光1,550,000.0010.000%
5陈茂祥899,000.005.800%
6张小平589,000.003.800%
7黄万里542,500.003.500%
8李道鹏372,000.002.400%
9胡东卫333,250.002.150%
10惠坚强310,000.002.000%
11吴双喜286,750.001.850%
12程艳西232,500.001.500%
13胡家俊224,750.001.450%
14刘兵217,000.001.400%
15唐勇217,000.001.400%
16王韶红201,500.001.300%
17贾义松201,500.001.300%
18张珏170,500.001.100%
19徐红军155,000.001.000%
20夏明明155,000.001.000%
21郭化强155,000.001.000%
22王敏浩155,000.001.000%
23倪育新155,000.001.000%
24胡守红155,000.001.000%
25李磊155,000.001.000%
26柏春年155,000.001.000%
27束洪波155,000.001.000%
28王嘉林155,000.001.000%
29张凡124,000.000.800%
30笪丽红124,000.000.800%
31武春余124,000.000.800%
32王燕武124,000.000.800%
33唐涛108,500.000.700%
34金敏108,500.000.700%
35肖刚108,500.000.700%
36谭守臣108,500.000.700%
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00085.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00085.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..481b3426c053904408382baf2f46a070007f5bf4 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00085.md @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +另外,压力容器制造企业还必须按照《锅炉压力容器制造许可条件》的规定建立完善的质量保证体系,设立各质量控制系统责任人员。 + +## 4、市场供求状况及变动原因、行业利润水平的变动趋势及变动原因 + +金属压力容器是一个涉及多行业、多学科的综合性产品,其制造技术涉及到冶金、机械加工、腐蚀与防腐、无损检测、安全防护等众多方面。压力容器广泛应用于化工、石油、机械、动力、冶金、核能、航空、航天、海洋等部门,是上述各行业生产过程中必不可少的核心设备,是一个国家装备制造水平的重要标志。例如,化工生产中的反应装置、换热装置、分离装置的外壳、气液储罐、核动力反堆的压力壳、电厂锅炉系统中的汽包等都是压力容器。 + +随着我国逐渐从制造业大国向制造业强国迈进,我国的装备制造业将不断得到升级和发展,下游的石油、化工、航天航空等行业也将不断发展壮大,压力容器的用途将越来越广,市场需求将进一步增大。 + +从市场供给方面看,目前我国已经成为压力容器生产的大国,最重要的上游产业钢铁业的生产能力也为全球最大。因此,从产能方面分析,供给应当能够满足市场需求。另一方面,由于压力容器的特殊性,多数为生产企业按照客户需求生产,即订单式生产,很少出现产品直接面向终端消费者的情况,因此,市场供给基本是根据市场需求的变化而变化的,出现供求差异主要是由于生产产品的技术工艺非标准化导致的结构性差异。 + + + +如上图所示,根据国家统计局和中国机电数据网的统计,近年来压力容器行业实现的利润总额呈现快速上升的态势,而行业的平均毛利率水平则保持在15%左右。由于压力容器的制造通常是为下游行业企业的成套生产设备或项目做 diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00086.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00086.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..8c7e94474ee9c457c945f6fdca457660e43bd874 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00086.md @@ -0,0 +1,54 @@ +任公司副总经理,2010年10月因个人原因离职。 + +(9)李安志,中国国籍,无永久境外居留权,身份证号码3724011963012****。李安志先生2005年-2008年任职于吴江华衍水务有限公司,担任经理职务;2008年起任职于发行人给排水部。 + +(10)应小㚵,中国国籍,无永久境外居留权,身份证号码3101041954011*****。应小㚵女士2003年-2007年任职于上海美和华房产公司行政部,2008年起任职于发行人财务部。 + +(11)张华根,中国国籍,无永久境外居留权,身份证号码3102291970070*****。张华根先生2004年起任职于公司市场部。 + +(12)王菁,中国国籍,无永久境外居留权,身份证号码3621011976081****,目前担任公司财务总监,其简历请见“第八节 董事、监事、高级管理人员及其他核心人员”之“一、董事、监事、高级管理人员及其他核心人员简历”。 + +(13)刘毅,中国国籍,无永久境外居留权,身份证号码3101061957092*****。刘毅先生2005年任职于上海通讯股份有限公司,担任法律顾问;2006年-2007年,任职于自然美国际事业集团,担任法律顾问;2008年起任职于发行人法务部门。 + +2、新增股东与董事、监事以及高级管理人员的关联情况 + +公司董事王尚政系由诚鼎创投提名,目前其担任诚鼎创投监事,并担任城投控股(600649)财务总监,城投控股持有诚鼎创投41.67%股权。公司董事凌秋剑系由亨通投资提名,目前其担任亨通光电(600487)董事、亨通集团财务总监。亨通集团系亨通光电的控股股东,亨通集团和亨通投资均系由自然人崔根良控制。除上述关联关系之外,公司法人股东的股东、董事、监事、高级管理人员与发行人的股东、董事、监事、高级管理人员之间不存在关联关系。 + +3、取得股份时间、价格和定价依据 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
序号股东名称持股数量
(万)
价格
(万元)
取得时间定价依据
1亨通投资3001,0802010 年
5 月
市值估价
2诚鼎创投2901,044
3宝升科技150540
4硅谷天堂
阳光创业
50180
5南京汇投40144
+ diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00087.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00087.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..6346d14537adf57f2d1c3bd98e4d2516aab4b460 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00087.md @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +城市供水总量 500 亿 m³,是 1949 年的 160 倍,用水普及率达到 94.7%,比 1981 年提高 41 个百分点;用水人口 35,086.7 万人,人均日生活用水量为 178.2 升。我国城市供水行业已经具有一定规模。 + +B、我国市政自来水行业发展前景广阔 + +a、生活用水量增长迅速 + +2000-2010 年,我国生活用水量一直在稳步增长,截至到 2010 年末,生活用水量已达 758.7 亿 $m^{3}$ 。具体如下图: + + + +资料来源:国家统计局 + +根据《中国可持续发展水资源战略研究报告》,随着人口增长、城市化发展和经济发展,到2030年,国民经济需水量将达到7,100亿$m^3$,农村生活需水量达到310亿$m^3$,在充分考虑节水的前提下,到2030年城市工业用水将增加到660亿$m^3$,城市生活用水增加到660亿$m^3$。届时,全国城市用水总量将达到1,320亿$m^3$。对比2010年全国用水总量为5,990亿$m^3$,生活用水总量为758.7亿$m^3$,未来市政自来水行业有着极大的发展空间。 + +b、城市饮用水水源标准提高、自来水厂和供水系统的改造也给自来水行业发展带了极大的机会 + +《水利发展“十一五”规划》指出,城市主要供水水源地水质达标率提高到90%以上;在对城市饮用水水源地安全状况进行全面调查和评价基础上,建立水源地保护管理机制、监测体系和应急预案与机制;实施水源地保护及污染治理工程、城市饮用水水源调配和水源建设等工程,基本解决城市和问题突出的县级城镇集中式饮用水水源地安全保障问题。水源地水质、水量和供水保证率达到相应的规划标准。 + diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00088.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00088.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..ac98a46804fa3e3edb4a8a786bbdb8dd41e8ee06 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00088.md @@ -0,0 +1,46 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
发证机关/授予机关证书名称
受聘技术专家、委员情况
中国认证认可监督管理委员会强制产品认证技术专家组(第三届)专家(低压元器件组和低压成套设备组)
中国国家标准化管理委员会全国低压设备绝缘配合标准化技术委员会委员、全国金属切削机床标准化技术委员会机床电器分技术委员会副主任委员、全国熔断器标准化技术委员会低压熔断器分技术委员会委员、全国熔断器标准化技术委员会委员、全国低压电器标准化技术委员会委员、全国低压电器标准化技术委员会家用断路器和类似设备分技术委员会委员
中国电工技术学会电力系统控制与保护专业委员会委员
中国质量认证中心中国质量认证中心技术委员会工厂检查分委员会委员
江苏省科学技术厅、江苏省科技咨询协会江苏省注册咨询专家
兼职教授
苏州大学兼职教授
苏州科技学院兼职教授
科技奖项
中华人民共和国国务院2001 年、2002 年两次获得国家科学技术进步奖二等奖
中国质量认证中心国家“十五”攻关计划项目“认证认可关键技术研究及示范-消费类产品中有毒有害物质的认证评价技术研究及示范”课题研究突出贡献奖
中国机械工业联合会中国机械工程学会2008 年度获得中国机械工业科技三等奖
+ +胡德霖、胡醇详细简历见本招股说明书之“第八节/一、董事、监事、高级管理人员及其他核心人员的简要情况”。 + +## 四、主要财务数据 + +经江苏天衡审计,本公司报告期内主要财务数据如下: diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00089.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00089.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..13b6e35acc36ba2bc676a148dc7b8b988bf1664e --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00089.md @@ -0,0 +1,50 @@ +如下: + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
公司名称重庆天舟建筑工程设备租赁有限公司
成立时间1994 年2 月
法定代表人汪天祥
注册资本300 万元
注册地与主要生产经营地重庆市九龙坡区科园三街139 号附9 号
股东构成及控制情况汪天祥持股75 %,王立富持股15 %,王春贞持股10 %
主营业务金属材料(不含稀贵金属)、建材(不含危险化学品)、普通机械销售,租赁建筑工程设备
最近一年主要财务数据
(未经审计)
项目2010 年12 月31 日/2010年度
总资产(万元)2,224.53
净资产(万元)-312.62
净利润(万元)-278.24
+ +## (五)控股股东参股的企业情况 + +本公司控股股东、实际控制人汪天祥参股的企业有重庆农商行,具体情况如下: + +重庆农商行成立于 2008 年 6 月,是在原重庆市农村信用社、农村合作银行基础上组建的股份制商业银行,是全国第三家、中西部首家省级农村商业银行,也是中国首家赴港上市的农村商业银行。资本金 70 亿元,总资产规模超过 2,500 亿元,下辖 1,700 多个营业机构,从业人员 1.3 万余名。注册资本金居全国农村商业银行之首,是重庆市资产规模最大、存款规模最大、服务网点最多的地方金融机构,也是重庆市最大的涉农贷款银行、中小企业融资银行和个人信贷银行。(资料来源:重庆农商行网站) + +截至本招股说明书签署日,本公司控股股东、实际控制人汪天祥持有重庆农商行62.53万股股份。 + +## (六)控股股东或实际控制人直接或间接持有发行人的股份是否存在质押和其他有争议的情况 + +截至本招股说明书签署日,控股股东及实际控制人持有公司的股份不存在质押或其他有争议的情况。 + diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00090.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00090.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..6f0d37fba9c9a0ebb759f2797ce49720848dbfcc --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00090.md @@ -0,0 +1,45 @@ +## 第十五节 附件 + +## 一、附件目录 + +(一)发行保荐书(附:发行人成长性专项意见)及发行保荐工作报告; + +(二)发行人关于公司设立以来股本演变情况的说明及其董事、监事、高级管理人员的确认意见; + +(三)发行人控股股东、实际控制人对招股说明书的确认意见; + +(四)财务报表及审计报告; + +(五)内部控制鉴证报告; + +(六)经注册会计师核验的非经常性损益明细表; + +(七)法律意见书及律师工作报告; + +(八)公司章程(上市修订草案); + +(九)中国证监会核准本次发行的文件; + +(十)其他与本次发行有关的重要文件。 + +## 二、查阅时间 + +工作日上午:9:30-11:30 下午:13:30-16:30 + +## 三、文件查阅地址 + +发行人:深圳翰宇药业股份有限公司 + +地址:深圳市南山区高新技术工业园中区翰宇生物医药园四楼 + +电话号码:(0755)26588036 + +传真号码:(0755)-26588078 + +保荐机构(主承销商):中信建投证券有限责任公司 + +办公地址:深圳罗湖区深南东路深业中心2204 + +电话号码:(0755)25919073 + +传真号码:(0755)25919086 diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00091.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00091.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..3e397193d91b163e91029caabdd3d20505b70e39 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00091.md @@ -0,0 +1,148 @@ + +## 2、资产收购的过程 + +## (1)2007年12月,无形资产转让 + +2007 年 12 月,翰宇生物与翰宇有限签订《知识产权转让协议》、《专利权转让协议》及《商标权转让协议》,将其拥有的所有知识产权,包括商标(共 28 项)、专利(发明专利 2 项,发明专利申请权 2 项)、技术工艺、技术秘密和其它内容的知识产权以及与知识产权相关的权利一揽子无偿转让给翰宇有限。转让完成后,翰宇生物不再拥有与医药相关的无形资产。翰宇有限受让翰宇生物的 28 项商标、2 项发明专利和 2 项发明专利申请权明细如下: + +翰宇有限受让翰宇生物的28项商标明细 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
序号商标标识注册号核定使用
商品类别
有效期
13132781第1 类2003-6-28 至2013-6-27
2翰宇3141808第5 类2003-6-7 至2013-6-6
3翰康4053365第5 类2007-2-7 至2017-2-6
4翰固4053353第5 类2007-2-7 至2017-2-6
5翰欣4053366第5 类2007-2-7 至2017-2-6
6翰宁4053361第5 类2007-2-7 至2017-2-6
7翰安4053362第5 类2007-2-7 至2017-2-6
8翰恒4053359第5 类2007-2-7 至2017-2-6
9翰华4053355第5 类2007-2-7 至2017-2-6
10翰太4053363第5 类2007-2-7 至2017-2-6
11翰泰4053364第5 类2007-2-7 至2017-2-6
12翰唯4053354第5 类2007-2-7 至2017-2-6
13翰珍4053358第5 类2007-2-7 至2017-2-6
14翰真4053357第5 类2007-2-7 至2017-2-6
15泰定素3508275第5 类2005-5-21 至2015-5-20
16泰钙素3508296第5 类2005-3-28 至2015-3-27
17泰宫素3508294第5 类2005-5-21 至2015-5-20
18泰康素3508284第5 类2005-5-21 至2015-5-20
19泰可素3508285第5 类2005-5-21 至2015-5-20
20泰亮素3508288第5 类2005-3-28 至2015-3-27
21泰泌素3508286第5 类2005-1-14 至2015-1-13
22泰宁素3508292第5 类2005-3-28 至2015-3-27
diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00092.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00092.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..8fd07299c0bd957a583bb32dc1d26345eb6a9894 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00092.md @@ -0,0 +1,74 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
速动比率1.21.21.191.161.17
资产负债比率(%)56.956.957.658.960.4
+ +流动比率反映了企业短期偿债能力,即流动资产与流动负债的比值。该指标在1.2至1.3之间波动,总体呈下降趋势。说明企业的短期偿债能力略有下降,需要关注流动资产和流动负债的结构和变动情况。 + +速动比率剔除了存货等不易变现的流动资产,更能反映企业的即时偿债能力。该指标也在逐年下降,从1.2降至1.17,表明企业即时偿债能力有所减弱。 + +资产负债比率反映了企业的长期偿债能力,即总负债与总资产的比值。该指标持续上升,从56.9%增长至60.4%,表明企业的长期偿债压力逐渐增大。 + +## (二)、营运能力分析 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
运营能力指标2019 年2020 年2021 年2022 年2023 年
应收账款周转率(次)31.3651.1214.0823.6237.72
存货周转率(次)9.6715.213.696.7211.45
流动资产周转率(次)0.911.250.320.590.94
固定资产周转率(次)4.135.961.793.435.5
总资产周转率(次)0.610.860.220.410.65
+ +应收账款周转率衡量了公司应收账款转化为现金的速度。较高的周转率通常表明公司能够快速收回款项,降低坏账风险。从2019年到2023年,应收账款周转率呈现先上升后下降的趋势,2020年达到高峰,2021年显著下降,随后两年逐步上升。这反映了公司在某些年份对信用政策的调整或市场环境的变化。 + +存货周转率反映了公司存货管理的效率。较高的周转率意味着公司能够快速销售存货,降低库存成本。从2019年到2023年,存货周转率先上升后下降在上升,整体呈上升趋势,表明公司存货管理效率逐年提高。 + +流动资产周转率反映了公司流动资产的使用效率。较高的周转率表明公司能 + diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00093.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00093.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..8af6f87f68bec063e0dd7e212aa9f25a2b6f201d --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00093.md @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +资产增长率也呈上升趋势,并在2023年达到了27.61%的高增长。这表明公司在不断扩大其资产规模,通过投资、并购等方式实现规模扩张。 + +营业利润增长率反映了企业营业利润的增长情况。虽然2021年营业利润增长率为负,但整体来看,营业利润增长率在逐渐回升,并在2023年达到了35.74%的增长。这表明公司在优化业务结构、提高运营效率等方面取得了积极成果。 + +净利润增长率表示企业净利润的增长情况。与营业利润增长率类似,尽管在2021年有所下降,但净利润增长率整体呈上升趋势,并在2023年达到了43.23%的高增长。这显示了公司在提高盈利能力、控制成本等方面取得了显著成效。 + +净资产增长率反映了企业净资产规模的增长情况。从2019年到2023年,净资产增长率整体较为稳定,保持在10%到13%之间。这表明公司在保持净资产规模稳步增长的同时,也注重了资本结构的优化和风险控制。 + +存在的问题 + +## 四、杜邦分析 + + + +长城汽车 2023 年的销售净利率为 4.05%,说明公司的销售净利率非常低。 + diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00094.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00094.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..f02d0475355d7418415ca97d9ecb785ae70bab4d --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00094.md @@ -0,0 +1,99 @@ +长城汽车在技术研发上坚持“过度投入”,注重有效研发,为持续自主创新奠定了基础,使长城汽车具备了SUV、轿车、皮卡三大系列以及动力总成的开发设计能力。斥资50亿元打造的哈弗技术中心已投入使用,具备研发、试制、试验、造型、数据五大功能区域。 + +## 二、财务分析 + +## (一)、资产负债表分析 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
资产负债表2019 年2020 年2021 年2022 年2023 年
货币资金97.23145.9330.5357.7383.4
交易性金融资产43.6348.2660.4620.5441.12
应收票据及应收账款31.9339.3686.0493.47101.4
存货62.3774.98139.7223.7266.3
一年内到期的非流动资产8.07618.8522.419.2918.28
其他流动资产113.4115.898.1393.8925.6
流动资产合计685994108410771186
长期应收款12.9524.4522.9117.5517.91
长期股权投资31.1384.1595.24102.9107.5
递延所得税资产6.84311.8327.7732.5346.6
非流动资产合计445.9546.1670.4776.8826.9
资产总计11311540175418542013
+ diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00095.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00095.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..25e63af79e331d7fe2ca26d69348bcd0d261de63 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00095.md @@ -0,0 +1,118 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
短期借款11.879.0152.0459.4357.01
其他流动负债40.8850.6545.4355.5670.88
流动负债合计546811.79569581108
长期借款12.06107.886.56154.1132.9
租赁负债5918 万4.9534.7599.7876.616
递延收益21.9334.6241.1335.8531.98
递延所得税负债4.8945.4378.4557.70910.64
非流动负债合计40.97155176.8243.4219.3
负债合计587966.7113312011328
实收资本(或股本)91.2791.7692.3687.6584.98
资本公积14.1117.7948.7221.2620.55
盈余公积57.5661.7566.7870.1855.13
未分配利润383.5409.9418.9491.8527.3
归属于母公司股东权益总计544573.4621.2652685
股东权益合计544573.4621.3652.2685.1
负债和股东权益总计11311540175418542013
+ +货币资金从 2019 年的 97.23 增长到 2023 年的 383.4,说明公司的现金储备在不断增加,这说明是由于公司经营活动的盈利增加,公司成功地进行了融资活动。 + +交易性金融资产从 2019 年的 43.63 增长到 2021 年的 60.46,后续出现不同减增,虽然中间有所波动,但整体呈现增长趋势。这表明公司加强了对金融市 + diff --git a/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00096.md b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00096.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..8fe46dbd76327a58f61b489e73eabf7e9bac5040 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_financial_report_00096.md @@ -0,0 +1,36 @@ +## 发行概况 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
发行股票种类:人民币普通股A 股
发行股数:2,500 万股
每股面值:人民币1 . 00 元
每股发行价格:30.19 元
发行日期:2011 年3 月28 日
拟上市的证券交易所:深圳证券交易所
发行后总股本:10,000 万股
+ +本次发行前股东所持股份的流通限制和自愿锁定的承诺: + +1、公司实际控制人曾少贵、曾少强、曾少彬承诺,自公司股票在创业板上市之日起三十六个月内,不转让或者委托他人管理其直接或间接持有的公司股份,也不由公司回购该部分股份。 + +2、公司内资法人股东丰成投资承诺,自公司股票在创业板上市之日起三十六个月内,不转让或者委托他人管理其直接或间接持有的公司股份,也不由公司回购该部分股份。 + +3、公司其他股东承诺,自公司股票在创业板上市之日起十二个月内,不转让或者委托他人管理其直接或间接持有的公司股份,也不由公司回购该部分股份。 + +4、丰成投资全体股东承诺,自公司股票在创业板上市之日起三十六个月内,不转让或者委托他人管理其直接或间接持有的公司股份,也不由公司回购该部分股份。 + +5、此外,公司董事及/或高级管理人员曾少贵、曾少强、徐航、袁建成、马亚平、龙镭、刘煜、全衡、蔡磊、监事曾少彬还承诺,在本人担任翰宇药业董事/监事/高级管理人员期间,本人每年转让的股份不超过本人直接或间接持有公司股份总数的25%;本人从翰宇药业董事/监事/高级管理人员岗位离职后六个月内, diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00001.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00001.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..8c709d995f6525e55b95f913a9cffcc1be578e70 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00001.md @@ -0,0 +1,141 @@ +表 11 2014 年以来预告,满足选股条件的(截至 2014/2/12) + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
代码名称预告日期报告期交易所板块行业预告类型整体增速未公布增速整体超预期未公布超预期20BIAS-相对截至2 /12 相对行业收益率
300067安诺其2014010720131231深圳创业板化工预增120.0%177.0%23.7%19466.1%14.609.54
600583海油工程2014010920131231上海主板采掘预增220.0%257.5%35.1%103.6%9.7719.19
300063天龙集团2014011620131231深圳创业板化工略增20.0%209.0%12.2%98.8%20.596.01
000413东旭光电2014011720131231深圳主板电子预增152.3%259.5%14.1%47.1%7.1617.07
002637赞宇科技2014011820131231深圳中小板化工预增794.1%469.5%28.6%56.8%5.4910.47
000829天音控股2014012120131231深圳主板商业贸易扭亏232.7%713.9%42.9%18.4%12.0935.73
002205国统股份2014012920131231深圳中小板建筑建材预增366.5%342.4%55.2%128.5%10.478.25
600158中体产业2014012920131231上海主板房地产预增75.0%56.4%24.0%85.2%20.9816.02
+ +数据来源:国泰君安证券研究,Wind + diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00002.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00002.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..ed0af11567f438d15227628408e1ad385299da6b --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00002.md @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +图26: 极端条件下,国企“再加杠杆”释放的信贷扩张空间 + + + +数据来源:Wind,广发证券发展研究中心 + +## (三)“再加杠杆”将是央企国企重估的重要一环:股权融资→再加杠杆→估值重塑 + +我们认为,现阶段央企国企直接大幅提升杠杆率的概率不大,真正可能的方式是央企国企重估“三步走”—— + +1. 扩大再融资(股权融资为主)并积极优化业务结构,确定重估的根基(优质业务)的同时优化资产负债表结构(降低杠杆率); + +2. 财务状况优化后,适度“再加杠杆”扩大再投资,进一步优化盈利能力; + +3. 业务结构、盈利能力、财务状况均得到优化后,顺利实现重估。 + +图27: 央国企重估的“三步走” + + + +数据来源:广发证券发展研究中心 diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00003.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00003.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..f92ca6dae11982e3be30b7201b3f1a8a9509c611 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00003.md @@ -0,0 +1,131 @@ +## ChatGPT: 细探商业模式与供给端决定因素 + +## ChatGPT: Examining the Business Model and Determining Factors on Supply Side + +## 观点聚焦 Investment Focus + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
股票名称评级股票名称评级
腾讯控股Outperform 华住Outperform
阿里巴巴Outperform 心动公司Outperform
拼多多Outperform 虎牙Neutral
美团Outperform 知乎Outperform
京东Outperform雅乐科技Neutral
网易公司Outperform祖龙娱乐Neutral
百度Outperform IGGNeutral
SeaOutperform 斗鱼Neutral
携程集团Outperform 同程旅行Neutral
Boss 直聘Outperform 快手-WOutperform
哔哩哔哩Outperform 商汤-WOutperform
唯品会Outperform
爱奇艺Neutral
微博Outperform
阅文集团Neutral
欢聚时代Outperform
+ + + +资料来源:Factset, HTI + +Related Reports + +TEMU 物流研究及美国尾程配送现状一览(How TEMU fulfill its orders and a glance of US last mile delivery)(16 Dec 2022) + +阿里巴巴 2022 云栖大会亮点小结(Takeaway from Alibaba 2022 APSARA Conference)(7 Nov 2022) + +广深跨境电商调研小结(Takeaway from E-commerce Field Trips in Guangzhou and Shenzhen)(31 Oct 2022) + + +本篇报告我们回顾梳理了海内外巨头在 ChatGPT 上的布局,并分析了未来供给端的决定因素。 + +ChatGPT 作为爆款应用出圈,背后有技术和管理上的必然性:ChatGPT 在上线 5 日内突破 100 万注册用户,两个月内突破 1 亿用户,成为全球最快用户破亿的互联网软件。技术上,ChatGPT 基于 Transformer 架构,历经多轮训练迭代,叠加算力上微软的大力支持,参数量从最初 1.17 亿进化到了 1750 亿,这带来了技术上的先发优势和杀手级的用户体验。管理上,OpenAI 作为非盈利机构,没有上市和业绩压力,因此拥有更多试错空间和更从容的研发氛围。因此,我们认为 ChatGPT 可维持其现有优势,将会是 AI 时代的赢家之一。而且,参考 ChatGPT 演变过程,我们认为前期的巨额投入和从容的研发氛围,也是成为国内该领域最后赢家的必要条件。由此,国内目前各大厂的现状,仍存在改良空间。 + +商业模式处于探索阶段,落地场景上广告或率先起量,长期会以用户付费为主、促成再一次工业革命般的生产力提升:目前ChatGPT的商业化探索仍在早期阶段,具体措施包括在C端推出订阅服务,在B端整合进入微软云服务生态图等。长期来看,训练与硬件成本的下降将为生成式AI技术在B、C端大规模应用提供基础和支撑,应用场景可包括线上客服、教育、电商、软件开发、传媒、艺术、游戏等。但短期而言,较为明确的路径为革新搜索市场,争夺广告份额:微软Bing的先例可做管中窥豹。不过另一方面,随着微软搜索广告在低基数下的高速增长,谷歌股价或暂时承压;同理或可解释百度在OpenAI上的急迫感。 + + +国内应用端玩家虽面临算力掣肘,但短期竞争的决定因素或在于应用场景和转型决心:参考海外产业链,目前中国产业链在基础设施层,主要是高性能芯片方面和海外存在巨大差距。但在芯片被卡脖子的现实下,也预示着国产替代玩家的发展空间(如寒武纪、璧仞科技等),他们可能首先在财务上享受到 AI 浪潮红利。而对于应用端的互联网大厂而言,高性能 GPU 芯片卡脖子是他们面临的共同问题,但由于技术敏感性,国内市场此后应为国内玩家主导,所以国内玩家主要还是内部竞争;且目前而言,各家 A100 囤货已能满足现阶段需求,且 A800 即将出货,以及训练效率快速提升,卡脖子问题或到 2025 年方会呈现。从目前技术储备上看,ChatGPT 的出现已经指明了技术迭代的方向,各家纠偏只是时间问题。因此,我们认为国内竞争的关键点在于落地场景:巨头需考虑这些落地场景是侵蚀主营业务的地盘,还是带来增量为主,并在这个基础上考量自身的转型决心。此外,研发氛围、新业务投入周期、及人才管理等软实力亦尤为重要-而我们认为,腾讯和字节在这些方面具有优势、但团队并不紧迫;百度硬性优势明显,急迫感突出,但执行力存疑。后续需紧密关注各家团队流失率指标。 + + + +Natalie Wu, CFA +natalie.wu@htisec.com + +Barney Yao +barney.sq.yao@htisec.com + +Yulin Zhong, CFA +yl.zhong@htisec.com + +Jasmine Bai +y.bai@htisec.com + +本研究报告由海通国际分销,海通国际是由海通国际研究有限公司,海通证券印度私人有限公司,海通国际株式会社和海通国际证券集团其他各成员单位的证券研究团队所组成的全球品牌,海通国际证券集团各成员分别在其许可的司法管辖区内从事证券活动。关于海通国际的分析师证明,重要披露声明和免责声明,请参阅附录。(Please see appendix for English translation of the disclaimer) + diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00004.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00004.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..e07dfb58500f12d31d8898642a4ba4b6fdb1d4b9 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00004.md @@ -0,0 +1,25 @@ +## 【企业动态】 + +## • 绿城中国拟20.72亿元收购合景泰富杭州及苏州3个项目股权 + +8月15日,绿城中国(03900.HK)发布关于收购杭州及苏州项目公司权益的公告。绿城房地产(公司的全资附属公司)与苏州卖方(苏州市金和房地产及苏州市上誉房地产)及其他各方订立苏州协议,据此,绿城房地产同意向苏州卖方A收购苏州市景誉房地产的50%股权及向苏州卖方B收购苏州市卓誉房地产的51%股权,总代价约为人民币8.95亿元。于苏州收购事项完成后,苏州目标公司各自将成为绿城中国的非全资附属公司。 + +## • 远洋集团:因违约于2024年到期的6.000%有担保票据停牌 + +8月14日,远洋集团发布有关於二零二四年到期的6.000%有担保票据停牌公告。公告称,应发行人要求,因并未于2023年8月13日(即有关利息付款的14日宽限期的最后一日)或之前支付票据于2023年1月30日(包括该日)至2023年7月30日(不包括该日)的利息期间的利息(2094万美元)而导致发生票据项下之违约事件,故票据将自2023年8月14日上午9时正起于港交所停牌,直至作出进一步通知。 + +## • 中梁控股:占计划债务约71%的持有人已加入重组支持协议 + +8月14日,中梁控股(02772)公告,于重组支持协议费用截止期限,占计划债务约71%的持有人已加入重组支持协议及/或已提供加入重组支持协议的指示。 + +## • 碧桂园已筹备债务重整,近期启动相关程序 + +8月11日,有机构人士透露,碧桂园已经在筹备债务重整,近期有望启动相关程序,该公司已聘请中金为财务顾问,主导重整事宜。面临阶段性流动压力的碧桂园在8月10日傍晚的公告中表示,将与债权人保持沟通,采取各种债务管理措施,以保障公司的长远发展,并为债权人保存价值、维护利益。碧桂园坦承“公司遇到了自成立以来最大的困难”,公司管理层进行了深刻的反思,承诺将坚守责任、全力自救。 + +## • 奥园公告披露重组进展:已获持有现有票据本金金额75.89%的债权人同意 + +8月10日晚,中国奥园(03883.HK)公告披露,持有现有票据本金金额75.89%的债权人已正式签署或同意重组支持协议。其中,部分非ICA债权人已签署或同意重组支持协议。为此,奥园方面表示,对至今获得的大力支持深感鼓舞与欣慰。 + +## • 正荣地产:有序推进境外债重组 预计上半年亏损14亿元至16亿元 + +8月10日,正荣地产集团有限公司发布(1)境外整体债务管理方案的最新情况;及(2)财务更新公告。境外整体债务管理方案方面,公告称于过去数月一直协助债权人特别小组进行的尽职调查,已于近期完成。 diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00005.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00005.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..9ff716fd2e9db9f401f25015372e6e81a3fdaf9b --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00005.md @@ -0,0 +1,109 @@ +## 【项目案例】 + +## ◆ 南京招商璀璨璟园: + +开发商:招商蛇口 + +江宁核心区的璀璨璟园,区域配套非常完善。项目位于竹山路商圈的核心腹地,周围就有景枫城市综合体(在建)、龙湖龙湾天街等重要商业地标,一河之隔更是南京第二商圈—百家湖。15分钟内,可以到达江宁多个重要商圈。 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
开盘时间入住时间精装套数楼盘售价 (元/m²)装修标准 (元/m²)橱柜品牌烟机品牌灶具品牌洗碗机品牌
20230725.10904350004000欧卡罗、柏厨方太方太方太
净水器品牌智能坐便器品牌洗面盆品牌浴霸品牌壁挂炉品牌中央空调品牌可视对讲品牌智能门锁品牌智能家居系统品牌
通用GE科勒科勒奥普菲斯曼松下小度樱花博联
+ +## ◆ 杭州桃境满元里: + +开发商:杭州城建(大家房产) + +项目介绍:"大家房产,稳健匠筑41载。秉承“大美为家”品牌主张,以追求高阶生活理念的初心,携手国企实力巨擘——杭地发展,联袂匠著,深耕丁桥品质人居,再续杭州湖滨风雅。项目位于丁兰新城CLD中央生活区的桃花湖公园畔,镜像西湖“湖滨格局”,回归一面悠然自得,一面人间烟火的优雅洋房生活。 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
开盘
时间
入住时间精装套数楼盘售价
(元/㎡)
装修标准
(元/㎡)
橱柜品牌烟机品牌灶具品牌洗碗机品牌
20230726.03418343703500订制老板老板老板
坐便器品牌坐便器品牌花洒品牌浴霸品牌开关插座品牌热水器品牌中央空调品牌可视对讲品牌智能门锁品牌
科勒科勒科勒奥普西蒙耀罡、威能日立海康威视萤石
+ +注:以上信息来源于奥维云网监测数据库摘要,如需查看更多项目,欢迎联系! + diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00006.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00006.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..07cbe25c1762250929b47d710d03724d445bd53a --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00006.md @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +## 【宏观经济】 + +## ● AVC观点:消费降温明显,投资、出口持续走低 + +• 供给端:2023年7月,规模以上工业增加值同比实际增长3.7%,环比增长0.01%。1—7月份,规模以上工业增加值同比增长3.8%;7月份制造业PMI为49.3%,略有回升 + +图:工业增加值增速(%) PMI同比未热 + + + +• 需求端:2023年1-7月社会消费品零售总额同比增长7.3% + +• 固定资产投资:2023年1-7月累计同比增速3.4%,较上月下降0.02个百分点,其中房地产开发投资额累计同比下降8.5%,较上月持续走低 + +图:社会消费品零售总额、投资、出口同比走势(%) + + + +• 进出口:2023年1-7月,以美元计价,中国进出口总值34002.4亿美元,同比下降6.1%。其中出口总值19449亿美元,同比下降5%;进口总值14553.4亿美元,同比下降7.6%。 + + diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00007.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00007.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..ea5d4f8f2632f81e5faa3df5d6841020b4149327 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00007.md @@ -0,0 +1,33 @@ +## 【地产新政】 + +## ● AVC观点:众多城市释放重磅利好,打响房地产政策优化的发令枪 + +## 7.24 政治局会议后最新政策动态 + +7月24日,中央政治局会议首次明确了“我国房地产市场供求关系发生重大变化的新形势”,并首次提出要“适时调整优化房地产政策,因城施策用好政策工具箱”,随后住建部发声,各地积极因地制宜调整优化市场: + +7月27日,住建设部表示,进一步落实好降低购买首套住房首付比例和贷款利率、改善性住房换购税费减免、个人住房贷款“认房不用认贷”等政策措施。倪虹部长明确提出个人住房贷款“认房不认贷”,预计短期二线城市或率先调整优化,一线城市亦存在空间;29日-30日,地方层面,政治局会议后,北京、广州、深圳等多个核心城市住建部门跟进表态,要大力支持居民刚性和改善性需求 + +随后安徽合肥、宁夏隆德县、贵州贵阳、江苏句容、四川雅安经济技术开发区、内蒙古赤峰、浙江兰溪、浙江衢州、河南郑州等多地密集出台购房支持政策,包括提高公积金贷款最高额度、降低公积金贷款首付比例、多孩家庭购新房给购房补贴和契税补贴、降低二套房商贷首付比例、推进商品房“现房销售”试点、探索商品房销售按套内面积计价、购改善性住房的原有住房暂停执行住房限售政策、鼓励各商业银行调整存量个人住房贷款利率、落实“认房不认贷”政策、个人转让自用“满五唯一”住房暂免征收个税等 +7月底,在住建部领导7月底发声后,首个执行“认房不认贷”的城市是内蒙古赤峰。根据“赤峰公积金”官方消息,从8月1日起,该市正式执行“认房不认贷”公积金贷款政策!即公积金缴交职工申请公积金贷款时,不再审核以前公积金贷款次数,只审核拥有的“三地”房源套数(即购房地、公积金缴存地、户籍地,“三地”总套数超过两套就不能申请公积金贷款) + +8月3日,河南郑州率先发布稳楼市“十五条”提出: + +- 支持青年人才在郑安居,在享受原有青年人才购房补贴的基础上,由开发区、区县(市)再按照100%的比例给予购房契税补贴; + +- 符合国家生育政策生育二孩、三孩且子女未成年的家庭,凡即日起至2023年12月31日期间在郑购买新建商品住房并完成契税缴纳的(以购房合同网签时间为准),由开发区、区县(市)财政一次性给予二孩家庭2万元、三孩家庭3万元货币补贴; + +- 购买改善性住房的,其原有住房暂停执行住房限售政策; + +- 励在郑各商业银行依法有序调整存量个人住房贷款利率,引导个人住房贷款利率和首付比例下行; + +- 落实“认房不认贷”政策,更大程度满足刚需和改善性住房需求; + +- 个人转让自用“满五唯一”住房,暂免征收个人所得税; + +- 个人将购买2年以上(含2年)的住房对外销售的,免征增值税等; + +- 稳妥推进城中村改造和城市更新。城中村改造、城市更新中涉及的房屋征收,通过购买商品住房、发放安置房票等货币化为主的方式实施安置; + +- 稳妥推进商品房“现房销售”试点,着力抓好郑东新区和惠济区各一个试点项目 + diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00008.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00008.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..395ce4c6bf496013038e1a3e6a5f87a82aab9a24 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00008.md @@ -0,0 +1,127 @@ +## 【部品监测】 + +2023年7月整体精装规模75.3千套,同比-44.4%。除标配部品外,燃气热水器、中央空调、智能家居系统、洗碗机、新风系统配置率较去年增长较明显 + +## 2023年7月中国精装商品住宅配套部品市场规模及走势 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
部品配套量(干套)配置率配置率变化
建材75.3100.0%-100.0%
橱柜72.295.8%-2.1%
烟机69.992.8%-3.9%
灶具65.987.5%-9.1%
消毒柜12.817.0%-8.7%
净水器16.321.7%-1.8%
洗碗机25.734.1%+2.7%
浴霸50.066.3%-5.6%
坐便器66.488.2%-+2.9%
浴室柜70.093.0%-2.0%
花洒73.096.9%-1.5%
淋浴屏49.565.7%-10.4%
电热水器0.00.0%-2.5%
太阳能热水器5.77.6%+4.7%
燃气热水器9.913.1%+9.5%
壁挂炉15.620.8%-1.1%
空气能热水器11.815.6%+5.9%
中央空调49.765.9%+9.4%
新风系统32.443.0%+2.1%
电视0.81.1%0.9%
冰箱3.14.1%0.1%
洗衣机2.33.1%1.6%
智能家居系统8.511.3%-2.4%
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00009.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00009.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..55aa81a306ccc431c1712357bee1ab00fab41f4f --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00009.md @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +## 三、餐饮业数字化发展现状 + +近年来,餐饮业数字化快速发展。数字技术与餐饮业的融合进一步加速了餐饮业的发展,提升了生产和服务效率,同时也创造了更多消费场景。相关政策的逐步完善进一步推动了这一发展趋势,数字化平台的作用得到充分发挥,数字化生态系统的构建步伐也进一步加快。 + +## (一)餐饮业数字化加快发展 + +餐饮业表现出强劲的市场潜力,国家统计局数据显示,2020–2022年,全国餐饮收入规模分别达到39527亿元、46895亿元、43941亿元,餐饮业展现出产业韧性和活力。2019年以来,随着大数据、物联网、人工智能、云计算、VR、5G等信息技术加快推广应用,餐饮业数字化普及加快,新的消 + + + +数据来源:国家统计局 + +图 3-1 中国餐饮业收入规模情况(2015–2022 年)(亿元) + +费场景、消费方式、消费渠道加快发展,餐饮业数字化市场展现广阔的发展空间。随着餐饮业数字化基础设施逐步完善,供应链数字化、管理数字化、营销数字化和消费数字化快速发展。餐饮物流、仓储、智能采购体系、上下游工厂等全链路推进数字化。门店数字化管理水平持续提升,大数据选址、餐饮数 diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00010.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00010.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..261855767a682358e25c169723c7b9da81dc0871 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00010.md @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ + + +数据来源:中国社会科学院数量经济与技术经济研究所调查数据 + +图 4-1 餐饮企业数字化程度 + +小微企业在数字化转型过程中面临的问题主要表现在两个方面:一是小微企业数字化转型成本压力大。小微企业资金实力相对弱,美团研究院2021年的问卷数据显示,约有81.41%的餐饮商户年交易额不足20万元。在承担企业日常运营的人工、房租、水电费用等成本外,推动数字化转型成本压力大。二是小微企业的数字化意识不高。部分商户受知识结构等因素影响,还需要进行学习提升数字化知识。对于小微餐饮企业而言,仅仅处于数字化的初级阶段,即上线外卖、扫码支付等大众化数字应用,对于企业长期发展所需的数字运营、品牌管理、餐品优化、原料管理等普及度不高。 + +## 专栏 4-4 中小餐饮企业数字化转型难 + +美团研究院 2020 年针对 9132 个商户进行的问卷调查结果显示,本身营业流水高的商户在使用数字化服务后更容易获得较高的营业流水增长率;同时,本身经营净利率较高的企业在使用数字化服务后也更容易获得较高的营业流水增长率。这说明,在大型餐饮商户和中小餐饮商户之间存在着“数字鸿沟”和“马太效应”,数字化转 diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00011.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00011.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..5de163ca3ba877234093b9ba61ea32f4bd466c3f --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00011.md @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +## 2.7.2、绿电市场:绿电交易持续扩容,但规模依旧偏小 + +绿电交易的成交价格包括电能量价值和环境价值,因而绿电价值可被视为电能量和绿证捆绑销售后的统一价值体现。从定义来看,绿电交易是在电力中长期市场体系框架内设立的全新交易品种,指符合要求的风电、光电等可再生能源上网电量和部分带补贴的新能源项目,交易通过双边协商、集中撮合、挂牌等方式实现。 + +目前绿电主要在中长期维度交易,部分绿电试点参与现货市场结算,其中约90%的交易电量按合同电量由政府核定的基准价格结算,剩下约10%按照现货市场价格进行偏差结算。绿电价格一般被认为电能量价格与环境溢价之和减去系统消纳成本,前两者分别体现绿电的生产运营成本与环境属性价值。2021年,国网地区绿电溢价为0.03-0.05元/kWh,南网地区约为0.03元/kWh,2022年受煤电价格上涨拉动,部分绿电溢价远超中长期价格,溢价约在0.02-0.1元/kWh。 + +绿电溢价高于绿证价格,两者供需体系较为割裂。绿证的价格在 0.03-0.05 元/kWh,整体来看价格低于绿电溢价。绿电和绿证的差异在于,绿电涉及电力的实物交割,绿证则仅需要交易该证明,即绿证是在绿电买方不清晰的情况下所产生的凭证。去年由于购电企业对物理交割的强刚需,绿电溢价随着电力供应紧缺而上涨,而绿证交易是建立在凭证上的另一套供需体系,不涉及物理交割,市场购买绿证的目的和绿电不一致,因此两个市场依然存在割裂。未来绿证和绿电溢价理应趋同,但这需要两者供需的逐渐放开与重叠和绿电现货市场的推进发展。 + +绿电和绿证覆盖范围的重叠部分不断扩大。根据南方区域和国网的绿电交易规则,我国绿电交易目前仅限于符合标准的风电和光伏项目,未来可逐步扩大到水电等领域。绿证已经实现对可再生能源实现全覆盖,供应端将与绿电逐渐耦合,两者在市场衔接上会更加顺滑。未来交易量扩大后,绿证甚至可对绿电的环境溢价部分起到发现价格的作用。 + +图表 37:新能源参与市场后电力价值体系 + + + +资料来源:北京电力交易中心,东证衍生品研究院 + +图表38:我国绿电交易规模持续增加 + + + +资料来源:国家电网,南方电网,东证衍生品研究院 diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00012.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00012.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..7c96a790a18cf738187b2d78cb209d0400795539 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00012.md @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +PPA 分为实体 PPA 和虚拟 PPA。实体 PPA 由购售双方签订,期限多在 10 年以上,一般双方会位于同一市场区域,且必须要通过物理电网进行连接,因此灵活性较差,甚至由于其远期风险较大,还需要电力期货进行对冲;虚拟 PPA 由企业和售电方签订,由于最终支付可为现金结算,其本质上是一种金融价差合约,无需电网物理连接,这使得跨区域的绿电交易成为可能。相比于实体 PPA,虚拟 PPA 相对更灵活,交易量也更大,但跨境监管不充分和绿证循迹困难等风险也被放大。 + +图表40:欧洲实体和虚拟 PPA 跨境交易模式 + + + +资料来源:WBCSD,东证衍生品研究院 + +图表41:欧洲 PPA 年度签订容量 + + + +资料来源:WindEurope,东证衍生品研究院 + +图表42:欧洲各国 PPA 累计签订容量 + + + +资料来源:WindEurope,东证衍生品研究院 diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00013.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00013.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..718d7755cfca12ca49f776821d9063d4eb1c1e3c --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00013.md @@ -0,0 +1,69 @@ +图表11:今年以来理财规模持续增长 + + + +来源:Wind,国金证券研究所 + +图表12:山东省某区县级平台不同融资工具成本对比 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
产品类型理财直融工具定向工具一般短期融资券
发行时间2023-02-272023-02-232023-01-13
发行规模(亿元)5158
发行期限12M12M12M
发行成本5.60%5.47%3.90%
同期限国开2.48%2.46%2.30%
信用利差(BP )312301160
+ +来源:Wind,国金证券研究所 + +## 五、市场回顾 + +1、利率债市场:收益率走势分化,10Y-1Y国债期限利差收窄 + +1.1 一级市场:利率债发行数量减少,发行规模环比增加 + +以中债债券分类,9月11日-9月15日,一级市场共发行51只利率债,较前一周减少24只,发行规模5335亿元,发行金额较前一周增加531亿元。 + +图表13:利率债发行数量 + + + +来源:Wind,国金证券研究所 + +图表14:利率债发行金额 + + + +来源:Wind,国金证券研究所 + +上周利率债到期额 4398.64 亿元,本周到期额 1815.83 亿元,下周(09.18 至 09.22)计划发行额 7360.44 亿元。 + diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00014.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00014.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..804a0b8ba66330c717e54fd67fec1a5241cb9df5 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00014.md @@ -0,0 +1,98 @@ +图表15:利率债发行、偿还和净融资额 + + + +来源:Wind,国金证券研究所 + +## 1.2 二级市场:收益率走势分化,10Y-1Y 国债期限利差收窄 + +收益率方面,9月11日-9月15日,1年期/10年期国债到期收益率均值分别为2.05%和2.63%,较前一周均值分别上行10.42bp、5.62bp。 + +图表16:中债国债收益率曲线 + + + +来源:Wind,国金证券研究所 + +9月11日-9月15日,3年期、5年期、7年期国债收益率平均值较上周分别上行3.53BP、下行0.72BP、0.38BP,10Y-1Y期限利差有所收窄。 + +图表17:每周国债平均收益率及变动 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
时间区间平均收益率(%)平均收益率变动(BP )
1 年期3 年期5 年期7 年期10 年期1 年期3 年期5 年期7 年期10 年期
9 月11 日-9 月15 日2.11972.34042.47962.63512.62317.213.53-0.72-0.38-0.44
9 月4 日-9 月8 日2.04762.30502.48692.63892.627510.426.387.406.965.62
8 月28 日-9 月1 日1.94342.24122.41292.56922.57125.573.504.723.831.63
8 月21 日-8 月25 日1.88762.20622.36572.53092.55495.77-1.05-1.09-2.87-2.38
8 月14 日-8 月18 日1.82992.21672.37662.55972.57871.76-3.66-4.34-4.94-6.09
+ +来源:Wind,国金证券研究所 diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00015.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00015.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..17f01355909dfde564c0edf1e48227aa57b49d64 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00015.md @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +In addition to considering the uncertainty adjustment factor in equation (4), one can decompose the contributions of the three effects thus far considered: (i) the effect on the expected stochastic discount factor $E[SD F_t] = E[e^{-(\rho + \eta g_t)t}]$ (or equivalently, on the certainty-equivalent discount rate); (ii) the contribution of the covariance of marginal damages and consumption; and (iii) the effect on expected marginal damages.$^7$ Specifically, the uncertainty adjustment can be factored as follows: + +$$ +\underbrace{e^{\frac{1}{2}(\beta - \eta)^2 \sigma_t^2 t^2}}_{\text{Effect of Uncertainty}} = e^{\frac{1}{2}(\beta^2 - 2\beta\eta + \eta^2) \sigma_t^2 t^2} = +$$ +$$ +\underbrace{e^{\frac{1}{2}\eta^2 \sigma_t^2 t^2}}_{\text{Effect on } E[SDF_t]} \quad +\underbrace{e^{-\beta\eta \sigma_t^2 t^2}}_{\text{Risk Adjustment}} \quad +\underbrace{e^{\frac{1}{2}\beta^2 \sigma_t^2 t^2}}_{\text{Effect on } E[MD_t]} \quad (5) +$$ + +The three terms in equation (5) illustrate how the effect of uncertainty in equation (4) explicitly embodies the effects identified in equation (1) on the risk-free discount rate, equation (2) on the risk adjustment to the discount rate, and equation (3) on expected marginal damages. The first two bracketed terms on the right-hand side of equation (5) correspond to the effect of uncertainty on the discount rate, which, as previously demonstrated, serves to increase the risk-adjusted discount rate and therefore decrease the SCC if $\beta > \frac{1}{2}\eta$, a condition that typically holds in standard IAMs. This is the adjustment made by Barrage and Nordhaus (2023), for example. Overall, however, as the growth uncertainty increases the SCC on net, the increase in expected marginal damages represented in the third term of the right-hand side of equation (5) must dominate the first two terms. Hence including the effect of such uncertainty on expected marginal damages is essential for accurately representing the sign of growth uncertainty’s effect on the SCC, let alone its magnitude. + +## 5. Implications of Small or Negative $\beta$ + +Equation (4) is also informative about the effect of the climate beta on the SCC. Some have called for lower discount rates on the grounds of a potentially lower or even negative $\beta$. While it is true that a negative $\beta$ would call for a negative risk premium on the discount rate, as is the case with a positive risk premium, it is not obvious that this lower discount rate would yield a higher SCC when the $\beta$’s offsetting effect on damages is taken into account. In equation (4), this offsetting effect manifests as a smaller $E[DMD_t]$, since when $\beta$ is smaller, both time-zero damages ($\alpha c_0^\beta$) and rate of growth ($\beta \mu_t$) are smaller. On the other hand, the uncertainty adjustment factor is generally larger when $\beta$ is smaller, since it is typically the case that $\beta < \eta$. + +$^{7}$ I thank David Smith for this suggestion. \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00016.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00016.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..6622f3fe0abfb8fa397ef42ce23a803ef9aff50b --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00016.md @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +推出的Viosport Adventure Cam允许用户在辅助设备的帮助下进行户外环境下的摄像。随着运动相机分辨率不断提升、技术水平不断提高,这一阶段出现了较多经典的运动相机产品。 +这一阶段的特征是市场规模的快速扩大,品牌竞争加剧,消费者需求的多样化以及行业内的产业链不断完善。此时,一些较大的公司进入市场,并且开始注重品牌和质量的建设,产品的质量和技术水平逐渐提高。行业内也开始有了更规范的生产和管理,一些知名品牌如GoPro等开始在市场上崭露头角,对于整个行业的发展起到了积极的推动作用。 + +## 高速发展期 · 2015~2023 + +2015年至今,GoPro等运动相机品牌进入中国,本土品牌利用成本优势给GoPro造成了极大的销售压力。部分本土企业长期为GoPro代工,积累了丰富的运动相机生产经验,也为后来的Insta360等国产运动相机品牌代工,一定程度上帮助本土品牌压低产品价格,并实现由概念设计到最终产品的快速迭代。 +市场竞争非常激烈,市场规模迅速增长,同时品牌竞争也非常激烈。此时,整个行业的产品品质和技术水平都达到了一个新的高度,行业内的产业链也不断完善,涵盖了从传感器、镜头、影像处理芯片到电池、存储卡、显示屏、手持支架等多个领域。此时的消费者对于运动相机的需求和使用也越来越多元化,不仅可以用于记录极限运动、旅游等,也可以用于短视频、直播等多个领域。总的来说,这一阶段是中国运动相机行业发展的黄金时期,对于整个行业的发展产生了深远的影响。 + + + +## 中国运动相机产业链分析 + +运动相机产业链由上游、中游和下游组成,上游环节是运动相机硬件、软件与配件供应商,代表企业有佳能、尼康、索尼等;中游环节是运动相机生产商、品牌商与渠道商,代表企业有影石创新、柯达、福云明等;下游环节是运动相机销售渠道及消费者群体,代表相关方有淘宝、苏宁易购、京东、跳伞公司等。运动相机的产业链非常复杂,涉及多个环节和领域的协同合作。需要在传感器、镜头、设计生产等多个领域的专业人士协同配合,才能生产出一款质量稳定、性能优越的运动相机。 + +上游领域:在传感器和芯片制造环节,主要关注产品性能和技术创新,传感器和芯片在上游产业链占据重要地位,其中中国的豪威科技亮点频频。镜头制造环节,主要关注成像效果和适用场景,光学原材料、光学元件组件在光学镜头产业链中占据重要地位,上游光学元器件供应商的议价能力较高。目前,全球的光学元器件主要集中在德国、日本、韩国、和中国台湾地区,其中德国、日本占据光学元器件行业技术的制高点。与德国、日本相 + diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00017.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00017.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..4cd1be30a1e2138cb37bf2ff44b0e2ce05e09460 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00017.md @@ -0,0 +1,50 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
[10]政策名称颁布主体生效日期影响
《扩大和升级信息消费三年行动计
划(2018-2020年)》
工信部、国家发改委2018-077
政策内容提升消费电子产品供给创新水平,利用物联网、大数据、云计算、人工智能等技术推动电子产品智能化升级,提升手机、计算机、彩色电视机、音箱等各类终端产品的中高端供给体系质量,推进智能可穿戴设
备、虚拟/增强现实、超高清终端设备、消费类无人机等产品的研发及产业化,加快超高清视频在社会各行业应用普及。
政策解读《扩大和升级信息消费三年行动计划(2018 -2020 年)》中提到的措施,特别是利用物联网、大数据、云计算、人工智能等技术推动电子产品智能化升级,将对运动相机行业产生积极影响。运动相机是一种特殊的消费电子产品,主要应用于运动场景中的拍摄,以满足人们对于记录运动轨迹、分享运动经验等方面的需求。随着消费者对于运动健康的关注度不断提高,运动相机的市场需求也在不断增加。然而,传统的运动相机往往只具备基本的拍摄功能,难以满足消费者对于拍摄效果、使用体验等方面的需求。通过推动电子产品智能化升级,运动相机制造商可以将物联网、大数据、云计算、人工智能等技术应用于产品设计、
制造和运营过程中,以提高产品的性能、功能和用户体验。例如,可以将人工智能算法应用于画面处理和运动跟踪,以提高拍摄效果和稳定性;可以将物联网技术应用于设备连接和远程控制,以方便用户操作和管理;可以将大数据和云计算技术应用于数据收集和分析,以帮助用户更好地了解自己的运动状态和健康状况。此外,《扩大和升级信息消费三年行动计划(2018 -2020 年)》中提到的措施还将促进运动相机的供给体系升级,推动中高端产品的研发和产业化。这将有助于提高运动相机的品质和竞争力,同时也将为消费者提供更多、更好的选择。
政策性质指导性政策
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
[10]政策名称颁布主体生效日期影响
《推动重点消费品更新升级畅通资源循环利用实施方案(2019-2020 年)》国家发改委、生态环境部、商务部2019-067
政策内容聚焦汽车、家电、消费电子产品领域,进一步巩固产业升级势头,增强市场消费活力,提升消费支撑能力, 畅通资源循环利用,促进形成强大国内市场,实现产业高质量发展。
《推动重点消费品更新升级畅通资源循环利用实施方案(2019-2020 年)》是国家关于消费品更新升级的具体实施方案,旨在通过政策引导和市场导向,加快推进重点消费品更新升级,提高产品质量和技术水平,实现资源循环利用,推进可持续发展。对于运动相机行业而言,该实施方案对其具有积极的影响。首先,实施方案鼓励企业加大研发力度,推动产品质量和技术水平的提升,这将促进运动相机行业的技术创
diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00018.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00018.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..d8f29b92939434a15fc7b649c7a36f8c524da93a --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00018.md @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +## 5G+TSN 联合测试床: + +## 5G Over TSN 前传网络发展及验证报告 + +## (2022 年版) + +工业互联网产业联盟 + +2023年9月 + diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00019.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00019.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..d5314dc1eda9cabc57a47a2c6cef3d7aa4186d11 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00019.md @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +## 2023年TikTok在西欧的发展趋势报告 + +该应用提供了一个价值10亿月活用户和30亿美元的机会 + +【出海广告 就选维卓】 + +关注我们,获取最新出海营销干货报告 + + + diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00020.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00020.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..d4f517df748bc11d8927bfe3fdfd6bd42e55bcad --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00020.md @@ -0,0 +1,27 @@ +## TikTok用户在西欧增长强劲,但仍落后于其他地区。 + +TikTok在西欧的用户增长与全球其他地区一样令人印象深刻,尽管在大流行期间见证的高速增长已经过去。尽管如此,该地区的用户规模仍然位于全球用户排名的较低位置。 + +· TikTok明年在西欧的用户将超过1亿用户。在我们的其他预测中,该平台在大流行最严重时看到的巨大增长正被更放缓的个位数增长所取代。尽管有这种减速,但到2026年,用户将占总人口的四分之一。 + +· 这为市场营销人员提供了一个相当大的目标受众。在我们对英国的预测中,我们发现TikTok与平台用户花费的时间Netflix持平,每天几乎一个小时。这种程度的参与度可能并不是在整个地区普遍存在的,但假设用户情绪类似,该平台应该会对希望接触到社交媒体用户的营销人员越来越感兴趣,尤其是令人垂涎的Z一代群体。 + +在西欧的TikTo用户,2020-2027年人口%变化 + + + +注:通过每月至少一次的任何设备访问其TikTok账户的互联网用户来源:Insider Intelligence | eMarketer, 2023年5月 + +· 只有中欧和东欧的用户较少。今年,TikTok将在西欧拥有9650万用户。虽然这将不会远远落后于北美的市场1.115亿美元,将大大低于拉丁美洲、中东和非洲以及亚太地区的用户数量。作为人口占人口的比例情况更好。西欧有22.4%的总人口活跃在该平台上,仅次于北美和拉丁美洲。 + +西欧是 TikTok 用户总数第二少的地区数百万用户(2023 年) + + + +注意:每月至少一次通过任何设备访问其 TikTok 帐户的互联网用户 来源:内幕情报 | 电子营销商。2023 年 5 月 + +## TikTok在该地区的普及程度在各个国家之间不均衡。 + +在西欧,有一种用户增长的双重模式。在意大利、西班牙和法国,经济增长自疫情爆发以来已经放缓。与此同时,德国和英国都将继续看到持续的增长。 + +· 英国正在以最快的速度增加用户,但德国也在保持同步增长。在疫情流行的年份,主要西欧市场普遍经历了超高速增长。从今年开始,法国、意大利和西班牙将开始以低于英国和德国的速度增加用户。2023年,这两个市场将分别增加150万用户,而其他三个市场将共增加190万用户。 diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00021.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00021.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..c5be8355871c37a880436c2862326c545f553e25 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00021.md @@ -0,0 +1,28 @@ +TikTok将在德国和英国以类似的速度增加用户,但在其他地方,增加的用户将减少数百万用户 + + + +注意:每月至少一次通过任何设备访问其 TikTok 帐户的互联网用户来源:内部人士情报 | eMarketer,2023 年 5 月 + +## TikTok仍然在Facebook和Instagram之后,差距较大。 + +西欧的社交媒体平台格局仍然在很大程度上偏向Meta旗下的社交媒体。TikTok开始逐渐迎头赶上它们,特别是Facebook,后者正在失去整体用户份额。但Facebook和Instagram的领先地位仍然稳固。 + +· TikTok已经巩固了其作为No.3在西欧的社交应用程序。由于大流行期间用户数量大幅激增,TikTok在2021年超过了Snapchat,根据我们的预测,两者之间的差距将会扩大。 + +· 这并没有以任何巨大的速度侵蚀Instagram的主导地位。在英国以外,Facebook,尤其是Instagram,都保持了更高水平的重要性;TikTok将继续远远落后于这两个平台,但当Instagram继续获得市场份额时,TikTok正在占据一些空间,尽管进展缓慢。从2023年到2027年,它的市场份额将增加1.3个百分点。 + +· 它在Facebook网站上增长得更快。与Instagram不同,Facebook实际上在西欧的市场份额正在下降。因此,TikTok将在2023年至2027年期间实现更快的增长,达到近4个百分点。 + +TikTok Is退出Snapchat,但仍落后于Facebook和Instagram 西欧用户占人口的百分比 + + + +注:每月至少一次通过任何设备访问其帐户的互联网用户来源: +内幕情报 | eMarketer,2023 年 5 月 + +· 西欧TikTok的潮流比一些地区稍微温和一些。这仍然应该是市场营销人员武器库中的一个重要考虑因素,未来的增长潜力可能会长期改变该地区的社交媒体动态。但Meta平台仍然应该是首要任务。他们对TikTok的用户渗透率要求其处于领先地位。 + +## TikTok在西欧地区具有巨大的广告潜力,但监管措施可能带来挑战。 + +根据2021年的公司文件和建模的增长率,从广告收入方面看,西欧市场对TikTok来说今年可能价值接近30亿美元,略低于美国市场的一半。 \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00022.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00022.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..867caf646ccf8b3a438aa9a80566a4d8a0358928 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00022.md @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +少建筑垃圾,降低劳动强度。还是实现传统模板材料转型升级的重要措施,更重要的是为社会节约资源,降低消耗,减少污染,为保护环境起到了积极作用,已然是我国绿色施工所倡导的建筑施工模板之一 + +## (一)2023年上半年建筑塑料模板行业总体情况 + +据中国基建物租赁承包协会统计测算,截至2023年上半年,全国建筑市场现有建筑塑料模板总量2100万平方米,环比上升1.6个百分点。建筑塑料模板产业研发设计、生产加工、租赁承包相关企业110余家,各类建筑塑料模板生产线近350条。年内全国建筑塑料模板生产销售、租赁承包收入36.1亿元,较上年同期增长1.4%。建筑塑料模板保有量稳步提升,使用量占模板市场份额的10%左右,并逐步扩大,发展更趋体系化。建筑业处于市场发展速度换挡期、体制机制改革阵痛期、产业转型升级缓冲期,高质量发展面临诸多困难:如经营创收困难、应收账款增加、资金回报周期拉长等问题,我国建筑塑料模板行业企业依然取得了来之不易的成绩,未来行业发展机遇与挑战并存。 + +## (二)2023年上半年建筑塑料模板生产企业运行发展指数走势 + +2023 年上半年建筑塑料模板生产企业运行发展指数呈现,1、2月行业经历岁末年初的季节性调整,指数低位上扬。3月为需求释放缓冲期,较2月继续走高,4月、5月指数出现汇率,6月跌落至收缩调整区间并延续至7月。2023年上半年建筑塑料模板生产企业运 diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00023.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00023.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..6529cf79bbc2163591007f012c7f789b5dddcc3c --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00023.md @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ + + +图 9 2023 年上半年企业建筑塑料模板业务涉及项目占比 + +2023 年上半年企业在建工程开工量继续减少,企业在建工程开工量增加的占比仅为 18.5%;企业在建工程开工量持平的占比为 11.1%。企业在建工程开工量减少的占比为 59.3%。2023 年上半年企业在建工程开工量占比(见图 10)。 + + + +图 10 2023 年上半年企业在建工程开工量占比 diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00024.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00024.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..d62e33d4b3104c7bf354a02390c8a59f6ec0b0b2 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00024.md @@ -0,0 +1,27 @@ +加快推进资本市场长效机制建设,优化投资者结构,引导更多中长期资金入市,有望带来国企价值重塑。 + +政策端来看,鼓励长期机构投资者入市,已经成为近年来重要的政策方向。 + +一方面,近年来政策鼓励长期机构投资者增加持股比例。2022 年 3 月 16 日,国务院金融稳定发展委员会召开专题会议强调,欢迎长期机构投资者增加持股比例。会后,中国证监会党委召开扩大会议,提出完善有利于长期机构投资者参与资本市场的制度机制,加大对公募基金等各类机构投资者的培育,鼓励长期投资、价值投资。中国银保监会提出,要充分发挥保险资金长期投资的优势,引导保险机构将更多资金配置于权益类资产。要加大权益类资管产品发行力度,支持理财公司提高权益类产品比重,保险机构发行组合类产品。 + +2022 年 4 月 21 日,证监会主席易会满召开全国社保基金和部分大型银行保险机构主要负责人座谈会。会议提出,养老金、银行保险机构和各类资管机构是资本市场最为重要的长期资金来源。一是要增强投资能力,从战略规划上重视权益投资;二是,推进落实长周期考核,强化长期投资理念;三是,发挥专业投资者功能,推动上市公司提高质量;四是,用好用足权益投资额度,进一步扩大权益投资比例,提升长期收益水平。 + +当前我国社保、保险类资金的权益类资产配置占比不高,未来存在较大提升空间。根据相关监管规定¹,我国社保基金投资于股票的比例上限为 40%,基本养老基金在股票等权益类产品的比例上限为 30%;年金基金投资权益类资产比例合计不得超过投资组合委托投资资产净值的 40%,税延养老保险资金投资股票比例不超过 45%。截至 2021 年,美国第二支柱(DC 计划)和第三支柱(IRA 计划)投向权益型共同基金的占比高达 60%,我国仍存在很大提升空间。 + +另一方面,养老金三大支柱体系有待进一步完善,二三支柱养老资金入市存在较大增量空间。2022年11月25日,我国第三支柱个人养老金制度正式启动实施,这标志着我国第三支柱养老保险建设进入一个新阶段。但目前来看,我国养老金面临“三低”困境,即养老金占GDP比例低,二三支柱占比低,养老金持股比例低。截至2021年底,我国养老基金总计为12.9万亿元,占到2021年现价GDP的11.3%。而美国三支柱养老金规模总计39万亿美元,占GDP的169%;二三支柱占比来看,截至2021年底,我国三支柱养老金内部结构占比分别为57.1%、42.9%和0.01%$^2$,而美国养老金资产三支柱占比分别为6%、58%和35%(详见图9)。我国二三支柱养老金规模存在较大增长空间。 + +图9:美国养老金结构中,以二三支柱养老金为主 + + + +资料来源:wind,光大证券研究所(数据截至2021年,年金为第一支柱,DB、DC为第二支柱,个人退休账户为第三支柱) + +图 10:美国二支柱与第三支柱投向股票型共同基金比例 + + + +资料来源:wind,光大证券研究所(数据截至2021年,单位:%,图中黄色虚线表示60%) + +$^1$https://finance.sina.com.cn/money/bank/yhpl/2023-03-03/doc-imyiqhat7670082.shtml + +² https://finance.sina.com.cn/money/bank/yhpl/2023-03-03/doc-imyiqhat7670082.shtml diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00025.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00025.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..ed18ef07c980f22566a4f276e74379f5609e9e97 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00025.md @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +## 二、五个空间:“世界一流央企”重估选股思路 + +## (一)选股视角之一:ROE修复空间 + +对标国际龙头,部分世界一流示范企具备ROE修复空间,尤其是煤炭、旅游零售、工程机械、化工等行业,对标世界一流企业行动倒逼央企价值创造。央企23年“一利五率”经营目标新增ROE指标,对标国际龙头,煤炭、旅游零售、工程机械、化工等行业的世界一流示范企与国际龙头差距相对较大。 + +表4: 世界一流示范央企国际对标表 + + + +
证券代码股票简称PB(LF)ROE (TTM,%)行业对标公司代码对标公司名称PB(LF)ROE (TTM,%)
600019.SH宝钢股份0.76材料PKX.N浦项钢铁0.610
000825.SZ太钢不锈0.71材料GEF.N格瑞夫1.622
600176.SH中国巨石2.127材料EXP.NEAGLE MATERIALS4.537
688295.SH中复神鹰7.511材料CMC.N美国工商五金公司1.534
300073.SZ当升科技2.517材料BTG.AB2GOLD1.58
601698.SH中国卫通6.05电信服务CHT.N中华电信2.610
600941.SH中国移动1.510电信服务VZ.N威瑞森电信(VERIZON)1.822
002230.SZ科大讯飞9.38信息技术PAYC.NPAYCOM SOFTWARE15.523
600845.SH宝信软件11.921信息技术
600271.SH航天信息1.86信息技术SANM.O新美亚电子1.614
601088.SH中国神华1.418能源EQNR.NEQUINOR ASA1.757
601857.SH中国石油0.810能源SHEL.N壳牌1.123
601808.SH中海油服1.82能源ENTG.O格瑞夫3.89
601888.SH中国中免7.812可选消费LVS.N金沙集团(LAS VEGAS SANDS)11.348
000625.SZ长安汽车1.912可选消费GM.N通用汽车(GENERAL MOTORS)0.813
601965.SH中国汽研4.112可选消费THO.NTHOR
INDUSTRIE
S
1.132
000617.SZ中油资本0.96金融ARCC.O阿瑞斯资本1.019
001289.SZ龙源电力2.310公用事业BEPC.NBROOKFIELD
D
RENEWABL
2.216
003816.SZ中国广核1.49公用事业
601985.SH中国核电1.511公用事业
+ diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00026.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00026.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..63464807007b16b4bf217fc6c3b495984a90c02f --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00026.md @@ -0,0 +1,62 @@ +## 中信证券研究部 + + + +明明 + +中信证券首席经济 + 学家 + +S1010517100001 + + + +华鹏伟 + +电力设备与新能源 +行业首席分析师 + +S1010521010007 + + + +敖翀 + +金属行业首席 +分析师 + +S1010515020001 + + + +薛缘 + +食品饮料行业首席 +分析师 + +S1010514080007 + +## 重点推荐 + +## 债市启明系列—二季度信用市场期待与展望 + +固定收益 | 2022 年末债市调整为 2023 年信用市场打开配置空间后, 信用市场在一季度也如期完成抢跑, 信用利差整体下行, 融资情绪明显回暖。而迈入二季度, 市场心态呈现多空拉锯的态势, 既有行情延续的期待, 也有防范市场回调的谨慎。除此之外, 融资端能否延续回暖表现, 债基监管指引又将如何影响市场, 违约风险是否有蔓延趋势, 种种疑问将影响二季度信用市场走势, 我们也将在文中逐一进行拆解。 + +## 电力设备及新能源行业储能行业专题四—兼具清洁性与灵活性,政策支持空间开启 + +电力设备及新能源 | 光热发电兼具发电和储能特性,满足灵活性能源需求,叠加政策驱动,预计 “十四五” 期间快速开启规模化发展。光热产业链国产化较高,主要成本来自于太阳岛(含聚光系统和吸热系统),我们预计光热行业规模化发展将带动产业链降本和效率提高。结合风光大基地在火电、抽蓄基础上配置辅助性灵活能源需求,预计 “十四五” 期间开启快速增长新增装机规模 4-5GW,对应 640-800 亿 EPC 市场空间。 + +## 金属行业工业金属专题报告—经济复苏主线下工业金属迎来配置机遇 + +金属 | 全球流动性拐点来临以及制造业 PMI 的 “V 型反转” 预期利好工业金属价格上行。我们预计地产消费复苏和电力投资保持高景气将成为 2023 年工业金属需求的两大核心驱动因素。“中国特色估值体系” 和 “国企改革” 双重主题下,工业金属板块估值水平有望抬升。看好经济复苏主线下工业金属板块的配置机遇,推荐云铝股份、紫金矿业、洛阳钼业、金诚信、云南铜业和神火股份,建议关注中国铝业、中国有色矿业和中国黄金国际等。 + +## 食品饮料行业餐饮供应链深度系列报告—从锅圈申请上市,看 C 端预制食材发展未来 + +食品饮料 | 2023 年 4 月 3 日,锅圈食品递交港股上市申请书,为我们提供了更多 C 端预制食材数据和视角。本篇报告立足 C 端预制食材市场,重点阐述:1. 锅圈食品的过去、现在和未来发展探讨;2. C 端预制食材发展特点和渠道演变;3. 结合日本经验,看中国 C 端预制食材发展的短期节奏和长期趋势。 + +证券研究报告 + +具体分析内容(包括相关风险提示等)详见后文, + +请务必阅读正文之后第 18 页起的免责条款和声明 + diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00027.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00027.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..df58043c4a0777fece0e3407fb0c883fce13c495 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00027.md @@ -0,0 +1,27 @@ +图表38:美国养老金及保险机构直接持有中资股规模有限 + + + +资料来源:FactSet,中金公司研究部 + +图表 39:美国共同基金资金来源中养老金计划占比超半数 + + + +资料来源:ICI,中金公司研究部 + +## #2 私人部门投资:持仓主要集中在媒体娱乐及零售,硬科技敞口有限 + +私人部门整体持仓较高,但不排除涉及到特定行业或个股;当前持仓更多集中在媒体娱乐、零售等板块,硬科技敞口有限。如上文测算,美国投资者当前更多持仓集中在媒体娱乐、零售板块(如阿里巴巴、腾讯、拼多多等),硬科技相关敞口较为有限。例如,美国投资者持有半导体板块中资股(以MSCI指数为例)仅占其持有全部中资股的0.9%,约75亿美元。资金流向上看,2022年下半年以来专注于投资中国科技板块股票型基金主要以本土资金为主。 + +图表 40:2022 年下半年以来专注于投资中国科技板块股票型基金主要以本土资金为主 + + + +资料来源:EPFR,中金公司研究部 + +图表 41:美国投资者持有半导体行业中资股(以 MSCI 指数为例)仅约 75 亿美元 + + + +资料来源:FactSet,中金公司研究部(数据截至2023年3月31日) diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00028.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00028.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..63d4ca83fa411052e2bfbf9405425c854dc7639c --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00028.md @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +图5:本周北上交易盘净卖出 TMT、宁组合,净买入资源+重资产国企 + + + +资料来源:wind,民生证券研究院 + +图6:本周北上配置盘净卖出 TMT,净买入资源+重资产国企、宁组合 + + + +资料来源:wind,民生证券研究院 + +图7:公募基金复权净值持续跑赢中证800等权指数超过30% + + + +资料来源:wind,民生证券研究院 + +## 2、国内:底部与“结构分化” + +中国一季度经济总量数据表现亮眼,但结构上仍然存在分化。当下劳动力18-24岁失业率正逼近前期高点,我们可能正接近的真实的周期性经济底部,而不是此前因为疫情爬坑带来的“弱复苏”。此时看空中国经济已无实质性必要,可以对未来基本面更具信心。但是不可否认的是,以地产——资产收入驱动的消费模式似乎一去不复返,中国一季度GDP表现超预期,尤其是社零同比表现亮眼,其中微观上民间消费、县域消费更像是经济的内生力量,而不 + diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00029.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00029.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..babbb966d17e37e486d7d185665198c2fdcd3098 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00029.md @@ -0,0 +1,123 @@ + +## AI 系列:AI 赋能数字人变数智人,丰富应用场景加速落地 + +## 核心观点 + +● 虚拟数字人产业规模为千亿级别,行业尚处发展早期。虚拟数字人最早起源于影视行业,后逐渐拓展到泛娱乐、电商、营销、企业服务等多领域,目前仍旧处于发展初期阶段。虚拟数字人的产业链主要分为:基础层(虚拟人所需基础硬件、软件提供商)、平台层(提供虚拟人制作和开发能力的技术服务商,参与者包括AI厂商、互联网大厂、虚拟技术解决方案提供商)、应用层(即在泛娱乐、电商、金融、文旅等垂类的应用)。根据“量子位”的预测,2023年我国虚拟数字人的市场规模有望达到2700亿元。 + +● AI 技术突破,虚拟数字人进入新发展阶段,由“数字人”变成“数智人”,交互能力上台阶。人工智能技术贯穿虚拟数字人的建模、渲染、生成、驱动等全部环节,近期 AIGC 的技术突破,一方面使数字人的制作成本降低、制作周期缩短、门槛降低;另一方面,多模态 AI 技术将使得数字人的交互能力更上台阶,思想决策和语言输出更接近真人(不再只是数字“皮囊”,叠加了智能的“灵魂”)。目前微软、百度、腾讯、抖音等各大平台已经开始提供相关数字人服务,总结各家平台提供的解决方案,可推测后续虚拟数字人的落地形态主要有:播报型数字人(基于文本生成视频,提升内容生成效率)、交互型数字人(应用场景广泛,涵盖 B 端和 C 端)、智能语音助手(可搭载于 IoT 设备)等。 + +● 低成本的虚拟数字人解决方案逐步进入市场,受众范围有望快速扩大。此前数字人的制作、运营成本高,因此主要受众为大型企业、机构。而随着技术数字人的技术逐渐标准化、模块化,除了满足大型客户的定制化需求,面对中小商户的标准化数字人解决方案也逐步出现,使用价格大幅降低。例如“万兴播爆”提供的数字人短视频播报服务年费仅千元级别;“腾讯智影”提供的数字人SaaS工具,年花费万元就可实现定制化形象、声音数字人的生成,4月腾讯智影即将上线“千元级别,包月使用”的数字人直播解决方案。 + +● 虚拟数字人的应用场景丰富(电商、营销、泛娱乐、企业服务等),预计近期落地加速。在数字人的制作成本降低、交互能力提升的背景下,虚拟人的应用快速铺开:1)在电商领域,万兴科技提供的数字人播报服务可帮助商家快速生成带货短视频;而在直播方面,目前已有商家在抖音平台使用2D超写实数字人进行直播带货,单日成本仅百元级别。2)营销领域,过去2-3年,虚拟人品牌代言、企业专属虚拟形象定制的服务已逐步成熟,预计随着数字人交互能力的提升,数字人将参与到营销领域的更多环节;3)金融、政务、文旅等企业的数字员工:目前已有公司提供AI数字人产品,可基于企业私有数据生成小模型,使数字人的服务能力更有针对性、更适配垂类应用。 + +## 投资建议与投资标的 + +AI 赋能虚拟数字人使用门槛降低、交互效果改善,建议关注产业链细分赛道投资机会。 + +1)虚拟数字人解决方案提供商:天娱数科(002354,未评级)、捷成股份(300182,未评级)、天地在线(002995,未评级); + +2)头部达人直播电商机构:遥望科技(002291,未评级)、东方甄选(01797,买入)、世纪睿科(01450,未评级); + +3)布局数字人业务的电商营销/代运营:蓝色光标(300058,未评级)、值得买(300785,买入)、浙文互联(600986,未评级)、三人行(605168,未评级); + +3)跨境电商:华凯易佰(300592,未评级)、焦点科技(002315,未评级)、吉宏股份(002803,未评级)。 + +风险提示 AIGC 技术升级速度慢于预期,虚拟数字人应用落地速度不及预期 + +## 行业评级 看好(维持) + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
国家/地区中国
行业传媒行业
报告发布日期2023年04月26日
+ + + +## 证券分析师 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
项雯倩021-63325888*6128
xiangwenqian@orientsec.com.cn
执业证书编号:S0860517020003
香港证监会牌照:BQP120
吴丛露wuconglu@orientsec.com.cn
执业证书编号:S0860520020003
香港证监会牌照:BJQ931
李雨琪021-63325888-3023
liyuqi@orientsec.com.cn
执业证书编号:S0860520050001
香港证监会牌照:BQP135
詹博021-63325888*3209
zhanbo@orientsec.com.cn
执业证书编号:S0860521110001
崔凡平021-63325888*6065
cuifanping@orientsec.com.cn
执业证书编号:S0860521050003
+ +## 相关报告. + +教育 AI 应用场景广泛,国内有望加速推进:——教育行业跟踪点评 2023-04-24 + +亚运会有望催化电竞游戏用户进一步增长 2023-04-21 + +AI 跟踪:AI 数字人应用落地加速,相关产业政策跟进 2023-04-21 diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00030.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00030.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..ad29395df2511b6ee7de3340734be26f9030ad86 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00030.md @@ -0,0 +1,62 @@ +图 5:个人住房贷款利率领先地产销售 1-2 个季度 + + + +资料来源:Wind、国泰君安期货研究 + +图6:地产销售领先地产投资6-9个月 + + + +资料来源:Wind、国泰君安期货研究 + +## 1.2 逆周期政策从退出到回归 + +从外生性因素来看,由于政策面认为今年宏观经济趋稳,故政策面强调高质量发展,政策重心向科技转型,产业升级倾斜。对比2022年公共卫生事件严峻时期的稳增长政策,包括地产三支箭、政策性开发性金融工具等,今年均毫无踪迹。 + +图 7:5 月,虽然经济走弱,但逆周期政策依然不见踪影,政策发力点集中在调结构、促转型方面 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
日期内容
2023/5/5习近平主持召开二十届中央财经委员会第一次会议强调,加快建设以实体经济为支撑的现代化产业体系,推动传统产业转型升级,不能当成“低端产业”简单退出;以人口高质量发展支撑中国式现代化。
2023/5/5李强主持召开国务院常务会议,审议通过关于加快发展先进制造业集群的意见,部署加快建设充电基础设施 更好支持新能源汽车下乡和乡村振兴。
2023/5/8科技部与国资委召开工作会商会议:坚决打赢关键核心技术攻坚战。科技部与国务院国资委召开工作会商会议,共同深入学习贯彻习近平总书记关于科技创新的重要论述,贯彻落实党中央、国务院决策部署,共同研究政策措施,支持推动中央企业建设科技领军企业,强化国家战略科技力量。
2023/5/10习近平在河北雄安新区考察并主持召开高标准高质量推进雄安新区建设座谈会时强调,坚定信心保持定力,稳扎稳打善作善成,推动雄安新区建设不断取得新进展。
2023/5/11国资委:指导推动中央企业加大在新一代信息技术、人工智能、集成电路、工业母机等战略性新兴产业布局力度
2023/5/12发改委:加快发展数字经济 支持平台企业在引领发展、创造就业、国际竞争中大显身手
2023/5/12发改委:综合施策释放消费潜力 稳定汽车、电子产品、住房等大宗消费
2023/5/17两部门:支持农村地区购买使用新能源汽车 提供多元化购买支持政策
2023/5/18李强:采取更有针对性措施扩内需稳外需,努力推动经济运行持续回升向好
2023/5/19国常会:研究落实建设全国统一大市场部署总体工作方案和近期举措
2023/5/23习近平主持召开二十届中央审计委员会第一次会议,强调发挥审计在推进党的自我革命中的独特作用,进一步推进新时代审计工作高质量发展
2023/5/29中共中央政治局5 月29 日下午就建设教育强国进行第五次集体学习。习近平在主持学习时强调,建设教育强国,龙头是高等教育。要把加快建设中国特色、世界一流的大学和优势学科作为重中之重,大力加强基础学科、新兴学科、交叉学科建设,瞄准世界科技前沿和国家重大战略需求推进科研创新,不断提升原始创新能力和人才培养质量
+ +资料来源:公开资料整理、国泰君安期货研究 + +政策已进入新一轮宽松。由于国内经济数据表现疲软,加上结构性失业率回升的因素,例如2023年5月,16-24岁青年失业率升至20.8%的高位,延续了自2019年下半年以来持续上行的趋势。市场对政策宽松的呼声也在加大。最终,从5月底开始,政策面出现重心向稳增长重新倾斜的信号。 diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00031.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00031.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..1b4de6e82fe3a81639bf93b238c9dd15c7646052 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00031.md @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +## 国内供需正在确立新的平衡点 + +## 显微镜下的中国经济(2023年第23期)定期报告 + +6月指标整体结束此前快速下滑的状态,价格高频指标领先供给高频指标企稳回升,这既是国内经济环比筑底的信号,也是供需确立新平衡点的信号。无论短期内有无政策,国内经济都将重回复苏区间。 + +☐ 6月最后一周的高频数据显示国内经济仍处于环比增速的底部区域,继续恶化的可能性进一步下降。从供给侧高频数据看,开工率略有改善,产能利用率形势保持稳定,产量有所回升。从需求侧价格高频数据看,除水泥等相关产品价格继续下跌之外,与投资相关的重化工业品价格的改善时点领先于供给侧高频数据。 + +☐ 消费相关高频数据显示,人员出行数据过去一周大幅改善。9大城市地铁客流量再次回到3.9亿人次的高位区间,国内民航班机架次继续回升,显著高于去年同期水平。上周房地产销售数据明显回暖,但从二手房挂牌价及挂牌量数据看,房地产销售改善持续性可能有限。二季度央行城镇储户调查问卷显示,愿意更多消费的储户占比较1季度提升1.3个百分点至24.5%,这是疫情以来的第三高水平。 + +☐ 总之,我们认为不能简单地线性外推下半年经济形势,高频数据和领先指标PMI在6月均传递出经济边际不再恶化的信号。目前的问题在于,6月经济环比增速企稳后,何时环比增速再次上升。这个问题的答案不在政策博弈,而在准确判断经济运行所处的位置。制造业PMI、工业企业盈利数据均显示,国内经济正处于主动去库向被动去库的过渡期,主要动力在于消费-服务业链条,而投资-制造业链条对经济拖累也在下降。供给高频数据触底而价格高频数据提前回升表明当前国内供需正在确立新的平衡点。 + +☐ 风险提示:疫情形势超预期、地缘政治风险、全球衰退及主要经济体货币政策超预期。 + +## 定期报告 + +张一平 S1090513080007 + +zhangyiping@cmschina.com.cn + +张静静 S1090522050003 + +zhangjingjing@cmschina.com.cn diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00032.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00032.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..43b08e44b90113e0a3b9fb4e853d9a312f9e3888 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00032.md @@ -0,0 +1,75 @@ +## 人民币汇率分析框架(一) +# 资金流动视角看汇率 +2023年07月03日 + +汇率研究看似虚无缥缈,实际上也是有迹可循的,我们从三个问题出发: + +首先,汇率本质是外汇资金供需的结果,但是国际收支能否完全反映真实的外汇供需?其次,汇率实际是金融市场交易的结果,那么人民币汇率是如何形成的?最后,如果汇率是经济基本面的反映,那么汇率是否可能脱离经济基本面运行?为解答以上的问题,并提供一个可以跟踪的汇率分析框架,本文将是我们人民币汇率分析框架的第一篇。本篇将解释国际收支研究框架为何失效,并尝试从资金流动视角,搭建境内外汇流动框架。 + +## 国际收支不等于资金流动 + +传统研究框架中,往往将一国国际收支等同于资金跨境流动的情况,但是国际收支统计并不完全等同于资金流动,其背后逻辑是,国际收支的统计基础较为简单,以居民与非居民为标准进行统计,但实际资金活动复杂程度远高于此。 + +既然国际收支并不能提供有效的资金流动信息,那么如何才能构建资金流动性的完整图景?答案是跟踪跨境资金流动+跟踪央行的行为。 + +## 影响境内外汇流动性的核心变量是跨境资金流动 + +与国际收支下顺逆差的视角不同,境内外资金流动性实际上在收付款环节就已经发送变动。以企业收汇为例,无论企业结汇与否,这笔美元均进入了境内,企业与商业银行结汇后,这笔外汇所有权由企业转移到银行。 + +所以跨境资金收付数据能很好的体现实际跨境资金流动情况。接下来,我们来分析跨境收付数据展示的,当前中国跨境资金流动的现状。 + +## 中国跨境资金流动特征:银行部门规模小于非银,非银部门仍由贸易主导 + +跨境资金流动的特征与一国产业结构、融资模式以及居民偏好相关。 + +中国银行业在国际金融体系中的影响力并不与中国经济在全球中的地位匹配,当前中国银行部门跨境资金流动规模小于非银部门。 + +当前非银部门跨境资金流动呈现三个特点: + +首先,中国作为贸易大国,货物贸易也自然而然成为了非银部门跨境资金是第一大净流入分项。 + +其次,海外对中国的直接投资一直是企业资金重要来源,但中国企业较少在海外进行债务融资,直接投资是非银部门资金净流入的第二大来源。 + +最后,证券投资、服务贸易、初次收入和二次收入是非银部门跨境资金净流出项。 + +## 除跨境资金流动外,央行可以调节境内外汇流动性 + +除银行和非银部门活动产生跨境资金流动,影响境内外流动性外。央行也可以通过与银行进行交易,扮演外汇流动性调节的角色,调节境内外汇资金平衡。当前央行不一定与商业银行进行结售汇活动,但一旦商业银行与央行结汇,相当于这笔美元流动性从银行和非银部门流出,反之亦然。 + +## 贸易活动仍是影响人民币汇率的核心因素 + +跨境资金流动的特征决定了当前外汇市场需求较为单一,且外汇市场深度有限等原因,导致银行间外汇市当前主要受客盘结售汇驱动,而客盘结售汇力量主要来自于非银部门的贸易活动,所以当前贸易活动仍是影响汇率的核心因素。 + +## 风险提示:汇率政策超预期,海外货币政策超预期 + +## 2023年07月03日 + + + +分析师 周君芝 + +执业证书:S0100521100008 + +电话:15601683648 + +邮箱: zhoujunzhi@mszq.com + +研究助理 吴彬 + +执业证书:S0100121120007 + +电话:15171329250 + +邮箱: wubin@mszq.com + +## 相关研究 + +1. 全球大类资产跟踪周报:情绪边际修复-2023/07/02 + +2.人民币汇率点评:汇率贬值或已超调-2023/06/30 + +3.2023 年 H2 宏观经济展望:融冰-2023/06/28 + +4.2023 年 H2 宏观指标预测:寻找大变量-2023/06/28 + +5. 全球大类资产跟踪周报:再起变数-2023/06/25 diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00033.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00033.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..8d0e7cd1f90397c6b6a5775702fbcd904741dafc --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00033.md @@ -0,0 +1,40 @@ +## 【今日焦点】 + +## 海外市场:海外策略 + +## 中美均面临关键窗口期 海外资产配置月报(2023-7) + +综合判断,面对美国 7 月核心通胀低基数的噪音和中国关键政策窗口的验证期,我们认为 7 月全球市场可能仍处于震荡局面,维持当前配置按兵不动“以不变应万变”或是最优选。只不过,美国越过 7 月后核心通胀更快的回落阶段可以使美股/美债如果出现回调可以再介入,而中国市场若无实际宽信用抓手出现若短期反弹较高则可适当“落袋为安”。黄金经过前期回调后进入再配置区间,但更大空间恐怕还需多些耐心。 + +**刘刚,分析员,SAC执业证书编号S0080512030003,SFC CE Ref:AVH867;李赫民,分析员,SAC执业证书编号 + +S0080522070008,SFC CE Ref: BQG067;杨萱庭,联系人,SAC 执业证书编号 S0080122080405 + +https://research.cicc.com/report/pdf/1135590-1 + +## 农产品:大宗商品 + +## 全球生物燃料系列·中国篇:方兴未艾,但谨慎乐观 + +中国坚持立足国内保障粮食基本自给自足的方针,将粮食安全视为国家安全的重要基础,这决定了我们不能像欧美国家一样用大量玉米、油料等来发展生物能源,因此如何因地制宜地发展生物燃料至关重要。本篇报告是全球生物燃料系列的最后一篇,我们在分析了美国、欧洲、东南亚之后,将目光重新聚焦中国,在政策梳理的基础上,总结当前发展现状和问题,最后我们从UCO出口前景与航空煤油发展机遇两个市场最为关注话题提出新的思考。 + +$^{**}$陈雷,联系人,SAC执业证书编号S0080122030114;庞雨辰,联系人,SAC执业证书编号S0080122080153;李林惠,联系人, + +SAC 执业证书编号 S0080122070072;郭朝辉,分析员,SAC 执业证书编号 S0080513070006,SFC CE Ref: BBU524 + +https://research.cicc.com/report/pdf/1135622-1 + +## 科技硬件:观点聚焦 + +## 消费电子 2023 下半年展望:温和恢复,关注 AI 创新机遇 + +展望 2H23,我们认为温和恢复和关注 AI 创新将成为消费电子行业的主题:短期来看,手机市场安卓产业链库存出清走出底部,新兴市场长期增长潜力待挖掘,关注行业盈利能力改善空间及 iPhone15 创新机遇;长期来看,AI 将深刻改变人机交互模式,驱动智能终端及其产业链创新性变革。我们维持覆盖公司原有盈利预测、评级及目标价不变。风险提示:中美贸易摩擦,宏观经济低迷及疫情影响消费者需求,AIoT 渗透率低。 + +**贾顺鹤,分析员,SAC执业证书编号S0080522060002,SFC CE Ref: BTN002;温晗静,分析员,SAC执业证书编号S0080521070003,SFC CE Ref: BSJ666;李澄宁,分析员,SAC执业证书编号S0080522050003,SFC CE Ref: BSM544;黄天擎,分析员,SAC执业证书编号S0080523060005,SFC CE Ref: BTL932;曹佳桐,联系人,SAC执业证书编号S0080122010081;查玉洁,联系人,SAC执业证书编号S0080122120012;彭虎,分析员,SAC执业证书编号S0080521020001,SFC CE Ref: BRE806 +https://research.cicc.com/report/pdf/1135506-1 + +## 银行:观点聚焦 + +## 资产负债表“衰退”了吗? + +我们认为“资产负债表衰退”理论并不适用于解释中国居民和企业较弱的信贷需求,投资回报预期而非资产负债结构是关键因素;与日本接近0%的经济增速、贷款增速和利率水平不同,估算中国“2035目标”隐含7%左右的长期名义GDP增速和银行7%以上的资产增速,为保持稳定的内生资本补充银行有必要保持最低10%的长期ROE和1.6%左右的净息差下限,盈利预期稳定的条件下银行股权具有长期投资价值。 diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00034.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00034.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..8c68e5e608ec13215f0ad885e167b8554df43b3e --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00034.md @@ -0,0 +1,31 @@ +## 供需宽松格局未改,动力煤价格中枢下移 + +## ---2023 年下半年动力煤期货行情展望 + +金韬 + +投资咨询从业资格号:Z0002982 +jintao013139@gtjas.com + +刘豫武(联系人) 从业资格号:F03108195 +liuyuwu025832@gtjas.com + +## 报告导读: + +我们的观点: + +展望 2023 下半年,我们预计动力煤价格将延续弱势格局。需求方面,总用电需求增速维持稳定,同比增量有限。供应方面,在保供稳价的大背景下,国内原煤供应维持高位,电厂库存显著高于往年同期水平,电厂补库意愿较差。从海外来看,随着海外煤炭价格下行,进口煤对沿海电厂冲击明显,动力煤价格中枢继续下移。 + +我们的逻辑: + +需求方面,总用电需求增速维持稳定,同比增量有限。从用电结构来看,水电受降水量的影响下半年发电情况存在不确定性,但太阳能、风能、核电等新型能源发电量的持续发力,使其占总发电量的占比逐步上升,对火电形成替代。对于非电行业而言,钢铁、建材及化工用煤需求受到终端需求改善力度相对有限的制约,对煤炭需求增量不足。 + +供应方面,供给端延续宽松格局。国内供应端,保供稳价政策仍在持续发力,晋陕蒙主产区煤炭产量维持高位运行,终端库存端,电厂煤炭库存显著高于往年同期水平,电厂补库意愿薄弱。从进口来看,随着海外煤炭价格下行,进口煤对沿海电厂冲击明显,进口煤和国内煤存在价格竞争,使得国内煤价进一步承压,动力煤价格中枢继续下移。 + +结论及投资展望: + +从 2023 下半年价格波动来看,预计秦皇岛港口动力煤 5500 大卡价格核心波动区间为 650-1000 元/吨。 + +关注的风险点:宏观政策刺激需求激增将打破区间上沿,系统性的金融风险将打穿区间的下沿。 + +请务必阅读正文之后的免责条款部分 \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00035.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00035.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..4101729de9cad9097b45cf25d96252918e25588e --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00035.md @@ -0,0 +1,67 @@ +## 2023 国家医保目录调整工作开始,关注中药新药及独家品种 + +## 相关研究: + +1. 《中药材GAP实施,有望从源头推进行业高质量发展》20230621 + +2.《全国中成药集采落地,降价幅度符合市场预期》20230629 + +## 行业评级:增持 + +近十二个月行业表现 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
%1 个月3 个月12 个月
相对收益-4419
绝对收益-5-37
+ +注:相对收益与沪深300相比 + +分析师:许雯 + +证书编号:S0500517110001 + +Tel: 021-50293534 + +Email: xw3315@xcsc.com + +地址:上海市浦东新区银城路88号 +中国人寿金融中心10楼 + +## 核心要点: + +## ☐ 上周中药Ⅱ上涨1.88%,涨幅位居子行业第三 + +上周医药生物报收8565.25点,上涨1.05%;中药Ⅱ报收7820.84点,上涨1.88%;化学制药报收10482.17点,上涨2.23%;生物制品报收7642.95点,上涨0.88%;医药商业报收6360.58点,上涨2.75%;医疗器械报收7389.72点,上涨0.57%;医疗服务报收6749.65点,下跌1.78%。子行业中涨幅最大的是医药商业,跌幅最大的是医疗服务,中药板块涨幅位居第三。2023年以来表现最好的是中药板块,累计涨幅达9.08%。 + +从公司表现来看,表现居前的公司有:嘉应制药、东阿阿胶、西藏药业、大理药业、*ST太安;表现靠后的公司有:华神科技、方盛制药、太极集团、寿仙谷、华润三九。 + +## ☐ 上周中药 PE(ttm)31.05X,PB(lf)2.86X + +上周中药板块 PE 为 31.05X,近一年 PE 最大值为 33.61X,最小值为 17.27X;当前 PB 为 2.86X,近一年 PB 最大值为 3.11X,最小值为 2.22X,中药板块相对沪深 300 估值溢价率为 165.8%,仍具备一定估值优势,且政策支持与业绩向好为中药行业提供了安全边际。 + +## ☐ 多品类中药材价格上涨拉动价格总指数上行 + +上周中药材价格总指数为 254.08 点,较前一周上涨 1.4 个百分点,从十二个中药材大类看,呈现出 10 涨 2 跌,树脂类药材价格指数涨幅继续居首。目前中药材市场行情稳定,多个品类价格上涨拉动总指数上行,预计后期价格指数有望继续小幅走高。 + +## ☐ 2023 年国家医保目录调整工作开始,关注中药新药及独家品种 + +6月29日国家医保局发布《2023年国家基本医疗保险、工伤保险和生育保险药品目录调整工作方案》及申报指南的公告,2023年医保目录申报工作于7月1日开启,也意味着新版医保目录调整工作正式开始。2023年医保目录调整的变化主要体现在三个方面,即申报条件、调整程序和强化监督。在申报条件方面,对药品获批和修改适应症的时间要求进行了顺延,2018年1月1日至2023年6月30日期间修改适应症或功能主治发生重大变化的药品可主动申报调整,对纳入《鼓励仿制药品目录》、《鼓励研发申报儿童药品清单》的药品以及罕见病治疗用药不设置获批时间。从近年来医保目录调整的结果看,2019年以来医保目录谈判的成功率不断走高(由2019年的58.8%提升至2022年的82.3%),价格降幅基本稳定在60%左右,儿童用药及罕见病用药的受重视程度日益提高,对中成药的扩容也在持续推进,谈判成功的药品从上市到纳入医保的时间已缩短至1-2年。进入医保目录带来的院端放量值得关注,建议重点关注中药新药及独家品种的医保目录谈判及调整情况。 + +## ☐ 投资策略:关注增量为行业带来的增长空间 + +在利好政策支持下,我们继续看好中药行业,维持行业“增持”评级。看好中药行业大逻辑不变的基础上,建议关注行业增量变化:首先,行业有 diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00036.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00036.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..144c2064c44a723d6836fee5c8af6d59008ca8ae --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00036.md @@ -0,0 +1,97 @@ +## 箱板瓦楞:库存去至低位,价格企稳,观察后期需求变化 + +## 供给端:山鹰100万吨新增产能已释放,23H2玖龙、太阳仍有新增产能规划;进口纸同样带来供给冲击 + +- 23年箱板瓦楞新增有效产能预计同比增长2.5% + +- 23年1月开始取消进口纸关税,23年1-5月箱板瓦楞纸进口量同比+43%;国内再生箱板纸价格已降至接近进口箱板纸,进口纸价可能对国内纸价存在压制 + +## 需求端与消费联系紧密,缓慢恢复;南方市场需求差于北方市场,出口订单恶化 + +- 23Q1/2箱板纸价格环比-5%/-7%(-216/-317元/吨),瓦楞纸价格环比-6%/-9%(-195/-278元/吨) + +## 原材料:国废跟随纸价下跌,美废22H2以来持续降价;国内纸厂通过木浆、木纤维等原材料进行替代,中长期国废价格预期回落 + +箱板瓦楞纸及国废价格均处于历史低位 + + +23年箱板纸进口量明显增加 + + +纸厂库存从22Q2高位持续回落 + + +箱板瓦楞纸新增产能梳理(万吨) +
企业名称产品产能预计投产时间
山鹰纸业(吉林)瓦楞纸302023年底
吉林恒源纸业瓦楞纸152023年
四川华侨凤凰纸业瓦楞纸402023年
湖北金凤凰纸业瓦楞纸152023年2月
德州泰鼎新材料科技瓦楞纸102023年6月
山东合创新材料瓦楞纸202023年4月
山西强伟纸业瓦楞纸202023年10月
合计150
+ +
企业名称产品产能 预计投产时间
玖龙纸业(沈阳)箱板纸602023 年5 月
玖龙纸业(北海)高档牛卡纸802023Q4
浙江山鹰纸业箱板纸422023 年2 月
浙江山鹰纸业箱板纸352023H2
浙江金励纸业箱板纸252023 年6-7 月
南宁太阳PM2 箱板纸502023 年8 月
南宁太阳PM3 箱板纸502023 年9 月
湖北荣成再生科技箱板纸352023 年
合计377
+ +箱板瓦楞纸供需平衡表 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
纸种项目20192020202120222023E
箱板瓦楞纸产能(万吨)71237307732676667855
产量(万吨)4609.84847.34956.14779.44950.3
产量增速3%5%2%-3.6%3.6%
开工率65%66%68%62%63%
进口量(万吨)376.7800.1701.5602.6700.0
出口量(万吨)12.012.213.014.614.6
消费量(万吨)4974.55635.25644.55367.45635.8
消费量增速4%13%0%-5%5.0%
+ diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00037.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00037.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..b737e61a4f64870ae44d09ff4f55be56b8bcff28 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00037.md @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ +工业生产有所修复,中下游开工率多数回升。上周全钢胎/半钢胎开工率分别为 69.9%/59.2%,周环变化-0.1%/+1.7%,较 2019 年同期下滑 2.7%/19.1%;PTA 工厂/聚酯工厂/江浙织机开工率分别为 80.6%/90.8%/62.6%,周环比变化 0.0%/+0.4%/+2.2%,较 2019 年同期变化 -14.6%/+0.5%/-14.4%;用于包装、隔热材料的苯乙烯/聚苯乙烯开工率分别为 69.0%/59.2%,周环比变化 +1.2%/-0.3%,较 2019 年同期下滑 15.2%/15.1%。 + +图 19: 钢胎/全钢胎开工率周环比变化-0.1%/1.7% + + + +数据来源:Wind,国泰君安证券研究 + +图 20: PTA/聚酯/织机开工环比 0.0%/+0.4%/+2.2% + + + +数据来源:Wind,国泰君安证券研究 + +图 21: 苯乙烯/聚苯乙烯开工周环比变化+1.2%/-0.3% + + + +数据来源:Wind,国泰君安证券研究 + +图 22: 热卷社库周环比回升 3.0% + + + +数据来源:Wind,国泰君安证券研究 + +## 2.2.3. 企业活动:企业招聘意愿边际修复,新增招聘帖数环比回升 + +企业招聘意愿边际修复,新增招聘帖数环比回升。上周新增招聘贴数周环比回升11.4%,约为19、21-22年同期均值的37.2%。金融地产/商品消费/服务消费/TMT/上游资源/中游制造行业上市公司招聘贴数周环比上升23.1%/11.0%/13.8%/4.2%/7.7%/9.2%。 diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00038.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00038.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..9b04d7eec8855849af9ca4eba2ae590171e73ef6 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00038.md @@ -0,0 +1,26 @@ +## 煤炭行业:低估值煤炭板块,在“中特估”加持下,有望充分受益 + + + + + + + + + + + + +
2023年7月6日
看好/维持
煤炭行业报告
分析师曹奕丰 电话:021-25102904邮箱:caoyf _ yjs@dxxzq.net.cn执业证书编号:S1480519050005
研究助理莫文娟 电话:010-66555574邮箱:mwj882004@163.com执业证书编号:S1480122080006
+ +## 投资摘要: + +纵观煤炭行业发展历程:总体周期属性明显,近期周期属性弱化。一、复盘动力煤煤价20年的发展情况,煤炭价格、指数波动周期属性明显。二、2022年煤炭行业周期属性弱化,股价与煤价关联性降低。近期的限价政策平稳煤价波动和地缘冲突弱化煤炭周期属性。与此同时,“双碳”政策和煤炭企业高分红特点限制煤炭产能扩张,产能周期或将无法顺利开启。 + +从资本市场角度来看,目前煤炭板块估值被严重低估。当前煤炭板块处于高盈利阶段,但 PE 仍远低于历史低点,煤炭板块价值被严重低估。煤炭板块 PB 亦低于 2005 年低点。就目前的情况来看,煤炭板块有望突破低估值困境:目前煤炭板块增长幅度较煤炭行业归母净利润增长幅度仍有差距,煤炭板块估值持续低位;长协政策稳定煤炭价格,未来煤炭板块盈利的稳定性,有助于改善行业低估值情况。能源安全背景下,煤炭绿色开发与清洁高效利用已经加速,盈利有望维持在高水平,价值或将被逐步发现。 + +“中特估”概念修复市场估值结构不均衡,煤炭行业有望充分受益。中特估的核心在于解决A股市场估值结构不均衡的问题。“高盈利,低估值,高分红”公司在构建中国特色估值体系,实现内在价值与市场价值进行匹配的过程中估值修复的机会可能更大。“双碳”政策下,煤炭能源企业的四种转型路径有望为企业带来业绩+估值双提升可能。 + +投资建议:我们认为 2023 年板块投资逻辑主要在需求端,我们看好疫情政策放开后煤炭需求的恢复;长协政策稳定煤炭价格,当前煤价不具备再大幅下行的基础。对于股票而言,我们认为当前煤炭板块价值被严重低估,无论是 PE 还是 PB 都处在低点位置;煤炭企业的高盈利高分红高股息率也有望持续。此外,煤炭产能扩张意愿不受限制未来煤炭供给数量,后期煤价有超预期上涨的可能。“中国特色估值体系”对煤炭板块也存在利多因素,上市煤企多为央国企,且持续高盈利高分红低估值,煤炭股具备提估值基础的可能。销售结构稳定且高分红的可能受益标的:中国神华、陕西煤业。能源转型可能受益标的:华阳股份、美锦能源(含转债)、电投能源、永泰能源。海外及非电煤弹性可能受益标的:兖矿能源、兰花科创、山煤国际。 + +风险提示:宏观经济复苏程度不及预期,行业内国企改革不及预期,行业面临有效需求不足,煤价波动不及预期的风险。 \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00039.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00039.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..765689c47d90b7c14025bd11cbb8bac25fdc4480 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00039.md @@ -0,0 +1,138 @@ +# 晨会集萃 + +制作:产品中心 + +## 重点推荐 + +《固收|逆周期因子运用和债券市场有何关系?——宏观利率专题》
1、5 月中旬央行存款降息后,人民币汇率贬值明显加速。央行可能已经在中间价报价中引入逆周期因子对人民币汇率进行调节,且明显加大了调节力度。2、观察彭博每日汇率报价预期与中间价汇率偏离程度,我们评估,2018 年下半年至今,逆周期因子曾经在四个时期明显加大调节力度:(1)2019 年 5 月初至 6 月中旬,即包商银行事件后;(2)2019 年 8 月初至 10 月中旬,即中美摩擦再度升级后,至中美第一阶段贸易协定基本达成前;(3)2022 年 8 月中旬至 11 月初,即 2022 年年内央行再次降息至二十大前后;(4)2023 年 6 月中旬至今。3、复盘来看,央行明显提高“逆周期因子”调节力度的时期内,不存在明显证据表明,调节力度会直接影响货币政策运用、资金利率或十年国债走势。但从内外均衡视角观察,也不能完全排除,央行降息操作节奏考虑外部均衡因素的可能性,至少在贬值压力较大的时期,央行进一步引导资金利率下行的概率会降低,但两者关系并不绝对。 + +风险提示:央行与海外主要经济体货币政策调整超预期、我国与海外主要经济体通胀与经济发展超预期。 + +《宏观|信用周期是否见底?》 + +我们认为二季度或是政策底、经济底、金融底。翻过二季度,三季度开始金融、经济数据或都会逐渐进入疫后复苏的第三阶段。下半年在透支效应减弱、消费内生修复、外需加速库存见底等因素的共同作用下,经济环比增速有望改善。同时,央行政策的重心从负债端到资产端,信用政策力度再度加强。如央行6月30日增加“支农支小再贷款、再贴现额度2000亿元”通过结构性政策工具来发力稳信用。同时,财政政策在国常会定调后,也进入发力期。在政策和基本面的支撑下,我们认为国内信用周期有望再度重回小幅扩张区间。 + +风险提示:信用周期好转低于预期,地产销售复苏不及预期、基本面持续偏弱。 + +《电子|周观点:应用为基,AIGC 时代苹果有望引领本地 AI 应用创新》1、苹果公司在 AI 领域深耕多年,AI 应用持续拓展丰富。11 年 iPhone4S 中,苹果引入基于 NLP 的智能语音助手 Siri,17 年 iPhoneX 苹果推出 FaceID,23 年 VisionPro 产品推出 opticID 虹膜识别,此外也包括实况文本、空间音频等一系列软件创新,多维度将 AI 技术整合到多种设备中提升用户体验。2、苹果大规模收购 AI 初创公司,全面推进 AI 应用场景的布局。从 2010 年开始,苹果便开始大规模收购 AI 初创公司,收购范围包括半导体制造、机器学习、语音识别、面部识别和表情追踪等多领域,帮助苹果构建更广泛 AI 应用场景。软硬件创新能力:以 FaceID 为例,苹果在 “刘海屏” 处提供了多个传感器、光学元件(包括红外镜头、泛光感应元件、距离传感器、环境光传感器、点阵投影器)的集成实现对于 FaceID 的支持,通过软硬件创新同时满足识别精度和隐私保护双重要求。3、我们认为,苹果本地 AI 功能部署兼顾效率&隐私保护,结合 VisionPro 等创新性硬件平台,AIGC 时代有望以软硬件协同创新的方式推动引领消费电子硬件 AI 应用。 + +## 天风 7 月金股推荐 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
简称调入时间
中兴通讯20221230
亨通光电20221230
招商蛇口20230228
立讯精密20230531
腾讯控股20230531
科沃斯20230531
美的集团20230531
中国建筑20230531
中国平安20230630
中天科技20230630
京北方20230630
神州泰岳20230630
航宇科技20230630
西山科技20230630
格力电器20230630
新澳股份20230630
比音勒芬20230630
江山欧派20230630
顾家家居20230630
悦安新材20230630
中材国际20230630
山东药玻20230630
苏美达20230630
申能股份20230630
卫星化学20230630
瑞纳智能20230630
+ +资料来源:天风证券研究所 + +最新调整日期 2023.06.30 + +## 市场数据 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
指数名称收盘涨跌%
上证综指3196.13-0.78
沪深3003843.44-0.67
中证5005962.79-1.1
中小盘指3946.6-1.17
创业板指2196.85-0.9
国债指数203.070.0
diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00040.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00040.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..b52386800fca850f4a9346c20e3a4d078d1f69f6 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00040.md @@ -0,0 +1,30 @@ + +图表39 本轮补库阶段出口和地产投资增速保持高位 + + + +资料来源:Wind,平安证券研究所 + +图表40 2016-2018年是棚改财政支出高峰期 + + + +资料来源:Wind,平安证券研究所 + +图表41 出口型机械设备行业本轮补库增速较高(%) + + + +资料来源:Wind,平安证券研究所 + +图表42 本轮汽车制造业库存增速回落更多(%) + + + +资料来源:Wind,平安证券研究所 + +## 2.7 2019.12 - ? (第 7 轮):疫后内外需改善驱动最长补库期,中美周期再度共振 + +2019 年底 2020 年初以来,工业企业新一轮补库周期开启,出口持续高增和房地产投资韧性驱动企业补库,中美周期共振强化补库持续期长达 29 个月。上一轮库存周期中,工业企业产成品存货同比增速于 2019 年 11 月见底,2019 年 12 月开始小幅回升,2020 年一季度新冠疫情爆发扰动原本的库存周期,库存增速虽然在 2020 年前三季度经历了先迅速提升再逐渐回落的变化,但 2020 年 10 月后再度开始回升并一直延续到 2022 年 4 月,可以近似认为 2019 年 12 月至 2022 年 4 月期间为一轮持续近 29 个月的相对较长的补库周期。主要有以下几点驱动:一是疫后全球需求恢复和我国生产保供带来出口持续高增,2020Q4-2022Q1 期间中美两国库存周期共振,我国出口当月同比增速在 2020 年 10 月-2022 年 7 月期间基本维持双位数;二是 2020-2021 年房地产投资保持韧性,制造业投资维持在相对高位水平,内需改善也在一定程度上驱动企业补库;三是 PPI 自 2020Q4 回升,并一直持续上行态势至 2022Q1 创新高,物价上行也是补库延续的贡献之一。分行业看,本轮库存增幅相对较高的行业既包括石油/煤炭及其他燃料加工、化学纤维制造、化学原料及化学制品制造等中上游周期行业,也包括电气机械及器材制造、计算机/通信和其他电子设备制造等行业。 + +不过,2022 年中以来,随着房地产投资和出口增速持续回落,工业企业进入去库阶段,并且同期美国也在去库存阶段。其中,我国工业企业产成品存货增速自 2022 年 4 月 20% 的高位降至 2023 年 5 月的 3.2%;美国制造商库存增速自 2022 年 3 diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00041.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00041.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..9ca1c8d507ba222247f69a1d8251082b93d57bbb --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00041.md @@ -0,0 +1,46 @@ +## 推荐 (维持) + +## 重点公司 + +
重点公司EPS(元)评级
2023E2024E
科博达1.572.15增持
德赛西威2.943.94增持
经纬恒润2.503.65增持
均胜电子0.580.85增持
保隆科技1.902.52增持
+ +来源:兴业证券经济与金融研究院 + +## 相关报告 + +【兴证汽车】电动智能的征程2: 新势力的突破之路:从“0-1”到“1-10”的新挑战 + +【兴证汽车】电动智能的征程1:特斯拉的崛起之路:核心挑战与解决方案 + +【兴证汽车】造车新势力系列深度1——家庭用车:朝阳赛道风景独好,看好理想及产业链2022-04-20 + +分析师: + +戴畅 +daichang@xyzq.com.cn +S0190517070005 + +董晓彬 +dongxiaobin@xyzq.com.cn +S0190520080001 + +## 智能驾驶系列深度之六: + +## AI 加持+城市 NOA 落地,高阶智能化迎来蝶变时刻 + +2023年07月18日 +## 投资要点 + +前言:AI加持下,2023H2高阶智能驾驶从高速延伸到城市,智能功能提升和使用场景扩展将驱动消费者认同提升和车企技术迭代加快,高阶智能驾驶有望从理想到现实,进入蝶变时刻,高阶智能化车型销量有望超预期,智能化相关公司成长速度有望超预期。 + +理论方法突破:AI 大模型用于感知融合,后续有望实现端到端。智能驾驶系统可分为感知,预测,规划,控制几个主要模块。过去,一些智能驾驶的方案中感知,预测等模块采用了 CNN 和 RNN 等 AI 模型。2020 年 Transformer 模型引入 CV 领域和智能驾驶领域后,通过 Attention 机制,兼备 CNN 易于并行化的优势和 RNN 模型可以捕捉长序列内的依赖关系的优势,有效提升感知模块的特征提取等环节的效果,加速了智能驾驶算法的升级。(1)目前,特斯拉等头部玩家基于 BEV+Transformer 做特征融合,并结合占用网络将目标检测升级为语义分割,提升感知能力,并减少对高精地图的依赖。(2)未来,有望基于 Transformer 大模型实现端到端的辅助驾驶,即传感器的数据输入大模型后直接输出执行信号,进一步提升智驾能力。 + +产业进展突破:海外特斯拉 FSD 快速升级,国内城市领航辅助即将规模落地。特斯拉 FSD 新一代的升级即将完成,“超级计算机” Dojo 投产运行将助力 FSD 性能跃升,同时年内有望推出 V12 版本并应用端到端 AI 技术,未来海外渗透率有望大幅提升。国内车企城市 NOA 功能下半年有望大规模落地,意味着高阶智能驾驶进入城市场景。对于用户来讲,高阶智能驾驶的体验将大幅度提升。而开放城市市场后更加丰富的数据,有望使得头部车企算法迭代速度加快。 + +国内高阶智能化蝶变时刻:供给创造需求,高阶智能驾驶渗透率有望加速提升。优质供给驱动需求,高阶智能驾驶有望快速上量。(1)复盘国内 SUV 渗透率和新能源渗透率的提升过程,可以看到当渗透率超过 5%-10%区间后快速提升,供给优化驱动渗透率快速提升。(2)当下高阶辅助驾驶功能的核心问题不在于需求,而在于体验和成本。利用 BEV+Transformer,,一方面可以提升辅助驾驶功能的体验,另一方面可以降低硬件成本。按照当前已知车企规划估计,2025 高阶辅助驾驶渗透率有望接近 10%,之后伴随着体验的升级和成本的下降,高阶辅助驾驶渗透率有望快速增长。 + +产业影响:整车格局有望出现新变化,高阶智能化相关零部件放量有望加速。整车格局方面:生产技术/产品技术/需求挖掘的代际变革和边际优化是车企崛起的内核驱动力,从L2+到城市NOA是智能技术的代际升级,领先车企有望借助高阶智能化实现销量和份额的提升。零部件方面,域控制器、线控制动、毫米波雷达、摄像头以及4D毫米波雷达等是智能化受益新赛道,在城市NOA驱动高阶智能化渗透率加速提升过程中,相关受益零部件放量有望超预期。 + +投资建议:AI加持+城市NOA落地,高阶智能化迎来蝶变时刻,看好高阶智能化的产业机会!整车方面,推荐城市NOA技术落地速度领先的小鹏汽车(港股团队覆盖)、理想汽车(港股团队覆盖)、比亚迪、长城汽车,关注华为合作车企赛力斯;零部件方面,推荐受益高端智能化的科博达(车身与底盘域控放量)、德赛西威(座舱与智驾域控放量)、经纬恒润(智能驾驶产品布局丰富)、均胜电子(座舱域放量)、保隆科技(ADAS相关业务拓展)。 + +风险提示:城市 NOA 落地不及预期,高阶智能化安全事故,智能化降本不及预期,高阶智能化新车销量不及预期 diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00042.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00042.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..2dd7ed1a0c3149bd0eb5112c99675e7f821dfcf4 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00042.md @@ -0,0 +1,61 @@ +## 2.2.2 美国市场特征(1/4):运营模式上,收费模式多样化,投顾倾向于根据客户个性化需求提供组合化服务,混合多种收费模式来开展业务 + +■ 收费运营模式多样化:相对于中国市场目前单一的投资顾问服务费收费模式,美国投顾业务在收费运作模式上已比较成熟,目前主要提供7种收费模式:按资产管理规模收费、按固定费率收费、按业绩表现收费、按服务时间收费、佣金收费、会员制收费、其他收费模式。在2022年七种收费模式中按资产管理规模收费模式占比最大(95.2%),绝大多数的投顾均提供此类服务,此外,固定费率收费、业绩表现收费、服务时间收费这三种服务模式占比也较大。 + +■ 投顾倾向于提供组合化服务:根据NRS、IAA披露的数据,只有20.8%的投顾仅仅只提供按资产管理规模收费的服务模式,大多数顾问在提供按资产管理规模收费的服务模式外还可以提供其他类型的收费服务模式。最常见的是,超过三分之一的顾问(34.4%)除了提供按资产管理规模收费的服务模式(通常用于投资组合管理服务)之外,还提供固定费率和按服务时间收费的模式(通常用于财务规划服务)。 + +■ 投顾市场主流收费类型随投顾业务发展而发生了改变:在过去20多年内,按业绩表现、固定费率、资产管理规模三种收费模式的使用量有着较高的增长率,而按佣金、会员制的两种收费模式使用量有所下降,尤其是按佣金收费模式的使用量下降了8.5%。 + +图表16 美国投顾业务七大收费模式 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
美国投顾收费模式提供该服务的投顾公司占比
202020212022
资产管理规模收费95.4%95.5%95.2%
固定费率收费44.9%44.8%44.9%
业绩表现收费36.6%35.9%36.2%
服务时间收费30.0%29.7%29.5%
佣金收费3.0%2.4%2.2%
会员制收费1.0%1.0%1.0%
其他收费14.3%14.0%14.2%
+ +资料来源:NRS、IAA、平安证券研究所;数据截至2022年12月31日 + +图17 2021年相较于2000年,投顾公司使用各类收费模式的百分比变化 + + + +资料来源:NRS、IAA、平安证券研究所;数据截至2021年12月31日 diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00043.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00043.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..9d0be7b8b99f142e47649c1cdd880797f844bc24 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00043.md @@ -0,0 +1,63 @@ +## 历史的押韵:借鉴“互联网+”的“AI+”四阶段投资框架 + +## 传媒与互联网行业 2023 年度中期投资策略 + +本篇报告通过复盘 2013-2015 年 “互联网+” 行情,来论证当前 “AI+” 行情处于第二阶段,因此继续维持对游戏及出版龙头的强烈推荐,并建议关注 AI 产品落地场景——电商、医疗、营销、影视、办公、教育等细分领域或将出现的新龙头。 + +☐ 2023 年年初至 7 月 10 日中信传媒行业指数上涨 38.67%,同期上证指数上涨 3.70%,中信传媒行业指数显著跑赢上证指数。本中期策略报告希望通过复盘 2013-2015 年“互联网+”行情,来论证当前“AI+”行情处于第二阶段,因此继续维持对游戏及出版龙头的强烈推荐,并建议关注 AI 产品落地场景——电商、医疗、营销、影视、办公、教育等细分领域或将出现的新龙头。 + +☐ 具体来看,第一阶段-积极拥抱:参照2013年的手游行业,在手游行业游戏同比接近4倍增速时,掌趣科技等涨幅靠前的公司,同时具备内生+外延实现业绩高增和估值溢价较高的特点。因此我们认为,2023年年初至5月的AI第一阶段就是积极拥抱AI的公司,这个阶段的涨幅更多的是享受AI行业贝塔红利。 + +☐ 第二阶段-落地为王:参照 2014 年,关注相关产品落地。2014 年移动互联网已经开始迅猛发展,大家都在积极努力转型移动互联网,积极推出推互联网+产品,技术外因与政策内因共同驱动传媒产业发展。我们认为现在 AI 的投资也处于这一阶段,很多公司都在积极推 AI+产品。大模型维度有昆仑、三六零等,AI+金融领域有同花顺,AI+医疗领域有朗玛信息,AI+跨境电商有焦点科技等。我们认为,理论上,谁在细分领域率先推出 AI+产品,谁就占得了一定的先机,这个阶段,核心就是寻找能够快速推出 AI+产品的细分龙头或者像游戏出版行业这类整体受益 AI 行业红利的投资机会。 + +☐ 第三阶段-王者突围:参照移动互联网领域最受益的几个新兴龙头公司包括2015年的东方财富以及后来的字节和米哈游等,谁能够在细分领域迅速成长做大,并能够快速产生利润成为投资要点。这个阶段也有望是对于投资者回报最高的阶段,我们也会积极关注具备这个潜质的新龙头公司。 + +☐ 第四阶段-胜者为王:参照 2015 年之后,腾讯,字节,阿里等从移动互联网浪潮里脱颖而出,我们认为最终成功的将是龙头 AI 公司及其生态圈公司。我们建议持续关注头部公司以及一级市场中有成为未来巨头潜力的相关公司的进展。 + +□ 风险提示:核心技术不及预期风险;政策监管不确定性的风险;行业竞争风险;商业化拓展低于预期风险等。 + +## 推荐(维持) + +TMT 及中小盘/传媒 + +## 行业规模 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
占比%
股票家数(只)1483.0
总市值(十亿元)1670.42.0
流通市值(十亿元)1455.02.0
+ +## 行业指数 + + + +资料来源:公司数据、招商证券 + +## 相关报告 + +1、《互联网行业周报—七部委联合发布《生成式人工智能服务管理暂行办法》》2023-07-17 + +2、《七部委联合发布《生成式人工智能服务管理暂行办法》,数据要素流通及商业化应用落地有望加速》2023-07-15 + +3、《互联网行业周报—华为云盘古大模型3.0正式发布》2023-07-14 + +顾佳 S1090513030002 + +gujia@cmschina.com.cn + +谢笑妍 S1090519030003 + +xiexiaoyan1@cmschina.com.cn diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00044.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00044.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..ec54b0c43b384dad82880319bcb98ac81b68e74d --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00044.md @@ -0,0 +1,73 @@ +## 信息披露 + +## 证券分析师承诺 + +本报告署名分析师具有中国证券业协会授予的证券投资咨询执业资格并注册为证券分析师,以勤勉的职业态度、专业审慎的研究方法,使用合法合规的信息,独立、客观地出具本报告,并对本报告的内容和观点负责。本人不曾因,不因,也将不会因本报告中的具体推荐意见或观点而直接或间接收到任何形式的补偿。 + +## 与公司有关的信息披露 + +本公司隶属于申万宏源证券有限公司。本公司经中国证券监督管理委员会核准,取得证券投资咨询业务许可。本公司关联机构在法律许可情况下可能持有或交易本报告提到的投资标的,还可能为或争取为这些标的提供投资银行服务。本公司在知晓范围内依法合规地履行披露义务。客户可通过 compliance@swsresearch.com 索取有关披露资料或登录 www.swsresearch.com 信息披露栏目查询从业人员资质情况、静默期安排及其他有关的信息披露。 + +## 机构销售团队联系人 + +华东 A 组 茅炯 + +021-33388488 + +maojiong@swhysc.com + +华东B组 李庆 + +021-33388245 + +liqing3@swhysc.com + +华北组 肖霞 + +010-66500628 + +xiaoxia@swhysc.com + +华南组 李昇 + +0755-82990609 + +Lisheng5@swhysc.com + +## 股票投资评级说明 + +证券的投资评级: + +以报告日后的 6 个月内,证券相对于市场基准指数的涨跌幅为标准,定义如下: + +买入(Buy):相对强于市场表现20%以上; + +增持(Outperform):相对强于市场表现5%~20%; + +中性(Neutral):相对市场表现在 -5% ~ +5% 之间波动; + +减持 (Underperform):相对弱于市场表现5%以下。 + +行业的投资评级: + +以报告日后的6个月内,行业相对于市场基准指数的涨跌幅为标准,定义如下: + +看好(Overweight) :行业超越整体市场表现; + +中性(Neutral) :行业与整体市场表现基本持平; + +看淡(Underweight) :⾏业弱于整体市场表现。 + +我们在此提醒您,不同证券研究机构采用不同的评级术语及评级标准。我们采用的是相对评级体系,表示投资的相对比重建议;投资者买入或者卖出证券的决定取决于个人的实际情况,比如当前的持仓结构以及其他需要考虑的因素。投资者应阅读整篇报告,以获取比较完整的观点与信息,不应仅仅依靠投资评级来推断结论。申银万国使用自己的行业分类体系,如果您对我们的行业分类有兴趣,可以向我们的销售员索取。 + +本报告采用的基准指数 :沪深300指数 + +## 法律声明 + +本报告仅供上海申银万国证券研究所有限公司(以下简称“本公司”)的客户使用。本公司不会因接收人收到本报告而视其为客户。客户应当认识到有关本报告的短信提示、电话推荐等只是研究观点的简要沟通,需以本公司 http://www.swsresearch.com 网站刊载的完整报告为准,本公司并不接受客户的后续问询。本报告首页列示的联系人,除非另有说明,仅作为本公司就本报告与客户的联络人,承担联络工作,不从事任何证券投资咨询服务业务。 + +本报告是基于已公开信息撰写,但本公司不保证该等信息的准确性或完整性。本报告所载的资料、工具、意见及推测只提供给客户作参考之用,并非作为或被视为出售或购买证券或其他投资标的的邀请或向人作出邀请。本报告所载的资料、意见及推测仅反映本公司于发布本报告当日的判断,本报告所指的证券或投资标的的价格、价值及投资收入可能会波动。在不同时期,本公司可发出与本报告所载资料、意见及推测不一致的报告。 + +客户应当考虑到本公司可能存在可能影响本报告客观性的利益冲突,不应视本报告为作出投资决策的惟一因素。客户应自主作出投资决策并自行承担投资风险。本公司特别提示,本公司不会与任何客户以任何形式分享证券投资收益或分担证券投资损失,任何形式的分享证券投资收益或者分担证券投资损失的书面或口头承诺均为无效。本报告中所指的投资及服务可能不适合个别客户,不构成客户私人咨询建议。本公司未确保本报告充分考虑到个别客户特殊的投资目标、财务状况或需要。本公司建议客户应考虑本报告的任何意见或建议是否符合其特定状况,以及(若有必要)咨询独立投资顾问。在任何情况下,本报告中的信息或所表述的意见并不构成对任何人的投资建议。在任何情况下,本公司不对任何人因使用本报告中的任何内容所引致的任何损失负任何责任。市场有风险,投资需谨慎。若本报告的接收人非本公司的客户,应在基于本报告作出任何投资决定或就本报告要求任何解释前咨询独立投资顾问。 + +本报告的版权归本公司所有,属于非公开资料。本公司对本报告保留一切权利。除非另有书面显示,否则本报告中的所有材料的版权均属本公司。未经本公司事先书面授权,本报告的任何部分均不得以任何方式制作任何形式的拷贝、复印件或复制品,或再次分发给任何其他人,或以任何侵犯本公司版权的其他方式使用。所有本报告中使用的商标、服务标记及标记均为本公司的商标、服务标记及标记。 diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00045.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00045.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..e8b847204457dbf63fb765e034fd2f78a3a6f85c --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00045.md @@ -0,0 +1,96 @@ +## 分析师声明 + +本报告署名分析师在此声明:我们具有中国证券业协会授予的证券投资咨询执业资格或相当的专业胜任能力,本报告所表述的所有观点均准确地反映了我们对标的证券和发行人的个人看法。我们所得报酬的任何部分不曾与,不与,也将不会与本报告中的具体投资建议或观点有直接或间接联系。 + +## 一般声明 + +除非另有规定,本报告中的所有材料版权均属天风证券股份有限公司(已获中国证监会许可的证券投资咨询业务资格)及其附属机构(以下统称“天风证券”)。未经天风证券事先书面授权,不得以任何方式修改、发送或者复制本报告及其所包含的材料、内容。所有本报告中使用的商标、服务标识及标记均为天风证券的商标、服务标识及标记。 + +本报告是机密的,仅供我们的客户使用,天风证券不因收件人收到本报告而视其为天风证券的客户。本报告中的信息均来源于我们认为可靠的已公开资料,但天风证券对这些信息的准确性及完整性不作任何保证。本报告中的信息、意见等均仅供客户参考,不构成所述证券买卖的出价或征价邀请或要约。该等信息、意见并未考虑到获取本报告人员的具体投资目的、财务状况以及特定需求,在任何时候均不构成对任何人的个人推荐。客户应当对本报告中的信息和意见进行独立评估,并应同时考量各自的投资目的、财务状况和特定需求,必要时就法律、商业、财务、税收等方面咨询专家的意见。对依据或者使用本报告所造成的一切后果,天风证券及/或其关联人员均不承担任何法律责任。 + +本报告所载的意见、评估及预测仅为本报告出具日的观点和判断。该等意见、评估及预测无需通知即可随时更改。过往的表现亦不应作为日后表现的预示和担保。在不同时期,天风证券可能会发出与本报告所载意见、评估及预测不一致的研究报告。 + +天风证券的销售人员、交易人员以及其他专业人士可能会依据不同假设和标准、采用不同的分析方法而口头或书面发表与本报告意见及建议不一致的市场评论和/或交易观点。天风证券没有将此意见及建议向报告所有接收者进行更新的义务。天风证券的资产管理部门、自营部门以及其他投资业务部门可能独立做出与本报告中的意见或建议不一致的投资决策。 + +## 特别声明 + +在法律许可的情况下,天风证券可能会持有本报告中提及公司所发行的证券并进行交易,也可能为这些公司提供或争取提供投资银行、财务顾问和金融产品等各种金融服务。因此,投资者应当考虑到天风证券及/或其相关人员可能存在影响本报告观点客观性的潜在利益冲突,投资者请勿将本报告视为投资或其他决定的唯一参考依据。 + +## 投资评级声明 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
类别说明评级体系
股票投资评级自报告日后的6 个月内,相对同期沪
深300 指数的涨跌幅
买入预期股价相对收益20 %以上
增持预期股价相对收益10 %-20 %
持有预期股价相对收益-10 %-10 %
卖出预期股价相对收益-10 %以下
行业投资评级自报告日后的6 个月内,相对同期沪
深300 指数的涨跌幅
强于大市预期行业指数涨幅5 %以上
中性预期行业指数涨幅-5 %-5 %
弱于大市预期行业指数涨幅-5 %以下
+ +## 天风证券研究 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
北京海口上海深圳
北京市西城区佟麟阁路 36 号海南省海口市美兰区国兴大道 3 号互联网金融大厦 A 栋 23 层 2301 房上海市虹口区北外滩国际客运中心 6 号楼 4 层深圳市福田区益田路 5033 号平安金融中心 71 楼
邮编:100031邮编:570102邮编:200086邮编:518000
邮箱:research@tfzq.com电话:(0898)-65365390电话:(8621)-65055515电话:(86755)-23915663
邮箱:research@tfzq.com传真:(8621)-61069806传真:(86755)-82571995
邮箱:research@tfzq.com邮箱:research@tfzq.com
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00046.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00046.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..be2cb5ce958f8428492ae336bc081796b3315ae3 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00046.md @@ -0,0 +1,130 @@ +## 北京 + +中国国际金融股份有限公司 + +中国北京建国门外大街1号 + +国贸写字楼2座28层 + +邮编:100004 + +电话:(86-10) 6505 1166 + +传真:(86-10) 6505 1156 + +## 上海 + +中国国际金融股份有限公司上海分公司 + +上海市浦东新区陆家嘴环路 1233 号 + +汇亚大厦 32 层 + +邮编:200120 + +电话:(86-21) 5879-6226 + +传真:(86-21) 5888-8976 + +## 深圳 + +中国国际金融股份有限公司深圳分公司 + +深圳市福田区益田路 5033 号 + +平安金融中心 72 层 + +邮编:518048 + +电话:(86-755) 8319-5000 + +传真:(86-755) 8319-9229 + +## 香港 + +中国国际金融(香港)有限公司 + +香港中环港景街1号 + +国际金融中心第一期 29 楼 + +电话:(852) 2872-2000 + +传真:(852) 2872-2100 + +## 东京 + +中国国际金融日本株式会社 + +〒100-0005 東京都千代田区丸の内3丁目2番3 + +号 丸の内二重橋ビル21階 + +Tel: (+813) 3201 6388 + +Fax: (+813) 3201 6389 + +## 旧金山 + +CICC US Securities, Inc. San Francisco Branch + +Office + +One Embarcadero Center, Suite 2350, + +San Francisco, CA 94111, USA + +Tel: (+1) 415 493 4120 + +Fax: (+1) 628 203 8514 + +## 纽约 + +CICC US Securities, Inc + +32$^\text{nd}$ Floor, 280 Park Avenue + +New York, NY 10017, USA + +Tel: (+1-646) 7948 800 + +Fax: (+1-646) 7948 801 + +## 新加坡 + +China International Capital Corporation + +(Singapore) Pte. Limited + +6 Battery Road, #33-01 + +Singapore 049909 + +Tel: (+65) 6572 1999 + +Fax: (+65) 6327 1278 + +## 伦敦 + +China International Capital Corporation (UK) + +Limited + +25th Floor, 125 Old Broad Street + +London EC2N 1AR, United Kingdom + +Tel: (+44-20) 7367 5718 + +Fax: (+44-20) 7367 5719 + +## 法兰克福 + +China International Capital Corporation (Europe) GmbH + +Neue Mainzer Straße 52-58, 60311 + +Frankfurt a.M, Germany + +Tel: (+49-69) 24437 3560 + diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00047.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00047.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..436ff81c361712f06b4546bf3992b6597a5ab15d --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00047.md @@ -0,0 +1,150 @@ +## 汤臣倍健(300146)\食品饮料 + +## 拥抱行业新周期,VDS龙头再出发 + +## 投资要点: + +疫后居民保健意识提升,VDS行业进入新周期。公司作为VDS行业龙头, + +2023全年营收有望实现双位数增长,基本面修复可期,估值具备性价比。 + +## 国内VDS行业先行者,积极拥抱疫后新周期 + +汤臣倍健是国内VDS龙头,2022年市占率达10.3%。公司第一大单品蛋白粉收入体量达20亿级别,第二大单品为骨关节养护产品健力多,2022年收入为12.1亿。第二成长曲线益生菌产品2022年国内外收入合计11.1亿。培育中的品牌健视佳、健安适等在逐步推广中,有望接力公司未来成长。 + +## 新周期或至,行业有望持续扩容 + +人均可支配收入提升叠加老龄化趋势,打开VDS行业发展空间。后疫情时代,行业呈现年轻化、细分化、线上化以及竞争加剧的特点,行业扩容有望为新赛道、新品类及新品牌带来成长机会。 + +## 产品多元化布局,渠道立体化发展 + +公司延续聚焦主品牌战略,免疫类产品如蛋白粉全年有望维持双位高增;积极扩展健力多的消费人群及销售渠道;延展益生菌产品的适用范围,搭建独立的经销体系与业务中台;同时积极培育健视佳、健安适等单品,有望接力公司未来成长。公司积极深化药店渠道改革,拥抱抖快直播等新兴渠道,1Q23年线下渠道收入同比增长16.18%;线上渠道同比增长90.98%。展望2023全年,公司营收有望实现双位数高增,基本面修复可期。 + +## 盈利预测、估值与评级 + +我们预计公司2023-2025年收入为93.9/110.5/126.3亿元,同比增速分别为+19.5%/17.7%/14.3%,归母净利润为17.9/20.7/24.4亿元,同比增速分别为+29.3%/15.6%/18.0%,EPS分别为1.1/1.2/1.4元/股,3年CAGR为 + +20.74%。绝对估值法测得每股价值为25.80元,可比公司2023年平均PE为18.32倍,鉴于公司在国内VDS领域领先优势稳固,综合绝对估值法和相对估值法,我们给予公司2023年25倍PE,目标价26.34元。首次覆盖,给予“买入”评级。 + +风险提示:产品质量和食品安全风险、线下渠道竞争优势弱化的风险、市场竞争加剧的风险等。 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
财务数据和估值202120222023E2024E2025E
营业收入(百万元)7,4317,8619,39011,04812,626
增长率(%)21.93%5.79%19.45%17.65%14.28%
EBITDA(百万元)2,3641,8822,4572,8023,257
归母净利润(百万元)1,7541,3861,7912,0712,444
增长率(%)15.07%-20.99%29.25%15.64%18.00%
EPS(元/股)1.030.811.051.221.44
市盈率(P /E )20.4125.8319.9817.2814.65
市净率(P /B )3.413.353.112.872.64
EV/EBITDA18.0218.1512.7210.869.03
+ +数据来源:公司公告、iFinD,国联证券研究所预测:股价为2023年7月26日收盘价 + +投资评级: + +行业:食品加工 + +投资建议:买入/(首次评级) + +当前价格:21.05 元 + +目标价格:26.34 元 + +## 基本数据 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
总股本/流通股本(百万股)1,700/1,129
流通A 股市值(百万元)27,088
每股净资产(元)6.87
资产负债率(%)13.77
一年内最高/最低(元)24.96/16.41
+ +## 股价相对走势 + + + +分析师:陈梦瑶 + +执业证书编号:S0590521040005 + +邮箱:cmy@glsc.com.cn + +## 相关报告 + +1、《汤臣倍健(300146)\食品饮料行业主品牌稳定增长,新八年打造强科技领军企业》2022.03.06 + +2、《汤臣倍健(300146)\食品饮料行业短期利润承压,中长期成长性确定》2021.10.26 + +3、《汤臣倍健(300146)\食品饮料行业半年度业绩实现高增,新三年规划成效初显》2021.08.07 diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00048.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00048.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..d2a309604fe3f0ba203a3ca554fe53cc6d6f6841 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00048.md @@ -0,0 +1,25 @@ +图 22、德康合作品牌矩阵 + + + +资料来源:德康官网,兴业证券经济与金融研究院整理 + +## 3.2、雅培:后来居上,三代产品性能比肩德康 + +雅培是目前德康在 CGM 领域的最有力竞争对手。作为后来者,雅培采取了和德康截然不同的策略,主要推出具备高性价比的产品,因此雅培虽然进入市场时间较晚,但仍在欧洲市场获得了极大成功。2022 年雅培瞬感系列销售额约为 43 亿美元,已超过德康成为全球第一。 + +雅培最新一代产品 Libre 3 性价比高。2020 年,雅培的最新一代 CGM 产品 Libre 3 在欧洲获批,其月均使用费用和 Libre 2 基本相同,仅为德康 G6 的 1/3,且产品性能也得到大幅提升(MARD 值降低到 7.9%),性价比优势凸显。 + +图 23、雅培瞬感系列收入(百万美元)和同比增速 + + + +资料来源:雅培年报,兴业证券经济与金融研究院整理 + +图 24、雅培 Libre 3 的月均费用仅为德康 G6 的 $1/3$ + + + +资料来源:雅培年报,兴业证券经济与金融研究院整理 + +早期雅培 Freestyle 精准度略逊一筹,最新一代产品性能比肩德康。2007 年雅培推出 Freestyle Navigator 系列,传感器寿命为 5 天,且均需要指尖血校准。2016 diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00049.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00049.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..bf0dd7b857c80f23044bed9dd265083a0a7fc40f --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00049.md @@ -0,0 +1,107 @@ +## “新徐工”出口高增,盈利持续改善 + +## 投资逻辑: + +■ 工程机械龙头,17-22年营收规模稳步提升。公司为国内工程机械领域头部企业,主要包括起重机械、土方机械等五大支柱产品。近年来,公司积极坚持“珠峰计划”,营收、归母净利稳定增长,从17年的291.3、10.2亿元提升到22年的938.2、43.1亿元,期间CAGR达到26.4%、33.4%。此外,公司于23年2月发布股权激励计划,23-25年净利润考核值为53/58/68亿元,彰显其长期增长信心。 + +■ 国内:国内工程机械板块正处于筑底阶段,部分领域拐点已到。1)起重机:23年M2-M6中国起重机国内市场销量连续四个月正增长,其中随车起重机销量连续4个月内销同比增速超30%,起重机板块部分品类或已进入上行期;2)挖机、混凝土机械:两类产品与地产、基建相关性较高,目前仍处筑底阶段,我们预计新一轮挖机周期有望在24年开启。 + +■ 出口:公司海外市场持续高增长,海外市场打开成长天花板。国内工程机械近年来出口顺利,尤其在“一带一路”国家,17-22年公司海外收入从33.1提升到278.4亿元,期间CAGR超50%,海外收入占比也从17年的11%提升到22年30%;根据Statista数据,全球工程机械市场规模接近1500亿美元,公司在国内市场市占率超20%、而海外市场占率仅为4%,海外市场远期仍具备较大成长空间。 + +■ 多因素驱动,看好公司盈利能力持续提升。公司在22年8月合并徐工有限,注入挖机等高毛利资产实现产品结构优化;此外,上游成本端压力缓解、且费用管控良好,使得公司毛利率在23Q1达到22.6%,同比+7.4pcts、环比提升2.4pcts。随着工程机械上行周期开启、叠加海外出口顺利,看好公司规模效应持续显现,拉动盈利水平,预计23-25年公司净利率为6.3%、6.7%、7.2%。 + +## 盈利预测、估值和评级 + +■ 我们预计公司 23–25 年实现营业收入 1015.8/1176.4/1417.5 亿元,归母净利润为 64.28/72.97/102.47 亿元,对应 PE 分别为 12/10/8 倍。给予公司 23 年 15 倍 PE,对应目标价 8.10 元,首次覆盖给予“买入”评级。 + +## 风险提示 + +■ 下游地产、基建需求不及预期、海外市场竞争加剧、原材料价格上涨风险、汇率波动风险。 + +机械组 + +分析师:满在朋(执业 S1130522030002) + +manzaipeng@gjzq.com.cn + +市价(人民币):6.76元 + +目标价(人民币):8.10元 + + + +## 公司基本情况(人民币) + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
项目202120222023E2024E2025E
营业收入(百万元)84,32893,817101,582117,638141,749
营业收入增长率14.01%11.25%8.28%15.81%20.50%
归母净利润(百万元)5,6154,3076,4287,92710,247
归母净利润增长率50.57%-23.29%49.25%23.32%29.27%
摊薄每股收益(元)0.7170.3650.5440.6710.867
每股经营性现金流净额1.030.130.130.990.99
ROE (归属母公司)(摊薄)15.41%8.09%11.28%12.83%15.09%
P/E8.3613.9112.4310.087.79
P/B1.291.121.401.291.18
+ +来源:公司年报、国金证券研究所 diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00050.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00050.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..c1d6d6cd017771a4bccf52798e4cdceb862a0464 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00050.md @@ -0,0 +1,32 @@ +## 晨会集萃 + +制作:产品中心 + +## 重点推荐 + +《策略|增速降档阶段历次跌破-2X后日本股市经验规律——日本系列第二篇》 + +1)跌破-2X 后反弹时点和高度,取决于盈利表现是否改善及改善幅度;弱趋势通常对应 ROE 下行或磨底区间,股债收益差反弹高度在均值之下;强趋势通常对应 ROE 周期上行,股债收益差可以涨至+1X 标准差甚至更高。2)ROE 上行动力来自内生周期和外需提振:2012 年之后日本逐步走出自身衰退周期,ROE 在 2012 年磨底之后趋势上台阶;03-06 年的牛市则是叠加了全球的强补库周期(主要贸易伙伴中国和美国都处在补库周期内)。3)ROE 上行阶段股债收益差高点更高,顺周期板块超额收益也更显著。而在相对弱的复苏区间内,顺周期板块更多是分化走势,市场风格也更为均衡。4)成长和高端制造板块更多取决于自身产业周期:以半导体产业为例,东证电器指数有超额收益的几轮牛市,都对应日本半导体销售上行周期(1993-1994 年,1998-2000 年,2009 年,2012-2015 年)。风险提示:历史数据局限性,中外制度环境差异导致的结论偏差,国际关系变化带来经济金融环境变化等 + +《策略|7月极简复盘:十张图看关键变化&核心逻辑》 + +1)宏观大环境仍是“中美共振去库下的弱复苏”,国内短周期仍在磨底阶段,同时海外需求周期回落,对应指数层面可能更多是基于预期交易的震荡。当前指数层面以及总量强相关板块仍有支撑,下方空间有限,但趋势性的机会可能还需等到实质性政策落地、经济复苏路径更为清晰之后。2)类似13年、19年,虽然指数层面表现一般,但如果有独立的产业周期驱动,市场的结构性机会仍然不错。短期来看,今年产业端驱动最显著的AI主题,在负面冲击(减持)和交易拥挤度消化之后有望企稳。不过在纯粹的主题交易后,后面AI内部可能面临分化和收缩,需要筛选财报业绩能够看到比较明显改善趋势、或者AI赋能可以对应到确定的订单需求的方向。中期维度,可重点关注今明年具备戴维斯双击逻辑的赛道,一是半导体周期(全球半导体销售周期触底叠加国产替代逻辑),二是新能源车(走出降价博弈格局叠加智能汽车的创新驱动)。 + +风险提示:宏观经济风险,政策支持不及预期,中美贸易与科技领域摩擦加剧等。 + +《金工|量化择时周报:市场或短暂整理再出发》 + +1、短期而言,宏观层面,下周市场进入国内通胀和金融数据的发布窗口,市场的风险偏好或将承压;2、中期角度,市场目前估值仍处较低位置,同时政策层面对资本市场也持续呵护,市场后续仍有望持续上行。3、综合来看,短期市场风险偏好或将承压,或将短暂休整,但不改中期上行的判断。我们的行业配置模型显示,8月继续沿用高景气策略,目前我们跟踪的景气度数据显示,分析师预期增速较高并有上调的板块排名靠前的是发电及电网、保险、商贸零售、家电、通用设备。主题方面,TMT 板块方面,各细分指数当前都进入震荡走势,目前以传媒板块缩量明显,或有短暂反弹。同时市场关注度较高的金融地产板块中非银金融上周五成交占比创出新高,并冲高回落,板块或将短暂整理蓄势后继续上行。当前以wind 全 A 为股票配置主体的绝对收益产品建议仓位 80%。 + +风险提示:市场环境变动风险,模型基于历史数据。 + +《宏观|权益胜率赔率皆提升——23年7-9月资产配置报告》 + +## 天风 8 月金股推荐 + + +
简称调入时间
中兴通讯20221230
亨通光电20221230
招商蛇口20230228
立讯精密20230531
科沃斯20230531
中国平安20230630
神州泰岳20230630
中材国际20230630
申能股份20230630
卫星化学20230630
瑞纳智能20230630
中际旭创20230731
中天科技20230731
工业富联20230731
金蝶国际20230731
顶点软件20230731
新致软件20230731
中国电影20230731
中航重机20230731
杭氧股份20230731
九毛九20230731
昊帆生物20230731
恒瑞医药20230731
海信家电20230731
新东方-S20230731
学大教育20230731
浙江正特20230731
森鹰窗业20230731
博迁新材20230731
中国交建20230731
蒙娜丽莎20230731
保利发展20230731
中国国航20230731
吉祥航空20230731
国投电力20230731
浙能电力20230731
温氏股份20230731
快手-W20230731
+ +资料来源:天风证券研究所 + +最新调整日期 2023.07.31 diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00051.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00051.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..deb6bafd19906789ce74d3ebdc390b55e3996a1f --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00051.md @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +## 4.7 兰石重装:能源重装龙头,核电产业链自上而下全覆盖 + +☐ 公司主营能源重型装备,包括传统能源化工装备(炼油化工、煤化工、化工新材料等领域)、新能源装备(核能、氢能、光伏光热、储能等领域)、工业智能装备(快速锻造液压机组、工业机器人等)以及节能环保装备等。 + +☐ 核能装备在核能产业链上中下游均有覆盖,主要产品有: + +‧ 上游:核化工非标设备、核燃料贮运容器、贮槽、箱室设备等; + +‧ 中游:核电站压力容器、储罐(核安全2、3级)、板式换热器(核安全3级,是国内首家实现国产替代的民用核级板式换热器设计生产企业)、微通道换热器、高温气冷堆核电站乏燃料现场贮存系统、装卸系统及新燃料运输系统相关设备、HTL电加热器等; + +‧ 下游:核燃料循环后处理厂专用核安全设备(核安全2、3级),包括萃取设备、后处理首端专用设备、产品贮运容器、贮槽、箱室等储罐类设备及热交换器设备。收购的子公司中核嘉华在核燃料贮运容器细分领域具有较高的市场占有率,制造了中国首座50吨核乏燃料后处理中间试验厂的绝大多数非标设备。 + +图:公司近年营收(左轴)及归母净利润(右轴)情况 + + + +图:公司近年毛利率及净利率情况 + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00052.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00052.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..3cfcc47d2e6c3e32a67ba10d3ef9d33b8afabec7 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00052.md @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +□ 数据需求方:数据要素能够借助区块链、人工智能等为各行各业赋能,为需求方①降本增效;②加速产品/业务/模型迭代;③创新商业模式。 + +- 数据需求方,包括各类数据分析服务商和行业用户,尤其数据驱动型的公司对数据拥有强烈的需求。 + +- AI赋能背景下,数据使用门槛降低,三类数据需求方将获业务和业绩边际改善:(1)AI大模型及小模型自研企业,优质数据加速模型迭代,构筑核心竞争壁垒;2)第三方数据服务商,优质数据改进其核心服务能力;3)公司AI赋能下使用数据,实现收入增厚或降本增效的下游数据需求方,如AI+游戏(数据挖掘、智能投放等生产力辅助工具)、AI+营销(用户数据分析实现精准营销)、以及AI+教育(教学数据智能诊断分析等)等典型应用领域。 + +## 图表27:数据需求主体及类型 + +
需求主体数据品种核心数据类型
医药公司、医药设备公司等医疗数据病历数据、就诊数据、药品流通
銀行、小貸公司、互联网金融公司金融数据企业数据、个人数据、个体户数量
企业数据中小微企业数据、外资企业数据等
能源企业能源数据石油、天然气等所有相关的数据
车联网、汽车公司、汽车后市场交通数据停车场数据、车辆位置数据等
供应链相关企业商品数据电子标签数据、商品物流数据等
金融机构、汽车公司、消费品公司消费数据个人消费数据、个人征信数据等
教育类机构教育数据学习轨迹数据、教育消费数据
政府相关部门社会数据与社会管理、政府管理有关的数据
其他(如科研机构等)社交数据与社交相关的所有数据
政府数据政府统计数据、政府审批数据等
电商数据商品交易数据、商品流通数据等
+ +## 图表28:AI赋能下利用数据受益的三类需求方 + diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00053.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00053.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..0a1083fb43fd09e63e5456c92cd038a7b260e731 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00053.md @@ -0,0 +1,27 @@ +## 3. 行业层面:出行链+竣工链的改善相对明显 + +从累计净利润增速来看一级行业: + +景气边际改善:出行链+竣工链的改善相对明显,社服、建材、汽车、交运、轻工、纺服、军工23Q2边际改善较大,23Q2-23Q1均保持在10%以上;电子、传媒、医药有所改善;其中,社服23Q2累计净利润增速边际改善较大,主要是由于22年上半年的大幅亏损。 + +维持高景气的行业:受到去年同期低基数的影响,高增速行业依然主要集中在出行链,社服、公用事业、美容护理、汽车、交运 23Q2 累计净利润增速均达到 20%以上,维持较高增速。 + +图 13:申万一级累计净利润增速 + + + + + + + +
行业2022Q22022Q32022Q42023Q12023Q223Q1-22Q423Q2-23Q1趋势图
社会服务-343.6%-183.9%-56.9%149.1%196.4%206.0%47.3%
建筑材料-27.8%-36.5%-46.5%-65.4%-40.6%-19.0%24.8%
汽车-22.6%-7.0%1.6%9.6%28.7%8.0%19.0%
交通运输-23.3%-27.9%-44.5%3.2%21.0%47.7%17.8%
轻工制造-36.8%-29.6%-32.0%-28.1%-11.7%3.9%16.4%
纺织服饰-14.0%-18.5%-43.1%-5.9%8.0%37.1%14.0%
国防军工4.8%6.4%-7.3%-5.2%5.4%2.1%10.6%
电子-17.2%-23.3%-29.1%-57.4%-48.6%-28.3%8.8%
传媒-25.9%-27.5%-65.9%5.7%14.2%71.6%8.5%
医药生物7.2%5.5%-5.8%-27.6%-21.3%-21.8%6.3%
商贸零售-18.8%-21.6%91.7%6.7%11.3%-85.0%4.6%
机械设备-19.0%-15.9%-9.5%-0.9%2.5%8.6%3.5%
家用电器13.0%12.2%8.8%11.3%12.8%2.5%1.5%
银行7.5%8.0%7.6%2.4%3.5%-5.2%1.1%
环保-16.3%-9.5%-13.3%1.1%1.7%14.4%0.6%
通信17.6%16.2%16.3%9.2%9.0%-7.1%-0.2%
美容护理-13.9%-15.3%-35.2%29.8%29.2%65.0%-0.5%
钢铁-53.1%-71.3%-73.2%-70.0%-70.8%3.2%-0.8%
房地产-65.1%-74.2%-158.9%-12.7%-14.3%146.2%-1.7%
食品饮料13.0%12.5%12.7%18.2%14.9%5.4%-3.3%
石油石化42.9%34.0%30.3%-9.6%-13.9%-39.9%-4.2%
基础化工21.0%4.3%-7.7%-48.0%-52.9%-40.3%-4.9%
建筑装饰5.0%3.7%7.7%12.0%4.7%4.3%-7.3%
公用事业-18.8%2.9%54.7%40.7%31.6%-14.0%-9.1%
有色金属107.2%78.4%70.2%-21.2%-32.0%-91.4%-10.8%
电力设备70.3%68.2%80.2%31.6%17.9%-48.6%-13.7%
煤炭96.0%68.2%48.9%2.0%-27.8%-47.0%-29.7%
计算机-36.6%-42.2%-42.2%56.4%2.8%98.6%-53.6%
农林牧渔-186.9%185.7%154.4%70.7%8.5%-83.7%-62.2%
非银金融-19.6%-22.6%-27.0%64.3%1.7%91.3%-62.6%
综合-248.6%63.6%-138.0%-46.5%-136.6%91.6%-90.1%
+ +资料来源:Wind,天风证券研究所 + +从累计净利润增速来看二级行业: + +景气边际改善:受到去年同期低基数的影响,边际改善较大的行业主要集中消费板块,出行链比较明显,航海装备、商用车、影视影院、酒店餐饮、其他电源设备、旅游及景区、服装家纺、化妆品、一般零售等行业的累计净利润增速改善较大,23Q2-23Q1 均保持在25%以上。 + +维持高景气的行业:航海装备、商用车、影视影院、房地产服务、酒店餐饮、旅游及景区、教育、其他电源设备等 23Q2 累计净利润增速达到 100%以上,维持较高增速。 + +图 14:申万二级累计净利润增速 diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00054.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00054.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..bcf07292b21dbe5ef7a2e3e38d8b97838a3cf355 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00054.md @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +图 28:华为生态进展乐观 + + + + + + + + +
银行名称招标时间项目名称中标时间是否开标招标内容中标人/候选人金额(万元)
全国性银行
交通银行6月25日交通银行海光服务器框架采购项目招标公告7月26日海光服务器框架中兴通讯、浪潮电子、紫光华山-
6月25日交通银行股份有限公司国产AI服务器(鲲鹏)选型项目8月1日国产AI服务器(鲲鹏)虹信软件、神州数码-
中国邮政储蓄银行6月26日中国邮政储蓄银行openGauss数据库工具开发工程<br>华为数据库技术支持服务单一来源采前公示-openGauss数据库工具开发工程--
7月14日中国邮政储蓄银行2023年IT及运网络设备入围选选型采购项目(包1PC服务器(鲲鹏))公开征集公告-PC服务器(鲲鹏)--
7月14日中国邮政储蓄银行2023年IT及运网络设备入围选选型采购项目(包1PC服务器(海光))公开征集公告-PC服务器(海光)--
7月14日中国邮政储蓄银行2023年IT及运网络设备入围选选型采购项目(包1PC服务器(海光)(AI型))公开征集公告-PC服务器(海光)(AI型)--
工商银行7月17日中国工商银行股份有限公司2023年度鲲鹏芯片服务器二路项目-2023年度鲲鹏芯片服务器二路--
7月17日中国工商银行股份有限公司2023年度飞腾芯片服务器项目-2023年度飞腾芯片服务器--
7月17日中国工商银行股份有限公司2023年度海光芯片服务器项目-2023年度海光芯片服务器--
7月17日中国工商银行股份有限公司2023年度鲲鹏芯片服务器四路项目2023年度鲲鹏芯片服务器四路--
中国银行-中国银行股份有限公司广东省分行2023信创服务器虚拟化软件采购项目 竞争性谈判公告-采购24个云宏国产信创服务器虚拟化软件授权许可证--
建设银行7月18日中国建设银行国产分布式图数据库选型测试供应商征集公告-通过麒麟软件认证,兼容鲲鹏服务器的数据库--
股份制银行
渤海银行3月8日渤海银行国产化操作系统等基础软件许可增采及人天服务采购项目5月9日渤海银行国产化操作系统等基础软件许可增采及人天服务采购神州数码-
广发银行4月23日广发银行(总行)二路2UX86服务器设备框架协议采购项目(第二次)5月19日二路2U X86服务器设备,签订为期1年的框架合同中兴通讯-
华夏银行6月19日华夏银行绍兴分行深信服服务器采购项目供应商征集公告-华夏银行绍兴分行深信服服务器采购--
中信银行5月9日中国银行全行ARM芯片服务器入围采购项目6月21日估采购ARM芯片服务器数量为13074台华为技术、虹信软件-
5月12日中信银行全行C86芯片服务器入围采购项目6月28日采购C86芯片服务器数量为5531台浪潮电子、中兴通讯、紫光恒越-
7月13日中信银行股份有限公司通用基础设施集成商入入围采购项目招标公告8月4日340,094万元ARM芯片服务器、102020C86万元芯片服务器,100000万元数据中心级别交换路由、11,850万元非数据中心级别交换路由、9850万元防火墙设备、17,000万元波分设备、39,348万元集中式ARM高端存储、23400万元分布式ARM对象存储、8,972万元云中高端存储光纤交换机,合计652,534万元宇信科技、新晨科技、润天股份、神州数码、南天信息、深圳市紫金支点技术股份有限公司652534
光大银行4月18日中国光大银行鲲鹏CPU服务器及配件选型入围项目7月11日全行鲲鹏CPU服务器及配件选型入围招标,对十二类整机单价和十五类配件将单价进行招标银信科技、北明软件-
7月14日中国光大银行桌面终端国产操作系统选型入围项目公开招标公告-中国光大银行桌面终端国产操作系统选型入围项目公开招标公告--
民生银行7月23日中国民生银行股份有限公司2023年商业软件许可及服务采购项目-10个物理节点的OceanBase数据库软件授权--
招商银行-招商银行2023年度第一批鲲鹏服务器项目采购结果公告5月22日鲲鹏服务器-XC-RDB 930台宝德计算机系统股份有限公司、河南昆仑技术有限公司、紫光恒越技术有限公司-
上海浦东发展银行5月22日上海浦东发展银行股份有限公司信用卡中心2023年度信创服务器框架入围采购项目6月19日拟采购机架服务器,服务器需与现有环境自动化运维工具硬件监控等相兼容上海龙田数码科技有限公司-
7月3日上海浦东发展银行2023年度总行海光芯片机架式服务器第一批次集采8月10日海光芯片机架式服务器万司股份、上海华讯网络存储系统有限责任公司、神州数码9510.08
7月12日上海浦东发展银行股份有限公司信用卡中心2023年度信创服务器入围采购项目8月7日海光芯片服务器中电科数字技术股份有限公司320
7月17日上海国际招标有限公司关于上海浦东发展银行股份有限公司信用卡中心2023年存储国产芯片采购项目8月10日NAS存储+SAN存储(CPU须采用国产自主研发的CPU芯片龙芯兆芯鲲鹏海光申威飞腾)上海华讯网络存储系统有限责任公司1061.86
8月15日上海浦东发展银行股份有限公司信用卡中心信用卡核心系统重构改造之鲲鹏芯片服务器采购项目-应用类服务器+基础类服务器--
-上海浦东发展银行信用卡中心营销行为回溯系统OceanBase数据库采购项目6月8日营销行为回溯系统OceanBase数据库中亦安图52.7
恒丰银行8月17日恒丰银行WEB中间件软件入围采购项目-同时适配鲲鹏芯片、海光芯片、麒麟或统信服务器操作系统的WEB应用中间件软件许可。--
城商行/农商行(wind总资产排名前30,剔除空值)
东莞农村商业银行5月17日2023年苏州银行国产中间件许可货物采购项目6月6日国产中间件苏州市思索电脑有限责任公司41
5月23日东莞农村商业银行股份有限公司东莞农村商业银行通用关系型数据库选型项目市场调研公告其他-通用关系型数据库
江苏银行6月21日江苏银行股份有限公司用户中台国产分布式数据库配套采购项目7月18日华为Gauss分布式数据库软件许可、服务器、交换机江苏开博科技有限公司1336.58
重庆银行6月25日重庆银行贵阳分行服务器采购项目(二次)7月26日服务器成都图睿信息技术有限公司11.8
-重庆银行PC服务器2023年度采购分包一的中标候选人公示8月15日PC服务器江苏汇通金科数据股份有限公司1700
宁波银行4月19日宁波银行2023年第三批设备采购项目(服务器)5月11日华为鲲鹏服务器及配件、浪潮服务器上海腾源达信息科技有限公司、浙江远拓网络科技有限公司、浙江诚兢智能科技有限公司、上海發达信息科技有限公司、宁波朝日数码科技发展有限公司、浙江硕果信息科技有限公司、神州数码
7月4日宁波银行2023年第五批设备采购项目(服务器及交换机)7月27日鲲鹏服务器、飞腾腾悦PC终端、飞腾腾悦笔记本
长沙银行7月11日长沙银行股份有限公司创新基础软件(集中式数据库、服务器操作系统、应用服务器中间件)授权采购项目8月3日达梦、人大金仓集中式数据库、麒麟服务器操作系统、应用服务器中间件湖南顺米科技有限公司59.52
上海银行7月13日上海银行2023年度PC服务器(ARM架构)入围选型项目-PC服务器(ARM架构)
南京银行7月17日南京银行股份有限公司OLAP分布式国产数据库扩容升级建设及人力维保项目-OLAP分布式国产数据库
北京银行7月19日北京银行2023年GPU服务器采购项目8月15日24台 GPU服务器荣联科技集团股份有限公司918.11
中原银行6月6日中原银行2023年上半年信息系统基础软硬件扩容量采购项目-PC服务器采购项目6月28日PC服务器河南省维佳计算机系统集成有限公司312.99
7月25日中原银行2023年信息技术应用创新项目-百川平台数据库ARM服务器采购项目8月16日百川平台数据库ARM服务器北京华胜天成科技股份有限公司324.9
+ +资料来源:采招网、天风证券研究所 + +运营商信创:运营商引领,国产 AI 服务器采购加速。8 月 20 日,中国电信发布《中国电信 AI 算力服务器(2023-2024 年)集中采购项目集中资格预审公告》。中国电信此次 AI 服务器集采分 4 个标包,标包 1 和标包 2 均为 I 系列服务器,合计包括 2073 台训练型风冷服务器、125 台训练型液冷服务器和 1182 台 InfiniBand 交换机;标包 3 和标包 4 为 G 系列服务器,1048 台训练型风冷服务器和 929 台训练型液冷服务器。中国电信此次集中采购合计采购 4175 台训练服务器,与之对比,中国电信 2021-2022 年服务器集中采购项目中,仅采购 1268 台 GPU 型服务器,此次集采 AI 服务器数量大幅增长,佐证国内 AI 服务器高景气度。此次采购项目预计国产占比约 47.5%,我们认为,运营商引领下,国内 AI 信创有望加速。 + diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00055.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00055.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..8d05e2d02071aa1fcf8dffe3666e40eb2cac658c --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00055.md @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ + +当子女出国留学时,安全(71%)是家长群体首要担忧的问题,包括社会治安、出行安全、健康问题、财产安全等。其次是语言环境适应困难(52%)以及缺乏中国文化归属感(51%)。 + +而从留学生角度,语言环境适应困难(44%)是其留学期间碰到的主要问题。在出国留学初期,由于缺少当地语言文化相关的知识,他们在学习交流以及日常生活的沟通中,难免存在语言理解障碍。其次是安全问题(37%)。此外,留学生对当地医疗体系不熟,遇到健康问题,可能无法及时得到解决。中国文化熏陶较少(36%)排在第三。此外,与父母产生疏离感(32%)、学习节奏跟不上(31%)以及生活自理能力不足也是国际教育期间面对的主要问题。 + +美国(22%)是国际教育家长最青睐的留学目的地,其次英国(19%)。加拿大和澳大利亚紧跟其后。传统四大留学强国地位稳固。此外,其他欧洲国家总计比例达21%,新加坡、新西兰、日本也在选择范围内,呈现出多元化的留学趋势。 + + + +数据来源:2021胡润国际教育白皮书专项调研 + + + +数据来源:2021胡润国际教育白皮书专项调研 diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00056.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00056.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..32cfc536d7642d21060283e0ab8a2cf2013cd18f --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00056.md @@ -0,0 +1,67 @@ +表 2: 康恩贝剥离资产梳理 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
时间对象金额(万元)股份交易原因
2016 年12 月珍诚医药3450557.25%政策变化,降低不确定性
2021 年12 月珍视明16800040%回笼资金,聚焦主业,推
2023 年4 月珍视明290007.84%进珍视明对接资本市场
2021 年8 月兰州小贷533730%回笼资金,聚焦主业
2022 年1 月迪耳药业357725%回笼资金,聚焦主业
2022 年1 月大晶眼健康10019.60%回笼资金,聚焦主业
2022 年7 月邳州众康4051%回笼资金,聚焦主业
2022 年11 月贵州拜特12127土地使用权和厂房盘活存量资产,聚焦主业
+ +资料来源:公司公告、招商证券 + +图 4: 康恩贝股权结构(截至 1H2023) + + + +资料来源:公司公告、招商证券 + +深入推进大品牌大品种战略,公司产品矩阵丰富。经过50多年的积累,公司主营业务涵盖中药大健康和化学制药两大领域,形成了丰富的品牌森林,2017年公司启动大品牌大品种工程,重点提升核心潜力产品的增长空间。2022年底公司拥有销售额过亿品种15个,其中包括1个10亿以上品种康恩贝肠炎宁系列,10个2-5亿品种以及4个1-2亿品种,过亿品种合计销售额40.9亿元,可比口径增长11%,占公司总营收比达到68.16%,大品牌大品种战略成效显著。公司品牌森林涵盖康恩贝、前列康、天保宁、金奥康、金笛、金康、天施康等多个知名品牌,在消化系统、呼吸系统、心脑血管、泌尿系统等疾病领域形成了完善的产品布局,能够满足患者多层次需求。 diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00057.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00057.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..d746a23a59282d5169ab83930c0468b62fd74de9 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00057.md @@ -0,0 +1,57 @@ +## 分析师承诺 + +本报告署名分析师具有中国证券业协会授予的证券投资咨询执业资格并登记为注册分析师,基于认真审慎的工作态度、专业严谨的研究方法与分析逻辑得出研究结论,独立、客观地出具本报告,并对本报告的内容和观点负责。本报告清晰准确地反映了研究人员的研究观点,结论不受任何第三方的授意、影响,研究人员不曾因、不因、也将不会因本报告中的具体推荐意见或观点而直接或间接收到任何形式的补偿。 + +## 评级说明 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
投资建议评级标准评级说明
以报告发布日后的12 个月内公司股价(或行业指数)相对同期基准指数的涨跌幅为基准。其
中:A 股以沪深300 指数为基准;新三板以三板成指或三板做市指数为基准;港股以恒生指
数为基准;美股以纳斯达克综合指数或标普
500 指数为基准。
公司评级推荐相对基准指数涨幅15 %以上
谨慎推荐相对基准指数涨幅5 %~15 %之间
中性相对基准指数涨幅-5 %~5 %之间
回避相对基准指数跌幅5 %以上
行业评级推荐相对基准指数涨幅5 %以上
中性相对基准指数涨幅-5 %~5 %之间
回避相对基准指数跌幅5 %以上
+ +## 免责声明 + +民生证券股份有限公司(以下简称“本公司”)具有中国证监会许可的证券投资咨询业务资格。 + +本报告仅供本公司境内客户使用。本公司不会因接收人收到本报告而视其为客户。本报告仅为参考之用,并不构成对客户的投资建议,不应被视为买卖任何证券、金融工具的要约或要约邀请。本报告所包含的观点及建议并未考虑个别客户的特殊状况、目标或需要,客户应当充分考虑自身特定状况,不应单纯依靠本报告所载的内容而取代个人的独立判断。在任何情况下,本公司不对任何人因使用本报告中的任何内容而导致的任何可能的损失负任何责任。 + +本报告是基于已公开信息撰写,但本公司不保证该等信息的准确性或完整性。本报告所载的资料、意见及预测仅反映本公司于发布本报告当日的判断,且预测方法及结果存在一定程度局限性。在不同时期,本公司可发出与本报告所刊载的意见、预测不一致的报告,但本公司没有义务和责任及时更新本报告所涉及的内容并通知客户。 + +在法律允许的情况下,本公司及其附属机构可能持有报告中提及的公司所发行证券的头寸并进行交易,也可能为这些公司提供或正在争取提供投资银行、财务顾问、咨询服务等相关服务,本公司的员工可能担任本报告所提及的公司的董事。客户应充分考虑可能存在的利益冲突,勿将本报告作为投资决策的唯一参考依据。 + +若本公司以外的金融机构发送本报告,则由该金融机构独自为此发送行为负责。该机构的客户应联系该机构以交易本报告提及的证券或要求获悉更详细的信息。本报告不构成本公司向发送本报告金融机构之客户提供的投资建议。本公司不会因任何机构或个人从其他机构获得本报告而将其视为本公司客户。 + +本报告的版权仅归本公司所有,未经书面许可,任何机构或个人不得以任何形式、任何目的进行翻版、转载、发表、篡改或引用。所有在本报告中使用的商标、服务标识及标记,除非另有说明,均为本公司的商标、服务标识及标记。本公司版权所有并保留一切权利。 + +## 民生证券研究院: + +上海:上海市浦东新区浦明路8号财富⾦融⼴场1幢5F;200120 + +北京:北京市东城区建国门内大街 28 号民生金融中心 A 座 18 层; 100005 + +深圳:广东省深圳市福田区益田路6001号太平金融大厦32层05单元;518026 diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00058.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00058.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..893e5056b16b45d93347848edbd1507765672e5a --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00058.md @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +图 29. 分众传媒发展历程 + + + +数据来源:分众公司公告,财通证券研究所 + +公司在细分高铁传媒领域市占率超过 70%,覆盖一二线城市主要高铁站点。公司媒体资源沿我国高铁线路布局,覆盖“八横八纵”主要干线。深色部分显示,公司以北京、上海、广州、深圳一线城市为核,着重覆盖长三角、珠三角、环渤海、东北、中部、西南部等主要经济圈。 + +图 30. 公司全国运营站点分布 + + + +数据来源:公司招股书,财通证券研究所 + +兆讯与可比公司存在差异性,主营领域具有竞争优势。与竞争公司华铁传媒、南京永达传媒等对比,公司运营媒体资源主要为分布在高铁站候车区的数码刷屏机、 \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00059.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00059.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..d04e189fed5c82feedd0f081d53fde1141aa7d3b --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00059.md @@ -0,0 +1,109 @@ +## 真人电影根基牢固,动画电影竞争力卓越 +光线传媒(300251.SZ)首次覆盖报告 + +证券研究报告 + +2022年03月21日 + +## 核心结论 + +2022年有望迎来影片供给修复和票房复苏。据猫眼统计,2021年票房470亿元,约为2019年的73%,春节档、清明节、五一档和十一档等热门档期均超过或者接近2019年同期水平,但因影片供给仍受疫情影响,非热门档期票房下滑幅度较大。若2022年疫情得到控制,优质影片的上映数量将增加,非热门档期票房迎来修复,我们预计2022年票房增长10%。 + +光线传媒拥有较为深厚的喜剧/爱情类电影出品经验。在高票房市占率的喜剧/爱情类型片领域,光线拥有成熟制作经验和艺人成本优势,近5年来每年出品3-5部单片平均票房超5亿元的喜剧/爱情电影。随着电影市场对疫情的适应能力增强,光线有望迎来电影产能修复,每年上映真人电影数量将恢复至疫情前12-15部/年的水平,票房收入也有望取得同步增长。 + +光线传媒在高成长性的动画电影赛道占据头部位置。近十年中/美/日动画电影平均票房市占率为10%/16%/27%,我们预计国内动画电影渗透率提升空间较大。光线通过投资绑定国内主要头部动画制作方和大量优质IP,出品动画电影累计票房近75亿元。光线正在针对“封神”、“西游”以及“大鱼海棠”等高知名度动画IP开发系列电影,未来票房具备较高弹性。 + +投资猫眼与发行业务形成协同。光线参股的猫眼娱乐在互联网票务市场份额稳定在60%以上,票务平台是观众获取电影信息的首选,且实时掌握上映电影供需,为光线提供互联网营销数据支持,在发行端形成合力。 + +投资建议:预计公司21/22/23年归母净利润为2.2/11.0/11.9亿元,EPS为0.07/0.38/0.41元/股,对应PE为108x/21x/20x,公司在动画电影赛道具备的领先优势,参股猫眼娱乐与公司在电影发行端形成业务增长合力,但考虑到疫情反复造成部分地区影院阶段性歇业,可能影响电影上映进度,给予公司22年25倍PE,目标价9.38元,首次覆盖,给予“增持”评级。 + +风险提示:疫情恶化;电影制作周期具有不确定性;票房不达预期等。 + +## 核心数据 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
201920202021E2022E2023E
营业收入(百万元)2,8291,1591,1272,3562,726
增长率90%-59%-3%109%16%
归母净利润(百万元)9482912191,1011,188
增长率-31%-69%-25%403%8%
每股收益(EPS )0.320.100.070.380.41
市盈率(P /E )24.980.9107.621.419.8
市净率(P /B )2.62.62.62.42.2
+ +数据来源:公司财务报表,西部证券研发中心 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
公司评级增持
股票代码300251
前次评级
评级变动首次
当前价格8.03
+ +## 近一年股价走势 + + + +分析师 + +
👤李艳丽S0800518050001
021-38584239
liyanli@research.xbmail.com.cn
+ +相关研究 \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00060.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00060.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..02cdeb62876c853d97532f395b291b9c8c659a15 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00060.md @@ -0,0 +1,563 @@ +## 利润表(百万元) + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
2021A2022E2023E2024E
营业收入23607269042878433298
%同比增速29%14%7%16%
营业成本15730177771901322374
毛利78779128977110925
%营业收入33%34%34%33%
税金及附加202269345499
%营业收入1%1%1%2%
销售费用263404461533
%营业收入1%2%2%2%
管理费用357430489566
%营业收入2%2%2%2%
研发费用86299510651232
%营业收入4%4%4%4%
财务费用481272191117
%营业收入2%1%1%0%
资产减值损失-150-68-78-82
信用减值损失9000
其他收益38131423
投资收益289135212246
净敞口套期收益0000
公允价值变动收益0000
资产处置收益3355
营业利润5901683973738168
%营业收入25%25%26%25%
营业外收支-511-197-260-323
利润总额5390664271137846
%营业收入23%25%25%24%
所得税费用6879099821083
净利润4702573261316763
%营业收入20%21%21%20%
归属于母公司的净利润4247515955186087
%同比增速584%21%7%10%
少数股东损益456573613676
EPS(元/股)3.824.644.965.47
+ +## 资产负债表(百万元) + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
2021A2022E2023E2024E
货币资金319476301251618754
交易性金融资产0000
应收票据及应收账款899117412211402
存货2393231325013009
预付款项128142177194
合同资产0000
其他流动资产1742197122892669
流动资产合计8355132301870326028
长期股权投资1955223725282819
固定资产16455168031707517250
在建工程2901294430003044
无形资产2006202220452071
商誉831790753726
递延所得税资产173173173173
其他非流动资产812754758763
资产总计33488389534503652872
短期借款3983273921161805
应付票据及应付账款3835410243775144
预收账款47545867
合同负债7028899511119
应付职工薪酬305373437470
应交税费675673664820
其他流动负债7350645758315601
流动负债合计12915125481231813220
长期借款3844399541774348
应付债券0000
递延所得税负债158158158158
其他非流动负债1187113711371137
负债合计18105178381778918863
归属于母公司的所有者权益13828189872450530591
少数股东权益1555212827413418
股东权益15383211152724634009
负债及股东权益33488389534503652872
+ +## 基本指标 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
2021A2022E2023E2024E
EPS3.824.644.965.47
BVPS12.4417.0822.0427.52
PE8.717.176.706.07
PEG0.010.330.960.59
PB2.671.951.511.21
EV/EBITDA6.665.064.133.09
ROE31%27%23%20%
ROIC21%18%16%15%
+ +## 现金流量表(百万元) + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
2021A2022E2023E2024E
经营活动现金流净额5337797177988863
投资-123-281-291-290
资本性支出-1302-1903-2066-2117
其他46115192226
投资活动现金流净额-1379-2070-2165-2181
债权融资0000
股权融资839000
银行贷款增加(减少)7895-1094-441-140
筹资成本-796-320-306-305
其他-10553-5100
筹资活动现金流净额-2615-1465-747-445
现金净流量1327443648866238
+ +数据来源:携宁科技云估值,万联证券研究所 diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00061.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00061.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..0a0e41b39e895191f5baae9af0b9cd46677ed13f --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00061.md @@ -0,0 +1,62 @@ +技术,生产出的产品各具特点,可实现技术体系的有效互补。 + +图表31:HPHT与CVD技术流程与产品特点对比 + + + +资料来源:力量钻石招股书、国盛证券研究所 + +高温高压法(HPHT)原理: 模拟天然钻石形成环境(1400℃以上超高温, 5.4GPa 超高压), 在铁、镍、钴、锰等金属触媒的催化下, 破坏石墨原有的片状晶体结构, 发生相变形成正四面体结构的金刚石。技术应用上, HPHT 法可细分为静压触媒法、静压直接转变法与晶种触媒法, 分别用于生产磨料级金刚石、微细金刚石粉末和人造宝石级金刚石。 + + +化学气相沉积法(CVD)原理:在超高温与低压条件下从氮、甲烷、氢气的混合气体中离解出活性碳原子,通过控制沉积生长条件促使碳原子在晶体上沉积交互生长出金刚石晶体。技术应用上,CVD法可细分为微波等离子体CVD法、直流电弧等离子体法、热丝CVD法和火焰燃烧CVD法,四种细分CVD法原理相同,仅是碳原子沉积设备有所差异。当前微波等离子体法是CVD技术合成钻石的主流方法,具备无污染,质量高,纯度高,生长面积可控等优势。工业领域中,高温高压法用于培育小颗粒金刚石单晶,可应用于制作超硬材料,化学气相沉积法可生长单层金刚石,可应用于光、电、声等功能性材料。消费领域中,高温高压法技术成熟,生长速度较快,成本优势明显;化学气相沉积法可合成5克拉以上的大颗粒培育钻石,虽具备高净度的特点,但培育周期较长,生产成本高昂,钻石颜色控制难度较高。 + +图表 32: 培育钻石 HPHT 与 CVD 技术对比 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
类型项目高温高压法(HPHT )化学气相沉积法(CVD )
合成技术主要原料石墨粉、金属触媒粉含碳气体、氢气
生产设备六面顶压机CVD 沉积设备
合成环境高温高压环境高温低压环境
合成产品主要产品金刚石单晶、培育钻石金刚石膜、培育钻石
产品特点颗粒状片状
培育钻石生长速度快、成本低、纯净度稍差,宜合成1 -5ct 钻石 周期长、成本高、颜色不易控制、净度高,易合成5ct 以上钻石
应用情况应用领域金刚石单晶用于加工工具的核心耗材,培育钻用于饰品主要作为光、电、声等功能性材料,少量用于工具和饰品
主要性能超硬、耐磨、抗腐蚀等力学性能光、电、磁、声、热等性能
应用程度技术成熟,国内应用广泛且在全球具备明显优势国外技术相对成熟,国内尚处于研究阶段,应用成果较少
+ +资料来源:力量钻石招股书、国盛证券研究所 diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00062.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00062.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..4f4b3fbb8f8279bfa04c11d560976d113e61f918 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00062.md @@ -0,0 +1,34 @@ +## 高镍化:材料厂加速布局,龙头享受技术溢价 + +SCS 东吴证券 +SOOCHOW SECURITIES + +◆ 头部电池厂完成技术布局,实现小批量出货。松下、LG新能源、三星SDI、SKI等电池龙头,都已经宣布即将量产甚至已经量产镍含量90%的新型电池产品,宁德时代规划中,现有的高镍811体系,到下一步高镍+硅体系产业化的应用,有望实现300Wh/kg能量密度,超高镍+硅体系未来也有希望冲击400Wh/kg的能量密度。 + +◆ 正极龙头厂商实现大批量出货,完成技术卡位,获得超额技术溢价。容百科技高镍布局领先,在Ni90型超高镍实现国内外客户小批量供应,Ni95及以上超高镍材料实现小试工艺定型,我们预计2022年上半年实现超高镍产品大批量出货;当升科技Ni90型高镍多元材料实现向海外大批量出口,Ni95产品已完成国际客户验证。正极利润点在于一体化降本+技术领先,超高镍技术壁垒价高短期溢价较强,我们预计加工费较8系产品更高,毛利率大幅高于5系和6系,享受技术溢价。 + +图 超高镍三元材料及三元前驱体进展 + +
企业进展
容百科技Ni90型超高镍实现国内外客户小批量供应,Ni95及以上超高镍材料实现小试工艺定型
当升科技Ni90型高镍多元材料实现向海外大批量出口,Ni95产品已完成国际客户验证
中伟股份8系产品及9系产品均取得突破,其中无钴单晶完成批量认证和审厂
格林美高镍低钴9系高镍前驱体批量供货
巴莫科技9系NCM、NCMA进入量产阶段
+ +图 超高镍三元电池进展 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
企业进展
宁德时代Ni90 型超高镍实现国内外客户小批量供应,Ni95 及以上超高镍材料实现小试工艺定型
松下已经向特斯拉大规模供应钴含量低于5 %的NCA 电池
LG ES为特斯拉供应高镍NCMA 四元圆柱电池,22 年为通用汽车生产供应NCMA 四元电池
SKI19 年宣布年内开发镍含量达90 %的下一代高镍电池,2021 展示了最新的NCM 9/0.5/0.5体系
三星SDI已经开始生产镍含量达91 %的NCA 圆柱电池,将应用在电动汽车领域
diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00063.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00063.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..e8fdf9b70bc6a7498c156acd5b2d7b2f3f786580 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00063.md @@ -0,0 +1,50 @@ +## 教育 + +## 粉笔科技:技术赋能培训,OMO融合发展 + +公司为线上+线下融合快速发展的职业考试培训龙头。公司业务起始于2013年,目前主要通过在线及线下的方式提供公考、事业单位招录、教师招录等招录和资格考试培训课程。公司于2022年2月28日向港交所递交招股书。 + +线下培训扩张驱动收入规模高增长,正价付费人次快速提升。公司 2020 年 /2021Q1-Q3 营业收入分别为 21.32/26.33 亿元,同增 83.7%/79.5%;正价课付费人次同增 33.0%/57.7% 至 179.3/204.8 万人。公司业务源于在线培训,于 2020 年 5 月大范围推广线下培训,驱动了收入规模的快速增长,2021Q1-Q3 线下培训营收占比已达到 49.8%,形成线上+线下并行高速发展格局。 + +职业考试培训行业:市场规模稳健增长,渗透率持续提升。我国职业考试培训市场规模有望从2020年的646亿元提升至2026年的1230亿元,CAGR达到11.3%。分品类看,公职人员/事业单位/教师招录考试培训2020年市场规模126/115/67亿元,至2026年市场规模268/184/153亿元,CAGR分别为13.4%/8.1%/14.8%。就业竞争加剧、技术升级以及OMO一体化为驱动市场规模增长,亦驱动培训渗透率从2020年的26.4%提升至2026年的33.1%。职业考试培训机构竞争格局呈现长尾态势,2020年CR5=27.4%,公司以2020年19亿的培训收入获得2.9%的市场占有率,位列行业第三名 + +在线用户规模领先,线上线下融合发展。公司作为在线职业考试培训的先行者,具备在线培训课程、在线学习产品以及粉笔在线平台等丰富的产品矩阵,截至 2021 年末已累积超过 3770 万名注册用户以及 4530 万线上付费人次。基于在线庞大用户池,公司 2021 年所有线下课程付费学员中约 67.5% 来自在线产品付费用户。公司线下渠道快速铺开,截至 2021 年末已覆盖中国 31 个省、自治区及直辖市的 260 多个城市,共拥有 363 个运营中心。公司具备专业研发及讲师团队,课程迭代能力强,并对讲师进行严格筛选以及系统性培训,确保讲师紧跟学员需求、录取标准、考试数据、考试要求及其他关键行业趋势的变化。 + +募集资金用途。公司本次递交招股书的募集资金用途包括:1)加强和升级现有课程内容,特别是教师资格/教师招录/考研课程;2)开发和推出需求高且增长潜力大的职业技能培训课程,如信息技术及烹饪技术;3)加强技术开发能力和改善技术及基础设施;4)招聘更多经验丰富的内容开发人员,加强内容开发能力;5)选择性寻求投资及收购机遇,帮助渗透中国非学历职业教育培训市场的邻近领域;6)通过各种渠道投放广告及举办促销活动,为新开发的课程开展营销活动;7)营运资本及一般企业用途。 + +风险提示:招录政策变化不确定性风险;市场竞争加剧;线下业务招生不及预期;疫情复发风险。 + +## 增持(维持) + +## 行业走势 + + + +## 作者 + +分析师 鞠兴海 + +执业证书编号:S0680518030002 + +邮箱:juxinghai@gszq.com + +分析师 孟鑫 + +执业证书编号:S0680520090003 + +邮箱:mengxin@gszq.com + +研究助理 李宣霖 + +执业证书编号:S0680120040029 + +邮箱:lixuanlin@gszq.com + +## 相关研究 + +1、《教育:民办高教 FY21 年报总结:稳健增长延续,政策趋向明朗》2021-12-10 + +2、《教育:政策导向明晰,高教/职教前途明朗》 +2021-11-18 + +3、《教育:政策分析:职教再出政策利好,首推民办高教板块》2021-10-13 diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00064.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00064.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..3775ad311187c17f3e79fcd7bfbaecf810555f4b --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00064.md @@ -0,0 +1,142 @@ +## 比亚迪(002594.SZ) + +## 汽车业务高速增长,新能源车市占率持续提升 + +增持 + +## 核心观点 + +营业收入增长 38%,归母净利润同比下降 28%。公司 2021 年实现营收 2161 亿元,同比增长 38%;毛利润 281 亿元,同比减少 7%;归母净利润 30.5 亿元,同比减少 28%;毛利率/净利率分别为 13.0%/1.4%,同比减少 6.4/1.3pct。2021 年四季度营收 710 亿元,同比增长 38%,环比增长 31%;毛利润 93 亿元,同比增长 9%,环比增长 29%;归母净利润 6 亿元,同比减少 27%,环比减少 53%;毛利率/净利率分别为 13.1%/0.8%,同比减少 3.5/0.7pct,环比减少 0.2/1.5pct。 + +三大业务稳定增长,毛利下行主因成本压力和结构变化。2021年公司汽车/手机/电池业务营收分别为1,124.9/864.5/164.7亿元,同比增长34%/44%/36%,占主营业务收入的52%/40%/8%。由于公司汽车、电池等业务的重要原材料价格如碳酸锂等大幅上涨,营业成本同比增幅近50%。三大业务毛利率分别下降7.8/3.6/8.2pct至17.4%/7.6%/11.9%,整体毛利率下降6.4pct至13.0%。 + +期间费用控制较好,资产减值影响净利润。2021年公司销售/管理/研发/财务费用分别为60.8/57.1/79.9/17.9亿元,占收入比重为3%/3%/4%/1%,销售和管理费用率同比持平,研发和财务费用率均同比降低1pct,费用率合计同比降低2pct。2021年公司归母净利率为1.4%,同比降低1.3pct,除了受到毛利率下降的影响,还因公司全年计提资产减值损失/信用减值损失8.6/3.9亿元,合计金额12.5亿元。我们推测与公司光伏业务的存货以及资本化的研发投入减值有关。 + +新能源车趋势向好,公司市占率领跑行业。2021年中国产销汽车2,608.2/2,627.5万辆,同比增长3.4%/3.8%。其中,新能源车市场呈现爆发式增长,全年产销354.5/352.1万辆,均同比增长约1.6倍。2022年3月前三周渗透率高达30%,年底有望突破40%。公司2021年销售新能源乘用车59.3万,同比高增2.3倍,其中纯电乘用车/插混乘用车销售32.0/27.3万辆,同比大增1.4/4.7倍。截至2022年2月,公司纯电乘用车/插混乘用车市占率高达18%/59%,行业龙头地位稳固。 + +风险提示:原材料价格大幅上涨,疫情反复和芯片紧缺影响产能释放和交付,新车型销量不及预期。 + +投资建议:考虑到 2022 年原材料价格持续上涨、局部地区疫情反复的影响,我们下调 2022 年的盈利预测,预计 22/23/24 年 EPS 为 2.20/4.24/7.60 元(原为 3.02/4.02/6.52 元),维持“增持”评级。 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
盈利预测和财务指标202020212022E2023E2024E
营业收入(百万元)156,598216,142373,904492,791606,676
(+/-%)22.6%38.0%73.0%31.8%23.1%
净利润(百万元)4234304563931234722139
(+/-%)162.3%-28.1%109.9%93.2%79.3%
每股收益(元)1.551.052.204.247.60
EBIT Margin12.0%6.2%3.0%4.0%5.7%
净资产收益率(ROE )7.4%3.2%6.6%12.3%20.6%
市盈率(PE )148.1219.7104.754.230.2
EV/EBITDA24.531.752.436.525.3
市净率(PB )11.027.046.906.646.23
+ +资料来源:Wind、国信证券经济研究所预测 + +注:摊薄每股收益按最新总股本计算 + +## 公司研究·财报点评 + +## 汽车・乘用车 + +证券分析师:唐旭霞 + +0755-81981814 + +tangxx@guosen.com.cn + +S0980519080002 + +联系人:余晓飞 + +0755-81981306 + +yuxiaofei1@guosen.com.cn + +## 基础数据 + +
投资评级 增持(维持)
合理估值
收盘价229.80 元
总市值/流通市值668948/517739 百万元
52 周最高价/最低价333.33/140.97 元
近3个月日均成交额4596.73 百万元
+ +## 市场走势. + + + +资料来源:Wind、国信证券经济研究所整理 + +## 相关研究报告 + +《比亚迪(002594.SZ)-2月新能源市占率接近30%,多款新车型蓄势待发》——2022-03-06 + +《比亚迪-002594-重大事件快评:1月销量跑赢行业,进入全球品牌价值500强》——2022-02-06 + +《比亚迪-002594-重大事件快评:12月产销再创新高,重磅车型陆续登场》——2022-01-16 + +《比亚迪-002594-2021三季报点评:量利齐升,环比改善》—2021-10-30 + +《比亚迪-002594-重大事件快评:9月新能源销量创新高,纯电插混并驾齐驱》——2021-10-11 diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00065.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00065.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..9a83c99ac84c27b260fe9f82d8ed3658d25cc79f --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00065.md @@ -0,0 +1,24 @@ +## 金融科技之监管科技 + +## 监管机构协助推动监管科技投资 + +不少地区的监管机构在2021年对监管科技解决方案更为关注。新加坡金融管理局态度尤为积极。2021年下半年,新加坡金管局推出一系列措施,目的是提升新加坡金融服务业的人工智能水平,包括 NovA! —— 协助金融机构评估企业环境风险的技术平台,以及 Veritas —— 目的是协助金融机构利用人工智能和数据分析的人工智能治理程序。2021年下半年,香港金融管理局也推出了反洗钱合规科技实验室,鼓励发展和应用监管科技。 + +## 2021年下半年值得关注的趋势 + +— 监管科技解决方案在广泛的细分领域持续吸引投资,包括隐私权保护、欺诈防范和检测、加密货币和人力资源管理 + +— 监管科技公司在传统英美枢纽地区以外蓬勃发展 + +— 监管科技对《欧盟举报人保护指令》、《资本要求条例3》,以及与气候风险相关的压力测试要求的关注程度上升 + +— 美国在2021年12月公布《反腐败战略》,相关投资随之递升 + +— 监管机构继续支持监管科技解决方案的发展 + +“2021年监管科技市场的融资呈现上半年和下半年平分秋色的特点——并购交易在2021年上半年驱动大量投资——特别是以27亿美元收购Verafin的交易——下半年则成为后期风投交易的舞台——特别是Carta筹资5亿美元的交易。尽管美国仍吸引大量监管科技投资,欧洲摩拳擦掌,2022年将有可观增长。” + +Fabiano Gobbo +监管科技全球主管 +风险咨询服务合伙人 +毕马威国际 diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00066.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00066.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..8150d97fac14b760993da601455e54395508b2a9 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00066.md @@ -0,0 +1,25 @@ +## 区域分析之美洲 + +## 风险投资年增长超过一倍 + +美洲区金融科技投资总额(风险投资、私募基金与并购) +2018—2021* + + + +美洲区金融科技并购 +2018—2021* + + + +美洲区金融科技风险投资 +2018—2021* + + + +美洲区金融科技成长性股权投资 +2018—2021* + + + +信息来源:《金融科技动向》(2021年下半年),全球金融科技投资分析,毕马威国际(数据由PitchBook提供),*截至2021年12月31日止。 \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00067.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00067.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..a19d0ff998807e80db449b81ba6269f1e69bb7f3 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00067.md @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +图 17:部分汽车零部件公司年初以来涨跌幅(2022.01.01-2022.03.18) + + + +数据来源:Wind、东方证券研究所 + +现阶段上游原材料价格上涨对零部件行业盈利带来不利影响,拖累了行业盈利增长;但分析两轮成本上涨过程中,仍然有部分公司抗风险能力相对较强,呈现出明显分化。这些零部件公司通过产品结构升级、客户拓展及产能利用率提升等,对抗成本上涨压力,其盈利能力相对受影响较小。 + +建议关注: + +新泉股份(603179,买入)、上声电子(688533,买入)、华阳集团(002906,买入)、华域汽车(600741,买入)、拓普集团(601689,买入)、银轮股份(002126,买入)、伯特利(603596,买入)、爱柯迪(600933,买入)、德赛西威(002920,买入)、精锻科技(300258,买入)、岱美股份(603730,买入)、星宇股份(601799,买入)、继峰股份(603997,未评级)、保隆科技(603197,未评级)。 + + diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00068.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00068.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..41ec3d37232f920180f2d385e3b17a4a82b907cb --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00068.md @@ -0,0 +1,74 @@ +## 汽车电子行业深度:智能化与电动化方兴未艾,汽车电子全面成长 + +## 增持(维持) + +分析师:毛正 + +执业证书编号:S1050521120001 + +邮箱:maozheng@cfsc.com.cn + +联系人:刘煜 + +执业证书编号:S1050121110011 + +邮箱:liuy@cfsc.com.cn + +联系人:赵心怡 + +执业证书编号:S1050122030021 + +邮箱:zhaoxy@cfsc.com.cn + +## 行业相对表现 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
表现1M3M12M
电子(申万)6.619.1-2.9
沪深3001.04.0-17.1
+ +## 市场表现 + + + +资料来源:Wind,华鑫证券研究 + +## 相关研究 + +《存储芯片:现货涨价叠加智能汽车与数字经济,存储赛道方兴未艾》 +20220306 + +《电子行业2022年度策略:数字化浪潮加汽车智能化,硬科技万紫千红总是春》20220103 + +## 投资要点 + +## 特斯拉软件定义汽车,商业模式革新拉开序幕 + +特斯拉是软件定义汽车的先导者也是电动车智能车的全球领导者,在其软件服务体系中以FSD自动驾驶选装包、OTA付费升级包、高级车联网服务为核心,收费模式除了一次性前装收费,还另外包含订阅服务收费,目前特斯拉车主的FSD搭载率已向市场证明了软件创收的可能性,传统的商业模式得到颠覆,由新车制造与销售转向软件服务授权与OTA升级,逐步从零部件的升级走向服务性的软件开发的商业模式革新拉开序幕。 + +## 车载硬件架构升级,单车含硅量提升是大势所趋 + +硬件预埋支持软件迭代,架构转型倒逼硬件升级,软件数量的激增带来硬件井喷式增量,中国汽车工业协会预计汽车单车所需芯片数量将由传统燃油车的600-700颗/量增长至最高3000颗/辆。 + +细分来看,受益于自动驾驶升级及智能座舱“一芯多屏”渗透率提升,可支持高算力的车载主控SoC需求释放,市场快速扩容,同时电动化下电池管理系统和整车控制器的增加和智能化下功能应用的丰富带动车载MCU市场需求提升,未来在域控制器逐步应用的趋势下高价值32位MCU占比提升将驱动市场规模稳步增长。 + +新能源汽车渗透加速将则为功率器件市场带来巨大增量,当前单车功率半导体价值量接近传统燃油车的4-5倍,而随着电动车800v高压平台逐步落地,SiC功率器件在高端汽车市场更具优势迎来上车正当时,预计未来长期将形成Si与SiC方案共存的格局。 + +电动化、智能化下如动力系统、自动驾驶,车载娱乐、仪表盘、车身电子及照明等领域催生对模拟芯片的需求,包括电机控制器、OBC、DC/DC、BMS等,以及智能驾驶所用的传感器均将推动车载模拟芯片市场发展。 + +此外,后移动计算时代,车用存储将是未来新兴市场的增长点,汽车智能化升级算力提升下不断增长的数据量要求汽车存储芯片具有更快的数据处理速度、更大的数据存储量,以及更高的稳定性。 + +我们认为汽车三化趋势之下单车含硅量提升将是大势所趋,其中用以支持海量数据处理的AI芯片、用以环境感知与识别 + diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00069.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00069.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..57a5aae173de2879b64370e0bd84d6344fad6575 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00069.md @@ -0,0 +1,4 @@ + + + +
35.7937.59180002022/3/15
ModeIY 高性能38.7939.79100002022/3/10
39.7941.79200002022/3/15
奇瑞新能
小蚂蚁301km微糖版6.696.9930002022/3/17
6.997.3940002022/4/7
半糖版6.997.3940002022/3/17
7.397.6930002022/4/7
全糖版7.397.841002022/3/17
7.88.240002022/4/7
小蚂蚁 408km半糖版7.798.3960002022/3/17
8.398.8950002022/4/7
全糖版8.198.971002022/3/17
8.99.450002022/4/7
QQ 冰淇淋甜筒款3.794.131002022/3/17
4.14.3929002022/4/7
圣代款4.394.731002022/3/17
4.74.9929002022/4/7
零跑汽车C11豪华版15.9817.98200002022/3/19
尊享版18.9820.98200002022/3/19
性能版19.9822.98300002022/3/19
T03玛瑙版6.897.3950002022/3/26
皓玉版7.297.9970002022/3/26
琥珀版7.498.1970002022/3/26
耀晶版7.898.5970002022/3/26
晶钻版8.498.9950002022/3/26
小鹏汽车G3i46015.46-17.8216.89-18.8910700-143002022/3/21
52017.12-19.3218.19-20.39107002022/3/21
P546016.27-18.4717.79-19.7913200-152002022/3/21
51017.33-19.3318.89-21.6913600-156002022/3/21
55017.83-20.5319.39-21.8913600-156002022/3/21
60022.9324.29136002022/3/21
P748022.42-24.4223.99-25.99157002022/3/21
58625.58-26.5828.09-27.09151002022/3/21
67026.28-28.5827.29-31.7910100-326002022/3/21
670 鹏翼版36.69-36.7938.69-38.79200002022/3/21
562鹏翼性能版40.9942.99200002022/3/21
哪吒汽车U Pro610 探火版16.2816.7850002022/3/18
500 登月版14.2814.7850002022/3/18
500 环球版13.2813.7850002022/3/18
400 巡航版10.4810.9850002022/3/18
400 畅行版10.2810.5830002022/3/18
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00070.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00070.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..c58eac1fc7cafb087560134eab099be6dff24250 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00070.md @@ -0,0 +1,28 @@ +## 2. 生命科学 + +上海是全国最具影响力的生命科学产业高地之一,上海生命科学领域上市企业数量及外资研发总部数量皆位列全国首位。2022年上海生命科学产业规模已达到8,537亿元,预计2025年将突破万亿元。优质的产业基础、丰厚的科研人才及研发平台,以及全国领先的临床医院资源和便捷的融资渠道 + +图6. +上海生命科学产业规模 + + + +数据来源:上海市经济和信息化委员会,《上海市生物医药产业发展“十四五”规划》,仲量联行 + +图7. +上海生命科学从业人员、高校及研究机构分布 + + + +数据来源:仲量联行 + +构筑起上海生命科学产业成熟的生态体系,吸引了众多国内外企业汇聚上海。放眼未来,庞大的市场刚需将继续驱动上海生命科学行业稳步发展。 + +生命科学产业发展离不开创新突破,以一类国产创新药为例,上海研发的新药获批数量位居全国第一。创新发展需要丰厚的人才基础,截至2022年,上海生命科学从业人员达到27.8万人,其中国家级人才超过1,000位,院士、长江学者等高水平人才占全国的1/5。上海丰富的高校及研发机构资源为技术创新持续注入人才活力,与生命科学企业、全市各临床医院形成“产学研医”相结合的良性互动,助力上海成为全国首屈一指的生命科学产业高地。就融资环境而言,具有创新技术并具有较高附加值的赛道持续受到资本青睐,这些生产要素支撑生命科学产业稳健发展。过去两年,生命科学企业已成为上海产业园区租赁市场最重要的需求来源之一,其租赁需求在园区内的占比高达25%。近期在整体投资趋冷的环境下,细分赛道的租赁需求与所获融资呈正相关,包括创新药、基因诊断、细胞疗法等蕴含创新技术的企业仍是园区需求的主要来源。 + +图8. +2023上半年生命科学产业投融资金额占比 + + + +数据来源:医药魔方,探针资本,仲量联行 \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00071.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00071.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..0a78f69331f4ca5b5bab3c133980baf35c5d14eb --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00071.md @@ -0,0 +1,99 @@ +## 【项目案例】 + +## ◆ 南京招商璀璨璟园: + +开发商:招商蛇口 + +江宁核心区的璀璨璟园,区域配套非常完善。项目位于竹山路商圈的核心腹地,周围就有景枫城市综合体(在建)、龙湖龙湾天街等重要商业地标,一河之隔更是南京第二商圈—百家湖。15分钟内,可以到达江宁多个重要商圈。 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
开盘时间入住时间精装套数楼盘售价(元/㎡)装修标准(元/㎡)橱柜品牌烟机品牌灶具品牌洗碗机品牌
20230725.10904350004000欧卡罗、柏厨方太方太方太
净水器品牌智能坐便器品牌洗面盆品牌浴霸品牌壁挂炉品牌中央空调品牌可视对讲品牌智能门锁品牌智能家居系统品牌
通用GE科勒科勒奥普菲斯曼松下小度樱花博联
+ +## ◆ 杭州桃境满元里: + +开发商:杭州城建(大家房产) + +项目介绍:“大家房产,稳健匠筑41载。秉承“大美为家”品牌主张,以追求高阶生活理念的初心,携手国企实力巨擘——杭地发展,联袂匠著,深耕丁桥品质人居,再续杭州湖滨风雅。项目位于丁兰新城CLD中央生活区的桃花湖公园畔,镜像西湖“湖滨格局”,回归一面悠然自得,一面人间烟火的优雅洋房生活。 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
开盘时间入住时间精装套数楼盘售价
(元/㎡)
装修标准
(元/㎡)
橱柜品牌烟机品牌灶具品牌洗碗机品牌
20230726.03418343703500订制老板老板老板
坐便器品牌坐便器品牌花洒品牌浴霸品牌开关插座品牌热水器品牌中央空调品牌可视对讲品牌智能门锁品牌
科勒科勒科勒奥普西蒙耀罡、威能日立海康威视萤石
+ +注:以上信息来源于奥维云网监测数据库摘要,如需查看更多项目,欢迎联系! diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00072.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00072.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..fdd1fb5610879ffab90687cdf848d38eb716bb97 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00072.md @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +our comprehensive molecular profiling solutions and the data generated by our multi-omic technology platform is well-suited to address the limitations and challenges of today’s molecular testing alternatives. + +## Our Market Opportunity and Vision for Leveraging Molecular Information + +We believe we are well-positioned to pursue a very large market opportunity through the provision of precision medicine solutions across the entire cancer care continuum, as well as offerings to support biopharma drug discovery and development. Broad, deep, and consistent molecular information is expected to drive better clinical outcomes for patients and more efficient and effective drug discovery and development for biopharma companies. We believe our expansive multi-omic technology platform has application across multiple clinical and biopharma settings that collectively represent an estimated total addressable U.S. market of approximately $150 billion in oncology, according to a market study by Nephron Research LLC (“Nephron Research”) that we commissioned. + + + +## Early Detection of Cancer in the Asymptomatic Population + +The availability of an MCED blood-based profiling solution offers the potential to augment and disrupt the standard of care in preventative cancer screening. Preventative cancer screening today is limited to a small group of high prevalence cancers, including cervical, breast, colon, lung, and prostate cancers. Low adherence rates are common among patients with several of these cancers due to challenges related to socioeconomic status, age, personal attitudes and beliefs, awareness gaps, and lack of access to healthcare facilities and social support, among other factors. For example, the American Lung Association estimates that in 2021, there were approximately 14 million high-risk individuals in the United States who were eligible for lung cancer screening using low-dose CT scans yet only approximately 0.6 million screenings were completed, representing a dismal screening recommendation adherence rate of 4.5%. An MCED blood-based profiling solution that entails a minimally invasive blood draw could expand the reach of testing to more cancers and drive higher adoption in this market. + diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00073.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00073.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..4d4304cb5b682e27f2b1a82cd5ca070f28d31eca --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00073.md @@ -0,0 +1,125 @@ +21 of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000, as amended) may otherwise lawfully be communicated or caused to be communicated. RMB Morgan Stanley Proprietary Limited is a member of the JSE Limited and A2X (Pty) Ltd. RMB Morgan Stanley Proprietary Limited is a joint venture owned equally by Morgan Stanley International Holdings Inc. and RMB Investment Advisory (Proprietary) Limited, which is wholly owned by FirstRand Limited. The information in Morgan Stanley Research is being disseminated by Morgan Stanley Saudi Arabia, regulated by the Capital Market Authority in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, and is directed at Sophisticated investors only. + +Morgan Stanley Hong Kong Securities Limited is the liquidity provider/market maker for securities of Cathay Pacific Airways listed on the Stock Exchange of Hong Kong Limited. An updated list can be found on HKEx website: http://www.hkex.com.hk. + +The information in Morgan Stanley Research is being communicated by Morgan Stanley & Co. International plc (DIFC Branch), regulated by the Dubai Financial Services Authority (the DFSA) or by Morgan Stanley & Co. International plc (ADGM Branch), regulated by the Financial Services Regulatory Authority Abu Dhabi (the FSRA), and is directed at Professional Clients only, as defined by the DFSA or the FSRA, respectively. The financial products or financial services to which this research relates will only be made available to a customer who we are satisfied meets the regulatory criteria of a Professional Client. A distribution of the different MS Research ratings or recommendations, in percentage terms for Investments in each sector covered, is available upon request from your sales representative. + +The information in Morgan Stanley Research is being communicated by Morgan Stanley & Co. International plc (QFC Branch), regulated by the Qatar Financial Centre Regulatory Authority (the QFCRA), and is directed at business customers and market counterparties only and is not intended for Retail Customers as defined by the QFCRA. + +As required by the Capital Markets Board of Turkey, investment information, comments and recommendations stated here, are not within the scope of investment advisory activity. Investment advisory service is provided exclusively to persons based on their risk and income preferences by the authorized firms. Comments and recommendations stated here are general in nature. These opinions may not fit to your financial status, risk and return preferences. For this reason, to make an investment decision by relying solely to this information stated here may not bring about outcomes that fit your expectations. + +The trademarks and service marks contained in Morgan Stanley Research are the property of their respective owners. Third-party data providers make no warranties or representations relating to the accuracy, completeness, or timeliness of the data they provide and shall not have liability for any damages relating to such data. The Global Industry Classification Standard (GICS) was developed by and is the exclusive property of MSCI and S&P. + +Morgan Stanley Research, or any portion thereof may not be reprinted, sold or redistributed without the written consent of Morgan Stanley. + +Indicators and trackers referenced in Morgan Stanley Research may not be used as, or treated as, a benchmark under Regulation EU 2016/1011, or any other similar framework. + +The issuers and/or fixed income products recommended or discussed in certain fixed income research reports may not be continuously followed. Accordingly, investors should regard those fixed income research reports as providing stand-alone analysis and should not expect continuing analysis or additional reports relating to such issuers and/or individual fixed income products. Morgan Stanley may hold, from time to time, material financial and commercial interests regarding the company subject to the Research report. + +Registration granted by SEBI and certification from the National Institute of Securities Markets (NISM) in no way guarantee performance of the intermediary or provide any assurance of returns to investors. Investment in securities market are subject to market risks. Read all the related documents carefully before investing. + +## INDUSTRY COVERAGE: Hong Kong/China Transportation & Infrastructure + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
COMPANY (TICKER)RATING (AS OF)PRICE* (05/30/2025)
Qianlei Fan, CFA
Air China Limited (601111.SS)E (01/13/2025)Rmb8.02
Air China Limited (0753.HK)O (01/13/2025)HK$5.92
Beijing-Shanghai High-Speed Railway (601816.SS)0 (07/03/2020)Rmb5.86
BOC Aviation (2588.HK)O (03/21/2022)HK$63.45
Cathay Pacific Airways (0293.HK)E (06/24/2024)HK$10.56
China Eastern Airlines (600115.SS)E (01/13/2025)Rmb4.03
China Eastern Airlines (0670.HK)O (01/13/2025)HK$3.00
China Merchants Energy Shipping Co. Ltd. (601872.SS)O (03/10/2020)Rmb6.05
China Southern Airlines (600029.SS)E (01/13/2025)Rmb6.09
China Southern Airlines (1055.HK)O (01/13/2025)HK$3.90
COSCO SHIPPING Energy Transportation (1138.HK)O (01/12/2023)HK$6.12
COSCO SHIPPING Energy Transportation (600026.SS)E (01/12/2023)Rmb10.10
COSCO Shipping Holdings Ltd (601919.SS)U (07/15/2024)Rmb16.39
COSCO Shipping Holdings Ltd (1919.HK)U (07/15/2024)HK$13.54
J&T Global Express Ltd (1519.HK)E (08/21/2024)HK$6.83
JD Logistics, Inc. (2618.HK)E (12/29/2023)HK$12.44
Orient Overseas (International) Ltd (0316.HK)U (07/15/2024)HK$135.10
Pacific Basin Shipping (2343.HK)O (03/01/2021)HK$1.94
S.F. Holding Co Ltd (002352.SZ)E (02/26/2024)Rmb46.15
SITC International Holdings Company (1308.HK)E (01/12/2023)HK$25.05
Spring Airlines (601021.SS)0 (08/31/2015)Rmb58.80
TravelSky Technology (0696.HK)U (01/13/2025)HK$11.16
YTO Express Group Co Ltd (600233.SS)E (12/04/2024)Rmb13.18
YUNDA Holding Co Ltd (002120.SZ)U (07/29/2020)Rmb6.97
diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00074.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00074.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..0e37a4925e524c8f707356f3ceb64e1a5abb857c --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00074.md @@ -0,0 +1,69 @@ +Select Industry (SPSIINS) for US Non-Life Insurers coverage, and the Bloomberg Emerging Markets Financials Large, Mid and Small Cap Price Return Index (EMLSF) for emerging market banks and insurers and Payments. Ratings are stated relative to the sector (not the market). + +The Autonomous brand has three categories of ratings: + +· Outperform (OP): Stock will outpace the relevant index by more than 10 pp + +· Neutral (N): Stock will perform in line with the market index to within +/-10 pp + +· Underperform (UP): Stock will trail the performance of the relevant index by more than 10 pp + +Coverage Suspended: Coverage of a company under the Bernstein research brand has been suspended. Ratings and price targets are suspended temporarily, are no longer current, and should therefore not be relied upon. +Not Rated: A rating assigned when the stock cannot be accurately valued, or the performance of the company accurately predicted, at the present time. The covering analyst may continue to publish research reports on the company to update investors on events and developments. + +Those denoted as ‘Feature’ (e.g., Feature Outperform FOP, Feature Under Outperform FUP) are our core ideas. Not Covered (NC) denotes companies that are not under coverage. + +## Horizon and classification + +For both brands, recommendations are based on a 12-month time horizon. + +## DISTRIBUTION OF RATINGS/INVESTMENT BANKING SERVICES + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
RatingMarket Abuse Regulation(MAR)and FINRA Rule 2241 classificationCountPercentCount*Percent*
OutperformBUY57351.76%10919.02%
Market-Perform (Bernstein Brand)
Neutral (Autonomous Brand)
HOLD38734.96%6717.31%
UnderperformSELL14713.28%1912.93%
+ +\* These figures represent the number and percentage of companies in each category to whom affiliates of Bernstein and Autonomous provided investment banking services. +As of April 9, 2025. All figures are updated quarterly. + +## PRICE CHARTS/ RATINGS AND PRICE TARGET HISTORY + +This research publication covers six or more companies. For price chart and other company disclosures, please visit https://bernstein-autonomous.bluematrix.com/sellside/Disclosures.action or you can write to the Director of Compliance, Bernstein Institutional Services LLC, 245 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10167. + +## CONFLICTS OF INTEREST + +Bernstein Autonomous LLP or BSG France SA, beneficially, has either a net long or short position of 0.5% or more of the total issued share capital of a class of common equity securities of the following MiFID eligible securities: Eli Lilly & Co and Gilead Sciences Inc + +Bernstein and/or affiliates have received compensation for investment banking services in the past twelve months from AbbVie Inc. + +Bernstein and/or affiliates have received compensation for investment banking services in the past twelve months from Gilead Sciences Inc. + +Bernstein and/or affiliates have received compensation for non-investment banking securities-related products or services in the previous twelve months from the following clients: AbbVie Inc, Amgen Inc, Bristol-Myers Squibb Co, Gilead Sciences Inc, Merck & Co Inc and Pfizer Inc. + +An affiliate of Bernstein has received compensation for non-investment banking securities-related products or services in the previous twelve months from the following clients: Gilead Sciences Inc, Merck & Co Inc and Pfizer Inc. diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00075.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00075.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..ebed8f62c3de9a50ed9d4dae4067abbc03dd6576 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00075.md @@ -0,0 +1,151 @@ +## Global Macro Strategy Team + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
MORGAN STANLEY & CO.LLCMatthew Hornbach, CMT +Matthew.Hornbach@morganstanley.comGlobal Head of Macro Strategy+1 212 761-1837
Alexandra MaierGlobal Macro Commentary+1 212 761-0428
Martin Tobias, CFA, CMTUS Rates Strategist+1 212 761-6076
Francesco GrechiUS Rates Strategist+1 212 761-1009
Aryaman SinghUS Rates Strategist+1 212 761-1993
Eli CarterUS Rates Strategist+1 212 761-4703
MORGAN STANLEY & CO.LLCAndrew WatrousG10 FX Strategist+1 212 761-5287
Zoë K. StraussG10 FX Strategist+1 212 761-0407
Molly NickolinG10 FX Strategist+1 212 761-3592
Simon Waever +Simon.Waever@morganstanley.comHead of EM Sovereign Credit and Latin +America Fixed Income Strategy+1 212 296-8101
loana ZamfirLatin America Macro Strategist+1 212 761-4012
Emma CerdaLatin America Sovereign Credit+1 212 761-2344
MORGAN STANLEY & CO. +INTERNATIONAL PLCJames K. Lord +James.Lord@morganstanley.comGlobal Head of FXEM Strategy+44 20 7677-3254
Gianluca Salford +Luca.Salford@morganstanley.comHead of European Rates Strategy+44 20 7677-1337
Lorenzo TestaEuro Area Rates Strategist+44 20 7677-0337
Fabio Bassanin, CFAUK Rates Strategist+44 20 7425-1869
Maria Chiara RussOEuro Area Rates Strategist+44 20 7425-1869
David S. Adams, CFA +David.S.Adams@morganstanley.comHead of G10 FX Strategy+44 20 7425-3518
Dominic KrummenacherG10 FX Strategist+44 20 7425-9781
Neville MandimikaCEEMEA Sovereign Credit Strategist+44 20 7425-2509
Arnav GuptaCEEMEA Rates Strategist+44 20 7677-0382
Pascal BodeEM Sovereign Credit Strategist+44 20 7425-3282
David Cueva OemerCEEMEA Rates Strategist+44 20 7425-2143
MORGAN STANLEY ASIA +LIMITED+Gek Teng KhooAXJ Macro Strategist+8523963-0303
MORGAN STANLEY MUFG +SECURITIES CO.,LTD.Koichi Sugisaki +Koichi.Sugisaki@morganstanleymufg.comHead of Japan Macro Strategy+81 3 6836-8428
Hiromu Uezato +Hiromu.Uezato@morganstanleymufg.comJapan Macro Strategist+81 3 6836-8431
+ diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00076.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00076.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..197f73f3e83ee5745c3329e8cb633de13391f009 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00076.md @@ -0,0 +1,166 @@ +If you are visually impaired and would like to speak to a Citi representative regarding the details of the graphics in this document, please call USA 1-888-800-5008 (TTY: 711), from outside the US +1-210-677-3788 + +## Appendix A-1 + +## ANALYST CERTIFICATION + +The research analysts primarily responsible for the preparation and content of this research report are either (i) designated by “AC” in the author block or (ii) listed in bold alongside content which is attributable to that analyst. If multiple AC analysts are designated in the author block, each analyst is certifying with respect to the entire research report other than (a) content attributable to another AC certifying analyst listed in bold alongside the content and (b) views expressed solely with respect to a specific issuer which are attributable to another AC certifying analyst identified in the price charts or rating history tables for that issuer shown below. Each of these analysts certify, with respect to the sections of the report for which they are responsible: (1) that the views expressed therein accurately reflect their personal views about each issuer and security referenced and were prepared in an independent manner, including with respect to Citigroup Global Markets Inc. and its affiliates; and (2) no part of the research analyst’s compensation was, is, or will be, directly or indirectly, related to the specific recommendations or views expressed by that research analyst in this report. + +## IMPORTANT DISCLOSURES + +AutoZone, Inc. (AZO) + +Ratings and Target Price History + +Fundamental Research + +Analyst: Steven Zaccone, CFA + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
DateRatingTarget PriceClosing Price
$\boxed{1}$ 19-Sep-22 16:45:481*2,520.002,097.59
$\boxed{2}$ 06-Dec-22 15:50:581*2,782.002,456.92
$\boxed{3}$ 17-May-23 03:00:001*3,125.002,679.55
$\boxed{4}$ 30-May-23 06:32:221*3,020.002,454.64
+ +
DateRatingTarget PriceClosing Price
$\boxed{5}$ 16-Oct-23 03:00:121*3,040.002,602.75
$\boxed{6}$ 01-Mar-24 15:41:421*3,505.003,035.99
$\boxed{7}$ 07-May-24 03:00:001*3,420.002,990.65
$\boxed{8}$ 22-May-24 03:00:001*3,250.002,772.64
+ +
DateRatingTarget PriceClosing Price
$\boxed{9}$ 08-Aug-24 05:39:181*3,787.003,157.02
$\boxed{10}$ 25-Sep-24 03:00:001*3,500.003,108.97
$\boxed{11}$ 11-Dec-24 03:00:001*3,900.003,342.72
+ +*Indicates Change +Rating/target price changes above reflect Eastern Time + +## Advance Auto Parts, Inc. (AAP) + +Ratings and Target Price History +Fundamental Research + +Analyst: Steven Zaccone, CFA + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
DateRatingTarget PriceClosing Price
1 01-Sep-22 21:00:491*216.00172.15
2 17-Nov-22 05:00:00*2*161.00148.31
3 27-Jan-23 05:00:002*159.00147.44
4 28-Feb-23 17:05:292*153.00144.96
5 17-May-23 03:00:002*126.00122.10
6 31-May-23 13:27:152*76.0072.89
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
DateRatingTarget PriceClosing Price
7 25-Aug-23 17:00:002*69.0064.08
8 16-Oct-23 03:00:122*53.0053.59
9 15-Nov-23 18:57:192*60.0055.67
10 01-Mar-24 15:41:422*70.0069.26
11 21-Jun-24 17:18:332*68.0065.76
12 08-Aug-24 05:39:182*64.0060.92
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
DateRatingTarget PriceClosing Price
13 22-Aug-24 17:53:382*55.0051.10
14 15-Nov-24 07:54:152*44.0037.69
15 21-Feb-25 03:00:002*47.0043.44
16 27-Feb-25 03:00:002*40.0036.96
+ +*Indicates Change +Rating/target price changes above reflect Eastern Time diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00077.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00077.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..ee3aa31b0afb9ce4edda336de7001909afb55ecc --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00077.md @@ -0,0 +1,44 @@ + +## Charting the focal points + +## Figure 1: Global markets | Performance since April trough +Markets across the globe have rallied sharply the post Liberation Day lows of early April, with Tech very much in the vanguard. + + + +Source: Bloomberg Finance L.P. Trough measured on 7th April for AU indices and 8th April for rest of world. Note: Past performance is not an indicator of future results + +## Figure 2: Global markets | YTD performance +China and Europe are leading the YTD performance standings, with most of the US indices still in the red. + + + +Source: Bloomberg Finance L.P. Note: Past performance is not an indicator of future results + +## Figure 3: AU GICS | Performance since April trough +Australian performance has been led by Tech since the trough, with the sector climbing by over 40%. Defensives have lagged. + + + +Source: Bloomberg Finance L.P. Market trough measured on 7th April for AU indices and 8th April for rest of world. Note: Past performance is not an indicator of future results + +## Figure 4: Global markets | 12-month forward EPS revision April trough +EPS revisions have been mostly negative since early April, with Australia the principal laggard (Mining and Energy). + + + +Source: Bloomberg Finance L.P. Market trough measured on 7$^{th}$ April for AU indices and 8$^{th}$ April for rest of world. + +## Figure 5: Global markets | P/E multiple expansion since April trough +Falling earnings and sharply rising share prices have led to marked multiple expansion across the globe. + + + +Source: Bloomberg Finance L.P. Trough measured on 7$^{th}$ April for AU and 8$^{th}$ April for RoW. + +## Figure 6: Equity breadth close to 10Y lows as bond yields spike +The equal-weight ASX 200 index has deeply underperformed the headline ASX 200 over the past 4 years. + + + +Source: Bloomberg Finance L.P. diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00078.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00078.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..a87bb63e374cf212068b274ccf96acf984ed767f --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00078.md @@ -0,0 +1,32 @@ +## Key GS Energy Research Reports + +## GS Energy Research for the Week + +E&P: Gas: Front Month Gas Volatility Likely But 2026 Set Up Remains Favorable; Prefer EQT, EXE, KMI + +Cenovus Energy Inc. (CVE): See Long-Term Value with West White Rose, Despite Near-Term Headwinds + +Hess Corp. (HES): Takeaways from Boston: Guyana Ramp Continues to Progress Well + +Power Tracker: Solid US Power Demand: Bottom Up and Top Down + +Par Pacific Holdings (PARR): Lower to Neutral After Recent Relative and Absolute Performance; Prefer Buy-Rated VLO, MPC, DINO + +Oil Comment: GS Top Projects Takeaways: Strong Supply in 2025-2026, Tighter Later + +Global Nuclear: The Playbook for Energy Transition [Replay] + +Nuscale Power Corp. (SMR): A positive step toward commercialization and customer adoption; larger 77MW design receives NRC approval + +Research Unplugged: The Nuclear Playbook for Energy Transition + +Shoals Technologies (SHLS): Takeaways from virtual investor meeting; Buy + +Americas Clean Energy: Nuclear: Trump signs executive orders expected to accelerate adoption of nuclear power within the US + +Oil Comment: GS Top Projects Takeaways: Strong Supply in 2025-2026, Tighter Later + +Chart Industries (GTLS): Focus on Potential Estimate Revisions from Forward LNG Orders; Maintain Neutral + +Americas Basic Materials: Mid-Quarter Channel Checks - US steel demand reportedly still steady despite increased macro uncertainty + diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00079.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00079.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..8b20f52f090381aaf1dcaf8cd90a9c57ce3b78d8 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00079.md @@ -0,0 +1,27 @@ +Conversely, long-end issuance has been particularly slow in countries like Ireland, Portugal, Finland and Belgium. Although somewhat expected, perhaps this helps in explaining, besides macro considerations, the general underperformance of core and semi core long-end vs peers (see Exhibit 28). + +Exhibit 27: In *1H25, France and Germany issued more in the 10y+ part of the curve vs history... + + + +Source: National Treasuries, Morgan Stanley Research, *As of week starting on May 19 + +Exhibit 28: ... Perhaps reflected in core vs non core long-end underperformance since the beginning of the year + + + +Source: Bloomberg, Morgan Stanley Research + +## Euro area | The noble art of forecasting + +Our forecasts reflect a model-informed building block-approach that allows us to analyze historical relationships and when necessary take stock of idiosyncratic drivers such as the ones discussed above. + +## 2y Estr + +The first building block is the easiest. We forecast 2y Estr based on 1) a very tight long-term relationship with 3m OIS spot and 1y forward; 2) a path for those variables consistent with the profile of official interest rates provided by our economics team; 3) expectations about the evolution of the Estr and depo. We expect the Estr-depo spread to become less negative (-7/-6bp) during 2026. + +## 10y Estr + +A rigorous assessment of fair value for the 10y point involves looking at estimation of terminal rate and term premium and their drivers. This is the topic of future research and beyond the scope of this forecasting exercise. We model the 10Y rate as a function of the 2y rate (see Exhibit 29) over a 10-year sample, excluding periods of negative interest rates at the short end.¹ The beta of 0.55 seems reasonable to us under most plausible scenarios, whereas the intercept of the regression captures the evolution of supply-demand imbalances etc. As discussed in a previous piece (see Still Room for 5x5 to + +1. Even though interest rates have been below zero there are well known constraints about how far negative rates can go and hence QE needed to be deployed, altering the relationship between long end and front end. \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00080.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00080.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..01d41af260d7b0c42264a07e4e404ed1fbdda5a8 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00080.md @@ -0,0 +1,81 @@ +## Risk Reward – YTO Express Group Co Ltd (600233.SS) + +## KEY EARNINGS INPUTS + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Drivers20242025e2026e2027e
Express volume growth (%)25.321.213.414.1
Express ASP growth (%)(6.7)(7.0)(3.0)(3.0)
Express unit cost growth (%)(3.9)(8.1)(2.9)(2.9)
+ +## INVESTMENT DRIVERS + +• Volume growth + +• ASP trend + +• Unit cost and margins + +## GLOBAL REVENUE EXPOSURE + + + +Source: Morgan Stanley Research Estimate +View explanation of regional hierarchies here + +## MS ALPHA MODELS + + + + + + +
2/5
MOST
3 Month
Horizon
+ +Source: Refinitiv, FactSet, Morgan Stanley Research; 1 is the highest favored Quintile and 5 is the least favored Quintile + +## RISKS TO PT/RATING + +## RISKS TO UPSIDE + +• Greater-than-expected market share gains +• Significant cost reductions led by increasing self-owned line-haul trucks and automation +• Significantly alleviated price competition + +## RISKS TO DOWNSIDE + +• Further market share loss +• Higher unit costs +• Escalated price competition + +## OWNERSHIP POSITIONING + + + +Source: Refinitiv, Morgan Stanley Research + +## MS ESTIMATES VS. CONSENSUS + + + +MORGAN STANLEY RESEARCH diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00081.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00081.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..155497bdee8c63906fd5470a78ff6bc7264dc0ef --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00081.md @@ -0,0 +1,769 @@ +## Financial Summary + +Exhibit 28: JDL: Financial Summary + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Profit & Loss (Rmb mn)202320242025E2026E2027E
Total revenue166,625182,838203,476220,760237,693
From integrated supply chain customers81,47087,35596,856102,933107,472
From other customers48,87555,10361,80068,52575,989
Cost of Revenue(153,978)(164,000)(183,390)(199,040)(214,580)
Employee benefit expenses(55,328)(61,500)(69,771)(76,175)(83,694)
Outsourcing cost(60,293)(63,300)(72,175)(77,423)(82,886)
Rental cost(12,842)(12,800)(12,726)(13,363)(14,031)
Depreciation and amortization(3,913)(4,200)(4,688)(5,588)(6,635)
Others(21,603)(22,200)(24,031)(26,491)(27,335)
Gross Profit12,64718,83820,08621,72023,113
Selling and marketing expense(4,999)15,686)(5,860)(6,292)(6,774)
R&D expense(3,571)(3,571)(3,866)(4,194)(4,516)
General and admin expense(3,353)(3,335)(3,663)(3,863)(4,160)
Operating Profit7246,2446,6977,3717,663
Other income-----
Finance income1,4041,4621,6831,8782,163
Finance expense(1,037)(1,030)(959)(940)(877)
Other non-operating expense(income)(236)47525559
Profit Before Tax8556,7247,4728,3649,007
Taxation Expense (credit)(452)(628)(1,048)(1,459)(1,572)
Net Profit, Reported4046,0966,4256,9047,436
(-) Minority interest551890476229262
Net Profit Attributable to Owners of the Company(147)5,2065,9486,6757,173
Net Profit to Owners, Non-IFRS1,9856,8677,9048,8449,454
Adj.EBIT2,3706,9447,4038,1848,483
Adj.EBITDA14,13019,12919,89621,23822,353
Diluted EPS (Rmb)0.090.941.081.211.30
Adjusted EPS (Rmb)0.301.041.191.331.42
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Balance Sheet(Rmb mn)202320242025E2026E2027E
Net fixed assets16,06016,00218,27420,28521,816
Others40,18334,12632,51530,88129,298
Total non-current assets56,24350,12850,78951,16551,114
Cash& other liquid assets33,26739,65747,48154,63463,007
Non-cash assets23,39228,08330,35832,25434,116
Total current assets56,65867,74077,83986,88897,123
Short-term debt11,72710,97810,4659,9739,502
Other current liabilities27,60528,73532,31235,77339,298
Total current liabilities39,33139,71242,77645,74648,800
Long-term debt15,52612,19214,28913,57612,895
Other long-term liabilities2,6712,9972,9972,9972,997
Total non-current liabilities18,19715,18917,28616,57315,891
Net Assets55,37462,96768,56675,73583,545
Shareholders equity48,15855,32062,75771,03479,920
Minority Interests7,2167,6475,8094,7013,625
Capital Employed55,37462,96768,56675,73583,545
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Cash Flow Statement(Rmb mn)202320242025E2026E2027E
Net profit/(loss)1,1677,0887,6838,2708,906
Depreciation and amortisation12,32812,66412,96013,62114,438
Fair value change63(353)---
Share-based payments787468230237242
Other non-cash items1,2448351,2441,5671,564
Operating cash flow before movement in working capital15,59020,70122,11723,69425,150
Capex(5,436)(5,592)(9,186)(8,921)(9,570)
(Payment)/maturity of restricted cash, deposits and financial at(1,600)3,849---
Change in working capital76290625621659
Sale of fixed assets/investments395956(418)(410)(401
Net cash used in operating and investing activities9,71020,00413,13814,98415,838
Shares issuance--000
Dividend and interests paid(1,056)(1,006)(959)(940)(877)
Net borrowings/repayment3,460(2,354)2,840--
Principal portion of lease payments(7,391)(7,200)(7,337)(7,034)(6,730
JD Group-----
Others20(386)142142142
Net cash flow4,7449,0587,8247,1538,373
Beginning cash21,49517,20725,81233,63640,789
Ending cash17,20725,81233,63640,78949,162
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Ratio Analysis202320242025E2026E2027E
Growth(%)
Total revenue21.39.711.38.57.7
From integrated supply chain customers5.27.210.96.34.4
From other customers7.212.712.210.910.9
Cost of Revenue20.96.511.88.57.8
Employee benefit expenses23.911.213.49.29.9
Outsourcing cost16.95.014.07.37.1
Rental cost14.7-0.3-0.65.05.0
Gross Profit25.749.06.68.16.4
SG&A15.35.66.37.27.7
Operating Profit-358.0762.97.310.14.0
Profit Before Tax-199.4686.111.111.97.7
Net Profit,Reported-135.51,410.25.47.57.7
Net Profit,Non-IFRS418.5245.915.111.96.9
Adj.EBIT39.3193.06.610.53.7
Adj.EBITDA25.435.44.06.75.3
Diluted EPS (Rmb)-155.7901.316.011.67.5
Adjusted EPS (Rmb)418.5244.314.811.96.9
Margins(%)
Gross profit margin7.610.39.99.89.7
EBITDA margin8.510.59.89.69.4
Operating margin0.43.43.33.33.2
Return(%)
ROE4.314.314.314.113.3
ROA1.86.06.46.66.6
Gearing(%)
Net debt/equityNANANANANA
Long-term debt/equity28.019.420.817.915.4
Total debt/equity49.236.836.131.126.8
Net interest coverage(x)2.36.77.78.79.7
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Operating Data202320242025E2026E2027E
No.of external integrated supply chain custr74,71480,70392,808101,161110,266
ARPC (in Rmb)420400388377365
Growth(%)
No.of external integrated supply chain custr(6.5)8.015.09.09.0
ARPC (in Rmb)15.2(4.8)(3.0)(3.0)(3.0)
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Modelware Valuation(x)20232024E2025E2026E2027E
P/E29.511.69.6e8.6e8.0e
P/BV1.2141.2e1.1e0.9e
EV/Sales0.40.40.3e0.2e0.2e
EV/EBIT25.310.38.0e6.1e4.6e
Dividend Yield(%)NANANANANA
MW ROE(%)1.3%12.9%13.3%e13.0%e12.3%e
+ +Source: Company data, Morgan Stanley Research Estimates diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00082.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00082.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..9832b24bf5d7186a759285dd676af630fef63ff9 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00082.md @@ -0,0 +1,37 @@ +## Australia consumer + +Figure 34: Retail sales volume | YoY + + + +Source: Bloomberg Finance L.P. + +Figure 35: Retail sales volume per capita | YoY + + + +Source: Bloomberg Finance L.P. + +Figure 36: Household savings rate + + + +Source: Bloomberg Finance L.P. + +Figure 37: Net overseas migration | Rolling 12M + + + +Source: Bloomberg Finance L.P. + +Figure 38: Retail sales volume growth | Rebased to 100 + + + +Source: Bloomberg Finance L.P. + +Figure 39: Retail sales per capita | A$ + + + +Source: Bloomberg Finance L.P. diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00083.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00083.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..23de8bcf2d74c2d678c5fdfc6ee40fd09ac52085 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00083.md @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +regulated by the Monetary Authority of Singapore, accepts legal responsibility for this research, and should be contacted with respect to any matters arising from, or in connection with, this research. Taiwan: This material is for reference only and must not be reprinted without permission. Investors should carefully consider their own investment risk. Investment results are the responsibility of the individual investor. United Kingdom: Persons who would be categorized as retail clients in the United Kingdom, as such term is defined in the rules of the Financial Conduct Authority, should read this research in conjunction with prior Goldman Sachs research on the covered companies referred to herein and should refer to the risk warnings that have been sent to them by Goldman Sachs International. A copy of these risks warnings, and a glossary of certain financial terms used in this report, are available from Goldman Sachs International on request. + +European Union and United Kingdom: Disclosure information in relation to Article 6 (2) of the European Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) (2016/958) supplementing Regulation (EU) No 596/2014 of the European Parliament and of the Council (including as that Delegated Regulation is implemented into United Kingdom domestic law and regulation following the United Kingdom’s departure from the European Union and the European Economic Area) with regard to regulatory technical standards for the technical arrangements for objective presentation of investment recommendations or other information recommending or suggesting an investment strategy and for disclosure of particular interests or indications of conflicts of interest is available at https://www.gs.com/disclosures/europeanpolicy.html which states the European Policy for Managing Conflicts of Interest in Connection with Investment Research. + +Japan: Goldman Sachs Japan Co., Ltd. is a Financial Instrument Dealer registered with the Kanto Financial Bureau under registration number Kinsho 69, and a member of Japan Securities Dealers Association, Financial Futures Association of Japan Type II Financial Instruments Firms Association, The Investment Trusts Association, Japan, and Japan Investment Advisers Association. Sales and purchase of equities are subject to commission pre-determined with clients plus consumption tax. See company-specific disclosures as to any applicable disclosures required by Japanese stock exchanges, the Japanese Securities Dealers Association or the Japanese Securities Finance Company. + +## Ratings, coverage universe and related definitions + +Buy (B), Neutral (N), Sell (S) Analysts recommend stocks as Buys or Sells for inclusion on various regional Investment Lists. Being assigned a Buy or Sell on an Investment List is determined by a stock’s total return potential relative to its coverage universe. Any stock not assigned as a Buy or a Sell on an Investment List with an active rating (i.e., a stock that is not Rating Suspended, Not Rated, Early-Stage Biotech, Coverage Suspended or Not Covered), is deemed Neutral. Each region manages Regional Conviction Lists, which are selected from Buy rated stocks on the respective region’s Investment Lists and represent investment recommendations focused on the size of the total return potential and/or the likelihood of the realization of the return across their respective areas of coverage. The addition or removal of stocks from such Conviction Lists are managed by the Investment Review Committee or other designated committee in each respective region and do not represent a change in the analysts’ investment rating for such stocks. + +Total return potential represents the upside or downside differential between the current share price and the price target, including all paid or anticipated dividends, expected during the time horizon associated with the price target. Price targets are required for all covered stocks. The total return potential, price target and associated time horizon are stated in each report adding or reiterating an Investment List membership. + +Coverage Universe: A list of all stocks in each coverage universe is available by primary analyst, stock and coverage universe at https://www.gs.com/research/hedge.html. + +Not Rated (NR). The investment rating, target price and earnings estimates (where relevant) are removed pursuant to Goldman Sachs policy when Goldman Sachs is acting in an advisory capacity in a merger or in a strategic transaction involving this company, when there are legal, regulatory or policy constraints due to Goldman Sachs’ involvement in a transaction, and in certain other circumstances. Early-Stage Biotech (ES). An investment rating and a target price are not assigned pursuant to Goldman Sachs policy when this company neither has a drug, treatment or medical device that has passed a Phase II clinical trial nor a license to distribute a post-Phase II drug, treatment or medical device. Rating Suspended (RS). Goldman Sachs Research has suspended the investment rating and price target for this stock, because there is not a sufficient fundamental basis for determining an investment rating or target price. The previous investment rating and target price, if any, are no longer in effect for this stock and should not be relied upon. Coverage Suspended (CS). Goldman Sachs has suspended coverage of this company. Not Covered (NC). Goldman Sachs does not cover this company. + +## Global product; distributing entities + +Goldman Sachs Global Investment Research produces and distributes research products for clients of Goldman Sachs on a global basis. Analysts based in Goldman Sachs offices around the world produce research on industries and companies, and research on macroeconomics, currencies, commodities and portfolio strategy. This research is disseminated in Australia by Goldman Sachs Australia Pty Ltd (ABN 21 006 797 897); in Brazil by Goldman Sachs do Brasil Corretora de Titulos e Valores Mobiliários S.A.; Public Communication Channel Goldman Sachs Brazil: 0800 727 5764 and / or contatogoldmanbrasil@gs.com. Available Weekdays (except holidays), from 9am to 6pm. Canal de Comunicação com o Público Goldman Sachs Brasil: 0800 727 5764 e/ou contatogoldmanbrasil@gs.com. Horário de funcionamento: segunda-feira a sexta-feira (exceto feriados), das 9h às 18h; in Canada by Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC; in Hong Kong by Goldman Sachs (Asia) L.L.C.; in India by Goldman Sachs (India) Securities Private Ltd.; in Japan by Goldman Sachs Japan Co., Ltd.; in the Republic of Korea by Goldman Sachs (Asia) L.L.C., Seoul Branch; in New Zealand by Goldman Sachs New Zealand Limited; in Russia by OOO Goldman Sachs; in Singapore by Goldman Sachs (Singapore) Pte. (Company Number: 198602165W); and in the United States of America by Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC. Goldman Sachs International has approved this research in connection with its distribution in the United Kingdom. + +Goldman Sachs International (“GSI”), authorised by the Prudential Regulation Authority (“PRA”) and regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority (“FCA”) and the PRA, has approved this research in connection with its distribution in the United Kingdom. + +European Economic Area: GSI, authorised by the PRA and regulated by the FCA and the PRA, disseminates research in the following jurisdictions within the European Economic Area: the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, Italy, the Kingdom of Belgium, the Kingdom of Denmark, the Kingdom of Norway, the Republic of Finland and the Republic of Ireland; GSI - Succursale de Paris (Paris branch) which is authorised by the French Autorité de contrôle prudentiel et de resolution (“ACPR”) and regulated by the Autorité de contrôle prudentiel et de resolution and the Autorité des marchés financiers (“AMF”) disseminates research in France; GSI - Sucursal en España (Madrid branch) authorized in Spain by the Comisión Nacional del Mercado de Valores disseminates research in the Kingdom of Spain; GSI - Sweden Bankfilial (Stockholm branch) is authorized by the SFSA as a “third country branch” in accordance with Chapter 4, Section 4 of the Swedish Securities and Market Act (Sw. lag (2007:528) om värdepappersmarknaden) disseminates research in the Kingdom of Sweden; Goldman Sachs Bank Europe SE (“GSBE”) is a credit institution incorporated in Germany and, within the Single Supervisory Mechanism, subject to direct prudential supervision by the European Central Bank and in other respects supervised by German Federal Financial Supervisory Authority (Bundesanstalt für Finanzdienstleistungsaufsicht, BaFin) and Deutsche Bundesbank and disseminates research in the Federal Republic of Germany and those jurisdictions within the European Economic Area where GSI is not authorised to disseminate research and additionally, GSBE, Copenhagen Branch filial af GSBE, Tyskland, supervised by the Danish Financial Authority disseminates research in the Kingdom of Denmark; GSBE - Sucursal en España (Madrid branch) subject (to a limited extent) to local supervision by the Bank of Spain disseminates research in the Kingdom of Spain; GSBE - Succursale Italia (Milan branch) to the relevant applicable extent, subject to local supervision by the Bank of Italy (Banca d’Italia) and the Italian Companies and Exchange Commission (Commissione Nazionale per le Società e la Borsa “Consob”) disseminates research in Italy; GSBE - Succursale de Paris (Paris branch), supervised by the AMF and by the ACPR disseminates research in France; and GSBE - Sweden diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00084.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00084.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..4d88ada69cbe927e947522d0fbefa9d5c7ed6af8 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00084.md @@ -0,0 +1,304 @@ +Figure 44: Dollar-yen FX forecast and EPS impact + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Period
(as of 20250528)
24/04~
06
act
24/07~
09
act
24/10~
12
act
25/01~
03
est
25/04~
06
est
25/07~
09
est
25/10~
12
est
26/01~
03
est
23 FY
act
24 FY
act
25 FY
est
25 FY
weak yen scenario
25 FY
strong yen scenario
USDJPY period end160.9143.6157.2150.0144143141140151.4150.0140.0145130
USDJPY period avg155.9149.2152.5152.5147.0143.5142.0140.5144.6152.5143.2144.0137.6
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Period avg YoY
(as of 20250528)
24/04~
06
act
24/07~
09
act
24/10~
12
act
25/01~
03
est
25/04~
06
est
25/07~
09
est
25/10~
12
est
26/01~
03
est
23 FY
act
24 FY
act
25 FY
est
25 FY
weak yen scenario
25 FY
strong yen scenario
USDJPY avg YoY%13.3%3.2%3.2%2.8%-5.7%-3.8%-6.9%-7.9%6.7%5.5%-6.1%-5.6%-9.8%
EPS impact %pt7.3%1.7%1.7%1.5%-3.1%-2.1%-3.8%-4.3%3.7%3.0%-3.3%-3.1%-5.4%
+ +Source: Bloomberg Finance L.P., J.P. Morgan estimates and calculations + +Note: FX rate forecasts are Bloomberg forward curve. EPS impact for 25 FY is J.P. Morgan Japan equity strategy team's base scenario forecast, and for 25 FY weak yen scenario and strong yen scenario is the team's simulations based on various assumptions. + +Figure 45: Amount of share buybacks announced by TOPIX names + + + +Source: QUICK, J.P. Morgan + +Figure 46: TOPIX companies' net cash + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
As of May-28-2025Company with net cash(current)
Ratio of companies (%)Market cap (tril JPY)Net cash (tril JPY)Ratio vs Market cap (%)
TOPIX(ex.Fin)56.8352.448.513.8
Autos & Tans. Equip.47.318.85.629.8
Machinery66.719.83.316.6
Elec Appl. & Prec.60.083.57.48.9
Steel & Nonfer28.63.40.618.2
Foods41.010.31.211.3
Retail Trade43.528.52.69.2
Real Estate24.02.00.313.6
Transprt. & Logi.15.31.70.210.4
Const.& Mlater.60.315.52.516.3
IT & Service77.098.814.614.8
Pharmceutical64.731.93.210.1
Elec. Pwr. & Gas8.70.10.024.5
Energy Reso.50.00.60.341.3
Raw. & Chem.54.626.84.215.6
Comm.& Wholesale59.710.72.523.0
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Company with net cash (1Q before)
Ratio of companies (%)Market cap (tril JPY)Net cash (tril JPY)Ratio vs Market cap (%)
57.8380.646.012.1
45.520.24.823.6
69.227.52.910.6
61.397.97.27.3
25.61.40.642.0
47.412.61.310.3
46.932.62.67.9
23.52.00.418.5
20.32.20.211.1
58.812.92.721.0
76.495.213.814.5
64.733.72.98.6
13.00.20.015.5
50.00.60.232.5
57.230.54.213.8
59.510.82.220.5
+ +Source: Bloomberg Finance L.P., J.P. Morgan + diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00085.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00085.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..c206e01b036e56ee980b43f8a83a88cc00330b3d --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00085.md @@ -0,0 +1,26 @@ +## Buyside Survey – Top Long & Short Large Cap Picks (>$10B Cap) + +QUESTION: What is your top Large Cap LONG for the remainder of 2025? + +REGN*, ARGX and VRTX were the most commonly named Large Cap long picks among survey respondents + +■ In order, the top net long picks were REGN and ARGX +■ Top Hedge Fund Overall Long: ALNY +■ Top Long-Only Overall Longs: ARGX, LLY, REGN* and VRTX + + +
%Mentions% Net LongInstitution Type
Hedge FundLong-only
REGN12%12%8%
15%
ARGX12%12%8%15%
VRTX12%(4%)8%
15%
ALNY12%-17%8%
LLY8%
8%-15%
BIIB8%8%8%
8%
NBIX8%8%-8%
NVO4%4%8%-
AMGN4%(28%)8%-
AZN4%4%-8%
ONC4%(1%)8%-
GILD4%4%-8%
NBIX4%4%8%-
TEVA4%(1%)8%-
BMRN4%4%8%-
+ +Top picks reflect where the balance of Long/Short mentions favored Long and are rank ordered by volume of Long mentions. N=26 + +QUESTION: What is your top Large Cap SHORT for the remainder of 2025? + +AMGN and MRNA were the most commonly named top large cap shorts (by a relatively wide margin) + +■ In order, the top net shorts were AMGN and MRNA +■ Top Hedge Fund Overall Shorts: 1) MRNA, 2) AMGN and VRTX +■ Top Long-Only Overall Shorts: 1) AMGN, 2) ALNY and 3) EXEL, MRNA, PFE and SMMT + +
%Mentions%Net ShortInstitution Type
Hedge FundLong-only
AMGN27%28%17%44%
MRNA23%5%33%11%
VRTX9%11%17%-
SMMT9%-8%11%
EXEL9%5%8%11%
ALNY9%5%-22%
PFE5%5%-11%
ONC5%2%8%-
BMY5%5%--
TEVA5%2%--
+ +Top picks reflect where the balance of Long/Short mentions favored Short and are rank ordered by volume of Short mentions. N=22 diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00086.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00086.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..b594bf3c391b05c625745c19c7cc93c24af05b1f --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00086.md @@ -0,0 +1,118 @@ +over the last year and -75% over the last 3 years. The bar for AZO to continue its momentum is significantly higher after its outperformance the last few years while for AAP it is much lower. + +Figure 6. AAP and AZO Price Performance Comparison + + + +
AAPAZO
1 Day Post Earnings57.0%-3.4%
Since Earnings Report54.5%-3.6%
1-Year Price Performance-23.3%36.3%
3-Year Price Performance-75.2%81.6%
+ +© 2025 Citigroup Inc. No redistribution without Citigroup’s written permission. + +Price Performance as of 5/30 Market Close + +Source: Citi Research, FactSet + +## Model Updates + +AAP (Neutral; Raise TP to $49) — We raise our estimates to reflect earnings on 5/22 (read our full note here) and unchanged FY25 guidance. Our FY25E EPS now stands at$1.87 from comp SSS of 1.0% and operating margin of 2.2%. We raise our TP to $49 (was$40) based on ~ 14x our new FY26E EPS. The target price increase is based on higher estimates from higher sales outlook, while the slightly higher multiple represents better execution and industry outlook. We note AAP's target multiple is still a significant discount to peers. + +Figure 7. AAP Citi Notable Estimate Changes (2Q25, FY25, FY26) + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Curren Quarter:2Q25Current Year:FY25Next Year:FY26
Citi Estimate ChangesCurrentPriorDeltaCurrentPriorDeltaCurrentPriorDelta
Net Sales($M)$2,046$2,027$19$8,634$8,552$82$8,763$8,752$12
Comparable SSS0.5%0.0%0.5%1.0%0.6%0.4%1.8%1.8%0.0%
Gross Margin Rate %44.4%44.6%-0.2%43.9%43.5%0.4%45.5%45.2%0.3%
EBIT Margin Rate %3.2%4.3%-1.1%2.2%1.8%0.5%3.8%3.6%0.2%
EBIT$65$87-$22$193$150$43$337$318$20
Diluted EPS +$0.70 +$0.97 +($0.27) +$1.87 +$1.18 +$0.69 +$3.50 +$3.17 +$0.33 +
+ +© 2025 Citigroup Inc. No redistribution without Citigroup’s written permission. +Source: Citi Research + +AZO (Buy; Maintain TP of $3,900) — We adjust our estimates to reflect earnings on 5/27 (read our full note here). Our FY25E EPS now stands at$145.82, down slightly from our prior estimate to reflect the EPS miss in F3Q. We modestly lower our out year margin estimates to reflect more conservatism on margins. We maintain our TP of $3,900 based on ~ 24x FY26 EPS, up slightly from our prior 23x, based on improving industry fundamentals and higher valuations for peers. + diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00087.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00087.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..162c2763c245a4ff040c8757805090f02fdc5b4f --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00087.md @@ -0,0 +1,73 @@ +## China Express | Asia Pacific + +## Tracking Consolidation + +The segment has seen escalated deflationary pressure YTD, but also brings opportunities from a faster segment consolidation. We highlight a few indicators we would focus on, to track a potential inflection of segment competition. + +## Key Takeaways + +■ We continue to believe ZTO and YTO will likely emerge as winners in the segment consolidation. + +■ In the next 2-3 quarters, SF will likely deliver the fastest profit growth among major profitable players, thanks mainly to its cost efficiency improvements. + +■ J&T could face profit pressure in China, but solid growth thanks to an e-commerce boom in South East Asia will likely cushion downside risks. + +Escalated competition leads to deflationary pressure. Most players faced pressure in their earnings growth during 1Q25 amid escalated competition, due mainly to: 1) continued macro headwinds leading to merchants' high demand sensitivity to lower pricing; and 2) leading player shifting back strategic focus to market share. + +It is a short term pain, but what's next? We continue to believe China's express delivery will see faster segment consolidation as a result of escalated competition, due mainly to: 1) its much stronger economy of scale, vs. other logistics segments, which should lead to a higher level of concentration; and 2) its asset heavy nature, which leads to difficulties for small players with relatively weaker cash flow and balance sheet to compete in a sustainable manner. + +How do we track the consolidation? The "short term pain" from consolidation has existed for too long (since major players' listings in 2016-2018), and investors are asking us – when will the inflection point arrive? We don't have a definite answer but expect the consolidation to accelerate in the next 6-12 months, which could potentially trigger improved market sentiment on the outlook. We highlight a few indicators we track: + +• Market share dynamics from leading players + +• Profit share dynamics + +• Capex dynamics + +• Free cash flow and balance sheet health + +• Tech innovation and retail parcel dynamics + +Risks to segment consolidation: 1) Regulators' intervention to market pricing or market share; 2) equity financing from laggard players. + +With this report, Tenny Song assumes primary coverage of YTO, Yunda and JD Logistics. + +MORGAN STANLEY ASIA LIMITED+ + +Qianlei Fan, CFA +Equity Analyst +Qianlei.Fan@morganstanley.com ++852 2239-1875 + +Tenny Song +Equity Analyst +Tenny.Song@morganstanley.com ++852 3963-1737 + +Jasmine Qiu +Research Associate +Jasmine.Qiu@morganstanley.com ++852 2848-8906 + +Carlos Liu +Research Associate +Carlos.Liu@morganstanley.com ++852 2848-5206 + + + + + +HONG KONG/CHINA TRANSPORTATION & INFRASTRUCTURE + +Asia Pacific + +Industry View +In-Line + +Morgan Stanley does and seeks to do business with companies covered in Morgan Stanley Research. As a result, investors should be aware that the firm may have a conflict of interest that could affect the objectivity of Morgan Stanley Research. Investors should consider Morgan Stanley Research as only a single factor in making their investment decision. + +For analyst certification and other important disclosures, refer to the Disclosure Section, located at the end of this report. + ++= Analysts employed by non-U.S. affiliates are not registered with FINRA, may not be associated persons of the member and may not be subject to FINRA restrictions on communications with a subject company, public appearances and trading securities held by a research analyst account. + diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00088.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00088.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..5b5657af09d46fc18f094c3809393fae16817533 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00088.md @@ -0,0 +1,126 @@ +EXHIBIT 6: AbbVie ASCO 2025 Abstracts + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
CompanyAssetAbstract#Oral/PosterAbstract DetailsDate/Time
AbbVie
ABBVABBV-969TPS5111PosterPhase 1, open-label, first-in-human study of ABBV-969, a dual variable antibody-drug conjugate, in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.Jun2/9:00AM
ABBVABBV-7063035PosterSeizure-related homolog 6 (SEZ6) expression and ctDNA methylation profiles in patients with high-grade
neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs)/neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) from a phase 1 study of ABBV-706 in
advanced solid tumors.
June2 13:30 -
16:30
ABBVtelis otuzumab
vedotin
TPS8658PosterTeliMET NSCLC-04: A phase 2, open-label, randomized, global study of 2 telisotuzumab vedotin regimens in patients with previously treated c-Met protein-overexpressing, locally advanced/metastatic non-squamous
EGFR wildtype non-small cell lung cancer.
May31/1:30PM
ABBVtelis otuzumab
vedotin
TPS3635PosterTelis otuzumab adizutecan (ABBV-400; Temab-A) monotherapy vs trifluridine/tipiracil plus bevacizumab in
patients with refractory metastatic colorectal cancer with increased c-Met protein expression: An open-label, randomized, phase 3 trial.
May31/9:00AM
ABBVABBV-291TPS7093PosterA phase 1 first-in-human study evaluating safety, pharmacokinetics, and efficacy of ABBV-291, a CD79b-
targeting antibody-drug conjugate, in patients with relapsed/refractory B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
Jun1/9:00AM
ABBVlivmoniplimabTSP4618PosterA phase 2, open-label, randomized study of livmoniplimab in combination with budigalimab versus
chemotherapy in patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma.
Jun2/9:00AM
ABBVtelis otuzumab
vedotin
8618PosterLUMINOSITY,a phase 2 study of telisotuzumab vedotin in patients with c-Met protein-overexpressing non-
squamous E GFR-wildtype advanced NSCLC: Efficacy outcomes by prior therapy.
May31/1:30PM
ABBVTelisotuzumab
adizutecan
TPS8655PosterPhase 1b/2 study evaluating telisotuzumab adizutecan (ABBV-400; Temab-A) in combination with
budigalimab in patients (pts) with advanced non-squamous (NSQ) non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with
no prior treatment for advanced disease and no actionable genomic alterations.
May31/1:30PM
ABBVTelis otuzumab
adizutecan
8512PosterTelisotuzumab adizutecan (ABBV-400; Temab-A), a c-Met protein-targeting antibody-drug conjugate (ADC), in patients (pts) with advanced EGFR-mutated (MT) non-squamous (NSQ) non-small cell lung cancer
(NSCLC): Results from a phase 1 study. ,
Jun2/8:00AM
ABBVTelisotuzumab
adizutecan
TPS4202PosterTelisotuzumab adizutecan (ABBV-400; Temab-A) in combination with fluorouracil leucovorin, and
budigalimab in locally advanced/metastatic gastric, gastroesophageal junction, or esophageal
adenocarcinoma (a/m GEA).
May31/9:00AM
ABBVibrutinib7036PosterFinal analysis of fixed-duration ibrutinib + venetoclax for chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)/small
lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL) in the phase 2 CAPTIVATE study.
Jun1/9:00AM
ABBVibrutinib7017Rapid OralE fficacy and safety of first-line ibrutinib plus venetoclax in patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) who
were older or had TP53 mutations in the SYMPATICO study.
May31/9:12AM
ABBVpivekimab
sunirine
6502PosterE fficacy and safety of pivekimab sunirine (PVEK) in patients (pts) with blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell
neoplasm (BPDCN) in the CADE NZA study.
Jun2/3:24P M
ABBVepcoritamab7043PosterNovel analysis of 3-y results from the pivotal EPCORE NHL-1 study: Outcomes in patients (pts) with
relapsed/refractory large B-cell lymphoma (R/R LBCL) and complete response (CR) at 2 y with epcoritamab (epcor) monotherapy.
Jun1/9:00AM
ABBVABBV-291TPS7093PosterA phase 1 first-in-human study evaluating safety, pharmacokinetics, and efficacy of ABBV-291, a CD79b-
targeting antibody-drug conjugate, in patients with relapsed/refractory B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
1June-9am
ABBVetentamig7527PosterLong-term efficacy and safety of etentamig, a B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) bispecific antibody in
patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM).
Jun1/9:00AM
+ +Source: ASCO, Bernstein Analysis diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00089.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00089.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..ebcb372f82234daaaf94810803c9a87188d254d8 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00089.md @@ -0,0 +1,28 @@ +Our view is based on the following considerations: + +1) We think the market outperformance of peripheral countries vs core countries seen in the past few years is justified and reflects a reversal of fortunes in the macro dynamics of the two blocks (Exhibit 9, Exhibit 10 and Exhibit 11), also manifest in ratings convergence (Exhibit 12). One should not forget the contribution from the general risk-on tone in financial markets (Exhibit 13 shows the GDP-weighted peripheral spread to Germany, iTraxx main and VG since 2022); we believe that global central banks’ ability to bring inflation under control without generating a recession is a significant driver. + +Exhibit 9: Better news in the periphery, worse in the core, in terms of growth*, ... + + + +Source: Bloomberg, Morgan Stanley Research. * Cumulative change in 1Y ahead GDP growth consensus forecast in selected Euro area countries. Periphery: simple average of Italy, Spain, Portugal, Greece, Cyprus; Core: simple average of Germany, France, Netherlands, Belgium, Austria, Finland. + +Exhibit 10: ... budget balance*, and... + + + +Source: Bloomberg, Morgan Stanley Research. * Cumulative change in 1Y ahead budget balance consensus forecast in selected Euro area countries. Periphery: simple average of Italy, Spain, Portugal, Greece, Cyprus; Core: simple average of Germany, France, Netherlands, Belgium, Austria, Finland. + +Exhibit 11: ... labour market$^{*}$ + + + +Source: Bloomberg, Morgan Stanley Research. * Cumulative change in 1Y ahead unemployment rate consensus forecast in selected Euro area countries; signed flipped. Periphery: simple average of Italy, Spain, Portugal, Greece, Cyprus; Core: simple average of Germany, France, Netherlands, Belgium, Austria, Finland. + +Exhibit 12: Sovereign ratings have shown +convergence* + + + +Source: Bloomberg, Morgan Stanley Research. * Average of S&P, Moody's and Fitch. AAA, Aaa = 1, AA+, Aa1 = 2, etc... Periphery: simple average of Italy, Spain, Portugal, Greece, Cyprus; Core: simple average of Germany, France, Netherlands, Belgium, Austria, Finland. diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00090.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00090.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..6fb33a149bf5bc7b5179500760eaed6fd346369c --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00090.md @@ -0,0 +1,373 @@ +## Australia housing + +Figure 40: Houses | YoY price growth | SYD, MEL and AU + + + +Source: CoreLogic. + +Figure 41: Houses | 3M annualised price growth | SYD, MEL and AU + + + +Source: CoreLogic. + +Figure 42: Houses | 15Y cumulative completions by state ('000) + + + +Source: ABS. + +Figure 43: Housing | Approvals, starts, completions (MAT, '000) + + + +Source: ABS. + +Figure 44: Housing | 3M annualised house values + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Hedonic Home Value Index06/2307/2308/2309/2310/23 11/2312/2301/2402/2403/2404/2405/2406/2407/2408/2409/2410/2411/24 12/2401/2502/2503/2504/2505/25
Houses-Values
Sydney(3m ar)27%24%17%12%11%8%4%2%5%8%8%7%7%7%6%3%1%-2%-6%-7%-2%4%7%5%
Melbourne (3m ar)9%9%8%6%6%3%1%-1%0%3%2%0%-2%-3%-4%-4%-3%-3%-5%-5%-2%3%5%5%
Brisbane (3m ar)18%21%19%18%19%18%16%13%11%14%15%17%15%12%10%9%8%6%5%4%3%4%4%6%
Adelaide (3m ar)11%15%15%15%13%14%15%14%11%13%14%17%15%16%16%16%14%10%8%4%3%3%4%5%
Perth (3m ar)15%16%18%19%23%23%25%22%23%24%27%29%31%29%23%17%13%8%1%-3%-3%0%3%6%
5 Capital Cities Combined (3m ar)18%18%15%12%12%10%8%6%8%10%10%10%10%9%7%5%4%1%-2%-3%-1%3%5%6%
Units-Values
Sydney (3m ar)16%15%10%6%5%4%3%2%4%5%4%4%4%5%3%4%2%-1%-5%-6%-4%0%0%1%
Melbourne (3m ar)8%9%7%7%7%3%0%-5%-2%-2%2%-1%-1%-3%-3%-4%-4%-3%-5%-7%-4%1%5%5%
Brisbane (3m ar)15%17%18%16%16%14%17%16%19%19%21%23%23%23%20%17%13%11%9%10%7%8%7%10%
Adelaide (3m ar)5%8%13%19%14%13%11%16%14%14%14%20%19%22%19%20%16%16%13%8%4%3%2%5%
Perth (3m ar)11%12%14%18%20%19%17%19%26%29%31%28%29%28%25%23%19%13%7%4%6%9%8%9%
5 Capital Cities Combined (3m ar)13%13%10%8%7%6%4%2%4%5%6%6%6%6%4%4%3%1%-3%-4%-2%2%2%4%
+ +Source: CoreLogic diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00091.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00091.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..c32f79d60c446be4ef9cf37b9a32025dd9bf607c --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00091.md @@ -0,0 +1,46 @@ +## Antipodean Insights + +Buy the dip... sell the rip? + +• Climbing the Great Wall of Trade Worry – Markets have staged a spectacular rally from the post Liberation Day lows of early April. Tech, in particular, has surged, with the NASDAQ and Magnificent 7 up 25% and 29% respectively (Figure 1). Gains have been even more pronounced in AU Tech, which has leapt 41% since April 7th. Earnings, in contrast, have been in reverse, with downgrades across most major markets (Figure 4). The upshot is a sharp multiple expansion (Figure 5). The largest increase has been in the US, with the NASDAQ’s one-year forward up 5.6pt and the S&P 500 higher by 3.5pt. In the YTD, however, the US is still lagging, with most headline indices lower. China and Europe are leading YTD, up 13% and 8%. + +• Cross-asset: bonds sell off, copper and oil surge – Bonds sold off in May, with the yield on the US 10-year gaining 24bp. The yield on the Australian 10-year rose 9bp. Copper prices rebounded and posted a 4.5% gain. Oil prices climbed 1.2% in May. The DXY extended its decline, dropping another 14bp through the month. + +• Global equities: best month for S&P 500 since Nov-23 – The S&P 500 gained 6.2% in May, while the NASDAQ led the rally with a 9.0% return. EM equities underperformed DM by 170bp. Growth (+9%) demonstrated its strongest outperformance against Value (+3%) since Dec-24. + +• AU GICS: Tech extends lead, Utilities trail behind – All 11 GICS in Australia were higher in May. Strong performances from WTC (+22%), TNE (+40%) and XRO (+14%) saw Tech (+20%) lead the sector leaderboard. Energy (+9%) was the second-best performing sector, driven by WDS (+8%) and STO (+8%). Utilities (+0.3%) was at the bottom of the table for May. + +• Model Portfolio: no respite in May- Our Model Portfolio endured another difficult month. Yet again, CBA was the principal pain point, costing us 65bp. The YTD drag of not owning CBA and WES now stands at 247bp. On the plus side, our Materials OW delivered strong gains, with ORI (+36bp) and NST (+34bp) generating strong positive attribution. We have made a number of changes to our Model Portfolio this month, adding: GMG, NEM, NHF, SUL, and WTC, while exiting ASX, FMG, TLC, and VCX. + + + +
Ranked Sector Returns (Accumulation)Top five stocks
One month%Three months%One month%Three months%
Technology19.8%Technology11.9%Life360 Inc51.9%Spartan Resources Ltd/Australi73.3%
Energy8.6%Communications8.7%Technology One Ltd36.6%West African Resources Ltd63.1%
Communications5.5%Banks8.7%Generation Development Group L34.5%Boss Energy Ltd60.1%
A-REITs5.0%A-REITs4.6%DigiCo Infrastructure REIT27.9%Regis Resources Ltd58.1%
Industrials4.4%Industrials3.6%Tabcorp Holdings Ltd25.9%Genesis Minerals Ltd48.4%
Banks4.4%Utilities2.6%Bottom five stocks  
Resources2.9%Consumer Staples2.5%One month%Three months%
Consumer Disc.2.2%Resources0.5%Healius Ltd-39.9%HMC Capital Ltd-44.7%
Materials1.8%Consumer Disc.0.2%Nufarm Ltd-38.2%Clarity Pharmaceuticals Ltd-39.3%
Health Care1.6%Materials-0.3%Judo Capital Holdings Ltd-19.9%Nufarm Ltd-37.4%
Consumer Staples1.2%Health Care-2.1%Pilbara Minerals Ltd-17.6%Pilbara Minerals Ltd-34.7%
Utilities0.3%Energy-3.4%IDP Education Ltd-12.0%Nuix Ltd-32.6%
+ +Source: Bloomberg Finance L.P. Note: Returns calculated at close of business, 31 May 2025. Past performance is not an indicator of future results + +Australia Equity Strategy and ESG + +Jason Steed $^{\text{AC}}$ + +(61-2) 9003-8609 + +jason.h.steed@jpmorgan.com + +Dylan Adrian + +(61-2) 9003-7397 + +dylan.adrian@jpmorgan.com + +J.P. Morgan Securities Australia Limited + +Cross-asset returns | May-25 + + + +Source: Bloomberg Finance L.P. + +See page 17 for analyst certification and important disclosures, including non-US analyst disclosures. + +J.P. Morgan does and seeks to do business with companies covered in its research reports. As a result, investors should be aware that the firm may have a conflict of interest that could affect the objectivity of this report. Investors should consider this report as only a single factor in making their investment decision. + diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00092.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00092.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..2818481ec06336ac8d5719b6fd7028f1a89a94b6 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00092.md @@ -0,0 +1,65 @@ +Exhibit 5: Under our baseline scenario the 2s10s curve doesn't deviate substantially from the forwards + + + +Source: Bloomberg, Morgan Stanley Research + +Exhibit 6: 10s30s forwards are pricing too much flattening in our view + + + +Source: Bloomberg, Morgan Stanley Research + +Our forecasts diverge more significantly from the forwards at the long end of the curve (Exhibit 6) due to a combination of two factors: 1) we expect more adjustment on the back of Dutch pension fund reform and an increase in long-dated issuance in Germany, 2) the decent flattening priced into the forwards. Even under the US upside scenario the modest sell off we envisage is not sufficient to flatten the 10s30s curve much from current levels. + +## Euro area | Intra EMU spreads + +Under the baseline scenario, we expect EGB spreads to move broadly sideways, i.e. overweights in the highest yielding sovereign would benefit from carry and roll (Exhibit 7 and Exhibit 8). + +Exhibit 7: Market forwards are overall pricing wider spreads compared to our forecasts* + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
FranceItalySpain
4Q254Q264Q254Q264Q25 4Q26
Baseline114-4-188-2
US upside6-1-9-33-7-22
US recession161921271818
+ +Source: Bloomberg, Morgan Stanley Research. *10y spreads to Germany: MS forecasts vs forwards + +Exhibit 8: BTP/Bund tighteners are profitable in two scenarios out of three + + + +Source: Bloomberg, Morgan Stanley Research diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00093.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00093.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..3c817f58f386617b012bb8505a985bca39aa81f2 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00093.md @@ -0,0 +1,83 @@ +## Model Portfolio update + +## Performance | May-25 | Underperformed by 133bp + +Over the course of May, our Model Portfolio underperformed by 133bp, with our UW in Financials and our OW in REITS the main drags. At the other end of the spectrum, our UW in Industrials and our OW in Materials were positive contributors. The key elements of performance within those sectors were as follows: + +• Financials (-96bp): Our zero position in CBA, coupled with our OW in JDO, detracted 65bp and 48bp respectively from our performance this month. This was partially offset by our OWs in NAB (+45bp) and QBE (+40bp). + +• Real Estate (-40bp): The absence of holdings in GMG and an OW in DXS detracted 25bp and 19bp respectively from our overall performance. Our OW in VCX added 14bp. + +• Materials (+64bp): Our OWs in ORI, NST and CSC contributed 26bp, 24bp and 26bp respectively to our performance this month. + +• Industrials (+24bp): OWs in CWY, QUB and BXB bolstered our performance, contributing 24bp, 14bp and 12bp, respectively. + +Figure 7: J.P. Morgan Model Portfolio | Monthly performance attribution (May-25) + + + +Source: J.P. Morgan. Note: Past performance is not indicative of future results. + +## Portfolio update + +• Consumer Discretionary: Following our team’s upgrade of SUL to OW (note), we have incorporated the stock into our Model Portfolio. We continue to see value in holding ‘cyclical laggards’ (HVN, PMV, MTS). Consequently, we have removed TLC from the portfolio this month. + +• Financials: We have exited ASX as the stock has surpassed our team’s price target. In its place, we have added NHF. + +• Technology: We have added WTC in the Model Portfolio following the company’s announcement to acquire US-based e2open. Our team views merit in the transaction (note), having increased its price target by 15%. + +• Materials: We have adjusted our mining holdings but maintained our sector OW. In light of our team’s revised gold price forecast methodology (note) and positive investor feedback on the commodity from the China Summit (note), we have added NEM to the Model Portfolio. We have exited our position in FMG but maintain our OW in BHP for bulk exposure. + +• REITS: We have removed VCX from the Model Portfolio this month following the stock’s strong performance. We reintroduce GMG into the Model Portfolio given its recent lag in performance compared to AI-linked stocks (note). + +Figure 8: J.P. Morgan Model Portfolio | Sector positioning (May-25) + + + +Source: J.P. Morgan. + +## Portfolio performance + +In the table below, we highlight the performance of our Model Portfolio, both on an absolute and relative basis, over a range of time horizons (Figure 9). + +Figure 9: J.P. Morgan Model Portfolio | Total return vs. ASX 200 (May-25) + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
1M3M1Y3Y(Ann.)5Y(Ann.)S.I.(Ann.)*S.I.*
J.P.Morgan Model Portfolio+2.9%+3.2%+13.5%+9.3%+14.3%+10.5%+153.1%
S&P/ASX 200+4.2%+4.3%+14.5%+9.3%+12.1%+10.0%+143.2%
Outperformance-1.3%-1.1%-0.9%+0.0%+2.2%+0.5%+9.9%
+ +Source: Bloomberg Finance L.P., J.P. Morgan. *Inception date: 2 February 2016. 3Y, 5Y and since inception figures are stated in annualised terms. Past performance is not indicative of future results. diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00094.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00094.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..826fce5af0d8abc77bc2451ad79b4748b57ae2ac --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00094.md @@ -0,0 +1,24 @@ +## List of publicly traded parent-subsidiary pairs + +Another corporate governance theme gaining attention is the dissolution of parent-subsidiary listings in order to resolve conflicts of interest between parent companies and subsidiaries and maximize shareholder value. Major examples so far in 2025 include NTT’s full acquisition of NTT Data Group and Mitsubishi Corporation’s full acquisition of Mitsubishi Shokuhin. Figure 59 below includes a list of major publicly traded parent-subsidiary pairs. + +Figure 59: List of major publicly traded parent-subsidiary pairs (screening) + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
As of date:2025/05/26
Subsidiary company's codeSubsidiary
TSE segment
NameJPNNameENGMarket cap
(bil JPY)
Parent
company's
code
Parent TSE segmentParent company's nameJPNParent company's nameENGHolding ratio (%)
1884Prime日本道路THE NIPPON ROAD Co.,Ltd.110.41803Prime清水建設株式会社SHIMIZU CORPORAITON50.1
1949Prime住友電設SUMITOMO DENSETSU CO.,LTD.213.85802Prime住友電気工業株式会社Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd.50.0
2281PrimeプリマハムPrima Meat Packers,Ltd.113.88001Prime伊藤忠商事株式会社ITOCHU Corporation46.0
2327Prime日鉄ソリ$-$NS Solutions Corporation706.05401Prime日本製鉄株式会社NIPPON STEEL CORPORATION63.4
2692Prime伊藤忠食品ITOCHU-SHOKUHIN Co.,Ltd.123.18001Prime伊藤忠商事株式会社ITOCHU Corporation52.3
3092PrimeZOZOZOZO,Inc.1388.94689PrimeLINEヤフー株式会社LY Corporation50.9
3141PrimeウエルシアホールディングスWELCIA HOLDINGS CO.,LTD.535.58267Primeイオン株式会社AEON CO.,LTD.50.5
3222Standardユナイテッド·スーバーマーケット·ホールディングフUnited Super Markets Holdings Inc.178.28267Primeイオン株式会社AEON CO.,LTD.33.7
3769PrimeGMOペイメントゲートウェイGMO Payment Gateway,Inc.661.69449PrimeGMO インターネットグループ株式会社GMO internet group,Inc.40.7
4091Prime日本酸素ホールディングスNIPPON SANSO HOLDINGS CORPORATION2159.04188Prime三菱ケミカルグループ株式会社Mitsubishi Chemical Group Corporation50.6
4151Prime協和キリンKyowa Kirin Co.,Ltd.1170.62503Primeキリンホールディングス株式会社Kirin Holdings Company,Limited55.0
4483PrimeJMDCJMDC Inc.201.46645Primeオムロン株式会社OMRON Corporation54.3
4506Prime住友ファーマSumitomo Pharma Co.,Ltd.314.34005Prime住友化学株式会社SUMITOMO CHEMICAL COMPANY,LIMITED51.7
4551Prime島居薬品TORII PHARMACEUTICAL CO.,LTD.182.62914Prime日本たばこ産業株式会社JAPAN TOBACCO INC.53.5
4689PrimeLINEヤフーLY Corporation3804.29434Primeソフトバンク株SoftBank Corp.62.5
4812Prime電通総研DENTSU SOKEN INC.438.74324Prime株式会社電通グ$-$DENTSU GROUP INC.61.8
5191Prime住友理工Sumitomo Riko Company Limited173.55802Prime住友電気工業株式会社Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd.49.5
5352Prime黑崎播磨KROSAKI HARIMA CORPORATION101.65401Prime日本製鉄(株)NIPPON STEEL CORPORATION42.9
5449Standard大阪製鉄OSAKA STEEL CO.,LTD.107.35401Prime日本製鉄株式会社NIPPON STEEL CORPORATION60.6
5838Prime来天銀行Rakuten Bank, Ltd.1138.54755Prime楽天グループ株式会社Rakuten Group,Inc.49.3
6345PrimeアイチコーポレーションAICHI CORPORATION102.76201Prime株式会社豐田自動織機TOYOTA INDUSTRIES CORPORATION54.3
6368PrimeオルガノORGANO CORPORATION362.54042Prime東ソー株式会社TOSOH CORPORATION44.0
6744Prime能美防災NOHMI BOSAI LTD.222.09735Primeセコム株式会社SECOM50.3
6967Prime新光電気工業SHINKO ELECTRIC INDUSTRIES CO.,LTD.797.56702Prime富士通株式会社Fujitsu Limited50.0
7105Standard三菱ロジスネクストMitsubishi Logisnext Co.,Ltd.226.77011Prime三菱重工業株式会社Mits ubishi Heavy Industries,Ltd.64.5
7181Primeかんぼ生命保険JAPAN POST INSURANCE Co.,Ltd.1182.56178Prime日本郵政株式会社JAPAN POST HOLDINGS Co.,Ltd.49.8
7182Primeゆうちょ銀行JAPAN POST BANK Co.,Ltd.5507.46178Prime日本郵政株式会社JAPAN POST HOLDINGS Co.,Ltd.61.5
7205Prime日野自動車Hino Motors,Ltd.258.67203Primeトヨタ自動車株式会社TOYOTA MOTOR CORPORATION50.1
7222Standard日産車体NISSAN SHATAI CO.,LTD.146.27201Prime日産自動車株式会社NISSAN MOTOR CO.,LTD.50.0
7451Standard三菱食品Mits ubishi Shokuhin $Co.$,Ltd.275.28058Prime三菱商事株式会社Mits ubishi Corporation50.1
7512Standardイオン北海道Aeon Hokkaido Corporation123.18267Primeイオン株式会社AEON CO.,LTD.65.5
7630Prime壱番屋ICHIBANYA CO.,LTD.144.62810Primeハウス食品グループ本社株式会社House Foods Group Inc.51.0
7739Primeキヤノン電子CANON ELECTRONICS INC.107.67751Primeキヤノン株式会社Canon Inc.53.3
7970Prime信越ポリマーShin-Etsu Polymer Co., Ltd.132.54063Prime信越化学工業株式会社Shin-Etsu Chemical Co.,Ltd.52.0
8060PrimeキヤノンマーケティングジャパンCanon Marketing Japan Inc.590.97751Primeキヤノン株式会社Canon Inc.50.2
8133Prime伊藤忠エネクスITOCHU ENEX CO.,LTD.197.18001Prime伊藤忠商事株式会社ITOCHU Corporation53.8
8278PrimeフジFUJI CO.,LTD.177.68267Primeイオン株式会社AEON CO.,LTD.50.7
8283PrimePALTACPALTAC CORPORATION254.77459Prime株式会社メディバルホールディングスME DIPAL HOLDINGS CORPORATION50.6
8410Primeセブン銀行Seven Bank,Ltd.317.23382Prime株式会社セブン&アイ·ホールディングスSeven&i Holdings Co.,Ltd.38.5
8570PrimeイオンフィナンシャルサービスAE ON Financial Service Co.,Ltd.271.78267Primeイオン株式会社AEON CO.,LTD.48.2
8572StandardアコムACOM CO.,LTD.656.48306Prime株式会社三菱UFJ フィナンシャル·グループMitsubishi UFJ Financial Group,Inc.37.6
8905PrimeイオンモールAE ON MALL CO.,LTD644.48267Primeイオン株式会社AEON CO.,LTD.58.2
9434PrimeソフトバンクSoftBank Corp.10467.09984Primeソフトバンクグループ(株)SoftB ank Group Corp.40.2
9613PrimeNTTデータグループNTT DATA GROUP CORPORATION5596.09432Prime日本電信電話株式会社NIPPON TELEGRAPH AND TELEPHONE CORPORATI57.7
9719PrimeSCSKSCSK Corporation1331.38053Prime住友商事株式会社SUMITOMO CORPORATION50.5
9787PrimeイオンディライトAE ON DELIGHT CO.,LTD.261.78267Primeイオン株式会社AEON CO.,LTD.57.0
1934PrimeユアテックYURTEC CORPORATION133.59506Prime東北電力Tohoku Electric Power Company,Incorporated41.4
1941Prime中電工CHUDENKO CORPORATION196.29504Prime中国電力The Chugoku Electric Power Company,Incorporated37.7
1946PrimeトーエネックTOENEC CORPORATION109.79502Prime中部電力Chubu Electric Power Company,Incorporated42.8
2296Prime伊藤ハム米久ホールディングスITOHAM YONEKYU HOLDINGS INC.287.18058Prime三菱商事Mits ubishi Corporation40.3
2413PrimeエムスリーM3,Inc.1361.26758PrimeソニーグループSony Group Corporation33.9
2678PrimeアスクルASKUL Corporation141.34689PrimeLINEヤフーLY Corporation45.8
3116Primeトヨタ紡織TOYOTA BOSHOKU CORPORATION377.57203Primeトヨタ自動車TOYOTA MOTOR CORPORATION30.9
3186PrimeネクステージNEXTAGE Co.,Ltd.131.06185StandardSMNSMN Corporation35.0
3231Prime野村不動産ホールディングスNomura Real Estate Holdings,Inc.772.58604Prime野村ホールディングスNomura Holdings,Inc.35.3
4686PrimeジャストシステムJUSTSYSTEMS CORPORATION221.36861PrimeキーエンスKEYENCE CORPORATION44.0
4733PrimeオービックビジネスコンサルタントOBIC BUSINESS CONNSULTANTS CO.,LTD.576.84684PrimeオービックOBIC CO.,Ltd.36.7
6755Prime富士通ゼネラルFUJITSU GENERAL LIMITED306.86702Prime富士通Fujitsu Limited42.2
6995Prime東海理化TOKAI RIKA CO.,LTD.197.47203Primeトヨタ自動車TOYOTA MOTOR CORPORATION31.2
7211Prime三菱自動車MITSUBISHI MOTORS CORPORATION626.17201Prime日産自動車NISSAN MOTOR CO.,LTD.34.0
7282Prime豊田合成TOYODA GOSEI CO.,LTD.346.67203Primeトヨタ自動車TOYOTA MOTOR CORPORATION43.5
8566PrimeRICOH LEASING COMPANY,LTD.161.57752Prime$-$RICOH COMPANY,LTD.33.2
8919PrimeカチタスKATITAS Co.,Ltd.169.59843PrimeニトリホールディングスNitori Holdings Co.,Ltd.34.0
9722Prime藤田観光Fujita Kanko Inc.111.65714PrimeDOWAホールディングスDOWA HOLDINGS CO.,LTD.31.3
+ +Source: QUICK, Bloomberg Finance L.P., J.P. Morgan + +Note: This list indicates TSE Prime, Standard, Growth stocks with market cap at least 100 billion JPY that fall under the following categories: (1) Stocks where the parent company is shown to be another listed company according to the CG report; (2) Stocks that are held 30% or more by another listed company, even if they are not listed as a parent-child listing pair in the CG report. diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00095.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00095.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..09d8e69521cdac3754cf6a865f88735f74c2effd --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00095.md @@ -0,0 +1,88 @@ +## Risk Reward – YTO Express Group Co Ltd (600233.SS) + +Rising Competition Risk; EW on a balanced risk-reward outlook. + +## PRICE TARGET Rmb15.50 + +Derived from probability-weighted DCF valuation scenarios: 10% bull case, 80% base case, 10% bear case. We see a mild probability of YTO's unit profit being worse than expected, mainly because of price competition. We also see a small chance for our bull case if YTO expands market share without sacrificing unit profits. +Key assumptions: 10.8% WACC (1.0x beta) and 2% terminal growth rate. + +## Consensus Price Target Distribution + + + +Source: Refinitiv, Morgan Stanley Research + +## RISK REWARD CHART + + + +Source: Refinitiv, Morgan Stanley Research + +## EQUAL-WEIGHT THESIS + +■ We think YTO will remain the second-largest player in the segment, and benefit from higher pricing power from leading players over the medium to long term. + +■ But in the short term, the leading player's strategic shift to market share gain may hurt YTO the most, and elevated capex may also bring cost pressure. + +■ Our price target implies 13x 2025e P/E, largely in line with domestic peers' average. + +■ We see a more balanced risk-reward on this basis. + +## Consensus Rating Distribution + + + +Source: Refinitiv, Morgan Stanley Research + +## Risk Reward Themes + +Pricing Power: Negative + +Self-help: Positive + +Technology Diffusion: Positive + +View descriptions of Risk Rewards Themes here + +## BULL CASE + +## Rmb24.00 + +## 20.6x 2025e P/E + +Revenue growth: 11.0%, 10.6%, and 11.2% in 2025e, 2026e, and 2027e, respectively. + +EBIT margin: 10%, 10%, and 10% in 2025e, 2026e, and 2027e, respectively. + +Volume grows more aggressively than in our base case, led by the strengthening of network stability. ASP grows more significantly, led by alleviated price competition. + +Margins are higher than in our base case, driven by better-than-expected cost efficiency. + +## BASE CASE + +## Rmb15.20 + +## 13.0x 2025e P/E + +Revenue growth: 10.0%, 9.6%, and 10.2% in 2025e, 2026e, and 2027e, respectively. + +EBIT margin: 7%, 7%, and 7% in 2025e, 2026e, and 2027e, respectively. + +Volume growth: 21%, 13%, and 14% in 2025e, 2026e, and 2076e, respectively, with market share expanding from 15.2% in 2024 to 16.5% in 2027e. + +Express ASP: -7.0%, -3.0%, and -3.0%, respectively, in 2025e, 2026e, and 2027e. + +## BEAR CASE + +## Rmb8.90 + +## 7.6x 2025e P/E + +Revenue growth: 9.0%, 8.6%, and 9.2% in 2025e, 2026e, and 2027e, respectively. + +EBIT margin: 4%, 4%, and 4% in 2025e, 2026e, and 2027e, respectively. + +Lower volume growth and more severe ASP decline, led by more intensified industry competition. + +More margin erosion as a result of cost inflation. diff --git a/markdowns/finance_research_report_00096.md b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00096.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..aa6b1292c3b646d7bae9ed5e696ad586eccd4ff8 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/finance_research_report_00096.md @@ -0,0 +1,207 @@ +Figure 52: Major names in GICS 25 industry group + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Sector nameWeight in TOPIX (as of 5/23)Top1
(Highest weight in TOPIX)
Top2Top3Top4Top5
Capital Goods19.1%HITACHI LTDMITSUBISHI HEAV/Y INDUSTRIESMITSUBISHI CORPITOCHU CORPMITSUI & CO LTD
Banks9.2%MITSUBISHI UFJ FINANCIAL GROSUMITOMMO MITSUI FINANCIAL GRMIZUHO FINANCIAL GROUP INCRESONA HOLDINGS INCSUMITOMO MITSUI TRUJST GROUP
Automobiles & Components8.0%TOYOTA MOTOR CORPHONDA MOTOR CO LTDDENSO CORPBRIDGESTONE CORPSUZUKI MOTOR CORP
Consumer Durables & Apparel6.1%SONY GROUP CORPPANASONIC HOLDINGS CORPASICS CORPBANDAI NAMCO HOLDINGS INCSEKISUI HOUSE LTD
Tech Hardware &Equip.5.4%KEYENCE CORPCANON INCFUJIFILM HOLDINGS CORPMURATA MANUFACTURING CO LTDTDK CORP
Materials4.5%SHIN-ETSU CHEMICAL CO LTDNIPPON STEEL CORPNITTO DENKO CORPTORAY INDUSTRIES INCASAHI KASEI CORP
Telecom.Services4.4%NIPPON TELEGRAPH & TELEPHONESOFTBANK GROUP CORPKDDI CORPSOFTBANK CORPINTERNET INITIATIVE JAPAN
Pharm.,Biotech4.2%TAKEDA PHARMACEUTICAL CO LTDDAIICHI SANKYO CO LTDCHUGAI PHARMACEUTICAL COLTDOTSUKA HOLDINGS CO LTDASTELLAS PHARMA INC
Insurance4.1%TOKIO MARINE HOLDINGS INCMS&AD INSURANCE GROUP HOLDINSOMPO HOLDINGS INCDAI-ICHI LIFE HOLDINGS INCJAPAN POST HOLDINGS CO LTD
Media & Entertainment3.8%NINTENDO CO LTDCAPCOM CO LTDLY CORPKONAMI GROUP CORPNEXON CO LTD
Transportation3.6%EAST JAPAN RAILWAY COCENTRAL JAPAN RAILWAY CONIPPON YUSEN KKMITSUI OSK LINES LTDANA HOLDINGS INC
Semiconductors & Equip.3.5%TOKYO ELECTRON LTDADVANTEST CORPDISCO CORPRENESAS ELECTRONICS CORPLASERTEC CORP
Software & Services3.3%FUJITSU LIMITEDNEC CORPNOMURA RESEARCH INSTITUTE LTNTT DATA GROUP CORPOBIC CO LTD
Food,Beverage& Tobacco3.1%JAPAN TOBACCO INCAJINOMOTO CO INCASAHI GROUP HOLDINGS LTDKIRIN HOLDINGS CO LTDTOYO SUISAN KAISHA LTD
Comm.& Prof. Services2.9%RECRUIT HOLDINGS CO LTDSECOM CO LTDBAYCURRENT INCTOPPAN HOLDINGS INCDAI NIPPON PRINTING CO LTD
Retailing2.5%FAST RETAILING CO LTDPAN PACIFIC INTERNATIONAL HORYOHIN KEIKAKU CO LTDRAKUTEN GROUP INCNITORI HOLDINGS CO LTD
Health Care Equip.& Services2.4%HOYA CORPTERUMO CORPOLYMPUS CORPSYSMEX CORPM3 INC
Real Estate2.1%MITSUI FUDOSAN CO LTDDAIWA HOUSE INDUSTRY CO LTDMITSUBISHI ESTATE CO LTDSUMITOMO REALTY & DEVELOPMENDAITO TRUST CONSTRUCT CO LTD
Diversified Financials2.0%ORIX CORPNOMURA HOLDINGS INCJAPAN EXCHANGE GROUP INCSBI HOLDINGS INCDAIWA SECURITIES GROUP INC
Food & Staples Retailing1.8%SEVEN & I HOLDINGS CO LTDAEON CO LTDMATSUKIYOCOCOKARA &COKOBE BUSSAN CO LTDTSURUHA HOLDINGS INC
Utilities1.3%TOKYO GAS CO LTDKANSAI ELECTRIC POWER CO INCOSAKA GAS CO LTDCHUBU ELECTRIC POWER CO INCTOKYO ELECTRIC POWER COMPANY
Consumer Services1.0%ORIENTAL LAND CO LTDZENSHO HOLDINGS CO LTDSKYLARK HOLDINGS CO LTDFOOD&LIFE COMPANIES LTDRESORTTRUST INC
Household & Per.Prod.1.0%KAO CORPUNICHARM CORPSHISEIDO CO LTDROHTO PHARMACEUTICAL CO LTDLION CORP
Energy0.7%ENEOS HOLDINGS INCINPEX CORPIDEMITSU KOSAN CO LTDCOSMO ENERGY HOLDINGS CO LTDIWATANI CORP
+ +Source: Bloomberg Finance L.P., J.P. Morgan + +Note: The top 5 stocks by weight in the TOPIX index for Japanese stocks by GICS 25 industry group diff --git a/markdowns/legal_contract_00001.md b/markdowns/legal_contract_00001.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..6c97321168db736fed6c48e5d546571893b04dcb --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/legal_contract_00001.md @@ -0,0 +1,44 @@ +## The Walt Disney Company + +制造商行为守则 + +华特·迪士尼公司全体同仁承诺: + +· 在所有业务领域里和世界各地都实行精益求精的标准; + +· 在所有运作和行为中都严守职业道德,并承担责任; + +· 尊重所有人的权利;以及 + +· 注重环保。 + +我们期望迪士尼公司商品的所有制造商都信守同样的承诺。我们要求迪士尼公司商品的所有制造商至少达到下列标准: + +## 童工 + +制造商不得雇用童工。 + +“儿童”一词是指年龄未满15岁者(或者按当地法规规定年龄未满14岁者),或高于15岁而未满当地法定最低就业年龄者或未满完成义务制教育年龄者。 + +即使所雇用的青少年不符合上述“儿童”的定义,制造商仍须遵守有关此类人士的任何相关法律规章。 + +## 非志愿劳工 + +制造商不得雇用任何强迫性或非志愿劳工,无论是监狱劳工、奴工、契约劳工或其他劳工。 + +## 胁迫与骚扰 + +制造商将给予每个员工尊严及尊重,并不得以体罚、暴力威胁、或其他形式对其进行身体虐待、性虐待、心理虐待或口头虐待。 + +## 不歧视 + +制造商不得在聘用和雇用过程中歧视员工,包括以种族、宗教、年龄、国籍、社会或民族团体、性癖、性别、政治观点或残疾为理由在工资、福利、提拔、惩处、解雇或退休等方面对员工实行歧视。 + +## 结社 + +制造商将尊重员工以合法及和平的方式进行结社、组织以及进行集体谈判的权利,而不得加以惩罚或干预。 + +## 健康及安全 + +制造商将按照所有相关的法律规章,为员工提供安全和健康的工作场所,并确保他们获得能够满足其最低需求的饮用水和卫生设施;消防安全;以及充足的照明和通风。制造商亦将确保在为员工提供任何宿舍时,实行同样的健康及安全标准。 + diff --git a/markdowns/legal_contract_00002.md b/markdowns/legal_contract_00002.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..206adf2cb3edb59e37a136839e88994c7fc5c4b4 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/legal_contract_00002.md @@ -0,0 +1,97 @@ +另表第2 违约金(有关第6条第2项)……旅馆用 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
解除契约收到通知日 契约申请人数不住当日1天前2天前3天前5天前6天前7天前8天前14天前15天前20天前30天前
14名为止100%100%50%30%30%%%%%%%%%
15~30名为止100%100%70%50%50%30%20%20%10%%%%%
31名~100名为止100%100%70%50%50%30%20%20%10%10%%%%
101名以上100%100%70%50%50%30%20%20%20%10%10%10%%
+ +(注)1. %是相对基本住宿费违约金的比率。 + +2. 缩短契约天数时,与缩短天数无关,按一天(第一天)收取违约金。 + +3. 团体客(15名以上)的一部分解除契约时,住宿10天前(其当日后接受申请时按接受申请日为准)住宿人数的10%(向上取整数)不收违约金。 + diff --git a/markdowns/legal_contract_00003.md b/markdowns/legal_contract_00003.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..e6ed87faf7850fad003056fd1a6f68eaa7853a42 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/legal_contract_00003.md @@ -0,0 +1,36 @@ +## 第五条 受益人 + +除本合同另有约定外,本合同保险金的受益人为被保险人本人。 + +## 第六条 保险期间 + +本合同保险期间为一年,以保险单载明的起讫时间为准。 + +## 第七条 保险金额 + +保险金额是保险人承担给付保险金责任的最高限额。本合同的保险金额由投保人、保险人双方约定,并在保险单中载明。保险金额一经确定,保险期间内不能进行变更。 + +## 第八条 年度总赔偿限额 + +保险单或批单中所载的额度,是每一年度保险期间中保险人在本合同项下对任一被保险人累计支付保险金的最高额度。 + +若在保险期间中,在本合同下对任一被保险人支付的累计总保险金达到了年度总赔偿限额,则在剩余的保险期间中,不会对该被保险人再支付任何保险金。 + +## 第九条 免赔额和自付比率 + +免赔额:在保险单或批单中详细载明的,在依据保险单申请相应的理赔款之前,需要被保险人自己承担的或者支付的金额。 + +自付比率:在保险单或批单中详细载明的,用于计算被保险人在扣除免赔额之外(如有)还必须自己承担的医疗费用的比率。 + +## 第十条 保险费的支付 + +保险费金额根据投保的保险期间开始时每个被保险人的周岁年龄,按照相应的保险期间开始时保险人有效适用的费率表和可能对承保风险有实质性影响的因素计算得出。保险人有权变更费率表并将其适用于投保人与保险人在费率表变更后订立的保险合同。 + +投保人应按照保险合同的约定,在保险单、续保批单、临时保险合同或批单等载明的保险合同生效日、续保日之前,向保险人全额交纳保险费。 + +投保人未按保险合同约定交纳保险费的,则保险合同不生效,保险人在任何情况下均不承担保险责任。投保人在保险合同约定的交费日期之后的任何付款,均不能使该保险合同重新产生效力,但因外汇支付审批手续原因,保险费需迟于上述保险合同约定的交费日交纳且经保险人同意的除外。 + +## 第十⼀条 犹豫期 + +投保人在收到本合同之后享有14个工作日的犹豫期以审阅本合同。若投保人在犹豫期内决定本合同不适合其需求,可以以书面形式明确告知保险人将该保险合同解除,并将保 + diff --git a/markdowns/legal_contract_00004.md b/markdowns/legal_contract_00004.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..cfa32f95cd1fca553f545abadf467ea039cc7955 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/legal_contract_00004.md @@ -0,0 +1,43 @@ +险合同和保险人发放的医疗卡等相关资料以邮寄方式归还给保险人。若在此期间内被保险人并未提出任何索赔,保险人将无息退还其所付的保险费,同时对于犹豫期内发生的保险事故所致的任何费用不负责赔偿。本犹豫期不适用于保险期间中途增加被保险人的情形,也不适用于续保的保险合同。 + +## 第二章 保障内容 + +## 第十二条 保障区域 + +保险人提供以下提供三种承保区域:全球、国际和中国计划;由投保人在投保时与保险人协商确定并在保险单中载明。 + +(一)全球计划 + +全球计划的承保区域为全球任何国家和地区。 + +(二)国际计划 + +国际计划的承保区域为除美国之外的全球任何国家和地区。 + +(三)中国计划 + +中国计划的承保区域为中华人民共和国境内(不包括香港、台湾和澳门)。 + +附属被保险人的保障区域必须等同于或小于主被保险人的保障区域。 + +## 第十三条 保险责任 + +在本合同保险期间内,被保险人遭受意外伤害或罹患疾病在其保障区域范围内符合本合同约定的医院就医的,保险人在保险单中载明的年度总赔偿限额、各保险责任的分项赔偿限额内,对被保险人实际发生并支付的医疗必需、合理且惯常的医疗费用,按本合同约定承担保险责任,本合同另有约定除外。 + +## 门诊责任 + +## 1. 普通门诊费用 + +由注册医师提供医疗服务而产生的医疗费用。 + +## 2. 专科门诊费用 + +由专科医师提供医疗服务而产生的医疗费用。 + +## 3. 物理治疗和脊柱推拿治疗费用 + +由医生或专科医生转诊,接受物理治疗或脊柱推拿治疗的医疗费用。 + +## 4. 中医、整骨及针灸治疗费用 + + diff --git a/markdowns/legal_contract_00005.md b/markdowns/legal_contract_00005.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..1705ceae993d8afb75f4ddb50d5529d8801a9bec --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/legal_contract_00005.md @@ -0,0 +1,46 @@ +保险合同下作为附属被保险人的主被保险人子女在保险合同的保险期间届满时已结婚或已年满18周岁或已非全日制在校学生,均不能继续成为本保险的附属被保险人。他们将不再有权在投保人的保险合同下享受保障。上述主被保险人子女可以与保险人另行订立保险合同;如果其在与保险人订立新的保险合同之前的保险保障并无中断,那么保险人将继续承保其在新的保险合同成立之前已存在之病症。 + +## 第十八条 保险责任的自动终止 + +本合同针对各个被保险人的保险责任将在发生下列任一情形时自动终止且无需另行通知,以当中最早发生者为准: + +1. 保险责任期间届满: + +2. 该被保险人死亡; + +若被保险人在保险期间开始时满足年龄资格要求,在保险期间内,保险责任不因其年龄的改变而自动终止。 + +## 第十九条 保险合同的解除和变更 + +(一)在保险期间内,投保人有权提前14天书面通知保险人解除合同。若在保险期间内任一被保险人已有理赔记录,则该被保险人的退还保费为零。若在保险期间内所有被保险人均未有理赔记录,保险人将按照下述“保险费退费表”以投保人支付保险费时所选择的货币类型退还已付保险费: + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
已经过的保险期间退还已付保险费
不超过60 天60%
不超过90 天50%
不超过120 天40%
不超过180 天25%
超过180 天
+ +(二)在保险期间内,投保人有权提前14天书面通知保险人终止任何附属被保险人的保障。若在保险期间内该附属被保险人已有理赔记录,退还保费为零。若该附属被保险人在保险期间内未有理赔记录,将按照下述“保险费退费表”并以投保人支付保险费时所选择的货币类型退还相应的已付保险费: + + + + + + + +
已经过的保险期间退还已付保险费
不超过60 天60%
+ diff --git a/markdowns/legal_contract_00006.md b/markdowns/legal_contract_00006.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..0683dc9df393744ed80248b0930e03ae5809e81e --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/legal_contract_00006.md @@ -0,0 +1,34 @@ +## 销售通用条款 + +## General Terms and Conditions of Sale + +## 1. 适用范围 General - Scope + +除非另有书面约定,本条款适用于双方就合同产品或服务(以下统称为"产品")的所有买卖。 + +The following terms apply to all sales of products or services and deliveries unless agreed otherwise in writing. Furthermore, they apply within the framework of an ongoing business relationship. As well as for all future business with the customer, even if this is not expressly agreed in the future. The customer's terms of business apply only if we have agreed to them in writing. + +## 2. 验收 Acceptance + +2.1 合同产品交付后,买方应自收货起十二(12)小时内在收货单上签字确认收到合同产品(买方签字确认收货或者超过12小时未签字确认收货均视为卖方已交付),并在不迟于合同产品交付后三(3)个自然日内(“验收期”)进行验收。如发现包括但不限于短少、损坏或者型号、规格等与合同约定不符,买方应在“验收期”内书面通知卖方。如果买方未书面提出合同产品不符合合同约定,则自交付之日起,已交付的合同产品被视为符合合同约定,卖方已按合同约定履行义务。 + +Upon delivery of Contractual Product, the Buyer shall sign the cargo receipt within 12 hours from the date of receipt (either signing of cargo receipt by the Buyer or even not signing but beyond the time limit shall be deemed as Product has been delivered), and the Buyer shall carry out inspection within 3 natural days (“inspection period”) upon receipt of Product. In the event that any non-conformity is found including, but not limited to shipment shortage, damage, model or specifications, etc., the Buyer shall notify the Seller in written form but within inspection period. If the Buyer fails to notify the Seller within aforesaid time limit, the Product shall be deemed in conformity with the contract and the Seller has fulfilled its obligations in accordance with the Contract. + +2.2 合同产品的轻微瑕疵(指对合同产品的安全,操作,维护和修理不构成严重影响的瑕疵)不应当成为拒绝接收的理由。卖方应当在自收到买方的书面通知后的合理期限内以合理方式修补合同产品的瑕疵。在任何情况下,合同产品部分或全部投入商业运行时,即应视为已经通过了验收。 + +Minor defects of the Contractual Products that have no serious effect on the safety, operation, maintenance or repair of the Contractual Products shall not impede the Acceptance. The Seller shall remedy such defects of the Contractual Products within a reasonable period and in a reasonable manner upon the receipt of the written notice from the Buyer. In any case, the Acceptance shall be deemed to have been granted in the event that the Contractual Products are partially or fully, put into commercial operation. + +2.3 买方或者第三人就有关检验合同产品的成本及费用应当由买方承担。 + +All costs and expenses of the Buyer or any third party with respect to inspection of the Contractual Products shall be borne by the Buyer. + +## 3. 价格Price + +除非双方另行书面同意,本合同规定的产品价格指的是“卖方在上海松江仓库交货价”,含“包装费”,“增值税”,运输或保险费用。计价单位为“人民币”。 + +Unless otherwise agreed in writing, the price of Contractual Products hereof, refers to ex-work Seller’s warehouse located in Songjiang, Shanghai, including packing fee, VAT (value added tax) and transportation fee and insurance. The currency shall be in RMB. + +## 4. 付款 Payment + +买方应当按照合同的规定向卖方支付货款。如未支付到期货款,买方应当按照逾期付款总额每天5%的比例支付延迟付款的 + diff --git a/markdowns/legal_contract_00007.md b/markdowns/legal_contract_00007.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..feea38e3a1547129afecd8f64af7d6011fa6d2e5 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/legal_contract_00007.md @@ -0,0 +1,32 @@ +滞纳金、卖方有权在卖方为履行合同做准备或开始生产合同产品之前要求买方支付预付款或提供一定的担保。 + +Payment shall be made to the Seller in accordance with the provisions hereof. In the event that any due payment is not arrived in time, the Buyer shall pay the penalty sum calculated at the charging rate of 5%. of the overdue payment per day. The Seller may require or demand down payment or adequate assurances of performance from the Buyer prior to taking any preparatory steps for performing the Contract or beginning the manufacture of the Contractual Products. + +## 5. 订单取消 Order Cancellation + +未经卖方书面同意,任何已被卖方接纳的订单均不得由买方取消。经卖方书面同意,买方可于卖方接纳订单之日起2周内书面通知卖方取消订单,并偿付卖方因取消订单引起的相关损失,包括但不限于因取消合同而造成的合理的人工费,原材料费或与合同有关的其他费用。如果买方订购的产品为特殊定制,无论何时订单取消,卖方都有权扣除买方支付的约定违约金或合同定金。 + +Any accepted order by the Seller shall not be cancelled by the Buyer without prior written consent of the Seller. With prior written consent of the seller, the Buyer may cancel order with written notice and within 2 weeks from the date of order accepted by the Seller, and indemnify the Seller for related losses arising from the cancellation thereof, including but not limited to reasonable reimbursement for any labor, material or other expenses incurred in connection with the contract. In the event that the Contractual Products are specially customized by the Buyer, whenever order cancellation hereof occurs, the Seller is entitled to deduct agreed liquidated damages paid by the Buyer or the down payment of the Contract + +## 6. 索赔 Claims + +买方因合同产品与合同及其附件不符合而向卖方提出异议或任何索赔要求应当在本条件第2.1条规定的验收期内提出。无论如何,买方不得在本条件的第11.2条规定的质量保证期期满后再就合同产品数量或质量提出索赔。 + +Any claim from the Buyer alleges that the Contractual Products are not incompliance with the Contract and its annexes shall be made to the Seller within the Inspection Period as set out in Article2.1 of the terms. In no event may Buyer claim for shortage of or defects in the Contractual Products after the expiration of the Warranty Period provided in Section 11.2 hereof. + +## 7. 装运及交付 Shipment and delivery + +7.1 卖方将按照其通常的标准装运合同产品,但卖方不负责目的地的卸货及所产生的费用。如果双方同意采取特别的运输或包装方式,买方还将承担由此产生的额外费用。买方如需变更产品交付地点或收货人,应至少在卖方发货2日前书面通知卖方,并承担因此多出的运费及其他费用。 + +The Seller shall arrange the shipment of Contractual Products according to its standard commercial practice but not be responsible for unloading and expenses arising therefrom. In case special packing or shipping instruction is agreed by both parties, additional charges thereof, if any, shall also be borne by the Buyer. In the event that the Buyer needs to change the designated shipping address or consignee, the Buyer shall, at least 2 days prior to the seller's delivery, notify the seller in writing and bear the extra freight and other charges. + +7.2 除双方另有约定外,合同产品的部分交付应被允许。 + +Unless otherwise agreed by both parties, partial shipment of Contractual products shall be allowed. + +## 8. 风险的转移 Transfer of Risk + +合同产品发生灭失或损坏的一切风险,应根据《2010年国际贸易术语解释通则》的规定,自交付时起由卖方转移至买方。如果合同产品可供交付,但由于卖方无法合理控制的原因不能交付,则自卖方书面通知买方合同产品可供交付之日起,相关合同产品灭失或损坏的风险应当自卖方转移至买方。 + +All risk of losses of or damages to the Contractual Products shall be transferred from the Seller to the Buyer upon delivery according to the Incoterms 2010. In case the Contractual Products are ready for delivery but fail to be shipped for the reason beyond the Seller's reasonable control, transfer of risks shall be deemed to have taken place upon Seller's written notice to the Buyer of readiness for delivery of the Contractual Products concerned. + diff --git a/markdowns/legal_contract_00008.md b/markdowns/legal_contract_00008.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..d78bb355e57fb9053660ac26c6088f500806af12 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/legal_contract_00008.md @@ -0,0 +1,38 @@ +## 9. 合同产品所有权 Title of Contractual Products + +卖方享有合同产品的所有权,直至买方全部付清合同总价。 + +The Seller retains the ownership to the Contractual Products until the Buyer has paid the Total Contract Amount in full + +## 10. 延期交货 Delay in Delivery + +10.1 卖方应按照合同规定的交货时间交付合同产品。 + +The Seller shall deliver the Contractual Products in accordance with the Time of Delivery as set forth in the Contract. + +10.2 卖方按照规定时间交货将基于以下条件:买方及时履行了其合同下的义务,包括不限于i) 支付合同预付款项(如有),以及ii) 及时提供所有必须的许可证及批文(如有)。如果上述条件未能及时得到满足,交货期应当延长由于上述原因耽误的相同天数并且卖方毋须承担延期的责任,买方应支付卖方因此发生的额外费用开支,包括但不限于仓储和运输费用。 + +Delivery of Contractual Products by the Seller is subject to the Buyer's fulfillment of its obligations under the Contract in a timely manner, including but not limited to i) making down payment (if any); and ii) obtaining all necessary licenses and approvals (if any). If the aforesaid conditions are not satisfied, the Time of Delivery shall be postponed accordingly for the same days delayed due to the reason above, and the Seller is not responsible for such delay in delivery. The seller shall be reimbursed by the Buyer for the additional costs and expenses arising therefrom, including but not limited to fees for storage and freight. + +10.3 如果延期归咎于本条款规定的不可抗力,或其他卖方无法合理控制的原因,交货期应当相应延长且卖方无需承担该等延期交货之责任。 + +If any delay is attributable to Force Majeure as defined hereof or any other causes beyond the reasonable control of the Seller, the date of delivery shall be postponed accordingly and the Seller is not liable for such delay thereof. + +10.4 如果因完全归咎于卖方的原因而导致交货期限超过合同规定的日期,或未能在其他经双方同意的任何推迟之后的交货期内交货,则买方可请求延期交付产品价款总额每日0.5%的违约金作为损害赔偿。该等损害赔偿最高不得超过延期交付产品价款总额的20%。该等损害赔偿是买方在卖方延期交货时可获得的唯一和所有的救济。 + +In the event that the Seller fails to deliver the Contractual Products within the Time of Delivery as set forth in the Contract, or within any agreed extension period for reasons solely attributable to the Seller, the Buyer may claim penalty as liquidated damage in the amount of 0.5% of the value of delayed Contractual Products per day. The liquidated damage in total shall be limited to 20% of the value of the delayed Contractual Products. Such liquidated damages shall be the sole and exclusive remedy of the Buyer in the event that such delay in delivery occurs. + +## 11. 质保 Warranty + +11.1 卖方保证合同产品符合双方约定的产品规格。除非卖方在合同中明确表示,卖方未就合同产品作任何其他陈述或保证(无论是隐含或法定的),包括但不限于任何有关合同产品适销、适用于特殊的目的或其他事项的保证。本条在合同终止或撤销后继续有效。 + +The Seller warrants that the Contractual Products will meet the specifications agreed by both parties. Unless expressly stated in the Contract, the Seller disclaims all representations and warranties of any kind (whether arising by implication or by legal) with respect to the Contractual Products, including but not limited to any warranties or representations as to merchantability, fitness for particular purpose or any other matter thereof. This Clause survives the termination or cancellation of the Contract. + +11.2 质保期为自交付之日起【12】个月;维修泵自交付之日起【6】个月;配件无质保。 + +The warranty period should be 12 months upon the date of receipt; Repaired pumps are covered by 6 months warranty upon the date of receipt; No warranties for spare parts. + +11.3 如果卖方已备好合同产品并向买方发出“货物备妥通知”或其他表明合同产品可以交付的通知,但由于买方的原因未交付,则合同产品的质保期自卖方发出“货物备妥通知”或其他表明合同产品可供交付的通知十五(15)日之后起算。 + +If the Contractual Products are ready for delivery and the Seller has sent the notice of "Readiness for Shipment" or other similar notice showing readiness for delivery, but the Contractual Products are not delivered due to reasons attributable to the Buyer, the warranty period of the Contractual Products shall start fifteen (15) days upon the issuing date of this notice. + diff --git a/markdowns/legal_contract_00009.md b/markdowns/legal_contract_00009.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..2aeeac899d06f81bbeb5a58937f1ee2e4c64c701 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/legal_contract_00009.md @@ -0,0 +1,52 @@ +## 2.6 责任免除 + +(一)因下列情形之一导致被保险人身故的,我们不承担给付保险金的责任: + +(1)投保人对被保险人的故意杀害、故意伤害; + +(2)被保险人故意犯罪或者抗拒依法采取的刑事强制措施; + +(3)被保险人自本保险合同生效日或者最后复效日起二年内自杀,但被保险人自杀时为无民事行为能力人的除外; + +(4) 被保险人主动吸食或注射毒品(见8.6); + +(5)被保险人酒后驾驶(见8.7)、无合法有效驾驶证驾驶(见8.8),或驾驶无有效行驶证(见8.9)的机动车(见8.10); + +(6)战争、军事冲突、暴乱或武装叛乱; + +(7)核爆炸、核辐射或核污染。 + +(二)发生上述第(1)、(2)项情形导致被保险人身故的,本保险合同终止;若您已交足二年以上保险费,我们将本保险合同终止时的现金价值作为被保险人的遗产,按《中华人民共和国继承法》的规定退还给被保险人的继承人。 + +(三)发生上述其他情形导致被保险人身故的,本保险合同终止,我们向您退还本保险合同的现金价值。 + +## 3 您如何支付保险费 + +## 3.1 保险费的支付 + +本保险合同的保险费、交费方式和交费期间由您和我们约定并在保险单上载明。 + +分期支付保险费的,在支付首期保险费后,您应当按照约定,在每个保险费约定支付日(见8.11)支付当期保险费。 + +## 3.2 宽限期 + +分期支付保险费的,除本保险合同另有约定外,自保险费约定支付日次日零时起六十日为宽限期。 + +宽限期内发生的保险事故,我们仍会承担保险责任,但在给付保险金时会扣减您欠交的保险费。 + +如果您宽限期结束之后仍未支付保险费,则本保险合同自宽限期届满次日零时起效力中止。在本保险合同效力中止期间,我们不承担保险责任。 + +## 4 您如何申请领取保险金 + +## 4.1 受益人 + +(一)身故保险金受益人 + +您或者被保险人可以指定身故保险金受益人及其受益顺序和受益份额。 + +被保险人为无民事行为能力人或限制民事行为能力人的,可以由其监护人指定受益人。 + +经被保险人书面同意后,您可以变更受益人,并书面通知我们。 + +若您或被保险人没有指定身故保险金受益人,被保险人身故后,保险金作为被保险人的遗产,由我们依照《中华人民共和国保险法》的规定履行给付保险金的义务。 + diff --git a/markdowns/legal_contract_00010.md b/markdowns/legal_contract_00010.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..959f60e29a9e422289ff78d72d62532b1598d898 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/legal_contract_00010.md @@ -0,0 +1,55 @@ +受益人故意造成被保险人死亡、伤残、疾病的,或者故意杀害被保险人未遂的,该受益人丧失受益权。 + +(二)其他保险金受益人 + +除另有约定外,其他保险金的受益人为被保险人本人。 + +## 4.2 保险事故通知 + +请您、被保险人或受益人在知道保险事故发生后十日内通知我们。 + +如果您、被保险人或受益人故意或者因重大过失未及时通知,致使保险事故的性质、原因、伤害程度等难以确定的,我们对无法确定的部分,不承担给付保险金的责任,但我们通过其他途径已经及时知道或者应当及时知道保险事故发生或者虽未及时通知但不影响我们确定保险事故的性质、原因、伤害程度的除外。 + +## 4.3 保险金申请 + +在申请保险金时,请按照下列方式办理: + +## 身故保险金申请 + +受益人须填写保险金给付申请书,并提供下列证明和资料: + +(1)受益人的有效身份证件(8.12): + +(2)国家卫生行政部门认定的医疗机构、公安部门或其他相关机构出具的被保险人的死亡证明; + +(3) 被保险人户籍注销证明; + +(4)所能提供的与确认保险事故的性质、原因等有关的其他证明和资料。 + +## 生存保险金、关爱保险金申请 + +受益人须填写保险金给付申请书,并提供下列证明和资料: + +(1)受益人的有效身份证件; + +(2)所能提供的其他与本项给付相关的资料。 + +## 特别注意事项 + +保险金作为被保险人遗产时,必须提供可证明合法继承权的相关权利文件。 +以上证明和资料不完整的,我们将及时一次性通知受益人补充提供有关证明和资料。 + +## 4.4 保险金的给付 + +我们在收齐保险金给付申请书及上述有关证明和资料后,将在五日内作出核定;情形复杂的,在三十日内作出核定。对属于保险责任的,我们在与受益人达成给付保险金的协议后十日内,履行给付保险金义务。若我们在收齐相关证明和资料后三十日内仍未作出核定,除支付保险金外,我们将赔偿受益人因此受到的损失。 + +对不属于保险责任的,我们自作出核定之日起三日内向受益人发出拒绝给付保险金通知书并说明理由。 + +我们在收到保险金给付申请书及有关证明和资料之日起六十日内,对给付保险金的数额不能确定的,根据已有证明和资料可以确定的数额先予支付;我们最终确定给付保险金的数额后,将支付相应的差额。 + +## 4.5 宣告死亡处理 + +如果被保险人在本保险合同有效期内失踪,而且被法院宣告死亡,我们以法院判决宣告死亡之日作为被保险人的死亡时间,按本保险合同的约定给付身故保险金,本保险合同终止。 + + + diff --git a/markdowns/legal_contract_00011.md b/markdowns/legal_contract_00011.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..bfa975edc356299218451e9cc8fa154488c3535b --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/legal_contract_00011.md @@ -0,0 +1,42 @@ +Page 2 + +本词汇表对第8(j)条和相关条款范围内使用的一些术语和概念作了说明。本词汇表既不打算提供正式的定义,也不打算包罗一切,其目的是供在自愿的基础上使用。 + +本词汇表的使用并不影响《公约》中使用的术语,也不得被解释为意味着缔约方根据《公约》享有的权利和承担的义务有任何改变。 + +本词汇表的目的是促使在《公约》下举行的会议中对第8(j)条和相关条款范围内使用的术语和概念取得共同理解。 + +关于国家内的使用,各术语和概念受制于各缔约方或国家政府的国家法律和不同国情,同时注意到许多缔约方对于在其管辖范围内可能已经适用的术语和概念有着特定的理解。 + +下文所述术语和概念补充《公约》和《名古屋议定书》内所载的术语。 + +第VII/16 F号决定中核可的《对拟议在圣地和土著和当地社区历来居住或使用的土地和水域上进行的或可能对这些土地和水域产生影响的开发活动进行文化、环境和社会影响评估的阿格维古自愿性准则》和第XIII/18号决定通过和欢迎的《“生命之根”自愿准则》内所使用的术语和概念都列入本词汇表内,因为它们都直接与第8(j)条和相关条款有关。 + +本词汇表可酌情作为根据《公约》举行的会议对第8(j)条和相关条款范围内的术语和概念进行审议和使用的来源。 + +本词汇表补充第X/42号决定中通过的《确保尊重土著和地方社区文化和知识遗产的特加里瓦伊埃里道德行为守则》。 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
第一部分
来自《生物多样性公约》或《公约》下所做决定的术语和概念
术语或概念对《公约》范围内使用的术语或概念的理解
传统知识土著人民和地方社区体现与保护和可持续利用生物多样性相关的传统生活方式的知识、创新和做法。$^2$
可持续习惯使用按照与保护和可持续利用要求相符的传统文化习俗使用生物资源。$^3$
土著和地方社区或
土著人民和地方社区$^4$
《生物多样性公约》没有界定“土著和地方社区”或“土著人民和地方社区”这些术语的定义。《联合国土著人民权利宣言》没有通过关于“土著人民”的普遍性定义,因此,并不建议制定这样一个定义。$^{5, 6}$
+ +2 来自第8(j)条并在关于《阿格维古准则》的第VII/16号决定F节的第6(h)段中得到核可。 + +3 来自第 10条(c)款。 + +4 缔约方大会第XII/12号决定F节在今后根据《公约》通过的决定中使用“土著人民和地方社区”这一术语,并且不以任何方式影响《公约》第8(j)条和相关条款的法律意义。随后,2016年12月《卡塔赫纳议定书》和《名古屋议定书》的缔约方分别在BS-VIII/19号决定和NP-2/7号决定中作出类似决定。 + +5 注:《联合国土著人民权利宣言》未通过关于“土著人民”的普遍性定义,因此,不建议制定这样一个定义。不过,联合国土著问题常设论坛作为专家机构,对“土著人民的概念”提出了建议,它引述了特别报告员José Martinez Cobo + diff --git a/markdowns/legal_contract_00012.md b/markdowns/legal_contract_00012.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..02e9711a2dd646746a78ccd3b407010469f24fe9 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/legal_contract_00012.md @@ -0,0 +1,59 @@ +## 定义 + +## 毛利润 + +毛利润数额为: + +(I) 营业额与年终库存两项数额之和 + +减去 + +(11)年初库存与特定营业费用两项的数额之和 + +注意:年初库存和年终库存的数额应按照被保险人正常的会计计算方法并适用正常折旧规定计算得出。 + +## 指定的经营费用 + +1. 所有采购成本(减除获得的折扣): + +2. 工资的全部数额; + +3. 本保单中列明的其他费用。 + +## 非持续费用 + +注意本定义中所使用的词语或措词的含义应与被保险人账册中该词语或措词通常表达的意义相一致。 + +## 工资 + +所有员工的报酬总额(包括国家强制保险费、奖金、节假日工资、职工退休金、医疗费用支出以及其他类似支出)。 + +## 营业额 + +被保险人在其营业处所经营业务过程中,因出售、交付货物及提供服务而收取的款项(应减去折扣金额)。 + +## 赔偿期限 + +此期限自损失发生起并不迟于明细表规定之月份数结束,在此期间被保险人的经营受到损失影响。 + +## 毛利润率 + +在发生损失之日前的一个财务年度的毛利润与营业额的比率。 + +## 工资率 + +在发生损失之日前的一个财务年度的工资总额与营业额的比率。 + +## 年度营业额 + +发生损失之日前的十二个月内的 + +营业额。 + +## 标准营业额 + +发生损失之日前十二个月内对应赔偿期时的营业额 + +这些数额或比率必要时应根据营业趋势及情况的变化,或损失发生前后业务受影响情况,或如未发生损失原会影响业务的其他情况予以调整,使调整的数额尽可能合理地接近在出险后有关期间如未发生损失原可取得的经营结果。 + + diff --git a/markdowns/legal_contract_00013.md b/markdowns/legal_contract_00013.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..6d74a37c02fcf656748ebf59ccaf48d021cab3f1 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/legal_contract_00013.md @@ -0,0 +1,37 @@ +## 总则 + +## 1. 识别 + +本保单及明细表(共同构成本保单的全部内容)应被视为一个完整的合同,任何在本保单或明细表中赋予特殊含义的词汇或措辞在文中任何地方出现时应具备同样的含义。 + +## 2. 错误陈述 + +如果投保人对被保险财产或该财产所在的建筑物或地点、或与本保险有关的业务或建筑物的描述包含实质性错误,或者错误陈述或遗漏对评估风险有重大影响的事实,对于受此等错误描述、陈述或遗漏影响的财产,保险人不承担赔偿责任。 + +## 3. 注销 + +投保人任何时候都可以提出终止本保单,这种情况下保险人将按惯例以短期费率保留本保单已生效期间的保费。保险人也可以选择终止本保单,但须提前十五天通知投保人,并应当按比例退还自本保单终止之日起到本保单期满期间的保费。 + +## 4. 失效 + +被保险人或者受益人在未发生保险事故的情况下,谎称发生了保险事故,向保险人提出赔偿或者给付保险金的请求的,保险人有权解除保险合同,并不退还保险费。 + +投保人、被保险人或者受益人故意制造保险事故的,保险人有权解除保险合同,不承担赔偿或者给付保险金的责任,除本法第六十五条第一款另有规定外,也不退还保险费。 + +保险事故发生后,投保人、被保险人或者受益人以伪造、变造的有关证明、资料或者其他证据,编造虚假的事故原因或者夸大损失程度的,保险人对其虚报的部分不承担赔偿或者给付保险金的责任。 + +投保人、被保险人或者受益人有前三款所列行为之一,致使保险人支付保险金或者支出费用的,应当退回或者赔偿。 + +## 5. 代位求偿 + +本保单项下的任何索赔方都应从保险人的利益出发为实现或取得对其他方主张的权益或补偿而采取一切必要的或者保险人合理要求的行动,保险人在向被保险人履行本保单项下的损失赔偿或补偿义务后将有权获得上述权益或补偿,而无论被保险人是在保险人履行赔付义务之前还是之后采取此等必要或保险人合理要求的行动。 + +## 6. 重复保险分摊比例 + +如果被保险财产发生灭失或损坏时,还有其他保险存在(不论此等保险是被保险人投保还是其他人投保的)并对该损失或被保险财产承担全部或部分赔偿责任,那么本保单的保险人所支付的赔款不应超过其按比例应承担的部分。 + +## 7. 争议处理 + +有关本保单的争议应通过友好协商解决,如协商不成,可选择以下二种方式之一解决: + + diff --git a/markdowns/legal_contract_00014.md b/markdowns/legal_contract_00014.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..f296b08368254996e94e44ba711bff9ee19e0f1c --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/legal_contract_00014.md @@ -0,0 +1,52 @@ +(a) 因履行本保单发生的争议,由双方协商解决,协商不成的,提交本保单中载明的仲裁委员会仲裁; + +(b) 因履行本保单发生的争议,由双方协商解决,协商不成的,依法向人民法院起诉。 + +因本保单产生的争议适用中华人民共和国法律,并受中华人民共和国司法管辖。 + +## 8. 变更与转移 + +如果发生下列任何情形之一,本保单将停止对受该等情形影响的财产承担保障责任,除非被保险人在财产灭失或损害前取得保险人或其代表以正式批单形式做出的许可。 + +(a) 已进行的交易或产品发生变化,或财产占有权性质变化或出现其他影响建筑物或被保险财产导致财产灭失或损害风险增加; + +(b) 存放被保险财产的本保单项下的建筑物闲置并且保持闲置状态的时间超过30天; + +(c) 被保险财产转移到其他非本保单项下列明的建筑物或地点; + +(d) 因遗嘱或法律程序之外的原因造成被保险财产的权益从被保险人处转移。 + +## 9. 索赔 + +如果发生任何导致或可能引起本保单项下索赔的情况,被保险人在获知此等情况时必须: + +(a) 立即 + +(1) 实施减少灭失或损坏影响的措施,并尽力追回丢失的财产; + +(2) 以书面形式通知保险人: + +(3) 如果属于或怀疑为盗窃或者蓄意或恶意破坏事件,应通知公安机关。 + +(b) 30 天内或在经保险人书面同意的较长时间内向保险人递交: + +(1)关于灭失或损坏的书面索赔,说明关于本保单项下的财产灭失或损坏的具体情况,依据灭失或损坏发生时的财产价值估计此等灭失或损害的金额; + +(2) 如果涉及被保险人的其他保险,应予以特别说明。 + +被保险人应自付费用,准备、取得并向保险人提交一切有关损失财产的细节、设计图、规格、账册、凭证、发票及其副本或影印本和其他关于索赔的文件,证明以及相关信息,说明灭失或损害发生的原因及当时的情况,包括保险人或其代表合理要求的与保险人承担赔偿责任有关的一切事项的说明,并宣誓申明或以其他法律形式保证此等索赔以及相关资料的真实性。 + +## 10. 保险人权益 + +当发生本保单项下的任何被保险财产灭失或损坏时,保险人可以: + +(a) 进入、取得并保持对灭失或损坏发生处的建筑物或房屋的占有权。 + +(b) 取得或要求取得在灭失或损害发生时该建筑物或房屋内的被保险财产的占有权。 + +(c) 占有此等财产,并进行检验、分类、调整、移动或类似的处理。 + +(d) 代替有关人员销售或处置此等财产。 + +保险人可以行使本条款所赋予的权利,直至被保险人书面通知保险人其不在本保单项下提出索赔,或者被保险人提出索赔而该索赔已结案或被撤销,该权利即行终止;保险人无需因为 + diff --git a/markdowns/legal_contract_00015.md b/markdowns/legal_contract_00015.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..2de2c5abe5731f8082afcbde63d36ba43b58b059 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/legal_contract_00015.md @@ -0,0 +1,46 @@ +为根据第十四条约定计算的金额扣除该金额与免赔率乘积后的金额。 + +保险标的在连续 72 小时内遭受暴雨、台风、洪水或其它连续发生的自然灾害所致损失视为一次单独事件,在计算赔偿时视为一次保险事故,并扣减一个相应的免赔额(率)。被保险人可自行决定 72 小时的起始时间,但若在连续数个 72 小时期间内发生损失,任何两个或两个以上 72 小时期限不得重叠。 + +第十六条 若本保险合同所列标的不止一项时,应分项计算赔偿,保险人对每一保险项目的赔偿责任均不得超过本保险合同明细表对应列明的分项保险金额,以及本保险合同特别条款或批单中规定的其他适用的赔偿限额。在任何情况下,保险人在本保险合同下承担的对物质损失的最高赔偿金额不得超过保险合同明细表中列明的总保险金额。 + +第十七条 保险标的的保险金额大于或等于其应保险金额时,被保险人为防止或减少保险标的的损失所支付的必要的、合理的费用,在保险标的损失赔偿金额之外另行计算,最高不超过被施救标的的应保险金额。 + +保险标的的保险金额小于其应保险金额时,上述费用按被施救标的的保险金额与其应保险金额的比例在保险标的损失赔偿金额之外另行计算,最高不超过被施救标的的保险金额。 + +被施救的财产中,含有本保险合同未承保财产的,按被施救保险标的的应保险金额与全部被施救财产价值的比例分摊施救费用。 + +第十八条 保险标的发生部分损失,保险人履行赔偿义务后,本保险合同的保险金额自损失发生之日起按保险人的赔偿金额相应减少,保险人不退还保险金额减少部分的保险费。如投保人请求恢复至原保险金额,应按原约定的保险费率另行支付恢复部分从投保人请求的恢复日期起至保险期间届满之日止按日比例计算的保险费。 + +## 第二部分 第三者责任保险部分 + +## 保险责任 + +第十九条 在保险期间内,因发生与本保险合同所承保工程直接相关的意外事故引起工地内及邻近区域的第三者人身伤亡、疾病或财产损失,依法应由被保险人承担的经济赔偿责任,保险人按照本保险合同约定负责赔偿。 + +第二十条 本项保险事故发生后,被保险人因保险事故而被提起仲裁或者诉讼的,对应由被保险人支付的仲裁或诉讼费用以及其他必要的、合理的费用(以下简称“法律费用”),经保险人书面同意,保险人按照本保险合同约定也负责赔偿。 + +## 责任免除 + +第二十一条 下列原因造成的损失、费用,保险人不负责赔偿; + +(一)由于震动、移动或减弱支撑而造成的任何财产、土地、建筑物的损失及由此造成的任何人身伤害和物质损失; + +(二)领有公共运输行驶执照的车辆、船舶、航空器造成的事故。 + +第二十二条 下列损失、费用,保险人也不负责赔偿: + +(一)本保险合同物质损失项下或本应在该项下予以负责的损失及各种费用: + +(二)工程所有人、承包人或其他关系方或其所雇用的在工地现场从事与工程有关工作的职员、工人及上述人员的家庭成员的人身伤亡或疾病; + +(三)工程所有人、承包人或其他关系方或其所雇用的职员、工人所有的或由上述人员所照管、控制的财产发生的损失; + +(四)被保险人应该承担的合同责任,但无合同存在时仍然应由被保险人承担的法律责任不在此限。 + +## 责任限额与免赔额(率) + +第二十三条 责任限额包括每次事故责任限额、每人人身伤亡责任限额、累计责任限额,由投保人与保险人协商确定,并在保险合同中载明。 + +第二十四条 每次事故免赔额(率)由投保人与保险人在订立保险合同时协商确定,并在保险合同中载明。 + diff --git a/markdowns/legal_contract_00016.md b/markdowns/legal_contract_00016.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..0b29657ce64d06d0e4d71f7f0815cd4812e501dc --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/legal_contract_00016.md @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +或批单为准,附加条款或批单未尽之处,以本保险合同条款为准。 + +第二十七条 订立本保险合同时,投保人对被保险人不具有保险利益的,本保险合同无效,保险人扣减相应手续费后退还剩余保险费。 + +## 释义 + +第二十八条 本保险合同具有特定含义的名词,其定义如下: + +保险金申请人:指被保险人、受益人或依法享有保险金请求权的其他人。 + +周岁:指按有效身份证件中记载的出生日期计算的年龄,自出生之日起为零周岁,每经过一年增加一岁,不足一年的不计算。 + +不可抗力:指不能预见、不能避免并不能克服的客观情况。 + +意外伤害事故:指外来的、非本意的、突然的、非疾病的使被保险人身体受到伤害的客观事件。猝死不属于意外伤害事故。 + +其中“猝死”是指表面健康的人因潜在疾病、机能障碍或其他原因在出现症状后24小时内发生的非暴力性突然死亡。猝死的认定以医院的诊断和公安司法部门的鉴定为准。 + +潜水:指以辅助呼吸器材在江、河、湖、海、水库、运河等水域进行的水下活动。 + +攀岩:指以攀登悬崖、楼宇外墙、人造悬崖、冰崖、冰 + + diff --git a/markdowns/legal_contract_00017.md b/markdowns/legal_contract_00017.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..7b17e99b2aadbfa58fa842d3789d50acae3cb92e --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/legal_contract_00017.md @@ -0,0 +1,58 @@ +## 产品与服务购买条款与条件(续) + +(b) 根据审计结果,双方应在任何审计结果公布后 45 天内对任何不当收费进行结算;如果任何审计结果要求,则承包商应在任何审计结果公布后 45 天内提供或重新履行采购范围。 + +(c) 承包商对用于审计的账簿和记录的保留期限应不短于下列时间中的最长期限: + +(i) 合同终止后五(5)年或适用法律要求的任何更长期限; + +(ⅲ) 单包商的任何履行或重新履行采购范围的义务到期后两(2)年; + +(d) 如合同规定了遵守反贿赂法所需的保存相关记录的更长期限,承包商将遵守该要求。 + +## 23 各方关系 + +## 23.1 独立承包商 + +承包商作为独立的承包商,在履行合同的所有方面保持独立。对于为达成合同要求的目标所采取的履行方式和方法,承包商应负责。 + +## 23.2 无商业关系 + +(a) 本合同或其履行均不产生合伙或合资企业。没有任何一方被任命为另一方的代理人。合同不允许承包商代表公司集团做出任何承诺。 + +(b) 承包商和承包商人员不被视为公司集团任何成员的雇员,也不具有参与任何公司集团雇员福利计划的资格。 + +## 24 承包商人员和分包 + +## 24.1 责任 + +由任何分包商和所有承包商人员履行的任何采购范围和其涉及的所有作为、不作为和违约都应作为承包商自身的作为、不作为和违约,承包商应对其承担责任。 + +## 24.2 分包条件和分包合同 + +承包商不得分包其合同下的任何义务,除非与公司达成书面协议。承包商应保证分包商在所有重大方面与合同的条款和条件一致。 + +## 25 转让 + +一方转让或更新全部或部分合同必须取得另一方的书面同意,但是,公司可在向承包商发出书面通知后将全部或部分合同转让或变更至其关联方,而无需获得承包商的同意。 + +## 26 不可抗力 + +(a) 如公司或承包商中任何一方在履行义务时因不可抗力事件受阻,则该方应免除履行受影响部分的义务,除非该事件由该方的错误导致,或因通过合理审慎行为可能避免或缓和的情况导致。 + +(b) 仅下列事件被视为不可抗力事件: + +(i) 暴乱、战争、封锁、破坏或恐怖主义威胁或活动: + +(ii)地震、洪水、火灾、已命名的飓风或旋风,潮汐,龙卷风或其他自然物理灾难; + +(ii)放射性污染、传染病、海难或空难; + +(iv) 国家或地区级别、不包含构成单包商集团或公司集团员工的罢工或劳资纠纷,且对声称发生不可抗力一方履行合同造成实质性损害; + +(v) 阻止合同履行的政府制裁、禁运、指令或法律: + +(vi)一方无法及时获得执照、许可证或政府批准以便开展合同; + + + diff --git a/markdowns/legal_contract_00018.md b/markdowns/legal_contract_00018.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..5b185181c88525f6acbf943f041d084524e18cbe --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/legal_contract_00018.md @@ -0,0 +1,43 @@ +## 产品与服务购买条款与条件(续) + +账簿和记录:指有关本合同和实施采购范围的电子或其他形式的账簿、账户、合同、记录和文件。 + +公司集团:指公司及 + +(a)其联合投资者和合资企业; + +(b)公司的任何关联方,其合营企业,或其联合投资者; + +(c) 接受公司(及其合资企业或联合投资者)或公司(及其合资企业或联合投资者)的关联方直接控制和监督的任何董事、高级职员及员工及其他个人。提及公司集团包括提及其各自成员。 + +公司提供项目:指为实施采购范围向承包商提供的材料、设备、服务或设施。 + + + +保密信息:指公司集团或其代表向承包商集团提供的数据、软件和所有技术、商业、财务、法律和其他信息以及记录该等数据、软件或信息的项目,以及所有工作成果、个人信息和采购范围,以及本合同条款。 + +间接损失: + +(a) 间接或后果性损失; + +(b) 生产损失、产品损失、使用损失和收入损失、利润损失或预期利润损失(无论上述损失为直接、间接或后果性,且不论该等损失在订立合同时是否可预见。 + +合同价格:指公司在合同项下应向承包商支付的总额。 + +承包商设备:由承包商集团所有或承包的任何机械、车间、工具、设备、货物、材料、供货及其他物项(包括所有相关的零部件、存储用集装箱、包装及固定装置),但前提是其所有权未转移,亦不会根据合同转移至公司。 + +承包商集团:包括承包商和: + +(a) 其分包商: + +(b) 承包商或其分包商的任何关联方:和 + +(c) 被承包商、分包商、承包商和分包商之关联方聘用的、或代表其行事的董事、高级职员、员工、其他人士或代理人员。提及承包商集团包括提及各成员。 + + + +承包商人员:指由承包商集团直接或间接提供的,且被分配执行与采购范围有关工作的任何个人,不论其是否为承包商集团的员工 + +联合投资者:指与公司或其任何关联方签署联合合作协议、生产分成安排或仅为该协议或安排之目的签署类似协议或安排的任何人士。提及联合投资者包括提及每一联合投资者。 + + diff --git a/markdowns/legal_contract_00019.md b/markdowns/legal_contract_00019.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..9fd86533578f1c98cd20af13f879d630d5ac4db5 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/legal_contract_00019.md @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +另表第1 住宿费等详细内容(第2条第1项及第12条第1项关系) + + + +
详 细 内 容
住宿客需支付总额住宿费① 基本住宿费(客室费(及客室费+早饭等饮食费))② 服务费($① \times \quad \%$)
追加付费③ 追加饮食(不含①里指定的事项)④ 服务费($③ \times \quad \%$)
税 金1) 消费税2) 入汤税(只限温泉地)
+ +备注 1 基本住宿费 参照出示的费用表。 + +2 儿童费用适用小学以下,提供与大人一样的饮食和寝具时收取大人费用的 70%,提供儿童用饮食和寝具时收费 50%,仅提供寝具收费 30%。 + +不提供寝具及饮食的幼儿,收取 + +(只限制定有幼儿费用的酒店·旅馆。) + diff --git a/markdowns/legal_contract_00020.md b/markdowns/legal_contract_00020.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..a5b68718b275e66f0659e950b73a9e31965b3442 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/legal_contract_00020.md @@ -0,0 +1,106 @@ +另表第2 违约金(有关第6条第2项)…酒店用 + +
解除契约收到通知日
契约申请人数
不住当天前天9天前20天前
一般14名为止%%%%%
团体15~99名为止%%%%%
100名以上%%%%%
+ +(注)1. %,相对基本住宿费违约金的比率。 + +2. 缩短契约天数时,与缩短天数无关,按一天(第一天)违约金收取。 + +3. 团体客(15名以上)的一部分解除契约时,住宿10天前(其当日后接受申请时接受申请日为准)住宿人数的10%(尾数上进)不收违约金。 + +另表第2 违约金(有关第6条第2项)……旅馆用 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
解除契约收到通知日 契约申请人数不住当日前天2
天前
3
天前
5
冬前
6天前7
天前
8天前14
天前
1
5
天前
2
0
天前
3
0
天前
14 名为止%%%%%%%%%%%%%
15~30名为止%%%%%%%%%%%%%
31 名~100名为止%%%%%%%%%%%%%
101 名以上%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+ +(注)1. %,相对基本住宿费违约金的比率。 + +2. 缩短契约天数时,与缩短天数无关,按一天(第一天)违约金收取。 + +3. 团体客(15名以上)的一部分解除契约时,住宿10天前(其当日后接受申请时接受申请日为准)住宿人数的10%(尾数上进)不收违约金。 + diff --git a/markdowns/legal_contract_00021.md b/markdowns/legal_contract_00021.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..8739aa4a333c0c204a3823a16c3b994f4dc0a8ad --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/legal_contract_00021.md @@ -0,0 +1,103 @@ +## General Terms and Conditions of Contract 合同通用条款和条件 + +1. General 治则 + +11 These General Terms and Conditions of Contract ("General Conditions") shall apply to the supply of products by GOOBRUGG CHENGDU ("Supply"). The Supply may include the installation or supervision of installation ("Services") of the products. + +本合同通用条款和条件(“通用条款”)适用于布鲁克(成都)工程有限公司(“成都布鲁克”)提供的产品(货物),货物包括安装或安装监理服务(“服务”)。 + +12 The "Contract" herein refers to the concrete contract separately signed by GEDERUGG CHENGDU and the Customer on a particular project. + +本通用条款中,“合同”是指成都布鲁克与客户就特定项目单独签订的具体合同。 + +12 Unless otherwise agreed, the Contract shall become effective upon the signature and stamp by GEOBRUGG CHENGDU and the Customer + +除非双方另有约定,合同在成都布鲁克和客户签字盖章之日生效。 + +13 The scope of the Supply is exhaustively set forth in the Contract or other documents executed by GEOBRUGG CHENGDU and the Customer. + +货物范围仅限于合同或双方签署的其他文件所列明的范围。 + +14 Customer's general terms and conditions of contract shall not be valid unless expressly accepted in writing by GEOBRUGG CHENGDU. + +客户的合同通用条款和条件对该都有鲁克不发生效力,成都布鲁克书面明确表示接受的除外。 + +1S All agreements and legally relevant declarations by the Parties shall be in written form. + +双方所有协议和相关法律声明均须采用书面形式。 + +16 Customer understands and agrees that the products supplied by GEOBRUGG CHENGDU are customized based on the particular needs and requirements, and can only be used by the Customer. The unjustifiable cancellation or termination of the Contract by the Customer shall cause serious loss to GEOBRUGG CHENGDU, which shall be no less than the contract price of the products. + +客户了解并同意,该都有暂充提供的产品是根据客户特定需求定制。只能自客户使用,客户不合理取消或终止合同。对该都有暂充将造成严重损失。该损失不低于产品的合同价格。 + +2 Prices and Terms of Payment 价格和支付条款 + +21. The prices and the terms of payment are set forth in Contract or other documents executed by GEDBRUGG CHENGDU and the Customer. The terms of payment must be complied with, even if the performance of the Contract is delayed or if minor parts of the Supply are missing. + +价格和支付条款在合同或成都有暂充与客户签署的其他文件中进行了明确规定。即使合同冯延履行或货物少量短缺,客户切应严格按支付条款履行付款义务。 + +22 The place of payment shall be the demicile of GE OBRUGG CHENGDU. The Customer shall not be entitled to withhold payments or to offset payments against courterains. 付款地点为该部布鲁克斯街地。客户无权拒付或以原索赔的方式退行抵消。 + +23 In the event of payment by installments, if the customer becomes overdue for any installment, the rest installments thereof shall become due in advance and GEOBRUGG CHENGDU shall have the right to claim all payments as of the overdue date. + +在分期付款情况下,如果客户任何一期付款逾期,则其余分期款提前到期,或都有暂充有权自任一分期款逾期之日起,就全部应付款项提前主张。 + +24 In the event of failure by the Customer to comply with the terms of payment the Customer shall, without reminder, pay to GEOBRUGG CHENGDU interest calculated from the due date at a rate of 24% per annum. + +如果客户未能遵守支付条款,客户应自逾期之日起,按年利率 24% 向成都布鲁克支付逾期利息。 + +3 Delivery Period 交货期 + +31 The period for the delivery of the Supply "Delivery Period" shall be governed by the Contract. + +货物交付期(交货期)自成都布鲁克与客户在合同中进行具体的约定。 + +32 The Delivery Period shall be extended for a reasonable term if an event occurs that cannot be averted by GEOBRUGG CHENGDU in spite of exercise of due care, or if any other circumstances whatsoever beyond the reasonable control of GEOBRUGG CHENGDU occur. + +如果发生成都有售京尽到合理注意义务仍不可避免的事件,或者发生其他超出成都布鲁克合理控制范围内的其他情形,交货期应当适当延长。 + +33 In the event the Delivery Period is not complied with, the Customer shall be entitled to claim liquidated damages for delayed delivery, provided that it has been proved that the delay was caused through the fault of GEOBRUGG CHENGDU and, furthermore, that the Customer suffered damage as a consequence of the delay. The amount of liquidated damages shall be 0.2% of the contract price of the delayed part of the Supply for each full week of delay, and the maximum amount of liquidated damages shall in no event exceed 5% of the contract price of such part. If GEOBRUGG CHENGDU fails to deliver the Supply by the date the maximum amount of liquidated damages has been exceeded, the Customer shall grant GEOBRUGG CHENGDU a reasonable extension of time to complete the delivery. + +如果有证据证明布鲁克的失误导致发生交货延迟,且客户因该迟延遭受损失,客户有权主张延迟交货的违约赔偿金。每迟延一周,违约企业为迟延交货部分价款的0.2%,最多不超过迟延部分价款的5%。如果成都市鲁克在违约金达到最高额之日仍未结交货的,客户应适当延长交货期,以便成都布鲁克完成交货。 + +34 The claims of the Customer arising from or in connection with any delays in the performance of the Contract are expressly and exhaustively regulated in this Clause 3, and any further claims of the Customer are excluded. This limitation of liability shall not apply in the event of gross negligence or willful misconduct. + +客户基于忍延履行率有的全部索赔仅限于第3条中已明确的定的范围。除此之外客户无权提出其他索赔。本条款的责任限制不适用于因重大过失或故意行为导致的交货迟延。 + +4 Transfer of Risk, Bearing of Cost 风险转移和费用承担 + +The risk of damage to the Supply shall pass to the Customer upon delivery, and the bearing of cost shall be specified in the Contract. + +货物损毁天失的风险于交货时转移至客户,费用承担由双方在合同中进行约定。 + +5 Acceptance 验收 + +S1 The Customer shall inspect the Supply upon receipt thereof and shall, within 7 days of receipt of the Supply at the latest, notify GEOBRUGG CHENGDU in writing of defects (if any). If the Customer fails to notify defects in accordance with this Clause S.1, then the Supply shall be deemed to have been accepted by the Customer. + +客户应在收到货物后对货物进行检查,并至少在收到货物的7日内以书面形式通知成都布鲁克货物存在的缺陷(如果有)。如果客户未能按照第5.1条就缺陷问题通知成都布鲁克,则视为该货物应已通过客户验收。 + +52 In the event the inspection shows that the Supply is not defective or that it reveals minor defects, the Supply shall be deemed to have been accepted by the + +Customer upon completion of the inspection. + +如果货物经检验没有缺陷或存在轻微缺陷,则货物在客户完成检验后,视为通过客户验收。 + +53 The rights of the Customer in the event of defeats are governed by Clause 6. +货物存在缺陷时客户享有的权利,按第6条约定执行。 + +## 6 Warranty 质保 + +61 GEOBRUGG CHENGDU will give a warranty for defects in the Supply, provided that the defects (i) occur at acceptance or before the expiry of the warranty period AND (ii) are notified by the Customer timely. A Supply is deemed to be defective in terms of this Clause if it does not meet the contractually defined specification and is not apt, or is only partly apt, for the normal use. + +成都布鲁克应对货物缺陷提供担保,但缺陷应(①于验收之时就已存在或发生在保修期届满之前,且(ii)客户就缺陷及时通知了成都布鲁克,依据本条规定,如果货物不符合合同约定的规格,并且不能正常使用或仅部分使用正常使用,则货物视为存在缺陷。 + +62 GEDEBRUGG CHENGDU shall not be liable for defects which are caused by the Customer or which occur in particular as a consequence of normal wear, incorrect installation, the use of material of the Customer or of third parties, installation or maintenance by third parties, overload, natural disasters, environmental damage or as a consequence of other causes for which GEDBRUGG CHENGDU is not accountable. + +成都布鲁克不对客户造假的产品缺陷负责,特别是由于正常酒馆、错误安装、使用了客户或第三方的材料,第三方的安装或维护、过载、自然灾害、环境破坏以及成都布鲁克不负责任的其他情形。 + +63 Terrorism and criminal attacks, burglary and jailbreak, vandalism, substage, incidents and industrial or infrastructure accidents, overload, natural disasters, environmental damage as well as similar threats and dangers are sporadic and unpredictable in time, location and intensity. Causes and attacking methods may be very different, often unpredictable and may even be a combination of several methods and causes. Due to the multiplicity of factors affecting such events, there is no exact science which could ensure the protection of individuals, property, infrastructure, etc. However, by applying sound engineering principles using predictable parameters and by the corresponding arrangement of correctly designed protection measures in identified risk areas, the Customer can enhance the securing of the protection. Therefore, GEORIBGS CHENGDU shall in particular not be liable for the non-conforming Supply which is a consequence of the above mentioned events and/or circumstances. Amongst other factors, the monitoring, inspection and maintenance of the Supplies by the Customer are an absolute requirement to ensure the protection. This protection may - besides from the events listed above (terrorists, criminal attacks, etc.) - also be impaired by inadequate dimensioning parameters or failure to use the prescribed standard components, systems and original parts and/or corrosion caused by corrosion processes, pollution of the environment or other main-made factors as well as other external influences. Therefore, GEORIBGS CHENGDU shall in particular not be liable for the non-conforming Supply which is a consequence of the above mentioned events and/or circumstances. + +恐怖主义和犯罪行为、盗窃和越狱、故意毁坏、阴谋破坏、工业或基础设施事故、超载、自然灾害、环境破坏以及类似的威胁和危险,在时间、地点和强度方面都是惯发的和不可预测的。原因和攻击方法可能是非常不同的,通常是不可预测的,甚至可能是几种方法和原因的结合。由于影响这些事件因素的多样性,没有确切的科学技术可以确保个人、财产、基础设施等不受损害。 + +然而,通过运用完善的、设置了预测性参数的工程原理,同时在已知的风险区域采取相应的保护措施,客户可加强对食物的保护。因此,成都布鲁克对上述事件和/或情况造成的不合格食物不失任何责任。为确保食物得以妥善保护,客户须采取诸多措施,归客户对食物的监控、检查和维护是他对的要求。除了上述事件(恐怖主义,犯罪行为等)之外,这种保护也可能因尺寸参数不当或未使用规定的标准部件、系统和安装部件构成腐蚀(由 + diff --git a/markdowns/legal_contract_00022.md b/markdowns/legal_contract_00022.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..3d811f89fcab75f29868d84a7d8088859a27275c --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/legal_contract_00022.md @@ -0,0 +1,84 @@ +## Conditions of Installation 安装条款 + +1 General 治则 + +11 These Conditions of Installation ("Conditions") shall apply to the performance of the installation and supervision of installation by GEOBRUGG CHENGDU ("Services") of products ("Supply") delivered by GEOBRUGG CHENGDU in accordance with GEOBRUGG CHENGDU's General Terms and Conditions of Contract ("General Conditions"). The scope of the Services is heavily set forth in the Contract as well as in the working reports prepared by GEOBRUGG CHENGDU's personnel. + +本安装条款(“条款”)适用于或都有鲁克实施的产品安装和安装管理“服务”,但本条款项下的产品应为或都有鲁克根据合同通用条款和条件(“适用条款”提供的产品,服务范围以合同以及或都有鲁克人员编写的工作计划为准。且共约定的范围是全面的,排他的。 + +12 These Conditions are made an integral part of the General Conditions and shall apply to the performance of the Services to the extent not in contradiction with the General Conditions. + +本条款是通用条款的一个组成部分,适用于服务的履行。但其不得与通用条款的规定相冲突。 + +2 Provision of Services 服务条款 + +21 GEDBRUGG CHENGDU shall perform the Services in a professional manner and through qualified personnel. GEDBRUGG CHENGDU shall at any time be entitled to subcontract the performance of the Services or any parts thereof to third parties. + +成都有鲁克应当使用合格的人员以专业的方式履行服务。成都有鲁克有权在任何时候将服务全部或部分分包给第三方。 + +22 If the event the scope of the Services is limited to support of installation, such Services shall be provided exclusively as specified in the system manuals of GEC/BRUGG CHENGDIU. + +如果服务范围仅限于为安装提供技术支持,则该都有售克应按照其系统手册的规定履行该等服务。 + +23 In the event, for any reasons beyond the reasonable control of GEOBRUGG CHENGDU, GEOBRUGG CHENGDU's personnel are significantly prevented from performing the Services or are prevented from performing the Services during a period of a total of 0.5 days, then GEOBRUGG CHENGDU shall be entitled to arrange the return of the personnel. + +如果出现超出或都有暂充合理控制范围内的任何原因,GEO899UG6的安装人员履行服务遇到严重密码或问题超过半天时间,或都有暂充有权检回服务人员。 + +3 Working Time 工作时间 + +31 Except as otherwise provided for in mandatory regulations applicable at the installation site, the working time shall be as set forth in the Contract and in the working reports prepared by GEOBRUGG CHENGDU's personnel. + +除非安装地点所使用的强制性规定另有规定,或都有暂克的工作时间以合同和成都有鲁克人员编制的工作计划为准。 + +32 The normal weekly working time shall consist of five working days. The normal daily working time shall be between 8 a.m. and 5 p.m. Changes in the normal daily working time, in particular due to the season, shall remain expressly reserved. + +正常的每周工作时间应为五个工作日。正常的每日工作时间为上午8时至下午5时,布鲁克有权视情况,特别是因季节原因,对每日工作时间进行调整。 + +33cWorking hours performed in excess of the normal weekly or the normal daily working time shall be considered as overtime. The performance of overtime work shall require a prior mutual agreement in writing. Overtime work shall not exceed the normal daily working time by more than 3 hours, or shall overtime work exceed the normal weekly working time by more than 12 hours. + +工作时间超出每周或每日的工作时间,应视为加班。加班工作须由双方事先达成书面协议,加班不得超过每天3小时,或每周累计不超过12小时。 + +35 Work performed on Sundays or on weekdays being rest days at the installation site is considered as rest-day work. The work performed on legal holidays applicable at the installation site shall be considered as holiday work. + +因日工作或在安装地点被视为休息日的非因日工作均被视为休息日工作。在安装地点适用的法定假日工作。应视为假期工作。 + +36 Travelling time, as well as an appropriate order-related time for preparation of the performance of the Services and processing time after the trip, shall be considered as working time. + +差临增回、与订单相关的合理准备时间以及差临结束后处理时间,应视为工作时间。 + +37 In the event, for any reasons beyond the reasonable control of GEDBRUGG CHENGDU, GEDBRUGG CHENGDU's personnel are prevented from performing the Services or for any reason detained after completion of the Services, GEDBRUGG CHENGDU shall, without prejudice to Gause 23 hereof, be entitled to invoice the waiting times working time and to invoice the traveling costs. All other associated costs shall be borne by the Customer. The same shall apply to other downtimes beyond the reasonable control of GEDBRUGG CHENGDU. + +因成都布鲁克合理控制之外俏原因,成都布鲁克工作人员在履行服务时遭到阻止。或在完工后因任何原因被辞退,其有权获得等待时间计算作为工作时间计取费用,并与差旅费用一并向客户开具费用发票,所有其他相关费用由客户承担,按规定解释适用于该部有暂充合理控制之外的其他停工时间,本条规定不影响成都布鲁克按照第2.3条所享有倍相关权利。 + +4 Prices 价格 + +41 The Services shall be invoiced according to time and material calculated on the basis of GEDBRUGG CHENGDU's daily rates or hourly rates applicable at the time the Services are performed. The preparation of technical documents and any other accompanying services shall be invoiced according to time and material as well. + +成都毛鲁克根据服务履行时间和材料计取费用,费用计取标准按照其当时执行的日费率和小时费率执行。技术文件的编制和任何其他配套服务同样根据服务履行时间和材料计费。 + +42 Taxes (e.g., withholding taxes, value-added taxes), customs duties, levies, fees, social security charges and the like to be paid by GEOBRUGG CHENGDU or its personnel in connection with the Contract or the performance thereof, as well as the administrative costs associated therewith shall be borne by the Customer. + +与合同或其履行有关,应由该部有暂充或其工作人员支付的税费(例如代扣代缴税,增值税),关税,费用,社会保险费等,以及与之相关的各种行政费用均由客户承担。 + +43 In addition, in particular personnel costs (time/sheets/travelling costs/transportation, costs for visa, import and export permits etc.), accommodation expenses, costs for tools and equipment and additional services shall be involved according to time and material as well. + +此外,特别是人工费用(工时单),差旅费用(交通费用,签证费用,进出口许可证等),住宿费用,工具和设备成本以及附加服务费用等,也应按服务履行时间和材料计取费用。 + +5 Obligations of the Customer 客户义务 + +51 The Customer shall ensure that the permits required in connection with the performance of the Seniors (e.g., entry and exit permits and working permits for GEOBRUGGCHENGDU's personnel), as well as the permits for import and export in particular of tools, will be granted in timely manner and will remain valid during the performance of the Contract. + +客户应确保及时取得与履行服务相关的许可证(例如成都印鲁克人员的出入境许可证和工作许可证)以及进出口许可证。特别是工具的进出口许可证,并确保这些许可证在合同履行期间持续有效。 + +52 The Customer shall properly perform the preparatory work required for the performance of the Services and shall in particular ensure that the transport routes and the free access to the installation site will be in a condition allowing the Services to be performed, and will be maintained in this status during the performance of the Contract. + +客户应妥善做好履行服务所需的准备工作,尤其须确保履行服务所需的运输道路通畅,相关人员和设备设施能自由进入安装地点,并确保该等条件在合同履约期间持续保持。 + +S3 The Customer shall be responsible for the security of the installation site and the safety of GEOBRUGG CHENGDU's personnel during the performance of the Contract. + +在履行合同期间,客户应对安装地点的安全性和成都布鲁克人员的安全负责。 + +54 The Customer shall store material and spare parts efficiently and in such a manner that material and spare parts are protected from harmful influences and acts by third parties. + +客户应妥善地存储材料和备件,保护材料和备件免受有害因素及第三方行为的损害。 + diff --git a/markdowns/legal_contract_00023.md b/markdowns/legal_contract_00023.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..9ede65cdf1f37be3fd0f1e9c39793bf8650a1d2a --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/legal_contract_00023.md @@ -0,0 +1,26 @@ + +c)根据机票的取消条件,取消机票的最高价格为xx 元人民币+机票费用 + +2)订约机构最迟应在收到正确开具的发票之日起14天内付款。付款方式为银行转账至供应商指定账户: + +【银行账户细节】 + +## §3 + +1. The Contractor shall, when preparing ticket offer, apply in a fair and commercial manner the best possible prices and most convenient flight connections available on the relevant route in question. + +2. The Contracting authority has the right to compare the prices of tickets offered by the Contractor with the prices offered by other offices. If there is a difference in the price of the ordered ticket, the Contracting authority will notify the Contractor of the above and instruct the Contractor to complete the order at a more favorable price. + +3. In the event of unreasonable refusal to execute a Contract at a more favorable price, the Contracting authority shall charge the Contractor the difference between the price offered by the Contractor and the more advantageous price, as determined by the Contracting authority. This situation will only occur if the Contracting authority, for reasons attributable to the Contractor, does not benefit from the more favorable financially conditions offered by the other travel agent and is obliged to purchase the ticket at a higher price. + +1. 供应商在准备机票报价时,应以公平及商业的方式,在有关路线上申请最佳价格及最便捷的航班连接。 + +2. 订约机构有权将供应商提供的机票价格与其他代理提供的价格进行比较。如果订购机票的价格有差异,订约机构将通知供应商上述情况,并指示承包商以更优惠的价格完成订单。 + +3. 如果无理拒绝以更优惠的价格履行合同,订约机构应向承包商收取供应商提供的价格与更优惠价格之间的差额。只有在订约机构由于供应商的原因,无法从其他旅行社提供的更有利的财政条件中受益,并且不得不以更高的价格购买机票时,才会出现这种情况。 + +## § 4 + +1. The subject of the Agreement shall be executed from the date of signing the agreement until 31 December 2021 until the amount of the gross remuneration referred to in § 1 point 3 is exhausted, depending on what will occur earlier. + +2. The subject of the Agreement will be executed successively according to the orders of the Contracting authority. diff --git a/markdowns/legal_contract_00024.md b/markdowns/legal_contract_00024.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..2f095e477de87a7c8cd4483200b82d80e3c09fef --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/legal_contract_00024.md @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ + +Contracting Authority + +订约机构 + +Contractor + +供应商 + +## APPENDIXES: + +Appendix 1: Offer submitted by the Contractor + +Appendix 2: Detailed description of the subject matter + +## 附件 + +附录1:供应商提交的投标方案 + +附录2:标的的详细说明 diff --git a/markdowns/legal_contract_00025.md b/markdowns/legal_contract_00025.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..3300a47d6fa7bb87a874b2f432f2d2c46ab8873d --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/legal_contract_00025.md @@ -0,0 +1,42 @@ +## 通用供货条款 + +上海乔治费歇尔管路系统有限公司 + +上海乔治费歇尔管路系统贸易有限公司 + +北京乔治费歇尔管路系统有限公司 + +乔治费歇尔管路系统(扬州)有限公司 + +## 1 概况 + +1.1 本条款适用于乔治费歇尔向客户提供的所有产品。除特殊说明,本条款也适用于将来的一切业务。 + +1.2 除非书面同意,乔治费歇尔不接受本条款外的任何修改或附加条款,尤其是采购商的采购条款或其它口头协议。 + +1.3 书面同意文件可以任何方式递交,但必须以文字形式,如传真、电子邮件等。 + +## 2 标书 + +包含明确有效期的标书才有约束力。 + +## 3 供货范围 + +3.1 乔治费歇尔保留更新产品范围的权力。 + +3.2 销售确认单应规定合同的供货范围和履行条款。 + +## 4 数据和文件资料 + +4.1 图纸、说明、图样和尺寸、性能、重量以及应用标准等技术资料只作为信息使用,不具有担保性,公司有权更改。 + +4.2 所有技术资料均属乔治费歇尔独家所有,仅用于双方约定的用途。未经乔治费歇尔允许,任何单位或个人不得私自使用。 + +## 5 保密条款 + +5.1 双方必须对在合作过程中获知的有关另一方的商务和技术信息严格保密。不得向任何第三方泄露有关信息,亦不得用作其它未商定的用途。 + +5.2 与采购方建立契约的过程中,可能已经涉及了采购方的某些个人信息。采购方同意向第三方,如国外分包商或供应商等,公开自己的上述信息。 + + + diff --git a/markdowns/legal_contract_00026.md b/markdowns/legal_contract_00026.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..60e328d354312be68dfcd00290da0a037652c4e5 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/legal_contract_00026.md @@ -0,0 +1,33 @@ +## 6 当地法律和法规 + +6.1 采购方应告知乔治费歇尔对履行合同有影响的交货地的所有法律和法规,采购方应遵守相关安全条例和审批程序。 + +6.2 若货物将转口到其它地方,采购方必须遵守相关的出口管理条例。 + +## 7 价格 + +7.1 除特殊说明,默认价格为包括标准包装的不含税出厂价(参照国际商会最新版的国际贸易术语解释通则)。运输、保险、进出口或过境许可证等额外费用由采购方承担。采购方也必须承担与合同相关的所有税项、关税和其它费用。 + +7.2 若包装费、运费、保险以及其它费用包括在竞标价或合同价内,或这些费用在标书或销售确认单内有明确说明,乔治费歇尔有权根据税率的变化调整价格。 + +## 8 付款 + +8.1 采购方必须按双方约定的方式付款,不可擅自扣除任何费用,如折扣、税费、关税或其它费用等。 + +8.2 若乔治费歇尔有应付款,经乔治费歇尔正式确认或授权批准后,采购方方可扣留或抵消部分款项。 + +当主要货物已交付且可正常安装施工,采购方必须按约定付款,即使有部分次要配件未交付。 + +## 9 所有权保留 + +9.1 采购方付清乔治费歇尔近期货款并解决有关未决事宜前,货物所有权归乔治费歇尔所有。 + +9.2 若采购方出售所有权仍属乔治费歇尔的产品,则根据商业规则默认为采购方同意将销售产品所得利润以及间接权益、有价证券、所有权等归于乔治费歇尔,直至采购方付清所欠乔治费歇尔的所有远期货款并解决有关未决事宜。乔治费歇尔放弃转让前,采购方无权收回上述可得利润。 + +9.3 若采购方出售所有权仍属乔治费歇尔的产品所获得的收益超出乔治费歇尔向采购方收取款项的 120%,乔治费歇尔应根据对方要求把超出部分的利润退还采购方。 + +## 10 交货 + +10.1 合同签订后,若所有进口许可和付款凭证等手续已完成,主要技术问题已解决,即告具备发货条件。合同终止前,若已备货待发,仍被视为遵守合同。 + + diff --git a/markdowns/legal_contract_00027.md b/markdowns/legal_contract_00027.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..a86a1eeaa9af8268020a3a403654868fab0e4c44 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/legal_contract_00027.md @@ -0,0 +1,27 @@ +撤销。除了要求修复或更换不合格产品外,在任何情况下客户无权对其它损失要求赔偿。其它损失包括但不仅限于:生产损失、使用损失、丢失订单、利润损失、以及其它与之相关的直接或间接损失。对损害赔偿的排除不适用于乔治费歇尔的非法动机和重大过失以及在有效的产品质量责任法中提及的严格赔偿责任的情形,但适用于乔治费歇尔雇员在履行合同中出现的非法动机及重大过失。 + +## 17 可分割性 + +若发现通用供货条款中有任何条款为完全或部分不可实施的或无效的,不影响其它条款的适用性。同时不可实施的或无效的条款将被最为接近其条款原意的有效条款所替换。 + +## 18 履约地及管辖权所在地 + +18.1 履约地为乔治费歇尔工厂或仓库即发货地。 + +18.2 由于违反合同而产生的任何民事诉讼行为,应在乔治费歇尔中国所在地的法院机构进行诉讼和处理。乔治费歇尔保留选择在其它法院机构进行诉讼和处理的权利。 + +18.3 本通用供货条款适用于中国法律。若与法律规定相抵触,则本通用条款将按法律规定重新解释。 + +乔治费歇尔 + +签字: + +日期: + +采购方: + +签字: + +日期: + + diff --git a/markdowns/legal_contract_00028.md b/markdowns/legal_contract_00028.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..e6b982bfd8d1c4a95204ddf8941a472baac37331 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/legal_contract_00028.md @@ -0,0 +1,24 @@ +用。如客户要求,须立即将该类资料及生产资料归还给客户,并保证作废全部副本,则除电子磁盘上的全部存储相关数据备份及图纸,对此提供书面确认。 + +客户仅为直接负责履行相关合同的员工提供机密信息,其前提条件在于有关机密信息的知晓对相关员工履行合同是绝对必要的,并且他们提前已签署书面保密声明才可以获得相关信息。供货商有义务保证第三方及未经授权的员工无法获取可能含有客户机密信息的所有文件和资 + +供货商仅在客户明确书面许可的前提下,在广告材料或出版物等类似媒体暗示或表明与客户的业务关系。 + +当客户有理由怀疑有违反当前保密义务的行为时,供货商有举证责任,证明所涉机密信息已在合同签订时便具有社会公开性,或与其作为无关,或与其义务无关。 + +针对供货商透露机密信息给任何第三方或透漏机密信息给供货商的第三方,供货商有责任维护客户权益,并对任何侵犯本协定保密性的行为负责。 + +供货商承认违反供货商保密义务的行为可造成即刻或不可挽回的损失,且该损失在法律所规定的赔偿并无可能不足以抵消。如供货商或/从供货商获取相关信息的某一人侵犯本协议,则供货商每次及每日须向客户支付赔偿金50000欧元,并独立于其它申诉或法律补救措施。排除将不同违反事件视为同一个案子。在法律允许的范围内,合同处罚不受任何司法审查或适当性评估,并且不取决于已发生的损害。 + +tools, templates, technical devices etc. which Customer has made available to Supplier shall be marked as the property of Customer and are subject to the confidentiality provisions and limitations on use set forth in Section 15. These materials and production materials shall be immediately surrendered to Customer upon demand, any copies shall be destroyed, any backup copies or recordings on electronic storage media shall be deleted and written notification to that effect shall be sent immediately. + +Supplier shall give access to Confidential Information only to employees who are directly entrusted with the execution of the order and whose knowledge of the Confidential Information is essential for the execution of the contract and who are bound by a prior written non-disclosure agreement. Supplier shall ensure that all documents and materials which might contain Confidential Information of Customer are safeguarded and protected against access by third parties and unauthorized employees. + +Supplier requires explicit written permission if it wishes to indicate or draw attention to the business relationship with Customer in advertising materials or publications of any kind. + +If there are grounds for suspecting infringement of these confidentiality provisions, Supplier shall bear the burden of proof for demonstrating that the Confidential Information was already known to the general public on the contract date or was disclosed without its involvement or responsibility. + +Vis-a-vis Customer Supplier is jointly and severally liable along with any third party to whom Confidential Information was disclosed by Supplier, or by whom Confidential Information was disclosed to Supplier, for any infringement of the confidentiality provisions herein. + +Supplier hereby acknowledges that infringement of Supplier’s confidentiality obligations could cause immediate or irreparable damage, for which statutory damages might be inadequate. For each case of infringement of this contract by Supplier and/or a person to whom Supplier has disclosed the information in question, Supplier shall pay Customer liquidated damages of EUR 50,000, regardless of further claims or legal remedies of Customer. The defense that a series of infringements should be treated as one continuous infringement is barred. Insofar as legally permissible, the contractually agreed liquidated + diff --git a/markdowns/legal_contract_00029.md b/markdowns/legal_contract_00029.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..7abce32b5767a9d758cab16e253a3abbff67cd17 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/legal_contract_00029.md @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +## 间接采购的一般性条款与条件(中国) + +“买方” 指向供应商发出采购订单(“订单”)的捷普公司(Jabil Inc.,一家于美国特拉华州设立的公司)或其关联方。“供应商” 指接受买方发出的订单并向买方供应产品的实体。“产品” 指买方根据一般性条款和条件向供应商购买的产品。“一般性条款和条件”(以下简称 “本条款”)以及买方发出的一般性条款和条件补充书面条款和条件(“补充条款”)将构成买方与供应商之间交易的完整与唯一的约束性协议。当买方就同一产品接受额外订单时,任何买方发出的被称为 “一般性条款和条件” 的补充书面形式将成为买方与供应商之间该次交易的完整的但不限于上述方面的条款和条件,无论该等 “一般性条款和条件” 采用补充条款形式还是另发订单,其任何条款和条件,包括但不限于供应商应遵守的供货责任在下文详述的,该条款效力的优先性从高到低为:(1)一般性条款和条件补充条款的订单条款,例如提货价格及各类同类型条款,其包括在买方的提货单、建议、订单确认书、发票或其它文件中,对双方并无法律效力;(2)买方和供应商间的书面协议(包括但不限于买方发出的中标函及附件);(3)补充条款;(4)一般性条款、供应商做出以下任何一方面的接受货物:(a)开始任何工作或支付任何交付物;(b)以书面形式接订单;(c)任何承认关于受本协议约束存在的其它行为。 + +1. 部分定义.(i)“关联方” 指,对一家实体而言,任何直接或间接控制该实体或被该实体控制或与该实体受共同控制的其它实体,本定义中,“控制” 指直接或间接持有或控制一个实体 50% 以上的投票权或权益。(ii)“授权协议” 指一方根据本协议向授权方提供其品牌和服务的使用许可。(iii)“买方实施 50% 以上组装测试的以下配件” 在 “授权协议” 中 “授权方” 包括以下方或向买方提供其产品用于买方组装以下材料的供应商:软件、硬件、核心板(包括上述硬件的任何内部、技术信息、发明、发现、商业秘密或流程,以及与任何设计、产品、方法、概念、开发或研究相关的任何材料)。(iv)“开发” 指买方在开发过程中为制造、开发或改进(仅买方)的产品,包括设计、开发、制造、包装、标签、营销、推广、销售或其它方式分销。(v)“交付” 指交付至指定地点的日期,(vi)“入境式元件” 指一切货物,其中包括作为材料的组成部分入境并与买方支付一揽子支付的元件。(vii)“法律” 指相关管辖区的任何及一切法律,其中包括法典、指令、通知、政策或法律性规则、法律要求、命令、判决、政府限令、行业要求及标准;(viii)“规格” 指为交付物列明生产、部件、测试、运输,或其它技术要求的书面说明。 + +2. 价格及支付款。除双方另行书面约定外,一切价格均:(1)由买方所在国的法定货币表达;(2)在供货协议有效期内不得变动;(3)在卖方指定地点交货后支付(所有用于国际、提供方的利润以及 2010 年《INCOTERMS 2010》);且(4)包含支付的成本。11. 因履行供货协议而发生的所有费用和(国际供货方的利润以及 2010 年《INCOTERMS 2010》)均由(供方发票对买方支付在买方收到并接受和符合适用法律买方发票的支付自开具发票起九十(90)日内完成。收到和接受发票后支付将在九十天。在收到和接受相应点的发票后,买方没有义务支付未被看见、未交付且不符合的货物和材料。一旦已被通知的延迟并确实地买方不支付;对于卖方不承担任何的税,对于买方进行支付和交付,供货商应将此类款项偿还到买方并承担。地方在发票中向卖方,卖方承担任何税:对于买方进行支付和交付,供货商应将此类款项偿还到买方并承担。地方在发票中向卖方,卖方承担任何税:对于买方进行支付和交付,供货方的不供应,买方有权要求迅速的供货或第三方共同或其他赔偿或同样等级支付的价格或更低廉的条款和迅速用于供货的。当不可抗拒的条款或意见,供方保证满足其销售其他客户同样或同等类型的价格和更低廉的条款和迅速用于供货的。对于供于提供买方支付购买的全部的应付账款。对于供于在任何时候应支付买方或其关联的任何金额的款项,买方此后可在该款项剩余有效数额内支付下任何时间的付款。 + +3. 预测:买方可以向供应方提供其未来所需交付物的预测。供应方特此确认:此类预测均无法律约束力,并且买方不对此类预测的准确性或完整性做任何明示或暗示的陈述、保证或承诺。 + +4. 撤销与终止。(a) 如果供方,并且不是供方任何行为或疏忽下方所造成,买方可以在任何时间撤销任何订单或部分任何相应终止供货的全部金额并且买方不承担任何责任;(b) 依照此协议,买方可以任意时间对下的任何订单进行履行的义务,并且(在买方通知后 17)日内不承担违约责任。(c) 买方认为供方无方或未能在供方只顾及交付对,却又实际并拒绝在交付任何任何逾期和未定的交付,(d) 买方以书面方式对供方存在 (5) 买方针对供分生产,供应方或关联方破产,或成为破产中请主体,或是债权人的利益而由供方及所有财产,或是对供应方全部或部分资产接管;(e) 供方任何方式无法为该方到销售的主体,(f) 供方或其的行为和 / 或导致买方对供方的竞争者提供了供应方 (b) 买方可以自行决定以其希望的方式撤销任何订单或终止供货协议,此类撤销终止均应在撤销将没有因自身的责任已经支付于供方的任何的供方的交付物,如果买方能 (10) 且基于买方书面通知,买方的终止任何时不会影响已经交付买方的 110% 提供的支付,如果卖方所拥有责任已在更早支付前面材用买方无无负债,只要供应方在提供服务时遵守成方协议,供应方终止买方的在本有将在买方所期限前已完成工作应支付予 “负债”,的供应方有权获得的付款,(g) 买方可以提前以书面方式向供方发出通知暂停的全部或部分交付承担支付义务,在任何情况下,买方所支付的撤销终止费用均不得超过相应的被撤销订单被停止供货协议的未付金额。 + +5. 支付。供供应方承担的交付、履行本协议项下其它义务而言,准时是至关重要的。买方无义务接受未按照约定交付日进行的交付。供供应方因逾期或延迟交付而使买方造成的成本和费用负责,包括应买方通知(由买方自行决定)而进行的加急运输所产生的附加成本。每延迟一日应支付逾期的总交付的货价金额的 1.2%。供供应方将任何的延迟应足以书面形式通知买方,除双方另行书面约定外,交付物的所有权在买方特定地点完成交货 (DDP)(《国际贸易术语解释通则 2010》INCOTERMS 2010)一方的交付的。交付物的所有在交付特定地点后转移至买方。 + +6. 标识、包装和运输:供应商交付物的内容和警告标识应遵守一切法律及买方的要求。供应商应向买方和承运人就交付物所包含有的危险或受限原材料提供充分的书面警告(包括适当的标识、处置、处理和收回指示、材料安全数据表和分析证书等)。运输应方便操作的方式处理和包装并提供防止损失或损毁的保护措施且应遵循买方的规格、政府规定、行业标准和承运人要求。供应商应对因未能适当处理运输或包装而导致的损失或损毁负责。除买方另行提前书面同意外,不得收取任何费用。包装、装箱、可回收容器、进口税、运输、记录或媒体介质的费用。一切容器、包装清单、提单及发票均必须列明订单号。供应商应遵照一切交付物应装入买方/相关方的适用法规并应由买方或买方的代理人提供或上述注明的所必须的项目(包括海关要求)。供应方同意赔偿买方因供应方未提供不准确的信息或未提供信息而遭受的罚款和/或惩罚。 + + diff --git a/markdowns/legal_contract_00030.md b/markdowns/legal_contract_00030.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..606e1767b35e49784d57cff69f13fe5da18cfe6e --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/legal_contract_00030.md @@ -0,0 +1,42 @@ +合同。 + +第十九条 保险标的转让的,被保险人或者受让人应当及时通知保险人。 + +因保险标的的转让导致危险程度显著增加的,保险人自收到前款规定的通知之日起三十日内,可以增加保险费或者解除合同。 + +被保险人、受让人未履行本条规定的通知义务的,因转让导致保险标的危险程度显著增加而发生的保险事故,保险人不承担赔偿保险金的责任。 + +第二十条 在合同有效期内,保险标的的危险程度显著增加的,被保险人应当及时通知保险人,保险人可以增加保险费或者解除合同。 + +被保险人未履行前款约定的通知义务的,因保险标的的危险程度显著增加而发生的保险事故,保险人不承担赔偿保险金的责任。 + +第二十一条 知道保险事故发生后,被保险人应该: + +(一)尽力采取必要、合理的措施,防止或减少损失,否则,对因此扩大的损失,保险人不承担赔偿责任; + +(二)及时通知保险人,并书面说明事故发生的原因、经过和损失情况;故意或者因重大过失未及时通知,致使保险事故的性质、原因、损失程度等难以确定的,保险人对无法确定的部分,不承担赔偿保险金的责任,但保险人通过其他途径已经及时知道或者应当及时知道保险事故发生除外; + +(三)保护事故现场,允许并且协助保险人进行事故调查;如果发生保险财产遭受盗窃或抢劫的,应立即向公安部门报案;对于拒绝或者妨碍保险人进行事故调查导致无法确定事故原因或核实损失情况的,保险人对无法确定或核实的部分不承担赔偿责任。 + +第二十二条 被保险人请求赔偿时,保险人向被保险人发送“理赔所需资料清单”,被保险人应按清单中列明的证明和资料,以及投保人、被保险人所能提供的与确认保险事故的性质、原因、损失程度等有关的其他证明和资料提供给保险人。 + +保险人认为被保险人提供的有关索赔的证明和资料不完整的,应当及时一次性通知投保人,被保险人补充提供。 + +被保险人未履行前款约定的索赔材料提供义务,导致保险人无法核实损失情况的,保险人对无法核实的部分不承担赔偿责任。 + +## 赔偿处理 + +第二十三条 保险事故发生时,被保险人对保险标的不具有保险利益的,不得向保险人请求赔偿保险金。 + +第二十四条 保险标的遭受保险责任范围内的损失时,无论全部损失和部分损失,在分项目保险金额内(包括被保险人为防止或减少保险标的的损失所支付的必要的、合理的施救费用),按实际损失赔付。 + +第二十五条 保险标的发生保险责任范围内的损失时,保险人按照其实际损失扣除保险单载明的免赔额后,在保险金额范围内计算赔偿。 + +第二十六条 重复保险的投保人应当将重复保险的有关情况通知各保险人。 + +重复保险的各保险人赔偿保险金的总和不得超过保险价值。除合同另有约定外,各保险人按照其保险金额与保险金额总和的比例承担赔偿保险金的责任。 + +其他保险人应承担的赔偿金额,本保险人不负责垫付。若被保险人未如实告知导致保险人多支付赔偿金的,保险人有权向被保险人追回多支付的部分。 + +第二十七条 保险标的发生部分损失,保险人履行赔偿义务后,本保险合同的保险金额自损失发生之日起按保险人的赔偿金额相应减少,保险人不退还保险金额减少部分的保险费。如投保人请求恢复至原保险金额,应按原约定的保险费率另行支付恢复部分从投保人请求的恢复日期起至保险期间届满之日止按日比例计算的保险费。 + diff --git a/markdowns/legal_contract_00031.md b/markdowns/legal_contract_00031.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..b9781f130dbf930801b63f31e94bb3b13526df42 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/legal_contract_00031.md @@ -0,0 +1,50 @@ +日本财产保险(中国)有限公司 + +地下渗水、水管爆裂不属于洪水责任。 + +重大过失行为:指行为人不但没有遵守法律规范对其较高要求,甚至连人们都应当注意并能注意的一般标准也未达到的行为。 + +行政行为或司法行为:指各级政府部门、执法机关或依法履行公共管理、社会管理职能的机构下令破坏、征用、罚没保险标的的行为。 + +地震:地壳发生的震动。 + +海啸:指由海底地震,火山爆发或水下滑坡、塌陷所激发的海洋巨波 + +重复保险:指投保人对同一保险标的、同一保险利益、同一保险事故分别与两个以上保险人订立保险合同,且保险金额总和超过保险价值的保险。 + +## 附录 + +## 短期费率表 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
保险期间
个月



个月

个月






八个月九个月十个月十一个


年费率的百分比1020304050607080859095100
+ +注:不足一个月的部分按一个月计收。 + diff --git a/markdowns/legal_contract_00032.md b/markdowns/legal_contract_00032.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..92b75dc3115c992a7c37d5d99527fcaf777e4862 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/legal_contract_00032.md @@ -0,0 +1,6 @@ +## 商业综合责任保险合同条款 + +(事故发生制) + + + diff --git a/markdowns/legal_contract_00033.md b/markdowns/legal_contract_00033.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..dd56943734a005cc56f5202696af535473d42228 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/legal_contract_00033.md @@ -0,0 +1,76 @@ +被保险人因重大过失未履行如实告知义务,对保险事故的发生有严重影响的,本公司对于合同解除前发生的保险事故,不承担赔偿或者给付保险金的责任,但应当退还保险费。 + +本公司在合同订立时已经知道被保险人未如实告知的情况的,本公司不得解除合同;发生保险事故的,本公司应当承担赔偿或者给付保险金的责任。 + +12. 理赔 + +保险事故发生后,被保险人索赔时应当向本公司提供其所能提供的与确认保险事故的性质、原因、损失程度等有关的证明和资料,包括但不限于索赔申请书、与第三方索赔要求相符的原始单据证明以及有关法律文书等。被保险人未履行前款约定的索赔材料提供义务,导致本公司无法核实损失情况的,本公司对无法核实部分不承担赔偿责任。 + +本公司收到被保险人的赔偿请求及完整的索赔资料后,应当及时作出核定,情形复杂的,应当在30日内作出核定。 + +本公司应当将核定结果通知被保险人;对属于保险责任的,在与被保险人达成赔偿协议后10日内,履行赔偿义务。本公司依照前款的规定作出核定后,对不属于保险责任的,应当自作出核定之日起3日内向被保险人发出拒绝赔偿通知书,并说明理由。 + +13. 先行赔付义务 + +本公司自收到赔偿或者给付保险金的请求和有关证明、资料之日起60日内,对其赔偿或者给付保险金的数额不能确定的,应当根据已有证明和资料可以确定的数额先予支付;本公司最终确定赔偿或者给付保险金的数额后,应当支付相应的差额。 + +14. 诉讼时效 + +被保险人向本公司请求赔偿或者给付保险金的诉讼时效期间为二年,自其知道或者应当知道保险事故发生之日起计算。 + +15. 危险增加 + +若在本保险合同有效期内,保险标的的危险程度显著增加的,被保险人应当及时通知本公司,本公司有权增加保险费或者即时解除保险合同。本公司解除保险合同的,将按日比例退还已收取的自解除之日起的未满期保险费。被保险人未履行上述通知义务的,因危险程度显著增加而发生的保险事故,本公司不承担赔偿责任。 + +16. 解除 + +a. 声明中所载的第一记名被保险人可通过向本公司邮寄或递送事先书面解除通知的方式解除本保单。 + +b. 本公司可通过向第一记名被保险人邮寄或递送书面解除通知的方式解除本保单,邮寄或递送的时间为: + +(1) 如果本公司因被保险人未支付保费而解除保单,则为解除生效日期前至少20天;或 + +(2) 如果本公司由于任何其它原因而解除保单,则为解除生效日期前至少90天。 + +c. 本公司将把通知邮寄或递送至本公司最后知晓的第一记名被保险人的邮寄地址。 + +d. 解除通知将说明解除的生效日期。本保单的期限将于当日终止。 + +e. 如果本保单被解除,则本公司将向第一个指名的被保险人退还任何应返还的保费。除本章第11条另有约定外,不论是哪方解除本保单,本公司都将按日比例退还已收取的自解除之日起的未满期保险费。即使本公司没有支付或给予未满期保险费,解除也将有效。 + +f. 如果该通知以邮寄方式送交,则邮寄凭证应视为通知行为发生的充分证明。 + +## 第五章 【定义】 + +1. “广告”指为吸引顾客或支持者向公众或特定的市场分类播放或发布关于记名被保险人的商品、产品或服务的文稿。在本定义条款中: + +a. 发布的文稿包括在互联网上或类似电子通讯载体上放置的资料;且 + +b. 就互联网网站而言,只有在互联网网站中为吸引顾客或支持者而放置的关于记名被保险人的商品、产品或服务的内容方可被视为广告。 + +2. “汽车”指: + +a. 用于在公共道路上行驶的陆上机动运输工具,拖车或半拖车,包括任何附属的装置或设备;或 + +b. 需遵守其执照发放地或主要停放地所在的州(省)的强制性或有关财务责任的法律或其它机动车辆保险法律的任何其他陆上运输工具。 + +但“汽车”不包括“机动设备”。 + +3. “身体伤害”指任何人所遭受的身体的伤害、疾病或病症,包括在任何时候由其中任一原因引起的死亡。 + +4. “承保地域”指: + +a. 美国境内(包括其领土和属地)、波多黎各及加拿大; + +b. 国际水域或空域(但仅当伤害或损害发生在往来于上述a段规定的区域之间的旅行或者运输途中); + +c. 在下列情形下扩展到的世界各地, + +{1} 引起伤害或损害的商品或产品是在上述第a段规定的国家或地区内由记名被保险人制造或销售: + +(2) 在上述 a 段规定的国家或地区的居住人员因记名被保险人的业务短期离开该国家或地区时所进行的活动造成伤害或损害: + +(3) 通过互联网或类似电子通讯载体发生的“个人权利及 + + + diff --git a/markdowns/legal_contract_00034.md b/markdowns/legal_contract_00034.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..3fa24c96782a3423a32e08d89cd9e3521508c37c --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/legal_contract_00034.md @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +## 商业综合责任保险合同条款 + +(事故发生制) + +## 目录 + +页码 + +第一章 【承保范围】....................................................2 +第一条 “身体伤害”及“财产损害”的责任.............................2 +第二条 “个人权利及广告侵害”的责任.................................5 +第三条 医疗费用......................................................6 +第四条 “身体伤害”、“财产损害”及“个人权利及广告侵害”责任的补充支付........6 +第二章 【被保险人资格】..............................................7 +第三章 【保险赔偿限额】..............................................8 +第四章 【商业综合责任总则】..........................................9 +第五章 【定义】.......................................................11 + + + diff --git a/markdowns/legal_contract_00035.md b/markdowns/legal_contract_00035.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..272305a9c8aef7774db2bbe7ed493cee941d8eb3 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/legal_contract_00035.md @@ -0,0 +1,64 @@ +## 商业综合责任保险合同条款 + +(事故发生制) + +本保险合同提供事故发生制保障。请仔细阅读本保险合同的所有条款 + +本保险合同条款对承保范围作出详细规定。请仔细阅读以明确权利、义务以及本保险合同的保障内容。本商业综合责任保险合同条款(事故发生制)、投保书、保险单、批单(如有),及其它约定书均构成本保险合同的组成部分。 + +在本保险合同中,“记名被保险人”指保险单上所示的记名被保险人及在本保险合同项下可视为记名被保险人的其他个人或机构;而“本公司”指苏黎世财产保险(中国)有限公司。“被保险人”指符合本保险合同第二章【被保险人资格】规定的任何个人或机构。 + +其他引号内的用语同样具有特定的含义。请参照本保险条款第五章【定义】。 + +## 第⼀章 【承保范围】 + +## 第一条 “身体伤害”及“财产损害”的责任 + +## 1. 保险责任 + +a. 被保险人因本保险合同承保的“身体伤害”或“财产损害”依法应负赔偿责任时,本公司依本保险合同的规定支付损害赔偿金。本公司有权利和义务就出该损害赔偿的“诉讼”为被保险人进行辩护,但是对非本保险合同承保的“身体伤害”或“财产损害”而提出的“诉讼”,本公司不负辩护义务。本公司可以自行决定,就“事件”进行调查、对任何索赔或其导致的“诉讼”进行和解。但是,本条款以下列条件为限: + +{1} 本公司将依本保险合同第三章【保险赔偿限额】的规定支付赔偿金额;且 + +{2} 当本公司所支付的裁判金额或解金金额已达到本保险合同承保范围第一条、第二条或第三条条款下所规定适用的赔偿限时,本公司进行辩护的权利及义务即行终止。 + +除非在本保险合同【承保范围】第四条条款中明确规定,否则本公司不承担其他任何责任或义务进行赔付、实施行为或提供服务。 + +b. 本保险仅在下列条件下承保“身体伤害”或“财产损害”: + +{1} 身体伤害”或“财产损害”必须由一“事件”引起,且“事件”必须发生在“承保地域”之内; + +(2) 身体伤害”或“财产损害”必须发生在保险期间内;且 + +(3) 保险期开始日前,没有符合第二章【被保险人资格】第一条的被保险人及“记名被保险人”授权其发出或接受“事件”或索赔的“雇员”知道“身体伤害”或“财产损害”已经发生或部分发生。如果此等被保险人或授权 + +“雇员”在保险期开始日前知道发生了“身体伤害”或“财产损害”,则此伤害或损害在保险期间或之后的任何延续,改变或恢复进行应被视为在保险期开始日前即已知。 + +c. 发生在保险期间,并且在保险期开始日前第二章【被保险人资格】第一条中的被保险人或“记名被保险人”授权其发出或接受“事件”或索赔的“雇员”并不知道其发生的“身体伤害”或“财产损害”,包括其在保险期结束之后的任何接续,改变或恢复进行。 + +d. “身体伤害”或“财产损害”的已发生时间,以第二章【被保险人资格】第一条中的被保险人或“记名被保险人”授权其发出或接受“事件”或索赔的“雇员”下列行为最先发生者为准: + +{1} 向本公司或任何其他保险人报告了全部或部分的“身体伤害”或“财产损害”; + +{2} 接受了书面或口头的要求或索赔由“身体伤害”或“财产损害”造成的损害; + +{3} 由任何其他方式意识到“身体伤害”或“财产损害”已经发生或已经开始发生。 + +e. 因“身体伤害”引起的损害赔偿包括任何个人或机构就“身体伤害”引起的护理、服务丧失或死亡在任何时候而提出的损害索赔金额。 + +## 2. 责任免除条款 + +本保险对下列事项不负赔偿责任: + +a. 可预见到的或故意造成的伤害 + +被保险人能预见到的或故意造成的“身体伤害”或“财产损害”。本责任免除条款不适用于被保险人因采取合理措施保护人身或财产时所导致的“身体伤害”。 + +b. 合同责任 + +被保险人因合同或协议的规定有责任进行赔付的"身体伤害"或"财产损害"。本责任免除条款不适用于下列情形的责任赔付: + +{1}即使无该合同或协议的存在,亦应由被保险人负赔偿责任的;或 + +{2} 身体伤害”或“财产伤害”发生在该合同或协议生效之后,而该合同或协议为本保险合同第五章【定义】所列明的“可保合同”。仅为确定“可保合同”项下应承担的责任,第三者(非被保险人)发生的或因第三者而发生的合理的律师费以及必要的诉讼费满足下列条件 + diff --git a/markdowns/legal_contract_00036.md b/markdowns/legal_contract_00036.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..347cf7839f6c5fc51f54f9755986028c19aead78 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/legal_contract_00036.md @@ -0,0 +1,86 @@ +合同规定履行合同义务。 + +但是如果“记名被保险人的产品”或“记名被保险人的工作”投入其预期使用后受到突发偶然的物质损害而导致其他财产不能使用,则本责任免除条款不适用。 + +## n. 产品、工作或已受损毁财产的召回 + +如果因“记名被保险人的产品”、“记名被保险人的工作”或“受损毁财产”存在已知或可瑕的缺陷、不足之处、不当之处或危险状况,导致其从市场上或任何个人或机构的使用中被撤回或召回,记名被保险人或他人因不能使用或撤回、召回、检查、修理、重置、调整、拆卸或处理该产品、工作或财产而就发生的损失、费用或开支提出的报答赔偿。 + +## o. 个人权利及广告侵害 + +因“个人权利及广告侵害”造成的“身体伤害”。 + +## p. 电子数据 + +因电子数据丢失、不能使用、损坏、变异、不能访问以及不能操作所引起的损失。 + +本责任免除条款下的电子数据是指由计算机软件(包括系统软件和应用软件)、硬盘或软盘、光盘驱动器、磁带、驱动器、存储单元、数据处理设备或其它任何具有电子控制设备的媒介所存储、制作、使用、传输的资料、信息或程序。 + +责任免除条款 c 至 n 项不适用于因火灾对记名被保险人所租借的或经业主许可临时占用的场所所造成的损失。根据本保险合同第三章【保险赔偿限额】的规定,该损失适用独立的保险赔偿限额。 + +## 第二条 “个人权利及广告侵害”的责任 + +## 1. 保险责任 + +a. 被保险人因本保险合同承保的“个人权利及广告侵害”依法应负赔偿责任时,本公司依本保险合同的规定支付损害赔偿金。本公司有权利和义务就提出该损害赔偿的“诉讼”为被保险人进行辩护,但是对非本保险合同承保的“个人权利及广告侵害”而提出的“诉讼”,本公司不负辩护义务。本公司可以自行决定,就侵害事件进行调查、对任何索赔或其导致的“诉讼”进行和解。但: + +(1)本公司将依本保险合同第三章【保险赔偿限额】的规定支付赔偿金额;且 + +(2) 当所支付的裁决金额或和解金额已达到本保险合同承保范围第一条、第二条或第三条条款下所规定适用的赔偿限额时,本公司进行辩护的权利及义务即行终止。 + +除非在本保险合同【承保范围】第四条中明确规定,否则本公司不承担其他任何责任或义务进行赔付、实施行为或提供服务。 + +b. 本保险仅在以下情况下承保因记名被保险人的业务而引起的侵害事件所造成的“个人权利及广告侵害”,即该侵害事件在保险期间发生于“承保地域”之内。 + +## 2. 责任免除条款 + +本保险对下列事项不负赔偿责任: + +## a. 故意侵犯他人权利 + +在被保险人明知其行为将侵犯他人权利造成“个人权利及广告侵害”的情况下被保险人仍作出或仍指示他人作出该行为而导致的“个人权利及广告侵害”; + +## b. 故意发布虚假资料 + +在明知资料虚假的情况下,被保险人自行或指示他人以口头或书面形式发布该虚假资料而引起的“个人权利及广告侵害”; + +## c. 在保险期间开始前发布的资料 + +口头或书面形式发布的资料所引起的“个人权利及广告侵害”,而该资料的首次发布发生在在保险期间开始之前; + +## d. 犯罪行为 + +被保险人实施的或在被保险人指示下实施的犯罪行为所引起的“个人权利及广告侵害”; + +## e. 合同责任 + +被保险人根据合同或协议的规定有责任进行赔付的“个人权利及广告侵害”。但是如果被保险人在即使无该合同或协议的情况下仍应对上述侵害负赔偿责任时,则不适用本责任免除条款。 + +## f. 违反合同 + +违反合同而引起的“个人权利及广告侵害”,但不包括在默示合同下在记名被保险人的“广告”中使用他人的广告创意; + +## g. 品质或性能不符合声明 + +商品、产品或服务不符合记名被保险人的“广告”所声明的品质或性能而引起的“个人权利及广告侵害”; + +## h. 对价格的错误描述 + +在记名被保险人的“广告”中对商品、产品或服务的价格的错误描述而引起的“个人权利及广告侵害”; + +## i. 侵犯版权、专利、商标或商业秘密 + +因侵犯他人的版权、专利、商标、商业秘密或其他知识产权权利而引起的“个人权利及广告侵害”。但是,本责任免除条款不适用记名被保险人的“广告”所引起的对版权、商业外观或广告用语的侵权行为。 + +## j. 从事传媒业及互联网业的被保险人 + +从事下列行业的被保险人所实施的"个人权利及广告侵害": + +(1) 广告、无线电广播、出版或电视广播行业; + +(2) 为他人设计或确定互联网内容或互联网网站的行业; + +(3) 互联网搜索、互联网访问、互联网内容或互联网服务的供应商。 + +但是,本责任免除条款不适用本保险合同【定义】第14条“个人权利及广告侵害”中a,b,c项所规定的侵害事 + diff --git a/markdowns/legal_contract_00037.md b/markdowns/legal_contract_00037.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..a0ed872c2a7ebe25aa179f7a1a9e6b7adf4ea302 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/legal_contract_00037.md @@ -0,0 +1,42 @@ +以下译文仅供参考。如果本译文与最后更新的英文版本之间存在差异、不一致或冲突(包括由于翻译延误),则以英文版本为准。 + +## Amazon Macie 服务水平协议 + +最后更新日期:2022年5月5日 + +本 Amazon Macie 服务水平协议(“SLA”)是管理 Amazon + +Macie(“Macie”)使用的政策,并单独适用于每个使用 Amazon Macie 的账户 . 如果本 SLA 的条款与 AWS + +客户协议或您与我们签订的其他适用于您使用我们服务的协议(“协议”)的条款发生冲突,则以本SLA 的条款和条件为准,但仅限于该等冲突的范围。本 SLA中使用但未定义的专门术语应具有协议中规定的含义. + +## 服务承诺 + +AWS 将尽商业上合理的努力,确保在任何月度账单周期内,每个 AWS 区域内 Macie的每月正常运行时间百分比至少达到99.9%(“服务承诺”)。如果Macie未达到服务承诺,您将有资格获得如下所述的服务抵扣额度。 + +## 服务抵扣额度 + +服务抵扣额度按照在给定 AWS +区域的每月正常运行时间百分比处于下表所示范围内的月度账单周期内,您为 Macie +支付的以下费用的百分比来计算: + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
每月正常运行时间百分比服务抵扣额度百
低于99 . 9 %但高于或等于99 . 0 %10%
低于99 . 0 %但等于或高于95 . 0 %25%
低于95.0%100%
+ +任何服务抵扣额度只适用于抵扣您在未来须支付的Macie + +款项.我们可能会自行决定向您的信用卡(即在发生不可用状况的账单周期内,您用来付款的信用卡)发放服务抵扣额度.服务抵扣额度将不会使您有权从AWS + +获得任何退款或其他付款.服务抵扣额度仅在相应月度账单周期的抵扣金额超过一美元($1 USD)时适用并发放,服务抵扣额度不得转让或应用于任何其他账户.除非协议另有规定,否则对于任何 + diff --git a/markdowns/legal_contract_00038.md b/markdowns/legal_contract_00038.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..79990b0a33dbc8cc4fc87e1592915ac5ee87dd1d --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/legal_contract_00038.md @@ -0,0 +1,41 @@ +## 京东安联财产保险有限公司 +运动意外伤害保险条款(互联网版) + +## 一、总则 + +本保险合同由保险条款、投保单、保险单、保险凭证以及批单等组成。凡涉及本保险合同的约定,均应采用书面形式。本保险合同仅用于互联网渠道销售。 + +身体健康的自然人,可作为本保险合同的被保险人,是否接受投保、承保,由保险人(见释义 1)决定。本保险合同的被保险人可以为一人或数人,以变更单上所载明为准,并将按以下约定减少本保险合同项下的被保险人:1. 若被保险人因客观原因发生重大变更而不能接受被保险人继续成为本保险合同的被保险人或被保险人申请减少某一被保险人,则自其获取该笔保险费之时起,本保险合同项下的被保险人不再包含该被保险人,其应收保费将于当日(见释义 2)。2. 除本保险合同另有约定外,自某一被保险人达到本保险合同所约定的最高承保年龄后的首个保险单满期日的二十四时起,本保险合同项下的被保险人不再包含该被保险人,其应收保费将于当日(见释义 2)。3. 当保险人就本保险合同项下对被保险人的累计给付金额达到保险单所载被保险人该被保险人的保险金额,自身成本之或低于本保险对该被保险人的累计给付金额达到保险金额之日起,保险人对该被保险人的保险责任终止,本保险合同项下的被保险人不再包含该被保险人。 + +投保人应为具有完全民事行为能力的被保险人本人,对被保险人有保险利益的其他人。 + +本保险合同的受益人包括: + +(一)身故保险金受益人 + +订立本保险合同时,被保险人或投保人可指定一人或数人为身故保险金受益人。身故保险金受益人为数人时,应确定其受益顺序和受益份额;未确定受益份额的,各身故保险金受益人按照相等份额享有受益权。投保人指定受益人时须经被保险人同意。投保人为与其有劳动关系的劳动者投保人身保险,不得指定被保险人及其近亲属以外的人为受益人。 + +被保险人死亡后,有下列情形之一的,保险金作为被保险人的遗产,由保险人依照有关法律的规定履行给付保险金的义务: + +1. 没有指定受益人,或者受益人指定不明无法确定的: + +2.受益人先于被保险人死亡,没有其他受益人的: + +3. 受益人依法丧失受益权或者放弃受益权,没有其他受益人的。 + +受益人与被保险人在同一事件中死亡。且不能确定死亡先后顺序的。推定受益人死亡在先。 + +被保险人或投保人可以变更身故保险金受益人,但需书面通知保险人,由保险人在本保险合同上批注。对因身故保险金受益人变更发生的法律纠纷,保险人不承担任何责任。 + +投保人指定或变更身故保险金受益人的,应经被保险人书面同意。被保险人为无民事行为能力人或限制民事行为能力人的,应由其监护人指定或变更身故保险金受益人。 + +(二)伤残保险金受益人 + +除另有约定外,本保险合同的伤残保险金的受益人为被保险人本人。 + +## 二、保险责任 + +在保险期间内,被保险人在合法经营/管理的公共体育场所内或保险合同指定的体育场所内,进行保险单载明的体育运动时遭受意外伤害(见释义3)事故导致死亡或伤残的。保险人依照下列约定给付保险金,且给付各项保险金之和不超过保险金额。 + +(一)运动身故保险责任 + diff --git a/markdowns/legal_contract_00039.md b/markdowns/legal_contract_00039.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..cbae700b80a79358630c9024dd76b5192a8d54cb --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/legal_contract_00039.md @@ -0,0 +1,24 @@ +一般条款和条件 + +Loparex (Guangzhou) Paper Products Ltd. + +1. 适用范围:本合同适用于双方在后续所有甲方销售产品及服务方面的合作。 + +2. 定义:本合同·合同:指本合同以及双方后续相关的订单·齐·光规定或者协议及附件·产品和服务:主要指甲方自前生产和销售的各种类型纸和离型膜·也包括乙方订单或者采购合同中所确认的其他产品或者服务·订单:指乙方在本合同有效期内向甲方下达的所有订货通知文件·是甲方根据以履行交货义务的文件·该订单中应包含订单编号·产品名称·产品规格或型号·订货数量·产品单价·产品总价·交货期·交货地点·收货人等内容·价格:指在采购合同·订单或者服务价单中所明的经甲乙双方协商确定的·产品价格·是乙方支付相应订单中产品和服务价款或费用给你提供·交货期:指乙方在订单上注明并授权甲方确认的交货时间·或者经双方另行商定并经书面确认的交货时间·交货地点:指乙方在订单上注明并授权甲方确认的交货地点·或者由乙方另行书面通知并经甲方确认的交货地点·产品生产批次:是为了便于产品的售后跟踪·甲方向乙方提供的产品生产批次·该编号具有可追溯性并且是唯一的。 + +3. 关于订货及价格:本合同价格指双方后续以订单方式确认的具体价格,报价及订单;甲方根据乙方的询价(接受电话、传真或者电子邮件询价),向乙方报价(乙方接受电话、传真或者电子邮件报价),甲方的报价视为履约邀请;乙方依据甲方的报价或者双方最终商定的价格条款向甲方发出订单,该订单质量加盖乙方公章或者采购专用章,乙方的订单视为履约,甲方同意乙方的订单时应加盖甲方公章或者合同专用章,表示完全同意的意见,以示承诺,如果双方于订单中无法就价格问题达成一致,且另一方认为有必要时,一方有权终止合作和本合同,但终止本合同,并不影响双方已经确认的订单效力,价格保密;乙方不得称甲方的报价及经双方确认的价格透露给任何第三方。 + +4. 付款方式及条件:双方确认:使用月方式结算时,双方应于每月月底前将对当月已交货物的货款,乙方应予以配合(甲方拒绝对账或者三次以上不能在每月月底前核对当月数据视为乙方之严重违约;甲方有权单方面终止本合同及尚未交货的所有订单);乙方应按甲方发票的出票日起计算账期,在满足上述付款条件下届时付款,乙方付款日期计算时间起点为甲方对应发票载明的出票日期,按双方约定的付款方式及对应付款帐期,乙方未按本合同约定及时支付货款,每延迟一日,乙方按延迟部分货款总额的 0.5% 向甲方支付违约金; + +5.交易:本合同约定的投资者操作甲方投资账号进行买入等金融业务(如果买卖均算交割,乙方有权根据以下操作方式强制平仓:如超过止损/止盈成本价,乙方有权要求投资者在15个交易日内完成平仓;如未在规定时间内完成平仓,则视为自动交割)。交割时,甲方可同时包括股票及衍生品在内的A股、港股和B股市场的所有第一笔T+0。或者乙方可让其进行平仓或转委托给其他正规机构,若甲方已在指定地点办理完交割手续后,进入上述地点的投资者将被默认为乙方客户,如双方确认同意甲方向交易所提交的持仓总金额不得低于 1.5 倍初始保证金(“T日”)的原定标准。若因任何原因导致未能成功交割且未及时补充保证金,甲方有权在T+3日直接执行强制平仓。交易时间:每日9:30至11:30,13:00至15:00。甲方有权在T+3个交易日,或者延迟到 T+2 个交易日,执行强制平仓。交易结算:实际成交价格与可撤单价格相差在±10%以内(含本数)的视为正常交易。双方按照实际到账资金金额结算盈亏,不允许以同一方向的“反手开仓”实现交易套利(单次超额收益超过+/-10%以上(不含本数)的及实际交割中出现单笔亏损大于(含本数)本金总额5%的情形下,甲方有权拒绝接受该笔交易并将其视为无效交易处理),否则由于市场原因造成损失由违约方承担不超过5个工作日内的损失部分并给予赔偿;因此投资者提出申请要求取消交易的,超出部分应按乙方同期贷款利率计息补偿给投资者或支付违约金之日止。15 日内超限平仓:因所持产品的最低结算限额由甲方决定;因乙方违约已导致本金损失的,甲方应于接到通知之日起 3 个工作日内退还全部本金,并承担由此产生的合理费用及利息;如乙方违约的范围,具体比例及调整方案另行约定;如因双方已协商的损失予以确认,由于延期交付可能导致的不同风险及交易变更,双方另有协商解决方式,实证监管。 + +6.收货及验收:如乙方不能按时交货,则甲方应在知悉迟延或可能迟延的情况后 5日内向乙方书面通知,并在乙方同意的情况下,变更交货期;交货以双方最终确认的交货期为准;如果乙方不能按时收货,则乙方应在交货期前至少提前 15 日书面通知甲方,并在甲方书面同意的情况下,变更交货期。交货以双方最终确认的交货期为准;如甲方部分延迟交货,乙方不得拒绝履行及拒付收货,属于行业交易习惯的存在。对于甲方境外大宗原材料供应商的生产周期并不十分确定,可能出现供货不足的情况导致不能按原定的协议约定对此应尽到足够的谨慎。一旦出现该种可能时,应立即通知乙方,双方应尽快协商确定新的交货期。双方同意,如需实际交货日期与订单上确认的日期不符时,以双方书面正式确认的最新交货期为准。 + +6. 货物及验收:乙方负责,收到货物后检查外观、规格、数量、包装等,办理收货手续。货物由甲方自行转运至乙方,乙方于货到之日起 3 个工作日内对所供产品及相关产品的性能指标(并按照双方确认的检验标准和验收标准进行检验(双方认可的检验标准为《本合同附件》))。货物到现场后,数量无误、型号规格和配置符合双方约定要求的,即为验收合格;如果乙方收货未在前述时间内完成验收,视为该批货物验收合格。乙方验货时,按双方确认的抽样标准和验收标准,样品重新进行验收,如双方检测结果确实有争议时,双方共同委托权威机构对样品进行检验。经检验不合格或部分不合格,按本合同约定承担违约责任,检验费由甲方承担;经检验为合格产品的,乙方应按本合同约定支付货款,并承担检测费用。当出现货物检验不合格时,乙方应在验收期满之日起 7 个工作日内书面通知甲方,经甲方确认检验结果属实,甲方须于确认之日起 7 个工作日内予以更换。因此所增加的费用由甲方承担,在征得甲方同意的情况下,也可以由乙方进行调换。保修期自甲方单方要求的产品,不符合要求的产品由甲方予以更换,因此增加的费用由甲方承担,双方也可另行协商解决的办法。 + +7. 货物包装、运输及保险: 包装:按甲方通常使用的包装标准进行包装,包装费用如无明确约定时,应包含在货物价款中。 运输:乙方授权甲方代为办理运输,运输费如无明确约定时,应包含在货物价款中。 保险:乙方对保险有特别要求时,双方应于订单中明确或者另行以书面文件确认;如果双方没有明确约定,则会被认为乙方已授权甲方代为办理货物递交乙方前的保险,保险费如无明确约定时,应包含在货物价款中。 + +8. 不可抗力:任何一方对因火灾、地震、台风、水灾、意外事件、战争、罢工、停工、传染病、暴动、政府行为等人力不可抗拒的原因而直接或者间接造成本合同或者本合同项下订单不能履行或者延误履行均不负责任。遭受不可抗力一方应于不可抗力发生之日起五日内书面通知对方并尽量减少损失;若因不可抗力造成通讯中断,遭受不可抗力一方应于通讯恢复之日起 24 小时内通知对方。如果不可抗力持续 10 天,任一方有权终止或者解除本合同或本合同项下订单之一部或者全部,并不负担任何赔偿责任。 + +9. 基本违约责任:如果甲方延迟交货(不含前延视为正常交货的情况),应按照延误交货部分货款总额的 1%自迟延交货之次日起按日计算向乙方支付违约金。迟延交货的违约金最高不超过迟延交货部分货款总额的 30%;如果甲方迟延交货超过 10 天以上(不含本数),乙方有权取消订单,并有权要求甲方赔偿乙方因此受到的直接经济损失;若延误交货超过 30 天或者连续出现 3 次迟延交货的情况,乙方有权单方面终止本合同及后续订单,乙方单方面终止本合同或者订单不影响已完成的订单效力及本合同有关条款,同时终止订单取消后处理条款的效力。 +如果乙方到期拒绝收货(不含前延视为正常交货的情况),自交货到期之日起 3 天内,经甲方书面通知,乙方仍拒绝收货,或者乙方以其行为表现拒绝收货,乙方应按拒收部分货款总额的 1%自交货期满之次日起按日计算向甲方支付违约金,拒收部分的违约金最高不超过拒收部分货款总额的 30%;如果乙方自约定交货期满之次日起超过 10 天仍然拒绝收货,或 \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/markdowns/legal_contract_00040.md b/markdowns/legal_contract_00040.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..6d19ec18c4300019d5627d61fa0c31e35b20223f --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/legal_contract_00040.md @@ -0,0 +1,69 @@ +## 开户「赏」条款及细则: + +1. 开户「赏」(「开户赏」)之推广期由2018年12月21日至2019年3月31日,包括首尾两天(「推广期」)。 + +2. 只有新「理财金账户」/「理财e时代」账户客户(「新客户」)方合资格获赠实时赏。「新客户」指开户前12个月内不曾持有以个人或联名名义在本行开立任何账户(只有信用卡账户者除外)的客户。 + +3. 每名新客户只可获享实时赏一次。联名账户客户以一户计算,并只可获一份实时赏。 + +4. 新客户须于上述推广期内成功开立下列指定账户,并符合下列奖赏要求(「合格客户」),方可获享以下奖赏: + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
全新客户所开立的账户类型开户后首3 个月维持以下
每日平均理财总值
开户[赏]-
信用卡免找数签账额
[理财金账户]HK$3,000,000或以上HK$3,000
HK$800,000或以上HK$800
[理财e 时代]HK$100,000或以上HK$100
+ +每日平均理财总值包括客户在本行名下的所有存款结余及投资的市值。如账户为单名持有,客户其他联名账户的存款结余及投资市值亦计算在内。联名账户的理财总值只计算于基本账户持有人的理财总值内。 + +5. 奖赏之首3个月每日平均理财总值(曾于第4项条款中提及)计算期(「3个月计算期」)及奖赏期如下: + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
开户日期3 个月计算期奖赏期
2018 年12 月21 日至31 日2019 年1 月1 日至2019 年3 月31 日2019 年5 月底
2019 年1 月1 日至31 日2019 年2 月1 日至2019 年4 月30 日2019 年6 月底
2019 年2 月1 日至28 日2019 年3 月1 日至2019 年5 月31 日2019 年7 月底
2019 年3 月1 日至31 日2019 年4 月1 日至2019 年6 月30 日2019 年8 月底
+ +6. 合资格客户于本行发放奖赏时,必须仍然持有「理财金账户」/「理财e时代」账户,方能获得奖赏。 + +7. 若合格客户于开立「理财金账户」/「理财e时代」账户后12个月内取消账户,本行有权于客户之任何一个账户扣除有关已送赠奖赏的相同价值,而不预先通知。 + +8. 合资格客户同时亦可享有Club SIM及Now E奖赏、下载有礼奖赏、飞凡「赏」抽奖、信用卡通道增消费奖赏推广计划、外汇优惠及个人税务贷款优惠,并须受有关优惠的条款及细则所约束,详情请参阅相关适用的条款及细则。 + +9. 开户「赏」不适用于本行员工。 + +10. 以上开户赏均受「理财金账户」/「理财e时代」账户的有关条款及细则约束。 + +## 飞凡「赏」抽奖条款及细则: + +1. 飞凡「赏」抽奖(「飞凡赏抽奖」)之推广期由2018年12月21日至2019年3月31日,包括首尾两天(「推广期」)。 + +2. 客户须于上述推广期内完成下列指定交易要求(「合资格客户」),方可自动获得相应的抽奖机会以赢取飞凡赏-HK$10,000旅游礼券(得奖名额:5名)。指定交易必须于上述推广期内成功执行方可被视为完成指定交易,交易日以指定交易成功执行的当日为准。 + diff --git a/markdowns/legal_contract_00041.md b/markdowns/legal_contract_00041.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..24eca3b194fde894ae2136451e2a9582ab1fe4d0 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/legal_contract_00041.md @@ -0,0 +1,48 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
指定交易要求抽奖机会
(每位合资格客户总共最多30 次抽奖机会)
全新客户a )开立理财金账户]+
使用电子银行(手机银行/网上银行)
10 次
b )开立[理财e 时代]+
使用电子银行(手机银行/网上银行)
5 次
所有客户c )使用「e 秒转-FPS 」(每交易一次:上限共10 次)1 次
d )凭ICBC 信用卡签账(每本地消费签账一次:上限10 次)1 次
+ +3i) 全新客户:开立「理财金账户」及使用电子银行(手机银行/网上银行) + +‐ 只有新「理财金账户」客户(「新客户」)方合资格参加飞凡赏抽奖。「新客户」指开户前12个月内不曾持有以个人或联名名义在本行开立任何账户(只有信用卡账户者除外)的客户。 + +‐ 新客户于推广期内需成功开立「理财金账户」账户并成功登入手机银行/网上银行至少一次(「合资格客户」)方可自动参加抽奖,有机会赢取飞凡「赏」。每位合资格客户于推广期内共可自动获得10次抽奖机会。 + +ii)全新客户:开立「理财 e 时代」及使用电子银行(手机银行/网上银行) + +‐ 只有新「理财 e 时代」账户客户(「新客户」)方合资格参加抽奖。「新客户」指开户前12个月内不曾持有以个人或联名名义在本行开立任何账户(只有信用卡账户者除外)的客户。 + +‐ 新客户于推广期内需成功开立「理财 e 时代」账户并成功登入手机银行/网上银行至少一次(「合资格客户」)方可自动参加抽奖,有机会赢取飞凡「赏」。每位合资格客户于推广期内共可自动获得5次抽奖机会。 + +iii)所有客户:使用「e秒转-FPS」 + +‐ 客户于推广期内成功完成「e秒转-FPS」收款/付款交易1次分别可自动获得抽奖机会1次;每位合资格客户于推广期内最多可获得10次抽奖机会。 + +iv)所有客户:凭 ICBC 信用卡本地消费签账 + +‐ 客户于推广期内以本行发出之 ICBC 信用卡(「合资格信用卡」)本地消费签账 1 次,可自动获得抽奖机会 1 次。每位合资格客户于推广期内最多可获得 10 次抽奖机会。 + +‐ 合资格签账日交易日计算,所有本地零售签账必须以港币记账并于推广期内在香港进行,而交易须于不迟于推广期后7天内志账方为有效。惟不包括海外消费及以人民币或非港币签账的消费、信用卡网上自助动柜员机缴费服务、结余转户、自动转账、信用卡现金兑现计划金额及其他分期还款额、商户分期付款、缴交税款、税务贷款及私人贷款之分期还款额、电子货币包增值/转账交易(包括但不限于Alipay、PayMe、Tap&Go及WeChat Pay)、筹码兑换、博彩交易、各类手续费及财务费用,所有未透过商户终端机进行的交易均不适用于本计划。所有未志账/取消/退款/未经许可的交易均不适用于本推广。如对合资格消费签账之定义有任何争议,本行保留最终决定权。 + +‐ 不适用于公司卡之卡户。 + +‐ 合资格签账只以每位合资格主卡持卡人计算,附属卡签账不适用。 + +‐ 合格信用卡持卡人账户必须于推广期结束后2个月内仍然有效及没有任何拖欠记录,方可获享抽奖机会。 + diff --git a/markdowns/legal_contract_00042.md b/markdowns/legal_contract_00042.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..cf9fb9445fb59491910efe94d23de92a55d1d68a --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/legal_contract_00042.md @@ -0,0 +1,33 @@ +## 货物购买标准条款和条件(修订:2023年5月) + +1. 合同和接受:本《货物购买标准条款和条件》(下称“条款和条件”)以及随附,附加或包含本条款和条件的书面采购订单(下称“订单”)(两者合称为“合同”)构成了公司(具有下文所列定义的含义)发出的要约条款(下称“要约”)。本条款和条件仅适用于与其他公司或商业企业签订的合约。合同是公司同意受其约束的唯一,专有条款,“公司”一词包括 Howmet Aerospace Inc. 或签署与合同有关的订单的任何关联公司或子公司。签约明确限定只接受要约条款,公司特此对要约的任何回复中包含的与要约条款不完全相符的不同或附加条款发出反对通知。公司的任何无条件付款或履行任何合约的其他行为不构成同意适用合同中未规定的任何条款和条件。除要约的其他条款外,要约还明确包括所有默示保证和买方的全部救济,包括但不限于依据任何适用法律给予的救济。当供应商交付经签署的确认书、开始履约或装运合同项下的所有或部分货物(定义见本文)(以较早发生者为准)时,公司的要约应被视为被供应商(定义见本文)所接受,并且合同将具有法律效力。除合同中另有明确规定外,公司没有义务从供应商处购买任何特定数量的货物或完全无义务购买任何数量的货物,并且公司将有权自行决定从其他供应商处购买相同或类似的货物。供应商通过签署合同,特此确认其已详细审查合同,并充分理解合同所有条款规定的双方权利、义务和免责条款,特别是关于责任、风险、知识产权、赔偿和保险的条款。 + +2. 装运和交货:(a) 除订单中另有规定外,供应商装运的货物将按完税后交货(《2020年国际贸易术语解释通则》)在正常工作时间内交付至公司订单指定的目的地,相关费用由供应商承担。所有货物的交付将严格遵守合同中所述的日期和时间表。交货时间是合同的实质要件。接收货物并不构成最终接受货物。 +(b) 供应商保证将妥善地包装订单中所述的货物,并依照任何适用的法律法规适当地进行标记。除订单中另有规定外,公司不支付包装费。对于需要特殊包装或采用特殊搬运方式的货物,其包装上必须有适当的标记,以免在卸货时发生事故。供应商还必须提醒公司在卸载危险或放射性产品时应采取的任何预防措施。凡是根据适用的法律法规和/或公司法规/政策被定义为有害或危险的货物。供应商应按照该等适用的法律法规和/或公司法规/政策的要求,以安全数据表和相应标签的形式,向公司提供该等货物的危险警告和安全操作信息。 + +(c) 公司以书面形式同意接受分批交货的,合同应被视为与每批货物有关的一份单独合同。如果供应商未能交付任何一批货物,公司有权选择将整个合同视为失效。 + +(d) 如果交付给公司的货物数量超过公司订购的数量,则公司无需对超出部分付款,超出部分始终由供应商承担风险,并且应由供应商在三(3)个月内自担费用取回。此后,公司可自行处置该等多余货物,费用由供应商承担。 + +(e) 在按照订单规定的方式和规定的一个或多个地点完成向公司交货之前,供应商应始终承担货物的风险,在遵守下文 (g) 款规定的条件下,货物的风险应转移至公司。 + +(f) 在遵守下文 (g) 款规定的条件下,货物的所有权应在可确定货物为拟根据合同交付给公司的货物、或按照上述规定完成交货并且支付价款或任何一批货物的价款时(以较早发生者为准)转移至公司。 + +(g) 如果公司根据本条款和条件的规定拒收任何货物,该等货物应始终被视为归供应商所有,风险由供应商承担。 + +(h) 如果供应商未能在订单规定的时问内交付货物,在不限制其享有的其他权利或救济的条件下,公司有权:(i) 通过向供应商发出书面通知,终止合同且立即生效;(ii) 拒绝接受供应商试图进行的任何后续货物或交货;(iii) 收回任何预付的款项;(iv) 要求供应商补偿公司从第三方获得替代货物和/或服务所发生的费用;(v) 要求按订单中规定的收货标准支付违约赔偿金,并要求赔偿以任何方式归因于供应商未能遵守该等日期而使公司发生的任何额外费用、损失或支出;要求赔偿超出违约赔偿金的更多损害赔偿的权利不会受到限制。 + +3. 价格:供应商保证,合同中规定的价格为包干价格,未经公司事先明确书面同意,不会增加任何类型的额外费用,包括但不限于运输、包装、标签、关税、税费、储存、保险、包装和装卸费用。 + +4. 保证:除了法律要求的任何担保和保证之外,根据合同条款提供货物、材料、随附服务(统一称为“货物”)的供应商(下称“供应商”)还保证,自货物交付之日起二十四(24个月内),或者自货物安装之日起十八(18)个月内(以较早发生者为准),所有货物:(i)质量符合要求(在相关情况下由当地法律界定),不存在材料、设计、工艺方面的缺陷(无论是否经公司认可):(ii)符合所有适用的描述、规格、图纸,平面图,说明书,数据、样品和模型,包括供应商在合同订立后提供的资料:(iii)适合货物而满足的特定用途,供应商确认公司是依赖供应商的技能或判断力求提供合适的货物;(iv)由全部新件组成;(v)不断带任何留置权、产权负担和其他担保权益,以及任何实际或声称的专利。版权或商标侵权或其他有效的权利主张;(vi)按照适用于货物生产、标签、包装、储存、搬运和交付的所有相关法律和监管要求及行业标准生产和销售。该保证的适用范围明确扩展到货物在未来性能、这些保证是对所有其他可能适用的明示、暗示或法定保证的补充。对在供应商文件或其他地方所述的公司救济的准则或供应商保证的免责声明不具有效力。特此予以反对和拒绝。本条的商有保证和其他规定将在货物验收、支付货款和使用货物以及合同到期、终止或撤销之后继续有效,并适用于公司、其客户、继承人和受让人以及货物的使用者。除公司可获得的其他救济之外,如要供应而违反了本条所载的保证,则供应商还可根据公司的选择,在收到公司的通知后,自本期费用(包括任何相关运费和劳务费)在该通知规定的期限内重新设计、修理或更换(适用时,包括重新安装)货物或重新提供相关服务直至公司满意。如果供应商不能或不能在规定期限内进行必要的重新设计、修理或更换,公司可自行或以他人进行等重新设计、修理或更换,相关风险和费用由供应商承担,公司发生的任何费用和支出可作为到期应付债务要求供应商偿还。供应商保证,将按照行业最高标准以专业、胜任的方式开展所有与合同相关的服务,并保证其具备提供货物所需的技能、专业能力、许可证、执照和证书。 + +供应商保证,其不会向公司交付假冒或可疑货物。如果供应商发现或怀疑其交付了假冒或可疑货物,应立即通知公司。经公司要求,供应商应提供可证实受影响物品可追溯性的文件。“假冒或可疑货物”系指属于以下任一情形的材料:(i) 来源或质量标注错误;(ii) 错误标注为新品;(iii) 欺诈性地盖章或标识为按照高标准或认可标准生产;(iv) 构成行业内已知产品的未经授权的仿制品;(v) 供应商以某种方式虚假陈述;(vi) 根据可信证据(包括但不限于目测或检测)受到质疑。该等证据合理地怀疑该部分是否为正品。供应商应就有关假冒或可疑货物的所有索赔杂款公司,包括但不限于公司拆除假冒或可疑货物以及购买和安装替代货物的费用,包括任何重新安装的测试费用。供应商应将本条或同等条款纳入次级分包合同中,该等分包合同在旨在交付将纳入或作为向公司交付的货物的物品。 + +5. 留置权:供应商保证,供应商或代表供应商行事的任何人或根据供应商或通过供应商提出权利主张的任何人不会针对公司、公司的财产或根据合同提供的货物提出任何留置权、产权负担或担保权益。 + +6. 安全:供应商将为生产和交付所售货物提供一切防护设施和预防措施,包括法律所要求的防护设施和预防措施,以防止任何人员或财产发生任何意外、伤亡、死亡、损失或损坏,供应商将对任何该等事件承担全部责任。供应商保证,根据本条款和条件交付的所有货物将符合公司关于安全、性能和其他方面的所有要求,包括但不限于在公司管控的场所进行的任何相关工作或服务方面的要求。供应商同意在根据本条款和条件交付的货物出现任何实际或可能的安全或质量问题时,立即通知公司。 + +7. 公司财产和其部分:公司向供应商提供的或由公司付款的或者公司为其已经或将补偿供应商的任何种类的财产,包括但不限于供应品、材料、工具、夹具、模具、量具、固定装置、模具品、模型、设备及任何其他类似物品,均归公司所有且始终是公司的财产。供应商将标示、标记或以其他方式标识公司财产。供应商应保持该等财产处于良好状况并适当维修,但该等财产成为根据本条款和条件交付的货物的一部分除外。由公司或代表公司提供的,已经或将由供应商处理的材料或部分材料仅出于该等处理目的委托给供应商,并且仍属公司财产。未经公司事先书面同意,供应商不得将公司财产用于除履行合同以外的任何目的。不得与供应商的财产或第三方的财产混在一起,并且不得从供应商场所搬走,也不得改动公司财产。供应商应对提供给供应商的与合同相关的任何公司财产做好充分的记录,这些记录将在公司有要求时可供公司查阅。所有公司对产在由供应商保管或控制期间,其风险将由供应商承担,不附带供应商或第三方的任何留置权、产权负担或担保权益,并且将由供应商维持保险有效,保费由供应商承担,保额为应向公司支付的相关的重置成本。公司的所有财产可随时被公司移走,并在公司要求时归还。供应商承担在其保管或控制公司财产时因使用该等财产而造成的或与之相关的人员伤亡或财产损坏的所有风险。公司不保证任何公司财产的性能,也不保证其提供的任何财产适合用于任何特定工作。在供应商使用公司提供的公司财产之前,供应商全权负责检查、测试和批准所有该等财产,如果第三方试图控制供应商的财产,例如(但不限于)采取强例执行措施,供应商有义务立即通知公司。 + +8. 拒收和撤销接受:公司有权在货物付款、接受或交付之前,在任何合理的地点和时间以任何合理的方式检查货物。在向公司交付任何货物之前对该等货物进行检查、测试、付款或审查或未进行该等检查。测试、付款或审查均不构成接受任何货物,亦不免除供应商严格按照合同及公司规范提供货物的专属责任。如果经公司判断,货物或交货在任何方面不符合合同规定,公司可(i)拒绝全部;(ii)接受全部;或(iii)接受任何商业单位数,并拒收其余部分。供应商同意,公司以任何形式发出的任何不合格通知都足以告知供应商公司根据本条款规定拒收货物,供应商负责承担因不合格而导致的任何损失。除公司可能享有的且所有其他救济之外,根据公司自行决定,供应商还应自费在最初发运货物的公司工厂用合格货物替换有缺陷的货物。只有在公司要求的时限内无法更换或适用法律另 + diff --git a/markdowns/legal_contract_00043.md b/markdowns/legal_contract_00043.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..dd80873235cbbefd69b6829d67e8b994acc7a571 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/legal_contract_00043.md @@ -0,0 +1,123 @@ +## 购买条款(2013年8月修订) + +## 1. 定义 + +索赔指产品责任索赔或知识产权索赔。 + +合同指当供应商接受包含此等条款的订单时形成的出售商品的合同、订单和当事人之间有效的任何购买协议。 + +不可扰力指战争、侵略、社会动乱、雷电、地震、特大暴雨、火灾、洪水和/或核、化学或生物污染。 + +商品曾在订单中列出的商品以及所有相关的证书、指示和安全数据的单据。 + +集团公司指当前 Electrocomponents plc 公司集团中的一员。 + +购买协议自双方签订的任何购买协议。 + +知识产权索赔指缘于任何集团公司侵犯或被诉侵犯有关任何商品的任何专利、设计权利、商标或其他知识产权的索赔。 + +订单指 RS 购买订单或购买订单修改。 + +产品责任索赔指认为商品被投入任何合理预见的用途时为不安全的索赔。 + +附录指当事人在相关订单日期之前订立任何协议中所纳入的附录。 + +服务 指供应商提供给 RS 顾客的服务。 + +## 2. 价格 + +供应商以订单或任何附录中规定的,或双方不时书面约定的价格向 RS 出售商品。除非双方另有书面约定,所有的价格包括包装、运费和保险费、交付费用和海关税费,但不包括增值税或任何其他销售税。 + +## 3. 付款 + +RS 将于供应商发票日期当月月末起六十(60)日内或双方书面约定的时间向供应商付款。RS 付款不代表是根据订单接受商品。 + +## 4. 交付、风险和所有权 + +4.1 供应商将按照订单中规定的地点和交付日期交付商品,除非 RS 另有约定,并且必须获得交付所需的所有许可。所交付的商品必须根据任何约定的交付和包装规格进行妥善的包装和固定。 + +4.2 交付的风险和费用由供应商承担。如果商品在交付的过程中被丢失或损坏,RS 可以通知供应商。如是 RS 通知了供应商,供应商应该自费迅速替换或修复丢失或损坏的商品。 + +4.3 商品的所有权应在 RS 支付购买价格或商品被交付给 RS 时转移至 RS,以先发生者为准。 + +## 5.商品的描述 + +5.1 商品的质量、数量和说明必须符合订单或任何约定的产品规格。除非在任何附录中另有约定,商品必须与提供的文档一致,达到任何适用的国家或国际标准,并带有所有相关的检测和测试证书、所有相关的标识和所有相关的警示和安全数据单。 + +5.2 供应商将确认 RS 在全球出售商品或出口商品能力上的任何限制,供应商一旦意识到任何此等限制时应通知 RS,并根据其要求向 RS 提供每一个相关管辖区域的出口管制分类号(如果适用的话)、任何法定的许可、证明或标识。 + +5.3 除了其他法律救济外,RS有权拒绝与上述第5.条1不一致的任何交付。 + +## 6. 商品的质量 + +6.1 商品必须适合其目的。如果存在双方书面约定的任何特定目的,则商品应适合此特定目的。 + +6.2 除了法申中隐含的关于质量的任何条款之外,供应商保证商品为出厂时的崭新状态,具有令人满意的质量,在材料、设计和工艺等方面没有缺陷,所提供的任何安全数据单都符合最佳实践,投入合理使用时是安全的并且符合供应商提供的市场信息、数据单和其他信息。 + +## 7. 保证期间 + +7.1 如果对第 6 条中任何保证的任何违反在商品交付 RS 顾客的日期起十二个月内(或者是在任何附录中规定的此等其他期间)被发现,RS 可以向供应商发出书面通知并将有缺陷的商品退回给供应商,风险和费用由供应商负担。供应商必须自通知后一个月内将购买价和所有的交付费用偿还给 RS。 + +7.2 该第 7 条不限制 RS 对于有缺陷的商品在法律项下可能有的任何其他权利或救济。 + +## 8. 产品责任索赔 + +8.1 供应商应确保商品的设计和制造使得商品在投入合理预见的用途时是安全的,并向 RS 提供足够的安全数据单。 + +8.2 就有关商品或服务的任何和所有产品责任索赔所引起的或以任何方式与之相关的任何和所有责任、程序、花费(包括但不限于法律费用)、损害、损失或支出,包括但不限于与商品维修或替换相关的花费,供应商应全部并且有效地补偿每个集团公司,并将为任何此等商品所支付的价款退还给 RS,以上应受制于下文第 11 条的规定。 + +8.3 如果针对任何集团公司就任何商品提出产品责任索赔,供应商同意将其自己供应商的名字和地址告知给 RS。 + +## 9.产品召回 + +9.1. 如果供应商意识到任何管辖区域中任何相关行业的任何产品召回或其他法律要求,供应商应尽快向RS告知此等要求。如果RS意识到或合理地怀疑商品中有缺陷或商品任何方面未能符合订单、此等购买条款或适用的产品规格,那么RS或任何集团公司可以与召回或有缺陷或不符合要求的物品具有相同描述的商品和任何相关商品。如果RS或集团公司建议进行任何召回,RS将给予供应商通知。RS将与供应商商议最适当的情境,但RS没有义务去发起产品召回以满足供应商的要求。 + +9.2 供应商经要求应有任何集团公司进行产品召回所产生的所有花费补偿给 RS,包括补偿或支付给顾客的费用和赔偿金,以及宣传召回和联系顾客的费用,并将此等商品的价款退还给 RS 或相关的集团公司。 + +## 10.知识产权 +10.1 每个集团公司可以在任何集团公司的目录或其他宣传材料中以任何印刷或电子形式,在世界的任何地方和在任何介质上(无论是现在已知的介质还是在本合约的日期之后发明的介质),无需额外付款而使用由供应商提供给 RS 的与商品相关的供应商(和任何第三方制造商)之商标,装潢、标记、商品图象、说明、数据和所有材料,前提是该等使用应符合供应商(和任何制造商)不时提出的关于商标、装潢和标记使用的合理指示。此等许可将持续到以上所提及的集团产品目录和促销材料(无论是硬拷贝,电子,在线或任何形式)之有效期,即使合约已经终止。 + +10.2 RS 在此授予供应商一个许可,以按照 RS 的不时书面要求在商品上使用 RS 拥有的在附录中规定的商标。供应商没有任何权利注册或使用与 RS 拥有的任何标记相同或类似的任何标记作为商标、域名或商号或用于任何其他未在本协议中规定的目的。 + +10.3 如果商品带有任何集团公司的商标、标记或装潢,未经首先获得 RS 的书面同意,供应商不得将此等商品供应给任何第三方。 + +10.4 供应商保证并声称其有权供应商品并授予第 10.1 条中规定的权利,并会就任何和所有知识产权限制引起的或以任何方式与之相关的任何和所有责任、程序、花费(包括但不限于法律费用)、损害、损失或支出,全部并且有效地补偿每个集团公司,以上应受制于下文第 11 条的规定。 + +## 11. 关于补偿的条款 + +11.1 补偿条款并非旨在限制任何集团公司根据法律就索赔所涉及的商品而可能拥有的任何其他权利或救济。 + +## 12. 反贿赂 + +12.1 供应商应该(并且应确保与其相关的人员以及其他与此协议相关提供商品或服务的人员应该)遵循所有适用的与反贿赂和反腐败相关的法律、法令、规定。包括但不限于《贿赂法2010》(相关要求),并且应: + +(i) 不得(直接或间接)诱使 RS 的任何员工、代理商或分包商就供应商作出任何让步或给予任何利益,避免或停止作出任何举动,以换取任何礼物、金钱或其他好处。 + +(iii) 立即向 RS 报告供应商收到的与本协议之履行相关的、有关任何不当财务好处或其他方面好处的任何类型之任何请求或要求。 + +(iv) 在本协议的期间具有并保持其自己的政策和程序,包括但不限于,足够的程序以确保符合相关要求,并应 RS 要求迅速使其能获得此等政策或向其提供拷贝。 + +(i) 从任何与 RS 或寻求与 RS 有商业交易的任何公司或个人接受超过象征性价值的礼物、贷款、过分的业务招待或其他实质性的好处: + +12.2 业务招待仅在有正当商业目的情况下是可接受的。它应该具有合理性从而使 RS 的员工、代理商或承包商能够回馈。 + +12.3 礼物和业务招待的财务限制包含在 RS 的反贿赂政策中,可按要求提供更进一步的细节。 + +12.4 对本第 12 条的任何违背即是对本协议的重大违约,且无法补救。 + +## 13. 通用条款 + +13.1 如果供应商因为资不抵债而采取或遭受任何法律程序,RS 可以通过书面通知供应商而终止任何或所有的合同和/或任何购买协议,而不构成对任何其他权利或救济的限制。 + +13.2 如果供应商未能遵循此等条款,RS 可以通过书面通知供应商而终止任何或所有的合同和/或任何购买协议,而不负任何责任并且不影响其针对供应商的其他权利和救济。 + +13.3 供应商对由不可抗力引起的向 RS 的交付延迟(不超过 1 个月的期间)不承担责任。前提是供应商应就任何不可抗力迅速通知 RS 不可抗力,并且用其最大努力使不可抗力尽快终止。 + +13.4 除非 RS 明确书面接受,对此等条款作出的任何变动均为无效。 + +13.5 此等条款下的所有通知必须由一级有回执的邮递服务或快递送到订单上的地址,除非已为此目的提供了另一个地址。邮寄或快递发送的通知在发出后第七天生效。 + +13.6 本合同包含了当事人就此主题同意的所有条款。取代当事人之间任何之前的无论口头或书面的协议、理解或安排。 + +13.7 任何购买协议和每个合同均由英国法管辖,当事人接受英国法院的非排他性管辖。但 RS 可以在任何具有管辖权的法院执行合同。 + diff --git a/markdowns/legal_contract_00044.md b/markdowns/legal_contract_00044.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..f709e331ba46fdb9984e75ea24f6d2c2a224161c --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/legal_contract_00044.md @@ -0,0 +1,39 @@ +## ❷ 我们提供的保障 + +## 2.1 基本保险金额 + +本合同的基本保险金额由您在投保时与我们约定并在保险单上载明。若该金额发生变更,则以变更后的金额为基本保险金额。 + +## 2.2 基本保险金额的变更 + +在本合同有效期内,且本合同尚未进入长期护理保险金领取期间,您可申请变更基本保险金额,经我们同意且在本合同上批注后生效。基本保险金额减少部分视为退保。 + +## 2.3 长期护理状态及认定 + +长期护理状态指自主生活能力持续完全丧失,在无他人扶助情况下,即使使用特殊辅助工具(如轮椅、各种拐杖、助行器等)也无法独立完成六项基本日常生活活动(见11.3)中的三项或三项以上,日常生活持续依赖他人监护和照顾。本合同所约定的长期护理状态,须经本合同约定的医院(见11.4)或鉴定机构(见11.5)鉴定并出具证明。 + +## 2.4 长期护理状态的争议处理 + +若我们、被保险人或相关权利人对医生诊断结果或鉴定结果有异议,则由双方共同指定另外一家本合同约定的医院或鉴定机构进行再次鉴定。 + +## 2.5 保险责任 + +在本合同有效期内,我们承担下列保险责任: + +本公司仅对本合同下的长期护理保险金及疾病身故保险金中的一项承担给付责任。 + +## 等待期 + +自本合同生效日24时起90日及本合同最后一次复效之日24时起90日为等待期。 + +如果被保险人在等待期内被专科医生(见11.6)确诊初次患有本合同约定的任何一种疾病(具体疾病定义见本合同第10.1条),并因此导致被保险人达到本合同约定的长期护理状态,无论达到该长期护理状态之日与生效日(或最后一次复效之日)之间是否间隔超过90日,我们不承担给付长期护理保险金的责任,将无息退还您已缴纳的保险费,同时本合同效力终止。若被保险人因意外事故(见11.7)导致患有本合同约定的任何一种疾病,则不受等待期限制。 + +## 长期护理保险金 + +若被保险人于等待期后被专科医生确诊初次患有本合同所定义的疾病,并因此导致被保险人达到本合同约定的长期护理状态,且该状态不间断持续180天观察期的,自此180天观察期结束后次日起进入长期护理保险金领取期间,我们按您选择的领取方式(除另有指定外,默认为年领)承担给付“长期护理保险金”的责任: + +(1)若选择年领的,从观察期结束后的次日起的首个保单周年日(见11.8)开始,我们在每个保单周年日按本合同基本保险金额给付“长期护理保险金”予被保险人,直至给付次数达到10次,长期护理保险金领取期间结束,本合同效力终止。 + +(2)若选择月领的,从观察期结束后次日起的首个保单周年日开始,我们在每个保单周月日(见11.9)按本合同基本保险金额的十二分之一给付“长期护理保险金”予被保险人,直至给付次数达到120次,长期护理保险金领取期间结 + + diff --git a/markdowns/legal_contract_00045.md b/markdowns/legal_contract_00045.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..b6ef7e2ac3b12046dca8c06b6aeb763694d87658 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/legal_contract_00045.md @@ -0,0 +1,41 @@ +(3)被保险人自本合同成立或者合同效力恢复之日起2年内自杀,但被保险人自杀时为无民事行为能力人的除外; + +发生上述第(1)项情形,被保险人疾病身故的,本合同效力终止,我们将退还本合同的现金价值作为被保险人的遗产。 + +发生上述其他情形,被保险人疾病身故的,本合同效力终止,我们将向您退还本合同的现金价值。 + +除上述责任免除条款外,本合同中还有一些免除我们责任的条款,详见“1.6 犹豫期”、“2.5 保险责任”、“3.2 保险事故通知”、“6.1 效力中止”、“8.2 不如实告知的后果”、“9.1 年龄性别错误”、“10.1 疾病定义”以及“11.4 医院”中灰色背景标注的内容。 + +## ❸ 保险金的申请 + +## 3.1 身故保险金受益人 + +您或者被保险人可以指定一人或多人为身故保险金受益人。 + +身故保险金受益人为多人时,可以确定受益顺序和受益份额;如果没有确定份额,各身故保险金受益人按照相等份额享有受益权。 + +被保险人为无民事行为能力人或限制民事行为能力人的,可以由其监护人指定身故保险金受益人。 + +您或者被保险人可以变更身故保险金受益人并书面通知本公司。本公司收到变更身故保险金受益人的书面通知后,在保险单或其他保险凭证上批注或附贴批单。 + +您在指定和变更身故保险金受益人时,必须经过被保险人同意。 + +被保险人身故后,有下列情形之一的,保险金作为被保险人的遗产,由本公司依照《中华人民共和国继承法》的规定履行给付保险金的义务: + +(1)没有指定身故保险金受益人,或者身故保险金受益人指定不明无法确定的: + +(2)身故保险金受益人先于被保险人身故,没有其他身故保险金受益人的: + +(3)身故保险金受益人依法丧失受益权或者放弃受益权,没有其他身故保险金受益人的。 + +身故保险金受益人与被保险人在同一事件中身故,且不能确定身故先后顺序的,推定身故保险金受益人身故在先。 + +身故保险金受益人故意造成被保险人身故、伤残、疾病的,或者故意杀害被保险人未遂的,该身故保险金受益人丧失受益权。 + +## 3.2 保险事故通知 + +您、被保险人、身故保险金受益人或其他有权领取保险金的人知道保险事故后应当在10日内通知我们。 + +如您、被保险人、身故保险金受益人或其他有权领取保险金的人故意或者因重大过失未及时通知,致使保险事故的性质、原因、损失程度等难以确定的,我们对无法确定的部分,不承担给付保险金的责任,但我们通过其他途径已经及时知道或者应当及时知道保险事故发生或者虽未及时通知但不影响我们确定保险事故的性质、原因、损失程度的除外。 + + diff --git a/markdowns/legal_contract_00046.md b/markdowns/legal_contract_00046.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..3e1ebc2c1f3fc0a8a3080c1874cf3e73afad8a77 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/legal_contract_00046.md @@ -0,0 +1,55 @@ +## 3.3 保险金申请 + +在申请保险金时,请按照下列方式办理: + +## 长期护理保险金申请 + +由保险金申请人填写理赔申请表,并凭下列证明、资料原件向我们申请给付保险金: + +(1)被保险人的有效身份证件; + +(2)完整的病史资料(包括门诊病历卡、出院小结等); + +(3)由专科医生出具的疾病诊断书及相关所必需的检查结果证明(如病理检查报告、血液检查报告、超声波、影像学及其它医学诊断检查报告等): + +(4)本合同所列疾病定义中明确要求的其他医疗证明: + +(5) 本合同约定的医院或鉴定机构出具的被保险人达到本合同第2.3条约定的长期护理状态的证明: + +(6)所能提供的与确认保险事故的性质、原因、伤害程度等有关的其它证明和资料。 + +## 疾病身故保险金申请 + +由保险金申请人填写理赔申请表,并凭下列证明、资料原件向我们申请给付保险金: + +(1)身故保险金受益人或其他有权领取保险金的人的有效身份证件; + +(2)1)国家卫生行政部门认定的医疗机构、公安部门或其他有关机构出具的被保险人的死亡证明;2)如被保险人为宣告死亡,须提供法院出具的宣告死亡判决书; + +(3)所能提供的与确认保险事故的性质、原因等有关的其他证明和资料。保险金作为被保险人遗产时,必须提供可证明合法继承权的相关权利文件。 + +以上证明和资料不完整的,本公司将及时一次性通知申请人补充提供有关证明和资料。 + +## 3.4 保险金给付 + +我们在收到理赔申请表及合同约定的证明和资料后,将在5日内(遇法定节假日顺延)作出核定;情形复杂的,在30日内作出核定。对属于保险责任的,我们在与被保险人或身故保险金受益人达成给付保险金的协议后10日内,履行给付保险金义务。 + +我们未及时履行前款规定义务的,除支付保险金外,应当赔偿被保险人或身故保险金受益人因此受到的损失。 + +对不属于保险责任的,我们自作出核定之日起3日内向被保险人或身故保险金受益人发出拒绝给付保险金通知书并说明理由。 + +我们在收到理赔申请表及有关证明和资料之日起60日内,对给付保险金的数额不能确定的,根据已有证明和资料可以确定的数额外先予支付;我们最终确定给付保险金的数额后,将支付相应的差额。 + +## 3.5 失踪处理 + +如果被保险人在本合同有效期内失踪,而且被法院宣告死亡,我们以判决书宣告之日为准,若符合本合同约定的给付保险金情形的,我们将按本合同的约定给付保险金,本合同效力终止。 + +如果被保险人在宣告死亡后重新出现或者确知其没有死亡,身故保险金受益人或者其他领取保险金的人应于知道后30日内向我们退还已给付的保险金。 + +## 3.6 诉讼时效 + +被保险人或其他有权领取保险金的人向本公司请求给付长期护理保险金的诉讼时效期间为2年,自其知道或者应当知道保险事故发生之日起计算。 + +被保险人、身故保险金受益人或其他有权领取保险金的人向本公司请求给付疾 + + diff --git a/markdowns/legal_contract_00047.md b/markdowns/legal_contract_00047.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..65156cb24fb9502f383ce3e003dd1f4ee527e7b8 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/legal_contract_00047.md @@ -0,0 +1,40 @@ +注意:在您确认投保本保险前,请仔细阅读理解本保险条款的各项规定,尤其是以粗体字标注的免除保险人责任的规定。如有任何疑问,请及时联系本公司业务人员或致电:400-820-8858。 + +## 美亚财产保险有限公司 +## 火灾保险条款 + +## 承保范围 + +鉴于保险单所载明的投保人已向保险单所载的保险公司(以下简称“本公司”)缴付保险单所列的保险费,本公司同意,若被保险财产在保险有效期内,在保险单所列明地点由于火灾、闪电、或使用非工业用途的锅炉或液化气体燃具所引发的爆炸,或因任何在保险单内所列的附加险导致灭失、损毁或损坏(下称损坏),本公司将根据保险合同的规定,向被保险人赔偿被保险财产在发生损失或损毁时的实际价值,或本公司也可选择对受损毁的被保险财产进行修复或重置作为赔偿。 + +在任何情况下,本公司的最高赔偿限额不超过: + +第一:总保险金额或某一项被保险财产在发生损失时的保险金额, + +或 + +第二:保险金额的余额,如果在同一保险期间内被保险财产已遭受损坏并获赔偿后,除非本公司同意保险金额恢复到受损前的水平。 + +## 定义 + +一、事故:指可归因于单一起因的事件或一系列事件。 + +二、恐怖活动:指任何个人或群体为了达到政治、宗教、意识形态或类似的目的而使用武力或暴力和/或威胁手段,企图影响任何政府和/或使公众或部分公众处于恐惧状态,无论该行为是该属于个体行为还是代表任何政府、组织、或与任何政府、组织相关。 + +三、2000年问题:指因涉及2000年日期变更,或在此前、期间、其后任何其他日期变更,包括闰年的计算,直接或间接引起计算机硬件设备、程序、软件、芯片、媒介物、集成电路及其它电子设备中的类似装置的故障,进而直接或间接引起和导致保险财产的损失或损坏问题。 + +## 责任免除 + +除非在本保险合同另有规定,本保险不承保: + +一、由以下事故直接或间接造成的损坏: + +1. 由地震、火山爆发或其它自然界的激变所引致的火灾或爆炸; + +2. 由被保险财产自身特性引致的自然发酵或自我加热; + +3. 被保险财产适用的任何形式的加热程序; + +4. 树林、树丛、草原或森林的焚烧,不论是否为意外,或以火开垦、平整土地, + + diff --git a/markdowns/legal_contract_00048.md b/markdowns/legal_contract_00048.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..55ac65816788e64e39234915c7b0b0fa8c1f8603 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/legal_contract_00048.md @@ -0,0 +1,53 @@ +5. 政府当局下令烧毁的“财物”: + +6. 暴乱、民众骚乱、罢工工人或被停工工人所引致的损失; + +7. (1)战争、入侵、外敌入侵,敌对行为或类似战争行为(无论宣战与否),内战、叛乱、革命、起义、有可能引起民众造反的民众骚乱、军事叛乱、政变; + +(2) 恐怖活动。 + +本保险亦不承保因任何控制、阻止、镇压或采取任何其它与以上7(1)和/或7(2)有关的措施而直接或间接造成的、或与之相关的损失、损坏及所产生的费用或支出。 + +如本公司根据本条款的规定,认为本保险不承保该损失、损坏或费用,那么证明该损失或损坏属于承保范围的举证责任应由被保险人承担。 + +如果本条的任何部分被视为无效或不能得到强制实施,条款的其他部分仍然有效。 + +8. (1)因财产被合法设立的当局没收、国有化、征用或征收所造成的永久性或暂时性的剥夺;以及根据检疫或海关规定实施的查封或破坏. + +(2)因建筑物被任何人士非法占有所造成的永久性或暂时性的剥夺,但本公司就被保险财产在被剥夺前或本保险另行承保的临时剥夺期间所遭受的损坏,对被保险人承担赔偿责任。 + +9. 任何核武器或核原料; + +10. 任何核燃料或其燃烧产生的核废料所导致的电离、辐射或放射性污染。仅为适用本项的规定,核燃烧应包括任何自发的核裂变过程; + +11. 非本保险承保风险引致的污染; + +12. 火灾发生时或发生后的盗窃行为; + +13. 工业用途锅炉或气体燃料所发生的爆炸; + +14. 霉菌、真菌、孢子; + +二、电力机械、装置或电力设备的任何部分,由于其自身操作过度、负荷过重、短路、自热、电弧、或任何原因的漏电(包括闪电)所造成的自身损坏。 + +三、当被保险财产发生损坏时,除本保险外另有运输险保单承保该财产的损坏;或如果没有本保险单的存在,则将由该运输险保单承保的财产损坏,但损失数额超过运输险保单应负责任的金额(假设无本保险单存在)的部分则不在此限。 + +四、代为保管或受托的货物、金块、银块、未经装镶的宝石、艺术品、手稿、计划书、蓝图或设计、图案、模型、模具、有价证券、债券、文件、邮票、钱币或纸币、支票、会计帐簿、营业记录、电脑系统记录、爆炸性物品。 + +五、任何间接损失或损坏。 + +## 一般条件 + +一、保险合同 + +本保险合同条款、投保申请书、报价单、保险单、批单、批注及其它约定书均为本保险合同的构成部分,且前述投保申请书为订立本保险合同的基础。本保险合同应视作一个整体,其中特别定义的词语的意义及解释均一致。 + +二、免赔额 + +任何一次事故所造成每一项损失应分别在减去受损财产的残值并适用比例分摊原则后,再减去本保险单所载的免赔金额。 + +三、单次事故 + +被保险财产因承保风险在连续72小时内所造成的损失应视为一次事故。 + + diff --git a/markdowns/legal_contract_00049.md b/markdowns/legal_contract_00049.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..cdcc86aa8a0dc764b082e17bbdfed783e13d1a74 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/legal_contract_00049.md @@ -0,0 +1,58 @@ +## 交易条款 + +用户(以下称“本供应商”或“本公司”)属森拉天时集团,其法定所在地和主要工厂位于卢森堡)。 + +## 1 一般条款-范围 + +1.1 一般交货和付款条款(以下简称“条款”)仅适用于所有交货和服务(以下单独或共同称为“服务”);除非已书面明确同意其有效性,否则将不承认与本条款有冲突的或不受本条款约束的客户条款。即使其存在冲突条款或客户条款不受本条款约束的情况,或者当客户在提出要求或下订单时提请注意其一般条款的适用性时,在无条件向客户提供服务的前提下,或客户在提出要求或下订单时提请注意其一般条款的适用性,本条款依然适用。 +以下各章中包含的一般条款在所有情况下均完全适用于此类定义的交货和服务。如果与这些条款相抵触,则以以下各章中定义的有关交货和服务的规定为准。 + +1.2 与客户之间为执行协议而进行的所有安排均以书面形式在协议以及这些适用的条款中规定。 + +1.3 本条款仅适用于本公司。 + +1.4 在现有业务关系的框架内,这些条款也适用于后续订单。 + +## 2 报价 + +除另定协议,否则我方报价不受约束。 + +## 3 价格-付款条款 + +3.1 除另定协议,否则交货和我方价格均为“出厂价”(出自《国际贸易术语解释通则2020》),不包括包装和运输成本;后者将另行收费。 + +3.2 我方价格中不包含法定增值税,其会按照开具账单时适用的法定费率单独显示在账单上。 + +3.3 申请折扣需特定书面协议。 + +3.4 除另定协议,否则必须在账单日期后的30天内以净价(无减扣)支付购买价格。如客户违约,我方有权要求按当时的官方基本利率得利率降低9个百分点。 + +3.5 如双方未达成具体协议,则必须按以下方式支付绘图工具和项目定制产品: + +‐ 收到订单并确认后将三分之一款项作为定金: + +‐ 交货时支付三分之一款项: + +‐ 验收后两周内支付三分之一款项。 + +3.6 如客户反诉已确立合法、无争议且已被我方认可,则客户仅有抵消权、保留权和拒绝执行权。此外,仅当客户的反诉基于相同的协议关系时,客户才有权行使保留权。 + +## 4 交货-交货计划表 + +4.1 如客户违约或严重违反任何其他义务,我方将有权要求赔偿由此产生的损失,包括可能产生的额外费用。并保留提出其他索赔的权利。 + +4.2 在遵守本条款规定的前提下,客户拖欠承兑或付款时,其所购货品的意外损失风险将转移至客户。如根据客户要求分派所购货品,则自所购货品移交分派起,风险转移至客户。在所有其他情况下,风险在得所购货品移交客户时转移至客户,或如本公司业绩受承兑影响,则风险在承兑后转移。 + +4.3 如我方由于不可抗力事件无法履行义务,即表明此类事件超出了我方控制范围,我方对此不承担任何责任(例如当局的措施和命令(无论是否有效)、火灾、洪水、暴风雨、爆炸或其他自然灾害、暴乱、战争),履行我方义务的期限将延长导致延误的事件持续的期限,前提是可证实这些事件对货品制造、交付或交易实现影响略小,此类情况也适用于我方供应商而延误交货时。 + +4.4 如未因我方过错而无法及时获得为履行协议订购的正确货品,我方不承担任何责任。 + +4.5 分批交货在合理范围内是允许的。 + +4.6 如无其他协议,则在特定合理情况下,我方有权将交货数量更改±10%,且客户将必须支付实际交货数量款项。 + +4.7 我方会根据规定对交货延期负责,同时考虑这些条款中的规定限制,遵守以下条件:如因人员伤亡、健康或环境或长期担保或采购风险单方面由于疏忽而造成的非强制性延迟交货,则我方对因延迟引起的损失在限制范围内承担责任,每延迟一周,客户可要求收取至多0.5%的费用,而发生延误的交货部分的价格至多可以收取5%的费用。但这并不意味着改变不利于客户的举证责任。客户的撤回权不受此影响。 + +4.8 如客户拖欠承兑汇票,我方有权要求赔偿因延长相关货物的仓储时间而产生的费用,其费用为每个开 + + diff --git a/markdowns/legal_contract_00050.md b/markdowns/legal_contract_00050.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..0da52b060518d0464bc36fb6c08ea56cf4630ec4 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/legal_contract_00050.md @@ -0,0 +1,28 @@ +入权、适当人员和工作空间。买方进行审计/检查,或不进行审计或检查,将不会免除卖方的任何义务。 + +10. 损失风险。除非本订单的交货条款另有规定,否则在商品实际交付给买方之前,卖方将承担商品丢失和/或损坏的风险。 + +11. 供应商行为准则。供应商同意遵守嘉吉的《供应商行为准则》,该准则的网址为 https://www.cargill.com/about/supplier-code-of-conduct. + +12. 赔偿。对于(1)任何不合格的产品或服务;(2)因购买、使用或销售贵方提供的产品或服务而产生的任何权利、版权、商标权或其他专有权利的所谓被侵犯、直接或促成侵权或适用;(3)任何材料、物质或化学品在运输或交付时买方或买方场所所发生的任何泄漏或溢出;(4)卖方违反本订单的任何条款或条件;(5)使用任何买方材料或买方保留的任何提供本订单下的任何物料和/或(6)卖方、卖方分包商、员工、代理、代表以及提供本订单下服务的任何人的疏忽行为或作为或故意的不可归因于任何供应商的行为、损失、损害、罚款、处罚、成本及费用(包括合理的律师费),卖方同意赔偿买方、买方关联公司及本公司的董事、高级职员、员工、代理人和代表,并使他们免受影响。在不限制上述规定的情况下,买方可能要求卖方付费重新交付不合格商品或重新提供不合格服务。 + +13. 取消/终止。除适用法律禁止的情况外,买方(i)可在适用商品发运或提供服务之前,书面通知卖方来以任何理由或无理由取消本订单,(ii)如果卖方违反本订单的任何条款或条件,或资不抵债,或正在经历任何破产程序或受破产法的约束,书面通知卖方来立即终止本订单,即使已经发运。 + +14. 不可抗力。如果发生超出合理控制的事件,则各方不履约或推迟履约。主张不履约的一方,必须付出合理的努力来消除其无法履约或推迟履约的原因。主张不履约的一方,必须立即通知另一方该事件,指明该事件的性质及预期持续时间。如果卖方不履约或推迟履约的时间超过二十(20)个日历日,则买方可以书面通知卖方来终止本订单,该终止将在收到通知后立即生效。如果买方终止本订单,则买方的唯一责任是支付卖方在收到订单终止通知前交付的合格商品和服务的任何应付余额。 + +15. 保险。卖方同意,在履行本订单项下义务期间,其应自费维护工人补偿保险和其他法律要求的保险,并符合并满足适用法律的所有要求。 + +16. 管辖法律。中华人民共和国的法律将管辖本订单,无论该辖区内的任何法律冲突规则如何规定。因本订单引起的任何争议将在买方所属管辖区的法院解决。 + +17. 施工者的留置权问题:如果适用,卖方同意遵守适用的施工留置权和施工者的留置权法律。施工留置权和施工者的留置权法律应管辖买方向卖方支付款项。在根据本协议进行最终付款之前,卖方应向买方提供一份法定声明,声明所有分包商、所有卖方和材料员以及适用工人补偿和工作场所安全和保险法律规定的所有评估的款项已全部付讫。 + +18. 公约除外下列国际公约不适用于本订单:(i)《商品销售统一法》和《国际商品销售合同订立统一法》,(ii) 1980年《联合国国际商品销售合同公约》和(iii) 1974年6月14日在纽约缔结的《国际商品销售限制期公约》和1980年4月11日在维也纳缔结的《国际商品销售限制期公约修正议定书》。 + +19. 弃权。买方未行使或延迟行使与本订单有关的任何权利或补救办法,不意味着放弃该权利或补救办法。任何权利或补救办法的放弃必须以书面形式,并由买方签署。 + +20. 转让/分包。未经买方事先书面同意,卖方不得转让或分包其在本订单项下的权利和义务。 + +21. 可分割性。如果任何法院判定本订单的任何条款全部或部分无效、非法或不可执行,则该判定不会影响本订单其余条款或其任何部分的有效性、合法性或可执行性,所有这些条款都将保持完全的效力。 + +22. 语言。双方同意,如果本订单的英文版本与其他语言版本有任何不一致,则以英文版本为准。 + diff --git a/markdowns/legal_contract_00051.md b/markdowns/legal_contract_00051.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..1ed61f73d13eaea0b71e4ed21e9650eac1ad309d --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/legal_contract_00051.md @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ +13.2 如在签订合同后,供货商获悉客户营收状况、尤其是其资产状况影响其支付能力时,供货商有权拒绝为客户提供服务或货品,并为客户设定合理期限,使其可多次支付并获得相应分批供货,或者其须提供保证物。客户如拒绝或到期不付款,供货商则有权撤销合同并要求索赔。 + +13.3 如履行合同违反所在国法律或国际法律规定(例如:禁运,美国(再)出口管制条款或其他制裁条款等),则供货商有权撤销合同。该项原则亦适用合同签订后颁布生效的法律法规。 + +## 14. 合规 + +14.1 客户有义务遵守《米巴行为准则》并确保其员工、次级企业及供货商同样遵守《米巴行为准则》。在以下网址可参阅此准则: + +http://www.miba.com/de/coc/ + +《米巴行为准则》的规定被纳入客户与供货商之间的合同。客户确认其对《米巴行为准则》规定的了解,并确认其员工有义务遵守此准则的规定。如果客户的员工做出任何违背此准则的行为,客户将立即通知供货商。客户将支持供货商获得与违背《米巴行为准则》有关的信息。此外,客户有义务遵守其他所有适用法规、规范及其他标准。 + +14.2 对于任何违反在条目7.8、7.9及7.10所提出的出口条例或《米巴行为准则》的行为,供货商有权基于重要原因立即撤销与客户的现有合同。 + +or other insolvency proceedings are opened for Customer's assets or are not opened due to lack of cost-covering assets. + +13.2. If, after the contract has been concluded, it becomes evident that Supplier’s payment claims are in jeopardy due to Customer’s inability to perform, in particular if its assets position has deteriorated, Supplier is entitled to refuse to render performance and to set Customer an appropriate deadline within which it shall render performance in a step-by-step manner [Zug um Zug] against delivery or shall furnish security. If Customer refuses or the deadline passes fruitlessly, Supplier is entitled to withdraw from the contract and demand damages. + +13.3 Supplier is entitled to withdraw from the contract if the fulfillment thereof is prohibited under national or international law (e.g., embargoes, US (re)-export control regulations, other sanction provisions). This also applies to legislation which does not enter into force until after the contract is entered into. + +## 14. Compliance + +14.1 Customer shall comply and ensure that Customer's employees, subcontractors and suppliers are required to comply with the Miba Code of Conduct, which is available on the Internet at: + +http://www.miba.com/en/coc/ + +The Miba Code of Conduct is incorporated by reference into the contract between Customer and Supplier. Customer hereby declares that it is familiar with the Miba Code of Conduct and that it shall ensure that its employees comply with it. Customer shall immediately notify Supplier regarding any activities on the part of its employees which constitute an infringement of the Miba Code of Conduct. Customer shall help Supplier to obtain information relating to any infringement of the Miba Code of Conduct. + +14.2 Any violation of the export provisions named in Section 7.8, 7.9 and 7.10 or of the Miba Code of Conduct shall entitle Supplier to immediately terminate all existing contracts with Customer due to significant grounds. \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/markdowns/legal_contract_00052.md b/markdowns/legal_contract_00052.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..63cde1577192babcf5afa415e58ab6db36a52860 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/legal_contract_00052.md @@ -0,0 +1,116 @@ +## 砂比科销售条款和条件 + +## V. 1-9-2020 + +## 1. 定义 + +下列定义及解释规则应被适用: + +(a) 卖方:指提供文件的砂比科集团的法人实体。 + +(b) 工作日:指除星期六、星期日或中国法定节假日外,当北京的银行在该日正常营业之日。 + +(c) 买方:指购买或同意购买货物的个人、公司、企业、合伙企业或其他法人实体。 + +(d) 交货日:指在订单中具体的交货日期,如无,则由卖方指定。 + +(e) 文件:指销售货物所需要的要约、报价单、价格表、订单确认函、发票。 + +(f) 货物:指任何由卖方出售的物品。 + +(g) 破产事件:指买方资不抵债,被交由破产管理人进行管理、或者进入行政管理或清算程序、或者中止或停止经营(包括将会被中止或者停止经营)、或者其业务(或其任何部分)被接管、或者关于买方清盘或解散的决议达成、或买方所在的任何司法管辖区发生的任何效果与上述任何一项相同或相似事件。 + +(h) 订单:指由买方发出并由砂比科书面接受的订单,或根据下文第 2(b) 款在货物交付时被视为接受的订单。 + +(i) 矽比科集团:指在全球范围内提供物料解决方案的 SCR-Sibelco NV(作为最终母公司)及其子公司。 + +(j) “包括”一词应被理解为“包括但不限于”。 + +## 2. 货物的订购 + +(a) 买方可以以书面或口头的方式向卖方发出要约订单,该等要约订单将被视为买方根据该文件上载明的条款购买货物的要约。买方应对每个要约订单的准确性负责。 + +(b) 卖方有权无理由拒绝任何要约订单。任何一份要约订单只有在卖方书面确认后才被视为已接受,或者如果早于书面确认,货物(全部或部分)交付给买方时,亦被视为要约订单已被接受。在卖方接受后,应构成由本条款和订单中条款组成的合同(以下简称“合同”)。卖方对要约订单的书面确认文件中,如与本条款不一致,则以书面确认文件的条款为准。 + +(c) 合同条款将取代并排除任何其他条款,适用于买方购买货物。卖方发给买方的任何报价单或其他文件均不构成供应货物的要约,也不构成合同的一部分。卖方目录、技术数据表、价目表、分析以及其他文件和样品中包含的所有说明和声明只是大致的内容,不构成合同的一部分或对卖方构成任何义务,除非合同另有明确规定。 + +(d) 合同构成双方之间的完整协议,并取代并排除之前所有与其交易有关的书面或口头的协议和非正式协议。除非卖方书面同意,否则对这份条款的任何修改或修改均不具有约束力。 + +(e) 在符合第8条(c)项的前提下,买方确认,其不会依赖于任何未在合同约定的(无论是否出于无意还是疏忽)任何声明、陈述、断言或保证的内容,也不会依据前述合同约定以外的内容主张任何权利或救济措施。 + +## 3. 价款与支付 + +(a) 货物对应的应付款项应如订单中所列,如果订单中没有约定相应价款,则价格应以交货日有效的卖方价格清单(经买方要求可提供)为准。 + +(b) 所列价格不包括增值税和与货物的制造、运输、出口、进口、销售或交付有关的任何其他税收、关税或征费,也不包括交付、保险、包装、分类、核准、分析和检验的费用。此类费用和税款应由买方承担。 + +(c) 如果发生了任何超出卖方控制的因素(包括适用法律的变更,税收和关税的增加,外汇波动,供应成本增加,买方造成的延误和/或买方要求的订单变更)和/或卖方的纰漏失误,卖方有权在货物交付前调整货物对应的价款, + +(d) 发票应在交货时或交货后开具,买方应在发票开具后30日内,通过电子银行转账方式支付,并以发票上注明的货币支付。任何疑问必须在收到后10天内以书面形式向卖方提出,卖方可以要求买方在货物交货前先支付部分款项。 + +(e) 在任何法院判决之前和之后,逾期款项的利息均应按照欧洲央行主要再融资利率上浮2个百分点的年化利率收取。该利息对于任何逾期价款,应在应付款到期日后按日计算,直至实际支付逾期价款为止。买方应在支付逾期价款的同时支付该等利息,并且支付卖方从买方收取此类款项所产生的所有费用和开支。 + +(f) 付款时间至关重要。如果买方发生(或有合理可能发生)破产事件,或者买方未能在应付到期日支付全部或部分到期价款,卖方可以暂停货物交付或暂停履行任何尚未完成的订单(或订单的任何部分,任何一期货物的交付),并拒绝接受买方的任何进一步要约订单,且不承担任何责任。 + +(g) 除非法律要求扣除或扣缴税款(在这种情况下,买方应支付该等款项以确保卖方收到开具发票所载的全额款项),否则买方应全额支付所有到期款项,不得扣除、抵销、提出反主张或扣缴任何款项。在不影响卖方任何其他权利或补救措施的情况下,卖方有权在任何时候自行决定,将卖方拖欠买方的款项和买方应付给卖方的款项相互抵销,且卖方有权自己决定将买方支付给卖方的任何款项,指定其目的为支付任何买方所欠到期未付款项,款项的指定顺序由卖方自行决定。 + +## 4. 交付 + +(a) 除非订单中另有约定,货物应按“工厂交货”(EXW)(按 Incoterms$^{®}$ 2020 解释)条件交付(即由买方负责提货与运输,并承担在此过程中的货物风险),货物的交付应被认为在卖方中国场地内发生。 + +(b) 在不损害卖方任何其他权利的情况下,如果(1)买方未能在交货日或之前提 + +供卖方合理要求的所有指示以及交付货物所必要的全部文件、许可、同意和授权(如根据合同约定或法律,买方有义务取得);或(2)买方未能接受卖方进行的交付;或(3)买方未能向卖方提供协助;或(4)因买方原因导致延期或买方主动要求延期的,则: + +(i) 买方将向卖方支付所有运输、储存和等待时间所造成的花费,并赔偿因此遭受的任何其他损失,损害和费用,包括因卖方相应迟延履行或未按合同约定履行义务而导致货物价值减少造成的任何损失; + +(ii) 货物交付将被视为在交货日上午9点整已经完成,相应的发票将被开具; + +(iii) 如果货物在交货日后七天内仍未实际交付,卖方有权转售或以其他方式处置货物。 + +(c) 卖方有权分期交货,在此情况下每期交货应被视为构成单独的合同,相应的发票可以分开开具。 + +(d) 如果卖方同意以按需求分批发货的方式交付货物,则合同双方应在订单中约定订单完成最后期限日并明确订货至交付周期,如果超过订单完成最后期限日订单仍未完成,则卖方有权在任何时间要求买方立刻接受订单尚未完成数量货物的货物交付,并且有权向买方开具相应的发票。 + +(e) 对买方而言交货日(包括交货时间)不构成合同的关键性条件,仅为估计量。即使发生交货延迟或不能依约交货,卖方不会因此向买方承担任何责任。同时,买方无权拒绝任何因交货延迟或不能依约交货而导致的任何货物交付或分期交付,即使该等交付发生在交货日后。买方唯一享有的补救措施是要求卖方退还未交付货物的预付款,一旦卖方书面确认其无法交付货物,该等预付款即应被退还。 + +(f)买方应遵守任何其它主权机构或当局关于出口管制、出口法律、限制、法规(出口法规)的一切适用的国内和国际要求。 + +(g) 买方同意不出口或不允许转口或向受限或禁运国家的公民或被出口当局或出口法规的受限制方列为人、实体或航运公司放行,违反任何出口法规的任何类型的技术数据、信息或任何货物,除非且直至从主管出口机关取得所有需要的许可和授权。 + +## 5. 所有权及风险转移 + +(a) 在遵守相关适用法律的前提下,货物风险将在交付时转移给买方。 + +(b) 尽管货物交付完成,货物的所有权只有在下列各种情况中最先发生时转移给买方:(i)卖方收到货物全部对应款项的支付,在该种情况下所有权将在支付完成时转移;(ii)买方使用、处理(该情况下将使得货物不再处于它们原始的状态)或出售货物,该种情况下所有权转移的时间将根据第5条(d)项约定确定;(iii)卖方书面通知买方所要求的时间。 + +(c) 在货物所有权转移给买方前,买方: + +(i) 应当将货物独立地储存,并且标记或标识该等货物,以显示该等货物属于卖方: + +(ii) 不得对该等货物进行抵押、质押或者设置担保; + +(iii) 如果买方发生任何破产事件,立刻通知卖方: + +(iv) 提供买方不时要求的有关货物的信息; + +(v) 根据卖方的要求,交出任何处于买方占有下的货物;以及 + +(vi) 允许卖方,并且授予卖方一个不可被撤销的许可,使卖方有权进入任何货物储存的场所(在任何时间且无需通知)以检查和/或收回货物。 + +(d) 在遵守第 5 条(e)项约定的前提下,买方可以在所有权转移之前在日常经营过程中使用或加工(该种加工将使得货物不再处于它们原始的状态)货物或予以出售货物;然而,如果买方按照前述款项对货物进行了使用、加工或者出售,则(i)买方应以自己的名义而非卖方代理人的名义进行,并且(ii)相关货物的所有权将在买方进行相关使用,或处理,或出售前立刻转移给买方。 + +(e) 如果在所有权转移给买方前,买方发生破产事件,在不影响卖方任何其他权利与可获得救济的情况下,买方在日常经营状态下所拥有的使用、加工和出售货物的权利将被立刻终止,并且卖方有权在任何时间(i)要求买方交出全部处于其占有下的货物;(ii)进入任何货物存放的场所并且取回货物。 + +## 6. 数量与重量 + +货物在交付前应在卖方场所使用经认证的设备进行称重,测量所得重量数据将是货物最终且具有约束力的重量数据。买方无权就货物重量异议,也无权以货物重量不足或短缺二拒绝接受货物。卖方最终交付货物量相较于买方订购货物量可以最多上浮或下降10%,开具的发票及买方应支付的货款应按卖方实际交付的货物量调整。 + +## 7. 缺陷责任 + +(a) 卖方保证,货物在交付时应在所有重要方面符合订单中或相关发票上引用的产品规格(如未引用,则以交货时有效的相关产品规格为准,买方如要求,相关文本可被提供)(以下简称“产品规格”)。 + +(b) 尽管有第 7 条(a)项的规定,买方有责任验证确保货物符合其目的,并且在使用货物前进行测试,在该方面卖方对买方不承担任何责任。 + +(c) 对于任何在重大方面不符合产品规格(以下简称“缺陷”)的情况,买方必须在下列期限内以书面形式通知卖方:(i)如果该缺陷可以被直接观察或应该被直接观察发现,则应在买方收到货物后的两个工作日内通知;或(ii)在任何其他缺陷的情况下,在不迟于发现缺陷的日期后一个月内,且在任何情况下,不迟于货物交付之日起60天内,且在切实可行的范围内应尽早通知。卖方应有合理的机会检查货物,买方应根据卖方要求将此类货物运回卖方,运回所发生费用由卖方承担。 + diff --git a/markdowns/legal_contract_00053.md b/markdowns/legal_contract_00053.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..a3e256cd848b7bfceedf79c00fd823cf0a2d5943 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/legal_contract_00053.md @@ -0,0 +1,98 @@ +## 一般采购条款与条件 Sibelco 集团 + +## 1. 定义 + +“SIBELCO”是指下订单的Sibelco集团的法律实体。 + +“货物”是指订单中所述的货物(包括任何一批货物或部分货物)、原材料和/或贸易货物。 + +“订单”是指SIBELCO的货物的货物和/或相关服务(如有)的采购订单、以及规格书。 + +“原材料”是指在Sibelco生产过程中用于制造Sibelco产品的外部采购的天然、合成或辅助材料。 + +“卖方”是指接受订单的实体。 + +“服务”是指订单中所述的服务(如有)。 + +“Sibelco 集团”是指以 SCR-Sibelco NV 为最终母公司的全球材料解决方案公司及其子公司。 + +“规格”是指订单中列明或订单随附的货物和/或(相关)服务(如有)的说明/规格。 + +“标准”是指第14条(环境、健康与安全、劳动和社会标准)中定义的标准。 + +“条款”是指本一般采购条款与条件。 + +“贸易货物”是指在外部生产并再次销售而不做进一步加工的原材料。 + +## 2.订单 + +2.1 订单为 SIBELCO 根据本条款采购商品和/或服务的要约。订单一经卖方接受,便对卖方具有约束力。 + +2.2 除非得到 SIBELCO 事先书面同意,否则卖方的供货条件或对本条款的任何修改均为无效。卖方一旦接受订单,特此明确同意其自身的供货或销售条件不适用于任何订单。卖方与 Sibelco 之间的所有货物销售和/或服务提供应仅受订单条款和本条款的管辖。 + +2.3 订单修订必须由卖方和SIBELCO书面接受。 + +2.4 如果订单与本条款之间存在任何不一致之处,应以订单为准。 + +## 3. 数量、质量、遵守法律方面的保证 + +3.1 卖方向 SIBELCO 保证: + +(a) 货物和/或服务的数量、质量和规格将按照订单中规定或由SIBELCO书面同意。 + +(b) 卖方应遵守有关货物制造、包装、销售和交付和/或服务履行的法所有适用法律法规。 + +(c) 货物和/或服务将适用于 SIBELCO 下订单时提出的、或告知卖方的目的。 + +(d) 货物、其出口、进口、使用或转售,以及服务、其履行或接受情况不会侵犯任何第三方的知识产权。 + +(e) 服务将由具备资格且经过培训的人员尽职尽责地执行,并且至少应符合公认的行业标准和 SIBELCO 的健康与安全标准。 + +(f) 卖方没有、也不会就订单向 SIBELCO 的任何员工提供任何礼物。 + +(g) 货物中不存在杂质,也不存在石棉纤维,并且不含任何高度关注物质 (SVHC)。 + +3.2 除非另有书面约定,否则保证期将从向 SIBELCO 交付货物或 SIBELCO 接受服务之日起两 (2) 年后终止。 + +## 4. 交付时间 + +4.1 货物和/或服务必须在订单中规定的日期交付。时间至关重要。SIBELCO有权拒绝接受未在订单规定日期交付的货物和/或服务。此外,在任何提前或延迟交付的情况下,SIBELCO可以取消订单,而不放弃寻求其其他补救措施。 + +4.2 一旦卖方意识到任何提前交付或交付延迟,应立即书面通知SIBELCO,说明原因和预期提前交付日期或延迟的持续时间(视情况而定)。 + +## 5. 所有权与风险转移 + +货物灭失或损坏的风险应根据订单中规定的约定交付条款(INCOTERMS 2020)转移。所有权应在交货时立即转移,除非在货物交付前支付货款,在此情况下,一旦付款后,所有权应转移给SIBELCO。 + +## 6. 包装与标记 + +6.1 卖方应按照以下规定进行货物的包装、标记和发运: + +(i) (i)SIBELCO 的指示;(ii)《全球化学品统一分类和标签制度》(“GHS”);(iii)适用的国内和国际法规;(iv)一般公认行业准则;以及(v)安全数据表。 + +6.2 所有货物均应适当包装,以防止运输和/或储存过程中发生损坏和污染(包括但不限于潮湿、生锈、湿气、腐蚀和震动造成的损坏)。 + +6.3 危险货物必须在所有包装和文件上有明显的警告。 + +6.4 除非另有书面约定,否则 SIBELCO 无义务将货物的任何包装或包装材料返还给卖方。 + +## 7.缺陷通知 + +若 SIBELCO 发现货物/服务存在任何缺陷,应在合理的期限内(不少于 14 天)通知卖方。 + +## 8. 责任与赔偿 + +8.1 在不限制其他补救错数的情况下,如果未按照订单交付任何货物和/或服务,则 SIBELCO 有权: + +(a) 要求卖方在 7 日内按照订单维修/重新供应货物和/或服务,并且 SIBELCO 不承担任何费用;以及/或 + +(b) 自行决定取消订单,并要求补偿因从任何第三方处购买货物和/或服务而发生的价款和费用以及额外费用,即使先前已经要求卖方维修/重新供应货物和/或服务。 + +8.2 对于 SIBELCO 遭受或蒙受的有关以下方面的所有索赔、损害赔偿、责任;直接、间接以及后果性损失、费用和支出,卖方应向 SIBELCO 作出赔偿: + +(a) 卖方违反其保证或本条款中规定的条件; + +(b) 声称货物、其出口、进口、使用或转售,或服务、其履行或接受情况侵犯任何第三方的知识产权; + +(c) 卖方或其员工、代理人或分包商在供应或交付货物/服务中的任何作为或不作为。 + diff --git a/markdowns/legal_contract_00054.md b/markdowns/legal_contract_00054.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..d7f7df674fc7b56d324786ddb7ef17be2a2d900e --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/legal_contract_00054.md @@ -0,0 +1,26 @@ +以下译文仅供参考。如果本译文与最后更新的英文版本之间存在差异、不一致或冲突(包括由于翻译延误),则以英文版本为准。 + +创建自己的相关名称或标语(例如:“ONE STOP”、“JUST WALK”、“WALK OUT”、“JUST WALK OFF”、“SIMPLY WALK OUT”或“JUST RUN OUT”);或(b)在解释此项技术时,使用身份和结账名称或类似的变体进行描述性说明(“just walk off” [直接取走]、“simply walk out” [直接拿走]或“just pop out” [取货出门])。在句子或其他文本中提及身份和结账名称时,您应使用“技术”或“购物”等词语(例如:“AMAZON ONE 技术”、“JUST WALK OUT 技术”或“JUST WALK OUT 购物”)。 + +9. 徽标显示。AWS 将提供 AWS 标识的徽标图像,以供您用于许可的用途。您不得以任何方式更改徽标图像,包括但不限于更改 AWS 标识的比例、颜色或字体,或在图像中添加或从中移除任何元素。AWS 标识必须单独显示,徽标图像的每一侧与其他视觉、图形或文本元素之间必须有合理的间距。在任何情况下,均不得将 AWS 标识置于妨碍徽标图像可读性或显示的任何背景上。您应遵守 AWS 提供的任何相关图形标准。 + +10. 商业外观。您不得模仿任何 AWS 网站的商业外观或“外观和感觉”,包括但不限于品牌、颜色组合、字体、图形设计、产品图标或与 AWS 相关的其他元素。 + +11. 域名:URL。您不得注册包含 AWS 标识的任何域名,包括任何变体或修改版,或在子域名中使用任何 AWS 标识。但是,您可以在 URL 路径或子目录(例如:www.YourDomain.com/aws)中使用 AWS 标识,但仅限于与 AWS 相关的内容,而且前提是此类使用符合本指南。 + +12. 专有权利:商誉。您承认,AWS 标识的所有权利均归 AWS 单独所有,通过您使用 AWS 标识产生的所有商誉仅以 AWS 为受益人。本指南中的任何内容均不得解释为对 AWS 标识的任何权利、所有权或权益的转让,但本指南中授予的有限许可除外。您不得做出任何与 AWS 对 AWS 标识的权利或所有权相冲突的行为。您不得试图注册任何商标、服务标志、商品名称、徽标、域名或包含 AWS 标识的其他名称。 + +13. 合理使用。AWS 不反对第三方合理使用其标识,只要此类使用不会对客户造成混淆。任何此类使用均应仅采用纯文本(无徽标),并用于作出真实的事实陈述。合理使用不允许您声明或暗示与 AWS 有关系联署,或得到 AWS 的赞助或认可。如果您想在自己的产品、服务或活动中提及 AWS,请使用以下格式: + +• 格式:[您的品牌或使用案例] [关系措辞] [AWS 标识] + +• 示例:您的应用程序用于 Amazon S3 + +注:您可以使用以下任何关系措辞来替换“用于”,只要该词语与AWS标识一起使用时是准确的:“与……一起使用”、“与”、“与……兼容”、“与……搭配使用”、“在……基础上构建”、“使用……一起构建”、“在……基础上开发”、“使用……开发”等。 + +14. 付费搜索广告。AWS 限制第三方在所有搜索引擎上使用商标,并将仅授权在任何 AWS Partner Paths 中处于验证阶段的 AWS 合作伙伴在付费搜索广告中使用 AWS 标识。请联系您的 APN 合作伙伴开发经理以申请授权。 + +15. 第三方出版物。在大多数情况下,AWS 不提供在第三方出版物(包括屏幕截图、图表、代码、文档或其他受版权保护的材料)中使用 AWS 内容的许可或其他授权。但是,AWS 不反对出于教育或非营利目的对此类材料进行有限的合理使用。 + +16. 联系信息。如果您对本 AWS 商标指南中规定的义务有任何疑问,或对任何 AWS 标识有任何问题,请联系 trademarks@amazon.com。 + diff --git a/markdowns/legal_contract_00055.md b/markdowns/legal_contract_00055.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..f447b7e0775493980342dd7abf75d8bab5ded315 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/legal_contract_00055.md @@ -0,0 +1,104 @@ +以下译文仅供参考。如果本译文与最后更新的英文版本之间存在差异、不一致或冲突(包括由于翻译延误),则以英文版本为准。 + +## 17. AWS 标识(非详尽清单): + +Amazon Web Services + +AWS + +Amazon AppStream + +Amazon Athena + +Amazon Aurora + +Amazon Bedrock + +Amazon Braket + +Amazon Chime + +Amazon CloudFront + +Amazon CloudSearch + +Amazon CloudWatch + +Amazon CodeCatalyst + +Amazon CodeGuru + +Amazon CodeWhisperer + +Amazon Cognito + +Amazon Comprehend + +Amazon Connect + +Amazon Corretto + +Amazon DataZone + +Amazon Detective + +Amazon DevOps Guru + +Amazon DevPay + +Amazon Direct Connect + +Amazon DynamoDB + +Amazon EKS + +Amazon Elastic Beanstalk + +Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud + +Amazon EC2 + +Amazon Elastic Container Service + +Amazon ECS + +Amazon ElastiCache + +Amazon EventBridge + +Amazon FinSpace + +Amazon FSx + +Amazon GameLift + +Amazon GameSparks + +Amazon Glacier + +Amazon GuardDuty + +Amazon Honeycode + +Amazon Inspector + +Amazon Kendra + +Amazon Keyspaces + +Amazon Kinesis + +Amazon Lex + +Amazon Lightsail + +Amazon Lookout + +Amazon Macie + +Amazon Mechanical Turk + +Amazon MemoryDB + +Amazon Monitron + diff --git a/markdowns/legal_contract_00056.md b/markdowns/legal_contract_00056.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..918a1a30968daf89178176f08175a3cd120b2588 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/legal_contract_00056.md @@ -0,0 +1,162 @@ +## General Terms and Conditions of Purchasing + +Applicable to all supply contracts between suppliers ("Supplier") and Knott-Brenton ("Purchaser"). + +## 1. Applicable Terms + +1.1 The legal relationship between the Supplier and the Purchaser shall be governed by the following Terms and Conditions of Purchasing (hereinafter "Terms"). + +1.2 Any conflicting Terms and Conditions of the Supplier are hereby expressly excluded. + +1.3 The unconditional acceptance of the goods or services (hereinafter consistently referred to as "goods/services") or payment by the Purchaser shall in no case constitute acceptance of the Terms and Conditions of the Supplier. + +1.4 The Terms shall also apply for all future transactions with the Supplier. + +## 2. Ordering + +2.1 All contracts for delivery (purchase orders and confirmations) and release orders shall require the written form. Purchase and release orders may also be sent in text form (fax, e-mail, EDI, Internet EDI). + +2.2 Any verbal agreements after conclusion of the contract or any collateral agreements require the written confirmation of the Purchaser. + +2.3 The Supplier's quotations/cost estimates shall be binding and free of charge. + +2.4 THE PURCHASER MAY DEMAND REASONABLE CHANGES OF THE GOODS/SERVICES IN TERMS OF CONSTRUCTION AND DESIGN. The consequences of such changes, in particular with regard to additional or lower costs and delivery dates, shall be mutually and reasonably regulated between the parties. + +2.5 Should the Supplier fail to accept an individual order within two weeks of the order date, the Purchaser shall be entitled to cancel the order. + +2.6 Should these Terms be integrated into a framework agreement, an individual contract that is based on this framework agreement also comes into existence if the Supplier does not subject immediately and justifiably, the date stated in the release under shall be met. + +2.7 THE PURCHSER'S "QUANTY MANAGEMENT DIRECTIVE FOR PROCUREMENT" SHALL BE AM INTEGRAL PART OF THE DELIVERY CONTRACT. + +## 3. Prices, Payment + +3.1 Without special agreement, all prices are "delivered duty paid" (DDP according to Incoterms 2000) including packaging. Should the Supplier undertake installation or assembly, he shall, falling a written agreement to the contrary, bear all necessary additional costs. + +3.2 Unless otherwise agreed, the Purchaser shall pay within 90 days of the claim for payment and after receipt of a due invoice as well as receipt of the goods/services. ANY PAYMENT IS SUBJECT TO INVOICE VERIFICATION. + +3.3 Should early delivery of the goods and services (hereinafter referred to as "consignment") be accepted, any claim for payment shall become due not earlier than on the agreed date of payment, in case of doubt not earlier than the agreed delivery date. The right to assert compensation claims for additional costs, in particular with regard to storage costs is reserved. + +## 4. Delivery and Delivery Rates, Late Delivery, Penalty + +4.1 Any agreed delivery dates and terms shall be binding. Decisive for on-time delivery shall be the date the goods are received at the delivery address (place of performance) agreed with or designated by the Purchaser. Failing an agreement to the contrary, delivery shall be made "delivered duty paid" (DDP) according to Incoterms 2002). In all other respects the Supplier shall coordinate delivery with the carrier of the Purchaser. + +4.2 Portal deliveries and early deliveries are not permitted unless expressly agreed to in writing by the Purchaser. + +4.3 Acceptance of late deliveries without reservation shall not be deemed to be a waiver of any claims to which the Purchaser is entitled due to late delivery. + +4.4 Should the agreed delivery dates not be met, the statutory provisions shall apply. Should the Supplier anticipate diffi- culties that may prevent him from delivering on time or in the agreed quality, he shall notify the Purchaser thereof immediately, stating the reasons. IN ADDITION, THE PURCHASER SHALL BE ENTITLED TO DEMAND PAYMENT OF LIGUID-TED DAMAGES AND UNTING TO 0.5% OF THE VALUE OF THE LATE GOODSVERWCES PER STARTED WEEK OF DELAY UP TO A MAXIMUM OF 5% OF THE ENTIRE VALUE OF THE ORDER. THE UDIDATED DAMAGES SHALL BE SET OFF AGAINST ANY CLAIMS FOR DAMAGES DUE TO LATE DELIVERY. + +4.5 The Supplier shall bear the performance risk until acceptance of the Purchaser or his agent at the location, to which the goods shall be delivered in accordance with the contract. + +4.6 THE SUPPLIER SHALL NARRANT A THOROUGH INSPECTION OF OUTGOING GOODS TO ENSURE DEFECT-FREE DELIVERY. An inspection of incoming goods only takes place with respect to outwardly visible defects and/or deviations in kind or quantity if the goods. Notice of defects will be given as soon as those are determined in the ordinary course of business. INSDFAR THE SUPPLIER INNAIVES OBJECTION OF LATE NOTIFICATION. + +4.7 The Purchaser shall have the unrestricted, inevitable and within the Knorn-Bremse Group freely transferable right to use any software included in the scope of delivery, including any after-date documentation, in accordance with the intended use of the goods/services under the contract. He may also make a safety copy thereof without any express agreement. + +4.8 If required and on demand of the Purchaser, the parties will agree to the establishment of a consignment warehouse. + +## 5. Secrecy + +5.1 Any information made accessible by the Purchaser shall not be disclosed to third parties insofar as it is not demoisably known to the public. The information remains the exclusive property of the Purchaser and shall only be made available to those employees within the Supplier's company that are necessary in the performance of the contract and who have been put under an obligation to secrecy themselves. With the exception of deliveries to the Purchaser, such information may not be duplicated or used for commercial purposes without the prior written approval of the Purchaser. On request of the Purchaser, all information originating with the Purchaser, no matter what kind or in what form, shall be immediately and completely returned to the person destroyed in connection with a written declaration to that effect. + +5.2 The Purchaser reserves all rights in such information, including copyright and the right to intellectual property applications, to similar as the Purchaser has acquired such information from third parties, this reservation also applies for the benefit of such third parties. + +5.3 The Supplier may neither use his/her nor offer or deliver any products to third parties that have been instru-fiactured on the basis of the Purchaser's documents, drawings, models and the like or on the basis of confidential specifications of the Purchaser or by means of his tools or copies thereof. This shall correspondingly also apply for printing orders. +5.4 The contracting parties may only use their business connection for advertising purposes with the prior written consent of the other party. + +## 6. Inventories, Industrial Property Rights + +6.1 The Supplier hereby grants the Purchaser a free, transferable right of use without restriction as to territory or time in any know-how and inventions of the Supplier that are capable of being protected and an which the goods/services are based or in which these are embedded or which have come into being through development processes during the contractual relationship. The Supplier shall organically ensure that he can meet this obligation to grant the right of use. +6.2 THE SUPPLIER IS AIMARE THAT THE PRODUCTS OF THE PURCHASER ARE BEING USED WORLD-WIDE. HE UNDERTAKES TO IMMEDIATELY NOTIFY THE PURCHASER OF ANY USE OF PUBLISHED AND UNPUBLISHED, OWN AND LICensed INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY RIGHTS AND PATENT APPLICATIONS REGARDING THE GOODS/SERVICES. + +## 7. Packaging, Delivery Notes, Invoice, Country of Origin of Goods + +7.1 The goods shall be packaged according to the provisions of the packaging handbook of the Purchaser. + +7.2 The Purchaser shall be provided with a delivery note and a separate invoice regarding each consignment. These must contain the Supplier number, date and number of the order and/or release order and purchase agreement, quantity and material number, number and date of the delivery note, gross and net weights listed separately; additional data of the Purchaser (e.g. point of discharge) as well as the agreed price per unit. A packing slip with a list of contents and order number must be enclosed with each consignment. + +7.3 Should the invoice refer to several different orders, the information under 7.2 shall be listed separately for each order. The invoice may only refer to the delivery notice. + +7.4 The Supplier shall provide the Purchaser with evidence of the country of origin of the goods by reabsorption of proof of preference or certificate of origin. The Purchaser shall be notified immediately of any change in the country of origin without prior request. The Supplier shall indemnify the Purchaser from all costs arising as a result of false, incomplete or incorrect statements or documents regarding the country of origin of the goods. + +## 采购一般性条款与条件 + +适用子层有供货方|“供货方”)与克诺尔|“采购方”)订立的供应合同。 + +## 1. 适用条款 + +1.1 供货方与采购方之间的法律关系应受以下采购条款与条件(以下简称“本条款”)之调整。 + +1.2 供货方的任何相抵触的条款与条件在北项确地予以排除。 + +1.3 无条件接受货物或服务(以下统称为“货物/服务”)或采购方付款在任何情况下不应认为是对供货方条款与条件的接受。 + +1.4 本条款应一并适用所有将来与供货方发生的交易。 + +## 2. 订货 + +2.1 所有支付合同(订货单和确认)以及发货单应以书面形式订立。订货单以及发货单亦可以文本形式发送(传真、电子邮件、电子数据交换、网络电子数据交换)。 + +2.2 合同订立后的任何口头协议或任何附属协议应取得采购方书面确认。 + +2.3 供货方的组合单/费用预估应具有的卖力并且负责提供。 + +2.4 针对建造和设计,采购方可以要求对货物/服务作合理变更。该等变更,特别是涉及增加或减少费用以及交付日期的,应当由双方共同予以合理规定。 + +2.5 若供货方在定单日后二周内仍未能接收该个别定单,采购方有权取消该定单。 + +2.6 若本条款被纳入一份框架协议中,只要供货方并未立即且以合理理由提出反对,则基于该项框架协议所订之单项合同亦应成立;应按照相关发货单内所述日期发货。 + +2.7 采购方之《采购质量管理指导》应作为交付合同的整体组成部分。 + +## 3. 价格、支付 + +3.1 除特别的室外、原有价格应为“完税后交货”(根据《2000年国际贸易术语解释通则》术语DDP)包括包装费用,若缺货方承诺安装或装配,除非另有相反的书面协议,其应承担所有必须的额外费用。 + +3.2 除非另有约定,采购方应当在供货方要求其付款日后九十天内,并在收到正式发票及表取货物/服务之后,支付款项,支付任何款项前须经发票确认。 + +3.3 若货物和服务的提前交付(以下简称“青存”)被接受,任何付款请求不应早于约定的付款日时(若有疑问,不应早于约定的交付日期),就额外费用提出赔偿请求的权利,尤其是涉及仓储费用的,应当予以保留。 + +## 4. 交付及交付日期、延迟交付、押金 + +4.1 任何约定的交付日期以及条款应具有约束力,准时交付应以货物于约定的或采购方指定的交付地点(履行地)由采购方接收为准,若无相反约定,交付应以“完税后交货”(根据《2000年国际贸易术语解释通则》术语 DOP 进行,在其他所有情况下,供货方应当与采购方的承运人配合交货。 + +4.2 除非采购方以书面形式明确同意,不允许部分交付和提前交付。 + +4.3 无保留地接受延迟交付不应被视为采购方放弃任何其因延迟交付而提出索赔的权利。 + +4.4 若未能按约定日期交付,应适用法定条款,若供货方遇见其将遭受不能据付交付或不能以的定质量交付的情况,其应立即通知采购方,并告知理由。此外,采购方有权要求供货方支付违约赔偿金,该违约赔偿金的金额为自延迟交付期始每周支付延迟交付货物/服务价款0.5%,但最高不超过订单总价的5%。违约赔偿金应可抵销任何由延迟交付引起的损害赔偿请求。 + +4.5 直至采购方或其代理商在合同的定的交付地点接收货物/服务,供货方应承担履行风险。 + +4.6 供货方应保证对待发货货物进行彻底检验以确保其无瑕疵交付。对待农货物的检验仅就外部可见瑕疵和/或种类或数量偏差方面进行,若通常业务运作中一旦判定存有瑕疵采购方将就此立即做出通知,在此情况下,供货方放弃对延迟通知的异议权。 + +4.7 根据合同项下货物/服务的原定用途,采购方有权不受限制地,不可撤销地并在 Knorr-Bremse 集团内可自由转让地使用任何在交付范围内的软件,包括任何所涉文件,并且无须任何明确同意,其有权安全复制该等文件。 + +4.8 如必须并经采购方要求,双方将同意建立一处寄存仓库。 + +## 5、保密 + +5.1 采购方所提供的任何资料,但凡不能为公众确然得知的,不得向第三方披露。该资料仍是采购方专有财产,仅提供给履行合同必要的供货方公司员工,并且该员工有保密义务,除交付给采购方外,未取得采购方书面同意的情况下,该等资料不得被复制或供商业用途使用,经采购方索要,所有采购方原创的资料,不论种类与形式,应予以立即且完整地返还采购方,或根据书面声明而被销毁。 + +5.2 采购方保留对该等资料的全部权利(包括版权和知识产权申请权)。只要采购方已经从第三方处获取该等资料,则本保留权利同样适用于第三方以保护其利益。 + +5.3 供货方不得自行使用亦不得向第三方提供或交付任何基于采购方的文件、图纸、模型以及类似资料及其复本,或基于采购方保密规则,或依靠采购方设备或复本而生产的产品,本条款亦相应适用于印制定单。 + +5.4 合同各方需仅在提前取得对方书面同意的情况下,为宣传目的使用其业务关系。 + +## 6. 发明、工业产权 + +6.1 供货方在此授予采购方对于供货方任何可以被保护的、或货物/服务是基于其的、或包含在此内的,或在合同关系中开发过程期间而产生的专有技术及发明之免费的,可转让的使用权,并不受地域或时间的限制,供货方应在组织上保证履行其授予使用权的义务。 + +6.2 供货方了解采购方的产品在全球范围内被使用,供货方保证其将立即通知采购方任何涉及货物/服务的、公开及未公开的、拥有的及被授权的工业产权以及专利申请的使用。 + +## 7. 包装、交货通知单、发票、货物原产地 + +7.1 货物应按附采购方包装手册的规定进行包装。 + +7.2采购方应就每次托诺被提供一份交货通知单以及单独的发票,其中必须包括供货方编号,订单和/或发货单和购买协议的日期及编号、数量及物料编码、交货通知单的日期及编码,分别列明毛重及净重,采购方的附加资料(例如:卸货地点及约定单位价格,每次托诺须附随包含货物目录清单及订单号的装箱单。 + +7.3 如果单张发票对应几份不同的订单,则7.2项下所述资料应按每个订单分列。发票可仅对应交货通知单。 + +7.4 供货方应向采购方提供货物原产地证明(货物的优先证明或货物的原产地证明书)。无需事先要求,采购方应被立即告知任何原产地变动,供货方应向采购方赔偿所有由于货物原产地失实、不完整或不正确陈述或文件所造成的损失。 + diff --git a/markdowns/legal_contract_00057.md b/markdowns/legal_contract_00057.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..d668bd257ea0ead2b844f561c35d44873ea0eba9 --- /dev/null +++ b/markdowns/legal_contract_00057.md @@ -0,0 +1,68 @@ +## 国内水路、陆路货物运输保险条款 + +请仔细阅读整份保险单,尤其是以下划线标注免除本公司责任的条款内容。 + +## 第一章 总则 + +## 第一条 + +为使保险货物在水路、铁路、公路和联合运输中,因遭受保险责任范围内的自然灾害或意外事故所造成的损失能够得到经济补偿,并加强货物运输的安全防损工作,以利商品流通,特举办本保险。 + +## 第二章 保险责任 + +## 第二条 + +本保险分为基本险和综合险两种。保险货物遭受损失时,保险人按承保险别的责任范围负赔偿责任。 + +(一) 基本险: + +1. 因火灾、爆炸、雷电、冰雹、暴风、暴雨、洪水、地震、海啸、地陷、崖崩、滑坡、泥石流所造成的损失: + +2. 由于运输工具发生碰撞、搁浅、触礁、沉没、出轨或隧道、码头坍塌所造成的损失; + +3. 在装货、卸货或转载时,因遭受不属于包装质量不善或装卸人员违反操作规程所造成的损失, + +4. 按国家规定或一般惯例应分摊的共同海损的费用: + +5. 在发生上述灾害、事故时因纷乱而造成货物的散失以及因施救或保护货物所支付的直接、合理的费用; + +(二)综合险: + +本保险除包括基本险责任外,保险人还负责赔偿: + +1. 因受震动、碰撞、挤压而造成破碎、弯曲、凹瘪、折断、开裂或包装破裂致使货物散失的损失: + +2. 液体货物因受震动、碰擦或挤压指使所用容器(包括封口)损坏而渗漏的损失或用液体保藏的货物因液体渗漏而造成保藏货物腐烂变质的损失: + +3. 遭受盗窃或整件提货不着的损失: + +4. 符合安全运输规定而遭受雨淋所致的损失。 + +## 第三条 + +保险责任的起讫期,是自签发保险凭证和保险货物离起运地发货人的最后一个仓库或储存处所时起,至该保险凭证上注明的目的地的收货人在当地的第一个仓库或储存处所时终止。但保险货物运抵目的地后,如果收货人未及时提货,则保险责任的终止期最多延长至以收货人接到《收货人通知单》的十五天为限(以邮戳为准)。 + +## 第三章 除外责任 + +## 第四条 + +由于下列原因造成保险货物的损失,保险人不负赔偿责任: + +1. 战争或军事行动: + +2. 核事件或核爆炸: + +3. 保险货物本身的缺陷或自然损耗,以及由于包装不善; + +4. 被保险人的故意行为或过失: + +5. ( 全程是公路货物运输的,盗窃和整件提货不着的损失: + +6. 其它不属于保险责任范围内的损失。 + +## 第四章 保险金额 + +## 第五条 + +保险价值为货物的实际价值,按货物的实际价值或货物的实际价值加运杂费确定。保险金额由投保人参照保险价值自行确定,并在保险合同中载明。保险金额不得超过保险价值。超过保险价值的,超过部分 +